From 74f0bd3de7a924bf63231630fe17e956de537750 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Larry Versaw Date: Tue, 25 May 2021 18:28:52 -0600 Subject: [PATCH] general cleanup --- 00-BIEL_Descriptions/About.Each.Resource.md | 10 +-- 00-tH_front&back/tH-1-Intro.md | 4 +- 00-tN_front&back/tN-11-Intro.md | 23 ++++--- 00-tN_front&back/tN-20-Appendix.md | 17 ++++-- 1ch/01/01.md | 1 - 1ch/01/02.md | 1 - 1ch/01/03.md | 1 - 1ch/01/04.md | 1 - 1ch/01/05.md | 1 - 1ch/01/06.md | 1 - 1ch/01/07.md | 1 - 1ch/01/08.md | 1 - 1ch/01/09.md | 1 - 1ch/01/10.md | 1 - 1ch/01/11.md | 1 - 1ch/01/12.md | 1 - 1ch/01/13.md | 1 - 1ch/01/14.md | 1 - 1ch/01/15.md | 1 - 1ch/01/16.md | 1 - 1ch/01/17.md | 1 - 1ch/01/18.md | 1 - 1ch/01/19.md | 1 - 1ch/01/20.md | 1 - 1ch/01/21.md | 1 - 1ch/01/22.md | 1 - 1ch/01/23.md | 1 - 1ch/01/24.md | 1 - 1ch/01/25.md | 1 - 1ch/01/26.md | 1 - 1ch/01/27.md | 1 - 1ch/01/28.md | 1 - 1ch/01/29.md | 1 - 1ch/01/30.md | 1 - 1ch/01/31.md | 1 - 1ch/01/32.md | 1 - 1ch/01/33.md | 1 - 1ch/01/34.md | 1 - 1ch/01/35.md | 1 - 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2th/02/14.md | 1 - 2th/02/15.md | 1 - 2th/02/16.md | 4 +- 2th/02/17.md | 1 - 2th/02/intro.md | 11 ++-- 2th/03/01.md | 1 - 2th/03/02.md | 1 - 2th/03/03.md | 1 - 2th/03/04.md | 1 - 2th/03/05.md | 1 - 2th/03/06.md | 1 - 2th/03/07.md | 1 - 2th/03/08.md | 1 - 2th/03/09.md | 1 - 2th/03/10.md | 1 - 2th/03/11.md | 1 - 2th/03/12.md | 1 - 2th/03/13.md | 1 - 2th/03/14.md | 1 - 2th/03/15.md | 1 - 2th/03/16.md | 1 - 2th/03/17.md | 1 - 2th/03/18.md | 1 - 2th/03/intro.md | 8 +-- 2th/front/intro.md | 25 +++++--- 2ti/01/01.md | 1 - 2ti/01/02.md | 1 - 2ti/01/03.md | 1 - 2ti/01/04.md | 1 - 2ti/01/05.md | 1 - 2ti/01/06.md | 1 - 2ti/01/07.md | 1 - 2ti/01/08.md | 1 - 2ti/01/09.md | 1 - 2ti/01/10.md | 1 - 2ti/01/11.md | 1 - 2ti/01/12.md | 1 - 2ti/01/13.md | 1 - 2ti/01/14.md | 1 - 2ti/01/15.md | 1 - 2ti/01/16.md | 1 - 2ti/01/17.md | 1 - 2ti/01/18.md | 1 - 2ti/01/intro.md | 12 ++-- 2ti/02/01.md | 1 - 2ti/02/02.md | 1 - 2ti/02/03.md | 1 - 2ti/02/04.md | 1 - 2ti/02/05.md | 1 - 2ti/02/06.md | 1 - 2ti/02/07.md | 1 - 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2ti/04/15.md | 1 - 2ti/04/16.md | 1 - 2ti/04/17.md | 1 - 2ti/04/18.md | 1 - 2ti/04/19.md | 1 - 2ti/04/20.md | 1 - 2ti/04/21.md | 1 - 2ti/04/22.md | 1 - 2ti/04/intro.md | 11 ++-- 2ti/front/intro.md | 3 +- 3jn/01/01.md | 1 - 3jn/01/02.md | 1 - 3jn/01/03.md | 1 - 3jn/01/04.md | 1 - 3jn/01/05.md | 1 - 3jn/01/06.md | 1 - 3jn/01/07.md | 1 - 3jn/01/08.md | 1 - 3jn/01/09.md | 1 - 3jn/01/10.md | 1 - 3jn/01/11.md | 1 - 3jn/01/12.md | 1 - 3jn/01/13.md | 1 - 3jn/01/14.md | 1 - 3jn/01/15.md | 1 - 3jn/front/intro.md | 3 +- README.md | 2 +- act/01/01.md | 1 - act/01/02.md | 1 - act/01/03.md | 1 - act/01/04.md | 1 - act/01/05.md | 1 - act/01/06.md | 1 - act/01/07.md | 1 - act/01/08.md | 1 - act/01/09.md | 1 - act/01/10.md | 1 - act/01/11.md | 1 - act/01/12.md | 1 - act/01/13.md | 1 - act/01/14.md | 1 - act/01/15.md | 1 - act/01/16.md | 1 - act/01/17.md | 1 - act/01/18.md | 1 - act/01/19.md | 1 - act/01/20.md | 1 - act/01/21.md | 1 - act/01/22.md | 1 - act/01/23.md | 1 - act/01/24.md | 1 - act/01/25.md | 1 - act/01/26.md | 1 - act/01/intro.md | 25 ++++---- act/02/01.md | 1 - act/02/02.md | 2 - act/02/03.md | 1 - act/02/04.md | 1 - act/02/05.md | 1 - act/02/06.md | 1 - act/02/07.md | 1 - act/02/08.md | 1 - act/02/09.md | 1 - act/02/10.md | 1 - act/02/11.md | 1 - act/02/12.md | 1 - act/02/13.md | 1 - act/02/14.md | 1 - act/02/15.md | 1 - act/02/16.md | 1 - act/02/17.md | 1 - act/02/18.md | 1 - act/02/19.md | 1 - act/02/20.md | 1 - act/02/21.md | 1 - act/02/22.md | 1 - act/02/23.md | 1 - act/02/24.md | 1 - act/02/25.md | 1 - act/02/26.md | 1 - act/02/27.md | 1 - act/02/28.md | 1 - act/02/29.md | 1 - act/02/30.md | 1 - act/02/31.md | 1 - act/02/32.md | 2 - act/02/33.md | 1 - act/02/34.md | 1 - act/02/35.md | 1 - act/02/36.md | 1 - act/02/37.md | 1 - act/02/38.md | 1 - act/02/39.md | 1 - act/02/40.md | 2 +- act/02/41.md | 1 - act/02/42.md | 1 - act/02/43.md | 1 - act/02/44.md | 1 - act/02/45.md | 1 - act/02/46.md | 1 - act/02/47.md | 1 - act/02/intro.md | 17 +++--- act/03/01.md | 1 - act/03/02.md | 1 - act/03/03.md | 1 - act/03/04.md | 1 - act/03/05.md | 1 - act/03/06.md | 1 - act/03/07.md | 1 - act/03/08.md | 1 - act/03/09.md | 1 - act/03/10.md | 1 - act/03/11.md | 1 - act/03/12.md | 1 - act/03/13.md | 1 - act/03/14.md | 1 - act/03/15.md | 1 - act/03/16.md | 1 - act/03/17.md | 1 - act/03/18.md | 1 - act/03/19.md | 1 - act/03/20.md | 3 +- act/03/21.md | 1 - act/03/22.md | 1 - act/03/23.md | 1 - act/03/24.md | 1 - act/03/25.md | 1 - act/03/26.md | 1 - act/03/intro.md | 9 ++- act/04/01.md | 1 - act/04/02.md | 1 - act/04/03.md | 1 - act/04/04.md | 1 - act/04/05.md | 1 - act/04/06.md | 1 - act/04/07.md | 1 - act/04/08.md | 1 - act/04/09.md | 1 - act/04/10.md | 1 - act/04/11.md | 1 - act/04/12.md | 1 - act/04/13.md | 1 - act/04/14.md | 1 - act/04/15.md | 1 - act/04/16.md | 1 - act/04/17.md | 1 - act/04/18.md | 1 - act/04/19.md | 1 - act/04/20.md | 1 - act/04/21.md | 1 - act/04/22.md | 1 - act/04/23.md | 1 - act/04/24.md | 3 +- act/04/25.md | 1 - act/04/26.md | 1 - act/04/27.md | 1 - act/04/28.md | 1 - act/04/29.md | 1 - act/04/30.md | 1 - act/04/31.md | 1 - act/04/32.md | 1 - act/04/33.md | 1 - act/04/34.md | 1 - act/04/35.md | 1 - act/04/36.md | 1 - act/04/37.md | 1 - act/04/intro.md | 17 +++--- act/05/01.md | 1 - act/05/02.md | 1 - act/05/03.md | 1 - act/05/04.md | 2 - act/05/05.md | 1 - act/05/06.md | 1 - act/05/07.md | 1 - act/05/08.md | 1 - act/05/09.md | 1 - act/05/10.md | 3 +- act/05/11.md | 1 - act/05/12.md | 1 - act/05/13.md | 1 - act/05/14.md | 1 - act/05/15.md | 1 - act/05/16.md | 1 - act/05/17.md | 1 - act/05/18.md | 1 - act/05/19.md | 1 - act/05/20.md | 1 - act/05/21.md | 1 - act/05/22.md | 1 - act/05/23.md | 1 - act/05/24.md | 1 - act/05/25.md | 1 - act/05/26.md | 1 - act/05/27.md | 1 - act/05/28.md | 1 - act/05/29.md | 1 - act/05/30.md | 1 - act/05/31.md | 1 - act/05/32.md | 1 - act/05/34.md | 1 - act/05/35.md | 1 - act/05/36.md | 1 - act/05/37.md | 1 - act/05/38.md | 1 - act/05/39.md | 1 - act/05/40.md | 1 - act/05/41.md | 1 - act/05/42.md | 1 - act/05/intro.md | 5 +- act/06/01.md | 1 - act/06/02.md | 1 - act/06/03.md | 1 - act/06/04.md | 1 - act/06/05.md | 1 - act/06/06.md | 1 - act/06/07.md | 1 - act/06/08.md | 1 - act/06/09.md | 1 - act/06/10.md | 1 - act/06/11.md | 1 - act/06/12.md | 1 - act/06/13.md | 1 - act/06/14.md | 1 - act/06/15.md | 1 - act/06/intro.md | 9 ++- act/07/01.md | 1 - act/07/02.md | 1 - act/07/03.md | 1 - act/07/04.md | 1 - act/07/05.md | 1 - act/07/06.md | 1 - act/07/07.md | 1 - act/07/08.md | 1 - act/07/09.md | 1 - act/07/10.md | 1 - act/07/11.md | 1 - act/07/12.md | 1 - act/07/13.md | 1 - act/07/14.md | 1 - act/07/15.md | 1 - act/07/16.md | 1 - act/07/17.md | 1 - act/07/18.md | 1 - act/07/19.md | 1 - act/07/20.md | 1 - act/07/21.md | 1 - act/07/22.md | 1 - act/07/23.md | 1 - act/07/24.md | 1 - act/07/25.md | 1 - act/07/26.md | 1 - act/07/27.md | 1 - act/07/28.md | 1 - act/07/29.md | 1 - act/07/30.md | 1 - act/07/31.md | 1 - act/07/32.md | 1 - act/07/33.md | 1 - act/07/34.md | 1 - act/07/35.md | 1 - act/07/36.md | 1 - act/07/37.md | 1 - act/07/38.md | 1 - act/07/39.md | 1 - act/07/40.md | 1 - act/07/41.md | 1 - act/07/42.md | 1 - act/07/43.md | 1 - act/07/44.md | 1 - act/07/45.md | 1 - act/07/46.md | 1 - act/07/47.md | 1 - act/07/48.md | 1 - act/07/49.md | 1 - act/07/50.md | 1 - act/07/51.md | 1 - act/07/52.md | 1 - act/07/53.md | 1 - act/07/54.md | 1 - act/07/55.md | 1 - act/07/56.md | 1 - act/07/57.md | 1 - act/07/58.md | 1 - act/07/59.md | 1 - act/07/60.md | 1 - act/07/intro.md | 21 +++---- act/08/01.md | 1 - act/08/02.md | 1 - act/08/03.md | 1 - act/08/04.md | 1 - act/08/05.md | 1 - act/08/06.md | 1 - act/08/07.md | 1 - act/08/08.md | 1 - act/08/09.md | 1 - act/08/10.md | 1 - act/08/11.md | 1 - act/08/12.md | 1 - act/08/13.md | 1 - act/08/14.md | 1 - act/08/15.md | 1 - act/08/16.md | 1 - act/08/17.md | 1 - act/08/18.md | 1 - act/08/19.md | 1 - act/08/20.md | 1 - act/08/21.md | 1 - act/08/22.md | 1 - act/08/23.md | 1 - act/08/24.md | 1 - act/08/25.md | 1 - act/08/26.md | 1 - act/08/27.md | 1 - act/08/28.md | 1 - act/08/29.md | 1 - act/08/30.md | 1 - act/08/31.md | 1 - act/08/32.md | 1 - act/08/33.md | 1 - act/08/34.md | 1 - act/08/35.md | 1 - act/08/36.md | 1 - act/08/37.md | 1 - act/08/38.md | 1 - act/08/39.md | 1 - act/08/40.md | 1 - act/08/intro.md | 11 ++-- act/09/01.md | 1 - act/09/02.md | 1 - act/09/03.md | 1 - act/09/04.md | 1 - act/09/05.md | 1 - act/09/06.md | 1 - act/09/07.md | 1 - act/09/08.md | 1 - act/09/09.md | 1 - act/09/10.md | 1 - act/09/11.md | 1 - act/09/12.md | 1 - act/09/13.md | 1 - act/09/14.md | 1 - act/09/15.md | 1 - act/09/16.md | 1 - act/09/17.md | 1 - act/09/18.md | 1 - act/09/19.md | 1 - act/09/20.md | 1 - act/09/21.md | 1 - act/09/22.md | 1 - act/09/23.md | 1 - act/09/24.md | 1 - act/09/25.md | 1 - act/09/26.md | 1 - act/09/27.md | 2 +- act/09/28.md | 1 - act/09/29.md | 1 - act/09/30.md | 1 - act/09/31.md | 1 - act/09/32.md | 1 - act/09/33.md | 1 - act/09/34.md | 1 - act/09/35.md | 1 - act/09/36.md | 1 - act/09/37.md | 1 - act/09/38.md | 1 - act/09/39.md | 1 - act/09/40.md | 1 - act/09/41.md | 1 - act/09/42.md | 1 - act/09/43.md | 1 - act/09/intro.md | 11 ++-- act/10/01.md | 1 - act/10/02.md | 1 - act/10/03.md | 1 - act/10/04.md | 1 - act/10/05.md | 1 - act/10/06.md | 1 - act/10/07.md | 1 - act/10/08.md | 1 - act/10/09.md | 1 - act/10/10.md | 1 - act/10/11.md | 1 - act/10/12.md | 1 - act/10/13.md | 1 - act/10/14.md | 1 - act/10/15.md | 1 - act/10/16.md | 1 - act/10/17.md | 1 - act/10/18.md | 1 - act/10/19.md | 1 - act/10/20.md | 1 - act/10/21.md | 1 - act/10/22.md | 1 - act/10/23.md | 1 - act/10/24.md | 1 - act/10/25.md | 1 - act/10/26.md | 1 - act/10/27.md | 1 - act/10/28.md | 1 - act/10/29.md | 1 - act/10/30.md | 1 - act/10/31.md | 1 - act/10/32.md | 1 - act/10/33.md | 1 - act/10/34.md | 1 - act/10/35.md | 1 - act/10/36.md | 1 - act/10/37.md | 1 - act/10/38.md | 1 - act/10/39.md | 1 - act/10/40.md | 1 - act/10/41.md | 1 - act/10/42.md | 1 - act/10/43.md | 1 - act/10/44.md | 1 - act/10/45.md | 1 - act/10/47.md | 1 - act/10/48.md | 1 - act/10/intro.md | 7 +-- act/11/01.md | 1 - act/11/02.md | 1 - act/11/03.md | 1 - act/11/04.md | 1 - act/11/05.md | 1 - act/11/06.md | 1 - act/11/07.md | 1 - act/11/08.md | 1 - act/11/09.md | 1 - act/11/10.md | 1 - act/11/11.md | 1 - act/11/12.md | 1 - act/11/13.md | 1 - act/11/14.md | 1 - act/11/15.md | 1 - act/11/16.md | 1 - act/11/17.md | 1 - act/11/18.md | 1 - act/11/19.md | 1 - act/11/20.md | 1 - act/11/21.md | 1 - act/11/22.md | 1 - act/11/23.md | 1 - act/11/24.md | 1 - act/11/25.md | 1 - act/11/26.md | 1 - act/11/27.md | 1 - act/11/28.md | 1 - act/11/29.md | 1 - act/11/30.md | 1 - act/11/intro.md | 5 +- act/12/01.md | 1 - act/12/02.md | 1 - act/12/03.md | 1 - act/12/04.md | 1 - act/12/05.md | 1 - act/12/06.md | 1 - act/12/07.md | 1 - act/12/08.md | 1 - act/12/09.md | 1 - act/12/10.md | 1 - act/12/11.md | 1 - act/12/12.md | 1 - act/12/13.md | 1 - act/12/14.md | 1 - act/12/15.md | 1 - act/12/16.md | 1 - act/12/17.md | 1 - act/12/18.md | 1 - act/12/19.md | 1 - act/12/20.md | 1 - act/12/21.md | 1 - act/12/22.md | 1 - act/12/23.md | 1 - act/12/24.md | 1 - act/12/25.md | 1 - act/12/intro.md | 7 +-- act/13/01.md | 1 - act/13/02.md | 1 - act/13/03.md | 1 - act/13/04.md | 1 - act/13/05.md | 1 - act/13/06.md | 1 - act/13/07.md | 1 - act/13/08.md | 1 - act/13/09.md | 1 - act/13/10.md | 1 - act/13/11.md | 1 - act/13/12.md | 1 - act/13/13.md | 1 - act/13/14.md | 1 - act/13/15.md | 3 +- act/13/16.md | 1 - act/13/17.md | 1 - act/13/18.md | 1 - act/13/19.md | 1 - act/13/20.md | 1 - act/13/21.md | 1 - act/13/22.md | 1 - act/13/23.md | 1 - act/13/24.md | 1 - act/13/25.md | 1 - act/13/26.md | 1 - act/13/27.md | 1 - act/13/28.md | 1 - act/13/29.md | 1 - act/13/30.md | 1 - act/13/31.md | 1 - act/13/32.md | 1 - act/13/33.md | 3 +- act/13/34.md | 1 - act/13/35.md | 1 - act/13/36.md | 1 - act/13/37.md | 1 - act/13/38.md | 1 - act/13/39.md | 5 +- act/13/40.md | 1 - act/13/41.md | 1 - act/13/42.md | 1 - act/13/43.md | 1 - act/13/44.md | 1 - act/13/45.md | 1 - act/13/46.md | 1 - act/13/47.md | 1 - act/13/48.md | 1 - act/13/49.md | 1 - act/13/50.md | 1 - act/13/51.md | 1 - act/13/52.md | 1 - act/13/intro.md | 7 +-- act/14/01.md | 1 - act/14/02.md | 1 - act/14/03.md | 1 - act/14/04.md | 1 - act/14/05.md | 1 - act/14/06.md | 1 - act/14/07.md | 1 - act/14/08.md | 1 - act/14/09.md | 1 - act/14/10.md | 1 - act/14/11.md | 1 - act/14/12.md | 1 - act/14/13.md | 1 - act/14/14.md | 1 - act/14/15.md | 1 - act/14/16.md | 1 - act/14/17.md | 1 - act/14/18.md | 1 - act/14/19.md | 1 - act/14/20.md | 1 - act/14/21.md | 1 - act/14/22.md | 1 - act/14/23.md | 1 - act/14/24.md | 1 - act/14/25.md | 1 - act/14/26.md | 1 - act/14/27.md | 1 - act/14/28.md | 1 - act/14/intro.md | 13 ++-- act/15/01.md | 1 - act/15/02.md | 1 - act/15/03.md | 1 - act/15/04.md | 1 - act/15/05.md | 1 - act/15/06.md | 1 - act/15/07.md | 1 - act/15/08.md | 1 - act/15/09.md | 1 - act/15/10.md | 1 - act/15/11.md | 1 - act/15/12.md | 1 - act/15/13.md | 1 - act/15/14.md | 1 - act/15/15.md | 1 - act/15/16.md | 1 - act/15/17.md | 1 - act/15/18.md | 1 - act/15/19.md | 1 - act/15/20.md | 1 - act/15/21.md | 1 - act/15/23.md | 1 - act/15/24.md | 1 - act/15/25.md | 1 - act/15/26.md | 1 - act/15/27.md | 1 - act/15/28.md | 1 - act/15/29.md | 1 - act/15/30.md | 1 - act/15/31.md | 1 - act/15/32.md | 1 - act/15/33.md | 1 - act/15/34.md | 1 - act/15/35.md | 1 - act/15/36.md | 1 - act/15/37.md | 1 - act/15/38.md | 1 - act/15/39.md | 1 - act/15/40.md | 1 - act/15/41.md | 1 - act/15/intro.md | 11 ++-- act/16/01.md | 1 - act/16/02.md | 1 - act/16/03.md | 1 - act/16/04.md | 2 - act/16/05.md | 1 - act/16/06.md | 1 - act/16/07.md | 1 - act/16/08.md | 1 - act/16/09.md | 1 - act/16/10.md | 1 - act/16/11.md | 1 - act/16/12.md | 1 - act/16/13.md | 1 - act/16/14.md | 1 - act/16/15.md | 1 - act/16/16.md | 1 - act/16/17.md | 1 - act/16/18.md | 1 - act/16/19.md | 1 - act/16/20.md | 1 - act/16/21.md | 1 - act/16/22.md | 1 - act/16/23.md | 1 - act/16/24.md | 1 - act/16/25.md | 1 - act/16/26.md | 1 - act/16/27.md | 1 - act/16/28.md | 1 - act/16/29.md | 1 - act/16/30.md | 1 - act/16/31.md | 1 - act/16/32.md | 1 - act/16/33.md | 1 - act/16/34.md | 1 - act/16/35.md | 1 - act/16/36.md | 1 - act/16/37.md | 1 - act/16/38.md | 1 - act/16/39.md | 1 - act/16/40.md | 1 - act/16/intro.md | 7 +-- act/17/01.md | 1 - act/17/02.md | 1 - act/17/03.md | 1 - act/17/04.md | 1 - act/17/05.md | 1 - act/17/06.md | 1 - act/17/07.md | 1 - act/17/08.md | 1 - act/17/09.md | 1 - act/17/10.md | 1 - act/17/11.md | 1 - act/17/12.md | 1 - act/17/13.md | 1 - act/17/14.md | 1 - act/17/15.md | 1 - act/17/16.md | 1 - act/17/17.md | 1 - act/17/18.md | 1 - act/17/19.md | 1 - act/17/20.md | 1 - act/17/21.md | 1 - act/17/22.md | 1 - act/17/23.md | 1 - act/17/24.md | 1 - act/17/25.md | 1 - act/17/26.md | 1 - act/17/27.md | 1 - act/17/28.md | 1 - act/17/29.md | 1 - act/17/30.md | 1 - act/17/31.md | 1 - act/17/32.md | 1 - act/17/33.md | 1 - act/17/34.md | 1 - act/17/intro.md | 7 +-- act/18/01.md | 1 - act/18/02.md | 1 - act/18/03.md | 1 - act/18/04.md | 1 - act/18/05.md | 1 - act/18/06.md | 1 - act/18/07.md | 1 - act/18/08.md | 1 - act/18/09.md | 1 - act/18/10.md | 1 - act/18/11.md | 1 - act/18/12.md | 1 - act/18/13.md | 1 - act/18/14.md | 1 - act/18/15.md | 1 - act/18/16.md | 1 - act/18/17.md | 1 - act/18/18.md | 1 - act/18/19.md | 1 - act/18/20.md | 1 - act/18/21.md | 1 - act/18/22.md | 1 - act/18/23.md | 1 - act/18/24.md | 1 - act/18/25.md | 1 - act/18/26.md | 1 - act/18/27.md | 1 - act/18/28.md | 1 - act/18/intro.md | 5 +- act/19/01.md | 1 - act/19/02.md | 1 - act/19/03.md | 1 - act/19/04.md | 1 - act/19/05.md | 1 - act/19/06.md | 1 - act/19/07.md | 1 - act/19/08.md | 1 - act/19/09.md | 1 - act/19/10.md | 1 - act/19/11.md | 1 - act/19/12.md | 1 - act/19/13.md | 1 - act/19/14.md | 1 - act/19/15.md | 1 - act/19/16.md | 1 - act/19/17.md | 1 - act/19/18.md | 1 - act/19/19.md | 1 - act/19/20.md | 1 - act/19/21.md | 1 - act/19/22.md | 1 - act/19/23.md | 1 - act/19/24.md | 1 - act/19/25.md | 1 - act/19/26.md | 1 - act/19/27.md | 1 - act/19/28.md | 1 - act/19/29.md | 1 - act/19/30.md | 1 - act/19/31.md | 1 - act/19/32.md | 1 - act/19/33.md | 1 - act/19/34.md | 1 - act/19/35.md | 1 - act/19/36.md | 1 - act/19/37.md | 1 - act/19/38.md | 1 - act/19/39.md | 1 - act/19/40.md | 1 - act/19/intro.md | 7 +-- act/20/01.md | 1 - act/20/02.md | 1 - act/20/03.md | 1 - act/20/04.md | 1 - act/20/05.md | 1 - act/20/06.md | 1 - act/20/07.md | 1 - act/20/08.md | 1 - act/20/09.md | 1 - act/20/10.md | 2 +- act/20/11.md | 1 - act/20/12.md | 1 - act/20/13.md | 1 - act/20/14.md | 3 +- act/20/15.md | 1 - act/20/16.md | 1 - act/20/17.md | 1 - act/20/18.md | 1 - act/20/19.md | 1 - act/20/20.md | 1 - act/20/21.md | 2 +- act/20/22.md | 1 - act/20/23.md | 1 - act/20/24.md | 1 - act/20/25.md | 1 - act/20/26.md | 1 - act/20/27.md | 1 - act/20/28.md | 1 - act/20/29.md | 1 - act/20/30.md | 1 - act/20/31.md | 1 - act/20/32.md | 1 - act/20/33.md | 1 - act/20/34.md | 1 - act/20/35.md | 1 - act/20/36.md | 1 - act/20/37.md | 1 - act/20/38.md | 1 - act/20/intro.md | 9 ++- act/21/01.md | 1 - act/21/02.md | 1 - act/21/03.md | 1 - act/21/04.md | 1 - act/21/05.md | 1 - act/21/06.md | 1 - act/21/07.md | 1 - act/21/08.md | 1 - act/21/09.md | 1 - act/21/10.md | 1 - act/21/11.md | 1 - act/21/12.md | 1 - act/21/13.md | 1 - act/21/14.md | 1 - act/21/15.md | 1 - act/21/16.md | 1 - act/21/17.md | 1 - act/21/18.md | 1 - act/21/19.md | 1 - act/21/20.md | 1 - act/21/21.md | 1 - act/21/22.md | 3 +- act/21/23.md | 2 +- act/21/24.md | 2 +- act/21/25.md | 1 - act/21/26.md | 1 - act/21/27.md | 1 - act/21/28.md | 1 - act/21/29.md | 1 - act/21/30.md | 1 - act/21/32.md | 1 - act/21/33.md | 1 - act/21/34.md | 1 - act/21/35.md | 1 - act/21/36.md | 1 - act/21/37.md | 1 - act/21/38.md | 1 - act/21/39.md | 1 - act/21/40.md | 1 - act/21/intro.md | 16 ++--- act/22/01.md | 1 - act/22/02.md | 1 - act/22/03.md | 1 - act/22/04.md | 1 - act/22/05.md | 1 - act/22/06.md | 1 - act/22/07.md | 1 - act/22/08.md | 1 - act/22/09.md | 1 - act/22/10.md | 1 - act/22/11.md | 1 - act/22/12.md | 1 - act/22/13.md | 1 - act/22/14.md | 1 - act/22/15.md | 1 - act/22/16.md | 1 - act/22/17.md | 1 - act/22/18.md | 1 - act/22/19.md | 1 - act/22/20.md | 1 - act/22/21.md | 1 - act/22/22.md | 1 - act/22/23.md | 1 - act/22/24.md | 2 +- act/22/25.md | 1 - act/22/26.md | 1 - act/22/27.md | 1 - act/22/28.md | 1 - act/22/29.md | 1 - act/22/30.md | 1 - act/22/intro.md | 13 ++-- act/23/01.md | 1 - act/23/02.md | 1 - act/23/03.md | 1 - act/23/04.md | 1 - act/23/05.md | 1 - act/23/06.md | 1 - act/23/07.md | 1 - act/23/08.md | 1 - act/23/09.md | 1 - act/23/10.md | 1 - act/23/11.md | 1 - act/23/12.md | 1 - act/23/13.md | 1 - act/23/14.md | 1 - act/23/15.md | 1 - act/23/16.md | 1 - act/23/17.md | 1 - act/23/18.md | 1 - act/23/19.md | 1 - act/23/20.md | 1 - act/23/21.md | 1 - act/23/22.md | 1 - act/23/23.md | 1 - act/23/24.md | 1 - act/23/25.md | 1 - act/23/26.md | 2 +- act/23/27.md | 1 - act/23/28.md | 1 - act/23/29.md | 1 - act/23/30.md | 1 - act/23/31.md | 1 - act/23/32.md | 1 - act/23/33.md | 1 - act/23/34.md | 2 - act/23/35.md | 1 - act/23/intro.md | 15 +++-- act/24/01.md | 1 - act/24/02.md | 1 - act/24/03.md | 1 - act/24/04.md | 1 - act/24/05.md | 1 - act/24/06.md | 1 - act/24/07.md | 1 - act/24/08.md | 1 - act/24/09.md | 1 - act/24/10.md | 1 - act/24/11.md | 1 - act/24/12.md | 1 - act/24/13.md | 1 - act/24/14.md | 2 +- act/24/15.md | 1 - act/24/16.md | 1 - act/24/17.md | 1 - act/24/18.md | 1 - act/24/19.md | 1 - act/24/20.md | 1 - act/24/21.md | 1 - act/24/22.md | 1 - act/24/23.md | 1 - act/24/24.md | 1 - act/24/25.md | 1 - act/24/26.md | 1 - act/24/27.md | 1 - act/24/intro.md | 11 ++-- act/25/01.md | 1 - act/25/02.md | 1 - act/25/03.md | 1 - act/25/04.md | 1 - act/25/05.md | 1 - act/25/06.md | 1 - act/25/07.md | 1 - act/25/08.md | 1 - act/25/09.md | 1 - act/25/10.md | 1 - act/25/11.md | 1 - act/25/12.md | 1 - act/25/13.md | 1 - act/25/14.md | 2 +- act/25/15.md | 1 - act/25/16.md | 1 - act/25/17.md | 1 - act/25/18.md | 1 - act/25/19.md | 1 - act/25/20.md | 1 - act/25/21.md | 1 - act/25/22.md | 1 - act/25/23.md | 1 - act/25/24.md | 1 - act/25/25.md | 1 - act/25/26.md | 1 - act/25/27.md | 1 - act/25/intro.md | 7 +-- act/26/01.md | 1 - act/26/02.md | 1 - act/26/03.md | 1 - act/26/04.md | 1 - act/26/05.md | 1 - act/26/06.md | 1 - act/26/07.md | 1 - act/26/08.md | 1 - act/26/09.md | 1 - act/26/10.md | 1 - act/26/11.md | 1 - act/26/12.md | 1 - act/26/13.md | 1 - act/26/14.md | 1 - act/26/15.md | 1 - act/26/16.md | 1 - act/26/17.md | 1 - act/26/18.md | 1 - act/26/19.md | 1 - act/26/20.md | 1 - act/26/21.md | 1 - act/26/22.md | 1 - act/26/23.md | 1 - act/26/24.md | 1 - act/26/25.md | 1 - act/26/26.md | 1 - act/26/27.md | 1 - act/26/28.md | 1 - act/26/29.md | 1 - act/26/30.md | 1 - act/26/31.md | 1 - act/26/32.md | 1 - act/26/intro.md | 7 +-- act/27/01.md | 2 +- act/27/02.md | 1 - act/27/03.md | 1 - act/27/04.md | 1 - act/27/05.md | 1 - act/27/06.md | 1 - act/27/07.md | 1 - act/27/08.md | 1 - act/27/09.md | 1 - act/27/10.md | 3 +- act/27/11.md | 1 - act/27/12.md | 1 - act/27/13.md | 1 - act/27/14.md | 1 - act/27/15.md | 1 - act/27/16.md | 1 - act/27/17.md | 1 - act/27/18.md | 1 - act/27/19.md | 1 - act/27/20.md | 1 - act/27/21.md | 1 - act/27/22.md | 1 - act/27/23.md | 1 - act/27/24.md | 1 - act/27/25.md | 1 - act/27/26.md | 1 - act/27/27.md | 1 - act/27/28.md | 1 - act/27/29.md | 1 - act/27/30.md | 1 - act/27/31.md | 1 - act/27/32.md | 1 - act/27/33.md | 1 - act/27/34.md | 1 - act/27/35.md | 1 - act/27/36.md | 1 - act/27/37.md | 1 - act/27/38.md | 1 - act/27/39.md | 1 - act/27/40.md | 1 - act/27/41.md | 1 - act/27/42.md | 1 - act/27/43.md | 1 - act/27/44.md | 1 - act/27/intro.md | 11 ++-- act/28/01.md | 1 - act/28/02.md | 1 - act/28/03.md | 1 - act/28/04.md | 1 - act/28/05.md | 1 - act/28/06.md | 3 +- act/28/07.md | 1 - act/28/08.md | 1 - act/28/09.md | 1 - act/28/10.md | 1 - act/28/11.md | 1 - act/28/12.md | 1 - act/28/13.md | 1 - act/28/14.md | 1 - act/28/15.md | 1 - act/28/16.md | 1 - act/28/17.md | 1 - act/28/18.md | 1 - act/28/19.md | 1 - act/28/20.md | 1 - act/28/21.md | 1 - act/28/22.md | 1 - act/28/23.md | 1 - act/28/24.md | 1 - act/28/25.md | 1 - act/28/26.md | 1 - act/28/27.md | 1 - act/28/28.md | 1 - act/28/29.md | 1 - act/28/30.md | 1 - act/28/31.md | 1 - act/28/intro.md | 13 ++-- act/front/intro.md | 10 +-- amo/01/01.md | 1 - amo/01/02.md | 1 - amo/01/03.md | 1 - amo/01/04.md | 1 - amo/01/05.md | 1 - amo/01/06.md | 1 - amo/01/07.md | 1 - amo/01/08.md | 1 - amo/01/09.md | 1 - amo/01/10.md | 1 - amo/01/11.md | 1 - amo/01/12.md | 1 - amo/01/13.md | 1 - amo/01/14.md | 1 - amo/01/15.md | 1 - amo/01/intro.md | 10 +-- amo/02/01.md | 1 - amo/02/02.md | 1 - amo/02/03.md | 1 - amo/02/04.md | 1 - amo/02/05.md | 1 - amo/02/06.md | 1 - amo/02/07.md | 1 - amo/02/08.md | 1 - amo/02/09.md | 1 - amo/02/10.md | 1 - amo/02/11.md | 1 - amo/02/12.md | 1 - amo/02/13.md | 1 - amo/02/14.md | 1 - amo/02/15.md | 1 - amo/02/16.md | 1 - amo/02/intro.md | 12 ++-- amo/03/01.md | 1 - amo/03/02.md | 1 - amo/03/03.md | 1 - amo/03/04.md | 1 - amo/03/05.md | 1 - amo/03/06.md | 1 - amo/03/07.md | 1 - amo/03/08.md | 1 - amo/03/09.md | 1 - amo/03/10.md | 1 - amo/03/11.md | 1 - amo/03/12.md | 1 - amo/03/13.md | 1 - amo/03/14.md | 1 - amo/03/15.md | 1 - amo/03/intro.md | 10 +-- amo/04/01.md | 1 - amo/04/02.md | 1 - amo/04/03.md | 1 - amo/04/04.md | 1 - amo/04/05.md | 1 - amo/04/06.md | 1 - amo/04/07.md | 1 - amo/04/08.md | 1 - amo/04/09.md | 1 - amo/04/10.md | 1 - amo/04/11.md | 1 - amo/04/12.md | 1 - amo/04/13.md | 1 - amo/04/intro.md | 10 +-- amo/05/01.md | 1 - amo/05/02.md | 1 - amo/05/03.md | 1 - amo/05/04.md | 1 - amo/05/05.md | 1 - amo/05/06.md | 1 - amo/05/07.md | 1 - amo/05/08.md | 1 - amo/05/09.md | 1 - amo/05/10.md | 1 - amo/05/11.md | 1 - amo/05/12.md | 1 - amo/05/13.md | 1 - amo/05/14.md | 1 - amo/05/15.md | 1 - amo/05/16.md | 1 - amo/05/17.md | 1 - amo/05/18.md | 1 - amo/05/19.md | 1 - amo/05/20.md | 1 - amo/05/21.md | 1 - amo/05/22.md | 1 - amo/05/23.md | 1 - amo/05/24.md | 1 - amo/05/25.md | 1 - amo/05/26.md | 1 - amo/05/27.md | 1 - amo/05/intro.md | 15 ++--- amo/06/01.md | 1 - amo/06/02.md | 1 - amo/06/03.md | 1 - amo/06/04.md | 1 - amo/06/05.md | 1 - amo/06/06.md | 1 - amo/06/07.md | 1 - amo/06/08.md | 1 - amo/06/09.md | 1 - amo/06/10.md | 1 - amo/06/11.md | 1 - amo/06/12.md | 1 - amo/06/13.md | 1 - amo/06/14.md | 1 - amo/06/intro.md | 9 ++- amo/07/01.md | 1 - amo/07/02.md | 1 - amo/07/03.md | 1 - amo/07/04.md | 1 - amo/07/05.md | 1 - amo/07/06.md | 1 - amo/07/07.md | 1 - amo/07/08.md | 1 - amo/07/09.md | 1 - amo/07/10.md | 1 - amo/07/11.md | 1 - amo/07/12.md | 1 - amo/07/13.md | 1 - amo/07/14.md | 1 - amo/07/15.md | 1 - amo/07/16.md | 1 - amo/07/17.md | 1 - amo/07/intro.md | 8 +-- amo/08/01.md | 1 - amo/08/02.md | 1 - amo/08/03.md | 1 - amo/08/04.md | 1 - amo/08/05.md | 1 - amo/08/06.md | 1 - amo/08/07.md | 1 - amo/08/08.md | 1 - amo/08/09.md | 1 - amo/08/10.md | 1 - amo/08/11.md | 1 - amo/08/12.md | 1 - amo/08/13.md | 1 - amo/08/14.md | 1 - amo/08/intro.md | 7 +-- amo/09/01.md | 1 - amo/09/02.md | 1 - amo/09/03.md | 1 - amo/09/04.md | 1 - amo/09/05.md | 1 - amo/09/06.md | 1 - amo/09/07.md | 1 - amo/09/08.md | 1 - amo/09/09.md | 1 - amo/09/10.md | 1 - amo/09/11.md | 1 - amo/09/12.md | 1 - amo/09/13.md | 1 - amo/09/14.md | 1 - amo/09/15.md | 1 - amo/09/intro.md | 8 +-- amo/front/intro.md | 15 ++--- col/01/01.md | 1 - col/01/02.md | 1 - col/01/03.md | 1 - col/01/04.md | 1 - col/01/05.md | 1 - col/01/06.md | 1 - col/01/07.md | 1 - col/01/08.md | 1 - col/01/09.md | 1 - col/01/10.md | 1 - col/01/11.md | 1 - col/01/12.md | 1 - col/01/13.md | 1 - col/01/14.md | 1 - col/01/15.md | 1 - col/01/16.md | 1 - col/01/17.md | 1 - col/01/18.md | 1 - col/01/19.md | 1 - col/01/20.md | 1 - col/01/21.md | 1 - col/01/22.md | 1 - col/01/23.md | 1 - col/01/24.md | 1 - col/01/25.md | 1 - col/01/26.md | 1 - col/01/27.md | 1 - col/01/28.md | 1 - col/01/29.md | 1 - col/01/intro.md | 19 +++--- col/02/01.md | 1 - col/02/02.md | 1 - col/02/03.md | 1 - col/02/04.md | 1 - col/02/05.md | 1 - col/02/06.md | 1 - col/02/07.md | 1 - col/02/08.md | 1 - col/02/09.md | 3 +- col/02/10.md | 1 - col/02/11.md | 1 - col/02/12.md | 1 - col/02/13.md | 1 - col/02/15.md | 1 - col/02/16.md | 1 - col/02/17.md | 1 - col/02/18.md | 1 - col/02/19.md | 1 - col/02/20.md | 1 - col/02/21.md | 1 - col/02/22.md | 1 - col/02/23.md | 1 - col/02/intro.md | 15 ++--- col/03/01.md | 1 - col/03/02.md | 1 - col/03/03.md | 1 - col/03/04.md | 1 - col/03/05.md | 3 +- col/03/06.md | 1 - col/03/07.md | 1 - col/03/08.md | 1 - col/03/09.md | 1 - col/03/10.md | 1 - col/03/11.md | 1 - col/03/12.md | 1 - col/03/13.md | 1 - col/03/14.md | 1 - col/03/15.md | 1 - col/03/16.md | 1 - col/03/17.md | 1 - col/03/18.md | 1 - col/03/19.md | 1 - col/03/20.md | 1 - col/03/21.md | 1 - col/03/22.md | 1 - col/03/23.md | 1 - col/03/24.md | 1 - col/03/25.md | 1 - col/03/intro.md | 19 +++--- col/04/01.md | 1 - col/04/02.md | 1 - col/04/03.md | 1 - col/04/04.md | 1 - col/04/05.md | 1 - col/04/06.md | 1 - col/04/07.md | 1 - col/04/08.md | 1 - col/04/09.md | 1 - col/04/10.md | 1 - col/04/11.md | 1 - col/04/12.md | 1 - col/04/13.md | 1 - col/04/14.md | 1 - col/04/15.md | 1 - col/04/16.md | 1 - col/04/17.md | 1 - col/04/18.md | 1 - col/04/intro.md | 14 ++--- col/front/intro.md | 44 +++++++------ dan/01/01.md | 1 - dan/01/02.md | 1 - dan/01/03.md | 1 - dan/01/05.md | 1 - dan/01/06.md | 1 - dan/01/07.md | 1 - dan/01/08.md | 1 - dan/01/09.md | 1 - dan/01/10.md | 1 - dan/01/11.md | 1 - dan/01/12.md | 1 - dan/01/13.md | 1 - dan/01/14.md | 1 - dan/01/15.md | 1 - dan/01/16.md | 1 - dan/01/17.md | 1 - dan/01/18.md | 1 - dan/01/19.md | 1 - dan/01/20.md | 1 - dan/01/21.md | 1 - dan/01/intro.md | 13 ++-- dan/02/01.md | 1 - dan/02/02.md | 1 - dan/02/03.md | 1 - dan/02/04.md | 1 - dan/02/05.md | 1 - dan/02/06.md | 1 - dan/02/07.md | 1 - dan/02/08.md | 1 - dan/02/09.md | 1 - dan/02/10.md | 1 - dan/02/11.md | 1 - dan/02/12.md | 1 - dan/02/13.md | 1 - dan/02/14.md | 1 - dan/02/15.md | 1 - dan/02/16.md | 1 - dan/02/17.md | 1 - dan/02/18.md | 1 - dan/02/19.md | 1 - dan/02/20.md | 1 - dan/02/21.md | 1 - dan/02/22.md | 1 - dan/02/23.md | 1 - dan/02/24.md | 1 - dan/02/25.md | 1 - dan/02/26.md | 1 - dan/02/27.md | 1 - dan/02/28.md | 1 - dan/02/29.md | 1 - dan/02/30.md | 1 - dan/02/31.md | 1 - dan/02/32.md | 1 - dan/02/33.md | 1 - dan/02/34.md | 1 - dan/02/35.md | 1 - dan/02/36.md | 1 - dan/02/37.md | 1 - dan/02/38.md | 1 - dan/02/39.md | 1 - dan/02/40.md | 1 - dan/02/41.md | 1 - dan/02/42.md | 1 - dan/02/43.md | 1 - dan/02/44.md | 1 - dan/02/45.md | 1 - dan/02/46.md | 1 - dan/02/47.md | 1 - dan/02/48.md | 1 - dan/02/49.md | 1 - dan/02/intro.md | 9 ++- dan/03/01.md | 1 - dan/03/02.md | 1 - dan/03/03.md | 1 - dan/03/04.md | 1 - dan/03/05.md | 1 - dan/03/06.md | 1 - dan/03/07.md | 1 - dan/03/08.md | 1 - dan/03/09.md | 1 - dan/03/10.md | 1 - dan/03/11.md | 1 - dan/03/12.md | 1 - dan/03/13.md | 1 - dan/03/14.md | 1 - dan/03/15.md | 1 - dan/03/16.md | 1 - dan/03/17.md | 1 - dan/03/18.md | 1 - dan/03/19.md | 1 - dan/03/20.md | 1 - dan/03/21.md | 1 - dan/03/22.md | 1 - dan/03/23.md | 1 - dan/03/24.md | 1 - dan/03/25.md | 1 - dan/03/26.md | 1 - dan/03/27.md | 1 - dan/03/28.md | 1 - dan/03/29.md | 1 - dan/03/30.md | 1 - dan/03/intro.md | 9 ++- dan/04/01.md | 1 - dan/04/02.md | 1 - dan/04/03.md | 1 - dan/04/04.md | 1 - dan/04/05.md | 1 - dan/04/06.md | 1 - dan/04/07.md | 1 - dan/04/08.md | 1 - dan/04/09.md | 1 - dan/04/10.md | 1 - dan/04/11.md | 1 - dan/04/12.md | 3 +- dan/04/13.md | 1 - dan/04/14.md | 1 - dan/04/15.md | 1 - dan/04/16.md | 1 - dan/04/17.md | 1 - dan/04/18.md | 1 - dan/04/19.md | 1 - dan/04/20.md | 1 - dan/04/21.md | 2 +- dan/04/22.md | 1 - dan/04/23.md | 3 +- dan/04/24.md | 1 - dan/04/25.md | 3 +- dan/04/26.md | 1 - dan/04/27.md | 1 - dan/04/28.md | 1 - dan/04/29.md | 1 - dan/04/30.md | 1 - dan/04/31.md | 1 - dan/04/32.md | 3 +- dan/04/33.md | 1 - dan/04/34.md | 1 - dan/04/35.md | 1 - dan/04/36.md | 1 - dan/04/37.md | 1 - dan/04/intro.md | 9 ++- dan/05/01.md | 1 - dan/05/02.md | 1 - dan/05/03.md | 1 - dan/05/04.md | 1 - dan/05/05.md | 1 - dan/05/06.md | 1 - dan/05/07.md | 1 - dan/05/08.md | 1 - dan/05/09.md | 1 - dan/05/10.md | 1 - dan/05/11.md | 1 - dan/05/12.md | 1 - dan/05/13.md | 1 - dan/05/14.md | 1 - dan/05/15.md | 1 - dan/05/16.md | 1 - dan/05/17.md | 1 - dan/05/18.md | 1 - dan/05/19.md | 1 - dan/05/20.md | 1 - dan/05/21.md | 1 - dan/05/22.md | 1 - dan/05/23.md | 1 - dan/05/24.md | 1 - dan/05/25.md | 1 - dan/05/26.md | 1 - dan/05/27.md | 1 - dan/05/28.md | 1 - dan/05/29.md | 1 - dan/05/30.md | 1 - dan/05/31.md | 1 - dan/05/intro.md | 13 ++-- dan/06/01.md | 1 - dan/06/02.md | 1 - dan/06/03.md | 1 - dan/06/04.md | 1 - dan/06/05.md | 1 - dan/06/06.md | 1 - dan/06/07.md | 1 - dan/06/08.md | 1 - dan/06/09.md | 1 - dan/06/10.md | 1 - dan/06/11.md | 1 - dan/06/12.md | 1 - dan/06/13.md | 1 - dan/06/14.md | 1 - dan/06/15.md | 1 - dan/06/16.md | 1 - dan/06/17.md | 1 - dan/06/18.md | 1 - dan/06/19.md | 1 - dan/06/20.md | 1 - dan/06/21.md | 1 - dan/06/22.md | 1 - dan/06/23.md | 1 - dan/06/24.md | 1 - dan/06/25.md | 1 - dan/06/26.md | 1 - dan/06/27.md | 1 - dan/06/28.md | 1 - dan/06/intro.md | 10 +-- dan/07/01.md | 1 - dan/07/02.md | 1 - dan/07/03.md | 1 - dan/07/04.md | 1 - dan/07/05.md | 1 - dan/07/06.md | 1 - dan/07/07.md | 1 - dan/07/08.md | 1 - dan/07/09.md | 1 - dan/07/10.md | 1 - dan/07/11.md | 1 - dan/07/12.md | 1 - dan/07/13.md | 1 - dan/07/14.md | 1 - dan/07/15.md | 1 - dan/07/16.md | 1 - dan/07/17.md | 1 - dan/07/18.md | 1 - dan/07/19.md | 1 - dan/07/20.md | 1 - dan/07/21.md | 1 - dan/07/22.md | 1 - dan/07/23.md | 1 - dan/07/24.md | 1 - dan/07/25.md | 1 - dan/07/26.md | 1 - dan/07/27.md | 1 - dan/07/28.md | 1 - dan/07/intro.md | 11 ++-- dan/08/01.md | 1 - dan/08/02.md | 1 - dan/08/03.md | 1 - dan/08/04.md | 1 - dan/08/05.md | 1 - dan/08/06.md | 1 - dan/08/07.md | 1 - dan/08/08.md | 1 - dan/08/09.md | 1 - dan/08/10.md | 1 - dan/08/11.md | 1 - dan/08/12.md | 1 - dan/08/13.md | 1 - dan/08/14.md | 1 - dan/08/15.md | 1 - dan/08/16.md | 1 - dan/08/17.md | 1 - dan/08/18.md | 1 - dan/08/19.md | 1 - dan/08/20.md | 1 - dan/08/21.md | 1 - dan/08/22.md | 1 - dan/08/23.md | 1 - dan/08/24.md | 1 - dan/08/25.md | 1 - dan/08/26.md | 1 - dan/08/27.md | 1 - dan/08/intro.md | 5 +- dan/09/01.md | 1 - dan/09/02.md | 1 - dan/09/03.md | 1 - dan/09/04.md | 1 - dan/09/05.md | 1 - dan/09/06.md | 1 - dan/09/07.md | 1 - dan/09/08.md | 1 - dan/09/09.md | 1 - dan/09/10.md | 1 - dan/09/11.md | 1 - dan/09/12.md | 1 - dan/09/13.md | 1 - dan/09/14.md | 1 - dan/09/15.md | 1 - dan/09/16.md | 1 - dan/09/17.md | 1 - dan/09/18.md | 1 - dan/09/19.md | 1 - dan/09/20.md | 1 - dan/09/21.md | 1 - dan/09/22.md | 1 - dan/09/23.md | 1 - dan/09/24.md | 1 - dan/09/25.md | 1 - dan/09/26.md | 1 - dan/09/27.md | 1 - dan/09/intro.md | 8 +-- dan/10/01.md | 1 - dan/10/02.md | 1 - dan/10/03.md | 1 - dan/10/04.md | 1 - dan/10/05.md | 1 - dan/10/06.md | 1 - dan/10/07.md | 1 - dan/10/08.md | 1 - dan/10/09.md | 1 - dan/10/10.md | 1 - dan/10/11.md | 1 - dan/10/12.md | 1 - dan/10/13.md | 1 - dan/10/14.md | 1 - dan/10/15.md | 1 - dan/10/16.md | 1 - dan/10/17.md | 1 - dan/10/18.md | 1 - dan/10/19.md | 1 - dan/10/20.md | 1 - dan/10/21.md | 1 - dan/10/intro.md | 3 +- dan/11/01.md | 1 - dan/11/02.md | 1 - dan/11/03.md | 1 - dan/11/04.md | 1 - dan/11/05.md | 1 - dan/11/06.md | 1 - dan/11/07.md | 1 - dan/11/08.md | 1 - dan/11/09.md | 1 - dan/11/10.md | 1 - dan/11/11.md | 1 - dan/11/12.md | 1 - dan/11/13.md | 1 - dan/11/14.md | 1 - dan/11/15.md | 1 - dan/11/16.md | 1 - dan/11/17.md | 1 - dan/11/18.md | 1 - dan/11/19.md | 1 - dan/11/20.md | 1 - dan/11/21.md | 1 - dan/11/22.md | 1 - dan/11/23.md | 1 - dan/11/24.md | 1 - dan/11/25.md | 1 - dan/11/26.md | 1 - dan/11/27.md | 1 - dan/11/28.md | 1 - dan/11/29.md | 1 - dan/11/30.md | 1 - dan/11/31.md | 1 - dan/11/32.md | 1 - dan/11/33.md | 1 - dan/11/34.md | 1 - dan/11/35.md | 1 - dan/11/36.md | 1 - dan/11/37.md | 1 - dan/11/38.md | 1 - dan/11/39.md | 1 - dan/11/40.md | 1 - dan/11/41.md | 1 - dan/11/42.md | 1 - dan/11/43.md | 1 - dan/11/44.md | 1 - dan/11/45.md | 1 - dan/11/intro.md | 3 +- dan/12/01.md | 1 - dan/12/02.md | 1 - dan/12/03.md | 1 - dan/12/04.md | 1 - dan/12/05.md | 1 - dan/12/06.md | 1 - dan/12/07.md | 1 - dan/12/08.md | 1 - dan/12/09.md | 1 - dan/12/10.md | 1 - dan/12/11.md | 1 - dan/12/12.md | 1 - dan/12/13.md | 1 - dan/12/intro.md | 3 +- dan/front/intro.md | 3 +- deu/01/01.md | 1 - deu/01/02.md | 1 - deu/01/03.md | 1 - deu/01/04.md | 1 - deu/01/05.md | 1 - deu/01/06.md | 1 - deu/01/07.md | 1 - deu/01/08.md | 1 - deu/01/09.md | 1 - deu/01/10.md | 1 - deu/01/11.md | 1 - deu/01/12.md | 1 - deu/01/13.md | 1 - deu/01/14.md | 1 - deu/01/15.md | 1 - deu/01/16.md | 1 - deu/01/17.md | 1 - deu/01/18.md | 1 - deu/01/19.md | 1 - deu/01/20.md | 1 - deu/01/21.md | 1 - deu/01/22.md | 1 - deu/01/23.md | 1 - deu/01/24.md | 1 - deu/01/25.md | 1 - deu/01/26.md | 1 - deu/01/27.md | 1 - deu/01/28.md | 1 - deu/01/29.md | 1 - deu/01/30.md | 1 - deu/01/31.md | 1 - deu/01/32.md | 1 - deu/01/33.md | 1 - deu/01/34.md | 1 - deu/01/35.md | 1 - deu/01/36.md | 1 - deu/01/37.md | 1 - deu/01/38.md | 1 - deu/01/39.md | 1 - deu/01/40.md | 1 - deu/01/41.md | 1 - deu/01/42.md | 1 - deu/01/43.md | 1 - deu/01/44.md | 1 - deu/01/45.md | 1 - deu/01/46.md | 1 - deu/01/intro.md | 13 ++-- deu/02/01.md | 1 - deu/02/02.md | 1 - deu/02/03.md | 1 - deu/02/04.md | 1 - deu/02/05.md | 1 - deu/02/06.md | 1 - deu/02/07.md | 1 - deu/02/08.md | 1 - deu/02/09.md | 1 - deu/02/10.md | 1 - deu/02/11.md | 1 - deu/02/12.md | 1 - deu/02/13.md | 1 - deu/02/14.md | 1 - deu/02/15.md | 1 - deu/02/16.md | 1 - deu/02/17.md | 1 - deu/02/18.md | 1 - deu/02/19.md | 1 - deu/02/20.md | 1 - deu/02/21.md | 1 - deu/02/22.md | 1 - deu/02/23.md | 1 - deu/02/24.md | 1 - deu/02/25.md | 1 - deu/02/26.md | 1 - deu/02/27.md | 1 - deu/02/28.md | 1 - deu/02/29.md | 1 - deu/02/31.md | 1 - deu/02/32.md | 1 - deu/02/33.md | 1 - deu/02/34.md | 1 - deu/02/35.md | 1 - deu/02/36.md | 1 - deu/02/37.md | 1 - deu/02/intro.md | 6 +- deu/03/01.md | 1 - deu/03/02.md | 1 - deu/03/03.md | 3 +- deu/03/04.md | 1 - deu/03/05.md | 1 - deu/03/06.md | 1 - deu/03/07.md | 1 - deu/03/08.md | 1 - deu/03/09.md | 1 - deu/03/10.md | 1 - deu/03/11.md | 1 - deu/03/12.md | 1 - deu/03/13.md | 1 - deu/03/14.md | 1 - deu/03/15.md | 1 - deu/03/16.md | 1 - deu/03/17.md | 1 - deu/03/18.md | 1 - deu/03/19.md | 1 - deu/03/20.md | 1 - deu/03/21.md | 1 - deu/03/22.md | 1 - deu/03/23.md | 1 - deu/03/24.md | 1 - deu/03/25.md | 1 - deu/03/26.md | 1 - deu/03/27.md | 1 - deu/03/28.md | 1 - deu/03/29.md | 1 - deu/03/intro.md | 6 +- deu/04/01.md | 1 - deu/04/02.md | 1 - deu/04/03.md | 1 - deu/04/04.md | 1 - deu/04/05.md | 1 - deu/04/06.md | 1 - deu/04/07.md | 1 - deu/04/08.md | 1 - deu/04/09.md | 1 - deu/04/10.md | 1 - deu/04/11.md | 1 - deu/04/12.md | 1 - deu/04/13.md | 1 - deu/04/14.md | 1 - deu/04/15.md | 1 - deu/04/16.md | 1 - deu/04/17.md | 1 - deu/04/18.md | 1 - deu/04/19.md | 1 - deu/04/20.md | 1 - deu/04/21.md | 1 - deu/04/22.md | 1 - deu/04/23.md | 1 - deu/04/24.md | 1 - deu/04/25.md | 1 - deu/04/26.md | 1 - deu/04/27.md | 1 - deu/04/28.md | 1 - deu/04/29.md | 1 - deu/04/30.md | 1 - deu/04/31.md | 1 - deu/04/32.md | 1 - deu/04/33.md | 1 - deu/04/34.md | 1 - deu/04/35.md | 1 - deu/04/36.md | 1 - deu/04/37.md | 1 - deu/04/38.md | 1 - deu/04/39.md | 1 - deu/04/40.md | 1 - deu/04/41.md | 1 - deu/04/42.md | 1 - deu/04/43.md | 1 - deu/04/44.md | 1 - deu/04/45.md | 1 - deu/04/46.md | 1 - deu/04/47.md | 1 - deu/04/48.md | 5 +- deu/04/49.md | 1 - deu/04/intro.md | 14 +++-- deu/05/01.md | 1 - deu/05/02.md | 1 - deu/05/03.md | 1 - deu/05/04.md | 1 - deu/05/05.md | 1 - deu/05/06.md | 1 - deu/05/07.md | 1 - deu/05/08.md | 1 - deu/05/09.md | 1 - deu/05/10.md | 1 - deu/05/11.md | 1 - deu/05/12.md | 1 - deu/05/13.md | 1 - deu/05/14.md | 1 - deu/05/15.md | 1 - deu/05/16.md | 1 - deu/05/17.md | 1 - deu/05/18.md | 1 - deu/05/19.md | 1 - deu/05/20.md | 1 - deu/05/21.md | 1 - deu/05/22.md | 1 - deu/05/23.md | 1 - deu/05/24.md | 1 - deu/05/25.md | 1 - deu/05/26.md | 1 - deu/05/27.md | 1 - deu/05/28.md | 1 - deu/05/29.md | 1 - deu/05/30.md | 1 - deu/05/31.md | 1 - deu/05/32.md | 1 - deu/05/33.md | 1 - deu/05/intro.md | 15 ++--- deu/06/01.md | 1 - deu/06/02.md | 1 - deu/06/03.md | 1 - deu/06/04.md | 1 - deu/06/05.md | 1 - deu/06/06.md | 1 - deu/06/07.md | 1 - deu/06/08.md | 1 - deu/06/09.md | 1 - deu/06/10.md | 1 - deu/06/11.md | 1 - deu/06/12.md | 1 - deu/06/13.md | 1 - deu/06/14.md | 1 - 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ecc/01/10.md | 1 - ecc/01/11.md | 1 - ecc/01/12.md | 1 - ecc/01/13.md | 1 - ecc/01/14.md | 1 - ecc/01/15.md | 1 - ecc/01/16.md | 1 - ecc/01/17.md | 1 - ecc/01/18.md | 1 - ecc/01/intro.md | 8 +-- ecc/02/01.md | 1 - ecc/02/02.md | 1 - ecc/02/03.md | 1 - ecc/02/04.md | 1 - ecc/02/05.md | 1 - ecc/02/06.md | 1 - ecc/02/07.md | 1 - ecc/02/08.md | 1 - ecc/02/09.md | 1 - ecc/02/10.md | 1 - ecc/02/11.md | 1 - ecc/02/12.md | 1 - ecc/02/13.md | 1 - ecc/02/14.md | 1 - ecc/02/15.md | 1 - ecc/02/16.md | 1 - ecc/02/17.md | 1 - ecc/02/18.md | 1 - ecc/02/19.md | 1 - ecc/02/20.md | 1 - ecc/02/21.md | 1 - ecc/02/22.md | 1 - ecc/02/23.md | 1 - ecc/02/24.md | 1 - ecc/02/25.md | 1 - ecc/02/26.md | 1 - ecc/02/intro.md | 13 ++-- ecc/03/01.md | 1 - ecc/03/02.md | 1 - ecc/03/03.md | 1 - ecc/03/04.md | 1 - ecc/03/05.md | 1 - ecc/03/06.md | 1 - ecc/03/07.md | 1 - ecc/03/08.md | 1 - ecc/03/09.md | 1 - ecc/03/10.md | 1 - ecc/03/11.md | 1 - ecc/03/12.md | 1 - ecc/03/13.md | 1 - ecc/03/14.md | 1 - ecc/03/15.md | 1 - ecc/03/16.md | 1 - ecc/03/17.md | 1 - ecc/03/18.md | 1 - ecc/03/19.md | 1 - ecc/03/20.md | 1 - ecc/03/21.md | 1 - ecc/03/22.md | 1 - ecc/03/intro.md | 10 +-- ecc/04/01.md | 1 - ecc/04/02.md | 1 - ecc/04/03.md | 1 - ecc/04/04.md | 1 - ecc/04/05.md | 1 - ecc/04/06.md | 1 - ecc/04/07.md | 1 - ecc/04/08.md | 1 - ecc/04/09.md | 1 - ecc/04/10.md | 1 - ecc/04/11.md | 1 - ecc/04/12.md | 1 - ecc/04/13.md | 1 - ecc/04/14.md | 1 - ecc/04/15.md | 1 - ecc/04/16.md | 1 - ecc/04/intro.md | 8 +-- ecc/05/01.md | 1 - ecc/05/02.md | 1 - ecc/05/03.md | 1 - ecc/05/04.md | 1 - ecc/05/05.md | 1 - ecc/05/06.md | 1 - ecc/05/07.md | 1 - ecc/05/08.md | 1 - ecc/05/09.md | 1 - ecc/05/10.md | 1 - ecc/05/11.md | 1 - ecc/05/12.md | 1 - ecc/05/13.md | 1 - ecc/05/14.md | 1 - ecc/05/15.md | 1 - ecc/05/16.md | 1 - ecc/05/17.md | 1 - ecc/05/18.md | 1 - ecc/05/19.md | 1 - ecc/05/20.md | 1 - ecc/05/intro.md | 10 +-- ecc/06/01.md | 1 - ecc/06/02.md | 1 - ecc/06/03.md | 1 - ecc/06/04.md | 1 - ecc/06/05.md | 1 - ecc/06/06.md | 1 - ecc/06/07.md | 1 - ecc/06/08.md | 1 - ecc/06/09.md | 1 - ecc/06/10.md | 1 - ecc/06/11.md | 1 - ecc/06/12.md | 1 - ecc/06/intro.md | 8 +-- ecc/07/01.md | 1 - ecc/07/02.md | 1 - ecc/07/03.md | 1 - ecc/07/04.md | 1 - ecc/07/05.md | 1 - ecc/07/06.md | 1 - ecc/07/07.md | 1 - ecc/07/08.md | 1 - ecc/07/09.md | 1 - ecc/07/10.md | 1 - ecc/07/11.md | 1 - ecc/07/12.md | 1 - ecc/07/13.md | 1 - ecc/07/14.md | 1 - ecc/07/15.md | 1 - ecc/07/16.md | 1 - ecc/07/17.md | 1 - ecc/07/18.md | 1 - ecc/07/19.md | 1 - ecc/07/20.md | 1 - ecc/07/21.md | 1 - ecc/07/22.md | 1 - ecc/07/23.md | 1 - ecc/07/24.md | 1 - ecc/07/25.md | 1 - ecc/07/26.md | 1 - ecc/07/27.md | 1 - ecc/07/28.md | 1 - ecc/07/29.md | 1 - ecc/07/intro.md | 10 +-- ecc/08/01.md | 1 - ecc/08/02.md | 1 - ecc/08/03.md | 1 - ecc/08/04.md | 1 - ecc/08/05.md | 1 - ecc/08/06.md | 1 - ecc/08/07.md | 1 - ecc/08/08.md | 1 - ecc/08/09.md | 1 - ecc/08/10.md | 1 - ecc/08/11.md | 1 - ecc/08/12.md | 1 - ecc/08/13.md | 1 - ecc/08/14.md | 1 - ecc/08/15.md | 1 - ecc/08/16.md | 1 - ecc/08/17.md | 1 - ecc/08/intro.md | 8 +-- ecc/09/01.md | 1 - ecc/09/02.md | 1 - ecc/09/03.md | 1 - ecc/09/04.md | 1 - ecc/09/05.md | 1 - ecc/09/06.md | 1 - ecc/09/07.md | 1 - ecc/09/08.md | 1 - ecc/09/09.md | 1 - ecc/09/10.md | 1 - ecc/09/11.md | 6 +- ecc/09/12.md | 1 - ecc/09/13.md | 1 - ecc/09/14.md | 1 - ecc/09/15.md | 1 - ecc/09/16.md | 1 - ecc/09/17.md | 1 - ecc/09/18.md | 1 - ecc/09/intro.md | 8 +-- ecc/10/01.md | 1 - ecc/10/02.md | 1 - ecc/10/03.md | 1 - ecc/10/04.md | 1 - ecc/10/05.md | 1 - ecc/10/06.md | 1 - ecc/10/07.md | 1 - ecc/10/08.md | 1 - ecc/10/09.md | 1 - ecc/10/10.md | 1 - ecc/10/11.md | 1 - ecc/10/12.md | 1 - ecc/10/13.md | 1 - ecc/10/14.md | 1 - ecc/10/15.md | 1 - ecc/10/16.md | 1 - ecc/10/17.md | 1 - ecc/10/18.md | 1 - ecc/10/19.md | 1 - ecc/10/20.md | 1 - ecc/10/intro.md | 8 +-- ecc/11/01.md | 1 - ecc/11/02.md | 1 - ecc/11/03.md | 1 - ecc/11/04.md | 2 - ecc/11/05.md | 1 - ecc/11/06.md | 1 - ecc/11/07.md | 1 - ecc/11/08.md | 1 - ecc/11/09.md | 1 - ecc/11/10.md | 3 +- ecc/11/intro.md | 8 +-- ecc/12/01.md | 1 - ecc/12/02.md | 1 - ecc/12/03.md | 1 - ecc/12/04.md | 1 - ecc/12/05.md | 1 - ecc/12/06.md | 1 - ecc/12/07.md | 1 - ecc/12/08.md | 1 - ecc/12/09.md | 1 - ecc/12/10.md | 1 - ecc/12/11.md | 1 - ecc/12/12.md | 1 - ecc/12/13.md | 1 - ecc/12/14.md | 1 - ecc/12/intro.md | 11 ++-- ecc/front/intro.md | 6 +- eph/01/01.md | 1 - eph/01/02.md | 1 - eph/01/03.md | 1 - eph/01/04.md | 1 - eph/01/05.md | 1 - eph/01/06.md | 3 +- eph/01/07.md | 1 - eph/01/08.md | 1 - eph/01/09.md | 1 - eph/01/10.md | 1 - eph/01/11.md | 2 +- eph/01/12.md | 1 - eph/01/13.md | 1 - eph/01/14.md | 1 - eph/01/15.md | 1 - eph/01/16.md | 1 - eph/01/17.md | 1 - eph/01/18.md | 9 ++- eph/01/19.md | 1 - eph/01/20.md | 3 +- eph/01/21.md | 1 - eph/01/22.md | 1 - eph/01/23.md | 1 - eph/01/intro.md | 12 ++-- eph/02/01.md | 1 - eph/02/02.md | 1 - eph/02/03.md | 1 - eph/02/04.md | 1 - eph/02/05.md | 1 - eph/02/06.md | 1 - eph/02/07.md | 1 - eph/02/08.md | 1 - eph/02/09.md | 1 - eph/02/10.md | 1 - eph/02/11.md | 1 - eph/02/12.md | 1 - eph/02/13.md | 1 - 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eph/06/06.md | 1 - eph/06/07.md | 1 - eph/06/08.md | 1 - eph/06/09.md | 1 - eph/06/10.md | 1 - eph/06/11.md | 1 - eph/06/12.md | 1 - eph/06/13.md | 1 - eph/06/14.md | 1 - eph/06/15.md | 1 - eph/06/16.md | 1 - eph/06/17.md | 1 - eph/06/18.md | 1 - eph/06/19.md | 1 - eph/06/20.md | 1 - eph/06/21.md | 2 +- eph/06/22.md | 1 - eph/06/23.md | 1 - eph/06/24.md | 1 - eph/06/intro.md | 11 ++-- eph/front/intro.md | 12 ++-- est/01/01.md | 1 - est/01/02.md | 1 - est/01/03.md | 1 - est/01/04.md | 1 - est/01/05.md | 1 - est/01/06.md | 1 - est/01/07.md | 1 - est/01/08.md | 1 - est/01/09.md | 1 - est/01/10.md | 1 - est/01/11.md | 1 - est/01/12.md | 1 - est/01/13.md | 1 - est/01/14.md | 1 - est/01/15.md | 1 - est/01/16.md | 1 - est/01/17.md | 1 - est/01/18.md | 1 - est/01/19.md | 1 - est/01/20.md | 1 - est/01/21.md | 1 - est/01/22.md | 3 +- est/01/intro.md | 5 +- est/02/01.md | 1 - est/02/02.md | 1 - est/02/03.md | 1 - est/02/04.md | 1 - est/02/05.md | 1 - est/02/06.md | 1 - est/02/07.md | 1 - est/02/08.md | 1 - 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ezr/10/43.md | 1 - ezr/10/44.md | 1 - ezr/10/intro.md | 8 +-- ezr/front/intro.md | 5 +- gal/01/01.md | 1 - gal/01/02.md | 1 - gal/01/03.md | 1 - gal/01/04.md | 1 - gal/01/05.md | 1 - gal/01/06.md | 1 - gal/01/07.md | 1 - gal/01/08.md | 1 - gal/01/09.md | 1 - gal/01/10.md | 1 - gal/01/11.md | 1 - gal/01/12.md | 1 - gal/01/13.md | 1 - gal/01/14.md | 1 - gal/01/15.md | 1 - gal/01/16.md | 1 - gal/01/17.md | 1 - gal/01/18.md | 1 - gal/01/19.md | 1 - gal/01/20.md | 1 - gal/01/21.md | 1 - gal/01/22.md | 1 - gal/01/23.md | 1 - gal/01/24.md | 1 - gal/01/intro.md | 15 ++--- gal/02/01.md | 1 - gal/02/02.md | 1 - gal/02/03.md | 1 - gal/02/04.md | 1 - gal/02/05.md | 1 - gal/02/06.md | 1 - gal/02/07.md | 1 - gal/02/08.md | 1 - gal/02/09.md | 1 - gal/02/10.md | 1 - gal/02/11.md | 1 - gal/02/12.md | 1 - gal/02/13.md | 1 - gal/02/14.md | 1 - gal/02/15.md | 1 - gal/02/16.md | 1 - gal/02/17.md | 1 - gal/02/18.md | 1 - gal/02/19.md | 1 - gal/02/20.md | 1 - gal/02/21.md | 1 - gal/02/intro.md | 17 +++--- gal/03/01.md | 1 - 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gal/04/24.md | 1 - gal/04/25.md | 1 - gal/04/26.md | 1 - gal/04/27.md | 1 - gal/04/28.md | 1 - gal/04/29.md | 1 - gal/04/30.md | 1 - gal/04/31.md | 1 - gal/04/intro.md | 14 +++-- gal/05/01.md | 1 - gal/05/02.md | 1 - gal/05/03.md | 1 - gal/05/04.md | 1 - gal/05/05.md | 1 - gal/05/06.md | 1 - gal/05/07.md | 1 - gal/05/08.md | 1 - gal/05/09.md | 1 - gal/05/10.md | 1 - gal/05/11.md | 1 - gal/05/12.md | 1 - gal/05/13.md | 1 - gal/05/14.md | 1 - gal/05/15.md | 1 - gal/05/16.md | 1 - gal/05/17.md | 1 - gal/05/18.md | 1 - gal/05/19.md | 1 - gal/05/20.md | 1 - gal/05/21.md | 1 - gal/05/22.md | 1 - gal/05/23.md | 1 - gal/05/24.md | 1 - gal/05/25.md | 1 - gal/05/26.md | 1 - gal/05/intro.md | 20 +++--- gal/06/01.md | 1 - gal/06/02.md | 1 - gal/06/03.md | 1 - gal/06/04.md | 1 - gal/06/05.md | 1 - gal/06/06.md | 1 - gal/06/07.md | 1 - gal/06/08.md | 1 - gal/06/09.md | 1 - gal/06/10.md | 1 - gal/06/11.md | 1 - gal/06/12.md | 1 - gal/06/13.md | 1 - gal/06/14.md | 1 - gal/06/15.md | 1 - gal/06/16.md | 1 - gal/06/17.md | 1 - gal/06/18.md | 1 - gal/06/intro.md | 16 ++--- gal/front/intro.md | 3 +- gen/01/01.md | 1 - gen/01/02.md | 1 - gen/01/03.md | 1 - gen/01/04.md | 1 - gen/01/05.md | 1 - gen/01/06.md | 1 - gen/01/07.md | 1 - gen/01/08.md | 1 - gen/01/09.md | 1 - gen/01/10.md | 1 - gen/01/11.md | 1 - gen/01/12.md | 1 - gen/01/13.md | 1 - gen/01/14.md | 1 - gen/01/15.md | 1 - gen/01/16.md | 1 - gen/01/17.md | 1 - gen/01/18.md | 1 - gen/01/19.md | 1 - gen/01/20.md | 1 - gen/01/21.md | 1 - gen/01/22.md | 1 - gen/01/23.md | 1 - gen/01/24.md | 1 - gen/01/25.md | 1 - gen/01/26.md | 1 - gen/01/27.md | 1 - gen/01/28.md | 1 - gen/01/29.md | 1 - gen/01/30.md | 1 - gen/01/31.md | 1 - gen/01/intro.md | 1 - gen/02/01.md | 1 - gen/02/02.md | 1 - gen/02/03.md | 1 - gen/02/04.md | 1 - gen/02/05.md | 1 - gen/02/06.md | 1 - gen/02/07.md | 1 - gen/02/08.md | 1 - gen/02/09.md | 1 - gen/02/10.md | 1 - gen/02/11.md | 1 - gen/02/12.md | 1 - gen/02/13.md | 1 - gen/02/14.md | 1 - gen/02/15.md | 1 - gen/02/16.md | 1 - gen/02/17.md | 1 - gen/02/18.md | 1 - gen/02/19.md | 1 - gen/02/20.md | 1 - gen/02/21.md | 1 - gen/02/22.md | 1 - gen/02/23.md | 1 - gen/02/24.md | 1 - gen/02/25.md | 1 - gen/02/index.md | 1 - gen/02/intro.md | 13 ++-- gen/03/01.md | 1 - gen/03/02.md | 1 - gen/03/03.md | 3 - gen/03/04.md | 1 - gen/03/05.md | 1 - gen/03/06.md | 1 - gen/03/07.md | 1 - gen/03/08.md | 1 - gen/03/09.md | 1 - gen/03/10.md | 1 - gen/03/11.md | 1 - gen/03/12.md | 1 - gen/03/13.md | 1 - gen/03/14.md | 1 - gen/03/15.md | 1 - gen/03/16.md | 1 - gen/03/17.md | 1 - gen/03/18.md | 1 - gen/03/19.md | 1 - gen/03/20.md | 1 - gen/03/21.md | 1 - gen/03/22.md | 1 - gen/03/23.md | 1 - gen/03/24.md | 1 - gen/03/index.md | 1 - gen/03/intro.md | 10 +-- gen/04/01.md | 1 - gen/04/02.md | 1 - gen/04/03.md | 1 - gen/04/04.md | 1 - gen/04/05.md | 1 - gen/04/06.md | 1 - gen/04/07.md | 1 - gen/04/08.md | 1 - gen/04/09.md | 1 - gen/04/10.md | 1 - gen/04/11.md | 1 - gen/04/12.md | 1 - gen/04/13.md | 1 - gen/04/14.md | 1 - gen/04/15.md | 1 - gen/04/16.md | 1 - gen/04/17.md | 1 - gen/04/18.md | 1 - gen/04/19.md | 1 - gen/04/20.md | 1 - gen/04/21.md | 1 - gen/04/22.md | 1 - gen/04/23.md | 1 - gen/04/24.md | 1 - gen/04/25.md | 1 - gen/04/26.md | 1 - gen/04/intro.md | 7 +-- gen/05/01.md | 1 - gen/05/02.md | 1 - gen/05/03.md | 1 - gen/05/04.md | 1 - gen/05/05.md | 1 - gen/05/06.md | 1 - gen/05/07.md | 1 - gen/05/08.md | 1 - gen/05/09.md | 1 - gen/05/10.md | 1 - gen/05/11.md | 1 - gen/05/12.md | 1 - gen/05/13.md | 1 - gen/05/14.md | 1 - gen/05/15.md | 1 - gen/05/16.md | 1 - gen/05/17.md | 1 - gen/05/18.md | 1 - gen/05/19.md | 1 - gen/05/20.md | 1 - gen/05/21.md | 1 - gen/05/22.md | 1 - gen/05/23.md | 1 - gen/05/24.md | 1 - gen/05/25.md | 1 - gen/05/26.md | 1 - gen/05/27.md | 1 - gen/05/28.md | 1 - gen/05/29.md | 1 - gen/05/30.md | 1 - gen/05/31.md | 1 - gen/05/32.md | 1 - gen/05/index.md | 1 - gen/05/intro.md | 3 +- gen/06/01.md | 1 - gen/06/02.md | 1 - gen/06/03.md | 1 - gen/06/04.md | 1 - gen/06/05.md | 1 - gen/06/06.md | 1 - gen/06/07.md | 1 - gen/06/08.md | 1 - gen/06/09.md | 1 - gen/06/10.md | 1 - gen/06/11.md | 1 - gen/06/12.md | 1 - gen/06/13.md | 1 - gen/06/14.md | 1 - gen/06/15.md | 1 - gen/06/16.md | 1 - gen/06/17.md | 1 - gen/06/18.md | 1 - gen/06/19.md | 1 - gen/06/20.md | 1 - gen/06/21.md | 1 - gen/06/22.md | 1 - gen/06/index.md | 1 - gen/06/intro.md | 3 +- gen/07/01.md | 1 - gen/07/02.md | 1 - gen/07/03.md | 1 - gen/07/04.md | 1 - gen/07/05.md | 1 - gen/07/06.md | 1 - gen/07/07.md | 1 - gen/07/08.md | 1 - gen/07/09.md | 1 - gen/07/10.md | 1 - gen/07/11.md | 1 - gen/07/12.md | 1 - gen/07/13.md | 1 - gen/07/14.md | 1 - gen/07/15.md | 1 - gen/07/16.md | 1 - gen/07/17.md | 1 - gen/07/18.md | 1 - gen/07/19.md | 1 - gen/07/20.md | 1 - gen/07/21.md | 1 - gen/07/22.md | 1 - gen/07/23.md | 1 - gen/07/24.md | 1 - gen/07/index.md | 1 - gen/07/intro.md | 9 ++- gen/08/01.md | 3 +- gen/08/02.md | 1 - gen/08/03.md | 1 - gen/08/04.md | 1 - gen/08/05.md | 1 - gen/08/06.md | 1 - gen/08/07.md | 1 - gen/08/08.md | 1 - gen/08/09.md | 1 - gen/08/10.md | 1 - gen/08/11.md | 1 - gen/08/12.md | 1 - gen/08/13.md | 1 - gen/08/14.md | 1 - gen/08/15.md | 1 - gen/08/16.md | 1 - gen/08/17.md | 1 - gen/08/18.md | 1 - gen/08/19.md | 1 - gen/08/20.md | 1 - gen/08/21.md | 1 - gen/08/22.md | 1 - gen/08/index.md | 1 - gen/08/intro.md | 13 ++-- gen/09/01.md | 1 - gen/09/02.md | 1 - gen/09/03.md | 1 - gen/09/04.md | 1 - gen/09/05.md | 1 - gen/09/06.md | 1 - gen/09/07.md | 1 - gen/09/08.md | 1 - gen/09/09.md | 1 - gen/09/10.md | 1 - gen/09/11.md | 1 - gen/09/12.md | 1 - gen/09/13.md | 1 - gen/09/14.md | 1 - gen/09/15.md | 1 - gen/09/16.md | 1 - gen/09/17.md | 1 - gen/09/18.md | 1 - gen/09/19.md | 1 - gen/09/20.md | 1 - gen/09/21.md | 1 - gen/09/22.md | 1 - gen/09/23.md | 1 - gen/09/24.md | 1 - gen/09/25.md | 1 - gen/09/26.md | 1 - gen/09/27.md | 1 - gen/09/28.md | 1 - gen/09/29.md | 1 - gen/09/index.md | 1 - gen/09/intro.md | 24 +++++--- gen/10/01.md | 1 - gen/10/02.md | 1 - gen/10/03.md | 1 - gen/10/04.md | 1 - gen/10/05.md | 1 - gen/10/06.md | 1 - gen/10/07.md | 1 - gen/10/08.md | 1 - gen/10/09.md | 1 - gen/10/10.md | 1 - gen/10/11.md | 1 - gen/10/12.md | 1 - gen/10/13.md | 1 - gen/10/14.md | 1 - gen/10/15.md | 1 - gen/10/16.md | 1 - gen/10/17.md | 1 - gen/10/18.md | 1 - gen/10/19.md | 1 - gen/10/20.md | 1 - gen/10/21.md | 1 - gen/10/22.md | 1 - gen/10/23.md | 1 - gen/10/24.md | 1 - gen/10/25.md | 1 - gen/10/26.md | 1 - gen/10/27.md | 1 - gen/10/28.md | 1 - gen/10/29.md | 1 - gen/10/30.md | 1 - gen/10/31.md | 1 - gen/10/32.md | 1 - gen/10/index.md | 1 - gen/10/intro.md | 15 ++--- gen/11/01.md | 1 - gen/11/02.md | 1 - gen/11/03.md | 1 - gen/11/04.md | 1 - gen/11/05.md | 1 - gen/11/06.md | 1 - gen/11/07.md | 1 - gen/11/08.md | 1 - gen/11/09.md | 1 - gen/11/10.md | 1 - gen/11/11.md | 1 - gen/11/12.md | 1 - gen/11/13.md | 1 - gen/11/14.md | 1 - gen/11/15.md | 1 - gen/11/16.md | 1 - gen/11/17.md | 1 - gen/11/18.md | 1 - gen/11/19.md | 1 - gen/11/20.md | 1 - gen/11/21.md | 1 - gen/11/22.md | 1 - gen/11/23.md | 1 - gen/11/24.md | 1 - gen/11/25.md | 1 - gen/11/26.md | 1 - gen/11/27.md | 1 - gen/11/28.md | 1 - gen/11/29.md | 1 - gen/11/30.md | 1 - gen/11/31.md | 1 - gen/11/32.md | 1 - gen/11/index.md | 1 - gen/11/intro.md | 20 +++--- gen/12/01.md | 1 - gen/12/02.md | 1 - gen/12/03.md | 1 - gen/12/04.md | 1 - gen/12/05.md | 1 - gen/12/06.md | 1 - gen/12/07.md | 1 - gen/12/08.md | 1 - gen/12/09.md | 1 - gen/12/10.md | 1 - gen/12/11.md | 1 - gen/12/12.md | 1 - gen/12/13.md | 1 - gen/12/14.md | 1 - gen/12/15.md | 1 - gen/12/16.md | 1 - gen/12/17.md | 1 - gen/12/18.md | 1 - gen/12/19.md | 1 - gen/12/20.md | 1 - gen/12/index.md | 1 - gen/12/intro.md | 16 ++--- gen/13/01.md | 1 - gen/13/02.md | 1 - gen/13/03.md | 1 - gen/13/04.md | 1 - gen/13/05.md | 1 - gen/13/06.md | 1 - gen/13/07.md | 1 - gen/13/08.md | 1 - gen/13/09.md | 1 - gen/13/10.md | 1 - gen/13/11.md | 1 - gen/13/12.md | 1 - gen/13/13.md | 1 - gen/13/14.md | 1 - gen/13/15.md | 1 - gen/13/16.md | 2 +- gen/13/17.md | 1 - gen/13/18.md | 1 - gen/13/index.md | 1 - gen/13/intro.md | 13 ++-- gen/14/01.md | 1 - gen/14/02.md | 1 - gen/14/03.md | 1 - gen/14/04.md | 1 - gen/14/05.md | 1 - gen/14/06.md | 1 - gen/14/07.md | 1 - gen/14/08.md | 1 - gen/14/09.md | 1 - gen/14/10.md | 1 - gen/14/11.md | 1 - gen/14/12.md | 1 - gen/14/13.md | 1 - gen/14/14.md | 1 - gen/14/15.md | 3 +- gen/14/16.md | 1 - gen/14/17.md | 1 - gen/14/18.md | 1 - gen/14/19.md | 1 - gen/14/20.md | 1 - gen/14/21.md | 1 - gen/14/22.md | 1 - gen/14/23.md | 1 - gen/14/24.md | 1 - gen/14/index.md | 1 - gen/14/intro.md | 17 +++--- gen/15/01.md | 1 - gen/15/02.md | 1 - gen/15/03.md | 1 - gen/15/04.md | 1 - gen/15/05.md | 1 - gen/15/06.md | 1 - gen/15/07.md | 1 - gen/15/08.md | 1 - gen/15/09.md | 1 - gen/15/10.md | 1 - gen/15/11.md | 1 - gen/15/12.md | 1 - gen/15/13.md | 1 - gen/15/14.md | 1 - gen/15/15.md | 1 - gen/15/16.md | 1 - gen/15/17.md | 1 - gen/15/18.md | 1 - gen/15/19.md | 1 - gen/15/20.md | 1 - gen/15/21.md | 1 - gen/15/index.md | 1 - gen/15/intro.md | 11 ++-- gen/16/01.md | 1 - gen/16/02.md | 1 - gen/16/03.md | 1 - gen/16/04.md | 1 - gen/16/05.md | 1 - gen/16/06.md | 1 - gen/16/07.md | 1 - gen/16/08.md | 1 - gen/16/09.md | 1 - gen/16/10.md | 1 - gen/16/11.md | 1 - gen/16/12.md | 1 - gen/16/13.md | 1 - gen/16/14.md | 1 - gen/16/15.md | 1 - gen/16/16.md | 1 - gen/16/index.md | 1 - gen/16/intro.md | 10 +-- gen/17/01.md | 1 - gen/17/02.md | 1 - gen/17/03.md | 1 - gen/17/04.md | 1 - gen/17/05.md | 1 - gen/17/06.md | 1 - gen/17/07.md | 1 - gen/17/08.md | 1 - gen/17/09.md | 1 - gen/17/10.md | 1 - gen/17/11.md | 1 - gen/17/12.md | 1 - gen/17/13.md | 1 - gen/17/14.md | 1 - gen/17/15.md | 1 - gen/17/16.md | 1 - gen/17/17.md | 1 - gen/17/18.md | 1 - gen/17/19.md | 1 - gen/17/20.md | 1 - gen/17/21.md | 1 - gen/17/22.md | 1 - gen/17/23.md | 1 - gen/17/24.md | 1 - gen/17/25.md | 1 - gen/17/26.md | 1 - gen/17/27.md | 1 - gen/17/index.md | 1 - gen/17/intro.md | 14 +++-- gen/18/01.md | 1 - gen/18/02.md | 1 - gen/18/03.md | 1 - gen/18/04.md | 1 - gen/18/05.md | 1 - gen/18/06.md | 1 - gen/18/07.md | 1 - gen/18/08.md | 1 - gen/18/09.md | 1 - gen/18/10.md | 1 - gen/18/11.md | 1 - gen/18/12.md | 1 - gen/18/13.md | 1 - gen/18/14.md | 1 - gen/18/15.md | 1 - gen/18/16.md | 1 - gen/18/17.md | 1 - gen/18/18.md | 1 - gen/18/19.md | 1 - gen/18/20.md | 1 - gen/18/21.md | 1 - gen/18/22.md | 1 - gen/18/23.md | 1 - gen/18/24.md | 1 - gen/18/25.md | 1 - gen/18/26.md | 1 - gen/18/27.md | 1 - gen/18/28.md | 1 - gen/18/29.md | 1 - gen/18/30.md | 1 - gen/18/31.md | 1 - gen/18/32.md | 1 - gen/18/33.md | 1 - gen/18/index.md | 1 - gen/18/intro.md | 13 ++-- gen/19/01.md | 1 - gen/19/02.md | 1 - gen/19/03.md | 1 - gen/19/04.md | 1 - gen/19/05.md | 1 - gen/19/06.md | 1 - gen/19/07.md | 1 - gen/19/08.md | 1 - gen/19/09.md | 1 - gen/19/10.md | 1 - gen/19/11.md | 2 +- gen/19/12.md | 1 - gen/19/13.md | 1 - gen/19/14.md | 1 - gen/19/15.md | 1 - gen/19/16.md | 1 - gen/19/17.md | 1 - gen/19/18.md | 1 - gen/19/19.md | 1 - gen/19/20.md | 1 - gen/19/21.md | 1 - gen/19/22.md | 1 - gen/19/23.md | 1 - gen/19/24.md | 1 - gen/19/25.md | 1 - gen/19/26.md | 1 - gen/19/27.md | 1 - gen/19/28.md | 1 - gen/19/29.md | 1 - gen/19/30.md | 1 - gen/19/31.md | 1 - gen/19/32.md | 1 - gen/19/33.md | 1 - gen/19/34.md | 1 - gen/19/35.md | 1 - gen/19/36.md | 1 - gen/19/37.md | 1 - gen/19/38.md | 1 - gen/19/index.md | 1 - gen/19/intro.md | 16 ++--- gen/20/01.md | 1 - gen/20/02.md | 1 - gen/20/03.md | 1 - gen/20/04.md | 1 - gen/20/05.md | 1 - gen/20/06.md | 1 - gen/20/07.md | 1 - gen/20/08.md | 1 - gen/20/09.md | 1 - gen/20/10.md | 1 - gen/20/11.md | 1 - gen/20/12.md | 1 - gen/20/13.md | 1 - gen/20/14.md | 1 - gen/20/15.md | 1 - gen/20/16.md | 1 - gen/20/17.md | 1 - gen/20/18.md | 1 - gen/20/index.md | 1 - gen/20/intro.md | 11 ++-- gen/21/01.md | 1 - gen/21/02.md | 1 - gen/21/03.md | 1 - gen/21/04.md | 1 - gen/21/05.md | 1 - gen/21/06.md | 1 - gen/21/07.md | 1 - gen/21/08.md | 1 - gen/21/09.md | 1 - gen/21/10.md | 1 - gen/21/11.md | 1 - gen/21/12.md | 1 - gen/21/13.md | 1 - gen/21/14.md | 1 - gen/21/15.md | 1 - gen/21/16.md | 1 - gen/21/17.md | 1 - gen/21/18.md | 1 - gen/21/19.md | 1 - gen/21/20.md | 1 - gen/21/21.md | 1 - gen/21/22.md | 1 - gen/21/23.md | 1 - gen/21/24.md | 1 - gen/21/25.md | 1 - gen/21/26.md | 1 - gen/21/27.md | 1 - gen/21/28.md | 1 - gen/21/29.md | 1 - gen/21/30.md | 1 - gen/21/31.md | 1 - gen/21/32.md | 1 - gen/21/33.md | 1 - gen/21/34.md | 1 - gen/21/index.md | 1 - gen/21/intro.md | 12 ++-- gen/22/01.md | 1 - gen/22/02.md | 1 - gen/22/03.md | 1 - gen/22/04.md | 1 - gen/22/05.md | 1 - gen/22/06.md | 1 - gen/22/07.md | 1 - gen/22/08.md | 1 - gen/22/09.md | 1 - gen/22/10.md | 1 - gen/22/11.md | 1 - gen/22/12.md | 1 - gen/22/13.md | 1 - gen/22/14.md | 1 - gen/22/15.md | 1 - gen/22/16.md | 1 - gen/22/17.md | 1 - gen/22/18.md | 1 - gen/22/19.md | 1 - gen/22/20.md | 1 - gen/22/21.md | 1 - gen/22/22.md | 1 - gen/22/23.md | 1 - gen/22/24.md | 1 - gen/22/index.md | 1 - gen/22/intro.md | 14 +++-- gen/23/01.md | 1 - gen/23/02.md | 1 - gen/23/03.md | 1 - gen/23/04.md | 1 - gen/23/05.md | 1 - gen/23/06.md | 1 - gen/23/07.md | 1 - gen/23/08.md | 1 - gen/23/09.md | 1 - gen/23/10.md | 1 - gen/23/11.md | 1 - gen/23/12.md | 1 - gen/23/13.md | 1 - gen/23/14.md | 1 - gen/23/15.md | 1 - gen/23/16.md | 1 - gen/23/17.md | 2 +- gen/23/18.md | 1 - gen/23/19.md | 1 - gen/23/20.md | 1 - gen/23/index.md | 1 - gen/23/intro.md | 11 ++-- gen/24/01.md | 1 - gen/24/02.md | 1 - gen/24/03.md | 1 - gen/24/04.md | 1 - gen/24/05.md | 1 - gen/24/06.md | 1 - gen/24/07.md | 1 - gen/24/08.md | 1 - gen/24/09.md | 1 - gen/24/10.md | 1 - gen/24/11.md | 1 - gen/24/12.md | 1 - gen/24/13.md | 1 - gen/24/14.md | 1 - gen/24/15.md | 1 - gen/24/16.md | 1 - gen/24/17.md | 1 - gen/24/18.md | 1 - gen/24/19.md | 1 - gen/24/20.md | 1 - gen/24/21.md | 1 - gen/24/22.md | 1 - gen/24/23.md | 1 - gen/24/24.md | 1 - gen/24/25.md | 1 - gen/24/26.md | 1 - gen/24/27.md | 1 - gen/24/28.md | 1 - gen/24/29.md | 1 - gen/24/30.md | 1 - gen/24/31.md | 1 - gen/24/32.md | 1 - gen/24/33.md | 1 - gen/24/34.md | 1 - gen/24/35.md | 1 - gen/24/36.md | 1 - gen/24/37.md | 1 - gen/24/38.md | 1 - gen/24/39.md | 1 - gen/24/40.md | 1 - gen/24/41.md | 1 - gen/24/42.md | 1 - gen/24/43.md | 1 - gen/24/44.md | 1 - gen/24/45.md | 1 - gen/24/46.md | 1 - gen/24/47.md | 1 - gen/24/48.md | 1 - gen/24/49.md | 1 - gen/24/50.md | 1 - gen/24/51.md | 1 - gen/24/52.md | 1 - gen/24/53.md | 1 - gen/24/54.md | 1 - gen/24/55.md | 1 - gen/24/56.md | 1 - gen/24/57.md | 1 - gen/24/58.md | 1 - gen/24/59.md | 1 - gen/24/60.md | 1 - gen/24/61.md | 1 - gen/24/62.md | 1 - gen/24/63.md | 1 - gen/24/64.md | 1 - gen/24/65.md | 1 - gen/24/66.md | 1 - gen/24/67.md | 1 - gen/24/index.md | 1 - gen/24/intro.md | 17 +++--- gen/25/01.md | 1 - gen/25/02.md | 1 - gen/25/03.md | 1 - gen/25/04.md | 1 - gen/25/05.md | 1 - gen/25/06.md | 1 - gen/25/07.md | 1 - gen/25/08.md | 1 - gen/25/09.md | 1 - gen/25/10.md | 1 - gen/25/11.md | 1 - gen/25/12.md | 1 - gen/25/13.md | 1 - gen/25/14.md | 1 - gen/25/15.md | 1 - gen/25/16.md | 1 - gen/25/17.md | 1 - gen/25/18.md | 1 - gen/25/19.md | 1 - gen/25/20.md | 1 - gen/25/21.md | 1 - gen/25/22.md | 1 - gen/25/23.md | 1 - gen/25/24.md | 1 - gen/25/25.md | 1 - gen/25/26.md | 1 - gen/25/27.md | 1 - gen/25/28.md | 1 - gen/25/29.md | 1 - gen/25/30.md | 1 - gen/25/31.md | 1 - gen/25/32.md | 1 - gen/25/33.md | 1 - gen/25/34.md | 1 - gen/25/index.md | 1 - gen/25/intro.md | 18 +++--- gen/26/01.md | 1 - gen/26/02.md | 1 - gen/26/03.md | 1 - gen/26/04.md | 1 - gen/26/05.md | 1 - gen/26/06.md | 1 - gen/26/07.md | 1 - gen/26/08.md | 1 - gen/26/09.md | 1 - gen/26/10.md | 1 - gen/26/11.md | 1 - gen/26/12.md | 1 - gen/26/13.md | 1 - gen/26/14.md | 1 - gen/26/15.md | 1 - gen/26/16.md | 1 - gen/26/17.md | 1 - gen/26/18.md | 1 - gen/26/19.md | 1 - gen/26/20.md | 1 - gen/26/21.md | 1 - gen/26/22.md | 1 - gen/26/23.md | 1 - gen/26/24.md | 1 - gen/26/25.md | 1 - gen/26/26.md | 1 - gen/26/27.md | 1 - gen/26/28.md | 1 - gen/26/29.md | 1 - gen/26/30.md | 1 - gen/26/31.md | 1 - gen/26/32.md | 1 - gen/26/33.md | 1 - gen/26/34.md | 1 - gen/26/35.md | 1 - gen/26/index.md | 1 - gen/26/intro.md | 15 +++-- gen/27/01.md | 1 - gen/27/02.md | 1 - gen/27/03.md | 1 - gen/27/04.md | 1 - gen/27/05.md | 1 - gen/27/06.md | 1 - gen/27/07.md | 1 - gen/27/08.md | 1 - gen/27/09.md | 1 - gen/27/10.md | 1 - gen/27/11.md | 1 - gen/27/12.md | 1 - gen/27/13.md | 1 - gen/27/14.md | 1 - gen/27/15.md | 1 - gen/27/16.md | 1 - gen/27/17.md | 1 - gen/27/18.md | 1 - gen/27/19.md | 1 - gen/27/20.md | 1 - gen/27/21.md | 1 - gen/27/22.md | 1 - gen/27/23.md | 1 - gen/27/24.md | 1 - gen/27/25.md | 1 - gen/27/26.md | 1 - gen/27/27.md | 1 - gen/27/28.md | 1 - gen/27/29.md | 1 - gen/27/30.md | 1 - gen/27/31.md | 1 - gen/27/32.md | 1 - gen/27/33.md | 1 - gen/27/34.md | 1 - gen/27/35.md | 1 - gen/27/36.md | 1 - gen/27/37.md | 1 - gen/27/38.md | 1 - gen/27/39.md | 1 - gen/27/40.md | 1 - gen/27/41.md | 1 - gen/27/42.md | 1 - gen/27/43.md | 1 - gen/27/44.md | 1 - gen/27/45.md | 1 - gen/27/46.md | 1 - gen/27/index.md | 1 - gen/27/intro.md | 9 +-- gen/28/01.md | 1 - gen/28/02.md | 1 - gen/28/03.md | 1 - gen/28/04.md | 1 - gen/28/05.md | 1 - gen/28/06.md | 1 - gen/28/07.md | 1 - gen/28/08.md | 1 - gen/28/09.md | 1 - gen/28/10.md | 1 - gen/28/11.md | 1 - gen/28/12.md | 1 - gen/28/13.md | 1 - gen/28/14.md | 1 - gen/28/15.md | 1 - gen/28/16.md | 1 - gen/28/17.md | 1 - gen/28/18.md | 1 - gen/28/19.md | 1 - gen/28/20.md | 1 - gen/28/21.md | 1 - gen/28/22.md | 1 - gen/28/index.md | 1 - gen/28/intro.md | 13 ++-- gen/29/01.md | 1 - gen/29/02.md | 1 - gen/29/03.md | 1 - gen/29/04.md | 1 - gen/29/05.md | 1 - gen/29/06.md | 1 - gen/29/07.md | 1 - gen/29/08.md | 1 - gen/29/09.md | 1 - gen/29/10.md | 1 - gen/29/11.md | 1 - gen/29/12.md | 1 - gen/29/13.md | 1 - gen/29/14.md | 1 - gen/29/15.md | 1 - gen/29/16.md | 1 - gen/29/17.md | 1 - gen/29/18.md | 1 - gen/29/19.md | 1 - gen/29/20.md | 1 - gen/29/21.md | 1 - gen/29/22.md | 1 - gen/29/23.md | 1 - gen/29/24.md | 1 - gen/29/25.md | 1 - gen/29/26.md | 1 - gen/29/27.md | 1 - gen/29/28.md | 1 - gen/29/29.md | 1 - gen/29/30.md | 1 - gen/29/31.md | 1 - gen/29/32.md | 1 - gen/29/33.md | 1 - gen/29/34.md | 1 - gen/29/35.md | 1 - gen/29/index.md | 1 - gen/29/intro.md | 19 +++--- gen/30/01.md | 1 - gen/30/02.md | 1 - gen/30/03.md | 1 - gen/30/04.md | 1 - gen/30/05.md | 1 - gen/30/06.md | 1 - gen/30/07.md | 1 - gen/30/08.md | 1 - gen/30/09.md | 1 - gen/30/10.md | 1 - gen/30/11.md | 1 - gen/30/12.md | 1 - gen/30/13.md | 1 - gen/30/14.md | 1 - gen/30/15.md | 1 - gen/30/16.md | 2 +- gen/30/17.md | 1 - gen/30/18.md | 1 - gen/30/19.md | 1 - gen/30/20.md | 1 - gen/30/21.md | 1 - gen/30/22.md | 1 - gen/30/23.md | 1 - gen/30/24.md | 1 - gen/30/25.md | 1 - gen/30/26.md | 1 - gen/30/27.md | 1 - gen/30/28.md | 1 - gen/30/29.md | 1 - gen/30/30.md | 1 - gen/30/31.md | 1 - gen/30/32.md | 1 - gen/30/33.md | 1 - gen/30/34.md | 1 - gen/30/35.md | 1 - gen/30/36.md | 1 - gen/30/37.md | 1 - gen/30/38.md | 1 - gen/30/39.md | 1 - gen/30/40.md | 1 - gen/30/41.md | 1 - gen/30/42.md | 1 - gen/30/43.md | 1 - gen/30/index.md | 1 - gen/30/intro.md | 11 ++-- gen/31/01.md | 1 - gen/31/02.md | 1 - gen/31/03.md | 1 - gen/31/04.md | 1 - gen/31/05.md | 1 - gen/31/06.md | 1 - gen/31/07.md | 1 - gen/31/08.md | 1 - gen/31/09.md | 1 - gen/31/10.md | 1 - gen/31/11.md | 1 - gen/31/12.md | 1 - gen/31/13.md | 1 - gen/31/14.md | 1 - gen/31/15.md | 1 - gen/31/16.md | 1 - gen/31/17.md | 1 - gen/31/18.md | 1 - gen/31/19.md | 1 - gen/31/20.md | 1 - gen/31/21.md | 1 - gen/31/22.md | 1 - gen/31/23.md | 1 - gen/31/24.md | 1 - gen/31/25.md | 1 - gen/31/26.md | 1 - gen/31/27.md | 1 - gen/31/28.md | 1 - gen/31/29.md | 1 - gen/31/30.md | 1 - gen/31/31.md | 1 - gen/31/32.md | 1 - gen/31/33.md | 1 - gen/31/34.md | 1 - gen/31/35.md | 1 - gen/31/36.md | 1 - gen/31/37.md | 1 - gen/31/38.md | 1 - gen/31/40.md | 1 - gen/31/41.md | 1 - gen/31/42.md | 1 - gen/31/43.md | 1 - gen/31/44.md | 1 - gen/31/45.md | 1 - gen/31/46.md | 1 - gen/31/47.md | 1 - gen/31/48.md | 1 - gen/31/49.md | 1 - gen/31/50.md | 1 - gen/31/51.md | 1 - gen/31/52.md | 1 - gen/31/53.md | 1 - gen/31/54.md | 1 - gen/31/55.md | 1 - gen/31/index.md | 1 - gen/31/intro.md | 14 +++-- gen/32/01.md | 1 - gen/32/02.md | 1 - gen/32/03.md | 1 - gen/32/04.md | 1 - gen/32/05.md | 1 - gen/32/06.md | 1 - gen/32/07.md | 1 - gen/32/08.md | 1 - gen/32/09.md | 1 - gen/32/10.md | 1 - gen/32/11.md | 1 - gen/32/12.md | 1 - gen/32/13.md | 1 - gen/32/14.md | 1 - gen/32/15.md | 1 - gen/32/16.md | 1 - gen/32/17.md | 1 - gen/32/18.md | 1 - gen/32/19.md | 1 - gen/32/20.md | 1 - gen/32/21.md | 1 - gen/32/22.md | 1 - gen/32/23.md | 1 - gen/32/24.md | 1 - gen/32/25.md | 5 +- gen/32/26.md | 1 - gen/32/27.md | 1 - gen/32/28.md | 1 - gen/32/29.md | 1 - gen/32/30.md | 1 - gen/32/31.md | 1 - gen/32/32.md | 1 - gen/32/index.md | 1 - gen/32/intro.md | 13 ++-- gen/33/01.md | 1 - gen/33/02.md | 1 - gen/33/03.md | 1 - gen/33/04.md | 1 - gen/33/05.md | 1 - gen/33/06.md | 1 - gen/33/07.md | 1 - gen/33/08.md | 1 - gen/33/09.md | 1 - gen/33/10.md | 1 - gen/33/11.md | 1 - gen/33/12.md | 1 - gen/33/13.md | 1 - gen/33/14.md | 1 - gen/33/15.md | 1 - gen/33/16.md | 1 - gen/33/17.md | 1 - gen/33/18.md | 1 - gen/33/19.md | 1 - gen/33/20.md | 1 - gen/33/index.md | 1 - gen/33/intro.md | 9 +-- gen/34/01.md | 1 - gen/34/02.md | 1 - gen/34/03.md | 1 - gen/34/04.md | 1 - gen/34/05.md | 1 - gen/34/06.md | 1 - gen/34/07.md | 1 - gen/34/08.md | 1 - gen/34/09.md | 1 - gen/34/10.md | 1 - gen/34/11.md | 1 - gen/34/12.md | 1 - gen/34/13.md | 1 - gen/34/14.md | 1 - gen/34/15.md | 1 - gen/34/16.md | 1 - gen/34/17.md | 1 - gen/34/18.md | 1 - gen/34/19.md | 1 - gen/34/20.md | 1 - gen/34/21.md | 1 - gen/34/22.md | 1 - gen/34/23.md | 1 - gen/34/24.md | 1 - gen/34/25.md | 1 - gen/34/26.md | 1 - gen/34/27.md | 1 - gen/34/28.md | 1 - gen/34/29.md | 1 - gen/34/30.md | 1 - gen/34/31.md | 1 - gen/34/index.md | 1 - gen/34/intro.md | 13 ++-- gen/35/01.md | 1 - gen/35/02.md | 1 - gen/35/03.md | 1 - gen/35/04.md | 1 - gen/35/05.md | 1 - gen/35/06.md | 1 - gen/35/07.md | 1 - gen/35/08.md | 1 - gen/35/09.md | 1 - gen/35/10.md | 1 - gen/35/11.md | 1 - gen/35/12.md | 1 - gen/35/13.md | 1 - gen/35/14.md | 1 - gen/35/15.md | 1 - gen/35/16.md | 1 - gen/35/17.md | 1 - gen/35/18.md | 1 - gen/35/19.md | 1 - gen/35/20.md | 1 - gen/35/21.md | 1 - gen/35/22.md | 1 - gen/35/23.md | 1 - gen/35/24.md | 1 - gen/35/25.md | 1 - gen/35/26.md | 1 - gen/35/27.md | 1 - gen/35/28.md | 1 - gen/35/29.md | 1 - gen/35/index.md | 1 - gen/35/intro.md | 8 +-- gen/36/01.md | 1 - gen/36/02.md | 1 - gen/36/03.md | 1 - gen/36/04.md | 1 - gen/36/05.md | 1 - gen/36/06.md | 1 - gen/36/07.md | 1 - gen/36/08.md | 1 - gen/36/09.md | 1 - gen/36/10.md | 1 - gen/36/11.md | 1 - gen/36/12.md | 1 - gen/36/13.md | 1 - gen/36/14.md | 1 - gen/36/15.md | 1 - gen/36/16.md | 1 - gen/36/17.md | 1 - gen/36/18.md | 1 - gen/36/19.md | 1 - gen/36/20.md | 1 - gen/36/21.md | 1 - gen/36/22.md | 1 - gen/36/23.md | 1 - gen/36/24.md | 1 - gen/36/25.md | 1 - gen/36/26.md | 1 - gen/36/27.md | 1 - gen/36/28.md | 1 - gen/36/29.md | 1 - gen/36/30.md | 1 - gen/36/31.md | 1 - gen/36/32.md | 1 - gen/36/33.md | 1 - gen/36/34.md | 1 - gen/36/35.md | 1 - gen/36/36.md | 1 - gen/36/37.md | 1 - gen/36/38.md | 1 - gen/36/39.md | 1 - gen/36/40.md | 1 - gen/36/41.md | 1 - gen/36/42.md | 1 - gen/36/43.md | 1 - gen/36/index.md | 1 - gen/36/intro.md | 6 +- gen/37/01.md | 1 - gen/37/02.md | 1 - gen/37/03.md | 1 - gen/37/04.md | 1 - gen/37/05.md | 1 - gen/37/06.md | 1 - gen/37/07.md | 1 - gen/37/08.md | 1 - gen/37/09.md | 1 - gen/37/10.md | 1 - gen/37/11.md | 1 - gen/37/12.md | 1 - gen/37/13.md | 1 - gen/37/14.md | 1 - gen/37/15.md | 1 - gen/37/16.md | 1 - gen/37/17.md | 1 - gen/37/18.md | 1 - gen/37/19.md | 1 - gen/37/20.md | 1 - gen/37/21.md | 1 - gen/37/22.md | 1 - gen/37/23.md | 1 - gen/37/24.md | 1 - gen/37/25.md | 1 - gen/37/26.md | 1 - gen/37/27.md | 1 - gen/37/28.md | 1 - gen/37/29.md | 1 - gen/37/30.md | 1 - gen/37/31.md | 1 - gen/37/32.md | 1 - gen/37/33.md | 1 - gen/37/34.md | 1 - gen/37/35.md | 1 - gen/37/36.md | 1 - gen/37/index.md | 1 - gen/37/intro.md | 11 ++-- gen/38/01.md | 1 - gen/38/02.md | 1 - gen/38/03.md | 1 - gen/38/04.md | 1 - gen/38/05.md | 1 - gen/38/06.md | 1 - gen/38/07.md | 1 - gen/38/08.md | 1 - gen/38/10.md | 1 - gen/38/11.md | 1 - gen/38/12.md | 1 - gen/38/13.md | 1 - gen/38/14.md | 1 - gen/38/15.md | 1 - gen/38/16.md | 1 - gen/38/17.md | 1 - gen/38/18.md | 1 - gen/38/19.md | 1 - gen/38/20.md | 1 - gen/38/21.md | 1 - gen/38/22.md | 1 - gen/38/23.md | 1 - gen/38/24.md | 1 - gen/38/25.md | 1 - gen/38/26.md | 1 - gen/38/27.md | 1 - gen/38/28.md | 1 - gen/38/29.md | 1 - gen/38/30.md | 1 - gen/38/index.md | 1 - gen/38/intro.md | 13 ++-- gen/39/01.md | 1 - gen/39/02.md | 1 - gen/39/03.md | 1 - gen/39/04.md | 1 - gen/39/05.md | 1 - gen/39/06.md | 1 - gen/39/07.md | 1 - gen/39/08.md | 1 - gen/39/09.md | 1 - gen/39/10.md | 1 - gen/39/11.md | 1 - gen/39/12.md | 1 - gen/39/13.md | 1 - gen/39/14.md | 1 - gen/39/15.md | 1 - gen/39/16.md | 1 - gen/39/17.md | 1 - gen/39/18.md | 1 - gen/39/19.md | 1 - gen/39/20.md | 1 - gen/39/21.md | 1 - gen/39/22.md | 1 - gen/39/23.md | 1 - gen/39/index.md | 1 - gen/39/intro.md | 9 +-- gen/40/01.md | 1 - gen/40/02.md | 1 - gen/40/03.md | 1 - gen/40/04.md | 1 - gen/40/05.md | 1 - gen/40/06.md | 1 - gen/40/07.md | 1 - gen/40/08.md | 1 - gen/40/09.md | 1 - gen/40/10.md | 1 - gen/40/11.md | 1 - gen/40/12.md | 1 - gen/40/13.md | 1 - gen/40/14.md | 1 - gen/40/15.md | 1 - gen/40/16.md | 1 - gen/40/17.md | 1 - gen/40/18.md | 1 - gen/40/19.md | 1 - gen/40/20.md | 1 - gen/40/21.md | 1 - gen/40/22.md | 1 - gen/40/23.md | 1 - gen/40/index.md | 1 - gen/40/intro.md | 9 +-- gen/41/01.md | 1 - gen/41/02.md | 1 - gen/41/03.md | 1 - gen/41/04.md | 1 - gen/41/05.md | 1 - gen/41/06.md | 1 - gen/41/07.md | 1 - gen/41/08.md | 1 - gen/41/09.md | 1 - gen/41/10.md | 1 - gen/41/11.md | 1 - gen/41/12.md | 1 - gen/41/13.md | 1 - gen/41/14.md | 1 - gen/41/15.md | 1 - gen/41/16.md | 1 - gen/41/17.md | 1 - gen/41/18.md | 1 - gen/41/19.md | 1 - gen/41/20.md | 1 - gen/41/21.md | 1 - gen/41/22.md | 1 - gen/41/23.md | 1 - gen/41/24.md | 1 - gen/41/25.md | 1 - gen/41/26.md | 1 - gen/41/27.md | 1 - gen/41/28.md | 1 - gen/41/29.md | 1 - gen/41/30.md | 1 - gen/41/31.md | 1 - gen/41/32.md | 1 - gen/41/33.md | 1 - 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hos/07/06.md | 1 - hos/07/07.md | 1 - hos/07/08.md | 1 - hos/07/09.md | 1 - hos/07/10.md | 1 - hos/07/11.md | 1 - hos/07/12.md | 1 - hos/07/13.md | 1 - hos/07/14.md | 1 - hos/07/15.md | 1 - hos/07/16.md | 1 - hos/07/intro.md | 18 +++--- hos/08/01.md | 1 - hos/08/02.md | 1 - hos/08/03.md | 1 - hos/08/04.md | 1 - hos/08/05.md | 1 - hos/08/06.md | 1 - hos/08/07.md | 1 - hos/08/08.md | 1 - hos/08/09.md | 1 - hos/08/10.md | 1 - hos/08/11.md | 1 - hos/08/12.md | 1 - hos/08/13.md | 1 - hos/08/14.md | 1 - hos/08/intro.md | 7 +-- hos/09/01.md | 1 - hos/09/02.md | 1 - hos/09/03.md | 1 - hos/09/04.md | 1 - hos/09/05.md | 1 - hos/09/06.md | 1 - hos/09/07.md | 1 - hos/09/08.md | 1 - hos/09/09.md | 1 - hos/09/10.md | 1 - hos/09/11.md | 1 - hos/09/12.md | 1 - hos/09/13.md | 1 - hos/09/14.md | 1 - hos/09/15.md | 1 - hos/09/16.md | 1 - hos/09/17.md | 1 - hos/09/intro.md | 15 ++--- hos/10/01.md | 1 - hos/10/02.md | 1 - hos/10/03.md | 1 - hos/10/04.md | 1 - hos/10/05.md | 1 - hos/10/06.md | 1 - hos/10/07.md | 1 - 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hos/13/16.md | 1 - hos/13/intro.md | 15 +++-- hos/14/01.md | 1 - hos/14/02.md | 1 - hos/14/03.md | 1 - hos/14/04.md | 1 - hos/14/05.md | 1 - hos/14/06.md | 1 - hos/14/07.md | 1 - hos/14/08.md | 1 - hos/14/09.md | 1 - hos/14/intro.md | 12 ++-- hos/front/intro.md | 25 ++++---- isa/01/01.md | 1 - isa/01/02.md | 1 - isa/01/03.md | 1 - isa/01/04.md | 1 - isa/01/05.md | 1 - isa/01/06.md | 1 - isa/01/07.md | 1 - isa/01/08.md | 1 - isa/01/09.md | 1 - isa/01/10.md | 1 - isa/01/11.md | 1 - isa/01/12.md | 1 - isa/01/13.md | 1 - isa/01/14.md | 1 - isa/01/15.md | 1 - isa/01/16.md | 1 - isa/01/17.md | 1 - isa/01/18.md | 1 - isa/01/19.md | 1 - isa/01/20.md | 1 - isa/01/21.md | 1 - isa/01/22.md | 1 - isa/01/23.md | 1 - isa/01/24.md | 3 +- isa/01/25.md | 1 - isa/01/26.md | 1 - isa/01/27.md | 1 - isa/01/28.md | 1 - isa/01/29.md | 1 - isa/01/30.md | 1 - isa/01/31.md | 1 - isa/01/intro.md | 16 ++--- isa/02/01.md | 1 - isa/02/02.md | 1 - isa/02/03.md | 1 - isa/02/04.md | 1 - isa/02/05.md | 1 - isa/02/06.md | 1 - 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isa/09/12.md | 1 - isa/09/13.md | 1 - isa/09/14.md | 1 - isa/09/15.md | 1 - isa/09/16.md | 1 - isa/09/17.md | 1 - isa/09/18.md | 1 - isa/09/19.md | 1 - isa/09/20.md | 1 - isa/09/21.md | 1 - isa/09/intro.md | 15 ++--- isa/10/01.md | 1 - isa/10/02.md | 1 - isa/10/03.md | 1 - isa/10/04.md | 1 - isa/10/05.md | 1 - isa/10/06.md | 1 - isa/10/07.md | 1 - isa/10/08.md | 1 - isa/10/09.md | 1 - isa/10/10.md | 1 - isa/10/11.md | 1 - isa/10/12.md | 1 - isa/10/13.md | 1 - isa/10/14.md | 1 - isa/10/15.md | 1 - isa/10/16.md | 1 - isa/10/17.md | 1 - isa/10/18.md | 1 - isa/10/19.md | 1 - isa/10/20.md | 1 - isa/10/21.md | 1 - isa/10/22.md | 1 - isa/10/23.md | 1 - isa/10/24.md | 1 - isa/10/25.md | 1 - isa/10/26.md | 1 - isa/10/27.md | 1 - isa/10/28.md | 1 - isa/10/29.md | 1 - isa/10/30.md | 1 - isa/10/31.md | 1 - isa/10/32.md | 1 - isa/10/33.md | 1 - isa/10/34.md | 1 - isa/10/intro.md | 17 +++--- isa/11/01.md | 1 - isa/11/02.md | 1 - isa/11/03.md | 1 - isa/11/04.md | 1 - isa/11/05.md | 1 - isa/11/06.md | 1 - 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jdg/06/35.md | 1 - jdg/06/36.md | 1 - jdg/06/37.md | 1 - jdg/06/38.md | 1 - jdg/06/39.md | 1 - jdg/06/40.md | 1 - jdg/06/intro.md | 8 +-- jdg/07/01.md | 1 - jdg/07/02.md | 1 - jdg/07/03.md | 1 - jdg/07/04.md | 1 - jdg/07/05.md | 1 - jdg/07/06.md | 1 - jdg/07/07.md | 1 - jdg/07/08.md | 1 - jdg/07/09.md | 1 - jdg/07/10.md | 1 - jdg/07/11.md | 1 - jdg/07/12.md | 1 - jdg/07/13.md | 1 - jdg/07/14.md | 1 - jdg/07/15.md | 1 - jdg/07/16.md | 1 - jdg/07/17.md | 1 - jdg/07/18.md | 1 - jdg/07/19.md | 1 - jdg/07/20.md | 1 - jdg/07/21.md | 1 - jdg/07/22.md | 1 - jdg/07/23.md | 1 - jdg/07/24.md | 1 - jdg/07/25.md | 1 - jdg/07/intro.md | 9 ++- jdg/08/01.md | 1 - jdg/08/02.md | 1 - jdg/08/03.md | 1 - jdg/08/04.md | 1 - jdg/08/05.md | 1 - jdg/08/06.md | 1 - jdg/08/07.md | 1 - jdg/08/08.md | 1 - jdg/08/09.md | 1 - jdg/08/10.md | 1 - jdg/08/11.md | 1 - jdg/08/12.md | 1 - jdg/08/13.md | 1 - jdg/08/14.md | 1 - jdg/08/15.md | 1 - jdg/08/16.md | 1 - jdg/08/17.md | 1 - jdg/08/18.md | 1 - jdg/08/19.md | 1 - jdg/08/20.md | 1 - jdg/08/21.md | 1 - jdg/08/22.md | 1 - jdg/08/23.md | 1 - jdg/08/24.md | 1 - jdg/08/25.md | 1 - jdg/08/26.md | 1 - jdg/08/27.md | 1 - jdg/08/28.md | 1 - jdg/08/29.md | 1 - jdg/08/30.md | 1 - jdg/08/31.md | 1 - jdg/08/32.md | 1 - jdg/08/33.md | 1 - jdg/08/34.md | 1 - jdg/08/35.md | 1 - jdg/08/intro.md | 12 ++-- jdg/09/01.md | 1 - jdg/09/02.md | 1 - jdg/09/03.md | 1 - jdg/09/04.md | 1 - jdg/09/05.md | 1 - jdg/09/06.md | 1 - jdg/09/07.md | 1 - jdg/09/08.md | 1 - jdg/09/09.md | 1 - jdg/09/10.md | 1 - jdg/09/11.md | 1 - jdg/09/12.md | 1 - jdg/09/13.md | 1 - jdg/09/14.md | 1 - jdg/09/15.md | 1 - jdg/09/16.md | 1 - jdg/09/17.md | 1 - jdg/09/18.md | 1 - jdg/09/19.md | 1 - jdg/09/20.md | 1 - jdg/09/21.md | 1 - jdg/09/22.md | 1 - jdg/09/23.md | 1 - jdg/09/24.md | 1 - jdg/09/25.md | 1 - jdg/09/26.md | 1 - jdg/09/27.md | 1 - jdg/09/28.md | 1 - jdg/09/29.md | 1 - jdg/09/30.md | 1 - jdg/09/31.md | 1 - jdg/09/32.md | 1 - jdg/09/33.md | 1 - jdg/09/34.md | 1 - jdg/09/35.md | 1 - jdg/09/36.md | 1 - jdg/09/37.md | 1 - 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jdg/13/08.md | 1 - jdg/13/09.md | 1 - jdg/13/10.md | 1 - jdg/13/11.md | 1 - jdg/13/12.md | 1 - jdg/13/13.md | 1 - jdg/13/14.md | 1 - jdg/13/15.md | 1 - jdg/13/16.md | 1 - jdg/13/17.md | 1 - jdg/13/18.md | 1 - jdg/13/19.md | 1 - jdg/13/20.md | 1 - jdg/13/21.md | 1 - jdg/13/22.md | 1 - jdg/13/23.md | 1 - jdg/13/24.md | 1 - jdg/13/25.md | 1 - jdg/13/intro.md | 7 +-- jdg/14/01.md | 1 - jdg/14/02.md | 1 - jdg/14/03.md | 1 - jdg/14/04.md | 1 - jdg/14/05.md | 1 - jdg/14/06.md | 1 - jdg/14/07.md | 1 - jdg/14/08.md | 1 - jdg/14/09.md | 1 - jdg/14/10.md | 1 - jdg/14/11.md | 1 - jdg/14/12.md | 1 - jdg/14/13.md | 1 - jdg/14/14.md | 1 - jdg/14/15.md | 1 - jdg/14/16.md | 1 - jdg/14/17.md | 1 - jdg/14/18.md | 1 - jdg/14/19.md | 1 - jdg/14/20.md | 1 - jdg/14/intro.md | 8 +-- jdg/15/01.md | 1 - jdg/15/02.md | 1 - jdg/15/03.md | 1 - jdg/15/04.md | 1 - jdg/15/05.md | 1 - jdg/15/06.md | 1 - jdg/15/07.md | 1 - jdg/15/08.md | 1 - jdg/15/09.md | 1 - jdg/15/10.md | 1 - jdg/15/11.md | 1 - jdg/15/12.md | 1 - jdg/15/13.md | 1 - jdg/15/14.md | 1 - jdg/15/15.md | 1 - jdg/15/16.md | 1 - jdg/15/17.md | 1 - jdg/15/18.md | 1 - jdg/15/19.md | 1 - jdg/15/20.md | 1 - jdg/15/intro.md | 9 ++- jdg/16/01.md | 3 +- jdg/16/02.md | 1 - jdg/16/03.md | 1 - jdg/16/04.md | 1 - jdg/16/05.md | 1 - jdg/16/06.md | 1 - jdg/16/07.md | 1 - jdg/16/08.md | 1 - jdg/16/09.md | 1 - jdg/16/10.md | 1 - jdg/16/11.md | 1 - jdg/16/12.md | 1 - jdg/16/13.md | 1 - jdg/16/14.md | 1 - jdg/16/15.md | 1 - jdg/16/16.md | 1 - jdg/16/17.md | 1 - jdg/16/18.md | 1 - jdg/16/19.md | 1 - jdg/16/20.md | 1 - jdg/16/21.md | 1 - jdg/16/22.md | 1 - jdg/16/23.md | 1 - jdg/16/24.md | 1 - jdg/16/25.md | 1 - jdg/16/26.md | 1 - jdg/16/27.md | 1 - jdg/16/28.md | 1 - jdg/16/29.md | 1 - jdg/16/30.md | 1 - jdg/16/31.md | 1 - jdg/16/intro.md | 11 ++-- jdg/17/01.md | 1 - jdg/17/02.md | 1 - jdg/17/03.md | 1 - jdg/17/04.md | 1 - jdg/17/05.md | 1 - jdg/17/06.md | 1 - jdg/17/07.md | 1 - jdg/17/08.md | 1 - jdg/17/09.md | 1 - jdg/17/10.md | 1 - jdg/17/11.md | 1 - jdg/17/12.md | 1 - jdg/17/13.md | 1 - jdg/17/intro.md | 9 ++- jdg/18/01.md | 1 - jdg/18/02.md | 1 - jdg/18/03.md | 1 - jdg/18/04.md | 1 - jdg/18/05.md | 1 - jdg/18/06.md | 1 - jdg/18/07.md | 1 - jdg/18/08.md | 1 - jdg/18/09.md | 1 - jdg/18/10.md | 1 - jdg/18/11.md | 1 - jdg/18/12.md | 1 - jdg/18/13.md | 1 - jdg/18/14.md | 1 - jdg/18/15.md | 1 - jdg/18/16.md | 1 - jdg/18/17.md | 1 - jdg/18/18.md | 1 - jdg/18/19.md | 1 - jdg/18/20.md | 1 - jdg/18/21.md | 1 - jdg/18/22.md | 1 - jdg/18/23.md | 1 - jdg/18/24.md | 1 - jdg/18/25.md | 1 - jdg/18/26.md | 1 - jdg/18/27.md | 1 - jdg/18/28.md | 1 - jdg/18/29.md | 1 - jdg/18/30.md | 1 - jdg/18/31.md | 1 - jdg/18/intro.md | 5 +- jdg/19/01.md | 1 - jdg/19/02.md | 1 - jdg/19/03.md | 1 - jdg/19/04.md | 1 - jdg/19/05.md | 1 - jdg/19/06.md | 1 - jdg/19/07.md | 1 - jdg/19/08.md | 1 - jdg/19/09.md | 1 - jdg/19/10.md | 1 - jdg/19/11.md | 1 - jdg/19/12.md | 1 - jdg/19/13.md | 1 - jdg/19/14.md | 1 - jdg/19/15.md | 1 - jdg/19/16.md | 1 - jdg/19/17.md | 1 - jdg/19/18.md | 1 - jdg/19/19.md | 1 - jdg/19/20.md | 1 - jdg/19/21.md | 1 - jdg/19/22.md | 1 - jdg/19/23.md | 1 - jdg/19/24.md | 1 - jdg/19/25.md | 1 - jdg/19/26.md | 1 - jdg/19/27.md | 1 - jdg/19/28.md | 1 - jdg/19/29.md | 1 - jdg/19/30.md | 1 - jdg/19/intro.md | 6 +- jdg/20/01.md | 1 - jdg/20/02.md | 1 - jdg/20/03.md | 1 - jdg/20/04.md | 1 - jdg/20/05.md | 1 - jdg/20/06.md | 1 - jdg/20/07.md | 1 - jdg/20/08.md | 1 - jdg/20/09.md | 1 - jdg/20/10.md | 1 - jdg/20/11.md | 1 - jdg/20/12.md | 1 - jdg/20/13.md | 1 - jdg/20/14.md | 1 - jdg/20/15.md | 1 - jdg/20/16.md | 1 - jdg/20/17.md | 1 - jdg/20/18.md | 1 - jdg/20/19.md | 1 - jdg/20/20.md | 1 - jdg/20/21.md | 1 - jdg/20/22.md | 1 - jdg/20/23.md | 1 - jdg/20/24.md | 1 - jdg/20/25.md | 1 - jdg/20/26.md | 1 - jdg/20/27.md | 1 - jdg/20/28.md | 1 - jdg/20/29.md | 1 - jdg/20/30.md | 1 - jdg/20/31.md | 1 - jdg/20/32.md | 1 - jdg/20/33.md | 1 - jdg/20/34.md | 1 - jdg/20/35.md | 1 - jdg/20/36.md | 1 - jdg/20/37.md | 1 - jdg/20/38.md | 1 - jdg/20/39.md | 1 - jdg/20/40.md | 1 - jdg/20/41.md | 1 - jdg/20/42.md | 1 - jdg/20/43.md | 1 - jdg/20/44.md | 1 - jdg/20/45.md | 1 - jdg/20/46.md | 1 - jdg/20/47.md | 1 - jdg/20/48.md | 1 - jdg/20/intro.md | 7 +-- jdg/21/01.md | 1 - jdg/21/02.md | 1 - jdg/21/03.md | 1 - jdg/21/04.md | 1 - jdg/21/05.md | 1 - jdg/21/06.md | 1 - jdg/21/07.md | 1 - jdg/21/08.md | 1 - jdg/21/09.md | 1 - jdg/21/10.md | 1 - jdg/21/11.md | 1 - jdg/21/12.md | 1 - jdg/21/13.md | 1 - jdg/21/14.md | 1 - jdg/21/15.md | 1 - jdg/21/16.md | 1 - jdg/21/17.md | 1 - jdg/21/18.md | 1 - jdg/21/19.md | 1 - jdg/21/20.md | 1 - jdg/21/21.md | 1 - jdg/21/22.md | 1 - jdg/21/23.md | 1 - jdg/21/24.md | 1 - jdg/21/25.md | 1 - jdg/21/intro.md | 7 +-- jdg/front/intro.md | 21 ++++--- jer/01/01.md | 1 - jer/01/02.md | 1 - jer/01/03.md | 1 - jer/01/04.md | 1 - jer/01/05.md | 1 - jer/01/06.md | 1 - jer/01/07.md | 1 - jer/01/08.md | 1 - jer/01/09.md | 1 - jer/01/10.md | 1 - jer/01/11.md | 1 - jer/01/12.md | 1 - jer/01/13.md | 1 - jer/01/14.md | 1 - jer/01/15.md | 1 - jer/01/16.md | 1 - jer/01/17.md | 1 - jer/01/18.md | 1 - jer/01/19.md | 1 - jer/01/intro.md | 15 ++--- jer/02/01.md | 1 - jer/02/02.md | 1 - jer/02/03.md | 1 - jer/02/04.md | 1 - jer/02/05.md | 1 - jer/02/06.md | 1 - jer/02/07.md | 1 - jer/02/08.md | 1 - jer/02/09.md | 1 - jer/02/10.md | 1 - jer/02/11.md | 1 - jer/02/12.md | 1 - jer/02/13.md | 1 - jer/02/14.md | 1 - jer/02/15.md | 1 - jer/02/16.md | 1 - jer/02/17.md | 1 - jer/02/18.md | 1 - jer/02/19.md | 1 - jer/02/20.md | 1 - jer/02/21.md | 1 - jer/02/22.md | 1 - jer/02/23.md | 1 - jer/02/24.md | 2 +- jer/02/25.md | 1 - jer/02/26.md | 1 - jer/02/27.md | 1 - jer/02/28.md | 1 - jer/02/29.md | 1 - jer/02/30.md | 1 - jer/02/31.md | 1 - jer/02/32.md | 1 - jer/02/33.md | 1 - jer/02/34.md | 1 - jer/02/35.md | 1 - jer/02/36.md | 1 - jer/02/37.md | 1 - jer/02/intro.md | 11 ++-- jer/03/01.md | 1 - jer/03/02.md | 1 - jer/03/03.md | 1 - jer/03/04.md | 1 - jer/03/05.md | 1 - jer/03/06.md | 1 - jer/03/07.md | 1 - jer/03/08.md | 1 - jer/03/09.md | 1 - jer/03/10.md | 1 - jer/03/11.md | 1 - jer/03/12.md | 1 - jer/03/13.md | 1 - jer/03/14.md | 1 - jer/03/15.md | 1 - jer/03/16.md | 1 - jer/03/17.md | 1 - jer/03/18.md | 1 - jer/03/19.md | 1 - jer/03/20.md | 1 - jer/03/21.md | 1 - jer/03/22.md | 1 - jer/03/23.md | 1 - jer/03/24.md | 1 - jer/03/25.md | 1 - jer/03/intro.md | 10 +-- jer/04/01.md | 1 - jer/04/02.md | 1 - jer/04/03.md | 1 - jer/04/04.md | 2 +- jer/04/05.md | 1 - jer/04/06.md | 1 - jer/04/07.md | 1 - jer/04/08.md | 1 - jer/04/09.md | 1 - jer/04/10.md | 1 - jer/04/11.md | 1 - jer/04/12.md | 1 - jer/04/13.md | 1 - jer/04/14.md | 1 - jer/04/15.md | 1 - jer/04/16.md | 1 - jer/04/17.md | 1 - jer/04/18.md | 1 - jer/04/19.md | 1 - jer/04/20.md | 1 - jer/04/21.md | 1 - jer/04/22.md | 1 - jer/04/23.md | 1 - jer/04/24.md | 1 - jer/04/25.md | 1 - jer/04/26.md | 1 - jer/04/27.md | 1 - jer/04/28.md | 1 - jer/04/29.md | 1 - jer/04/30.md | 1 - jer/04/31.md | 1 - jer/04/intro.md | 8 +-- jer/05/01.md | 1 - jer/05/02.md | 1 - jer/05/03.md | 1 - jer/05/04.md | 1 - jer/05/05.md | 1 - jer/05/06.md | 1 - jer/05/07.md | 1 - jer/05/08.md | 1 - jer/05/09.md | 1 - jer/05/10.md | 1 - jer/05/11.md | 1 - jer/05/12.md | 1 - jer/05/13.md | 1 - jer/05/14.md | 1 - jer/05/15.md | 1 - jer/05/16.md | 1 - jer/05/17.md | 1 - jer/05/18.md | 1 - jer/05/19.md | 1 - jer/05/20.md | 1 - jer/05/21.md | 1 - jer/05/22.md | 1 - jer/05/23.md | 1 - jer/05/24.md | 1 - jer/05/25.md | 1 - jer/05/26.md | 1 - jer/05/27.md | 1 - jer/05/28.md | 1 - jer/05/29.md | 1 - jer/05/30.md | 1 - jer/05/31.md | 1 - jer/05/intro.md | 12 ++-- jer/06/01.md | 1 - jer/06/02.md | 1 - jer/06/03.md | 1 - jer/06/04.md | 1 - jer/06/05.md | 1 - jer/06/06.md | 1 - jer/06/07.md | 1 - jer/06/08.md | 1 - jer/06/09.md | 1 - jer/06/10.md | 1 - jer/06/11.md | 1 - jer/06/12.md | 1 - jer/06/13.md | 1 - jer/06/14.md | 1 - jer/06/15.md | 1 - jer/06/16.md | 1 - jer/06/17.md | 1 - jer/06/18.md | 1 - jer/06/19.md | 1 - jer/06/20.md | 1 - jer/06/21.md | 1 - jer/06/22.md | 1 - jer/06/23.md | 1 - jer/06/24.md | 1 - jer/06/25.md | 1 - jer/06/26.md | 1 - jer/06/27.md | 1 - jer/06/28.md | 1 - jer/06/29.md | 1 - jer/06/30.md | 1 - jer/06/intro.md | 8 +-- jer/07/01.md | 1 - jer/07/02.md | 1 - jer/07/03.md | 1 - jer/07/04.md | 1 - jer/07/05.md | 1 - jer/07/06.md | 1 - jer/07/07.md | 1 - jer/07/08.md | 1 - jer/07/09.md | 1 - jer/07/10.md | 1 - jer/07/11.md | 1 - jer/07/12.md | 1 - jer/07/13.md | 1 - jer/07/14.md | 1 - jer/07/15.md | 1 - jer/07/16.md | 1 - jer/07/17.md | 1 - jer/07/18.md | 1 - jer/07/19.md | 1 - jer/07/20.md | 1 - jer/07/21.md | 1 - jer/07/22.md | 1 - jer/07/23.md | 1 - jer/07/24.md | 1 - jer/07/25.md | 1 - jer/07/26.md | 1 - jer/07/27.md | 1 - jer/07/28.md | 1 - jer/07/29.md | 1 - jer/07/30.md | 1 - jer/07/31.md | 1 - jer/07/32.md | 1 - jer/07/33.md | 1 - jer/07/34.md | 1 - jer/07/intro.md | 13 ++-- jer/08/01.md | 1 - jer/08/02.md | 1 - jer/08/03.md | 1 - jer/08/04.md | 1 - jer/08/05.md | 1 - jer/08/06.md | 1 - jer/08/07.md | 1 - jer/08/08.md | 1 - jer/08/09.md | 1 - jer/08/10.md | 1 - jer/08/11.md | 1 - jer/08/12.md | 1 - jer/08/13.md | 1 - jer/08/14.md | 1 - jer/08/15.md | 1 - jer/08/16.md | 1 - jer/08/17.md | 1 - jer/08/18.md | 1 - jer/08/19.md | 1 - jer/08/20.md | 1 - jer/08/21.md | 1 - jer/08/22.md | 1 - jer/08/intro.md | 8 +-- jer/09/01.md | 1 - jer/09/02.md | 1 - jer/09/03.md | 2 +- jer/09/04.md | 1 - jer/09/05.md | 1 - jer/09/06.md | 1 - jer/09/07.md | 1 - jer/09/08.md | 5 +- jer/09/09.md | 1 - jer/09/10.md | 1 - jer/09/11.md | 1 - jer/09/12.md | 1 - jer/09/13.md | 1 - jer/09/14.md | 1 - jer/09/15.md | 1 - jer/09/16.md | 1 - jer/09/17.md | 1 - jer/09/18.md | 1 - jer/09/19.md | 1 - jer/09/20.md | 1 - jer/09/21.md | 1 - jer/09/22.md | 1 - jer/09/23.md | 1 - jer/09/24.md | 1 - jer/09/25.md | 1 - jer/09/26.md | 1 - jer/09/intro.md | 13 ++-- jer/10/01.md | 1 - jer/10/02.md | 1 - jer/10/03.md | 1 - jer/10/04.md | 1 - jer/10/05.md | 1 - jer/10/06.md | 1 - jer/10/07.md | 1 - jer/10/08.md | 1 - jer/10/09.md | 1 - jer/10/10.md | 1 - jer/10/11.md | 1 - jer/10/12.md | 1 - jer/10/13.md | 1 - jer/10/14.md | 1 - jer/10/15.md | 1 - jer/10/16.md | 1 - jer/10/17.md | 1 - jer/10/18.md | 1 - jer/10/19.md | 1 - jer/10/20.md | 1 - jer/10/21.md | 1 - jer/10/22.md | 1 - jer/10/23.md | 1 - jer/10/24.md | 1 - jer/10/25.md | 1 - jer/10/intro.md | 8 +-- jer/11/01.md | 1 - jer/11/02.md | 1 - jer/11/03.md | 1 - jer/11/04.md | 1 - jer/11/05.md | 1 - jer/11/06.md | 1 - jer/11/07.md | 1 - jer/11/08.md | 1 - jer/11/09.md | 1 - jer/11/10.md | 3 +- jer/11/11.md | 1 - jer/11/12.md | 1 - jer/11/13.md | 1 - jer/11/14.md | 1 - jer/11/15.md | 1 - jer/11/16.md | 1 - jer/11/17.md | 1 - jer/11/18.md | 1 - jer/11/19.md | 1 - jer/11/20.md | 1 - jer/11/21.md | 1 - jer/11/22.md | 1 - jer/11/23.md | 1 - jer/11/intro.md | 7 +-- jer/12/01.md | 1 - jer/12/02.md | 1 - jer/12/03.md | 1 - jer/12/04.md | 1 - jer/12/05.md | 1 - jer/12/06.md | 1 - jer/12/07.md | 1 - jer/12/08.md | 1 - jer/12/09.md | 1 - jer/12/10.md | 1 - jer/12/11.md | 1 - jer/12/12.md | 1 - jer/12/13.md | 1 - jer/12/14.md | 1 - jer/12/15.md | 1 - jer/12/16.md | 1 - jer/12/17.md | 1 - jer/12/intro.md | 9 ++- jer/13/01.md | 1 - jer/13/02.md | 1 - jer/13/03.md | 1 - jer/13/04.md | 1 - jer/13/05.md | 1 - jer/13/06.md | 1 - jer/13/07.md | 1 - jer/13/08.md | 1 - jer/13/09.md | 1 - jer/13/10.md | 1 - jer/13/11.md | 1 - jer/13/12.md | 1 - jer/13/13.md | 1 - jer/13/14.md | 1 - jer/13/15.md | 1 - jer/13/16.md | 1 - jer/13/17.md | 1 - jer/13/18.md | 1 - jer/13/19.md | 1 - jer/13/20.md | 1 - jer/13/21.md | 1 - jer/13/22.md | 1 - jer/13/23.md | 1 - jer/13/24.md | 1 - jer/13/25.md | 1 - jer/13/26.md | 1 - jer/13/27.md | 1 - jer/13/intro.md | 5 +- jer/14/01.md | 1 - jer/14/02.md | 1 - jer/14/03.md | 1 - jer/14/04.md | 1 - jer/14/05.md | 1 - jer/14/06.md | 1 - jer/14/07.md | 1 - jer/14/08.md | 1 - jer/14/09.md | 1 - jer/14/10.md | 1 - jer/14/11.md | 1 - jer/14/12.md | 1 - jer/14/13.md | 1 - jer/14/14.md | 1 - jer/14/15.md | 1 - jer/14/16.md | 1 - jer/14/17.md | 1 - jer/14/18.md | 1 - jer/14/19.md | 1 - jer/14/20.md | 1 - jer/14/21.md | 1 - jer/14/22.md | 1 - jer/14/intro.md | 7 +-- jer/15/01.md | 1 - jer/15/02.md | 1 - jer/15/03.md | 1 - jer/15/04.md | 1 - jer/15/05.md | 1 - jer/15/06.md | 1 - jer/15/07.md | 1 - jer/15/08.md | 1 - jer/15/09.md | 1 - jer/15/10.md | 1 - jer/15/11.md | 1 - jer/15/12.md | 1 - jer/15/13.md | 1 - jer/15/14.md | 1 - jer/15/15.md | 1 - jer/15/16.md | 1 - jer/15/17.md | 1 - jer/15/18.md | 1 - jer/15/19.md | 1 - jer/15/20.md | 1 - jer/15/21.md | 1 - jer/15/intro.md | 10 +-- jer/16/01.md | 1 - jer/16/02.md | 1 - jer/16/03.md | 1 - jer/16/04.md | 1 - jer/16/05.md | 1 - jer/16/06.md | 1 - jer/16/07.md | 1 - jer/16/08.md | 1 - jer/16/09.md | 1 - jer/16/10.md | 1 - jer/16/11.md | 1 - jer/16/12.md | 1 - jer/16/13.md | 1 - jer/16/14.md | 1 - jer/16/15.md | 1 - jer/16/16.md | 1 - jer/16/17.md | 1 - jer/16/18.md | 1 - jer/16/19.md | 1 - jer/16/20.md | 1 - jer/16/21.md | 1 - jer/16/intro.md | 9 ++- jer/17/01.md | 1 - jer/17/02.md | 1 - jer/17/03.md | 1 - jer/17/04.md | 1 - jer/17/05.md | 1 - jer/17/06.md | 1 - jer/17/07.md | 1 - jer/17/08.md | 1 - jer/17/09.md | 1 - jer/17/10.md | 1 - jer/17/11.md | 1 - jer/17/12.md | 1 - jer/17/13.md | 1 - jer/17/14.md | 1 - jer/17/15.md | 1 - jer/17/16.md | 1 - jer/17/17.md | 1 - jer/17/18.md | 1 - jer/17/19.md | 1 - jer/17/20.md | 1 - jer/17/21.md | 1 - jer/17/22.md | 2 +- jer/17/23.md | 1 - jer/17/24.md | 1 - jer/17/25.md | 1 - jer/17/26.md | 1 - jer/17/27.md | 1 - jer/17/intro.md | 11 ++-- jer/18/01.md | 1 - jer/18/02.md | 1 - jer/18/03.md | 1 - jer/18/04.md | 1 - jer/18/05.md | 1 - jer/18/06.md | 1 - jer/18/07.md | 1 - jer/18/08.md | 1 - jer/18/09.md | 1 - jer/18/10.md | 1 - jer/18/11.md | 1 - jer/18/12.md | 1 - jer/18/13.md | 1 - jer/18/14.md | 1 - jer/18/15.md | 1 - jer/18/16.md | 1 - jer/18/17.md | 1 - jer/18/18.md | 1 - jer/18/19.md | 1 - jer/18/20.md | 1 - jer/18/21.md | 1 - jer/18/22.md | 1 - jer/18/23.md | 1 - jer/18/intro.md | 13 ++-- jer/19/01.md | 1 - jer/19/02.md | 1 - jer/19/03.md | 1 - jer/19/04.md | 1 - jer/19/05.md | 1 - jer/19/06.md | 1 - jer/19/07.md | 1 - jer/19/08.md | 1 - jer/19/09.md | 1 - jer/19/10.md | 1 - jer/19/11.md | 1 - jer/19/12.md | 1 - jer/19/13.md | 1 - jer/19/14.md | 1 - jer/19/15.md | 1 - jer/19/intro.md | 5 +- jer/20/01.md | 1 - jer/20/02.md | 1 - jer/20/03.md | 1 - jer/20/04.md | 1 - jer/20/05.md | 1 - jer/20/06.md | 1 - jer/20/07.md | 1 - jer/20/08.md | 2 - jer/20/09.md | 1 - jer/20/10.md | 3 +- jer/20/11.md | 1 - jer/20/12.md | 1 - jer/20/13.md | 1 - jer/20/14.md | 1 - jer/20/15.md | 1 - jer/20/16.md | 1 - jer/20/17.md | 1 - jer/20/18.md | 1 - jer/20/intro.md | 11 ++-- jer/21/01.md | 1 - jer/21/02.md | 1 - jer/21/03.md | 1 - jer/21/04.md | 1 - jer/21/05.md | 1 - jer/21/06.md | 1 - jer/21/07.md | 1 - jer/21/08.md | 1 - jer/21/09.md | 1 - jer/21/10.md | 1 - jer/21/11.md | 1 - jer/21/12.md | 2 +- jer/21/13.md | 1 - jer/21/14.md | 1 - jer/21/intro.md | 7 +-- jer/22/01.md | 1 - jer/22/02.md | 1 - jer/22/03.md | 1 - jer/22/04.md | 1 - jer/22/05.md | 1 - jer/22/06.md | 1 - jer/22/07.md | 1 - jer/22/08.md | 1 - jer/22/09.md | 1 - jer/22/10.md | 1 - jer/22/11.md | 1 - jer/22/12.md | 1 - jer/22/13.md | 1 - jer/22/14.md | 1 - jer/22/15.md | 1 - jer/22/16.md | 1 - jer/22/17.md | 1 - jer/22/18.md | 1 - jer/22/19.md | 1 - jer/22/20.md | 1 - jer/22/21.md | 1 - jer/22/22.md | 1 - jer/22/23.md | 1 - jer/22/24.md | 1 - jer/22/25.md | 1 - jer/22/26.md | 1 - jer/22/27.md | 1 - jer/22/28.md | 1 - jer/22/29.md | 1 - jer/22/30.md | 1 - jer/22/intro.md | 7 +-- jer/23/01.md | 1 - jer/23/02.md | 1 - jer/23/03.md | 1 - jer/23/04.md | 1 - jer/23/05.md | 1 - jer/23/06.md | 1 - jer/23/07.md | 1 - jer/23/08.md | 1 - jer/23/09.md | 1 - jer/23/10.md | 1 - jer/23/11.md | 1 - jer/23/12.md | 1 - jer/23/13.md | 1 - jer/23/14.md | 1 - jer/23/15.md | 1 - jer/23/16.md | 1 - jer/23/17.md | 1 - jer/23/18.md | 1 - jer/23/19.md | 1 - jer/23/20.md | 1 - jer/23/21.md | 1 - jer/23/22.md | 2 +- jer/23/23.md | 1 - jer/23/24.md | 1 - jer/23/25.md | 1 - jer/23/26.md | 1 - jer/23/27.md | 1 - jer/23/28.md | 1 - jer/23/29.md | 1 - jer/23/30.md | 1 - jer/23/31.md | 1 - jer/23/32.md | 1 - jer/23/33.md | 1 - jer/23/34.md | 1 - jer/23/35.md | 1 - jer/23/36.md | 1 - jer/23/37.md | 1 - jer/23/38.md | 1 - jer/23/39.md | 1 - jer/23/40.md | 1 - jer/23/intro.md | 13 ++-- jer/24/01.md | 1 - jer/24/02.md | 1 - jer/24/03.md | 1 - jer/24/04.md | 1 - jer/24/05.md | 1 - jer/24/06.md | 1 - jer/24/07.md | 1 - jer/24/08.md | 1 - jer/24/09.md | 1 - jer/24/10.md | 1 - jer/24/intro.md | 5 +- jer/25/01.md | 1 - jer/25/02.md | 1 - jer/25/03.md | 1 - jer/25/04.md | 1 - jer/25/05.md | 1 - jer/25/06.md | 1 - jer/25/07.md | 1 - jer/25/08.md | 1 - jer/25/09.md | 1 - jer/25/10.md | 1 - jer/25/11.md | 1 - jer/25/12.md | 1 - jer/25/13.md | 1 - jer/25/14.md | 1 - jer/25/15.md | 1 - jer/25/16.md | 1 - jer/25/17.md | 1 - jer/25/18.md | 1 - jer/25/19.md | 1 - jer/25/20.md | 1 - jer/25/21.md | 1 - jer/25/22.md | 1 - jer/25/23.md | 1 - jer/25/24.md | 1 - jer/25/25.md | 1 - jer/25/26.md | 1 - jer/25/27.md | 1 - jer/25/28.md | 1 - jer/25/29.md | 1 - jer/25/30.md | 1 - jer/25/31.md | 1 - jer/25/32.md | 1 - jer/25/33.md | 1 - jer/25/34.md | 1 - jer/25/35.md | 1 - jer/25/36.md | 1 - jer/25/37.md | 1 - jer/25/38.md | 1 - jer/25/intro.md | 13 ++-- jer/26/01.md | 1 - jer/26/02.md | 1 - jer/26/03.md | 3 +- jer/26/04.md | 1 - jer/26/05.md | 1 - jer/26/06.md | 1 - jer/26/07.md | 1 - jer/26/08.md | 1 - jer/26/09.md | 1 - jer/26/10.md | 1 - jer/26/11.md | 1 - jer/26/12.md | 1 - jer/26/13.md | 1 - jer/26/14.md | 1 - jer/26/15.md | 1 - jer/26/16.md | 1 - jer/26/17.md | 1 - jer/26/18.md | 1 - jer/26/19.md | 1 - jer/26/20.md | 1 - jer/26/21.md | 1 - jer/26/22.md | 1 - jer/26/23.md | 1 - jer/26/24.md | 1 - jer/26/intro.md | 5 +- jer/27/01.md | 1 - jer/27/02.md | 1 - jer/27/03.md | 1 - jer/27/04.md | 1 - jer/27/05.md | 1 - jer/27/06.md | 1 - jer/27/07.md | 1 - jer/27/08.md | 1 - jer/27/09.md | 1 - jer/27/10.md | 1 - jer/27/11.md | 1 - jer/27/12.md | 1 - jer/27/13.md | 1 - jer/27/14.md | 1 - jer/27/15.md | 1 - jer/27/16.md | 1 - jer/27/17.md | 1 - jer/27/18.md | 1 - jer/27/19.md | 1 - jer/27/20.md | 1 - jer/27/21.md | 1 - jer/27/22.md | 1 - jer/27/intro.md | 7 +-- jer/28/01.md | 1 - jer/28/02.md | 1 - jer/28/03.md | 1 - jer/28/04.md | 1 - jer/28/05.md | 1 - jer/28/06.md | 1 - jer/28/07.md | 1 - jer/28/08.md | 1 - jer/28/09.md | 1 - jer/28/10.md | 1 - jer/28/11.md | 1 - jer/28/12.md | 1 - jer/28/13.md | 3 +- jer/28/14.md | 1 - jer/28/15.md | 1 - jer/28/16.md | 1 - jer/28/17.md | 1 - jer/28/intro.md | 5 +- jer/29/01.md | 1 - jer/29/02.md | 1 - jer/29/03.md | 1 - jer/29/04.md | 1 - jer/29/05.md | 1 - jer/29/06.md | 1 - jer/29/07.md | 1 - jer/29/08.md | 1 - jer/29/09.md | 1 - jer/29/10.md | 1 - jer/29/11.md | 1 - jer/29/12.md | 1 - jer/29/13.md | 1 - jer/29/14.md | 1 - jer/29/15.md | 1 - jer/29/16.md | 1 - jer/29/17.md | 1 - jer/29/18.md | 1 - jer/29/19.md | 1 - jer/29/20.md | 1 - jer/29/21.md | 1 - jer/29/22.md | 1 - jer/29/23.md | 1 - jer/29/24.md | 1 - jer/29/25.md | 1 - jer/29/26.md | 1 - jer/29/27.md | 1 - jer/29/28.md | 1 - jer/29/29.md | 1 - jer/29/30.md | 1 - jer/29/31.md | 1 - jer/29/32.md | 1 - jer/29/intro.md | 7 +-- jer/30/01.md | 1 - jer/30/02.md | 1 - jer/30/03.md | 1 - jer/30/04.md | 1 - jer/30/05.md | 1 - jer/30/06.md | 1 - jer/30/07.md | 1 - jer/30/08.md | 1 - jer/30/09.md | 1 - jer/30/10.md | 2 - jer/30/11.md | 1 - jer/30/12.md | 1 - jer/30/13.md | 1 - jer/30/14.md | 1 - jer/30/15.md | 1 - jer/30/16.md | 1 - jer/30/17.md | 1 - jer/30/18.md | 1 - jer/30/19.md | 1 - jer/30/20.md | 1 - jer/30/21.md | 1 - jer/30/22.md | 1 - jer/30/23.md | 1 - jer/30/24.md | 1 - jer/30/intro.md | 10 +-- jer/31/01.md | 1 - jer/31/02.md | 1 - jer/31/03.md | 1 - jer/31/04.md | 1 - jer/31/05.md | 1 - jer/31/06.md | 1 - jer/31/07.md | 1 - jer/31/08.md | 1 - jer/31/09.md | 1 - jer/31/10.md | 1 - jer/31/11.md | 1 - jer/31/12.md | 1 - jer/31/13.md | 1 - jer/31/14.md | 1 - jer/31/15.md | 1 - jer/31/16.md | 1 - jer/31/17.md | 1 - jer/31/18.md | 1 - jer/31/19.md | 1 - jer/31/20.md | 1 - jer/31/21.md | 1 - jer/31/22.md | 1 - jer/31/23.md | 1 - jer/31/24.md | 1 - jer/31/25.md | 1 - jer/31/26.md | 1 - jer/31/27.md | 1 - jer/31/28.md | 1 - jer/31/29.md | 1 - jer/31/30.md | 1 - jer/31/31.md | 1 - jer/31/32.md | 1 - jer/31/33.md | 1 - jer/31/34.md | 1 - jer/31/35.md | 1 - jer/31/36.md | 1 - jer/31/37.md | 1 - jer/31/38.md | 1 - jer/31/39.md | 1 - jer/31/40.md | 1 - jer/31/intro.md | 13 ++-- jer/32/01.md | 1 - jer/32/02.md | 1 - jer/32/03.md | 1 - jer/32/04.md | 1 - jer/32/05.md | 1 - jer/32/06.md | 1 - jer/32/07.md | 1 - jer/32/08.md | 1 - jer/32/09.md | 1 - jer/32/10.md | 1 - jer/32/11.md | 1 - jer/32/12.md | 1 - jer/32/13.md | 1 - jer/32/14.md | 1 - jer/32/15.md | 1 - jer/32/16.md | 1 - jer/32/17.md | 1 - jer/32/18.md | 1 - jer/32/19.md | 1 - jer/32/20.md | 1 - jer/32/21.md | 1 - jer/32/22.md | 1 - jer/32/23.md | 1 - jer/32/24.md | 1 - jer/32/25.md | 1 - jer/32/26.md | 1 - jer/32/27.md | 1 - jer/32/28.md | 1 - jer/32/29.md | 1 - jer/32/30.md | 1 - jer/32/31.md | 1 - jer/32/32.md | 1 - jer/32/33.md | 1 - jer/32/34.md | 1 - jer/32/35.md | 1 - jer/32/36.md | 1 - jer/32/37.md | 1 - jer/32/38.md | 1 - jer/32/39.md | 1 - jer/32/40.md | 1 - jer/32/41.md | 1 - jer/32/42.md | 1 - jer/32/43.md | 1 - jer/32/44.md | 1 - jer/32/intro.md | 12 ++-- jer/33/01.md | 1 - jer/33/02.md | 1 - jer/33/03.md | 1 - jer/33/04.md | 1 - jer/33/05.md | 1 - jer/33/06.md | 1 - jer/33/07.md | 1 - jer/33/08.md | 1 - jer/33/09.md | 1 - jer/33/10.md | 1 - jer/33/11.md | 1 - jer/33/12.md | 1 - jer/33/13.md | 1 - jer/33/14.md | 1 - jer/33/15.md | 1 - jer/33/16.md | 1 - jer/33/17.md | 1 - jer/33/18.md | 1 - jer/33/19.md | 1 - jer/33/20.md | 1 - jer/33/21.md | 1 - jer/33/22.md | 1 - jer/33/23.md | 1 - jer/33/24.md | 1 - jer/33/25.md | 1 - jer/33/26.md | 1 - jer/33/intro.md | 6 +- jer/34/01.md | 1 - jer/34/02.md | 1 - jer/34/03.md | 1 - jer/34/04.md | 1 - jer/34/05.md | 1 - jer/34/06.md | 1 - jer/34/07.md | 1 - jer/34/08.md | 1 - jer/34/09.md | 3 +- jer/34/10.md | 1 - jer/34/11.md | 1 - jer/34/12.md | 1 - jer/34/13.md | 1 - jer/34/14.md | 1 - jer/34/15.md | 1 - jer/34/16.md | 1 - jer/34/17.md | 1 - jer/34/18.md | 1 - jer/34/19.md | 1 - jer/34/20.md | 1 - jer/34/21.md | 1 - jer/34/22.md | 1 - jer/34/intro.md | 11 ++-- jer/35/01.md | 1 - jer/35/02.md | 1 - jer/35/03.md | 1 - jer/35/04.md | 1 - jer/35/05.md | 1 - jer/35/06.md | 1 - jer/35/07.md | 1 - jer/35/08.md | 1 - jer/35/09.md | 1 - jer/35/10.md | 1 - jer/35/11.md | 1 - jer/35/12.md | 1 - jer/35/13.md | 1 - jer/35/14.md | 1 - jer/35/15.md | 1 - jer/35/16.md | 1 - jer/35/17.md | 1 - jer/35/18.md | 1 - jer/35/19.md | 1 - jer/35/intro.md | 7 +-- jer/36/01.md | 1 - jer/36/02.md | 1 - jer/36/03.md | 1 - jer/36/04.md | 1 - jer/36/05.md | 1 - jer/36/06.md | 1 - jer/36/07.md | 1 - jer/36/08.md | 1 - jer/36/09.md | 1 - jer/36/10.md | 1 - jer/36/11.md | 1 - jer/36/12.md | 1 - jer/36/13.md | 1 - jer/36/14.md | 1 - jer/36/15.md | 1 - jer/36/16.md | 1 - jer/36/17.md | 1 - jer/36/18.md | 1 - jer/36/19.md | 1 - jer/36/20.md | 1 - jer/36/21.md | 1 - jer/36/22.md | 1 - jer/36/23.md | 1 - jer/36/24.md | 1 - jer/36/25.md | 1 - jer/36/26.md | 1 - jer/36/27.md | 1 - jer/36/28.md | 1 - jer/36/29.md | 1 - jer/36/30.md | 1 - jer/36/31.md | 1 - jer/36/32.md | 1 - jer/36/intro.md | 5 +- jer/37/01.md | 1 - jer/37/02.md | 1 - jer/37/03.md | 1 - jer/37/04.md | 1 - jer/37/05.md | 1 - jer/37/06.md | 1 - jer/37/07.md | 1 - jer/37/08.md | 1 - jer/37/09.md | 1 - jer/37/10.md | 1 - jer/37/11.md | 1 - jer/37/12.md | 1 - jer/37/13.md | 1 - jer/37/14.md | 1 - jer/37/15.md | 1 - jer/37/16.md | 1 - jer/37/17.md | 1 - jer/37/18.md | 1 - jer/37/19.md | 1 - jer/37/20.md | 1 - jer/37/21.md | 1 - jer/37/intro.md | 5 +- jer/38/01.md | 1 - jer/38/02.md | 1 - jer/38/03.md | 1 - jer/38/04.md | 1 - jer/38/05.md | 1 - jer/38/06.md | 1 - jer/38/07.md | 1 - jer/38/08.md | 1 - jer/38/09.md | 1 - jer/38/10.md | 1 - jer/38/11.md | 1 - jer/38/12.md | 1 - jer/38/13.md | 1 - jer/38/14.md | 1 - jer/38/15.md | 1 - jer/38/16.md | 1 - jer/38/17.md | 1 - jer/38/18.md | 1 - jer/38/19.md | 1 - jer/38/20.md | 1 - jer/38/21.md | 1 - jer/38/22.md | 1 - jer/38/23.md | 1 - jer/38/24.md | 1 - jer/38/25.md | 1 - jer/38/26.md | 1 - jer/38/27.md | 1 - jer/38/28.md | 1 - jer/38/intro.md | 5 +- jer/39/01.md | 1 - jer/39/02.md | 1 - jer/39/03.md | 1 - jer/39/04.md | 1 - jer/39/05.md | 1 - jer/39/06.md | 1 - jer/39/07.md | 1 - jer/39/08.md | 1 - jer/39/09.md | 1 - jer/39/10.md | 1 - jer/39/11.md | 1 - jer/39/12.md | 1 - jer/39/13.md | 1 - jer/39/14.md | 1 - jer/39/15.md | 1 - jer/39/16.md | 1 - jer/39/17.md | 1 - jer/39/18.md | 2 - jer/39/intro.md | 3 +- jer/40/01.md | 1 - jer/40/02.md | 1 - jer/40/03.md | 1 - jer/40/04.md | 1 - jer/40/05.md | 1 - jer/40/06.md | 1 - jer/40/07.md | 1 - jer/40/08.md | 1 - jer/40/09.md | 1 - jer/40/10.md | 1 - jer/40/11.md | 1 - jer/40/12.md | 1 - jer/40/13.md | 1 - jer/40/14.md | 1 - jer/40/15.md | 1 - jer/40/16.md | 1 - jer/40/intro.md | 5 +- jer/41/01.md | 1 - jer/41/02.md | 1 - jer/41/03.md | 1 - jer/41/04.md | 1 - jer/41/05.md | 1 - jer/41/06.md | 1 - jer/41/07.md | 1 - jer/41/08.md | 1 - jer/41/09.md | 1 - jer/41/10.md | 1 - jer/41/11.md | 1 - jer/41/12.md | 1 - jer/41/13.md | 1 - jer/41/14.md | 1 - jer/41/15.md | 1 - jer/41/16.md | 1 - jer/41/17.md | 1 - jer/41/18.md | 1 - jer/41/intro.md | 6 +- jer/42/01.md | 1 - jer/42/02.md | 1 - jer/42/03.md | 1 - jer/42/04.md | 1 - jer/42/05.md | 1 - jer/42/06.md | 1 - jer/42/07.md | 1 - jer/42/08.md | 1 - jer/42/09.md | 1 - jer/42/10.md | 1 - jer/42/11.md | 1 - jer/42/12.md | 1 - jer/42/13.md | 1 - jer/42/14.md | 1 - jer/42/15.md | 1 - jer/42/16.md | 1 - jer/42/17.md | 1 - jer/42/18.md | 1 - jer/42/19.md | 1 - jer/42/20.md | 1 - jer/42/21.md | 1 - jer/42/22.md | 1 - jer/42/intro.md | 6 +- jer/43/01.md | 1 - jer/43/02.md | 1 - jer/43/03.md | 1 - jer/43/04.md | 1 - jer/43/05.md | 1 - jer/43/06.md | 1 - jer/43/07.md | 1 - jer/43/08.md | 1 - jer/43/09.md | 1 - jer/43/10.md | 1 - jer/43/11.md | 1 - jer/43/12.md | 1 - jer/43/13.md | 1 - jer/43/intro.md | 16 ++--- jer/44/01.md | 1 - jer/44/02.md | 1 - jer/44/03.md | 1 - jer/44/04.md | 1 - jer/44/05.md | 1 - jer/44/06.md | 1 - jer/44/07.md | 1 - jer/44/08.md | 1 - jer/44/09.md | 1 - jer/44/10.md | 1 - jer/44/11.md | 1 - jer/44/12.md | 3 +- jer/44/13.md | 1 - jer/44/14.md | 1 - jer/44/15.md | 1 - jer/44/16.md | 1 - jer/44/17.md | 1 - jer/44/18.md | 1 - jer/44/19.md | 1 - jer/44/20.md | 1 - jer/44/21.md | 1 - jer/44/22.md | 1 - jer/44/23.md | 1 - jer/44/24.md | 1 - jer/44/25.md | 1 - jer/44/26.md | 1 - jer/44/27.md | 1 - jer/44/28.md | 1 - jer/44/29.md | 1 - jer/44/30.md | 1 - jer/44/intro.md | 7 +-- jer/45/01.md | 1 - jer/45/02.md | 1 - jer/45/03.md | 1 - jer/45/04.md | 1 - jer/45/05.md | 1 - jer/45/intro.md | 3 +- jer/46/01.md | 1 - jer/46/02.md | 1 - jer/46/03.md | 1 - jer/46/04.md | 1 - jer/46/05.md | 1 - jer/46/06.md | 1 - jer/46/07.md | 1 - jer/46/08.md | 1 - jer/46/09.md | 1 - jer/46/10.md | 1 - jer/46/11.md | 1 - jer/46/12.md | 1 - jer/46/13.md | 1 - jer/46/14.md | 1 - jer/46/15.md | 1 - jer/46/16.md | 1 - jer/46/17.md | 1 - jer/46/18.md | 1 - jer/46/19.md | 1 - jer/46/20.md | 1 - jer/46/21.md | 1 - jer/46/22.md | 1 - jer/46/23.md | 1 - jer/46/24.md | 1 - jer/46/25.md | 1 - jer/46/26.md | 1 - jer/46/27.md | 1 - jer/46/28.md | 1 - jer/46/intro.md | 16 ++--- jer/47/01.md | 1 - jer/47/02.md | 1 - jer/47/03.md | 1 - jer/47/04.md | 1 - jer/47/05.md | 1 - jer/47/06.md | 1 - jer/47/07.md | 1 - jer/47/intro.md | 8 +-- jer/48/01.md | 5 +- jer/48/02.md | 1 - jer/48/03.md | 1 - jer/48/04.md | 1 - jer/48/05.md | 1 - jer/48/06.md | 1 - jer/48/07.md | 1 - jer/48/08.md | 1 - jer/48/09.md | 1 - jer/48/10.md | 1 - jer/48/11.md | 1 - jer/48/12.md | 1 - jer/48/13.md | 1 - jer/48/14.md | 1 - jer/48/15.md | 1 - jer/48/16.md | 1 - jer/48/17.md | 1 - jer/48/18.md | 1 - jer/48/19.md | 1 - jer/48/20.md | 1 - jer/48/21.md | 1 - jer/48/22.md | 1 - jer/48/23.md | 1 - jer/48/24.md | 1 - jer/48/25.md | 1 - jer/48/26.md | 1 - jer/48/27.md | 1 - jer/48/28.md | 1 - jer/48/29.md | 1 - jer/48/30.md | 1 - jer/48/31.md | 1 - jer/48/32.md | 2 +- jer/48/33.md | 1 - jer/48/34.md | 2 +- jer/48/35.md | 1 - jer/48/36.md | 1 - jer/48/37.md | 1 - jer/48/38.md | 1 - jer/48/39.md | 1 - jer/48/40.md | 1 - jer/48/41.md | 1 - jer/48/42.md | 1 - jer/48/43.md | 1 - jer/48/44.md | 1 - jer/48/45.md | 1 - jer/48/46.md | 1 - jer/48/47.md | 1 - jer/48/intro.md | 7 +-- jer/49/01.md | 1 - jer/49/02.md | 1 - jer/49/03.md | 1 - jer/49/04.md | 1 - jer/49/05.md | 1 - jer/49/06.md | 1 - jer/49/07.md | 1 - jer/49/08.md | 1 - jer/49/09.md | 1 - jer/49/10.md | 1 - jer/49/11.md | 1 - jer/49/12.md | 2 +- jer/49/13.md | 1 - jer/49/14.md | 1 - jer/49/15.md | 1 - jer/49/16.md | 1 - jer/49/17.md | 1 - jer/49/18.md | 1 - jer/49/19.md | 1 - jer/49/20.md | 1 - jer/49/21.md | 1 - jer/49/22.md | 1 - jer/49/23.md | 1 - jer/49/24.md | 1 - jer/49/26.md | 1 - jer/49/27.md | 1 - jer/49/28.md | 1 - jer/49/29.md | 1 - jer/49/30.md | 1 - jer/49/31.md | 1 - jer/49/32.md | 1 - jer/49/33.md | 1 - jer/49/34.md | 1 - jer/49/35.md | 1 - jer/49/36.md | 1 - jer/49/37.md | 1 - jer/49/38.md | 1 - jer/49/39.md | 1 - jer/49/intro.md | 15 +++-- jer/50/01.md | 1 - jer/50/02.md | 1 - jer/50/03.md | 1 - jer/50/04.md | 1 - jer/50/05.md | 1 - jer/50/06.md | 1 - jer/50/07.md | 1 - jer/50/08.md | 1 - jer/50/09.md | 1 - jer/50/10.md | 1 - jer/50/11.md | 1 - jer/50/12.md | 1 - jer/50/13.md | 1 - jer/50/14.md | 1 - jer/50/15.md | 1 - jer/50/16.md | 1 - jer/50/17.md | 1 - jer/50/18.md | 1 - jer/50/19.md | 1 - jer/50/20.md | 1 - jer/50/21.md | 1 - jer/50/22.md | 1 - jer/50/23.md | 1 - jer/50/24.md | 1 - jer/50/25.md | 1 - jer/50/26.md | 1 - jer/50/27.md | 1 - jer/50/28.md | 1 - jer/50/29.md | 1 - jer/50/30.md | 1 - jer/50/31.md | 1 - jer/50/32.md | 1 - jer/50/33.md | 1 - jer/50/34.md | 1 - jer/50/35.md | 1 - jer/50/36.md | 1 - jer/50/37.md | 1 - jer/50/38.md | 1 - jer/50/39.md | 1 - jer/50/40.md | 1 - jer/50/41.md | 1 - jer/50/42.md | 1 - jer/50/43.md | 1 - jer/50/44.md | 1 - jer/50/45.md | 1 - jer/50/46.md | 1 - jer/50/intro.md | 13 ++-- jer/51/01.md | 1 - jer/51/02.md | 1 - jer/51/03.md | 1 - jer/51/04.md | 1 - jer/51/05.md | 1 - jer/51/06.md | 1 - jer/51/07.md | 1 - jer/51/08.md | 1 - jer/51/09.md | 1 - jer/51/10.md | 1 - jer/51/11.md | 1 - jer/51/12.md | 1 - jer/51/13.md | 1 - jer/51/14.md | 1 - jer/51/15.md | 1 - jer/51/16.md | 1 - jer/51/17.md | 1 - jer/51/18.md | 1 - jer/51/19.md | 1 - jer/51/20.md | 1 - jer/51/21.md | 1 - jer/51/22.md | 1 - jer/51/23.md | 1 - jer/51/24.md | 1 - jer/51/25.md | 1 - jer/51/26.md | 1 - jer/51/27.md | 1 - jer/51/28.md | 1 - jer/51/29.md | 1 - jer/51/30.md | 1 - jer/51/31.md | 1 - jer/51/32.md | 1 - jer/51/33.md | 1 - jer/51/34.md | 1 - jer/51/35.md | 1 - jer/51/36.md | 1 - jer/51/37.md | 1 - jer/51/38.md | 1 - jer/51/39.md | 1 - jer/51/40.md | 1 - jer/51/41.md | 1 - jer/51/42.md | 1 - jer/51/43.md | 1 - jer/51/44.md | 1 - jer/51/45.md | 1 - jer/51/46.md | 1 - jer/51/47.md | 1 - jer/51/48.md | 1 - jer/51/49.md | 1 - jer/51/50.md | 1 - jer/51/51.md | 3 +- jer/51/52.md | 1 - jer/51/53.md | 1 - jer/51/54.md | 1 - jer/51/55.md | 1 - jer/51/56.md | 1 - jer/51/57.md | 1 - jer/51/58.md | 1 - jer/51/59.md | 1 - jer/51/60.md | 1 - jer/51/61.md | 1 - jer/51/62.md | 1 - jer/51/63.md | 1 - jer/51/64.md | 1 - jer/51/intro.md | 11 ++-- jer/52/01.md | 1 - jer/52/02.md | 1 - jer/52/03.md | 1 - jer/52/04.md | 1 - jer/52/05.md | 1 - jer/52/06.md | 1 - jer/52/07.md | 1 - jer/52/08.md | 1 - jer/52/09.md | 1 - jer/52/10.md | 1 - jer/52/11.md | 1 - jer/52/12.md | 1 - jer/52/13.md | 1 - jer/52/14.md | 1 - jer/52/15.md | 1 - jer/52/16.md | 1 - jer/52/17.md | 1 - jer/52/18.md | 1 - jer/52/19.md | 1 - jer/52/20.md | 1 - jer/52/21.md | 1 - jer/52/22.md | 1 - jer/52/23.md | 1 - jer/52/24.md | 1 - jer/52/25.md | 1 - jer/52/26.md | 1 - jer/52/27.md | 1 - jer/52/28.md | 1 - jer/52/29.md | 1 - jer/52/30.md | 1 - jer/52/31.md | 1 - jer/52/32.md | 1 - jer/52/33.md | 1 - jer/52/34.md | 1 - jer/52/intro.md | 3 +- jer/front/intro.md | 51 +++++++++------- jhn/01/01.md | 1 - jhn/01/02.md | 1 - jhn/01/03.md | 1 - jhn/01/04.md | 1 - jhn/01/05.md | 1 - jhn/01/06.md | 1 - jhn/01/07.md | 1 - jhn/01/08.md | 1 - jhn/01/09.md | 1 - jhn/01/10.md | 1 - jhn/01/11.md | 1 - jhn/01/12.md | 1 - jhn/01/13.md | 1 - jhn/01/14.md | 1 - jhn/01/15.md | 1 - jhn/01/16.md | 1 - jhn/01/17.md | 1 - jhn/01/18.md | 1 - jhn/01/19.md | 1 - jhn/01/20.md | 1 - jhn/01/21.md | 1 - jhn/01/22.md | 1 - jhn/01/23.md | 1 - jhn/01/24.md | 1 - jhn/01/25.md | 1 - jhn/01/26.md | 1 - jhn/01/27.md | 1 - jhn/01/28.md | 1 - jhn/01/29.md | 1 - jhn/01/30.md | 1 - jhn/01/31.md | 1 - jhn/01/32.md | 1 - jhn/01/33.md | 1 - jhn/01/34.md | 1 - jhn/01/35.md | 1 - jhn/01/36.md | 1 - jhn/01/37.md | 1 - jhn/01/38.md | 1 - jhn/01/39.md | 1 - jhn/01/40.md | 1 - jhn/01/41.md | 1 - jhn/01/42.md | 1 - jhn/01/43.md | 1 - jhn/01/44.md | 1 - jhn/01/45.md | 1 - jhn/01/46.md | 1 - jhn/01/47.md | 1 - jhn/01/48.md | 1 - jhn/01/49.md | 1 - jhn/01/50.md | 1 - jhn/01/51.md | 1 - jhn/01/intro.md | 21 +++---- jhn/02/01.md | 1 - jhn/02/02.md | 1 - jhn/02/03.md | 1 - jhn/02/04.md | 1 - jhn/02/05.md | 1 - jhn/02/06.md | 1 - jhn/02/07.md | 1 - jhn/02/08.md | 1 - jhn/02/09.md | 1 - jhn/02/10.md | 1 - jhn/02/11.md | 1 - jhn/02/12.md | 1 - jhn/02/13.md | 1 - jhn/02/14.md | 1 - jhn/02/15.md | 1 - jhn/02/16.md | 1 - jhn/02/17.md | 1 - jhn/02/18.md | 1 - jhn/02/19.md | 1 - jhn/02/20.md | 1 - jhn/02/21.md | 1 - jhn/02/22.md | 1 - jhn/02/23.md | 1 - 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jhn/18/03.md | 1 - jhn/18/04.md | 1 - jhn/18/05.md | 1 - jhn/18/06.md | 1 - jhn/18/07.md | 1 - jhn/18/08.md | 1 - jhn/18/09.md | 1 - jhn/18/10.md | 1 - jhn/18/11.md | 1 - jhn/18/12.md | 1 - jhn/18/13.md | 1 - jhn/18/14.md | 1 - jhn/18/15.md | 1 - jhn/18/17.md | 1 - jhn/18/18.md | 1 - jhn/18/19.md | 1 - jhn/18/20.md | 1 - jhn/18/21.md | 1 - jhn/18/22.md | 1 - jhn/18/23.md | 1 - jhn/18/24.md | 1 - jhn/18/25.md | 1 - jhn/18/26.md | 1 - jhn/18/27.md | 1 - jhn/18/28.md | 1 - jhn/18/29.md | 1 - jhn/18/30.md | 1 - jhn/18/31.md | 1 - jhn/18/32.md | 1 - jhn/18/33.md | 1 - jhn/18/34.md | 1 - jhn/18/35.md | 1 - jhn/18/36.md | 1 - jhn/18/37.md | 1 - jhn/18/38.md | 1 - jhn/18/39.md | 1 - jhn/18/40.md | 1 - jhn/18/intro.md | 13 ++-- jhn/19/01.md | 1 - jhn/19/02.md | 1 - jhn/19/03.md | 1 - jhn/19/04.md | 1 - jhn/19/05.md | 1 - jhn/19/06.md | 1 - jhn/19/07.md | 1 - jhn/19/08.md | 1 - jhn/19/09.md | 1 - jhn/19/10.md | 1 - jhn/19/11.md | 1 - jhn/19/12.md | 1 - jhn/19/13.md | 1 - jhn/19/14.md | 1 - jhn/19/15.md | 1 - jhn/19/16.md | 1 - jhn/19/17.md | 1 - jhn/19/18.md | 1 - jhn/19/19.md | 1 - jhn/19/20.md | 1 - jhn/19/21.md | 1 - jhn/19/22.md | 1 - jhn/19/23.md | 1 - jhn/19/24.md | 1 - jhn/19/25.md | 1 - jhn/19/26.md | 1 - jhn/19/27.md | 1 - jhn/19/28.md | 1 - jhn/19/29.md | 1 - jhn/19/30.md | 1 - jhn/19/31.md | 1 - jhn/19/32.md | 1 - jhn/19/33.md | 1 - jhn/19/34.md | 1 - jhn/19/35.md | 1 - jhn/19/36.md | 1 - jhn/19/37.md | 1 - jhn/19/38.md | 1 - jhn/19/39.md | 1 - jhn/19/40.md | 1 - jhn/19/41.md | 1 - jhn/19/42.md | 1 - jhn/19/intro.md | 19 +++--- jhn/20/01.md | 1 - jhn/20/02.md | 1 - jhn/20/03.md | 1 - jhn/20/04.md | 1 - jhn/20/05.md | 1 - jhn/20/06.md | 1 - jhn/20/07.md | 1 - jhn/20/08.md | 1 - jhn/20/09.md | 1 - jhn/20/10.md | 1 - jhn/20/11.md | 1 - jhn/20/12.md | 1 - jhn/20/13.md | 1 - jhn/20/14.md | 1 - jhn/20/15.md | 1 - jhn/20/16.md | 1 - jhn/20/17.md | 1 - jhn/20/18.md | 1 - jhn/20/19.md | 1 - jhn/20/20.md | 1 - jhn/20/21.md | 1 - jhn/20/22.md | 1 - jhn/20/23.md | 1 - jhn/20/24.md | 1 - jhn/20/25.md | 1 - jhn/20/26.md | 1 - jhn/20/27.md | 1 - jhn/20/28.md | 1 - jhn/20/29.md | 1 - jhn/20/30.md | 1 - jhn/20/31.md | 1 - jhn/20/intro.md | 15 +++-- jhn/21/01.md | 1 - jhn/21/02.md | 1 - jhn/21/03.md | 1 - jhn/21/04.md | 1 - jhn/21/05.md | 1 - jhn/21/06.md | 1 - jhn/21/07.md | 1 - jhn/21/08.md | 1 - jhn/21/09.md | 1 - jhn/21/10.md | 1 - jhn/21/11.md | 1 - jhn/21/12.md | 1 - jhn/21/13.md | 1 - jhn/21/14.md | 1 - jhn/21/15.md | 1 - jhn/21/16.md | 1 - jhn/21/17.md | 1 - jhn/21/18.md | 1 - jhn/21/19.md | 1 - jhn/21/20.md | 1 - jhn/21/21.md | 1 - jhn/21/22.md | 1 - jhn/21/23.md | 1 - jhn/21/24.md | 1 - jhn/21/25.md | 1 - jhn/21/intro.md | 5 +- jhn/front/intro.md | 28 +++++---- job/01/01.md | 1 - job/01/02.md | 1 - job/01/03.md | 1 - job/01/04.md | 1 - job/01/05.md | 1 - job/01/06.md | 1 - job/01/07.md | 1 - job/01/08.md | 1 - job/01/09.md | 1 - job/01/10.md | 1 - job/01/11.md | 1 - job/01/12.md | 1 - job/01/13.md | 1 - job/01/14.md | 1 - job/01/15.md | 1 - job/01/16.md | 1 - job/01/17.md | 3 +- job/01/18.md | 1 - job/01/19.md | 1 - job/01/20.md | 1 - job/01/21.md | 1 - job/01/22.md | 1 - job/01/intro.md | 14 +++-- job/02/01.md | 1 - job/02/02.md | 1 - job/02/03.md | 1 - job/02/04.md | 1 - job/02/05.md | 1 - job/02/06.md | 1 - job/02/07.md | 1 - job/02/08.md | 1 - job/02/09.md | 1 - job/02/10.md | 1 - job/02/11.md | 1 - job/02/12.md | 1 - job/02/13.md | 1 - job/02/intro.md | 3 +- job/03/01.md | 1 - job/03/02.md | 1 - job/03/03.md | 1 - job/03/04.md | 1 - job/03/05.md | 1 - job/03/06.md | 1 - job/03/07.md | 1 - job/03/08.md | 1 - job/03/09.md | 1 - job/03/10.md | 1 - job/03/11.md | 1 - job/03/12.md | 1 - job/03/13.md | 2 - job/03/14.md | 1 - job/03/15.md | 1 - job/03/16.md | 3 +- job/03/17.md | 1 - job/03/19.md | 1 - job/03/20.md | 1 - job/03/21.md | 1 - job/03/22.md | 1 - job/03/24.md | 1 - job/03/25.md | 1 - job/03/26.md | 1 - job/03/intro.md | 8 +-- job/04/01.md | 1 - job/04/02.md | 1 - job/04/03.md | 1 - job/04/04.md | 1 - job/04/05.md | 1 - job/04/06.md | 1 - job/04/07.md | 1 - job/04/08.md | 1 - job/04/09.md | 1 - job/04/10.md | 1 - job/04/11.md | 1 - job/04/12.md | 1 - job/04/13.md | 1 - job/04/14.md | 1 - job/04/15.md | 1 - job/04/16.md | 1 - job/04/17.md | 1 - job/04/18.md | 1 - job/04/19.md | 1 - job/04/20.md | 1 - job/04/21.md | 1 - job/04/intro.md | 7 +-- job/05/01.md | 1 - job/05/02.md | 1 - job/05/03.md | 1 - job/05/04.md | 1 - job/05/05.md | 1 - job/05/06.md | 1 - job/05/07.md | 1 - job/05/09.md | 1 - job/05/10.md | 1 - job/05/11.md | 1 - job/05/12.md | 1 - job/05/13.md | 1 - job/05/14.md | 1 - job/05/15.md | 1 - job/05/16.md | 1 - job/05/17.md | 1 - job/05/18.md | 1 - job/05/19.md | 1 - job/05/20.md | 1 - job/05/21.md | 1 - job/05/22.md | 1 - job/05/23.md | 1 - job/05/24.md | 1 - job/05/25.md | 1 - job/05/26.md | 1 - job/05/27.md | 1 - job/05/intro.md | 13 ++-- job/06/01.md | 1 - job/06/02.md | 1 - job/06/03.md | 1 - job/06/04.md | 1 - job/06/05.md | 1 - job/06/06.md | 1 - job/06/07.md | 1 - job/06/08.md | 1 - job/06/09.md | 1 - job/06/10.md | 1 - job/06/11.md | 1 - job/06/12.md | 1 - job/06/13.md | 1 - job/06/14.md | 1 - job/06/15.md | 1 - job/06/16.md | 1 - job/06/17.md | 1 - job/06/18.md | 1 - job/06/19.md | 1 - job/06/20.md | 1 - job/06/21.md | 1 - job/06/22.md | 1 - job/06/23.md | 1 - job/06/24.md | 1 - job/06/25.md | 1 - job/06/26.md | 1 - job/06/27.md | 1 - job/06/28.md | 1 - job/06/29.md | 1 - job/06/30.md | 1 - job/06/intro.md | 16 ++--- job/07/01.md | 1 - job/07/02.md | 1 - job/07/03.md | 1 - job/07/04.md | 1 - job/07/05.md | 1 - job/07/06.md | 1 - job/07/07.md | 1 - job/07/08.md | 1 - job/07/09.md | 1 - job/07/10.md | 1 - job/07/11.md | 1 - job/07/12.md | 1 - job/07/13.md | 1 - job/07/14.md | 1 - job/07/15.md | 1 - job/07/16.md | 1 - job/07/17.md | 1 - job/07/18.md | 1 - job/07/19.md | 1 - job/07/20.md | 1 - job/07/21.md | 1 - job/07/intro.md | 16 ++--- job/08/01.md | 1 - job/08/02.md | 1 - job/08/03.md | 1 - job/08/04.md | 1 - job/08/05.md | 1 - job/08/06.md | 1 - job/08/07.md | 1 - job/08/08.md | 1 - job/08/09.md | 1 - job/08/10.md | 1 - job/08/11.md | 1 - job/08/12.md | 1 - job/08/13.md | 1 - job/08/14.md | 1 - job/08/15.md | 1 - job/08/16.md | 1 - job/08/17.md | 1 - job/08/18.md | 1 - job/08/19.md | 1 - job/08/20.md | 1 - job/08/21.md | 1 - job/08/22.md | 1 - job/08/intro.md | 7 +-- job/09/01.md | 1 - job/09/02.md | 1 - job/09/03.md | 1 - job/09/04.md | 1 - job/09/05.md | 1 - job/09/06.md | 1 - job/09/07.md | 1 - job/09/08.md | 1 - job/09/09.md | 1 - job/09/10.md | 1 - job/09/11.md | 1 - job/09/12.md | 1 - job/09/13.md | 1 - job/09/14.md | 1 - job/09/15.md | 1 - job/09/16.md | 1 - job/09/17.md | 1 - job/09/18.md | 1 - job/09/19.md | 1 - job/09/20.md | 1 - job/09/21.md | 1 - job/09/22.md | 1 - job/09/23.md | 1 - job/09/24.md | 1 - job/09/25.md | 1 - job/09/26.md | 1 - job/09/27.md | 1 - job/09/28.md | 1 - job/09/29.md | 1 - job/09/30.md | 1 - job/09/31.md | 1 - job/09/32.md | 1 - job/09/33.md | 1 - job/09/34.md | 1 - job/09/35.md | 1 - job/09/intro.md | 16 ++--- job/10/01.md | 1 - job/10/02.md | 1 - job/10/03.md | 3 +- job/10/04.md | 1 - job/10/05.md | 1 - job/10/06.md | 1 - job/10/07.md | 1 - job/10/08.md | 1 - job/10/09.md | 1 - job/10/10.md | 1 - job/10/11.md | 1 - job/10/12.md | 1 - job/10/13.md | 1 - job/10/14.md | 1 - job/10/15.md | 1 - job/10/16.md | 1 - job/10/17.md | 1 - job/10/18.md | 1 - job/10/19.md | 1 - job/10/20.md | 1 - job/10/21.md | 1 - job/10/22.md | 1 - job/10/intro.md | 13 ++-- job/11/01.md | 1 - job/11/02.md | 1 - job/11/03.md | 1 - job/11/04.md | 1 - job/11/05.md | 1 - job/11/06.md | 1 - job/11/07.md | 1 - job/11/08.md | 1 - job/11/09.md | 1 - job/11/10.md | 1 - job/11/11.md | 1 - job/11/12.md | 1 - job/11/13.md | 1 - job/11/14.md | 1 - job/11/15.md | 1 - job/11/16.md | 1 - job/11/17.md | 1 - job/11/18.md | 1 - job/11/19.md | 1 - job/11/20.md | 2 +- job/11/intro.md | 7 +-- job/12/01.md | 1 - job/12/02.md | 1 - job/12/03.md | 1 - job/12/04.md | 1 - job/12/05.md | 1 - job/12/06.md | 1 - job/12/07.md | 1 - job/12/08.md | 1 - job/12/09.md | 1 - job/12/10.md | 1 - job/12/11.md | 1 - job/12/12.md | 1 - job/12/13.md | 1 - job/12/14.md | 1 - job/12/15.md | 1 - job/12/16.md | 1 - job/12/17.md | 1 - job/12/18.md | 1 - job/12/19.md | 1 - job/12/20.md | 1 - job/12/22.md | 1 - job/12/23.md | 1 - job/12/24.md | 1 - job/12/25.md | 1 - job/12/intro.md | 16 ++--- job/13/01.md | 1 - job/13/02.md | 1 - job/13/03.md | 1 - job/13/04.md | 1 - job/13/05.md | 1 - job/13/06.md | 1 - job/13/07.md | 1 - job/13/08.md | 1 - job/13/09.md | 1 - job/13/10.md | 1 - job/13/11.md | 1 - job/13/12.md | 1 - job/13/13.md | 1 - job/13/14.md | 1 - job/13/15.md | 1 - job/13/16.md | 1 - job/13/17.md | 1 - job/13/18.md | 1 - job/13/19.md | 1 - job/13/20.md | 1 - job/13/21.md | 1 - job/13/22.md | 1 - job/13/23.md | 1 - job/13/24.md | 1 - job/13/25.md | 1 - job/13/26.md | 1 - job/13/27.md | 1 - job/13/28.md | 1 - job/13/intro.md | 13 ++-- job/14/01.md | 1 - job/14/02.md | 1 - job/14/03.md | 1 - job/14/04.md | 1 - job/14/05.md | 1 - job/14/06.md | 1 - job/14/07.md | 1 - job/14/08.md | 1 - job/14/09.md | 1 - job/14/10.md | 1 - job/14/11.md | 1 - job/14/12.md | 1 - job/14/13.md | 1 - job/14/14.md | 1 - job/14/15.md | 1 - job/14/16.md | 1 - job/14/17.md | 1 - job/14/18.md | 1 - job/14/19.md | 1 - job/14/20.md | 1 - job/14/21.md | 1 - job/14/22.md | 1 - job/14/intro.md | 13 ++-- job/15/01.md | 1 - job/15/02.md | 1 - job/15/03.md | 1 - job/15/04.md | 1 - job/15/05.md | 1 - job/15/06.md | 1 - job/15/07.md | 1 - job/15/08.md | 1 - job/15/09.md | 1 - job/15/10.md | 1 - job/15/11.md | 1 - job/15/12.md | 1 - job/15/13.md | 1 - job/15/14.md | 1 - job/15/15.md | 1 - job/15/16.md | 1 - job/15/17.md | 1 - job/15/18.md | 1 - job/15/19.md | 1 - job/15/20.md | 1 - job/15/21.md | 1 - job/15/22.md | 1 - job/15/23.md | 1 - job/15/24.md | 1 - job/15/25.md | 1 - job/15/26.md | 1 - job/15/27.md | 1 - job/15/28.md | 1 - job/15/29.md | 1 - job/15/30.md | 1 - job/15/31.md | 1 - job/15/32.md | 1 - job/15/33.md | 1 - job/15/34.md | 1 - job/15/35.md | 1 - job/15/intro.md | 8 +-- job/16/01.md | 1 - job/16/02.md | 1 - job/16/03.md | 1 - job/16/04.md | 1 - job/16/05.md | 1 - job/16/06.md | 1 - job/16/07.md | 1 - job/16/08.md | 1 - job/16/09.md | 1 - job/16/10.md | 1 - job/16/11.md | 1 - job/16/12.md | 1 - job/16/13.md | 1 - job/16/14.md | 1 - job/16/15.md | 1 - job/16/16.md | 1 - job/16/17.md | 1 - job/16/18.md | 1 - job/16/19.md | 1 - job/16/20.md | 1 - job/16/21.md | 1 - job/16/22.md | 1 - job/16/intro.md | 11 ++-- job/17/01.md | 1 - job/17/02.md | 1 - job/17/03.md | 1 - job/17/04.md | 1 - job/17/05.md | 1 - job/17/06.md | 1 - job/17/07.md | 1 - job/17/08.md | 1 - job/17/09.md | 1 - job/17/10.md | 1 - job/17/11.md | 1 - job/17/12.md | 1 - job/17/13.md | 1 - job/17/14.md | 1 - job/17/15.md | 1 - job/17/16.md | 1 - job/17/intro.md | 11 ++-- job/18/01.md | 1 - job/18/02.md | 1 - job/18/03.md | 1 - job/18/04.md | 1 - job/18/05.md | 1 - job/18/06.md | 1 - job/18/07.md | 1 - job/18/08.md | 1 - job/18/09.md | 1 - job/18/10.md | 1 - job/18/11.md | 1 - job/18/12.md | 1 - job/18/13.md | 1 - job/18/14.md | 1 - job/18/15.md | 1 - job/18/16.md | 1 - job/18/17.md | 1 - job/18/18.md | 1 - job/18/19.md | 1 - job/18/20.md | 1 - job/18/21.md | 1 - job/18/intro.md | 5 +- job/19/01.md | 1 - job/19/02.md | 1 - job/19/03.md | 1 - job/19/04.md | 1 - job/19/05.md | 1 - job/19/06.md | 1 - job/19/07.md | 1 - job/19/08.md | 1 - job/19/09.md | 1 - job/19/10.md | 1 - job/19/11.md | 1 - job/19/12.md | 1 - job/19/13.md | 1 - job/19/14.md | 1 - job/19/15.md | 1 - job/19/16.md | 1 - job/19/17.md | 1 - job/19/18.md | 1 - job/19/19.md | 1 - job/19/20.md | 1 - job/19/21.md | 1 - job/19/22.md | 1 - job/19/23.md | 1 - job/19/24.md | 1 - job/19/25.md | 1 - job/19/26.md | 1 - job/19/27.md | 1 - job/19/28.md | 1 - job/19/29.md | 1 - job/19/intro.md | 3 +- job/20/01.md | 1 - job/20/02.md | 1 - job/20/03.md | 1 - job/20/04.md | 1 - job/20/05.md | 1 - job/20/06.md | 1 - job/20/07.md | 1 - job/20/08.md | 1 - job/20/09.md | 1 - job/20/10.md | 1 - job/20/11.md | 1 - job/20/12.md | 1 - job/20/13.md | 1 - job/20/14.md | 1 - job/20/15.md | 1 - job/20/16.md | 1 - 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job/22/04.md | 1 - job/22/05.md | 1 - job/22/06.md | 1 - job/22/07.md | 1 - job/22/08.md | 1 - job/22/09.md | 1 - job/22/10.md | 1 - job/22/11.md | 1 - job/22/12.md | 1 - job/22/13.md | 1 - job/22/14.md | 1 - job/22/15.md | 1 - job/22/16.md | 1 - job/22/17.md | 1 - job/22/18.md | 1 - job/22/19.md | 1 - job/22/20.md | 1 - job/22/21.md | 1 - job/22/22.md | 1 - job/22/23.md | 1 - job/22/24.md | 1 - job/22/25.md | 1 - job/22/26.md | 1 - job/22/27.md | 1 - job/22/28.md | 1 - job/22/29.md | 1 - job/22/30.md | 1 - job/22/intro.md | 13 ++-- job/23/01.md | 1 - job/23/02.md | 1 - job/23/03.md | 1 - job/23/04.md | 1 - job/23/05.md | 1 - job/23/06.md | 1 - job/23/07.md | 1 - job/23/08.md | 1 - job/23/09.md | 1 - job/23/10.md | 1 - job/23/11.md | 1 - job/23/12.md | 1 - job/23/13.md | 1 - job/23/14.md | 1 - job/23/15.md | 1 - job/23/16.md | 1 - job/23/17.md | 1 - job/23/intro.md | 10 +-- job/24/01.md | 1 - job/24/02.md | 1 - job/24/03.md | 1 - job/24/04.md | 1 - job/24/05.md | 1 - job/24/06.md | 1 - job/24/07.md | 1 - job/24/08.md | 1 - job/24/09.md | 2 - job/24/10.md | 1 - job/24/11.md | 1 - job/24/12.md | 1 - job/24/13.md | 1 - job/24/14.md | 1 - job/24/15.md | 1 - job/24/16.md | 1 - job/24/17.md | 1 - job/24/18.md | 1 - job/24/19.md | 1 - job/24/20.md | 1 - job/24/21.md | 1 - job/24/22.md | 1 - job/24/23.md | 1 - job/24/24.md | 1 - job/24/25.md | 1 - job/24/intro.md | 13 ++-- job/25/01.md | 1 - job/25/02.md | 1 - job/25/03.md | 1 - job/25/04.md | 1 - job/25/05.md | 1 - job/25/06.md | 1 - job/25/intro.md | 13 ++-- job/26/01.md | 1 - job/26/02.md | 1 - job/26/03.md | 1 - job/26/04.md | 1 - job/26/05.md | 1 - job/26/06.md | 1 - job/26/07.md | 1 - job/26/08.md | 1 - job/26/09.md | 1 - job/26/10.md | 1 - job/26/11.md | 1 - job/26/12.md | 1 - job/26/13.md | 1 - job/26/14.md | 1 - job/26/intro.md | 17 +++--- job/27/01.md | 1 - job/27/02.md | 1 - job/27/03.md | 1 - job/27/04.md | 1 - job/27/05.md | 1 - job/27/06.md | 1 - job/27/07.md | 1 - job/27/08.md | 1 - job/27/09.md | 1 - job/27/10.md | 1 - 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luk/16/23.md | 1 - luk/16/24.md | 1 - luk/16/25.md | 1 - luk/16/26.md | 1 - luk/16/27.md | 1 - luk/16/28.md | 1 - luk/16/29.md | 1 - luk/16/30.md | 1 - luk/16/31.md | 1 - luk/16/intro.md | 1 - luk/17/01.md | 1 - luk/17/02.md | 1 - luk/17/03.md | 1 - luk/17/04.md | 1 - luk/17/05.md | 1 - luk/17/06.md | 1 - luk/17/07.md | 1 - luk/17/08.md | 1 - luk/17/09.md | 1 - luk/17/10.md | 1 - luk/17/11.md | 1 - luk/17/12.md | 1 - luk/17/13.md | 1 - luk/17/14.md | 1 - luk/17/15.md | 1 - luk/17/16.md | 1 - luk/17/17.md | 1 - luk/17/18.md | 1 - luk/17/19.md | 1 - luk/17/20.md | 1 - luk/17/21.md | 1 - luk/17/22.md | 1 - luk/17/23.md | 1 - luk/17/24.md | 1 - luk/17/25.md | 1 - luk/17/26.md | 1 - luk/17/27.md | 1 - luk/17/28.md | 1 - luk/17/29.md | 1 - luk/17/30.md | 1 - luk/17/31.md | 1 - luk/17/32.md | 1 - luk/17/33.md | 1 - luk/17/34.md | 1 - luk/17/35.md | 1 - luk/17/36.md | 1 - luk/17/37.md | 1 - luk/17/intro.md | 15 +++-- luk/18/01.md | 1 - luk/18/02.md | 1 - luk/18/03.md | 1 - luk/18/04.md | 1 - luk/18/05.md | 1 - luk/18/06.md | 1 - luk/18/07.md | 1 - luk/18/08.md | 1 - luk/18/09.md | 1 - luk/18/10.md | 1 - luk/18/11.md | 1 - luk/18/12.md | 1 - luk/18/13.md | 1 - luk/18/14.md | 1 - luk/18/15.md | 1 - luk/18/16.md | 1 - luk/18/17.md | 1 - luk/18/18.md | 1 - luk/18/19.md | 1 - luk/18/20.md | 1 - luk/18/21.md | 1 - luk/18/22.md | 1 - luk/18/23.md | 1 - luk/18/24.md | 1 - luk/18/25.md | 1 - luk/18/26.md | 1 - luk/18/27.md | 1 - luk/18/28.md | 1 - luk/18/29.md | 1 - luk/18/30.md | 1 - luk/18/31.md | 1 - luk/18/32.md | 1 - luk/18/33.md | 1 - luk/18/34.md | 1 - luk/18/35.md | 1 - luk/18/36.md | 1 - luk/18/37.md | 1 - luk/18/38.md | 1 - luk/18/39.md | 1 - luk/18/40.md | 1 - luk/18/41.md | 1 - luk/18/42.md | 1 - luk/18/43.md | 1 - luk/18/intro.md | 13 ++-- luk/19/01.md | 1 - luk/19/02.md | 1 - luk/19/03.md | 1 - luk/19/04.md | 1 - luk/19/05.md | 1 - luk/19/06.md | 1 - luk/19/07.md | 1 - luk/19/08.md | 1 - luk/19/09.md | 1 - luk/19/10.md | 1 - luk/19/11.md | 1 - luk/19/12.md | 1 - luk/19/13.md | 1 - luk/19/14.md | 1 - luk/19/15.md | 1 - luk/19/16.md | 1 - luk/19/17.md | 1 - luk/19/18.md | 1 - luk/19/19.md | 1 - luk/19/20.md | 1 - luk/19/21.md | 1 - luk/19/22.md | 1 - luk/19/23.md | 1 - luk/19/24.md | 1 - luk/19/25.md | 1 - luk/19/26.md | 1 - luk/19/27.md | 1 - luk/19/28.md | 1 - luk/19/29.md | 1 - luk/19/30.md | 1 - luk/19/31.md | 1 - luk/19/32.md | 1 - luk/19/33.md | 1 - luk/19/34.md | 1 - luk/19/35.md | 1 - luk/19/36.md | 1 - luk/19/37.md | 1 - luk/19/38.md | 1 - luk/19/39.md | 1 - luk/19/40.md | 1 - luk/19/41.md | 1 - luk/19/42.md | 1 - luk/19/43.md | 1 - luk/19/44.md | 1 - luk/19/45.md | 1 - luk/19/46.md | 1 - luk/19/47.md | 1 - luk/19/48.md | 1 - luk/19/intro.md | 16 ++--- luk/20/01.md | 1 - luk/20/02.md | 1 - luk/20/03.md | 1 - luk/20/04.md | 1 - luk/20/05.md | 1 - luk/20/06.md | 1 - luk/20/07.md | 1 - luk/20/08.md | 1 - luk/20/09.md | 1 - luk/20/10.md | 1 - luk/20/11.md | 1 - luk/20/12.md | 1 - luk/20/13.md | 1 - luk/20/14.md | 1 - luk/20/15.md | 1 - luk/20/16.md | 1 - luk/20/17.md | 1 - luk/20/18.md | 1 - luk/20/19.md | 1 - luk/20/20.md | 1 - luk/20/21.md | 1 - luk/20/22.md | 1 - luk/20/23.md | 1 - luk/20/24.md | 1 - luk/20/25.md | 1 - luk/20/26.md | 1 - luk/20/27.md | 1 - luk/20/28.md | 1 - luk/20/29.md | 1 - luk/20/30.md | 1 - luk/20/31.md | 1 - luk/20/32.md | 1 - luk/20/33.md | 1 - luk/20/34.md | 1 - luk/20/35.md | 1 - luk/20/36.md | 1 - luk/20/37.md | 1 - luk/20/38.md | 1 - luk/20/39.md | 1 - luk/20/40.md | 1 - luk/20/41.md | 1 - luk/20/42.md | 1 - luk/20/43.md | 1 - luk/20/44.md | 1 - luk/20/45.md | 1 - luk/20/46.md | 1 - luk/20/47.md | 1 - luk/20/intro.md | 11 ++-- luk/21/01.md | 1 - luk/21/02.md | 1 - luk/21/03.md | 1 - luk/21/04.md | 1 - luk/21/05.md | 1 - luk/21/06.md | 2 +- luk/21/07.md | 1 - luk/21/08.md | 1 - luk/21/09.md | 1 - luk/21/10.md | 1 - luk/21/11.md | 1 - luk/21/12.md | 1 - luk/21/13.md | 1 - luk/21/14.md | 1 - luk/21/15.md | 1 - luk/21/16.md | 1 - luk/21/17.md | 1 - luk/21/18.md | 1 - luk/21/19.md | 1 - luk/21/20.md | 1 - luk/21/21.md | 1 - luk/21/22.md | 1 - luk/21/23.md | 1 - luk/21/24.md | 1 - luk/21/25.md | 1 - luk/21/26.md | 1 - luk/21/27.md | 1 - luk/21/28.md | 1 - luk/21/29.md | 1 - luk/21/30.md | 1 - luk/21/31.md | 1 - luk/21/32.md | 1 - luk/21/33.md | 1 - luk/21/34.md | 1 - luk/21/35.md | 1 - luk/21/36.md | 1 - luk/21/37.md | 1 - luk/21/38.md | 1 - luk/21/intro.md | 13 ++-- luk/22/01.md | 1 - luk/22/02.md | 1 - luk/22/03.md | 1 - luk/22/04.md | 1 - luk/22/05.md | 1 - luk/22/06.md | 1 - luk/22/07.md | 1 - luk/22/08.md | 1 - luk/22/09.md | 1 - luk/22/10.md | 1 - luk/22/11.md | 1 - luk/22/12.md | 1 - luk/22/13.md | 1 - luk/22/14.md | 1 - luk/22/15.md | 1 - luk/22/16.md | 1 - luk/22/17.md | 1 - luk/22/18.md | 1 - luk/22/19.md | 1 - luk/22/20.md | 1 - luk/22/21.md | 1 - luk/22/22.md | 1 - luk/22/23.md | 1 - luk/22/24.md | 1 - luk/22/25.md | 1 - luk/22/26.md | 3 +- luk/22/27.md | 1 - luk/22/28.md | 1 - luk/22/29.md | 1 - luk/22/30.md | 1 - luk/22/31.md | 1 - luk/22/32.md | 1 - luk/22/33.md | 1 - luk/22/34.md | 1 - luk/22/35.md | 1 - luk/22/36.md | 1 - luk/22/37.md | 1 - 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luk/24/15.md | 1 - luk/24/16.md | 1 - luk/24/17.md | 1 - luk/24/18.md | 1 - luk/24/19.md | 1 - luk/24/20.md | 1 - luk/24/21.md | 1 - luk/24/22.md | 1 - luk/24/23.md | 1 - luk/24/24.md | 1 - luk/24/25.md | 1 - luk/24/26.md | 1 - luk/24/27.md | 1 - luk/24/28.md | 1 - luk/24/29.md | 1 - luk/24/30.md | 1 - luk/24/31.md | 1 - luk/24/32.md | 1 - luk/24/33.md | 1 - luk/24/34.md | 1 - luk/24/35.md | 1 - luk/24/36.md | 1 - luk/24/37.md | 1 - luk/24/38.md | 1 - luk/24/39.md | 1 - luk/24/40.md | 1 - luk/24/41.md | 1 - luk/24/42.md | 1 - luk/24/43.md | 1 - luk/24/44.md | 1 - luk/24/45.md | 1 - luk/24/46.md | 1 - luk/24/47.md | 1 - luk/24/48.md | 1 - luk/24/49.md | 1 - luk/24/50.md | 1 - luk/24/51.md | 1 - luk/24/52.md | 1 - luk/24/53.md | 1 - luk/24/intro.md | 17 +++--- luk/front/intro.md | 19 +++--- mal/01/01.md | 1 - mal/01/02.md | 1 - mal/01/03.md | 1 - mal/01/04.md | 1 - mal/01/05.md | 1 - mal/01/06.md | 1 - mal/01/07.md | 1 - mal/01/08.md | 2 +- mal/01/09.md | 1 - mal/01/10.md | 1 - mal/01/11.md | 1 - mal/01/12.md | 1 - mal/01/13.md | 1 - mal/01/14.md | 1 - mal/01/intro.md | 11 ++-- mal/02/01.md | 1 - mal/02/02.md | 1 - mal/02/03.md | 1 - mal/02/04.md | 1 - mal/02/05.md | 1 - mal/02/06.md | 1 - mal/02/07.md | 1 - mal/02/08.md | 1 - mal/02/09.md | 1 - mal/02/10.md | 1 - mal/02/11.md | 1 - mal/02/12.md | 1 - mal/02/13.md | 1 - mal/02/14.md | 1 - mal/02/15.md | 1 - mal/02/16.md | 1 - mal/02/17.md | 1 - mal/02/intro.md | 11 ++-- mal/03/01.md | 1 - mal/03/02.md | 1 - mal/03/03.md | 1 - mal/03/04.md | 1 - mal/03/05.md | 1 - mal/03/06.md | 1 - mal/03/07.md | 1 - mal/03/08.md | 1 - mal/03/09.md | 1 - mal/03/10.md | 1 - mal/03/11.md | 1 - mal/03/12.md | 1 - mal/03/13.md | 1 - mal/03/14.md | 1 - mal/03/15.md | 1 - mal/03/16.md | 1 - mal/03/17.md | 1 - mal/03/18.md | 1 - mal/03/intro.md | 11 ++-- mal/04/01.md | 1 - mal/04/02.md | 1 - mal/04/03.md | 1 - mal/04/04.md | 1 - mal/04/05.md | 1 - mal/04/06.md | 1 - mal/04/intro.md | 6 +- mal/front/intro.md | 1 - mat/01/01.md | 1 - mat/01/02.md | 1 - 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mat/03/05.md | 1 - mat/03/06.md | 1 - mat/03/07.md | 1 - mat/03/08.md | 1 - mat/03/09.md | 1 - mat/03/10.md | 1 - mat/03/11.md | 1 - mat/03/12.md | 1 - mat/03/13.md | 1 - mat/03/14.md | 1 - mat/03/15.md | 1 - mat/03/16.md | 1 - mat/03/17.md | 1 - mat/03/intro.md | 14 ++--- mat/04/01.md | 1 - mat/04/02.md | 1 - mat/04/03.md | 1 - mat/04/04.md | 1 - mat/04/05.md | 1 - mat/04/06.md | 1 - mat/04/07.md | 1 - mat/04/08.md | 1 - mat/04/09.md | 1 - mat/04/10.md | 1 - mat/04/11.md | 1 - mat/04/12.md | 1 - mat/04/13.md | 1 - mat/04/14.md | 1 - mat/04/15.md | 1 - mat/04/16.md | 1 - mat/04/17.md | 1 - mat/04/18.md | 1 - mat/04/19.md | 1 - mat/04/20.md | 1 - mat/04/21.md | 1 - mat/04/22.md | 1 - mat/04/23.md | 1 - mat/04/24.md | 1 - mat/04/25.md | 1 - mat/04/intro.md | 10 +-- mat/05/01.md | 1 - mat/05/02.md | 1 - mat/05/03.md | 1 - mat/05/04.md | 1 - mat/05/05.md | 1 - mat/05/06.md | 1 - mat/05/07.md | 1 - mat/05/08.md | 1 - mat/05/09.md | 1 - mat/05/10.md | 1 - mat/05/11.md | 1 - mat/05/12.md | 1 - mat/05/13.md | 1 - mat/05/14.md | 1 - mat/05/15.md | 1 - mat/05/16.md | 1 - mat/05/17.md | 1 - mat/05/18.md | 1 - mat/05/19.md | 1 - mat/05/20.md | 1 - mat/05/21.md | 1 - mat/05/22.md | 1 - mat/05/23.md | 1 - mat/05/24.md | 1 - mat/05/25.md | 1 - mat/05/26.md | 1 - mat/05/27.md | 1 - mat/05/28.md | 1 - mat/05/29.md | 1 - mat/05/30.md | 1 - mat/05/31.md | 1 - mat/05/32.md | 1 - mat/05/33.md | 1 - mat/05/34.md | 1 - mat/05/35.md | 1 - mat/05/36.md | 1 - mat/05/37.md | 1 - mat/05/38.md | 1 - mat/05/39.md | 1 - mat/05/40.md | 1 - mat/05/41.md | 1 - mat/05/42.md | 1 - mat/05/43.md | 1 - mat/05/44.md | 1 - mat/05/45.md | 1 - mat/05/46.md | 1 - mat/05/47.md | 1 - mat/05/48.md | 1 - mat/05/intro.md | 10 +-- mat/06/01.md | 1 - mat/06/02.md | 1 - mat/06/03.md | 1 - mat/06/04.md | 1 - mat/06/05.md | 1 - mat/06/06.md | 1 - mat/06/07.md | 1 - mat/06/08.md | 3 +- mat/06/09.md | 1 - mat/06/10.md | 1 - mat/06/11.md | 1 - mat/06/12.md | 1 - mat/06/13.md | 1 - mat/06/14.md | 1 - mat/06/15.md | 1 - mat/06/16.md | 1 - mat/06/17.md | 1 - mat/06/18.md | 1 - mat/06/19.md | 1 - mat/06/20.md | 1 - mat/06/21.md | 1 - mat/06/22.md | 1 - mat/06/23.md | 3 - mat/06/24.md | 1 - mat/06/25.md | 1 - mat/06/26.md | 1 - mat/06/27.md | 1 - mat/06/28.md | 1 - mat/06/29.md | 1 - mat/06/30.md | 1 - mat/06/31.md | 1 - mat/06/32.md | 1 - mat/06/33.md | 1 - mat/06/34.md | 1 - mat/06/intro.md | 6 +- mat/07/01.md | 1 - mat/07/02.md | 1 - mat/07/03.md | 1 - mat/07/04.md | 1 - mat/07/05.md | 1 - mat/07/06.md | 1 - mat/07/07.md | 1 - mat/07/08.md | 2 +- mat/07/09.md | 1 - mat/07/10.md | 1 - mat/07/11.md | 1 - mat/07/12.md | 1 - mat/07/13.md | 1 - mat/07/14.md | 1 - mat/07/15.md | 1 - mat/07/16.md | 1 - mat/07/17.md | 1 - mat/07/18.md | 1 - mat/07/19.md | 1 - mat/07/20.md | 1 - mat/07/21.md | 1 - mat/07/22.md | 1 - mat/07/23.md | 1 - mat/07/24.md | 1 - mat/07/25.md | 1 - mat/07/26.md | 1 - mat/07/27.md | 1 - mat/07/28.md | 1 - mat/07/29.md | 1 - mat/07/intro.md | 10 +-- mat/08/01.md | 1 - mat/08/02.md | 1 - mat/08/03.md | 1 - mat/08/04.md | 1 - mat/08/05.md | 1 - mat/08/06.md | 1 - mat/08/07.md | 1 - mat/08/08.md | 1 - mat/08/09.md | 1 - mat/08/10.md | 1 - mat/08/11.md | 1 - mat/08/12.md | 1 - mat/08/13.md | 1 - mat/08/14.md | 1 - mat/08/15.md | 1 - mat/08/16.md | 1 - mat/08/17.md | 1 - mat/08/18.md | 1 - mat/08/19.md | 1 - mat/08/20.md | 1 - mat/08/21.md | 1 - mat/08/22.md | 1 - mat/08/23.md | 1 - mat/08/24.md | 1 - mat/08/25.md | 1 - mat/08/26.md | 1 - mat/08/27.md | 1 - mat/08/28.md | 1 - mat/08/29.md | 1 - mat/08/30.md | 1 - mat/08/31.md | 1 - mat/08/32.md | 1 - mat/08/33.md | 1 - mat/08/34.md | 1 - mat/08/intro.md | 8 +-- mat/09/01.md | 1 - mat/09/02.md | 1 - mat/09/03.md | 1 - mat/09/04.md | 1 - mat/09/05.md | 1 - mat/09/06.md | 1 - mat/09/07.md | 1 - mat/09/08.md | 1 - mat/09/09.md | 1 - mat/09/10.md | 1 - mat/09/11.md | 1 - mat/09/12.md | 1 - mat/09/13.md | 1 - mat/09/14.md | 1 - mat/09/15.md | 1 - mat/09/16.md | 1 - mat/09/17.md | 1 - mat/09/18.md | 1 - mat/09/19.md | 1 - mat/09/20.md | 1 - mat/09/21.md | 1 - mat/09/22.md | 1 - mat/09/23.md | 1 - mat/09/24.md | 1 - mat/09/25.md | 1 - mat/09/26.md | 1 - mat/09/27.md | 1 - mat/09/28.md | 1 - mat/09/29.md | 1 - mat/09/30.md | 1 - mat/09/31.md | 1 - mat/09/32.md | 1 - mat/09/33.md | 1 - mat/09/34.md | 1 - mat/09/35.md | 1 - mat/09/36.md | 1 - mat/09/37.md | 1 - mat/09/38.md | 1 - mat/09/intro.md | 14 ++--- mat/10/01.md | 1 - mat/10/02.md | 1 - mat/10/03.md | 1 - mat/10/04.md | 1 - mat/10/05.md | 1 - mat/10/06.md | 1 - mat/10/07.md | 1 - mat/10/08.md | 1 - mat/10/09.md | 1 - mat/10/10.md | 1 - mat/10/11.md | 1 - mat/10/12.md | 1 - mat/10/13.md | 1 - mat/10/14.md | 1 - mat/10/15.md | 1 - mat/10/16.md | 1 - mat/10/17.md | 1 - mat/10/18.md | 1 - mat/10/19.md | 1 - mat/10/20.md | 1 - mat/10/21.md | 1 - mat/10/22.md | 1 - mat/10/23.md | 1 - mat/10/24.md | 1 - mat/10/25.md | 1 - mat/10/26.md | 1 - mat/10/27.md | 1 - mat/10/28.md | 1 - mat/10/29.md | 1 - mat/10/30.md | 1 - mat/10/31.md | 1 - mat/10/32.md | 1 - mat/10/33.md | 1 - mat/10/34.md | 1 - mat/10/35.md | 1 - mat/10/36.md | 1 - mat/10/37.md | 1 - mat/10/38.md | 1 - mat/10/39.md | 1 - mat/10/40.md | 1 - mat/10/41.md | 1 - mat/10/42.md | 1 - mat/10/intro.md | 20 +++--- mat/11/01.md | 1 - mat/11/02.md | 1 - mat/11/03.md | 1 - mat/11/04.md | 1 - mat/11/05.md | 1 - mat/11/06.md | 1 - mat/11/07.md | 1 - mat/11/08.md | 1 - mat/11/09.md | 1 - mat/11/10.md | 1 - mat/11/11.md | 1 - mat/11/12.md | 1 - mat/11/13.md | 1 - mat/11/14.md | 1 - mat/11/15.md | 1 - mat/11/16.md | 1 - mat/11/17.md | 2 +- mat/11/18.md | 1 - mat/11/19.md | 1 - mat/11/20.md | 1 - mat/11/21.md | 1 - mat/11/22.md | 1 - mat/11/23.md | 1 - mat/11/24.md | 1 - mat/11/25.md | 1 - mat/11/26.md | 1 - mat/11/27.md | 1 - mat/11/28.md | 1 - mat/11/29.md | 1 - mat/11/30.md | 1 - mat/11/intro.md | 16 ++--- mat/12/01.md | 1 - mat/12/02.md | 1 - mat/12/04.md | 1 - mat/12/05.md | 1 - mat/12/06.md | 1 - mat/12/07.md | 1 - mat/12/08.md | 1 - mat/12/09.md | 1 - mat/12/10.md | 1 - mat/12/11.md | 1 - mat/12/12.md | 1 - mat/12/13.md | 1 - mat/12/14.md | 1 - mat/12/15.md | 1 - mat/12/16.md | 1 - mat/12/17.md | 1 - mat/12/18.md | 1 - mat/12/19.md | 1 - mat/12/20.md | 1 - mat/12/21.md | 1 - mat/12/22.md | 1 - mat/12/23.md | 1 - mat/12/24.md | 1 - mat/12/25.md | 1 - mat/12/26.md | 1 - mat/12/27.md | 1 - mat/12/28.md | 1 - mat/12/29.md | 1 - mat/12/30.md | 1 - mat/12/31.md | 1 - mat/12/32.md | 1 - mat/12/33.md | 1 - mat/12/34.md | 1 - mat/12/35.md | 1 - mat/12/36.md | 1 - mat/12/37.md | 1 - mat/12/38.md | 1 - mat/12/39.md | 1 - mat/12/40.md | 1 - mat/12/41.md | 1 - mat/12/42.md | 1 - mat/12/43.md | 1 - mat/12/44.md | 3 - mat/12/45.md | 1 - mat/12/46.md | 1 - mat/12/47.md | 1 - mat/12/48.md | 1 - mat/12/49.md | 1 - mat/12/50.md | 1 - mat/12/intro.md | 10 +-- mat/13/01.md | 1 - mat/13/02.md | 1 - mat/13/03.md | 1 - mat/13/04.md | 1 - mat/13/05.md | 1 - mat/13/06.md | 1 - mat/13/07.md | 1 - mat/13/08.md | 1 - mat/13/09.md | 1 - mat/13/10.md | 1 - mat/13/11.md | 1 - mat/13/12.md | 1 - mat/13/13.md | 1 - mat/13/14.md | 2 +- mat/13/15.md | 1 - mat/13/16.md | 1 - mat/13/17.md | 1 - mat/13/18.md | 1 - mat/13/19.md | 1 - mat/13/20.md | 1 - mat/13/21.md | 1 - mat/13/22.md | 1 - mat/13/23.md | 1 - mat/13/24.md | 1 - mat/13/25.md | 1 - mat/13/26.md | 1 - mat/13/27.md | 1 - mat/13/28.md | 1 - mat/13/29.md | 1 - mat/13/30.md | 1 - mat/13/31.md | 1 - mat/13/32.md | 1 - mat/13/33.md | 1 - mat/13/34.md | 1 - mat/13/35.md | 1 - mat/13/36.md | 1 - mat/13/37.md | 1 - mat/13/38.md | 1 - mat/13/39.md | 1 - mat/13/40.md | 1 - mat/13/41.md | 1 - mat/13/42.md | 1 - mat/13/43.md | 1 - mat/13/44.md | 1 - mat/13/45.md | 1 - mat/13/46.md | 1 - mat/13/47.md | 1 - mat/13/48.md | 1 - mat/13/49.md | 1 - mat/13/50.md | 1 - mat/13/51.md | 1 - mat/13/52.md | 1 - mat/13/53.md | 1 - mat/13/54.md | 1 - mat/13/55.md | 1 - mat/13/56.md | 1 - mat/13/57.md | 1 - mat/13/58.md | 1 - mat/13/intro.md | 18 +++--- mat/14/01.md | 1 - mat/14/02.md | 1 - mat/14/03.md | 1 - mat/14/04.md | 1 - mat/14/05.md | 1 - mat/14/06.md | 1 - mat/14/07.md | 1 - mat/14/08.md | 1 - mat/14/09.md | 1 - mat/14/10.md | 1 - mat/14/11.md | 1 - mat/14/12.md | 1 - mat/14/13.md | 1 - mat/14/14.md | 1 - mat/14/15.md | 1 - mat/14/16.md | 1 - mat/14/17.md | 1 - mat/14/18.md | 1 - mat/14/19.md | 1 - mat/14/20.md | 1 - mat/14/21.md | 1 - mat/14/22.md | 1 - mat/14/23.md | 1 - mat/14/24.md | 1 - mat/14/25.md | 1 - mat/14/26.md | 1 - mat/14/27.md | 1 - mat/14/28.md | 1 - mat/14/29.md | 1 - mat/14/30.md | 1 - mat/14/31.md | 1 - mat/14/32.md | 1 - mat/14/33.md | 1 - mat/14/34.md | 1 - mat/14/35.md | 1 - mat/14/36.md | 1 - mat/14/intro.md | 8 +-- mat/15/01.md | 1 - mat/15/02.md | 1 - mat/15/03.md | 1 - mat/15/04.md | 1 - mat/15/05.md | 1 - mat/15/06.md | 1 - mat/15/07.md | 1 - mat/15/08.md | 1 - mat/15/09.md | 1 - mat/15/10.md | 1 - mat/15/11.md | 1 - mat/15/12.md | 1 - mat/15/13.md | 1 - mat/15/14.md | 1 - mat/15/15.md | 1 - mat/15/16.md | 1 - mat/15/17.md | 1 - mat/15/18.md | 1 - mat/15/19.md | 1 - mat/15/20.md | 1 - mat/15/21.md | 1 - mat/15/22.md | 1 - mat/15/23.md | 1 - mat/15/24.md | 1 - mat/15/25.md | 1 - mat/15/26.md | 1 - mat/15/27.md | 1 - mat/15/28.md | 1 - mat/15/29.md | 1 - mat/15/30.md | 1 - mat/15/31.md | 1 - mat/15/32.md | 1 - mat/15/33.md | 1 - mat/15/34.md | 1 - mat/15/35.md | 1 - mat/15/36.md | 1 - mat/15/37.md | 1 - mat/15/38.md | 1 - mat/15/39.md | 1 - mat/15/intro.md | 16 ++--- mat/16/01.md | 1 - mat/16/02.md | 1 - mat/16/03.md | 1 - mat/16/04.md | 1 - mat/16/05.md | 1 - mat/16/06.md | 1 - mat/16/07.md | 1 - mat/16/08.md | 1 - mat/16/09.md | 1 - mat/16/10.md | 1 - mat/16/11.md | 1 - mat/16/12.md | 1 - mat/16/13.md | 1 - mat/16/14.md | 1 - mat/16/15.md | 1 - mat/16/16.md | 1 - mat/16/17.md | 1 - mat/16/18.md | 1 - mat/16/19.md | 1 - mat/16/20.md | 1 - mat/16/21.md | 1 - mat/16/22.md | 1 - mat/16/23.md | 1 - mat/16/24.md | 1 - mat/16/25.md | 1 - mat/16/26.md | 1 - mat/16/27.md | 2 +- mat/16/28.md | 1 - mat/16/intro.md | 16 ++--- mat/17/01.md | 1 - mat/17/02.md | 1 - mat/17/03.md | 1 - mat/17/04.md | 1 - mat/17/05.md | 1 - mat/17/06.md | 1 - mat/17/07.md | 1 - mat/17/08.md | 1 - mat/17/09.md | 1 - mat/17/10.md | 1 - mat/17/11.md | 1 - mat/17/12.md | 1 - mat/17/13.md | 1 - mat/17/14.md | 1 - mat/17/15.md | 1 - mat/17/16.md | 1 - mat/17/17.md | 1 - mat/17/18.md | 1 - mat/17/19.md | 1 - mat/17/20.md | 1 - mat/17/21.md | 1 - mat/17/22.md | 1 - mat/17/23.md | 1 - mat/17/24.md | 1 - mat/17/25.md | 1 - mat/17/26.md | 1 - mat/17/27.md | 2 +- mat/17/intro.md | 10 +-- mat/18/01.md | 1 - mat/18/02.md | 1 - mat/18/03.md | 1 - mat/18/04.md | 1 - mat/18/05.md | 1 - mat/18/06.md | 1 - mat/18/07.md | 1 - mat/18/08.md | 1 - mat/18/09.md | 1 - mat/18/10.md | 1 - mat/18/11.md | 1 - mat/18/12.md | 1 - mat/18/13.md | 1 - mat/18/14.md | 1 - mat/18/15.md | 1 - mat/18/16.md | 1 - mat/18/17.md | 1 - mat/18/18.md | 1 - mat/18/19.md | 1 - mat/18/20.md | 1 - mat/18/21.md | 1 - mat/18/22.md | 1 - mat/18/23.md | 1 - mat/18/24.md | 4 +- mat/18/25.md | 1 - mat/18/26.md | 1 - mat/18/27.md | 1 - mat/18/28.md | 1 - mat/18/29.md | 1 - mat/18/30.md | 1 - mat/18/31.md | 3 - mat/18/32.md | 1 - mat/18/33.md | 1 - mat/18/34.md | 1 - mat/18/35.md | 1 - mat/18/intro.md | 6 +- mat/19/01.md | 1 - mat/19/02.md | 1 - mat/19/03.md | 1 - mat/19/04.md | 1 - mat/19/05.md | 1 - mat/19/06.md | 1 - mat/19/07.md | 1 - mat/19/08.md | 1 - mat/19/09.md | 2 - mat/19/10.md | 1 - mat/19/11.md | 1 - mat/19/12.md | 1 - mat/19/13.md | 1 - mat/19/14.md | 1 - mat/19/15.md | 1 - mat/19/16.md | 1 - mat/19/17.md | 1 - mat/19/18.md | 1 - mat/19/19.md | 1 - mat/19/20.md | 1 - mat/19/21.md | 1 - mat/19/22.md | 1 - mat/19/23.md | 1 - mat/19/24.md | 1 - mat/19/25.md | 1 - mat/19/26.md | 1 - mat/19/27.md | 1 - mat/19/28.md | 1 - mat/19/29.md | 1 - mat/19/30.md | 1 - mat/19/intro.md | 12 ++-- mat/20/01.md | 1 - mat/20/02.md | 1 - mat/20/03.md | 1 - mat/20/04.md | 1 - mat/20/05.md | 1 - mat/20/06.md | 1 - mat/20/07.md | 1 - mat/20/08.md | 1 - mat/20/09.md | 1 - mat/20/10.md | 1 - mat/20/11.md | 1 - mat/20/12.md | 1 - mat/20/13.md | 1 - mat/20/14.md | 1 - mat/20/15.md | 1 - mat/20/16.md | 1 - mat/20/17.md | 1 - mat/20/18.md | 1 - mat/20/19.md | 1 - mat/20/20.md | 1 - mat/20/21.md | 1 - mat/20/22.md | 1 - mat/20/23.md | 1 - mat/20/24.md | 1 - mat/20/25.md | 1 - mat/20/26.md | 1 - mat/20/27.md | 1 - mat/20/28.md | 1 - mat/20/29.md | 1 - mat/20/30.md | 1 - mat/20/31.md | 1 - mat/20/32.md | 1 - mat/20/33.md | 1 - mat/20/34.md | 1 - mat/20/intro.md | 6 +- mat/21/01.md | 1 - mat/21/02.md | 1 - mat/21/03.md | 1 - mat/21/04.md | 1 - mat/21/05.md | 1 - mat/21/06.md | 1 - mat/21/07.md | 1 - mat/21/08.md | 1 - mat/21/09.md | 1 - mat/21/10.md | 1 - mat/21/11.md | 1 - mat/21/12.md | 1 - mat/21/13.md | 1 - mat/21/14.md | 1 - mat/21/15.md | 1 - mat/21/16.md | 1 - mat/21/17.md | 1 - mat/21/18.md | 1 - mat/21/19.md | 1 - mat/21/20.md | 1 - mat/21/21.md | 1 - mat/21/22.md | 1 - mat/21/23.md | 1 - mat/21/24.md | 1 - mat/21/25.md | 1 - mat/21/26.md | 1 - mat/21/27.md | 1 - mat/21/28.md | 1 - mat/21/29.md | 1 - mat/21/30.md | 1 - mat/21/31.md | 1 - mat/21/32.md | 1 - mat/21/33.md | 1 - mat/21/34.md | 1 - mat/21/35.md | 1 - mat/21/36.md | 1 - mat/21/37.md | 1 - mat/21/38.md | 1 - mat/21/39.md | 1 - mat/21/40.md | 1 - mat/21/41.md | 4 +- mat/21/42.md | 1 - mat/21/43.md | 1 - mat/21/44.md | 1 - mat/21/45.md | 1 - mat/21/46.md | 1 - mat/21/intro.md | 14 ++--- mat/22/01.md | 1 - mat/22/02.md | 1 - mat/22/03.md | 1 - mat/22/04.md | 1 - mat/22/05.md | 1 - mat/22/06.md | 1 - mat/22/07.md | 1 - mat/22/08.md | 1 - mat/22/09.md | 1 - mat/22/10.md | 1 - mat/22/11.md | 1 - mat/22/12.md | 1 - mat/22/13.md | 1 - mat/22/14.md | 1 - mat/22/15.md | 1 - mat/22/16.md | 1 - mat/22/17.md | 1 - mat/22/18.md | 1 - mat/22/19.md | 1 - mat/22/20.md | 1 - mat/22/21.md | 1 - mat/22/22.md | 1 - mat/22/23.md | 1 - mat/22/24.md | 1 - mat/22/25.md | 1 - mat/22/26.md | 1 - mat/22/27.md | 1 - mat/22/28.md | 1 - mat/22/29.md | 1 - mat/22/30.md | 1 - mat/22/31.md | 2 +- mat/22/32.md | 3 +- mat/22/33.md | 1 - mat/22/34.md | 1 - mat/22/35.md | 1 - mat/22/36.md | 1 - mat/22/37.md | 1 - mat/22/38.md | 1 - mat/22/39.md | 1 - mat/22/40.md | 1 - mat/22/41.md | 1 - mat/22/42.md | 1 - mat/22/43.md | 1 - mat/22/44.md | 1 - mat/22/45.md | 1 - mat/22/46.md | 1 - mat/22/intro.md | 13 ++-- mat/23/01.md | 1 - mat/23/02.md | 1 - mat/23/03.md | 1 - mat/23/04.md | 1 - mat/23/05.md | 1 - mat/23/06.md | 1 - mat/23/07.md | 1 - mat/23/08.md | 1 - mat/23/09.md | 1 - mat/23/10.md | 1 - mat/23/11.md | 1 - mat/23/12.md | 1 - mat/23/13.md | 1 - mat/23/14.md | 1 - mat/23/15.md | 1 - mat/23/16.md | 1 - mat/23/17.md | 1 - mat/23/18.md | 1 - mat/23/19.md | 1 - mat/23/20.md | 1 - mat/23/21.md | 1 - mat/23/22.md | 1 - mat/23/23.md | 1 - mat/23/24.md | 1 - mat/23/25.md | 1 - mat/23/26.md | 1 - mat/23/27.md | 1 - mat/23/28.md | 1 - mat/23/29.md | 1 - mat/23/30.md | 1 - mat/23/31.md | 1 - mat/23/32.md | 1 - mat/23/33.md | 1 - mat/23/34.md | 2 +- mat/23/35.md | 1 - mat/23/36.md | 1 - mat/23/37.md | 1 - mat/23/38.md | 1 - mat/23/39.md | 1 - mat/23/intro.md | 13 ++-- mat/24/01.md | 1 - mat/24/02.md | 1 - mat/24/03.md | 1 - mat/24/04.md | 1 - mat/24/05.md | 1 - mat/24/06.md | 1 - mat/24/07.md | 1 - mat/24/08.md | 1 - mat/24/09.md | 1 - mat/24/10.md | 1 - mat/24/11.md | 3 +- mat/24/12.md | 1 - mat/24/13.md | 1 - mat/24/14.md | 1 - mat/24/15.md | 1 - mat/24/16.md | 1 - mat/24/17.md | 1 - mat/24/18.md | 1 - mat/24/19.md | 1 - mat/24/20.md | 1 - mat/24/21.md | 1 - mat/24/22.md | 1 - mat/24/23.md | 1 - mat/24/24.md | 1 - mat/24/25.md | 1 - mat/24/26.md | 1 - mat/24/27.md | 1 - mat/24/28.md | 1 - mat/24/29.md | 1 - mat/24/30.md | 1 - mat/24/31.md | 1 - mat/24/32.md | 1 - mat/24/33.md | 1 - mat/24/34.md | 1 - mat/24/35.md | 1 - mat/24/36.md | 1 - mat/24/37.md | 1 - mat/24/38.md | 1 - mat/24/39.md | 1 - mat/24/40.md | 1 - mat/24/41.md | 1 - mat/24/42.md | 1 - mat/24/43.md | 1 - mat/24/44.md | 1 - mat/24/45.md | 1 - mat/24/46.md | 1 - mat/24/47.md | 1 - mat/24/48.md | 1 - mat/24/49.md | 1 - mat/24/50.md | 1 - mat/24/51.md | 1 - mat/24/intro.md | 13 ++-- mat/25/01.md | 1 - mat/25/02.md | 1 - mat/25/03.md | 1 - mat/25/04.md | 1 - mat/25/05.md | 1 - mat/25/06.md | 1 - mat/25/07.md | 1 - mat/25/08.md | 1 - mat/25/09.md | 1 - mat/25/10.md | 1 - mat/25/11.md | 1 - mat/25/12.md | 1 - mat/25/13.md | 1 - mat/25/14.md | 1 - mat/25/15.md | 1 - mat/25/16.md | 1 - mat/25/17.md | 1 - mat/25/18.md | 1 - mat/25/19.md | 1 - mat/25/20.md | 1 - mat/25/21.md | 1 - mat/25/22.md | 1 - mat/25/23.md | 1 - mat/25/24.md | 1 - mat/25/25.md | 1 - mat/25/26.md | 1 - mat/25/27.md | 1 - mat/25/28.md | 1 - mat/25/29.md | 1 - mat/25/30.md | 1 - mat/25/31.md | 1 - mat/25/32.md | 1 - mat/25/33.md | 1 - mat/25/34.md | 1 - mat/25/35.md | 1 - mat/25/36.md | 1 - mat/25/37.md | 1 - mat/25/38.md | 1 - mat/25/39.md | 1 - mat/25/40.md | 1 - mat/25/41.md | 1 - mat/25/42.md | 1 - mat/25/43.md | 1 - mat/25/44.md | 1 - mat/25/45.md | 1 - mat/25/46.md | 1 - mat/25/intro.md | 7 +-- mat/26/01.md | 1 - mat/26/02.md | 1 - mat/26/03.md | 1 - mat/26/04.md | 1 - mat/26/05.md | 1 - mat/26/06.md | 1 - mat/26/07.md | 1 - mat/26/08.md | 1 - mat/26/09.md | 1 - mat/26/10.md | 1 - mat/26/11.md | 1 - mat/26/12.md | 1 - mat/26/13.md | 1 - mat/26/14.md | 1 - mat/26/15.md | 1 - mat/26/16.md | 1 - mat/26/17.md | 1 - mat/26/18.md | 1 - mat/26/19.md | 1 - mat/26/20.md | 1 - mat/26/21.md | 1 - mat/26/22.md | 1 - mat/26/23.md | 1 - mat/26/24.md | 1 - mat/26/25.md | 1 - mat/26/26.md | 1 - mat/26/27.md | 1 - mat/26/28.md | 1 - mat/26/29.md | 1 - mat/26/30.md | 1 - mat/26/31.md | 1 - mat/26/32.md | 1 - mat/26/33.md | 1 - mat/26/34.md | 1 - mat/26/35.md | 1 - mat/26/36.md | 1 - mat/26/37.md | 1 - mat/26/38.md | 1 - mat/26/39.md | 1 - mat/26/40.md | 1 - mat/26/41.md | 1 - mat/26/42.md | 1 - mat/26/43.md | 1 - mat/26/44.md | 1 - mat/26/45.md | 1 - mat/26/46.md | 1 - mat/26/47.md | 1 - mat/26/48.md | 1 - mat/26/49.md | 1 - mat/26/50.md | 1 - mat/26/51.md | 1 - mat/26/52.md | 1 - mat/26/53.md | 1 - mat/26/54.md | 1 - mat/26/55.md | 1 - mat/26/56.md | 1 - mat/26/57.md | 1 - mat/26/58.md | 1 - mat/26/59.md | 1 - mat/26/60.md | 1 - mat/26/61.md | 1 - mat/26/62.md | 1 - mat/26/63.md | 1 - mat/26/64.md | 1 - mat/26/65.md | 1 - mat/26/66.md | 1 - mat/26/67.md | 1 - mat/26/68.md | 1 - mat/26/69.md | 1 - mat/26/70.md | 1 - mat/26/71.md | 1 - mat/26/72.md | 1 - mat/26/73.md | 1 - mat/26/74.md | 1 - mat/26/75.md | 1 - mat/26/intro.md | 22 ++++--- mat/27/01.md | 1 - mat/27/02.md | 1 - mat/27/03.md | 1 - mat/27/04.md | 1 - mat/27/05.md | 1 - mat/27/06.md | 1 - mat/27/07.md | 1 - mat/27/08.md | 1 - mat/27/09.md | 1 - mat/27/10.md | 1 - mat/27/11.md | 1 - mat/27/12.md | 1 - mat/27/13.md | 1 - mat/27/14.md | 1 - mat/27/15.md | 1 - mat/27/16.md | 1 - mat/27/17.md | 1 - mat/27/18.md | 1 - mat/27/19.md | 1 - mat/27/20.md | 1 - mat/27/21.md | 1 - mat/27/22.md | 1 - mat/27/23.md | 1 - mat/27/24.md | 1 - mat/27/25.md | 1 - mat/27/26.md | 1 - mat/27/27.md | 1 - mat/27/28.md | 1 - mat/27/29.md | 1 - mat/27/30.md | 1 - mat/27/31.md | 1 - mat/27/32.md | 1 - mat/27/33.md | 1 - mat/27/34.md | 1 - mat/27/35.md | 1 - mat/27/36.md | 1 - mat/27/37.md | 1 - mat/27/38.md | 1 - mat/27/39.md | 1 - mat/27/40.md | 1 - mat/27/41.md | 1 - mat/27/42.md | 1 - mat/27/43.md | 1 - mat/27/44.md | 1 - mat/27/45.md | 1 - mat/27/46.md | 1 - mat/27/47.md | 1 - mat/27/48.md | 1 - mat/27/49.md | 1 - mat/27/50.md | 1 - mat/27/51.md | 1 - mat/27/52.md | 1 - mat/27/53.md | 1 - mat/27/54.md | 1 - mat/27/55.md | 1 - mat/27/56.md | 1 - mat/27/57.md | 1 - mat/27/58.md | 1 - mat/27/59.md | 1 - mat/27/60.md | 1 - mat/27/61.md | 1 - mat/27/62.md | 1 - mat/27/63.md | 1 - mat/27/64.md | 1 - mat/27/65.md | 1 - mat/27/66.md | 1 - mat/27/intro.md | 11 ++-- mat/28/01.md | 1 - mat/28/02.md | 1 - mat/28/03.md | 1 - mat/28/04.md | 1 - mat/28/05.md | 1 - mat/28/06.md | 1 - mat/28/07.md | 1 - mat/28/08.md | 1 - mat/28/09.md | 1 - mat/28/10.md | 1 - mat/28/11.md | 1 - mat/28/12.md | 1 - mat/28/13.md | 1 - mat/28/14.md | 1 - mat/28/15.md | 1 - mat/28/16.md | 1 - mat/28/17.md | 1 - mat/28/18.md | 1 - mat/28/19.md | 1 - mat/28/20.md | 1 - mat/28/intro.md | 11 ++-- mat/front/intro.md | 7 +-- mic/01/01.md | 1 - mic/01/02.md | 1 - mic/01/03.md | 1 - mic/01/04.md | 1 - mic/01/05.md | 1 - mic/01/06.md | 1 - mic/01/07.md | 1 - mic/01/08.md | 1 - mic/01/09.md | 1 - mic/01/10.md | 1 - mic/01/11.md | 1 - mic/01/12.md | 1 - mic/01/13.md | 1 - mic/01/14.md | 1 - mic/01/15.md | 1 - mic/01/16.md | 1 - mic/01/intro.md | 7 +-- mic/02/01.md | 1 - mic/02/02.md | 1 - mic/02/03.md | 1 - mic/02/04.md | 1 - mic/02/05.md | 1 - mic/02/06.md | 1 - mic/02/07.md | 1 - mic/02/08.md | 1 - mic/02/09.md | 1 - mic/02/10.md | 1 - mic/02/11.md | 1 - mic/02/12.md | 1 - mic/02/13.md | 1 - mic/02/intro.md | 11 ++-- mic/03/01.md | 1 - mic/03/02.md | 1 - mic/03/03.md | 1 - mic/03/04.md | 1 - mic/03/05.md | 1 - mic/03/06.md | 1 - mic/03/07.md | 1 - mic/03/08.md | 1 - mic/03/09.md | 1 - mic/03/10.md | 1 - mic/03/11.md | 1 - mic/03/12.md | 1 - mic/03/intro.md | 12 ++-- mic/04/01.md | 1 - mic/04/02.md | 1 - mic/04/03.md | 1 - mic/04/04.md | 1 - mic/04/05.md | 1 - mic/04/06.md | 1 - mic/04/07.md | 1 - mic/04/08.md | 1 - mic/04/09.md | 1 - mic/04/10.md | 1 - mic/04/11.md | 1 - mic/04/12.md | 1 - mic/04/13.md | 1 - mic/04/intro.md | 8 +-- mic/05/01.md | 1 - mic/05/02.md | 1 - mic/05/03.md | 1 - mic/05/04.md | 1 - mic/05/05.md | 1 - mic/05/06.md | 1 - mic/05/07.md | 1 - mic/05/08.md | 1 - mic/05/09.md | 1 - mic/05/10.md | 1 - mic/05/11.md | 1 - mic/05/12.md | 1 - mic/05/13.md | 1 - mic/05/14.md | 1 - mic/05/15.md | 1 - mic/05/intro.md | 13 ++-- mic/06/01.md | 3 +- mic/06/02.md | 1 - mic/06/03.md | 1 - mic/06/04.md | 1 - mic/06/05.md | 2 +- mic/06/06.md | 1 - mic/06/07.md | 1 - mic/06/08.md | 1 - mic/06/09.md | 1 - mic/06/10.md | 1 - mic/06/11.md | 1 - mic/06/12.md | 1 - mic/06/13.md | 1 - mic/06/14.md | 1 - mic/06/15.md | 1 - mic/06/16.md | 3 +- mic/06/intro.md | 10 +-- mic/07/01.md | 1 - mic/07/02.md | 1 - mic/07/03.md | 1 - mic/07/04.md | 1 - mic/07/05.md | 1 - mic/07/06.md | 1 - mic/07/07.md | 1 - mic/07/08.md | 1 - mic/07/09.md | 2 - mic/07/10.md | 1 - mic/07/11.md | 1 - mic/07/12.md | 1 - mic/07/13.md | 1 - mic/07/14.md | 1 - mic/07/15.md | 1 - mic/07/16.md | 1 - mic/07/17.md | 1 - mic/07/18.md | 1 - mic/07/19.md | 1 - mic/07/20.md | 1 - mic/07/intro.md | 9 +-- mic/front/intro.md | 40 ++++++------ mrk/01/01.md | 1 - mrk/01/02.md | 1 - mrk/01/03.md | 1 - mrk/01/04.md | 1 - mrk/01/05.md | 1 - mrk/01/06.md | 1 - mrk/01/07.md | 1 - mrk/01/08.md | 1 - mrk/01/09.md | 1 - mrk/01/10.md | 1 - mrk/01/11.md | 1 - mrk/01/12.md | 1 - mrk/01/13.md | 1 - mrk/01/14.md | 1 - mrk/01/15.md | 1 - mrk/01/16.md | 1 - mrk/01/17.md | 1 - mrk/01/18.md | 1 - mrk/01/19.md | 1 - mrk/01/20.md | 1 - mrk/01/21.md | 1 - mrk/01/22.md | 1 - mrk/01/23.md | 1 - mrk/01/24.md | 2 +- mrk/01/25.md | 1 - mrk/01/26.md | 1 - mrk/01/27.md | 1 - mrk/01/28.md | 1 - mrk/01/29.md | 1 - mrk/01/30.md | 1 - mrk/01/31.md | 1 - mrk/01/32.md | 2 +- mrk/01/33.md | 1 - mrk/01/34.md | 1 - mrk/01/35.md | 1 - mrk/01/36.md | 1 - mrk/01/37.md | 1 - mrk/01/38.md | 1 - mrk/01/39.md | 1 - mrk/01/40.md | 1 - mrk/01/41.md | 1 - mrk/01/42.md | 1 - mrk/01/43.md | 1 - mrk/01/44.md | 1 - mrk/01/45.md | 1 - mrk/01/intro.md | 17 +++--- mrk/02/01.md | 1 - mrk/02/02.md | 1 - mrk/02/03.md | 1 - mrk/02/04.md | 1 - mrk/02/05.md | 1 - mrk/02/06.md | 1 - mrk/02/07.md | 1 - mrk/02/08.md | 1 - mrk/02/09.md | 1 - mrk/02/10.md | 1 - mrk/02/11.md | 1 - mrk/02/12.md | 1 - mrk/02/13.md | 1 - mrk/02/14.md | 1 - mrk/02/15.md | 1 - mrk/02/16.md | 1 - mrk/02/17.md | 1 - mrk/02/18.md | 1 - mrk/02/19.md | 1 - mrk/02/20.md | 1 - mrk/02/21.md | 1 - mrk/02/22.md | 1 - mrk/02/23.md | 2 +- mrk/02/24.md | 1 - mrk/02/25.md | 1 - mrk/02/26.md | 1 - mrk/02/27.md | 1 - mrk/02/28.md | 1 - mrk/02/intro.md | 11 ++-- mrk/03/01.md | 1 - mrk/03/02.md | 1 - mrk/03/03.md | 1 - mrk/03/04.md | 1 - mrk/03/05.md | 1 - mrk/03/06.md | 1 - mrk/03/07.md | 1 - mrk/03/08.md | 1 - mrk/03/09.md | 1 - mrk/03/10.md | 1 - mrk/03/11.md | 1 - mrk/03/12.md | 1 - mrk/03/13.md | 1 - mrk/03/14.md | 1 - mrk/03/15.md | 1 - mrk/03/16.md | 1 - mrk/03/17.md | 1 - mrk/03/18.md | 1 - mrk/03/19.md | 1 - mrk/03/20.md | 1 - mrk/03/21.md | 1 - mrk/03/22.md | 1 - mrk/03/23.md | 1 - mrk/03/24.md | 1 - mrk/03/25.md | 1 - mrk/03/26.md | 1 - mrk/03/27.md | 1 - mrk/03/28.md | 1 - mrk/03/29.md | 1 - mrk/03/30.md | 1 - mrk/03/31.md | 1 - mrk/03/32.md | 1 - mrk/03/33.md | 1 - mrk/03/34.md | 1 - mrk/03/35.md | 1 - mrk/03/intro.md | 18 +++--- mrk/04/01.md | 1 - mrk/04/02.md | 1 - mrk/04/03.md | 1 - mrk/04/04.md | 1 - mrk/04/05.md | 1 - mrk/04/06.md | 1 - mrk/04/07.md | 1 - mrk/04/08.md | 1 - mrk/04/09.md | 1 - mrk/04/10.md | 1 - mrk/04/11.md | 1 - mrk/04/12.md | 1 - mrk/04/13.md | 1 - mrk/04/14.md | 1 - mrk/04/15.md | 1 - mrk/04/16.md | 1 - mrk/04/17.md | 3 +- mrk/04/18.md | 1 - mrk/04/19.md | 3 +- mrk/04/20.md | 3 +- mrk/04/21.md | 1 - mrk/04/22.md | 1 - mrk/04/23.md | 1 - mrk/04/24.md | 1 - mrk/04/25.md | 1 - mrk/04/26.md | 1 - mrk/04/27.md | 1 - mrk/04/28.md | 1 - mrk/04/29.md | 1 - mrk/04/30.md | 1 - mrk/04/31.md | 1 - mrk/04/32.md | 1 - mrk/04/33.md | 1 - mrk/04/34.md | 3 +- mrk/04/35.md | 1 - mrk/04/36.md | 1 - mrk/04/37.md | 1 - mrk/04/38.md | 1 - mrk/04/39.md | 1 - mrk/04/40.md | 1 - mrk/04/41.md | 1 - mrk/04/intro.md | 9 ++- mrk/05/01.md | 1 - mrk/05/02.md | 1 - mrk/05/03.md | 1 - mrk/05/04.md | 1 - mrk/05/05.md | 1 - mrk/05/06.md | 1 - mrk/05/07.md | 1 - mrk/05/08.md | 1 - mrk/05/09.md | 1 - mrk/05/10.md | 3 +- mrk/05/11.md | 1 - mrk/05/12.md | 1 - mrk/05/13.md | 1 - mrk/05/14.md | 1 - mrk/05/15.md | 1 - mrk/05/16.md | 1 - mrk/05/17.md | 1 - mrk/05/18.md | 1 - mrk/05/19.md | 1 - mrk/05/20.md | 1 - mrk/05/21.md | 1 - mrk/05/22.md | 1 - mrk/05/23.md | 1 - mrk/05/24.md | 1 - mrk/05/25.md | 1 - mrk/05/26.md | 1 - mrk/05/27.md | 1 - mrk/05/28.md | 1 - mrk/05/29.md | 1 - mrk/05/30.md | 1 - mrk/05/31.md | 1 - mrk/05/32.md | 1 - mrk/05/33.md | 1 - mrk/05/34.md | 1 - mrk/05/35.md | 1 - mrk/05/36.md | 1 - mrk/05/37.md | 1 - mrk/05/38.md | 1 - mrk/05/39.md | 1 - mrk/05/40.md | 1 - mrk/05/41.md | 1 - mrk/05/42.md | 1 - mrk/05/43.md | 1 - mrk/05/intro.md | 5 +- mrk/06/01.md | 1 - mrk/06/02.md | 1 - mrk/06/03.md | 1 - mrk/06/04.md | 1 - mrk/06/05.md | 1 - mrk/06/06.md | 1 - mrk/06/07.md | 1 - mrk/06/08.md | 1 - mrk/06/09.md | 1 - mrk/06/10.md | 1 - mrk/06/11.md | 1 - mrk/06/12.md | 1 - mrk/06/13.md | 1 - mrk/06/14.md | 1 - mrk/06/15.md | 1 - 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mrk/16/19.md | 1 - mrk/16/20.md | 1 - mrk/16/intro.md | 9 ++- mrk/front/intro.md | 13 ++-- nam/01/01.md | 1 - nam/01/02.md | 1 - nam/01/03.md | 1 - nam/01/04.md | 1 - nam/01/05.md | 1 - nam/01/06.md | 1 - nam/01/07.md | 1 - nam/01/08.md | 1 - nam/01/09.md | 1 - nam/01/10.md | 1 - nam/01/11.md | 1 - nam/01/12.md | 1 - nam/01/13.md | 1 - nam/01/14.md | 1 - nam/01/15.md | 1 - nam/01/intro.md | 15 ++--- nam/02/01.md | 1 - nam/02/02.md | 1 - nam/02/03.md | 1 - nam/02/04.md | 1 - nam/02/05.md | 1 - nam/02/06.md | 1 - nam/02/07.md | 1 - nam/02/08.md | 1 - nam/02/09.md | 1 - nam/02/10.md | 1 - nam/02/11.md | 1 - nam/02/12.md | 1 - nam/02/13.md | 1 - nam/02/intro.md | 10 +-- nam/03/01.md | 1 - nam/03/02.md | 1 - nam/03/04.md | 1 - nam/03/05.md | 1 - nam/03/06.md | 1 - nam/03/07.md | 1 - nam/03/08.md | 1 - nam/03/09.md | 1 - nam/03/10.md | 1 - nam/03/11.md | 1 - nam/03/12.md | 1 - nam/03/13.md | 1 - nam/03/14.md | 1 - nam/03/15.md | 1 - nam/03/16.md | 1 - nam/03/17.md | 1 - nam/03/18.md | 1 - nam/03/19.md | 1 - nam/03/intro.md | 10 +-- nam/front/intro.md | 1 - neh/01/01.md | 1 - neh/01/02.md | 1 - neh/01/03.md | 1 - neh/01/04.md | 1 - neh/01/05.md | 1 - neh/01/06.md | 1 - neh/01/07.md | 1 - neh/01/08.md | 1 - neh/01/09.md | 1 - neh/01/10.md | 1 - neh/01/11.md | 1 - neh/01/intro.md | 21 ++++--- neh/02/01.md | 1 - neh/02/02.md | 1 - neh/02/03.md | 1 - neh/02/04.md | 1 - neh/02/05.md | 1 - neh/02/06.md | 1 - neh/02/07.md | 1 - neh/02/08.md | 1 - neh/02/09.md | 1 - neh/02/10.md | 1 - neh/02/11.md | 1 - neh/02/12.md | 1 - neh/02/13.md | 1 - neh/02/14.md | 1 - neh/02/15.md | 1 - neh/02/16.md | 1 - neh/02/17.md | 1 - neh/02/18.md | 1 - neh/02/19.md | 1 - neh/02/20.md | 1 - neh/02/intro.md | 16 ++--- neh/03/01.md | 1 - neh/03/02.md | 1 - neh/03/03.md | 1 - neh/03/04.md | 1 - neh/03/05.md | 1 - neh/03/06.md | 1 - neh/03/07.md | 1 - neh/03/08.md | 1 - neh/03/09.md | 1 - neh/03/10.md | 1 - neh/03/11.md | 1 - neh/03/12.md | 1 - neh/03/13.md | 1 - neh/03/14.md | 1 - neh/03/15.md | 1 - neh/03/16.md | 1 - neh/03/17.md | 1 - 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num/09/07.md | 1 - num/09/08.md | 1 - num/09/09.md | 1 - num/09/10.md | 1 - num/09/11.md | 1 - num/09/12.md | 1 - num/09/13.md | 1 - num/09/14.md | 1 - num/09/15.md | 1 - num/09/16.md | 1 - num/09/17.md | 1 - num/09/18.md | 1 - num/09/19.md | 1 - num/09/20.md | 1 - num/09/21.md | 1 - num/09/22.md | 1 - num/09/23.md | 1 - num/09/intro.md | 4 +- num/10/01.md | 1 - num/10/02.md | 1 - num/10/03.md | 1 - num/10/04.md | 1 - num/10/05.md | 1 - num/10/06.md | 1 - num/10/07.md | 1 - num/10/08.md | 1 - num/10/09.md | 1 - num/10/10.md | 1 - num/10/11.md | 1 - num/10/12.md | 1 - num/10/13.md | 1 - num/10/14.md | 1 - num/10/15.md | 1 - num/10/16.md | 1 - num/10/17.md | 1 - num/10/18.md | 1 - num/10/19.md | 1 - num/10/20.md | 1 - num/10/21.md | 1 - num/10/22.md | 1 - num/10/23.md | 1 - num/10/24.md | 1 - num/10/25.md | 1 - num/10/26.md | 1 - num/10/27.md | 1 - num/10/28.md | 1 - num/10/29.md | 1 - num/10/30.md | 1 - num/10/31.md | 1 - num/10/32.md | 1 - num/10/33.md | 1 - num/10/34.md | 1 - num/10/35.md | 1 - num/10/36.md | 1 - num/10/intro.md | 8 +-- num/11/01.md | 1 - num/11/02.md | 1 - num/11/03.md | 1 - num/11/04.md | 1 - num/11/05.md | 1 - num/11/06.md | 1 - num/11/07.md | 1 - num/11/08.md | 1 - num/11/09.md | 1 - num/11/10.md | 1 - num/11/11.md | 1 - num/11/12.md | 1 - num/11/13.md | 1 - num/11/14.md | 1 - num/11/15.md | 1 - num/11/16.md | 1 - num/11/17.md | 1 - num/11/18.md | 1 - num/11/19.md | 1 - num/11/20.md | 1 - num/11/21.md | 1 - num/11/22.md | 1 - num/11/23.md | 1 - num/11/24.md | 1 - num/11/25.md | 1 - num/11/26.md | 1 - num/11/27.md | 1 - num/11/28.md | 1 - num/11/29.md | 1 - num/11/30.md | 1 - num/11/31.md | 1 - num/11/32.md | 1 - num/11/33.md | 1 - num/11/34.md | 1 - num/11/35.md | 1 - num/11/intro.md | 6 +- num/12/01.md | 1 - num/12/02.md | 1 - num/12/03.md | 1 - num/12/04.md | 1 - num/12/05.md | 1 - num/12/06.md | 1 - num/12/07.md | 1 - num/12/08.md | 1 - num/12/09.md | 1 - num/12/10.md | 1 - num/12/11.md | 1 - num/12/12.md | 1 - num/12/13.md | 1 - num/12/14.md | 1 - num/12/15.md | 1 - num/12/16.md | 1 - num/12/intro.md | 7 +-- num/13/01.md | 1 - num/13/02.md | 1 - num/13/03.md | 1 - num/13/04.md | 1 - num/13/05.md | 1 - num/13/06.md | 1 - num/13/07.md | 1 - num/13/08.md | 1 - num/13/09.md | 1 - num/13/10.md | 1 - num/13/11.md | 1 - num/13/12.md | 1 - num/13/13.md | 1 - num/13/14.md | 2 +- num/13/15.md | 1 - num/13/16.md | 1 - num/13/17.md | 1 - num/13/18.md | 1 - num/13/19.md | 1 - num/13/20.md | 1 - num/13/21.md | 1 - num/13/22.md | 1 - num/13/23.md | 1 - num/13/24.md | 1 - num/13/25.md | 1 - num/13/26.md | 1 - num/13/27.md | 1 - num/13/28.md | 1 - num/13/29.md | 1 - num/13/30.md | 1 - num/13/31.md | 1 - num/13/32.md | 1 - num/13/33.md | 1 - num/13/intro.md | 5 +- num/14/01.md | 1 - num/14/02.md | 1 - num/14/03.md | 1 - num/14/04.md | 1 - num/14/05.md | 1 - num/14/06.md | 1 - num/14/07.md | 1 - num/14/08.md | 1 - num/14/09.md | 1 - num/14/10.md | 1 - num/14/11.md | 1 - num/14/12.md | 1 - num/14/13.md | 1 - num/14/14.md | 3 +- num/14/15.md | 1 - num/14/16.md | 1 - num/14/17.md | 1 - num/14/18.md | 1 - num/14/19.md | 1 - num/14/20.md | 1 - num/14/21.md | 1 - num/14/22.md | 1 - num/14/23.md | 1 - num/14/24.md | 1 - num/14/25.md | 1 - num/14/26.md | 1 - num/14/27.md | 1 - num/14/28.md | 1 - num/14/29.md | 1 - num/14/30.md | 1 - num/14/31.md | 1 - num/14/32.md | 1 - num/14/33.md | 1 - num/14/34.md | 1 - num/14/35.md | 1 - num/14/36.md | 1 - num/14/37.md | 1 - num/14/38.md | 1 - num/14/39.md | 1 - num/14/40.md | 1 - num/14/41.md | 1 - num/14/42.md | 1 - num/14/43.md | 1 - num/14/44.md | 1 - num/14/45.md | 1 - num/14/intro.md | 7 ++- num/15/01.md | 1 - num/15/02.md | 1 - num/15/03.md | 1 - num/15/04.md | 1 - num/15/05.md | 1 - num/15/06.md | 1 - num/15/07.md | 1 - num/15/08.md | 1 - num/15/09.md | 1 - num/15/10.md | 1 - num/15/11.md | 1 - num/15/12.md | 1 - num/15/13.md | 1 - num/15/14.md | 1 - num/15/15.md | 1 - num/15/16.md | 1 - num/15/17.md | 1 - num/15/18.md | 1 - num/15/19.md | 1 - num/15/20.md | 1 - num/15/21.md | 1 - num/15/22.md | 1 - num/15/23.md | 1 - num/15/24.md | 1 - num/15/25.md | 1 - num/15/26.md | 1 - num/15/27.md | 1 - num/15/28.md | 1 - num/15/29.md | 1 - num/15/30.md | 1 - num/15/31.md | 1 - num/15/32.md | 1 - num/15/33.md | 1 - num/15/34.md | 1 - num/15/35.md | 1 - num/15/36.md | 1 - num/15/37.md | 1 - num/15/38.md | 1 - num/15/39.md | 1 - num/15/40.md | 1 - num/15/41.md | 1 - num/15/intro.md | 11 ++-- num/16/01.md | 1 - num/16/02.md | 1 - num/16/03.md | 1 - num/16/04.md | 1 - num/16/05.md | 1 - num/16/06.md | 1 - num/16/07.md | 1 - num/16/08.md | 1 - num/16/09.md | 1 - num/16/10.md | 1 - num/16/11.md | 1 - num/16/12.md | 1 - num/16/13.md | 1 - num/16/14.md | 1 - num/16/15.md | 1 - num/16/16.md | 1 - num/16/17.md | 1 - num/16/18.md | 1 - num/16/19.md | 1 - num/16/20.md | 1 - num/16/21.md | 1 - num/16/22.md | 1 - num/16/23.md | 1 - num/16/24.md | 1 - num/16/25.md | 1 - num/16/26.md | 1 - num/16/27.md | 1 - num/16/28.md | 1 - num/16/29.md | 1 - num/16/30.md | 1 - num/16/31.md | 1 - num/16/32.md | 1 - num/16/33.md | 1 - num/16/34.md | 1 - num/16/35.md | 1 - num/16/36.md | 1 - num/16/37.md | 1 - num/16/38.md | 1 - num/16/39.md | 1 - num/16/40.md | 1 - num/16/41.md | 1 - num/16/42.md | 1 - num/16/43.md | 1 - num/16/44.md | 1 - num/16/45.md | 1 - num/16/46.md | 1 - num/16/47.md | 1 - num/16/48.md | 1 - num/16/49.md | 1 - num/16/50.md | 1 - num/16/intro.md | 5 +- num/17/01.md | 1 - num/17/02.md | 1 - num/17/03.md | 1 - num/17/04.md | 1 - num/17/05.md | 1 - num/17/06.md | 1 - num/17/07.md | 1 - num/17/08.md | 1 - num/17/09.md | 1 - num/17/10.md | 1 - num/17/11.md | 1 - num/17/12.md | 1 - num/17/13.md | 1 - num/17/intro.md | 7 +-- num/18/01.md | 1 - num/18/02.md | 1 - num/18/03.md | 1 - num/18/04.md | 1 - num/18/05.md | 1 - num/18/06.md | 1 - num/18/07.md | 1 - num/18/08.md | 1 - num/18/09.md | 1 - num/18/10.md | 1 - num/18/11.md | 1 - num/18/12.md | 1 - num/18/13.md | 1 - num/18/14.md | 1 - num/18/15.md | 1 - num/18/16.md | 1 - num/18/17.md | 1 - num/18/18.md | 1 - num/18/19.md | 1 - num/18/20.md | 1 - num/18/21.md | 1 - num/18/22.md | 1 - num/18/23.md | 1 - num/18/24.md | 1 - num/18/25.md | 1 - num/18/26.md | 1 - num/18/27.md | 1 - num/18/28.md | 1 - num/18/29.md | 1 - num/18/30.md | 1 - num/18/31.md | 1 - num/18/32.md | 1 - num/18/intro.md | 5 +- num/19/01.md | 1 - num/19/02.md | 1 - num/19/03.md | 1 - num/19/04.md | 1 - num/19/05.md | 1 - num/19/06.md | 1 - num/19/07.md | 1 - num/19/08.md | 1 - num/19/09.md | 1 - num/19/10.md | 1 - num/19/11.md | 1 - num/19/12.md | 1 - num/19/13.md | 1 - num/19/14.md | 1 - num/19/15.md | 1 - num/19/16.md | 1 - num/19/17.md | 1 - num/19/18.md | 1 - num/19/19.md | 1 - num/19/20.md | 1 - num/19/21.md | 1 - num/19/22.md | 1 - num/19/intro.md | 5 +- num/20/01.md | 1 - num/20/02.md | 1 - num/20/03.md | 1 - num/20/04.md | 1 - num/20/05.md | 1 - num/20/06.md | 1 - num/20/07.md | 1 - num/20/08.md | 1 - num/20/09.md | 1 - num/20/10.md | 1 - num/20/11.md | 1 - num/20/12.md | 1 - num/20/13.md | 1 - num/20/14.md | 1 - num/20/15.md | 1 - num/20/16.md | 1 - num/20/17.md | 1 - num/20/18.md | 1 - num/20/19.md | 1 - num/20/20.md | 1 - num/20/21.md | 1 - num/20/22.md | 1 - num/20/23.md | 1 - num/20/24.md | 1 - num/20/25.md | 1 - num/20/26.md | 1 - num/20/27.md | 1 - num/20/28.md | 1 - num/20/29.md | 1 - num/20/intro.md | 17 +++--- num/21/01.md | 1 - num/21/02.md | 1 - num/21/03.md | 1 - num/21/04.md | 1 - num/21/05.md | 1 - num/21/06.md | 1 - num/21/07.md | 1 - num/21/08.md | 1 - num/21/09.md | 1 - num/21/10.md | 1 - num/21/11.md | 1 - num/21/12.md | 1 - num/21/13.md | 1 - num/21/14.md | 1 - num/21/15.md | 1 - num/21/16.md | 1 - num/21/17.md | 1 - num/21/18.md | 1 - num/21/19.md | 1 - num/21/20.md | 1 - num/21/21.md | 1 - num/21/22.md | 1 - num/21/23.md | 1 - num/21/24.md | 1 - num/21/25.md | 1 - num/21/26.md | 1 - num/21/27.md | 1 - num/21/28.md | 1 - num/21/29.md | 1 - num/21/30.md | 1 - num/21/31.md | 1 - num/21/32.md | 1 - num/21/33.md | 1 - num/21/34.md | 1 - num/21/35.md | 1 - num/21/intro.md | 7 +-- num/22/01.md | 1 - num/22/02.md | 1 - num/22/03.md | 1 - num/22/04.md | 1 - num/22/05.md | 1 - num/22/06.md | 1 - num/22/07.md | 1 - num/22/08.md | 1 - num/22/09.md | 1 - num/22/10.md | 1 - num/22/11.md | 1 - num/22/12.md | 1 - num/22/13.md | 1 - num/22/14.md | 1 - num/22/15.md | 1 - num/22/16.md | 1 - num/22/17.md | 1 - num/22/18.md | 1 - num/22/19.md | 1 - num/22/20.md | 1 - num/22/21.md | 1 - num/22/22.md | 1 - num/22/23.md | 1 - num/22/24.md | 1 - num/22/25.md | 1 - num/22/26.md | 1 - num/22/27.md | 1 - num/22/28.md | 1 - num/22/29.md | 1 - num/22/30.md | 1 - num/22/31.md | 1 - num/22/32.md | 1 - num/22/33.md | 1 - num/22/34.md | 1 - num/22/35.md | 1 - num/22/36.md | 1 - num/22/37.md | 1 - num/22/38.md | 1 - num/22/39.md | 1 - num/22/40.md | 1 - num/22/41.md | 1 - num/22/intro.md | 4 +- num/23/01.md | 1 - num/23/02.md | 1 - num/23/03.md | 1 - num/23/04.md | 1 - num/23/05.md | 1 - num/23/06.md | 1 - num/23/07.md | 1 - num/23/08.md | 1 - num/23/09.md | 1 - num/23/10.md | 1 - num/23/11.md | 1 - num/23/12.md | 1 - num/23/13.md | 1 - num/23/14.md | 1 - num/23/15.md | 1 - num/23/16.md | 1 - num/23/17.md | 1 - num/23/18.md | 1 - num/23/19.md | 1 - num/23/20.md | 1 - num/23/21.md | 1 - num/23/22.md | 1 - num/23/23.md | 1 - num/23/24.md | 1 - num/23/25.md | 1 - num/23/26.md | 1 - num/23/27.md | 1 - num/23/28.md | 1 - num/23/29.md | 1 - num/23/30.md | 1 - num/23/intro.md | 12 ++-- num/24/01.md | 1 - num/24/02.md | 1 - num/24/03.md | 1 - num/24/04.md | 1 - num/24/05.md | 1 - num/24/06.md | 1 - num/24/07.md | 1 - num/24/08.md | 1 - num/24/09.md | 1 - num/24/10.md | 1 - num/24/11.md | 1 - num/24/12.md | 1 - num/24/13.md | 1 - num/24/14.md | 1 - num/24/15.md | 1 - num/24/16.md | 1 - num/24/17.md | 1 - num/24/18.md | 1 - num/24/19.md | 1 - num/24/20.md | 1 - num/24/21.md | 1 - num/24/22.md | 1 - num/24/23.md | 1 - num/24/24.md | 1 - num/24/25.md | 1 - num/24/intro.md | 11 ++-- num/25/01.md | 1 - num/25/02.md | 1 - num/25/03.md | 1 - num/25/04.md | 1 - num/25/05.md | 1 - num/25/06.md | 1 - num/25/07.md | 1 - num/25/08.md | 1 - num/25/09.md | 1 - num/25/10.md | 1 - num/25/11.md | 1 - num/25/12.md | 1 - num/25/13.md | 1 - num/25/14.md | 1 - num/25/15.md | 1 - num/25/16.md | 1 - num/25/17.md | 1 - num/25/18.md | 1 - num/25/intro.md | 9 ++- num/26/01.md | 1 - num/26/02.md | 1 - num/26/03.md | 1 - num/26/04.md | 1 - num/26/05.md | 1 - num/26/06.md | 1 - num/26/07.md | 1 - num/26/08.md | 1 - num/26/09.md | 1 - num/26/10.md | 1 - num/26/11.md | 1 - num/26/12.md | 1 - num/26/13.md | 1 - num/26/14.md | 1 - num/26/15.md | 1 - num/26/16.md | 1 - num/26/17.md | 1 - num/26/18.md | 1 - num/26/19.md | 1 - num/26/20.md | 1 - num/26/21.md | 1 - num/26/22.md | 1 - num/26/23.md | 1 - num/26/24.md | 1 - num/26/25.md | 1 - num/26/26.md | 1 - num/26/27.md | 1 - num/26/28.md | 1 - num/26/29.md | 1 - num/26/30.md | 1 - num/26/31.md | 1 - num/26/32.md | 1 - num/26/33.md | 1 - num/26/34.md | 1 - num/26/35.md | 1 - num/26/36.md | 1 - num/26/37.md | 1 - num/26/38.md | 1 - num/26/39.md | 1 - num/26/40.md | 1 - num/26/41.md | 1 - num/26/42.md | 1 - num/26/43.md | 1 - num/26/44.md | 1 - num/26/45.md | 1 - num/26/46.md | 1 - num/26/47.md | 1 - num/26/48.md | 1 - num/26/49.md | 1 - num/26/50.md | 1 - num/26/51.md | 1 - num/26/52.md | 1 - num/26/53.md | 1 - num/26/54.md | 1 - num/26/55.md | 1 - num/26/56.md | 1 - num/26/57.md | 1 - num/26/58.md | 2 +- num/26/59.md | 1 - num/26/60.md | 1 - num/26/61.md | 1 - num/26/62.md | 1 - num/26/63.md | 1 - num/26/64.md | 1 - num/26/65.md | 1 - num/26/intro.md | 7 +-- num/27/01.md | 1 - num/27/02.md | 1 - num/27/03.md | 1 - num/27/04.md | 1 - num/27/05.md | 1 - num/27/06.md | 1 - num/27/07.md | 3 +- num/27/08.md | 1 - num/27/09.md | 1 - num/27/10.md | 1 - num/27/11.md | 1 - num/27/12.md | 1 - num/27/13.md | 1 - num/27/14.md | 1 - num/27/15.md | 1 - num/27/16.md | 1 - num/27/17.md | 1 - num/27/18.md | 1 - num/27/19.md | 1 - num/27/20.md | 1 - num/27/21.md | 1 - num/27/22.md | 1 - num/27/23.md | 1 - num/27/intro.md | 8 +-- num/28/01.md | 1 - num/28/02.md | 1 - num/28/03.md | 1 - num/28/04.md | 1 - num/28/05.md | 1 - num/28/06.md | 1 - num/28/07.md | 1 - num/28/08.md | 1 - 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num/34/29.md | 1 - num/34/intro.md | 9 +-- num/35/01.md | 1 - num/35/02.md | 1 - num/35/03.md | 1 - num/35/04.md | 1 - num/35/05.md | 1 - num/35/06.md | 1 - num/35/07.md | 1 - num/35/08.md | 1 - num/35/09.md | 1 - num/35/10.md | 1 - num/35/11.md | 1 - num/35/12.md | 1 - num/35/13.md | 1 - num/35/14.md | 1 - num/35/15.md | 1 - num/35/16.md | 1 - num/35/17.md | 1 - num/35/18.md | 1 - num/35/19.md | 1 - num/35/20.md | 1 - num/35/21.md | 1 - num/35/22.md | 1 - num/35/23.md | 1 - num/35/24.md | 1 - num/35/25.md | 3 +- num/35/26.md | 1 - num/35/27.md | 1 - num/35/28.md | 1 - num/35/29.md | 1 - num/35/30.md | 1 - num/35/31.md | 1 - num/35/32.md | 1 - num/35/33.md | 1 - num/35/34.md | 1 - num/35/intro.md | 14 +++-- num/36/01.md | 1 - num/36/02.md | 1 - num/36/03.md | 1 - num/36/04.md | 1 - num/36/05.md | 1 - num/36/06.md | 1 - num/36/07.md | 1 - num/36/08.md | 1 - num/36/09.md | 1 - num/36/10.md | 1 - num/36/11.md | 1 - num/36/12.md | 1 - num/36/13.md | 1 - num/36/intro.md | 5 +- num/front/intro.md | 68 ++++++++++++--------- oba/01/01.md | 1 - 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pro/01/02.md | 1 - pro/01/03.md | 1 - pro/01/04.md | 1 - pro/01/05.md | 1 - pro/01/06.md | 1 - pro/01/07.md | 1 - pro/01/08.md | 1 - pro/01/09.md | 1 - pro/01/10.md | 1 - pro/01/11.md | 1 - pro/01/12.md | 1 - pro/01/13.md | 1 - pro/01/14.md | 1 - pro/01/15.md | 1 - pro/01/16.md | 1 - pro/01/17.md | 1 - pro/01/18.md | 1 - pro/01/19.md | 1 - pro/01/20.md | 1 - pro/01/21.md | 1 - pro/01/22.md | 1 - pro/01/23.md | 1 - pro/01/24.md | 1 - pro/01/25.md | 1 - pro/01/26.md | 1 - pro/01/27.md | 1 - pro/01/28.md | 1 - pro/01/29.md | 1 - pro/01/30.md | 1 - pro/01/31.md | 1 - pro/01/32.md | 1 - pro/01/33.md | 1 - pro/01/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/02/01.md | 1 - pro/02/02.md | 1 - pro/02/03.md | 1 - pro/02/04.md | 1 - pro/02/05.md | 1 - pro/02/06.md | 1 - pro/02/07.md | 1 - pro/02/08.md | 1 - pro/02/09.md | 1 - pro/02/10.md | 1 - pro/02/11.md | 1 - pro/02/12.md | 1 - pro/02/13.md | 1 - pro/02/14.md | 1 - pro/02/15.md | 1 - pro/02/16.md | 1 - pro/02/17.md | 1 - pro/02/18.md | 1 - pro/02/19.md | 1 - pro/02/20.md | 1 - pro/02/21.md | 1 - pro/02/22.md | 1 - pro/02/intro.md | 12 ++-- pro/03/01.md | 1 - pro/03/02.md | 1 - pro/03/03.md | 1 - pro/03/04.md | 1 - pro/03/05.md | 1 - pro/03/06.md | 1 - pro/03/07.md | 1 - pro/03/08.md | 1 - pro/03/09.md | 1 - pro/03/10.md | 1 - pro/03/11.md | 1 - pro/03/12.md | 1 - pro/03/13.md | 1 - pro/03/14.md | 1 - pro/03/15.md | 1 - pro/03/16.md | 1 - pro/03/17.md | 1 - pro/03/18.md | 1 - pro/03/19.md | 1 - pro/03/20.md | 1 - pro/03/21.md | 1 - pro/03/22.md | 1 - pro/03/23.md | 1 - pro/03/24.md | 1 - pro/03/25.md | 1 - pro/03/26.md | 1 - pro/03/27.md | 1 - pro/03/28.md | 1 - pro/03/29.md | 1 - pro/03/30.md | 1 - pro/03/31.md | 1 - pro/03/32.md | 1 - pro/03/33.md | 1 - pro/03/34.md | 1 - pro/03/35.md | 1 - pro/03/intro.md | 12 ++-- pro/04/01.md | 1 - pro/04/02.md | 1 - pro/04/03.md | 1 - pro/04/04.md | 1 - pro/04/05.md | 1 - pro/04/06.md | 1 - pro/04/07.md | 1 - pro/04/08.md | 1 - pro/04/09.md | 1 - pro/04/10.md | 1 - pro/04/11.md | 1 - pro/04/12.md | 1 - pro/04/13.md | 1 - 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pro/06/14.md | 1 - pro/06/15.md | 1 - pro/06/16.md | 1 - pro/06/17.md | 1 - pro/06/18.md | 1 - pro/06/19.md | 1 - pro/06/20.md | 1 - pro/06/21.md | 1 - pro/06/22.md | 1 - pro/06/23.md | 1 - pro/06/24.md | 1 - pro/06/25.md | 1 - pro/06/26.md | 3 +- pro/06/27.md | 1 - pro/06/28.md | 1 - pro/06/29.md | 1 - pro/06/30.md | 1 - pro/06/31.md | 1 - pro/06/32.md | 1 - pro/06/33.md | 1 - pro/06/34.md | 1 - pro/06/35.md | 1 - pro/06/intro.md | 25 ++++---- pro/07/01.md | 1 - pro/07/02.md | 1 - pro/07/03.md | 1 - pro/07/04.md | 1 - pro/07/05.md | 1 - pro/07/06.md | 1 - pro/07/07.md | 1 - pro/07/08.md | 1 - pro/07/09.md | 1 - pro/07/10.md | 1 - pro/07/11.md | 1 - pro/07/12.md | 1 - pro/07/13.md | 1 - pro/07/14.md | 1 - pro/07/15.md | 1 - pro/07/16.md | 1 - pro/07/17.md | 1 - pro/07/18.md | 1 - pro/07/19.md | 1 - pro/07/20.md | 1 - pro/07/21.md | 1 - pro/07/22.md | 1 - pro/07/23.md | 1 - pro/07/24.md | 1 - pro/07/25.md | 1 - pro/07/26.md | 1 - pro/07/27.md | 1 - pro/07/intro.md | 18 +++--- pro/08/01.md | 1 - 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pro/09/18.md | 1 - pro/09/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/10/01.md | 1 - pro/10/02.md | 1 - pro/10/03.md | 1 - pro/10/04.md | 1 - pro/10/05.md | 1 - pro/10/06.md | 1 - pro/10/07.md | 1 - pro/10/08.md | 1 - pro/10/09.md | 1 - pro/10/10.md | 1 - pro/10/11.md | 1 - pro/10/12.md | 1 - pro/10/13.md | 1 - pro/10/14.md | 1 - pro/10/15.md | 1 - pro/10/16.md | 1 - pro/10/17.md | 1 - pro/10/18.md | 1 - pro/10/19.md | 1 - pro/10/20.md | 1 - pro/10/21.md | 1 - pro/10/22.md | 1 - pro/10/23.md | 1 - pro/10/24.md | 1 - pro/10/25.md | 1 - pro/10/26.md | 1 - pro/10/27.md | 1 - pro/10/28.md | 1 - pro/10/29.md | 1 - pro/10/30.md | 1 - pro/10/31.md | 1 - pro/10/32.md | 1 - pro/10/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/11/01.md | 1 - pro/11/02.md | 1 - pro/11/03.md | 1 - pro/11/04.md | 1 - pro/11/05.md | 1 - pro/11/06.md | 1 - pro/11/07.md | 1 - pro/11/08.md | 1 - pro/11/09.md | 1 - pro/11/10.md | 1 - pro/11/11.md | 1 - pro/11/12.md | 1 - pro/11/13.md | 1 - pro/11/14.md | 1 - pro/11/15.md | 1 - pro/11/16.md | 1 - pro/11/17.md | 1 - pro/11/18.md | 1 - pro/11/19.md | 1 - pro/11/20.md | 1 - pro/11/21.md | 1 - pro/11/22.md | 1 - pro/11/23.md | 1 - pro/11/24.md | 1 - pro/11/25.md | 1 - pro/11/26.md | 1 - pro/11/27.md | 1 - pro/11/28.md | 1 - pro/11/29.md | 1 - pro/11/30.md | 1 - pro/11/31.md | 3 +- pro/11/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/12/01.md | 1 - pro/12/02.md | 1 - pro/12/03.md | 1 - pro/12/04.md | 1 - pro/12/05.md | 1 - pro/12/06.md | 1 - pro/12/07.md | 1 - pro/12/08.md | 1 - pro/12/09.md | 1 - pro/12/10.md | 1 - pro/12/11.md | 1 - pro/12/12.md | 1 - pro/12/13.md | 1 - pro/12/14.md | 1 - pro/12/15.md | 1 - pro/12/16.md | 1 - pro/12/17.md | 1 - pro/12/18.md | 1 - pro/12/19.md | 1 - pro/12/20.md | 1 - pro/12/21.md | 1 - pro/12/22.md | 1 - pro/12/23.md | 1 - pro/12/24.md | 1 - pro/12/25.md | 1 - pro/12/26.md | 1 - pro/12/27.md | 1 - pro/12/28.md | 1 - pro/12/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/13/01.md | 1 - pro/13/02.md | 1 - pro/13/03.md | 1 - pro/13/04.md | 1 - pro/13/05.md | 1 - pro/13/06.md | 1 - pro/13/07.md | 1 - pro/13/08.md | 1 - pro/13/09.md | 1 - pro/13/10.md | 1 - pro/13/11.md | 1 - pro/13/12.md | 1 - pro/13/13.md | 1 - pro/13/14.md | 1 - pro/13/15.md | 1 - pro/13/16.md | 1 - pro/13/17.md | 1 - pro/13/18.md | 1 - pro/13/19.md | 1 - pro/13/20.md | 1 - pro/13/21.md | 1 - pro/13/22.md | 1 - pro/13/23.md | 1 - pro/13/24.md | 1 - pro/13/25.md | 1 - pro/13/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/14/01.md | 1 - pro/14/02.md | 1 - pro/14/03.md | 1 - pro/14/04.md | 1 - pro/14/05.md | 1 - pro/14/06.md | 1 - pro/14/07.md | 1 - pro/14/08.md | 1 - pro/14/09.md | 1 - pro/14/10.md | 1 - pro/14/11.md | 1 - pro/14/12.md | 1 - pro/14/13.md | 1 - pro/14/14.md | 1 - pro/14/15.md | 1 - pro/14/16.md | 1 - pro/14/17.md | 1 - pro/14/18.md | 1 - pro/14/19.md | 1 - pro/14/20.md | 1 - pro/14/21.md | 1 - pro/14/22.md | 1 - pro/14/23.md | 1 - pro/14/24.md | 1 - pro/14/25.md | 1 - pro/14/26.md | 1 - pro/14/27.md | 1 - pro/14/28.md | 1 - pro/14/29.md | 1 - pro/14/30.md | 1 - pro/14/31.md | 1 - pro/14/32.md | 1 - pro/14/33.md | 1 - pro/14/34.md | 1 - pro/14/35.md | 1 - pro/14/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/15/01.md | 1 - pro/15/02.md | 1 - pro/15/03.md | 1 - pro/15/04.md | 1 - pro/15/05.md | 1 - pro/15/06.md | 1 - pro/15/07.md | 1 - pro/15/08.md | 1 - pro/15/09.md | 1 - pro/15/10.md | 1 - pro/15/11.md | 1 - pro/15/12.md | 1 - pro/15/13.md | 1 - pro/15/14.md | 1 - pro/15/15.md | 1 - pro/15/16.md | 1 - pro/15/17.md | 1 - pro/15/18.md | 1 - pro/15/19.md | 1 - pro/15/20.md | 1 - pro/15/21.md | 1 - pro/15/22.md | 1 - pro/15/23.md | 1 - pro/15/24.md | 1 - pro/15/25.md | 1 - pro/15/26.md | 1 - pro/15/27.md | 1 - pro/15/28.md | 1 - pro/15/29.md | 1 - pro/15/30.md | 1 - pro/15/31.md | 1 - pro/15/32.md | 1 - pro/15/33.md | 1 - pro/15/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/16/01.md | 1 - pro/16/02.md | 1 - pro/16/03.md | 1 - pro/16/04.md | 1 - pro/16/05.md | 1 - pro/16/06.md | 1 - pro/16/07.md | 1 - pro/16/08.md | 1 - pro/16/09.md | 1 - pro/16/10.md | 1 - pro/16/11.md | 1 - pro/16/12.md | 1 - pro/16/13.md | 1 - pro/16/14.md | 1 - pro/16/15.md | 1 - pro/16/16.md | 1 - pro/16/17.md | 1 - pro/16/18.md | 1 - pro/16/19.md | 1 - pro/16/20.md | 1 - pro/16/21.md | 1 - pro/16/22.md | 1 - pro/16/23.md | 1 - pro/16/24.md | 1 - pro/16/25.md | 1 - pro/16/26.md | 1 - pro/16/27.md | 1 - pro/16/28.md | 1 - pro/16/29.md | 1 - pro/16/30.md | 1 - pro/16/31.md | 1 - pro/16/32.md | 1 - pro/16/33.md | 1 - pro/16/intro.md | 13 ++-- pro/17/01.md | 1 - pro/17/02.md | 1 - pro/17/03.md | 1 - pro/17/04.md | 1 - pro/17/05.md | 1 - pro/17/06.md | 1 - pro/17/07.md | 1 - pro/17/08.md | 1 - pro/17/09.md | 1 - pro/17/10.md | 1 - pro/17/11.md | 1 - pro/17/12.md | 1 - pro/17/13.md | 1 - pro/17/14.md | 1 - pro/17/15.md | 1 - pro/17/16.md | 1 - pro/17/17.md | 1 - pro/17/18.md | 1 - pro/17/19.md | 1 - pro/17/20.md | 1 - pro/17/21.md | 1 - pro/17/22.md | 1 - pro/17/23.md | 1 - pro/17/24.md | 1 - pro/17/25.md | 1 - pro/17/26.md | 1 - pro/17/27.md | 1 - pro/17/28.md | 1 - pro/17/intro.md | 10 +-- pro/18/01.md | 1 - pro/18/02.md | 1 - pro/18/03.md | 1 - pro/18/04.md | 1 - pro/18/05.md | 1 - pro/18/06.md | 1 - pro/18/07.md | 1 - pro/18/08.md | 1 - pro/18/09.md | 1 - pro/18/10.md | 1 - pro/18/11.md | 1 - pro/18/12.md | 1 - pro/18/13.md | 1 - pro/18/14.md | 1 - pro/18/15.md | 1 - pro/18/16.md | 1 - pro/18/17.md | 1 - pro/18/18.md | 1 - pro/18/19.md | 1 - pro/18/20.md | 1 - pro/18/21.md | 1 - pro/18/22.md | 1 - pro/18/23.md | 1 - pro/18/24.md | 1 - pro/18/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/19/01.md | 1 - pro/19/02.md | 1 - pro/19/03.md | 1 - pro/19/04.md | 1 - pro/19/05.md | 1 - pro/19/06.md | 1 - pro/19/07.md | 1 - pro/19/08.md | 1 - pro/19/09.md | 1 - pro/19/10.md | 1 - pro/19/11.md | 1 - pro/19/12.md | 1 - pro/19/13.md | 1 - pro/19/14.md | 1 - pro/19/15.md | 1 - pro/19/16.md | 1 - pro/19/17.md | 1 - pro/19/18.md | 1 - pro/19/19.md | 1 - pro/19/20.md | 1 - pro/19/21.md | 1 - pro/19/22.md | 1 - pro/19/23.md | 1 - pro/19/24.md | 1 - pro/19/25.md | 1 - pro/19/26.md | 1 - pro/19/27.md | 1 - pro/19/28.md | 1 - pro/19/29.md | 1 - pro/19/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/20/01.md | 1 - pro/20/02.md | 1 - pro/20/03.md | 1 - pro/20/04.md | 1 - pro/20/05.md | 1 - pro/20/06.md | 1 - pro/20/07.md | 1 - pro/20/08.md | 1 - pro/20/09.md | 1 - pro/20/10.md | 1 - pro/20/11.md | 1 - pro/20/12.md | 1 - pro/20/13.md | 1 - pro/20/14.md | 1 - pro/20/15.md | 1 - pro/20/16.md | 1 - pro/20/17.md | 1 - pro/20/18.md | 1 - pro/20/19.md | 1 - pro/20/20.md | 1 - pro/20/21.md | 1 - pro/20/22.md | 1 - pro/20/23.md | 1 - pro/20/24.md | 1 - pro/20/25.md | 1 - pro/20/26.md | 1 - pro/20/27.md | 1 - pro/20/28.md | 1 - pro/20/29.md | 1 - pro/20/30.md | 1 - pro/20/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/21/01.md | 1 - pro/21/02.md | 1 - pro/21/03.md | 1 - pro/21/04.md | 1 - pro/21/05.md | 1 - pro/21/06.md | 1 - pro/21/07.md | 1 - pro/21/08.md | 1 - pro/21/09.md | 1 - pro/21/10.md | 1 - pro/21/11.md | 2 - pro/21/12.md | 1 - pro/21/13.md | 1 - pro/21/14.md | 1 - pro/21/15.md | 1 - pro/21/16.md | 1 - pro/21/17.md | 1 - pro/21/18.md | 1 - pro/21/19.md | 1 - pro/21/20.md | 1 - pro/21/21.md | 1 - pro/21/22.md | 1 - pro/21/23.md | 1 - pro/21/24.md | 1 - pro/21/25.md | 1 - pro/21/26.md | 1 - pro/21/27.md | 1 - pro/21/28.md | 1 - pro/21/29.md | 1 - pro/21/30.md | 1 - pro/21/31.md | 1 - pro/21/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/22/01.md | 1 - pro/22/02.md | 1 - pro/22/03.md | 1 - pro/22/04.md | 1 - pro/22/05.md | 1 - pro/22/06.md | 1 - pro/22/07.md | 1 - pro/22/08.md | 1 - pro/22/09.md | 1 - pro/22/10.md | 1 - pro/22/11.md | 1 - pro/22/12.md | 1 - pro/22/13.md | 1 - pro/22/14.md | 1 - pro/22/15.md | 1 - pro/22/16.md | 1 - pro/22/17.md | 1 - pro/22/18.md | 1 - pro/22/19.md | 1 - pro/22/20.md | 1 - pro/22/21.md | 1 - pro/22/22.md | 1 - pro/22/23.md | 1 - pro/22/24.md | 1 - pro/22/25.md | 1 - pro/22/26.md | 1 - pro/22/27.md | 1 - pro/22/28.md | 1 - pro/22/29.md | 1 - pro/22/intro.md | 15 ++--- pro/23/01.md | 1 - pro/23/02.md | 1 - pro/23/03.md | 1 - pro/23/04.md | 1 - pro/23/05.md | 1 - pro/23/06.md | 1 - pro/23/07.md | 1 - pro/23/08.md | 1 - pro/23/09.md | 1 - pro/23/10.md | 1 - pro/23/11.md | 1 - pro/23/12.md | 1 - pro/23/13.md | 1 - pro/23/14.md | 1 - pro/23/15.md | 1 - pro/23/16.md | 1 - pro/23/17.md | 1 - pro/23/18.md | 1 - pro/23/19.md | 1 - pro/23/20.md | 1 - pro/23/21.md | 1 - pro/23/22.md | 1 - pro/23/23.md | 1 - pro/23/24.md | 1 - pro/23/25.md | 1 - pro/23/26.md | 1 - pro/23/27.md | 1 - pro/23/28.md | 1 - pro/23/29.md | 1 - pro/23/30.md | 1 - pro/23/31.md | 1 - pro/23/32.md | 1 - pro/23/33.md | 1 - pro/23/34.md | 1 - pro/23/35.md | 1 - pro/23/intro.md | 13 ++-- pro/24/01.md | 1 - pro/24/02.md | 1 - pro/24/03.md | 1 - pro/24/04.md | 1 - pro/24/05.md | 1 - pro/24/06.md | 1 - pro/24/07.md | 1 - pro/24/08.md | 1 - pro/24/09.md | 1 - pro/24/10.md | 1 - pro/24/11.md | 1 - pro/24/12.md | 1 - pro/24/13.md | 1 - pro/24/14.md | 1 - pro/24/15.md | 1 - pro/24/16.md | 1 - pro/24/17.md | 1 - pro/24/18.md | 1 - pro/24/19.md | 1 - pro/24/20.md | 1 - pro/24/21.md | 1 - pro/24/22.md | 1 - pro/24/23.md | 1 - pro/24/24.md | 1 - pro/24/25.md | 1 - pro/24/26.md | 1 - pro/24/27.md | 1 - pro/24/28.md | 1 - pro/24/29.md | 1 - pro/24/30.md | 1 - pro/24/31.md | 1 - pro/24/32.md | 1 - pro/24/33.md | 1 - pro/24/34.md | 1 - pro/24/intro.md | 14 ++--- pro/25/01.md | 1 - pro/25/02.md | 1 - pro/25/03.md | 1 - pro/25/04.md | 1 - pro/25/05.md | 1 - pro/25/06.md | 1 - pro/25/07.md | 1 - pro/25/08.md | 1 - pro/25/09.md | 1 - pro/25/10.md | 1 - pro/25/11.md | 1 - pro/25/12.md | 1 - pro/25/13.md | 1 - pro/25/14.md | 1 - pro/25/15.md | 1 - pro/25/16.md | 1 - pro/25/17.md | 1 - pro/25/18.md | 1 - pro/25/19.md | 1 - pro/25/20.md | 1 - pro/25/21.md | 1 - pro/25/22.md | 1 - pro/25/23.md | 1 - pro/25/24.md | 1 - pro/25/25.md | 1 - pro/25/26.md | 1 - pro/25/27.md | 1 - pro/25/28.md | 1 - pro/25/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/26/01.md | 1 - pro/26/02.md | 1 - pro/26/03.md | 1 - pro/26/04.md | 1 - pro/26/05.md | 1 - pro/26/06.md | 1 - pro/26/07.md | 1 - pro/26/08.md | 1 - pro/26/09.md | 1 - pro/26/10.md | 1 - pro/26/11.md | 1 - pro/26/12.md | 1 - pro/26/13.md | 1 - pro/26/14.md | 1 - pro/26/15.md | 1 - pro/26/16.md | 1 - pro/26/17.md | 1 - pro/26/18.md | 1 - pro/26/19.md | 1 - pro/26/20.md | 1 - pro/26/21.md | 1 - pro/26/22.md | 1 - pro/26/23.md | 1 - pro/26/24.md | 1 - pro/26/25.md | 1 - pro/26/26.md | 1 - pro/26/27.md | 1 - pro/26/28.md | 1 - pro/26/intro.md | 11 ++-- pro/27/01.md | 1 - pro/27/02.md | 1 - pro/27/03.md | 1 - pro/27/04.md | 1 - pro/27/05.md | 1 - pro/27/06.md | 1 - pro/27/07.md | 1 - pro/27/08.md | 1 - pro/27/09.md | 1 - pro/27/10.md | 1 - pro/27/11.md | 1 - pro/27/12.md | 2 - pro/27/13.md | 1 - pro/27/14.md | 1 - pro/27/15.md | 1 - pro/27/16.md | 1 - pro/27/17.md | 1 - pro/27/18.md | 1 - pro/27/19.md | 1 - pro/27/20.md | 1 - pro/27/21.md | 1 - pro/27/22.md | 1 - pro/27/23.md | 1 - pro/27/24.md | 1 - pro/27/25.md | 1 - pro/27/26.md | 1 - pro/27/27.md | 1 - pro/27/intro.md | 9 ++- pro/28/01.md | 1 - pro/28/02.md | 1 - pro/28/03.md | 1 - pro/28/04.md | 1 - pro/28/05.md | 1 - pro/28/06.md | 1 - pro/28/07.md | 1 - pro/28/08.md | 1 - pro/28/09.md | 1 - pro/28/10.md | 1 - pro/28/11.md | 1 - pro/28/12.md | 1 - pro/28/13.md | 1 - pro/28/14.md | 1 - pro/28/15.md | 1 - pro/28/16.md | 1 - pro/28/17.md | 1 - pro/28/18.md | 1 - pro/28/19.md | 1 - pro/28/20.md | 1 - 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rom/04/02.md | 1 - rom/04/03.md | 1 - rom/04/04.md | 1 - rom/04/05.md | 1 - rom/04/06.md | 1 - rom/04/07.md | 2 +- rom/04/08.md | 1 - rom/04/09.md | 1 - rom/04/10.md | 1 - rom/04/11.md | 1 - rom/04/12.md | 1 - rom/04/13.md | 1 - rom/04/14.md | 1 - rom/04/15.md | 1 - rom/04/16.md | 1 - rom/04/17.md | 1 - rom/04/18.md | 1 - rom/04/19.md | 1 - rom/04/20.md | 1 - rom/04/21.md | 1 - rom/04/22.md | 1 - rom/04/23.md | 1 - rom/04/24.md | 1 - rom/04/25.md | 3 +- rom/04/intro.md | 16 ++--- rom/05/01.md | 1 - rom/05/02.md | 1 - rom/05/03.md | 1 - rom/05/04.md | 1 - rom/05/05.md | 1 - rom/05/06.md | 1 - rom/05/07.md | 1 - rom/05/08.md | 1 - rom/05/09.md | 1 - rom/05/10.md | 1 - rom/05/11.md | 1 - rom/05/12.md | 1 - rom/05/13.md | 1 - rom/05/14.md | 1 - rom/05/15.md | 1 - rom/05/16.md | 1 - rom/05/17.md | 1 - rom/05/18.md | 1 - rom/05/19.md | 1 - rom/05/20.md | 1 - rom/05/21.md | 1 - rom/05/intro.md | 14 +++-- rom/06/01.md | 1 - rom/06/02.md | 1 - rom/06/03.md | 1 - rom/06/04.md | 1 - rom/06/05.md | 1 - rom/06/06.md | 1 - rom/06/07.md | 1 - rom/06/08.md | 1 - rom/06/09.md | 1 - rom/06/10.md | 1 - rom/06/11.md | 1 - rom/06/12.md | 1 - rom/06/13.md | 1 - rom/06/14.md | 1 - rom/06/15.md | 1 - rom/06/16.md | 1 - rom/06/17.md | 1 - rom/06/18.md | 1 - rom/06/19.md | 1 - rom/06/20.md | 1 - rom/06/21.md | 1 - rom/06/22.md | 1 - rom/06/23.md | 1 - rom/06/intro.md | 26 ++++---- rom/07/01.md | 1 - rom/07/02.md | 1 - rom/07/03.md | 1 - rom/07/04.md | 1 - rom/07/05.md | 1 - rom/07/06.md | 1 - rom/07/07.md | 1 - rom/07/08.md | 1 - rom/07/09.md | 1 - rom/07/10.md | 1 - rom/07/11.md | 1 - rom/07/12.md | 1 - rom/07/13.md | 1 - rom/07/14.md | 1 - rom/07/15.md | 1 - rom/07/16.md | 1 - rom/07/17.md | 1 - rom/07/18.md | 1 - rom/07/19.md | 1 - rom/07/20.md | 1 - rom/07/21.md | 1 - rom/07/22.md | 1 - rom/07/23.md | 1 - rom/07/24.md | 1 - rom/07/25.md | 1 - rom/07/intro.md | 23 ++++--- rom/08/01.md | 1 - rom/08/02.md | 3 +- rom/08/03.md | 1 - rom/08/04.md | 1 - rom/08/05.md | 1 - rom/08/06.md | 1 - rom/08/07.md | 1 - rom/08/08.md | 1 - rom/08/09.md | 1 - rom/08/10.md | 1 - rom/08/11.md | 1 - rom/08/12.md | 1 - rom/08/13.md | 1 - rom/08/14.md | 1 - rom/08/15.md | 1 - rom/08/16.md | 1 - rom/08/17.md | 1 - rom/08/18.md | 1 - rom/08/19.md | 1 - rom/08/20.md | 1 - rom/08/21.md | 1 - rom/08/22.md | 1 - rom/08/23.md | 1 - rom/08/24.md | 6 +- rom/08/25.md | 1 - rom/08/26.md | 1 - rom/08/27.md | 1 - rom/08/28.md | 1 - rom/08/29.md | 1 - rom/08/30.md | 1 - rom/08/31.md | 1 - rom/08/32.md | 1 - rom/08/33.md | 1 - rom/08/34.md | 1 - rom/08/35.md | 1 - rom/08/36.md | 1 - rom/08/37.md | 1 - rom/08/38.md | 1 - rom/08/39.md | 1 - rom/08/intro.md | 28 +++++---- rom/09/01.md | 1 - rom/09/02.md | 1 - rom/09/03.md | 1 - rom/09/04.md | 1 - rom/09/05.md | 1 - rom/09/06.md | 1 - rom/09/07.md | 1 - rom/09/08.md | 1 - rom/09/09.md | 1 - rom/09/10.md | 1 - rom/09/11.md | 1 - rom/09/12.md | 2 +- rom/09/13.md | 1 - rom/09/14.md | 1 - rom/09/15.md | 1 - rom/09/16.md | 1 - rom/09/17.md | 1 - rom/09/18.md | 1 - rom/09/19.md | 1 - rom/09/20.md | 1 - rom/09/21.md | 1 - rom/09/22.md | 1 - rom/09/23.md | 1 - rom/09/24.md | 1 - rom/09/25.md | 1 - rom/09/26.md | 1 - rom/09/27.md | 1 - rom/09/28.md | 1 - rom/09/29.md | 1 - rom/09/30.md | 1 - rom/09/32.md | 1 - rom/09/33.md | 1 - rom/09/intro.md | 18 +++--- rom/10/01.md | 1 - rom/10/02.md | 1 - rom/10/03.md | 1 - rom/10/04.md | 1 - rom/10/05.md | 1 - rom/10/06.md | 1 - rom/10/07.md | 1 - rom/10/08.md | 1 - rom/10/09.md | 1 - rom/10/10.md | 1 - rom/10/11.md | 1 - rom/10/12.md | 1 - rom/10/13.md | 1 - rom/10/14.md | 1 - rom/10/15.md | 1 - rom/10/16.md | 1 - rom/10/17.md | 3 +- rom/10/18.md | 1 - rom/10/19.md | 1 - rom/10/20.md | 1 - rom/10/21.md | 1 - rom/10/intro.md | 17 +++--- rom/11/01.md | 1 - rom/11/02.md | 1 - rom/11/03.md | 1 - rom/11/04.md | 1 - rom/11/05.md | 1 - rom/11/06.md | 1 - rom/11/07.md | 1 - rom/11/08.md | 1 - rom/11/09.md | 1 - rom/11/10.md | 1 - rom/11/11.md | 1 - rom/11/12.md | 1 - rom/11/13.md | 1 - rom/11/14.md | 1 - rom/11/15.md | 1 - rom/11/16.md | 1 - rom/11/17.md | 1 - rom/11/18.md | 1 - rom/11/19.md | 1 - rom/11/20.md | 1 - rom/11/21.md | 1 - rom/11/22.md | 1 - rom/11/23.md | 1 - rom/11/24.md | 1 - rom/11/25.md | 2 +- rom/11/26.md | 1 - rom/11/27.md | 1 - rom/11/28.md | 1 - rom/11/29.md | 1 - rom/11/30.md | 1 - rom/11/31.md | 1 - rom/11/32.md | 1 - rom/11/33.md | 1 - rom/11/34.md | 1 - rom/11/35.md | 3 +- rom/11/36.md | 1 - rom/11/intro.md | 8 +-- rom/12/01.md | 1 - rom/12/02.md | 1 - rom/12/03.md | 1 - rom/12/04.md | 1 - rom/12/05.md | 1 - rom/12/06.md | 1 - rom/12/07.md | 1 - rom/12/08.md | 1 - rom/12/09.md | 1 - rom/12/10.md | 1 - rom/12/11.md | 1 - rom/12/12.md | 1 - rom/12/13.md | 1 - rom/12/14.md | 1 - rom/12/15.md | 1 - rom/12/16.md | 1 - rom/12/17.md | 1 - rom/12/18.md | 1 - rom/12/19.md | 1 - rom/12/20.md | 1 - rom/12/21.md | 1 - rom/12/intro.md | 14 +++-- rom/13/01.md | 1 - rom/13/02.md | 1 - rom/13/03.md | 2 - rom/13/04.md | 1 - rom/13/05.md | 1 - rom/13/06.md | 1 - rom/13/07.md | 1 - rom/13/08.md | 1 - rom/13/09.md | 1 - rom/13/10.md | 1 - rom/13/11.md | 1 - rom/13/12.md | 1 - rom/13/13.md | 1 - rom/13/14.md | 1 - rom/13/intro.md | 13 ++-- rom/14/01.md | 1 - rom/14/02.md | 1 - rom/14/03.md | 1 - rom/14/04.md | 1 - rom/14/05.md | 1 - rom/14/06.md | 1 - rom/14/07.md | 1 - rom/14/08.md | 1 - rom/14/09.md | 1 - rom/14/10.md | 1 - rom/14/11.md | 1 - rom/14/12.md | 1 - rom/14/13.md | 1 - rom/14/14.md | 1 - rom/14/15.md | 1 - rom/14/16.md | 1 - rom/14/17.md | 1 - rom/14/18.md | 1 - rom/14/19.md | 1 - rom/14/20.md | 1 - rom/14/21.md | 1 - rom/14/22.md | 1 - rom/14/23.md | 1 - rom/14/intro.md | 15 +++-- rom/15/01.md | 1 - rom/15/02.md | 1 - rom/15/03.md | 1 - rom/15/04.md | 1 - rom/15/05.md | 1 - rom/15/06.md | 1 - rom/15/07.md | 1 - rom/15/08.md | 1 - rom/15/09.md | 1 - rom/15/10.md | 1 - rom/15/11.md | 1 - rom/15/12.md | 1 - rom/15/13.md | 1 - rom/15/14.md | 1 - rom/15/15.md | 1 - rom/15/16.md | 2 +- rom/15/17.md | 1 - rom/15/18.md | 1 - rom/15/19.md | 1 - rom/15/20.md | 1 - rom/15/21.md | 1 - rom/15/22.md | 1 - rom/15/23.md | 1 - rom/15/24.md | 1 - rom/15/25.md | 1 - rom/15/26.md | 1 - rom/15/27.md | 1 - rom/15/28.md | 1 - rom/15/29.md | 1 - rom/15/30.md | 1 - rom/15/31.md | 1 - rom/15/32.md | 1 - rom/15/33.md | 1 - rom/15/intro.md | 10 +-- rom/16/02.md | 1 - rom/16/03.md | 1 - rom/16/04.md | 1 - rom/16/05.md | 1 - rom/16/06.md | 1 - rom/16/07.md | 1 - rom/16/08.md | 1 - rom/16/09.md | 1 - rom/16/10.md | 1 - rom/16/11.md | 1 - rom/16/12.md | 1 - rom/16/13.md | 1 - rom/16/14.md | 1 - rom/16/15.md | 1 - rom/16/16.md | 1 - rom/16/17.md | 1 - rom/16/18.md | 1 - rom/16/19.md | 1 - rom/16/20.md | 1 - rom/16/21.md | 1 - rom/16/22.md | 1 - rom/16/23.md | 1 - rom/16/24.md | 1 - rom/16/25.md | 1 - rom/16/26.md | 1 - rom/16/27.md | 1 - rom/16/intro.md | 5 +- rom/front/intro.md | 6 +- rut/01/01.md | 1 - rut/01/02.md | 1 - rut/01/03.md | 1 - rut/01/04.md | 1 - rut/01/05.md | 1 - rut/01/06.md | 1 - rut/01/07.md | 1 - rut/01/08.md | 1 - rut/01/09.md | 1 - rut/01/10.md | 1 - rut/01/11.md | 1 - rut/01/12.md | 1 - rut/01/13.md | 1 - rut/01/14.md | 1 - rut/01/15.md | 1 - rut/01/16.md | 1 - rut/01/17.md | 1 - rut/01/18.md | 1 - rut/01/19.md | 1 - rut/01/20.md | 1 - rut/01/21.md | 1 - rut/01/22.md | 1 - rut/01/intro.md | 16 ++--- rut/02/01.md | 1 - rut/02/02.md | 1 - rut/02/03.md | 1 - rut/02/04.md | 1 - rut/02/05.md | 1 - rut/02/06.md | 1 - rut/02/07.md | 1 - rut/02/08.md | 1 - rut/02/09.md | 1 - rut/02/10.md | 1 - rut/02/11.md | 1 - rut/02/12.md | 1 - rut/02/13.md | 1 - rut/02/14.md | 1 - rut/02/15.md | 1 - rut/02/16.md | 1 - rut/02/17.md | 1 - rut/02/18.md | 1 - rut/02/19.md | 1 - rut/02/20.md | 1 - rut/02/21.md | 1 - rut/02/22.md | 1 - rut/02/23.md | 1 - rut/02/intro.md | 6 +- rut/03/01.md | 1 - rut/03/02.md | 1 - rut/03/03.md | 1 - rut/03/04.md | 1 - rut/03/05.md | 1 - rut/03/06.md | 1 - rut/03/07.md | 1 - rut/03/08.md | 1 - rut/03/09.md | 1 - rut/03/10.md | 1 - rut/03/11.md | 1 - rut/03/12.md | 1 - rut/03/13.md | 1 - rut/03/14.md | 1 - rut/03/15.md | 1 - rut/03/16.md | 1 - rut/03/17.md | 1 - rut/03/18.md | 1 - rut/03/intro.md | 13 ++-- rut/04/01.md | 1 - rut/04/02.md | 1 - rut/04/03.md | 1 - rut/04/04.md | 1 - rut/04/05.md | 1 - rut/04/06.md | 1 - rut/04/07.md | 1 - rut/04/08.md | 1 - rut/04/09.md | 1 - rut/04/10.md | 1 - rut/04/11.md | 1 - rut/04/12.md | 1 - rut/04/13.md | 1 - rut/04/14.md | 1 - rut/04/15.md | 1 - rut/04/16.md | 1 - rut/04/17.md | 1 - rut/04/18.md | 1 - rut/04/19.md | 1 - rut/04/20.md | 1 - rut/04/21.md | 1 - rut/04/22.md | 1 - rut/04/intro.md | 19 +++--- rut/front/intro.md | 9 ++- sng/01/01.md | 3 +- sng/01/02.md | 1 - sng/01/03.md | 3 +- sng/01/04.md | 1 - sng/01/05.md | 1 - sng/01/06.md | 1 - sng/01/07.md | 1 - sng/01/08.md | 1 - sng/01/09.md | 1 - sng/01/10.md | 1 - sng/01/11.md | 1 - sng/01/12.md | 1 - sng/01/13.md | 1 - sng/01/14.md | 1 - sng/01/15.md | 1 - sng/01/16.md | 3 +- sng/01/17.md | 1 - sng/01/intro.md | 19 +++--- sng/02/01.md | 3 +- sng/02/02.md | 1 - sng/02/03.md | 3 +- sng/02/04.md | 1 - sng/02/05.md | 1 - sng/02/06.md | 1 - sng/02/07.md | 1 - sng/02/08.md | 3 +- sng/02/09.md | 1 - sng/02/10.md | 1 - sng/02/11.md | 1 - sng/02/12.md | 1 - sng/02/13.md | 1 - sng/02/14.md | 1 - sng/02/15.md | 1 - sng/02/16.md | 1 - sng/02/17.md | 1 - sng/02/intro.md | 9 +-- sng/03/01.md | 1 - sng/03/02.md | 1 - sng/03/03.md | 1 - sng/03/04.md | 1 - sng/03/05.md | 1 - sng/03/06.md | 1 - sng/03/07.md | 1 - sng/03/08.md | 1 - sng/03/09.md | 1 - sng/03/10.md | 1 - sng/03/11.md | 1 - sng/03/intro.md | 11 ++-- sng/04/01.md | 1 - sng/04/02.md | 1 - sng/04/03.md | 1 - sng/04/04.md | 1 - sng/04/05.md | 1 - sng/04/06.md | 1 - sng/04/07.md | 1 - sng/04/08.md | 1 - sng/04/09.md | 1 - sng/04/10.md | 1 - sng/04/11.md | 1 - sng/04/12.md | 1 - sng/04/13.md | 1 - sng/04/14.md | 1 - sng/04/15.md | 1 - sng/04/16.md | 1 - sng/04/intro.md | 18 +++--- sng/05/01.md | 1 - sng/05/02.md | 1 - sng/05/03.md | 1 - sng/05/04.md | 1 - sng/05/05.md | 1 - sng/05/06.md | 1 - sng/05/07.md | 1 - sng/05/08.md | 1 - sng/05/09.md | 3 +- sng/05/10.md | 1 - sng/05/11.md | 1 - sng/05/12.md | 1 - sng/05/13.md | 1 - sng/05/14.md | 1 - sng/05/15.md | 1 - sng/05/16.md | 1 - sng/05/intro.md | 24 ++++---- sng/06/01.md | 1 - sng/06/02.md | 1 - sng/06/03.md | 1 - sng/06/04.md | 1 - sng/06/05.md | 1 - sng/06/06.md | 1 - sng/06/07.md | 1 - sng/06/08.md | 3 +- sng/06/09.md | 1 - sng/06/10.md | 1 - sng/06/11.md | 1 - sng/06/12.md | 1 - sng/06/13.md | 1 - sng/06/intro.md | 13 ++-- sng/07/01.md | 1 - sng/07/02.md | 1 - sng/07/03.md | 1 - sng/07/04.md | 1 - sng/07/05.md | 1 - sng/07/06.md | 1 - sng/07/07.md | 1 - sng/07/08.md | 1 - sng/07/09.md | 1 - sng/07/10.md | 1 - sng/07/11.md | 1 - sng/07/12.md | 1 - sng/07/13.md | 1 - sng/07/intro.md | 13 ++-- sng/08/01.md | 1 - sng/08/02.md | 1 - sng/08/03.md | 1 - sng/08/04.md | 1 - sng/08/05.md | 1 - sng/08/06.md | 1 - sng/08/07.md | 1 - sng/08/08.md | 1 - sng/08/09.md | 1 - sng/08/10.md | 1 - sng/08/11.md | 1 - sng/08/12.md | 1 - sng/08/13.md | 1 - sng/08/14.md | 1 - sng/08/intro.md | 11 ++-- sng/front/intro.md | 5 +- tit/01/01.md | 1 - tit/01/02.md | 1 - tit/01/03.md | 1 - tit/01/04.md | 1 - tit/01/05.md | 1 - tit/01/06.md | 1 - tit/01/07.md | 1 - tit/01/08.md | 1 - tit/01/09.md | 1 - tit/01/10.md | 1 - tit/01/11.md | 1 - tit/01/12.md | 1 - tit/01/13.md | 1 - tit/01/14.md | 1 - tit/01/15.md | 1 - tit/01/16.md | 1 - tit/01/intro.md | 16 ++--- tit/02/01.md | 2 - tit/02/02.md | 1 - tit/02/03.md | 1 - tit/02/04.md | 1 - tit/02/05.md | 1 - tit/02/06.md | 1 - tit/02/07.md | 1 - tit/02/08.md | 1 - tit/02/09.md | 1 - tit/02/10.md | 1 - tit/02/11.md | 1 - tit/02/12.md | 1 - tit/02/13.md | 1 - tit/02/14.md | 1 - tit/02/15.md | 1 - tit/02/intro.md | 7 +-- tit/03/01.md | 1 - tit/03/02.md | 1 - tit/03/03.md | 1 - tit/03/04.md | 1 - tit/03/05.md | 1 - tit/03/06.md | 1 - tit/03/07.md | 1 - tit/03/08.md | 1 - tit/03/09.md | 1 - tit/03/10.md | 1 - tit/03/11.md | 1 - tit/03/12.md | 1 - tit/03/13.md | 1 - tit/03/14.md | 1 - tit/03/15.md | 1 - tit/03/intro.md | 9 ++- tit/front/intro.md | 8 +-- zec/01/01.md | 1 - zec/01/02.md | 1 - zec/01/03.md | 1 - zec/01/04.md | 1 - zec/01/05.md | 1 - zec/01/06.md | 1 - zec/01/07.md | 1 - zec/01/08.md | 1 - zec/01/09.md | 1 - zec/01/10.md | 1 - zec/01/11.md | 1 - zec/01/12.md | 1 - zec/01/13.md | 1 - zec/01/14.md | 1 - zec/01/15.md | 1 - zec/01/16.md | 1 - zec/01/17.md | 1 - zec/01/18.md | 1 - zec/01/19.md | 1 - zec/01/20.md | 1 - zec/01/21.md | 1 - zec/01/intro.md | 17 +++--- zec/02/01.md | 1 - zec/02/02.md | 1 - zec/02/03.md | 1 - zec/02/04.md | 1 - zec/02/05.md | 1 - zec/02/06.md | 1 - zec/02/07.md | 1 - zec/02/08.md | 1 - zec/02/09.md | 1 - zec/02/10.md | 1 - zec/02/11.md | 1 - zec/02/12.md | 1 - zec/02/13.md | 1 - zec/02/intro.md | 17 +++--- zec/03/01.md | 1 - zec/03/02.md | 1 - zec/03/03.md | 1 - zec/03/04.md | 1 - zec/03/05.md | 1 - zec/03/06.md | 1 - zec/03/07.md | 1 - zec/03/08.md | 1 - zec/03/09.md | 1 - zec/03/10.md | 1 - zec/03/intro.md | 16 ++--- zec/04/01.md | 1 - zec/04/02.md | 1 - zec/04/03.md | 1 - zec/04/04.md | 1 - zec/04/05.md | 1 - zec/04/06.md | 1 - zec/04/07.md | 1 - zec/04/08.md | 1 - zec/04/09.md | 1 - zec/04/10.md | 1 - zec/04/11.md | 1 - zec/04/12.md | 1 - zec/04/13.md | 1 - zec/04/14.md | 1 - zec/04/intro.md | 12 ++-- zec/05/01.md | 1 - zec/05/02.md | 1 - zec/05/03.md | 1 - zec/05/04.md | 1 - zec/05/05.md | 1 - zec/05/06.md | 1 - zec/05/07.md | 1 - zec/05/08.md | 1 - zec/05/09.md | 1 - zec/05/10.md | 1 - zec/05/11.md | 1 - zec/05/intro.md | 3 +- zec/06/01.md | 1 - zec/06/02.md | 1 - zec/06/03.md | 1 - zec/06/04.md | 1 - zec/06/05.md | 1 - zec/06/06.md | 1 - zec/06/07.md | 1 - zec/06/08.md | 1 - zec/06/09.md | 1 - zec/06/10.md | 1 - zec/06/11.md | 1 - zec/06/12.md | 1 - zec/06/13.md | 1 - zec/06/14.md | 1 - zec/06/15.md | 1 - zec/06/intro.md | 15 ++--- zec/07/01.md | 1 - zec/07/02.md | 1 - zec/07/03.md | 1 - zec/07/04.md | 1 - zec/07/05.md | 1 - zec/07/06.md | 1 - zec/07/07.md | 1 - zec/07/08.md | 1 - zec/07/09.md | 1 - zec/07/10.md | 1 - zec/07/11.md | 1 - zec/07/12.md | 1 - zec/07/13.md | 1 - zec/07/14.md | 1 - zec/07/intro.md | 12 ++-- zec/08/01.md | 1 - zec/08/02.md | 1 - zec/08/03.md | 1 - zec/08/04.md | 1 - zec/08/05.md | 1 - zec/08/06.md | 1 - zec/08/07.md | 1 - zec/08/08.md | 1 - zec/08/09.md | 1 - zec/08/10.md | 1 - zec/08/11.md | 1 - zec/08/12.md | 1 - zec/08/13.md | 1 - zec/08/14.md | 1 - zec/08/15.md | 1 - zec/08/16.md | 1 - zec/08/17.md | 1 - zec/08/18.md | 1 - zec/08/19.md | 1 - zec/08/20.md | 1 - zec/08/21.md | 1 - zec/08/22.md | 1 - zec/08/23.md | 1 - zec/08/intro.md | 3 +- zec/09/01.md | 1 - zec/09/02.md | 1 - zec/09/03.md | 1 - zec/09/04.md | 1 - zec/09/05.md | 1 - zec/09/06.md | 1 - zec/09/07.md | 1 - zec/09/08.md | 1 - zec/09/09.md | 1 - zec/09/10.md | 1 - zec/09/11.md | 1 - zec/09/12.md | 1 - zec/09/13.md | 1 - zec/09/14.md | 1 - zec/09/15.md | 1 - zec/09/16.md | 1 - zec/09/17.md | 1 - zec/09/intro.md | 10 +-- zec/10/01.md | 1 - zec/10/02.md | 1 - zec/10/03.md | 1 - zec/10/04.md | 1 - zec/10/05.md | 1 - zec/10/06.md | 1 - zec/10/07.md | 1 - zec/10/08.md | 1 - zec/10/09.md | 1 - zec/10/10.md | 1 - zec/10/11.md | 1 - zec/10/12.md | 1 - zec/10/intro.md | 9 +-- zec/11/01.md | 1 - zec/11/02.md | 1 - zec/11/03.md | 1 - zec/11/04.md | 1 - zec/11/05.md | 1 - zec/11/06.md | 1 - zec/11/07.md | 1 - zec/11/08.md | 1 - zec/11/09.md | 1 - zec/11/10.md | 1 - zec/11/11.md | 1 - zec/11/12.md | 1 - zec/11/13.md | 1 - zec/11/14.md | 1 - zec/11/15.md | 1 - zec/11/16.md | 1 - zec/11/17.md | 1 - zec/11/intro.md | 11 ++-- zec/12/01.md | 1 - zec/12/02.md | 1 - zec/12/03.md | 1 - zec/12/04.md | 1 - zec/12/05.md | 1 - zec/12/06.md | 1 - zec/12/07.md | 1 - zec/12/08.md | 1 - zec/12/09.md | 1 - zec/12/10.md | 1 - zec/12/11.md | 1 - zec/12/12.md | 1 - zec/12/13.md | 1 - zec/12/14.md | 1 - zec/12/intro.md | 9 +-- zec/13/01.md | 1 - zec/13/02.md | 1 - zec/13/03.md | 1 - zec/13/04.md | 1 - zec/13/05.md | 1 - zec/13/06.md | 1 - zec/13/07.md | 1 - zec/13/08.md | 1 - zec/13/09.md | 1 - zec/13/intro.md | 7 +-- zec/14/01.md | 1 - zec/14/02.md | 1 - zec/14/03.md | 1 - zec/14/04.md | 1 - zec/14/05.md | 1 - zec/14/06.md | 1 - zec/14/07.md | 1 - zec/14/08.md | 1 - zec/14/09.md | 1 - zec/14/10.md | 1 - zec/14/11.md | 1 - zec/14/12.md | 1 - zec/14/13.md | 1 - zec/14/14.md | 1 - zec/14/15.md | 1 - zec/14/16.md | 1 - zec/14/17.md | 1 - zec/14/18.md | 1 - zec/14/19.md | 1 - zec/14/20.md | 1 - zec/14/21.md | 1 - zec/14/intro.md | 9 ++- zec/front/intro.md | 30 ++++----- zep/01/01.md | 1 - zep/01/02.md | 1 - zep/01/03.md | 1 - zep/01/04.md | 1 - zep/01/05.md | 1 - zep/01/06.md | 1 - zep/01/07.md | 1 - zep/01/08.md | 1 - zep/01/09.md | 1 - zep/01/10.md | 1 - zep/01/11.md | 1 - zep/01/12.md | 1 - zep/01/13.md | 1 - zep/01/14.md | 1 - zep/01/15.md | 1 - zep/01/16.md | 1 - zep/01/17.md | 1 - zep/01/18.md | 1 - zep/01/intro.md | 8 +-- zep/02/01.md | 1 - zep/02/02.md | 1 - zep/02/03.md | 1 - zep/02/04.md | 1 - zep/02/05.md | 1 - zep/02/06.md | 1 - zep/02/07.md | 1 - zep/02/08.md | 1 - zep/02/09.md | 1 - zep/02/10.md | 1 - zep/02/11.md | 1 - zep/02/12.md | 1 - zep/02/13.md | 1 - zep/02/14.md | 1 - zep/02/15.md | 1 - zep/02/intro.md | 9 +-- zep/03/01.md | 1 - zep/03/02.md | 1 - zep/03/03.md | 1 - zep/03/04.md | 1 - zep/03/05.md | 1 - zep/03/06.md | 1 - zep/03/07.md | 1 - zep/03/08.md | 1 - zep/03/09.md | 1 - zep/03/10.md | 1 - zep/03/11.md | 1 - zep/03/12.md | 1 - zep/03/13.md | 1 - zep/03/14.md | 1 - zep/03/15.md | 1 - zep/03/16.md | 1 - zep/03/17.md | 1 - zep/03/18.md | 1 - zep/03/19.md | 1 - zep/03/20.md | 1 - zep/03/intro.md | 8 +-- zep/front/intro.md | 13 ++-- 32357 files changed, 7373 insertions(+), 38076 deletions(-) diff --git a/00-BIEL_Descriptions/About.Each.Resource.md b/00-BIEL_Descriptions/About.Each.Resource.md index 3767415e24..c28014b2f8 100644 --- a/00-BIEL_Descriptions/About.Each.Resource.md +++ b/00-BIEL_Descriptions/About.Each.Resource.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ The Unlocked Literal Bible (ULB) is an adaptation of the American Standard Versi #### WA Translation Helps -The WA Translation Helps are pdf files that contain verse-by-verse translation helps for translators. They contain the Unlocked Literal Bible, Unlocked Dynamic Bible, Translation Notes, and links to Translation Words and Translation Topics. +The WA Translation Helps are pdf files that contain verse-by-verse translation helps for translators. They contain the Unlocked Literal Bible, Unlocked Dynamic Bible, Translation Notes, and links to Translation Words and Translation Topics. The Translation Notes deal with topics such as pronouns, implicit information, cultural information, figures of speech and more. They also have book and chapter introductions. Also included in the Translation Resources are Translation Questions. @@ -14,20 +14,20 @@ The Reviewer's Guide is a collection of documents to help local churches check t #### Translation Questions -These questions are designed to help the translators check for comprehension related to specific books of the Bible. +These questions are designed to help the translators check for comprehension related to specific books of the Bible. #### Translation Words -This contains a list of important biblical words along with definitions and translation suggestions. +This contains a list of important biblical words along with definitions and translation suggestions. #### Translation Manual The Translation Manual teaches the basics of translation theory and processes, provides practical helps for dealing with various translation issues, and provides instruction and processes for checking translations. -#### Unlocked Dynamic Bible +#### Unlocked Dynamic Bible The Unlocked Dynamic Bible (UDB) is a supplemental resource that can be used alongside the ULB to help clarify difficult passages. #### Open Bible Stories -This contains fifty bible stories from the Old and New Testaments along with the following support resources: illustrations, notes, words, and questions. \ No newline at end of file +This contains fifty bible stories from the Old and New Testaments along with the following support resources: illustrations, notes, words, and questions. diff --git a/00-tH_front&back/tH-1-Intro.md b/00-tH_front&back/tH-1-Intro.md index 04000ecc1f..20331d3a87 100644 --- a/00-tH_front&back/tH-1-Intro.md +++ b/00-tH_front&back/tH-1-Intro.md @@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ The first section of this document is called "Translation Notes." It has an intr * Links to Translation Words in that verse * The Unlocked Dynamic Bible translation of that verse * Links to the following + * Introduction to the book * General Notes about the chapter * Translation Questions for the chapter @@ -39,4 +40,5 @@ All of these resources and PDFs of Translation Resources for other books of the These resources are also integrated into BTT Writer and VMAST so that translators can have immediate access to them while translating. BTT Writer and VMAST are available on the Tools page of [Bible in Every Language](https://bibleineverylanguage.org/tools/) (https://bibleineverylanguage.org/tools/). ## Questions, comments, and suggestions -We welcome questions, comments, and suggestions. You may send them to helpdesk@techadvancement.com or training_wa@wycliffeassociates.org. \ No newline at end of file + +We welcome questions, comments, and suggestions. You may send them to helpdesk@techadvancement.com or training_wa@wycliffeassociates.org. diff --git a/00-tN_front&back/tN-11-Intro.md b/00-tN_front&back/tN-11-Intro.md index 8b3e043f23..d3e700df96 100644 --- a/00-tN_front&back/tN-11-Intro.md +++ b/00-tN_front&back/tN-11-Intro.md @@ -2,29 +2,32 @@ Translation Notes is a set of open-licensed exegetical notes that provide historical, cultural, and linguistic information for translators. It provides translators and checkers with pertinent, just-in-time information to help them make the best possible translation decisions. -**You can learn more about Translation Notes** in the Appendix to the Translation Notes [[rc://en_tn/00-About_tN/tN-3-Appendix.md]]. It has the following sections: +**You can learn more about Translation Notes** in the Appendix to the Translation Notes [[rc://en_tn/00-About_tN/tN-3-Appendix.md]]. It has the following sections: * Decisions Concerning Translation Notes * How to use Translation Notes * Types of Translation Notes * Contributors to Translation Notes (Fuller List) ## Viewing + To read or print Translation Notes, see ULB Translation Notes on the Translations page of [Bible in Every Language] (https://bibleineverylanguage.org/translations/) (https://bibleineverylanguage.org/translations/). Translation Notes are also integrated into BTT Writer and VMAST so that translators can have immediate access to them while translating. BTT Writer and VMAST are available on the Tools page of [Bible in Every Language](https://bibleineverylanguage.org/tools/) (https://bibleineverylanguage.org/tools/). ## Questions, comments, and suggestions + We welcome questions, comments, and suggestions. You may send them to helpdesk@techadvancement.com or training_wa@wycliffeassociates.org. ## Contributors to the Translation Notes: - - John Hutchins, MA in New Testament, MA in Biblical Languages - - Robert W Johnson, B.S./M.S., Chemical Engineering - - Perry Oakes, PhD in Old Testament, MA in Linguistics - - James N. Pohlig, M.Div., MA in Linguistics, D. Litt. in Biblical Languages - - Edward Quigley, MA in Linguistics - - Susan Quigley, MA in Linguistics - - Larry Sallee, D.Min. + + - John Hutchins, MA in New Testament, MA in Biblical Languages + - Robert W Johnson, B.S./M.S., Chemical Engineering + - Perry Oakes, PhD in Old Testament, MA in Linguistics + - James N. Pohlig, M.Div., MA in Linguistics, D. Litt. in Biblical Languages + - Edward Quigley, MA in Linguistics + - Susan Quigley, MA in Linguistics + - Larry Sallee, D.Min. - Bram van den Heuvel, MA in Bible/Biblical Studies - - Henry Whitney, BA, Education + - Henry Whitney, BA, Education - Door43 World Missions Community - - Wycliffe Associates Staff \ No newline at end of file + - Wycliffe Associates Staff diff --git a/00-tN_front&back/tN-20-Appendix.md b/00-tN_front&back/tN-20-Appendix.md index 54a1df2dee..de67fdc028 100644 --- a/00-tN_front&back/tN-20-Appendix.md +++ b/00-tN_front&back/tN-20-Appendix.md @@ -23,12 +23,15 @@ Sometimes, at the top of the list of notes, there are notes that start with **Co Sometimes you may not know what a word in the ULB means. The notes may have a definition or a description of the word or phrase to help you understand what it means. ### Notes that Explain + Sometimes you may not know what a word or phrase means in the ULB, and it may also be used in the UDB. In this case, it will be explained in the notes. These explanations are meant to help you understand the word or phrase. Do not translate the explanations into your Bible. Use them to help you understand the meaning so you can translate the Bible text correctly. ### Notes with Synonyms and Equivalent Phrases + Some Notes provide a translation suggestion that can replace the word or phrase that they quote from the ULB. These replacements can fit into the sentence without changing the meaning of the sentence. These are synonyms and equivalent phrases and are written in double-quotes. These mean the same as the text in the ULB. This kind of Note can help you to think of other ways to say the same thing, in case the word or phrase in the ULB does not seem to have a natural equivalent in your language. ### Notes about Alternate Translations + Sometimes if people try to translate a sentence using the same form as the ULB, it may result in a wrong meaning, or it may be unclear or unnatural in their language. So some Translation Notes have the words “Alternate translation” followed by one or more translations. These translations express the same meaning as the ULB, but with a different form. If following the form of the ULB would not give the correct meaning in a clear and natural way, translators may use the alternate translations to help them think of ways of expressing the idea clearly in their own language. The alternate translation suggestion may involve, for example, stating implicit information clearly, changing passive voice to active, or rewording rhetorical questions as statements. The notes often explain why there is an alternate translation and have a link to a page that explains the topic. @@ -41,15 +44,15 @@ Sometimes translators can translate the text into their language in such a way t The translator needs to decide which meaning to translate. He may choose the meaning used in the ULB or he may choose one of the other meanings if the people in their community use and respect another Bible version that has one of those other meanings. - ### Notes about Probable or Possible Meanings + Sometimes Bible scholars do not know for sure, or do not agree on, what a particular phrase or sentence in the Bible means. When the ULB translators could translate the text in a way such that readers can understand the multiple meanings, our notes begin with "Possible meanings are" and then give a numbered list. We recommend that you use the first meaning given. However, if people in your community have access to another Bible that uses one of the other possible meanings, you may decide that it is better to use that meaning. ### Notes with Links There are two types of links in the Translation Notes: links to a translation topic and links another verse in the same book. -**Links to Translation Topics** +**Links to Translation Topics** Translation notes address various language and translation issues. Sometimes at the end of a translation note there is a statement in parentheses that may look like this: (See: Metaphor). The word or phrase after "See:" is a link to a translation topic in the Translation Manual. The topic deals with an issue that the note addresses. You can click on the link to learn more about the topic. There are several reasons to read the topic information: @@ -57,8 +60,7 @@ There are several reasons to read the topic information: * Learning about the topic will help the translator to translate more accurately. * The topics have been chosen to provide a basic understanding of the principles and strategies of translation. - -**Links to Another Verse in the Same Book** +**Links to Another Verse in the Same Book** In some Translation Notes there is a sentence that may look like this: See how you translated this in Genesis 1:5. This is because sometimes a word or phrase is used in the same way multiple times in one book. There are several reasons why you will want to see how you had translated the word or phrase before: @@ -67,6 +69,7 @@ There are several reasons why you will want to see how you had translated the wo * This will make your translation faster and more consistent because you will be reminded to translate that phrase in the same way each time. ### Notes That Identify Figures of Speech + Figures of speech are ways of saying things that use words in non-literal ways. That is, the meaning of a figure of speech is not the same as the more direct meaning of its words. There are many different types of figures of speech. In the Translation Notes there will be an explanation about the meaning of a figure of speech that is in the passage. Sometimes an alternate translation is provided. There will also be a link to page in the translation topics section of the Translation Manual that gives additional information and strategies for that kind of figure of speech. @@ -74,15 +77,17 @@ In the Translation Notes there will be an explanation about the meaning of a fig In order to translate the meaning, you need to be able to recognize the figure of speech and know what it means in the source language. Then you can choose either a figure of speech or a direct way to communicate that same meaning in the target language. ### Notes that Identify Indirect and Direct Quotes + There are two kinds of quotations: direct quotation and indirect quotation. When translating a quotation, translators need to decide whether to translate it as a direct quotation or an indirect quotation. -When there is a quote in the ULB, the note may have an option for translating it as the other kind of quote. The translation suggestion may start with "It can be translated as a direct quote:" or "It can be translated as an indirect quote:" and it will be followed by that kind of quote. This will be followed by a link to the translation topic page that explains both kinds of quotations: "[Direct and Indirect Quotations](../figs-quotations/01.md)" +When there is a quote in the ULB, the note may have an option for translating it as the other kind of quote. The translation suggestion may start with "It can be translated as a direct quote:" or "It can be translated as an indirect quote:" and it will be followed by that kind of quote. This will be followed by a link to the translation topic page that explains both kinds of quotations: "[Direct and Indirect Quotations](../figs-quotations/01.md)" There may be a note about direct and indirect quotes when a quote has another quote inside of it, because these can be confusing. In some languages it may be more natural to translate one of these quotes with a direct quote and the other quote with an indirect quote. The note will also have a link to the translation topic page called "[Quotes within Quotes](../figs-quotesinquotes/01.md)." ### Notes for Long ULB Phrases + Sometimes there are notes for a phrase and separate notes for portions of that phrase. In that case, the larger phrase is usually explained first, and its parts afterward. ## Contributors to Translation Notes -{{manifest}} \ No newline at end of file +{{manifest}} diff --git a/1ch/01/01.md b/1ch/01/01.md index 69feeb7063..2173960a20 100644 --- a/1ch/01/01.md +++ b/1ch/01/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Adam ... Seth ... Enosh These are all names of men. Each man was the father or ancestor of the next man in the list. If your language has a specific way to mark this kind of list, you can use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/02.md b/1ch/01/02.md index c4348326f7..c52cdc12f9 100644 --- a/1ch/01/02.md +++ b/1ch/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kenan ... Mahalalel ... Jared These are all names of men. Each man was the father or ancestor of the next man in the list. If your language has a specific way to mark this kind of list, you can use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/03.md b/1ch/01/03.md index 4384b31630..44e0de60df 100644 --- a/1ch/01/03.md +++ b/1ch/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Enoch ... Methuselah ... Lamech These are all names of men. Each man was the father or ancestor of the next man in the list. If your language has a specific way to mark this kind of list, you can use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/04.md b/1ch/01/04.md index 782141a62b..32a871239c 100644 --- a/1ch/01/04.md +++ b/1ch/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some versions, including the ULB and UDB, include "The sons of" in order to make # Noah Noah was Lamech's son. Alternate translation: "Lamech's son Noah" - diff --git a/1ch/01/05.md b/1ch/01/05.md index 835854f787..b79765cfd7 100644 --- a/1ch/01/05.md +++ b/1ch/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gomer ... Magog ... Madai ... Javan ... Tubal ... Meshech ... Tiras These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/06.md b/1ch/01/06.md index c53733e8b0..b5c2751746 100644 --- a/1ch/01/06.md +++ b/1ch/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ashkenaz ... Riphath ... Togarmah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/07.md b/1ch/01/07.md index bb2fdf92a0..6b19fc30ed 100644 --- a/1ch/01/07.md +++ b/1ch/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Rodanites This name is sometimes spelled "Dodanites." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/08.md b/1ch/01/08.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/01/08.md +++ b/1ch/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/09.md b/1ch/01/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/09.md +++ b/1ch/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/10.md b/1ch/01/10.md index 74e4880397..2b96f35122 100644 --- a/1ch/01/10.md +++ b/1ch/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "who became a mighty man" or 2) "who was the first migh # mighty man or "warrior" or "conqueror" - diff --git a/1ch/01/11.md b/1ch/01/11.md index b4dfd87a51..b8ab014643 100644 --- a/1ch/01/11.md +++ b/1ch/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ludites ... Anamites ... Lehabites ... Naphtuhites These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/12.md b/1ch/01/12.md index 2c0fe40bcf..dc78871422 100644 --- a/1ch/01/12.md +++ b/1ch/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # from whom the Philistines came "the ancestors of the Philistines" - diff --git a/1ch/01/13.md b/1ch/01/13.md index ac8bbca41c..abc23b6a35 100644 --- a/1ch/01/13.md +++ b/1ch/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hittites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/14.md b/1ch/01/14.md index 885fd32953..c51c5a89e3 100644 --- a/1ch/01/14.md +++ b/1ch/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jebusites ... Amorites ... Girgashites These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/15.md b/1ch/01/15.md index b9d1dd407b..d3ced90eb6 100644 --- a/1ch/01/15.md +++ b/1ch/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hivites ... Arkites ... Sinites These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/16.md b/1ch/01/16.md index 715aaa3d43..75111f7c9a 100644 --- a/1ch/01/16.md +++ b/1ch/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Arvadites ... Zemarites ... Hamathites These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/17.md b/1ch/01/17.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/01/17.md +++ b/1ch/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/18.md b/1ch/01/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/18.md +++ b/1ch/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/19.md b/1ch/01/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/19.md +++ b/1ch/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/20.md b/1ch/01/20.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/01/20.md +++ b/1ch/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/21.md b/1ch/01/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/21.md +++ b/1ch/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/22.md b/1ch/01/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/22.md +++ b/1ch/01/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/23.md b/1ch/01/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/23.md +++ b/1ch/01/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/24.md b/1ch/01/24.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/01/24.md +++ b/1ch/01/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/25.md b/1ch/01/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/25.md +++ b/1ch/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/26.md b/1ch/01/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/26.md +++ b/1ch/01/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/27.md b/1ch/01/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/27.md +++ b/1ch/01/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/28.md b/1ch/01/28.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/01/28.md +++ b/1ch/01/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/29.md b/1ch/01/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/29.md +++ b/1ch/01/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/30.md b/1ch/01/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/30.md +++ b/1ch/01/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/31.md b/1ch/01/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/31.md +++ b/1ch/01/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/32.md b/1ch/01/32.md index 5c2a7e6076..34477c0ebf 100644 --- a/1ch/01/32.md +++ b/1ch/01/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here except for Keturah are names of men. Keturah is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/33.md b/1ch/01/33.md index 5c2a7e6076..34477c0ebf 100644 --- a/1ch/01/33.md +++ b/1ch/01/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here except for Keturah are names of men. Keturah is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/34.md b/1ch/01/34.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/01/34.md +++ b/1ch/01/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/35.md b/1ch/01/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/35.md +++ b/1ch/01/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/36.md b/1ch/01/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/36.md +++ b/1ch/01/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/37.md b/1ch/01/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/37.md +++ b/1ch/01/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/38.md b/1ch/01/38.md index 457aa830a6..ca5a913611 100644 --- a/1ch/01/38.md +++ b/1ch/01/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names in this verse are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/39.md b/1ch/01/39.md index 12b67ebd73..7be55244d7 100644 --- a/1ch/01/39.md +++ b/1ch/01/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men, execpt for Timna. Timna is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/40.md b/1ch/01/40.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/01/40.md +++ b/1ch/01/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/41.md b/1ch/01/41.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/01/41.md +++ b/1ch/01/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/42.md b/1ch/01/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/01/42.md +++ b/1ch/01/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/01/43.md b/1ch/01/43.md index d312c5aec9..ba35ed0695 100644 --- a/1ch/01/43.md +++ b/1ch/01/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Bela ... Beor These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/45.md b/1ch/01/45.md index 8c82a6de3e..d9070c7aef 100644 --- a/1ch/01/45.md +++ b/1ch/01/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Temanites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/46.md b/1ch/01/46.md index a667d3b4da..0a9921ecf8 100644 --- a/1ch/01/46.md +++ b/1ch/01/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Avith This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/47.md b/1ch/01/47.md index 489af24af8..5f15b3a4f5 100644 --- a/1ch/01/47.md +++ b/1ch/01/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Masrekah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/48.md b/1ch/01/48.md index 7721db1f47..9872ca3658 100644 --- a/1ch/01/48.md +++ b/1ch/01/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Shaul lived in Rehoboth. Rehoboth was by the Euphrates river. This information m # Rehoboth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/49.md b/1ch/01/49.md index c0851ade53..4b4049703a 100644 --- a/1ch/01/49.md +++ b/1ch/01/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shaul ... Baal-Hanan ... Akbor These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/50.md b/1ch/01/50.md index 7e8713f7a4..c4731cd287 100644 --- a/1ch/01/50.md +++ b/1ch/01/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Mehetabel ... Matred These are the names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/51.md b/1ch/01/51.md index ca6d496880..506f2840ec 100644 --- a/1ch/01/51.md +++ b/1ch/01/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Edom This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/52.md b/1ch/01/52.md index b970b0e3af..0476e8c9c5 100644 --- a/1ch/01/52.md +++ b/1ch/01/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Oholibamah ... Elah ... Pinon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/53.md b/1ch/01/53.md index 1c72ee0a46..ef0eab8786 100644 --- a/1ch/01/53.md +++ b/1ch/01/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kenaz ... Teman ... Mibzar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/54.md b/1ch/01/54.md index dbeed05406..05d00602b1 100644 --- a/1ch/01/54.md +++ b/1ch/01/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Edom This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/01/intro.md b/1ch/01/intro.md index 85205553f7..a16a61ce78 100644 --- a/1ch/01/intro.md +++ b/1ch/01/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 1 Chronicles 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter gives the genealogies of Abraham, Esau and the early kings of Edom. @@ -10,4 +10,3 @@ This chapter gives the genealogies of Abraham, Esau and the early kings of Edom. * __[1 Chronicles intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/02/01.md b/1ch/02/01.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/02/01.md +++ b/1ch/02/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/02.md b/1ch/02/02.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/02/02.md +++ b/1ch/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/03.md b/1ch/02/03.md index 369e096583..685161c242 100644 --- a/1ch/02/03.md +++ b/1ch/02/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents his judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation # Yahweh killed him The reader should understand that Yahweh may have had a person kill Er. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/04.md b/1ch/02/04.md index 4d4e9c8c98..75a45d2d36 100644 --- a/1ch/02/04.md +++ b/1ch/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # five sons "5 sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/05.md b/1ch/02/05.md index 2f8872a963..790098cd9a 100644 --- a/1ch/02/05.md +++ b/1ch/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Perez ... Hezron ... Hamul These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/06.md b/1ch/02/06.md index ecfa95e8b3..d9127f5afc 100644 --- a/1ch/02/06.md +++ b/1ch/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zerah ... Zimri ... Ethan ... Heman ... Kalkol ... Darda These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/07.md b/1ch/02/07.md index e433ff70c7..542336ad24 100644 --- a/1ch/02/07.md +++ b/1ch/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # what was devoted to God what God had said he wanted the people to destroy - diff --git a/1ch/02/08.md b/1ch/02/08.md index 3fb5f21ebb..87c69f89a0 100644 --- a/1ch/02/08.md +++ b/1ch/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ethan ... Azariah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/09.md b/1ch/02/09.md index c9c4512326..603a1a96aa 100644 --- a/1ch/02/09.md +++ b/1ch/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hezron ... Jerahmeel ... Ram ... Caleb These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/10.md b/1ch/02/10.md index 13fa0e1f2b..71c3e497b3 100644 --- a/1ch/02/10.md +++ b/1ch/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ram ... Amminadab ... Nahshon ... Judah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/11.md b/1ch/02/11.md index 0bcd22e864..e80c3d786e 100644 --- a/1ch/02/11.md +++ b/1ch/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nahshon ... Salmon ... Boaz These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/12.md b/1ch/02/12.md index 379070583c..37051a8dfd 100644 --- a/1ch/02/12.md +++ b/1ch/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Boaz ... Obed ... Jesse These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/13.md b/1ch/02/13.md index 96915b460f..286016eac7 100644 --- a/1ch/02/13.md +++ b/1ch/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-nam # the second ... the third The word "son" is understood. Also, the numbers are in ordinal form. Alternate translation: "the second son ... the third son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/14.md b/1ch/02/14.md index 4a1a0c46ee..0564428def 100644 --- a/1ch/02/14.md +++ b/1ch/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the fourth ... the fifth The word "son" is understood. Also, the numbers are in ordinal form. Alternate translation: "the fourth son ... the fifth son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/15.md b/1ch/02/15.md index ec6ac36323..dee4fb63d8 100644 --- a/1ch/02/15.md +++ b/1ch/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the sixth ... the seventh The word "son" is understood. Also, the numbers are in ordinal form. Alternate translation: "the sixth son ... the seventh son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/16.md b/1ch/02/16.md index c204f3c521..46dc1809a6 100644 --- a/1ch/02/16.md +++ b/1ch/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All names here except Zeruiah and Abigail are the names of men. Zeruiah and Abigail are the names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/17.md b/1ch/02/17.md index b4717a297a..d27e3665b9 100644 --- a/1ch/02/17.md +++ b/1ch/02/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jether the Ishmaelite "Jether, a descendant of Ishmael" - diff --git a/1ch/02/18.md b/1ch/02/18.md index 7772548cad..1c8eba5a27 100644 --- a/1ch/02/18.md +++ b/1ch/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Azubah ... Jerioth These are names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/19.md b/1ch/02/19.md index a66f7b9cc7..b55479f628 100644 --- a/1ch/02/19.md +++ b/1ch/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Azubah ... Ephrath These are names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/20.md b/1ch/02/20.md index 97aaa3ac58..981aa5ea0f 100644 --- a/1ch/02/20.md +++ b/1ch/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hur ... Uri ... Bezalel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/21.md b/1ch/02/21.md index 1595cc5635..65e0f9caba 100644 --- a/1ch/02/21.md +++ b/1ch/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All names in this list are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # bore him "gave birth to" - diff --git a/1ch/02/22.md b/1ch/02/22.md index 13b66d5f9f..ce83e0db89 100644 --- a/1ch/02/22.md +++ b/1ch/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # land of Gilead People gave the land the name of the man. - diff --git a/1ch/02/23.md b/1ch/02/23.md index 65c4b61ed7..a6ca492a18 100644 --- a/1ch/02/23.md +++ b/1ch/02/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Makir ... Gilead These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/24.md b/1ch/02/24.md index 9069f30fa4..90a321c0c2 100644 --- a/1ch/02/24.md +++ b/1ch/02/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # bore him "gave birth to his son" - diff --git a/1ch/02/25.md b/1ch/02/25.md index e28f150431..a64cec913d 100644 --- a/1ch/02/25.md +++ b/1ch/02/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jerahmeel ... Hezron ... Ram ... Bunah, Oren, Ozem, and Ahijah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/26.md b/1ch/02/26.md index 2dc7599c14..43ec22bd73 100644 --- a/1ch/02/26.md +++ b/1ch/02/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Atarah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/27.md b/1ch/02/27.md index 121df0d5c4..c1015bc4c6 100644 --- a/1ch/02/27.md +++ b/1ch/02/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ram ... Jerahmeel ... Maaz, Jamin, and Eker These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/28.md b/1ch/02/28.md index 8197e45717..72394c61b3 100644 --- a/1ch/02/28.md +++ b/1ch/02/28.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Onam ... Shammai ... Jada ... Nadab ... Abishur -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/02/29.md b/1ch/02/29.md index cd15fc8df6..a59d0b0b83 100644 --- a/1ch/02/29.md +++ b/1ch/02/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Abihail This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/30.md b/1ch/02/30.md index 0d2ac03ac0..1ba8ed5dc3 100644 --- a/1ch/02/30.md +++ b/1ch/02/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nadab ... Seled ... Appaim These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/31.md b/1ch/02/31.md index 753d6256da..006c52a7ab 100644 --- a/1ch/02/31.md +++ b/1ch/02/31.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Appaim ... Ishi ... Sheshan ... Ahlai -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/02/32.md b/1ch/02/32.md index 84d1e77b49..05a0d4631e 100644 --- a/1ch/02/32.md +++ b/1ch/02/32.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Jada ... Shammai ... Jether ... Jonathan -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/02/33.md b/1ch/02/33.md index 7033bec29f..7d1bd48458 100644 --- a/1ch/02/33.md +++ b/1ch/02/33.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan ... Peleth ... Zaza ... Jerahmeel -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/02/34.md b/1ch/02/34.md index d348cc29f5..a81713301e 100644 --- a/1ch/02/34.md +++ b/1ch/02/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sheshan ... Jarha These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/35.md b/1ch/02/35.md index 860d8fb6ea..e1db66088d 100644 --- a/1ch/02/35.md +++ b/1ch/02/35.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # Sheshan ... Jarha ... Attai + These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # bore him -"gave birth to his son" +"gave birth to his son" diff --git a/1ch/02/36.md b/1ch/02/36.md index 8134bef131..953139797c 100644 --- a/1ch/02/36.md +++ b/1ch/02/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Attai ... Nathan ... Zabad These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/37.md b/1ch/02/37.md index de3da521ba..d9ccfd1ea7 100644 --- a/1ch/02/37.md +++ b/1ch/02/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zabad ... Ephlal ... Obed These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/38.md b/1ch/02/38.md index db3a544220..de93ee2012 100644 --- a/1ch/02/38.md +++ b/1ch/02/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Obed ... Jehu ... Azariah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/39.md b/1ch/02/39.md index 482436bec6..cb3eafcfa3 100644 --- a/1ch/02/39.md +++ b/1ch/02/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Azariah ... Helez ... Eleasah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/40.md b/1ch/02/40.md index 334b491633..1fb2019f54 100644 --- a/1ch/02/40.md +++ b/1ch/02/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eleasah ... Sismai ... Shallum These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/41.md b/1ch/02/41.md index 1e61fc900c..77b9fcb766 100644 --- a/1ch/02/41.md +++ b/1ch/02/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shallum ... Jekamiah ... Elishama These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/42.md b/1ch/02/42.md index 934ec2e417..ed98cd3f3e 100644 --- a/1ch/02/42.md +++ b/1ch/02/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the father of Hebron Some modern translations read, "the founder of the clan of Hebron" - diff --git a/1ch/02/43.md b/1ch/02/43.md index 2325bf16c1..30905a9729 100644 --- a/1ch/02/43.md +++ b/1ch/02/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hebron ... Korah, Tappuah, Rekem, and Shema These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/44.md b/1ch/02/44.md index ca0f0cdaf5..73253e451f 100644 --- a/1ch/02/44.md +++ b/1ch/02/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the father of Raham, the father of Jorkeam ... the father of Shammai Some modern translations read, "the founder of the clan of Hebron ... the founder of the clan of Raham, the founder of the clan of Jorkeam ... the founder of the clan of Shammai." - diff --git a/1ch/02/45.md b/1ch/02/45.md index 120481347d..9b7125789f 100644 --- a/1ch/02/45.md +++ b/1ch/02/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shammai ... Maon ... Beth Zur These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/46.md b/1ch/02/46.md index c0ad4748d9..be81575c1f 100644 --- a/1ch/02/46.md +++ b/1ch/02/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ephah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/47.md b/1ch/02/47.md index 393e941e47..5200acaf99 100644 --- a/1ch/02/47.md +++ b/1ch/02/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jahdai ... Regem, Jotham, Geshan, Pelet, Ephah, and Shaaph These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/48.md b/1ch/02/48.md index 4909b0a10e..56f58d4c54 100644 --- a/1ch/02/48.md +++ b/1ch/02/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Maakah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/49.md b/1ch/02/49.md index c7b7adba8e..06a2762e64 100644 --- a/1ch/02/49.md +++ b/1ch/02/49.md @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ # She also bore + "She also gave birth to" # Shaaph ... Madmannah ... Sheva ... Makbenah ... Gibea ... Caleb + These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Aksah -This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/02/50.md b/1ch/02/50.md index 361063f993..966eeba290 100644 --- a/1ch/02/50.md +++ b/1ch/02/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # father of Kiriath Jearim Kiriath Jearim is the name of a town. The name of the town is a metonym for the people who live in the town. Alternate translation: "founder of Kiriath Jearim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/51.md b/1ch/02/51.md index 2373bd9e4a..1c2ce944b8 100644 --- a/1ch/02/51.md +++ b/1ch/02/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # father of Bethlehem ... father of Beth Gader Bethlehem and Beth Gader are the names of towns. The names of the towns are metonyms for the people who live in the towns. Alternate translation: "founder of Bethlehem ... founder of Beth Gader" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/52.md b/1ch/02/52.md index 58a70ea91a..5073ec4a0b 100644 --- a/1ch/02/52.md +++ b/1ch/02/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Shobal is the name of a man, and Kiriath Jearim is the name of a town. See how y # Manahathites This is the name of a clan. - diff --git a/1ch/02/53.md b/1ch/02/53.md index 474a8e03f3..f71ace37dc 100644 --- a/1ch/02/53.md +++ b/1ch/02/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ithrites, Puthites, Shumathites ... Mishraites ... Zorathites ... Eshtaolites These are the names of clans. - diff --git a/1ch/02/54.md b/1ch/02/54.md index c4ef27e54a..0a1d335202 100644 --- a/1ch/02/54.md +++ b/1ch/02/54.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a town where Salma's descendants settled and represents the # Netophathites ... Atroth Beth Joab ... Manahathites ... Zorites These are names of clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/55.md b/1ch/02/55.md index b5271e5e4c..7f657e17ab 100644 --- a/1ch/02/55.md +++ b/1ch/02/55.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hammath ... Rekab These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/02/intro.md b/1ch/02/intro.md index 4c60ddf697..4768c25161 100644 --- a/1ch/02/intro.md +++ b/1ch/02/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ # 1 Chronicles 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter records the descendants of Judah, son of Jacob. +This chapter records the descendants of Judah, son of Jacob. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/03/01.md b/1ch/03/01.md index 078af7c4ad..4855af302d 100644 --- a/1ch/03/01.md +++ b/1ch/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of women who were David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # Daniel This man has the same name as an Israelite prophet but is a different person. - diff --git a/1ch/03/02.md b/1ch/03/02.md index 2ef0a3b904..3d97328358 100644 --- a/1ch/03/02.md +++ b/1ch/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of women who were David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # Talmai This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/03.md b/1ch/03/03.md index 63cd8f2cb4..728672a9fa 100644 --- a/1ch/03/03.md +++ b/1ch/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of women who were David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # Shephatiah ... Ithream These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/04.md b/1ch/03/04.md index 973b78d426..42a51045ec 100644 --- a/1ch/03/04.md +++ b/1ch/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can also be translated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "Davi # thirty-three years "33 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/05.md b/1ch/03/05.md index f9e1ec6357..9aba745e6b 100644 --- a/1ch/03/05.md +++ b/1ch/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ammiel ... Shammua ... Shobab ... Nathan These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/06.md b/1ch/03/06.md index ec0e59989d..62f0fb1e3f 100644 --- a/1ch/03/06.md +++ b/1ch/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ibhar, Elishua, Eliphelet These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/07.md b/1ch/03/07.md index cecff88d58..20dc042e18 100644 --- a/1ch/03/07.md +++ b/1ch/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/08.md b/1ch/03/08.md index 08fff06a90..1516f90173 100644 --- a/1ch/03/08.md +++ b/1ch/03/08.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Elishama ... Eliada ... Eliphelet -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/03/09.md b/1ch/03/09.md index a084e46706..dd6687471f 100644 --- a/1ch/03/09.md +++ b/1ch/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tamar This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/10.md b/1ch/03/10.md index 308c97a1cc..1ae34f3d11 100644 --- a/1ch/03/10.md +++ b/1ch/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the beginning of the list of David's descendants who became king. All of # Solomon's son was Rehoboam. Rehoboam's son was Abijah Solomon had more than one son. The same is true of other men in the list. Alternate translation: "Solomon was the father of Rehoboam. Rehoboam was the father of Abijah" - diff --git a/1ch/03/11.md b/1ch/03/11.md index ec72192be4..e99daee004 100644 --- a/1ch/03/11.md +++ b/1ch/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names in this list are the names of men. Form these sentences as you did starting in [1 Chronicles 3:10](../03/10.md). - diff --git a/1ch/03/12.md b/1ch/03/12.md index 4d0fc75883..90f42d75f4 100644 --- a/1ch/03/12.md +++ b/1ch/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names # Azariah This was another name for Uzziah, the better-known name for this king. Translators may decide to use "Uzziah" everywhere for this king. - diff --git a/1ch/03/13.md b/1ch/03/13.md index ec72192be4..e99daee004 100644 --- a/1ch/03/13.md +++ b/1ch/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names in this list are the names of men. Form these sentences as you did starting in [1 Chronicles 3:10](../03/10.md). - diff --git a/1ch/03/14.md b/1ch/03/14.md index ec72192be4..e99daee004 100644 --- a/1ch/03/14.md +++ b/1ch/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names in this list are the names of men. Form these sentences as you did starting in [1 Chronicles 3:10](../03/10.md). - diff --git a/1ch/03/15.md b/1ch/03/15.md index ec72192be4..e99daee004 100644 --- a/1ch/03/15.md +++ b/1ch/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names in this list are the names of men. Form these sentences as you did starting in [1 Chronicles 3:10](../03/10.md). - diff --git a/1ch/03/16.md b/1ch/03/16.md index ec72192be4..e99daee004 100644 --- a/1ch/03/16.md +++ b/1ch/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names in this list are the names of men. Form these sentences as you did starting in [1 Chronicles 3:10](../03/10.md). - diff --git a/1ch/03/17.md b/1ch/03/17.md index c7ae9ecec5..64c0ea3fae 100644 --- a/1ch/03/17.md +++ b/1ch/03/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some versions have "Jeconiah," which is a variation of "Jehoiachin." # the captive This may be a title that was given to Jehoiachin because he was taken into captivity. However, some versions regard the word as "Assir," the name of one of his sons. - diff --git a/1ch/03/18.md b/1ch/03/18.md index 770a0e152b..cf087726c9 100644 --- a/1ch/03/18.md +++ b/1ch/03/18.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # General Information: -These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/03/19.md b/1ch/03/19.md index dde561c02d..458bf50666 100644 --- a/1ch/03/19.md +++ b/1ch/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names in this list except Shelomith are the names of men. Shelomith is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/20.md b/1ch/03/20.md index 16b9210b26..cf087726c9 100644 --- a/1ch/03/20.md +++ b/1ch/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/21.md b/1ch/03/21.md index ed2f8dbc59..b20d533cc0 100644 --- a/1ch/03/21.md +++ b/1ch/03/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This man has the same name as the prophet Obadiah but is a different person. (Se # further descendants were Arnan, Obadiah, and Shekaniah Different versions put these people into different relationships with each other because the Hebrew is not very clear about them. - diff --git a/1ch/03/22.md b/1ch/03/22.md index 4131da0e0d..6a4d63a89f 100644 --- a/1ch/03/22.md +++ b/1ch/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names in this list are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/23.md b/1ch/03/23.md index 16b9210b26..cf087726c9 100644 --- a/1ch/03/23.md +++ b/1ch/03/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/24.md b/1ch/03/24.md index 16b9210b26..cf087726c9 100644 --- a/1ch/03/24.md +++ b/1ch/03/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/03/intro.md b/1ch/03/intro.md index 57313ed21c..b75cf7c1bc 100644 --- a/1ch/03/intro.md +++ b/1ch/03/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ # 1 Chronicles 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter records the descendants of King David. +This chapter records the descendants of King David. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/04/01.md b/1ch/04/01.md index 4131da0e0d..6a4d63a89f 100644 --- a/1ch/04/01.md +++ b/1ch/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names in this list are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/02.md b/1ch/04/02.md index 085d9bc88c..3a14f053af 100644 --- a/1ch/04/02.md +++ b/1ch/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names in this list except the Zorathites are the names of men. Zorathites is the name of a people group who took their name from the town of Zorah where they lived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/03.md b/1ch/04/03.md index 68719f7b8e..a6d8a6b32e 100644 --- a/1ch/04/03.md +++ b/1ch/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hazzelelponi This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/04.md b/1ch/04/04.md index d1669204c1..9170b6b7ca 100644 --- a/1ch/04/04.md +++ b/1ch/04/04.md @@ -17,6 +17,3 @@ Hur was Ephrathah's first son. # Ephrathah, the father of Bethlehem Bethlehem is the name of a city. The word "father" is a metaphor meaning someone who starts a city. Alternate translation: "Ephrathah, who started the city of Bethlehem." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - - - diff --git a/1ch/04/05.md b/1ch/04/05.md index 191ec120b4..4facdf08dd 100644 --- a/1ch/04/05.md +++ b/1ch/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [1 Chronicles 2:24](../02/24.md). # Helah ... Naarah These are the names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/06.md b/1ch/04/06.md index d9703ef17e..58fa873a00 100644 --- a/1ch/04/06.md +++ b/1ch/04/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Temeni ... Haahashtari These are understood here as the names of men. However, some versions understand them as the names of clans that were begun by the sons of Ashhur. - diff --git a/1ch/04/07.md b/1ch/04/07.md index 9af60b0d23..2886a50cb6 100644 --- a/1ch/04/07.md +++ b/1ch/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zereth ... Zohar ... Ethnan These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/08.md b/1ch/04/08.md index a17ebaf693..d15b2ebf5e 100644 --- a/1ch/04/08.md +++ b/1ch/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # and of the clans descended from Aharhel son of Harum A new sentence can start here. "Koz also became the ancestor of Harum and the clans that descended from Harum's son Aharhel" - diff --git a/1ch/04/09.md b/1ch/04/09.md index caaf3d5a74..ac1db33e51 100644 --- a/1ch/04/09.md +++ b/1ch/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jabez This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/10.md b/1ch/04/10.md index c620b938b3..987efcec7b 100644 --- a/1ch/04/10.md +++ b/1ch/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are that God's hand is 1) a metonym for his guidance, his powe # granted him his prayer The words "his prayer" are a metonym for what Jabez asked in the prayer. Alternate translation: "did what Jabez had asked him to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/11.md b/1ch/04/11.md index b39ae6d29f..f16f6e5fa3 100644 --- a/1ch/04/11.md +++ b/1ch/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kelub ... Shuhah ... Mehir ... Eshton These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/12.md b/1ch/04/12.md index 07871ce8b4..724179e5e7 100644 --- a/1ch/04/12.md +++ b/1ch/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It apprears that Ir Nahash may have been a city. Alternate translation: "Tehinna # Nahash ... Rekah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/13.md b/1ch/04/13.md index 8e25f925d2..1df8ab0dd7 100644 --- a/1ch/04/13.md +++ b/1ch/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to create a verse bridge and to put verse 15 together with ver # Kenaz ... Othniel ... Seraiah ... Hathath ... Meonothai These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/14.md b/1ch/04/14.md index eee5bf6b7b..05a6e9e1ec 100644 --- a/1ch/04/14.md +++ b/1ch/04/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ge Harashim means "Valley of Craftsmen." This can be made explicit with an expla # craftsmen people skilled at making or building things - diff --git a/1ch/04/15.md b/1ch/04/15.md index 89b7f10296..ce23e7706d 100644 --- a/1ch/04/15.md +++ b/1ch/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jephunneh ... Iru ... Elah ... Naam ... Kenaz These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/16.md b/1ch/04/16.md index aeece12cfd..0fa1e1ebb8 100644 --- a/1ch/04/16.md +++ b/1ch/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jehallelel ... Ziph ... Ziphah ... Tiria ... Asarel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/17.md b/1ch/04/17.md index 69ae46395b..51ae7d5e57 100644 --- a/1ch/04/17.md +++ b/1ch/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ezrah ... Jether ... Mered ... Epher ... Jalon ... Miriam ... Shammai ... Ishbah ... Eshtemoa These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/18.md b/1ch/04/18.md index 4510f10a41..f29835f269 100644 --- a/1ch/04/18.md +++ b/1ch/04/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Hebrew text says, "His Judahite wife," but most versions understand "his" to # Jered ... Gedor ... Heber ... Soko ... Jekuthiel ... Zanoah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/19.md b/1ch/04/19.md index fe06c2836b..a6f77f394a 100644 --- a/1ch/04/19.md +++ b/1ch/04/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is someone from the Gar people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate- # Maakathite This is someone from the region of Maakah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/20.md b/1ch/04/20.md index 5c2920e5d9..07a475ea64 100644 --- a/1ch/04/20.md +++ b/1ch/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shimon ... Amnon ... Rinnah ... Ben-Hanan ... Tilon ... Ishi ... Zoheth ... Ben-Zoheth These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/21.md b/1ch/04/21.md index f1eaa982ca..90d7988ee4 100644 --- a/1ch/04/21.md +++ b/1ch/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # linen workers people who made clothing out of a fabric made from crushed reeds (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/22.md b/1ch/04/22.md index 98e5546f6b..15a3036021 100644 --- a/1ch/04/22.md +++ b/1ch/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kozeba ... Jashubi Lehem These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/23.md b/1ch/04/23.md index cfa26ba031..4fc2814b5e 100644 --- a/1ch/04/23.md +++ b/1ch/04/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the people who make containers out of clay # Netaim ... Gederah These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/24.md b/1ch/04/24.md index c6b10d08b9..652de2cf7f 100644 --- a/1ch/04/24.md +++ b/1ch/04/24.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Nemuel ... Jamin ... Jarib ... Zerah ... Shaul -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/04/25.md b/1ch/04/25.md index a808759f07..1ab237d2b0 100644 --- a/1ch/04/25.md +++ b/1ch/04/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shallum ... Mibsam ... Mishma These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/26.md b/1ch/04/26.md index 85db082f96..2c39a5d2ca 100644 --- a/1ch/04/26.md +++ b/1ch/04/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the son of Mishma's son # great-grandson the son of Mishma's grandson - diff --git a/1ch/04/27.md b/1ch/04/27.md index a557305381..25072bd3ca 100644 --- a/1ch/04/27.md +++ b/1ch/04/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sixteen sons and six daughters "16 sons and 6 daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/28.md b/1ch/04/28.md index 5edea956cb..5d009e6b85 100644 --- a/1ch/04/28.md +++ b/1ch/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Moladah ... Hazar Shual These are the names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/29.md b/1ch/04/29.md index 46ec81266b..755b76c2ff 100644 --- a/1ch/04/29.md +++ b/1ch/04/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The list of the cities where Simeon's descendants lived continues. # Bilhah ... Ezem ... Tolad These are the names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/30.md b/1ch/04/30.md index 56c5c1f2f7..653516bbf9 100644 --- a/1ch/04/30.md +++ b/1ch/04/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bethuel ... Hormah ... Ziklag These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/31.md b/1ch/04/31.md index 4aa04498a8..4f62de15e9 100644 --- a/1ch/04/31.md +++ b/1ch/04/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Markaboth ... Hazar Susim ... Beth Biri ... Shaaraim These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/32.md b/1ch/04/32.md index 1a27b11fa4..fa4a635edd 100644 --- a/1ch/04/32.md +++ b/1ch/04/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The list of places where Simeon's descendants lived continues. # Etam ... Ain ... Rimmon ... Token ... Ashan These are the names of villages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/33.md b/1ch/04/33.md index da30dfda4e..63b9116ba9 100644 --- a/1ch/04/33.md +++ b/1ch/04/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the villages that were near but outside the main town # Baalath This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/34.md b/1ch/04/34.md index d375f8d934..e303fad7b7 100644 --- a/1ch/04/34.md +++ b/1ch/04/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Meshobab ... Jamlech ... Joshah ... Amaziah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/35.md b/1ch/04/35.md index 4fd6365526..3b2cd5ad0d 100644 --- a/1ch/04/35.md +++ b/1ch/04/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joel ... Jehu ... Joshibiah ... Seraiah ... Asiel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/36.md b/1ch/04/36.md index 9267bf5eda..258d663fbc 100644 --- a/1ch/04/36.md +++ b/1ch/04/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elioenai ... Jaakobah ... Jeshohaiah ... Asaiah ... Adiel ... Jesimiel ... Benaiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/37.md b/1ch/04/37.md index 278c0f9de3..daeff01b5a 100644 --- a/1ch/04/37.md +++ b/1ch/04/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ziza ... Shiphi ... Allon ... Jedaiah ... Shimri ... Shemaiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/38.md b/1ch/04/38.md index d1634e40bb..785e5eef15 100644 --- a/1ch/04/38.md +++ b/1ch/04/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # their fathers' houses increased greatly The house is a metonym for the people in the house. Alternate translation: "the number of people in their families increased greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/39.md b/1ch/04/39.md index 2d1a1573b2..e73f2673c1 100644 --- a/1ch/04/39.md +++ b/1ch/04/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # pasture for their flocks an area of land where their flocks could feed on the grass - diff --git a/1ch/04/40.md b/1ch/04/40.md index cc0001b93e..d66ec22c8e 100644 --- a/1ch/04/40.md +++ b/1ch/04/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Hamites a people group, descendants of Ham - diff --git a/1ch/04/41.md b/1ch/04/41.md index 80f1f929ec..11d328b648 100644 --- a/1ch/04/41.md +++ b/1ch/04/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Or "homes of the Hamites" or "places where the Hamites lived." The Hamites proba # Meunites a people. Alternate translation: "descendants of Meun" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/42.md b/1ch/04/42.md index d7479a4216..c45ee92056 100644 --- a/1ch/04/42.md +++ b/1ch/04/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Pelatiah ... Neariah ... Rephaiah ... Uzziel ... Ishi These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/04/43.md b/1ch/04/43.md index 787d12b0e1..4cdc57bc68 100644 --- a/1ch/04/43.md +++ b/1ch/04/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to this day "from then until now." This refers to the day when the author was writing this account. - diff --git a/1ch/04/intro.md b/1ch/04/intro.md index 3ceedb604a..199f540189 100644 --- a/1ch/04/intro.md +++ b/1ch/04/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ # 1 Chronicles 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter records the other descendants of Judah. +This chapter records the other descendants of Judah. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/05/01.md b/1ch/05/01.md index 9b356fa52d..9bdf03370f 100644 --- a/1ch/05/01.md +++ b/1ch/05/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a polite way to speak about Reuben sleeping with his father's secondary # he is not recorded in the genealogy as having the birthright This can be stated in active form. The word "recorded" carries the idea of a written record, so if your language has such a word, you may want to use it here. Alternate translation: "the family history does not list Reuben as the oldest son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/02.md b/1ch/05/02.md index af66876bee..98f167855b 100644 --- a/1ch/05/02.md +++ b/1ch/05/02.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # General Information: -This verse finishes the background information about Reuben. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) +This verse finishes the background information about Reuben. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) diff --git a/1ch/05/03.md b/1ch/05/03.md index 47ef57b3ea..74973503cc 100644 --- a/1ch/05/03.md +++ b/1ch/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hanok ... Pallu ... Hezron ... Karmi These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/04.md b/1ch/05/04.md index d80a679ed1..6ce9dd5ca1 100644 --- a/1ch/05/04.md +++ b/1ch/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joel ... Shemaiah ... Gog ... Shimei These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/05.md b/1ch/05/05.md index f39c31ac6c..a83f714671 100644 --- a/1ch/05/05.md +++ b/1ch/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shimei ... Micah ... Reaiah ... Baal These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/06.md b/1ch/05/06.md index a1f0d1eb49..22dc76d5c4 100644 --- a/1ch/05/06.md +++ b/1ch/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Baal ... Beerah ... Tiglath-Pileser These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/07.md b/1ch/05/07.md index 88137816f1..a97fe4d664 100644 --- a/1ch/05/07.md +++ b/1ch/05/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a record that shows how people in a family are related to each other # Jeiel ... Zechariah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/08.md b/1ch/05/08.md index 0eec2a67be..70e27f8c3b 100644 --- a/1ch/05/08.md +++ b/1ch/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Aroer ... Nebo ... Baal Meon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/09.md b/1ch/05/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/05/09.md +++ b/1ch/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/05/10.md b/1ch/05/10.md index 6bfbd67ddd..a579314544 100644 --- a/1ch/05/10.md +++ b/1ch/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # lived in the Hagrites' tents The tents are a synecdoche for the land and the buildings on the land. Alternate translation: "took over all the Hagrites' land and buildings" or "lived in all the Hagrite territory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/11.md b/1ch/05/11.md index ad230d1aac..16badeecbd 100644 --- a/1ch/05/11.md +++ b/1ch/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Salekah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/12.md b/1ch/05/12.md index d57f2c12ce..9652c3816e 100644 --- a/1ch/05/12.md +++ b/1ch/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joel ... Shapham ... Janai ... Shaphat These are names of men. - diff --git a/1ch/05/13.md b/1ch/05/13.md index 0fd5611ad3..099e280078 100644 --- a/1ch/05/13.md +++ b/1ch/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Michael ... Meshullam ... Sheba ... Jorai ... Jakan ... Zia ... Eber These are names of men. - diff --git a/1ch/05/14.md b/1ch/05/14.md index 3b2ebd5467..4e37c47853 100644 --- a/1ch/05/14.md +++ b/1ch/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abihail ... Huri ... Jaroah ... Gilead ... Michael ... Jeshishai ... Jahdo ... Buz These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/15.md b/1ch/05/15.md index 0e56eba628..3013fd3a12 100644 --- a/1ch/05/15.md +++ b/1ch/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahi ... Abdiel ... Guni These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/16.md b/1ch/05/16.md index f23421a48c..cd538d85b5 100644 --- a/1ch/05/16.md +++ b/1ch/05/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the pasturelands the areas of land where animals feed on grass - diff --git a/1ch/05/17.md b/1ch/05/17.md index 7e8e9a4b61..7b56218625 100644 --- a/1ch/05/17.md +++ b/1ch/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Genealogical reco # All these It is not clear how many of the preceding people this refers to. - diff --git a/1ch/05/18.md b/1ch/05/18.md index 81438cdf6b..751ae49668 100644 --- a/1ch/05/18.md +++ b/1ch/05/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the people from the tribe of Gad. # who carried shield and sword and who drew the bow The soldiers are described as skilled in warfare by the weapons they carried. Alternate translation: "who were all trained to fight well in battles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/19.md b/1ch/05/19.md index e617e7b38d..2e1c57308c 100644 --- a/1ch/05/19.md +++ b/1ch/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hagrites ... Jetur ... Naphish ... Nodab These are the names of people groups. - diff --git a/1ch/05/20.md b/1ch/05/20.md index c858e21bae..3222dedbad 100644 --- a/1ch/05/20.md +++ b/1ch/05/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Israelites cried out to God "the Israelites cried to God for help" - diff --git a/1ch/05/21.md b/1ch/05/21.md index 1700ca175b..b1842c05a9 100644 --- a/1ch/05/21.md +++ b/1ch/05/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # 100,000 men "one hundred thousand men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/22.md b/1ch/05/22.md index 90f366f18f..d5cf1cea46 100644 --- a/1ch/05/22.md +++ b/1ch/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the battle was from God God's help in battle is described as if he were the one who caused the battle. Alternate translation: "God helped them" - diff --git a/1ch/05/23.md b/1ch/05/23.md index 35fd4fbeed..35b42057fc 100644 --- a/1ch/05/23.md +++ b/1ch/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Baal Hermon ... Senir These are the names of mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/05/24.md b/1ch/05/24.md index 9145ecd154..7b484d4886 100644 --- a/1ch/05/24.md +++ b/1ch/05/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # fathers' houses extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans" - diff --git a/1ch/05/25.md b/1ch/05/25.md index e0f2e245e7..feac1b61fd 100644 --- a/1ch/05/25.md +++ b/1ch/05/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They acted like prostitutes with the gods When Yahweh's people worship other gods, they are spoken of as spiritual prostitutes. Alternate translation: "they acted like prostitutes by worshiping the gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] - diff --git a/1ch/05/26.md b/1ch/05/26.md index 556b59f663..fc5e7a3e4b 100644 --- a/1ch/05/26.md +++ b/1ch/05/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # to this day See how you translated this phrase in [1 Chronicles 4:43](../04/43.md) - diff --git a/1ch/05/intro.md b/1ch/05/intro.md index 6ae6e5fae6..18a3b75a17 100644 --- a/1ch/05/intro.md +++ b/1ch/05/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 1 Chronicles 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter records the descendants of Jacob's sons who lived east of the Jordan River: Reuben, Gad and Manasseh. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter records the descendants of Jacob's sons who lived east of the Jorda * __[1 Chronicles 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/06/01.md b/1ch/06/01.md index d91852adf7..f124c9d6da 100644 --- a/1ch/06/01.md +++ b/1ch/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gershon ... Kohath ... Merari These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/02.md b/1ch/06/02.md index 59d18e2a16..1f19a0ae65 100644 --- a/1ch/06/02.md +++ b/1ch/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kohath ... Amram ... Izhar ... Hebron ... Uzziel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/03.md b/1ch/06/03.md index b51a76c83a..44741584cd 100644 --- a/1ch/06/03.md +++ b/1ch/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amram ... Nadab ... Abihu ... Eleazar ... Ithamar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/04.md b/1ch/06/04.md index 3b0b511fdf..86d2e931a2 100644 --- a/1ch/06/04.md +++ b/1ch/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eleazar ... Abishua These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/05.md b/1ch/06/05.md index 6494fa6c0c..950a7faa6f 100644 --- a/1ch/06/05.md +++ b/1ch/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abishua ... Bukki ... Uzzi These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/06.md b/1ch/06/06.md index cadc031ea2..0ba14879b7 100644 --- a/1ch/06/06.md +++ b/1ch/06/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Uzzi ... Zerahiah ... Meraioth These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/07.md b/1ch/06/07.md index aa3391fae7..69aea8aa23 100644 --- a/1ch/06/07.md +++ b/1ch/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Meraioth ... Amariah ... Ahitub These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/08.md b/1ch/06/08.md index 50a983f844..ee7dcc9608 100644 --- a/1ch/06/08.md +++ b/1ch/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahitub ... Zadok ... Ahimaaz These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/09.md b/1ch/06/09.md index 434a055674..c5140702e8 100644 --- a/1ch/06/09.md +++ b/1ch/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahimaaz ... Johanan These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/10.md b/1ch/06/10.md index 0b320754b5..af9265a342 100644 --- a/1ch/06/10.md +++ b/1ch/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Solomon built The reader should understand that Solomon probably hired workers to do the work. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/11.md b/1ch/06/11.md index 9ac496ff4d..fae3963a18 100644 --- a/1ch/06/11.md +++ b/1ch/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amariah ... Ahitub These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/12.md b/1ch/06/12.md index c45def9d91..57cfab366a 100644 --- a/1ch/06/12.md +++ b/1ch/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahitub ... Zadok ... Shallum These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/13.md b/1ch/06/13.md index ff32952cc6..dc27ce83e3 100644 --- a/1ch/06/13.md +++ b/1ch/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hilkiah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/14.md b/1ch/06/14.md index 6c436b4e07..1f7849d9e1 100644 --- a/1ch/06/14.md +++ b/1ch/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Seraiah ... Jozadak These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/15.md b/1ch/06/15.md index 13d12fe044..c6dc1bc9b4 100644 --- a/1ch/06/15.md +++ b/1ch/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # exiled Judah and Jerusalem by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar The power Nebuchadnezzar has through his army is described as the part of his body ("hand") he uses to direct his army. Alternate translation: "allowed Nebuchadnezzar's army to defeat the armies of Judah and Jerusalem and take the people into captivity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/16.md b/1ch/06/16.md index 7e1c37221a..025bf67cf9 100644 --- a/1ch/06/16.md +++ b/1ch/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gershon ... Kohath ... Merari Translate the names of these men as in [1 Chronicles 6:1](../06/01.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/17.md b/1ch/06/17.md index 5f3da56bf7..bb8801a3ac 100644 --- a/1ch/06/17.md +++ b/1ch/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Libni ... Shimei These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/18.md b/1ch/06/18.md index 20ad33d3e4..154a958173 100644 --- a/1ch/06/18.md +++ b/1ch/06/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amram ... Izhar ... Hebron ... Uzziel Translate the names of these men as in [1 Chronicles 6:2](../06/02.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/19.md b/1ch/06/19.md index a68f14d970..9a1e7751ba 100644 --- a/1ch/06/19.md +++ b/1ch/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Merari ... Mahli ... Mushi These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/20.md b/1ch/06/20.md index 521079d32c..bf5b9c73a3 100644 --- a/1ch/06/20.md +++ b/1ch/06/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Libni ... Jahath ... Zimmah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/21.md b/1ch/06/21.md index 018029cfb9..67e4044e69 100644 --- a/1ch/06/21.md +++ b/1ch/06/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joah ... Iddo ... Zerah ... Jeatherai These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/22.md b/1ch/06/22.md index 5c03125199..95b982bfba 100644 --- a/1ch/06/22.md +++ b/1ch/06/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amminadab ... Korah ... Assir These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/23.md b/1ch/06/23.md index f574ef3bb7..2d7a56e3c8 100644 --- a/1ch/06/23.md +++ b/1ch/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elkanah ... Ebiasaph ... Assir These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/24.md b/1ch/06/24.md index e4d0840b40..217d44e73e 100644 --- a/1ch/06/24.md +++ b/1ch/06/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tahath ... Uriel ... Uzziah ... Shaul These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/25.md b/1ch/06/25.md index fa040ffc95..1bc350ad90 100644 --- a/1ch/06/25.md +++ b/1ch/06/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elkanah ... Amasai ... Ahimoth These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/26.md b/1ch/06/26.md index 3c660e5348..c795ab62db 100644 --- a/1ch/06/26.md +++ b/1ch/06/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elkanah ... Zophai ... Nahath These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/27.md b/1ch/06/27.md index aad1aa3612..91937ea056 100644 --- a/1ch/06/27.md +++ b/1ch/06/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliab ... Jeroham ... Elkanah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/28.md b/1ch/06/28.md index 141082f741..65b02a6913 100644 --- a/1ch/06/28.md +++ b/1ch/06/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # second-born the second son - diff --git a/1ch/06/29.md b/1ch/06/29.md index e3f337652c..c33be8cc6e 100644 --- a/1ch/06/29.md +++ b/1ch/06/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Merari ... Mahli ... Libni ... Shimei ... Uzzah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/30.md b/1ch/06/30.md index 29f22cdec2..e8b725099f 100644 --- a/1ch/06/30.md +++ b/1ch/06/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shimea ... Haggiah ... Asaiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/31.md b/1ch/06/31.md index 833fe8230d..b7c94fe307 100644 --- a/1ch/06/31.md +++ b/1ch/06/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the ark came to rest there "the people of Israel placed the ark there" - diff --git a/1ch/06/32.md b/1ch/06/32.md index 7db6a4ce10..5b362ccc20 100644 --- a/1ch/06/32.md +++ b/1ch/06/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that "the tent of meeting" and "the tabernacle" are two # according to the instructions given to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "according to the instructions that David gave them" or "according to the instructions they received" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/33.md b/1ch/06/33.md index daeb9e2aae..b3dd77616f 100644 --- a/1ch/06/33.md +++ b/1ch/06/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means the list is going in order from the most recent to the oldest. # Heman This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/34.md b/1ch/06/34.md index 8e937b0fd6..1b3efcc5f7 100644 --- a/1ch/06/34.md +++ b/1ch/06/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Elkanah See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 6:25](../06/25.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/35.md b/1ch/06/35.md index 30978e3816..89c33e64f2 100644 --- a/1ch/06/35.md +++ b/1ch/06/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Elkanah ... Amasai See how you translated these men's names in [1 Chronicles 6:25](../06/25.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/36.md b/1ch/06/36.md index 85cd85495f..d32bd7534b 100644 --- a/1ch/06/36.md +++ b/1ch/06/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [1 Chronicles 6:25](../06/25.md). # Joel This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/37.md b/1ch/06/37.md index 267bdf75e5..1c1df276e6 100644 --- a/1ch/06/37.md +++ b/1ch/06/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tahath ... Assir ... Ebiasaph These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/38.md b/1ch/06/38.md index 001bf0a091..b1abd72326 100644 --- a/1ch/06/38.md +++ b/1ch/06/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Izhar ... Kohath These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/39.md b/1ch/06/39.md index 642c2897e4..ea80d23e3e 100644 --- a/1ch/06/39.md +++ b/1ch/06/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The authority of a person is described by where they stand. The right side of a # Berekiah ... Shimea These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/40.md b/1ch/06/40.md index 5a92773c7b..48f1a8eeeb 100644 --- a/1ch/06/40.md +++ b/1ch/06/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shimea ... Michael ... Baaseiah ... Malkijah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/41.md b/1ch/06/41.md index b97b0e08f6..bba05449a7 100644 --- a/1ch/06/41.md +++ b/1ch/06/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Malkijah ... Ethni ... Zerah ... Adaiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/42.md b/1ch/06/42.md index 0297ae8194..618ba83c42 100644 --- a/1ch/06/42.md +++ b/1ch/06/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Adaiah ... Ethan ... Zimmah ... Shimei These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/43.md b/1ch/06/43.md index 7815a6733c..8dd67f1f1d 100644 --- a/1ch/06/43.md +++ b/1ch/06/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shimei ... Jahath ... Gershon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/44.md b/1ch/06/44.md index 412a597897..a14f12d3b1 100644 --- a/1ch/06/44.md +++ b/1ch/06/44.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 6:1](../06/01.md). # Kishi ... Abdi ... Malluk These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/45.md b/1ch/06/45.md index 3076b8a7ab..1d35c5a152 100644 --- a/1ch/06/45.md +++ b/1ch/06/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Malluk ... Hashabiah ... Amaziah ... Hilkiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/46.md b/1ch/06/46.md index febd6ca058..3498f5f098 100644 --- a/1ch/06/46.md +++ b/1ch/06/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hilkiah ... Amzi ... Bani ... Shemer These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/47.md b/1ch/06/47.md index e1a7669f13..8eab6781d5 100644 --- a/1ch/06/47.md +++ b/1ch/06/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mahli ... Mushi See how you translated these men's names in [1 Chronicles 6:19](../06/19.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/48.md b/1ch/06/48.md index ba1c8a4afd..ef20ba5cbb 100644 --- a/1ch/06/48.md +++ b/1ch/06/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their associates, the Levites, were assigned to do This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God had assigned their associates, the Levites, to do" or "It was the duty of their fellow workers, the Levites, to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/49.md b/1ch/06/49.md index ecce8ae7c5..06d53e7fa2 100644 --- a/1ch/06/49.md +++ b/1ch/06/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These offerings made atonement for Israel "They offered these things to make atonement for the sins of the people of Israel" - diff --git a/1ch/06/50.md b/1ch/06/50.md index 4265a1860d..d5b696665b 100644 --- a/1ch/06/50.md +++ b/1ch/06/50.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ "These were the descendants of Aaron" # Eleazar ... Abishua -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/06/51.md b/1ch/06/51.md index b5cee5ddc8..c0761535da 100644 --- a/1ch/06/51.md +++ b/1ch/06/51.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Bukki ... Uzzi ... Zerahiah -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/06/52.md b/1ch/06/52.md index 9067ebcb46..69aea8aa23 100644 --- a/1ch/06/52.md +++ b/1ch/06/52.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Meraioth ... Amariah ... Ahitub -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/06/53.md b/1ch/06/53.md index 3da4471bcc..19ce5290e9 100644 --- a/1ch/06/53.md +++ b/1ch/06/53.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Ahimaaz -This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/06/54.md b/1ch/06/54.md index d8e66f9f97..5488efb6b1 100644 --- a/1ch/06/54.md +++ b/1ch/06/54.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Israelites drew lots to decide where people would live. Alternate translatio # Kohathites This is the name of a people group, the descendants of Kohath ([1 Chronicles 6:1](../06/01.md)). See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 6:33](./33.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/55.md b/1ch/06/55.md index 5372843fed..19d326f2c0 100644 --- a/1ch/06/55.md +++ b/1ch/06/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # its pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/56.md b/1ch/06/56.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/06/56.md +++ b/1ch/06/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/06/57.md b/1ch/06/57.md index 96f05c0491..e51a3caf4c 100644 --- a/1ch/06/57.md +++ b/1ch/06/57.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/58.md b/1ch/06/58.md index e37a6a6dc8..891f15fc07 100644 --- a/1ch/06/58.md +++ b/1ch/06/58.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hilen ... Debir These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/59.md b/1ch/06/59.md index 56d441e746..24aa9368cc 100644 --- a/1ch/06/59.md +++ b/1ch/06/59.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/60.md b/1ch/06/60.md index 6f179ff959..2ef76338ff 100644 --- a/1ch/06/60.md +++ b/1ch/06/60.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Geba ... Alemeth ... Anathoth These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/61.md b/1ch/06/61.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/06/61.md +++ b/1ch/06/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/06/62.md b/1ch/06/62.md index 5f6997a1e7..beb99c0e27 100644 --- a/1ch/06/62.md +++ b/1ch/06/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # To Gershon's descendants in their various clans were given thirteen cities "The clans of Gershon's descendants gained 13 cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/63.md b/1ch/06/63.md index ce64e9965f..16b61a3403 100644 --- a/1ch/06/63.md +++ b/1ch/06/63.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Merari See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 6:1](../06/01.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/64.md b/1ch/06/64.md index 2e49631bf0..6ea9f3df4f 100644 --- a/1ch/06/64.md +++ b/1ch/06/64.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/65.md b/1ch/06/65.md index 7d2ffd4ad5..848dacd70f 100644 --- a/1ch/06/65.md +++ b/1ch/06/65.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these towns mentioned by name The towns mentioned in [1 Chronicles 6:55](../06/55.md) and [1 Chronicles 6:60](./60.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/66.md b/1ch/06/66.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/06/66.md +++ b/1ch/06/66.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/06/67.md b/1ch/06/67.md index 758bb9ee6c..74ae59e7db 100644 --- a/1ch/06/67.md +++ b/1ch/06/67.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/68.md b/1ch/06/68.md index 466d39fd26..9e0f218fd1 100644 --- a/1ch/06/68.md +++ b/1ch/06/68.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jokmeam ... Beth Horon These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/69.md b/1ch/06/69.md index 744331eb44..eef5c09322 100644 --- a/1ch/06/69.md +++ b/1ch/06/69.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Aijalon ... Gath Rimmon These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/70.md b/1ch/06/70.md index 67572c15a6..dea416a53b 100644 --- a/1ch/06/70.md +++ b/1ch/06/70.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/71.md b/1ch/06/71.md index 85f8fc38d8..acb7cd0a4c 100644 --- a/1ch/06/71.md +++ b/1ch/06/71.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/72.md b/1ch/06/72.md index 3ff85b515b..7c8fbad3e0 100644 --- a/1ch/06/72.md +++ b/1ch/06/72.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kedesh ... Daberath These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/73.md b/1ch/06/73.md index 83bd333eba..d54de15c1c 100644 --- a/1ch/06/73.md +++ b/1ch/06/73.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ramoth ... Anem These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/74.md b/1ch/06/74.md index 02cd88bd1b..0bd0cba194 100644 --- a/1ch/06/74.md +++ b/1ch/06/74.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/75.md b/1ch/06/75.md index 9003c95bda..26c905b919 100644 --- a/1ch/06/75.md +++ b/1ch/06/75.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hukok ... Rehob These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/76.md b/1ch/06/76.md index 3ef16c43c1..a83a2c543f 100644 --- a/1ch/06/76.md +++ b/1ch/06/76.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The tribe of Naph # Kedesh ... Hammon ... Kiriathaim These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/77.md b/1ch/06/77.md index 8ff0ae2730..544563879b 100644 --- a/1ch/06/77.md +++ b/1ch/06/77.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/78.md b/1ch/06/78.md index b1e5b55009..ffd39de2a2 100644 --- a/1ch/06/78.md +++ b/1ch/06/78.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the tribe of Reub # Bezer ... Jahzah These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/79.md b/1ch/06/79.md index 6933219446..01a1c11a2b 100644 --- a/1ch/06/79.md +++ b/1ch/06/79.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The information in 1 Chronicles 6:78-79 can be rearranged as in the UDB so its m # Kedemoth ... Mephaath These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/80.md b/1ch/06/80.md index 4b8eb5131a..3bd7ad849c 100644 --- a/1ch/06/80.md +++ b/1ch/06/80.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its pasturelands the land with grass for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/06/81.md b/1ch/06/81.md index 212769cacb..d947434946 100644 --- a/1ch/06/81.md +++ b/1ch/06/81.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Heshbon ... Jazer These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/06/intro.md b/1ch/06/intro.md index daecf0861c..8d0ab79093 100644 --- a/1ch/06/intro.md +++ b/1ch/06/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 1 Chronicles 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter records the descendants of Levi. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter records the descendants of Levi. * __[1 Chronicles 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/07/01.md b/1ch/07/01.md index 008d51ff4d..05ec312e9f 100644 --- a/1ch/07/01.md +++ b/1ch/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Issachar ... Tola, Puah, Jashub ... Shimron These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/02.md b/1ch/07/02.md index 064050399f..9b2c51aca6 100644 --- a/1ch/07/02.md +++ b/1ch/07/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate # in the days of David "during David's life" or "while David was alive" - diff --git a/1ch/07/03.md b/1ch/07/03.md index ae541f3d42..38e6c2517e 100644 --- a/1ch/07/03.md +++ b/1ch/07/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/04.md b/1ch/07/04.md index 902c0711cd..277a8cb18b 100644 --- a/1ch/07/04.md +++ b/1ch/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Another possible meaning is "Among them ... were." # thirty-six thousand troops of the army for battle "36,000 soldiers who were ready for battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/05.md b/1ch/07/05.md index e522a5299d..5e0f38739a 100644 --- a/1ch/07/05.md +++ b/1ch/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # eighty-seven thousand mighty warriors "87,000 mighty warriors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/06.md b/1ch/07/06.md index abb2ce08fb..eaa0813161 100644 --- a/1ch/07/06.md +++ b/1ch/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bela ... Beker ... Jediael These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/07.md b/1ch/07/07.md index a791ca3c50..1cea37a694 100644 --- a/1ch/07/07.md +++ b/1ch/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate # 22,034 of them "twenty-two thousand and thirty-four of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/08.md b/1ch/07/08.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/08.md +++ b/1ch/07/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/09.md b/1ch/07/09.md index 99a4448b31..af30228ea9 100644 --- a/1ch/07/09.md +++ b/1ch/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 20,200 heads of their clans "twenty thousand two hundred clan leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/10.md b/1ch/07/10.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/10.md +++ b/1ch/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/11.md b/1ch/07/11.md index 90c119f825..52e25fbcb5 100644 --- a/1ch/07/11.md +++ b/1ch/07/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 17,200 heads of houses "seventeen thousand two hundred heads of houses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/12.md b/1ch/07/12.md index d6e1b94e10..628c0f6568 100644 --- a/1ch/07/12.md +++ b/1ch/07/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Shuppites ... Huppites ... Hushites These are names of clans of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/13.md b/1ch/07/13.md index 8eef789c09..90cea0aec4 100644 --- a/1ch/07/13.md +++ b/1ch/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Bilhah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/14.md b/1ch/07/14.md index ca71effad3..ab67ba2835 100644 --- a/1ch/07/14.md +++ b/1ch/07/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Makir ... Gilead These are names of men. See how you translated "Makir, father of Gilead" in [1 Chronicles 2:21](../02/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/15.md b/1ch/07/15.md index 4384c81a4a..78a17f38c3 100644 --- a/1ch/07/15.md +++ b/1ch/07/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated these names in [1 Chronicles 7:12](../07/12.md). # Maakah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/16.md b/1ch/07/16.md index 48dce2357d..df4cb5720a 100644 --- a/1ch/07/16.md +++ b/1ch/07/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This woman is different from Makir's sister Maakah [1 Chronicles 7:15](../07/15. # Makir ... Peresh ... Sheresh ... Ulam ... Rakem These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/17.md b/1ch/07/17.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/17.md +++ b/1ch/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/18.md b/1ch/07/18.md index a75b4cdf47..91bcb5421b 100644 --- a/1ch/07/18.md +++ b/1ch/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here except Hammoleketh are names of men. Hammoleketh is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/19.md b/1ch/07/19.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/19.md +++ b/1ch/07/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/20.md b/1ch/07/20.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/20.md +++ b/1ch/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/21.md b/1ch/07/21.md index 2a47c81061..ded82ef149 100644 --- a/1ch/07/21.md +++ b/1ch/07/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Men of Gath, the # they went to steal their livestock "the brothers went to steal the livestock from the people of Gath" - diff --git a/1ch/07/22.md b/1ch/07/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/07/22.md +++ b/1ch/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/07/23.md b/1ch/07/23.md index 9421b279f3..7078ec0890 100644 --- a/1ch/07/23.md +++ b/1ch/07/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with his wife. See h # Ephraim ... Beriah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/24.md b/1ch/07/24.md index 562f843cab..5db2df1611 100644 --- a/1ch/07/24.md +++ b/1ch/07/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Upper Beth Horon ... Uzzen Sheerah These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/25.md b/1ch/07/25.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/25.md +++ b/1ch/07/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/26.md b/1ch/07/26.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/26.md +++ b/1ch/07/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/27.md b/1ch/07/27.md index 21fa4c5e73..065dc3dbf1 100644 --- a/1ch/07/27.md +++ b/1ch/07/27.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Nun -This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/07/28.md b/1ch/07/28.md index 93b6350395..a86debcc76 100644 --- a/1ch/07/28.md +++ b/1ch/07/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of the names listed here are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tran # Their possessions and residences were Bethel ... villages The abstract nouns "possessions" and "residences" can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: "They possessed and resided in Bethel ... villages" or "They owned and lived in Bethel ... villages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/29.md b/1ch/07/29.md index 0dabfa7747..91ccc24388 100644 --- a/1ch/07/29.md +++ b/1ch/07/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # In these towns the descendants of Joseph son of Israel lived "The descendants of Joseph, son of Israel, lived in these towns" - diff --git a/1ch/07/30.md b/1ch/07/30.md index 44a08fd48f..abfce47f2c 100644 --- a/1ch/07/30.md +++ b/1ch/07/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here except Serah are names of men. Serah is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/31.md b/1ch/07/31.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/31.md +++ b/1ch/07/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/32.md b/1ch/07/32.md index c62fc7f3f6..8776c7ff12 100644 --- a/1ch/07/32.md +++ b/1ch/07/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here except Shua are names of men. Shua is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/33.md b/1ch/07/33.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/33.md +++ b/1ch/07/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/34.md b/1ch/07/34.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/34.md +++ b/1ch/07/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/35.md b/1ch/07/35.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/35.md +++ b/1ch/07/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/36.md b/1ch/07/36.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/36.md +++ b/1ch/07/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/37.md b/1ch/07/37.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/37.md +++ b/1ch/07/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/38.md b/1ch/07/38.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/38.md +++ b/1ch/07/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/39.md b/1ch/07/39.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/07/39.md +++ b/1ch/07/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/40.md b/1ch/07/40.md index 78e5e0f3d1..8386cd62c9 100644 --- a/1ch/07/40.md +++ b/1ch/07/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # There were twenty-six thousand men listed who were fit for military service recorded in their genealogy "According to the clan records, there were 26,000 men who were able to serve in the military" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/07/intro.md b/1ch/07/intro.md index 6b11840ebe..a45c0bbf9b 100644 --- a/1ch/07/intro.md +++ b/1ch/07/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 1 Chronicles 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter records the descendants of Issachar, Benjamin, Ephraim, Asher, and Manasseh living west of the Jordan River. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter records the descendants of Issachar, Benjamin, Ephraim, Asher, and * __[1 Chronicles 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/08/01.md b/1ch/08/01.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/01.md +++ b/1ch/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/02.md b/1ch/08/02.md index 890265e886..5152b5e2f9 100644 --- a/1ch/08/02.md +++ b/1ch/08/02.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Nohah ... Rapha -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/08/03.md b/1ch/08/03.md index a625d86817..0f25f3754a 100644 --- a/1ch/08/03.md +++ b/1ch/08/03.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Bela ... Addar, Gera, Abihud -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/08/04.md b/1ch/08/04.md index 75b81b955d..5dbc465298 100644 --- a/1ch/08/04.md +++ b/1ch/08/04.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Abishua, Naaman, Ahoah -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/08/05.md b/1ch/08/05.md index 15c0579686..bc186d5db1 100644 --- a/1ch/08/05.md +++ b/1ch/08/05.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Gera, Shephuphan ... Huram -These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/08/06.md b/1ch/08/06.md index 6a06fd245c..bed5eb2464 100644 --- a/1ch/08/06.md +++ b/1ch/08/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # were compelled to move "needed to move" or "had to move" - diff --git a/1ch/08/07.md b/1ch/08/07.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/07.md +++ b/1ch/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/08.md b/1ch/08/08.md index e8631c3b25..ac89f6fe01 100644 --- a/1ch/08/08.md +++ b/1ch/08/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hushim ... Baara These are names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/09.md b/1ch/08/09.md index 298ec2b91a..67fb742dbb 100644 --- a/1ch/08/09.md +++ b/1ch/08/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hodesh This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/10.md b/1ch/08/10.md index 6897adfacf..58745daee4 100644 --- a/1ch/08/10.md +++ b/1ch/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # fathers' houses extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans" - diff --git a/1ch/08/11.md b/1ch/08/11.md index 4bd96895e0..2d475e8e41 100644 --- a/1ch/08/11.md +++ b/1ch/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hushim This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/12.md b/1ch/08/12.md index 976da834c1..72ab44a7a2 100644 --- a/1ch/08/12.md +++ b/1ch/08/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ono ... Lod These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/13.md b/1ch/08/13.md index 8fa68e4985..ee0394e5df 100644 --- a/1ch/08/13.md +++ b/1ch/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different h # Aijalon ... Gath These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/14.md b/1ch/08/14.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/14.md +++ b/1ch/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/15.md b/1ch/08/15.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/15.md +++ b/1ch/08/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/16.md b/1ch/08/16.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/16.md +++ b/1ch/08/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/17.md b/1ch/08/17.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/17.md +++ b/1ch/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/18.md b/1ch/08/18.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/18.md +++ b/1ch/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/19.md b/1ch/08/19.md index d85cb49c6e..4ba5010906 100644 --- a/1ch/08/19.md +++ b/1ch/08/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/20.md b/1ch/08/20.md index d85cb49c6e..4ba5010906 100644 --- a/1ch/08/20.md +++ b/1ch/08/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/21.md b/1ch/08/21.md index d85cb49c6e..4ba5010906 100644 --- a/1ch/08/21.md +++ b/1ch/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/22.md b/1ch/08/22.md index d85cb49c6e..4ba5010906 100644 --- a/1ch/08/22.md +++ b/1ch/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/23.md b/1ch/08/23.md index d85cb49c6e..4ba5010906 100644 --- a/1ch/08/23.md +++ b/1ch/08/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/24.md b/1ch/08/24.md index d85cb49c6e..4ba5010906 100644 --- a/1ch/08/24.md +++ b/1ch/08/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/25.md b/1ch/08/25.md index d85cb49c6e..4ba5010906 100644 --- a/1ch/08/25.md +++ b/1ch/08/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/26.md b/1ch/08/26.md index d85cb49c6e..4ba5010906 100644 --- a/1ch/08/26.md +++ b/1ch/08/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/27.md b/1ch/08/27.md index d85cb49c6e..4ba5010906 100644 --- a/1ch/08/27.md +++ b/1ch/08/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/28.md b/1ch/08/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/08/28.md +++ b/1ch/08/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/08/29.md b/1ch/08/29.md index 4d152db753..6d4fca2a7f 100644 --- a/1ch/08/29.md +++ b/1ch/08/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Maakah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/30.md b/1ch/08/30.md index e04a612fea..0d06743158 100644 --- a/1ch/08/30.md +++ b/1ch/08/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abdon ... Zur ... Kish ... Baal ... Nadab These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/31.md b/1ch/08/31.md index 6279ba661b..1aef1935be 100644 --- a/1ch/08/31.md +++ b/1ch/08/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gedor ... Ahio ... Zeker These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/32.md b/1ch/08/32.md index 1ff5d588c2..78fa178b99 100644 --- a/1ch/08/32.md +++ b/1ch/08/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeiel ... Mikloth ... Shimeah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/33.md b/1ch/08/33.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/33.md +++ b/1ch/08/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/34.md b/1ch/08/34.md index 421a505955..2106464435 100644 --- a/1ch/08/34.md +++ b/1ch/08/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan ... Merib-Baal ... Micah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/35.md b/1ch/08/35.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/35.md +++ b/1ch/08/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/36.md b/1ch/08/36.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/36.md +++ b/1ch/08/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/37.md b/1ch/08/37.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/37.md +++ b/1ch/08/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/38.md b/1ch/08/38.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/08/38.md +++ b/1ch/08/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/39.md b/1ch/08/39.md index 162f89dd6e..8932863674 100644 --- a/1ch/08/39.md +++ b/1ch/08/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-nam # Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third "Jeush, who was born after Ulam, and Eliphelet, who was born after Jeush" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/40.md b/1ch/08/40.md index 46d40fc691..aa00e5a7a5 100644 --- a/1ch/08/40.md +++ b/1ch/08/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # many sons and grandsons, a total of 150 "a total of one hundred fifty sons and grandsons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/08/intro.md b/1ch/08/intro.md index 22c871a25d..ea5c66eb01 100644 --- a/1ch/08/intro.md +++ b/1ch/08/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 1 Chronicles 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter records the genealogy of Saul's family. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter records the genealogy of Saul's family. * __[1 Chronicles 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/09/01.md b/1ch/09/01.md index 5396914635..0f6f21d6c3 100644 --- a/1ch/09/01.md +++ b/1ch/09/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to a book that no longer exists. # they were carried away in exile This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Babylonians carried them away in exile" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/02.md b/1ch/09/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/09/02.md +++ b/1ch/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/09/03.md b/1ch/09/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/09/03.md +++ b/1ch/09/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/09/04.md b/1ch/09/04.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/04.md +++ b/1ch/09/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/05.md b/1ch/09/05.md index bc99b714e7..e82321b1b6 100644 --- a/1ch/09/05.md +++ b/1ch/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a people group descended from Shelah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # Asaiah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/06.md b/1ch/09/06.md index 1dd94d2f96..f8921e404e 100644 --- a/1ch/09/06.md +++ b/1ch/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # numbered 690 "numbered six hundred ninety people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/07.md b/1ch/09/07.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/07.md +++ b/1ch/09/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/08.md b/1ch/09/08.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/08.md +++ b/1ch/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/09.md b/1ch/09/09.md index be86d349a5..c0239c1763 100644 --- a/1ch/09/09.md +++ b/1ch/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # heads of fathers' houses for their fathers' houses "leaders of their extended families." Extended families are people related to each other who usually live in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans." - diff --git a/1ch/09/10.md b/1ch/09/10.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/10.md +++ b/1ch/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/11.md b/1ch/09/11.md index 20f95c6ad3..beb4452625 100644 --- a/1ch/09/11.md +++ b/1ch/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-nam # the house of God the second temple, which the people built after they returned from Babylon - diff --git a/1ch/09/12.md b/1ch/09/12.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/12.md +++ b/1ch/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/13.md b/1ch/09/13.md index f50a3d38e7..634dac6b6b 100644 --- a/1ch/09/13.md +++ b/1ch/09/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the second temple, which the people built after they returned from Babylon # numbered 1,760 "numbered one thousand and sixty priests" or "numbered seventeen hundred and sixty priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/14.md b/1ch/09/14.md index 7ae021de00..76258096d4 100644 --- a/1ch/09/14.md +++ b/1ch/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-nam # among the descendants "one of the descendants" - diff --git a/1ch/09/15.md b/1ch/09/15.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/15.md +++ b/1ch/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/16.md b/1ch/09/16.md index 13a52ebe65..fb56dd832f 100644 --- a/1ch/09/16.md +++ b/1ch/09/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here except "Netophathites" are the names of men. The Netophathites were a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/17.md b/1ch/09/17.md index 7eb7dcb425..1404436fda 100644 --- a/1ch/09/17.md +++ b/1ch/09/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Shallum ... Akkub ... Talmon ... Ahiman These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/18.md b/1ch/09/18.md index a86b78de74..f5437e7ffe 100644 --- a/1ch/09/18.md +++ b/1ch/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they stood guard at the king's gate on the east side for the camp of Levi's descendants "Levi's descendants guarded the king's gate on the east side of their camp" - diff --git a/1ch/09/19.md b/1ch/09/19.md index a0183a16e7..fd6c163cd9 100644 --- a/1ch/09/19.md +++ b/1ch/09/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These phrases both refer to the entrance of the tent of meeting, or the tabernac # the tent This is a metonym for the second temple, which the people built after they returned from Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/20.md b/1ch/09/20.md index a3b2c8ecef..9ea444343d 100644 --- a/1ch/09/20.md +++ b/1ch/09/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in charge of them "in charge of the Korahites" ([1 Chronicles 9:19](../09/19.md)) - diff --git a/1ch/09/21.md b/1ch/09/21.md index 05fbf29215..ee01688d0b 100644 --- a/1ch/09/21.md +++ b/1ch/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the tent of meeting The building where the Israelites prayed and offered sacrifices to God was sometimes called "the tent of meeting" in memory of the tent where Moses met with God when he and the Israelites were in the wilderness many years before this. Alternate translation: "the tent of meeting, that is, the temple" - diff --git a/1ch/09/22.md b/1ch/09/22.md index fb6753ce22..f2d51466f2 100644 --- a/1ch/09/22.md +++ b/1ch/09/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is not clear who chose these men, so if you have to translate in active form, # Their names were recorded in the people's genealogies in their villages This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The records in peoples' villages included the names of these men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/23.md b/1ch/09/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/09/23.md +++ b/1ch/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/09/24.md b/1ch/09/24.md index 94bcd495b7..32b19b5848 100644 --- a/1ch/09/24.md +++ b/1ch/09/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "men guarded the e # on all four sides, toward the east, west, north, and south The words "east, west, north, and south" explain the words "all four sides." - diff --git a/1ch/09/25.md b/1ch/09/25.md index be7aceadc8..1558568e41 100644 --- a/1ch/09/25.md +++ b/1ch/09/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # came in for seven-day rotations, in turn "would come to help for 7-day periods, taking turns" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/26.md b/1ch/09/26.md index eaa8bedd29..bbbd5212ef 100644 --- a/1ch/09/26.md +++ b/1ch/09/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may want to make explicit that they were entrusted to guard the rooms. Alter # the house of God the second temple, which the people built after they returned from Babylon - diff --git a/1ch/09/27.md b/1ch/09/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/09/27.md +++ b/1ch/09/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/09/28.md b/1ch/09/28.md index 7fd5649375..fb8deb3f96 100644 --- a/1ch/09/28.md +++ b/1ch/09/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they counted the articles when they were brought in and when they were taken out This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they counted the articles that people took out to use, and they counted the articles when people brought them back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/29.md b/1ch/09/29.md index ed2f3515aa..a6d96a7611 100644 --- a/1ch/09/29.md +++ b/1ch/09/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Some of them also were assigned to take care of It is not clear who assigned these men, so if you have to translate in active form, use your language's most general way of doing so. Alternate translation: "The leaders also assigned some of them to take care of" or "Some of them also took care of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/30.md b/1ch/09/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/09/30.md +++ b/1ch/09/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/09/31.md b/1ch/09/31.md index a86ee8f1f2..8eb4d9c75f 100644 --- a/1ch/09/31.md +++ b/1ch/09/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Korahite This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/32.md b/1ch/09/32.md index 824b90b49a..70ab7c26a1 100644 --- a/1ch/09/32.md +++ b/1ch/09/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # bread of the presence See the translationWord page about "bread" for the specific definition of "bread of the presence." - diff --git a/1ch/09/33.md b/1ch/09/33.md index 243ee8be4e..f7fe665728 100644 --- a/1ch/09/33.md +++ b/1ch/09/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # day and night This means "at all times" and can be translated using a phrase or word from your language or culture that gives the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/34.md b/1ch/09/34.md index ea03fd559b..b16a1d93b7 100644 --- a/1ch/09/34.md +++ b/1ch/09/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These were leaders of the clans of the Levites, according to the genealogical records "The family history lists included the names of these Levite family leaders" - diff --git a/1ch/09/35.md b/1ch/09/35.md index 7916c4c0fe..a9f538c499 100644 --- a/1ch/09/35.md +++ b/1ch/09/35.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Maakah -This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/09/36.md b/1ch/09/36.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/36.md +++ b/1ch/09/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/37.md b/1ch/09/37.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/37.md +++ b/1ch/09/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/38.md b/1ch/09/38.md index 324890e91c..9247483536 100644 --- a/1ch/09/38.md +++ b/1ch/09/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mikloth ... Shimeam These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/39.md b/1ch/09/39.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/39.md +++ b/1ch/09/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/40.md b/1ch/09/40.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/40.md +++ b/1ch/09/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/41.md b/1ch/09/41.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/41.md +++ b/1ch/09/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/42.md b/1ch/09/42.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/42.md +++ b/1ch/09/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/43.md b/1ch/09/43.md index c9015152db..37fd157a98 100644 --- a/1ch/09/43.md +++ b/1ch/09/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-nam # Rephaiah his son, Eleasah his son, Azel his son Possible meanings are 1) Rephaiah was Bineah's son, Eleasah was Rephaiah's son, and Azel was Eleasah's son, or 2) Rephaiah, Eleasah, and Azel were all sons of Moza. - diff --git a/1ch/09/44.md b/1ch/09/44.md index 01a8de1207..73849ecb50 100644 --- a/1ch/09/44.md +++ b/1ch/09/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/09/intro.md b/1ch/09/intro.md index 9fcc6d045c..a0d4513c5e 100644 --- a/1ch/09/intro.md +++ b/1ch/09/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ # 1 Chronicles 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter records the genealogy of the people who returned to Jerusalem after the exile and the family of Saul. +This chapter records the genealogy of the people who returned to Jerusalem after the exile and the family of Saul. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/10/01.md b/1ch/10/01.md index b67d480075..d2eb7b5df2 100644 --- a/1ch/10/01.md +++ b/1ch/10/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that these men were Israelite soldiers. Alternate translation: "Th # Every man of Israel ... fell down dead This is probably a generalization. It seems that while all the soldiers did run away, not all of them died. Alternate translation: "Every man of Israel ... most of them died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/02.md b/1ch/10/02.md index 3e2f4100f6..9acb9ccfc2 100644 --- a/1ch/10/02.md +++ b/1ch/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abinadab ... Malki-Shua See how you translated these men's names in [1 Chronicles 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/03.md b/1ch/10/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/10/03.md +++ b/1ch/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/10/04.md b/1ch/10/04.md index 0b60a679fb..03c999bca0 100644 --- a/1ch/10/04.md +++ b/1ch/10/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "uncircumcised" represents people who do not belong to Yahweh. Alternate tr # fell on it Saul probably stuck the handle into the ground and leaned on the point so the sword would go through his body as he fell down. The action is a metonym for the result, death. Alternate translation: "killed himself with it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/05.md b/1ch/10/05.md index 5cae306d69..500cc3a9f5 100644 --- a/1ch/10/05.md +++ b/1ch/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fell on his sword He probably stuck the handle into the ground and leaned on the point so the sword would go through his body as he fell down. The action is a metonym for the result, death. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 10:4](../10/04.md). Alternate translation: "killed himself with his sword" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/06.md b/1ch/10/06.md index 8c216e50a2..75b77c4db0 100644 --- a/1ch/10/06.md +++ b/1ch/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and his three sons The word "died" is understood from the previous phrase. It can be repeated. Alternate translation: "and his 3 sons died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/07.md b/1ch/10/07.md index 91a4e1cc1c..32a2f17a0b 100644 --- a/1ch/10/07.md +++ b/1ch/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is probably a generalization. Alternate translation: "When the men of Israe # the Philistines came and lived in them "the Philistines came and lived in the cities from which the Israelites had fled." This probably happened after the events in verses 8-12. - diff --git a/1ch/10/08.md b/1ch/10/08.md index c41c59a5ec..97b2898e75 100644 --- a/1ch/10/08.md +++ b/1ch/10/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # Saul and his sons fallen Here "fallen" is a polite way to refer to someone who died in battle. Alternate translation: "Saul and his sons dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/09.md b/1ch/10/09.md index 0690d4cebb..65b037b35c 100644 --- a/1ch/10/09.md +++ b/1ch/10/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They told the people what had happened and praised their idols in prayer. # to carry the news A person telling others about something that has happened is spoken of as if the person were carrying a solid object and giving it to those other people. Alternate translation: "to tell what had happened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/10.md b/1ch/10/10.md index cd4987fcc3..858f501d35 100644 --- a/1ch/10/10.md +++ b/1ch/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Dagon This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/11.md b/1ch/10/11.md index 9746da8388..890df160e4 100644 --- a/1ch/10/11.md +++ b/1ch/10/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both instances of the word "all" are generalizations. The name of the town is a # Jabesh Gilead This is the name of a town in the region of Gilead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/12.md b/1ch/10/12.md index f786980ae9..37e0018225 100644 --- a/1ch/10/12.md +++ b/1ch/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The bones are a synecdoche for the dead bodies. Alternate translation: "their bo # seven days "7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/13.md b/1ch/10/13.md index 269b4ec37a..f764be97ad 100644 --- a/1ch/10/13.md +++ b/1ch/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Verses 13 and 14 give a summary of why Saul died. If your language has a way of showing that this is not part of the story, you could use it here. - diff --git a/1ch/10/14.md b/1ch/10/14.md index 81bb1428e7..74e3a9d830 100644 --- a/1ch/10/14.md +++ b/1ch/10/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Verses 13 and 14 give a summary of why Saul died. If your language has a way of # turned over the kingdom to David son of Jesse Here "turned over the kingdom" is an idiom that means to give someone authority over a kingdom. Alternate translation: "made David, son of Jesse, king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/10/intro.md b/1ch/10/intro.md index 92eb2805ab..04e4589ce6 100644 --- a/1ch/10/intro.md +++ b/1ch/10/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # 1 Chronicles 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The death of Saul +### The death of Saul -Saul died because he disobeyed God. +Saul died because he disobeyed God. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/11/01.md b/1ch/11/01.md index af8babe1bc..162f096185 100644 --- a/1ch/11/01.md +++ b/1ch/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a generalization that means people from every tribe in Israel came to Da # we are your flesh and bone This idiom means that they are relatives. Alternate translation: "we are your relatives" or "we have the same ancestors as you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/02.md b/1ch/11/02.md index 294230cf43..e685f53d13 100644 --- a/1ch/11/02.md +++ b/1ch/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two clauses mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh had ch # You will shepherd my people Israel Here ruling over the people is spoken of as shepherding them. Alternate translation: "'You will care for my people Israel" or "You will lead my people Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/03.md b/1ch/11/03.md index 9cb25cdc8e..d535289b9d 100644 --- a/1ch/11/03.md +++ b/1ch/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "anoint" is a symbolic act to show that they recognized that God had chosen D # the word of Yahweh that had been declared by Samuel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the word of Yahweh that Samuel had declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/04.md b/1ch/11/04.md index 1990a0ee50..a3a3b29461 100644 --- a/1ch/11/04.md +++ b/1ch/11/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the phrase "all Israel" represents the entire Israelite army. Alternate tra # Now the Jebusites ... were there The word "now" is used to mark a stop in the main story. Here the narrator tells background information about Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/05.md b/1ch/11/05.md index 49a5ec72b4..90a4ac56b7 100644 --- a/1ch/11/05.md +++ b/1ch/11/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "took" is an idiom that means "captured" or "conquered." Since Dav # the stronghold of Zion ... the city of David Both of these names refer to Jerusalem. - diff --git a/1ch/11/06.md b/1ch/11/06.md index 883060a03f..5956ae7716 100644 --- a/1ch/11/06.md +++ b/1ch/11/06.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # Zeruiah + This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # so he was made the chief This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so David made Joab the chief" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/07.md b/1ch/11/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/11/07.md +++ b/1ch/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/11/08.md b/1ch/11/08.md index 9e514d8fa4..bb5a63907e 100644 --- a/1ch/11/08.md +++ b/1ch/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "he" refers to David. The reader should understand that David and Joab # the Millo This likely refers to a terraced structure that consisted of retaining walls with dirt filled in behind them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/09.md b/1ch/11/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/11/09.md +++ b/1ch/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/11/10.md b/1ch/11/10.md index 0a53784fdb..b9ad105650 100644 --- a/1ch/11/10.md +++ b/1ch/11/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who showed themselves strong with him in his kingdom ... to make him king This phrase means that both the leaders of David's army, and the full army, helped David to establish himself as king over Israel. Alternate translation: "who strongly supported David's kingdom ... to make him king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/11.md b/1ch/11/11.md index 08b0ca726e..802bee3577 100644 --- a/1ch/11/11.md +++ b/1ch/11/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a person from the clan descended from a man named Hakmon. (See: [ # on one occasion "in one battle" - diff --git a/1ch/11/12.md b/1ch/11/12.md index 4e2a846ca3..626203b9db 100644 --- a/1ch/11/12.md +++ b/1ch/11/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Ahohite The "Ahohites" is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/13.md b/1ch/11/13.md index 69aa0a4713..5936120685 100644 --- a/1ch/11/13.md +++ b/1ch/11/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pas Dammim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/14.md b/1ch/11/14.md index e9bbbfd6e6..ab3ef79e6b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/14.md +++ b/1ch/11/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # cut down the Philistines This means that they killed the Philistine soldiers with their swords. Alternate translation: "killed the Philistines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/15.md b/1ch/11/15.md index 697f8b9389..75cd910f3e 100644 --- a/1ch/11/15.md +++ b/1ch/11/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the Valley of Rephaim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/16.md b/1ch/11/16.md index 17801f643e..6dae3f27d8 100644 --- a/1ch/11/16.md +++ b/1ch/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the Philistines had established their camp at Bethlehem "the Philistines had stationed soldiers in Bethlehem" - diff --git a/1ch/11/17.md b/1ch/11/17.md index 156665512c..e8a493030c 100644 --- a/1ch/11/17.md +++ b/1ch/11/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the well at Bethlehem, the well that is by the gate These two phrases refer to the same well. The second specifies which well in Bethlehem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/18.md b/1ch/11/18.md index 8f6c3735fd..3fa440fe76 100644 --- a/1ch/11/18.md +++ b/1ch/11/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases refer to the same well. The second specifies which well in Bet # he poured it out to Yahweh This means that he poured out the water as an offering to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/19.md b/1ch/11/19.md index d8fd5e872e..ff204624d0 100644 --- a/1ch/11/19.md +++ b/1ch/11/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Should I drink the blood of these men who have risked their lives? David speaks of the water as if it were blood because the men risked their lives to bring the water to him. He uses a question to emphasize this. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I should not drink this water, which would be like drinking the blood of these men who have risked their lives to bring it to me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/20.md b/1ch/11/20.md index ced52217a8..68037ce4c2 100644 --- a/1ch/11/20.md +++ b/1ch/11/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means Abishai was the leader of the three men who went and got water for Da # He had a name along with the Three The word "name" here is a metonym for a good reputation, for being honored as a mighty warrior. Alternate translation: "People honored him the same way they honored the Three" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/21.md b/1ch/11/21.md index 3764a61245..2d47f2c089 100644 --- a/1ch/11/21.md +++ b/1ch/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Of the Three, he was given double honor and became This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) that he received double the honor that the Three received. Alternate translation: "People gave him twice as much honor as they gave the Three and he became" or 2) the Three honored him more than they honored others. Alternate translation: "The Three honored him more than they honored others and he became" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/22.md b/1ch/11/22.md index c0e8766db2..7aef2bf252 100644 --- a/1ch/11/22.md +++ b/1ch/11/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kabzeel This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/23.md b/1ch/11/23.md index 582d514eff..099bea968f 100644 --- a/1ch/11/23.md +++ b/1ch/11/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This compares the size of the spear with the size of a weaver's beam. Alternate # he went down to him "Benaiah went down to the Egyptian." This idiom means that he met him in battle. Alternate translation: "he attacked him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/24.md b/1ch/11/24.md index 5a452942a2..3be9229f3b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/24.md +++ b/1ch/11/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he was named alongside the three mighty men This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people praised him like they praised the three mighty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/25.md b/1ch/11/25.md index 5320f0f311..447d629969 100644 --- a/1ch/11/25.md +++ b/1ch/11/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The people respected # his bodyguard the group of people responsible for protecting David - diff --git a/1ch/11/26.md b/1ch/11/26.md index 1c4e3a7b8a..c5db66c990 100644 --- a/1ch/11/26.md +++ b/1ch/11/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This begins a list of David's thirty most important warriors. The list contains the names of the men and the clans to which they belonged. The list continues through 1 Chronicles 11:47. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/27.md b/1ch/11/27.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/27.md +++ b/1ch/11/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/28.md b/1ch/11/28.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/28.md +++ b/1ch/11/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/29.md b/1ch/11/29.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/29.md +++ b/1ch/11/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/30.md b/1ch/11/30.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/30.md +++ b/1ch/11/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/31.md b/1ch/11/31.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/31.md +++ b/1ch/11/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/32.md b/1ch/11/32.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/32.md +++ b/1ch/11/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/33.md b/1ch/11/33.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/33.md +++ b/1ch/11/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/34.md b/1ch/11/34.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/34.md +++ b/1ch/11/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/35.md b/1ch/11/35.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/35.md +++ b/1ch/11/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/36.md b/1ch/11/36.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/36.md +++ b/1ch/11/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/37.md b/1ch/11/37.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/37.md +++ b/1ch/11/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/38.md b/1ch/11/38.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/38.md +++ b/1ch/11/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/39.md b/1ch/11/39.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/39.md +++ b/1ch/11/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/40.md b/1ch/11/40.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/40.md +++ b/1ch/11/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/41.md b/1ch/11/41.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/41.md +++ b/1ch/11/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/42.md b/1ch/11/42.md index a2d277a22e..50c76d4d3c 100644 --- a/1ch/11/42.md +++ b/1ch/11/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc:// # thirty with him "30 men with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/43.md b/1ch/11/43.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/43.md +++ b/1ch/11/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/44.md b/1ch/11/44.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/44.md +++ b/1ch/11/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/45.md b/1ch/11/45.md index 62c4a3d942..ed239fe3e4 100644 --- a/1ch/11/45.md +++ b/1ch/11/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This concludes the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/46.md b/1ch/11/46.md index 3a9a342f73..712bae289b 100644 --- a/1ch/11/46.md +++ b/1ch/11/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/47.md b/1ch/11/47.md index fc15afe60e..f651b4d963 100644 --- a/1ch/11/47.md +++ b/1ch/11/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This ends the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/11/intro.md b/1ch/11/intro.md index 49f39112b8..1b2deacf0c 100644 --- a/1ch/11/intro.md +++ b/1ch/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Chronicles 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of David begins here and continues throughout the remainder of this book. +The story of David begins here and continues throughout the remainder of this book. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### King David the military leader -#### King David the military leader David was made the king of all Israel and was the leader of their army. He conquered Jerusalem and strengthened its defenses. He had many brave men in his army that did great deeds. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ David was made the king of all Israel and was the leader of their army. He conqu * __[1 Chronicles 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/12/01.md b/1ch/12/01.md index a4ab918b15..94c388c029 100644 --- a/1ch/12/01.md +++ b/1ch/12/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # while he was still banished from the presence of This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "during the time when he could not be in the presence of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/02.md b/1ch/12/02.md index 7524d9c0bb..40e9cd8cd0 100644 --- a/1ch/12/02.md +++ b/1ch/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # slinging stones The sling was a strip of leather that a person would use to throw a stone long distances. - diff --git a/1ch/12/03.md b/1ch/12/03.md index 395ce05dea..01f8125e0a 100644 --- a/1ch/12/03.md +++ b/1ch/12/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This begins a list of the men from the tribe of Benjamin who joined David at Ziklag. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/04.md b/1ch/12/04.md index e4ac01ac2a..73cea2c08f 100644 --- a/1ch/12/04.md +++ b/1ch/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the men from the tribe of Benjamin who joined David a # the thirty "the 30 soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/05.md b/1ch/12/05.md index f48eb7482b..b079bf8c53 100644 --- a/1ch/12/05.md +++ b/1ch/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of the men from the tribe of Benjamin who joined David at Ziklag. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/06.md b/1ch/12/06.md index f48eb7482b..b079bf8c53 100644 --- a/1ch/12/06.md +++ b/1ch/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of the men from the tribe of Benjamin who joined David at Ziklag. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/07.md b/1ch/12/07.md index 4ef4457723..94dbd72e9a 100644 --- a/1ch/12/07.md +++ b/1ch/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This ends the list of the men from the tribe of Benjamin who joined David at Ziklag. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/08.md b/1ch/12/08.md index a6a3fef2e5..910ce26387 100644 --- a/1ch/12/08.md +++ b/1ch/12/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This hyperbole compares how swiftly these men were able to run with how swiftly # gazelles animals similar to deer that can run quickly over hills and rough ground - diff --git a/1ch/12/09.md b/1ch/12/09.md index 70ce3821c9..f0e1fe2505 100644 --- a/1ch/12/09.md +++ b/1ch/12/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ezer the leader, Obadiah the second, Eliab the third This begins a list of the men from the tribe of Gad who joined David, in order of their importance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/10.md b/1ch/12/10.md index b27f5044c2..4b37420d6f 100644 --- a/1ch/12/10.md +++ b/1ch/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mishmannah the fourth, Jeremiah the fifth This continues a list of the men from the tribe of Gad who joined David, in order of their importance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/11.md b/1ch/12/11.md index fdaec8388f..4ddaeb9794 100644 --- a/1ch/12/11.md +++ b/1ch/12/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Attai the sixth, Eliel the seventh This continues the list of the men from the tribe of Gad who joined David, in order of their importance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/12.md b/1ch/12/12.md index 69904d54a9..1821b94ea8 100644 --- a/1ch/12/12.md +++ b/1ch/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Johanan the eighth, Elzabad the ninth This continues the list of the men from the tribe of Gad who joined David, in order of their importance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/13.md b/1ch/12/13.md index 0339ba0233..c0157a422c 100644 --- a/1ch/12/13.md +++ b/1ch/12/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeremiah the tenth, Makbannai the eleventh This ends the list of the men from the tribe of Gad who joined David, in order of their importance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/14.md b/1ch/12/14.md index 02d3996854..26402c9804 100644 --- a/1ch/12/14.md +++ b/1ch/12/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The greatest of the sons led groups of a thousand soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # The least ... the greatest Possible meanings are "The youngest sons ... the oldest sons," "The weakest sons ... the strongest sons," or "The most important sons ... the least important sons" - diff --git a/1ch/12/15.md b/1ch/12/15.md index 7aff6d4c71..e10f3fa591 100644 --- a/1ch/12/15.md +++ b/1ch/12/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of Ma # caused all those living in the valleys to flee "they chased away all those living in the valleys" - diff --git a/1ch/12/16.md b/1ch/12/16.md index e8b3756df7..651845a575 100644 --- a/1ch/12/16.md +++ b/1ch/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # men of Benjamin and Judah "men from the tribes of Benjamin and Judah" - diff --git a/1ch/12/17.md b/1ch/12/17.md index 51d63a674d..5bec03bcb3 100644 --- a/1ch/12/17.md +++ b/1ch/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # may the God of our ancestors see What God will see may be supplied in translation. Alternate translation: "may the God of our ancestors see what you intend to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/18.md b/1ch/12/18.md index 541be1bef7..f40822a8b2 100644 --- a/1ch/12/18.md +++ b/1ch/12/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These phrases share similar meanings. The idioms "we are yours" and "we are on y # Peace, may peace be to whoever helps you Here the word "peace" refers to prosperity and well-being. The word is repeated to emphasize great prosperity. Alternate translation: "May whoever helps you greatly prosper" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/19.md b/1ch/12/19.md index a505fbc3d6..9e19f0fb1f 100644 --- a/1ch/12/19.md +++ b/1ch/12/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He will desert to his master Saul "He will stop fighting with us and fight for his master Saul" - diff --git a/1ch/12/20.md b/1ch/12/20.md index 405dcf401e..366af0929f 100644 --- a/1ch/12/20.md +++ b/1ch/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Ziklag + This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Adnah, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # captains over thousands of Manasseh This means that each of these men led groups of a thousand soldiers in the tribe of Manasseh. Alternate translation: "each a captain over 1,000 men in the tribe of Manasseh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/21.md b/1ch/12/21.md index 5bfb4835b2..ff0352eef2 100644 --- a/1ch/12/21.md +++ b/1ch/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the roving bands "the groups of robbers." This refers to groups of people who robbed people traveling through the countryside. - diff --git a/1ch/12/22.md b/1ch/12/22.md index f705cede26..303b6d3b4b 100644 --- a/1ch/12/22.md +++ b/1ch/12/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a great army, like the army of God Possible meanings are 1) the phrase "like the army of God" means "like an army that God assembled" or 2) the word "God" is used as an idiom that refers to the great size of the army. Alternate translation: "a very large army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/23.md b/1ch/12/23.md index 7b83cf48ad..dba2403ec0 100644 --- a/1ch/12/23.md +++ b/1ch/12/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The men making David king in place of Saul is spoken of as if they gave possessi # carried out Yahweh's word "made Yahweh's word true" or "fulfilled Yahweh's word" - diff --git a/1ch/12/24.md b/1ch/12/24.md index 212a8c9d02..2a1abdd4a0 100644 --- a/1ch/12/24.md +++ b/1ch/12/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # 6,800, armed for war "six thousand eight hundred, armed for war" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/25.md b/1ch/12/25.md index 564ec9c41b..ed6f100727 100644 --- a/1ch/12/25.md +++ b/1ch/12/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # 7,100 mighty warriors "seven thousand one hundred mighty warriors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/26.md b/1ch/12/26.md index 6ebe339b46..9e5215e8eb 100644 --- a/1ch/12/26.md +++ b/1ch/12/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # 4,600 fighting men "four thousand six hundred fighting men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/27.md b/1ch/12/27.md index eb89f20c49..bd9927159a 100644 --- a/1ch/12/27.md +++ b/1ch/12/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # with him were 3,700 "with him were three thousand seven hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/28.md b/1ch/12/28.md index 44cce7a68d..115b463c01 100644 --- a/1ch/12/28.md +++ b/1ch/12/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # twenty-two leaders "22 leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/29.md b/1ch/12/29.md index ffb4adf52a..46141fef3a 100644 --- a/1ch/12/29.md +++ b/1ch/12/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # kept watch over This is a metaphor for being loyal to someone. Alternate translation: "been loyal to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/30.md b/1ch/12/30.md index 668ebb3f60..3d48684c88 100644 --- a/1ch/12/30.md +++ b/1ch/12/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # From the Ephraimites "From Ephraim" or "From the tribe of Ephraim" - diff --git a/1ch/12/31.md b/1ch/12/31.md index 951df9e5c1..a3a2355eeb 100644 --- a/1ch/12/31.md +++ b/1ch/12/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # eighteen thousand "18,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/32.md b/1ch/12/32.md index 80ed32377e..4c5e519d17 100644 --- a/1ch/12/32.md +++ b/1ch/12/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # who had understanding of the times Possible meanings are 1) these men knew the right time to act or 2) these men had a good understanding of current political events within Israel. - diff --git a/1ch/12/33.md b/1ch/12/33.md index f68bfab6f4..55a48edbd3 100644 --- a/1ch/12/33.md +++ b/1ch/12/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # ready to give undivided loyalty It is implicit that they would give loyalty to David. Alternate translation: "ready to give undivided loyalty to David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/34.md b/1ch/12/34.md index 3e80527164..14a8e93600 100644 --- a/1ch/12/34.md +++ b/1ch/12/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # one thousand ... thirty-seven thousand "1,000 ... 37,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/35.md b/1ch/12/35.md index 732efb8594..5a15e753a0 100644 --- a/1ch/12/35.md +++ b/1ch/12/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # 28,600 men "twenty-eight thousand six hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/36.md b/1ch/12/36.md index 0d33aa471f..a95fed6181 100644 --- a/1ch/12/36.md +++ b/1ch/12/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. ( # forty thousand "40,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/37.md b/1ch/12/37.md index 506fc7ff5f..549f46a738 100644 --- a/1ch/12/37.md +++ b/1ch/12/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This ends the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. (See: # 120,000 men "one hundred twenty thousand men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/38.md b/1ch/12/38.md index 1c11f687ae..3501b65890 100644 --- a/1ch/12/38.md +++ b/1ch/12/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with a whole heart The word "heart" here is a metonym for a person's intentions or desires. Alternate translation: "with firm intentions" or "determined to make David king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/39.md b/1ch/12/39.md index a9f74936dc..5e54f0a0d9 100644 --- a/1ch/12/39.md +++ b/1ch/12/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # three days "3 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/12/40.md b/1ch/12/40.md index dd3853a865..d89176353e 100644 --- a/1ch/12/40.md +++ b/1ch/12/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there was joy in Israel The people of Israel were very happy. - diff --git a/1ch/12/intro.md b/1ch/12/intro.md index 58afed1d55..043c363c36 100644 --- a/1ch/12/intro.md +++ b/1ch/12/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # 1 Chronicles 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "[They] could use both the right hand and the left" -#### "[They] could use both the right hand and the left" These soldiers were very skilled. They were able to fight with either hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### King David -This chapter records all those who supported David as king over Saul. The extent of this record shows that there was nearly universal support for David. +### King David + +This chapter records all those who supported David as king over Saul. The extent of this record shows that there was nearly universal support for David. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/13/01.md b/1ch/13/01.md index 55226db9f6..b9cbaa3896 100644 --- a/1ch/13/01.md +++ b/1ch/13/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the commanders of thousands and of hundreds Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders led. Alternate translation: "the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the commanders of 100 soldiers" or 2) the words translated as "thousands" and "hundreds" do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: "the commanders of large military divisions and the commanders of smaller military divisions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/02.md b/1ch/13/02.md index 3489da447f..12aa94491d 100644 --- a/1ch/13/02.md +++ b/1ch/13/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means that this action is something that Yahweh approves. Alternate t # Let them be told to come together with us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let messengers tell them to join us" or "Let them join us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/03.md b/1ch/13/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/13/03.md +++ b/1ch/13/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/13/04.md b/1ch/13/04.md index 213429fe5e..f289e5cb35 100644 --- a/1ch/13/04.md +++ b/1ch/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the eyes of all the people they seemed to be what was right Here the word "eyes" is a metonym for what the people thought or judged because of what they saw. Alternate translation: "all the people considered these things to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/05.md b/1ch/13/05.md index 9f9d2207d7..5271b8451f 100644 --- a/1ch/13/05.md +++ b/1ch/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "all" is a generalization. The phrase means that David assembled p # Lebo Hamath ... Kiriath Jearim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/06.md b/1ch/13/06.md index 013b1d657a..9de55a9373 100644 --- a/1ch/13/06.md +++ b/1ch/13/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) the idiom "called by # who sits enthroned over the cherubim You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark of the covenant. The biblical writers often spoke of the ark of the covenant as if it were Yahweh's footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above. Alternate translation: "who sits on his throne above the cherubim on the ark of the covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/07.md b/1ch/13/07.md index 7e32f3a959..8a346f9b6e 100644 --- a/1ch/13/07.md +++ b/1ch/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abinadab ... Uzzah ... Ahio These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/08.md b/1ch/13/08.md index e86a3763a5..5d2a382487 100644 --- a/1ch/13/08.md +++ b/1ch/13/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ hand drums with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instruments # cymbals two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/09.md b/1ch/13/09.md index 0134058fe7..7f9543ea1e 100644 --- a/1ch/13/09.md +++ b/1ch/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kidon ... Uzzah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/10.md b/1ch/13/10.md index 475f76d8e7..8a745e1f91 100644 --- a/1ch/13/10.md +++ b/1ch/13/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's anger is spoken of as if it were a fire that burned the one with whom Y # before God "in the presence of God" - diff --git a/1ch/13/11.md b/1ch/13/11.md index b85865e34f..f74ee83a81 100644 --- a/1ch/13/11.md +++ b/1ch/13/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. Translator may add a footnote that says, "The name # to this day See how you translated this phrase in [1 Chronicles 4:43](../04/43.md) - diff --git a/1ch/13/12.md b/1ch/13/12.md index ab4c4222a8..789d3a1104 100644 --- a/1ch/13/12.md +++ b/1ch/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How can I bring the ark of God home to me? David uses this question to emphasize that he is afraid to take the ark to Jerusalem. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I am too afraid to bring the ark of Yahweh with me to Jerusalem." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/13.md b/1ch/13/13.md index 5a76079da1..1ed4f4b011 100644 --- a/1ch/13/13.md +++ b/1ch/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Obed-Edom the Gittite This is the name of a man. A "Gittite" is a person from the city of Gath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/14.md b/1ch/13/14.md index 09feac3445..8a9a4a9593 100644 --- a/1ch/13/14.md +++ b/1ch/13/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Yahweh blessed his house Here the word "house" is a metonym for his family. Alternate translation: "Yahweh blessed his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/13/intro.md b/1ch/13/intro.md index 1071bd9cd0..907848d34a 100644 --- a/1ch/13/intro.md +++ b/1ch/13/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 1 Chronicles 13 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Ark of the covenant -#### Ark of the covenant David tried to bring the ark to Jerusalem on an ox cart instead of being carried by priests as the law said to do. The ox stumbled and Uzzah touched the ark to keep it from falling and he immediately died because of this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ David tried to bring the ark to Jerusalem on an ox cart instead of being carried * __[1 Chronicles 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/14/01.md b/1ch/14/01.md index 855486525b..5423953ebd 100644 --- a/1ch/14/01.md +++ b/1ch/14/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ people make things with stone or brick # They built a house for him "The carpenters and masons built a house for David" - diff --git a/1ch/14/02.md b/1ch/14/02.md index 250075bb61..dc4467ca01 100644 --- a/1ch/14/02.md +++ b/1ch/14/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "exalted on high" means that Yahweh had given great honor to David's k # for the sake of his people Israel Here the word "his" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/1ch/14/03.md b/1ch/14/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/14/03.md +++ b/1ch/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/14/04.md b/1ch/14/04.md index 97c402c060..c5bc95bdaa 100644 --- a/1ch/14/04.md +++ b/1ch/14/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Shammua, Shobab, Nathan These are names of men. See how you translated these in [1 Chronicles 3:5](../03/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/05.md b/1ch/14/05.md index 81b7de64a9..bffc84b97b 100644 --- a/1ch/14/05.md +++ b/1ch/14/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the children who were born to David in Jerusalem. (Se # Ibhar, Elishua, Elpelet These are names of men. These names appear also in [1 Chronicles 3:6](../03/06.md), although there "Elpelet" is spelled "Eliphelet." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/06.md b/1ch/14/06.md index c95c16fd8c..b50b062858 100644 --- a/1ch/14/06.md +++ b/1ch/14/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the children who were born to David in Jerusalem. (Se # Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia These are names of men. These names appear also in [1 Chronicles 3:7](../03/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/07.md b/1ch/14/07.md index 75db8054e0..55f45cc17a 100644 --- a/1ch/14/07.md +++ b/1ch/14/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This ends the list of the children who were born to David in Jerusalem. (See: [[ # Elishama, Beeliada, and Eliphelet These are names of men. These names appear also in [1 Chronicles 3:8](../03/08.md), although there "Beeliada" is spelled "Eliada." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/08.md b/1ch/14/08.md index 3499001a11..6d7d5695f8 100644 --- a/1ch/14/08.md +++ b/1ch/14/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the elders of Israel # went out against them It is implied that David led his army out to fight against them. Alternate translation: "led his army out to fight against them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/09.md b/1ch/14/09.md index b2e4e6ded6..2da2b1f827 100644 --- a/1ch/14/09.md +++ b/1ch/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Valley of Rephaim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/10.md b/1ch/14/10.md index 4aa0d05205..2ea5c39c3b 100644 --- a/1ch/14/10.md +++ b/1ch/14/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # give them to you This idiom means that Yahweh will enable David to have victory over them. Alternate translation: "give you victory over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/11.md b/1ch/14/11.md index be4b3183ba..f32a4e25c4 100644 --- a/1ch/14/11.md +++ b/1ch/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David speaks of God easily defeating David's enemies as if God had burst through # by my hand This refers to David's resources. Alternate translation: "using my army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/12.md b/1ch/14/12.md index fe7860f947..adb9b049e6 100644 --- a/1ch/14/12.md +++ b/1ch/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that they should be burned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to burn their false gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/13.md b/1ch/14/13.md index 9f22987461..5be153c2f3 100644 --- a/1ch/14/13.md +++ b/1ch/14/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the valley "the Valley of Rephaim" - diff --git a/1ch/14/14.md b/1ch/14/14.md index e86fedbbe3..c5a41eca27 100644 --- a/1ch/14/14.md +++ b/1ch/14/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # balsam woods "Balsam" here is a type of tree, and the "woods" describe many balsam trees growing together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/15.md b/1ch/14/15.md index 553b8f4e3a..e9c3d54f8d 100644 --- a/1ch/14/15.md +++ b/1ch/14/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues his answer to David's question. # When you hear the sound of marching in the wind blowing through the balsam treetops This speaks of the sound of the leaves rustling as wind blows through them as if it were the sound of marching. Alternate translation: "When the wind blowing through the tops of the balsam trees sounds like men marching" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/16.md b/1ch/14/16.md index 11ea757b1b..e521de26ff 100644 --- a/1ch/14/16.md +++ b/1ch/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gezer This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/14/17.md b/1ch/14/17.md index fdbe9af21c..e2ba005611 100644 --- a/1ch/14/17.md +++ b/1ch/14/17.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ # David's fame went out into all lands The word "fame" here is spoken of as if it were a person who could move. The word "lands" is a metonym for the people living in those lands. Alternate translation: "People in all the lands nearby knew who David was" or "People in all the lands nearby knew that David was a mighty warrior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - - diff --git a/1ch/14/intro.md b/1ch/14/intro.md index fc90d6f168..d2cc155251 100644 --- a/1ch/14/intro.md +++ b/1ch/14/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ # 1 Chronicles 14 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -David asked for help from God and because of this, God enabled him to defeat the Philistines when they tried to capture him. +David asked for help from God and because of this, God enabled him to defeat the Philistines when they tried to capture him. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/15/01.md b/1ch/15/01.md index 528d961e78..37cf6dfb7b 100644 --- a/1ch/15/01.md +++ b/1ch/15/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David built houses for himself ... He prepared It might be best to translate this so that the reader understands that David had other people do this for him. Alternate translation: "David had workers build houses for him ... He had them prepare" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/02.md b/1ch/15/02.md index d9a9d2d7ec..65f6add8b3 100644 --- a/1ch/15/02.md +++ b/1ch/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they had been chosen by Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh had chosen them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/03.md b/1ch/15/03.md index 85af8c6cb9..819b2a678d 100644 --- a/1ch/15/03.md +++ b/1ch/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David assembled all Israel at Jerusalem Here the word "all" is a generalization. The phrase "all Israel" means that David assembled people from all over Israel, not that he assembled every person in Israel. Alternate translation: "David assembled at Jerusalem people from all over Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/04.md b/1ch/15/04.md index e3c78d95ce..d15ed9e5f3 100644 --- a/1ch/15/04.md +++ b/1ch/15/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This begins the list of the number of men whom David assembled from each of the Levite clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/05.md b/1ch/15/05.md index 8002416e6c..64b995e82a 100644 --- a/1ch/15/05.md +++ b/1ch/15/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 120 men "one hundred twenty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/06.md b/1ch/15/06.md index b049a24181..9945fca8ea 100644 --- a/1ch/15/06.md +++ b/1ch/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the number of men whom David assembled from each of t # 220 men "two hundred twenty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/07.md b/1ch/15/07.md index 0e784d7444..3f6a6b2fd5 100644 --- a/1ch/15/07.md +++ b/1ch/15/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of the number of men whom David assembled from each of the Levite clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/08.md b/1ch/15/08.md index 0e784d7444..3f6a6b2fd5 100644 --- a/1ch/15/08.md +++ b/1ch/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of the number of men whom David assembled from each of the Levite clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/09.md b/1ch/15/09.md index 0e784d7444..3f6a6b2fd5 100644 --- a/1ch/15/09.md +++ b/1ch/15/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of the number of men whom David assembled from each of the Levite clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/10.md b/1ch/15/10.md index 81fa85def6..3637bb9462 100644 --- a/1ch/15/10.md +++ b/1ch/15/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This ends the list of the number of men whom David assembled from each of the Levite clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/11.md b/1ch/15/11.md index 7ffe200ffb..9b126fc1f4 100644 --- a/1ch/15/11.md +++ b/1ch/15/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Uriel, Asaiah, Joel, Shemaiah, Eliel, and Amminadab These are names of men. See how you translated them in [1 Chronicles 15:5-6](./04.md) and [1 Chronicles 15:7-10](./07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/12.md b/1ch/15/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/15/12.md +++ b/1ch/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/15/13.md b/1ch/15/13.md index db4da8d829..1dec76c728 100644 --- a/1ch/15/13.md +++ b/1ch/15/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom to "break out against" means to act violently toward someone. Alternat # we did not seek him Here seeking Yahweh means to seek his counsel. Alternate translation: "we did not ask him for instructions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/14.md b/1ch/15/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/15/14.md +++ b/1ch/15/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/15/15.md b/1ch/15/15.md index 74f8109f0b..70d2444252 100644 --- a/1ch/15/15.md +++ b/1ch/15/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the rules given by the word of Yahweh The word "word" can be translated with a verb. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the rules that the word of Yahweh had given" or "the rules that Yahweh had spoken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/16.md b/1ch/15/16.md index befc6e468f..df1fd41ae8 100644 --- a/1ch/15/16.md +++ b/1ch/15/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound. See how # lift up sounds of joy This idiom means to sing and play the instruments loudly and joyfully. Alternate translation: "sing and play the instruments loudly and joyfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/17.md b/1ch/15/17.md index 3444a37602..89e66b1716 100644 --- a/1ch/15/17.md +++ b/1ch/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This begins the list of men whom the Levites appointed to sing and play music as the people brought the ark to Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/18.md b/1ch/15/18.md index 36dbf5743d..d5644a99f6 100644 --- a/1ch/15/18.md +++ b/1ch/15/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This likely means that these men served in lower positions and were assistants t # Mikneiah, Obed-Edom, and Jeiel, the gatekeepers The word "gatekeepers" refers to people who guard gates or entryways. Here it refers to guarding access to the ark of the covenant and applies to Obed-Edom and Jeiel. Alternate translation: "Mikneiah, and the gatekeepers, Obed-Edom and Jeiel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/19.md b/1ch/15/19.md index 7132f4a5c3..a411461cf6 100644 --- a/1ch/15/19.md +++ b/1ch/15/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Levites appointed # cymbals two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 13:8](../13/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/20.md b/1ch/15/20.md index be8c744cef..3cf7cda95a 100644 --- a/1ch/15/20.md +++ b/1ch/15/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of men whom the Levites appointed to sing and play music # Alamoth The meaning of this word is not clear but may refer to a style of music. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/21.md b/1ch/15/21.md index 7e092d24d5..5868141bfc 100644 --- a/1ch/15/21.md +++ b/1ch/15/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The meaning of this word is not clear but may refer to a style of music. (See: [ # led the way "led the other musicians" or "led the processional" - diff --git a/1ch/15/22.md b/1ch/15/22.md index c9fcf3cec0..4b0918fcf4 100644 --- a/1ch/15/22.md +++ b/1ch/15/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of men whom the Levites appointed to sing and play music as the people brought the ark to Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/23.md b/1ch/15/23.md index c9fcf3cec0..4b0918fcf4 100644 --- a/1ch/15/23.md +++ b/1ch/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of men whom the Levites appointed to sing and play music as the people brought the ark to Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/24.md b/1ch/15/24.md index 2acec7eba1..9f11146313 100644 --- a/1ch/15/24.md +++ b/1ch/15/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This ends the list of men whom the Levites appointed to sing and play music as the people brought the ark to Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/25.md b/1ch/15/25.md index 57311d1392..bb3ff2cf4e 100644 --- a/1ch/15/25.md +++ b/1ch/15/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the word "thousands" represents the exact amount of sol # Obed-Edom This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/26.md b/1ch/15/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/15/26.md +++ b/1ch/15/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/15/27.md b/1ch/15/27.md index 7a24c832a4..620679fd76 100644 --- a/1ch/15/27.md +++ b/1ch/15/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a cloth made from fibers of the flax plant # Kenaniah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/28.md b/1ch/15/28.md index d3099f324b..19421a8657 100644 --- a/1ch/15/28.md +++ b/1ch/15/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "all" is a generalization. Alternate translation: "So a great crow # cymbals two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 13:8](../13/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/29.md b/1ch/15/29.md index 7eb3bc3932..620d71e938 100644 --- a/1ch/15/29.md +++ b/1ch/15/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of David's wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # she despised him in her heart Here "heart" represents thoughts or emotions. Alternate translation: "she despised him" or "she hated him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/15/intro.md b/1ch/15/intro.md index 8679f6eb17..6f2167f7c0 100644 --- a/1ch/15/intro.md +++ b/1ch/15/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 1 Chronicles 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Chapters 15 and 16 explain how David organized the priests and Levites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Chapters 15 and 16 explain how David organized the priests and Levites. (See: [[ * __[1 Chronicles 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/16/01.md b/1ch/16/01.md index 700d2d9a12..e21dd4f5a1 100644 --- a/1ch/16/01.md +++ b/1ch/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" in these verses refers to the priests and Levites. # before God "to God" - diff --git a/1ch/16/02.md b/1ch/16/02.md index ac33fae144..bf33d546c9 100644 --- a/1ch/16/02.md +++ b/1ch/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metonym for David directing the priests, who performed the actual sacr # he blessed the people in the name of Yahweh To bless "in the name of Yahweh" means to bless with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/03.md b/1ch/16/03.md index 0c361a67cd..27d32c50be 100644 --- a/1ch/16/03.md +++ b/1ch/16/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David probably had those under his authority distribute the items. (See: [[rc:// # cake of raisins a baked sweet bread made with dried grapes - diff --git a/1ch/16/04.md b/1ch/16/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/16/04.md +++ b/1ch/16/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/16/05.md b/1ch/16/05.md index 5fda063f5c..9945e39737 100644 --- a/1ch/16/05.md +++ b/1ch/16/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means next to him in authority and position. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tra # cymbals These are two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 13:8](../13/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/06.md b/1ch/16/06.md index 9c8a2dbf23..d484fad26c 100644 --- a/1ch/16/06.md +++ b/1ch/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Benaiah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/07.md b/1ch/16/07.md index 0477a0b236..0b02784267 100644 --- a/1ch/16/07.md +++ b/1ch/16/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "that day" refers to the day the ark of the covenant was moved from the hou # song of thanksgiving "song of giving thanks" - diff --git a/1ch/16/08.md b/1ch/16/08.md index 80ae1cc175..f743404206 100644 --- a/1ch/16/08.md +++ b/1ch/16/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "his name" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "call on Yahweh" (See: # the nations This refers to the people in the nations. Alternate translation: "the people of the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/09.md b/1ch/16/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/16/09.md +++ b/1ch/16/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/16/10.md b/1ch/16/10.md index 3a61f5778a..7f2ac08e45 100644 --- a/1ch/16/10.md +++ b/1ch/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "his holy name" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "Boast in who Yah # let the heart of those who seek Yahweh rejoice Here "the heart" represents the person who seeks Yahweh. Alternate translation: "let the people who seek Yahweh rejoice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/11.md b/1ch/16/11.md index 542d35fae9..6d2c42293b 100644 --- a/1ch/16/11.md +++ b/1ch/16/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "seek Yahweh's strength" means to ask him to strengthen you. Alternate transl # seek his presence continually "seek to be near him always" - diff --git a/1ch/16/12.md b/1ch/16/12.md index a6d631817c..e5a02b38c7 100644 --- a/1ch/16/12.md +++ b/1ch/16/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: "done; recall his mi # decrees from his mouth Here "mouth" refers to the things that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: "decrees that he has spoken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/13.md b/1ch/16/13.md index 46a9682e23..509738474c 100644 --- a/1ch/16/13.md +++ b/1ch/16/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you descendants of Israel his servant, you people of Jacob, his chosen ones These phrases share similar meanings and are used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/14.md b/1ch/16/14.md index acfdd6e126..1d01ce11b9 100644 --- a/1ch/16/14.md +++ b/1ch/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # His decrees are on all the earth Here "all the earth" refers to all the people of the earth. Alternate translation: "His laws are for all the people of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/15.md b/1ch/16/15.md index 6a756e6fd2..06c25a95e2 100644 --- a/1ch/16/15.md +++ b/1ch/16/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to remember and think about his covenant. Alternate translation: "Rem # a thousand generations "1,000 generations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/16.md b/1ch/16/16.md index 33301c54d9..0402f64321 100644 --- a/1ch/16/16.md +++ b/1ch/16/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both "the covenant" and "the oath" refer to the same promise that Yahweh made to # his oath to Isaac This refers to the oath that he had previously made to Issac. Alternate translation: "his oath that he made to Isaac" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/17.md b/1ch/16/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/16/17.md +++ b/1ch/16/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/16/18.md b/1ch/16/18.md index 52f29802d2..cc5dce4be2 100644 --- a/1ch/16/18.md +++ b/1ch/16/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "you" and "your" in this verse refers to Israel. # the assigned portion of your inheritance "the part of your inheritance that God has assigned to you" - diff --git a/1ch/16/19.md b/1ch/16/19.md index c3560a5aa9..ba4428f579 100644 --- a/1ch/16/19.md +++ b/1ch/16/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" in this verse refers to Israel. # strangers in the land It is implied that "the land" refers to Canaan. Alternate translation: "foreigners in the land of Canaan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/20.md b/1ch/16/20.md index 63e03877ad..72959e7a8a 100644 --- a/1ch/16/20.md +++ b/1ch/16/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" in this verse refers to Israel. # from nation to nation, from one kingdom to another These two phrases have similar meanings and are used together for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/21.md b/1ch/16/21.md index 291af2bcaa..365485d2b9 100644 --- a/1ch/16/21.md +++ b/1ch/16/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "them" and "their" in this verse refers to Israel. # for their sakes "for their own well-being" - diff --git a/1ch/16/22.md b/1ch/16/22.md index 4d7cba1cf0..8da03da805 100644 --- a/1ch/16/22.md +++ b/1ch/16/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not touch my anointed ones Here "touch" means to harm. It is an exaggeration Yahweh used to strengthen his warning to not harm his people. Alternate translation: "Do not harm the people I have anointed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/23.md b/1ch/16/23.md index 4a29d8b262..880b6a60d7 100644 --- a/1ch/16/23.md +++ b/1ch/16/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated using the verb "save." Alternate # day after day "every day" - diff --git a/1ch/16/24.md b/1ch/16/24.md index 74de5babe3..32eae55ad8 100644 --- a/1ch/16/24.md +++ b/1ch/16/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Declare his glory among the nations "Tell all the people in every nation about his great glory" - diff --git a/1ch/16/25.md b/1ch/16/25.md index 7e97569079..1eaddf506f 100644 --- a/1ch/16/25.md +++ b/1ch/16/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is great. # he is to be feared above all other gods This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "fear him above all other gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/26.md b/1ch/16/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/16/26.md +++ b/1ch/16/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/16/27.md b/1ch/16/27.md index a820757f6a..70d404ce66 100644 --- a/1ch/16/27.md +++ b/1ch/16/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author speaks as if strength and joy are people who can be in Yahweh's sanct # in his place "in his temple" or "in his sanctuary" - diff --git a/1ch/16/28.md b/1ch/16/28.md index 2898507c1e..c6583acaf8 100644 --- a/1ch/16/28.md +++ b/1ch/16/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # ascribe to Yahweh glory and strength The abstract nouns "glory" and "strength" can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "praise Yahweh because he is glorious and strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/29.md b/1ch/16/29.md index 2f8b4edefe..a3cd952c69 100644 --- a/1ch/16/29.md +++ b/1ch/16/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The implied information is that the people were to bow down in worship. Alternat # in the splendor of holiness The abstract nouns "splendor" and "holiness" can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "because he is gloriously beautiful and holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/30.md b/1ch/16/30.md index 28779fa8c9..d6a2784a31 100644 --- a/1ch/16/30.md +++ b/1ch/16/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ shake because of fear # all the earth This is a metonym for all the people who live on the earth. Alternate translation: "all the people of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/31.md b/1ch/16/31.md index ab254696e8..59a9e8670c 100644 --- a/1ch/16/31.md +++ b/1ch/16/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the heavens and the earth are spoken of as if they have # let them say among the nations The people of the nations would observe what is said. Alternate translation: "let them say to the nations" - diff --git a/1ch/16/32.md b/1ch/16/32.md index 939c42f712..819f9048ef 100644 --- a/1ch/16/32.md +++ b/1ch/16/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implied information is that this refers to all the creatures living in the s # Let the fields be joyful, and all that is in them "Let the fields and all that is in them be joyful." The author speaks as if the fields and the animals that live in them have emotions like people. Alternate translation: "Let it be as if the fields themselves and all the animals that live in them are rejoicing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/33.md b/1ch/16/33.md index 077de9fa04..676f4eefdb 100644 --- a/1ch/16/33.md +++ b/1ch/16/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let the trees in the forest shout for joy This speaks about the trees as if they were people who could shout for joy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/34.md b/1ch/16/34.md index 5391ce4f5b..a9c4a4b4d6 100644 --- a/1ch/16/34.md +++ b/1ch/16/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for his covenant faithfulness endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithfully" or "faithful." Alternate translation: "for he faithfully loves us forever" or "for he is faithful to his covenant forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/35.md b/1ch/16/35.md index 0a9425117a..473c66e88a 100644 --- a/1ch/16/35.md +++ b/1ch/16/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the other nations" represents the people in those nations. Alternate trans # give thanks to your holy name Here Yahweh is referred to by his "holy name." Alternate translation: "give thanks to you" or "give thanks to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/36.md b/1ch/16/36.md index 520311d605..192e632a2f 100644 --- a/1ch/16/36.md +++ b/1ch/16/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to two extremes and means for all time. Alternate translation: "for # All the people This is a generalization that refers to the group of people assembled to worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: "The people" or "Everyone who was there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/37.md b/1ch/16/37.md index d7bf3f0514..4e73b22a4c 100644 --- a/1ch/16/37.md +++ b/1ch/16/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # as every day's work required The implied information is that they were to perform the daily duties that were given in the law of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "as was required every day by the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/38.md b/1ch/16/38.md index 8080887173..5d47d1a1aa 100644 --- a/1ch/16/38.md +++ b/1ch/16/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These were names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # sixty-eight relatives "68 relatives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/39.md b/1ch/16/39.md index 2f8e794883..50f041e3c8 100644 --- a/1ch/16/39.md +++ b/1ch/16/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to serve before the tabernacle "to serve at the tabernacle" - diff --git a/1ch/16/40.md b/1ch/16/40.md index db2fd184d5..9dcaa9a156 100644 --- a/1ch/16/40.md +++ b/1ch/16/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "They" in this verse refers to the priests. # continually morning "every day, morning" - diff --git a/1ch/16/41.md b/1ch/16/41.md index f2c144fe94..3751c69e17 100644 --- a/1ch/16/41.md +++ b/1ch/16/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" in this verse refers to the priests. # Heman ... Jeduthun These were names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/42.md b/1ch/16/42.md index a32cf4754e..0df393751a 100644 --- a/1ch/16/42.md +++ b/1ch/16/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud soun # guarded the gate The implied information is that they were to guard the entrance to the tabernacle. Alternate translation: "guarded the tabernacle gate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/16/43.md b/1ch/16/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/16/43.md +++ b/1ch/16/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/16/intro.md b/1ch/16/intro.md index 6356916580..7802bb541b 100644 --- a/1ch/16/intro.md +++ b/1ch/16/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # 1 Chronicles 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Chapters 15 and 16 tell how David organized the priests and Levites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 16:8-36. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David's psalm -#### David's psalm As David organized the priests in their work in the tent, he wrote a psalm of praise to Yahweh. ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ As David organized the priests in their work in the tent, he wrote a psalm of pr * __[1 Chronicles 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/17/01.md b/1ch/17/01.md index fb7b689a95..9eb0932a87 100644 --- a/1ch/17/01.md +++ b/1ch/17/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Cedar is a kind of tree that is known for its strength. If you have an equivalen # the ark of the covenant of Yahweh is staying under a tent Tents are temporary dwellings. If you do not have tents in your culture, you can word this differently. Alternate translation: "the ark of the covenant of Yahweh is staying in a temporary place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/02.md b/1ch/17/02.md index c94849dbc4..c61206871a 100644 --- a/1ch/17/02.md +++ b/1ch/17/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents the mind. Alternate translation: "do what you think you # God is with you Here "with you" means God is helping and blessing David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/03.md b/1ch/17/03.md index aaf38fd7c7..6c199d1a8a 100644 --- a/1ch/17/03.md +++ b/1ch/17/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of God came to Nathan, saying, The idiom "the word of God came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "God gave a message to Nathan. He said," or "God spoke this message to Nathan:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/04.md b/1ch/17/04.md index 9c6c6697b1..01c473a6d5 100644 --- a/1ch/17/04.md +++ b/1ch/17/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This has quotations within quotations. It may be necessary to translate them as # build me a house Here "house" means a temple. In [1 Chronicles 17:10](../17/10.md) Yahweh will say that he will build a house for David. There "house" means a family. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 17:10. - diff --git a/1ch/17/05.md b/1ch/17/05.md index 0e95fc8cca..3049f47ec7 100644 --- a/1ch/17/05.md +++ b/1ch/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implied information is that this refers to God bringing up Israel out of the # a tent, a tabernacle Both the words "tent" and "tabernacle" describe the same thing and emphasize that he had lived in a place that was not a permanent building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/06.md b/1ch/17/06.md index e0fbd3e1cb..ed1fa6414c 100644 --- a/1ch/17/06.md +++ b/1ch/17/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Those who are leaders of the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were shep # Why have you not built me a house of cedar? If Yahweh had asked the leaders this question, he would have been using a question to scold them for not building him a house of cedar. But, Yahweh said previously that he did not ask them this question. Alternate translation: "You should have built me a house of cedar." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/07.md b/1ch/17/07.md index 687f9831bf..60cffb688b 100644 --- a/1ch/17/07.md +++ b/1ch/17/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ David's job as a shepherd is referred to by the place he watched his sheep. Alte # pasture an area of land where animals feed on the grass. See how you translated this word in [1 Chronicles 4:39 and 4:40](../04/39.md). - diff --git a/1ch/17/08.md b/1ch/17/08.md index 49bc82ba06..68785d4b52 100644 --- a/1ch/17/08.md +++ b/1ch/17/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "name" represents a person's reputation. Alternate translation: "I will mak # the great ones The phrase "great ones" means famous persons. - diff --git a/1ch/17/09.md b/1ch/17/09.md index a9c54c398c..34fff9618d 100644 --- a/1ch/17/09.md +++ b/1ch/17/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God causing the people to live in the land permanently and securely is spoken of # be troubled no more This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will ever trouble them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/10.md b/1ch/17/10.md index b1aa1f344b..e7c8625ac3 100644 --- a/1ch/17/10.md +++ b/1ch/17/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ make a person or animal unable to attack # build you a house Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [1 Chronicles 17:4](../17/04.md) God told David he would not be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 17:4. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/11.md b/1ch/17/11.md index 5c4ff87fb1..6fa4e1dd96 100644 --- a/1ch/17/11.md +++ b/1ch/17/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The two phrases "when your days are fulfilled" and "go to your fathers" have sim # I will raise up your descendant after you God appointing David's descendant is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift him up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/12.md b/1ch/17/12.md index 28e1904441..f285ac9e45 100644 --- a/1ch/17/12.md +++ b/1ch/17/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues describing his promises to King David through the prophet Natha # I will establish his throne forever The right to rule as king is described by the place where a king sits. Alternate translation: "I will make his rule over Israel to last forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/13.md b/1ch/17/13.md index 551a5d3d7a..51821d2c79 100644 --- a/1ch/17/13.md +++ b/1ch/17/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues describing his promises to King David through the prophet Natha # I will not take my covenant faithfulness away from him, as I took it from Saul The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as "faithfully." Alternate translation: "I will never stop faithfully loving him, as I stopped loving Saul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/14.md b/1ch/17/14.md index 139dd369d8..dd5dd98118 100644 --- a/1ch/17/14.md +++ b/1ch/17/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will establish his # his throne A king's right to rule is referred to by the place a king sits. Alternate translation: "his right to rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/15.md b/1ch/17/15.md index cb7f3a250b..4027790ce4 100644 --- a/1ch/17/15.md +++ b/1ch/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all these words Here "words" represents what Yahweh said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/16.md b/1ch/17/16.md index 92e2a2e1e7..14c6ba1e3a 100644 --- a/1ch/17/16.md +++ b/1ch/17/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Who am I, Yahweh God, and what is my family, that you have brought me to this point? David asks this question to express the deep emotion he felt from hearing Yahweh's proclamation. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "My family and I are not worthy of this honor, Yahweh God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/17.md b/1ch/17/17.md index 733f3e2b33..84f638f7ae 100644 --- a/1ch/17/17.md +++ b/1ch/17/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks about time as if it were something that travels and arrives somewher # your servant Here David refers to himself as "your servant." This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/18.md b/1ch/17/18.md index 49748835e9..5df471a9dc 100644 --- a/1ch/17/18.md +++ b/1ch/17/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases have similar meanings and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[r # You have given your servant special recognition The abstract noun "recognition" can be translated using the verb "recognize." Alternate translation: "You have recognized your servant in a special way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/19.md b/1ch/17/19.md index 2ce6845090..752ecd1d8c 100644 --- a/1ch/17/19.md +++ b/1ch/17/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here David refers to himself as "your servant." This can be stated in first pers # to fulfill your own purpose "to accomplish what you planned to do" - diff --git a/1ch/17/20.md b/1ch/17/20.md index b3c941d4e8..adbd664cf3 100644 --- a/1ch/17/20.md +++ b/1ch/17/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These phrases have similar meaning and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://e # as we have always heard Here "we" refers to David and the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/21.md b/1ch/17/21.md index 11dfa7cf12..18c93b40c7 100644 --- a/1ch/17/21.md +++ b/1ch/17/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate translation: "to make all # You drove out nations Here "nations" represents the people groups that were living in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/22.md b/1ch/17/22.md index eb624dbca3..088c9ebda9 100644 --- a/1ch/17/22.md +++ b/1ch/17/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: David continues to speak to Yahweh. - diff --git a/1ch/17/23.md b/1ch/17/23.md index 11fcd892c8..e46e17043b 100644 --- a/1ch/17/23.md +++ b/1ch/17/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may you do what you p # your servant and his family David is speaking about himself in the third person. This can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: "me and my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/24.md b/1ch/17/24.md index 6838680154..5553af39d2 100644 --- a/1ch/17/24.md +++ b/1ch/17/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "house" represents family. Alternate translation: "my family" (See: [[rc:// # is established before you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "is secure because of you" or "continues because of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/25.md b/1ch/17/25.md index 002657ae24..68946387f3 100644 --- a/1ch/17/25.md +++ b/1ch/17/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers # I, your servant, have found courage The abstract noun "courage" can be expressed here as the verb "encouraged." Alternate translation: "I, your servant, am encouraged" - diff --git a/1ch/17/26.md b/1ch/17/26.md index eac98ac12e..842f8983bf 100644 --- a/1ch/17/26.md +++ b/1ch/17/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues to speak to Yahweh. # Now This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. - diff --git a/1ch/17/27.md b/1ch/17/27.md index fc7e660e22..c07f36cbe3 100644 --- a/1ch/17/27.md +++ b/1ch/17/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases have about the same meaning and are repeated here for emphasis # it will be blessed forever This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will continue to bless it forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/17/intro.md b/1ch/17/intro.md index 753901b6ec..75265ae419 100644 --- a/1ch/17/intro.md +++ b/1ch/17/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 1 Chronicles 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Building the temple -#### Building the temple David wanted to build a temple for God but God would not allow him to. Instead he promised that his son, Solomon, would build the temple and he promised David would have a descendant who would be king forever. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ David wanted to build a temple for God but God would not allow him to. Instead h * __[1 Chronicles 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/18/01.md b/1ch/18/01.md index a5c23fc613..4d8667fd13 100644 --- a/1ch/18/01.md +++ b/1ch/18/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/1ch/18/02.md b/1ch/18/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/18/02.md +++ b/1ch/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/18/03.md b/1ch/18/03.md index 3e0e08df3a..b78bb345de 100644 --- a/1ch/18/03.md +++ b/1ch/18/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a country. # was traveling to establish his rule by the Euphrates River "was going to the Euphrates river to conquer people in that area" - diff --git a/1ch/18/04.md b/1ch/18/04.md index 2779d09468..87eff93747 100644 --- a/1ch/18/04.md +++ b/1ch/18/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ to keep for a special use # a hundred chariots "100 chariots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/18/05.md b/1ch/18/05.md index c812265fe3..2e2d3e210b 100644 --- a/1ch/18/05.md +++ b/1ch/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # killed twenty-two thousand "killed 22,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/18/06.md b/1ch/18/06.md index 93870639da..3c34189c29 100644 --- a/1ch/18/06.md +++ b/1ch/18/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ groups of soldiers assigned to particular areas # Yahweh gave victory to David "Yahweh caused David to be victorious" - diff --git a/1ch/18/07.md b/1ch/18/07.md index 257de0d42c..c957015d72 100644 --- a/1ch/18/07.md +++ b/1ch/18/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was the king of Zobah. See how you translated his name in [1 Chronicles 18: # that were on Hadadezer's servants "that Hadadezar's servants carried" - diff --git a/1ch/18/08.md b/1ch/18/08.md index 07aa1e01e3..f5d6ad0380 100644 --- a/1ch/18/08.md +++ b/1ch/18/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer adds this background information to explain what would happen to this # the bronze basin called "The Sea," This a large bronze bowl, about 5 meters across, that was kept in the temple for ceremonial washing. - diff --git a/1ch/18/09.md b/1ch/18/09.md index 9c55f57f8b..0843c72f5d 100644 --- a/1ch/18/09.md +++ b/1ch/18/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hamath ... Zobah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/18/10.md b/1ch/18/10.md index 1f65a81ab6..39f174d681 100644 --- a/1ch/18/10.md +++ b/1ch/18/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # fought against "been at war with" - diff --git a/1ch/18/11.md b/1ch/18/11.md index 455f00829d..4c7f69aadc 100644 --- a/1ch/18/11.md +++ b/1ch/18/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he carried away from all the nations "David took from all the nations that he defeated" - diff --git a/1ch/18/12.md b/1ch/18/12.md index 98c6d3e6cb..546e6595df 100644 --- a/1ch/18/12.md +++ b/1ch/18/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Valley of Salt This is the name of a valley between Edom and Judah that was used as a battlefield. - diff --git a/1ch/18/13.md b/1ch/18/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/18/13.md +++ b/1ch/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/18/14.md b/1ch/18/14.md index 2c3fdfc170..b4a12c324b 100644 --- a/1ch/18/14.md +++ b/1ch/18/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he administered justice and righteousness to all his people The abstract nouns "justice" and "righteousness" can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "he did what was just and right for all his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1ch/18/15.md b/1ch/18/15.md index 6c72b1f29c..d79aad9c30 100644 --- a/1ch/18/15.md +++ b/1ch/18/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # recorder the person who writes down details of special events - diff --git a/1ch/18/16.md b/1ch/18/16.md index 49db801113..2d421e8c5a 100644 --- a/1ch/18/16.md +++ b/1ch/18/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ahimelek This spelling represents a correction of the spelling "Abimelek," which some versions follow. The corrected spelling makes this verse agree with [2 Samuel 8:17](../08/17.md). - diff --git a/1ch/18/17.md b/1ch/18/17.md index 5b451496c4..044832805b 100644 --- a/1ch/18/17.md +++ b/1ch/18/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kerethites ... Pelethites These are the names of foreign people groups who became David's bodyguards. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/18/intro.md b/1ch/18/intro.md index 9252ef584e..12a1b6ca3f 100644 --- a/1ch/18/intro.md +++ b/1ch/18/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 1 Chronicles 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David's victories -#### David's victories David conquered all kingdoms neighboring Israel. The gold, silver and bronze he received from these victories, he saved for building the temple. This may indicate that he believed that the victories were because of Yahweh and therefore the goods received in victory belonged to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ David conquered all kingdoms neighboring Israel. The gold, silver and bronze he * __[1 Chronicles 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/19/01.md b/1ch/19/01.md index bf294c7c64..614957237c 100644 --- a/1ch/19/01.md +++ b/1ch/19/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # Nahash This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/02.md b/1ch/19/02.md index 0c1f5deaa6..1e139bab17 100644 --- a/1ch/19/02.md +++ b/1ch/19/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "kindness" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: # console comfort - diff --git a/1ch/19/03.md b/1ch/19/03.md index 296cf46dc0..a707527410 100644 --- a/1ch/19/03.md +++ b/1ch/19/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The princes asked this question to turn the king against David. This question ca # Do not his servants come to you to explore and examine the land in order to overthrow it? The princes asked this question to turn the king against David. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Surely his servants come to you to explore the land in order to overthrow it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/04.md b/1ch/19/04.md index ddcf00e198..e5dad95d8e 100644 --- a/1ch/19/04.md +++ b/1ch/19/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Hanun seized Hanun did not do this personally, but ordered his men to do it. Alternate translation: "So Hanun's men seized" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/05.md b/1ch/19/05.md index 52901617af..f7c3a20ec7 100644 --- a/1ch/19/05.md +++ b/1ch/19/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to David. # then return "then return to Jerusalem" - diff --git a/1ch/19/06.md b/1ch/19/06.md index dcd26a0d34..72b44e55c7 100644 --- a/1ch/19/06.md +++ b/1ch/19/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ approximately 33 kilograms (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) # Naharaim ... Maakah ... Zobah These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/07.md b/1ch/19/07.md index 9ee4f34752..884eb27288 100644 --- a/1ch/19/07.md +++ b/1ch/19/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # thirty-two thousand chariots It is not clear if the Ammonites paid the entire thousand talents to the king of Maakah, or if they paid him only a portion of that amount and gave the rest to the other cities that sent additional chariots and horsemen. - diff --git a/1ch/19/08.md b/1ch/19/08.md index d0013cf884..e18952232f 100644 --- a/1ch/19/08.md +++ b/1ch/19/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he sent ... mighty men You may need to make explicit the purpose of sending them "he sent ... mighty men to fight against them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/09.md b/1ch/19/09.md index 9e4eeef8e0..26ae0cb698 100644 --- a/1ch/19/09.md +++ b/1ch/19/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ this refers to the Aramean kings that the Ammonites hired to help them fight Isr # by themselves in the field in the field outside the city, separate from the Ammonites - diff --git a/1ch/19/10.md b/1ch/19/10.md index 1ebf857c26..920f6a23e3 100644 --- a/1ch/19/10.md +++ b/1ch/19/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the battle lines "the enemy soldiers lined up for battle" - diff --git a/1ch/19/11.md b/1ch/19/11.md index 9591b40d18..8522d14a88 100644 --- a/1ch/19/11.md +++ b/1ch/19/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abishai This is the name of Joab's brother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/12.md b/1ch/19/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/19/12.md +++ b/1ch/19/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/19/13.md b/1ch/19/13.md index 1751b248ac..a331852c12 100644 --- a/1ch/19/13.md +++ b/1ch/19/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # what is good in his eyes Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "what he considers to be good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/14.md b/1ch/19/14.md index 97386d9993..705acf4993 100644 --- a/1ch/19/14.md +++ b/1ch/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # advanced to the battle "moved forward to the battle" or "approached the enemy soldiers in the battle" - diff --git a/1ch/19/15.md b/1ch/19/15.md index c1bf15e051..7b3aa95c83 100644 --- a/1ch/19/15.md +++ b/1ch/19/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Joab returned ... and went back to Jerusalem It does not appear that Joab and his soldiers continued to attack the Ammonites in their city. When the Ammonites went into their city, the battle ended and the Israelites returned home. - diff --git a/1ch/19/16.md b/1ch/19/16.md index 5e8d3a6149..3fc7d6857d 100644 --- a/1ch/19/16.md +++ b/1ch/19/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ What the Arameans understood is spoken of as what they saw. Alternate translatio # Shophak ... Hadadezer These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/17.md b/1ch/19/17.md index 2b677b4dfd..fde1928059 100644 --- a/1ch/19/17.md +++ b/1ch/19/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a generalization. Not every person in Israel came to fight. Alternate tr # they fought him Here "him" refers to David's soldiers, in addition to David. Alternate translation: "the Arameans fought David and his soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/18.md b/1ch/19/18.md index ac3b560ab8..d8a7ef528a 100644 --- a/1ch/19/18.md +++ b/1ch/19/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This verse continues to describe a second battle when the Arameans who fled from # killed seven thousand ... forty thousand " killed 7,000 ... 40,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/19/19.md b/1ch/19/19.md index cb25c7d214..8af9f54ba7 100644 --- a/1ch/19/19.md +++ b/1ch/19/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Israel had defeated t # they made peace with David and served him They made the peace agreement with David as the king, and served the Israelites. - diff --git a/1ch/19/intro.md b/1ch/19/intro.md index 323a79ce21..1d46da53b2 100644 --- a/1ch/19/intro.md +++ b/1ch/19/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # 1 Chronicles 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the beginning of the story about the war against the Ammonites. This story continues in the first part of the next chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Insults +### Insults The young king of Ammon insulted David when he had David's servants shaved and cut off their garments. Knowing David was going to attack him for this, he hired mercenaries from Aram to help him. Israel was able to defeat the Aramean mercenaries. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The young king of Ammon insulted David when he had David's servants shaved and c * __[1 Chronicles 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/20/01.md b/1ch/20/01.md index 70c32c12cf..7bff60b84a 100644 --- a/1ch/20/01.md +++ b/1ch/20/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "kings" is a metonym that means the kings sent their armies into battle. Jo # He went and besieged Rabbah "He" refers to the soldiers as well as Joab. Alternate translation: "Joab and his soldiers surrounded Rabbah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/20/02.md b/1ch/20/02.md index e9e4bee5a7..7cdc31a93e 100644 --- a/1ch/20/02.md +++ b/1ch/20/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "he" refers to David, but also refers to David's soldiers who helped Da # plunder valuable items taken in war - diff --git a/1ch/20/03.md b/1ch/20/03.md index db2376cefa..d9f88a9256 100644 --- a/1ch/20/03.md +++ b/1ch/20/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people are referred to by their city. Alternate translation: "David required # David and all the people returned to Jerusalem The phhrase "all the people" refers to David's army. Alternate translation: "David and his army returned to Jerusalem" - diff --git a/1ch/20/04.md b/1ch/20/04.md index 53f376d127..1e8ef6fbc3 100644 --- a/1ch/20/04.md +++ b/1ch/20/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Philistines were subdued This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they subdued the Philistines" or "they defeated the Philistines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/20/05.md b/1ch/20/05.md index 57d72984dd..99b4935c4a 100644 --- a/1ch/20/05.md +++ b/1ch/20/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a long and thin pole. # the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam A weaver's beam was a very large piece of wood used to stretch strings as the threads of a rug are weaved together around them. This means the handle of Lahmi's spear was very large. - diff --git a/1ch/20/06.md b/1ch/20/06.md index f77ad06917..cb887a7508 100644 --- a/1ch/20/06.md +++ b/1ch/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # Rapha This is the name given to a race of people who were very tall and strong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/20/07.md b/1ch/20/07.md index d84bff4ef0..76ccd54149 100644 --- a/1ch/20/07.md +++ b/1ch/20/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan ... Shimea These are names of men. - diff --git a/1ch/20/08.md b/1ch/20/08.md index fc3de7ac24..939b9897d8 100644 --- a/1ch/20/08.md +++ b/1ch/20/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David and his servants are referred to by the part of their bodies used to hold # servants You may need to make explicit that these men served David as soldiers. Alternate translation: "soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/20/intro.md b/1ch/20/intro.md index 498c384d5a..c01f96eb80 100644 --- a/1ch/20/intro.md +++ b/1ch/20/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # 1 Chronicles 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter ends the story of the war with Ammon and tells of giants being killed by David's soldiers. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "When kings normally go to war" -It was advantageous for kings to go to war in the springtime. This was possibly due to the weather being neither too hot nor too cold. +### "When kings normally go to war" -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +It was advantageous for kings to go to war in the springtime. This was possibly due to the weather being neither too hot nor too cold. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "It came about" -#### "It came about" This is a phrase used to indicate the next event in a series. It can often be translated as "after," "then" or "next." + ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/21/01.md b/1ch/21/01.md index 58b588750e..fa8e0ab479 100644 --- a/1ch/21/01.md +++ b/1ch/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings of "adversary" are 1) this refers to Satan who decided to caus # incited David to count Israel "caused David to do wrong, to count Israel." If your language has a word for getting someone to become angry and do something he knows is wrong, you should use it here. - diff --git a/1ch/21/02.md b/1ch/21/02.md index 196bcf49ca..4743010471 100644 --- a/1ch/21/02.md +++ b/1ch/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is apparent from [1 Chronicles 21:5](../21/05.md) that David wanted to count # from Beersheba to Dan The Israelites considered these two cities their most southern and most northern cities. David uses these cities to refer to all of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/03.md b/1ch/21/03.md index 044cece39a..ccf1bfc251 100644 --- a/1ch/21/03.md +++ b/1ch/21/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joab uses these three rhetorical questions to tell David that the census was a b # Why does my master want this? The word "this" refers to David's plan to count all the men of Israel. - diff --git a/1ch/21/04.md b/1ch/21/04.md index f73b789baf..122173434f 100644 --- a/1ch/21/04.md +++ b/1ch/21/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # So Joab left and went throughout all Israel It is understood from David's command in [1 Chronicles 21:2](../21/02.md) that Joab went to count the people of Israel. It can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "So Joab left and went throughout all Israel to count the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/05.md b/1ch/21/05.md index 3982fa52e2..ef2c0281c8 100644 --- a/1ch/21/05.md +++ b/1ch/21/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The soldiers in Israel are described by the action of pulling out a sword to fig # 470,000 soldiers "four hundred seventy thousand soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/06.md b/1ch/21/06.md index d52dcaffe4..7e9192fd8f 100644 --- a/1ch/21/06.md +++ b/1ch/21/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Levites were supposed to lead worship and not to fight. It is unclear why Jo # the king's command had disgusted Joab This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Joab was offended by what David had commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/07.md b/1ch/21/07.md index e9947fef8d..9e09cbb646 100644 --- a/1ch/21/07.md +++ b/1ch/21/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "this action" refers to David's plan to count all the men of Israel who are # so he attacked Israel The nature of this attack is not clear. It was apparently enough to cause David to realize that Yahweh was angry with him for counting the people. - diff --git a/1ch/21/08.md b/1ch/21/08.md index 606da2b176..eea9fdd746 100644 --- a/1ch/21/08.md +++ b/1ch/21/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Forgiveness is here spoken of as having guilt taken away. Alte # your servant's guilt David refers to himself as God's servant. Alternate translation: "my guilt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/09.md b/1ch/21/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/21/09.md +++ b/1ch/21/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/21/10.md b/1ch/21/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/21/10.md +++ b/1ch/21/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/21/11.md b/1ch/21/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/21/11.md +++ b/1ch/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/21/12.md b/1ch/21/12.md index 4cd6e06788..9ed74b64ea 100644 --- a/1ch/21/12.md +++ b/1ch/21/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the plague is spoken of as Yahweh's sword because the "sword" is a metonym # I should take to the one who sent me The one who sent him was Yahweh. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "I should take to Yahweh who sent me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/13.md b/1ch/21/13.md index 5ab2769dbe..166a7f4348 100644 --- a/1ch/21/13.md +++ b/1ch/21/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "man" is used in the generic sense of "people." # his merciful actions are very great "Yahweh is very merciful" - diff --git a/1ch/21/14.md b/1ch/21/14.md index 56de6ebb01..382ea061b5 100644 --- a/1ch/21/14.md +++ b/1ch/21/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Israel is a metonym that represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/t # seventy thousand people died "70,000 people died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/15.md b/1ch/21/15.md index c6cbc02a48..9a403e7918 100644 --- a/1ch/21/15.md +++ b/1ch/21/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that means to stop doing something. Alternate translation: "do # Ornan This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/16.md b/1ch/21/16.md index 3327831780..19d4b407f2 100644 --- a/1ch/21/16.md +++ b/1ch/21/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The angel holding a sword in his hand is a symbolic action that shows he is read # clothed in sackcloth, lay facedown on the ground These were symbols of repentance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/17.md b/1ch/21/17.md index 374a984832..91c41c05a2 100644 --- a/1ch/21/17.md +++ b/1ch/21/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ David uses this question to asks God not to punish the people. This rhetorical q # Let your hand strike me and my clan Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power to punish. Alternate translation: "Punish me and my clan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/18.md b/1ch/21/18.md index ab11260232..723abec747 100644 --- a/1ch/21/18.md +++ b/1ch/21/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a reference to elevation. This threshing floor which became the future s # Ornan See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 21:15](../21/15.md). - diff --git a/1ch/21/19.md b/1ch/21/19.md index 0b7d5e85bd..a7d668cb47 100644 --- a/1ch/21/19.md +++ b/1ch/21/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a reference to elevation. This threshing floor which became the future s # as Gad instructed him to do in the name of Yahweh Speaking "in the name of Yahweh" means speaking with his power and authority, or as his representative. Alternate translation: "as Gad, speaking for Yahweh, instructed David to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/20.md b/1ch/21/20.md index 9ab401806a..5b4e3ce732 100644 --- a/1ch/21/20.md +++ b/1ch/21/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hid themselves They were afraid of the angel. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "hid themselves because they were afraid of the angel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/21.md b/1ch/21/21.md index bb054f0596..2e0fe30a7b 100644 --- a/1ch/21/21.md +++ b/1ch/21/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with his face to the ground This phrase describes that Ornan bowed far forward. To bow before someone is a way to show humility and respect. A deeper bow shows greater humility and respect. Alternate translation: "bowed very low to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/22.md b/1ch/21/22.md index 7aaae0e117..3e681a9a0a 100644 --- a/1ch/21/22.md +++ b/1ch/21/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # full price "I will pay the full price for what this threshing floor is worth" - diff --git a/1ch/21/23.md b/1ch/21/23.md index bd836687de..5e0f654bb6 100644 --- a/1ch/21/23.md +++ b/1ch/21/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David's understanding is described as his sight. Alternate translation: "whateve # threshing sledges These are wooden sleds with rocks or metal fitted underneath, dragged by oxen over the grain on the threshing floor to separate the grain from its stalks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/24.md b/1ch/21/24.md index 896544718f..b1c57baf08 100644 --- a/1ch/21/24.md +++ b/1ch/21/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # full price See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 21:22](../21/22.md). - diff --git a/1ch/21/25.md b/1ch/21/25.md index 60453294c7..a117b156be 100644 --- a/1ch/21/25.md +++ b/1ch/21/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bm # for the place "to buy the threshing floor" - diff --git a/1ch/21/26.md b/1ch/21/26.md index fed1c9c88d..b64d042e1f 100644 --- a/1ch/21/26.md +++ b/1ch/21/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who answered him with fire from heaven on the altar for burnt offerings "who answered him by sending fire from heaven to the alter where David would offer the burnt offerings" - diff --git a/1ch/21/27.md b/1ch/21/27.md index b173b34ce4..19bf13aaf4 100644 --- a/1ch/21/27.md +++ b/1ch/21/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel putting his sword back in the sheath is a symbolic action to show that # sheath cover for a sword or knife - diff --git a/1ch/21/28.md b/1ch/21/28.md index d4d70aedd1..0513c58ef5 100644 --- a/1ch/21/28.md +++ b/1ch/21/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ornan Translate his name as in [1 Chronicles 21:15](../21/15.md). - diff --git a/1ch/21/29.md b/1ch/21/29.md index 7a46c3e566..f9cfbc3f84 100644 --- a/1ch/21/29.md +++ b/1ch/21/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now at that time Verses 29-30 are background information to explain why David offered this sacrifice at the threshing floor instead of on the altar at the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/30.md b/1ch/21/30.md index b0cc1a31e2..ec39e34e01 100644 --- a/1ch/21/30.md +++ b/1ch/21/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Verses 29-30 are background information to explain why David offered this sacrif # afraid of the sword of the angel of Yahweh Here "sword" represents being killed by the angel of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "afraid he would be killed by the angel of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/21/intro.md b/1ch/21/intro.md index ee7b0738e3..0507d3977b 100644 --- a/1ch/21/intro.md +++ b/1ch/21/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 1 Chronicles 21 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -#### Trust To trust in one's own power instead of God's protection is a sin. David had been trusting God to protect him, but now he counted the men of military age so he could know the strength of his army. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ To trust in one's own power instead of God's protection is a sin. David had been * __[1 Chronicles 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/22/01.md b/1ch/22/01.md index bb7b446c27..e5d6bc45b8 100644 --- a/1ch/22/01.md +++ b/1ch/22/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is where "This threshing floor is where" - diff --git a/1ch/22/02.md b/1ch/22/02.md index 333d9f7835..9b5128a5af 100644 --- a/1ch/22/02.md +++ b/1ch/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stonecutters persons who gathered large stones and cut them to the correct size so builders could use the rocks in walls and buildings - diff --git a/1ch/22/03.md b/1ch/22/03.md index 5f5c21a3b1..9300554c6a 100644 --- a/1ch/22/03.md +++ b/1ch/22/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ items that connect two things together. "clamps" or "hinges" # more bronze than could be weighed This is an exaggeration to show that there was a very large quantity of bronze. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so much bronze that no one could weigh it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/04.md b/1ch/22/04.md index 5cd10d2a54..e009b2c6be 100644 --- a/1ch/22/04.md +++ b/1ch/22/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an exaggeration to show that there was a very large number of cedar tree # The Sidonians and the Tyrians brought too many cedar logs to David to count This is background information to explain who provided so many logs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/05.md b/1ch/22/05.md index 209d40b2d3..b3a10e5578 100644 --- a/1ch/22/05.md +++ b/1ch/22/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "lands" refers to the people who lived there. Alternate translatio # prepare for its building "prepare to build it" - diff --git a/1ch/22/06.md b/1ch/22/06.md index 1480d68d57..b489be6c4f 100644 --- a/1ch/22/06.md +++ b/1ch/22/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # commanded him to build The readers should understand that David intended for laborers to do the actual work. Alternate translation: "commanded him to oversee the building of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/07.md b/1ch/22/07.md index 05db7824de..c6047e5f5a 100644 --- a/1ch/22/07.md +++ b/1ch/22/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The reflexive "myself" means that David originally planned to build the temple. # for the name of Yahweh my God Here "name" represents God's honor. Alternate translation: "in order to honor Yahweh my God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/08.md b/1ch/22/08.md index 3dc89cc5fd..6ce05bd333 100644 --- a/1ch/22/08.md +++ b/1ch/22/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" represents God's honor. Alternate translation: "to honor me" (See: [ # you have shed ... in my sight Here "sight" refers to what God has seen. Alternate translation: "I have seen that you have shed much blood on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/09.md b/1ch/22/09.md index 073ee3bfcf..d0ff655a6e 100644 --- a/1ch/22/09.md +++ b/1ch/22/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The name "Solomon" sounds like the Hebrew word for "peace." This can be made exp # in his days "while he rules" - diff --git a/1ch/22/10.md b/1ch/22/10.md index a63f562887..efc114131f 100644 --- a/1ch/22/10.md +++ b/1ch/22/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God will treat Solomon as if he were God's own son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # I will establish the throne of his kingdom over Israel forever Here "throne" refers to the authority to rule as king. Alternate translation: "I will make his descendants rule over Israel forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/11.md b/1ch/22/11.md index 8642d08adb..8a013ca6b5 100644 --- a/1ch/22/11.md +++ b/1ch/22/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David uses this word to introduce something important he is about to say. # May you build Solomon would not personally do the building, but he would direct others to do it. Alternate translation: "May you direct people to build" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/12.md b/1ch/22/12.md index fbf3707864..7786d12a86 100644 --- a/1ch/22/12.md +++ b/1ch/22/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues speaking to Solomon. # when he places you in charge over Israel "when he makes you king of Israel" - diff --git a/1ch/22/13.md b/1ch/22/13.md index ee25806552..6fd4968f06 100644 --- a/1ch/22/13.md +++ b/1ch/22/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues speaking to Solomon. # Be strong and courageous ... Do not fear or be discouraged These two sentences mean the same thing, stated in different ways in order to emphasize that Solomon should not be afraid. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/14.md b/1ch/22/14.md index 3bc2b8e379..bd6075f04f 100644 --- a/1ch/22/14.md +++ b/1ch/22/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ about 33 kilograms (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) # You must add more to all this "You will need to increase that amount" - diff --git a/1ch/22/15.md b/1ch/22/15.md index 58536af69a..a7cb044222 100644 --- a/1ch/22/15.md +++ b/1ch/22/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ persons who work with wood # skillful craftsmen without number of every kind Here "without number" is an exaggeration to emphasize that there were a large number of them. Alternate translation: "a very large number of every kind of skillful craftsmen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/16.md b/1ch/22/16.md index 68c413398c..b980cb7a76 100644 --- a/1ch/22/16.md +++ b/1ch/22/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David finishes speaking to Solomon. # may Yahweh be with you This is an idiom that implies that Yahweh will help Solomon be successful in the project. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/17.md b/1ch/22/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/22/17.md +++ b/1ch/22/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/22/18.md b/1ch/22/18.md index 9a237169ea..55a0ba7483 100644 --- a/1ch/22/18.md +++ b/1ch/22/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to power to defeat his enemies. Alternate translation: "He ha # The region is subdued before Yahweh and his people This can be stated in active form. "The other nations no longer attack Yahweh and his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/19.md b/1ch/22/19.md index a46ea890a3..27a3c31c11 100644 --- a/1ch/22/19.md +++ b/1ch/22/19.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ It is understood that Solomon will not do the work personally, but he will direc # the house built for Yahweh's name Here "name" refers to honor. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the temple you will build to honor Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/22/intro.md b/1ch/22/intro.md index d4a56b9e82..b1867f35e7 100644 --- a/1ch/22/intro.md +++ b/1ch/22/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Chronicles 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins a new section lasting for the remainder of the book. David begins preparing the things needed for building the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Solomon -#### Solomon In addition to preparing for the construction of the temple by gathering supplies, David also prepares his son, Solomon, to build the temple. David instructs Solomon to obey God. This is what is most necessary. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ In addition to preparing for the construction of the temple by gathering supplie * __[1 Chronicles 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/23/01.md b/1ch/23/01.md index 72370c0fbe..c379a5ce76 100644 --- a/1ch/23/01.md +++ b/1ch/23/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: David appoints Solomon as his successor and organizes Levitical priests and staff for temple service. - diff --git a/1ch/23/02.md b/1ch/23/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/23/02.md +++ b/1ch/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/23/03.md b/1ch/23/03.md index 400fa407a9..5b408d72c0 100644 --- a/1ch/23/03.md +++ b/1ch/23/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Some of David's men c # they numbered thirty-eight thousand "there were 38,000 of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/04.md b/1ch/23/04.md index b487f5020b..22e31bde82 100644 --- a/1ch/23/04.md +++ b/1ch/23/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These Levites listened to legal arguments and administered justice according to # four thousand "4,000 Levites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/05.md b/1ch/23/05.md index ecc78bac1b..6fc9953ec6 100644 --- a/1ch/23/05.md +++ b/1ch/23/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gatekeepers These Levites guarded the temple entrance so no person who was ceremonially unclean entered. - diff --git a/1ch/23/06.md b/1ch/23/06.md index b63bb64e40..5d323b3264 100644 --- a/1ch/23/06.md +++ b/1ch/23/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Gershon, Kohath, and Merari These are names of Levi's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/07.md b/1ch/23/07.md index c54db404ca..b0859d0e08 100644 --- a/1ch/23/07.md +++ b/1ch/23/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/08.md b/1ch/23/08.md index 0f68d3ec81..cbdf470170 100644 --- a/1ch/23/08.md +++ b/1ch/23/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/09.md b/1ch/23/09.md index 0f68d3ec81..cbdf470170 100644 --- a/1ch/23/09.md +++ b/1ch/23/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/10.md b/1ch/23/10.md index 0f68d3ec81..cbdf470170 100644 --- a/1ch/23/10.md +++ b/1ch/23/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/11.md b/1ch/23/11.md index 6f5708128c..7bc8578605 100644 --- a/1ch/23/11.md +++ b/1ch/23/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "son" is understood. Also, "second" is in ordinal form. Alternate trans # so they were considered as one clan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so David considered them to be one clan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/12.md b/1ch/23/12.md index a1a885510b..71662b054d 100644 --- a/1ch/23/12.md +++ b/1ch/23/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # There were four of Kohath's sons "Kohath had 4 sons" - diff --git a/1ch/23/13.md b/1ch/23/13.md index cbc09a45d3..feedb9bef6 100644 --- a/1ch/23/13.md +++ b/1ch/23/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh chose Aaron to # to give blessings in his name forever Here "in his name" refers to the authority to speak as his representative. Alternate translation: "to bless the people as representatives of God forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/14.md b/1ch/23/14.md index 16723317c7..6f39b65577 100644 --- a/1ch/23/14.md +++ b/1ch/23/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his descendants were counted with the tribe of Levi The sons of Aaron were the most important Levite clan, but the sons of Moses were also considered to be Levites. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people considered Moses's sons to be part of the Levite clan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/15.md b/1ch/23/15.md index 0f68d3ec81..cbdf470170 100644 --- a/1ch/23/15.md +++ b/1ch/23/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/16.md b/1ch/23/16.md index 0f68d3ec81..cbdf470170 100644 --- a/1ch/23/16.md +++ b/1ch/23/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/17.md b/1ch/23/17.md index 0f68d3ec81..cbdf470170 100644 --- a/1ch/23/17.md +++ b/1ch/23/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/18.md b/1ch/23/18.md index 0f68d3ec81..cbdf470170 100644 --- a/1ch/23/18.md +++ b/1ch/23/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/19.md b/1ch/23/19.md index 98e172aecd..c1b6818c9b 100644 --- a/1ch/23/19.md +++ b/1ch/23/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # the oldest ... the second ... the third ... the fourth The word "son" is understood. Also, these numbers are in ordinal form. Alternate translation: "the oldest son ... the second son ... the third son ... the fourth son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/20.md b/1ch/23/20.md index 01e2f5634d..f48d936d1f 100644 --- a/1ch/23/20.md +++ b/1ch/23/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # the oldest ... the second The word "son" is understood. Also, "second" is in ordinal form. Alternate translation: "the oldest son ... the second son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/21.md b/1ch/23/21.md index 0f68d3ec81..cbdf470170 100644 --- a/1ch/23/21.md +++ b/1ch/23/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/22.md b/1ch/23/22.md index 0f68d3ec81..cbdf470170 100644 --- a/1ch/23/22.md +++ b/1ch/23/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/23.md b/1ch/23/23.md index 76f4b5e6f1..8600b08d6b 100644 --- a/1ch/23/23.md +++ b/1ch/23/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This ends the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/24.md b/1ch/23/24.md index b7d9c01845..3b23251fe8 100644 --- a/1ch/23/24.md +++ b/1ch/23/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "These were the names # from twenty years old and upward "from 20 years old and older" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/25.md b/1ch/23/25.md index 72b4d3c913..80a1900367 100644 --- a/1ch/23/25.md +++ b/1ch/23/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "rest" refers to peace with surrounding nations. See how you translated a s # He makes his home in Jerusalem forever Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will be present in Jerusalem forever or 2) Yahweh's temple will be present in Jerusalem forever. - diff --git a/1ch/23/26.md b/1ch/23/26.md index a44ff1cf7a..5533c22613 100644 --- a/1ch/23/26.md +++ b/1ch/23/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the equipment used in its service This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all the equipment they used in its service" - diff --git a/1ch/23/27.md b/1ch/23/27.md index cff012dc9f..5a42818663 100644 --- a/1ch/23/27.md +++ b/1ch/23/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For David's last comm # from twenty years old and upward "who were 20 years old and older." See how you translated this phrase in [1 Chronicles 23:24](../23/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/23/28.md b/1ch/23/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/23/28.md +++ b/1ch/23/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/23/29.md b/1ch/23/29.md index fa1a19fa56..81276eedcc 100644 --- a/1ch/23/29.md +++ b/1ch/23/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See the Translation Word page about "bread" for the specific definition of "brea # flour grain that is ground into a powder - diff --git a/1ch/23/30.md b/1ch/23/30.md index d0e3a43f7d..2b1268149a 100644 --- a/1ch/23/30.md +++ b/1ch/23/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They also stood "The Levites also stood at the temple" - diff --git a/1ch/23/31.md b/1ch/23/31.md index 98d18e35fb..0786118ab5 100644 --- a/1ch/23/31.md +++ b/1ch/23/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These holidays marked the beginning of each new month. # A fixed number, assigned by decree, always had to be present before Yahweh "A specific number of the Levites were always assigned to be present at the temple to make offerings to Yahweh" - diff --git a/1ch/23/32.md b/1ch/23/32.md index 5ae4e37432..684548ae83 100644 --- a/1ch/23/32.md +++ b/1ch/23/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They were in charge of "The Levites were responsible for" - diff --git a/1ch/23/intro.md b/1ch/23/intro.md index 0cc91e7819..00c823afcf 100644 --- a/1ch/23/intro.md +++ b/1ch/23/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Chronicles 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The preparation for the construction of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Organizing the Levites -#### Organizing the Levites As priests, the Levites had a significant role in the construction of the temple. David organized the Levites according to their families and explained what each group was to do. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ As priests, the Levites had a significant role in the construction of the temple * __[1 Chronicles 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/24/01.md b/1ch/24/01.md index 255a26630c..8e2f9401fe 100644 --- a/1ch/24/01.md +++ b/1ch/24/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This chapter describes how the Levites in the previous chapter were divided into # Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar Translate the names of these men as in [1 Chronicles 6:3](../06/03.md). - diff --git a/1ch/24/02.md b/1ch/24/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/24/02.md +++ b/1ch/24/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/24/03.md b/1ch/24/03.md index 7a86bea513..c5129b684d 100644 --- a/1ch/24/03.md +++ b/1ch/24/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # divided them into groups "divided the descendants of Eleazar and Ithamar into groups" - diff --git a/1ch/24/04.md b/1ch/24/04.md index c00aa68dd0..29ce90a2bd 100644 --- a/1ch/24/04.md +++ b/1ch/24/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heads" is a metaphor for the more important people—the leaders of the cl # These divisions were eight in number, corresponding to their clans "There were 8 divisions based on the clans of Ithamar's descendants" - diff --git a/1ch/24/05.md b/1ch/24/05.md index 75bf84cb54..e11d6ff986 100644 --- a/1ch/24/05.md +++ b/1ch/24/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They divided them impartially by lot "They divided them by lot so that the divisions would be fair" - diff --git a/1ch/24/06.md b/1ch/24/06.md index 4e6af104ac..c7cdb6c4a7 100644 --- a/1ch/24/06.md +++ b/1ch/24/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 18:16](../18/16.md). # One clan was drawn by lot from Eleazar's descendants, and then the next would be drawn from Ithamar's descendants This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They chose one by lot from Eleazar's descendants, then they would choose by lot one from Ithamar's descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/07.md b/1ch/24/07.md index 9f9bd5f373..f5c0b5b958 100644 --- a/1ch/24/07.md +++ b/1ch/24/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the names of these men in [1 Chronicles 9:10](../09/10.md # the second This refers to the second lot. The word "lot" may be supplied here. Alternate translation: "the second lot" or "lot number 2" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/08.md b/1ch/24/08.md index 47d8925fd7..5588c6b858 100644 --- a/1ch/24/08.md +++ b/1ch/24/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the third and fourth lots. The word "lot" may be supplied here. A # Harim ... Seorim These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/09.md b/1ch/24/09.md index 57babbb1b9..fba84bd19c 100644 --- a/1ch/24/09.md +++ b/1ch/24/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the fifth and sixth lots. The word "lot" may be supplied here. Al # Malkijah ... Mijamin These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/10.md b/1ch/24/10.md index 0ff4a4a50f..1fdf07b389 100644 --- a/1ch/24/10.md +++ b/1ch/24/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the seventh and eighth lots. The word "lot" may be supplied here. # Hakkoz ... Abijah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/11.md b/1ch/24/11.md index 706e307a67..4ace1ec9b1 100644 --- a/1ch/24/11.md +++ b/1ch/24/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the ninth and tenth lots. The word "lot" may be supplied here. Al # Jeshua ... Shekaniah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/12.md b/1ch/24/12.md index cbf511d856..03de95022d 100644 --- a/1ch/24/12.md +++ b/1ch/24/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the eleventh and twelfth lots. The word "lot" may be supplied her # Eliashib ... Jakim These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/13.md b/1ch/24/13.md index 904b3d1495..d037d6af25 100644 --- a/1ch/24/13.md +++ b/1ch/24/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the thirteenth and fourteenth lots. The word "lot" may be supplie # Huppah ... Jeshebeab These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/14.md b/1ch/24/14.md index 3793557d04..5a1a90d5eb 100644 --- a/1ch/24/14.md +++ b/1ch/24/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the fifteenth and sixteenth lots. The word "lot" may be supplied # Bilgah ... Immer These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/15.md b/1ch/24/15.md index aa6bfe24f2..2df6568447 100644 --- a/1ch/24/15.md +++ b/1ch/24/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the seventeenth and eighteenth lots. The word "lot" may be suppli # Hezir ... Happizzez These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/16.md b/1ch/24/16.md index 234ac5318a..e017541ecd 100644 --- a/1ch/24/16.md +++ b/1ch/24/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the nineteenth and twentieth lots. The word "lot" may be supplied # Pethahiah ... Jehezkel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/17.md b/1ch/24/17.md index 9f88cab2b4..c51571da66 100644 --- a/1ch/24/17.md +++ b/1ch/24/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the twenty-first and twenty-second lots. The word "lot" may be su # Jakin ... Gamul These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/18.md b/1ch/24/18.md index 3199058f0d..5e5dfa09bf 100644 --- a/1ch/24/18.md +++ b/1ch/24/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the twenty-third and twenty-fourth lots. The word "lot" may be su # Delaiah ... Maaziah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/19.md b/1ch/24/19.md index f491d3822b..7eca0ad8b3 100644 --- a/1ch/24/19.md +++ b/1ch/24/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # following the ordinance given to them by Aaron their ancestor This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "following the rules that Aaron their ancestor gave them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/20.md b/1ch/24/20.md index fee9173ef2..a0d0bffe8d 100644 --- a/1ch/24/20.md +++ b/1ch/24/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 6:3](../06/03.md). # Shubael See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 23:16](../23/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/24/21.md b/1ch/24/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/24/21.md +++ b/1ch/24/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/24/22.md b/1ch/24/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/24/22.md +++ b/1ch/24/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/24/23.md b/1ch/24/23.md index 976e1ff9b9..48258b2409 100644 --- a/1ch/24/23.md +++ b/1ch/24/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the names of these men as in [1 Chronicles 23:19](../23/19.md). # the second ... the third ... the fourth "the second son ... the third son ... the fourth son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/24.md b/1ch/24/24.md index 742308c009..0be04df136 100644 --- a/1ch/24/24.md +++ b/1ch/24/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the names of these men as in [1 Chronicles 23:20](../23/20.md). # Shamir This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/25.md b/1ch/24/25.md index f9038d1031..cfdb943d40 100644 --- a/1ch/24/25.md +++ b/1ch/24/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as in [1 Chronicles 23:20](../23/20.md). # Zechariah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/26.md b/1ch/24/26.md index 1a6c21849e..603daa156a 100644 --- a/1ch/24/26.md +++ b/1ch/24/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # from the son of Jaaziah: Beno It seems Jaaziah is another son of Merari. And, Beno is the son of Jaaziah. Beno is mentioned in both verses 26 and 27 because he is a leader in his family. However, some Bibles translate "Beno" as "his son" rather than as a proper name. Those Bibles read like this: "and from his sons, Jaaziah, his son." - diff --git a/1ch/24/27.md b/1ch/24/27.md index e0c96f7efd..b869159ed1 100644 --- a/1ch/24/27.md +++ b/1ch/24/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # from Jaaziah: Beno, Shoham It seems Jaaziah is another son of Merari. And, Beno is the son of Jaaziah. Beno is mentioned in both verses 26 and 27 because he is a leader in his family. However, some Bibles translate "Beno" as "his son" rather than as a proper name. Those Bibles read like this: "from Jaaziah, his son: Shoham." - diff --git a/1ch/24/28.md b/1ch/24/28.md index 4c0191ff88..2f060e92b4 100644 --- a/1ch/24/28.md +++ b/1ch/24/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mahli ... Eleazar Translate the names of these men as in [1 Chronicles 23:21](../23/21.md). - diff --git a/1ch/24/29.md b/1ch/24/29.md index 14206978e8..21898cffae 100644 --- a/1ch/24/29.md +++ b/1ch/24/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as in [1 Chronicles 23:21](../23/21.md). # Jerahmeel This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/30.md b/1ch/24/30.md index c79f3cc6fd..8fba98279f 100644 --- a/1ch/24/30.md +++ b/1ch/24/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as in [1 Chronicles 23:21](../23/21.md). # Mahli ... Eder ... Jerimoth These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/24/31.md b/1ch/24/31.md index 79cc95ca83..7ec510f384 100644 --- a/1ch/24/31.md +++ b/1ch/24/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahimelek Translate the name of this man as in [1 Chronicles 18:16](../18/16.md). - diff --git a/1ch/24/intro.md b/1ch/24/intro.md index 2218c08658..76d97b764c 100644 --- a/1ch/24/intro.md +++ b/1ch/24/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Chronicles 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Arranging the priests -#### Arranging the priests David arranged for the order in which priests would be on duty. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ David arranged for the order in which priests would be on duty. (See: [[rc://en/ * __[1 Chronicles 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/25/01.md b/1ch/25/01.md index 0ac22ab920..56770e580e 100644 --- a/1ch/25/01.md +++ b/1ch/25/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud # Heman ... Jeduthun Translate the names of these men the same as you did in [1 Chronicles 16:41](../16/41.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/02.md b/1ch/25/02.md index 0226f5d0d2..3e5066ba6b 100644 --- a/1ch/25/02.md +++ b/1ch/25/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # under the direction of "under the supervision of" - diff --git a/1ch/25/03.md b/1ch/25/03.md index bef2864f9a..28d76bf415 100644 --- a/1ch/25/03.md +++ b/1ch/25/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of leaders of the tabernacle service that was started in # Gedaliah ... Zeri ... Jeshaiah ... Shimei ... Hashabiah ... Mattithiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/04.md b/1ch/25/04.md index 51985d5d3e..0da3d72e90 100644 --- a/1ch/25/04.md +++ b/1ch/25/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 16:41](../16/41.md). (Se # Bukkiah ... Mattaniah ... Uzziel ... Shubael ... Jerimoth ... Hananiah ... Hanani ... Eliathah ... Giddalti ... Romamti-Ezer ... Joshbekashah ... Mallothi ... Hothir ... Mahazioth These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/05.md b/1ch/25/05.md index c4d64b3f26..f174482a9b 100644 --- a/1ch/25/05.md +++ b/1ch/25/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to lift up his horn An animal horn is a symbol of strength or authority. To lift up someone's horn is a metaphor for honoring him. Alternate translation: "to honor Heman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/06.md b/1ch/25/06.md index b5823c841e..38be828ab6 100644 --- a/1ch/25/06.md +++ b/1ch/25/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud # Jeduthun ... Heman Translate the names of these men the same as you did in [1 Chronicles 16:41](../16/41.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/07.md b/1ch/25/07.md index 9c9718de92..4e103e7357 100644 --- a/1ch/25/07.md +++ b/1ch/25/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # numbered 288 "were two hundred and eighty-eight men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/08.md b/1ch/25/08.md index 65ddc64639..bccd32c245 100644 --- a/1ch/25/08.md +++ b/1ch/25/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all alike, the same for the young as well as the old, the teacher as well as the student This refers to all of the men by describing the extremes. Alternate translation: "all of them, including the young men and the old men, the teachers and the students" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/09.md b/1ch/25/09.md index 50c065957f..33bb80ed62 100644 --- a/1ch/25/09.md +++ b/1ch/25/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 25:3](../25/03.md). (See # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/10.md b/1ch/25/10.md index e77ac58ef0..b6a2289a46 100644 --- a/1ch/25/10.md +++ b/1ch/25/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 25:2](../25/02.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/11.md b/1ch/25/11.md index 6ab44c9b28..92b6a3e0e3 100644 --- a/1ch/25/11.md +++ b/1ch/25/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This name of this man is spelled Zeri in [1 Chronicles 25:3](../25/03.md). (See: # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/12.md b/1ch/25/12.md index aa1117c52f..a052560656 100644 --- a/1ch/25/12.md +++ b/1ch/25/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 25:2](../25/02.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/13.md b/1ch/25/13.md index 890ac66bce..ce5a1dbcc8 100644 --- a/1ch/25/13.md +++ b/1ch/25/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/14.md b/1ch/25/14.md index 980fbe87c4..28ec74d9f0 100644 --- a/1ch/25/14.md +++ b/1ch/25/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/15.md b/1ch/25/15.md index 40f4dcd40d..c3cf443913 100644 --- a/1ch/25/15.md +++ b/1ch/25/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 25:3](../25/03.md). (See # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/16.md b/1ch/25/16.md index 63160a613d..eb9b625058 100644 --- a/1ch/25/16.md +++ b/1ch/25/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/17.md b/1ch/25/17.md index 7b036e05e1..c66d41bcb9 100644 --- a/1ch/25/17.md +++ b/1ch/25/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 25:3](../25/03.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/18.md b/1ch/25/18.md index 473aba97d2..600d9ef8c8 100644 --- a/1ch/25/18.md +++ b/1ch/25/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/19.md b/1ch/25/19.md index 3428f7a9c7..21f686a1e5 100644 --- a/1ch/25/19.md +++ b/1ch/25/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 25:3](../25/03.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/20.md b/1ch/25/20.md index 0848c9ba60..71f4fb6e8b 100644 --- a/1ch/25/20.md +++ b/1ch/25/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). (See # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/21.md b/1ch/25/21.md index 08528923f6..6e2f3a933e 100644 --- a/1ch/25/21.md +++ b/1ch/25/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 25:3](../25/03.md). (See # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/22.md b/1ch/25/22.md index 4ea0af65e6..687c5660fb 100644 --- a/1ch/25/22.md +++ b/1ch/25/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/23.md b/1ch/25/23.md index 86c7275863..97fe5278b8 100644 --- a/1ch/25/23.md +++ b/1ch/25/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/24.md b/1ch/25/24.md index f32c5a958a..94e2509928 100644 --- a/1ch/25/24.md +++ b/1ch/25/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/25.md b/1ch/25/25.md index 39f1c2bf6f..d35215304d 100644 --- a/1ch/25/25.md +++ b/1ch/25/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/26.md b/1ch/25/26.md index 293373b0c6..6a8f5a6fb9 100644 --- a/1ch/25/26.md +++ b/1ch/25/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/27.md b/1ch/25/27.md index 34167203aa..e845b3a7e0 100644 --- a/1ch/25/27.md +++ b/1ch/25/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/28.md b/1ch/25/28.md index 7c60763d0a..8cbe1c6c41 100644 --- a/1ch/25/28.md +++ b/1ch/25/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/04.md). # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/29.md b/1ch/25/29.md index dfd347686c..a2cae09957 100644 --- a/1ch/25/29.md +++ b/1ch/25/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this man the same as you did in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/ # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/30.md b/1ch/25/30.md index b30ef39639..4bd580324f 100644 --- a/1ch/25/30.md +++ b/1ch/25/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this man the same as you did in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/ # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/31.md b/1ch/25/31.md index a839bbdf0b..86d6a86e13 100644 --- a/1ch/25/31.md +++ b/1ch/25/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this man the same as you did in [1 Chronicles 25:4](../25/ # twelve persons in number "12 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/25/intro.md b/1ch/25/intro.md index 37adfd9822..d67fc3ceb9 100644 --- a/1ch/25/intro.md +++ b/1ch/25/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 1 Chronicles 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Music -The 24 groups who were chosen to play music in the temple cast lots to see in what order they would serve. +### Music + +The 24 groups who were chosen to play music in the temple cast lots to see in what order they would serve. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/26/01.md b/1ch/26/01.md index a2286b7e6f..c68db7e4af 100644 --- a/1ch/26/01.md +++ b/1ch/26/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 9:19](../09/19.md). # Asaph This is an alternative spelling to "Ebiasaph" in [1 Chronicles 9:19](../09/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/02.md b/1ch/26/02.md index 702f8bac47..a29edba521 100644 --- a/1ch/26/02.md +++ b/1ch/26/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the second ... the third ... the fourth This shows the order in which the sons were born. If it is more natural in your language, you may say "the next" for each son. The word "son" may be supplied here. Alternate translation: "the second son ... the third son ... the fourth son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/03.md b/1ch/26/03.md index e1a36ae95e..74917337a9 100644 --- a/1ch/26/03.md +++ b/1ch/26/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the fifth ... the sixth ... the seventh This shows the order in which the sons were born. If it is more natural in your language, you may say "the next" for each son. The word "son" may be supplied here. Alternate translation: "the fifth son ... the sixth son ... the seventh son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/04.md b/1ch/26/04.md index b955a16bde..04c308f076 100644 --- a/1ch/26/04.md +++ b/1ch/26/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the second ... the third ... the fourth ... the fifth This shows the order in which the sons were born. If it is more natural in your language, you may say "the next" for each son. The word "son" may be supplied here. Alternate translation: "the second son ... the third son ... the fourth son ... the fifth son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/05.md b/1ch/26/05.md index 88d81b76f4..adb163cb6c 100644 --- a/1ch/26/05.md +++ b/1ch/26/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the sixth ... the seventh ... the eighth This shows the order in which the sons were born. If it is more natural in your language, you may say "the next" for each son. The word "son" may be supplied here. Alternate translation: "the sixth son ... the seventh son ... the eighth son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/06.md b/1ch/26/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/26/06.md +++ b/1ch/26/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/26/07.md b/1ch/26/07.md index e6afae37f0..0ffd6af6e4 100644 --- a/1ch/26/07.md +++ b/1ch/26/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # His relatives "Shemaiah's relatives" or "Shemaiah's family members" - diff --git a/1ch/26/08.md b/1ch/26/08.md index 3aada9816d..9700227d69 100644 --- a/1ch/26/08.md +++ b/1ch/26/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 26:4](../26/04.md). ( # sixty-two of them "62 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/09.md b/1ch/26/09.md index c5a8bb0d7a..6a313710a3 100644 --- a/1ch/26/09.md +++ b/1ch/26/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 26:1](../26/01.md). ( # eighteen in all "18 total" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/10.md b/1ch/26/10.md index 2c8839b96a..326876c2c7 100644 --- a/1ch/26/10.md +++ b/1ch/26/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of gatekeepers that started in [1 Chronicles 26:1](../26 # Hosah ... Merari ... Shimri These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/11.md b/1ch/26/11.md index a2da50ac29..d73cc07679 100644 --- a/1ch/26/11.md +++ b/1ch/26/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This shows the order in which the sons were born. If it is more natural in your # All of Hosah's sons and kinsmen were thirteen in number "There were 13 of Hosah's sons and kinsmen." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/12.md b/1ch/26/12.md index 866b6281c0..6645662b16 100644 --- a/1ch/26/12.md +++ b/1ch/26/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # divisions groups - diff --git a/1ch/26/13.md b/1ch/26/13.md index 566923874d..76c47a443c 100644 --- a/1ch/26/13.md +++ b/1ch/26/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # both young and old This refers to all of the men by describing the extremes. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Chronicles 25:8](../25/08.md). Alternate translation: "all of them, including the young men and the old men" or "men of all ages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/14.md b/1ch/26/14.md index e130700d6c..8014fc2d97 100644 --- a/1ch/26/14.md +++ b/1ch/26/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 26:2](../26/02.md). (See # a prudent advisor This is a person who shows good judgment in making decisions. - diff --git a/1ch/26/15.md b/1ch/26/15.md index 174369f665..443b14d791 100644 --- a/1ch/26/15.md +++ b/1ch/26/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Obed-Edom was respons # Obed-Edom See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 26:4](../26/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/16.md b/1ch/26/16.md index 37efbf1b88..ee2fee8cb6 100644 --- a/1ch/26/16.md +++ b/1ch/26/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 26:10](../26/10.md). (Se # Shalleketh This is the name of the gate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/17.md b/1ch/26/17.md index 9d74df48f6..6cc635fd68 100644 --- a/1ch/26/17.md +++ b/1ch/26/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the number of men on guard duty. Alternate translation: "four men # two pairs "2 pairs of men" or "2 sets of 2 men each" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/18.md b/1ch/26/18.md index 2e2d67bf8e..fbb3deaeb2 100644 --- a/1ch/26/18.md +++ b/1ch/26/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The numbers "four" and "two" refer to guards. Alternate translation: "four Levit # two at the pillar "two Levites guarded the pillar" - diff --git a/1ch/26/19.md b/1ch/26/19.md index 8622fd2c7d..b5df4459f4 100644 --- a/1ch/26/19.md +++ b/1ch/26/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Merari See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 26:10](../26/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/20.md b/1ch/26/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/26/20.md +++ b/1ch/26/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/26/21.md b/1ch/26/21.md index 4e9689cf53..11d26af8cd 100644 --- a/1ch/26/21.md +++ b/1ch/26/21.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ Ladan's descendants were also descendants of Ladan's ancestor Gershon, so the in A descendant of Gershon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jehieli -This is the name of a man. This is the same person as in [1 Chronicles 23:8](../23/08.md), but there his name is spelled "Jehiel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +This is the name of a man. This is the same person as in [1 Chronicles 23:8](../23/08.md), but there his name is spelled "Jehiel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/26/22.md b/1ch/26/22.md index 3d5702f55a..930204877f 100644 --- a/1ch/26/22.md +++ b/1ch/26/22.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ Zetham and Joel were Jehieli's sons. # Jehieli + This is the name of a man. This is the same person as in [1 Chronicles 23:8](../23/08.md), but there his name is spelled "Jehiel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Zetham ... Joel @@ -10,5 +11,5 @@ This is the name of a man. This is the same person as in [1 Chronicles 23:8](../ Translate the names of these men the same as you did in [1 Chronicles 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # They were in charge -The word "They" refers to Jehieli, Zetham, and Joel. +The word "They" refers to Jehieli, Zetham, and Joel. diff --git a/1ch/26/23.md b/1ch/26/23.md index 4d7d93161e..3ba58f3bd5 100644 --- a/1ch/26/23.md +++ b/1ch/26/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amram ... Izhar ... Hebron ... Uzziel Translate the names of these men the same as you did in [1 Chronicles 23:12](../23/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/24.md b/1ch/26/24.md index fede67bcdd..11307418e8 100644 --- a/1ch/26/24.md +++ b/1ch/26/24.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 23:16](../23/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Gershom -Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 23:15](../23/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 23:15](../23/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/26/25.md b/1ch/26/25.md index 4d95b2a20c..8224ac821b 100644 --- a/1ch/26/25.md +++ b/1ch/26/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Eliezer + Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 23:15](../23/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # His relatives from the clan of Eliezer @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this man as you did in [1 Chronicles 23:17](../23/17.md). # Jeshaiah ... Joram ... Zikri ... Shelomith These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/26.md b/1ch/26/26.md index b408d66e06..580c0a9dc6 100644 --- a/1ch/26/26.md +++ b/1ch/26/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "were in charge of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # commanders over thousands and hundreds Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders led. Alternate translation: "the commanders over 1,000 soldiers and the commanders over 100 soldiers" or 2) the words translated as "thousands" and "hundreds" do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: "the commanders over large military divisions and the commanders over smaller military divisions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/27.md b/1ch/26/27.md index c0c7d496e5..f76a6afa37 100644 --- a/1ch/26/27.md +++ b/1ch/26/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plunder things an army takes from its enemies after a victory - diff --git a/1ch/26/28.md b/1ch/26/28.md index 4bda5ceb7f..a7bf557b4b 100644 --- a/1ch/26/28.md +++ b/1ch/26/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Everything that was set apart This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Everything that the leaders set apart" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/29.md b/1ch/26/29.md index 60ddc61b73..1e74dbdaaf 100644 --- a/1ch/26/29.md +++ b/1ch/26/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this man the same as you did in [1 Chronicles 23:12](../23 # Kenaniah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/30.md b/1ch/26/30.md index d1517ce58b..1b8aa6bfe3 100644 --- a/1ch/26/30.md +++ b/1ch/26/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Yahweh's work and the king's work "work done for Yahweh and the king." - diff --git a/1ch/26/31.md b/1ch/26/31.md index 37d9749d9f..793f1a007f 100644 --- a/1ch/26/31.md +++ b/1ch/26/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 23:19](../23/19.md). (Se # Jazer This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/32.md b/1ch/26/32.md index 86a57091f5..f496d693a2 100644 --- a/1ch/26/32.md +++ b/1ch/26/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 2,700 relatives "two thousand seven hundred family members" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/26/intro.md b/1ch/26/intro.md index c25bf046d7..871bacca8c 100644 --- a/1ch/26/intro.md +++ b/1ch/26/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Chronicles 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Casting lots -#### Casting lots The gatekeepers cast lots to see which gate they would guard. Those who took care of the storage also cast lots. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The gatekeepers cast lots to see which gate they would guard. Those who took car * __[1 Chronicles 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/27/01.md b/1ch/27/01.md index 51d576cff0..c68f376565 100644 --- a/1ch/27/01.md +++ b/1ch/27/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This means that each division took turns serving periods of a month at a time. # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/02.md b/1ch/27/02.md index 6261933f75..2aedf48e62 100644 --- a/1ch/27/02.md +++ b/1ch/27/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/03.md b/1ch/27/03.md index dbc2824819..322c875327 100644 --- a/1ch/27/03.md +++ b/1ch/27/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Perez This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/04.md b/1ch/27/04.md index 11750ad9da..656a3331ab 100644 --- a/1ch/27/04.md +++ b/1ch/27/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 8:4](../08/04.md). (See: # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/05.md b/1ch/27/05.md index 0f8ea22bef..aae2cb7a08 100644 --- a/1ch/27/05.md +++ b/1ch/27/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 11:22](../11/22.md). (Se # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/06.md b/1ch/27/06.md index 698b558863..07dc9333c8 100644 --- a/1ch/27/06.md +++ b/1ch/27/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # over the thirty This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "in charge of the 30 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/07.md b/1ch/27/07.md index e606c11cde..fb7b0f629d 100644 --- a/1ch/27/07.md +++ b/1ch/27/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/08.md b/1ch/27/08.md index 5e2f259323..6ae9092b7f 100644 --- a/1ch/27/08.md +++ b/1ch/27/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/09.md b/1ch/27/09.md index 918a3f0c57..2fb7aa7a25 100644 --- a/1ch/27/09.md +++ b/1ch/27/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/10.md b/1ch/27/10.md index 209865737e..f9cccff427 100644 --- a/1ch/27/10.md +++ b/1ch/27/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man and the name of his clan in [1 Chron # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/11.md b/1ch/27/11.md index 490c9b21a3..09fefa73de 100644 --- a/1ch/27/11.md +++ b/1ch/27/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [1 Chronicles 2:4](../02/04.md). (See: # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/12.md b/1ch/27/12.md index 068dd1af39..4c0666812e 100644 --- a/1ch/27/12.md +++ b/1ch/27/12.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ "month 9." This is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part November and the first part December on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) # Abiezer the Anathothite + See how you translated the name of this man and the name of his clan [1 Chronicles 11:28](../11/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/13.md b/1ch/27/13.md index 1d48199929..fdf70297e2 100644 --- a/1ch/27/13.md +++ b/1ch/27/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 2:4](../02/04.md). # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/14.md b/1ch/27/14.md index 8b5cbefb1e..0e8a375c39 100644 --- a/1ch/27/14.md +++ b/1ch/27/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/15.md b/1ch/27/15.md index 45ec28e789..1296d540b7 100644 --- a/1ch/27/15.md +++ b/1ch/27/15.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Netophah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) + # twenty-four thousand men "24,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/16.md b/1ch/27/16.md index 74005fc962..bfc5866acf 100644 --- a/1ch/27/16.md +++ b/1ch/27/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliezer ... Zichri ... Shephatiah ... Maakah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/17.md b/1ch/27/17.md index 7ec1464adc..9e364b1419 100644 --- a/1ch/27/17.md +++ b/1ch/27/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Zadok See how you translated the hame of this man in [1 Chronicles 6:8](../06/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/18.md b/1ch/27/18.md index 61a1c90f77..823e3e20dc 100644 --- a/1ch/27/18.md +++ b/1ch/27/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 12:20](../12/20.md) # Michael See how you translated the name of this man in [1 Chronicles 7:3](../07/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/19.md b/1ch/27/19.md index ae737a4dee..81cc71e595 100644 --- a/1ch/27/19.md +++ b/1ch/27/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ishmaiah ... Obadiah ... Jerimoth ... Azriel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/20.md b/1ch/27/20.md index af961918fa..d5eeb69d7f 100644 --- a/1ch/27/20.md +++ b/1ch/27/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hoshea ... Azaziah ... Joel ... Pedaiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/21.md b/1ch/27/21.md index 8c689d9039..2936448aa6 100644 --- a/1ch/27/21.md +++ b/1ch/27/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Iddo ... Zechariah ... Jaasiel ... Abner These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/22.md b/1ch/27/22.md index 319106cce0..4d6c7958f2 100644 --- a/1ch/27/22.md +++ b/1ch/27/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Azarel ... Jeroham These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/23.md b/1ch/27/23.md index 148a07e5df..c97516e6a9 100644 --- a/1ch/27/23.md +++ b/1ch/27/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the number of people in Israel increasing as if they would become # increase Israel Here "Israel" represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: "increase the population of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/24.md b/1ch/27/24.md index e4033c39be..ddfaa45f61 100644 --- a/1ch/27/24.md +++ b/1ch/27/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of God punishing the people as if his "wrath" were something that fe # This number was not written down This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one wrote this number down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/25.md b/1ch/27/25.md index 4d9607ae55..1cc3903625 100644 --- a/1ch/27/25.md +++ b/1ch/27/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "was in charge of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # fortified towers "strong towers" - diff --git a/1ch/27/26.md b/1ch/27/26.md index 1e473269ea..fa151a1a05 100644 --- a/1ch/27/26.md +++ b/1ch/27/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # plowed the land This means to dig into or break up the dirt before planting. - diff --git a/1ch/27/27.md b/1ch/27/27.md index ee7c77b7d0..813711e313 100644 --- a/1ch/27/27.md +++ b/1ch/27/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a person from the city of Shepham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # wine cellars These are the parts of a building that are below the ground and used to store wine. - diff --git a/1ch/27/28.md b/1ch/27/28.md index aed618a256..69f36cf05f 100644 --- a/1ch/27/28.md +++ b/1ch/27/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Geder This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/29.md b/1ch/27/29.md index b67ca4dc5f..e0895c2e78 100644 --- a/1ch/27/29.md +++ b/1ch/27/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # that were pastured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that ate grass in the fields" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/30.md b/1ch/27/30.md index c762ab0169..e1a4e8c09b 100644 --- a/1ch/27/30.md +++ b/1ch/27/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Translate the name of this people group as you did in [1 Chronicles 5:10](../05/ # Meronoth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/31.md b/1ch/27/31.md index 4859a2bb6f..28a475ebd1 100644 --- a/1ch/27/31.md +++ b/1ch/27/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this people group as you did in [1 Chronicles 5:10](../05/ # All these officials "All of these men" - diff --git a/1ch/27/32.md b/1ch/27/32.md index 7ab3606749..033f46f51a 100644 --- a/1ch/27/32.md +++ b/1ch/27/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan ... Jehiel ... Hakmoni These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/33.md b/1ch/27/33.md index a73531906d..0dd0fd86e6 100644 --- a/1ch/27/33.md +++ b/1ch/27/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Arkite This is the name of a tribe or clan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/34.md b/1ch/27/34.md index b94f74aa8c..72b5aeb6df 100644 --- a/1ch/27/34.md +++ b/1ch/27/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahithophel ... Jehoiada These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/27/intro.md b/1ch/27/intro.md index 2aef7f8499..4b08c2581b 100644 --- a/1ch/27/intro.md +++ b/1ch/27/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 1 Chronicles 27 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dic * __[1 Chronicles 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/28/01.md b/1ch/28/01.md index 361ec7209d..07a48e1181 100644 --- a/1ch/28/01.md +++ b/1ch/28/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "over" is used here as an idiom. Alternate translation: "the managers i # property and possessions These two words share similar meanings and refer to all of the items and lands that the king owned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/02.md b/1ch/28/02.md index 32e6d14a62..67057c4f49 100644 --- a/1ch/28/02.md +++ b/1ch/28/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that David and the people # the ark of the covenant of Yahweh; a footstool for our God The second phrase defines the first phrase. The "ark of the covenant" is spoke of as Yahweh's footstool to picture God on his throne, with his feet resting on his footstool, which represents all that is in submission to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/03.md b/1ch/28/03.md index 2ed6c710b2..ae07f8b4f6 100644 --- a/1ch/28/03.md +++ b/1ch/28/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here God refers to himself by his "name." Alternate translation: "a temple for m # have shed blood This refers to killing people. Alternate translation: "have killed people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/04.md b/1ch/28/04.md index a784a3c953..95bb31e55c 100644 --- a/1ch/28/04.md +++ b/1ch/28/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ One possible meaning is that here David is a metonym for David and his descendan # all Israel "the whole land of Israel" or "all the Israelites" - diff --git a/1ch/28/05.md b/1ch/28/05.md index 6b343c48af..bd7c920479 100644 --- a/1ch/28/05.md +++ b/1ch/28/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "to sit on the throne" means to rule as king. Alternate translation: "to ru # the kingdom of Yahweh, over Israel "Israel, which is Yahweh's kingdom" - diff --git a/1ch/28/06.md b/1ch/28/06.md index 7b9712dce1..b40ef66886 100644 --- a/1ch/28/06.md +++ b/1ch/28/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" refers to the temple of Yahweh. # I have chosen him to be my son, and I will be his Father This does not mean that Solomon becomes an actual son of God, but it describes the personal relationship that he and God will have. Alternate translation: "I have chosen to treat him like a son, and I will be like a father to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/07.md b/1ch/28/07.md index 6744a1cb90..6c74d6d822 100644 --- a/1ch/28/07.md +++ b/1ch/28/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two words basically mean the same thing and refer to everything that Yahwe # as you are this day The word "you" here refers to David. Also, the understood word "committed" may be supplied. Alternate translation: "as you are committed this day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/08.md b/1ch/28/08.md index 3fcb0b23f3..97f1d2700f 100644 --- a/1ch/28/08.md +++ b/1ch/28/08.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The phrase "to carry out" means basically the same thing as "keep." Together the # your descendants after you forever This means that the land will belong to their descendants in the future. The phrase "after you" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "your children and your descendants, who will take your place after you die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/09.md b/1ch/28/09.md index fb5655b21a..8ad7f06d10 100644 --- a/1ch/28/09.md +++ b/1ch/28/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here people's "hearts" represent their feelings and desires. Alternate translati # If you seek him, he will be found by you This can be written in active form. Also, this speaks of following Yahweh and having him listen to you as searching for him and finding him. Alternate translation: "If you seek him, you will find him" or "If you try to get Yahweh to pay attention to you, he will do so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/10.md b/1ch/28/10.md index a636cf88f7..9b292f720e 100644 --- a/1ch/28/10.md +++ b/1ch/28/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David continues speaking to Solomon. # Be strong and do it The word "strong" here refers to willpower and strength of character. - diff --git a/1ch/28/11.md b/1ch/28/11.md index 592a83e89a..5306d21749 100644 --- a/1ch/28/11.md +++ b/1ch/28/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer begins a list of the items for which David gave Solomon the plans.The # temple portico "temple porch" or "temple entrance." This refers to the columns that supported the roof at the entrance of the temple. - diff --git a/1ch/28/12.md b/1ch/28/12.md index 5794a0cd4a..491e6a0e25 100644 --- a/1ch/28/12.md +++ b/1ch/28/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues the list, which begins in [1 Chronicles 28:11](./11.md), of # treasuries storerooms for valuable things - diff --git a/1ch/28/13.md b/1ch/28/13.md index 107fd6a108..7785374ef0 100644 --- a/1ch/28/13.md +++ b/1ch/28/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were specific rules about how the priests and Levites should work in the t # divisions of the priests and Levites "groups of the priests and Levites." This refers to the groups in which the priests and other temple workers were organized to fulfill their duties. - diff --git a/1ch/28/14.md b/1ch/28/14.md index 52c8bd6728..8026b6aabc 100644 --- a/1ch/28/14.md +++ b/1ch/28/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer continues the list, which begins in [1 Chronicles 28:11](./11.md), of the items for which David gave Solomon the plans. The verb "gave" in verse 11 is the only verb in the entire list in Hebrew. The ULB adds verbs in this and other verses to make translation easier. - diff --git a/1ch/28/15.md b/1ch/28/15.md index 89015cf975..4d971a3e77 100644 --- a/1ch/28/15.md +++ b/1ch/28/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues the list, which begins in [1 Chronicles 28:11](./11.md), of # according to the use of each lampstand in the service "determined by what each lampstand would be used for in the service in the temple." There would be silver lampstands of different weights for different purposes. - diff --git a/1ch/28/16.md b/1ch/28/16.md index 623b98aa81..0d4cf2a96c 100644 --- a/1ch/28/16.md +++ b/1ch/28/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues the list, which begins in [1 Chronicles 28:11](./11.md), of # for every table The understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: "the weight of the gold for every other table" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/17.md b/1ch/28/17.md index 52c8bd6728..8026b6aabc 100644 --- a/1ch/28/17.md +++ b/1ch/28/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer continues the list, which begins in [1 Chronicles 28:11](./11.md), of the items for which David gave Solomon the plans. The verb "gave" in verse 11 is the only verb in the entire list in Hebrew. The ULB adds verbs in this and other verses to make translation easier. - diff --git a/1ch/28/18.md b/1ch/28/18.md index e309980ba0..8611713b57 100644 --- a/1ch/28/18.md +++ b/1ch/28/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer ends the list that begins in [1 Chronicles 28:11](./11.md) of the items for which David gave Solomon the plans. The verb "gave" in verse 11 translates the only verb in the entire list in Hebrew. The ULB adds verbs in this and other verses to make translation easier. - diff --git a/1ch/28/19.md b/1ch/28/19.md index 8d64911f38..bdf81cb679 100644 --- a/1ch/28/19.md +++ b/1ch/28/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I wrote all of this down" (See: [[rc:/ # gave me to understand regarding the design This refers to the detail for the design of the temple. Alternate translation: "helped me to understand the details for his temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/20.md b/1ch/28/20.md index 98f59642c9..5f1fbba7bc 100644 --- a/1ch/28/20.md +++ b/1ch/28/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "will help you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # He will not leave you nor abandon you These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh will always be with Solomon. Also, this can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "He will always be with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ch/28/21.md b/1ch/28/21.md index eb9aba5825..b1014f71a2 100644 --- a/1ch/28/21.md +++ b/1ch/28/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David finishes speaking to Solomon. # the divisions of the priests and Levites See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 28:13](../28/13.md). - diff --git a/1ch/28/intro.md b/1ch/28/intro.md index e772d7a2a2..c4cb3b7c57 100644 --- a/1ch/28/intro.md +++ b/1ch/28/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 1 Chronicles 28 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. David lectured the people and Solomon on what they should do. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### David's instructions -David gives instructions to the people because he knows that he will not be there when the temple is built. It was common in the ancient Near East for leaders to give instructions to people before they die in preparation or anticipation of their death. +### David's instructions + +David gives instructions to the people because he knows that he will not be there when the temple is built. It was common in the ancient Near East for leaders to give instructions to people before they die in preparation or anticipation of their death. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ch/29/01.md b/1ch/29/01.md index 23a36e0c44..f43539e5df 100644 --- a/1ch/29/01.md +++ b/1ch/29/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whom alone God has chosen "the one whom God has chosen" - diff --git a/1ch/29/02.md b/1ch/29/02.md index 9f65a70a1b..43c1e5cb7c 100644 --- a/1ch/29/02.md +++ b/1ch/29/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "stones for the crafts # inlaid work This refers to the beautiful and decorative designs or patterns formed by the stones. - diff --git a/1ch/29/03.md b/1ch/29/03.md index e1749c6c61..211dde79d6 100644 --- a/1ch/29/03.md +++ b/1ch/29/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: David continues talking to the people about his provisions for the building of the temple. - diff --git a/1ch/29/04.md b/1ch/29/04.md index b1eb0cac8c..c1097cd155 100644 --- a/1ch/29/04.md +++ b/1ch/29/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was the best quality and most valuable gold. # seven thousand talents "7,000 talents." This can be stated in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "about 230,000 kilograms" or "230 metric tons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/05.md b/1ch/29/05.md index fa15412652..ade06fd5c3 100644 --- a/1ch/29/05.md +++ b/1ch/29/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "gold for the craftsme # give himself to him "give himself to God" - diff --git a/1ch/29/06.md b/1ch/29/06.md index c77f6151b0..3baf5485e9 100644 --- a/1ch/29/06.md +++ b/1ch/29/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers th # the officials over the king's work Here the word "over" is used as an idiom. Alternate translation: "the officials in charge of the king's work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/07.md b/1ch/29/07.md index c1cb515a4d..ba3b8dad58 100644 --- a/1ch/29/07.md +++ b/1ch/29/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 100,000 talents "one hundred thousand talents" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/08.md b/1ch/29/08.md index b1ff128502..aac6de4e30 100644 --- a/1ch/29/08.md +++ b/1ch/29/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [1 Chronicles 23:8](../23/08.md). (S # Gershon This was the firstborn son of Levi. See how you translated these men's names in [1 Chronicles 23:7](../23/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/09.md b/1ch/29/09.md index 6760401407..6c2a2f6afb 100644 --- a/1ch/29/09.md +++ b/1ch/29/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wholeheartedly willingly and without any doubt or hesitation - diff --git a/1ch/29/10.md b/1ch/29/10.md index 4697e0e446..2f9a30333f 100644 --- a/1ch/29/10.md +++ b/1ch/29/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May people praise you # Israel our ancestor Here "Israel" refers to the man Jacob. Alternate translation: "Jacob our ancestor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/11.md b/1ch/29/11.md index 37628d8488..111f833d21 100644 --- a/1ch/29/11.md +++ b/1ch/29/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: David continues his prayer of praise to Yahweh. - diff --git a/1ch/29/12.md b/1ch/29/12.md index cd5c05eb30..8d80304ef0 100644 --- a/1ch/29/12.md +++ b/1ch/29/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh having control over whether people are powerful or not as # power and might The words "power" and "might" mean the same thing and emphasize the greatness of Yahweh's power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/13.md b/1ch/29/13.md index 2a4828ff68..4b06284ebf 100644 --- a/1ch/29/13.md +++ b/1ch/29/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues his prayer of praise to Yahweh. # your glorious name Here Yahweh is represented by his name. Alternate translation: "you who are glorious" or "you because you are glorious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/14.md b/1ch/29/14.md index e6bacca2a7..fd06a33740 100644 --- a/1ch/29/14.md +++ b/1ch/29/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues his prayer of praise to Yahweh. # But who am I, and who are my people, that we should have the ability to offer so willingly these things? David uses this rhetorical question to express that he and his people deserve no praise for giving anything to God. Alternate translation: "My people and I should definitely offer these things to you willingly!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/15.md b/1ch/29/15.md index c8e69c068a..bb963530a5 100644 --- a/1ch/29/15.md +++ b/1ch/29/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of people's lives being short as if they were tenants only here on e # Our days on the earth are like a shadow This speaks of people's lives being short as if they were a shadow that is only visible for a short time. A person's lifetime is represented by his "days." Alternate translation: "Our time here on earth is like a shadow that disappears quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/16.md b/1ch/29/16.md index 37628d8488..111f833d21 100644 --- a/1ch/29/16.md +++ b/1ch/29/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: David continues his prayer of praise to Yahweh. - diff --git a/1ch/29/17.md b/1ch/29/17.md index a8f6f9004a..149a9b7915 100644 --- a/1ch/29/17.md +++ b/1ch/29/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the "heart" represents a person's thoughts and feelings. Alternate translat # I look with joy as "I am joyful as I see" - diff --git a/1ch/29/18.md b/1ch/29/18.md index ba0a40dc52..6f5b918d23 100644 --- a/1ch/29/18.md +++ b/1ch/29/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David continues his prayer of praise to Yahweh. # Direct their hearts toward you Here the people's "hearts" represent their thoughts and desires. Alternate translation: "Direct them to be loyal to you" or "Keep them loyal to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/19.md b/1ch/29/19.md index 0b00cf397b..223e43cddd 100644 --- a/1ch/29/19.md +++ b/1ch/29/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David finishes his prayer of praise to Yahweh. # a whole heart The word "heart" here is a metonym for a person's intentions or desires. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 13:8](../13/08.md). Alternate translation: "firm intentions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/20.md b/1ch/29/20.md index 53ca030d5f..99555eeb9f 100644 --- a/1ch/29/20.md +++ b/1ch/29/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bowed down and showed honor to Yahweh and to the king This refers to lying down on the ground before someone to show great respect. Alternate translation: "lay down on the ground to show respect to Yahweh and the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/21.md b/1ch/29/21.md index a8a1fd39dc..a268ab6bfc 100644 --- a/1ch/29/21.md +++ b/1ch/29/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people offered animals to be sacrificed to Yahweh by the priests. Most of th # a thousand bulls, a thousand rams, and a thousand lambs "1,000 bulls, 1,000 rams, and 1,000 lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/22.md b/1ch/29/22.md index ed2f083d17..5830ab511e 100644 --- a/1ch/29/22.md +++ b/1ch/29/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that they anointed him and declared him as king. The first time is de # anointed him with Yahweh's authority to be ruler To do something with "Yahweh's authority" means to do it on his behalf and with his approval. Alternate translation: "anointed him to rule over Israel on Yahweh's behalf" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/23.md b/1ch/29/23.md index dead531468..28ba27ddeb 100644 --- a/1ch/29/23.md +++ b/1ch/29/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Solomon sat on Yahweh's throne as king in place of David his father Here the throne of Israel is referred to as "Yahweh's throne," to emphasize that the people of Israel are Yahweh's people. Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate translation: "So Solomon sat on the throne, in place of his father David, as king over Yahweh's people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/24.md b/1ch/29/24.md index e9aebe1727..481c7f6a24 100644 --- a/1ch/29/24.md +++ b/1ch/29/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gave allegiance to King Solomon "told King Solomon that they would be faithful to him" - diff --git a/1ch/29/25.md b/1ch/29/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/29/25.md +++ b/1ch/29/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/29/26.md b/1ch/29/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ch/29/26.md +++ b/1ch/29/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ch/29/27.md b/1ch/29/27.md index 17cd900479..521259a13e 100644 --- a/1ch/29/27.md +++ b/1ch/29/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # forty years ... thirty-three years "40 years ... 33 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/28.md b/1ch/29/28.md index dba2bc612d..5e9c2447a9 100644 --- a/1ch/29/28.md +++ b/1ch/29/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at a good old age "as an old man" - diff --git a/1ch/29/29.md b/1ch/29/29.md index b756b2f6e3..226ddf56f0 100644 --- a/1ch/29/29.md +++ b/1ch/29/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # written in the chronicles of Samuel the seer, ... and in the chronicles of Gad the seer These are written accounts that no longer exist. - diff --git a/1ch/29/30.md b/1ch/29/30.md index e642b3a56e..55a56d073f 100644 --- a/1ch/29/30.md +++ b/1ch/29/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "There men wrote down # the events that affected him, Israel, and all the kingdoms of the other lands "all the things that happened to him and to the people of Israel and in the kingdoms of other countries while he was ruling Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ch/29/intro.md b/1ch/29/intro.md index 5206d8e979..996ce5ff16 100644 --- a/1ch/29/intro.md +++ b/1ch/29/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 1 Chronicles 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The preparation for the temple is finished in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Offering -David and the people made a free will offering and dedicated it all to God. +### Offering + +David and the people made a free will offering and dedicated it all to God. ## Links: * __[1 Chronicles 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/1ch/front/intro.md b/1ch/front/intro.md index 87224564cf..8267bdbdd1 100644 --- a/1ch/front/intro.md +++ b/1ch/front/intro.md @@ -5,14 +5,17 @@ ### Outline of 1 Chronicles 1. Lists of descendants (1:1-9:44) - - From Adam to Jacob (1:1–2:2) - - Jacob's descendants (2:2–9:44) + + - From Adam to Jacob (1:1–2:2) + - Jacob's descendants (2:2–9:44) + 1. Saul dies and David begins to reign (10:1-29:30) - - Saul dies (10:1–14) - - David captures Jerusalem (11:1-9) - - David's mighty men (11:10–12:40) - - David prospers (13:1–22:1) - - David prepares for Solomon to build the temple (22:2–29:30) + + - Saul dies (10:1–14) + - David captures Jerusalem (11:1-9) + - David's mighty men (11:10–12:40) + - David prospers (13:1–22:1) + - David prepares for Solomon to build the temple (22:2–29:30) ### What are the Books of 1 and 2 Chronicles about? @@ -34,11 +37,11 @@ The books of Chronicles and the books of Kings tell much of the same history, bu ### Why did God punish the people of Israel? -God punished the people of Israel because they disobeyed him and worshiped false gods. God punished them with disease, disasters, and defeat in battle. However, God forgave them and caused them to prosper again if they repented and obeyed him. The writers of 1 and 2 Chronicles continually reminded the readers that God punished his people because they disobeyed. They wanted the readers to understand that they must obey God. +God punished the people of Israel because they disobeyed him and worshiped false gods. God punished them with disease, disasters, and defeat in battle. However, God forgave them and caused them to prosper again if they repented and obeyed him. The writers of 1 and 2 Chronicles continually reminded the readers that God punished his people because they disobeyed. They wanted the readers to understand that they must obey God. ### Why are alliances with foreign countries seen as evil in these books? -Yahweh led and protected the nation of Israel. The people of Israel should have trusted him instead of relying on other nations to protect them. +Yahweh led and protected the nation of Israel. The people of Israel should have trusted him instead of relying on other nations to protect them. ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues @@ -53,4 +56,3 @@ The writers of 1 and 2 Chronicles often wrote about "seeking God." To "seek God" ### What does the phrase "to this day" mean? The writers used the phrase "to this day" to refer to the time when they were writing. The translator should be aware that "to this day" refers to a time already passed. The translator might decide to say, "to this day, at the time when this is being written," or, "to this day, at the time of writing." This Hebrew phrase occurs in 1 Chronicles 4:41, 43; 5:26; 13:11; 20:26; 21:10; 35:25. - diff --git a/1co/01/01.md b/1co/01/01.md index 3395f1dcdb..05b9d326ff 100644 --- a/1co/01/01.md +++ b/1co/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. A # Sosthenes our brother This indicates that both Paul and the Corinthians knew Sosthenes. Alternate translation: "Sosthenes, the brother you and I know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/02.md b/1co/01/02.md index cebfa9f0e4..474fcc83d9 100644 --- a/1co/01/02.md +++ b/1co/01/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "name" here is a metonym for person of Jesus Christ. Alternate translat # their Lord and ours The word "ours" includes Paul's audience. Jesus is the Lord of Paul and the Corinthians and all the churches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/03.md b/1co/01/03.md index 15ce4a8dfd..bd57c93cc8 100644 --- a/1co/01/03.md +++ b/1co/01/03.md @@ -2,4 +2,3 @@ Paul and Sosthenes wrote this letter to the Christians who belonged to the church in Corinth. Unless otherwise noted, such words as "you" and "your" refer to Paul's audience and so are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/04.md b/1co/01/04.md index cf7ad59173..62db63327c 100644 --- a/1co/01/04.md +++ b/1co/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul describes the believers' position and fellowship in Christ as they wait for # because of the grace of God that Christ Jesus gave to you Paul speaks of grace as though it were a physical object that Jesus gives Christians as a gift. Alternate translation: "because Christ Jesus has made it possible for God to be kind to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/05.md b/1co/01/05.md index e9ecfcec3e..39a5ab4c6f 100644 --- a/1co/01/05.md +++ b/1co/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God has enabled you to tell others about God's message in many ways. # all knowledge God has enabled you to understand God's message in many ways. - diff --git a/1co/01/06.md b/1co/01/06.md index 63e4c64a94..8aaeb9f78a 100644 --- a/1co/01/06.md +++ b/1co/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the testimony about Christ has been confirmed as true among you Possible meanings are 1) "you saw for yourselves that what we had said about Christ was true" or 2) "other people learned from seeing how you now live that what we and you say about Christ is true." - diff --git a/1co/01/07.md b/1co/01/07.md index b269b08b50..e2545bd7fb 100644 --- a/1co/01/07.md +++ b/1co/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "you have every spir # the revelation of our Lord Jesus Christ Possible meanings are 1) "the time when God will reveal the Lord Jesus Christ" or 2) "the time when our Lord Jesus Christ will reveal himself." - diff --git a/1co/01/08.md b/1co/01/08.md index bf9589fac5..6f11e949a6 100644 --- a/1co/01/08.md +++ b/1co/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will be blameless There will be no reason for God to condemn you. - diff --git a/1co/01/09.md b/1co/01/09.md index cb67176e56..2ceb2cf30f 100644 --- a/1co/01/09.md +++ b/1co/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/10.md b/1co/01/10.md index 279f704912..0b15bbab03 100644 --- a/1co/01/10.md +++ b/1co/01/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. # be joined together with the same mind and by the same purpose "live in unity, agree with other, and work together to accomplish the same things" - diff --git a/1co/01/11.md b/1co/01/11.md index e693449675..15c96dc89b 100644 --- a/1co/01/11.md +++ b/1co/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to family members, servants, and others who are part of the househol # there are factions among you "you are in groups that quarrel one with another" - diff --git a/1co/01/12.md b/1co/01/12.md index 58e40b6dbb..b8f97251e8 100644 --- a/1co/01/12.md +++ b/1co/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Each one of you says Paul is expressing a general attitude of division. - diff --git a/1co/01/13.md b/1co/01/13.md index 0b30f97c1a..8e3c27b4d1 100644 --- a/1co/01/13.md +++ b/1co/01/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul used a question to emphasize that we all are baptized into the name of Chri # into the name of Paul "In the name of" here is a metonym for "by the authority of." Alternate translation: "by Paul's authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/14.md b/1co/01/14.md index 288cfd3cfd..3d725c102e 100644 --- a/1co/01/14.md +++ b/1co/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He was a synagogue ruler who became a Christian. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tran # Gaius He traveled with the Apostle Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/15.md b/1co/01/15.md index 5cf6dc24ed..2fa5450dd3 100644 --- a/1co/01/15.md +++ b/1co/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was so that no one would say that you were baptized into my name Here "name" represents "authority." This means Paul did not baptize others because they may claim that they became Paul's disciples. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For some of you might have claimed that I baptized you to make you my disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/16.md b/1co/01/16.md index f6d210f1f3..370c54445b 100644 --- a/1co/01/16.md +++ b/1co/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the household of Stephanas This refers to the family members and slaves in the house where Stephanas, a man, was the head. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/17.md b/1co/01/17.md index ea0d61aed0..184ca75111 100644 --- a/1co/01/17.md +++ b/1co/01/17.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ This means that baptism was not the primary goal of Paul's ministry. # not with clever speech, in order that the cross of Christ would not be emptied of its power The phrase "in order ... would not" can be stated in positive form, and "be emptied" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "not with clever speech, because clever speech would empty the cross of its power" or "not with clever speech, because this would cause the cross of Christ to lose its power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) + # in order that the cross of Christ would not be emptied of its power Paul speaks of God's power to save people who trust in Christ as if the cross on which Christ died had power. The cross being emptied of its power represents people not recognizing God's power to save them through Christ's death. If Paul were to use clever speech, people might pay more attention to his clever speech than to Christ's death. Alternate translation: "in order that people might recognize God's power to save them through Jesus's death on the cross" or "because clever speech would distract people from God's power as shown in the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/18.md b/1co/01/18.md index 77b6e69ae4..dc6063171e 100644 --- a/1co/01/18.md +++ b/1co/01/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul emphasizes God's wisdom rather than man's wisdom. # it is the power of God "it is God working powerfully in us" - diff --git a/1co/01/19.md b/1co/01/19.md index fb195c1150..36e06d860f 100644 --- a/1co/01/19.md +++ b/1co/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will set aside the understanding of the intelligent "I will confuse intelligent people" or "I will make the plans that intelligent people make completely fail" - diff --git a/1co/01/20.md b/1co/01/20.md index 6f972940fa..3b77cc65cd 100644 --- a/1co/01/20.md +++ b/1co/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a person who argues about what he knows or who is skilled in such arguments # Has not God turned the wisdom of the world into foolishness? Paul uses this question to emphasize what God has done to the wisdom of this world. Alternate translation: "God has shown that everything they call wisdom is really foolishness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/21.md b/1co/01/21.md index 10f46ce7d9..5b4758c186 100644 --- a/1co/01/21.md +++ b/1co/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who believe Possible meanings are 1) "all who believe the message" or 2) "all who believe in Christ." - diff --git a/1co/01/22.md b/1co/01/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/01/22.md +++ b/1co/01/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/01/23.md b/1co/01/23.md index 0fdad52804..8c3d785315 100644 --- a/1co/01/23.md +++ b/1co/01/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "we" refers to Paul and other Bible teachers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # a stumbling block Just as a person can stumble over a block on a road, so the message of salvation through the crucifixion of the Christ keeps Jews from believing in Jesus. Alternate translation: "not acceptable" or "very offensive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/24.md b/1co/01/24.md index befaddf2f8..877e23b792 100644 --- a/1co/01/24.md +++ b/1co/01/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Another possible meaning is that Christ is powerful and it is through Christ tha # the wisdom of God Another possible meaning is that God shows the content of his wisdom through Christ. - diff --git a/1co/01/25.md b/1co/01/25.md index b06d605019..3c745b6fe6 100644 --- a/1co/01/25.md +++ b/1co/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the foolishness of God is wiser than people, and the weakness of God is stronger than people Possible meanings are 1) Paul is speaking ironically about God's foolishness and weakness. Paul knows God is not foolish or weak. Alternate translation: "what seems to be the foolishness of God is wiser than people's wisdom, and what seems to be the weakness of God is stronger than the people's strength" or 2) Paul is speaking from the point of view of the Greek people who may think God is foolish or weak. Alternate translation: "what people call God's foolishness is really wiser than what people call wisdom, and what people call God's weakness is really stronger than people's strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/26.md b/1co/01/26.md index 2aa9c599ad..9fada86c0d 100644 --- a/1co/01/26.md +++ b/1co/01/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Very few of you" # of noble birth "special because your family is important" - diff --git a/1co/01/27.md b/1co/01/27.md index 85cbfd094e..a40937f063 100644 --- a/1co/01/27.md +++ b/1co/01/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul repeats many of the same words in two sentences that mean almost the same t # God chose what is weak in the world to shame what is strong "God chose to use things that the world thinks are weak to shame the things that the world thinks are strong" - diff --git a/1co/01/28.md b/1co/01/28.md index 153be71bb6..97e91712db 100644 --- a/1co/01/28.md +++ b/1co/01/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that which people usu # things that are held as valuable This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "things that people think are worth money" or "things that people think are worth respect" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/29.md b/1co/01/29.md index a7b3384504..8f3c97ed28 100644 --- a/1co/01/29.md +++ b/1co/01/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # no flesh The word "flesh" here is a metonym for people, who are made of flesh. Alternate translation: "no people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/30.md b/1co/01/30.md index d3d6ba6e74..3283fb2e0a 100644 --- a/1co/01/30.md +++ b/1co/01/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words refer to Paul, those with him, and the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ # Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from God Possible meanings are 1) "Christ Jesus, who has made clear to us how wise God is" or 2) "Christ Jesus, who has given us God's wisdom." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/01/31.md b/1co/01/31.md index e9b3ec0b5b..3f7458fc9d 100644 --- a/1co/01/31.md +++ b/1co/01/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let the one who boasts, boast in the Lord "If a person boasts, he should boast about how great the Lord is" - diff --git a/1co/01/intro.md b/1co/01/intro.md index d01f5bed29..f0024c1192 100644 --- a/1co/01/intro.md +++ b/1co/01/intro.md @@ -1,31 +1,35 @@ # 1 Corinthians 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The first three verses are a greeting. In the ancient Near East, this was a common way of starting a letter. +The first three verses are a greeting. In the ancient Near East, this was a common way of starting a letter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verse 19, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Disunity -In this chapter, Paul scolds the church for being divided and for following different apostles. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/apostle]]) +### Disunity + +In this chapter, Paul scolds the church for being divided and for following different apostles. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/apostle]]) + +### Spiritual gifts -#### Spiritual gifts Spiritual gifts are specific supernatural abilities to help the church. The Holy Spirit gives these gifts to Christians after they come to believe in Jesus. Paul lists spiritual gifts in Chapter 12. Some scholars believe the Holy Spirit gave some of these gifts only in the early church to help establish the developing church. Other scholars believe all the gifts of the Spirit are still available to help all Christians throughout the church history. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idioms +### Idioms In this chapter, Paul refers to the return of Christ using two different phrases: "the revelation of our Lord Jesus Christ" and "the day of our Lord Jesus Christ." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Paul uses rhetorical questions to scold the Corinthians for dividing into factions and for relying on human wisdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Stumbling block -#### Stumbling block A stumbling block is a rock people stumble over. Here it represents the difficulty Jews have in believing that God allowed his Messiah to be crucified. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -34,4 +38,3 @@ A stumbling block is a rock people stumble over. Here it represents the difficul * __[1 Corinthians intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/02/01.md b/1co/02/01.md index 33ed8a507b..7be5c738a5 100644 --- a/1co/02/01.md +++ b/1co/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul contrasts human wisdom and God's wisdom. He emphasizes that spiritual wisdo # brothers Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. - diff --git a/1co/02/02.md b/1co/02/02.md index 817702db7b..ff5f79f0f3 100644 --- a/1co/02/02.md +++ b/1co/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When Paul said that he "decided to know nothing" he exaggerated to emphasize tha # to know nothing when I was among you except Jesus Christ The double negative here emphasizes that Jesus Christ was the only thing Paul wanted to think about. Alternate translation: "when I was among you to know only Jesus Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/1co/02/03.md b/1co/02/03.md index ef748fd010..00ed3598b1 100644 --- a/1co/02/03.md +++ b/1co/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in weakness Possible meanings are: 1) "physically weak" or 2) "feeling like I could not do what I needed to do." - diff --git a/1co/02/05.md b/1co/02/05.md index ad5e0f9f2d..ff92012bb1 100644 --- a/1co/02/05.md +++ b/1co/02/05.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ # but in the power of God -"but your faith will be in the power of God" or "but you will trust in the power of God" \ No newline at end of file +"but your faith will be in the power of God" or "but you will trust in the power of God" diff --git a/1co/02/06.md b/1co/02/06.md index 831e7eb46e..96ced2da1c 100644 --- a/1co/02/06.md +++ b/1co/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "wisdom" can be stated as the adjective "wise." Alternate tran # the mature "mature believers" - diff --git a/1co/02/07.md b/1co/02/07.md index ce5a9e2d3d..4a1d40d31a 100644 --- a/1co/02/07.md +++ b/1co/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for our glory "in order to ensure our future glory" - diff --git a/1co/02/08.md b/1co/02/08.md index 75f9662a8f..5c4913c918 100644 --- a/1co/02/08.md +++ b/1co/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Lord of glory "Jesus, the glorious Lord" - diff --git a/1co/02/09.md b/1co/02/09.md index 7d21002ca7..a8a4c3e89b 100644 --- a/1co/02/09.md +++ b/1co/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a triplet referring to all parts of a person to emphasize that no man ha # what God has prepared for those who love him The Lord has created in heaven wonderful surprises for those who love him. - diff --git a/1co/02/10.md b/1co/02/10.md index 54f69f2318..af9d96c98c 100644 --- a/1co/02/10.md +++ b/1co/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the truths about Jesus and his death on the cross # the Spirit searches everything out "the Spirit studies everthing accurately" or "the Spirit investigates everything." This implies that the Spirit knows everything. - diff --git a/1co/02/11.md b/1co/02/11.md index 5a1b99f319..fa344f2fff 100644 --- a/1co/02/11.md +++ b/1co/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a person's inner being, his own spiritual nature. # no one knows the deep things of God except the Spirit of God "only the Spirit of God knows the deep things of God" - diff --git a/1co/02/12.md b/1co/02/12.md index bc2b953710..c85a15feba 100644 --- a/1co/02/12.md +++ b/1co/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "we" includes both Paul and his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # freely given to us by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God freely gave to us" or "that God has kindly given us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/02/13.md b/1co/02/13.md index 3590a11c09..e4646b2cf8 100644 --- a/1co/02/13.md +++ b/1co/02/13.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ The meaning of the original language here is uncertain. Other translations of the Bible translate this as "interpreting spiritual things with spiritual words." # to spiritual people -Here "spiritual people" refers to those who are led by the Holy Spirit to obey God. +Here "spiritual people" refers to those who are led by the Holy Spirit to obey God. diff --git a/1co/02/14.md b/1co/02/14.md index 8ee6ec4db4..2cea88a2e1 100644 --- a/1co/02/14.md +++ b/1co/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the non-Christian person, who has not received the Holy Spirit # because they are spiritually discerned "because understanding these things requires the aid of the Spirit" - diff --git a/1co/02/15.md b/1co/02/15.md index d439364b6f..3301f261a2 100644 --- a/1co/02/15.md +++ b/1co/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he is not judged by others This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "others cannot judge him" or "no one can judge him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/02/16.md b/1co/02/16.md index 7eb150f77d..bd30363404 100644 --- a/1co/02/16.md +++ b/1co/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For who can know the mind of the Lord, that he can instruct him? Paul uses this question to emphasize that no one knows the mind of the Lord. No one is as wise as the Lord. Alternate translation: "No one can know the mind of the Lord, so no one can teach him anything he does not already know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/02/intro.md b/1co/02/intro.md index 8a9dfb024e..9e89808657 100644 --- a/1co/02/intro.md +++ b/1co/02/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Corinthians 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 9 and 16. These poetic lines are from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Wisdom -#### Wisdom Paul continues the discussion from the first chapter that contrasts human wisdom and God's wisdom. For Paul, human wisdom can be foolish. He says the wisdom from the Holy Spirit is the only true wisdom. Paul uses the phrase "hidden wisdom" when he refers to previously unknown truths. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Paul continues the discussion from the first chapter that contrasts human wisdom * __[1 Corinthians 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/03/01.md b/1co/03/01.md index 29ad91d0bc..8572de0fe0 100644 --- a/1co/03/01.md +++ b/1co/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ people who follow their own desires # as to little children in Christ The Corinthians are compared to children very young in age and understanding. Alternate translation: "as to very young believers in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/02.md b/1co/03/02.md index 3d2526d70f..758da95e97 100644 --- a/1co/03/02.md +++ b/1co/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Babies can only drink milk because they have not grown enough to eat solid food. # you are not yet ready It is implied that they are not ready to understand more difficult teachings. Alternate translation: "you still are not ready to understand the harder teachings about following Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/03.md b/1co/03/03.md index 705817fc74..cb30bcc881 100644 --- a/1co/03/03.md +++ b/1co/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ still behaving according to sinful or worldly desires # are you not living according to the flesh, and are you not walking by human standards? Paul uses questions to rebuke the Corinthians for their sinful behavior. Here "walking" is a metaphor for how a person lives or behaves. Alternate translation: "you should be ashamed because you are behaving according to your sinful desires and you are living according to human standards!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/04.md b/1co/03/04.md index c1fa1d4bc5..4380290c89 100644 --- a/1co/03/04.md +++ b/1co/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are you not merely human beings? Paul uses a question to rebuke the Corinthians. Alternate translation: "you should be ashamed because you are living the same way that people who do not have the Spirit live." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/05.md b/1co/03/05.md index fe187e50c8..da4eaf2e3f 100644 --- a/1co/03/05.md +++ b/1co/03/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul answers his own question by saying that he and Apollos are God's servants. # Servants through whom you believed, just as the Lord gave tasks to each This can be stated with the understood information. Alternate translation: "We are servants through whom you believed, and to each of us the Lord gave different tasks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/06.md b/1co/03/06.md index 2ca1a1f5af..ee81873e94 100644 --- a/1co/03/06.md +++ b/1co/03/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ As seeds need water, faith needs further teaching in order for it to grow. Alter # but God gave the growth As plants grow and develop, so faith and knowledge in God also grow and become deeper and stronger. Alternate translation: "but God caused you to grow" or "but just as God causes plants to grow, he caused you to grow spiritually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/07.md b/1co/03/07.md index 37e54a9aa5..3fdf958325 100644 --- a/1co/03/07.md +++ b/1co/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul stresses that neither he nor Apollos is responsible for the believers' spir # it is God who gives the growth Here to give growth means to cause growth. The abstract noun "growth" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "it is God who causes you to grow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/08.md b/1co/03/08.md index a75aa2342d..dad5c4781a 100644 --- a/1co/03/08.md +++ b/1co/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are "one" are 1) "united in purpose" or 2) "equal in importanc # wages an amount of money that a worker receives for his work - diff --git a/1co/03/09.md b/1co/03/09.md index 6cb75acb06..448b3e8158 100644 --- a/1co/03/09.md +++ b/1co/03/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) being God's garden represents belonging to God. Alterna # God's building Possible meanings are 1) being God's building represents belonging to God. Alternate translation: "and you are like a building that belongs to God" or 2) being God's building represents God causing us to become what he wants. Alternate translation: "and you are like a building that God is constructing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/10.md b/1co/03/10.md index fdcd52b4f5..744236cef2 100644 --- a/1co/03/10.md +++ b/1co/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is referring to the person or people who are teaching the Corinthians at th # let each man This refers to God's workers in general. Alternate translation: "let each person who serves God" - diff --git a/1co/03/11.md b/1co/03/11.md index 2cbbc17df4..900bb1c9bc 100644 --- a/1co/03/11.md +++ b/1co/03/11.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # Connecting Statement: + Paul continues his metaphor about a foundation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # no one can lay a foundation other than the one that has been laid The phrase "has been laid" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one can lay a foundation other than the one and only foundation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/12.md b/1co/03/12.md index 36726663ac..cb07ef6603 100644 --- a/1co/03/12.md +++ b/1co/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The building materials used to build a new building are being compared to the sp # precious stones "expensive stones" - diff --git a/1co/03/13.md b/1co/03/13.md index 626e805721..92f3ed2bfe 100644 --- a/1co/03/13.md +++ b/1co/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "day" refers to the time when God will judge everyone. When God shows everyo # For it will be revealed in fire. The fire will test the quality of what each one has done Just as fire will reveal the strengths or destroy the weaknesses of a building, God's fire will judge man's efforts and activities. Alternate translation: "God will use fire to show the quality of his work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/14.md b/1co/03/14.md index c8af76156a..ec8718c042 100644 --- a/1co/03/14.md +++ b/1co/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # work remains "work lasts" or "work survives" - diff --git a/1co/03/15.md b/1co/03/15.md index a2f35c0287..ff903eb7f6 100644 --- a/1co/03/15.md +++ b/1co/03/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but God will save him # as though escaping through fire This is a simile showing the danger that such a person is in if his works have no value. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] - diff --git a/1co/03/16.md b/1co/03/16.md index 990c94ae92..882ae8c1a0 100644 --- a/1co/03/16.md +++ b/1co/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a question to rebuke the Corinthians. Alternate translation: "You act # Do you ... you are ... in you All instances of "you" in this verse are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/17.md b/1co/03/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/03/17.md +++ b/1co/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/03/18.md b/1co/03/18.md index bf19d861d5..d5806a8696 100644 --- a/1co/03/18.md +++ b/1co/03/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ according to the way people who do not believe decide what is wise # let him become a "fool" "that person should be willing to have people who do not believe call him a fool" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/1co/03/19.md b/1co/03/19.md index 43d88607e7..2405dcf7d5 100644 --- a/1co/03/19.md +++ b/1co/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He catches the wise in their craftiness God traps the people who think they are clever and uses their own schemes to trap them. - diff --git a/1co/03/20.md b/1co/03/20.md index bfbdf08e65..520927f663 100644 --- a/1co/03/20.md +++ b/1co/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # futile useless - diff --git a/1co/03/21.md b/1co/03/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/03/21.md +++ b/1co/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/03/22.md b/1co/03/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/03/22.md +++ b/1co/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/03/23.md b/1co/03/23.md index 7f309a4992..2d54ec1490 100644 --- a/1co/03/23.md +++ b/1co/03/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are Christ's, and Christ is God's "you belong to Christ, and Christ belongs to God" - diff --git a/1co/03/intro.md b/1co/03/intro.md index 5677424b52..4976737bd8 100644 --- a/1co/03/intro.md +++ b/1co/03/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # 1 Corinthians 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page to make them easier to read. The ULB does this with the quoted words of verses 19 and 20. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Fleshly people -#### Fleshly people The Corinthian believers were immature because of their unrighteous actions. He calls them "fleshly," meaning acting as nonbelievers. This term is used in opposition to those who are "spiritual." Christians following their "flesh" are acting foolishly. They are following the wisdom of the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor There are many metaphors in this chapter. Paul uses "little children" and "milk" to illustrate spiritual immaturity. He uses the metaphors of planting and watering to describe the roles he and Apollos played in growing the church in Corinth. Paul uses other metaphors to help teach spiritual truths to the Corinthians and to help them to understand his teachings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) + ## Links: * __[1 Corinthians 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/04/01.md b/1co/04/01.md index 647c464cbe..f4a43f1b37 100644 --- a/1co/04/01.md +++ b/1co/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Having just reminded the people not to be proud concerning who had taught them about the Lord and who had baptized them, Paul reminds the Corinthian believers that all believers are to be humble servants. - diff --git a/1co/04/02.md b/1co/04/02.md index 9d0fe6b811..ea26468888 100644 --- a/1co/04/02.md +++ b/1co/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # of stewards is that they Paul is speaking of himself as if he were speaking about other people. Alternate translation: "of us stewards is that we" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/1co/04/03.md b/1co/04/03.md index a2619989f6..32e604c7e5 100644 --- a/1co/04/03.md +++ b/1co/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is a very small thing that I should be judged by you Paul is comparing the difference between human judgment and God's judgment. Man's judgment is not important compared to God's true judgment upon man. - diff --git a/1co/04/04.md b/1co/04/04.md index 75ca08ddfb..1ac84039f3 100644 --- a/1co/04/04.md +++ b/1co/04/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It would still be possible for Paul to be guilty even if there were no charge ag # The one who judges me is the Lord "It is the Lord who will decide if I am innocent or guilty" - diff --git a/1co/04/05.md b/1co/04/05.md index a8ea1fb37d..b1e8e0450e 100644 --- a/1co/04/05.md +++ b/1co/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He will bring to light the hidden things of darkness and reveal the purposes of the heart Here "bring to light the hidden things of darkness" is a metaphor for making known to everyone things that were done in secret. Here "heart" is a metonym for people's thoughts and intentions. Alternate translation: "Like a light that shines on things in darkness, God will show what people have secretly done and what they secretly planned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/04/06.md b/1co/04/06.md index 3521c47ec2..b3a9e8f76f 100644 --- a/1co/04/06.md +++ b/1co/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. # for your sakes "for your welfare" - diff --git a/1co/04/07.md b/1co/04/07.md index 769d65d60b..c6094697ae 100644 --- a/1co/04/07.md +++ b/1co/04/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul uses this question to emphasize that they did not earn the things they have # why do you boast as if you did not receive it? Paul was rebuking them for boasting in what they had. Alternate translation: "you should not boast as if you had not received it." or "you have no right to boast!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/04/08.md b/1co/04/08.md index b52b14bae5..841424a39e 100644 --- a/1co/04/08.md +++ b/1co/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Paul uses irony here to shame the Corinthians and make them realize that they are sinning when they are proud of themselves and their teachers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/1co/04/09.md b/1co/04/09.md index 050556612e..44c1bc0c31 100644 --- a/1co/04/09.md +++ b/1co/04/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God put the apostles on display like men who are about to be executed. (See: [[r # to the world—to angels, and to human beings Possible meanings are 1) "the world" consists of both supernatural ("angels") and natural ("human beings") or 2) the list consists of three items: "to the world, to angels, and to human beings." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1co/04/10.md b/1co/04/10.md index 7ee16dfb59..f2a53baed1 100644 --- a/1co/04/10.md +++ b/1co/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses irony to shame the Corinthians so they will think about what he is say # we are held in dishonor "people shame us apostles" - diff --git a/1co/04/11.md b/1co/04/11.md index 0e2d4bad9d..79f7f92c5c 100644 --- a/1co/04/11.md +++ b/1co/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to hitting with the hand, not with whips or clubs. This can be state # we are homeless Paul means that they have to move around from place to place. Although they have places to stay, they have no permanent home. - diff --git a/1co/04/12.md b/1co/04/12.md index a606ad9bc7..2a5a472044 100644 --- a/1co/04/12.md +++ b/1co/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When people slander u # When we are persecuted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When people persecute us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/04/13.md b/1co/04/13.md index 4c5be9456c..69fadb43d1 100644 --- a/1co/04/13.md +++ b/1co/04/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When people slander u # the refuse of the world "the worst kind of garbage in the world" - diff --git a/1co/04/14.md b/1co/04/14.md index efac617a53..a42c0b3e6b 100644 --- a/1co/04/14.md +++ b/1co/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my beloved children Because Paul had led the Corinthians to Christ, they are like his spiritual children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/04/15.md b/1co/04/15.md index 6de021e209..9ce5081c54 100644 --- a/1co/04/15.md +++ b/1co/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is emphasizing firstly that his relationship with the Corinthians is most i # I became your father Because Paul had led the Corinthians to Christ, he is like a father to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/04/16.md b/1co/04/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/04/16.md +++ b/1co/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/04/17.md b/1co/04/17.md index 6af79763dc..4059826f4d 100644 --- a/1co/04/17.md +++ b/1co/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my beloved and faithful child in the Lord "whom I love and whom I teach about the Lord as if he were my own child" - diff --git a/1co/04/18.md b/1co/04/18.md index 6a73e704fd..e364733743 100644 --- a/1co/04/18.md +++ b/1co/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word indicates that Paul is shifting his topic. Here he begins to rebuke the arrogant behavior of the Corinthian believers. - diff --git a/1co/04/19.md b/1co/04/19.md index 2c32e936dd..a8f24ea640 100644 --- a/1co/04/19.md +++ b/1co/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will come to you "I will visit you" - diff --git a/1co/04/20.md b/1co/04/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/04/20.md +++ b/1co/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/04/21.md b/1co/04/21.md index 99d093a53c..0b961f4a4d 100644 --- a/1co/04/21.md +++ b/1co/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is offering the Corinthians two opposing attitudes he could use when approa # of gentleness "of kindness" or "of tenderness" - diff --git a/1co/04/intro.md b/1co/04/intro.md index 880200f262..f505011c6d 100644 --- a/1co/04/intro.md +++ b/1co/04/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,23 @@ # 1 Corinthians 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Pride -#### Pride Paul contrasts the Corinthians' pride with the apostles' humility. The Corinthian believers had no reason to be proud. All that they had, and all they were, was a gift from God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/apostle]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors Paul uses many metaphors in this chapter. He describes the apostles as servants. Paul speaks of a victory parade where the apostles are the prisoners who will be killed. He uses a rod to stand for punishment. He calls himself their father because he is their "spiritual father." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]) -#### Irony +### Irony + Paul uses irony to shame the Corinthians for being proud. The Corinthian believers are reigning but the apostles are suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Paul uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize important points as he teaches the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +25,3 @@ Paul uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasiz * __[1 Corinthians 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/05/01.md b/1co/05/01.md index 186d5e8653..5150801217 100644 --- a/1co/05/01.md +++ b/1co/05/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that not even the Gen # father's wife the wife of his father, but probably not his own mother - diff --git a/1co/05/02.md b/1co/05/02.md index adb48ded7a..4913057b54 100644 --- a/1co/05/02.md +++ b/1co/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to scold the Corinthians. Alternate translation # the one who did this deed might be removed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you can remove from among you the one who did this deed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/05/03.md b/1co/05/03.md index 34353b2456..af459a4579 100644 --- a/1co/05/03.md +++ b/1co/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I have already passed judgment on the one who did this Possible meanings are 1) "I have decided what you should do with the one who did this" or 2) "I have found the person who did this guilty" - diff --git a/1co/05/04.md b/1co/05/04.md index bfff157435..f9c2af833d 100644 --- a/1co/05/04.md +++ b/1co/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the name of our Lord Jesus Possible meanings are 1) the name of the Lord Jesus is a metonym that represents his authority. Alternate translation: "with the authority of our Lord Jesus" or 2) being assembled in the Lord's name implies meeting together to worship him. Alternate translation: "to worship our Lord Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/05/05.md b/1co/05/05.md index 72b6753b86..fd95d2cb59 100644 --- a/1co/05/05.md +++ b/1co/05/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "flesh" refers to his physical body. Alternate translat # so that his spirit may be saved on the day of the Lord This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that God may save his spirit on the day of the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/05/06.md b/1co/05/06.md index a8a4ea6112..df8bb6a53a 100644 --- a/1co/05/06.md +++ b/1co/05/06.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ Paul uses this proverb to mean that a small part of something affects the whole thing. In this case, one person who is sinning can harm the entire Christian community. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]]) # Do you not know that a little yeast ... loaf? -Here Paul uses a rhetorical question to teach his audience. Alternate translation: "You know that a little yeast ... loaf." or "A little yeast ... loaf." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) +Here Paul uses a rhetorical question to teach his audience. Alternate translation: "You know that a little yeast ... loaf." or "A little yeast ... loaf." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) diff --git a/1co/05/07.md b/1co/05/07.md index a62fa7ed8b..97208f09f3 100644 --- a/1co/05/07.md +++ b/1co/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses the proverb from 5:6 to teach his audience. Here "old yeast" is a meta # Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed As the Passover lamb covered the sins of Israel by faith each year, so did Christ's death cover the sins of all who trust in Christ by faith for eternity. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Lord has sacrificed Christ, our Passover lamb" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/05/08.md b/1co/05/08.md index 8df375866f..99345710f6 100644 --- a/1co/05/08.md +++ b/1co/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not with the old yeast, the yeast of bad behavior and wickedness ... the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth Paul continues using the proverb from 5:6 to teach his audience. Here "yeast" is a metaphor for sin, and "unleavened bread" is metaphor for behaviors acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/05/09.md b/1co/05/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/05/09.md +++ b/1co/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/05/10.md b/1co/05/10.md index fa1a2313cd..a89a3d5991 100644 --- a/1co/05/10.md +++ b/1co/05/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means people who cheat to get others' property. # you would need to go out of the world "you would need to avoid all people" - diff --git a/1co/05/11.md b/1co/05/11.md index ced6725496..8157be8695 100644 --- a/1co/05/11.md +++ b/1co/05/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul tells them how to treat believers in the church who refuse to be corrected # brother Here this means a fellow Christian, either a man or a woman. - diff --git a/1co/05/12.md b/1co/05/12.md index 0574494a83..0017aae389 100644 --- a/1co/05/12.md +++ b/1co/05/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a question to emphasize that he is not the one to judge people outside # are you not to judge those who are inside the church? Paul is using a question to scold the Corinthians. Alternate translation: "you should know that you are the ones who should judge those who are inside the church." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/05/13.md b/1co/05/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/05/13.md +++ b/1co/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/05/intro.md b/1co/05/intro.md index 292e813da9..a7cc20b9b7 100644 --- a/1co/05/intro.md +++ b/1co/05/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # 1 Corinthians 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page to make them easier to read. The ULB does this with the quoted words of verse 13. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Euphemisms +### Euphemisms Paul uses euphemisms to describe sensitive topics. This chapter deals with sexual immorality of one church member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fornication]]) -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor + Paul uses an extended comparison that contains many metaphors. Yeast represents evil. The loaf probably represents the whole congregation. The unleavened bread represents living purely. So the whole passage means: Don't you know that a little evil will affect the whole congregation? So get rid of the evil so you can live purely. Christ has been sacrificed for us. So let us be sincere and truthful and not wicked and behaving badly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/unleavenedbread]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]], and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Paul uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize important points as he teaches the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ Paul uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize import * __[1 Corinthians 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/06/01.md b/1co/06/01.md index 5a28acf0a7..671bbae722 100644 --- a/1co/06/01.md +++ b/1co/06/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is angry because the Corinthians are doing a great wrong by taking their di # to bring a lawsuit before the unrighteous rather than before God's holy people to ask unrighteous people, rather than God's holy people, to judge who is right and who is wrong - diff --git a/1co/06/02.md b/1co/06/02.md index 9d9a001f29..2d59f229eb 100644 --- a/1co/06/02.md +++ b/1co/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a question to shame the Corinthians for their behavior. Alternate tran # If then you will judge the world, are you not able to settle matters of little importance? Because they will be given greater responsibility later, they should be responsible for lesser things now. Alternate translation: "You will judge the world in the future, so you should be able to settle this small matter now." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/06/03.md b/1co/06/03.md index d6a8d0bb3d..d180e7d926 100644 --- a/1co/06/03.md +++ b/1co/06/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul includes himself and the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclu # How much more, then, can we judge matters of this life? Because they will be given greater responsibility later, they should be responsible for lesser things now. Alternate translation: "Because we know we will judge the angels, we can also be sure that God will enable us to judge matters in this life." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/06/04.md b/1co/06/04.md index 91af0da6ef..e4fde354f6 100644 --- a/1co/06/04.md +++ b/1co/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do you lay such cases as these before those who have no standing in the church? Possible meanings are that 1) this is a rhetorical question and Paul is rebuking the Corinthians for laying their cases before people of no standing in the church. Alternate translation: "you should not lay such cases as these before those who have no standing in the church." or 2) this is a command to lay their cases before even people of no standing in the church, rather than to people outside of the church. Alternate translation: "lay cases such as these even before people in the church who have no standing, not before people outside of the church." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/06/05.md b/1co/06/05.md index fee1b96abd..ef8858f036 100644 --- a/1co/06/05.md +++ b/1co/06/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. # dispute argument or disagreement - diff --git a/1co/06/06.md b/1co/06/06.md index a554e63144..f8e5c1243b 100644 --- a/1co/06/06.md +++ b/1co/06/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ asks the civil court to judge the matter # and this before unbelievers Possible meanings are 1) "and the brothers have unbelieving judges make decisions for them" or 2) "and unbelievers in the community see brothers disputing with one another" - diff --git a/1co/06/07.md b/1co/06/07.md index fdf62cc8ac..dcf6b3b286 100644 --- a/1co/06/07.md +++ b/1co/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Why not rather suffer the wrong? Why not rather allow yourselves to be cheated? Paul continues to shame the Corinthians. Alternate translation: "It would be better to let others wrong you and cheat you than to take them to court." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/06/08.md b/1co/06/08.md index 44737fada4..ed35dbae99 100644 --- a/1co/06/08.md +++ b/1co/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your own brothers Here "brothers" means fellow Christians, including both men and women. - diff --git a/1co/06/09.md b/1co/06/09.md index 3fadca7a9a..06ea1915a3 100644 --- a/1co/06/09.md +++ b/1co/06/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God will not judge them as righteous at the judgment, and they will not enter et # nor men who submit to homosexual acts, nor men who perform homosexual acts Both of these phrases refer to men who have sex with other men. - diff --git a/1co/06/10.md b/1co/06/10.md index a74a5333e5..c512d38ae5 100644 --- a/1co/06/10.md +++ b/1co/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ people who steal from others # the greedy people who are willing to use evil means to take others' property - diff --git a/1co/06/11.md b/1co/06/11.md index 7c6907f039..55cfaf14f0 100644 --- a/1co/06/11.md +++ b/1co/06/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has made you righ # in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ "Name" here is a metonym for the power and authority of Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: "by the power and authority of our Lord Jesus Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/06/12.md b/1co/06/12.md index 918701fa89..d0bad486ce 100644 --- a/1co/06/12.md +++ b/1co/06/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is answering whoever says, "Everything is lawful for me." Alternate transla # I will not be mastered by any of them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not allow these things to rule over me like a master" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/06/13.md b/1co/06/13.md index 1fd7c5422c..f7fb85bd4e 100644 --- a/1co/06/13.md +++ b/1co/06/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ One possible meanings is that the speaker is speaking indirectly of the body and # do away with "destroy" - diff --git a/1co/06/14.md b/1co/06/14.md index c347abdfa5..f98a784f5b 100644 --- a/1co/06/14.md +++ b/1co/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # raised the Lord "caused the Lord to live again" - diff --git a/1co/06/15.md b/1co/06/15.md index 1642fb4d01..b1bcad96e6 100644 --- a/1co/06/15.md +++ b/1co/06/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses this question to emphasize how wrong it is for someone who belongs to # May it not be! "That should never happen!" or "We must never do that!" - diff --git a/1co/06/16.md b/1co/06/16.md index d96b6c2fbb..44e681a98d 100644 --- a/1co/06/16.md +++ b/1co/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul begins to teach the Corinthians by emphasizing a truth that they already kn # he who is joined to a prostitute becomes one body with her This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when a man joins his body to the body of a prostitute, it is as if their bodies become one body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/06/17.md b/1co/06/17.md index 19c07fe934..3beb63f365 100644 --- a/1co/06/17.md +++ b/1co/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he who is joined to the Lord becomes one spirit with him This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the Lord joins his spirit to the spirit of a person, it is as if their spirits become one spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/06/18.md b/1co/06/18.md index e35b9e9b45..df6c36bef1 100644 --- a/1co/06/18.md +++ b/1co/06/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Paul is showing that sexual sin is especially bad becau # sin that a person commits "evil deed that a person does" - diff --git a/1co/06/19.md b/1co/06/19.md index 986bd28ee5..a9ea97e5f4 100644 --- a/1co/06/19.md +++ b/1co/06/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the body of each individual Christian is a temple of the Holy Spirit # temple of the Holy Spirit A temple is dedicated to divine beings, and it is also where they dwell. In the same way, the bodies of believers are like temples because the Holy Spirit lives within them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/06/20.md b/1co/06/20.md index c368a25e5d..5183ec32ff 100644 --- a/1co/06/20.md +++ b/1co/06/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God paid for the freedom of the Corinthians from the slavery of sin. This can be # Therefore "Because what I have just said is true," - diff --git a/1co/06/intro.md b/1co/06/intro.md index 2d02a271e9..38552f76e6 100644 --- a/1co/06/intro.md +++ b/1co/06/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 1 Corinthians 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Lawsuits +### Lawsuits Paul teaches that a Christian should not take another Christian to court before a non-Christian judge. It is better to be cheated. Christians will judge the angels. So they should be able to solve problems among themselves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor The temple of the Holy Spirit is an important metaphor. It refers to the place where the Holy Spirit stays and is worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Paul uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize important points as he teaches the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Paul uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasiz * __[1 Corinthians 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/07/01.md b/1co/07/01.md index cd2594a5f8..96a150af55 100644 --- a/1co/07/01.md +++ b/1co/07/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "a man" refers to a married man. Alternate translation: # not to touch a woman Possible meanings are 1) "touch a woman" is a euphemism for having sexual relations. Alternate translation: "not to have sexual relations with his wife for a while" or 2) "touch a woman" is a metonym for marry. Alternate translation: "not to marry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/02.md b/1co/07/02.md index b45a1460c5..327727ed73 100644 --- a/1co/07/02.md +++ b/1co/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Paul is responding to what the Corinthians had written. # But because of temptations for many immoral acts, each "But because Satan tempts people to commit sexual sin, each" or "But we desire to commit sexual sin because of our sinful nature, so each" - diff --git a/1co/07/03.md b/1co/07/03.md index b17f065e51..b189617a35 100644 --- a/1co/07/03.md +++ b/1co/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Husbands should regularly have sexual relations with their wives. Alternate tran # in the same way the wife to her husband The words "should fulfill" and "duty to have sexual relations" are understood from the previous phrase, as is the meaning of the euphemism. Alternate translation: "in the same way, the wife should fulfill her duty to have sexual relations with her husband" or "in the same way, the wife should give to her husband his sexual rights" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/04.md b/1co/07/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/07/04.md +++ b/1co/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/07/05.md b/1co/07/05.md index 0ed1177d69..416d3e33bc 100644 --- a/1co/07/05.md +++ b/1co/07/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ in order to have a period of especially deep prayer # because of your lack of self-control "because after some days, your sexual desires will be harder to keep under control" - diff --git a/1co/07/06.md b/1co/07/06.md index 493854b6eb..76aa7796b7 100644 --- a/1co/07/06.md +++ b/1co/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I say these things to you as a concession and not as a command Possible meanings are Paul is telling the Corinthians that he is allowing them, but not commanding them, 1) to marry and sleep together or 2) to stop sleeping together for a time. - diff --git a/1co/07/07.md b/1co/07/07.md index 30ae28c364..d9f00b8087 100644 --- a/1co/07/07.md +++ b/1co/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Either Paul had never married or his wife had died. It is unlikely that he had b # But each one has his own gift from God. One has this kind of gift, and another that kind "But God enables people to do different things. He enables one person to do one thing and another person to do something different" - diff --git a/1co/07/08.md b/1co/07/08.md index ff974c5da0..cc64235080 100644 --- a/1co/07/08.md +++ b/1co/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # it is good See how you translated this in [1 Corinthians 7:1](../07/01.md). - diff --git a/1co/07/09.md b/1co/07/09.md index e3ac31e2cb..8f225421bb 100644 --- a/1co/07/09.md +++ b/1co/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to burn with passion "to live with the constant desire to sleep with someone" - diff --git a/1co/07/10.md b/1co/07/10.md index c0152485f0..aaff49a647 100644 --- a/1co/07/10.md +++ b/1co/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # should not separate from Paul's readers knew no difference between separating and divorcing. To stop living with someone was to end the marriage. Alternate translation: "should not divorce" - diff --git a/1co/07/11.md b/1co/07/11.md index d83c3e89b7..6904f1de13 100644 --- a/1co/07/11.md +++ b/1co/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "she should make peace # should not divorce Paul's readers knew no difference between divorcing and simply separating. To do either was to end the marriage. Alternate translation: "should not separate from" - diff --git a/1co/07/12.md b/1co/07/12.md index 81540c6d60..5d2a695d3c 100644 --- a/1co/07/12.md +++ b/1co/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # content willing or satisfied - diff --git a/1co/07/13.md b/1co/07/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/07/13.md +++ b/1co/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/07/14.md b/1co/07/14.md index 75cd5a3328..cac6c1bea3 100644 --- a/1co/07/14.md +++ b/1co/07/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the believing man or husband # they are set apart Possible meanings are 1) "God has set them apart for himself" or 2) "God treats them as he would treat his own children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/15.md b/1co/07/15.md index 27f1514581..7ab01466c3 100644 --- a/1co/07/15.md +++ b/1co/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In such cases, the brother or sister is not bound to their vows Here "brother" and "sister" refers to a Christian husband or wife. Here "not bound to their vows" is a metaphor that mean the person is not obligated to do what they vowed to do. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "In such cases, God does not require the believing spouse to continue to obey the marriage vow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/16.md b/1co/07/16.md index bb88ec519a..7acab8eed9 100644 --- a/1co/07/16.md +++ b/1co/07/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses a question to cause women to think deeply about what he is saying. Alt # how do you know, man, whether you will save your wife? Paul uses a question to cause men to think deeply about what he is saying. Alternate translation: "you cannot know if you will save your unbelieving wife." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/17.md b/1co/07/17.md index a55751ecd0..144bc14f54 100644 --- a/1co/07/17.md +++ b/1co/07/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "walk" is a metaphor for "live." Possible meanings of the word "called" # This is my rule in all the churches Paul was teaching believers in all the churches to act in this manner. - diff --git a/1co/07/18.md b/1co/07/18.md index a68b6515fb..920a076a29 100644 --- a/1co/07/18.md +++ b/1co/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul was addressing the circumcised ones (the Jews). Alternate translation: "If # Was anyone uncircumcised when he was called to faith? He Paul was now addressing the uncircumcised ones. Alternate translation: "If someone was uncircumcised when God called him to believe, he" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/19.md b/1co/07/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/07/19.md +++ b/1co/07/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/07/20.md b/1co/07/20.md index 405933c37e..b75bb3e378 100644 --- a/1co/07/20.md +++ b/1co/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # remain in the calling Here "calling" refers to the work or social position in which you were involved. Alternate translation: "live and work as you did" - diff --git a/1co/07/21.md b/1co/07/21.md index 35394af49b..b0ae8a298c 100644 --- a/1co/07/21.md +++ b/1co/07/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is speaking to the Corinthians as if they were one person, so all instances # Were you a slave when God called you? Do not be concerned This can be stated as a statement. Alternate translation: "To anyone who was a slave when God called you to believe, I say this: do not be concerned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/22.md b/1co/07/22.md index 498cb5dd54..0e36621b1b 100644 --- a/1co/07/22.md +++ b/1co/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Lord's freeman This freeman is forgiven by God and therefore free from Satan and sin. - diff --git a/1co/07/23.md b/1co/07/23.md index 271912e785..a14d541559 100644 --- a/1co/07/23.md +++ b/1co/07/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have been bought with a price This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Christ bought you by dying for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/24.md b/1co/07/24.md index a36bf14298..388db153f9 100644 --- a/1co/07/24.md +++ b/1co/07/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ called to believe in Christians # with God "as a person responsible to God" - diff --git a/1co/07/25.md b/1co/07/25.md index 845b8db683..d6fa179cfc 100644 --- a/1co/07/25.md +++ b/1co/07/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is probably a synecdoche for anyone who has never married. Alternate transl # as one who, by the Lord's mercy, is trustworthy "because, by the Lord's mercy, I am trustworthy" - diff --git a/1co/07/26.md b/1co/07/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/07/26.md +++ b/1co/07/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/07/27.md b/1co/07/27.md index 68ee666ef5..4cee32d0a2 100644 --- a/1co/07/27.md +++ b/1co/07/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ married # do not seek a wife "do not try to get married" - diff --git a/1co/07/28.md b/1co/07/28.md index 0d559e78ea..34962dd9c3 100644 --- a/1co/07/28.md +++ b/1co/07/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "this" refers to the kinds of worldly trouble that married people might # virgin This is probably a synecdoche for anyone who has never married. See how you translated "virgins" in [1 Corinthians 7:25](./25.md). Alternate translation: "someone who has never married" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/29.md b/1co/07/29.md index 2cc06fa7b3..dbbd3464ca 100644 --- a/1co/07/29.md +++ b/1co/07/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The time is short "There is little time" or "Time is almost gone" - diff --git a/1co/07/30.md b/1co/07/30.md index 9c85eb615a..e46e577014 100644 --- a/1co/07/30.md +++ b/1co/07/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # weep cry or grieve with tears - diff --git a/1co/07/31.md b/1co/07/31.md index 4abe90786e..2a2756c1fa 100644 --- a/1co/07/31.md +++ b/1co/07/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # should not act as though they are using it to the full "should show by their actions that they have their hope in God" - diff --git a/1co/07/32.md b/1co/07/32.md index 18470e74a7..3683377004 100644 --- a/1co/07/32.md +++ b/1co/07/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being "free from" something is an idiom which means having the ability to live w # concerned about "focused on" - diff --git a/1co/07/33.md b/1co/07/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/07/33.md +++ b/1co/07/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/07/34.md b/1co/07/34.md index d66016479d..fe5b107462 100644 --- a/1co/07/34.md +++ b/1co/07/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The unmarried woman or the virgin Possible meanings are 1) "virgin" refers only to virgins, while "unmarried woman" could be a divorcée or any other unmarried non-virgin, and 2) "unmarried woman" explains what Paul means by "virgin." - diff --git a/1co/07/35.md b/1co/07/35.md index 91b71e766c..461f1a9daf 100644 --- a/1co/07/35.md +++ b/1co/07/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ restriction # may be devoted to "can concentrate on" - diff --git a/1co/07/36.md b/1co/07/36.md index 0bbc5bf7ec..d3b463258c 100644 --- a/1co/07/36.md +++ b/1co/07/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the woman whom he promised to marry" or "his fiancée" # They should marry Possible meanings are 1) "He should marry his fiancée" or 2) "He should let his daughter get married." - diff --git a/1co/07/37.md b/1co/07/37.md index d3657d1119..689264c225 100644 --- a/1co/07/37.md +++ b/1co/07/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But if he is standing firm in his heart Here "standing firm" is a metaphor for deciding something with certainty. Here "heart" is metonym for a person's mind or thoughts. Alternate translation: "But if he has decided firmly in his own mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/07/38.md b/1co/07/38.md index ba0c819fef..10bf468a96 100644 --- a/1co/07/38.md +++ b/1co/07/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So the one who marries his virgin does well, and the one who chooses not to marry will do even better Or "So the one who allows his virgin daughter to marry does well, and the one who chooses not to have her marry will do even better." See how you translated "virgin" and "He should marry" in [1 Corinthians 7:36](./36.md). - diff --git a/1co/07/39.md b/1co/07/39.md index 33e0120a14..c00c0f8ca2 100644 --- a/1co/07/39.md +++ b/1co/07/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "bound" is a metaphor for a close relationship between people in which they # in the Lord "if the new husband is a believer" - diff --git a/1co/07/40.md b/1co/07/40.md index 8d52131d5d..6811142a14 100644 --- a/1co/07/40.md +++ b/1co/07/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ more contented, more joyful # lives as she is "remains unmarried" - diff --git a/1co/07/intro.md b/1co/07/intro.md index 59ee2f27ac..36862848cc 100644 --- a/1co/07/intro.md +++ b/1co/07/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 1 Corinthians 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul begins to answer a series of questions that the Corinthians may have asked him. The first question is about marriage. The second question is about a slave trying to become free, a Gentile becoming a Jew, or a Jew becoming a Gentile. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Divorce -#### Divorce Paul says married Christians should not divorce. A Christian married to an unbeliever should not leave their husband or wife. If the unbelieving husband or wife leaves, this is not a sin. Paul advises that, because of the difficult times and because it is near to the time that Jesus will return, it is good to remain unmarried. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Euphemisms -#### Euphemisms Paul uses many euphemisms to discreetly refer to sexual relations. This is often a sensitive topic. Many cultures do not wish to speak openly about these matters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Paul uses many euphemisms to discreetly refer to sexual relations. This is often * __[1 Corinthians 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/08/01.md b/1co/08/01.md index e9c6991aad..28e29244d2 100644 --- a/1co/08/01.md +++ b/1co/08/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The abstract noun "love" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "but # love builds up Building people up represents helping them become mature and strong in their faith. Alternate translation: "love strengthens people" or "when we love people, we strengthen them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/08/02.md b/1co/08/02.md index 24bd5e02a3..21433a00ca 100644 --- a/1co/08/02.md +++ b/1co/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thinks he knows something "believes he knows everything about something" - diff --git a/1co/08/03.md b/1co/08/03.md index 0f474f931d..0de4c0f223 100644 --- a/1co/08/03.md +++ b/1co/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that person is known by him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God knows that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/08/04.md b/1co/08/04.md index 2827fdda8c..3f6a1dacc8 100644 --- a/1co/08/04.md +++ b/1co/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # We know that an idol in this world is nothing and that there is no God but one Paul is probably quoting phrases that some Corinthians used. Being "nothing" represents having no power. Alternate translation: "We all know, as you yourselves like to say, that an idol in this world has no power and that there is no God but one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/08/05.md b/1co/08/05.md index 9b559905d6..6359e6bec3 100644 --- a/1co/08/05.md +++ b/1co/08/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # many "gods" and many "lords" Paul does not believe that many gods and many lords exist, but he recognizes that the pagans believe they do. - diff --git a/1co/08/06.md b/1co/08/06.md index 235da9e4a0..c9e612ef06 100644 --- a/1co/08/06.md +++ b/1co/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # yet for us there is only one God "yet we know that there is only one God" - diff --git a/1co/08/07.md b/1co/08/07.md index 30d8f2f39d..67f7b7175f 100644 --- a/1co/08/07.md +++ b/1co/08/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is speaking here of "weak" brothers, people who cannot separate food sacrif # defiled ruined or harmed, especially as regards the person's relationship with God - diff --git a/1co/08/08.md b/1co/08/08.md index 23ff54851f..c83e6a50b3 100644 --- a/1co/08/08.md +++ b/1co/08/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of food as though it were a person who could make God welcome us. Al # We are not worse if we do not eat, nor better if we do eat it "Some people might think that if we do not eat some things, God will love us less. But they are wrong. Those who think that God will love us more if we do eat those things are also wrong" - diff --git a/1co/08/09.md b/1co/08/09.md index 7498921e0a..fdf37d42d3 100644 --- a/1co/08/09.md +++ b/1co/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # someone who is weak believers not strong in their faith - diff --git a/1co/08/10.md b/1co/08/10.md index 57ea60235b..7594ce83f8 100644 --- a/1co/08/10.md +++ b/1co/08/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ what he understands to be right and wrong # emboldened to eat "encouraged to eat" - diff --git a/1co/08/11.md b/1co/08/11.md index 46e2a74b97..352daad0ec 100644 --- a/1co/08/11.md +++ b/1co/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is speaking to the Corinthians as if they were one person, so the word "you # the weaker one ... is destroyed The brother or sister who is not strong in his or her faith will sin or lose his or her faith. - diff --git a/1co/08/12.md b/1co/08/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/08/12.md +++ b/1co/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/08/13.md b/1co/08/13.md index 9ba09dc615..781d2b77dd 100644 --- a/1co/08/13.md +++ b/1co/08/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if food causes "Food" here is a metonym for the eating of food. Alternate translation: "if by eating I cause" or "if I, because of what I eat, cause" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/08/intro.md b/1co/08/intro.md index 625eb35561..699fbd4765 100644 --- a/1co/08/intro.md +++ b/1co/08/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 1 Corinthians 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In Chapters 8-10, Paul answers the question: "Is it acceptable to eat meat that has been sacrificed to an idol?" -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Meat sacrificed to idols -Paul answers the question about eating meat sacrificed to idols by saying that idols are supposed to be gods but that those gods do not really exist. Therefore nothing is wrong with the meat. Christians are free to eat it. However, someone who does not understand this may see a Christian eating it. They may then be encouraged to eat the meat as an act of worship to the idol. +### Meat sacrificed to idols + +Paul answers the question about eating meat sacrificed to idols by saying that idols are supposed to be gods but that those gods do not really exist. Therefore nothing is wrong with the meat. Christians are free to eat it. However, someone who does not understand this may see a Christian eating it. They may then be encouraged to eat the meat as an act of worship to the idol. ## Links: * __[1 Corinthians 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/09/01.md b/1co/09/01.md index db390f00bf..a0e715c7b8 100644 --- a/1co/09/01.md +++ b/1co/09/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul uses this rhetorical question to remind the Corinthians of their relationsh # my work "the result of the work that I have done" - diff --git a/1co/09/02.md b/1co/09/02.md index 9ceda86b48..cf0daa185c 100644 --- a/1co/09/02.md +++ b/1co/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are the seal of my apostleship in the Lord The word "seal" here is a metaphor for the evidence needed to prove something. Alternate translation: "you are evidence I can use to prove that the Lord has chosen me to be an apostle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/03.md b/1co/09/03.md index 05bed18dd0..0d6f5bf2f9 100644 --- a/1co/09/03.md +++ b/1co/09/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is my defense ... me: Possible meanings are 1) the words that follow are Paul's defense or 2) the words in 1 Corinthians 9:1-2 are Paul's defense. Alternate translation: "This is my defense ... me." - diff --git a/1co/09/04.md b/1co/09/04.md index 2126f0842c..5a5a837f34 100644 --- a/1co/09/04.md +++ b/1co/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a rhetorical question to challenge what some people think about him an # we Here "we" refers to Paul and Barnabas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/05.md b/1co/09/05.md index 1ecb2a5830..05dca3e002 100644 --- a/1co/09/05.md +++ b/1co/09/05.md @@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ Paul uses a rhetorical question to challenge what some people think about him an # a wife who is a believer -"a believing wife" or "a Christian wife" - +"a believing wife" or "a Christian wife" diff --git a/1co/09/06.md b/1co/09/06.md index 1a534b1202..f6c92c6870 100644 --- a/1co/09/06.md +++ b/1co/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a rhetorical question to challenge what some people think about him an # not have the right to not work at a trade If this double negative causes confusion in your language, you can state it as a simple positive. Alternate translation: "have to work at a trade" or "have to have another job" - diff --git a/1co/09/07.md b/1co/09/07.md index 996aa8a255..1fd576af70 100644 --- a/1co/09/07.md +++ b/1co/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses this rhetorical question as a part of his argument to show that he and # Or who shepherds a flock and does not drink milk from it? Paul uses this rhetorical question as a part of his argument to show that he and Barnabas have the right to be supported by the church for their work. Alternate translation: "We all know that those who shepherd flocks may drink milk from the flocks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/08.md b/1co/09/08.md index 8ddd90af1e..855df8d542 100644 --- a/1co/09/08.md +++ b/1co/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do I say these things based on human authority? Does not the law also say this? Paul uses these rhetorical questions as a part of his argument to show that he and Barnabas have the right to be supported by the church for their work. Alternate translation: "I am not saying these things based on human authority. The law also says this." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/09.md b/1co/09/09.md index b6c987ca11..579d5492f7 100644 --- a/1co/09/09.md +++ b/1co/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses was speaking to the Israelites as if they were one person, so this command # Is it really the oxen that God cares about? Paul uses this rhetorical question as a part of his argument to show that he and Barnabas have the right to be supported by the church for their work. Alternate translation: "God does not only care about the oxen." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/10.md b/1co/09/10.md index bba195505e..856f8b1b86 100644 --- a/1co/09/10.md +++ b/1co/09/10.md @@ -8,9 +8,8 @@ Paul uses this rhetorical question as a part of his argument to show that he and # should thresh in the hope of sharing in the harvest - "should thresh, expecting to share in the harvest" +"should thresh, expecting to share in the harvest" # sharing in the harvest "receiving some of the crop that is collected" - diff --git a/1co/09/11.md b/1co/09/11.md index 732f28a36e..d692902a46 100644 --- a/1co/09/11.md +++ b/1co/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sowed spiritual things" and "reap physical things" are metaphors meaning P # is it too much for us to reap physical things from you? Paul uses this rhetorical question as a part of his argument to show that he and Barnabas have the right to be supported by the church for their work. Alternate translation: "then it should not be too much for us to reap physical things from you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/12.md b/1co/09/12.md index 2f49a5fe95..46373302fc 100644 --- a/1co/09/12.md +++ b/1co/09/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the right to have the believers at Corinth provide for the living expenses of th # be a hindrance to "be a burden to" or "stop the spread of" - diff --git a/1co/09/13.md b/1co/09/13.md index 66f573c138..a46fb1b0f6 100644 --- a/1co/09/13.md +++ b/1co/09/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses a rhetorical question to remind the Corinthians of what they know so h # Do you not know that those who serve at the altar share in what is offered on the altar? Paul uses a rhetorical question to remind the Corinthians of what they know so he can add new information. Alternate translation: "I want to remind you that those who serve at the altar get some of the foods and meat that people offer on the altar." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/14.md b/1co/09/14.md index 2de279edca..1393bea329 100644 --- a/1co/09/14.md +++ b/1co/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # get their living from the gospel The words "the gospel" here are a metonym for 1) the people to whom they tell the gospel, "receive their food and other things they need from those to whom they teach the good news," or 2) the result of working to tell the gospel, "receive their food and other things they need because they work to tell the good news." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/15.md b/1co/09/15.md index 8e01aa96cf..160fffa34a 100644 --- a/1co/09/15.md +++ b/1co/09/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul seems to have started a new sentence before finishing the first one. Some m # make my boast empty "take away this opportunity I have to boast" or "make it so I have nothing to boast about" - diff --git a/1co/09/16.md b/1co/09/16.md index 30d17b4611..22bdf86a5f 100644 --- a/1co/09/16.md +++ b/1co/09/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # woe be to me if "may I suffer misfortune if" - diff --git a/1co/09/17.md b/1co/09/17.md index b7ca9d08e3..6669efad32 100644 --- a/1co/09/17.md +++ b/1co/09/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "I do this" are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate transla # I still have a stewardship that was entrusted to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I still must complete this work that God entrusted to me" or "I still must do this work that God gave me to complete" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/18.md b/1co/09/18.md index 54c912c39c..c5fe46a874 100644 --- a/1co/09/18.md +++ b/1co/09/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is preparing them for the new information he is going to give them. Alterna # so not take full use of my right in the gospel "so not ask people to support me as I travel and preach" - diff --git a/1co/09/19.md b/1co/09/19.md index 4ba7db824f..593816d332 100644 --- a/1co/09/19.md +++ b/1co/09/19.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ Paul uses the image of freedom from slavery to talk about not being obligated to others. Alternate translation: "I am free of obligation to all" or "Though I am not obligated to anyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # I became a servant to all + Paul uses the image of slavery to talk about his willingness to meet others' needs. Alternate translation: "I became like a servant to all" or "I became willing to serve all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # win more "persuade others to believe" or "help others trust in Christ" - diff --git a/1co/09/20.md b/1co/09/20.md index 9f3fab91f9..a3aa808138 100644 --- a/1co/09/20.md +++ b/1co/09/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I became like one under the law "I became like one committed to following the demands of the Jewish leadership, accepting their understanding of the Jewish scriptures" - diff --git a/1co/09/21.md b/1co/09/21.md index fcc02d87e6..841c2a7124 100644 --- a/1co/09/21.md +++ b/1co/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To be "outside the law" is a metaphor that means not to be obligated to obey the # although I was not outside the law of God myself, but under the law of Christ The phrases "not outside the law" and "under the law" are metaphors that mean to be obligated to obey the law. Alternate translation: "although I was not one of those who is not obligated to obey the law of God, but I was obligated to obey the law of Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/22.md b/1co/09/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/09/22.md +++ b/1co/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/09/23.md b/1co/09/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/09/23.md +++ b/1co/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/09/24.md b/1co/09/24.md index 6635ac1b7e..9cf918987d 100644 --- a/1co/09/24.md +++ b/1co/09/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul compares living the Christian life and working for God to running a race an # run to win the prize Paul is speaking of the reward God will give his faithful people as if it were a prize given for an athletic contest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/25.md b/1co/09/25.md index a927882352..cf4d14547f 100644 --- a/1co/09/25.md +++ b/1co/09/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a wreath that is perishable ... one that is imperishable A wreath is a bunch of leaves twisted together. Wreaths were given as prizes to athletes who won games and races. Paul speaks of eternal life as if it were a wreath that would never dry up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/26.md b/1co/09/26.md index 36ef692aea..9fdaa95826 100644 --- a/1co/09/26.md +++ b/1co/09/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If this double negative would confuse the reader in your language, you can state # box to beat another person with the fists in a sporting contest - diff --git a/1co/09/27.md b/1co/09/27.md index bde5c9c780..092ba4aa3c 100644 --- a/1co/09/27.md +++ b/1co/09/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I myself may not be disqualified This passive sentence can be rephrased to an active form. The judge of a race or competition is a metaphor for God. Alternate translation: "the judge will not disqualify me" or "God will not say that I have failed to obey the rules" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/09/intro.md b/1co/09/intro.md index 59f1851f7b..7894ee21c2 100644 --- a/1co/09/intro.md +++ b/1co/09/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,29 @@ # 1 Corinthians 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Paul defends himself in this chapter. Some people claimed that he was trying to gain financially from the church. +Paul defends himself in this chapter. Some people claimed that he was trying to gain financially from the church. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Earning money from the church -People accused Paul of just wanting money from the church. Paul answered that he rightfully could get money from the church. The Old Testament taught that those who worked should get their living from their work. He and Barnabas purposefully never used this right and earned their own living. +### Earning money from the church -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +People accused Paul of just wanting money from the church. Paul answered that he rightfully could get money from the church. The Old Testament taught that those who worked should get their living from their work. He and Barnabas purposefully never used this right and earned their own living. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor Paul uses many metaphors in this chapter. These metaphors teach complex truths. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Contextualization -#### Contextualization This passage is important because Paul "contextualizes" ministering the gospel to different audiences. This means that Paul makes himself and the gospel understandable without his actions hindering the gospel being received. The translator should take extra care to preserve aspects of this "contextualization" if possible. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/goodnews]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Paul uses many rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize various points as he teaches the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -27,4 +31,3 @@ Paul uses many rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize v * __[1 Corinthians 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/10/01.md b/1co/10/01.md index acffdbfc08..ff7d2a2152 100644 --- a/1co/10/01.md +++ b/1co/10/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This sea is known by two names, the Red Sea and the Sea of Reeds. # passed through "walked through" or "traveled through" - diff --git a/1co/10/02.md b/1co/10/02.md index 818597c69f..121d487cc5 100644 --- a/1co/10/02.md +++ b/1co/10/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To be "baptized into Moses" means to become united with or to become a follower # All were baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "All received baptism" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/03.md b/1co/10/03.md index ad187c36f8..647d1a1f14 100644 --- a/1co/10/03.md +++ b/1co/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all ate the same spiritual food Here "spiritual food" refers to the manna that God supernaturally supplied to the Israelites while they traveled in the wilderness. Alternate translation: "All ate the same food that God supernaturally provided from heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/04.md b/1co/10/04.md index df2443ee67..235a940cc5 100644 --- a/1co/10/04.md +++ b/1co/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "spiritual drink" refers to the water that God supernaturally caused to flo # that rock was Christ The "rock" was a literal, physical rock, so it would be best to translate this literally. If your language cannot say that a rock "was" a person's name, treat the word "rock" as a metonym for the power of Christ that worked through the rock. Alternate translation: "it was Christ who worked through that rock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/05.md b/1co/10/05.md index 2f581ec1ed..1ede313bcb 100644 --- a/1co/10/05.md +++ b/1co/10/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # in the wilderness the desert land between Egypt and Israel through which the Israelites wandered for 40 years - diff --git a/1co/10/06.md b/1co/10/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/10/06.md +++ b/1co/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/10/07.md b/1co/10/07.md index 6fb2f4884c..6fcdf0a6f2 100644 --- a/1co/10/07.md +++ b/1co/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ people who worship idols # play Paul is quoting the Jewish scriptures. His readers would have understood from this one word that the people were worshiping an idol by singing and dancing and engaging in sexual activities, not simply enjoying innocent fun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/08.md b/1co/10/08.md index 5df5767d86..f46446fb0f 100644 --- a/1co/10/08.md +++ b/1co/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because of it "because they committed those unlawful sexual acts" - diff --git a/1co/10/09.md b/1co/10/09.md index a480e9e0ea..a8dabf13b9 100644 --- a/1co/10/09.md +++ b/1co/10/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ or "as many of them did" # tested him and were destroyed by snakes This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "tested him. As a result, snakes destroyed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/10.md b/1co/10/10.md index 15a811804c..3e6d9296c1 100644 --- a/1co/10/10.md +++ b/1co/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # did and were destroyed by an angel of death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "did. As a result, an angel of death destroyed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/11.md b/1co/10/11.md index 5c27805e0e..bbf02a6c37 100644 --- a/1co/10/11.md +++ b/1co/10/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "us" refers to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) # the end of the ages "the last days" - diff --git a/1co/10/12.md b/1co/10/12.md index e2eea4c490..5d941207d7 100644 --- a/1co/10/12.md +++ b/1co/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # does not fall does not sin or reject God - diff --git a/1co/10/13.md b/1co/10/13.md index ba01c214d4..a91a47be67 100644 --- a/1co/10/13.md +++ b/1co/10/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: "Every temptation that # will not let you be tempted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will not allow anyone to tempt you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/14.md b/1co/10/14.md index 0ba3afdcd8..9fb84b36b9 100644 --- a/1co/10/14.md +++ b/1co/10/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to remind them to be pure and to stay away from idolatry and immo # run away from idolatry Paul is speaking of the practice of worshiping idols as if it were a physical thing like a dangerous animal. Alternate translation: "do all you can to get away from worshiping idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/15.md b/1co/10/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/10/15.md +++ b/1co/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/10/16.md b/1co/10/16.md index ce23bae7e3..e789ce3ebe 100644 --- a/1co/10/16.md +++ b/1co/10/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul is reminding the Corinthians of what they already know. Alternate translati # a sharing in "taking part in" or "equally participating with others in" - diff --git a/1co/10/17.md b/1co/10/17.md index a77bddd8c2..8cdb796363 100644 --- a/1co/10/17.md +++ b/1co/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # loaf of bread a single unit of baked bread that is sliced or broken into pieces before it is eaten - diff --git a/1co/10/18.md b/1co/10/18.md index df5843104a..9f909074e9 100644 --- a/1co/10/18.md +++ b/1co/10/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to people who belonged to Israel because they were descendants of Is # Are not those who eat the sacrifices participants in the altar? Paul uses a question to remind the Corinthians of what they already know so that he can give them new information. Alternate translation: "Those who eat the sacrifices share in the activities and the blessings of the altar." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/19.md b/1co/10/19.md index 4da764ddcb..6e57bd255b 100644 --- a/1co/10/19.md +++ b/1co/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What am I saying then? That an idol is anything? Or that food sacrificed to an idol is anything? Paul uses these rhetorical questions to clear up any confusion the Corinthians might have about what he meant. The second and third questions are elliptical, and the understood words can be provided. Alternate translation: "I am not saying that an idol is anything or that food sacrificed to an idol is anything." or "I am not saying that an idol is a real god or that food that has been sacrificed to idols has any power." or "What am I saying then? Am I saying that an idol is anything? Or am I saying that food sacrificed to an idol is anything?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/20.md b/1co/10/20.md index 80674e991e..f218f8a318 100644 --- a/1co/10/20.md +++ b/1co/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the things they sacrifice You may need to make explicit that the word "they" refers to Gentile pagans. Alternate translation: "the things that the Gentile pagans sacrifice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/21.md b/1co/10/21.md index b13d1cdb6b..5fcb4267c1 100644 --- a/1co/10/21.md +++ b/1co/10/21.md @@ -7,12 +7,13 @@ Drinking from the cup of the Lord is a symbol of being united to the Lord, and d Here "cup" is a metonym for the wine in the cup. Alternate translation: "You cannot drink from the cup" or "You cannot drink the wine from the cup" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # the cup of the Lord + This refers to the cup of wine that people drink from when celebrating the Lord's supper. # the cup of demons + This refers to anything people might drink during a meal dedicated to demons. # You cannot participate at the table of the Lord and the table of demons Here "participate at the table" refers to eating a meal together. The "table of the Lord" refers to a meal that people eat to honor the Lord. Alternate translation: "You cannot eat together at the table of the Lord and at the table of demons" or "You cannot join in eating to honor the Lord and join in eating to honor demons" - diff --git a/1co/10/22.md b/1co/10/22.md index 9990e32a49..f8f197d1f5 100644 --- a/1co/10/22.md +++ b/1co/10/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ to anger or irritate # Are we stronger than he is? Paul uses a rhetorical question to remind the people of what they already know. Alternate translation: "You are not stronger than he is." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/23.md b/1co/10/23.md index c883eecf66..1a3feb3e0b 100644 --- a/1co/10/23.md +++ b/1co/10/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Paul is saying what some Corinthians might be thinking. # not everything builds people up Building people up represents helping them become mature and strong in their faith. See how you translated "builds up" in [1 Corinthians 8:1](../08/01.md). Alternate translation: "not everything strengthens people" or "some things do not strengthen people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/24.md b/1co/10/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/10/24.md +++ b/1co/10/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/10/25.md b/1co/10/25.md index df19f6fd16..4bf76a7ef1 100644 --- a/1co/10/25.md +++ b/1co/10/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Or "You may eat anything sold in the market." Paul is granting permission, not i # without asking questions of conscience Questions of conscience are questions that a person asks because he wants to know if something is sinful or not. In this case, a person might ask if the food at the market was offered to idols; if he thinks that it is sinful to eat food sacrificed to idols, he would feel guilty about eating it. Paul is saying that the person does not need to ask if the food has been sacrificed to an idol or not. Alternate translation: "without asking questions that could make the conscience feel guilty" or "without asking questions about whether it is sinful to eat it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/26.md b/1co/10/26.md index 17c2cb7aee..745be47d18 100644 --- a/1co/10/26.md +++ b/1co/10/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This quotation is from the Psalms in the Old Testament. # and the fullness of it "and everything in it." This means that everything on the earth belongs to the Lord. By saying this, Paul shows that even meat at the market that was offered to idols belongs to the Lord. - diff --git a/1co/10/27.md b/1co/10/27.md index 2242e410f7..987ac8b9c5 100644 --- a/1co/10/27.md +++ b/1co/10/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # without asking questions of conscience See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Corinthians 10:25](../10/25.md). - diff --git a/1co/10/28.md b/1co/10/28.md index ee7b7fa8c9..c329f771fe 100644 --- a/1co/10/28.md +++ b/1co/10/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the first reason not to eat the meat. Alternate translation: "for the go # and for the sake of conscience This is the second reason not to eat the meat. Alternate translation: "and because of conscience" or "and in order not to cause concerns about whether or not it is sinful" - diff --git a/1co/10/29.md b/1co/10/29.md index 06001bd6df..ec5545f6c2 100644 --- a/1co/10/29.md +++ b/1co/10/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a rhetorical question, and it can be expressed as a statement. The verb # my freedom The abstract noun "freedom" can be expressed with the adjective "free." Alternate translation: "my being free" or "what I do because I am free" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1co/10/30.md b/1co/10/30.md index b6e84c15b9..1425f700eb 100644 --- a/1co/10/30.md +++ b/1co/10/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The meaning of the abstract noun "gratitude" can be expressed with the phrase "g # why am I being insulted for that for which I gave thanks? This is a rhetorical question, and it can be expressed as a statement. The verb "be insulted" can be translated with an active form. Alternate translation: "I should not be insulted for that for which I gave thanks." or "People should not be insult me for eating food that I have thanked God for." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] ) - diff --git a/1co/10/31.md b/1co/10/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/10/31.md +++ b/1co/10/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/10/32.md b/1co/10/32.md index 4e71c65a4f..3d3fdc0a24 100644 --- a/1co/10/32.md +++ b/1co/10/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Be blameless both to Jews and to Greeks, and to the church of God "Be blameless in the opinion of both Jews and Greeks, and of the church of God" or "Make sure that neither Jews nor Greeks nor the church of God can accuse you of doing wrong" - diff --git a/1co/10/33.md b/1co/10/33.md index 3a0ebf1c23..1b2dfe6835 100644 --- a/1co/10/33.md +++ b/1co/10/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I do not seek my benefit, but that of the many "I do not do things I desire for myself, but things that help as many people as possible" - diff --git a/1co/10/intro.md b/1co/10/intro.md index 1a46d02119..a64a18e21d 100644 --- a/1co/10/intro.md +++ b/1co/10/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # 1 Corinthians 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Chapters 8-10 together answer the question: "Is it acceptable to eat meat that has been sacrificed to an idol?" In this chapter, Paul uses the exodus to warn people not to sin. Then he returns to discussing meat offered to idols. He uses the Lord's Supper as an example. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Exodus -#### Exodus Paul uses the experiences of Israel leaving Egypt and roaming the desert as a warning to the believers. Although the Israelites all followed Moses, God did not allow most of them to enter the Promised Land. Some worshiped an idol, some tested God, and some grumbled. Paul warns Christians not to sin. We can resist temptation because God provides a way of escape. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) - -#### Eating meat sacrificed to idol + +### Eating meat sacrificed to idol + Paul discusses meat offered to idols. Christians are allowed to eat, but doing so may hurt others. So when buying meat or eating meat with a friend, do not ask if it has been offered to idols. But if someone tells you it has been offered to idols, don't eat it for the sake of that person. Do not offend anyone. Seek to save them instead. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Paul uses many rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize important points as he teaches the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ Paul uses many rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize i * __[1 Corinthians 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/11/01.md b/1co/11/01.md index 01490f6af4..fe52579718 100644 --- a/1co/11/01.md +++ b/1co/11/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: After reminding them to follow him in the same way that he follows Christ, Paul gives some specific instructions about how women and men are to live as believers. - diff --git a/1co/11/02.md b/1co/11/02.md index fc5cfec907..da470f1c32 100644 --- a/1co/11/02.md +++ b/1co/11/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you hold firmly Paul speaks of the Corinthians believing what he taught them and obeying his commands as if he had given them a solid object that they were holding on to while someone tried to take it away. Alternate translation: "you believe and practice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/03.md b/1co/11/03.md index cecd14e673..8a77028ef2 100644 --- a/1co/11/03.md +++ b/1co/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ has authority over # a man is the head of a woman Possible meanings are 1) "men are to have authority over women" or 2) "the husband is to have authority over the wife" - diff --git a/1co/11/04.md b/1co/11/04.md index a66949ff69..5e13e6f45c 100644 --- a/1co/11/04.md +++ b/1co/11/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to have some kind of garment on his head that covers his hair. # dishonors his head Possible meanings are 1) "brings disgrace on himself" or 2) "brings disgrace on Christ, who is his head." - diff --git a/1co/11/05.md b/1co/11/05.md index 483ca64832..4b48c6eae9 100644 --- a/1co/11/05.md +++ b/1co/11/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ That is, without the cloth that was worn on the top of the head and that covered # as if her head were shaved as if she had removed all the hair on her head with a razor - diff --git a/1co/11/06.md b/1co/11/06.md index 2e616295a6..c82736814f 100644 --- a/1co/11/06.md +++ b/1co/11/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It was a mark of disgrace or humiliation for a woman to have her hair shaved off # cover her head place on her head the cloth that was worn on the top of the head and that covered the hair and shoulders - diff --git a/1co/11/07.md b/1co/11/07.md index 40b6401d4a..f59bfb9952 100644 --- a/1co/11/07.md +++ b/1co/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are # glory of the man Just as man reflects God's greatness, the woman reflects the man's character. - diff --git a/1co/11/08.md b/1co/11/08.md index 1285f5859a..5791144f20 100644 --- a/1co/11/08.md +++ b/1co/11/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For man was not made from woman. Instead, woman was made from man God made the woman by taking a bone from the man and making the woman from that bone. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God did not make the man from the woman. Instead, he made the woman from the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/09.md b/1co/11/09.md index ce04a9ff1e..d61df85510 100644 --- a/1co/11/09.md +++ b/1co/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For neither ... for man These words and all of [1 Corinthians 11:8](../11/08.md) could be put in parentheses so that the reader can see that the word "this" in "this is why ... the angels" clearly refers back to the words "the woman is the glory of the man" in [1 Corinthians 11:7](../11/07.md). - diff --git a/1co/11/10.md b/1co/11/10.md index 89f770c61d..713e47ac7a 100644 --- a/1co/11/10.md +++ b/1co/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have a symbol of authority on her head Possible meanings are 1) "to symbolize that she has man as her head" or 2) "to symbolize that she has the authority to pray or prophesy." - diff --git a/1co/11/11.md b/1co/11/11.md index 7e800c6975..4bddf29631 100644 --- a/1co/11/11.md +++ b/1co/11/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "among Christians, who belong to the Lord" or 2) "in th # the woman is not independent from the man, nor is the man independent from the woman This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "the woman depends on the man, and the man depends on the woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/12.md b/1co/11/12.md index da3757a671..2b51927594 100644 --- a/1co/11/12.md +++ b/1co/11/12.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # For as the woman comes from the man, so does the man come from the woman -This means that the first woman, Eve, was made from the rib of the first man, Adam, and since then all men have been born by women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) + +This means that the first woman, Eve, was made from the rib of the first man, Adam, and since then all men have been born by women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # all things come from God "God created everyone and everything" or "God created all" - diff --git a/1co/11/13.md b/1co/11/13.md index 5708241ecf..b997647341 100644 --- a/1co/11/13.md +++ b/1co/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Is it proper for a woman to pray to God with her head uncovered? Paul expects the Corinthians to agree with him. This can be stated in active form. "To honor God as she prays to him, a woman should have a covering on her head." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/14.md b/1co/11/14.md index 2a0141adf7..1375a8a929 100644 --- a/1co/11/14.md +++ b/1co/11/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul expects the Corinthians to agree with him. Alternate translation: "Nature i # Does not even nature itself teach you ... for him? He is speaking of the way people in society normally act as if it were a person who teaches. Alternate translation: "You know just from looking at the way people normally act ... for him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/15.md b/1co/11/15.md index 3514479dda..af5b6fac1c 100644 --- a/1co/11/15.md +++ b/1co/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For her hair has been given to her This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For God created woman with hair" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/16.md b/1co/11/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/11/16.md +++ b/1co/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/11/17.md b/1co/11/17.md index d7d43773c9..05532ac467 100644 --- a/1co/11/17.md +++ b/1co/11/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Another possible meaning is "as I give you these instructions, there is somethin # it is not for the better but for the worse "you do not help each other; instead, you harm each other" - diff --git a/1co/11/18.md b/1co/11/18.md index c2de83b538..540fa85447 100644 --- a/1co/11/18.md +++ b/1co/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # there are divisions among you "you divide yourselves into opposing groups" - diff --git a/1co/11/19.md b/1co/11/19.md index acb2979ed5..507e868e77 100644 --- a/1co/11/19.md +++ b/1co/11/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings 1) Paul is being ironic to shame the Corinthians for dividing # factions opposing groups of people - diff --git a/1co/11/20.md b/1co/11/20.md index 4dfffaa724..e6f37770da 100644 --- a/1co/11/20.md +++ b/1co/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it is not the Lord's Supper that you eat "you may believe you are eating the Lord's Supper, but you are not, because you do not treat it with respect" - diff --git a/1co/11/21.md b/1co/11/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/11/21.md +++ b/1co/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/11/22.md b/1co/11/22.md index 251e9f4dd9..5565586e8b 100644 --- a/1co/11/22.md +++ b/1co/11/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ embarrass or cause to feel shame # What should I say to you? Should I praise you? Paul is rebuking the Corinthians. Alternate translation: "I can say nothing good about this. I cannot praise you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/23.md b/1co/11/23.md index 671150daf5..64237a9883 100644 --- a/1co/11/23.md +++ b/1co/11/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # on the night when he was betrayed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "on the night that Judas Iscariot betrayed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/24.md b/1co/11/24.md index 98029a4989..10105b7ecc 100644 --- a/1co/11/24.md +++ b/1co/11/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # This is my body "The bread I am holding is my body" - diff --git a/1co/11/25.md b/1co/11/25.md index 981f16a7c3..19e0f11865 100644 --- a/1co/11/25.md +++ b/1co/11/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is best to translate this literally. The Corinthians knew which cup he took, # Do this as often as you drink it, to remember me "Drink from this cup, and as often as you drink from it, remember me" - diff --git a/1co/11/26.md b/1co/11/26.md index acce320c58..5eb49dc59f 100644 --- a/1co/11/26.md +++ b/1co/11/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ teach about the crucifixion and resurrection # until he comes Where Jesus comes to can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "until Jesus comes back to the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/27.md b/1co/11/27.md index cacbef4013..d648eb5562 100644 --- a/1co/11/27.md +++ b/1co/11/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord "eats the bread of the Lord or drinks the cup of the Lord" - diff --git a/1co/11/28.md b/1co/11/28.md index 993b9d632a..3273e17a07 100644 --- a/1co/11/28.md +++ b/1co/11/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # examine Paul speaks of a person looking at his relationship to God and how he has been living his life as if that person is looking over something he wants to buy. See how "test the quality" is translated in [1 Corinthians 3:13](../03/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/29.md b/1co/11/29.md index fa88ab7e6c..5ddcc43e40 100644 --- a/1co/11/29.md +++ b/1co/11/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # without discerning the body Possible meanings are 1) "and does not recognize that the church is the body of the Lord" or 2) "and does not consider that he is handling the Lord's body." - diff --git a/1co/11/30.md b/1co/11/30.md index d880ca72d3..e6c9e204f4 100644 --- a/1co/11/30.md +++ b/1co/11/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words mean almost the same thing and can be combined, as in UDB. # some of you If this would sound like Paul is talking to those who have died, you may need to make explicit that he is not. Alternate translation: "some of the members of your group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/31.md b/1co/11/31.md index 88c3483273..93842008dd 100644 --- a/1co/11/31.md +++ b/1co/11/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of a person looking at his relationship to God and how he has been l # we will not be judged This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not judge us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/32.md b/1co/11/32.md index 64e2091668..516c1d8bc1 100644 --- a/1co/11/32.md +++ b/1co/11/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined, so that we may not be condemned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Lord judges us, he disciplines us, so that he will not condemn us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/33.md b/1co/11/33.md index 39585c9039..caa5360916 100644 --- a/1co/11/33.md +++ b/1co/11/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wait for one another "allow the others to arrive before beginning the meal" - diff --git a/1co/11/34.md b/1co/11/34.md index 994e7c5fc0..34d118d4fd 100644 --- a/1co/11/34.md +++ b/1co/11/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it will not be for judgment "it will not be an occasion for God to discipline you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/11/intro.md b/1co/11/intro.md index cc583bf8e1..4f20bae101 100644 --- a/1co/11/intro.md +++ b/1co/11/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,28 @@ # 1 Corinthians 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the beginning of a new section of the letter (Chapters 11-14). Paul now talks about proper church services. In this chapter, he deals with two different problems: women in the church services (verses 1-16) and the Lord's Supper (verses 17-34). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Proper conduct in a church service +### Proper conduct in a church service + +### Disorderly women -#### Disorderly women Paul's instructions here are debated among scholars. There may have been women who were abusing their Christian freedom and causing disorder in the church by going against established cultural customs. The disorder that their actions created would have caused him to be concerned. -#### The Lord's Supper +### The Lord's Supper + There were problems in how the Corinthians were handling the Lord's Supper. They did not act in a unified manner. During the feast celebrated along with the Lord's Supper, some of them ate their own food without sharing. Some of them got drunk while the poor people remained hungry. Paul taught that the believers dishonored Christ's death if they participated in the Lord's Supper while they were sinning or while they were in broken relationships with each other. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reconcile]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions Paul uses rhetorical questions to scold the people for their unwillingness to follow the rules for worship he has suggested. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -#### The head +### The head Paul uses "head" as a metonym for authority in verse 3 and also to refer to a person's actual head in verse 4 and following. Since the verses are so close together, it is likely that Paul intentionally used "head" in this way. This would show that the ideas in these verses are connected. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) @@ -29,4 +31,3 @@ Paul uses "head" as a metonym for authority in verse 3 and also to refer to a pe * __[1 Corinthians 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/12/01.md b/1co/12/01.md index 2a0f76c560..e6cefdfea6 100644 --- a/1co/12/01.md +++ b/1co/12/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul lets the Corinthians know that God has given special gifts to believers. Th # I do not want you to be uninformed This can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: "I want you to be informed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/02.md b/1co/12/02.md index 947a699956..fc0be6eb24 100644 --- a/1co/12/02.md +++ b/1co/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you were led astray to idols who could not speak, in whatever ways you were led by them Here "led astray" is a metaphor for being persuaded to do something wrong. Being led astray to idols represents being wrongly persuaded to worship idols. The phrases "were led astray" and "you were led by them" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you were persuaded in some way to worship idols who cannot speak" or "you believed lies somehow and so you worshiped idols who cannot speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/03.md b/1co/12/03.md index ed9639cb6d..479cee09a5 100644 --- a/1co/12/03.md +++ b/1co/12/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that "by the Holy Spirit" is what makes it possi # by the Holy Spirit "with the help of the Holy Spirit" or "by the power that the Holy Spirit gives him" - diff --git a/1co/12/04.md b/1co/12/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/12/04.md +++ b/1co/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/12/05.md b/1co/12/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/12/05.md +++ b/1co/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/12/06.md b/1co/12/06.md index ff4ebef86d..bbbe8f9199 100644 --- a/1co/12/06.md +++ b/1co/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # works all in all Possible meanings are 1) "makes active all the gifts in everyone who has received them" or 2) "works all things in all people." - diff --git a/1co/12/07.md b/1co/12/07.md index f05c0770f1..9e243c5e31 100644 --- a/1co/12/07.md +++ b/1co/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to each one is given This can be stated in active form. God is the one who does the giving ([1 Corinthians 12:6](../12/06.md)). Alternate translation: "God gives to each one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/08.md b/1co/12/08.md index 47db360e90..e096c27dc8 100644 --- a/1co/12/08.md +++ b/1co/12/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul is communicating one idea through two words. Alternate translation: "wise w # the word of knowledge Paul is communicating one idea through two words. Alternate translation: "words that show knowledge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/09.md b/1co/12/09.md index 3b1bd553db..df6ed813e1 100644 --- a/1co/12/09.md +++ b/1co/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. See how this is translated in [1 Corinthians # to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit The words "are given" are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit are given" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/10.md b/1co/12/10.md index 5e1eb7100c..666d1a991b 100644 --- a/1co/12/10.md +++ b/1co/12/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "is given by the same Spirit" is understood from the previous phrases # the interpretation of tongues This is the ability to listen to what someone says in one language and use another language to tell people what that person is saying. Alternate translation: "the ability to interpret what is said in other languages" - diff --git a/1co/12/11.md b/1co/12/11.md index 00e5467fd2..1ca9c0b51a 100644 --- a/1co/12/11.md +++ b/1co/12/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one and the same Spirit God gives the gifts through the work of the one and only Holy Spirit. See how this is translated in [1 Corinthians 12:8](../12/08.md). - diff --git a/1co/12/12.md b/1co/12/12.md index 5f81c6cc8f..3c77794903 100644 --- a/1co/12/12.md +++ b/1co/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Paul continues to talk of the variety of gifts God gives believers. God gives different gifts to different believers, but Paul wants them to know that all believers are made into one body, which is called the body of Christ. For this reason believers should have unity. - diff --git a/1co/12/13.md b/1co/12/13.md index 4d0919843c..5a7ce162f8 100644 --- a/1co/12/13.md +++ b/1co/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the Holy Spirit is the one who baptizes us, "For one Sp # all were made to drink of one Spirit This is a metaphor meaning everyone received and share in the same Spirit. The phrase "all were made" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God gave us all the same Spirit, which we share as people might share a drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/14.md b/1co/12/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/12/14.md +++ b/1co/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/12/15.md b/1co/12/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/12/15.md +++ b/1co/12/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/12/16.md b/1co/12/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/12/16.md +++ b/1co/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/12/17.md b/1co/12/17.md index 67405b1ccc..24b01edbd1 100644 --- a/1co/12/17.md +++ b/1co/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where would the sense of hearing be? ... where would the sense of smell be? This can be made a statement. Alternate translation: "you could not hear anything. ... you could not smell anything." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/18.md b/1co/12/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/12/18.md +++ b/1co/12/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/12/19.md b/1co/12/19.md index 5c50b88783..086fc81c0e 100644 --- a/1co/12/19.md +++ b/1co/12/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "member" is a general word for the parts of the body, like the head, ar # where would the body be? This can be made a statement. Alternate translation: "there would be no body." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/20.md b/1co/12/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/12/20.md +++ b/1co/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/12/21.md b/1co/12/21.md index a6000dbacf..044c2cc2f8 100644 --- a/1co/12/21.md +++ b/1co/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have no need of you "I do not need you" - diff --git a/1co/12/22.md b/1co/12/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/12/22.md +++ b/1co/12/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/12/23.md b/1co/12/23.md index 7a8b82ab7e..dc4550697b 100644 --- a/1co/12/23.md +++ b/1co/12/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # our unpresentable members This probably refers to the private parts of the body, which people keep covered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/24.md b/1co/12/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/12/24.md +++ b/1co/12/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/12/25.md b/1co/12/25.md index 919b221747..8f840ed8de 100644 --- a/1co/12/25.md +++ b/1co/12/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there may be no division within the body, but "the body may be unified, and" - diff --git a/1co/12/26.md b/1co/12/26.md index 3109917e32..bd8f597e03 100644 --- a/1co/12/26.md +++ b/1co/12/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one member is honored This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone gives honor to one member" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/27.md b/1co/12/27.md index 7711eb9a8b..55b6874a30 100644 --- a/1co/12/27.md +++ b/1co/12/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now you are Here the word "now" is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. - diff --git a/1co/12/28.md b/1co/12/28.md index 69d558b21e..3a900f4925 100644 --- a/1co/12/28.md +++ b/1co/12/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings for "first" are 1) the first in the list or 2) the most import # those who have various kinds of tongues Here "tongues" represents languages. Alternate translation: "those who have the ability to speak different languages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/29.md b/1co/12/29.md index e9bd2afaa0..47a8c25abb 100644 --- a/1co/12/29.md +++ b/1co/12/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is reminding his readers of what they already know. # Are all of them apostles? Are all prophets? Are all teachers? Do all do miracles? The answer Paul expects to all of these rhetorical questions is no. You may need to translate them as statements. Alternate translation: "Not all of them are apostles, are they? Not all are prophets, are they? Not all are teachers, are they? Not all do miracles, do they?" or "You and I all know that not all of them are apostles, not all are prophets, not all are teachers, and not all do powerful deeds." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/30.md b/1co/12/30.md index c73e095141..359c8fc017 100644 --- a/1co/12/30.md +++ b/1co/12/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be a statement. Alternate translation: "Not all of them interpret tongu # interpret tongues Here "tongues" represents languages. To "interpret tongues" means to listen to what someone says in one language and use another language to tell people what that person is saying. Alternate translation: "interpret what is said in other languages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/12/31.md b/1co/12/31.md index feb7878f49..85acfd6540 100644 --- a/1co/12/31.md +++ b/1co/12/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zealously seek the greater gifts. Possible meanings are 1) "You must eagerly seek from God the gifts that best help the church." or 2) "You are eagerly looking for gifts that you think are greater because you think they are more exciting to have." - diff --git a/1co/12/intro.md b/1co/12/intro.md index dadde2cbb6..287c30318f 100644 --- a/1co/12/intro.md +++ b/1co/12/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,25 @@ # 1 Corinthians 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Gifts of the Holy Spirit +### Gifts of the Holy Spirit -This chapter begins a new section. Chapters 12-14 discuss spiritual gifts within the church. +This chapter begins a new section. Chapters 12-14 discuss spiritual gifts within the church. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The church, the body of Christ +### The church, the body of Christ This is an important metaphor in Scripture. The church has many different parts. Each part has different functions. They combine to make one church. All of the different parts are necessary. Each part is to be concerned for all the other parts, even those that seem less important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "No one can say, 'Jesus is Lord,' except by the Holy Spirit." -In reading the Old Testament, the Jews would have substituted the word "Lord" for the word "Yahweh." This sentence probably means that no one can say that Jesus is Yahweh, God in the flesh, without the Holy Spirit's influence drawing them to accept this truth. If this statement is translated poorly, it can have unintended theological consequences. +### "No one can say, 'Jesus is Lord,' except by the Holy Spirit." + +In reading the Old Testament, the Jews would have substituted the word "Lord" for the word "Yahweh." This sentence probably means that no one can say that Jesus is Yahweh, God in the flesh, without the Holy Spirit's influence drawing them to accept this truth. If this statement is translated poorly, it can have unintended theological consequences. ## Links: * __[1 Corinthians 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/13/01.md b/1co/13/01.md index 059c98d528..2659e0cb1c 100644 --- a/1co/13/01.md +++ b/1co/13/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a large, thin, round metal plate that is hit with a padded stick to make a loud, # a clanging cymbal a thin, round metal plate that is hit with a padded stick to make a loud, high-pitched sound (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1co/13/02.md b/1co/13/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/13/02.md +++ b/1co/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/13/03.md b/1co/13/03.md index 2b2a49d66c..272650330c 100644 --- a/1co/13/03.md +++ b/1co/13/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I give my body to be burned The phrase "to be burned" can be made active. Alternate translation: "I allow those who persecute me to burn me to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/13/04.md b/1co/13/04.md index 7b3997b1a6..342b3ea0de 100644 --- a/1co/13/04.md +++ b/1co/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Love is ... Love is not ... It is not Paul describes the characteristics of love by speaking about love as if it were a person. Alternate translation: "Whoever loves is ... He is not ... He is not" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/1co/13/05.md b/1co/13/05.md index f4b6e741f6..5a8363a960 100644 --- a/1co/13/05.md +++ b/1co/13/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "seek" here means to desire and work for something. The person who love # nor does it keep a count of wrongs The person who loves others does not keep a record of the wrongs that people have done to him. - diff --git a/1co/13/06.md b/1co/13/06.md index bffeb1f67d..56880ea4f2 100644 --- a/1co/13/06.md +++ b/1co/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to describe the characteristics of love by speaking about love as # does not rejoice in unrighteousness. Instead, it rejoices in the truth This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "rejoices only in righteousness and truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/1co/13/07.md b/1co/13/07.md index 3e46c9d185..3321e6d95f 100644 --- a/1co/13/07.md +++ b/1co/13/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "all things" here appears to be an idiom meaning "always". Alternate # hopes all things This means that whoever loves others always expects that what is good will happen. - diff --git a/1co/13/08.md b/1co/13/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/13/08.md +++ b/1co/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/13/09.md b/1co/13/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/13/09.md +++ b/1co/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/13/10.md b/1co/13/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/13/10.md +++ b/1co/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/13/11.md b/1co/13/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/13/11.md +++ b/1co/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/13/12.md b/1co/13/12.md index a67e22859b..3b446baf08 100644 --- a/1co/13/12.md +++ b/1co/13/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "Christ" is understood. Alternate translation: "I will know Christ full # just as I have been fully known This can be stated as active. Alternate translation: "just as Christ has known me fully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/13/13.md b/1co/13/13.md index 988dc886ba..c4df48be8e 100644 --- a/1co/13/13.md +++ b/1co/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # faith, hope, and love These abstract nouns can be expressed in phrases with verbs. Alternate translation: "we must trust the Lord, be confident that he will do what he has promised, and love him and others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1co/13/intro.md b/1co/13/intro.md index f9ee403853..ff074f5cee 100644 --- a/1co/13/intro.md +++ b/1co/13/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # 1 Corinthians 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul seems to interrupt his teaching about spiritual gifts to speak about love. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Love +### Love Love is the most important characteristic of the believer. This chapter fully describes love. Paul tells why love is more important than the gifts of the Spirit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Paul uses many different metaphors in this chapter. He uses these metaphors to instruct the Corinthians, especially on difficult topics. Readers often need spiritual discernment to understand these teachings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul uses many different metaphors in this chapter. He uses these metaphors to i * __[1 Corinthians 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/14/01.md b/1co/14/01.md index 4d52bbc9b0..62e6ad3ccf 100644 --- a/1co/14/01.md +++ b/1co/14/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of love as if it were a person. Alternate translation: "Follow after # especially that you may prophesy "and work especially hard to be able to prophesy" - diff --git a/1co/14/02.md b/1co/14/02.md index 220a787673..19184d859b 100644 --- a/1co/14/02.md +++ b/1co/14/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the Spirit Possible meanings are 1) the person speaks by the power of the Holy Spirit or 2) he speaks in his own spirit. - diff --git a/1co/14/03.md b/1co/14/03.md index d254080be7..56f7b4660a 100644 --- a/1co/14/03.md +++ b/1co/14/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Building people up represents helping them become mature and strong in their fai # to exhort them or "to encourage them" - diff --git a/1co/14/04.md b/1co/14/04.md index 196e6da37c..16ebc4c6b8 100644 --- a/1co/14/04.md +++ b/1co/14/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # builds up Building people up represents helping them become mature and strong in their faith. See how you translated "builds up" in [1 Corinthians 8:1](../08/01.md). Alternate translation: "strengthens people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/05.md b/1co/14/05.md index 8cf8e89f8b..8e158f58ae 100644 --- a/1co/14/05.md +++ b/1co/14/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to listen to what someone says in one language and use another langua # the church may receive edification The abstract noun "edification" can be translated using the verb "edify," which means to build something up. This is a metonym for the words through which the people in the church learn God's word and love God more, and the word "church" here is a metonym for the people who make up the church. Alternate translation: "the people in the church may become stronger" or "the one who prophesies may help the people know and love God better" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/06.md b/1co/14/06.md index 5a80f6c646..a0a896abc9 100644 --- a/1co/14/06.md +++ b/1co/14/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # how will I benefit you? This can be a statement. Alternate translation: "I will not benefit you." or "I will not have done anything that helps you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/07.md b/1co/14/07.md index bc12bdaa94..f7e1649f58 100644 --- a/1co/14/07.md +++ b/1co/14/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul wants the Corinthians to answer this themselves. Alternate translation: "no # tune melody or song - diff --git a/1co/14/08.md b/1co/14/08.md index 83bde6f4f7..b512453976 100644 --- a/1co/14/08.md +++ b/1co/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # how will anyone know when it is time to prepare for battle? Paul wants the Corinthians to answer this themselves. Alternate translation: "no one would know when it is time to prepare for battle." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/09.md b/1co/14/09.md index fa2cc75d67..d309ac818c 100644 --- a/1co/14/09.md +++ b/1co/14/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Clear speech is language that people can understand. Paul was talking about peop # how will what is said be understood These passive clauses can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "how will anyone understand what you have said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/10.md b/1co/14/10.md index d72342eaa9..b848d425d4 100644 --- a/1co/14/10.md +++ b/1co/14/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # none is without meaning This can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: "they all have meaning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/11.md b/1co/14/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/14/11.md +++ b/1co/14/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/14/12.md b/1co/14/12.md index 5790b1add6..0a8ca198b6 100644 --- a/1co/14/12.md +++ b/1co/14/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All instances of "you" and the imperatives are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # seek for the edification of the church so that you might abound Some modern translations read, "seek that you might abound in those things that edify the church." Paul speaks of the church as if it were a house that one could build. Alternate translation: "try to succeed greatly in making God's people more able to serve God so that things will go well with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/13.md b/1co/14/13.md index 4ee08922c0..bc429a1ef8 100644 --- a/1co/14/13.md +++ b/1co/14/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # interpret This means to listen to what someone says in one language and use another language to tell people what that person is saying. - diff --git a/1co/14/14.md b/1co/14/14.md index d51d84fc63..2825dcb457 100644 --- a/1co/14/14.md +++ b/1co/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my mind is unfruitful The mind not understanding what is being prayed and, therefore, receiving no benefit from the prayer is spoken of as if the "mind is unfruitful." Alternate translation: "I do not understand it in my mind" or "my mind does not benefit from the prayer, because I do not understand the words I am saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/15.md b/1co/14/15.md index 65fbdf7ddd..1ee2e6226c 100644 --- a/1co/14/15.md +++ b/1co/14/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Prayers and songs must be in a language that the people present can understand. # with my mind "with words that I understand" - diff --git a/1co/14/16.md b/1co/14/16.md index 98b358b668..3d0ad86887 100644 --- a/1co/14/16.md +++ b/1co/14/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "another person" or 2) "people who are new to your grou # say "Amen" "agree" - diff --git a/1co/14/17.md b/1co/14/17.md index 95da93ad32..afbacb7c51 100644 --- a/1co/14/17.md +++ b/1co/14/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is speaking to the Corinthians as if they were one person, so the word "you # the other person is not built up Building people up represents helping them become mature and strong in their faith. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated "builds up" in [1 Corinthians 8:1](../08/01.md). Alternate translation: "the other person is not strengthened" or "what you say does not strengthen any outsider who might hear you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/18.md b/1co/14/18.md index 7955f11f36..e8f2b1d58e 100644 --- a/1co/14/18.md +++ b/1co/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I speak in tongues Here "tongues" represents languages. Alternate translation: "I speak different languages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/19.md b/1co/14/19.md index 6fb8ff110a..7bc5f1be7a 100644 --- a/1co/14/19.md +++ b/1co/14/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # than ten thousand words in a tongue Paul was not counting words, but used exaggeration to emphasize that a few understandable words are far more valuable than even a great number of words in a language that people cannot understand. Also, here "tongue" represents a language. Alternate translation: "10,000 words in a different language" or "a great many words in a different language" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/20.md b/1co/14/20.md index 08db42cf1d..3333af7ca3 100644 --- a/1co/14/20.md +++ b/1co/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul tells the Corinthians that people being able to speak in different language # do not be children in your thinking Here "children" is a metaphor for being spiritually immature. Alternate translation: "do not think like children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/21.md b/1co/14/21.md index 1cd3272bd8..3c79faa5e1 100644 --- a/1co/14/21.md +++ b/1co/14/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The prophet wrote the # By men of strange tongues and by the lips of strangers These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are used together for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/22.md b/1co/14/22.md index 2bc5e8d4d4..2984c1706f 100644 --- a/1co/14/22.md +++ b/1co/14/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul gives specific instructions about an orderly way to use gifts in the church # sign, not for unbelievers, but for believers "sign only for believers" - diff --git a/1co/14/23.md b/1co/14/23.md index 2d5e1321ed..5a3b52e628 100644 --- a/1co/14/23.md +++ b/1co/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # would they not say that you are insane? This can be a statement. Alternate translation: "they would say that you are insane." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/24.md b/1co/14/24.md index 42746684e8..8e1b96ee7f 100644 --- a/1co/14/24.md +++ b/1co/14/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he would be convicted by all he hears. He would be judged by all that is said Paul says basically the same thing twice for emphasis. Alternate translation: "he would realize that he is guilty of sin because he hears what you are saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/25.md b/1co/14/25.md index 6874c824d5..42ad683b52 100644 --- a/1co/14/25.md +++ b/1co/14/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's thoughts. This can be stated in active # he would fall on his face and worship God "Fall on his face" here is an idiom, meaning to bow down. Alternate translation: "He would bow down and worship God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/26.md b/1co/14/26.md index ec46622d13..67850c7243 100644 --- a/1co/14/26.md +++ b/1co/14/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a question to introduce the next part of his message. Alternate transl # interpretation This is the ability to listen to what someone says in one language and use another language to tell people what that person is saying. - diff --git a/1co/14/27.md b/1co/14/27.md index 1bb6038f18..c44cb696de 100644 --- a/1co/14/27.md +++ b/1co/14/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "interpret what they s # interpret This means to listen to what someone says in one language and use another language to tell people what that person is saying. - diff --git a/1co/14/28.md b/1co/14/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/14/28.md +++ b/1co/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/14/29.md b/1co/14/29.md index 0251af4275..f4e1d6f956 100644 --- a/1co/14/29.md +++ b/1co/14/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) only two or three prophets speak at any one meeting or # to what is said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to what they say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/30.md b/1co/14/30.md index cef3920fbf..36c60d57b7 100644 --- a/1co/14/30.md +++ b/1co/14/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the first the person who has been speaking - diff --git a/1co/14/31.md b/1co/14/31.md index f196f64616..03483ea5cf 100644 --- a/1co/14/31.md +++ b/1co/14/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Only one person should prophesy at a time. # all may be exhorted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you may exhort all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/32.md b/1co/14/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/14/32.md +++ b/1co/14/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/14/33.md b/1co/14/33.md index e4254a4795..693a54d3b0 100644 --- a/1co/14/33.md +++ b/1co/14/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God is not a God of confusion God does not create confusing situations by making people all speak at the same time. - diff --git a/1co/14/34.md b/1co/14/34.md index 930ee47a37..907662e63f 100644 --- a/1co/14/34.md +++ b/1co/14/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # keep silent Possible meanings are 1) stop speaking, 2) stop speaking when someone is prophesying, or 3) be absolutely silent during the church service. - diff --git a/1co/14/35.md b/1co/14/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/14/35.md +++ b/1co/14/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/14/36.md b/1co/14/36.md index b830eeb1e0..b909cce4d0 100644 --- a/1co/14/36.md +++ b/1co/14/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul emphasizes that the Corinthians are not the only ones who understand what G # the word of God "Word of God" here is a metonym for the message from God. Alternate translation: "God's message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/37.md b/1co/14/37.md index 7ab4a2baeb..7aed321151 100644 --- a/1co/14/37.md +++ b/1co/14/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he should acknowledge A true prophet or truly spiritual person will accept Paul's writings as coming from the Lord. - diff --git a/1co/14/38.md b/1co/14/38.md index b3512fe65a..5c41f24699 100644 --- a/1co/14/38.md +++ b/1co/14/38.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # if anyone does not recognize this, let him not be recognized + "if anyone ignores this, let him be ignored" # let him not be recognized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you should not recognize him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/14/39.md b/1co/14/39.md index 9e7a5d0a9e..355f9fa449 100644 --- a/1co/14/39.md +++ b/1co/14/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not forbid anyone from speaking in tongues Paul makes it clear that speaking in tongues at a church gathering is permissible and acceptable. - diff --git a/1co/14/40.md b/1co/14/40.md index 158f0fb92f..e7b8158e69 100644 --- a/1co/14/40.md +++ b/1co/14/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But let all things be done properly and in order Paul is stressing that church gatherings should be held in an orderly manner. Alternate translation: "But do all things properly and in order" or "But do everything in an orderly, appropriate way" - diff --git a/1co/14/intro.md b/1co/14/intro.md index 4dd86123f1..645667ad6b 100644 --- a/1co/14/intro.md +++ b/1co/14/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # 1 Corinthians 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter, Paul returns to discussing spiritual gifts. Some translations set what is quoted from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the words of verse 21. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Tongues +### Tongues -Scholars disagree on the exact meaning of the gift of tongues. Paul describes the gift of tongues as a sign for unbelievers. It does not serve the whole church, unless someone interprets what is spoken. It is very important that the church uses this gift properly. +Scholars disagree on the exact meaning of the gift of tongues. Paul describes the gift of tongues as a sign for unbelievers. It does not serve the whole church, unless someone interprets what is spoken. It is very important that the church uses this gift properly. -#### Prophecy +### Prophecy Scholars disagree on the exact meaning of prophecy as a spiritual gift. Paul says prophets can build up the entire church. He describes prophecy as a gift for believers. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Scholars disagree on the exact meaning of prophecy as a spiritual gift. Paul say * __[1 Corinthians 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/15/01.md b/1co/15/01.md index 83d3f7212a..038c356c79 100644 --- a/1co/15/01.md +++ b/1co/15/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Paul wants to remind them by making the gospel known ag # on which you stand Paul is speaking of the Corinthians as if they were a house and the gospel as if it were the foundation on which the house was standing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/02.md b/1co/15/02.md index 68333b5d61..ff922c9ce6 100644 --- a/1co/15/02.md +++ b/1co/15/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. "God will save you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # the word I preached to you "the message I preached to you" - diff --git a/1co/15/03.md b/1co/15/03.md index 94f25e5e75..7c022bbc31 100644 --- a/1co/15/03.md +++ b/1co/15/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) as the most important of many things or 2) as the first # according to the scriptures "just as the propets predicted in the scriptures." Here "scriptures" means the Old Testament. - diff --git a/1co/15/04.md b/1co/15/04.md index 79c83ee34b..2027b6453a 100644 --- a/1co/15/04.md +++ b/1co/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God raised him" (See: # was raised "was caused to live again" - diff --git a/1co/15/05.md b/1co/15/05.md index 09dc90920a..61b961d36d 100644 --- a/1co/15/05.md +++ b/1co/15/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The information that is understood here can be included. Alternate translation: # to the twelve Paul used the term "the twelve" to mean the original disciples, known as apostles, that followed Jesus. Although, when Jesus appeared to the apostles, Judas had already died, Paul still refers to the groups as "twelve." Alternate translation: "to the rest of the apostles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/06.md b/1co/15/06.md index ce4c575a27..6500839764 100644 --- a/1co/15/06.md +++ b/1co/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # some have fallen asleep "Sleep" here is a common euphemism for death. Alternate translation: "some have died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/07.md b/1co/15/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/15/07.md +++ b/1co/15/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/15/08.md b/1co/15/08.md index a1068b0fa1..a1f21c6c45 100644 --- a/1co/15/08.md +++ b/1co/15/08.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ This is a simile, but its meaning is unclear. These words could refer to 1) a baby that is born unexpectedly early, in which case Paul means that he was unexpectedly called to be an apostle, or 2) a baby who is born early and is very small, in which case Paul means that he had not learned from Christ and grown spiritually as the other apostles had, or 3) a baby who is born dead, in which case Paul means that Christ appeared to him when he was spiritually dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) # one born prematurely -"a baby born too early" +"a baby born too early" diff --git a/1co/15/09.md b/1co/15/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/15/09.md +++ b/1co/15/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/15/10.md b/1co/15/10.md index 41d07e01d3..cb4c3a5653 100644 --- a/1co/15/10.md +++ b/1co/15/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is emphasizing through litotes that God worked through Paul. Alternate tran # the grace of God that is with me Paul speaks of the work he was able to do because God was kind to him as if grace were actually doing the work. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are 1) this is literally true, and God actually did the work and kindly used Paul as a tool or 2) Paul is using a metaphor and saying that God was kind to let Paul do the work and to make Paul's work have good results. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/11.md b/1co/15/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/15/11.md +++ b/1co/15/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/15/12.md b/1co/15/12.md index 221b007ddc..98505a1c27 100644 --- a/1co/15/12.md +++ b/1co/15/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is using this question to begin a new topic. Alternate translation: "you sh # raised made alive again - diff --git a/1co/15/13.md b/1co/15/13.md index 55871a2616..6e35cdce18 100644 --- a/1co/15/13.md +++ b/1co/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses this statement to argue that there is a resurrection of the dead. He k # not even Christ has been raised This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has not raised even Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/14.md b/1co/15/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/15/14.md +++ b/1co/15/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/15/15.md b/1co/15/15.md index 384047b6ac..e39136d870 100644 --- a/1co/15/15.md +++ b/1co/15/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is arguing that if Christ did not rise from the dead, then they are bearing # we are found to be This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everyone will realize that we are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/16.md b/1co/15/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/15/16.md +++ b/1co/15/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/15/17.md b/1co/15/17.md index 41040f424f..f14e901b76 100644 --- a/1co/15/17.md +++ b/1co/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your faith is in vain and you are still in your sins Their faith is based on Christ having risen from the dead, so if that did not happen, their faith will do them no good. - diff --git a/1co/15/18.md b/1co/15/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/15/18.md +++ b/1co/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/15/19.md b/1co/15/19.md index fb3521982f..6ac423b224 100644 --- a/1co/15/19.md +++ b/1co/15/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here to hope in Christ is to confidently expect good from him. Alternate transla # of all people we are most to be pitied "people should feel sorry for us more than they do for anyone else" - diff --git a/1co/15/20.md b/1co/15/20.md index 4d16b29bbb..4125ac888e 100644 --- a/1co/15/20.md +++ b/1co/15/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "firstfruits" is a metaphor, comparing Christ to the first of the harvest, # those who sleep Sleep here is a euphemism for death. Alternate translation: "those who have died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/21.md b/1co/15/21.md index 3255ae9533..48d2301bbc 100644 --- a/1co/15/21.md +++ b/1co/15/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "death" can be expressed with the verb "die." Alternate transl # by a man also came the resurrection of the dead The abstract noun "resurrection" can be expressed with the verb "raise." Alternate translation: "people are raised from the dead because of another man" or "people will become alive again because of what one man did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/22.md b/1co/15/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/15/22.md +++ b/1co/15/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/15/23.md b/1co/15/23.md index 49188453de..88e2f34143 100644 --- a/1co/15/23.md +++ b/1co/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who is the firstfruits Here "firstfruits" is a metaphor, comparing Christ to the first of the harvest, which would be followed by the rest of the harvest. Christ was the first to be raised from the dead. Alternate translation: "who is like the first part of the harvest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/24.md b/1co/15/24.md index a46969fb56..112c558b9e 100644 --- a/1co/15/24.md +++ b/1co/15/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "he" refers to Christ. # he will abolish all rule and all authority and power "he will stop those people who rule, who have authority, and who have power, from doing what they are doing" - diff --git a/1co/15/25.md b/1co/15/25.md index e4c7386a56..99139d4a7e 100644 --- a/1co/15/25.md +++ b/1co/15/25.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ - # For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet -Possible meanings are 1) all occurrences of "he" and "his" refer to Christ or 2) "For Christ must reign until God the Father has put all Christ's enemies under Christ's feet" -# until he has put all his enemies under his feet -Kings who won wars would put their feet on the necks of those whom they had defeated to their power over their enemies. Alternate translation: "until he has put all his enemies under his power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) +Possible meanings are 1) all occurrences of "he" and "his" refer to Christ or 2) "For Christ must reign until God the Father has put all Christ's enemies under Christ's feet" + +# until he has put all his enemies under his feet + +Kings who won wars would put their feet on the necks of those whom they had defeated to their power over their enemies. Alternate translation: "until he has put all his enemies under his power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) diff --git a/1co/15/26.md b/1co/15/26.md index e0ae26203f..911dd13000 100644 --- a/1co/15/26.md +++ b/1co/15/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The last enemy to be destroyed is death Paul speaks of death here as if it were a person who will be killed. The passive verb can be stated as active. Possible meanings are 1) Christ will destroy death or 2) God the Father will destroy death. Alternate translation: "The final enemy that he will destroy is death itself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/27.md b/1co/15/27.md index a7ecb19691..79aec20e52 100644 --- a/1co/15/27.md +++ b/1co/15/27.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ # he has put everything under his feet + Possible meanings are 1) "God the Father has put everything under Christ's feet" or 2) "Christ has put everything under his own feet" # put everything under his feet + Kings who won wars would put their feet on the necks of those whom they had defeated to show they have power over their enemies. See how "put ... under his feet" is translated in [1 Corinthians 15:25](../15/25.md). Alternate translation: "put everything under his power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # this does not include the one who put everything in subjection under him "this does not include God the Father, who put everything in subjection under the Son" - diff --git a/1co/15/28.md b/1co/15/28.md index c598486431..f978caa962 100644 --- a/1co/15/28.md +++ b/1co/15/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In the previous verses he was referred to as "Christ." Alternate translation: "C # Son This is an important title that describes the relationship between Jesus and God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/29.md b/1co/15/29.md index 0b6765c4d1..ab61ccaeb6 100644 --- a/1co/15/29.md +++ b/1co/15/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "If God does not r # why are they baptized for them? Paul uses this question to teach the Corinthians. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "there would be no reason for them to have people baptize them on behalf of dead people." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/30.md b/1co/15/30.md index fc004693b5..4cf6313d2d 100644 --- a/1co/15/30.md +++ b/1co/15/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why then are we in danger every hour? Paul uses this question to teach the Corinthians. The reason he and others were in danger is that some people were angry that they taught that Jesus will raise people from death. Alternate translation: "If people will not rise from the dead, we gain nothing by being in danger every hour for teaching that people will rise." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/31.md b/1co/15/31.md index 5a6bd1ea5f..9dec67c2ae 100644 --- a/1co/15/31.md +++ b/1co/15/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul boasted in them because of what Christ Jesus had done for them. Alternate t # my boasting in you "the way I tell other people how good you are" - diff --git a/1co/15/32.md b/1co/15/32.md index 2fd702f229..2494194d58 100644 --- a/1co/15/32.md +++ b/1co/15/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is referring to something that he actually did. Possible meanings are 1) Pa # Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die Paul concludes that if there is no further life after death, it is better for us to enjoy this life as we can, for tomorrow our life will end without any further hope. - diff --git a/1co/15/33.md b/1co/15/33.md index ec64480f5c..fa75012c44 100644 --- a/1co/15/33.md +++ b/1co/15/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bad company corrupts good morals If you live with bad people, you will act like them. Paul is quoting a common saying. - diff --git a/1co/15/34.md b/1co/15/34.md index 816ef95db3..f7424ad3da 100644 --- a/1co/15/34.md +++ b/1co/15/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sober up "You must think seriously about this" - diff --git a/1co/15/35.md b/1co/15/35.md index 04854277e6..151ef46059 100644 --- a/1co/15/35.md +++ b/1co/15/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) The person is asking sincerely or 2) the person is usin # with what kind of body will they come That is, will it be a physical body or a spiritual body? What shape will the body have? What will the body be made of? Translate using the most general question that someone who wants to know the answers to these questions would ask. - diff --git a/1co/15/36.md b/1co/15/36.md index 1e8d817a36..f1b46c8891 100644 --- a/1co/15/36.md +++ b/1co/15/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is speaking to the Corinthians as if they were one person, so both instance # What you sow will not come to life unless it dies A seed will not grow unless it is first buried underground. In the same way, a person has to die before God can resurrect him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/37.md b/1co/15/37.md index fb70082f4e..00e640edcf 100644 --- a/1co/15/37.md +++ b/1co/15/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses the metaphor of the seed again to say that God will resurrect the dead # What you sow Paul is speaking to the Corinthians as if they were one person, so the word "you" here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/38.md b/1co/15/38.md index 105d133703..b1ffe14843 100644 --- a/1co/15/38.md +++ b/1co/15/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God will give it a body as he chooses "God will decide what kind of body it will have" - diff --git a/1co/15/39.md b/1co/15/39.md index 7f940890bf..18223da0a8 100644 --- a/1co/15/39.md +++ b/1co/15/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Not all flesh is the same ... there is one flesh ... another flesh "Not all kinds of bodies are the same ... there is one kind of body ... another kind of body" - diff --git a/1co/15/40.md b/1co/15/40.md index c0103128b3..bffec12327 100644 --- a/1co/15/40.md +++ b/1co/15/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # glory Possible meanings are 1) "brightness" or "radiance" or 2) "beauty" or "splendor" - diff --git a/1co/15/41.md b/1co/15/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/15/41.md +++ b/1co/15/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/15/42.md b/1co/15/42.md index 99e5aa87d5..88488c92fc 100644 --- a/1co/15/42.md +++ b/1co/15/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of a person's body being buried as if it were a seed that is p # is perishable ... is imperishable "can rot ... cannot rot" - diff --git a/1co/15/43.md b/1co/15/43.md index 181980e5b4..5c9b46a0be 100644 --- a/1co/15/43.md +++ b/1co/15/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is sown ... it is raised The writer speaks of a person's body being buried as if it were a seed that is planted in the ground. And he speaks of a person's body being raised from the dead as if it were a plant growing from the seed. The passive verbs can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It goes into the ground ... it comes out of the ground" or "People bury it ... God raises it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/44.md b/1co/15/44.md index 181980e5b4..5c9b46a0be 100644 --- a/1co/15/44.md +++ b/1co/15/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is sown ... it is raised The writer speaks of a person's body being buried as if it were a seed that is planted in the ground. And he speaks of a person's body being raised from the dead as if it were a plant growing from the seed. The passive verbs can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It goes into the ground ... it comes out of the ground" or "People bury it ... God raises it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/45.md b/1co/15/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/15/45.md +++ b/1co/15/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/15/46.md b/1co/15/46.md index 75653409ee..d37f201c18 100644 --- a/1co/15/46.md +++ b/1co/15/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # natural created by earthly processes, not yet connected to God - diff --git a/1co/15/47.md b/1co/15/47.md index 9165d0506f..83a3e4574d 100644 --- a/1co/15/47.md +++ b/1co/15/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God made the first man, Adam, from the dust of the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # dust dirt - diff --git a/1co/15/48.md b/1co/15/48.md index 7df9acd04f..09a53d18d4 100644 --- a/1co/15/48.md +++ b/1co/15/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus Christ # those who are of heaven "those who belong to God" - diff --git a/1co/15/49.md b/1co/15/49.md index 4f87116af3..66b98ef3c3 100644 --- a/1co/15/49.md +++ b/1co/15/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we have borne the image of the man of dust, we will also bear the image of the man of heaven "we have been just like the man of dust, we will also be just like the man of heaven" - diff --git a/1co/15/50.md b/1co/15/50.md index 9128bd0661..79db76dcd4 100644 --- a/1co/15/50.md +++ b/1co/15/50.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if property and wealth # is perishable ... is imperishable "can rot ... cannot rot." See how these words are translated in [1 Corinthians 15:42](../15/42.md). - diff --git a/1co/15/51.md b/1co/15/51.md index 33a86592b8..a98835f3fa 100644 --- a/1co/15/51.md +++ b/1co/15/51.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ -We will not all sleep +# We will not all sleep Sleep here is a euphemism for death. Alternate translation: "We will not all die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) # we will all be changed This can be stated as active. Alternate translation: "God will change us all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/52.md b/1co/15/52.md index 0f998b2538..7842e14055 100644 --- a/1co/15/52.md +++ b/1co/15/52.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will raise th # imperishable "in a form that cannot rot." See how a similar phrase is translated in [1 Corinthians 15:42](../15/42.md). - diff --git a/1co/15/53.md b/1co/15/53.md index 5561df4484..d1966b3a34 100644 --- a/1co/15/53.md +++ b/1co/15/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # must put on Paul is speaking of God making our bodies so they will never die again as if God were putting new clothes on us. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/54.md b/1co/15/54.md index fdc414a3b5..0f94efa523 100644 --- a/1co/15/54.md +++ b/1co/15/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the body is spoken of as if it were a person, and becoming imperishable is # when this mortal body has put on immortality Here the body is spoken of as if it were a person, and becoming immortal is spoken of as if being immortal was clothing that a body would wear. Alternate translation: "when this mortal body has become immortal" or "when this body that can die can no longer die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/55.md b/1co/15/55.md index 94a5da8e3d..6a6589a618 100644 --- a/1co/15/55.md +++ b/1co/15/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks as if death were a person, and he uses this question to mock the pow # your ... your These are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/56.md b/1co/15/56.md index a0b76d667b..60accb380d 100644 --- a/1co/15/56.md +++ b/1co/15/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is through sin that we are destined to face death, that is, to die. # the power of sin is the law God's law that was passed down by Moses defines sin and shows us how we sin before God. - diff --git a/1co/15/57.md b/1co/15/57.md index 11746e6434..b16a7d3f3c 100644 --- a/1co/15/57.md +++ b/1co/15/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gives us the victory "has defeated death for us" - diff --git a/1co/15/58.md b/1co/15/58.md index ae9064c9e3..9c6e917905 100644 --- a/1co/15/58.md +++ b/1co/15/58.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of someone who lets nothing stop him from doing what he has decided # Always abound in the work of the Lord Paul speaks of efforts made in working for the Lord as if they were objects that a person could acquire more of. Alternate translation: "Always work for the Lord faithfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/15/intro.md b/1co/15/intro.md index a66319f69a..ba052c67fb 100644 --- a/1co/15/intro.md +++ b/1co/15/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ # 1 Corinthians 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +### Resurrection -#### Resurrection This chapter includes a very important teaching about the resurrection of Jesus. The Greek people did not believe that people could live after they died. Paul defends the resurrection of Jesus. He teaches why it is important to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Resurrection -#### Resurrection Paul presents the resurrection as the ultimate proof that Jesus is God. Christ is the first of many whom God will raise to life. The resurrection is central to the gospel. Few doctrines are as important as this one. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/goodnews]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/raise]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -Paul uses many different figures of speech in this chapter. He uses them to express difficult theological teachings in a way that people can understand. +Paul uses many different figures of speech in this chapter. He uses them to express difficult theological teachings in a way that people can understand. ## Links: * __[1 Corinthians 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1co/16/01.md b/1co/16/01.md index d3761a658b..b8657092d3 100644 --- a/1co/16/01.md +++ b/1co/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In his closing notes, Paul reminds the Corinthian believers to collect money for # for God's holy people Paul was collecting money from his churches for the poor Jewish Christians in Jerusalem and Judea. - diff --git a/1co/16/02.md b/1co/16/02.md index 9eb879413e..7e6f2dc3f3 100644 --- a/1co/16/02.md +++ b/1co/16/02.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ Possible meanings are: 1) "keep it at home" or 2) "leave it with the church" # as he may prosper -"according to how he prospers" or "according to how much he earns" +"according to how he prospers" or "according to how much he earns" # so that there will be no collections when I come "so that you will not have to collect more money while I am with you" - diff --git a/1co/16/03.md b/1co/16/03.md index 4749929fae..0e4a257d97 100644 --- a/1co/16/03.md +++ b/1co/16/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to whomever you approve, I will give letters of introduction to them and will send them Some modern translations read, "to whomever you have approved by letter of introduction, I will send" - diff --git a/1co/16/04.md b/1co/16/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/16/04.md +++ b/1co/16/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/16/05.md b/1co/16/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/16/05.md +++ b/1co/16/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/16/06.md b/1co/16/06.md index 2e7f0b81bc..9a1e341f7f 100644 --- a/1co/16/06.md +++ b/1co/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you may help me on my way This means they might give Paul money or other things he needs so that he and his ministry team could continue to travel. - diff --git a/1co/16/07.md b/1co/16/07.md index 99c7ad6e71..7cc4b3b5db 100644 --- a/1co/16/07.md +++ b/1co/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I hope to spend more time with you, if the Lord permits Paul wanted to see the believers in Corinth, but he did not know if he actually would be able to do that. Alternate translation: "I expect to spend more time with you, if the Lord permits" or "I plan to spend more time with you, if the Lord permits" - diff --git a/1co/16/08.md b/1co/16/08.md index ef9c1e6525..2a3ddc4cb9 100644 --- a/1co/16/08.md +++ b/1co/16/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pentecost Paul would stay in Ephesus until this festival, which comes in May or June, 50 days after Passover. He would then travel through Macedonia, and later try to arrive in Corinth before winter started. - diff --git a/1co/16/09.md b/1co/16/09.md index 07b2c48d19..2c71d4d2ad 100644 --- a/1co/16/09.md +++ b/1co/16/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a wide door has opened Paul speaks of the opportunity God has given him to win people to the gospel as if it were a door that God had opened so he could walk through it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/16/10.md b/1co/16/10.md index 34eab8c2f2..6d3d30750e 100644 --- a/1co/16/10.md +++ b/1co/16/10.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # Now + "Now" here marks a change in topic. Here Paul begins to talk about Timothy's visit to Corinth. # see that he is with you unafraid "see that he has no cause to fear being with you" - diff --git a/1co/16/11.md b/1co/16/11.md index aab8070460..d98e996d05 100644 --- a/1co/16/11.md +++ b/1co/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let no one despise him Because Timothy was much younger than Paul, sometimes he was not shown the respect he deserved as a minister of the gospel. - diff --git a/1co/16/12.md b/1co/16/12.md index 84a3b60983..2a77cfbde8 100644 --- a/1co/16/12.md +++ b/1co/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our brother Apollos Here the word "our" refers to Paul and his readers, so it is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1co/16/13.md b/1co/16/13.md index fe330c9754..1775205d29 100644 --- a/1co/16/13.md +++ b/1co/16/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of people continuing to believe in Christ according to his teaching # act like men In the society in which Paul and his audience lived, men usually provided for families by doing the heavy work and fighting against invaders. This can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "be responsible" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1co/16/14.md b/1co/16/14.md index e4fd424436..04edbd8603 100644 --- a/1co/16/14.md +++ b/1co/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let all that you do be done in love "Everything you do should show people that you love them" - diff --git a/1co/16/15.md b/1co/16/15.md index c0fb975761..f61ee9ee1a 100644 --- a/1co/16/15.md +++ b/1co/16/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Stephanas was one of the first believers in the church at Corinth. (See: [[rc:// # Achaia This is the name of a province in Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1co/16/16.md b/1co/16/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/16/16.md +++ b/1co/16/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/16/17.md b/1co/16/17.md index 138a1e79b2..b166a0e66e 100644 --- a/1co/16/17.md +++ b/1co/16/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # They have made up for your absence "They made up for the fact that you were not here." - diff --git a/1co/16/18.md b/1co/16/18.md index 4385c65826..27fe86a6ec 100644 --- a/1co/16/18.md +++ b/1co/16/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is saying he was encouraged by their visit. # acknowledge people like them The word "acknowledge" here might be an understatement. Paul wants the Corinthians to honor Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus ([1 Corinthians 16:17](./17.md)) and others like them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1co/16/19.md b/1co/16/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/16/19.md +++ b/1co/16/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/16/20.md b/1co/16/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/16/20.md +++ b/1co/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/16/21.md b/1co/16/21.md index 29849dd4e5..30227cb3ff 100644 --- a/1co/16/21.md +++ b/1co/16/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I, Paul, write this with my own hand Paul was making it clear that the instructions in this letter are from him, even though one of his co-laborers wrote what Paul was saying in the rest of the letter. Paul wrote this last part with his own hand. - diff --git a/1co/16/22.md b/1co/16/22.md index 97b908bd20..b6134ebb9c 100644 --- a/1co/16/22.md +++ b/1co/16/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # may he be accursed "may God curse him." See how "accursed" was translated in [1 Corinthians 12:3](../12/03.md). - diff --git a/1co/16/23.md b/1co/16/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/16/23.md +++ b/1co/16/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/16/24.md b/1co/16/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1co/16/24.md +++ b/1co/16/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1co/16/intro.md b/1co/16/intro.md index e3b45f43af..22b772bf66 100644 --- a/1co/16/intro.md +++ b/1co/16/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # 1 Corinthians 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Paul briefly covers many topics in this chapter. It was common in the ancient Near East for the last part of letters to have personal greetings. +Paul briefly covers many topics in this chapter. It was common in the ancient Near East for the last part of letters to have personal greetings. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Preparation for his coming +### Preparation for his coming Paul gives practical instructions to help prepare the Corinthian church for his visit. He tells them to start collecting money every Sunday for the believers in Jerusalem. He hopes to come and spend the winter with them. He tells them to help Timothy when he comes. He had hopes Apollos would go to them, but Apollos did not think it was the right time. Paul also tells them to obey Stephanus. Finally, he sends his greetings to everyone. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Paul gives practical instructions to help prepare the Corinthian church for his * __[1 Corinthians 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/1co/front/intro.md b/1co/front/intro.md index a497a66f41..858c006c22 100644 --- a/1co/front/intro.md +++ b/1co/front/intro.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ ### Who wrote the Book of 1 Corinthians? -Paul wrote 1 Corinthians. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus. +Paul wrote 1 Corinthians. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus. Paul started the church that met in Corinth. He was staying in the city of Ephesus when he wrote this letter. @@ -62,16 +62,15 @@ Paul frequently used the terms "flesh" or "fleshly" to refer to Christians who d This kind of expression occurs in 1:2, 30, 31; 3:1; 4:10, 15, 17; 6:11, 19; 7:22; 9:1, 2; 11:11, 25; 12:3, 9, 13, 18, 25; 14:16; 15:18, 19, 22, 31, 58; 16:19, 24. Paul used these phrases to express the idea of a very close union between Jesus Christ and believers--that believers belong to Christ. Belonging to Christ means the believer is saved and is made a friend with God. These phrases also have specific meanings that depend on how Paul used them in a particular passage. Depending on the the context, the word “in” can mean “because of,” “by means of,” “that agrees with,” “in submission to,” “in the manner of,” or “in regard to.” The translator may represent those more immediate senses. But, if possible, it would be good for the translator to choose a word or phrase that represents both the immediate sense and the sense of “in union with.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inchrist]]) - + ### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of 1 Corinthians? For the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. Translators are advised to follow the modern versions of the Bible. However, if in the translators' region there are Bibles that read according to older versions of the Bible, the translators can follow those. If so, these verses should be put inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that they were probably not original to 1 Corinthians. * "Therefore glorify God with your body." Some older translations read "Therefore glorify God with your body and in your spirit, which are God's." (6:20) * "I did this even though I myself was not under the law" (9:20). Some older versions leave this passage out. -* "for the sake of conscience—the conscience of the other man." Some older translations read "for the sake of conscience: for the earth and everything in it belong to the Lord: the conscience of the other man." (10:28) +* "for the sake of conscience—the conscience of the other man." Some older translations read "for the sake of conscience: for the earth and everything in it belong to the Lord: the conscience of the other man." (10:28) * "and that I give my body to be burned" (13:3). Some older translations read, "and that I give my body so that I might boast." * "But if anyone does not recognize this, let him not be recognized" (14:38). Some older translations read, "But if anyone is ignorant of this, let him be ignorant." -(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - +(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) diff --git a/1jn/01/01.md b/1jn/01/01.md index 3f99b5bafe..0ba36293de 100644 --- a/1jn/01/01.md +++ b/1jn/01/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is repeated for emphasis. Alternate translation: "which we ourselves have s # life The word "life" throughout this letter refers to more than physical life. Here "life" refers to being alive spiritually. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/01/02.md b/1jn/01/02.md index a3e735be5b..ce497b6415 100644 --- a/1jn/01/02.md +++ b/1jn/01/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here, "the eternal life" refers to the one who gives that life, Jesus. Alternate # and which has been made known to us This was when he lived on earth. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and which the Father has made known to us" or "and who came to live among us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1jn/01/03.md b/1jn/01/03.md index ba9a84444d..6b4c7af015 100644 --- a/1jn/01/03.md +++ b/1jn/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is not clear if John is including or excluding his readers. You may translate # Father ... Son These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/01/04.md b/1jn/01/04.md index 63bbae3dc9..ed3540c474 100644 --- a/1jn/01/04.md +++ b/1jn/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that our joy will be complete "to make our joy complete" or "to make ourselves completely happy" - diff --git a/1jn/01/05.md b/1jn/01/05.md index a9b3c3a58a..e0e7b29a89 100644 --- a/1jn/01/05.md +++ b/1jn/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a metaphor that means that God is perfectly pure and holy. Cultures that # in him there is no darkness at all This is a metaphor that means that God never sins and is not evil in any way. Cultures that associate evil with darkness may be able to keep the idea of darkness without explaining the metaphor. Alternate translation: "in him there is nothing that is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/01/06.md b/1jn/01/06.md index b08b496b66..89c52dadff 100644 --- a/1jn/01/06.md +++ b/1jn/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # walk in darkness Here "walk" is a metaphor for how a person lives or behaves. Here "darkness" is a metaphor for "evil." Alternate translation: "do what is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/01/07.md b/1jn/01/07.md index e9fd0d276e..f664b41b2d 100644 --- a/1jn/01/07.md +++ b/1jn/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the death of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/01/08.md b/1jn/01/08.md index 2967b8e97d..a92ed2d736 100644 --- a/1jn/01/08.md +++ b/1jn/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the truth is not in us The truth is spoken of as if it were an object that could be inside believers. Alternate translation: "we do not believe what God says is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/01/09.md b/1jn/01/09.md index c4829b8c3d..96e02e5551 100644 --- a/1jn/01/09.md +++ b/1jn/01/09.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # he is faithful + "God is faithful" # to forgive us our sins and cleanse us from all unrighteousness These two phrases mean basically the same thing. John uses them to emphasize that God will surely forgive our sins. Alternate translation: "and will completely forgive us for what we have done wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1jn/01/10.md b/1jn/01/10.md index e0058d4f01..4313f9b7cb 100644 --- a/1jn/01/10.md +++ b/1jn/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that a person who claims to be without sin would be calling God a # his word is not in us "Word" here is a metonym for "message." Obeying and honoring God's word is spoken of as if his word were inside the believers. Alternate translation: "we do not understand God's word and do not obey what he says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/01/intro.md b/1jn/01/intro.md index b05ae4785c..a0c875dc37 100644 --- a/1jn/01/intro.md +++ b/1jn/01/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,22 @@ # 1 John 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is a letter that John wrote to Christians. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Christians and sin -#### Christians and sin In this chapter John teaches that all Christians are still sinners. But God continues to forgive a Christian's sins. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphors +### Metaphors In this chapter John writes that God is light. Light is a metaphor for understanding and righteousness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -John also writes about people walking in the light or in the darkness. Walking is a metaphor for behaving or living. People who walk in the light understand what is righteous and do it. People who walk in the darkness may not understand what is righteous, and they do what is sinful. +John also writes about people walking in the light or in the darkness. Walking is a metaphor for behaving or living. People who walk in the light understand what is righteous and do it. People who walk in the darkness may not understand what is righteous, and they do what is sinful. ## Links: @@ -23,4 +24,3 @@ John also writes about people walking in the light or in the darkness. Walking i * __[1 John intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1jn/02/01.md b/1jn/02/01.md index 62c54bcef9..9f219ca884 100644 --- a/1jn/02/01.md +++ b/1jn/02/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ John was an elderly man and their leader. He used this expression to show his lo # we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ, the one who is righteous The word "advocate" here refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: "we have Jesus Christ, the one who is righteous, who speaks to the Father and asks him to forgive us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/02.md b/1jn/02/02.md index e6618de6ae..4a57826801 100644 --- a/1jn/02/02.md +++ b/1jn/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is the atoning sacrifice for our sins "God is no longer angry with us because Jesus sacrificed his own life for our sins" - diff --git a/1jn/02/03.md b/1jn/02/03.md index 570293cb44..2f93842672 100644 --- a/1jn/02/03.md +++ b/1jn/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if we keep his commandments "if we obey what he commands" - diff --git a/1jn/02/04.md b/1jn/02/04.md index a3d84ff1d3..b859cf6cd7 100644 --- a/1jn/02/04.md +++ b/1jn/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # the truth is not in him The truth is spoken of as if it were an object that could be inside the believers. Alternate translation: "he does not believe what God says is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/05.md b/1jn/02/05.md index c79a3d5d93..b03f76dfba 100644 --- a/1jn/02/05.md +++ b/1jn/02/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "the love of God" re # By this we know that we are in him The phrase "we are in him" means that the believer has fellowship with God. Alternate translation: "When we obey what God says, we can be certain that we have fellowship with him" or "By this we know that are joined to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/06.md b/1jn/02/06.md index c7adc325e3..31deaf3fa0 100644 --- a/1jn/02/06.md +++ b/1jn/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To remain in God means to continue to have fellowship with God. Alternate transl # should himself also walk just as he walked Conducting one's life is spoken of as if it were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "must live as he lived" or "should also obey God just as Jesus Christ did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/07.md b/1jn/02/07.md index 34f5190963..ca96691f6b 100644 --- a/1jn/02/07.md +++ b/1jn/02/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here, "beginning" refers to when they decided to follow Christ. Alternate transl # The old commandment is the word that you heard "The old commandment is the message that you heard" - diff --git a/1jn/02/08.md b/1jn/02/08.md index 2d226772eb..d8fad287ae 100644 --- a/1jn/02/08.md +++ b/1jn/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the darkness is passing away, and the true light is already shining Here "darkness" is a metaphor for "evil," and "light" is a metaphor for "good." Alternate translation: "you are ceasing to do evil and you are doing more and more good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/09.md b/1jn/02/09.md index 1dc6a2ea5e..51222c27cf 100644 --- a/1jn/02/09.md +++ b/1jn/02/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here to be "in the light" is a metaphor for doing what is right. Alternate trans # is in the darkness Here to be "in the darkness" is a metaphor for doing what is evil. Alternate translation: "does what is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/10.md b/1jn/02/10.md index 9a79ebfa4f..551ddc57a1 100644 --- a/1jn/02/10.md +++ b/1jn/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there is no occasion for stumbling in him "nothing will cause him to stumble." The word "stumbling" is a metaphor that means to fail spiritually or morally. Alternate translation: "nothing will cause him to sin" or "he will not fail to do what is pleasing to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/11.md b/1jn/02/11.md index 1d64240c51..02644ee6bf 100644 --- a/1jn/02/11.md +++ b/1jn/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor for the believer who is not living as a Christian should be l # the darkness has blinded his eyes "the darkness has made him unable to see." Darkness is a metaphor for sin or evil. Alternate translation: "sin has made it impossible for him to understand the truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/12.md b/1jn/02/12.md index ae06b38b3b..0f3a9f3607 100644 --- a/1jn/02/12.md +++ b/1jn/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God forgives your sin # because of his name "his name" refers to Christ and who he is. Alternate translation: "because of what Christ has done for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/13.md b/1jn/02/13.md index 250ba60caa..4e4c7afed9 100644 --- a/1jn/02/13.md +++ b/1jn/02/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This possibly refers to those who are no longer new believers but are growing in # overcome The writer is speaking of the believers' refusal to follow Satan and of their frustrating his plans as if it were a matter of conquering him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/14.md b/1jn/02/14.md index b2f8d6f0dd..fd9f71ad58 100644 --- a/1jn/02/14.md +++ b/1jn/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "strong" refers not to believers' physical strength, but to their faithfuln # the word of God remains in you "Word of God" here is a metonym for the message from God. The writer refers to the believers' increased faithfulness to Christ and knowledge of him as if he were speaking of God's word existing in them. Alternate translation: "God's message continues to teach you" or "you know the word of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/15.md b/1jn/02/15.md index c988e8e84a..d31892a4c9 100644 --- a/1jn/02/15.md +++ b/1jn/02/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person cannot love this world and all that dishonors God and love the Father a # the love of the Father is not in him "he does not love the Father" - diff --git a/1jn/02/16.md b/1jn/02/16.md index 7cc0460bbc..90dacb40d4 100644 --- a/1jn/02/16.md +++ b/1jn/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # is not from the Father "does not come from the Father" or "is not how the Father teaches us to live" - diff --git a/1jn/02/17.md b/1jn/02/17.md index 1aa7e01d69..cabde594a4 100644 --- a/1jn/02/17.md +++ b/1jn/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are passing away "pass away" or "will one day not be here" - diff --git a/1jn/02/18.md b/1jn/02/18.md index 3f83b8abe0..6ca6cf8b42 100644 --- a/1jn/02/18.md +++ b/1jn/02/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "the last hour" refers to the time just before Jesus returns. Alterna # have come. By this we know "have come, and because of this we know" or "have come, and because many antichrists have come, we know" - diff --git a/1jn/02/19.md b/1jn/02/19.md index b658daff5b..c6f764bb90 100644 --- a/1jn/02/19.md +++ b/1jn/02/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # For if they had been from us they would have remained with us "We know this because they would not have left us if they really had been believers" - diff --git a/1jn/02/20.md b/1jn/02/20.md index 1011819770..68ac746b7f 100644 --- a/1jn/02/20.md +++ b/1jn/02/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: "Jesus, the Holy One" (See: [[rc:// # you all know Your language might allow you to use the abstract noun "knowledge" here. If your language requires you to state what it is that the readers know, be as general as possible. Alternate translation: "you all have knowledge" or "you all know what is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/21.md b/1jn/02/21.md index d8a2f5e878..6fba792bc7 100644 --- a/1jn/02/21.md +++ b/1jn/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the truth ... no lie is from the truth The abstract noun "truth" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "what is true ... no lie comes from what is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/22.md b/1jn/02/22.md index 8fa6a77bcc..b6a8e1c3a1 100644 --- a/1jn/02/22.md +++ b/1jn/02/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # Father ... Son These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/23.md b/1jn/02/23.md index c5d7d529b0..771d3a1be9 100644 --- a/1jn/02/23.md +++ b/1jn/02/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # has the Father "belongs to the Father" - diff --git a/1jn/02/24.md b/1jn/02/24.md index 38bfd53acc..91d2612bd6 100644 --- a/1jn/02/24.md +++ b/1jn/02/24.md @@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ This marks John's telling them how they should live as followers of Jesus instea The word "remains" is talking about relationship, not salvation. Alternate translation: "If you continue to trust what we first taught you" # also remain in the Son and in the Father -To "remain in" means to continue to have fellowship with. See how you translated a similar phrase to "remain in" in [1 John 2:6](../02/06.md). Alternate translation: "also continue to have fellowship with the Son and with the Father" or "also stay joined to the Son and to the Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +To "remain in" means to continue to have fellowship with. See how you translated a similar phrase to "remain in" in [1 John 2:6](../02/06.md). Alternate translation: "also continue to have fellowship with the Son and with the Father" or "also stay joined to the Son and to the Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/1jn/02/25.md b/1jn/02/25.md index 688a36d6c8..e45c047088 100644 --- a/1jn/02/25.md +++ b/1jn/02/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # life The word "life" throughout this letter refers to more than physical life. Here "life" refers to being alive spiritually. See how you translated this in [1 John 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/26.md b/1jn/02/26.md index 8e1fd84695..aadfdcffdd 100644 --- a/1jn/02/26.md +++ b/1jn/02/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who would lead you astray Here "lead you astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: "those who want to deceive you" or "those who want to make you believe lies about Jesus Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/27.md b/1jn/02/27.md index e3171ecd06..69574443db 100644 --- a/1jn/02/27.md +++ b/1jn/02/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ John speaks of the Holy Spirit as if he were "the anointing" that the people hav # as his anointing teaches you everything Here the word "everything" is a generalization. Alternate translation: "because his anointing teaches you everything that you need to know" or "because his Spirit teaches you everything that you need to know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1jn/02/28.md b/1jn/02/28.md index d8ecc7a904..33a2923d80 100644 --- a/1jn/02/28.md +++ b/1jn/02/28.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ having no fear # at his coming "when he comes again" - diff --git a/1jn/02/29.md b/1jn/02/29.md index df3cd62e0b..c9e603139c 100644 --- a/1jn/02/29.md +++ b/1jn/02/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has been born from him "has been born of God" or "is God's child" - diff --git a/1jn/02/intro.md b/1jn/02/intro.md index 511ebc1481..cb42e78709 100644 --- a/1jn/02/intro.md +++ b/1jn/02/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,20 @@ # 1 John 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Antichrist +### Antichrist In this chapter John writes about both a specific antichrist and many antichrists. The word "antichrist" means "opposed to Christ." The antichrist is a person who will come in the last days and imitate Jesus's work, but he will do it for evil. Before this person comes, there will be many people who work against Christ; they too are called "antichrists." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/antichrist]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor -There are several groups of similar metaphors that are used throughout this chapter. +There are several groups of similar metaphors that are used throughout this chapter. -Being in God is a metaphor for having fellowship with God, and God's word and truth being in people is a metaphor for people knowing and obeying God's word. +Being in God is a metaphor for having fellowship with God, and God's word and truth being in people is a metaphor for people knowing and obeying God's word. -Walking is a metaphor for behaving, not knowing where one is going is a metaphor for not knowing how to behave, and stumbling is a metaphor for sinning. +Walking is a metaphor for behaving, not knowing where one is going is a metaphor for not knowing how to behave, and stumbling is a metaphor for sinning. The light is a metaphor for knowing and doing what is right, and darkness and blindness are metaphors for not knowing what is right and doing what is wrong. @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Leading people astray is a metaphor for teaching people things that are not true * __[1 John 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1jn/03/01.md b/1jn/03/01.md index 3391540ba8..756a449f8b 100644 --- a/1jn/03/01.md +++ b/1jn/03/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Because we are the children of God and because the wor # the world does not know us, because it did not know him Here "the world" refers to people who do not honor God. What the world did not know can be made explicit: Alternate translation: "those who do not honor God do not know that we belong to God, because they did not know God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/02.md b/1jn/03/02.md index 89503ebfb6..6e9c6d957a 100644 --- a/1jn/03/02.md +++ b/1jn/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form: Alternate translation: "God has not yet revea # revealed This can mean here either "told," "demonstrated," or "shown." - diff --git a/1jn/03/03.md b/1jn/03/03.md index ef9295bfb1..ea5f8d4730 100644 --- a/1jn/03/03.md +++ b/1jn/03/03.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ The word "him" refers to Christ. Having hope in Christ means expecting that because of Christ, what is hoped for will happen. Alternate translation: "Everyone who has this hope because of Christ" or "Everyone who trusts Christ to fulfill this hope" # who has this hope in him + The phrase "this hope" refers to the hope of being like Christ, as mentioned in the previous verse. Here to have hope is to confidently expect something good. Alternate translation: "who confidently expects in Christ to become like Christ" or "who confidently waits for Christ to cause him to become like Christ" # purifies himself just as he is pure "keeps himself pure because Christ is pure" - diff --git a/1jn/03/04.md b/1jn/03/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1jn/03/04.md +++ b/1jn/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1jn/03/05.md b/1jn/03/05.md index 66296122ee..fd3e592523 100644 --- a/1jn/03/05.md +++ b/1jn/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Christ was revealed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Christ appeared" or "the Father revealed Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/06.md b/1jn/03/06.md index 530b12f543..530e87898e 100644 --- a/1jn/03/06.md +++ b/1jn/03/06.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # remains in him + To remain in someone means to continue to have fellowship with him. See how you translated "remains in God" in [1 John 2:6](../02/06.md). Alternate translation: "continues to have fellowship with him" or "stays joined with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # No one ... has seen him or known him John uses the words "seen" and "known" to say that the person who sins has never met Christ in a spiritual sense. A person behaving according to his sinful nature cannot know Christ. Alternate translation: "No one ... has ever truly believed in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/07.md b/1jn/03/07.md index fc4083c875..3178981c57 100644 --- a/1jn/03/07.md +++ b/1jn/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "lead you astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something # The one who does righteousness is righteous, just as Christ is righteous "He who does what is right is pleasing to God just as Christ is pleasing to God." - diff --git a/1jn/03/08.md b/1jn/03/08.md index f4cf88f063..d08996ba97 100644 --- a/1jn/03/08.md +++ b/1jn/03/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God revealed his Son" # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/09.md b/1jn/03/09.md index 00781cb65e..d310a18818 100644 --- a/1jn/03/09.md +++ b/1jn/03/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of the Holy Spirit, whom God gives to believers and who makes them a # he has been born of God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has given him new spiritual life" or "he is a child of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/10.md b/1jn/03/10.md index bd686b7879..c14b8d5b44 100644 --- a/1jn/03/10.md +++ b/1jn/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This is how we know w # his brother Here "brother" means fellow Christians. - diff --git a/1jn/03/11.md b/1jn/03/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1jn/03/11.md +++ b/1jn/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1jn/03/12.md b/1jn/03/12.md index 7283e069f6..bf66904df1 100644 --- a/1jn/03/12.md +++ b/1jn/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ John uses a question to teach his audience. This can be translated as a statemen # his works were evil and his brother's righteous The words "works were" are also understood in the second phrase. Alternate translation: "Cain's works were evil and his brother's works were righteous" or "Cain did evil things and his brother did what was right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/13.md b/1jn/03/13.md index 4b765926ac..0482f7362e 100644 --- a/1jn/03/13.md +++ b/1jn/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if the world hates you Here the word "world" refers to the people who do not honor God. Alternate translation: "if those who do not honor God hate you who do honor God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/14.md b/1jn/03/14.md index 605373d7a6..873546aa1f 100644 --- a/1jn/03/14.md +++ b/1jn/03/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "life" throughout this letter refers to more than physical life. Here " # remains in death "is still spiritually dead" - diff --git a/1jn/03/15.md b/1jn/03/15.md index 2088c99a54..0838e1f67a 100644 --- a/1jn/03/15.md +++ b/1jn/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John speaks of a person who hates another believer as if he were a murderer. Sin # no murderer has eternal life residing in him "Eternal life" does refer to believers living forever after they have died, but it is also the power that God gives believers in this life to help them to stop sinning and to do what please him. Here eternal life is spoken of as if it were a person that could live in someone. Alternate translation: "a murderer does not have the power of spiritual life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/16.md b/1jn/03/16.md index 0f2a9c16e2..452de9dfa5 100644 --- a/1jn/03/16.md +++ b/1jn/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Christ laid down his life for us This expression means "Christ willingly gave his life for us" or "Christ willingly died for us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/17.md b/1jn/03/17.md index 049ac6472e..9c28584cae 100644 --- a/1jn/03/17.md +++ b/1jn/03/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for "thoughts" or "emotions." Here "shuts up his heart # how does the love of God remain in him? John uses a question to teach his audience. Alternate translation: "God's love is not in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/18.md b/1jn/03/18.md index 8b4e91afa8..7c9f8037e2 100644 --- a/1jn/03/18.md +++ b/1jn/03/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrases "in word" and "in tongue" both refer to what a person says. Alternat # in actions and truth The words "let us love" are understood here. Alternate translation: "let us love in actions and truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/19.md b/1jn/03/19.md index 4524cb0a15..6ab8928791 100644 --- a/1jn/03/19.md +++ b/1jn/03/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People living according to the truth is spoken of as they were "from the truth." # we assure our hearts The word "heart" here refers to feelings. Alternate translation: "we do not feel guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/20.md b/1jn/03/20.md index 7346376904..de7673ff2b 100644 --- a/1jn/03/20.md +++ b/1jn/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hearts" is a metonym for people's thoughts or consciences. Here "hearts co # God is greater than our hearts Here "hearts" is metonym for people's thoughts or consciences. For God to be "greater than our hearts" means that God knows more than a person. Therefore he can judge things better than a person can. The effect of this truth is probably that God is more merciful than our consciences would suppose. Alternate translation: "God knows more than we do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/21.md b/1jn/03/21.md index 57c040156e..172b98e659 100644 --- a/1jn/03/21.md +++ b/1jn/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beloved, if "You people whom I love, if" or "Dear friends, if." See how you translated this in [1 John 2:7](../02/07.md). - diff --git a/1jn/03/22.md b/1jn/03/22.md index fe5ef4b0b9..958125336c 100644 --- a/1jn/03/22.md +++ b/1jn/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do the things that are pleasing before him Here "before him" represents God's opinion or what he thinks about something. Alternate translation: "do the things that are pleasing to him" or "do what pleases him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/23.md b/1jn/03/23.md index 2f31b5e865..f20577ff1f 100644 --- a/1jn/03/23.md +++ b/1jn/03/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "commandment" can be stated as "command." Alternate translatio # Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/03/24.md b/1jn/03/24.md index 9ba8593063..7c5f23bc93 100644 --- a/1jn/03/24.md +++ b/1jn/03/24.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ To remain in someone means to continue to have fellowship with him. See how you translated "remains in God" in [1 John 2:6](../02/06.md). Alternate translation: "continues to have fellowship with him, and God continues to have fellowship with him" or "stays joined with him, and God stays joined with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # he remains in us -To remain in someone means to continue to have fellowship with him. Alternate translation: "God continues to have fellowship with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +To remain in someone means to continue to have fellowship with him. Alternate translation: "God continues to have fellowship with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/1jn/03/intro.md b/1jn/03/intro.md index f0906a7ceb..12fdffa6a1 100644 --- a/1jn/03/intro.md +++ b/1jn/03/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,27 @@ # 1 John 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Children of God -#### Children of God God created all people, but people can only become children of God by believing in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### Cain +### Cain + Cain was a son of the first man, Adam, and the first woman, Eve. He was jealous of his brother and murdered him. Readers may not know who Cain was if they have not read Genesis. It may help them if you explain this to them. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "To know" -#### "To know" The verb "to know" is used in two different ways in this chapter. Sometimes it is used about knowing a fact, as in 3:2, 3:5, and 3:19. Sometimes it means to experience and understand someone or something, as in 3:1, 3:6, 3:16, and 3:20. Some languages have different words for these different meanings. -#### "He who keeps God's commandments remains in him, and God remains in him" -Many scholars believe this is about remaining in God's will and is not about being saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) +### "He who keeps God's commandments remains in him, and God remains in him" + +Many scholars believe this is about remaining in God's will and is not about being saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: * __[1 John 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1jn/04/01.md b/1jn/04/01.md index e650285e85..49859805a3 100644 --- a/1jn/04/01.md +++ b/1jn/04/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here, the word "spirit" refers to a spiritual power or being that gives a person # test the spirits Here, the word "spirits" refers to a spiritual power or being that gives a person a message or prophecy. Alternate translation: "think carefully about what the prophet says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/02.md b/1jn/04/02.md index 0db31031bb..d8ed9d0224 100644 --- a/1jn/04/02.md +++ b/1jn/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has come in the flesh Here "flesh" represents the human body. Alternate translation: "has come as a human being" or "has come in a physical body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/03.md b/1jn/04/03.md index 39d7115183..cc32fee7ff 100644 --- a/1jn/04/03.md +++ b/1jn/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is the spirit of the antichrist, which you have heard is coming, and now is already in the world "These are prophets opposed to Christ, whom you have heard are coming, and now are already in the world" - diff --git a/1jn/04/04.md b/1jn/04/04.md index dfa327d207..7900ebb0f1 100644 --- a/1jn/04/04.md +++ b/1jn/04/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ John was an elderly man and their leader. He used this expression to show his lo # the one who is in the world Here "the one" refers to the devil. Here "the world" represents the people of the world. Alternate translation: "the devil who is in the people of the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/05.md b/1jn/04/05.md index 000efa50f7..60b82bed3b 100644 --- a/1jn/04/05.md +++ b/1jn/04/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "from the world" is in contrast to being from God. Here "the world" represe # and the world listens to them The words "the world" are a metonym for people who do not obey God. Alternate translation: "so the people who do not obey God listen to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/06.md b/1jn/04/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1jn/04/06.md +++ b/1jn/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1jn/04/07.md b/1jn/04/07.md index b5de55de71..f798626709 100644 --- a/1jn/04/07.md +++ b/1jn/04/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ John continues to teach about the new nature. He teaches his readers about God's # born from God This is a metaphor which means someone has a relationship to God like a child to his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/08.md b/1jn/04/08.md index 6a7e3c0702..627e8fbb48 100644 --- a/1jn/04/08.md +++ b/1jn/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The person who does not love does not know God, for God is love The phrase "God is love" a metaphor which means "the character of God is love." Alternate translation: "Those who do not love their fellow believers do not know God, because the character of God is to love people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/09.md b/1jn/04/09.md index 4493b7854f..c0fc4cef13 100644 --- a/1jn/04/09.md +++ b/1jn/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The noun "love" can be translated as a verb. This phrase can be made active. Alt # so that we would live because of him "to enable us to live eternally because of what Jesus did" - diff --git a/1jn/04/10.md b/1jn/04/10.md index fd5f550c85..de7cfa9bb7 100644 --- a/1jn/04/10.md +++ b/1jn/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he sent his Son to be the atoning sacrifice for our sins By dying on the cross as a sacrifice, Christ satisfied God's wrath against our sin. The phrase "atoning sacrifice" can translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "he sent his Son to be the sacrifice that satisfied his wrath against our sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/11.md b/1jn/04/11.md index a1e7a320de..8438c1de56 100644 --- a/1jn/04/11.md +++ b/1jn/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # we also should love one another "believers are to love other believers" - diff --git a/1jn/04/12.md b/1jn/04/12.md index 9615cd8d1c..c42bb0d6c1 100644 --- a/1jn/04/12.md +++ b/1jn/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To remain in someone means to continue to have fellowship with him. See how you # his love is perfected in us "God's love is complete in us" - diff --git a/1jn/04/13.md b/1jn/04/13.md index 5d01e1df98..7865502c24 100644 --- a/1jn/04/13.md +++ b/1jn/04/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Your translation may be clearer if you omit either "by this" or "because." Alter # because he has given us some of his Spirit "because he gave us his Spirit" or "because he has put his Holy Spirit in us." This phrase, however, does not imply that God has less of his Spirit after he has given us some. - diff --git a/1jn/04/14.md b/1jn/04/14.md index f1e545639b..6eee6a8bad 100644 --- a/1jn/04/14.md +++ b/1jn/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Father ... Son These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/15.md b/1jn/04/15.md index 282ed8e8f6..722eb0f19c 100644 --- a/1jn/04/15.md +++ b/1jn/04/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To remain in someone means to continue to have fellowship with him. See how you # and he in God The word "remains" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "and he remains in God" (See: Ellipsis) - diff --git a/1jn/04/16.md b/1jn/04/16.md index c218d65121..9cd6681155 100644 --- a/1jn/04/16.md +++ b/1jn/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor which means "the character of God is love." See how you trans # remains in God, and God remains in him To remain in someone means to continue to have fellowship with him. See how you translated "remains in God" in [1 John 2:6](../02/06.md). Alternate translation: "continues to have fellowship with God, and God continues to have fellowship with him" or "stays joined with God, and God stays joined with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/17.md b/1jn/04/17.md index 2db6ba7854..529625c137 100644 --- a/1jn/04/17.md +++ b/1jn/04/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has made his love # because as he is, just so are we in this world "because the relationship that Jesus has with God is the same relationship we have with God in this world" - diff --git a/1jn/04/18.md b/1jn/04/18.md index 1ce9dc96ec..cbf5b78cd3 100644 --- a/1jn/04/18.md +++ b/1jn/04/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "love" is described as a person with the power to remove fear. God's love i # But the one who fears has not been made perfect in love This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But when a person is afraid that God will punish him, his love is not complete" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/19.md b/1jn/04/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1jn/04/19.md +++ b/1jn/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1jn/04/20.md b/1jn/04/20.md index 4d089a58e9..64d0a723ad 100644 --- a/1jn/04/20.md +++ b/1jn/04/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the one who does not love his brother, whom he has seen, cannot love God, whom he has not seen If two negative statements in a row are confusing, this can be translated differently. Alternate translation: "the one who hates his brother, whom he has seen, cannot love God, whom he has not seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/1jn/04/21.md b/1jn/04/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1jn/04/21.md +++ b/1jn/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1jn/04/intro.md b/1jn/04/intro.md index 4f42f2796b..d7875d510f 100644 --- a/1jn/04/intro.md +++ b/1jn/04/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # 1 John 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Spirit -#### Spirit This word "spirit" is used in different ways in this chapter. Sometimes the word "spirit" refers to spiritual beings. Sometimes it refers to the character of something. For example "the spirit of the antichrist," "the spirit of truth," and "the spirit of error" refer to what is typical of the antichrist, truth, and error. "The Spirit" (written with a capital "S") and "the Spirit of God" refer to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/antichrist]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Loving God -#### Loving God If people love God, they should show it in the way they live and the way they treat other people. Doing this may assure us that God has saved us and that we belong to him, but loving others does not save us. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ If people love God, they should show it in the way they live and the way they tr * __[1 John 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1jn/05/01.md b/1jn/05/01.md index 66a027fb37..8996fc3a3a 100644 --- a/1jn/05/01.md +++ b/1jn/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John continues to teach his readers about God's love and the love believers are # is born from God "is a child of God" - diff --git a/1jn/05/02.md b/1jn/05/02.md index 06e14dfbbe..5423aec6bd 100644 --- a/1jn/05/02.md +++ b/1jn/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is how we know that we love the children of God: when we love God and obey his commandments. "When we love God and do what he commands, then we know that we love his children" - diff --git a/1jn/05/03.md b/1jn/05/03.md index 723d93afa6..668a7dc7c9 100644 --- a/1jn/05/03.md +++ b/1jn/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # burdensome "heavy" or "crushing" or "difficult" - diff --git a/1jn/05/04.md b/1jn/05/04.md index 03dd212fd9..984e0b156f 100644 --- a/1jn/05/04.md +++ b/1jn/05/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This passage uses "the world" to refer to all the sinful people and the evil sys # And this is the victory that has overcome the world, even our faith "And this is what gives us the power to resist whatever would lead us to sin against God: our faith" or "And it is our faith that gives us the power to resist whatever would lead us to sin against God" - diff --git a/1jn/05/05.md b/1jn/05/05.md index 8979177f3a..d8f7c62057 100644 --- a/1jn/05/05.md +++ b/1jn/05/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not refer to a specific person but to anyone who believes this. Altern # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/05/06.md b/1jn/05/06.md index 882af5f1c6..941cab1622 100644 --- a/1jn/05/06.md +++ b/1jn/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John teaches about Jesus Christ and what God said about him. # He came not only by water, but also by water and blood Here "water" is probably a metonym for the baptism of Jesus, and "blood" stands for Jesus's death on the cross. Alternate translation: "God did not show us Jesus was his son just through his baptism, but through his baptism and his death on the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/05/07.md b/1jn/05/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1jn/05/07.md +++ b/1jn/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1jn/05/08.md b/1jn/05/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1jn/05/08.md +++ b/1jn/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1jn/05/09.md b/1jn/05/09.md index cc19fd5fad..76a57aa9e3 100644 --- a/1jn/05/09.md +++ b/1jn/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # If we receive the testimony of men The idiom to "receive the testimony" means to believe what another person testifies concerning something that he has seen. The abstract noun "testimony" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "If we believe what men testify" or "If we believe what men say about what they have seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) @@ -10,4 +9,3 @@ the testimony of God is more important and more reliable # Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/05/10.md b/1jn/05/10.md index 1b2cc48291..db18c31004 100644 --- a/1jn/05/10.md +++ b/1jn/05/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # because he has not believed the testimony that God has given concerning his Son "because he has not believed that God has told the truth about his Son" - diff --git a/1jn/05/11.md b/1jn/05/11.md index eafded9a24..8d41ac4c0d 100644 --- a/1jn/05/11.md +++ b/1jn/05/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "life" throughout this letter refers to more than physical life. Here " # Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/05/12.md b/1jn/05/12.md index 9a7629f795..f341c88b18 100644 --- a/1jn/05/12.md +++ b/1jn/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The one who has the Son has life. The one who does not have the Son of God does not have life Being in a close relationship to the Son is spoken of as having the Son. Alternate translation: "He who believes in the Son of God has eternal life. He who does not believe in the Son of God does not have eternal life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1jn/05/13.md b/1jn/05/13.md index 576149550c..fd8593f8c0 100644 --- a/1jn/05/13.md +++ b/1jn/05/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "name" is a metonym for the Son of God. Alternate translation: "to you who # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/1jn/05/14.md b/1jn/05/14.md index b4ab01f28e..6b1729a78c 100644 --- a/1jn/05/14.md +++ b/1jn/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "confidence" can be stated as "confident." Alternate translati # if we ask anything according to his will "if we ask for the things that God desires" - diff --git a/1jn/05/15.md b/1jn/05/15.md index 23af08a718..52733ff408 100644 --- a/1jn/05/15.md +++ b/1jn/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we know that we have whatever we have asked of him "we know that we will receive that for which we have asked God" - diff --git a/1jn/05/16.md b/1jn/05/16.md index 7d15fe8e98..c58af2a981 100644 --- a/1jn/05/16.md +++ b/1jn/05/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "life" throughout this letter refers to more than physical life. Here " # death This refers to eternal death, that is, eternity spent away from God's presence. - diff --git a/1jn/05/17.md b/1jn/05/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1jn/05/17.md +++ b/1jn/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1jn/05/18.md b/1jn/05/18.md index 8ad4d37987..cc739c734f 100644 --- a/1jn/05/18.md +++ b/1jn/05/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John closes his letter, reviewing what he has said about the new nature of belie # the evil one cannot harm him The phrase "the evil one" refers to Satan, the devil. - diff --git a/1jn/05/19.md b/1jn/05/19.md index f319c16ae2..f3ba035ea1 100644 --- a/1jn/05/19.md +++ b/1jn/05/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Lying in someone's power represents being controlled or ruled by him. Alternate # the whole world lies in the power Here "world" represents all the people who rebel against God. Alternate translation: "all the people of the world are under the power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/05/20.md b/1jn/05/20.md index 64ea6a63ba..b8ccc17fcc 100644 --- a/1jn/05/20.md +++ b/1jn/05/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "This one" refers to Jesus Christ, or 2) "This one" ref # and eternal life He is called "eternal life" becasue he gives us eternal life. Alternate translation: "and the one who gives eternal life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1jn/05/21.md b/1jn/05/21.md index 7bcd8b2eab..dd361295da 100644 --- a/1jn/05/21.md +++ b/1jn/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John was an elderly man and their leader. He used this expression to show his lo # keep yourselves from idols "stay away from idols" or "do not worship idols" - diff --git a/1jn/05/intro.md b/1jn/05/intro.md index e61f7be9a6..ed4af18ce0 100644 --- a/1jn/05/intro.md +++ b/1jn/05/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,23 @@ # 1 John 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Children born from God -#### Children born from God When people believe in Jesus, God makes them his children and gives them eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### Christian living +### Christian living + People who believe in Jesus should obey God's commands and love his children. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### A sin that results in death -#### A sin that results in death This seems to refer to behaviors that will result in a person experiencing spiritual death, that is, to be separated from God forever. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]]) -#### "the whole world lies in the power of the evil one" +### "the whole world lies in the power of the evil one" + The phrase "the evil one" refers to Satan. God has allowed him to rule the world, but ultimately God is in control over everything. God keeps his children safe from the evil one. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +25,3 @@ The phrase "the evil one" refers to Satan. God has allowed him to rule the world * __[1 John 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/1jn/front/intro.md b/1jn/front/intro.md index 432079ce50..af0b8a13b8 100644 --- a/1jn/front/intro.md +++ b/1jn/front/intro.md @@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ The people John spoke against were possibly those who would become known as Gnos ### What do the words "remain," "reside," and "abide" mean in 1 John? -John often used the words "remain," "reside," and "abide" as metaphors. John spoke of a believer becoming more faithful to Jesus and knowing Jesus better as if Jesus's word "remained" in the believer. Also, John spoke of someone being spiritually joined to someone else as if the person "remained" in the other person. Christians are said to "remain" in Christ and in God. The Father is said to "remain" in the Son, and the Son is said to "remain" in the Father. The Son is said to "remain" in believers. The Holy Spirit is also said to "remain" in the believers. +John often used the words "remain," "reside," and "abide" as metaphors. John spoke of a believer becoming more faithful to Jesus and knowing Jesus better as if Jesus's word "remained" in the believer. Also, John spoke of someone being spiritually joined to someone else as if the person "remained" in the other person. Christians are said to "remain" in Christ and in God. The Father is said to "remain" in the Son, and the Son is said to "remain" in the Father. The Son is said to "remain" in believers. The Holy Spirit is also said to "remain" in the believers. -Many translators will find it impossible to represent these ideas in their languages in exactly the same way. For example, John intended to express the idea of the Christian being spiritually together with God when he said, "He who says he remains in God" (1 John 2:6). The UDB says, "If we say that we are in union with God," but translators will often have to find other expressions that communicate these ideas well. +Many translators will find it impossible to represent these ideas in their languages in exactly the same way. For example, John intended to express the idea of the Christian being spiritually together with God when he said, "He who says he remains in God" (1 John 2:6). The UDB says, "If we say that we are in union with God," but translators will often have to find other expressions that communicate these ideas well. In the passage "the word of God remains in you" (1 John 2:14), the UDB expresses this idea as "you are living by the commands of the word of God." Many translators will find it possible to use this translation as a model. @@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ For the following verses, some modern versions of the Bible differ from older ve For the following passage, translators are advised to translate this as the ULB does. However, if in the translators' region there are older versions of the Bible that include this passage, the translators can include it. If it is included, it should be put inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that it was probably not in the original version of 1 John. -* "For there are three who bear witness: the Spirit, the water, and the blood. These three are in agreement." (5:7-8) Some older versions have, "For there are three that bear witness in heaven: the Father, the Word, and the Holy Spirit; and these three are one. And there are three that bear witness on earth: the Spirit, the water, and the blood; and these three are as one." +* "For there are three who bear witness: the Spirit, the water, and the blood. These three are in agreement." (5:7-8) Some older versions have, "For there are three that bear witness in heaven: the Father, the Word, and the Holy Spirit; and these three are one. And there are three that bear witness on earth: the Spirit, the water, and the blood; and these three are as one." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/01.md b/1ki/01/01.md index 52d02b46b3..c6faa049ab 100644 --- a/1ki/01/01.md +++ b/1ki/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They put many blankets on King David to try to keep him warm. # old and advanced in years "very old." The two phrases are similar in meaning and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]].) - diff --git a/1ki/01/02.md b/1ki/01/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/02.md +++ b/1ki/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/03.md b/1ki/01/03.md index 44e5090efb..52b0c92a51 100644 --- a/1ki/01/03.md +++ b/1ki/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a person from the city of Shunem (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the king "King David" - diff --git a/1ki/01/04.md b/1ki/01/04.md index f60c735080..9957143a00 100644 --- a/1ki/01/04.md +++ b/1ki/01/04.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # the king did not know her -Here "know her" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "the king did not have sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) +Here "know her" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "the king did not have sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) diff --git a/1ki/01/05.md b/1ki/01/05.md index 11582652c3..f8e60b2fb9 100644 --- a/1ki/01/05.md +++ b/1ki/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are men who drive chariots pulled by horses. # fifty men to run ahead of him These men would go ahead of the chariots to clear the way for them and protect them. - diff --git a/1ki/01/06.md b/1ki/01/06.md index d7041496f0..0636d73f4d 100644 --- a/1ki/01/06.md +++ b/1ki/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a rhetorical question that a father would ask to discipline his son. Alt # born next after Absalom David was the father or both Absalom and Adonijah, but they had different mothers. Absalom was born, then Adonijah. - diff --git a/1ki/01/07.md b/1ki/01/07.md index 731163ade7..763b702cbc 100644 --- a/1ki/01/07.md +++ b/1ki/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # followed Adonijah and helped him "supported and helped Adonijah" or "promised to support and help Adonijah" - diff --git a/1ki/01/08.md b/1ki/01/08.md index 9427ff3375..05695557ea 100644 --- a/1ki/01/08.md +++ b/1ki/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zadok ... Benaiah ... Jehoiada ... Nathan ... Shimei ... Rei These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/09.md b/1ki/01/09.md index b99b63b9cd..4d7db727bb 100644 --- a/1ki/01/09.md +++ b/1ki/01/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These two phrases refer to the same people. # men of Judah, the king's servants These two phrases refer to the same people. - diff --git a/1ki/01/10.md b/1ki/01/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/10.md +++ b/1ki/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/11.md b/1ki/01/11.md index 1456c6bddb..6a60def796 100644 --- a/1ki/01/11.md +++ b/1ki/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The purpose of this question is to introduce the information that Nathan wants t # Haggith Adonijah's mother and a wife of David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/12.md b/1ki/01/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/12.md +++ b/1ki/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/13.md b/1ki/01/13.md index 14d4402672..853cec357f 100644 --- a/1ki/01/13.md +++ b/1ki/01/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. Alternate translation: "he wi # Why then is Adonijah reigning? Bathsheba was to use a question so David would pay attention. Alternate translation: "So then, Adonijah should not be reigning." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/14.md b/1ki/01/14.md index 368ce94507..0e0df5ecc5 100644 --- a/1ki/01/14.md +++ b/1ki/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # confirm your words "tell him that what you have said is true" - diff --git a/1ki/01/15.md b/1ki/01/15.md index 72f01631ec..706628cdfc 100644 --- a/1ki/01/15.md +++ b/1ki/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abishag the Shunammite This is the young virgin that King David's servants had brought to care for him. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md). - diff --git a/1ki/01/16.md b/1ki/01/16.md index 636b85ce32..267cb7d819 100644 --- a/1ki/01/16.md +++ b/1ki/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What do you desire? "What can I do for you?" - diff --git a/1ki/01/17.md b/1ki/01/17.md index 1006adf6a3..6dde86f4fd 100644 --- a/1ki/01/17.md +++ b/1ki/01/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # he will sit on my throne Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: "he will be king just as I was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/18.md b/1ki/01/18.md index e3c286b7bd..108b651b0d 100644 --- a/1ki/01/18.md +++ b/1ki/01/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bathsheba continues speaking to King David. # see "look" or "listen" or "pay attention to what I am about to tell you" - diff --git a/1ki/01/19.md b/1ki/01/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/19.md +++ b/1ki/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/20.md b/1ki/01/20.md index 7be8ee5d4b..a065a69a67 100644 --- a/1ki/01/20.md +++ b/1ki/01/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "eyes" refers to the people. Here "the eyes ... are on you" is an idiom tha # will sit on the throne Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: "will be king" - diff --git a/1ki/01/21.md b/1ki/01/21.md index dfbf391ae7..098d49c188 100644 --- a/1ki/01/21.md +++ b/1ki/01/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying "dies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism # I and my son Solomon will be regarded as criminals This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the new king will regard my son Solomon and me as criminals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/22.md b/1ki/01/22.md index 8d77675ef4..2d93213432 100644 --- a/1ki/01/22.md +++ b/1ki/01/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Nathan the prophet speaks to King David. - diff --git a/1ki/01/23.md b/1ki/01/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/23.md +++ b/1ki/01/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/24.md b/1ki/01/24.md index 03d6590abc..7aa144f83f 100644 --- a/1ki/01/24.md +++ b/1ki/01/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "have you sa # he will sit on my throne Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: "he will be king just as I was" - diff --git a/1ki/01/25.md b/1ki/01/25.md index 3eb7ba8042..1c51ac19d9 100644 --- a/1ki/01/25.md +++ b/1ki/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # eating and drinking before him Adonijah probably sat at a table where he could watch all those he had invited as they ate and drank. The main idea is that the people Nathan named were with Adonijah and they were celebrating together. Alternate translation: "eating and drinking with him" or "eating and drinking where he can see them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/26.md b/1ki/01/26.md index 3c25b0a769..d1b559b929 100644 --- a/1ki/01/26.md +++ b/1ki/01/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Nathan the prophet continues to speak to King David. - diff --git a/1ki/01/27.md b/1ki/01/27.md index a07a504f5f..462fbc9399 100644 --- a/1ki/01/27.md +++ b/1ki/01/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nathan refers to David in the third person. This is a way of showing respect to # who should sit on the throne Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: "who would be king after him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/28.md b/1ki/01/28.md index a9a2390cdd..cc43e0b165 100644 --- a/1ki/01/28.md +++ b/1ki/01/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ King David makes a promise to Bathsheba. # came into the king's presence "came before the king" or "came back to the king" - diff --git a/1ki/01/29.md b/1ki/01/29.md index c130eace28..7440639959 100644 --- a/1ki/01/29.md +++ b/1ki/01/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # made an oath "made a solemn promise" - diff --git a/1ki/01/30.md b/1ki/01/30.md index 01b4ad72e6..b20b384ed5 100644 --- a/1ki/01/30.md +++ b/1ki/01/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will sit on my throne in my place Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: "he will take my place and be king just as I was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/31.md b/1ki/01/31.md index 1473db99b5..0f4a15c9c5 100644 --- a/1ki/01/31.md +++ b/1ki/01/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May my master King David live forever Bathsheba knew David would not live forever; this is a way of saying that he is a good king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/32.md b/1ki/01/32.md index d8bba1a5b2..5cd347819c 100644 --- a/1ki/01/32.md +++ b/1ki/01/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: King David anoints Solomon king. - diff --git a/1ki/01/33.md b/1ki/01/33.md index e4adbeb542..390bff1be3 100644 --- a/1ki/01/33.md +++ b/1ki/01/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David speaks of himself as if he were speaking of someone else so Zadok, Nathan, # Gihon This is the name of a water spring. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/34.md b/1ki/01/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/34.md +++ b/1ki/01/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/35.md b/1ki/01/35.md index 13c3f06a1d..98ad0512d7 100644 --- a/1ki/01/35.md +++ b/1ki/01/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ King David continues to speak on behalf of Solomon as the one who will become ki # he will come and sit on my throne The words "sit on the throne" are used as a metonym for being king in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md), [1 Kings 1:17](./17.md), and [1 Kings 1:30](./30.md). Here David speaks of Solomon literally sitting on a physical throne. - diff --git a/1ki/01/36.md b/1ki/01/36.md index 532f7f8e3f..f0ee79d7ff 100644 --- a/1ki/01/36.md +++ b/1ki/01/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They agree and will do what King David said. # May Yahweh, the God of my master the king, confirm Benaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: "My master and king, may Yahweh your God confirm" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/37.md b/1ki/01/37.md index 1a4a063784..ffd120a404 100644 --- a/1ki/01/37.md +++ b/1ki/01/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "throne" is a metonym for either 1) the person who sits on the throne. # the throne of my master King David Benaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: "your throne, my master King David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/38.md b/1ki/01/38.md index 40f2ca6ac9..1ccdaf6b1a 100644 --- a/1ki/01/38.md +++ b/1ki/01/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Gihon This is the name of a spring, where fresh water comes out of the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/39.md b/1ki/01/39.md index 715affa04e..c70a928403 100644 --- a/1ki/01/39.md +++ b/1ki/01/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the horn of an animal filled with olive oil or 2) a con # all the people This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/40.md b/1ki/01/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/40.md +++ b/1ki/01/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/41.md b/1ki/01/41.md index 8baf61a151..1ceb8d0d2e 100644 --- a/1ki/01/41.md +++ b/1ki/01/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Adonijah hears the loud noise and waits for the news. - diff --git a/1ki/01/42.md b/1ki/01/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/42.md +++ b/1ki/01/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/43.md b/1ki/01/43.md index daeea31c5a..f5bd68361c 100644 --- a/1ki/01/43.md +++ b/1ki/01/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Adonijah learns that Solomon is the new king. - diff --git a/1ki/01/44.md b/1ki/01/44.md index 43b43027b3..b008725496 100644 --- a/1ki/01/44.md +++ b/1ki/01/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kerethites ... Pelethites These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/45.md b/1ki/01/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/45.md +++ b/1ki/01/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/46.md b/1ki/01/46.md index aa740fcda6..a57709831e 100644 --- a/1ki/01/46.md +++ b/1ki/01/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jonathan continues to speak to Adonijah about Solomon. # is sitting on the throne of the kingdom Possible meanings are 1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](../01/35.md). Alternate translation: "is now king" or 2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/47.md b/1ki/01/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/47.md +++ b/1ki/01/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/48.md b/1ki/01/48.md index 6cfaea3c4d..c80ad1b644 100644 --- a/1ki/01/48.md +++ b/1ki/01/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a person to sit on my throne this day Possible meanings are 1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](../01/35.md). Alternate translation: "a person to be king today as I was" or 2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/49.md b/1ki/01/49.md index 4407c24f0b..901130e779 100644 --- a/1ki/01/49.md +++ b/1ki/01/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Adonijah becomes terrified of King Solomon. # They stood up Another possible meaning is "They began to act quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/50.md b/1ki/01/50.md index d559b63e64..b90756a238 100644 --- a/1ki/01/50.md +++ b/1ki/01/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "horns of the altar" symbolized the strength and protection of Yahweh, but b # Adonijah ... rose up, went Another possible meaning is "Adonijah ... quickly went" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/51.md b/1ki/01/51.md index 63336fdb01..6ffaddd85e 100644 --- a/1ki/01/51.md +++ b/1ki/01/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The servants speak to King Solomon as if they were speaking of someone else to s # he will not kill his servant Adonijah speaks of himself as if he were speaking of another person so people will think that he respects King Solomon. Alternate translation: "he will not kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/52.md b/1ki/01/52.md index 28475a7e45..554cacc47a 100644 --- a/1ki/01/52.md +++ b/1ki/01/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an exaggeration to say that Solomon will keep Adonijah safe. Alternate t # wickedness is found in him The abstract noun "wickedness" can be translated as a verb. It is spoken of as if it were an object that could be found in a container. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "he does what is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/01/53.md b/1ki/01/53.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/01/53.md +++ b/1ki/01/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/01/intro.md b/1ki/01/intro.md index a36e72ec29..f2855bf7fa 100644 --- a/1ki/01/intro.md +++ b/1ki/01/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # 1 Kings 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting 1 Kings is a continuation of 2 Samuel. -This chapter records the beginning of the reign of Solomon (chapters 1-11) after the death of David. +This chapter records the beginning of the reign of Solomon (chapters 1-11) after the death of David. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The next king -#### The next king David did not announce who was to succeed him. Because of this, there was fighting between David's sons over who should be king. Adonijah invited guests to a banquet and declared himself king. Then those favoring Solomon told David and he declared Solomon the new king. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Idiom -#### Idiom Several times in this chapter, the people use the idiom "sit on the throne" to mean "be king." Solomon assures Adonijah that if he behaves himself "not a hair of his will fall to the earth," meaning "he will not be harmed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +24,3 @@ Several times in this chapter, the people use the idiom "sit on the throne" to m * __[1 Kings intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/02/01.md b/1ki/02/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/02/01.md +++ b/1ki/02/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/02/02.md b/1ki/02/02.md index 2918064a68..c9171ebfed 100644 --- a/1ki/02/02.md +++ b/1ki/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying "I am going to die." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # show yourself a man The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: "show yourself to be a man" or "show everyone that you are a man" or "live so that everyone can see you are a good man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/03.md b/1ki/02/03.md index b3a509de30..78b6720c76 100644 --- a/1ki/02/03.md +++ b/1ki/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Walking on a path is a metonym for the way a person lives. Alternate translation # so you may prosper "so you may succeed" or "so you may do well" - diff --git a/1ki/02/04.md b/1ki/02/04.md index 069a00bb0b..e86ffcc0c5 100644 --- a/1ki/02/04.md +++ b/1ki/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The idiom "with all ... heart" means "completely" and "with all ... soul" means # you will never cease to have a man on the throne of Israel The word "throne" is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. The phrase "will never cease to have" can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "your descendants will never cease to be kings of Israel" or "one of your descendants will always be the king of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/05.md b/1ki/02/05.md index d8d757785c..589135430a 100644 --- a/1ki/02/05.md +++ b/1ki/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "killed those men during a time of peace as if he were # put the blood of war on the belt around his waist and on the sandals on his feet Possible meanings are 1) Joab was close enough to these men when he killed them that their blood spattered on his belt and on his sandals or 2) the word "blood" is a metonym for guilt of murder, and the belt and the shoes are metonyms for Joab's authority as commander, so David is saying that because Joab is guilty of murder, he should not be commander of the army. Either way, it is best to translate this literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/06.md b/1ki/02/06.md index 601f349177..4eb3cee398 100644 --- a/1ki/02/06.md +++ b/1ki/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here being old is represented by having gray hair, that is, a "gray head." Alter # Sheol the grave or the world of the dead - diff --git a/1ki/02/07.md b/1ki/02/07.md index a85a385585..417409b928 100644 --- a/1ki/02/07.md +++ b/1ki/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # let them be among those who eat at your table The table is a metonym for the home where the table is. Alternate translation: "welcome them to eat at your home" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/08.md b/1ki/02/08.md index 7f764cadce..7fbe1d5238 100644 --- a/1ki/02/08.md +++ b/1ki/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ descendant of Benjamin # Bahurim ... Mahanaim place names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/09.md b/1ki/02/09.md index e75173d3bd..5b6ad59246 100644 --- a/1ki/02/09.md +++ b/1ki/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bring his gray head down to Sheol with blood Blood is a metonym for violent death, and the head is synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "make sure he dies a violent death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/10.md b/1ki/02/10.md index d1fb42aed1..7974132a44 100644 --- a/1ki/02/10.md +++ b/1ki/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "died" (See: # David ... and was buried This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "David ... and they buried him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/11.md b/1ki/02/11.md index ef9f7c7e3d..b89a0ee319 100644 --- a/1ki/02/11.md +++ b/1ki/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The days that David reigned over Israel were "The time that David reigned over Israel was" or "David reigned over Israel for" - diff --git a/1ki/02/12.md b/1ki/02/12.md index d2c8950872..feb3b1681e 100644 --- a/1ki/02/12.md +++ b/1ki/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The throne represents the authority of the king. Alternate translation: "became # his rule was firmly established This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh firmly established Solomon's rule" or "Yahweh caused Solomon to take complete control of the kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/13.md b/1ki/02/13.md index 8b897ca47e..48b7859fce 100644 --- a/1ki/02/13.md +++ b/1ki/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Adonijah comes to speak to Bathsheba. # peacefully with no desire to cause harm - diff --git a/1ki/02/14.md b/1ki/02/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/02/14.md +++ b/1ki/02/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/02/15.md b/1ki/02/15.md index 64916a9d29..8ef7d438c2 100644 --- a/1ki/02/15.md +++ b/1ki/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) # the kingdom was given to my brother This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave the kingdom to my brother" or "my brother became king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/16.md b/1ki/02/16.md index 41083aa2d4..f5ad0219af 100644 --- a/1ki/02/16.md +++ b/1ki/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Adonijah shares his request with Bathsheba. # do not turn away from my face Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: "do not refuse to do what I request" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/17.md b/1ki/02/17.md index 4d7397df1f..d71c905e89 100644 --- a/1ki/02/17.md +++ b/1ki/02/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, w # Abishag the Shunammite See [1 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md). - diff --git a/1ki/02/18.md b/1ki/02/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/02/18.md +++ b/1ki/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/02/19.md b/1ki/02/19.md index 1f54c0743a..dfd5bd0e17 100644 --- a/1ki/02/19.md +++ b/1ki/02/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "told someone to bring # the king's mother Bathsheba - diff --git a/1ki/02/20.md b/1ki/02/20.md index 68d5df3e55..51b6db0fbd 100644 --- a/1ki/02/20.md +++ b/1ki/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will not turn away from my face ... I will not turn away from your face Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 2:16](../02/16.md) and [1 Kings 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: "you will not refuse to do what I request ... I will not refuse to do what you request" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/21.md b/1ki/02/21.md index d6f915fb49..527b500879 100644 --- a/1ki/02/21.md +++ b/1ki/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let Abishag the Shunammite be given to Adonijah ... as his wife This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Allow Adonijah ... to marry Abishag the Shunammite" or "Give Abishag the Shunammite to Adonijah ... as his wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/22.md b/1ki/02/22.md index a2daf79ba5..63134b2f6a 100644 --- a/1ki/02/22.md +++ b/1ki/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ King Solomon gives an answer to Adonijah's request. # Why do you ask ... Adonijah? Why do you not ask the kingdom for him also ... Zeruiah? King Solomon was angered by his mother's request. Alternate translation: "You are wrong to ask ... Adonijah! This is the same as asking the kingdom for him also ... Zeruiah!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/23.md b/1ki/02/23.md index d4aecc5390..6c1962c30d 100644 --- a/1ki/02/23.md +++ b/1ki/02/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May God do so to me, and more also, if Adonijah has not spoken this word against his own life This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "God will have every right to execute me—and to do even worse things to me—if I do not execute Adonijah because he has made this request" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/24.md b/1ki/02/24.md index 2ee1f41dc5..9164929b9b 100644 --- a/1ki/02/24.md +++ b/1ki/02/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "throne" refers to Solomon's authority to rule that was given by Yahweh # who has made me a house Here "house" refers to descendants that Yahweh gave to King Solomon, who would continue to reign after him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/25.md b/1ki/02/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/02/25.md +++ b/1ki/02/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/02/26.md b/1ki/02/26.md index f2e42b272b..0b2e5202ed 100644 --- a/1ki/02/26.md +++ b/1ki/02/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon dismisses Abiathar from being priest. # suffered in every way my father suffered Abiathar had suffered alongside King David before David became king. - diff --git a/1ki/02/27.md b/1ki/02/27.md index 0e6adb3ca7..b732be67eb 100644 --- a/1ki/02/27.md +++ b/1ki/02/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "he" refers to King Solomon. # which he had spoken The word "he" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/1ki/02/28.md b/1ki/02/28.md index 0f6df9c026..cd7e9bbad8 100644 --- a/1ki/02/28.md +++ b/1ki/02/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ King Solomon orders Benaiah to execute Joab. # the horns of the altar The horns of the altar symbolized Yahweh's power and protection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/29.md b/1ki/02/29.md index 1e5a118cad..a04727d84f 100644 --- a/1ki/02/29.md +++ b/1ki/02/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It was told King Solomon that Joab had fled This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told King Solomon that Joab had fled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/30.md b/1ki/02/30.md index 620cfd0a2b..bcbaff3814 100644 --- a/1ki/02/30.md +++ b/1ki/02/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Benaiah goes to execute Joab. - diff --git a/1ki/02/31.md b/1ki/02/31.md index f7872fe9cb..1d26bdc33e 100644 --- a/1ki/02/31.md +++ b/1ki/02/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bury him so that you may take away from me and from my father's house the blood that Joab shed without cause Here "house" stands for the descendants of David while "blood" represents guilt. Alternate translation: "bury him and so remove from me and my family the guilt for the murders Joab committed without cause" or "bury him. Do that so Yahweh will not hold me and my father's house guilty because Joab murdered people for no reason" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/32.md b/1ki/02/32.md index 741c10faa5..9becda4f66 100644 --- a/1ki/02/32.md +++ b/1ki/02/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "his" refers to Joab. "Blood" is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom " # more righteous and better These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abner and Amasa were much better men than Joab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/33.md b/1ki/02/33.md index 5644cf0279..efc15e09ec 100644 --- a/1ki/02/33.md +++ b/1ki/02/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "blood" is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom "blood return on the he # to his house, and to his throne The words "house" and "throne" are metonyms for the family and the kingdom. Alternate translation: "to David's descendants and to David's kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/34.md b/1ki/02/34.md index ddb369cffa..250c6e326c 100644 --- a/1ki/02/34.md +++ b/1ki/02/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "They buried Joab # in his own house The house is a metonym for the land on which the house stood. The Israelites buried people out of doors in graves or tombs. Alternate translation: "where his family lived" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/35.md b/1ki/02/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/02/35.md +++ b/1ki/02/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/02/36.md b/1ki/02/36.md index 1ff28e84bc..391e55504e 100644 --- a/1ki/02/36.md +++ b/1ki/02/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: King Solomon tells Shimei to stay in Jerusalem or Shimei will die. - diff --git a/1ki/02/37.md b/1ki/02/37.md index fcf001090c..bc9d808769 100644 --- a/1ki/02/37.md +++ b/1ki/02/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your blood will be on your own head Here "blood" is a metonym for guilt and the head is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "You will be responsible for your own death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/38.md b/1ki/02/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/02/38.md +++ b/1ki/02/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/02/39.md b/1ki/02/39.md index 287e315eac..65829012dd 100644 --- a/1ki/02/39.md +++ b/1ki/02/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Gath a Philistine city (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/40.md b/1ki/02/40.md index c1f55123bf..df370dcd7e 100644 --- a/1ki/02/40.md +++ b/1ki/02/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shimei arose This is an idiom. "Shimei quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/41.md b/1ki/02/41.md index c43bcb0dfa..5c3498a24a 100644 --- a/1ki/02/41.md +++ b/1ki/02/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ King Solomon judges Shimei for leaving Jerusalem. # Solomon was told This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone told Solomon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/42.md b/1ki/02/42.md index d4b76159c6..765aaea4b6 100644 --- a/1ki/02/42.md +++ b/1ki/02/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did I not make you swear ... saying, 'Know ... die'? Solomon is reminding Shimei of what Shimei had promised. Alternate translation: "You know very well that I made you swear ... saying, 'Know ... die'!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/43.md b/1ki/02/43.md index dc4bf3c00e..235b821f26 100644 --- a/1ki/02/43.md +++ b/1ki/02/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ King Solomon pronounces judgment upon Shimei for leaving Jerusalem. # Why then have you not kept your oath ... you? Possible meanings are 1) Solomon is asking for an answer or 2) Alternate translation: "You have done wrong by breaking your oath ... you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/44.md b/1ki/02/44.md index d83bb82a51..907d6c677e 100644 --- a/1ki/02/44.md +++ b/1ki/02/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will return your wickedness on your own head Here the head represents the person, and wickedness is spoken of as if it were a solid or liquid that could be put on a person's head. Alternate translation: "will hold you responsible for all your wickedness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/45.md b/1ki/02/45.md index f989952ca4..90e9c272b0 100644 --- a/1ki/02/45.md +++ b/1ki/02/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ King Solomon orders Shimei to be put to death. # the throne of David will be established before Yahweh forever Here "throne of David" represents the authority and rule of David and all his descendants forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/46.md b/1ki/02/46.md index f05dfe45e3..e8876a0277 100644 --- a/1ki/02/46.md +++ b/1ki/02/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in Solomon's hand This use of "hand" represents Solomon's power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/02/intro.md b/1ki/02/intro.md index 845517072d..dc28e05dde 100644 --- a/1ki/02/intro.md +++ b/1ki/02/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,24 @@ # 1 Kings 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter has two stories: David's last advice to Solomon and Solomon's punishment of those who supported Adonijah and also Shimei, who had cursed David when David was fleeing from Absalom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Exalting oneself -#### Exalting oneself Exalting oneself can lead to disaster as when Adonijah made himself king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/exalt]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Euphemism -#### Euphemism David spoke of his impending death using a euphemism: "I am going the way of all the earth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Parallelism +### Parallelism David wanted to emphasize the importance of obeying God to his son Solomon. He used parallelism, saying the same thing seven times using different words: "Keep the commands of Yahweh your God to walk in his ways, to obey his statutes, his commandments, his decisions, and his covenant decrees, being careful to do what is written in the law of Moses." Some languages have other ways of emphasizing an idea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) @@ -25,4 +27,3 @@ David wanted to emphasize the importance of obeying God to his son Solomon. He u * __[1 Kings 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/03/01.md b/1ki/03/01.md index 0e9268ef9b..d47f5ff15d 100644 --- a/1ki/03/01.md +++ b/1ki/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ She was still in the city of David after he had finished building. # the house of Yahweh "the temple" - diff --git a/1ki/03/02.md b/1ki/03/02.md index f501a76cce..9194b3cab3 100644 --- a/1ki/03/02.md +++ b/1ki/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one had yet bu # for the name of Yahweh The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for the name" refers to worshiping the person. Alternate translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/03.md b/1ki/03/03.md index 85b1bb7078..f74ca6a583 100644 --- a/1ki/03/03.md +++ b/1ki/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # walking in the statutes of David his father How one lives one's life is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: "obeying the laws that David his father had made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/04.md b/1ki/03/04.md index ebeeeb0ccb..1e4fe8b68c 100644 --- a/1ki/03/04.md +++ b/1ki/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God asks Solomon what he can do for Solomon. # the great high place "the most famous place for makings sacrifices" or "the most important altar" - diff --git a/1ki/03/05.md b/1ki/03/05.md index 5edf352e81..7b559c3181 100644 --- a/1ki/03/05.md +++ b/1ki/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ask! What should I give you? "Ask me for whatever you want and I will give it to you." or "What do you want? Ask and I will give it to you." - diff --git a/1ki/03/06.md b/1ki/03/06.md index 499eeeefff..9cdf3024ab 100644 --- a/1ki/03/06.md +++ b/1ki/03/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate translation: "to rule # today Solomon is speaking of the years he had already been ruling, not of the time since the sun had last set. - diff --git a/1ki/03/07.md b/1ki/03/07.md index 5849e03c56..55ea1369d0 100644 --- a/1ki/03/07.md +++ b/1ki/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Solomon is saying that he is like a child who does not know as much as a father. # I do not know how to go out or come in This is an idiom that means Solomon does not know how to govern as king. Alternate translation: "I do not know how to be the king" or "I do not know the right way to do things as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/08.md b/1ki/03/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/03/08.md +++ b/1ki/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/03/09.md b/1ki/03/09.md index 066c89a750..05e5d84405 100644 --- a/1ki/03/09.md +++ b/1ki/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For who is able to judge this great people of yours? Solomon asks a question to emphasize that he knows that no one can judge. Alternate translation: "No one is able to judge this great people of yours." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/10.md b/1ki/03/10.md index a43ddfa010..407edc61e9 100644 --- a/1ki/03/10.md +++ b/1ki/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: God gives Solomon wisdom and more. - diff --git a/1ki/03/11.md b/1ki/03/11.md index 1581eef5d6..fffc069d00 100644 --- a/1ki/03/11.md +++ b/1ki/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the life of your enemies The "life" is a metonym for the power to kill. Alternate translation: "the power to kill your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/12.md b/1ki/03/12.md index f60db0375b..7a62193e2a 100644 --- a/1ki/03/12.md +++ b/1ki/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I give you a wise and an understanding heart The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and desires. Alternate translation: "I make you able to be wise and to understand many things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/13.md b/1ki/03/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/03/13.md +++ b/1ki/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/03/14.md b/1ki/03/14.md index e49d9a1f47..bb6a7cd5e3 100644 --- a/1ki/03/14.md +++ b/1ki/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Living one's life is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: "liv # lengthen your days "make you live a long time" - diff --git a/1ki/03/15.md b/1ki/03/15.md index cbfdd347bc..806bb5c0f7 100644 --- a/1ki/03/15.md +++ b/1ki/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # behold The word "behold" here shows that Solomon saw something interesting. - diff --git a/1ki/03/16.md b/1ki/03/16.md index b5b3a653bb..ede3bfc135 100644 --- a/1ki/03/16.md +++ b/1ki/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Two prostitutes ask Solomon to make a decision. - diff --git a/1ki/03/17.md b/1ki/03/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/03/17.md +++ b/1ki/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/03/18.md b/1ki/03/18.md index 084f1a1f58..4048458bd1 100644 --- a/1ki/03/18.md +++ b/1ki/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The two prostitutes tell Solomon their story. - diff --git a/1ki/03/19.md b/1ki/03/19.md index b506002e16..b64da7a4ea 100644 --- a/1ki/03/19.md +++ b/1ki/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lay on him It may be helpful to state that this caused the baby to die. Alternate translation: "accidentally rolled on top of her baby and smothered him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/20.md b/1ki/03/20.md index 74434d2800..28972c7dd4 100644 --- a/1ki/03/20.md +++ b/1ki/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your servant The woman speaks as if she were speaking of someone else to show that she respects Solomon. Alternate translation: "I" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/21.md b/1ki/03/21.md index affb54ffe2..2a8e7b6684 100644 --- a/1ki/03/21.md +++ b/1ki/03/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Two prostitutes continue to share their story with Solomon. # nurse my child This means to feed her baby milk from her breast. - diff --git a/1ki/03/22.md b/1ki/03/22.md index 0c469fdf00..74487ca12d 100644 --- a/1ki/03/22.md +++ b/1ki/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before the king "before Solomon" or "while Solomon could see and hear them" - diff --git a/1ki/03/23.md b/1ki/03/23.md index 2b72749aaf..2df9f67177 100644 --- a/1ki/03/23.md +++ b/1ki/03/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Solomon makes a decision for the two women. - diff --git a/1ki/03/24.md b/1ki/03/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/03/24.md +++ b/1ki/03/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/03/25.md b/1ki/03/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/03/25.md +++ b/1ki/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/03/26.md b/1ki/03/26.md index 5a02814545..af5962b4ab 100644 --- a/1ki/03/26.md +++ b/1ki/03/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The real mother asks the king to spare the child's life. # her heart was full of compassion for her son This speaks of the woman having a lot of compassion as if her heart were a container and compassion were a solid object. Alternate translation: "she greatly loved her baby" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/27.md b/1ki/03/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/03/27.md +++ b/1ki/03/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/03/28.md b/1ki/03/28.md index 21124a32dc..d3fcf3363c 100644 --- a/1ki/03/28.md +++ b/1ki/03/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all Israel This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/03/intro.md b/1ki/03/intro.md index 43bd09ceb0..5e468d6437 100644 --- a/1ki/03/intro.md +++ b/1ki/03/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # 1 Kings 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter has two stories. Verses 1-15 is the story of Solomon's dream when God asked him what he wanted and he said he needed wisdom to be a good and fair ruler. Verses 16-28 is the story of a court case showing Solomon's wisdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Wisdom +### Wisdom God was very pleased with Solomon's request for wisdom. This is because wisdom was something that he could use to serve other people instead of himself. Because this was a noble request, God promised Solomon wisdom, wealth, and fame. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -#### Putting the needs of others first +### Putting the needs of others first + There are two additional examples of people putting the needs of others in front of their own needs. God is pleased with people wanting to do their job well more than wanting to be blessed. A mother will put the life of her child above every other concern. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ There are two additional examples of people putting the needs of others in front * __[1 Kings 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/04/01.md b/1ki/04/01.md index 25f192413c..5d24200285 100644 --- a/1ki/04/01.md +++ b/1ki/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is the beginning of a list of Solomon's officials. The list ends in 1 Kings 4:6. - diff --git a/1ki/04/02.md b/1ki/04/02.md index c7e537725d..f1579fd28d 100644 --- a/1ki/04/02.md +++ b/1ki/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Azariah ... Zadok These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/03.md b/1ki/04/03.md index 1bba66dd5a..826d5412b4 100644 --- a/1ki/04/03.md +++ b/1ki/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of Solomon's officials. # Elihoreph ... Ahijah ... Shisha ... Jehoshaphat ... Ahilud These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/04.md b/1ki/04/04.md index a14e85304d..75eb1e65f2 100644 --- a/1ki/04/04.md +++ b/1ki/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of Solomon's officials. # Benaiah ... Jehoiada ... Zadok ... Abiathar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/05.md b/1ki/04/05.md index 1ee0d41f0b..64f0070f65 100644 --- a/1ki/04/05.md +++ b/1ki/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of Solomon's officials. # Azariah ... Nathan ... Zabud These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/06.md b/1ki/04/06.md index 877912c39e..9fb19bd3e8 100644 --- a/1ki/04/06.md +++ b/1ki/04/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the men who were subjected to forced labor This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the men whom Solomon forced to work for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/07.md b/1ki/04/07.md index 5b358b9c61..7e02ea91b6 100644 --- a/1ki/04/07.md +++ b/1ki/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This begins a list of Solomon's 12 officers. The list ends in 1 Kings 4:19. - diff --git a/1ki/04/08.md b/1ki/04/08.md index a12402ef54..58d32f42c6 100644 --- a/1ki/04/08.md +++ b/1ki/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. Note that "Ben" before a name means "son of" so "Ben- # Ephraim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/09.md b/1ki/04/09.md index dfd361ec61..aab37e8195 100644 --- a/1ki/04/09.md +++ b/1ki/04/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. Note that "Ben" before a name means "son of" so "Ben- # Makaz ... Shaalbim ... Beth Shemesh ... Elon Bethhanan These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/10.md b/1ki/04/10.md index f5f733dc9c..1c777b66bc 100644 --- a/1ki/04/10.md +++ b/1ki/04/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. Note that "Ben" before a name means "son of" so "Ben- # Arubboth ... Sokoh ... Hepher These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/11.md b/1ki/04/11.md index a7a5caa623..cd29bde8cf 100644 --- a/1ki/04/11.md +++ b/1ki/04/11.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ This is the name of a man. Note that "Ben" before a name means "son of" so "Ben- "who was the officer in charge of all Naphoth Dor" # Naphoth Dor + This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Taphath This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/12.md b/1ki/04/12.md index bad84a07df..b00f64ddd6 100644 --- a/1ki/04/12.md +++ b/1ki/04/12.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ The list of Solomon's 12 officers continues. # Baana ... Ahilud + These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in Taanach @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Taanach ... Megiddo ... Beth Shan ... Zarethan ... Jezreel ... Beth Shan to Abel Meholah ... Jokmeam These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/13.md b/1ki/04/13.md index 7ed8282508..53e56fe25c 100644 --- a/1ki/04/13.md +++ b/1ki/04/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ramoth Gilead ... Argob ... Bashan These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/14.md b/1ki/04/14.md index 8587558c8f..6bc92770fc 100644 --- a/1ki/04/14.md +++ b/1ki/04/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Mahanaim This is the name of place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/15.md b/1ki/04/15.md index 0ab223b24e..e7ba3bc9d1 100644 --- a/1ki/04/15.md +++ b/1ki/04/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a tribal land named after a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tr # Basemath This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/16.md b/1ki/04/16.md index e6ceb3a89a..d76a44508f 100644 --- a/1ki/04/16.md +++ b/1ki/04/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a tribal land named after a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tr # Bealoth This is the name of a piece of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/17.md b/1ki/04/17.md index 5c0654fb62..f622b95716 100644 --- a/1ki/04/17.md +++ b/1ki/04/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Issachar This is a tribal land named after a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/18.md b/1ki/04/18.md index b008d4ade2..d43116025f 100644 --- a/1ki/04/18.md +++ b/1ki/04/18.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ The list of Solomon's 12 officers continues. These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in Benjamin + "who was the officer in charge of Benjamin" # Benjamin This is a tribal land named for a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/19.md b/1ki/04/19.md index d211a908a4..796a00fd85 100644 --- a/1ki/04/19.md +++ b/1ki/04/19.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ The list of Solomon's 12 officers ends. These are men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in the land of Gilead + "who was the officer in charge of the land of Gilead" # Gilead ... Bashan @@ -24,4 +25,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # in the land Here "the land" refers to the land of Judah; the previous officials presided over different parts of Israel. - diff --git a/1ki/04/20.md b/1ki/04/20.md index e431415465..d0e900ac3c 100644 --- a/1ki/04/20.md +++ b/1ki/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand by the sea The speaker uses exaggeration to say that there were so many people that it would be impossible to count them all. The words "Judah" and "Israel" are metonyms for the people who lived in Judah and Israel. Alternate translation: "There were as many people in Judah and Israel as there are grains of sand by the sea" or "there were more people in Judah and Israel than a person could count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/21.md b/1ki/04/21.md index ee52f871db..ab46f003e7 100644 --- a/1ki/04/21.md +++ b/1ki/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the River "the Euphrates River" - diff --git a/1ki/04/22.md b/1ki/04/22.md index a00707dfdf..4ed934254a 100644 --- a/1ki/04/22.md +++ b/1ki/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty cors A cor is a unit of dry measure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/23.md b/1ki/04/23.md index cb97e2c9e0..65734afd43 100644 --- a/1ki/04/23.md +++ b/1ki/04/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ more than one of these animals # fattened fowl "birds that people fed so they would become fat" - diff --git a/1ki/04/24.md b/1ki/04/24.md index 3b0ce15fac..9993ea91c2 100644 --- a/1ki/04/24.md +++ b/1ki/04/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tiphsah name of a piece of land - diff --git a/1ki/04/25.md b/1ki/04/25.md index 2ac097a826..e636ff4fdd 100644 --- a/1ki/04/25.md +++ b/1ki/04/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "Judah" and "Israel" are metonyms for the people of Judah and Israel. # from Dan to Beersheba This represents the whole land of Israel from Dan in the north to Beersheba in the south. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/26.md b/1ki/04/26.md index 4667f244db..11b5c5c1c3 100644 --- a/1ki/04/26.md +++ b/1ki/04/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stalls of horses A stall is a place where an animal such as a horse is kept and cared for. - diff --git a/1ki/04/27.md b/1ki/04/27.md index 524e707717..549df3b934 100644 --- a/1ki/04/27.md +++ b/1ki/04/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Solomon had assigned 12 officers in [1 Kings 4:7](../04/07.md) to bring him food # They let nothing be lacking This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "They provided everything that Solomon needed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/28.md b/1ki/04/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/04/28.md +++ b/1ki/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/04/29.md b/1ki/04/29.md index 93a76f1390..842593f58b 100644 --- a/1ki/04/29.md +++ b/1ki/04/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "wisdom" and "understanding" can be translated as verbs. God # wideness of understanding like the sand on the seashore Solomon was able to understand many things about many different subjects. The abstract noun "wideness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Solomon was able to understand many things about a wide range of subjects" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/30.md b/1ki/04/30.md index 6ac9f56c8d..f536ce3ad5 100644 --- a/1ki/04/30.md +++ b/1ki/04/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the people of the east This refers to people from countries east of Israel such as Arabia and Mesopotamia. - diff --git a/1ki/04/31.md b/1ki/04/31.md index dedac150f9..ec04e249b4 100644 --- a/1ki/04/31.md +++ b/1ki/04/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ethan ... Heman ... Kalkol ... Darda ... Mahol men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/32.md b/1ki/04/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/04/32.md +++ b/1ki/04/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/04/33.md b/1ki/04/33.md index a3d833a341..dd79b18890 100644 --- a/1ki/04/33.md +++ b/1ki/04/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cedar ... hyssop These words form a merism that includes all plants. Alternate translation: "cedar tree ... hyssop bush" or "the greatest of trees ... least important of bushes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/04/34.md b/1ki/04/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/04/34.md +++ b/1ki/04/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/04/intro.md b/1ki/04/intro.md index e30aeeb36d..f1b0a3aaa6 100644 --- a/1ki/04/intro.md +++ b/1ki/04/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ # 1 Kings 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +This chapter names the important people in Solomon's government and shows the extent of his kingdom. -This chapter names the important people in Solomon's government and shows the extent of his kingdom. ## Links: * __[1 Kings 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/05/01.md b/1ki/05/01.md index 1fd769ddfc..8f1af0fe82 100644 --- a/1ki/05/01.md +++ b/1ki/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon talks with King Hiram about building the Temple. # Hiram had always loved David "Hiram had always been a close friend of King David" - diff --git a/1ki/05/02.md b/1ki/05/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/05/02.md +++ b/1ki/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/05/03.md b/1ki/05/03.md index 6bcdd5f7d2..dc471d7599 100644 --- a/1ki/05/03.md +++ b/1ki/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Another possible meaning is "because of the wars with which his enemies surround # Yahweh was putting his enemies under the soles of his feet This speaks of Yahweh giving David complete control over his enemies as putting them under his feet. Alternate translation: "Yahweh was enabling David to completely defeat his enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/05/04.md b/1ki/05/04.md index 89423c9482..27031986c8 100644 --- a/1ki/05/04.md +++ b/1ki/05/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ enemy # disaster event that causes harm to people and their property - diff --git a/1ki/05/05.md b/1ki/05/05.md index d8e43d663d..4f82334d77 100644 --- a/1ki/05/05.md +++ b/1ki/05/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "name" is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "where Yahwe # set on your throne in your place Here "throne" refers to ruling as king. Alternate translation: "make to be the king after you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/05/06.md b/1ki/05/06.md index 8eda5662db..6d189db7fe 100644 --- a/1ki/05/06.md +++ b/1ki/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Solomon continues to talk with King Hiram about building the temple. # Sidonians people of the city of Sidon - diff --git a/1ki/05/07.md b/1ki/05/07.md index a5d90d11c7..bded57e9a2 100644 --- a/1ki/05/07.md +++ b/1ki/05/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ King Hiram answers Solomon. # May Yahweh be blessed today This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I praise Yahweh today" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/05/08.md b/1ki/05/08.md index 63abefb325..b41ecaa395 100644 --- a/1ki/05/08.md +++ b/1ki/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cypress Cypress is another kind of valuable wood that would be used for building the temple. - diff --git a/1ki/05/09.md b/1ki/05/09.md index 066a90d242..b7dfb664c0 100644 --- a/1ki/05/09.md +++ b/1ki/05/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "my workers untie # You will do what I desire "You can do what I want" or "You can pay me" - diff --git a/1ki/05/10.md b/1ki/05/10.md index e1367678b0..0887a37e28 100644 --- a/1ki/05/10.md +++ b/1ki/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fir The word "fir" refers to many kinds of trees, including cypress trees. - diff --git a/1ki/05/11.md b/1ki/05/11.md index 2d6b8a70a7..6261f137ef 100644 --- a/1ki/05/11.md +++ b/1ki/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # twenty thousand cors of wheat + "20,000 cors of wheat." A cor equals about 220 liters. Alternate translation: "4,400 cubic meters of wheat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) # twenty thousand baths of pure oil @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ # year by year "every year" - diff --git a/1ki/05/12.md b/1ki/05/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/05/12.md +++ b/1ki/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/05/13.md b/1ki/05/13.md index e6877e91b3..574fcf7ec7 100644 --- a/1ki/05/13.md +++ b/1ki/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon forces men to build the Temple. # conscripted labor out of all Israel "forced men from all over Israel to work" - diff --git a/1ki/05/14.md b/1ki/05/14.md index 01b820d30a..e8b033bd27 100644 --- a/1ki/05/14.md +++ b/1ki/05/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Each of the three groups spent one month working in Lebanon and then two months # the men who were subjected to forced labor This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the men whom Solomon was forcing to work for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/05/15.md b/1ki/05/15.md index 6720a1ae4e..ed23b09d77 100644 --- a/1ki/05/15.md +++ b/1ki/05/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ heavy things that people have to work hard to carry # stonecutters men who dig stones out of the ground and cut them to the proper shape - diff --git a/1ki/05/16.md b/1ki/05/16.md index 0f9817a94c..b2bef8d8cf 100644 --- a/1ki/05/16.md +++ b/1ki/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 3,300 chief officers "three thousand three hundred chief officers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/05/17.md b/1ki/05/17.md index 200f4e442e..b16ac0ee03 100644 --- a/1ki/05/17.md +++ b/1ki/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon continues to force men to build the temple. # quarried large precious stones "dug large, good stones out of the mountain and cut them to be the right shape" - diff --git a/1ki/05/18.md b/1ki/05/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/05/18.md +++ b/1ki/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/05/intro.md b/1ki/05/intro.md index 867fa22118..ea08b2e8b2 100644 --- a/1ki/05/intro.md +++ b/1ki/05/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # 1 Kings 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the beginning of the description of the building of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Building the temple -#### Building the temple Building the temple took a lot of work and cooperation. King Hiram of Tyre provided lumber for building the temple in exchange for wheat and olive oil. Solomon also had many people cutting rocks for the walls of the temple. + ## Links: * __[1 Kings 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/06/01.md b/1ki/06/01.md index f5aa107032..2bc8d0c856 100644 --- a/1ki/06/01.md +++ b/1ki/06/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the ordinal forms of 480 and 4. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-o # in the month of Ziv, which is the second month "Ziv" is the name of the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/02.md b/1ki/06/02.md index ee39331c93..d5a0108ae0 100644 --- a/1ki/06/02.md +++ b/1ki/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions. # sixty cubits long, twenty cubits wide, and thirty cubits high "60 cubits long, 20 cubits wide, and 30 cubits high." A cubit is 46 centimeters. This can be written used modern measures. Alternate translation: "27.6 meters long, 9.2 meters wide, and 13.8 meters high" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/03.md b/1ki/06/03.md index 9608e66ff4..92ad9479f6 100644 --- a/1ki/06/03.md +++ b/1ki/06/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ an area of a building made of columns and a roof that leads to and connects with # twenty cubits ... ten cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "9.2 meters ... 4.6 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/04.md b/1ki/06/04.md index 00ec1afa49..636d1ec205 100644 --- a/1ki/06/04.md +++ b/1ki/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions. # he made windows Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: "they made windows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/05.md b/1ki/06/05.md index 57eb915ecc..06d9ce29b3 100644 --- a/1ki/06/05.md +++ b/1ki/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translati # he built rooms around it He built rooms on the outside of the outside wall around the main chamber. - diff --git a/1ki/06/06.md b/1ki/06/06.md index 1a629364de..06708c3495 100644 --- a/1ki/06/06.md +++ b/1ki/06/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ They made ledges all around the main building to support the beams of the small # beams A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. - diff --git a/1ki/06/07.md b/1ki/06/07.md index 06c8ff945d..056c28ad75 100644 --- a/1ki/06/07.md +++ b/1ki/06/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" refers to God's house, the temple. # stones prepared at the quarry A quarry is where people cut large stones from a mountain and shape them with tools so they are smooth. After they prepared the stones at the quarry, they brought them to the temple. - diff --git a/1ki/06/08.md b/1ki/06/08.md index 42f89d3819..a027873a59 100644 --- a/1ki/06/08.md +++ b/1ki/06/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The narrator continues to describe the temple. # ground level ... middle level ... third level There were a total of three floors. Some languages call these "ground floor," "first floor," and "second floor." - diff --git a/1ki/06/09.md b/1ki/06/09.md index 1b84ffcb9f..4ed6f66507 100644 --- a/1ki/06/09.md +++ b/1ki/06/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. See how you tra # planks ... of cedar A plank is a flat wooden board used for floors and walls. - diff --git a/1ki/06/10.md b/1ki/06/10.md index cc7b582c25..5f7a75391c 100644 --- a/1ki/06/10.md +++ b/1ki/06/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "2.3 meters" (See: [[rc://en/t # timbers of cedar The word "timbers" is a general term that refers to wood used for building, such as beams and planks. - diff --git a/1ki/06/11.md b/1ki/06/11.md index 746b1811d9..7e591d96b3 100644 --- a/1ki/06/11.md +++ b/1ki/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came to Solomon, saying, The idiom "The word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Solomon. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to Solomon:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/12.md b/1ki/06/12.md index 6724a509f0..aa5873b59f 100644 --- a/1ki/06/12.md +++ b/1ki/06/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the importance of # I will confirm my promise with you that I had made to David your father "I will do everything I promised David your father that I would do for you" - diff --git a/1ki/06/13.md b/1ki/06/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/06/13.md +++ b/1ki/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/06/14.md b/1ki/06/14.md index 41054fae67..7183ba4e31 100644 --- a/1ki/06/14.md +++ b/1ki/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Solomon Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: "Solomon's workers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/15.md b/1ki/06/15.md index ff533363a1..a53cc6c7a7 100644 --- a/1ki/06/15.md +++ b/1ki/06/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ walls between the rooms on the inside # cypress Cypress is a kind of wood that was used for building the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/16.md b/1ki/06/16.md index 4fb67099f5..05f85b8cd0 100644 --- a/1ki/06/16.md +++ b/1ki/06/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translati # twenty cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "9.2 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/17.md b/1ki/06/17.md index 89903e315d..31217f4e68 100644 --- a/1ki/06/17.md +++ b/1ki/06/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "18.4 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ # main hall "main room" - diff --git a/1ki/06/18.md b/1ki/06/18.md index ec28858492..611798e01c 100644 --- a/1ki/06/18.md +++ b/1ki/06/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a type of hard, round vegetable that grows on a vine on the ground # open flowers "blooming flowers" or "flowers that were open" - diff --git a/1ki/06/19.md b/1ki/06/19.md index 607cc0f743..5b8c537fc8 100644 --- a/1ki/06/19.md +++ b/1ki/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Solomon prepared Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: "They prepared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/20.md b/1ki/06/20.md index 1c71d439bc..4fd1f78cda 100644 --- a/1ki/06/20.md +++ b/1ki/06/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # covered the altar with cedar wood This altar would be used for burning incense. - diff --git a/1ki/06/21.md b/1ki/06/21.md index 560e6d8a6e..5b98b24f37 100644 --- a/1ki/06/21.md +++ b/1ki/06/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # overlaid "covered" - diff --git a/1ki/06/22.md b/1ki/06/22.md index e3b575172f..653fc56d47 100644 --- a/1ki/06/22.md +++ b/1ki/06/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # altar that belonged to the inner room "altar of incense at the entrance to the inner room" - diff --git a/1ki/06/23.md b/1ki/06/23.md index 8c6407b47c..8beabe95c0 100644 --- a/1ki/06/23.md +++ b/1ki/06/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ wood from an olive tree # ten cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "4.6 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/24.md b/1ki/06/24.md index 0e463d2e2c..3406f4b2d5 100644 --- a/1ki/06/24.md +++ b/1ki/06/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # five cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "2.3 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/25.md b/1ki/06/25.md index b279833411..0813f549e1 100644 --- a/1ki/06/25.md +++ b/1ki/06/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the distance from the tip of one wing to the tip of the other wing # same dimensions "same size" - diff --git a/1ki/06/26.md b/1ki/06/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/06/26.md +++ b/1ki/06/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/06/27.md b/1ki/06/27.md index 9a50109d3b..7c872fcf8b 100644 --- a/1ki/06/27.md +++ b/1ki/06/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # innermost room another name for the most holy place - diff --git a/1ki/06/28.md b/1ki/06/28.md index ed6003f754..05d6cbebe5 100644 --- a/1ki/06/28.md +++ b/1ki/06/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # overlaid "covered." See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:21](../06/21.md). - diff --git a/1ki/06/29.md b/1ki/06/29.md index a0ebd2ae23..c02367e556 100644 --- a/1ki/06/29.md +++ b/1ki/06/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He carved Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: "He commanded them to carve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/30.md b/1ki/06/30.md index 219b4b3292..f6308bd614 100644 --- a/1ki/06/30.md +++ b/1ki/06/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # overlaid covered - diff --git a/1ki/06/31.md b/1ki/06/31.md index e7f7c0f367..7642c755b6 100644 --- a/1ki/06/31.md +++ b/1ki/06/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ beam across the top of a door frame # indented sections toothlike notches on each of five sections - diff --git a/1ki/06/32.md b/1ki/06/32.md index 7ee91a360f..0c386014c6 100644 --- a/1ki/06/32.md +++ b/1ki/06/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # overlaid "covered." See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:21](../06/21.md). - diff --git a/1ki/06/33.md b/1ki/06/33.md index 5aaaf3e909..32f23d099e 100644 --- a/1ki/06/33.md +++ b/1ki/06/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # indented sections tooth-like notches - diff --git a/1ki/06/34.md b/1ki/06/34.md index 0a40b38ace..da140822d9 100644 --- a/1ki/06/34.md +++ b/1ki/06/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The two leaves of the one door This means each door had two sections connected by hinges so they could fold together. - diff --git a/1ki/06/35.md b/1ki/06/35.md index dfba2af297..81dfc636a0 100644 --- a/1ki/06/35.md +++ b/1ki/06/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He carved ... he evenly overlaid Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: "They carved ... they evenly overlaid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/36.md b/1ki/06/36.md index 034b9c1002..c535d83ff8 100644 --- a/1ki/06/36.md +++ b/1ki/06/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # cedar beams A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:6](../06/06.md). - diff --git a/1ki/06/37.md b/1ki/06/37.md index d35cd9261c..de57eba771 100644 --- a/1ki/06/37.md +++ b/1ki/06/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "fourth" is the ordinal form of "four." You may need to make explicit t # in the month of Ziv "Ziv" is the name of the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:1](../06/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/38.md b/1ki/06/38.md index d1718e34d0..08bf552972 100644 --- a/1ki/06/38.md +++ b/1ki/06/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they finished bui # Solomon took Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: "It took Solomon's workers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/06/intro.md b/1ki/06/intro.md index a36c34ecde..c8788ce59a 100644 --- a/1ki/06/intro.md +++ b/1ki/06/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 1 Kings 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The building of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Building the temple + +Solomon built the temple in seven years. The outside walls were made of rock. Solomon shaped the rocks for the wall in the quarry and then assembled them at the temple site. The inside was covered with wood. Inside the temple was a room covered by gold, which was the Most Holy Place where the ark was housed under statues of angels. It represented the presence of God. -#### Building the temple -Solomon built the temple in seven years. The outside walls were made of rock. Solomon shaped the rocks for the wall in the quarry and then assembled them at the temple site. The inside was covered with wood. Inside the temple was a room covered by gold, which was the Most Holy Place where the ark was housed under statues of angels. It represented the presence of God. - ## Links: * __[1 Kings 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/07/01.md b/1ki/07/01.md index 8400a73ad2..4217342737 100644 --- a/1ki/07/01.md +++ b/1ki/07/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # palace If your language does not have a word for "palace," you may translate this as "house" or "big house." - diff --git a/1ki/07/02.md b/1ki/07/02.md index eed19a2fd9..e089684938 100644 --- a/1ki/07/02.md +++ b/1ki/07/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "46 meters ... 23 meters ... 1 # beams A beam is a long piece of strong wood used to support walls and roofs. - diff --git a/1ki/07/03.md b/1ki/07/03.md index 472b4e798d..2cd87de389 100644 --- a/1ki/07/03.md +++ b/1ki/07/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The carpenters built # beams long pieces of strong wood usually used to support a roof - diff --git a/1ki/07/04.md b/1ki/07/04.md index 3bada6af80..1b5034d262 100644 --- a/1ki/07/04.md +++ b/1ki/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Some details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon. - diff --git a/1ki/07/05.md b/1ki/07/05.md index e9480a54a2..4e57236c66 100644 --- a/1ki/07/05.md +++ b/1ki/07/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Fores # were made square "had rectangular frames" - diff --git a/1ki/07/06.md b/1ki/07/06.md index cfb56368d1..b59025124f 100644 --- a/1ki/07/06.md +++ b/1ki/07/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "23 meters ... 13.8 meters" (S # portico an area of a building made of columns and a roof that leads to and connects with the building's entrance door. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:3](../06/03.md) - diff --git a/1ki/07/07.md b/1ki/07/07.md index 7eb9fb8a0a..6515506f77 100644 --- a/1ki/07/07.md +++ b/1ki/07/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the house in which he was going to place his throne" o # It was covered with cedar This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The workers covered the floor with cedar wood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/08.md b/1ki/07/08.md index 5b6db9100b..fbaf8d4b98 100644 --- a/1ki/07/08.md +++ b/1ki/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Solomon had someo # He also built Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: "He also commanded them to build" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/09.md b/1ki/07/09.md index 4a18606faa..2366b86118 100644 --- a/1ki/07/09.md +++ b/1ki/07/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The workers used thes # from the foundation to the stones on top, and also on the outside to the great court The author is emphasizing that the workers used expensive stones for the foundations and all the buildings. - diff --git a/1ki/07/10.md b/1ki/07/10.md index 8b6d3788e1..81f20f6419 100644 --- a/1ki/07/10.md +++ b/1ki/07/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The workers construct # eight and ten cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "about 3.7 meters and 4.6 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/11.md b/1ki/07/11.md index cca89e7e78..11d0d00b99 100644 --- a/1ki/07/11.md +++ b/1ki/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cedar beams A beam is a long piece of wood used for structural support. - diff --git a/1ki/07/12.md b/1ki/07/12.md index a19fbffe81..f54a00c872 100644 --- a/1ki/07/12.md +++ b/1ki/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # three rows of cut stone and a row of cedar beams See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:36](../06/36.md). - diff --git a/1ki/07/13.md b/1ki/07/13.md index 5c071b768e..47c4df9139 100644 --- a/1ki/07/13.md +++ b/1ki/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brought him from Tyre Huram accepted Solomon's invitation to come to Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/14.md b/1ki/07/14.md index e935c34396..8058804bba 100644 --- a/1ki/07/14.md +++ b/1ki/07/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A widow is a woman whose husband has died, so we know that the father is dead. ( # Huram was filled with wisdom and understanding and skill This can be stated in active form. The words "wisdom and understanding" mean basically the same thing and are used together for emphasis. Yahweh giving such things as wisdom is spoken of as if they were liquids that Yahweh had poured into a container, and Huram is spoken of as if he were that container. Alternate translation: "Yahweh had given Huram wisdom, understanding, and skill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/15.md b/1ki/07/15.md index 27bf09dd77..21db39b69b 100644 --- a/1ki/07/15.md +++ b/1ki/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "about 8.3 meters ... 5. # in circumference Circumference is the distance or measurement around a circular object or area. - diff --git a/1ki/07/16.md b/1ki/07/16.md index 0febf61853..c6027a3397 100644 --- a/1ki/07/16.md +++ b/1ki/07/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ decorations on top of each of the two pillars # polished bronze They polished the bronze so that it would reflect sunlight. "gleaming bronze" - diff --git a/1ki/07/17.md b/1ki/07/17.md index 90f6ea82c0..4369ddcadc 100644 --- a/1ki/07/17.md +++ b/1ki/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Checker latticework and wreaths of chain work "Crossed metal strips woven together and metal chains twisted together" - diff --git a/1ki/07/18.md b/1ki/07/18.md index 2f83b6fcd5..ec4b0a2c9a 100644 --- a/1ki/07/18.md +++ b/1ki/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: " # two rows of pomegranates A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. Huram did not use real pomegranates to decorate the pillars. He made them out of bronze. - diff --git a/1ki/07/19.md b/1ki/07/19.md index f97ccd50d9..7e533c4d53 100644 --- a/1ki/07/19.md +++ b/1ki/07/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate "portico" as in [1 Kings 7:6](../07/06.md). # four cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "about 1.8 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/20.md b/1ki/07/20.md index dd147a69ce..bcf27e97be 100644 --- a/1ki/07/20.md +++ b/1ki/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # two hundred pomegranates "200 pomegranates." A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:18](../07/18.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/21.md b/1ki/07/21.md index a0239f966b..ddb327e1bc 100644 --- a/1ki/07/21.md +++ b/1ki/07/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The name of the pilla # the pillar on the left was named Boaz This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The name of the pillar on the left side was Boaz" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/22.md b/1ki/07/22.md index a95659e87e..ef685f33a7 100644 --- a/1ki/07/22.md +++ b/1ki/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The fashioning of the pillars was done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Huram fashioned the pillars" or "Huram's men fashioned the pillars" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/23.md b/1ki/07/23.md index 75714a4180..e0d30e2a02 100644 --- a/1ki/07/23.md +++ b/1ki/07/23.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "4.6 meters ... 2.3 meters ... # in circumference Circumference is the distance or measurement around a circular object or area. - diff --git a/1ki/07/24.md b/1ki/07/24.md index 490eeaad1a..747b60f9eb 100644 --- a/1ki/07/24.md +++ b/1ki/07/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A gourd is a type of hard, round vegetable that grows on a vine on the ground. # when that basin was cast This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when Huram cast that basin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/25.md b/1ki/07/25.md index fcf89f6065..c89f8cf1d1 100644 --- a/1ki/07/25.md +++ b/1ki/07/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Huram's workers set ' # hindquarters This is the back quarter of the body of an animal with four feet. - diff --git a/1ki/07/26.md b/1ki/07/26.md index a232404718..5a6ec4778b 100644 --- a/1ki/07/26.md +++ b/1ki/07/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # the width of a hand + This is about eight centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # its brim was forged like the brim of a cup, like a lily blossom @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Huram forged the brim # two thousand baths "2,000 baths." A bath is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: "44 cubic meters" or "44,000 liters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]] and (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]])) - diff --git a/1ki/07/27.md b/1ki/07/27.md index 821c7db726..19a16cd15a 100644 --- a/1ki/07/27.md +++ b/1ki/07/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: " # four cubits ... three cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "about 1.8 meters ... about 1.4 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/28.md b/1ki/07/28.md index 2d292c815c..bc8df3bc8a 100644 --- a/1ki/07/28.md +++ b/1ki/07/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The work of the stands was like this This means the author will describe the stands in the words that follow. - diff --git a/1ki/07/29.md b/1ki/07/29.md index 4145e1d0c6..dd8b79b05c 100644 --- a/1ki/07/29.md +++ b/1ki/07/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ There were decorative pieces in the shapes of lions, oxen, and cherubim fastened # wreaths of hammered work Here the word "wreaths" refers to spiral-shaped pieces of bronze. - diff --git a/1ki/07/30.md b/1ki/07/30.md index 1652cd104d..da33965d0f 100644 --- a/1ki/07/30.md +++ b/1ki/07/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ There was one axle for each pair of wheels. Alternate translation: "four bronze # The supports were cast with wreaths Each support was cast as one piece with the wreaths. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Huram cast the supports with spiral-shaped pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/31.md b/1ki/07/31.md index fc546d3e32..028f899fa1 100644 --- a/1ki/07/31.md +++ b/1ki/07/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "crown" refers to the circular piece at the top of the stand's ope # their panels were square "the panels of the stands were square." This phrase returns to the description of the panels that began in [1 Kings 7:28](../07/28.md). - diff --git a/1ki/07/32.md b/1ki/07/32.md index 0bdc40bd79..7f36dce1f7 100644 --- a/1ki/07/32.md +++ b/1ki/07/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "their" refers to the axles. The word "housings" refers to the cas # a cubit and a half A cubit was 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "about 70 centimeters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/33.md b/1ki/07/33.md index d14ce2b413..b3e876546a 100644 --- a/1ki/07/33.md +++ b/1ki/07/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Huram made the wheels # Their housings, rims, spokes, and hubs Here the word "Their" refers to the wheels. - diff --git a/1ki/07/34.md b/1ki/07/34.md index e53616a3a8..4cb58481ee 100644 --- a/1ki/07/34.md +++ b/1ki/07/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There were four handles at the four corners of each stand "There was a handle at each of the four corners of each stand" - diff --git a/1ki/07/35.md b/1ki/07/35.md index 63bec05f08..d1eb526c04 100644 --- a/1ki/07/35.md +++ b/1ki/07/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A cubit was 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "twenty-three centimeters wid # on the top of the stand its supports and panels were attached This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Huram attached the supports and panels to the top of each stand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/36.md b/1ki/07/36.md index 0a014e5802..aa18e0ffaf 100644 --- a/1ki/07/36.md +++ b/1ki/07/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to the cherubim, lions, and palm trees. # they were surrounded by wreaths The word "wreaths" refers to spiral-shaped pieces of bronze. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "there were wreaths all around them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/37.md b/1ki/07/37.md index 026e357637..341aaee5ec 100644 --- a/1ki/07/37.md +++ b/1ki/07/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Huram cast all of the # they had one size, and the same shape "all of the stands were the same size and shape" - diff --git a/1ki/07/38.md b/1ki/07/38.md index 9c812b24b8..f9cb77b52b 100644 --- a/1ki/07/38.md +++ b/1ki/07/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A bath is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: "abo # four cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "about 1.8 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/39.md b/1ki/07/39.md index 64c465bc60..e9939d6d98 100644 --- a/1ki/07/39.md +++ b/1ki/07/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: " # on the east corner, facing toward the south of the temple "near the southeast corner of the temple" - diff --git a/1ki/07/40.md b/1ki/07/40.md index d9ed083692..c69757a797 100644 --- a/1ki/07/40.md +++ b/1ki/07/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Huram made ... he finished Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: "Huram had them make ... they finished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/41.md b/1ki/07/41.md index 8e5654a9eb..71d4c46bb6 100644 --- a/1ki/07/41.md +++ b/1ki/07/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The capitals were shaped like bowls. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) # decorative latticework "crossed metal strips woven together" - diff --git a/1ki/07/42.md b/1ki/07/42.md index f8d7a183f5..3856cdf476 100644 --- a/1ki/07/42.md +++ b/1ki/07/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: " # four hundred pomegranates "400 pomegranates." A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:18](../07/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/43.md b/1ki/07/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/07/43.md +++ b/1ki/07/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/07/44.md b/1ki/07/44.md index f663e7ec43..2886d78feb 100644 --- a/1ki/07/44.md +++ b/1ki/07/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He made Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: "They made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/45.md b/1ki/07/45.md index dcf5313b15..a22f66518e 100644 --- a/1ki/07/45.md +++ b/1ki/07/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: " # polished bronze bronze that was polished so that it would reflect light - diff --git a/1ki/07/46.md b/1ki/07/46.md index 596023fcdd..afc7e1baa8 100644 --- a/1ki/07/46.md +++ b/1ki/07/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # Sukkoth ... Zarethan These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/47.md b/1ki/07/47.md index 19c1803ef0..3ec118f259 100644 --- a/1ki/07/47.md +++ b/1ki/07/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # the weight of the bronze could not be measured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one could measure the weight of the bronze" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/48.md b/1ki/07/48.md index f4d6fbc1b3..57cae890bd 100644 --- a/1ki/07/48.md +++ b/1ki/07/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: # on which the bread of the presence was to be placed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "on which the priests were to place the bread of the presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/49.md b/1ki/07/49.md index 60985240cc..f1f2f319c7 100644 --- a/1ki/07/49.md +++ b/1ki/07/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the flowers, the lamps The "flowers" and "lamps" were part of the lampstands. - diff --git a/1ki/07/50.md b/1ki/07/50.md index c3f5a070f2..d2d62ef256 100644 --- a/1ki/07/50.md +++ b/1ki/07/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "had his workers make # sockets of gold made for the doors Here "sockets" may refer to either 1) the sockets in which the door pegs turned, or 2) the hinges on which the doors hung. - diff --git a/1ki/07/51.md b/1ki/07/51.md index 631a67ba4b..f70ae653e3 100644 --- a/1ki/07/51.md +++ b/1ki/07/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the work that King Solomon directed for the house of Yahweh was finished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the workers finished the work that King Solomon had them do for the house of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/07/intro.md b/1ki/07/intro.md index 8385a0b69a..2058a11392 100644 --- a/1ki/07/intro.md +++ b/1ki/07/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # 1 Kings 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter has a description of the palace Solomon built and the materials used in the temple courtyard. It is the last chapter about the building of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Bronze -#### Bronze Solomon hired a man from Tyre who was good at casting things out of bronze. The bronze objects were made by hollowing out the shape of the object in clay and then pouring in the hot melted liquid bronze and letting it cool. He made two large pillars and a large water reservoir set on the backs of 12 bronze cows. He made all the instruments for use in the sacrifices outside the temple. He made the furnishing inside the temple out of gold. -#### The temple and the palace +### The temple and the palace + Solomon spent 13 years building a palace for himself that was much bigger than the temple. It is significant that the house of Solomon was much larger than the house of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/houseofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Solomon spent 13 years building a palace for himself that was much bigger than t * __[1 Kings 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/08/01.md b/1ki/08/01.md index 6232be71aa..ceb248f2b8 100644 --- a/1ki/08/01.md +++ b/1ki/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # assembled the elders of Israel "called together the leaders of Israel" - diff --git a/1ki/08/02.md b/1ki/08/02.md index 1bbb5b25b8..7c20fa7d20 100644 --- a/1ki/08/02.md +++ b/1ki/08/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a reference to the Feast of Sukkoth, also known as the Feast of Tabernac # in the month of Ethanim, which is the seventh month "Ethanim" is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/03.md b/1ki/08/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/03.md +++ b/1ki/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/04.md b/1ki/08/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/04.md +++ b/1ki/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/05.md b/1ki/08/05.md index 4f2f730a4c..bc55751e6c 100644 --- a/1ki/08/05.md +++ b/1ki/08/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) # sheep and cattle that could not be counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "more sheep and cattle than anyone would ever be able to count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/06.md b/1ki/08/06.md index 7fdfa7aa2b..443e12744e 100644 --- a/1ki/08/06.md +++ b/1ki/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into the inner room of the house, to the most holy place, under "into the inner room of the house—that is, to the most holy place—under" - diff --git a/1ki/08/07.md b/1ki/08/07.md index 4aaf1b29d3..4f1f8f6c15 100644 --- a/1ki/08/07.md +++ b/1ki/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # poles by which it was carried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "poles by which the priests carried it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/08.md b/1ki/08/08.md index 6a664081a1..043b064baf 100644 --- a/1ki/08/08.md +++ b/1ki/08/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people could see thei # this day This means the day on which the writer wrote. - diff --git a/1ki/08/09.md b/1ki/08/09.md index efbde1953b..ef7559ec61 100644 --- a/1ki/08/09.md +++ b/1ki/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There was nothing in the ark except the two tablets ... Egypt This double negative emphasizes that the two tablets were the only things in the ark. Alternate translation: "The only things in the ark were the two tablets ... Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/10.md b/1ki/08/10.md index 9a601d2a57..111eb2c15a 100644 --- a/1ki/08/10.md +++ b/1ki/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It came about that This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/1ki/08/11.md b/1ki/08/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/11.md +++ b/1ki/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/12.md b/1ki/08/12.md index 942ae415fc..ec53c0ff0d 100644 --- a/1ki/08/12.md +++ b/1ki/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh has said ... darkness Solomon speaks to Yahweh as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/13.md b/1ki/08/13.md index bae843b3f7..d32ec7e51e 100644 --- a/1ki/08/13.md +++ b/1ki/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lofty residence beautiful building in which someone very important lives - diff --git a/1ki/08/14.md b/1ki/08/14.md index f446106517..24c7f88fe6 100644 --- a/1ki/08/14.md +++ b/1ki/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the assembly of Israel "all the people of Israel who were gathered there" - diff --git a/1ki/08/15.md b/1ki/08/15.md index dc1d28e705..460a597f58 100644 --- a/1ki/08/15.md +++ b/1ki/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Praise Yahweh, the Go # with his own hands The hand is a metonym for the power in the hand. Alternate translation: "by his own power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/16.md b/1ki/08/16.md index 8107e9a60d..1355bb11c2 100644 --- a/1ki/08/16.md +++ b/1ki/08/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in order for my name to be The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "so that people would worship me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/17.md b/1ki/08/17.md index cbeb08f8bf..a9ef7f9e62 100644 --- a/1ki/08/17.md +++ b/1ki/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the hea # for the name of Yahweh The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for the name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/18.md b/1ki/08/18.md index b59379e277..98bda0c945 100644 --- a/1ki/08/18.md +++ b/1ki/08/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshi # for it to be in your heart What David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: "to desire to do that" or "by wanting to do that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/19.md b/1ki/08/19.md index 972328de3f..0f9047e4a8 100644 --- a/1ki/08/19.md +++ b/1ki/08/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one who will be born from your loins This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "one who will be your own offspring" or "one whom you yourself will father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/20.md b/1ki/08/20.md index 453ef81a9c..22ff3408de 100644 --- a/1ki/08/20.md +++ b/1ki/08/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alte # for the name of Yahweh The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "in which people will worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/21.md b/1ki/08/21.md index 9351a789a4..78db2a6b27 100644 --- a/1ki/08/21.md +++ b/1ki/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is Yahweh's covenant, which The stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate translation: "are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/22.md b/1ki/08/22.md index f446106517..24c7f88fe6 100644 --- a/1ki/08/22.md +++ b/1ki/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the assembly of Israel "all the people of Israel who were gathered there" - diff --git a/1ki/08/23.md b/1ki/08/23.md index f8c6a02e65..226062050a 100644 --- a/1ki/08/23.md +++ b/1ki/08/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithfully" or "faithful." Al # walk before you with all their heart The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "live wholeheartedly the way that you want them to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/24.md b/1ki/08/24.md index db1056f412..67bb93545a 100644 --- a/1ki/08/24.md +++ b/1ki/08/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fulfilled it with your hand The hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate translation: "by your power fulfilled what you said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/25.md b/1ki/08/25.md index a518a86e5e..774b1e9865 100644 --- a/1ki/08/25.md +++ b/1ki/08/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alte # walk before me ... have walked before me The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "live as I want you to ... have lived as I want you to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/26.md b/1ki/08/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/26.md +++ b/1ki/08/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/27.md b/1ki/08/27.md index 50eb74c6b0..7cfe051fe3 100644 --- a/1ki/08/27.md +++ b/1ki/08/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Solomon speaks about God in the third person. It can be stated in the secon # you—how much less can this temple that I have built "you, so this temple that I have built certainly cannot contain you" - diff --git a/1ki/08/28.md b/1ki/08/28.md index bd696cec45..f33d9bf06b 100644 --- a/1ki/08/28.md +++ b/1ki/08/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "prayer" and "humble request" mean basically the same thing and emphas # listen to the cry and prayer that your servant prays before you today The words "cry" and "prayer" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he asks Yahweh to help him. Solomon refers to himself as "your servant" to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "listen to me, your servant, as I call today for you to help me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/29.md b/1ki/08/29.md index 4f99e1b6ad..f4d7f3cf9f 100644 --- a/1ki/08/29.md +++ b/1ki/08/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two words together emphasize that Yahweh will dwell in the temple. (See: [ # that your servant will pray Solomon speaks of himself as "your servant" to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "that I, your servant, will pray" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/30.md b/1ki/08/30.md index c74e94691f..3adeb5552f 100644 --- a/1ki/08/30.md +++ b/1ki/08/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # listen to the humble request of your servant and of your people Israel Solomon speaks of himself as "your servant" to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "listen to my humble request and the humble request of your people Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/31.md b/1ki/08/31.md index ad2687f42c..5a0995efc9 100644 --- a/1ki/08/31.md +++ b/1ki/08/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is required to swear This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone requires him to swear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/32.md b/1ki/08/32.md index 1ef77bcf2a..911ab1e320 100644 --- a/1ki/08/32.md +++ b/1ki/08/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "head" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "on him" (See: [[ # give to him according to his righteousness "to give him what he deserves because he is righteous" - diff --git a/1ki/08/33.md b/1ki/08/33.md index 394dc0660f..083ba56a39 100644 --- a/1ki/08/33.md +++ b/1ki/08/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "an enemy defeats your # confess your name Possible meanings are 1) "confess that they have sinned against you" or 2) "praise you" or 3) "say that they will obey you from now on." - diff --git a/1ki/08/34.md b/1ki/08/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/34.md +++ b/1ki/08/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/35.md b/1ki/08/35.md index 33264bff33..f15b066230 100644 --- a/1ki/08/35.md +++ b/1ki/08/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sky is spoken of as if it were a building in which God stores the rain. Alte # confess your name Possible meanings are 1) "confess that they have sinned against you" or 2) "praise you" or 3) "say that they will obey you from now on." See how you translated this in [1 Kings 8:33](../08/33.md). - diff --git a/1ki/08/36.md b/1ki/08/36.md index 236f21d41e..5e040dc45f 100644 --- a/1ki/08/36.md +++ b/1ki/08/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in which they should walk The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "that they should live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/37.md b/1ki/08/37.md index 105b56852a..930ee6ce17 100644 --- a/1ki/08/37.md +++ b/1ki/08/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are agricultural terms that refer to the death of crops from either too li # locusts or caterpillars A "locust" is a type of grasshopper that causes destruction by eating crops. The word "caterpillar" refers to an early growth stage of the locust. - diff --git a/1ki/08/38.md b/1ki/08/38.md index 0a08a31b5b..245a00a911 100644 --- a/1ki/08/38.md +++ b/1ki/08/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "prayer" and "humble requests" mean basically the same thing and empha # knowing the plague in his own heart Possible meanings are 1) The person's sin is spoken of as if it were a plague. Alternate translation: "knowing the sin in his own heart" or 2) The "plague" is a metonym for the sins that the disasters are a punishment for. Alternate translation: "knowing in his heart that the plague is the result of his own sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/39.md b/1ki/08/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/39.md +++ b/1ki/08/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/40.md b/1ki/08/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/40.md +++ b/1ki/08/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/41.md b/1ki/08/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/41.md +++ b/1ki/08/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/42.md b/1ki/08/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/42.md +++ b/1ki/08/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/43.md b/1ki/08/43.md index a4987efbf5..62969a1648 100644 --- a/1ki/08/43.md +++ b/1ki/08/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this house I have built is called by your name The phrase "is called by your name" shows that God possesses and owns the house. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you own this house that I have built" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/44.md b/1ki/08/44.md index 594bbf6a41..6dd9e89817 100644 --- a/1ki/08/44.md +++ b/1ki/08/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon speaks about events that he thinks could happen in the future. The situa # for your name The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "in which people will worship you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/45.md b/1ki/08/45.md index eb911a482e..5961225ff2 100644 --- a/1ki/08/45.md +++ b/1ki/08/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their prayer and their request The words "prayer" and "request" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people are sincere as they make their request. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: "their request" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/46.md b/1ki/08/46.md index 1d7d6b0185..8519f1c349 100644 --- a/1ki/08/46.md +++ b/1ki/08/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Suppose that they sin ... suppose that you are Solomon speaks about events that he thinks could happen in the future. The events that he describes in verese 46-48 are conditions for his requests in verses 49-50. - diff --git a/1ki/08/47.md b/1ki/08/47.md index 719265e028..99759850dc 100644 --- a/1ki/08/47.md +++ b/1ki/08/47.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two sentences mean the same thing. Together they emphasize how bad the peo # acted perversely and sinned The words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how badly the people sinned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/48.md b/1ki/08/48.md index 151ce3e8e5..fdb4c64ae8 100644 --- a/1ki/08/48.md +++ b/1ki/08/48.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The idiom "with all ... heart" means "completely" and "with all ... soul" means # for your name The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "in which people will worship you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/49.md b/1ki/08/49.md index 4e3f58faea..7a1e80213d 100644 --- a/1ki/08/49.md +++ b/1ki/08/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their prayer and their request The two words "prayer" and "request" mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that the people were sincere as they made their request to Yahweh. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/50.md b/1ki/08/50.md index de6ca8ef51..d54b29333d 100644 --- a/1ki/08/50.md +++ b/1ki/08/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Forgive your people who have sinned against you, and all their transgressions that they have committed against you Solomon twice requests Yahweh to forgive the people. This emphasizes the earnestness of his request. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/51.md b/1ki/08/51.md index 543ed989c3..36e28080d6 100644 --- a/1ki/08/51.md +++ b/1ki/08/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a furnace where iron is forged This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a furnace where people forge iron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/52.md b/1ki/08/52.md index e9ec7cd5b6..b8d8be3fd0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/52.md +++ b/1ki/08/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May your eyes be open The eye is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "Please pay attention" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/53.md b/1ki/08/53.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/53.md +++ b/1ki/08/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/54.md b/1ki/08/54.md index 8a860f91e7..eac5d238b6 100644 --- a/1ki/08/54.md +++ b/1ki/08/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # prayer and request The words "prayer" and "request" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he makes his request. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: "request" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/55.md b/1ki/08/55.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/55.md +++ b/1ki/08/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/56.md b/1ki/08/56.md index 4a669cfc6a..84ea813050 100644 --- a/1ki/08/56.md +++ b/1ki/08/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Praise Yahweh" (See: # Not one word has failed out of all Yahweh's good promises This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has made every word of his good promises come true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/57.md b/1ki/08/57.md index 9ce5ccdca4..a7a54e5678 100644 --- a/1ki/08/57.md +++ b/1ki/08/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # leave us or abandon us These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Solomon's desire for Yahweh to be present with the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/58.md b/1ki/08/58.md index d7d1a1c53d..7494218abd 100644 --- a/1ki/08/58.md +++ b/1ki/08/58.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here their "hearts" refer to the people's desires and emotions. Desiring to plea # live in all his ways Here "in his ways" is an idiom that refers to the way he wants people to live. Alternate translation: "live as he requires us to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/59.md b/1ki/08/59.md index 990e32054d..b9b1428d7c 100644 --- a/1ki/08/59.md +++ b/1ki/08/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # day and night This merism refers to "all the time" or "continually." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/60.md b/1ki/08/60.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/08/60.md +++ b/1ki/08/60.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/08/61.md b/1ki/08/61.md index 9275a67fa1..8acb2f27b9 100644 --- a/1ki/08/61.md +++ b/1ki/08/61.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # walk in his statutes The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "always obey his statutes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/62.md b/1ki/08/62.md index cefb5f367e..52455feda4 100644 --- a/1ki/08/62.md +++ b/1ki/08/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all Israel with him This generalization may refer either 1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in [1 Kings 8:1](../08/01.md), or 2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/63.md b/1ki/08/63.md index 4b9a5fcf41..7cb5f8ba71 100644 --- a/1ki/08/63.md +++ b/1ki/08/63.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This generalization may refer either 1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jer # 120,000 sheep "one hundred twenty thousand sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/64.md b/1ki/08/64.md index f56afb7247..a24886ad99 100644 --- a/1ki/08/64.md +++ b/1ki/08/64.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the bronze altar that was before Yahweh "the bronze altar that was in Yahweh's presence." Since the temple is Yahweh's dwelling place among his people, the altar is described as being in his presence. - diff --git a/1ki/08/65.md b/1ki/08/65.md index b0a7840929..6cf7718ed5 100644 --- a/1ki/08/65.md +++ b/1ki/08/65.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This generalization may refer either 1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jer # seven days ... seven days ... fourteen days "7 days ... 7 days ... 14 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/66.md b/1ki/08/66.md index b2f40059ad..8d4dad5e04 100644 --- a/1ki/08/66.md +++ b/1ki/08/66.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "eighth" is the ordinal form of "8." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transla # joyful and glad The two words mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/08/intro.md b/1ki/08/intro.md index acf975b599..2f650cf91d 100644 --- a/1ki/08/intro.md +++ b/1ki/08/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 1 Kings 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ark is placed in the new temple. This is a very significant event in the history of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Celebration of the temple's completion -When the temple was finished, Solomon told all of the people to come to Jerusalem. They took the ark out of the tent and brought it to the temple. Then Solomon prayed that God would hear and answer prayers made to him when they faced towards the temple. +### Celebration of the temple's completion -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +When the temple was finished, Solomon told all of the people to come to Jerusalem. They took the ark out of the tent and brought it to the temple. Then Solomon prayed that God would hear and answer prayers made to him when they faced towards the temple. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Idiom -#### Idiom Solomon prayed that God would respond to people's prayers using an idiom: "that your eyes may be open to the request of your servant." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Solomon prayed that God would respond to people's prayers using an idiom: "that * __[1 Kings 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/09/01.md b/1ki/09/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/09/01.md +++ b/1ki/09/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/09/02.md b/1ki/09/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/09/02.md +++ b/1ki/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/09/03.md b/1ki/09/03.md index 0f8d5d8757..1ac91eab7d 100644 --- a/1ki/09/03.md +++ b/1ki/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "to dwell there and # My eyes and my heart will be there The eyes and heart are synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "I will protect and care for it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/04.md b/1ki/09/04.md index 9acfe23496..cb61ccd116 100644 --- a/1ki/09/04.md +++ b/1ki/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Al # in integrity of heart and in uprightness These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize how righteous David was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/05.md b/1ki/09/05.md index ce07ab4456..e59b5d7d47 100644 --- a/1ki/09/05.md +++ b/1ki/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "throne" refers to his reign. Alternate translation: "your dynasty" or "you # will never fail to be on the throne of Israel The action of ruling a kingdom is spoken of as if it were a person sitting on a throne. This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "will always rule over Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/06.md b/1ki/09/06.md index 68f56344d2..d704ed5c8a 100644 --- a/1ki/09/06.md +++ b/1ki/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "commandments" and "statutes" mean basically the same thing and e # worship other gods and bow down to them These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/07.md b/1ki/09/07.md index 78b917067f..e8630a2a97 100644 --- a/1ki/09/07.md +++ b/1ki/09/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "name" is a metonym for the person who possesses something. Altern # I will cast it out of my sight The abstract noun "sight" can be expressed with the verb "see." Looking at something is a metaphor for protecting it. Alternate translation: "I will put it where I no longer have to see it" or "I will get rid of it so I no longer have to protect it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/08.md b/1ki/09/08.md index e1d999fd38..8068118357 100644 --- a/1ki/09/08.md +++ b/1ki/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will be shocked and will hiss This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will express amazement and make a sound of disrespect" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/09.md b/1ki/09/09.md index ca1a01585b..d290b4e572 100644 --- a/1ki/09/09.md +++ b/1ki/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bowed down to them and worshiped them These two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase "bowed down to them" describes the posture that people used in worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/10.md b/1ki/09/10.md index ca3c84d4cf..fd038015e4 100644 --- a/1ki/09/10.md +++ b/1ki/09/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # Solomon had finished building It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/11.md b/1ki/09/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/09/11.md +++ b/1ki/09/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/09/12.md b/1ki/09/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/09/12.md +++ b/1ki/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/09/13.md b/1ki/09/13.md index 733e3fefc3..5339cfe5eb 100644 --- a/1ki/09/13.md +++ b/1ki/09/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hiram is rebuking Solomon. This questions can be translated as a statement. Alte # which they are still called today This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and people still call them that today" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/14.md b/1ki/09/14.md index fac31671b3..b7df1efded 100644 --- a/1ki/09/14.md +++ b/1ki/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 120 talents of gold "one hundred and twenty talents of gold." A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: "about 4,000 kilograms of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/15.md b/1ki/09/15.md index 244e8f0e3d..92f1909925 100644 --- a/1ki/09/15.md +++ b/1ki/09/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the Millo Possible meanings are 1) "the terrace system" or 2) "the landfill." - diff --git a/1ki/09/16.md b/1ki/09/16.md index e0d3c283d6..ae7ceee44e 100644 --- a/1ki/09/16.md +++ b/1ki/09/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up The person is a metonym for the army he commands. Alternate translation: "The army of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, had gone up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/17.md b/1ki/09/17.md index 6a66549c03..1c63c3e539 100644 --- a/1ki/09/17.md +++ b/1ki/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Solomon rebuilt Gezer It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/18.md b/1ki/09/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/09/18.md +++ b/1ki/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/09/19.md b/1ki/09/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/09/19.md +++ b/1ki/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/09/20.md b/1ki/09/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/09/20.md +++ b/1ki/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/09/21.md b/1ki/09/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/09/21.md +++ b/1ki/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/09/22.md b/1ki/09/22.md index 3bfff8a80a..ca0c6b16fa 100644 --- a/1ki/09/22.md +++ b/1ki/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Solomon made no forced laborers of the people of Israel "Solomon did not force the people of Israel to labor" - diff --git a/1ki/09/23.md b/1ki/09/23.md index ae0afaa12b..b600b39c6a 100644 --- a/1ki/09/23.md +++ b/1ki/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 550 of them "five hundred and fifty of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/24.md b/1ki/09/24.md index 0f89ce9eaf..1965effce8 100644 --- a/1ki/09/24.md +++ b/1ki/09/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # built the Millo Possible meanings are 1) "built the terrace system" or 2) "built the landfill." See how you translated "the Millo" in [1 Kings 9:15](../09/15.md). - diff --git a/1ki/09/25.md b/1ki/09/25.md index b8118a5618..ad0bd06730 100644 --- a/1ki/09/25.md +++ b/1ki/09/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [1 Kings 8:64](../08/64.md). # So he completed the temple Solomon is a metonym for the workers he hired to do the work. Alternate translation: "So his workers completed the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/26.md b/1ki/09/26.md index d1c0b39ceb..42f7035b0a 100644 --- a/1ki/09/26.md +++ b/1ki/09/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people h # a fleet of ships "a large group of ships" - diff --git a/1ki/09/27.md b/1ki/09/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/09/27.md +++ b/1ki/09/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/09/28.md b/1ki/09/28.md index 85694daa83..8c67b7df95 100644 --- a/1ki/09/28.md +++ b/1ki/09/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 420 talents of gold "four hundred and twenty talents of gold." A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: "about 14,000 kilograms of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/1ki/09/intro.md b/1ki/09/intro.md index 9139c0c6fd..844f7d10c9 100644 --- a/1ki/09/intro.md +++ b/1ki/09/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 1 Kings 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting There are two parts to this chapter. Verses 1–9 is a dream in which God warned Solomon that he and his descendants were not to worship idols. If they did this, the temple would be destroyed. Verses 10–28 is about Solomon's extensive building and his partnership with Hiram, king of Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Worship only Yahweh -#### Worship only Yahweh Yahweh alone must be worshiped. It is necessary for people to stay faithful to God and not worship idols. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor 'Walk" is a common image in Scripture. It is said, "if you walk before me as David your father walked." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/walk]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh alone must be worshiped. It is necessary for people to stay faithful to G * __[1 Kings 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/10/01.md b/1ki/10/01.md index 7ac51b5b75..85483f664b 100644 --- a/1ki/10/01.md +++ b/1ki/10/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the report about Solomon concerning the name of Yahweh Here Yahweh is represented by his "name." Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: "Solomon's fame, which glorified Yahweh" or 2) Alternate translation: "Solomon's fame, which Yahweh had given him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/02.md b/1ki/10/02.md index a48697ddc5..f8102f1d8c 100644 --- a/1ki/10/02.md +++ b/1ki/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all that was in her heart This is a generalization. Alternate translation: "everything she wanted to know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/03.md b/1ki/10/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/10/03.md +++ b/1ki/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/10/04.md b/1ki/10/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/10/04.md +++ b/1ki/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/10/05.md b/1ki/10/05.md index 66c719e982..26682784e6 100644 --- a/1ki/10/05.md +++ b/1ki/10/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "how his servants were seated around the table" or 2) " # there was no more breath in her This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "she was utterly amazed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/06.md b/1ki/10/06.md index a4d03ad50e..5be4464715 100644 --- a/1ki/10/06.md +++ b/1ki/10/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your words and your wisdom Here the word "wisdom" can describe the word "words." Alternate translation: "your wise sayings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/07.md b/1ki/10/07.md index 54939fc652..c49a34315d 100644 --- a/1ki/10/07.md +++ b/1ki/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "my eyes" emphasizes that she herself saw it. Alternate translation: # Not half was told me This can be stated without the passive form, and you may want to make explicit the idea that ellipsis omits. Alternate translation: "They did not tell me about even half of how wise and wealthy you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/08.md b/1ki/10/08.md index 47d517ad22..b5763b217d 100644 --- a/1ki/10/08.md +++ b/1ki/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who constantly stand before you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "who are always in your presence waiting to serve you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/09.md b/1ki/10/09.md index da46982262..491a92f5b2 100644 --- a/1ki/10/09.md +++ b/1ki/10/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May people praise Yah # who placed you on the throne of Israel The throne is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate translation: "who made you king of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/10.md b/1ki/10/10.md index c190ad1267..9209ea5b18 100644 --- a/1ki/10/10.md +++ b/1ki/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # No greater amount of spices ... was ever given to him again This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one ever again gave to King Solomon more spices than the queen of Sheba gave to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/11.md b/1ki/10/11.md index 3d7a4892d4..73ef2e50e5 100644 --- a/1ki/10/11.md +++ b/1ki/10/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # almug wood a type of wood, possibly one with a pleasant scent (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/12.md b/1ki/10/12.md index d1d48c3e26..5ab7a5da2f 100644 --- a/1ki/10/12.md +++ b/1ki/10/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nor has anyone ever s # to this day This means to the day that the author was writing this. - diff --git a/1ki/10/13.md b/1ki/10/13.md index 243ffdc325..29fcbc3e91 100644 --- a/1ki/10/13.md +++ b/1ki/10/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. ( # of his royal bounty "because as king he had so much" - diff --git a/1ki/10/14.md b/1ki/10/14.md index e9e5191321..a6b3f858e2 100644 --- a/1ki/10/14.md +++ b/1ki/10/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 666 talents of gold "six hundred sixty-six." A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: "almost 22,000 kilograms of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/15.md b/1ki/10/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/10/15.md +++ b/1ki/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/10/16.md b/1ki/10/16.md index 311d4e98cc..37c89012c8 100644 --- a/1ki/10/16.md +++ b/1ki/10/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: "Ab # Six hundred shekels Because the word "shekels" does not appear here in the Hebrew text, some modern versions assume instead the unit of bekah, which was equivalent to only a half shekel. Any version making this assumption would signal a metric equivalent of about three kilograms. - diff --git a/1ki/10/17.md b/1ki/10/17.md index eaef6f4b26..b688fb148a 100644 --- a/1ki/10/17.md +++ b/1ki/10/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A mina is a unit of weight equal to about 550 grams. Alternate translation: "Abo # the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon "the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest." See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). - diff --git a/1ki/10/18.md b/1ki/10/18.md index 06a8116fe1..56703a0bec 100644 --- a/1ki/10/18.md +++ b/1ki/10/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people h # throne of ivory Ivory is the hard, white substance from the tusks or teeth of large animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/19.md b/1ki/10/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/10/19.md +++ b/1ki/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/10/20.md b/1ki/10/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/10/20.md +++ b/1ki/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/10/21.md b/1ki/10/21.md index 0fce7200be..47678dff6d 100644 --- a/1ki/10/21.md +++ b/1ki/10/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon "the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest." See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). - diff --git a/1ki/10/22.md b/1ki/10/22.md index 2d2f3140d9..12907a0cf8 100644 --- a/1ki/10/22.md +++ b/1ki/10/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ivory is the hard, white substance from the tusks or teeth of large animals. See # apes and baboons These animals live wild in Africa. At the ends of their four limbs are what look like human hands and feet, and they have long tails. Some people consider baboons a type of ape. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/23.md b/1ki/10/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/10/23.md +++ b/1ki/10/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/10/24.md b/1ki/10/24.md index 508164c9a1..7cc43857f9 100644 --- a/1ki/10/24.md +++ b/1ki/10/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The presence of the person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to th # to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heart The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and is spoken of as if it were a container. The abstract noun "wisdom" is spoken of as if it were an object that could be put in a container and can be translated as an adjective. It can be a metonym for either the person or the words the person speaks. Alternate translation: "to hear his wisdom, which God had given him" or "to hear how wise God had enabled him to be" or "to hear him speak the wise words that God had enabled him to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/25.md b/1ki/10/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/10/25.md +++ b/1ki/10/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/10/26.md b/1ki/10/26.md index 1835c2f97e..a99cb455dc 100644 --- a/1ki/10/26.md +++ b/1ki/10/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 1,400 chariots and twelve thousand horsemen "one thousand four hundred chariots and 12,000 horsemen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/27.md b/1ki/10/27.md index 2b1d802863..c012279e40 100644 --- a/1ki/10/27.md +++ b/1ki/10/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The king had silver in Jerusalem, as much as the stones on the ground The narrator uses exaggeration to emphasize the great amount of silver that was in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "The king had so much silver in Jerusalem, it was like there was as much silver as there was stones on the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/28.md b/1ki/10/28.md index d1317a064c..e4b88f34e2 100644 --- a/1ki/10/28.md +++ b/1ki/10/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that his merchants ha # Kue This is the name of a region. Some think that Kue was the same as Cilicia, in Asia Minor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/29.md b/1ki/10/29.md index 8505d43026..f62bc8c817 100644 --- a/1ki/10/29.md +++ b/1ki/10/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: "ab # Many of these were then sold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "His merchants then sold many of these" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/10/intro.md b/1ki/10/intro.md index 5c6e157833..cb26cde535 100644 --- a/1ki/10/intro.md +++ b/1ki/10/intro.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ # 1 Kings 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting There are two parts to this chapter: The fame of Solomon's wisdom and the wealth of his kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + ==Queen of Sheba == King Solomon became so famous for his wisdom that the queen of Sheba (modern day Yemen) came all the way to see him and was deeply impressed. God promised him great wealth and he became famously rich. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) @@ -13,4 +14,3 @@ King Solomon became so famous for his wisdom that the queen of Sheba (modern day * __[1 Kings 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/11/01.md b/1ki/11/01.md index 1eda4f5321..b1d290b358 100644 --- a/1ki/11/01.md +++ b/1ki/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Now" is used here to mark a stop in the main story. The narrator start # Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/02.md b/1ki/11/02.md index d0d6409c0e..c66ea337b7 100644 --- a/1ki/11/02.md +++ b/1ki/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turn your heart to their gods To "turn someone's heart" is to convince that person to change his affection. Alternate translation: "persuade you to worship the gods that they worship" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/03.md b/1ki/11/03.md index 070cdc2968..29603d64c0 100644 --- a/1ki/11/03.md +++ b/1ki/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # turned his heart away To "turn someone's heart" is to convince that person to change his affection. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 11:1](../11/01.md). Alternate translation: "turned his heart away from Yahweh" or "persuaded him to stop worshiping Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/04.md b/1ki/11/04.md index b415192c92..fd9c35567d 100644 --- a/1ki/11/04.md +++ b/1ki/11/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his heart was not fully surrendered ... as was the heart of David To "surrender" your heart refers to giving total allegiance and affection. Alternate translation: "he was not fully devoted ... as was David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/05.md b/1ki/11/05.md index 2a021de789..39cda1b850 100644 --- a/1ki/11/05.md +++ b/1ki/11/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # he followed Molech Some version render this as "Milcom." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/06.md b/1ki/11/06.md index 83da7e8b8f..4730a8b0e9 100644 --- a/1ki/11/06.md +++ b/1ki/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The phrase, "in the sight of" refers to someone's opinion. Alternate translation: "what Yahweh considered to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/07.md b/1ki/11/07.md index 2a9ee843ab..85549a9b72 100644 --- a/1ki/11/07.md +++ b/1ki/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Chemosh ... Molech These are the names of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/08.md b/1ki/11/08.md index 4dc1ceee43..653520270c 100644 --- a/1ki/11/08.md +++ b/1ki/11/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sacrificed to their gods at them Here the words "at them" refer to the shrines that Solomon built. - diff --git a/1ki/11/09.md b/1ki/11/09.md index 56a1ffe906..147c0dc8ad 100644 --- a/1ki/11/09.md +++ b/1ki/11/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "his heart had turned" refer to his having changed allegiance and affe # he had appeared to him twice "Yahweh had appeared to Solomon twice" - diff --git a/1ki/11/10.md b/1ki/11/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/11/10.md +++ b/1ki/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/11/11.md b/1ki/11/11.md index c5084d1b3b..3a31fc59ec 100644 --- a/1ki/11/11.md +++ b/1ki/11/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tear the kingdom from you To "tear from" is to forcefully remove. This is like a person tears apart a piece of cloth. Alternate translation: "forcefully take the kingdom from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/12.md b/1ki/11/12.md index 5150fad5d1..266943ce91 100644 --- a/1ki/11/12.md +++ b/1ki/11/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hand of your son The word "hand" refers to control, authority and power. Alternate translation: "your son's control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/13.md b/1ki/11/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/11/13.md +++ b/1ki/11/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/11/14.md b/1ki/11/14.md index bf0fb1a5a3..529ba7cd68 100644 --- a/1ki/11/14.md +++ b/1ki/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hadad This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/15.md b/1ki/11/15.md index 912026d36f..7e47b50fba 100644 --- a/1ki/11/15.md +++ b/1ki/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This begins three verses of background material that happened long before. - diff --git a/1ki/11/16.md b/1ki/11/16.md index 62af653420..922973d6aa 100644 --- a/1ki/11/16.md +++ b/1ki/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues background material that happened long before. # Joab and all Israel The words "all Israel" refer to the army of Israel. Alternate translation: "Joab and all of the Israelite army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/17.md b/1ki/11/17.md index 10e698e3fe..6733fb6c37 100644 --- a/1ki/11/17.md +++ b/1ki/11/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This concludes background material that happened long before. - diff --git a/1ki/11/18.md b/1ki/11/18.md index 9909e1d6d3..c1b7a9f534 100644 --- a/1ki/11/18.md +++ b/1ki/11/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "They" refers to Hadad and the other Edomites mentioned in [1 King # Midian ... Paran ... Egypt These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/19.md b/1ki/11/19.md index 5c9bfeb7dd..2321fd2e64 100644 --- a/1ki/11/19.md +++ b/1ki/11/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tahpenes This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/20.md b/1ki/11/20.md index 42401cb13f..a7e5794805 100644 --- a/1ki/11/20.md +++ b/1ki/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hadad ... Genubath These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/21.md b/1ki/11/21.md index 7535e181f0..b2c741a7f7 100644 --- a/1ki/11/21.md +++ b/1ki/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David had lain down with his ancestors This is a polite way of saying David was dead. Alternate translation: "David had died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/22.md b/1ki/11/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/11/22.md +++ b/1ki/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/11/23.md b/1ki/11/23.md index b6435e28a2..bef6a6521a 100644 --- a/1ki/11/23.md +++ b/1ki/11/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Zobah This is the name of a location. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/24.md b/1ki/11/24.md index 79045d4eb1..c1c037af19 100644 --- a/1ki/11/24.md +++ b/1ki/11/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of locations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # when David killed Here "David" refers to David and his army. Alternate translation: "when David's army killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/25.md b/1ki/11/25.md index d370a694af..470995aa56 100644 --- a/1ki/11/25.md +++ b/1ki/11/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a location. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Rezon abhorred Israel "Rezon hated Israel very much" - diff --git a/1ki/11/26.md b/1ki/11/26.md index a16726abd0..3c0f7c7360 100644 --- a/1ki/11/26.md +++ b/1ki/11/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # lifted up his hand against the king The word "hand" refers to authority, power and control. The phrase "lifted up against" refers to having opposed someone by using authority, power and control. This is a metonym used as a common idiom. Alternate translation: "rebelled against the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/27.md b/1ki/11/27.md index 9f91801261..df4e8c870a 100644 --- a/1ki/11/27.md +++ b/1ki/11/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Solomon had built up the place located at Millo Translate "Millo" as in [1 Kings 9:15](../09/15.md). - diff --git a/1ki/11/28.md b/1ki/11/28.md index bc6f132fd7..8b6d4b5d6a 100644 --- a/1ki/11/28.md +++ b/1ki/11/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "labor" refers to the work that Solomon commanded the people to do for # the house of Joseph This refers to the descendants of Joseph who were the people groups of Ephraim and Manasseh. This is a metonym. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/29.md b/1ki/11/29.md index 01cf6b3b89..bb6a189a3f 100644 --- a/1ki/11/29.md +++ b/1ki/11/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Shilonite The Shilonites are a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/30.md b/1ki/11/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/11/30.md +++ b/1ki/11/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/11/31.md b/1ki/11/31.md index 440eca0fff..515f58b518 100644 --- a/1ki/11/31.md +++ b/1ki/11/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "tear ... out" is a metaphor that refers to the action of forcefully removi # the hand of Solomon Here "hand" is a metonym that refers to a person's authority, control and power. Alternate translation: "Solomon's control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/32.md b/1ki/11/32.md index 2043fec625..d0dabd7376 100644 --- a/1ki/11/32.md +++ b/1ki/11/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Solomon will have The name "Solomon" here is a metonym referring to his descendants. Alternate translation: "Solomon's sons will have" or "Solomon's descendants will have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/33.md b/1ki/11/33.md index c0ed1212ad..73190b8df4 100644 --- a/1ki/11/33.md +++ b/1ki/11/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of locations and the people groups that live there. (See: [[ # what is right in my eyes "Eyes" here is a metonym for someone's opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. Alternate translation: "what I consider to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/34.md b/1ki/11/34.md index 777441fffc..23671762f6 100644 --- a/1ki/11/34.md +++ b/1ki/11/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "I" refers to Yahweh. # out of Solomon's hand Here the word "hand" is a metonym that refers to a person's authority, control and power. Alternate translation: "out of Solomon's control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/35.md b/1ki/11/35.md index 37d06d5e1e..2e0a587ee7 100644 --- a/1ki/11/35.md +++ b/1ki/11/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will give it to you Here the word "you" refers to Jeroboam. - diff --git a/1ki/11/36.md b/1ki/11/36.md index c4ec4b8702..fd4d66c2ce 100644 --- a/1ki/11/36.md +++ b/1ki/11/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # may always have a lamp before me The word "lamp" is a metonym that refers to a person's influence and guidance. Alternate translation: "will always have a descendant to rule as an influence and a guide for obeying my covenant with David's family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/37.md b/1ki/11/37.md index c3b03c6847..19ab6a1525 100644 --- a/1ki/11/37.md +++ b/1ki/11/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ahijah continues to tell Jeroboam what Yahweh has said. # I will take you Here the word "I" refers to Yahweh and the word "you" refers to Jeroboam. - diff --git a/1ki/11/38.md b/1ki/11/38.md index e57160a4d0..dba4fdf297 100644 --- a/1ki/11/38.md +++ b/1ki/11/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "eyes" here is a metonym for someone's opinion or idea. This is a commo # build you a sure house The clause "build a house" is a metaphor for establishing descendants from that time on. Alternate translation: "establish for you a lasting kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/39.md b/1ki/11/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/11/39.md +++ b/1ki/11/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/11/40.md b/1ki/11/40.md index 3bc4a88081..b121accdba 100644 --- a/1ki/11/40.md +++ b/1ki/11/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shishak This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/41.md b/1ki/11/41.md index bd3d476548..d28586b74b 100644 --- a/1ki/11/41.md +++ b/1ki/11/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. Th # the book of the events of Solomon This book no longer exists. - diff --git a/1ki/11/42.md b/1ki/11/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/11/42.md +++ b/1ki/11/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/11/43.md b/1ki/11/43.md index 568abd0787..bd21188107 100644 --- a/1ki/11/43.md +++ b/1ki/11/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "He died and # he was buried This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "people buried him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/11/intro.md b/1ki/11/intro.md index d7df1dc850..4ed333008a 100644 --- a/1ki/11/intro.md +++ b/1ki/11/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # 1 Kings 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the end of the story of Solomon. (Chapters 1-11) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Intermarriage with Gentiles -#### Intermarriage with Gentiles God had told the people of Israel in Moses's law never to marry women from the Gentile nations. But Solomon married many women from Gentile countries. This was because their religious beliefs would negatively affect Israel. Solomon, the wisest man, became a fool and his wives persuaded him to worship foolish idols. God became angry and warned he would take away 10 tribes from the kingdom of his son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) + ## Links: * __[1 Kings 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/12/01.md b/1ki/12/01.md index da99b06237..7af32f28a3 100644 --- a/1ki/12/01.md +++ b/1ki/12/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all Israel was coming Here "Israel" represents all the men of Israel capable of fighting. Here "all Israel" is a generalization which means almost all the men of Israel. Alternate translation: "all the men of Israel were coming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/02.md b/1ki/12/02.md index 1b3362c7e9..96bcc81dcb 100644 --- a/1ki/12/02.md +++ b/1ki/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a # Jeroboam ... Nebat These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/03.md b/1ki/12/03.md index f5eb3dfc6b..3383f4c79e 100644 --- a/1ki/12/03.md +++ b/1ki/12/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # called him Here the word "him" refers to Jeroboam. - diff --git a/1ki/12/04.md b/1ki/12/04.md index 76da8b2421..c2fe26971d 100644 --- a/1ki/12/04.md +++ b/1ki/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # made our yoke heavy A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and requirements. Alternate translation: "treated us cruelly" or "forced us to work very hard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/05.md b/1ki/12/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/12/05.md +++ b/1ki/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/12/06.md b/1ki/12/06.md index b0b4172296..154aeeb4a3 100644 --- a/1ki/12/06.md +++ b/1ki/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the old men who had stood before Solomon To "stand before" is an idiom for serving the king in his presence. Alternate translation: "the old men who counseled Solomon" or "the old men who attended to Solomon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/07.md b/1ki/12/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/12/07.md +++ b/1ki/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/12/08.md b/1ki/12/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/12/08.md +++ b/1ki/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/12/09.md b/1ki/12/09.md index 5eff9c8f7c..03e5e7118d 100644 --- a/1ki/12/09.md +++ b/1ki/12/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lighten the yoke that your father put on us To "lighten the yoke" is a metaphor to represent lifting of the burden. Alternate translation: "Do not treat us as cruelly as your father did" or "Do not force us to work as hard as your father did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/10.md b/1ki/12/10.md index d496703aa6..62f75ba55d 100644 --- a/1ki/12/10.md +++ b/1ki/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My little finger is thicker than my father's waist This metaphor means that Rehoboam is more cruel and intimidating than his father. Alternate translation: "What I will do to make your burden heavier is much more than what my father put on you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/11.md b/1ki/12/11.md index 865bafde52..ab1582e785 100644 --- a/1ki/12/11.md +++ b/1ki/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor means that the punishment Rehoboam plans to give will be worse tha # punish you with scorpions The word "scorpions" may refer to 1) a whip with sharp metal barbs on the end or 2) a spider-like creature that has a poisonous sting. - diff --git a/1ki/12/12.md b/1ki/12/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/12/12.md +++ b/1ki/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/12/13.md b/1ki/12/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/12/13.md +++ b/1ki/12/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/12/14.md b/1ki/12/14.md index e10ffc1248..74bbc6f476 100644 --- a/1ki/12/14.md +++ b/1ki/12/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and requirements. See how yo # My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions This metaphor means that the punishment Rehoboam plans to give will be worse than what his father gave. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 12:11](../12/11.md). Alternate translation: "My father used whips to force you to work but I will use even crueler punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/15.md b/1ki/12/15.md index 950d12336c..35db3da7cb 100644 --- a/1ki/12/15.md +++ b/1ki/12/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Shilonite This is the name of a people group from the town of Shiloh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/16.md b/1ki/12/16.md index 95fb418e0c..530a47bbfa 100644 --- a/1ki/12/16.md +++ b/1ki/12/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Israel" represents all the men of Israel capable of fighting. "All Israel" # Now see to your own house, David "House" here is a metonym for David's lineage of power and prestige. Alternate translation: "Now take care of your own kingdom, descendant of David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/17.md b/1ki/12/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/12/17.md +++ b/1ki/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/12/18.md b/1ki/12/18.md index 7b7c35579a..0735b560d6 100644 --- a/1ki/12/18.md +++ b/1ki/12/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # all Israel Here "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. "All Israel" is a generalization which means almost all the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "all the people of Israel who were there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/19.md b/1ki/12/19.md index e70d521af2..9bcd7e46c8 100644 --- a/1ki/12/19.md +++ b/1ki/12/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "house" is a metonym that represents family or descendants. Alternate trans # to this day "ever since that time." This refers to the time that the writer was actually writing this. - diff --git a/1ki/12/20.md b/1ki/12/20.md index 54ab7abba9..73c9aa55fb 100644 --- a/1ki/12/20.md +++ b/1ki/12/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that the tribe of Judah was the only tribe that # the family of David "David's descendants" - diff --git a/1ki/12/21.md b/1ki/12/21.md index 6ecf397b61..cbfe0b5429 100644 --- a/1ki/12/21.md +++ b/1ki/12/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. And, here "tri # the house of Israel Here "house" represents the kingdom made up of the 10 northern tribes of Israel. Alternate translation: "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of the northern tribes of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/22.md b/1ki/12/22.md index e2f6cf0abd..bc2366f663 100644 --- a/1ki/12/22.md +++ b/1ki/12/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the man of God The expression "man of God" is a respectful way of referring to a prophet of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the man who belongs to God" or "the prophet of God" - diff --git a/1ki/12/23.md b/1ki/12/23.md index 4c9d8c6765..16f413fa63 100644 --- a/1ki/12/23.md +++ b/1ki/12/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the house of Judah and Benjamin Here "house" is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. Alternate translation: "all the people from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/24.md b/1ki/12/24.md index 0d6957b481..ce783befb3 100644 --- a/1ki/12/24.md +++ b/1ki/12/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "brothers" and "people of Israel" are a doublet that refer to the men # for this thing has been made to happen by me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because I have made this thing happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/25.md b/1ki/12/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/12/25.md +++ b/1ki/12/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/12/26.md b/1ki/12/26.md index 4c50c969e2..3dc4bcc868 100644 --- a/1ki/12/26.md +++ b/1ki/12/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the house of David Here "house" is a metonym representing family or descendants. Alternate translation: "the kings descended from David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/27.md b/1ki/12/27.md index b7199a924f..7ebb0bf73b 100644 --- a/1ki/12/27.md +++ b/1ki/12/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "these people" refer to the people of the northern ten tribes of Israe # turn again to their master, to Rehoboam king of Judah ... return to Rehoboam king of Judah These phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize Jeroboam's fear that the people would turn again to Rehoboam as king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/28.md b/1ki/12/28.md index a213a9f831..94839dabfe 100644 --- a/1ki/12/28.md +++ b/1ki/12/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brought you up "You" here is a metonym for the ancestors of the people. Alternate translation: "brought your ancestors up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/29.md b/1ki/12/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/12/29.md +++ b/1ki/12/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/12/30.md b/1ki/12/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/12/30.md +++ b/1ki/12/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/12/31.md b/1ki/12/31.md index cbe3e9c7fa..1113679420 100644 --- a/1ki/12/31.md +++ b/1ki/12/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implied information is that these were houses of worship. The full meaning o # made priests "appointed men to be priests" - diff --git a/1ki/12/32.md b/1ki/12/32.md index 6de6f31881..df71660b2e 100644 --- a/1ki/12/32.md +++ b/1ki/12/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the b # went up to the altar "Went up" here is an idiom for going to a sacred place to worship since these altars were located on high places. Alternate translation: "offered sacrifices on the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/12/33.md b/1ki/12/33.md index 227495abe7..6ee2771783 100644 --- a/1ki/12/33.md +++ b/1ki/12/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the month he had planned in his own mind "in the month that he had determined" - diff --git a/1ki/12/intro.md b/1ki/12/intro.md index 3bcc130cce..09f2e44d98 100644 --- a/1ki/12/intro.md +++ b/1ki/12/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,25 @@ # 1 Kings 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +### Civil war -#### Civil war This chapter explains how the united kingdom of Israel was split into the two kingdoms: Israel and Judah. This is sometimes called a "civil war." -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel splits + +God's warning to Solomon came true. In spite of his famous wealth, Solomon had over-taxed his own people and forced them to work for free. When the people requested that King Rehoboam reduce taxes and forced labor, he said that he would be harsher than his father. This caused the 10 northern tribes to revolt and appoint Jeroboam as their king. These northern tribes are now called the kingdom of Israel. Only Judah and Benjamin stayed with Rehoboam. They are called Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]]) + +### Jeroboam introduces calf worship -#### Israel splits -God's warning to Solomon came true. In spite of his famous wealth, Solomon had over-taxed his own people and forced them to work for free. When the people requested that King Rehoboam reduce taxes and forced labor, he said that he would be harsher than his father. This caused the 10 northern tribes to revolt and appoint Jeroboam as their king. These northern tribes are now called the kingdom of Israel. Only Judah and Benjamin stayed with Rehoboam. They are called Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]]) - -#### Jeroboam introduces calf worship Jeroboam made a terrible mistake. He was afraid that if the people continued to go to Jerusalem to worship in the temple, they would want to return to Rehoboam as their king. So he made two shrines with calves made of gold for the people to worship. This eventually caused the destruction of his whole family. The kingdom of Israel continued worshiping the idols until they were taken slaves by the Assyrians. The northern tribes were unable to truly worship Yahweh without going to Jerusalem in the kingdom of Judah. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor The people used the metaphor of "yoke" for oppressive government: "Your father made our yoke difficult. Now then, make your father's hard work easier, and lighten the heavy yoke that he put on us." But Rehoboam promised to increase their oppression with three metaphors: "My little finger is thicker than my father's waist. So now, although my father burdened you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke. My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) ## Links: @@ -23,4 +27,3 @@ The people used the metaphor of "yoke" for oppressive government: "Your father * __[1 Kings 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/13/01.md b/1ki/13/01.md index d3cc2f1eaa..605223f6d3 100644 --- a/1ki/13/01.md +++ b/1ki/13/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is another title for a prophet. Alternate translation: "A prophet" # the word of Yahweh "the message of Yahweh" or "Yahweh's message" - diff --git a/1ki/13/02.md b/1ki/13/02.md index eac38d25aa..0edbbf804e 100644 --- a/1ki/13/02.md +++ b/1ki/13/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the "family of David" refers to the descendants of David. This can be state # they will burn Here "they" refers to Josiah and the people with him. - diff --git a/1ki/13/03.md b/1ki/13/03.md index 28e1ad01a9..8aa6638290 100644 --- a/1ki/13/03.md +++ b/1ki/13/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the altar will be split apart, and the ashes on it will be poured out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will split the altar apart and the ashes on it will fall to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/13/04.md b/1ki/13/04.md index b67e2ab065..996ec6d2d1 100644 --- a/1ki/13/04.md +++ b/1ki/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh dried up the h # dried up "withered" or "became paralyzed" - diff --git a/1ki/13/05.md b/1ki/13/05.md index bf0cced349..bd17f4b168 100644 --- a/1ki/13/05.md +++ b/1ki/13/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as the man of God had # the word of Yahweh "the message of Yahweh" or "Yahweh's message" - diff --git a/1ki/13/06.md b/1ki/13/06.md index 4a44714728..32d5f09f1b 100644 --- a/1ki/13/06.md +++ b/1ki/13/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh may restore my # the king's hand was restored to him again, and it became as it was before This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh restored the king's hand and made it as it was before" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/13/07.md b/1ki/13/07.md index ff4f3f3fac..b95140eafd 100644 --- a/1ki/13/07.md +++ b/1ki/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Come home with me and refresh yourself The word "yourself" is a reflexive pronoun. Alternate translation: "Come home with me and eat some food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/1ki/13/08.md b/1ki/13/08.md index 3f3669592a..0d37966d14 100644 --- a/1ki/13/08.md +++ b/1ki/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # half your possessions "half of your house" - diff --git a/1ki/13/09.md b/1ki/13/09.md index 7bfe3fca8a..c29c9aa043 100644 --- a/1ki/13/09.md +++ b/1ki/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will eat no bread nor drink water, nor return by the way that you came "Do not eat bread, drink water, or return by the way that you came" - diff --git a/1ki/13/10.md b/1ki/13/10.md index 1b3819230b..bcbe2982c8 100644 --- a/1ki/13/10.md +++ b/1ki/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # left another way "went a different way" - diff --git a/1ki/13/11.md b/1ki/13/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/13/11.md +++ b/1ki/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/13/12.md b/1ki/13/12.md index 73f29cc362..8eb2c737ed 100644 --- a/1ki/13/12.md +++ b/1ki/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his sons had seen the way The implied information is that the sons also told their father which way the man of God went. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/13/13.md b/1ki/13/13.md index 404432ed34..edf6ffdc4a 100644 --- a/1ki/13/13.md +++ b/1ki/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Saddle This means to place a seat on the back of an animal so a person can ride on it. - diff --git a/1ki/13/14.md b/1ki/13/14.md index 3f34e596b9..ea891fb46a 100644 --- a/1ki/13/14.md +++ b/1ki/13/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the prophet who lived in Bethel. # He answered "The man of God answered" - diff --git a/1ki/13/15.md b/1ki/13/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/13/15.md +++ b/1ki/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/13/16.md b/1ki/13/16.md index 4e879b872f..bc27736a87 100644 --- a/1ki/13/16.md +++ b/1ki/13/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in this place "in Bethel" - diff --git a/1ki/13/17.md b/1ki/13/17.md index d5502dc932..7b8389b55d 100644 --- a/1ki/13/17.md +++ b/1ki/13/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh commanded me b # the word of Yahweh "the message of Yahweh" or "Yahweh's message" - diff --git a/1ki/13/18.md b/1ki/13/18.md index 58204d9027..67b335730b 100644 --- a/1ki/13/18.md +++ b/1ki/13/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # by the word of Yahweh "the message of Yahweh" or "Yahweh's message" - diff --git a/1ki/13/19.md b/1ki/13/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/13/19.md +++ b/1ki/13/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/13/20.md b/1ki/13/20.md index 300b35437e..031b7212f1 100644 --- a/1ki/13/20.md +++ b/1ki/13/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message fr # brought him back Here the word "him" refers to the man of God. - diff --git a/1ki/13/21.md b/1ki/13/21.md index 980d83eb54..cd2288e03b 100644 --- a/1ki/13/21.md +++ b/1ki/13/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" in the previous verse is used to introduc # Because you have been disobedient to the word of Yahweh "Because you have not obeyed the word of Yahweh" - diff --git a/1ki/13/22.md b/1ki/13/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/13/22.md +++ b/1ki/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/13/23.md b/1ki/13/23.md index be14dc53ef..c4dac07d9e 100644 --- a/1ki/13/23.md +++ b/1ki/13/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the prophet saddled the donkey This means he placed a seat on the back of the donkey so the man of God could ride on it. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 13:13](../13/13.md). - diff --git a/1ki/13/24.md b/1ki/13/24.md index f87f4cb8e9..83e84aca6b 100644 --- a/1ki/13/24.md +++ b/1ki/13/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "left his body on the # his body "his dead body" - diff --git a/1ki/13/25.md b/1ki/13/25.md index 12c68223db..f5d88ae694 100644 --- a/1ki/13/25.md +++ b/1ki/13/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they came and told it Here "it" refers to what they had seen on the road. Alternate translation: "they came and told about what they had seen" - diff --git a/1ki/13/26.md b/1ki/13/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/13/26.md +++ b/1ki/13/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/13/27.md b/1ki/13/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/13/27.md +++ b/1ki/13/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/13/28.md b/1ki/13/28.md index a8ba771a43..3c9685ba5c 100644 --- a/1ki/13/28.md +++ b/1ki/13/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # left in the road "lying in the road" - diff --git a/1ki/13/29.md b/1ki/13/29.md index bc4d1aa0f7..c310470168 100644 --- a/1ki/13/29.md +++ b/1ki/13/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the body "the dead body" - diff --git a/1ki/13/30.md b/1ki/13/30.md index ce8a272d1c..f9278ea1b3 100644 --- a/1ki/13/30.md +++ b/1ki/13/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to the prophet and his sons. # Woe, my brother! The word "Woe" here is an expression of great sorrow. - diff --git a/1ki/13/31.md b/1ki/13/31.md index b576c1d6d0..a430b12363 100644 --- a/1ki/13/31.md +++ b/1ki/13/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "he" refers to the old prophet and the word "him" refers to the ma # Lay my bones beside his bones Here "my bones" represents his entire body. Alternate translation: "Lay my dead body beside his bones" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/13/32.md b/1ki/13/32.md index 74ea8488ac..af87c670cf 100644 --- a/1ki/13/32.md +++ b/1ki/13/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # houses on the high places The implied information is that these were houses of worship. Alternate translation: "houses of worship on the high places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/13/33.md b/1ki/13/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/13/33.md +++ b/1ki/13/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/13/34.md b/1ki/13/34.md index 92ae354422..4bdbe1daf2 100644 --- a/1ki/13/34.md +++ b/1ki/13/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because of this God d # to be destroyed and to be exterminated These mean nearly the same thing. Alternate translation: "to be completely destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/13/intro.md b/1ki/13/intro.md index 8d0975de9e..a67d723967 100644 --- a/1ki/13/intro.md +++ b/1ki/13/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Kings 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter has two parts: The young prophet's warning to Jeroboam (1-10) and the old prophet's deception (11-34). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Obeying God -#### Obeying God People should do what God tells them to do and not what other people tell them is God's will for them. The story of the young prophet and the old prophet is an example of this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/willofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ People should do what God tells them to do and not what other people tell them i * __[1 Kings 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/14/01.md b/1ki/14/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/14/01.md +++ b/1ki/14/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/14/02.md b/1ki/14/02.md index 451e91e0ec..62dd2efe6c 100644 --- a/1ki/14/02.md +++ b/1ki/14/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will not be recognized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will recognize you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/03.md b/1ki/14/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/14/03.md +++ b/1ki/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/14/04.md b/1ki/14/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/14/04.md +++ b/1ki/14/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/14/05.md b/1ki/14/05.md index 08f93e1a31..63d19ddac4 100644 --- a/1ki/14/05.md +++ b/1ki/14/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "advice" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: " # Say such and such to her The words "such and such" mean that Yahweh told Ahijah what to say. Alternate translation: "Speak in this way to her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/06.md b/1ki/14/06.md index eff102b459..540f1ea352 100644 --- a/1ki/14/06.md +++ b/1ki/14/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh told me to giv # severe news "very bad news" - diff --git a/1ki/14/07.md b/1ki/14/07.md index 20e84e9fd9..7d8f7287a3 100644 --- a/1ki/14/07.md +++ b/1ki/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I raised you "I exalted you" - diff --git a/1ki/14/08.md b/1ki/14/08.md index 537767ed32..4b08f13210 100644 --- a/1ki/14/08.md +++ b/1ki/14/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate translation: "w # what was right in my eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "what I judged to be right" or "what I considered to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/09.md b/1ki/14/09.md index 35d6df1cc8..7fc3488804 100644 --- a/1ki/14/09.md +++ b/1ki/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thrust me behind your back Jeroboam has disrespected Yahweh like a person throws away something that is not wanted. Alternate translation: "completely rejected me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/10.md b/1ki/14/10.md index 1169a025e5..fb7a18a1a2 100644 --- a/1ki/14/10.md +++ b/1ki/14/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of destroying Jeroboam's family and preventing him from having any # will completely remove the house of Jeroboam like someone who burns up dung until it is gone This simile compares the removal of every descendant of Jeroboam with the complete burning up of dung that was mixed with straw, dried, and burned for fuel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/11.md b/1ki/14/11.md index 9ffe2baae0..bc44531bf4 100644 --- a/1ki/14/11.md +++ b/1ki/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Dogs will eat anyone # anyone who dies in the field will be eaten by the birds of the heavens This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the birds of the heavens will eat anyone who dies in the field" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/12.md b/1ki/14/12.md index 88c28f6b07..6d7a2c6ee4 100644 --- a/1ki/14/12.md +++ b/1ki/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when your feet enter the city The word "feet" here is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "when you enter the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/13.md b/1ki/14/13.md index 8580c11f1b..6779d839ed 100644 --- a/1ki/14/13.md +++ b/1ki/14/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" here is a metonym for "family." Alternate translation: "in all # was anything good found in the sight of Yahweh, the God of Israel The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "did Yahweh, the God of Israel, find anything he judged to be good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/14.md b/1ki/14/14.md index 739de7ced9..d43d3d0ad3 100644 --- a/1ki/14/14.md +++ b/1ki/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cut off the family of Jeroboam The writer speaks of the new king of Israel destroying Jeroboam's family and preventing him from having any descendants like one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: "destroy the descendants of Jeroboam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/15.md b/1ki/14/15.md index 0794ece329..63c77a112d 100644 --- a/1ki/14/15.md +++ b/1ki/14/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh compares Israel with a plant that he will tear out of the ground by its r # scatter them "disperse them" - diff --git a/1ki/14/16.md b/1ki/14/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/14/16.md +++ b/1ki/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/14/17.md b/1ki/14/17.md index f21f9beef7..10168a5ee2 100644 --- a/1ki/14/17.md +++ b/1ki/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tirzah This is the name of the city where king Jeroboam lived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/18.md b/1ki/14/18.md index d7dd75a823..76052c2da9 100644 --- a/1ki/14/18.md +++ b/1ki/14/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "just as Yahweh told t # by the word of Yahweh "by the message of Yahweh" or "in Yahweh's message" - diff --git a/1ki/14/19.md b/1ki/14/19.md index e996b3c361..cbc9ff12b3 100644 --- a/1ki/14/19.md +++ b/1ki/14/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you can find them wri # the book of the events of the kings of Israel This refers to a book that no longer exists. - diff --git a/1ki/14/20.md b/1ki/14/20.md index f7c7f756bc..4c9b3de199 100644 --- a/1ki/14/20.md +++ b/1ki/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # lay down with his ancestors This is a polite way of saying that he died. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: "died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/21.md b/1ki/14/21.md index f882060e00..fe8749b2b9 100644 --- a/1ki/14/21.md +++ b/1ki/14/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "His" refers to Rehoboam. # Naamah This is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/22.md b/1ki/14/22.md index f543067ae0..c0909331e9 100644 --- a/1ki/14/22.md +++ b/1ki/14/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "jealousy" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate transl # their fathers "their ancestors" - diff --git a/1ki/14/23.md b/1ki/14/23.md index bef57accb7..b60b563922 100644 --- a/1ki/14/23.md +++ b/1ki/14/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "for themselves" are a metonym for what they will do with the high pla # on every high hill and under every green tree This is likely to be an exaggeration that indicates there were many places like these for false worship all over the country. Alternate translation: "on the high hills and under the green trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/24.md b/1ki/14/24.md index bf7814e07e..ca47fd67ec 100644 --- a/1ki/14/24.md +++ b/1ki/14/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the same disgusting practices as the nations that Here the word "nations" represents the people in those nations. Alternate translation: "the same disgusting things that the people did whom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/25.md b/1ki/14/25.md index 62b7bfd23b..bd9c4706e7 100644 --- a/1ki/14/25.md +++ b/1ki/14/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:40](../11/ # came up against This is an idiom that means marched against or attacked. Alternate translation: "came to attack" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/26.md b/1ki/14/26.md index f240d8ad03..eb13981789 100644 --- a/1ki/14/26.md +++ b/1ki/14/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "He" represents Shishak and the soldiers who were with him. Alternate t # that Solomon had made Here "Solomon" refers to the craftsmen who worked for Solomon to make the shields. Alternate translation: "that Solomon had his workers make" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/27.md b/1ki/14/27.md index 5549d835bd..b69483cd4e 100644 --- a/1ki/14/27.md +++ b/1ki/14/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hands" represents care or responsibility. Alternate translation: "made the # who guarded the doors to the king's house Here "doors" represents the entrance. Alternate translation: "who guarded the entrance to the king's house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/28.md b/1ki/14/28.md index 075a4f68da..270d452db8 100644 --- a/1ki/14/28.md +++ b/1ki/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the guards would carry them "the guards would carry the shields of bronze" - diff --git a/1ki/14/29.md b/1ki/14/29.md index dd1db09110..60a1ff1c2e 100644 --- a/1ki/14/29.md +++ b/1ki/14/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. Th # the book of the events of the kings of Judah This refers to a book that no longer exists. - diff --git a/1ki/14/30.md b/1ki/14/30.md index a347c39e86..aaac60b27d 100644 --- a/1ki/14/30.md +++ b/1ki/14/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # warfare between Rehoboam and Jeroboam The names of the kings represent themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: "the armies of Rehoboam and Jeroboam fought in battle again and again" or "Rehoboam and his people and Jeroboam and his people engaged in battle continually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/31.md b/1ki/14/31.md index 0386da7dee..d5a4f14681 100644 --- a/1ki/14/31.md +++ b/1ki/14/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:21](../1 # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Rehoboam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/14/intro.md b/1ki/14/intro.md index 2704dd295c..c6f56eb429 100644 --- a/1ki/14/intro.md +++ b/1ki/14/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # 1 Kings 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter has two stories. One is the death of Jeroboam's son (1-18). The other is the reign of Rehoboam (20-31) . +This chapter has two stories. One is the death of Jeroboam's son (1-18). The other is the reign of Rehoboam (20-31) . -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The death of Jeroboam's son -#### The death of Jeroboam's son God knows the truth; it is useless to try to fool God's prophet. Jeroboam's son became sick; so the king sent his wife, disguised as a common woman, to the prophet. The prophet was blind, but when Jeroboam's wife arrived he told her, "Come in, wife of Jeroboam." He also told her that her son would die and that all of Jeroboam's family would be killed, because he had caused Israel to worship the golden calves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/true]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Rehoboam's reign +### Rehoboam's reign + When Solomon obeyed God, God made him very rich. When the people of Judah began to worship the fertility goddess, Ashtoreth, and to do many evil things, they had to give all of their wealth to the king of Egypt to persuade him not to attack Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ When Solomon obeyed God, God made him very rich. When the people of Judah began * __[1 Kings 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/15/01.md b/1ki/15/01.md index 82f4768d34..4552c62a15 100644 --- a/1ki/15/01.md +++ b/1ki/15/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the eighteenth year of Jeroboam's reign. Alternate translation: " # In the eighteenth year "In year 18" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/02.md b/1ki/15/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/15/02.md +++ b/1ki/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/15/03.md b/1ki/15/03.md index 356fa8d394..f6c60489d7 100644 --- a/1ki/15/03.md +++ b/1ki/15/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase represents the time that he was king. The meaning of this can be mad # his heart was not devoted ... as the heart of David The heart represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "Abijah was not devoted ... as David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/04.md b/1ki/15/04.md index 7f6abb92d7..324682db99 100644 --- a/1ki/15/04.md +++ b/1ki/15/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "lamp" here represents a descendant who would be king as David was. Alt # by raising up his son after him "by raising up Abijah's son after him" or "by giving Abijah a son" - diff --git a/1ki/15/05.md b/1ki/15/05.md index 4b336a31cd..7aee63e27e 100644 --- a/1ki/15/05.md +++ b/1ki/15/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Turning away from a command represents disobeying it. Alternate translation: "Da # except only in the matter of Uriah the Hittite This is a general way to refer to the situation with Uriah. It can be stated more clearly what this matter was. Alternate translation: "except for what he did to Uriah the Hittite" or "except when he caused Uriah the Hittite to be killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/06.md b/1ki/15/06.md index e7cda3cbe2..c70af3c171 100644 --- a/1ki/15/06.md +++ b/1ki/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These kings represent themselves and their armies. Rehoboam was Abijah's father. # all the days of Abijah's life "the whole time that Abijah lived" - diff --git a/1ki/15/07.md b/1ki/15/07.md index 1a5f5b9284..f3533d2df0 100644 --- a/1ki/15/07.md +++ b/1ki/15/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone has written abou # between Abijah and Jeroboam The names "Abijah" and "Jeroboam" represent the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: "between the armies of Abijah and Jeroboam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/08.md b/1ki/15/08.md index 2b76419cc1..13846a7603 100644 --- a/1ki/15/08.md +++ b/1ki/15/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "Abijah died # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Abijah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/09.md b/1ki/15/09.md index acc542ec59..65a7dec318 100644 --- a/1ki/15/09.md +++ b/1ki/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the twentieth year of Jeroboam's reign. Alternate translation: "A # In the twentieth year "In year 20" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/10.md b/1ki/15/10.md index 7a1e369537..2fc6723ea5 100644 --- a/1ki/15/10.md +++ b/1ki/15/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # forty-one years "41 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/11.md b/1ki/15/11.md index 3e92c5f2c9..1b5e8d44c9 100644 --- a/1ki/15/11.md +++ b/1ki/15/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh saw and approved of Asa's actions. Alternate translation: "what Yahweh judges to be right" or "what Yahweh considers to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/12.md b/1ki/15/12.md index 1d08c6680c..647ebf4948 100644 --- a/1ki/15/12.md +++ b/1ki/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the cultic prostitutes This probably refers to prostitutes who were associated with idol worship and who were all men. Alternate translation: "religious prostitutes" or "the prostitutes who worked for idols" or "male prostitutes" - diff --git a/1ki/15/13.md b/1ki/15/13.md index c068a9cce1..b20b6312ca 100644 --- a/1ki/15/13.md +++ b/1ki/15/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Asa cut down the disgusting figure Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to cut down the figure. Alternate translation: "Asa caused the disgusting figure to be cut down" or "Asa made them cut down the disgusting figure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/14.md b/1ki/15/14.md index b083c4b0e0..a9ea98013f 100644 --- a/1ki/15/14.md +++ b/1ki/15/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The heart represents the person. Alternate translation: "Asa was completely devo # all his days "the whole time that he lived" or "throughout his whole life" - diff --git a/1ki/15/15.md b/1ki/15/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/15/15.md +++ b/1ki/15/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/15/16.md b/1ki/15/16.md index 2d02d88c52..f65ee12f59 100644 --- a/1ki/15/16.md +++ b/1ki/15/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all their days This refers to the entire time they reigned as kings. Alternate translation: "the whole time that they reigned over Judah and Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/17.md b/1ki/15/17.md index 2a3dddac14..0518b57d3d 100644 --- a/1ki/15/17.md +++ b/1ki/15/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # built up Ramah It is implied that the army of Baasha first captured Ramah. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "captured and fortified Ramah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/18.md b/1ki/15/18.md index 763db7cb2a..a8e41f605d 100644 --- a/1ki/15/18.md +++ b/1ki/15/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Putting things in their hands represents giving those things to them. It is impl # He said This means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben-Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Asa told his servants to say to Ben Hadad" or "Through his servants, Asa said to Ben-Hadad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/19.md b/1ki/15/19.md index 25a5688ad1..de49ab1d63 100644 --- a/1ki/15/19.md +++ b/1ki/15/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Breaking a covenant represents canceling it and not doing what one has promised # Break your covenant with Baasha king of Israel Asa wanted Ben Hadad to attack Israel. Ben Hadad could only do that if he broke his covenant with the king of Israel. The meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Break your covenant with Baasha king of Israel, and attack Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/20.md b/1ki/15/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/15/20.md +++ b/1ki/15/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/15/21.md b/1ki/15/21.md index 278b21d923..2d7916739f 100644 --- a/1ki/15/21.md +++ b/1ki/15/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ King Baasha did this by telling his workers to do this. Alternate translation: " # Tirzah This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md). - diff --git a/1ki/15/22.md b/1ki/15/22.md index f7e499b23c..3824e8ab46 100644 --- a/1ki/15/22.md +++ b/1ki/15/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No one was exempted This can also be stated positively. Alternate translation: "Every one had to obey King Asa's proclamation" - diff --git a/1ki/15/23.md b/1ki/15/23.md index df0a608194..81cb16e419 100644 --- a/1ki/15/23.md +++ b/1ki/15/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the informatio # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/24.md b/1ki/15/24.md index e8e1d3a45a..bc4e8edef2 100644 --- a/1ki/15/24.md +++ b/1ki/15/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they buried him with # David his father The word "father" here refers to an ancestor. Alternate translation: "King David, his ancestor" - diff --git a/1ki/15/25.md b/1ki/15/25.md index 645fe669b4..23d989f8a7 100644 --- a/1ki/15/25.md +++ b/1ki/15/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the second year of Asa's reign. The meaning of this can be made c # he reigned over Israel two years "Nadab reigned over Israel two years" - diff --git a/1ki/15/26.md b/1ki/15/26.md index 8690bb971d..925caf2d65 100644 --- a/1ki/15/26.md +++ b/1ki/15/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Walking in his own sin represents sinning in ways that were different from the w # by which he led Israel to sin Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: "and by sinning, he influenced Israel to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/27.md b/1ki/15/27.md index 0deffe0122..dffb1b83d4 100644 --- a/1ki/15/27.md +++ b/1ki/15/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # were laying siege to Gibbethon "were surrounding Gibbethon, so that the people of Gibbethon would surrender to them" - diff --git a/1ki/15/28.md b/1ki/15/28.md index 66e142aee3..b17a897a9e 100644 --- a/1ki/15/28.md +++ b/1ki/15/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Nadab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/29.md b/1ki/15/29.md index 9455a13d31..1c12987b9b 100644 --- a/1ki/15/29.md +++ b/1ki/15/29.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ In [1 Kings 14:10](../14/10.md) and [1 Kings 14:11](../14/11.md) Yahweh spoke th # Ahijah the Shilonite "Ahijah, who was from Shiloh" - diff --git a/1ki/15/30.md b/1ki/15/30.md index 5b4012f078..9b03e8eec9 100644 --- a/1ki/15/30.md +++ b/1ki/15/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "sins" can be expressed with the verb "sin." Alternate transla # by which he led Israel to sin Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do something. Alternate translation: "by which he influenced Israel to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/31.md b/1ki/15/31.md index 3c59ba511d..dac26682c2 100644 --- a/1ki/15/31.md +++ b/1ki/15/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the informatio # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/32.md b/1ki/15/32.md index 8a0ad1693d..7e0c95ccab 100644 --- a/1ki/15/32.md +++ b/1ki/15/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all their days This refers to the whole period of time that they reign as kings. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:16](../15/16.md) Alternate translation: "the whole time that they reigned over Judah and Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/33.md b/1ki/15/33.md index ac8eab00bc..f5651afe71 100644 --- a/1ki/15/33.md +++ b/1ki/15/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Starting in [1 Kings 15:27](../15/27.md), the author told about how Baasha becam # Tirzah This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md). - diff --git a/1ki/15/34.md b/1ki/15/34.md index a1dfb78af4..cea2e6ff2b 100644 --- a/1ki/15/34.md +++ b/1ki/15/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are that "his" and "he" refer to 1) Baasha or 2) Jeroboam. # by which he led Israel to sin Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: "and by sinning, he influenced Israel to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/15/intro.md b/1ki/15/intro.md index d028f10094..6af929a198 100644 --- a/1ki/15/intro.md +++ b/1ki/15/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Kings 15 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter Judah had some bad kings and some good kings. All of the kings in Israel continued to worship the golden calves, so they were all considered to be bad. Judah and Israel continually fought each other. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "But the shrines were not taken away." -#### "But the shrines were not taken away." At the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiah's reign, it was decided that all sacrifices must be made only at the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ At the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiah's reign, * __[1 Kings 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/16/01.md b/1ki/16/01.md index 74f2fc9937..87a6d5ecde 100644 --- a/1ki/16/01.md +++ b/1ki/16/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came This idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke his message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/02.md b/1ki/16/02.md index 5a2baabd9b..93512c5f95 100644 --- a/1ki/16/02.md +++ b/1ki/16/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is God's message that Jehu was to give to Baasha. The word "you" refers to # you have walked in the way of Jeroboam Walking represents behaving. Jeroboam and Baasha both sinned. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "you have done the same things that Jeroboam did" or "you have sinned as Jeroboam sinned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/03.md b/1ki/16/03.md index 9d302cf3cd..093046f533 100644 --- a/1ki/16/03.md +++ b/1ki/16/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking to Baasha, and the phrase "his family" refers to Baasha's fam # I will consume Consuming represents destroying. Alternate translation: "I will completely destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/04.md b/1ki/16/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/16/04.md +++ b/1ki/16/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/16/05.md b/1ki/16/05.md index dd5384dfe5..8979a7638d 100644 --- a/1ki/16/05.md +++ b/1ki/16/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the informatio # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/06.md b/1ki/16/06.md index 05cec8d16e..9a5b2b4b5f 100644 --- a/1ki/16/06.md +++ b/1ki/16/06.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Baasha lay down with his ancestors -This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "Baasha died as his ancestors had" or "Like his ancestors, Baasha died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) +This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "Baasha died as his ancestors had" or "Like his ancestors, Baasha died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) # was buried @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/1 # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Baasha" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/07.md b/1ki/16/07.md index df836621a0..c5eb201983 100644 --- a/1ki/16/07.md +++ b/1ki/16/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "anger" can be expressed with the adjective "angry." Alternate # with the work of his hands Here Basha is represented by his "hands." This speaks of all of his actions as his "work." Alternate translation: "by the things Baasha had done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/08.md b/1ki/16/08.md index 44de3eaaad..5b7f7440c1 100644 --- a/1ki/16/08.md +++ b/1ki/16/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tirzah This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md). - diff --git a/1ki/16/09.md b/1ki/16/09.md index fc62206632..bdd792b1ae 100644 --- a/1ki/16/09.md +++ b/1ki/16/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "drinking so much wine that he was gett # who was over the household Being over the household represents being in charge of the things in King Elah's house. Alternate translation: "who was in charge of the things in the Elah's house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/10.md b/1ki/16/10.md index e98aba2c48..9516424158 100644 --- a/1ki/16/10.md +++ b/1ki/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Elah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/11.md b/1ki/16/11.md index 11795a2e1b..568919b516 100644 --- a/1ki/16/11.md +++ b/1ki/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He did not leave alive a single male This means that he killed all the men and boys. Alternate translation: "He did not leave even one male alive" - diff --git a/1ki/16/12.md b/1ki/16/12.md index a08774c6b5..b1b6a4fc90 100644 --- a/1ki/16/12.md +++ b/1ki/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # which he spoke against Baasha by Jehu the prophet Speaking "by" a prophet represents telling a prophet to speak and the prophet speaking. Alternate translation: "that Yahweh told Jehu the prophet to speak against Baasha" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/13.md b/1ki/16/13.md index 6f19ceca2f..b6a39f06a6 100644 --- a/1ki/16/13.md +++ b/1ki/16/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God became angry with the people because they worshiped idols. The meaning of th # the God of Israel Here the word "Israel" refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob. - diff --git a/1ki/16/14.md b/1ki/16/14.md index 092b91e21a..a39bb238c5 100644 --- a/1ki/16/14.md +++ b/1ki/16/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the informatio # are they not written ... Israel? This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/15.md b/1ki/16/15.md index 39820d3d36..7cfadb0c31 100644 --- a/1ki/16/15.md +++ b/1ki/16/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "army" refers to the army of the kingdom of Israel. # Gibbethon This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 15:27](../15/27.md). - diff --git a/1ki/16/16.md b/1ki/16/16.md index c60ade2f22..eddc6aecc6 100644 --- a/1ki/16/16.md +++ b/1ki/16/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The soldiers who camp # all Israel Both times this phrase is used, it represents the army of Israel. Here the word "all" is a generalization meaning "most." Alternate translation: "all the army of Israel" or "most of the soldiers in the army of Israel" or "the army of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/17.md b/1ki/16/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/16/17.md +++ b/1ki/16/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/16/18.md b/1ki/16/18.md index 6979addbf3..3e62f308f1 100644 --- a/1ki/16/18.md +++ b/1ki/16/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that the city had been taken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Omri and the army had taken the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/19.md b/1ki/16/19.md index 32994128c6..9de79c1523 100644 --- a/1ki/16/19.md +++ b/1ki/16/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here walking represents behaving. Alternate translation: "doing the same things # so as to lead Israel to sin Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: "so as to influence Israel to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/20.md b/1ki/16/20.md index dc43d58c30..9d6b59ac7c 100644 --- a/1ki/16/20.md +++ b/1ki/16/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the informatio # are they not written ... Israel? This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/21.md b/1ki/16/21.md index b38646a7c9..d8ad8215bc 100644 --- a/1ki/16/21.md +++ b/1ki/16/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # followed Tibni ... followed Omri Here "followed" represents supporting or wanting to make him king. Alternate translation: "supported Tibni son of Ginath, to make him king, and half supported Omri" or "wanted to make Tibni son of Ginath king, and half wanted to make Omri king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/22.md b/1ki/16/22.md index 0ab96a01fc..3b32281ff3 100644 --- a/1ki/16/22.md +++ b/1ki/16/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were stronger than the people who followed Tibni "overpowered the people who followed Tibni" - diff --git a/1ki/16/23.md b/1ki/16/23.md index 44de3eaaad..5b7f7440c1 100644 --- a/1ki/16/23.md +++ b/1ki/16/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tirzah This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md). - diff --git a/1ki/16/24.md b/1ki/16/24.md index 13dfda6f7e..26d77d26a2 100644 --- a/1ki/16/24.md +++ b/1ki/16/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "He" refers to Omri. He commanded people to build the city. Alternate t # after the name of Shemer This is an idiom that means "to honor Shemer" or "so that people would remember Shemer." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/25.md b/1ki/16/25.md index 1dced7239b..a1c2eeb0b4 100644 --- a/1ki/16/25.md +++ b/1ki/16/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment. Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/26.md b/1ki/16/26.md index 70f19e4775..c66f43b243 100644 --- a/1ki/16/26.md +++ b/1ki/16/26.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "worthless" here reminds people that idols are worthless because they c # the God of Israel Here the word "Israel" refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob. - diff --git a/1ki/16/27.md b/1ki/16/27.md index 60bcee091d..b35bcdb002 100644 --- a/1ki/16/27.md +++ b/1ki/16/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the informatio # are they not written ... Israel? This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/28.md b/1ki/16/28.md index 83d298b33a..1a2cfe0b9d 100644 --- a/1ki/16/28.md +++ b/1ki/16/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "Omri died a # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Omri" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/29.md b/1ki/16/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/16/29.md +++ b/1ki/16/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/16/30.md b/1ki/16/30.md index 1dced7239b..a1c2eeb0b4 100644 --- a/1ki/16/30.md +++ b/1ki/16/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment. Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/31.md b/1ki/16/31.md index 9da71b5017..b7d8e67b6f 100644 --- a/1ki/16/31.md +++ b/1ki/16/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Walking in Jeroboam's sins represents sinning as Jeroboam had sinned. Alternate # worshiped Baal and bowed down to him These two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase "bowed down to him" describes the posture that people used in worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/32.md b/1ki/16/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/16/32.md +++ b/1ki/16/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/16/33.md b/1ki/16/33.md index a8aad0b9fe..2e57037bf1 100644 --- a/1ki/16/33.md +++ b/1ki/16/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "Israel" refers to the nation of Israel, which consisted of twelve # the kings of Israel Here the word "Israel" refers to the kingdom of Israel, which consisted of ten tribes. - diff --git a/1ki/16/34.md b/1ki/16/34.md index 9bb7c7479f..9ab9a6235e 100644 --- a/1ki/16/34.md +++ b/1ki/16/34.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Dying is spoken of as if he lost his life. Alternate translation: "Segub, his yo # which he spoke by Joshua son of Nun Speaking "by" someone represents both telling someone to speak and the person doing it. Alternate translation: "which Yahweh caused Joshua son of Nun to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/16/intro.md b/1ki/16/intro.md index a61f33dc80..fb2f185dfa 100644 --- a/1ki/16/intro.md +++ b/1ki/16/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 1 Kings 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Incorrect worship -#### Incorrect worship The prophet Jehu warned Baasha, king of Israel, that God would destroy his family for worshiping the idols. But Baasha did not change his ways; so Zimri murdered Baasha's son and all his relatives. Then Omri killed Zimri. Omri's son Ahab brought in the rain god Baal and his wife, the fertility goddess Ashtoreth, as the official religion of Israel. This was very evil. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The prophet Jehu warned Baasha, king of Israel, that God would destroy his famil * __[1 Kings 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/17/01.md b/1ki/17/01.md index 3471dca577..1f98b8cb6e 100644 --- a/1ki/17/01.md +++ b/1ki/17/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom that means "to serve." Alternate translation: "whom I serve" (S # dew drops of water that form on the plants during the night - diff --git a/1ki/17/02.md b/1ki/17/02.md index 74f2fc9937..87a6d5ecde 100644 --- a/1ki/17/02.md +++ b/1ki/17/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came This idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke his message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/03.md b/1ki/17/03.md index d1454aff36..6711fc92b9 100644 --- a/1ki/17/03.md +++ b/1ki/17/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kerith This is the name of a very small stream. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/04.md b/1ki/17/04.md index fdb48e0aa5..d7df3c4c07 100644 --- a/1ki/17/04.md +++ b/1ki/17/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used to introduce how Yahweh will take care of Elijah during the # ravens large, black birds (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/05.md b/1ki/17/05.md index 46e916c13f..ea46c65d17 100644 --- a/1ki/17/05.md +++ b/1ki/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the word" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh com # the brook Kerith This is the name of a very small stream. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 17:2](../17/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/06.md b/1ki/17/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/17/06.md +++ b/1ki/17/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/17/07.md b/1ki/17/07.md index b6ff3adb19..c1051ebf3c 100644 --- a/1ki/17/07.md +++ b/1ki/17/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the land "in that area" or "in that country" - diff --git a/1ki/17/08.md b/1ki/17/08.md index 3a3cab110a..6ff4440eee 100644 --- a/1ki/17/08.md +++ b/1ki/17/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/ # came to him Here the word "him" refers to Elijah. - diff --git a/1ki/17/09.md b/1ki/17/09.md index a97a49379e..16ba1c79d1 100644 --- a/1ki/17/09.md +++ b/1ki/17/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Look, I "Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: I" - diff --git a/1ki/17/10.md b/1ki/17/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/17/10.md +++ b/1ki/17/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/17/11.md b/1ki/17/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/17/11.md +++ b/1ki/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/17/12.md b/1ki/17/12.md index 5b180ba73d..f64630811c 100644 --- a/1ki/17/12.md +++ b/1ki/17/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This may refer to two sticks or to only a few sticks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # that we may eat it, and die It is implied that they will die because they do not have anymore food. Alternate translation: "that we may eat. Afterwards, we will starve to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/13.md b/1ki/17/13.md index fec847b070..2b98684991 100644 --- a/1ki/17/13.md +++ b/1ki/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # afterward make some for you and for your son It is implicit that there would be enough flour and oil to make more bread. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/14.md b/1ki/17/14.md index 58f0901da9..5063e8be3e 100644 --- a/1ki/17/14.md +++ b/1ki/17/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh sends rain This is an idiom that means Yahweh causes it to rain. Alternate translation: "Yahweh causes rain to fall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/15.md b/1ki/17/15.md index 7b14d60c5d..2162132a32 100644 --- a/1ki/17/15.md +++ b/1ki/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In the original language it says, "And she and he and her household ate for many # along with her household Possible meanings for "household" are 1) this refers only to the widow's son or 2) this refers to other people who live in her house but are not named in the story or 3) this refers to her son and others living in her house. - diff --git a/1ki/17/16.md b/1ki/17/16.md index 5cc8fce15b..a1332c2a91 100644 --- a/1ki/17/16.md +++ b/1ki/17/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # just as the word of Yahweh had said Here "word" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "just as Yahweh had said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/17.md b/1ki/17/17.md index a3210be689..9481c552f7 100644 --- a/1ki/17/17.md +++ b/1ki/17/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # there was no more breath left in him This is a polite way of saying the boy died. Alternate translation: "he stopped breathing" or "he died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/18.md b/1ki/17/18.md index 52cb726366..94212ec345 100644 --- a/1ki/17/18.md +++ b/1ki/17/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "man of God" is another title for a prophet. # of my iniquity This means sins in general not a specific sin. Alternate translation: "of my sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/19.md b/1ki/17/19.md index 158ff9c1c2..e0c1996e1a 100644 --- a/1ki/17/19.md +++ b/1ki/17/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "he" refers to Elijah. # on his own bed Here "his" refers to Elijah. - diff --git a/1ki/17/20.md b/1ki/17/20.md index 81a62d4ada..cf06f9d83b 100644 --- a/1ki/17/20.md +++ b/1ki/17/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Causing the widow to suffer is spoken of as if "disaster" were an object that is # also brought disaster Here "also" means in addition to the disaster that the drought has caused. - diff --git a/1ki/17/21.md b/1ki/17/21.md index 6e8d499c0a..2deecaed55 100644 --- a/1ki/17/21.md +++ b/1ki/17/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stretched himself on the child This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "lay on top of the child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/22.md b/1ki/17/22.md index 3c183e0a3c..667ea5960e 100644 --- a/1ki/17/22.md +++ b/1ki/17/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "voice" represents what Elijah prayed. Alternate translation: "Yahweh answe # the life of the child returned to him, and he revived These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "the child came back to life" or "the child lived again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/23.md b/1ki/17/23.md index 6605c0d13c..37d6e4b860 100644 --- a/1ki/17/23.md +++ b/1ki/17/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "his" refers to Elijah. # See, your son is alive The word "See" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. - diff --git a/1ki/17/24.md b/1ki/17/24.md index 1f42d165bd..ce5b0ed955 100644 --- a/1ki/17/24.md +++ b/1ki/17/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh in your mouth is true "the message of Yahweh in your mouth is true." The word "mouth" represents what Elijah said. Alternate translation: "the message that you spoke from Yahweh is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/17/intro.md b/1ki/17/intro.md index 6089b4ec29..7eed75ea97 100644 --- a/1ki/17/intro.md +++ b/1ki/17/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Kings 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the beginning of the story of Elijah. (1 Kings 17 – 2 Kings 2) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Baal worship -#### Baal worship Ahab had introduced the worship of Baal, the god people thought brought rain, to Israel. Because of this, God caused a drought. Elijah told Ahab that it would not rain or dew until he, Elijah, said so. Elijah had to hide so Ahab would not kill him for bringing the drought. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Ahab had introduced the worship of Baal, the god people thought brought rain, to * __[1 Kings 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/18/01.md b/1ki/18/01.md index 3142713a90..d6e0d2d9bb 100644 --- a/1ki/18/01.md +++ b/1ki/18/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translat # send rain on the land "cause rain to fall on the land" - diff --git a/1ki/18/02.md b/1ki/18/02.md index 626407233c..097cd6a9fa 100644 --- a/1ki/18/02.md +++ b/1ki/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # now the famine was severe The word "now" is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the writer tells background information about how the famine had affected Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/03.md b/1ki/18/03.md index c0987c9b7b..581d92ddd5 100644 --- a/1ki/18/03.md +++ b/1ki/18/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Obadiah honored Yahweh The word "Now" is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the writer tells about a new person in the story. - diff --git a/1ki/18/04.md b/1ki/18/04.md index 90bf8ab15f..3d0944e854 100644 --- a/1ki/18/04.md +++ b/1ki/18/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one hundred prophets and hid them by fifties "100 prophets and hid them in groups of 50" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/05.md b/1ki/18/05.md index d12f52b3eb..d649e342d6 100644 --- a/1ki/18/05.md +++ b/1ki/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # save the horses and mules alive ... not lose all the animals These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: "prevent the horses and mules from dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/06.md b/1ki/18/06.md index a370245fc7..4668073bc6 100644 --- a/1ki/18/06.md +++ b/1ki/18/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahab went one way by himself and Obadiah went another way The phrase "by himself" emphasizes that Ahab and Obadiah went in separate directions, not necessarily that no one was with Ahab. Alternate translation: "Ahab lead a team in one direction and Obadiah lead a team in the other direction" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/07.md b/1ki/18/07.md index bfc67d7ba4..87157615ad 100644 --- a/1ki/18/07.md +++ b/1ki/18/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # master Elijah Here the word "master" is used as a term of respect. - diff --git a/1ki/18/08.md b/1ki/18/08.md index 32f4c53eb7..af2b3fd524 100644 --- a/1ki/18/08.md +++ b/1ki/18/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "master" refers to Ahab. # Look, Elijah "Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: Elijah" - diff --git a/1ki/18/09.md b/1ki/18/09.md index 9a64706d86..573ae9751e 100644 --- a/1ki/18/09.md +++ b/1ki/18/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Obadiah asks this question to emphasize the danger to himself because of King Ah # your servant Obadiah refers to himself as Elijah's servant in order to honor Elijah. - diff --git a/1ki/18/10.md b/1ki/18/10.md index 3e2205c60d..a902cd5e9b 100644 --- a/1ki/18/10.md +++ b/1ki/18/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an oath used to emphasize that what he is saying is true. # there is no nation or kingdom where my master has not sent men Here "no nation or kingdom" is an exaggeration that means that men have traveled very far and gone to many places to find Elijah. This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "my master has sent men to every nation and kingdom" or "my master has sent men to many nations and kingdoms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/11.md b/1ki/18/11.md index e5a0da9384..475ca00a98 100644 --- a/1ki/18/11.md +++ b/1ki/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yet now This phrase is used to emphasize the danger in what Elijah is telling Obadiah to do. - diff --git a/1ki/18/12.md b/1ki/18/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/18/12.md +++ b/1ki/18/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/18/13.md b/1ki/18/13.md index ed002e22d9..7f80a029de 100644 --- a/1ki/18/13.md +++ b/1ki/18/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "master" is a term of respect used to refer to Elijah. # one hundred of Yahweh's prophets by fifties "100 of Yahweh's prophets in groups of 50" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/14.md b/1ki/18/14.md index 709e5c32b5..770d508839 100644 --- a/1ki/18/14.md +++ b/1ki/18/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [1 Kings 18:11](../18/11.md). # your master Here "master" refers to King Ahab. - diff --git a/1ki/18/15.md b/1ki/18/15.md index 7b560c1d1a..016b842d28 100644 --- a/1ki/18/15.md +++ b/1ki/18/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an oath to emphasize that what he will say is true. # before whom I stand To "stand before" is an idiom for being in someone's presence and ready to serve him. Alternate translation: "whom I serve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/16.md b/1ki/18/16.md index 6177638fc0..197d1a975f 100644 --- a/1ki/18/16.md +++ b/1ki/18/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # told him what Elijah said "Obadiah told Ahab what Elijah had told him to say" - diff --git a/1ki/18/17.md b/1ki/18/17.md index 32294f3923..ac7c3e17a5 100644 --- a/1ki/18/17.md +++ b/1ki/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is it you? You are the one who brings trouble to Israel! Ahab asks the question for emphasis to be certain about Elijah's identity. Alternate translation: "So here you are. You are the troublemaker of Israel!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/18.md b/1ki/18/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/18/18.md +++ b/1ki/18/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/18/19.md b/1ki/18/19.md index 3d6cd7f4a8..3ce94c49b1 100644 --- a/1ki/18/19.md +++ b/1ki/18/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a generalization to refer to the leaders and people who represent the te # four hundred prophets "400 prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/20.md b/1ki/18/20.md index 8d8abc36c2..444da24327 100644 --- a/1ki/18/20.md +++ b/1ki/18/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sent word to ... and gathered "Word" represents Ahab's message and is also a metonym for the messenger who delivered the message. This is a common statement used with the meaning understood. Alternate translation: "sent a message to ... and gathered" or "sent a messenger to summon ... to gather" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/21.md b/1ki/18/21.md index 34236e75d9..1dbd4c6f73 100644 --- a/1ki/18/21.md +++ b/1ki/18/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elijah asks this question to urge the people to make a decision. This question c # did not answer him a word "did not say anything" or "were silent" - diff --git a/1ki/18/22.md b/1ki/18/22.md index bab5fd2c5f..6fa5069b24 100644 --- a/1ki/18/22.md +++ b/1ki/18/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "I" is repeated for emphasis. # 450 men "four hundred and fifty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/23.md b/1ki/18/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/18/23.md +++ b/1ki/18/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/18/24.md b/1ki/18/24.md index 1af10cbecc..50aaeaf56d 100644 --- a/1ki/18/24.md +++ b/1ki/18/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the people answered and said, "This is good." "all the people said, 'This is a good thing to do.'" - diff --git a/1ki/18/25.md b/1ki/18/25.md index bf2038e9f1..818b67b859 100644 --- a/1ki/18/25.md +++ b/1ki/18/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you are many people Here the word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/26.md b/1ki/18/26.md index 5218cc42ba..84d3decb18 100644 --- a/1ki/18/26.md +++ b/1ki/18/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the bull that someone # But there was no voice, nor anyone who answered These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that there was no one to respond to the prayers of the false prophets. The word "voice" represents someone speaking. Alternate translation: "But Baal did not say or do anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/27.md b/1ki/18/27.md index 9ac91609eb..2bdf4c2b8c 100644 --- a/1ki/18/27.md +++ b/1ki/18/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This euphemism is a more pleasant way to express a harsh statement. Elijah uses # must be awakened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must awaken him" or "you must wake him up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/28.md b/1ki/18/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/18/28.md +++ b/1ki/18/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/18/29.md b/1ki/18/29.md index 4bcdcdb7cb..442e5adcb5 100644 --- a/1ki/18/29.md +++ b/1ki/18/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that no one responded to the # there was no voice or anyone to answer See how you translated this in [1 Kings 18:26](../18/26.md). - diff --git a/1ki/18/30.md b/1ki/18/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/18/30.md +++ b/1ki/18/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/18/31.md b/1ki/18/31.md index 28646c480c..c5932368ad 100644 --- a/1ki/18/31.md +++ b/1ki/18/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twelve stones "12 stones" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/32.md b/1ki/18/32.md index 592e979e64..1ecd47a8d8 100644 --- a/1ki/18/32.md +++ b/1ki/18/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a small waterway to hold water # two seahs of seeds A seah is a unit of volume equal to about 7.7 liters. Alternate translation: "about 15 liters of seeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/33.md b/1ki/18/33.md index a8250c9f0c..02f012b9ce 100644 --- a/1ki/18/33.md +++ b/1ki/18/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # jars A jar is a container for water. - diff --git a/1ki/18/34.md b/1ki/18/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/18/34.md +++ b/1ki/18/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/18/35.md b/1ki/18/35.md index 82788f0162..661ded47aa 100644 --- a/1ki/18/35.md +++ b/1ki/18/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # trench See how you translated this in [1 Kings 18:30](../18/30.md). - diff --git a/1ki/18/36.md b/1ki/18/36.md index 1b4ffb296a..d4b5960d79 100644 --- a/1ki/18/36.md +++ b/1ki/18/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Israel" is referring to Jacob. God changed Jacob's name to Israel (Genesis # let it be known this day This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "make these people know today" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/37.md b/1ki/18/37.md index e62f63a9aa..33741cd4b9 100644 --- a/1ki/18/37.md +++ b/1ki/18/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is repeated to emphasize the appeal of Elijah to Yahweh. # turned their heart back again to yourself The people's "heart" is a metonym for the affection and loyalty of the people. Alternate translation: "caused them to be loyal to you again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/38.md b/1ki/18/38.md index 204cc6de72..6131a0019c 100644 --- a/1ki/18/38.md +++ b/1ki/18/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # licked up The fire is compared to a thirsty person drinking water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/39.md b/1ki/18/39.md index 993705e5e0..25ec341802 100644 --- a/1ki/18/39.md +++ b/1ki/18/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh, he is God! Yahweh, he is God! This phrase is repeated for emphasis. - diff --git a/1ki/18/40.md b/1ki/18/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/18/40.md +++ b/1ki/18/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/18/41.md b/1ki/18/41.md index 2985acc435..db50e20877 100644 --- a/1ki/18/41.md +++ b/1ki/18/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there is the sound of much rain "it sounds like it is going to rain a lot" - diff --git a/1ki/18/42.md b/1ki/18/42.md index 54904e1d9b..8177176b4f 100644 --- a/1ki/18/42.md +++ b/1ki/18/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bowed himself down on the earth and put his face between his knees This describes a posture used for praying. - diff --git a/1ki/18/43.md b/1ki/18/43.md index ea9de54910..3002f1ba6f 100644 --- a/1ki/18/43.md +++ b/1ki/18/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven times The word "seven" can be rendered as the numeral "7." Alternate translation: "7 times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/18/44.md b/1ki/18/44.md index d9229cbc72..f875cad5de 100644 --- a/1ki/18/44.md +++ b/1ki/18/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as small as a man's hand From a long distance, the cloud could be covered from sight by a man's hand. - diff --git a/1ki/18/45.md b/1ki/18/45.md index 5dce557aac..40fe407e5e 100644 --- a/1ki/18/45.md +++ b/1ki/18/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It happened This phrase is used here to mark where a new step in the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/1ki/18/46.md b/1ki/18/46.md index 0487acdccf..bab518897c 100644 --- a/1ki/18/46.md +++ b/1ki/18/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hand" is a metonym for strength. Alternate translation: "Yahweh g # girded his loins Elijah wrapped his long robe around his waist so that his legs would be free for running. - diff --git a/1ki/18/intro.md b/1ki/18/intro.md index f39f93a675..a2f0e59dd9 100644 --- a/1ki/18/intro.md +++ b/1ki/18/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,18 @@ # 1 Kings 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of Elijah continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Baal -#### Baal God proved himself to all the people of Israel. Elijah went to meet Ahab. He told Ahab to bring the 450 prophets of Baal and all the people to Mount Carmel. Then he proposed an experiment, which was carried out. The prophets of Baal took one bull, killed it, cut it up, and placed it on wood on an altar without lighting the fire. The prophets of Baal danced and prayed to Baal all morning and half the afternoon. After they were exhausted, Elijah built his altar, put the bull he had prepared on it, and drenched it with water. Then he prayed. God answered his prayer with fire that burned up the sacrifice, the altar and the water. Then Elijah told the people to seize the prophets of Baal and kill them. After that, Elijah prayed for rain, and it rained very hard. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Humor +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Humor Elijah insults the false god Baal. He states, "Perhaps he is thinking, or is relieving himself, or he is traveling on a journey, or perhaps he is sleeping and must be awakened." Baal was too busy in the bathroom to answer the prophets. "Relieving himself" is a euphemism. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Elijah insults the false god Baal. He states, "Perhaps he is thinking, or is rel * __[1 Kings 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/19/01.md b/1ki/19/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/19/01.md +++ b/1ki/19/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/19/02.md b/1ki/19/02.md index d4a60bdf8a..5f973821a9 100644 --- a/1ki/19/02.md +++ b/1ki/19/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a comparison used as an emphatic oath. "May the gods kill me and do even # if I do not make your life like the life of one of those dead prophets "if I do not kill you like you killed those prophets" - diff --git a/1ki/19/03.md b/1ki/19/03.md index 2633b3483e..c2f33b5837 100644 --- a/1ki/19/03.md +++ b/1ki/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he arose "he stood up" - diff --git a/1ki/19/04.md b/1ki/19/04.md index d0f9b3e5ae..25d5982050 100644 --- a/1ki/19/04.md +++ b/1ki/19/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A "broom tree" is a plant that grows in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/t # It is enough, now, Yahweh "These troubles are too much for me, Yahweh" - diff --git a/1ki/19/05.md b/1ki/19/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/19/05.md +++ b/1ki/19/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/19/06.md b/1ki/19/06.md index 6ae4e072ae..b64b167d6f 100644 --- a/1ki/19/06.md +++ b/1ki/19/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "bread that someone ha # jug of water "a container of water" - diff --git a/1ki/19/07.md b/1ki/19/07.md index fb06a3c6fc..1edca98b2b 100644 --- a/1ki/19/07.md +++ b/1ki/19/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will be too much for you "will be too difficult for you." - diff --git a/1ki/19/08.md b/1ki/19/08.md index 218042d9dc..699c534611 100644 --- a/1ki/19/08.md +++ b/1ki/19/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he traveled in the strength of that food forty days and forty nights "that food gave him energy to travel for 40 days and 40 nights" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/19/09.md b/1ki/19/09.md index dc657d1a00..a67c6c84f4 100644 --- a/1ki/19/09.md +++ b/1ki/19/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "The word of Yahweh came to," is used to introduce a special message f # What are you doing here, Elijah? Yahweh asks this question to rebuke Elijah and to remind him of his duty. Alternate translation: "This is not where you should be, Elijah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/19/10.md b/1ki/19/10.md index cddc7b4ee4..86f0a882c7 100644 --- a/1ki/19/10.md +++ b/1ki/19/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I, only I, am left Here the word "I" is repeated for emphasis. - diff --git a/1ki/19/11.md b/1ki/19/11.md index e0d38ac51d..97ad8dc871 100644 --- a/1ki/19/11.md +++ b/1ki/19/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the mountain before me "Before me" here is an idiom for standing in front of someone. Alternate translation: "on the mountain in my presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/19/12.md b/1ki/19/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/19/12.md +++ b/1ki/19/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/19/13.md b/1ki/19/13.md index 6824d76311..8d0012fb3c 100644 --- a/1ki/19/13.md +++ b/1ki/19/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # What are you doing here, Elijah? See how you translated this text in [1 Kings 19:9](../19/09.md). - diff --git a/1ki/19/14.md b/1ki/19/14.md index 61e3d80d88..cdf444c86b 100644 --- a/1ki/19/14.md +++ b/1ki/19/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this text in [1 Kings 19:10](../19/10.md). # I, only I, am left Here the word "I" is repeated for emphasis. - diff --git a/1ki/19/15.md b/1ki/19/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/19/15.md +++ b/1ki/19/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/19/16.md b/1ki/19/16.md index 305f1fb524..ee9d7f34b5 100644 --- a/1ki/19/16.md +++ b/1ki/19/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # prophet in your place "prophet instead of you" - diff --git a/1ki/19/17.md b/1ki/19/17.md index 2c5e6bac4e..58c5a42379 100644 --- a/1ki/19/17.md +++ b/1ki/19/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used to introduce what will happen when Elijah does what Yahweh h # whoever escapes from the sword of Hazael "Sword" is metonymy for for killing as in battle. Alternate translation: "whomever Hazael does not kill with the sword" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/19/18.md b/1ki/19/18.md index 31bb89ec44..79fe4727b1 100644 --- a/1ki/19/18.md +++ b/1ki/19/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "I" and "myself" refer to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I will # whose knees have not bent down to Baal, and whose mouths have not kissed him "Bending down" and "kissing" are metonymies for actions people did to worship idols. They are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: "who have not bowed down and kissed Baal" or "who have not worshiped Baal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/19/19.md b/1ki/19/19.md index c5cb781e73..3d22f8b8d4 100644 --- a/1ki/19/19.md +++ b/1ki/19/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # he himself was plowing with the twelfth yoke The word "himself" indicates that Elisha was plowing with the last yoke, while other men were plowing with the other eleven yokes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/19/20.md b/1ki/19/20.md index fbc15a1740..e55db6af22 100644 --- a/1ki/19/20.md +++ b/1ki/19/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he said, "Please The word "he" refers to Elisha. - diff --git a/1ki/19/21.md b/1ki/19/21.md index d4001834fe..1144a7cbb4 100644 --- a/1ki/19/21.md +++ b/1ki/19/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he gave it to the people Elisha gave the cooked meat to the people of his city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/19/intro.md b/1ki/19/intro.md index 4c585ad5db..1c5deb3e7b 100644 --- a/1ki/19/intro.md +++ b/1ki/19/intro.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ # 1 Kings 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of Elijah continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter The queen was angry that Elijah had killed her prophets of Baal. She promised to kill Elijah. Elijah fled south into the desert south of Judah. He traveled on to Mount Horeb also known as Mount Sinai, the mountain of God. God asked him why he was there. He said he had come to Mount Horeb because Israel had deserted God, killed his prophets, and wanted to kill him. God sent him home to make Hazael the king of Aram, Jehu the king of Israel, and Elisha as the prophet in his place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The queen was angry that Elijah had killed her prophets of Baal. She promised to * __[1 Kings 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/20/01.md b/1ki/20/01.md index c3172c25a1..410f7416a7 100644 --- a/1ki/20/01.md +++ b/1ki/20/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # lesser kings "kings ruling smaller groups of people" - diff --git a/1ki/20/02.md b/1ki/20/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/02.md +++ b/1ki/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/03.md b/1ki/20/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/03.md +++ b/1ki/20/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/04.md b/1ki/20/04.md index f9eb5aef91..7d208a0e2a 100644 --- a/1ki/20/04.md +++ b/1ki/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is as you say This is an idiom to express agreement. Alternate translation: "I agree with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/05.md b/1ki/20/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/05.md +++ b/1ki/20/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/06.md b/1ki/20/06.md index 47a2843154..1b8ce2b880 100644 --- a/1ki/20/06.md +++ b/1ki/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # everything that delights your eyes Here the word "eyes" represents the whole person and emphasizes him looking at something and being pleased by it. Alternate translation: "whatever pleases you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/07.md b/1ki/20/07.md index 71298fc721..1d6858942b 100644 --- a/1ki/20/07.md +++ b/1ki/20/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I have not refused him "I have agreed to his demands" - diff --git a/1ki/20/08.md b/1ki/20/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/08.md +++ b/1ki/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/09.md b/1ki/20/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/09.md +++ b/1ki/20/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/10.md b/1ki/20/10.md index 0be452c2a1..8bb63b9e44 100644 --- a/1ki/20/10.md +++ b/1ki/20/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an oath with great emphasis. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 19: # if even the ashes of Samaria will be enough for all the people who follow me to have a handful each Ben-Hadad is threatening that his army will totally destroy everything in Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/11.md b/1ki/20/11.md index 30123287b3..51496a21b8 100644 --- a/1ki/20/11.md +++ b/1ki/20/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # No one who is girding on his armor should boast as if he were taking it off This is a proverb, so you may want to make it as brief and easy to say as possible. Alternate translation: "Let him who puts his armor on not boast like him who takes it off" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/12.md b/1ki/20/12.md index 41b76430eb..1fcba33a2d 100644 --- a/1ki/20/12.md +++ b/1ki/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his servants These men served him as soldiers. Alternate translation: "his soldiers" - diff --git a/1ki/20/13.md b/1ki/20/13.md index 3e08947805..ac935d92c8 100644 --- a/1ki/20/13.md +++ b/1ki/20/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "Look" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information th # place it into your hand Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "give you victory over that army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/14.md b/1ki/20/14.md index b945bb63c9..4344fdd435 100644 --- a/1ki/20/14.md +++ b/1ki/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # By whom? Ahab leaves out the words 'will you do this' Alternate translation: "By whom will you do this?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/15.md b/1ki/20/15.md index 81b72be2de..5f8f1d53ef 100644 --- a/1ki/20/15.md +++ b/1ki/20/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. ( # seven thousand "7,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/16.md b/1ki/20/16.md index 36459a1cae..550140b183 100644 --- a/1ki/20/16.md +++ b/1ki/20/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "They" refers to the Israelite army. # thirty-two lesser kings See how you translated this in [1 Kings 20:1](../20/01.md). - diff --git a/1ki/20/17.md b/1ki/20/17.md index 238f970990..d526f45d6e 100644 --- a/1ki/20/17.md +++ b/1ki/20/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "Scouts that Ben-Ha # scouts A "scout" is a soldier sent to gather information about the enemy. - diff --git a/1ki/20/18.md b/1ki/20/18.md index 5837f5a937..25b571b1fb 100644 --- a/1ki/20/18.md +++ b/1ki/20/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is understood that Ben-Hadad is speaking to his soldiers. Alternate translati # Whether they have ... take them Here "they" and "them" refer to the Israelite army. - diff --git a/1ki/20/19.md b/1ki/20/19.md index f2b065d35d..ed7769abcb 100644 --- a/1ki/20/19.md +++ b/1ki/20/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So the young officers ... the army followed "The young Israelite officers ... the Israelite army followed" - diff --git a/1ki/20/20.md b/1ki/20/20.md index e8e60f596c..32cde61035 100644 --- a/1ki/20/20.md +++ b/1ki/20/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Israel pursued them "Israel" is synecdoche for all the soldiers of the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "the men of the army of Israel pursued them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/21.md b/1ki/20/21.md index e47562e735..042061ded4 100644 --- a/1ki/20/21.md +++ b/1ki/20/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the king of Israel went out and attacked "The king" is synecdoche for the king and all the soldiers serving under him. Alternate translation: "The king of Israel and his soldiers went out and attacked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/22.md b/1ki/20/22.md index 97215bf4cf..f31836c90d 100644 --- a/1ki/20/22.md +++ b/1ki/20/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alt # at the return of the year Possible meanings are 1) "in the springtime of next year" or 2) "at this time next year." - diff --git a/1ki/20/23.md b/1ki/20/23.md index 7eadcf4ff8..cab5d9ed2e 100644 --- a/1ki/20/23.md +++ b/1ki/20/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let us fight ... we will be stronger The words "us" and "we" refer to the servants, the king, and the army all together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/24.md b/1ki/20/24.md index d288666377..299e57ad8c 100644 --- a/1ki/20/24.md +++ b/1ki/20/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Remove all the kings from their positions of authority "You must remove the thirty-two kings who are leading your troops" - diff --git a/1ki/20/25.md b/1ki/20/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/25.md +++ b/1ki/20/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/26.md b/1ki/20/26.md index 1e19a76932..24db46c811 100644 --- a/1ki/20/26.md +++ b/1ki/20/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # to fight against Israel "Israel" represents the army of Israel. Alternate translation: "to fight against the army of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/27.md b/1ki/20/27.md index 1c2186b4a9..c7ebfe7dd0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/27.md +++ b/1ki/20/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Israelite army al # like two little flocks of goats This simile compares the Israelite army to two little flocks of goats. Alternate translation: "The Israelite army appeared to be small and weak like two flocks of goats" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/28.md b/1ki/20/28.md index 3075bc62d5..ad340cb228 100644 --- a/1ki/20/28.md +++ b/1ki/20/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is another title for a prophet. Alternate translation: "a prophet" # place this great army into your hand Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "give you victory over this great army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/29.md b/1ki/20/29.md index 337a8ca84c..e1e3a29ee2 100644 --- a/1ki/20/29.md +++ b/1ki/20/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # footmen A "footman" is a soldier who marches on foot. - diff --git a/1ki/20/30.md b/1ki/20/30.md index 603ed3a4eb..f7eee8e86b 100644 --- a/1ki/20/30.md +++ b/1ki/20/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twenty-seven thousand "27,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/31.md b/1ki/20/31.md index 4a8546d86e..6051fe78ed 100644 --- a/1ki/20/31.md +++ b/1ki/20/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hea # put sackcloth around our waists and ropes around our heads This was a sign of surrender. - diff --git a/1ki/20/32.md b/1ki/20/32.md index a68c25c4f6..1b8e30ccf0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/32.md +++ b/1ki/20/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ahab asks this question to express surprise. Alternate translation: "I am surpri # He is my brother "My brother" here is a metaphor for somebody who is a good friend. Alternate translation: "He is like a brother to me" or "He is like family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/33.md b/1ki/20/33.md index 9d8194a40b..87ff605154 100644 --- a/1ki/20/33.md +++ b/1ki/20/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Now" does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to # for any sign from Ahab "Sign" is metonymy for an action that gives a meaning. Alternate translation: "for any action from Ahab that would show them that Ahab wanted to be merciful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/34.md b/1ki/20/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/34.md +++ b/1ki/20/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/35.md b/1ki/20/35.md index 3fc4571be4..3b789f479b 100644 --- a/1ki/20/35.md +++ b/1ki/20/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh "the message of Yahweh" or "Yahweh's message" - diff --git a/1ki/20/36.md b/1ki/20/36.md index b9d5d23421..9b64a0b50a 100644 --- a/1ki/20/36.md +++ b/1ki/20/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh "The voice" is metonymy for what Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: "you have not obeyed Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/37.md b/1ki/20/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/37.md +++ b/1ki/20/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/38.md b/1ki/20/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/38.md +++ b/1ki/20/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/39.md b/1ki/20/39.md index 0356609843..dcc7b47804 100644 --- a/1ki/20/39.md +++ b/1ki/20/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The prophet refers to himself in the third person as a sign of respect to the ki # a talent of silver A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: "33 kilograms of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/40.md b/1ki/20/40.md index eba04736f3..3cef8e947d 100644 --- a/1ki/20/40.md +++ b/1ki/20/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # going here and there This is an idiom to represent being very busy and preoccupied. Alternate translation: "doing other things" or "doing this and that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/20/41.md b/1ki/20/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/41.md +++ b/1ki/20/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/42.md b/1ki/20/42.md index 0abbdb9a33..415e3e7eb4 100644 --- a/1ki/20/42.md +++ b/1ki/20/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hand" is metonymy for power. Alternate translation: "released" or # your life will take the place of his life, and your people for his people "you will die in his place, and your people will die in the place of his people" - diff --git a/1ki/20/43.md b/1ki/20/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/20/43.md +++ b/1ki/20/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/20/intro.md b/1ki/20/intro.md index 10253d19fb..14fa341dc8 100644 --- a/1ki/20/intro.md +++ b/1ki/20/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 1 Kings 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This is a story of two battles between Aram and Israel. +This is a story of two battles between Aram and Israel. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Battle -#### Battle God had chosen to defeat Ben Hadad, king of Aram. So when he attacked Samaria with a huge army, the tiny army of Israel defeated him. The people of Aram said that Yahweh was the god of the hills, but they could defeat Israel on the plains. So they came again but Israel defeated them again. Then Ben Hadad offered a peace plan and Ahab accepted. But God had wanted him to kill Ben Hadad and was angry at Ahab for making peace with him. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Simile -#### Simile There were so few Israel soldiers that they were "like two little flocks of goats." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ There were so few Israel soldiers that they were "like two little flocks of goat * __[1 Kings 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/21/01.md b/1ki/21/01.md index ebbc05b642..5deddcfb07 100644 --- a/1ki/21/01.md +++ b/1ki/21/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man from Jezreel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-nam # king of Samaria "Samaria" was the capital city of the kingdom of Israel and here represents the entire nation. Alternate translation: "king of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/02.md b/1ki/21/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/21/02.md +++ b/1ki/21/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/21/03.md b/1ki/21/03.md index 250de42c63..253a47fca7 100644 --- a/1ki/21/03.md +++ b/1ki/21/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is an oath that emphasizes that what follows will not happen. Altern # give the inheritance of my ancestors to you The land that his ancestors received as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance. Alternate translation: "give to you the land that my ancestors received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/04.md b/1ki/21/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/21/04.md +++ b/1ki/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/21/05.md b/1ki/21/05.md index c0f8f2a918..b9942b0a9d 100644 --- a/1ki/21/05.md +++ b/1ki/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why is your heart so sad Here "heart" refers to the entire person and his emotions. Alternate translation: "Why are you so sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/06.md b/1ki/21/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/21/06.md +++ b/1ki/21/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/21/07.md b/1ki/21/07.md index b899869f76..957b8d67b1 100644 --- a/1ki/21/07.md +++ b/1ki/21/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jezebel uses this negative rhetorical question to rebuke Ahab. It can be transla # let your heart be happy Here "heart" refers to the entire person and his emotions. Alternate translation: "be happy" or "cheer up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/08.md b/1ki/21/08.md index 8780adb88b..721c8c1e14 100644 --- a/1ki/21/08.md +++ b/1ki/21/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) she wrote Ahab's name on the letters. Alternate transla # the nobles who sat with him The word "nobles" refers to wealthy people. - diff --git a/1ki/21/09.md b/1ki/21/09.md index 0167b84d4e..f1dc7bf025 100644 --- a/1ki/21/09.md +++ b/1ki/21/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seat Naboth above the people Having Naboth sit in a place of honor is spoken of as if it were having him sit above the rest of the people who were present. Alternate translation: "have Naboth sit in a place of honor among the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/10.md b/1ki/21/10.md index 2942329161..f62fc22971 100644 --- a/1ki/21/10.md +++ b/1ki/21/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let them testify against him "have them accuse him" - diff --git a/1ki/21/11.md b/1ki/21/11.md index d15d743c78..9ba9f4168d 100644 --- a/1ki/21/11.md +++ b/1ki/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as was written in the letters This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as she had written in the letters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/12.md b/1ki/21/12.md index b052810367..24e02d93fe 100644 --- a/1ki/21/12.md +++ b/1ki/21/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seated Naboth above the people Having Naboth sit in a place of honor is spoken of as if it were having him sit above the rest of the people who were present. See how you translated this idea in [1 Kings 21:9](../21/09.md). Alternate translation: "had Naboth sit in a place of honor among the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/13.md b/1ki/21/13.md index 1fa404a02a..b9fe677c47 100644 --- a/1ki/21/13.md +++ b/1ki/21/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they carried him out Here the word "they" refers to the people of the city. - diff --git a/1ki/21/14.md b/1ki/21/14.md index 9a6d91fc7e..a4574bb4c7 100644 --- a/1ki/21/14.md +++ b/1ki/21/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Naboth has been stoned and is dead This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We have stoned Naboth and he is dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/15.md b/1ki/21/15.md index 5ef1552b46..7c1c59b85c 100644 --- a/1ki/21/15.md +++ b/1ki/21/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the people had s # Naboth is not alive, but dead. These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize Jezebel's statement. Alternate translation: "Naboth is dead!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/16.md b/1ki/21/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/21/16.md +++ b/1ki/21/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/21/17.md b/1ki/21/17.md index 69adfbefb3..4430dd6c5f 100644 --- a/1ki/21/17.md +++ b/1ki/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/18.md b/1ki/21/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/21/18.md +++ b/1ki/21/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/21/19.md b/1ki/21/19.md index 8b1bf6d11f..e0599f1e2d 100644 --- a/1ki/21/19.md +++ b/1ki/21/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this question to scold Ahab. Alternate translation: "You have killed # your blood, yes, your blood This is repeated for emphasis. - diff --git a/1ki/21/20.md b/1ki/21/20.md index 2e0a6e0c40..1b13c74c7c 100644 --- a/1ki/21/20.md +++ b/1ki/21/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person being committed to doing what is evil is spoken of as if that person ha # what is evil in the sight of Yahweh The phrase, "in the sight of" refers to someone's opinion. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:6](../11/06.md). Alternate translation: "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/21.md b/1ki/21/21.md index 45d694316c..a35a1e41ed 100644 --- a/1ki/21/21.md +++ b/1ki/21/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # completely consume and cut off from Ahab every male child and slave and free man in Israel Yahweh speaks to Ahab as if he were speaking of someone else. He speaks of destroying Ahab's family and preventing him from having any decedents as if he were consuming these people like a fire would consume them and cutting them off as one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: "destroy every one of your male children in Israel, whether slave or free" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/22.md b/1ki/21/22.md index 28f9fed8fa..ad9602e9bd 100644 --- a/1ki/21/22.md +++ b/1ki/21/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will make your family like the family of Jeroboam ... and like the family of Baasha Yahweh will destroy Ahab's family like he destroyed the families of Jeroboam and Baasha. - diff --git a/1ki/21/23.md b/1ki/21/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/21/23.md +++ b/1ki/21/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/21/24.md b/1ki/21/24.md index 194957c12b..9a92ada6bd 100644 --- a/1ki/21/24.md +++ b/1ki/21/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Anyone who belongs to Ahab "Anyone who belongs to Ahab's family" - diff --git a/1ki/21/25.md b/1ki/21/25.md index e372e81304..18efdcc3a6 100644 --- a/1ki/21/25.md +++ b/1ki/21/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person being committed to doing what is evil is spoken of as if that person ha # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The phrase, "in the sight of" refers to someone's opinion. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:6](../11/06.md). Alternate translation: "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/26.md b/1ki/21/26.md index 8205a98c48..6ae12d292c 100644 --- a/1ki/21/26.md +++ b/1ki/21/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) following the idols was in itself abhorrent behavior or # removed before the people of Israel Here "Israel" refers to all twelve tribes of Israel and not just to the northern kingdom. Alternate translation: "removed from the presence of the people of Israel" or "drove out of the land before the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/27.md b/1ki/21/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/21/27.md +++ b/1ki/21/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/21/28.md b/1ki/21/28.md index 69adfbefb3..4430dd6c5f 100644 --- a/1ki/21/28.md +++ b/1ki/21/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/21/29.md b/1ki/21/29.md index cdb7081cdc..b9e3e89eb6 100644 --- a/1ki/21/29.md +++ b/1ki/21/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God knows that Elijah can literally see Ahab, but he wants Elijah to understand # in his days ... in his son's day "during his lifetime ... during his son's lifetime" - diff --git a/1ki/21/intro.md b/1ki/21/intro.md index 20e8ec9772..0327073607 100644 --- a/1ki/21/intro.md +++ b/1ki/21/intro.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ # 1 Kings 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of Elijah continues in this chapter. +The story of Elijah continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter God hates oppression but is forgiving to people who are sorry for their sins. Ahab wanted Naboth's vineyard to make into a garden for his palace, but Naboth refused to sell it. So the queen, Ahab's wife, told the civic leaders of Naboth's town to falsely accuse him and execute him. Elijah told Ahab that he would be killed in Naboth's vineyard and all his family destroyed. Ahab repented and showed he was very sorry for what he did, so God said it would not happen to Ahab himself but to his son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God hates oppression but is forgiving to people who are sorry for their sins. Ah * __[1 Kings 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ki/22/01.md b/1ki/22/01.md index bfb57abc6f..7c38c4f565 100644 --- a/1ki/22/01.md +++ b/1ki/22/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Three years "3 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/02.md b/1ki/22/02.md index d7ae3cf8b2..4c09fa8b15 100644 --- a/1ki/22/02.md +++ b/1ki/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it came about that This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/1ki/22/03.md b/1ki/22/03.md index c8cfe88406..6c393d9b08 100644 --- a/1ki/22/03.md +++ b/1ki/22/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ahab asks this question to emphasize that they should have already recaptured Ra # to take it from the hand of the king of Aram Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "to take it from the control of the king of Aram" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/04.md b/1ki/22/04.md index 544e837c7a..f7d57ffc84 100644 --- a/1ki/22/04.md +++ b/1ki/22/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am like you, my people are like your people, and my horses are like your horses Jehoshaphat tells Ahab that he, his people, and his horses belong to Ahab, meaning that Ahab can command them as he pleases. Alternate translation: "I, my soldiers, and my horses are yours to use in any way you want" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/05.md b/1ki/22/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/05.md +++ b/1ki/22/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/06.md b/1ki/22/06.md index 61b372ee21..ca5a42076b 100644 --- a/1ki/22/06.md +++ b/1ki/22/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for the Lord will give it into the hand of the king Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "for the Lord will allow the king to capture Ramoth Gilead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/07.md b/1ki/22/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/07.md +++ b/1ki/22/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/08.md b/1ki/22/08.md index c00ca1e71e..4e15f1a574 100644 --- a/1ki/22/08.md +++ b/1ki/22/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May the king not say that Jehoshaphat refers to Ahab in the third person to show respect for him. Alternate translation: "You should not say that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/09.md b/1ki/22/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/09.md +++ b/1ki/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/10.md b/1ki/22/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/10.md +++ b/1ki/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/11.md b/1ki/22/11.md index 7928e8ac98..28a059afa3 100644 --- a/1ki/22/11.md +++ b/1ki/22/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophet's actions are a symbolic metaphor that illustrates the way that Ahab # until they are consumed Destroying an enemy army is spoken of as if it were consuming them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until you consume them" or "until you destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/12.md b/1ki/22/12.md index a54d46fc78..31c2637e87 100644 --- a/1ki/22/12.md +++ b/1ki/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # given it into the hand of the king Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "allowed the king to capture it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/13.md b/1ki/22/13.md index 7dc46b3c0f..2b5ba6043e 100644 --- a/1ki/22/13.md +++ b/1ki/22/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophets all saying the same thing is spoken of as if they all spoke with th # let your word be like one of them Here the word "them" refers to "the words of the prophets." Alternate translation: "let what you say agree with what they have said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/14.md b/1ki/22/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/14.md +++ b/1ki/22/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/15.md b/1ki/22/15.md index aefda4ea05..822f7650b3 100644 --- a/1ki/22/15.md +++ b/1ki/22/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "we" refers to Ahab, Jehoshaphat, and their armies but not to Micaiah. # will give it into the hand of the king Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "will allow the king to capture it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/16.md b/1ki/22/16.md index 0966f51b3f..42a84c478a 100644 --- a/1ki/22/16.md +++ b/1ki/22/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ahab asks this question out of frustration to rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translat # in the name of Yahweh Here the word "name" refers to authority. Alternate translation: "as the representative of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/17.md b/1ki/22/17.md index 8bf111a16f..6726f78b8a 100644 --- a/1ki/22/17.md +++ b/1ki/22/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people of the army are compared to sheep that have no one to lead them becau # These have no master "These people no longer have a leader" - diff --git a/1ki/22/18.md b/1ki/22/18.md index 8a5fd95a96..ac56162769 100644 --- a/1ki/22/18.md +++ b/1ki/22/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did I not tell you ... but only disaster? Ahab asks this question to emphasize that he had spoken the truth about Micaiah. Alternate translation: "I told you ... but only disaster!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/19.md b/1ki/22/19.md index 78e389f2eb..cd502b6ec1 100644 --- a/1ki/22/19.md +++ b/1ki/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the host of heaven were standing by him "all the army of heaven was standing by him." Here "the host of heaven" refers to the living beings that God created in the heavens. Possible meanings are that they are called host 1) because they fight as armies. Alternate translation: "all the angel army of heaven was standing by him" or 2) because there are so many of them, just as armies have many soldiers. Alternate translation: "all the multitude of heaven was standing by him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/20.md b/1ki/22/20.md index ed4ea4c8fc..095351354c 100644 --- a/1ki/22/20.md +++ b/1ki/22/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ahab dying in battle is spoken of as if he will fall. Alternate translation: "di # One of them said ... and another one said "One ... and another" refers to two or more angels in the heavenly host who were responding to Yahweh's question in the previous verse. - diff --git a/1ki/22/21.md b/1ki/22/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/21.md +++ b/1ki/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/22.md b/1ki/22/22.md index e9e1eefd7b..fa559e730f 100644 --- a/1ki/22/22.md +++ b/1ki/22/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets Here the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate translation: "cause all his prophets to speak lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/23.md b/1ki/22/23.md index e0948d07c9..225c3a18f2 100644 --- a/1ki/22/23.md +++ b/1ki/22/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these prophets of yours Here the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate translation: "has caused all of your prophets to speak lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/24.md b/1ki/22/24.md index 1732ae9f17..34a385bc0a 100644 --- a/1ki/22/24.md +++ b/1ki/22/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Which way did the Spirit of Yahweh take to go from me to speak to you? Zedekiah asks this sarcastic question to insult and rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translation: "Do not think that Yahweh's Spirit left me to speak to you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/25.md b/1ki/22/25.md index f6aebeff94..174ba4477c 100644 --- a/1ki/22/25.md +++ b/1ki/22/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will see "you will know the answer to your question." If Zedekiah's rhetorical question is translated as a statement, this phrase may be translated to supply implicit information. Alternate translation: "you will know that the Spirit of Yahweh has spoken to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/26.md b/1ki/22/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/26.md +++ b/1ki/22/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/27.md b/1ki/22/27.md index ad6bcd77f5..2f8e1a7acc 100644 --- a/1ki/22/27.md +++ b/1ki/22/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # feed him the bread of affliction and the water of affliction "feed him the bread and water of affliction" or "give him the prisoners' small portions of bread and water." Ahab was telling his servants to punish and afflict Micaiah. - diff --git a/1ki/22/28.md b/1ki/22/28.md index d46bbf1158..0d22d09c83 100644 --- a/1ki/22/28.md +++ b/1ki/22/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If you return safely, then Yahweh has not spoken by me Micaiah knew that the king would not return safely because Yahweh had already told him that. So he said this to emphasize that. Alternate translation: "If you return safely, then that would mean that Yahweh has not spoken by me" - diff --git a/1ki/22/29.md b/1ki/22/29.md index 7745d32f70..e3813902cf 100644 --- a/1ki/22/29.md +++ b/1ki/22/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahab, the king of Israel, and Jehoshaphat, the king of Judah, went up Here the kings represent themselves accompanied by their armies. Alternate translation: "Ahab, the king of Israel, and Jehoshaphat, the king of Judah led their armies up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/30.md b/1ki/22/30.md index 5b1e9269b8..6f95e6e399 100644 --- a/1ki/22/30.md +++ b/1ki/22/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # disguise This means to change the usual appearance so as not to be identified. - diff --git a/1ki/22/31.md b/1ki/22/31.md index b655e9ea14..6dcdaf1d6a 100644 --- a/1ki/22/31.md +++ b/1ki/22/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do not attack unimportant or important soldiers By mentioning both "unimportant" and "important soldiers," the king meant all soldiers. Alternate translation: "Do not attack any of the soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/32.md b/1ki/22/32.md index 9a601d2a57..111eb2c15a 100644 --- a/1ki/22/32.md +++ b/1ki/22/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It came about that This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/1ki/22/33.md b/1ki/22/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/33.md +++ b/1ki/22/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/34.md b/1ki/22/34.md index 5dd5f0147b..a674896fa9 100644 --- a/1ki/22/34.md +++ b/1ki/22/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # drew his bow at random Possible meanings are 1) he took aim to shoot a soldier without knowing that it was Ahab or 2) he drew his bow to shoot without any specific target in mind. - diff --git a/1ki/22/35.md b/1ki/22/35.md index 200320dce5..4fff2a8337 100644 --- a/1ki/22/35.md +++ b/1ki/22/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the king was held up in his chariot This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone held the king up in his chariot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/36.md b/1ki/22/36.md index c1e6f6b89f..76b88b4c0f 100644 --- a/1ki/22/36.md +++ b/1ki/22/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "a cry" represents the soldiers who were shouting. Alternate translation: " # Every man should go back to his city; and every man should go back to his region These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/37.md b/1ki/22/37.md index 4c60c4fd64..2f3c01db42 100644 --- a/1ki/22/37.md +++ b/1ki/22/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his soldiers brought # they buried him "people buried him" - diff --git a/1ki/22/38.md b/1ki/22/38.md index 9520596c77..b7a83da9fe 100644 --- a/1ki/22/38.md +++ b/1ki/22/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # just as the word of Yahweh had declared Here "the word of Yahweh" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "just as Yahweh had declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/39.md b/1ki/22/39.md index 4ebe9b9004..12a3ef6f06 100644 --- a/1ki/22/39.md +++ b/1ki/22/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:31](../15/31.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." or "you can read them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/40.md b/1ki/22/40.md index 4b92b5ff10..172db9db3d 100644 --- a/1ki/22/40.md +++ b/1ki/22/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lay down with his ancestors This is a polite way of saying that he died. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: "died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/41.md b/1ki/22/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/41.md +++ b/1ki/22/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/42.md b/1ki/22/42.md index bb63bd459f..d23d2b2d77 100644 --- a/1ki/22/42.md +++ b/1ki/22/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # twenty-five years "25 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/43.md b/1ki/22/43.md index 1adae7496f..8049ded9a4 100644 --- a/1ki/22/43.md +++ b/1ki/22/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "eyes" represents seeing and Yahweh's opinion is spoken of as if he were ab # the high places were not taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he did not take away the high places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/44.md b/1ki/22/44.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/44.md +++ b/1ki/22/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/45.md b/1ki/22/45.md index 9d1adf6151..6537a527b9 100644 --- a/1ki/22/45.md +++ b/1ki/22/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah." or "you can read them in the book of the events of the kings of Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/46.md b/1ki/22/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/46.md +++ b/1ki/22/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/47.md b/1ki/22/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/47.md +++ b/1ki/22/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/48.md b/1ki/22/48.md index 4ab8769fb6..3a76ed1150 100644 --- a/1ki/22/48.md +++ b/1ki/22/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the ships were wrecked This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the ships wrecked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/49.md b/1ki/22/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ki/22/49.md +++ b/1ki/22/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ki/22/50.md b/1ki/22/50.md index 385d5e8b40..a923161f99 100644 --- a/1ki/22/50.md +++ b/1ki/22/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. See how you translated this in [1 K # was buried with them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people buried him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/51.md b/1ki/22/51.md index 71632fd054..dc38d9f3b3 100644 --- a/1ki/22/51.md +++ b/1ki/22/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he reigned two years "he reigned 2 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1ki/22/52.md b/1ki/22/52.md index c2faf13226..ef7375c590 100644 --- a/1ki/22/52.md +++ b/1ki/22/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person's behavior is spoken of as if that person were walking along a path. Al # led Israel to sin Here the word "Israel" refers to the ten northern tribes that made up the kingdom of Israel. - diff --git a/1ki/22/53.md b/1ki/22/53.md index b142c59a18..a8315733aa 100644 --- a/1ki/22/53.md +++ b/1ki/22/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "served" and "worshiped" mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://e # the God of Israel Here the word "Israel" refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob. - diff --git a/1ki/22/intro.md b/1ki/22/intro.md index 1e8a82a3a7..bc3197c4b5 100644 --- a/1ki/22/intro.md +++ b/1ki/22/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # 1 Kings 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This is the end of the story of Ahab and a continuation of the story of Elijah as he had predicted Ahab's death and the dogs licking his blood. +This is the end of the story of Ahab and a continuation of the story of Elijah as he had predicted Ahab's death and the dogs licking his blood. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter When God has decided a person will die, then they cannot avoid death. Ahab persuaded Jehoshaphat, king of Judah to help him in a battle against the army of Aram. Ahab's false prophets all told him to go because he would be successful. But a randomly shot arrow hit him and he bled to death. They washed his chariot at the pool and the dogs licked up his blood, just as Elijah had said they would. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "However, the shrines were still not taken away. The people were still sacrificing and burning incense at the shrines." -#### "However, the shrines were still not taken away. The people were still sacrificing and burning incense at the shrines." At the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiah's reign it was decided that all sacrifices must be made only at the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ At the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiah's reign * __[1 Kings 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/1ki/front/intro.md b/1ki/front/intro.md index 3ff3592527..9df6e1a026 100644 --- a/1ki/front/intro.md +++ b/1ki/front/intro.md @@ -6,24 +6,29 @@ 1. David dies and Solomon begins to reign (1:1-2:46) 1. Solomon reigns (3:1–11:43) - - Solomon becomes wise and wealthy (3:1–4:43) - - Solomon's temple (5:1–8:66) - - Rise and fall of Solomon (9:1–11:43) + + - Solomon becomes wise and wealthy (3:1–4:43) + - Solomon's temple (5:1–8:66) + - Rise and fall of Solomon (9:1–11:43) + 1. The kingdom divides (12:1-14:31) - - Rehoboam succeeds Solomon (12:1–24) - - Jeroboam rules the northern kingdom of Israel (12:25–33) - - Ahijah prophesies against Jeroboam (13:1–14:20) - - Rehoboam's end (14:21–31) + + - Rehoboam succeeds Solomon (12:1–24) + - Jeroboam rules the northern kingdom of Israel (12:25–33) + - Ahijah prophesies against Jeroboam (13:1–14:20) + - Rehoboam's end (14:21–31) + 1. Kings and events in Israel and Judah (15:1-22:53) - - Abijah and Asa in Judah (15:1–24) - - Nadab in Israel (15:25–32) - - Baasha in Israel (15:33–16:7) - - Elah in Israel (16:8–14) - - Zimri in Israel (16:15–22) - - Omri in Israel (16:23–28) - - Ahab in Israel (16:29–22:40) - - Jehoshaphat in Judah (22:41–50) - - Ahaziah in Israel (22:51–53) + + - Abijah and Asa in Judah (15:1–24) + - Nadab in Israel (15:25–32) + - Baasha in Israel (15:33–16:7) + - Elah in Israel (16:8–14) + - Zimri in Israel (16:15–22) + - Omri in Israel (16:23–28) + - Ahab in Israel (16:29–22:40) + - Jehoshaphat in Judah (22:41–50) + - Ahaziah in Israel (22:51–53) ### What are the Books of 1 and 2 Kings about? @@ -31,7 +36,7 @@ These books are about what happened to the people of Israel, from the time of Ki In the southern kingdom, some kings did what Yahweh judged to be right. For example, King Josiah repaired the temple and reformed the worship of Yahweh. He responded to the high priest finding a copy of the Law of Yahweh in Jerusalem ([2 Kings 22–23](../../2ki/22/01.md)). However, all of the kings of the northern kingdom were wicked. -The Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C. +The Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -41,7 +46,7 @@ The Books of 1 and 2 Kings were originally one book in Hebrew. They were separat ### What was the purpose of 1 and 2 Kings? -These books were probably finished during the exile, after the Babylonians had destroyed the temple. They show how being faithful to Yahweh results in his blessing and prospering his people. Worshipping idols and not being faithful result in their being punished and destroyed. +These books were probably finished during the exile, after the Babylonians had destroyed the temple. They show how being faithful to Yahweh results in his blessing and prospering his people. Worshipping idols and not being faithful result in their being punished and destroyed. ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues @@ -60,4 +65,3 @@ The name "Israel" is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son ### Can I translate the Book of 1 Kings before I translate the Books of 1 and 2 Samuel? The Books of 1 and 2 Samuel should be translated before 1 Kings, since 1 Kings continues from where 2 Samuel ends. - diff --git a/1pe/01/01.md b/1pe/01/01.md index 603ba94246..9c74a5597c 100644 --- a/1pe/01/01.md +++ b/1pe/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Along with the other places that Peter mentions, "Cappadocia" and "Bithynia" wer # the chosen ones "the ones whom God the Father has chosen." God has chosen them according to his own foreknowledge. - diff --git a/1pe/01/02.md b/1pe/01/02.md index 302b63fabd..5bfc88dedf 100644 --- a/1pe/01/02.md +++ b/1pe/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the blood" refers to the death of Jesus. Just as Moses sprinkled blood on # May grace be to you, and may your peace increase This passage speaks of grace as if it were an object that believers could possess, and of peace as if it were something that could increase in amount. Of course, grace is in reality the kind way God acts toward believers, and peace is how believers live in safety and joy with God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/03.md b/1pe/01/03.md index 7c232ac944..fe3de16a44 100644 --- a/1pe/01/03.md +++ b/1pe/01/03.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ The words "our" and "us" refer to Peter and those to whom he is writing. (See: [ Here "new birth" is a metaphor meaning that God has changed people so that they live their lives in a new way. Here "living hope" is a metaphor meaning an enduring, confident expectation." Alternate translation: "he has caused us to live in a new way, having an enduring, confident hope" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # he has given us new birth -"he has caused us to be born again" +"he has caused us to be born again" diff --git a/1pe/01/04.md b/1pe/01/04.md index 3861c2ff71..f19484560d 100644 --- a/1pe/01/04.md +++ b/1pe/01/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Peter uses three similar phrases to describe the inheritance as something that i # It is reserved in heaven for you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God is reserving it in heaven for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/05.md b/1pe/01/05.md index 698f59ab27..46140ff4f6 100644 --- a/1pe/01/05.md +++ b/1pe/01/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God is ready to # in the last time This refers to a particular time, not to an extended period of time. This particular time is as the world as we know it is ending, before the age to come begins. - diff --git a/1pe/01/06.md b/1pe/01/06.md index ae391bfbc3..5ac86ac786 100644 --- a/1pe/01/06.md +++ b/1pe/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In this you greatly rejoice The word "this" refers to all the blessings that Peter mentions in the previous verses. - diff --git a/1pe/01/07.md b/1pe/01/07.md index 5392812afe..5ab22518e2 100644 --- a/1pe/01/07.md +++ b/1pe/01/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that "God will honor you very highly" because of your f # at the revealing of Jesus Christ "when Jesus Christ is revealed." This refers to the return of Christ. This can also be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: "when Jesus Christ appears to all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/08.md b/1pe/01/08.md index c361c920bb..26f52430f0 100644 --- a/1pe/01/08.md +++ b/1pe/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # joy that is inexpressible and filled with glory "wonderful joy that words cannot describe" - diff --git a/1pe/01/09.md b/1pe/01/09.md index 8abffb8e35..da9b907357 100644 --- a/1pe/01/09.md +++ b/1pe/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the salvation of your souls Here "soul" refers to the whole person. The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "your salvation" or "God saving you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/10.md b/1pe/01/10.md index 7616007b49..259e7c12b1 100644 --- a/1pe/01/10.md +++ b/1pe/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words present two ideas as if they were things or objects. In reality, "sa # searched diligently and examined carefully The words "searched diligently" and "examined carefully" mean basically the same thing. Together these words emphasize how hard the prophets tried to understand this salvation. Alternate translation: "carefully searched to know all about this salvation" or "carefully examined everything about this salvation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/11.md b/1pe/01/11.md index 13a52cd603..c8adf96b56 100644 --- a/1pe/01/11.md +++ b/1pe/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "trying to learn" or 2) "trying to make known." # the Spirit of Christ This is a reference to the Holy Spirit. - diff --git a/1pe/01/12.md b/1pe/01/12.md index 4e8b6337f2..6147702e28 100644 --- a/1pe/01/12.md +++ b/1pe/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God revealed to the p # into which angels long to look "that angels want to understand" - diff --git a/1pe/01/13.md b/1pe/01/13.md index 4b2601f7fa..a115603376 100644 --- a/1pe/01/13.md +++ b/1pe/01/13.md @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ Girding up the loins refers to preparing to work hard. It comes from the custom Here the word "sober" refers to mental clarity and alertness. Alternate translation: "Control your thoughts" or "Be careful about what you think" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # Put your hope fully on the grace that will be brought to you + Peter tells Christians to confidently wait to receive God's grace. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Confidently wait for the grace that God will bring to you" or "Fully trust in the grace that God will bring to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # the grace that will be brought to you @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ God's way of dealing kindly with believers is spoken of as if it were an object # when Jesus Christ is revealed This refers to when Christ returns. This can also be expressed with an active form. See how you translated this in [1 Peter 1:7](../01/07.md). Alternate translation: "when Jesus Christ appears to all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/14.md b/1pe/01/14.md index 554741ef7f..e24717b7cf 100644 --- a/1pe/01/14.md +++ b/1pe/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not conform yourselves to the desires "do not desire the same things" Alternate translation: "do not live to gratify the desires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/15.md b/1pe/01/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1pe/01/15.md +++ b/1pe/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1pe/01/16.md b/1pe/01/16.md index c1cf2cd9f8..13a4bd2880 100644 --- a/1pe/01/16.md +++ b/1pe/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to God's message in the scripture. This can be stated in active form # Be holy, because I am holy Here the word "I" refers to God. - diff --git a/1pe/01/17.md b/1pe/01/17.md index 1d895a4f77..0216680f79 100644 --- a/1pe/01/17.md +++ b/1pe/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # conduct yourselves in fear during your time here as foreigners. Christians living their lives on earth is spoken of as if they were living in a land far away from their home. Alternate translation: "be reverent while you are living your life on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/18.md b/1pe/01/18.md index d305fd9c1c..0104fb86fc 100644 --- a/1pe/01/18.md +++ b/1pe/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you have been redeemed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has redeemed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/19.md b/1pe/01/19.md index 120434ed74..df1809efff 100644 --- a/1pe/01/19.md +++ b/1pe/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus died as a sacrifice so that God would forgive people's sins. This phrase s # without blemish or spot Peter expresses the same idea in two different ways to emphasize Christ's purity. Alternate translation: "with no imperfections" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/20.md b/1pe/01/20.md index a2d4922139..ae4a7fb7c3 100644 --- a/1pe/01/20.md +++ b/1pe/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has revealed him # he has been revealed to you Peter does not mean that his readers have actually seen Christ, but that they have learned the truth about him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/21.md b/1pe/01/21.md index 7acd557779..652da843f6 100644 --- a/1pe/01/21.md +++ b/1pe/01/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive ag # your faith and hope are in God Here "hope" means "a confident expectation." Alternate translation: "your faith and trust are in God" or "you believe in God and trust him" - diff --git a/1pe/01/22.md b/1pe/01/22.md index 524b1057bd..5c05581fed 100644 --- a/1pe/01/22.md +++ b/1pe/01/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to love between fellow believers. # love one another earnestly from a pure heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's thoughts or emotions. To love someone "from a pure heart" means to love some one completely with total commitment. Alternate translation: "love one another earnestly and completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/23.md b/1pe/01/23.md index a5dc69ffe5..7285e4c3ca 100644 --- a/1pe/01/23.md +++ b/1pe/01/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ seed that will not rot or dry up or die # through the living and remaining word of God Peter speaks of God's word as if it were alive forever. In reality, it is God who lives forever, and whose instructions and promises last eternally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/24.md b/1pe/01/24.md index 2b6050caf6..056b9483d8 100644 --- a/1pe/01/24.md +++ b/1pe/01/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "flesh" refers to humanity. The prophet Isaiah compares humanity to gra # glory is like the wild flower of the grass Here the word "glory" refers to beauty or goodness. Isaiah compares the things that people consider to be good or beautiful about humanity to flowers that die quickly. Alternate translation: "goodness soon stops, just as flowers soon die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/25.md b/1pe/01/25.md index a466e5dfc4..faa3d3ae15 100644 --- a/1pe/01/25.md +++ b/1pe/01/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the gospel that was preached This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the gospel that we preached" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/01/intro.md b/1pe/01/intro.md index b7355d0371..6c65167fa2 100644 --- a/1pe/01/intro.md +++ b/1pe/01/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,28 @@ # 1 Peter 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Peter formally introduces this letter in verses 1-2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 1:24-25. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### What God reveals +### What God reveals When Jesus comes again, everyone will see how good God's people were to have faith in Jesus. Then God's people will see how gracious God has been to them, and all people will praise both God and his people. -#### Holiness +### Holiness God wants his people to be holy because God is holy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) -#### Eternity +### Eternity Peter tells Christians to live for things that will last forever and not to live for the things of this world, which will end. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Peter writes that his readers are glad and sad at the same time ([1 Peter 1:6](./06.md)). He can say this because they are sad because they are suffering, but they are glad because they know that God will save them "in the last time" ([1 Peter 1:5](./05.md)) @@ -32,4 +32,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Pet * __[1 Peter intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1pe/02/01.md b/1pe/02/01.md index d4411ab93e..cdd3c0f239 100644 --- a/1pe/02/01.md +++ b/1pe/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter continues teaching his readers about holiness and obedience. # Therefore put aside all evil, all deceit, hypocrisy, envy, and all slander These sinful actions are spoken of as if they were objects that people could throw away. The word "Therefore" here refers back to everything that Peter has said about being holy and obedient. Alternate translation: "So then, stop being evil, deceptive, hypocritical, envious, and slanderous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/02.md b/1pe/02/02.md index fd4b2ea24c..14aa4d92e3 100644 --- a/1pe/02/02.md +++ b/1pe/02/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "salvation" refers to when God brings the salvation of his people # grow Peter speaks of believers advancing in knowledge of God and faithfulness to him as if they were children growing up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/03.md b/1pe/02/03.md index 2ce54ae612..d3c3e7b335 100644 --- a/1pe/02/03.md +++ b/1pe/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if you have tasted that the Lord is kind Here to taste means to experience something personally. Alternate translation: "if you have experienced the Lord's kindness toward you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/04.md b/1pe/02/04.md index 4a5ac45edb..76eb70348b 100644 --- a/1pe/02/04.md +++ b/1pe/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that people have reje # but that has been chosen by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but that God has chosen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/05.md b/1pe/02/05.md index 14bde4eba3..d2fec9c126 100644 --- a/1pe/02/05.md +++ b/1pe/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God is building # a holy priesthood that offers the spiritual sacrifices Here the position of priesthood stands for the priests who fulfill its duties. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/06.md b/1pe/02/06.md index 56debdec42..f46b4edb81 100644 --- a/1pe/02/06.md +++ b/1pe/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God is the one who chose the stone. Alternate translation: "a most important cor # a cornerstone The prophet speaks of the Messiah as the most important stone in a building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/07.md b/1pe/02/07.md index ae88bf2ccc..f46e62a624 100644 --- a/1pe/02/07.md +++ b/1pe/02/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The stone that the bu # the head of the corner This refers to the most important stone in a building and means basically the same thing as "cornerstone" in [1 Peter 2:6](../02/06.md). - diff --git a/1pe/02/08.md b/1pe/02/08.md index 54bb5c5d99..91bdab19d0 100644 --- a/1pe/02/08.md +++ b/1pe/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the word" refers to the gospel message. To disobey means to not believe. A # which is what they were appointed to do This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for which God also appointed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/09.md b/1pe/02/09.md index eeac8fb6eb..2c5c410244 100644 --- a/1pe/02/09.md +++ b/1pe/02/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "a group of priests who are also kings" or 2) "a group # from darkness into his marvelous light Here "darkness" refers to their condition as sinful people who did not know God, and "light" refers to their condition as people who do know God and practice righteousness. Alternate translation: "from a life of sin and ignorance of God to a life of knowing and pleasing him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/10.md b/1pe/02/10.md index 8df379a6ce..d479b34344 100644 --- a/1pe/02/10.md +++ b/1pe/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here Peter quotes a verse from the prophet Hosea. Some modern versions do not format this as a quote, which is also acceptable. - diff --git a/1pe/02/11.md b/1pe/02/11.md index f22f66bcc2..7cbfc27e38 100644 --- a/1pe/02/11.md +++ b/1pe/02/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the idea of flesh refers to the sinful nature of humanity in this fallen wo # fight against your soul Here the word "soul" refers to a person's spiritual life. Peter speaks of sinful desires as soldiers that are trying to destroy the spiritual life of believers. Alternate translation: "seek to destroy your spiritual life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/12.md b/1pe/02/12.md index 1aa50a7045..01f3743be5 100644 --- a/1pe/02/12.md +++ b/1pe/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "deeds" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: # on the day when he appears "on the day when he comes." This refers to the day when God will judge all people. Alternate translation: "when he comes to judge everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/13.md b/1pe/02/13.md index 6a7c009d03..c030865338 100644 --- a/1pe/02/13.md +++ b/1pe/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that by obeying human authorities, they are obeying the # the king as supreme "the king as the highest human authority" - diff --git a/1pe/02/14.md b/1pe/02/14.md index 156a1cafe4..d4d91349c4 100644 --- a/1pe/02/14.md +++ b/1pe/02/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who are sent for the punishment The abstract noun "punishment" can be translated using the verb "punish," and the idea can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the king has sent to punish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/15.md b/1pe/02/15.md index bd3ff483c7..ef9bf1d26b 100644 --- a/1pe/02/15.md +++ b/1pe/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in doing good you silence the ignorant talk of foolish people "by doing good you stop foolish people from speaking about things that they do not know" - diff --git a/1pe/02/16.md b/1pe/02/16.md index 6dc93bc048..178cdb00b9 100644 --- a/1pe/02/16.md +++ b/1pe/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as a covering for wickedness Peter speaks of their condition as free people as something that they should not use to hide sinful behavior. Alternate translation: "as an excuse to do wicked things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/17.md b/1pe/02/17.md index fbad5ca41d..2308883db0 100644 --- a/1pe/02/17.md +++ b/1pe/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the brotherhood This refers to all Christian believers. - diff --git a/1pe/02/18.md b/1pe/02/18.md index 143091eecf..525fed65e1 100644 --- a/1pe/02/18.md +++ b/1pe/02/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "good" and "gentle" share similar meanings and emphasize that suc # the malicious ones "the cruel ones" or "the mean ones" - diff --git a/1pe/02/19.md b/1pe/02/19.md index 6471ba3482..2725285473 100644 --- a/1pe/02/19.md +++ b/1pe/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because he is conscious of God, a person endures sorrows while suffering unjustly This person accepts unjust suffering because he knows that he is obeying God. - diff --git a/1pe/02/20.md b/1pe/02/20.md index 962a85e46a..788435b23a 100644 --- a/1pe/02/20.md +++ b/1pe/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter asks this question to emphasize that there is nothing praiseworthy about s # while being afflicted Here the word "afflicted" is a metonym for "punished." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "while someone afflicts you" or "while someone punishes you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] or [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/21.md b/1pe/02/21.md index 6ecd99ff2e..ed9fd8797f 100644 --- a/1pe/02/21.md +++ b/1pe/02/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "this" refers to believers enduring while suffering for doing good # for you to follow in his steps "so that you would follow his footprints." Peter speaks of following Jesus's example in the way that they suffer as if one were walking on the same path that Jesus had taken. Alternate translation: "so that you would imitate his behavior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/22.md b/1pe/02/22.md index b75525b4fe..9aa6cc222f 100644 --- a/1pe/02/22.md +++ b/1pe/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "neither did anyone fi # neither was any deceit found in his mouth Here "deceit" refers to words that a person speaks that are intended to deceive other people. Alternate translation: "neither did he speak any lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/23.md b/1pe/02/23.md index 09c278a833..ba3049b95b 100644 --- a/1pe/02/23.md +++ b/1pe/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When people insulted # he gave himself over to the one who judges justly "he entrusted himself to the one who judges justly." This means that he trusted God to take away his shame, which had been put on him by those who treated him harshly. - diff --git a/1pe/02/24.md b/1pe/02/24.md index 2147540be2..73ed47697c 100644 --- a/1pe/02/24.md +++ b/1pe/02/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a reference to the cross on which Jesus died, which was made of wood. (S # By his bruises you have been healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has healed you because people bruised him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/25.md b/1pe/02/25.md index 08ab54c46d..9291fc6b12 100644 --- a/1pe/02/25.md +++ b/1pe/02/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter compares his readers' actions before they had believed in Christ to the wa # the shepherd ... of your souls The word "shepherd" is a metaphor for a person who protects another, and the word "souls" is a metonym for the people themselves. Alternate translation: "your shepherd..." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/02/intro.md b/1pe/02/intro.md index 70872a3629..7e009c7df3 100644 --- a/1pe/02/intro.md +++ b/1pe/02/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # 1 Peter 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 2:6, 7, 8, and 22. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Stones +### Stones Peter uses a building made of large stones as a metaphor for the church. Jesus is the cornerstone, the most important stone. The apostles and prophets are the foundation, the part of the building on which all the other stones rest. In this chapter, Christians are the stones that make up the walls of the building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/cornerstone]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/foundation]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Milk and babies +### Milk and babies When Peter tells his readers to "long for pure spiritual milk," he is using the metaphor of a baby craving his mother's milk. Peter wants Christians to crave God's word the same way a baby craves milk. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ When Peter tells his readers to "long for pure spiritual milk," he is using the * __[1 Peter 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1pe/03/01.md b/1pe/03/01.md index 9a163cdc3d..f31193cc1f 100644 --- a/1pe/03/01.md +++ b/1pe/03/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "the word" refers to the gospel message. To disobey means that they do not # without a word "without the wife saying a word." Here "a word" refers to anything the wife might speak about Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/02.md b/1pe/03/02.md index 473dd7143c..966ecfad6b 100644 --- a/1pe/03/02.md +++ b/1pe/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "behavior" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translatio # your respectful, pure behavior Possible meanings are 1) "your sincere behavior toward them and the way that you honor them" or 2) "your pure behavior toward them and the way that you honor God." - diff --git a/1pe/03/03.md b/1pe/03/03.md index 04bab9af2b..e81062c505 100644 --- a/1pe/03/03.md +++ b/1pe/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter continues speaking to women who are wives. # your adornment "the things that make you beautiful" or "your beauty" - diff --git a/1pe/03/04.md b/1pe/03/04.md index b20308ded0..c247d7a0ec 100644 --- a/1pe/03/04.md +++ b/1pe/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# the inner person of the heart +# the inner person of the heart Here the words "inner person" and "heart" refer to the inward character and personality of a person. Alternate translation: "what you really are on the inside" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "inner person" and "heart" refer to the inward character and pers # which is precious before God Peter speaks of God's opinion of a person as if that person were standing directly in front of him. Alternate translation: "which God considers to be precious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/05.md b/1pe/03/05.md index 3e659f0020..f8b3563d68 100644 --- a/1pe/03/05.md +++ b/1pe/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who hoped in God The holy women confidently expected that God would do what he promised to do. Alternate translation: "who fully trusted God" - diff --git a/1pe/03/06.md b/1pe/03/06.md index 982223e742..bddcdd64c9 100644 --- a/1pe/03/06.md +++ b/1pe/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ said that he was her lord, that is, her master # You are now her children Peter says that believing women who act as Sarah acted can be thought of as if they were her actual children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/07.md b/1pe/03/07.md index d26ae8d70d..0c69dd604d 100644 --- a/1pe/03/07.md +++ b/1pe/03/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "this" refers to the ways husbands should treat their wives. Alternate tran # so that your prayers will not be hindered To "hinder" is to prevent something from happening. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that nothing will hinder your prayers" or "so that nothing will keep you from praying as you should" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/08.md b/1pe/03/08.md index 0b6753c819..faf94b9d43 100644 --- a/1pe/03/08.md +++ b/1pe/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter begins to speak again to all of the believers. # tenderhearted being gentle and compassionate towards others - diff --git a/1pe/03/09.md b/1pe/03/09.md index 95aa971a6d..3d8877966e 100644 --- a/1pe/03/09.md +++ b/1pe/03/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God called you for th # that you might inherit a blessing Peter speaks of receiving God's blessing as receiving an inheritance. Alternate translation: "that you might receive God's blessing as your permanent possession" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/10.md b/1pe/03/10.md index 835b0dcf29..64056aa4d0 100644 --- a/1pe/03/10.md +++ b/1pe/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here experiencing good things is spoken of as seeing good days. The word "days" # stop his tongue from evil and his lips from speaking deceit The words "tongue" and "lips" refer to the person who is speaking. The phrases "his tongue from evil" and "his lips from speaking deceit" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the command not to lie. Alternate translation: "stop himself from saying evil and deceitful things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/11.md b/1pe/03/11.md index b33884637b..2ed6cb1dc1 100644 --- a/1pe/03/11.md +++ b/1pe/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let him turn away from what is bad Here "turn away" is a metaphor that means to stop doing something. Alternate translation: "Let him stop doing what is bad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/12.md b/1pe/03/12.md index 992a9152de..889d815c2d 100644 --- a/1pe/03/12.md +++ b/1pe/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "ears" refers to the Lord's awareness of what people say. That the Lord # the face of the Lord is against The word "face" refers to the Lord's will to oppose his enemies. Opposing someone is spoken of as setting one's face against that person. Alternate translation: "the Lord opposes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/13.md b/1pe/03/13.md index d23c6dc836..3cd5cdf99b 100644 --- a/1pe/03/13.md +++ b/1pe/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter continues teaching the believers how to live Christian lives. # Who is the one who will harm you if you are eager to do what is good? Peter asks this question to emphasize that it is unlikely that someone would harm them if they do good things. Alternate translation: "No one will harm you if you do good things." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/14.md b/1pe/03/14.md index 739aa0715f..153f8332df 100644 --- a/1pe/03/14.md +++ b/1pe/03/14.md @@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that believers should not # their threats -Here the word "their" refers to anyone who might try to harm those to whom Peter is writing. - +Here the word "their" refers to anyone who might try to harm those to whom Peter is writing. diff --git a/1pe/03/15.md b/1pe/03/15.md index 29b994762f..4b3499e192 100644 --- a/1pe/03/15.md +++ b/1pe/03/15.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ The phrase "set apart the Lord Christ ... as holy" is a metaphor for acknowledging Christ's holiness. Here "hearts" is a metonym for the "inner person." Alternate translation: "acknowledge within yourselves that the Lord Christ is holy" or "honor the Lord Christ as holy within yourselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # about the hope you have -Here "hope" means "a confident expectation." Alternate translation: "about why you have confidence in God" or "about what you are confidently expecting God to do for you" +Here "hope" means "a confident expectation." Alternate translation: "about why you have confidence in God" or "about what you are confidently expecting God to do for you" diff --git a/1pe/03/16.md b/1pe/03/16.md index 3e1a00814c..2412666642 100644 --- a/1pe/03/16.md +++ b/1pe/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # however, with meekness and respect This describes how Christias should answer people who ask about their hope. Alternate translation: "but do this with gentleness and respect" - diff --git a/1pe/03/17.md b/1pe/03/17.md index 510ba24cd8..074ee061f5 100644 --- a/1pe/03/17.md +++ b/1pe/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if it should be God's will This statement is hypothetical. Peter is saying that it is sometimes God's will that his people suffer, but it is not always God's will. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/18.md b/1pe/03/18.md index ca34d321bd..720b8b21d5 100644 --- a/1pe/03/18.md +++ b/1pe/03/18.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ Peter probably means here that Christ died in order to create a close relationsh Here "flesh" refers to Christ's body; Christ was physically put to death. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People put Christ to death physically" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # he was made alive by the Spirit -Possible meanings are 1) the Holy Spirit made Jesus alive. Alternate translation: "the Spirit made him alive" or 2) Jesus now had a spiritual body that would never die. Alternate translation: "he was made alive in the spirit" or "he was made alive with a spiritual body" +Possible meanings are 1) the Holy Spirit made Jesus alive. Alternate translation: "the Spirit made him alive" or 2) Jesus now had a spiritual body that would never die. Alternate translation: "he was made alive in the spirit" or "he was made alive with a spiritual body" diff --git a/1pe/03/19.md b/1pe/03/19.md index faed3c0458..f02a11f516 100644 --- a/1pe/03/19.md +++ b/1pe/03/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "By the Holy Spirit's power, he went" or 2) "In his spi # the spirits who are now in prison Possible meanings of the word "spirits" are 1) "evil spirits" or 2) "spirits of the dead people." - diff --git a/1pe/03/20.md b/1pe/03/20.md index aed1465181..062d29f473 100644 --- a/1pe/03/20.md +++ b/1pe/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's patience is a metonym for God himself. Peter writes of God's patience as i # in the days of Noah, in the days of the building of an ark This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "during the time of Noah, when he was building an ark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/03/21.md b/1pe/03/21.md index 47e6fc060e..5f32e9ecc6 100644 --- a/1pe/03/21.md +++ b/1pe/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # through the resurrection of Jesus Christ "because of the resurrection of Jesus Christ." This phrase completes the thought, "This is a symbol of the baptism that saves you now." - diff --git a/1pe/03/22.md b/1pe/03/22.md index 4cb7fc63ca..6c9ab01d59 100644 --- a/1pe/03/22.md +++ b/1pe/03/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To be at the "right hand of God" is a symbol that God has given Jesus the greate # submit to him "submit to Jesus Christ" - diff --git a/1pe/03/intro.md b/1pe/03/intro.md index aafaba5772..51d0231850 100644 --- a/1pe/03/intro.md +++ b/1pe/03/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # 1 Peter 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 3:10-12. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Outward ornaments" +### "Outward ornaments" Most people want to look good so other people will like them and think they are good people. Women are especially careful to look good by wearing nice clothes and jewels. Peter is saying that what a woman thinks and says and does are more important to God than how she looks. -#### Unity +### Unity Peter wanted his readers to agree with each other. More importantly, he wanted them to love each other and be patient with each other. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Peter quotes a psalm that describes God as if he were a person with eyes, ears, and a face. However, God is a spirit, so he does not have physical eyes or ears or a physical face. But he does know what people do, and he does act against wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Peter quotes a psalm that describes God as if he were a person with eyes, ears, * __[1 Peter 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1pe/04/01.md b/1pe/04/01.md index b4ac7fc2e3..8a17b0c48e 100644 --- a/1pe/04/01.md +++ b/1pe/04/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "arm yourselves" makes readers think of soldiers who get their weapon # has ceased from sin "has stopped sinning" - diff --git a/1pe/04/02.md b/1pe/04/02.md index 7a64a65401..31eaf38a90 100644 --- a/1pe/04/02.md +++ b/1pe/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for men's desires for the things that sinful people normally desire - diff --git a/1pe/04/03.md b/1pe/04/03.md index 1eaa209c1d..52e326020b 100644 --- a/1pe/04/03.md +++ b/1pe/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter wanted the believers to stop doing the sinful things the Gentiles did. He # drunken celebrations, having wild parties These terms refer to activities in which people gather to drink too much alcohol and behave in a shameful manner. - diff --git a/1pe/04/04.md b/1pe/04/04.md index 89c6178825..cf7d35cbb9 100644 --- a/1pe/04/04.md +++ b/1pe/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These examples of wild, boundless sin are spoken of as if they were great floods # reckless behavior doing everything they can to satisfy the desires of their bodies - diff --git a/1pe/04/05.md b/1pe/04/05.md index f6c7f8959f..ed8fe113da 100644 --- a/1pe/04/05.md +++ b/1pe/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "God, who is ready to judge" or 2) "Christ, who is read # the living and the dead This means all people, whether they are still alive or have died. Alternate translation: "every person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1pe/04/06.md b/1pe/04/06.md index 5a954b8041..9bcf38807b 100644 --- a/1pe/04/06.md +++ b/1pe/04/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a reference to death as the ultimate form of judgment. (See: [[rc://en/t # live in the spirit the way God does Possible meanings are 1) "live spiritually as God lives because the Holy Spirit will enable them to do so" or 2) "live according to God's standards by the power of the Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/1pe/04/07.md b/1pe/04/07.md index 0c6a8f423b..072b155b47 100644 --- a/1pe/04/07.md +++ b/1pe/04/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Peter uses them to emphasize th # be sober in your thinking Here the word "sober" refers to mental clarity and alertness. See how you translated this in [1 Peter 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: "control your thoughts" or "be careful about what you think" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1pe/04/08.md b/1pe/04/08.md index 8d7d46be62..b858a9dc76 100644 --- a/1pe/04/08.md +++ b/1pe/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for love covers a multitude of sins Peter describes "love" as if it were a person who places a cover over the sins of others. Possible meanings are 1) "for a person who loves will not try to find out if another person has sinned" or 2) "for a person who loves will forgive the sins of other people, even if those sins are many" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/04/09.md b/1pe/04/09.md index 22201035ac..d47f0c8ab4 100644 --- a/1pe/04/09.md +++ b/1pe/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Be hospitable Show kindness to and welcome guests and travelers - diff --git a/1pe/04/10.md b/1pe/04/10.md index e5d6f93699..f59e928ff8 100644 --- a/1pe/04/10.md +++ b/1pe/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As each one of you has received a gift This refers to special spiritual abilities that God gives to believers. Alternate translation: "Because each one of you has received a special spiritual ability as a gift from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1pe/04/11.md b/1pe/04/11.md index a2d16a4565..5a2e3ca00f 100644 --- a/1pe/04/11.md +++ b/1pe/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that in all ways y # glorified praised, honored - diff --git a/1pe/04/12.md b/1pe/04/12.md index 7b6d9d0ff4..0048405a5c 100644 --- a/1pe/04/12.md +++ b/1pe/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the testing in the fire that has come upon you In the same way that fire refines gold, trials test and refine a person's faith. Alternate translation: "the difficult trial that you are experiencing" or "your troubles that are like a test by fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/04/13.md b/1pe/04/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1pe/04/13.md +++ b/1pe/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1pe/04/14.md b/1pe/04/14.md index 73bcba0251..7d6c5e50f7 100644 --- a/1pe/04/14.md +++ b/1pe/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# If you are insulted for Christ's name, +# If you are insulted for Christ's name, Here the word "name" refers to Christ himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If people insulted you because you believe in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: "the Spirit of glory, who # rests on you "is with you" or "stays with you" or "lives with you" - diff --git a/1pe/04/15.md b/1pe/04/15.md index 7fbab9f548..af3af0421d 100644 --- a/1pe/04/15.md +++ b/1pe/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a meddler This refers to a person who gets involved with the affairs of others without having a right to do so. - diff --git a/1pe/04/16.md b/1pe/04/16.md index fcc4390646..e637699d1f 100644 --- a/1pe/04/16.md +++ b/1pe/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with that name "because he bears the name Christian" or "because people have recognized him as a Christian." The words "that name" refer to the word "Christian." - diff --git a/1pe/04/17.md b/1pe/04/17.md index 9bf5f19072..8d817fa312 100644 --- a/1pe/04/17.md +++ b/1pe/04/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Peter use this question to emphasize that God's judgment will be more severe for # those who disobey God's gospel "those who do not believe God's gospel." Here the word "disobey" means to not believe. - diff --git a/1pe/04/18.md b/1pe/04/18.md index d3723b7740..6cf5cfa171 100644 --- a/1pe/04/18.md +++ b/1pe/04/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "saved" refers to final salvation when Christ returns. This can be # the ungodly and the sinner The "the ungodly" is a nominal adjective that means "the ungodly person." The words "ungodly" and "sinner" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the wickedness of these people. Alternate translation: "ungodly sinners" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1pe/04/19.md b/1pe/04/19.md index 6d58556002..b2c1a9a61e 100644 --- a/1pe/04/19.md +++ b/1pe/04/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "souls" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "commit # in well-doing The abstract noun "well-doing" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "while they do good" or "while they live rightly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1pe/04/intro.md b/1pe/04/intro.md index c2846d853d..9d574d63a2 100644 --- a/1pe/04/intro.md +++ b/1pe/04/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,22 @@ # 1 Peter 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 4:18. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Ungodly Gentiles +### Ungodly Gentiles This passage uses the term "Gentiles" to refer to all ungodly people who are not Jews. It does not include Gentiles who have become Christians. "Sensuality, passion, drunkenness, drunken celebrations, having wild parties, and committing disgusting acts of idolatry" were actions that characterized or typified the ungodly Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) -#### Martyrdom +### Martyrdom + It is apparent that Peter is speaking to many Christians who are experiencing great persecution and are facing death for their beliefs. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Let it" and "Let none" and "Let him" and "Let those" +### "Let it" and "Let none" and "Let him" and "Let those" Peter uses these phrases to tell his readers what he wants them to do. They are like commands because he wants his readers to obey. But it is as if he is telling one person what he wants other people to do. @@ -24,4 +25,3 @@ Peter uses these phrases to tell his readers what he wants them to do. They are * __[1 Peter 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1pe/05/01.md b/1pe/05/01.md index 9291450073..d275942ff2 100644 --- a/1pe/05/01.md +++ b/1pe/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter speaks specifically to men who are elders. # the glory that will be revealed This is a reference to Christ's second coming. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the glory of Christ that God will reveal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/02.md b/1pe/05/02.md index 26fac2420f..c2e4c99f5c 100644 --- a/1pe/05/02.md +++ b/1pe/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Be shepherds of God's flock Peter speaks of the believers as a flock of sheep and the elders as the shepherds who care for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/03.md b/1pe/05/03.md index 1f4ed9be53..0d9a08ee5f 100644 --- a/1pe/05/03.md +++ b/1pe/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elders are to lead by example and not act toward the people as a harsh master wo # those allotted to you You can translate this in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom God has placed in your care" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/04.md b/1pe/05/04.md index be6d1aae06..f5e645613d 100644 --- a/1pe/05/04.md +++ b/1pe/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter speaks of Jesus as if he were a shepherd who has authority over all other # an unfading crown of glory Here the word "crown" represents the reward that someone receives as a symbol of victory. The word "unfading" means that it is eternal. Alternate translation: "a glorious prize that will last forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/05.md b/1pe/05/05.md index 030ad275d2..bd85a897c3 100644 --- a/1pe/05/05.md +++ b/1pe/05/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to all believers, not just the younger men. # clothe yourselves with humility Peter speaks of the moral quality of humility as if it were clothing that people could put on. Alternate translation: "act humbly toward each other" or "act with humility" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/06.md b/1pe/05/06.md index 0a1767ea27..47f6eaea9c 100644 --- a/1pe/05/06.md +++ b/1pe/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # under God's mighty hand so Here the word "hand" refers to God's power to save the humble and punish the proud. Alternate translation: "under God's great power so" or "before God, realizing that he has great power, so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/07.md b/1pe/05/07.md index 4da9882c48..e7e427cf04 100644 --- a/1pe/05/07.md +++ b/1pe/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Cast all your anxiety on him Peter speaks of anxiety as if it were a heavy burden that a person places on God, rather than carrying it himself. Alternate translation: "Trust him with everything that worries you" or "Let him take care of all the things that trouble you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/08.md b/1pe/05/08.md index 06dccd5be7..5fbab423c5 100644 --- a/1pe/05/08.md +++ b/1pe/05/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter compares the devil to a roaring lion. Just as a hungry lion completely dev # walking around The context indicates that this is part of the simile of the "roaring lion," so if your language has a word for the way an animal walks when it is hunting, you may use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/09.md b/1pe/05/09.md index 9d9eb76fd5..75ca0aff51 100644 --- a/1pe/05/09.md +++ b/1pe/05/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter speaks of fellow believers as members of the same family. Alternate transl # in the world "in various places throughout the world" - diff --git a/1pe/05/10.md b/1pe/05/10.md index c780fb993a..4e11c98078 100644 --- a/1pe/05/10.md +++ b/1pe/05/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "grace" may refer either to the things that God gives or to God's # confirm you, strengthen you These two expressions have similar meanings, that is, that God will enable the believers to trust in him and to obey him regardless of any suffering they may experience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/11.md b/1pe/05/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1pe/05/11.md +++ b/1pe/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1pe/05/12.md b/1pe/05/12.md index 1b9bb8f66a..ce85108289 100644 --- a/1pe/05/12.md +++ b/1pe/05/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Silvanus wrote the words that Peter told him to write in the letter. # Stand in it The word "it" refers to "the true grace of God." Being strongly committed to this grace is spoken of as standing firmly in one place, refusing to move. Alternate translation: "Remain strongly committed to it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/13.md b/1pe/05/13.md index f56c901fa7..bfcb54fb7b 100644 --- a/1pe/05/13.md +++ b/1pe/05/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God has chosen a # my son Peter speaks of Mark as if he were his spiritual son. Alternate translation: "my spiritual son" or "who is like a son to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1pe/05/14.md b/1pe/05/14.md index 1c9695f7f4..3774897548 100644 --- a/1pe/05/14.md +++ b/1pe/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a kiss of love "a loving kiss" or "a kiss to show your love for each other" - diff --git a/1pe/05/intro.md b/1pe/05/intro.md index 6e5497e1b9..8a909be917 100644 --- a/1pe/05/intro.md +++ b/1pe/05/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # 1 Peter 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Most people in the ancient Near East would end a letter the way Peter ends this one. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Crowns +### Crowns The crown that the Chief Shepherd will give is a reward, something that people who do something especially good receive. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Lion +### Lion All animals are afraid of lions because they are fast and strong, and they eat almost every other kind of animal. They also eat people. Satan wants to make God's people afraid, so Peter uses the simile of a lion to teach his readers that Satan can harm their bodies, but if they trust in God and obey him, they will always be God's people, and God will care for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) -#### Babylon +### Babylon Babylon was the evil nation that in Old Testament times had destroyed Jerusalem, taken the Jews away from their homes, and ruled over them. Peter uses Babylon as a metaphor for the nation that was persecuting the Christians he was writing to. Many scholars think that Peter was referring to Rome because the Romans were persecuting the Christians. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Babylon was the evil nation that in Old Testament times had destroyed Jerusalem, * __[1 Peter 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/1pe/front/intro.md b/1pe/front/intro.md index 22d2c7a2ea..fb198d9734 100644 --- a/1pe/front/intro.md +++ b/1pe/front/intro.md @@ -9,15 +9,14 @@ 1. Christian living (2:11-4:11) 1. Encouragement to persevere when suffering (4:12-5:11) 1. Closing (5:12-14) - ### Who wrote the Book of 1 Peter? -The Book of 1 Peter was written by the apostle Peter. He wrote the letter to Gentile Christians scattered throughout Asia Minor. +The Book of 1 Peter was written by the apostle Peter. He wrote the letter to Gentile Christians scattered throughout Asia Minor. ### What is the Book of 1 Peter about? -Peter stated that he wrote this letter for the purpose of "encouraging you and testifying that this is the true grace of God" (5:12). +Peter stated that he wrote this letter for the purpose of "encouraging you and testifying that this is the true grace of God" (5:12). He encouraged Christians to continue obeying God even when they were suffering. He told them to do this because Jesus would return soon. Peter also gave instructions about Christians submitting to persons in authority. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -33,6 +32,7 @@ Peter probably was in Rome when he wrote this letter. He gave Rome the symbolic ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues ### Singular and plural "you" + In this book, the word "I" refers to Peter, except in two places: [1 Peter 1:16](../01/16.md) and [1 Peter 2:6](../02/06.md). The word "you" is always plural and refers to Peter's audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) ### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of 1 Peter? @@ -42,4 +42,3 @@ In this book, the word "I" refers to Peter, except in two places: [1 Peter 1:16] If translations of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the readings found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/01.md b/1sa/01/01.md index 462369c33d..6678bd10cd 100644 --- a/1sa/01/01.md +++ b/1sa/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a people group that descended from Zuph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # Elkanah ... Jeroham ... Elihu ... Tohu ... Zuph These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/02.md b/1sa/01/02.md index 4b53d46d0f..c784e18117 100644 --- a/1sa/01/02.md +++ b/1sa/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Peninnah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/03.md b/1sa/01/03.md index 1ced7e54dc..621a221f99 100644 --- a/1sa/01/03.md +++ b/1sa/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # Eli, Hophni and Phinehas These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/04.md b/1sa/01/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/01/04.md +++ b/1sa/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/01/05.md b/1sa/01/05.md index 3e9483d563..2399e919af 100644 --- a/1sa/01/05.md +++ b/1sa/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a woman's name. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 1:2](../01/02.m # closed her womb "made her barren" or "prevented her from becoming pregnant" - diff --git a/1sa/01/06.md b/1sa/01/06.md index c2577a0f45..708f80b03a 100644 --- a/1sa/01/06.md +++ b/1sa/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Her rival provoked her severely The other wife would often grieve and shame Hannah. - diff --git a/1sa/01/07.md b/1sa/01/07.md index ba5f0fbb1a..71de336eb6 100644 --- a/1sa/01/07.md +++ b/1sa/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her rival This is Peninnah, the other wife of Elkanah. A rival is someone who competes against another person. In this case Peninnah was competing against Hannah to try to get Elkanah to love her best. - diff --git a/1sa/01/08.md b/1sa/01/08.md index 90af723000..3949b43c23 100644 --- a/1sa/01/08.md +++ b/1sa/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements, if necessary. Altern # than ten sons Elkanah is exaggerating to emphasize how important Hannah is to him. Alternate translation: "than any son could be" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/09.md b/1sa/01/09.md index 8809b8c87d..4257fe7856 100644 --- a/1sa/01/09.md +++ b/1sa/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Implicit information here can be made explicit. Either Hannah's tent was next to # the temple of Yahweh The "temple" was actually a tent, but it was where the people worshiped, so it is best to translate as "temple" here. - diff --git a/1sa/01/10.md b/1sa/01/10.md index 37bd7445f3..e659214aff 100644 --- a/1sa/01/10.md +++ b/1sa/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She was deeply distressed Hannah was deeply troubled or grieved because of not having any children and being ridiculed regularly by Peninnah, her husband's other wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/11.md b/1sa/01/11.md index d956c134d8..08eb0545f1 100644 --- a/1sa/01/11.md +++ b/1sa/01/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a special plea to God to take action on Hannah's behalf. God does know w # do not forget your servant This phrase says almost the same thing as "call me to mind." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/12.md b/1sa/01/12.md index 9e81f391f1..4bc35a64e7 100644 --- a/1sa/01/12.md +++ b/1sa/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eli watched her Eli was the chief priest, so he was in the tabernacle of God and in charge of it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/13.md b/1sa/01/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/01/13.md +++ b/1sa/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/01/14.md b/1sa/01/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/01/14.md +++ b/1sa/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/01/15.md b/1sa/01/15.md index 6a09812568..526eff7eaa 100644 --- a/1sa/01/15.md +++ b/1sa/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # pouring out my soul before Yahweh This is an idiom that means "telling Yahweh my deepest emotions." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/16.md b/1sa/01/16.md index 38188439c0..7772b43b41 100644 --- a/1sa/01/16.md +++ b/1sa/01/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Peninnah irritates and annoys her. # provocation Hannah is referring to the grief and shame she feels because Peninnah is being cruel to her. - diff --git a/1sa/01/17.md b/1sa/01/17.md index c92894eefa..c668af695b 100644 --- a/1sa/01/17.md +++ b/1sa/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Eli answered Eli was the head priest residing over the tabernacle. - diff --git a/1sa/01/18.md b/1sa/01/18.md index 921fa69316..bdbfd84e13 100644 --- a/1sa/01/18.md +++ b/1sa/01/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "find favor" is an idiom that means be approved of or that he is pleased wi # ate; her face was Here "her face" represents Hannah herself. You can make this a separate sentence, if needed. Alternate translation: "ate. She was" or "ate. People could see that she was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/19.md b/1sa/01/19.md index 7f3c67ce38..33bc234e5e 100644 --- a/1sa/01/19.md +++ b/1sa/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "Elkanah had sexual relations with H # remembered her God knew what was happening to Hannah; he had not forgotten her. See how you translated similar words in [1 Samuel 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/1sa/01/20.md b/1sa/01/20.md index 2ea3936d72..f35f06444c 100644 --- a/1sa/01/20.md +++ b/1sa/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hannah conceived "Hannah became pregnant" - diff --git a/1sa/01/21.md b/1sa/01/21.md index 2dab71ff85..d022c51d89 100644 --- a/1sa/01/21.md +++ b/1sa/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his house The word "house" is a metonym for the people who lived in the house. Alternate translation: "his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/22.md b/1sa/01/22.md index b6f6a8d820..f98e659ca8 100644 --- a/1sa/01/22.md +++ b/1sa/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ stops drinking milk and starts eating only solid food # he may appear before Yahweh and live there forever Hannah had promised God that she would allow Samuel to live and work with Eli the priest in the temple ([1 Samuel 1:11](../01/11.md)). - diff --git a/1sa/01/23.md b/1sa/01/23.md index 79abc74f0b..627a323502 100644 --- a/1sa/01/23.md +++ b/1sa/01/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nursed her son "gave her son milk" - diff --git a/1sa/01/24.md b/1sa/01/24.md index ba4681749b..8dad042234 100644 --- a/1sa/01/24.md +++ b/1sa/01/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An ephah is about 22 liters of dry material. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # bottle Wine was kept in animal skins, not glass bottles. - diff --git a/1sa/01/25.md b/1sa/01/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/01/25.md +++ b/1sa/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/01/26.md b/1sa/01/26.md index 117e14594f..5bea154e13 100644 --- a/1sa/01/26.md +++ b/1sa/01/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Oh, my master! As you live, my master Here the idiom "As you live" shows that Hannah is being sincere and truthful. Alternate translation: "Sir, what I am going to tell you is certainly true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/27.md b/1sa/01/27.md index 9770c76dda..e39148e56c 100644 --- a/1sa/01/27.md +++ b/1sa/01/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has given me my petition which I asked of him The noun "petition" refers to a formal request for another person to do something. It can be translated with a verb. The idiom "to give a petition" means to do what the person requests. Alternate translation: "has agreed to do what I solemnly requested that he do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/28.md b/1sa/01/28.md index 1cea4eb411..c848e7b47b 100644 --- a/1sa/01/28.md +++ b/1sa/01/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I am loaning him # he worshiped Yahweh Possible meanings: 1) "He" refers to Elkanah or 2) "he" is a synecdoche referring to both Elkanah and his family. Alternate translation: "Elkanah and his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/01/intro.md b/1sa/01/intro.md index 7bdc03cd16..b6b44844e8 100644 --- a/1sa/01/intro.md +++ b/1sa/01/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,22 @@ # 1 Samuel 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter introduces Samuel. It is the beginning of the section 1 Samuel 1-7 which tells about Samuel, the religious leader of Israel. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Two wives -#### Two wives This was a common practice in the ancient Near East. It was against the law of Moses. The men of Israel would have sinned if they married more than one woman. This type of marriage always creates problems because of jealousy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]]) -#### "Pay his vow" +### "Pay his vow" + It was customary for Israelites to promise God to make a sacrifice to him if God answered special prayers. Making such a sacrifice was called paying one's vow. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idioms +### Idioms When Hannah wanted to assure Eli she was telling the truth, she used the idiom "as you live." This is a type of oath formula meaning "I promise you I am telling the truth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) @@ -26,4 +28,3 @@ The author also uses the phrase "call to mind." This is a common idiom meaning " * __[1 Samuel intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/02/01.md b/1sa/02/01.md index 09ebfe2a9c..4605f626fa 100644 --- a/1sa/02/01.md +++ b/1sa/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "heart" here is a metonym for the whole person. Alternate translation: # My horn is exalted A horn is a symbol of strength. Alternate translation: "I am now strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/02.md b/1sa/02/02.md index fcc1ae3e8a..7d07764577 100644 --- a/1sa/02/02.md +++ b/1sa/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is another way of saying that God is strong and faithful. (See: [[rc://en/t # rock This is a rock large enough to hide behind or to stand on and so be high above one's enemies. - diff --git a/1sa/02/03.md b/1sa/02/03.md index 1b70b9ceb6..56eebc1f7e 100644 --- a/1sa/02/03.md +++ b/1sa/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Hannah continues to recite a song to Yahweh. She speaks as if other people were # by him acts are weighed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he weighs people's acts" or "he understands why people act as they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/04.md b/1sa/02/04.md index da5212cd4f..12386ef5d1 100644 --- a/1sa/02/04.md +++ b/1sa/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh breaks the bow # are girded This means that they have put something around their waist to prepare for work. - diff --git a/1sa/02/05.md b/1sa/02/05.md index 407a3a93b7..d63eb509ea 100644 --- a/1sa/02/05.md +++ b/1sa/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hannah continues to recite a song to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-par # gives birth to seven "gives birth to seven children" - diff --git a/1sa/02/06.md b/1sa/02/06.md index e59cf1567b..3030de5a1d 100644 --- a/1sa/02/06.md +++ b/1sa/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hannah continues to recite a song to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-par # Yahweh kills ... brings to life ... brings down ... raises up Yahweh is in control of everything. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/07.md b/1sa/02/07.md index 5ff393d30d..b627777bb7 100644 --- a/1sa/02/07.md +++ b/1sa/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hannah continues to recite a song to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-par # makes some people poor ... some rich ... humbles ... lifts up Yahweh is in control of everything. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/08.md b/1sa/02/08.md index 8237e12f00..04a795133c 100644 --- a/1sa/02/08.md +++ b/1sa/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are metaphors for the lowest position in society. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # the needy people who do not have the things that they need - diff --git a/1sa/02/09.md b/1sa/02/09.md index 70f5a2e837..6accabb35e 100644 --- a/1sa/02/09.md +++ b/1sa/02/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "be put to silence" are an idiom for "be made silent." This can be sta # by strength "because he is strong" - diff --git a/1sa/02/10.md b/1sa/02/10.md index f4a5e22d19..df26267837 100644 --- a/1sa/02/10.md +++ b/1sa/02/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A horn is a symbol of strength. See how you translated similar words in [1 Samue # his anointed This speaks of the person that Yahweh chose and empowered for his purposes as if Yahweh had anointed the person with oil. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one he has anointed" or "the one he has chosen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/11.md b/1sa/02/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/02/11.md +++ b/1sa/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/02/12.md b/1sa/02/12.md index 4fc2f71f9a..e3bb7945d0 100644 --- a/1sa/02/12.md +++ b/1sa/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When people would offer animals as sacrifices, they would first burn the animal' # did not know Yahweh "did not listen to Yahweh" or "did not obey Yahweh" - diff --git a/1sa/02/13.md b/1sa/02/13.md index fc3e17ef35..4634ccf2ee 100644 --- a/1sa/02/13.md +++ b/1sa/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # custom A custom is an action that people regularly do. - diff --git a/1sa/02/14.md b/1sa/02/14.md index 46817367c7..d0d84d21fe 100644 --- a/1sa/02/14.md +++ b/1sa/02/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a large, heavy metal container for boiling and cooking # pot a clay container for cooking - diff --git a/1sa/02/15.md b/1sa/02/15.md index 778855f9d6..53506c1386 100644 --- a/1sa/02/15.md +++ b/1sa/02/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ cooked in water # raw not cooked - diff --git a/1sa/02/16.md b/1sa/02/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/02/16.md +++ b/1sa/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/02/17.md b/1sa/02/17.md index 56d8c8c0d1..5884690092 100644 --- a/1sa/02/17.md +++ b/1sa/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # despised Yahweh's offering The young men did not like and paid no attention to Yahweh's instructions regarding what people would offer to him. - diff --git a/1sa/02/18.md b/1sa/02/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/02/18.md +++ b/1sa/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/02/19.md b/1sa/02/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/02/19.md +++ b/1sa/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/02/20.md b/1sa/02/20.md index 5094d41107..94e0540dbf 100644 --- a/1sa/02/20.md +++ b/1sa/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of the request she made of Yahweh Hannah had asked Yahweh for a baby and promised him that she would give the baby to serve in the temple. - diff --git a/1sa/02/21.md b/1sa/02/21.md index 16446adae1..ce57913a0a 100644 --- a/1sa/02/21.md +++ b/1sa/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before Yahweh This means where Yahweh could see him and Samuel could learn about Yahweh. - diff --git a/1sa/02/22.md b/1sa/02/22.md index 5d0ebe4209..595e2ffd62 100644 --- a/1sa/02/22.md +++ b/1sa/02/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they were lying with the women This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "they were having sexual relations with the women" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/23.md b/1sa/02/23.md index 33adcf4108..720a65a7be 100644 --- a/1sa/02/23.md +++ b/1sa/02/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why do you do such things? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "It is terrible that you do such things!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/24.md b/1sa/02/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/02/24.md +++ b/1sa/02/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/02/25.md b/1sa/02/25.md index 7e046de1da..19a84650e1 100644 --- a/1sa/02/25.md +++ b/1sa/02/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation # the voice of their father Here the father's "voice" represents the father. Alternate translation: "their father" or "what their father said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/26.md b/1sa/02/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/02/26.md +++ b/1sa/02/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/02/27.md b/1sa/02/27.md index 050c7d6815..6e51adbd38 100644 --- a/1sa/02/27.md +++ b/1sa/02/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the people who lived in the house, and "father # your father Aaron - diff --git a/1sa/02/28.md b/1sa/02/28.md index 1210899d92..b27535e7fd 100644 --- a/1sa/02/28.md +++ b/1sa/02/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to making an offering to Yahweh. # to wear an ephod before me The words "wear an ephod" are a metonym for the work of the priests who wear the ephod. Alternate translation: "to do what I had commanded the priests to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/29.md b/1sa/02/29.md index 1b456fc9f0..013b7820a3 100644 --- a/1sa/02/29.md +++ b/1sa/02/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This rhetorical question is a rebuke. It can be translated as a statement. Alter # making yourselves fat with the best of every offering The best part of the offering was to be burned up as an offering to Yahweh, but the priests were eating it. - diff --git a/1sa/02/30.md b/1sa/02/30.md index e171b9e593..2b8e630080 100644 --- a/1sa/02/30.md +++ b/1sa/02/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that means "live in obedience to me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # those who despise me will be lightly esteemed The words "lightly esteemed" is an ironic euphemism for "greatly despised." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will lightly esteem those who despise me" or "I will greatly despise those who despise me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/31.md b/1sa/02/31.md index 05ed14a332..282d49edee 100644 --- a/1sa/02/31.md +++ b/1sa/02/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "cut off ... strength" are probably a euphemism for the death of stron # be any old man "be any old men" or "be any men who grow old" - diff --git a/1sa/02/32.md b/1sa/02/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/02/32.md +++ b/1sa/02/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/02/33.md b/1sa/02/33.md index b4c06c0f59..94aa952700 100644 --- a/1sa/02/33.md +++ b/1sa/02/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor speaks of children born into the "house," the family, as if they w # while men while they are the strongest they can be - diff --git a/1sa/02/34.md b/1sa/02/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/02/34.md +++ b/1sa/02/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/02/35.md b/1sa/02/35.md index 7604542bc3..8137344dec 100644 --- a/1sa/02/35.md +++ b/1sa/02/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "to serve me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # I will build him a sure house Here "house" is an idiom used for "descendants." Alternate translation: "I will ensure that he always has a descendant who serves as high priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/36.md b/1sa/02/36.md index 381d1fadbd..f35f12cde4 100644 --- a/1sa/02/36.md +++ b/1sa/02/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the faithful priest whom God will raise up # so I can eat a piece of bread Here "piece of bread" is used for "food. "Alternate translation: "so I can have something to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/02/intro.md b/1sa/02/intro.md index e511957480..967afd858a 100644 --- a/1sa/02/intro.md +++ b/1sa/02/intro.md @@ -1,36 +1,36 @@ # 1 Samuel 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with Hannah's poetic prayer in 2:1-10 . -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Hannah's song of praise to God +### Hannah's song of praise to God This song is about how God protects the weak and strengthens them. He humbles the rich, provides for the poor, and defeats his enemies. -#### Eli's Sons +### Eli's Sons Eli, the chief priest, had two sons. They were ungodly priests who continually sinned and did not honor God. Eli corrected them but they did not listen. A prophet warned Eli that God would stop his family from being priests and his sons would both die on the same day. At the same time, Samuel was growing up and serving God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter This chapter has many figures of speech because the first part of the chapter is a song and the last part of the chapter is a prophecy. Songs and prophecy tend to have many figures of speech. -#### Synecdoches +### Synecdoches "My heart" and "my mouth" are synecdoches referencing the speaker. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) -#### Metonymies +### Metonymies Body parts are often used to stand for activities involving that part of the body. "The feet of his faithful people" is a metonym meaning what they are doing or where they are going. Place names are often used for people in that place such as "the ends of the earth" meaning the people living in the ends of the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) -#### Metaphors +### Metaphors Hannah used many military metaphors: "rock," representing protection; "the bows of the mighty men are broken," representing military defeat; "the horn of his anointed," representing the power of the one that God has chosen to be king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions God used three rhetorical questions to correct and condemn Eli. "Did I not reveal myself to the house of your ancestor, when they were in Egypt in bondage to Pharaoh's house?" "Why then do you scorn my offerings that I required in the place where I live?" "Why do you honor your sons above me by making yourselves fat with the best of every offering of my people Israel?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) @@ -39,4 +39,3 @@ God used three rhetorical questions to correct and condemn Eli. "Did I not revea * __[1 Samuel 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/03/01.md b/1sa/03/01.md index 3bc9b3f562..3415ff0460 100644 --- a/1sa/03/01.md +++ b/1sa/03/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh's word was rare "Yahweh did not often speak to people" - diff --git a/1sa/03/02.md b/1sa/03/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/03/02.md +++ b/1sa/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/03/03.md b/1sa/03/03.md index d6887c72e9..018d0ab2a1 100644 --- a/1sa/03/03.md +++ b/1sa/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the seven-candle lampstand in the holy place of the tabernacle that burn # the temple of Yahweh The "temple" was actually a tent, but it was where the people worshiped, so it is best to translate the word as "temple" here. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/1sa/03/04.md b/1sa/03/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/03/04.md +++ b/1sa/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/03/05.md b/1sa/03/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/03/05.md +++ b/1sa/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/03/06.md b/1sa/03/06.md index 8f1ed98f4f..02027f7c9b 100644 --- a/1sa/03/06.md +++ b/1sa/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my son Eli was not Samuel's true father. Eli speaks as if he were Samuel's father to show Samuel that he is not angry but that Samuel needs to listen to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/07.md b/1sa/03/07.md index 04d2609691..e37bb8c5f5 100644 --- a/1sa/03/07.md +++ b/1sa/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nor had any message from Yahweh ever been revealed to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nor had Yahweh ever revealed any message to him" or "and Yahweh had never revealed any message to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/08.md b/1sa/03/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/03/08.md +++ b/1sa/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/03/09.md b/1sa/03/09.md index 0299db7965..e9a38779c5 100644 --- a/1sa/03/09.md +++ b/1sa/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your servant is Eli tells Samuel to speak to Yahweh as if Samuel were another person so that Samuel would show respect to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/10.md b/1sa/03/10.md index 1d8b928688..d7c4e91ea7 100644 --- a/1sa/03/10.md +++ b/1sa/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh actually appeared and stood before Samuel or 2) # your servant is Samuel speaks to Yahweh as if Samuel were another person to show respect to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/11.md b/1sa/03/11.md index fe22f333d9..556ad601e3 100644 --- a/1sa/03/11.md +++ b/1sa/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "ears ... will tingle" is an idiom that means everyone will be shocked by w # tingle This means to feel like someone is gently poking with small, sharp objects, usually because of the cold or because someone has slapped that body part with their hand. - diff --git a/1sa/03/12.md b/1sa/03/12.md index 14952e9a11..b3223e53d6 100644 --- a/1sa/03/12.md +++ b/1sa/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from beginning to end This is a merism for completeness. Alternate translation: "absolutely everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/13.md b/1sa/03/13.md index 957224eab9..9a932fa61c 100644 --- a/1sa/03/13.md +++ b/1sa/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brought a curse upon themselves "did those things which Yahweh had said he would punish those who did them" - diff --git a/1sa/03/14.md b/1sa/03/14.md index 4ff1e07ce8..18afef1acf 100644 --- a/1sa/03/14.md +++ b/1sa/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "there is no sacri # the iniquity of his house Here the word "house" is a metonym for the family living in the house. "the iniquity that the people in his family have committed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/15.md b/1sa/03/15.md index bff941d3ec..90b89092ac 100644 --- a/1sa/03/15.md +++ b/1sa/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house of Yahweh The "house" was actually a tent, but it would be best to translate "house" here. - diff --git a/1sa/03/16.md b/1sa/03/16.md index 59bca02adc..1445a944a3 100644 --- a/1sa/03/16.md +++ b/1sa/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my son Eli was not Samuel's true father. Eli speaks as if he were Samuel's father to show Samuel that he is not angry but that Samuel needs to answer him. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 1:6](../01/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/17.md b/1sa/03/17.md index a7ce90ad33..20c9b1b9d3 100644 --- a/1sa/03/17.md +++ b/1sa/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # May God do so to you, and even more This is an idiom to emphasize how serious Eli is. Alternate translation: "May God punish you the same way he said he will punish me, and even more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/18.md b/1sa/03/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/03/18.md +++ b/1sa/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/03/19.md b/1sa/03/19.md index b4815eff6e..bacf9f17b8 100644 --- a/1sa/03/19.md +++ b/1sa/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he let none of his prophetic words fall to the ground Here messages that do not come true are spoken of as if they fell to the ground. This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "he made all the things he prophesied happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/20.md b/1sa/03/20.md index 4263d10964..e73e3569b4 100644 --- a/1sa/03/20.md +++ b/1sa/03/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a merism for "in every part of the land." Alternate translation: "from o # Samuel was appointed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh had appointed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/03/21.md b/1sa/03/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/03/21.md +++ b/1sa/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/03/intro.md b/1sa/03/intro.md index b59c6b2863..49e409f63b 100644 --- a/1sa/03/intro.md +++ b/1sa/03/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # 1 Samuel 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### God speaks to Samuel +### God speaks to Samuel -God spoke at night to Samuel when he was a small boy, telling him that he would punish Eli's family. As Samuel grew up, God gave him many messages. People came from all over Israel to find out what God had to say. +God spoke at night to Samuel when he was a small boy, telling him that he would punish Eli's family. As Samuel grew up, God gave him many messages. People came from all over Israel to find out what God had to say. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metonymy +### Metonymy In order to show respect when talking to God, Samuel calls himself "your servant" when referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) -#### Idioms +### Idioms One characteristic of prophecy is the use of figures of speech. In this passage there are two idioms: "ears will shake," meaning "will shock everyone who hears" and "carry out," meaning "do." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) @@ -23,4 +23,3 @@ In order to be sure Samuel would tell him the whole truth, Eli used the standard * __[1 Samuel 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/04/01.md b/1sa/04/01.md index 8bc424602a..9ed2885db6 100644 --- a/1sa/04/01.md +++ b/1sa/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ebenezer ... Aphek These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/02.md b/1sa/04/02.md index 18cac291f0..90d635e011 100644 --- a/1sa/04/02.md +++ b/1sa/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Philistines d # about four thousand men Here the number four thousand is a round number. There may have been a few more than that or a few less than that. The word "about" shows that it is not an exact number. Alternate translation: "about 4,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/03.md b/1sa/04/03.md index bbc1019108..fe1e5e9cf4 100644 --- a/1sa/04/03.md +++ b/1sa/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the soldiers who had been fighting the battle # Why has Yahweh defeated us today before the Philistines? Let us bring ... enemies The elders truly did not know why Yahweh had defeated them, but they wrongly thought they knew how to make sure it did not happen again, by bringing the ark to be with them. - diff --git a/1sa/04/04.md b/1sa/04/04.md index 0ab21b1fe6..46fc4adba3 100644 --- a/1sa/04/04.md +++ b/1sa/04/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This Phinehas is not the same as the grandson of Aaron in Exodus and Numbers. # were there were in Shiloh - diff --git a/1sa/04/05.md b/1sa/04/05.md index f2e9313ac8..4d4224a5c3 100644 --- a/1sa/04/05.md +++ b/1sa/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When the ark of the covenant of Yahweh came into the camp "When the people carried the ark of the covenant of Yahweh into the camp" Some languages may need to add understood information to make the meaning clear. Alternate translation: "The people, along with Hophni and Phinehas, picked up the ark of the covenant of Yahweh and carried it into the camp. When the people carried the ark into the camp" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/06.md b/1sa/04/06.md index 28ad80f0bf..4dbfef293e 100644 --- a/1sa/04/06.md +++ b/1sa/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the ark of Yahweh had come into the camp "the people had carried the ark of Yahweh into the camp" - diff --git a/1sa/04/07.md b/1sa/04/07.md index 538e8ba14a..6978521d08 100644 --- a/1sa/04/07.md +++ b/1sa/04/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # A god has come The Philistines worshiped many gods, so they probably believed that one of those gods, or one whom they did not worship, had come into the camp. Another possible meaning is that they were speaking the proper name of the God of Israel: "Yahweh has come." Because 4:8 speaks of "gods," some translations read, "Gods have come," that is, "It is gods who have come." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/08.md b/1sa/04/08.md index db5b489738..2d0a76109d 100644 --- a/1sa/04/08.md +++ b/1sa/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is an expression of deep fear. It can be written as a s # these mighty gods ... the gods who attacked Because the word "god" (or "God") in 4:7 is singular, many translations read "this mighty god ... the god who attacked," referring to any one of many possible gods, or "this mighty God ... the God who attacked," using the proper name of the God of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/09.md b/1sa/04/09.md index ddc376c5e4..c4cf0728a1 100644 --- a/1sa/04/09.md +++ b/1sa/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # be men This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "be strong and fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/10.md b/1sa/04/10.md index 9edb5e72ca..4f46ac702b 100644 --- a/1sa/04/10.md +++ b/1sa/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Also, "Israel" refers to the army of Israel. # his tent "his home." The Israelites were living in houses in those days. - diff --git a/1sa/04/11.md b/1sa/04/11.md index 64d3c4e31b..612454fd9a 100644 --- a/1sa/04/11.md +++ b/1sa/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The ark of God was taken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Philistines also took the ark of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/12.md b/1sa/04/12.md index e68ef15164..7cd0fb23a6 100644 --- a/1sa/04/12.md +++ b/1sa/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # clothes torn and earth on his head This is a way to express deep mourning in Israelite culture. - diff --git a/1sa/04/13.md b/1sa/04/13.md index 4baf4eb89f..e2bb0166e3 100644 --- a/1sa/04/13.md +++ b/1sa/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom which means he was very fearful or terribly concerned about som # the whole city This is a metonym for "all the people in the city." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/14.md b/1sa/04/14.md index f54884d907..839e271dbd 100644 --- a/1sa/04/14.md +++ b/1sa/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The man "The man of Benjamin" - diff --git a/1sa/04/15.md b/1sa/04/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/04/15.md +++ b/1sa/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/04/16.md b/1sa/04/16.md index f34f567bdc..cfa274a309 100644 --- a/1sa/04/16.md +++ b/1sa/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my son Eli was not the other man's true father. Eli speaks as if he were the man's father to show the man that he is not angry but that the man needs to answer him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/17.md b/1sa/04/17.md index 618fc1ac77..219704a837 100644 --- a/1sa/04/17.md +++ b/1sa/04/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a general statement about what happened. The rest of the man's words giv # the ark of God has been taken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Philistines have taken the ark of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/18.md b/1sa/04/18.md index 3f8cf5e9c5..1d9fc18bf9 100644 --- a/1sa/04/18.md +++ b/1sa/04/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # His neck was broken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "His neck broke because he fell" or "He broke his neck when he fell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/19.md b/1sa/04/19.md index b210844191..a884e51672 100644 --- a/1sa/04/19.md +++ b/1sa/04/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eli's daughter-in-law # the ark of God was captured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Philistines had captured the ark of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/20.md b/1sa/04/20.md index fc5695be1e..dc5d8f764f 100644 --- a/1sa/04/20.md +++ b/1sa/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # take what they said to heart "pay any attention to what they said" or "allow herself to feel better" - diff --git a/1sa/04/21.md b/1sa/04/21.md index 4099d2520d..9680125bba 100644 --- a/1sa/04/21.md +++ b/1sa/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The name is actually a phrase that means "no glory." The name of a person someti # for the ark of God had been captured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the Philistines had captured the ark of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/22.md b/1sa/04/22.md index a29932a8ad..df984f50d2 100644 --- a/1sa/04/22.md +++ b/1sa/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the ark of God has been captured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because the Philistines have captured the ark of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/04/intro.md b/1sa/04/intro.md index bee3a51ebd..bd32dddbde 100644 --- a/1sa/04/intro.md +++ b/1sa/04/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,20 @@ # 1 Samuel 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### The Ark of the Covenant in Philistine country +### The Ark of the Covenant in Philistine country This chapter begins a new section on the Ark and the Philistines. It recounts two battles between Israel and the Philistines. In both battles, Israel was badly defeated and, in the second, the Ark was captured. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The Ark is captured +### The Ark is captured -The Philistine army invaded Israel, and Israel's army went to fight them but was defeated. Israel decided that if they took the Ark into the next battle, God would cause them to win. When Eli's sons took the Ark into the next battle and the Philistines won the battle, they killed Eli's two sons and captured the Ark. When Eli heard the Ark was captured, he fell over, broke his neck, and died. Hearing this news, his daughter-in-law named her baby "the glory has departed." +The Philistine army invaded Israel, and Israel's army went to fight them but was defeated. Israel decided that if they took the Ark into the next battle, God would cause them to win. When Eli's sons took the Ark into the next battle and the Philistines won the battle, they killed Eli's two sons and captured the Ark. When Eli heard the Ark was captured, he fell over, broke his neck, and died. Hearing this news, his daughter-in-law named her baby "the glory has departed." -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical Question +### Rhetorical Question The Philistines expressed their fear using a rhetorical question: "Who will protect us from the strength of this mighty God?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) @@ -23,4 +23,3 @@ The Philistines expressed their fear using a rhetorical question: "Who will prot * __[1 Samuel 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/05/01.md b/1sa/05/01.md index 8a89562650..3126fd5ea3 100644 --- a/1sa/05/01.md +++ b/1sa/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word marks the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a # ark of God See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 3:3](../03/03.md). This is the a same as the "ark of the covenant of Yahweh" in [1 Samuel 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/1sa/05/02.md b/1sa/05/02.md index 0d7f50ddb7..495ca4a22b 100644 --- a/1sa/05/02.md +++ b/1sa/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house of Dagon This refers to the temple of Dagon, the god of the Philistines. - diff --git a/1sa/05/03.md b/1sa/05/03.md index 1c465036cc..f91eaaed67 100644 --- a/1sa/05/03.md +++ b/1sa/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Dagon had fallen facedown on the ground The reader should understand that Yahweh had caused the statue to fall on its face during the night. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/05/04.md b/1sa/05/04.md index 316501cf9a..8d11bd1ddc 100644 --- a/1sa/05/04.md +++ b/1sa/05/04.md @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ The reader should understand that Yahweh had caused Dagon to fall. It was as if Yahweh were a soldier who had defeated his enemy and cut off the enemy's head and hands. -# on the threshold +# on the threshold You may need to make explicit that this was the threshold in the doorway of the entrance to the temple. Alternate translation: "on the threshold of the doorway of the entrance to the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/05/05.md b/1sa/05/05.md index bf40fb4ca3..9bf00f2830 100644 --- a/1sa/05/05.md +++ b/1sa/05/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "today" means up to the day when the author was writing this book. # the threshold of Dagon You may need to make explicit the relationship between the threshold and Dagon. Alternate translation: "the threshold of the doorway of the temple of Dagon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/05/06.md b/1sa/05/06.md index 56e0c34dd4..7defc2b389 100644 --- a/1sa/05/06.md +++ b/1sa/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) painful swelling under the skin or 2) hemorrhoids. # both Ashdod and its territories The name of the town is a metonym for the people living in the town. "both the people of Ashdod and the people in the land surrounding Ashdod" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/05/07.md b/1sa/05/07.md index 7cdc38f6fb..83e93674fb 100644 --- a/1sa/05/07.md +++ b/1sa/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # ark of the God of Israel See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 3:3](../03/03.md). This is the a same as the "ark of the covenant of Yahweh" in [1 Samuel 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/1sa/05/08.md b/1sa/05/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/05/08.md +++ b/1sa/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/05/09.md b/1sa/05/09.md index 070a400683..6c643f4a62 100644 --- a/1sa/05/09.md +++ b/1sa/05/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a merism that refers to age. Alternate translat # tumors Possible meanings are 1) painful swelling under the skin or 2) hemorrhoids. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 5:6](../05/06.md) - diff --git a/1sa/05/10.md b/1sa/05/10.md index b76029ee00..015ad3221c 100644 --- a/1sa/05/10.md +++ b/1sa/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cried out Why they cried out can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "cried out in fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/05/11.md b/1sa/05/11.md index dd3bc078e2..5635060aba 100644 --- a/1sa/05/11.md +++ b/1sa/05/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) they were speaking the proper name of the God of Israel # the hand of God was very heavy there The hand is a metonym for God punishing the people. "Yahweh was punishing the people there very severely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/05/12.md b/1sa/05/12.md index ccb03ef661..e5c550c630 100644 --- a/1sa/05/12.md +++ b/1sa/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) painful swelling under the skin or 2) hemorrhoids. See # the cry of the city went up to the heavens The word "city" is a metonym for the people of the city. Possible meanings are 1) the words "went up to the heavens" is an idiom for "was very great." Alternate translation: "the people of the city cried out very loudly" or 2) the words "the heavens" is a metonym for the people's gods. Alternate translation: "the people of the city cried out to their gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/05/intro.md b/1sa/05/intro.md index 6237709ed9..e7aac6cbc4 100644 --- a/1sa/05/intro.md +++ b/1sa/05/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # 1 Samuel 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of the Ark of the Covenant in Philistia continues. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The Ark in the Philistine Cities +### The Ark in the Philistine Cities The Philistines took the Ark of God to Ashdod and put it in their idol temple, but their idol fell down in front of the Ark and the people got sick with bubonic plague. They took it to Gath next, and the people of Gath began dying of the plague. When they took the Ark to Ekron, the people of Ekron were afraid of it too and did not want it there. Finally they decided to send it back to Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idioms +### Idioms There are two slightly different idioms used in the same way: the "hand was heavy" and the "hand was hard." Both idioms mean "was severely punished." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ There are two slightly different idioms used in the same way: the "hand was hea * __[1 Samuel 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/06/01.md b/1sa/06/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/06/01.md +++ b/1sa/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/06/02.md b/1sa/06/02.md index 32cd5c3f1e..fde91ada4f 100644 --- a/1sa/06/02.md +++ b/1sa/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These were pagan priests and diviners who worshiped Dagon. # Tell us how we should send it The Philistines wanted to know how to get rid of the ark without angering Yahweh any further. - diff --git a/1sa/06/03.md b/1sa/06/03.md index 1fcdbb1d4c..ea2677a2aa 100644 --- a/1sa/06/03.md +++ b/1sa/06/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The pronoun "you" is plural, referring to all of the Philistines. (See: [[rc://e # why his hand has not been lifted off of you Here "hand" is a metonym used to represent God's power to afflict or discipline. Alternate translation: "why he has not relieved your suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/06/04.md b/1sa/06/04.md index f357142f69..6c30ec938a 100644 --- a/1sa/06/04.md +++ b/1sa/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) painful swelling under the skin or 2) hemorrhoids. See # mice more than one mouse - diff --git a/1sa/06/05.md b/1sa/06/05.md index abfb4616cc..a1542c478b 100644 --- a/1sa/06/05.md +++ b/1sa/06/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) they were speaking the proper name of the God of Israel # lift his hand from you, from your gods, and from your land Here "hand" is a metonym used to represent God's power to afflict or discipline. Alternate translation: "stop punishing you, your gods and your land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/06/06.md b/1sa/06/06.md index e396cc6ffc..ceddf63494 100644 --- a/1sa/06/06.md +++ b/1sa/06/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that means to be stubborn or unwilling to obey God. Alternate t # did not the Egyptians send away the people, and they left? This is another rhetorical question used to remind the Philistines how the Egyptians finally sent the Israelites out of Egypt so that God would stop afflicting the Egyptians. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "remember that the Egyptians sent the Israelites out of Egypt." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/06/07.md b/1sa/06/07.md index fe13246e11..9fdaf6ea06 100644 --- a/1sa/06/07.md +++ b/1sa/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # two nursing cows "two cows that have calves that are still drinking milk" - diff --git a/1sa/06/08.md b/1sa/06/08.md index 66cffff6e6..d92fdd4678 100644 --- a/1sa/06/08.md +++ b/1sa/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Send it off and let it go its way Normally the two cows would head back home to their calves. - diff --git a/1sa/06/09.md b/1sa/06/09.md index 368d212fbe..db7f5227d3 100644 --- a/1sa/06/09.md +++ b/1sa/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If it goes ... toward Beth Shemesh, then it is Yahweh It is unlikely that the cows would choose to wander to Beth Shemesh when their calves are back in the Philistine area. - diff --git a/1sa/06/10.md b/1sa/06/10.md index d30b83a817..8aec58c3d8 100644 --- a/1sa/06/10.md +++ b/1sa/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # two nursing cows "two cows that have calves that are still drinking milk" See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 6:7](../06/07.md). - diff --git a/1sa/06/11.md b/1sa/06/11.md index 3fe8f6c8b8..d06695b6d3 100644 --- a/1sa/06/11.md +++ b/1sa/06/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translated this as in [1 Samuel 6:4](../06/04.md). # tumors Possible meanings are 1) painful swelling under the skin or 2) hemorrhoids. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 5:6](../05/06.md). - diff --git a/1sa/06/12.md b/1sa/06/12.md index 19d1da1fc8..775ca6f55a 100644 --- a/1sa/06/12.md +++ b/1sa/06/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Lowing is the noise cows make with their voices. # they did not turn aside either to the right or to the left "they did not wander off of the highway." This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "they stayed on the highway" or "they went straight ahead" - diff --git a/1sa/06/13.md b/1sa/06/13.md index d505cbcb7e..171b334443 100644 --- a/1sa/06/13.md +++ b/1sa/06/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were Israelites. # lifted up their eyes This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "looked up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/06/14.md b/1sa/06/14.md index ba2d21a310..7508dd2b51 100644 --- a/1sa/06/14.md +++ b/1sa/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A great stone was there The people used this stone as an altar when they offered the cows as sacrifices. - diff --git a/1sa/06/15.md b/1sa/06/15.md index 071a0f767c..7dc5c1d80f 100644 --- a/1sa/06/15.md +++ b/1sa/06/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ According to the law of Moses, only the Levites were permitted to handle the ark # the box that was with it, where the golden figures were "the box containing the gold models of the rats and the tumors" - diff --git a/1sa/06/16.md b/1sa/06/16.md index 7e29f1de90..f84dcd4b53 100644 --- a/1sa/06/16.md +++ b/1sa/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the five rulers of the Philistines "the five Philistine kings" - diff --git a/1sa/06/17.md b/1sa/06/17.md index f9892d0664..c9f970e53e 100644 --- a/1sa/06/17.md +++ b/1sa/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tumors Possible meanings are 1) painful swelling under the skin or 2) hemorrhoids. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 5:6](../05/06.md). - diff --git a/1sa/06/18.md b/1sa/06/18.md index 7ab005540a..302805788e 100644 --- a/1sa/06/18.md +++ b/1sa/06/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is what a person from Beth Shemesh is called. Alternate translation: "from # to this day to the time at which the writer wrote the book - diff --git a/1sa/06/19.md b/1sa/06/19.md index 6f7c273a4e..942267bc93 100644 --- a/1sa/06/19.md +++ b/1sa/06/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The ark was so holy that no one was permitted to look inside it. Only the priest # 50,070 men "fifty thousand and seventy men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/06/20.md b/1sa/06/20.md index 2cbd3b2a05..c9399d5d30 100644 --- a/1sa/06/20.md +++ b/1sa/06/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a rhetorical question that expresses the people # To whom will the ark go up from us? This is a question asking for information. It is implied that the people want Yahweh and the ark to go somewhere else so he will not punish them again. Alternate translation: "Where can we send this ark so that Yahweh will not punish us again?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/06/21.md b/1sa/06/21.md index 42e995e40b..be617c8fc5 100644 --- a/1sa/06/21.md +++ b/1sa/06/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kiriath Jearim This was a town in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/06/intro.md b/1sa/06/intro.md index c1cf4aad88..659f969dc9 100644 --- a/1sa/06/intro.md +++ b/1sa/06/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # 1 Samuel 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter ends the story of the Ark of the Covenant among the Philistines. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The Philistines send the Ark back to Israel +### The Philistines send the Ark back to Israel The Philistine leaders asked their priests what they should do with the Ark. The priests said to send it off with an offering. The Philistines put the Ark on a cart drawn by cows and let them go wherever they wanted to go. The cows went straight toward Israel. When some people peeked into the Ark, God killed them. Because of this, the people sent the Ark to Kiriath Jearim. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The Philistine leaders asked their priests what they should do with the Ark. The * __[1 Samuel 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/07/01.md b/1sa/07/01.md index 7263283601..0e437a7dec 100644 --- a/1sa/07/01.md +++ b/1sa/07/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Abinadab ... Eleazar These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/02.md b/1sa/07/02.md index eea001cdb3..91974d6ec2 100644 --- a/1sa/07/02.md +++ b/1sa/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty years "20 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/03.md b/1sa/07/03.md index 937c12ca4c..a01b061828 100644 --- a/1sa/07/03.md +++ b/1sa/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the people who live in the house and their des # return to Yahweh with your whole heart Here "with your whole heart" is an idiom that means to be completely devoted to something. Alternate translation: "become completely devoted to worshiping and obeying Yahweh only" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/04.md b/1sa/07/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/07/04.md +++ b/1sa/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/07/05.md b/1sa/07/05.md index 2ec06235dd..2c04fc955f 100644 --- a/1sa/07/05.md +++ b/1sa/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all Israel "all the people of Israel" or "all the Israelites" - diff --git a/1sa/07/06.md b/1sa/07/06.md index db5275d5ac..b1994e8430 100644 --- a/1sa/07/06.md +++ b/1sa/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # drew water and poured it out before Yahweh Possible meanings are 1) the people denied themselves water as part of fasting or 2) they got water out of a stream or well and poured it on the ground as an outward sign of being sorry for their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/07.md b/1sa/07/07.md index 60f91a7a2b..50b2894699 100644 --- a/1sa/07/07.md +++ b/1sa/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the rulers of the Philistines attacked Israel It can be stated plainly that it was the army and not the rulers by themselves who attacked Israel. Alternate translation: "the Philistine rulers led their army and attacked Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/08.md b/1sa/07/08.md index e87072e034..f1849fdbe9 100644 --- a/1sa/07/08.md +++ b/1sa/07/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # save us from the hand of the Philistines The "hand" is a metonym for the power of the person. Alternate translation: "save us from the Philistine army" or "keep the Philistine army from harming us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/09.md b/1sa/07/09.md index c7f28985dd..93cc7fb9a9 100644 --- a/1sa/07/09.md +++ b/1sa/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a lamb that is still drinking its mother's milk # Yahweh answered him "Yahweh did what Samuel asked him to do" - diff --git a/1sa/07/10.md b/1sa/07/10.md index 6dda4f1b0a..4fbdcc075f 100644 --- a/1sa/07/10.md +++ b/1sa/07/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "Yahweh routed t # routed To rout people is to defeat them before they can cause any harm. - diff --git a/1sa/07/11.md b/1sa/07/11.md index a775d3561e..29383ab13e 100644 --- a/1sa/07/11.md +++ b/1sa/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This finishes explaining what the writer means by "Yahweh answered him" in ([1 S # Beth Kar This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/12.md b/1sa/07/12.md index 8149517698..5c0493378a 100644 --- a/1sa/07/12.md +++ b/1sa/07/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelites and other peoples in that land would place a large stone where im # Mizpah ... Shen These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/13.md b/1sa/07/13.md index 0f5d47c456..526f045b0e 100644 --- a/1sa/07/13.md +++ b/1sa/07/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Philistines did not enter Israel's border to attack them. # The hand of Yahweh was against the Philistines The word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate translation: "Yahweh used his power against the Philistines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/14.md b/1sa/07/14.md index eb594efa0b..2115f8d514 100644 --- a/1sa/07/14.md +++ b/1sa/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The towns ... from Israel were restored to Israel This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) Here "Israel" refers to the "land" of Israel. "Yahweh restored to the land of Israel the towns ... from Israel" or 2) "Israel" is a metonym for the people who live there. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel were able to reclaim the towns ... from Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/07/15.md b/1sa/07/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/07/15.md +++ b/1sa/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/07/16.md b/1sa/07/16.md index 7ac908c983..e513639d5a 100644 --- a/1sa/07/16.md +++ b/1sa/07/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ traveled from place to place in a rough circle # He decided disputes Disputes are arguments or disagreements between two or more people. - diff --git a/1sa/07/17.md b/1sa/07/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/07/17.md +++ b/1sa/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/07/intro.md b/1sa/07/intro.md index 38ac9bba09..c7f00941be 100644 --- a/1sa/07/intro.md +++ b/1sa/07/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # 1 Samuel 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter completes the section on Samuel leading Israel. +This chapter completes the section on Samuel leading Israel. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Israel begins to worship Yahweh again +### Israel begins to worship Yahweh again Samuel told the people to get rid of all their idols and worship Yahweh alone. The people were obedient. When the Philistines heard the Israelites were all gathered together, the Philistines attacked, but God defeated them. There was a time of peace during which Samuel settled disputes between the people as the judges had done before. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idioms +### Idioms Whenever Samuel spoke to a group of people, he used many idioms: "to turn to" means "to worship"; "with your whole heart" means "completely"; and "rescue from the hand" means "rescued from the power." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Whenever Samuel spoke to a group of people, he used many idioms: "to turn to" me * __[1 Samuel 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/08/01.md b/1sa/08/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/08/01.md +++ b/1sa/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/08/02.md b/1sa/08/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/08/02.md +++ b/1sa/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/08/03.md b/1sa/08/03.md index 8817f7a756..4d2423999a 100644 --- a/1sa/08/03.md +++ b/1sa/08/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of money that people would give Samuel's sons as if it were a # perverted justice "judged in favor of those who did evil" - diff --git a/1sa/08/04.md b/1sa/08/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/08/04.md +++ b/1sa/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/08/05.md b/1sa/08/05.md index 71176f4929..789930dce1 100644 --- a/1sa/08/05.md +++ b/1sa/08/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Appoint for us a king like the kings of all the nation # Appoint for us a king to judge us The leaders wrongly believed that a king, and his sons after him, would rule justly. - diff --git a/1sa/08/06.md b/1sa/08/06.md index d2d63d4a97..45b33f2f24 100644 --- a/1sa/08/06.md +++ b/1sa/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But it displeased Samuel ... Give us a king to judge us Samuel was unhappy that the people did not just want him to remove his corrupt sons and to appoint honest judges, but they wanted a king to rule over them like other countries had. - diff --git a/1sa/08/07.md b/1sa/08/07.md index 62b59274b4..f225ec258f 100644 --- a/1sa/08/07.md +++ b/1sa/08/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the voice" is a metonym for the will or the desire of the people. Alternat # but they have rejected me Yahweh knew that the people were not just rejecting corrupt judges, but they were rejecting Yahweh as their king. - diff --git a/1sa/08/08.md b/1sa/08/08.md index 98b8d0c5ac..a15c127852 100644 --- a/1sa/08/08.md +++ b/1sa/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I brought them out of Egypt This refers to Yahweh freeing the Israelites from slavery in Egypt many years before. - diff --git a/1sa/08/09.md b/1sa/08/09.md index 41b41ca175..ec4ae59c8c 100644 --- a/1sa/08/09.md +++ b/1sa/08/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # by what ordinances the king will reign over them "how the king who reigns over them will treat them" or "what the king who rules over them will require them to do" - diff --git a/1sa/08/10.md b/1sa/08/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/08/10.md +++ b/1sa/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/08/11.md b/1sa/08/11.md index 9a63e2f564..8c05559e6e 100644 --- a/1sa/08/11.md +++ b/1sa/08/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this word in [1 Samuel 8:9](../08/09.md). # be his horsemen They will ride horses into battle. - diff --git a/1sa/08/12.md b/1sa/08/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/08/12.md +++ b/1sa/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/08/13.md b/1sa/08/13.md index 1a8c738f9a..dfc6adec26 100644 --- a/1sa/08/13.md +++ b/1sa/08/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Samuel continues to tell what things the king will take. # to be perfumers "to make good-smelling oils to put on his body" - diff --git a/1sa/08/14.md b/1sa/08/14.md index 6a26113258..19aa001c03 100644 --- a/1sa/08/14.md +++ b/1sa/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # olive orchards "fields of olive trees" - diff --git a/1sa/08/15.md b/1sa/08/15.md index 59b3bbb226..274f58914f 100644 --- a/1sa/08/15.md +++ b/1sa/08/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They will have to divide the wine that they produce in their vineyards into ten # officers These are the leaders of the king's army. - diff --git a/1sa/08/16.md b/1sa/08/16.md index 1a12f4cb04..febb05c9ef 100644 --- a/1sa/08/16.md +++ b/1sa/08/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Samuel continues to tell what things the king will take. - diff --git a/1sa/08/17.md b/1sa/08/17.md index ac95676d38..b52235b674 100644 --- a/1sa/08/17.md +++ b/1sa/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They will have to divide their flocks into ten equal parts and give one of those # you will be his slaves "you will feel as if you are his slaves" - diff --git a/1sa/08/18.md b/1sa/08/18.md index 4e13301831..bc7e6ef49e 100644 --- a/1sa/08/18.md +++ b/1sa/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will cry out Possible meanings are 1) the people will ask Yahweh to rescue them from the king or 2) the people will ask the king to stop treating them so badly . - diff --git a/1sa/08/19.md b/1sa/08/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/08/19.md +++ b/1sa/08/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/08/20.md b/1sa/08/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/08/20.md +++ b/1sa/08/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/08/21.md b/1sa/08/21.md index b2c8498032..fa6720e58d 100644 --- a/1sa/08/21.md +++ b/1sa/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he repeated them in the ears of Yahweh Here "the ears of Yahweh" refers to Yahweh. Samuel prayed to Yahweh repeating all that the people said. Alternate translation: "he repeated them to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/08/22.md b/1sa/08/22.md index 36f287d8ee..c9dccbcab8 100644 --- a/1sa/08/22.md +++ b/1sa/08/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the metonym "their voice" refers to the will of the people. Alternate trans # go to his own city "go home" - diff --git a/1sa/08/intro.md b/1sa/08/intro.md index 5ae2522c5e..cbd50a788d 100644 --- a/1sa/08/intro.md +++ b/1sa/08/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,19 @@ # 1 Samuel 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting -#### Saul and Samuel +## Structure and formatting -The section including chapters 8-16 begins a new part of the story. The people wanted a king, and God chose Saul, the man the people wanted, to be their king. He was not the king Yahweh wanted. +### Saul and Samuel -### Special concepts in this chapter +The section including chapters 8-16 begins a new part of the story. The people wanted a king, and God chose Saul, the man the people wanted, to be their king. He was not the king Yahweh wanted. -#### The people want a king +## Special concepts in this chapter -When Samuel was old, he appointed his sons to be judges. They were corrupt and took bribes, so the people came and asked Samuel to appoint a king for them. Samuel asked God, who gave them a king but warned them what a king would be like. Despite Samuel's warning that a king would oppress them, the people still wanted a king. This was sinful because they were rejecting God as their king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### The people want a king + +When Samuel was old, he appointed his sons to be judges. They were corrupt and took bribes, so the people came and asked Samuel to appoint a king for them. Samuel asked God, who gave them a king but warned them what a king would be like. Despite Samuel's warning that a king would oppress them, the people still wanted a king. This was sinful because they were rejecting God as their king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: * __[1 Samuel 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/09/01.md b/1sa/09/01.md index 0e6113247d..322729d479 100644 --- a/1sa/09/01.md +++ b/1sa/09/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of the men of Saul's family line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tra # Benjamite A Benjamite is someone who belongs to the tribe of Benjamin. - diff --git a/1sa/09/02.md b/1sa/09/02.md index 24a9ae4aff..c6b20ec332 100644 --- a/1sa/09/02.md +++ b/1sa/09/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ someone who looks good # From his shoulders upward he was taller than any of the people The other tall people in Israel did not even come up to his shoulders. - diff --git a/1sa/09/03.md b/1sa/09/03.md index 2546102cab..dddbfe0b0c 100644 --- a/1sa/09/03.md +++ b/1sa/09/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer has ended the background information that began in ([1 Samuel 9:1](.. # arise and go "stop what you are doing and go" - diff --git a/1sa/09/04.md b/1sa/09/04.md index 56fcb995f6..0e3bd4f99f 100644 --- a/1sa/09/04.md +++ b/1sa/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all areas in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # did not find them ... they were not there ... did not find them The words "them" and "they" all refer to the donkeys. - diff --git a/1sa/09/05.md b/1sa/09/05.md index ca3a58b937..6fd1d6dd5a 100644 --- a/1sa/09/05.md +++ b/1sa/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # land of Zuph This is an area in Israel just north of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/09/06.md b/1sa/09/06.md index e8a99f2c26..89e64c62d6 100644 --- a/1sa/09/06.md +++ b/1sa/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase usually means a prophet of Yahweh. See how you translated this in [1 # which way we should go on our journey "which way we should go to find the donkeys" - diff --git a/1sa/09/07.md b/1sa/09/07.md index fb4a23617e..5218e9e357 100644 --- a/1sa/09/07.md +++ b/1sa/09/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Giving a gift is a sign of respect for the man of God. # man of God This phrase usually means a prophet of Yahweh. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 2:27](../02/27.md). Alternate translation: "a man who hears and tells words from God" - diff --git a/1sa/09/08.md b/1sa/09/08.md index fefc561f39..2e61a837d7 100644 --- a/1sa/09/08.md +++ b/1sa/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one-fourth of a shekel "1/4 of a shekel." A shekel is a type of money used in the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/1sa/09/09.md b/1sa/09/09.md index 58e0cabfeb..6ddf3c7e99 100644 --- a/1sa/09/09.md +++ b/1sa/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is cultural information added by the Hebrew author. If it is not natural in # For today's prophet was formerly called a seer "Seer is the old name for what we call a prophet today" - diff --git a/1sa/09/10.md b/1sa/09/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/09/10.md +++ b/1sa/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/09/11.md b/1sa/09/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/09/11.md +++ b/1sa/09/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/09/12.md b/1sa/09/12.md index d6243a098c..716c4422da 100644 --- a/1sa/09/12.md +++ b/1sa/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people are sacrificing today These are likely the feast or first-fruit sacrifices, not the sin sacrifices, which must be held at the tabernacle. - diff --git a/1sa/09/13.md b/1sa/09/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/09/13.md +++ b/1sa/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/09/14.md b/1sa/09/14.md index 80083a2838..c93761c29a 100644 --- a/1sa/09/14.md +++ b/1sa/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to go up to the high place This is a place that the people had designated as holy to make sacrifices and offerings to Yahweh. The writer writes as though it were outside the wall that was around the city. - diff --git a/1sa/09/15.md b/1sa/09/15.md index 3a4e890df9..d12cba3865 100644 --- a/1sa/09/15.md +++ b/1sa/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer stops telling the story and gives background information so the reader can understand what happens next. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/1sa/09/16.md b/1sa/09/16.md index 5c3375b7b8..ec2c4a0223 100644 --- a/1sa/09/16.md +++ b/1sa/09/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hand" is a metonym for control. Alternate translation: "from the # For I have looked on my people with pity "My people are suffering and I want to help them" - diff --git a/1sa/09/17.md b/1sa/09/17.md index 3c20e355ef..60433d644f 100644 --- a/1sa/09/17.md +++ b/1sa/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh told him "Yahweh told Samuel" - diff --git a/1sa/09/18.md b/1sa/09/18.md index 74d26bbf90..7482356b59 100644 --- a/1sa/09/18.md +++ b/1sa/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the seer "the prophet of Yahweh" - diff --git a/1sa/09/19.md b/1sa/09/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/09/19.md +++ b/1sa/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/09/20.md b/1sa/09/20.md index 9652fa2b8e..565dc29e45 100644 --- a/1sa/09/20.md +++ b/1sa/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then on whom are all the desires of Israel set? Is it not on you and all your father's house? These questions are an expression of deep conviction that Saul is the one whom Yahweh wants to be the king that the Israelites are looking for. The questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "You should know that it is on you that all the desires of Israel are set. They are set on you and your father's family." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/09/21.md b/1sa/09/21.md index 526957d851..ff770c90c5 100644 --- a/1sa/09/21.md +++ b/1sa/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Am I not a Benjamite ... of Israel? Is not my clan ... Benjamin? Why then have you spoken to me in this manner? Saul is expressing surprise because Benjamin was the smallest tribe in Israel, and other Israelites considered the tribe unimportant. Also, Benjamites considered the clan of which Saul was a member as unimportant. These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "I am from the tribe of Benjamin, the least important of all tribes. And my clan is the least important clan in our tribe. I do not understand why you are saying that the Israelite people want me and my family to do something important." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/09/22.md b/1sa/09/22.md index c530aea104..7790e302a4 100644 --- a/1sa/09/22.md +++ b/1sa/09/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the seat of honor. # thirty people "30 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/09/23.md b/1sa/09/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/09/23.md +++ b/1sa/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/09/24.md b/1sa/09/24.md index 066c56d44a..d8d8488f77 100644 --- a/1sa/09/24.md +++ b/1sa/09/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the other food that Saul was to eat along with the meat # Then Samuel said In the original language it is not clear who is speaking. It is possible that the cook is speaking to Saul. Alternate translation: "Then the cook said" - diff --git a/1sa/09/25.md b/1sa/09/25.md index 0a6d17ed74..7f08f07f5d 100644 --- a/1sa/09/25.md +++ b/1sa/09/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the rooftop This is a normal place for family and guests to eat, visit, and sleep. It tends to be cooler in the evening and at night than the inside of the house. - diff --git a/1sa/09/26.md b/1sa/09/26.md index 832b8b22cf..67c7e11980 100644 --- a/1sa/09/26.md +++ b/1sa/09/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Samuel called to Saul on the rooftop and said What Saul was doing on the rooftop can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "while Saul was sleeping on the rooftop, Samuel called to him and said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/09/27.md b/1sa/09/27.md index f6cea984b3..708583418d 100644 --- a/1sa/09/27.md +++ b/1sa/09/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is possible that Samuel speaks all of these words. Alternate translation: "ah # that I may announce the message of God to you "so that I can tell you God's message for you" - diff --git a/1sa/09/intro.md b/1sa/09/intro.md index 9a724c45e5..130bf9fb2a 100644 --- a/1sa/09/intro.md +++ b/1sa/09/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ # 1 Samuel 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Samuel chooses Saul to be their king +## Special concepts in this chapter -When the donkeys of Saul's father strayed away, Saul went looking for them. When he could not find them, he asked Samuel to ask God where they were. Samuel said the donkeys had been found. He invited Saul as the guest of honor to a feast and gave him a place to sleep for the night. +### Samuel chooses Saul to be their king -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +When the donkeys of Saul's father strayed away, Saul went looking for them. When he could not find them, he asked Samuel to ask God where they were. Samuel said the donkeys had been found. He invited Saul as the guest of honor to a feast and gave him a place to sleep for the night. -#### Rhetorical questions +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions Saul uses two rhetorical questions to convince Samuel he is not important: "Am not I a Benjamite, from the smallest of the tribes of Israel? Is not my clan the least of all the clans of the tribe of Benjamin?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Saul uses two rhetorical questions to convince Samuel he is not important: "Am n * __[1 Samuel 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/10/01.md b/1sa/10/01.md index 282b72ddbe..977f257408 100644 --- a/1sa/10/01.md +++ b/1sa/10/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a small container made from baked clay # Has not Yahweh anointed you to be a ruler over his inheritance? Samuel knows the answer to his question. He is reminding Saul that Yahweh has chosen him to be king of Israel. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has certainly anointed you to be a ruler over his inheritance." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/02.md b/1sa/10/02.md index ad527a9e5b..fd696f47c4 100644 --- a/1sa/10/02.md +++ b/1sa/10/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # What should I do about my son? Saul's father is now concerned about Saul and wants to find him. - diff --git a/1sa/10/03.md b/1sa/10/03.md index 5c13a1f044..ef66683f4c 100644 --- a/1sa/10/03.md +++ b/1sa/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tabor This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/04.md b/1sa/10/04.md index 9ba933ffbe..5224e96366 100644 --- a/1sa/10/04.md +++ b/1sa/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # take from their hands The hands are a synecdoche for the person. "take from them" or "accept" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/05.md b/1sa/10/05.md index a7daa25cb1..6a38338f04 100644 --- a/1sa/10/05.md +++ b/1sa/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tambourine This is a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/06.md b/1sa/10/06.md index 9074a6e620..47eeaef382 100644 --- a/1sa/10/06.md +++ b/1sa/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Spirit of Yahweh will rush upon you The phrase "rush upon" means that Yahweh's Spirit will influence Saul. In this case it means it means he will make Saul prophesy and act like a different person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/07.md b/1sa/10/07.md index 58ea0689b5..a8abcbab73 100644 --- a/1sa/10/07.md +++ b/1sa/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do whatever your hand finds to do Here Samuel speaks of Saul's hand as if it were a person trying to find things. Alternate translation: "do whatever you think is right to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/08.md b/1sa/10/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/10/08.md +++ b/1sa/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/10/09.md b/1sa/10/09.md index 2f7454a877..8b74700a34 100644 --- a/1sa/10/09.md +++ b/1sa/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God gave him another heart God enabled Samuel to think differently from the way he had thought before. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/10.md b/1sa/10/10.md index b913815bf5..e4b09bed89 100644 --- a/1sa/10/10.md +++ b/1sa/10/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Spirit of God rushed upon him Samuel speaks as if the Spirit of Yahweh were a person running up to Saul and taking complete control of him. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 10:6](../10/06.md). Alternate translation: "the Spirit of Yahweh took complete control of him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/11.md b/1sa/10/11.md index e9ef68165c..652f822ae3 100644 --- a/1sa/10/11.md +++ b/1sa/10/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the people are asking for information or 2) this is a r # the son of Kish "Saul, the son of Kish" - diff --git a/1sa/10/12.md b/1sa/10/12.md index 0bc6f6e5cf..cb938db6ec 100644 --- a/1sa/10/12.md +++ b/1sa/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This man uses a rhetorical question to remind people that being a prophet has no # Because of this, it became a saying, "Is Saul also one of the prophets?" This became a proverb among the Israelites. Apparently people said this to express surprise when a person unexpectedly did something that he had not done before. The implied meaning of the question can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "And that is why, when people cannot believe some report, they think about what happened to Saul and say, 'Is Saul really one of the prophets?'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/13.md b/1sa/10/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/10/13.md +++ b/1sa/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/10/14.md b/1sa/10/14.md index 48502f7d5c..ad3b12d517 100644 --- a/1sa/10/14.md +++ b/1sa/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Saul's uncle said to him "Then the brother of Saul's father said to Saul" - diff --git a/1sa/10/15.md b/1sa/10/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/10/15.md +++ b/1sa/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/10/16.md b/1sa/10/16.md index ccf7b3416b..49a749cb5e 100644 --- a/1sa/10/16.md +++ b/1sa/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he did not tell him about the matter of the kingdom "Saul did not tell his uncle that God had appointed him to be the king of Israel" - diff --git a/1sa/10/17.md b/1sa/10/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/10/17.md +++ b/1sa/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/10/18.md b/1sa/10/18.md index 7d344fbdb8..52924568a8 100644 --- a/1sa/10/18.md +++ b/1sa/10/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. "I brought the people o # the hand of the Egyptians ... the hand of all the kingdoms The word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate translation: "the power of the Egyptians ... the power of all the kingdoms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/19.md b/1sa/10/19.md index 4bb60a4992..da0bb1ebdb 100644 --- a/1sa/10/19.md +++ b/1sa/10/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Samuel is speaking of the time since Israel had begun to reject God, not only th # present yourselves before Yahweh by your tribes and by your clans "gather together by tribes and clans and come to stand before Yahweh" - diff --git a/1sa/10/20.md b/1sa/10/20.md index 4867ba6efc..a5a925fe97 100644 --- a/1sa/10/20.md +++ b/1sa/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the tribe of Benjamin was chosen This can be translated in active form. It is probably best not to say how the people knew whom Yahweh had chosen. Alternate translation: "Yahweh chose the tribe of Benjamin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/21.md b/1sa/10/21.md index 8d7e9c684b..43d0fe6192 100644 --- a/1sa/10/21.md +++ b/1sa/10/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the clan of the Matrites was chosen ... Saul son of Kish was chosen This can be translated in active form. It is probably best not to say how the people knew whom Yahweh had chosen. Alternate translation: "Yahweh chose the clan of the Matrites ... Yahweh chose Saul son of Kish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/22.md b/1sa/10/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/10/22.md +++ b/1sa/10/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/10/23.md b/1sa/10/23.md index 9e3040437e..b5474ab082 100644 --- a/1sa/10/23.md +++ b/1sa/10/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was taller than any of the people from his shoulders upward The other tall people in Israel did not even come up to his shoulders. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 9:2](../09/02.md). - diff --git a/1sa/10/24.md b/1sa/10/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/10/24.md +++ b/1sa/10/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/10/25.md b/1sa/10/25.md index e2736462e6..447cc43e5f 100644 --- a/1sa/10/25.md +++ b/1sa/10/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the customs and rules of kingship The abstract noun "kingship" can be translated with a noun clause. Alternate translation: "the customs and rules that a king would be required to follow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/26.md b/1sa/10/26.md index 09faec9cdd..19fd402375 100644 --- a/1sa/10/26.md +++ b/1sa/10/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whose hearts God had touched God touching a person's heart is an idiom that means God put something in their mind or moved them to do something. Alternate translation: "who wanted to go with Saul because God had changed their thinking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/10/27.md b/1sa/10/27.md index 125a2fada7..f2eb814e64 100644 --- a/1sa/10/27.md +++ b/1sa/10/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a rhetorical question that is used to express sarcasm. Alternate transla # despised strongly disliked or hated - diff --git a/1sa/10/intro.md b/1sa/10/intro.md index afc8708192..7c852594f4 100644 --- a/1sa/10/intro.md +++ b/1sa/10/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,22 @@ # 1 Samuel 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the first chapter about King Saul. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Saul as the New King +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Saul as the New King + Samuel told Saul that God had chosen him to be king, and on the way home he would meet some prophets. Saul would then begin prophesying and God would give him the Holy Spirit to help him to know what to do. Samuel told everyone to come to Mizpah where he announced that God had chosen Saul to be their king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions - This chapter uses rhetorical questions to express different ideas: to state a fact ("Has not Yahweh anointed you to be a ruler over his inheritance?"), to express surprise ("And who is their father?"), to say he is someone very special ("Do you see the man that Yahweh has chosen?"), and to express contempt ("How can this man save us?"). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -#### Idioms +### Idioms Samuel frequently uses idioms when prophesying: "going to God" means "going to worship God"; "take it from their hands" means "accept their gift"; "rush upon you" means "control you"; "hand finds to do" means "what you think you should do"; "God is with you" means "God is directing you"; "another heart" means "a different way of thinking"; "came to pass" means "happened"; "before Yahweh" means "to do work for Yahweh"; and "hearts God had touched" means "God had made them want to help Saul." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) @@ -23,4 +25,3 @@ Samuel frequently uses idioms when prophesying: "going to God" means "going to w * __[1 Samuel 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/11/01.md b/1sa/11/01.md index f0f378f2dd..588b42a03c 100644 --- a/1sa/11/01.md +++ b/1sa/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man from Ammon, a descendent of Lot, Abraham's nephew. (See: [[rc://en # Jabesh Gilead This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/11/02.md b/1sa/11/02.md index 6da9916afb..6778b5f3c7 100644 --- a/1sa/11/02.md +++ b/1sa/11/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bring disgrace on "bring shame on" or "bring a bad reputation to" - diff --git a/1sa/11/03.md b/1sa/11/03.md index ad3ebfa1c3..e965c1a89c 100644 --- a/1sa/11/03.md +++ b/1sa/11/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven days "7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/11/04.md b/1sa/11/04.md index 157f0abedd..c35209a0a2 100644 --- a/1sa/11/04.md +++ b/1sa/11/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gibeah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/11/05.md b/1sa/11/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/11/05.md +++ b/1sa/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/11/06.md b/1sa/11/06.md index f599868f72..1e374213e1 100644 --- a/1sa/11/06.md +++ b/1sa/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Spirit of God rushed upon him The phrase "rushed upon" means Yahweh's Spirit influenced Saul. In this case he enabled Saul to cause the people to fearfully respect him as their king and to join his army. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Samuel 10:6](../10/06.md). - diff --git a/1sa/11/07.md b/1sa/11/07.md index ea097aae2f..7e8ca94216 100644 --- a/1sa/11/07.md +++ b/1sa/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul was calling all the men of Israel to come fight against Nahash and the Ammo # Then the terror of Yahweh fell on the people Yahweh enabled people to fearfully respect Saul as their king. The result was that the men rallied together with Saul at Bezek. - diff --git a/1sa/11/08.md b/1sa/11/08.md index c89a59a6fc..4d17ba608a 100644 --- a/1sa/11/08.md +++ b/1sa/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a town near Jabesh Gilead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transl # the people of Israel were three hundred thousand, and the men of Judah thirty thousand "the people of Israel were 300,000, and the men of Judah were 30,000" ( See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/11/09.md b/1sa/11/09.md index d997cf97f8..3c589cf664 100644 --- a/1sa/11/09.md +++ b/1sa/11/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Jabesh Gilead ... Jabesh These are the names of places. See how you translated them in [1 Samuel 11:1](../11/01.md). - diff --git a/1sa/11/10.md b/1sa/11/10.md index a16040bc8a..8928481306 100644 --- a/1sa/11/10.md +++ b/1sa/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nahash This is the name of a king. See how you translated this name in [1 Samuel 11:1](../11/01.md). - diff --git a/1sa/11/11.md b/1sa/11/11.md index c6005f7108..35d393b705 100644 --- a/1sa/11/11.md +++ b/1sa/11/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the morning watch This was before dawn when most people in the camp were still asleep. - diff --git a/1sa/11/12.md b/1sa/11/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/11/12.md +++ b/1sa/11/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/11/13.md b/1sa/11/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/11/13.md +++ b/1sa/11/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/11/14.md b/1sa/11/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/11/14.md +++ b/1sa/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/11/15.md b/1sa/11/15.md index 4297fc1c2f..aa0f7528ee 100644 --- a/1sa/11/15.md +++ b/1sa/11/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # There they sacrificed peace offerings before Yahweh Part of Samuel's service to Yahweh is to offer sacrifices even though he is not from the line of Aaron or Levi. - diff --git a/1sa/11/intro.md b/1sa/11/intro.md index b7f151dd66..0e396d2ece 100644 --- a/1sa/11/intro.md +++ b/1sa/11/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # 1 Samuel 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues the story of King Saul by telling of his first victory in war. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Saul rescues the people of Jabesh Gilead +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Saul rescues the people of Jabesh Gilead Nahash, king of the Ammonites, and his army surrounded the Israeli town of Jabesh Gilead. When the city's leaders asked for peace terms, Nahash demanded the right to poke out one eye of every man in order to show Israel their weakness. When Saul heard this, he called for all of Israel to help save this city. Many people came to help Saul's army. Israel was victorious and everyone wanted Saul as their king. At this time, Israel was not a truly unified country, even though it is often spoken of as one country. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idioms +### Idioms The idioms in this chapter explain the effect God has on his people: "rushed upon him" means "empowered him"; "terror ... fell" means "they became afraid"; "as one man" means "they all agreed"; and "put to death" means "kill." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The idioms in this chapter explain the effect God has on his people: "rushed upo * __[1 Samuel 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/12/01.md b/1sa/12/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/12/01.md +++ b/1sa/12/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/12/02.md b/1sa/12/02.md index cdab5c91ea..24ee452c8d 100644 --- a/1sa/12/02.md +++ b/1sa/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the king walking before you ... I have walked before you These expressions mean that people can actually see the kind of lives Saul and Samuel are living. Alternate translation: "the king's life was seen ... My life was seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/03.md b/1sa/12/03.md index 584ab17d14..99c67e4b71 100644 --- a/1sa/12/03.md +++ b/1sa/12/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Samuel uses another rhetorical question to say he has always been honest. Altern # Testify against me, and I will restore it to you "If I have done any of these evil things, speak now, and I will pay back what I owe. I will make right any wrong" - diff --git a/1sa/12/04.md b/1sa/12/04.md index 2ec19c4aeb..3434b0e263 100644 --- a/1sa/12/04.md +++ b/1sa/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from any man's hand This phrase means what a person possesses or what they have done to obtain favor from others. This is a polite way of saying he has not stolen, nor has he given or taken bribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/05.md b/1sa/12/05.md index b43ec342e4..6299fa7b8c 100644 --- a/1sa/12/05.md +++ b/1sa/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in my hand This phrase means what a person possesses or what they have done to obtain favor from others. This is a polite way of saying he has not stolen, nor has he given or taken bribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/06.md b/1sa/12/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/12/06.md +++ b/1sa/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/12/07.md b/1sa/12/07.md index 3780c3cb55..4d89766924 100644 --- a/1sa/12/07.md +++ b/1sa/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all of the righteous deeds of Yahweh Samuel is calling their attention to the history of Yahweh's dealing with Israel, which has been filled with goodness and purpose. - diff --git a/1sa/12/08.md b/1sa/12/08.md index abb65c3cf4..9c019d9a25 100644 --- a/1sa/12/08.md +++ b/1sa/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob ... Moses ... Aaron These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/09.md b/1sa/12/09.md index c601dbd734..c4a06dbc63 100644 --- a/1sa/12/09.md +++ b/1sa/12/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # he sold them This is an expression for God giving them over to their enemies to be their slaves. - diff --git a/1sa/12/10.md b/1sa/12/10.md index 8184748a8c..9bf75c216c 100644 --- a/1sa/12/10.md +++ b/1sa/12/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Serving here is referring to acting worshipful towards the false gods. Alternate # the hand of our enemies This statement is using "hand" to refer to power. Alternate translation: "the power or control of our enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/11.md b/1sa/12/11.md index 97a93b3dcc..c7b9ba7b7c 100644 --- a/1sa/12/11.md +++ b/1sa/12/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Samuel is telling the story of what God did after the people's confession of sin # Jerub-Baal, Bedan, Jephthah, and Samuel These are the names of some judges that God raised up. Samuel included himself in this list. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/12.md b/1sa/12/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/12/12.md +++ b/1sa/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/12/13.md b/1sa/12/13.md index 8442a3663e..28699ada55 100644 --- a/1sa/12/13.md +++ b/1sa/12/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whom you have chosen, whom you have asked for These two phrases have similar meanings and emphasize that this is the king whom the people wanted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/14.md b/1sa/12/14.md index 01d031facc..96fbb3548c 100644 --- a/1sa/12/14.md +++ b/1sa/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fear ... serve ... obey ... not rebel These similar words are used to emphasize how important this is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/15.md b/1sa/12/15.md index bbf01429b6..719895a400 100644 --- a/1sa/12/15.md +++ b/1sa/12/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh's hand will be against you, as it was against your ancestors This speaks of Yahweh punishing the people as his "hand" being against them. The word "hand" here represents Yahweh's power and control. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will punish you, just as he punished your ancestors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/16.md b/1sa/12/16.md index 84eac43413..44e2a32d0e 100644 --- a/1sa/12/16.md +++ b/1sa/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before your eyes The word "eyes" here represents the people of the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "out in the open where all of the nation of Israel may see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/17.md b/1sa/12/17.md index 7b6e2f15a2..a808e82661 100644 --- a/1sa/12/17.md +++ b/1sa/12/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Samuel knows it is harvest time. He is using a rhetorical question to emphasize # he may send thunder and rain Samuel is asking Yahweh to punish Israel for asking for a king by sending a rainstorm during the harvest which will ruin the grain. - diff --git a/1sa/12/18.md b/1sa/12/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/12/18.md +++ b/1sa/12/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/12/19.md b/1sa/12/19.md index f5b83e2fdb..9d3ee78b7c 100644 --- a/1sa/12/19.md +++ b/1sa/12/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that we do not die The ultimate punishment for sin is death. The nation of Israel had seen Yahweh destroy the nations that had oppressed them. They were concerned that they had become "dedicated for destruction" like those nations. - diff --git a/1sa/12/20.md b/1sa/12/20.md index d1ccacfc05..9d986a5692 100644 --- a/1sa/12/20.md +++ b/1sa/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not be afraid The people did evil and were afraid of God destroying them. Alternate translation: "Do not be afraid that God will be angry and destroy you because of this sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/21.md b/1sa/12/21.md index cf69d74772..55382be298 100644 --- a/1sa/12/21.md +++ b/1sa/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turn away after empty things "pursue worship of false gods" - diff --git a/1sa/12/22.md b/1sa/12/22.md index eef48dbdbb..15932ddd9d 100644 --- a/1sa/12/22.md +++ b/1sa/12/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the sake of his great name Here "name" refers to the reputation of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "So that people will continue to honor and respect Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/23.md b/1sa/12/23.md index 2729b9ea02..1f069854b9 100644 --- a/1sa/12/23.md +++ b/1sa/12/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # far be it from me that I should sin against Yahweh by ceasing to pray for you The people are filled with fear because of the rain and thunder that Yahweh sent when Samuel prayed. Some people may believe Samuel would use his prayers to harm them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/12/24.md b/1sa/12/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/12/24.md +++ b/1sa/12/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/12/25.md b/1sa/12/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/12/25.md +++ b/1sa/12/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/12/intro.md b/1sa/12/intro.md index 2cefdd77b6..e33c7c8370 100644 --- a/1sa/12/intro.md +++ b/1sa/12/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # 1 Samuel 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Samuel's farewell address -#### Samuel's farewell address This chapter serves as a type of farewell address. This is a way for leaders to give instructions to their followers before they leave or die. Samuel first established his holiness before calling on the people to repent of their desire to have a king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter It is common in Scripture to use Israel's history to show how faithful God has been. This gives the readers evidence to trust in Yahweh in their current situation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ It is common in Scripture to use Israel's history to show how faithful God has b * __[1 Samuel 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/13/01.md b/1sa/13/01.md index 6837826ab3..d391974588 100644 --- a/1sa/13/01.md +++ b/1sa/13/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Samuel has renewed Saul's kingdom at Gilgal and Samuel has reminded the people t # Saul was thirty years old ... over Israel The text of this verse in ancient copies is uncertain, so modern versions have many different translations. They are all attempts to represent the most probable meaning of the original text. - diff --git a/1sa/13/02.md b/1sa/13/02.md index 4e69e162f2..d24fef5563 100644 --- a/1sa/13/02.md +++ b/1sa/13/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Gibeah is a town. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 10:26](../10/26.md). # The rest of the soldiers he sent home "He sent the rest of the soldiers home" - diff --git a/1sa/13/03.md b/1sa/13/03.md index 8a1accc4d8..042ccb925f 100644 --- a/1sa/13/03.md +++ b/1sa/13/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Geba This is the name of the town that the Philistine garrison was stationed in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/13/04.md b/1sa/13/04.md index 902f69304b..f8aef8f6ca 100644 --- a/1sa/13/04.md +++ b/1sa/13/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Philistines hating the Israelites is spoken of as if the Israelites had beco # the soldiers were summoned together to join Saul at Gilgal This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Saul called the soldiers together to join him at Gilgal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/13/05.md b/1sa/13/05.md index 798f3aa6e3..508c1b56cf 100644 --- a/1sa/13/05.md +++ b/1sa/13/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Beth Aven This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/13/06.md b/1sa/13/06.md index 2d5daa47b8..31cb2d52ac 100644 --- a/1sa/13/06.md +++ b/1sa/13/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to the nation of Israel. # the people were distressed "the people worried greatly" - diff --git a/1sa/13/07.md b/1sa/13/07.md index 4a16b33893..979f91284f 100644 --- a/1sa/13/07.md +++ b/1sa/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # followed him trembling The people were greatly afraid. - diff --git a/1sa/13/08.md b/1sa/13/08.md index c3b9837a42..9a908bff12 100644 --- a/1sa/13/08.md +++ b/1sa/13/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the people were scattering from Saul This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people had started to leave Saul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/13/09.md b/1sa/13/09.md index 2398918dfa..17f2955140 100644 --- a/1sa/13/09.md +++ b/1sa/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then he offered the burnt offering Only the line of Aaron was permitted to perform the burnt offering sacrifice to God. - diff --git a/1sa/13/10.md b/1sa/13/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/13/10.md +++ b/1sa/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/13/11.md b/1sa/13/11.md index ecb2a6f4b3..17a3c05058 100644 --- a/1sa/13/11.md +++ b/1sa/13/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Samuel was not really asking a question, but giving a rebuke to Saul. Saul sough # Mikmash Michmash is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 13:2](../13/02.md). - diff --git a/1sa/13/12.md b/1sa/13/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/13/12.md +++ b/1sa/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/13/13.md b/1sa/13/13.md index 0b00f731c8..3f32f03c0b 100644 --- a/1sa/13/13.md +++ b/1sa/13/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Saul was to wait for Samuel to come and sacrifice the burnt offering to God. He # established your rule "set up your rule" or "authorized your rule" or "appointed your rule" - diff --git a/1sa/13/14.md b/1sa/13/14.md index c960c9a641..04512b05f9 100644 --- a/1sa/13/14.md +++ b/1sa/13/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a litotes that can be stated in the positive form. Alternate translation # a man after his own heart Here "heart" represents Yahweh's desire or will. The phrase "man after his own heart" is an idiom that means to be a person who does what Yahweh desires. Alternate translation: "a man who is the kind of person he wants" or "a man who will obey him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/13/15.md b/1sa/13/15.md index e302533976..cb9b1533e9 100644 --- a/1sa/13/15.md +++ b/1sa/13/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Gibeah is a town. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 10:26](../10/26.md). # six hundred men "600 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/13/16.md b/1sa/13/16.md index 1905874178..8d9c255f52 100644 --- a/1sa/13/16.md +++ b/1sa/13/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Geba is a town. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 13:3](../13/03.md). # Philistines camped at Mikmash Michmash is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 13:2](../13/02.md). - diff --git a/1sa/13/17.md b/1sa/13/17.md index a50976dc6f..be90faab6f 100644 --- a/1sa/13/17.md +++ b/1sa/13/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Raiders are normally military people who attack enemy villages for their food an # Ophrah, to the land of Shual These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/13/18.md b/1sa/13/18.md index 1acb9b000c..dc2bc2680f 100644 --- a/1sa/13/18.md +++ b/1sa/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Horon ... Valley of Zeboyim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/13/19.md b/1sa/13/19.md index 5c3dc60ef5..bc4ee48569 100644 --- a/1sa/13/19.md +++ b/1sa/13/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one could find a b # blacksmith Here "blacksmith" refers to someone who made or sharpened metal tools and weapons. - diff --git a/1sa/13/20.md b/1sa/13/20.md index 1c6b420df9..971bd46a64 100644 --- a/1sa/13/20.md +++ b/1sa/13/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A "mattock" is a broad-bladed axe, with a horizontal blade that is used for brea # sickle a curved blade for cutting grasses and grain stalks - diff --git a/1sa/13/21.md b/1sa/13/21.md index bc42dce20d..852e1e2807 100644 --- a/1sa/13/21.md +++ b/1sa/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The shekel is divided into 3 parts, 2 of 3 parts are given. "2/3 of a shekel" (S # straightening the goads "taking out the bend and making the ox goad straight again so it could be used" - diff --git a/1sa/13/22.md b/1sa/13/22.md index 15dffd621a..5f77d291d4 100644 --- a/1sa/13/22.md +++ b/1sa/13/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The narrative continues. # there were no swords or spears This explains in part why Saul's army was afraid. They did not have any weapons to fight. - diff --git a/1sa/13/23.md b/1sa/13/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/13/23.md +++ b/1sa/13/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/13/intro.md b/1sa/13/intro.md index 868b39174a..b680852463 100644 --- a/1sa/13/intro.md +++ b/1sa/13/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # 1 Samuel 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is the beginning of a story about Jonathan's victory over the Philistines. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Preparation for the battle +### Preparation for the battle -Saul sent most of his army home before Jonathan attacked and defeated a Philistine garrison. This attack made the Philistines very angry, and they brought a huge army into Israel and camped at the top of a hill. Most of Saul's army ran away in fear and hid from the Philistines. There are many aspects of this story that give the reader the impression that Israel was unprepared for battle. +Saul sent most of his army home before Jonathan attacked and defeated a Philistine garrison. This attack made the Philistines very angry, and they brought a huge army into Israel and camped at the top of a hill. Most of Saul's army ran away in fear and hid from the Philistines. There are many aspects of this story that give the reader the impression that Israel was unprepared for battle. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Hyperbole +### Hyperbole Wanting to express the vast number of enemy soldiers, the author uses a hyperbole: "as numerous as the sand on the seashore," meaning "too many to count." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Wanting to express the vast number of enemy soldiers, the author uses a hyperbol * __[1 Samuel 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/14/01.md b/1sa/14/01.md index 0e6d196072..5d0058227f 100644 --- a/1sa/14/01.md +++ b/1sa/14/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a teenage boy who is responsible for caring for his master's weapons of war # Philistines' garrison This is an outpost staffed by the Philistine army. - diff --git a/1sa/14/02.md b/1sa/14/02.md index 41a9cc2579..cf424a04bc 100644 --- a/1sa/14/02.md +++ b/1sa/14/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a tree whose fruit is thick skinned, round, red and has many seeds to eat # six hundred men were with him "600 men were with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/03.md b/1sa/14/03.md index 0ee54d4cde..648477f82e 100644 --- a/1sa/14/03.md +++ b/1sa/14/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Phinehas son of Eli Phinehas was one of the priests. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 1:3](../01/03.md). - diff --git a/1sa/14/04.md b/1sa/14/04.md index 01974e9b9e..08344f08e4 100644 --- a/1sa/14/04.md +++ b/1sa/14/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A "cliff" is a rocky height with a steep drop. The cliff was well-known and give # the other rocky cliff was named Seneh This was the name of the other cliff. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/05.md b/1sa/14/05.md index 222ec553b1..70cb083b73 100644 --- a/1sa/14/05.md +++ b/1sa/14/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mikmash ... Geba towns north of Jerusalem (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/06.md b/1sa/14/06.md index eb5dfd6060..77c97e78fe 100644 --- a/1sa/14/06.md +++ b/1sa/14/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a derogatory term used for non-Jewish men # by many or by few people These extremes also include everything in between. Alternate translation: "by any number of people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/07.md b/1sa/14/07.md index 37e6a20fd0..391e4918ed 100644 --- a/1sa/14/07.md +++ b/1sa/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everything that is in your heart Here "heart" refers to Jonathan's desires. Alternate translation: "everything that you desire to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/08.md b/1sa/14/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/14/08.md +++ b/1sa/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/14/09.md b/1sa/14/09.md index 5dd2429da3..1c530fa3d0 100644 --- a/1sa/14/09.md +++ b/1sa/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will not cross over to them "will not go over to the other side of the valley where the Philistines are" - diff --git a/1sa/14/10.md b/1sa/14/10.md index dce082cd05..1f54a561aa 100644 --- a/1sa/14/10.md +++ b/1sa/14/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to the power to defeat them. Alternate translation: "will ena # This will be the sign to us "This will confirm that the Lord will be with us" - diff --git a/1sa/14/11.md b/1sa/14/11.md index 87b449f614..9ccec940d3 100644 --- a/1sa/14/11.md +++ b/1sa/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the army camp # coming out of the holes where they have hidden themselves The Philistines implied that the Hebrews had been hiding in holes in the ground like animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/12.md b/1sa/14/12.md index f66ca1ab9a..14d0ac9ea3 100644 --- a/1sa/14/12.md +++ b/1sa/14/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means "we will teach you a lesson." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # has given them into the hand of Israel Here "hand" refers to power to defeat the Philistines. Alternate translation: "will enable Israel to defeat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/13.md b/1sa/14/13.md index 06a675c9b6..a6dd96c0f6 100644 --- a/1sa/14/13.md +++ b/1sa/14/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jonathan killed the P # his armor bearer put some to death behind him "Jonathan's armor bearer followed him and also killed Philistine soldiers" - diff --git a/1sa/14/14.md b/1sa/14/14.md index 8c4210ff48..b071a3d50f 100644 --- a/1sa/14/14.md +++ b/1sa/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # half an acre An acre of land was the area that a farmer could plow in a day with two oxen yoked together. - diff --git a/1sa/14/15.md b/1sa/14/15.md index d922191209..fdb1fba2a5 100644 --- a/1sa/14/15.md +++ b/1sa/14/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the Philistines who were raiding Israelite cities # The earth quaked It may be helpful to state the cause. Alternate translation: "God caused the ground to shake" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/16.md b/1sa/14/16.md index 5f74b2f8b7..72d178d029 100644 --- a/1sa/14/16.md +++ b/1sa/14/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was the town where Saul was born. Translated "Gibeah" as in [1 Samuel 10:26 # was dispersing ... going here and there These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that the soldiers were running away in every direction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/17.md b/1sa/14/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/14/17.md +++ b/1sa/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/14/18.md b/1sa/14/18.md index 297a116088..684a70f0ed 100644 --- a/1sa/14/18.md +++ b/1sa/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bring the ark of God here A few versions have "ephod" here instead of "ark of God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/19.md b/1sa/14/19.md index 072a57d67c..b17db39643 100644 --- a/1sa/14/19.md +++ b/1sa/14/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ great noise and confusion # Withdraw your hand This seems to be an idiom the means "Stop what you are doing." Saul did not want Ahijah to continue to use the ark to ask God for direction. Alternate translation: "Do not bring the sacred chest at this time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/20.md b/1sa/14/20.md index f302a3c1a0..01c6d9ef88 100644 --- a/1sa/14/20.md +++ b/1sa/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the remnant of the Israelite army that remained with Saul # Every Philistine's sword was against his fellow countrymen The swords are spoken of as if they were living people. Alternate translation: "The Philistine soldiers were striking each other with their swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/21.md b/1sa/14/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/14/21.md +++ b/1sa/14/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/14/22.md b/1sa/14/22.md index b4037bd091..141974c9d0 100644 --- a/1sa/14/22.md +++ b/1sa/14/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the men of Israel who had hidden themselves in the hills This does not refer to an ambush. These soldiers were hiding because they were afraid of the Philistines. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "the Israelite soldiers who were afraid and had hidden themselves in the hills" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/23.md b/1sa/14/23.md index 7476046617..902cab87ab 100644 --- a/1sa/14/23.md +++ b/1sa/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Aven This is a place in Israel. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 13:5](../13/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/24.md b/1sa/14/24.md index e40904abf8..c63131c248 100644 --- a/1sa/14/24.md +++ b/1sa/14/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So none of the troops tasted food It was understood by the troops that no refreshment was permitted under Saul's oath. - diff --git a/1sa/14/25.md b/1sa/14/25.md index 9f3dfc5e3b..d3c9c34e36 100644 --- a/1sa/14/25.md +++ b/1sa/14/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people entered the forest The Philistine soldiers fled through the forests and the Israelite soldiers followed them there. - diff --git a/1sa/14/26.md b/1sa/14/26.md index 3561e36d04..ffca0f7e7e 100644 --- a/1sa/14/26.md +++ b/1sa/14/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an exaggeration to emphasize how much honey there was in the forest. Alt # no one put his hand to his mouth Here putting one's "hand to his mouth" is a metonym that means to eat. Alternate translation: "no one ate any" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/27.md b/1sa/14/27.md index ceb0b05fd8..3e0f8fe992 100644 --- a/1sa/14/27.md +++ b/1sa/14/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hand to his mouth" is a metonym that means to eat. Alternate translation: # his eyes brightened This idiom means that he was strengthened. Alternate translation: "he regained his strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/28.md b/1sa/14/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/14/28.md +++ b/1sa/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/14/29.md b/1sa/14/29.md index b84f01fd78..c2964965bc 100644 --- a/1sa/14/29.md +++ b/1sa/14/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metonym that represents the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: " # my eyes have become brightened This idiom means that he was strengthened. Alternate translation: "I regained my strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/30.md b/1sa/14/30.md index 268ff189e8..18cb275316 100644 --- a/1sa/14/30.md +++ b/1sa/14/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word refers to the things the people had taken from the battle with their e # Because now the slaughter has not been great Because the troops were not able to eat during the battle, as the day progressed, they became weaker. Because of this, they were not able to kill as many of the Philistines. - diff --git a/1sa/14/31.md b/1sa/14/31.md index 0c6c3126d6..97570dcd46 100644 --- a/1sa/14/31.md +++ b/1sa/14/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a place in Zebulun in Israel (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # The people This refers to the Israelites. - diff --git a/1sa/14/32.md b/1sa/14/32.md index 710a06ec42..efc77ade7d 100644 --- a/1sa/14/32.md +++ b/1sa/14/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ate them with the blood The were so hungry they did not drain the blood first before eating. This was a violation of the Law which was given to Moses for the nation of Israel. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "ate them without draining the blood first as required by the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/33.md b/1sa/14/33.md index 76882043c0..186ca64d75 100644 --- a/1sa/14/33.md +++ b/1sa/14/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Saul is accusing his whole army of acting unfaithfully though this is a generali # Now, roll a big stone here to me The stone would hold the animals up and make it easier to drain the blood from them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/34.md b/1sa/14/34.md index 54c20c4111..94074be407 100644 --- a/1sa/14/34.md +++ b/1sa/14/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # slaughter them here and eat them This would allow Saul to observe if the blood was properly drained from the animals. - diff --git a/1sa/14/35.md b/1sa/14/35.md index d76a545a82..644c64644c 100644 --- a/1sa/14/35.md +++ b/1sa/14/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul had told the people to bring their animals to a big stone to kill and eat. # Saul built an altar to Yahweh It is unclear if Saul built this altar with the large stone that the people brought to him in [1 Samuel 14:33](../14/33.md). - diff --git a/1sa/14/36.md b/1sa/14/36.md index 4255a81aab..31da8b4af3 100644 --- a/1sa/14/36.md +++ b/1sa/14/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Saul had the support of his army to continue the fight. # Let us approach God here Here "approaching God" is associated with asking him counsel. Alternate translation: "Let us ask God what we should do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/37.md b/1sa/14/37.md index 135b28087a..bbf046615a 100644 --- a/1sa/14/37.md +++ b/1sa/14/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to the power to defeat them. Alternate translation: "enable u # But God did not answer him that day This implies that God was not willing to help Saul. - diff --git a/1sa/14/38.md b/1sa/14/38.md index d718d41eae..f27d4c1e2e 100644 --- a/1sa/14/38.md +++ b/1sa/14/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the Israelites. # learn and see how this sin has happened "find who sinned" - diff --git a/1sa/14/39.md b/1sa/14/39.md index 5de6259723..c7efea3f04 100644 --- a/1sa/14/39.md +++ b/1sa/14/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "it' refers to the guilt. Alternate translation: "Even if Jonathan my s # But none of the men among all the people answered him The people remained silent because most of them knew that Jonathan had broken Saul's oath. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "His men knew who was guilty, but none of them said anything to Saul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/40.md b/1sa/14/40.md index b703fa01d9..f525177312 100644 --- a/1sa/14/40.md +++ b/1sa/14/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then he said to all Israel This was a generalization since only the Israelite soldiers were present. Alternate translation: "Then he said to the Israelite soldiers who were there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/41.md b/1sa/14/41.md index c961a248f9..d534b5fe48 100644 --- a/1sa/14/41.md +++ b/1sa/14/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a borrowed word from the original language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/t # Jonathan and Saul were taken by lot, but the army was exonerated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The lots indicated that either Jonathan or Saul was guilty, but the army was not guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/42.md b/1sa/14/42.md index 4775fb221c..576a18f138 100644 --- a/1sa/14/42.md +++ b/1sa/14/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Jonathan was taken by lot This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then the lot indicated that Jonathan was guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/43.md b/1sa/14/43.md index c533b2c2a4..77b8994ccb 100644 --- a/1sa/14/43.md +++ b/1sa/14/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The lots had just showed that Jonathan had sinned. # I will die Possible meanings are 1) "I am willing to die" or 2) "do I deserve to be executed because of doing that?" - diff --git a/1sa/14/44.md b/1sa/14/44.md index ac74e86867..89c301f597 100644 --- a/1sa/14/44.md +++ b/1sa/14/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God do so and more also to me, if you do not die, Jonathan Saul makes a second foolish oath in less than one day. Alternate translation: "May God kill me if I do not kill you, Jonathan" - diff --git a/1sa/14/45.md b/1sa/14/45.md index ed547e5a3f..4eccc67dae 100644 --- a/1sa/14/45.md +++ b/1sa/14/45.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The people were expressing their certainty that they would not let anything happ # not one hair of his head will fall to the ground This exaggeration shows how the people of Israel would protect Jonathan and keep him safe. This litotes can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "we will protect him from any harm" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/46.md b/1sa/14/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/14/46.md +++ b/1sa/14/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/14/47.md b/1sa/14/47.md index f461a2858a..abf6f5e145 100644 --- a/1sa/14/47.md +++ b/1sa/14/47.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the people of Edom. Alternate translation: "the Edomites" (See: [ # Wherever he turned "Wherever he sent his army" - diff --git a/1sa/14/48.md b/1sa/14/48.md index d02771a729..a5ead2a13f 100644 --- a/1sa/14/48.md +++ b/1sa/14/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # out of the hands The word "hand" represents control. Alternate translation: "out of the control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/49.md b/1sa/14/49.md index 40d0efb363..ed5d7442bf 100644 --- a/1sa/14/49.md +++ b/1sa/14/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Merab ... Michal These are names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/50.md b/1sa/14/50.md index cf365660e6..9b948a40ed 100644 --- a/1sa/14/50.md +++ b/1sa/14/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ahimaaz ... Abner ... Ner These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/51.md b/1sa/14/51.md index 8a2978ad0d..689debae12 100644 --- a/1sa/14/51.md +++ b/1sa/14/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kish ... Ner ... Abner ... Abiel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/14/52.md b/1sa/14/52.md index 8a52d23f55..947526c389 100644 --- a/1sa/14/52.md +++ b/1sa/14/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he attached him to himself "he forced him to join his army" - diff --git a/1sa/14/intro.md b/1sa/14/intro.md index 86bf7a595e..04f06da93a 100644 --- a/1sa/14/intro.md +++ b/1sa/14/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # 1 Samuel 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter completes the story of Jonathan's victory over the Philistines. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The battle against the Philistines +### The battle against the Philistines Jonathan took his armor bearer to where the Philistines were on the top of the hill. He said God could use a few people just as easily as he could use many people to win his battles. He and his armor bearer started killing the Philistines, and suddenly the Philistines began fighting each other or running away. The rest of Israel, who had hidden, came and chased the Philistines. Even though Israel had a king, God was still in control of the nation of Israel. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Special reference +### Special reference The people of Israel often used the term "uncircumcised" to refer to Gentiles. Here it is used to mean the Philistines. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The people of Israel often used the term "uncircumcised" to refer to Gentiles. H * __[1 Samuel 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/15/01.md b/1sa/15/01.md index 51a0f59bae..2b69c42051 100644 --- a/1sa/15/01.md +++ b/1sa/15/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the words of Yahweh "the message of Yahweh" - diff --git a/1sa/15/02.md b/1sa/15/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/15/02.md +++ b/1sa/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/15/03.md b/1sa/15/03.md index 7920a85431..88362a9174 100644 --- a/1sa/15/03.md +++ b/1sa/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. The second phrase gives specific details # Do not spare them "Do not allow any of them to live" - diff --git a/1sa/15/04.md b/1sa/15/04.md index 0cda9f6277..007631f032 100644 --- a/1sa/15/04.md +++ b/1sa/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # two hundred thousand footmen, and ten thousand men of Judah "200,000 footmen, and 10,000 men of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/05.md b/1sa/15/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/15/05.md +++ b/1sa/15/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/15/06.md b/1sa/15/06.md index dc1798493b..3996ad06fb 100644 --- a/1sa/15/06.md +++ b/1sa/15/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kenites a nomad people group that had always been friendly to the nation of Israel (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/07.md b/1sa/15/07.md index f0a0c761ce..b6dacdb1d8 100644 --- a/1sa/15/07.md +++ b/1sa/15/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Havilah ... Shur These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/08.md b/1sa/15/08.md index ebc374bdba..801eb59685 100644 --- a/1sa/15/08.md +++ b/1sa/15/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Saul represents himself accompanied by his army. Alternate translation: "Sa # he completely destroyed all the people with the edge of the sword The "edge of the sword" represents the swords and other weapons that soldiers used in battle. Here Saul represents himself accompanied by his army. Alternate translation: "they completely destroyed all of the people with their swords" or "they killed all of the people with their swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/09.md b/1sa/15/09.md index 28237a3038..c5467cd39e 100644 --- a/1sa/15/09.md +++ b/1sa/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul disobeyed God by letting Agag live. # as well as the best of the sheep Saul disobeyed God by keeping the best of the livestock. - diff --git a/1sa/15/10.md b/1sa/15/10.md index 96919eaff9..bda8d81f28 100644 --- a/1sa/15/10.md +++ b/1sa/15/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to Samuel, saying, The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Samuel. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to Samuel:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/11.md b/1sa/15/11.md index 190e291ab4..216ad94b01 100644 --- a/1sa/15/11.md +++ b/1sa/15/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Saul not obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if Saul had physically turned away from # Samuel was angry Possible meanings are 1) Samuel was angry with Saul for his disobedience or 2) Samuel was disturbed. - diff --git a/1sa/15/12.md b/1sa/15/12.md index 5eef3f5acb..41cb233ece 100644 --- a/1sa/15/12.md +++ b/1sa/15/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Saul was full of pride. # down to Gilgal Gilgal was lower in elevation than Carmel. - diff --git a/1sa/15/13.md b/1sa/15/13.md index 2f372a1632..431a810783 100644 --- a/1sa/15/13.md +++ b/1sa/15/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have fulfilled the command of Yahweh It is not clear if Saul understood that he had not fully obeyed God's command to completely destroy the Amalekites. - diff --git a/1sa/15/14.md b/1sa/15/14.md index d99e9dbc82..397364bda4 100644 --- a/1sa/15/14.md +++ b/1sa/15/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the sounds that these animals make. Your language may have different t # in my ears ... that I hear These two phrases mean the same thing. Here "in my ears" refers to hearing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/15.md b/1sa/15/15.md index adf97e0f26..54dcf8d143 100644 --- a/1sa/15/15.md +++ b/1sa/15/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Saul is arguing that animals for sacrifice were an exception to Yahweh's command # Yahweh your God Saul here does not describe Samuel's God as his own God. - diff --git a/1sa/15/16.md b/1sa/15/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/15/16.md +++ b/1sa/15/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/15/17.md b/1sa/15/17.md index a3e9d2522f..c3f34ce540 100644 --- a/1sa/15/17.md +++ b/1sa/15/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "in your ow # were you not made the head of the tribes of Israel? Samuel uses this question to remind Saul of now much God had given him. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Yahweh made you the ruler of the tribes of Israel!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/18.md b/1sa/15/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/15/18.md +++ b/1sa/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/15/19.md b/1sa/15/19.md index cc717718e6..dc27c794b7 100644 --- a/1sa/15/19.md +++ b/1sa/15/19.md @@ -6,11 +6,10 @@ Samuel asks this question to rebuke Saul for disobeying Yahweh. This question ca Here "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: "the things that Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - # Why did you rush to the plunder and do what was evil in the sight of Yahweh? + Samuel asks this question to rebuke Saul for disobeying Yahweh. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not have rushed to the plunder and done what was evil in the sight of Yahweh!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh Here "sight" refers to Yahweh's thoughts or opinion. Alternate translation: "what Yahweh considers to be evil" or "what is evil in Yahweh's judgment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/20.md b/1sa/15/20.md index 54537abbec..b5dd398628 100644 --- a/1sa/15/20.md +++ b/1sa/15/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: "t # Agag This is the name of the king of the Amalekites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/21.md b/1sa/15/21.md index 511ca967f4..fc872ff047 100644 --- a/1sa/15/21.md +++ b/1sa/15/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This appears to be shifting the blame to the people. # Gilgal This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/22.md b/1sa/15/22.md index b31e687d83..b8df842b8c 100644 --- a/1sa/15/22.md +++ b/1sa/15/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God wanted Saul's complete obedience in the destruction of the Amalekites. Nothi # better than the fat of rams "better than to sacrifice the fat of rams as a burnt offering" - diff --git a/1sa/15/23.md b/1sa/15/23.md index dd55c1dd13..966a1636e1 100644 --- a/1sa/15/23.md +++ b/1sa/15/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "stubbornness" can be translated with a verb and the abstract # rejected you from being king "decided that you will no longer be king" - diff --git a/1sa/15/24.md b/1sa/15/24.md index dafb78ff23..29b61c5362 100644 --- a/1sa/15/24.md +++ b/1sa/15/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the reason Saul gives for not obeying God. Alternate translation: "becau # obeyed their voice Here "voice" refers to what the soldiers asked Saul to do. Alternate translation: "did what they asked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/25.md b/1sa/15/25.md index 0f49052f70..05391de80c 100644 --- a/1sa/15/25.md +++ b/1sa/15/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # return with me Saul and Samuel were apparently talking in private away from the other people. - diff --git a/1sa/15/26.md b/1sa/15/26.md index be44cececa..fe0b51e0b7 100644 --- a/1sa/15/26.md +++ b/1sa/15/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Samuel made it clear that Saul understood that he was disobeying God at the time # rejected the word of Yahweh "rejected Yahweh's command" or "rejected Yahweh's message." This means that he refused to obey Yahweh's command. Alternate translation: "refused to obey Yahweh's command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/27.md b/1sa/15/27.md index 493bb18c10..8b7aae073f 100644 --- a/1sa/15/27.md +++ b/1sa/15/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul did this to try to stop Samuel from leaving. This can be stated explicitly. # the hem of his robe "the edge of his robe" or "the fringe of his robe" - diff --git a/1sa/15/28.md b/1sa/15/28.md index 3e36eb84a3..a7f4df92a6 100644 --- a/1sa/15/28.md +++ b/1sa/15/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers back to when Saul tore Samuel's robe in [1 Samuel 15:27](../15/27.md # has given it to a neighbor of yours, one who is better than you God had already decided who would be the next king after Saul. - diff --git a/1sa/15/29.md b/1sa/15/29.md index 35393ac2c5..c18a483c86 100644 --- a/1sa/15/29.md +++ b/1sa/15/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to his thoughts and decisions. Alternate translation: "what he has d # he is not a man, that he should change his mind This is stated as a negative to emphasize that God is trustworthy. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "he is God, and will do what he says he will do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/1sa/15/30.md b/1sa/15/30.md index 2d1e0df2d1..f3233822ec 100644 --- a/1sa/15/30.md +++ b/1sa/15/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "before the # Turn again with me "Come back with me" or "Return with me" - diff --git a/1sa/15/31.md b/1sa/15/31.md index 24c4b65ef8..d1bc50e7ce 100644 --- a/1sa/15/31.md +++ b/1sa/15/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Samuel turned again after Saul This implies that Samuel changed his mind, and that they went together to where the people were. Alternate translation: "So Samuel finally agreed to do that, and they went together back to where the people were" - diff --git a/1sa/15/32.md b/1sa/15/32.md index 76982745a9..ac5ba1549f 100644 --- a/1sa/15/32.md +++ b/1sa/15/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The text here is unclear. Possible meanings are 1) Agag knows that Samuel will n # Agag came to him confined with chains and said "They brought Agag to him bound by chains and Agag said" - diff --git a/1sa/15/33.md b/1sa/15/33.md index b0245af774..20f9ab5213 100644 --- a/1sa/15/33.md +++ b/1sa/15/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of referring to killing people. Alternate translation: "kil # Then Samuel chopped Agag to pieces Samuel is the one who completed this task that Yahweh commanded Saul to do. Alternate translation: "Then Samuel cut Agag into pieces with his sword" - diff --git a/1sa/15/34.md b/1sa/15/34.md index 4168898766..8532522648 100644 --- a/1sa/15/34.md +++ b/1sa/15/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # went up to his house at Gibeah Gibeah was higher in elevation than Gilgal where Saul and Samuel had been talking. - diff --git a/1sa/15/35.md b/1sa/15/35.md index e073119219..820feb2de8 100644 --- a/1sa/15/35.md +++ b/1sa/15/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Samuel did not see Saul until the day of his death "Samuel did not see Saul again for as long as he lived" - diff --git a/1sa/15/intro.md b/1sa/15/intro.md index c84069510f..24f87edb10 100644 --- a/1sa/15/intro.md +++ b/1sa/15/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # 1 Samuel 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the end of the section on Saul and Samuel (8-15). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God wants total obedience -#### God wants total obedience Samuel told Saul that God wanted him to completely destroy the Amalekite people and animals. Saul fought the Amalekites and killed all the people except the king. He destroyed the animals that were not very good but saved the best animals. Saul told Samuel he had obeyed God's command. Samuel asked him about the animals Saul had. Saul said he had saved them for a sacrifice to God. God said that obedience was better than sacrifice. Because Saul had disobeyed him, God had chosen someone else to become king. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Idiom -#### Idiom "He has turned back from following me" is an idiom meaning "he has stopped obeying me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + When Saul insisted that he had obeyed God, Samuel rebuked him with these rhetorical questions: "What then is this bleating of sheep in my ears, and the lowing of the oxen that I hear?"; "Though you are little in your own sight, were you not made the head of the tribes of Israel?"; "Why then did you not obey the voice of Yahweh, but instead you seized the booty and did what was evil in the sight of Yahweh?"; and "Has Yahweh as much delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of Yahweh?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ When Saul insisted that he had obeyed God, Samuel rebuked him with these rhetori * __[1 Samuel 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/16/01.md b/1sa/16/01.md index 58d19b0df4..faf58e91b2 100644 --- a/1sa/16/01.md +++ b/1sa/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is a rebuke from God and can be translated as a stateme # Fill your horn with oil The term "horn" was sometimes used to refer to a "flask" that was shaped like a horn and was used for holding water or oil. A flask of oil was used for anointing a king. - diff --git a/1sa/16/02.md b/1sa/16/02.md index de2b6ba78f..0350cb7f18 100644 --- a/1sa/16/02.md +++ b/1sa/16/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can state the understood information. Alternate translation: "Take a heifer # say, 'I have come to sacrifice to Yahweh.' This has a quotation within a quotation. The direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "say to the people there that you have come to sacrifice to Yahweh." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/1sa/16/03.md b/1sa/16/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/16/03.md +++ b/1sa/16/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/16/04.md b/1sa/16/04.md index f3e9f1a063..4baa312508 100644 --- a/1sa/16/04.md +++ b/1sa/16/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The elders of the city were trembling as they came to meet him It seems the elders were trembling because they were worried that Samuel came to rebuke them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/16/05.md b/1sa/16/05.md index 160e7d4dc9..b9795f6648 100644 --- a/1sa/16/05.md +++ b/1sa/16/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "Yes, I have c # to set ... apart To set someone apart means to get that person ready for Yahweh's purposes by making sure that person is ritually clean according to the law of Moses. - diff --git a/1sa/16/06.md b/1sa/16/06.md index df9eb9dff0..4e3ef5a91f 100644 --- a/1sa/16/06.md +++ b/1sa/16/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of Jesse's oldest son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-nam # standing before him Here "him" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/1sa/16/07.md b/1sa/16/07.md index dc867617ae..0f9b3fe9dd 100644 --- a/1sa/16/07.md +++ b/1sa/16/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "Fo # on the heart Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/16/08.md b/1sa/16/08.md index f4f45948b2..59ed500362 100644 --- a/1sa/16/08.md +++ b/1sa/16/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of one of Jesse's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-na # made him pass before Samuel "told him to go to Samuel" - diff --git a/1sa/16/09.md b/1sa/16/09.md index 2735c57cca..d61d66b010 100644 --- a/1sa/16/09.md +++ b/1sa/16/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is understood that Shammah passed by Samuel. Alternate translation: "Jesse th # Shammah This is the name of one of Jesse's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/16/10.md b/1sa/16/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/16/10.md +++ b/1sa/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/16/11.md b/1sa/16/11.md index f773514c20..2f3db0ea98 100644 --- a/1sa/16/11.md +++ b/1sa/16/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we will not sit down It is understood that they were waiting to sit down and eat. Alternate translation: "we will not sit down to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/16/12.md b/1sa/16/12.md index 849f484a4a..422cd3c419 100644 --- a/1sa/16/12.md +++ b/1sa/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Now" is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the narrator # this son was ruddy The word "ruddy" means David was healthy looking. - diff --git a/1sa/16/13.md b/1sa/16/13.md index 7e736d26a1..335587e51f 100644 --- a/1sa/16/13.md +++ b/1sa/16/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that he rose up after they sat down to eat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # The Spirit of Yahweh rushed on David The phrase "rushed on" means Yahweh's Spirit influenced David. In this case it means he enabled David to fulfill whatever Yahweh wanted him to do. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Samuel 10:6](../10/06.md). - diff --git a/1sa/16/14.md b/1sa/16/14.md index ffc70263bc..35e5af3ccb 100644 --- a/1sa/16/14.md +++ b/1sa/16/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the narrator start # harmful spirit This may refer to either a "spirit that causes trouble" or an "evil spirit." - diff --git a/1sa/16/15.md b/1sa/16/15.md index da49ff438f..8c64b1845e 100644 --- a/1sa/16/15.md +++ b/1sa/16/15.md @@ -3,4 +3,5 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hearer to pay attention. Alternate translation: "Please listen carefully: a harmful spirit" # a harmful spirit -See how you translated similar words in [1 Samuel 9:6](../09/06.md). \ No newline at end of file + +See how you translated similar words in [1 Samuel 9:6](../09/06.md). diff --git a/1sa/16/16.md b/1sa/16/16.md index 7953386768..dadef60e76 100644 --- a/1sa/16/16.md +++ b/1sa/16/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The servants refer to themselves in the third person as "your servants." Alterna # is on you "troubles you" - diff --git a/1sa/16/17.md b/1sa/16/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/16/17.md +++ b/1sa/16/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/16/18.md b/1sa/16/18.md index ebc66188b6..fafcd9cd91 100644 --- a/1sa/16/18.md +++ b/1sa/16/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "a great warrior" or 2) "a very brave man." # Yahweh is with him Here "with him" means Yahweh helps and blesses David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/16/19.md b/1sa/16/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/16/19.md +++ b/1sa/16/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/16/20.md b/1sa/16/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/16/20.md +++ b/1sa/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/16/21.md b/1sa/16/21.md index 3e1b994ead..6fc4d56411 100644 --- a/1sa/16/21.md +++ b/1sa/16/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "service" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "beg # he became his armor bearer "David became Saul's armor bearer" - diff --git a/1sa/16/22.md b/1sa/16/22.md index 35e5d48eee..3ea87b5ebb 100644 --- a/1sa/16/22.md +++ b/1sa/16/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "stand before me" is an idiom that means to continue in Saul's service. Alt # he has found favor in my eyes Here "eyes" are a metonym for sight, and "my sight" represents how Saul judges or evaluates David. Alternate translation: "he has found favor in my judgment" or "I am pleased with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/16/23.md b/1sa/16/23.md index d2c8c6efc9..05565e7afe 100644 --- a/1sa/16/23.md +++ b/1sa/16/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "harmful spirit" may refer to either a "spirit that causes trouble" or an " # Saul would be refreshed and well This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the music would refresh Saul and make him well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/16/intro.md b/1sa/16/intro.md index 97eded98b1..f6589e90bc 100644 --- a/1sa/16/intro.md +++ b/1sa/16/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ # 1 Samuel 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +### 1 Samuel 16-31 Saul and David -#### 1 Samuel 16-31 Saul and David Chapter 16 establishes God's choice of David to be the next king. David receives the Holy Spirit to empower and guide him as the king. This chapter also records the Holy Spirit leaving Saul because of his disobedience. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David chosen to be the next king -#### David chosen to be the next king Humans judge others by what they look like, but God judges people by their true inner character. God rejected David's older brothers in favor of David, who truly loved and obeyed him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Question -#### Rhetorical Question God scolds Samuel with this rhetorical question for his unwillingness to accept God's decision: "How long will you mourn for Saul, since I have rejected him from being king over Israel?" It was wrong to mourn because it was God's punishment of Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +23,3 @@ God scolds Samuel with this rhetorical question for his unwillingness to accept * __[1 Samuel 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/17/01.md b/1sa/17/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/01.md +++ b/1sa/17/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/02.md b/1sa/17/02.md index b225e1a5de..205c82c1f9 100644 --- a/1sa/17/02.md +++ b/1sa/17/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Valley of Elah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/03.md b/1sa/17/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/03.md +++ b/1sa/17/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/04.md b/1sa/17/04.md index 2167145ca1..3b8ce05dc9 100644 --- a/1sa/17/04.md +++ b/1sa/17/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # six cubits and a span A cubit is a unit of measurement equal to about 46 centimeters. A span is a unit of measurement equal to about 23 centimeters. Alternate translation: "about 3 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/05.md b/1sa/17/05.md index b2e5650df3..2880c1a433 100644 --- a/1sa/17/05.md +++ b/1sa/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A "coat of chainmail" is a flexible piece of body armor covered with protective # five thousand shekels A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: "about 55 kilograms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/06.md b/1sa/17/06.md index 82435508a2..ecd2085e7e 100644 --- a/1sa/17/06.md +++ b/1sa/17/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a javelin of bronze A "javelin" is a small spear that is meant to be thrown. - diff --git a/1sa/17/07.md b/1sa/17/07.md index 00e3f3e702..a4a7282e56 100644 --- a/1sa/17/07.md +++ b/1sa/17/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # six hundred shekels of iron A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: "about 7 kilograms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/08.md b/1sa/17/08.md index e67ae88c1b..4d50105100 100644 --- a/1sa/17/08.md +++ b/1sa/17/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Am I not a Philistine, and are you not servants of Saul? Goliath uses this question to mock the Israelites. When he says that he is a Philistine, he is implying that he is strong. Alternate translation: "I am a great Philistine, and you are merely servants of Saul." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/09.md b/1sa/17/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/09.md +++ b/1sa/17/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/10.md b/1sa/17/10.md index bdd7e4c446..ae000d0ca7 100644 --- a/1sa/17/10.md +++ b/1sa/17/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I defy the ranks of Israel "I defy the army of Israel" - diff --git a/1sa/17/11.md b/1sa/17/11.md index 6651e07b6b..7a41a7d893 100644 --- a/1sa/17/11.md +++ b/1sa/17/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the Israelite soldiers who were there. # they were discouraged and greatly afraid The words "discouraged" and "greatly afraid" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of their fear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/12.md b/1sa/17/12.md index c1484ce37b..b2157596c3 100644 --- a/1sa/17/12.md +++ b/1sa/17/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jesse was an old man ... very old among men The two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/13.md b/1sa/17/13.md index d0879b3b49..1f383396f5 100644 --- a/1sa/17/13.md +++ b/1sa/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # second to him Abinadab, and the third Shammah "Abinadab the second born, and Shammah the third born." This phrase shows birth order. - diff --git a/1sa/17/14.md b/1sa/17/14.md index 21bbf7bff0..376a98fd5e 100644 --- a/1sa/17/14.md +++ b/1sa/17/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The three oldest The implied information is that these are the sons of Jesse. Alternate translation: "The three oldest sons of Jesse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/15.md b/1sa/17/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/15.md +++ b/1sa/17/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/16.md b/1sa/17/16.md index 4de56cb237..a0f86bfbbf 100644 --- a/1sa/17/16.md +++ b/1sa/17/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to present himself for battle "to show that he was ready to fight" - diff --git a/1sa/17/17.md b/1sa/17/17.md index 8fdcff88d8..ba0fb2dcc9 100644 --- a/1sa/17/17.md +++ b/1sa/17/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ephah An ephah is a unit of measurement equal to about 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/18.md b/1sa/17/18.md index 7737d96e71..5563da5448 100644 --- a/1sa/17/18.md +++ b/1sa/17/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Look to the well-being of your brothers "Check and find out how your brothers are doing" - diff --git a/1sa/17/19.md b/1sa/17/19.md index d0c2bb10af..6903cc1f1a 100644 --- a/1sa/17/19.md +++ b/1sa/17/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the Valley of Elah This is the name of a place. See how you translated it in [1 Samuel 17:2](../17/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/20.md b/1sa/17/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/20.md +++ b/1sa/17/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/21.md b/1sa/17/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/21.md +++ b/1sa/17/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/22.md b/1sa/17/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/22.md +++ b/1sa/17/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/23.md b/1sa/17/23.md index 44901b2d1e..0654435dfa 100644 --- a/1sa/17/23.md +++ b/1sa/17/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # came out of the ranks of the Philistines "stepped forward from the Philistines' battle line" - diff --git a/1sa/17/24.md b/1sa/17/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/24.md +++ b/1sa/17/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/25.md b/1sa/17/25.md index 7a8d9dd290..05d1379dc1 100644 --- a/1sa/17/25.md +++ b/1sa/17/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "him" and "his" refer to the man who kills Goliath. # will make his father's house free from taxation in Israel The word "house" refers to the household or family. Alternate translation: "will no longer require his family to pay taxes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/26.md b/1sa/17/26.md index 6d1a942f8d..aab95e350c 100644 --- a/1sa/17/26.md +++ b/1sa/17/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David said this to show his anger that this Philistine was defying God's army. A # this uncircumcised Philistine This phrase is an insult and indicates that Goliath does not belong to the living God. - diff --git a/1sa/17/27.md b/1sa/17/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/27.md +++ b/1sa/17/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/28.md b/1sa/17/28.md index b80ce903a1..8f9ccb26df 100644 --- a/1sa/17/28.md +++ b/1sa/17/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Eliab uses this question to insult David by making his work seem unimportant and # your pride, and the mischief in your heart These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/29.md b/1sa/17/29.md index 569f4a8d56..07c666d86f 100644 --- a/1sa/17/29.md +++ b/1sa/17/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What have I done now? Was it not just a question? David used these questions to express his frustration and to justify himself. Alternate translation: "I have done nothing wrong. I was only asking a question!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/30.md b/1sa/17/30.md index 5c8cdd073a..8850621f5a 100644 --- a/1sa/17/30.md +++ b/1sa/17/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He turned away from him "He" refers to David and the word "him" refers to Eliab. - diff --git a/1sa/17/31.md b/1sa/17/31.md index 4c222427d4..6781c1e268 100644 --- a/1sa/17/31.md +++ b/1sa/17/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When the words that David said were heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When the soldiers heard what David said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/32.md b/1sa/17/32.md index c08fdc50a4..7fdc918caf 100644 --- a/1sa/17/32.md +++ b/1sa/17/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The heart failing represents being terrified and losing confidence. Alternate tr # your servant will go David spoke of himself as "your servant" to show respect to Saul. Alternate translation: "I, your servant, will go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/33.md b/1sa/17/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/33.md +++ b/1sa/17/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/34.md b/1sa/17/34.md index e450d80142..4891894569 100644 --- a/1sa/17/34.md +++ b/1sa/17/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David spoke of himself as "your servant" to show respect to Saul. See how you tr # a bear A bear is a large animal with thick fur and long claws and that walks on four legs but can stand on two legs as a person does. - diff --git a/1sa/17/35.md b/1sa/17/35.md index b593de09aa..3de9a60928 100644 --- a/1sa/17/35.md +++ b/1sa/17/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "rose up against" is an idiom that refers to attacking. Alternate translati # caught him by his beard The "beard" refers to the lion's mane or the hair on the bear's face. - diff --git a/1sa/17/36.md b/1sa/17/36.md index 24ee817d33..b353a959e2 100644 --- a/1sa/17/36.md +++ b/1sa/17/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is an insult and indicates that Goliath does not belong to the livin # will be like one of them David is saying that he will be able to kill the Philistine just as he was able to kill the lion and bear. - diff --git a/1sa/17/37.md b/1sa/17/37.md index cffe86acfe..225a61142e 100644 --- a/1sa/17/37.md +++ b/1sa/17/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bears and lions use their paws when they attack, so the word "paw" represents th # the hand of this Philistine The Philistine's hand represents his power in fighting. Alternate translation: "the power of this Philistine" or "the Philistine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/38.md b/1sa/17/38.md index 969be7e148..7efd28ea46 100644 --- a/1sa/17/38.md +++ b/1sa/17/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # coat of chainmail a flexible piece of body armor covered with protective scales or small plates - diff --git a/1sa/17/39.md b/1sa/17/39.md index a34b964248..14de776afb 100644 --- a/1sa/17/39.md +++ b/1sa/17/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his sword on his armor "Saul's sword on the armor" - diff --git a/1sa/17/40.md b/1sa/17/40.md index 461863239b..cb509c011b 100644 --- a/1sa/17/40.md +++ b/1sa/17/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "his" refers to David. # His sling was in his hand A sling is a weapon for throwing stones. - diff --git a/1sa/17/41.md b/1sa/17/41.md index c4317c9c24..8b36e6290c 100644 --- a/1sa/17/41.md +++ b/1sa/17/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with his shield bearer in front of him "and his shield bearer walked in front of him" - diff --git a/1sa/17/42.md b/1sa/17/42.md index c4d70000fc..6008d9aa04 100644 --- a/1sa/17/42.md +++ b/1sa/17/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and ruddy "and healthy looking" - diff --git a/1sa/17/43.md b/1sa/17/43.md index 12359bb298..f8a8ba933c 100644 --- a/1sa/17/43.md +++ b/1sa/17/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Am I a dog, that you come to me with sticks? Here a dog represents a small animal that a person can easily kill. The word "sticks" refers to David's staff and shows Goliath's opinion that it is not a good weapon. Goliath uses this question to accuse David of insulting him. Alternate translation: "You insult me by coming at me with mere sticks as if I were just a dog!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/44.md b/1sa/17/44.md index 87d667f09a..66e656d0cd 100644 --- a/1sa/17/44.md +++ b/1sa/17/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Goliath speaks of killing David and leaving his body on the ground for the anima # birds of the heavens "birds of the sky" or "birds" - diff --git a/1sa/17/45.md b/1sa/17/45.md index 5cff212864..3741522261 100644 --- a/1sa/17/45.md +++ b/1sa/17/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" represents God's power or authority. Alternate translation: "with th # whom you have defied "whom you have provoked" or "whom you have insulted" - diff --git a/1sa/17/46.md b/1sa/17/46.md index 6aa7fb6848..03d1ba306b 100644 --- a/1sa/17/46.md +++ b/1sa/17/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David speaks of leading the Israelites in killing the Philistines and leaving th # all the earth may know The word "earth" refers to the people on earth. Alternate translation: "all the people of the earth may know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/47.md b/1sa/17/47.md index 35f1350711..5dd7fe35a9 100644 --- a/1sa/17/47.md +++ b/1sa/17/47.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Yahweh does not save with sword or spear -"Yahweh can save his people without anyone's sword or spear" +"Yahweh can save his people without anyone's sword or spear" # sword or spear @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Winning the battle is spoken of as owning the battle. Alternate translation: "Ya # he will give you into our hand Giving the Philistines into Israel's hand represents helping Israel to defeat the Philistines in battle. Alternate translation: "he will help us defeat you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/48.md b/1sa/17/48.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/48.md +++ b/1sa/17/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/49.md b/1sa/17/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/17/49.md +++ b/1sa/17/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/17/50.md b/1sa/17/50.md index fb922fc6df..9b8a98bf15 100644 --- a/1sa/17/50.md +++ b/1sa/17/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David defeated ... He hit ... put him to death ... There was no sword in David's hand Verse 50 is a summary of David's amazing victory over Goliath. The details about how he hit and killed Goliath are in [1 Samuel 17:49](../17/49.md) and 17:51. Some languages do not use summary statements like this. In those situations, translators may restructure the verses as they are in the UDB. - diff --git a/1sa/17/51.md b/1sa/17/51.md index 6ba3121f21..cd152190fb 100644 --- a/1sa/17/51.md +++ b/1sa/17/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David did this after Goliath fell to the ground in [1 Samuel 17:49](../17/49.md) # took his sword "took the Philistine's sword." Here the word "his" refers to Goliath. - diff --git a/1sa/17/52.md b/1sa/17/52.md index bb4a6e886c..080ec0e18d 100644 --- a/1sa/17/52.md +++ b/1sa/17/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The dead Philistines lay along the way to Shaaraim It can be stated clearly that the Israelites were killing the Philistines as they chased them. Alternate translation: "And they killed the Philistines as they chased them, and the bodies of the dead Philistines were on the ground along the way to Shaaraim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/17/53.md b/1sa/17/53.md index 39d709a4d0..05cd8f7e30 100644 --- a/1sa/17/53.md +++ b/1sa/17/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they plundered their camp "the Israelites plundered the Philistines' camp" - diff --git a/1sa/17/54.md b/1sa/17/54.md index a639396c04..b587fedc0e 100644 --- a/1sa/17/54.md +++ b/1sa/17/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he put his armor in his tent "he put Goliath's armor in his own tent" - diff --git a/1sa/17/55.md b/1sa/17/55.md index d04959414a..c55fa64f20 100644 --- a/1sa/17/55.md +++ b/1sa/17/55.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The conversation in 17:55-56 happened before David killed Goliath. Alternate tra # As you live This was a way of swearing that what he was about to say was true. - diff --git a/1sa/17/56.md b/1sa/17/56.md index 608637a0b6..90b0a63617 100644 --- a/1sa/17/56.md +++ b/1sa/17/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whose son the boy is "who the boy's father is" - diff --git a/1sa/17/57.md b/1sa/17/57.md index 162013daec..21b60c257a 100644 --- a/1sa/17/57.md +++ b/1sa/17/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in his hand Here "his" refers to David. - diff --git a/1sa/17/58.md b/1sa/17/58.md index 01ef7c06b8..ccf5db5fce 100644 --- a/1sa/17/58.md +++ b/1sa/17/58.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # your servant Jesse David referred to his father as "your servant" to show that his father was faithful to King Saul. - diff --git a/1sa/17/intro.md b/1sa/17/intro.md index 990e9b3852..c8c0b4d4de 100644 --- a/1sa/17/intro.md +++ b/1sa/17/intro.md @@ -1,30 +1,31 @@ # 1 Samuel 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter introduced David as a soldier, a skill that will be important for the rest of his life. +This chapter introduced David as a soldier, a skill that will be important for the rest of his life. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David kills Goliath -#### David kills Goliath Trust in God is more powerful than physical might or military training and equipment. David, trusting in the Lord and armed only with a sling, defeats Goliath who is well-armed and physically strong but who did not believe in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### Uncircumcised +### Uncircumcised The people of Israel often used the term "uncircumcised" to refer to Gentiles. Here it is used to describe the Philistines. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions David uses rhetorical questions to state his desire to fight the giant: "What will be done for the man who kills this Philistine and takes away the disgrace from Israel? Who is this uncircumcised Philistine that he should defy the armies of the living God?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) His brother uses rhetorical questions to show his disdain for his younger brother, whom he thinks is pretending to be bigger than he really is: "Why did you come down here? With whom have you left those few sheep in the wilderness?" David defends himself with some questions: "What have I done now? Was it not just a question?" -Goliath also uses a rhetorical question to show his contempt for young David: "Am I a dog, that you come to me with sticks?" +Goliath also uses a rhetorical question to show his contempt for young David: "Am I a dog, that you come to me with sticks?" ## Links: * __[1 Samuel 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/18/01.md b/1sa/18/01.md index 6aa26076a9..a6b851fdf1 100644 --- a/1sa/18/01.md +++ b/1sa/18/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Very close friendship is spoken of as if it were binding together the souls of t # Jonathan loved him as his own soul Here "loved" refers to the love between friends, not romantic love. The word "soul" represents the person or the person's life. Alternate translation: "Jonathan loved David as much as he loved himself" or "Jonathan loved David as he loved his own life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/02.md b/1sa/18/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/18/02.md +++ b/1sa/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/18/03.md b/1sa/18/03.md index f075b7c5de..bf940b500e 100644 --- a/1sa/18/03.md +++ b/1sa/18/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan loved him as his own soul Here "loved" refers to the love between friends, not romantic love. The word "soul" represents the person or the person's life. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 18:1](../18/01.md). Alternate translation: "Jonathan loved David as much as he loved himself" or "Jonathan loved David as he loved his own life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/04.md b/1sa/18/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/18/04.md +++ b/1sa/18/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/18/05.md b/1sa/18/05.md index 18c7b15fe9..75f3bd4e1d 100644 --- a/1sa/18/05.md +++ b/1sa/18/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # This was pleasing in the eyes of all the people and also in the sight of Saul's servants The phrases "in the eyes of" and "in the sight of" mean the same thing. The opinion of the people is spoken of as something that they view as either good or bad. Alternate translation: "This was pleasing in the opinions of all the people and of Saul's servants" or "This pleased all the people and Saul's servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/06.md b/1sa/18/06.md index 88800a650a..cebb936f55 100644 --- a/1sa/18/06.md +++ b/1sa/18/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is generalization that emphasizes the great number of women who came from m # with tambourines A "tambourine" is a small handheld drum. - diff --git a/1sa/18/07.md b/1sa/18/07.md index 26e5a71fc0..92895a90ef 100644 --- a/1sa/18/07.md +++ b/1sa/18/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # David his ten thousands The verb may be supplied from the previous line. Alternate translation: "David has killed his ten thousands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/08.md b/1sa/18/08.md index ac75584367..c6121b6568 100644 --- a/1sa/18/08.md +++ b/1sa/18/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What more can he have but the kingship? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "The only thing left for him to have is the kingship." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/09.md b/1sa/18/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/18/09.md +++ b/1sa/18/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/18/10.md b/1sa/18/10.md index d4169b8ffc..20e182594f 100644 --- a/1sa/18/10.md +++ b/1sa/18/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "rushed upon" means the harmful spirit influenced Saul. In this case # he prophesied "a spirit caused him to speak." Here it appears that what Saul said was of no benefit to the hearers, so some modern English versions read, "he spoke words that made no sense." - diff --git a/1sa/18/11.md b/1sa/18/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/18/11.md +++ b/1sa/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/18/12.md b/1sa/18/12.md index 982d6247a7..3457a36db9 100644 --- a/1sa/18/12.md +++ b/1sa/18/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh was with him "Yahweh was with David" - diff --git a/1sa/18/13.md b/1sa/18/13.md index fbc4155327..ca50dada0e 100644 --- a/1sa/18/13.md +++ b/1sa/18/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the word "thousand" represents the exact amount of sold # David went out and came in before the people Here "the people" refers to the soldiers under David's command. The phrases "went out" and "came in" are idioms that refer to leading the people into battle and leading them home from battle. Alternate translation: "David led his soldiers into battle and led them home from battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/14.md b/1sa/18/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/18/14.md +++ b/1sa/18/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/18/15.md b/1sa/18/15.md index c28da050e6..ea71e4ffff 100644 --- a/1sa/18/15.md +++ b/1sa/18/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he stood in awe of him Here "stood in awe" is an idiom that means to fear. Alternate translation: "he feared David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/16.md b/1sa/18/16.md index 3815c0706e..f215cd3f6b 100644 --- a/1sa/18/16.md +++ b/1sa/18/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Israel and Judah" represent the people of all of the tribes. Alternate tra # went out and came in before them The phrases "went out" and "came in" are idioms that refer to leading the people into battle and leading them home from battle. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 18:13](../18/13.md). Alternate translation: "led his soldiers into battle and led them home from battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/17.md b/1sa/18/17.md index 3e14fc7b31..61e01f2cf9 100644 --- a/1sa/18/17.md +++ b/1sa/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let not my hand be on him, but let the hand of the Philistines be on him Harming someone is spoken of as if it were placing one's hand on that person. Here, Saul is referring to killing David. Alternate translation: "I will not be the one to kill him; I will let the Philistines kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/18.md b/1sa/18/18.md index 561c523b7b..d534618875 100644 --- a/1sa/18/18.md +++ b/1sa/18/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he is not worthy of being # son-in-law to the king "husband of the king's daughter" - diff --git a/1sa/18/19.md b/1sa/18/19.md index 117db1a028..8f71f9936f 100644 --- a/1sa/18/19.md +++ b/1sa/18/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when Saul should have # she was given to Adriel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Saul gave her to Adriel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/20.md b/1sa/18/20.md index 3c6ce9dd88..be4b42a669 100644 --- a/1sa/18/20.md +++ b/1sa/18/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "loved" means she had romantic feelings for David. # They told Saul Here "they" refers to people who found out about Michal's feelings, not to David and Michal. - diff --git a/1sa/18/21.md b/1sa/18/21.md index 00894af05e..c37e4041d0 100644 --- a/1sa/18/21.md +++ b/1sa/18/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Harming someone is spoken of as if it were placing one's hand on that person. He # You will be my son-in-law "You will be the husband of my daughter" - diff --git a/1sa/18/22.md b/1sa/18/22.md index 869dec5fb5..19e94c6203 100644 --- a/1sa/18/22.md +++ b/1sa/18/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Now then "For these reasons you should" - diff --git a/1sa/18/23.md b/1sa/18/23.md index e6a25b88f0..f07dd9ef96 100644 --- a/1sa/18/23.md +++ b/1sa/18/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is it a small matter to you to be the king's son-in-law, since I am a poor man, and lightly esteemed? David asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that he is not worthy to be the king's son-in-law. Alternate translation: "It is a great matter to be the king's son-in-law, and I am too poor and unimportant for that." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/24.md b/1sa/18/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/18/24.md +++ b/1sa/18/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/18/25.md b/1sa/18/25.md index fa9f59f02f..af72042ddd 100644 --- a/1sa/18/25.md +++ b/1sa/18/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to get revenge on the # to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines Here "fall" means to die. The phrase "by the hand" is an idiom that tells us the means by which something will happen, in this case, David will be killed by the Philistines. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to have the Philistines kill David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/26.md b/1sa/18/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/18/26.md +++ b/1sa/18/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/18/27.md b/1sa/18/27.md index a7e83140da..ec3163f975 100644 --- a/1sa/18/27.md +++ b/1sa/18/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be rendered numerically. Alternate translation: "200 Philistines" (See: # they gave them in full number to the king "David and his men gave all of them to the king" - diff --git a/1sa/18/28.md b/1sa/18/28.md index 09129baa29..274dd8f37b 100644 --- a/1sa/18/28.md +++ b/1sa/18/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "saw" and "knew" share similar meanings and emphasize that Saul k # Michal, Saul's daughter, loved him Here "loved" means she had romantic feelings for David. - diff --git a/1sa/18/29.md b/1sa/18/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/18/29.md +++ b/1sa/18/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/18/30.md b/1sa/18/30.md index d4fe65a6dc..62cb840936 100644 --- a/1sa/18/30.md +++ b/1sa/18/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Many modern English translations understand this phrase as a metonym for the suc # so that his name was highly regarded Here "name" is a metonym for David. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that people greatly respected David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/18/intro.md b/1sa/18/intro.md index ecedb2d1a1..12136d3b04 100644 --- a/1sa/18/intro.md +++ b/1sa/18/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 1 Samuel 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting - -This is the first chapter of a section explaining why Saul wants to kill David. +## Structure and formatting + +This is the first chapter of a section explaining why Saul wants to kill David. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 18:7. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Saul is jealous of David's popularity -#### Saul is jealous of David's popularity Saul's son, Jonathan, loves David. David is successful in battling the Philistines, and Saul is happy until the women give David more attention than they give him. He fears that David will replace him as king. This is potentially confusing because the author has already established that David will be the next king. It is probably that Saul feared David would kill him in order to be the next king sooner, or that he did not really believe David would be the next king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]]) -#### Jonathan's love of David +### Jonathan's love of David + Some scholars believe Jonathan loved David as a man loves his wife. There is no reason to translate this as if Jonathan were a homosexual. Instead, treat this as a brotherly type of love. ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Some scholars believe Jonathan loved David as a man loves his wife. There is no * __[1 Samuel 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/19/01.md b/1sa/19/01.md index e86d087515..3ca0a2f872 100644 --- a/1sa/19/01.md +++ b/1sa/19/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "his" refers to Saul. # took great pleasure in David Jonathan greatly enjoyed being with David. - diff --git a/1sa/19/02.md b/1sa/19/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/19/02.md +++ b/1sa/19/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/19/03.md b/1sa/19/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/19/03.md +++ b/1sa/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/19/04.md b/1sa/19/04.md index b68ee6ce43..a4dfa079f3 100644 --- a/1sa/19/04.md +++ b/1sa/19/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not let the king sin against his servant Jonathan speaks as if Saul is another person to show Saul that Jonathan respects Saul. Alternate translation: "Do not sin against your servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/19/05.md b/1sa/19/05.md index d15eb9ebdd..523d2c7d95 100644 --- a/1sa/19/05.md +++ b/1sa/19/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jonathan asks this question to rebuke Saul. This rhetorical question can be tran # sin against innocent blood Here "blood" is a metonym for the life of an innocent person. Alternate translation: "commit the sin of murder" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/19/06.md b/1sa/19/06.md index 6d097f36f4..3d47451a40 100644 --- a/1sa/19/06.md +++ b/1sa/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will not be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not put him to death" or "I will not kill him" or "I will certainly keep him alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/19/07.md b/1sa/19/07.md index bab5bab448..812dd83539 100644 --- a/1sa/19/07.md +++ b/1sa/19/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was in his presence David was in Saul's presence. - diff --git a/1sa/19/08.md b/1sa/19/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/19/08.md +++ b/1sa/19/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/19/09.md b/1sa/19/09.md index f2f632c1f0..db8bd50fbb 100644 --- a/1sa/19/09.md +++ b/1sa/19/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A harmful spirit from Yahweh Here "harmful spirit" may refer to either "a spirit that causes trouble" or "an evil spirit." See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 16:14](../16/14.md). - diff --git a/1sa/19/10.md b/1sa/19/10.md index b9c35e9557..865b668729 100644 --- a/1sa/19/10.md +++ b/1sa/19/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pin David to the wall with the spear throw his spear so it would go through David and into the wall - diff --git a/1sa/19/11.md b/1sa/19/11.md index 46cc946e0b..c5aa45d6d7 100644 --- a/1sa/19/11.md +++ b/1sa/19/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "save your life" is an idiom that refers to escape. Alternate translation: # you will be killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone will kill you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/19/12.md b/1sa/19/12.md index f724c5007a..24bc5a4367 100644 --- a/1sa/19/12.md +++ b/1sa/19/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Michal helps David escape King Saul. She uses a household idol to make David's bed look like he is sleeping in it. - diff --git a/1sa/19/13.md b/1sa/19/13.md index 1a672d55bf..e3e03a9bae 100644 --- a/1sa/19/13.md +++ b/1sa/19/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she put a pillow of goats' hair at its head, and covered it with the clothes Possible meanings are 1) the head of the idol was lying on the goat's hair pillow and Michal dressed the idol in David's clothes or 2) Michal used David's clothes as a blanket to completely cover the idol and made the "pillow" of goat's hair look like David's hair sticking out from under the blanket of clothes. - diff --git a/1sa/19/14.md b/1sa/19/14.md index bff50c3c23..d0630e94f2 100644 --- a/1sa/19/14.md +++ b/1sa/19/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Saul acts out his desire to kill David. # she said Here "she" refers to Michal. - diff --git a/1sa/19/15.md b/1sa/19/15.md index 675b73d01d..d58ab57567 100644 --- a/1sa/19/15.md +++ b/1sa/19/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bring him up to me in the bed The reason why the men thought David was in bed can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "If he really is too sick to come to me, bring me the bed with him in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/19/16.md b/1sa/19/16.md index 102af417da..62fe87b60b 100644 --- a/1sa/19/16.md +++ b/1sa/19/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 19:13](../19/13.md). # behold The word "behold" here shows that the messengers were surprised by what they saw. - diff --git a/1sa/19/17.md b/1sa/19/17.md index 8880c15738..2d62d262c9 100644 --- a/1sa/19/17.md +++ b/1sa/19/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Saul really wants to know why Michal did what she did o # Let me go. Why should I kill you? Although David did not actually say this, Michal tells Saul that David threatened her with this question. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I will kill you if you do not help me to escape." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/19/18.md b/1sa/19/18.md index c9511e74eb..25319a88ed 100644 --- a/1sa/19/18.md +++ b/1sa/19/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David flees to Samuel. # Now This word is used here to show that the writer has started to tell a new part of the story. - diff --git a/1sa/19/19.md b/1sa/19/19.md index 824f4c3702..164013edad 100644 --- a/1sa/19/19.md +++ b/1sa/19/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Saul" (S # See "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" - diff --git a/1sa/19/20.md b/1sa/19/20.md index 33bdca3f35..240e036169 100644 --- a/1sa/19/20.md +++ b/1sa/19/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # standing as head over them Here "head" refers to a position of authority. Alternate translation: "acting as their leader" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/19/21.md b/1sa/19/21.md index 4bd4471652..36f8859b86 100644 --- a/1sa/19/21.md +++ b/1sa/19/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When Saul was told this This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When someone told Saul this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/19/22.md b/1sa/19/22.md index bc02c54cd9..48ec519bd4 100644 --- a/1sa/19/22.md +++ b/1sa/19/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ramah ... Seku ... Naioth These are place names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/19/23.md b/1sa/19/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/19/23.md +++ b/1sa/19/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/19/24.md b/1sa/19/24.md index 9b47864d0e..2a7a43aa02 100644 --- a/1sa/19/24.md +++ b/1sa/19/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This became a proverb among the Israelites. Apparently people said this to expre # they ask Here "they" refers to people in general. The question became a proverb among the people. - diff --git a/1sa/19/intro.md b/1sa/19/intro.md index 1db99375d7..6fac301cde 100644 --- a/1sa/19/intro.md +++ b/1sa/19/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # 1 Samuel 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### God protects David -Jonathan persuades Saul not to kill David, but Saul again becomes jealous and orders his servants to bring David to him to be killed. God uses Michal to save David. David flees to Samuel and they begin prophesying. When Saul sends servants to capture David, they begin prophesying. This causes Saul to go himself and he begins to prophesy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) +### God protects David + +Jonathan persuades Saul not to kill David, but Saul again becomes jealous and orders his servants to bring David to him to be killed. God uses Michal to save David. David flees to Samuel and they begin prophesying. When Saul sends servants to capture David, they begin prophesying. This causes Saul to go himself and he begins to prophesy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: * __[1 Samuel 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/20/01.md b/1sa/20/01.md index 65719a46d0..f040210399 100644 --- a/1sa/20/01.md +++ b/1sa/20/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These three questions mean basically the same thing. David uses them to emphasiz # that he seeks to take my life? Here "take my life" is an idiom for "kill me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/02.md b/1sa/20/02.md index 745526d414..59b25cc2ce 100644 --- a/1sa/20/02.md +++ b/1sa/20/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jonathan uses this question to emphasize that Saul would have told him if he pla # It is not so "It is not true" - diff --git a/1sa/20/03.md b/1sa/20/03.md index 9ac632af15..1a7062438c 100644 --- a/1sa/20/03.md +++ b/1sa/20/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this will grieve him" # there is but a step between me and death Here "step between me and death" is an idiom that refers to being very close to death. Alternate translation: "I am very close to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/04.md b/1sa/20/04.md index 33d63495d0..2870df8ce9 100644 --- a/1sa/20/04.md +++ b/1sa/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: David proposes a test against King Saul to Jonathan. - diff --git a/1sa/20/05.md b/1sa/20/05.md index 5da03ad113..28f4391f62 100644 --- a/1sa/20/05.md +++ b/1sa/20/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ On the first of every month the people would celebrate and offer sacrifices to G # until the third day at evening "until the evening of the day after tomorrow" - diff --git a/1sa/20/06.md b/1sa/20/06.md index 1106626833..c52a95d6fe 100644 --- a/1sa/20/06.md +++ b/1sa/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David's continues to describe the test he proposes. # asked leave of me "asked me if I would allow him to leave" - diff --git a/1sa/20/07.md b/1sa/20/07.md index 87c518c22f..0ef823d804 100644 --- a/1sa/20/07.md +++ b/1sa/20/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Saul. # your servant will have peace David speaks of himself as if he were another person to show that he respects Jonathan. Alternate translation: "I, your servant, will have peace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/08.md b/1sa/20/08.md index 3ad27b6f4a..0296f2353e 100644 --- a/1sa/20/08.md +++ b/1sa/20/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ What it was that the two men agreed on can be made explicit. Alternate translati # for why then should you bring me to your father? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "then there would be no reason for you to bring me to your father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/09.md b/1sa/20/09.md index 14c0c5745f..0ffb323020 100644 --- a/1sa/20/09.md +++ b/1sa/20/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means it will never happen to you. Alternate translation: # would I not tell you? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I would certainly tell you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/10.md b/1sa/20/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/20/10.md +++ b/1sa/20/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/20/11.md b/1sa/20/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/20/11.md +++ b/1sa/20/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/20/12.md b/1sa/20/12.md index 3fa6833377..b3a3bc6a56 100644 --- a/1sa/20/12.md +++ b/1sa/20/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # will I not then send to you and make it known to you? Jonathan uses this question to emphasize that he will tell David if Saul intends to harm him. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "then I will certainly send to you and make it known to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/13.md b/1sa/20/13.md index afc1363fb6..b2721c9a05 100644 --- a/1sa/20/13.md +++ b/1sa/20/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # may Yahweh do to Jonathan and more also This is an idiom. Jonathan uses this oath for emphasis and speaks of himself as if he were another person. Alternate translation: "may Yahweh do to me whatever harm my father intends to do to you, and even more than that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/14.md b/1sa/20/14.md index 34e5621091..efc1f9ec4e 100644 --- a/1sa/20/14.md +++ b/1sa/20/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jonathan asks this question to confirm that David will do this. This rhetorical # show me the covenant faithfulness of Yahweh The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful." Possible meanings for "of Yahweh" are 1) "be faithful to me as Yahweh is faithful" or 2) "be faithful to me as Yahweh requires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/15.md b/1sa/20/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/20/15.md +++ b/1sa/20/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/20/16.md b/1sa/20/16.md index 74112a2285..737ffa7a6e 100644 --- a/1sa/20/16.md +++ b/1sa/20/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the people who live in the house. Alternate tr # May Yahweh require an accounting from the hand of the enemies of David The hand is a synecdoche for the person. Possible meanings are 1) "May Yahweh use David's enemies to punish David if David breaks this promise" or 2) "May Yahweh destroy the enemies of David." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/17.md b/1sa/20/17.md index e55eea05ca..8ea89bdb56 100644 --- a/1sa/20/17.md +++ b/1sa/20/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he loved him as he loved his own soul Here "his own soul" refers to himself. Alternate translation: "Jonathan loved David as much as he loved himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/18.md b/1sa/20/18.md index 3fd6ed6f2b..e86ace4144 100644 --- a/1sa/20/18.md +++ b/1sa/20/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will be missed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My father will miss you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/19.md b/1sa/20/19.md index 94a27277e9..be21166ded 100644 --- a/1sa/20/19.md +++ b/1sa/20/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the stone Ezel "Ezel" was the name of the stone. Alternate translation: "the stone that people call Ezel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/20.md b/1sa/20/20.md index 98b42c89cf..51af617514 100644 --- a/1sa/20/20.md +++ b/1sa/20/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jonathan continues to speak to David. # to the side of it Here the word "it" refers to the stone by which David was to hide. - diff --git a/1sa/20/21.md b/1sa/20/21.md index afb07ff0a2..74499d7a70 100644 --- a/1sa/20/21.md +++ b/1sa/20/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These refer to the same person. # then come "then you, David, come" - diff --git a/1sa/20/22.md b/1sa/20/22.md index 53295912b5..84a62b900d 100644 --- a/1sa/20/22.md +++ b/1sa/20/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Jonathan continues to speak to David. - diff --git a/1sa/20/23.md b/1sa/20/23.md index c4232dc0b9..253f69456e 100644 --- a/1sa/20/23.md +++ b/1sa/20/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "we know that Yahweh" or 2) "pay attention because this # Yahweh is between you and me Possible meanings are 1) "Yahweh is a witness between you and me" or "Yahweh will be watching how we treat each other" or 2) "May Yahweh be a witness between you and me" or "May Yahweh watch how we treat each other" - diff --git a/1sa/20/24.md b/1sa/20/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/20/24.md +++ b/1sa/20/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/20/25.md b/1sa/20/25.md index ff9c069797..bd8a061800 100644 --- a/1sa/20/25.md +++ b/1sa/20/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan stood up Some ancient copies have "Jonathan sat across from him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-manuscripts]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/26.md b/1sa/20/26.md index f3ce3bcf79..79d634f4da 100644 --- a/1sa/20/26.md +++ b/1sa/20/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is not clean; surely he is not clean According to the law of Moses, a person who is ceremonially unclean is not to participate in the feast until the priest declares that he is clean. Saul repeats this phrase as if he is trying to convince himself. - diff --git a/1sa/20/27.md b/1sa/20/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/20/27.md +++ b/1sa/20/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/20/28.md b/1sa/20/28.md index 4153225ffb..1e39913a7b 100644 --- a/1sa/20/28.md +++ b/1sa/20/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # asked permission from me to go "asked me to allow him to go" - diff --git a/1sa/20/29.md b/1sa/20/29.md index 63d2fb4386..5c8ba12d39 100644 --- a/1sa/20/29.md +++ b/1sa/20/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. See # the king's table Jonathan speaks of Saul as if he is another person to show that he respects Saul. Alternate translation: "your table" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/30.md b/1sa/20/30.md index 67d21e940f..e9b4b4e93b 100644 --- a/1sa/20/30.md +++ b/1sa/20/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Saul uses this question to emphasize that he knows that Jonathan and David are f # to the shame of your mother's nakedness Here "mother's nakedness" is an idiom that refers to the mother who gave birth to you. Alternate translation: "to the shame of your mother who gave birth to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/31.md b/1sa/20/31.md index bbb70901c9..c235a429cc 100644 --- a/1sa/20/31.md +++ b/1sa/20/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # neither you nor your kingdom will be established This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will not become king and will not establish your kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/32.md b/1sa/20/32.md index ec1ad24795..daa42e297f 100644 --- a/1sa/20/32.md +++ b/1sa/20/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For what reason should he be put to death? What has he done? Jonathan is trying to get Saul to think carefully about what he is doing. This can be translated as a statement, and the words "should he be put to death" can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "You have no good reason to put him to death. He has done nothing wrong." or "You have no good reason to kill him. He has done nothing wrong." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/33.md b/1sa/20/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/20/33.md +++ b/1sa/20/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/20/34.md b/1sa/20/34.md index 9fc91721ac..c770fc60cb 100644 --- a/1sa/20/34.md +++ b/1sa/20/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he was grieving over # had dishonored him Here "him" refers to David. - diff --git a/1sa/20/35.md b/1sa/20/35.md index 3faee38966..dfd122dd3e 100644 --- a/1sa/20/35.md +++ b/1sa/20/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a young man was with him Here "him" refers to Jonathan. - diff --git a/1sa/20/36.md b/1sa/20/36.md index ad16fb6712..98fe520dbd 100644 --- a/1sa/20/36.md +++ b/1sa/20/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he shot an arrow beyond him "Jonathan shot an arrow beyond the young man" - diff --git a/1sa/20/37.md b/1sa/20/37.md index 63206f8dae..1b20142221 100644 --- a/1sa/20/37.md +++ b/1sa/20/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is not the arrow beyond you? Jonathan uses this question to emphasize that the arrow is farther ahead of the young man. The uses of litotes also emphasizes this. The rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should know that the arrow is beyond you." or "The arrow is far beyond you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/1sa/20/38.md b/1sa/20/38.md index cdebb0a68e..05e811fb6b 100644 --- a/1sa/20/38.md +++ b/1sa/20/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # called after the young man, "Hurry "called out to the young man, who was running away from him, 'Hurry" - diff --git a/1sa/20/39.md b/1sa/20/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/20/39.md +++ b/1sa/20/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/20/40.md b/1sa/20/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/20/40.md +++ b/1sa/20/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/20/41.md b/1sa/20/41.md index 96640074f1..1afce4ef21 100644 --- a/1sa/20/41.md +++ b/1sa/20/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It seems that David had hidden behind a pile of earth or stones. # lay facedown on the ground, and bowed himself three times. David bowed before Jonathan, who was still the King's son, worthy of such respect. Also, this was the last time David met with Jonathan. - diff --git a/1sa/20/42.md b/1sa/20/42.md index 7fbef70a0a..cb20caf645 100644 --- a/1sa/20/42.md +++ b/1sa/20/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May Yahweh be between you and me Possible meanings are 1) "Yahweh is a witness between you and me" or "Yahweh will be watching how we treat each other" or 2) "May Yahweh be a witness between you and me" or "May Yahweh watch how we treat each other." See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 20:23](../20/23.md). - diff --git a/1sa/20/intro.md b/1sa/20/intro.md index 5ef5bb0ced..c76bb8f721 100644 --- a/1sa/20/intro.md +++ b/1sa/20/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # 1 Samuel 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Jonathan warns David -#### Jonathan warns David David tells Jonathan that Saul is still trying to kill him. Jonathan promises to find out if this is true. When David misses dinner two consecutive days, Saul asks about him. Jonathan says that David went home for an annual sacrifice. Saul gets angry at Jonathan, telling him he will never be king unless they kill David. Saul throws his spear at Jonathan. Jonathan warns David to run away, but first they both promise to always be friends. It was usually a king's son who became king after his death in the ancient Near East. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor David uses a powerful metaphor and an oath to impress Jonathan with the danger he is in: "But as truly as Yahweh lives, and as you live, there is but a step between me and death." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ David uses a powerful metaphor and an oath to impress Jonathan with the danger h * __[1 Samuel 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/21/01.md b/1sa/21/01.md index c778d471d1..e6f7573198 100644 --- a/1sa/21/01.md +++ b/1sa/21/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # trembling shaking in fear - diff --git a/1sa/21/02.md b/1sa/21/02.md index ea2d9e13c7..13dcea23ad 100644 --- a/1sa/21/02.md +++ b/1sa/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I have directed the young men to a certain place "I have told the young men to go to another place, and I will meet them there later" - diff --git a/1sa/21/03.md b/1sa/21/03.md index e711902fef..6a6384c648 100644 --- a/1sa/21/03.md +++ b/1sa/21/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "on hand" is a metonym meaning "available." Alternate translation: "What fo # Give me five loaves of bread This is a polite request. - diff --git a/1sa/21/04.md b/1sa/21/04.md index ba51e2cbfe..d4b3d337e2 100644 --- a/1sa/21/04.md +++ b/1sa/21/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ bread that the priests have not used in worship # if the young men have kept themselves from women This can be translated as a complete sentence by supplying the understood information. Alternate translation: "Your men may eat it if they have not slept with women recently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/05.md b/1sa/21/05.md index 996d72286f..54ec2bc6ae 100644 --- a/1sa/21/05.md +++ b/1sa/21/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The young men hav # How much more today will what they have be set apart This is a statement, not a question. It can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "It is especially true today that they will set apart what they have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/06.md b/1sa/21/06.md index 312b099292..76a37ef033 100644 --- a/1sa/21/06.md +++ b/1sa/21/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the bread that th # which was removed from before Yahweh, in order to put This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "which the priests had removed from before Yahweh so that they could put" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/07.md b/1sa/21/07.md index d864f8a259..45cd7f8c44 100644 --- a/1sa/21/07.md +++ b/1sa/21/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to say clearly that Doeg saw what David did. Alternate translation: # Doeg the Edomite This is the name of a man from the land of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/08.md b/1sa/21/08.md index 5b9bebfd8b..9b337bae52 100644 --- a/1sa/21/08.md +++ b/1sa/21/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "on hand" is a metonym meaning "available." See how you translated this in # weapons a general name for such things as swords, knives, bows and arrows, and spears - diff --git a/1sa/21/09.md b/1sa/21/09.md index 46046fed8c..d6c2b8ef73 100644 --- a/1sa/21/09.md +++ b/1sa/21/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Valley of Elah This is the name of a place in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/10.md b/1sa/21/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/21/10.md +++ b/1sa/21/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/21/11.md b/1sa/21/11.md index c2391a8e9e..b8d4cc4a3d 100644 --- a/1sa/21/11.md +++ b/1sa/21/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They were probably exaggerating when they said that David was king of the land. # Did they not sing to one another about him in dances, 'Saul ... thousands?' This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that when the people of the land were dancing, they sang to each other about him, 'Saul ... thousands.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/12.md b/1sa/21/12.md index 33d5614148..c33f01aeb8 100644 --- a/1sa/21/12.md +++ b/1sa/21/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David took these words to heart Here "took ... to heart" is a metonym to think seriously about what was said. Alternate translation: "David thought seriously about what the servants said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/13.md b/1sa/21/13.md index efcd53bcdc..b053d150bd 100644 --- a/1sa/21/13.md +++ b/1sa/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in their hands Here "hands" are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "in their presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/14.md b/1sa/21/14.md index e38cd23fa8..8ff0890365 100644 --- a/1sa/21/14.md +++ b/1sa/21/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why have you brought him to me? Possible meanings are 1) Achish demands that his servants explain why they have brought David to him or 2) Achish is scolding them with a rhetorical question. Alternate translation: "You should have known not to bring him to me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/15.md b/1sa/21/15.md index b20350b6be..a8f1e04048 100644 --- a/1sa/21/15.md +++ b/1sa/21/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is a rebuke. Alternate translation: "There are enough m # Will this fellow really come into my house? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Do not allow this fellow to enter my house." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/21/intro.md b/1sa/21/intro.md index 8c484e7c49..81d3bedbf4 100644 --- a/1sa/21/intro.md +++ b/1sa/21/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # 1 Samuel 21 General Notes - -### Structure and formatting + +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 21:11. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### David and the chief priest -David visits the chief priest and lies to him about being on a special mission for the king. He asks for food, weapons, and prayer. The chief priest gives him some sacred bread and Goliath's sword and prays for him. +### David and the chief priest + +David visits the chief priest and lies to him about being on a special mission for the king. He asks for food, weapons, and prayer. The chief priest gives him some sacred bread and Goliath's sword and prays for him. + +### David and the king of Gath -#### David and the king of Gath David flees to Gath. The advisers to the king tell him that David is almost the king of Israel. David becomes afraid of the king and pretends to be insane. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions The king of Gath's advisers use two rhetorical questions to warn him about how dangerous David could be: "Is not this David the king of the land? Did they not sing to one another about him in dances, 'Saul has killed his thousands, and David his ten thousands?'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ The king of Gath's advisers use two rhetorical questions to warn him about how d * __[1 Samuel 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/22/01.md b/1sa/22/01.md index 65741284e0..a9c3281bfd 100644 --- a/1sa/22/01.md +++ b/1sa/22/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a town near the city of Gath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tra # heard it heard that David had gone to hide in the cave - diff --git a/1sa/22/02.md b/1sa/22/02.md index f651f89bb9..de7b2c4caa 100644 --- a/1sa/22/02.md +++ b/1sa/22/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ military officer who leads soldiers # four hundred "400" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/03.md b/1sa/22/03.md index 3e2011cbd3..80be961efb 100644 --- a/1sa/22/03.md +++ b/1sa/22/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # go out with you David wanted his parents to live with the king of Moab so that King Saul would not be able to harm them. Translators can express his basic meaning by using the ideas of "come to stay with you," "stay with you," or "live here with you," as in the UDB. - diff --git a/1sa/22/04.md b/1sa/22/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/22/04.md +++ b/1sa/22/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/22/05.md b/1sa/22/05.md index 878316df11..322a4eddb2 100644 --- a/1sa/22/05.md +++ b/1sa/22/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Hereth This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/06.md b/1sa/22/06.md index b7e553f3a5..2b2ff198ab 100644 --- a/1sa/22/06.md +++ b/1sa/22/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul was most interested in David, so the writer mentions the other men separate # the tamarisk tree This is a type of tree. Alternate translation: "a large shade tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/07.md b/1sa/22/07.md index 0c4eae1fef..c2e5ebe2f4 100644 --- a/1sa/22/07.md +++ b/1sa/22/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ You may need to make explicit when he will make them captains. Alternate transla # captains of thousands and captains of hundreds Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these captains led. Alternate translation: "captains of 1,000 soldiers and captains of 100 soldiers" or 2) the words translated as "thousands" and "hundreds" do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: "captains of large military divisions and captains of smaller military divisions" See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Samuel 17:18](../17/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/08.md b/1sa/22/08.md index d100d09ed0..664588359c 100644 --- a/1sa/22/08.md +++ b/1sa/22/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues what Saul said to his servants. - diff --git a/1sa/22/09.md b/1sa/22/09.md index 9dd15cfd3d..9f54b82101 100644 --- a/1sa/22/09.md +++ b/1sa/22/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a place name and the name of a man. See how you translated this in [1 Sa # Ahitub This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/10.md b/1sa/22/10.md index ebb3d92f9a..89cf19a135 100644 --- a/1sa/22/10.md +++ b/1sa/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He prayed to Yahweh that he might help him, and he gave him Ahitub prayed to Yahweh that Yahweh might help David, and Ahitub gave David - diff --git a/1sa/22/11.md b/1sa/22/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/22/11.md +++ b/1sa/22/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/22/12.md b/1sa/22/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/22/12.md +++ b/1sa/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/22/13.md b/1sa/22/13.md index de5d37882d..a39ccefd5e 100644 --- a/1sa/22/13.md +++ b/1sa/22/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # rise up "rebel" or "fight" - diff --git a/1sa/22/14.md b/1sa/22/14.md index 5313beae30..cb2d05c5dd 100644 --- a/1sa/22/14.md +++ b/1sa/22/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a person or group of people who protect someone # is honored in your house The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom your family honors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/15.md b/1sa/22/15.md index ac4bda91fd..450f54c190 100644 --- a/1sa/22/15.md +++ b/1sa/22/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ to consider someone guilty # to all the house of my father Here "house" represents "family." Alternate translation: "to all my father's family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/16.md b/1sa/22/16.md index 627ee04402..4aeb39f388 100644 --- a/1sa/22/16.md +++ b/1sa/22/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your father's house The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate translation: "your father's family" or "your father's descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/17.md b/1sa/22/17.md index 5d596d8852..857fc66815 100644 --- a/1sa/22/17.md +++ b/1sa/22/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "hand" is a metonym for the work done with the hand. Alternate translat # would not put out their hand to kill The word "hand" is a metonym for the work done with the hand. Alternate translation: "did not do anything to kill" or "refused to kill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/18.md b/1sa/22/18.md index ba77d75db3..66e6d74200 100644 --- a/1sa/22/18.md +++ b/1sa/22/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 21:7](../21/ # eighty-five persons "85 men" or "85 priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/19.md b/1sa/22/19.md index 4a04b29cdf..dcb0e3d164 100644 --- a/1sa/22/19.md +++ b/1sa/22/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Doeg killed all the priests himself or 2) the word "Doe # Nob Nob is the name of a city. Here the name "Nob" represents the people of that city. Alternate translation: "the people in the city of Nob" or "the people of Nob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/20.md b/1sa/22/20.md index 6b028d641b..02d6bed25b 100644 --- a/1sa/22/20.md +++ b/1sa/22/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abiathar This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/22/21.md b/1sa/22/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/22/21.md +++ b/1sa/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/22/22.md b/1sa/22/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/22/22.md +++ b/1sa/22/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/22/23.md b/1sa/22/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/22/23.md +++ b/1sa/22/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/22/intro.md b/1sa/22/intro.md index 192eabb454..2c27b2e54b 100644 --- a/1sa/22/intro.md +++ b/1sa/22/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # 1 Samuel 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting There are two stories in this chapter: David gathering a group of followers and Saul having all the priests and their families killed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David assembles a force of unhappy people -#### David assembles a force of unhappy people David hides in the wilderness, and people in trouble come to him. Soon he has a force of 500 men. The prophet then tells him to leave the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -#### Saul and the chief priest's family +### Saul and the chief priest's family + Doeg tells Saul that Ahimelech the priest gave David food and a sword and prayed for him. Saul accuses the priests of encouraging David to rebel. This is a serious accusation because the priests are God's representatives and are rebelling against God's king if the accusation is true. Saul has the priests and all their families killed except those who escape to David. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Doeg tells Saul that Ahimelech the priest gave David food and a sword and prayed * __[1 Samuel 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/23/01.md b/1sa/23/01.md index 96f681b246..20df0cff46 100644 --- a/1sa/23/01.md +++ b/1sa/23/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # threshing separating the grain or seeds, generally from a cereal plant or wheat by some mechanical means - diff --git a/1sa/23/02.md b/1sa/23/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/23/02.md +++ b/1sa/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/23/03.md b/1sa/23/03.md index e113ee706c..85dc76fb5d 100644 --- a/1sa/23/03.md +++ b/1sa/23/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How much more then if we go to Keilah against the armies of the Philistines? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "We will be even more fearful if we go to Keilah to fight the armies of the Philistines." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/04.md b/1sa/23/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/23/04.md +++ b/1sa/23/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/23/05.md b/1sa/23/05.md index e48755fe6a..c64d06990d 100644 --- a/1sa/23/05.md +++ b/1sa/23/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went ... fought ... led ... struck ... saved The writer pays the most attention to David, so these words are all singular, though David's men helped him do all these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/06.md b/1sa/23/06.md index 11d4c914c8..ec480b029c 100644 --- a/1sa/23/06.md +++ b/1sa/23/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahimelek This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 21:1](../21/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/07.md b/1sa/23/07.md index 54cdb70780..12a9fdd7a4 100644 --- a/1sa/23/07.md +++ b/1sa/23/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Saul was told This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Saul" or "They told Saul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/08.md b/1sa/23/08.md index 8475f76739..6938856a71 100644 --- a/1sa/23/08.md +++ b/1sa/23/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ officially called. The reader should understand that Saul probably told his offi # all his forces "all his soldiers" - diff --git a/1sa/23/09.md b/1sa/23/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/23/09.md +++ b/1sa/23/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/23/10.md b/1sa/23/10.md index 0147f6207b..b2df0b8c66 100644 --- a/1sa/23/10.md +++ b/1sa/23/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David speaks as if he were someone else to show his respect for Yahweh. Alternat # destroy the city make the city so no one could live in it and kill all the people who live there - diff --git a/1sa/23/11.md b/1sa/23/11.md index 8415a63308..c211158ac1 100644 --- a/1sa/23/11.md +++ b/1sa/23/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David speaks as if he were someone else to show his respect for Yahweh. Alternat # surrender me into his hand Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "give me over to Saul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/12.md b/1sa/23/12.md index 3fed18bb82..d237f1529b 100644 --- a/1sa/23/12.md +++ b/1sa/23/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ or "David asked" or "David prayed" # surrender me and my men into the hand of Saul Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "give me and my men over to Saul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/13.md b/1sa/23/13.md index 297d1af668..86c04a6bcf 100644 --- a/1sa/23/13.md +++ b/1sa/23/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Saul # had escaped "had run away from" - diff --git a/1sa/23/14.md b/1sa/23/14.md index f3b44e25a0..26ef729ff3 100644 --- a/1sa/23/14.md +++ b/1sa/23/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a deserted area near the city of Ziph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # did not give him into his hand The word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate translation: "did not allow Saul to have power over David" or "did not allow Saul to do as he desired with David" or "did not allow Saul to capture David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/15.md b/1sa/23/15.md index 59c1505bda..e14fb4a0b3 100644 --- a/1sa/23/15.md +++ b/1sa/23/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "try to kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # Horesh This is the name of city near Ziph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/16.md b/1sa/23/16.md index 0811762cc4..dae509ea8d 100644 --- a/1sa/23/16.md +++ b/1sa/23/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # strengthened his hand in God This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "encouraged him to trust in God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/17.md b/1sa/23/17.md index 87ac836664..1a733ab216 100644 --- a/1sa/23/17.md +++ b/1sa/23/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the hand of Saul my father will not find you Here "hand" is a metonym for Saul and his power. Alternate translation: "For Saul my father will not find you" or "For Saul my father will never be able to have power over you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/18.md b/1sa/23/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/23/18.md +++ b/1sa/23/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/23/19.md b/1sa/23/19.md index 9e4722c431..ac1d1d459e 100644 --- a/1sa/23/19.md +++ b/1sa/23/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a hill in the wilderness of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # Jeshimon This is the name of a desert area near the Dead Sea. It can also be translated as "the Judean Wilderness" or "the wasteland." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/20.md b/1sa/23/20.md index 5ac92b21a5..bafe223810 100644 --- a/1sa/23/20.md +++ b/1sa/23/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # surrender him into the king's hand The word "hand" is a metonym for power. The Ziphites speak to Saul as if he were another man to show him that they respect him. Alternate translation: "give David to you so you can do whatever you desire with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/21.md b/1sa/23/21.md index a658eafa4a..e404877bcd 100644 --- a/1sa/23/21.md +++ b/1sa/23/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I hope that Yahwe # you have had compassion on me The abstract noun "compassion" can be translated with the adjective "kind." Saul says this because they had told him about David and they were willing to help Saul capture David. Alternate translation: "you have been kind to me" or "you have kindly told this to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/22.md b/1sa/23/22.md index 66d038f5ff..ecea62ccd3 100644 --- a/1sa/23/22.md +++ b/1sa/23/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two words mean almost the same thing and can be translated as one phrase. # It is told to me This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "People tell me" or "I have heard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/23.md b/1sa/23/23.md index 5ea5a90ee1..5b52700e89 100644 --- a/1sa/23/23.md +++ b/1sa/23/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # among all the thousands of Judah This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "even if I have to arrest every man in Judah" or "among all the clans of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/24.md b/1sa/23/24.md index 4c59f3b20f..b65a039892 100644 --- a/1sa/23/24.md +++ b/1sa/23/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a desert area near the Dead Sea. It can also be translated a # the wilderness of Maon This is the name of the deserted area around the city of Maon in southern Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/25.md b/1sa/23/25.md index ca1bc1ef5b..5806ef8790 100644 --- a/1sa/23/25.md +++ b/1sa/23/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Davi # rocky hill a hill covered with many rocks or boulders - diff --git a/1sa/23/26.md b/1sa/23/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/23/26.md +++ b/1sa/23/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/23/27.md b/1sa/23/27.md index 6e54643ae7..1b184edf68 100644 --- a/1sa/23/27.md +++ b/1sa/23/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hurry and come The words "hurry" and "come" can be combined into one idea. Alternate translation: "Come quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/28.md b/1sa/23/28.md index 8437aa8cd5..bd322fa03b 100644 --- a/1sa/23/28.md +++ b/1sa/23/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Sela Hammahlekoth The name means "Rock of Escape." This was a memorial or marker of David's escape from Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/23/29.md b/1sa/23/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/23/29.md +++ b/1sa/23/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/23/intro.md b/1sa/23/intro.md index a276b2f9f5..4fd2dbd077 100644 --- a/1sa/23/intro.md +++ b/1sa/23/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # 1 Samuel 23 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Saul chases David -Saul wants to kill David, but David trusts in God who keeps rescuing him. David rescues the town of Keilah from the Philistines who are stealing their harvest. Saul goes to Keilah to capture David, but David flees to the wilderness near Ziph. When David goes deeper into the wilderness, Saul follows but he has to leave to fight the Philistines who have invaded the land. Saul's pursuit of David shows that Saul cares more about killing his enemies than pleasing God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) +### Saul chases David -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +Saul wants to kill David, but David trusts in God who keeps rescuing him. David rescues the town of Keilah from the Philistines who are stealing their harvest. Saul goes to Keilah to capture David, but David flees to the wilderness near Ziph. When David goes deeper into the wilderness, Saul follows but he has to leave to fight the Philistines who have invaded the land. Saul's pursuit of David shows that Saul cares more about killing his enemies than pleasing God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Synecdoche -#### Synecdoche Jonathan strengthens David with a synecdoche: "For the hand of Saul my father will not find you." This helps to strengthen David's faith. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Jonathan strengthens David with a synecdoche: "For the hand of Saul my father wi * __[1 Samuel 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/24/01.md b/1sa/24/01.md index e773400d92..c06975c6ee 100644 --- a/1sa/24/01.md +++ b/1sa/24/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone told him" # wilderness of En Gedi Engedi is a place in Israel west of the Dead Sea where there is water with dry land all around it. - diff --git a/1sa/24/02.md b/1sa/24/02.md index 50fe8d8bfa..04e9bf61d5 100644 --- a/1sa/24/02.md +++ b/1sa/24/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # chosen men men whom he had chosen because of their superior military abilities - diff --git a/1sa/24/03.md b/1sa/24/03.md index bdb220b0d8..4fe7a08b14 100644 --- a/1sa/24/03.md +++ b/1sa/24/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a euphemism for "relieve himself" or "defecate" or "empty his intestines # cave generally a natural hole under the ground, often with an opening in the side of a hill or cliff - diff --git a/1sa/24/04.md b/1sa/24/04.md index f97cc120ce..318f0360b0 100644 --- a/1sa/24/04.md +++ b/1sa/24/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "arose" is an idiom for taking action. Alternate translation: "David to # crept approached slowly, carefully or quietly - diff --git a/1sa/24/05.md b/1sa/24/05.md index 1e2fd8f733..b84ec7f9f9 100644 --- a/1sa/24/05.md +++ b/1sa/24/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David's heart afflicted him This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "David was sad because he had done something wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/06.md b/1sa/24/06.md index 8c86072092..1cad6247e7 100644 --- a/1sa/24/06.md +++ b/1sa/24/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to put out my hand against him The hand is a metonym for the ability to cause harm. Alternate translation: "to harm him in any way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/07.md b/1sa/24/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/24/07.md +++ b/1sa/24/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/24/08.md b/1sa/24/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/24/08.md +++ b/1sa/24/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/24/09.md b/1sa/24/09.md index fa9c4509ed..610df2de93 100644 --- a/1sa/24/09.md +++ b/1sa/24/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why do you listen to the men who say, 'See, David is seeking your harm? This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not listen to the men who say, 'See, David is seeking to harm you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/10.md b/1sa/24/10.md index af97323eaf..9009f1656f 100644 --- a/1sa/24/10.md +++ b/1sa/24/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "your eyes" represent King Saul. Alternate translation: "you have seen with # put you into my hand The word "hand" is a metonym for control. Alternate translation: "put you where I could kill you or allow you to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/11.md b/1sa/24/11.md index f99f0a1697..393de4af0c 100644 --- a/1sa/24/11.md +++ b/1sa/24/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul was not David's real father. David calls him "father" to show that he respe # there is no evil or treason in my hand David speaks as if evil and treason were physical objects he could hold in his hand. Here "hand" represents a person acting or doing something. Alternate translation: "I have done no evil deed against you, nor have I rebelled against you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/12.md b/1sa/24/12.md index 2cf43452e0..a53f343217 100644 --- a/1sa/24/12.md +++ b/1sa/24/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my hand must not be against you The hand is a metonym for the ability to cause harm. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Samuel 24:6](../24/06.md). Alternate translation: "I will not harm you in any way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/13.md b/1sa/24/13.md index 17fd7dc154..2bff6ed1db 100644 --- a/1sa/24/13.md +++ b/1sa/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ancients This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "people who lived long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/14.md b/1sa/24/14.md index 5055e53e18..81eb9df883 100644 --- a/1sa/24/14.md +++ b/1sa/24/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "dead dog" are a metaphor for a powerless person. This sentence can be # After a flea The word "flea" is a metaphor for a person whom others do not consider important. Alternate translation: "You are pursuing a person who is as unimportant as a flea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/15.md b/1sa/24/15.md index 691bf13ef2..83db4312eb 100644 --- a/1sa/24/15.md +++ b/1sa/24/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "do what is right, and plead my cause" or 2) "see that # from your hand The word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate translation: "so that you have no power over me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/16.md b/1sa/24/16.md index a4d2e97462..9512af720d 100644 --- a/1sa/24/16.md +++ b/1sa/24/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul speaks as if David were his son to show David that he loves him. (See: [[rc # lifted up his voice and wept The writer writes as if a voice were something a person could lift up with his hands. Alternate translation: "wept loudly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/17.md b/1sa/24/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/24/17.md +++ b/1sa/24/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/24/18.md b/1sa/24/18.md index 50c53f6761..b9e69e54b0 100644 --- a/1sa/24/18.md +++ b/1sa/24/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul acknowledges that David did show that he supported King Saul and was loyal # for you did not kill me when Yahweh had put me at your mercy Saul acknowledges that David chose to show mercy and demonstrated his loyalty to King Saul as Yahweh's anointed. - diff --git a/1sa/24/19.md b/1sa/24/19.md index 1d284f593a..fe686358e8 100644 --- a/1sa/24/19.md +++ b/1sa/24/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A rhetorical question with the answer included in the question. Alternate transl # For if a man finds his enemy, will he let him go safely? Where Saul had believed David was his enemy, he learns that even though David will be king, David will not take over the throne from Saul by force, but will wait for Yahweh's appointed time. - diff --git a/1sa/24/20.md b/1sa/24/20.md index a489ae26c9..7d4a77708a 100644 --- a/1sa/24/20.md +++ b/1sa/24/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) David will cause the # in your hand The word "hand" is a metonym that represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/21.md b/1sa/24/21.md index 873394400a..fc7a1af5ee 100644 --- a/1sa/24/21.md +++ b/1sa/24/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will not destroy my name out of my father's house It is important for each family in Israel to have descendants from generation to generation carrying on the family name and land inheritance. Alternate translation: "you will not destroy my family and descendants" or "you will allow my family to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/24/22.md b/1sa/24/22.md index 9bd0ba36df..4fdab91999 100644 --- a/1sa/24/22.md +++ b/1sa/24/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David and his men "David and his army" - diff --git a/1sa/24/intro.md b/1sa/24/intro.md index f490a52bfc..e6567db9aa 100644 --- a/1sa/24/intro.md +++ b/1sa/24/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 1 Samuel 24 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter Even though Saul tries again and again to kill David, David does not avenge himself on Saul because God had chosen Saul as king. This is meant to contrast with Saul's treatment of David, the future king. Saul represents the king the people wanted, a selfish man. David is the king God wanted, a godly man. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Even though Saul tries again and again to kill David, David does not avenge hims * __[1 Samuel 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/25/01.md b/1sa/25/01.md index 85efdaa323..9e4c7ff918 100644 --- a/1sa/25/01.md +++ b/1sa/25/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are that they buried Samuel 1) in his home town of Ramah or 2) # David rose and went down "David and his men moved on and they went down" - diff --git a/1sa/25/02.md b/1sa/25/02.md index bd38a8ebc1..dffb3bc53e 100644 --- a/1sa/25/02.md +++ b/1sa/25/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of a town. This is different from Mount Carmel. (See: [[rc://en # shearing his sheep "shaving the wool off his sheep" - diff --git a/1sa/25/03.md b/1sa/25/03.md index 7239395edf..9d67ce7633 100644 --- a/1sa/25/03.md +++ b/1sa/25/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # He was a descendant of the house of Caleb Here "house" represents family. Alternate translation: "He was a descendant of the family of Caleb" or "He was a descendant of Caleb" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/04.md b/1sa/25/04.md index 89ce1b55bc..13a4e6b9ee 100644 --- a/1sa/25/04.md +++ b/1sa/25/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # shearing his sheep "shaving the wool off his sheep" - diff --git a/1sa/25/05.md b/1sa/25/05.md index ea7eee1b07..52245844b3 100644 --- a/1sa/25/05.md +++ b/1sa/25/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # greet him in my name "greet him as I would greet him if I were there" - diff --git a/1sa/25/06.md b/1sa/25/06.md index 2d87f575c5..3944069114 100644 --- a/1sa/25/06.md +++ b/1sa/25/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Peace to you and peace to your house, and peace be to all that you have "I desire that peace may come to you, your household and your possessions" - diff --git a/1sa/25/07.md b/1sa/25/07.md index 2f1eb3b8c9..fbb42741e9 100644 --- a/1sa/25/07.md +++ b/1sa/25/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we did them no harm, and they missed nothing David is pointing out how he and his men offered protection to Nabal's servants and flocks. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "we kept them and all their property from harm" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/08.md b/1sa/25/08.md index 18c148dcf2..2b75c8e4bf 100644 --- a/1sa/25/08.md +++ b/1sa/25/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David was expressing respect toward Nabal by calling his men Nabal's servants. # your son David David spoke as if he were Nabal's son to show that he respected Nabal, who was an older man. - diff --git a/1sa/25/09.md b/1sa/25/09.md index b47ab3eea3..5c70eec103 100644 --- a/1sa/25/09.md +++ b/1sa/25/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # said all of this to Nabal in David's name "told Nabal that this message had come from David" - diff --git a/1sa/25/10.md b/1sa/25/10.md index 3dc29c0249..a77da6534f 100644 --- a/1sa/25/10.md +++ b/1sa/25/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nabal used questions to emphasize that he had no reason to help David. These two # breaking away from "running away from" or "rebelling against" - diff --git a/1sa/25/11.md b/1sa/25/11.md index d81539fb44..9b218ee45b 100644 --- a/1sa/25/11.md +++ b/1sa/25/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "bread" is an idiom for any kind of food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-i # men who come from I do not know where "men when I do not know where they have come from" or "men whom I do not know" - diff --git a/1sa/25/12.md b/1sa/25/12.md index 95b31e9249..331abe1ec5 100644 --- a/1sa/25/12.md +++ b/1sa/25/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that was said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Nabal had said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/13.md b/1sa/25/13.md index eeaabbea87..43bf89b7e6 100644 --- a/1sa/25/13.md +++ b/1sa/25/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ If swords are not known in your language, you can treat "strap on his sword" as # stayed by the baggage They remained at their base camp to prevent other raiders from stealing their possessions. - diff --git a/1sa/25/14.md b/1sa/25/14.md index 45a0461905..ac651b03f5 100644 --- a/1sa/25/14.md +++ b/1sa/25/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But one of the young men told Abigail, Nabal's wife You may need to make explicit what the young man did before he spoke with Abigail. Alternate translation: "One of Nabal's servants found out what David and his men were planning to do, so he went to Nabal's wife Abigail" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/15.md b/1sa/25/15.md index e988bc1275..980af037f7 100644 --- a/1sa/25/15.md +++ b/1sa/25/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Nobody harmed us" # did not miss anything as long as we went with them "we did not lose anything when we were with them." David's men kept wild animals and other people from stealing Nabal's flocks. - diff --git a/1sa/25/16.md b/1sa/25/16.md index e60d6bb1a6..f67ca77fbf 100644 --- a/1sa/25/16.md +++ b/1sa/25/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They were a wall David's men were like a wall around a city that protects the people in the city from their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/17.md b/1sa/25/17.md index b5511836a7..a489c12f7c 100644 --- a/1sa/25/17.md +++ b/1sa/25/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The speaker is careful not to name the one plotting the evil. This can be transl # our master The speaker speaks of David as if David were another person to show that he respects David. Alternate translation: "you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/18.md b/1sa/25/18.md index ca44cee08f..d3bb17090b 100644 --- a/1sa/25/18.md +++ b/1sa/25/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a generic term as none is given. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bv # clusters of raisins "cakes of raisins" or "masses of raisins" - diff --git a/1sa/25/19.md b/1sa/25/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/25/19.md +++ b/1sa/25/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/25/20.md b/1sa/25/20.md index 6a6e22cd6c..477b391ccd 100644 --- a/1sa/25/20.md +++ b/1sa/25/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # by the cover of the mountain Possible meanings are 1) into a low, narrow stream bed or 2) to where the men were hiding. - diff --git a/1sa/25/21.md b/1sa/25/21.md index 3694662128..3d7202ba4e 100644 --- a/1sa/25/21.md +++ b/1sa/25/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "Now" is used here to mark a break in the story. The author stops telli # nothing was missed of all that belonged to him This can be stated positively and in active form. Alternate translation: "he still has everything that was his" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/22.md b/1sa/25/22.md index 576a8f5000..fc9fe75d8e 100644 --- a/1sa/25/22.md +++ b/1sa/25/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Many modern English translations read, "May God do so to David." This follows th # all who belong "all the people who belong to him" or "those in his family" - diff --git a/1sa/25/23.md b/1sa/25/23.md index 75d72ff606..7862e367b7 100644 --- a/1sa/25/23.md +++ b/1sa/25/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer has finished giving background information, so he continues the story # lay before David facedown and bowed herself to the ground Abigail was being humble and showing that she would obey David because he was a powerful leader. - diff --git a/1sa/25/24.md b/1sa/25/24.md index 3c6c6d50f5..7aa80f6412 100644 --- a/1sa/25/24.md +++ b/1sa/25/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my master ... your servant ... words of your servant "David ... me ... my words." Abigail speaks of herself and David as if they are two other people, to show that she respects David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/25.md b/1sa/25/25.md index 306d44f869..052ac3efdd 100644 --- a/1sa/25/25.md +++ b/1sa/25/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Abigail speaks of herself and David as if they are other people to show that she # But I ... did not see ... whom you sent You may need to make explicit what Abigail would have done. Alternate translation: "But if I ... had seen ... whom you sent, I would have given them food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/26.md b/1sa/25/26.md index b804e61793..d788915b37 100644 --- a/1sa/25/26.md +++ b/1sa/25/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The hand is a metonym for what a person does with the hand. Abigail assumes that # let your enemies ... be like Nabal Abigail speaks as if Yahweh has already punished Nabal. Alternate translation: "I hope that Yahweh will punish your enemies ... as he will punish Nabal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/27.md b/1sa/25/27.md index ebb8ab92f7..0000895a09 100644 --- a/1sa/25/27.md +++ b/1sa/25/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Abigail uses the passive to show her respect for David. This can be translated i # your servant has ... my master ... my master Abigail speaks of herself and David as if they are two other people to show that she respects David. Alternate translation: "I have ... you ... you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/28.md b/1sa/25/28.md index d27d76f95e..0187ccadb6 100644 --- a/1sa/25/28.md +++ b/1sa/25/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "house" is an idiom used for "descendants." Alternate translation: "Yahweh # evil will not be found in you This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will ever see you do any evil thing" or "you will never do anything evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/29.md b/1sa/25/29.md index 11547dee32..a657cde492 100644 --- a/1sa/25/29.md +++ b/1sa/25/29.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Abigail speaks of David's enemies' lives as if they were small objects like a st # a sling a piece of animal skin with long cords at both ends in which a person can put a stone or other small, hard object and throw it a long distance - diff --git a/1sa/25/30.md b/1sa/25/30.md index a98b8164fe..b1deb07c2c 100644 --- a/1sa/25/30.md +++ b/1sa/25/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Abigail continues to reason with David. # my master Abigail speaks of David as if he is another person, to show that she respects David. Alternate translation: "you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/31.md b/1sa/25/31.md index 4eb6875b95..61391ad6bb 100644 --- a/1sa/25/31.md +++ b/1sa/25/31.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Connecting Statement: -Abigail finishes reasoning with David. +Abigail finishes reasoning with David. # This will not cause grief or a troubled heart to my master—that you have poured out innocent blood, or because my master attempted to rescue himself @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Abigail speaks of herself and David as if they are two other people, to show tha # when Yahweh will do good for my master That is, when Yahweh actually makes him king after Saul's reign is over. - diff --git a/1sa/25/32.md b/1sa/25/32.md index f79933913a..ecc821d5f5 100644 --- a/1sa/25/32.md +++ b/1sa/25/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David accepts Abigail's counsel and gifts. # May Yahweh ... be blessed, he who This can be translated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "I praise Yahweh ... who" or 2) "May all people praise Yahweh ... who." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/33.md b/1sa/25/33.md index f8778165b9..0806254e5c 100644 --- a/1sa/25/33.md +++ b/1sa/25/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ murder. The same word appears in [1 Samuel 25:26](../25/26.md). # with my own hand The word "hand" here is a metonym for the action taken by the hand. Alternate translation: "by my own actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/34.md b/1sa/25/34.md index e667951404..8ba6581fff 100644 --- a/1sa/25/34.md +++ b/1sa/25/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David accepts Abigail's gifts and agrees to do as she has advised him. # there would certainly have not been left to Nabal so much as one male baby This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I would not have left to Nabal even one male baby" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/35.md b/1sa/25/35.md index c2ce38a5b0..7510045ca7 100644 --- a/1sa/25/35.md +++ b/1sa/25/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Abigail did not unload all gifts from the donkeys herself. Alt # have listened to your voice The word "voice" is a metonym for the message the person speaks and a synecdoche for the person who speaks. Alternate translation: "have listened to what you have told me" or "will do as you have advised me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/36.md b/1sa/25/36.md index 2278f3b6be..81b8b3ddeb 100644 --- a/1sa/25/36.md +++ b/1sa/25/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ dawn # Nabal's heart was merry within him Nabal was very happy - diff --git a/1sa/25/37.md b/1sa/25/37.md index 2f0a68ef3b..452b509bf0 100644 --- a/1sa/25/37.md +++ b/1sa/25/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Nabal was no longer drunk and so was no longer feeling happy. # his heart died within him Nabal was unable to move because was so afraid that he was no longer physically healthy, probably because he had suffered a stroke. - diff --git a/1sa/25/38.md b/1sa/25/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/25/38.md +++ b/1sa/25/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/25/39.md b/1sa/25/39.md index 39acb99728..455df3cdf4 100644 --- a/1sa/25/39.md +++ b/1sa/25/39.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The head is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "on him" (See: [ # sent and spoke to Abigail, to take her to himself as wife You may make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "sent men to speak to Abigail and tell her that David wanted to take her to be his wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/40.md b/1sa/25/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/25/40.md +++ b/1sa/25/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/25/41.md b/1sa/25/41.md index bc422a7981..e8192b1d93 100644 --- a/1sa/25/41.md +++ b/1sa/25/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Abigail responded by bowing. The reader should understand that she was probably # See, your female servant is a servant to wash the feet of the servants of my master Abigail speaks as if she were another person to show that she is humble. She shows that she desires to be David's new wife by offering to wash the feet of David's servants. Alternate translation: "See, I will serve you, the servants of my master David, by washing your feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/42.md b/1sa/25/42.md index cfac3e9c09..d6019b172a 100644 --- a/1sa/25/42.md +++ b/1sa/25/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make explicit what Abigail did after she arose and before she ro # five servant girls of hers who followed her Abigail was riding a donkey, but the servant girls were walking. - diff --git a/1sa/25/43.md b/1sa/25/43.md index 95782bdfbc..88aa772154 100644 --- a/1sa/25/43.md +++ b/1sa/25/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This event took place before David married Abigail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/w # Ahinoam This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/44.md b/1sa/25/44.md index bd6097a201..0b37e367a3 100644 --- a/1sa/25/44.md +++ b/1sa/25/44.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Gallim This is a town north of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/25/intro.md b/1sa/25/intro.md index f10b45eea8..dba8052f00 100644 --- a/1sa/25/intro.md +++ b/1sa/25/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,13 @@ # 1 Samuel 25 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Revenge -#### Revenge When David decides to kill all of the men in Nabal's household, Abigail convinces David not to avenge himself but to leave revenge to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]]) - - ## Links: * __[1 Samuel 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/26/01.md b/1sa/26/01.md index ea5c768db4..66e6d27523 100644 --- a/1sa/26/01.md +++ b/1sa/26/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be translated as an exclamation. Alternate translat # Jeshimon This is the name of a desert area near the Dead Sea. It can also be translated as "the Judean Wilderness" or "the wasteland." See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 23:19](../23/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/02.md b/1sa/26/02.md index eba41dd602..3caa069d35 100644 --- a/1sa/26/02.md +++ b/1sa/26/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "arose" is an idiom for taking action. Alternate translation: "Then Sau # chosen men men whom he had chosen because of their superior military abilities - diff --git a/1sa/26/03.md b/1sa/26/03.md index 8086ba1091..66af78a32d 100644 --- a/1sa/26/03.md +++ b/1sa/26/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jeshimon This is the name of a desert area near the Dead Sea. It can also be translated as "the Judean Wilderness" or "the wasteland." See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 23:19](../23/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/04.md b/1sa/26/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/26/04.md +++ b/1sa/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/26/05.md b/1sa/26/05.md index 3f9bd47f42..2a2d7a533e 100644 --- a/1sa/26/05.md +++ b/1sa/26/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abner ... Ner These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/06.md b/1sa/26/06.md index 28333e2638..2c41df8966 100644 --- a/1sa/26/06.md +++ b/1sa/26/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ David and his men were probably on higher ground than Saul. # I! I will go down "I want to be the one who goes down" - diff --git a/1sa/26/07.md b/1sa/26/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/26/07.md +++ b/1sa/26/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/26/08.md b/1sa/26/08.md index 180ab3ec18..4c4c1cf130 100644 --- a/1sa/26/08.md +++ b/1sa/26/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metonym that refers to "kill with a spear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # I will not strike him a second time "I will kill him the first time I strike him" or "I will not need to strike him a second time" - diff --git a/1sa/26/09.md b/1sa/26/09.md index e98782e9f5..e56eb2d1a7 100644 --- a/1sa/26/09.md +++ b/1sa/26/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who can extend his hand against Yahweh's anointed one and be guiltless? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "No one can strike Yahweh's anointed one and be without guilt." or "Anyone who strikes Yahweh's anointed one will be guilty of murder." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/10.md b/1sa/26/10.md index 74c844d315..604aac43af 100644 --- a/1sa/26/10.md +++ b/1sa/26/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his day will come to die "he will die a natural death" - diff --git a/1sa/26/11.md b/1sa/26/11.md index 11930b4271..420a1f39df 100644 --- a/1sa/26/11.md +++ b/1sa/26/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The hand is a metonym for the harm a hand can do. Alternate translation: "do any # let us go David includes Abishai, so the word "us" here is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/12.md b/1sa/26/12.md index be058d0e1e..b2de5502d4 100644 --- a/1sa/26/12.md +++ b/1sa/26/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a deep sleep from Yahweh had fallen on them Yahweh had caused them to sleep deeply. - diff --git a/1sa/26/13.md b/1sa/26/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/26/13.md +++ b/1sa/26/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/26/14.md b/1sa/26/14.md index 05131a7943..c7f8cbcd4a 100644 --- a/1sa/26/14.md +++ b/1sa/26/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David uses a question to shame Abner into answering. This rhetorical question ca # David shouted "David spoke as loudly as he could" so Saul and his men could hear him - diff --git a/1sa/26/15.md b/1sa/26/15.md index 4e73844f86..c348db2e42 100644 --- a/1sa/26/15.md +++ b/1sa/26/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a real question and David wants Abner to answer # to destroy the king The word "destroy" here is hyperbole for "kill." Alternate translation: "to kill the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/16.md b/1sa/26/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/26/16.md +++ b/1sa/26/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/26/17.md b/1sa/26/17.md index 3f28361f75..11c7428ab3 100644 --- a/1sa/26/17.md +++ b/1sa/26/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my son Saul was not David's true father. Saul speaks as if he were David's father to show David that he wants David to trust and respect him as David would trust and respect his own father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/18.md b/1sa/26/18.md index 9789673ea6..114c850c28 100644 --- a/1sa/26/18.md +++ b/1sa/26/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) David really does want Saul to answer the question or 2 # What evil is in my hand? This speaks of evil as if it were an object that is held in the hand. Here "hand" represents a person acting or doing something. Possible meanings are 1) David really does want Saul to answer the question. Alternate translation: "What have I done wrong?" or 2) this rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I have done nothing wrong!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/19.md b/1sa/26/19.md index 054662c703..c0491d24f1 100644 --- a/1sa/26/19.md +++ b/1sa/26/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "may Yahweh decide # that I should not cling to the inheritance of Yahweh "so that I will no longer trust that Yahweh will give me what he has promised me" - diff --git a/1sa/26/20.md b/1sa/26/20.md index efcee62e53..5ef357d7d4 100644 --- a/1sa/26/20.md +++ b/1sa/26/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ David uses the word "flea" as a metaphor for a person, himself, who cannot do an # as when one hunts a partridge in the mountains Saul is chasing David as if he were hunting a valuable wild bird. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/21.md b/1sa/26/21.md index 4c972e860e..806f41b3a6 100644 --- a/1sa/26/21.md +++ b/1sa/26/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alte # played the fool "been very foolish" - diff --git a/1sa/26/22.md b/1sa/26/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/26/22.md +++ b/1sa/26/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/26/23.md b/1sa/26/23.md index 1c56882fc5..0161a80b5b 100644 --- a/1sa/26/23.md +++ b/1sa/26/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hand" is a metonym for the person's power. "Yahweh gave me an opportun # his anointed David speaks as if Saul were another person to show that he respects Saul because Saul is king. Alternate translation: "the one he has chosen to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/24.md b/1sa/26/24.md index 432e7922f6..3a7f4f9798 100644 --- a/1sa/26/24.md +++ b/1sa/26/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. See # so may my life be much valued in the eyes of Yahweh Here the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "so may Yahweh consider my life very valuable as well" or "so may Yahweh value my life as much as I have valued your life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/25.md b/1sa/26/25.md index d2400da8e3..1594538c85 100644 --- a/1sa/26/25.md +++ b/1sa/26/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "May Yahweh bless # my son Saul was not David's true father. Saul speaks as if he were David's father to show David that he wants David to trust and respect him as David would trust and respect his own father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/26/intro.md b/1sa/26/intro.md index 42b7f7d0c9..cfb338786e 100644 --- a/1sa/26/intro.md +++ b/1sa/26/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # 1 Samuel 26 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Vengeance -#### Vengeance David has another opportunity to kill Saul but he refuses to kill the one God had chosen as king. This contrasts with Saul, who tried to find David and kill him. Saul came to admit that David was more righteous than he was because he did not kill his enemy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical question -#### Rhetorical question David put his reason for not killing Saul in a rhetorical question: "Do not destroy him; for who can extend his hand against Yahweh's anointed one and be guiltless?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ David put his reason for not killing Saul in a rhetorical question: "Do not dest * __[1 Samuel 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/27/01.md b/1sa/27/01.md index 90f7310bd3..69cc583304 100644 --- a/1sa/27/01.md +++ b/1sa/27/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "his heart" is a metonym that means to himself. Alternate translation: "Dav # escape out of his hand The word "hand" is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "escape from him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/02.md b/1sa/27/02.md index 6ebe9b7f3d..76f7557e89 100644 --- a/1sa/27/02.md +++ b/1sa/27/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 21:10](../21 # Maok This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/03.md b/1sa/27/03.md index e993353790..821e21d07b 100644 --- a/1sa/27/03.md +++ b/1sa/27/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 25:3](../2 # Nabal This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 25:3](../25/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/04.md b/1sa/27/04.md index b8d5f2b692..c3c9fe8cb5 100644 --- a/1sa/27/04.md +++ b/1sa/27/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Saul was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Saul" or "Saul heard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/05.md b/1sa/27/05.md index c4de4c3042..055ca8b50b 100644 --- a/1sa/27/05.md +++ b/1sa/27/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation # your servant David speaks as if he were another person to show that he respected Achish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/06.md b/1sa/27/06.md index 93fa686168..d9509dc106 100644 --- a/1sa/27/06.md +++ b/1sa/27/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ziklag This is the name of a city in the southwest part of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/07.md b/1sa/27/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/27/07.md +++ b/1sa/27/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/27/08.md b/1sa/27/08.md index ed4188fa36..96b87c3454 100644 --- a/1sa/27/08.md +++ b/1sa/27/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "you" is being used as an indefinite pronoun that refers to anyone. Alterna # Shur region on the northeast border of Egypt (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/09.md b/1sa/27/09.md index da5f8c6951..267cf92458 100644 --- a/1sa/27/09.md +++ b/1sa/27/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Achish the king of Gath (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/10.md b/1sa/27/10.md index 0f388f96a9..80e851966f 100644 --- a/1sa/27/10.md +++ b/1sa/27/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a clan from the tribe of Judah (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kenites a people group who lived in the land of Midian (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/11.md b/1sa/27/11.md index 5ec99fe4a3..0dafa52ec7 100644 --- a/1sa/27/11.md +++ b/1sa/27/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gath one of five Philistine city-states. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/12.md b/1sa/27/12.md index da5f8c6951..267cf92458 100644 --- a/1sa/27/12.md +++ b/1sa/27/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Achish the king of Gath (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/27/intro.md b/1sa/27/intro.md index d9df2757ef..0ee48ba080 100644 --- a/1sa/27/intro.md +++ b/1sa/27/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 1 Samuel 27 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This begins a section about David living with the Philistines. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David's move -#### David's move David is afraid Saul will someday catch him and kill him, so he moves to the Philistine city of Gath. This is a type of exile David creates for himself out of fear. It is caused by his lack of trust in God. This is the same reason his descendants would come to be exiled. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Links: ###= +## Links: * __[1 Samuel 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/28/01.md b/1sa/28/01.md index 807115675c..048d79af21 100644 --- a/1sa/28/01.md +++ b/1sa/28/01.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # to fight with Israel -"to fight against Israel" +"to fight against Israel" diff --git a/1sa/28/02.md b/1sa/28/02.md index 0a9ae15934..ca97e2f0a3 100644 --- a/1sa/28/02.md +++ b/1sa/28/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "you" refers to David and so is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # bodyguard a person who protects another person - diff --git a/1sa/28/03.md b/1sa/28/03.md index cfec6fe28e..4ea86d3958 100644 --- a/1sa/28/03.md +++ b/1sa/28/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He had officially removed them from the country or region, or prevented from ent # sorcerers and spiritists "those who talked with the dead and those who talked with spirits." If your language has one word for those who talk with the dead and one word for those who talk with spirits, or if your language has only one word for those who talk with the dead and with spirits, you should use those words here. - diff --git a/1sa/28/04.md b/1sa/28/04.md index 4e20733151..ab59d47421 100644 --- a/1sa/28/04.md +++ b/1sa/28/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ after David and Achish spoke ([1 Samuel 28:2](../28/02.md)) # Shunem ... Gilboa these are names of places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/28/05.md b/1sa/28/05.md index 69cfbc28a1..9fefb7ea7e 100644 --- a/1sa/28/05.md +++ b/1sa/28/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was afraid, and his heart trembled very much These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of his fear. Here Saul is referred to by his "heart." Alternate translation: "he was terrified" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/1sa/28/06.md b/1sa/28/06.md index 27d16fe25b..468c5ab143 100644 --- a/1sa/28/06.md +++ b/1sa/28/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Urim The high priest carried the sacred lots called Urim and Thummin in his breastplate, in a marked pouch, next to his heart. - diff --git a/1sa/28/07.md b/1sa/28/07.md index e959cf4ffd..376b1f481e 100644 --- a/1sa/28/07.md +++ b/1sa/28/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Endor This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/28/08.md b/1sa/28/08.md index 45662dc094..a564ad52d4 100644 --- a/1sa/28/08.md +++ b/1sa/28/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ changed his usual appearance no one would know who he was # Divine for me by a spirit Saul was requesting that the woman call on the familiar spirit she used to contact the dead and have that spirit call up the spirit of the dead person Saul would name. - diff --git a/1sa/28/09.md b/1sa/28/09.md index f9aa9fc907..6b7e43d8a1 100644 --- a/1sa/28/09.md +++ b/1sa/28/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my life The word "life" represents the person. Alternate translation: "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/28/10.md b/1sa/28/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/28/10.md +++ b/1sa/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/28/11.md b/1sa/28/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/28/11.md +++ b/1sa/28/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/28/12.md b/1sa/28/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/28/12.md +++ b/1sa/28/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/28/13.md b/1sa/28/13.md index 9d19ce1637..a9966e3db8 100644 --- a/1sa/28/13.md +++ b/1sa/28/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a god Other possible meanings are 1) "one like God" or 2) "a judge" ([1 Samuel 7:15](../07/15.md)). - diff --git a/1sa/28/14.md b/1sa/28/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/28/14.md +++ b/1sa/28/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/28/15.md b/1sa/28/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/28/15.md +++ b/1sa/28/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/28/16.md b/1sa/28/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/28/16.md +++ b/1sa/28/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/28/17.md b/1sa/28/17.md index 52a538f557..788c7ebabb 100644 --- a/1sa/28/17.md +++ b/1sa/28/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # torn the kingdom out of your hand Samuel speaks as if the kingdom were a physical object that could be held in the hand and grabbed out by another person. Alternate translation: "made you so you are no longer king" or "made another person king in your place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/28/18.md b/1sa/28/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/28/18.md +++ b/1sa/28/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/28/19.md b/1sa/28/19.md index 88d05b7f76..5b50708b93 100644 --- a/1sa/28/19.md +++ b/1sa/28/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way to say that Saul will die. Alternate translation: "will be # Yahweh will also give the army of Israel into the hand of the Philistines Samuel speaks as if the army of Israel were a small object that Yahweh would give to the Philistines, whom he speaks of as if they were one person. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will allow the Philistines to do whatever they want to do to the army of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1sa/28/20.md b/1sa/28/20.md index a36114576e..6b2c09d65b 100644 --- a/1sa/28/20.md +++ b/1sa/28/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he had eaten no food all that day, neither that whole night Saul had not eaten during the night before he traveled from Gilboa ([1 Samuel 28:4](../28/04.md)) to Endor ([1 Samuel 28:7](./07.md)), nor during the day as he journeyed, nor during the night on which he visited the woman. - diff --git a/1sa/28/21.md b/1sa/28/21.md index 6960912aba..1eb3671f53 100644 --- a/1sa/28/21.md +++ b/1sa/28/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have put my life in my hand and have listened This is an idiom. "I could die because I listened" or "Someone could kill me because I listened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/28/22.md b/1sa/28/22.md index f62235aee8..8b2b27b9a0 100644 --- a/1sa/28/22.md +++ b/1sa/28/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the voice of your woman servant The woman speaks as if she is another person to show that she respects Saul. She refers to herself by her "voice" to emphasize what she says. Alternate translation: "my voice" or "me speak to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]] or [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1sa/28/23.md b/1sa/28/23.md index 139153c3ba..b64148c3b7 100644 --- a/1sa/28/23.md +++ b/1sa/28/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # compelled him "forced him" - diff --git a/1sa/28/24.md b/1sa/28/24.md index d01e4f753c..c5d9f92a92 100644 --- a/1sa/28/24.md +++ b/1sa/28/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a calf that has been grown and fed to be available for a special feast # she ... kneaded it She mixed flour and oil, working and rolling the mixture thoroughly with her hands to produce dough for baking. - diff --git a/1sa/28/25.md b/1sa/28/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/28/25.md +++ b/1sa/28/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/28/intro.md b/1sa/28/intro.md index 056a710ed2..53625deb0c 100644 --- a/1sa/28/intro.md +++ b/1sa/28/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # 1 Samuel 28 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Talking to the dead +### Talking to the dead Talking to the dead was against the law of Moses. God or the Holy Spirit left Saul because of his sin and would not help him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical question -#### Rhetorical question Samuel uses a rhetorical question to say it was useless to ask his advice since there was no way Saul could be successful with God against him: "What then do you ask me, since Yahweh has left you, and he has become your enemy?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Samuel uses a rhetorical question to say it was useless to ask his advice since * __[1 Samuel 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/29/01.md b/1sa/29/01.md index 63f40f1656..89c9878152 100644 --- a/1sa/29/01.md +++ b/1sa/29/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spring a small stream of water flowing naturally from the Earth - diff --git a/1sa/29/02.md b/1sa/29/02.md index f8e456b84e..69a8371483 100644 --- a/1sa/29/02.md +++ b/1sa/29/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # David and his men passed on in the rear guard with Achish The groups of hundreds and thousands passed on first, then Achish and his helpers, and then David, his men, and the other Philistine soldiers, who were guarding Achish. - diff --git a/1sa/29/03.md b/1sa/29/03.md index b6b7461bea..95b90ace45 100644 --- a/1sa/29/03.md +++ b/1sa/29/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Another possible translation is "Is not this David, ... these years? I have foun # I have found no fault with him "I know of nothing that he has done wrong" - diff --git a/1sa/29/04.md b/1sa/29/04.md index c626e8ba58..3bf97fad72 100644 --- a/1sa/29/04.md +++ b/1sa/29/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person here is a synecdoche for the army he commands. Alternate translation: # For how else could he make himself acceptable to his master than by taking the heads of our own men? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Here "taking the heads" is a metonym for killing. Alternate translation: "The best way for David to make peace with his master would be by killing our soldiers!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/29/05.md b/1sa/29/05.md index 522799696d..f5e210e96b 100644 --- a/1sa/29/05.md +++ b/1sa/29/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation # thousands ... ten thousands "1,000s ... 10,000s" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/29/06.md b/1sa/29/06.md index 9bfbff5dea..d7f0f6efc0 100644 --- a/1sa/29/06.md +++ b/1sa/29/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. "As certainly as Yahweh lives" or "This is a true statement" ( # your going out and your coming in with me in the army is good "I am happy to have you go out and come in with me and my army" or "It is good that you go everywhere with me and my army" - diff --git a/1sa/29/07.md b/1sa/29/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/29/07.md +++ b/1sa/29/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/29/08.md b/1sa/29/08.md index 1ab81997ca..9b058b7254 100644 --- a/1sa/29/08.md +++ b/1sa/29/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my master the king David speaks as if Achish were another person so that Achish will think David respects him. Alternate translation: "you, my master and king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/1sa/29/09.md b/1sa/29/09.md index cd8bb88a27..a218b21aca 100644 --- a/1sa/29/09.md +++ b/1sa/29/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nevertheless, the princes "even though that is true, this is more important: the princes" or "however, the princes" - diff --git a/1sa/29/10.md b/1sa/29/10.md index 4eb13e6f84..a57801590e 100644 --- a/1sa/29/10.md +++ b/1sa/29/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The reader should understand that Achish is speaking of Saul. # have light "can see with the morning sun" - diff --git a/1sa/29/11.md b/1sa/29/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/29/11.md +++ b/1sa/29/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/29/intro.md b/1sa/29/intro.md index 251f6626b3..4516a03273 100644 --- a/1sa/29/intro.md +++ b/1sa/29/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,15 @@ # 1 Samuel 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 29:5. -### Other possible translation difficulties +## Other possible translation difficulties -It is unclear whether David wanted to go into battle with the Philistines. He would have been fighting against Saul, but he also would have been fighting against Israel's soldiers. It is probably best to see that David is conflicted over this issue, but some scholars believe that David planned on turning against the Philistines in the battle. +It is unclear whether David wanted to go into battle with the Philistines. He would have been fighting against Saul, but he also would have been fighting against Israel's soldiers. It is probably best to see that David is conflicted over this issue, but some scholars believe that David planned on turning against the Philistines in the battle. ## Links: * __[1 Samuel 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/30/01.md b/1sa/30/01.md index 99954a41f4..1b8ddf1a96 100644 --- a/1sa/30/01.md +++ b/1sa/30/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ziklag Ziklag is a city in the southern part of Judah. This was where David and his men kept their families. - diff --git a/1sa/30/02.md b/1sa/30/02.md index 0bf6456e8e..cb729ca87e 100644 --- a/1sa/30/02.md +++ b/1sa/30/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the Amalekites # both small and great Possible meanings are 1) "both unimportant people and important people" or 2) "both physically small and physically large." - diff --git a/1sa/30/03.md b/1sa/30/03.md index f488e880e6..44e5dfb6b2 100644 --- a/1sa/30/03.md +++ b/1sa/30/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ belonging to David and his men # it was burned, and their wives ... daughters were taken captive This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they saw that someone had burned it and taken their wives ... captive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1sa/30/04.md b/1sa/30/04.md index 0897c21bdd..89c51b6dd7 100644 --- a/1sa/30/04.md +++ b/1sa/30/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people that were with him These were mainly his army of men. - diff --git a/1sa/30/05.md b/1sa/30/05.md index b0d11ed588..26f31f0f6d 100644 --- a/1sa/30/05.md +++ b/1sa/30/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ David finds strength in Yahweh after the raid. # Ahinoam ... Abigail women's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/30/06.md b/1sa/30/06.md index 0a8c7d3413..da87e2dfd2 100644 --- a/1sa/30/06.md +++ b/1sa/30/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "bitter" is a metaphor for the desire to rebel. The word "spirit" is a # David strengthened himself in Yahweh, his God Possible meanings are 1) "David took courage because he knew Yahweh his God would help him" or 2) "Yahweh his God made David strong." - diff --git a/1sa/30/07.md b/1sa/30/07.md index 28ec8d7408..0538880461 100644 --- a/1sa/30/07.md +++ b/1sa/30/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: David seeks Yahweh's direction in dealing with the raid on his people. - diff --git a/1sa/30/08.md b/1sa/30/08.md index f381e860c9..d313eba9a5 100644 --- a/1sa/30/08.md +++ b/1sa/30/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "direction" can be translated as a clause. Alternate translati # pursue chase and try to catch - diff --git a/1sa/30/09.md b/1sa/30/09.md index 09ec24aacc..f719a62d9c 100644 --- a/1sa/30/09.md +++ b/1sa/30/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # brook small stream - diff --git a/1sa/30/10.md b/1sa/30/10.md index 74a1b5f9bc..dc02dcda77 100644 --- a/1sa/30/10.md +++ b/1sa/30/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # who were so weak They were tired from their own raids and now in pursuit of the Amalekites. They no longer had the strength to continue. - diff --git a/1sa/30/11.md b/1sa/30/11.md index 8d29b196a0..84d56c4171 100644 --- a/1sa/30/11.md +++ b/1sa/30/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an Egyptian in a field He was left there to die from the Amalekite raiding party. - diff --git a/1sa/30/12.md b/1sa/30/12.md index 8c4d0f55ab..246bb2e35f 100644 --- a/1sa/30/12.md +++ b/1sa/30/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # clusters of raisins "clusters of dried grapes" - diff --git a/1sa/30/13.md b/1sa/30/13.md index e2a26d90e2..46c5aad6ea 100644 --- a/1sa/30/13.md +++ b/1sa/30/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David questioned the Egyptian slave. # three days 3 days (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/30/14.md b/1sa/30/14.md index 5bcac81387..309f3999b1 100644 --- a/1sa/30/14.md +++ b/1sa/30/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a raid an attack on a town to take property - diff --git a/1sa/30/15.md b/1sa/30/15.md index 2db552b88c..f9de0be3ff 100644 --- a/1sa/30/15.md +++ b/1sa/30/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a group of armed warriors who attack people or places unexpectedly # you will not ... betray me up into the hands of my master Here "hands" refers to control. Alternate translation: "you will not ... violate the trust I have in you by allowing my master to control me again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1sa/30/16.md b/1sa/30/16.md index 088b6e1746..bca209ee9f 100644 --- a/1sa/30/16.md +++ b/1sa/30/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # booty the goods they had stolen in the raid - diff --git a/1sa/30/17.md b/1sa/30/17.md index 0abbb0d40f..18524aa3aa 100644 --- a/1sa/30/17.md +++ b/1sa/30/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that the four hundred young men were the only on # four hundred 400 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/1sa/30/18.md b/1sa/30/18.md index 33df8e3222..4c3e2bd7ff 100644 --- a/1sa/30/18.md +++ b/1sa/30/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # rescued his two wives "got his two wives back" or "saved his two wives from danger" - diff --git a/1sa/30/19.md b/1sa/30/19.md index 931f1dcc80..aea71eba90 100644 --- a/1sa/30/19.md +++ b/1sa/30/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "neither unimportant people nor important people" or 2) # booty goods that the Amelekites had stolen. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 30:16](../30/16.md). - diff --git a/1sa/30/20.md b/1sa/30/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/30/20.md +++ b/1sa/30/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/30/21.md b/1sa/30/21.md index 024fdbf26e..2427655817 100644 --- a/1sa/30/21.md +++ b/1sa/30/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a small stream or creek named Besor. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 30 # greeted them spoke to them in a friendly way - diff --git a/1sa/30/22.md b/1sa/30/22.md index 4fb8ea94a1..e91d754c4d 100644 --- a/1sa/30/22.md +++ b/1sa/30/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the goods they had taken from the enemy in battle. See how you translated this i # we have recovered "we have regained" or "we have gotten back" - diff --git a/1sa/30/23.md b/1sa/30/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/30/23.md +++ b/1sa/30/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/30/24.md b/1sa/30/24.md index 49fde7b5f5..6f49788339 100644 --- a/1sa/30/24.md +++ b/1sa/30/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ the people who supported the warriors by managing and guarding their supplies # baggage belongings that the soldiers left behind when they went into battle - diff --git a/1sa/30/25.md b/1sa/30/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/30/25.md +++ b/1sa/30/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/30/26.md b/1sa/30/26.md index 011d56ca2f..ea41c6ff94 100644 --- a/1sa/30/26.md +++ b/1sa/30/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ goods that David had taken from the Amalekites after the battle. See how you tra # a present "a gift" - diff --git a/1sa/30/27.md b/1sa/30/27.md index 85268b7831..ca3412cbee 100644 --- a/1sa/30/27.md +++ b/1sa/30/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer begins a list of towns whose elders received gifts from David. # Bethel ... Jattir These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/30/28.md b/1sa/30/28.md index f18c30a51e..c13f89f364 100644 --- a/1sa/30/28.md +++ b/1sa/30/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues the list that began in [1 Samuel 30:27](../30/27.md) of tow # Aroer ... Siphmoth ... Eshtemoa These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/30/29.md b/1sa/30/29.md index 4205999233..f7c115ea6b 100644 --- a/1sa/30/29.md +++ b/1sa/30/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jerahmeelites ... Kenites These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/30/30.md b/1sa/30/30.md index c014a17bd3..f253f155cf 100644 --- a/1sa/30/30.md +++ b/1sa/30/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues the list that began in [1 Samuel 30:27](../30/27.md) of tow # Hormah ... Bor Ashan ... Athak These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/30/31.md b/1sa/30/31.md index f2fa653128..cbbdd0e268 100644 --- a/1sa/30/31.md +++ b/1sa/30/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer finishes the list that began in [1 Samuel 30:27](../30/27.md) of towns whose elders received gifts from David. - diff --git a/1sa/30/intro.md b/1sa/30/intro.md index d00bfed096..308e7efe08 100644 --- a/1sa/30/intro.md +++ b/1sa/30/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # 1 Samuel 30 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David fights the Amalekites -#### David fights the Amalekites When David and his men arrive home, they find the Amalekites have raided Ziklag and taken everything. They catch and destroy them and bring back all of their goods and families. Then David sends gifts to all the cities in Judah through which they had traveled. -### Links: ###= +## Links: * __[1 Samuel 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1sa/31/01.md b/1sa/31/01.md index b6654dd81f..93e5a46d02 100644 --- a/1sa/31/01.md +++ b/1sa/31/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This battle was the result of the conflict between David and the Philistines in # Mount Gilboa This is the name of a mountain (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/31/02.md b/1sa/31/02.md index 5e22ff0fdf..187a445b60 100644 --- a/1sa/31/02.md +++ b/1sa/31/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abinadab, and Malki-Shua These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/31/03.md b/1sa/31/03.md index 8259702eb2..c0bfa34368 100644 --- a/1sa/31/03.md +++ b/1sa/31/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The battle went heavily against Saul This is an idiom. "Saul's army began to lose the battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1sa/31/04.md b/1sa/31/04.md index 145b24ede7..1446d4382d 100644 --- a/1sa/31/04.md +++ b/1sa/31/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: "would not do what Saul ha # took his own sword and fell on it "killed himself with his own sword" - diff --git a/1sa/31/05.md b/1sa/31/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1sa/31/05.md +++ b/1sa/31/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1sa/31/06.md b/1sa/31/06.md index b490e9d216..f6d8b3541f 100644 --- a/1sa/31/06.md +++ b/1sa/31/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that same day "on that one day" - diff --git a/1sa/31/07.md b/1sa/31/07.md index b628506a45..cce9e43fda 100644 --- a/1sa/31/07.md +++ b/1sa/31/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lived in them lived in the cities the men of Israel had left - diff --git a/1sa/31/08.md b/1sa/31/08.md index c9814053d8..39b1d9fdf9 100644 --- a/1sa/31/08.md +++ b/1sa/31/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ take the armor and weapons off the dead Israelites' bodies # Mount Gilboa a mountain range overlooking the Valley of Jezreel in northern Israel, south of Nazareth (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/31/09.md b/1sa/31/09.md index 51d08e8afd..d3c882cf5d 100644 --- a/1sa/31/09.md +++ b/1sa/31/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # their idols' temples the buildings where they worshiped their idols - diff --git a/1sa/31/10.md b/1sa/31/10.md index c554183384..3cabeb31d9 100644 --- a/1sa/31/10.md +++ b/1sa/31/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ attached, probably with a large spike or nail # Beth Shan the name of a city (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1sa/31/11.md b/1sa/31/11.md index 76ceda4760..a849717192 100644 --- a/1sa/31/11.md +++ b/1sa/31/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a town. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 11:1](../11 # what the Philistines had done to Saul "how the Philistines had dishonored Saul" - diff --git a/1sa/31/12.md b/1sa/31/12.md index e2d0a3abf7..9a991d869a 100644 --- a/1sa/31/12.md +++ b/1sa/31/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all night "throughout the whole night" - diff --git a/1sa/31/13.md b/1sa/31/13.md index 2df518cb18..757ca56b62 100644 --- a/1sa/31/13.md +++ b/1sa/31/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a tamarisk tree This is a type of tree. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 22:6](../22/06.md). Alternate translation: "a large shade tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1sa/31/intro.md b/1sa/31/intro.md index 0f778bf865..f10245131d 100644 --- a/1sa/31/intro.md +++ b/1sa/31/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Samuel 31 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This is the end of the section on Saul, but the book continues in 2 Samuel 1. +This is the end of the section on Saul, but the book continues in 2 Samuel 1. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Saul's punishment -#### Saul's punishment Saul receives his punishment from God: death for his disobedience and resisting the will of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/willofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Saul receives his punishment from God: death for his disobedience and resisting * __[1 Samuel 31:1](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/1sa/front/intro.md b/1sa/front/intro.md index 71c7acea8e..3fbf41764b 100644 --- a/1sa/front/intro.md +++ b/1sa/front/intro.md @@ -5,33 +5,38 @@ ### Outline of 1 Samuel 1. Samuel as judge over Israel (1:1–7:17) - - Samuel as a child (1:1–3:21) - - Shiloh priesthood; the fall and death of Eli the priest (4:1–22) - - The ark of God and the war with the Philistines (5:1–6:21) - - Mizpah; Samuel's rule over Israel (7:1–17) + + - Samuel as a child (1:1–3:21) + - Shiloh priesthood; the fall and death of Eli the priest (4:1–22) + - The ark of God and the war with the Philistines (5:1–6:21) + - Mizpah; Samuel's rule over Israel (7:1–17) + 1. Saul and Samuel (8:1–15:35) - - Samuel lets the people seek a king (8:1–22) - - Saul anointed king (9:1–10:27) - - Battle and victory over the Ammonites (11:1–15) - - Samuel's farewell (12:1–25) - - Saul's weakness and failures (13:1–15:35) + + - Samuel lets the people seek a king (8:1–22) + - Saul anointed king (9:1–10:27) + - Battle and victory over the Ammonites (11:1–15) + - Samuel's farewell (12:1–25) + - Saul's weakness and failures (13:1–15:35) + 1. David and his conflicts with Saul (16:1–31:13) - - God's choice of David to be king (16:1–23) - - David fights Goliath (17:1–58) - - Saul's jealousy of David; David and Jonathan (18:1–20:42) - - David in the wilderness; David in Philistia (21:1–30:31) - - Death of Saul (31:1–13) + + - God's choice of David to be king (16:1–23) + - David fights Goliath (17:1–58) + - Saul's jealousy of David; David and Jonathan (18:1–20:42) + - David in the wilderness; David in Philistia (21:1–30:31) + - Death of Saul (31:1–13) ### What is the Book of 1 Samuel about? The Book of 1 Samuel is about Samuel, Saul, and David. Samuel was the last of the judges over Israel. Saul was the first king of Israel. Much of the book is about how Saul became king, then how he later sinned against God and died. God chose David to be king after Saul. This book shows how God protected David when Saul tried to kill him. ### How should the title of this book be translated? - + Translators can use the traditional title "1 Samuel" or "First Samuel." Or, translators may consider a clearer title such as "The First Book About Samuel, Saul, and David." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ### What is the purpose of the Book of 1 Samuel? - + The purpose of 1 Samuel is to give an account of the events leading up to David becoming king of Israel. In 1 Samuel, the twelve tribes of Israel unite under the first king of Israel, Saul. But Saul does not obey Yahweh's commands. So God uses Samuel to choose David as a king who will trust and obey Yahweh. ### Who wrote the Book of 1 Samuel? @@ -41,17 +46,17 @@ It is uncertain who wrote 1 Samuel. It may have been someone alive soon after Ki ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts ### Who is "Yahweh's anointed"? - + The writer of 1 Samuel often speaks of "Yahweh's anointed." This refers to the one whom Yahweh chose to be the king of his people. Also, the phrase "Yahweh's anointed" would make later readers think about the future descendant of David who would become king of God's people. This person who Yahweh chose would be known as the Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues ### What are curses, as found in 1 Samuel and elsewhere? - + A curse is a strong statement a person makes to cause bad things to happen to the person or thing being cursed. A curse usually has this pattern: "May God do so to you, and even more, if you hide anything from me of all the words that he spoke to you" (1 Sam. 3:17). Other instances of curses in 1 and 2 Samuel are found in 1 Sam 14:44; 20:13; 25:22; 2 Sam 3:9, 35; and 19:13. The translator should represent a curse in the project language in as strong a way as possible. ### How is the name "Israel" used in the Bible? - + The name "Israel" is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed his name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]]) The Book of 1 Samuel has two references to Israel and Judah ([1 Samuel 17:52](../17/52.md), [1 Samuel 18:16](../18/16.md)). However, these references appear in the text long before the two kingdoms split apart. It seems clear that the references to Israel and Judah are in the text because the author wrote at a time after the kingdoms split. He wanted the readers to understand that all the twelve tribes had supported David. @@ -59,4 +64,3 @@ The Book of 1 Samuel has two references to Israel and Judah ([1 Samuel 17:52](.. ### What is the meaning of the phrase "to this day"? This phrase was used by the narrator to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that "to this day" refers to a time already passed. He must avoid giving the impression that the present day of the translation's readers is meant. The translator might decide to say, "to this day, at the time when this is being written" or "to this day, at the time of writing." This phrase occurs in 1 Samuel 5:5; 6:18: 27:6; 30:25. - diff --git a/1th/01/01.md b/1th/01/01.md index 882dccb8ac..9cdae08516 100644 --- a/1th/01/01.md +++ b/1th/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The terms "grace" and "peace" are metonyms for the person who acts toward people # peace be to you The word "you" refers to the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/1th/01/02.md b/1th/01/02.md index 4eb6622b2a..f201f7c2aa 100644 --- a/1th/01/02.md +++ b/1th/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "always" suggests that when Paul prays to God, he consistently presents the # we mention you continually in our prayers "we continually pray for you" - diff --git a/1th/01/03.md b/1th/01/03.md index 9bee816991..cc836d25b9 100644 --- a/1th/01/03.md +++ b/1th/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # patient endurance of hope in our Lord Jesus Christ The Thessalonians confidently expected that Jesus would do all that he promised to do. Alternate translation: "firmness of your trust in our Lord Jesus Christ" or "continual trust in our Lord Jesus Christ" - diff --git a/1th/01/04.md b/1th/01/04.md index 927f48e872..a38c236aa7 100644 --- a/1th/01/04.md +++ b/1th/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. # we know The word "we" refers to Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy but not the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1th/01/05.md b/1th/01/05.md index 005d74b6f5..095bffa09f 100644 --- a/1th/01/05.md +++ b/1th/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "assurance" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation # what kind of men "how we conducted ourselves when" - diff --git a/1th/01/06.md b/1th/01/06.md index 55215a15d1..1c788cfb6a 100644 --- a/1th/01/06.md +++ b/1th/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "imitate" means to act like or to copy the behavior of another. # in much tribulation "during a time of great suffering" or "in much persecution" - diff --git a/1th/01/07.md b/1th/01/07.md index dee670b5fc..220b400ede 100644 --- a/1th/01/07.md +++ b/1th/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Achaia This is an ancient district in what is present-day Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1th/01/08.md b/1th/01/08.md index 75d84caf6a..4f62e1b156 100644 --- a/1th/01/08.md +++ b/1th/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # has rung out Here Paul speaks of the Christian witness produced by the Thessalonian believers as if it were a bell that was rung or a musical instrument that was being played. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/01/09.md b/1th/01/09.md index a4e01c67b6..ec411030e6 100644 --- a/1th/01/09.md +++ b/1th/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "reception" can be expressed as the verb "receive" or "welcome # you turned to God from the idols to serve the living and true God Here "turned to ... from" is a metaphor that means to start being loyal to one person and stop being loyal to someone else. Alternate translation: "you stopped worshiping idols and started serving the living and true God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/01/10.md b/1th/01/10.md index 0f55f397e4..b569e58abf 100644 --- a/1th/01/10.md +++ b/1th/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (Se # who rescues us Here Paul includes the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1th/01/intro.md b/1th/01/intro.md index 5327c5c4a7..70274cdbc8 100644 --- a/1th/01/intro.md +++ b/1th/01/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Thessalonians 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Verse 1 formally introduces this letter. Letters in the ancient Near East commonly had introductions of this type. +Verse 1 formally introduces this letter. Letters in the ancient Near East commonly had introductions of this type. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Hardship -#### Hardship Other people persecuted the Christians in Thessalonica. But the Christians there handled it well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +16,3 @@ Other people persecuted the Christians in Thessalonica. But the Christians there * __[1 Thessalonians intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1th/02/01.md b/1th/02/01.md index 49522f5e44..8426562ab0 100644 --- a/1th/02/01.md +++ b/1th/02/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "our" refers to Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy but not the Thessalonian be # was not useless This can be expressed in a positive manner. Alternate translation: "was very worthwhile" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/1th/02/02.md b/1th/02/02.md index a5ed120e1f..63126d9012 100644 --- a/1th/02/02.md +++ b/1th/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in much struggling "while struggling under great opposition" - diff --git a/1th/02/03.md b/1th/02/03.md index f520564c15..67954ee506 100644 --- a/1th/02/03.md +++ b/1th/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # uncleanness Ritual uncleanness here is a metaphor for guilt from having committed sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/02/04.md b/1th/02/04.md index 966ff928ee..ea45424802 100644 --- a/1th/02/04.md +++ b/1th/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is referring to preaching the gospel message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # who examines our hearts The word "hearts" is a metonym for a person's desires and thoughts. Alternate translation: "who knows our desires and thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1th/02/05.md b/1th/02/05.md index 556ae42c45..f0649fa2f8 100644 --- a/1th/02/05.md +++ b/1th/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul tells the Thessalonian believers that his conduct was not based in flattery # we never came with words of flattery "we never spoke to you with false praise" - diff --git a/1th/02/06.md b/1th/02/06.md index 8064e51467..f329b0fe5e 100644 --- a/1th/02/06.md +++ b/1th/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nor did we seek glory from people "And we did not try to make people praise us" - diff --git a/1th/02/07.md b/1th/02/07.md index 1fc34dd5b8..6de97450b5 100644 --- a/1th/02/07.md +++ b/1th/02/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as a mother comforting her own children Just as a mother gently comforts her children, so Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy spoke gently to the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1th/02/08.md b/1th/02/08.md index ce79a68f3c..43d66fe57a 100644 --- a/1th/02/08.md +++ b/1th/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of the gospel message and his life and the lives of those with him a # you had become very dear to us "we cared for you deeply" - diff --git a/1th/02/09.md b/1th/02/09.md index 2998f43f0c..74bdc7d3c1 100644 --- a/1th/02/09.md +++ b/1th/02/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "labor" and "toil" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to em # Night and day we were working so that we might not be a burden to any of you "We worked hard to make our own living so you would not need to support us" - diff --git a/1th/02/10.md b/1th/02/10.md index d62fed432b..1d0c3a0445 100644 --- a/1th/02/10.md +++ b/1th/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # holy, righteous, and blameless Paul uses three words that describe their good behavior toward the Thessalonian believers. - diff --git a/1th/02/11.md b/1th/02/11.md index 3cabb07c47..df42e36953 100644 --- a/1th/02/11.md +++ b/1th/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as a father with his own children Paul compares how he encouraged the Thessalonians to a father gently teaching his children how to behave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/02/12.md b/1th/02/12.md index 51ce0b941c..37514795e3 100644 --- a/1th/02/12.md +++ b/1th/02/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "glory" describes the word "kingdom." Alternate translation: "into his # to walk in a manner that is worthy of God "Walk" here is an metaphor for "live." Alternate translation: "to live so that people will think well of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/02/13.md b/1th/02/13.md index 8c7763bfc9..44b998aebf 100644 --- a/1th/02/13.md +++ b/1th/02/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul often thanks God for their acceptance of the gospel message he shared with # which is also at work in you who believe Paul speaks of God's gospel message as if it were a person who was doing work. Alternate translation: "which those of you who believe are listening to and beginning to obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1th/02/14.md b/1th/02/14.md index f4b804922e..936712a9c2 100644 --- a/1th/02/14.md +++ b/1th/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. # from your own countrymen "from other Thessalonians" - diff --git a/1th/02/15.md b/1th/02/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1th/02/15.md +++ b/1th/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1th/02/16.md b/1th/02/16.md index e607a7171a..28068f3240 100644 --- a/1th/02/16.md +++ b/1th/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks as though someone can fill a container with his sins as with liquid. # wrath will overtake them in the end This refers to God finally judging and punishing people for their sins. - diff --git a/1th/02/17.md b/1th/02/17.md index 2e6a0fb96e..f22a2863e5 100644 --- a/1th/02/17.md +++ b/1th/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" represents thoughts and emotions. Though Paul and those traveling w # to see your faces Here "face" represents the entire person. Alternate translation: "to see you" or "to be with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1th/02/18.md b/1th/02/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1th/02/18.md +++ b/1th/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1th/02/19.md b/1th/02/19.md index 8596751794..a0d047d563 100644 --- a/1th/02/19.md +++ b/1th/02/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Thessalonians are the reason that Paul and his fellow workers have hope and # For what is our hope, or joy, or crown of pride in front of our Lord Jesus at his coming? Is it not you? Here "crown" refers to a laurel wreath awarded to victorious athletes. Here it is a metaphor meaning that the Thessalonians are the the symbol that Paul's work was successful. Paul will be proud of them when they stand before Christ. Alternate translation: "For what is the reason we are hopeful and joyful. What is the reason that we can be proud of what we accomplished when we stand before our Lord Jesus at his coming? Is it not you?" or "For you are the reason that we are hopeful and joyful. You are our reason for being proud of what we accomplished when we stand before our Lord Jesus at his coming." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/02/20.md b/1th/02/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1th/02/20.md +++ b/1th/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1th/02/intro.md b/1th/02/intro.md index decc9d0371..f1cf020af6 100644 --- a/1th/02/intro.md +++ b/1th/02/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 1 Thessalonians 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Christian witness -#### Christian witness Paul values his "Christian witness" as evidence that the gospel is true. Paul says that being godly or holy bears witness to the non-Christian. Paul defends his character so that his witness is not affected. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Paul values his "Christian witness" as evidence that the gospel is true. Paul sa * __[1 Thessalonians 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1th/03/01.md b/1th/03/01.md index 0acf1759a1..aa9472300e 100644 --- a/1th/03/01.md +++ b/1th/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # Athens Athens was a city in the the Roman province of Achaia [1 Thessalonians 1:7-8](../01/07.md)). This land is now modern-day Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/1th/03/02.md b/1th/03/02.md index cd06148fd6..2cd0491c94 100644 --- a/1th/03/02.md +++ b/1th/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul tells the believers he has sent Timothy to strengthen their faith. # our brother and fellow worker These two expressions both describe Timothy. - diff --git a/1th/03/03.md b/1th/03/03.md index 8a3a2c329f..fb854d63d3 100644 --- a/1th/03/03.md +++ b/1th/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To be shaken is an idiom for being afraid. Alternate translation: "no one would # we have been appointed Paul assumes that everyone knows that it was God who appointed them. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "God has appointed us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1th/03/04.md b/1th/03/04.md index 0306897ea6..71e964c4bc 100644 --- a/1th/03/04.md +++ b/1th/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word marks that there is more to the truth than what has just been said. Al # to suffer affliction "to be mistreated by others" - diff --git a/1th/03/05.md b/1th/03/05.md index 373de25ac1..0ca04314ea 100644 --- a/1th/03/05.md +++ b/1th/03/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that Paul sent Timothy. This can be made explicit. Alternate trans # in vain "useless" - diff --git a/1th/03/06.md b/1th/03/06.md index ea2ce688d6..d20e12fca5 100644 --- a/1th/03/06.md +++ b/1th/03/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ When they think of Paul, they always have good thoughts about him. # you long to see us "you desire to see us" - diff --git a/1th/03/07.md b/1th/03/07.md index f1d086daca..9b2ce34543 100644 --- a/1th/03/07.md +++ b/1th/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to faith in Christ. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation # in all our distress and affliction The word "affliction" explains why they are in "distress." Alternate translation: "in all our distress caused by our afflictions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/1th/03/08.md b/1th/03/08.md index 44a776e5a1..2517f6c247 100644 --- a/1th/03/08.md +++ b/1th/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that expresses living a satisfied life. Alternate translation: # if you stand firm in the Lord To "stand firm" is an idiom meaning to continue being faithful. Alternate translation: "if you continue to trust in the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/1th/03/09.md b/1th/03/09.md index 31dff85148..a3a0014f1a 100644 --- a/1th/03/09.md +++ b/1th/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: # before our God Paul speaks as if he and his companions were physically in God's presence. He is probably referring to the activity of praying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/03/10.md b/1th/03/10.md index 7ba32f3a0c..8fd7e0e67e 100644 --- a/1th/03/10.md +++ b/1th/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # see your face The word "face" refers to their whole person. Alternate translation: "visit you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/1th/03/11.md b/1th/03/11.md index 5eedcf2742..568e3bd00a 100644 --- a/1th/03/11.md +++ b/1th/03/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "our" refers to Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy but not the Thessalonian be # Father himself Here "himself" refers back to "Father" for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/1th/03/12.md b/1th/03/12.md index 459e22a11d..851808a0c8 100644 --- a/1th/03/12.md +++ b/1th/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # increase and abound in love Paul speaks of love as an object that one could obtain more of. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/03/13.md b/1th/03/13.md index aa5b821c88..d619f882d9 100644 --- a/1th/03/13.md +++ b/1th/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for one's beliefs and convictions. Alternate translati # with all his holy people "with all those who belong to him" - diff --git a/1th/03/intro.md b/1th/03/intro.md index 8c9c0a7c51..b4fa189c13 100644 --- a/1th/03/intro.md +++ b/1th/03/intro.md @@ -7,4 +7,3 @@ * __[1 Thessalonians 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1th/04/01.md b/1th/04/01.md index b764cd39bb..e6c0e5c6d5 100644 --- a/1th/04/01.md +++ b/1th/04/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we taught you" (See: # you must walk Here "walk" is an expression for the way one is to live. Alternate translation: "you ought to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/04/02.md b/1th/04/02.md index 2e66921c6d..423d6d97a0 100644 --- a/1th/04/02.md +++ b/1th/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # through the Lord Jesus Paul speaks of his instructions as if they were given by Jesus himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/04/03.md b/1th/04/03.md index e52d523c40..0048bc16ef 100644 --- a/1th/04/03.md +++ b/1th/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you avoid sexual immorality "you stay away from sexually immoral acts" - diff --git a/1th/04/04.md b/1th/04/04.md index 63e62cea74..ffc0fca754 100644 --- a/1th/04/04.md +++ b/1th/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # knows how to possess his own vessel Possible meanings are 1) "know how to live with his own wife" or 2) "know how to control his own body" - diff --git a/1th/04/05.md b/1th/04/05.md index afe232a182..a17f6a709d 100644 --- a/1th/04/05.md +++ b/1th/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the passion of lust "with wrongful sexual desire" - diff --git a/1th/04/06.md b/1th/04/06.md index 6c79546f6f..970772fe10 100644 --- a/1th/04/06.md +++ b/1th/04/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the Lord will punish the one # forewarned you and testified "told you beforehand and strongly warned against" - diff --git a/1th/04/07.md b/1th/04/07.md index 72d1586c56..4e9270c981 100644 --- a/1th/04/07.md +++ b/1th/04/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "God called us to cl # God did not call us The word "us" refers to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1th/04/08.md b/1th/04/08.md index 3158e8252d..f878946602 100644 --- a/1th/04/08.md +++ b/1th/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # rejects not people, but God Paul stresses that this teaching is not from man, but from God. - diff --git a/1th/04/09.md b/1th/04/09.md index 7282b20b33..bcea69ff03 100644 --- a/1th/04/09.md +++ b/1th/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brotherly love "love for fellow believers" - diff --git a/1th/04/10.md b/1th/04/10.md index d9bf9bade8..2965fd3acb 100644 --- a/1th/04/10.md +++ b/1th/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # brothers Here "brothers" means fellow Christians. - diff --git a/1th/04/11.md b/1th/04/11.md index 86236e7947..e6b1424a0f 100644 --- a/1th/04/11.md +++ b/1th/04/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul uses the word "quietly" as a metaphor to describe living at peace in one's # labor with your hands This is a metaphor for living a productive life. Alternate translation: "work at your own jobs to earn what you need to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/04/12.md b/1th/04/12.md index c8f140a66d..c5d378502b 100644 --- a/1th/04/12.md +++ b/1th/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ in a way that shows respect to others and earns their respect # before outsiders Paul speaks of those who do not believe in Christ as if they are outside, in a place away from the believers. Alternate translation: "in the sight of those who do not believe in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/04/13.md b/1th/04/13.md index ee0157333b..59a865e756 100644 --- a/1th/04/13.md +++ b/1th/04/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ mourn, be sad about something # like the rest, who do not have hope Here "hope" means a certainty about the future. What those people do not have confidence about can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "like people who do not have confidence in the future promise" or "like the people who are not sure that they will rise from the dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1th/04/14.md b/1th/04/14.md index 6b71ee9864..1f3b253d68 100644 --- a/1th/04/14.md +++ b/1th/04/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "we" refers to Paul and his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclu # those who have fallen asleep in him Here "fallen asleep" is a polite way to refer to having died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1th/04/15.md b/1th/04/15.md index 27368f4d66..c842a5c2c5 100644 --- a/1th/04/15.md +++ b/1th/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # at the coming of the Lord "when the Lord returns" - diff --git a/1th/04/16.md b/1th/04/16.md index 6c69d4456a..0fee9872b3 100644 --- a/1th/04/16.md +++ b/1th/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the dead in Christ will rise first The "dead in Christ" are those believers who have passed away. Alternate translation: "those who believe in Jesus Christ, but who have already died, will rise first" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1th/04/17.md b/1th/04/17.md index 8c3f02d81d..cc1d62e9b2 100644 --- a/1th/04/17.md +++ b/1th/04/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the dead believers who were made alive again. # be caught up in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air "meet the Lord Jesus in the sky" - diff --git a/1th/04/18.md b/1th/04/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1th/04/18.md +++ b/1th/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1th/04/intro.md b/1th/04/intro.md index 657975a2f0..6fed65a7fb 100644 --- a/1th/04/intro.md +++ b/1th/04/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,17 @@ # 1 Thessalonians 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Sexual immorality -Different cultures have different standards of sexual morality. These different cultural standards may make translating this passage difficult. Translators must also be aware of cultural taboos. These are topics considered improper to discuss. +### Sexual immorality -#### Dying before the return of Christ -In the early church, people apparently wondered what would happen if a believer died before Christ returned. They may have worried whether those dying before Christ returned would be part of the kingdom of God. Paul answers that concern. +Different cultures have different standards of sexual morality. These different cultural standards may make translating this passage difficult. Translators must also be aware of cultural taboos. These are topics considered improper to discuss. + +### Dying before the return of Christ + +In the early church, people apparently wondered what would happen if a believer died before Christ returned. They may have worried whether those dying before Christ returned would be part of the kingdom of God. Paul answers that concern. + +### "Caught up in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air" -#### "Caught up in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air" This passage refers to a time when Jesus calls to himself those who have believed in him. Scholars differ on whether or not this refers to Christ's final glorious return. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +19,3 @@ This passage refers to a time when Jesus calls to himself those who have believe * __[1 Thessalonians 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1th/05/01.md b/1th/05/01.md index a0f9d06107..8cf56ce3e7 100644 --- a/1th/05/01.md +++ b/1th/05/01.md @@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ Paul continues talking about the day Jesus will come back. This is a figurative expression which states the same idea twice. It refers to the time when the Lord Jesus will return. Alternate Translation: "the exact time that the Lord will return." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - # brothers Here "brothers" means fellow Christians. - diff --git a/1th/05/02.md b/1th/05/02.md index 984af47aba..c601866816 100644 --- a/1th/05/02.md +++ b/1th/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # like a thief in the night Just as one does not know which night a thief may come, we do not know when the day of the Lord will come. Alternate translation: "unexpectedly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/03.md b/1th/05/03.md index b1cb952549..0a6b0e4305 100644 --- a/1th/05/03.md +++ b/1th/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # like birth pains in a pregnant woman Just as a pregnant woman's birth pains come suddenly and do not stop until the birth is complete, the destruction will come, and people will not escape. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/04.md b/1th/05/04.md index 09f92457c9..cd11a34105 100644 --- a/1th/05/04.md +++ b/1th/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of evil and ignorance about God as if they were darkness. Alternate # so that the day would overtake you like a thief The Lord will come on a day when believers will not expect him to come, but that day will not "overtake" them—God will not destroy them on that day—because they will be ready for Jesus to return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/05.md b/1th/05/05.md index a2c9369474..a4309b90de 100644 --- a/1th/05/05.md +++ b/1th/05/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of the truth as if it were light and day. Alternate translation: "Fo # We are not sons of the night or the darkness Paul speaks of evil and ignorance about God as if they were darkness. Alternate translation: We are not unknowing, like people who live in the darkness, like people at night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/06.md b/1th/05/06.md index 49489401e7..2fc7c5bc8c 100644 --- a/1th/05/06.md +++ b/1th/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "us" refers to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive # keep watch and be sober Paul describes spiritual awareness as the opposite of sleep and drunkenness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/07.md b/1th/05/07.md index baf1406711..02b1f27bb7 100644 --- a/1th/05/07.md +++ b/1th/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Just as when people sleep and do not know what is happening, so the people of th # those who get drunk do so at night Paul is stating that it is at night when people become drunk, so when people are unaware of Christ's return they do not live a self-controlled life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/08.md b/1th/05/08.md index 1a288dcc99..7aefd533db 100644 --- a/1th/05/08.md +++ b/1th/05/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ As a soldier would put on a breastplate to protect his body, a believer who live # the hope of salvation for our helmet Here "hope of salvation" means a certainty that Jesus will save his people. Here "helmet" is a metaphor. As a helmet protects a soldier's head, assurance of salvation protects the believer. Alternate translation: "protect ourselves by being certain that Christ will save us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/09.md b/1th/05/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1th/05/09.md +++ b/1th/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1th/05/10.md b/1th/05/10.md index 1f5aeb0a08..1f723947fa 100644 --- a/1th/05/10.md +++ b/1th/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whether we are awake or asleep These are polite ways of saying alive or dead. Alternate translation: "whether we are alive or dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/11.md b/1th/05/11.md index 4f3a33ae2f..9fd833a877 100644 --- a/1th/05/11.md +++ b/1th/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # build each other up Here "build" is a metaphor that means encourage. Alternate translation: "encourage each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/12.md b/1th/05/12.md index 79baf03ca9..1c3351da24 100644 --- a/1th/05/12.md +++ b/1th/05/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "brothers" means fellow believers. # who rule over you in the Lord This refers to people God appointed to serve as leaders of the local group of believers. - diff --git a/1th/05/13.md b/1th/05/13.md index c9ebc943ca..4752266156 100644 --- a/1th/05/13.md +++ b/1th/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # esteem them highly in love because of their work Paul exhorts the believers to respect and love their church leaders. - diff --git a/1th/05/14.md b/1th/05/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1th/05/14.md +++ b/1th/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1th/05/15.md b/1th/05/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1th/05/15.md +++ b/1th/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1th/05/16.md b/1th/05/16.md index f94318627e..951acd8b3d 100644 --- a/1th/05/16.md +++ b/1th/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Rejoice always Paul is exhorting the believers to maintain a spiritual attitude of rejoicing in all things. - diff --git a/1th/05/17.md b/1th/05/17.md index 399058d132..31c5273215 100644 --- a/1th/05/17.md +++ b/1th/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pray without ceasing Paul is exhorting the believers to be vigilant in prayer. - diff --git a/1th/05/18.md b/1th/05/18.md index 7613224877..288a09bb60 100644 --- a/1th/05/18.md +++ b/1th/05/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In all circumstances # For this is the will of God Paul is referring to the behavior he just mentioned as being God's will for the believers. - diff --git a/1th/05/19.md b/1th/05/19.md index a72d621f88..4c3dfeb899 100644 --- a/1th/05/19.md +++ b/1th/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not quench the Spirit "Do not stop the Holy Spirit from working among you" - diff --git a/1th/05/20.md b/1th/05/20.md index e3693e83ae..6d01cfca7c 100644 --- a/1th/05/20.md +++ b/1th/05/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not despise prophecies "Do not have contempt for prophecies" or "Do not hate anything the Holy Spirit tells someone" - diff --git a/1th/05/21.md b/1th/05/21.md index 8ea292ebde..c610af32f7 100644 --- a/1th/05/21.md +++ b/1th/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Hold firmly to what is good Paul speaks of messages from the Holy Spirit as if they were objects that one could grasp in his hands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/22.md b/1th/05/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1th/05/22.md +++ b/1th/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1th/05/23.md b/1th/05/23.md index 4f72b66a4d..88966a48fd 100644 --- a/1th/05/23.md +++ b/1th/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to God making a person sinless and perfect in his sight. # May your whole spirit, soul, and body be preserved blameless Here the phrase "spirit, soul, and body" represents the whole person. If your language does not have three words for these parts you can state it as "your whole life" or "you." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May God make your whole life without sin" or "May God keep you completely blameless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/24.md b/1th/05/24.md index 6767ec5377..5679a9334c 100644 --- a/1th/05/24.md +++ b/1th/05/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the one who will also do it "he will be helping you" - diff --git a/1th/05/25.md b/1th/05/25.md index 195de6493b..e1f298f605 100644 --- a/1th/05/25.md +++ b/1th/05/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Paul gives his closing statements. - diff --git a/1th/05/26.md b/1th/05/26.md index e63b0a10bf..5b801f61df 100644 --- a/1th/05/26.md +++ b/1th/05/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brothers Here "brothers" means fellow Christians. - diff --git a/1th/05/27.md b/1th/05/27.md index 7fe595c05a..e72c5c1d67 100644 --- a/1th/05/27.md +++ b/1th/05/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I command you by the Lord to have this letter read This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I urge you, as if the Lord were speaking to you, to have people read this letter" or "With the authority of the Lord, I direct you to read this letter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1th/05/28.md b/1th/05/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1th/05/28.md +++ b/1th/05/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1th/05/intro.md b/1th/05/intro.md index 87c988ce32..3d3ba0caf9 100644 --- a/1th/05/intro.md +++ b/1th/05/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # 1 Thessalonians 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Paul concludes his letter in a way that was typical of letters in the ancient Near East. +Paul concludes his letter in a way that was typical of letters in the ancient Near East. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Day of the Lord -#### Day of the Lord The exact time of the coming day of the Lord will be a surprise to the world. This is what the simile "like a thief in the night" means. Because of this, Christians are to live prepared for the coming of the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/dayofthelord]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) -#### Quench the Spirit +### Quench the Spirit + To quench the Spirit is to ignore or work against the Holy Spirit's guidance and work. ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ To quench the Spirit is to ignore or work against the Holy Spirit's guidance and * __[1 Thessalonians 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/1th/front/intro.md b/1th/front/intro.md index e77d7aa74d..5e8816f3ef 100644 --- a/1th/front/intro.md +++ b/1th/front/intro.md @@ -7,14 +7,18 @@ 1. Greeting (1:1) 1. Prayer of thanksgiving for the Thessalonian Christians (1:2-10) 1. Paul's ministry in Thessalonica (2:1-16) -1. Paul's concerns for their spiritual growth - - Like a mother (2:7) - - Like a father (2:11) +1. Paul's concerns for their spiritual growth + + - Like a mother (2:7) + - Like a father (2:11) + 1. Paul sends Timothy to the Thessalonians and Timothy reports back to Paul (3:1-13) 1. Practical instructions - - Live to please God (4:1-12) - - Comfort regarding those who have died (4:12-18) - - Christ's return is a motive for godly living (5:1-11) + + - Live to please God (4:1-12) + - Comfort regarding those who have died (4:12-18) + - Christ's return is a motive for godly living (5:1-11) + 1. Closing blessings, thanks, and prayers (5:12-28) ### Who wrote 1 Thessalonians? @@ -60,4 +64,3 @@ For the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older version * "Timothy, our brother and fellow worker for God" (3:2). Some other translations read: "Timothy, our brother and servant of God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/01.md b/1ti/01/01.md index 795067dbe5..f0ec7e2f43 100644 --- a/1ti/01/01.md +++ b/1ti/01/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In this book, unless otherwise noted, the word "our" refers to Paul and Timothy # Christ Jesus our hope Here "our hope" refers to the person in whom we have confidence. Alternate translation: "Christ Jesus, who is the one in whom we have confidence" or "Christ Jesus, whom we trust" - diff --git a/1ti/01/02.md b/1ti/01/02.md index 23ed4c688c..4b3b7ce2e5 100644 --- a/1ti/01/02.md +++ b/1ti/01/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though they were father and # Christ Jesus our Lord "Christ Jesus, who is our Lord" - diff --git a/1ti/01/03.md b/1ti/01/03.md index 58370aa898..6272c1bab4 100644 --- a/1ti/01/03.md +++ b/1ti/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul encourages Timothy to reject the wrong use of the law and instead to use go # a different doctrine The implied information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "a different doctrine from what we teach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/04.md b/1ti/01/04.md index c12f9bcf67..fe6298e366 100644 --- a/1ti/01/04.md +++ b/1ti/01/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ the written or verbal record of a person's parents and ancestors # rather than the plan of God, which is by faith Possible meanings are 1) "rather than helping people to understand God's plan to save us, which we learn by faith" or 2) "rather than helping us to do God's work, which we do by faith." - diff --git a/1ti/01/05.md b/1ti/01/05.md index 82f56dd4d1..d3ec9dc8b9 100644 --- a/1ti/01/05.md +++ b/1ti/01/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "pure" means the person does not have hidden motives to do wrong. Here "hea # sincere faith "genuine faith" or "a faith without hypocrisy" - diff --git a/1ti/01/06.md b/1ti/01/06.md index 35f6a64fff..cd2ae0a207 100644 --- a/1ti/01/06.md +++ b/1ti/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of people who no longer try to "love from a pure heart, from a good # turned to worthless talk "begun to have useless discussions" - diff --git a/1ti/01/07.md b/1ti/01/07.md index aa397c0483..067cb659da 100644 --- a/1ti/01/07.md +++ b/1ti/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "law" refers to the law of Moses. # what they so confidently affirm "what they so confidently state is true" - diff --git a/1ti/01/08.md b/1ti/01/08.md index 2fe145facc..2f2226be09 100644 --- a/1ti/01/08.md +++ b/1ti/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if one uses it lawfully "if a person uses it correctly" or "if a person uses it the way God intended" - diff --git a/1ti/01/09.md b/1ti/01/09.md index cde0c56cdb..e9756d6152 100644 --- a/1ti/01/09.md +++ b/1ti/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God did not set # a righteous man Here "man" includes both male and female. Alternate translation: "a righteous person" or "a good person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/10.md b/1ti/01/10.md index 3d204a4b5d..ef77836734 100644 --- a/1ti/01/10.md +++ b/1ti/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to anyone who sleeps with someone to whom they are not married. # whatever else is opposed to truthful teaching The Greek has "healthy" but that term is a figure for "truthful" here. It is a dead metaphor for true, trustworthy, and morally good. Alternate translation: "whatever other things people do that we teach is wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphordead]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/11.md b/1ti/01/11.md index 738440becf..0422cd7f4c 100644 --- a/1ti/01/11.md +++ b/1ti/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with which I have been entrusted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which God has given me and made me responsible for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/12.md b/1ti/01/12.md index 8c109d01f0..08ce38dd97 100644 --- a/1ti/01/12.md +++ b/1ti/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he appointed me to service "he assigned me to serve him" or "he appointed me as his servant" - diff --git a/1ti/01/13.md b/1ti/01/13.md index 2bd8d2b696..90da2fddbd 100644 --- a/1ti/01/13.md +++ b/1ti/01/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul begins to tell how he acted in the past. # I received mercy "Jesus showed me mercy" or "Jesus had mercy on me" - diff --git a/1ti/01/14.md b/1ti/01/14.md index a09db34731..75109c7792 100644 --- a/1ti/01/14.md +++ b/1ti/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the result of God showing much grace to Paul. Alternate translation: "ov # that is in Christ Jesus This speaks about Jesus as if he were a container that holds a liquid. Here "in Christ Jesus" refers to having a relationship with Jesus. Alternate translation: "that Christ Jesus enables me to give to God because I am united to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/15.md b/1ti/01/15.md index 4e8bf268eb..04377cf1f0 100644 --- a/1ti/01/15.md +++ b/1ti/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # sinners, of whom I am chief "sinners, of whom I am the chief sinner" or "sinners, of whom I am the worst." Paul is saying that he has sinned more than any other sinner, not that he has been the leader of a group of sinners. - diff --git a/1ti/01/16.md b/1ti/01/16.md index 8af9c06909..4175895d88 100644 --- a/1ti/01/16.md +++ b/1ti/01/16.md @@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God showed me mercy" # the chief -"the chief sinner" or "the worst sinner." Paul is saying that he has sinned more than any other sinner, not that he has been the leader of a group of sinners. See how you translated this in [1 Timothy 1:15](../01//15.md). - +"the chief sinner" or "the worst sinner." Paul is saying that he has sinned more than any other sinner, not that he has been the leader of a group of sinners. See how you translated this in [1 Timothy 1:15](../01/15.md). diff --git a/1ti/01/17.md b/1ti/01/17.md index 6b4389623e..e9fc4e4c2f 100644 --- a/1ti/01/17.md +++ b/1ti/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "Now" is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Paul prai # Now to the king of the ages, the immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever The abstract nouns "honor" and "glory" can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "Now may people forever honor and glorify the king of the ages, who is immortal, invisible, and the only God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/18.md b/1ti/01/18.md index 5a0cacc7b9..938c39db9b 100644 --- a/1ti/01/18.md +++ b/1ti/01/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "in agreement with wha # fight the good fight Paul speaks about Timothy working for the Lord as if he were a soldier fighting a battle. Alternate translation: "continue to work hard for the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/19.md b/1ti/01/19.md index b48b7121af..e8247ca897 100644 --- a/1ti/01/19.md +++ b/1ti/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # some have shipwrecked their faith Paul speaks of these people's faith as if it were a ship that could be wrecked at sea. He means that they have ruined their faith and no longer believe in Jesus. You should use this or a similar metaphor if it will be understood in the project language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/20.md b/1ti/01/20.md index ab428dfaa3..63802b119c 100644 --- a/1ti/01/20.md +++ b/1ti/01/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul has cast the men out of the community, so Satan now has power over them and # they may be taught This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God may teach them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ti/01/intro.md b/1ti/01/intro.md index 7faf298d99..644849ea42 100644 --- a/1ti/01/intro.md +++ b/1ti/01/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # 1 Timothy 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul formally introduces this letter in verses 1-2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Spiritual children -In this chapter, Paul calls Timothy a "son" and his "child." Paul discipled Timothy as a Christian and a church leader. Paul may also have led him to believe in Christ. Therefore, Paul called Timothy his "son in the faith." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +### Spiritual children -#### Genealogies +In this chapter, Paul calls Timothy a "son" and his "child." Paul discipled Timothy as a Christian and a church leader. Paul may also have led him to believe in Christ. Therefore, Paul called Timothy his "son in the faith." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) + +### Genealogies Genealogies are lists that record a person's ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could normally become king. They also showed from what tribe and family they came. For example, priests came from the tribe of Levi and the family of Aaron. Most important people had records of their genealogies. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Play on words -#### Play on words The phrase "the law is good if one uses it lawfully" ([1 Timothy 1:8](./08.md)) is a play on words. The English words "law" and "lawfully" come from the same root, and they translate words that come from the same root in the original language, so it would be well to translate the clause so as to preserve this word play. ## Links: @@ -24,4 +26,3 @@ The phrase "the law is good if one uses it lawfully" ([1 Timothy 1:8](./08.md)) * __[1 Timothy intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ti/02/01.md b/1ti/02/01.md index 69193d62c0..242d7289cb 100644 --- a/1ti/02/01.md +++ b/1ti/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I urge all believers # I urge "I plead" or "I ask" - diff --git a/1ti/02/02.md b/1ti/02/02.md index 96ef17f995..c66007ff28 100644 --- a/1ti/02/02.md +++ b/1ti/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "peaceful" and "quiet" mean the same thing. Paul wants all believers to be # in all godliness and dignity "that honors God and that other people will respect" - diff --git a/1ti/02/03.md b/1ti/02/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/1ti/02/03.md +++ b/1ti/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/1ti/02/04.md b/1ti/02/04.md index 87fc0e1a10..035a74e549 100644 --- a/1ti/02/04.md +++ b/1ti/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God desires to save a # to come to the knowledge of the truth Paul speaks of learning the truth about God as if it were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "to know and accept what is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/02/05.md b/1ti/02/05.md index 7a4e22aeb0..f949ea727b 100644 --- a/1ti/02/05.md +++ b/1ti/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one mediator for God and man A mediator is a person who helps negotiate a peaceful settlement between two parties who disagree with each other. Here Jesus helps sinners enter into a peaceful relationship with God. - diff --git a/1ti/02/06.md b/1ti/02/06.md index dbb19d5aa8..0767654975 100644 --- a/1ti/02/06.md +++ b/1ti/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It can be made explicit that this was the testimony that God wants to save all p # at the right time This means that this was the time that God had chosen. - diff --git a/1ti/02/07.md b/1ti/02/07.md index 860fdf628f..4988cedb66 100644 --- a/1ti/02/07.md +++ b/1ti/02/07.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Christ appointed me t # a herald -"an official messenger." A herald is an official messenger who is sent to bring news. +"an official messenger." A herald is an official messenger who is sent to bring news. # I am telling the truth, I am not lying @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ With these two comments Paul emphasizes that he is telling the truth when he say # in faith and truth This probably refers to what Paul was to teach about. He may be using "faith" and truth" to express one idea. Alternate translation: "about the message of faith and truth" or "about the true faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/1ti/02/08.md b/1ti/02/08.md index c01ceebeea..7dda2b6fec 100644 --- a/1ti/02/08.md +++ b/1ti/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "holy hands" is a metonym for a holy person. Alternate translation: "I want # lift up holy hands It was a normal posture for people to raise their hands while praying. - diff --git a/1ti/02/09.md b/1ti/02/09.md index 60edef8f37..4b8686ff93 100644 --- a/1ti/02/09.md +++ b/1ti/02/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ During Paul's time, many Roman women braided their hair to make themselves attra # pearls These are beautiful and valuable white balls that people use as jewelry. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/1ti/02/10.md b/1ti/02/10.md index e707cc42f8..d5b5a1bced 100644 --- a/1ti/02/10.md +++ b/1ti/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings of this verse are 1) the words "through good works" tell how t # who proclaim godliness through good works "who want to show that they honor God by doing good deeds" - diff --git a/1ti/02/11.md b/1ti/02/11.md index 1432f0e610..21e5a2c684 100644 --- a/1ti/02/11.md +++ b/1ti/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and with all submission "and submit to what is taught" - diff --git a/1ti/02/12.md b/1ti/02/12.md index f91af92751..027d74b5ac 100644 --- a/1ti/02/12.md +++ b/1ti/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I do not permit a woman "I do not allow a woman" - diff --git a/1ti/02/13.md b/1ti/02/13.md index 25986b8a27..25b45c592e 100644 --- a/1ti/02/13.md +++ b/1ti/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Adam is the one God f # then Eve The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "and then God formed Eve" or "and then God created Eve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ti/02/14.md b/1ti/02/14.md index 316d438c96..afb8b5aecb 100644 --- a/1ti/02/14.md +++ b/1ti/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "And Adam was not the # but the woman was deceived and became a transgressor This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but it was the woman who disobeyed God when the serpent deceived her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ti/02/15.md b/1ti/02/15.md index 8ca502fce6..5a083762ef 100644 --- a/1ti/02/15.md +++ b/1ti/02/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract nouns here can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate transla # with self-control Other possible meanings are 1) "with good judgment" or 2) "with modesty." - diff --git a/1ti/02/intro.md b/1ti/02/intro.md index 8b25cb4a3a..4510508a15 100644 --- a/1ti/02/intro.md +++ b/1ti/02/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ # 1 Timothy 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Peace -#### Peace Paul encourages Christians to pray for everyone. They should pray for rulers so that Christians can live peacefully, in a godly and dignified way. -#### Women in the church +### Women in the church -Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage. +Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings" -These terms overlap each other in what they mean. It is not necessary to view them as distinct categories. +### "Prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings" + +These terms overlap each other in what they mean. It is not necessary to view them as distinct categories. ## Links: * __[1 Timothy 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ti/03/01.md b/1ti/03/01.md index cac2142527..356de4b3ec 100644 --- a/1ti/03/01.md +++ b/1ti/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul gives some special instructions on how the overseers of the church should a # a good work "an honorable task" - diff --git a/1ti/03/02.md b/1ti/03/02.md index 797844c433..26c34afe28 100644 --- a/1ti/03/02.md +++ b/1ti/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An overseer must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have # He must be moderate, sensible, orderly, and hospitable "He must not do anything to excess, must be reasonable and behave well, and must be friendly to strangers" - diff --git a/1ti/03/03.md b/1ti/03/03.md index 5a244a289c..f7b5d2aba0 100644 --- a/1ti/03/03.md +++ b/1ti/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a lover of money "greedy for money" - diff --git a/1ti/03/04.md b/1ti/03/04.md index c2c724c53b..5513efa734 100644 --- a/1ti/03/04.md +++ b/1ti/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he should make sure his children obey and respect him in every way Possible meanings are 1) the overseer's children should obey and show respect to their father or 2) the overseer's children should show respect to everyone or 3) the overseer should show respect to those in his household as he leads them. - diff --git a/1ti/03/05.md b/1ti/03/05.md index 77557e52dc..dcff1ad9bd 100644 --- a/1ti/03/05.md +++ b/1ti/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses a question to teach Timothy. Alternate translation: "he cannot take ca # a church of God Here "church" refers to a local group of God's people. Alternate translation: "a group of God's people" or "the believers over whom he is in charge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ti/03/06.md b/1ti/03/06.md index 74950865c1..bb64b73459 100644 --- a/1ti/03/06.md +++ b/1ti/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fall into condemnation as the devil Paul speaks of a person being condemned for having done wrong as if he were falling into a hole. Alternate translation: "have God condemn him as he condemned the devil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/03/07.md b/1ti/03/07.md index 114aa15200..6e724b93ec 100644 --- a/1ti/03/07.md +++ b/1ti/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he does not fall into disgrace and the trap of the devil Paul speaks of disgrace and the devil causing someone to sin as if they were a hole or a trap into which a person falls. Here "fall into" means to experience. Alternate translation: "nothing causes him shame before the unbelievers and so that the devil does not cause him to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/03/08.md b/1ti/03/08.md index dc7f332784..59f5ce8adf 100644 --- a/1ti/03/08.md +++ b/1ti/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul gives some special instructions on how the deacons of the church and their # should be dignified, not double-talkers Paul speaks about some people as if they were "double-talkers" who could say two things at once. He is talking about people who say one thing but mean something else. Alternate translation: "should act properly and mean what they say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/03/09.md b/1ti/03/09.md index 8c53a510e8..3a7e439371 100644 --- a/1ti/03/09.md +++ b/1ti/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the truth of the fait # faith with a clean conscience Paul speaks of a person's knowledge that he has done no wrong as if that knowledge or conscience were clean. Alternate translation: "faith, knowing they have tried their hardest to do what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/03/10.md b/1ti/03/10.md index e9898cbd44..bc5da9b5ea 100644 --- a/1ti/03/10.md +++ b/1ti/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Other believers shoul # be approved This means other believers should evaluate those who want to be a deacon and determine if they are fit to serve in the church. - diff --git a/1ti/03/11.md b/1ti/03/11.md index 4af3d2dc8e..2ff115fed9 100644 --- a/1ti/03/11.md +++ b/1ti/03/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings of "their wives" are 1) the wives of deacons or 2) female deac # sober "moderate." See how you translated "moderate" in [1 Timothy 3:2](../03/02.md). - diff --git a/1ti/03/12.md b/1ti/03/12.md index 6f24da0d0c..4a62a41e45 100644 --- a/1ti/03/12.md +++ b/1ti/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A man must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been # manage well their children and household "properly take care of and lead their children and others who live in their homes" - diff --git a/1ti/03/13.md b/1ti/03/13.md index b1a20c6a4b..e15d80ad8c 100644 --- a/1ti/03/13.md +++ b/1ti/03/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The implied meaning may be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "a good rep # great confidence in the faith that is in Christ Jesus Possible meanings are 1) they will trust in Jesus with even more confidence or 2) they will speak confidently to other people about their faith in Jesus. - diff --git a/1ti/03/14.md b/1ti/03/14.md index 8e13ab40d2..bc7f7ece49 100644 --- a/1ti/03/14.md +++ b/1ti/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul tells Timothy the reason he wrote to him and then describes Christ's godlin # I hope to come to you soon Paul expected that his desire to visit them soon would happen. Alternate translation: "I expect to come to you soon" - diff --git a/1ti/03/15.md b/1ti/03/15.md index 4148951b2a..b53c33d618 100644 --- a/1ti/03/15.md +++ b/1ti/03/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul speaks of the believers bearing witness to the truth about Christ as if the # the living God Here this expression may be speaking of God as the one who gives life to all, as in the UDB. - diff --git a/1ti/03/16.md b/1ti/03/16.md index dbb22bfd59..13698c580c 100644 --- a/1ti/03/16.md +++ b/1ti/03/16.md @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God the Father took h # in glory This means he received power from God the Father and he is worthy of honor. - diff --git a/1ti/03/intro.md b/1ti/03/intro.md index a8837777cc..b50c8e5d23 100644 --- a/1ti/03/intro.md +++ b/1ti/03/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ # 1 Timothy 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting [1 Timothy 3:16](./16.md) was probably a song, poem, or creed the early church used to list important doctrines that believers all shared. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Overseers and deacons -#### Overseers and deacons The church has used different titles for church leaders. Some titles include elder, pastor, and bishop. The word "overseer" reflects the meaning of the original language in verses 1-2. Paul writes about "deacons" in verses 8 and 12 as another kind of church leader. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Character qualities -This chapter lists several qualities that a man must have if he is to be an overseer or deacon in the church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) +### Character qualities + +This chapter lists several qualities that a man must have if he is to be an overseer or deacon in the church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) ## Links: * __[1 Timothy 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ti/04/01.md b/1ti/04/01.md index 1ec1f24071..cc01f288ba 100644 --- a/1ti/04/01.md +++ b/1ti/04/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul speaks of people ceasing to trust in Christ as if they were physically leav # deceitful spirits and the teachings of demons "spirits who trick people and the things that demons teach" - diff --git a/1ti/04/02.md b/1ti/04/02.md index a44f488e59..97d9782336 100644 --- a/1ti/04/02.md +++ b/1ti/04/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Paul is speaking of people who can no longer tell that # seared touched with a hot object until it burns brown or black - diff --git a/1ti/04/03.md b/1ti/04/03.md index 962cf85ec8..e228347b0b 100644 --- a/1ti/04/03.md +++ b/1ti/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that they will forbid believers to marry. Alternate translation: " # require them to abstain from foods It is implied that they will forbid only certain foods. Alternate translation: "they will not allow people to eat certain foods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ti/04/04.md b/1ti/04/04.md index d87625acc3..4c05032968 100644 --- a/1ti/04/04.md +++ b/1ti/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everything that God h # nothing received with thanksgiving is to be rejected This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we should not refuse anything for which we give thanks to God" or "everything that we eat with thanksgiving is acceptable" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ti/04/05.md b/1ti/04/05.md index 25e16b4740..a4623da5ad 100644 --- a/1ti/04/05.md +++ b/1ti/04/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we sanctify it" or "w # word of God Here "word" refers to God's message or what he has revealed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ti/04/06.md b/1ti/04/06.md index ceb4918434..79eb43e107 100644 --- a/1ti/04/06.md +++ b/1ti/04/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul speaks of God's word and its teaching as if it could physically feed Timoth # words of faith "words that cause people to believe" - diff --git a/1ti/04/07.md b/1ti/04/07.md index ddc31c6b77..1c8c273f0b 100644 --- a/1ti/04/07.md +++ b/1ti/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is probably an expression that means "silly" or "absurd." Paul is not purpo # train yourself in godliness "train yourself to honor God" or "train yourself to act in ways that please God" - diff --git a/1ti/04/08.md b/1ti/04/08.md index 0630c78b22..69303f1bf6 100644 --- a/1ti/04/08.md +++ b/1ti/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # holds promise for this life "is beneficial to this life" - diff --git a/1ti/04/09.md b/1ti/04/09.md index d034f13932..453a09115f 100644 --- a/1ti/04/09.md +++ b/1ti/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # worthy of full acceptance "worthy of your complete belief" or "worthy of your full trust" - diff --git a/1ti/04/10.md b/1ti/04/10.md index afff1b807b..6d091d9ba4 100644 --- a/1ti/04/10.md +++ b/1ti/04/10.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ The word "labor" here refers to working very hard, and "struggle" is a metaphor for dealing with difficulties and dangers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # For we hope in the living God ... believers + Paul and his fellow workers confidently expect that God will do all that he has promised to do. Alternate translation: "For we confidently expect that the living God... believers, will do what he promised to do" or "For we fully trust in the living God ... believers" # the living God @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the God who is alive," as opposed to idols, who are no # but especially of believers The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: "but he is especially the Savior of those people who believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/1ti/04/11.md b/1ti/04/11.md index b3bd2e61cd..ee8d44bd6e 100644 --- a/1ti/04/11.md +++ b/1ti/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Instruct the people and teach these things "Command and teach these things" or "Instruct and teach these things I just mentioned" - diff --git a/1ti/04/12.md b/1ti/04/12.md index f7d5be1ac9..062ad0151a 100644 --- a/1ti/04/12.md +++ b/1ti/04/12.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ # in speech, conduct, love, faithfulness, and purity -Paul wanted Timothy to be an example in these things. Alternate translation: "by speaking and doing what is right, by loving others, and by being faithful and pure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) \ No newline at end of file +Paul wanted Timothy to be an example in these things. Alternate translation: "by speaking and doing what is right, by loving others, and by being faithful and pure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) diff --git a/1ti/04/13.md b/1ti/04/13.md index 3b1d2d16bc..b267e1aaca 100644 --- a/1ti/04/13.md +++ b/1ti/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # attend to the reading, to the exhortation, and to the teaching The words "reading," "exhortation," and "teaching" can be translated with verbal phrases. The implied information can also be supplied in translation Alternate translation: "continue reading the scripture to the people, exhorting the people, and teaching the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ti/04/14.md b/1ti/04/14.md index 3b1be763fb..121b2e293f 100644 --- a/1ti/04/14.md +++ b/1ti/04/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which you received wh # laying on of the hands of the elders This was a ceremony in which the church leaders put their hands on Timothy and prayed that God would enable him to do the work he had commanded him to do. - diff --git a/1ti/04/15.md b/1ti/04/15.md index 52443699e6..3dcc325f07 100644 --- a/1ti/04/15.md +++ b/1ti/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of God's gifts to Timothy as if he could physically be in them. Alte # so that your progress may be evident to all people Paul speaks of Timothy's increasing ability to serve God as if it were a physical object that others could look at. Alternate translation: "so other people will know that you are serving God better and better" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/04/16.md b/1ti/04/16.md index d4d39680d9..15ca87f9cc 100644 --- a/1ti/04/16.md +++ b/1ti/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # you will save yourself and those who listen to you Possible meanings are 1) Timothy will save himself and those who hear him from God's judgment or 2) Timothy will save himself and those who hear him from the influence of false teachers. - diff --git a/1ti/04/intro.md b/1ti/04/intro.md index 36b078e8bc..1ac9ffec4b 100644 --- a/1ti/04/intro.md +++ b/1ti/04/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 1 Timothy 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting [1 Timothy 4:1](../04/01.md) is a prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Later times -#### Later times This is another way of referring to the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This is another way of referring to the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible * __[1 Timothy 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ti/05/01.md b/1ti/05/01.md index 298b78810d..4e1a8bb9d6 100644 --- a/1ti/05/01.md +++ b/1ti/05/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul continues to tell Timothy how to treat the men, women, widows, and younger # as if he were a father ... as brothers Paul uses these similes to tell Timothy that he should treat fellow believers with sincere love and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/1ti/05/02.md b/1ti/05/02.md index 64b5826875..50bbdb7a03 100644 --- a/1ti/05/02.md +++ b/1ti/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: "exhort # in all purity "with pure thoughts and actions" or "in a holy way" - diff --git a/1ti/05/03.md b/1ti/05/03.md index 13df5ff650..0e05c0ad72 100644 --- a/1ti/05/03.md +++ b/1ti/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the real widows "widows with no one to provide for them" - diff --git a/1ti/05/04.md b/1ti/05/04.md index 5105136ee3..105df39df1 100644 --- a/1ti/05/04.md +++ b/1ti/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Let them repay their parents "Let them do good to their parents in return for the good things their parents have given them" - diff --git a/1ti/05/05.md b/1ti/05/05.md index b3fc1927a7..c40ac4c432 100644 --- a/1ti/05/05.md +++ b/1ti/05/05.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ "But one who is truly a widow, who has no family" # has set her hope in God + The widow confidently expected that God would do what he promised to do. Alternate translation: "confidently expects that God will do what he promised to do" or "fully trusts in God" # continues in offering earnest appeals and prayers @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emph # night and day The words "night" and "day" are used together to mean "at all times." Alternate translation: "all the time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/1ti/05/06.md b/1ti/05/06.md index c7837f6b2d..4015ac12c7 100644 --- a/1ti/05/06.md +++ b/1ti/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks about people who do not seek to please God as if they were dead. Alt # she lives This refers to physical life. - diff --git a/1ti/05/07.md b/1ti/05/07.md index 29e1622a53..769b57a49f 100644 --- a/1ti/05/07.md +++ b/1ti/05/07.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ -# Instruct them in these things +# Instruct them in these things "Teach them these things, too" or "Command them to do these things, too" # so that they may be blameless "so that no one can find fault with them." Possible meanings of "they" are 1) "these widows and their families" or 2) "the believers." It might be best to leave the subject as "they." - diff --git a/1ti/05/08.md b/1ti/05/08.md index 32af51d3a4..5e200a06ca 100644 --- a/1ti/05/08.md +++ b/1ti/05/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # is worse than an unbeliever "is worse than those who do not believe in Jesus." Paul means this person is worse than an unbeliever because even unbelievers take care of their relatives. Therefore, a believer should certainly take care of his relatives. - diff --git a/1ti/05/09.md b/1ti/05/09.md index 6c3d325814..f83ff95ce8 100644 --- a/1ti/05/09.md +++ b/1ti/05/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ As Paul will explain in 5:11-16, widows who were younger than 60 years old might # a wife of one husband Possible meanings are 1) she was always faithful to her husband or 2) she had not divorced her husband and then married another man. - diff --git a/1ti/05/10.md b/1ti/05/10.md index f5f0ead3c5..d7d01cd052 100644 --- a/1ti/05/10.md +++ b/1ti/05/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "the afflicted" is a nominal adjective that can be stated as an adjective. # has been devoted to every good work "has given herself to doing all kinds of good deeds" - diff --git a/1ti/05/11.md b/1ti/05/11.md index 1eb925b5fb..f192e1d77e 100644 --- a/1ti/05/11.md +++ b/1ti/05/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # For when they give in to bodily desires against Christ, they want to marry "For when they prefer to fulfill their sensual desires and get married, they go against their promise to serve Christ as widows" - diff --git a/1ti/05/12.md b/1ti/05/12.md index c5798cf49d..5d4ea9720c 100644 --- a/1ti/05/12.md +++ b/1ti/05/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # commitment The commitment of the widows was their agreement to serve the Christian community for the rest of their lives if the community would supply the widows' needs. - diff --git a/1ti/05/13.md b/1ti/05/13.md index cd2ca0d353..a8c789a3cd 100644 --- a/1ti/05/13.md +++ b/1ti/05/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ words that do not help those who hear them # busybodies people who look into other people's private lives for their own good and not for the good of the other people - diff --git a/1ti/05/14.md b/1ti/05/14.md index d9c4a043d1..7f9bbb994a 100644 --- a/1ti/05/14.md +++ b/1ti/05/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words could refer to 1) Satan or 2) unbelievers who are hostile to Christi # to slander us Here "us" refers to the entire Christian community, including Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/1ti/05/15.md b/1ti/05/15.md index 614ade12c8..f01bce6fe6 100644 --- a/1ti/05/15.md +++ b/1ti/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turned aside after Satan Paul speaks of living in faithfulness to Christ as if it were a path to be followed. This means the women stopped obeying Jesus and started obeying Satan. Alternate translation: "left the path of Christ to follow Satan" or "decided to obey Satan instead of Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/05/16.md b/1ti/05/16.md index 75be3363f0..8a6a4ea915 100644 --- a/1ti/05/16.md +++ b/1ti/05/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of the community having to help more people than they are able as if # real widows "those women who have no one to provide for them" - diff --git a/1ti/05/17.md b/1ti/05/17.md index 729d951f7c..378d1417d5 100644 --- a/1ti/05/17.md +++ b/1ti/05/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "respect and payment" or 2) "more respect than others r # those who labor with the word and in teaching Paul speaks about the word as if it is an object that a person can work with. Alternate translation: "those who work hard preaching and those who teach God's word" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/05/18.md b/1ti/05/18.md index 7bab0d5ba2..855aacdef6 100644 --- a/1ti/05/18.md +++ b/1ti/05/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ An ox "threshes the grain" when it walks on or pulls a heavy object over the cut # is worthy of "deserves" - diff --git a/1ti/05/19.md b/1ti/05/19.md index 4a2ebc0a50..b10d315b5e 100644 --- a/1ti/05/19.md +++ b/1ti/05/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of accusations as if they were objects that could be physically acce # two or three "at least two" or "two or more" - diff --git a/1ti/05/20.md b/1ti/05/20.md index ca2df01289..1989a67411 100644 --- a/1ti/05/20.md +++ b/1ti/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to anyone doing anything that disobeys or displeases God, even thing # so that the rest may be afraid "so that others will be afraid to sin" - diff --git a/1ti/05/21.md b/1ti/05/21.md index c109670ef3..4680987857 100644 --- a/1ti/05/21.md +++ b/1ti/05/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "partiality" and "favoritism" mean basically the same thing. Paul is e # these commands The phrase "these commands" could refer to 1) the rules Paul just told Timothy or 2) the rules Paul is about to tell Timothy. - diff --git a/1ti/05/22.md b/1ti/05/22.md index aa5a1edf6e..0f071d9800 100644 --- a/1ti/05/22.md +++ b/1ti/05/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of someone's sin as if it were an object that could be shared with o # Do not share in the sins of another person Possible meanings are 1) if Timothy chose someone who was guilty of sin to be a church worker, God would hold Timothy responsible for that person's sin or 2) Timothy should not commit sins he saw others committing. - diff --git a/1ti/05/23.md b/1ti/05/23.md index bc2a30211a..d87be415b6 100644 --- a/1ti/05/23.md +++ b/1ti/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that Timothy should not drink only water. Paul is telling Timothy # for the stomach and your frequent sicknesses "because of your stomach and your frequent sicknesses" or "to help your stomach and to stop your frequent illnesses" - diff --git a/1ti/05/24.md b/1ti/05/24.md index cdeebb9b53..9595158d0a 100644 --- a/1ti/05/24.md +++ b/1ti/05/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The sins of some peop # But some sins follow later "But some sins follow people later." Paul speaks of sins as if they were moving. Possible meanings are 1) Timothy and the Christian community will not know about certain sins until later or 2) God will not judge some sins until the final judgment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/05/25.md b/1ti/05/25.md index 79101806d3..c5d58da1ae 100644 --- a/1ti/05/25.md +++ b/1ti/05/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The works are considered "good" because they fit with God's character, purposes, # but even the others cannot be hidden Paul speaks of good works as if they were objects that someone cannot hide. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but people will later find out about even the good deeds that are not obvious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ti/05/intro.md b/1ti/05/intro.md index dbb11d4e32..e16bb55270 100644 --- a/1ti/05/intro.md +++ b/1ti/05/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # 1 Timothy 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Honor and respect -Paul encourages younger Christians to honor and respect older Christians. Cultures honor and respect older people in different ways. +### Honor and respect + +Paul encourages younger Christians to honor and respect older Christians. Cultures honor and respect older people in different ways. + +### Widows -#### Widows In the ancient Near East, it was important to care for widows, because they could not provide for themselves. ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, it was important to care for widows, because they coul * __[1 Timothy 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/1ti/06/01.md b/1ti/06/01.md index b24a7a8d02..722e3d972c 100644 --- a/1ti/06/01.md +++ b/1ti/06/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "name" refers to God's nature or character. Alternate translation: "the cha # the teaching "the faith" or "the gospel" - diff --git a/1ti/06/02.md b/1ti/06/02.md index 7436128703..b5bf59fecd 100644 --- a/1ti/06/02.md +++ b/1ti/06/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may need to add the words omitted by the ellipsis. Alternate translation: "t # and beloved This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "and the slaves should love them" or 2) "whom God loves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/03.md b/1ti/06/03.md index d72c4646df..910e97c3bd 100644 --- a/1ti/06/03.md +++ b/1ti/06/03.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ # the truthful words of our Lord Jesus Christ -The word "truthful" is a figure of speech from the Greek word for "healthy." +The word "truthful" is a figure of speech from the Greek word for "healthy." # truthful words The word translated as "truthful" comes from the term "healthy" here, and it is a dead metaphor for true, trustworthy, and morally good. See how you translated the word "healthy" in [1 Timothy 1:10](../01/10.md). Alternate translation: "trustworthy words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphordead]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/04.md b/1ti/06/04.md index 175786ce40..ed9ff88190 100644 --- a/1ti/06/04.md +++ b/1ti/06/04.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ bad things that people falsely say about each other # evil suspicions evil beliefs that innocent people have done something wrong or are planning on doing something wrong - diff --git a/1ti/06/05.md b/1ti/06/05.md index 9c76801633..ec871f1e13 100644 --- a/1ti/06/05.md +++ b/1ti/06/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They have lost the truth Here the word "They" refers to anyone who teaches anything that does not agree with the teaching of Jesus. The phrase "have lost the truth" represents ignoring it or forgetting it. Alternate translation: "They have ignored the truth" or "They have forgotten the truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/06.md b/1ti/06/06.md index dcf8e540a0..120ce910e5 100644 --- a/1ti/06/06.md +++ b/1ti/06/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "godliness" and "contentment" are abstract nouns. Alternate translatio # is great gain "provides great benefits" or "does many good things for us" - diff --git a/1ti/06/07.md b/1ti/06/07.md index e2044acdc6..3e3f17e1b8 100644 --- a/1ti/06/07.md +++ b/1ti/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we can take nothing out of it "we can take nothing out of the world when we die" - diff --git a/1ti/06/08.md b/1ti/06/08.md index 9e56c69db2..614995f915 100644 --- a/1ti/06/08.md +++ b/1ti/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let us "we should" - diff --git a/1ti/06/09.md b/1ti/06/09.md index 2426b70905..c1a62a01aa 100644 --- a/1ti/06/09.md +++ b/1ti/06/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are probably desires to do things that will harm those who do them as much # into whatever else sinks people into ruin and destruction Paul speaks about people who suffer because of their sins as if sin were a person who had put them under water or in mud. Alternate translation: "into other kinds of evil that ruin and destroy people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/10.md b/1ti/06/10.md index 83e4f5d673..a3eae6c1fc 100644 --- a/1ti/06/10.md +++ b/1ti/06/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of wrong desires as if they were evil guides who intentionally guide # have pierced themselves with much grief Paul speaks about grief as if it were swords that people have used to stab themselves. Alternate translation: "have caused themselves to be very sorrowful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/11.md b/1ti/06/11.md index 65e6806558..6b02f09f94 100644 --- a/1ti/06/11.md +++ b/1ti/06/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings of "these things" are 1) the "love of money" or 2) the differe # Pursue righteousness "Run after righteousness" or "Chase righteousness." Paul speaks of righteousness and other good qualities as if they were things that a person could run after. This metaphor is the opposite of "flee from." It means to try your best to obtain something. Alternate translation: "Seek to gain" or "Do your best to act in" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/12.md b/1ti/06/12.md index ffad52e9a6..18f660c6ec 100644 --- a/1ti/06/12.md +++ b/1ti/06/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to which God has call # before many witnesses Paul expresses the idea of location in order to signal the idea of the people to whom Timothy was speaking. Alternate translation: "to many witnesses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/13.md b/1ti/06/13.md index 75dc900f53..8e9b447c8d 100644 --- a/1ti/06/13.md +++ b/1ti/06/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul talks of Christ's coming, gives specific instructions to the rich, and last # and before Christ Jesus, who testified before Pontius Pilate "in the presence of Christ Jesus, who spoke ... Pilate." It is implied that Paul is asking Jesus to be his witness. Alternate translation: "with Christ Jesus, who spoke ... Pilate, as my witness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/14.md b/1ti/06/14.md index 855dd963f4..b25fb53f3d 100644 --- a/1ti/06/14.md +++ b/1ti/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "without spot" is a metaphor for being without moral fault. Possible # until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ "until our Lord Jesus Christ comes again" - diff --git a/1ti/06/15.md b/1ti/06/15.md index fe486e7ec2..b38f0789bd 100644 --- a/1ti/06/15.md +++ b/1ti/06/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that God will reveal Jesus. Alternate translation: "God will revea # the blessed and only Sovereign "the One worthy of praise who rules over the world" - diff --git a/1ti/06/16.md b/1ti/06/16.md index 7c6946515e..951f8a7323 100644 --- a/1ti/06/16.md +++ b/1ti/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # dwells in inapproachable light "dwells in a light so bright that no one can approach him" - diff --git a/1ti/06/17.md b/1ti/06/17.md index 8e6038edb4..b560021dee 100644 --- a/1ti/06/17.md +++ b/1ti/06/17.md @@ -3,12 +3,13 @@ Here "rich" is a nominal adjective. It can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Solemnly charge those who are rich in this world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) # not to hope in riches, which are uncertain + Paul tells rich people not to confidently expect that their wealth will always provide what they need. Alternate translation: "not to confidently expect that they will always have what they need, because it is uncertain how long they may have their many possession" # they should hope in God + Paul tells rich people that they should confidently expect God to do what he has promised to do. Alternate translation: "they should confidently expect that God will do what he has promised to do" or "they should fully trust in God" # all the true riches "all the things that will make us truly happy." The reference here may include physical objects, but it more likely refers to states like love, joy, and peace that people try to obtain by means of physical objects. - diff --git a/1ti/06/18.md b/1ti/06/18.md index a85b2d417f..9eae4685a2 100644 --- a/1ti/06/18.md +++ b/1ti/06/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # be rich in good works Paul speaks of spiritual blessings as if they were earthly wealth. Alternate translation: "serve and help others in many ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/19.md b/1ti/06/19.md index 50a726a6de..92a434113f 100644 --- a/1ti/06/19.md +++ b/1ti/06/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Paul speaks about the blessings that God gives in heaven as if they were ri # take hold of real life This recalls the sports metaphor of [1 Timothy 6:12](../06/12.md), where the prize is something that the winner can actually hold in his hands. Here the "prize" is "real" life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/20.md b/1ti/06/20.md index 9bbdf749eb..1069606e5e 100644 --- a/1ti/06/20.md +++ b/1ti/06/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "faithfully proclaim t # of what is falsely called knowledge This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "of what some people falsely call knowledge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/21.md b/1ti/06/21.md index 8fdc0142ee..ce15d75c3c 100644 --- a/1ti/06/21.md +++ b/1ti/06/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of those who stop obeying Christ as if they were children or animals # May grace be with you "May God give grace to all of you." The "you" is plural and refers to the whole Christian community. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/1ti/06/intro.md b/1ti/06/intro.md index 7b126bb674..7ba3bb6a25 100644 --- a/1ti/06/intro.md +++ b/1ti/06/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # 1 Timothy 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Slavery +### Slavery Paul does not write in this chapter about whether slavery is good or bad. Paul teaches about honoring, respecting, and diligently serving masters. Paul teaches all believers to be godly and content in every situation. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Paul does not write in this chapter about whether slavery is good or bad. Paul t * __[1 Timothy 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/1ti/front/intro.md b/1ti/front/intro.md index 842bdf5c89..9d6fc3dfc8 100644 --- a/1ti/front/intro.md +++ b/1ti/front/intro.md @@ -5,15 +5,19 @@ ### Outline of the Book of 1 Timothy 1. Greetings (1:1,2) -1. Paul and Timothy - - Warning about false teachers (1:3-11) - - Paul thankful for what Christ has done in his ministry (1:12-17) - - He calls Timothy to fight in this spiritual battle (1:18-20) +1. Paul and Timothy + + - Warning about false teachers (1:3-11) + - Paul thankful for what Christ has done in his ministry (1:12-17) + - He calls Timothy to fight in this spiritual battle (1:18-20) + 1. Prayer for all (2:1-8) 1. Roles and responsibilities in the church (2:9-6:2) 1. Warnings - - Second warning about false teachers (6:3-5) - - Money (6:6-10) + + - Second warning about false teachers (6:3-5) + - Money (6:6-10) + 1. Description of a man of God (6:11-16) 1. Note to the wealthy people (6:17-19) 1. Closing words to Timothy (6:20,21) @@ -26,7 +30,7 @@ This book is the first letter Paul wrote to Timothy. Timothy was his disciple an ### What is the Book of 1 Timothy about? -Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matters. The topics he addressed included church worship, qualifications for church leaders, and warnings against false teachers. This letter shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches. +Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matters. The topics he addressed included church worship, qualifications for church leaders, and warnings against false teachers. This letter shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -40,7 +44,8 @@ Discipleship is the process of encouraging people to live the way Jesus wants th ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues -#### Singular and plural "you" +### Singular and plural "you" + In this book, the word "I" refers to Paul. Also, the word "you" is almost always singular and refers to Timothy. The exception to this is 6:21. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) ### What did Paul mean by the expressions "in Christ," "in the Lord," and others like them? @@ -56,4 +61,3 @@ For the following verse, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions * "godliness is a way to get more money." Some older versions of the Bible read this way, "godliness is a way to get more money: withdraw from such things." (6:5) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/01.md b/2ch/01/01.md index 15d1933760..480cd39791 100644 --- a/2ch/01/01.md +++ b/2ch/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # God was with him Here "was with him" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "God supported him" or "God helped him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/02.md b/2ch/01/02.md index f7378a3234..054d173a2a 100644 --- a/2ch/01/02.md +++ b/2ch/01/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "prince" means leaders in general. They are not necessarily the sons of the # the heads of the fathers' houses Here "heads" is a metaphor for the most important part. And "houses" represents families. Alternate translation: "the leaders of the families in Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/03.md b/2ch/01/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/01/03.md +++ b/2ch/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/01/04.md b/2ch/01/04.md index b75b8526b1..6731438e09 100644 --- a/2ch/01/04.md +++ b/2ch/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A little town about 9 miles west of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transl # pitched a tent "set up a tent" - diff --git a/2ch/01/05.md b/2ch/01/05.md index bff5445451..f1be412083 100644 --- a/2ch/01/05.md +++ b/2ch/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the bronze altar that # Bezalel son of Uri son of Hur These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/06.md b/2ch/01/06.md index 4b2de8beef..f2317aed98 100644 --- a/2ch/01/06.md +++ b/2ch/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # one thousand "1,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/07.md b/2ch/01/07.md index 5b18d21d60..4103c5f1b9 100644 --- a/2ch/01/07.md +++ b/2ch/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ask! What should I give you? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Ask for whatever you want from me." - diff --git a/2ch/01/08.md b/2ch/01/08.md index 9e7dd21eaf..47fa13e62b 100644 --- a/2ch/01/08.md +++ b/2ch/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have shown great covenant faithfulness to David The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithfully" or "faithful." Alternate translation: "You have greatly and faithfully loved David" or "You have been very faithful to David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/09.md b/2ch/01/09.md index 6d9e70f3c9..b2e3509c03 100644 --- a/2ch/01/09.md +++ b/2ch/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "please do what you pr # a people as numerous as the dust of the earth This simile emphasizes the great number of Israelites. Alternate translation: "countless people" or "very many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/10.md b/2ch/01/10.md index a740551d44..4a85ea8ef4 100644 --- a/2ch/01/10.md +++ b/2ch/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "wisdom" and "knowledge." Alte # who can judge your people, who are so many in number? Here "judge" means to govern or rule. Solomon uses a question to state that it is impossible to rule over so many people without God's help. Alternate translation: "no one can judge all of your countless people without your help." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/11.md b/2ch/01/11.md index 91ab8cfcff..641b2ce3f6 100644 --- a/2ch/01/11.md +++ b/2ch/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents desire. Alternate translation: "Because this was your de # nor for the life of those who hate you "nor to be able to defeat those who hate you" or "nor to be able to kill your enemies" - diff --git a/2ch/01/12.md b/2ch/01/12.md index 684e3e95bd..ce564c8593 100644 --- a/2ch/01/12.md +++ b/2ch/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will now give you wisdom and knowledge This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "wisdom" and "knowledge." Alternate translation: "I will now cause you to be wise and to know many things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/13.md b/2ch/01/13.md index f97b0fe48d..00da2ea060 100644 --- a/2ch/01/13.md +++ b/2ch/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Solomon" represents all the people with him. Also "came" can be stated as # from before the tent of meeting "from the tent of meeting" - diff --git a/2ch/01/14.md b/2ch/01/14.md index 510f265e49..ddac48f7ec 100644 --- a/2ch/01/14.md +++ b/2ch/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # in the chariot cities This is a reference to cities which stored his chariots. - diff --git a/2ch/01/15.md b/2ch/01/15.md index 9f515bdfdd..3e8619902d 100644 --- a/2ch/01/15.md +++ b/2ch/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The narrator uses exaggeration to emphasize the great amount of silver that was # the sycamore trees This is a tree that grows fruit that looks like figs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/2ch/01/16.md b/2ch/01/16.md index 19a7f0e182..b15e852183 100644 --- a/2ch/01/16.md +++ b/2ch/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a region. Some think that Kue was the same as Cilicia, in As # at a price "at a set price" or "for money" - diff --git a/2ch/01/17.md b/2ch/01/17.md index 6d816afa1f..150cf7303b 100644 --- a/2ch/01/17.md +++ b/2ch/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: "ab # exported to send something out of one country into another - diff --git a/2ch/01/intro.md b/2ch/01/intro.md index 1219d4526c..870936bd94 100644 --- a/2ch/01/intro.md +++ b/2ch/01/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins a section about King Solomon's reign (2 Chronicles 1-9). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Wisdom -#### Wisdom Solomon asks God for wisdom to rule God's people. God is pleased with this request because it is used to serve others. Therefore, God also gives Solomon tremendous wealth and a long life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +16,3 @@ Solomon asks God for wisdom to rule God's people. God is pleased with this reque * __[2 Chronicles intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/02/01.md b/2ch/02/01.md index 3d3a8364c3..6fe90a2410 100644 --- a/2ch/02/01.md +++ b/2ch/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "name" is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "commanded h # of a palace for his kingdom "of a royal palace for his kingdom" or "of a palace for himself" - diff --git a/2ch/02/02.md b/2ch/02/02.md index 77bf6b0313..c7c3ee8e63 100644 --- a/2ch/02/02.md +++ b/2ch/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is understood that these are loads of materials for building Yahweh's house. # 3,600 "three thousand six hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/03.md b/2ch/02/03.md index 1290312477..3fcc245275 100644 --- a/2ch/02/03.md +++ b/2ch/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hiram This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/04.md b/2ch/02/04.md index c13a350a17..de1bb78d4c 100644 --- a/2ch/02/04.md +++ b/2ch/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was the time of a festival coinciding with the movement of the moon. # This is forever, for Israel Here "This" refers back to all the ways the people will worship Yahweh at his temple. Alternate translation: "These are the things Yahweh has commanded Israel to do forever" - diff --git a/2ch/02/05.md b/2ch/02/05.md index 5581b9345c..2320f5afb9 100644 --- a/2ch/02/05.md +++ b/2ch/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God is greater This is a reference to God being more important and more powerful than other gods, not to being larger than other gods. - diff --git a/2ch/02/06.md b/2ch/02/06.md index 908d3422e2..1bb51bd744 100644 --- a/2ch/02/06.md +++ b/2ch/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who is able to build God a house, since the entire universe and even heaven itself cannot contain him? Who am I to build him a house, except to burn sacrifices before him? Solomon uses a question to emphasize that no one is able or worthy to build a house for God. Alternate translation: "no one is able to build a house for God because not even the universe or heaven is big enough to contain him. I am not worthy to build a house for him, except as a place to offer sacrifices to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/07.md b/2ch/02/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/02/07.md +++ b/2ch/02/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/02/08.md b/2ch/02/08.md index b389133046..e48ab6fa8c 100644 --- a/2ch/02/08.md +++ b/2ch/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues Solomon's message to Hiram, the king of Tyre. # cedar, cypress, and algum trees These are different types of tress. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/09.md b/2ch/02/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/02/09.md +++ b/2ch/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/02/10.md b/2ch/02/10.md index 7380056b0e..0edbb776b8 100644 --- a/2ch/02/10.md +++ b/2ch/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A cor is 220 liters. Twenty thousand cors equals 4,400 cubic meters. (See: [[rc: # twenty thousand baths A bath is 22 liters. Twenty thousand baths equals 440 cubic meters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/11.md b/2ch/02/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/02/11.md +++ b/2ch/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/02/12.md b/2ch/02/12.md index 80f935e628..2f92e21a81 100644 --- a/2ch/02/12.md +++ b/2ch/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gifted with prudence and understanding This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "prudence" and "understanding." Alternate translation: "who is very intelligent and understands many things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/13.md b/2ch/02/13.md index 077c3bf9fc..65e2e4bc7c 100644 --- a/2ch/02/13.md +++ b/2ch/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "understanding" can be stated as "understands" or "wise." Alte # Huram-Abi This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/14.md b/2ch/02/14.md index d5229cc880..eac0757bc4 100644 --- a/2ch/02/14.md +++ b/2ch/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate many of these words as you did in [2 Chronicles 2:7](../02/07.md). # He is the son of a woman of the daughters of Dan "His mother is from the tribe of Dan" or "His mother is a descendant of Dan" - diff --git a/2ch/02/15.md b/2ch/02/15.md index b523663653..043f05887c 100644 --- a/2ch/02/15.md +++ b/2ch/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the message from Hiram, king of Tyre, to Solomon. # of which my master has spoken, let him send these things to his servants Hiram refers to Solomon as "my master" and to himself and his own people as "his servants." This is a way of showing respect. Alternate translation: "of which you, my master, have spoken, please send these things to us, your servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/16.md b/2ch/02/16.md index 7b95c55203..8e2dee0dcc 100644 --- a/2ch/02/16.md +++ b/2ch/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will carry it up to Jerusalem Here "you" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate translation: "you will command your people to take the wood to Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/17.md b/2ch/02/17.md index 29d7682f13..c131b18fd1 100644 --- a/2ch/02/17.md +++ b/2ch/02/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "There were 153,600 fo # 3,600 "three thousand six hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/18.md b/2ch/02/18.md index babe827bf6..38d8e054b2 100644 --- a/2ch/02/18.md +++ b/2ch/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to carry loads It is understood that these are loads of materials for building Yahweh's house. Alternate translation: "to carry loads of materials" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/02/intro.md b/2ch/02/intro.md index c849b06129..2b403c3275 100644 --- a/2ch/02/intro.md +++ b/2ch/02/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of Solomon's reign continues in this chapter. This chapter also begins a section on building the temple. (2 Chronicles 2-4 and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### House of God -#### House of God The temple is repeatedly referred to as the "house of God" because Yahweh will dwell in the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/houseofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The temple is repeatedly referred to as the "house of God" because Yahweh will d * __[2 Chronicles 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/03/01.md b/2ch/03/01.md index 5647a2634d..984532a4e1 100644 --- a/2ch/03/01.md +++ b/2ch/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ornan the Jebusite "Ornan" is the name of a man. "Jebusite" is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/02.md b/2ch/03/02.md index 9e9eede6c0..254baefcd7 100644 --- a/2ch/03/02.md +++ b/2ch/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do # in the fourth year "in year 4" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/03.md b/2ch/03/03.md index 0d87ee4287..4e56ad3456 100644 --- a/2ch/03/03.md +++ b/2ch/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the narrator begin # sixty cubits ... twenty cubits "60 cubits ... 20 cubits." A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "27.6 meters long ... 9.2 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/04.md b/2ch/03/04.md index 985e481d40..429006c66b 100644 --- a/2ch/03/04.md +++ b/2ch/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "9.2 meters" (See: [[rc://en/t # Solomon overlaid The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate translation: "Solomon's workers overlaid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/05.md b/2ch/03/05.md index cd59e51ba9..3edab98f5e 100644 --- a/2ch/03/05.md +++ b/2ch/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do # the main hall This is a reference to a large room, not a hallway. - diff --git a/2ch/03/06.md b/2ch/03/06.md index 03695d3070..026d8278ee 100644 --- a/2ch/03/06.md +++ b/2ch/03/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Stones that were beautiful, highly valued, and used for decorations. # Parvaim This is probably the name of a region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/07.md b/2ch/03/07.md index 7027402e4e..85f89e2c29 100644 --- a/2ch/03/07.md +++ b/2ch/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do # beams A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. - diff --git a/2ch/03/08.md b/2ch/03/08.md index 5857c250cf..2ae8fdd431 100644 --- a/2ch/03/08.md +++ b/2ch/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "9.2 meters" (See: [[rc://en/t # six hundred talents "600 talents." A talent is 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: "about 20 metric tons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/09.md b/2ch/03/09.md index c67e15bc31..feaa6151c7 100644 --- a/2ch/03/09.md +++ b/2ch/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fifty shekels "50 shekels." A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: ".55 kilograms" or "about a half a kilogram"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/10.md b/2ch/03/10.md index b277349055..9ffa4f8f02 100644 --- a/2ch/03/10.md +++ b/2ch/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He made The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate translation: "Solomon's workers made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/11.md b/2ch/03/11.md index 7bccf6d625..b995ed96a8 100644 --- a/2ch/03/11.md +++ b/2ch/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty cubits ... five cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "9.2 meters ... 2.3 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/12.md b/2ch/03/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/03/12.md +++ b/2ch/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/03/13.md b/2ch/03/13.md index 32c8bed6f8..5fb07c2293 100644 --- a/2ch/03/13.md +++ b/2ch/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "9.2 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/14.md b/2ch/03/14.md index f91b9d5cac..715a944fa8 100644 --- a/2ch/03/14.md +++ b/2ch/03/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate these words as you did in [2 Chronicles 2:7](../02/07.md). # fine linen "high quality cloth" or "the best cloth" - diff --git a/2ch/03/15.md b/2ch/03/15.md index 3e620ffd67..b61707c338 100644 --- a/2ch/03/15.md +++ b/2ch/03/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do # the capitals decorations on top of the pillars - diff --git a/2ch/03/16.md b/2ch/03/16.md index b75434f55e..13c6cf9d61 100644 --- a/2ch/03/16.md +++ b/2ch/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do # one hundred pomegranates "100 pomegranates" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/17.md b/2ch/03/17.md index cfd375b796..53787da99e 100644 --- a/2ch/03/17.md +++ b/2ch/03/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possibly a name to describe God as "The One who establishes." (See: [[rc://en/ta # Boaz This name means "in strength" and is possibly used here to describe God because it means, "In him is strength." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/03/intro.md b/2ch/03/intro.md index 5806abe034..b1dd89f3f0 100644 --- a/2ch/03/intro.md +++ b/2ch/03/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 2 Chronicles 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of King Solomon and the building of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Location of the temple -The location of the temple was very significant. Many important events in history occurred at this location. +### Location of the temple + +The location of the temple was very significant. Many important events in history occurred at this location. ## Links: * __[2 Chronicles 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/04/01.md b/2ch/04/01.md index 6e8030aa0e..8fe733d594 100644 --- a/2ch/04/01.md +++ b/2ch/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably # twenty cubits ... ten cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "20 cubits ... 10 cubits" or "9.2 meters ... 4.6 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/2ch/04/02.md b/2ch/04/02.md index 37ae69c5cf..f48a7aac56 100644 --- a/2ch/04/02.md +++ b/2ch/04/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is metal that was melted then formed in a mold. # in circumference Circumference is the distance or measurement around a circular object or area. - diff --git a/2ch/04/03.md b/2ch/04/03.md index b33eefb33f..8c71c1c588 100644 --- a/2ch/04/03.md +++ b/2ch/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "every 46 centimeters" (See: [ # when the sea itself was cast This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the workers cast the sea itself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/04/04.md b/2ch/04/04.md index 4275c6e2a6..db74ae982f 100644 --- a/2ch/04/04.md +++ b/2ch/04/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Solomon's workers set # hindquarters This is the back quarter of the body of an animal with four feet. - diff --git a/2ch/04/05.md b/2ch/04/05.md index b8f05b9922..3edfd17a26 100644 --- a/2ch/04/05.md +++ b/2ch/04/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Solomon's workers for # three thousand baths "3,000 baths." A bath is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: "66 cubic meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/2ch/04/06.md b/2ch/04/06.md index e9c4b34a6b..5b3dffe28f 100644 --- a/2ch/04/06.md +++ b/2ch/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably # items used in performing the burnt offering were to be washed in them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people were to wash the items used in performing the burnt offering in them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/04/07.md b/2ch/04/07.md index 06957f4250..e3a96f5553 100644 --- a/2ch/04/07.md +++ b/2ch/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "according to the inst # on the right hand ... on the left "on the right side ... on the left side" or "on the south side ... on the north side" - diff --git a/2ch/04/08.md b/2ch/04/08.md index 371440374e..fed528fbd5 100644 --- a/2ch/04/08.md +++ b/2ch/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably # basins shallow bowls used for washing - diff --git a/2ch/04/09.md b/2ch/04/09.md index 6986ce138c..9c31c70fb9 100644 --- a/2ch/04/09.md +++ b/2ch/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably # the great court "the large court" - diff --git a/2ch/04/10.md b/2ch/04/10.md index f19ba8ebbe..f79bb79930 100644 --- a/2ch/04/10.md +++ b/2ch/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably # on the east side of the temple, facing toward the south "next to the southeast corner of the temple" - diff --git a/2ch/04/11.md b/2ch/04/11.md index eb5fd19c2e..cad01dd38f 100644 --- a/2ch/04/11.md +++ b/2ch/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ bowls that held blood that was used in the house of God for sprinkling the altar # Huram finished the work that he did Here Huram represents all who worked on the temple. Alternate translation: "Huram and the other workers finished the work that they did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/04/12.md b/2ch/04/12.md index 2f360336b5..0a7fde0704 100644 --- a/2ch/04/12.md +++ b/2ch/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The upper part of a pillar is called a capital. See how you translated "capital" # decorative latticework This refers to the decorative carving or markings on the upper part of the pillars. Alternate translation: "carvings that resembled chains" - diff --git a/2ch/04/13.md b/2ch/04/13.md index 1a85a2a452..cd622c82b0 100644 --- a/2ch/04/13.md +++ b/2ch/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Huram represents all who worked on the temple. Alternate translation: "Hura # the four hundred pomegranates "the 400 pomegranates." Translate "pomegranates" as you did in [2 Chronicles 3:16](../03/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/04/14.md b/2ch/04/14.md index 058e869c11..a5f19b17ea 100644 --- a/2ch/04/14.md +++ b/2ch/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Huram, who is also called Huram-Abi, represents all those who worked with h # the basins "the bowls" - diff --git a/2ch/04/15.md b/2ch/04/15.md index 7de4ebb63c..6719628129 100644 --- a/2ch/04/15.md +++ b/2ch/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one sea and the twelve bulls This is a large decorative washing container. Translate "sea" as you did in [2 Chronicles 4:2](../04/02.md) and "bulls" as you did in [2 Chronicles 4:3](./03.md). - diff --git a/2ch/04/16.md b/2ch/04/16.md index 14bb2fdba4..8479255dba 100644 --- a/2ch/04/16.md +++ b/2ch/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Huram, who is also called Huram-Abi, represents all those who worked with h # polished bronze Bronze that the workmen polished so that it would reflect light. - diff --git a/2ch/04/17.md b/2ch/04/17.md index b7963f7149..754fac7bc8 100644 --- a/2ch/04/17.md +++ b/2ch/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do # Zarethan This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/04/18.md b/2ch/04/18.md index 334612284a..eb15274e82 100644 --- a/2ch/04/18.md +++ b/2ch/04/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do # the weight of the bronze could not be known This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) there was so much bronze no one tried to weigh it. Alternate translation: "no one even tried to weigh the bronze" or 2) this is a hyperbole that emphasizes the great amount of bronze. Alternate translation: "no one could even determine how much all the bronze weighed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/04/19.md b/2ch/04/19.md index d58adaf059..58519b0cb4 100644 --- a/2ch/04/19.md +++ b/2ch/04/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the tables on which t # the bread of the presence This is a reference to the 12 loaves of bread that were placed in front of the altar. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 2:4](../02/04.md). - diff --git a/2ch/04/20.md b/2ch/04/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/04/20.md +++ b/2ch/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/04/21.md b/2ch/04/21.md index 4079c08976..8b44033cc5 100644 --- a/2ch/04/21.md +++ b/2ch/04/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "flowers" and "lamps" were part of the lampstands. # the tongs This is a tool made from two sticks of wood or metal connected at one end and used for picking up objects. - diff --git a/2ch/04/22.md b/2ch/04/22.md index f380fce737..c563994a52 100644 --- a/2ch/04/22.md +++ b/2ch/04/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These would have been used to trim the wicks of the lamps. # its inner doors ... were made of gold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the workers made its inner doors ... out of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/04/intro.md b/2ch/04/intro.md index 0a57248e4f..3c33dc46a5 100644 --- a/2ch/04/intro.md +++ b/2ch/04/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 2 Chronicles 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of King Solomon and the building of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) +The story of King Solomon and the building of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Special construction -Not only is the temple constructed in a special way, the things that are used in the temple's sacrificial system and its decorations are constructed in a special way. +### Special construction + +Not only is the temple constructed in a special way, the things that are used in the temple's sacrificial system and its decorations are constructed in a special way. ## Links: * __[2 Chronicles 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/05/01.md b/2ch/05/01.md index ed8feb5e24..c36e5642a2 100644 --- a/2ch/05/01.md +++ b/2ch/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do # treasuries storerooms, rooms where things are kept or stored - diff --git a/2ch/05/02.md b/2ch/05/02.md index 999643e0a0..4d9b5a50ec 100644 --- a/2ch/05/02.md +++ b/2ch/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the heads of the tribes Here "heads" is a metaphor for the most important part of something. Alternate translation: "all the leaders of the tribes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/05/03.md b/2ch/05/03.md index 2f01f8d2ec..93289f5c53 100644 --- a/2ch/05/03.md +++ b/2ch/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may refer either 1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who # at the feast, which was in the seventh month This is the Festival of Shelters which is on the fifteenth day of the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. This is near the beginning of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/05/04.md b/2ch/05/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/05/04.md +++ b/2ch/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/05/05.md b/2ch/05/05.md index 662483b873..6fc10c271b 100644 --- a/2ch/05/05.md +++ b/2ch/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # furnishings This refers to all of the bowls and tools that were used in the house of God. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 4:19](../04/19.md) - diff --git a/2ch/05/06.md b/2ch/05/06.md index 2c93a5fa63..cfac7772be 100644 --- a/2ch/05/06.md +++ b/2ch/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "all" is a generalization meaning very many Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # sacrificing sheep and cattle that could not be counted This is an exaggeration that emphasizes the great number of animals that were sacrificed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "sacrificing more sheep and cattle than anyone could count" or "sacrificing very many sheep and cattle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/05/07.md b/2ch/05/07.md index 7fdfa7aa2b..443e12744e 100644 --- a/2ch/05/07.md +++ b/2ch/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into the inner room of the house, to the most holy place, under "into the inner room of the house—that is, to the most holy place—under" - diff --git a/2ch/05/08.md b/2ch/05/08.md index 4aaf1b29d3..4f1f8f6c15 100644 --- a/2ch/05/08.md +++ b/2ch/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # poles by which it was carried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "poles by which the priests carried it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/05/09.md b/2ch/05/09.md index 14fc9c1101..7c6c65b835 100644 --- a/2ch/05/09.md +++ b/2ch/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people could see thei # to this day This means the day on which the writer wrote. - diff --git a/2ch/05/10.md b/2ch/05/10.md index efbde1953b..ef7559ec61 100644 --- a/2ch/05/10.md +++ b/2ch/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There was nothing in the ark except the two tablets ... Egypt This double negative emphasizes that the two tablets were the only things in the ark. Alternate translation: "The only things in the ark were the two tablets ... Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/2ch/05/11.md b/2ch/05/11.md index fcadeff08e..3073a534f8 100644 --- a/2ch/05/11.md +++ b/2ch/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It came about that This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way of doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/2ch/05/12.md b/2ch/05/12.md index 28b0039af7..9696c45b77 100644 --- a/2ch/05/12.md +++ b/2ch/05/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound (See: [[ # 120 priests "one hundred and twenty priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/05/13.md b/2ch/05/13.md index 766655cdcc..fcb1cd229c 100644 --- a/2ch/05/13.md +++ b/2ch/05/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "covenant loyalty" can be stated as "faithful." Alternate tran # Then the house, the house of Yahweh, was filled with a cloud This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then a cloud filled the house of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/05/14.md b/2ch/05/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/05/14.md +++ b/2ch/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/05/intro.md b/2ch/05/intro.md index 0507dfa239..587782bcfd 100644 --- a/2ch/05/intro.md +++ b/2ch/05/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of King Solomon continues in this chapter. +The story of King Solomon continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Moving the contents of the tent -#### Moving the contents of the tent Everything from the tent was moved into the new temple. This too was done in a special way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Everything from the tent was moved into the new temple. This too was done in a s * __[2 Chronicles 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/06/01.md b/2ch/06/01.md index 4db9aeba8a..2074e3f808 100644 --- a/2ch/06/01.md +++ b/2ch/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon speaks to Yahweh as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he # in thick darkness Here the word "thick" shows that the darkness is extreme. Yahweh spoke of not allowing sinful people to see him as if he were to live in darkness. Alternate translation: "in great darkness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/02.md b/2ch/06/02.md index ffd3b9eff1..121447a770 100644 --- a/2ch/06/02.md +++ b/2ch/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Solomon speaks of commanding the people to build the temple and telling them how # a lofty residence a magnificent house, appropriate for someone who is very important - diff --git a/2ch/06/03.md b/2ch/06/03.md index d9c85ad2f0..7312f6ab34 100644 --- a/2ch/06/03.md +++ b/2ch/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # while all the assembly of Israel was standing The phrase "all the assembly" is a generalization. It does not mean that every person of Israel was standing, but that all of the people who were gathered there were standing. Alternate translation: "while the people of Israel there were standing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/04.md b/2ch/06/04.md index 0e6b5a1cdf..2f9944814d 100644 --- a/2ch/06/04.md +++ b/2ch/06/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ King Solomon actually was one of King David's sons. # with his own hands The hand is a metonym for power. Alternate translation: "by his own power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/05.md b/2ch/06/05.md index 882573636f..17ce9e4629 100644 --- a/2ch/06/05.md +++ b/2ch/06/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the metonym "my name" represents Yahweh's reputation, and his name being th # to be prince over my people Israel Being "prince over people" represents ruling them. Alternate translation: "to rule my people Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/06.md b/2ch/06/06.md index dad03f9d97..69c5c32e11 100644 --- a/2ch/06/06.md +++ b/2ch/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the metonym "my name" represents Yahweh's reputation, and his name being th # to be over my people Israel Being "over" people represents ruling them. Alternate translation: "to rule my people Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/07.md b/2ch/06/07.md index 21fb716acf..3958630b36 100644 --- a/2ch/06/07.md +++ b/2ch/06/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here David's heart is spoken of as if it were a container, and what he desired i # for the name of Yahweh Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh ... for me" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh's reputation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/08.md b/2ch/06/08.md index 15223e6dba..a6c13b7f76 100644 --- a/2ch/06/08.md +++ b/2ch/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate translation # In that it was in your heart "Because it was in your heart" or "Because you wanted" - diff --git a/2ch/06/09.md b/2ch/06/09.md index 1c571bd3f4..5e149390c5 100644 --- a/2ch/06/09.md +++ b/2ch/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one who will come from your loins "one who will be your own offspring" or "one whom you yourself will father" - diff --git a/2ch/06/10.md b/2ch/06/10.md index d22b0e598a..65d8b59fcc 100644 --- a/2ch/06/10.md +++ b/2ch/06/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alte # for the name of Yahweh Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate translation: "for the reputation of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/11.md b/2ch/06/11.md index 996d761b89..bae49ba841 100644 --- a/2ch/06/11.md +++ b/2ch/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in which is Yahweh's covenant, which The stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate translation: "in which are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/12.md b/2ch/06/12.md index ab2e62e53f..d9dff85bee 100644 --- a/2ch/06/12.md +++ b/2ch/06/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # spread out his hands "raised his hands." This was to show that he was praying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/13.md b/2ch/06/13.md index 71a86f5dcb..9ec84dd349 100644 --- a/2ch/06/13.md +++ b/2ch/06/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may convert these to modern measures. Alternate translation: "two and one-th # he spread out his hands toward the heavens Solomon lifted up his hands and held them high as he knelt on the platform to pray. Spreading out his hands toward the heavens was a way of showing that he was praying to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/14.md b/2ch/06/14.md index 86800812cc..642407e642 100644 --- a/2ch/06/14.md +++ b/2ch/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "on the earth. You # walk before you with all their heart The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "live wholeheartedly the way that you want them to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/15.md b/2ch/06/15.md index 44da5f8238..2e946db6a3 100644 --- a/2ch/06/15.md +++ b/2ch/06/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate translation: "and, by # as it is today This refers to the day when Solomon was saying this prayer. - diff --git a/2ch/06/16.md b/2ch/06/16.md index c53e64395d..0067a26eee 100644 --- a/2ch/06/16.md +++ b/2ch/06/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alte # to walk in my law, as you have walked before me The way a person behaves is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "to obey my law, as you have obeyed me" or "to be faithful to my law as you have been faithful to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/17.md b/2ch/06/17.md index 56328a6973..7a64a9c95c 100644 --- a/2ch/06/17.md +++ b/2ch/06/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "confirm your word # your word "your promise" - diff --git a/2ch/06/18.md b/2ch/06/18.md index ef8b078f81..f9b2754c2e 100644 --- a/2ch/06/18.md +++ b/2ch/06/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "Look" indicates that he is about to say something important. # this temple that I have built Solomon speaks of commanding the people to build the temple and telling them how to do it as if he himself had built it. Alternate translation: "this temple that your people have built under my leadership" or "this house that I and your people have built" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/19.md b/2ch/06/19.md index 13a7e8d2c0..e95cf05777 100644 --- a/2ch/06/19.md +++ b/2ch/06/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "prayer" and "plea" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that h # listen to the cry and prayer that your servant prays before you The words "cry" and "prayer" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he asks Yahweh to help him. Solomon refers to himself as "your servant" to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "listen to me, your servant, as I call for you to help me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/20.md b/2ch/06/20.md index 683afcc61a..07bfeaf90c 100644 --- a/2ch/06/20.md +++ b/2ch/06/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate translation # the prayer your servant prays toward this place Solomon refers to himself as "your servant" to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "the prayer that I, your servant, pray toward this place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/21.md b/2ch/06/21.md index f199167855..0e7a25d971 100644 --- a/2ch/06/21.md +++ b/2ch/06/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Solomon speaks of himself as "your servant" to show that he respects Yahweh. Thi # when you listen, forgive "when you hear our prayers, please forgive our sins" - diff --git a/2ch/06/22.md b/2ch/06/22.md index 3322939b4f..b3c166b968 100644 --- a/2ch/06/22.md +++ b/2ch/06/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone requires him # this house This refers to the temple. - diff --git a/2ch/06/23.md b/2ch/06/23.md index e7db82a515..e64b705490 100644 --- a/2ch/06/23.md +++ b/2ch/06/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "head" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "on him" (See # give to him according to his righteousness "give him what he deserves because he is innocent" - diff --git a/2ch/06/24.md b/2ch/06/24.md index 5a702f72e2..a19931a929 100644 --- a/2ch/06/24.md +++ b/2ch/06/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "confess that they have sinned against you" or 2) "prai # seek favor before you "seek your favor" or "ask you to forgive them" - diff --git a/2ch/06/25.md b/2ch/06/25.md index 699fe38ef8..9f12112ae6 100644 --- a/2ch/06/25.md +++ b/2ch/06/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "listen" is an idiom for responding to prayer. Alternate translation: "please # bring them back to the land that you gave to them and to their ancestors This implies that when their enemies defeated them, God's people will have gone to live in other lands. Alternate translation: "bring them back to their own land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/26.md b/2ch/06/26.md index 422786b16c..c1f844dc55 100644 --- a/2ch/06/26.md +++ b/2ch/06/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "confess that they have sinned against you" or 2) "prai # turn from their sin Here "turn from" is a metaphor for stopping doing it. Alternate translation: "stop committing their sins" or "stop acting sinfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/27.md b/2ch/06/27.md index 2aff122a62..d189c9e496 100644 --- a/2ch/06/27.md +++ b/2ch/06/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Al # your land, which you have given to your people as an inheritance The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance because God wanted them to possess it forever. Alternate translation: "your land, which you have given to your people to own forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/28.md b/2ch/06/28.md index 18a860a7a6..686dc27f34 100644 --- a/2ch/06/28.md +++ b/2ch/06/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are agricultural terms that refer to the death of crops from either too li # locusts or caterpillars A "locust" is a type of grasshopper that causes destruction by eating crops. The word "caterpillar" refers to an early growth stage of the locust. - diff --git a/2ch/06/29.md b/2ch/06/29.md index 9486ebf919..e831da7fda 100644 --- a/2ch/06/29.md +++ b/2ch/06/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "plague" is a metaphor for sin, and sin and sorrow are spoken of as being i # he spreads out his hands toward this temple This was a way of showing that they were praying to the God of the temple. See how you translated "spread out his hands" in [2 Chronicles 6:12](../06/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/30.md b/2ch/06/30.md index 52add1efd7..d847603d4a 100644 --- a/2ch/06/30.md +++ b/2ch/06/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for all his ways Here "his ways" represents the person's behavior. Alternate translation: "for what he has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/31.md b/2ch/06/31.md index 2130481920..04b5e87e49 100644 --- a/2ch/06/31.md +++ b/2ch/06/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that they may walk in your ways Here "walk in your ways" represents living and behaving the way God wants. Alternate translation: "so that they may live as you want them to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/32.md b/2ch/06/32.md index d83b4da15d..40f4355e41 100644 --- a/2ch/06/32.md +++ b/2ch/06/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and refer to God's power. (See: # prays toward this house Praying toward Yahweh's temple shows that one is praying to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/33.md b/2ch/06/33.md index 0871eb8dd2..542e1d1609 100644 --- a/2ch/06/33.md +++ b/2ch/06/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "is called by your name" shows that God possesses and owns the house. # this house I have built Solomon speaks of commanding the people to build the temple and telling them how to do it as if he himself had built it. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Chronicles 6:18](../06/18.md). Alternate translation: "this house that your people have built under my leadership" or "this house that I and your people have built" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/34.md b/2ch/06/34.md index 0d0a6f8b9f..fe6430b337 100644 --- a/2ch/06/34.md +++ b/2ch/06/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Solomon speaks of commanding the people to build the temple and telling them how # for your name Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate translation: "for you" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate translation: "for your reputation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/35.md b/2ch/06/35.md index 16798275b3..cfed9a6c76 100644 --- a/2ch/06/35.md +++ b/2ch/06/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "prayer" and "request" can be stated as verbs. Alternate tran # help their cause This refers to helping them fight against their enemies. - diff --git a/2ch/06/36.md b/2ch/06/36.md index 1cbd5b4506..8e2e462cbc 100644 --- a/2ch/06/36.md +++ b/2ch/06/36.md @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ King Solomon continues praying. # Suppose they sin ... suppose that you are angry Solomon speaks about events that he thinks could happen in the future. The situations he describes in verses 36-38 are conditions for what he requests verse 39. + # hand them over to the enemy Here "hand them over to the enemy" represents allowing the enemy to capture them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hand them over to the enemy" represents allowing the enemy to capture them # so that the enemy carries them away Here "carries them away" represents forcing them to leave their own country. Alternate translation: "so that the enemy forces them to leave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/37.md b/2ch/06/37.md index c02a15a86b..b97d2129f9 100644 --- a/2ch/06/37.md +++ b/2ch/06/37.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two sentences mean the same thing. Together they emphasize how bad the peo # acted perversely and sinned The words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how badly the people sinned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/38.md b/2ch/06/38.md index 4b657857ce..4f6247affd 100644 --- a/2ch/06/38.md +++ b/2ch/06/38.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Solomon speaks of commanding the people to build the temple and telling them how # for your name Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate translation: "for you" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate translation: "for your reputation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/39.md b/2ch/06/39.md index 4dd9288ffa..5430cdbd6c 100644 --- a/2ch/06/39.md +++ b/2ch/06/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to their prayer and to their pleas The words "prayer" and "pleas" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people are sincere as they make their pleas. Alternate translation: "their pleas" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/40.md b/2ch/06/40.md index ce73ea1dad..87187b27a5 100644 --- a/2ch/06/40.md +++ b/2ch/06/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The ears being attentive is a metonym for listening attentively. Alternate trans # to the prayer that is made in this place This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "to the prayer that we make in this place" or "to us as we pray to you in this place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/41.md b/2ch/06/41.md index 336e382f60..302b3854a6 100644 --- a/2ch/06/41.md +++ b/2ch/06/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This pictures God as if he were sitting on his throne, and asks that he will get # Let your priests ... be clothed with salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated with the verb "to save." Possible meanings are 1) being clothed with salvation is a metaphor for experiencing salvation. Alternate translation: "Let your priests ... know that you have saved them" or 2) being clothed with salvation is a metaphor for demonstrating salvation. Alternate translation: "Let your priests ... demonstrate how you save people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/06/42.md b/2ch/06/42.md index 96b1adad14..ef61e29c91 100644 --- a/2ch/06/42.md +++ b/2ch/06/42.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "your acts" can be expressed with the phrase "what you have done." Al # Keep in mind "Remember" - diff --git a/2ch/06/intro.md b/2ch/06/intro.md index b06e695761..93c80a6dd2 100644 --- a/2ch/06/intro.md +++ b/2ch/06/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of King Solomon continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Temple dedication -#### Temple dedication Solomon dedicated the temple with a prayer asking God to honor the temple. It was common to dedicate something important to God when it was completed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Solomon dedicated the temple with a prayer asking God to honor the temple. It wa * __[2 Chronicles 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/07/01.md b/2ch/07/01.md index f51650fb2b..6c44088b5e 100644 --- a/2ch/07/01.md +++ b/2ch/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house "Yahweh's house" or "the temple" - diff --git a/2ch/07/02.md b/2ch/07/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/07/02.md +++ b/2ch/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/07/03.md b/2ch/07/03.md index ec6528c864..43105124cb 100644 --- a/2ch/07/03.md +++ b/2ch/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a position of humility and worship. Alternate translation: "they lay dow # his covenant loyalty endures forever The abstract noun "covenant loyalty" can be expressed with the adjective "loyal" and the verb "promise." Alternate translation: "God will always be loyal to us because of his covenant" or "God will always faithfully do for us what he promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/04.md b/2ch/07/04.md index 66289d40ee..6c236e4c86 100644 --- a/2ch/07/04.md +++ b/2ch/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the people This generalization refers either 1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in [2 Chronicles 5:2](../05/02.md), or 2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/05.md b/2ch/07/05.md index 154f0a7647..3d1fc5053d 100644 --- a/2ch/07/05.md +++ b/2ch/07/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 120,000 sheep and goats "one hundred and twenty thousand sheep and goats" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/06.md b/2ch/07/06.md index 3e14daf75a..0e6b14f5d6 100644 --- a/2ch/07/06.md +++ b/2ch/07/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithfully" or "faithful." Se # all Israel This generalization refers to those who were at the feast in Jerusalem, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/07.md b/2ch/07/07.md index 811640a704..19c59116e4 100644 --- a/2ch/07/07.md +++ b/2ch/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author speaks of Solomon commanding someone to make the bronze altar and tel # was not able to hold the burnt offerings, the grain offerings, and the fat This was because there were so many offerings. Alternate translation: "was not able to hold the large amount of burnt offerings, grain offerings, and fat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/08.md b/2ch/07/08.md index e5714cc62a..47774b1399 100644 --- a/2ch/07/08.md +++ b/2ch/07/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This generalization refers to those who were at the feast in Jerusalem, not nece # from Lebo Hamath to the brook of Egypt Lebo Hamath was north of Israel, and the brook of Egypt was south of Israel. These are used together to emphasize that people from every part of Israel were at the festival. Alternate translation: "from Lebo Hamath in the north to the brook of Egypt in the south" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/09.md b/2ch/07/09.md index 4ca3e24343..367d6dd40f 100644 --- a/2ch/07/09.md +++ b/2ch/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a special religious gathering. # they kept the dedication of the altar Here "kept the dedication" is an idiom meaning "celebrated the dedication." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/10.md b/2ch/07/10.md index 9214ede97c..674f4e4678 100644 --- a/2ch/07/10.md +++ b/2ch/07/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "glad" and "joyful" mean basically the same thing. Together they empha # Israel, his people "Israel, God's people." The phrase "his people" emphasizes God's faithfulness to Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/11.md b/2ch/07/11.md index 7ab55d268f..c8c123beec 100644 --- a/2ch/07/11.md +++ b/2ch/07/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The heart is spoken of as if it were a container, and desires are spoken of as i # he successfully carried out This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "he successfully finished" or "he caused to be done successfully (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/12.md b/2ch/07/12.md index 4806e5cc6f..44bf047453 100644 --- a/2ch/07/12.md +++ b/2ch/07/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a house of sacrifice "the house where people will offer sacrifices to me" - diff --git a/2ch/07/13.md b/2ch/07/13.md index 8a111d76c2..156b51ca27 100644 --- a/2ch/07/13.md +++ b/2ch/07/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "land" represents the plants and crops on the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # if I send plague among my people Here "send disease" represents causing diseases. Alternate translation: "if I cause my people to have diseases" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/14.md b/2ch/07/14.md index 64b62c473b..3b13d38939 100644 --- a/2ch/07/14.md +++ b/2ch/07/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "turn from" is a metaphor meaning to stop doing something, and "ways" repre # heal their land Here land that does not produce much is spoken of as though it were sick. Alternate translation: "make their land good again" or "make their land produce good crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/15.md b/2ch/07/15.md index d0334a98d0..39cdc412c5 100644 --- a/2ch/07/15.md +++ b/2ch/07/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The ears being attentive is a metonym for listening attentively. Alternate trans # the prayers that are made in this place This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "to the prayers that you make in this place" or "to you as you pray to me in this place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/16.md b/2ch/07/16.md index 0550a9d41b..3749e42f1d 100644 --- a/2ch/07/16.md +++ b/2ch/07/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) God's name represents himself. Alternate translation: " # My eyes and my heart will be there every day Here "My eyes" represents God's careful attention, and "my heart" represents his love. These being at his temple implies that he will protect his temple. Alternate translation: "I will watch and protect it forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/17.md b/2ch/07/17.md index c6021302a4..6cef7bf141 100644 --- a/2ch/07/17.md +++ b/2ch/07/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Solomon was one of David's sons. # keeping my statutes and my decrees "obeying my statutes and my decrees" - diff --git a/2ch/07/18.md b/2ch/07/18.md index 235a292ca8..f92bea2d9c 100644 --- a/2ch/07/18.md +++ b/2ch/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the throne represents ruling. Establishing the throne of Solomon's kingdom # A descendant of yours will never fail to be ruler in Israel This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "One of your descendants will always be ruler in Israel" or "Descendants of yours will always rule in Israel" - diff --git a/2ch/07/19.md b/2ch/07/19.md index e3af516b3d..3210cd26ba 100644 --- a/2ch/07/19.md +++ b/2ch/07/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are that the word "you" refers 1) to all the people of Israel, # my statutes and my commandments Here the words "commandments" and "statutes" mean basically the same thing and emphasize all that Yahweh has commanded. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/20.md b/2ch/07/20.md index 98614f722e..9ae9c8d482 100644 --- a/2ch/07/20.md +++ b/2ch/07/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God speaks of rejecting his temple as if he were to throw it far away from himse # I will make it a proverb and a joke among all the peoples "I will cause all the peoples to make proverbs and jokes about it" or "because of what I do to it, all the nations will mock and ridicule it" - diff --git a/2ch/07/21.md b/2ch/07/21.md index 0a978f5e68..d8e31f4d83 100644 --- a/2ch/07/21.md +++ b/2ch/07/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will hiss This is how they would show that they are appalled by what happened to the temple (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/22.md b/2ch/07/22.md index 031ecea4ff..5c39ced447 100644 --- a/2ch/07/22.md +++ b/2ch/07/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "laid hold of" represents choosing to be loyal to them. Alternate translati # bowed down to them and worshiped them These two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase "bowed down to them" describes the posture that people used in worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/2ch/07/intro.md b/2ch/07/intro.md index 418bad05d3..b5af527831 100644 --- a/2ch/07/intro.md +++ b/2ch/07/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of King Solomon continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Solomon's dream -#### Solomon's dream God appeared again to Solomon in a dream and said the temple was acceptable and he honored it with his presence. He would remain as long as Israel obeyed him. If they worshiped other gods and idols he would let their enemies destroy the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God appeared again to Solomon in a dream and said the temple was acceptable and * __[2 Chronicles 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/08/01.md b/2ch/08/01.md index f980d720fa..2b00355fdb 100644 --- a/2ch/08/01.md +++ b/2ch/08/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # Solomon had built the house of Yahweh and his own house The author writes of Solomon commanding the people to build the temple and palace and telling them how to do it as if he himself had built them. Alternate translation: "Solomon caused the house of Yahweh and his own house to be built" or "Solomon directed the building of the temple and his house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/08/02.md b/2ch/08/02.md index d4c3a63892..20d64f2883 100644 --- a/2ch/08/02.md +++ b/2ch/08/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hiram was the king of Tyre. See how you translated his name in [2 Chronicles 2:1 # Solomon rebuilt the towns that Hiram had given to him The author speaks of Solomon commanding the people to rebuild the towns as if he himself had rebuilt them. Alternate translation: "Solomon caused the towns that Hiram had given to him to be rebuilt" or "Solomon commanded and the people rebuilt the towns that Hiram had given to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/08/03.md b/2ch/08/03.md index a32d58eed9..f22ffd16f6 100644 --- a/2ch/08/03.md +++ b/2ch/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Solomon attacked Hamath Zobah Solomon represents his whole fighting army. Alternate translation: "Solomon's army attacked the town of Hamath Zolbah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/08/04.md b/2ch/08/04.md index c32208c573..8ced51427f 100644 --- a/2ch/08/04.md +++ b/2ch/08/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Tadmor was a city north of Israel, in modern-day Syria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # storage cities Or "supply cities." These are cities where the government stored food or supplies. - diff --git a/2ch/08/05.md b/2ch/08/05.md index 4081c2c455..03b40b7f57 100644 --- a/2ch/08/05.md +++ b/2ch/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Horon the Upper and Beth Horon the Lower These were two cities in Judah. The upper city was on top of a hill and the lower city was in a valley. Alternate translation: "Higher Beth Horon and Lower Beth Horon" or "Beth Horon of the Hill and Beth Horon of the Valley" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/08/06.md b/2ch/08/06.md index fe97529584..81e6022bde 100644 --- a/2ch/08/06.md +++ b/2ch/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a city in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # all the lands under his rule "all the lands that he ruled" - diff --git a/2ch/08/07.md b/2ch/08/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/08/07.md +++ b/2ch/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/08/08.md b/2ch/08/08.md index 54fd0ac27f..45bb77c329 100644 --- a/2ch/08/08.md +++ b/2ch/08/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase adds information about the descendants of those that Solomon had mad # to this day This refers to the time when the book of 2 Chronicles was written. See how you translated it in [2 Chronicles 5:9](../05/09.md). - diff --git a/2ch/08/09.md b/2ch/08/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/08/09.md +++ b/2ch/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/08/10.md b/2ch/08/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/08/10.md +++ b/2ch/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/08/11.md b/2ch/08/11.md index cb891b8947..6603a61bdb 100644 --- a/2ch/08/11.md +++ b/2ch/08/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ David was Solomon's father and had been king before Solomon. # because wherever the ark of Yahweh has come is holy It can be stated that the ark had been brought into King David's house. Alternate translation: "because the ark of Yahweh was brought into that house, and wherever the ark of Yahweh has come is holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/08/12.md b/2ch/08/12.md index 66cf693a11..e722bdcde3 100644 --- a/2ch/08/12.md +++ b/2ch/08/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author writes about Solomon having his workers build the altar as if he hims # the portico "the temple porch" or "the entrance to the temple." This was a covered porch supported by columns, attached to the front of the temple. - diff --git a/2ch/08/13.md b/2ch/08/13.md index 313bf9d3ef..e6593e9516 100644 --- a/2ch/08/13.md +++ b/2ch/08/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "following the directions" represents obeying them. Alternate translation: # the Festival of Shelters "the Festival of Tents." This is a festival to celebrate God's provision for his people. When the people of Israel wandered in the desert, they lived in temporary shelters. Each year when they harvested their crops, they stayed in temporary shelters in their gardens. In both situations, God provided for them. - diff --git a/2ch/08/14.md b/2ch/08/14.md index 1cd5d7898f..540fc500dd 100644 --- a/2ch/08/14.md +++ b/2ch/08/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # gatekeepers These were Levites who guarded the gates and only let inside those who had permission to go inside. - diff --git a/2ch/08/15.md b/2ch/08/15.md index a857a955d2..74de02213d 100644 --- a/2ch/08/15.md +++ b/2ch/08/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These people did not deviate from the commands Here "deviate from the commands" represents to do something different from what was commanded. It can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "These people carefully obeyed the commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/08/16.md b/2ch/08/16.md index 4dfddc559a..062534bca3 100644 --- a/2ch/08/16.md +++ b/2ch/08/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until they finished b # The house of Yahweh was completed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The house of Yahweh was complete" or "They completed building the house of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/08/17.md b/2ch/08/17.md index 7ab9cc3d10..61f103717a 100644 --- a/2ch/08/17.md +++ b/2ch/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ezion Geber and then to Elath on the coast These are towns along the Sea of Reeds. They had ports where people who had ships could stop. Alternate translation: "the towns of Ezion Geber and Elath, on the coast of the Sea of Reeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/08/18.md b/2ch/08/18.md index 83319ff410..d44553e4fa 100644 --- a/2ch/08/18.md +++ b/2ch/08/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. Its location is not known. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # 450 talents of gold "four hundred and fifty talents of gold." You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "about sixteen thousand kilograms of gold" or "about fifteen metric tons of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/2ch/08/intro.md b/2ch/08/intro.md index 1be92eb53b..87bc985bab 100644 --- a/2ch/08/intro.md +++ b/2ch/08/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of King Solomon continues in this chapter. +The story of King Solomon continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Solomon's victories -#### Solomon's victories Solomon achieved many victory when he was king. This chapter records many of these victories. Israel is at its height of power when Solomon was king. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Solomon achieved many victory when he was king. This chapter records many of the * __[2 Chronicles 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/09/01.md b/2ch/09/01.md index cfb105baa1..0aa17a8ed6 100644 --- a/2ch/09/01.md +++ b/2ch/09/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all that was in her heart This is a generalization. Alternate translation: "everything she wanted to know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/02.md b/2ch/09/02.md index 688da549b7..e0add30b31 100644 --- a/2ch/09/02.md +++ b/2ch/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there was no question that he did not answer This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "he answered every question" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/03.md b/2ch/09/03.md index f3063e07c8..f2487f2a76 100644 --- a/2ch/09/03.md +++ b/2ch/09/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "saw Solomon's wisdom" represents realizing that Solomon was very wise. Alt # the palace that he had built The author writes about Solomon having his workers build his palace as if he himself had built it. Alternate translation: "the palace that Solomon had his workers build" or "the palace that he had commanded his workers to build" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/04.md b/2ch/09/04.md index 2bc7e56300..f33dc74ec3 100644 --- a/2ch/09/04.md +++ b/2ch/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) where his servants lived or 2) how his servants sat aro # there was no more breath in her This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "she was completely amazed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/05.md b/2ch/09/05.md index 0fb7a6dd2e..baeb4ca999 100644 --- a/2ch/09/05.md +++ b/2ch/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your words and your wisdom Here the word "wisdom" can describe the word "words." Alternate translation: "your wise words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/06.md b/2ch/09/06.md index 48af24c5f4..6fc5d0201f 100644 --- a/2ch/09/06.md +++ b/2ch/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "my eyes" emphasizes that she herself saw it. Alternate translation: # Not half was told me about the greatness of your wisdom and wealth This can be stated it active form. Alternate translation: "They did not tell me about even half of the greatness of your wisdom and wealth" or "You are much more wise and wealthy than what they told me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/07.md b/2ch/09/07.md index 33e5102ceb..523f369aa9 100644 --- a/2ch/09/07.md +++ b/2ch/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an exclamation that shows her amazement. Alternate translation: "your se # they hear your wisdom Hear "wisdom" represents the wise things that he says. Alternate translation: "they hear the wise things that you say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/08.md b/2ch/09/08.md index d73294e24d..e85eda3e96 100644 --- a/2ch/09/08.md +++ b/2ch/09/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "establish" represents helping them in general. Alterna # for you to do justice and righteousness The abstract nouns "justice" and "righteousness" can be expressed with the words "fairly" and "righteously." Alternate translation: "for you to rule fairly and righteously" or "for you to do what is just and right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/09.md b/2ch/09/09.md index e2ef6b8f30..3c489c0e71 100644 --- a/2ch/09/09.md +++ b/2ch/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 120 talents "one hundred and twenty talents." A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "about four thousand kilograms of gold" or "about four metric tons of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/10.md b/2ch/09/10.md index 6644b34def..95864a1e03 100644 --- a/2ch/09/10.md +++ b/2ch/09/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. Its location is not known. See how you translated t # algum wood Algum is a kind of tree that grows in Lebanon. King Hiram sent this kind of wood to Solomon. See how you translated it in [2 Chronicles 2:8](../02/08.md). - diff --git a/2ch/09/11.md b/2ch/09/11.md index 2505e70a29..a96408ec73 100644 --- a/2ch/09/11.md +++ b/2ch/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author speaks of the king having his workers make these things as if he hims # No wood like this had been seen before in the land of Judah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one had seen wood like this before in the land of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/12.md b/2ch/09/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/09/12.md +++ b/2ch/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/09/13.md b/2ch/09/13.md index 125c735e69..faa9d36cce 100644 --- a/2ch/09/13.md +++ b/2ch/09/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words could refer to 1) each year or 2) a particular year. # 666 talents of gold A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "about twenty-two thousand kilograms of gold" or "about twenty-two metric tons of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/14.md b/2ch/09/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/09/14.md +++ b/2ch/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/09/15.md b/2ch/09/15.md index 5238f1be81..1d77b9dfff 100644 --- a/2ch/09/15.md +++ b/2ch/09/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. You may convert this to a # Six hundred shekels The word "shekels" does not appear here in the Hebrew text. Some modern versions assume instead the unit called bekah, which was equivalent to only a half shekel. Any version making this assumption would signal a metric equivalent of about three kilograms. - diff --git a/2ch/09/16.md b/2ch/09/16.md index 8af1f9bb1b..77e9fa590c 100644 --- a/2ch/09/16.md +++ b/2ch/09/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The author writes about Solomon having his workers put the shields in the palace # the House of the Forest of Lebanon Solomon's palace was built of trees from Lebanon. Possible meanings are 1) this was the name of a large room in the palace. Alternate translation: "the Hall of the Forest of Lebanon" or 2) this was the name of his whole palace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/17.md b/2ch/09/17.md index 0733c044b3..74d48a8554 100644 --- a/2ch/09/17.md +++ b/2ch/09/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author speaks of commanding his workers to build the throne as if he himself # ivory Ivory is the hard, white substance from the tusks or teeth of large animals, such as the elephant, walrus, or hippopotamus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/18.md b/2ch/09/18.md index 573d52d336..4c8044d1ab 100644 --- a/2ch/09/18.md +++ b/2ch/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # two lions These were statues. Alternate translation: "two statues of lions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/19.md b/2ch/09/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/09/19.md +++ b/2ch/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/09/20.md b/2ch/09/20.md index 7d689957be..916045595d 100644 --- a/2ch/09/20.md +++ b/2ch/09/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Silver was so common in Solomon's days that if a king wanted to show his wealth, # in Solomon's days Here "Solomon's days" refers to the time when Solomon ruled. Alternate translation: "when Solomon ruled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/21.md b/2ch/09/21.md index a693eedcb3..3e1f5262d6 100644 --- a/2ch/09/21.md +++ b/2ch/09/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # apes and baboons It is not certain whether the word translated as "apes" here refers to apes, baboons, or monkeys. It is not certain whether the word translated as "baboons" here refers to baboons or peacocks. This can be translated more generally as "animals from far away" or "animals from Africa." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/22.md b/2ch/09/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/09/22.md +++ b/2ch/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/09/23.md b/2ch/09/23.md index d7b11729f7..c0ce024fad 100644 --- a/2ch/09/23.md +++ b/2ch/09/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks, and here it is spoken of as if # which God had put in his heart God putting wisdom in Solomon's heart represents God making Solomon wise. Alternate translation: "which God had given him" or "because God had made him wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/24.md b/2ch/09/24.md index 4d73d691cf..f999353c8d 100644 --- a/2ch/09/24.md +++ b/2ch/09/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # year after year This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "every year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/25.md b/2ch/09/25.md index b2ccfaabf7..5f5ad38bcf 100644 --- a/2ch/09/25.md +++ b/2ch/09/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # stalls This is a small enclosure where horses are kept. - diff --git a/2ch/09/26.md b/2ch/09/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/09/26.md +++ b/2ch/09/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/09/27.md b/2ch/09/27.md index e7f748cdc0..5dc033913f 100644 --- a/2ch/09/27.md +++ b/2ch/09/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as much as the stones on the ground This is an exaggeration to emphasize that there was such a great amount of silver. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/28.md b/2ch/09/28.md index a09f4b1102..757df6e7ae 100644 --- a/2ch/09/28.md +++ b/2ch/09/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" may refer to Solomon's merchants. However this sentence is not a # from all the lands The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate translation: "from many other places" or "from many other countries" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/29.md b/2ch/09/29.md index 8b7925630b..3d7d06a2df 100644 --- a/2ch/09/29.md +++ b/2ch/09/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a prophet from Shiloh who predicted that the nation of Israel would be d # Shilonite This is the name of a people group from the town of Shiloh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/30.md b/2ch/09/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/09/30.md +++ b/2ch/09/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/09/31.md b/2ch/09/31.md index 7043fb2405..0ac79bc05a 100644 --- a/2ch/09/31.md +++ b/2ch/09/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He lay down with his ancestors This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "He died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ch/09/intro.md b/2ch/09/intro.md index 65522ff8aa..54a65f9c75 100644 --- a/2ch/09/intro.md +++ b/2ch/09/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of King Solomon ends. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Solomon's fame -#### Solomon's fame Solomon was famous outside of Israel because of his wisdom and tremendous wealth. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Solomon was famous outside of Israel because of his wisdom and tremendous wealth * __[2 Chronicles 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/10/01.md b/2ch/10/01.md index 10c3e0bf98..7cfca01085 100644 --- a/2ch/10/01.md +++ b/2ch/10/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all Israel was coming Here "Israel" is a metonym for the men of Israel. The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate translation: "the men of Israel were coming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/02.md b/2ch/10/02.md index e715062476..6f2e0282ce 100644 --- a/2ch/10/02.md +++ b/2ch/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeroboam ... Nebat These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [2 Chronicles 9:29](../09/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/03.md b/2ch/10/03.md index cc2868cebb..2d3e6d8322 100644 --- a/2ch/10/03.md +++ b/2ch/10/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # all Israel came Here "Israel" is a metonym for the men of Israel. The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate translation: "the men of Israel came" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/04.md b/2ch/10/04.md index 5d09585e2b..4cc661e777 100644 --- a/2ch/10/04.md +++ b/2ch/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A difficult yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and cruel treatment. Alt # make your father's hard work easier, and lighten the heavy yoke that he put on us These two phrases mean the same thing. The yoke metaphor emphasizes the fact that Solomon had treated them harshly. Alternate translation: "make the hard work that your father gave us easier, and do not treat us as harshly as he did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/05.md b/2ch/10/05.md index ee1a2a9bb4..b0508ade7b 100644 --- a/2ch/10/05.md +++ b/2ch/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after three days "after 3 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/06.md b/2ch/10/06.md index c9677cd639..d8985f5586 100644 --- a/2ch/10/06.md +++ b/2ch/10/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "stand before" is an idiom for serving the king in his presence. Alternate tr # to bring an answer to these people "to answer these people" or "to reply to these people" - diff --git a/2ch/10/07.md b/2ch/10/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/10/07.md +++ b/2ch/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/10/08.md b/2ch/10/08.md index 1b20603fb2..ac3c6c769a 100644 --- a/2ch/10/08.md +++ b/2ch/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who had grown up with him, who stood before him "who were his long-time friends, and who advised him" - diff --git a/2ch/10/09.md b/2ch/10/09.md index 9b44f8b8e2..0248aa967d 100644 --- a/2ch/10/09.md +++ b/2ch/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lighten the yoke that your father put on us To "lighten the yoke" is a metaphor that represents easing the burden. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Chronicles 10:4](../10/04.md). Alternate translation: "Do not treat us as cruelly as your father did" or "Do not force us to work as hard as your father did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/10.md b/2ch/10/10.md index 2d309130c8..ef31fe314e 100644 --- a/2ch/10/10.md +++ b/2ch/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and cruel treatment. This me # My little finger is thicker than my father's waist This metaphor means that Rehoboam is more cruel and intimidating than his father. Alternate translation: "I rule much more harshly than my father ever did" or "I am much harsher than my father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/11.md b/2ch/10/11.md index 436385bf69..21539d2f3f 100644 --- a/2ch/10/11.md +++ b/2ch/10/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and cruel treatment. This me # I will punish you with scorpions Possible meanings are that 1) "scorpions" is a metaphor for any kind of painful punishment. Alternate translation: "I will punish you much more harshly" or 2) "scorpions" is a metaphor for whips with sharp metal barbs at the end. Alternate translation: "I will punish you with whips that have sharp pieces of metal at the ends" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/12.md b/2ch/10/12.md index 2568fcbe5f..59551720b6 100644 --- a/2ch/10/12.md +++ b/2ch/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the third day "after three days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/13.md b/2ch/10/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/10/13.md +++ b/2ch/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/10/14.md b/2ch/10/14.md index 835a09daf6..37c77f2d54 100644 --- a/2ch/10/14.md +++ b/2ch/10/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and cruel treatment. Alterna # I will punish you with scorpions Possible meanings are that 1) "scorpions" is a metaphor for any kind of painful punishment. Alternate translation: "I will punish you much more harshly" or 2) "scorpions" is a metaphor for whips with sharp metal barbs at the end. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 10:11](../10/11.md). Alternate translation: "I will punish you with whips that have sharp pieces of metal at the ends" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/15.md b/2ch/10/15.md index d78fbe10d7..63a727d824 100644 --- a/2ch/10/15.md +++ b/2ch/10/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the message that God gave Ahijah to tell Jeroboam. # Ahijah the Shilonite ... Jeroboam son of Nebat See how you translated these names in [2 Chronicles 9:29](../09/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/16.md b/2ch/10/16.md index 616cef59a4..d2f52a4870 100644 --- a/2ch/10/16.md +++ b/2ch/10/16.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Having a share in someone represents being his descendants and receiving the goo # Now see to your own house, David Here "see to" is an idiom meaning to take care of something, and "house" is a metonym for David's lineage of power and prestige. Alternate translation: "Now take care of your own kingdom, descendant of David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/10/17.md b/2ch/10/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/10/17.md +++ b/2ch/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/10/18.md b/2ch/10/18.md index bebd57e671..a9c18a6adf 100644 --- a/2ch/10/18.md +++ b/2ch/10/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being over people represents having authority to tell them what to do. Alternate # stoned him to death with stones "killed Adoniram by stoning him" - diff --git a/2ch/10/19.md b/2ch/10/19.md index 79a24ac2fb..09c7d22019 100644 --- a/2ch/10/19.md +++ b/2ch/10/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the house of David" represents the kings who were descendants of David. Al # to this day This refers to the general time when the author wrote this book. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 5:9](../05/09.md). Alternate translation: "even now" - diff --git a/2ch/10/intro.md b/2ch/10/intro.md index 94f99bf01b..1a5880b371 100644 --- a/2ch/10/intro.md +++ b/2ch/10/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # 2 Chronicles 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This begins a section on King Rehoboam. (2 Chronicles 10-12) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Rehoboam's taxes -#### Rehoboam's taxes The people asked Solomon's son, Rehoboam, to reduce the heavy taxes and the forced labor Solomon had demanded but Rehoboam refused. He lacked the wisdom to follow the advice of the men who had been councilors of his father Solomon. So the ten northern tribes broke off and made Jeroboam their king. They were called "Israel" and Rehoboam's kingdom was called Judah. This will cause confusion between the northern kingdom of Israel and the whole nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor The people use the metaphor of a yoke to complain about the high taxes and forced labor Solomon demanded from the people. They said, "Your father made our yoke difficult." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The people use the metaphor of a yoke to complain about the high taxes and force * __[2 Chronicles 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/11/01.md b/2ch/11/01.md index e55a6b61d7..e1a9e86dce 100644 --- a/2ch/11/01.md +++ b/2ch/11/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants and refers spec # chosen men who were soldiers "choice men who were soldiers." The phrase "chosen men" is an idiom that refers to elite soldiers who were skilled in battle. Alternate translation: "of the best soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/02.md b/2ch/11/02.md index e1c14ae1f3..0427c5c9fd 100644 --- a/2ch/11/02.md +++ b/2ch/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the man of God The expression "man of God" is a respectful way of referring to a prophet of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the man who belongs to God" or "the prophet of God" - diff --git a/2ch/11/03.md b/2ch/11/03.md index 50518b4b8b..0de9aa3ca3 100644 --- a/2ch/11/03.md +++ b/2ch/11/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all Israel in Judah and Benjamin Here the word "Israel" refers to the Israelite people who live in the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate translation: "all of the Israelites in the tribes of Judah and Benjamin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/04.md b/2ch/11/04.md index ee5bda2c97..3cf86bf9ae 100644 --- a/2ch/11/04.md +++ b/2ch/11/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your brothers This is a reference to the ten northern tribes. By calling them "brothers," Yahweh emphasizes the family relationship between all of the tribes. - diff --git a/2ch/11/05.md b/2ch/11/05.md index b4e8eb385b..cac314b071 100644 --- a/2ch/11/05.md +++ b/2ch/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem and built cities It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Rehoboam build these cities. Alternate translation: "Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem and had his workers build cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/06.md b/2ch/11/06.md index cd8899515e..f1e497f2ed 100644 --- a/2ch/11/06.md +++ b/2ch/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Etam, Tekoa These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/07.md b/2ch/11/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/11/07.md +++ b/2ch/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/11/08.md b/2ch/11/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/11/08.md +++ b/2ch/11/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/11/09.md b/2ch/11/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/11/09.md +++ b/2ch/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/11/10.md b/2ch/11/10.md index 947d3730ee..1e0d4dcdbf 100644 --- a/2ch/11/10.md +++ b/2ch/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zorah, Aijalon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/11.md b/2ch/11/11.md index da2dfc4d19..ef3051c078 100644 --- a/2ch/11/11.md +++ b/2ch/11/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He fortified the fortresses Here the word "fortresses" refers to fortified cities. That Rehoboam "fortified the fortresses" means that he built up and strengthened the defenses of these fortified cities. Alternate translation: "He strengthened the defenses of the fortified cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/12.md b/2ch/11/12.md index 701380deab..2ea6c2221b 100644 --- a/2ch/11/12.md +++ b/2ch/11/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Judah and Benjamin belonged to him Rehoboam was in control of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. - diff --git a/2ch/11/13.md b/2ch/11/13.md index a613d34d3f..c0aa882735 100644 --- a/2ch/11/13.md +++ b/2ch/11/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The priests and the Levites ... went over to him from within their borders Possible meanings are 1) "The priests and Levites ... supported Rehoboam from within their borders" or 2) "The priests and Levites ... traveled from within their borders to join Rehoboam." - diff --git a/2ch/11/14.md b/2ch/11/14.md index 304572c708..7cb50146b5 100644 --- a/2ch/11/14.md +++ b/2ch/11/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "drive away" is an idiom that means to forcefully cause someone to leave. Alt # act as the priests of Yahweh "do their proper work as the priests of Yahweh" or "do their duties as priests of Yahweh" - diff --git a/2ch/11/15.md b/2ch/11/15.md index 264e01b3d2..e4dea059c6 100644 --- a/2ch/11/15.md +++ b/2ch/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the goat and calf idols he had made It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Jeroboam make these idols. Alternate translation: "the goat idols and calf idols that he had his craftsmen make" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/16.md b/2ch/11/16.md index 3e9f553c74..3c95ccd105 100644 --- a/2ch/11/16.md +++ b/2ch/11/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "hearts" represents the thoughts and desires. The idiom "set their # to seek Yahweh Worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the person were seeking Yahweh. Alternate translation: "to worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/17.md b/2ch/11/17.md index 5136801654..f5e6769472 100644 --- a/2ch/11/17.md +++ b/2ch/11/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people supporting Rehoboam as king is spoken of as if they made Rehoboam str # they walked for three years in the way of David and Solomon Here a person's actions and lifestyle are spoken of as if the person were walking along a path. Alternate translation: "they followed the example of David and Solomon for three years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/18.md b/2ch/11/18.md index 875059ff61..3a0c7b8391 100644 --- a/2ch/11/18.md +++ b/2ch/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jerimoth ... Eliab These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/19.md b/2ch/11/19.md index 41d293679e..64e5a190ef 100644 --- a/2ch/11/19.md +++ b/2ch/11/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeush ... Shemariah ... Zaham These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/20.md b/2ch/11/20.md index d6ddabcf84..cc003e7e99 100644 --- a/2ch/11/20.md +++ b/2ch/11/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means that he married her. Alternate translation: "Rehoboam married M # Abijah, Attai, Ziza, and Shelomith These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/21.md b/2ch/11/21.md index 0ea04167dc..4ce1328387 100644 --- a/2ch/11/21.md +++ b/2ch/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # eighteen wives and sixty concubines ... twenty-eight sons and sixty daughters "18 wives and 60 concubines ... 28 sons and 60 daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/11/22.md b/2ch/11/22.md index 8f983a2d7a..15b0b99785 100644 --- a/2ch/11/22.md +++ b/2ch/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he had the thought of making him king "he had thought of making Abijah king" - diff --git a/2ch/11/23.md b/2ch/11/23.md index dbc73c01f9..bf1b4a683e 100644 --- a/2ch/11/23.md +++ b/2ch/11/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he scattered all his sons throughout all the land of Judah and Benjamin to every fortified city "he sent all his sons throughout all the land to every fortified city of Judah and Benjamin" - diff --git a/2ch/11/intro.md b/2ch/11/intro.md index be7fb13fef..f3bff0871e 100644 --- a/2ch/11/intro.md +++ b/2ch/11/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 2 Chronicles 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The section on King Rehoboam continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Strengthening their defenses -Rehoboam strengthened the defenses of Judah. Without the help of the northern tribes, the kingdom of Judah did not really have much power to defend itself from outside attacks. Therefore, Rehoboam felt it necessary to strengthen Judah's military defenses. +### Strengthening their defenses -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +Rehoboam strengthened the defenses of Judah. Without the help of the northern tribes, the kingdom of Judah did not really have much power to defend itself from outside attacks. Therefore, Rehoboam felt it necessary to strengthen Judah's military defenses. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Israel -#### Israel When the author speaks about Israel, he is now referring almost exclusively to the northern kingdom of Israel and not the united nation of Israel. ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ When the author speaks about Israel, he is now referring almost exclusively to t * __[2 Chronicles 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/12/01.md b/2ch/12/01.md index b47237f703..741733f6c7 100644 --- a/2ch/12/01.md +++ b/2ch/12/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "when Rehoboam had # all Israel with him Here the words "all Israel" refer specifically to the people of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin, over which Rehoboam was king. The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "all the Israelite people whom he ruled also abandoned the law of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/02.md b/2ch/12/02.md index e92db26ceb..d2201d6a64 100644 --- a/2ch/12/02.md +++ b/2ch/12/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # came up against This is an idiom that means marched against or attacked. Alternate translation: "came to attack" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/03.md b/2ch/12/03.md index b66a7b9077..ca7a290f87 100644 --- a/2ch/12/03.md +++ b/2ch/12/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This exaggeration means that there were more soldiers than a person could easily # Libyans, Sukkites, and Cushites These are people from Libya, Sukki, and Ethiopia. The location of Sukki is uncertain, but it may be a region in Libya. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/04.md b/2ch/12/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/12/04.md +++ b/2ch/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/12/05.md b/2ch/12/05.md index fd5dcf4e95..e152d22227 100644 --- a/2ch/12/05.md +++ b/2ch/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this word in [2 Chronicles 11: # so I have also given you over into Shishak's hand Here the word "hand" represents power. Yahweh speaks of enabling Shishak's army to defeat the king and the others in Jerusalem as if he were placing them into Shishak's hand. Alternate translation: "so I have enabled Shishak to defeat you" or "so I have given you to Shishak as captives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/06.md b/2ch/12/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/12/06.md +++ b/2ch/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/12/07.md b/2ch/12/07.md index 21014ce858..1dfeb97528 100644 --- a/2ch/12/07.md +++ b/2ch/12/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a liquid, and of expressing his anger a # by means of Shishak's hand Here the word "hand" represents Shishak himself. Alternate translation: "by means of Shishak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/08.md b/2ch/12/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/12/08.md +++ b/2ch/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/12/09.md b/2ch/12/09.md index 91a44795e1..ec60d3a7c3 100644 --- a/2ch/12/09.md +++ b/2ch/12/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple # the shields of gold that Solomon had made It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon make these shields. Alternate translation: "the shields of gold that Solomon had his craftsmen make" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/10.md b/2ch/12/10.md index cc363f21c9..f3ea9958a8 100644 --- a/2ch/12/10.md +++ b/2ch/12/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hands" represents care or responsibility. Alternate translation: # who guarded the doors to the king's house Here the word "doors" represents the entrance. Alternate translation: "who guarded the entrance to the king's house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/11.md b/2ch/12/11.md index 26cc30e449..2fb3360019 100644 --- a/2ch/12/11.md +++ b/2ch/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # the guards would carry them "the guards would carry the shields" - diff --git a/2ch/12/12.md b/2ch/12/12.md index 15b01a18d6..c7cafe0fa5 100644 --- a/2ch/12/12.md +++ b/2ch/12/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh no longer being angry with Rehoboam is spoken of as if Yahweh's anger wer # besides, there was "in addition, there was" - diff --git a/2ch/12/13.md b/2ch/12/13.md index fe2197f0c5..1fa129650b 100644 --- a/2ch/12/13.md +++ b/2ch/12/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings for the phrase "put his name" are 1) a metonym for "dwell." Al # Naamah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/14.md b/2ch/12/14.md index 302f7fad07..a18608a3f0 100644 --- a/2ch/12/14.md +++ b/2ch/12/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" represents the thoughts and desires. The idiom "fix his he # to seek Yahweh Worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the person were seeking Yahweh. Alternate translation: "to worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/15.md b/2ch/12/15.md index fa5912c444..d27e50e025 100644 --- a/2ch/12/15.md +++ b/2ch/12/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the constant wars between Rehoboam and Jeroboam The names of the kings represent the armies that they led. Alternate translation: "the wars in which Rehoboam's army and Jeroboam's army constantly engaged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/16.md b/2ch/12/16.md index 118b0ac32f..8284cc4e1a 100644 --- a/2ch/12/16.md +++ b/2ch/12/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people buried him in # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Rehoboam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/12/intro.md b/2ch/12/intro.md index 2b3885ad3b..1ed4367f81 100644 --- a/2ch/12/intro.md +++ b/2ch/12/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # 2 Chronicles 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter ends the section on King Rehoboam. +This chapter ends the section on King Rehoboam. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Worshiping Yahweh +### Worshiping Yahweh -The safety of Israel and Judah was dependent upon the people worshiping Yahweh and not upon their military power. Because Rehoboam deserted the worship of God, God allowed the king of Egypt to take all of the wealth Solomon stored up. +The safety of Israel and Judah was dependent upon the people worshiping Yahweh and not upon their military power. Because Rehoboam deserted the worship of God, God allowed the king of Egypt to take all of the wealth Solomon stored up. ## Links: * __[2 Chronicles 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/13/01.md b/2ch/13/01.md index d64efcb48e..b28ef17199 100644 --- a/2ch/13/01.md +++ b/2ch/13/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In the eighteenth year of King Jeroboam This refers to the eighteenth year of Jeroboam's reign as king. Alternate translation: "In the eighteenth year that Jeroboam was king" or "in year 18 of King Jeroboam's reign" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/02.md b/2ch/13/02.md index e58ab00758..fa294f23e9 100644 --- a/2ch/13/02.md +++ b/2ch/13/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # There was war between Abijah and Jeroboam The names of the kings represent the armies that they led. Alternate translation: "There was war between the army of Abijah and the army of Jeroboam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/03.md b/2ch/13/03.md index f30ae100eb..546a499d8b 100644 --- a/2ch/13/03.md +++ b/2ch/13/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 400,000 chosen men ... 800,000 chosen men "Four hundred thousand chosen men ... eight hundred thousand chosen men." The phrase "chosen men" is an idiom that refers to elite soldiers who were skilled in battle. Alternate translation: "400,000 skilled men ... 800,000 skilled men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/04.md b/2ch/13/04.md index 2a7dfcd7cf..5eb7a913a8 100644 --- a/2ch/13/04.md +++ b/2ch/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mount Zemaraim (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/05.md b/2ch/13/05.md index c690df5dec..3b8ee085b1 100644 --- a/2ch/13/05.md +++ b/2ch/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Abijah asks this rhetorical question to emphasize the positive answer that it an # a covenant of salt The meaning of this phrase is not clear. It seems to mean "a permanent covenant." - diff --git a/2ch/13/06.md b/2ch/13/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/13/06.md +++ b/2ch/13/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/13/07.md b/2ch/13/07.md index caf4b46e68..969b78a4d4 100644 --- a/2ch/13/07.md +++ b/2ch/13/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # gathered to him "joined with Jeroboam" - diff --git a/2ch/13/08.md b/2ch/13/08.md index e0440084a4..ab71a0ef7f 100644 --- a/2ch/13/08.md +++ b/2ch/13/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "hand" represents authority and possession. Abijah is claiming tha # the golden calves that Jeroboam made It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that Jeroboam had others make the golden calves. Alternate translation: "the golden calves that Jeroboam had his craftsmen make" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/09.md b/2ch/13/09.md index c7f6810153..4b7d6f5790 100644 --- a/2ch/13/09.md +++ b/2ch/13/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Abijah asks this rhetorical question to rebuke the people and to emphasize the p # a priest of what are not gods The phrase "what are not gods" refers to the golden calves that Jeroboam had his craftsmen make. Although the priests served them as if they were gods, they were not really gods. Alternate translation: "a priest of idols that are not really gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/10.md b/2ch/13/10.md index 68a634c404..8fe6819ba4 100644 --- a/2ch/13/10.md +++ b/2ch/13/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "us" refers to the people of the southern kingdom of Judah. # who are at their work The word "work" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "who are working" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/11.md b/2ch/13/11.md index ef98e7d027..9b06a57c71 100644 --- a/2ch/13/11.md +++ b/2ch/13/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "bread of the presence" refers to twelve loaves of bread that the priests pl # for them to burn every evening "so that the lamps burn every evening" or "and light the lamps every evening" - diff --git a/2ch/13/12.md b/2ch/13/12.md index 27c4e49103..49918d7d8a 100644 --- a/2ch/13/12.md +++ b/2ch/13/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the front of the army is spoken of as if it were the head. Abijah is saying # do not fight against Yahweh Since Yahweh is leading the army of Judah, Abijah speaks of the army of Israel fighting against the army of Judah as if they were fighting against Yahweh himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/13.md b/2ch/13/13.md index 3ca713c2b4..b2cb6e389e 100644 --- a/2ch/13/13.md +++ b/2ch/13/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the ambush was behind them "the soldiers who were to attack them by surprise were behind them" - diff --git a/2ch/13/14.md b/2ch/13/14.md index b0c85e8261..596ba55e42 100644 --- a/2ch/13/14.md +++ b/2ch/13/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" here shows that the soldiers were surprised by what they saw. # the fighting was both in front of them and behind them The word "fighting" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "the army of Israel was fighting them from the front and from the back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/15.md b/2ch/13/15.md index 3d2c506730..025194214c 100644 --- a/2ch/13/15.md +++ b/2ch/13/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God enabling the army of Judah to defeat Jeroboam and the army of Israel is spok # all Israel Here the word "Israel" refers to the army. Alternate translation: "the entire army of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/16.md b/2ch/13/16.md index 910a532d9e..d3f6d39616 100644 --- a/2ch/13/16.md +++ b/2ch/13/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "Judah" represents the army of Judah. Alternate translation: "fled # God gave them into the hand of Judah Here the word "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of Judah to defeat the army of Israel is spoken of as if God had put the army of Israel in the hand of the army of Judah. Alternate translation: "God enabled Judah to defeat the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/17.md b/2ch/13/17.md index b3cd3025f7..b656fb1196 100644 --- a/2ch/13/17.md +++ b/2ch/13/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom means that they thoroughly defeated them, or that they killed very ma # 500,000 chosen men "five hundred thousand chosen men." The phrase "chosen men" is an idiom that refers to elite soldiers who were skilled in battle. Alternate translation: "500,000 of the best soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/18.md b/2ch/13/18.md index 132859ea87..81c8eb2ec8 100644 --- a/2ch/13/18.md +++ b/2ch/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people of Israel were subdued This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the army of Judah subdued the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/19.md b/2ch/13/19.md index d2f77808fe..e90f62640d 100644 --- a/2ch/13/19.md +++ b/2ch/13/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jeshanah ... Ephron These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/20.md b/2ch/13/20.md index dcb9fea9ab..e413031229 100644 --- a/2ch/13/20.md +++ b/2ch/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh struck him, and he died Yahweh causing Jeroboam to die is spoken of as if Yahweh struck Jeroboam. It is possible that this refers to Yahweh causing Jeroboam to become ill. Alternate translation: "Yahweh caused Jeroboam to die" or "Yahweh caused Jeroboam to become ill, and he died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/21.md b/2ch/13/21.md index 20a7dc3d77..bf258b56e5 100644 --- a/2ch/13/21.md +++ b/2ch/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idiom "took ... wives" means that he married. Alternate translation: "he mar # fourteen wives ... twenty-two sons and sixteen daughters "14 wives ... 22 sons and 16 daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/22.md b/2ch/13/22.md index 408cefe731..980e3a347b 100644 --- a/2ch/13/22.md +++ b/2ch/13/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # are written in the history of the prophet Iddo This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "are in the history that the prophet Iddo wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/13/intro.md b/2ch/13/intro.md index 727fd5c845..9d265720c3 100644 --- a/2ch/13/intro.md +++ b/2ch/13/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 2 Chronicles 13 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -#### Trust Trusting in God, King Abijah of Judah was able to overcome the army of Israel even though it was twice as big as his army. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Trusting in God, King Abijah of Judah was able to overcome the army of Israel ev * __[2 Chronicles 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/14/01.md b/2ch/14/01.md index 99e7f48823..30f7fb3291 100644 --- a/2ch/14/01.md +++ b/2ch/14/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate tran # the land was quiet ten years There being no war is spoken of as if the land were quiet. Alternate translation: "there was peace in the land for ten years" or "there was no war in the land for ten years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/02.md b/2ch/14/02.md index ee5063c9fb..aa80ccf6d5 100644 --- a/2ch/14/02.md +++ b/2ch/14/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was good and right in the eyes of Yahweh his God The word "eyes" here represents seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh saw and approved of Asa's actions. Alternate translation: "what Yahweh judged to be good and right" or "what Yahweh considered to be good and right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/03.md b/2ch/14/03.md index 549b899ce0..edef6bc98f 100644 --- a/2ch/14/03.md +++ b/2ch/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He broke down the stone pillars and cut down the Asherah poles Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to do these things. Alternate translation: "He had his people break down the stone pillars and cut down the Asherah poles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/04.md b/2ch/14/04.md index 431f11370d..e76a15f335 100644 --- a/2ch/14/04.md +++ b/2ch/14/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He commanded Judah to seek Yahweh Here the word "Judah" represents the people of Judah. Worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if it were seeking him. Alternate translation: "He commanded the people of Judah to worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/05.md b/2ch/14/05.md index 21acf84bf6..ccb5095387 100644 --- a/2ch/14/05.md +++ b/2ch/14/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ There being no war is spoken of as if the kingdom had rest. Alternate translatio # under him "under his reign." A king ruling a kingdom is spoken of as if the king is over the kingdom or the kingdom is under the king. Alternate translation: "during his reign" or "while he was king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/06.md b/2ch/14/06.md index 1e9b28c7f8..6c40bf588b 100644 --- a/2ch/14/06.md +++ b/2ch/14/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to do these things. Alternate # the land was quiet There being no war is spoken of as if the land were quiet. Alternate translation: "there was peace in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/07.md b/2ch/14/07.md index 0d928487ed..8f9fce15bc 100644 --- a/2ch/14/07.md +++ b/2ch/14/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Judah" refers to the people of Judah. Alternate translation: "Asa said to # So they built The ellipsis may be supplied from the context. Alternate translation: "So they built the cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/08.md b/2ch/14/08.md index f54889c11b..29f13c8a15 100644 --- a/2ch/14/08.md +++ b/2ch/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 300,000 men ... 280,000 men "three hundred thousand men ... two hundred and eighty thousand men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/09.md b/2ch/14/09.md index af20c179b9..8ff66693ad 100644 --- a/2ch/14/09.md +++ b/2ch/14/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Mareshah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/10.md b/2ch/14/10.md index 78a172b751..65e04037b3 100644 --- a/2ch/14/10.md +++ b/2ch/14/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Asa went out to meet him Here "Asa" represents both the king and the army that he led into battle. It is implicit that he went out to meet him in battle. Alternate translation: "Asa led his army out to meet him in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/11.md b/2ch/14/11.md index f76dccee9c..4fe29e99e5 100644 --- a/2ch/14/11.md +++ b/2ch/14/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" represents Yahweh's authority. Alternate translation: "on your behal # do not let man defeat you Since the army of Judah is fighting in Yahweh's name, Asa speaks of Zerah defeating Judah as if Zerah were to defeat Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "do not let man defeat your people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/12.md b/2ch/14/12.md index 3975a8b0c7..82f1feaf8b 100644 --- a/2ch/14/12.md +++ b/2ch/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh struck the Cushites before Asa and Judah God enabling the army of Judah to defeat the Cushites is spoken of as if God struck the Cushites. Alternate translation: "God enabled Asa and the army of Judah to defeat the Cushites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/13.md b/2ch/14/13.md index f16c80e3c7..60bfd1c48b 100644 --- a/2ch/14/13.md +++ b/2ch/14/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here to "fall" is a euphemism for dying in battle. Alternate translation: "So ma # for they were completely destroyed before Yahweh and his army This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh's army completely destroyed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/14.md b/2ch/14/14.md index 96877b370b..15142344a6 100644 --- a/2ch/14/14.md +++ b/2ch/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for terror of Yahweh had come on the inhabitants The inhabitants of the villages being terrified is spoken of as if terror were an object that came upon them. Possible meanings are 1) "terror of Yahweh" refers to terror from Yahweh. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh had caused the inhabitants to be terrified" or 2) "terror of Yahweh" refers to being terrified of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "for the inhabitants were terrified of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/14/15.md b/2ch/14/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/14/15.md +++ b/2ch/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/14/intro.md b/2ch/14/intro.md index e9e1a5231d..993b1097da 100644 --- a/2ch/14/intro.md +++ b/2ch/14/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the section about King Asa. (2 Chronicles 14-16) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -#### Trust Trusting in Yahweh, Asa was able to defeat million men of the army of Nubia. Trust in Yahweh is more important than military might. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Trusting in Yahweh, Asa was able to defeat million men of the army of Nubia. Tru * __[2 Chronicles 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/15/01.md b/2ch/15/01.md index 2a69caeebe..bd583daf0a 100644 --- a/2ch/15/01.md +++ b/2ch/15/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom which means that the spirit of God influenced Azariah and enabl # Oded This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/02.md b/2ch/15/02.md index cf3222354e..19a2a0dc4e 100644 --- a/2ch/15/02.md +++ b/2ch/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will be found by you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will find him" or "he will permit you to find him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/03.md b/2ch/15/03.md index dc7e76ffbf..27bcd0c357 100644 --- a/2ch/15/03.md +++ b/2ch/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. This refers to a time when the peo # without a teaching priest "without a priest who taught them" - diff --git a/2ch/15/04.md b/2ch/15/04.md index d7b21753bc..55b61e90a2 100644 --- a/2ch/15/04.md +++ b/2ch/15/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was found by them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they found him" or "he permitted them to find him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/05.md b/2ch/15/05.md index c01c21b227..678ee142ad 100644 --- a/2ch/15/05.md +++ b/2ch/15/05.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ This phrase is an idiom that refers to a person who travels anywhere away from h The people experiencing great disturbances is spoken of as if those disturbances were objects that were on the people. Alternate translation: "for all the inhabitants of the lands experienced great disturbances" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # great disturbances -"great troubles" +"great troubles" diff --git a/2ch/15/06.md b/2ch/15/06.md index f8285c334a..ae9e6c9aff 100644 --- a/2ch/15/06.md +++ b/2ch/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the words "nation" and "city." Conquering one another # They were broken in pieces, nation against nation, and city against city Here "nation" and "city" are metonyms for the people who live there. You may also supply a connecting word to clarify the relationship between these two phrases. Alternate translation: "Nations and cities destroyed each other, as the people of one nation fought against the people of another nation, and the people of one city fought against the people of another city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-connectingwords]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/07.md b/2ch/15/07.md index 03a34da94f..e73466fb00 100644 --- a/2ch/15/07.md +++ b/2ch/15/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hands" represents the people who work. Alternate translation: "do # for your work will be rewarded This can be stated in active form. Yahweh is the implied subject. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh will reward your work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/08.md b/2ch/15/08.md index 1ac1b27c01..f5027a8501 100644 --- a/2ch/15/08.md +++ b/2ch/15/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Many versions make this passage read, "the prophecy of Azariah, the son of Oded # drove away the disgusting figures The words "the disgusting figures" refers to idols. Having his workers remove or destroy the idols is spoken of as if his workers were driving animals or other people away. Alternate translation: "got rid of the disgusting idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/09.md b/2ch/15/09.md index 426c15a226..7154b4ed9a 100644 --- a/2ch/15/09.md +++ b/2ch/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "all" is a generalization. The phrase means that David assembled p # For they came from Israel "For people from of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Simeon came from Israel" - diff --git a/2ch/15/10.md b/2ch/15/10.md index e75ed28de3..bd1251f1f6 100644 --- a/2ch/15/10.md +++ b/2ch/15/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the third month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of Ma # third ... fifteenth (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/11.md b/2ch/15/11.md index 997a5e5209..18012551aa 100644 --- a/2ch/15/11.md +++ b/2ch/15/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the plunder that they had taken from the villages around Gerar in # seven hundred ... seven thousand "700 ... 7,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/12.md b/2ch/15/12.md index 1a9bd24cfb..3fdf27853e 100644 --- a/2ch/15/12.md +++ b/2ch/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with all their heart and with all their soul Together, these two phrases form an idiomatic expression that refers to a person's entire being. Alternate translation: "with all their beings" or "wholeheartedly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/13.md b/2ch/15/13.md index 94e3937bef..d6417afaf1 100644 --- a/2ch/15/13.md +++ b/2ch/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "should die" (See: [[r # whether the person was small or great Possible meanings are 1) a person's importance within the community is spoken of as if the person were small or great. Alternate translation: "whether the person was important or not" or 2) a young person is spoken of as if he were small and an old person is spoken of as if he were great. Alternate translation: "whether the person was young or old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/14.md b/2ch/15/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/15/14.md +++ b/2ch/15/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/15/15.md b/2ch/15/15.md index 75118e9b92..df2ecdf01c 100644 --- a/2ch/15/15.md +++ b/2ch/15/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "with all their heart" means "with complete devotion." Alternate trans # he was found by them This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 15:4](../15/04.md). Alternate translation: "they found him" or "he permitted them to find him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/16.md b/2ch/15/16.md index b92863babf..9e640e8539 100644 --- a/2ch/15/16.md +++ b/2ch/15/16.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ This woman had been the wife of Rehoboam and the mother of Asa's father Abijah. # queen mother -This phrase is the official title of the mother or grandmother of the current king who was queen while her husband was king, but since his death has no official duties. +This phrase is the official title of the mother or grandmother of the current king who was queen while her husband was king, but since his death has no official duties. # a disgusting figure @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase refers to an idol. # He cut down the disgusting figure, crushed it ... and burned it Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to cut down the figure. Alternate translation: "He made his workers cut down the disgusting figure, crush it ... and burn it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/17.md b/2ch/15/17.md index ae90cd2204..93daff21a3 100644 --- a/2ch/15/17.md +++ b/2ch/15/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The heart represents the person. Alternate translation: "Asa was completely devo # all his days This refers to the whole period of time that Asa lived. Alternate translation: "the whole time that he lived" or "throughout his whole life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/18.md b/2ch/15/18.md index 3b3cc55d06..c0bfd22f22 100644 --- a/2ch/15/18.md +++ b/2ch/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house of God Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/19.md b/2ch/15/19.md index a770b49dd7..b70c406a61 100644 --- a/2ch/15/19.md +++ b/2ch/15/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the thirty-fifth year "year 35" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/15/intro.md b/2ch/15/intro.md index 508a67a574..473314903e 100644 --- a/2ch/15/intro.md +++ b/2ch/15/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # 2 Chronicles 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The section about King Asa continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Promise -#### Promise The people promise to serve the Lord. This is something they will ultimately fail to do. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idiom +### Idiom The phrase "seek Yahweh" means "wanting to believe and obey Yahweh." This is a common way to describe proper worship of Yahweh. It is possible the meaning of this idiom is about a desire to properly worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "seek Yahweh" means "wanting to believe and obey Yahweh." This is a c * __[2 Chronicles 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/16/01.md b/2ch/16/01.md index b46d1243cf..992c0795c4 100644 --- a/2ch/16/01.md +++ b/2ch/16/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that the army of Baasha first captured Ramah. The full meaning of # so that he might not allow anyone to "so that no one could" - diff --git a/2ch/16/02.md b/2ch/16/02.md index 569ff2e5e0..18c763dc5a 100644 --- a/2ch/16/02.md +++ b/2ch/16/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # He said This means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben-Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Asa told his servants to say to Ben-Hadad" or "Through his servants, Asa said to Ben-Hadad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/03.md b/2ch/16/03.md index dc26da8b5b..ff1a959ce5 100644 --- a/2ch/16/03.md +++ b/2ch/16/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Asa wanted Ben Hadad to attack Israel. Ben Hadad could only do that if he broke # leave me alone This is an idiom. Here Asa speaks of himself to represent himself along with his army. Alternate translation: "not attack me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/04.md b/2ch/16/04.md index 705e16f117..97be9db243 100644 --- a/2ch/16/04.md +++ b/2ch/16/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Asa's armies are represented by their commanders. Alternate translation: "s # Ijon, Dan, Abel Maim These are the names of cities in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/05.md b/2ch/16/05.md index c165d04690..68d64c2036 100644 --- a/2ch/16/05.md +++ b/2ch/16/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Asa represents himself and his army. "his work" refers to other work that h # building up "fortifying" - diff --git a/2ch/16/06.md b/2ch/16/06.md index 745656de30..3655701d4d 100644 --- a/2ch/16/06.md +++ b/2ch/16/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "King Asa" represents his workers. Alternate translation: "Then King Asa ha # Geba This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/07.md b/2ch/16/07.md index 730cd78e72..493f9e3dd1 100644 --- a/2ch/16/07.md +++ b/2ch/16/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # out of your hand Here the king's "hand" refers to his control. This means that his army was unable to conquer the king of Aram's army. Alternate translation: "from you" or "from your control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/08.md b/2ch/16/08.md index eab0797f84..b85e6df644 100644 --- a/2ch/16/08.md +++ b/2ch/16/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are people from Libya. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # he gave you victory This means that king Asa's army was able to defeat the opposing army. Alternate translation: "he gave your army victory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/09.md b/2ch/16/09.md index 84fa4666bf..6bd2992408 100644 --- a/2ch/16/09.md +++ b/2ch/16/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that Yahweh shows people that he is strong by protecting his people. # those whose hearts are perfect toward him This speaks of a people's will and desires as their "hearts." To be "perfect toward" something means to be completely devoted to that person or thing. Alternate translation: "those who are completely committed to following him" or "those who are completely devoted to following him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/10.md b/2ch/16/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/16/10.md +++ b/2ch/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/16/11.md b/2ch/16/11.md index b770c274d0..a41e557fc8 100644 --- a/2ch/16/11.md +++ b/2ch/16/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "from the first thing that he did to th # the book of the kings of Judah and Israel This is a book that no longer exists. - diff --git a/2ch/16/12.md b/2ch/16/12.md index 59c597656c..8f445adedf 100644 --- a/2ch/16/12.md +++ b/2ch/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Asa was afflicted with a disease in his feet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Asa had a disease in his feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/13.md b/2ch/16/13.md index 2b2b6dbc36..758aba29c3 100644 --- a/2ch/16/13.md +++ b/2ch/16/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "Asa died du # in the forty-first year of his reign "in year 41 of his reign" or "when he reigned almost 41 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/14.md b/2ch/16/14.md index 70b690bb29..5309682490 100644 --- a/2ch/16/14.md +++ b/2ch/16/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Putting plants that smell good with the dead body was one of the burial customs # prepared by skilled perfumers This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that skilled perfumers had prepared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/16/intro.md b/2ch/16/intro.md index 064084c9ff..98ddf0931f 100644 --- a/2ch/16/intro.md +++ b/2ch/16/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 2 Chronicles 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The section about King Asa is completed in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Asa did not trust Yahweh -When Baasha was building Ramah to blockade him, Asa asked the king of Aram to help him instead of trusting God to help him. This was sinful because he disobeyed Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### Asa did not trust Yahweh + +When Baasha was building Ramah to blockade him, Asa asked the king of Aram to help him instead of trusting God to help him. This was sinful because he disobeyed Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: * __[2 Chronicles 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/17/01.md b/2ch/17/01.md index 7588733ead..03f5270ea0 100644 --- a/2ch/17/01.md +++ b/2ch/17/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # strengthened himself against Israel Jehoshaphat prepared the army for battle. Alternate translation: "prepared the army to be able to battle Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/02.md b/2ch/17/02.md index e0ac9d7b2c..65290e04b0 100644 --- a/2ch/17/02.md +++ b/2ch/17/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # garrisons military encampments set up to protect the people - diff --git a/2ch/17/03.md b/2ch/17/03.md index c628df9b76..a9f090ad1f 100644 --- a/2ch/17/03.md +++ b/2ch/17/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the way a person lives and conducts himself is spoken of as if it were walk # did not seek the Baals This means that he did not worship the Baal idols in order to seek help from them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/04.md b/2ch/17/04.md index 4921ea9a75..955be9c0f8 100644 --- a/2ch/17/04.md +++ b/2ch/17/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not according to the practices of Israel This refers to how most of the people of Israel did not follow Yahweh. Alternate translation: "and did not follow the evil practices that were common in Israel" or "and did not behave in the ways of the people of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/05.md b/2ch/17/05.md index 00cae4d7d0..d68ae64e31 100644 --- a/2ch/17/05.md +++ b/2ch/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "his hand" represents Jehoshaphat's control. Alternate translation: " # honor in abundance The word "honor" may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "was greatly honored" or "the people greatly honored him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/06.md b/2ch/17/06.md index 734252ee66..6914f6f462 100644 --- a/2ch/17/06.md +++ b/2ch/17/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # His heart Here the king is represented by his "heart" to emphasize his will and desires. Alternate translation: "He" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/07.md b/2ch/17/07.md index f611514b01..655fb2ddf0 100644 --- a/2ch/17/07.md +++ b/2ch/17/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Ben-Hail, Obadiah, Zechariah, Nethanel, and Micaiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/08.md b/2ch/17/08.md index 926938a20f..377c301b0e 100644 --- a/2ch/17/08.md +++ b/2ch/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shemaiah, Nethaniah, Zebadiah, Asahel, Shemiramoth, Jehonathan, Adonijah, Tobijah, and Tob-Adonijah ... Elishama and Jehoram These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/09.md b/2ch/17/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/17/09.md +++ b/2ch/17/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/17/10.md b/2ch/17/10.md index 3325d24348..33a3dc7a61 100644 --- a/2ch/17/10.md +++ b/2ch/17/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "terror" can be expressed with the adjective "afraid." Also, this speak # against Jehoshaphat Here Jehoshaphat represents his army. Alternate translation: "against Jehoshaphat's army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/11.md b/2ch/17/11.md index 46fe013a2c..7fa15a26fd 100644 --- a/2ch/17/11.md +++ b/2ch/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 7,700 rams, and 7,700 goats The number can also be written as seven thousand seven hundred. This is a description of the flocks that the Arabians brought Jehoshaphat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/12.md b/2ch/17/12.md index afd9076f86..db2f026424 100644 --- a/2ch/17/12.md +++ b/2ch/17/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He built fortresses and storage cities Jehoshaphat did not build these things himself; rather, he commanded his workers to build them. Alternate translation: "His workers built fortresses and storage cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/13.md b/2ch/17/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/17/13.md +++ b/2ch/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/17/14.md b/2ch/17/14.md index ffa8bc2a7b..497b74e4c6 100644 --- a/2ch/17/14.md +++ b/2ch/17/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "commander of thousands" is probably an official title for a military # 300,000 "three hundred thousand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/15.md b/2ch/17/15.md index 064caad8e7..2c90b6894b 100644 --- a/2ch/17/15.md +++ b/2ch/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 280,000 "two hundred and eighty thousand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/16.md b/2ch/17/16.md index 59ea8c94df..b86dc35613 100644 --- a/2ch/17/16.md +++ b/2ch/17/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 200,000 "two hundred thousand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/17.md b/2ch/17/17.md index 188aad4607..18492e42a2 100644 --- a/2ch/17/17.md +++ b/2ch/17/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 200,000 "two hundred thousand men" or "200,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/18.md b/2ch/17/18.md index 28176cfc59..9eb99e8ea1 100644 --- a/2ch/17/18.md +++ b/2ch/17/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 180,000 "one hundred and eighty thousand men" or "180,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2ch/17/19.md b/2ch/17/19.md index 78b31e28e3..2501ef6782 100644 --- a/2ch/17/19.md +++ b/2ch/17/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # besides those "in addition to" - diff --git a/2ch/17/intro.md b/2ch/17/intro.md index ba6a8e5855..a30ce1b00e 100644 --- a/2ch/17/intro.md +++ b/2ch/17/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the story of King Jehoshaphat. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust in Yahweh -#### Trust in Yahweh Jehoshaphat trusted and obeyed God. Because of this, God made him strong. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Jehoshaphat trusted and obeyed God. Because of this, God made him strong. (See: * __[2 Chronicles 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/18/01.md b/2ch/18/01.md index 7ae4984077..563c72b1b6 100644 --- a/2ch/18/01.md +++ b/2ch/18/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "now" is used here to mark background information. This happened before # he allied himself with Ahab "he aligned himself with Ahab" or "he made himself a friend of Ahab" - diff --git a/2ch/18/02.md b/2ch/18/02.md index 277204a2d7..3b5b7bbcd3 100644 --- a/2ch/18/02.md +++ b/2ch/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahab killed many sheep and cattle for him and the people This means that he had these animals slaughtered to prepare a feast for the people. Also, Ahab himself would not have prepared the animals, but rather would have commanded his workers to do it. Alternate translation: "Ahab commanded his workers to slaughter many sheep and cattle for a feast for Jehoshaphat and the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/03.md b/2ch/18/03.md index 59d9487a32..163b35a4d2 100644 --- a/2ch/18/03.md +++ b/2ch/18/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Ahab is requesting for Jehoshaphat to join him with his army to make war ag # I am like you, and my people are like your people Jehoshaphat is stating his allegiance to Ahab. Alternate translation: "I offer myself and my soldiers to you to use in any way you want" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/04.md b/2ch/18/04.md index b2e44650c3..621978f722 100644 --- a/2ch/18/04.md +++ b/2ch/18/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # king of Israel This refers to King Ahab. - diff --git a/2ch/18/05.md b/2ch/18/05.md index 38aa203c3b..ff5b93b42b 100644 --- a/2ch/18/05.md +++ b/2ch/18/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here about refers to himself accompanied by his army as himself. Alternate trans # will give it into the hand of the king Here the king's "hand" refers to his control. This means that God will enable them to defeat the people at Ramoth Gilead. Alternate translation: "will enable your army to defeat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/06.md b/2ch/18/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/18/06.md +++ b/2ch/18/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/18/07.md b/2ch/18/07.md index bff752b3ff..5730e95bfa 100644 --- a/2ch/18/07.md +++ b/2ch/18/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Micaiah son of Imlah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/08.md b/2ch/18/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/18/08.md +++ b/2ch/18/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/18/09.md b/2ch/18/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/18/09.md +++ b/2ch/18/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/18/10.md b/2ch/18/10.md index e8c0c21fc1..1ab8646043 100644 --- a/2ch/18/10.md +++ b/2ch/18/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The prophet's actions are a symbolic metaphor that illustrates the way that Ahab # until they are consumed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until you consume them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/11.md b/2ch/18/11.md index 720c835f76..bfa2b287dc 100644 --- a/2ch/18/11.md +++ b/2ch/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has given it into the hand of the king Here the king's "hand" refers to his control. This means that God will enable them to defeat the people at Ramoth Gilead. Alternate translation: "has allowed the king to capture it" or "will allow your armies to capture it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/12.md b/2ch/18/12.md index 5ac5b25dfe..25f4533fbe 100644 --- a/2ch/18/12.md +++ b/2ch/18/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The prophets all saying the same thing is spoken of as if they all spoke with th # your words "what you say" - diff --git a/2ch/18/13.md b/2ch/18/13.md index 86fe8fac7e..67dc66930b 100644 --- a/2ch/18/13.md +++ b/2ch/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As Yahweh lives "as surely as Yahweh is alive." The people use this expression to show that what they say next is certainly true. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: "I solemnly swear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/14.md b/2ch/18/14.md index 5d5eec7174..3973e9a321 100644 --- a/2ch/18/14.md +++ b/2ch/18/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: "or should we # should we go The word "we" refers to Ahab, Jehoshaphat, and their armies but not to Micaiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/15.md b/2ch/18/15.md index 0966f51b3f..42a84c478a 100644 --- a/2ch/18/15.md +++ b/2ch/18/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ahab asks this question out of frustration to rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translat # in the name of Yahweh Here the word "name" refers to authority. Alternate translation: "as the representative of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/16.md b/2ch/18/16.md index c5e74a97af..e4f51e0dd6 100644 --- a/2ch/18/16.md +++ b/2ch/18/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people of the army are compared to sheep that have no one to lead them becau # These have no shepherd Yahweh speaks of the king as if he were a shepherd. Just like a shepherd is responsible to care for and protect his sheep, the king is responsible to lead and protect his people. Alternate translation: "These people no longer have a leader" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/17.md b/2ch/18/17.md index 8a5fd95a96..ac56162769 100644 --- a/2ch/18/17.md +++ b/2ch/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did I not tell you ... but only disaster? Ahab asks this question to emphasize that he had spoken the truth about Micaiah. Alternate translation: "I told you ... but only disaster!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/18.md b/2ch/18/18.md index aba963165b..730e59e82a 100644 --- a/2ch/18/18.md +++ b/2ch/18/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # on his right hand and on his left This means that they were standing beside him on his right side and his left side. Alternate translation: "by his right side and by his left side" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/19.md b/2ch/18/19.md index d538c464c3..b9005c53d4 100644 --- a/2ch/18/19.md +++ b/2ch/18/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ahab dying in battle is spoken of as if he will fall. Alternate translation: "di # One said this and another that This indicates that there was more than one opinion. The words "One ... and another" refer to two or more angels in the heavenly host who were responding to Yahweh's question in the previous verse. - diff --git a/2ch/18/20.md b/2ch/18/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/18/20.md +++ b/2ch/18/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/18/21.md b/2ch/18/21.md index e85fec5012..1d4d3edf23 100644 --- a/2ch/18/21.md +++ b/2ch/18/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # become a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets Here the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate translation: "cause all his prophets to speak lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/22.md b/2ch/18/22.md index 2c3c84df87..ce1bf3cfa9 100644 --- a/2ch/18/22.md +++ b/2ch/18/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # has put a lying spirit in the mouth of these prophets of yours Here the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate translation: "has caused your prophets to speak lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/23.md b/2ch/18/23.md index c9280b7601..ce50844eda 100644 --- a/2ch/18/23.md +++ b/2ch/18/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate this man's name the same as in [2 Chronicles 18:10](../18/10.md). (See # Which way did the Spirit of Yahweh take to go from me to speak to you? Zedekiah asks this sarcastic question to insult and rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translation: "Do not think that Yahweh's Spirit left me to speak to you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/24.md b/2ch/18/24.md index 789d3bafde..792c4d762c 100644 --- a/2ch/18/24.md +++ b/2ch/18/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will know that "you will know the answer to your question." If Zedekiah's rhetorical question is translated as a statement, this phrase may be translated to supply implicit information. Alternate translation: "you will know that the Spirit of Yahweh has spoken to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/25.md b/2ch/18/25.md index fecf4c7927..ce8d49beec 100644 --- a/2ch/18/25.md +++ b/2ch/18/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Ahab. # Amon This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/26.md b/2ch/18/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/18/26.md +++ b/2ch/18/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/18/27.md b/2ch/18/27.md index d46bbf1158..0d22d09c83 100644 --- a/2ch/18/27.md +++ b/2ch/18/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If you return safely, then Yahweh has not spoken by me Micaiah knew that the king would not return safely because Yahweh had already told him that. So he said this to emphasize that. Alternate translation: "If you return safely, then that would mean that Yahweh has not spoken by me" - diff --git a/2ch/18/28.md b/2ch/18/28.md index 6b2c096426..7c77029407 100644 --- a/2ch/18/28.md +++ b/2ch/18/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the kings represent themselves accompanied by their armies. Alternate trans # Ramoth Gilead Translate the name of this place as you did in [2 Chronicles 18:2](../18/02.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/29.md b/2ch/18/29.md index 5b1e9269b8..6f95e6e399 100644 --- a/2ch/18/29.md +++ b/2ch/18/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # disguise This means to change the usual appearance so as not to be identified. - diff --git a/2ch/18/30.md b/2ch/18/30.md index cea0ef2b2c..ccf1c79af8 100644 --- a/2ch/18/30.md +++ b/2ch/18/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Fight with neither small nor great Here "small" and "great" mean the unimportant and important soldiers. The king used the words "small" and "great" to refer to all the soldiers. Alternate translation: "Do not attack any of the soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/31.md b/2ch/18/31.md index 502f8ab582..4ab10aaf33 100644 --- a/2ch/18/31.md +++ b/2ch/18/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jehoshaphat was wrongly identified as the king of Israel because Ahab had insist # It came about that This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/2ch/18/32.md b/2ch/18/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/18/32.md +++ b/2ch/18/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/18/33.md b/2ch/18/33.md index ae475c9a7a..86d92155d7 100644 --- a/2ch/18/33.md +++ b/2ch/18/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) he took aim to shoot a soldier without knowing that it # between the joints of his armor This is a place where two pieces of armor meet and is susceptible to arrows and swords. - diff --git a/2ch/18/34.md b/2ch/18/34.md index dac8b824ec..e2b586c2f6 100644 --- a/2ch/18/34.md +++ b/2ch/18/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the king of Israel was held up in his chariot This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone held the king of Israel up in his chariot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/18/intro.md b/2ch/18/intro.md index 006c2dc773..12ff1cdab8 100644 --- a/2ch/18/intro.md +++ b/2ch/18/intro.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ # 2 Chronicles 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of Jehoshaphat as king continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter The will of God is accomplished, even when people try to avoid it. Ahab tried to disguise himself to hide from the soldiers of Aram but an arrow still hit and killed him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/willofgod]]) @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The will of God is accomplished, even when people try to avoid it. Ahab tried to * __[2 Chronicles 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/19/01.md b/2ch/19/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/19/01.md +++ b/2ch/19/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/19/02.md b/2ch/19/02.md index 9b5cbab85b..5efab1c038 100644 --- a/2ch/19/02.md +++ b/2ch/19/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to wicked people in general. Alternate translation: "wicked people" # anger from Yahweh is on you The abstract noun "anger" can be translated using the word "angry." This phrase can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is angry with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/19/03.md b/2ch/19/03.md index 904162ba1d..65d7d3c3d2 100644 --- a/2ch/19/03.md +++ b/2ch/19/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the heart represents the will. Jehoshaphat's will is spoken of as being fix # seek God Wanting to do what pleases God is spoken of as if Jehoshaphat were seeking him. Alternate translation: "do what pleases God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/19/04.md b/2ch/19/04.md index f55bb5ac5a..8bf913dc1b 100644 --- a/2ch/19/04.md +++ b/2ch/19/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author speaks of Jehoshaphat's leading the people back to serving Yahweh as # their fathers "their ancestors" or "their forefathers" - diff --git a/2ch/19/05.md b/2ch/19/05.md index 6b17f152dc..f9298b0f05 100644 --- a/2ch/19/05.md +++ b/2ch/19/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ cities with walls around them for protection # city by city "for every city" - diff --git a/2ch/19/06.md b/2ch/19/06.md index 7a4777b75f..5b78012c2c 100644 --- a/2ch/19/06.md +++ b/2ch/19/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he is with you Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh was aware of what the judges decided or 2) Yahweh would hold the judges accountable for their decisions or 3) Yahweh would help and guide them in their decisions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/19/07.md b/2ch/19/07.md index 4767a20c5b..5ae2dea42a 100644 --- a/2ch/19/07.md +++ b/2ch/19/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "you should remembe # there is no iniquity with Yahweh our God, nor is there any favoritism or bribe taking The abstract nouns "iniquity," "favoritism," and "bribe" can be translated using the verbs "sin," "favor," and "bribe." Alternate translation: "Yahweh our God will not sin or favor one person over another in judgment or be bribed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/19/08.md b/2ch/19/08.md index b80027a64f..4b5554533b 100644 --- a/2ch/19/08.md +++ b/2ch/19/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "judgment" can be translated using the verb "to judge." Altern # for the sake of disputes "for settling disputes" or "for resolving arguments" - diff --git a/2ch/19/09.md b/2ch/19/09.md index b198169ec9..2dfdee3dc0 100644 --- a/2ch/19/09.md +++ b/2ch/19/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "reverence" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation # with your whole heart Here "heart" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "with your whole being" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/19/10.md b/2ch/19/10.md index 46b478cc80..3c7df9bc08 100644 --- a/2ch/19/10.md +++ b/2ch/19/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the killing of people is spoken of as shedding their blood, where "blood" r # anger will come toward you and toward your brothers The abstract noun "anger" can be expressed as the adjective "angry." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will be angry with you and your brothers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/19/11.md b/2ch/19/11.md index 3ccc9776e8..e288c52dd6 100644 --- a/2ch/19/11.md +++ b/2ch/19/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # of all the matters of the king Here Jehoshaphat speaks of himself in the third person. This can be translated in the first person. Alternate translation: "of all my royal matters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2ch/19/intro.md b/2ch/19/intro.md index b0e2a94e7c..d93ebcae30 100644 --- a/2ch/19/intro.md +++ b/2ch/19/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of Jehoshaphat as king continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Levite judges -#### Levite judges Jehoshaphat appointed many Levites to be judges and told them to be very fair. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Jehoshaphat appointed many Levites to be judges and told them to be very fair. ( * __[2 Chronicles 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/20/01.md b/2ch/20/01.md index 63d12aa13a..228bc441a7 100644 --- a/2ch/20/01.md +++ b/2ch/20/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a people group from the region of Meun which was near Edom, east of the # came against Jehoshaphat to do battle Here "Jehoshaphat" represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "came against Jehoshaphat's army to do battle" or "came to fight against Jehoshaphat and his army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/02.md b/2ch/20/02.md index dafdbd2d8d..30b9cdc4cf 100644 --- a/2ch/20/02.md +++ b/2ch/20/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "see" is used here as an idiom to add emphasis to what is said next. Th # Hazezon Tamar This is the name of a place. It is another name for Engedi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/03.md b/2ch/20/03.md index 818602e06f..ddd2b61926 100644 --- a/2ch/20/03.md +++ b/2ch/20/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of seeking Yahweh's advice as if he were looking for Yahweh. Alterna # He proclaimed a fast The word "fast" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "He proclaimed that all the people should fast" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/04.md b/2ch/20/04.md index 9f50283a99..0a7978278e 100644 --- a/2ch/20/04.md +++ b/2ch/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Judah gathered This refers to the people of Judah. Alternate translation: "The people of Judah gathered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/05.md b/2ch/20/05.md index 7aaed47c7a..8cf2aeaae5 100644 --- a/2ch/20/05.md +++ b/2ch/20/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # of Judah and Jerusalem This refers to the people from these places. Alternate translation: "of the people from Judah and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/06.md b/2ch/20/06.md index a731de253f..2b597f5d55 100644 --- a/2ch/20/06.md +++ b/2ch/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jehoshaphat uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that God is in heaven and # Power and might are in your hand The words "Power" and "might" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of Yahweh's power. The word "hand" refers to possession. Alternate translation: "You possess great power" or "You have great power and might" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/07.md b/2ch/20/07.md index 2cd332abcc..826b9eea4d 100644 --- a/2ch/20/07.md +++ b/2ch/20/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Our God, did you not drive out the inhabitants of this land ... to the descendants of Abraham? Jehoshaphat uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that God drove their enemies from their land and gave it to the Israelites. This question can be written as statement. Alternate translation: "It was you who drove out those who lived in this land for the sake of your people Israel and who gave it permanently to the descendants of Abraham." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/08.md b/2ch/20/08.md index 1c5bf084e4..abb78e3f1d 100644 --- a/2ch/20/08.md +++ b/2ch/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for your name Here Yahweh is represented by his "name." Alternate translation: "for you" or "to honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/09.md b/2ch/20/09.md index 12ba9389fd..2e8587af8e 100644 --- a/2ch/20/09.md +++ b/2ch/20/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the temple. # your name is in this house Here Yahweh's presence is represented by his "name." Alternate translation: "your presence is here in this house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/10.md b/2ch/20/10.md index 39929c1800..964ea187c9 100644 --- a/2ch/20/10.md +++ b/2ch/20/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mount Seir This was a place where the Edomites lived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/11.md b/2ch/20/11.md index 60e4003a23..c7b0a16708 100644 --- a/2ch/20/11.md +++ b/2ch/20/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Jehoshaphat speaks of the ironic situation. Alternate translation: "This is # See how The word "see" here is used as an idiom to emphasize what is said next. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/12.md b/2ch/20/12.md index 199a47cbc4..b6e6d99511 100644 --- a/2ch/20/12.md +++ b/2ch/20/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used as a request. This question can be written as a # our eyes are on you Here the people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize that they are directing their attention to God. Alternate translation: "we are looking to you for help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/13.md b/2ch/20/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/20/13.md +++ b/2ch/20/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/20/14.md b/2ch/20/14.md index 91d8ce3530..142f3ef508 100644 --- a/2ch/20/14.md +++ b/2ch/20/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom which means that the spirit of God influenced Jahaziel and enab # Jahaziel ... Zechariah ... Benaiah ... Jeiel ... Mattaniah ... Asaph These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/15.md b/2ch/20/15.md index a3a6c48c54..478a42fcc1 100644 --- a/2ch/20/15.md +++ b/2ch/20/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Judah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "all yo # for the battle does not belong to you, but to God This means that God is in control of the battle and of what happens. - diff --git a/2ch/20/16.md b/2ch/20/16.md index 03b00ef32b..c37b40fa50 100644 --- a/2ch/20/16.md +++ b/2ch/20/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that means to go and meet the enemy army for battle. Alternate # pass of Ziz This is a narrow valley between two mountains southeast of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/17.md b/2ch/20/17.md index b7da14b6fe..d021ebc9cb 100644 --- a/2ch/20/17.md +++ b/2ch/20/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "rescue" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "Yahweh res # Judah and Jerusalem Here these places represent the people from them. Alternate translation: "people of Judah and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/18.md b/2ch/20/18.md index 8616bdc5fd..00ad24764d 100644 --- a/2ch/20/18.md +++ b/2ch/20/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These acts of worship that express humility and submission to God. (See: [[rc:// # All Judah Here "Judah" refers to the people from Judah. Alternate translation: "All the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/19.md b/2ch/20/19.md index b314dcce3e..c799714635 100644 --- a/2ch/20/19.md +++ b/2ch/20/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of people groups descending from Kohath and Korah. (See: [[r # with a very loud voice This speaks of all the people praising Yahweh as if they together had one voice. Alternate translation: "with very loud voices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/20.md b/2ch/20/20.md index 544fca0fee..861bfc7c62 100644 --- a/2ch/20/20.md +++ b/2ch/20/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will support you" # Trust in his prophets, and you will succeed "If you trust in Yahweh's prophets, then you will succeed" - diff --git a/2ch/20/21.md b/2ch/20/21.md index d5ee970b9f..1d304929e1 100644 --- a/2ch/20/21.md +++ b/2ch/20/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his covenant faithfulness endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithfully" or "faithful." See how you translated "covenant faithfulness" in [2 Chronicles 7:3](../07/03.md). Alternate translation: "he faithfully loves us forever" or "he is always faithful to his covenant with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/22.md b/2ch/20/22.md index 16752a421a..8191881b05 100644 --- a/2ch/20/22.md +++ b/2ch/20/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Translate the name of this place the same as in [2 Chronicles 20:10](../20/10.md # They were defeated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They defeated them" or "They defeated those they had ambushed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/23.md b/2ch/20/23.md index 41c1613035..b47a541fa1 100644 --- a/2ch/20/23.md +++ b/2ch/20/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second intensifies the firs # When they had finished with This refers to after they had destroyed them. Alternate translation: "When they had finished killing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/24.md b/2ch/20/24.md index 136876c994..005b6fb65f 100644 --- a/2ch/20/24.md +++ b/2ch/20/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "behold" is used here to mark a surprising event. # they were dead, fallen to the ground The phrase "fallen to the ground" is an idiomatic way to say that "they were dead." Alternate translation: "they were all dead on the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/25.md b/2ch/20/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/20/25.md +++ b/2ch/20/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/20/26.md b/2ch/20/26.md index 5e5666a0f3..76a4cdba4c 100644 --- a/2ch/20/26.md +++ b/2ch/20/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # to this day This means the day on which the writer wrote. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 5:9](../05/09.md). - diff --git a/2ch/20/27.md b/2ch/20/27.md index 1a37b5e8c5..e8dbd62209 100644 --- a/2ch/20/27.md +++ b/2ch/20/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a reference to every man in the army. Alternate translation: "every sold # rejoice over their enemies They rejoiced because their enemies had been defeated. Alternate translation: "rejoice over their enemies' defeat" or "rejoice because their enemies had been destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/28.md b/2ch/20/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/20/28.md +++ b/2ch/20/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/20/29.md b/2ch/20/29.md index fef0223cd9..00347f704c 100644 --- a/2ch/20/29.md +++ b/2ch/20/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "terror" can be expressed with the verb "feared." Alternate translation # kingdoms of the nations "kingdoms in the nearby nations" - diff --git a/2ch/20/30.md b/2ch/20/30.md index d14a6be2cb..87930183ed 100644 --- a/2ch/20/30.md +++ b/2ch/20/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jehoshaphat's kingdom was quiet This speaks of the kingdom having peace as the kingdom being quiet. Alternate translation: "Jehoshaphat's kingdom was at peace" - diff --git a/2ch/20/31.md b/2ch/20/31.md index b6d0c8e888..c17f7c8c72 100644 --- a/2ch/20/31.md +++ b/2ch/20/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Azubah, the daughter of Shilhi "Azubah" was the name of Jehoshaphat's mother. Shilhi was the name of Azubah's father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/32.md b/2ch/20/32.md index dd7660d770..3b5c0aa7cd 100644 --- a/2ch/20/32.md +++ b/2ch/20/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that he lived in a way that pleased Yahweh as his father had done. He # he did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh saw and approved of Jehoshaphat's actions. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Chronicles 14:2](../14/02.md). Alternate translation: "he did what Yahweh judged to be right" or "he did what Yahweh considered to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/33.md b/2ch/20/33.md index da87aceb65..a0b01541f3 100644 --- a/2ch/20/33.md +++ b/2ch/20/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he did not get rid of # The people still had not directed their hearts to the God This means that the people did not desire to obey God and were not devoted to him. Here people's "hearts" represent their will and their desires. Alternate translation: "The people were still not devoted to the God" or "The people still were not committed to following the God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/34.md b/2ch/20/34.md index fdb2552c2a..c39880dcbc 100644 --- a/2ch/20/34.md +++ b/2ch/20/34.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a historical account that was written by Jehu. # the book of the kings of Israel This is a book that no longer exists. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 16:11](../16/11.md). - diff --git a/2ch/20/35.md b/2ch/20/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/20/35.md +++ b/2ch/20/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/20/36.md b/2ch/20/36.md index 72696cf05a..3788ca6874 100644 --- a/2ch/20/36.md +++ b/2ch/20/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jehoshaphat and Ahaziah did not build the ships, rather, their workers built the # Ezion Geber Translate the name of this place as you did in [2 Chronicles 8:17](../08/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/20/37.md b/2ch/20/37.md index 45bddecee0..ebedd1742d 100644 --- a/2ch/20/37.md +++ b/2ch/20/37.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The ships became ruin # they could not go "no one was able to sail them" - diff --git a/2ch/20/intro.md b/2ch/20/intro.md index d3de7b7a94..be2ca378f8 100644 --- a/2ch/20/intro.md +++ b/2ch/20/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of King Jehoshaphat is completed in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Deliverance and trust -#### Deliverance and trust God rescues those who trust him. An enormous army came against Jehoshaphat but God promised that he would defeat them without Judah having to fight. Then the enemy fought among themselves and when the army of Judah arrived there were dead bodies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God rescues those who trust him. An enormous army came against Jehoshaphat but G * __[2 Chronicles 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/21/01.md b/2ch/21/01.md index 373cc0312b..803a502a46 100644 --- a/2ch/21/01.md +++ b/2ch/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "died" (See: # city of David This is the city of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/02.md b/2ch/21/02.md index 49e2b2e24d..502d0b27c3 100644 --- a/2ch/21/02.md +++ b/2ch/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jehoshaphat, king of Israel The southern kingdom was technically called "Judah," but the writer of this book apparently wanted to make the point that the southern kingdom was, in its obedience to God, the true Israel. - diff --git a/2ch/21/03.md b/2ch/21/03.md index f627af4318..26019b8d66 100644 --- a/2ch/21/03.md +++ b/2ch/21/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he gave the kingdom to Jehoram The kingdom is spoken of as if it were a physical object that Jehoshaphat gave to Jehoram. Alternate translation: "he made Jehoram king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/04.md b/2ch/21/04.md index 513c423ffa..b1bd9f82ec 100644 --- a/2ch/21/04.md +++ b/2ch/21/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "rise up over" something is an idiom that means to control it. Alternate tran # he killed all his brothers with the sword Jehoram probably did not kill them personally, but had other people do it for him. Alternate translation: "he caused all of his younger brothers to be killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/05.md b/2ch/21/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/21/05.md +++ b/2ch/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/21/06.md b/2ch/21/06.md index 7c1cab767f..96e4a3a250 100644 --- a/2ch/21/06.md +++ b/2ch/21/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents his judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh judged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/07.md b/2ch/21/07.md index b1aee19e83..af893f01fc 100644 --- a/2ch/21/07.md +++ b/2ch/21/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # he had promised that he would always give a lamp to him and his descendants Here the word "lamp" is a metaphor, probably for the authority to rule. Alternate translation: "he had promised that David and his descendants would rule Israel forever" - diff --git a/2ch/21/08.md b/2ch/21/08.md index 486a1b74fe..3b5642d84b 100644 --- a/2ch/21/08.md +++ b/2ch/21/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # set a king to reign over themselves The word "set" is a metonym for choosing. Alternate translation: "chose a king to rule over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/09.md b/2ch/21/09.md index 875fa60bf7..131bff8136 100644 --- a/2ch/21/09.md +++ b/2ch/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # It was night when he rose up ... surrounded him and his chariot commanders It may be helpful to reorder this sentence and to add implicit information. Alternate translation: "The Edomites surrounded him and his chariot commanders, but Jehoram and his army fought against them and escaped during the night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/10.md b/2ch/21/10.md index 12ba2a6116..04d489f2a1 100644 --- a/2ch/21/10.md +++ b/2ch/21/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the time when the book of 2 Chronicles was written. See how you t # Libnah This was a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/11.md b/2ch/21/11.md index 11a28644a4..808c8b2b3a 100644 --- a/2ch/21/11.md +++ b/2ch/21/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jehoram caused the people to serve idols instead of Yahweh. People who serve oth # he led Judah astray Not following Yahweh is spoken of as not following the correct path. Alternate translation: "he caused Judah to no longer follow Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/12.md b/2ch/21/12.md index 38a1357ee2..e6c54b82ea 100644 --- a/2ch/21/12.md +++ b/2ch/21/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # walked in the ways This is an idiom that means he followed their example. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 20:32](../20/32.md). Alternate translation: "followed the example" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/13.md b/2ch/21/13.md index d45df4f177..7a57127856 100644 --- a/2ch/21/13.md +++ b/2ch/21/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jehoram caused the people to serve idols instead of Yahweh. People who serve oth # the house of Ahab The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate translation: "the descendants of Ahab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/14.md b/2ch/21/14.md index 83dc08affd..a05cbd68c4 100644 --- a/2ch/21/14.md +++ b/2ch/21/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This tells Jehoram to pay attention to the message that follows. # strike your people ... your possessions with a heavy blow "cause horrible things to happen to your people ... your possessions" - diff --git a/2ch/21/15.md b/2ch/21/15.md index 34a60ed356..949b03a361 100644 --- a/2ch/21/15.md +++ b/2ch/21/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The use of the reflexive "yourself" emphasizes that this is a personal judgment # until the disease causes your intestines to come out Possible meanings are 1) his intestines will literally fall out or 2) this is a metaphor that describes intestinal problems that will result in his death. Alternate translation: "until this disease causes your death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/16.md b/2ch/21/16.md index 28a1afc84c..1665b98e96 100644 --- a/2ch/21/16.md +++ b/2ch/21/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Jehoram refers to Jehoram and the people of Judah that he ruled. Alternate # the spirit of the Philistines and of the Arabians who were near the Cushites The Philistines and the Arabians were two different nations. The Arabians lived southeast of Judah near the Cushites, and the Philistines lived west of Judah. These nations were stirred up separately. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the spirit of the Philistines and the spirit of the Arabians who were near the Cushites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/17.md b/2ch/21/17.md index 2257fa2abc..53bc998884 100644 --- a/2ch/21/17.md +++ b/2ch/21/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jehoahaz, his youngest son This same son is called "Ahaziah" in [2 Chronicles 22:1](../22/01.md). - diff --git a/2ch/21/18.md b/2ch/21/18.md index 96513eed1a..9de74c2019 100644 --- a/2ch/21/18.md +++ b/2ch/21/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh struck him in his intestines with an incurable disease Here "struck" is an idiom that means Yahweh caused him to be sick. Alternate translation: "Yahweh caused him to suffer from an incurable disease in his intestines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/19.md b/2ch/21/19.md index ec6c0ace9c..a72308ca62 100644 --- a/2ch/21/19.md +++ b/2ch/21/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to a set or appointed time. Alternate translation: # made no fire in his honor as they had done for his ancestors The custom of the Israelites was to make a bonfire to honor the king who had died. They did not do this for Jehoram to express their contempt for him. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "did not make a bonfire to honor him as they normally did to honor kings when they died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/21/20.md b/2ch/21/20.md index 06797fadec..1c18e6b956 100644 --- a/2ch/21/20.md +++ b/2ch/21/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when he departed no one mourned him "no one was sad that he died" - diff --git a/2ch/21/intro.md b/2ch/21/intro.md index 0286f6f58d..4eee9acd7a 100644 --- a/2ch/21/intro.md +++ b/2ch/21/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ # 2 Chronicles 21 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Evil -#### Evil Doing evil causes the country to decline. Jehoshaphat's son was evil. Edom and Libna successfully revolted against him, the Arabs plundered him and he died of an intestinal disease. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Simile +### Simile The author compares worship of Baal to being a prostitute: "to act like a prostitute." Idolatry by the people of God is often pictured as prostitution. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ The author compares worship of Baal to being a prostitute: "to act like a prosti * __[2 Chronicles 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/22/01.md b/2ch/22/01.md index a3d0a97160..95f46454b5 100644 --- a/2ch/22/01.md +++ b/2ch/22/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is background information about the events of [2 Chronicles 21:16](../21/16 # all his older sons "all Jehoram's older sons" - diff --git a/2ch/22/02.md b/2ch/22/02.md index 89ac5768a3..18452f6070 100644 --- a/2ch/22/02.md +++ b/2ch/22/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Athaliah This is the name of Ahaziah's mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/22/03.md b/2ch/22/03.md index ac41cdef89..fc76d4a426 100644 --- a/2ch/22/03.md +++ b/2ch/22/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "walked in the ways" is an idiom that means he followed Ahab's example. See # the house of Ahab The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate translation: "the descendants of Ahab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/22/04.md b/2ch/22/04.md index df05f25530..9167f0e008 100644 --- a/2ch/22/04.md +++ b/2ch/22/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # to his destruction "and this caused his destruction" - diff --git a/2ch/22/05.md b/2ch/22/05.md index 2d10f66c1d..6ba030a3f6 100644 --- a/2ch/22/05.md +++ b/2ch/22/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The reader should understand that Hazael did not fight alone, but that he took h # Hazael This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/22/06.md b/2ch/22/06.md index 54da5bd2fe..e0863c482e 100644 --- a/2ch/22/06.md +++ b/2ch/22/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # went down to Jezreel Jezreel was lower in elevation than Jerusalem. - diff --git a/2ch/22/07.md b/2ch/22/07.md index 6ab04d4108..36844f5806 100644 --- a/2ch/22/07.md +++ b/2ch/22/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the house of Ahab The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate translation: "the descendants of Ahab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/22/08.md b/2ch/22/08.md index 1b50accf67..7784729cfa 100644 --- a/2ch/22/08.md +++ b/2ch/22/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to killing the descendants of Ahab. Alternate translation: "killing # the sons of Ahaziah's brothers Possible meanings are 1) Ahaziah's nephews or 2) the sons of Ahaziah's relatives . - diff --git a/2ch/22/09.md b/2ch/22/09.md index d732e98446..4ffc01790a 100644 --- a/2ch/22/09.md +++ b/2ch/22/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They honored him enough to bury his body because he was the descendant of Jehosh # the house of Ahaziah had no more power to rule the kingdom Here "house of Ahaziah" is a metonym that refers to Ahaziah's descendants. Here "power to rule" is a metonym for a king. Since all the adult descendants of Ahaziah were dead, there was no one left to rule Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/22/10.md b/2ch/22/10.md index 181a54e9f6..56c4c996e8 100644 --- a/2ch/22/10.md +++ b/2ch/22/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers only to the males, because they could become king. Verse 11 confirms # the house of Judah The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case, it refers to the kingdom of Judah. Alternate translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/22/11.md b/2ch/22/11.md index 6929133ed5..6de8c44927 100644 --- a/2ch/22/11.md +++ b/2ch/22/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Verse 12 makes it clear that this bedroom was located in the temple. Jehosheba c # Jehoiada This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/22/12.md b/2ch/22/12.md index cdad033171..9d5bdd9f68 100644 --- a/2ch/22/12.md +++ b/2ch/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He was with them "Joash was with Jehosheba and Jehoiada" - diff --git a/2ch/22/intro.md b/2ch/22/intro.md index eb26efeb36..5dd532731e 100644 --- a/2ch/22/intro.md +++ b/2ch/22/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # 2 Chronicles 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is the beginning of the story of Queen Athaliah. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor The author compares Athaliah's evil deeds to Ahab's family's evil lives: "walked in the ways of the house of Ahab." Ahab is pictured as the epitome of evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The author compares Athaliah's evil deeds to Ahab's family's evil lives: "walked * __[2 Chronicles 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/23/01.md b/2ch/23/01.md index 257a5c14ed..d14606dca8 100644 --- a/2ch/23/01.md +++ b/2ch/23/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ These five men were the commanders of hundreds of soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # Jeroham ... Jehohanan ... Obed ... Adaiah ... Zikri These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/02.md b/2ch/23/02.md index dbe5c03077..20c4a06ab6 100644 --- a/2ch/23/02.md +++ b/2ch/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the heads of the families Here "heads" is a metaphor for the most important part. Alternate translation: "leaders of the families" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/03.md b/2ch/23/03.md index 0f4f40a8ee..854f269321 100644 --- a/2ch/23/03.md +++ b/2ch/23/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the king's son Here, "king" refers to Joash's father. Alternate translation: "Joash, the son of the king" - diff --git a/2ch/23/04.md b/2ch/23/04.md index c7ab51a2e5..a96cf7ac32 100644 --- a/2ch/23/04.md +++ b/2ch/23/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will be guards at the doors "will be guards at the temple doors" - diff --git a/2ch/23/05.md b/2ch/23/05.md index 9b0ef9ffaa..537ae1b2a4 100644 --- a/2ch/23/05.md +++ b/2ch/23/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This gate may have also been called the "Middle Gate" or the "Sur Gate." It was # All the people This is a generalization that refers to all the people who are present. Alternate translation: "All the other people who are present" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/06.md b/2ch/23/06.md index 12db99866d..ee94d227f2 100644 --- a/2ch/23/06.md +++ b/2ch/23/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that the priests and Levites were the only peopl # But all the other people must obey the commands of Yahweh It may be helpful to state that command. Alternate translation: "All the others must remain in the courtyard, obeying what Yahweh has commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/07.md b/2ch/23/07.md index 1f32d4be24..0e7e9ca8b9 100644 --- a/2ch/23/07.md +++ b/2ch/23/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This did not include the temple guards and the priests. This can be stated expli # when he comes in and when he goes out Possible meanings are 1) "at all times" or 2) "wherever he goes." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/08.md b/2ch/23/08.md index a719aa3582..f0175459b8 100644 --- a/2ch/23/08.md +++ b/2ch/23/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The priests and guards served in divisions, with each group working for two week # were to leave off serving on the Sabbath "were finishing their work on that Sabbath day" - diff --git a/2ch/23/09.md b/2ch/23/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/23/09.md +++ b/2ch/23/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/23/10.md b/2ch/23/10.md index 4bde0d40fb..d278083eda 100644 --- a/2ch/23/10.md +++ b/2ch/23/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Throughout chapter 23, Joash is referred to as "the king." It may be helpful to # with his weapon in his hand This means they were ready to fight. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Chronicles 23:7](../23/07.md). - diff --git a/2ch/23/11.md b/2ch/23/11.md index d28e9d2e97..df51261535 100644 --- a/2ch/23/11.md +++ b/2ch/23/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was a symbolic act to show that he was chosen by God to be the king. (See: # Long live the king "May the king live a long life" - diff --git a/2ch/23/12.md b/2ch/23/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/23/12.md +++ b/2ch/23/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/23/13.md b/2ch/23/13.md index 1213765876..b878cc4881 100644 --- a/2ch/23/13.md +++ b/2ch/23/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was a symbolic action to show her great distress. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # Treason! Treason! Treason is acting to overthrow the government. Athaliah had killed the legitimate heirs of the king and made herself ruler in [2 Chronicles 22:10](../22/10.md). She was angry that Joash became king in her place. The exclamation is repeated for emphasis. Alternate translation: "You are committing treason!" - diff --git a/2ch/23/14.md b/2ch/23/14.md index f4511e147d..232bca63da 100644 --- a/2ch/23/14.md +++ b/2ch/23/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. It is implied that people who followed her wo # For the priest had said "For Jehoiada the priest had said" - diff --git a/2ch/23/15.md b/2ch/23/15.md index 948ee2b8fb..87758effe6 100644 --- a/2ch/23/15.md +++ b/2ch/23/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some versions have "and took her to the Horse Gate near the entrance of the king # the king's house "the royal palace" - diff --git a/2ch/23/16.md b/2ch/23/16.md index 2a8750700c..3c5f756e97 100644 --- a/2ch/23/16.md +++ b/2ch/23/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Throughout chapter 23, Joash is referred to as "the king." It may be helpful to your readers to occasionally add "King Joash" or "Joash the king" to make his identity explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/17.md b/2ch/23/17.md index 669571ccd5..01c614ebef 100644 --- a/2ch/23/17.md +++ b/2ch/23/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a generalization that means a large group of the people did this. Altern # Mattan This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/18.md b/2ch/23/18.md index 5e1ec346cc..bb7e722450 100644 --- a/2ch/23/18.md +++ b/2ch/23/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # under the hand of the priests Here "hand" represents control. Alternate translation: "under the direction of the priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/19.md b/2ch/23/19.md index 477980ff86..3744ab24aa 100644 --- a/2ch/23/19.md +++ b/2ch/23/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if they were p # so that no one that was unclean in any way should enter This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "to make sure that only those who were clean could enter" or "to make sure only those who were acceptable to God could enter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/20.md b/2ch/23/20.md index 9d25bdc47f..cf16213b86 100644 --- a/2ch/23/20.md +++ b/2ch/23/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The temple was built on the highest hill in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "H # the throne of the kingdom "the royal throne" - diff --git a/2ch/23/21.md b/2ch/23/21.md index 4947639a66..9b6d9a0d7e 100644 --- a/2ch/23/21.md +++ b/2ch/23/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is generalization to say that most of the people rejoiced. (See: [[rc://en/ # the city was quiet Here "the city" represents the people of the city, and "quiet" represents peace, since no one opposed Joash after Athaliah died. Alternate translation: "the people of the city were at peace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/23/intro.md b/2ch/23/intro.md index 24411f4b03..2c3c40bc77 100644 --- a/2ch/23/intro.md +++ b/2ch/23/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The chapter ends the story of Queen Athaliah and begins the story of King Joash. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Having a king -#### Having a king The high priest organized a coup and made seven-year-old Joash king. Athaliah objected, so the chief priest had her killed. This was an attempt by the priests to fulfill the covenant God made with David. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The high priest organized a coup and made seven-year-old Joash king. Athaliah ob * __[2 Chronicles 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/24/01.md b/2ch/24/01.md index f1d6af54e6..023669e52c 100644 --- a/2ch/24/01.md +++ b/2ch/24/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Zibiah This is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/02.md b/2ch/24/02.md index b0bf48bb0b..bc2034d8dc 100644 --- a/2ch/24/02.md +++ b/2ch/24/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "eyes" here represents seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh s # all the days of Jehoiada, the priest This idiom means "as long as Jehoiada, the priest, was alive." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/03.md b/2ch/24/03.md index f06e14a9ee..f36f2a79eb 100644 --- a/2ch/24/03.md +++ b/2ch/24/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jehoiada took for him two wives "Jehoiada chose two wives for Joash" - diff --git a/2ch/24/04.md b/2ch/24/04.md index 8e1b3c1b83..23b779e5a6 100644 --- a/2ch/24/04.md +++ b/2ch/24/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It came about after this This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/2ch/24/05.md b/2ch/24/05.md index 5902f69272..92339abafe 100644 --- a/2ch/24/05.md +++ b/2ch/24/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The Levites did nothing at first It may be helpful to add "but" to show that the Levites did not obey. Alternate translation: "But the Levites did not do it immediately" - diff --git a/2ch/24/06.md b/2ch/24/06.md index 5be622e149..7ed7b63254 100644 --- a/2ch/24/06.md +++ b/2ch/24/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ King Joash asks this rhetorical question to accuse Jehoiada of not doing his dut # for the tent of the covenant decrees Although it refers to the temple that Solomon built, it is a reminder that this tax has been collected since the time of Moses and the "tent of meeting." - diff --git a/2ch/24/07.md b/2ch/24/07.md index 6e5607b265..8d4ec8a1c5 100644 --- a/2ch/24/07.md +++ b/2ch/24/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the items used for worship in the temple. # to the Baals "to people to use for the worship of idols of Baal" - diff --git a/2ch/24/08.md b/2ch/24/08.md index f6aac85fec..2cea6e1c51 100644 --- a/2ch/24/08.md +++ b/2ch/24/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a chest a large wooden box - diff --git a/2ch/24/09.md b/2ch/24/09.md index 25b3c2742b..27dffe4b9f 100644 --- a/2ch/24/09.md +++ b/2ch/24/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they made a proclamation "they proclaimed" or "they announced" - diff --git a/2ch/24/10.md b/2ch/24/10.md index a636c5c74f..72356b20d4 100644 --- a/2ch/24/10.md +++ b/2ch/24/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the leaders and all the people This is a generalization. Some people probably did not respond this way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/11.md b/2ch/24/11.md index 88b833a50c..1996bf9d45 100644 --- a/2ch/24/11.md +++ b/2ch/24/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase introduces a new, recurring action. If your language has a way to no # take it and carry it back to its place "take the chest and carry it back to its place" - diff --git a/2ch/24/12.md b/2ch/24/12.md index cbb96d1494..8aff857244 100644 --- a/2ch/24/12.md +++ b/2ch/24/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # those who worked in iron and bronze "men who made things from iron and bronze" - diff --git a/2ch/24/13.md b/2ch/24/13.md index f28aa40849..6c1cde6f34 100644 --- a/2ch/24/13.md +++ b/2ch/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went forward in their hands Here the word "forward" represents progress, and the word "hands" represents their control. Alternate translation: "made progress under their supervision" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/14.md b/2ch/24/14.md index 0aea461767..11b305aec4 100644 --- a/2ch/24/14.md +++ b/2ch/24/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the "utensils" and "spoons" listed later in the verse. # for all the days of Jehoiada This idiom refers to the lifespan of Jehoiada. Alternate translation: "for as long as Jehoiada lived" or "throughout the lifetime of Jehoiada" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/15.md b/2ch/24/15.md index a221e4a2c1..96739b3eab 100644 --- a/2ch/24/15.md +++ b/2ch/24/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means he lived a long time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # 130 years old "one hundred and thirty years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/16.md b/2ch/24/16.md index 00f1fb9a1a..0685b4a20e 100644 --- a/2ch/24/16.md +++ b/2ch/24/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because he had done good in Israel, toward God, and to the house of God The nominal adjective "good" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "because he had done good things in Judah for God and for God's temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/17.md b/2ch/24/17.md index abd935dec8..8118822948 100644 --- a/2ch/24/17.md +++ b/2ch/24/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Then the king listened to them The following verse indicates that they wanted the king to serve idols instead of Yahweh, and he agreed. Alternate translation: "Then they persuaded the king to do what they wanted" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/18.md b/2ch/24/18.md index 48b5881bab..74084a797a 100644 --- a/2ch/24/18.md +++ b/2ch/24/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's anger is spoken of as something that covered over Judah and Jerusalem. Her # for this guilt of theirs "because they were guilty of sin" - diff --git a/2ch/24/19.md b/2ch/24/19.md index e6626f5621..88cdfe7d69 100644 --- a/2ch/24/19.md +++ b/2ch/24/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The reflexive pronoun emphasizes that Yahweh was the one to whom they should tur # they refused to listen "the people refused to obey" - diff --git a/2ch/24/20.md b/2ch/24/20.md index dd78da3afc..08225d156d 100644 --- a/2ch/24/20.md +++ b/2ch/24/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was not the same man as Zechariah son of Berechiah who wrote the Book of Ze # Why do you transgress the commandments of Yahweh, so that you cannot prosper? Zechariah asked this rhetorical question to rebuke the people. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You are transgressing the commandments of Yahweh, so that is why you cannot prosper." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/21.md b/2ch/24/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/24/21.md +++ b/2ch/24/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/24/22.md b/2ch/24/22.md index 0fb9fd6653..eb547693d4 100644 --- a/2ch/24/22.md +++ b/2ch/24/22.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ "did not pay attention to the way that Jehoiada, Zechariah's father, had been kind to him" # to him + Here "him" refers to Joash. # call you to account "make you pay for the wrong you have done" - diff --git a/2ch/24/23.md b/2ch/24/23.md index c6ae2bd7ce..b5a008e79b 100644 --- a/2ch/24/23.md +++ b/2ch/24/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # sent all the plunder from them "sent all the plunder from Judah and Jerusalem" - diff --git a/2ch/24/24.md b/2ch/24/24.md index 7a34b1e0d1..777e39d31c 100644 --- a/2ch/24/24.md +++ b/2ch/24/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # In this way the Arameans brought judgment on Joash This refers to God's judgment. This can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "In this way God used the Arameans to judge Joash" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/25.md b/2ch/24/25.md index e9ffb78abe..4dcfa208b1 100644 --- a/2ch/24/25.md +++ b/2ch/24/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "blood" here is a metaphor for innocent life and a metonym for the murd # They killed him in his bed "The servants killed Joash in his bed" - diff --git a/2ch/24/26.md b/2ch/24/26.md index 5475025678..330ed03cef 100644 --- a/2ch/24/26.md +++ b/2ch/24/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Shimeath, an Ammonite woman ... Shimrith, a Moabite woman "Shimeath, from the country of Ammon ... Shimrith, from the country of Moab." These are the names of two women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/24/27.md b/2ch/24/27.md index 8662c29941..72ecdf71fa 100644 --- a/2ch/24/27.md +++ b/2ch/24/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "see" alerts the reader to pay special attention to the information that fo # the commentary on the book of the kings This is a book which no longer exists. - diff --git a/2ch/24/intro.md b/2ch/24/intro.md index c524fbf12c..7c07a9e76f 100644 --- a/2ch/24/intro.md +++ b/2ch/24/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # 2 Chronicles 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of King Joash is completed in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Joash repairs the temple +### Joash repairs the temple Joash decided to repair the temple. The Levites collected money from people and gave it to the workmen to repair the temple. This was a sign of worship towards Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]]) -#### Joash becomes evil +### Joash becomes evil When Joash stopped worshiping Yahweh, he had many troubles. Joash remaind loyal to Yahweh as long as the chief priest lived, but when the chief priest died Joash started following other gods. The chief priest's son warned him that he would have trouble, so he had him killed. The army of Aram defeated and plundered him and his servants murdered him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ When Joash stopped worshiping Yahweh, he had many troubles. Joash remaind loyal * __[2 Chronicles 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/25/01.md b/2ch/25/01.md index ad03c37321..74f6da4f6a 100644 --- a/2ch/25/01.md +++ b/2ch/25/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jehoaddan This is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/02.md b/2ch/25/02.md index 20656a01a5..c120c6aea9 100644 --- a/2ch/25/02.md +++ b/2ch/25/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "eyes" represents sight, and sight represents Yahweh's judgment or # but not with a whole heart Here the phrase "whole heart" is an idiom that means "completely." Alternate translation: "but not completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/03.md b/2ch/25/03.md index e82afb1d88..dab33e14b1 100644 --- a/2ch/25/03.md +++ b/2ch/25/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It came about that This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/2ch/25/04.md b/2ch/25/04.md index 47700d366a..ab78843679 100644 --- a/2ch/25/04.md +++ b/2ch/25/04.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ This refers to the book of Deuteronomy, which Moses wrote. # The fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers -This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People must not kill the fathers for the sins of their children, and they must not kill the children for the sins of their fathers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) \ No newline at end of file +This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People must not kill the fathers for the sins of their children, and they must not kill the children for the sins of their fathers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/2ch/25/05.md b/2ch/25/05.md index 1af82159b7..56a80fecd7 100644 --- a/2ch/25/05.md +++ b/2ch/25/05.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Here numbers that were larger than twenty are spoken of as if they were higher. # chosen men "capable soldiers" or "skilled warriors" - diff --git a/2ch/25/06.md b/2ch/25/06.md index 775a1bb721..4cc9712fb4 100644 --- a/2ch/25/06.md +++ b/2ch/25/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # one hundred talents of silver "100 talents of silver." You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "about thirty-three hundred kilograms of silver" or "about 3,300 kilograms of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/07.md b/2ch/25/07.md index f9a8beac0e..e8f6e5e9a6 100644 --- a/2ch/25/07.md +++ b/2ch/25/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Israel ... the people of Ephraim These are two names for the same group people. - diff --git a/2ch/25/08.md b/2ch/25/08.md index 6213c8cde0..ccdafd8207 100644 --- a/2ch/25/08.md +++ b/2ch/25/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # throw you down before the enemy ... throw down Here the prophet speaks of military defeat as if the king would be thrown down on the ground. Alternate translation: "enable your enemy to defeat you ... defeat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/09.md b/2ch/25/09.md index d80528785d..d1c2e02b4c 100644 --- a/2ch/25/09.md +++ b/2ch/25/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about the one hundred talents You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "about the thirty-three hundred kilograms of silver" or "about the 3,300 kilograms of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/10.md b/2ch/25/10.md index e83bfeb91f..98b5d40b65 100644 --- a/2ch/25/10.md +++ b/2ch/25/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the increase in their anger is spoken of as if it were a growing fire insid # in fierce anger "very angry" - diff --git a/2ch/25/11.md b/2ch/25/11.md index 0a02fcaaa0..d3bc83211d 100644 --- a/2ch/25/11.md +++ b/2ch/25/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an area near the Dead Sea. # ten thousand men "10,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/12.md b/2ch/25/12.md index 80a1a8e310..8633850a1f 100644 --- a/2ch/25/12.md +++ b/2ch/25/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so that they were all broken in pieces This is an exaggeration to emphasize the thoroughness of the slaughter. Alternate translation: "so that they were all completely destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/13.md b/2ch/25/13.md index ecaa05a297..f80c184e89 100644 --- a/2ch/25/13.md +++ b/2ch/25/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "struck down" is an idiom that means they killed them. Alternate translatio # took much plunder "took away a great amount of valuable things" - diff --git a/2ch/25/14.md b/2ch/25/14.md index fefc6b41cc..1eea4a648b 100644 --- a/2ch/25/14.md +++ b/2ch/25/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are symbolic acts of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symacti # the gods This expresses the popular opinion of the day that the gods determined who won battles. - diff --git a/2ch/25/15.md b/2ch/25/15.md index 0207022615..a06ad9cf44 100644 --- a/2ch/25/15.md +++ b/2ch/25/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophet uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Amaziah for worshiping the p # the gods ... who did not even save their own people This expresses the popular opinion of the day that the gods determined who won battles. - diff --git a/2ch/25/16.md b/2ch/25/16.md index 774688a527..6f6657e8e1 100644 --- a/2ch/25/16.md +++ b/2ch/25/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king used these rhetorical questions to rebuke the prophet for speaking agai # you have done this deed This refers back to Amaziah worshiping the gods of the Edomites in [2 Chronicles 25:14](../25/14.md). - diff --git a/2ch/25/17.md b/2ch/25/17.md index 7488681123..130be58489 100644 --- a/2ch/25/17.md +++ b/2ch/25/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # meet each other face to face This idiom means they would both be there in person, rather than communicating through messages or other people. Alternate translation: "meet each other in person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/18.md b/2ch/25/18.md index 135bed343b..7f5db71af4 100644 --- a/2ch/25/18.md +++ b/2ch/25/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a very large type of tree # Judah Here "Judah" is a metonym for the people who lived in Judah. Alternate translation: "the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/19.md b/2ch/25/19.md index 35021395af..c39c18949b 100644 --- a/2ch/25/19.md +++ b/2ch/25/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jehoash used this rhetorical question to warn Amaziah not to fight with him. It # fall Here "fall" is a euphemism for "die." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/20.md b/2ch/25/20.md index c96106245e..046505cdb7 100644 --- a/2ch/25/20.md +++ b/2ch/25/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # into the hand of their enemies Here "hand" refers to power to defeat. Alternate translation: "into the power of their enemies" or "so their enemies could defeat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/21.md b/2ch/25/21.md index e584ab51b3..991feb631f 100644 --- a/2ch/25/21.md +++ b/2ch/25/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom means they were both at the battle in person, rather than only sendin # Beth Shemesh, which belongs to Judah The city of Beth Shemesh was located in Judah. - diff --git a/2ch/25/23.md b/2ch/25/23.md index 9130752ff0..e93e533cc3 100644 --- a/2ch/25/23.md +++ b/2ch/25/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # four hundred cubits in distance A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "400 cubits in distance" or "a length of 180 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/24.md b/2ch/25/24.md index e64ce6e054..c54968a320 100644 --- a/2ch/25/24.md +++ b/2ch/25/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Obed-Edom" refers to this man's descendants. Alternate translation: "under # the king's house "the royal palace" - diff --git a/2ch/25/25.md b/2ch/25/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/25/25.md +++ b/2ch/25/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/25/26.md b/2ch/25/26.md index 2f821c8135..ea888cdbd7 100644 --- a/2ch/25/26.md +++ b/2ch/25/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This alerts the reader to pay special attention to the truth of what follows. # the book of the kings of Judah and Israel This refers to a book that no longer exists. - diff --git a/2ch/25/27.md b/2ch/25/27.md index 01b2bbee3e..90fe4d91a0 100644 --- a/2ch/25/27.md +++ b/2ch/25/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "conspiracy" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation # Lachish a city in Judah (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/25/28.md b/2ch/25/28.md index 5a8853c051..8d7febb612 100644 --- a/2ch/25/28.md +++ b/2ch/25/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The text does not state to whom the word "They" refers. Retain the generic "they # city of Judah This was another name for Jerusalem, which was also called the city of David. - diff --git a/2ch/25/intro.md b/2ch/25/intro.md index 18de9d0fb1..fc48e638f4 100644 --- a/2ch/25/intro.md +++ b/2ch/25/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # 2 Chronicles 25 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Worshiping other gods +### Worshiping other gods When Amaziah trusted God he was successful against Edom. But when he started worshiping the idols of Edom he was badly defeated. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ When Amaziah trusted God he was successful against Edom. But when he started wor * __[2 Chronicles 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/26/01.md b/2ch/26/01.md index 3b2f7380f3..98dec8d557 100644 --- a/2ch/26/01.md +++ b/2ch/26/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "All" is a generalization. Some people may not have wanted him to be ki # sixteen "16" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/02.md b/2ch/26/02.md index fea617078c..f9c71d1eab 100644 --- a/2ch/26/02.md +++ b/2ch/26/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a city in Judah (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # lay down with his ancestors This is a polite way to say he died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/03.md b/2ch/26/03.md index 6d9304be0d..3bd9721259 100644 --- a/2ch/26/03.md +++ b/2ch/26/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sixteen ... fifty-two "16 ... 52" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/04.md b/2ch/26/04.md index ff51b20b6e..f736bc8d40 100644 --- a/2ch/26/04.md +++ b/2ch/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Chronicles 14:2](../14/02.md). Alternate translation: "what Yahweh judges to be right" or "what Yahweh considers to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/05.md b/2ch/26/05.md index 7f48298238..286678eec6 100644 --- a/2ch/26/05.md +++ b/2ch/26/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "the days of Zechariah" is a metonym referring to the time period during wh # sought Yahweh Seeking Yahweh represents choosing to know, worship, and obey him. Alternate translation: "chose to obey Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/06.md b/2ch/26/06.md index 7e532e210f..f23e270552 100644 --- a/2ch/26/06.md +++ b/2ch/26/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a town in northern Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the country of Ashdod "the country surrounding Ashdod" or "near Ashdod" - diff --git a/2ch/26/07.md b/2ch/26/07.md index a7a82aa349..c1b5d40924 100644 --- a/2ch/26/07.md +++ b/2ch/26/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a town in Arabia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Meunites This is likely people who moved to that area from the kingdom of Maon near Mount Seir. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/08.md b/2ch/26/08.md index 36fe4c1009..9b3d624b96 100644 --- a/2ch/26/08.md +++ b/2ch/26/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his fame spread, even to the entrance of Egypt His fame spreading is a metaphor for people in various places learning about him. Alternate translation: "people who lived even as far away as the border of Egypt learned about the things he was doing" - diff --git a/2ch/26/09.md b/2ch/26/09.md index c55e5696ee..07f09eeb6e 100644 --- a/2ch/26/09.md +++ b/2ch/26/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Uzziah built towers Here "Uzziah" represents the workers he had commanded to build the towers. Alternate translation: "Uzziah had his workers build towers" or "Uzziah's workers built towers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/11.md b/2ch/26/11.md index 4fc60a1ec1..4ac8967cbc 100644 --- a/2ch/26/11.md +++ b/2ch/26/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeiel ... Maaseiah, the officer ... Hananiah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/12.md b/2ch/26/12.md index 02c4c9e272..32bc454e49 100644 --- a/2ch/26/12.md +++ b/2ch/26/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 2,600 "two thousand six hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/13.md b/2ch/26/13.md index 9ad4fb6684..951ff029ec 100644 --- a/2ch/26/13.md +++ b/2ch/26/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Under their hand was an army Here "their hand" represents their authority. Alternate translation: "Under their authority was an army" or "They commanded an army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/14.md b/2ch/26/14.md index d524c9d9d4..168c010486 100644 --- a/2ch/26/14.md +++ b/2ch/26/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A helmet is a protective head covering. # body armor This is a covering for the body made of metal links or chains. - diff --git a/2ch/26/15.md b/2ch/26/15.md index 53f5486e96..de6781ecbd 100644 --- a/2ch/26/15.md +++ b/2ch/26/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were the corners of the city walls where soldiers could fight from. # he was greatly helped This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God greatly helped him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/16.md b/2ch/26/16.md index 023c61af1e..b5f5e96e26 100644 --- a/2ch/26/16.md +++ b/2ch/26/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his heart was lifted up Here the heart being lifted up represents pride. Alternate translation: "he became proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/17.md b/2ch/26/17.md index 7c254231d3..ca2ab972f6 100644 --- a/2ch/26/17.md +++ b/2ch/26/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with him eighty priests of Yahweh, who were brave men The verb "went" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "with him went eighty priests of Yahweh, who were brave men" or "eighty priests of Yahweh, who were brave men, went with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/18.md b/2ch/26/18.md index c5864d22ca..b1a1c1bf56 100644 --- a/2ch/26/18.md +++ b/2ch/26/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who are consecrated to burn incense This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God has consecrated to burn incense" or "whom God has chosen to burn incense" - diff --git a/2ch/26/19.md b/2ch/26/19.md index 92105f1dcf..0135cb1171 100644 --- a/2ch/26/19.md +++ b/2ch/26/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # censer This is a special pan or bowl used for burning incense. - diff --git a/2ch/26/20.md b/2ch/26/20.md index a62b18c9f5..3db6142296 100644 --- a/2ch/26/20.md +++ b/2ch/26/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" here shows that the priests were surprised by what they saw. # Yahweh had struck him This speaks of Yahweh making him sick as if Yahweh had hit him. Alternate translation: "Yahweh had made him ill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/21.md b/2ch/26/21.md index 580df0f0b6..7d37d5ef6b 100644 --- a/2ch/26/21.md +++ b/2ch/26/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here being over something represents having responsibility or authority for it. # the king's house This refers to the king's palace, which the king was no longer living in. - diff --git a/2ch/26/22.md b/2ch/26/22.md index 79738f5ca8..e124584701 100644 --- a/2ch/26/22.md +++ b/2ch/26/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase represents the whole time of Uzziah's reign. Alternate translation: # Amoz This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/26/23.md b/2ch/26/23.md index 8d54bb9ee1..de083bb8bc 100644 --- a/2ch/26/23.md +++ b/2ch/26/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is polite way to say that he died. Alternate translation: "So Uzziah died" # Jotham, his son, became king in his place "Jotham, his son, became king after Uzziah" - diff --git a/2ch/26/intro.md b/2ch/26/intro.md index 8462e2b5fa..61060f5911 100644 --- a/2ch/26/intro.md +++ b/2ch/26/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 2 Chronicles 26 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Uzzah the leper -#### Uzzah the leper Uzzah was powerful when he followed Yahweh. When he entered the temple to burn incense like a priest, God made him a leper. Lepers could not properly worship Yahweh because they were always unclean. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Uzzah was powerful when he followed Yahweh. When he entered the temple to burn i * __[2 Chronicles 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/27/01.md b/2ch/27/01.md index dc1e759864..f677ba81f0 100644 --- a/2ch/27/01.md +++ b/2ch/27/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jerushah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/27/02.md b/2ch/27/02.md index da482fe894..d848e561a0 100644 --- a/2ch/27/02.md +++ b/2ch/27/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh saw and approved of Jotham's actions. See how you translated similar words in [2 Chronicles 14:2](../14/02.md). Alternate translation: "He did what Yahweh judged to be right" or "He did what Yahweh considered to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/27/03.md b/2ch/27/03.md index 7ea86f30c7..679d591aba 100644 --- a/2ch/27/03.md +++ b/2ch/27/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Since Jotham was king, he may have had his workers build these things. Alternate # the hill of Ophel This is a hill in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/27/04.md b/2ch/27/04.md index 6cbf61a3f0..648295f6e0 100644 --- a/2ch/27/04.md +++ b/2ch/27/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he built cities ... he built fortresses and towers Since Jotham was king, he may have had his workers build these things. Alternate translation: "he had his workers build cities ... he had his workers build fortresses and towers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/27/05.md b/2ch/27/05.md index 3849a57392..3ff18ba892 100644 --- a/2ch/27/05.md +++ b/2ch/27/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ You may convert this to a modern measure. The word translated here as "measure" # in the second and third years "in the second and third years after he defeated them" - diff --git a/2ch/27/06.md b/2ch/27/06.md index 70c36d80bd..ba6de97473 100644 --- a/2ch/27/06.md +++ b/2ch/27/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he walked firmly before Yahweh his God Jotham's actions and lifestyle are spoken of as if they were a path upon which he walked. That he walked firmly means that he was devoted to living in this way. Alternate translation: "he faithfully obeyed Yahweh his God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/27/07.md b/2ch/27/07.md index 09408b05ee..58844e6378 100644 --- a/2ch/27/07.md +++ b/2ch/27/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they are in the book" # the book of the kings of Israel and Judah This is a book that no longer exists. - diff --git a/2ch/27/08.md b/2ch/27/08.md index 061b42dd86..3172aa1897 100644 --- a/2ch/27/08.md +++ b/2ch/27/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-five years old ... sixteen years "25 years old ... 16 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/27/09.md b/2ch/27/09.md index a95d9597d1..93fd9040a4 100644 --- a/2ch/27/09.md +++ b/2ch/27/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "Jotham died # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Jotham" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/27/intro.md b/2ch/27/intro.md index 42fb8ee7f3..a0fa566cd5 100644 --- a/2ch/27/intro.md +++ b/2ch/27/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 2 Chronicles 27 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust in Yahweh -#### Trust in Yahweh Jotham was able to conquer the people of Ammon because he obeyed the Lord. For Yahweh, trust in Yahweh is the key to victory in battle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Jotham was able to conquer the people of Ammon because he obeyed the Lord. For Y * __[2 Chronicles 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/28/01.md b/2ch/28/01.md index 8e69b7e129..55f1c847fb 100644 --- a/2ch/28/01.md +++ b/2ch/28/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh saw and did not approve of Ahaz's actions. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 14:2](../14/02.md). Alternate translation: "what Yahweh judged to be right" or "what Yahweh considered to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/03.md b/2ch/28/03.md index eeaed87e55..cfb2002eb0 100644 --- a/2ch/28/03.md +++ b/2ch/28/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a valley in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # before the people of Israel The people of those nations fled as the people of Israel moved into the land. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "before the people of Israel who moved into the land" or "as the people of Israel moved into the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/04.md b/2ch/28/04.md index a4a80f24cc..9cb1027455 100644 --- a/2ch/28/04.md +++ b/2ch/28/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are places where the people of the other nations worshiped their false god # under every green tree God wanted his people to offer sacrifices to him in Jerusalem. The word "every" here is an exaggeration to show how determined King Ahaz was to disobey God by offering sacrifices in many other places instead. Alternate translation: "under many green trees" or "under many green trees around the country" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/05.md b/2ch/28/05.md index b9b5ef606f..925fbf5439 100644 --- a/2ch/28/05.md +++ b/2ch/28/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the metonym "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of the king of A # Ahaz was also given into the hand of the king of Israel who defeated him Here the metonym "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of the king of Israel to defeat Ahaz and his army is spoken of as if God had put Ahaz in the hand of the king of Israel. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh also enabled the king of Israel to defeat Ahaz" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/06.md b/2ch/28/06.md index 9846ade2eb..5ef45b438f 100644 --- a/2ch/28/06.md +++ b/2ch/28/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was the king of Israel. Both "Pekah" and "Remaliah" are the names of men. ( # 120,000 soldiers "one hundred twenty thousand soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/07.md b/2ch/28/07.md index 0e3119273a..2843787c59 100644 --- a/2ch/28/07.md +++ b/2ch/28/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to a mighty warrior. Alternate translation: "a migh # who was next to the king This idiom means that this man was the king's assistant who was second in command. Alternate translation: "who was the king's second in command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/08.md b/2ch/28/08.md index e56994df2d..291cade053 100644 --- a/2ch/28/08.md +++ b/2ch/28/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 200,000 wives, sons, and daughters "two hundred thousand wives, sons, and daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/09.md b/2ch/28/09.md index 77fdfb23dd..39355a92c7 100644 --- a/2ch/28/09.md +++ b/2ch/28/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of Israel to defeat # you have slaughtered them in a rage that reached up to heaven Oded speaks of Yahweh knowing how severely the army of Israel slaughtered the army of Judah as if the rage with which the army of Israel slaughtered them were an object so large that it reached into heaven. That Yahweh knows what they have done implies that he will respond. Alternate translation: "you have slaughtered them in such great rage that Yahweh himself has noticed and will take vengeance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/10.md b/2ch/28/10.md index b131c613ed..66907731a6 100644 --- a/2ch/28/10.md +++ b/2ch/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But are you not guilty of sins of your own against Yahweh your God? Oded asks this rhetorical question to rebuke the army of Israel and to emphasize the positive answer that the question anticipates. Alternate translation: "But you yourselves are guilty of sins of your own against Yahweh your God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/11.md b/2ch/28/11.md index 7f9204867e..b7933036c6 100644 --- a/2ch/28/11.md +++ b/2ch/28/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Oded speaks of Yahweh being extremely angry with the Israelite army as if Yahweh # burning anger See how you translated this phrase in [2 Chronicles 28:11](../28/11.md). - diff --git a/2ch/28/12.md b/2ch/28/12.md index 33df970277..8629e304db 100644 --- a/2ch/28/12.md +++ b/2ch/28/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # stood up against those who came back from the war The phrase "stood up against" is an idiom that means to confront or to oppose. Alternate translation: "confronted those who came back from the war" or "opposed those who came back from the war" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/13.md b/2ch/28/13.md index 91dcf1df0e..93fd5c4a5a 100644 --- a/2ch/28/13.md +++ b/2ch/28/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase implies that it is Yahweh's burning anger that is against Israel. Th # burning anger See how you translated this phrase in [2 Chronicles 28:11](../28/11.md). - diff --git a/2ch/28/14.md b/2ch/28/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/28/14.md +++ b/2ch/28/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/28/15.md b/2ch/28/15.md index 691964c7ec..d9cdde21ea 100644 --- a/2ch/28/15.md +++ b/2ch/28/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This probably means that they gave them oil to put on their wounds. # put the weak ones on donkeys "put the weak ones who were too weak to walk on donkeys" - diff --git a/2ch/28/16.md b/2ch/28/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/28/16.md +++ b/2ch/28/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/28/17.md b/2ch/28/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/28/17.md +++ b/2ch/28/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/28/18.md b/2ch/28/18.md index 953286840d..7b79cac3a0 100644 --- a/2ch/28/18.md +++ b/2ch/28/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Taking a city is an idiom that means to conquer or to capture the city. Alternat # Beth Shemesh, Aijalon, Gederoth, Soko ... Timnah ... Gimzo These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/19.md b/2ch/28/19.md index d5e14d24fb..dd307433a8 100644 --- a/2ch/28/19.md +++ b/2ch/28/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh humbled Judah because of Ahaz The name "Judah" is a metonym for the people who lived in the lind of Judah. Alternate translation: "Yahweh humiliated the people of Judah because of Ahaz" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/20.md b/2ch/28/20.md index 0a44d27e7a..c5890a1ed7 100644 --- a/2ch/28/20.md +++ b/2ch/28/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is Tiglath-Pileser III, also known as Pul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/trans # troubled him instead of strengthening him Helping Ahaz against his enemies is spoken of as if it were strengthening Ahaz. Alternate translation: "caused him trouble instead of helping him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/21.md b/2ch/28/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/28/21.md +++ b/2ch/28/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/28/22.md b/2ch/28/22.md index 639d7d78f0..c565b24277 100644 --- a/2ch/28/22.md +++ b/2ch/28/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in his time of suffering "when he was suffering" - diff --git a/2ch/28/23.md b/2ch/28/23.md index 88883107d5..3df9fab04f 100644 --- a/2ch/28/23.md +++ b/2ch/28/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "ruin" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "those god # all Israel Here "Israel" represents the southern kingdom of Judah. - diff --git a/2ch/28/24.md b/2ch/28/24.md index db13b50c72..83abd73cb5 100644 --- a/2ch/28/24.md +++ b/2ch/28/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the word "corner" refers to street corners, or places w # he made for himself altars Since Ahaz was king, he may have had his workers make these high places. Alternate translation: "he had his workers make altars for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/25.md b/2ch/28/25.md index aa277db57b..7692bf73c4 100644 --- a/2ch/28/25.md +++ b/2ch/28/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he made high places to burn sacrifices Since Ahaz was king, he may have had his workers make these high places. Alternate translation: "he had his workers make high places to burn sacrifices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/26.md b/2ch/28/26.md index 418b557e4d..20f3c8f6d0 100644 --- a/2ch/28/26.md +++ b/2ch/28/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone has written t # the book of the kings of Judah and Israel This is a book that no longer exists. - diff --git a/2ch/28/27.md b/2ch/28/27.md index e8b4f9a45c..7d960f1df1 100644 --- a/2ch/28/27.md +++ b/2ch/28/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "Ahaz died" # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Ahaz" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/28/intro.md b/2ch/28/intro.md index cb4146c8c9..db618f8245 100644 --- a/2ch/28/intro.md +++ b/2ch/28/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # 2 Chronicles 28 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### King Ahaz's idolatry +### King Ahaz's idolatry Judah was defeated by all of the neighboring countries because King Ahaz was worshiping all sorts of foreign gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Judah was defeated by all of the neighboring countries because King Ahaz was wor * __[2 Chronicles 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/29/01.md b/2ch/29/01.md index 4affa91369..1e507f36e8 100644 --- a/2ch/29/01.md +++ b/2ch/29/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abijah This is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/02.md b/2ch/29/02.md index a0c8039142..3b1e867166 100644 --- a/2ch/29/02.md +++ b/2ch/29/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The word "eyes" here represents seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh saw and approved of Hezekiah's actions. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Chronicles 14:1](../14/01.md). Alternate translation: "what Yahweh judged to be right" or "what Yahweh considered to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/03.md b/2ch/29/03.md index 75ea04ca59..c51f379fbb 100644 --- a/2ch/29/03.md +++ b/2ch/29/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple # Hezekiah opened the doors ... and repaired them Since Hezekiah was king, he may have had his workers do these things. Alternate translation: "Hezekiah ordered his workers to open the doors ... and to repair them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/04.md b/2ch/29/04.md index 159763c6a9..2bcdf3b082 100644 --- a/2ch/29/04.md +++ b/2ch/29/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the east side This refers to the east side of the temple. Alternate translation: "on the east side of the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/05.md b/2ch/29/05.md index 97737c130d..241de5b65f 100644 --- a/2ch/29/05.md +++ b/2ch/29/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # carry away the filthiness from the holy place The word "filthiness" refers to things that the people had used to worship other gods. The narrator speaks of these things making the temple unacceptable to Yahweh as if they were physically dirty. Alternate translation: "remove the things that defile the holy place" or "remove the things that make the holy place unacceptable to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/06.md b/2ch/29/06.md index d45d853d48..e76a2f1802 100644 --- a/2ch/29/06.md +++ b/2ch/29/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Rejecting Yahweh and no longer worshiping him is spoken of as if the people had # the place where Yahweh lives This refers to the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple where Yahweh lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/07.md b/2ch/29/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/29/07.md +++ b/2ch/29/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/29/08.md b/2ch/29/08.md index 33c809439c..b8bb548e68 100644 --- a/2ch/29/08.md +++ b/2ch/29/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: "something th # as you can see with your own eyes The phrase "with your own eyes" emphasizes that the people can see this for themselves without others having to tell them about it. Alternate translation: "as you can see for yourselves" - diff --git a/2ch/29/09.md b/2ch/29/09.md index 277fd2ef2d..df775b15e4 100644 --- a/2ch/29/09.md +++ b/2ch/29/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our fathers have fallen by the sword The idiom "fallen by the sword" means to die in battle. The word "sword" represents the soldiers, who used swords as their primary weapons. Alternate translation: "our fathers have died in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/10.md b/2ch/29/10.md index 53023fcb46..8a8009ac93 100644 --- a/2ch/29/10.md +++ b/2ch/29/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh turning his anger from them is spoken of as if the anger were a per # burning anger See how you translated this phrase in [2 Chronicles 28:11](../28/11.md). - diff --git a/2ch/29/11.md b/2ch/29/11.md index 0129a98965..0289741aa2 100644 --- a/2ch/29/11.md +++ b/2ch/29/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to stand before him Possible meanings are 1) "to stand in his presence" or 2) this is an idiom that means to serve a person of high rank. Alternate translation: "to serve him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/12.md b/2ch/29/12.md index b1f70ca8e4..54116dac4e 100644 --- a/2ch/29/12.md +++ b/2ch/29/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses list the names of the Levites who began to do the work that Hezekia # the Levites arose Here the word "arose" is an idiom that means that the Levites began to act. Alternate translation: "the Levites began to work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/13.md b/2ch/29/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/29/13.md +++ b/2ch/29/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/29/14.md b/2ch/29/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/29/14.md +++ b/2ch/29/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/29/15.md b/2ch/29/15.md index dd73610268..fae099b740 100644 --- a/2ch/29/15.md +++ b/2ch/29/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A place that is fit to be used for God's purposes is spoken of as if it were phy # the house of Yahweh Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/16.md b/2ch/29/16.md index 9a4c74495d..c098f7e573 100644 --- a/2ch/29/16.md +++ b/2ch/29/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "unclean" describes things that the people had used to worship other go # Kidron Brook A small body of water that flows on the east side of Jerusalem. At times it was used as a trash dump. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/17.md b/2ch/29/17.md index c01ac38930..b3affc3554 100644 --- a/2ch/29/17.md +++ b/2ch/29/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "the porch of Yahweh" refers to the porch of the temple. "They reache # sixteenth day of the first month This is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/18.md b/2ch/29/18.md index aec8793cb0..a2a4b30979 100644 --- a/2ch/29/18.md +++ b/2ch/29/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the bread of the presence This is a reference to the 12 loaves of bread that were placed in front of the altar. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 2:4](../02/04.md). - diff --git a/2ch/29/19.md b/2ch/29/19.md index 1ef49f2c6b..d70db9ab63 100644 --- a/2ch/29/19.md +++ b/2ch/29/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See, they are "Look at them. You can see for yourself that they are" - diff --git a/2ch/29/20.md b/2ch/29/20.md index 5336764049..c740c6ee6b 100644 --- a/2ch/29/20.md +++ b/2ch/29/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house of Yahweh The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/21.md b/2ch/29/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/29/21.md +++ b/2ch/29/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/29/22.md b/2ch/29/22.md index 514be8cd60..00310bcdf0 100644 --- a/2ch/29/22.md +++ b/2ch/29/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they killed the bulls, and the priests received the blood "the priests killed the bulls and took the blood" - diff --git a/2ch/29/23.md b/2ch/29/23.md index b8df79878c..619fc111a2 100644 --- a/2ch/29/23.md +++ b/2ch/29/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they laid their hands on them "the king and people in the assembly laid their hands on them" - diff --git a/2ch/29/24.md b/2ch/29/24.md index 6641dfdd90..deb13f77c9 100644 --- a/2ch/29/24.md +++ b/2ch/29/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that a burnt offering and a sin offering should be made for all Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the priests should make a burnt offering and a sin offering for all Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/25.md b/2ch/29/25.md index f2f1077d11..d0cd143f98 100644 --- a/2ch/29/25.md +++ b/2ch/29/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "command" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation # for the command was from Yahweh by means of his prophets The word "command" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh had commanded this through his prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/26.md b/2ch/29/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/29/26.md +++ b/2ch/29/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/29/27.md b/2ch/29/27.md index 11c4cad989..6f99760ef7 100644 --- a/2ch/29/27.md +++ b/2ch/29/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the song of Yahweh began also The phrase "the song of Yahweh" refers to people singing a song to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the people began to sing a song to Yahweh also" - diff --git a/2ch/29/28.md b/2ch/29/28.md index bedac88fee..1978cc6184 100644 --- a/2ch/29/28.md +++ b/2ch/29/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until the burnt offering was finished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until the priests finished offering the burnt offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/29.md b/2ch/29/29.md index 3382b801ac..5e35897f5b 100644 --- a/2ch/29/29.md +++ b/2ch/29/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bowed and worshiped The object of worship may be supplied in translation. Alternate translation: "bowed and worshiped Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/30.md b/2ch/29/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/29/30.md +++ b/2ch/29/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/29/31.md b/2ch/29/31.md index 05b747e574..8f8a332adc 100644 --- a/2ch/29/31.md +++ b/2ch/29/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple of Ya # who had a willing heart Here the word "heart" represents the person who was willing. Alternate translation: "who were willing" or "who desired" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/32.md b/2ch/29/32.md index 6feed7ce6e..661f9552ca 100644 --- a/2ch/29/32.md +++ b/2ch/29/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seventy bulls, one hundred rams, and two hundred male lambs "70 bulls, 100 rams, and 200 male lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/33.md b/2ch/29/33.md index be561fc8ec..e1a9868e34 100644 --- a/2ch/29/33.md +++ b/2ch/29/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # six hundred oxen and three thousand sheep "600 oxen and 3,000 sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/34.md b/2ch/29/34.md index 88ea831145..ee268a76f7 100644 --- a/2ch/29/34.md +++ b/2ch/29/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Since there were some priests who were already consecrated, this implies that mo # had been more careful to consecrate themselves There were enough Levites to do this work because they had been careful to consecrate themselves. This implies that the reason that there were not enough priests was because the priests were not careful to consecrate themselves. - diff --git a/2ch/29/35.md b/2ch/29/35.md index 9a80c445d2..09922e83e9 100644 --- a/2ch/29/35.md +++ b/2ch/29/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple of Ya # was set in order This idiom means that something is organized. Here it refers to the priestly service beginning in the temple again. Alternate translation: "was restored" or "began again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/36.md b/2ch/29/36.md index 4eece02d57..498e2005a7 100644 --- a/2ch/29/36.md +++ b/2ch/29/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the work had been done quickly This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people had done the work quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/29/intro.md b/2ch/29/intro.md index b8e85e86dd..c652a9a006 100644 --- a/2ch/29/intro.md +++ b/2ch/29/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # 2 Chronicles 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the story of King Hezekiah. (2 Chronicles 29-32) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Cleansing the temple +### Cleansing the temple King Hezekiah was a great king. He cleaned and rededicated the temple. This was a sign that he wanted the people to return to worshiping Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ King Hezekiah was a great king. He cleaned and rededicated the temple. This was * __[2 Chronicles 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/30/01.md b/2ch/30/01.md index b279ab758b..508ff76ffd 100644 --- a/2ch/30/01.md +++ b/2ch/30/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents the nation of Israel in general. Earlier the nation had been spl # Ephraim and Manasseh Ephraim and Manasseh were two of the tribes in the northern part of Israel. Here the phrase "Ephraim and Manasseh" refers to the people who belonged to all ten of the northern tribes of Israel. Alternate translation: "the northern tribes of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/02.md b/2ch/30/02.md index 2ddaa923cf..26dd9f2e4e 100644 --- a/2ch/30/02.md +++ b/2ch/30/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelites normally celebrated the passover during the first month of the He # second month This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/03.md b/2ch/30/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/30/03.md +++ b/2ch/30/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/30/04.md b/2ch/30/04.md index 32285ff188..d0efbcb93c 100644 --- a/2ch/30/04.md +++ b/2ch/30/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the proposal to celebrate the Passover in the second month instea # in the eyes of the king and of all the assembly The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "in the judgment of the king and all the assembly" or "to the king and all the assembly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/05.md b/2ch/30/05.md index 7cf7c762f6..2cb5c32bff 100644 --- a/2ch/30/05.md +++ b/2ch/30/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the most southern and most northern parts of Israel. By referring to t # according to what was written "as it was written that they should do." It is implied that it was written that they should observe the Passover with large numbers of people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Moses had written that they should observe it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/06.md b/2ch/30/06.md index a9b8f40483..6a9e183d30 100644 --- a/2ch/30/06.md +++ b/2ch/30/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "turn back to the remnant" represents protecting the remnant again. Alterna # who have escaped from the hand of the kings of Assyria The word "hand" often represents power or authority. Here it represents the kings' cruel authority to force people to go to other countries. Alternate translation: "who have escaped from the power of the kings of Assyria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/07.md b/2ch/30/07.md index 0d9aef2b1c..2a2163c8eb 100644 --- a/2ch/30/07.md +++ b/2ch/30/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "brothers" represents other people of Israel. Alternate translation: "your # he made them an object of horror The abstract noun "horror" can be expressed with the words "horrified" or "horrible." The author writes of what God did to their ancestors in terms of how other people would react when the saw what God did. Alternate translation: "he made them something that people would be horrified to see" or "he punished them horribly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/08.md b/2ch/30/08.md index b20a2f3dc1..4ca899f3d3 100644 --- a/2ch/30/08.md +++ b/2ch/30/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here Yahweh turning his anger from them is spoken of as if the anger were a per # burning anger See how you translated this phrase in [2 Chronicles 28:11](../28/11.md). - diff --git a/2ch/30/09.md b/2ch/30/09.md index bbab69baca..2532e597b5 100644 --- a/2ch/30/09.md +++ b/2ch/30/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "turn his face away from you" represents rejecting them and refusing to pro # if you return to him Here "return to him" represents submitting to God again. Alternate translation: "if you submit again to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/10.md b/2ch/30/10.md index f90a0b6c62..13725146ec 100644 --- a/2ch/30/10.md +++ b/2ch/30/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ephraim and Manasseh were two of the tribes in the northern part of Israel. Here # all the way to Zebulun Zebulun was one of the tribes farthest in the north of Israel, but there were three other tribes that reached farther north. - diff --git a/2ch/30/11.md b/2ch/30/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/30/11.md +++ b/2ch/30/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/30/12.md b/2ch/30/12.md index 8a81cf298a..d9b13a8ebe 100644 --- a/2ch/30/12.md +++ b/2ch/30/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "carry out the command" is an idiom meaning to do what was commanded. Alter # the command of the king and leaders by the word of Yahweh The phrase "by the word of Yahweh" shows that the king and leaders gave their command in obedience to the word of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the command that the king and leaders gave them in obedience to the word of Yahweh" or "what the king and the leaders commanded because of what Yahweh had said" - diff --git a/2ch/30/13.md b/2ch/30/13.md index 215343fae3..b181ec5c5b 100644 --- a/2ch/30/13.md +++ b/2ch/30/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the second month This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/14.md b/2ch/30/14.md index b964dc871f..bb7b4f3cf1 100644 --- a/2ch/30/14.md +++ b/2ch/30/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases refer to altars that people had built to false gods. # the Kidron Brook This was a small stream of water in the Kidron Valley. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/15.md b/2ch/30/15.md index aecbc82fe4..a3b5fda5b2 100644 --- a/2ch/30/15.md +++ b/2ch/30/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the fourteenth day of the second month This is near the beginning of May on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/16.md b/2ch/30/16.md index f7b4c83e93..12d3767a24 100644 --- a/2ch/30/16.md +++ b/2ch/30/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the blood that they received from the hand of the Levites This refers to the blood of the lambs that the Levites killed. Here "received from the hand of the Levites" is a metonym for the Levites giving the blood to the priests. Alternate translation: "the blood that they received from the Levites" or "the lambs' blood that the Levites gave to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/17.md b/2ch/30/17.md index ac3fa7877d..bf41e6fd81 100644 --- a/2ch/30/17.md +++ b/2ch/30/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Passover lambs "the lambs for the Passover" - diff --git a/2ch/30/18.md b/2ch/30/18.md index 5a9272f989..4d4d02b2e4 100644 --- a/2ch/30/18.md +++ b/2ch/30/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To do something "against" instructions means to do something that is not in obed # the good Yahweh The word "good" here is a reminder to the people that Yahweh is kind. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, who is good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/19.md b/2ch/30/19.md index eee547e898..9eb5300c25 100644 --- a/2ch/30/19.md +++ b/2ch/30/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who sets his heart to seek God This continues the sentence that begins with the word "everyone" in verse 18.Here "sets his heart" is a metaphor for being determined to do something, and "to seek God" is a metaphor for knowing, worshiping, and obeying him. "everyone who is determined to obey God" or "everyone who truly wants to honor God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/20.md b/2ch/30/20.md index f86857edf1..d0d9022127 100644 --- a/2ch/30/20.md +++ b/2ch/30/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This implies that Yahweh responded favorably to Hezekiah. Alternate translation: # healed the people Here "healed the people" is a metaphor for forgiving the people and not punishing them. Alternate translation: "forgave the people" or "did not punish the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/21.md b/2ch/30/21.md index 9495e100a1..6349ffadc9 100644 --- a/2ch/30/21.md +++ b/2ch/30/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "kept the festival" is a idiom meaning to participate in the festival or ce # singing with loud instruments to Yahweh "singing and playing loud musical instruments to Yahweh" - diff --git a/2ch/30/22.md b/2ch/30/22.md index ce47ef6ec2..0ce0adab9a 100644 --- a/2ch/30/22.md +++ b/2ch/30/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the people of Israel. # making confession to Yahweh Possible meanings are 1) "confession" here refers to saying that God is great. Alternate translation: "praising Yahweh" or 2) "confession" here refers to admitting their sins. Alternate translation: "confessing their sins to Yahweh" - diff --git a/2ch/30/23.md b/2ch/30/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/30/23.md +++ b/2ch/30/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/30/24.md b/2ch/30/24.md index 99b2c1aead..59b188dc67 100644 --- a/2ch/30/24.md +++ b/2ch/30/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hezekiah gave the animals to the people as an offering to the Lord for the peopl # one thousand bulls ... seven thousand sheep ... one thousand bulls ... ten thousand sheep and goats "1,000 bulls ... 7,000 sheep ... 1,000 bulls ... 10,000 sheep and goats" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/25.md b/2ch/30/25.md index 3c875aac45..baa97f3cd9 100644 --- a/2ch/30/25.md +++ b/2ch/30/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Israel" probably refers to the northern tribes of Israel. The people are m # the foreigners who came from the land of Israel Here "the land of Israel" probably refers to the land owned by the northern tribes of Israel. Alternate translation: "the foreigners who came from the land of Israel in the north" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/26.md b/2ch/30/26.md index eb27d37443..8ac446b053 100644 --- a/2ch/30/26.md +++ b/2ch/30/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # there had not been anything like it in Jerusalem "there had not been any Passover Festival in Jerusalem like this Passover Festival" - diff --git a/2ch/30/27.md b/2ch/30/27.md index 4c3df92050..07165ec29d 100644 --- a/2ch/30/27.md +++ b/2ch/30/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God heard their voice # their prayer went up to heaven Their prayer going up to heaven represents God in heaven paying attention to them praying on earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/30/intro.md b/2ch/30/intro.md index 772e020556..a4dedeecb0 100644 --- a/2ch/30/intro.md +++ b/2ch/30/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 30 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of Hezekiah continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Passover -#### Passover Hezekiah invited everyone in Judah and in Israel to come to Jerusalem and celebrate the Passover. It had not been celebrated since King Solomon's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Hezekiah invited everyone in Judah and in Israel to come to Jerusalem and celebr * __[2 Chronicles 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/31/01.md b/2ch/31/01.md index cc4b6af597..3a3ba110ce 100644 --- a/2ch/31/01.md +++ b/2ch/31/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to his own possession Here "possession" means possessions in general. Alternate translation: "to his own property" or "to his own home" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/02.md b/2ch/31/02.md index 2734f4734c..fdb62914af 100644 --- a/2ch/31/02.md +++ b/2ch/31/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hezekiah assigned the divisions of the priests and the Levites organized by their divisions, each man assigned to his work, both the priests and the Levites This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Hezekiah organized the priests and the Levites into groups. He assigned each priest and Levite to their duties" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/03.md b/2ch/31/03.md index 11f7a83026..e17c108916 100644 --- a/2ch/31/03.md +++ b/2ch/31/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to festivals which occur on specific dates. # as it was written in the law of Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "just as Moses wrote in the law of Yahweh" or "just as Yahweh commanded in his law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/04.md b/2ch/31/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/31/04.md +++ b/2ch/31/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/31/05.md b/2ch/31/05.md index 456b5fbfe3..8425cda0f1 100644 --- a/2ch/31/05.md +++ b/2ch/31/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can stated in active form. Alternate translation: "As soon as the people he # a tithe of everything "a tenth of all their crops" - diff --git a/2ch/31/06.md b/2ch/31/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/31/06.md +++ b/2ch/31/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/31/07.md b/2ch/31/07.md index 8467e87522..91a464d4e0 100644 --- a/2ch/31/07.md +++ b/2ch/31/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the third month of the Hebrew calendar. It is at the end of the harvest # seventh month This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. This is during the early rain season, which would soften the land for sowing. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/08.md b/2ch/31/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/31/08.md +++ b/2ch/31/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/31/09.md b/2ch/31/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/31/09.md +++ b/2ch/31/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/31/10.md b/2ch/31/10.md index 7f2848db33..b38599441c 100644 --- a/2ch/31/10.md +++ b/2ch/31/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "house" represents a family or descendants. Alternate translation: "a desce # What was left over is this large amount here The chief priest would have been pointing to the large heaps. - diff --git a/2ch/31/11.md b/2ch/31/11.md index a163578566..2cfdbbd7de 100644 --- a/2ch/31/11.md +++ b/2ch/31/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hezekiah commanded storerooms to be prepared This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Hezekiah commanded the priests and Levites to prepare storerooms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/12.md b/2ch/31/12.md index fff284cead..289624482a 100644 --- a/2ch/31/12.md +++ b/2ch/31/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Konaniah ... Shimei These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/13.md b/2ch/31/13.md index d529c2fc59..2bda8947c8 100644 --- a/2ch/31/13.md +++ b/2ch/31/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. The phrase "under the hand" is an idiom # the official over the house of God Here "over" is an idiom that means to be in charge of. Alternate translation: "the official in charge of everyone who served in the house of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/14.md b/2ch/31/14.md index 0aa5a3af6f..f400d24fd3 100644 --- a/2ch/31/14.md +++ b/2ch/31/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the porter at the east gate "the gatekeeper at the east gate of the temple" - diff --git a/2ch/31/15.md b/2ch/31/15.md index 70baf7d7f2..59785cc17b 100644 --- a/2ch/31/15.md +++ b/2ch/31/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "important" and "unimportant" are used together to mean "everyone." Alterna # the important and the unimportant This seems to imply the old and the young. This can be restated to removed the nominal adjectives. Alternate translation: "those who are old and those who are young" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/16.md b/2ch/31/16.md index d000648c3b..64bd3576d9 100644 --- a/2ch/31/16.md +++ b/2ch/31/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whose names were in t # as required by the daily schedule, to do the work in their offices and their divisions This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to do the daily work that they were supposed to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/17.md b/2ch/31/17.md index 4faf711ee3..35b06285aa 100644 --- a/2ch/31/17.md +++ b/2ch/31/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is understood they distributed the freewill offerings. Alternate translation: # twenty years old and more "20 years old and older" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/18.md b/2ch/31/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/31/18.md +++ b/2ch/31/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/31/19.md b/2ch/31/19.md index 809e19ff6f..c5c9168b3b 100644 --- a/2ch/31/19.md +++ b/2ch/31/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "there were men respon # to all who were recorded in the genealogies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to all whose names were in the records" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/20.md b/2ch/31/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/31/20.md +++ b/2ch/31/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/31/21.md b/2ch/31/21.md index 233d3146a2..e730052b54 100644 --- a/2ch/31/21.md +++ b/2ch/31/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Seeking Yahweh represents choosing to know, worship, and obey him. Alternate tra # he performed it with all his heart Here the word "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate translation: "he performed it with all his will" or "he was completely committed to what he did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/31/intro.md b/2ch/31/intro.md index 40c57ef45c..bfd61dd5fa 100644 --- a/2ch/31/intro.md +++ b/2ch/31/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # 2 Chronicles 31 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of King Hezekiah continues in this chapter. +The story of King Hezekiah continues in this chapter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idiom +### Idiom -To express Hezekiah's desire to please God, the author uses two idioms "to seek God" and "with all his heart." This means that he really wanted to do what God wanted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) +To express Hezekiah's desire to please God, the author uses two idioms "to seek God" and "with all his heart." This means that he really wanted to do what God wanted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) ## Links: * __[2 Chronicles 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/32/01.md b/2ch/32/01.md index f83bcaa401..e8ae081d6a 100644 --- a/2ch/32/01.md +++ b/2ch/32/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Sennacherib represents his army. Alternate translation: "Sennacherib, king # came and entered Judah Here "came" can be stated as "went." Alternate translation: "went and entered Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/02.md b/2ch/32/02.md index f1a1e9a76a..fbf27e772f 100644 --- a/2ch/32/02.md +++ b/2ch/32/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Sennacherib also represents his army. Alternate translation: "that Sennache # to fight against Jerusalem Here "Jerusalem" represents the people there. Alternate translation: "to fight against the people of Jerusalem" or "to fight against the army of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/03.md b/2ch/32/03.md index 4f9c205713..6cef997ec3 100644 --- a/2ch/32/03.md +++ b/2ch/32/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to stop up the waters of the springs that were outside the city The people of the city would fill up wells and fountain springs with earth and rocks, hiding the water from the Assyrians, but the people would cause the water to flow into the city through secret pathways. - diff --git a/2ch/32/04.md b/2ch/32/04.md index a4393fee7b..9abe0e851a 100644 --- a/2ch/32/04.md +++ b/2ch/32/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people use a rhetorical question to emphasize that they do not want the king # the kings of Assyria Possible meanings for "kings" are 1) this is an idiom that refers to the one king of Assyria. Alternate translation: "the king of Assyria" or 2) this may refer to the king and his other leaders. Alternate translation: "the king and the other leaders of Assyria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/05.md b/2ch/32/05.md index 50c12cb1c7..e43515ed3e 100644 --- a/2ch/32/05.md +++ b/2ch/32/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Hezekiah strengthened his position by commanding the pe # the Millo This is a part of the wall on the north side of Jerusalem. - diff --git a/2ch/32/06.md b/2ch/32/06.md index deff74ab31..8514330236 100644 --- a/2ch/32/06.md +++ b/2ch/32/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He placed military commanders over the people The idiom "place over" means to put in charge of. "He put military commanders in charge of the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/07.md b/2ch/32/07.md index e2d8592714..35cfb50df5 100644 --- a/2ch/32/07.md +++ b/2ch/32/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for someone is with us who is greater than those with him "for our God is with us and is more powerful than those with the king of Assyria" - diff --git a/2ch/32/08.md b/2ch/32/08.md index 36d19bab8b..2f9014c0f8 100644 --- a/2ch/32/08.md +++ b/2ch/32/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is only an arm of flesh Here "arm" represents strength, and "flesh" represents humanity. Alternate translation: "are only those with human power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/09.md b/2ch/32/09.md index a2854ebf84..47c7b29807 100644 --- a/2ch/32/09.md +++ b/2ch/32/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "now" is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the narrator # Lachish This was a city in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/10.md b/2ch/32/10.md index 8d9a9b4bb7..752e8ffbef 100644 --- a/2ch/32/10.md +++ b/2ch/32/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What are you trusting in so you can endure a siege in Jerusalem? Sennacherib uses a rhetorical question to cause the people to think about their situation. The question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "These people you are trusting in cannot make you able to endure a siege in Jerusalem." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/11.md b/2ch/32/11.md index 121b754012..de3d0706b1 100644 --- a/2ch/32/11.md +++ b/2ch/32/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Sennacherib uses a rhetorical question to cause the people of Jerusalem to think # from the hand of the king of Assyria Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "from the power of the king of Assyria" or "from the king of Assyria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/12.md b/2ch/32/12.md index df6c967ec3..d45a81c19b 100644 --- a/2ch/32/12.md +++ b/2ch/32/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Sennacherib uses a rhetorical question to cause the people of Jerusalem to think # commanded Judah and Jerusalem Here "Judah" and "Jerusalem" represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: "commanded the people of Judah and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/13.md b/2ch/32/13.md index ce83d20693..2bb60bab9f 100644 --- a/2ch/32/13.md +++ b/2ch/32/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Sennacherib uses a rhetorical question to cause the people of Jerusalem to think # Were the gods ... power? Sennacherib uses a rhetorical question to cause the people of Jerusalem to think about their situation. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "There was no god ... power!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/14.md b/2ch/32/14.md index 89b05ac09e..d50384092e 100644 --- a/2ch/32/14.md +++ b/2ch/32/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "from my power" # Why should your God be able ... power? Sennacherib uses a rhetorical question to cause the people of Jerusalem to think about their situation. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "There is no reason your God should be able ... power!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/15.md b/2ch/32/15.md index 702f6a5e58..81bf2cbc38 100644 --- a/2ch/32/15.md +++ b/2ch/32/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "now" is used to draw attention to the important point that follow # How much less will your God rescue you from my hand? Sennacherib uses a rhetorical question to cause the people of Jerusalem to think about their situation. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Your God will certainly not be able to rescue you from my hand!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/16.md b/2ch/32/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/32/16.md +++ b/2ch/32/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/32/17.md b/2ch/32/17.md index 80e0036bf6..ce61a460c3 100644 --- a/2ch/32/17.md +++ b/2ch/32/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # out of my hand Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "from my power" or "from me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/18.md b/2ch/32/18.md index 0c0ecc4c5a..675cb76428 100644 --- a/2ch/32/18.md +++ b/2ch/32/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of f # they might capture "the Assyrian army might capture" - diff --git a/2ch/32/19.md b/2ch/32/19.md index e5df468fc1..f12aef3b93 100644 --- a/2ch/32/19.md +++ b/2ch/32/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # which are merely the work of men's hands This emphasizes that humans made these idols with their own hands and are therefore worthless. Alternate translation: "which are merely idols that men have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/20.md b/2ch/32/20.md index 48d44b8013..e31a8b7c4a 100644 --- a/2ch/32/20.md +++ b/2ch/32/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cried out to heaven Here "heaven" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "cried to Yahweh for help" or "pleaded to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/21.md b/2ch/32/21.md index 866772fdb4..db92e88841 100644 --- a/2ch/32/21.md +++ b/2ch/32/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the house of his god "the temple of his god" - diff --git a/2ch/32/22.md b/2ch/32/22.md index adf600fb7e..5166407179 100644 --- a/2ch/32/22.md +++ b/2ch/32/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "from the power # gave them rest on every side The abstract noun "rest" can be translated as "peacefully." Alternate translation: "caused them to live peacefully with all the people of the nations around them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/23.md b/2ch/32/23.md index 668fc28a5e..02ae8373be 100644 --- a/2ch/32/23.md +++ b/2ch/32/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was lifted up in the eyes of all nations Here "lifted up" is an idiom that means to honor. Also, "in the eyes" is a metaphor that represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "the people of all the nations honored him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/24.md b/2ch/32/24.md index 971b955cf2..7367a6dc5f 100644 --- a/2ch/32/24.md +++ b/2ch/32/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that he would be healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that he would heal Hezekiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/25.md b/2ch/32/25.md index f25cd0c6de..c34a30c014 100644 --- a/2ch/32/25.md +++ b/2ch/32/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym that represents a person's inner being. Here "heart wa # So anger came on him, and on Judah and Jerusalem Yahweh becoming angry and punishing the people is spoken of as if "anger came on" them. "Judah" and "Jerusalem" are metonyms that represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: "So Yahweh became angry and punished him and the people of Judah and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/26.md b/2ch/32/26.md index 6e8c7f2436..d17c9fe3f0 100644 --- a/2ch/32/26.md +++ b/2ch/32/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # during Hezekiah's days "during Hezekiah's lifetime" or "during Hezekiah's reign as king" - diff --git a/2ch/32/27.md b/2ch/32/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/32/27.md +++ b/2ch/32/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/32/28.md b/2ch/32/28.md index d32f22c10d..2d920b2956 100644 --- a/2ch/32/28.md +++ b/2ch/32/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a small enclosure where horses are kept. See how you translated this in # pens a storage place for small animals - diff --git a/2ch/32/29.md b/2ch/32/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/32/29.md +++ b/2ch/32/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/32/30.md b/2ch/32/30.md index 1fac0c66c7..811f6f5013 100644 --- a/2ch/32/30.md +++ b/2ch/32/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The readers should understand that Hezekiah probably commanded other people to d # waters of Gihon This is the name of a stream near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/31.md b/2ch/32/31.md index c0f1b5409d..516bfa6426 100644 --- a/2ch/32/31.md +++ b/2ch/32/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the miracle that Yahw # to know all that was in his heart Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. Alternate translation: "to reveal Hezekiah's true character" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/32.md b/2ch/32/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/32/32.md +++ b/2ch/32/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/32/33.md b/2ch/32/33.md index f97901d43b..a841155bcb 100644 --- a/2ch/32/33.md +++ b/2ch/32/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hezekiah lay down with his ancestors This is a polite way of saying that he died. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 9:31](../09/31.md). Alternate translation: "Hezekiah died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ch/32/intro.md b/2ch/32/intro.md index 4a82a07b62..455e55ae33 100644 --- a/2ch/32/intro.md +++ b/2ch/32/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 32 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of King Hezekiah is completed in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust in Yahweh -#### Trust in Yahweh Because Hezekiah trusted God, God rescued Jerusalem from the attacked of the Assyrian army and healed Hezekiah when he was very sick. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Because Hezekiah trusted God, God rescued Jerusalem from the attacked of the Ass * __[2 Chronicles 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/33/01.md b/2ch/33/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/33/01.md +++ b/2ch/33/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/33/02.md b/2ch/33/02.md index d8bc6a76a9..762fd3567b 100644 --- a/2ch/33/02.md +++ b/2ch/33/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Yahweh's "sight" refers to how he judges or decides on the value of somethi # like the disgusting things Another possible meaning is "including the disgusting things." - diff --git a/2ch/33/03.md b/2ch/33/03.md index fdcd055531..52ecf01987 100644 --- a/2ch/33/03.md +++ b/2ch/33/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he rebuilt the high places ... he built altars ... he made Asherah poles Manasseh would have commanded his workers to do the building for him. Alternate translation: "he had the high places rebuilt ... he had altars built ... he had Asherah poles made" or "he had his workers rebuild the high places ... he had them build altars ... he had them make Asherah poles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/04.md b/2ch/33/04.md index 5ada59661b..21bc216823 100644 --- a/2ch/33/04.md +++ b/2ch/33/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is in Jerusalem that my name will be forever The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/05.md b/2ch/33/05.md index 6bd0a096f0..f2647ca8ab 100644 --- a/2ch/33/05.md +++ b/2ch/33/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He built altars for all the host of heaven in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh The word "host" is a metaphor for the stars, speaking of them as if they were an army. It is implied that Manasseh built these altars so people could make sacrifices and worship the stars. Also, he would not have built these altars himself, rather he would have commanded his workers to do it. Alternate translation: "He had his workers build altars in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh so that the people could worship the stars and offer them sacrifices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/06.md b/2ch/33/06.md index 56ba3f6f2c..1982c36221 100644 --- a/2ch/33/06.md +++ b/2ch/33/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh's "sight" refers to how he judges or decides on the value of somethi # he provoked him to anger "Manasseh made Yahweh very angry" - diff --git a/2ch/33/07.md b/2ch/33/07.md index 20d8bfd50a..6bad95d026 100644 --- a/2ch/33/07.md +++ b/2ch/33/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Manasseh probably did not do the work. His servants would have done the work. Al # that I will put my name forever Here God is represented by his "name." Alternate translation: "where I want people to worship me forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/08.md b/2ch/33/08.md index 97bba964d5..3f839a113a 100644 --- a/2ch/33/08.md +++ b/2ch/33/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that I assigned to their ancestors "that I gave to their ancestors" - diff --git a/2ch/33/09.md b/2ch/33/09.md index cdabba297c..8ac3367d88 100644 --- a/2ch/33/09.md +++ b/2ch/33/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Jerusalem" is a part of "Judah." Alternate translation: "the people of Jud # even more than the nations that Yahweh had destroyed before the people of Israel Here "nations" refers to the people who had lived in the land of Canaan before the Israelites had arrived. Alternate translation: "even more than the people whom Yahweh had destroyed as the people of Israel advanced through the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/10.md b/2ch/33/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/33/10.md +++ b/2ch/33/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/33/11.md b/2ch/33/11.md index b55c3f796f..0d69d388a6 100644 --- a/2ch/33/11.md +++ b/2ch/33/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The commanders were accompanied by their soldiers. Alternate translation: "the c # took Manasseh in chains, bound him with fetters, and took him off to Babylon Here Manasseh being taken as a prisoner is represented by him being bound by chains and fetters. Fetters were chains placed around the feet. Alternate translation: "seized Manasseh, bound him in chains, and took him as a prisoner to Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/12.md b/2ch/33/12.md index fb0e5cebb2..c3bd4925a9 100644 --- a/2ch/33/12.md +++ b/2ch/33/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # implored to beg for help - diff --git a/2ch/33/13.md b/2ch/33/13.md index d17b32a053..c4813fa6db 100644 --- a/2ch/33/13.md +++ b/2ch/33/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The second phrase intensifies the first phrase and emphasizes the earnestness of # into his kingship "to rule again as king" - diff --git a/2ch/33/14.md b/2ch/33/14.md index 72bcd65c02..672aed4553 100644 --- a/2ch/33/14.md +++ b/2ch/33/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Translate the name of this hill as you did in [2 Chronicles 27:3](../27/03.md). # the fortified cities This refers to cities with walls around them. - diff --git a/2ch/33/15.md b/2ch/33/15.md index ead13de84e..0d39ee1e30 100644 --- a/2ch/33/15.md +++ b/2ch/33/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Manasseh did not do the building and construction himself; rather, he commanded # the foreign gods "the false gods from other countries" - diff --git a/2ch/33/16.md b/2ch/33/16.md index 09a0d8da5a..0d8fce2782 100644 --- a/2ch/33/16.md +++ b/2ch/33/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Manasseh did not do the building and construction himself, rather, he commanded # he commanded Judah Here "Judah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "he commanded the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/17.md b/2ch/33/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/33/17.md +++ b/2ch/33/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/33/18.md b/2ch/33/18.md index 9b5f3dac35..b6851e9680 100644 --- a/2ch/33/18.md +++ b/2ch/33/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "men have wri # the deeds of the kings of Israel This in account of the history of Israel that no longer exists. - diff --git a/2ch/33/19.md b/2ch/33/19.md index a4405a816c..1c67889cc2 100644 --- a/2ch/33/19.md +++ b/2ch/33/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a book that no longer exists. # they are written about These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "men have written about them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/20.md b/2ch/33/20.md index d11f9c149d..28157a3b36 100644 --- a/2ch/33/20.md +++ b/2ch/33/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # king in his place This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "became the next king" or "became the king of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/21.md b/2ch/33/21.md index 0b74069579..36828f3a90 100644 --- a/2ch/33/21.md +++ b/2ch/33/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-two years old "22 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/22.md b/2ch/33/22.md index f05e4508d2..87b2205b55 100644 --- a/2ch/33/22.md +++ b/2ch/33/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh Here Yahweh's "sight" refers to how he judges or decides on the value of something. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Chronicles 14:2](../14/02.md). Alternate translation: "things that Yahweh said were evil" or "the things that Yahweh considers evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/23.md b/2ch/33/23.md index 13fef785f6..3d8fe4e3e5 100644 --- a/2ch/33/23.md +++ b/2ch/33/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amon trespassed more and more "Amon increased his guilt" or "Amon continued to sin" - diff --git a/2ch/33/24.md b/2ch/33/24.md index 2cf1375e5a..77c9b7bc08 100644 --- a/2ch/33/24.md +++ b/2ch/33/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "killed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # conspired against him "planned in secret to kill him" - diff --git a/2ch/33/25.md b/2ch/33/25.md index b3c10b6886..750d84baf7 100644 --- a/2ch/33/25.md +++ b/2ch/33/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # king in his place This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "became the next king" or "became the king of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/33/intro.md b/2ch/33/intro.md index 47019b168f..4cf90c47e4 100644 --- a/2ch/33/intro.md +++ b/2ch/33/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # 2 Chronicles 33 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### King Manasseh +### King Manasseh Manasseh angered God more than any other king of Judah. He worshiped the sun, stars and many foreign gods and even sacrificed his sons to the sun. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Manasseh angered God more than any other king of Judah. He worshiped the sun, st * __[2 Chronicles 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/34/01.md b/2ch/34/01.md index fe6070b0b9..44fb8c667c 100644 --- a/2ch/34/01.md +++ b/2ch/34/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty-one years "31 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/02.md b/2ch/34/02.md index f03ecfce44..2dbbaf9a58 100644 --- a/2ch/34/02.md +++ b/2ch/34/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Josiah behaving as David did is spoken of as if he walked on the same road or wa # did not turn away either to the right or to the left To fully obey Yahweh is spoken of as if a person were on the correct road and never turned from it. Alternate translation: "did not do anything that would displease Yahweh" or "fully obeyed the laws of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/03.md b/2ch/34/03.md index 5953588378..ead777c320 100644 --- a/2ch/34/03.md +++ b/2ch/34/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he began to cleanse Judah and Jerusalem from ... the cast metal figures This speaks of Josiah getting rid of the things that were used for worshiping false gods from Judah and Jerusalem as if he were making the places physically clean. Josiah would have commanded his workers to remove these things. Alternate translation: "he began to make Judah and Jerusalem acceptable again to Yahweh by having his workers remove from them the high places, the Asherah poles, the craved figures, and the cast metal figures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/04.md b/2ch/34/04.md index efed5c60fe..14e5442364 100644 --- a/2ch/34/04.md +++ b/2ch/34/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Josiah probably commanded his workers to do much or all of this work. Alternate # dust very small pieces that could be carried away by the wind - diff --git a/2ch/34/05.md b/2ch/34/05.md index b4fd50c39f..0c7b6b4829 100644 --- a/2ch/34/05.md +++ b/2ch/34/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the bones of the priests who offered sacrifices on the altars to # he cleansed Judah and Jerusalem This speaks of Josiah causing Judah and Jerusalem to be acceptable to Yahweh as if he made them physically clean. Alternate translation: "he caused Judah and Jerusalem to be acceptable again to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/06.md b/2ch/34/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/34/06.md +++ b/2ch/34/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/34/07.md b/2ch/34/07.md index 58368e2745..d15c0939b4 100644 --- a/2ch/34/07.md +++ b/2ch/34/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate translatio # into powder "into dust." This means to smash them until they have become powder. - diff --git a/2ch/34/08.md b/2ch/34/08.md index 01ae6ff2d9..3383b32b09 100644 --- a/2ch/34/08.md +++ b/2ch/34/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of Josiah causing Judah and Jerusalem to be acceptable to Yahweh as # Shaphan ... Azaliah ... Maaseiah ... Joah ... Joahaz These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/09.md b/2ch/34/09.md index f234442355..cff75fe5e1 100644 --- a/2ch/34/09.md +++ b/2ch/34/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # that had been brought into the house of God, that the Levites, the guards of the doors, had gathered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the Levites who guarded the doors had brought into the house of God all that they had gathered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/10.md b/2ch/34/10.md index 25662759a8..9af305e6fb 100644 --- a/2ch/34/10.md +++ b/2ch/34/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the men that Josiah had sent to Hilkiah the high pries # the money This refers to some on the money that was entrusted to Hilkiah. Alternate translation: "some of the money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/11.md b/2ch/34/11.md index 3484eff9db..89c80228bd 100644 --- a/2ch/34/11.md +++ b/2ch/34/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ pieces used to connect large beams # had allowed to become ruined "had allowed to rot" - diff --git a/2ch/34/12.md b/2ch/34/12.md index 41b843e442..1d2d322139 100644 --- a/2ch/34/12.md +++ b/2ch/34/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of the clan as you did in [2 Chronicles 20:19](../20/19.md). # Obadiah ... Zechariah Translate these men's names the same as you did for other men by the same names in [2 Chronicles 17:7](../17/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/13.md b/2ch/34/13.md index 214ea2bf7a..38842db9b8 100644 --- a/2ch/34/13.md +++ b/2ch/34/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These Levites supervised those who carried building material and all other men who worked in any way This means that they were in charge of all the men who did any type of building work. Alternate translation: "These Levites were in charge of all of the men who did any kind of building work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/14.md b/2ch/34/14.md index f9991834a1..6f6d7e5fd6 100644 --- a/2ch/34/14.md +++ b/2ch/34/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Yahweh had given # the book of the law Most likely these laws were written on a scroll. A scroll was a type of book made of one long, rolled-up sheet of papyrus or leather. - diff --git a/2ch/34/15.md b/2ch/34/15.md index e5355ebce8..ee1e2788e4 100644 --- a/2ch/34/15.md +++ b/2ch/34/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shaphan This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/16.md b/2ch/34/16.md index 960ff0aa27..6381b431be 100644 --- a/2ch/34/16.md +++ b/2ch/34/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everything that has been entrusted to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everything that you entrusted to them to do" or "everything that you gave them the responsibility to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/17.md b/2ch/34/17.md index f4bbd2b518..893ee60074 100644 --- a/2ch/34/17.md +++ b/2ch/34/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "They have gathered all" (See: [[rc://e # into the hand of the supervisors and to the workmen The supervisors and workmen are represented by their "hand" to emphasize their possession. Alternate translation: "to the supervisors and the workmen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/18.md b/2ch/34/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/34/18.md +++ b/2ch/34/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/34/19.md b/2ch/34/19.md index de30bec794..2caafb76a3 100644 --- a/2ch/34/19.md +++ b/2ch/34/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # he tore his clothes This is a symbolic action that indicates intense grief or sadness. Alternate translation: "he tore his clothes because he was very upset" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/20.md b/2ch/34/20.md index 4fb760fbc0..4153348c67 100644 --- a/2ch/34/20.md +++ b/2ch/34/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahikam son of Shaphan, Abdon son of Micah, Shaphan ... Asaiah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/21.md b/2ch/34/21.md index 1cc6e0112a..70bbcbfefa 100644 --- a/2ch/34/21.md +++ b/2ch/34/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Emotions such as anger are often spoken of in Scripture as if they were liquids. # all that was written in it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all that is written in it" or "all that is in this book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/22.md b/2ch/34/22.md index e3e13e41bd..21378157c9 100644 --- a/2ch/34/22.md +++ b/2ch/34/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was a cerain part of Jerusalem. It may have been a newer part. Alternate tr # they spoke with her in this way "they had the following conversation with her" - diff --git a/2ch/34/23.md b/2ch/34/23.md index 6159839cf5..5c01728b7e 100644 --- a/2ch/34/23.md +++ b/2ch/34/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the man who sent you to me Here "the man" refers to King Josiah. - diff --git a/2ch/34/24.md b/2ch/34/24.md index 1c70e9e8cf..476d659aa7 100644 --- a/2ch/34/24.md +++ b/2ch/34/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all the curses writte # on this place Here "this place" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "on these people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/25.md b/2ch/34/25.md index e3af80bf7e..a375ebaea0 100644 --- a/2ch/34/25.md +++ b/2ch/34/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Emotions such as anger are often spoken of in Scripture as if they were liquids. # my anger will be poured out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will pour out my anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/26.md b/2ch/34/26.md index 7ecde7306e..736b9a8ab8 100644 --- a/2ch/34/26.md +++ b/2ch/34/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # About the words that you heard "About the message that you heard" - diff --git a/2ch/34/27.md b/2ch/34/27.md index 77af85f1b3..cc43b0544e 100644 --- a/2ch/34/27.md +++ b/2ch/34/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. Feeling sorry is spoken of as if # torn your clothes This is a symbolic action that indicates intense grief or sadness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/28.md b/2ch/34/28.md index f331b1f6de..25468beffe 100644 --- a/2ch/34/28.md +++ b/2ch/34/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "eyes" represents the whole person. Also, the phrase "will not see" represe # the disaster I will bring on this place Yahweh causing terrible things to happen is spoken of as if disaster were an object that Yahweh would bring to a place. Alternate translation: "the terrible things I will cause to happen to this place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/29.md b/2ch/34/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/34/29.md +++ b/2ch/34/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/34/30.md b/2ch/34/30.md index a90f8858e4..af3a0d96ce 100644 --- a/2ch/34/30.md +++ b/2ch/34/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This merism includes everyone in between. Alternate translation: "from the most # that had been found This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Hilkiah had found" or "that they had found" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/31.md b/2ch/34/31.md index 6b5d62c617..8dd84b7715 100644 --- a/2ch/34/31.md +++ b/2ch/34/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The idiom "with all his heart" means "completely" and "with all his soul" means # that were written in this book This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that this book contained" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/32.md b/2ch/34/32.md index 8cbcf8c883..2c2cf6c560 100644 --- a/2ch/34/32.md +++ b/2ch/34/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all who lived in Jeru # stand by the covenant This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "accept the terms of the covenant" or "promise to obey the covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/33.md b/2ch/34/33.md index cb4f543719..48585c60dd 100644 --- a/2ch/34/33.md +++ b/2ch/34/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the idols that were repulsive to God. Alternate translation: "the disg # For all of his days Josiah's life is represented by his "days." Alternate translation: "For all of his life" or "As long as Josiah was alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/34/intro.md b/2ch/34/intro.md index 473c025f03..eee6e229e8 100644 --- a/2ch/34/intro.md +++ b/2ch/34/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # 2 Chronicles 34 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is the beginning of the story of King Josiah. (2 Chronicles 34-35) +This chapter is the beginning of the story of King Josiah. (2 Chronicles 34-35) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Returning the people to Yahweh +### Returning the people to Yahweh Josiah worshiped Yahweh and cleaned out the idols and shrines from Judah. The people returned to worship Yahweh again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Josiah worshiped Yahweh and cleaned out the idols and shrines from Judah. The pe * __[2 Chronicles 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/35/01.md b/2ch/35/01.md index 7141f63ae0..043a5b7704 100644 --- a/2ch/35/01.md +++ b/2ch/35/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh had commanded Moses that all the people of Israel were to go to Jerusalem # the fourteenth day of the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/02.md b/2ch/35/02.md index 497316ab9e..a9d285899e 100644 --- a/2ch/35/02.md +++ b/2ch/35/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Placing the priests in a position is a metaphor for telling the priests which jo # in the service of The abstract noun "service" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "as they served in" or "to serve well in" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/03.md b/2ch/35/03.md index 2bdf6dce3f..7439cc9545 100644 --- a/2ch/35/03.md +++ b/2ch/35/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that Solomon son of David, king of Israel built The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate translation: "that Solomon, king of Israel, commanded the people to build" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/04.md b/2ch/35/04.md index 61c4e01187..9c842cb253 100644 --- a/2ch/35/04.md +++ b/2ch/35/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ groups into which the people had divided the priests and Levites # the written instructions of David ... and those of Solomon, his son "the instructions that David ... and Solomon, his son, wrote" - diff --git a/2ch/35/05.md b/2ch/35/05.md index b6e989c053..72c5f7024d 100644 --- a/2ch/35/05.md +++ b/2ch/35/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your divisions This refers to the work group to which the people had assigned each Levite. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 35:4](../35/04.md). - diff --git a/2ch/35/06.md b/2ch/35/06.md index a65dfe22be..be76286859 100644 --- a/2ch/35/06.md +++ b/2ch/35/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This probably refers to the priests and Levites washing themselves before they d # to do according to the word of Yahweh that was given by the hand of Moses Here the word "hand" refers to Moses himself. Yahweh used Moses as the agent to deliver his command. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "to obey all of the commands that Yahweh gave to the people through Moses" or "to do everything that Yahweh commanded Moses to tell the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/07.md b/2ch/35/07.md index 388f140fcd..d5dc789c57 100644 --- a/2ch/35/07.md +++ b/2ch/35/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ baby goats # these were from the king's own possessions "all these lambs, kids, and bulls that he gave were ones that he himself owned" - diff --git a/2ch/35/08.md b/2ch/35/08.md index 7b33696c36..56376cf9a3 100644 --- a/2ch/35/08.md +++ b/2ch/35/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Hilkiah ... Zechariah ... Jehiel These are all the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/09.md b/2ch/35/09.md index f5489d158d..1a3674ba8f 100644 --- a/2ch/35/09.md +++ b/2ch/35/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are all the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # five hundred head of cattle "500 head of cattle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/10.md b/2ch/35/10.md index ebe269d396..15154b9c85 100644 --- a/2ch/35/10.md +++ b/2ch/35/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they prepared eve # their divisions the groups into which the people had divided the priests and Levites. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 35:4](../35/04.md). - diff --git a/2ch/35/11.md b/2ch/35/11.md index e5e1f91f4d..900d4aafd6 100644 --- a/2ch/35/11.md +++ b/2ch/35/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the blood that they received from the Levites' hand Here the word "hand" refers to the Levites. Alternate translation: "the blood that the Levites gave them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/12.md b/2ch/35/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/35/12.md +++ b/2ch/35/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/35/13.md b/2ch/35/13.md index 1cbb508fd3..674158bdca 100644 --- a/2ch/35/13.md +++ b/2ch/35/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All instances of "they" and "themselves" refer to the Levites ([2 Chronicles 35: # they boiled them in pots, cauldrons, and pans "they cooked them in water in containers of different sizes" - diff --git a/2ch/35/14.md b/2ch/35/14.md index b5d15ebf6b..9674e0c496 100644 --- a/2ch/35/14.md +++ b/2ch/35/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They ... prepared offerings for themselves and for the priests "They ... prepared the offerings that they would eat and the offerings that the priests would eat" - diff --git a/2ch/35/15.md b/2ch/35/15.md index 31f8d8e6ce..b81ffa89e6 100644 --- a/2ch/35/15.md +++ b/2ch/35/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as David, Asaph, Hema # Heman ... Jeduthun These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/16.md b/2ch/35/16.md index e0b76902d8..b0b379b333 100644 --- a/2ch/35/16.md +++ b/2ch/35/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the entire service of Yahweh was carried out This refers to everything associated with the preparation, the sacrifice, and the worship of Yahweh during the Passover. The word "service" can be expressed as a verb and this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they did everything that needed to be done to serve Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/17.md b/2ch/35/17.md index 8ea3fe65c0..8048a9dbb5 100644 --- a/2ch/35/17.md +++ b/2ch/35/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "observed the Passover" or "celebrated # then the Festival of Unleavened Bread This refers to celebrating the festival. Alternate translation: "then they kept the Festival of Unleavened Bread" or "then celebrated the Festival of Unleavened Bread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/18.md b/2ch/35/18.md index 656e974eb1..011a323b0b 100644 --- a/2ch/35/18.md +++ b/2ch/35/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers specifically to the nation of Israel as a whole, as it was before th # the other kings of Israel Here "Israel" refers specifically to the northern kingdom of Israel. - diff --git a/2ch/35/19.md b/2ch/35/19.md index 996ebb4dfa..0e799be820 100644 --- a/2ch/35/19.md +++ b/2ch/35/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "was observed" or "was celebrated" (See # the eighteenth year "year 18" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/20.md b/2ch/35/20.md index e53339b275..2b22de55b5 100644 --- a/2ch/35/20.md +++ b/2ch/35/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city. Here the city represents the people who live there. # Josiah went to fight against him Here both Josiah and Necho represent themselves accompained by their armies. Alternate translation: "Josiah and his army went to fight against Necho and his army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/21.md b/2ch/35/21.md index bd6c562701..8142274f13 100644 --- a/2ch/35/21.md +++ b/2ch/35/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the king Josiah represents his kingdom. Alternate translation: "I am not fi # against the house with which Here the word "house" refers to the house of Babylon, where "house" is a metonym for the kingdom. The kingdom is a synechdoche representing the Babylonian army. Alternate translation: "against the house of Babylon, with whom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/22.md b/2ch/35/22.md index b4363731fb..3827466176 100644 --- a/2ch/35/22.md +++ b/2ch/35/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Josiah who represents himself accompanied by his army. A # the Valley of Megiddo This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/23.md b/2ch/35/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ch/35/23.md +++ b/2ch/35/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ch/35/24.md b/2ch/35/24.md index 785cd9e77b..baf7debfa1 100644 --- a/2ch/35/24.md +++ b/2ch/35/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All Judah and Jerusalem "Judah" and "Jerusalem" represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: "All the people of Judah and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/25.md b/2ch/35/25.md index 693335a014..b0fcd3bd06 100644 --- a/2ch/35/25.md +++ b/2ch/35/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings: 1) "this is where they are: they" or 2) "they still exist: th # the songs of lament This was an ancient scroll of funeral songs. - diff --git a/2ch/35/26.md b/2ch/35/26.md index 5705729f1b..5bc233c8b5 100644 --- a/2ch/35/26.md +++ b/2ch/35/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the good deeds that h # what is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ch/35/27.md b/2ch/35/27.md index 1313d2c975..5b1f75fedb 100644 --- a/2ch/35/27.md +++ b/2ch/35/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to all of the significant things that he did from the beginning of h # the book of the kings of Judah and Israel This is a book that no longer exists. - diff --git a/2ch/35/intro.md b/2ch/35/intro.md index f74b117765..6167dc261a 100644 --- a/2ch/35/intro.md +++ b/2ch/35/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 35 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This is the end of the story of King Josiah. +This is the end of the story of King Josiah. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Passover -#### Passover Josiah organized a large Passover celebration and people shared their animals with those without animals to sacrifice. The celebration of Passover was a sign of proper worship by the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Josiah organized a large Passover celebration and people shared their animals wi * __[2 Chronicles 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ch/36/01.md b/2ch/36/01.md index 23c5b85442..650f4e1495 100644 --- a/2ch/36/01.md +++ b/2ch/36/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in his father's place The phrase "in his ... place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "instead of his father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/02.md b/2ch/36/02.md index 31ca084bbb..0b54636cb8 100644 --- a/2ch/36/02.md +++ b/2ch/36/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-three years old ... three months "23 years old ... 3 months" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/03.md b/2ch/36/03.md index 2c693cd5ad..ab2b4726d5 100644 --- a/2ch/36/03.md +++ b/2ch/36/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "land" represents the people who lived there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # one hundred talents of silver and one talent of gold You may convert this to a modern measure. A talent was about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: "thirty-three hundred kilograms of silver and thirty-three kilograms of gold" or "about 3,300 kilograms of silver and 33 kilograms of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/04.md b/2ch/36/04.md index b29f6d1781..8b66405a83 100644 --- a/2ch/36/04.md +++ b/2ch/36/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliakim ... Jehoahaz These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/05.md b/2ch/36/05.md index c7d6948542..04a4647ffc 100644 --- a/2ch/36/05.md +++ b/2ch/36/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh his God Here "sight" represents judgment. Yahweh saw and did not approve of Jehoiakim's actions. Alternate translation: "what Yahweh judged to be evil" or "what Yahweh considered to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/06.md b/2ch/36/06.md index d957b2316c..c9063c7d72 100644 --- a/2ch/36/06.md +++ b/2ch/36/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # attacked him The word "him" refers to Jehoiakim. Jehoiakim represents either Jerusalem or the nation of Judah. Alternate translation: "attacked Jerusalem" or "attacked Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/07.md b/2ch/36/07.md index d842032652..27521fd979 100644 --- a/2ch/36/07.md +++ b/2ch/36/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Since Nebuchadnezzar was king, he may have had his soldiers do this. Alternate t # the house of Yahweh Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/08.md b/2ch/36/08.md index 228eb423de..cf501a4109 100644 --- a/2ch/36/08.md +++ b/2ch/36/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a book that no longer exists. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicl # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Jehoiakim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/09.md b/2ch/36/09.md index c8eba78ecd..6b3a90ea69 100644 --- a/2ch/36/09.md +++ b/2ch/36/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh Here "sight" here represents judgment. Yahweh saw and did not approve of Jehoiachin's actions. Alternate translation: "what Yahweh judged to be evil" or "what Yahweh considered to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/10.md b/2ch/36/10.md index 77a0706652..1e4fd41582 100644 --- a/2ch/36/10.md +++ b/2ch/36/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple of Yahweh # his relative "Jehoiachin's relative" - diff --git a/2ch/36/11.md b/2ch/36/11.md index 9e3418029d..9afc9f644d 100644 --- a/2ch/36/11.md +++ b/2ch/36/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-one years old ... eleven years "21 years old ... 11 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/12.md b/2ch/36/12.md index 7c928b28d5..d7bb525229 100644 --- a/2ch/36/12.md +++ b/2ch/36/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sight" represents judgment. Yahweh saw and did not approve of Zedekiah's a # who spoke from the mouth of Yahweh Here the word "mouth" represents the words that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: "who spoke the words that Yahweh spoke to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/13.md b/2ch/36/13.md index c40c647303..d730780165 100644 --- a/2ch/36/13.md +++ b/2ch/36/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zedekiah stiffened his neck and hardened his heart against turning to Yahweh The phrases "stiffened his neck" and "hardened his heart" are both metaphors that mean to become stubborn. Zedekiah refusing to worship Yahweh is spoken of as if he refused to turn to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "Zedekiah stubbornly refused to worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/14.md b/2ch/36/14.md index 1480ff01a7..8ec7f363e0 100644 --- a/2ch/36/14.md +++ b/2ch/36/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to worshiping other gods. # They polluted the house of Yahweh A place that is unfit to be used for God's purposes is spoken of as if it were physically dirty. The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "They polluted the temple of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/15.md b/2ch/36/15.md index 92c779b37d..d828318c10 100644 --- a/2ch/36/15.md +++ b/2ch/36/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the place where he lives This refers to the temple. - diff --git a/2ch/36/16.md b/2ch/36/16.md index 6beaafe383..e597830736 100644 --- a/2ch/36/16.md +++ b/2ch/36/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "arose" refers to beginning an action. Yahweh punishing his people # there was no help for it This idiom means that nobody could do anything to prevent what happened. Alternate translation: "there was no way to avoid it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/17.md b/2ch/36/17.md index f9d79b1ba3..0dd4a8b548 100644 --- a/2ch/36/17.md +++ b/2ch/36/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king probably did not personally kill their young men. Rather, his army kill # God gave them all into his hand Here "hand" is a metonym for the power to defeat them. Alternate translation: "God allowed the Chaldean army to defeat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/18.md b/2ch/36/18.md index a791e93688..064994c3b4 100644 --- a/2ch/36/18.md +++ b/2ch/36/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house of God ... the house of Yahweh The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the temple of God ... the temple of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/19.md b/2ch/36/19.md index 9a47ab5534..b976ff6928 100644 --- a/2ch/36/19.md +++ b/2ch/36/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They burned down "They" refers to the Babylonian soldiers. - diff --git a/2ch/36/20.md b/2ch/36/20.md index 1fdf6b6c38..e73ae4ab25 100644 --- a/2ch/36/20.md +++ b/2ch/36/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the king" refers to his soldiers whom he ordered to do the work. The phras # until the rule of the kingdom of Persia "until the kingdom of Persia came to power" - diff --git a/2ch/36/21.md b/2ch/36/21.md index 519d8443ae..d7db91edd7 100644 --- a/2ch/36/21.md +++ b/2ch/36/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "it" refers to the land. The land is spoken of as if it were a person w # so that it might pass seventy years in this way "so that 70 years might pass while the land lay desolate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/22.md b/2ch/36/22.md index 4bae22556d..d4ecb9fc6e 100644 --- a/2ch/36/22.md +++ b/2ch/36/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the noun "word" can be translated with the verb "spoke." The word "mouth" r # Yahweh motivated the spirit of Cyrus, king of Persia Motivating the spirit is a synecdoche for making someone want to act. Alternate translation: "Yahweh made Cyrus, king of Persia, want to act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ch/36/23.md b/2ch/36/23.md index 29a7b0c2ad..7ceb2f2883 100644 --- a/2ch/36/23.md +++ b/2ch/36/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "house" represents a temple. Alternate translation: "to build a te # Let him go up to the land "Let that person go up to the land of Judah" - diff --git a/2ch/36/intro.md b/2ch/36/intro.md index d5ee4b0f72..6d7be0e673 100644 --- a/2ch/36/intro.md +++ b/2ch/36/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Chronicles 36 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This is the end of the story of Judah as an independent country. +This is the end of the story of Judah as an independent country. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Punishment -#### Punishment God warned the people through the prophets, that he would punish them if they did not worship Yahweh. The people refused to listen to the prophets or to stop their evil deeds. God finally punished them by letting the Babylonians conquer them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God warned the people through the prophets, that he would punish them if they di * __[2 Chronicles 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../35/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/2ch/front/intro.md b/2ch/front/intro.md index 9edf3fc914..d0e4f604f1 100644 --- a/2ch/front/intro.md +++ b/2ch/front/intro.md @@ -5,13 +5,16 @@ ### Outline of 2 Chronicles 1. Solomon rules the kingdom (1:1–9:28) - - Solomon put on the throne of David, his father (1:1-17) - - Solomon builds the temple of Yahweh (2:1–5:1) - - Solomon dedicates the temple (5:2–7:22) - - The life of Solomon (8:1–9:28) + + - Solomon put on the throne of David, his father (1:1-17) + - Solomon builds the temple of Yahweh (2:1–5:1) + - Solomon dedicates the temple (5:2–7:22) + - The life of Solomon (8:1–9:28) + 1. Judah declines and goes into exile (10:1–36:23) - - From Rehoboam to Zedekiah (10:1–36:21) - - The edict of Cyrus, permitting Israel to return to Canaan (36:22–23) + + - From Rehoboam to Zedekiah (10:1–36:21) + - The edict of Cyrus, permitting Israel to return to Canaan (36:22–23) ### What are 1 and 2 Chronicles about? @@ -52,4 +55,3 @@ The writers of 1 and 2 Chronicles often wrote about "seeking God." To "seek God" ### What does the phrase "to this day" mean? The writers used the phrase "to this day" to refer to the time when they were writing. The translator should be aware that "to this day" refers to a time already passed. The translator might decide to say, "to this day, at the time when this is being written," or, "to this day, at the time of writing." This Hebrew phrase occurs in 1 Chronicles 4:41, 43; 5:26; 13:11; 20:26; 21:10; 35:25. - diff --git a/2co/01/01.md b/2co/01/01.md index 4115d7d081..aa1d9c1d3b 100644 --- a/2co/01/01.md +++ b/2co/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This indicates that both Paul and the Corinthians knew Timothy and considered hi # Achaia This is the name of a Roman province in the southern part of modern-day Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/02.md b/2co/01/02.md index 5eca736894..aa2de64cc0 100644 --- a/2co/01/02.md +++ b/2co/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" throughout this letter refers to the people of the church in Cori # May grace be to you and peace This is a common greeting that Paul uses in his letters. - diff --git a/2co/01/03.md b/2co/01/03.md index f54ba712fd..cdf8d90e11 100644 --- a/2co/01/03.md +++ b/2co/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases express the same idea in two different ways. Both phrases refe # the Father of mercies and the God of all comfort Possible meanings are 1) that the words "mercies" and "all comfort" describe the character of "Father" and "God" or 2) that the words "Father" and "God" refer to one who is the source of "mercies" and "all comfort." - diff --git a/2co/01/04.md b/2co/01/04.md index a939e1b4d8..415536f4a3 100644 --- a/2co/01/04.md +++ b/2co/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # comforts us in all our tribulation Here "us" and "our" include the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/05.md b/2co/01/05.md index ce3633ab9c..e5b4a6c7c2 100644 --- a/2co/01/05.md +++ b/2co/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that this refers to the suffering that Paul and Timothy # our comfort abounds Paul speaks of comfort as if it were an object that could increase in size. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/06.md b/2co/01/06.md index 525787812d..266965cabb 100644 --- a/2co/01/06.md +++ b/2co/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if God comforts us" ( # Your comfort is working effectively "You experience effective comfort" - diff --git a/2co/01/07.md b/2co/01/07.md index 329393a1d7..82f1ec2835 100644 --- a/2co/01/07.md +++ b/2co/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hope is spoken of here as if it were a building that could be shaken and destroy # Our hope concerning you is unshaken Paul was probably hoping that the Corinthian Christians would continue to have faith in God, even though they were suffering, and that they would be comforted. Alternate translation: "We continue to be confident concerning you" or "We continue to confidently expect good for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/08.md b/2co/01/08.md index 70bdf98076..dbb30a54ad 100644 --- a/2co/01/08.md +++ b/2co/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "burdened" is a metaphor for feeling stressed or overwhelmed. This can # we despaired even of life "we could not see any way we could stay alive" or "we were sure we would die" - diff --git a/2co/01/09.md b/2co/01/09.md index cdb824f6bf..0f3e73ec2d 100644 --- a/2co/01/09.md +++ b/2co/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "put our trust" are left out of this phrase. Alternate translation: "b # who raises the dead Here to raise is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: "who causes the dead to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/10.md b/2co/01/10.md index 808f6634ad..16382b413d 100644 --- a/2co/01/10.md +++ b/2co/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # On him we have set our hope that he will rescue us Paul and those with him hoped firmly in God. Alternate translation: "We trust in him to rescue us" or "We confidently expect that he will rescue us" - diff --git a/2co/01/11.md b/2co/01/11.md index 101469f5b2..5ba295bbe0 100644 --- a/2co/01/11.md +++ b/2co/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the favor given to us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the favor that God has given to us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/12.md b/2co/01/12.md index 6d20caeb8f..22df852f1d 100644 --- a/2co/01/12.md +++ b/2co/01/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of not being guilty as if his conscience were a person that could sp # not relying on fleshly wisdom but on the grace of God Here "fleshly" represents human. Alternate translation: "not relying on human wisdom but on the grace of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/13.md b/2co/01/13.md index 235186cd6c..933494e47c 100644 --- a/2co/01/13.md +++ b/2co/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The double negative here emphasizes the positive. This can be stated in positive # I hope that you will fully understand Paul wanted them to understand, and he expected that they should be able to understand, but he didn't know for sure if they would. Alternate translation: "I expect that you will fully understand" or "I trust you will fully understand" - diff --git a/2co/01/14.md b/2co/01/14.md index a010aa1bf0..7864fb68cf 100644 --- a/2co/01/14.md +++ b/2co/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this vers Paul uses the word "us" to refer to himself and Timothy and possibl # you can boast The word "boast" here is used in the positive sense of feeling great satisfaction and joy in something. - diff --git a/2co/01/16.md b/2co/01/16.md index 96028c7661..71fd030403 100644 --- a/2co/01/16.md +++ b/2co/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # send me on my way to Judea "assist me on my way to Judea" - diff --git a/2co/01/17.md b/2co/01/17.md index ff89c98cfc..00a2d23d20 100644 --- a/2co/01/17.md +++ b/2co/01/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is a metonym for the way mortal people do things. Alternate translat # Do I plan things ... so that I say "Yes, yes" and "No, no" at the same time? This means that Paul did not say both that he would visit and that he would not visit at the same time. The words "yes" and "no" are repeated for emphasis. Alternate translation: "I do not plan things ... so that I say 'Yes, I will certainly visit' and 'No, I will definitely not visit' at the same time!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/18.md b/2co/01/18.md index 449f272939..cd91d3359a 100644 --- a/2co/01/18.md +++ b/2co/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our word to you "what we say to you" - diff --git a/2co/01/19.md b/2co/01/19.md index 0d50b4ac17..bb5d2f5015 100644 --- a/2co/01/19.md +++ b/2co/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus says "Yes" concerning the promises of God, which means that he guarantees # the Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/20.md b/2co/01/20.md index fda87c43cb..c806bedd9a 100644 --- a/2co/01/20.md +++ b/2co/01/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that Jesus guarantees all of God's promises. Alternate translation: " # "Yes" in him ... through him we say The word "him" refers to Jesus Christ. - diff --git a/2co/01/21.md b/2co/01/21.md index 8c02610af4..b0db6c5e91 100644 --- a/2co/01/21.md +++ b/2co/01/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "God who confirms our relationship with each other beca # he anointed us Possible meanings are 1) "he sent us to preach the gospel" or 2) "he chose us to be his people." - diff --git a/2co/01/22.md b/2co/01/22.md index c01f1f8dcb..147daeabce 100644 --- a/2co/01/22.md +++ b/2co/01/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "heart" is often used to refer to the innermost part of a person. Alter # the Spirit ... as a guarantee The Spirit is spoken of as if he were a partial downpayment toward eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/23.md b/2co/01/23.md index f3a5012bbd..5bae39c5a4 100644 --- a/2co/01/23.md +++ b/2co/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "soul" here is a metonym for the whole person. Alternate translation: " # so that I might spare you "so that I might not cause you more suffering" - diff --git a/2co/01/24.md b/2co/01/24.md index 76d59cce43..f8f829ce63 100644 --- a/2co/01/24.md +++ b/2co/01/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # stand firm in your faith The word "stand" can refer to not changing. Alternate translation: "remain firm in your faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2co/01/intro.md b/2co/01/intro.md index be91ec1191..22859bb823 100644 --- a/2co/01/intro.md +++ b/2co/01/intro.md @@ -1,36 +1,38 @@ # 2 Corinthians 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The first paragraph reflects a common way to begin a letter in the ancient Near East. +The first paragraph reflects a common way to begin a letter in the ancient Near East. -### Special Concepts +## Special Concepts -#### Paul's integrity -People were criticizing Paul and saying he was not sincere. He refutes them by explaining his motives for what he was doing. +### Paul's integrity -#### Comfort -Comfort is a major theme of this chapter. The Holy Spirit comforts Christians. The Corinthians probably were afflicted and needed to be comforted. +People were criticizing Paul and saying he was not sincere. He refutes them by explaining his motives for what he was doing. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +### Comfort -#### Rhetorical question +Comfort is a major theme of this chapter. The Holy Spirit comforts Christians. The Corinthians probably were afflicted and needed to be comforted. -Paul uses two rhetorical questions to defend himself against a charge of not being sincere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +### Rhetorical question -#### We -Paul uses the pronoun "we". This likely represents at least Timothy and himself. It may also include other people. +Paul uses two rhetorical questions to defend himself against a charge of not being sincere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -#### Guarantee +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### We + +Paul uses the pronoun "we". This likely represents at least Timothy and himself. It may also include other people. + +### Guarantee Paul says the Holy Spirit is the guarantee, which means pledge or down payment, of a Christian's eternal life. Christians are securely saved. But they will not experience all of God's given promises until after they die. The Holy Spirit is a personal guarantee that this will happen. This idea comes from a business term. A person gives some valuable item to another person as a "guarantee" that they will repay money. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) - + ## Links: * __[2 Corinthians 01:01 Notes](./01.md)__ * __[2 Corinthians intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/02/01.md b/2co/02/01.md index cc79b9c013..8efcf92189 100644 --- a/2co/02/01.md +++ b/2co/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a metonym that refers to causing the Corinthian # sorrow great sadness - diff --git a/2co/02/02.md b/2co/02/02.md index 0feb7108b6..4823a0fb3a 100644 --- a/2co/02/02.md +++ b/2co/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated "sorrow" in [2 Corinthians 2:1](../02/01.md). # the very one who was made sorrowful by me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the very one whom I had hurt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/02/03.md b/2co/02/03.md index 86168d4acc..a52d1a7e7d 100644 --- a/2co/02/03.md +++ b/2co/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is speaking about the behavior of certain Corinthian believers who caused h # my joy is the same joy you all have "what gives me joy is what gives you joy, too" - diff --git a/2co/02/04.md b/2co/02/04.md index f904c4c24c..fbc1232e38 100644 --- a/2co/02/04.md +++ b/2co/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "heart" refers to the location of the emotions. Alternate translat # with many tears "with much crying" - diff --git a/2co/02/05.md b/2co/02/05.md index 0f215175e2..916eb62e7b 100644 --- a/2co/02/05.md +++ b/2co/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not to burden you The "burden" here is the message. Possible meanings are 1) Paul does not want to say words that will make the Corinthians sad. Alternate translation: "not to say this too harshly" Or 2) Paul does not want to say more than is true. Alternate translation: "not to exaggerate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/02/06.md b/2co/02/06.md index ff127ee900..4c61ada073 100644 --- a/2co/02/06.md +++ b/2co/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. The word "punishment" can be translated using # is enough "is sufficient" - diff --git a/2co/02/07.md b/2co/02/07.md index f7a50263c8..ac15dc39ec 100644 --- a/2co/02/07.md +++ b/2co/02/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he is not overwhelmed by too much sorrow This means to have a strong emotional response of too much sorrow. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "too much sorrow does not overwhelm him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/02/08.md b/2co/02/08.md index 64a51f3cf9..2741c9865c 100644 --- a/2co/02/08.md +++ b/2co/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul encourages the church in Corinth to show love and to forgive the person the # confirm your love for him "show him that you truly love him" - diff --git a/2co/02/09.md b/2co/02/09.md index cb3b077f2d..c5017d5763 100644 --- a/2co/02/09.md +++ b/2co/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are obedient in everything Possible meanings are 1) "you are obedient to God in everything" or 2) "you are obedient in everything that I have taught you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/02/10.md b/2co/02/10.md index 6c6b0a1fd4..1d0a185a54 100644 --- a/2co/02/10.md +++ b/2co/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have forgiven it fo # forgiven for your sake Possible meanings are 1) "forgiven out of my love for you" or 2) "forgiven for your benefit." - diff --git a/2co/02/11.md b/2co/02/11.md index 8eb7d43a46..14c807f880 100644 --- a/2co/02/11.md +++ b/2co/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For we are not ignorant of his schemes This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "For we know his schemes well" - diff --git a/2co/02/12.md b/2co/02/12.md index 4970a5de13..b9f9297dec 100644 --- a/2co/02/12.md +++ b/2co/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul encourages the believers in Corinth by telling them of the opportunities he # A door was opened to me by the Lord ... to preach the gospel Paul speaks of his opportunity to preach the gospel as if it were a door through which he was allowed to walk. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Lord opened a door to me ... to preach the gospel" or "The Lord gave me the opportunity ... to preach the gospel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/02/13.md b/2co/02/13.md index b33f22bbd6..7c49155820 100644 --- a/2co/02/13.md +++ b/2co/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of Titus as his spiritual brother. # So I left them "So I left the people of Troas" - diff --git a/2co/02/14.md b/2co/02/14.md index 13559f524e..2284da3a08 100644 --- a/2co/02/14.md +++ b/2co/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of people learning about Christ from Paul and his companions as if t # everywhere "everywhere we go" - diff --git a/2co/02/15.md b/2co/02/15.md index 5ea9b1a774..357d89a04f 100644 --- a/2co/02/15.md +++ b/2co/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the sweet aroma which is the knowledge of Christ" or 2 # those who are saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom God has saved" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/02/16.md b/2co/02/16.md index 4c48cb7d1c..3566cdc6f0 100644 --- a/2co/02/16.md +++ b/2co/02/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that the word "life" is repeated for emphasis and the p # Who is worthy of these things? "Who is qualified to do these things?" The phrase "these things" refers to preaching God's message about Christ. Paul uses a rhetorical question to express amazement that anyone could be worthy of doing this. Alternate translation: 'Who is worthy to spread the knowledge of Christ?" or "It is amazing that anyone is worthy of these things!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2co/02/17.md b/2co/02/17.md index ea2d4644fc..4727de8a84 100644 --- a/2co/02/17.md +++ b/2co/02/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as people whom God ha # in the sight of God This represents the presence of God. Paul and his coworkers preach the gospel with the awareness that God is watching them. Alternate translation: "speaking in the presence of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/02/intro.md b/2co/02/intro.md index f45315cb49..d56f558056 100644 --- a/2co/02/intro.md +++ b/2co/02/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # 2 Corinthians 02 General Notes -### Special Concepts +## Special Concepts + +### Harsh writing -#### Harsh writing In this chapter, Paul refers to a letter he previously wrote to the Corinthians. Some scholars believe this refers to the letter known as First Corinthians. Other scholars believe this refers to a letter Paul wrote after the letter known as First Corinthians and before this letter. In either case, Paul had told the church to rebuke an erring member. Paul is now encouraging them to be gracious to that person. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Aroma -A sweet aroma is a pleasing smell. Scripture often describes things that are pleasing to God as having a pleasing aroma. +### Aroma + +A sweet aroma is a pleasing smell. Scripture often describes things that are pleasing to God as having a pleasing aroma. ## Links: * __[2 Corinthians 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/03/01.md b/2co/03/01.md index 00ae971006..a895b6a485 100644 --- a/2co/03/01.md +++ b/2co/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul says this to express that the Corinthians already know about Paul and Timot # letters of recommendation This is a letter that a person writes to introduce and give their approval of someone else. - diff --git a/2co/03/02.md b/2co/03/02.md index ff5c0d4f51..6c28460c7a 100644 --- a/2co/03/02.md +++ b/2co/03/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form with "Christ" as the implied subject. Alternat # known and read by all people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that all people can know and read" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/03.md b/2co/03/03.md index 1b6164ca86..fd80d6fe1f 100644 --- a/2co/03/03.md +++ b/2co/03/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It is not a letter th # tablets of human hearts Paul speaks of their hearts as if they are flat pieces of stone or clay upon which people engraved letters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/04.md b/2co/03/04.md index 52c528dac0..ad3251a98b 100644 --- a/2co/03/04.md +++ b/2co/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the confidence This refers to what Paul has just said. His confidence comes from knowing that the Corinthians are the validation of his ministry before God. - diff --git a/2co/03/05.md b/2co/03/05.md index f9ec20ac3b..e1bd288af6 100644 --- a/2co/03/05.md +++ b/2co/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "anything" refers to anything pertaining to Paul's apostolic minis # our competence is from God "God gives us our sufficiency" - diff --git a/2co/03/06.md b/2co/03/06.md index ff9587cc6c..84c5a15538 100644 --- a/2co/03/06.md +++ b/2co/03/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Holy Spirit is the one who establishes God's covenant with people. Alternate # the letter kills Paul speaks of the Old Testament law as a person who kills. Following that law leads to spiritual death. Alternate translation: "the written law leads to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/07.md b/2co/03/07.md index 909aa87889..b9c6ef3694 100644 --- a/2co/03/07.md +++ b/2co/03/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the Old Testament law that God gave through Moses. Alternate tran # This is because "They could not look because" - diff --git a/2co/03/08.md b/2co/03/08.md index 9a0a32ca1b..05c7b80252 100644 --- a/2co/03/08.md +++ b/2co/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses this question to emphasize that "the service that the ministry of the # the ministry of the Spirit This refers to the new covenant, of which Paul is a minister. Alternate translation: "the ministry that gives life because it is based on the Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/09.md b/2co/03/09.md index 886233ba01..df9ede0f74 100644 --- a/2co/03/09.md +++ b/2co/03/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of "the ministry of righteousness" as if it were an object that coul # the ministry of righteousness This refers to the new covenant, of which Paul is a minister. Alternate translation: "the ministry that makes people righteous because it is based on the Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/10.md b/2co/03/10.md index 2bbf0b4a79..cf7b6d8443 100644 --- a/2co/03/10.md +++ b/2co/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the law which God onc # in this respect "in this way" - diff --git a/2co/03/11.md b/2co/03/11.md index 531eea5b87..2f444c47b3 100644 --- a/2co/03/11.md +++ b/2co/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that which was passing away This refers to "the service of condemnation," which Paul speaks of as if it were an object capable of disappearing. Alternate translation: "that which was becoming useless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/12.md b/2co/03/12.md index e233d57866..8e7cbc55db 100644 --- a/2co/03/12.md +++ b/2co/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This hope is a confident hope. It refers to what Paul has just said. His hope co # such a hope "such confidence" - diff --git a/2co/03/13.md b/2co/03/13.md index 1c8d6f8429..5558337a08 100644 --- a/2co/03/13.md +++ b/2co/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the ending of a glory that was passing away The refers to the glory that shined on Moses's face. Alternate translation: "the glory on Moses's face as it faded away completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/14.md b/2co/03/14.md index 3a5ebf8651..89182c100b 100644 --- a/2co/03/14.md +++ b/2co/03/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Just as the Israelites could not see the glory on Moses's face because he covere # It has not been removed, because only in Christ is it taken away Here both occurrences of the word "it" refer to "the same veil." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one removes the veil, because only in Christ does God remove it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/15.md b/2co/03/15.md index 1598893485..29ed1ac56c 100644 --- a/2co/03/15.md +++ b/2co/03/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "Moses" refers to the Old Testament law. This can be stated in act # a veil covers their hearts Here the word "hearts" represents what people think, and the people being unable to understand the old covenant is spoken of as if they have a veil that covers their hearts the way a physical veil would cover their eyes. Alternate translation: "they are unable to understand what they are hearing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/16.md b/2co/03/16.md index 056edea7c7..9d6a6d37b0 100644 --- a/2co/03/16.md +++ b/2co/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "turns to" is a metaphor that means to become loyal to someone. Alternate t # the veil is taken away God gives them the ability to understand. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God lifts the veil away" or "God gives them the ability to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/03/17.md b/2co/03/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2co/03/17.md +++ b/2co/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2co/03/18.md b/2co/03/18.md index 4a743542de..d8183cf7ab 100644 --- a/2co/03/18.md +++ b/2co/03/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Spirit is changing believers to be glorious like him. This can be stated in # just as from the Lord "just as this comes from the Lord" - diff --git a/2co/03/intro.md b/2co/03/intro.md index 7f8bff3b79..6518313b6e 100644 --- a/2co/03/intro.md +++ b/2co/03/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ # 2 Corinthians 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Paul continues his defense. Paul views the Corinthian Christians as the proof of his work. +Paul continues his defense. Paul views the Corinthian Christians as the proof of his work. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Law of Moses -#### Law of Moses Paul alludes to God giving the Ten Commandments on stone tablets. This represents the law of Moses. The law was good because it came from God. But God punished the Israelites because they disobeyed it. This chapter may be difficult for translators to understand if the Old Testament has not yet been translated. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors Paul uses many metaphors in this chapter to explain complex spiritual truths. It is unclear whether this makes Paul's teachings easier or more difficult to understand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "This is a covenant not of the letter but of the Spirit." -#### "This is a covenant not of the letter but of the Spirit." Paul contrasts the old and new covenants. The new covenant is not a system of rules and regulations. Here "Spirit" probably refers to the Holy Spirit. It may also refer to the new covenant being "spiritual" in nature. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +27,3 @@ Paul contrasts the old and new covenants. The new covenant is not a system of ru * __[2 Corinthians 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/04/01.md b/2co/04/01.md index ae0b87904f..ab804995a3 100644 --- a/2co/04/01.md +++ b/2co/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "we" refers to Paul and his coworker, but not to the Corinthians. # and just as we have received mercy This phrase explains how Paul and his coworkers "have this ministry." It is a gift that God has given to them through his mercy. Alternate translation: "because God has shown us mercy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/02.md b/2co/04/02.md index 71ebb74c04..07813fd154 100644 --- a/2co/04/02.md +++ b/2co/04/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means that they provide enough evidence for each person who hears them to d # in the sight of God This refers to God's presence. God's understanding and approval of Paul's truthfulness is referred to as God being able to see them. Alternate translation: "before God" or "with God as witness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/03.md b/2co/04/03.md index 1ecb7d90e5..28058de664 100644 --- a/2co/04/03.md +++ b/2co/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if a veil covers our # our gospel "the gospel that we preach" - diff --git a/2co/04/04.md b/2co/04/04.md index 681aa36394..41797bab02 100644 --- a/2co/04/04.md +++ b/2co/04/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ As the Israelites could not see God's glory that shined on Moses's face because # the gospel of the glory of Christ "the gospel about Christ's glory" - diff --git a/2co/04/05.md b/2co/04/05.md index b1495f613c..32b00838c5 100644 --- a/2co/04/05.md +++ b/2co/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can supply the verb for these phrases. Alternate translation: "but we procla # for Jesus' sake "because of Jesus" - diff --git a/2co/04/06.md b/2co/04/06.md index 5705d09994..9f2e470c53 100644 --- a/2co/04/06.md +++ b/2co/04/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "hearts" refers to the mind and thoughts. Alternate translation: " # the glory of God in the presence of Jesus Christ "the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ." Just as God's glory shone upon Moses's face ([2 Corinthians 3:7](../03/07.md)), it also shines upon Jesus's face. This means that when Paul preaches the gospel, people are able to see and understand the message about God's glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/07.md b/2co/04/07.md index f45894be3c..fb6ca6a0dd 100644 --- a/2co/04/07.md +++ b/2co/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of the gospel as if it were a treasure and their bodies as if they w # so that it is clear "so that it is clear to people" or "so that people clearly know" - diff --git a/2co/04/08.md b/2co/04/08.md index 1b0a785ceb..3e54eb9957 100644 --- a/2co/04/08.md +++ b/2co/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We are afflicted in every way This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People afflict us in every way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/09.md b/2co/04/09.md index 1839f81ab1..647b63a9d0 100644 --- a/2co/04/09.md +++ b/2co/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form and as a new sentence. Alternate translation: # struck down "hurt badly" - diff --git a/2co/04/10.md b/2co/04/10.md index 5b66fab561..f7b7c1f3fb 100644 --- a/2co/04/10.md +++ b/2co/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of his sufferings as if they are an experience of the death of Jesus # the life of Jesus may also be revealed in our body This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "people can see that we will live in bodies again because Jesus is alive" or 2) "we can show other people in our bodies the spiritual life that Jesus gives." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/11.md b/2co/04/11.md index 37f3ed1bbe..014e89039a 100644 --- a/2co/04/11.md +++ b/2co/04/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Paul is referring to the life that Jesus lives. Alterna # our mortal flesh Paul is referring to our physical bodies, which will die someday. - diff --git a/2co/04/12.md b/2co/04/12.md index 15ae94af67..e3f1eec62b 100644 --- a/2co/04/12.md +++ b/2co/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # death is at work in us, but life is at work in you Paul speaks of death and life as if they are persons who can work. This means that they are always in danger of physical death so that the Corinthians can have spiritual life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/13.md b/2co/04/13.md index e78e0e227f..2d2f6a1046 100644 --- a/2co/04/13.md +++ b/2co/04/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as the one who wrote # I believed, and so I spoke This is a quote from the Psalms. - diff --git a/2co/04/14.md b/2co/04/14.md index 3e1cf8a291..0871469a1f 100644 --- a/2co/04/14.md +++ b/2co/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that the one who raised the Lord Jesus will Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: "that the one who caused the Lord Jesus to live again will" or "God, who raised the Lord Jesus, will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/15.md b/2co/04/15.md index 986728997c..b1cae9a83a 100644 --- a/2co/04/15.md +++ b/2co/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "everything" refers to all of the sufferings that Paul has describ # the grace that is reaching more and more people may cause thanksgiving to increase to the glory of God Paul speaks of more and more people experiencing God's grace as if grace were "reaching" people. And, Paul speaks of more and ore people giving thanks to God as if thanksgiving were an object that could become larger by itself. Alternate translation: "God may show his grace to many people, causing more and more people to give thanks, to the glory of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/16.md b/2co/04/16.md index 660672219b..b2c2ef4d6a 100644 --- a/2co/04/16.md +++ b/2co/04/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to their inward, spiritual lives getting stronger. Alternate transla # inwardly we are being renewed day by day This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God is renewing our inward being more each day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/17.md b/2co/04/17.md index caa1ef5394..69601bb1c7 100644 --- a/2co/04/17.md +++ b/2co/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of his sufferings and the glory that God will give him as if they we # that exceeds all measurement The glory that Paul will experience is so great that no one can measure it. The abstract noun "measurement" can be translated as the verb "measure." Alternate translation: "that no one can measure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/18.md b/2co/04/18.md index 6b1ee82b11..8119ffec70 100644 --- a/2co/04/18.md +++ b/2co/04/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "things that we can se # but for things that are unseen You can supply the verb for this phrase. Alternate translation: "but we are watching for things that are unseen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2co/04/intro.md b/2co/04/intro.md index 84abbec63f..2c588c51f7 100644 --- a/2co/04/intro.md +++ b/2co/04/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,29 @@ # 2 Corinthians 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting -This chapter begins with the word "therefore." This connects it to what the previous chapter teaches. How these chapters are divided may be confusing to the reader. +## Structure and formatting -### Special concepts in this chapter +This chapter begins with the word "therefore." This connects it to what the previous chapter teaches. How these chapters are divided may be confusing to the reader. -#### Ministry +## Special concepts in this chapter -Paul ministers to people by telling them about Christ. He does not try to trick people into believing. If they do not understand the gospel, it is because the problem is ultimately spiritual. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]) +### Ministry -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +Paul ministers to people by telling them about Christ. He does not try to trick people into believing. If they do not understand the gospel, it is because the problem is ultimately spiritual. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]) -#### Light and darkness +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### Life and death +### Life and death + Paul does not refer here to physical life and death. Life represents the new life a Christian has in Jesus. Death represents the old way of living before believing in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Hope -#### Hope Paul uses a repeated pattern in a purposeful way. He makes a statement. Then he denies a seemingly opposite or contradictory statement or gives an exception. Together these give the reader hope in difficult circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]]) ## Links: @@ -28,4 +31,3 @@ Paul uses a repeated pattern in a purposeful way. He makes a statement. Then he * __[2 Corinthians 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/05/01.md b/2co/05/01.md index dc91af7609..35f9ed8bed 100644 --- a/2co/05/01.md +++ b/2co/05/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if people destroy our # It is a house not made by human hands Here "house" means the same thing as "building from God." Here "hands" is a synecdoche that represents the human as a whole. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It is a house that humans did not make" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/02.md b/2co/05/02.md index 6d3053d604..42c60b010e 100644 --- a/2co/05/02.md +++ b/2co/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "this tent" means the same thing as "the earthly dwelling that we live in." # longing to be clothed with our heavenly residence The words "our heavenly residence" means the same thing as "the place God will give us to live in." Paul speaks of the new body that believers receive after they die as if it were both a house to live in and a piece of clothing that a person can put on. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/03.md b/2co/05/03.md index 4760e25bc2..a30fecad8a 100644 --- a/2co/05/03.md +++ b/2co/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we will not be found to be naked This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we will not be naked" or "God will not find us naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/04.md b/2co/05/04.md index d70a602d35..fee830a2c7 100644 --- a/2co/05/04.md +++ b/2co/05/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Paul speaks of life as if it were an animal that eats "what is mortal." The phys # so that what is mortal may be swallowed up by life This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that life may swallow up what is mortal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/05.md b/2co/05/05.md index 6d10e1411b..1745d9dbc2 100644 --- a/2co/05/05.md +++ b/2co/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who gave us the Spirit as a guarantee of what is to come The Spirit is spoken of as if he were a down payment toward eternal life. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Corinthians 1:22](../01/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/06.md b/2co/05/06.md index 6aa42c78cd..f52bfedcb6 100644 --- a/2co/05/06.md +++ b/2co/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of the physical body as if it were a place where a person dwells. Al # we are away from the Lord "we are not at home with the Lord" or "we are not in heaven with the Lord" - diff --git a/2co/05/07.md b/2co/05/07.md index 8b60dbe4eb..1968e14aad 100644 --- a/2co/05/07.md +++ b/2co/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we walk by faith, not by sight Here "walk" is a metaphor for "live" or "behave." Alternate translation: "we live according to faith, not according to what we see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/08.md b/2co/05/08.md index 7a2c7da08b..becc6836d5 100644 --- a/2co/05/08.md +++ b/2co/05/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "body" refers to the physical body. # at home with the Lord "at home with the Lord in heaven" - diff --git a/2co/05/09.md b/2co/05/09.md index 76b23c75b4..4b8bab2f69 100644 --- a/2co/05/09.md +++ b/2co/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "whether we are at home in the body or away from it" or # to please him "to please the Lord" - diff --git a/2co/05/10.md b/2co/05/10.md index f391ac1f61..58b24a915c 100644 --- a/2co/05/10.md +++ b/2co/05/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things he has don # whether for good or for bad "whether those things were good or bad" - diff --git a/2co/05/11.md b/2co/05/11.md index a4e9808ddd..de6c07cb8f 100644 --- a/2co/05/11.md +++ b/2co/05/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul wanted the the Corinthians to know what kind of people he and those with hi # that it is also clear to your conscience "that you are also convinced of it" - diff --git a/2co/05/12.md b/2co/05/12.md index d9bb4a5d69..0c86e55ba3 100644 --- a/2co/05/12.md +++ b/2co/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # those who boast about appearances but not about what is in the heart Here the word "appearances" refers to outward expressions of things like ability and status. The word "heart" refers to the inward character of a person. Alternate translation: "those who praise their own actions, but do not care about what they really are in their inner being" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/13.md b/2co/05/13.md index 4718f35a06..0b10746e4a 100644 --- a/2co/05/13.md +++ b/2co/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if we are out of our minds ... if we are in our right minds Paul is speaking about the way others think of him and his coworkers. Alternate translation: "if people think we are crazy ... if people think we are sane" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/14.md b/2co/05/14.md index 40d6a6d26f..b56c30668b 100644 --- a/2co/05/14.md +++ b/2co/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "our love for Christ" or 2) "Christ's love for us." # died for all "died for all people" - diff --git a/2co/05/15.md b/2co/05/15.md index 7797717762..f0e126c2dc 100644 --- a/2co/05/15.md +++ b/2co/05/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for their sake Possible meanings are 1) these words refer only to "died" or 2) these words refer to both "died" and "was raised." - diff --git a/2co/05/16.md b/2co/05/16.md index d0df9330fa..674972e800 100644 --- a/2co/05/16.md +++ b/2co/05/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to what Paul has just said about living for Christ instead of living # the flesh This phrase is a metonym for the way mortal people do things. See how you translated it in [2 Corinthians 1:17](../01/17.md). Alternate translation: "human standards" or "the way most people do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/17.md b/2co/05/17.md index a895a8b56b..250224a581 100644 --- a/2co/05/17.md +++ b/2co/05/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the old things" refers to the things that characterized a person before he # See The word "See" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. - diff --git a/2co/05/18.md b/2co/05/18.md index fa098b0349..287ed35383 100644 --- a/2co/05/18.md +++ b/2co/05/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the ministry of reconciliation This can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "the ministry of reconciling people to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/19.md b/2co/05/19.md index adf99cd728..cd8009b5a5 100644 --- a/2co/05/19.md +++ b/2co/05/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God has given Paul the responsibility to spread the message that God is reconcil # the message of reconciliation "the message about reconciliation" - diff --git a/2co/05/20.md b/2co/05/20.md index ea2c491669..3c7eb9ed30 100644 --- a/2co/05/20.md +++ b/2co/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has appointed us # Be reconciled to God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let God reconcile you to himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/21.md b/2co/05/21.md index c8d97fa217..f9bf472823 100644 --- a/2co/05/21.md +++ b/2co/05/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "sin" is a metonym for the sacrifice that is offered so that God will f # so that we might become the righteousness of God in him The phrase "the righteousness of God" refers to the righteousness that God requires and that comes from God. Alternate translation: "so that through Christ we might have the righteousness that God requires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/05/intro.md b/2co/05/intro.md index 7860e71dc4..68caabf92d 100644 --- a/2co/05/intro.md +++ b/2co/05/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ # 2 Corinthians 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### New bodies in heaven -#### New bodies in heaven Paul knows that when he dies he will receive a much better body. Because of this, he is not afraid of being killed for preaching the gospel. So he tells others that they too can be reconciled to God. Christ will take away their sin and give them his righteousness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/goodnews]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reconcile]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### New creation +### New creation The old and new creation probably refer to how Paul illustrates the old and new self. These concepts are also the same as the old and new man. The term "old" probably does not refer to the sinful nature with which a person is born. It refers to the old way of living or the Christian formerly being bound to sin. The "new creation" is the new nature or new life that God gives a person after they come to believe in Christ. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Home -#### Home The Christian's home is no longer in the world. A Christian's real home is in heaven. By using this metaphor, Paul emphasizes that the Christian's circumstances in this world are temporary. It gives hope to those who are suffering. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "The message of reconciliation" -#### "The message of reconciliation" This refers to the gospel. Paul calls for people who are hostile to God to repent and be reconciled to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reconcile]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +27,3 @@ This refers to the gospel. Paul calls for people who are hostile to God to repen * __[2 Corinthians 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/06/01.md b/2co/06/01.md index a67906ebca..c72ea17a35 100644 --- a/2co/06/01.md +++ b/2co/06/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is implying that he and Timothy are working with God. Alternate translation # we also urge you not to receive the grace of God in vain "we beg you to make use of the grace that you have received from God" - diff --git a/2co/06/02.md b/2co/06/02.md index 9686cba2d7..1c0591b4c1 100644 --- a/2co/06/02.md +++ b/2co/06/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this verse, Paul quotes a portion from the prophet Isaiah. # Look The word "Look" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. - diff --git a/2co/06/03.md b/2co/06/03.md index f221d8d62b..8880ff45ea 100644 --- a/2co/06/03.md +++ b/2co/06/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of anything that would prevent a person from trusting in Christ as i # we do not wish our ministry to be discredited The word "discredited" refers to people speaking badly about Paul's ministry, and working against the message he proclaims. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we do not want anyone to be able to speak badly about our ministry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/04.md b/2co/06/04.md index fb0de09664..2268d524f8 100644 --- a/2co/06/04.md +++ b/2co/06/04.md @@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Because we are God's servants we recommend ourselves t This tells how they commend themselves. Alternate translation: "in everything we do" - # in much endurance, in affliction, in distress, in hardship Paul mentions various difficult situations in which they commend themselves as God's servants. - diff --git a/2co/06/05.md b/2co/06/05.md index be28e1dd02..4f16545236 100644 --- a/2co/06/05.md +++ b/2co/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in beatings, in imprisonments, in riots, in hard labor, in sleepless nights, in hunger Paul continues to mention various difficult situations in which they commend themselves as God's servants. - diff --git a/2co/06/06.md b/2co/06/06.md index e039925978..5d7e77beb2 100644 --- a/2co/06/06.md +++ b/2co/06/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in purity ... in sincere love Paul lists several moral virtues that they maintained in difficult situations, commending themselves as God's servants. - diff --git a/2co/06/07.md b/2co/06/07.md index 58ca2bf87d..337226bae2 100644 --- a/2co/06/07.md +++ b/2co/06/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul speaks of their righteousness as if it were weapons that they use to fight # for the right hand and for the left Possible meanings are 1) that there is a weapon in one hand and a shield in the other or 2) that they are completely equipped for battle, able to fend off attacks from any direction. - diff --git a/2co/06/08.md b/2co/06/08.md index c930e48bf4..ef440e8301 100644 --- a/2co/06/08.md +++ b/2co/06/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul lists several extremes of how people think about him and his ministry. (See # praise, as deceivers and yet truthful You may need to fill in the words left out of the ellipsis. Alternate translation: "praise; people accuse us of being deceitful and yet we are truthful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/09.md b/2co/06/09.md index f2136dac20..6f69520486 100644 --- a/2co/06/09.md +++ b/2co/06/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as if people did not # as if we were being punished for our actions, yet we are not killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as if people were punishing us for our actions, yet they have not killed us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/10.md b/2co/06/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2co/06/10.md +++ b/2co/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2co/06/11.md b/2co/06/11.md index 2133c9296d..924432dcc6 100644 --- a/2co/06/11.md +++ b/2co/06/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # our heart is wide open Paul speaks of his great affection for the Corinthians as having a heart that is open. Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's emotions. Alternate translation: "we love you very much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/12.md b/2co/06/12.md index 01900accbd..4cdf44b7f2 100644 --- a/2co/06/12.md +++ b/2co/06/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We have not restraine # you are restrained in your own hearts This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your own hearts are restraining you" or "you have stopped loving us for your own reasons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/13.md b/2co/06/13.md index 58a131dbe1..9676b5a487 100644 --- a/2co/06/13.md +++ b/2co/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # open yourselves wide also Paul urges the Corinthians to love him as he has loved them. Alternate translation: "love us back" or "love us much as we have loved you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/14.md b/2co/06/14.md index 3a1e23ca24..45d37bb08b 100644 --- a/2co/06/14.md +++ b/2co/06/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a rhetorical question that anticipates a negative answer. Alternate tran # For what fellowship does light have with darkness? Paul asks this question to emphasize that light and darkness cannot coexist since light dispels darkness. The words "light" and "darkness" refer to the moral and spiritual qualities of believers and unbelievers. Alternate translation: "Light can have no fellowship with darkness." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/15.md b/2co/06/15.md index c35c6dcfae..0bfe257eb9 100644 --- a/2co/06/15.md +++ b/2co/06/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is another name for the devil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # Or what share does a believer have together with an unbeliever? This is a rhetorical question that anticipates a negative answer. Alternate translation: "A believer shares nothing in common with an unbeliever." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/16.md b/2co/06/16.md index 1754ce3401..3c783c9b74 100644 --- a/2co/06/16.md +++ b/2co/06/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul refers to all Christians as forming a temple for God to dwell in. Alternate # I will dwell among them and walk among them. This is an Old Testament quotation that speaks of God being with the people in two different ways. The words "dwell among" speak of living where others live, while the words "walk among" speak of being with them as they go about their lives. Alternate translation: "I will be with them and help them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/17.md b/2co/06/17.md index 4ac4ea0452..e79d3127bf 100644 --- a/2co/06/17.md +++ b/2co/06/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "set yourselves apart" # Touch no unclean thing This can be stated in positive terms. Alternate translation: "Touch only things that are clean" or "Stay away from things that are unclean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/2co/06/18.md b/2co/06/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2co/06/18.md +++ b/2co/06/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2co/06/intro.md b/2co/06/intro.md index 40f39247a1..9f31d8a0ab 100644 --- a/2co/06/intro.md +++ b/2co/06/intro.md @@ -1,30 +1,32 @@ # 2 Corinthians 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 2 and 16-18, which are words from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Servants -#### Servants Paul refers to Christians as servants of God. God calls Christians to serve him in all circumstances. Paul describes some of the difficult circumstances in which he and his companions served God. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Contrasts +### Contrasts Paul uses four pairs of contrasts: righteousness versus lawlessness, light versus darkness, Christ versus Satan, and the temple of God versus idols. These contrasts show a difference between Christians and non-Christians. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/light]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/darkness]]) -#### Light and darkness +### Light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### Rhetorical questions -Paul uses a series of rhetorical questions to teach his readers. All of these questions make essentially the same point: Christians should not intimately fellowship with those who live in sin. Paul repeats these questions for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### Rhetorical questions -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +Paul uses a series of rhetorical questions to teach his readers. All of these questions make essentially the same point: Christians should not intimately fellowship with those who live in sin. Paul repeats these questions for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### We +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### We Paul likely uses the pronoun "we" to represent at least Timothy and himself. It may also include other people. @@ -33,4 +35,3 @@ Paul likely uses the pronoun "we" to represent at least Timothy and himself. It * __[2 Corinthians 6:1](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/07/01.md b/2co/07/01.md index 22ec2edceb..2964a47f77 100644 --- a/2co/07/01.md +++ b/2co/07/01.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Paul continues to remind the Corinthians to be separated from sin and to seek ho # let us cleanse ourselves of all defilement of flesh and spirit -Here Paul is saying to stay away from any form of sin that would affect one's relationship with God. +Here Paul is saying to stay away from any form of sin that would affect one's relationship with God. # of all defilement of flesh and spirit @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here Paul is saying to stay away from any form of sin that would affect one's re # in the fear of God "out of deep respect for God" or "because we fear God" - diff --git a/2co/07/02.md b/2co/07/02.md index 83ca8aa894..c5fbf7577b 100644 --- a/2co/07/02.md +++ b/2co/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Having already warned the people of Corinth about other leaders who were strivin # Make room for us This refers back to what Paul said starting in [2 Corinthians 6:11](../06/11.md) about them opening their hearts to him. Alternate translation: "Make room for us in your hearts" or "Love us and accept us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/07/03.md b/2co/07/03.md index e31616ee09..e77ebfd87b 100644 --- a/2co/07/03.md +++ b/2co/07/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that Paul and his associates will continue to love the Corinthians no # for us to die "us" includes the Corinthian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/2co/07/04.md b/2co/07/04.md index ba031f7367..e7bc5d6a9d 100644 --- a/2co/07/04.md +++ b/2co/07/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of joy as if it is a liquid that fills him until he overflows. Alter # even in all our tribulation "even though we suffer greatly" - diff --git a/2co/07/05.md b/2co/07/05.md index ab8033f9b7..18629ddc01 100644 --- a/2co/07/05.md +++ b/2co/07/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we experienced troubl # by conflicts on the outside and fears on the inside Possible meanings for "outside" are 1) "outside of our bodies" or 2) "outside of the church." The word "inside" refers to their inward emotions. Alternate translation: "by conflicts with other people and by fears within ourselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/07/06.md b/2co/07/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2co/07/06.md +++ b/2co/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2co/07/07.md b/2co/07/07.md index 09b69d0cbe..70b524ee1c 100644 --- a/2co/07/07.md +++ b/2co/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by the comfort that Titus had received from you Paul received comfort from knowing that the Corinthians had comforted Titus. Alternate translation: "by learning about the comfort that Titus had received from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/07/08.md b/2co/07/08.md index 82282dd726..216e9c799b 100644 --- a/2co/07/08.md +++ b/2co/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul praises them for their godly sorrow, their zeal to do right, and the joy th # when I saw that my letter "when I learned that my letter" - diff --git a/2co/07/09.md b/2co/07/09.md index df8a49410b..5df0722944 100644 --- a/2co/07/09.md +++ b/2co/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ or "distressed ... distress ... distress" # so you suffered no loss because of us "so you suffered no loss because we rebuked you." This means that although the letter caused them sorrow, they eventually benefited from the letter because it led them to repentance. Alternate translation: "so that we did not harm you in any way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2co/07/10.md b/2co/07/10.md index 75b8f9679b..8d0e6ea7ae 100644 --- a/2co/07/10.md +++ b/2co/07/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Paul has no regret that he caused them sorrow because t # Worldly sorrow, however, brings about death This kind of sorrow leads to death instead of salvation because it does not produce repentance. Alternate translation: "Worldly sorrow, however, leads to spiritual death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/07/11.md b/2co/07/11.md index 99c84796e9..9ca7cd26b2 100644 --- a/2co/07/11.md +++ b/2co/07/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "How" makes this statement an exclamation. Alternate translation: # that justice should be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that someone should carry out justice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/07/12.md b/2co/07/12.md index 9d88d5ea14..eb96bcc27e 100644 --- a/2co/07/12.md +++ b/2co/07/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ sincere, serious desire for what is good # in the sight of God This represents God's presence. See how you translated this in [2 Corinthians 4:2](../04/02.md). Alternate translation: "before God" or "with God as witness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/07/13.md b/2co/07/13.md index fd3c809b9a..2e11e6ec04 100644 --- a/2co/07/13.md +++ b/2co/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "this" refers to the way the Corinthians responded to Paul's previ # his spirit was refreshed by all of you Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's temperament and disposition. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all of you refreshed his spirit" or "all of you made him stop worrying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/07/14.md b/2co/07/14.md index 03a0f8c710..4d3a1f6532 100644 --- a/2co/07/14.md +++ b/2co/07/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # our boasting about you to Titus proved to be true "you proved that our boasting about you to Titus was true" - diff --git a/2co/07/15.md b/2co/07/15.md index 09acafdb0b..d7849388c6 100644 --- a/2co/07/15.md +++ b/2co/07/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "fear" and "trembling" share similar meanings and emphasize the intensity o # with fear and trembling Possible meanings are 1) "with great reverence for God" or 2) "with great reverence for Titus." - diff --git a/2co/07/16.md b/2co/07/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2co/07/16.md +++ b/2co/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2co/07/intro.md b/2co/07/intro.md index edd82d2d8b..6d73b54021 100644 --- a/2co/07/intro.md +++ b/2co/07/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,26 @@ # 2 Corinthians 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In verses 2-4, Paul finishes his defense. He then writes about Titus's return and the comfort it brought. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Clean and unclean +### Clean and unclean Christians are "clean" in the sense that God has cleansed them from sin. They do not need to be concerned with being clean according to the law of Moses. Ungodly living can still make a Christian unclean. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Sadness and sorrow -The words "sad" and "sorrow" in this chapter indicate that the Corinthians were upset to the point of repenting. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) +### Sadness and sorrow -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +The words "sad" and "sorrow" in this chapter indicate that the Corinthians were upset to the point of repenting. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -#### We +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### We Paul likely uses the pronoun "we" to represent at least Timothy and himself. It may also include other people. -#### Original situation +### Original situation This chapter discusses in detail a previous situation. We can figure out some aspects of this situation from the information in this chapter. But it is best not to include this type of implicit information in a translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -28,4 +29,3 @@ This chapter discusses in detail a previous situation. We can figure out some as * __[2 Corinthians 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/08/01.md b/2co/08/01.md index 7a6c45ba27..72c4e7598d 100644 --- a/2co/08/01.md +++ b/2co/08/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Having explained his changed plans and his ministry direction, Paul talks about # the grace of God that has been given to the churches of Macedonia This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the grace that God has given to the churches of Macedonia" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/02.md b/2co/08/02.md index 1c5a608511..a845073212 100644 --- a/2co/08/02.md +++ b/2co/08/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Though the churches of Macedonia have suffered testings of affliction and povert # great riches of generosity "a very great generosity." The words "great riches" emphasize the greatness of their generosity. - diff --git a/2co/08/03.md b/2co/08/03.md index 67be9e8eaf..2e09becf1a 100644 --- a/2co/08/03.md +++ b/2co/08/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the churches in Macedonia. # of their own free will "voluntarily" - diff --git a/2co/08/04.md b/2co/08/04.md index 8c97c56dc1..883543c4bd 100644 --- a/2co/08/04.md +++ b/2co/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this service to God's holy people Paul is referring to providing money to the believers in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "this ministry of providing for the believers in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/05.md b/2co/08/05.md index de11e8991d..88a087f23d 100644 --- a/2co/08/05.md +++ b/2co/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This did not happen as we had hoped The Macedonians did even more than Paul and those with him had hoped for. Alternate translation: "This did not happen merely as we had thought it might" or "But even more than we had expected" - diff --git a/2co/08/06.md b/2co/08/06.md index c88c8e47f9..c49663c171 100644 --- a/2co/08/06.md +++ b/2co/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is referring to the collection of money from the Corinthians for the believ # to complete among you this act of grace Titus was to help the Corinthians to complete the collection of money. Alternate translation: "to encourage you to finish collecting and giving your generous gift" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/07.md b/2co/08/07.md index 6621e7bf1f..cacaf6a67e 100644 --- a/2co/08/07.md +++ b/2co/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # make sure that you excel in this act of grace Here "this act of grace" refers the gift that the Corinthians were to give. Alternate translation: "make sure that you are very generous in your giving" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/08.md b/2co/08/08.md index 5108d400f0..6986af6cda 100644 --- a/2co/08/08.md +++ b/2co/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by comparing it to the eagerness of other people Paul is encouraging the Corinthians to give generously by comparing their generosity with the generosity of the Macedonian churches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/09.md b/2co/08/09.md index cba3edfe85..cbfbb225e9 100644 --- a/2co/08/09.md +++ b/2co/08/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of Jesus before his incarnation as being rich, and of his becoming h # through his poverty you might become rich Paul speaks of the Corinthians becoming spiritually rich as a result of Jesus becoming human. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/10.md b/2co/08/10.md index 5e71832afc..a3af71971b 100644 --- a/2co/08/10.md +++ b/2co/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In this matter This refers to their collecting money to give to the believers in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "With regard to the collection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/11.md b/2co/08/11.md index f18dee85ec..bb3f2eaff9 100644 --- a/2co/08/11.md +++ b/2co/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "you were eager # bring it to completion "complete it" or "finish it" - diff --git a/2co/08/12.md b/2co/08/12.md index a4a9891fb9..4f4ca53819 100644 --- a/2co/08/12.md +++ b/2co/08/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "good" and "acceptable" share similar meanings and emphasize the # It must be based on what a person has "Giving must be based on what a person has" - diff --git a/2co/08/13.md b/2co/08/13.md index 3fb208af40..bfcf5abe31 100644 --- a/2co/08/13.md +++ b/2co/08/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "this" refers to collecting money for the believers in Jerusalem. The a # but for fairness "but so that there should be equality" or "but so that there might be equality between others and you." Paul is explaining why he is asking the Corinthians to give money to the believers in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/2co/08/14.md b/2co/08/14.md index 39ec3ecc9b..18fe96c8ba 100644 --- a/2co/08/14.md +++ b/2co/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is also so that their abundance may supply your need Since the Corinthians are acting in the present time, it is implied that the believers in Jerusalem will also help them at some time in the future. Alternate translation: "This is also so that in the future their abundance may supply your need" - diff --git a/2co/08/15.md b/2co/08/15.md index 2d46e59799..7cdee2d6f9 100644 --- a/2co/08/15.md +++ b/2co/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Paul quotes from Exodus. This can be stated in active form. Alternate trans # did not have any lack "had all he needed" - diff --git a/2co/08/16.md b/2co/08/16.md index b0da7ae62e..0f9cde8e92 100644 --- a/2co/08/16.md +++ b/2co/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" refers to the emotions. This means that God caused Titus t # same earnest care "the same enthusiasm" or "same deep concern" - diff --git a/2co/08/17.md b/2co/08/17.md index 79a643e9a0..2094d57d22 100644 --- a/2co/08/17.md +++ b/2co/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For he not only accepted our appeal Paul is referring to his asking Titus to return to Corinth and complete the collection. Alternate translation: "For he not only agreed to our request that he help you with the collection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/18.md b/2co/08/18.md index 7edd0e6340..70a06ad76e 100644 --- a/2co/08/18.md +++ b/2co/08/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the brother who is praised among all of the churches This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the brother whom believers among all of the churches praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/19.md b/2co/08/19.md index f8a423f61c..c875d3ac1b 100644 --- a/2co/08/19.md +++ b/2co/08/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "which we are taki # for the glory of the Lord himself and our good will You may need to fill in the ideas missing in the ellipsis. Alternate translation: "so that people will praise the Lord and so that they will see how eager we are to help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/20.md b/2co/08/20.md index 7c3d0e47a5..00e90378c1 100644 --- a/2co/08/20.md +++ b/2co/08/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about this act of generosity that we are carrying out This refers to taking the offering to Jerusalem. The abstract noun "generosity" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "concerning the way we are handling this generous gift" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/21.md b/2co/08/21.md index 336dae176e..a1e9348aec 100644 --- a/2co/08/21.md +++ b/2co/08/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # before the Lord ... before people "in the Lord's opinion ... in people's opinion" - diff --git a/2co/08/22.md b/2co/08/22.md index d801723da3..032c12551c 100644 --- a/2co/08/22.md +++ b/2co/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with them The word "them" refers to Titus and the previously mentioned brother. - diff --git a/2co/08/23.md b/2co/08/23.md index 83dbe54045..1f6c0cc8d4 100644 --- a/2co/08/23.md +++ b/2co/08/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the churches have sen # They are a glory to Christ This can be stated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "They will cause people to see Christ's glory" or "They will cause people to honor Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2co/08/24.md b/2co/08/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2co/08/24.md +++ b/2co/08/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2co/08/intro.md b/2co/08/intro.md index f54e628ee3..5166179fd2 100644 --- a/2co/08/intro.md +++ b/2co/08/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,24 @@ # 2 Corinthians 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Chapters 8 and 9 begin a new section. Paul writes about how churches in Greece helped needy believers in Jerusalem. Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted words of verse 15. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Gift to the church in Jerusalem +### Gift to the church in Jerusalem -The church in Corinth started preparing to give money to the poor believers in Jerusalem. The churches in Macedonia also had given generously. Paul sends Titus and two other believers to Corinth to encourage the Corinthians to give generously. Paul and the others will carry the money to Jerusalem. They want people to know it is being done honestly. +The church in Corinth started preparing to give money to the poor believers in Jerusalem. The churches in Macedonia also had given generously. Paul sends Titus and two other believers to Corinth to encourage the Corinthians to give generously. Paul and the others will carry the money to Jerusalem. They want people to know it is being done honestly. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### We +### We Paul likely uses the pronoun "we" to represent at least Timothy and himself. It may also include other people. -#### Paradox +### Paradox A "paradox" is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. These words in verse 2 are a paradox: "the abundance of their joy and the extremity of their poverty have produced great riches of generosity." In verse 3 Paul explains how their poverty produced riches. Paul also uses riches and poverty in other paradoxes. ([2 Corinthians 8:2](./02.md)) @@ -27,4 +27,3 @@ A "paradox" is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. T * __[2 Corinthians 08:01 Notes](./02.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/09/01.md b/2co/09/01.md index 62ad7884c0..0378792da6 100644 --- a/2co/09/01.md +++ b/2co/09/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul continues on the subject of giving. He wants to make sure that the collecti # the service for God's holy people This refers to the collection of money to give to the believers in Jerusalem. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the ministry for the believers in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/09/02.md b/2co/09/02.md index bc4cb62052..a5a308e8d0 100644 --- a/2co/09/02.md +++ b/2co/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Achaia has been getting ready Here the word "Achaia" refers to the people who live in this province, and specifically to the people of the church in Corinth. Alternate translation: "the people of Achaia have been preparing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/09/03.md b/2co/09/03.md index d29470289b..7af751f6d2 100644 --- a/2co/09/03.md +++ b/2co/09/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Titus and the two men who accompany him. # our boasting about you may not be futile Paul does not want others to think that the things that he had boasted about the Corinthians were false. - diff --git a/2co/09/04.md b/2co/09/04.md index b51634b8f8..a8a056eb14 100644 --- a/2co/09/04.md +++ b/2co/09/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # find you unprepared "find you unprepared to give" - diff --git a/2co/09/05.md b/2co/09/05.md index 55af9a4f3b..b4f51fe19c 100644 --- a/2co/09/05.md +++ b/2co/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ From Paul's perspective, the brothers are going. Alternate translation: "the bro # not as something extorted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "not as something that we have extorted from you" or "not as something that you gave us because we forced you to give it to us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/09/06.md b/2co/09/06.md index 31eb71d479..7eb88a5b66 100644 --- a/2co/09/06.md +++ b/2co/09/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who sows ... reap a blessing Paul uses the image of a farmer sowing seeds to describe the results of giving. As a farmer's harvest is based on how much he sows, so will God's blessings be little or much, based on how generously the Corinthians give. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/09/07.md b/2co/09/07.md index c2b991aeac..a22eed3c74 100644 --- a/2co/09/07.md +++ b/2co/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: "not because # for God loves a cheerful giver God wants people to give gladly to help provide for fellow believers. - diff --git a/2co/09/08.md b/2co/09/08.md index 94f3d9f5ab..dedfc8e6e9 100644 --- a/2co/09/08.md +++ b/2co/09/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers here to the physical things a Christian needs, not to the need for G # so that you may multiply every good deed "so that you may be able to do more and more good deeds" - diff --git a/2co/09/09.md b/2co/09/09.md index a3ede47321..fe0ca3c93c 100644 --- a/2co/09/09.md +++ b/2co/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is as it is written "This is just as it is written." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This is just as the writer wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2co/09/10.md b/2co/09/10.md index 2d933ec72b..7412669133 100644 --- a/2co/09/10.md +++ b/2co/09/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul compares the benefits that the Corinthians will receive from their generosi # the harvest of your righteousness "the harvest that comes from your righteous actions." Here the word "righteousness" refers to the righteous actions of the Corinthians in giving their resources to the believers in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/2co/09/11.md b/2co/09/11.md index 32488beee9..5dd9bd438c 100644 --- a/2co/09/11.md +++ b/2co/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will enrich you" # This will bring about thanksgiving to God through us The word this refers to the Corinthian's generosity. Alternate translation: "Because of your generosity, those who receive the gifts we bring them will thank God" or "When we give your gifts to those who need them, they will give thanks to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/09/12.md b/2co/09/12.md index 3bb3ef8256..cc646e94b6 100644 --- a/2co/09/12.md +++ b/2co/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "service" refers to Paul and his companions bringing the contribut # but it also is overflowing into many acts of thanksgiving to God Paul speaks of the Corinthian believers' act of service as if it were a liquid of which there is more than a container can hold. Alternate translation: "It also causes people to do many deeds for which people will thank God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/09/13.md b/2co/09/13.md index dcd2e7b207..5ac373ea73 100644 --- a/2co/09/13.md +++ b/2co/09/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract nouns "generosity" and "contribution" can be stated respectively as # contribution This word refers here to a gift that is part of a larger gift that many people are giving. - diff --git a/2co/09/14.md b/2co/09/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2co/09/14.md +++ b/2co/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2co/09/15.md b/2co/09/15.md index 8e41299e7f..5514586dc7 100644 --- a/2co/09/15.md +++ b/2co/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for his inexpressible gift "for his gift, which words cannot describe." Possible meanings are 1) that this gift refers to "the very great grace" that God has given to the Corinthians, which has led them to be so generous or 2) that this gift refers to Jesus Christ, whom God gave to all believers. - diff --git a/2co/09/intro.md b/2co/09/intro.md index c92d3eac68..a43fad4321 100644 --- a/2co/09/intro.md +++ b/2co/09/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # 2 Corinthians 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verse 9, which is quoted from the Old Testament. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphors +### Metaphors -Paul uses three agricultural metaphors. He uses them to teach about giving to needy believers. The metaphors help Paul explain that God will reward those who give generously. Paul does not say how or when God will reward them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]]) +Paul uses three agricultural metaphors. He uses them to teach about giving to needy believers. The metaphors help Paul explain that God will reward those who give generously. Paul does not say how or when God will reward them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]]) ## Links: * __[2 Corinthians 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/10/01.md b/2co/10/01.md index 9292d78734..d9b74635f5 100644 --- a/2co/10/01.md +++ b/2co/10/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul shifts the subject from giving to affirming his authority to teach as he do # by the humility and gentleness of Christ The word "humility" and "gentleness" are abstract nouns, and can be expressed in another way. Alternate translation: "by Christ, who is humble and gentle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/02.md b/2co/10/02.md index 2c2ef9edb7..22cce6c0d6 100644 --- a/2co/10/02.md +++ b/2co/10/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "walking" is a metaphor for the way a person lives his life. "we are ac # according to the flesh The word "flesh" is a metonym for the mortal body, which in turn is a metaphor for the person himself. See how you translated it in [2 Corinthians 1:17](../01/17.md). Alternate translation: "according to human standards" or "the way sinful people do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/03.md b/2co/10/03.md index 6103f2bb71..1099b9d995 100644 --- a/2co/10/03.md +++ b/2co/10/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of his trying to persuade the Corinthians to believe him and not the # make war according to the flesh Possible meanings are 1) the word "flesh" is a metonym for physical life. Alternate translation: "fight against our enemies using physical weapons" or 2) the word "flesh" is a metonym for sinful human nature. Alternate translation: "make war in sinful ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/04.md b/2co/10/04.md index da9781baa0..37953f1423 100644 --- a/2co/10/04.md +++ b/2co/10/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of his trying to persuade the Corinthians to believe him and not the # are not fleshly Possible meanings are 1) the word "fleshly" is a metonym for merely physical. Alternate translation: "are not physical" or 2) the word "fleshly" is a metonym for sinful human nature. Alternate translation: "are not sinful" or "do not enable us to do wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/05.md b/2co/10/05.md index ffa00f1b8f..9c0dcbda81 100644 --- a/2co/10/05.md +++ b/2co/10/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of arguments as if they were a wall standing high against an army. T # We take every thought captive into obedience to Christ Paul speaks of people's thoughts as if they were enemy soldiers whom he captures in battle. Alternate translation: "We show how all the false ideas those people have are wrong and teach the people to obey Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/06.md b/2co/10/06.md index c95d71a173..61a378d002 100644 --- a/2co/10/06.md +++ b/2co/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # punish every act of disobedience The words "act of disobedience" are a metonym for the people who commit those acts. Alternate translation: "punish every one of you who disobeys us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/07.md b/2co/10/07.md index d275f9160c..7f58acbf33 100644 --- a/2co/10/07.md +++ b/2co/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a command or 2) this is a statement, "You are l # that just as he is Christ's, so also are we "that we belong to Christ just as much as he does" - diff --git a/2co/10/08.md b/2co/10/08.md index 828504645f..356f3f2553 100644 --- a/2co/10/08.md +++ b/2co/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to build you up and not to destroy you Paul speaks of helping the Corinthians to know Christ better as if he were constructing a building. Alternate translation: "to help you become better followers of Christ and not to discourage you so you stop following him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/09.md b/2co/10/09.md index f2e037859b..d6d8cc7d8b 100644 --- a/2co/10/09.md +++ b/2co/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am terrifying you "I am trying to frighten you" - diff --git a/2co/10/10.md b/2co/10/10.md index 02ed89a578..774a16c1cd 100644 --- a/2co/10/10.md +++ b/2co/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his bodily presence is weak "when he is here physically, he is not impressive" - diff --git a/2co/10/11.md b/2co/10/11.md index 2938d2f7e1..9de8658c49 100644 --- a/2co/10/11.md +++ b/2co/10/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # we ... our All instances of these words refer to Paul's ministry team but not the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/12.md b/2co/10/12.md index 7faa8e0330..0d50ce42a4 100644 --- a/2co/10/12.md +++ b/2co/10/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul is speaking of goodness as though it were something whose length people cou # have no insight "show everyone that they do not know anything" - diff --git a/2co/10/13.md b/2co/10/13.md index 69e8af288f..d7452d8414 100644 --- a/2co/10/13.md +++ b/2co/10/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "will not boast about things over which # limits that reach even as far as you Paul speaks of the authority he has as if it were a land over which he rules. Alternate translation: "and you are within the border of our authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/14.md b/2co/10/14.md index 4fa8bc9b94..40165b98f1 100644 --- a/2co/10/14.md +++ b/2co/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we are not overextending ourselves "we are not doing more than we should." Possible meanings are 1) "we are not boasting more than we should" or 2) "we are not claiming to have more authority than we do." - diff --git a/2co/10/15.md b/2co/10/15.md index 64e0faba21..e4f342c219 100644 --- a/2co/10/15.md +++ b/2co/10/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. See how similar words were translated in [2 Corinthians 10:13] # our hope is that "we hope that" or "we desire that" or "we trust that" - diff --git a/2co/10/16.md b/2co/10/16.md index 46aa235a7a..0f3f744fd4 100644 --- a/2co/10/16.md +++ b/2co/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # another's area "an area God has assigned to someone else" - diff --git a/2co/10/17.md b/2co/10/17.md index f4d8141408..50fc632e29 100644 --- a/2co/10/17.md +++ b/2co/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # boast in the Lord "boast about what the Lord has done" - diff --git a/2co/10/18.md b/2co/10/18.md index fe419de881..3c2ccb3950 100644 --- a/2co/10/18.md +++ b/2co/10/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the Lord approve # but the one whom the Lord recommends You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "but it is the one whom the Lord recommends who is approved" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2co/10/intro.md b/2co/10/intro.md index 643557dc53..eb8113bf7a 100644 --- a/2co/10/intro.md +++ b/2co/10/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,26 @@ # 2 Corinthians 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted words of verse 17. In this chapter, Paul returns to defending his authority. He also compares the way he speaks and the way he writes. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Boasting -#### Boasting "Boasting" is often thought of as bragging, which is not good. But in this letter "boasting" means confidently exulting or rejoicing. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor -In verses 3-6, Paul uses many metaphors from war. He probably uses them as part of a larger metaphor about Christians being spiritually at war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +In verses 3-6, Paul uses many metaphors from war. He probably uses them as part of a larger metaphor about Christians being spiritually at war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Flesh +### Flesh "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for a person's sinful nature. Paul is not teaching that our physical bodies are sinful. Paul appears to be teaching that as long as Christians are alive ("in the flesh"), we will continue to sin. But our new nature will be fighting against our old nature. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]) @@ -28,4 +29,3 @@ In verses 3-6, Paul uses many metaphors from war. He probably uses them as part * __[2 Corinthians 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/11/01.md b/2co/11/01.md index 981e1cb6d3..d8f6163f97 100644 --- a/2co/11/01.md +++ b/2co/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to affirm his apostleship. # put up with me in some foolishness "allow me to act like a fool" - diff --git a/2co/11/02.md b/2co/11/02.md index b88259ae7b..4483722ba6 100644 --- a/2co/11/02.md +++ b/2co/11/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words speak of a good, strong desire that the Corinthians be faithful to C # I promised you in marriage to one husband. I promised to present you as a pure virgin to Christ Paul speaks of his care for the Corinthian believers as if he had promised another man that he would prepare his daughter to marry him and he is most concerned that he be able to keep his promise to the man. Alternate translation: "I was like a father who promised to present his daughter to one husband. I promised to keep you as a pure virgin so I could give you to Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/03.md b/2co/11/03.md index 651ad86226..d0579ef960 100644 --- a/2co/11/03.md +++ b/2co/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your thoughts might be led astray away Paul speaks of thoughts as if they were animals that people could lead along the wrong path. Alternate translation: "someone might cause you to believe lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/04.md b/2co/11/04.md index edc5d5c94f..9c739c2e55 100644 --- a/2co/11/04.md +++ b/2co/11/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul lists three situations that are likely to happen or may have actually happe # put up with these things "deal with these things." See how these words were translated in [2 Corinthians 11:1](../11/01.md). - diff --git a/2co/11/05.md b/2co/11/05.md index 8fe1b81c2b..37794bfd18 100644 --- a/2co/11/05.md +++ b/2co/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those so-called super-apostles Paul uses irony here to show that those teachers are less important then people say there are. Alternate translation: "those teachers whom some think are better than anyone else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/06.md b/2co/11/06.md index a05f6114e7..b82cd2c5f5 100644 --- a/2co/11/06.md +++ b/2co/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am not untrained in knowledge This negative phrase emphasizes the positive truth that he is trained in knowledge. The abstract noun "knowledge" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "I am certainly trained in knowledge" or "I am trained to know what they know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/07.md b/2co/11/07.md index 88b478e994..5de9dfa37b 100644 --- a/2co/11/07.md +++ b/2co/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is beginning to claim that he treated the Corinthians well. This rhetorical # freely preached the gospel of God to you "preached the gospel of God to you without expecting anything from you in return" - diff --git a/2co/11/08.md b/2co/11/08.md index fcbf4b17a2..984360bbc5 100644 --- a/2co/11/08.md +++ b/2co/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an exaggeration to emphasize that Paul received money from churches who # I could serve you The full meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "I could serve you at no cost" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/09.md b/2co/11/09.md index abf456ef59..f82106fcc3 100644 --- a/2co/11/09.md +++ b/2co/11/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These "brothers" were probably all male. # I will continue to do that "I never will be a burden to you" - diff --git a/2co/11/10.md b/2co/11/10.md index 630cc1e8f1..639c9580ad 100644 --- a/2co/11/10.md +++ b/2co/11/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to what Paul spoke about starting in ([2 Corinthians 11:7](../11/07. # parts of Achaia "regions of Achaia." The word "parts" speaks of areas of land, not political divisions. - diff --git a/2co/11/11.md b/2co/11/11.md index 068e0782d2..7d07fad9f7 100644 --- a/2co/11/11.md +++ b/2co/11/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses rhetorical questions to emphasize love for the Corinthians. These ques # God knows You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "God knows I love you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/12.md b/2co/11/12.md index 4f77a881eb..07f19cd30d 100644 --- a/2co/11/12.md +++ b/2co/11/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of a false claim that his enemies state as if it were something that # us in the things they boast about "us, as they are boasting that they are" - diff --git a/2co/11/13.md b/2co/11/13.md index cb2c412b82..e59b4e8d9a 100644 --- a/2co/11/13.md +++ b/2co/11/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # disguise themselves as apostles "are not apostles, but they try to make themselves look like apostles" - diff --git a/2co/11/14.md b/2co/11/14.md index 4a1eedac38..0b8667b1ee 100644 --- a/2co/11/14.md +++ b/2co/11/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ By stating this in a negative form Paul is emphasizing that the Corinthians shou # an angel of light Here "light" is a metaphor for righteousness. Alternate translation: "an angel of righteousness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/15.md b/2co/11/15.md index c5d02c5abc..d1e5205aee 100644 --- a/2co/11/15.md +++ b/2co/11/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ By stating this in a negative form Paul is emphasizing that the Corinthians shou # his servants also disguise themselves as servants of righteousness "his servants are not servants of righteousness, but they try to make themselves look like servants of righteousness" - diff --git a/2co/11/16.md b/2co/11/16.md index 34dd33c62d..3c8ce51ed9 100644 --- a/2co/11/16.md +++ b/2co/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # receive me as a fool so I may boast a little "receive me as you would receive a fool: let me talk, and consider my boasting the words of a fool" - diff --git a/2co/11/17.md b/2co/11/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2co/11/17.md +++ b/2co/11/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2co/11/18.md b/2co/11/18.md index acea873f0c..4a68dfab4f 100644 --- a/2co/11/18.md +++ b/2co/11/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the metonym "flesh" refers to man in his sinful nature and his achievements # I will also boast Paul uses the word "boast" ironically. See how you translated "boasting" in [2 Corinthians 1:12](../01/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/19.md b/2co/11/19.md index 740073e859..f825256852 100644 --- a/2co/11/19.md +++ b/2co/11/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # You are wise yourselves! Paul is shaming the Corinthians by using irony. Alternate translation: "You think you are wise, but you are not!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/20.md b/2co/11/20.md index 07db6dc02f..3c82243c9c 100644 --- a/2co/11/20.md +++ b/2co/11/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of the super-apostles' taking people's material resources as if they # takes advantage of you A person takes advantage of another person by knowing things that the other person does not and using that knowledge to help himself and harm the other person. - diff --git a/2co/11/21.md b/2co/11/21.md index de9149d9fb..9c8cdabece 100644 --- a/2co/11/21.md +++ b/2co/11/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Yet if anyone is bold ... I too will be bold "Whatever anyone boasts about ... I will dare to boast about it also." Paul's boldness here is the boldness to boast. - diff --git a/2co/11/22.md b/2co/11/22.md index e943e548b4..2cdbf7b387 100644 --- a/2co/11/22.md +++ b/2co/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Are they Hebrews? ... Are they Israelites? ... Are they descendants of Abraham? Paul is asking questions the Corinthians might be asking and then answering them to emphasize that he is as much a Jew as the super-apostles are. You should keep the question-and-answer form if possible. Alternate translation: "They want you to think they are important and to believe what they say because they are Hebrews and Israelites and descendants of Abraham. Well, so am I." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/23.md b/2co/11/23.md index ed6ae58302..08b9671241 100644 --- a/2co/11/23.md +++ b/2co/11/23.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This is an idiom, and is exaggerated to emphasize that he had been beaten many, # in facing many deadly dangers "and I have almost died many times" - diff --git a/2co/11/24.md b/2co/11/24.md index 496d6c6422..e55e62a3c3 100644 --- a/2co/11/24.md +++ b/2co/11/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # forty lashes minus one This was a common expression for being whipped 39 times. In Jewish law the most they were allowed to whip a person at one time was forty lashes. So they commonly whipped a person thirty-nine times so that they would not be guilty of whipping someone too many times if they accidentally counted wrong. - diff --git a/2co/11/25.md b/2co/11/25.md index 88359c8d33..0a05fe57eb 100644 --- a/2co/11/25.md +++ b/2co/11/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people threw stones a # I have spent a night and a day on the open sea Paul was referring to floating in the water after the ship he was on sank. - diff --git a/2co/11/26.md b/2co/11/26.md index 2ce2118298..6641893a40 100644 --- a/2co/11/26.md +++ b/2co/11/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in danger from false brothers The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "and in danger from people who claimed to be brothers in Christ, but who betrayed us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/27.md b/2co/11/27.md index c8ca3ef931..d92d600cca 100644 --- a/2co/11/27.md +++ b/2co/11/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This hendiadys emphasizes how hard Paul worked. Alternate translation: "extremel # nakedness Here Paul exaggerates to show his need of clothing. Alternate translation: "without enough clothing to keep me warm" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/28.md b/2co/11/28.md index 14151ac6c2..8c65bc20d6 100644 --- a/2co/11/28.md +++ b/2co/11/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there is the daily pressure of my concern for all the churches Here Paul's concern for the churches is spoken of as if it were a heavy object weighing him down. Alternate translation: "I am so concerned everyday for all the churches that I feel like I have a heavy object weighing me down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/29.md b/2co/11/29.md index 9fe34b9122..75e9b939e8 100644 --- a/2co/11/29.md +++ b/2co/11/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of sin as if it were tripping over something and then falling. Alter # I do not burn Paul speaks of being angry about sin as if he had a fire inside his body. Alternate translation: "I am not angry about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/30.md b/2co/11/30.md index b04606c310..1bef391b1f 100644 --- a/2co/11/30.md +++ b/2co/11/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what shows my weaknesses "what shows how weak I am" - diff --git a/2co/11/31.md b/2co/11/31.md index cf658e038b..eeb189a58b 100644 --- a/2co/11/31.md +++ b/2co/11/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am not lying Paul is using litotes to emphasize that he is telling the truth. Alternate translation: "I am telling the absolute truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/32.md b/2co/11/32.md index f428bbfd83..0db917151d 100644 --- a/2co/11/32.md +++ b/2co/11/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to arrest me "so that they might catch and arrest me" - diff --git a/2co/11/33.md b/2co/11/33.md index 84f33adc37..2dc6c5c08c 100644 --- a/2co/11/33.md +++ b/2co/11/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "some people put me in # from his hands Paul uses the governor's hands as metonymy for the governor. Alternate translation: "from the governor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/11/intro.md b/2co/11/intro.md index 1ac56840c0..7f0d297630 100644 --- a/2co/11/intro.md +++ b/2co/11/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,26 @@ # 2 Corinthians 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter, Paul continues defending his authority. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### False teaching -#### False teaching The Corinthians were quick to accept false teachers who taught things about Jesus and the gospel that were different from what Paul taught and that were not true. Unlike these false teachers, Paul sacrificially served the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/goodnews]]) -#### Light -Light is commonly used in the New Testament as a metaphor. Paul here uses light to indicate the revealing of God and his righteousness. Darkness describes sin. Sin seeks to remain hidden from God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/light]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/darkness]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### Light -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +Light is commonly used in the New Testament as a metaphor. Paul here uses light to indicate the revealing of God and his righteousness. Darkness describes sin. Sin seeks to remain hidden from God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/light]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/darkness]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Metaphor +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor Paul begins this chapter with an extended metaphor. He compares himself to a father who is giving his daughter, a pure virgin, as a bride to her bridegroom. Wedding practices change depending on the cultural background. But the idea of helping to present someone as a grown and holy child is explicitly pictured in this passage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Irony +### Irony This chapter is full of irony. Paul is hoping to shame the Corinthian believers with his irony. @@ -28,18 +30,19 @@ The statement, "For you gladly put up with fools. You are wise yourselves!" mean "I will say to our shame that we were too weak to do that." Paul is speaking about behavior he thinks is very wrong in order to avoid it. He is speaking as if he thinks he is wrong for not doing it. He uses a rhetorical question also as irony. "Did I sin by humbling myself so you might be exalted?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/apostle]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions In refuting the false apostles, who claim to be superior, Paul uses a series of rhetorical questions. Each question is coupled with an answer: "Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I. Are they servants of Christ? (I speak as though I were out of my mind.) I am more." He also uses a series of rhetorical questions to empathize with his converts: "Who is weak, and I am not weak? Who has been caused to stumble, and I do not burn?" -#### "Are they servants of Christ?" +### "Are they servants of Christ?" + This is sarcasm, a special type of irony used to mock or insult. Paul does not believe these false teachers actually serve Christ, only that they pretend to do so. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A "paradox" is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. This sentence in verse 30 is a paradox: "If I must boast, I will boast about what shows my weaknesses." Paul does not explain why he would boast in his weakness until 2 Corinthians 12:9. ([2 Corinthians 11:30](./30.md)) @@ -48,4 +51,3 @@ A "paradox" is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. T * __[2 Corinthians 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/12/01.md b/2co/12/01.md index a056059335..fa0972c3b6 100644 --- a/2co/12/01.md +++ b/2co/12/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In defending the apostleship that God gave him, Paul continues to state specific # visions and revelations from the Lord Possible meanings are 1) Paul uses the words "visions" and "revelations" to mean the same thing in hendiadys for emphasis. Alternate translation: "things that the Lord has allowed only me to see" or 2) Paul is speaking of two different things. Alternate translation: "secret things that the Lord has let me see with my eyes and other secrets that he has told me about" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/02.md b/2co/12/02.md index 710e45db22..cf3714b669 100644 --- a/2co/12/02.md +++ b/2co/12/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul continues to describe himself as if this happened to another person. "I do # the third heaven This refers to the dwelling place of God rather than the sky or outer space (the planets, stars, and the universe). - diff --git a/2co/12/03.md b/2co/12/03.md index 60eced4930..3ed49925a5 100644 --- a/2co/12/03.md +++ b/2co/12/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Paul continues to speak of himself as though he were speaking of someone else. - diff --git a/2co/12/04.md b/2co/12/04.md index 15d88255bd..dc8d45826f 100644 --- a/2co/12/04.md +++ b/2co/12/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) heaven or 2) the third heaven or 3) a special place in # inexpressible words Possible meanings of "inexpressible" are that 1) Paul means something other than "it is unlawful for people to speak" these words, and so people are unable to communicate the ideas expressed in the words or 2) Paul means the same thing as "it is unlawful for people to speak" these words, emphasizing that God does not permit people to speak the words. - diff --git a/2co/12/05.md b/2co/12/05.md index 2114c14edd..6f0062894f 100644 --- a/2co/12/05.md +++ b/2co/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will not boast, except about my weaknesses This double negative emphasizes that Paul will boast only about his weaknesses. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I will boast only of my weaknesses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/06.md b/2co/12/06.md index 88b24f01da..d0ce3aaac7 100644 --- a/2co/12/06.md +++ b/2co/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no one will think more of me than what he sees in me or hears from me "no one will give me more credit than what he sees in me or hears from me" - diff --git a/2co/12/07.md b/2co/12/07.md index c4530d610d..088fe4657e 100644 --- a/2co/12/07.md +++ b/2co/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + This verse reveals that Paul was speaking about himself beginning in [2 Corinthians 12:2](../12/02.md). # Connecting Statement: @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ Here Paul's physical problems are compared to a thorn piercing his flesh. Altern # a messenger from Satan "a servant of Satan" - diff --git a/2co/12/08.md b/2co/12/08.md index e36d0b06e8..14d3fb28a2 100644 --- a/2co/12/08.md +++ b/2co/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul put these words at the beginning of the sentence to emphasize that he had p # Lord about this "Lord about this thorn in the flesh," or "Lord about this affliction" - diff --git a/2co/12/09.md b/2co/12/09.md index eabb08213a..5459c8f3d0 100644 --- a/2co/12/09.md +++ b/2co/12/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the power of Christ might reside on me Paul speaks of Christ's power as if it were a tent built over him. Possible meanings are 1) "people might see that I have the power of Christ" or 2) "I might truly have the power of Christ." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/10.md b/2co/12/10.md index 7678029dba..5bb63da5f0 100644 --- a/2co/12/10.md +++ b/2co/12/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "I am content in weakness ... situations if these thing # For whenever I am weak, then I am strong Paul is saying that when he is no longer strong enough to do what needs to be done, Christ, who is more powerful than Paul could ever be, will work through Paul to do what needs to be done. However, it would be best to translate these words literally, if your language allows. - diff --git a/2co/12/11.md b/2co/12/11.md index b0ced1212c..ffc92ac26c 100644 --- a/2co/12/11.md +++ b/2co/12/11.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ By using the negative form, Paul is saying strongly that those Corinthians who t # super-apostles Paul uses irony here to show that those teachers are less important then people say they are. See how this is translated in [2 Corinthians 11:5](../11/05.md). Alternate translation: "those teachers whom some think are better than anyone else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/12.md b/2co/12/12.md index 89dd79ff60..af40ed402d 100644 --- a/2co/12/12.md +++ b/2co/12/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Use the same word both times. # signs and wonders and miracles These are the "true signs of an apostle" that Paul performed "with complete perseverance." - diff --git a/2co/12/13.md b/2co/12/13.md index 07b427acfe..65b334bd67 100644 --- a/2co/12/13.md +++ b/2co/12/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is being ironic to shame the Corinthians. Both he and they know that he has # this wrong not asking them for money and other things he needed - diff --git a/2co/12/14.md b/2co/12/14.md index eb739d2bc7..43799cb349 100644 --- a/2co/12/14.md +++ b/2co/12/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # children should not save up for the parents Young children are not responsible for saving money or other goods to give to their healthy parents. - diff --git a/2co/12/15.md b/2co/12/15.md index 88af9479a6..564155048d 100644 --- a/2co/12/15.md +++ b/2co/12/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation # more It is not clear what it is that Paul's love is "more" than. It is probably best to use "very much" or a "so much" that can be compared to "so little" later in the sentence. - diff --git a/2co/12/16.md b/2co/12/16.md index 2369f35694..80aab11bd4 100644 --- a/2co/12/16.md +++ b/2co/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But since I am so crafty, I am the one who caught you by deceit Paul uses irony to shame the Corinthians who think he lied to them even if he did not ask them for money. Alternate translation: "But others think I was deceptive and used trickery" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/17.md b/2co/12/17.md index 2b810e9ce0..d225ad8fbb 100644 --- a/2co/12/17.md +++ b/2co/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did I take advantage of you by anyone I sent to you? Both Paul and the Corinthians know the answer is no. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one that I sent to you has taken advantage of you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/18.md b/2co/12/18.md index fecf4108de..89b70a074c 100644 --- a/2co/12/18.md +++ b/2co/12/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of living as if it were walking on a road. Possible meanings of "spi # Did we not walk in the same steps? Paul speaks of living as if it were walking on a road. Both Paul and the Corinthians know the answer to the question is yes. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "We all did things the same way." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/19.md b/2co/12/19.md index 3633608488..0dc442ee9c 100644 --- a/2co/12/19.md +++ b/2co/12/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents the presence of God. Paul and his coworkers are aware that God i # and all for your strengthening The reason Paul and his coworkers speak in Christ is so that the Corinthians might be strenthened. Paul speaks of knowing how to obey God and desiring to obey him as if it were physical growth. Alternate translation: "and we do all this in order to strengthen you" or "and we do all this so that you may know God and obey him better" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/20.md b/2co/12/20.md index 5a128ddae8..c53054b4c3 100644 --- a/2co/12/20.md +++ b/2co/12/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # there may be quarreling, jealousy, outbursts of anger, rivalries, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorder The abstract nouns "quarreling, jealousy, outbursts of anger, rivalries, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorder" can be translated using verbs. Possible meanings are 1) "some of you will be arguing with us, jealous of us, suddenly becoming very angry with us, trying to take our places as leaders, speaking falsely about us, telling about our private lives, being proud, and opposing us as we try to lead you" or 2) "some of you will be arguing with each other, jealous of each other, suddenly becoming very angry with each other, quarreling with each other over who will be the leader, speaking falsely about each other, telling about each other's private lives, being proud, and opposing those whom God has chosen to lead you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/21.md b/2co/12/21.md index d1941cd8ae..c8612fd8d6 100644 --- a/2co/12/21.md +++ b/2co/12/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "immorality" can be translated as "immoral deeds." Alternate t # of the ... lustful indulgence The abstract noun "indulgence" can be translated using a verb phrase. Alternate translation: "of ... doing things that satisfy immoral sexual desire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2co/12/intro.md b/2co/12/intro.md index d15eef78e6..75d2109f06 100644 --- a/2co/12/intro.md +++ b/2co/12/intro.md @@ -1,33 +1,34 @@ # 2 Corinthians 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul continues defending his authority in this chapter. When Paul was with the Corinthians, he proved himself to be an apostle by his powerful deeds. He had not ever taken anything from them. Now that he is coming for the third time, he will still not take anything. He hopes that when he visits, he will not need to be harsh with them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/apostle]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Paul's vision +### Paul's vision Paul now defends his authority by telling about a wonderful vision of heaven. Although he speaks in the third person in verses 2-5, verse 7 indicates that he was the person who experienced the vision. It was so great a vision that God gave him a physical handicap to keep him humble. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) -#### Third heaven -Many scholars believe the "third" heaven is the dwelling place of God. This is because Scripture also uses "heaven" to refer to the sky (the "first" heaven) and the universe (the "second" heaven). +### Third heaven -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +Many scholars believe the "third" heaven is the dwelling place of God. This is because Scripture also uses "heaven" to refer to the sky (the "first" heaven) and the universe (the "second" heaven). -#### Rhetorical questions +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions Paul uses many rhetorical questions as he defends himself against his enemies who accused him: "For how were you less important than the rest of the churches, except that I was not a burden to you?" "Did Titus take advantage of you? Did we not walk in the same way? Did we not walk in the same steps?" and "Do you think all of this time we have been defending ourselves to you?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -#### Sarcasm +### Sarcasm -Paul uses sarcasm, a special type of irony, when he reminds them how he had helped them at no cost. He says, "Forgive me for this wrong!" He also uses regular irony when he says: "But, since I am so crafty, I am the one who caught you by deceit." He uses it to introduce his defense against this accusation by showing how impossible it was to be true. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) +Paul uses sarcasm, a special type of irony, when he reminds them how he had helped them at no cost. He says, "Forgive me for this wrong!" He also uses regular irony when he says: "But, since I am so crafty, I am the one who caught you by deceit." He uses it to introduce his defense against this accusation by showing how impossible it was to be true. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A "paradox" is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. This sentence in verse 5 is a paradox: "I will not boast, except about my weaknesses." Most people do not boast about being weak. This sentence in verse 10 is also a paradox: "For whenever I am weak, then I am strong." In verse 9, Paul explains why both of these statements are true. ([2 Corinthians 12:5](./05.md)) @@ -36,4 +37,3 @@ A "paradox" is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. T * __[2 Corinthians 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2co/13/01.md b/2co/13/01.md index 4a438175d5..bb506c518e 100644 --- a/2co/13/01.md +++ b/2co/13/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul establishes that Christ is speaking through him and that Paul is wanting to # Every matter must be established by the mouth of two or three witnesses Here a "matter" is an accusation and "mouth" is a metonym for the testimony a person gives through his mouth. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Believe that someone has done something wrong only after two or three people have given the same testimony" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2co/13/02.md b/2co/13/02.md index 6325cf9a6c..0da095788f 100644 --- a/2co/13/02.md +++ b/2co/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the rest "all you other people" - diff --git a/2co/13/03.md b/2co/13/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2co/13/03.md +++ b/2co/13/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2co/13/04.md b/2co/13/04.md index 26a4e577f6..e74c12efad 100644 --- a/2co/13/04.md +++ b/2co/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be made active. Alternate translation: "they crucified him" (See: [[rc: # but we will live with him by the power of God God gives us the power and ability to live life in and with him. - diff --git a/2co/13/05.md b/2co/13/05.md index 6ff8733242..3c9dba9489 100644 --- a/2co/13/05.md +++ b/2co/13/05.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ Possible meanings are 1) living inside each individual or 2) "among you," part o # you have failed the test -"you have examined and tested yourself and found that you are not in the faith and Jesus Christ is not in you" \ No newline at end of file +"you have examined and tested yourself and found that you are not in the faith and Jesus Christ is not in you" diff --git a/2co/13/06.md b/2co/13/06.md index c8a2fb924b..2acebe4ce1 100644 --- a/2co/13/06.md +++ b/2co/13/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I hope that "I desire that" or "I trust that" - diff --git a/2co/13/07.md b/2co/13/07.md index 9b290d0eef..0f167928b9 100644 --- a/2co/13/07.md +++ b/2co/13/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to have passed the test "to be great teachers and live the truth" - diff --git a/2co/13/08.md b/2co/13/08.md index 6e807ea23b..d5ae56c118 100644 --- a/2co/13/08.md +++ b/2co/13/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # truth, but only for the truth "truth; everything we do will enable people to learn the truth" - diff --git a/2co/13/09.md b/2co/13/09.md index 788c36c257..dfd6e3cad4 100644 --- a/2co/13/09.md +++ b/2co/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # may be made complete "may become spiritually mature" - diff --git a/2co/13/10.md b/2co/13/10.md index 64f04cb074..aa4b294733 100644 --- a/2co/13/10.md +++ b/2co/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that I may build you up, and not tear you down Paul speaks of helping the Corinthians to know Christ better as if he were constructing a building. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Corinthians 10:8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: "to help you become better followers of Christ and not to discourage you so you stop following him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2co/13/11.md b/2co/13/11.md index 8425cfc9fb..a8a9002ea8 100644 --- a/2co/13/11.md +++ b/2co/13/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul closes his letter to the Corinthian believers. # think alike "agree with one another" or "live in harmony with one another" - diff --git a/2co/13/12.md b/2co/13/12.md index b006be0f0b..4ba2e0a6c3 100644 --- a/2co/13/12.md +++ b/2co/13/12.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ # God's holy people -"those whom God has set apart for himself" \ No newline at end of file +"those whom God has set apart for himself" diff --git a/2co/13/intro.md b/2co/13/intro.md index 50b7188630..63556aa24c 100644 --- a/2co/13/intro.md +++ b/2co/13/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,23 @@ # 2 Corinthians 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -In this chapter, Paul finishes defending his authority. He then concludes the letter with a final greeting and blessing. +In this chapter, Paul finishes defending his authority. He then concludes the letter with a final greeting and blessing. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Preparation -Paul instructs the Corinthians as he prepares to visit them. He is hoping to avoid needing to discipline anyone in the church so he can visit them joyfully. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]]) +### Preparation + +Paul instructs the Corinthians as he prepares to visit them. He is hoping to avoid needing to discipline anyone in the church so he can visit them joyfully. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]]) + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Power and weakness -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Power and weakness Paul repeatedly uses the contrasting words "power" and "weakness" in this chapter. The translator should use words that are understood to be opposites of each other. -#### "Examine yourselves to see if you are in the faith. Test yourselves." +### "Examine yourselves to see if you are in the faith. Test yourselves." + Scholars are divided over what these sentences mean. Some scholars say that Christians are to test themselves to see whether their actions align with their Christian faith. The context favors this understanding. Others say these sentences mean that Christians should look at their actions and question whether they are genuinely saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +25,3 @@ Scholars are divided over what these sentences mean. Some scholars say that Chri * __[2 Corinthians 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/2co/front/intro.md b/2co/front/intro.md index f380c66561..4e1c9190cf 100644 --- a/2co/front/intro.md +++ b/2co/front/intro.md @@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ ### Who wrote the Book of 2 Corinthians? -Paul was the author. He was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus. +Paul was the author. He was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus. Paul started the church in Corinth. He was staying in the city of Ephesus when he wrote this letter. ### What is the Book of 2 Corinthians about? -In 2 Corinthians, Paul continued to write about the conflicts among the Christians in the city of Corinth. It is clear in this letter that the Corinthians had obeyed his previous instructions to them. In 2 Corinthians, Paul encouraged them to live in a way that would please God. +In 2 Corinthians, Paul continued to write about the conflicts among the Christians in the city of Corinth. It is clear in this letter that the Corinthians had obeyed his previous instructions to them. In 2 Corinthians, Paul encouraged them to live in a way that would please God. Paul also wrote to assure them that Jesus Christ sent him as an apostle to preach the Gospel. Paul wanted them to understand this because a group of Jewish Christians opposed what he was doing. They claimed Paul was not sent by God and that he was teaching a false message. This group of Jewish Christians wanted Gentile Christians to obey the law of Moses. @@ -47,10 +47,8 @@ In this book, the word "I" refers to Paul. Also, the word "you" is almost always The scriptures use such words to indicate any one of various ideas. For this reason, it is often difficult for translators to represent them well in their versions. In translating into English, the ULB uses the following principles: * Sometimes the meaning in a passage implies moral holiness. Especially important for understanding the gospel is the fact that God considers Christians to be sinless because they are united to Jesus Christ. Another related fact is that God is perfect and faultless. A third fact is that Christians are to conduct themselves in a blameless, faultless manner in life. In these cases, the ULB uses "holy," "holy God," "holy ones," or "holy people." - * The meaning in most passages in 2 Corinthians is a simple reference to Christians without implying any particular role filled by them. In these cases, the ULB uses "believer" or "believers." (See: 1:1; 8:4; 9:1, 12; 13:13) - -* Sometimes the meaning in the passage implies the idea of someone or something set apart for God alone. In these cases, the ULB uses "set apart," "dedicated to," "reserved for," or "sanctified." +* Sometimes the meaning in the passage implies the idea of someone or something set apart for God alone. In these cases, the ULB uses "set apart," "dedicated to," "reserved for," or "sanctified." The UDB will often be helpful as translators think about how to represent these ideas in their own versions. @@ -69,4 +67,3 @@ Paul's message was that God makes Christians part of a "new world" when a person * "and in your love for us" (8:7). Many versions, including the ULB and UDB, read this way. However, many other translations read, "and in our love for you." There is strong evidence that each reading is original. Translators should probably follow the reading preferred by other versions in their region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/2jn/01/01.md b/2jn/01/01.md index e7fcba9755..14ae75e149 100644 --- a/2jn/01/01.md +++ b/2jn/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to John, the apostle and disciple of Jesus. He refers to himself as # to the chosen lady and her children This probably refers to a congregation and the believers that belong to it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2jn/01/02.md b/2jn/01/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2jn/01/02.md +++ b/2jn/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2jn/01/03.md b/2jn/01/03.md index 8493b4388b..f16e8fa6fd 100644 --- a/2jn/01/03.md +++ b/2jn/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. # in truth and love The word "truth" describes "love." Possibly the phrase means "in true love." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/2jn/01/04.md b/2jn/01/04.md index fad1bd14d8..c93a20168d 100644 --- a/2jn/01/04.md +++ b/2jn/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "your" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # just as we have received this commandment from the Father "just as God the Father commanded us" - diff --git a/2jn/01/05.md b/2jn/01/05.md index 310dea99b7..e1a9eaf399 100644 --- a/2jn/01/05.md +++ b/2jn/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here, "beginning" refers to "when we first believed." Alternate translation: "I # beginning—that we should love one another This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "beginning. He commanded that we should love one another" - diff --git a/2jn/01/06.md b/2jn/01/06.md index f8fbc3ed4f..a1ef1c5c3d 100644 --- a/2jn/01/06.md +++ b/2jn/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is the commandment, just as you heard from the beginning, that you should walk in it Conducting our lives according to God's commands is spoken of as if we were walking in them. The word "it" refers to love. "And he has commanded you, since you first believed, to love one another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2jn/01/07.md b/2jn/01/07.md index 09c6a45bae..5b800d71cb 100644 --- a/2jn/01/07.md +++ b/2jn/01/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Coming in the flesh is a metonym for being a real person. Alternate translation: # This is the deceiver and the antichrist "They are the ones who deceive others and oppose Christ himself" - diff --git a/2jn/01/08.md b/2jn/01/08.md index 680b881a96..84bebce716 100644 --- a/2jn/01/08.md +++ b/2jn/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Another possible meaning is, "the things that we have accomplished." # full reward "complete reward in heaven" - diff --git a/2jn/01/09.md b/2jn/01/09.md index 94ee4ef3a7..965e1a82d5 100644 --- a/2jn/01/09.md +++ b/2jn/01/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some modern translations read, "transgresses." # the Father and the Son These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/2jn/01/10.md b/2jn/01/10.md index 2561af1cb8..aa10b1f506 100644 --- a/2jn/01/10.md +++ b/2jn/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # receive him into your house Here this means to welcome him and treat him with honor in order to build a relationship with him. - diff --git a/2jn/01/11.md b/2jn/01/11.md index ad1c7eadb1..5be0a44a56 100644 --- a/2jn/01/11.md +++ b/2jn/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # participates in his evil deeds "shares with him in his evil deeds" or "helps him in his evil deeds" - diff --git a/2jn/01/12.md b/2jn/01/12.md index 7c454630da..d39b9237cf 100644 --- a/2jn/01/12.md +++ b/2jn/01/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ John wants to visit his readers but he does not know with certainty that he woul # speak face to face "Speak face to face" here is an idiom, meaning "to speak in their presence." Alternate translation: "speak in your presence" or "speak to you in person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2jn/01/13.md b/2jn/01/13.md index dc0726a837..285e72bbf8 100644 --- a/2jn/01/13.md +++ b/2jn/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "your" in verse 13 is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # The children of your chosen sister Here John speaks of this other church as if it were a sister to the readers' church and the believers that are a part of that church as if they were that church's children. This emphasizes that all believers are a spiritual family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2jn/front/intro.md b/2jn/front/intro.md index 38d640ede3..025518da46 100644 --- a/2jn/front/intro.md +++ b/2jn/front/intro.md @@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ The letter does not give the name of the author. The author only identified hims ### What is the Book of 2 John about? John addressed this letter to someone he called "the chosen lady" and to "her children" (1:1). This could refer to a specific friend and her children. Or it could refer to a specific group of believers or to believers in general. John's purpose in writing this letter was to warn his audience about false teachers. John did not want believers helping or giving money to false teachers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - + ### How should the title of this book be translated? -Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "2 John" or "Second John." Or they may choose a clearer title, such as "The Second Letter from John" or "The Second Letter John Wrote." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "2 John" or "Second John." Or they may choose a clearer title, such as "The Second Letter from John" or "The Second Letter John Wrote." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts @@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ Hospitality was an important concept in the ancient Near East. It was important ### Who were the people John spoke against? The people John spoke against were possibly those who would become known as Gnostics. These people believed that the physical world was evil. Since they believed Jesus was divine, they denied that he was truly human. This is because they thought God would not become human since the physical body is evil. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/01.md b/2ki/01/01.md index 39856a884f..3d5b48ff5c 100644 --- a/2ki/01/01.md +++ b/2ki/01/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Moab rebelled "The people who lived in Moab rebelled" - diff --git a/2ki/01/02.md b/2ki/01/02.md index 1abc1b0295..0afbb86f1c 100644 --- a/2ki/01/02.md +++ b/2ki/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The upper room was built on the roof of the palace. The lattice was made of thin # Baal-Zebub (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/03.md b/2ki/01/03.md index 68359c4a33..95c34f5d44 100644 --- a/2ki/01/03.md +++ b/2ki/01/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This rhetorical question is asked as a rebuke for consulting Baal-Zebub. This ma # consult with Baal-Zebub The word "consult" means to get the opinion of someone about a question. - diff --git a/2ki/01/04.md b/2ki/01/04.md index b5bf7a18a5..38fbe28a5a 100644 --- a/2ki/01/04.md +++ b/2ki/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is Yahweh's message to King Ahaziah. Alternate translation: "Therefore Yahw # You will not come down from the bed to where you have gone up When King Ahaziah was injured, he was placed in a bed. Yahweh said that he will never become well and be able to get out of the bed. Alternate translation: "You will not recover and you will not get up from the bed on which you are lying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/05.md b/2ki/01/05.md index 9c930b123e..0959c9f522 100644 --- a/2ki/01/05.md +++ b/2ki/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When the messengers returned to Ahaziah After meeting with Elijah, the messengers returned to the king instead of going to Ekron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/06.md b/2ki/01/06.md index 7e54676a02..4394bfcb3f 100644 --- a/2ki/01/06.md +++ b/2ki/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is asked as a rebuke for consulting Baal-Zebub. This ma # you will not come down from the bed to which you have gone up When King Ahaziah was injured, he was placed in a bed. Yahweh said that he will never become well and be able to get out of the bed. See how you translated this statement in [2 Kings 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: "you will not recover and you will not get up from the bed on which you are lying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/07.md b/2ki/01/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/01/07.md +++ b/2ki/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/01/08.md b/2ki/01/08.md index 3795026fe0..f10228e002 100644 --- a/2ki/01/08.md +++ b/2ki/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He wore a garment made of hair Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor that speaks of him being very hairy as if his hair were a garment. Alternate translation: "He was very hairy" or 2) "His clothes were made from animal hair" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/09.md b/2ki/01/09.md index fba18865de..b0a1329272 100644 --- a/2ki/01/09.md +++ b/2ki/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king sent the leader of the army with fifty men to bring Elijah back to him. # fifty soldiers "50 soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/10.md b/2ki/01/10.md index c31ce85e27..7261ecdb7d 100644 --- a/2ki/01/10.md +++ b/2ki/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The captain had called Elijah a man of God, but the captain and the king did not # from heaven "from the sky" - diff --git a/2ki/01/11.md b/2ki/01/11.md index 3214a63f8c..bfacb10f15 100644 --- a/2ki/01/11.md +++ b/2ki/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fifty soldiers "50 soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/12.md b/2ki/01/12.md index c92d553d0e..68ee938547 100644 --- a/2ki/01/12.md +++ b/2ki/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The captain had called Elijah a man of God, but the captain and the king did not # fire of God This means that the fire came from God. Alternate translation: "fire from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/13.md b/2ki/01/13.md index b9496252cd..0e973cf31e 100644 --- a/2ki/01/13.md +++ b/2ki/01/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The captain says that his servants are Elijah's servants to show him honor. Alte # let my life and the life of ... be precious in your sight Here Elijah's "sight" represents him judgement or evaluation. The captain is pleading with Elijah to let them live. Alternate translation: "please consider my life and the life of ... as precious to you" or "consider my life and the life of ... to be of worth to you and do not kill us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/14.md b/2ki/01/14.md index 78d872232a..de0d2ee5dc 100644 --- a/2ki/01/14.md +++ b/2ki/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let my life be precious in your sight Here Elijah's "sight" represents him judgement or evaluation. The captain is repeating his request for Elijah to show kindness to him and let him live. Alternate translation: "please be kind to me" or "please allow me to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/15.md b/2ki/01/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/01/15.md +++ b/2ki/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/01/16.md b/2ki/01/16.md index 12d7122cbc..eae3c7fc8b 100644 --- a/2ki/01/16.md +++ b/2ki/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is asked as a rebuke for consulting Baal-Zebub. This ma # you will not come down from the bed where you have gone up When King Ahaziah was injured, he was placed in a bed. Yahweh said that he will never become well and be able to get out of the bed. See how you translated this statement in [2 Kings 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: "you will not recover and you will not get up from the bed where you are lying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/17.md b/2ki/01/17.md index 2f67502b0a..2a6959dbaa 100644 --- a/2ki/01/17.md +++ b/2ki/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the second year of Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah This describes the time that Joram began to reign over Israel by stating how long Jehoram had been reigning over Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "in the second year that Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat was king of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/18.md b/2ki/01/18.md index 0bf5897e74..1b44a0a819 100644 --- a/2ki/01/18.md +++ b/2ki/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written ... Israel? This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they are written ... Israel." or "someone has written about them in ... Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/01/intro.md b/2ki/01/intro.md index d02791278e..96696c6826 100644 --- a/2ki/01/intro.md +++ b/2ki/01/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # 2 Kings 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting 2 Kings is a continuation of 1 Kings. The story of Elijah continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's sovereignty -#### God's sovereignty God is in control of the future. King Ahaziah sent messengers to ask the Philistine god if he would recover from his fall, but this god does not know the future. Because he asked another god instead of Yahweh, Elijah sent the messengers to tell Ahaziah that he would not recover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical question -#### Rhetorical question Elijah rebuked the king with a rhetorical question: "Is it because there is no God in Israel that you are going to consult with Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +24,3 @@ Elijah rebuked the king with a rhetorical question: "Is it because there is no G * __[2 Kings intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/02/01.md b/2ki/02/01.md index b0e9670be5..95b67e5d2c 100644 --- a/2ki/02/01.md +++ b/2ki/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a whirlwind a strong wind that spins around and around - diff --git a/2ki/02/02.md b/2ki/02/02.md index f78d9aba7d..dc001d1643 100644 --- a/2ki/02/02.md +++ b/2ki/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As Yahweh lives, and as you live "As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live." Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elijah are alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: "I solemnly promise you that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/03.md b/2ki/02/03.md index f1e7893883..30c0d71b6a 100644 --- a/2ki/02/03.md +++ b/2ki/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. Alternate translation: "A group of men who were prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/04.md b/2ki/02/04.md index 56b3f2a715..5895c8e783 100644 --- a/2ki/02/04.md +++ b/2ki/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As Yahweh lives, and as you live, I will not leave you "As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live, I will not leave you." Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elijah are alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: "I solemnly promise you that I will not leave you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/05.md b/2ki/02/05.md index 1b9669b7de..00ce862508 100644 --- a/2ki/02/05.md +++ b/2ki/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: "the group of men who were prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/06.md b/2ki/02/06.md index 56b3f2a715..5895c8e783 100644 --- a/2ki/02/06.md +++ b/2ki/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As Yahweh lives, and as you live, I will not leave you "As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live, I will not leave you." Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elijah are alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: "I solemnly promise you that I will not leave you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/07.md b/2ki/02/07.md index fac69876c6..0f5dd21f2a 100644 --- a/2ki/02/07.md +++ b/2ki/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they we # stood opposite them This means that they were standing, facing them. Alternate translation: "stood facing them" or "stood watching them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/08.md b/2ki/02/08.md index 2e156ba059..f70aaeff41 100644 --- a/2ki/02/08.md +++ b/2ki/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ outer piece of clothing used as a covering # on both sides "to the right and the left." This refers to the right and the left of where Elijah struck the water. - diff --git a/2ki/02/09.md b/2ki/02/09.md index 97bcd04da9..5c62daf682 100644 --- a/2ki/02/09.md +++ b/2ki/02/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "before Yahweh takes m # a double portion of your spirit Here Elijah's spirit refers to his spiritual power. Alternate translation: "twice as much of your spiritual power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/10.md b/2ki/02/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/02/10.md +++ b/2ki/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/02/11.md b/2ki/02/11.md index 01ddf4feb2..2b4e34010e 100644 --- a/2ki/02/11.md +++ b/2ki/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the phrase "of fire" means that these were surround by fire. Alternate tran # went up by a whirlwind into heaven "was carried into the sky by a whirlwind." Translate the word "whirlwind" the same as you did in [2 Kings 2:1](../02/01.md). - diff --git a/2ki/02/12.md b/2ki/02/12.md index 270d1032c5..3f074d9432 100644 --- a/2ki/02/12.md +++ b/2ki/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elisha is calling Elijah his respected leader. # tore them into two pieces People would often tear their clothes as a sign of great sadness or grief. Alternate translation: "ripped them in two pieces to show his great sadness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/13.md b/2ki/02/13.md index 657a021c95..95e65d8395 100644 --- a/2ki/02/13.md +++ b/2ki/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cloak The cloak was the outer clothing of a prophet. It was the sign of his job. When Elisha took Elijah's cloak he was saying he was taking Elijah's place as prophet. - diff --git a/2ki/02/14.md b/2ki/02/14.md index 10950e3043..0208b87915 100644 --- a/2ki/02/14.md +++ b/2ki/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The river separated and Elisha walked to the other side on dry ground, the same # on both sides "to the right and the left." This refers to the right and the left of where Elijah struck the water. - diff --git a/2ki/02/15.md b/2ki/02/15.md index 67d13242f4..496e08c94e 100644 --- a/2ki/02/15.md +++ b/2ki/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They are showing him deep respect and acknowledging him as their new leader. # The spirit of Elijah does rest on Elisha Here Elijah's "spirit" refers to his spiritual power. This speaks of Elisha having this spiritual power as if it were something that physically rested upon him. Alternate translation: "Elisha does have the same spiritual power that Elijah did" or "The spiritual power Elijah had is now with Elisha" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/16.md b/2ki/02/16.md index a2b3989cc0..bd13a1f7bd 100644 --- a/2ki/02/16.md +++ b/2ki/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hea # fifty strong men "50 strong men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/17.md b/2ki/02/17.md index 1eb0612775..29f7bbfebe 100644 --- a/2ki/02/17.md +++ b/2ki/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But when they urged Elisha until he was ashamed The sons of the prophets kept asking Elisha until he felt bad about saying "no." Alternate translation: "They kept asking Elisha until he felt bad for denying their request, so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/18.md b/2ki/02/18.md index 041afe41f8..b5b0e01ef8 100644 --- a/2ki/02/18.md +++ b/2ki/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did I not say to you, 'Do not go'? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he had told them previously what would happen. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "I told you that you should not go, because you would not find him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/19.md b/2ki/02/19.md index 510a37fa78..db77b9be05 100644 --- a/2ki/02/19.md +++ b/2ki/02/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The men refer to Elisha here as "my master" to honor him. # fruitful producing good crops - diff --git a/2ki/02/20.md b/2ki/02/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/02/20.md +++ b/2ki/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/02/21.md b/2ki/02/21.md index 1e088afcbe..563116f424 100644 --- a/2ki/02/21.md +++ b/2ki/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh making the bad water pure as if he healed it. Alternate tr # there will be no more death or unfruitful land This also can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: "everyone will live and all the land will be fruitful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/22.md b/2ki/02/22.md index 8f21fa65ab..39ac5a1330 100644 --- a/2ki/02/22.md +++ b/2ki/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the waters have remai # to this day, ... spoke This means that something remains in a certain condition until the present time. Alternate translation: "by the word which Elisha spoke, and have always remained pure since" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/23.md b/2ki/02/23.md index 477e33ac7e..f6170b0d08 100644 --- a/2ki/02/23.md +++ b/2ki/02/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The young boys wanted Elisha to go away from them and expressed this by saying " # baldhead A bald person does not have any hair on their head. The young boys were mocking Elisha for having a bald head. - diff --git a/2ki/02/24.md b/2ki/02/24.md index e97fb76b6f..8000cce596 100644 --- a/2ki/02/24.md +++ b/2ki/02/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # forty-two of the boys "42 of the boys" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/02/25.md b/2ki/02/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/02/25.md +++ b/2ki/02/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/02/intro.md b/2ki/02/intro.md index dfb17aa223..61ef74c53d 100644 --- a/2ki/02/intro.md +++ b/2ki/02/intro.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ # 2 Kings 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter ends the story of Elijah and begins the story of Elisha. +This chapter ends the story of Elijah and begins the story of Elisha. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter Elisha replaces Elijah as the chief prophet of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Elisha replaces Elijah as the chief prophet of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bibl * __[2 Kings 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/03/01.md b/2ki/03/01.md index 74bb1aa311..02727a909d 100644 --- a/2ki/03/01.md +++ b/2ki/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This describes the time that Joram began to reign by stating how long the curren # Joram son of Ahab Sometimes this man is referred to as "Jehoram." This is not the same person as the man mentioned in [2 Kings 1:17](../01/17.md) named "Jehoram." - diff --git a/2ki/03/02.md b/2ki/03/02.md index a0ea335c15..cc91b885dd 100644 --- a/2ki/03/02.md +++ b/2ki/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This compares how much evil he did to being less that the amount that his parent # the sacred stone pillar of Baal This pillar was used in the worship of Baal, though it is unknown what the pillar looked like. Alternate translation: "the sacred stone pillar for worshiping Baal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/03.md b/2ki/03/03.md index 88518b0c22..67bb3c8b85 100644 --- a/2ki/03/03.md +++ b/2ki/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # he did not turn away from them "Turning away" from something is an idiom which means to stop doing it. Alternate translation: "he did not stop committing those sins" or "he continued committing those sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/04.md b/2ki/03/04.md index c8d1d1f2d8..fe5efd978c 100644 --- a/2ki/03/04.md +++ b/2ki/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Mesha had to give these things to the king of Israel because his kingdom was con # 100,000 lambs ... 100,000 rams "one hundred thousand lambs ... one hundred thousand rams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/05.md b/2ki/03/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/03/05.md +++ b/2ki/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/03/06.md b/2ki/03/06.md index 73726e0369..49cbdf0d8e 100644 --- a/2ki/03/06.md +++ b/2ki/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to mobilize all Israel for war "to prepare the people of Israel for war." Here "all Israel" refers to all of the Israelite soldiers. Alternate translation: "to mobilize all of the Israelite soldiers for war" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/07.md b/2ki/03/07.md index ae3a48871f..3a3634fe29 100644 --- a/2ki/03/07.md +++ b/2ki/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jehoshaphat is saying that he and his entire army will fight with King Joram aga # I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses Jehoshaphat is letting Joram use himself, his people, and his horses for his purposes. He speaks of this as if they belonged to Joram. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "We are ready to do whatever you want us to. My soldiers and my horses are ready to help you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/08.md b/2ki/03/08.md index 4806e024c3..a32dbe8e9c 100644 --- a/2ki/03/08.md +++ b/2ki/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # By way of the wilderness of Edom "By going through the wilderness of Edom" - diff --git a/2ki/03/09.md b/2ki/03/09.md index 8d1d6d8459..2dff9583e8 100644 --- a/2ki/03/09.md +++ b/2ki/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the kings accompanied by their armies. Alternate translation: "th # They wandered around Possible meanings are 1) the kings were not sure where they were going, and so they changed direction often or 2) the kings knew where they were going and they walked around Moab ([2 Kings 3:8](../03/08.md)). - diff --git a/2ki/03/10.md b/2ki/03/10.md index 600cbe33ba..736221bbb3 100644 --- a/2ki/03/10.md +++ b/2ki/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king uses a rhetorical question to emphasize how ridiculous and terrible the # to give them into the hand of Moab Here "Moab" refers to its army. Also, "the hand of Moab" refers to the "control" of Moab's army. Alternate translation: "to give us over to Moab's control" or "so the army of Moab will defeat us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/11.md b/2ki/03/11.md index a43ec1fe42..e7ed10c056 100644 --- a/2ki/03/11.md +++ b/2ki/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # who poured water on the hands of Elijah This idiom means that he was Elijah's helper. The phrase "poured water on the hands" is a description of one of the ways he served Elijah. Alternate translation: "who was a helper to Elijah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/12.md b/2ki/03/12.md index 34b8761ef5..09bbd6babd 100644 --- a/2ki/03/12.md +++ b/2ki/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that he is a prophet and that Yahweh tells him what to say. Alternate # went down to him They went to see Elijah and to consult with him about what they should do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "went to see Elisha to ask him what they should do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/13.md b/2ki/03/13.md index f2e4f7b2e5..eea0e0629c 100644 --- a/2ki/03/13.md +++ b/2ki/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he and the king have noth # to give them into the hand of Moab Here the "hand of Moab" refers the Moab's "control." Alternate translation: "to give them over to the control of Moab" or "to allow them to be captured by the Moabite army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/14.md b/2ki/03/14.md index 1f727dd21c..09b9f32b61 100644 --- a/2ki/03/14.md +++ b/2ki/03/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here Jehoshaphat is referred to by his presence. Alternate translation: "I honor # I would not pay any attention to you, or even look at you These two phrases have similar meaning and are used together to emphasize that he would not pay any attention to Joram. Alternate translation: "I would not have anything at all to do with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/15.md b/2ki/03/15.md index eb199e2537..e31314040d 100644 --- a/2ki/03/15.md +++ b/2ki/03/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ someone who plays the harp # the hand of Yahweh came upon Elisha Here Yahweh's "hand" refers to his "power." Alternate translation: "the power of Yahweh came upon Elisha" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/16.md b/2ki/03/16.md index 77ca3c5551..567b75a89c 100644 --- a/2ki/03/16.md +++ b/2ki/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # trenches A trench is a long ditch that workers dig in the ground to collect water. - diff --git a/2ki/03/17.md b/2ki/03/17.md index a2c857e3ec..a8307676e1 100644 --- a/2ki/03/17.md +++ b/2ki/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will fill this rive # you will drink This refers to drinking the water that Yahweh provides. Alternate translation: "you will drink the water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/18.md b/2ki/03/18.md index 1a61dcfa39..d98c937bf7 100644 --- a/2ki/03/18.md +++ b/2ki/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is an easy thing in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "Yahweh considers this as an easy thing to do" or "This is an easy thing for Yahweh to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/19.md b/2ki/03/19.md index 25f5f6575d..8447ad6eb9 100644 --- a/2ki/03/19.md +++ b/2ki/03/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A fortified city is well protected from enemies by such things as high walls or # ruin every good piece of land with rocks This means to put rocks on the fertile land so that it is difficult to use. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "ruin every good piece of land by covering them with rocks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/20.md b/2ki/03/20.md index 78506de5f9..0a2789a0fc 100644 --- a/2ki/03/20.md +++ b/2ki/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # country land, ground - diff --git a/2ki/03/21.md b/2ki/03/21.md index d4e3064e60..b51f8b27bc 100644 --- a/2ki/03/21.md +++ b/2ki/03/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "armor" represents ability to fight. Alternate translation: "all the men wh # the kings had come Here the word "kings" refers to both the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: "the kings had come with their armies" or "the kings and their armies had come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/22.md b/2ki/03/22.md index fe40ad5a6b..a211699884 100644 --- a/2ki/03/22.md +++ b/2ki/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it looked as red as blood This compares the red appearance of the water to the color of blood. Alternate translation: "it was red like blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/23.md b/2ki/03/23.md index 960f7fd68c..73342d97bd 100644 --- a/2ki/03/23.md +++ b/2ki/03/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The soldiers are referring to themselves here as "Moab." Alternate translation: # plunder them "steal their belongings." After an army defeated their enemies, they would often plunder their towns by stealing whatever was left of value. - diff --git a/2ki/03/24.md b/2ki/03/24.md index ed7cb3abca..15978fb49f 100644 --- a/2ki/03/24.md +++ b/2ki/03/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ began to act purposefully # fled before them "ran away from them" - diff --git a/2ki/03/25.md b/2ki/03/25.md index 55907f1124..47a9701d03 100644 --- a/2ki/03/25.md +++ b/2ki/03/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The walls and buildings of the city were made of stones. The meaning of this can # with slings A "sling" is piece of animal skin with long cords at both ends in which a person can put a stone or other small, hard object and throw it a long distance. - diff --git a/2ki/03/26.md b/2ki/03/26.md index fa51630660..e39319e48e 100644 --- a/2ki/03/26.md +++ b/2ki/03/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ soldiers who fight with swords # break through "force their way through." There were many soldiers fighting on the battlefield which made it difficult to move though the crowd. - diff --git a/2ki/03/27.md b/2ki/03/27.md index 1439e1f887..0835ae973a 100644 --- a/2ki/03/27.md +++ b/2ki/03/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ King Mesha burned his son with fire until he died. He did this as an offering to # So there was great anger against Israel Here the word "anger" can be expressed as a verb. There are two possibilities for who is angry here: 1) The Moabite soldiers. Alternate translation: "So the Moabite soldiers were very angry with Israel" or 2) God. Alternate translation: "So God was very angry with Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ki/03/intro.md b/2ki/03/intro.md index 79b73dbf77..63bbe54577 100644 --- a/2ki/03/intro.md +++ b/2ki/03/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,29 @@ # 2 Kings 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of Elisha continues in this chapter. +The story of Elisha continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Victory and defeat -#### Victory and defeat God is in control of victory and defeat. The armies of Israel, Judah and Edom united to attack Moab from the desert for failure to pay tribute. When they ran out of water, they were in desperate condition. Therefore, they asked Elisha (the prophet of God) what to do and he said God would give them water and victory over Moab. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idiom +### Idiom They described Elisha with the idiom, "who poured water on the hands of Elijah," meaning "who served Elijah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Anger -It is said that, "Anger came on Israel." It is not clear who was angry or why they were angry. +### Anger + +It is said that, "Anger came on Israel." It is not clear who was angry or why they were angry. ## Links: * __[2 Kings 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/04/01.md b/2ki/04/01.md index 8b3c3241de..be2614bdd9 100644 --- a/2ki/04/01.md +++ b/2ki/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they we # creditor person who lends other people money - diff --git a/2ki/04/02.md b/2ki/04/02.md index da5927f19a..c6aca9f7cd 100644 --- a/2ki/04/02.md +++ b/2ki/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The woman refers to herself as Elisha's servant to show him honor. # nothing in the house, except a pot of oil This is an exaggeration. Alternate translation: "nothing of value in the house except a pot of oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/03.md b/2ki/04/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/04/03.md +++ b/2ki/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/04/04.md b/2ki/04/04.md index 8e0770a599..cde597b46e 100644 --- a/2ki/04/04.md +++ b/2ki/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must go inside This means to go inside their house. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "you must go inside your house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/05.md b/2ki/04/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/04/05.md +++ b/2ki/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/04/06.md b/2ki/04/06.md index 070cd28e66..bce112dea0 100644 --- a/2ki/04/06.md +++ b/2ki/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the vessels "the jars" - diff --git a/2ki/04/07.md b/2ki/04/07.md index 557dd35140..6e1123199c 100644 --- a/2ki/04/07.md +++ b/2ki/04/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Elisha. Alternate translation: "Elisha, the man of God" (See: [[r # live with your sons on the rest This is an idiom. It means to use the money to buy the things that they need, such as food and clothing. Alternate translation: "use the rest of the money for you and your sons for what you need to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/08.md b/2ki/04/08.md index 0fa3e42328..787dda38e7 100644 --- a/2ki/04/08.md +++ b/2ki/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that she asked him to stop and have a meal at her house. Alternate tr # passed by "traveled through Shunem" - diff --git a/2ki/04/09.md b/2ki/04/09.md index a8629f1030..e67fda8956 100644 --- a/2ki/04/09.md +++ b/2ki/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hea # who is always passing by "who travels by regularly" - diff --git a/2ki/04/10.md b/2ki/04/10.md index 70da2aa26f..4351855557 100644 --- a/2ki/04/10.md +++ b/2ki/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The important woman continues talking to her husband about Elisha. # Let us Here "us" refers to the important woman and her husband. - diff --git a/2ki/04/11.md b/2ki/04/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/04/11.md +++ b/2ki/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/04/12.md b/2ki/04/12.md index 6e10d72379..a9424240ea 100644 --- a/2ki/04/12.md +++ b/2ki/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Call this Shunammite "Call the Shunammite woman." This refers to the woman from Shunem that Elisha was staying with. - diff --git a/2ki/04/13.md b/2ki/04/13.md index adb8757785..2cc720684f 100644 --- a/2ki/04/13.md +++ b/2ki/04/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Elisha is asking if she would like for him to speak to the king or army com # I live among my own people The woman is implying that she does not need anything because her family cares for her needs. Alternate translation: "I live surrounded by my family, and because they take care of me, I have no needs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/14.md b/2ki/04/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/04/14.md +++ b/2ki/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/04/15.md b/2ki/04/15.md index f42f72f2e4..f93bf0d747 100644 --- a/2ki/04/15.md +++ b/2ki/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the door This refers to the doorway. Alternate translation: "the doorway" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/16.md b/2ki/04/16.md index 33549ec65c..e6d2f653e4 100644 --- a/2ki/04/16.md +++ b/2ki/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The woman uses both of these names to refer to Elisha. # your servant The woman refers to herself as Elisha's servant to show him honor. - diff --git a/2ki/04/17.md b/2ki/04/17.md index ef82bb3dcc..1d625206e4 100644 --- a/2ki/04/17.md +++ b/2ki/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at the same time in the following year "during the same season the next year" - diff --git a/2ki/04/18.md b/2ki/04/18.md index 52d72c94e2..a3a25a0a7b 100644 --- a/2ki/04/18.md +++ b/2ki/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When the child had grown "When the child was older" - diff --git a/2ki/04/19.md b/2ki/04/19.md index 6fd6db07ea..c4ee1b9e2b 100644 --- a/2ki/04/19.md +++ b/2ki/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My head, my head. The child said this because his head hurt. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "My head hurts! My head hurts!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/20.md b/2ki/04/20.md index 0c404465fe..1133f29025 100644 --- a/2ki/04/20.md +++ b/2ki/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the child sat on her knees until noon and then died Here the woman's knees refer to her lap. She held her son in her lap until he died. Alternate translation: "she held him on her lap until noon and then he died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/21.md b/2ki/04/21.md index ac3e27d033..2bab613288 100644 --- a/2ki/04/21.md +++ b/2ki/04/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was the bed in the room she had prepared for Elisha when he traveled throug # the man of God "Elisha, the man of God" - diff --git a/2ki/04/22.md b/2ki/04/22.md index 1df489d613..443c949efd 100644 --- a/2ki/04/22.md +++ b/2ki/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that I may hurry to the man of God and then come back The woman told her husband she was going to see Elisha but she did not say that she was going because their son had died. This implicit information may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "that I may hurry to the man of God and then come back.' But she did not tell her husband that their son had died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/23.md b/2ki/04/23.md index 1b86c78ce4..fd436d8da5 100644 --- a/2ki/04/23.md +++ b/2ki/04/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It will be all right "It is well" or "Everything is fine." The woman states this, knowing that the situation will be as it should be if her husband does as she requests. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Everything will be all right if you do as I ask" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/24.md b/2ki/04/24.md index d7581ce24e..c05c1e3b8c 100644 --- a/2ki/04/24.md +++ b/2ki/04/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she saddled a donkey The woman did not saddle the donkey, rather the servant would have saddled it for her. Alternate translation: "she had her servant saddle a donkey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/25.md b/2ki/04/25.md index e568961bdd..3c5914efcb 100644 --- a/2ki/04/25.md +++ b/2ki/04/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # So when the man of God saw her in the distance "While she was still far off, and Elisha saw her coming" - diff --git a/2ki/04/26.md b/2ki/04/26.md index e7c6188e33..1d630dd9b7 100644 --- a/2ki/04/26.md +++ b/2ki/04/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is all right "It is well" or "Yes, everything is fine." The woman is saying that the situation is as it should be, but only because she does not want Gehazi to be involved. She wants to speak only with Elisha. See how you translated "all right" in [2 Kings 4:23](../04/23.md). - diff --git a/2ki/04/27.md b/2ki/04/27.md index 06eda6de82..f7ea6b6167 100644 --- a/2ki/04/27.md +++ b/2ki/04/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This implies that she knelt or lay on the ground in front of him and grabbed his # Yahweh has hidden the problem from me, and has told me nothing Elisha can see that the woman is upset but Yahweh has not revealed to him the cause of her problem. - diff --git a/2ki/04/28.md b/2ki/04/28.md index 1a8fa01434..337567ca19 100644 --- a/2ki/04/28.md +++ b/2ki/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did I ask you for a son, my master? Did I not say, 'Do not deceive me'? The woman uses these rhetorical questions to show that she is upset about what has happened. She is speaking about her conversation with Elisha when he told her that she was going to have a son. These questions may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "I did not ask you to give me a son, but I did ask you not to lie to me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/29.md b/2ki/04/29.md index 7f53b70b30..e88204ed52 100644 --- a/2ki/04/29.md +++ b/2ki/04/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # If you meet any man, do not greet him, and if anyone greets you, do not answer him Elisha wanted Gehazi to travel as quickly as possible, without even stopping to talk to anyone. - diff --git a/2ki/04/30.md b/2ki/04/30.md index 212f9e1083..34b5e7a07d 100644 --- a/2ki/04/30.md +++ b/2ki/04/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As Yahweh lives, and as you live "As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live." This shows that the mother is taking an oath. The mother compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elisha are alive to the certainty of what she is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: "I solemnly promise that" - diff --git a/2ki/04/31.md b/2ki/04/31.md index 9687fc15f9..7b9d22a68b 100644 --- a/2ki/04/31.md +++ b/2ki/04/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the child was not alive. The full meaning of this statement can # has not awakened Here being dead is spoken of as being asleep. Alternate translation: "is still dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/32.md b/2ki/04/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/04/32.md +++ b/2ki/04/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/04/33.md b/2ki/04/33.md index 371beda383..47447135ac 100644 --- a/2ki/04/33.md +++ b/2ki/04/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Elisha went in and shut the door on the two of them and "So Elisha went by himself into the room where the child lay, closed the door, and" - diff --git a/2ki/04/34.md b/2ki/04/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/04/34.md +++ b/2ki/04/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/04/35.md b/2ki/04/35.md index 606f97daf6..5281c84890 100644 --- a/2ki/04/35.md +++ b/2ki/04/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stretched himself out on the boy "lay on top of the boy again" - diff --git a/2ki/04/36.md b/2ki/04/36.md index 727c7e69bb..fc3e382f98 100644 --- a/2ki/04/36.md +++ b/2ki/04/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Shunammite "the Shunammite woman" - diff --git a/2ki/04/37.md b/2ki/04/37.md index f704653114..0527ab4e39 100644 --- a/2ki/04/37.md +++ b/2ki/04/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then she lay facedown on the ground at his feet and bowed to the ground The woman bowed down before Elisha as a sign of great respect and appreciation. Alternate translation: "Then she bowed in front of Elisha with her face to the ground to show him her gratitude" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/38.md b/2ki/04/38.md index 09feef58fc..88596f93ca 100644 --- a/2ki/04/38.md +++ b/2ki/04/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. It does not mean that they were actually the sons of prophets, # stew This is a dish that is usually made of meat and vegetables cooked in a pot with liquid. - diff --git a/2ki/04/39.md b/2ki/04/39.md index 31c51323a9..01148477fd 100644 --- a/2ki/04/39.md +++ b/2ki/04/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He lifted the bottom edge of his robe up to his waist to make a place to carry m # but did not know what kind they were Since they did not know what kind of gourds they were they did not know whether or not they were safe to eat. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "but did not know if they were good or bad to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/40.md b/2ki/04/40.md index b0679ee3a1..7d399e4798 100644 --- a/2ki/04/40.md +++ b/2ki/04/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # there is death in the pot This means that there was something in the pot that could kill them, not that there is something dead in the pot. Alternate translation: "there is something in the pot that will kill us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/41.md b/2ki/04/41.md index e80a827766..2228dc335a 100644 --- a/2ki/04/41.md +++ b/2ki/04/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Pour it out for the people "Serve it to the people" - diff --git a/2ki/04/42.md b/2ki/04/42.md index b0fd291a23..9b63a5f461 100644 --- a/2ki/04/42.md +++ b/2ki/04/42.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ made from the firstfruits of his grain from the new harvest # fresh ears of grain "fresh heads of grain." This refers to grain from the new harvest. - diff --git a/2ki/04/43.md b/2ki/04/43.md index b1214beec9..9df28f8bec 100644 --- a/2ki/04/43.md +++ b/2ki/04/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The man uses this rhetorical question to imply that this is not enough bread to # a hundred men "100 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/44.md b/2ki/04/44.md index 33d9f9b0fb..21df4843e9 100644 --- a/2ki/04/44.md +++ b/2ki/04/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh Here Yahweh is referred to by what he said. This phrase is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/04/intro.md b/2ki/04/intro.md index 29d800e8e8..4fdd9cdbd4 100644 --- a/2ki/04/intro.md +++ b/2ki/04/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of Elisha continues with a group of stories about the miracles Elisha did. (See: [2 Kings 4-6](./01.md) and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) +The story of Elisha continues with a group of stories about the miracles Elisha did. (See: [2 Kings 4-6](./01.md) and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Widow -#### Widow Elisha helps a widow financially, and he correctly prophesies that a barren woman would conceive and have a baby by the next year. Later, when that child dies, Elisha miraculously causes him to come back to life. Also, Elisha causes a poisonous food to no longer be harmful, and he miraculously feeds 100 people with only 20 loaves of bread. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Elisha helps a widow financially, and he correctly prophesies that a barren woma * __[2 Kings 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/05/01.md b/2ki/05/01.md index 75d1f6977e..10be4291d3 100644 --- a/2ki/05/01.md +++ b/2ki/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because by him Yahweh had given victory to Aram Here "Aram" refers to the Aramean army. Alternate translation: "because through Naaman, Yahweh had given victory to the Aramean army" - diff --git a/2ki/05/02.md b/2ki/05/02.md index 499a5ebc8d..09c6457aa5 100644 --- a/2ki/05/02.md +++ b/2ki/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "Arameans" refer to the Aramean soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # in raiding parties "in small groups attacking." This means to go out attacking an enemy in small groups. - diff --git a/2ki/05/03.md b/2ki/05/03.md index fad2c64fb4..bc66c0f006 100644 --- a/2ki/05/03.md +++ b/2ki/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The girl from Israel, who had been captured by the Aramean soldiers, spoke to Na # my master Here "my master" refers to Naaman. - diff --git a/2ki/05/04.md b/2ki/05/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/05/04.md +++ b/2ki/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/05/05.md b/2ki/05/05.md index b9a48db738..abf608dcf7 100644 --- a/2ki/05/05.md +++ b/2ki/05/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king is going to give the letter to Naaman to take with him to the king of I # took with him ten ... clothes This were gifts from the king of Aram for the king of Israel. Alternate translation: "took with him ten ... clothes, which were gifts for the king of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/06.md b/2ki/05/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/05/06.md +++ b/2ki/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/05/07.md b/2ki/05/07.md index 35ce963a63..94a7d8d730 100644 --- a/2ki/05/07.md +++ b/2ki/05/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that the request of the king # It seems he is seeking to start an argument with me The king of Israel did not believe the request to heal Naamam was the real reason for the letter. He thought the real reason was to start a fight. Alternate translation: "It seems he is looking for an excuse to start a fight with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/08.md b/2ki/05/08.md index 4b0f39bc45..d113e9c325 100644 --- a/2ki/05/08.md +++ b/2ki/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elisha talks to the King of Israel about Naaman. # Why have you torn your clothes? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize to the king that he does not need to be distressed and tear his clothes. Alternate translation: "There is no need to be distressed and tear your clothes." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/09.md b/2ki/05/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/05/09.md +++ b/2ki/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/05/10.md b/2ki/05/10.md index 651722be7b..9ade8f3478 100644 --- a/2ki/05/10.md +++ b/2ki/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "your flesh will be w # you will be clean this means that he will no longer be unclean. A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. God considers a person who has leprosy as being defiled and unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/11.md b/2ki/05/11.md index 8acc6792a8..e464b53d3b 100644 --- a/2ki/05/11.md +++ b/2ki/05/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh is referred to by his name. Alternate translation: "Yahweh" (See: [[ # over the place "over the diseased area of my skin" or "over my leprosy" - diff --git a/2ki/05/12.md b/2ki/05/12.md index 14ee351987..c1a7087551 100644 --- a/2ki/05/12.md +++ b/2ki/05/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Naaman uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he could have bathed in t # went away in a rage "was very angry as he walked away" - diff --git a/2ki/05/13.md b/2ki/05/13.md index 6306dde7df..0b2ff0deed 100644 --- a/2ki/05/13.md +++ b/2ki/05/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The servant is comparing how much more willing Naaman should be to obey a simple # How much more, then, when he says to you, 'Dip yourself and be clean'? The servant uses this rhetorical question to emphasize to Naaman that he should obey Elisha's command. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should be even more willing to obey when he says to you, 'Dip yourself and be clean.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/14.md b/2ki/05/14.md index c4e518ba08..e07e74bf28 100644 --- a/2ki/05/14.md +++ b/2ki/05/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks how smooth Namaan's skin is after he is healed by comparing it to th # he was healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his leprosy was gone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/15.md b/2ki/05/15.md index 296bf1422a..e10e87bade 100644 --- a/2ki/05/15.md +++ b/2ki/05/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hea # there is no God in all the earth except in Israel "the only God in all the earth is in Israel" - diff --git a/2ki/05/16.md b/2ki/05/16.md index 07cdca3405..ecd2a2bdee 100644 --- a/2ki/05/16.md +++ b/2ki/05/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here serving Yahweh is spoken of as standing in his presence. Alternate translat # I will receive nothing This means that he will not accept any gifts. Alternate translation: "I will not take any gifts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/17.md b/2ki/05/17.md index 30e5e73ca0..e9434e08c5 100644 --- a/2ki/05/17.md +++ b/2ki/05/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Naaman refers to himself as Elisha's servant to honor him. # will offer neither burnt offering nor sacrifice to any god but Yahweh This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: "will not offer burnt offering or sacrifice to any god but Yahweh" or "will offer burnt offerings and sacrifices only to Yahweh" - diff --git a/2ki/05/18.md b/2ki/05/18.md index f3673046cf..8997c73c44 100644 --- a/2ki/05/18.md +++ b/2ki/05/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is referring to the king of Aram, the king that Namaan works for. # he leans on my hand "he supports himself on my arm." This means that Naaman assists the king when he bows in the house of Rimmon because the king is either old or sick. - diff --git a/2ki/05/19.md b/2ki/05/19.md index e299be776e..1c3d7f8a6c 100644 --- a/2ki/05/19.md +++ b/2ki/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Go in peace "Go home and do not worry" or "Leave without fear" - diff --git a/2ki/05/20.md b/2ki/05/20.md index e1fce7a6c6..5b00150f09 100644 --- a/2ki/05/20.md +++ b/2ki/05/20.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here Naaman is referred to by his hands to emphasize the act of giving. Alternat # As Yahweh lives "As surely as Yahweh lives." Here Gehazi compares the certainty that Yahweh is alive to the certainty of what he has decided to do. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: "As Yahweh lives, I promise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/21.md b/2ki/05/21.md index 2a0dc45aa0..bd00152ef0 100644 --- a/2ki/05/21.md +++ b/2ki/05/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is everything all right "Is everything well" or "Is everything fine." Naaman wants to know if the situation is as it should be. See how you translated "all right" in [2 Kings 4:23](../04/23.md). - diff --git a/2ki/05/22.md b/2ki/05/22.md index 0065fadc31..ce20f8fff7 100644 --- a/2ki/05/22.md +++ b/2ki/05/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This word is used here to draw someone's attention to what is said next. Alterna # a talent of silver This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "33 kilograms of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/23.md b/2ki/05/23.md index 582a154787..1120247d1c 100644 --- a/2ki/05/23.md +++ b/2ki/05/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be written in modern measurements. This talents are of silver. Alternat # Naaman urged Gehazi Naaman urged him to take gifts. Alternate translation: "Naaman urged Gehazi to take the gifts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/24.md b/2ki/05/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/05/24.md +++ b/2ki/05/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/05/25.md b/2ki/05/25.md index 161c2906da..b72db474ec 100644 --- a/2ki/05/25.md +++ b/2ki/05/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your servant Gehazi refers to himself here as Elisha's servant. - diff --git a/2ki/05/26.md b/2ki/05/26.md index 73cca37244..f6d3a15749 100644 --- a/2ki/05/26.md +++ b/2ki/05/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that Yahweh allowed him to see # Is this a time to accept money ... female servants? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that this is not the time take gifts. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "This is not the time to accept money ... female servants." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/27.md b/2ki/05/27.md index 5e9e5798ff..577c29ba42 100644 --- a/2ki/05/27.md +++ b/2ki/05/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "his presence" refers to the area where Elisha could see him. This me # as white as snow Leprosy makes skin white. Here Gehazi's leprous skin is compared to the color of snow. Alternate translation: "with skin that was white like snow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2ki/05/intro.md b/2ki/05/intro.md index 48718c71af..d4ab82f322 100644 --- a/2ki/05/intro.md +++ b/2ki/05/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 2 Kings 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The stories of Elisha's miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The stories of Elisha's miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/di * __[2 Kings 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/06/01.md b/2ki/06/01.md index 27ceba4415..4dccd340b0 100644 --- a/2ki/06/01.md +++ b/2ki/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they we # See now, the place The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hearer to pay attention. "Please listen carefully: the place" See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:16](../02/16.md). - diff --git a/2ki/06/02.md b/2ki/06/02.md index 0116050501..ee2a2aa911 100644 --- a/2ki/06/02.md +++ b/2ki/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let us go to the Jordan This refers to the area by the Jordan River. Alternate translation: "let us go beside the Jordan River" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/03.md b/2ki/06/03.md index dc72540186..471d8b6232 100644 --- a/2ki/06/03.md +++ b/2ki/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your servants Here one of the prophet refers to the of the sons of the prophets as Elisha's servants to show him honor. - diff --git a/2ki/06/04.md b/2ki/06/04.md index 6aba4796fa..1f85996bb7 100644 --- a/2ki/06/04.md +++ b/2ki/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Elisha goes with the prophets to cut trees. - diff --git a/2ki/06/05.md b/2ki/06/05.md index 475ce3d81c..efcac18283 100644 --- a/2ki/06/05.md +++ b/2ki/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The man said this to show that he was upset and frustrated. If you have a way of # it was borrowed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I borrowed it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/06.md b/2ki/06/06.md index f7ff607d0d..c2e0f56459 100644 --- a/2ki/06/06.md +++ b/2ki/06/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God uses Elisha to perform a miracle. The ax head rises to the surface of the wa # the iron "the ax head." The ax head was made of iron. - diff --git a/2ki/06/07.md b/2ki/06/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/06/07.md +++ b/2ki/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/06/08.md b/2ki/06/08.md index cd1ad513e1..4c90df4e62 100644 --- a/2ki/06/08.md +++ b/2ki/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the author starts # saying, "My camp will be in such and such a place The king of Aram was telling his counselors where to set up the camp. Here the phrase "such and such" is a way to refer to the information of the location of the camp without writing it out. If this phase does not translate well into your language this may be written as indirect speech. Alternate translation: "and told them where his camp would be located" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/09.md b/2ki/06/09.md index 8eb7e6f28e..f75af2fd25 100644 --- a/2ki/06/09.md +++ b/2ki/06/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Be careful not to pass that place, for the Arameans are going down there Elisha knew the specific place that the Arameans were going to set up their camp and advised the king of Israel for his soldiers to avoid that area. - diff --git a/2ki/06/10.md b/2ki/06/10.md index d48af6111d..ea18cc1813 100644 --- a/2ki/06/10.md +++ b/2ki/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the place that Elisha had warned the king about in [2 Kings 6:9]( # More than once or twice, when the king went there, he was on his guard Elisha would warn the king of where the Aramean army would attack so that he could alert the people before the attack happened. Alternate translation: "Elisha warned the king of Israel in this way several times and the Israelites were able to stay safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/11.md b/2ki/06/11.md index 68672a3707..b32950010c 100644 --- a/2ki/06/11.md +++ b/2ki/06/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king of Aram assumes there is a traitor among his soldiers who is giving inf # is for the king of Israel "To be for someone" means to be loyal to that person. In this case, it means that they would give information to help the king of Israel. Alternate translation: "is helping the king of Israel" or "is loyal to the king of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/12.md b/2ki/06/12.md index 5abe76d4dd..e85e667039 100644 --- a/2ki/06/12.md +++ b/2ki/06/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the king of Aram. # the words that you speak in your own bedroom "what you say in the privacy of your own bedroom" - diff --git a/2ki/06/13.md b/2ki/06/13.md index eea607cba3..87d5aa4156 100644 --- a/2ki/06/13.md +++ b/2ki/06/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word is used here to draw the king's attention to what is said next. Altern # Dothan This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/14.md b/2ki/06/14.md index e9fb5d8404..35bf5289c6 100644 --- a/2ki/06/14.md +++ b/2ki/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So the king This refers to the king of Aram. - diff --git a/2ki/06/15.md b/2ki/06/15.md index 1cc32e0738..b9295e5d85 100644 --- a/2ki/06/15.md +++ b/2ki/06/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "behold" here shows that the servant was surprised by what he saw. # His servant said to him The servant went back inside the house to tell Elisha what he had seen. Alternate translation: "The servant went back inside and said to Elisha" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/16.md b/2ki/06/16.md index 4aaae25214..7c2eea5546 100644 --- a/2ki/06/16.md +++ b/2ki/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who are with us are more than those who are with them "To be with someone" in battle means to fight for their side. Alternate translation: "those who are on our side in the battle are more than those who are on their side" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/17.md b/2ki/06/17.md index 7af4968282..f001f72c8e 100644 --- a/2ki/06/17.md +++ b/2ki/06/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "Behold" here shows that the servant was surprised by what he saw. # around Elisha This refers to the city where Elisha is. Alternate translation: "around the city where Elisha was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/18.md b/2ki/06/18.md index 1d8d043a41..5db6dbb4a2 100644 --- a/2ki/06/18.md +++ b/2ki/06/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the Aramean soldiers. # Strike these people blind "Cause these people to be blind!" This refers to Yahweh causing them to be unable to see clearly. - diff --git a/2ki/06/19.md b/2ki/06/19.md index 0508c68aec..7e0de636c4 100644 --- a/2ki/06/19.md +++ b/2ki/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is not the way, neither is this the city Elisha confuses the Arameans by telling them that they are not at the city they are searching for. Alternate translation: "This is not the way, neither is this the city you are looking for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/20.md b/2ki/06/20.md index 106484bc66..a2643f8864 100644 --- a/2ki/06/20.md +++ b/2ki/06/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh allowed the men to see clearly again. Alternate translation: "Yahweh took # behold The word "behold" here shows that the Arameans were surprised by what they saw. - diff --git a/2ki/06/21.md b/2ki/06/21.md index f96adf5126..53bba63aea 100644 --- a/2ki/06/21.md +++ b/2ki/06/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king is speaking to Elisha the prophet and calling him "father" to show resp # should I kill them? Should I kill them? Here the king of Israel is referring to his army as himself. Alternate translation: "Should I order my army to kill these enemy soldiers?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/22.md b/2ki/06/22.md index 078b31eee3..dae5f3c0f9 100644 --- a/2ki/06/22.md +++ b/2ki/06/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "Give them food t # go to their master This refers to the king of Aram. - diff --git a/2ki/06/23.md b/2ki/06/23.md index 9bac8de180..ed166180a4 100644 --- a/2ki/06/23.md +++ b/2ki/06/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king ordered his servants to prepare the food. He did not prepare the food h # did not return for a long time into the land of Israel This means that they did not attack Israel for a long time. Alternate translation: "stopped attacking the land of Israel for a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/24.md b/2ki/06/24.md index 208a31c022..b55c26894b 100644 --- a/2ki/06/24.md +++ b/2ki/06/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name of the king of Aram. His name, Ben-Hadad, means "son of Hadad." (See: [ # attacked Samaria The king and his army attacked Samaria. Alternate translation: "they attacked Samaria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/25.md b/2ki/06/25.md index 7bda7fc79f..5fcfd36be5 100644 --- a/2ki/06/25.md +++ b/2ki/06/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is one part out of four equal parts. Alternate translation: "one fourth" or # dove's dung for The words "was sold for" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "dove's dung was sold for" or "dove's dung cost" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/26.md b/2ki/06/26.md index c4506235dd..1bdf92f2b3 100644 --- a/2ki/06/26.md +++ b/2ki/06/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my master The woman referred to the king by this name to show him respect. - diff --git a/2ki/06/27.md b/2ki/06/27.md index 8583ad8dc0..1d7b79a2b4 100644 --- a/2ki/06/27.md +++ b/2ki/06/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king uses this rhetorical question to tell the woman that he cannot help her # Is there anything coming from the threshing floor or winepress? The king uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no food available. Here the threshing floor refers to grain and the winepress refers to wine. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "There is nothing coming from the threshing floor or the winepress." or "There is no food to harvest or any grapes to make wine to drink." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/28.md b/2ki/06/28.md index 3a90de62ee..82067834fe 100644 --- a/2ki/06/28.md +++ b/2ki/06/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The king continued "The king said." This means that they continued talking. - diff --git a/2ki/06/29.md b/2ki/06/29.md index 17125e90e6..a3af706cbd 100644 --- a/2ki/06/29.md +++ b/2ki/06/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we boiled "we cooked" - diff --git a/2ki/06/30.md b/2ki/06/30.md index bc45e27744..ccb65a0c57 100644 --- a/2ki/06/30.md +++ b/2ki/06/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ He had been walking on the city wall when the woman called out to him in [2 King # he had sackcloth underneath, against his skin By wearing sackcloth even for his undergarments, the king showed that he was very sad and upset. Alternate translation: "he had sackcloth underneath his outer garment, against his skin" or "he was wearing sackcloth underneath his robe because he was very upset" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/31.md b/2ki/06/31.md index 1083023179..a8dd36f785 100644 --- a/2ki/06/31.md +++ b/2ki/06/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king is saying he hopes God will punish him and even kill him if Elisha the # if the head of Elisha son of Shaphat remains on him today This refers to Elisha dying, specifically be being beheaded. Alternate translation: "if Elisha son of Shaphat is not beheaded today" or "if my soldiers do not behead Elisha son of Shaphat today" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/32.md b/2ki/06/32.md index 447c83273c..f5f7bc136a 100644 --- a/2ki/06/32.md +++ b/2ki/06/32.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ If a door is shut against someone it means that it is closed and that they may n # Is not the sound of his master's feet behind him? Elisha uses this question to assure the elders that the king is coming not far behind him. This rhetorical question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "The sound of his master's feet is right behind him." or "The king will be coming along soon after he arrives." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/33.md b/2ki/06/33.md index aaae4328fa..9dd51a6689 100644 --- a/2ki/06/33.md +++ b/2ki/06/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The messenger arrived, and so did the king, as Elisha had said he would. The phr # Why should I wait for Yahweh any longer? This king use this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not believe that Yahweh is going to help them. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Why should I continue to wait for Yahweh to help us?" or "I will not wait any longer for help from Yahweh!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/06/intro.md b/2ki/06/intro.md index 9233a6acf4..ed3abe768a 100644 --- a/2ki/06/intro.md +++ b/2ki/06/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 2 Kings 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The stories of Elisha's miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) +The stories of Elisha's miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Impossible actions -Elisha caused an iron ax head to float. He fooled the whole army of Aram that was sent to arrest him. When the king of Aram besieged the capital of Israel, the people became so hungry they started eating their children. Elisha told the king of Israel that there would be plenty of food the next day, but the king's counselor said it was impossible. +### Impossible actions + +Elisha caused an iron ax head to float. He fooled the whole army of Aram that was sent to arrest him. When the king of Aram besieged the capital of Israel, the people became so hungry they started eating their children. Elisha told the king of Israel that there would be plenty of food the next day, but the king's counselor said it was impossible. ## Links: * __[2 Kings 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/07/01.md b/2ki/07/01.md index c29169d466..7cbb359625 100644 --- a/2ki/07/01.md +++ b/2ki/07/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "measure" translates the word "seah," which is a unit of dry measu # a shekel A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: "about 11 grams of silver" or "one silver coin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/02.md b/2ki/07/02.md index 0e2478d77a..5e57220850 100644 --- a/2ki/07/02.md +++ b/2ki/07/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "with your own eyes" emphasizes that the officer will certainly see t # but you will not eat any of it "but you will not eat any of the flour or barely" - diff --git a/2ki/07/03.md b/2ki/07/03.md index 806fd683fa..35fdd6626e 100644 --- a/2ki/07/03.md +++ b/2ki/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the writer starts # Why should we sit here until we die? Although there were four men, probably only one of them asks this question. The question is rhetorical and emphasizes that they should not do this. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Certainly we should not sit here until we die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/04.md b/2ki/07/04.md index ec21a8cbdd..8205ddada9 100644 --- a/2ki/07/04.md +++ b/2ki/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If they keep us alive, we will live, and if they kill us, we will only die The four men with leprosy are saying that the Arameans might feed them so that they can live, or they might kill them, which would be no worse since they would die anyway. - diff --git a/2ki/07/05.md b/2ki/07/05.md index 844ae7a304..3742beba6d 100644 --- a/2ki/07/05.md +++ b/2ki/07/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the early evening after the sun has set, but before it is dark. # the outermost part "the edge" - diff --git a/2ki/07/06.md b/2ki/07/06.md index d1d0418ec4..1b143501de 100644 --- a/2ki/07/06.md +++ b/2ki/07/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "kings" represents the kings and their armies. Alternate translati # to come against us "to fight us" or "to attack us" - diff --git a/2ki/07/07.md b/2ki/07/07.md index 27a555f820..3c09dc2abf 100644 --- a/2ki/07/07.md +++ b/2ki/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is what happened after the Lord caused the Aramean soldiers to think they h # in the twilight This refers to the early evening after the sun has set, but before it is dark. - diff --git a/2ki/07/08.md b/2ki/07/08.md index c696b037df..07964a3f7a 100644 --- a/2ki/07/08.md +++ b/2ki/07/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plunder This refers to items that a conquering army takes from another army that they have defeated. Here it refers to "silver and gold and clothes." - diff --git a/2ki/07/09.md b/2ki/07/09.md index 088f5d2c83..d9dcb68d2b 100644 --- a/2ki/07/09.md +++ b/2ki/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Someone punishing the four men is spoken of as if punishment were a person who c # tell the king's household Here the word "household" represents the people who live in the king's palace. Alternate translation: "tell the king and his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/10.md b/2ki/07/10.md index 0788cba725..9f672dacbf 100644 --- a/2ki/07/10.md +++ b/2ki/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as they were The implicit information may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "as they were when the soldiers were still there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/11.md b/2ki/07/11.md index bc1f932254..0d4018dc40 100644 --- a/2ki/07/11.md +++ b/2ki/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then it was told inside the king's household This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "then people told it inside the king's household" or "then people told it to the king and those in his palace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/12.md b/2ki/07/12.md index 6185ea8d3b..10f4ac9aed 100644 --- a/2ki/07/12.md +++ b/2ki/07/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # take them alive This means that they would capture the people and not kill them. - diff --git a/2ki/07/13.md b/2ki/07/13.md index a69ac85f51..38b453bf73 100644 --- a/2ki/07/13.md +++ b/2ki/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Many of the horses belonging to the Israelites had died because of the famine. T # see The implicit information about what he wanted to see may be expressed clearly. Alternate translation: "see if what these lepers have said is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/14.md b/2ki/07/14.md index 365e316d58..1613c35b2b 100644 --- a/2ki/07/14.md +++ b/2ki/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Go and see The implicit information about what the king wanted them to see may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Go and see if what these lepers have said is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/15.md b/2ki/07/15.md index 23eb0fb1dc..2dbf6dd3d7 100644 --- a/2ki/07/15.md +++ b/2ki/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the road was full of clothes and equipment This is an exaggeration that means the men saw these items scattered along the road as they traveled. Alternate translation: "there were clothes and equipment all along the road" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/16.md b/2ki/07/16.md index 0b31615074..bbe122bdcd 100644 --- a/2ki/07/16.md +++ b/2ki/07/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: "ab # just as the word of Yahweh had said Here "word" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "just as Yahweh had said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/17.md b/2ki/07/17.md index 7622d2b65d..6ae65dfefd 100644 --- a/2ki/07/17.md +++ b/2ki/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A high-ranking officer who was the king's personal assistant is spoken of as if # trampled him down The crowd of people were in such a rush to get to the food in the camp that they knocked over the man and trampled him to death. - diff --git a/2ki/07/18.md b/2ki/07/18.md index efa950c29d..45b03c1697 100644 --- a/2ki/07/18.md +++ b/2ki/07/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "measure" translates the word "seah," which is a unit of dry measu # a shekel A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: "about 11 grams of silver" or "one silver coin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/2ki/07/19.md b/2ki/07/19.md index 53dbeecf3f..b0bfa1776c 100644 --- a/2ki/07/19.md +++ b/2ki/07/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "with your own eyes" emphasizes that the captain will certainly see t # but you will not eat any of it "but you will not eat any of the flour or barley" - diff --git a/2ki/07/20.md b/2ki/07/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/07/20.md +++ b/2ki/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/07/intro.md b/2ki/07/intro.md index 22b1e7d502..4cd35c3058 100644 --- a/2ki/07/intro.md +++ b/2ki/07/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ # 2 Kings 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The stories of Elisha's miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Fear -God caused the army of Aram to hear the sound of an enormous army approaching so they all ran away leaving all their food behind. +### Fear -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +God caused the army of Aram to hear the sound of an enormous army approaching so they all ran away leaving all their food behind. -#### Rhetorical question -The king's counselor expressed his unbelief in Elisha's prophecy of plenty of food: "See, even if Yahweh should make windows in heaven, can this thing happen?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical question + +The king's counselor expressed his unbelief in Elisha's prophecy of plenty of food: "See, even if Yahweh should make windows in heaven, can this thing happen?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) ## Links: * __[2 Kings 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/08/01.md b/2ki/08/01.md index 8ec863206a..704fa9235b 100644 --- a/2ki/08/01.md +++ b/2ki/08/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The story of this woman and her son is found at [2 Kings 4:8](../04/08.md). # Arise, and go To arise here is for a person to stop what he is doing and begin to do what he needs to do. Alternate translation: "Do as I say, and go" - diff --git a/2ki/08/02.md b/2ki/08/02.md index 21c7900a14..71b30ae667 100644 --- a/2ki/08/02.md +++ b/2ki/08/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To arise here is for a person to stop what he is doing and begin to do what he n # the man of God "Elisha, the man of God" - diff --git a/2ki/08/03.md b/2ki/08/03.md index 11511ed3ac..386fce301d 100644 --- a/2ki/08/03.md +++ b/2ki/08/03.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ While the woman was gone, someone seized her home and land. She is begging the k # her land -This refers to the land that she would farm for food. \ No newline at end of file +This refers to the land that she would farm for food. diff --git a/2ki/08/04.md b/2ki/08/04.md index 8894ebc88b..149bf72fe2 100644 --- a/2ki/08/04.md +++ b/2ki/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the author tells us background information about what the king was doing when the woman arrived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/05.md b/2ki/08/05.md index 342144a1df..612026cded 100644 --- a/2ki/08/05.md +++ b/2ki/08/05.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ While the woman was gone, someone seized her home and land. She is begging the k # her land -This refers to the land that she would farm for food. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:3](../08/03.md). \ No newline at end of file +This refers to the land that she would farm for food. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:3](../08/03.md). diff --git a/2ki/08/06.md b/2ki/08/06.md index cb1c99097e..782ecc190b 100644 --- a/2ki/08/06.md +++ b/2ki/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the story of her son dying and Elisha bringing him back to life. # all the harvests of her fields This metonym refers to the amount of money that the harvests of her fields were worth while she was away. Alternate translation: "all the profit from the harvests of her fields" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/07.md b/2ki/08/07.md index f41fd103b5..01e85f0efc 100644 --- a/2ki/08/07.md +++ b/2ki/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ben-Hadad This is the name of the king of Aram. His name, Ben-Hadad, means "son of Hadad." See how you translated this man's name in [2 Kings 6:24](../06/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/08.md b/2ki/08/08.md index 7dec1ee212..704aab85bd 100644 --- a/2ki/08/08.md +++ b/2ki/08/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "in your hand" is an idiom meaning for him to take the gifts with him # Will I revive "Will I recover" or "Will I become well" - diff --git a/2ki/08/09.md b/2ki/08/09.md index 112f144e59..8442a037f4 100644 --- a/2ki/08/09.md +++ b/2ki/08/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Ben-Hadad was not actually Elisha's son, but Hazael called him that to show a cl # Will I revive "Will I recover" or "Will I become well." See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). - diff --git a/2ki/08/10.md b/2ki/08/10.md index fc72f477b6..b7e1c6d27c 100644 --- a/2ki/08/10.md +++ b/2ki/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will surely revive "You will surely recover" or "You will surely become well." See how you translated similar words in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). - diff --git a/2ki/08/11.md b/2ki/08/11.md index c3a5c7200d..73610da515 100644 --- a/2ki/08/11.md +++ b/2ki/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until he was ashamed "until Hazael felt uncomfortable" - diff --git a/2ki/08/12.md b/2ki/08/12.md index b3adda42e7..3f9908c713 100644 --- a/2ki/08/12.md +++ b/2ki/08/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This means that the men will be killed in battle. The sword was the main weapon # rip open their pregnant women Specifically this refers to tear open their stomachs. Alternate translation: "rip open the stomachs of their pregnant women with swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/13.md b/2ki/08/13.md index 972385db38..48f754dda2 100644 --- a/2ki/08/13.md +++ b/2ki/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Hazel refers to himself here as Elisha's servant. Hazel uses this rhetorical que # He is only a dog Hazael is talking about himself. He speaks of his low status and lack of influence by comparing himself to a dog. Here a dog represents a lowly animal. Alternate translation: "I am as powerless as a dog" or "I am as powerless as a lowly animal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/14.md b/2ki/08/14.md index 3703d76aaa..ebf77d4a8b 100644 --- a/2ki/08/14.md +++ b/2ki/08/14.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ The phrase "his master" refers to Ben Hadad. # you would certainly revive -"you would certainly recover" or "you would certainly get better." See how you translated similar words in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). \ No newline at end of file +"you would certainly recover" or "you would certainly get better." See how you translated similar words in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). diff --git a/2ki/08/15.md b/2ki/08/15.md index 0165ac0ab0..33ea1a3c02 100644 --- a/2ki/08/15.md +++ b/2ki/08/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # face so that he died This means that Ben-Hadad suffocated under the wet blanket. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "face. Ben-Hadad was unable to breathe through it, and so he died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/16.md b/2ki/08/16.md index 73662e14eb..73e9fe5ff4 100644 --- a/2ki/08/16.md +++ b/2ki/08/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This describes the time that Jehoram began to reign over Judah by stating how lo # Jehoram began to reign Jehoram, son of Jehoshaphat, became the king of Judah. - diff --git a/2ki/08/17.md b/2ki/08/17.md index aaa2d783cd..d27f035914 100644 --- a/2ki/08/17.md +++ b/2ki/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty-two years old "32 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/18.md b/2ki/08/18.md index cd08c436b3..ca1ca5a9a0 100644 --- a/2ki/08/18.md +++ b/2ki/08/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jehoram had married king Ahab's daughter. # what was evil in Yahweh's sight The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/19.md b/2ki/08/19.md index e000363d82..8b1485291c 100644 --- a/2ki/08/19.md +++ b/2ki/08/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Judah" is a metonym for the people who live there. Alternate translation: # since he had told David that he would always give him a lamp for his descendants "since Yahweh had told David that he would always give David a lamp for his descendants." This refers to Yahweh's promise to David that his descendants would always rule Judah. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "since he had told David that one of his descendants would always rule Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/20.md b/2ki/08/20.md index a91413cbea..660d09bf13 100644 --- a/2ki/08/20.md +++ b/2ki/08/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hand" refers to the control of Judah, and "Judah" refers specific # they set a king over themselves "they appointed a king to rule over themselves" - diff --git a/2ki/08/21.md b/2ki/08/21.md index bd2d7d31f1..7487944222 100644 --- a/2ki/08/21.md +++ b/2ki/08/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What was "crossed over" can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Then Jeho # their tents "their homes." The Judahites were living in houses in those days. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/22.md b/2ki/08/22.md index e4df73913d..36ac2e3ec6 100644 --- a/2ki/08/22.md +++ b/2ki/08/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Libnah rebelled against the king of Judah just as Edom had. Alternate translatio # Libnah This is another city that was originally part of Judah. Here "Libnah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "the people of Libnah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/23.md b/2ki/08/23.md index 2e19d0b94a..fc90a58572 100644 --- a/2ki/08/23.md +++ b/2ki/08/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # are they not written ... Judah? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Jehoram is in this other book. Alternate translation: "these things are written ... Judah." or "someone has written about them ... Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/24.md b/2ki/08/24.md index be1be9dc0d..676db4d217 100644 --- a/2ki/08/24.md +++ b/2ki/08/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "lay down" is a polite way of referring to someone dying. After he died, hi # Then Ahaziah his son became king in his place "Then Ahaziah, Jehoram's son, became king after he died" - diff --git a/2ki/08/25.md b/2ki/08/25.md index b53160366e..c99997ba99 100644 --- a/2ki/08/25.md +++ b/2ki/08/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This describes the time that Ahaziah began to reign as king of Judah by stating # twelfth year "12th year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/26.md b/2ki/08/26.md index 4501a26cf6..2c72b4b96b 100644 --- a/2ki/08/26.md +++ b/2ki/08/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Athaliah ... Omri Athaliah is the name of a woman. Omri is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/27.md b/2ki/08/27.md index c78deea90b..15bffb9bd4 100644 --- a/2ki/08/27.md +++ b/2ki/08/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate transl # a son-in-law to the house of Ahab This explains Ahaziah's family relationship to Ahab. Ahaziah's father was married to Ahab's daughter. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "the son of Ahab's son-in-law" or "a grandson of King Ahab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/28.md b/2ki/08/28.md index 1b1dc63c06..e515a677fd 100644 --- a/2ki/08/28.md +++ b/2ki/08/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahaziah went with Joram son of Ahab, to fight against Hazael, king of Aram The names of the three kings listed here are synecdoches and refer also to their armies that accompany them. Alternate translation: "Ahaziah's army joined the army of King Joram of Israel to fight against the army of King Hazael of Aram" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/29.md b/2ki/08/29.md index 19e4542d6c..09b7b7facb 100644 --- a/2ki/08/29.md +++ b/2ki/08/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Hazael" refers to himself and his army. Alternate translation: "the army o # Joram had been wounded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Arameans had wounded Joram" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/08/intro.md b/2ki/08/intro.md index f7616c020e..cd8a1407dd 100644 --- a/2ki/08/intro.md +++ b/2ki/08/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The stories of of Elisha's miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Kings -#### Kings Elisha told Hazael that he would be king of Aram. Jehoram became king of Judah. He was evil so Edom and Libna revolted and chose their own kings. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Elisha told Hazael that he would be king of Aram. Jehoram became king of Judah. * __[2 Kings 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/09/01.md b/2ki/09/01.md index 3ba2edb7e2..da18232ddb 100644 --- a/2ki/09/01.md +++ b/2ki/09/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "in your hand" refers to him taking the bottle with him. Alternate tr # Ramoth Gilead Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [2 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/02.md b/2ki/09/02.md index fbbf29cd86..53ad936958 100644 --- a/2ki/09/02.md +++ b/2ki/09/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the people with whom Jehu was sitting. # an inner chamber "a private room" - diff --git a/2ki/09/03.md b/2ki/09/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/09/03.md +++ b/2ki/09/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/09/04.md b/2ki/09/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/09/04.md +++ b/2ki/09/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/09/05.md b/2ki/09/05.md index 1fd5b92a5b..70be698d0a 100644 --- a/2ki/09/05.md +++ b/2ki/09/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jehu was sitting among the captains. You may introduce Jehu to the story here if # To which of us The word "us" refers to Jehu and the other army captains. - diff --git a/2ki/09/06.md b/2ki/09/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/09/06.md +++ b/2ki/09/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/09/07.md b/2ki/09/07.md index 58291de9a8..cd3b84a2ac 100644 --- a/2ki/09/07.md +++ b/2ki/09/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Jezebel commande # by the hand of Jezebel This means that Jezebel commanded the people to be killed. Alternate translation: "by an order from Jezebel" or "by Jezebel's command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/08.md b/2ki/09/08.md index 1556b1c71b..c0c117032f 100644 --- a/2ki/09/08.md +++ b/2ki/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here to be "cut off" means to be killed. Alternate translation: "For the whole f # every male child This phrase is used to refer to every male, but it specifies "child" to emphasize that it includes children. Alternate translation: "every male" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/09.md b/2ki/09/09.md index 8ec49565fb..11699ad592 100644 --- a/2ki/09/09.md +++ b/2ki/09/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used in this verse three times. Each time, the word "house" refer # Nebat ... Ahijah These are the names of men. Translate the name "Nebat" the same as you did in [2 Kings 3:3](../03/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/10.md b/2ki/09/10.md index 986e6aafcd..a09507931a 100644 --- a/2ki/09/10.md +++ b/2ki/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The dogs will eat Jezebel This means that the dogs will eat her dead body. Alternate translation: "Dogs will eat the dead body of Jezebel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/11.md b/2ki/09/11.md index 130b4311be..fc6b796537 100644 --- a/2ki/09/11.md +++ b/2ki/09/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the other officers who were serving King Ahab. # You know the man and the kinds of things he says Jehu says that he is a young prophet and they all are familiar with the kinds of things young prophets generally say. Alternate translation: "You know what kinds of things young prophets like him say" - diff --git a/2ki/09/12.md b/2ki/09/12.md index 6eae851100..f96659a9eb 100644 --- a/2ki/09/12.md +++ b/2ki/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He said this and that to me "He talked about some things" - diff --git a/2ki/09/13.md b/2ki/09/13.md index 38e431eaeb..8f620b704f 100644 --- a/2ki/09/13.md +++ b/2ki/09/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this culture, putting clothing on the ground was a way of honoring the king, # They blew the ram's horn and said Not every man blew a ram's horn. It is likely only one man blew a ram's horn. Alternate translation: "One of them blew the ram's horn and they all said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/14.md b/2ki/09/14.md index 13537abe54..62d39a1894 100644 --- a/2ki/09/14.md +++ b/2ki/09/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These refers only to the Israelite army and not to everyone who lives in Israel. # Hazael Translate the name of this man the same as you did in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/15.md b/2ki/09/15.md index f2ceea3d0d..c7778d6a29 100644 --- a/2ki/09/15.md +++ b/2ki/09/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the officers who were with Joram at Ramoth Gilead. # in order to go tell this news in Jezreel This refers to telling Joram and his army of Jehu's plans. Alternate translation: "to warn king Joram and his army in Jezreel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/16.md b/2ki/09/16.md index 8d77195bdb..1067ca6547 100644 --- a/2ki/09/16.md +++ b/2ki/09/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Ahaziah The word "now" is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the author tells background information about Ahaziah visiting Joram. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/17.md b/2ki/09/17.md index 00405b1117..a25dd5946e 100644 --- a/2ki/09/17.md +++ b/2ki/09/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ guard # the company of Jehu as he came at a distance "Jehu and his men as they were still far away" - diff --git a/2ki/09/18.md b/2ki/09/18.md index 9bf9eaf108..d673062490 100644 --- a/2ki/09/18.md +++ b/2ki/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jehu uses this rhetorical question to tell the messenger that it is none of his # The messenger has met them, but he is not coming back The watchman told King Joram that the man he sent out is not coming back with a reply to the king's question. - diff --git a/2ki/09/19.md b/2ki/09/19.md index b1499d6878..1ee949dd4e 100644 --- a/2ki/09/19.md +++ b/2ki/09/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joram had already sent one man. This was the next. Alternate translation: "anoth # What have you to do with peace? Jehu uses this rhetorical question to tell the messenger that it is none of his concern if he comes in peace or not. This may be written as a statement. See how you translated this question in [2 Kings 9:18](../09/18.md). Alternate translation: "It is not your concern if I have come in peace!" or "It is not for you to know if I have come in peace!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/20.md b/2ki/09/20.md index b5e0769355..bc79ec942a 100644 --- a/2ki/09/20.md +++ b/2ki/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the way that the chariot is being driven is the way that Jehu son of Nimshi drives This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Because the driver of the chariot drives the same way that Jehu son of Nimshi drives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/21.md b/2ki/09/21.md index bd817ff705..2b5072d97f 100644 --- a/2ki/09/21.md +++ b/2ki/09/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jezreelite This refers to a person from Jezreel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/22.md b/2ki/09/22.md index c5885274d6..3c053182f7 100644 --- a/2ki/09/22.md +++ b/2ki/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What peace is there, when the idolatrous acts of prostitution and witchcraft of your mother Jezebel are so many? Jehu uses this rhetorical question to state why he is not coming in peace. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "There can be no peace as long as your mother Jezebel practices and promotes so much idolatry in the form of prostitution and witchcraft." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/23.md b/2ki/09/23.md index 896451fe59..6cd88f5461 100644 --- a/2ki/09/23.md +++ b/2ki/09/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # treachery trickery or deception - diff --git a/2ki/09/24.md b/2ki/09/24.md index b3d2a7165b..bb992f096f 100644 --- a/2ki/09/24.md +++ b/2ki/09/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he sank down in his chariot Joram died from being shot with arrow. Alternate translation: "Joram fell down dead in his chariot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/25.md b/2ki/09/25.md index fc6d9e1dfc..6dbe732d4f 100644 --- a/2ki/09/25.md +++ b/2ki/09/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that they rode in the chariot behind Ahab's chariot. Alternate transl # Yahweh placed this prophecy against him "Yahweh spoke this prophecy against Ahab" - diff --git a/2ki/09/26.md b/2ki/09/26.md index 2c3235d7fe..adce6cf433 100644 --- a/2ki/09/26.md +++ b/2ki/09/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that he will punish Ahab as he deserves for the evil he has done. Alt # according to the word of Yahweh "to fulfill the prophecy spoken to us" - diff --git a/2ki/09/27.md b/2ki/09/27.md index 0bc0648e1d..1c9f394a5b 100644 --- a/2ki/09/27.md +++ b/2ki/09/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # at the ascent of Gur The word "ascent" means that they were going up hill while travelling on the road to Gur. Alternate translation: "on the road leading up to Gur" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/28.md b/2ki/09/28.md index 8b5e309a34..918dd3a402 100644 --- a/2ki/09/28.md +++ b/2ki/09/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his fathers "his ancestors" - diff --git a/2ki/09/29.md b/2ki/09/29.md index 586d2ff442..d7b37c3455 100644 --- a/2ki/09/29.md +++ b/2ki/09/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This describes the time that Ahaziah began to reign by stating how long the curr # eleventh year "11th year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/30.md b/2ki/09/30.md index 5ece8d324b..c6622a104d 100644 --- a/2ki/09/30.md +++ b/2ki/09/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # painted her eyes, arranged her hair "put on makeup, made her hair look nice" - diff --git a/2ki/09/31.md b/2ki/09/31.md index 17625b1195..01ff2d6b72 100644 --- a/2ki/09/31.md +++ b/2ki/09/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Jezebel calls Jehu "Zimri" to say that he is a murderer. Zimri was a comman # Zimri This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/32.md b/2ki/09/32.md index 29810e24ba..5b65c87552 100644 --- a/2ki/09/32.md +++ b/2ki/09/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who is on my side To "be on someone's side" means to be loyal to them and supportive of them. Alternate translation: "Who is loyal to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/33.md b/2ki/09/33.md index 4c2a8196cd..f835940354 100644 --- a/2ki/09/33.md +++ b/2ki/09/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The eunuchs threw Jezebel out of the high window and she died when she hit the g # Jehu trampled her underfoot This means that he drove his horses over her body. Alternate translation: "Jehu's horses that were pulling his chariot trampled her body under their feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/34.md b/2ki/09/34.md index 954f07806d..17e7d20470 100644 --- a/2ki/09/34.md +++ b/2ki/09/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "see now to" means to give your attention to whatever is specified. A # for she is a king's daughter Since Jezebel was the daughter of a king, it was necessary to bury her properly. Alternate translation: "because she is a king's daughter and therefore should be buried properly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/35.md b/2ki/09/35.md index aaa88583b2..c79f0fe3e2 100644 --- a/2ki/09/35.md +++ b/2ki/09/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the palms of her hands The palm is the inner part of the hand. - diff --git a/2ki/09/36.md b/2ki/09/36.md index efa36ebcec..b60aa450df 100644 --- a/2ki/09/36.md +++ b/2ki/09/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Tishbite This refers to someone from the city of Tishbe. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/09/37.md b/2ki/09/37.md index c1680abe2b..13e7588ece 100644 --- a/2ki/09/37.md +++ b/2ki/09/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ manure, specifically dung used as a fertilizer # so that no one will be able to say, "This is Jezebel." "so that no one will be able to recognize her body." or "so no one will be able to tell this was Jezebel." - diff --git a/2ki/09/intro.md b/2ki/09/intro.md index c6ad6afb33..5fb342a601 100644 --- a/2ki/09/intro.md +++ b/2ki/09/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The life of Elisha continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### King Jehu -#### King Jehu Elisha told a young prophet to go and tell Jehu that God had made him the new king. Jehu killed the kings of both Israel and Judah and Jezebel, the mother of the king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Elisha told a young prophet to go and tell Jehu that God had made him the new ki * __[2 Kings 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/10/01.md b/2ki/10/01.md index 7625d7708d..7e6ca4f76c 100644 --- a/2ki/10/01.md +++ b/2ki/10/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jehu wrote letters and sent them to Samaria This means that Jehu sent a messenger to deliver the letters. Alternate translation: "Jehu wrote letters and sent a messenger to deliver them in Samaria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/02.md b/2ki/10/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/10/02.md +++ b/2ki/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/10/03.md b/2ki/10/03.md index 5fb0987fe0..d11fc8b3e6 100644 --- a/2ki/10/03.md +++ b/2ki/10/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here, sitting on the king's throne means to be appointed as king. Alternate tran # for your master's royal line "your master's descendants." Here the man that they selected to be king is referred to as Ahab's royal line of descendants. Alternate translation: "to defend your master's descendant" or "to defend him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/04.md b/2ki/10/04.md index 0656e42465..db0ff4394c 100644 --- a/2ki/10/04.md +++ b/2ki/10/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "stand" means to be able to endure under trouble. Alternate translation: "c # So how can we stand? The descendants use the rhetorical question to imply that they cannot stand against Jehu. Alternate translation: "We cannot stand against him either!" or "We cannot resist him either!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/05.md b/2ki/10/05.md index d6a77f870e..23bc3f4fae 100644 --- a/2ki/10/05.md +++ b/2ki/10/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people who raised the king's children. Alternate translation: # Do what is good in your eyes Here Jehu's "eyes" refer to his "sight." His "sight" refers to what he thinks. Alternate translation: "Do what you judge to be right" or "Do whatever you think is the best" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/06.md b/2ki/10/06.md index cd6b327d52..550a901682 100644 --- a/2ki/10/06.md +++ b/2ki/10/06.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This refers to killing them and removing their heads. Alternate translation: "ki # who were bringing them up This means that they were supervising them and teaching them. Alternate translation: "who were raising them" or "who were supervising them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/07.md b/2ki/10/07.md index 817bed9193..c612b57129 100644 --- a/2ki/10/07.md +++ b/2ki/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # sent them to Jehu This means that they sent people to deliver the baskets to Jehu. Alternate translation: "sent people to take them to Jehu" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/08.md b/2ki/10/08.md index fa40dc8a75..88d87162ab 100644 --- a/2ki/10/08.md +++ b/2ki/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # of the king's sons "of Ahab's descendants" - diff --git a/2ki/10/09.md b/2ki/10/09.md index 63e707ea6a..adc628c851 100644 --- a/2ki/10/09.md +++ b/2ki/10/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jehu uses this word here to draw the peoples' attention to what he says next. Al # but who killed all these? Jehu uses a rhetorical question to cause the people to think deeply about the situation. This can be written as a statement. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: "but the men of Samaria are responsible for killing Ahab's 70 descendants" or 2) Alternate translation: "but it was Yahweh's will for these men to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/10.md b/2ki/10/10.md index bb643d61e9..9810005b3b 100644 --- a/2ki/10/10.md +++ b/2ki/10/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of everything happening that Yahweh has said will happen as if it we # Yahweh has done This speaks of Yahweh causing Ahab's descendants to be killed as if he killed them himself. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has caused to happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/11.md b/2ki/10/11.md index 9ac69aec9f..a8ef00211a 100644 --- a/2ki/10/11.md +++ b/2ki/10/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jehu did not kill all of these people personally, rather he commanded for them t # until no survivor remained to him This means that none of Ahab's family, friends, and loyal officials were alive. Alternate translation: "until all of his people were dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/12.md b/2ki/10/12.md index 14d8a2e32c..969c1be589 100644 --- a/2ki/10/12.md +++ b/2ki/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Eked of the shepherd This was the name of a place where sheep were sheared. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/13.md b/2ki/10/13.md index 8c241bf1cb..199f2b6357 100644 --- a/2ki/10/13.md +++ b/2ki/10/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the children of the king "the children of King Joram" - diff --git a/2ki/10/14.md b/2ki/10/14.md index a37d6dd435..e4a152c2ad 100644 --- a/2ki/10/14.md +++ b/2ki/10/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to capture them, but not to kill them. Alternate translation: "Seize # He did not leave any of them alive This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "He killed all of them" - diff --git a/2ki/10/15.md b/2ki/10/15.md index 13c276950d..e45dc5c44e 100644 --- a/2ki/10/15.md +++ b/2ki/10/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here a person's "heart" refers to their loyality. If a person's loyalty is "with # If it is, give me your hand "If so, put your hand in mine" or "If so, let us shake hands" In many cultures, when two people shake hands, it confirms their agreement. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/16.md b/2ki/10/16.md index 3f3cb8b060..3b0321d158 100644 --- a/2ki/10/16.md +++ b/2ki/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # see my zeal The word "zeal" may be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: "see how zealous I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/17.md b/2ki/10/17.md index 80915a9861..767ede39bd 100644 --- a/2ki/10/17.md +++ b/2ki/10/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # just as was told them before by the word of Yahweh, which he had spoken to Elijah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to fulfill the prophecy that Elijah had spoken, which Yahweh gave to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/18.md b/2ki/10/18.md index 7640077e60..54793ec0bf 100644 --- a/2ki/10/18.md +++ b/2ki/10/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ all the people of the city of Samaria # serve him much "serve him much more than Ahab did" - diff --git a/2ki/10/19.md b/2ki/10/19.md index 8131a39f09..04d08482f4 100644 --- a/2ki/10/19.md +++ b/2ki/10/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Whoever does not come will not live This means that if they do not come they will be executed. Alternate translation: "We will execute anyone who does not come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/20.md b/2ki/10/20.md index 531666f7ea..d6bd2b0853 100644 --- a/2ki/10/20.md +++ b/2ki/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Announce that there will be an assembly for Baal "Tell the people to come for an assembly to honor Baal." The messengers were to tell that there would be an assembly and when it would take place. - diff --git a/2ki/10/21.md b/2ki/10/21.md index af27f6c58d..474f19aabe 100644 --- a/2ki/10/21.md +++ b/2ki/10/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "so that every worsh # it was filled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they filled it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/22.md b/2ki/10/22.md index 89471ffbe4..1d14d75ed7 100644 --- a/2ki/10/22.md +++ b/2ki/10/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who kept the priest's wardrobe Here "to keep" something means to care for it and oversee it. Alternate translation: "who was in charge of the priest's wardrobe" or "who cared for the priest's wardrobe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/23.md b/2ki/10/23.md index 89900a406a..49a925c10c 100644 --- a/2ki/10/23.md +++ b/2ki/10/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but the worshipers of Baal alone "but that only worshipers of Baal are here" - diff --git a/2ki/10/24.md b/2ki/10/24.md index bb729ba3d4..abd13c144c 100644 --- a/2ki/10/24.md +++ b/2ki/10/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. This is a polite way to refer to a person bei # for the life of the one "in exchange for the life of the man." Here this man is referred to by his "life" to emphasize that he did not die. Alternate translation: "for the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/25.md b/2ki/10/25.md index 1368396ad1..1ab9fa1430 100644 --- a/2ki/10/25.md +++ b/2ki/10/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The men used swords to kill the worshipers of Baal. This phrase refers to their # threw them out This means that threw the dead bodies of the people out of the temple. Alternate translation: "threw their dead bodies out of the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/26.md b/2ki/10/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/10/26.md +++ b/2ki/10/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/10/27.md b/2ki/10/27.md index 3f6f268df0..1b9151d353 100644 --- a/2ki/10/27.md +++ b/2ki/10/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # which it is to this day This means that something has remained in a certain condition until the present time. Alternate translation: "and since then it has always been that way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/28.md b/2ki/10/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/10/28.md +++ b/2ki/10/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/10/29.md b/2ki/10/29.md index e99727f65e..7765cb9029 100644 --- a/2ki/10/29.md +++ b/2ki/10/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of Jehu committing the same sins that Jeroboam committed, as if Jero # Nebat See how you translated this man's name in [2 Kings 3:3](../03/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/30.md b/2ki/10/30.md index 67905845e9..b9ba3f4610 100644 --- a/2ki/10/30.md +++ b/2ki/10/30.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate translation: "be the # to the fourth generation This refers to his son, grandson, great-grandson, and great-great-grandson. Alternate translation: "to the 4th generation" or "for four more generations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/31.md b/2ki/10/31.md index 7b3699b151..22bfcd68da 100644 --- a/2ki/10/31.md +++ b/2ki/10/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate translation: "i # He did not turn away from the sins of Jeroboam To "turn away" from something means to stop doing it. Alternate translation: "Jehu did not stop from sinning in the same ways as Jeroboam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/32.md b/2ki/10/32.md index 69e5ff1c4a..9a72f417f7 100644 --- a/2ki/10/32.md +++ b/2ki/10/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Hazael" refers to himself and his army. Alternate translation: "Hazael and # Hazael See how you translated this king's name in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/33.md b/2ki/10/33.md index 1389478d17..7ffd10458d 100644 --- a/2ki/10/33.md +++ b/2ki/10/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are all names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Arnon "the Arnon River" This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/34.md b/2ki/10/34.md index 9ba8d5df4e..0c5ef06336 100644 --- a/2ki/10/34.md +++ b/2ki/10/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/35.md b/2ki/10/35.md index c585fe9edb..6bb8fbf87c 100644 --- a/2ki/10/35.md +++ b/2ki/10/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. This speaks of him being buried whe # Jehoahaz This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/36.md b/2ki/10/36.md index d1768e75e1..43a8f6f4f9 100644 --- a/2ki/10/36.md +++ b/2ki/10/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # twenty-eight years "28 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/10/intro.md b/2ki/10/intro.md index d6331d0332..98d3f83795 100644 --- a/2ki/10/intro.md +++ b/2ki/10/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 2 Kings 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter God's prophecy against the family of Ahab was fulfilled. Jehu killed all of Ahab's descendants and all the worshipers of Baal. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's prophecy against the family of Ahab was fulfilled. Jehu killed all of Ahab * __[2 Kings 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/11/01.md b/2ki/11/01.md index 56834d721a..a9b45ac134 100644 --- a/2ki/11/01.md +++ b/2ki/11/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # she arose and killed all the royal children Athaliah did not personally kill the children. Alternate translation: "she commanded her servants to kill all the members of Ahaziah's family who might become king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/11/02.md b/2ki/11/02.md index ea3617f98f..e48facb3aa 100644 --- a/2ki/11/02.md +++ b/2ki/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Joash This is the name of a man. - diff --git a/2ki/11/03.md b/2ki/11/03.md index f52c00c454..ba973fd9e6 100644 --- a/2ki/11/03.md +++ b/2ki/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Joash and Jehosheba h # land This is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate translation: "people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/11/04.md b/2ki/11/04.md index c55b9894b0..463b70ce2f 100644 --- a/2ki/11/04.md +++ b/2ki/11/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is the name of a particular group of the royal guards. # Then he showed them the king's son Jehoiada revealed to them that Joash, King Azahiah's son, was still alive. - diff --git a/2ki/11/05.md b/2ki/11/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/11/05.md +++ b/2ki/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/11/06.md b/2ki/11/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/11/06.md +++ b/2ki/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/11/07.md b/2ki/11/07.md index 3388d23328..a9b2d4be04 100644 --- a/2ki/11/07.md +++ b/2ki/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jehoiada continues giving directions to the soldiers who will protect King Joash # for the king They were to keep watch for the purpose of protecting the king from harm. Alternate translation: "in order to protect King Joash" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/11/08.md b/2ki/11/08.md index d9a7890506..9bac26d06c 100644 --- a/2ki/11/08.md +++ b/2ki/11/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must kill him" (S # You must stay with the king when he goes out, and when he comes in These two opposite things are a merism that refers to everything the king does. Alternate translation: "You must stay near the king at all times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/2ki/11/09.md b/2ki/11/09.md index bfe904d18d..8342cb5b53 100644 --- a/2ki/11/09.md +++ b/2ki/11/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "commander of hundreds" is probably an official title for a military # Each one "Each commander" - diff --git a/2ki/11/10.md b/2ki/11/10.md index bcd24d845f..e65d1faf54 100644 --- a/2ki/11/10.md +++ b/2ki/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were in the house of Yahweh "were stored in the temple" - diff --git a/2ki/11/11.md b/2ki/11/11.md index 6783c9bce0..25b88f3f4c 100644 --- a/2ki/11/11.md +++ b/2ki/11/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the right side of the temple to the left side, near the altar and the temple Some versions translate the first two occurrences of "temple" as "palace." These versions say, "from the right side of the palace to the left side of the palace, near the altar and the temple." - diff --git a/2ki/11/12.md b/2ki/11/12.md index 6cb5f90622..1c9309158c 100644 --- a/2ki/11/12.md +++ b/2ki/11/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The priest poured olive oil on the head of Joash as a symbol that he was now the # clapped their hands Clapping their hands was a sign of the happiness of the people at the anointing of the new king. - diff --git a/2ki/11/13.md b/2ki/11/13.md index 8121473872..133e5c8966 100644 --- a/2ki/11/13.md +++ b/2ki/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the noise made by all the soldiers. # she came to the people in the house of Yahweh "she came to where the people had gathered at the temple" - diff --git a/2ki/11/14.md b/2ki/11/14.md index d71ede9db1..6f6d113f0c 100644 --- a/2ki/11/14.md +++ b/2ki/11/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ She tore her clothes to express that she was very upset and angry. (See: [[rc:// # Treason! Treason! "You are traitors! You have betrayed me!" - diff --git a/2ki/11/15.md b/2ki/11/15.md index 30f084eb41..7c4861c565 100644 --- a/2ki/11/15.md +++ b/2ki/11/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "commander of hundreds" is probably an official title for a military # Anyone who follows her It is implied that a person who followed her would be trying to help her. Alternate translation: "Anyone who follows to try to rescue her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/11/16.md b/2ki/11/16.md index bc094f5257..e5b0730a56 100644 --- a/2ki/11/16.md +++ b/2ki/11/16.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ Some versions translate this as "the guards seized her and took her to the palac # the horses' entrance to the king's house -"where the horses enter the palace grounds" \ No newline at end of file +"where the horses enter the palace grounds" diff --git a/2ki/11/17.md b/2ki/11/17.md index f5ca06b14d..3980f683e3 100644 --- a/2ki/11/17.md +++ b/2ki/11/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # also between the king and the people "also made a covenant between the king and the people" - diff --git a/2ki/11/18.md b/2ki/11/18.md index 418ba5a8a7..31555ad2a0 100644 --- a/2ki/11/18.md +++ b/2ki/11/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a generalization to show that a large group of people tore down the temp # Mattan This is the name of a male priest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/11/19.md b/2ki/11/19.md index 7f73bccade..46374ba929 100644 --- a/2ki/11/19.md +++ b/2ki/11/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a particular group of the royal guards. # brought down the king from the house of Yahweh and they went into the king's house "brought the king from the temple to the palace" - diff --git a/2ki/11/20.md b/2ki/11/20.md index 9dc40f42d6..416abe5212 100644 --- a/2ki/11/20.md +++ b/2ki/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a generalization. It is possible that some did not rejoice. Alternate tr # the city was quiet "the city was calm" or "the city was peaceful" - diff --git a/2ki/11/21.md b/2ki/11/21.md index 542d34d3e9..4c3c033470 100644 --- a/2ki/11/21.md +++ b/2ki/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joash was seven years old "Joash was 7 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/11/intro.md b/2ki/11/intro.md index 3927f7c8b7..170baabb88 100644 --- a/2ki/11/intro.md +++ b/2ki/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is the beginning of the story of the spiritual revival in Judah under Joash. The people returned to properly worshiping Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Athaliah's evil actions -#### Athaliah's evil actions The mother of the king of Judah, Athaliah, killed all the royal children so that she could rule. She was not able to kill the baby Joash because his aunt hid him in the temple. When Joash was seven years old, the chief priest conspired with the army and made Joash king. They killed Athaliah and destroyed the temple of Baal. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The mother of the king of Judah, Athaliah, killed all the royal children so that * __[2 Kings 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/12/01.md b/2ki/12/01.md index 6fa8b2a3e9..c90a1daaad 100644 --- a/2ki/12/01.md +++ b/2ki/12/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Zibiah, of Beersheba "Zibiah, from the city of Beersheba" - diff --git a/2ki/12/02.md b/2ki/12/02.md index 4d76032399..c3583a7abf 100644 --- a/2ki/12/02.md +++ b/2ki/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate # instructing him "teaching him" - diff --git a/2ki/12/03.md b/2ki/12/03.md index edb68dac48..ea3cb1a3f2 100644 --- a/2ki/12/03.md +++ b/2ki/12/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But the people did no # The people still sacrificed and burned incense on the high places Yawheh forbid the people to worship at these place. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "The people continued to go to places that were unacceptable to Yahweh, to make sacrifices and burn incense" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/12/04.md b/2ki/12/04.md index 901775dea3..c95ad8162d 100644 --- a/2ki/12/04.md +++ b/2ki/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the money that is brought in as sacred offerings into the house of Yahweh This refers to money that people gave to support the temple. This money came in three forms that are described in the rest of the sentence. - diff --git a/2ki/12/05.md b/2ki/12/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/12/05.md +++ b/2ki/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/12/06.md b/2ki/12/06.md index b1f116fedd..39d283d628 100644 --- a/2ki/12/06.md +++ b/2ki/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by the twenty-third year of King Joash "when Joash had been king for twenty three years" - diff --git a/2ki/12/07.md b/2ki/12/07.md index f12168126e..6f0662c98b 100644 --- a/2ki/12/07.md +++ b/2ki/12/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joash asks this question to rebuke the priests. Alternate translation: "You shou # give it to those who can make the repairs "pay workers who will do the repairs" - diff --git a/2ki/12/08.md b/2ki/12/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/12/08.md +++ b/2ki/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/12/09.md b/2ki/12/09.md index 36077e502d..57941a2b80 100644 --- a/2ki/12/09.md +++ b/2ki/12/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the money that was brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the money that people brought" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/12/10.md b/2ki/12/10.md index 5bada97d53..e3549443f0 100644 --- a/2ki/12/10.md +++ b/2ki/12/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "put the money in bags" or 2) "tied up the money in bag # the money found "the money that they found in the chest" - diff --git a/2ki/12/11.md b/2ki/12/11.md index b35f392a78..a52933e895 100644 --- a/2ki/12/11.md +++ b/2ki/12/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hands" refers to the men. Alternate translation: "to men" (See: [[rc://en/ # carpenters people who build and repair things made of wood - diff --git a/2ki/12/12.md b/2ki/12/12.md index 780bd891c5..76897838cd 100644 --- a/2ki/12/12.md +++ b/2ki/12/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ people who cut stones into the correct size and shape # for all that was needed to be paid to repair it "to pay for all of the needed repairs" - diff --git a/2ki/12/13.md b/2ki/12/13.md index 87d1d42721..6ac8bfa35d 100644 --- a/2ki/12/13.md +++ b/2ki/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # silver cups, lamp trimmers, basins, trumpets, or any gold or silver furnishing These are items that would have been used by the priests for various temple tasks, such as sacrifices or festivals. - diff --git a/2ki/12/14.md b/2ki/12/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/12/14.md +++ b/2ki/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/12/15.md b/2ki/12/15.md index 69d1eb5001..354dbee499 100644 --- a/2ki/12/15.md +++ b/2ki/12/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they did not require # to be accounted for to keep a record of how much money was received and spent - diff --git a/2ki/12/16.md b/2ki/12/16.md index 9f451ae6fc..5aa5a6d94e 100644 --- a/2ki/12/16.md +++ b/2ki/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the money for the guilt offerings and the money for the sin offerings was not brought into the temple of Yahweh It is implied that this money was not used for the repairs. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they did not use the money from the guilt offerings and the sin offerings to pay for the repairs to the temple of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/12/17.md b/2ki/12/17.md index e475b1647c..330cfe0fca 100644 --- a/2ki/12/17.md +++ b/2ki/12/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of the king of the country of Syria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # took it "defeated and took control of it" - diff --git a/2ki/12/18.md b/2ki/12/18.md index b225a30cd8..d4e1679896 100644 --- a/2ki/12/18.md +++ b/2ki/12/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These men were previous kings of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor # Then Hazael went away from Jerusalem The gifts Joash gave Hazael convinced him not to attack Jerusalem. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "So Hazael stopped attacking Jerusalem and left" - diff --git a/2ki/12/19.md b/2ki/12/19.md index b29d97d606..6830a7b6db 100644 --- a/2ki/12/19.md +++ b/2ki/12/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? This question is used to remind the reader that these things are recorded. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/12/20.md b/2ki/12/20.md index 750ae71d92..91bb232ffd 100644 --- a/2ki/12/20.md +++ b/2ki/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Silla The location of this place is unknown. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/12/21.md b/2ki/12/21.md index 673bea4f95..95032938a2 100644 --- a/2ki/12/21.md +++ b/2ki/12/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # became king in his place "became the next king of Judah" - diff --git a/2ki/12/intro.md b/2ki/12/intro.md index 925d4cb03a..817a2b1ff1 100644 --- a/2ki/12/intro.md +++ b/2ki/12/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is the end of the story of the revival in Judah under Joash. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Temple -#### Temple Joash repaired the temple. In many ways, the temple represents the relationship between the people and Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Joash repaired the temple. In many ways, the temple represents the relationship * __[2 Kings 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/13/01.md b/2ki/13/01.md index 0e72d6bd99..5e41588381 100644 --- a/2ki/13/01.md +++ b/2ki/13/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he reigned seventeen years "Jehoahaz was king for 17 years" - diff --git a/2ki/13/02.md b/2ki/13/02.md index a94b803017..4bfe489ce3 100644 --- a/2ki/13/02.md +++ b/2ki/13/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate transl # Jehoahaz did not turn away from them Here stopping his sin is spoken of as if he turned away from them. This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Jehoahaz did not stop doing the sins of Jeroboam" or "Jehoahaz continued to do the same sins as Jeroboam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/03.md b/2ki/13/03.md index f0647c638b..255c2b8328 100644 --- a/2ki/13/03.md +++ b/2ki/13/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh becoming angry with Israel is spoken of as if his anger was a fire that b # gave them continually into the hand of Hazael king of Aram and into the hand of Ben-Hadad son of Hazael Here "them" refers to Israel and "hand" refers to the power to control them. Alternate translation: "allowed Hazael the king of Aram, and Ben-Hadad, his son, to repeatedly defeat the Israelites in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/04.md b/2ki/13/04.md index e9afeb4bb4..c588c63488 100644 --- a/2ki/13/04.md +++ b/2ki/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he saw the oppression of Israel, how the king of Aram was oppressing them These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. The abstract noun "oppression" means the same as "the king of Aram was oppressing them." Alternate translation: "he saw how severely the king of Aram was oppressing Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/05.md b/2ki/13/05.md index 6260137572..9e10d66cf5 100644 --- a/2ki/13/05.md +++ b/2ki/13/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to the power to control them. Alternate translation: "he enab # their tents "their homes." The Israelites were living in houses at this time. - diff --git a/2ki/13/06.md b/2ki/13/06.md index 2198ddf8f2..6ad3c54c37 100644 --- a/2ki/13/06.md +++ b/2ki/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To stop sinning is spoken of as if they departed from the sins. This can be stat # house of Jeroboam "the family of Jeroboam" - diff --git a/2ki/13/07.md b/2ki/13/07.md index 96d7c9c9e2..34d50b9583 100644 --- a/2ki/13/07.md +++ b/2ki/13/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # made them like the chaff at threshing time The Aramean army had so severely defeated the army of Israel that what remained was so worthless that it is compared to wheat chaff that the laborers walk on at harvest time. Alternate translation: "had crushed them as workers crush chaff under their feet at harvest time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/08.md b/2ki/13/08.md index d6948dc001..cd10f4158b 100644 --- a/2ki/13/08.md +++ b/2ki/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/09.md b/2ki/13/09.md index 874cfbe127..9f1b50ba94 100644 --- a/2ki/13/09.md +++ b/2ki/13/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-eup # Jehoash This is a man's name. Many translations read, "Joash." - diff --git a/2ki/13/10.md b/2ki/13/10.md index 4b39a31262..255cd448de 100644 --- a/2ki/13/10.md +++ b/2ki/13/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Jehoash This was a king of Israel who was the son of Jehoahaz. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/11.md b/2ki/13/11.md index bdb985ba0a..2b9f66c565 100644 --- a/2ki/13/11.md +++ b/2ki/13/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To stop sinning is spoken of as if he left behind the sins. This can be stated i # but he walked in them To sin is spoken of as if he was walking along a sinful path. Alternate translation: "but Jehoash continued to do these same sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/12.md b/2ki/13/12.md index c07502f1c7..cc082f5434 100644 --- a/2ki/13/12.md +++ b/2ki/13/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the strength of Jehoash's army is spoken of as Jehoash's "might." Alternate # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/13.md b/2ki/13/13.md index 3828885b1c..97a5b589a9 100644 --- a/2ki/13/13.md +++ b/2ki/13/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This a polite way to say that Jehoash died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euph # Jeroboam sat on his throne Here "sat on his throne" refers to ruling as king. Alternate translation: "Jeroboam became king after him" or "Jeroboam began to rule after him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/14.md b/2ki/13/14.md index d16e16ecae..4bfcfd61f3 100644 --- a/2ki/13/14.md +++ b/2ki/13/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a reference to Elijah going to heaven in [2 Kings 2:11](../02/11.md) and # the horsemen This refers to the men who drove the chariots. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the drivers of the chariots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/15.md b/2ki/13/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/13/15.md +++ b/2ki/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/13/16.md b/2ki/13/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/13/16.md +++ b/2ki/13/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/13/17.md b/2ki/13/17.md index c25392a422..c7da1b5f5d 100644 --- a/2ki/13/17.md +++ b/2ki/13/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The relationship between the arrow and victory can be stated explicitly. Alterna # Aphek This was a city in the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/18.md b/2ki/13/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/13/18.md +++ b/2ki/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/13/19.md b/2ki/13/19.md index 628dd80afe..9719406f81 100644 --- a/2ki/13/19.md +++ b/2ki/13/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # until you annihilated it "until you completely destroyed it" or "until they were completely wiped out" - diff --git a/2ki/13/20.md b/2ki/13/20.md index 1e00f93521..f5720e071a 100644 --- a/2ki/13/20.md +++ b/2ki/13/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word marks a stop in the main story. This new section gives background info # at the beginning of the year "each year during spring" - diff --git a/2ki/13/21.md b/2ki/13/21.md index 0431f20ec0..19948d61c1 100644 --- a/2ki/13/21.md +++ b/2ki/13/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "the man" refers to his dead body. This can be made explicit. Alternate tra # he revived and stood up on his feet "the dead man came back to life and stood up" - diff --git a/2ki/13/22.md b/2ki/13/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/13/22.md +++ b/2ki/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/13/23.md b/2ki/13/23.md index 154bc73e9b..05810983d2 100644 --- a/2ki/13/23.md +++ b/2ki/13/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh's covenant is the reason he did not destroy Israel. This can be made expl # has not driven them away from his presence Yahweh's rejection is spoken of as if he had physically driven Israel away from where he was. Alternate translation: "has not rejected them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/13/24.md b/2ki/13/24.md index 4e8ce690ad..51a7280659 100644 --- a/2ki/13/24.md +++ b/2ki/13/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # became king in his place "became king after him" - diff --git a/2ki/13/25.md b/2ki/13/25.md index 06942072ab..2d84b7f6dc 100644 --- a/2ki/13/25.md +++ b/2ki/13/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Jehoash" and "him" refer to the kings and their armies. Alternate translat # he recovered those cities of Israel "Jehoash took back control of the Israelite cities that Ben-Hadad had captured" - diff --git a/2ki/13/intro.md b/2ki/13/intro.md index 6101c3543c..54a6b53296 100644 --- a/2ki/13/intro.md +++ b/2ki/13/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # 2 Kings 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the last chapter about Elisha. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Elisha's death -#### Elisha's death The king of Israel is upset when Elisha is dying. Elisha assures him that he will have three victories over Aram. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor The king compares the protection that Elisha had given Israel to "The chariot of Israel and the horsemen." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The king compares the protection that Elisha had given Israel to "The chariot of * __[2 Kings 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/14/01.md b/2ki/14/01.md index a75221e4c6..615beedf6b 100644 --- a/2ki/14/01.md +++ b/2ki/14/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Amaziah son of Joash, king of Judah, began to reign "Amaziah son of Joash, became the king of Judah" - diff --git a/2ki/14/02.md b/2ki/14/02.md index 0694e9413e..5a5abaf608 100644 --- a/2ki/14/02.md +++ b/2ki/14/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Jehoaddan (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/03.md b/2ki/14/03.md index 0f80e793b4..e95d16f13f 100644 --- a/2ki/14/03.md +++ b/2ki/14/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the eyes of Yahweh" refers to his sight, and his sight refers to his judgm # He did everything that Joash, his father, had done Joash obeyed Yahweh and did good things. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "He did the same good things that his father Joash had done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/04.md b/2ki/14/04.md index 74d62e044d..16b9d32ce1 100644 --- a/2ki/14/04.md +++ b/2ki/14/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. The high places were used for pagan worship. # sacrificed and burned incense at the high places The high places were used for pagan worship. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "sacrificed and burned incense to pagan gods at the high places"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/05.md b/2ki/14/05.md index 6829fdaa99..726845294d 100644 --- a/2ki/14/05.md +++ b/2ki/14/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as soon as Amaziah se # he killed the servants Amaziah probably ordered other people to kill the officials. Alternate translation: "he made his servants execute the officials" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/06.md b/2ki/14/06.md index 349019bbf1..7dca3af648 100644 --- a/2ki/14/06.md +++ b/2ki/14/06.md @@ -13,5 +13,3 @@ King Amaziah did not order his servants to kill the children of the men who kill # Fathers must not be put to death because of their children, neither must the children be put to death because of their fathers This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People must not kill the fathers for the sins of their children, and they must not kill the children for the sins of their parents" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - - diff --git a/2ki/14/07.md b/2ki/14/07.md index 7ec88943c4..98ffc1c9e7 100644 --- a/2ki/14/07.md +++ b/2ki/14/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "he" refers to King amaziah and represents himself and his army. A # Sela ... Joktheel They renamed the city of Sela. The new name was Joktheel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/08.md b/2ki/14/08.md index 00594d6aea..78790df801 100644 --- a/2ki/14/08.md +++ b/2ki/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Amaziah sent messengers to Jehoash son of Jehoahaz son of Jehu king of Israel, saying, "Come, let us meet each other face to face in battle." Here "each other" also included their armies. Alternate translation: "Then Amaziah sent messengers to King Jehoash of Israel, saying, 'Come here and let us and our armies fight each other in battle.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/09.md b/2ki/14/09.md index 7d7ba279ac..b9faf8b84b 100644 --- a/2ki/14/09.md +++ b/2ki/14/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ type of bush with thorns # saying, 'Give your daughter to my son for a wife,' This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "asking the cedar to give his daughter to the thistle's son for a wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/10.md b/2ki/14/10.md index e291a390ba..6e7bf16135 100644 --- a/2ki/14/10.md +++ b/2ki/14/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to being proud. Alternate translation: "you are ver # for why should you cause yourself trouble and fall Jehoash uses this question to warn Amaziah not to attack him. Alternate translation: "for you should not cause trouble for yourself and suffer defeat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/11.md b/2ki/14/11.md index 295205d8c1..cbd7b54385 100644 --- a/2ki/14/11.md +++ b/2ki/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The armies of these kings went to battle with them. Alternate translation: "So J # Beth Shemesh This is a town in Judah near the border of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/12.md b/2ki/14/12.md index 7d3c82e880..09e4d349c9 100644 --- a/2ki/14/12.md +++ b/2ki/14/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Israel defeated Judah # every man fled to his tent "all the men in the army of Judah ran home." The people of Judah lived in houses at this time. - diff --git a/2ki/14/13.md b/2ki/14/13.md index e1826f4c12..3a812f1d9b 100644 --- a/2ki/14/13.md +++ b/2ki/14/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ There are the names of gates in the wall of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # cubits A cubit was about 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/14.md b/2ki/14/14.md index 19053d0068..76fe5480c7 100644 --- a/2ki/14/14.md +++ b/2ki/14/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "He" refers to Jehoash and his army. Alternate translation: "Jehoash and hi # with hostages also, and returned to Samaria This implies that Jehoash needed to take these hostages to prevent Amaziah from attacking again. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "and they also took to Samaria some prisoners to make sure that Amaziah would cause them no more trouble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/15.md b/2ki/14/15.md index d6948dc001..cd10f4158b 100644 --- a/2ki/14/15.md +++ b/2ki/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/16.md b/2ki/14/16.md index 013dac77bc..fae9087d73 100644 --- a/2ki/14/16.md +++ b/2ki/14/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way to say that he died. Alternate translation: "Then Jehoash d # became king in his place "became king after him" - diff --git a/2ki/14/17.md b/2ki/14/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/14/17.md +++ b/2ki/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/14/18.md b/2ki/14/18.md index b29d97d606..6830a7b6db 100644 --- a/2ki/14/18.md +++ b/2ki/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? This question is used to remind the reader that these things are recorded. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/19.md b/2ki/14/19.md index 85c13e9ddd..33ffdd3032 100644 --- a/2ki/14/19.md +++ b/2ki/14/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a city in southwestern Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names # but they sent men after him to Lachish The men who made the conspiracy sent other men to follow Amaziah to Lachish. - diff --git a/2ki/14/20.md b/2ki/14/20.md index b8f5fde1d9..869aed4fd6 100644 --- a/2ki/14/20.md +++ b/2ki/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is what happened after the death of King Amaziah. # They brought him back on horses "They brought Amaziah's body back on horses" - diff --git a/2ki/14/21.md b/2ki/14/21.md index eb22d15d61..67c5289463 100644 --- a/2ki/14/21.md +++ b/2ki/14/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a generalization. Some people may not have wanted him to be king. Altern # Azariah This king is better known today by the name "Uzziah." - diff --git a/2ki/14/22.md b/2ki/14/22.md index 69bc982bca..130bb86ae8 100644 --- a/2ki/14/22.md +++ b/2ki/14/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a city in Judah (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # lay down with his ancestors This is a poetic way to say he died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/23.md b/2ki/14/23.md index 8c6650292b..0f624caccf 100644 --- a/2ki/14/23.md +++ b/2ki/14/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This describes what King Uzziah did after he became king. # forty-one years "41 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/24.md b/2ki/14/24.md index 07e056f4a1..6c6a476372 100644 --- a/2ki/14/24.md +++ b/2ki/14/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sight" is a metaphor for judging or considering. Alternate translation: "e # He did not depart from any of the sins of Jeroboam To stop sinning is spoken of as leaving a path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "He did not stop committing the same sins as Jeroboam" or "He continued to commit the same sins as Jeroboam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/25.md b/2ki/14/25.md index 3b9d3816fc..18e594fa7c 100644 --- a/2ki/14/25.md +++ b/2ki/14/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This city was also called Hamath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Sea of the Arabah "the Dead Sea" - diff --git a/2ki/14/26.md b/2ki/14/26.md index 06e968ded3..6c08e30630 100644 --- a/2ki/14/26.md +++ b/2ki/14/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Suffering that was difficult is spoken of as if it had a bitter taste. Alternate # there was no rescuer for Israel "there was no one who could rescue Israel" - diff --git a/2ki/14/27.md b/2ki/14/27.md index 6a590f0334..55252b27b2 100644 --- a/2ki/14/27.md +++ b/2ki/14/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "the name of Israel" represents all of Israel and its inhabitants. Alternat # so he delivered them by the hand of Jeroboam son of Jehoash Here "hand" is a metonym for power. Also, "Jehoash" is a synecdoche representing Jehoash and his army. Alternate translation: "so he caused King Jeroboam and his army to rescue them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/28.md b/2ki/14/28.md index d6948dc001..cd10f4158b 100644 --- a/2ki/14/28.md +++ b/2ki/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/29.md b/2ki/14/29.md index c7d4772352..47978dfa11 100644 --- a/2ki/14/29.md +++ b/2ki/14/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeroboam lay down with his ancestors, with the kings of Israel This is a polite way to say that he died and was buried. Alternate translation: "Jeroboam died, and was buried where the other kings of Israel were buried" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ki/14/intro.md b/2ki/14/intro.md index 83ef8a7562..6abbfa4ed3 100644 --- a/2ki/14/intro.md +++ b/2ki/14/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # 2 Kings 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The text begins to alternate between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah again. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Pride -Pride in one's success can make a person attempt and fail at something else. Amaziah defeated Edom so he wanted to fight Israel. But Israel defeated him and thoroughly humiliated him. +### Pride + +Pride in one's success can make a person attempt and fail at something else. Amaziah defeated Edom so he wanted to fight Israel. But Israel defeated him and thoroughly humiliated him. ## Links: * __[2 Kings 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/15/01.md b/2ki/15/01.md index 2705679130..15e7b0dbfd 100644 --- a/2ki/15/01.md +++ b/2ki/15/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that this is the twenty-seventh year of his reign. Alte # Azariah This king is better known today by the name "Uzziah." - diff --git a/2ki/15/02.md b/2ki/15/02.md index 63af49e3ec..be9e846e60 100644 --- a/2ki/15/02.md +++ b/2ki/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jekoliah This is the name of Azariah's mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/03.md b/2ki/15/03.md index c07d144b84..7c5af159e6 100644 --- a/2ki/15/03.md +++ b/2ki/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "what was right in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/04.md b/2ki/15/04.md index fa2e59778f..f76dc4a4d7 100644 --- a/2ki/15/04.md +++ b/2ki/15/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one took away the # were not taken away Being taken away represents being destroyed. Alternate translation: "were not destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/05.md b/2ki/15/05.md index 252650696d..05f22d3ebf 100644 --- a/2ki/15/05.md +++ b/2ki/15/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "household" refers to the people living in the king's palace. Because A # was over the household Being over the household represents having authority over those in it. Alternate translation: "was in charge of the household" or "had authority over those in Azariah's palace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/06.md b/2ki/15/06.md index 27aa02278c..6b0620131f 100644 --- a/2ki/15/06.md +++ b/2ki/15/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written ... Judah? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Azariah is in this other book. This can also be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "they are written ... Judah." or "you can read about them ... Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/07.md b/2ki/15/07.md index bd0c83eab0..40b49c1189 100644 --- a/2ki/15/07.md +++ b/2ki/15/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "Azariah die # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Azariah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/08.md b/2ki/15/08.md index e1f9575878..f62259ab64 100644 --- a/2ki/15/08.md +++ b/2ki/15/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This Jeroboam was the second king of Israel that had that name. He was the son o # reigned over Israel in Samaria for six months Samaria is the city that Zechariah lived in when he was king of Israel. Alternate translation: "lived in Samaria and reigned over Israel for six months" - diff --git a/2ki/15/09.md b/2ki/15/09.md index 09f1a2ec88..fb15f73256 100644 --- a/2ki/15/09.md +++ b/2ki/15/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This Jeroboam was the first king of the ten northern tribes that made up the kin # who had caused Israel to sin Here the word "Israel" represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: "who had caused the people of Israel to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/10.md b/2ki/15/10.md index 0a338c4790..35cdaaf72c 100644 --- a/2ki/15/10.md +++ b/2ki/15/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Then he became king in his place "Then Shallum became king in Zechariah's place" - diff --git a/2ki/15/11.md b/2ki/15/11.md index 8fb56f213d..01304c7009 100644 --- a/2ki/15/11.md +++ b/2ki/15/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/12.md b/2ki/15/12.md index ff24c596a6..fc21eab0a2 100644 --- a/2ki/15/12.md +++ b/2ki/15/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that the events described in verse 10 fulfilled the wor # Your descendants will sit on the throne of Israel to the fourth generation Sitting on the throne represents being the king. Alternate translation: "Your descendants will be the kings of Israel for four generations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/13.md b/2ki/15/13.md index d7b9c57274..e894068157 100644 --- a/2ki/15/13.md +++ b/2ki/15/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Some ancient manuscripts and modern translations read, "Azariah." # he reigned only one month in Samaria Samaria is the city that he lived in when was king of Israel. Alternate translation: "Shallum lived in Samaria and reigned over Israel for only one month" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/14.md b/2ki/15/14.md index 44ee2e61b0..a41c354828 100644 --- a/2ki/15/14.md +++ b/2ki/15/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Shallum" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/15.md b/2ki/15/15.md index 102c304d47..65d8352ae5 100644 --- a/2ki/15/15.md +++ b/2ki/15/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "conspiracy" can be translated with the verb "plan." It can be # they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/16.md b/2ki/15/16.md index 8233af6c64..68baa9d446 100644 --- a/2ki/15/16.md +++ b/2ki/15/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tiphsah This is the name of a city. Some versions have "Tappuah," which is the name of another city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/17.md b/2ki/15/17.md index 4a058a6202..66eb5c5eea 100644 --- a/2ki/15/17.md +++ b/2ki/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In the thirty-ninth year of Azariah king of Judah It can be stated clearly that this is the thirty-ninth year of his reign. Alternate translation: "In year 39 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/18.md b/2ki/15/18.md index 7dc353a818..4873c25135 100644 --- a/2ki/15/18.md +++ b/2ki/15/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Departing from sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: # who had caused Israel to sin Here the word "Israel" represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: "who had caused the people of Israel to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/19.md b/2ki/15/19.md index 0bdb941803..cab85db70e 100644 --- a/2ki/15/19.md +++ b/2ki/15/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The abstract noun "support" can be translated with the verb "support." Alternate # to strengthen the kingdom of Israel in his hand Having the kingdom in his hand represents ruling the kingdom. Alternate translation: "to strengthen his rule over the kingdom of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/20.md b/2ki/15/20.md index b5c00b83b3..a394ec7696 100644 --- a/2ki/15/20.md +++ b/2ki/15/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "six hundred gr # did not stay there in the land "did not stay there in Israel" - diff --git a/2ki/15/21.md b/2ki/15/21.md index 179cf6ffd2..a34ea7b4e7 100644 --- a/2ki/15/21.md +++ b/2ki/15/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written ... Israel? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Menahem is in this other book. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in The Book of the Events of the Kings of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/22.md b/2ki/15/22.md index 83885e5de7..f151ada52a 100644 --- a/2ki/15/22.md +++ b/2ki/15/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Menahem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/23.md b/2ki/15/23.md index 76f97cb2ff..bd48baadba 100644 --- a/2ki/15/23.md +++ b/2ki/15/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that this is the fiftieth year of his reign. Alternate # Pekahiah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/24.md b/2ki/15/24.md index 50c5c4e617..0e9e31ff29 100644 --- a/2ki/15/24.md +++ b/2ki/15/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Leaving behind sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: # he had caused Israel to sin Here the word "Israel" represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/25.md b/2ki/15/25.md index c7cb78a1f8..138484d929 100644 --- a/2ki/15/25.md +++ b/2ki/15/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Pekahiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/26.md b/2ki/15/26.md index 8fb56f213d..01304c7009 100644 --- a/2ki/15/26.md +++ b/2ki/15/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/27.md b/2ki/15/27.md index 68e0840b76..058ddce82a 100644 --- a/2ki/15/27.md +++ b/2ki/15/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In the fifty-second year of Azariah king of Judah It can be stated clearly that this is the fifty-second year of his reign. Alternate translation: "In year 52 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/28.md b/2ki/15/28.md index 06a003d1a6..4177fd1cfb 100644 --- a/2ki/15/28.md +++ b/2ki/15/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment. See how you translated this in # He did not depart from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat Departing from sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: "Zechariah did not refuse to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat" or "He sinned as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/29.md b/2ki/15/29.md index a983354ec2..939652e8e1 100644 --- a/2ki/15/29.md +++ b/2ki/15/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "He" refers to Tiglath-Pileser and represents him and his army. Carrying th # the people It can be stated clearly which people these are. Alternate translation: "the people of those places" or "the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/30.md b/2ki/15/30.md index c6ccee7fc1..74dc33e926 100644 --- a/2ki/15/30.md +++ b/2ki/15/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate tran # in the twentieth year of Jotham son of Uzziah It can be stated clearly that this is the twentieth year of his reign. Alternate translation: "In year 20 of the reign of Jotham son of Uzziah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/31.md b/2ki/15/31.md index 8fb56f213d..01304c7009 100644 --- a/2ki/15/31.md +++ b/2ki/15/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/32.md b/2ki/15/32.md index 0875cd51b5..b6fae31605 100644 --- a/2ki/15/32.md +++ b/2ki/15/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that this is the second year of his reign. Alternate tr # Uzziah Some ancient manuscripts and modern translations read, "Azariah." - diff --git a/2ki/15/33.md b/2ki/15/33.md index e63fb73692..46d2c1321a 100644 --- a/2ki/15/33.md +++ b/2ki/15/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jerushah This is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/34.md b/2ki/15/34.md index 729b9588db..b02a7b97a6 100644 --- a/2ki/15/34.md +++ b/2ki/15/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate # Uzziah Some ancient manuscripts and modern translations read, "Azariah." - diff --git a/2ki/15/35.md b/2ki/15/35.md index ae8bc9d479..e59175b7d0 100644 --- a/2ki/15/35.md +++ b/2ki/15/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being taken away represents being destroyed. Alternate translation: "were not de # Jotham built the upper gate "Jotham built" represents Jotham making his workers build it. Alternate translation: "Jotham had his workers build the upper gate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/36.md b/2ki/15/36.md index 31b1cf7b9d..fb1a9796ed 100644 --- a/2ki/15/36.md +++ b/2ki/15/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written ... Judah? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Jotham is in this other book. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in The Book of the Events of the Kings of Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/37.md b/2ki/15/37.md index a41fea4bd1..ae9a73a649 100644 --- a/2ki/15/37.md +++ b/2ki/15/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Pekah ... Remaliah These are men's names. Pekah was the king of Israel. See how you translated them in [2 Kings 15:37](../15/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/38.md b/2ki/15/38.md index 397f7d90f1..6669449c59 100644 --- a/2ki/15/38.md +++ b/2ki/15/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "Jotham died # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Jotham" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/15/intro.md b/2ki/15/intro.md index 5fdce9f122..db046c5826 100644 --- a/2ki/15/intro.md +++ b/2ki/15/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 15 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Israel's evil -Israel assassinated one king after another. The Assyrians began attacking Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) +### Israel's evil + +Israel assassinated one king after another. The Assyrians began attacking Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: * __[2 Kings 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/16/01.md b/2ki/16/01.md index 241d398ab0..6c69be758a 100644 --- a/2ki/16/01.md +++ b/2ki/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that this is the seventeenth year of his reign. Alterna # Pekah ... Remaliah These are men's names. Pekah was the king of Israel. See how you translated them in [2 Kings 15:25](../15/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/02.md b/2ki/16/02.md index e4aeef8045..670424097e 100644 --- a/2ki/16/02.md +++ b/2ki/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate # as David his ancestor had done David had done what is right. - diff --git a/2ki/16/03.md b/2ki/16/03.md index 06bac6f16c..aa791a3659 100644 --- a/2ki/16/03.md +++ b/2ki/16/03.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ Walking represents behavior and actions. Alternate translation: "King Ahaz acted the same way that the kings of Israel had acted" or "he did the things that the kings of Israel had done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # He even made his son pass through the fire + You may need to make explicit why he caused his son be put into the fire and what happened after he did so. Alternate translation: "He even burned his son to death as an offering to his gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # following the detestable practices of the nations @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The word "nations" represents the people of other nations. Here it refers to the # before the people of Israel The people of those nations fled as the people of Israel moved into the land. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "before the people of Israel who moved into the land" or "as the people of Israel moved into the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/04.md b/2ki/16/04.md index 37963ca410..15d084156f 100644 --- a/2ki/16/04.md +++ b/2ki/16/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are places where the people of the other nations worshiped their false god # under every green tree God wanted his people to offer sacrifices to him in Jerusalem. The word "every" here is an exaggeration to show how determined King Ahaz was to disobey God by offering sacrifices in many other places instead. Alternate translation: "under many green trees" or "under many green trees around the country" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/05.md b/2ki/16/05.md index b4475ee23e..3b359c2b0a 100644 --- a/2ki/16/05.md +++ b/2ki/16/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. See how you translated them in [2 Kings 15:37](../15/37.m # besieged Ahaz Ahaz was in Jerusalem. Here "Ahaz" represents himself and the people who were in Jerusalem with him. Alternate translation: "surrounded the city with Ahaz in it" or "surrounded Ahaz and the others in the city with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/06.md b/2ki/16/06.md index 9820651784..953ecfb8a8 100644 --- a/2ki/16/06.md +++ b/2ki/16/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [2 Kings 14:22](../14/2 # to this day This means to the time of the writing of this book. - diff --git a/2ki/16/07.md b/2ki/16/07.md index bdecb5c9cd..c9ec6b0268 100644 --- a/2ki/16/07.md +++ b/2ki/16/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The hand is a metonym that represents power. Alternate translation: "from the po # who have attacked me The kings attacking Ahaz represent the armies of those kings attacking Ahaz and his people. Alternate translation: "who have attacked me with their armies" or "whose armies have attacked me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/08.md b/2ki/16/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/16/08.md +++ b/2ki/16/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/16/09.md b/2ki/16/09.md index f632e153d2..2334033e44 100644 --- a/2ki/16/09.md +++ b/2ki/16/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Carrying off the people represents forcing them to go away. Alternate translatio # Kir Possible meanings are 1) this is the name of a city or 2) this word means "city" and refers to the capital city of Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/10.md b/2ki/16/10.md index b658fda8dd..3bcffbe88d 100644 --- a/2ki/16/10.md +++ b/2ki/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the design for all the workmanship needed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "all the instructions that the workers needed in order to build it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/11.md b/2ki/16/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/16/11.md +++ b/2ki/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/16/12.md b/2ki/16/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/16/12.md +++ b/2ki/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/16/13.md b/2ki/16/13.md index 646b99fb91..143fce2753 100644 --- a/2ki/16/13.md +++ b/2ki/16/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is what King Ahaz did after he returned from Damascus and visited the new a # on the altar This refers to the altar that King Ahaz told Uriah to build. - diff --git a/2ki/16/14.md b/2ki/16/14.md index fe12384e66..bd8507a85d 100644 --- a/2ki/16/14.md +++ b/2ki/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the front of the temple ... from between his altar and the temple of Yahweh Both of these phrases tell where the bronze altar was. They refer to the same place. - diff --git a/2ki/16/15.md b/2ki/16/15.md index a0a7085465..3acd61acfa 100644 --- a/2ki/16/15.md +++ b/2ki/16/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the new altar that Ahaz told Uriah to build. # the king's burnt offering and his grain offering When Ahaz said "the king" and "his," he was referring to himself. The king treated his offerings as special. Alternate translation: "my burnt offering and my grain offering" or "the royal burnt offering and royal grain offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/16.md b/2ki/16/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/16/16.md +++ b/2ki/16/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/16/17.md b/2ki/16/17.md index 21351215ff..ac42045877 100644 --- a/2ki/16/17.md +++ b/2ki/16/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he also took down the sea "he also removed the large bowl." The "sea" was a huge basin or water bowl that was made of bronze. - diff --git a/2ki/16/18.md b/2ki/16/18.md index 252df9bcea..fe67354160 100644 --- a/2ki/16/18.md +++ b/2ki/16/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of the king of Assyria Why they did this can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "to please the king of Assyria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/19.md b/2ki/16/19.md index daeb799e5a..48e43cc425 100644 --- a/2ki/16/19.md +++ b/2ki/16/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written ... Judah? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Ahaz is in this other book. This can also be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in The Book of the Events of the Kings of Judah." or "someone has written about them in The Book ... Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/20.md b/2ki/16/20.md index 1fbe20dd0c..35081c9f12 100644 --- a/2ki/16/20.md +++ b/2ki/16/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people buried him wit # became king in his place The phrase "in his place" is a metaphor meaning "instead of him." Alternate translation: "became king instead of Ahaz" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/16/intro.md b/2ki/16/intro.md index 89706b9e35..f483cb3daf 100644 --- a/2ki/16/intro.md +++ b/2ki/16/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 2 Kings 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Ahaz -#### Ahaz Ahaz was a wicked king. Israel and Aram united to fight against him, so he paid the Assyrian king to attack Aram. Assyria defeated the people of Aram and took them into captivity. The people were to trust in Yahweh and not rely on military alliances with other Gentile nations. This showed a lack of trust in the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Ahaz was a wicked king. Israel and Aram united to fight against him, so he paid * __[2 Kings 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/17/01.md b/2ki/17/01.md index ccda97fd1e..b1f79232ff 100644 --- a/2ki/17/01.md +++ b/2ki/17/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # He ruled in Samaria Samaria was the capital city of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/02.md b/2ki/17/02.md index 03cd626a9c..0de024368e 100644 --- a/2ki/17/02.md +++ b/2ki/17/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # evil in the sight of Yahweh He did not obey Yahweh's laws as given to Moses. "In the sight of" is metaphor for judgment or opinion. Alternate translation: "evil to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/03.md b/2ki/17/03.md index 424ec39841..c4d85cedf6 100644 --- a/2ki/17/03.md +++ b/2ki/17/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hoshea became his servant and brought him tribute Hoshea did as the King of Assyria commanded and brought money to him so that the King would not destroy Israel. - diff --git a/2ki/17/04.md b/2ki/17/04.md index 255c2b02ec..d2307ae050 100644 --- a/2ki/17/04.md +++ b/2ki/17/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # shut him up and bound him in prison "put Hoshea in prison" - diff --git a/2ki/17/05.md b/2ki/17/05.md index 19db8f1daa..ba9a1a9bb9 100644 --- a/2ki/17/05.md +++ b/2ki/17/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # besieged it put troops around the city in order to force it to surrender - diff --git a/2ki/17/06.md b/2ki/17/06.md index 9c8714cdd1..71f6629951 100644 --- a/2ki/17/06.md +++ b/2ki/17/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of locations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Medes This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/07.md b/2ki/17/07.md index b73c4ccec6..10fb7d04c0 100644 --- a/2ki/17/07.md +++ b/2ki/17/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the capture of the Israelites by the Assyrians. # the hand of "Hand" is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate translation: "the control of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/08.md b/2ki/17/08.md index 4e4e1a0829..676aab7535 100644 --- a/2ki/17/08.md +++ b/2ki/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # walking in the customs "Walking" is metaphor for the ways or patterns of behavior people use in their lives. Alternate translation: "doing the activities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/09.md b/2ki/17/09.md index 2f3b4131d8..24342fe863 100644 --- a/2ki/17/09.md +++ b/2ki/17/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The narrative continues to summarize Yahweh's judgment on Israel. - diff --git a/2ki/17/10.md b/2ki/17/10.md index 7ce05deadb..7d591f0b46 100644 --- a/2ki/17/10.md +++ b/2ki/17/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on every high hill and under every green tree These are exaggerations to show that worship of false gods was widespread. Alternate translation: "on high hills and under green trees everywhere" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/11.md b/2ki/17/11.md index a50f76a6e2..28e9a91d70 100644 --- a/2ki/17/11.md +++ b/2ki/17/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The narrative continues to summarize Yahweh's judgment on Israel. # performed wicked things to provoke Yahweh to anger Possible ways to render this: 1) "did many wicked things that caused Yahweh to become angry" or 2) "did many sinful things that made Yahweh angry" - diff --git a/2ki/17/12.md b/2ki/17/12.md index d3e62bf03c..9d0f54dd15 100644 --- a/2ki/17/12.md +++ b/2ki/17/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about which Yahweh had said to them "about which Yahweh had warned them" - diff --git a/2ki/17/13.md b/2ki/17/13.md index 8c8d0cc840..b9f63cb29b 100644 --- a/2ki/17/13.md +++ b/2ki/17/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh spoke through the prophets. # I sent to you by my servants the prophets The prophets were sent by Yahweh to remind the people of God's Laws and to obey them. - diff --git a/2ki/17/14.md b/2ki/17/14.md index ffb8be555f..1b397f7ae2 100644 --- a/2ki/17/14.md +++ b/2ki/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The summary of Yahweh's judgment on Israel continues. # they stiffened their necks The phrase "stiffened their necks" is a metaphor that means that they became very stubborn. Alternate translation: "they became very stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/15.md b/2ki/17/15.md index 29b9e54d21..fdbdd279c7 100644 --- a/2ki/17/15.md +++ b/2ki/17/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They followed the practices of the people around them. # not to imitate "not to copy" - diff --git a/2ki/17/16.md b/2ki/17/16.md index 58693a6217..cc5a2f9102 100644 --- a/2ki/17/16.md +++ b/2ki/17/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The summary of Yahweh's judgment on Israel continues. # cast metal figures Cast metal figures are objects made by pouring melted metal into a form (or mold) to make a shape. - diff --git a/2ki/17/17.md b/2ki/17/17.md index c80fa975ed..f452f80bce 100644 --- a/2ki/17/17.md +++ b/2ki/17/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # sold themselves to do that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh To "sell themselves" is a metaphor for committing completely to do that which was evil. Alternate translation: "committed themselves to do things that Yahweh said were evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/18.md b/2ki/17/18.md index f5a7b9b8d9..8d4e89adc0 100644 --- a/2ki/17/18.md +++ b/2ki/17/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # removed them out of his sight "Sight" is metonymy for being within the attention of Yahweh so he no longer cared for them. Alternate translation: "removed them from his attention" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/19.md b/2ki/17/19.md index 0c98818cee..d6ef01bebc 100644 --- a/2ki/17/19.md +++ b/2ki/17/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The summary of Yahweh's judgment on Israel includes how Judah also fell into ido # Judah The location "Judah" is metonymy for the people that live there. Alternate translation: "the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/20.md b/2ki/17/20.md index 9fd50d2245..db2f95f405 100644 --- a/2ki/17/20.md +++ b/2ki/17/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # until he had cast them out of his sight "his sight" is metaphor for attention and caring. Alternate translation: "until he got rid of them all" or "until they were no longer in his presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/21.md b/2ki/17/21.md index d34a69a47c..d33db2b169 100644 --- a/2ki/17/21.md +++ b/2ki/17/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The reason for Yahweh's judgment on Israel continues by relating the history beh # drove Israel away from following Yahweh "turned the people of Israel away from following Yahweh" - diff --git a/2ki/17/22.md b/2ki/17/22.md index 02dc8ad3d3..5a403b943f 100644 --- a/2ki/17/22.md +++ b/2ki/17/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they did not depart from them "the Israelites did not stop committing these sins" or "they did not turn away from those sins" - diff --git a/2ki/17/23.md b/2ki/17/23.md index 0f62ba454b..e71d204440 100644 --- a/2ki/17/23.md +++ b/2ki/17/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so Yahweh removed Israel from his sight "Sight" here is a metaphor for attention and care. Alternate translation: "so Yahweh removed the people of Israel from his attention and care" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/24.md b/2ki/17/24.md index 0538677c3b..5060d33cd1 100644 --- a/2ki/17/24.md +++ b/2ki/17/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's judgment continues against the new Assyrian inhabitants who practice th # Kuthah ... Avva ... Hamath ... Sepharvaim These are places in the Assyrian empire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/25.md b/2ki/17/25.md index e621893c1e..a3511c915e 100644 --- a/2ki/17/25.md +++ b/2ki/17/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It happened at the beginning of their residence there that "When those people first lived there" - diff --git a/2ki/17/26.md b/2ki/17/26.md index 635ac6126a..aae7fce7ac 100644 --- a/2ki/17/26.md +++ b/2ki/17/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do not know the practices required by the god of the land "do not know how to worship the God that the Israelites worshiped in this land" - diff --git a/2ki/17/27.md b/2ki/17/27.md index 975062eadb..919fd29da5 100644 --- a/2ki/17/27.md +++ b/2ki/17/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # let him teach them "let the Samaritan priest teach the people who are living there now" - diff --git a/2ki/17/28.md b/2ki/17/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/17/28.md +++ b/2ki/17/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/17/29.md b/2ki/17/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/17/29.md +++ b/2ki/17/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/17/30.md b/2ki/17/30.md index 37af5b06a7..f611194fe1 100644 --- a/2ki/17/30.md +++ b/2ki/17/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of gods, both male and female. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tr # Kuthah ... Hamath These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/31.md b/2ki/17/31.md index 8b72cacd14..6b40f8999b 100644 --- a/2ki/17/31.md +++ b/2ki/17/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names # burned their children in the fire "sacrificed their own children" or "burned their children in fire as an offering" - diff --git a/2ki/17/32.md b/2ki/17/32.md index 1377e629b4..dfcfb1e4fb 100644 --- a/2ki/17/32.md +++ b/2ki/17/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They This refers to the pagan people that the king of Assyria moved into the cities of Samaria. - diff --git a/2ki/17/33.md b/2ki/17/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/17/33.md +++ b/2ki/17/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/17/34.md b/2ki/17/34.md index bcdfb787c3..557a003f1c 100644 --- a/2ki/17/34.md +++ b/2ki/17/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They neither honor Yahweh The people were only interested in appeasing Yahweh. They were either not interested or not aware Yahweh was interested in a relationship with them. - diff --git a/2ki/17/35.md b/2ki/17/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/17/35.md +++ b/2ki/17/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/17/36.md b/2ki/17/36.md index ae93891f01..1438f71f71 100644 --- a/2ki/17/36.md +++ b/2ki/17/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The summary comes toward the end with an appeal to worship only Yahweh. # with great power and with an outstretched arm The phrase "raised arm" is metonymy for displaying power and means basically the same thing as "great power." Alternate translation: "with very great power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/37.md b/2ki/17/37.md index fa049e2bf3..c0b2921b8d 100644 --- a/2ki/17/37.md +++ b/2ki/17/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # keep them "obey them" - diff --git a/2ki/17/38.md b/2ki/17/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/17/38.md +++ b/2ki/17/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/17/39.md b/2ki/17/39.md index d35a45f5ad..9f93367c99 100644 --- a/2ki/17/39.md +++ b/2ki/17/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The summary now ends with an appeal to worship only Yahweh and a description of the sins of the people. - diff --git a/2ki/17/40.md b/2ki/17/40.md index 53a89cf3ef..fe2d464ca6 100644 --- a/2ki/17/40.md +++ b/2ki/17/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They would not listen "Listen" here is a metaphor for paying attention and acting on the command. Alternate translation: "They did not obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/17/41.md b/2ki/17/41.md index 891551b751..dfd5c4e1a3 100644 --- a/2ki/17/41.md +++ b/2ki/17/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These nations feared Yahweh only to the point of appeasing him the same way they # up to this day "and have continued ever since." The phrase "this day" refers to the time period in which the writer lived. - diff --git a/2ki/17/intro.md b/2ki/17/intro.md index c5e8bd652f..68b6074764 100644 --- a/2ki/17/intro.md +++ b/2ki/17/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # 2 Kings 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter ends the story about the kingdom of Israel and continues with Judah alone. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Idol worship +### Idol worship Israel continued to worship idols, so God punished them by allowing Assyria to conquer them and take them away. Assyria brought people from other lands and settled them in what used to be Israel's territory and the new people worshiped their own gods in addition to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Israel continued to worship idols, so God punished them by allowing Assyria to c * __[2 Kings 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/18/01.md b/2ki/18/01.md index 4d7ea6c44f..8cb4020515 100644 --- a/2ki/18/01.md +++ b/2ki/18/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hezekiah becomes king over Judah in place of his father King Ahaz. # Hoshea ... Elah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/02.md b/2ki/18/02.md index d1b5bbbb25..5260faa9ba 100644 --- a/2ki/18/02.md +++ b/2ki/18/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Abijah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/03.md b/2ki/18/03.md index d2869326ee..c331fd534d 100644 --- a/2ki/18/03.md +++ b/2ki/18/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh "In the eyes" here is a metaphor for Yahweh's attention and care. Alternate translation: "King Hezekiah did what was right to Yahweh" or "Hezekiah did things that Yahweh said are right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/04.md b/2ki/18/04.md index 332494b0dc..5b2f74ce05 100644 --- a/2ki/18/04.md +++ b/2ki/18/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The story of King Hezekiah's reign continues. # Nehushtan This name could be translated "Bronze Serpent Idol." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/05.md b/2ki/18/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/18/05.md +++ b/2ki/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/18/06.md b/2ki/18/06.md index 5836093c2f..3c078bb921 100644 --- a/2ki/18/06.md +++ b/2ki/18/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The story of King Hezekiah's reign continues. # he held on to Yahweh To "hold on" is metaphor for staying loyal and attached. Alternate translation: "Hezekiah stayed loyal to Yahweh" or "Hezekiah remained faithful to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/07.md b/2ki/18/07.md index 12dfbcdb72..c7ae00c958 100644 --- a/2ki/18/07.md +++ b/2ki/18/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wherever he went he prospered "wherever Hezekiah went he was successful" - diff --git a/2ki/18/08.md b/2ki/18/08.md index 3002ab2f5c..a12aef1005 100644 --- a/2ki/18/08.md +++ b/2ki/18/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fortified city city with a wall all around it - diff --git a/2ki/18/09.md b/2ki/18/09.md index c7e650918f..2c15407bf2 100644 --- a/2ki/18/09.md +++ b/2ki/18/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hoshea ... Elah ... Shalmaneser These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/10.md b/2ki/18/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/18/10.md +++ b/2ki/18/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/18/11.md b/2ki/18/11.md index 4e44d3f190..8eb750a73a 100644 --- a/2ki/18/11.md +++ b/2ki/18/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # So the king of Assyria carried Israel away to Assyria "So the king of Assyria commanded his army to take the Israelites away from their homes, and he made them live in Assyria" - diff --git a/2ki/18/12.md b/2ki/18/12.md index a02078e83a..8b82fe503c 100644 --- a/2ki/18/12.md +++ b/2ki/18/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the voice of Yahweh "Voice" is metonymy for the message about the command of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the command of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/13.md b/2ki/18/13.md index e54bcc7006..0486353bb1 100644 --- a/2ki/18/13.md +++ b/2ki/18/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # fortified cities Cities with walls around them for protection. See how you translated "fortified city" in [2 Kings 18:8](../18/08.md). - diff --git a/2ki/18/14.md b/2ki/18/14.md index 7b20d80e82..6231a3d411 100644 --- a/2ki/18/14.md +++ b/2ki/18/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This expression assumes that "me" represents the kingdom of Hezekiah. Alternate # talents This is the name of type of weight that was used for money. One talent weighted about 33 kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/15.md b/2ki/18/15.md index 6d628f884d..07bbfe7a87 100644 --- a/2ki/18/15.md +++ b/2ki/18/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # treasuries This was the place in the palace where money and valuable things were stored. - diff --git a/2ki/18/16.md b/2ki/18/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/18/16.md +++ b/2ki/18/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/18/17.md b/2ki/18/17.md index 70f3f8aa60..603ca86238 100644 --- a/2ki/18/17.md +++ b/2ki/18/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the channel where the water stored in the "upper pool" flows into the city of Je # stood by it "and waited there for King Hezekiah to meet with them" - diff --git a/2ki/18/18.md b/2ki/18/18.md index 1abecfdc46..975f402cb8 100644 --- a/2ki/18/18.md +++ b/2ki/18/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliakim ... Hilkiah ... Shebna ... Joah ... Asaph These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/19.md b/2ki/18/19.md index 4afe262168..9246da6fb9 100644 --- a/2ki/18/19.md +++ b/2ki/18/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Rabshakeh continues telling the message from the king of Assyria to King Hezekia # What is the source of your confidence? The King of Assyria (through his messenger Rabshakeh) wants to make King Hezekiah doubt himself and Egypt's support. He does not ask this question looking for an answer. Alternate translation: "You have no reason to think that you can defeat me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/20.md b/2ki/18/20.md index 43ca63adcb..da655a6813 100644 --- a/2ki/18/20.md +++ b/2ki/18/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The speaker is trying to convince the hearers that Hezekiah does not know how to # In whom are you trusting, that you should rebel against me? The speaker wants to make the hearers doubt that Egypt can support Judah. He does not ask this question looking for an answer. Alternate translation: "You cannot trust anyone to help you rebel against me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/21.md b/2ki/18/21.md index 67e7e432c6..fdc31a145a 100644 --- a/2ki/18/21.md +++ b/2ki/18/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The speaker compares Egypt to a weak walking stick; you expect that it will supp # if a man leans ... and pierce it The speaker is extending the metaphor by describing what happens when a reed is used as a support. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/22.md b/2ki/18/22.md index 46db3d962c..e1c88798ba 100644 --- a/2ki/18/22.md +++ b/2ki/18/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Rabshakeh continues telling the message from the king of Assyria to King Hezekia # is not he the one whose high places ... Jerusalem'? This question assumes the listeners know the answer and is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: "You need to remember that he is the one whose high places ... Jerusalem'!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/23.md b/2ki/18/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/18/23.md +++ b/2ki/18/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/18/24.md b/2ki/18/24.md index fa7e9eb576..8bf6a1cf31 100644 --- a/2ki/18/24.md +++ b/2ki/18/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Rabshakeh continues telling the message from the king of Assyria to King Hezekia # How could you resist even one captain of the least of my master's servants? He asks this question to emphasize that the army of Hezekiah does not have the resources to fight. He also uses exaggeration to mock Hezekiah's army. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are 1) "You could not defeat even one of the least of the king's soldiers." or 2) "You could not defeat a group of the king's soldiers commanded by his least important officer." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/25.md b/2ki/18/25.md index 7badb74159..4cb443e4a5 100644 --- a/2ki/18/25.md +++ b/2ki/18/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Have I traveled up here without Yahweh to fight against this place and destroy it? He asks this question to emphasize that Yahweh is behind his success to obey the command to destroy Israel. Alternate translation: "Yahweh himself told us to come here and destroy this land!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/26.md b/2ki/18/26.md index 7821269104..9c70c5747e 100644 --- a/2ki/18/26.md +++ b/2ki/18/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the names of these men as in [2 Kings 18:18](../18/18.md). (See: [[rc: # in the ears of the people who are on the wall "In the ears" is metonymy for being able to listen. Alternate translation: "because the people standing on the city wall will hear it and be afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/27.md b/2ki/18/27.md index 162d913b68..3512dc747d 100644 --- a/2ki/18/27.md +++ b/2ki/18/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Has my master sent me to your master and to you to speak these words? Has he not sent me to the men who sit on the wall, who will have to eat their own dung and drink their own urine with you? He asks these questions assuming the listeners know the answers to emphasize their intention to destroy and humiliate the leaders and people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "My master sent me not only to you and your master, but also to speak to the people in this city, who will suffer with you when they have to eat their own dung and drink their own urine to survive." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/28.md b/2ki/18/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/18/28.md +++ b/2ki/18/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/18/29.md b/2ki/18/29.md index 1e6a6a43a0..dcdaa089a2 100644 --- a/2ki/18/29.md +++ b/2ki/18/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from my power "my power" is metonymy for the ability of the king himself. Alternate translation: "from me" or "from the power of my army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/30.md b/2ki/18/30.md index 0b67789dce..54dfd19870 100644 --- a/2ki/18/30.md +++ b/2ki/18/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be expressed in an active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will nev # the hand "Hand" is metonymy for control, authority and power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/31.md b/2ki/18/31.md index 0ac3005a2f..343f51351b 100644 --- a/2ki/18/31.md +++ b/2ki/18/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his own vine ... his own fig tree ... his own cistern These sources of food and water are metaphors for security and plenty. This also was a common way of expressing this idea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/32.md b/2ki/18/32.md index 7cf640358f..faeb223fac 100644 --- a/2ki/18/32.md +++ b/2ki/18/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a land of grain and new wine ... bread and vineyards ... olive trees and honey These are metaphors for having good things and plenty in daily life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/33.md b/2ki/18/33.md index d671fe1ef9..1e6e66a4b4 100644 --- a/2ki/18/33.md +++ b/2ki/18/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Rabshakeh continues telling the message from the king of Assyria to King Hezekia # Has any of the gods ... Assyria? He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: "None the gods of the peoples have rescued them ... Assyria." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/34.md b/2ki/18/34.md index 8b36f458de..5bee2cd0a1 100644 --- a/2ki/18/34.md +++ b/2ki/18/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of places that represent the people living there. (See: [[rc # out of my hand "Hand" is metonymy for control, power, or authority. Alternate translation: "out from my control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/35.md b/2ki/18/35.md index c92c194b5d..ab019ac03b 100644 --- a/2ki/18/35.md +++ b/2ki/18/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate trans # How could Yahweh save Jerusalem from my might? He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: "There is no way Yahweh can save Jerusalem from my might!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/18/36.md b/2ki/18/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/18/36.md +++ b/2ki/18/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/18/37.md b/2ki/18/37.md index 3f6d88096d..58169f354b 100644 --- a/2ki/18/37.md +++ b/2ki/18/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # chief commander and is the translation of the Hebrew; some see this as a personal name, "Rabshakeh" - diff --git a/2ki/18/intro.md b/2ki/18/intro.md index 12c9cb285a..f59f7a8a39 100644 --- a/2ki/18/intro.md +++ b/2ki/18/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter begins the story of Hezekiah, one of the great kings of Judah (2 Kings 18–20). Because he was so important, there is more space dedicated to the history of his reign. +This chapter begins the story of Hezekiah, one of the great kings of Judah (2 Kings 18–20). Because he was so important, there is more space dedicated to the history of his reign. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust in Yahweh -#### Trust in Yahweh Hezekiah trusted and obeyed God. He stopped paying tribute to Assyria so the Assyrians invaded Judah. The Assyrian king told the people of Judah that resistance was useless. Despite this, Hezekiah trusted in the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Hezekiah trusted and obeyed God. He stopped paying tribute to Assyria so the Ass * __[2 Kings 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/19/01.md b/2ki/19/01.md index dd30eaa5fb..b6e4707c25 100644 --- a/2ki/19/01.md +++ b/2ki/19/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house of Yahweh This is another way of saying "temple of Yahweh." - diff --git a/2ki/19/02.md b/2ki/19/02.md index c6187eb79f..00fff5f207 100644 --- a/2ki/19/02.md +++ b/2ki/19/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # all covered with sackcloth "all wearing sackcloth" - diff --git a/2ki/19/03.md b/2ki/19/03.md index f9fc1d4991..ca728d78c5 100644 --- a/2ki/19/03.md +++ b/2ki/19/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the children have come to the time of birth, but there is no strength for them to be born This is a metaphor to describe how the people and their leaders have become so weak and unable to fight the enemy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/04.md b/2ki/19/04.md index 7608e78af0..fd061b87c2 100644 --- a/2ki/19/04.md +++ b/2ki/19/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # lift up your prayer This a common way (an idiom) to use the action of lifting to metaphorically represent praying earnestly to Yahweh who is above us. Alternate translation: "pray earnestly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/05.md b/2ki/19/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/19/05.md +++ b/2ki/19/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/19/06.md b/2ki/19/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/19/06.md +++ b/2ki/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/19/07.md b/2ki/19/07.md index 12e7a87289..eb6b178f81 100644 --- a/2ki/19/07.md +++ b/2ki/19/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You should translate this phrase using a word for a message that could be either # I will cause him to fall by the sword "Fall by the sword" is metonymy for being killed. Alternate translation: "I will cause him to die by the sword" or "I will cause some men to kill him with a sword" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/08.md b/2ki/19/08.md index 288694265d..decef31348 100644 --- a/2ki/19/08.md +++ b/2ki/19/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Libnah ... Lachish The names of cities in the kingdom of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/09.md b/2ki/19/09.md index 3a8523d3bc..fd2ea0840a 100644 --- a/2ki/19/09.md +++ b/2ki/19/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # a message This message was written in a letter. - diff --git a/2ki/19/10.md b/2ki/19/10.md index 9b473bd560..0c4f333b7a 100644 --- a/2ki/19/10.md +++ b/2ki/19/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the message that King Sennacharib of Assyria sent to King Hezekiah. # the hand of the king of Assyria "Hand" is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate translation: "the control of the government of Assyria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/11.md b/2ki/19/11.md index 6191e7cc2e..5c1ccd3db4 100644 --- a/2ki/19/11.md +++ b/2ki/19/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # So will you be rescued? Sennacharib used this question to emphasize that God will not be able to rescue them. Alternate translation: "Your God will not rescue you!" or "You will not be able to escape either!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/12.md b/2ki/19/12.md index 99c57b73f4..ab7de027ff 100644 --- a/2ki/19/12.md +++ b/2ki/19/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This question assumes Hezekiah knows the answer and provides emphasis. Alternate # Gozan ... Haran ... Rezeph ... Eden ... Tel Assar These are all place names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/13.md b/2ki/19/13.md index 6365b5a76b..017e259d43 100644 --- a/2ki/19/13.md +++ b/2ki/19/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hamath ... Arpad ... Sepharvaim ... Hena ... Ivvah These are all place names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/14.md b/2ki/19/14.md index 475c95bf82..b87d3f7258 100644 --- a/2ki/19/14.md +++ b/2ki/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this letter This refers to the letter that King Sennacherib of Assyria sent to Hezekiah ([2 Kings 19:8](../19/08.md)). - diff --git a/2ki/19/15.md b/2ki/19/15.md index 69d4e4d606..44bc794bdd 100644 --- a/2ki/19/15.md +++ b/2ki/19/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you who sit above the cherubim You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark of the covenant. The biblical writers often spoke of the ark of the covenant as if it were Yahweh's footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above. Alternate translation: "you who sit on your throne above the cherubim on the ark of the covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/16.md b/2ki/19/16.md index 598ac52ea8..00167c99bb 100644 --- a/2ki/19/16.md +++ b/2ki/19/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ To "incline the ear" is to lean toward the speaker so as to better hear the word # Open your eyes, Yahweh, and see The words "Open your eyes" and "see" mean the same thing and add emphasis to the plea. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, please pay attention to what is happening" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/17.md b/2ki/19/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/19/17.md +++ b/2ki/19/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/19/18.md b/2ki/19/18.md index a1941ecaa6..a70d37f423 100644 --- a/2ki/19/18.md +++ b/2ki/19/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Assyrians have destroyed them "Assyrians have destroyed both the nations and the nations' gods" - diff --git a/2ki/19/19.md b/2ki/19/19.md index cfb83aeece..a4925336a0 100644 --- a/2ki/19/19.md +++ b/2ki/19/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ King Hezekiah continues praying to Yahweh after receiving the letter from King S # from his power "from the power of the King of Assyria" or "from the armies of the King of Assyria" - diff --git a/2ki/19/20.md b/2ki/19/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/19/20.md +++ b/2ki/19/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/19/21.md b/2ki/19/21.md index d8577919a2..82afe44316 100644 --- a/2ki/19/21.md +++ b/2ki/19/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer begins to quote a poem by the prophet Isaiah that contains a prophecy # shakes her head at you This action is a metaphor to represent disdain at the pride of the Assyrians. Alternate translation: "scorns you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/22.md b/2ki/19/22.md index 127381586d..c25ca131fe 100644 --- a/2ki/19/22.md +++ b/2ki/19/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to rebuke Sennacherib. Alternate translation: " # the Holy One of Israel An expression for the God of Israel, Yahweh. - diff --git a/2ki/19/23.md b/2ki/19/23.md index 0de8f1da02..3412a01ed0 100644 --- a/2ki/19/23.md +++ b/2ki/19/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "defy" is to openly resist or mock. # I have gone up ... I will cut down ... I will enter These boasts made by Sennacherib could only be fulfilled by his army. The pronoun "I" represents him and his army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/24.md b/2ki/19/24.md index d66fcdb2d1..b87cbb1060 100644 --- a/2ki/19/24.md +++ b/2ki/19/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I dried up all the rivers of Egypt under the soles of my feet. This is a boast that Sennacherib has so many soldiers that their feet dry up the water when they cross a river. This is an exaggeration to emphasize the great number of soldiers he has. Alternate translation: "And by marching through the streams of Egypt, we dried them all up!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/25.md b/2ki/19/25.md index ea2a003e2e..6117e778d3 100644 --- a/2ki/19/25.md +++ b/2ki/19/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To make the point strongly this question assumes the listener knows the answer. # impregnable cities "cities that cannot be captured" or "cities surrounded by high walls" - diff --git a/2ki/19/26.md b/2ki/19/26.md index 859f596df5..010bcefb71 100644 --- a/2ki/19/26.md +++ b/2ki/19/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor compares the weak victims of the Assyrian advance to fragile plant # the grass on the roof or in the field, burned before it has grown up This continues the metaphor comparing the weak victims of the Assyrian advance to fragile plants in difficult conditions for growing fully. Alternate translation: "like grass before it has matured" or "like grass before it has grown tall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/27.md b/2ki/19/27.md index a4398efb87..4c3bcf8793 100644 --- a/2ki/19/27.md +++ b/2ki/19/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the message from Yahweh, given by Isaiah, the prophet, for King H # raging against me "angry shouting about me" - diff --git a/2ki/19/28.md b/2ki/19/28.md index 881114c63b..e047cb5cee 100644 --- a/2ki/19/28.md +++ b/2ki/19/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A "hook" and a "bit" (to control a horse) are metaphors for Yahweh's control of # I will turn you back the way you came That Sennacherib will return home before he can conquer Jerusalem can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "I will make you return to your own country the same way you came, without conquering Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/29.md b/2ki/19/29.md index cbdb56be42..4a9455d150 100644 --- a/2ki/19/29.md +++ b/2ki/19/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Isaiah is talking to King Hezekiah. He continues using parallelism througho # grows wild "grows without having been planted" - diff --git a/2ki/19/30.md b/2ki/19/30.md index c21350b308..817d77d46e 100644 --- a/2ki/19/30.md +++ b/2ki/19/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The remnant of the house of Judah that survives will again take root and bear fruit This metaphor compares restoration of the remnant to plantings that take hold and produce results. Alternate translation: "The people of Judah who remain alive will restore their lives and prosperity" or "The people who remain in Judah will prosper and have many children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/31.md b/2ki/19/31.md index 43ac68c1af..f21f55c1e2 100644 --- a/2ki/19/31.md +++ b/2ki/19/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do this "The strong action of Yahweh will make this happen" - diff --git a/2ki/19/32.md b/2ki/19/32.md index fb0d18dbe7..c90f43d9a6 100644 --- a/2ki/19/32.md +++ b/2ki/19/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the end of the message from Yahweh, spoken through the prophet Isaiah to # or build up a siege ramp against it "and they will not even build up high mounds of earth against the city wall to enable them to attack the city" - diff --git a/2ki/19/33.md b/2ki/19/33.md index da55a605a7..f2a6e05713 100644 --- a/2ki/19/33.md +++ b/2ki/19/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/34.md b/2ki/19/34.md index 4d17983798..c7f76fb6bc 100644 --- a/2ki/19/34.md +++ b/2ki/19/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for my own sake and for my servant David's sake "for the sake of my own reputation and because of what I promised to King David, who served me well" - diff --git a/2ki/19/35.md b/2ki/19/35.md index cea68f1d4b..a9e3232c3b 100644 --- a/2ki/19/35.md +++ b/2ki/19/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # When the men arose "When the men who were left alive got up" - diff --git a/2ki/19/36.md b/2ki/19/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/19/36.md +++ b/2ki/19/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/19/37.md b/2ki/19/37.md index 93e0370b2b..65bbf3c553 100644 --- a/2ki/19/37.md +++ b/2ki/19/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Adrammelek ... Sharezer ... Esarhaddon These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/19/intro.md b/2ki/19/intro.md index 927153ff3b..2db1652ae2 100644 --- a/2ki/19/intro.md +++ b/2ki/19/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # 2 Kings 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of Hezekiah continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### God's power -God is in control of everything. God caused the Assyrian king to fail in conquering Jerusalem because he mocked God. +### God's power -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +God is in control of everything. God caused the Assyrian king to fail in conquering Jerusalem because he mocked God. -#### Idiom +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Idiom "The virgin daughter of Zion" here is an idiom meaning the people of Jerusalem. "The virgin daughter of Zion despises you and laughs you to scorn" means that "the people of Jerusalem know that Assyria will fail because they have mocked God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ God is in control of everything. God caused the Assyrian king to fail in conquer * __[2 Kings 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/20/01.md b/2ki/20/01.md index e74686e325..989a42ecdd 100644 --- a/2ki/20/01.md +++ b/2ki/20/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Set your house in order "House" is metonymy for what was under Hezekiah's control. Alternate translation: "Give final instructions to your household and government" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/02.md b/2ki/20/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/20/02.md +++ b/2ki/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/20/03.md b/2ki/20/03.md index 16a08c0661..58597de380 100644 --- a/2ki/20/03.md +++ b/2ki/20/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "lived my life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # good in your sight Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "in your judgment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/04.md b/2ki/20/04.md index 0714671128..b66b267dba 100644 --- a/2ki/20/04.md +++ b/2ki/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came "Word" represents the message Yahweh revealed to Isaiah. This is a common way of speaking, an idiom. Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke his word" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/05.md b/2ki/20/05.md index 175303d3a5..2169f2fa2f 100644 --- a/2ki/20/05.md +++ b/2ki/20/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The second part reinforces the first part to make one message by using paralleli # on the third day "two days from now" The day Isaiah said this was the first day, so "the third day" would be the same as "two days from now." - diff --git a/2ki/20/06.md b/2ki/20/06.md index f113e3731d..b000ad020b 100644 --- a/2ki/20/06.md +++ b/2ki/20/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The message from Yahweh to King Hezekiah through the prophet Isaiah continues. # from the hand of the king of Assyria "Hand" is metonymy for power, authority and control. Alternate translation: "from the control of the king of Assyria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/07.md b/2ki/20/07.md index e015b02f0d..f445f67470 100644 --- a/2ki/20/07.md +++ b/2ki/20/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They did so and put it on his boil "Hezekiah's servants did this and put the paste on Hezekiah's sore" - diff --git a/2ki/20/08.md b/2ki/20/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/20/08.md +++ b/2ki/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/20/09.md b/2ki/20/09.md index 04bbdde78e..368156b3b9 100644 --- a/2ki/20/09.md +++ b/2ki/20/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The source of "the shadow" can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Do you # ten steps This expression refers to the "stairway of Ahaz" in [2 Kings 20:11](../20/11.md). This was probably a special stairway built for King Ahaz in such a way that its steps marked the hours of daylight as the sun's rays advanced along them. In this way, the staircase served to tell the time during the day. - diff --git a/2ki/20/10.md b/2ki/20/10.md index b34f67e3d4..425b3bbf30 100644 --- a/2ki/20/10.md +++ b/2ki/20/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is an easy thing for the shadow to go forward ten steps Why "it is an easy thing" can be stated clearly. "It is easy to cause the shadow to move forward ten steps, because that is the normal thing for it to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/11.md b/2ki/20/11.md index 1beaf7f83b..3404ba8f92 100644 --- a/2ki/20/11.md +++ b/2ki/20/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the stairway of Ahaz This was probably a special stairway built for King Ahaz in such a way that its steps marked the hours of daylight as the sun's rays advanced along them. In this way, the staircase served to tell the time during the day. Alternate translation: "the steps that had been built for King Ahaz" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/12.md b/2ki/20/12.md index bfcc4b0163..81d8e9ef0a 100644 --- a/2ki/20/12.md +++ b/2ki/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Marduk-Baladan ... Baladan These are the names of the king of Babylon and his son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/13.md b/2ki/20/13.md index 28fb1736a9..d6769f2a47 100644 --- a/2ki/20/13.md +++ b/2ki/20/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # There was nothing in his house, nor in all his kingdom, that Hezekiah did not show them Here "There was nothing ... did not show them" is an exaggeration used for emphasis. It means Hezekiah showed them all of his most valuable things. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Hezekiah showed him absolutely everything valuable in his house and in all his kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/14.md b/2ki/20/14.md index 8bbfe385b9..04036518b9 100644 --- a/2ki/20/14.md +++ b/2ki/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these men This refers to the men sent to King Hezekiah with a message and gifts from Marduk-Baladan. - diff --git a/2ki/20/15.md b/2ki/20/15.md index 1ad76d54c6..47a15a18d3 100644 --- a/2ki/20/15.md +++ b/2ki/20/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hezekiah repeats the same idea in two ways to emphasize his point. (See: [[rc:// # There is nothing among my valuable things that I have not shown them "Nothing" and "not" cancel each other out to make the idea positive. This exaggeration is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: "I showed them absolutely every one of my valuable things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/16.md b/2ki/20/16.md index 5eb7f8b43c..1e8b9d9821 100644 --- a/2ki/20/16.md +++ b/2ki/20/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Why Isaiah spoke can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "So, because Isai # the word of Yahweh "the message of Yahweh" - diff --git a/2ki/20/17.md b/2ki/20/17.md index 7ea53e3f66..4088a0e44e 100644 --- a/2ki/20/17.md +++ b/2ki/20/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the days "Days" is synecdoche to refer to an undefined span of time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/18.md b/2ki/20/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/20/18.md +++ b/2ki/20/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/20/19.md b/2ki/20/19.md index 48bfa50889..22eb4f23bd 100644 --- a/2ki/20/19.md +++ b/2ki/20/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Will there not be peace and stability in my days? Hezekiah asks this question for emphasis knowing the answer already. Alternate translation: "I can be sure that there will be peace and stability in my days." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/20.md b/2ki/20/20.md index 831df7808e..67ec163a95 100644 --- a/2ki/20/20.md +++ b/2ki/20/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A tunnel for carrying the water # are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? This question is used to remind the reader that these things are recorded. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/20/21.md b/2ki/20/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/20/21.md +++ b/2ki/20/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/20/intro.md b/2ki/20/intro.md index 116ebbf18c..413bc5f75c 100644 --- a/2ki/20/intro.md +++ b/2ki/20/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # 2 Kings 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter finishes the story of Hezekiah. +This chapter finishes the story of Hezekiah. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Hezekiah's additional time -#### Hezekiah's additional time God hears the distressed call of his faithful believers. Hezekiah was dying but when he prayed, God gave him 15 more years of life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) + ## Links: * __[2 Kings 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/21/01.md b/2ki/21/01.md index 329f33949b..78ba26b85c 100644 --- a/2ki/21/01.md +++ b/2ki/21/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hephzibah The mother of King Manasseh (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/02.md b/2ki/21/02.md index 27cf7791f8..3429dd7ec0 100644 --- a/2ki/21/02.md +++ b/2ki/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you tran # like the disgusting things Another possible meaning is "including the disgusting things." - diff --git a/2ki/21/03.md b/2ki/21/03.md index cf01526af1..e4c0c73c99 100644 --- a/2ki/21/03.md +++ b/2ki/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he rebuilt the high places ... he built altars for Baal, made an Asherah pole Manasseh would have commanded his workers to do the building for him. Alternate translation: "he had the high places rebuilt ... he had altars built for Baal, had an Asherah pole made" or "he had his workers rebuild the high places ... he had them build altars for Baal, make an Asherah pole" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/04.md b/2ki/21/04.md index 1529a97e87..7d300a801b 100644 --- a/2ki/21/04.md +++ b/2ki/21/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The story of King Manasseh's reign continues. # It is in Jerusalem that my name will be forever The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/05.md b/2ki/21/05.md index afc931ad60..071ab94003 100644 --- a/2ki/21/05.md +++ b/2ki/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He built altars for all the host of heaven in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh It is implied that he built these altars so people could make sacrifices and worship the stars. Also, he would not have built these altars himself, rather he would have commanded his workers to do it. Alternate translation: "He had his workers build altars in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh so that the people could worship the stars and offer them sacrifices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/06.md b/2ki/21/06.md index e549877668..5ed4423cd8 100644 --- a/2ki/21/06.md +++ b/2ki/21/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit why he caused his son be put into the fire and wha # much evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "many things that were evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "many things that Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/07.md b/2ki/21/07.md index 4f1917c0c2..06390634cc 100644 --- a/2ki/21/07.md +++ b/2ki/21/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Manasseh probably did not do the work. His servants would have done the work. Al # that I will put my name forever Here Yahweh putting his "name" on the temple represents him designating it as the place to worship him. Alternate translation: "where I want people to worship me forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/08.md b/2ki/21/08.md index 016a3d5b0a..a21c1141fa 100644 --- a/2ki/21/08.md +++ b/2ki/21/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the feet of Israel The feet are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel" or "the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/09.md b/2ki/21/09.md index 91d5dab7e5..2aa565c187 100644 --- a/2ki/21/09.md +++ b/2ki/21/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # even more than the nations that Yahweh had destroyed before the people of Israel Here "nations" refers to the people who had lived in the land of Canaan before the Israelites had arrived. Alternate translation: "even more than the people whom Yahweh had destroyed as the people of Israel advanced through the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/10.md b/2ki/21/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/21/10.md +++ b/2ki/21/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/21/11.md b/2ki/21/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/21/11.md +++ b/2ki/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/21/12.md b/2ki/21/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/21/12.md +++ b/2ki/21/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/21/13.md b/2ki/21/13.md index b1db06aa93..dd975d1557 100644 --- a/2ki/21/13.md +++ b/2ki/21/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a tool made of a heavy weight and a thin rope used to show if a wall is straight # the house of Ahab Here "house" represents family. Alternate translation: "the family of Ahab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/14.md b/2ki/21/14.md index faad705ae4..836fa390d6 100644 --- a/2ki/21/14.md +++ b/2ki/21/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # give them into the hand of their enemies Here the "hand" of the enemies refers to their enemies' control. Alternate translation: "let their enemies defeat them and take over their land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/15.md b/2ki/21/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/21/15.md +++ b/2ki/21/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/21/16.md b/2ki/21/16.md index 4a9dbe41e0..2eb87f99c5 100644 --- a/2ki/21/16.md +++ b/2ki/21/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This hyperbole emphasizes the great number of people Manasseh had killed through # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/17.md b/2ki/21/17.md index f8c751981e..ecd8416649 100644 --- a/2ki/21/17.md +++ b/2ki/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written ... Judah? This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "they are written ... Judah." or "you can find them ... Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/18.md b/2ki/21/18.md index d5a0a5ef8f..ebeb151d89 100644 --- a/2ki/21/18.md +++ b/2ki/21/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the garden that had once belonged to a man named Uzza" # Amon This is a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/19.md b/2ki/21/19.md index 12c9628250..4eaa58dcb9 100644 --- a/2ki/21/19.md +++ b/2ki/21/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jotbah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/20.md b/2ki/21/20.md index f75d9dd93d..b854b46103 100644 --- a/2ki/21/20.md +++ b/2ki/21/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/21.md b/2ki/21/21.md index 7cb2779e39..017c3b3b69 100644 --- a/2ki/21/21.md +++ b/2ki/21/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # followed in all the way that his father had walked in "walked in all the ways that his father walked in." The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "lived completely the way his father had lived" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/22.md b/2ki/21/22.md index a6200cdff4..ddbbb81561 100644 --- a/2ki/21/22.md +++ b/2ki/21/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He abandoned Yahweh "He went away from Yahweh" or "He paid no more attention to Yahweh" - diff --git a/2ki/21/23.md b/2ki/21/23.md index 9fc57093e4..47c08e4b9c 100644 --- a/2ki/21/23.md +++ b/2ki/21/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # conspired against him "made plans and worked together to harm him" - diff --git a/2ki/21/24.md b/2ki/21/24.md index b1a1cc6f82..b3d099770a 100644 --- a/2ki/21/24.md +++ b/2ki/21/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a generalization. Alternate translation: "some of the people in Judah" ( # conspired against "made plans and worked together to harm." See how you translated this in [2 Kings 21:23](../21/23.md). - diff --git a/2ki/21/25.md b/2ki/21/25.md index a75c0aae45..dfc1f7c12f 100644 --- a/2ki/21/25.md +++ b/2ki/21/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written ... Judah? This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "they are written ... Judah." or "you can find them ... Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/26.md b/2ki/21/26.md index 4c880071f0..238ccecb9d 100644 --- a/2ki/21/26.md +++ b/2ki/21/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the garden of Uzza Possible meanings are 1) "the garden that had once belonged to a man named Uzza" or 2) "Uzza Garden." See how you translated this in [2 Kings 21:18](../21/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/21/intro.md b/2ki/21/intro.md index 6814698813..93c80ea4a6 100644 --- a/2ki/21/intro.md +++ b/2ki/21/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ # 2 Kings 21 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's judgment -#### God's judgment God judges sin. When Manasseh worshiped idols and did many evil things, God said he would cause Judah to be destroyed by its enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Simile +### Simile "I will wipe Jerusalem clean, as a man wipes a dish, wiping it and turning it upside down" means "God would completely destroy Jerusalem." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ God judges sin. When Manasseh worshiped idols and did many evil things, God said * __[2 Kings 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/22/01.md b/2ki/22/01.md index 6b0c9111f5..2c236d7531 100644 --- a/2ki/22/01.md +++ b/2ki/22/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Bozkath This is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/02.md b/2ki/22/02.md index 8453a27feb..1c7e2189b0 100644 --- a/2ki/22/02.md +++ b/2ki/22/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "eyes" represents Yahweh's thoughts or what he considered about something. # he did not turn away either to the right or to the left To fully obey Yahweh is spoken of as if a person were on the correct road and never turned from it. Alternate translation: "he did not do anything that would displease Yahweh" or "he fully obeyed all the laws of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/03.md b/2ki/22/03.md index 6085e31856..b14aadab88 100644 --- a/2ki/22/03.md +++ b/2ki/22/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If your language has a way to mark the beginning of a new part of the story, con # Shaphan ... Azaliah ... Meshullam These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/04.md b/2ki/22/04.md index 56d419277b..c2daa570e2 100644 --- a/2ki/22/04.md +++ b/2ki/22/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the temple guard # house of Yahweh This is another name for the "temple" (verse 3). - diff --git a/2ki/22/05.md b/2ki/22/05.md index efdd0806de..b54700da36 100644 --- a/2ki/22/05.md +++ b/2ki/22/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "house of Yahweh" and "temple" mean the same thing. # Let it be given into the hand of the workmen Here "hand" represents the workmen as a whole. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Tell Hilkiah to give the money to the workmen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/06.md b/2ki/22/06.md index 417f439f05..21797bee40 100644 --- a/2ki/22/06.md +++ b/2ki/22/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ workers who build with wood # masons workers who build with stone - diff --git a/2ki/22/07.md b/2ki/22/07.md index b45f2d9de5..6062bd327f 100644 --- a/2ki/22/07.md +++ b/2ki/22/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the workmen who were # because they handled it faithfully "because they used the money honestly" - diff --git a/2ki/22/08.md b/2ki/22/08.md index 094bc924d1..95a22eb114 100644 --- a/2ki/22/08.md +++ b/2ki/22/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 18:18](../18/ # the book of the law Most likely these laws were written on a scroll. A scroll was a type of book made of one long, rolled-up sheet of papyrus or leather. - diff --git a/2ki/22/09.md b/2ki/22/09.md index cf5e927b72..918b968b33 100644 --- a/2ki/22/09.md +++ b/2ki/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # given it into the hand of the workmen Here "hand" represents the workmen as a whole. Alternate translation: "given it to the workmen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/10.md b/2ki/22/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/22/10.md +++ b/2ki/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/22/11.md b/2ki/22/11.md index a4bed29cba..5a0e6a14bf 100644 --- a/2ki/22/11.md +++ b/2ki/22/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "words" represents the message of the law. Alternate translation: "had hear # he tore his clothes This is a symbolic action that indicates intense grief or sadness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/12.md b/2ki/22/12.md index 9eea67e959..207adb9dff 100644 --- a/2ki/22/12.md +++ b/2ki/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahikam ... Shaphan ... Akbor ... Micaiah ... Asaiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/13.md b/2ki/22/13.md index 4c4e46b7a4..233f1a8640 100644 --- a/2ki/22/13.md +++ b/2ki/22/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh's anger is spoken of as if it were a fire that was lit. Alternate transla # all that was written concerning us This refers to the law that was given to Israel. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all that Moses wrote in the law that we should do" or "all the laws that God gave through Moses to the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/14.md b/2ki/22/14.md index fcb431e7ca..54342a00ba 100644 --- a/2ki/22/14.md +++ b/2ki/22/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the person who took care of the clothing that priests w # she lived in Jerusalem in the second quarter Here "second quarter" refers to the new part of the city that was built on the north side of Jerusalem. Also, "second" is the ordinal form of 2. Alternate translation: "she lived in Jerusalem in the new part of the city" or "she lived in the new part of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/15.md b/2ki/22/15.md index 6159839cf5..5c01728b7e 100644 --- a/2ki/22/15.md +++ b/2ki/22/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the man who sent you to me Here "the man" refers to King Josiah. - diff --git a/2ki/22/16.md b/2ki/22/16.md index 4a903383ea..9989c6a1cd 100644 --- a/2ki/22/16.md +++ b/2ki/22/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh causing terrible things to happen is spoken of as if disaster were an obj # to this place "to Jerusalem." This refers to the city of Jerusalem which represents the whole land of Judah. Alternate translation: "to Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/17.md b/2ki/22/17.md index 5c9b548475..2b3a7fc885 100644 --- a/2ki/22/17.md +++ b/2ki/22/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh's anger is spoken of as if it were a fire that was lit. Alternate transla # this place Here "place" represents the people who live in Jerusalem and Judah. Alternate translation: "these people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/18.md b/2ki/22/18.md index 5e33d517da..df07c47d6c 100644 --- a/2ki/22/18.md +++ b/2ki/22/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # About the words that you heard Here "words" represents the message that Huldah just spoke. Alternate translation: "About the message that you heard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/19.md b/2ki/22/19.md index 57c91c8938..3971b92c34 100644 --- a/2ki/22/19.md +++ b/2ki/22/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a symbolic action that indicates intense grief or sadness. (See: [[rc:// # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 19:33](../19/33.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/20.md b/2ki/22/20.md index 901ec375d0..8f9d9ce359 100644 --- a/2ki/22/20.md +++ b/2ki/22/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "eyes" represents the whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdo # the disaster that I will bring upon this place Yahweh causing terrible things to happen is spoken of as if disaster were an object that Yahweh would bring to a place. Alternate translation: "the terrible things I will cause to happen in this place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/22/intro.md b/2ki/22/intro.md index e1a5197736..4e0b2f4672 100644 --- a/2ki/22/intro.md +++ b/2ki/22/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The next two chapters (2 Kings 22-23) tell about the spiritual revival under King Josiah. A revival occurs when the people begin to worship Yahweh properly again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The law -#### The law The priests found a copy of the law in the temple and took it to the king. He was upset because the people had disobeyed the law so badly. Josiah asked God about it. God said that he would destroy Judah for these sins but not in Josiah's lifetime, since he humbled himself and wanted to do better. Many scholars believe this was a copy of the book of Deuteronomy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The priests found a copy of the law in the temple and took it to the king. He wa * __[2 Kings 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/23/01.md b/2ki/23/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/23/01.md +++ b/2ki/23/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/23/02.md b/2ki/23/02.md index b0ab1ea5a4..3912c11d4f 100644 --- a/2ki/23/02.md +++ b/2ki/23/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This merism includes everyone in between. Alternate translation: "from the least # that had been found In [2 Kings 22:8](../22/08.md) it states that Hilkiah found the book. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Hilkiah had found" or "that they had found" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/03.md b/2ki/23/03.md index 1cb1c0e218..b3c1843cd8 100644 --- a/2ki/23/03.md +++ b/2ki/23/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that this book co # stand by the covenant This idiom means to "obey the terms of the covenant." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/04.md b/2ki/23/04.md index f9932e626f..df328d9ee5 100644 --- a/2ki/23/04.md +++ b/2ki/23/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these # Kidron Valley ... Bethel names of places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/05.md b/2ki/23/05.md index ddd62988f7..d5718691f0 100644 --- a/2ki/23/05.md +++ b/2ki/23/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "He" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these # to Baal, to the sun and the moon, to the planets, and to all the host of heaven "as a way to worship Baal, the sun and the moon, the planets, and all the stars" - diff --git a/2ki/23/06.md b/2ki/23/06.md index 1482dfef9d..a4e4bf51d5 100644 --- a/2ki/23/06.md +++ b/2ki/23/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues to tell what King Josiah did in response to the message from Yahw # He brought out ... and burned it ... He crushed it ... and threw The word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: "He had them bring out ... and burn it ... He had them crush it ... and throw" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/07.md b/2ki/23/07.md index 74c7c2c977..9c700e8e19 100644 --- a/2ki/23/07.md +++ b/2ki/23/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that the houses were in the courtyard around the b # wove garments "made clothes" - diff --git a/2ki/23/08.md b/2ki/23/08.md index b351dfdf1b..971806ec0c 100644 --- a/2ki/23/08.md +++ b/2ki/23/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ names of places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Joshua (the city governor) "the city ruler named Joshua" or "the city leader named Joshua." This is a different Joshua from the Joshua in the Old Testament Book of Joshua. - diff --git a/2ki/23/09.md b/2ki/23/09.md index ee038fcd04..e49f9a234f 100644 --- a/2ki/23/09.md +++ b/2ki/23/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their brothers Here "brothers" refers to their fellow priests who served at the temple. - diff --git a/2ki/23/10.md b/2ki/23/10.md index 4e3e381f9a..5b7280df7a 100644 --- a/2ki/23/10.md +++ b/2ki/23/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ place names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # cause his son or his daughter to pass through the fire as a sacrifice to Molech "put his son or his daughter in the fire and burn them as an offering to Molech" - diff --git a/2ki/23/11.md b/2ki/23/11.md index 7485fd224b..d326ed614f 100644 --- a/2ki/23/11.md +++ b/2ki/23/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "given" represents being dedicated for worship. Alternate translation: "had # Nathan-Melek a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/12.md b/2ki/23/12.md index 6d250309e9..2d2243a549 100644 --- a/2ki/23/12.md +++ b/2ki/23/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Manasseh and the kings of Judah probably commanded their workers to make these t # Kidron Valley place name. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/13.md b/2ki/23/13.md index 585ea63c31..88eca3ffd1 100644 --- a/2ki/23/13.md +++ b/2ki/23/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hi # Solomon the king of Israel had built Solomon would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate translation: "Solomon the king of Israel had had his workers build" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/14.md b/2ki/23/14.md index ba26be427c..29cf67b086 100644 --- a/2ki/23/14.md +++ b/2ki/23/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hi # filled those places with the bones of human beings "covered the ground with human bones so people could not use it as a shrine anymore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/15.md b/2ki/23/15.md index 191bd38031..94bb0d766a 100644 --- a/2ki/23/15.md +++ b/2ki/23/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Josiah also completely destroyed ... He also burned ... and crushed ... He also burned It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and "the priests under him" ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/16.md b/2ki/23/16.md index b2d3a75c72..36629c93bc 100644 --- a/2ki/23/16.md +++ b/2ki/23/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spoke of these things beforehand "had said that these things would happen" - diff --git a/2ki/23/17.md b/2ki/23/17.md index 1657c9043d..e22358e87c 100644 --- a/2ki/23/17.md +++ b/2ki/23/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # monument marker or statue that honors a person. A tomb is one kind of monument. - diff --git a/2ki/23/18.md b/2ki/23/18.md index 3876e1cb80..46cdd1ff95 100644 --- a/2ki/23/18.md +++ b/2ki/23/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So they let his bones alone, along with the bones of "So they did not touch his bones or the bones of" - diff --git a/2ki/23/19.md b/2ki/23/19.md index 2232ec0f44..57f1e0d7f3 100644 --- a/2ki/23/19.md +++ b/2ki/23/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, # what had been done "what he had done" - diff --git a/2ki/23/20.md b/2ki/23/20.md index e2e4dafc7d..a3cd39d9b8 100644 --- a/2ki/23/20.md +++ b/2ki/23/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, # he burned human bones on them You may need to make explicit why he burned the bones. "he burned human bones on them so no one would use them again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/21.md b/2ki/23/21.md index f44eb5d587..c1fee12721 100644 --- a/2ki/23/21.md +++ b/2ki/23/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Keep the Passover "You must celebrate the Passover" - diff --git a/2ki/23/22.md b/2ki/23/22.md index c3f02425f8..0e514dc6da 100644 --- a/2ki/23/22.md +++ b/2ki/23/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The name "Israel" is a metonym for "the descendants of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ # the days of the kings of Israel or Judah "the time when the people of Israel had their own king and the people of Judah had their own king" - diff --git a/2ki/23/23.md b/2ki/23/23.md index aacfc21075..7cfe1dbedb 100644 --- a/2ki/23/23.md +++ b/2ki/23/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this Passover of Yahweh was celebrated This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people of Judah celebrated this Passover of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/24.md b/2ki/23/24.md index 6a2a74602b..db87e34702 100644 --- a/2ki/23/24.md +++ b/2ki/23/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 21:6](../21/06.md). # fetishes things that people wrongly believe have special power - diff --git a/2ki/23/25.md b/2ki/23/25.md index a645064dca..e022270b2c 100644 --- a/2ki/23/25.md +++ b/2ki/23/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Nor did any king like Josiah arise after him "And since then there has never been a king who was like Josiah" - diff --git a/2ki/23/26.md b/2ki/23/26.md index dc1ee502ae..c69cf4b6d6 100644 --- a/2ki/23/26.md +++ b/2ki/23/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Fire is a metaphor for anger, and starting a fire is a metaphor for becoming ang # had done to provoke him "had done to cause him to be angry" - diff --git a/2ki/23/27.md b/2ki/23/27.md index 527177f0b2..d1da989ad3 100644 --- a/2ki/23/27.md +++ b/2ki/23/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # My name will be there The name is a metonym for the honor that people should give to the person. Alternate translation: "People should worship me there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/28.md b/2ki/23/28.md index 8e59dbc6c6..af9226e893 100644 --- a/2ki/23/28.md +++ b/2ki/23/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written ... Judah? This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "you can find them ... Judah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/29.md b/2ki/23/29.md index b46d87cffa..e81ec773cc 100644 --- a/2ki/23/29.md +++ b/2ki/23/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Necho ... Megiddo Necho is the name of a man. Megiddo is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/30.md b/2ki/23/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/23/30.md +++ b/2ki/23/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/23/31.md b/2ki/23/31.md index 1529733d81..a9a9bab890 100644 --- a/2ki/23/31.md +++ b/2ki/23/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Libnah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/32.md b/2ki/23/32.md index f75d9dd93d..b854b46103 100644 --- a/2ki/23/32.md +++ b/2ki/23/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/33.md b/2ki/23/33.md index 1d4178a6b4..ec00371154 100644 --- a/2ki/23/33.md +++ b/2ki/23/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Being put "in chains" represents being captured and imprisoned. Alternate transl # one hundred talents ... one talent A talent was about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: "3,300 kilograms ... 33 kilograms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/34.md b/2ki/23/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/23/34.md +++ b/2ki/23/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/23/35.md b/2ki/23/35.md index 380110954a..5d21ed20f6 100644 --- a/2ki/23/35.md +++ b/2ki/23/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # people of the land "people of the land of Judah." Possible meanings are 1) "the people who lived in the land of Judah" or 2) "the richest and most powerful of those who lived in Judah." - diff --git a/2ki/23/36.md b/2ki/23/36.md index 89be3450ef..72762d50be 100644 --- a/2ki/23/36.md +++ b/2ki/23/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Rumah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/37.md b/2ki/23/37.md index 8992b71aaf..a16f09eee1 100644 --- a/2ki/23/37.md +++ b/2ki/23/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # did what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/23/intro.md b/2ki/23/intro.md index 680ff62cc0..3a84ecca3c 100644 --- a/2ki/23/intro.md +++ b/2ki/23/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of Josiah ends in this chapter. +The story of Josiah ends in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Ending idolatry -#### Ending idolatry Josiah destroyed idolatry in Judah and in the deserted areas of Israel. But he fought against Egypt and was killed in battle. After his death, Egypt set up a government of Judah that it controlled. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Josiah destroyed idolatry in Judah and in the deserted areas of Israel. But he f * __[2 Kings 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/24/01.md b/2ki/24/01.md index e6c214e235..04f089a571 100644 --- a/2ki/24/01.md +++ b/2ki/24/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # attacked Judah You may need to make explicit what happened after Nebuchadnezzar attacked Judah. Alternate translation: "attacked and defeated Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/02.md b/2ki/24/02.md index 08742862fe..3dad6cb9f0 100644 --- a/2ki/24/02.md +++ b/2ki/24/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was in conformity with the word of Yahweh that had been spoken through his servants the prophets This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "This was according to the word of Yahweh that his servants the prophets had spoken" or "This was exactly what Yahweh had told his servants the prophets to say would happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/03.md b/2ki/24/03.md index 72fca931c5..06a578a7e7 100644 --- a/2ki/24/03.md +++ b/2ki/24/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "mouth" represents Yahweh's command. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh had # remove them out of his sight "get rid of them" or "destroy them" - diff --git a/2ki/24/04.md b/2ki/24/04.md index 588581d391..f68ebfcee2 100644 --- a/2ki/24/04.md +++ b/2ki/24/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Blood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killin # he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood Blood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. Alternate translation: "he killed many innocent people in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/05.md b/2ki/24/05.md index 6923a10918..ef865b651c 100644 --- a/2ki/24/05.md +++ b/2ki/24/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are they not written ... Judah? This is written as a rhetorical question because at the time this was written people were already aware of this information. This can be written as a statement. It can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: "they are indeed written ... Judah." or "you can find them ... Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/06.md b/2ki/24/06.md index a009546f79..1cb1e51015 100644 --- a/2ki/24/06.md +++ b/2ki/24/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lay down with his ancestors This is a polite way of saying that he died. Alternate translation: "died and was buried along with his ancestors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/07.md b/2ki/24/07.md index e13cafe123..f1be81d234 100644 --- a/2ki/24/07.md +++ b/2ki/24/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The king of Egypt did not attack any more out of his land "The king of Egypt did not come out of his land any more to attack other people groups" - diff --git a/2ki/24/08.md b/2ki/24/08.md index 8431b1dd1f..8a20418544 100644 --- a/2ki/24/08.md +++ b/2ki/24/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nehushta ... Elnathan Nehushta is the name of a woman. Elnathan is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/09.md b/2ki/24/09.md index 9286e7fa35..7bdfe74957 100644 --- a/2ki/24/09.md +++ b/2ki/24/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you tran # he did all that his father had done Here "all" is a generalization. It means he did the same sinful things as his father. Alternate translation: "he committed the same kinds of sins his father had committed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/10.md b/2ki/24/10.md index 9ff5b2f2b7..e3dd92a170 100644 --- a/2ki/24/10.md +++ b/2ki/24/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the servants "the army." These men served Nebuchadnezzar as soldiers. - diff --git a/2ki/24/11.md b/2ki/24/11.md index 4da17b219d..3f8e6b8157 100644 --- a/2ki/24/11.md +++ b/2ki/24/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his servants "his army." These men served Nebuchadnezzar as soldiers. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 24:11](../24/11.md). - diff --git a/2ki/24/12.md b/2ki/24/12.md index da30fbbaec..b453014224 100644 --- a/2ki/24/12.md +++ b/2ki/24/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make explicit why Jehoiachin went out to meet Nebuchadnezzar. Al # The king of Babylon captured him in the eighth year of his own reign "After the king of Babylon had been king for more than seven years, he captured Jehoiachin" - diff --git a/2ki/24/13.md b/2ki/24/13.md index de8343b3c3..14d9dfc92b 100644 --- a/2ki/24/13.md +++ b/2ki/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Solomon king of Israel had made You might want to translate this so the reader understands that Solomon might have had others help him do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/14.md b/2ki/24/14.md index c9cea29a69..bdbd9f066a 100644 --- a/2ki/24/14.md +++ b/2ki/24/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the people who lived there. And, "all" is a ge # was left "still lived there" - diff --git a/2ki/24/15.md b/2ki/24/15.md index 529d5ee8e3..4bd4ff2625 100644 --- a/2ki/24/15.md +++ b/2ki/24/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nobles This probably refers to men who were wealthy or were leaders because people thought they were wise. - diff --git a/2ki/24/16.md b/2ki/24/16.md index 076af0cbf6..cb1fdf947d 100644 --- a/2ki/24/16.md +++ b/2ki/24/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven thousand ... one thousand "7,000 ... 1,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/17.md b/2ki/24/17.md index aedfef9758..b968a88300 100644 --- a/2ki/24/17.md +++ b/2ki/24/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mattaniah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/18.md b/2ki/24/18.md index 9abc4bee7d..b1d52049cb 100644 --- a/2ki/24/18.md +++ b/2ki/24/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Libnah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/19.md b/2ki/24/19.md index f75d9dd93d..b854b46103 100644 --- a/2ki/24/19.md +++ b/2ki/24/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ki/24/20.md b/2ki/24/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/24/20.md +++ b/2ki/24/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/24/intro.md b/2ki/24/intro.md index 0f9bf27967..309f8d44e9 100644 --- a/2ki/24/intro.md +++ b/2ki/24/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting These last two chapters are the final defeat of Judah and the beginning of their exile to Babylon. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### God's punishment +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's punishment + God punished Judah because of their sin. The Babylonians conquer Jerusalem and carry away all the craftsmen, soldiers and wealthy. They make Zedekiah the king. He was not truly a king because he lacked absolute authority. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ God punished Judah because of their sin. The Babylonians conquer Jerusalem and c * __[2 Kings 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ki/25/01.md b/2ki/25/01.md index cb2cc0f613..11638587b6 100644 --- a/2ki/25/01.md +++ b/2ki/25/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of # came with all his army against Jerusalem The name "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the people who lived in it. Alternate translation: "came with his whole army to fight against the people of Jerusalem" or "came with his whole army to conquer Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/02.md b/2ki/25/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/25/02.md +++ b/2ki/25/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/25/03.md b/2ki/25/03.md index f611966823..07836bbdae 100644 --- a/2ki/25/03.md +++ b/2ki/25/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the fourth month of the Hebrew calendar. The ninth day is near the end o # the people of the land These are the inhabitants of Jerusalem, including refugees from the surrounding villages that fled to Jerusalem when the war started. - diff --git a/2ki/25/04.md b/2ki/25/04.md index 99c63ea438..525a3e679a 100644 --- a/2ki/25/04.md +++ b/2ki/25/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some translations use "Chaldeans" and others use "Babylonians." Both terms refer # The king went in the direction of "King Zedekiah also fled and he went toward" - diff --git a/2ki/25/05.md b/2ki/25/05.md index b075578d7f..26de134ee9 100644 --- a/2ki/25/05.md +++ b/2ki/25/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All his army was scattered away from him This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "His whole army ran away from him" or "The Chaldeans chased away his whole army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/06.md b/2ki/25/06.md index ac62254b1e..c5a77af426 100644 --- a/2ki/25/06.md +++ b/2ki/25/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # passed sentence on him "decided what they would do to punish him" - diff --git a/2ki/25/07.md b/2ki/25/07.md index 796c60d61c..9639bda04b 100644 --- a/2ki/25/07.md +++ b/2ki/25/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eyes are synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "they force # he put out his eyes "Nebuchadnezzar put out Zedekiah's eyes." It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people might have helped Nebuchadnezzar do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/08.md b/2ki/25/08.md index a1fd06d895..9f7f4d8da1 100644 --- a/2ki/25/08.md +++ b/2ki/25/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the ordinal form of the number 19. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate- # Nebuzaradan This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/09.md b/2ki/25/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/25/09.md +++ b/2ki/25/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/25/10.md b/2ki/25/10.md index 5875e40d32..d0334c9286 100644 --- a/2ki/25/10.md +++ b/2ki/25/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who were under "who were following the orders of" - diff --git a/2ki/25/11.md b/2ki/25/11.md index 4aa2285756..27565f51f3 100644 --- a/2ki/25/11.md +++ b/2ki/25/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # deserted to the king "left the city and gone to be with the king" - diff --git a/2ki/25/12.md b/2ki/25/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/25/12.md +++ b/2ki/25/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/25/13.md b/2ki/25/13.md index 82fdd2811c..369a800074 100644 --- a/2ki/25/13.md +++ b/2ki/25/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the large, moveable bronze stands with bronze wheels and axles. " # broke them into pieces "cut them into pieces" or "chopped them up into small pieces" - diff --git a/2ki/25/14.md b/2ki/25/14.md index 905fb5a984..dde5f778fd 100644 --- a/2ki/25/14.md +++ b/2ki/25/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A shovel was a tool that was used to clean the altar, typically used to move big # with which the priests had served in the temple "which the priests had used in the temple service" - diff --git a/2ki/25/15.md b/2ki/25/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/25/15.md +++ b/2ki/25/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/25/16.md b/2ki/25/16.md index 0f9b8ce046..63b89b86ee 100644 --- a/2ki/25/16.md +++ b/2ki/25/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the stands See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:13](../25/13.md). - diff --git a/2ki/25/17.md b/2ki/25/17.md index e394781c01..f5c2de5eb4 100644 --- a/2ki/25/17.md +++ b/2ki/25/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a design made of crossed strips that looked like a net. # all made of bronze "completely made of bronze" - diff --git a/2ki/25/18.md b/2ki/25/18.md index e7cdc60afe..69b6d2d6df 100644 --- a/2ki/25/18.md +++ b/2ki/25/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These words refer to Zephaniah. Another possible meaning is "the priest under Se # gatekeepers See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:10](../07/10.md). - diff --git a/2ki/25/19.md b/2ki/25/19.md index eb56924f04..0cba6a71f9 100644 --- a/2ki/25/19.md +++ b/2ki/25/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Other translations may read "a eunuch who was in charge of soldiers." A eunuch i # officer responsible for drafting men into the army Possible meanings are 1) the officer forced men to become soldiers or 2) the officer wrote down the names of the men who became soldiers. - diff --git a/2ki/25/20.md b/2ki/25/20.md index 4357cb18a2..aeeaf96775 100644 --- a/2ki/25/20.md +++ b/2ki/25/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:8](../25/0 # Riblah This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:6](../25/06.md). - diff --git a/2ki/25/21.md b/2ki/25/21.md index 673d564007..50388330e4 100644 --- a/2ki/25/21.md +++ b/2ki/25/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying "killed them." It might be best to translate so t # Judah went out of its land Judah, the name of the people group, is a metonym for the people themselves. Alternate translation: "the people of Judah went out of their land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/22.md b/2ki/25/22.md index da49375ea5..dc26a75748 100644 --- a/2ki/25/22.md +++ b/2ki/25/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gedaliah ... Ahikam ... Shaphan These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/23.md b/2ki/25/23.md index 5613f0c24e..c23e4d3d24 100644 --- a/2ki/25/23.md +++ b/2ki/25/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a person who is a descendant of a man named Netophah. (See: [[rc: # Maakathite This refers to a person who comes from a place called Maakah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/24.md b/2ki/25/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ki/25/24.md +++ b/2ki/25/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ki/25/25.md b/2ki/25/25.md index 8cf4700bdf..31240b3e0a 100644 --- a/2ki/25/25.md +++ b/2ki/25/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the seventh month on the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of # Elishama This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/26.md b/2ki/25/26.md index 2827f224a2..4425ec4647 100644 --- a/2ki/25/26.md +++ b/2ki/25/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a generalization. Alternate translation: "many people" (See: [[rc://en/t # from the least to the greatest This is a merism that means "everyone," which is a generalization. Alternate translation: "from the least important to the most important" or "everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/27.md b/2ki/25/27.md index d3a03979b8..b934f4f3fe 100644 --- a/2ki/25/27.md +++ b/2ki/25/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the twelfth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-seventh day is near # Awel-Marduk This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/28.md b/2ki/25/28.md index fa053c99ad..00fcf77b33 100644 --- a/2ki/25/28.md +++ b/2ki/25/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a seat more honorable than that of the other kings Giving a good place at the dining table is a metonym for honoring him. Alternate translation: "more honor than the other kings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ki/25/29.md b/2ki/25/29.md index e87fd82d86..4648f35259 100644 --- a/2ki/25/29.md +++ b/2ki/25/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The act of removing Jehoiachins' prison clothes represents making him a free man # at the king's table "with the king and his officials" - diff --git a/2ki/25/30.md b/2ki/25/30.md index db167f262e..c394a88e8c 100644 --- a/2ki/25/30.md +++ b/2ki/25/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The king made sur # A regular food allowance "Money to buy food" - diff --git a/2ki/25/intro.md b/2ki/25/intro.md index 73e405b703..a091afa694 100644 --- a/2ki/25/intro.md +++ b/2ki/25/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Kings 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is the final defeat of Judah and the beginning of their exile to Babylon. +This chapter is the final defeat of Judah and the beginning of their exile to Babylon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Zedekiah's revolt -#### Zedekiah's revolt Zedekiah revolted against the Babylonians, so they came and completely destroyed Jerusalem. They tore down the city walls and took the rest of the people to Babylon as slaves, except the very poorest people remained. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Zedekiah revolted against the Babylonians, so they came and completely destroyed * __[2 Kings 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/2ki/front/intro.md b/2ki/front/intro.md index 6d6a348dc7..74f514dd59 100644 --- a/2ki/front/intro.md +++ b/2ki/front/intro.md @@ -5,26 +5,28 @@ ### Outline of 2 Kings 1. The prophets Elijah and Elisha (1:1-8:15) - - Elijah brings Yahweh's judgment onto King Ahaziah (1:1–18) - - Elijah goes to heaven and Elisha replaces him (2:1–25) - - Elisha defends the northern kingdom against Moab (3:1–27) - - Elisha performs various miracles (4:1–44) - - Elisha heals Naaman the Syrian (5:1–27) - - Elisha acts in time of war against Syria (6:1–7:20) - - Elisha's reputation and prophecy about Hazael (8:1–15) + + - Elijah brings Yahweh's judgment onto King Ahaziah (1:1–18) + - Elijah goes to heaven and Elisha replaces him (2:1–25) + - Elisha defends the northern kingdom against Moab (3:1–27) + - Elisha performs various miracles (4:1–44) + - Elisha heals Naaman the Syrian (5:1–27) + - Elisha acts in time of war against Syria (6:1–7:20) + - Elisha's reputation and prophecy about Hazael (8:1–15) + 1. The history of Judah and Israel from Kings Jehoram and Joram to the fall of Israel (8:16–17:41) 1. The history of Judah from King Hezekiah to the fall of Judah (18:1–25:30) - + ### What are the Books of 1 and 2 Kings about? These books are about what happened to the people of Israel, from the time of King Solomon to the time both the northern and southern kingdoms were destroyed. These books describe how Israel split into two kingdoms after Solomon died. It also tells about all the kings that ruled over each kingdom after Solomon died. In the southern kingdom, some kings did what Yahweh judged to be right. For example, King Josiah repaired the temple and reformed the worship of Yahweh. He responded to the high priest finding a copy of the Law of Yahweh in Jerusalem ([2 Kings 22–23](../../2ki/22/01.md)). However, all of the kings of the northern kingdom were wicked. -The Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C. +The Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C. ### How should the title of this book be translated? - + The Books of 1 and 2 Kings were originally one book in Hebrew. They were separated into two books when translated into Greek. Translators might choose more meaningful titles such as "The First Book about the Kings" and "The Second Book about the Kings." ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts @@ -54,4 +56,3 @@ This phrase was used by the narrator to refer to the time when he was writing. T ### Can I translate 2 Kings before 1 Kings? The Book of 1 Kings should be translated before 2 Kings, since 2 Kings continues from where 1 Kings ends. - diff --git a/2pe/01/01.md b/2pe/01/01.md index 2d48d4d885..36fbfc0532 100644 --- a/2pe/01/01.md +++ b/2pe/01/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ That these people have received faith implies that God has given that faith to t # we have received Here the word "we" refers to Peter and the other apostles, but not to those to whom he is writing. Alternate translation: "we apostles have received" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/02.md b/2pe/01/02.md index 91c1608273..541e8cebd8 100644 --- a/2pe/01/02.md +++ b/2pe/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter speaks of peace as if it were an object that could increase in size or num # in the knowledge of God and of Jesus our Lord You can translate "knowledge" using a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "through your knowing God and Jesus our Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/03.md b/2pe/01/03.md index a197fb2039..fcf380adec 100644 --- a/2pe/01/03.md +++ b/2pe/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "us" refers to Peter and his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # through his own glory and excellence Possible meanings are 1) "by showing us his own glory and greatness" or 2) "to share his own glory and excellence." - diff --git a/2pe/01/04.md b/2pe/01/04.md index 2134fe0c81..5045deabfa 100644 --- a/2pe/01/04.md +++ b/2pe/01/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ what God is like # having escaped the corruption in the world that is caused by evil desires Peter speaks of people not suffering from the corruption that wicked desires cause as if they were escaping from that corruption. The word "corruption" is an abstract noun that can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "and so that the wicked desires in this world will no longer corrupt you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/05.md b/2pe/01/05.md index 0cb763b42b..993b5b811f 100644 --- a/2pe/01/05.md +++ b/2pe/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For this reason This refers to what Peter has just said in the previous verses. Alternate translation: "Because of what God has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/06.md b/2pe/01/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2pe/01/06.md +++ b/2pe/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2pe/01/07.md b/2pe/01/07.md index e68dc884f2..6d53929140 100644 --- a/2pe/01/07.md +++ b/2pe/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brotherly love This refers to love for a friend or family member and likely means love for one's spiritual family. - diff --git a/2pe/01/08.md b/2pe/01/08.md index 937ad857d3..583a8daa26 100644 --- a/2pe/01/08.md +++ b/2pe/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A "barren" animal is one that cannot bear offspring, and an "unfruitful" plant i # in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ You can translate "knowledge" using a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "through your knowing God and Jesus our Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/09.md b/2pe/01/09.md index 958644e368..ecdc656657 100644 --- a/2pe/01/09.md +++ b/2pe/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter speaks of a person who does not possess these qualities as if he were a ne # he has been cleansed from his past sins You can use a verb to translate this. Alternate translation: "that God has cleansed him from his old sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/10.md b/2pe/01/10.md index 1fd4692155..b0184dc6de 100644 --- a/2pe/01/10.md +++ b/2pe/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "calling" and "election" share similar meanings and refer to God's cho # you will not stumble Here the word "stumble" refers either to 1) committing sin. Alternate translation: "you will not practice sinful behavior" or 2) becoming unfaithful to Christ. Alternate translation: "you will not become unfaithful to Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/11.md b/2pe/01/11.md index b9c35604ad..06da4a8076 100644 --- a/2pe/01/11.md +++ b/2pe/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will richly provi # an entrance the opportunity to enter - diff --git a/2pe/01/12.md b/2pe/01/12.md index 9a38808ae0..2499088a99 100644 --- a/2pe/01/12.md +++ b/2pe/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter tells the believers about his obligation to continue reminding them and te # you are strong in the truth "you strongly believe the truth of these things" - diff --git a/2pe/01/13.md b/2pe/01/13.md index 9cdc327bbc..dc8b58ee0c 100644 --- a/2pe/01/13.md +++ b/2pe/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "stir" means to awaken someone from sleep. Peter speaks of causing # as long as I am in this tent Peter speaks of his body as if it were a tent that he is wearing and will take off. Being in his body represents being alive, and taking it off represents dying. Alternate translation: "as long as I am in this body" or "as long as I am alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/14.md b/2pe/01/14.md index e72374a8f1..287c7be557 100644 --- a/2pe/01/14.md +++ b/2pe/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the putting off of my tent will be soon Peter speaks of his body as if it were a tent that he is wearing and will take off. Being in his body represents being alive, and taking it off represents dying. Alternate translation: "I will soon take off this body" or "I will die soon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/15.md b/2pe/01/15.md index f48f4a2da7..3d71334c2a 100644 --- a/2pe/01/15.md +++ b/2pe/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "these things" refers to everything that Peter has said in the pr # after my departure Peter speaks of his death as if he were leaving one place to go to another. Alternate translation: "after my death" or "after I die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/16.md b/2pe/01/16.md index 5422fa25fd..2836d9dd3b 100644 --- a/2pe/01/16.md +++ b/2pe/01/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the future second coming of the Lord Jesus or 2) the fi # our Lord Jesus Christ Here the word "our" refers to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/17.md b/2pe/01/17.md index 20258a5310..91d356c820 100644 --- a/2pe/01/17.md +++ b/2pe/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when he heard a voice # the Majestic Glory, saying Peter refers to God in terms of his glory. This is a euphemism that avoids using God's name, out of reverence for him. Alternate translation: "God, the Supreme Glory, saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/18.md b/2pe/01/18.md index 2bd6052afd..50df9604cf 100644 --- a/2pe/01/18.md +++ b/2pe/01/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ With the word "We," Peter is referring to himself and to the disciples James and # we were with him "we were with Jesus" - diff --git a/2pe/01/19.md b/2pe/01/19.md index 5626e813e6..8815863ab0 100644 --- a/2pe/01/19.md +++ b/2pe/01/19.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Peter speaks of Christ as the "morning star," which indicates that daybreak and # the morning star The "morning star" refers to the planet Venus, which sometimes rises just before the sun and indicates that daybreak is near. - diff --git a/2pe/01/20.md b/2pe/01/20.md index 49b0e4a5f9..b175cf6822 100644 --- a/2pe/01/20.md +++ b/2pe/01/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # no prophecy of scripture comes from someone's own interpretation Possible meanings are 1) the prophets did not make their prophecies on their own or 2) people must rely on the Holy Spirit to understand the prophecies or 3) people must interpret the prophecies with the help of the entire Christian community of believers. - diff --git a/2pe/01/21.md b/2pe/01/21.md index b4d6c62381..368317d524 100644 --- a/2pe/01/21.md +++ b/2pe/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # men spoke from God when they were carried along by the Holy Spirit Peter speaks of the Holy Spirit helping the prophets to write what God wanted them to write as if the Holy Spirit were carrying them from one place to another. Alternate translation: "men spoke from God as the Holy Spirit directed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2pe/01/intro.md b/2pe/01/intro.md index 8ebd41c58c..b817f8beab 100644 --- a/2pe/01/intro.md +++ b/2pe/01/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # 2 Peter 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Peter formally introduces this letter in verses 1-2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Knowledge of God -#### Knowledge of God To have knowledge of God means to belong to him or to have a relationship with him. Here, "knowledge" is more than just mentally knowing about God. It is a knowledge that causes God to save a person and to give him grace and peace. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/know]]) -#### Living godly lives +### Living godly lives + Peter teaches that God has given believers all that they need for living godly lives. Therefore, believers should do everything they can to obey God more and more. If believers continue to do this, then they will be effective and productive through their relationship with Jesus. However, if believers do not continue living godly lives, then it is like they have forgotten what God did through Christ to save them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### The truth of Scripture -#### The truth of Scripture Peter teaches that the prophecies in Scripture were not made up by men. The Holy Spirit revealed God's message to the men who spoke them or wrote them down. Also, Peter and the other apostles did not make up the stories they told people about Jesus. They witnessed what Jesus did and heard God call Jesus his son. ## Links: @@ -23,4 +26,3 @@ Peter teaches that the prophecies in Scripture were not made up by men. The Holy * __[2 Peter intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2pe/02/01.md b/2pe/02/01.md index f76a52883b..fe59b29c40 100644 --- a/2pe/02/01.md +++ b/2pe/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "heresies" refers to opinions that are contrary to the teaching of Chri # the master who bought them The word "master" here refers to a person who owns slaves. Peter speaks of Jesus as the owner of people whom he has bought, the price being his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/02.md b/2pe/02/02.md index cb7461dcb7..a98ab4a8cc 100644 --- a/2pe/02/02.md +++ b/2pe/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ immoral sexual behavior # the way of truth will be slandered The phrase "way of truth" refers to the Christian faith as the true path to God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "unbelievers will slander the way of truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/03.md b/2pe/02/03.md index 8c190daab0..2ee0b09edd 100644 --- a/2pe/02/03.md +++ b/2pe/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter speaks of "condemnation" and "destruction" as if they are persons who act. # Their condemnation has been coming for a long time, and their destruction is not asleep Possible meanings are 1) the false teachers will be condemned, and as a result they will be destroyed, or 2) the two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize how soon or how certainly the false teachers will be condemned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/04.md b/2pe/02/04.md index 1e3ea09eef..c9c6a57a9b 100644 --- a/2pe/02/04.md +++ b/2pe/02/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "in chains in a very dark place" or 2) "in darkness tha # until the judgment This refers to the day of judgment when God will judge every person. - diff --git a/2pe/02/05.md b/2pe/02/05.md index cee4b78033..db0474e10c 100644 --- a/2pe/02/05.md +++ b/2pe/02/05.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ Here the word "world" refers to the people who lived in it. Alternate translatio # when he brought a flood on the world of the ungodly -God punished ungodly people by sending a flood that killed them. \ No newline at end of file +God punished ungodly people by sending a flood that killed them. diff --git a/2pe/02/06.md b/2pe/02/06.md index 301f395bf1..3f855daa8e 100644 --- a/2pe/02/06.md +++ b/2pe/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to Sodom and Gomorrah and the people who lived in th # as an example of what is to happen to the ungodly Sodom and Gomorrah serve as an example and a warning of what will happen to others who disobey God. - diff --git a/2pe/02/07.md b/2pe/02/07.md index 6572d80fe4..1efb306975 100644 --- a/2pe/02/07.md +++ b/2pe/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Lot was righteous, and God rescued him from the punishment he sent on Sodom and # the sensual behavior of lawless people "the immoral behavior of people who broke God's law" - diff --git a/2pe/02/08.md b/2pe/02/08.md index 99eb6c805a..d5a1404927 100644 --- a/2pe/02/08.md +++ b/2pe/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Lot. # was tormented in his righteous soul Here the word "soul" refers to Lot's thoughts and emotions. The immoral behavior of the citizens of Sodom and Gomorrah disturbed him emotionally. Alternate translation: "was greatly disturbed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/09.md b/2pe/02/09.md index 56752ce587..0e7e9da0e0 100644 --- a/2pe/02/09.md +++ b/2pe/02/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "these things" refer to what God did in verses 4-8. # rescue ... out of trials Possible meanings of the word "trials" are 1) tests or temptations, "enable ... to resist temptation" or "enable ... to pass the test," or 2) suffering, "bring ... through suffering." - diff --git a/2pe/02/10.md b/2pe/02/10.md index 2490aae900..8a2b3d77df 100644 --- a/2pe/02/10.md +++ b/2pe/02/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "authority" stands for God, who has the right to give commands and to punis # the glorious ones This phrase refers to spiritual beings, such as angels or demons. - diff --git a/2pe/02/11.md b/2pe/02/11.md index 9315a1c872..dfad4b00cf 100644 --- a/2pe/02/11.md +++ b/2pe/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to angels. Possible meanings for the word "them" are 1) t # bring insulting judgments against them The idea that angels could accuse them is spoken of as if they could attack them using accusations as weapons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/12.md b/2pe/02/12.md index a449ad6a50..c36e3f0f8a 100644 --- a/2pe/02/12.md +++ b/2pe/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They speak evil of what they do not know or understand. # In destruction they also will be destroyed This emphasizes that God will destroy them and can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will completely destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/13.md b/2pe/02/13.md index 827398b40b..894dae708d 100644 --- a/2pe/02/13.md +++ b/2pe/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "luxury" refers to immoral activity that includes gluttony, drunke # They are stains and blemishes The words "stains" and "blemishes" share similar meanings. Peter speaks of the false teachers as if they were stains on a garment that cause shame for those who wear it. Alternate translation: "They are like stains and blemishes on clothes, which cause disgrace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/14.md b/2pe/02/14.md index 4e529257ae..9f7f08dafb 100644 --- a/2pe/02/14.md +++ b/2pe/02/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "souls" refers to persons. Alternate translation: "They entice uns # hearts trained in greed Here the word "hearts" refers to the thoughts and emotions of the person. Because of their habitual actions, they have trained themselves to think and act out of greed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/15.md b/2pe/02/15.md index 3d2319e2d7..c7b38f3663 100644 --- a/2pe/02/15.md +++ b/2pe/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People who commit evil behavior that displeases God are spoken of as if they wer # to receive payment for unrighteousness "to receive money for doing things that are not righteous" - diff --git a/2pe/02/16.md b/2pe/02/16.md index e6a9b8b596..094e2e4b22 100644 --- a/2pe/02/16.md +++ b/2pe/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A donkey, which is naturally unable to speak, spoke with a voice like a human. # stopped the prophet's insanity God used a donkey to stop the prophet's foolish action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/17.md b/2pe/02/17.md index f37e8579e8..85ebfb16cf 100644 --- a/2pe/02/17.md +++ b/2pe/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ When people see storm clouds, they expect rain to fall. When the winds from the # The gloom of thick darkness is reserved for them The word "them" refers to the false teachers. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has reserved the gloom of thick darkness for them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/18.md b/2pe/02/18.md index 8408688b3d..9106eecf88 100644 --- a/2pe/02/18.md +++ b/2pe/02/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase refers to people who recently became believers. The phrase "those wh # people who are trying to escape Peter speaks of people who live sinfully as if they are slaves to sin who need to be released from their captivity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/19.md b/2pe/02/19.md index e1ce9fa42e..272049f335 100644 --- a/2pe/02/19.md +++ b/2pe/02/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter speaks of people who live sinfully as if they were slaves to sin and need # For a man is a slave to whatever overcomes him Peter speaks of a person as a slave when anything has control over that person, and that thing as the master of that person. Alternate translation: "For if something has control over a person, that person becomes like a slave to that thing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/20.md b/2pe/02/20.md index 7eaa4f1e8c..16a4ec7cf9 100644 --- a/2pe/02/20.md +++ b/2pe/02/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You can translate "knowledge" using a verbal phrase. See how you translated simi # the last state has become worse for them than the first "their condition is worse than it was before" - diff --git a/2pe/02/21.md b/2pe/02/21.md index 43e722650a..1a1ef7d2d2 100644 --- a/2pe/02/21.md +++ b/2pe/02/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "turn away from" is a metaphor that means to stop doing something. Alternat # the holy commandment delivered to them This can be stated in active terms. Alternate translation: "the holy commandment that God delivered to them" or "the holy commandment that God made sure that they received" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/22.md b/2pe/02/22.md index 1cefc5650d..c1fb9e83a9 100644 --- a/2pe/02/22.md +++ b/2pe/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # A dog returns to its own vomit, and a washed pig returns to the mud Peter uses two proverbs to illustrate how the false teachers, although they have known "the way of righteousness," have turned back to the things that make them morally and spiritually impure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]]) - diff --git a/2pe/02/intro.md b/2pe/02/intro.md index 3e02730a89..ebd15b3e8a 100644 --- a/2pe/02/intro.md +++ b/2pe/02/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Peter 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Flesh +### Flesh "Flesh" is a metaphor for a person's sinful nature. Here it does not represent the physical part of man. "Flesh" represents the human nature that rejects all things godly and desires what is sinful. This is the condition of all humans before they receive the Holy Spirit by believing in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]) -#### Implicit information +### Implicit information + There are several analogies in 2:4-8 that are difficult to understand if the Old Testament has not yet been translated. Further explanation may be necessary. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ There are several analogies in 2:4-8 that are difficult to understand if the Old * __[2 Peter 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2pe/03/01.md b/2pe/03/01.md index 1670336b25..e8def78dfe 100644 --- a/2pe/03/01.md +++ b/2pe/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter begins to talk about the last days. # to stir up your sincere mind Peter speaks of causing his readers to think about these things as if he were waking them from sleep. Alternate translation: "to cause you to think pure thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/02.md b/2pe/03/02.md index 48c4d0445a..19caa21b33 100644 --- a/2pe/03/02.md +++ b/2pe/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the words that the ho # the command of our Lord and Savior given through your apostles This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the command of our Lord and Savior, which your apostles gave to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/03.md b/2pe/03/03.md index 5687b6744d..10ee807b58 100644 --- a/2pe/03/03.md +++ b/2pe/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "desires" refers to sinful desires that are opposed to God's will. # proceed act, behave - diff --git a/2pe/03/04.md b/2pe/03/04.md index 5f2a6eab93..228108e62b 100644 --- a/2pe/03/04.md +++ b/2pe/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The mockers exaggerate with the word "all," and they argue that since nothing in # since the beginning of creation This can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "since God created the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/05.md b/2pe/03/05.md index 3300e9d7ee..93d57fbfe1 100644 --- a/2pe/03/05.md +++ b/2pe/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # came to exist out of water and through water This means that God caused the land to come up out of the water, gathering the bodies of water together to make the land appear. - diff --git a/2pe/03/06.md b/2pe/03/06.md index 167912e038..90f04678e1 100644 --- a/2pe/03/06.md +++ b/2pe/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "which" refers to God's word and water. # the world at that time was destroyed, being flooded with water This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God flooded the world that existed at that time with water and destroyed it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/07.md b/2pe/03/07.md index 31db1aaf51..80e808dafc 100644 --- a/2pe/03/07.md +++ b/2pe/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fire. God is reservin # for the day of judgment and destruction of ungodly people This can be stated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: "for the day when he judges and destroys ungodly people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/08.md b/2pe/03/08.md index bd729648fd..5b2af5eca5 100644 --- a/2pe/03/08.md +++ b/2pe/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that one day with the Lord is like a thousand years "that from the Lord's point of view, one day is like a thousand years" - diff --git a/2pe/03/09.md b/2pe/03/09.md index efe97c70c4..fdf403e27e 100644 --- a/2pe/03/09.md +++ b/2pe/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the Lord's promise to return. # as some consider slowness to be Some people think that the Lord is slow to fulfill his promise because their perspective of time is different from God's. - diff --git a/2pe/03/10.md b/2pe/03/10.md index 73b02a22b5..200905d0a8 100644 --- a/2pe/03/10.md +++ b/2pe/03/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the heavenly bodies, such as the sun, moon, and stars o # the earth and the deeds in it will be laid bare God will see all the earth and all the deeds of everyone, and he will then judge everything. This can be stated in active terms. Alternate translation: "God will expose the earth and everything that people have done on it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/11.md b/2pe/03/11.md index 0b8e45d276..9f13afcd32 100644 --- a/2pe/03/11.md +++ b/2pe/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Since God will destro # what kind of people should you be? Peter uses this rhetorical question to emphasize what he will say next, that they "should live holy and godly lives." Alternate translation: "you know what kind of people you should be." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/12.md b/2pe/03/12.md index 65c418c875..f69e7bbe41 100644 --- a/2pe/03/12.md +++ b/2pe/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will destroy the # the elements Possible meanings are 1) the heavenly bodies, such as the sun, moon, and stars or 2) the things that make up heaven and earth, such as soil, air, fire, and water. See how you translated this in [2 Peter 3:10](../03/10.md). - diff --git a/2pe/03/13.md b/2pe/03/13.md index 65d48a7cf5..3db5ccf13f 100644 --- a/2pe/03/13.md +++ b/2pe/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where righteousness will dwell Peter speaks of "righteousness" as if it were a person. This is a metonym for people who are righteous. Alternate translation: "where righteous people will dwell" or "where people will live righteously" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/14.md b/2pe/03/14.md index f6a2d91184..715bd48fe1 100644 --- a/2pe/03/14.md +++ b/2pe/03/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "spotless" and "blameless" mean basically the same thing and emphasize # spotless Here this stands for "faultless." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/15.md b/2pe/03/15.md index 0e9dc31d1d..01968c9256 100644 --- a/2pe/03/15.md +++ b/2pe/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Because the Lord is patient, the day of judgment has not yet happened. This give # according to the wisdom that was given to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "according to the wisdom that God gave to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/16.md b/2pe/03/16.md index e4f87712e1..2b94de3307 100644 --- a/2pe/03/16.md +++ b/2pe/03/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Ignorant and unstable men misinterpret the things that are difficult to understa # to their own destruction "resulting in their own destruction" - diff --git a/2pe/03/17.md b/2pe/03/17.md index 0b387aa9c7..94237892f3 100644 --- a/2pe/03/17.md +++ b/2pe/03/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "led astray" is a metaphor for being persuaded to do something wrong. This # you lose your own faithfulness Faithfulness is spoken of as if it were a possession that believers could lose. Alternate translation: "you stop being faithful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/18.md b/2pe/03/18.md index ad7e3b054e..198da2e99b 100644 --- a/2pe/03/18.md +++ b/2pe/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ Here growing in the grace and knowledge of the Lord represents experiencing his grace more and knowing him more. The abstract noun "grace" can be expressed with the phrase "act kindly." Alternate translation: "receive more of the grace of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, and know him more" or "be more aware of how our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ acts kindly toward you, and know him better" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2pe/03/intro.md b/2pe/03/intro.md index 67d0929c12..302b2dbce5 100644 --- a/2pe/03/intro.md +++ b/2pe/03/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # 2 Peter 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Fire -#### Fire People often use fire to destroy things or to make something pure by burning off the dirt and worthless parts. Therefore when God punishes the wicked or purifies his people, it is often associated with fire. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fire]]) -#### Day of the Lord -The exact time of the coming day of the Lord will come as a surprise to people. This is what the simile "like a thief in the night" means. Because of this, Christians are to be prepared for the coming of the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/dayofthelord]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) +### Day of the Lord + +The exact time of the coming day of the Lord will come as a surprise to people. This is what the simile "like a thief in the night" means. Because of this, Christians are to be prepared for the coming of the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/dayofthelord]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) ## Links: * __[2 Peter 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/2pe/front/intro.md b/2pe/front/intro.md index b5249bdb73..61c8f42870 100644 --- a/2pe/front/intro.md +++ b/2pe/front/intro.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ### Who wrote the Book of 2 Peter? -The author identified himself as Simon Peter. Simon Peter was an apostle. He also wrote 1 Peter. Peter probably wrote this letter while in a prison in Rome just before he died. Peter called this letter his second letter, so we can date it after 1 Peter. He addressed the letter to the same audience as his first letter. The audience probably was Christians scattered throughout Asia Minor. +The author identified himself as Simon Peter. Simon Peter was an apostle. He also wrote 1 Peter. Peter probably wrote this letter while in a prison in Rome just before he died. Peter called this letter his second letter, so we can date it after 1 Peter. He addressed the letter to the same audience as his first letter. The audience probably was Christians scattered throughout Asia Minor. ### What is the Book of 2 Peter about? @@ -25,15 +25,15 @@ Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "2 Peter" or ### Who were the people Peter spoke against? -It is possible that the people Peter spoke against were those who would become known as Gnostics. These teachers distorted the teachings of scripture for their own gain. They lived in immoral ways and taught others to do the same. +It is possible that the people Peter spoke against were those who would become known as Gnostics. These teachers distorted the teachings of scripture for their own gain. They lived in immoral ways and taught others to do the same. ### What does it mean that God inspired Scripture? -The doctrine of scripture is a very important one. 2 Peter helps readers to understand that while each writer of scripture had his own distinct way of writing, God is the true author of scripture (1:20-21). +The doctrine of scripture is a very important one. 2 Peter helps readers to understand that while each writer of scripture had his own distinct way of writing, God is the true author of scripture (1:20-21). ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues -#### Singular and plural "you" +### Singular and plural "you" In this book, the word "I" refers to Peter. Also, the word "you" is always plural and refers to Peter's audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) @@ -47,4 +47,3 @@ For the following verses, some modern versions of the Bible differ from older ve * "The elements will be burned with fire, and the earth and the deeds in it will be revealed" (3:10). Other versions have, "The elements will be burned with fire, and the earth and the deeds in it will be burned up." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/01.md b/2sa/01/01.md index 8d13249ae8..786730a942 100644 --- a/2sa/01/01.md +++ b/2sa/01/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ziklag This is the name of a city in the southern part of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/02.md b/2sa/01/02.md index d9125946f5..bacc215679 100644 --- a/2sa/01/02.md +++ b/2sa/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this culture, tearing one's own clothes and putting dirt on one's head was an # he fell to the ground and bowed down This was an act of showing submission to David, who was now the king of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/03.md b/2sa/01/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/01/03.md +++ b/2sa/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/01/04.md b/2sa/01/04.md index 92c4162040..8c393974c5 100644 --- a/2sa/01/04.md +++ b/2sa/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Many have fallen and many are dead Possible meanings are 1) "Many were wounded and many were killed" or 2) "Many were wounded and killed." - diff --git a/2sa/01/05.md b/2sa/01/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/01/05.md +++ b/2sa/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/01/06.md b/2sa/01/06.md index 4a37e2ef69..b83fcf0f57 100644 --- a/2sa/01/06.md +++ b/2sa/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This statement emphasizes that the man did not plan to meet Saul. # Saul was leaning on his spear Possible meanings are 1) Saul was weak and using the spear to support himself or 2) Saul was attempting to kill himself by falling on his own spear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/07.md b/2sa/01/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/01/07.md +++ b/2sa/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/01/08.md b/2sa/01/08.md index 374b85950e..ddc01e1b1c 100644 --- a/2sa/01/08.md +++ b/2sa/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These direct quotations could be stated as indirect speech. Alternate translatio # I am an Amalekite These are the same people David just finished attacking in [2 Samuel 1:1](../01/01.md). - diff --git a/2sa/01/09.md b/2sa/01/09.md index 9f1659479c..aa477d2eb2 100644 --- a/2sa/01/09.md +++ b/2sa/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul's suffering is spoken of as something terrible that has grabbed hold of him # life is still in me This idiom means he is still alive. Alternate translation: "I am still alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/10.md b/2sa/01/10.md index 292ccc6045..4d31e4d590 100644 --- a/2sa/01/10.md +++ b/2sa/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he would not live after he had fallen "he would die anyway" - diff --git a/2sa/01/11.md b/2sa/01/11.md index 2624fe124a..aabb21174f 100644 --- a/2sa/01/11.md +++ b/2sa/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David tore his clothes ... the men with him did the same David and his men tore their clothes as a sign of mourning for the death of King Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/12.md b/2sa/01/12.md index 6cecac1694..185bfd3c9f 100644 --- a/2sa/01/12.md +++ b/2sa/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # they had fallen by the sword Here "fallen" is a polite way of referring to being killed. Also, "sword" represents a battle. This here means "had been killed." Alternate translation: "they had died in battle" or "enemies had killed them in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/13.md b/2sa/01/13.md index 9b2c1636f3..e78e71b2cb 100644 --- a/2sa/01/13.md +++ b/2sa/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Where are you from? The man had already stated that he is an Amalekite in [2 Samuel 1:8](../01/08.md). David apparently asks the man to confirm this because of the serious judgment that David was going to pronounce on the man. - diff --git a/2sa/01/14.md b/2sa/01/14.md index 2716053641..4e31154e34 100644 --- a/2sa/01/14.md +++ b/2sa/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Saul. # with your own hand This phrase refers to doing something yourself. Alternate translation: "yourself" or "personally" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/15.md b/2sa/01/15.md index e6d467121e..3420e11132 100644 --- a/2sa/01/15.md +++ b/2sa/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # struck him down This idiom means "killed him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/16.md b/2sa/01/16.md index 7158a84a1a..be2ba228eb 100644 --- a/2sa/01/16.md +++ b/2sa/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "blood" is a metonym that implies "shed blood" and is associated with death # your own mouth has testified against you Here "your own mouth" refers to the man himself. Alternate translation: "you have testified against yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/17.md b/2sa/01/17.md index 02df156722..fcedfdb8cb 100644 --- a/2sa/01/17.md +++ b/2sa/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: David sings a song of mourning for Saul and Jonathan. - diff --git a/2sa/01/18.md b/2sa/01/18.md index fd5f24d577..96a4714564 100644 --- a/2sa/01/18.md +++ b/2sa/01/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is background information added to tell the reader what happened to the son # the Book of Jashar The word "Jashar" means "upright." Alternate translation: "the Book of the Upright" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/19.md b/2sa/01/19.md index f3e314f885..3557609a46 100644 --- a/2sa/01/19.md +++ b/2sa/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "the mighty" refers to both Saul and Jonathan. This nominal adjective # have fallen The word "fallen" here means "died." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/20.md b/2sa/01/20.md index ef9aec515d..820cba1cc4 100644 --- a/2sa/01/20.md +++ b/2sa/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated as part of the poetry of # the daughters of the uncircumcised This phrase refers to people who do not follow Yahweh, such as the Philistines. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/21.md b/2sa/01/21.md index 8a75027a0d..89261de950 100644 --- a/2sa/01/21.md +++ b/2sa/01/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The "mighty" here refers to Saul. The shield was defiled because it fell on the # The shield of Saul is no longer anointed with oil Saul's shield was made of leather. To care for the shield, it was rubbed with oil. Alternate translation: "No one will care for Saul's shield anymore" - diff --git a/2sa/01/22.md b/2sa/01/22.md index 46f41deb15..2fcba7b373 100644 --- a/2sa/01/22.md +++ b/2sa/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Saul and Jonathan are shown here to have been fierce and valiant warriors. (See: # the sword of Saul did not return empty Saul's sword is spoken of as if it were a living thing that could return on its own. Rather than return empty, it was carrying the blood of Saul's enemies that it killed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/23.md b/2sa/01/23.md index f20139de8d..156f390907 100644 --- a/2sa/01/23.md +++ b/2sa/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "were not separated" is used to emphasize that they were always toget # They were swifter than eagles, they were stronger than lions. Saul and Jonathan were spoken of as if they were faster than eagles and stronger than lions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/24.md b/2sa/01/24.md index 3d159bc2f7..ef0db62527 100644 --- a/2sa/01/24.md +++ b/2sa/01/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who clothed you in scarlet as well as jewels, and who put ornaments of gold on your clothing "who provided you nice clothes and jewelry." These two phrases share similar meanings that describe providing the women with expensive, attractive clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/25.md b/2sa/01/25.md index 625cd14bec..d7e7def702 100644 --- a/2sa/01/25.md +++ b/2sa/01/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jonathan has died in # on your high places David continues to address this part of the song to the mountains of Gilboa as he started in [2 Samuel 1:21](../01/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/2sa/01/26.md b/2sa/01/26.md index d0a7eca54d..23ea88fc2c 100644 --- a/2sa/01/26.md +++ b/2sa/01/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "brother" is used in the sense of a very close friend. # Your love to me was wonderful, exceeding the love of women Here "love" is used in the sense of friendship and loyalty. Jonathan's loyalty to David was even greater than the loyalty a woman has for her husband and children. - diff --git a/2sa/01/27.md b/2sa/01/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/01/27.md +++ b/2sa/01/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/01/intro.md b/2sa/01/intro.md index ff5ce1b677..17b093bf43 100644 --- a/2sa/01/intro.md +++ b/2sa/01/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,22 @@ # 2 Samuel 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 1:19-27. -This chapter continues the material from 1 Samuel. +This chapter continues the material from 1 Samuel. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### David's funeral song -David praised Saul and Jonathan as great warriors and Jonathan as his dearest friend. +### David's funeral song -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +David praised Saul and Jonathan as great warriors and Jonathan as his dearest friend. -#### Synecdoche -David used two figures of speech to express that Jonathan and Saul were great warriors: "the bow of Jonathan did not turn back, and the sword of Saul did not return empty." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Synecdoche + +David used two figures of speech to express that Jonathan and Saul were great warriors: "the bow of Jonathan did not turn back, and the sword of Saul did not return empty." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +24,3 @@ David used two figures of speech to express that Jonathan and Saul were great wa * [2 Samuel intro](../front/intro.md) __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/02/01.md b/2sa/02/01.md index 880b6fb48f..bbf8214c14 100644 --- a/2sa/02/01.md +++ b/2sa/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # go up to one of the cities of Judah At this time David was in the city of Ziklag. David used the phrase "go up" because Ziklag was lower in elevation than Judah. Alternate translation: "travel to one of the cities of Judah" - diff --git a/2sa/02/02.md b/2sa/02/02.md index ef114ef27c..03015f955e 100644 --- a/2sa/02/02.md +++ b/2sa/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David went up with his two wives At this time David was in the city of Ziklag. The narrator uses the phrase "went up" because Ziklag was lower in elevation than Hebron. Alternate translation: "David traveled to Hebron with his two wives" - diff --git a/2sa/02/03.md b/2sa/02/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/02/03.md +++ b/2sa/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/02/04.md b/2sa/02/04.md index 1bfa574a7f..f0572e23ad 100644 --- a/2sa/02/04.md +++ b/2sa/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" is used in the sense of "tribe." Alternate translation: "the tribe # Jabesh Gilead This is the name of a town in the region of Gilead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/05.md b/2sa/02/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/02/05.md +++ b/2sa/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/02/06.md b/2sa/02/06.md index ee1864b9f4..3b7b34e56d 100644 --- a/2sa/02/06.md +++ b/2sa/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract nouns "love" and "faithfulness" can be expressed with the verb "lov # this thing They buried Saul. - diff --git a/2sa/02/07.md b/2sa/02/07.md index 8267cdd19d..306f4d2472 100644 --- a/2sa/02/07.md +++ b/2sa/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hands" refers to the people of Jabesh Gilead. Alternate translation: "be s # anointed me king In this symbolic act, they poured oil on David's head to show that he was selected to be the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/08.md b/2sa/02/08.md index 8bb7d7420f..dca1858d76 100644 --- a/2sa/02/08.md +++ b/2sa/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Mahanaim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/09.md b/2sa/02/09.md index 53b9667ddf..1fb3ff7496 100644 --- a/2sa/02/09.md +++ b/2sa/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gilead ... Jezreel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/10.md b/2sa/02/10.md index 32bd241c25..f69d884b83 100644 --- a/2sa/02/10.md +++ b/2sa/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Obeying David's rule is spoken of as "following" him. Alternate translation: "th # house of Judah Here "house" is used to mean "tribe." - diff --git a/2sa/02/11.md b/2sa/02/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/02/11.md +++ b/2sa/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/02/12.md b/2sa/02/12.md index 4e750763ec..3d75429806 100644 --- a/2sa/02/12.md +++ b/2sa/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abner ... Ner ... Ish-Bosheth ... Saul These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/13.md b/2sa/02/13.md index 10dfbceee7..e1ab2aa521 100644 --- a/2sa/02/13.md +++ b/2sa/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zeruiah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/14.md b/2sa/02/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/02/14.md +++ b/2sa/02/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/02/15.md b/2sa/02/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/02/15.md +++ b/2sa/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/02/16.md b/2sa/02/16.md index 5baf611038..8380d5f3b9 100644 --- a/2sa/02/16.md +++ b/2sa/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying they died. Alternate translation: "they both died # Helkath Hazzurim This is a name given to remind people what happened there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/17.md b/2sa/02/17.md index c1588b83b1..d9d28f3ddb 100644 --- a/2sa/02/17.md +++ b/2sa/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The battle was very severe that day It may be helpful to explicitly state that this was the large battle that followed the contest of the young men. Alternate translation: "Then the others started to fight also. It was a very fierce battle that day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/18.md b/2sa/02/18.md index d7cda48469..929bedafc4 100644 --- a/2sa/02/18.md +++ b/2sa/02/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Asahel is compared to a gazelle, an animal that runs very fast. Alternate t # wild gazelle This small, four-legged animal, with two long horns on its head, runs very fast. - diff --git a/2sa/02/19.md b/2sa/02/19.md index e8006021f5..91baf54288 100644 --- a/2sa/02/19.md +++ b/2sa/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # followed him without turning away in any direction Here "without turning away" is stated in negative form to emphasize how closely he followed Abner's path. Alternate translation: "followed him wherever he went" - diff --git a/2sa/02/20.md b/2sa/02/20.md index bea980cad8..7485ffb057 100644 --- a/2sa/02/20.md +++ b/2sa/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Asahel This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/21.md b/2sa/02/21.md index 50bdaffc79..ffffbfb3ee 100644 --- a/2sa/02/21.md +++ b/2sa/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # seize one of the young men and take his armor Abner was asking Asahel to kill and plunder another younger soldier who would not be as dangerous as Abner. He did not want to kill Asahel. Alternate translation: "fight with another soldier and take his equipment as plunder" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/22.md b/2sa/02/22.md index aab149b212..257e239319 100644 --- a/2sa/02/22.md +++ b/2sa/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to warn Asahel of the danger he faced. "Strike # How then could I hold up my face to Joab, your brother? This rhetorical question emphasizes that Abner does not want to fight and kill Asahel because it would destroy Abner's relationship with Joab. Here "hold up my face to Joab" is an idiom that means that he would be too ashamed to look at Joab. Alternate translation: "I would be too ashamed to look at your brother, Joab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/23.md b/2sa/02/23.md index 8216b99fe0..64f79d99c3 100644 --- a/2sa/02/23.md +++ b/2sa/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to "halt" or "stop chasing." # the blunt end of his spear This refers to the handle, which is not sharp or designed to pierce anything. It can be implied that Abner was only trying to stop Asahel from following him, and did not intend to kill him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/24.md b/2sa/02/24.md index debd1555a7..64383a6784 100644 --- a/2sa/02/24.md +++ b/2sa/02/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # hill of Ammah ... Giah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/25.md b/2sa/02/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/02/25.md +++ b/2sa/02/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/02/26.md b/2sa/02/26.md index 12352d3c3c..754f298b41 100644 --- a/2sa/02/26.md +++ b/2sa/02/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to force Joab to acknowledge that continued fig # How long will it be before you tell your men to stop pursuing their brothers? This rhetorical question is intended to convince Joab to stop fighting their fellow Israelites. Here "brother" is used to represent the members of the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "Stop this now so that Israelites will not have to kill each other!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/27.md b/2sa/02/27.md index 474ddc78df..70e0a3b8de 100644 --- a/2sa/02/27.md +++ b/2sa/02/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a very strong vow. Alternate translation: "With God as my witness" or "G # if you had not said that ... pursued their brothers until the morning Joab spoke about what did not happen to show how good it was that Abner said what he said. Because Abner said what he said, Joab would tell his soldiers to stop chasing their brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/28.md b/2sa/02/28.md index cd65872f0e..d880cf99cd 100644 --- a/2sa/02/28.md +++ b/2sa/02/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Trumpets were used to signal orders to the armies across great distances. (See: # did not pursue Israel Here "Israel" refers to the Israelite soldiers. Alternate translation: "did not continue to chase the Israelite soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/29.md b/2sa/02/29.md index 05541fc8b9..02920b270b 100644 --- a/2sa/02/29.md +++ b/2sa/02/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Arabah ... Mahanaim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/30.md b/2sa/02/30.md index 58ea43d57b..72b71753ca 100644 --- a/2sa/02/30.md +++ b/2sa/02/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # David's servants "David's soldiers." These men served David as soldiers. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Samuel 3:22](../03/22.md). - diff --git a/2sa/02/31.md b/2sa/02/31.md index fb25781fc0..45c98f0afd 100644 --- a/2sa/02/31.md +++ b/2sa/02/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # from Benjamin This phrase means "from the tribe of Benjamin." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/02/32.md b/2sa/02/32.md index 16d095b158..c5c161449b 100644 --- a/2sa/02/32.md +++ b/2sa/02/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the day dawned on them at Hebron "they arrived at Hebron by dawn the next morning" - diff --git a/2sa/02/intro.md b/2sa/02/intro.md index b1b0ca8440..a18e550e44 100644 --- a/2sa/02/intro.md +++ b/2sa/02/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 2 Samuel 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the story of the civil war between Saul's son and David. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Civil war -#### Civil war There was a civil war in Israel. David was made king of Judah and Saul's uncle (Abner) made Saul's son (Ishbosheth) king of the rest of Israel. When they fought each other, Abner killed Joab's brother, but David's army was victorious. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical question -#### Rhetorical question Abner finally stopped the battle with a rhetorical question to David's army. "Must the sword devour forever?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Abner finally stopped the battle with a rhetorical question to David's army. "Mu * __[2 Samuel 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/03/01.md b/2sa/03/01.md index 1f4445c494..1054ed4dd4 100644 --- a/2sa/03/01.md +++ b/2sa/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This metaphor means the number of people supporting David increased. (See: [[rc: # grew weaker and weaker This metaphor means the number of people supporting Saul's family decreased. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/02.md b/2sa/03/02.md index 6dfda5a15d..1ea832ff40 100644 --- a/2sa/03/02.md +++ b/2sa/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "David's wives gave bi # Ahinoam This is the name of a woman, a wife of David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/03.md b/2sa/03/03.md index 3058d8d099..17970bbdae 100644 --- a/2sa/03/03.md +++ b/2sa/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are women's names. They are the wives of David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # Kileab ... Nabal ... Talmai These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/04.md b/2sa/03/04.md index 3f00fe0c4d..bf7fb510d8 100644 --- a/2sa/03/04.md +++ b/2sa/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of David's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names] # Haggith ... Abital These are names of David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/05.md b/2sa/03/05.md index 943c9f6b55..76e5e5e036 100644 --- a/2sa/03/05.md +++ b/2sa/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of one of David's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-na # Eglah This is the name of one of David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/06.md b/2sa/03/06.md index bd71439be7..8b1e6ecbd2 100644 --- a/2sa/03/06.md +++ b/2sa/03/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the supporters of David. # Abner made himself strong in the house of Saul Abner's increasing power over Saul's family is spoken of as if he became physically stronger. Alternate translation: "Abner gained more power over the family and supporters of Saul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/07.md b/2sa/03/07.md index eb3237268c..6210534320 100644 --- a/2sa/03/07.md +++ b/2sa/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Ish-Bosheth asked this question to rebuke Abner who was acting like he was the k # gone to This is a euphemism for sexual relations. Alternate translation: "had sexual relations with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/08.md b/2sa/03/08.md index 0827ffe995..4f7494ca5c 100644 --- a/2sa/03/08.md +++ b/2sa/03/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hand" represents the power to defeat. Alternate translation: "to be defeat # But now you accuse me of iniquity concerning this woman? Abner asks this question to rebuke Ishbosheth. It is unclear if Abner actually slept with Rizpah, or if he was falsely accused, but it appears that he is denying that he is guilty. Alternate translation: "You should not think that I have slept with this woman!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/09.md b/2sa/03/09.md index f810e402e0..4f79ea20b6 100644 --- a/2sa/03/09.md +++ b/2sa/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May God do so to me ... and more also, if I do not This is the form of a solemn vow in that time. Abner is asking God to judge him severely if he does not keep his vow. Your language may have a way of expressing vows. Alternate translation: "I am asking God to punish me if I do not" - diff --git a/2sa/03/10.md b/2sa/03/10.md index c086e542c5..64ea62d499 100644 --- a/2sa/03/10.md +++ b/2sa/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "house" refers to Saul's family and supporters who survived Saul's death. A # throne of David This phrase refers to the authority of David as king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/11.md b/2sa/03/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/03/11.md +++ b/2sa/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/03/12.md b/2sa/03/12.md index 23b501b599..74dd72d5f2 100644 --- a/2sa/03/12.md +++ b/2sa/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The original meaning of this question is not clear. Possible meanings are 1) Abn # my hand is with you Here "hand" represents Abner's assistance that he is offering to David. Alternate translation: "I will assist you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/13.md b/2sa/03/13.md index 19066089fd..dc97376e65 100644 --- a/2sa/03/13.md +++ b/2sa/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David is stating the condition under which he will meet Abner. Here "face" refer # Michal This is the name of a daughter of Saul. She was David's first wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/14.md b/2sa/03/14.md index 9f85204185..42fd35dfcb 100644 --- a/2sa/03/14.md +++ b/2sa/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one hundred Philistine foreskins This represents the number of men David killed so that Saul would allow him to marry Michal. These men are represented here by their "foreskins." The "foreskin" is the fold of skin that covers the male reproductive organ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/15.md b/2sa/03/15.md index 450301e45b..d8ad24ac33 100644 --- a/2sa/03/15.md +++ b/2sa/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paltiel was Michal's second husband. Saul gave her to him after David fled from # Paltiel ... Laish These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/16.md b/2sa/03/16.md index 5e224d5982..ba26534b16 100644 --- a/2sa/03/16.md +++ b/2sa/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bahurim This is the name of a village. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/17.md b/2sa/03/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/03/17.md +++ b/2sa/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/03/18.md b/2sa/03/18.md index 7e365e3b0f..021f62dc9f 100644 --- a/2sa/03/18.md +++ b/2sa/03/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to power over Israel. Alternate translation: "the power of th # the hand of all their enemies Here "hand" refers to power over Israel. Alternate translation: "the power of all of their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/19.md b/2sa/03/19.md index 7e16df5214..c9e911bfd2 100644 --- a/2sa/03/19.md +++ b/2sa/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people of Benjamin ... the whole house of Benjamin Both of these statements refer to the descendants of Benjamin, who were one of the tribes of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/20.md b/2sa/03/20.md index d509fa3a11..93ff9789d1 100644 --- a/2sa/03/20.md +++ b/2sa/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty of his men The number of men who came with Abner. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/21.md b/2sa/03/21.md index 31ace86a11..afc758af4e 100644 --- a/2sa/03/21.md +++ b/2sa/03/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase means "all of the nation of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # So David sent Abner away They parted as friends. David was not angry with Abner. - diff --git a/2sa/03/22.md b/2sa/03/22.md index 5ee7250f4d..ffab7180c6 100644 --- a/2sa/03/22.md +++ b/2sa/03/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are items taken from the enemy. # Abner was not with David in Hebron Abner had already left to return home. - diff --git a/2sa/03/23.md b/2sa/03/23.md index 50040dad98..c1cd151679 100644 --- a/2sa/03/23.md +++ b/2sa/03/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Ner This is a man's name. He is the grandfather of Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/24.md b/2sa/03/24.md index e182a4f6db..2372134a00 100644 --- a/2sa/03/24.md +++ b/2sa/03/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joab asks this question to rebuke David for letting Abner go in peace. Alternate # Why have you sent him away, and he is gone? Joab asks this question to rebuke David for letting Abner escape. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Abner was here and you let him leave!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/25.md b/2sa/03/25.md index 8ab2fd11f0..538acdbc7b 100644 --- a/2sa/03/25.md +++ b/2sa/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you not know ... everything you are doing? Joab asks this question to convince David that Abner is plotting against David. Alternate translation: "Surely you know ... everything you are doing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/26.md b/2sa/03/26.md index 96dcfe103f..031a204398 100644 --- a/2sa/03/26.md +++ b/2sa/03/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # well of Sirah "Sirah" is the name of a place where the well was located. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/27.md b/2sa/03/27.md index 7ca5277d8f..acb1f065ad 100644 --- a/2sa/03/27.md +++ b/2sa/03/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "blood" is associated with the death of Asahel. Alternate translation: "the # Asahel This is the name of a male person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/28.md b/2sa/03/28.md index faeba897cf..8d254fb017 100644 --- a/2sa/03/28.md +++ b/2sa/03/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "blood" refers to violent death. See how you translated a similar phrase in # Ner This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/29.md b/2sa/03/29.md index 1054c5b404..e9898dcc5f 100644 --- a/2sa/03/29.md +++ b/2sa/03/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "sword" refers to violent death. Alternate translation: "dies violently" (S # does not have enough food "is hungry" - diff --git a/2sa/03/30.md b/2sa/03/30.md index 780d5f4936..1be640e6a9 100644 --- a/2sa/03/30.md +++ b/2sa/03/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abishai ... Asahel These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/31.md b/2sa/03/31.md index 5a2adc81c8..37222db3a2 100644 --- a/2sa/03/31.md +++ b/2sa/03/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tear your clothes, gird yourselves with sackcloth These were symbolic actions to demonstrate their grief and sadness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/32.md b/2sa/03/32.md index 651b40fa9b..86d9ee9a67 100644 --- a/2sa/03/32.md +++ b/2sa/03/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The king wept and cried loudly The words "wept" and "cried loudly" mean basically the same thing and emphasize how much David mourned for Abner. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/33.md b/2sa/03/33.md index 259d450518..2d895a92f4 100644 --- a/2sa/03/33.md +++ b/2sa/03/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should Abner die as a fool dies? This rhetorical question is used to emphasize that his death was not fair. Alternate translation: "Abner should not have died in disgrace!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/34.md b/2sa/03/34.md index 279be79665..bae78aa7d1 100644 --- a/2sa/03/34.md +++ b/2sa/03/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one had attached y # the sons of injustice This refers to people who are unjust or wicked. Alternate translation: "wicked men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/35.md b/2sa/03/35.md index 57409ee30b..8c02e78f7e 100644 --- a/2sa/03/35.md +++ b/2sa/03/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This deliberate exaggeration is used to show that the nation of Israel wanted to # May God do so to me, and more also, if This is the form of a solemn vow in that time. David is asking God to judge him severely if he eats anything before sunset. Your language many have a way of expressing vows. Alternate translation: "I am asking God to punish me if" - diff --git a/2sa/03/36.md b/2sa/03/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/03/36.md +++ b/2sa/03/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/03/37.md b/2sa/03/37.md index 950d17e00c..168393d4c1 100644 --- a/2sa/03/37.md +++ b/2sa/03/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ner This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/38.md b/2sa/03/38.md index 56c9fc900b..69a54f24e5 100644 --- a/2sa/03/38.md +++ b/2sa/03/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to show how much David respected Abner. Here "f # a prince and a great man These two phrases both refer to Abner. Alternate translation: "a great prince" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/2sa/03/39.md b/2sa/03/39.md index 06d231d93f..0dcd808f19 100644 --- a/2sa/03/39.md +++ b/2sa/03/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # are too severe "are too much like animals" or "are too violent" - diff --git a/2sa/03/intro.md b/2sa/03/intro.md index acbaef65da..ac91dc4edf 100644 --- a/2sa/03/intro.md +++ b/2sa/03/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # 2 Samuel 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter records the first attempt to end the civil war. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 3:33-34. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter David never wanted to hurt Saul's family. Isbosheth criticized Abner and Abner became angry. He decided to help David become king of all of Israel. Abner came and made a treaty with David. As he left, Joab arrived and told him he wanted to talk to him and he murdered Abner. David was very unhappy that Abner had been killed. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ David never wanted to hurt Saul's family. Isbosheth criticized Abner and Abner b * __[2 Samuel 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/04/01.md b/2sa/04/01.md index 92c18582d5..cca89a3cf2 100644 --- a/2sa/04/01.md +++ b/2sa/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # his hands became weak In this phrase "his hands" represents Ishbosheth himself. Alternate translation: "Ishbosheth became weak" or "Ishbosheth lost all strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/04/02.md b/2sa/04/02.md index 33c34c211b..2442aeaeea 100644 --- a/2sa/04/02.md +++ b/2sa/04/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the author begins to provide background information about Beeroth for the r # Beeroth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/04/03.md b/2sa/04/03.md index 6f9e892d88..71645bc139 100644 --- a/2sa/04/03.md +++ b/2sa/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author finishes providing background information about Beeroth for the # Gittaim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/04/04.md b/2sa/04/04.md index 5a10186d33..bc429c201c 100644 --- a/2sa/04/04.md +++ b/2sa/04/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This explains how Mephibosheth was injured so he was unable to walk. # Mephibosheth This is the name of Jonathan's young son, the grandson of Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/04/05.md b/2sa/04/05.md index 8c2bb490ce..afe081b0d6 100644 --- a/2sa/04/05.md +++ b/2sa/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The story returns to the actions of Rechab and Baanah who were introduced in [2 # the heat of the day the middle of the day, the part of the day when it is the hottest - diff --git a/2sa/04/06.md b/2sa/04/06.md index 84f1bbee57..5cd383af4f 100644 --- a/2sa/04/06.md +++ b/2sa/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sifting wheat "cleaning chaff from wheat" - diff --git a/2sa/04/07.md b/2sa/04/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/04/07.md +++ b/2sa/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/04/08.md b/2sa/04/08.md index bf9b983613..76f77efdf5 100644 --- a/2sa/04/08.md +++ b/2sa/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sought your life This idiom means "was trying to kill you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/04/09.md b/2sa/04/09.md index a00754a708..4983ffa90d 100644 --- a/2sa/04/09.md +++ b/2sa/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is one of the strongest oaths David could swear, as Yahweh is the witness. # who delivered my life Here "life" refers to David himself. This means that Yahweh has kept David alive. Alternate translation: "who rescued me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/04/10.md b/2sa/04/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/04/10.md +++ b/2sa/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/04/11.md b/2sa/04/11.md index 35bdd9fc1f..c4416f4738 100644 --- a/2sa/04/11.md +++ b/2sa/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to show that the men had committed an especially serious c # require his blood from your hand The phrase "his blood" represents the life of Ishbosheth. Here "from your hand" represents Rechab and Baanah, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, introduced in [2 Samuel 4:5](./05.md). Alternate translation: "hold you responsible for the death of Ishbosheth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/04/12.md b/2sa/04/12.md index 564b9ae9e2..acfaa66af0 100644 --- a/2sa/04/12.md +++ b/2sa/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These were symbolic actions to show contempt for the men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # they took the head of Ish-Bosheth and buried it in the grave This was a symbolic act to honor Ish-Bosheth. This could be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "they honored Ish-Bosheth by burying his head in the grave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/04/intro.md b/2sa/04/intro.md index 6930958067..e63501b653 100644 --- a/2sa/04/intro.md +++ b/2sa/04/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 2 Samuel 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting While the end of the civil war occurs in this chapter, David still only reigned over Judah (1-4). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David and Ishbosheth -#### David and Ishbosheth David never sought revenge against Saul's family. When two men snuck into Ishbosheth's room, cut off his head and brought it to David, David had them killed for killing an innocent man. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions When two men brought Ishbosheth's head to David and expected to get a reward for it, David condemned them with the rhetorical question: "should I not now require his blood from your hand, and remove you from the earth?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/condemn]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ When two men brought Ishbosheth's head to David and expected to get a reward for * __[2 Samuel 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/05/01.md b/2sa/05/01.md index dd45bff7c2..b181728717 100644 --- a/2sa/05/01.md +++ b/2sa/05/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we are your flesh and bone This phrase means "a relative." Alternate translation: "we are related to you" or "we are of the same family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/02.md b/2sa/05/02.md index 3816b20ba3..3cf5a38e5b 100644 --- a/2sa/05/02.md +++ b/2sa/05/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two clauses mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh had ch # You will shepherd my people Israel Here ruling over the people is spoken of as shepherding them. Alternate translation: "You will care for my people Israel" or "You will rule over my people Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/03.md b/2sa/05/03.md index 4a6ef06a9d..fec1554b93 100644 --- a/2sa/05/03.md +++ b/2sa/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They anointed David king over Israel To "anoint" is a symbolic act to show that they recognized that God had chosen David as king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/04.md b/2sa/05/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/05/04.md +++ b/2sa/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/05/05.md b/2sa/05/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/05/05.md +++ b/2sa/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/05/06.md b/2sa/05/06.md index 7447c19c79..4920aca8e3 100644 --- a/2sa/05/06.md +++ b/2sa/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "If you come here, # the blind and the lame Here "the blind" and "the lame" are nominal adjectives. Alternate translation: "those people who cannot see and those who cannot walk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/07.md b/2sa/05/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/05/07.md +++ b/2sa/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/05/08.md b/2sa/05/08.md index 18d1aafdc4..7948d57cc0 100644 --- a/2sa/05/08.md +++ b/2sa/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David was speaking to his soldiers. Alternate translation: "David said to his so # The 'blind and the lame' These words could be either 1) a literal reference to people who are truly lame and blind or 2) a metonym that speaks about the Jebusites inside the city of Jerusalem as if they were all weak and handicapped. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/09.md b/2sa/05/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/05/09.md +++ b/2sa/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/05/10.md b/2sa/05/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/05/10.md +++ b/2sa/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/05/11.md b/2sa/05/11.md index c170cfcc55..b2cd7cfe21 100644 --- a/2sa/05/11.md +++ b/2sa/05/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ those who work with wood # masons those who work with stone or brick - diff --git a/2sa/05/12.md b/2sa/05/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/05/12.md +++ b/2sa/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/05/13.md b/2sa/05/13.md index a5b6e9f589..fe99ef103d 100644 --- a/2sa/05/13.md +++ b/2sa/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # more sons and daughters were born to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he had more sons and daughters" or "they bore him more sons and daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/14.md b/2sa/05/14.md index b035055497..dea5763d9f 100644 --- a/2sa/05/14.md +++ b/2sa/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of David's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names] # who were born to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that his wives bore for him" or "he had" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/15.md b/2sa/05/15.md index 18c790c700..83d61d24ef 100644 --- a/2sa/05/15.md +++ b/2sa/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ibhar ... Elishua ... Nepheg ... Japhia These are the names of David's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/16.md b/2sa/05/16.md index 44382356d0..b98c27f017 100644 --- a/2sa/05/16.md +++ b/2sa/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elishama ... Eliada ... Eliphelet These are the names of David's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/17.md b/2sa/05/17.md index d8aa727597..8e6dca5458 100644 --- a/2sa/05/17.md +++ b/2sa/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Israel had anointed D # they all went out looking for him Here "all" is a generalization that means the Philistine army. Alternate translation: "the Philistine army went looking for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/18.md b/2sa/05/18.md index b2e4e6ded6..2da2b1f827 100644 --- a/2sa/05/18.md +++ b/2sa/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Valley of Rephaim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/19.md b/2sa/05/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/05/19.md +++ b/2sa/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/05/20.md b/2sa/05/20.md index 9e77e54963..60a2d49671 100644 --- a/2sa/05/20.md +++ b/2sa/05/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Yahweh has burst through my enemies before me like a bursting flood of water Here David speaks of the victory that Yahweh brought as if it were a flood of water that overflowed its banks and covered the land, causing destruction. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has overwhelmed my enemies like a flood overwhelms the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/21.md b/2sa/05/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/05/21.md +++ b/2sa/05/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/05/22.md b/2sa/05/22.md index 8bb6872214..26e6ce7914 100644 --- a/2sa/05/22.md +++ b/2sa/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They "came up" because the Philistines lived at a lower elevation than David's s # Valley of Rephaim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/23.md b/2sa/05/23.md index 997967e168..92b198b10b 100644 --- a/2sa/05/23.md +++ b/2sa/05/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # balsam woods "Balsam" here is a type of tree, and the "woods" describe many balsam trees growing together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/24.md b/2sa/05/24.md index 5512cb467d..f768afc026 100644 --- a/2sa/05/24.md +++ b/2sa/05/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the continuation of Yahweh's instruction to David that began in [2 Samue # When you hear the sound of marching in the wind blowing through the balsam treetops This speaks of the sound of the leaves rustling as wind blows through them as if it were the sound of marching. Alternate translation: "When the wind blowing through the tops of the balsam trees sounds like men marching" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/25.md b/2sa/05/25.md index 6fac22c30b..d3faa7104d 100644 --- a/2sa/05/25.md +++ b/2sa/05/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Geba ... Gezer These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/05/intro.md b/2sa/05/intro.md index fa9c1bd0ad..b13689c511 100644 --- a/2sa/05/intro.md +++ b/2sa/05/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # 2 Samuel 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This records the beginning of the kingdom's expansion. +This records the beginning of the kingdom's expansion. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David conquers Jerusalem -#### David conquers Jerusalem David brought the combined army to Jerusalem and conquered it by going in through the water shaft. He enlarged the city and strengthened the defenses, and made it his capital. Jerusalem is an important place in the plans of God. -#### David consulting God -David always consulted God before fighting a battle. The Philistines invaded Israel trying to capture David. David asked God if he should attack the Philistines, and God said yes; so he defeated them. They invaded again and God told him to attack them from the rear and he defeated them again. +### David consulting God + +David always consulted God before fighting a battle. The Philistines invaded Israel trying to capture David. David asked God if he should attack the Philistines, and God said yes; so he defeated them. They invaded again and God told him to attack them from the rear and he defeated them again. ## Links: * __[2 Samuel 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/06/01.md b/2sa/06/01.md index 711bef8e64..88be74361e 100644 --- a/2sa/06/01.md +++ b/2sa/06/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metonym represents the army of the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # thirty thousand "30,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/02.md b/2sa/06/02.md index a175777b06..8864a3f070 100644 --- a/2sa/06/02.md +++ b/2sa/06/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark # enthroned to sit on a throne - diff --git a/2sa/06/03.md b/2sa/06/03.md index d99b891c91..68284251fc 100644 --- a/2sa/06/03.md +++ b/2sa/06/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David and the army of the nation of Israel move the ark of the covenant. # Abinadab ... Uzzah ... Ahio These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/04.md b/2sa/06/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/06/04.md +++ b/2sa/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/06/05.md b/2sa/06/05.md index 9e8d9890c4..58ea5d13f0 100644 --- a/2sa/06/05.md +++ b/2sa/06/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ musical instruments with many small, hard objects inside a hard shell, making rh # cymbals two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/06.md b/2sa/06/06.md index 6b41027429..4ab96d26e8 100644 --- a/2sa/06/06.md +++ b/2sa/06/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nakon This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/07.md b/2sa/06/07.md index 5e636e1f46..5fabae9908 100644 --- a/2sa/06/07.md +++ b/2sa/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "anger of Yahweh" is spoken of as if it were fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # for his sin It was a sin for Uzzah to touch the ark because Yahweh had commanded that no one should touch the ark. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/08.md b/2sa/06/08.md index dba151b26a..84dd93e9c3 100644 --- a/2sa/06/08.md +++ b/2sa/06/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. Translator may add a footnote that says, "The name # to this day This means to the time when this was being written, not to the present time in the twenty-first century. - diff --git a/2sa/06/09.md b/2sa/06/09.md index 7b69d30131..feb45bc677 100644 --- a/2sa/06/09.md +++ b/2sa/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How can the ark of Yahweh come to me? David uses this question to emphasize that he is afraid to take the ark to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "I am too afraid to bring the ark of Yahweh with me to Jerusalem." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/10.md b/2sa/06/10.md index f4ed2b0cdd..ed72800a33 100644 --- a/2sa/06/10.md +++ b/2sa/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Obed-Edom the Gittite This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/11.md b/2sa/06/11.md index dcc5f1d71b..281f89ec7b 100644 --- a/2sa/06/11.md +++ b/2sa/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # blessed him Here "him" refers to Obed-Edom the Gittite. - diff --git a/2sa/06/12.md b/2sa/06/12.md index 3f8dc6eb40..3fafb6e7d9 100644 --- a/2sa/06/12.md +++ b/2sa/06/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for # brought up The word "brought" can be translated as "took." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/13.md b/2sa/06/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/06/13.md +++ b/2sa/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/06/14.md b/2sa/06/14.md index 4875767a0e..4babb75fbe 100644 --- a/2sa/06/14.md +++ b/2sa/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Dancing here is a form of joyfully worshiping Yahweh. # linen a cloth made from fibers of the flax plant - diff --git a/2sa/06/15.md b/2sa/06/15.md index 356e8ef475..754217b8ef 100644 --- a/2sa/06/15.md +++ b/2sa/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the house of Israel Here "house" represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "all the other Israelites with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/16.md b/2sa/06/16.md index 7acb156e86..d3ccba1256 100644 --- a/2sa/06/16.md +++ b/2sa/06/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" represents thoughts or emotions. Alternate translation: "she looked # before Yahweh "to Yahweh" - diff --git a/2sa/06/17.md b/2sa/06/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/06/17.md +++ b/2sa/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/06/18.md b/2sa/06/18.md index 59dc3fbb2b..3ff326596c 100644 --- a/2sa/06/18.md +++ b/2sa/06/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he blessed the people in the name of Yahweh of hosts To bless "in the name of Yahweh of hosts" means to bless with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/19.md b/2sa/06/19.md index 6d921bc54d..175513bc4e 100644 --- a/2sa/06/19.md +++ b/2sa/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cake of raisins a baked sweet bread made with dried grapes - diff --git a/2sa/06/20.md b/2sa/06/20.md index 7103c4c2e6..98ec9933d6 100644 --- a/2sa/06/20.md +++ b/2sa/06/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "eyes of the slave girls" represents the slave girls. Alternate translation # crude fellows Michal is comparing David to vulgar and foolish men. - diff --git a/2sa/06/21.md b/2sa/06/21.md index 89e1609554..1102517fa4 100644 --- a/2sa/06/21.md +++ b/2sa/06/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "your" refers to Michal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # over the people of Yahweh, over Israel Here "the people of Yahweh" and "Israel" mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/22.md b/2sa/06/22.md index f1e5b985a2..af4fa79da1 100644 --- a/2sa/06/22.md +++ b/2sa/06/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "in my own eyes" represents what a person considers or thinks about somethi # But by these slave girls you have spoken about, I will be honored This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But the slave girls of whom you have spoken will honor me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/06/23.md b/2sa/06/23.md index d6688d3f7f..570c35f484 100644 --- a/2sa/06/23.md +++ b/2sa/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had no children to the day of her death "was never able to bear any children" - diff --git a/2sa/06/intro.md b/2sa/06/intro.md index f921ec36e6..5149f1f2db 100644 --- a/2sa/06/intro.md +++ b/2sa/06/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # 2 Samuel 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Bringing the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem -#### Bringing the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem David organized a procession with many musical instruments to bring the ark to Jerusalem. They put it on a cart; but when the oxen stumbled, Uzzah reached out to steady it so it would not fall. God killed him for touching the ark. David was angry at God for killing Uzzah and was afraid to bring the ark any further. Uzzah died because the ark was perfectly holy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) -#### Dancing -David danced for joy in front of the ark. His wife, Michal, criticized David for uncovering himself as he danced, but David did not care. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/joy]]) +### Dancing -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +David danced for joy in front of the ark. His wife, Michal, criticized David for uncovering himself as he danced, but David did not care. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/joy]]) + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Irony -#### Irony Michal criticized David by using irony: "How honored the king of Israel was today, who undressed himself today before the eyes of the slave girls among his servants, like one of the crude fellows who shamelessly undresses himself!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ Michal criticized David by using irony: "How honored the king of Israel was toda * __[2 Samuel 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/07/01.md b/2sa/07/01.md index aa98ef91e5..fcc57368b1 100644 --- a/2sa/07/01.md +++ b/2sa/07/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # given him rest from all his surrounding enemies "given him safety from all his surrounding enemies." Here "rest" is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: "caused the enemy people groups to stop attacking Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/02.md b/2sa/07/02.md index 4bf6540b4e..affd4e0957 100644 --- a/2sa/07/02.md +++ b/2sa/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Cedar is a kind of tree that is known for its strength. If you have an equivalen # the ark of God is staying in the middle of a tent Tents are temporary dwellings. If you do not have tents in your culture, you can word this differently. Alternate translation: "the ark of God is staying in a temporary place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/03.md b/2sa/07/03.md index 84805ebc66..e8e94b0ca8 100644 --- a/2sa/07/03.md +++ b/2sa/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents the mind. Alternate translation: "do what you think you # for Yahweh is with you Here "with you" means God is helping and blessing David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/04.md b/2sa/07/04.md index 474a920edd..15a69c09ff 100644 --- a/2sa/07/04.md +++ b/2sa/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to Nathan, saying: The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Nathan. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to Nathan:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/05.md b/2sa/07/05.md index 690cb90f5d..90a1ddde81 100644 --- a/2sa/07/05.md +++ b/2sa/07/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that David is not the one to build a house f # build me a house Here the word "house" means a temple. Later Yahweh will say that he will build a house for David, but there the word "house" means a family. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here. - diff --git a/2sa/07/06.md b/2sa/07/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/07/06.md +++ b/2sa/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/07/07.md b/2sa/07/07.md index 5a34b78ecb..70d362aea4 100644 --- a/2sa/07/07.md +++ b/2sa/07/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Those who are leaders of the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were shep # Why have you not built me a house of cedar? If Yahweh had asked the leaders this question, he would have been using a question to scold them for not building him a house of cedar. But, Yahweh said previously that he did not ask them this question. Alternate translation: "You should have built me a house of cedar." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/08.md b/2sa/07/08.md index c496b80795..bf87dafeb7 100644 --- a/2sa/07/08.md +++ b/2sa/07/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh is still telling the prophet Nathan what he should tell David. # I took you from the pasture David's job as a shepherd is referred to by the place he watched his sheep. Alternate translation: "I took you from your job as a shepherd" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/09.md b/2sa/07/09.md index bd8a92a1ff..b1f316e493 100644 --- a/2sa/07/09.md +++ b/2sa/07/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "name" represents a person's reputation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-me # the great ones The phrase "great ones" means famous persons. - diff --git a/2sa/07/10.md b/2sa/07/10.md index c78527276f..a52b3ec9ea 100644 --- a/2sa/07/10.md +++ b/2sa/07/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh causing the people to live in the land permanently and securely is spoken # be troubled no more This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will ever trouble them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/11.md b/2sa/07/11.md index 8a6dca1fa0..935e32d93d 100644 --- a/2sa/07/11.md +++ b/2sa/07/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated # Yahweh will make you a house Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [2 Samuel 7:4](../07/04.md) Yahweh asked David if he would be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:4. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/12.md b/2sa/07/12.md index d743aa0a35..74245f4e2a 100644 --- a/2sa/07/12.md +++ b/2sa/07/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom that means the person will be David's descendant. (See: [[rc:// # I will establish his kingdom Here "his kingdom" represents his power to rule. Alternate translation: "I will make him to be a very powerful king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/13.md b/2sa/07/13.md index 6841703a7f..d781edc84e 100644 --- a/2sa/07/13.md +++ b/2sa/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "a permanent dwelling for m # I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever Here "throne" represents the person's power to rule as king. Alternate translation: "I will make his rule over Israel to last forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/14.md b/2sa/07/14.md index eb897ae372..b26caa5c89 100644 --- a/2sa/07/14.md +++ b/2sa/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will be a father to him, and he will be my son The prophecy in 7:12-14 refers to Solomon, David's son. But, aspects of the prophecy will be fulfilled by Jesus. So, here it is best to translate the words "father" and "son" with your normal words for a biological father and son. - diff --git a/2sa/07/15.md b/2sa/07/15.md index ec649a2a3f..f4a1818f1c 100644 --- a/2sa/07/15.md +++ b/2sa/07/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "faithfulness" is an abstract noun that can be stated as "faithfully lo # from before you If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then here you may need to translate "you" as "David" or "him" or "his" as in the UDB. Alternate translation: "from before David. David's house ... before him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/16.md b/2sa/07/16.md index 8de06d5b44..3f903358b0 100644 --- a/2sa/07/16.md +++ b/2sa/07/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "house" represents David's descendants, who will rule as kings. He # Your throne will be established forever Here "throne" represents the power to rule as king. Alternate translation: "I will cause your descendants to rule over Israel forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/17.md b/2sa/07/17.md index eb1543dead..c4177e1d35 100644 --- a/2sa/07/17.md +++ b/2sa/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he told him about the entire vision "he told him about everything Yahweh revealed to him" - diff --git a/2sa/07/18.md b/2sa/07/18.md index 5a2c9f100c..491671c086 100644 --- a/2sa/07/18.md +++ b/2sa/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who am I, Lord Yahweh, and what is my family that you have brought me to this point? David asks this question to express the deep emotion he felt from hearing Yahweh's proclamation. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "My family and I are not worthy of this honor, Lord Yahweh." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/19.md b/2sa/07/19.md index 4c2132fa62..a72fe1dbaf 100644 --- a/2sa/07/19.md +++ b/2sa/07/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks about time as if it were something that travels and arrives somewher # your servant Here David refers to himself as "your servant." This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/20.md b/2sa/07/20.md index 0e6e0da8d0..b4d2351303 100644 --- a/2sa/07/20.md +++ b/2sa/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What more can I, David, say to you? David uses this question to emphasize that he has nothing left to say to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "There is nothing more I can say to you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/21.md b/2sa/07/21.md index 824a927e33..a44102f46b 100644 --- a/2sa/07/21.md +++ b/2sa/07/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # to your servant David refers to himself as "your servant." It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/22.md b/2sa/07/22.md index 84f637293b..6416dcf70d 100644 --- a/2sa/07/22.md +++ b/2sa/07/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "with our own ears" is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: "as # as we have heard Here "we" refers to David and the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/23.md b/2sa/07/23.md index 1ecac6af54..5e86a28cdd 100644 --- a/2sa/07/23.md +++ b/2sa/07/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "land" represents the people. Alternate translation: "for your people" (See # You drove out nations Here "nations" represents the people groups that were living in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/24.md b/2sa/07/24.md index 059e58997d..e348a8ff11 100644 --- a/2sa/07/24.md +++ b/2sa/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: David continues to talk to Yahweh. - diff --git a/2sa/07/25.md b/2sa/07/25.md index 586cb0b23f..36405d1cd4 100644 --- a/2sa/07/25.md +++ b/2sa/07/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may you do what you p # your servant and his family David is speaking about himself in the third person. This can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: "me and my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/26.md b/2sa/07/26.md index 46a65eda06..d08b2fcde1 100644 --- a/2sa/07/26.md +++ b/2sa/07/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" represents family. Alternate translation: "my family" (See: [[rc:// # is established before you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "is secure because of you" or "continues because of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/27.md b/2sa/07/27.md index bd2153d3cb..6747310acb 100644 --- a/2sa/07/27.md +++ b/2sa/07/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers # house Here "house" represents David's family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/28.md b/2sa/07/28.md index 9ae8d2dda9..b316029b53 100644 --- a/2sa/07/28.md +++ b/2sa/07/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the import # your words are trustworthy "I trust what you say" - diff --git a/2sa/07/29.md b/2sa/07/29.md index c680a55279..4c3fb38341 100644 --- a/2sa/07/29.md +++ b/2sa/07/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will continue to # your servant's house Here David refers to himself as "your servant." Alternate translation: "my house" or "my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2sa/07/intro.md b/2sa/07/intro.md index 28c5b4445e..a4a8ea14f9 100644 --- a/2sa/07/intro.md +++ b/2sa/07/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # 2 Samuel 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the finishing of a small interruption about the house of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/houseofgod]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter David wanted to honor God by building him a temple. God told David that he would not build it, but his son would build it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -#### Covenant of David +### Covenant of David + God made a covenant with David that was not conditioned upon anything David or his descendants did. God promised that one of David's descendants would rule Israel forever. Because Israel would not have a king in the future, this promise did not begin at this time. The descendant, who would rule forever, is Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ God made a covenant with David that was not conditioned upon anything David or h * __[2 Samuel 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/08/01.md b/2sa/08/01.md index 81d465008c..2e357e48f2 100644 --- a/2sa/08/01.md +++ b/2sa/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David defeated Here "David" represents his soldiers. Alternate translation: "David and his soldiers attacked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/02.md b/2sa/08/02.md index 902c5c9650..e08712285c 100644 --- a/2sa/08/02.md +++ b/2sa/08/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "he" refers to David who represents his soldiers. Alternate translation: "T # measured their men with a line ... He measured off two lines to put to death, and one full line to keep alive Here the "line" is a "rope." David had the soldiers lie down on the ground to be measured and sorted into three groups. The men in two groups were killed, and in the third, they were allowed to live. - diff --git a/2sa/08/03.md b/2sa/08/03.md index 6ce1f62fa4..5029d9a453 100644 --- a/2sa/08/03.md +++ b/2sa/08/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a region in Aram. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names # to recover his rule "to regain control over a region" or "to recapture a region" - diff --git a/2sa/08/04.md b/2sa/08/04.md index 4b16a854eb..d10a53555f 100644 --- a/2sa/08/04.md +++ b/2sa/08/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a practice where the tendons in the backs of the legs are cut so that th # a hundred chariots "100 chariots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/05.md b/2sa/08/05.md index 1b37d755f6..a4025770d6 100644 --- a/2sa/08/05.md +++ b/2sa/08/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here David represents his soldiers. Alternate translation: "David and his soldie # twenty-two thousand Aramean men "22,000 Aramean men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/06.md b/2sa/08/06.md index 884381144d..faa710a506 100644 --- a/2sa/08/06.md +++ b/2sa/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # put garrisons in Aram "ordered large groups of his soldiers to remain in Aram" - diff --git a/2sa/08/07.md b/2sa/08/07.md index 256ff92ba6..88b475f7c7 100644 --- a/2sa/08/07.md +++ b/2sa/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David took Here "David" is probably a metonym for his soldiers. Alternate translation: "David's soldiers took" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/08.md b/2sa/08/08.md index 68247c62c9..517ccd76cb 100644 --- a/2sa/08/08.md +++ b/2sa/08/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "David" is probably a metonym for his soldiers. Alternate translation: "Kin # Tebah and Berothai These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/09.md b/2sa/08/09.md index c95cb077a2..0413582145 100644 --- a/2sa/08/09.md +++ b/2sa/08/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # David had defeated Here "David" is a metonym for his army. Alternate translation: "David's army had defeated" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/10.md b/2sa/08/10.md index cb3aabf74c..bcf9917c5b 100644 --- a/2sa/08/10.md +++ b/2sa/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tou ... Hadoram These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/11.md b/2sa/08/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/08/11.md +++ b/2sa/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/08/12.md b/2sa/08/12.md index b45c2d2107..c9b6d32c49 100644 --- a/2sa/08/12.md +++ b/2sa/08/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the valuable items that soldiers take from the people they defeated. # Hadadezer son of Rehob, the king of Zobah See how you translated these names in [2 Samuel 8:3](../08/03.md). - diff --git a/2sa/08/13.md b/2sa/08/13.md index 11018274d2..4d2a79fd22 100644 --- a/2sa/08/13.md +++ b/2sa/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. Its exact location is unknown. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # eighteen thousand men "18,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/14.md b/2sa/08/14.md index ef6ce5dfed..4b66572530 100644 --- a/2sa/08/14.md +++ b/2sa/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He placed garrisons throughout all of Edom "He ordered groups of his soldiers to remain in areas throughout all of Edom" - diff --git a/2sa/08/15.md b/2sa/08/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/08/15.md +++ b/2sa/08/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/08/16.md b/2sa/08/16.md index 4e8ecb30af..278403c814 100644 --- a/2sa/08/16.md +++ b/2sa/08/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A recorder was a person who spoke to the people and told them the king's announc # Ahilud This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/17.md b/2sa/08/17.md index 4900046c04..1aa3e17276 100644 --- a/2sa/08/17.md +++ b/2sa/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahitub ... Ahimelek ... Seraiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/08/18.md b/2sa/08/18.md index c1aacfc9eb..e6143678a0 100644 --- a/2sa/08/18.md +++ b/2sa/08/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of people-groups. These people were David's bodyguards. (See: [[ # the priests They were probably officials who advised David on matters to do with the kingdom and not involved in temple worship. - diff --git a/2sa/08/intro.md b/2sa/08/intro.md index a9bc8998d7..2bb4b16aa2 100644 --- a/2sa/08/intro.md +++ b/2sa/08/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Samuel 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter returns to the theme of the expansion of David's kingdom. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God enabled victory -#### God enabled victory God enabled David to conquer all the surrounding nations. Much of the loot and tribute David received, he saved for the temple that his son would build. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God enabled David to conquer all the surrounding nations. Much of the loot and t * __[2 Samuel 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/09/01.md b/2sa/09/01.md index ef3e3e0fd7..0aeae19243 100644 --- a/2sa/09/01.md +++ b/2sa/09/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jonathan's sake Jonathan was Saul's son and David's best friend. - diff --git a/2sa/09/02.md b/2sa/09/02.md index 124cebe6b4..4b14f69c39 100644 --- a/2sa/09/02.md +++ b/2sa/09/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # I am your servant Ziba calls himself "your servant" to show great respect to David. - diff --git a/2sa/09/03.md b/2sa/09/03.md index 9bb1d85ecb..795d4cdcfc 100644 --- a/2sa/09/03.md +++ b/2sa/09/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "kindness" can be stated as "kind." Alternate translation: "I # who is lame in his feet "whose feet are damaged." The word "feet" here refers to the ability to walk. Alternate translation: "who is unable to walk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/09/04.md b/2sa/09/04.md index 51ff2ba632..6d0dcbb640 100644 --- a/2sa/09/04.md +++ b/2sa/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Lo Debar This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/09/05.md b/2sa/09/05.md index a38734c051..92c797286a 100644 --- a/2sa/09/05.md +++ b/2sa/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # King David sent It is understood that David sent messengers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/09/06.md b/2sa/09/06.md index d4d074046c..0bc1ad4724 100644 --- a/2sa/09/06.md +++ b/2sa/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "came" can be translated as "went." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go] # I am your servant Mephibosheth refers to himself as "your servant" to show great honor to David. - diff --git a/2sa/09/07.md b/2sa/09/07.md index 99b42f20ad..669fab937b 100644 --- a/2sa/09/07.md +++ b/2sa/09/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will always eat at my table Here "my table" represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate translation: "you will always eat with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/09/08.md b/2sa/09/08.md index 39de562e7f..2118f3995d 100644 --- a/2sa/09/08.md +++ b/2sa/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question shows that Mephibosheth understands that he is not impo # such a dead dog Here Mephibosheth represents the line of Saul, and he compares himself to a "dead dog." Dogs were feral animals, not cared for, and of little importance. A dead dog would be considered even less important. Alternate translation: "such a person like me who is worthless as a dead dog" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/09/09.md b/2sa/09/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/09/09.md +++ b/2sa/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/09/10.md b/2sa/09/10.md index 9e89dfac94..5e6f20a717 100644 --- a/2sa/09/10.md +++ b/2sa/09/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "now" makes a stop in the main story. The narrator gives background informa # fifteen sons and twenty servants "15 sons and 20 servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/09/11.md b/2sa/09/11.md index 3eb99b63d2..d8377c769b 100644 --- a/2sa/09/11.md +++ b/2sa/09/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your servant will do all that my master the king commands his servant Ziba refers to himself as "your servant" and refers to David as "my master." Alternate translation: "I, your servant will do all that you, my king, command me to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2sa/09/12.md b/2sa/09/12.md index f86c942272..1cad8ab85b 100644 --- a/2sa/09/12.md +++ b/2sa/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of the son of Mephibosheth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # All who lived in the house of Ziba Here "house" represents Ziba's family. Alternate translation: "All of Ziba's family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/09/13.md b/2sa/09/13.md index 40acca2d4d..26e6f8876b 100644 --- a/2sa/09/13.md +++ b/2sa/09/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "table" represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating wit # though he was lame in both his feet "thouge both of his feet were damaged." Here "feet" represents the ability to walk. Alternate translation: "though he was unable to walk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/09/intro.md b/2sa/09/intro.md index 6550e0b562..ce4c0ad043 100644 --- a/2sa/09/intro.md +++ b/2sa/09/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 2 Samuel 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is another interruption to the story of David expanding his kingdom. David is concerned with fulfilling his oath to Jonathan's descendants. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David's vow -#### David's vow David determined to fulfill his vow to Jonathan to care for Jonathan's descendants. He found Jonathan's son and told him he would treat him as if he was one of his sons. He restored all of Saul's property to him and had him eat every day at the king's table. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical question and metaphor -#### Rhetorical question and metaphor Jonathan's son expressed his surprise and feeling of unworthiness with a rhetorical question: "What is your servant, that you should look with favor on such a dead dog as I am?" and by a metaphor comparing himself to "a dead dog." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Jonathan's son expressed his surprise and feeling of unworthiness with a rhetori * __[2 Samuel 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/10/01.md b/2sa/10/01.md index 7e5de6ae3a..93cadb87cd 100644 --- a/2sa/10/01.md +++ b/2sa/10/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hanun This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/02.md b/2sa/10/02.md index ba0f484e3f..07b0c16e08 100644 --- a/2sa/10/02.md +++ b/2sa/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hanun ... Nahash These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/03.md b/2sa/10/03.md index 17f5f5e945..e6612eb069 100644 --- a/2sa/10/03.md +++ b/2sa/10/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "it" refers to the city which represents the people who live there. Alterna # the city Here "the city" refers to Rabbah, the capital city of the Ammonites. - diff --git a/2sa/10/04.md b/2sa/10/04.md index 368e4267c5..69ff97671a 100644 --- a/2sa/10/04.md +++ b/2sa/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # shaved off half their beards This act was meant as an insult to humiliate the men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/05.md b/2sa/10/05.md index aa5820f528..d0d4028f5d 100644 --- a/2sa/10/05.md +++ b/2sa/10/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "deeply" is an idiom that means "very." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idi # then return It is understood that they should return to Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/06.md b/2sa/10/06.md index d34b8adc8d..413a2f866e 100644 --- a/2sa/10/06.md +++ b/2sa/10/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twenty thousand ... a thousand ... twelve thousand "20,000 ... 1,000 ... 12,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/07.md b/2sa/10/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/10/07.md +++ b/2sa/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/10/08.md b/2sa/10/08.md index d372cd2ac3..78845c80b7 100644 --- a/2sa/10/08.md +++ b/2sa/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to their city gate Here "the city" refers to Rabbah, the capital city of the Ammonites. - diff --git a/2sa/10/09.md b/2sa/10/09.md index 680caf8e44..db19beea5f 100644 --- a/2sa/10/09.md +++ b/2sa/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The battle with the Arameans and Ammon continues. - diff --git a/2sa/10/10.md b/2sa/10/10.md index e81ad5b540..7029865835 100644 --- a/2sa/10/10.md +++ b/2sa/10/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The rest of his people he put into the hand of Abishai his brother "He put Abishai his brother in charge of the rest of the army" - diff --git a/2sa/10/11.md b/2sa/10/11.md index 0dce09da5b..c59b45c8de 100644 --- a/2sa/10/11.md +++ b/2sa/10/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joab gets the army ready for battle. # for me, then you, Abishai, must rescue me Here "me" refers to Joab. Joab and Abishai represents themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: "for us, then you, Abishai, and your army must rescue us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/12.md b/2sa/10/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/10/12.md +++ b/2sa/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/10/13.md b/2sa/10/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/10/13.md +++ b/2sa/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/10/14.md b/2sa/10/14.md index 57b072a241..f2be3b1205 100644 --- a/2sa/10/14.md +++ b/2sa/10/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the city" refers to Rabbah, the capital city of the Ammonites. # went back to Jerusalem "returned to Jerusalem" - diff --git a/2sa/10/15.md b/2sa/10/15.md index 0faba2733e..b53490f42d 100644 --- a/2sa/10/15.md +++ b/2sa/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When the Arameans saw that they were being defeated by Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the Arameans realized that the Israelites were defeating them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/16.md b/2sa/10/16.md index 3ad1e04c41..e22f41ee91 100644 --- a/2sa/10/16.md +++ b/2sa/10/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "came to" can be translated as "went to" or "gathered at" (See: [[rc://en/t # Helam This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/17.md b/2sa/10/17.md index 00da76a039..ffd5fcc7c5 100644 --- a/2sa/10/17.md +++ b/2sa/10/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md). # against David and fought him Here David represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: "against David and his soldiers and fought them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/18.md b/2sa/10/18.md index 601628e6d0..6e5df9e1a7 100644 --- a/2sa/10/18.md +++ b/2sa/10/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Israelites wounde # Shobak See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md). - diff --git a/2sa/10/19.md b/2sa/10/19.md index 44a738d688..871ea2d641 100644 --- a/2sa/10/19.md +++ b/2sa/10/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md). # saw that they were defeated by Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "realized that the Israelites had defeated them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/10/intro.md b/2sa/10/intro.md index 2aee767f98..bc3114fc55 100644 --- a/2sa/10/intro.md +++ b/2sa/10/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 2 Samuel 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The chapter records the last expansion of David's kingdom. This chapter is also the beginning of a section dealing with the war between Israel and Ammon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Shame -#### Shame It was apparently the cause of shame or embarrassment in ancient Ammon to have their beards shaved off or to have their garments cut off. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor The Ammon people used a metaphor comparing themselves to a bad smell: "they had become a stench to David" when they realized they had made David very angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ The Ammon people used a metaphor comparing themselves to a bad smell: "they had * __[2 Samuel 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/11/01.md b/2sa/11/01.md index f16faa52fe..d250951298 100644 --- a/2sa/11/01.md +++ b/2sa/11/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ David sent them out to war. This can be stated clearly. Also, the word "his" ref # Rabbah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/02.md b/2sa/11/02.md index cf628fc06a..427639c6a5 100644 --- a/2sa/11/02.md +++ b/2sa/11/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a woman who was bathing The woman was not on the roof, she would have been bathing outside in the courtyard of her house. Alternate translation: "a woman who was bathing in the courtyard of her house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/03.md b/2sa/11/03.md index 41a4d2ac04..3032a98982 100644 --- a/2sa/11/03.md +++ b/2sa/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David was trying to find out who the woman was. The word "he" refers to David, b # Is not this Bathsheba ... and is she not the wife of Uriah the Hittite? This question gives information and can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "This is Bathsheba ... and she is the wife of Uriah the Hittite." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/04.md b/2sa/11/04.md index 814aa2da4c..bf5fbc1d60 100644 --- a/2sa/11/04.md +++ b/2sa/11/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with her. You may ne # uncleanness The Israelites considered a woman unclean when she was bleeding from her womb, and she needed to wash herself after the bleeding stopped. The bath she was taking in [1 Samuel 11:2](../11/02.md) may have been this ritual bath. - diff --git a/2sa/11/05.md b/2sa/11/05.md index d7fcba6613..f66740a7cf 100644 --- a/2sa/11/05.md +++ b/2sa/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she sent and told David; she said, "I am pregnant." Here the word "sent" means that she sent a messenger to tell David that she was pregnant. Alternate translation: "she sent a messenger to David, and the messenger told David that she was pregnant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/06.md b/2sa/11/06.md index 0e9055d24a..195d5a2b9e 100644 --- a/2sa/11/06.md +++ b/2sa/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then David sent Here the word "sent" means that David sent a messenger. Alternate translation: "Then David sent a messenger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/07.md b/2sa/11/07.md index 6b7a80bdf3..a39bb76de2 100644 --- a/2sa/11/07.md +++ b/2sa/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # how Joab was, how the army was doing, and how the war was going David was asking if Joab and the army were well and about the progress of the war. Alternate translation: "if Joab was well, if other soldiers were well, and how the war was progressing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/08.md b/2sa/11/08.md index 61109813f5..331108acb2 100644 --- a/2sa/11/08.md +++ b/2sa/11/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is a metonym for returning home to rest for the night after working # the king sent a gift for Uriah David sent someone to bring the gift to Uriah. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the king sent someone to take a gift to Uriah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/09.md b/2sa/11/09.md index 06c9cf07b7..97979ab9ad 100644 --- a/2sa/11/09.md +++ b/2sa/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his master The word "his" refers to Uriah and the word "master" refers to David. - diff --git a/2sa/11/10.md b/2sa/11/10.md index 6152f5882c..141086762e 100644 --- a/2sa/11/10.md +++ b/2sa/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Have you not come from a journey? Why did you not go down to your house? This rhetorical question is used to show David's surprise that Uriah did not visit his wife. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "After coming from such a long journey, you should have gone down to your house." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/11.md b/2sa/11/11.md index 71c2a420a8..a9eaa926c0 100644 --- a/2sa/11/11.md +++ b/2sa/11/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "to have sexual relations with my wi # As sure as you are alive, I will not do this Uriah swears a strong promise that he will not go home to his wife as long as the rest of the soldiers are at war. He makes this promise by comparing the truth of his promise to the certainty that the king was alive. Alternate translation: "I solemnly promise that I will not do this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/12.md b/2sa/11/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/11/12.md +++ b/2sa/11/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/11/13.md b/2sa/11/13.md index 4ff9238609..331742afe4 100644 --- a/2sa/11/13.md +++ b/2sa/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # down to his house Possible meanings of the word "down" are 1) Uriah's house was located at a lower elevation than the king's palace or 2) Uriah's house was of lesser importance than the king's palace. See how you translated the similar phrase "down to your house" in [2 Samuel 11:8](../11/08.md). Alternate translation: "to his house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/14.md b/2sa/11/14.md index 3b0124f60b..664feb4e06 100644 --- a/2sa/11/14.md +++ b/2sa/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sent it by the hand of Uriah The phrase "the hand of Uriah" refers to Uriah himself. Alternate translation: "sent Uriah himself to deliver it to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/15.md b/2sa/11/15.md index 6c3bf92ad6..675b2859fe 100644 --- a/2sa/11/15.md +++ b/2sa/11/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he may be hit and die "he may be wounded and die" - diff --git a/2sa/11/16.md b/2sa/11/16.md index 734a73c5e5..13aa0dc17d 100644 --- a/2sa/11/16.md +++ b/2sa/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the siege upon the city The word "siege" can be expressed with the verbs "surround" and "attack." Alternate translation: "his army surround and attack the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/17.md b/2sa/11/17.md index f9a965ffaf..a94506d7c0 100644 --- a/2sa/11/17.md +++ b/2sa/11/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "fell" is a polite way to refer to the soldiers being killed. Alternate # and Uriah the Hittite was also killed there This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "including Uriah the Hittite" or "and the men of the city also killed Uriah the Hittite" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/18.md b/2sa/11/18.md index 5d4f65967a..1f6969067a 100644 --- a/2sa/11/18.md +++ b/2sa/11/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joab sent word to David The phrase "sent word" means that he sent a messenger to give a report. Alternate translation: "Joab sent a messenger to David to give a report" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/19.md b/2sa/11/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/11/19.md +++ b/2sa/11/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/11/20.md b/2sa/11/20.md index ade34804e7..2886b30cbb 100644 --- a/2sa/11/20.md +++ b/2sa/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joab says that David may rebuke him by asking these rhetorical questions. These # shoot from the wall This refers to men of the city shooting arrows down at their enemy from the top of the city wall. Alternate translation: "shoot arrows at you from the top of the city wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/21.md b/2sa/11/21.md index db6cd66f78..606e80ac2b 100644 --- a/2sa/11/21.md +++ b/2sa/11/21.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Why did you go so near the wall? Joab says that David may rebuke him by asking these rhetorical questions. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not have gone so near the wall!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/22.md b/2sa/11/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/11/22.md +++ b/2sa/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/11/23.md b/2sa/11/23.md index 831f048dcd..b735a30a71 100644 --- a/2sa/11/23.md +++ b/2sa/11/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the gate "the city gate" - diff --git a/2sa/11/24.md b/2sa/11/24.md index 1ef079e68a..5444f01459 100644 --- a/2sa/11/24.md +++ b/2sa/11/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they killed some of t # your servant Uriah the Hittite was killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they killed your servant Uriah the Hittite" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/25.md b/2sa/11/25.md index c307771535..047a170ebe 100644 --- a/2sa/11/25.md +++ b/2sa/11/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the sword" refers to a person who kills someone with sword. Also, killing # Make your battle even stronger "Fight even stronger" - diff --git a/2sa/11/26.md b/2sa/11/26.md index 866d4401a8..825c899e7b 100644 --- a/2sa/11/26.md +++ b/2sa/11/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she lamented deeply Here the author speaks of her lamenting very much as if it were deep inside her. Alternate translation: "she lamented very much" or "she lamented greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/11/27.md b/2sa/11/27.md index 5fba90eb71..c37c702d9e 100644 --- a/2sa/11/27.md +++ b/2sa/11/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "sent" means that he sent a messenger to get her and bring her to # displeased Yahweh "saddened Yahweh" or "angered Yahweh" - diff --git a/2sa/11/intro.md b/2sa/11/intro.md index 8942166462..a5b421ce3f 100644 --- a/2sa/11/intro.md +++ b/2sa/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Samuel 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter begins a new section of David's life. God punished David by allowing his family to have many problems. +This chapter begins a new section of David's life. God punished David by allowing his family to have many problems. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David's adultery and the murder of Uriah -#### David's adultery and the murder of Uriah The army of Israel defeated the army of Ammon and then they besieged Ammon's capital while David stayed in Jerusalem. One day, David saw a beautiful woman, named Bathsheba, bathing. He committed adultery with her. When she became pregnant, David tried to cover up his sin. When this did not work, he had her husband killed in battle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The army of Israel defeated the army of Ammon and then they besieged Ammon's cap * __[2 Samuel 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/12/01.md b/2sa/12/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/12/01.md +++ b/2sa/12/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/12/02.md b/2sa/12/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/12/02.md +++ b/2sa/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/12/03.md b/2sa/12/03.md index 4da73855aa..f9f7a0dcda 100644 --- a/2sa/12/03.md +++ b/2sa/12/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a female lamb # was like a daughter to him This refers to the closeness of this man and his little lamb. Alternate translation: "he loved it as much as if it were one of his daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/04.md b/2sa/12/04.md index 1928460cbe..ecef9da171 100644 --- a/2sa/12/04.md +++ b/2sa/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a young, female sheep # for his visitor It was for his visitor to eat. Alternate translation: "for his visitor to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/05.md b/2sa/12/05.md index fee9d3a3e5..e628b5a35e 100644 --- a/2sa/12/05.md +++ b/2sa/12/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This expresses that David was swearing an oath or serious promise. Alternate tra # to be put to death This means to be killed. Also, that can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to be killed" or "to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/06.md b/2sa/12/06.md index 5fe5635fbb..d960c3fa4b 100644 --- a/2sa/12/06.md +++ b/2sa/12/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The amount the rich man was required to pay back to the poor man was to be four # pity to feel sadness and love for someone who is suffering or hurt or not loved - diff --git a/2sa/12/07.md b/2sa/12/07.md index e78c2c8202..e080a582f4 100644 --- a/2sa/12/07.md +++ b/2sa/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # out of the hand of Saul Here the word "hand" refers to control. Alternate translation: "out of Saul's control" or "from Saul's control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/08.md b/2sa/12/08.md index 4f9886372b..99bf29e7ed 100644 --- a/2sa/12/08.md +++ b/2sa/12/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of how he gave David his authority as king over Israel and Ju # if that had been too little "if I had not given you enough" - diff --git a/2sa/12/09.md b/2sa/12/09.md index 0f910a4a6b..d3ed3796ab 100644 --- a/2sa/12/09.md +++ b/2sa/12/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in bat # You killed him with the sword of the army of Ammon David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle when Israel was fighting against Ammon. The phrase "with the sword" refers to how he died in battle. Alternate translation: "You arranged for him to die in battle against the army of Ammon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/10.md b/2sa/12/10.md index c0e5bae4db..f25b427dac 100644 --- a/2sa/12/10.md +++ b/2sa/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sword will never leave your house Here the word "sword" refers to people dying in war. Also, David's "house" refers to his descendants. Alternate translation: "some of your descendants will always die in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/11.md b/2sa/12/11.md index fb75f76481..d3d0a6d913 100644 --- a/2sa/12/11.md +++ b/2sa/12/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "he will have sexual relations with # in broad daylight "in full daylight." The idea of doing something "openly" or in a way that people are fully aware of what is happening is often spoken about as being done in the "daylight." Alternate translation: "openly" or "and everyone will see what is happening" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/12.md b/2sa/12/12.md index c1af14a880..199e233d9f 100644 --- a/2sa/12/12.md +++ b/2sa/12/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # before all Israel This phrase speaks of the people of Israel knowing about what has happened to his wives as if they all actually witnessed it happening. Alternate translation: "before all the people of Israel" or "and all the people of Israel will know about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/13.md b/2sa/12/13.md index 3ad874c763..4681f718d4 100644 --- a/2sa/12/13.md +++ b/2sa/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh has forgiven David of his sin. This is spoken of here as Yahweh passing o # You will not be killed This can be stated in active form. Sometimes men died because of their sins, but he will not die because of his sin with the woman. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "You will not die" or "you will not die because of this sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/14.md b/2sa/12/14.md index a62df68e4c..1f4cab0a36 100644 --- a/2sa/12/14.md +++ b/2sa/12/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ to strongly dislike or hate someone or something # the child who is born to you The phrase "born to you" means that it is David's baby. Alternate translation: "your child who will be born" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/15.md b/2sa/12/15.md index f65a1856c9..2dc6af9dac 100644 --- a/2sa/12/15.md +++ b/2sa/12/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author speaks of Yahweh causing the baby to become sick as Yahweh attac # the child that Uriah's wife bore to David This means that she gave birth to a child and that David was his father. Alternate translation: "David's child, who Uriah's wife gave birth to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/16.md b/2sa/12/16.md index ea96cf11b2..4a5ee72f1b 100644 --- a/2sa/12/16.md +++ b/2sa/12/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ to beg or pray with strong desire # went inside David went into his room when he was alone. Alternate translation: "went inside his room" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/17.md b/2sa/12/17.md index b191a9cf5d..373ad000a2 100644 --- a/2sa/12/17.md +++ b/2sa/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to raise him up from the floor "and urged him to get up from the floor" - diff --git a/2sa/12/18.md b/2sa/12/18.md index c9bf4ce679..550912b282 100644 --- a/2sa/12/18.md +++ b/2sa/12/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is used to get people's attention. Alternate translation: "Listen" # What might he do to himself if we tell him that the boy is dead?! The servants ask this rhetorical question to express their fear. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "We are afraid that he may harm himself if we tell him that the boy is dead!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/19.md b/2sa/12/19.md index 53df54b302..8e1166b4eb 100644 --- a/2sa/12/19.md +++ b/2sa/12/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # David realized "David understood" - diff --git a/2sa/12/20.md b/2sa/12/20.md index 4e9e3feaa2..5600644bb2 100644 --- a/2sa/12/20.md +++ b/2sa/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David arose "David got up" - diff --git a/2sa/12/21.md b/2sa/12/21.md index c1b64a1f64..9a0929656a 100644 --- a/2sa/12/21.md +++ b/2sa/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses contain rhetorical questions that emphasize that David realizes that Yahweh has allowed this to happen. - diff --git a/2sa/12/22.md b/2sa/12/22.md index 8bab4fecc5..24b7e836ac 100644 --- a/2sa/12/22.md +++ b/2sa/12/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who knows whether or not Yahweh will be gracious to me, that the child may live? David asked this rhetorical question to empathize that no one knew if Yahweh would let the child live. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one knows whether or not Yahweh will be gracious to me so that the child may live." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/23.md b/2sa/12/23.md index 32d8029800..6fd6861ab1 100644 --- a/2sa/12/23.md +++ b/2sa/12/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David asks this rhetorical question to empathize that the boy cannot come back t # I will go to him David implies that he will go to where his child is when he dies. Alternate translation: "When I die I will go to where he is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/24.md b/2sa/12/24.md index 50b3948fbd..ec464f9c9c 100644 --- a/2sa/12/24.md +++ b/2sa/12/24.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # lay with her -This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "had sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) +This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "had sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) diff --git a/2sa/12/25.md b/2sa/12/25.md index bf834c8fa7..82cc5d4370 100644 --- a/2sa/12/25.md +++ b/2sa/12/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "word" refers to a message that Yahweh told Nathan to tell David. Alternate # Jedidiah This is another name for David's son Solomon, which Yahweh chose for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/26.md b/2sa/12/26.md index 52783d5b7f..082a8d6764 100644 --- a/2sa/12/26.md +++ b/2sa/12/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author says "Joab" but he is referring to Joab and his soldiers who fou # Rabbah Fighting against this city literally means to fight against the people of Rabbah. Translate the name the same as you did in [2 Samuel 11:1](../11/01.md). Alternate translation: "the people of Rabbah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/27.md b/2sa/12/27.md index 087b0a758c..fee3489e52 100644 --- a/2sa/12/27.md +++ b/2sa/12/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I have fought ... I have taken Here Joab speaks of himself when he is actually referring to himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: "My soldiers and I have fought ... my soldier and I have taken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/28.md b/2sa/12/28.md index 9fb87f5dca..8d31f412da 100644 --- a/2sa/12/28.md +++ b/2sa/12/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to surround and attack. Alternate translation: "besiege" or "surround # it will be named This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will name it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/29.md b/2sa/12/29.md index 88125a7a96..7f624f5d91 100644 --- a/2sa/12/29.md +++ b/2sa/12/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he fought Here the author speaks of David when he is actually referring to David and his soldiers. Alternate translation: "David and his soldiers fought" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/30.md b/2sa/12/30.md index 152543ca0d..104c6ec43e 100644 --- a/2sa/12/30.md +++ b/2sa/12/30.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ valuable things taken from a defeated enemy # large quantities "large amounts" - diff --git a/2sa/12/31.md b/2sa/12/31.md index 92097df93c..faef502d33 100644 --- a/2sa/12/31.md +++ b/2sa/12/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ ovens where bricks are dried and hardened # all the cities of the people of Ammon This refers to the people in the cities. Alternate translation: "all the people of the cites of Ammon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/12/intro.md b/2sa/12/intro.md index 9d0512d863..9348356e92 100644 --- a/2sa/12/intro.md +++ b/2sa/12/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # 2 Samuel 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the final expansion of David's kingdom and records the end of the war with Ammon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David's punishment -#### David's punishment God sent a prophet to confront David. He said that because David had Uriah killed, there would always be killing in his family and that the baby conceived with Bathsheba would die. David prayed that the baby be allowed to live, but the infant died. Bathsheba then had another son, who was named Solomon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) + ## Links: * __[2 Samuel 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/13/01.md b/2sa/13/01.md index 6c54fa3ad0..ee8dae591f 100644 --- a/2sa/13/01.md +++ b/2sa/13/01.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ Absalom, Amnon, and Tamar had all been born before the events in [1 Samuel 11-12 # Absalom ... had a beautiful sister whose name was Tamar, and ... Amnon loved her. -The writer is introducing the people that the following account is about. Absalom ([1 Samuel 3:2](../03/02.md)) is introduced first because the larger account, through 2 Samuel 19, is about him. Tamar and Amnon ([1 Samuel 3:2](../03/02.md)) are not as important to the larger account and so are introduced after Absalom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-intro]]) \ No newline at end of file +The writer is introducing the people that the following account is about. Absalom ([1 Samuel 3:2](../03/02.md)) is introduced first because the larger account, through 2 Samuel 19, is about him. Tamar and Amnon ([1 Samuel 3:2](../03/02.md)) are not as important to the larger account and so are introduced after Absalom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-intro]]) diff --git a/2sa/13/02.md b/2sa/13/02.md index 9b9c67e6d8..f6bb2c20ed 100644 --- a/2sa/13/02.md +++ b/2sa/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amnon was so frustrated that he became sick because of his sister Tamar Amnon was frustrated because he desired to sleep with his sister Tamar. Alternate translation: "Amnon was so frustrated with desire for his sister Tamar that he felt sick" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/03.md b/2sa/13/03.md index faf2308f5b..c86eaa1605 100644 --- a/2sa/13/03.md +++ b/2sa/13/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. Shimeah was David's brother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # shrewd crafty or deceptive - diff --git a/2sa/13/04.md b/2sa/13/04.md index a671f15f41..f1752030a8 100644 --- a/2sa/13/04.md +++ b/2sa/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ in an emotional state of extreme unhappiness # Will you not tell me? It is understood that he is asking him about his depression, which can be stated clearly. Also, this rhetorical question is a request for Jehonadab to tell him why he is depressed. It may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Will you not tell me why you are depressed?" or "Please, tell me why you are depressed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/05.md b/2sa/13/05.md index 192410b49a..f4d1eb852e 100644 --- a/2sa/13/05.md +++ b/2sa/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 13:3](../13/03.md). # eat it from her hand This is probably a request for her to serve food to him personally. He probably did not want her to put the food in his mouth. Alternate translation: "have her serve it to me herself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/06.md b/2sa/13/06.md index 4c759cbcdb..9f30c72b69 100644 --- a/2sa/13/06.md +++ b/2sa/13/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means he gave a false appearance of being ill. # for my sickness in front of me The food is not for his sickness, but rather it is for him, because he is sick. The phrase "in front of me" is a request for Tamar to prepare the food in his presence. Alternate translation: "in front of me because I am sick" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/07.md b/2sa/13/07.md index 1b95284bad..031b1584b7 100644 --- a/2sa/13/07.md +++ b/2sa/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David sent word This means that he sent a messenger to speak to Tamar. Alternate translation: "David sent a messenger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/08.md b/2sa/13/08.md index 75c9072482..35d3e8f247 100644 --- a/2sa/13/08.md +++ b/2sa/13/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ used her hands to mix the dough # in his sight This means that Tamar made the bread in front of him. Alternate translation: "in front of him" or "in his presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/09.md b/2sa/13/09.md index 823cad8373..1ec74025a3 100644 --- a/2sa/13/09.md +++ b/2sa/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So everyone went out from him To "go out from someone" means to leave them. Alternate translation: "So everyone left him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/10.md b/2sa/13/10.md index e8d6133ce8..96cc447aa7 100644 --- a/2sa/13/10.md +++ b/2sa/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that I may eat from your hand This is a request for Tamar to serve the food to him personally. Alternate translation: "and serve it to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/11.md b/2sa/13/11.md index 1703545f8e..11d95c2f9c 100644 --- a/2sa/13/11.md +++ b/2sa/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lie with me This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "have sexual relations with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/12.md b/2sa/13/12.md index 7d68bbd5ef..6fc83ce3ee 100644 --- a/2sa/13/12.md +++ b/2sa/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not force me She does not want him to force her to have sexual relations with him. Alternate translation: "do not force me to have sexual relations with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/13.md b/2sa/13/13.md index 748447379e..ccee6c6bf7 100644 --- a/2sa/13/13.md +++ b/2sa/13/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Tamar continues to talk to Amnon. # How could I be rid of my shame? Tamar asks this rhetorical question to emphasize how much shame she would have if she slept with him. Tamar speaks of getting rid of her shame as if it were an enemy or a tormentor that she needed to escape from. Alternate translation: "If you do this, I would have to endure shame everywhere I go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/14.md b/2sa/13/14.md index 8e1dbee466..48b6b5fd46 100644 --- a/2sa/13/14.md +++ b/2sa/13/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he lay with her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "he had sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/15.md b/2sa/13/15.md index c82d477982..f0a21290ab 100644 --- a/2sa/13/15.md +++ b/2sa/13/15.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ The repetition of the ideas of hate and love here emphasize that his feelings ha # love ... loved her -You may need to make explicit that the words "love" and "loved" here refer only to sexual desire. Alternate translation: "had desired her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) \ No newline at end of file +You may need to make explicit that the words "love" and "loved" here refer only to sexual desire. Alternate translation: "had desired her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) diff --git a/2sa/13/16.md b/2sa/13/16.md index 93cbc39d8e..5ece41b54d 100644 --- a/2sa/13/16.md +++ b/2sa/13/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Because this great evil of making me leave is even worse The abstract noun "this great evil" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "It would be very evil to make me leave! It would be even worse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/17.md b/2sa/13/17.md index bf5ce6e619..96f02cc8ec 100644 --- a/2sa/13/17.md +++ b/2sa/13/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bolt the door after her This means to lock the door so that she will not be able to come back in again. Alternate translation: "lock the door so that she cannot come back in" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/19.md b/2sa/13/19.md index 778d1a02b5..5550a31eaa 100644 --- a/2sa/13/19.md +++ b/2sa/13/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # put ashes on her head and tore her beautifully decorated garment. She put her hands on her head These are acts of mourning and grief in the Israelite culture. Alternate translation: "put ashes on her head and tore her beautifully decorated garment to show that she was very sad. Then to show her grief, she put her hands on her head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/20.md b/2sa/13/20.md index 99004e1aa7..be490cff6e 100644 --- a/2sa/13/20.md +++ b/2sa/13/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "take something to heart" means "to worry about it." Alternate transl # So Tamar remained alone This means that she did not marry. - diff --git a/2sa/13/21.md b/2sa/13/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/13/21.md +++ b/2sa/13/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/13/22.md b/2sa/13/22.md index af60c1bc83..fba22e1182 100644 --- a/2sa/13/22.md +++ b/2sa/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # said nothing "did not speak" - diff --git a/2sa/13/23.md b/2sa/13/23.md index 0bb3a46e0c..5e46472a59 100644 --- a/2sa/13/23.md +++ b/2sa/13/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are people who cut the wool from sheep. # Baal Hazor This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/24.md b/2sa/13/24.md index 5ef07364d6..350c092ac0 100644 --- a/2sa/13/24.md +++ b/2sa/13/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It was customary for people in Israel to have a party after they had sheared the # may the king Although he is talking to his father the king, he calls him "the king" instead of "you" to show respect for him. - diff --git a/2sa/13/25.md b/2sa/13/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/13/25.md +++ b/2sa/13/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/13/26.md b/2sa/13/26.md index 384545c935..6954a70117 100644 --- a/2sa/13/26.md +++ b/2sa/13/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The oldest son could often represent his father in Israelite culture. Amnon was # Why should Amnon go with you? David knew that Amnon was not Absalom's friend. - diff --git a/2sa/13/27.md b/2sa/13/27.md index ffb2b42e1e..01a5b8680f 100644 --- a/2sa/13/27.md +++ b/2sa/13/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author speaks of Absalom urging David to let Amnon come as if he were p # all the king's sons This does not include Absalom and Amnon who is dead. It includes the rest of the sons that the king allowed to go to the celebration. Alternate translation: "the rest of the king's sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/28.md b/2sa/13/28.md index 6209035b2a..b332861dbd 100644 --- a/2sa/13/28.md +++ b/2sa/13/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Absalom asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that he will be blamed for ki # not commanded you What Absalom has commanded them to do may be stated in the question. Alternate translation: "not commanded you to kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/29.md b/2sa/13/29.md index 605b91d843..2d18e4b3be 100644 --- a/2sa/13/29.md +++ b/2sa/13/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # every man This refers to the king's sons who left the celebration. - diff --git a/2sa/13/30.md b/2sa/13/30.md index a2be2a88bb..2b62321035 100644 --- a/2sa/13/30.md +++ b/2sa/13/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # that the news came to David saying Here it says that the news came, when really someone came and told David the news. Alternate translation: "that someone came and reported the news to David saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/31.md b/2sa/13/31.md index 90d566b9f0..072eed37dd 100644 --- a/2sa/13/31.md +++ b/2sa/13/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He did these things to show that he was extremely sad. Alternate translation: "t # with their clothes torn They did this to show their sadness and to mourn with their king. Alternate translation: "and tore their clothes, mourning with the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/32.md b/2sa/13/32.md index 185a0a48f5..961adad201 100644 --- a/2sa/13/32.md +++ b/2sa/13/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jonadab calls David "my master" to show respect. # Amnon violated his sister This is a polite way of saying that Amnon raped his sister. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/33.md b/2sa/13/33.md index 81f6297209..b45e7dcaff 100644 --- a/2sa/13/33.md +++ b/2sa/13/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # take this report to heart The phrase "take something to heart" means "to worry about it." Alternate translation: "worry about this report" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/34.md b/2sa/13/34.md index f76a7910e0..0fbf5e791c 100644 --- a/2sa/13/34.md +++ b/2sa/13/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the servant was watching for enemies while guarding at the city # raised his eyes Here the servant looking up at something is spoken of as if he lifted up his eyes. Alternate translation: "looked up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/35.md b/2sa/13/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/13/35.md +++ b/2sa/13/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/13/36.md b/2sa/13/36.md index d0425c631d..47804ce4ce 100644 --- a/2sa/13/36.md +++ b/2sa/13/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta # raised their voices Here the sons crying out is spoken of as if their voices were something they lifted into the sky. Alternate translation: "cried out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/13/37.md b/2sa/13/37.md index d46a9b9048..ad74d7f9ff 100644 --- a/2sa/13/37.md +++ b/2sa/13/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # for his son "for his son Amnon" - diff --git a/2sa/13/38.md b/2sa/13/38.md index 4258d155fd..23803d2de1 100644 --- a/2sa/13/38.md +++ b/2sa/13/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where he was for three years "where he stayed for three years" - diff --git a/2sa/13/39.md b/2sa/13/39.md index 105a9121c2..ceb00589e5 100644 --- a/2sa/13/39.md +++ b/2sa/13/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here David is referred to by his mind to emphasize his thoughts. Alternate trans # for he was comforted concerning Amnon and his death "because he was no longer grieving about Amnon being dead." This refers to three years after Absalom fled to Geshur. - diff --git a/2sa/13/intro.md b/2sa/13/intro.md index 017463ff40..858e485730 100644 --- a/2sa/13/intro.md +++ b/2sa/13/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Samuel 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the story about the difficulties and killings in David's family. David's sin caused these problems in his family. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Amnon raped Absalom's sister -#### Amnon raped Absalom's sister Amnon raped Absalom's sister, who was his own half-sister. David did nothing to punish him and David's lack of action caused significant problems in his family and in Israel. This eventually caused Solomon to become king, even though he was not the oldest son. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Amnon raped Absalom's sister, who was his own half-sister. David did nothing to * __[2 Samuel 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/14/01.md b/2sa/14/01.md index 5af3970fab..f93824fd77 100644 --- a/2sa/14/01.md +++ b/2sa/14/01.md @@ -5,5 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the author tells a # Zeruiah See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 2:13](../02/13.md). - - diff --git a/2sa/14/02.md b/2sa/14/02.md index 5e6c5e77f9..0eef4bbdc4 100644 --- a/2sa/14/02.md +++ b/2sa/14/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the dead This refers to someone who has died, not dead people in general. Alternate translation: "someone who has died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/03.md b/2sa/14/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/14/03.md +++ b/2sa/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/14/04.md b/2sa/14/04.md index dfa6ed585f..574cfe594e 100644 --- a/2sa/14/04.md +++ b/2sa/14/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she lay facedown on the ground She did this to show her respect and submission to the king. Alternate translation: "she showed her respect to the king by lying facedown on the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/05.md b/2sa/14/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/14/05.md +++ b/2sa/14/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/14/06.md b/2sa/14/06.md index 66ac95ddb9..047833880d 100644 --- a/2sa/14/06.md +++ b/2sa/14/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # One struck the other "One of my sons hit the other son with something" - diff --git a/2sa/14/07.md b/2sa/14/07.md index 175f6541d1..394e7d3ba1 100644 --- a/2sa/14/07.md +++ b/2sa/14/07.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This refers to a son to carry on the family's name into the next generation. Alt # on the surface of the earth "on the earth." This descriptive phrase emphasizes that the family line would not continue on earth after the husband died. "The surface of the earth" refers to the ground on which people walk. - diff --git a/2sa/14/08.md b/2sa/14/08.md index de6b31285f..e1261d4888 100644 --- a/2sa/14/08.md +++ b/2sa/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will command something to be done for you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will take care of this matter for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/09.md b/2sa/14/09.md index a5ab0a10d7..320c20708d 100644 --- a/2sa/14/09.md +++ b/2sa/14/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "throne" refers to anyone who later becomes king in David's place. # are guiltless "are innocent." This implies that in the future if anyone accuses the king of wrongdoing, he will be innocent in the matter. Alternate translation: "will be innocent regarding the matter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/10.md b/2sa/14/10.md index f2d1794c17..23df376e78 100644 --- a/2sa/14/10.md +++ b/2sa/14/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here speaking threats is spoken of as speaking in general. Alternate translation # he will not touch you anymore Here David speaks of a person not threatening or hurting her, by saying that the person would not touch her. It is implied that David will not allow the person threatening her to bother her again. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "I will make sure he does not threaten you again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/11.md b/2sa/14/11.md index 410bcf382c..8205a0c74c 100644 --- a/2sa/14/11.md +++ b/2sa/14/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Often people would make promises and compare how surely they would fulfil their # not one hair of your son will fall to the ground The means that her son will not be harmed, which is exaggerated by saying that he will not lose even a single hair. Alternate translation: "your son will be completely safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/12.md b/2sa/14/12.md index df88d7ac77..b334c7326a 100644 --- a/2sa/14/12.md +++ b/2sa/14/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as "your servant." # Speak on This is an idiom. The king was giving her permission to continue speaking. Alternate translation: "You may speak to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/13.md b/2sa/14/13.md index 8fea310b78..b7e30a1487 100644 --- a/2sa/14/13.md +++ b/2sa/14/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The woman compares the king to someone who is guilty to suggest that he is guilt # his banished son "his son whom he banished" - diff --git a/2sa/14/14.md b/2sa/14/14.md index ff521ab7e0..c31b78eabb 100644 --- a/2sa/14/14.md +++ b/2sa/14/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the woman speaks of a person dying as if they were water being spilled on t # not to remain outcast "to be allowed to return" - diff --git a/2sa/14/15.md b/2sa/14/15.md index 4ed93adcb9..cd92527a17 100644 --- a/2sa/14/15.md +++ b/2sa/14/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: "I have come # your servant To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as "your servant" - diff --git a/2sa/14/16.md b/2sa/14/16.md index fa845010f0..f33403080f 100644 --- a/2sa/14/16.md +++ b/2sa/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the hand of the man This phrase is an idiom. Also, "the hand" is a metonym referring to the man's control. Alternate translation: "out of the control of the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/17.md b/2sa/14/17.md index 1f3f290bf4..55293cc295 100644 --- a/2sa/14/17.md +++ b/2sa/14/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for as an angel of God, so is my master ... from evil Here David, the king, is compared to an "angel of God." Alternate translation: "for the king is like an angel of God because they both know how to tell good from evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/18.md b/2sa/14/18.md index e46d032eee..37ab38688e 100644 --- a/2sa/14/18.md +++ b/2sa/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Please do not hide from me anything that I will ask you The negative form here is used for emphasis and can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "Please tell me the truth about everything I ask you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/19.md b/2sa/14/19.md index 865e4c6f33..dd64753337 100644 --- a/2sa/14/19.md +++ b/2sa/14/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the woman describes the difficulty of speaking to the king and keeping him # to the right hand or to the left The expression gives two extremes and means "anywhere." Alternate translation: "anywhere at all" or "anywhere" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/20.md b/2sa/14/20.md index 64fd97fab8..3d4e77d27d 100644 --- a/2sa/14/20.md +++ b/2sa/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # is wise, like the wisdom of an angel of God The woman compares David's wisdom to the wisdom of an angel to emphasize how very wise he is. Alternate translation: "you are very wise, like an angel of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/21.md b/2sa/14/21.md index 3b05cc26f6..22237f602c 100644 --- a/2sa/14/21.md +++ b/2sa/14/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hea # this thing This refers to what Joab wants the king to do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "what you want me to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/22.md b/2sa/14/22.md index fa59f2b7bf..9b90973945 100644 --- a/2sa/14/22.md +++ b/2sa/14/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "found favor" is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. A # the king has performed the request of his servant "you have done what I asked you to do" - diff --git a/2sa/14/23.md b/2sa/14/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/14/23.md +++ b/2sa/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/14/24.md b/2sa/14/24.md index faa9d16fd5..4fc424d4e0 100644 --- a/2sa/14/24.md +++ b/2sa/14/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but he may not see my face ... the king's face Here the word "face" refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: "but he may not see me ... the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/25.md b/2sa/14/25.md index 1560badf60..22e0f26b93 100644 --- a/2sa/14/25.md +++ b/2sa/14/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ good and pleasing appearance, especially of the face # From the sole of his foot to the top of his head there was no blemish in him This means the whole person was without blemish. Alternate translation: "There were no blemishes on any part of his body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/26.md b/2sa/14/26.md index 94284a6572..d96786ff41 100644 --- a/2sa/14/26.md +++ b/2sa/14/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be written in modern units. Alternate translation: "two and a half kilo # the weight of the king's standard The king had weights that determined the standard weight of the shekel and other weights and measurements. - diff --git a/2sa/14/27.md b/2sa/14/27.md index 7c5fd64f9e..4b467578e9 100644 --- a/2sa/14/27.md +++ b/2sa/14/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # To Absalom were born three sons and one daughter This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Absalom had three sons and one daughter" - diff --git a/2sa/14/28.md b/2sa/14/28.md index ad0711650f..0b1cace39c 100644 --- a/2sa/14/28.md +++ b/2sa/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the king's face Here "the king's face" refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: "the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/29.md b/2sa/14/29.md index 718ab39c3e..6700dff546 100644 --- a/2sa/14/29.md +++ b/2sa/14/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that Absalom wanted Joab to come to him to see him and to interced # So Absalom sent word a second time Here "word" is a metonym for "a message." This means that he sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "So Absalom sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/30.md b/2sa/14/30.md index bad826e36c..5c032193f0 100644 --- a/2sa/14/30.md +++ b/2sa/14/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See Here this word is used to remind people of something. Alternate translation: "As you know" - diff --git a/2sa/14/31.md b/2sa/14/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/14/31.md +++ b/2sa/14/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/14/32.md b/2sa/14/32.md index a9583619a4..ab2683e4fa 100644 --- a/2sa/14/32.md +++ b/2sa/14/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The message here for the king is written as if Absalom were the speaker. Absalom # the king's face Here "king's face" refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: "the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/33.md b/2sa/14/33.md index 4ac4288ae5..4e5112e427 100644 --- a/2sa/14/33.md +++ b/2sa/14/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Absalom is showing respect to the king. Alternate translation: "bowed low to the # the king kissed Absalom This implies that the king forgave and restored Absalom. The full meaning of this can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/14/intro.md b/2sa/14/intro.md index 9c9d96a376..8d97781dbf 100644 --- a/2sa/14/intro.md +++ b/2sa/14/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ # 2 Samuel 14 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Reconciliation -#### Reconciliation David missed his son, Absalom, who was in exile. Joab summons a wise woman to reconcile David and Absalom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reconcile]]) -### Important figures of speech used in this chapter +## Important figures of speech used in this chapter -#### Parable +### Parable The wise woman uses a type of story to convince David that his actions were wrong. He treated a stranger worse than he treated his own son. This parable was intended to convict David of his sin. She uses David's own words against him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ The wise woman uses a type of story to convince David that his actions were wron * __[2 Samuel 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/15/01.md b/2sa/15/01.md index 399d2c9721..c1105527ee 100644 --- a/2sa/15/01.md +++ b/2sa/15/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta # with fifty men to run before him These men would run in front of the chariot to honor Absalom. Alternate translation: "with fifty men to run before him to honor him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/02.md b/2sa/15/02.md index d4a8c70678..3936fd5e88 100644 --- a/2sa/15/02.md +++ b/2sa/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your servant When a man would respond to Absalom's question he would refer to himself as "your servant" to honor Absalom. - diff --git a/2sa/15/03.md b/2sa/15/03.md index bb49530df3..5db2c529d0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/03.md +++ b/2sa/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the person told his case to Absalom. This can be stated clear # to hear your case "Hearing" a case means to listen to it and to make a judgement decision over it. Alternate translation: "to judge your case" or "to oversee your case" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/04.md b/2sa/15/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/04.md +++ b/2sa/15/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/15/05.md b/2sa/15/05.md index 483f08bcf8..63fe250d7e 100644 --- a/2sa/15/05.md +++ b/2sa/15/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # put out his hand and take hold of him and kiss him This action is a friendly greeting. Alternate translation: "greet him as a friend by embracing him and kissing him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/06.md b/2sa/15/06.md index f54b1e02b5..5ccd58438c 100644 --- a/2sa/15/06.md +++ b/2sa/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that people came to the king so that he could decide their disputes. # So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel This sentence means Absalom convinced the men to be loyal to him rather than to David. Here the author speaks of how the people became loyal to Absalom by saying that he stole their hearts. Alternate translation: "In this way, Absalom convinced the men of Israel to be loyal to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/07.md b/2sa/15/07.md index 1687c77f7b..bf12522494 100644 --- a/2sa/15/07.md +++ b/2sa/15/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to four years after he returned to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: # and pay a vow that I have made to Yahweh in Hebron "to Hebron and there fulfill a vow that I have made to Yahweh" - diff --git a/2sa/15/08.md b/2sa/15/08.md index 23f16d81eb..34341040b0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/08.md +++ b/2sa/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For your servant Here Absalom refers to himself this way to honor the king. - diff --git a/2sa/15/09.md b/2sa/15/09.md index f7a40395b3..10cd160b42 100644 --- a/2sa/15/09.md +++ b/2sa/15/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Absalom arose "So Absalom left" - diff --git a/2sa/15/10.md b/2sa/15/10.md index bb42b9cb51..f2f0160f1a 100644 --- a/2sa/15/10.md +++ b/2sa/15/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the places where the tribes of Israel lived are referred to as the tribes t # the sound of the ram's horn "a ram's horn being blown" - diff --git a/2sa/15/11.md b/2sa/15/11.md index 1f75558b75..d8a0134236 100644 --- a/2sa/15/11.md +++ b/2sa/15/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who he had invited" ( # went in their innocence "went innocently" - diff --git a/2sa/15/12.md b/2sa/15/12.md index e0cd5b3fae..a2f5b64760 100644 --- a/2sa/15/12.md +++ b/2sa/15/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Giloh This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/13.md b/2sa/15/13.md index 0400c0fb4f..ababa051c4 100644 --- a/2sa/15/13.md +++ b/2sa/15/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The hearts of the men of Israel are following after Here the men are referred to by their "hearts" to emphasize their loyalty to Absalom. Alternate translation: "The men of Israel are loyal to" or "The men of Israel are following after" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/14.md b/2sa/15/14.md index a7d871bdd9..b2925ba64d 100644 --- a/2sa/15/14.md +++ b/2sa/15/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "city" is a metonym referring to the people in the city. The "edge of the sw # bring down disaster This means to cause disaster to happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/15.md b/2sa/15/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/15.md +++ b/2sa/15/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/15/16.md b/2sa/15/16.md index b9007753fc..4b3c679bf8 100644 --- a/2sa/15/16.md +++ b/2sa/15/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to keep the palace Here the word "keep" means to care for. Alternate translation: "to care for the palace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/17.md b/2sa/15/17.md index 59ee976282..51650cd02b 100644 --- a/2sa/15/17.md +++ b/2sa/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at the last house This refers to the last house they would come to when leaving the city. Alternate translation: "at the last house as they were leaving the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/18.md b/2sa/15/18.md index d6734c998f..d789738e35 100644 --- a/2sa/15/18.md +++ b/2sa/15/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this people group the same as you did in [2 Samuel 6:10](. # six hundred men "600 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/19.md b/2sa/15/19.md index 3ed751aa21..ef6274f27b 100644 --- a/2sa/15/19.md +++ b/2sa/15/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this people group the same as you did in [2 Samuel 6:10](. # Why will you come with us? This rhetorical question indicates that the king does not think they should go along with him. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You do not need to go with us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/20.md b/2sa/15/20.md index 308739bdc1..8dc5accfff 100644 --- a/2sa/15/20.md +++ b/2sa/15/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "yesterday" is an exaggeration that emphasizes a short amount of time. Itta # may steadfast love and faithfulness go with you This is a blessing that David is giving to him. The abstract nouns "love" and "faithfulness" can be expressed with the verb "love" and the adjective "faithful." Alternate translation: "may Yahweh love you without ceasing and be faithful to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/21.md b/2sa/15/21.md index 61aaf48002..459c7b0647 100644 --- a/2sa/15/21.md +++ b/2sa/15/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ittai refers to himself this way to honor the king. # whether that means living or dying "even if I get killed supporting you" - diff --git a/2sa/15/22.md b/2sa/15/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/22.md +++ b/2sa/15/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/15/23.md b/2sa/15/23.md index 3b9dd73adf..ea1cd4b806 100644 --- a/2sa/15/23.md +++ b/2sa/15/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the many people who were weeping are spoken of as if they shared one loud v # Kidron Valley This is the name of a place near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/24.md b/2sa/15/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/24.md +++ b/2sa/15/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/15/25.md b/2sa/15/25.md index 34701d13f2..d44b258edd 100644 --- a/2sa/15/25.md +++ b/2sa/15/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "eyes of Yahweh" refer to Yahweh's thoughts and opinion. If you "find f # where he lives "where his presence is." The ark of the covenant symbolizes Yahweh's presence. This refers to the place where the ark is. Alternate translation: "where it is kept" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/26.md b/2sa/15/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/26.md +++ b/2sa/15/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/15/27.md b/2sa/15/27.md index dbd8626c05..e527fdcae7 100644 --- a/2sa/15/27.md +++ b/2sa/15/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 8:17](../08/17.md). # Are you not a seer? This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Zadok and can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You will be able to find out what is happening." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/28.md b/2sa/15/28.md index 0eaa839d18..9a9e03b45b 100644 --- a/2sa/15/28.md +++ b/2sa/15/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to him sending a messenger to the king. Alternate translation: "unti # to inform me Here the king implies he is to receive a message informing him about what is happening in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "to tell me what is happening in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/29.md b/2sa/15/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/29.md +++ b/2sa/15/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/15/30.md b/2sa/15/30.md index 93db0498e9..8ef89a294d 100644 --- a/2sa/15/30.md +++ b/2sa/15/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ wearing no shoes or sandals # his head covered This is a sign of mourning and shame. Alternate translation: "his head covered in mourning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/31.md b/2sa/15/31.md index 3b4ed80945..267dc92730 100644 --- a/2sa/15/31.md +++ b/2sa/15/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ people who join together against someone else # please turn Ahithophel's advice into foolishness David is asking Yahweh to make Ahitohphel's advice foolish and useless. Alternate translation: "please let whatever advice Ahithophel gives be foolishness and unsuccessful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/32.md b/2sa/15/32.md index dac442f408..c52018de98 100644 --- a/2sa/15/32.md +++ b/2sa/15/32.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # with his coat torn and earth on his head This is an act showing shame or repentance. Here the word "earth" means dirt. Alternate translation: "He had torn his clothes and put dirt on his head to show that he was very sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/33.md b/2sa/15/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/33.md +++ b/2sa/15/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/15/34.md b/2sa/15/34.md index a1836dbf02..c7a0816496 100644 --- a/2sa/15/34.md +++ b/2sa/15/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will confuse Ahithophel's advice for me David is suggest to Hushai that he oppose whatever Ahithopel advises. Alternate translation: "you can serve me by opposing Ahithophel's advice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/35.md b/2sa/15/35.md index 5e27ca900d..b8aaf6f085 100644 --- a/2sa/15/35.md +++ b/2sa/15/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David asks this rhetorical question to tell Hushai that he will not be alone. Th # whatever you hear This is a generalization. It means all of the important and insightful things that he hears, not every single word he hears. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/36.md b/2sa/15/36.md index ad3683b420..8bdf76b2a1 100644 --- a/2sa/15/36.md +++ b/2sa/15/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # by their hand The phrase "their hand" refers to the sons and means that they were to serve as messengers. Alternate translation: "their sons to tell me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/15/37.md b/2sa/15/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/15/37.md +++ b/2sa/15/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/15/intro.md b/2sa/15/intro.md index a858407d1e..913296b96f 100644 --- a/2sa/15/intro.md +++ b/2sa/15/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 2 Samuel 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the story of Absalom's attempted revolt. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Absalom's conspiracy -For four years, Absalom made many allies in an attempt to make himself king. This is why he acted as a judge for the people. Since this was all done in secret, it is called a "conspiracy." David found out and fled with those in the army who were loyal to him. +### Absalom's conspiracy -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +For four years, Absalom made many allies in an attempt to make himself king. This is why he acted as a judge for the people. Since this was all done in secret, it is called a "conspiracy." David found out and fled with those in the army who were loyal to him. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor The author used the metaphor of a thief to describe how Absalom was able to win people's loyalty: "So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ The author used the metaphor of a thief to describe how Absalom was able to win * __[2 Samuel 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/16/01.md b/2sa/16/01.md index 6d45e295e4..588ccba65f 100644 --- a/2sa/16/01.md +++ b/2sa/16/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ dried grapes # a skin of wine "a wineskin full of wine" - diff --git a/2sa/16/02.md b/2sa/16/02.md index 35d191169a..36dd209934 100644 --- a/2sa/16/02.md +++ b/2sa/16/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # faint tired and weak - diff --git a/2sa/16/03.md b/2sa/16/03.md index 9373bb7401..1db62c2343 100644 --- a/2sa/16/03.md +++ b/2sa/16/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "the people of Israe # will restore my father's kingdom to me Having a descendant of Saul being allowed to rule is spoken of as the kingdom being restored to their family. Alternate translation: "will allow me to rule the kingdom that my grandfather ruled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/04.md b/2sa/16/04.md index 656f3e0e57..ee3ad1a9c3 100644 --- a/2sa/16/04.md +++ b/2sa/16/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ziba is not literally bowing before the king when he is speaking here. This mean # Let me find favor in your eyes The phrase "find favor" means to be approved of by someone. Also, "eyes" is a metonym for sight, and sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "I want you to be pleased with me" or "I desire you for to be pleased with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/05.md b/2sa/16/05.md index 1a8067daaf..deff7903e7 100644 --- a/2sa/16/05.md +++ b/2sa/16/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [2 Samuel 3:16](../03/16. # Shimei ... Gera These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/06.md b/2sa/16/06.md index 4e3339f885..263865d273 100644 --- a/2sa/16/06.md +++ b/2sa/16/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that these were probably officials of some sort, n # people and mighty men You may need to make explicit that these were probably soldiers and bodyguards, men who protect an important person. Alternate translation: "soldiers and bodyguards" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/07.md b/2sa/16/07.md index 7694365419..0b061b12b0 100644 --- a/2sa/16/07.md +++ b/2sa/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # man of blood Here "blood" refers to all of men he was responsible for killing in battle. Alternate translation: "murderer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/08.md b/2sa/16/08.md index 58fc3cfd98..9b0a8124bd 100644 --- a/2sa/16/08.md +++ b/2sa/16/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ David reigned as king over the same people whom Saul had previously reigned. Alt # into the hand of Absalom Here "hand" refers to control. Alternate translation: "into the control of Absalom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/09.md b/2sa/16/09.md index a047988cc6..680da29f1c 100644 --- a/2sa/16/09.md +++ b/2sa/16/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Abishai asked this question to express his anger at the man. This rhetorical que # this dead dog Here the man is being described as worthless by being compared to a dead dog. Alternate translation: "this worthless man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/10.md b/2sa/16/10.md index 68929b5d99..2554d455ac 100644 --- a/2sa/16/10.md +++ b/2sa/16/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question is asked to correct the sons of Zeruiah. It can be tran # Who then could say to him, 'Why are you cursing the king? This is said as a rhetorical question to emphasize that the answer is "no one." This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one then can ask him, 'Why are you cursing the king?'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/11.md b/2sa/16/11.md index 33f2472e29..a10a7c7816 100644 --- a/2sa/16/11.md +++ b/2sa/16/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here David describes the man's desire to kill him as if David were something tha # Leave him alone and let him curse Here the phrase "leave him alone" means to not stop him from what he is doing. Alternate translation: "Do not stop him from cursing me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/12.md b/2sa/16/12.md index 24d479c54d..084c9c21d0 100644 --- a/2sa/16/12.md +++ b/2sa/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "looking" means "considering." Alternate translation: "will consider" (See: # the misery unleashed on me Here David speaks of misery as if it were a dangerous animal that the Benjamite unleashed on him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/13.md b/2sa/16/13.md index 11c262f78e..8987cf1fae 100644 --- a/2sa/16/13.md +++ b/2sa/16/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shimei went beside him up on the hillside Shimei was walking parallel to David and his men, though Shimei was up higher on the hillside. - diff --git a/2sa/16/14.md b/2sa/16/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/16/14.md +++ b/2sa/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/16/15.md b/2sa/16/15.md index 9f87ce1e21..9025e877c5 100644 --- a/2sa/16/15.md +++ b/2sa/16/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahithophel See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 15:12](../15/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/16.md b/2sa/16/16.md index 78a4e6bf50..c8e1235ff0 100644 --- a/2sa/16/16.md +++ b/2sa/16/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 15:32](../15/32.md). (See: [ # Arkite See how you translated the name of this people group in [2 Samuel 15:32](../15/32.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/17.md b/2sa/16/17.md index ecee55b66a..a0fefd25ad 100644 --- a/2sa/16/17.md +++ b/2sa/16/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a strong feeling of support and love # Is this your loyalty to your friend? Why did you not go with him? These rhetorical questions are asked to criticize Hushai. They can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You have been a loyal friend to David; you should have gone with him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/18.md b/2sa/16/18.md index ac684e0ac8..d65ee0e030 100644 --- a/2sa/16/18.md +++ b/2sa/16/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The one whom ... that is the man ... with him Here Hushai is referring to Absalom in the third person to take emphasize off of him and place it on Yahweh and the people who chose him. This can be written in second person. Alternate translation: "you are the one whom ... you are the man ... with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/19.md b/2sa/16/19.md index 8f2ce34e71..bb03b24f7a 100644 --- a/2sa/16/19.md +++ b/2sa/16/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what man should I serve? Should I not serve in the presence of his son? Hushai asks these rhetorical questions to emphasize that he wants to serve Absalom. They can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "I should serve only David's son, so I will serve in his presence." or "I should serve you, for you are David's son." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/20.md b/2sa/16/20.md index 9f87ce1e21..9025e877c5 100644 --- a/2sa/16/20.md +++ b/2sa/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahithophel See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 15:12](../15/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/21.md b/2sa/16/21.md index 3790975d59..50e7c52240 100644 --- a/2sa/16/21.md +++ b/2sa/16/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Ahithophel speaks of Absalom offending his father as if he would become somethin # Then the hands of all who are with you will be strong Here the people who followed Absalom are referred to by their hands. The news will strengthen the peoples' loyalty to Absalom and encourage them. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "The news of this will strengthen the loyalty of all who follow you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/22.md b/2sa/16/22.md index 2d86ec1f56..053a2c1f18 100644 --- a/2sa/16/22.md +++ b/2sa/16/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with them. See how y # in the sight of all Israel This means that people were able to see the tent and Absalom walking in and out of the tent with the women. The phrase "all of Israel" is a generalization, for only people near the palace could see it. Alternate translation: "where the Israelites could see him go into the tent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2sa/16/23.md b/2sa/16/23.md index 826666c5de..3b2815d233 100644 --- a/2sa/16/23.md +++ b/2sa/16/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "both David and Ab # was viewed "was thought of" - diff --git a/2sa/16/intro.md b/2sa/16/intro.md index f7e405bc90..9de7df3383 100644 --- a/2sa/16/intro.md +++ b/2sa/16/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # 2 Samuel 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Absalom seeks advice from David's advisers -#### Absalom seeks advice from David's advisers David's best adviser, Ahithophel, told Absalom to publicly seduce the concubines that David had left to take care of the palace. Because the concubines were the king's property, having sexual relations with a king's concubines implied that Absalom was now the king. This would show the people that the break with David was complete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Simile +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Simile + To show how seriously people took Ahithophel's advice, the author used a simile comparing his advice to God's advice. "Now the advice of Ahithophel that he gave in those days was as if a man heard from the mouth of God himself." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) + ## Links: * __[2 Samuel 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/17/01.md b/2sa/17/01.md index 4f4d0b1210..6e8dca76b5 100644 --- a/2sa/17/01.md +++ b/2sa/17/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 15:12](../15/12.md). (See: [ # arise and "begin to" - diff --git a/2sa/17/02.md b/2sa/17/02.md index 39e40cedb2..aa7194b2ed 100644 --- a/2sa/17/02.md +++ b/2sa/17/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "fear" can be expressed with the adjective "afraid." Alternate tra # I will attack only the king It is implied that he intends to kill the king. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "I will kill only the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/03.md b/2sa/17/03.md index 8d5bc502c4..319f33574d 100644 --- a/2sa/17/03.md +++ b/2sa/17/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to have peace or to live peacefully. Alternate translation: "live pea # under you This refers to being under the king's authority. Alternate translation: "under your authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/04.md b/2sa/17/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/17/04.md +++ b/2sa/17/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/17/05.md b/2sa/17/05.md index 1a4d32bfb5..d2d5d9643b 100644 --- a/2sa/17/05.md +++ b/2sa/17/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hushai the Arkite See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 15:32](../15/32.md). - diff --git a/2sa/17/06.md b/2sa/17/06.md index 2d2e39e2cc..52191e7877 100644 --- a/2sa/17/06.md +++ b/2sa/17/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahithophel See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 15:12](../15/12.md). - diff --git a/2sa/17/07.md b/2sa/17/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/17/07.md +++ b/2sa/17/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/17/08.md b/2sa/17/08.md index b23f187fa9..027f4189ab 100644 --- a/2sa/17/08.md +++ b/2sa/17/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a large furry animal that walks on four legs and has sharp claws and teeth # is a man of war This means that his has fought in many battles and knows well the ways of war. Alternate translation: "has fought in many battles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/09.md b/2sa/17/09.md index 5b8c005a01..2ab6ec5fff 100644 --- a/2sa/17/09.md +++ b/2sa/17/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when his soldiers kil # A slaughter has taken place among the soldiers who follow Absalom The noun "slaughter" means an event where many people are brutally killed. This can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "Many of the soldiers who follow Absalom have been slaughtered" or "The enemy soldiers have killed many of the soldiers who follow Absalom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/10.md b/2sa/17/10.md index 5f416fc9fc..435e2e7767 100644 --- a/2sa/17/10.md +++ b/2sa/17/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whose hearts are like the heart of a lion Here the soldiers are refers to by their "hearts." Also, their strong bravery is compared to that of a lion's. Alternate translation: "who are as brave as lions" or "who are very brave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/11.md b/2sa/17/11.md index c663ce2198..4b62f370dc 100644 --- a/2sa/17/11.md +++ b/2sa/17/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an exaggeration where all the grains of sand on a beach are compared to # that you go to battle in person The phrase "in person" means to go yourself and not send someone else instead. Alternate translation: "then lead them yourself into battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/12.md b/2sa/17/12.md index 7b479dbdd9..174b3d678d 100644 --- a/2sa/17/12.md +++ b/2sa/17/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This negative sentence is used for emphasis and can be stated in a positive form # him himself Both these words refer to David. Alternate translation: "David himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/13.md b/2sa/17/13.md index fa17b38a69..df7af0d9a0 100644 --- a/2sa/17/13.md +++ b/2sa/17/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the soldiers would tear down the city walls and drag the pieces # until there is no longer even a small stone found there This is an exaggeration to describe how completely they will destroy the city. The would not literally sweep away every small stone from the city. Alternate translation: "until the city is completely destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/14.md b/2sa/17/14.md index 7b8115293e..1011974ea1 100644 --- a/2sa/17/14.md +++ b/2sa/17/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "rejection" can be expressed with the verb "reject." Alternate translat # to bring destruction on Absalom To "bring" something on someone means to cause it to happen to them. Alternate translation: "to cause a disaster to happen to Absalom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/15.md b/2sa/17/15.md index 3074c1eda8..44786d9883 100644 --- a/2sa/17/15.md +++ b/2sa/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [2 Samuel 15:24](../15/24.md). (See: # in such and such a way This phrase, meaning "like this," refers to what Ahithophel advised Absalom earlier beginning in [2 Samuel 17:1](../17/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/16.md b/2sa/17/16.md index 7e0011b4b9..f207cc80a5 100644 --- a/2sa/17/16.md +++ b/2sa/17/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to make sure that you do something. Alternate translation: "be sure t # the king will be swallowed up Here the king and his people being killed is describes as if they were "swallowed" by their enemy. Alternate translation: "the king will be killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/17.md b/2sa/17/17.md index a56a9aaae3..34c1a8d717 100644 --- a/2sa/17/17.md +++ b/2sa/17/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "message" is spoken of as coming to them, when really it is the woman w # spring of Rogel This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/18.md b/2sa/17/18.md index 4ab39ea691..2929b61f2e 100644 --- a/2sa/17/18.md +++ b/2sa/17/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a small town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # they descended "they lowered themselves and hid" - diff --git a/2sa/17/19.md b/2sa/17/19.md index 8d0c1503fe..332dd0deaa 100644 --- a/2sa/17/19.md +++ b/2sa/17/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan ... Ahimaaz See how you translated these men's names in [2 Samuel 15:27](../15/27.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/20.md b/2sa/17/20.md index 7fbd86384b..64c5188940 100644 --- a/2sa/17/20.md +++ b/2sa/17/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were probably soldiers, not house servants. # Ahimaaz ... Jonathan See how you translated these men's names in [2 Samuel 15:27](../15/27.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/21.md b/2sa/17/21.md index 4e1aa5af80..7b75764948 100644 --- a/2sa/17/21.md +++ b/2sa/17/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the water" refers to the Jordan River. Alternate translation: "cross quick # has given such and such advice The idiom "such and such" is used in the place of information that is already know by the reader. Here it refers to what Ahithophel advised Absalom beginning in [2 Samuel 17:1](../17/01.md). This information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "has advised that Absalom send him with an army to attack you now" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/22.md b/2sa/17/22.md index 6602406aa9..936577425b 100644 --- a/2sa/17/22.md +++ b/2sa/17/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # By morning daylight not one of them had failed to cross over the Jordan This negative sentence is used to emphasize that they all crossed the river. It can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "By morning daylight every one of them had crossed over the Jordan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/23.md b/2sa/17/23.md index 676c54e499..c6dfad3147 100644 --- a/2sa/17/23.md +++ b/2sa/17/23.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ He prepared for his death by telling his family what to do after he died. Altern # was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they buried him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/24.md b/2sa/17/24.md index 2f09751d1b..c6fe62a872 100644 --- a/2sa/17/24.md +++ b/2sa/17/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mahanaim Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [2 Samuel 2:8](../02/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/25.md b/2sa/17/25.md index 9dba98dac7..0d8000b694 100644 --- a/2sa/17/25.md +++ b/2sa/17/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with her. Alternate # Abigail ... Zeruiah These are the names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/26.md b/2sa/17/26.md index b68a0ad47f..a0476a0233 100644 --- a/2sa/17/26.md +++ b/2sa/17/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gilead Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [2 Samuel 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/27.md b/2sa/17/27.md index d1e2eb3cc1..37f416cc70 100644 --- a/2sa/17/27.md +++ b/2sa/17/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ammonites ... Gileadite These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/17/28.md b/2sa/17/28.md index 4975d7d9c1..225c38d61b 100644 --- a/2sa/17/28.md +++ b/2sa/17/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ seeds that are cooked and eaten # lentils a kind of seed that is cooked and eaten - diff --git a/2sa/17/29.md b/2sa/17/29.md index 31318236a7..7248c2d5cc 100644 --- a/2sa/17/29.md +++ b/2sa/17/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ milk that has soured and become solid # thirsty in need of water or some other drink - diff --git a/2sa/17/intro.md b/2sa/17/intro.md index 0f5a7ac7c4..3e128cad51 100644 --- a/2sa/17/intro.md +++ b/2sa/17/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # 2 Samuel 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Confusion -Ahithophel gives good advice to Absalom, but Hushai confuses Absalom. God is using the misleading advice to protect David, his king. +### Confusion + +Ahithophel gives good advice to Absalom, but Hushai confuses Absalom. God is using the misleading advice to protect David, his king. ## Links: * __[2 Samuel 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/18/01.md b/2sa/18/01.md index e3711d4ad2..124bd1b93f 100644 --- a/2sa/18/01.md +++ b/2sa/18/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers th # captains A captain is a person who is in authority over a group of soldiers. - diff --git a/2sa/18/02.md b/2sa/18/02.md index d4d7975a16..c0a4744556 100644 --- a/2sa/18/02.md +++ b/2sa/18/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to a person from Gath, which is a Philistine city. (See: [[rc://en/t # I will certainly go out with you myself, too This means that he will go out with them to battle. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "I myself will go with you to battle" or "I personally will go with you into battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/03.md b/2sa/18/03.md index a6969483e3..7a96fbf289 100644 --- a/2sa/18/03.md +++ b/2sa/18/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that the enemy army considering killing David of greater worth than k # that you be ready to help us from the city David could help them from the city by advising them and sending men to help them. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "that you stay here in the city and send help to us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/04.md b/2sa/18/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/18/04.md +++ b/2sa/18/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/18/05.md b/2sa/18/05.md index d653a3b910..534f7cbbee 100644 --- a/2sa/18/05.md +++ b/2sa/18/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 15:19](../15/19.md). (See: [ # my sake "my well-being" or "my account" - diff --git a/2sa/18/06.md b/2sa/18/06.md index c723a7e6cb..464037721d 100644 --- a/2sa/18/06.md +++ b/2sa/18/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that they went out and fought against them in battle. Alternate trans # against Israel Here "Israel" refers to their soldiers, not all of the Israelites. Alternate translation: "against the Israelite soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/07.md b/2sa/18/07.md index 2d143d6d11..20eba16858 100644 --- a/2sa/18/07.md +++ b/2sa/18/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ an event where many people are brutally killed # twenty thousand men "20,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/08.md b/2sa/18/08.md index 1a34965d3a..e278a488d4 100644 --- a/2sa/18/08.md +++ b/2sa/18/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # more men were consumed by the forest than by the sword Here "the forest" is described as if it were alive and could act. "The sword" refers to David's soldiers who fought with swords. Alternate translation: "dangerous things in the forest killed more men than David's soldiers killed with their swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/09.md b/2sa/18/09.md index 0a0454b3d7..f5c15fd3bd 100644 --- a/2sa/18/09.md +++ b/2sa/18/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ hanging or swinging loosely # between the ground and the sky "in the air" - diff --git a/2sa/18/10.md b/2sa/18/10.md index cac22b8f18..f071ceedc5 100644 --- a/2sa/18/10.md +++ b/2sa/18/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Look Here this word is used to draw a person's attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: "Listen" - diff --git a/2sa/18/11.md b/2sa/18/11.md index 466360a54a..5a76641f11 100644 --- a/2sa/18/11.md +++ b/2sa/18/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be written in modern units. Alternate translation: "ten silver coins" o # belt This is a special belt that shows people that someone is a great soldier and should be honored. - diff --git a/2sa/18/12.md b/2sa/18/12.md index 4eacd947d8..11d4bc8200 100644 --- a/2sa/18/12.md +++ b/2sa/18/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "reached out my hand" means to attack. Alternate translation: "would # No one must touch Here "touching" refers to "harming." Alternate translation: "No none must harm" or "Do not harm" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/13.md b/2sa/18/13.md index e228b0f4c9..e7a2d1cb91 100644 --- a/2sa/18/13.md +++ b/2sa/18/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "falsehood" can be expressed with a verb phrase. Also, this refers to d # there is nothing hidden from the king Here the man speaks about how the king knows about almost everything that happens as if everything were a physical object he knew the location of. Alternate translation: "there is nothing that the king does not know" or "the king hears about everything that happens" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/14.md b/2sa/18/14.md index cca565334d..5359ea08d0 100644 --- a/2sa/18/14.md +++ b/2sa/18/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joab meant that he should not continue talking to the man. Alternate translation # heart of Absalom Here Absalom's heart refers to his chest or upper body. Alternate translation: "chest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/15.md b/2sa/18/15.md index 187ad37f9c..e87d992d10 100644 --- a/2sa/18/15.md +++ b/2sa/18/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # armor This refers to both the armor he would wear to protect himself and to his weapons. Alternate translation: "armor and weapons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/16.md b/2sa/18/16.md index df3cfd80eb..44575280a2 100644 --- a/2sa/18/16.md +++ b/2sa/18/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This describes what Joab commanded by blowing the ram's horn. Alternate translat # returned from pursuing Israel Here "Israel" refers to the Israelite army. Alternate translation: "returned from pursuing the Israelite army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/17.md b/2sa/18/17.md index 0b16b2d2e5..2cbb27507f 100644 --- a/2sa/18/17.md +++ b/2sa/18/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "all Israel" refers to the Israelite soldiers. The word "fled" means "ran a # his own tent "his own home." The Israelites were living in houses at this time. - diff --git a/2sa/18/18.md b/2sa/18/18.md index d902bbafd2..4ffeaf1253 100644 --- a/2sa/18/18.md +++ b/2sa/18/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so people called it A # to this very day This refers to the present time when this book of the Bible was written. - diff --git a/2sa/18/19.md b/2sa/18/19.md index c8edfca91c..ba9f465aec 100644 --- a/2sa/18/19.md +++ b/2sa/18/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Ahimaaz speaks of running to go and tell the king the good news as if the g # the hand of his enemies Here "hand" refers to control. Alternate translation: "the control of his enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/20.md b/2sa/18/20.md index ca98998dd0..0ec797f6a8 100644 --- a/2sa/18/20.md +++ b/2sa/18/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will bear no news This refers to not bearing the news to the king. Alternate translation: "you will not tell the news to the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/21.md b/2sa/18/21.md index 668a3d6228..03736884f5 100644 --- a/2sa/18/21.md +++ b/2sa/18/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tell the king what you have seen Joab is telling him to go and tell the king about the news of the battle. - diff --git a/2sa/18/22.md b/2sa/18/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/18/22.md +++ b/2sa/18/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/18/23.md b/2sa/18/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/18/23.md +++ b/2sa/18/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/18/24.md b/2sa/18/24.md index 6d0622d833..602f580aaf 100644 --- a/2sa/18/24.md +++ b/2sa/18/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story and the beginning of a n # raised his eyes Here the watchman looking to see something is spoken of as if he lifted up his eyes. Alternate translation: "looked out beyond the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/25.md b/2sa/18/25.md index 393cb8b728..fb6ab2d13b 100644 --- a/2sa/18/25.md +++ b/2sa/18/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there is news in his mouth Here the king speaks of the man having a message as if the news were an object sitting in his mouth. Alternate translation: "he has news to tell us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/26.md b/2sa/18/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/18/26.md +++ b/2sa/18/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/18/27.md b/2sa/18/27.md index 4bb77828ec..6bf10ff577 100644 --- a/2sa/18/27.md +++ b/2sa/18/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I think the running of the man in front is like the running of Ahimaaz son of Zadok The watchman compares the way the man ran to the way Ahimaaz runs to suggest that it may be him. Alternate translation: "I think the man running in front is Ahimaaz son Zadok, because he runs like Ahimaaz" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/28.md b/2sa/18/28.md index 7b80dbc15d..7e5aefb4f8 100644 --- a/2sa/18/28.md +++ b/2sa/18/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He did this to honor the king. Alternate translation: "He bowed himself before t # the men who lifted up their hand against my master the king Here Ahimaaz speaks of the men opposing the king as if they were were raising their hands before him. Alternate translation: "the men who opposed and fought against my master the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/29.md b/2sa/18/29.md index 094494ca0c..f85f952a0c 100644 --- a/2sa/18/29.md +++ b/2sa/18/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a great disturbance This means that people were acting as though things were not right. - diff --git a/2sa/18/30.md b/2sa/18/30.md index 58514de15e..352f5a5f50 100644 --- a/2sa/18/30.md +++ b/2sa/18/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Turn aside and stand here "Move out of the way" or "Stand aside" - diff --git a/2sa/18/31.md b/2sa/18/31.md index e4fb17cf9d..9ca1639aba 100644 --- a/2sa/18/31.md +++ b/2sa/18/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rose up against This means to oppose. Alternate translation: "opposed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/32.md b/2sa/18/32.md index 2e37234a13..21ea8e4ea3 100644 --- a/2sa/18/32.md +++ b/2sa/18/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The enemies of my master the king, ... should be as that young man is The Cushite uses a comparison as a polite way to tell the king that Absalom is dead. This can be stated more directly. Alternate translation: "I would like all your enemies ... to die the way that young man died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/18/33.md b/2sa/18/33.md index 3e7183ba64..7ed1debdbf 100644 --- a/2sa/18/33.md +++ b/2sa/18/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # was deeply unnerved "was very unhappy" or "was trembling with grief" - diff --git a/2sa/18/intro.md b/2sa/18/intro.md index 7007e65d30..8e2dc28552 100644 --- a/2sa/18/intro.md +++ b/2sa/18/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # 2 Samuel 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter tells of the defeat and death of Absalom, ending this section on Absalom's rebellion. +This chapter tells of the defeat and death of Absalom, ending this section on Absalom's rebellion. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David's mercy -#### David's mercy David reorganized his army and sent them out to battle, but told them to be merciful to Absalom. When David's army defeated Absalom's army, Absalom fled on a mule, but his hair caught in a tree limb and the mule ran on, leaving him hanging. One of David's soldiers saw him and told Joab. Joab went and killed him. When David heard about this he mourned for his son, Absalom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ David reorganized his army and sent them out to battle, but told them to be merc * __[2 Samuel 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/19/01.md b/2sa/19/01.md index 69602a0cb5..68c88d8a89 100644 --- a/2sa/19/01.md +++ b/2sa/19/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Joab" (S # Look, the king is weeping The word "Look" is used here to draw someone's attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: "Listen, the king is weeping" - diff --git a/2sa/19/02.md b/2sa/19/02.md index b8adc1e9da..fa2fc311b3 100644 --- a/2sa/19/02.md +++ b/2sa/19/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So the victory that day was turned into mourning for all the army This means that the whole army mourned instead of celebrating. Alternate translation: "So instead of celebrating victory that day, the whole army mourned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/03.md b/2sa/19/03.md index 59929eac82..47d29953e5 100644 --- a/2sa/19/03.md +++ b/2sa/19/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author compares the way that the soldiers had to sneak back into the city to # sneak move without being seen by others - diff --git a/2sa/19/04.md b/2sa/19/04.md index be7d0e84f4..74596b0556 100644 --- a/2sa/19/04.md +++ b/2sa/19/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The king covered his face This is a way to express grief and mourning. Alternate translation: "The king showed his grief by covering his face" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/05.md b/2sa/19/05.md index b2348fb75f..db9ff86363 100644 --- a/2sa/19/05.md +++ b/2sa/19/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the servants are referred to by their face to emphasize how they would have # your servants "your soldiers." These men served David as soldiers. See how you translated similar words in [2 Samuel 3:22](../03/22.md). - diff --git a/2sa/19/06.md b/2sa/19/06.md index d84b656127..018c63a9d7 100644 --- a/2sa/19/06.md +++ b/2sa/19/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is an exaggeration, but it expresses the very low value that David s # if Absalom had lived, and we all had died, then that would have pleased you Joab imagined how David would have felt if Absalom had lived and if all the men who had fought to help David had died. He said this because he was angry that David was still mourning for Absalom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/07.md b/2sa/19/07.md index 023c9e5889..ac0ce205c0 100644 --- a/2sa/19/07.md +++ b/2sa/19/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Joab means if David did not go and speak kindly to his soldiers, they would all # not one man will remain with you This refers to them remaining loyal to him. Alternate translation: "not one man will remain loyal to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/08.md b/2sa/19/08.md index fb60d4a1d3..971634f31e 100644 --- a/2sa/19/08.md +++ b/2sa/19/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Israel" refers to the Israelite soldiers who followed Absalom. Alternate t # his tent "his home." The Israelites were living in houses in those days. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Samuel 18:17](../18/17.md). - diff --git a/2sa/19/09.md b/2sa/19/09.md index a8f499411c..a37eedbc28 100644 --- a/2sa/19/09.md +++ b/2sa/19/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" means control. Alternate translation: "from under the control of the # out of the land because of Absalom This means that he had left the country fleeing from Absalom. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "out of the country fleeing from Absalom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/10.md b/2sa/19/10.md index 7ed4fc7ebc..159da3f64d 100644 --- a/2sa/19/10.md +++ b/2sa/19/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means they should consider bringing David back now that Absalom was dead. T # the king This refers to David. - diff --git a/2sa/19/11.md b/2sa/19/11.md index 313786b023..8246e8f79f 100644 --- a/2sa/19/11.md +++ b/2sa/19/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The noun "talk" can be expressed with the verb "talk" or "speak." Alternate tran # to bring the king back to his palace Here restoring the king's authority to rule is spoken of as bringing him back to his palace. Alternate translation: "to restore the king's authority as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/12.md b/2sa/19/12.md index 2e9da6cca5..94e939de82 100644 --- a/2sa/19/12.md +++ b/2sa/19/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king uses these to phrases to emphasize that they are closely related. Being # Why then are you the last to bring back the king? This is the second rhetorical question here and it is also a rebuke for the elders of Judah. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should have been the first, not the last, to bring back the king." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/13.md b/2sa/19/13.md index 3f616df926..4a3dc70e70 100644 --- a/2sa/19/13.md +++ b/2sa/19/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here David speaks of them being related by saying that they have the same flesh # God do so to me This is an idiom that means for God to kill him. Alternate translation: "May God kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/14.md b/2sa/19/14.md index 275fc1378b..bbcfc00cec 100644 --- a/2sa/19/14.md +++ b/2sa/19/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the men being united in their loyalty to the king as if they were # They sent to the king This means that they sent a messenger to the king. Alternate translation: "They sent a messenger to the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/15.md b/2sa/19/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/19/15.md +++ b/2sa/19/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/19/16.md b/2sa/19/16.md index 2ae67df50f..596be5088b 100644 --- a/2sa/19/16.md +++ b/2sa/19/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Bahurim Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [2 Samuel 3:16](../03/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/17.md b/2sa/19/17.md index 7d8189ac20..219ee1291b 100644 --- a/2sa/19/17.md +++ b/2sa/19/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. Translate as you did in [2 Samuel 9:2](../09/02.md). # in the presence of the king This means that the king was there and was aware of what was happening. Alternate translation: "at the place where the king was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/18.md b/2sa/19/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/19/18.md +++ b/2sa/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/19/19.md b/2sa/19/19.md index f72f0746eb..3e931c774f 100644 --- a/2sa/19/19.md +++ b/2sa/19/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Shimei refers to himself this way to humble himself before the king and hon # not take it to heart "To take something to heart" means to think about something seriously or to be bothered by it. Alternate translation: "not be bothered by it" or "forget about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/20.md b/2sa/19/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/19/20.md +++ b/2sa/19/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/19/21.md b/2sa/19/21.md index 7360af3d2b..3a3c28abc9 100644 --- a/2sa/19/21.md +++ b/2sa/19/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Abishai was angry at Shimei for cursing David and is suggesting that he should b # Yahweh's anointed This refers to David. It means that he is the man that Yahweh had anointed as king. Alternate translation: "the man that Yahweh has anointed as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/22.md b/2sa/19/22.md index 3a7836ce23..0c9365ff6a 100644 --- a/2sa/19/22.md +++ b/2sa/19/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase "put to death" means to be killed or executed. Alternate translation # For do I not know that today I am king over Israel? Possible meanings of this rhetorical question are 1) "I know that I am still king of Israel." or 2) "Today I am the one who is king over Israel!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/23.md b/2sa/19/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/19/23.md +++ b/2sa/19/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/19/24.md b/2sa/19/24.md index 5996f1e167..49943e42ec 100644 --- a/2sa/19/24.md +++ b/2sa/19/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 4:4](../04/04.md). (See: [[r # He had not dressed his feet "He had not cared for his feet." Mephibosheth's feet were crippled. This phrase means that he had not taken proper care of his feet. - diff --git a/2sa/19/25.md b/2sa/19/25.md index 206dac80f9..3dee434522 100644 --- a/2sa/19/25.md +++ b/2sa/19/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why did you not go with me, Mephibosheth? David is asking Mephibosheth why he did not go with David when David and all the people who followed him left Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "Why did you not go with me when I left Jerusalem, Mephibosheth?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/26.md b/2sa/19/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/19/26.md +++ b/2sa/19/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/19/27.md b/2sa/19/27.md index fcf321a71a..4eb8db17f2 100644 --- a/2sa/19/27.md +++ b/2sa/19/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here David's wisdom is compared to the wisdom of an angel. Alternate translation # do what is good in your eyes This means to do what you think is right. Alternate translation: "do what you believe to be the right thing to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/28.md b/2sa/19/28.md index 1aee2dd0c7..313259746d 100644 --- a/2sa/19/28.md +++ b/2sa/19/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to his father's relatives. Alternate translation: "my father's relat # What right therefore have I that I should still cry any more to the king? Mephibosheth uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he has no right to request anything from the king. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Therefore, I have no right to ask the king to do anything else for me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/29.md b/2sa/19/29.md index 49d9d477b3..d511ba789f 100644 --- a/2sa/19/29.md +++ b/2sa/19/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why explain anything further? David uses this rhetorical question to tell him that he does not need to continue talking about his conflict with Ziba. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You do not need to explain this any further." or "You certainly do not need to say any more." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/30.md b/2sa/19/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/19/30.md +++ b/2sa/19/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/19/31.md b/2sa/19/31.md index a689261339..4de9961013 100644 --- a/2sa/19/31.md +++ b/2sa/19/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this place in [2 Samuel 17:27](../17/27.md). # the Jordan the Jordan River - diff --git a/2sa/19/32.md b/2sa/19/32.md index edeb11d88b..85e84aae46 100644 --- a/2sa/19/32.md +++ b/2sa/19/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this place in [2 Samuel 17:27](../17/27.md). # had furnished the king with provisions "had provided what the king needed" - diff --git a/2sa/19/33.md b/2sa/19/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/19/33.md +++ b/2sa/19/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/19/34.md b/2sa/19/34.md index c348f26641..589dc012a1 100644 --- a/2sa/19/34.md +++ b/2sa/19/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How many days are left in the years of my life, that I should go up with the king to Jerusalem? Here Barzillai means that he is old and that there is no reason for him to accompany David. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I am certainly not going to live many more years. There is no good reason for me to go up with the king to Jerusalem." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/35.md b/2sa/19/35.md index 97285564d2..feaf528c2d 100644 --- a/2sa/19/35.md +++ b/2sa/19/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Barzillai uses rhetorical questions to emphasize why he does not want to go to J # Why then should your servant be a burden to my master the king? Barzillai uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not want to be a burden to the king. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Your servant should not go with you and be a burden to you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/36.md b/2sa/19/36.md index 883f398fc2..bf520cb542 100644 --- a/2sa/19/36.md +++ b/2sa/19/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why should the king repay me with such a reward? Barzillai uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not know why the king would reward him this way. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "I do not know why the king would repay me with such a great reward" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/37.md b/2sa/19/37.md index 39efc34f0a..dc3ecb2b24 100644 --- a/2sa/19/37.md +++ b/2sa/19/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This does not mean that he wants to die right next to their graves, but rather, # Let him cross over This refers to crossing the Jordan River. Alternate translation: "Let him cross over the Jordan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/38.md b/2sa/19/38.md index b26750bc34..b2bb017930 100644 --- a/2sa/19/38.md +++ b/2sa/19/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kimham will go over with me This refers to crossing the Jordan River. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Kimham will cross the river with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/39.md b/2sa/19/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/19/39.md +++ b/2sa/19/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/19/40.md b/2sa/19/40.md index 6e082a77a9..7a04226d4a 100644 --- a/2sa/19/40.md +++ b/2sa/19/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this name in [2 Samuel 19:37](../19/37.md). # brought the king over They crossed over the Jordan River with the king. Alternate translation: "escorted the king over the river" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/41.md b/2sa/19/41.md index 5767798be6..53f6aac7a7 100644 --- a/2sa/19/41.md +++ b/2sa/19/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The men of Israel speak of how the men of Judah escorted the king across the riv # the Jordan the Jordan River - diff --git a/2sa/19/42.md b/2sa/19/42.md index 40a370d98f..b2e32af3f2 100644 --- a/2sa/19/42.md +++ b/2sa/19/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The men of Judah ask this rhetorical question to rebuke the men of Israel. This # Have we eaten anything that the king had to pay for? Has he given us any gifts? The men of Judah ask the question to express that they have not taken anything from the king. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "The king has never paid for our food, and he has never given us any gifts." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/19/43.md b/2sa/19/43.md index ff9bdc8fde..2a21ca1c8c 100644 --- a/2sa/19/43.md +++ b/2sa/19/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The men of Israel ask this question to remind and rebuke the people of Judah. Th # the words of the men of Judah were even more severe than the words of the men of Israel "the men of Judah spoke even more severely than the men of Israel did" - diff --git a/2sa/19/intro.md b/2sa/19/intro.md index da53e23f08..f309769e5b 100644 --- a/2sa/19/intro.md +++ b/2sa/19/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,23 @@ # 2 Samuel 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### David told to stop mourning Absalom -#### David told to stop mourning Absalom Joab warned David that if he continued to mourn Absalom and not thank his army, they would all desert him. So David went out to encourage the soldiers. David was both a good father and a good leader. -#### David made king again -This chapter record the recognition that David was the true king of Israel. It is important to remember that even though Absalom had power for a while, David never stopped being the king. +### David made king again + +This chapter record the recognition that David was the true king of Israel. It is important to remember that even though Absalom had power for a while, David never stopped being the king. + +### The ten tribes and Judah argue over David -#### The ten tribes and Judah argue over David The ten tribes of Israel argued with the tribe of Judah about who would bring David across the river. The men of Judah answered the ten tribes very harshly. This may foreshadow, or give a glimpse of, the future civil war that would come to divide these two groups. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions The people wanted David back as their king and expressed it in a rhetorical question: "So why are we not talking about bringing the king back?" David also used a question to persuade the people of Judah to bring him back: "You are my brothers, my flesh and bone. Why then are you the last to bring back the king?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +25,3 @@ The people wanted David back as their king and expressed it in a rhetorical ques * __[2 Samuel 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/20/01.md b/2sa/20/01.md index 1ae6a67fc5..8b53ff1eb8 100644 --- a/2sa/20/01.md +++ b/2sa/20/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Both of these statements mean the same thing. Sheba is emphasizing that he and t # his tent "his home." The Israelites were living in houses in those days. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Samuel 18:17](../18/17.md). - diff --git a/2sa/20/02.md b/2sa/20/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/20/02.md +++ b/2sa/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/20/03.md b/2sa/20/03.md index 662c44f186..584dff0f3d 100644 --- a/2sa/20/03.md +++ b/2sa/20/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that they were not allowed to leave the house. Alternate translation: # widows These are women whose husbands have died. - diff --git a/2sa/20/04.md b/2sa/20/04.md index bea8e781ab..5e48ebc4e3 100644 --- a/2sa/20/04.md +++ b/2sa/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amasa This is the commander of David's army. See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 17:25](../17/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/05.md b/2sa/20/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/20/05.md +++ b/2sa/20/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/20/06.md b/2sa/20/06.md index 8c1d18729f..58e18e1f5b 100644 --- a/2sa/20/06.md +++ b/2sa/20/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means that Sheba and his men will enter these cities to hide from David's a # out of our sight Here David refers to his army by their sight to emphasize that Sheba and his men would be hidden and David's army would be unable to capture them. Alternate translation: "from us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/07.md b/2sa/20/07.md index 359748c8d3..55bbefab1d 100644 --- a/2sa/20/07.md +++ b/2sa/20/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kerethites ... Pelethites These are the names of people groups who helped to protect King David. See how you translated this man's name in [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/08.md b/2sa/20/08.md index da81c0e997..dbadff0d19 100644 --- a/2sa/20/08.md +++ b/2sa/20/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means the sword was in its protective covering. # the sword fell out Joab let the sword fall out to fool Amasa into thinking that he Joab was unarmed, so that Amasa would allow him to walk closer to him. Alternate translation: "he allowed the sword to fall on the ground so Amasa would think he was unarmed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/09.md b/2sa/20/09.md index 1eb93c1272..5e2f2a3b6d 100644 --- a/2sa/20/09.md +++ b/2sa/20/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Amasa was the son of the sister of Joab's mother. # took Amasa by the beard with his right hand to kiss him This was a common way for men to greet one another. - diff --git a/2sa/20/10.md b/2sa/20/10.md index d9f5a1c211..564a6eaa2c 100644 --- a/2sa/20/10.md +++ b/2sa/20/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a short sword that is easy to hide and was often used for close-in fighting and # bowels spilled "intestines spilled" - diff --git a/2sa/20/11.md b/2sa/20/11.md index cc05118133..db95e4cb34 100644 --- a/2sa/20/11.md +++ b/2sa/20/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he who is for David To be "for" someone means to support them. Alternate translation: "he who supports David" or "he who is loyal to David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/12.md b/2sa/20/12.md index 1331e95ade..062623475f 100644 --- a/2sa/20/12.md +++ b/2sa/20/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means they stopped walking and were staring at Amasa's dead body. Alternate # he carried Amasa "he carried Amasa's body" - diff --git a/2sa/20/13.md b/2sa/20/13.md index dcbc808b23..a0ffdb77d5 100644 --- a/2sa/20/13.md +++ b/2sa/20/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After the man took Am # in pursuit of This abstract noun can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "pursuing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/14.md b/2sa/20/14.md index fd916f9576..7b0f67ef0f 100644 --- a/2sa/20/14.md +++ b/2sa/20/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # also pursued Sheba "also followed Sheba" - diff --git a/2sa/20/15.md b/2sa/20/15.md index fc18445709..0711fbfb8c 100644 --- a/2sa/20/15.md +++ b/2sa/20/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # were wreaking destruction to break down the wall The use of the words "destruction" and "break down" are probably a hendiadys to emphasize how hard the men were working to destroy the wall. They were probably using a log with metal at one end. Many men would run with the log and hit the wall with the metal end until it broke down. Alternate translation: "were doing all they could to break down the wall." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/16.md b/2sa/20/16.md index 9bf7ce4202..9c827267dd 100644 --- a/2sa/20/16.md +++ b/2sa/20/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Listen, please listen The repetition of "Listen" strengthens the woman's plea. - diff --git a/2sa/20/17.md b/2sa/20/17.md index 4fcebbe866..013ef4f12a 100644 --- a/2sa/20/17.md +++ b/2sa/20/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Listen to the words of your servant The woman refers to herself as "your servant." This is a polite way to speak to someone with greater authority. - diff --git a/2sa/20/18.md b/2sa/20/18.md index dc540b964a..489e579350 100644 --- a/2sa/20/18.md +++ b/2sa/20/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that advice would end the matter "that advice would solve the problem" - diff --git a/2sa/20/19.md b/2sa/20/19.md index eeab545f51..837cb3cb1c 100644 --- a/2sa/20/19.md +++ b/2sa/20/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the woman speaks of the army destroying the city as if the city were food t # the inheritance of Yahweh Here the city is referred to as Yahweh's inheritance to emphasize that it belongs to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "a city that belongs to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/20.md b/2sa/20/20.md index b92af7d695..1deee51b4f 100644 --- a/2sa/20/20.md +++ b/2sa/20/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to destroying the city. This may be stated clearly. Alternate transl # swallow up or destroy Both of these phrases means to destroy. In the first phrase "destroying" is spoken of as if it were "swallowing." These may be combined. Alternate translation: "ruin or destroy the city" or "destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/21.md b/2sa/20/21.md index 731aa020b6..471813715b 100644 --- a/2sa/20/21.md +++ b/2sa/20/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the "I" refers to both Joab and his soldiers. Alternate translation: "We wi # His head will be thrown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We will throw his head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/22.md b/2sa/20/22.md index 35014062f1..59eaa7dafe 100644 --- a/2sa/20/22.md +++ b/2sa/20/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the woman acted wisely and spoke to her people about what they s # his tent "his home." The Israelites were living in houses in those days. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Samuel 18:17](../18/17.md). - diff --git a/2sa/20/23.md b/2sa/20/23.md index 9feecb1f66..a60c5f7d6d 100644 --- a/2sa/20/23.md +++ b/2sa/20/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the names of these men the same as you did in [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18 # Kerethites ... Pelethites Translate the names of these people groups the same as you did in [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/24.md b/2sa/20/24.md index 385e07914d..0839bf7b7f 100644 --- a/2sa/20/24.md +++ b/2sa/20/24.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the men who did forced labor "the slave workers" + # Jehoshaphat ... Ahilud Translate the names of these men the same as you did in [2 Samuel 8:16](../08/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/20/25.md b/2sa/20/25.md index 83cbdcc06b..0e24e64a42 100644 --- a/2sa/20/25.md +++ b/2sa/20/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # were priests They were probably officials who advised David on matters to do with the kingdom and were not involved in temple worship. See the footnote at [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18.md), where the same word is used. - diff --git a/2sa/20/26.md b/2sa/20/26.md index a3cfc07356..e83e89ac27 100644 --- a/2sa/20/26.md +++ b/2sa/20/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # David's priest He was probably an official who advised David on matters to do with the kingdom and was not involved in temple worship. See the footnote at [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18.md), where the same word is used. - diff --git a/2sa/20/intro.md b/2sa/20/intro.md index 0bf0d012b3..278740f62a 100644 --- a/2sa/20/intro.md +++ b/2sa/20/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # 2 Samuel 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Sheba's revolt -A man named Sheba told the people of the ten tribes that David was Judah's king, but not their king. David worked hard to preserve unity in Israel after this time of division. +### Sheba's revolt -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +A man named Sheba told the people of the ten tribes that David was Judah's king, but not their king. David worked hard to preserve unity in Israel after this time of division. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Idiom -#### Idiom Joab used an idiom "has lifted up his hand against the king, against David" meaning "revolted against David," to explain why his army was attacking the city of Abel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Joab used an idiom "has lifted up his hand against the king, against David" mea * __[2 Samuel 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/21/01.md b/2sa/21/01.md index 9af3f28dec..e74961a959 100644 --- a/2sa/21/01.md +++ b/2sa/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "face" is a synecdoche for Yahweh's presence. This means David prayed to Ya # because of Saul and his murderous family Saul had killed many Gibeonites, and Saul's descendants are guilty because of this sin. - diff --git a/2sa/21/02.md b/2sa/21/02.md index 1d0c463c58..0d3540cc21 100644 --- a/2sa/21/02.md +++ b/2sa/21/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Here "Now" marks a stop in the main story. This gives background information about the Gibeonites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/03.md b/2sa/21/03.md index 31d15a420d..cd37e3ce47 100644 --- a/2sa/21/03.md +++ b/2sa/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What should I do for you? How can I make atonement ... promises? These two sentences have similar meanings. Alternate translation: "What can I do to remove this sin, so that you may bless the people of Yahweh, who inherit his goodness and promises?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/04.md b/2sa/21/04.md index 8c83d5aee7..2af66dc2a7 100644 --- a/2sa/21/04.md +++ b/2sa/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is not a matter of silver or gold "Money will not solve the problem" - diff --git a/2sa/21/05.md b/2sa/21/05.md index e23f7675f1..3c4c405c94 100644 --- a/2sa/21/05.md +++ b/2sa/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who schemed against us "who made plans against us" - diff --git a/2sa/21/06.md b/2sa/21/06.md index f60afd5b5b..96620e5f28 100644 --- a/2sa/21/06.md +++ b/2sa/21/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Saul was from the town of Gibeah. # the one chosen by Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one whom Yahweh chose" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/07.md b/2sa/21/07.md index 43c14dad0b..844104100e 100644 --- a/2sa/21/07.md +++ b/2sa/21/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mephibosheth Mephibosheth was the son of Jonathan. See how you translated his name in [2 Samuel 4:4](../04/04.md). - diff --git a/2sa/21/08.md b/2sa/21/08.md index 0da6543116..81d49450b9 100644 --- a/2sa/21/08.md +++ b/2sa/21/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. See how you translated it in [2 Samuel 3:13](../03/ # Meholathite This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/09.md b/2sa/21/09.md index 9f1951dee4..39289783e3 100644 --- a/2sa/21/09.md +++ b/2sa/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the hands of the Gibeonites" represents the Gibeonite people's control. Al # They were put to death This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Gibeonites put them to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/10.md b/2sa/21/10.md index cec7a1830d..743eff3b36 100644 --- a/2sa/21/10.md +++ b/2sa/21/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Rizpah ... Aiah Rizpah was a woman and her father was Aiah. See how you translated these names in [2 Samuel 3:7](../03/07.md). - diff --git a/2sa/21/11.md b/2sa/21/11.md index acc70b68cc..947b2adc0d 100644 --- a/2sa/21/11.md +++ b/2sa/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It was told to David This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/12.md b/2sa/21/12.md index ae59b39185..4b3ad3e3de 100644 --- a/2sa/21/12.md +++ b/2sa/21/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Gilboa See how you translated the name of this place in [2 Samuel 1:6](../01/06.md). - diff --git a/2sa/21/13.md b/2sa/21/13.md index 341cf90fe6..730f8c38b5 100644 --- a/2sa/21/13.md +++ b/2sa/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who had been hanged This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the Gibeonites executed by hanging" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/14.md b/2sa/21/14.md index 1d62d07dd5..b9eb7961d7 100644 --- a/2sa/21/14.md +++ b/2sa/21/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # his father "Saul's father" - diff --git a/2sa/21/15.md b/2sa/21/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/21/15.md +++ b/2sa/21/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/21/16.md b/2sa/21/16.md index a05595e270..445f1c371a 100644 --- a/2sa/21/16.md +++ b/2sa/21/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # three hundred shekels "300 shekels." This is about 3.4 kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/17.md b/2sa/21/17.md index 9ed8e8a429..bab40806de 100644 --- a/2sa/21/17.md +++ b/2sa/21/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Abishai and Zeruiah are names of men. See how you translated these names in [2 S # you do not put out the lamp of Israel The "lamp of Israel" is a metaphor that refers to David's leadership and the idea that if David were to die, the people of Israel would have no clear direction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/18.md b/2sa/21/18.md index 86b1edc108..eb5449a138 100644 --- a/2sa/21/18.md +++ b/2sa/21/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Rapha This people group was known for its giant warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/19.md b/2sa/21/19.md index 31cf40960a..00c17579c8 100644 --- a/2sa/21/19.md +++ b/2sa/21/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # whose spear was like a weaver's beam When a person was weaving a cloth he would run the threads through hooks attached to large sticks called a "weaver's beam." This means Goliath's spear was larger than a normal spear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/20.md b/2sa/21/20.md index f7132731eb..ddef270e3f 100644 --- a/2sa/21/20.md +++ b/2sa/21/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Rapha This people group was known for its giant warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/21.md b/2sa/21/21.md index 264c6e08df..0046a49f59 100644 --- a/2sa/21/21.md +++ b/2sa/21/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan son of Shimeah These are names of men. Shimeah was David's brother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/21/22.md b/2sa/21/22.md index b9592bf347..a22ce228c9 100644 --- a/2sa/21/22.md +++ b/2sa/21/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "by the hand of" means "through" or "by." This can be stated in active form # his servants "his soldiers." These men served David as soldiers. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Samuel 3:22](../03/22.md). - diff --git a/2sa/21/intro.md b/2sa/21/intro.md index d75c0abfb0..f8f4977a77 100644 --- a/2sa/21/intro.md +++ b/2sa/21/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # 2 Samuel 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Famine caused by a broken oath -#### Famine caused by a broken oath When Israel first conquered the land, they promised not to kill the people of Gibeon. When Saul tried to kill them all, God caused a famine in Israel. David made amends with the people of Gibeon and the famine ended. David also kept his vow to Jonathan's sons. This helps to show the wisdom of king David. Although these people were not Israelites, they believed in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### Wisdom, grace and justice +### Wisdom, grace and justice + David is seen to have many great qualities in this chapter. These were qualities important for a king of Israel: wisdom, grace and justice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ David is seen to have many great qualities in this chapter. These were qualities * __[2 Samuel 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/22/01.md b/2sa/22/01.md index 8d1cf1ef9d..1e85871bb8 100644 --- a/2sa/22/01.md +++ b/2sa/22/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a progression from enemies in general to one specific enemy of David, Ki # out of the hand of This metonym means "out of the power of." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/02.md b/2sa/22/02.md index 1cfc55bea8..0bca05545e 100644 --- a/2sa/22/02.md +++ b/2sa/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh is my rock, my fortress This metaphor shows a progression from a part, "rock," to the whole, "fortress." A fortress is built of many large rocks. This means Yahweh has the strength to protect his people from harm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/03.md b/2sa/22/03.md index 66255b077c..c9dd84c806 100644 --- a/2sa/22/03.md +++ b/2sa/22/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David's song to Yahweh continues. He uses parallelism to emphasize what he is sa # God is my rock ... He is my shield, the horn of my salvation, my stronghold All of these metaphors are symbols of God's strength and power. They emphasize God's ability to protect and save his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/04.md b/2sa/22/04.md index 01d8c65497..578fc733f8 100644 --- a/2sa/22/04.md +++ b/2sa/22/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who is worthy to rece # I will be saved from my enemies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will save me from my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/05.md b/2sa/22/05.md index 2cefde00b9..ea476e07d8 100644 --- a/2sa/22/05.md +++ b/2sa/22/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David compares the wicked men who wanted to kill him to flood waters that are ab # the rushing waters of destruction This is a picture of fast-flowing flood waters that destroy everything in their path. - diff --git a/2sa/22/06.md b/2sa/22/06.md index c5c2495f0f..9808dc696b 100644 --- a/2sa/22/06.md +++ b/2sa/22/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The cords of Sheol surrounded me; the snares of death trapped me David speaks about death and Sheol as if they are people who are trying to trap him as a hunter traps an animal. These phrases have similar meanings and are used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/07.md b/2sa/22/07.md index 07e02aca12..6235468522 100644 --- a/2sa/22/07.md +++ b/2sa/22/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the metonym "his ears" refers to Yahweh and his hearing of David's cry for # his ears David speaks of Yahweh as if he had ears. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/08.md b/2sa/22/08.md index 5b7c181332..990353b797 100644 --- a/2sa/22/08.md +++ b/2sa/22/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ David speaks of the two extremes to include everything in creation. (See: [[rc:/ # and were shaken, because God was angry This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because God's anger shook them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/09.md b/2sa/22/09.md index b154d45545..4f8fb16f5e 100644 --- a/2sa/22/09.md +++ b/2sa/22/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh's anger is compared to fire, which causes coals to catch fire and bu # were kindled by it This is Yahweh's response to David's cry for help from his enemies ([1 Samuel 22:7](./07.md)). David uses the imagery of fire coming from Yahweh to emphasize Yahweh's terrible anger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/10.md b/2sa/22/10.md index b8703e69ce..fcf6f33445 100644 --- a/2sa/22/10.md +++ b/2sa/22/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David describes Yahweh's way of saving David from his enemies as a storm cloud g # under his feet David speaks of God as having feet like humans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/11.md b/2sa/22/11.md index ac0fd1cd6d..b447913ced 100644 --- a/2sa/22/11.md +++ b/2sa/22/11.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "He appeared on the wings of the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # He was seen + In the original language the word translated here as "seen" is uncertain. Some other translation have "He flew." # the wings of the wind This expression speaks of the wind as if it were a bird. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/12.md b/2sa/22/12.md index 4ecc4c7539..4ee986a9de 100644 --- a/2sa/22/12.md +++ b/2sa/22/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David describes Yahweh's way of saving David from his enemies as a storm cloud g # He made darkness a tent around him Here the darkness Yahweh creates is compared to a tent which hides him completely. Alternate translation: "He hid himself in the darkness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/13.md b/2sa/22/13.md index 629daee675..fab4db170b 100644 --- a/2sa/22/13.md +++ b/2sa/22/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Out of his bright light he sent burning coals" or 2) " # From the lightning before him David continues describing Yahweh, whom he compares to a storm, coming to save him from his enemies. This emphasizes God's power and anger towards David's enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/14.md b/2sa/22/14.md index cc58f4be06..534340df60 100644 --- a/2sa/22/14.md +++ b/2sa/22/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Most High shouted. David describes Yahweh doing these actions a person would do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/15.md b/2sa/22/15.md index b45e82e7db..522b5a6da3 100644 --- a/2sa/22/15.md +++ b/2sa/22/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David compares the lightning from Yahweh's storm to arrows that a soldier would # lightning bolts and threw them into confusion David continues describing Yahweh, whom he compares to a storm, coming to save him from his enemies. This emphasizes God's power and anger towards David's enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/16.md b/2sa/22/16.md index d474dcf2b6..861c4ecea6 100644 --- a/2sa/22/16.md +++ b/2sa/22/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the deepest part of the sea, from which the Hebrews believed was where the water # the foundations of the world were laid bare at the rebuke of Yahweh, at the blast of the breath of his nostrils David compares Yahweh's anger to turbulent movements of the ground. "This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh's rebuke, the breath of his nostrils, laid bare the foundations of the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/17.md b/2sa/22/17.md index 66e6b78247..fe0ebd8b07 100644 --- a/2sa/22/17.md +++ b/2sa/22/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues David's song to Yahweh. He uses parallelism to emphasize what he # out of the surging water David compares his enemies to a flood that threatens to drown him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/18.md b/2sa/22/18.md index 51f847222d..dc5bddaf29 100644 --- a/2sa/22/18.md +++ b/2sa/22/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He rescued me from my strong enemy David's enemies were overwhelming. He praises God for delivering him from all his enemies. - diff --git a/2sa/22/19.md b/2sa/22/19.md index 67cfb48b4a..6eec9a6f6a 100644 --- a/2sa/22/19.md +++ b/2sa/22/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This continues David's song to Yahweh. He uses parallelism to emphasize what he # but Yahweh was my support "but Yahweh supported me" or "but Yahweh helped me" - diff --git a/2sa/22/20.md b/2sa/22/20.md index fa8327427b..def6611d61 100644 --- a/2sa/22/20.md +++ b/2sa/22/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a wide open place This refers to a place where there was no danger and his enemies could not trap him. - diff --git a/2sa/22/21.md b/2sa/22/21.md index 1a5a67019b..bc396d9b95 100644 --- a/2sa/22/21.md +++ b/2sa/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the measure of the cleanness of my hands Here "cleanness of my hands" means the same as "righteousness." Alternate translation: "because I obey his commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/22.md b/2sa/22/22.md index 604583381f..219ad5f436 100644 --- a/2sa/22/22.md +++ b/2sa/22/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues his song to Yahweh. # I have kept the ways of Yahweh Here "the ways of Yahweh" refers to how Yahweh wants his people to act. This means David has done what Yahweh commands. - diff --git a/2sa/22/23.md b/2sa/22/23.md index 54579fe482..58f06a9a03 100644 --- a/2sa/22/23.md +++ b/2sa/22/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have been before me This means David constantly reads and thinks about God's decrees. - diff --git a/2sa/22/24.md b/2sa/22/24.md index 50e1599af9..315272190c 100644 --- a/2sa/22/24.md +++ b/2sa/22/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues his song to Yahweh. # I have kept myself from my iniquity This refers to choosing not to sin against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/25.md b/2sa/22/25.md index 6edcd1b283..6c35f29ad1 100644 --- a/2sa/22/25.md +++ b/2sa/22/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the degree of my cleanness in his sight Here "my cleanness" means the same as "my righteousness." Alternate translation: "because he knows that I have done what he commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/26.md b/2sa/22/26.md index 406255dc99..b41c4ac856 100644 --- a/2sa/22/26.md +++ b/2sa/22/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: David continues his song to Yahweh. - diff --git a/2sa/22/27.md b/2sa/22/27.md index 3604020d7b..e98d9bc83d 100644 --- a/2sa/22/27.md +++ b/2sa/22/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are perverse to the twisted Here "perverse" means to be cunning or crafty, and "twisted" means to turn away from what is good and right. This means God is wise in how he deals with wicked people. - diff --git a/2sa/22/28.md b/2sa/22/28.md index 613311f2cf..672aa33602 100644 --- a/2sa/22/28.md +++ b/2sa/22/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the metonym "your eyes" refers to what Yahweh sees. This means Yahweh watch # you humiliate them "you destroy their pride" or "you make them no longer proud" - diff --git a/2sa/22/29.md b/2sa/22/29.md index f05c332065..e746ed45da 100644 --- a/2sa/22/29.md +++ b/2sa/22/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are my lamp, Yahweh. Yahweh lights up my darkness This metaphor compares Yahweh to a lamp, which means he gives David light and helps him to see when things seem hopeless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/30.md b/2sa/22/30.md index f48a1d2201..d77a27f5b9 100644 --- a/2sa/22/30.md +++ b/2sa/22/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "troop" may refer to a group of soldiers or to a stone wall. Either way it # I can leap over a wall David is exaggerating to emphasize Yahweh's help. Alternate translation: "I can climb over the wall that surrounds their city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/31.md b/2sa/22/31.md index 60297f2ed0..f071da74b3 100644 --- a/2sa/22/31.md +++ b/2sa/22/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He is a shield The metaphor "a shield" emphasizes God's power to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/32.md b/2sa/22/32.md index 04e350dea1..cab89a1e12 100644 --- a/2sa/22/32.md +++ b/2sa/22/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David uses this question to emphasize that there is no God apart from Yahweh. Th # who is a rock David compares Yahweh to a rock to emphasize his strength and ability to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/33.md b/2sa/22/33.md index 6146c42979..9ea093b000 100644 --- a/2sa/22/33.md +++ b/2sa/22/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he leads the blameless person on his path Yahweh keeps the blameless person safe and removes anything that may harm him. - diff --git a/2sa/22/34.md b/2sa/22/34.md index 6518a20c70..bd012adfb9 100644 --- a/2sa/22/34.md +++ b/2sa/22/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues his song to Yahweh. # He makes my feet swift like a deer and places me on the high hills Here David's feet are compared to those of a deer using exaggeration. Yahweh gives David the strength to move quickly and provides secure places for protection and rest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/35.md b/2sa/22/35.md index c10506350c..98fe3c1888 100644 --- a/2sa/22/35.md +++ b/2sa/22/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these refer to David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) # to bend a bow of bronze Only a very strong man could use a bow made from metal. - diff --git a/2sa/22/36.md b/2sa/22/36.md index 91cab73728..7a8ada9adc 100644 --- a/2sa/22/36.md +++ b/2sa/22/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David compares Yahweh's power to save him to a shield that protects a soldier fr # your favor God answered David's prayers and granted him blessings and success over his enemies. - diff --git a/2sa/22/37.md b/2sa/22/37.md index b673ed610b..76c375b550 100644 --- a/2sa/22/37.md +++ b/2sa/22/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have made a wide place for my feet beneath me Yahweh has put David in a safe place where his enemies cannot trap him. Here he refers to himself by his "feet" to emphasize his ability to stand securely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/38.md b/2sa/22/38.md index a88399951f..b4862e0d55 100644 --- a/2sa/22/38.md +++ b/2sa/22/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues his song to Yahweh. # pursued my enemies "chased my enemies" - diff --git a/2sa/22/39.md b/2sa/22/39.md index 845982b3c4..7b0a29647f 100644 --- a/2sa/22/39.md +++ b/2sa/22/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here David compares himself to a wild animal. Alternate translation: "I complete # under my feet Here "feet" refers to the power and control of victory over his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/40.md b/2sa/22/40.md index 4b9e89271e..bde71f4d11 100644 --- a/2sa/22/40.md +++ b/2sa/22/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David continues his song to Yahweh. # you put under me those who rise up against me "you helped me defeat those who fought against me" - diff --git a/2sa/22/41.md b/2sa/22/41.md index b90526ba6f..40ec8d3256 100644 --- a/2sa/22/41.md +++ b/2sa/22/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) David seeing the backs of the enemy as they run away or # I annihilated "I completely destroyed" - diff --git a/2sa/22/42.md b/2sa/22/42.md index fdde18cd14..e3eb278d5b 100644 --- a/2sa/22/42.md +++ b/2sa/22/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David continues his song to Yahweh. # they cried out to Yahweh, but he did not answer them The time for Yahweh's judgment had come upon them. - diff --git a/2sa/22/43.md b/2sa/22/43.md index 48c2119d5b..e8e32fd92d 100644 --- a/2sa/22/43.md +++ b/2sa/22/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like dust on the ground ... like mud in the streets This means that David completely destroyed his enemies. These two phrases "like dust on the ground" and "like mud on the streets" have a similar meaning and are used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/44.md b/2sa/22/44.md index 58c0fea352..5d6a029cdf 100644 --- a/2sa/22/44.md +++ b/2sa/22/44.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to those among the Israelites who rebelled against King David. # A people that I have not known "A foreign people" - diff --git a/2sa/22/45.md b/2sa/22/45.md index 5f7c462e4d..2bde88f298 100644 --- a/2sa/22/45.md +++ b/2sa/22/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Foreigners were forced to bow to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Foreigners bowed down to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/46.md b/2sa/22/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/22/46.md +++ b/2sa/22/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/22/47.md b/2sa/22/47.md index 2f765c1bef..63caf47702 100644 --- a/2sa/22/47.md +++ b/2sa/22/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These sentences have similar meaning and are used for emphasis. These may be sta # my rock ... the rock David compares Yahweh to a rock to emphasize his power to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/48.md b/2sa/22/48.md index db4c7fe8a4..17f50ed5af 100644 --- a/2sa/22/48.md +++ b/2sa/22/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who brings down peoples under me "the one who puts the people of other nations under my rule" - diff --git a/2sa/22/49.md b/2sa/22/49.md index 55614a858d..9ff04dc15e 100644 --- a/2sa/22/49.md +++ b/2sa/22/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from violent men "from those who want to harm me" - diff --git a/2sa/22/50.md b/2sa/22/50.md index 6f9993c476..404ffae40a 100644 --- a/2sa/22/50.md +++ b/2sa/22/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David concludes his song to Yahweh. # to your name Here the metonym "name" refers to Yahweh's reputation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/22/51.md b/2sa/22/51.md index 264738f824..4384ea3455 100644 --- a/2sa/22/51.md +++ b/2sa/22/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he shows his covenant loyalty to his anointed one Here David may be referring to the promises Yahweh made in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) - diff --git a/2sa/22/intro.md b/2sa/22/intro.md index 4930449d78..c6736a81bb 100644 --- a/2sa/22/intro.md +++ b/2sa/22/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 2 Samuel 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 22:2-51. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God rescued David -#### God rescued David God rescued David when he thought he would die. He protected David, fought against his enemies, and enabled him to defeat his enemies. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor David uses many metaphors to express his trust in God's protection: "my rock, my fortress, my shield, the horn of my salvation, my stronghold and my refuge." He used other metaphors to express his hopelessness: "the waves of death surrounded me," "the rushing waters of worthlessness overwhelmed me," "the cords of sheol surrounded me;" "the snares of death trapped me," and "the surging water." He also used metaphors for the victory God gave him: "I can run over a barricade" and "by my God I can leap over a wall." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ David uses many metaphors to express his trust in God's protection: "my rock, my * __[2 Samuel 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/23/01.md b/2sa/23/01.md index da41af5ba6..8935f809dd 100644 --- a/2sa/23/01.md +++ b/2sa/23/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Anointing was done by pouring oil on a person's head. This was done to choose wh # psalmist This is a person who writes psalms or songs. - diff --git a/2sa/23/02.md b/2sa/23/02.md index 5df173c093..7af55b3cb9 100644 --- a/2sa/23/02.md +++ b/2sa/23/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ by David # and his word was on my tongue Here "on my tongue" is a metonym for David speaking. Alternate translation: "he gave me a message to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/03.md b/2sa/23/03.md index 401abc7ef0..457f1c848b 100644 --- a/2sa/23/03.md +++ b/2sa/23/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two sentences both say that the king will respect God and do what God want # in the fear of God "respecting God" - diff --git a/2sa/23/04.md b/2sa/23/04.md index 0ac86d7759..9717a0b4a2 100644 --- a/2sa/23/04.md +++ b/2sa/23/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will be like the morning light ... sunshine after rain Here God is comparing the king to the morning light and sunshine after the rain. These are all ways of saying this king would be a delight to God and a blessing for the people. These two phrases have a similar meaning and are used for emphasis. Alternate translation: "He will be a delight to all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/05.md b/2sa/23/05.md index 457f4f3070..572f4e32c4 100644 --- a/2sa/23/05.md +++ b/2sa/23/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means God's covenant is properly organized and will not change so David's f # Does he not increase my salvation ... desire? David believes that God will always help him and cause him to prosper. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "He increases my salvation and gives me my every desire." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/06.md b/2sa/23/06.md index d1546cfb33..8e39e5bfad 100644 --- a/2sa/23/06.md +++ b/2sa/23/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the wicked person is compared to useless thorns. This can be stated in acti # because they cannot be gathered by one's hands "because no one can pick them up with his hands without the thorns hurting him" - diff --git a/2sa/23/07.md b/2sa/23/07.md index f7dc2e81ad..96481eb751 100644 --- a/2sa/23/07.md +++ b/2sa/23/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They must be burned up where they lie "Where thorns are found, that is where they must be burned." This means God will destroy wicked people. - diff --git a/2sa/23/08.md b/2sa/23/08.md index 3859f339ca..828c3bb0b3 100644 --- a/2sa/23/08.md +++ b/2sa/23/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. Other modern translations read "Jeshbaal" or "Jashobe # eight hundred "800" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/09.md b/2sa/23/09.md index 4a2c0a414d..3185552a11 100644 --- a/2sa/23/09.md +++ b/2sa/23/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of David's greatest soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/10.md b/2sa/23/10.md index cafc09ed6c..793a304ced 100644 --- a/2sa/23/10.md +++ b/2sa/23/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the army returned after Eleazar returned from battle. Alternate # only to strip the bodies "only to take what they wanted from the dead bodies of the enemies" - diff --git a/2sa/23/11.md b/2sa/23/11.md index c5a3946131..fb6fd6498d 100644 --- a/2sa/23/11.md +++ b/2sa/23/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a flat seed, eaten like beans (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) # the army fled "the Israelite army ran away" - diff --git a/2sa/23/12.md b/2sa/23/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/12.md +++ b/2sa/23/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/13.md b/2sa/23/13.md index edd052a9a2..46e6048858 100644 --- a/2sa/23/13.md +++ b/2sa/23/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are not the same three soldiers mentioned in [2 Samuel 23:8-12](./08.md). # Valley of Rephaim This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [2 Samuel 5:18](../05/18.md). - diff --git a/2sa/23/14.md b/2sa/23/14.md index 1cf17c1211..89ee5c2f45 100644 --- a/2sa/23/14.md +++ b/2sa/23/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the Philistines had established at Bethlehem "some Philistines soldiers were controlling the village of Bethlehem" - diff --git a/2sa/23/15.md b/2sa/23/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/15.md +++ b/2sa/23/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/16.md b/2sa/23/16.md index ed4d3fe974..f847ce77c8 100644 --- a/2sa/23/16.md +++ b/2sa/23/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # broke through the army "fought their way through the enemy army" - diff --git a/2sa/23/17.md b/2sa/23/17.md index 614bae42cc..6faaffe8af 100644 --- a/2sa/23/17.md +++ b/2sa/23/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should I drink the blood of men who have risked their lives? David compares the water to blood because the men risked their lives to bring the water to him. He uses a question to emphasize this. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Drinking this water would be like drinking the blood of those men who have risked their lives to bring it to me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/18.md b/2sa/23/18.md index ddc867bab4..70b514e584 100644 --- a/2sa/23/18.md +++ b/2sa/23/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means Abishai was the leader of the three who went and got water for David. # He was renowned along with the three soldiers This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He was almost as famous as the three bravest men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/19.md b/2sa/23/19.md index c29a3e09f7..60563b3fa2 100644 --- a/2sa/23/19.md +++ b/2sa/23/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to emphasize how famous he was. This rhetorical question c # three most famous soldiers This refers to Josheb Basshebeth, Eleazar, and Shimeah. Abishai was not as famous as these soldiers. - diff --git a/2sa/23/20.md b/2sa/23/20.md index c8465b1d8a..7977f86e16 100644 --- a/2sa/23/20.md +++ b/2sa/23/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/ # Ariel This is the name of a man. - diff --git a/2sa/23/21.md b/2sa/23/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/21.md +++ b/2sa/23/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/22.md b/2sa/23/22.md index 10f440df54..61c52543ec 100644 --- a/2sa/23/22.md +++ b/2sa/23/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people praise him lik # three mighty men This refers to Josheb Basshebeth, Eleazar, and Shimeah. - diff --git a/2sa/23/23.md b/2sa/23/23.md index 465af4a262..a7f4855118 100644 --- a/2sa/23/23.md +++ b/2sa/23/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his bodyguard a group of soldiers in charge of guarding David - diff --git a/2sa/23/24.md b/2sa/23/24.md index 15bdb11fde..5df9dde361 100644 --- a/2sa/23/24.md +++ b/2sa/23/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a list of David's greatest soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # The thirty "The 30 very famous soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/25.md b/2sa/23/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/25.md +++ b/2sa/23/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/26.md b/2sa/23/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/26.md +++ b/2sa/23/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/27.md b/2sa/23/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/27.md +++ b/2sa/23/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/28.md b/2sa/23/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/28.md +++ b/2sa/23/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/29.md b/2sa/23/29.md index 4a2c0a414d..3185552a11 100644 --- a/2sa/23/29.md +++ b/2sa/23/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of David's greatest soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/30.md b/2sa/23/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/30.md +++ b/2sa/23/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/31.md b/2sa/23/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/31.md +++ b/2sa/23/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/32.md b/2sa/23/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/32.md +++ b/2sa/23/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/33.md b/2sa/23/33.md index 4a2c0a414d..3185552a11 100644 --- a/2sa/23/33.md +++ b/2sa/23/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of David's greatest soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/34.md b/2sa/23/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/34.md +++ b/2sa/23/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/35.md b/2sa/23/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/35.md +++ b/2sa/23/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/36.md b/2sa/23/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/36.md +++ b/2sa/23/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/37.md b/2sa/23/37.md index 59a0e6a0b5..ff9d5b3bc3 100644 --- a/2sa/23/37.md +++ b/2sa/23/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This concludes the list of David's greatest soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/38.md b/2sa/23/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/23/38.md +++ b/2sa/23/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/23/39.md b/2sa/23/39.md index 22e43bd190..0c2119e26b 100644 --- a/2sa/23/39.md +++ b/2sa/23/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty-seven in all "there were 37 total" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/23/intro.md b/2sa/23/intro.md index 1423e1124c..11ced0b43f 100644 --- a/2sa/23/intro.md +++ b/2sa/23/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # 2 Samuel 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 23:2-7. 2 Samuel 23:8-39 is a list of the famous people in David's army along with some of the special deeds some of them did. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Everlasting covenant -#### Everlasting covenant This is a reference to the covenant God previously made with David. (See: [2 Samuel 7](../07/01.md), [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]). ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This is a reference to the covenant God previously made with David. (See: [2 Sam * __[2 Samuel 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2sa/24/01.md b/2sa/24/01.md index 9b9d0968d2..034cf70565 100644 --- a/2sa/24/01.md +++ b/2sa/24/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "kindled" means start a fire. Here Yahweh's anger is compared to that o # Go, count Israel and Judah In the law of Moses, God prohibited the kings of Israel from taking a census of fighting men. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/02.md b/2sa/24/02.md index 6101008a60..3935aa78fc 100644 --- a/2sa/24/02.md +++ b/2sa/24/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase uses two place names Dan, in the far north, and Beersheba, in the fa # count all the people ... fit for battle This means to count all the men except those men who are either too young, too old, or physically unable to fight. - diff --git a/2sa/24/03.md b/2sa/24/03.md index cc1a1ab276..55d250cedf 100644 --- a/2sa/24/03.md +++ b/2sa/24/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # multiply ... hundred times This means "produce 100 more people for every one person there is now." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/04.md b/2sa/24/04.md index 6866a75f2f..df3697f72d 100644 --- a/2sa/24/04.md +++ b/2sa/24/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joab and the other commanders of King David's army were not able to convince Dav # the king's word This phrase represents the king's command to them. Alternate translation: "what the king had commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/05.md b/2sa/24/05.md index 1bb3b11fd6..11b15f6fd4 100644 --- a/2sa/24/05.md +++ b/2sa/24/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a city on the northern edge of the Arnon River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # Jazer This is a town in Gad. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/06.md b/2sa/24/06.md index 36406f37cb..9372f53939 100644 --- a/2sa/24/06.md +++ b/2sa/24/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tahtim Hodshi This may refer to the town of Kadesh in the land of the Hittite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/07.md b/2sa/24/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/24/07.md +++ b/2sa/24/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/24/08.md b/2sa/24/08.md index 0fe9f1eedf..ea7205dbfa 100644 --- a/2sa/24/08.md +++ b/2sa/24/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # nine months and twenty days "9 months and 20 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/09.md b/2sa/24/09.md index ccc783bd1c..a7c984bb07 100644 --- a/2sa/24/09.md +++ b/2sa/24/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This metonym refers to the men who were ready to fight in the army. (See: [[rc:/ # of Judah This refers to the southern tribe of Judah. - diff --git a/2sa/24/10.md b/2sa/24/10.md index c616b06299..3af06dcc22 100644 --- a/2sa/24/10.md +++ b/2sa/24/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "heart" here is a metonym for David's emotions and conscience. Alternate tra # Now, Yahweh, take away your servant's guilt David refers to himself as "your servant." This is a polite way to speak to someone with greater authority. - diff --git a/2sa/24/11.md b/2sa/24/11.md index 17564cf1d6..58d25a722c 100644 --- a/2sa/24/11.md +++ b/2sa/24/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message fr # David's seer This means Gad was the official prophet in the royal palace. - diff --git a/2sa/24/12.md b/2sa/24/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/24/12.md +++ b/2sa/24/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/24/13.md b/2sa/24/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/24/13.md +++ b/2sa/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/24/14.md b/2sa/24/14.md index 339b85bf81..82d10802c0 100644 --- a/2sa/24/14.md +++ b/2sa/24/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Let us fall into Yahweh's hands rather than into the hand of man Here "hands" refer to power or control. Alternate translation: "Let Yahweh and not people punish us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/15.md b/2sa/24/15.md index f6da5fcdc5..3dbef93110 100644 --- a/2sa/24/15.md +++ b/2sa/24/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the time God decided he would stop the plague. # from Dan to Beersheba Here mentioning the city of Dan in the extreme north and the city Beersheba in the extreme south means the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/16.md b/2sa/24/16.md index 630e038c15..8242baca06 100644 --- a/2sa/24/16.md +++ b/2sa/24/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the threshing floor A threshing floor was a hard, flat surface where edible grain was separated from chaff. - diff --git a/2sa/24/17.md b/2sa/24/17.md index 4e25ab086c..03d52c0256 100644 --- a/2sa/24/17.md +++ b/2sa/24/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David uses a question and compares the people to sheep to emphasize that they ha # Please let your hand punish me Here the metonym "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "Please punish me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/18.md b/2sa/24/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/24/18.md +++ b/2sa/24/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/24/19.md b/2sa/24/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/24/19.md +++ b/2sa/24/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/24/20.md b/2sa/24/20.md index 021c6be3be..b6f639e128 100644 --- a/2sa/24/20.md +++ b/2sa/24/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bowed to the king with his face to the ground He was showing deep respect and honor to the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/21.md b/2sa/24/21.md index 3d64cd0647..7c954e936b 100644 --- a/2sa/24/21.md +++ b/2sa/24/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that the plague may be removed from the people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that Yahweh will remove this plague from the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/22.md b/2sa/24/22.md index cda7bd1e15..c31e6f87eb 100644 --- a/2sa/24/22.md +++ b/2sa/24/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "what you t # threshing sledges heavy boards used to separate grain from the rest of the wheat plant - diff --git a/2sa/24/23.md b/2sa/24/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2sa/24/23.md +++ b/2sa/24/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2sa/24/24.md b/2sa/24/24.md index 9b924da0a0..537277df35 100644 --- a/2sa/24/24.md +++ b/2sa/24/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "I will only offer # fifty shekels "50 shekels." A shekel is 11 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/25.md b/2sa/24/25.md index 27178f668a..4937e00516 100644 --- a/2sa/24/25.md +++ b/2sa/24/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the metonym "land" stands for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: # the plague on Israel was confined This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God confined the plague that had been on Israel" or "God took the plague away from Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2sa/24/intro.md b/2sa/24/intro.md index 00261c53e7..885a5627d0 100644 --- a/2sa/24/intro.md +++ b/2sa/24/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # 2 Samuel 24 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Counting soldiers -#### Counting soldiers David ordered the leaders of his army to count how many men of fighting age there were. He was not supposed to do this because it showed he did not trust God. God was displeased and offered David three punishments. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ David ordered the leaders of his army to count how many men of fighting age ther * __[2 Samuel 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/2sa/front/intro.md b/2sa/front/intro.md index cd02863a51..9db12170d0 100644 --- a/2sa/front/intro.md +++ b/2sa/front/intro.md @@ -5,23 +5,26 @@ ### Outline of 2 Samuel 1. The first years of David's reign (1:1–7:29) - - Saul is killed; David is kind to Ishbosheth (1:1–4:12) - - David defeats the Philistines (5:1–25) - - Victories, the ark, the house of God (6:1–7:29) + + - Saul is killed; David is kind to Ishbosheth (1:1–4:12) + - David defeats the Philistines (5:1–25) + - Victories, the ark, the house of God (6:1–7:29) + 1. David extends his rule to all the Promised Land (8:1–10:19) 1. David's sin with Bathsheba (11:1–12:31) 1. Amnon and Tamar; Absalom kills Amnon (13:1–14:33) 1. The later years of David's reign (15:1–24:25) - - Absalom rebels and is killed (15:1–18:33) - - David's kingdom restored (19:1–20:26) - - Famine and warfare (21:1–14) - - David's song of praise (22:1–23:7) - - David's mighty men (23:8–39) - - Yahweh judges David's sin of numbering the people; the plague stopped (24:1–25) + + - Absalom rebels and is killed (15:1–18:33) + - David's kingdom restored (19:1–20:26) + - Famine and warfare (21:1–14) + - David's song of praise (22:1–23:7) + - David's mighty men (23:8–39) + - Yahweh judges David's sin of numbering the people; the plague stopped (24:1–25) ### What is the Book of 2 Samuel about? -This book is about David ruling as king over Israel. He first ruled over the tribe of Judah for seven years. Then the other eleven tribes agreed to have him become their king. He ruled over all Israel for thirty-three years. +This book is about David ruling as king over Israel. He first ruled over the tribe of Judah for seven years. Then the other eleven tribes agreed to have him become their king. He ruled over all Israel for thirty-three years. Throughout this time, David led his army to fight foreign enemies who attacked Israel. However, he struggled the most against someone in his own family. Absalom, his son, rebelled and fought against him ([2 Samuel 13-19](../13/01.md)). @@ -60,4 +63,3 @@ The Book of 1 Samuel should be translated before 2 Samuel, since 2 Samuel contin The name "Israel" is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed his name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]]) 2 Samuel speaks of both the northern kingdom of Israel and the whole nation of Israel as "Israel." However, these references appear in the narrative long before the two kingdoms split apart. It seems clear that the references to Israel and Judah indicate that the author wrote 2 Samuel at a time after the kingdoms split. (See: [2 Samuel 2:10](../02/10.md); [2 Samuel 3:10](../03/10.md); [2 Samuel 5:5](../05/05.md); [2 Samuel 11:11](../11/11.md); [2 Samuel 12:8](../12/08.md); [2 Samuel 19:42-43](../19/42.md); [2 Samuel 21:2](../21/02.md); [2 Samuel 24:1](../24/01.md)). - diff --git a/2th/01/01.md b/2th/01/01.md index 4ba63660cd..a638936974 100644 --- a/2th/01/01.md +++ b/2th/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is the author of this letter, but he includes Silvanus and Timothy as sende # Silvanus This is the Latin form of "Silas." He is the same person listed in the book of Acts as Paul's fellow traveler. - diff --git a/2th/01/02.md b/2th/01/02.md index 89b5e13a56..62ee837351 100644 --- a/2th/01/02.md +++ b/2th/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Grace to you Paul commonly uses this greeting in his letters. - diff --git a/2th/01/03.md b/2th/01/03.md index 8809eb3893..0984283717 100644 --- a/2th/01/03.md +++ b/2th/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "brothers" means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate # one another Here "one another" means fellow Christians. - diff --git a/2th/01/04.md b/2th/01/04.md index fdbe209a74..71c10214aa 100644 --- a/2th/01/04.md +++ b/2th/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we ourselves Here "ourselves" is used to emphasize Paul's boasting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/2th/01/05.md b/2th/01/05.md index fc4ad9d3e4..802c5ec1d2 100644 --- a/2th/01/05.md +++ b/2th/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will be considered worthy of the kingdom of God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will consider you worthy to be part of his kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2th/01/06.md b/2th/01/06.md index 2931bebafa..ce4f66930f 100644 --- a/2th/01/06.md +++ b/2th/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ As Paul continues, he talks about God being just. # for God to return affliction to those who afflict you Here "to return" is a metaphor that means to cause someone to experience the same thing they did to someone else. Alternate translation: "for God to afflict those who afflict you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2th/01/07.md b/2th/01/07.md index 06de17a409..1a5f02fa41 100644 --- a/2th/01/07.md +++ b/2th/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words continue the description of what God is right "to return" to people # relief to you "for God to provide relief to you" - diff --git a/2th/01/08.md b/2th/01/08.md index 8a83c847e5..2572fbacf0 100644 --- a/2th/01/08.md +++ b/2th/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in flaming fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and on those who "punishing with blazing fire those who do not know God and those who" - diff --git a/2th/01/09.md b/2th/01/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2th/01/09.md +++ b/2th/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2th/01/10.md b/2th/01/10.md index 00e3ba107c..1749429666 100644 --- a/2th/01/10.md +++ b/2th/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "that day" is the day when Jesus will return to the world. # to be glorified in his holy people and to be marveled at by all those who believed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that his holy people will glorify him and all those who believed will marvel at him" or "so that his people will glorify him and all those who believed will stand in awe of him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2th/01/11.md b/2th/01/11.md index e84468cc31..5ae27f2a31 100644 --- a/2th/01/11.md +++ b/2th/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "calling" refers to God appointing or choosing people to be his children an # fulfill every good purpose "make you able to do good in every way that you desire" - diff --git a/2th/01/12.md b/2th/01/12.md index 6f72bd2434..e52ad2926f 100644 --- a/2th/01/12.md +++ b/2th/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit who will glorify the readers. This can be stated i # according to the grace of our God and the Lord Jesus Christ "because God and the Lord Jesus Christ have given grace to you" - diff --git a/2th/01/intro.md b/2th/01/intro.md index 41b573e3e7..d4fc23a030 100644 --- a/2th/01/intro.md +++ b/2th/01/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,16 @@ # 2 Thessalonians 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Verses 1-2 formally introduce this letter. Letters in the ancient Near East commonly had introductions of this type. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in verses 4-5: "We talk about your patience and faith in all your persecutions. We talk about the afflictions that you endure. This is a sign of God's righteous judgment." People would not normally think that believing in God while being persecuted is a sign of God's righteous judgment. But in verses 5-10, Paul explains how God will reward those who believe in him and how he will judge those who afflict them. ([2 Thessalonians 1:4-5](./04.md)) + ## Links: * __[2 Thessalonians 01:01 Notes](./01.md)__ - * __[2 Thessalonians intro](../front/intro.md) | [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2th/02/01.md b/2th/02/01.md index 0a41017f17..f30324ec97 100644 --- a/2th/02/01.md +++ b/2th/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "Now" marks a change of topic in Paul's instructions. # brothers Here "brothers" means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: "brothers and sisters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/2th/02/02.md b/2th/02/02.md index 96491f99cf..326b8549da 100644 --- a/2th/02/02.md +++ b/2th/02/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that no spirit or # the day of the Lord This refers to the time when Jesus will come back to the earth for all believers. - diff --git a/2th/02/03.md b/2th/02/03.md index bcf2479459..0e946fe7ac 100644 --- a/2th/02/03.md +++ b/2th/02/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God reveals the man o # the son of destruction Paul speaks of destruction as a person who bore a son whose goal is to totally destroy everything. Alternate translation: "the one who destroys everything he can" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2th/02/04.md b/2th/02/04.md index 73d31a10e1..d13d086877 100644 --- a/2th/02/04.md +++ b/2th/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everything that peopl # exhibits himself as God "shows himself as God" - diff --git a/2th/02/05.md b/2th/02/05.md index e7bd9b0952..5d2feabc6a 100644 --- a/2th/02/05.md +++ b/2th/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a rhetorical question to remind them of his teaching when he was with # these things This refers to the return of Jesus, the day of the Lord, and the man of lawlessness. - diff --git a/2th/02/06.md b/2th/02/06.md index 15c7321126..74188f4ad0 100644 --- a/2th/02/06.md +++ b/2th/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he will be revealed only at the right time This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will reveal the man of lawlessness when the time is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2th/02/07.md b/2th/02/07.md index 84b153f5eb..2290d9b267 100644 --- a/2th/02/07.md +++ b/2th/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to a sacred secret that only God knows. # who restrains him To restrain someone is to hold him back or to keep him from doing what he wants to do. - diff --git a/2th/02/08.md b/2th/02/08.md index ceed275217..f760fbd14d 100644 --- a/2th/02/08.md +++ b/2th/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "breath" represents the power of God. Alternate translation: "by the power # bring him to nothing by the revelation of his coming When Jesus returns to earth and shows himself, he will defeat the lawless one. - diff --git a/2th/02/09.md b/2th/02/09.md index f78530c362..ddbb01face 100644 --- a/2th/02/09.md +++ b/2th/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with all power, signs, and false wonders "with all kinds of power, signs, and false wonders" - diff --git a/2th/02/10.md b/2th/02/10.md index 1e6b1cd224..8a0a93d0e3 100644 --- a/2th/02/10.md +++ b/2th/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "perishing" has the concept of everlasting or eternal destruction. # they refused to love the truth This metaphor speaks of these people as if someone had offered them a physical object, like good food, and they had refused to accept or receive it. The abstract noun "love" can be translated as a verb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2th/02/11.md b/2th/02/11.md index a6f94a3807..3d19cf9767 100644 --- a/2th/02/11.md +++ b/2th/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The powerful delusion is a metonym for the person who will delude the people. Al # a powerful delusion a lie that sounds so true that many people believe it - diff --git a/2th/02/12.md b/2th/02/12.md index c5a52e2335..80909a49c5 100644 --- a/2th/02/12.md +++ b/2th/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will judge all of # who did not believe the truth but instead took pleasure in unrighteousness "who took pleasure in unrighteousness because they did not believe the truth" or "who enjoyed doing evil deeds because they did not believe the truth" - diff --git a/2th/02/13.md b/2th/02/13.md index f3d312dd40..651e63bd89 100644 --- a/2th/02/13.md +++ b/2th/02/13.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here "brothers" means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate # as the firstfruits to be saved through the sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth Being among the first people to be saved is spoken of as if the Thessalonian believers were "firstfruits." This can also be stated to remove the abstract nouns "salvation," "sanctification," "belief," and "truth." Alternate translation: "to be among the first people who believe what is true, whom God has saved and set apart for himself by his Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/2th/02/14.md b/2th/02/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2th/02/14.md +++ b/2th/02/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2th/02/15.md b/2th/02/15.md index d7d9c17e7e..5081105a94 100644 --- a/2th/02/15.md +++ b/2th/02/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we have taught you" ( # whether by word or by our letter "By word" here is a synecdoche for "by instructions" or "by teachings." You can make clear the implicit information. Alternate translation: "whether by what we taught you in person or by what we wrote to you in a letter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2th/02/16.md b/2th/02/16.md index d63b5c9d03..718e8f1393 100644 --- a/2th/02/16.md +++ b/2th/02/16.md @@ -19,11 +19,13 @@ The words "our" and "us" refer to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs "caused us to have eternal comfort and good hope through grace" # eternal comfort + "comfort that never ends" or "unceasing encouragement" # good hope + Here "hope" means a "certain expectation." Alternate translation: "certainty that we will receive good things from him" or "confidence that we will good things from him" # through grace -"because of his kindness" +"because of his kindness" diff --git a/2th/02/17.md b/2th/02/17.md index 507b6ac76b..9c6667202e 100644 --- a/2th/02/17.md +++ b/2th/02/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hearts" represents the seat of emotions. Alternate translation: "comfort y # every good work and word "every good thing you do and say" - diff --git a/2th/02/intro.md b/2th/02/intro.md index 1c81864c8b..1545be2204 100644 --- a/2th/02/intro.md +++ b/2th/02/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # 2 Thessalonians 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Being gathered together to be with him" +### "Being gathered together to be with him" This passage refers to a time when Jesus calls to himself those who have believed in him. Scholars differ on whether or not this refers to Christ's final glorious return. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### Man of lawlessness +### Man of lawlessness + This is the same as "son of destruction" and "lawless one" in this chapter. Paul associates him with Satan, who is actively working in the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/antichrist]]) -#### Sits in the temple of God +### Sits in the temple of God + Paul could be referring to the Jerusalem temple that the Romans destroyed several years after he wrote this letter. Or he could be referring to a future physical temple, or to the church as the spiritual temple of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Paul could be referring to the Jerusalem temple that the Romans destroyed severa * __[2 Thessalonians 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2th/03/01.md b/2th/03/01.md index a3b04a3be9..7a8130c011 100644 --- a/2th/03/01.md +++ b/2th/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "brothers" means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate # that the word of the Lord may rush and be glorified, as it also is with you Paul speaks of God's word spreading as if it were running from place to place. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that more and more people will soon hear our message about our Lord Jesus and honor it, as happened with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/02.md b/2th/03/02.md index 5ec26d0e8f..062c472973 100644 --- a/2th/03/02.md +++ b/2th/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God may save us" # for not all have faith "for many people do not believe in Jesus" - diff --git a/2th/03/03.md b/2th/03/03.md index 31197edb47..d7af8129de 100644 --- a/2th/03/03.md +++ b/2th/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the evil one "Satan" - diff --git a/2th/03/04.md b/2th/03/04.md index 4ac896208d..722624aa50 100644 --- a/2th/03/04.md +++ b/2th/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We have confidence "We have faith" or "We trust" - diff --git a/2th/03/05.md b/2th/03/05.md index 643ec95394..30a818e601 100644 --- a/2th/03/05.md +++ b/2th/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's thoughts or mind. Alternate translation # the love of God and to the endurance of Christ Paul speaks of God's love and Christ's endurance as if they were destinations on a path. Alternate translation: "how much God loves you and how much Christ has endured for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/06.md b/2th/03/06.md index b2a73b6800..bd24327347 100644 --- a/2th/03/06.md +++ b/2th/03/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "our" refers to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) # is idle This person is not working hard, but is lazy. Alternate translation: "does not do what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/07.md b/2th/03/07.md index 618ee8cbe8..f7654eccd7 100644 --- a/2th/03/07.md +++ b/2th/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we were not idle "we lived disciplined lives" - diff --git a/2th/03/08.md b/2th/03/08.md index 0470b8e9c4..f674d0affc 100644 --- a/2th/03/08.md +++ b/2th/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bread here is a synecdoche for any kind of food. Alternate translation: "anyone' # in labor and toil Paul emphasizes how hard his circumstances were. The words "difficult labor" imply that Paul and his companions did work that requires great effort. The word "hardship" implies they endured pain and suffering. Alternate translation: "in very difficult circumstances" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/09.md b/2th/03/09.md index e47ba23672..216d7383c6 100644 --- a/2th/03/09.md +++ b/2th/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We did this not because we have no authority, but we did this Paul uses a double negative to correct a misunderstanding that his readers may have had. It can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "Even though we have authority, we did this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/10.md b/2th/03/10.md index 91f8d9be7e..865ac62ee4 100644 --- a/2th/03/10.md +++ b/2th/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The one who is unwilling to labor must not eat This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Only the one who is willing to work should eat" or "Only people who are willing to work should eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/11.md b/2th/03/11.md index 9184be2f60..83c0d3c420 100644 --- a/2th/03/11.md +++ b/2th/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but busybodies Busybodies are people who interfere in the affairs of others without being asked to help. - diff --git a/2th/03/12.md b/2th/03/12.md index e90c9034b1..962b060d70 100644 --- a/2th/03/12.md +++ b/2th/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # eat their own bread Bread here is a synecdoche for any kind of food. See how "bread" is translated in [2 Thessalonians 3:8](./08.md). Alternate translation: "eat their own food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/13.md b/2th/03/13.md index 85f8ea05cf..faa386878f 100644 --- a/2th/03/13.md +++ b/2th/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" refers to all the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # brothers Here "brothers" means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: "brothers and sisters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/14.md b/2th/03/14.md index b17c78a1a0..92bf289daa 100644 --- a/2th/03/14.md +++ b/2th/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # take note of him Notice who he is. Alternate translation: "publicly identify that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/15.md b/2th/03/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2th/03/15.md +++ b/2th/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2th/03/16.md b/2th/03/16.md index 4973b63670..04782c92ae 100644 --- a/2th/03/16.md +++ b/2th/03/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make explicit that this is Paul's prayer for the Thessalonians. Alternat # the Lord of peace himself Here "himself" emphasizes that the Lord will personally give peace to believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/2th/03/17.md b/2th/03/17.md index d520da347e..e2f2de871c 100644 --- a/2th/03/17.md +++ b/2th/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I, Paul, write this with my own hand Paul makes it clear that this letter is from him and is not a forgery. - diff --git a/2th/03/18.md b/2th/03/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2th/03/18.md +++ b/2th/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2th/03/intro.md b/2th/03/intro.md index ccefde832d..1b5f8c5566 100644 --- a/2th/03/intro.md +++ b/2th/03/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # 2 Thessalonians 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Idle and lazy persons -#### Idle and lazy persons In Thessalonica, there apparently was a problem with people in the church who were able to work but refused to do so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### What should you do if your brother sins? +### What should you do if your brother sins? In this chapter, Paul teaches that Christians need to live in a way that honors God. Christians should also encourage one another and hold each other accountable for what they do. The church is also responsible for encouraging believers to repent if they sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ In this chapter, Paul teaches that Christians need to live in a way that honors * __[2 Thessalonians 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/2th/front/intro.md b/2th/front/intro.md index 3b1a75f59b..95d891ff3f 100644 --- a/2th/front/intro.md +++ b/2th/front/intro.md @@ -6,14 +6,20 @@ 1. Greetings and thanksgiving (1:1-3) 1. Christians suffering from persecution - - They are worthy of the kingdom of God and of his promise of relief from trials (1:4-7) - - God will judge those who persecute Christians (1:8-12) + + - They are worthy of the kingdom of God and of his promise of relief from trials (1:4-7) + - God will judge those who persecute Christians (1:8-12) + 1. Some believers' misunderstanding about the second coming of Christ - - Christ's return has not yet happened (2:1-2) - - Instruction about the events that will precede the return of Christ (2:3-12) + + - Christ's return has not yet happened (2:1-2) + - Instruction about the events that will precede the return of Christ (2:3-12) + 1. Paul's confidence that God will save the Thessalonian Christians - - His call to "stand firm" (2:13-15) - - His prayer that God will comfort them (2:16-17) + + - His call to "stand firm" (2:13-15) + - His prayer that God will comfort them (2:16-17) + 1. Paul requests that the Thessalonian believers pray for him (3:1-5) 1. Paul give commands about idle believers (3:6-15) 1. Closing (3:16-17) @@ -26,7 +32,7 @@ Paul wrote this letter while staying in the city of Corinth. ### What is the Book of 2 Thessalonians about? -Paul wrote this letter to the believers in the city of Thessalonica. He encouraged the believers because they were being persecuted. He told them to continue living in a way that pleased God. And he wanted to teach them again about Christ's return. +Paul wrote this letter to the believers in the city of Thessalonica. He encouraged the believers because they were being persecuted. He told them to continue living in a way that pleased God. And he wanted to teach them again about Christ's return. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -48,10 +54,9 @@ These phrases also have specific meanings that depend on how Paul used them in a ### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of 2 Thessalonians? -For the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. The ULB text has the modern reading and puts the older reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading. +For the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. The ULB text has the modern reading and puts the older reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading. * "and the man of lawlessness is revealed" (2:3). The ULB and most modern translations read this way. Older versions have, "and the man of sin is revealed." -* "For God chose you as the firstfruits for salvation" (2:13) The ULB and some other translations read this way. Other versions have, "For God chose you from the first for salvation." +* "For God chose you as the firstfruits for salvation" (2:13) The ULB and some other translations read this way. Other versions have, "For God chose you from the first for salvation." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/01.md b/2ti/01/01.md index 55cde87bd3..ae163ed20f 100644 --- a/2ti/01/01.md +++ b/2ti/01/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "for the purpose of." This means that God appointed Pau # of the life that is in Christ Jesus Paul speaks of "the life" as if it were an object inside of Jesus. This refers to the life people receive as a result of belonging to Christ Jesus. Alternate translation: "of the life that we receive as a result of belonging to Christ Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/02.md b/2ti/01/02.md index 89b469d380..07bafa751b 100644 --- a/2ti/01/02.md +++ b/2ti/01/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Your language may have a particular way of introducing the person who receives a # Christ Jesus our Lord "Christ Jesus, who is our Lord" - diff --git a/2ti/01/03.md b/2ti/01/03.md index 4fc65695e6..4fcda934e2 100644 --- a/2ti/01/03.md +++ b/2ti/01/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of his conscience as if it could be physically clean. This means tha # night and day Here "night and day" are used together to mean "always." Alternate translation: "always" or "constantly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/04.md b/2ti/01/04.md index ee771e50c7..a87a64c659 100644 --- a/2ti/01/04.md +++ b/2ti/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of himself as if he were a container that someone could fill. This c # I remember your tears Here "tears" represents crying. Alternate translation: "I remember how you cried for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/05.md b/2ti/01/05.md index d52a511c8b..ff827a9fbe 100644 --- a/2ti/01/05.md +++ b/2ti/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is speaking of their faith as if it were something that is alive and lives # Lois ... Eunice These are names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/06.md b/2ti/01/06.md index 0cada2bb6b..e7e8614353 100644 --- a/2ti/01/06.md +++ b/2ti/01/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks about Timothy's need to start using his gift again as if he were res # the gift of God which is in you through the laying on of my hands "the gift of God that you received when I laid my hands on you." This refers to a ceremony in which Paul placed his hands on Timothy and prayed that God would enable him to do the work he had commanded him to do. - diff --git a/2ti/01/07.md b/2ti/01/07.md index 03da8cd247..aa87568f39 100644 --- a/2ti/01/07.md +++ b/2ti/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "spirit" refers to the "Holy Spirit." Alternate transla # discipline Possible meanings are 1) the power to control ourselves or 2) the power to correct other people who are doing wrong. - diff --git a/2ti/01/08.md b/2ti/01/08.md index bace50fae5..bdfee353c8 100644 --- a/2ti/01/08.md +++ b/2ti/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of suffering as if it were an object that could be shared or distrib # gospel according to the power of God "gospel, allowing God to make you strong" - diff --git a/2ti/01/09.md b/2ti/01/09.md index f6c1c28d7f..3d0c28a1f8 100644 --- a/2ti/01/09.md +++ b/2ti/01/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ # before times ever began "before the world began" or "before time began" - diff --git a/2ti/01/10.md b/2ti/01/10.md index 580208d4f0..5b051a369d 100644 --- a/2ti/01/10.md +++ b/2ti/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of death as if it were an independent process instead of the event o # brought life and immortality to light through the gospel Paul speaks of teaching about eternal life as if it were an object that could be brought from darkness into light so that people could see it. Alternate translation: "taught what life that never ends is by preaching the gospel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/11.md b/2ti/01/11.md index 1f598ba8ea..579faa3a0a 100644 --- a/2ti/01/11.md +++ b/2ti/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God chose me to be a # a herald a person who proclaims important or official messages - diff --git a/2ti/01/12.md b/2ti/01/12.md index 8e38e5b3fc..99248921ef 100644 --- a/2ti/01/12.md +++ b/2ti/01/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul is using a metaphor of a person leaving something with another person who i # that day This refers to the day when God judges all people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/13.md b/2ti/01/13.md index 988171dea0..047f7120dd 100644 --- a/2ti/01/13.md +++ b/2ti/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Greek word translated "truthful, is a word meaning "healthy" and here is a d # with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus "as you trust in Jesus Christ and love him" - diff --git a/2ti/01/14.md b/2ti/01/14.md index 07cb68b2e3..3258066946 100644 --- a/2ti/01/14.md +++ b/2ti/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Timothy needs to be alert because people will oppose his work, try to make him s # through the Holy Spirit "with the power of the Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/2ti/01/15.md b/2ti/01/15.md index 50a7c4f595..db505a2d78 100644 --- a/2ti/01/15.md +++ b/2ti/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metaphor that means they stopped helping Paul. They abandoned Paul bec # Phygelus and Hermogenes These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/16.md b/2ti/01/16.md index 3168578954..853a239828 100644 --- a/2ti/01/16.md +++ b/2ti/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # was not ashamed of my chain Here "chain" is a metonym for being in prison. Onesiphorus was not ashamed that Paul was in prison but came to visit him frequently. Alternate translation: "was not ashamed that I was in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/17.md b/2ti/01/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ti/01/17.md +++ b/2ti/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ti/01/18.md b/2ti/01/18.md index 5e2460d405..3877874e92 100644 --- a/2ti/01/18.md +++ b/2ti/01/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of mercy as if it were an object that could be found. (See: [[rc://e # on that day This refers to the day when God will judge all people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ti/01/intro.md b/2ti/01/intro.md index 3edbc939fe..5d9cd339bb 100644 --- a/2ti/01/intro.md +++ b/2ti/01/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # 2 Timothy 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul formally introduces this letter in verses 1-2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Spiritual children +### Spiritual children Paul discipled Timothy as a Christian and a church leader. Paul may also have led him to believe in Christ. Therefore, Paul calls Timothy "beloved child." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Persecution -#### Persecution Paul was in prison when he wrote this letter. Paul encourages Timothy to be willing to suffer for the gospel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +22,3 @@ Paul was in prison when he wrote this letter. Paul encourages Timothy to be will * __[2 Timothy intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ti/02/01.md b/2ti/02/01.md index 23892d205e..cb57867cc8 100644 --- a/2ti/02/01.md +++ b/2ti/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "child" is a term of great love and approval. It is also likely that Timoth # be strengthened in the grace that is in Christ Jesus Paul speaks about the motivation and determination that God's grace allows believers to have. Alternate translation: "let God use the grace he gave you through your relationship to Christ Jesus to make you strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/02.md b/2ti/02/02.md index 2a074e12f3..1f67ac6401 100644 --- a/2ti/02/02.md +++ b/2ti/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # entrust them to faithful people Paul speaks of his instructions to Timothy as if they were objects that Timothy could give to other people and trust them to use correctly. Alternate translation: "commit them" or "teach them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/03.md b/2ti/02/03.md index 9f2800f14e..ca25c42b50 100644 --- a/2ti/02/03.md +++ b/2ti/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Endure suffering as I do" or 2) "Share in my suffering # as a good soldier of Christ Jesus Paul compares suffering for Christ Jesus to the suffering that a good soldier endures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/04.md b/2ti/02/04.md index 4b1e77f0f5..5beaa61b54 100644 --- a/2ti/02/04.md +++ b/2ti/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of this distraction as if it were a net that tripped people up as th # his superior officer "his leader" or "the one who commands him" - diff --git a/2ti/02/05.md b/2ti/02/05.md index df40eb4d46..3fad9ab8db 100644 --- a/2ti/02/05.md +++ b/2ti/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will crown him a # competes by the rules "competes according to the rules" or "strictly obeys the rules" - diff --git a/2ti/02/06.md b/2ti/02/06.md index efa71c21ba..35b109ba73 100644 --- a/2ti/02/06.md +++ b/2ti/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is necessary that the hard-working farmer receive his share of the crops first This is the third metaphor Paul gives Timothy about working. The reader should understand that Christ's servants need to work hard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/07.md b/2ti/02/07.md index 6a5d138a1e..6790a438fc 100644 --- a/2ti/02/07.md +++ b/2ti/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul gave Timothy word pictures, but he did not completely explain their meaning # in everything "about everything" - diff --git a/2ti/02/08.md b/2ti/02/08.md index a7c9aa212b..84042603ff 100644 --- a/2ti/02/08.md +++ b/2ti/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive ag # according to my gospel message Paul speaks of the gospel message as if it were especially his. He means that this is the gospel message that he proclaims. Alternate translation: "according to the gospel message that I preach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/09.md b/2ti/02/09.md index 4d88b84b04..bb6f45c8ce 100644 --- a/2ti/02/09.md +++ b/2ti/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "being chained" represents being a prisoner. This can be stated in active f # the word of God is not bound Here "bound" speaks of what happens to a prisoner, and the phrase is a metaphor that means no one can stop God's message. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one can put the word of God in prison" or "no one can stop the word of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/10.md b/2ti/02/10.md index 48c3332de0..075a4b57f9 100644 --- a/2ti/02/10.md +++ b/2ti/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of salvation as if it were an object that could be physically graspe # with eternal glory "and that they will be forever with him in the glorious place where he is" - diff --git a/2ti/02/11.md b/2ti/02/11.md index abb0462d6e..d27d17e791 100644 --- a/2ti/02/11.md +++ b/2ti/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is most likely the beginning of a song or poem that Paul is quoting. If you # died with him Paul uses this expression to mean that people share in Christ's death when they trust in him, deny their own wants, and obey him. - diff --git a/2ti/02/12.md b/2ti/02/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ti/02/12.md +++ b/2ti/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ti/02/13.md b/2ti/02/13.md index d8ec095e27..8df466cfa5 100644 --- a/2ti/02/13.md +++ b/2ti/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is most likely the end of a song or poem that Paul is quoting. If your lang # he cannot deny himself "he must always act according to his character" or "he cannot act in ways that are the opposite of his real character" - diff --git a/2ti/02/14.md b/2ti/02/14.md index a57399807a..524120ace3 100644 --- a/2ti/02/14.md +++ b/2ti/02/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "not to argue about foolish things that people say" or # it is of no value "this does not benefit anyone" - diff --git a/2ti/02/15.md b/2ti/02/15.md index 4d437ba4d3..8ffb422d49 100644 --- a/2ti/02/15.md +++ b/2ti/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul presents the idea of Timothy correctly explaining God's word as if he were # accurately teaches the word of truth Possible meanings are 1) "explains the message about the truth correctly" or 2) "explains the true message correctly." - diff --git a/2ti/02/16.md b/2ti/02/16.md index 06d2df9cd2..7900aba0e9 100644 --- a/2ti/02/16.md +++ b/2ti/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # which leads to more and more godlessness Paul speaks of this kind of talk as if it were something that could physically move to another location, and he speaks of godlessness as if it were that new location. Alternate translation: "which causes people to become more and more ungodly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/17.md b/2ti/02/17.md index 50cc9bbe2b..3045ae60b1 100644 --- a/2ti/02/17.md +++ b/2ti/02/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Cancer quickly spreads in a person's body and destroys it. This is a metaphor th # Hymenaeus and Philetus These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/18.md b/2ti/02/18.md index 66c1d0b1f4..46f93a3dcc 100644 --- a/2ti/02/18.md +++ b/2ti/02/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "gone astray from the truth" is a metaphor for no longer believing or teach # they destroy the faith of some "they cause some people to stop believing" - diff --git a/2ti/02/19.md b/2ti/02/19.md index deda72a701..2fa4670b8a 100644 --- a/2ti/02/19.md +++ b/2ti/02/19.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "God's truth is like a firm foundation" or 2) "God has # this inscription -Possible meanings of "inscription" are 1) words written into stone with a chisel or 2) words impressed in wax by a king's ring. +Possible meanings of "inscription" are 1) words written into stone with a chisel or 2) words impressed in wax by a king's ring. # who names the name of the Lord @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings of "inscription" are 1) words written into stone with a chisel # depart from unrighteousness Paul speaks of unrighteousness as if it were a place from which one could leave. Alternate translation: "stop being evil" or "stop doing wrong things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/20.md b/2ti/02/20.md index 41bea784f1..12335d0589 100644 --- a/2ti/02/20.md +++ b/2ti/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "containers" is a general word for bowls, plates, and pots, which people pu # honorable use ... dishonorable Possible meanings are 1) "special occasions ... ordinary times" or 2) "the kinds of activities people do in public ... the kinds of activities people do in private." - diff --git a/2ti/02/21.md b/2ti/02/21.md index fbcd6cab13..41309095cd 100644 --- a/2ti/02/21.md +++ b/2ti/02/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Master sets him a # He is set apart He is not set apart physically or in the sense of location, but instead to fulfill a purpose. Some versions translate this "sanctified," but the text signals the essential idea of being set apart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/22.md b/2ti/02/22.md index d1d7251031..fff833cbcf 100644 --- a/2ti/02/22.md +++ b/2ti/02/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "call on the Lord" is an idiom that means to trust and worship the Lord. Al # out of a clean heart Here "clean" is a metaphor for something pure or sincere. And, "heart" here is a metonym for "thoughts" or "emotions." Alternate translation: "with a sincere mind" or "with sincerity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/23.md b/2ti/02/23.md index afb31da5c2..a6add07913 100644 --- a/2ti/02/23.md +++ b/2ti/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they give birth to quarrels Paul speaks of ignorant questions as if they were women giving birth to children. Alternate translation: "they cause arguments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/24.md b/2ti/02/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ti/02/24.md +++ b/2ti/02/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ti/02/25.md b/2ti/02/25.md index 961047d8bc..7a78f2fe0e 100644 --- a/2ti/02/25.md +++ b/2ti/02/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of repentance as if it were an object that God could give people. Al # for the knowledge of the truth "so that they will know the truth" - diff --git a/2ti/02/26.md b/2ti/02/26.md index 727a8bfe24..0022427675 100644 --- a/2ti/02/26.md +++ b/2ti/02/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of the devil's ability to convince Christians to sin as if it were a # after they have been captured by him for his will Convincing Christians to sin is spoken of as if the devil had physically captured them and made them his slaves. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after he has deceived them into obeying his will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ti/02/intro.md b/2ti/02/intro.md index 0be2a4b5db..56f85125bc 100644 --- a/2ti/02/intro.md +++ b/2ti/02/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # 2 Timothy 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set words farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with verses 11-13. Paul may be quoting a poem or hymn in these verses. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### We will reign with him -#### We will reign with him Faithful Christians will reign with Christ in the future. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Analogies -#### Analogies In this chapter, Paul makes several analogies to teach about living as a Christian. He uses analogies of soldiers, athletes, and farmers. Later in the chapter, he uses the analogy of different kinds of containers in a house. ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ In this chapter, Paul makes several analogies to teach about living as a Christi * __[2 Timothy 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ti/03/01.md b/2ti/03/01.md index a2bd10e883..9f13b48959 100644 --- a/2ti/03/01.md +++ b/2ti/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a time later than Paul's time. Alternate transl # difficult times These will be days, months, or even years when Christians will endure suffering and danger. - diff --git a/2ti/03/02.md b/2ti/03/02.md index c15c9113de..50aeac7252 100644 --- a/2ti/03/02.md +++ b/2ti/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lovers of themselves Here "lovers" refers to brotherly love or love for a friend or family member, a natural human love between friends or relatives. This is not the kind of love that comes from God. Alternate translation: "self-centered" - diff --git a/2ti/03/03.md b/2ti/03/03.md index 61bd82b884..b5d8534b5a 100644 --- a/2ti/03/03.md +++ b/2ti/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # not lovers of good This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "haters of good" - diff --git a/2ti/03/04.md b/2ti/03/04.md index 6a58ab2858..f0f6142645 100644 --- a/2ti/03/04.md +++ b/2ti/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ doing things either without thinking about what bad things could happen or witho # prideful thinking they are better than other people - diff --git a/2ti/03/05.md b/2ti/03/05.md index edd431f42a..a780cb0894 100644 --- a/2ti/03/05.md +++ b/2ti/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of godliness, the habit of honoring God, as if it were a physical ob # Turn away from these people "Turn away" here is a metaphor for avoiding someone. Alternate translation: "Avoid these people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/03/06.md b/2ti/03/06.md index 21e43064ae..a19d87d431 100644 --- a/2ti/03/06.md +++ b/2ti/03/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of the attraction of sin as if sin were loaded on the backs of these # are led away by various desires Paul speaks about these various desires as if they could lead another person away. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they desire to sin in various ways rather than obey Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ti/03/07.md b/2ti/03/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ti/03/07.md +++ b/2ti/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ti/03/08.md b/2ti/03/08.md index 3b80b538f0..a8cdb8fc29 100644 --- a/2ti/03/08.md +++ b/2ti/03/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul speaks of those who argued against Moses as if they had stood against him. # and with regard to the faith they are rejected Possible meanings are 1) here "the faith" represents the false teachers' personal faith in God. Alternate translation: "and they have shown that their faith is not sincere" or 2) here "the faith" represents the true Christian teachings about God. Alternate translation: "and, according to the true teachings of the Christian faith, God has rejected them" - diff --git a/2ti/03/09.md b/2ti/03/09.md index c5d3fc2319..3c92471020 100644 --- a/2ti/03/09.md +++ b/2ti/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses an expression about physical movement to mean that the false teachers # of those men "of Jannes and Jambres" - diff --git a/2ti/03/10.md b/2ti/03/10.md index 187cba3390..6c1c5b60db 100644 --- a/2ti/03/10.md +++ b/2ti/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the way a person lives his life # longsuffering one person being patient with those people who do things of which he does not approve - diff --git a/2ti/03/11.md b/2ti/03/11.md index 2f3f2d0fe8..0fd367da7a 100644 --- a/2ti/03/11.md +++ b/2ti/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Out of them all, the Lord rescued me Paul speaks of God having stopped him from suffering these hardships and dangers as if God had carried him out of a physical location. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/03/12.md b/2ti/03/12.md index 1863acfc55..334d1637fa 100644 --- a/2ti/03/12.md +++ b/2ti/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will be persecuted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will certainly have to endure persecution" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ti/03/13.md b/2ti/03/13.md index f9060d8607..d478b8d6b3 100644 --- a/2ti/03/13.md +++ b/2ti/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ An imposter is a person who wants other people to think he is someone other, usu # leading others astray and being led astray Here, to lead someone astray is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: "deceiving and being deceived" or "teaching lies and believing lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/03/14.md b/2ti/03/14.md index 03e1ba800b..b6f0b006f6 100644 --- a/2ti/03/14.md +++ b/2ti/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # remain in the things that you have learned Paul speaks of biblical instruction as if it were a place that Timothy could stay in. Alternate translation: "do not forget what you learned" or "continue doing what you have learned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/03/15.md b/2ti/03/15.md index 67cdc1a282..cf0af5c2f5 100644 --- a/2ti/03/15.md +++ b/2ti/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sacred writings. These are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus Paul speaks of the message contained in the sacred writings as if it were the writings themselves and of those writings as if they were a person whose words could make a person wise. Alternate translation: "what is in the sacred writings. When you read the word of God, you can become wise so as to receive salvation from Christ Jesus by faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/2ti/03/16.md b/2ti/03/16.md index 9cefa78bca..5e8af19d96 100644 --- a/2ti/03/16.md +++ b/2ti/03/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some Bibles translate this as "All scripture is God-breathed." This means God pr # for training in righteousness "for training people to be righteous" - diff --git a/2ti/03/17.md b/2ti/03/17.md index 7e16b8fd40..e397e926cf 100644 --- a/2ti/03/17.md +++ b/2ti/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means any believer in God whether male or female. Alternate translation: "a # may be competent, equipped "may be completely prepared" - diff --git a/2ti/03/intro.md b/2ti/03/intro.md index b95212c3b9..4a248bb9c8 100644 --- a/2ti/03/intro.md +++ b/2ti/03/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # 2 Timothy 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The "last days" could mean in the future just before Jesus returns. If so, Paul is prophesying in verses 1-9 and 13 about those days. The "last days" could also mean the Christian age, including Paul's time. If so, what Paul teaches about being persecuted applies to all Christians. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "last days" could mean in the future just before Jesus returns. If so, Paul * __[2 Timothy 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/2ti/04/01.md b/2ti/04/01.md index 7fd04041ec..9c5893e2f3 100644 --- a/2ti/04/01.md +++ b/2ti/04/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "the living" and "the dead" are used together to mean all people. Alternate # the dead, and because of his appearing and his kingdom Here "kingdom" stands for Christ's rule as king. Alternate translation: "the dead when he returns to rule as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/02.md b/2ti/04/02.md index 7f2decc385..9a25b0dbf8 100644 --- a/2ti/04/02.md +++ b/2ti/04/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ tell someone he is guilty of doing wrong # exhort, with all patience and teaching "exhort, and teach the people, and always be patient with them" - diff --git a/2ti/04/03.md b/2ti/04/03.md index e438f082da..b50ec8a97e 100644 --- a/2ti/04/03.md +++ b/2ti/04/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul speaks of people obtaining many teachers as if they were putting them into # who say what their itching ears want to hear Paul speaks of people strongly wanting to hear something as if their ears itched and could only be satisfied if teachers taught them what they wanted to hear. Alternate translation: "who say only what they want so much to hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/04.md b/2ti/04/04.md index 670aff43a4..eb289bedd5 100644 --- a/2ti/04/04.md +++ b/2ti/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks about people no longer paying attention as if they were physically t # they will turn aside to myths Paul speaks about people starting to pay attention to myths as if they were physically turning towards them to listen. Alternate translation: "they will pay attention to teachings that are not true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/05.md b/2ti/04/05.md index 6d2bb51fb1..8e8409ed08 100644 --- a/2ti/04/05.md +++ b/2ti/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul wants Timothy to think correctly about everything, and he speaks about him # the work of an evangelist This means to tell people about who Jesus is, what he did for them, and how they are to live for him. - diff --git a/2ti/04/06.md b/2ti/04/06.md index 2ba4b2e1d4..5e8a8be61e 100644 --- a/2ti/04/06.md +++ b/2ti/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of his readiness to die as if he were a cup of wine being poured out # The time of my departure has come Here "departure" is a polite way of referring to death. Alternate translation: "Soon I will die and leave this world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/07.md b/2ti/04/07.md index 638750dbcd..7956d64df9 100644 --- a/2ti/04/07.md +++ b/2ti/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of his life of service to God as if he had been running a race on fo # I have kept the faith Paul speaks of his trust in Christ and his obedience to God as if they were a valuable object that he kept in his possession. Possible meanings are 1) "I have been faithful in doing my ministry" or 2) "I have kept the teachings about what we believe from any error" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/08.md b/2ti/04/08.md index 785f7bf616..299e8cb997 100644 --- a/2ti/04/08.md +++ b/2ti/04/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a wreath made of laurel tree leaves that was given to winners of athletic contes # but also to all those who have loved his appearing Paul speaks about this event as if it has already happened. It can be stated as a future event. Alternate translation: "but also he will give it to those who are eagerly waiting for him to return" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/09.md b/2ti/04/09.md index dd892406d2..db5278440a 100644 --- a/2ti/04/09.md +++ b/2ti/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul talks of specific people and how they behaved, of God's work for and to him # come ... quickly "come ... as soon as possible" - diff --git a/2ti/04/10.md b/2ti/04/10.md index 0abff1b1b6..49dcae9a07 100644 --- a/2ti/04/10.md +++ b/2ti/04/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two men had left Paul, but Paul is not saying that they also "love this pr # Dalmatia This is the name of a land region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/11.md b/2ti/04/11.md index 84f520ca26..424008edd5 100644 --- a/2ti/04/11.md +++ b/2ti/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he is useful to me in the service Possible meanings are 1) "he can help me in the ministry" or 2) "he can help me by serving me." - diff --git a/2ti/04/12.md b/2ti/04/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ti/04/12.md +++ b/2ti/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ti/04/13.md b/2ti/04/13.md index 0f3d909aaf..47435ab0fe 100644 --- a/2ti/04/13.md +++ b/2ti/04/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to scrolls. A scroll was a type of book made of one long sheet of pa # especially the parchments This may refer to a specific type of scroll. Alternate translation: "especially those made from animal skins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/14.md b/2ti/04/14.md index e8ff760560..cafaf56fa7 100644 --- a/2ti/04/14.md +++ b/2ti/04/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul speaks of punishment as if it were payment. Alternate translation: "The Lor # him ... his Alexander - diff --git a/2ti/04/15.md b/2ti/04/15.md index f290cf3013..35a7810097 100644 --- a/2ti/04/15.md +++ b/2ti/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Alexander. # opposed our words Here "words" refers to a message or teaching. Alternate translation: "opposed the message that we teach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/16.md b/2ti/04/16.md index 9fcbe798a8..145df1f0e0 100644 --- a/2ti/04/16.md +++ b/2ti/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # May it not be counted against them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May God not count it against them" or "I pray that God does not punish those believers for leaving me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/17.md b/2ti/04/17.md index d254b09e96..d99c640b61 100644 --- a/2ti/04/17.md +++ b/2ti/04/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that I was able to # I was rescued out of the lion's mouth Paul is speaking about danger as if he had been threatened by a lion. This danger could have been physical, spiritual, or both. Alternate translation: "I was rescued from great danger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/18.md b/2ti/04/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/2ti/04/18.md +++ b/2ti/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/2ti/04/19.md b/2ti/04/19.md index 564faa95c0..7481d83636 100644 --- a/2ti/04/19.md +++ b/2ti/04/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Onesiphorus This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [2 Timothy 1:16](../01/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/20.md b/2ti/04/20.md index 405df4d9b0..1107ac25bd 100644 --- a/2ti/04/20.md +++ b/2ti/04/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Miletus This is the name of a city to the south of Ephesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/21.md b/2ti/04/21.md index a7c3853583..83a8509098 100644 --- a/2ti/04/21.md +++ b/2ti/04/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a female name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # all the brothers Here "brothers" means all believers whether male or female. Alternate translation: "all the believers here" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/22.md b/2ti/04/22.md index cfd6abda27..db2af2680f 100644 --- a/2ti/04/22.md +++ b/2ti/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # May grace be with you "I pray that the Lord shows his grace to all of you there." Here "you" is plural and refers to all the believers there with Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/2ti/04/intro.md b/2ti/04/intro.md index a47de8689c..36558e7e5c 100644 --- a/2ti/04/intro.md +++ b/2ti/04/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # 2 Timothy 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +### "I give this solemn command" -#### "I give this solemn command" Paul begins to give personal instructions to Timothy. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Crown -#### Crown Scripture uses different kinds of crowns as images for different things. It appears Christ will award the crown in this chapter to believers as a reward for living rightly. ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Scripture uses different kinds of crowns as images for different things. It appe * __[2 Timothy 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/2ti/front/intro.md b/2ti/front/intro.md index 4fcc805027..4827f9f640 100644 --- a/2ti/front/intro.md +++ b/2ti/front/intro.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ This book is the second letter Paul wrote Timothy. Timothy was his disciple and ### What is the Book of 2 Timothy about? -Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matter. The topics he addressed include warnings about false teachers and enduring difficult situations. This letter also shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches. +Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matter. The topics he addressed include warnings about false teachers and enduring difficult situations. This letter also shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -53,4 +53,3 @@ For the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older version * "Warn them before God" (2:14). Some older translations read, "Warn them before the Lord." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/3jn/01/01.md b/3jn/01/01.md index 2d4060c951..a06d641275 100644 --- a/3jn/01/01.md +++ b/3jn/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a fellow believer to whom John is writing this letter. (See: [[rc://en/t # whom I love in truth "whom I truly love" - diff --git a/3jn/01/02.md b/3jn/01/02.md index f69e658008..32c89c30e3 100644 --- a/3jn/01/02.md +++ b/3jn/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # just as it is well with your soul "just as you are doing well spiritually" - diff --git a/3jn/01/03.md b/3jn/01/03.md index ca38a975e7..bea622a6ab 100644 --- a/3jn/01/03.md +++ b/3jn/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you walk in truth Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Alternate translation: "you are living your life according to God's truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/3jn/01/04.md b/3jn/01/04.md index b36db383e7..4be7d44aef 100644 --- a/3jn/01/04.md +++ b/3jn/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my children John speaks of those he taught to believe in Jesus as though they were his children. This emphasizes his love and concern for them. It could also be that he himself led them to the Lord. Alternate translation: "my spiritual children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/3jn/01/05.md b/3jn/01/05.md index 60060b0ab6..006d6848f2 100644 --- a/3jn/01/05.md +++ b/3jn/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this is used as a term of endearment for a fellow believer. # labor for the brothers and for strangers "help fellow believers and those you do not know" - diff --git a/3jn/01/06.md b/3jn/01/06.md index 10c7886a15..2d6d9ea345 100644 --- a/3jn/01/06.md +++ b/3jn/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You do well to send them John is thanking Gaius for his normal practice of helping these believers. - diff --git a/3jn/01/07.md b/3jn/01/07.md index 00b789d94b..a11550a9f9 100644 --- a/3jn/01/07.md +++ b/3jn/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ receiving no gifts or help # the Gentiles Here "Gentiles" means non-Jews who do not believe in Christ. - diff --git a/3jn/01/08.md b/3jn/01/08.md index d6eff96da9..d0564786a1 100644 --- a/3jn/01/08.md +++ b/3jn/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "we" refers to John and those with him, and possibly includes all # so that we will be fellow workers for the truth "so that we will cooperate with them in announcing God's truth to people" - diff --git a/3jn/01/09.md b/3jn/01/09.md index e7272f59b7..b12beb36e2 100644 --- a/3jn/01/09.md +++ b/3jn/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ He was a member of the congregation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names] # who loves to be first among them "who loves to be the most important one among them" or "who loves to act as though he's their leader" - diff --git a/3jn/01/10.md b/3jn/01/10.md index 16ec46a08e..ced5969cb1 100644 --- a/3jn/01/10.md +++ b/3jn/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # drives them out of the church "he forces them to leave the congregation" - diff --git a/3jn/01/11.md b/3jn/01/11.md index e2251b5950..4957040565 100644 --- a/3jn/01/11.md +++ b/3jn/01/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ There are words left out but they are understood. Alternate translation: "but im # has not seen God "does not belong to God" or "does not believe in God" - diff --git a/3jn/01/12.md b/3jn/01/12.md index 33c019c228..58c1ac9472 100644 --- a/3jn/01/12.md +++ b/3jn/01/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is probably a man whom John wants Gaius and the congregation to welcome whe # We also testify about him What John is confirming is implied and can be made specific here. Alternate translation: "We also testify about Demetrius" or "We also speak well of Demetrius" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/3jn/01/13.md b/3jn/01/13.md index 9814466a5e..3b3ea7c206 100644 --- a/3jn/01/13.md +++ b/3jn/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of John's letter to Gaius. He gives some final remarks and close # I do not wish to write them to you with pen and ink John does not wish to write these other things at all. He is not saying that he would write them with something other than pen and ink. - diff --git a/3jn/01/14.md b/3jn/01/14.md index 81bb63e085..6b3f0bf2f4 100644 --- a/3jn/01/14.md +++ b/3jn/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John wants to visit him, but he does not know with certainty that he would be ab # face to face "Face to face" here is an idiom, meaning "in person." Alternate translation: "in person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/3jn/01/15.md b/3jn/01/15.md index 5a465aaccc..8714371b64 100644 --- a/3jn/01/15.md +++ b/3jn/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Greet our friends there by name "Greet each of the believers there for me" - diff --git a/3jn/front/intro.md b/3jn/front/intro.md index b48786aa37..fe96d582c1 100644 --- a/3jn/front/intro.md +++ b/3jn/front/intro.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ The letter does not give the name of the author. The author only identified hims ### What is the Book of 3 John about? -John wrote this letter to a believer named Gaius. He instructed Gaius to be hospitable to fellow believers who were traveling through his area. +John wrote this letter to a believer named Gaius. He instructed Gaius to be hospitable to fellow believers who were traveling through his area. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -34,4 +34,3 @@ Hospitality was an important concept in the ancient Near East. It was important The author used the terms "brother" and "children" in a way that can be confusing. The scriptures often used the term "brothers" to refer to Jews. But in this letter, John used the word to refer to Christians. Also, John called some believers his "children." These are believers he taught to obey Christ. John also used the term "Gentile" in a way that could be confusing. The scriptures often used the term "Gentile" to refer to people who are not Jews. But in this letter, John used the word to refer to those who did not believe in Jesus. - diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 482ae3ca66..2a34ce9596 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ # translationNotes - English + Source for English translationNotes. See the [LICENSE](https://git.door43.org/Door43/tn-en/src/master/LICENSE.md) file for licensing information. - diff --git a/act/01/01.md b/act/01/01.md index d460ff66e2..23ce8cf15c 100644 --- a/act/01/01.md +++ b/act/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "former account" is the Gospel of Luke. # Theophilus Luke wrote this book to a man named Theophilus. Some translations follow their own culture's way of addressing a letter and write "Dear Theophilus" at the beginning of the sentence. Theophilus means "friend of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/01/02.md b/act/01/02.md index b76eaf5583..7ea2f7f220 100644 --- a/act/01/02.md +++ b/act/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Jesus's ascension into heaven. Alternate translation: "until the # he had given commands through the Holy Spirit The Holy Spirit had led Jesus to instruct his apostles on certain things. - diff --git a/act/01/03.md b/act/01/03.md index edc919c9d0..80e551635c 100644 --- a/act/01/03.md +++ b/act/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Jesus's suffering and death on the cross. # he presented himself alive to them Jesus appeared to his apostles and to many other disciples. - diff --git a/act/01/04.md b/act/01/04.md index 76a4d64f8e..9a9f1a3f0c 100644 --- a/act/01/04.md +++ b/act/01/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This event happened during the 40 days that Jesus appeared to his followers afte # the promise of the Father, about which he said This is a reference to the Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: "the Holy Spirit, whom the Father promised to send, about whom Jesus said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/01/05.md b/act/01/05.md index 1599af2949..946f317676 100644 --- a/act/01/05.md +++ b/act/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus contrasts how John baptized people in water with how God would baptize bel # you will be baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will baptize you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/01/06.md b/act/01/06.md index 4e5dbe4bc0..430bc0c329 100644 --- a/act/01/06.md +++ b/act/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to the apostles. # is this the time you will restore the kingdom to Israel "will you now make Israel a great kingdom again" - diff --git a/act/01/07.md b/act/01/07.md index 6612c866a4..6ff72c9634 100644 --- a/act/01/07.md +++ b/act/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the times or the seasons Possible meanings are 1) the words "times" and "seasons" refer to different kinds of time. Alternate translation: "the general period of time or the specific date" or 2) the two words are basically synonymous. Alternate translation: "the exact time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/act/01/08.md b/act/01/08.md index f88e6ef2e4..e3514f7685 100644 --- a/act/01/08.md +++ b/act/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The apostles will receive power that will enable them to be witnesses for Jesus. # to the ends of the earth Possible meanings are 1) "all over the world" or 2) "to the places on earth that are farthest away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/01/09.md b/act/01/09.md index 4c8eb777b6..37bd2751ab 100644 --- a/act/01/09.md +++ b/act/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he rose up into the s # a cloud hid him from their eyes "a cloud blocked their view so that they could no longer see him" - diff --git a/act/01/10.md b/act/01/10.md index af72f9aa56..f690901582 100644 --- a/act/01/10.md +++ b/act/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # looking intensely to heaven "staring at the sky" or "gazing at the sky" - diff --git a/act/01/11.md b/act/01/11.md index 2bb6ab3aaa..ae32aa1d2f 100644 --- a/act/01/11.md +++ b/act/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will return in the same manner Jesus ascended into the sky, through the clouds, and the clouds hid him [Acts 1:9](./09.md). He will return from the sky, through (or on) the clouds, and people will be able to see him. - diff --git a/act/01/12.md b/act/01/12.md index b8c413412f..ff28095822 100644 --- a/act/01/12.md +++ b/act/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a Sabbath day's journey This refers to the distance which, according to Rabbinical tradition, a person was allowed to walk on a Sabbath day. Alternate translation: "about one kilometer away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/01/13.md b/act/01/13.md index a4582617d8..73128b7626 100644 --- a/act/01/13.md +++ b/act/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the upper chamber "the room on the upper level of the house" - diff --git a/act/01/14.md b/act/01/14.md index e33de77dfe..2fcaad9e04 100644 --- a/act/01/14.md +++ b/act/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They all spent much time ... praying # with one purpose The phrase "with one purpose" translates a word that speaks of people who agree with each other and who work together to accomplish a common purpose. - diff --git a/act/01/15.md b/act/01/15.md index 58a0a12374..825732b773 100644 --- a/act/01/15.md +++ b/act/01/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "names" is a metonym for the people whose names they were. Alternate tr # in the midst of the brothers Here the word "brothers" refers to fellow believers and includes both men and women. - diff --git a/act/01/16.md b/act/01/16.md index a0aab9fcc3..4b0b1923d9 100644 --- a/act/01/16.md +++ b/act/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things that we re # by the mouth of David The word "mouth" refers to the words that David wrote. Alternate translation: "through the words of David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/01/17.md b/act/01/17.md index 2fa9b46067..6e8535ed61 100644 --- a/act/01/17.md +++ b/act/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Although Peter is addressing the entire group of people, here the word "us" refe # Connecting Statement: In verse 17 Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in [Acts 1:16](../01/16.md). - diff --git a/act/01/18.md b/act/01/18.md index c3b632df89..bff38da7e9 100644 --- a/act/01/18.md +++ b/act/01/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "this man" refers to Judas Iscariot. # there he fell headfirst, and his body burst open, and all his intestines poured out This suggests that Judas fell from a high place, rather than just falling down. The fall was severe enough to cause his body to burst open. Other passages of scripture mention that he hanged himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/01/19.md b/act/01/19.md index ea07a24ab0..9bbcc118eb 100644 --- a/act/01/19.md +++ b/act/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author finishes telling the reader background information about how Judas di # Field of Blood When the people living in Jerusalem heard of the way in which Judas died, they renamed the field. - diff --git a/act/01/20.md b/act/01/20.md index 894401de5c..974b81c41c 100644 --- a/act/01/20.md +++ b/act/01/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that the word "field" refers to the field where Judas d # be made desolate "become empty" - diff --git a/act/01/21.md b/act/01/21.md index 70a42f2b41..7b6cd47422 100644 --- a/act/01/21.md +++ b/act/01/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Based on the scriptures that he quoted and on what Judas had done, Peter tells t # the Lord Jesus went in and out among us Going in and out among a group of people is a metaphor for openly being part of that group. Alternate translation: "the Lord Jesus lived among us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/01/22.md b/act/01/22.md index 8b045aae35..cacd6da7a5 100644 --- a/act/01/22.md +++ b/act/01/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until the day when Je # become a witness with us of his resurrection "must begin to testify with us about his resurrection" - diff --git a/act/01/23.md b/act/01/23.md index 546b7b2ea4..5bb5a222e9 100644 --- a/act/01/23.md +++ b/act/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "They" refers to all of the believers who were present. Alternate # Joseph called Barsabbas, who was also called Justus This can be translated with an active form. Alternate translation: "Joseph, whom people also called Barsabbas and Justus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/01/24.md b/act/01/24.md index b66a34a51b..06b064c356 100644 --- a/act/01/24.md +++ b/act/01/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "They" refers to all of the believers, but it was probably one of # You, Lord, know the hearts of all people Here the word "hearts" refers to the thoughts and motives. Alternate translation: "You, Lord, know the thoughts and motives of everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/01/25.md b/act/01/25.md index b992135a28..9ac2780ffd 100644 --- a/act/01/25.md +++ b/act/01/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the expression "turned away" means that Judas stopped performing this minis # to go to his own place This phrase refers to Judas's death and likely to his judgment after death. Alternate translation: "to go where he belongs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/act/01/26.md b/act/01/26.md index c8e4222955..afb2b7f88a 100644 --- a/act/01/26.md +++ b/act/01/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The lot indicated that Matthias was the one to replace Judas. # he was numbered with the eleven apostles This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the believers considered him to be an apostle with the other eleven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/01/intro.md b/act/01/intro.md index e3c5b0c5de..82f0f84967 100644 --- a/act/01/intro.md +++ b/act/01/intro.md @@ -1,44 +1,44 @@ # Acts 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter records an event, commonly known as the "Ascension," when Jesus returned to heaven after he became alive again. He will not come back until he returns at his "second coming." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]]) -The UDB has set the words "Dear Theophilus" apart from the other words. This is because English speakers often start letters this way. You might want to start this book the way people start letters in your culture. +The UDB has set the words "Dear Theophilus" apart from the other words. This is because English speakers often start letters this way. You might want to start this book the way people start letters in your culture. -Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the two quotes from Psalms in 1:20. +Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the two quotes from Psalms in 1:20. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Baptize +### Baptize The word "baptize" has two meanings in this chapter. It refers to the water baptism of John and to the baptism of the Holy Spirit ([Acts 1:5](../../act/01/05.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/baptize]]) -#### "He spoke about the kingdom of God" +### "He spoke about the kingdom of God" Some scholars believe that when Jesus "spoke about the kingdom of God," he explained to the disciples why the kingdom of God did not come before he died. Others believe that the kingdom of God did begin while Jesus was alive and that here Jesus was explaining that it was beginning in a new form. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### The twelve disciples +### The twelve disciples The following are the lists of the twelve disciples: -In Matthew: +In Matthew: Simon (Peter), Andrew, James son of Zebedee, John son of Zebedee, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot. In Mark: -Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot. +Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot. In Luke: Simon (Peter), Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Simon (who was called the Zealot), Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot. -Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James. +Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James. -#### Akeldama +### Akeldama This is a phrase in Hebrew or Aramaic. Luke used Greek letters so his readers would know how it sounded, and then he told what it means. You should probably spell it the way it sounds in your language and then explain the meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) @@ -48,4 +48,3 @@ This is a phrase in Hebrew or Aramaic. Luke used Greek letters so his readers wo * __[Acts intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/02/01.md b/act/02/01.md index bd7f8219d2..ef93d36918 100644 --- a/act/02/01.md +++ b/act/02/01.md @@ -2,4 +2,3 @@ This is a new event; it is now the Day of Pentecost, 50 days after Passover. Here the word "they" refers to the apostles and the other 120 believers that Luke mentions in [Acts 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/act/02/02.md b/act/02/02.md index ad3c3e1540..064df57a46 100644 --- a/act/02/02.md +++ b/act/02/02.md @@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ This word explains that no one expected to hear the sound or to have it fill the Possible meanings are 1) "heaven" refers to the place where God lives. Alternate translation: "a sound came from heaven" or 2) "heaven" refers to the sky. Alternate translation: "a sound came from the sky" - # the whole house This may have been a house or a larger building. - diff --git a/act/02/03.md b/act/02/03.md index 90e51a7118..b615e4cf51 100644 --- a/act/02/03.md +++ b/act/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These might have been something that looked like tongues or like fire, not actua # that were distributed, and they sat upon each one of them This means that the "tongues like fire" spread out so that there was one on each person. - diff --git a/act/02/04.md b/act/02/04.md index 7fe7f96f1b..25b422cbd9 100644 --- a/act/02/04.md +++ b/act/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They were speaking in languages that they did not already know. # as the Spirit gave them the ability The Holy Spirit gave them the ability to speak; they were dependent on the Spirit to speak in different languages. - diff --git a/act/02/05.md b/act/02/05.md index 5f601495c0..2feaf3d6e1 100644 --- a/act/02/05.md +++ b/act/02/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "godly men" refers to people who were devout in their worship of God and tr # every nation under heaven "every nation in the world." The word "every" is an exaggeration that emphasizes that the people came from many different nations. Alternate translation: "many different nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/act/02/06.md b/act/02/06.md index 250281b49c..c94bf53e35 100644 --- a/act/02/06.md +++ b/act/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the sound that was similar to a strong wind. Alternate translatio # the multitude "the large crowd of people" - diff --git a/act/02/07.md b/act/02/07.md index 9f872a8700..2deb328a27 100644 --- a/act/02/07.md +++ b/act/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two words share similar meanings. Together they emphasize the intensity of # Really, are not all these who are speaking Galileans? The people ask this question to express their amazement. The question could be changed to an exclamation. Alternate translation: "All of these Galileans could not possibly know our languages!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/act/02/08.md b/act/02/08.md index 0dba8e3169..57730dea08 100644 --- a/act/02/08.md +++ b/act/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a rhetorical question that expresses how amazed # in our own language in which we were born "in our own languages that we have learned from birth" - diff --git a/act/02/09.md b/act/02/09.md index 3c490ff797..9cbc35b061 100644 --- a/act/02/09.md +++ b/act/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Mesopotamia ... Judea ... Cappadocia ... Pontus ... Asia These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/02/10.md b/act/02/10.md index e40af889db..0a69c35f6c 100644 --- a/act/02/10.md +++ b/act/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Phrygia ... Pamphylia ... Egypt ... Libya ... Cyrene These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/02/11.md b/act/02/11.md index e2b2a97523..eebb635d23 100644 --- a/act/02/11.md +++ b/act/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # proselytes converts to the Jewish religion - diff --git a/act/02/12.md b/act/02/12.md index f6585b409c..c9a9dd116a 100644 --- a/act/02/12.md +++ b/act/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # amazed and perplexed These two words share similar meanings. Together they emphasize that the people could not understand what was happening. Alternate translation: "surprised and confused" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/act/02/13.md b/act/02/13.md index 0e4595f6ae..2c9c7a7562 100644 --- a/act/02/13.md +++ b/act/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some people accuse the believers of having drunk too much wine. Alternate transl # new wine This refers to wine that is in the process of fermentation. - diff --git a/act/02/14.md b/act/02/14.md index bf02ff3c5f..bea334c2c2 100644 --- a/act/02/14.md +++ b/act/02/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means that Peter is about to explain the meaning of what the people had wit # pay attention to my words Peter was referring to what he was saying. Alternate translation: "listen carefully to what I am saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/02/15.md b/act/02/15.md index 7fbd5d45a3..e9d94f12f3 100644 --- a/act/02/15.md +++ b/act/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is only the third hour of the day "It is only nine o'clock in the morning." Peter expected his audience to know that people do not get drunk that early in the day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/02/16.md b/act/02/16.md index c4e8675a12..b425ad833f 100644 --- a/act/02/16.md +++ b/act/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Peter tells them a passage about which the prophet Joel wrote in the Old Te # this is what was spoken through the prophet Joel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this is what God told the prophet Joel to write" or "this is that which the prophet Joel spoke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/02/17.md b/act/02/17.md index 743d5e3760..7d7f202db9 100644 --- a/act/02/17.md +++ b/act/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "pour out" mean to give generously and abundantly. Alternate tran # all flesh This is a hyperbolic metonym that refers to all people by speaking of them as all living creatures, who have flesh. Alternate translation: "all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/02/18.md b/act/02/18.md index 198ac37405..4d70d0435f 100644 --- a/act/02/18.md +++ b/act/02/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter continues to quote the prophet Joel. # I will pour out my Spirit Here the words "pour out" mean to give generously and abundantly. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: "I will give my Spirit abundantly to all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/02/19.md b/act/02/19.md index 5f7ef89d82..e5e1f2b8ad 100644 --- a/act/02/19.md +++ b/act/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # vapor of smoke "thick smoke" or "clouds of smoke" - diff --git a/act/02/20.md b/act/02/20.md index b79a4e0a15..4615b5dd98 100644 --- a/act/02/20.md +++ b/act/02/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "great" and "remarkable" share similar meanings and emphasize the inte # remarkable great and beautiful - diff --git a/act/02/21.md b/act/02/21.md index 21c72d6bf4..a003cf58c0 100644 --- a/act/02/21.md +++ b/act/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Lord will save everyone who calls on him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/02/22.md b/act/02/22.md index dcf5a828fa..18d88eb142 100644 --- a/act/02/22.md +++ b/act/02/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [Acts 1:16](../01/16.md) # accredited to you by God with the mighty deeds and wonders and signs This means that God proved that he had appointed Jesus for his mission, and proved who he was by his many miracles. - diff --git a/act/02/23.md b/act/02/23.md index 060a052ce6..7b361a9444 100644 --- a/act/02/23.md +++ b/act/02/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to the actions of the lawless men. Alternate translation: "th # lawless men Possible meanings are 1) the unbelieving Jews who accused Jesus of crimes or 2) the Roman soldiers who performed the execution of Jesus. - diff --git a/act/02/24.md b/act/02/24.md index adbc9574e6..a9efdbc8ed 100644 --- a/act/02/24.md +++ b/act/02/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for death to hold him # for him to be held by it Peter speaks of Christ remaining dead as if death were a person who held him captive. Alternate translation: "for him to remain dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/act/02/25.md b/act/02/25.md index 4b7b37f2d5..e5a858f4ff 100644 --- a/act/02/25.md +++ b/act/02/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ To be at someone's "right hand" often means to be in a position to help and sust # I should not be moved Here the word "moved" means to be troubled. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will not be able to cause me trouble" or "nothing will trouble me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/02/26.md b/act/02/26.md index fb954f7f37..a7781efca1 100644 --- a/act/02/26.md +++ b/act/02/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings of the phrase "my flesh" are 1) it indicates that the writer i # will live in hope Here the word "hope" refers to a person's confidence that what he desires will happen. Since the speaker hoped that God would rescue him, "in hope" could be translated as "in confidence in God." The phrase "live in hope" can also be translated with the phrases "confidently expect," "confidently wait," or "trust." Alternate translation: "will live with confidence in God" or "will confidently wait for God to rescue me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/02/27.md b/act/02/27.md index 5d0a3f6000..4cbac30436 100644 --- a/act/02/27.md +++ b/act/02/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Messiah, Jesus, refers to himself with the words "your Holy One." Alternate # to see decay Here the word "see" means to experience something. The word "decay" refers to the decomposition of his body after death. Alternate translation: "to decay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/02/28.md b/act/02/28.md index 2673faa9de..318b8fd75e 100644 --- a/act/02/28.md +++ b/act/02/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "face" refers to the presence of God. Alternate translation: "very # gladness joy, happiness - diff --git a/act/02/29.md b/act/02/29.md index 566e8b49c3..fd2a4d2078 100644 --- a/act/02/29.md +++ b/act/02/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Or "it is possible." He is able to speak because it is proper for him to do so. # he both died and was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he died and people buried him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/02/30.md b/act/02/30.md index 3f259bb762..5215f57a52 100644 --- a/act/02/30.md +++ b/act/02/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # one of the fruit of his loins This is a metaphor for a child or other descendant. Alternate translation: "one of his children" or "one of his descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/02/31.md b/act/02/31.md index 23999276c0..7281e8a65e 100644 --- a/act/02/31.md +++ b/act/02/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Neither did God aband # did his flesh see decay Here the word "see" means to experience something. The word "decay" refers to the decomposition of his body after death. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:27](../02/27.md). Alternate translation: "did his flesh decay" or "did he remain dead long enough for his flesh to decay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/02/32.md b/act/02/32.md index c27c919efe..c679929558 100644 --- a/act/02/32.md +++ b/act/02/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # This Jesus—God raised him up Peter talks again about Jesus. Alternate Translation: "It is this Jesus whom God raised up" or "God raised up this Jesus" @@ -6,4 +5,3 @@ Peter talks again about Jesus. Alternate Translation: "It is this Jesus whom God # God raised him up This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "God caused him to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/02/33.md b/act/02/33.md index 00ebd63038..46571b1aa5 100644 --- a/act/02/33.md +++ b/act/02/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the words "poured out" mean that Jesus, who is God, made these events to ha # has poured out "has given generously and abundantly." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: "given abundantly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/02/34.md b/act/02/34.md index 84c3e2f76b..b402f97d2d 100644 --- a/act/02/34.md +++ b/act/02/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter finishes his speech to the Jews that he began in [Acts 1:16](../01/16.md). # Sit at my right hand To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "Sit in the place of honor beside me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/act/02/35.md b/act/02/35.md index cb1be2857b..76167f35ff 100644 --- a/act/02/35.md +++ b/act/02/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until I make your enemies the footstool for your feet This means that God will completely defeat the Messiah's enemies and make them subject to him. Alternate translation: "until I make you victorious over all of your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/02/36.md b/act/02/36.md index f59084860d..c973875413 100644 --- a/act/02/36.md +++ b/act/02/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the house of Israel This refers to the entire nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "every Israelite" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/02/37.md b/act/02/37.md index 2b814ca2e5..30b61020a2 100644 --- a/act/02/37.md +++ b/act/02/37.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Peter's words pierced # pierced in their hearts This means that the people felt guilty and became very sad. Alternate translation: "deeply troubled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/02/38.md b/act/02/38.md index ed44fa264e..b794fd4fde 100644 --- a/act/02/38.md +++ b/act/02/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "allow us to baptize y # in the name of Jesus Christ "In the name of" here is a metonym for "by the authority of" Alternate translation: "by the authority of Jesus Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/02/39.md b/act/02/39.md index 86f9ca47ba..6983774a20 100644 --- a/act/02/39.md +++ b/act/02/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all who are far off This means either 1) "all people who live far away" or 2) "all people who are far from God." - diff --git a/act/02/40.md b/act/02/40.md index 0bdd27bb4b..dfd893eb5e 100644 --- a/act/02/40.md +++ b/act/02/40.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ or "pleaded with" The implication is that God will punish "this perverse generation." Alternate translation: "Be saved from the punishment that these wicked people will suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # Be saved -Possible meanings are 1) Peter was urging people to let God save them. Alternate translation: "Let God save you," or 2) Peter was simply urging them in a general way to avoid being punished. Alternate translation: "Save yourselves" or "Flee" or "Escape" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) +Possible meanings are 1) Peter was urging people to let God save them. Alternate translation: "Let God save you," or 2) Peter was simply urging them in a general way to avoid being punished. Alternate translation: "Save yourselves" or "Flee" or "Escape" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/02/41.md b/act/02/41.md index 7037899e2c..a94948fcfa 100644 --- a/act/02/41.md +++ b/act/02/41.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "about three thousand # about three thousand souls Here the word "souls" refers to people. Alternate translation: "about 3,000 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/act/02/42.md b/act/02/42.md index f5a0246ad3..d024c69d77 100644 --- a/act/02/42.md +++ b/act/02/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This section explains how the believers continued to live after the Day of Pente # the breaking of bread Bread was part of their meals. These words could refer to 1) any meals they might eat together. Alternate translation: "eating meals together" or 2) meals they would eat together in order to remember Christ's death and resurrection. Alternate translation: "eating the Lord's Supper together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/02/43.md b/act/02/43.md index 1a4a577947..1095d876a3 100644 --- a/act/02/43.md +++ b/act/02/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the apostles performed many wonders and signs" or 2) " # wonders and signs "miraculous deeds and supernatural events." See how you translated this in [Acts 2:22](../02/22.md). - diff --git a/act/02/44.md b/act/02/44.md index 50f3e07040..da16c65d5b 100644 --- a/act/02/44.md +++ b/act/02/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "All of them believed the same thing" or 2) "All who be # had all things in common "shared their belongings with one another" - diff --git a/act/02/45.md b/act/02/45.md index a24afe1f4c..261bb97b7e 100644 --- a/act/02/45.md +++ b/act/02/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to the profit that they made from selling their prop # according to the needs anyone had They distributed the proceeds that they earned from selling their property and possessions to any believer who had a need. - diff --git a/act/02/46.md b/act/02/46.md index c7c63d9158..281a58bd53 100644 --- a/act/02/46.md +++ b/act/02/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase translates a word that speaks of people who agree with each other an # They also broke bread in homes Bread was part of their meals. Alternate translation: "They also ate meals together in their homes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/02/47.md b/act/02/47.md index cc6f500c49..94443dc05d 100644 --- a/act/02/47.md +++ b/act/02/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # those who were being saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom the Lord saved" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/02/intro.md b/act/02/intro.md index ef21deb849..f6b0c6e022 100644 --- a/act/02/intro.md +++ b/act/02/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Acts 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 2:17-21, 25-28, and 34-35. @@ -8,25 +8,25 @@ Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on The events described in this chapter are commonly called "Pentecost." Many people believe that the church began to exist when the Holy Spirit came to live inside believers at Pentecost. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Tongues +### Tongues -The word "tongues" has two meanings in this chapter. Luke describes what came down from heaven ([Acts 2:3](../../act/02/03.md)) as tongues that looked like fire. This is different from "a tongue of flame," which is a fire that looks like a tongue. Luke also uses the word "tongues" to describe the languages that the people spoke after the Holy Spirit filled them ([Acts 2:4](../02/04.md)). +The word "tongues" has two meanings in this chapter. Luke describes what came down from heaven ([Acts 2:3](../../act/02/03.md)) as tongues that looked like fire. This is different from "a tongue of flame," which is a fire that looks like a tongue. Luke also uses the word "tongues" to describe the languages that the people spoke after the Holy Spirit filled them ([Acts 2:4](../02/04.md)). -#### Last days +### Last days No one knows for sure when the "last days" ([Acts 2:17](../../act/02/17.md)) began. Your translation should not say more than the ULB does about this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) -#### Baptize +### Baptize The word "baptize" in this chapter refers to Christian baptism ([Acts 2:38-41](../02/38.md)). Though the event described in [Acts 2:1-11](./01.md) is the baptism of the Holy Spirit that Jesus promised in [Acts 1:5](../../act/01/05.md), the word "baptize" here does not refer to that event. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/baptize]]) -#### The prophecy of Joel +### The prophecy of Joel Many of the things that Joel said would happen did happen on the day of Pentecost ([Acts 2:17-18](../02/17.md)), but some things Joel spoke of have not happened yet ([Acts 2:19-20](../02/19.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -#### Wonders and signs +### Wonders and signs These words refer to things that only God could do, things that showed that Jesus was who the disciples said he was. @@ -35,4 +35,3 @@ These words refer to things that only God could do, things that showed that Jesu * __[Acts 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/03/01.md b/act/03/01.md index 8de9041919..7622108e81 100644 --- a/act/03/01.md +++ b/act/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ One day Peter and John go to the temple. # into the temple They did not go into the temple building where only the priests were allowed. Alternate translation: "to the temple courtyard" or "into the temple area" - diff --git a/act/03/02.md b/act/03/02.md index 56db5c83de..b49602e6ab 100644 --- a/act/03/02.md +++ b/act/03/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was one of the gates in the high, strong wall that surrounded the temple. P # lame unable to walk - diff --git a/act/03/03.md b/act/03/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/03/03.md +++ b/act/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/03/04.md b/act/03/04.md index 243e801f3c..fc05e895f3 100644 --- a/act/03/04.md +++ b/act/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both Peter and John looked at the man, but only Peter spoke. # fastening his eyes upon him Possible meanings are 1) "looking directly at him" or 2) "looking intently at him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/03/05.md b/act/03/05.md index 53799322c4..8d0ae22461 100644 --- a/act/03/05.md +++ b/act/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The lame man looked at them Here the word "looked" means to pay attention to something. Alternate translation: "The lame man paid close attention to them" - diff --git a/act/03/06.md b/act/03/06.md index ffa158057d..b6134845d1 100644 --- a/act/03/06.md +++ b/act/03/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is understood that Peter has the ability to heal the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # In the name of Jesus Christ Here the word "name" refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: "With the authority of Jesus Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/03/07.md b/act/03/07.md index aee49b1a1d..abd6a05bd4 100644 --- a/act/03/07.md +++ b/act/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Peter raised him up "Peter caused him to stand" - diff --git a/act/03/08.md b/act/03/08.md index 35589f2b28..f93a5cdaf3 100644 --- a/act/03/08.md +++ b/act/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he entered ... into the temple He did not go inside the temple building where only the priests were allowed. Alternate translation: "he entered ... the temple area" or "he entered ... into the temple courtyard" - diff --git a/act/03/09.md b/act/03/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/03/09.md +++ b/act/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/03/10.md b/act/03/10.md index e9f9ecfd8a..dd532c378b 100644 --- a/act/03/10.md +++ b/act/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the name of one of the entrances to the temple area. See how you transl # they were filled with wonder and amazement Here the words "wonder" and "amazement" share similar meanings and emphasize the intensity of the people's amazement. Alternate translation: "they were extremely amazed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/act/03/11.md b/act/03/11.md index b1cc156ca6..a44bfa5124 100644 --- a/act/03/11.md +++ b/act/03/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ After healing the man who could not walk, Peter talks to the people. # greatly marveling "extremely surprised" - diff --git a/act/03/12.md b/act/03/12.md index 841f95b573..2ecefca988 100644 --- a/act/03/12.md +++ b/act/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Peter asks this question to emphasize that the people should not think that he a # fix your eyes on us This means that they looked intently at them without stopping. Alternate translation: "stare at us" or "look at us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/03/13.md b/act/03/13.md index db9c8c30a9..0e8bbfbe50 100644 --- a/act/03/13.md +++ b/act/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the phrase "before the face of" means "in the presence of." Alternate trans # when he had decided to release him "when Pilate had decided to release Jesus" - diff --git a/act/03/14.md b/act/03/14.md index ffe2a42850..271475aaae 100644 --- a/act/03/14.md +++ b/act/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for a murderer to be given to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for Pilate to release a murderer to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/03/15.md b/act/03/15.md index 24e538898b..69a948c196 100644 --- a/act/03/15.md +++ b/act/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "we" includes just Peter and John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # the Founder of life This refers to Jesus. Possible meanings are 1) "the one who gives people eternal life" or 2) "the ruler of life" or 3) "the one who leads people to life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/03/16.md b/act/03/16.md index 5105990804..5237e397dd 100644 --- a/act/03/16.md +++ b/act/03/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "his name" is a metonym either for Jesus or for Jesus's power. (See: # The faith that is through Jesus Possible meanings are 1) this is the faith that Jesus enables people to have. Alternate translation: "The faith that comes from Jesus" or 2) this is faith in Jesus. - diff --git a/act/03/17.md b/act/03/17.md index 2988e5858f..ec43ddc8e9 100644 --- a/act/03/17.md +++ b/act/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Peter shifts the audience's attention from the lame man and continues to ta # you acted in ignorance Possible meanings are 1) that the people did not know that Jesus was the Messiah or 2) that the people did not understand the significance of what they were doing. - diff --git a/act/03/18.md b/act/03/18.md index 02bfc24d27..ca50fed307 100644 --- a/act/03/18.md +++ b/act/03/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ When the prophets spoke, it was as though God himself was speaking because he to # the mouth of all the prophets Here the word "mouth" refers to the words that the prophets spoke and wrote down. Alternate translation: "the words of all the prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/03/19.md b/act/03/19.md index 1ce7a065dd..717d1210f3 100644 --- a/act/03/19.md +++ b/act/03/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so that your sins may be blotted out Here "blotted out" is a metaphor for forgiving. Sins are spoken of as if they are written in a book and God erases them from the book when he forgives them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that God will forgive you for sinning against him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/03/20.md b/act/03/20.md index 702e016091..b9db128b28 100644 --- a/act/03/20.md +++ b/act/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# times of refreshing +# times of refreshing Possible meanings are 1) "times when God will strengthen your spirits" or 2) "times when God will revive you" @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the words "presence of the Lord" is a metonym for the Lord himself. Alterna # who has been appointed for you This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom he has appointed for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/03/21.md b/act/03/21.md index ce6987c71a..91aff19b3a 100644 --- a/act/03/21.md +++ b/act/03/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ When the prophets spoke long ago, it was as if God himself was speaking because # the mouth of his holy prophets Here the word "mouth" refers to the words that the prophets spoke and wrote down. Alternate translation: "the words of his holy prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/03/22.md b/act/03/22.md index 0301f1d56b..c0c85592c9 100644 --- a/act/03/22.md +++ b/act/03/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter begins to quote something Moses told the Israelites before the Messiah cam # your brothers "your nation" - diff --git a/act/03/23.md b/act/03/23.md index 7014a6953a..1021c6d510 100644 --- a/act/03/23.md +++ b/act/03/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that prophet will be completely destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that prophet, God will completely destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/03/24.md b/act/03/24.md index 2af4ed91cd..d03ca98a83 100644 --- a/act/03/24.md +++ b/act/03/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Peter finishes his speech to the Jews that he began in [Acts 3:12](../03/12.md). # these days "these times" or "the things that are happening now" - diff --git a/act/03/25.md b/act/03/25.md index 13e98a9ada..15541acc2e 100644 --- a/act/03/25.md +++ b/act/03/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "sons" refers to heirs who will receive what the prophets and the # all the families of the earth will be blessed Here the word "families" refers to people groups or nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will bless all the people groups in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/03/26.md b/act/03/26.md index 0c40919ef1..21afaae31c 100644 --- a/act/03/26.md +++ b/act/03/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the Messiah, Jesus. # turning every one of you from your wickedness Here "turning ... from" is a metaphor for causing someone stop doing something. Alternate translation: "causing every one of you to stop doing wicked things" or "causing every one of you to repent from your wickedness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/03/intro.md b/act/03/intro.md index fa55e4ca7f..ac4c39c277 100644 --- a/act/03/intro.md +++ b/act/03/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Acts 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The covenant God made with Abraham +### The covenant God made with Abraham This chapter explains that Jesus came to the Jews because God was fulfilling part of the covenant he had made with Abraham. Peter thought that the Jews were the ones who were truly guilty of killing Jesus, but he wanted them to understand that Jesus, by living and dying, had fulfilled God's promise to Abraham and that if they repented, God would forgive them. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "You delivered up" +### "You delivered up" The Romans were the ones who killed Jesus, but they killed him because the Jews captured him, brought him to the Romans, and told the Romans to kill him. For this reason Peter thought that they were the ones who were truly guilty of killing Jesus. But he tells them that they are also the first ones to whom God has sent Jesus's followers to invite them to repent ([Acts 3:26](../../act/03/26.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Romans were the ones who killed Jesus, but they killed him because the Jews * __[Acts 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/04/01.md b/act/04/01.md index ea8afa36ee..f4955d76d5 100644 --- a/act/04/01.md +++ b/act/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The religious leaders arrest Peter and John after Peter's having healed the man # came upon them "approached them" or "came to them" - diff --git a/act/04/02.md b/act/04/02.md index 1603d91971..03f41fe8b5 100644 --- a/act/04/02.md +++ b/act/04/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter and John were saying that God would raise people from the dead in the same # from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again. - diff --git a/act/04/03.md b/act/04/03.md index 2e2f1f1a59..41fbf1451e 100644 --- a/act/04/03.md +++ b/act/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # since it was now evening It was common practice not to question people at night. - diff --git a/act/04/04.md b/act/04/04.md index f43761fbd8..48116816a4 100644 --- a/act/04/04.md +++ b/act/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers only to men and does not include how many women or children believed # was about five thousand "grew to about five thousand" - diff --git a/act/04/05.md b/act/04/05.md index da17ec993c..706a6b9a7d 100644 --- a/act/04/05.md +++ b/act/04/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a # their rulers, elders, and scribes This is a reference to the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling court, which consisted of these three groups of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/04/06.md b/act/04/06.md index 7b78bdabc5..92c1429110 100644 --- a/act/04/06.md +++ b/act/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # John, and Alexander These two men were members of the high priest's family. This is not the same John as the apostle. - diff --git a/act/04/07.md b/act/04/07.md index 8e6b01a26b..4f0b0f1659 100644 --- a/act/04/07.md +++ b/act/04/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in what name Here the word "name" refers to authority. Alternate translation: "by whose authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/04/08.md b/act/04/08.md index 5b4fc36868..57f945b94e 100644 --- a/act/04/08.md +++ b/act/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, said This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "God filled Peter with the Holy Spirit, and Peter said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/04/09.md b/act/04/09.md index 232019c66e..d887918935 100644 --- a/act/04/09.md +++ b/act/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you are questioning u # by what means this man was healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "by what means we have made this man well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/04/10.md b/act/04/10.md index 4ce922aa63..fe79ab337a 100644 --- a/act/04/10.md +++ b/act/04/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "name" refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: "by t # whom God raised from the dead Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: "whom God caused to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/04/11.md b/act/04/11.md index 6efc2b2898..78f1a17047 100644 --- a/act/04/11.md +++ b/act/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious le # you builders rejected "you builders thought was worth nothing" - diff --git a/act/04/12.md b/act/04/12.md index 0fd053b17d..2b67851f3c 100644 --- a/act/04/12.md +++ b/act/04/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a way of referring to everywhere in the world. Alternate translation: "i # by which we must be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which can save us" or "who can save us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/04/13.md b/act/04/13.md index a5fd107b2c..462ded0640 100644 --- a/act/04/13.md +++ b/act/04/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The Jewish leaders "realized" this because of the way Peter and John spoke. (See # ordinary, uneducated men The words "ordinary" and "uneducated" share similar meanings. They emphasize that Peter and John had received no formal training in Jewish law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/act/04/14.md b/act/04/14.md index 91da5b36a8..7561c2f711 100644 --- a/act/04/14.md +++ b/act/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the man whom Peter an # nothing to say against this "nothing to say against Peter and John's healing of the man." Here the word "this" refers to what Peter and John had done. - diff --git a/act/04/15.md b/act/04/15.md index 1b44883c72..c233030d05 100644 --- a/act/04/15.md +++ b/act/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the apostles This refers to Peter and John. - diff --git a/act/04/16.md b/act/04/16.md index 779a4b6855..dcf95b82ab 100644 --- a/act/04/16.md +++ b/act/04/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The miracle of healing was a sign that Peter and John were obeying God, who did # everyone who lives in Jerusalem This is a generalization. It may also be an exaggeration to show that the leaders think that this is a very big problem. Alternate translation: "many of the people who live in Jerusalem" or "people who live throughout Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/act/04/17.md b/act/04/17.md index a3972cd2eb..7fbe68200a 100644 --- a/act/04/17.md +++ b/act/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "it" refers to any miracles or teaching Peter and John might conti # not to speak anymore to anyone in this name Here the word "name" refers to the person of Jesus. Alternate translation: "not to speak anymore to anyone about this person, Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/04/18.md b/act/04/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/04/18.md +++ b/act/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/04/19.md b/act/04/19.md index 0a34b6d88b..ec003ff919 100644 --- a/act/04/19.md +++ b/act/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whether it is proper in the sight of God Here the phrase "in the sight of God" refers to God's opinion. Alternate translation: "Whether God thinks it is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/04/20.md b/act/04/20.md index 9a6102e398..92208b91e4 100644 --- a/act/04/20.md +++ b/act/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here the word "we" refers to Peter and John but not to those whom they are addressing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/act/04/21.md b/act/04/21.md index 912abaab4b..b64c427109 100644 --- a/act/04/21.md +++ b/act/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Although the Jewish leaders threatened Peter and John, they could not find a rea # for what had been done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for what Peter and John had done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/04/22.md b/act/04/22.md index d7353a1dcb..44dd7dcd1e 100644 --- a/act/04/22.md +++ b/act/04/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This verse gives background information about the age of the lame man who was he # this sign The miracle of healing was a sign that Peter and John were obeying God, who did the healing. - diff --git a/act/04/23.md b/act/04/23.md index 6434e10421..87083f4856 100644 --- a/act/04/23.md +++ b/act/04/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # came to their own people The phrase "their own people" refers to the rest of the believers. Alternate translation: "went to the other believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/04/24.md b/act/04/24.md index 750ea13ab1..a654becf90 100644 --- a/act/04/24.md +++ b/act/04/24.md @@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ Speaking together, the people quote a Psalm of David from the Old Testament. Here the word "they" refers to the rest of the believers, but not to Peter and John. -# they raised their voices with one purpose to God +# they raised their voices with one purpose to God To raise the voice is an idiom for speaking. "they began speaking with one purpose to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # with one purpose This phrase translates a word that speaks of people who agree with each other and who work together to accomplish a common purpose. - diff --git a/act/04/25.md b/act/04/25.md index 66d9ad79fd..704f51ee13 100644 --- a/act/04/25.md +++ b/act/04/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These "useless things" consist of plans to oppose God. Alternate translation: "t # peoples people groups - diff --git a/act/04/26.md b/act/04/26.md index 32a49b6186..6fe58319ad 100644 --- a/act/04/26.md +++ b/act/04/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean that they joined their armies together to fight a battle. # against the Lord, and against his Christ Here the word "Lord" refers to God. In the Psalms, the word "Christ" refers to the Messiah or God's anointed one. - diff --git a/act/04/27.md b/act/04/27.md index 836bc3af05..e3730a5260 100644 --- a/act/04/27.md +++ b/act/04/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The believers continue praying. # your holy servant Jesus "Jesus, who serves you faithfully" - diff --git a/act/04/28.md b/act/04/28.md index 6333da4652..a738e2a9f0 100644 --- a/act/04/28.md +++ b/act/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to do all that your hand and your plan had decided Here the word "hand" is used to mean God's power. Additionally, the phrase "your hand and your desire decided" shows God's power and plan. Alternate translation: "to do all that you in your power had decided and planned they would do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/04/29.md b/act/04/29.md index 7a011162ca..0d3a4c64b1 100644 --- a/act/04/29.md +++ b/act/04/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "look upon" are a request for God to take notice of the way in wh # speak your word with all boldness The word "word" here is a metonym for God's message. The abstract noun "boldness" can be translated as an adverb. Alternate translation: "speak your message boldly" or "be bold when we speak your message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/04/30.md b/act/04/30.md index 4af38138ef..497ca526a4 100644 --- a/act/04/30.md +++ b/act/04/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "name" refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: "thro # your holy servant Jesus "Jesus, who serves you faithfully." See how you translated this in [Acts 4:27](../04/27.md). - diff --git a/act/04/31.md b/act/04/31.md index ff597c19be..5698e7bf59 100644 --- a/act/04/31.md +++ b/act/04/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the place ... shook" # they were all filled with the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "the Holy Spirit had filled them all" or "God had filled them all with the Holy Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/04/32.md b/act/04/32.md index 107c4d7455..defbe4498e 100644 --- a/act/04/32.md +++ b/act/04/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" refers to the thoughts and the word "soul" refers to the e # they had everything in common "they shared their belongings with one another." See how you translated this in [Acts 2:44](../02/44.md). - diff --git a/act/04/33.md b/act/04/33.md index 347bbd585a..862b42f46d 100644 --- a/act/04/33.md +++ b/act/04/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # great grace was upon them all Possible meanings are: 1) that God was greatly blessing the believers or 2) that the people in Jerusalem held the believers in very high esteem. - diff --git a/act/04/34.md b/act/04/34.md index f1ec25ad44..9d99f970c7 100644 --- a/act/04/34.md +++ b/act/04/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "all" here is a generalization. Alternate translation: "Many people who # the money from the things that were sold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the money that they received from the things that they sold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/04/35.md b/act/04/35.md index 75b887adb5..bfad6125aa 100644 --- a/act/04/35.md +++ b/act/04/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that they presented the money to the apostles. Alternate translation: # it was distributed to each one according to their need The noun "need" can be translated with a verb. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they distributed the money to each believer who needed it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/04/36.md b/act/04/36.md index 5ea406f966..35bf32750c 100644 --- a/act/04/36.md +++ b/act/04/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Luke introduces Barnabas into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-part # Son of Encouragement The apostles used this name to show that Joseph was a person who encouraged others. "Son of" is an idiom used to describe a person's behavior or character. Alternate translation: "Encourager" or "one who encourages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/04/37.md b/act/04/37.md index 6a9cc7c397..976390fdab 100644 --- a/act/04/37.md +++ b/act/04/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # laid it at the apostles' feet This means that they presented to money to the apostles. See how you translated this in [Acts 4:35](../04/35.md). Alternate translation: "presented it to the apostles" or "gave it to the apostles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/04/intro.md b/act/04/intro.md index 733a1aa51d..3c6eabee17 100644 --- a/act/04/intro.md +++ b/act/04/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,28 @@ # Acts 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 4:25-26. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Unity +### Unity The first Christians wanted very much to be united. They wanted to believe the same things and share everything they owned and help those who needed help. -#### "Signs and wonders" +### "Signs and wonders" This phrase refers to things that only God can do. The Christians wanted God to do what only he can do so that people would believe that what they said about Jesus was true. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Cornerstone +### Cornerstone The cornerstone was the first piece of stone that people put down when they were building a building. This is a metaphor for the most important part of something, the part on which everything depends. To say that Jesus is the cornerstone of the church is to say that nothing in the church is more important than Jesus and that everything about the church depends on Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Name +### Name "There is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved" ([Acts 4:12](../../act/04/12.md)). With these words Peter was saying that no other person who has ever been on the earth or will ever be on earth can save people. @@ -31,4 +31,3 @@ The cornerstone was the first piece of stone that people put down when they were * __[Acts 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/05/01.md b/act/05/01.md index a1503802cf..b8dd423fcb 100644 --- a/act/05/01.md +++ b/act/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Continuing the story of how the new Christians shared their belongings with othe # Now This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story to tell a new part of the story. - diff --git a/act/05/02.md b/act/05/02.md index 84fba19eb9..c6686d50bd 100644 --- a/act/05/02.md +++ b/act/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # laid it at the apostles' feet This means that they presented to money to the apostles. See how you translated this in [Acts 4:35](../04/35.md). Alternate translation: "presented it to the apostles" or "gave it to the apostles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/05/03.md b/act/05/03.md index 80d444639f..5e7ee673fe 100644 --- a/act/05/03.md +++ b/act/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "heart" is a metonym for the will and emotions. The phrase "Satan # to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back part of the price This implies that Ananias had told the apostles that he was giving the entire amount that he had received from selling his land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/05/04.md b/act/05/04.md index 2125a63a5d..69d2f4e77c 100644 --- a/act/05/04.md +++ b/act/05/04.md @@ -17,5 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after you sold it" (S # Why did you put it in your heart to do this? Peter used this question to rebuke Ananias. Here the word "heart" refers to the will and emotions. Alternate translation: "You should not have thought of doing this thing." or "It is Satan who has put this activity in your heart." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - - diff --git a/act/05/05.md b/act/05/05.md index 06e01f8864..f573a2325a 100644 --- a/act/05/05.md +++ b/act/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fell down and breathed his last Here "breathed his last" means "breathed his final breath" and is a polite way of saying that he died. Ananias fell down because he died; he did not die because he fell down. Alternate translation: "died and fell to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/act/05/06.md b/act/05/06.md index 6843239c1f..28e3d4386e 100644 --- a/act/05/06.md +++ b/act/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The young men arose This means that they began to act. This does not necessarily mean that they had been sitting or that Peter and Ananias had been at the front of the room or a meeting hall. If your language has a phrase that speaks of people responding to something by beginning to act, you may use it. - diff --git a/act/05/07.md b/act/05/07.md index 58cc2be3e4..6664a5a335 100644 --- a/act/05/07.md +++ b/act/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what had happened "that her husband had died" - diff --git a/act/05/08.md b/act/05/08.md index fe10a003a8..82ce2cfe5d 100644 --- a/act/05/08.md +++ b/act/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for so much "for this much money." This refers to the amount of money that Ananias had given to the apostles. - diff --git a/act/05/09.md b/act/05/09.md index ea18bcd554..77f22162b1 100644 --- a/act/05/09.md +++ b/act/05/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "Look" is an idiom for "Pay attention!" Peter is probably telling Sapph # they will carry "the men will carry" - diff --git a/act/05/10.md b/act/05/10.md index 0f9070aada..5e2473483f 100644 --- a/act/05/10.md +++ b/act/05/10.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Connecting Statement: -This is the end of the part of the story about Ananias and Sapphira. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate:writing_endofstory]]) +This is the end of the part of the story about Ananias and Sapphira. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]]) # fell down at his feet @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that when she died, she fell on the floor in front of Peter. This exp # breathed her last Here "breathed his last" means "breathed her final breath" and is a polite way of saying "she died." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 5:5](../05/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/act/05/11.md b/act/05/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/05/11.md +++ b/act/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/05/12.md b/act/05/12.md index 7b8a3ae5c9..bb97a32fe2 100644 --- a/act/05/12.md +++ b/act/05/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This phrase translates a word that speaks of people who agree with each other an # Solomon's Porch This was a covered walkway that consisted of rows of pillars that supported a roof, and which people named after king Solomon. See how you translated "the porch that is called Solomon's" in [Acts 3:11](../03/11.md). - diff --git a/act/05/13.md b/act/05/13.md index 3908453906..38c1ff02ba 100644 --- a/act/05/13.md +++ b/act/05/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the apostles were in Solomon's Porch, but the rest of t # they were held in high esteem by the people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people held the believers in high esteem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/05/14.md b/act/05/14.md index 9958361e5f..784b60a201 100644 --- a/act/05/14.md +++ b/act/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # more believers were being added to the Lord This could be stated in active form. See how you translated "were added" in [Acts 2:41](../02/41.md). Alternate translation: "more people were believing in the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/05/15.md b/act/05/15.md index b3dd3adfa5..d03806cd9b 100644 --- a/act/05/15.md +++ b/act/05/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to the people who lived in Jerusalem. # his shadow might fall on some of them It is implied that God would heal them if Peter's shadow touched them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/05/16.md b/act/05/16.md index 077b1ecb3e..53f7b4b446 100644 --- a/act/05/16.md +++ b/act/05/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they were all healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God healed them all" or "the apostles healed them all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/05/17.md b/act/05/17.md index ee737659c8..7ca24cb803 100644 --- a/act/05/17.md +++ b/act/05/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the phrase "rose up" means that the high priest decided to take action, not # they were filled with jealousy The abstract noun "jealousy" can be translated as an adjective. This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they became very jealous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/05/18.md b/act/05/18.md index dd1effddeb..8b49fd82a0 100644 --- a/act/05/18.md +++ b/act/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # laid hands on This means they had the believers arrested. See how you translated this in [Acts 4:3](../04/03.md). Alternate translation: "sent soldiers to arrest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/05/19.md b/act/05/19.md index a2e41f19fa..2b8a3702e4 100644 --- a/act/05/19.md +++ b/act/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here the word "them" refers to the apostles. - diff --git a/act/05/20.md b/act/05/20.md index 933af18bd0..06e5db861c 100644 --- a/act/05/20.md +++ b/act/05/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase here refers to the temple courtyard, not to the temple building, whe # all the words of this life The word "words" here is a metonym for the message that the apostles had already proclaimed. Possible meanings are 1) "all this message of eternal life" or 2) "the whole message of this new way of living" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/05/21.md b/act/05/21.md index 7ebb5fb939..6a2df16d86 100644 --- a/act/05/21.md +++ b/act/05/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They went into the temple courtyard, not into the temple building, where only th # sent to the prison to have the apostles brought This implies someone went to the jail. Alternate translation: "sent someone to the jail to bring the apostles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/act/05/22.md b/act/05/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/05/22.md +++ b/act/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/05/23.md b/act/05/23.md index 57c4cb6239..5e6044e16f 100644 --- a/act/05/23.md +++ b/act/05/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we found no one inside Possible meanings are 1) they found no one inside the apostles' cell Alternate translation: "we did not find them inside" or 2) the apostles had been the only prisoners and now there were no prisoners at all in the jail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/05/24.md b/act/05/24.md index aef7c4bd35..9fff162e45 100644 --- a/act/05/24.md +++ b/act/05/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "you" is plural and refers to the captain of the temple and the ch # as to what would come of it "and what would happen as a result" or "what would happen next" - diff --git a/act/05/25.md b/act/05/25.md index 637a9ec861..bd407e43a5 100644 --- a/act/05/25.md +++ b/act/05/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "you" is plural and refers to the captain of the temple and the ch # standing in the temple They did not go into the part of the temple building where only the priests were allowed. Alternate translation: "standing in the temple courtyard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/05/26.md b/act/05/26.md index a0b13fa28c..6072254a8f 100644 --- a/act/05/26.md +++ b/act/05/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The captain and the officers bring the apostles before the Jewish religious coun # they feared the people, that they might be stoned This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: "they feared that the people might stone them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/05/27.md b/act/05/27.md index 35384a8278..f0e0d4435f 100644 --- a/act/05/27.md +++ b/act/05/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # interrogated questioned to find out what was true - diff --git a/act/05/28.md b/act/05/28.md index 396545838c..1ac4d8c993 100644 --- a/act/05/28.md +++ b/act/05/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Teaching many people in a city is spoken of as if they were filling the city wit # desire to bring this man's blood upon us Here the word "blood" is a metonym for death, and to bring someone's blood on people is a metaphor for saying that they are guilty of that person's death. Alternate translation: "desire to make us responsible for this man's death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/05/29.md b/act/05/29.md index 3e438d0b3c..675e26bb1b 100644 --- a/act/05/29.md +++ b/act/05/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "We" refers to the apostles, and not to the audience. (See: [[rc:/ # Peter and the apostles answered Peter spoke on behalf of all of the apostles when he said the following words. - diff --git a/act/05/30.md b/act/05/30.md index 8553534da1..835fcedd1b 100644 --- a/act/05/30.md +++ b/act/05/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "raised up" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "The God of our fathers cau # by hanging him on a tree Here Peter uses the word "tree" to refer to the cross, which was made of wood. Alternate translation: "by hanging him on a cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/05/31.md b/act/05/31.md index e5d80b4c49..32f204d08d 100644 --- a/act/05/31.md +++ b/act/05/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "repentance" and "forgiveness" can be translated as verbs. Alternate t # Israel The word "Israel" refers to the Jewish people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/05/32.md b/act/05/32.md index 3cddb02ea8..9a0f2ced87 100644 --- a/act/05/32.md +++ b/act/05/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who obey him "those who submit to God's authority" - diff --git a/act/05/34.md b/act/05/34.md index 17341071bd..03d4dbc54c 100644 --- a/act/05/34.md +++ b/act/05/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom all the people h # to take the men outside The words "the men" refers to the apostles. - diff --git a/act/05/35.md b/act/05/35.md index fcd318d9bd..8b4bd0a7a8 100644 --- a/act/05/35.md +++ b/act/05/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pay close attention to "think carefully about" or "be cautious about." Gamaliel was warning them not to do something that they would later regret. - diff --git a/act/05/36.md b/act/05/36.md index 380651dc2e..91377ca57a 100644 --- a/act/05/36.md +++ b/act/05/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all the people scatte # came to nothing This means that they did not do what they had planned to do. - diff --git a/act/05/37.md b/act/05/37.md index a928d73cb1..2a4fd37ebf 100644 --- a/act/05/37.md +++ b/act/05/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # drew away some people after him This means that he persuaded some people to rebel with him against the Roman government. Alternate translation: "caused many people to follow him" or "caused many people to join him in rebellion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/05/38.md b/act/05/38.md index 863f190fbb..874659c0e5 100644 --- a/act/05/38.md +++ b/act/05/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Gamaliel is telling the Jewish leaders not to punish the apostles any more and n # it will be overthrown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone will overthrow it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/05/39.md b/act/05/39.md index e00275df14..7080987711 100644 --- a/act/05/39.md +++ b/act/05/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "it" refers to "this plan or work." Alternate translation: "if God # So they were persuaded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So Gamaliel persuaded them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/05/40.md b/act/05/40.md index 1629944efa..939f07f5a2 100644 --- a/act/05/40.md +++ b/act/05/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The council members would have ordered the temple guards to do these things. (Se # to speak in the name of Jesus Here "name" refers to the authority of Jesus. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 4:18](../04/18.md). Alternate translation: "to speak anymore in the authority of Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/05/41.md b/act/05/41.md index 5c9bde207c..9a29ac41c3 100644 --- a/act/05/41.md +++ b/act/05/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The apostles rejoiced because God had honored them by letting the Jewish leaders # for the Name Here "the Name" refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: "for Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/05/42.md b/act/05/42.md index ba9be44351..4123cd81e4 100644 --- a/act/05/42.md +++ b/act/05/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the apostles. # in the temple and from house to house They did not go into the temple building where only the priests went. Alternate translation: "in the temple courtyard and in different people's houses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/05/intro.md b/act/05/intro.md index 8b1d84239c..1e49cc552d 100644 --- a/act/05/intro.md +++ b/act/05/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Acts 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit" +### "Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit" No one knows for sure if Ananias and Sapphira were truly Christians when they decided to lie about the land that they sold ([Acts 5:1-10](../05/01.md)), because Luke does not say. However, Peter knew that they lied to the believers, and he knew that they had listened to and obeyed Satan. @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ When they lied to the believers, they also lied to the Holy Spirit. This is beca * __[Acts 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/06/01.md b/act/06/01.md index c035e5cf55..67499630b3 100644 --- a/act/06/01.md +++ b/act/06/01.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Hebrew believers # daily distribution of help The disciples were able to help the widows because believers were giving money to the apostles [Acts 4:34-35](../04/34.md). Possible meanings are 1) the disciples used the money to buy food, which they would give to the widows, or 2) the disciples gave the money directly to the widows. - diff --git a/act/06/02.md b/act/06/02.md index 01608c71b6..df9df97c01 100644 --- a/act/06/02.md +++ b/act/06/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an exaggeration in order to emphasize the importance of their task of te # serve tables This is a phrase meaning to serve food to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/06/03.md b/act/06/03.md index 5096de8097..ce8a57636a 100644 --- a/act/06/03.md +++ b/act/06/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the men have three qualities—a good reputation, being # over this business "to be responsible to do this task" - diff --git a/act/06/04.md b/act/06/04.md index f4598121fb..ca780fdb66 100644 --- a/act/06/04.md +++ b/act/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "us" refers to the 12 apostles and not to their hearers, so it is # the ministry of the word "the ministry of teaching and preaching the message" - diff --git a/act/06/05.md b/act/06/05.md index 6294504fdf..0372d3b8f9 100644 --- a/act/06/05.md +++ b/act/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are Greek names, so it seems that all of the men elected were from the Gre # proselyte a Gentile who converted to the Jewish religion - diff --git a/act/06/06.md b/act/06/06.md index 001ec8cbe4..0dddc1c80f 100644 --- a/act/06/06.md +++ b/act/06/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # placed their hands upon them This represented giving a blessing and imparting responsibility and authority for the work to the seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/act/06/07.md b/act/06/07.md index 02d626e56e..c1e931c4b4 100644 --- a/act/06/07.md +++ b/act/06/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks of the growing number of people who believed the word as if th # the faith Possible meanings are 1) the gospel message of trust in Jesus or 2) the teaching of the church or 3) the Christian teaching. - diff --git a/act/06/08.md b/act/06/08.md index fd44af71b0..203a4b5eec 100644 --- a/act/06/08.md +++ b/act/06/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This introduces Stephen as the main character in this part of the story. (See: [ # Stephen, full of grace and power, was doing The words "grace" and "power" here refer to power from God. This could be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "God was giving Stephen power to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/06/09.md b/act/06/09.md index 3a63857a2d..169d14b7ab 100644 --- a/act/06/09.md +++ b/act/06/09.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Cilicia was a city and Asia was a Roman province, both north of the Mediterranea # debating with Stephen "arguing with Stephen" - diff --git a/act/06/10.md b/act/06/10.md index 230542d285..8cba597adc 100644 --- a/act/06/10.md +++ b/act/06/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase means they could not prove false what he said. Alternate translation # Spirit this refers to the Holy Spirit - diff --git a/act/06/11.md b/act/06/11.md index 46d9f5aa7f..5475d4292c 100644 --- a/act/06/11.md +++ b/act/06/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They were given money to give false testimony. Alternate translation: "some men # blasphemous words against "bad things about" - diff --git a/act/06/12.md b/act/06/12.md index 5135822706..5179484dbb 100644 --- a/act/06/12.md +++ b/act/06/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" most likely refers back to the people from the synagogue of the # seized him "grabbed him and held him so he could not get away" - diff --git a/act/06/13.md b/act/06/13.md index f531fabba3..dfca2333a0 100644 --- a/act/06/13.md +++ b/act/06/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" most likely refers back to the people from the synagogue of the # does not stop speaking "continually speaks" - diff --git a/act/06/14.md b/act/06/14.md index a9fe03ffce..92577f5bc1 100644 --- a/act/06/14.md +++ b/act/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "we" and "us" refer only to the speakers, not to the hearers, and so i # handed down to us The phrase "handed down" means "passed on." Alternate translation: "taught our ancestors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/06/15.md b/act/06/15.md index 8ae6ec549a..227bc951c0 100644 --- a/act/06/15.md +++ b/act/06/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means they looked intently at him. Here "eyes" is a metony # was like the face of an angel This phrase compares his face to that of an angel but does not say specifically what they have in common. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/act/06/intro.md b/act/06/intro.md index 427e1e645a..4c4e0d9342 100644 --- a/act/06/intro.md +++ b/act/06/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Acts 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The distribution to the widows +### The distribution to the widows The believers in Jerusalem gave help—probably money but possibly food—every day to women whose husbands had died. All of these widows had been raised as Jews, but some of them had lived in Judea and spoke Hebrew. Others had lived in Gentile areas and spoke Greek. Those who gave out the money or food gave it to the Hebrew-speaking widows but not to the Greek-speaking widows. To please God, the church leaders appointed Greek-speaking men to make sure the Greek-speaking widows received their share of help. One of these Greek-speaking men was Stephen. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "His face was like the face of an angel" +### "His face was like the face of an angel" No one knows for sure what it was about Stephen's face that was like the face of an angel, because Luke does not tell us. It is best for the translation to say only what the ULB says about this. @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ No one knows for sure what it was about Stephen's face that was like the face of * __[Acts 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/07/01.md b/act/07/01.md index 99c9b2cd1a..daccca3ba5 100644 --- a/act/07/01.md +++ b/act/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The part of the story about Stephen, which began in [Acts 6:8](../06/08.md), continues. Stephen begins his response to the high priest and the council by talking about things that happened in Israel's history. Most of this history comes from Moses's writings. - diff --git a/act/07/02.md b/act/07/02.md index ab78cd4739..954cee9c29 100644 --- a/act/07/02.md +++ b/act/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "our" includes both Steven, the Jewish council to whom he spoke, and th # Brothers and fathers, listen to me Stephen was being very respectful to the council in greeting them as extended family. - diff --git a/act/07/03.md b/act/07/03.md index c9dff7f92e..b94b9d60b2 100644 --- a/act/07/03.md +++ b/act/07/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The word "your" refers to Abraham and so is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/act/07/04.md b/act/07/04.md index 77af3ff061..2a5722130f 100644 --- a/act/07/04.md +++ b/act/07/04.md @@ -2,4 +2,3 @@ In verse 4 the words "he," "his," and "him" refer to Abraham. In verse 5 the words "He" and "he" refer to God, but the word "him" refers to Abraham. Here the word "you" refers to the Jewish council and audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/act/07/05.md b/act/07/05.md index 285e788aef..bece337ff7 100644 --- a/act/07/05.md +++ b/act/07/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings for this phrase are 1) enough ground to stand on or 2) enough # as a possession to him and to his descendants after him "for Abraham to own and to give to his descendants" - diff --git a/act/07/06.md b/act/07/06.md index 7701014208..0394c1771a 100644 --- a/act/07/06.md +++ b/act/07/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to state that this occurred later than the statement in the pr # four hundred years "400 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/act/07/07.md b/act/07/07.md index 6f4f4d0345..c80db719d8 100644 --- a/act/07/07.md +++ b/act/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the nation that they serve "the nation that they will serve" - diff --git a/act/07/08.md b/act/07/08.md index e705aa92b5..3ae9b25ac9 100644 --- a/act/07/08.md +++ b/act/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The story transitions to Abraham's descendants. # Jacob the father "Jacob became the father." Stephen shortened this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/act/07/09.md b/act/07/09.md index d250f43b01..fddec6f2d0 100644 --- a/act/07/09.md +++ b/act/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Jews knew their ancestors sold Joseph to be a slave in Egypt. Alternate tran # was with him This is an idiom for helping someone. Alternate translation: "helped him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/07/10.md b/act/07/10.md index c0bce9dcca..84817ecc66 100644 --- a/act/07/10.md +++ b/act/07/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: "over all the people # all his household This refers to all his possessions. Alternate translation: "everything he owned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/07/11.md b/act/07/11.md index 122393df83..ab1cadfca9 100644 --- a/act/07/11.md +++ b/act/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # our fathers This refers Jacob and his sons, who were the ancestors of the Jewish people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/07/12.md b/act/07/12.md index e6f92ab450..b08f17720c 100644 --- a/act/07/12.md +++ b/act/07/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Grain was the most common food at that time. # our fathers Here this phrase refers to Joseph's older brothers, who were Jacob's sons. - diff --git a/act/07/13.md b/act/07/13.md index 87f622096c..1560e09810 100644 --- a/act/07/13.md +++ b/act/07/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joseph revealed to his brothers his identity as their brother. # Joseph's family became known to Pharaoh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Pharaoh learned that they were Joseph's family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/07/14.md b/act/07/14.md index 91e63cd601..cbb6d04ce9 100644 --- a/act/07/14.md +++ b/act/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sent his brothers back "sent his brothers back to Canaan" or "sent his brothers back home" - diff --git a/act/07/15.md b/act/07/15.md index f530ffbd6d..7125007abf 100644 --- a/act/07/15.md +++ b/act/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Make sure it does not sound as though he died as soon as he arrived in Egypt. Al # he and our fathers "Jacob and his sons, who became our ancestors" - diff --git a/act/07/16.md b/act/07/16.md index 021efaa24c..af84ca6dd1 100644 --- a/act/07/16.md +++ b/act/07/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jacob's descendants c # for a price in silver "with money" - diff --git a/act/07/17.md b/act/07/17.md index 8200d0188a..b06212fcda 100644 --- a/act/07/17.md +++ b/act/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In some languages it may be helpful to say that the people increased in number b # time of the promise approached It was close to the time that God would fulfill his promise to Abraham. - diff --git a/act/07/18.md b/act/07/18.md index d0b5eae08b..2793f13f8b 100644 --- a/act/07/18.md +++ b/act/07/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # who did not know about Joseph "Joseph" refers to the reputation of Joseph. Alternate translation: "who did not know that Joseph had helped Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/07/19.md b/act/07/19.md index 1540e29376..794e82a2de 100644 --- a/act/07/19.md +++ b/act/07/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The word "our" includes Stephen and his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/act/07/20.md b/act/07/20.md index 9eb44cc7c3..ba4b6496b2 100644 --- a/act/07/20.md +++ b/act/07/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is an idiom that means Moses was very beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # was nourished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his parents nourished him" or "his parents cared for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/07/21.md b/act/07/21.md index ff7a213904..2ce54a72e4 100644 --- a/act/07/21.md +++ b/act/07/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If your language has a word for an informal procedure, not a formal legal proced # as her own son "as if he were her own son" - diff --git a/act/07/22.md b/act/07/22.md index 2b48e5c44f..b64d43ecb7 100644 --- a/act/07/22.md +++ b/act/07/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an exaggeration to emphasize that he was trained in the best schools in # mighty in his words and works "effective in his speech and actions" or "influential in what he said and did" - diff --git a/act/07/23.md b/act/07/23.md index 4b058531cf..91436b101c 100644 --- a/act/07/23.md +++ b/act/07/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for "mind." The phrase "it came into his heart" is an # visit his brothers, the descendants of Israel This refers to his people, and not just to his family. Alternate translation: "see how his own people, the children of Israel, were doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/07/24.md b/act/07/24.md index 231d3d3e90..3674e23947 100644 --- a/act/07/24.md +++ b/act/07/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form by rearranging the order. Alternate translatio # striking the Egyptian Moses hit the Egyptian so hard that he died. - diff --git a/act/07/25.md b/act/07/25.md index 7207e209c2..094ce3fdad 100644 --- a/act/07/25.md +++ b/act/07/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to the actions of Moses. Alternate translation: "was giving t # was giving them salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated using the verb "save." Alternate translation: "was saving them" or "was rescuing them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/07/26.md b/act/07/26.md index 6d50a82373..037c85f9ed 100644 --- a/act/07/26.md +++ b/act/07/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses was addressing the Israelites who were fighting. # why are you wronging one another? Moses asked this question to encourage them to stop fighting. Alternate translation: "you should not do wrong to each other!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/07/27.md b/act/07/27.md index 07573c4dd5..cfca442d83 100644 --- a/act/07/27.md +++ b/act/07/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "us" refers to the Israelites but does not include Moses. (See: [[ # Who appointed you a ruler and a judge over us? The man used this question to rebuke Moses. Alternate translation: "No one appointed you ruler or judge over us." or "You have no authority over us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/07/28.md b/act/07/28.md index 9c0c6040ef..6253ac1c3a 100644 --- a/act/07/28.md +++ b/act/07/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Would you like to kill me, as you killed the Egyptian yesterday? The man used this question to warn Moses that he and probably others knew Moses had killed the Egyptian. - diff --git a/act/07/29.md b/act/07/29.md index 51f68d8752..51b05ea461 100644 --- a/act/07/29.md +++ b/act/07/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Stephen's audience already knew that Moses had married a Midianite woman when he # after hearing this The implied information is that Moses understood that the Israelites knew that he had killed an Egyptian the day before ([Acts 7:28](../07/28.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/07/30.md b/act/07/30.md index 3826d38f43..13009f59db 100644 --- a/act/07/30.md +++ b/act/07/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # an angel appeared Stephen's audience knew that God spoke through the angel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/07/31.md b/act/07/31.md index 2800819850..b7ed579989 100644 --- a/act/07/31.md +++ b/act/07/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses was surprised that the bush was not burning up in the fire. This was previ # as he approached to look at it This may mean Moses initially drew close to the bush to investigate. - diff --git a/act/07/32.md b/act/07/32.md index f38b0113f1..f737b94228 100644 --- a/act/07/32.md +++ b/act/07/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This may mean Moses drew back in fear when he heard the voice. # Moses trembled Moses shook from fear. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Moses trembled with fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/07/33.md b/act/07/33.md index 90f5e8bd09..9321c904cb 100644 --- a/act/07/33.md +++ b/act/07/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God told Moses this so he would honor God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate- # for the place where you are standing is holy ground The implied information is that where God is present, the immediate area around God is considered holy or is made holy by God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/07/34.md b/act/07/34.md index ad0b2d240c..58886c3fe7 100644 --- a/act/07/34.md +++ b/act/07/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "my" emphasizes that these people belonged to God. Alternate translatio # now come "get ready." God uses an order here. - diff --git a/act/07/35.md b/act/07/35.md index 686d7cf691..e9752ee87a 100644 --- a/act/07/35.md +++ b/act/07/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers back to the events recorded in [Acts 7:27-28](../07/27.md). # by the hand of the angel ... bush The hand is a metonym for the action performed by the person. In this case, the angel had commanded Moses to return to Egypt. Stephen speaks as if the angel had a physical hand. You may need to make explicit what action the angel did. Alternate translation: "by the action of the angel" or "by having the angel ... bush command him to return to Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/07/36.md b/act/07/36.md index 6b2d333885..ba95f0f704 100644 --- a/act/07/36.md +++ b/act/07/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # during forty years Stephen's audience knew about the forty years the Israelites spent in the wilderness. Alternate translation: "during the 40 years that the Israelite people lived in the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/07/37.md b/act/07/37.md index bca9acc094..580a75207d 100644 --- a/act/07/37.md +++ b/act/07/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from among your brothers "from among your own people" - diff --git a/act/07/38.md b/act/07/38.md index f4b8ad471e..4e5d5a99b3 100644 --- a/act/07/38.md +++ b/act/07/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God was the one who gave those words. Alternate translation: "to whom God spoke # living words Possible meanings are 1) "a message that endures" or 2) "words that give life." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/07/39.md b/act/07/39.md index 5440b0270a..57785b1db3 100644 --- a/act/07/39.md +++ b/act/07/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor emphasizes their rejection of Moses. Alternate translation: "they # in their hearts they turned back Here "hearts" is a metonym for people's thoughts. To do something in the heart means to desire do to something. Alternate translation: "they desired to turn back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/07/40.md b/act/07/40.md index 50316e0815..33e1e66bb7 100644 --- a/act/07/40.md +++ b/act/07/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The quotation in this verse is from the writings of Moses. # At that time "When they decided to return to Egypt" - diff --git a/act/07/41.md b/act/07/41.md index 379cd83695..47dbc808f7 100644 --- a/act/07/41.md +++ b/act/07/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Stephen's audience knew the calf they made was a statue. Alternate translation: # a calf ... the idol ... the work of their hands These phrases all refer to the same statue of the calf. - diff --git a/act/07/42.md b/act/07/42.md index 181e662073..28d2687411 100644 --- a/act/07/42.md +++ b/act/07/42.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ God asked this question to show Israel they did not worship him with their sacri # house of Israel This refers to the whole nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "all you Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/07/43.md b/act/07/43.md index d4f5543adb..33e4ab34d8 100644 --- a/act/07/43.md +++ b/act/07/43.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ They made statues or images of the gods Molech and Rephan in order to worship th # I will carry you away beyond Babylon "I will remove you to places even farther than Babylon." This would be God's act of judgment. - diff --git a/act/07/44.md b/act/07/44.md index bb339a9db5..74c678cc52 100644 --- a/act/07/44.md +++ b/act/07/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the tabernacle of the testimony The tent that housed the ark (a box) with the 10 commandments carved in stone inside it - diff --git a/act/07/45.md b/act/07/45.md index 737fb4b7be..d8ebad177c 100644 --- a/act/07/45.md +++ b/act/07/45.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the people who lived in the land before Israel. Alternate transla # drove them out "forced them to leave the land" - diff --git a/act/07/46.md b/act/07/46.md index f8c4ea99e8..ad9c36b2ff 100644 --- a/act/07/46.md +++ b/act/07/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "house" is probably a metonym for the ark of the covenant. David wanted to # the house of Jacob Many versions read, "the God of Jacob." - diff --git a/act/07/47.md b/act/07/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/07/47.md +++ b/act/07/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/07/48.md b/act/07/48.md index 2ba4487239..d03c2a5361 100644 --- a/act/07/48.md +++ b/act/07/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # made with hands The hand is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "made by people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/07/49.md b/act/07/49.md index a787a28082..826c17260c 100644 --- a/act/07/49.md +++ b/act/07/49.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God asks this question to show how useless man's efforts are to take care of God # what is the place for my rest? God asks this question to show man that he cannot provide God any rest. Alternate translation: "There is no place of rest good enough for me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/07/50.md b/act/07/50.md index 2fc89444d4..d6deb095d5 100644 --- a/act/07/50.md +++ b/act/07/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 49 and 50, Stephen quotes from the prophet Isaiah. In the quotation, G # Did my hand not make all these things? God asks this question to show that man did not create anything. Alternate translation: "My hand made all these things!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/07/51.md b/act/07/51.md index 7b466e1144..06b3a37bb3 100644 --- a/act/07/51.md +++ b/act/07/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Stephen shifts from identifying with the Jewish leaders to rebuking them. # uncircumcised in heart and ears The Jews regarded uncircumcised people as disobedient to God. Stephen uses "hearts and ears" to represent to the Jewish leaders who acted the way Gentiles act when they do not obey or listen to God. Alternate translation: "you refuse to obey and hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/07/52.md b/act/07/52.md index 2c4c1b29d2..8fc8b48f75 100644 --- a/act/07/52.md +++ b/act/07/52.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the Christ, the Messiah. # murderers of him "murderers of the Righteous One" or "murderers of the Christ" - diff --git a/act/07/53.md b/act/07/53.md index 6b2b2cc318..25accea1d6 100644 --- a/act/07/53.md +++ b/act/07/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the law that angels had ordained "the laws that God caused angels to give to our ancestors" - diff --git a/act/07/54.md b/act/07/54.md index 0d88fda7c3..4dd1d14717 100644 --- a/act/07/54.md +++ b/act/07/54.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that they were extremely angry. # ground their teeth at Stephen This action expressed their strong anger at Stephen or hatred of Stephen. Alternate translation: "they became so angry that they ground their teeth together" or "moved their teeth back and forth as they looked at Stephen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/act/07/55.md b/act/07/55.md index 3c22dbda7c..6891dc69d3 100644 --- a/act/07/55.md +++ b/act/07/55.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People normally experienced the glory of God as a bright light. Alternate transl # and he saw Jesus standing at the right hand of God To stand at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "and he saw Jesus standing in the place of honor and authority beside God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/act/07/56.md b/act/07/56.md index d1154cbc57..7a40afd07b 100644 --- a/act/07/56.md +++ b/act/07/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Son of Man Stephen refers to Jesus by the title "Son of Man." - diff --git a/act/07/57.md b/act/07/57.md index 78157f9602..2f1e2eedeb 100644 --- a/act/07/57.md +++ b/act/07/57.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with one purpose This phrase translates a word that speaks of people who agree with each other and who work together to accomplish a common purpose. - diff --git a/act/07/58.md b/act/07/58.md index f64c7729fb..c75f02ed09 100644 --- a/act/07/58.md +++ b/act/07/58.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are cloaks or robes they would wear outside to stay warm, similar in funct # a young man Saul was probably around 30 years old at the time. - diff --git a/act/07/59.md b/act/07/59.md index 28b4fde863..13394643b0 100644 --- a/act/07/59.md +++ b/act/07/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # receive my spirit "take my spirit." It may be helpful to add "please" to show that this was a request. Alternate translation: "please receive my spirit" - diff --git a/act/07/60.md b/act/07/60.md index ad3ec44aac..4f77bca29c 100644 --- a/act/07/60.md +++ b/act/07/60.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in a positive way. Alternate translation: "forgive them for t # fell asleep Here to fall asleep is a euphemism for dying. Alternate translation: "died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/act/07/intro.md b/act/07/intro.md index 909588456d..1bcb30e4b6 100644 --- a/act/07/intro.md +++ b/act/07/intro.md @@ -1,38 +1,38 @@ # Acts 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 7:42-43 and 49-50. It appears that 8:1 is part of the narrative of this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Stephen said" +### "Stephen said" Stephen told the history of Israel very briefly. He paid special attention to the times that the Israelites had rejected the people God had chosen to lead them. At the end of the story, he said that the Jewish leaders he was talking to had rejected Jesus just as the evil Israelites had always rejected the leaders God had appointed for them. -#### "Full of the Holy Spirit" +### "Full of the Holy Spirit" The Holy Spirit completely controlled Stephen so that he said only and all of what God wanted him to say. -#### Foreshadowing +### Foreshadowing When an author speaks of something that is not important at that time but will be important later in the story, this is called foreshadowing. Luke mentions Saul, also known as Paul, here, even though he is not an important person in this part of the story. This is because Paul is an important person in the rest of the Book of Acts. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Implied information +### Implied information Stephen was talking to Jews who knew the law of Moses well, so he did not explain things that his hearers already knew. But you may need to explain some of these things so that your readers will be able to understand what Stephen was saying. For example, you may need to make explicit that when Joseph's brothers "sold him into Egypt" ([Acts 7:9](../../act/07/09.md)), Joseph was going to be a slave in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Metonymy +### Metonymy Stephen spoke of Joseph ruling "over Egypt" and over all of Pharaoh's household. By this he meant that Joseph ruled over the people of Egypt and of the people and possessions in Pharaoh's household. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Background knowledge +### Background knowledge The Jewish leaders to whom Stephen spoke already knew much about the events he was telling them about. They knew what Moses had written in the Book of Genesis. If the Book of Genesis has not been translated into your language, it may be difficult for your readers to understand what Stephen said. @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ The Jewish leaders to whom Stephen spoke already knew much about the events he w * __[Acts 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/08/01.md b/act/08/01.md index 02239eb78b..65eb90bef0 100644 --- a/act/08/01.md +++ b/act/08/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "all" is a generalization to express that a large number of the believe # except the apostles This statement implies that the apostles remained in Jerusalem even though they also experienced this great persecution. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/08/02.md b/act/08/02.md index 58f790150e..5ba43e3c07 100644 --- a/act/08/02.md +++ b/act/08/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # made great lamentation over him "greatly mourned his death" - diff --git a/act/08/03.md b/act/08/03.md index a7c7bddb98..a313c0bb01 100644 --- a/act/08/03.md +++ b/act/08/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # men and women This refers to men and women who believed in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/08/04.md b/act/08/04.md index 9e2baa85d5..bfae975cd4 100644 --- a/act/08/04.md +++ b/act/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The cause for the scattering, the persecution, was stated previously. This can b # the word This is a metonym for "the message." You may need to make explicit that the message was about Jesus. Alternate translation: "the message about Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/08/05.md b/act/08/05.md index 169ed723e1..b357de33bd 100644 --- a/act/08/05.md +++ b/act/08/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Luke expected the readers to know which city he was wri # proclaimed to them the Christ The title "Christ" refers to Jesus, the Messiah. Alternate translation: "told them about Jesus Christ" or "told them about Jesus the Messiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/08/06.md b/act/08/06.md index e137e1357f..ee850c36b3 100644 --- a/act/08/06.md +++ b/act/08/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The reason people paid attention was because of all the healing Philip did. # with one mind This phrase translates a word that speaks of people who agree with each other and who work together to accomplish a common purpose. - diff --git a/act/08/07.md b/act/08/07.md index 58fe36d225..5c7fffdf69 100644 --- a/act/08/07.md +++ b/act/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who were possessed "who had them" or "who were controlled by them" - diff --git a/act/08/08.md b/act/08/08.md index a694d8a3c3..632da54b2e 100644 --- a/act/08/08.md +++ b/act/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So there was much joy in that city The phrase "that city" refers to the people who were rejoicing. Alternate translation: "So the people of the city were rejoicing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/08/09.md b/act/08/09.md index a4ae266b4f..3f15116545 100644 --- a/act/08/09.md +++ b/act/08/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a way of introducing a new person into the story. Your language may use # the city "the city in Samaria" ([Acts 8:5](../08/05.md)) - diff --git a/act/08/10.md b/act/08/10.md index 31c6c5d8bc..55e1b19760 100644 --- a/act/08/10.md +++ b/act/08/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ People were saying that Simon was the divine power known as "The Great Power." # that power of God which is called Great Possible meanings are 1) the powerful representative of God or 2) God or 3) the most powerful man or 4) an angel. Since the term is unclear, it may be best to simply translate it as "the Great power of God." - diff --git a/act/08/11.md b/act/08/11.md index 45a82e9876..ecefbd553f 100644 --- a/act/08/11.md +++ b/act/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse ends the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/act/08/12.md b/act/08/12.md index 69e7fe7a8c..aee6e5390a 100644 --- a/act/08/12.md +++ b/act/08/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verses 12 and 13 give more information about Simon and some of the Samaritans co # they were baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Philip baptized them" or "Philip baptized the new believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/08/13.md b/act/08/13.md index 8131ef7319..d9d1e81a33 100644 --- a/act/08/13.md +++ b/act/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "himself" is here used to emphasize that Simon believed. Alternate tran # he was baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Philip baptized Simon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/08/14.md b/act/08/14.md index dcdb6faa2f..a44c4fe763 100644 --- a/act/08/14.md +++ b/act/08/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the many people who had become believers throughout the district # had received "had believed" or "had accepted" - diff --git a/act/08/15.md b/act/08/15.md index 43613d9a5f..4bf5c90a0e 100644 --- a/act/08/15.md +++ b/act/08/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used here because Samaria is lower in elevation than Jerusalem. # that they might receive the Holy Spirit "that the Samaritan believers might receive the Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/act/08/16.md b/act/08/16.md index 4b9fac792a..79babb8f5c 100644 --- a/act/08/16.md +++ b/act/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Philip had only bapti # they had only been baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus Here "name" represents authority, and being baptized into his name represents being baptized in order to be under his authority. Alternate translation: "they had only been baptized to become disciples of the Lord Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/08/17.md b/act/08/17.md index 86b9ff5112..d9fe214fc8 100644 --- a/act/08/17.md +++ b/act/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the Samaritan people who believed Stephen's message of # placed their hands on them This symbolic action shows that Peter and John wanted God to give the Holy Spirit to the believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/act/08/18.md b/act/08/18.md index b10360d1dd..67406e837d 100644 --- a/act/08/18.md +++ b/act/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Holy Spirit was given through the laying on of the apostles' hands This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the apostles gave the Holy Spirit by laying their hands on people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/08/19.md b/act/08/19.md index 52492f035b..6867a42de4 100644 --- a/act/08/19.md +++ b/act/08/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that whoever I place my hands on might receive the Holy Spirit "that I can give the Holy Spirit to anyone on whom I place my hands" - diff --git a/act/08/20.md b/act/08/20.md index 8f49301060..208ce756f9 100644 --- a/act/08/20.md +++ b/act/08/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words him, your, you, and yours all refer to Simon. # the gift of God Here this refers to the ability of a person to give the Holy Spirit by laying his hands on someone. - diff --git a/act/08/21.md b/act/08/21.md index 2ece8e3b48..1561bb56ac 100644 --- a/act/08/21.md +++ b/act/08/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "part" and "allotted portion" mean the same thing and are used for emp # your heart is not right Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's thoughts or motives. Alternate translation: "you are not right in your heart" or "the motives of your mind are not right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/08/22.md b/act/08/22.md index c429594837..19d3075378 100644 --- a/act/08/22.md +++ b/act/08/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # for the intention of your heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's thoughts. Alternate translation: "for what you intended to do" or "for what you were thinking of doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/08/23.md b/act/08/23.md index 1124a499d6..e8ea59e497 100644 --- a/act/08/23.md +++ b/act/08/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "in the poison of bitterness" is a metaphor for being very envious. It spea # in the bonds of unrighteousness The phrase "bonds of unrighteousness" is spoken as if unrighteousness could make Simon a prisoner. It is metaphor that means Simon is not able to stop himself from sinning. Alternate translation: "because you continue sinning you are like a prisoner" or "sin has made you its prisoner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/08/24.md b/act/08/24.md index 776ffa251c..0fb437f886 100644 --- a/act/08/24.md +++ b/act/08/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Peter's rebuke about Simon's silver perishing along with him. # nothing you have said may happen to me This can be stated another way. Alternate translation: "the things you have said may not happen to me" - diff --git a/act/08/25.md b/act/08/25.md index d099e6b90e..e28fbee2cf 100644 --- a/act/08/25.md +++ b/act/08/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "word" is a metonym for "message." Peter and John explained the message abo # to many villages of the Samaritans Here "villages" refers to the people in them. Alternate translation: "to the people in many Samaritan villages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/08/26.md b/act/08/26.md index 83de94fa28..02caa235c5 100644 --- a/act/08/26.md +++ b/act/08/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "goes down" is used here because Jerusalem is higher in elevation tha # This road is in a desert Most scholars believe Luke added this comment to describe the area through which Philip would travel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/act/08/27.md b/act/08/27.md index 9a8c5bb6cf..bd76712800 100644 --- a/act/08/27.md +++ b/act/08/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was a title for the queens of Ethiopia. It is similar to the way the word P # He had come to Jerusalem to worship This implies that he was a Gentile who believed in God and had come to worship at the Jewish temple. Alternate translation: "He had come to worship God at the temple in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/08/28.md b/act/08/28.md index 3277cb7886..f5c3b69190 100644 --- a/act/08/28.md +++ b/act/08/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possibly "wagon" or "carriage" is more fitting in this context. Chariots are nor # reading the prophet Isaiah This is the Old Testament book Isaiah. Alternate translation: "reading from the book of the prophet Isaiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/08/29.md b/act/08/29.md index 81c74143ac..42d9df23b0 100644 --- a/act/08/29.md +++ b/act/08/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stay close to this chariot Philip understood that this meant he was to stay close to the person riding in the chariot. Alternate translation: "accompany the man in this chariot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/08/30.md b/act/08/30.md index 21108b5285..47240f2210 100644 --- a/act/08/30.md +++ b/act/08/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the Old Testament book Isaiah. Alternate translation: "reading from the # Do you understand what you are reading? The Ethiopian was intelligent and could read, but he lacked spiritual discernment. Alternate translation: "Do you understand the meaning of what you are reading?" - diff --git a/act/08/31.md b/act/08/31.md index bc3da4f5c6..248aac2b93 100644 --- a/act/08/31.md +++ b/act/08/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied here that Philip agreed to travel down the road with him to explai # He invited Possible meanings are that 1) he offered a sincere invitation or 2) he made a sincere request. - diff --git a/act/08/32.md b/act/08/32.md index 4f23c71fc9..763dd6fdac 100644 --- a/act/08/32.md +++ b/act/08/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This a passage from the book of Isaiah. Here the word "he" refers to the Messiah # like a lamb before his shearer is silent A shearer is a person who cuts the wool off the sheep so that it may be used. - diff --git a/act/08/33.md b/act/08/33.md index 0386687cc7..c33bc7163d 100644 --- a/act/08/33.md +++ b/act/08/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This question was used to emphasize that he will not have descendants. Alternate # his life was taken from the earth This referred to his death. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "men killed him" or "men took his life from the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/08/34.md b/act/08/34.md index fa4b3ecab8..5bc8f53e68 100644 --- a/act/08/34.md +++ b/act/08/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I beg you "Please tell me" - diff --git a/act/08/35.md b/act/08/35.md index 52430c468b..1aad240753 100644 --- a/act/08/35.md +++ b/act/08/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this scripture This refers to Isaiah's writings in the Old Testament. Alternate translation: "the writings of Isaiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/08/36.md b/act/08/36.md index 69ee47bc58..8e0a3ac2da 100644 --- a/act/08/36.md +++ b/act/08/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What prevents me from being baptized? The eunuch uses this question as a way of asking Philip for permission to be baptized. Alternate translation: "Please allow me to be baptized." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/08/37.md b/act/08/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/08/37.md +++ b/act/08/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/08/38.md b/act/08/38.md index bc88d7c4af..36381e3a19 100644 --- a/act/08/38.md +++ b/act/08/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # commanded the chariot to stop "told the driver of the chariot to stop" - diff --git a/act/08/39.md b/act/08/39.md index f38f929c93..d98b916292 100644 --- a/act/08/39.md +++ b/act/08/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "took Philip away" imply that the Spirit took forceful, physical actio # the eunuch saw him no more "the eunuch did not see Philip again" - diff --git a/act/08/40.md b/act/08/40.md index 65de225256..b84f2c830f 100644 --- a/act/08/40.md +++ b/act/08/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the area around the town of Azotus. # to all the cities "to all the cities in that region" - diff --git a/act/08/intro.md b/act/08/intro.md index c7b5e318cb..510b055c63 100644 --- a/act/08/intro.md +++ b/act/08/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Acts 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 8:32-33. +Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 8:32-33. The first sentence of verse 1 ends the description of the events in chapter 7. Luke begins a new part of his history with the words "So there began." -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Receiving the Holy Spirit +### Receiving the Holy Spirit In this chapter for the first time Luke speaks of people receiving the Holy Spirit ([Acts 8:15-19](../08/15.md)). The Holy Spirit had already enabled the believers to speak in tongues, to heal the sick, and to live as a community, and he had filled Stephen. But when the Jews started putting believers in prison, those believers who could leave Jerusalem did leave, and as they went, they told people about Jesus. When the people who heard about Jesus received the Holy Spirit, the church leaders knew that those people had truly become believers. -#### Proclaimed +### Proclaimed This chapter more than any other in the Book of Acts speaks of the believers proclaiming the word, proclaiming the good news, and proclaiming that Jesus is the Christ. The word "proclaim" translates a Greek word that means to tell good news about something. @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This chapter more than any other in the Book of Acts speaks of the believers pro * __[Acts 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/09/01.md b/act/09/01.md index ee9631f8b2..45f0a65158 100644 --- a/act/09/01.md +++ b/act/09/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The story shifts back to Saul and his salvation. # still speaking threats even of murder against the disciples The noun "murder" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "still speaking threats, even to murder the disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/09/02.md b/act/09/02.md index ee59de11e1..6a15cf9408 100644 --- a/act/09/02.md +++ b/act/09/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This term appears to have been a title for Christianity at that time. # he might bring them bound to Jerusalem "he might take them as prisoners to Jerusalem." Paul's purpose can be made clear by adding "so that the Jewish leaders could judge and punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/09/03.md b/act/09/03.md index 4a14332b75..8fbcd7dec2 100644 --- a/act/09/03.md +++ b/act/09/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an expression that marks a change in the story to show something differe # out of heaven Possible meanings are 1) out of heaven, where God lives or 2) out of the sky. The first meaning is preferable. Use that meaning if your language has a separate word for it. - diff --git a/act/09/04.md b/act/09/04.md index 2ee2947df3..bf78712016 100644 --- a/act/09/04.md +++ b/act/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) "Saul threw himself to the ground and heard" or 2) # why are you persecuting me? This rhetorical question communicates a rebuke to Saul. Alternate translation: "You are persecuting me!" or "Stop persecuting me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/09/05.md b/act/09/05.md index 1ff721875f..ca1ab1f14e 100644 --- a/act/09/05.md +++ b/act/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Every occurrence of the word "you" here is singular. # Who are you, Lord? Saul was not acknowledging that Jesus is the Lord. He uses that title because he understood that he spoke to someone of supernatural power. - diff --git a/act/09/06.md b/act/09/06.md index ab877c3cf7..6a2bf65171 100644 --- a/act/09/06.md +++ b/act/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it will be told you This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: "someone will tell you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/09/07.md b/act/09/07.md index b1abc92111..8760b3c101 100644 --- a/act/09/07.md +++ b/act/09/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "stood speechless. # but seeing no one "but they saw no one" or "but they did not see anyone." Apparently only Saul experienced the light. - diff --git a/act/09/08.md b/act/09/08.md index bda45b9005..c29f49bfbd 100644 --- a/act/09/08.md +++ b/act/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This implies that he had closed his eyes because the light was too bright. (See: # he could see nothing "he could not see anything." Saul was blind. - diff --git a/act/09/09.md b/act/09/09.md index d4e5d89d6a..3d3b5b9a8a 100644 --- a/act/09/09.md +++ b/act/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he neither ate nor drank It is not stated whether he chose not to eat or drink as a form of worship, or if he had no appetite because he was too distressed from his situation. It is preferable not to specify the reason. - diff --git a/act/09/10.md b/act/09/10.md index 14c87164ba..ac5f7ad749 100644 --- a/act/09/10.md +++ b/act/09/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This introduces Ananias as a new character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-p # He said "Ananias said" - diff --git a/act/09/11.md b/act/09/11.md index 63c6dbd04a..11e53a3dca 100644 --- a/act/09/11.md +++ b/act/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This Judas was not the disciple who had betrayed Jesus. This Judas was owner of # a man from Tarsus named Saul "a man from the city of Tarsus named Saul" or "Saul of Tarsus" - diff --git a/act/09/12.md b/act/09/12.md index 9da57dca6e..97a5f85200 100644 --- a/act/09/12.md +++ b/act/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a symbol of giving a spiritual blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # he might see again "he might regain his ability to see" - diff --git a/act/09/13.md b/act/09/13.md index 6f7ff652ae..0c8157185d 100644 --- a/act/09/13.md +++ b/act/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your holy people in Jerusalem Here "holy people" refers to Christians. Alternate translation: "the people in Jerusalem who believe in you" - diff --git a/act/09/14.md b/act/09/14.md index e60e5d146a..6951bf975a 100644 --- a/act/09/14.md +++ b/act/09/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Putting someone in bonds is a metonym for arresting that person. Alternate trans # calls upon your name Here "your name" refers to Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/09/15.md b/act/09/15.md index 629c61c264..f590c71efd 100644 --- a/act/09/15.md +++ b/act/09/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to carry my name This is an expression for identifying or speaking out for Jesus. Alternate translation: "in order that he might speak about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/09/16.md b/act/09/16.md index 8e41217a6b..2cc2ff696c 100644 --- a/act/09/16.md +++ b/act/09/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for the cause of my name This is an expression meaning "for telling people about me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/09/17.md b/act/09/17.md index 2d65f51684..561c3e395c 100644 --- a/act/09/17.md +++ b/act/09/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Ananias put his hands on Saul. This was a symbol of giving a blessing to Saul. ( # so that you might receive your sight and be filled with the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that you might see again and that the Holy Spirit might fill you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/09/18.md b/act/09/18.md index 0822a6e419..bc5f7e6bb9 100644 --- a/act/09/18.md +++ b/act/09/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he arose and was baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he got up and Ananias baptized him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/09/19.md b/act/09/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/09/19.md +++ b/act/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/09/20.md b/act/09/20.md index 356fe187d5..063149b277 100644 --- a/act/09/20.md +++ b/act/09/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the first "he" refers to Saul. The second "he" refers to Jesus, the Son of # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/act/09/21.md b/act/09/21.md index 317d90a351..c09a0a77e1 100644 --- a/act/09/21.md +++ b/act/09/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a rhetorical and negative question that emphasizes that Saul was indeed # this name Here "name" refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: "the name of Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/09/22.md b/act/09/22.md index 385afe18e2..7640660c48 100644 --- a/act/09/22.md +++ b/act/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # causing distress among the Jews They were distressed in the sense that they could not find a way to refute Saul's arguments that Jesus was the Christ. - diff --git a/act/09/23.md b/act/09/23.md index 9bca480112..0c0f7919bb 100644 --- a/act/09/23.md +++ b/act/09/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "him" in this section refers to Saul. # the Jews This refers to the leaders of the Jews. Alternate translation: "the Jewish leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/09/24.md b/act/09/24.md index e085f02d9e..c736a7ab75 100644 --- a/act/09/24.md +++ b/act/09/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But someone told thei # They watched the gates This city had a wall surrounding it. People could normally only enter and exit the city through the gates. - diff --git a/act/09/25.md b/act/09/25.md index fbf5296774..d4ba769c2c 100644 --- a/act/09/25.md +++ b/act/09/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ people who believed Saul's message about Jesus and were following his teaching # let him down through the wall, lowering him in a basket "used ropes to lower him in a large basket through an opening in the wall" - diff --git a/act/09/26.md b/act/09/26.md index fcf4fcea40..5aaeb47908 100644 --- a/act/09/26.md +++ b/act/09/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "he" and "him" refer to Saul. # but they were all afraid of him Here "they were all" is a generalization, but it is possible that it refers to every person. Alternate translation: "but they were afraid of him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/act/09/27.md b/act/09/27.md index 8a4caee0b0..8af034bdfc 100644 --- a/act/09/27.md +++ b/act/09/27.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + Here "him" refers to Saul and "he" refers to Barnabas. # had spoken boldly in the name of Jesus This is a way of saying he preached or taught the gospel message of Jesus Christ without fear. Alternate translation: "had openly preached the message about Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/09/28.md b/act/09/28.md index 6b1ce96853..bb8ddd6ee0 100644 --- a/act/09/28.md +++ b/act/09/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "He" refers to Saul, and the word "them" probably refers to the ap # in the name of the Lord Jesus Possible meanings are 1) this simply refers to the Lord Jesus and tells who Paul spoke about. Alternate translation: "about the Lord Jesus" or 2) "name" is a metonym for authority. Alternate translation: "under the authority of the Lord Jesus" or "with the authority that the Lord Jesus gave him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/09/29.md b/act/09/29.md index 40793fa129..0ac52a0103 100644 --- a/act/09/29.md +++ b/act/09/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # debated with the Grecian Jews Saul tried to reason with the Jews who spoke Greek. - diff --git a/act/09/30.md b/act/09/30.md index b82782a352..ca9ffa69aa 100644 --- a/act/09/30.md +++ b/act/09/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "brought him down" is used here because Caesarea is lower in elevatio # sent him away to Tarsus Caesarea was a seaport. They brothers probably sent Saul to Tarsus by ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/09/31.md b/act/09/31.md index 740e542efe..decb767fc1 100644 --- a/act/09/31.md +++ b/act/09/31.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The agent was either God or the Holy Spirit. This can be stated in active form. # in the comfort of the Holy Spirit "with the Holy Spirit strengthening and encouraging them" - diff --git a/act/09/32.md b/act/09/32.md index 299e827b6b..eb05f984f6 100644 --- a/act/09/32.md +++ b/act/09/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "came down" is used here because Lydda is lower in elevation than the # Lydda Lydda is a city located about 18 kilometers southeast of Joppa. This city is called Lod in the Old Testament and in modern Israel. - diff --git a/act/09/33.md b/act/09/33.md index 16ef95ce57..da55b1cc77 100644 --- a/act/09/33.md +++ b/act/09/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is background information about Aeneas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing- # paralyzed This means he was unable to walk. He probably was unable to move any part of his body below his waist. - diff --git a/act/09/34.md b/act/09/34.md index 1e6f79db4a..978d682f5e 100644 --- a/act/09/34.md +++ b/act/09/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # make your bed "roll up your mat" - diff --git a/act/09/35.md b/act/09/35.md index 74c0e682bd..6137a719f6 100644 --- a/act/09/35.md +++ b/act/09/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It may be helpful to state that they saw that he was healed. Alternate translati # and they turned to the Lord Here "turned to the Lord" is a metaphor for starting to obey the Lord. Alternate translation: "and they repented of their sins and started obeying the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/09/36.md b/act/09/36.md index 6bd0641ca5..891c103b6b 100644 --- a/act/09/36.md +++ b/act/09/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Tabitha is her name in the Aramaic language, and Dorcas is her name in the Greek # was full of good works and merciful deeds "doing many good things and performed merciful deeds" - diff --git a/act/09/37.md b/act/09/37.md index 7470ea5fcc..6ab6d1621a 100644 --- a/act/09/37.md +++ b/act/09/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was washing to prepare for her burial. # they laid her in an upper room This was a temporary display of the body during the funeral process. - diff --git a/act/09/38.md b/act/09/38.md index 5fb95bf21f..983d8239e8 100644 --- a/act/09/38.md +++ b/act/09/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they sent two men to him "the disciples sent two men to Peter" - diff --git a/act/09/39.md b/act/09/39.md index 6716bc7fd4..3a846d0cb7 100644 --- a/act/09/39.md +++ b/act/09/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ women whose husbands had died and therefore needed help # while she had been with them "while she was still alive with the disciples" - diff --git a/act/09/40.md b/act/09/40.md index cf2fe7026f..df92841784 100644 --- a/act/09/40.md +++ b/act/09/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # put them all out of the room "told them all to leave the room." Peter had everyone leave so he could be alone to pray for Tabitha. - diff --git a/act/09/41.md b/act/09/41.md index 9835c40c9d..7fac13f644 100644 --- a/act/09/41.md +++ b/act/09/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter took hold of her hand and helped her to sit up in the bed and then stand u # God's holy people and the widows The widows were possibly also believers but are mentioned specifically because Tabitha was so important to them. - diff --git a/act/09/42.md b/act/09/42.md index 25ad2103d8..d84a0999d3 100644 --- a/act/09/42.md +++ b/act/09/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the miracle of Peter's raising Tabitha from the dead. It can be s # believed on the Lord "believed in the gospel of the Lord Jesus" - diff --git a/act/09/43.md b/act/09/43.md index 2dadd30190..45de5e84bd 100644 --- a/act/09/43.md +++ b/act/09/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The story of Tabitha ends in verse 42. Verse 43 tells us what happens to Peter a # Simon, a tanner "a man named Simon who made leather from animal skins" - diff --git a/act/09/intro.md b/act/09/intro.md index b63eceb6c2..d6070d4596 100644 --- a/act/09/intro.md +++ b/act/09/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Acts 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "The Way" +### "The Way" No one knows for sure who first started calling believers "followers of the Way." This is probably what the believers called themselves, because the Bible often speaks of a person living his life as if that person were walking on a path or "way." If this is true, the believers were "following the way of the Lord" by living in a way that pleased God. -#### "Letters for the synagogues in Damascus" +### "Letters for the synagogues in Damascus" The "letters" Paul asked for were probably legal papers that permitted him to put Christians in prison. The synagogue leaders in Damascus would have obeyed the letter because it was written by the high priest. If the Romans had seen the letter, they also would have allowed Saul to persecute the Christians, because they permitted the Jews to do as they desired to people who broke their religious laws. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### What Saul saw when he met Jesus +### What Saul saw when he met Jesus It is clear that Saul saw a light and that it was because of this light that he "fell upon the ground." Some people think that Saul knew that it was the Lord speaking to him without seeing a human form, because the Bible often speaks of God as being light and living in light. Other people think that later in his life he was able to say, "I have seen the Lord Jesus" because it was a human form that he saw here. @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It is clear that Saul saw a light and that it was because of this light that he * __[Acts 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/10/01.md b/act/10/01.md index f242ffafd5..542700727f 100644 --- a/act/10/01.md +++ b/act/10/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a way of introducing a new person to this part of the historical accoun # in the city of Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of what was called the Italian Company of Soldiers "from Caesarea whose name was Cornelius. He was an officer in charge of 60 soldiers from the Italian Company of Soldiers, in the Roman army" - diff --git a/act/10/02.md b/act/10/02.md index 26c34510ff..79dcfa0e47 100644 --- a/act/10/02.md +++ b/act/10/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ worshiped God with deep respect and awe # prayed to God constantly The word "constantly" is a generalization. Alternate translation: "prayed to God often" or "he prayed to God regularly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/act/10/03.md b/act/10/03.md index b382c374d1..b107b63251 100644 --- a/act/10/03.md +++ b/act/10/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he clearly saw "Cornelius clearly saw" - diff --git a/act/10/04.md b/act/10/04.md index d15640a626..cc042bb093 100644 --- a/act/10/04.md +++ b/act/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your prayers and your alms have gone up ... into God's presence It is implied that his gifts and prayers had been accepted by God. Alternate translation: "God is pleased by your prayers and alms. They have gone up ... to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/10/05.md b/act/10/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/10/05.md +++ b/act/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/10/06.md b/act/10/06.md index 5b5fc7326c..bd04cee8d4 100644 --- a/act/10/06.md +++ b/act/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a tanner a person who makes leather from animal skins - diff --git a/act/10/07.md b/act/10/07.md index 6b21c6c84e..7774ab8e48 100644 --- a/act/10/07.md +++ b/act/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a devout soldier a soldier who wanted to do what God expected of him. See how you translated "devout" in [Acts 10:2](./02.md). - diff --git a/act/10/08.md b/act/10/08.md index 037025c3d5..ffea21dcaf 100644 --- a/act/10/08.md +++ b/act/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Cornelius explained his vision to his two servants and to one of his soldiers. # sent them to Joppa "sent two of his two servants and the one soldier to Joppa." - diff --git a/act/10/09.md b/act/10/09.md index 7cfcc3d915..a2e1442e08 100644 --- a/act/10/09.md +++ b/act/10/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The story shifts away from Cornelius to tell us what God is doing with to Peter. # up upon the housetop The roofs of the houses were flat, and people often did many different activities on them. - diff --git a/act/10/10.md b/act/10/10.md index dbd5c30da4..e549eb9675 100644 --- a/act/10/10.md +++ b/act/10/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor means that Peter went into the trance without expecting it or desi # trance Peter saw things in his mind, not with his physical eyes. - diff --git a/act/10/11.md b/act/10/11.md index 4f56ca3d73..8befef2faf 100644 --- a/act/10/11.md +++ b/act/10/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The container holding the animals had the appearance of a large square piece of # let down by its four corners "with its four corners suspended" or "with its four corners higher than the rest of it" - diff --git a/act/10/12.md b/act/10/12.md index 9446b723c3..831d2b4e6c 100644 --- a/act/10/12.md +++ b/act/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # things that crawled on the earth snakes and insects, as opposed to "four-footed animals" - diff --git a/act/10/13.md b/act/10/13.md index e4150b7845..6974274369 100644 --- a/act/10/13.md +++ b/act/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a voice spoke to him The person speaking is not specified. The "voice" was probably God, although it could possibly have been an angel from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/10/14.md b/act/10/14.md index fe955a0843..39e5a17082 100644 --- a/act/10/14.md +++ b/act/10/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I have never eaten anything that was defiled and unclean It is implied that some of the "four-footed animals and things that crawled on the earth, and birds of the sky" ([Acts 10:12](./12.md)) were animals that the law of Moses prohibited God's people from eating. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/10/15.md b/act/10/15.md index 014009a5bf..fc124471f5 100644 --- a/act/10/15.md +++ b/act/10/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the animals in the sheet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonym # What God has made clean If God is the speaker, he is referring to himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "What I, God, have made clean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/act/10/16.md b/act/10/16.md index 94db2eea56..b7ab51a948 100644 --- a/act/10/16.md +++ b/act/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This happened three times Possible meanings are 1) Peter heard the words "What God has made clean, you must not call defiled" three times or 2) a total of three times the sheet came down from heaven and Peter heard and responded to the voice. It would be best to translate without adding information here. - diff --git a/act/10/17.md b/act/10/17.md index 0d97af12f8..8c06fb2c5a 100644 --- a/act/10/17.md +++ b/act/10/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information # after they had asked their way to the house This happened before they arrived at the house. This could be stated earlier in the verse, as the UDB does. - diff --git a/act/10/18.md b/act/10/18.md index 2cd4e2b831..07f8997495 100644 --- a/act/10/18.md +++ b/act/10/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They called out Cornelius' men remained outside the gate while asking about Peter. - diff --git a/act/10/19.md b/act/10/19.md index 30636c9b1f..d8204f6ff7 100644 --- a/act/10/19.md +++ b/act/10/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # three men are looking for you Some ancient texts have a different number of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/act/10/20.md b/act/10/20.md index 3cacf8ca20..eec33ed184 100644 --- a/act/10/20.md +++ b/act/10/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do not hesitate to go with them It would be natural for Peter not to want to go with them, because they were strangers and they were Gentiles. - diff --git a/act/10/21.md b/act/10/21.md index aa6b660f15..6dc66d50a4 100644 --- a/act/10/21.md +++ b/act/10/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am he whom you are seeking "I am the man you are looking for" - diff --git a/act/10/22.md b/act/10/22.md index 20b5506939..46113931d6 100644 --- a/act/10/22.md +++ b/act/10/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ worships God with deep respect and awe # all the nation of the Jews This number of people is exaggerated with the word "all" to emphasize how widely this was known among the Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/act/10/23.md b/act/10/23.md index b8d3d88809..8e21436048 100644 --- a/act/10/23.md +++ b/act/10/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The journey to Caesarea was too long for them to begin that afternoon. # some of the brothers from Joppa This refers to believers who lived in Joppa. - diff --git a/act/10/24.md b/act/10/24.md index 69889cf979..6cad78d3b5 100644 --- a/act/10/24.md +++ b/act/10/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was the next day after they left Joppa. The journey to Caesarea took longer # Cornelius was waiting for them "Cornelius expected them" - diff --git a/act/10/25.md b/act/10/25.md index b80f541f26..f12bc8b0e6 100644 --- a/act/10/25.md +++ b/act/10/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # fell down He purposely did this to show that he was worshiping. - diff --git a/act/10/26.md b/act/10/26.md index 49d0b7ba2d..c8fe512e36 100644 --- a/act/10/26.md +++ b/act/10/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Stand up! I too am a man Peter was rebuking Cornelius mildly for worshiping Peter. Alternate translation: "Do not worship me! I am only a man, as you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/10/27.md b/act/10/27.md index c0f3a5142c..3d21823f92 100644 --- a/act/10/27.md +++ b/act/10/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter addresses the people who are gathered in Cornelius' house. # many people gathered together "many Gentile people gathered together." It is implied that these people Cornelius had invited were Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/10/28.md b/act/10/28.md index e3e2e41c76..96116ca110 100644 --- a/act/10/28.md +++ b/act/10/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "You" and "yourselves" include Cornelius as well as the Gentiles # a foreigner people who are not Jews - diff --git a/act/10/29.md b/act/10/29.md index 2ecdd9c412..e3a3710147 100644 --- a/act/10/29.md +++ b/act/10/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here both instances of "you" include Cornelius as well as the Gentiles who were present and so are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/act/10/30.md b/act/10/30.md index 78993da2d9..7adaefb8aa 100644 --- a/act/10/30.md +++ b/act/10/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some ancient authorities say "fasting and praying" instead of simply "praying." # at the ninth hour The normal afternoon time that the Jews pray to God. - diff --git a/act/10/31.md b/act/10/31.md index c7590282fe..305066d6b4 100644 --- a/act/10/31.md +++ b/act/10/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has heard your pr # reminded God about you "brought you to God's attention." This does not imply that God had forgotten. - diff --git a/act/10/32.md b/act/10/32.md index 25fc1e8d1b..60f3ba36e6 100644 --- a/act/10/32.md +++ b/act/10/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # call to you a man named Simon who is called Peter "tell Simon who is also called Peter to come to you" - diff --git a/act/10/33.md b/act/10/33.md index 790ef6b194..672715bf4a 100644 --- a/act/10/33.md +++ b/act/10/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to Cornelius and his family but not to Peter, so this is exclusive. # that you have been instructed by the Lord to say This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the Lord has told you to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/10/34.md b/act/10/34.md index aae2778ea9..824089f2c4 100644 --- a/act/10/34.md +++ b/act/10/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that what he is about to say is especially important to know. # God is not partial "God does not favor certain people" - diff --git a/act/10/35.md b/act/10/35.md index abee2043df..fcdbe51096 100644 --- a/act/10/35.md +++ b/act/10/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ to God # fears worships with deep respect and awe - diff --git a/act/10/36.md b/act/10/36.md index 786196ec8f..1ba46b6c12 100644 --- a/act/10/36.md +++ b/act/10/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter continues to talk to Cornelius and his guests. # who is Lord of all Here "all" means "all people." - diff --git a/act/10/37.md b/act/10/37.md index 3b7213d0f7..412741c38a 100644 --- a/act/10/37.md +++ b/act/10/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate translation: "throughout Judea" or # after the baptism that John announced "after John preached to the people to repent and then baptized them" - diff --git a/act/10/38.md b/act/10/38.md index 22928e6c2d..09bae4de21 100644 --- a/act/10/38.md +++ b/act/10/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate translation: "those who were oppre # God was with him The idiom "was with him" means "was helping him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/10/39.md b/act/10/39.md index 0f8965c046..ad1030a71e 100644 --- a/act/10/39.md +++ b/act/10/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers mainly to Judea at that time. # hanging him on a tree This is another expression that refers to crucifixion. Alternate translation: "nailing him to a wooden cross" - diff --git a/act/10/40.md b/act/10/40.md index cf419f5c14..88096cb5dc 100644 --- a/act/10/40.md +++ b/act/10/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive ag # caused him to be seen "permitted many people to see him after he was raised from the dead" - diff --git a/act/10/41.md b/act/10/41.md index ca86f0a395..b2ad2285d5 100644 --- a/act/10/41.md +++ b/act/10/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "us" refers to Peter and the apostles and believers who were with Jesus # from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. - diff --git a/act/10/42.md b/act/10/42.md index 760b972443..7ebe39c89b 100644 --- a/act/10/42.md +++ b/act/10/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God chose this J # the living and the dead This refers to people who are still living and people who have died. Alternate translation: "the people who are alive and the people who are dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/act/10/43.md b/act/10/43.md index f3a24ce672..406d85c7b2 100644 --- a/act/10/43.md +++ b/act/10/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will forgive th # through his name Here "his name" refers to the actions of Jesus. His name means God who saves. Alternate translation: "through what Jesus has done for them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/10/44.md b/act/10/44.md index a5e62ff874..788f5cc100 100644 --- a/act/10/44.md +++ b/act/10/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "fell" indicates that the event happened suddenly. Alternate trans # all of those who were listening Here "all" refers to all the Gentiles at the house who were listening to Peter. - diff --git a/act/10/45.md b/act/10/45.md index 665c020930..44018f2cd6 100644 --- a/act/10/45.md +++ b/act/10/45.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Holy Spirit is spoken of as if he were something that could be poured out up # also on the Gentiles Here "also" refers to the fact that the Holy Spirit had already been given to the Jewish believers. - diff --git a/act/10/47.md b/act/10/47.md index a17aefcc85..006c6739ab 100644 --- a/act/10/47.md +++ b/act/10/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Can anyone keep water from these people so they should not be baptized, these people who have received ... we? Peter uses this question to convince the Jewish Christians that the Gentile believers should be baptized. Alternate translation: "No one should keep water from these people! We should baptize them because they have received ... we!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/10/48.md b/act/10/48.md index 3d9449ecc2..46e8c354a8 100644 --- a/act/10/48.md +++ b/act/10/48.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that the Jewish Christians were the ones who would baptize them. A # be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ Here "in the name of Jesus Christ" expresses that the reason for their baptism was that they believed in Jesus. Alternate translation: "be baptized as believers in Jesus Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/10/intro.md b/act/10/intro.md index 4c3e194aac..3e5ffebdca 100644 --- a/act/10/intro.md +++ b/act/10/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Acts 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Unclean +### Unclean The Jews believed that they could become unclean in God's sight if they visited or ate food with a Gentile. This was because the Pharisees had made a law against it because they wanted to keep people from eating foods that the law of Moses said were unclean. The law of Moses did say that some foods were unclean, but it did not say that God's people could not visit or eat with Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Baptism and the Holy Spirit +### Baptism and the Holy Spirit The Holy Spirit "fell on" those who were listening to Peter. This showed the Jewish believers that Gentiles could receive the word of God and receive the Holy Spirit just as the Jewish believers had. After that, the Gentiles were baptized. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The Holy Spirit "fell on" those who were listening to Peter. This showed the Jew * __[Acts 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/11/01.md b/act/11/01.md index 0332cd5e2b..cb0428779b 100644 --- a/act/11/01.md +++ b/act/11/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "brothers" here refers to the believers in Judea. # had received the word of God This expression refers to the fact that the Gentiles believed the gospel message about Jesus. Alternate translation: "believed the message of God about Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/11/02.md b/act/11/02.md index 0a1501839a..ca2198fd79 100644 --- a/act/11/02.md +++ b/act/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for # they who belonged to the circumcision group This is a reference to some of the Jews who believed that every believer must be circumcised. Alternate translation: "some Jewish believers in Jerusalem who wanted all followers of Christ to be circumcised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/11/03.md b/act/11/03.md index ef32e3a45d..c92b62b7c0 100644 --- a/act/11/03.md +++ b/act/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "uncircumcised men" refers to Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # ate with them It was against Jewish tradition for Jews to eat with Gentiles. - diff --git a/act/11/04.md b/act/11/04.md index f0d80c35cf..8cb4be94f2 100644 --- a/act/11/04.md +++ b/act/11/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Peter did not criticize the Jewish believers but reacted in a friendly, explanat # in detail "exactly what happened" - diff --git a/act/11/05.md b/act/11/05.md index 2445068cef..a2ebf97e23 100644 --- a/act/11/05.md +++ b/act/11/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The container holding the animals had the appearance of a large square piece of # by its four corners "with its four corners suspended" or "with its four corners higher than the rest of it." See how you translated this in [Acts 10:11](../10/11.md). - diff --git a/act/11/06.md b/act/11/06.md index 5b5ba9d8b8..8e43142aef 100644 --- a/act/11/06.md +++ b/act/11/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This probably refer to the animals people do not or cannot tame or control. # things that crawled snakes and insects, as opposed to "four-footed animals." See how you translated this in [Acts 10:12](../10/12.md). - diff --git a/act/11/07.md b/act/11/07.md index c8b5818be5..2acccb18bb 100644 --- a/act/11/07.md +++ b/act/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I heard a voice The person speaking is not specified. The "voice" was probably God, although it could possibly have been an angel from God. See how you translated "a voice" in [Acts 10:13](../10/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/11/08.md b/act/11/08.md index 24a115a9ad..55c0e006b1 100644 --- a/act/11/08.md +++ b/act/11/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Apparently the animals in the sheet were animals which the Jewish law in the Old # unclean In the Old Testament Jewish law, a person became ritually "unclean" in various ways, such as eating certain forbidden animals. - diff --git a/act/11/09.md b/act/11/09.md index e22dccccd4..83149ef8ce 100644 --- a/act/11/09.md +++ b/act/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What God has made clean, you must not call defiled This refers to the animals in the sheet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/11/10.md b/act/11/10.md index bbca824de6..d024a6d453 100644 --- a/act/11/10.md +++ b/act/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This happened three times Possible meanings are 1) Peter heard the words "What God has made clean, you must not call defiled" three times or 2) a total of three times the sheet came down from heaven and Peter heard and responded to the voice. It would be best to translate without adding information here. See how you translated "This happened three times" in [Acts 10:16](../10/16.md). - diff --git a/act/11/11.md b/act/11/11.md index b42226d4a0..07927cd2c1 100644 --- a/act/11/11.md +++ b/act/11/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word alerts us to the new people in the story. Your language may have a way # they had been sent This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone had sent them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/11/12.md b/act/11/12.md index c70a0751ed..913b7e57be 100644 --- a/act/11/12.md +++ b/act/11/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # into the man's house This refers to the house of Cornelius. - diff --git a/act/11/13.md b/act/11/13.md index f6eff94c5b..c637415dfd 100644 --- a/act/11/13.md +++ b/act/11/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Simon who is called Peter "Simon who is also called Peter." See how you translated the same phrase in [Acts 10:32](../10/32.md). - diff --git a/act/11/14.md b/act/11/14.md index 740eae7d93..f588ba47c5 100644 --- a/act/11/14.md +++ b/act/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all your household This refers to all the people in the household. Alternate translation: "everyone who lives in your house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/11/15.md b/act/11/15.md index 9bdd44d3ad..70c2c3baca 100644 --- a/act/11/15.md +++ b/act/11/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Peter leaves out some things to keep the story short. Alternate translation: "th # in the beginning Peter is referring to the day of Pentecost. - diff --git a/act/11/16.md b/act/11/16.md index d878d30994..df1d9e18b2 100644 --- a/act/11/16.md +++ b/act/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will baptize you with the Holy Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/11/17.md b/act/11/17.md index 85ae18830c..87d5b11412 100644 --- a/act/11/17.md +++ b/act/11/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Peter uses this question to emphasize that he was only obeying God. Alternate tr # the same gift Peter refers to the gift of the Holy Spirit. - diff --git a/act/11/18.md b/act/11/18.md index b084e9d21f..9f6a4afc38 100644 --- a/act/11/18.md +++ b/act/11/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the Jewish believers to whom Peter spoke. # God has given repentance for life to the Gentiles also "God has given repentance that leads to life to the Gentiles also." Here "life" refers to eternal life. The abstract nouns "repentance" and "life" can be translated as the verbs "repent" and "live." Alternate translation: "God has also given the Gentiles the ability to repent and then live eternally" or "God has allowed the Gentiles also to repent and live eternally" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/11/19.md b/act/11/19.md index 9bf876401a..41f603a6c9 100644 --- a/act/11/19.md +++ b/act/11/19.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ the persecution that happened because of what Stephen had said and done # only to Jews The believers thought God's message was for the Jewish people, and not for the Gentiles. - diff --git a/act/11/20.md b/act/11/20.md index c4abb5dccb..854c5fca49 100644 --- a/act/11/20.md +++ b/act/11/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spoke also to Greeks These Greek-speaking people were Gentiles, not Jews. Alternate translation: "also spoke to Gentiles who spoke Greek" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/11/21.md b/act/11/21.md index a876089de8..c6dcc8c579 100644 --- a/act/11/21.md +++ b/act/11/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's hand signifies his powerful help. Alternate translation: "God was powerful # turned to the Lord Here "turned to the Lord" is a metaphor for starting to obey the Lord. Alternate translation: "they repented of their sins and began to obey the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/11/22.md b/act/11/22.md index ce82671db7..19c35f9f65 100644 --- a/act/11/22.md +++ b/act/11/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Barnabas. The word "they" refers to the believers of the # ears of the church Here "ears" refers to the believers' hearing about the event. Alternate translation: "the believers in the church" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/11/23.md b/act/11/23.md index 28571b14a7..f56ccdbdc8 100644 --- a/act/11/23.md +++ b/act/11/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Barnabas. The word "them" refers to the believers he met # with purpose of heart Here the "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate translation: "with all their will" or "with complete commitment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/11/24.md b/act/11/24.md index 5c6014b9ef..5253526787 100644 --- a/act/11/24.md +++ b/act/11/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Holy Spirit controlled Barnabas as he obeyed the Holy Spirit. # many people were added to the Lord Here "added" means they came to believe the same thing as the others. Alternate translation: "many more people also believed in the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/11/25.md b/act/11/25.md index 3de97972ff..316cac7bb0 100644 --- a/act/11/25.md +++ b/act/11/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # out to Tarsus "out to the city of Tarsus" - diff --git a/act/11/26.md b/act/11/26.md index 4c9dbff774..2fe4f5833c 100644 --- a/act/11/26.md +++ b/act/11/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This begins a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-neweven # The disciples were first called Christians in Antioch This implies that it was other people who called the believers Christians. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People in Antioch were the fist to call the disciples Christians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/11/27.md b/act/11/27.md index 7dba0e439c..4153963c3f 100644 --- a/act/11/27.md +++ b/act/11/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a break in the main story-line. # came down from Jerusalem to Antioch Jerusalem was higher in elevation than Antioch, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem or going down from it. - diff --git a/act/11/28.md b/act/11/28.md index ed63441db2..bfcf60bb5d 100644 --- a/act/11/28.md +++ b/act/11/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was a generalization referring to the part of the world that they were inte # in the days of Claudius Luke's audience would know that Claudius was the emperor of Rome at that time. Alternate translation: "when Claudius was the Roman emperor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/11/29.md b/act/11/29.md index 7a9d94778c..be5ff2b509 100644 --- a/act/11/29.md +++ b/act/11/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The richer people sent more; the poorer people sent less. # the brothers in Judea "the believers in Judea" - diff --git a/act/11/30.md b/act/11/30.md index 4a0492e075..4df140bb16 100644 --- a/act/11/30.md +++ b/act/11/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "They" and "they" refer to the believers in the church in Antioch ([Ac # by the hand of Barnabas and Saul The hand is a synecdoche for the action of the whole person. Alternate translation: "by having Barnabas and Saul take it to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/11/intro.md b/act/11/intro.md index c48918f5bf..f6fb45cb3b 100644 --- a/act/11/intro.md +++ b/act/11/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Acts 11 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "The Gentiles also had received the word of God" +### "The Gentiles also had received the word of God" Almost all of the first believers were Jewish. Luke writes in this chapter that many Gentiles started to believe in Jesus. They believed that the message about Jesus was true and so began to "receive the word of God." Some of the believers in Jerusalem did not believe that Gentiles could truly follow Jesus, so Peter went to them and told them what had happened to him and how he had seen the Gentiles receive the Word of God and receive the Holy Spirit. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Almost all of the first believers were Jewish. Luke writes in this chapter that * __[Acts 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/12/01.md b/act/12/01.md index 02b6935eae..fcaae7298c 100644 --- a/act/12/01.md +++ b/act/12/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Only James and Peter are specified, which implies that these were leaders of the # so that he might mistreat them "in order to cause the believers to suffer" - diff --git a/act/12/02.md b/act/12/02.md index 0cbdf191c4..5134229261 100644 --- a/act/12/02.md +++ b/act/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This tells the manner in which James was killed. # He killed James Possible meanings are 1) Herod himself killed James or 2) Herod ordered someone to kill James. Alternate translation: "Herod gave the order and they killed James" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/12/03.md b/act/12/03.md index 1423cd6773..bc0058fba7 100644 --- a/act/12/03.md +++ b/act/12/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "he" refers to Herod ([Acts 12:1](../12/01.md)). # the days of unleavened bread This refers to the Jewish religious feast time during the Passover season. Alternate translation: "the festival when the Jewish people ate bread without yeast" - diff --git a/act/12/04.md b/act/12/04.md index 2f949a9e58..1294779067 100644 --- a/act/12/04.md +++ b/act/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he was intending to bring him to the people "Herod planned to judge Peter in the presence of the people" or "Herod planned to judge Peter before the Jewish people" - diff --git a/act/12/05.md b/act/12/05.md index 5e9ea70dcc..03b2680881 100644 --- a/act/12/05.md +++ b/act/12/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the group of believer # earnestly continuously and with dedication - diff --git a/act/12/06.md b/act/12/06.md index e5274653f5..74d871aaf7 100644 --- a/act/12/06.md +++ b/act/12/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ That Herod planned to execute him can be clarified. Alternate translation: "The # were keeping watch over the prison "were guarding the prison doors" - diff --git a/act/12/07.md b/act/12/07.md index 5c7262e938..ad8fa45914 100644 --- a/act/12/07.md +++ b/act/12/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This word alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. # his chains fell off his hands The angel caused the chains to fall from Peter without touching them. - diff --git a/act/12/08.md b/act/12/08.md index fc860e3da7..0b058149f2 100644 --- a/act/12/08.md +++ b/act/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter had probably loosened his belt and taken off his sandals so he could go to # Peter did so "Peter did what the angel told him to do" or "Peter obeyed" - diff --git a/act/12/09.md b/act/12/09.md index aad78ee2d6..6b01e448ee 100644 --- a/act/12/09.md +++ b/act/12/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "He" refers to Peter. The words "they" and "They" refer to Peter a # what was done by the angel was real This could be changed to active form. Alternate translation: "the actions of the angel were real" or "what the angel did truly happened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/12/10.md b/act/12/10.md index a521c0b7d4..cf084dfa26 100644 --- a/act/12/10.md +++ b/act/12/10.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here "by itself" means neither Peter nor the angel opened it. Alternate translat # left him right away "left Peter suddenly" or "suddenly disappeared" - diff --git a/act/12/11.md b/act/12/11.md index febef0bc02..98b3ac9e64 100644 --- a/act/12/11.md +++ b/act/12/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "the hand of Herod" refers to "Herod's hold" or "Herod's plans." Alternate # everything the Jewish people were expecting Here "the people of the Jews" probably referred mainly to the Jewish leaders. Alternate translation: "all that the Jewish leaders thought would happen to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/12/12.md b/act/12/12.md index 2e1c704b32..200d893e52 100644 --- a/act/12/12.md +++ b/act/12/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ He became aware that God had rescued him. # John, also called Mark John was also called Mark. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "John, whom people also called Mark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/12/13.md b/act/12/13.md index b39621120c..acc9ec4fe3 100644 --- a/act/12/13.md +++ b/act/12/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # came to answer "came to the gate to ask who was knocking" - diff --git a/act/12/14.md b/act/12/14.md index 0f8d7a44c8..a022efb488 100644 --- a/act/12/14.md +++ b/act/12/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You may prefer to say "went running into the room in the house" # she reported "she told them" or "she said" - diff --git a/act/12/15.md b/act/12/15.md index da808b0dd9..94747cb6a4 100644 --- a/act/12/15.md +++ b/act/12/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The people not only did not believe her, but rebuked her by saying she was crazy # It is his angel "What you have seen is Peter's angel." Some Jews believed in guardian angels and may have thought that Peter's angel had come to them. - diff --git a/act/12/16.md b/act/12/16.md index e3214aed2e..da63c33273 100644 --- a/act/12/16.md +++ b/act/12/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here both instances of "they" refer to the people in the house. The word "him" r # But Peter continued knocking The word "continued" means that Peter kept knocking the entire time those inside were talking. - diff --git a/act/12/17.md b/act/12/17.md index a4c8f71215..ab5a54b5a8 100644 --- a/act/12/17.md +++ b/act/12/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here both instances of "them" refer to the people who were inside praying ([Acts # the brothers "the other believers" - diff --git a/act/12/18.md b/act/12/18.md index 80c69f419c..067c394122 100644 --- a/act/12/18.md +++ b/act/12/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used to emphasize what really happened. This could be said in a p # there was no small disturbance among the soldiers over what had happened to Peter The abstract noun "disturbance" can be expressed with the words "disturbed" or "upset." Alternate translation: "the soldiers were very disturbed about what had happened to Peter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/12/19.md b/act/12/19.md index 67878c6844..d7336d6096 100644 --- a/act/12/19.md +++ b/act/12/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It was the normal punishment for the Roman government to kill the guards if thei # Then Herod went down The phrase "went down" is used here because Caesarea is lower in elevation than Judea. - diff --git a/act/12/20.md b/act/12/20.md index dd7645d56f..7c146aee04 100644 --- a/act/12/20.md +++ b/act/12/20.md @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ They probably purchased this food. Alternate translation: "the people of Tyre an # received its food It is implied that Herod restricted this supply of food because he was angry with the people of Tyre and Sidon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/12/21.md b/act/12/21.md index 03690394e4..cdb5de04f8 100644 --- a/act/12/21.md +++ b/act/12/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ expensive clothing that would demonstrate he was the king # sat on a throne This was where Herod formally addressed people who came to see him. - diff --git a/act/12/22.md b/act/12/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/12/22.md +++ b/act/12/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/12/23.md b/act/12/23.md index 20250859cb..6e143377a1 100644 --- a/act/12/23.md +++ b/act/12/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Herod let those people worship him instead of telling them to worship God. # he was eaten by worms and died Here "worms" refers to worms inside the body, probably intestinal worms. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "worms ate Herod's insides and he died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/12/24.md b/act/12/24.md index e5e32f928d..3d2b375586 100644 --- a/act/12/24.md +++ b/act/12/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word of God is spoken of as if it were a living plant able to grow and repro # the word of God "the message God sent about Jesus" - diff --git a/act/12/25.md b/act/12/25.md index d480e0939e..1d9205d6c6 100644 --- a/act/12/25.md +++ b/act/12/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers back to when they brought money from the believers at Antioch in [Ac # they returned from Jerusalem They went back to Antioch from Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "Barnabas and Saul returned to Antioch" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/12/intro.md b/act/12/intro.md index 00ecf7f7af..9f5dde1a85 100644 --- a/act/12/intro.md +++ b/act/12/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Acts 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Chapter 12 tells what happened to King Herod while Barnabas was bringing Saul back from Tarsus and they were delivering money from Antioch Jerusalem (11:25-30). He killed many of the leaders of the church, and he put Peter in prison. After God helped Peter escape the prison, Herod killed the prison guards, and then God killed Herod. In the last verse of the chapter, Luke tells how Barnabas and Saul return to Antioch. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Personification +### Personification The "word of God" is spoken of as if it were a living thing that could grow and become many. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wordofgod]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The "word of God" is spoken of as if it were a living thing that could grow and * __[Acts 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/13/01.md b/act/13/01.md index 24480babb2..6b46549fef 100644 --- a/act/13/01.md +++ b/act/13/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # foster brother of Herod the tetrarch Manaen was probably Herod's playmate or close friend while they were growing up. - diff --git a/act/13/02.md b/act/13/02.md index a4574db523..48d976b4f1 100644 --- a/act/13/02.md +++ b/act/13/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "they" refers to the other three leaders ([Acts 13:1](./01.md)), not i # I have called them The verb here means that God chose them to do this work. - diff --git a/act/13/03.md b/act/13/03.md index 9b942925f1..3572a31b3e 100644 --- a/act/13/03.md +++ b/act/13/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "they" and "their" refer to the other three leaders ([Acts 13:1](./01. # sent them off "sent those men off" or "sent those men off to do the work the Holy Spirit told them to do" - diff --git a/act/13/04.md b/act/13/04.md index c97d088fcf..07ac9e2e45 100644 --- a/act/13/04.md +++ b/act/13/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "went down" is used here because Seleucia is lower in elevation than # Seleucia a city by the sea - diff --git a/act/13/05.md b/act/13/05.md index 613311147c..901c754b30 100644 --- a/act/13/05.md +++ b/act/13/05.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ John Mark # assistant "helper" - diff --git a/act/13/06.md b/act/13/06.md index 7c9be6fc11..145e45d920 100644 --- a/act/13/06.md +++ b/act/13/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "found" means they came upon him without looking for him. Alternate transla # whose name was Bar-Jesus "Bar-Jesus" means "Son of Jesus." There is no relation between this man and Jesus Christ. "Jesus" was a common name at that time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/13/07.md b/act/13/07.md index 0d5911f629..93d89e564d 100644 --- a/act/13/07.md +++ b/act/13/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "this man" refers to Sergius Paulus. # he sought to hear the word of God "he wanted to hear the word of God" - diff --git a/act/13/08.md b/act/13/08.md index 0c82bac3fc..34fe2be76f 100644 --- a/act/13/08.md +++ b/act/13/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was Bar Jesus, who was also called "the magician" ([Acts 13:6](./06.md)) (S # tried to turn the proconsul away from the faith Here "to turn ... away from" is a metaphor for convincing someone to not do something. Alternate translation: "attempted to persuade the governor not to believe the gospel message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/13/09.md b/act/13/09.md index c1c3fe772c..820b9566b5 100644 --- a/act/13/09.md +++ b/act/13/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ While on the island of Paphos, Paul begins to talk to Elymas. # stared at him intensely "looked at him intensely" - diff --git a/act/13/10.md b/act/13/10.md index 1ab4911e79..72cf317aaf 100644 --- a/act/13/10.md +++ b/act/13/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul uses this question to rebuke Elymas for opposing God. Alternate translation # the straight paths of the Lord Here "straight paths" refer to the ways that are true. Alternate translation: "the true ways of the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/13/11.md b/act/13/11.md index 54d499abea..95a4651f5d 100644 --- a/act/13/11.md +++ b/act/13/11.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Elymas will be so completely blind that he not even be able to see the sun. Alte # he started going around "Elymas wandered around" or "Elymas started feeling around and" - diff --git a/act/13/12.md b/act/13/12.md index b758ff6294..1108012190 100644 --- a/act/13/12.md +++ b/act/13/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A proconsul was a governor in charge of a Roman province. Alternate translation: # he was astonished at the teaching about the Lord This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the teaching about the Lord amazed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/13/13.md b/act/13/13.md index 7d8eca3990..11485f5bc6 100644 --- a/act/13/13.md +++ b/act/13/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This marks the beginning of a new part of the story. # But John left them "But John Mark left Paul and Barnabas" - diff --git a/act/13/14.md b/act/13/14.md index fc0bcbdaf7..1e6b2a2f2a 100644 --- a/act/13/14.md +++ b/act/13/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verse 14 continues to give background information about this part of the story. # Antioch of Pisidia "the city of Antioch in the district of Pisidia." This is different from the city of Antioch that Paul and Barnabas left at the beginning of the chapter. - diff --git a/act/13/15.md b/act/13/15.md index 348a335718..768bcde162 100644 --- a/act/13/15.md +++ b/act/13/15.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # General Information: - The word "them" refers to Paul and his friends Barnabas and John Mark. +The word "them" refers to Paul and his friends Barnabas and John Mark. # After the reading of the law and the prophets @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ or "exhortation" # say it "please speak it" or "please tell it to us" - diff --git a/act/13/16.md b/act/13/16.md index 41b55ad2c4..078afd0f35 100644 --- a/act/13/16.md +++ b/act/13/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to Gentiles who had converted to Judaism. "you who are not Israelite # God, listen "God, listen to me" or "God, listen to what I am about to say" - diff --git a/act/13/17.md b/act/13/17.md index 16a87b7193..df7aaefe30 100644 --- a/act/13/17.md +++ b/act/13/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to God's mighty power. Alternate translation: "with great power" (Se # out of it "out from the land of Egypt" - diff --git a/act/13/18.md b/act/13/18.md index cb18bbb1ee..d332b1dae9 100644 --- a/act/13/18.md +++ b/act/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he put up with them "God tolerated the people of Israel." This means "he tolerated them." Some versions have have a different word that means "he took care of them." Alternate translation: "God endured their disobedience" or "God took care of them" - diff --git a/act/13/19.md b/act/13/19.md index 2259f7e520..d1705b0cef 100644 --- a/act/13/19.md +++ b/act/13/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here both instances of "he" refer to God. The word "our" refers to Paul and his # nations Here the word "nations" refers to different people groups and not to lands with geographical boundaries. - diff --git a/act/13/20.md b/act/13/20.md index dd8d4df5e8..071e061c1c 100644 --- a/act/13/20.md +++ b/act/13/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the people of Israel. # until Samuel the prophet "until the time of the prophet Samuel" - diff --git a/act/13/21.md b/act/13/21.md index 30acc81d75..9e6a8522ae 100644 --- a/act/13/21.md +++ b/act/13/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ king for forty years "their king for forty years" or "king, and he reigned over them for forty years" - diff --git a/act/13/22.md b/act/13/22.md index 0287f21b92..215ffa841f 100644 --- a/act/13/22.md +++ b/act/13/22.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This expression means God caused Saul to stop being king. Alternate translation: # a man after my heart This expression means "a man who wants what I want." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/13/23.md b/act/13/23.md index f651721f9a..534ed564b6 100644 --- a/act/13/23.md +++ b/act/13/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "gave to the people # as he promised to do "just as God promised he would do" - diff --git a/act/13/24.md b/act/13/24.md index be5b7374e5..81ab46cd59 100644 --- a/act/13/24.md +++ b/act/13/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a baptism of repentance to all the people of Israel You can translate the word "repentance" as the verb "repent." Alternate translation: "that all the people of Israel who wanted to repent of their sin needed to have him baptize them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/13/25.md b/act/13/25.md index 976e2782f5..74344fda9e 100644 --- a/act/13/25.md +++ b/act/13/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This also refers to the Messiah. Alternate translation: "The Messiah will soon c # the sandals of whose feet I am not worthy to untie "I am not worthy even to untie his sandals." The Messiah is so much greater than John that he did not even feel worthy do the lowest job for him. - diff --git a/act/13/26.md b/act/13/26.md index 756badd607..8741df643f 100644 --- a/act/13/26.md +++ b/act/13/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has sent the mess # about this salvation The word "salvation" can be translated with the verb "save." Alternate translation: "that God will save people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/13/27.md b/act/13/27.md index a129e6c4e7..662dce3439 100644 --- a/act/13/27.md +++ b/act/13/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "voices" is a metonym for the message that the voices spoke. Alter # that are read This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which someone reads" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/13/28.md b/act/13/28.md index 7c9ac467ac..d2a33f2266 100644 --- a/act/13/28.md +++ b/act/13/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to the Jewish people and their religious leaders in # they found no reason for the death penalty It is implied that they found no legal reason for Jesus to be put to death. Alternate translation: "they found no legal reason for Jesus to be killed" or "they found no legal reason to kill Jesus" - diff --git a/act/13/29.md b/act/13/29.md index 698d1803ab..df275e6a3f 100644 --- a/act/13/29.md +++ b/act/13/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be helpful to explicitly say Jesus died before this happened. Alternate t # from the tree "from the cross." This was another way people at that time referred to the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/13/30.md b/act/13/30.md index 206cf9ef3a..0e1f8cb5f6 100644 --- a/act/13/30.md +++ b/act/13/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To raise someone from among them speaks of making that person alive again. - diff --git a/act/13/31.md b/act/13/31.md index 01bf3fff73..70ab2a3189 100644 --- a/act/13/31.md +++ b/act/13/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ We know from other writings that this period was 40 days. Translate "many days" # are now his witnesses to the people "are now testifying to the people about Jesus" or "are now telling the people about Jesus" - diff --git a/act/13/32.md b/act/13/32.md index 60536b3b99..4183d442ad 100644 --- a/act/13/32.md +++ b/act/13/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word marks an event that happened because of previous event. In this case, # our fathers "our ancestors." Paul is still speaking to the Jews and Gentile converts in the synagogue at Antioch of Pisidia. These were the physical ancestors of the Jews, and the spiritual ancestors of the converts. - diff --git a/act/13/33.md b/act/13/33.md index 51931f02d3..0997b3b952 100644 --- a/act/13/33.md +++ b/act/13/33.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # God has fulfilled for us, their children, by raising up Jesus -You may need to rearrange the parts of this sentence, which begins in verse 32. "God has fulfilled for us, their children, the promise that he made to our fathers, by raising up Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate:translate_versebridge]]) +You may need to rearrange the parts of this sentence, which begins in verse 32. "God has fulfilled for us, their children, the promise that he made to our fathers, by raising up Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]]) # for us, their children @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive ag # Son ... Father These are important titles that describe the relationship between Jesus and God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/act/13/34.md b/act/13/34.md index 08d916b18e..0ff2a80b29 100644 --- a/act/13/34.md +++ b/act/13/34.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ God has said using these words # sure blessings "certain blessings" - diff --git a/act/13/35.md b/act/13/35.md index 9ec183726e..49dd885650 100644 --- a/act/13/35.md +++ b/act/13/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "see decay" is a metonym for "decay." Alternate translation: "You wil # You will not allow David is speaking to God here. - diff --git a/act/13/36.md b/act/13/36.md index 8b732f4d65..6766ef9bc9 100644 --- a/act/13/36.md +++ b/act/13/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was a polite way to refer to death. Alternate translation: "he died" (See: # his body experienced decay The phrase "his body experienced decay" is a less direct way of saying "his body decayed" or "his body rotted." - diff --git a/act/13/37.md b/act/13/37.md index 03af15aea3..de5f738aca 100644 --- a/act/13/37.md +++ b/act/13/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive ag # experienced no decay The phrase "experienced no decay" is a way to say "his body did not decay." Alternate translation: "did not rot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/13/38.md b/act/13/38.md index 6db4e530ce..1638a4bbed 100644 --- a/act/13/38.md +++ b/act/13/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that we proclaim to y # forgiveness of sins The abstract noun "forgiveness" can be translated with the verb "to forgive." Alternate translation: "that God can forgive your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/13/39.md b/act/13/39.md index 02aac24490..8807c7b372 100644 --- a/act/13/39.md +++ b/act/13/39.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ # But by this man God makes righteous everyone who believes + "But God makes righteous everyone who believes in this man" # by this man + Here "this man" refers to Jesus Christ. - - - diff --git a/act/13/40.md b/act/13/40.md index 8e1bc5dce1..cae081037e 100644 --- a/act/13/40.md +++ b/act/13/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the thing they should be careful about is Paul's message. Alt # that the thing the prophets spoke about "so that what the prophets spoke about" - diff --git a/act/13/41.md b/act/13/41.md index 8bc4e5ca10..a3cf6dc2af 100644 --- a/act/13/41.md +++ b/act/13/41.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Paul finishes his speech in the synagogue in Pisidian Antioch, which he began in # even if someone announces it to you "even if someone tells you about it" - diff --git a/act/13/42.md b/act/13/42.md index cb4c864aed..828efa4007 100644 --- a/act/13/42.md +++ b/act/13/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # these same words Here "words" refers to the message that Paul had spoken. Alternate translation: "this same message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/13/43.md b/act/13/43.md index 2f1b33b4e3..c1d2132f32 100644 --- a/act/13/43.md +++ b/act/13/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These were non-Jewish people who converted to Judaism. # to continue in the grace of God It is implied that they believed Paul's message that Jesus was the Messiah. Alternate translation: "to continue to trust that God kindly forgives people's sins because of what Jesus did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/13/44.md b/act/13/44.md index bc59f3235e..4a622e6ba4 100644 --- a/act/13/44.md +++ b/act/13/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "city" represents the people in the city. This phrase is used to show the gr # to hear the word of the Lord It is implied that Paul and Barnabas were the ones who spoke the word of the Lord. Alternate translation: "to hear Paul and Barnabas speak about the Lord Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/13/45.md b/act/13/45.md index e1ebbe2f70..0605624099 100644 --- a/act/13/45.md +++ b/act/13/45.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here envy is spoken of as if it were something that could fill up a person. Alte # the things that were said by Paul This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things that Paul said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/13/46.md b/act/13/46.md index e15a105564..66cf21fcc4 100644 --- a/act/13/46.md +++ b/act/13/46.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Their rejection of the word of God is spoken of as if it were something they pus # we will turn to the Gentiles "we will go to the Gentiles." Paul and Barnabas were implying that they would preach to the Gentiles. Alternate translation: "we will leave you and start preaching to the Gentiles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/13/47.md b/act/13/47.md index 940d22bcc7..c81405fc49 100644 --- a/act/13/47.md +++ b/act/13/47.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the truth about Jesus that Paul was preaching is spoken of as if it were a # bring salvation to the uttermost parts of the earth The abstract word "salvation" can be translated with the verb "to save." The phrase "uttermost parts" refers to everywhere. Alternate translation: "tell people everywhere in the world that I want to save them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/13/48.md b/act/13/48.md index 009005ffb2..63167302b1 100644 --- a/act/13/48.md +++ b/act/13/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "word" refers to the message about Jesus that they had believed. Alternate # As many as were appointed to eternal life This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "As many as God appointed to eternal life" or "All the people whom God had chosen to receive eternal life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/13/49.md b/act/13/49.md index 52297b6168..7643df29ce 100644 --- a/act/13/49.md +++ b/act/13/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of the Lord was spread out through the whole region Here "word" refers to the message about Jesus. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Those who believed spread the word of the Lord through the whole region" or "Those who believed went everywhere in the region and told others about the message of Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/13/50.md b/act/13/50.md index 562399b676..ae957c8b81 100644 --- a/act/13/50.md +++ b/act/13/50.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "they" here probably refers to the devout women and the leading men. Th # region Here this word refers to the area that the people of the city considered their own, not to land within an official government border. - diff --git a/act/13/51.md b/act/13/51.md index 28793a7ebf..e5810e7e6b 100644 --- a/act/13/51.md +++ b/act/13/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul and Barnabas end their time in Antioch of Pisidia and go to Iconium. # shook off the dust from their feet against them This was a symbolic act to indicate to the unbelieving people that God had rejected them and would punish them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/act/13/52.md b/act/13/52.md index d726ecb12a..dbbd900264 100644 --- a/act/13/52.md +++ b/act/13/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the disciples This probably refers to the new believers in the Antioch of Pisidia that Paul and Silas just left. - diff --git a/act/13/intro.md b/act/13/intro.md index 77309bc14e..36650b3f29 100644 --- a/act/13/intro.md +++ b/act/13/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Acts 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 13:33-35 and 13:41. This chapter is where the second half of the Book of Acts begins. Luke writes more about Paul than about Peter. Luke also writes about the believers preaching to the Gentiles rather than to the Jews. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### A light for the Gentiles +### A light for the Gentiles The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. The Jews considered all Gentiles as walking in darkness, but Paul and Barnabas spoke of telling the Gentiles about Jesus as if they were going to bring them physical light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases * __[Acts 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/14/01.md b/act/14/01.md index cd01c0ea0a..7a9fb62f54 100644 --- a/act/14/01.md +++ b/act/14/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings here are 1) "It happened in Iconium that" or 2) "In Iconium, a # spoke in such a way "spoke so powerfully." It may be helpful to state that they spoke the message about Jesus. Alternate translation: "spoke the message about Jesus so powerfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/14/02.md b/act/14/02.md index b59045bff0..c996e1b7cd 100644 --- a/act/14/02.md +++ b/act/14/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "minds" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "the Gentiles # the brothers Here "brothers" refers to Paul and Barnabas and the new believers. - diff --git a/act/14/03.md b/act/14/03.md index 5fed40c153..33d9864bcb 100644 --- a/act/14/03.md +++ b/act/14/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "by enabling Paul and # by the hands of Paul and Barnabas Here "hands" refers to the will and effort of these two men as guided by the Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: "by the ministry of Paul and Barnabas" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/14/04.md b/act/14/04.md index a172074de7..b7f802a9ad 100644 --- a/act/14/04.md +++ b/act/14/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The second group mentioned agreed with the message about grace. It may be helpfu # the apostles Luke refers to Paul and Barnabas. Here "apostle" might be used in the general sense of "ones sent out." - diff --git a/act/14/05.md b/act/14/05.md index 6f7fadfbbb..24f45e952f 100644 --- a/act/14/05.md +++ b/act/14/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "made an attempt" implies that they were not able to mistreat Pau # to mistreat them and to stone "to beat Paul and Barnabas and to kill them by throwing stones at them" - diff --git a/act/14/06.md b/act/14/06.md index 22e8ccefd2..b255473568 100644 --- a/act/14/06.md +++ b/act/14/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and north of Derbe (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # Derbe A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and Lystra (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/14/07.md b/act/14/07.md index 01c0e66308..f10d4a429e 100644 --- a/act/14/07.md +++ b/act/14/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to Paul and Barnabas. # where they continued to proclaim the gospel "where Paul and Barnabas continued to proclaim the good news" - diff --git a/act/14/08.md b/act/14/08.md index c9de05695a..43f73366c3 100644 --- a/act/14/08.md +++ b/act/14/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This introduces a new person in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-pa # cripple person who cannot walk - diff --git a/act/14/09.md b/act/14/09.md index 32098bb706..e31ce4cc15 100644 --- a/act/14/09.md +++ b/act/14/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "him" and "he" refer to the crippled man. # had faith to be made well The abstract noun "faith" can be translated with the verb "believe." Alternate translation: "believed that Jesus could heal him" or "believed that Jesus could make him well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/14/10.md b/act/14/10.md index 223c1a0d00..dd91a1c2ab 100644 --- a/act/14/10.md +++ b/act/14/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # jumped up "leaped in the air." This implies that his legs were completely healed. - diff --git a/act/14/11.md b/act/14/11.md index 36aa493f97..26d8f3ed64 100644 --- a/act/14/11.md +++ b/act/14/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To raise the voice is to speak loudly. Alternate translation: "they spoke loudly # The gods have become like men and come down to us These people believed that the gods needed to change their appearance in order to look like men. A large number of people believed Paul and Barnabas were their pagan gods who had come down from heaven. Alternate translation: "The gods have come down from heaven to us in the form of men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/14/12.md b/act/14/12.md index 5404f64391..0bc4d529aa 100644 --- a/act/14/12.md +++ b/act/14/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Iconium probably considered Zeus to be the king over all the other # Hermes The people of Iconium probably considered Hermes to be the pagan god who brought messages to people from Zeus and the other gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/14/13.md b/act/14/13.md index 0d95ef231d..dafeb854df 100644 --- a/act/14/13.md +++ b/act/14/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The gates of the cities were often used as a meeting place for the people of the # wanted to offer sacrifice "wanted to offer sacrifice to Paul and Barnabas as the gods Zeus and Hermes" - diff --git a/act/14/14.md b/act/14/14.md index 58c72a0eac..f838022ef4 100644 --- a/act/14/14.md +++ b/act/14/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Luke is here probably using "apostle" in the general sense of "one sent out." # they tore their clothing This was a symbolic action to show that they were deeply distressed and upset that the crowd wanted to sacrifice to them. - diff --git a/act/14/15.md b/act/14/15.md index 7c720c2b0b..9f08e76894 100644 --- a/act/14/15.md +++ b/act/14/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "turn from ... to" is a metaphor meaning to stop doing one thing and start # the living God "the God who truly exists" or "the God who lives" - diff --git a/act/14/16.md b/act/14/16.md index 9c503d34f6..d8715a2e95 100644 --- a/act/14/16.md +++ b/act/14/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to walk in their own ways Walking in a way, or walking on a path, is a metaphor for living one's life. Alternate translation: "to live their lives the way they wanted to" or "to do whatever they wanted to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/14/17.md b/act/14/17.md index c853bfd9da..8536fa2399 100644 --- a/act/14/17.md +++ b/act/14/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This could also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "God has cert # filling your hearts with food and gladness Here "your hearts" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "giving you enough to eat and things about which to be happy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/14/18.md b/act/14/18.md index af502f00b4..da23336ef7 100644 --- a/act/14/18.md +++ b/act/14/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul and Barnabas stopped the multitude from sacrificing to them, but it was dif # barely kept "had difficulty preventing" - diff --git a/act/14/19.md b/act/14/19.md index bc72cfa49b..ef9d92f7ef 100644 --- a/act/14/19.md +++ b/act/14/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This may not be the same group as the "multitude" in the previous verse. Some ti # thinking that he was dead "because they thought that he was already dead" - diff --git a/act/14/20.md b/act/14/20.md index 0c253af514..ea634f459c 100644 --- a/act/14/20.md +++ b/act/14/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were new believers in the city of Lystra. # he went to Derbe with Barnabas "Paul and Barnabas went to the city of Derbe" - diff --git a/act/14/21.md b/act/14/21.md index 5120ec4fdd..79d858ec81 100644 --- a/act/14/21.md +++ b/act/14/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here both instances of "they" refer to Paul and Barnabas. # that city "Derbe" ([Acts 14:20](../14/20.md)) - diff --git a/act/14/22.md b/act/14/22.md index b7c92cae35..d1f07a7a91 100644 --- a/act/14/22.md +++ b/act/14/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some version translate this as an indirect quote, "saying that we must enter int # We must enter Paul includes his hearers, so the word "we" is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/act/14/23.md b/act/14/23.md index 5bea2252d3..63258131a0 100644 --- a/act/14/23.md +++ b/act/14/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they entrusted them ... they had believed Possible meanings are 1) "Paul and Barnabas entrusted the elders they had appointed ... the elders had believed" or 2) "Paul and Barnabas entrusted the elders they had appointed and the other disciples ... the elders and other disciples had believed" - diff --git a/act/14/24.md b/act/14/24.md index b34ea1bcbe..0297cb746a 100644 --- a/act/14/24.md +++ b/act/14/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The word "they" refers to Paul and Barnabas. - diff --git a/act/14/25.md b/act/14/25.md index 7e65149e23..bb8eb66c08 100644 --- a/act/14/25.md +++ b/act/14/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both instances of "they" refer to Paul and Barnabas. # went down to Attalia The phrase "went down" is used here because Attalia is lower in elevation than Perga. - diff --git a/act/14/26.md b/act/14/26.md index 8406122af3..00390cf8c6 100644 --- a/act/14/26.md +++ b/act/14/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where they had been committed to the grace of God This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: "where believers and leaders in Antioch had committed Paul and Barnabas to the grace of God" or "where the people of Antioch prayed that God would care for and protect Paul and Barnabas" - diff --git a/act/14/27.md b/act/14/27.md index 45f52016b6..a5dac37976 100644 --- a/act/14/27.md +++ b/act/14/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "they," "them," and "They" refer to Paul and Barnabas. The word " # he had opened a door of faith for the Gentiles God's enabling the Gentiles to believe is spoken of as if he had opened a door that had prevented them from entering into faith. Alternate translation: "God had made it possible for the Gentiles to believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/14/28.md b/act/14/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/14/28.md +++ b/act/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/14/intro.md b/act/14/intro.md index 6bb735a598..3417b66891 100644 --- a/act/14/intro.md +++ b/act/14/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Acts 14 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "The message of his grace" +### "The message of his grace" -The message of Jesus is the message that God will show grace to those who believe in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) +The message of Jesus is the message that God will show grace to those who believe in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### Zeus and Hermes +### Zeus and Hermes The Gentiles in the Roman Empire worshiped many different false gods who do not really exist. Paul and Barnabas told them to believe in the "living God." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "We must enter into the kingdom of God through many sufferings." +### "We must enter into the kingdom of God through many sufferings." Jesus told his followers before he died that everyone who followed him would suffer persecution. Paul is saying the same thing using different words. @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus told his followers before he died that everyone who followed him would suf * __[Acts 14:1](../../act/14/01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/15/01.md b/act/15/01.md index d53d1ee097..70744670c9 100644 --- a/act/15/01.md +++ b/act/15/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "brothers" stands for believers in Christ. It is implied that they were in # Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Unless someone circumcises you according to the custom of Moses, God cannot save you" or "God will not save you from your sins unless you receive circumcision according to the law of Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/15/02.md b/act/15/02.md index 6550cf5180..fce9a9154f 100644 --- a/act/15/02.md +++ b/act/15/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for # this question "this issue" - diff --git a/act/15/03.md b/act/15/03.md index 1920a742f8..cce0114fa8 100644 --- a/act/15/03.md +++ b/act/15/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Their message causing the brothers to be joyful is spoken of as if "joy" were an # the brothers Here "brothers" refers to fellow believers. - diff --git a/act/15/04.md b/act/15/04.md index c0a506ccbd..048ac5dd6d 100644 --- a/act/15/04.md +++ b/act/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the apostles, the eld # with them "through them" - diff --git a/act/15/05.md b/act/15/05.md index 39f3a538b6..193973cc2f 100644 --- a/act/15/05.md +++ b/act/15/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Luke contrasts those who believe that salvation is only in Jesus to others # to keep the law of Moses "to obey the law of Moses" - diff --git a/act/15/06.md b/act/15/06.md index ee8cdbb1f2..95a6d0418f 100644 --- a/act/15/06.md +++ b/act/15/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to consider this matter The church leaders decided to discuss whether or not Gentiles needed to be circumcised and obey the law of Moses in order for God to save them from their sins. - diff --git a/act/15/07.md b/act/15/07.md index fe11b33a97..91440dacc1 100644 --- a/act/15/07.md +++ b/act/15/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "mouth" refers to Peter. Alternate translation: "from me" or "by me" (See: # the word of the gospel Here "word" stands for a message. Alternate translation: "the message about Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/15/08.md b/act/15/08.md index 21ec250c02..f78f0f055f 100644 --- a/act/15/08.md +++ b/act/15/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to the "minds" or "inner beings." Alternate translation: "wh # giving them the Holy Spirit "causing the Holy Spirit to come upon them" - diff --git a/act/15/09.md b/act/15/09.md index fdec323ffc..c4c2707baf 100644 --- a/act/15/09.md +++ b/act/15/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God did not treat Jewish believers differently from Gentile believers. # having cleansed their hearts by faith God's forgiving the Gentile believers' sins is spoken of as though he cleaned their hearts. Here "heart" stands for the person's inner being. Alternate translation: "forgiving their sins because they believe in Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/15/10.md b/act/15/10.md index da883319f3..59e03cf64f 100644 --- a/act/15/10.md +++ b/act/15/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Peter uses a question with a word picture to tell the Jewish believers they shou # our fathers This refers to their Jewish ancestors. - diff --git a/act/15/11.md b/act/15/11.md index cb853dba10..0ab419d8b8 100644 --- a/act/15/11.md +++ b/act/15/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter finishes speaking to the apostles and elders. # But we believe that we will be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they were This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But we believe the Lord Jesus will save us by his grace, just as he saved the non-Jewish believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/15/12.md b/act/15/12.md index 0a12ac10b7..085a88ce81 100644 --- a/act/15/12.md +++ b/act/15/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to Paul and Barnabas. # God had worked "God had done" or "God had caused" - diff --git a/act/15/13.md b/act/15/13.md index 453a6f8aa9..b8eafcf5e7 100644 --- a/act/15/13.md +++ b/act/15/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ James begins to speak to the apostles and elders ([Acts 15:6](../15/06.md)). # Brothers, listen "Fellow believers, listen." James was probably speaking only to men. - diff --git a/act/15/14.md b/act/15/14.md index 17ac60b215..72d191fc6c 100644 --- a/act/15/14.md +++ b/act/15/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for his name "for God's name." Here "name" refers to God. Alternate translation: "for himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/15/15.md b/act/15/15.md index 2b7a769d39..1b9d9b91dd 100644 --- a/act/15/15.md +++ b/act/15/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "words" stands for a message. Alternate translation: "What the prophets sai # as it is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as they wrote" or "as the prophet Amos wrote long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/15/16.md b/act/15/16.md index 7c1770eba2..6325bd2328 100644 --- a/act/15/16.md +++ b/act/15/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of God's again choosing one of David's descendants to rule over his # tabernacle Here the word "tabernacle," a dwelling place, stands for David's family. The same word is used for the tent that Yahweh told Moses to construct. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/15/17.md b/act/15/17.md index cf840bb538..6d51e339ce 100644 --- a/act/15/17.md +++ b/act/15/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "including all the Gen # my name Here "my name" stands for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/15/18.md b/act/15/18.md index fc9d4dea64..dcd444c392 100644 --- a/act/15/18.md +++ b/act/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that have been known This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that people have known" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/15/19.md b/act/15/19.md index b151b67a29..8cbc660387 100644 --- a/act/15/19.md +++ b/act/15/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make explicit in what way James does not want to trouble the Gentiles. A # who turn to God A person who starts obeying God is spoken of as if the person is physically turning towards God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/15/20.md b/act/15/20.md index 82ac7d4bd4..7e94ddcdb9 100644 --- a/act/15/20.md +++ b/act/15/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This possibly refers to eating the meat of an animal that someone has sacrificed # from the meat of strangled animals, and from blood God did not allow Jews to eat meat that still had the blood in it. Also, even earlier in Moses's writings in Genesis, God had forbidden the drinking of blood. Therefore, they could not eat an animal that someone strangled because the blood was not properly drained from the body of the animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/15/21.md b/act/15/21.md index c521fa8b78..6bc33296f9 100644 --- a/act/15/21.md +++ b/act/15/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Moses" represents the law of Moses, and so does "he." This can be stated i # in every city The word "every" here is a generalization. Alternate translation: "in many cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/act/15/23.md b/act/15/23.md index 2a04c2be87..3804c4315c 100644 --- a/act/15/23.md +++ b/act/15/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "brothers" refers to fellow believers. By using these words, the a # Cilicia This is the name of a province on the coast in Asia Minor north of the Island of Cyprus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/15/24.md b/act/15/24.md index 6c854d3f2b..4a772eae21 100644 --- a/act/15/24.md +++ b/act/15/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here all instances of "we" and "us" refer to the writers but not the readers ([A # disturbed you with words that upset your souls Here "souls" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "taught things that have troubled you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/15/25.md b/act/15/25.md index 903ceb6cb1..45231765a5 100644 --- a/act/15/25.md +++ b/act/15/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase translates a word that speaks of people who agree with each other an # to choose men The men they sent were Judas, who was called Barsabbas, and Silas ([Acts 15:22](../15/22.md)). - diff --git a/act/15/26.md b/act/15/26.md index 51d8328839..5d09412927 100644 --- a/act/15/26.md +++ b/act/15/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to Barnabas and Paul, not to Judas and Silas. # for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ Here "name" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "because they believe in our Lord Jesus Christ" or "because they serve our Lord Jesus Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/15/27.md b/act/15/27.md index 745d6cb556..fabb0cb251 100644 --- a/act/15/27.md +++ b/act/15/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "we" refers to the writers of the letter [Acts 15:22](../15/22.md) # who will report to you the same things in their own words This phrase emphasizes that Judas and Silas will say the same things that the apostles and elders had written. Alternate translation: "who themselves will tell you the same things about which we have written" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/15/28.md b/act/15/28.md index be516f3714..0b8a6faaa2 100644 --- a/act/15/28.md +++ b/act/15/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "us" refers to the writers of the letter [Acts 15:22](../15/22.md) # to lay upon you no greater burden than these necessary things This speaks about laws that people need to obey as if they were objects that people carry on their shoulders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/15/29.md b/act/15/29.md index 2ee35ea1d4..ff71a2de32 100644 --- a/act/15/29.md +++ b/act/15/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A strangled animal was killed but its blood was not drained. # Farewell This announces the end of the letter. Alternate translation: "Goodbye" - diff --git a/act/15/30.md b/act/15/30.md index adbf85d05a..6cd146e30a 100644 --- a/act/15/30.md +++ b/act/15/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the apostles and # came down to Antioch The phrase "came down" is used here because Antioch is lower in elevation than Jerusalem. - diff --git a/act/15/31.md b/act/15/31.md index 96d4e9b39d..088279c81c 100644 --- a/act/15/31.md +++ b/act/15/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because of the encouragement The abstract noun "encouragement" can be expressed with the verb "encourage." Alternate translation: "because what the apostles and elders wrote encouraged them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/15/32.md b/act/15/32.md index ec1aea5dc5..8a6f868035 100644 --- a/act/15/32.md +++ b/act/15/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Prophets were teachers authorized by God to speak for him. Alternate translation # strengthened them Judas and Silas' helping them to depend even more on Jesus is spoken of as if they were making them physically stronger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/15/33.md b/act/15/33.md index deba0c5bd7..e9481cc9ae 100644 --- a/act/15/33.md +++ b/act/15/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the believers in Antioch. # to those who had sent them "to the believers in Jerusalem who sent Judas and Silas" ([Acts 15:22](../15/22.md)) - diff --git a/act/15/34.md b/act/15/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/15/34.md +++ b/act/15/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/15/35.md b/act/15/35.md index 17cc9a1e5a..d8d7fa9f10 100644 --- a/act/15/35.md +++ b/act/15/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of the Lord Here "word" stands for a message. Alternate translation: "the message about the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/15/36.md b/act/15/36.md index d4662b1f7a..0e9efbbd85 100644 --- a/act/15/36.md +++ b/act/15/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "word" stands for the message. Alternate translation: "the message about th # see how they are "learn how they are doing." They want to learn about the current condition of the brothers and how they are holding on to God's truth. - diff --git a/act/15/37.md b/act/15/37.md index 982cf9daa8..4ea0250e90 100644 --- a/act/15/37.md +++ b/act/15/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to also take with them John, who was called Mark "to take John, who was also called Mark" - diff --git a/act/15/38.md b/act/15/38.md index c7818c058a..4efd6a25d2 100644 --- a/act/15/38.md +++ b/act/15/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a province in Asia Minor. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:10](.. # did not go further with them in the work "did not continue to work with them then" or "did not continue to serve with them" - diff --git a/act/15/39.md b/act/15/39.md index 8b855fe04b..3fd7968f5a 100644 --- a/act/15/39.md +++ b/act/15/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to Barnabas and Paul. # Then there arose a sharp disagreement The abstract noun "disagreement" can be stated as the verb "disagree." Alternate translation: "They strongly disagreed with each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/15/40.md b/act/15/40.md index eb09ac2da8..2852b264ec 100644 --- a/act/15/40.md +++ b/act/15/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after he was entrusted by the brothers to the grace of the Lord To entrust to someone means to place the care and responsibility for someone or something to another person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after the believers in Antioch entrusted Paul to the grace of the Lord" or "after the believers in Antioch prayed for the Lord to take care of Paul and show kindness to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/15/41.md b/act/15/41.md index fa48bf8d7f..08f0bcc273 100644 --- a/act/15/41.md +++ b/act/15/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are provinces or areas in Asia Minor, near the island of Cyprus. # strengthening the churches Encouraging the believers in the churches is spoken of as though Paul and Silas were making the believers physically stronger. The word "churches" refers to the groups of believers in Syria and Cilicia. Alternate translation: "encouraging the believers in the churches" or "helping the community of believers to depend even more in Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/15/intro.md b/act/15/intro.md index a4080ec287..7627b66d26 100644 --- a/act/15/intro.md +++ b/act/15/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Acts 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 15:16-17. The meeting that Luke describes in this chapter is commonly called the "Jerusalem Council." This was a time when many church leaders got together to decide if believers needed to obey the whole law of Moses. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Brothers +### Brothers In this chapter Luke begins to use the word "brothers" to refer to fellow Christians instead of fellow Jews. -#### Obeying the law of Moses +### Obeying the law of Moses Some believers wanted the Gentiles to be circumcised because God had told Abraham and Moses that everyone who wanted to belong to him had to be circumcised and that this was "an everlasting covenant." But Paul and Barnabas had seen God give uncircumcised Gentiles the gift of the Holy Spirit, so they did not want the Gentiles to be circumcised. Both groups went to Jerusalem to have the church leaders decide what they should do. -#### "Abstain from things sacrificed to idols, blood, things strangled, and from sexual immorality" +### "Abstain from things sacrificed to idols, blood, things strangled, and from sexual immorality" It is possible that the church leaders decided on these laws so that Jews and Gentiles could not only live together but eat the same foods together. @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ It is possible that the church leaders decided on these laws so that Jews and Ge * __[Acts 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/16/01.md b/act/16/01.md index a09722aee9..c108e576ba 100644 --- a/act/16/01.md +++ b/act/16/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the narrative. Your language may # who was a believer The words "in Christ" are understood. Alternate translation: "who was a believer in Christ" or "who believed in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/16/02.md b/act/16/02.md index 550fce3e4b..7e586d6cf0 100644 --- a/act/16/02.md +++ b/act/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active from. Alternate translation: "The brothers spoke we # by the brothers Here "brothers" refers to believers. Alternate translation: "by the believers" - diff --git a/act/16/03.md b/act/16/03.md index 408624b0bc..2156c8fabe 100644 --- a/act/16/03.md +++ b/act/16/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is possible that Paul himself circumcised Timothy, but it is more likely that # for they all knew that his father was a Greek Since Greek men did not have their sons circumcised, the Jews would have known Timothy was not circumcised, and they would have rejected Paul and Timothy before hearing their message about Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/16/04.md b/act/16/04.md index dd2355e2cd..dc598eed3c 100644 --- a/act/16/04.md +++ b/act/16/04.md @@ -9,5 +9,3 @@ The word "they" here refers to Paul, Silas ([Acts 15:40](../15/40.md)), and Timo # that were decided on by the apostles and elders who were in Jerusalem This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the apostles and elders in Jerusalem had decided on" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - - diff --git a/act/16/05.md b/act/16/05.md index d6da1f25cf..3591a3c98e 100644 --- a/act/16/05.md +++ b/act/16/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the believers became # the churches were strengthened in the faith This speaks of helping someone to believe more confidently as if it were making them physically stronger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/16/06.md b/act/16/06.md index 23ac8c0e29..5e68aa06e7 100644 --- a/act/16/06.md +++ b/act/16/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Holy Spirit had f # the word Here "word" stands for "message." Alternate translation: "the message about Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/16/07.md b/act/16/07.md index 437f42c458..893879375c 100644 --- a/act/16/07.md +++ b/act/16/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are two more regions in Asia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # the Spirit of Jesus "the Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/act/16/08.md b/act/16/08.md index 22192631e2..89b2c1e5dc 100644 --- a/act/16/08.md +++ b/act/16/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "came down" is used here because Troas is lower in elevation than Mys # they came down Here "came" can be translated as "went." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/act/16/09.md b/act/16/09.md index 5c142ccf6b..3f8fc75df3 100644 --- a/act/16/09.md +++ b/act/16/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Or "inviting him." # Come over into Macedonia The phrase "Come over" is used because Macedonia is across the sea from Troas. - diff --git a/act/16/10.md b/act/16/10.md index 80559b5ccc..c237ff01f6 100644 --- a/act/16/10.md +++ b/act/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "we" and "us" refer to Paul and his companions, including Luke, t # we sought to go to Macedonia "we looked for a way to go to Macedonia" or "we prepared to go to Macedonia" - diff --git a/act/16/11.md b/act/16/11.md index 2c731fd17c..9e1f45f8fb 100644 --- a/act/16/11.md +++ b/act/16/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are coastal cities near Phillipi in Macedonia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # we came to Neapolis Here "came to" can be translated as "went to" or "arrived at." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/act/16/12.md b/act/16/12.md index 26e2d7cd0e..793e75493c 100644 --- a/act/16/12.md +++ b/act/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a Roman colony This is a city outside of Italy where many people who came from Rome lived. The people there had the same rights and freedoms as people who lived in cities in Italy. They could govern themselves and they did not have to pay taxes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/16/13.md b/act/16/13.md index dcf69364c2..8154e7a14b 100644 --- a/act/16/13.md +++ b/act/16/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Paul and his companions are now in Philippi on their missionary trip. The story of Lydia begins here. This short story happens during Paul's travels. - diff --git a/act/16/14.md b/act/16/14.md index 6b73c08902..806ff654ca 100644 --- a/act/16/14.md +++ b/act/16/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "heart" stands for a person's mind. Also, the author speaks about the "hear # what was said by Paul This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what Paul said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/16/15.md b/act/16/15.md index 13c45ec529..4b5c4d46cb 100644 --- a/act/16/15.md +++ b/act/16/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When they baptized Ly # her house Here "house" represents the people who live in her house. Alternate translation: "the members of her household" or "her family and household servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/16/16.md b/act/16/16.md index 3093c72630..53c54cb2b5 100644 --- a/act/16/16.md +++ b/act/16/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "a certain" introduces a new person to the story. Alternate translati # a spirit of divination An evil spirit spoke to her often about the immediate future of people. - diff --git a/act/16/17.md b/act/16/17.md index 6cbfb27fe8..40fd6682ea 100644 --- a/act/16/17.md +++ b/act/16/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the way of salvation How a person can be saved is spoken of here as if it were a way or path that a person walks on. Alternate translation: "how God can save you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/16/18.md b/act/16/18.md index ec381f4b0e..6a7a1f6a2d 100644 --- a/act/16/18.md +++ b/act/16/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" stands for speaking with the authority or as the representative of J # it came out at that same hour "the spirit came out immediately" - diff --git a/act/16/19.md b/act/16/19.md index 02b8f1ff42..b11087ae3e 100644 --- a/act/16/19.md +++ b/act/16/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It can be stated clearly why they no longer expected to make money. Alternate tr # before the authorities "into the presence of the authorities" or "so that the authorities could judge them" - diff --git a/act/16/20.md b/act/16/20.md index f98567affa..c86b7c04a1 100644 --- a/act/16/20.md +++ b/act/16/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ rulers, judges # These men are causing trouble in our city Here the word "our" refers to the people of the city and includes the magistrates who ruled it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/act/16/21.md b/act/16/21.md index dc22da3eee..da28314b8a 100644 --- a/act/16/21.md +++ b/act/16/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to accept or practice "to believe or to obey" or "to accept or to do" - diff --git a/act/16/22.md b/act/16/22.md index c38b687e10..d68005b40e 100644 --- a/act/16/22.md +++ b/act/16/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "their" and "them" refer to Paul and Silas. # commanded them to be beaten with rods This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "commanded the soldiers to beat them with rods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/16/23.md b/act/16/23.md index 28d05e2a36..d31c6cb5c3 100644 --- a/act/16/23.md +++ b/act/16/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # jailer a person responsible for all the people held in the jail or prison - diff --git a/act/16/24.md b/act/16/24.md index 13f7a41fad..c461633213 100644 --- a/act/16/24.md +++ b/act/16/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # stocks a piece of wood with holes for preventing a person's feet from moving - diff --git a/act/16/25.md b/act/16/25.md index e9945dd415..209b96cfc8 100644 --- a/act/16/25.md +++ b/act/16/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to Paul and Silas. # Connecting Statement: This continues Paul and Silas' time in Philippi in prison and tells what happens to their jailer. - diff --git a/act/16/26.md b/act/16/26.md index c393b313d6..9b11760bae 100644 --- a/act/16/26.md +++ b/act/16/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all the doors opened" # everyone's chains were unfastened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everyone's chains came loose" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/16/27.md b/act/16/27.md index 52c2501548..4f37766a69 100644 --- a/act/16/27.md +++ b/act/16/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The jailer woke up" ( # was about to kill himself "was ready to kill himself." The jailer preferred to commit suicide rather than suffer the consequences of letting the prisoners escape. - diff --git a/act/16/28.md b/act/16/28.md index f9561e2752..53e095af79 100644 --- a/act/16/28.md +++ b/act/16/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here the word "we" refers to Paul, Silas, and all of the other prisoners but excludes the jailer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/act/16/29.md b/act/16/29.md index afead53960..34ddce07a3 100644 --- a/act/16/29.md +++ b/act/16/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "lights" stands for something that makes light. Alternate translation: # fell down before Paul and Silas The jailer humbled himself by bowing down at the feet of Paul and Silas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/act/16/30.md b/act/16/30.md index 29db3c1a8b..5ab5e07a16 100644 --- a/act/16/30.md +++ b/act/16/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what must I do to be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what must I do for God to save me from my sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/16/31.md b/act/16/31.md index e9620ca25d..5014d7e4d8 100644 --- a/act/16/31.md +++ b/act/16/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will save you" or # your house Here "house" stands for the people who live in the house. Alternate translation: "all the members of your household" or "your family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/16/32.md b/act/16/32.md index fb6f93cedd..2025c3bb80 100644 --- a/act/16/32.md +++ b/act/16/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "They" refers to Paul and Silas ([Acts 16:25](../16/25.md)), and the wo # They spoke the word of the Lord to him Here "word" stands for a message. Alternate translation: "They told him the message about the Lord Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/16/33.md b/act/16/33.md index 903740cb0e..5ba4b5cf3b 100644 --- a/act/16/33.md +++ b/act/16/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "them" and "their" refer to Paul and Silas ([Acts 16:25](../16/25.md)) # he and those in his entire house were baptized immediately This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Paul and Silas immediately baptized the jailer and all the members of his household" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/16/34.md b/act/16/34.md index 080e6a56ee..e58d72bdac 100644 --- a/act/16/34.md +++ b/act/16/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All instances of "he" and "his" refer to the jailer. - diff --git a/act/16/35.md b/act/16/35.md index 560f8b3b35..f96a9bb5fe 100644 --- a/act/16/35.md +++ b/act/16/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "sent" means the magistrates told someone to go tell the guards their messa # Let those men go "Release those men" or "Allow those men to leave" - diff --git a/act/16/36.md b/act/16/36.md index 31952d2186..93f54d6e44 100644 --- a/act/16/36.md +++ b/act/16/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # come out "come outside of the jail" - diff --git a/act/16/37.md b/act/16/37.md index 4411e747dd..e858a6f9d7 100644 --- a/act/16/37.md +++ b/act/16/37.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul uses a question to emphasize that he will not allow the magistrates to send # Let them come themselves Here "themselves" is used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/act/16/38.md b/act/16/38.md index 8d576d6af4..78a332b128 100644 --- a/act/16/38.md +++ b/act/16/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To be a Roman meant to be a legal citizen of the Empire. Citizenship provided fr # they heard ... they were afraid "the magistrates heard ... the magistrates were afraid" - diff --git a/act/16/39.md b/act/16/39.md index 5b0c66a703..4365846b4b 100644 --- a/act/16/39.md +++ b/act/16/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: All instances of "them" refer to Paul and Silas. - diff --git a/act/16/40.md b/act/16/40.md index bed6ba5541..db2c68dc97 100644 --- a/act/16/40.md +++ b/act/16/40.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "came" can be translated as "went." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) # saw the brothers Here "brothers" refers to believers, whether male or female. Alternate translation: "saw the believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/act/16/intro.md b/act/16/intro.md index f86e4feae6..1ad3debb4c 100644 --- a/act/16/intro.md +++ b/act/16/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Acts 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Timothy's circumcision +### Timothy's circumcision Paul circumcised Timothy because they were telling the message of Jesus to Jews and Gentiles. Paul wanted the Jews to know that he respected the law of Moses even though the church leaders in Jerusalem had decided that Christians did not need to be circumcised. -#### The woman who had a spirit of divination +### The woman who had a spirit of divination Most people want very much to know the future, but the law of Moses said that speaking with the spirits of dead people to learn about the future is a sin. This woman seems to have been able to tell the future very well. She was a slave, and her masters made much money from her work. Paul wanted her to stop sinning, so he told the spirit to leave her. Luke does not say that she began to follow Jesus or tell us anything more about her. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Most people want very much to know the future, but the law of Moses said that sp * __[Acts 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/17/01.md b/act/17/01.md index d5e6365ee0..52a02b7f66 100644 --- a/act/17/01.md +++ b/act/17/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are coastal cities in Macedonia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-name # they came to the city Here "came to" can be translated as "went to" or "arrived at." Alternate translation: "they went to the city" or "they arrived at the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/act/17/02.md b/act/17/02.md index 502b059b12..5f779bf7ee 100644 --- a/act/17/02.md +++ b/act/17/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # reasoned with them from the scriptures "gave them reasons to believe from the scriptures" or "debated with them about the scriptures" or "discussed the scriptures with them." Paul explained what the scriptures mean in order to prove to the Jews that Jesus is the Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/17/03.md b/act/17/03.md index 3d3e32b9c1..9fd842b8fd 100644 --- a/act/17/03.md +++ b/act/17/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) to explain the scriptures in a way that people can unde # from the dead From among all those who have died. The expression "the dead" describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again. - diff --git a/act/17/04.md b/act/17/04.md index 2185353aad..974003f58c 100644 --- a/act/17/04.md +++ b/act/17/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Greeks who worshiped God but had not converted to Judaism through # not a few of the leading women This is an understatement to emphasize that many leading women joined them. Alternate translation: "many leading women" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/act/17/05.md b/act/17/05.md index 5dc8c51905..302c9a4753 100644 --- a/act/17/05.md +++ b/act/17/05.md @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ The word "seeking" here means that the people wanted to bring Paul out and were # out to the people Possible meanings or "people" are 1) a governmental or legal group of citizens gathered to make a decision or 2) a mob. - diff --git a/act/17/06.md b/act/17/06.md index 961a57b7f2..3f267d0b65 100644 --- a/act/17/06.md +++ b/act/17/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Jewish leaders were speaking, and the phrase "These men" refers to Paul and # turned the world upside down This phrase is another way of saying Paul and Silas were causing trouble everywhere they went. The Jewish leaders were exaggerating the influence Paul and Silas were having with their teaching. Alternate translation: "caused trouble everywhere in the world" or "caused trouble everywhere they have gone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/17/07.md b/act/17/07.md index f18a159430..bc40e6b382 100644 --- a/act/17/07.md +++ b/act/17/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jason has welcomed This phrase signals that Jason was in agreement with the apostles' troubling message. - diff --git a/act/17/08.md b/act/17/08.md index 299403b75e..dc9ccdbc45 100644 --- a/act/17/08.md +++ b/act/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They troubled the crowd "They caused the people in the city to be afraid" - diff --git a/act/17/09.md b/act/17/09.md index a8a6976b7c..ec28944fd3 100644 --- a/act/17/09.md +++ b/act/17/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "the rest" refers to other believers that the Jews brought before the # took security Jason and the others gave the money to the officials to show that they would not cause any more trouble. This was not a fine or a punishment, so they might have expected the officials to give the money back later. - diff --git a/act/17/10.md b/act/17/10.md index d40cb039d5..dcf52e8882 100644 --- a/act/17/10.md +++ b/act/17/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul and Silas travel on to the town of Berea. # the brothers The word "brothers" here refers to men and women believers. Alternate translation: "the believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/act/17/11.md b/act/17/11.md index 0beebd75b3..54b7a70622 100644 --- a/act/17/11.md +++ b/act/17/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These Bereans were prepared to examine earnestly Paul's teachings about the scri # these things were so "the things Paul said were true" - diff --git a/act/17/12.md b/act/17/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/17/12.md +++ b/act/17/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/17/13.md b/act/17/13.md index e4a0fa1f01..c927548330 100644 --- a/act/17/13.md +++ b/act/17/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks about their agitating people as though it were a person stirring a l # troubled the crowds "worried the crowds" or "caused dread and fear among the people" - diff --git a/act/17/14.md b/act/17/14.md index e1efd51f74..f186269709 100644 --- a/act/17/14.md +++ b/act/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "brothers" here refers to men and women believers. Alternate translatio # to go to the sea "to go to the coast." From here Paul would probably sail to another city. - diff --git a/act/17/15.md b/act/17/15.md index da0d574476..d79d03ad5d 100644 --- a/act/17/15.md +++ b/act/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they received from him instructions for Silas and Timothy "he told them to instruct Silas and Timothy." This can also be stated as a direct quotation as in the UDB. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/act/17/16.md b/act/17/16.md index 3ed4934874..5329569576 100644 --- a/act/17/16.md +++ b/act/17/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here Luke starts to tel # his spirit was provoked within him as he saw the city full of idols Here "spirit" stands for Paul himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he became upset because he saw that there were idols everywhere in the city" or "seeing the idols everywhere in the city upset him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/17/17.md b/act/17/17.md index e99527c6ce..51607392aa 100644 --- a/act/17/17.md +++ b/act/17/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Gentiles who gave praise to God and followed him but did not obey # in the marketplace "in the public square." This is a public place of business, where buying and selling of goods, cattle, or services take place. - diff --git a/act/17/18.md b/act/17/18.md index 1c15bb76b9..26d5c432ab 100644 --- a/act/17/18.md +++ b/act/17/18.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The word "babbler" was used to refer to birds picking up seeds as food. It refer # strange gods This is not in the sense of "odd," but in the sense of "foreign," that is, gods that Greeks and Romans do not worship or know about. - diff --git a/act/17/19.md b/act/17/19.md index 30899def73..6771afdb6c 100644 --- a/act/17/19.md +++ b/act/17/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the leaders on the Areopagus are speaking. This can stated as a new sentenc # Areopagus This is a prominent rock outcropping or hill in Athens upon which the supreme court of Athens may have met. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/17/20.md b/act/17/20.md index 795f543d80..7ec2e27fde 100644 --- a/act/17/20.md +++ b/act/17/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For you bring some strange things to our ears Paul's teachings about Jesus and the resurrection are spoken of as an object that a person can bring to another person. Here "ears" refers to what they hear. Alternate translation: "For you are teaching some things that we have never heard before" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/17/21.md b/act/17/21.md index c4ded86892..915daa2801 100644 --- a/act/17/21.md +++ b/act/17/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "spent their time in nothing" is an exaggeration. Alternate translati # telling or listening about something new "discussing new philosophical ideas" or "talking about what was new to them" - diff --git a/act/17/22.md b/act/17/22.md index ab812fb02d..87f7fd9982 100644 --- a/act/17/22.md +++ b/act/17/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul begins his speech to the philosophers on the Areopagus. # very religious in every way Paul is referring to the Athenians' public display of honoring the gods through prayers, building altars, and offering sacrifices. - diff --git a/act/17/23.md b/act/17/23.md index f9e482a92e..a46b32ddac 100644 --- a/act/17/23.md +++ b/act/17/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # To an Unknown God Possible meanings are 1) "to a certain unknown god" or 2) "to a god not known." This was a specific writing or inscription on that altar. - diff --git a/act/17/24.md b/act/17/24.md index 0a664272e1..0b37a58539 100644 --- a/act/17/24.md +++ b/act/17/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "heaven" and "earth" are used together to mean all beings and things i # built with hands Here "hands" stands for people. Alternate translation: "built by the hands of people" or "that people built" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/17/25.md b/act/17/25.md index fc7512d7ce..3e9e5ad2e8 100644 --- a/act/17/25.md +++ b/act/17/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hands" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "by humans" (Se # since he himself "because he himself." The word "himself" is added for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/act/17/26.md b/act/17/26.md index 9f57f8d72c..cc593c4c54 100644 --- a/act/17/26.md +++ b/act/17/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means Adam, the first person God created. This can be stated to include Eve # having determined their appointed seasons and the boundaries of their living areas This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "and he determined when and where they would live" - diff --git a/act/17/27.md b/act/17/27.md index c40618dff4..c84eb5005f 100644 --- a/act/17/27.md +++ b/act/17/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "search for God" represents desiring to know him, and "feel their way towar # Yet he is not far from each one of us This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Yet he is very near to every one of us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/act/17/28.md b/act/17/28.md index d13fbbca61..a0997ce9a6 100644 --- a/act/17/28.md +++ b/act/17/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "him" and "his" refer to God ([Acts 17:24](../17/24.md)). Both in # For in him "Because of him" - diff --git a/act/17/29.md b/act/17/29.md index 145e25099e..73dc5cb6c8 100644 --- a/act/17/29.md +++ b/act/17/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "deity" refers to God's nature or attributes. Alternate translation: "God i # images created by the art and imagination of man This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which a man then uses his skill to make it into something that he has designed" or "images that people make by using their art and imagination" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/17/30.md b/act/17/30.md index e553abcd64..0dfdecb214 100644 --- a/act/17/30.md +++ b/act/17/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the time before God fully revealed himself through Jesus Christ a # all men This means all people, whether male or female. Alternate translation: "all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/act/17/31.md b/act/17/31.md index 8e78ec6958..5a6a7baab9 100644 --- a/act/17/31.md +++ b/act/17/31.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "world" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "he will judge all peo # from the dead From among all those who have died. The expression "the dead" describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again. - diff --git a/act/17/32.md b/act/17/32.md index 322e1382e8..68deb704eb 100644 --- a/act/17/32.md +++ b/act/17/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the people who were present at the Areopagus and were listening to Pau # some mocked Paul "some ridiculed Paul" or "some laughed at Paul." These did not believe it was possible for someone to die and then return to life. - diff --git a/act/17/33.md b/act/17/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/17/33.md +++ b/act/17/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/17/34.md b/act/17/34.md index 599666a612..da8c457bd9 100644 --- a/act/17/34.md +++ b/act/17/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Dionysius is a man's name. Areopagite implies that Dionysius was one of the judg # Damaris This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/17/intro.md b/act/17/intro.md index 6d939a5e44..beaeb1b063 100644 --- a/act/17/intro.md +++ b/act/17/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Acts 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Misunderstandings about the Messiah +### Misunderstandings about the Messiah The Jews expected the Christ or Messiah to be a powerful king because the Old Testament says so many times. But it also says many times that the Messiah would suffer, and that was what Paul was telling the Jews. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -#### The religion of Athens +### The religion of Athens Paul said that the Athenians were "religious," but they did not worship the true God. They worshiped many different false gods. In the past they had conquered other peoples and begun to worship the gods of the people they had conquered. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In this chapter Luke describes for the first time how Paul told the message of C * __[Acts 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/18/01.md b/act/18/01.md index 476537896d..482cf17f56 100644 --- a/act/18/01.md +++ b/act/18/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is another part of the story of Paul's travels as he goes to Corinth. # Athens Athens was one of the most important cities in Greece. See how you translated this in [Acts 17:15](../17/15.md). - diff --git a/act/18/02.md b/act/18/02.md index 5b8efa5ffd..b631704528 100644 --- a/act/18/02.md +++ b/act/18/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is the name of land. Rome is the capital city of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # Claudius had commanded Claudius was the current Roman emperor. See how you translated this in [Acts 11:28](../11/28.md). - diff --git a/act/18/03.md b/act/18/03.md index bd2d90ff78..1fcee2633d 100644 --- a/act/18/03.md +++ b/act/18/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer finishes giving background information about Aquila and Priscilla. (S # he worked at the same trade "he did the same kind of work that they did" - diff --git a/act/18/04.md b/act/18/04.md index 1d20957a6a..1579a64fac 100644 --- a/act/18/04.md +++ b/act/18/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # trying to persuade both Jews and Greeks Possible meanings are 1) "and he caused both Jews and Greeks to believe" or 2) "and he kept trying to persuade the Jews and the Greeks." - diff --git a/act/18/05.md b/act/18/05.md index dafda47b0e..a1cb1ca08e 100644 --- a/act/18/05.md +++ b/act/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Silas and Timothy rejoin Paul. - diff --git a/act/18/06.md b/act/18/06.md index 101769f80c..324e236a96 100644 --- a/act/18/06.md +++ b/act/18/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "blood" stands for the guilt of their actions. Here "heads" refers to the w # I am clean The word "clean" here is a metaphor for Paul being innocent of wrong against either the people or God. Alternate translation: "I am innocent" or "God will not punish me when he punishes you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/18/07.md b/act/18/07.md index eba4e8c8a7..4a312a8680 100644 --- a/act/18/07.md +++ b/act/18/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # worshiped God A worshiper of God is a Gentile who gives praise to God and follows him but does not necessarily obey all of the Jewish laws. - diff --git a/act/18/08.md b/act/18/08.md index 69ee9e79b3..8c7026a320 100644 --- a/act/18/08.md +++ b/act/18/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Crispus's household # were baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "received baptism" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/18/09.md b/act/18/09.md index 388fc703b6..7776526d6d 100644 --- a/act/18/09.md +++ b/act/18/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Lord gives the same command in two different ways to strongly command Paul t # do not be silent It can be stated explicitly what the Lord wants Paul to speak. Alternate translation: "do not stop speaking about the gospel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/18/10.md b/act/18/10.md index b83cb48fff..316681fa7d 100644 --- a/act/18/10.md +++ b/act/18/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have many people in this city "there are many people in this city who have put their faith in me" or "many people in this city will put their faith in me" - diff --git a/act/18/11.md b/act/18/11.md index f55c137ad6..5e74d4beab 100644 --- a/act/18/11.md +++ b/act/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Paul lived there ... teaching the word of God among them This is a concluding statement for this part of the story. "Word of God" here is a synecdoche for the entire scriptures. Alternate translation: "Paul lived there ... teaching the scriptures among them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-endofstory]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/18/12.md b/act/18/12.md index 0fbb96f2d4..7c17d78a5d 100644 --- a/act/18/12.md +++ b/act/18/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This phrase translates a word that speaks of people who agree with each other an # brought him before the judgment seat The Jews took Paul by force to bring Paul before the court. Here "judgment seat" refers to the place where Gallio sat when he made legal decisions in court. Alternate translation: "took him so that the governor could judge him at the judgment seat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/18/13.md b/act/18/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/18/13.md +++ b/act/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/18/14.md b/act/18/14.md index b74f10c6cb..f42746cdbb 100644 --- a/act/18/14.md +++ b/act/18/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gallio said Gallio was the Roman governor of the Province. - diff --git a/act/18/15.md b/act/18/15.md index bc1198a081..bcdbb5b553 100644 --- a/act/18/15.md +++ b/act/18/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "law" can refer to either the law of Moses or the Jewish customs of Paul's # I do not wish to be a judge of these matters "I refuse to make a judgment about these matters" - diff --git a/act/18/16.md b/act/18/16.md index 8ac782607d..356b8f18a9 100644 --- a/act/18/16.md +++ b/act/18/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gallio made them leave the judgment seat "Gallio dismissed the Jews from the judgment seat." Here "judgment seat" refers to the place where Gallio sits to make legal decisions in court. Alternate translation: "Gallio made them leave his presence in the court" or "Gallio made them leave the court" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/18/17.md b/act/18/17.md index dc851827f7..82a382f060 100644 --- a/act/18/17.md +++ b/act/18/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Sosthenes was "the ruler of the synagogue" at Corinth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # beat him "repeatedly hit him" or "repeatedly punched him." - diff --git a/act/18/18.md b/act/18/18.md index b7799ed038..1e7d0d923e 100644 --- a/act/18/18.md +++ b/act/18/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was a town near Corinth in Greece. It was on the coast, and Paul probably g # he had his hair cut off This is a symbolic action that indicates that he had done something he had vowed to do. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he had someone cut off the hair on his head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/18/19.md b/act/18/19.md index bde318cf4f..836bdccf7d 100644 --- a/act/18/19.md +++ b/act/18/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues Paul's missionary journey as Paul, Priscilla, and Aquila leave Co # reasoned with the Jews "gave the Jews reasons to believe" or "debated with the Jews about the scriptures" or "discussed the scriptures with the Jews." Paul explained what the scriptures mean in order to prove to the Jews that Jesus is the Messiah. See how you translated "reasoned with" in [Acts 17:2](../17/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/18/20.md b/act/18/20.md index d5f35d3e6e..80ff6e54cf 100644 --- a/act/18/20.md +++ b/act/18/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here the word "they" refers to the Jews in Ephesus. - diff --git a/act/18/21.md b/act/18/21.md index 0762025b6d..c475feb742 100644 --- a/act/18/21.md +++ b/act/18/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to the Jews in Ephesus. The word "you" is plural. (S # taking his leave of them "saying good-bye to them" - diff --git a/act/18/22.md b/act/18/22.md index 001dd320c3..21d89787b7 100644 --- a/act/18/22.md +++ b/act/18/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "church" refers to the believers in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "gree # then went down The phrase "went down" is used here because Antioch is lower in elevation than Jerusalem. - diff --git a/act/18/23.md b/act/18/23.md index ce8e7d3336..b4f888238b 100644 --- a/act/18/23.md +++ b/act/18/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # After having spent some time there This speaks about "time" as if it were a commodity that a person could spend. Alternate translation: After staying there for a while" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/18/24.md b/act/18/24.md index 9da56d9fbf..0794e08794 100644 --- a/act/18/24.md +++ b/act/18/24.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The phrase "a certain" indicates that Luke is introducing a new person in the st # mighty in the scriptures "he knew the scriptures thoroughly." He understood the Old Testament writings well. - diff --git a/act/18/25.md b/act/18/25.md index 68f460d59b..5b31b6efb0 100644 --- a/act/18/25.md +++ b/act/18/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "spirit" refers to the entire person of Apollos. Alternate translation: "Be # the baptism of John "the baptism that John performed." John's baptism was with water, but Jesus's baptism is with the Holy Spirit. - diff --git a/act/18/26.md b/act/18/26.md index a1a7f87e2e..821d8b90bf 100644 --- a/act/18/26.md +++ b/act/18/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ How God wants people to live is spoken of as if it were a road that a person tra # more accurately "correctly" or "more fully" - diff --git a/act/18/27.md b/act/18/27.md index 50efd24dc6..fbc01ae470 100644 --- a/act/18/27.md +++ b/act/18/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "brothers" here refers to men and women believers. You can make explici # those who believed by grace "those who had believed in salvation by grace" or "those who by God's grace believed in Jesus" - diff --git a/act/18/28.md b/act/18/28.md index 72f30fff77..7b789938d6 100644 --- a/act/18/28.md +++ b/act/18/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # showing by the scriptures that Jesus is the Christ "as he showed them by the scriptures that Jesus is the Christ" - diff --git a/act/18/intro.md b/act/18/intro.md index 2a10f879a7..8248d18166 100644 --- a/act/18/intro.md +++ b/act/18/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Acts 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The baptism of John +### The baptism of John Some Jews who lived far away from Jerusalem and Judea had heard of John the Baptist and followed his teachings. They had not yet heard about Jesus. One of these Jews was Apollos. He followed John the Baptist, but he did not know that the Messiah had come. John had baptized people to show that they were sorry for their sins, but this baptism was different from Christian baptism. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Some Jews who lived far away from Jerusalem and Judea had heard of John the Bapt * __[Acts 18:1](../../act/18/01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/19/01.md b/act/19/01.md index c00c7b601b..fa4ad12790 100644 --- a/act/19/01.md +++ b/act/19/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # passed through "traveled through" - diff --git a/act/19/02.md b/act/19/02.md index 309e99b6c9..e6ec2051a0 100644 --- a/act/19/02.md +++ b/act/19/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to have the Holy Spirit come upon them. # we did not even hear about the Holy Spirit "we have not even heard about the Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/act/19/03.md b/act/19/03.md index 54820d427b..f1bee502e6 100644 --- a/act/19/03.md +++ b/act/19/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "What kind of baptism # Into John's baptism You can translate this as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "We were baptized into John's baptism" or "We received the kind of baptism about which John taught" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/act/19/04.md b/act/19/04.md index 802b1bddec..bf065f0bd5 100644 --- a/act/19/04.md +++ b/act/19/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the one" refers to Jesus. # come after him This means to come after John the Baptist in time and not following after him physically. - diff --git a/act/19/05.md b/act/19/05.md index e834b48740..af0bc603fd 100644 --- a/act/19/05.md +++ b/act/19/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they received baptism # in the name of the Lord Jesus Here "name" refers to Jesus's power and authority. Alternate translation: "as believers in the Lord Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/19/06.md b/act/19/06.md index 82d4854f19..5fcec04cf2 100644 --- a/act/19/06.md +++ b/act/19/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All instances of "them" and "they" refer to "the people" ([Acts 19:5](./05.md)) # they spoke in tongues and prophesied Unlike in [Acts 2:3-4](../02/03.md), there are no details of who understood their messages. - diff --git a/act/19/07.md b/act/19/07.md index 93ef5c6121..41cc839a0f 100644 --- a/act/19/07.md +++ b/act/19/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This tells how many men were baptized. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-backgr # twelve men "12 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/act/19/08.md b/act/19/08.md index 878508394e..8378937928 100644 --- a/act/19/08.md +++ b/act/19/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Probable meanings are 1) the words "reasoning" and "persuading" are a hendiadys # about the kingdom of God Here "kingdom" stands for God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "about God's rule as king" or "about how God would show himself as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/19/09.md b/act/19/09.md index 0a701356ee..8ee554771e 100644 --- a/act/19/09.md +++ b/act/19/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ What Christ wants people to believe is spoken of as though it were a road that a # Tyrannus This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/19/10.md b/act/19/10.md index 69d9b8bfa5..c96a8e43bc 100644 --- a/act/19/10.md +++ b/act/19/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "all" is a generalization that means very many people throughout Asia heard # the word of the Lord Here "word" stands for a message. Alternate translation: "the message about the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/19/11.md b/act/19/11.md index 2601435e5b..1e96dc0045 100644 --- a/act/19/11.md +++ b/act/19/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God was doing extraordinary miracles by the hands of Paul Here "hands" stands for Paul's whole person. Alternate translation: "God was causing Paul to do extraordinary miracles" or "God was doing extraordinary miracles through Paul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/19/12.md b/act/19/12.md index 5d45f2548a..f87d3cfb64 100644 --- a/act/19/12.md +++ b/act/19/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This refers to sick people. Alternate translation: "sick people" or "those who w # their illnesses left them "those who were sick became healthy" - diff --git a/act/19/13.md b/act/19/13.md index 3b298fad23..bf1656ba5d 100644 --- a/act/19/13.md +++ b/act/19/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "name" refers to Jesus's power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # By the Jesus This stands for the power and authority of Jesus. Alternate translation: "by the authority of Jesus" or "by the power of Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/19/14.md b/act/19/14.md index 83485072d5..6aafce102c 100644 --- a/act/19/14.md +++ b/act/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sceva This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/19/15.md b/act/19/15.md index 3ffe8c8514..b6e994f3ce 100644 --- a/act/19/15.md +++ b/act/19/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but who are you? The spirit asked this question to emphasize that the exorcists had no authority over evil spirits. Alternate translation: "but I do not know you!" or "but you have no authority over me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/19/16.md b/act/19/16.md index a6bb20e9d3..e4f02f0061 100644 --- a/act/19/16.md +++ b/act/19/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to people who send evil spirits from people or places. See how you t # they fled ... naked The exorcists fled with their clothes ripped off them. - diff --git a/act/19/17.md b/act/19/17.md index d5c69bdd34..5c7cba12a4 100644 --- a/act/19/17.md +++ b/act/19/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they honored the name # the name This stands for the power and authority of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/19/18.md b/act/19/18.md index 42808dda2d..898116b1a7 100644 --- a/act/19/18.md +++ b/act/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This ends the story about the Jewish exorcists. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-endofstory]]) - diff --git a/act/19/19.md b/act/19/19.md index 0bc09bba11..5a46c31c2b 100644 --- a/act/19/19.md +++ b/act/19/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # pieces of silver A "piece of silver" was the approximate daily wage for a common laborer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/act/19/20.md b/act/19/20.md index 428486e3e9..7c42e680ea 100644 --- a/act/19/20.md +++ b/act/19/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So the word of the Lord spread very widely in powerful ways "So because of these powerful deeds, more and more people heard the message about the Lord Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/19/21.md b/act/19/21.md index d46c28e424..accf09e1e3 100644 --- a/act/19/21.md +++ b/act/19/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Achaia was the Roman province in which Corinth was located. It was the largest c # I must also see Rome "I must also travel to Rome" - diff --git a/act/19/22.md b/act/19/22.md index 16f11e510c..7d2cfd0837 100644 --- a/act/19/22.md +++ b/act/19/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is made explicit in the next few verses that Paul remains in Ephesus. (See: [ # he himself This is repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/act/19/23.md b/act/19/23.md index 9745140cb5..419eae9ba4 100644 --- a/act/19/23.md +++ b/act/19/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a summary opening statement. # the Way This was a term used to refer to Christianity. See how you translated this title in [Acts 9:1](../09/01.md). - diff --git a/act/19/24.md b/act/19/24.md index 7409974511..f831aeecf5 100644 --- a/act/19/24.md +++ b/act/19/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of a man. Demetrius was a silversmith in Ephesus who was agains # shrines of Artemis These were probably carved or molten images of the temple of Artemis or of the part of the temple in which the statue of Artemis stood. - diff --git a/act/19/25.md b/act/19/25.md index 9672678422..43c5a686a1 100644 --- a/act/19/25.md +++ b/act/19/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the workmen of that occupation An occupation is a profession or job. Alternate translation: "others who did that kind of work" - diff --git a/act/19/26.md b/act/19/26.md index b235c6bc62..b8bc442e53 100644 --- a/act/19/26.md +++ b/act/19/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul's stopping people from worshiping idols is spoken of as though Paul were tu # He is saying that gods made by hands are not gods Here the word "hands" can refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: "He is saying that the idols that people make are not real gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/19/27.md b/act/19/27.md index 4bbb84eec0..aa474a36d4 100644 --- a/act/19/27.md +++ b/act/19/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will think tha # whom all Asia and the world worship This was an exaggeration to show how popular the goddess Artemis was. Here the words "Asia" and "the world" refer to the people in the province of Asia and the known world. Alternate translation: "whom many people in Asia and in other parts of the world worship" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/19/28.md b/act/19/28.md index fa1d7f9f4c..fa1e5d111c 100644 --- a/act/19/28.md +++ b/act/19/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the craftsmen as though they were containers. Here "anger" is spo # cried out "shouted aloud" or "shouted loudly" - diff --git a/act/19/29.md b/act/19/29.md index 161d829ba0..9b8cca5e58 100644 --- a/act/19/29.md +++ b/act/19/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The men who had been with Paul. # Gaius and Aristarchus These are names of men. Gaius and Aristarchus came from Macedonia but were working with Paul in Ephesus at this time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/19/30.md b/act/19/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/19/30.md +++ b/act/19/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/19/31.md b/act/19/31.md index 7693c28ce4..6d6cd9847d 100644 --- a/act/19/31.md +++ b/act/19/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ephesus was in the Roman Empire's province of Asia. # enter the theater The Ephesus theater was used for public meetings and for entertainment such as plays and music. It was an outdoor semi-circular area with bench seats that could hold thousands of people. See how you translated "theater" in [Acts 19:29](../19/29.md). - diff --git a/act/19/32.md b/act/19/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/19/32.md +++ b/act/19/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/19/33.md b/act/19/33.md index e55a8a1a09..f0357b437b 100644 --- a/act/19/33.md +++ b/act/19/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make explicit that Alexander was showing the crowd that he wanted them t # to give a defense It is not clear whom or what Alexander wanted to defend. If your language requires this information, it might be best to use a general phrase like "to explain what was going on." - diff --git a/act/19/34.md b/act/19/34.md index a4fde76f9d..ef3a50595e 100644 --- a/act/19/34.md +++ b/act/19/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with one voice The shouting together of the people at the same time is spoken of as though they were speaking with one voice. Alternate translation: "in unison" or "together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/19/35.md b/act/19/35.md index 24a8b0410d..78742699e0 100644 --- a/act/19/35.md +++ b/act/19/35.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The Ephesian people maintained and guarded the temple of Artemis. # the image which fell down from heaven Within the temple of Artemis was an image of the goddess. It had been fashioned from a meteorite which fell from the sky. People thought that this rock had come directly from Zeus, the ruler of the Greek gods (idols). - diff --git a/act/19/36.md b/act/19/36.md index 81ad0a4c22..acfc03e718 100644 --- a/act/19/36.md +++ b/act/19/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # rash without careful thought - diff --git a/act/19/37.md b/act/19/37.md index 333d867321..895e19d0b9 100644 --- a/act/19/37.md +++ b/act/19/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # these men The words "these men" refer to Gaius and Aristarchus, Paul's traveling companions ([Acts 19:29](../19/29.md)). - diff --git a/act/19/38.md b/act/19/38.md index bbda800dfb..c1cb6debf5 100644 --- a/act/19/38.md +++ b/act/19/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the Roman governor's representatives who made legal decisions in court (See: [[r # Let them accuse one another This does not mean Demetrius and those with him will accuse each other. It means this is a place where people in general can speak their accusation. Alternate translation: "There people can accuse one another" - diff --git a/act/19/39.md b/act/19/39.md index b355a04acc..b5e75ab4fd 100644 --- a/act/19/39.md +++ b/act/19/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "let us settle it in t # the regular assembly This refers to a regular public gathering of citizens over which the county clerk presided. - diff --git a/act/19/40.md b/act/19/40.md index a78aee22d8..f335e22289 100644 --- a/act/19/40.md +++ b/act/19/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For we are in danger of being accused of rioting today This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "in danger of the Roman authorities accusing us of starting this riot today" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/19/intro.md b/act/19/intro.md index 8b2213979e..38d4608df9 100644 --- a/act/19/intro.md +++ b/act/19/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Acts 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Baptism +### Baptism John baptized people to show that they were sorry for their sins. Jesus's followers baptized people who wanted to follow Jesus. -#### Temple of Diana +### Temple of Diana The temple of Diana was an important place in the city of Ephesus. Many people came to Ephesus to see this temple, and they bought statues of the goddess Diana while they were there. The people who sold statues of Diana were afraid that if people did not believe Diana was a real goddess, they would stop giving the sellers money for statues. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The temple of Diana was an important place in the city of Ephesus. Many people c * __[Acts 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/20/01.md b/act/20/01.md index f35a906761..df7e69f2a4 100644 --- a/act/20/01.md +++ b/act/20/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul leaves Ephesus and continues his travels. # he said farewell "he said goodbye" - diff --git a/act/20/02.md b/act/20/02.md index 298ce3ad31..59822aa16f 100644 --- a/act/20/02.md +++ b/act/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had spoken many words of encouragement to them "had greatly encouraged the believers" or "had said many things to encourage the believers" - diff --git a/act/20/03.md b/act/20/03.md index da36edae55..eed1168857 100644 --- a/act/20/03.md +++ b/act/20/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means only some of the Jews. Alternate translation: "by some of the Jews" ( # as he was about to sail for Syria "as he was ready to sail for Syria" - diff --git a/act/20/04.md b/act/20/04.md index b8d94e92f6..d4307b4df6 100644 --- a/act/20/04.md +++ b/act/20/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Aristarchus ... Gaius These are names of men. See how you translated these names in [Acts 19:29](../19/29.md). - diff --git a/act/20/05.md b/act/20/05.md index 7b2210782d..c9715d5c58 100644 --- a/act/20/05.md +++ b/act/20/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "us" refers to the writer and Paul and those traveling with them, but not t # Troas This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/20/06.md b/act/20/06.md index 88f2b0c23e..d01ca3a4bb 100644 --- a/act/20/06.md +++ b/act/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All instances of "we" refer to the writer and Paul and those traveling with them # the days of unleavened bread This refers to the Jewish religious feast time during the Passover season. See how you translated this in [Acts 12:3](../12/03.md). - diff --git a/act/20/07.md b/act/20/07.md index fe7e9fd1c2..d0adadb6ad 100644 --- a/act/20/07.md +++ b/act/20/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Bread was part of their meals. Possible meanings are 1) this refers simply to ea # he prolonged his message "he continued to speak" - diff --git a/act/20/08.md b/act/20/08.md index cca516e9ee..e02c0d120d 100644 --- a/act/20/08.md +++ b/act/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # upper room This may have been on the third floor of the house. - diff --git a/act/20/09.md b/act/20/09.md index 09b0efccb8..feeb856ddf 100644 --- a/act/20/09.md +++ b/act/20/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ When they went down to check his condition, they saw he was dead. This can be st # third story This means two floors above the ground floor. If your culture does not count the ground floor, you may state this as the "second story." - diff --git a/act/20/10.md b/act/20/10.md index 9af3a93caf..158657e943 100644 --- a/act/20/10.md +++ b/act/20/10.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # on him ... embraced him ... he is alive + Here "him" and "he" refers to the young man, Eutychus. # he said Here "he" refers to Paul. - diff --git a/act/20/11.md b/act/20/11.md index a2c03301a4..136c90cea7 100644 --- a/act/20/11.md +++ b/act/20/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Bread was a common food during meals. Here "broke bread" probably means that the # he left "he went away" - diff --git a/act/20/12.md b/act/20/12.md index b270491394..947901b681 100644 --- a/act/20/12.md +++ b/act/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the boy This refers to Eutychus ([Acts 20:9](../20/09.md)). Possible meanings are 1) he was a young man over 14 years old or 2) he was a boy between 9 and 14 years old or 3) the word "boy" implies that he was a servant or a slave. - diff --git a/act/20/13.md b/act/20/13.md index 97e5233097..964f59fa20 100644 --- a/act/20/13.md +++ b/act/20/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "he himself" refers to Paul. "Himself" is used to emphasize that this is wh # to go by land "to travel on land" - diff --git a/act/20/14.md b/act/20/14.md index 3c85d1f3ca..d20ee3407b 100644 --- a/act/20/14.md +++ b/act/20/14.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ # he met ... took him + Here "he" and "him" refer to Paul. # met us ... we took + Here the words "we" and "us" refer to the writer and those traveling with him, but not to the reader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) # went to Mitylene Mitylene is a town located in present day Mitilini in Turkey on the coast of the Aegean sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/20/15.md b/act/20/15.md index 720b7619e2..d6cd729e2b 100644 --- a/act/20/15.md +++ b/act/20/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Samos is an island south of Chios in the Aegean Sea off the coast of modern day # the city of Miletus Miletus was a port city in western Asia Minor near the mouth of the Meander River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/20/16.md b/act/20/16.md index e46903dd33..0f0ea277a1 100644 --- a/act/20/16.md +++ b/act/20/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul sailed south past the port city of Ephesus, further south in order to land # so that he would not spend any time This speaks about "time" as if it were a commodity that a person could spend or use up. Alternate translation: "so that he would not have to remain for a time" or "so that he would not have a delay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/20/17.md b/act/20/17.md index 186dcb5691..9700a1687c 100644 --- a/act/20/17.md +++ b/act/20/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul calls the elders of the church of Ephesus and begins to speak to them. # Miletus Miletus was a port city in western Asia Minor near the mouth of the Meander River. See how you translated this in [Acts 20:15](../20/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/20/18.md b/act/20/18.md index 85d566b262..0be77120d9 100644 --- a/act/20/18.md +++ b/act/20/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "foot" stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: "I entered Asia # how I always spent my time with you This speaks about time as if it were something that a person could spend. Alternate translation: "how I always conducted myself when I was with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/20/19.md b/act/20/19.md index dbf86a0d6d..8cfb1bc405 100644 --- a/act/20/19.md +++ b/act/20/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "tears" stands for feeling sad and crying. Alternate translation: "with cry # of the Jews This does not mean every Jew. This lets us know who plotted. Alternate translation: "of some of the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/20/20.md b/act/20/20.md index d10c0be0ae..0d1b284a1d 100644 --- a/act/20/20.md +++ b/act/20/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from house to house "I also taught when I was in your homes" - diff --git a/act/20/21.md b/act/20/21.md index 0880e434f8..da8d375a5b 100644 --- a/act/20/21.md +++ b/act/20/21.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ The abstract nouns "repentance" and "faith" can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "that they need to repent before God and believe in our Lord Jesus Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) # our Lord Jesus -The word "our" refers to Paul and the elders to whom he is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) +The word "our" refers to Paul and the elders to whom he is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) diff --git a/act/20/22.md b/act/20/22.md index 74ffa8b244..8cad5e5bf3 100644 --- a/act/20/22.md +++ b/act/20/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because the Spirit co # not knowing what will happen to me there "and I do not know what will happen to me there" - diff --git a/act/20/23.md b/act/20/23.md index a54e207e45..240c3f3145 100644 --- a/act/20/23.md +++ b/act/20/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # chains and afflictions await me Here "chains" refers to Paul's being arrested and put in prison. Alternate translation: "people will put me in prison and cause me to suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/20/24.md b/act/20/24.md index 51e3e96a5c..32cb2ab596 100644 --- a/act/20/24.md +++ b/act/20/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks about completing the work that Jesus has commanded him to do as if h # to testify to the gospel of the grace of God "to tell people the good news about God's grace." This is the ministry that Paul received from Jesus. - diff --git a/act/20/25.md b/act/20/25.md index af6803d0f6..fd68d48e2a 100644 --- a/act/20/25.md +++ b/act/20/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "kingdom" stands for God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "to whom I # will see my face no more The word "face" here represents Paul's physical body. Alternate translation: "will not see me anymore on this earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/20/26.md b/act/20/26.md index 345ea12c50..e7bb196f9e 100644 --- a/act/20/26.md +++ b/act/20/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "blood" stands for a person's death, which, in this case, is not physical d # any man Here this means any person whether male or female. Alternate translation: "any person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/act/20/27.md b/act/20/27.md index 708ca5b9df..7d81ac1dcc 100644 --- a/act/20/27.md +++ b/act/20/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For I did not hold back from declaring to you "For I did not keep silent and not tell you." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "For I certainly declared to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/act/20/28.md b/act/20/28.md index 0d3ddbfc5f..7d2de771cd 100644 --- a/act/20/28.md +++ b/act/20/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The shedding of the blood of Christ here is likened to a payment to God for our # his own blood Here "blood" stands for Christ's death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/20/29.md b/act/20/29.md index be03a4b3b9..501ca71d13 100644 --- a/act/20/29.md +++ b/act/20/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # vicious wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock This is a picture of people who teach false doctrine and who harm the community of believers as though they were wolves that eat the sheep of the flock. Alternate translation: "many enemies will come among you and try to harm the community of believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/20/30.md b/act/20/30.md index 8410e574d5..22cf48c0ac 100644 --- a/act/20/30.md +++ b/act/20/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to draw away the disciples after them A false teacher convincing believers to start believing his false teaching is spoken of as if he were leading sheep away from the flock to follow him. Alternate translation: "in order to convince people who are disciples of Christ to become his disciples instead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/20/31.md b/act/20/31.md index eaa6fb3153..0ff36a8ccd 100644 --- a/act/20/31.md +++ b/act/20/31.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This does not mean that the only words he spoke were words of warning. Rather, P # with tears Here "tears" refers to Paul's crying because of the strong emotion of concern he felt while he was warning the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/20/32.md b/act/20/32.md index 7d93a4d7d1..35459c0403 100644 --- a/act/20/32.md +++ b/act/20/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks about the "word of his grace" as if the word itself would give the i # the inheritance The blessings that God gives believers are spoken of as if they were money or property that a child inherits from his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/20/33.md b/act/20/33.md index 19b9b73112..6fbbdc0020 100644 --- a/act/20/33.md +++ b/act/20/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # man's silver, gold, or clothing Clothing was considered a treasure; the more you had, the richer you were. - diff --git a/act/20/34.md b/act/20/34.md index 4cf671068a..bf2ff266ad 100644 --- a/act/20/34.md +++ b/act/20/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "yourselves" is used here to add emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # these hands served my own needs The word "hands" here represents the entire person. Alternate translation: "I worked to earn money and pay for my own expenses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/20/35.md b/act/20/35.md index 54dcdc498c..b3673c703e 100644 --- a/act/20/35.md +++ b/act/20/35.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "words" refers to what Jesus has said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-meto # It is more blessed to give than to receive This means a person receives the favor of God and experiences more joy when he gives to other people rather than always receiving from other people. - diff --git a/act/20/36.md b/act/20/36.md index 312aae738d..2e04feba06 100644 --- a/act/20/36.md +++ b/act/20/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul ends his time with the elders of the church of Ephesus by praying with them # he knelt down and prayed It was a common custom to kneel down while praying. It was a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/act/20/37.md b/act/20/37.md index 580e1af947..a4e097a02b 100644 --- a/act/20/37.md +++ b/act/20/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # kissed him Kissing someone on the cheek is an expression of brotherly or friendly love in the Middle East. - diff --git a/act/20/38.md b/act/20/38.md index 9f84937415..5e80263634 100644 --- a/act/20/38.md +++ b/act/20/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they would never see his face again The word "face" here represents Paul's physical body. Alternate translation: "they would not see him anymore on this earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/20/intro.md b/act/20/intro.md index 3e5f8681c6..2f9676600c 100644 --- a/act/20/intro.md +++ b/act/20/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Acts 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter Luke describes Paul's last visits to believers in the provinces of Macedonia and Asia before he went to Jerusalem. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Race +### Race Paul spoke of living for Jesus as if he were running in a race. By this he meant that he needed to keep working hard even when things were difficult and he wanted to quit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/discipline]]) -#### "Compelled by the Spirit" +### "Compelled by the Spirit" Paul thought that the Holy Spirit wanted him to go to Jerusalem even if Paul did not want to go there. The same Holy Spirit told other people that when Paul arrived in Jerusalem, people would try to harm him. @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ Paul thought that the Holy Spirit wanted him to go to Jerusalem even if Paul did * __[Acts 20:1](../../act/20/01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/21/01.md b/act/21/01.md index 45e4e5a9c0..c781f0be8c 100644 --- a/act/21/01.md +++ b/act/21/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Rhodes is a Greek island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the South Aegean # city of Patara Patara is a city on the southwest coast of modern day Turkey south of the Aegean Sea in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/21/02.md b/act/21/02.md index d30d85b0ea..947783e5b3 100644 --- a/act/21/02.md +++ b/act/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "a ship crossing over" stands for the crew that would sail the ship. Altern # a ship crossing over Here "crossing" does not mean it was presently crossing but that it would be crossing to Phoenicia soon. Alternate translation: "a ship that would be going across the water" or "a ship that would be going" - diff --git a/act/21/03.md b/act/21/03.md index 9848c9164f..73d69476a1 100644 --- a/act/21/03.md +++ b/act/21/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The left is the "port" side of a boat. Here this means they sailed south of Cypr # where the ship was to unload its cargo Here "ship" stands for the crew that was sailing the ship. Alternate translation: "the crew would unload the cargo from the ship" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/21/04.md b/act/21/04.md index ae833b4afa..d86fa4b5e4 100644 --- a/act/21/04.md +++ b/act/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Through the Spirit they kept urging Paul not to go to Jerusalem "The Spirit caused them to urge Paul again and again not to go to Jerusalem." The Spirit may have revealed to them that Paul would suffer in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "Because the Spirit had told them that Paul would suffer in Jerusalem, they urged him again and again not to go there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/21/05.md b/act/21/05.md index 6ef2810eb5..0ed3757294 100644 --- a/act/21/05.md +++ b/act/21/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "They" refers to the believers from Tyre. # knelt down on the beach, prayed It was a common custom to kneel down while praying. This was a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/act/21/06.md b/act/21/06.md index f8cff33b06..286544d761 100644 --- a/act/21/06.md +++ b/act/21/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # said farewell to each other "said goodbye to one another" - diff --git a/act/21/07.md b/act/21/07.md index 1fdf94a65c..436a6c7523 100644 --- a/act/21/07.md +++ b/act/21/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ptolemais was a city south of Tyre, Lebanon. Ptolemais is modern day Acre, Israe # the brothers "fellow believers" - diff --git a/act/21/08.md b/act/21/08.md index 9b34a4f568..cbfc049464 100644 --- a/act/21/08.md +++ b/act/21/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "seven" refers to the men chosen to distribute food and aid to the widows in # evangelist a person who tells people good news - diff --git a/act/21/09.md b/act/21/09.md index 55748a2ff3..a51c29103c 100644 --- a/act/21/09.md +++ b/act/21/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here Luke tells backgro # four virgin daughters who prophesied "four virgin daughters who regularly received and passed along messages from God" - diff --git a/act/21/10.md b/act/21/10.md index a30dd0c865..5f700af645 100644 --- a/act/21/10.md +++ b/act/21/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This introduces a new person in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-pa # named Agabus Agabus was a man from Judea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/21/11.md b/act/21/11.md index 84a27a71fb..446f7c11fa 100644 --- a/act/21/11.md +++ b/act/21/11.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "hands" here represents control. Alternate translation: "into the legal # the Gentiles This stands for the authorities among the Gentiles. Alternate translation: "the Gentile authorities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/21/12.md b/act/21/12.md index 7c9eb54fd7..30af380f85 100644 --- a/act/21/12.md +++ b/act/21/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here the word "we" refers to Luke and the other believers but does not include the reader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/act/21/13.md b/act/21/13.md index b963620517..37f1eddd39 100644 --- a/act/21/13.md +++ b/act/21/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "not only for them to # for the name of the Lord Jesus Here "name" refers to the person of Jesus. Alternate translation: "for the sake of the Lord Jesus" or "because I believe in the Lord Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/21/14.md b/act/21/14.md index 71a6ac6dfd..ca0d1c357b 100644 --- a/act/21/14.md +++ b/act/21/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit what they could not persuade Paul not to do. Alter # May the will of the Lord be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May everything happen as the Lord has planned it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/21/15.md b/act/21/15.md index 4f0138cb28..df97273a7e 100644 --- a/act/21/15.md +++ b/act/21/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "we" refers to Luke, Paul, and those traveling with them, and not # Connecting Statement: This ends Paul's time in Caesarea. - diff --git a/act/21/16.md b/act/21/16.md index 53be4e1429..daa55af457 100644 --- a/act/21/16.md +++ b/act/21/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Mnason was a man from the island of Cyprus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate # an early disciple This means Mnason was one of the first to believe in Jesus. - diff --git a/act/21/17.md b/act/21/17.md index b9934ffed9..3e7ce09b45 100644 --- a/act/21/17.md +++ b/act/21/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul and his companions arrive in Jerusalem. # the brothers welcomed us Here "brothers" refers to the believers in Jerusalem, whether male or female. Alternate translation: "the fellow believers welcomed us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/act/21/18.md b/act/21/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/21/18.md +++ b/act/21/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/21/19.md b/act/21/19.md index 64cf8d47a8..f15fb9ef63 100644 --- a/act/21/19.md +++ b/act/21/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "he" and "his" refer to Paul. The word "them" refers to the elder # he reported one by one "he gave a detailed account of all" - diff --git a/act/21/20.md b/act/21/20.md index 6f2f4e320b..0b64b1d594 100644 --- a/act/21/20.md +++ b/act/21/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "they" refers to Jewish believers who wanted all believing Jews to keep # the law this phrase here refers to the law of Moses - diff --git a/act/21/21.md b/act/21/21.md index 272e0d062c..c99410c156 100644 --- a/act/21/21.md +++ b/act/21/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A person who obeys the traditions and customs is spoken of as if he were walking # the traditional ways "the usual Jewish customs" - diff --git a/act/21/22.md b/act/21/22.md index 3aa879819f..1dd53a4e72 100644 --- a/act/21/22.md +++ b/act/21/22.md @@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ Here the word "we" refers to James and the elders ([Acts 21:18](../21/18.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) # They will + The word "They" refers to the Jewish believers in Jerusalem who wanted to teach Jewish believers that they could still follow the laws of Moses ([Acts 21:20-21](./20.md)). # you have come -The word "you" refers to Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) +The word "you" refers to Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) diff --git a/act/21/23.md b/act/21/23.md index c3c0d31f4b..885ab7577e 100644 --- a/act/21/23.md +++ b/act/21/23.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + Here the word "we" refers to James and the elders ([Acts 21:18](../21/18.md)). Here "you" refers to Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # four men who made a vow "four men who made a promise to God." This was the kind of vow where a person would not drink alcohol or cut his hair until the end of a set period of time. - diff --git a/act/21/24.md b/act/21/24.md index d2481a9fd8..d9d51006fe 100644 --- a/act/21/24.md +++ b/act/21/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Connecting Statement: + James and the elders continue speaking to Paul. # Take these men and purify yourself with them @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This was a sign that the person had completed what they promised God they would # the things they have been told about you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things that people are saying about you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/21/25.md b/act/21/25.md index 9417e727df..66b4a78f4d 100644 --- a/act/21/25.md +++ b/act/21/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they stay away from t # from what is strangled This can be stated in active form. You can also state explicitly the assumed information about strangled animals. Alternate translation: "from animals that a person has strangled" or "from animals that a person killed for food but did not drain its blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/21/26.md b/act/21/26.md index f2b46a87db..ff8fb79d39 100644 --- a/act/21/26.md +++ b/act/21/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a separate purification process from the purification process which they # the offering would be presented This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they presented the animals for an offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/21/27.md b/act/21/27.md index 29e6ed3de9..2661d7c731 100644 --- a/act/21/27.md +++ b/act/21/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ People who incited a crowd to become very angry at Paul are spoken of as if they # laid hands on him Here "laid hands on" means to "seized" or to "grabbed." See how you translated "laid hands on" in [Acts 5:18](../05/18.md). Alternate translation: "grabbed Paul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/21/28.md b/act/21/28.md index 45a21bb289..9c61d7da37 100644 --- a/act/21/28.md +++ b/act/21/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Besides, he has also brought Greeks into the temple Only Jewish males were allowed in certain areas of the courtyard of the Jerusalem temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/21/29.md b/act/21/29.md index 6e5a883075..0bf0dca9f4 100644 --- a/act/21/29.md +++ b/act/21/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is background information. Luke is explaining why the Jews from Asia though # Trophimus This was a Greek man that they accused Paul of having brought into the inner temple area that was only for Jews. See how you translated his name in [Acts 20:4](../20/04.md). - diff --git a/act/21/30.md b/act/21/30.md index c65384643b..2b0ed36f89 100644 --- a/act/21/30.md +++ b/act/21/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "All" here is an exaggeration for emphasis. The word "city" represents # the doors were immediately shut They shut the doors so that there would not be rioting in the temple area. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "some of the Jews immediately shut the temple doors" or "the temple guards immediately shut the doors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/21/32.md b/act/21/32.md index 40a4eaa6e9..573a9889cb 100644 --- a/act/21/32.md +++ b/act/21/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The first word "he" refers to the chief captain of the guard mentioned in [Acts # ran down From the fortress, there are stairs going down into the court. - diff --git a/act/21/33.md b/act/21/33.md index 3f76588f81..06a99a4f7e 100644 --- a/act/21/33.md +++ b/act/21/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "he asked, 'Who # he asked who he was The chief captain is speaking to the crowd, not to Paul. - diff --git a/act/21/34.md b/act/21/34.md index 7b2b334032..b2c4621205 100644 --- a/act/21/34.md +++ b/act/21/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he ordered his soldie # into the fortress This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. - diff --git a/act/21/35.md b/act/21/35.md index 2d9a5cdc06..e478fe0813 100644 --- a/act/21/35.md +++ b/act/21/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When he came to the steps, he was carried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When Paul came to the steps of the fortress, the soldiers carried him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/21/36.md b/act/21/36.md index 80e7e44dff..c21f128d4e 100644 --- a/act/21/36.md +++ b/act/21/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Away with him The crowd is using somewhat milder and less exact language to ask for Paul's death. Alternate translation: "Put him to death" or "Kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/act/21/37.md b/act/21/37.md index be8684a171..527ffe5b4e 100644 --- a/act/21/37.md +++ b/act/21/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The chief captain uses this questions to express surprise that Paul is not who h # know Greek know how to speak and understand the Greek language - diff --git a/act/21/38.md b/act/21/38.md index 62753093be..fccd33787c 100644 --- a/act/21/38.md +++ b/act/21/38.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This word "rebellion" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "caused pe # Assassins This refers to a group of Jewish rebels who killed Romans and anyone who supported the Roman government. - diff --git a/act/21/39.md b/act/21/39.md index e04ba837e2..0f07bcf238 100644 --- a/act/21/39.md +++ b/act/21/39.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Or "I plead with you." # allow me "please allow me" or please permit me" - diff --git a/act/21/40.md b/act/21/40.md index 0f5423a0de..69bea9dd9a 100644 --- a/act/21/40.md +++ b/act/21/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It can be stated explicitly why Paul motioned with the hand. Alternate translati # When there was a deep silence "When the people were completely silent" - diff --git a/act/21/intro.md b/act/21/intro.md index 56ee35e4f0..f4ace57a8f 100644 --- a/act/21/intro.md +++ b/act/21/intro.md @@ -1,31 +1,31 @@ # Acts 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Acts 21:1-19 describes Paul's journey to Jerusalem. After he arrived in Jerusalem, the believers there told him that the Jews wanted to harm him and what he should do so they would not harm him (verses 20-26). Even though Paul did what the believers told him to do, the Jews tried to kill him. The Romans rescued him and gave him a chance to speak to the Jews. The last verse of the chapter ends with an incomplete sentence. Most translations leave the sentence incomplete, as the ULB does. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "They are all determined to keep the law" +### "They are all determined to keep the law" The Jews in Jerusalem were following the law of Moses. Even those who were following Jesus still kept the law. Both groups thought that Paul had been telling Jews in Greece not to keep the law. But it was only the Gentiles to whom Paul was saying that. -#### Nazarite vow +### Nazarite vow + The vow that Paul and his three friends made was probably a Nazarite vow, because they shaved their heads ([Acts 21:23](../../act/21/23.md)). -#### Gentiles in the temple +### Gentiles in the temple The Jews accused Paul of bringing a Gentile man into a part of the temple into which God only allowed Jews to go. They thought that God wanted them to punish Paul by killing him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) -#### Roman citizenship +### Roman citizenship -The Romans thought that they needed to treat only Roman citizens justly. They could do as they desired with people who were not Roman citizens, but they had to obey the law with other Romans. Some people were born Roman citizens, and others gave money to the Roman government so they could become Roman citizens. +The Romans thought that they needed to treat only Roman citizens justly. They could do as they desired with people who were not Roman citizens, but they had to obey the law with other Romans. Some people were born Roman citizens, and others gave money to the Roman government so they could become Roman citizens. ## Links: * __[Acts 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/22/01.md b/act/22/01.md index 9e005bbd6c..3fb0e12bac 100644 --- a/act/22/01.md +++ b/act/22/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of addressing men who are Paul's age as well as the older m # I will now make to you "I will now explain to you" or "I will now present to you" - diff --git a/act/22/02.md b/act/22/02.md index 243f7ac3e8..7d10e9a5dd 100644 --- a/act/22/02.md +++ b/act/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Hebrew language The Hebrew language was the language of the Jews. - diff --git a/act/22/03.md b/act/22/03.md index d9d86587c7..6cd737ecfa 100644 --- a/act/22/03.md +++ b/act/22/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He instructed me how # just as all of you are today "in the same way all of you are today." Paul compares himself with the crowd. - diff --git a/act/22/04.md b/act/22/04.md index 96c1920578..8c9d295d6d 100644 --- a/act/22/04.md +++ b/act/22/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a term used to refer to Christianity. See how you translated "the Way" # binding up and delivering to prison both men and women "tying up both men and women and taking them to prison" - diff --git a/act/22/05.md b/act/22/05.md index 84435e98a3..d942162083 100644 --- a/act/22/05.md +++ b/act/22/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "brothers" refers to "fellow Jews." # to be punished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that they would receive punishment" or "so that the Jewish authorities could punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/22/06.md b/act/22/06.md index 46f6a8247a..5633de3f5a 100644 --- a/act/22/06.md +++ b/act/22/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul describes his encounter with Jesus. # It happened that This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/act/22/07.md b/act/22/07.md index 5c0cdc0203..3a167b77e8 100644 --- a/act/22/07.md +++ b/act/22/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # heard a voice say to me Here "voice" stands for the person speaking. Alternate translation: "I heard someone say to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/22/08.md b/act/22/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/22/08.md +++ b/act/22/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/22/09.md b/act/22/09.md index d3b2de97a9..32b1bf560a 100644 --- a/act/22/09.md +++ b/act/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they did not understand the voice of him who spoke to me Here "voice" stands for the person speaking. Alternate translation: "they did not understand what the one who spoke to me was saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/22/10.md b/act/22/10.md index 9c39522945..d94781c048 100644 --- a/act/22/10.md +++ b/act/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There you will be told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "There someone will tell you" or "There you will learn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/22/11.md b/act/22/11.md index b3321c1eeb..715647f1bc 100644 --- a/act/22/11.md +++ b/act/22/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # being led by the hands of those who were with me, I came into Damascus Here "hands" stands for those leading Paul. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those with me guided me into Damascus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/22/12.md b/act/22/12.md index 2157a9efdb..a7e1ed0307 100644 --- a/act/22/12.md +++ b/act/22/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ananias was very serious about following God's law. # law and well spoken of by all the Jews who lived there This can be stated in active form in a new sentence. Alternate translation: "law. All the Jews who lived there spoke well of him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/22/13.md b/act/22/13.md index 885101ad0f..31768b90fe 100644 --- a/act/22/13.md +++ b/act/22/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "sight" can be translated with the verb "see." Alternate translation: " # In that very hour This was a customary way of saying something happened immediately. Alternate translation: "At that instant" or "Instantly" or "Immediately" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/22/14.md b/act/22/14.md index a65bcbad12..a933a8df2d 100644 --- a/act/22/14.md +++ b/act/22/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Ananias ([Acts 22:12](../22/12.md)). # to hear the voice coming from his own mouth Both "voice" and "mouth" refer to the one speaking. Alternate translation: "to hear him speak directly to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/22/15.md b/act/22/15.md index cf4ed1e1e4..410082782e 100644 --- a/act/22/15.md +++ b/act/22/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to all men Here "men" means all people whether male or female. Alternate translation: "to all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/act/22/16.md b/act/22/16.md index 3865a08037..2c96292617 100644 --- a/act/22/16.md +++ b/act/22/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ As washing one's body removes dirt, calling on the name of Jesus for forgiveness # calling on his name Here "name" refers to the Lord. Alternate translation: "calling on the Lord" or "trusting in the Lord" - diff --git a/act/22/17.md b/act/22/17.md index 174bb90826..29bf716034 100644 --- a/act/22/17.md +++ b/act/22/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul begins to tell the crowd about his vision of Jesus. # a trance came on me This metaphor means that Paul went into the trance without expecting it or desiring it. See how you translated similar words in [Acts 10:10](../10/10.md). Alternate translation: "I went into a trance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/22/18.md b/act/22/18.md index 104bbe37f4..0f6bdf96de 100644 --- a/act/22/18.md +++ b/act/22/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they will not accept your testimony about me "those who live in Jerusalem will not believe what you tell them about me" - diff --git a/act/22/19.md b/act/22/19.md index e1031d2f02..03b9f10b6f 100644 --- a/act/22/19.md +++ b/act/22/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "themselves" is used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpro # in every synagogue Paul went to synagogues to find Jews who believed in Jesus. - diff --git a/act/22/20.md b/act/22/20.md index f89e2e63a3..9c6bd8a94c 100644 --- a/act/22/20.md +++ b/act/22/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the blood of Stephen your witness was spilled Here "blood" stands for Stephen's life. To spill blood means to kill. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they killed Stephen, who testified about you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/22/21.md b/act/22/21.md index 84e05d2227..47da1e4b3f 100644 --- a/act/22/21.md +++ b/act/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This ends what Paul was able to say to the crowd of Jewish people by the fortress. - diff --git a/act/22/22.md b/act/22/22.md index 737974ac73..57d26b84b0 100644 --- a/act/22/22.md +++ b/act/22/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "him" and "he" refer to Paul. # Away with such a fellow from the earth The phrase "from the earth" adds emphasis to "Away with such a fellow." Alternate translation: "Kill him" - diff --git a/act/22/23.md b/act/22/23.md index c5804df682..b3b114c7ff 100644 --- a/act/22/23.md +++ b/act/22/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # throwing off their cloaks, and throwing dust into the air These actions show that the Jews there are outraged because they feel Paul has spoken against God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/act/22/24.md b/act/22/24.md index 920533ddb2..36458484da 100644 --- a/act/22/24.md +++ b/act/22/24.md @@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated th The commander wants soldiers to torture Paul by whipping him to ensure he tells the truth. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He ordered his soldiers to whip Paul to force him to tell the truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # He ordered that he + The first "he" refers to chief captain. The second "he" refers to Paul. # that he himself The word "himself" is used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/act/22/25.md b/act/22/25.md index c617ae9053..ed75479ad7 100644 --- a/act/22/25.md +++ b/act/22/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were strips of leather or animal hide. # Is it lawful for you to scourge a man who is a Roman and who has not been put on trial? Paul uses this question to make the centurion check the validity of having his soldiers whip Paul. Alternate translation: "It is not lawful for you to whip a man who is a Roman and who was not given his legal right to a trial!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/22/26.md b/act/22/26.md index 8b5ae9bfc8..2f03eae632 100644 --- a/act/22/26.md +++ b/act/22/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What are you about to do? This question is used to urge the commander to reconsider his plan to whip Paul. Alternate translation: "You should not do this!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/22/27.md b/act/22/27.md index 6d0a05d6c2..38a811888c 100644 --- a/act/22/27.md +++ b/act/22/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "him" refers to Paul. # The chief captain came Here "came" can be translated as "went." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/act/22/28.md b/act/22/28.md index 72d190ce10..65156c373c 100644 --- a/act/22/28.md +++ b/act/22/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I was born a Roman citizen If a man was a Roman citizen, then his children become Roman citizens automatically when they were born. - diff --git a/act/22/29.md b/act/22/29.md index abeddba6f8..0e95e218db 100644 --- a/act/22/29.md +++ b/act/22/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the men who were going to question "the men who planned to question" or "the men who were preparing to question" - diff --git a/act/22/30.md b/act/22/30.md index f94bc05e30..27c4540418 100644 --- a/act/22/30.md +++ b/act/22/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possibly the "chief captain" stands for the chief captain's soldiers. Alternate # he brought Paul down There was a stairway going down from the fortress to the temple courts. - diff --git a/act/22/intro.md b/act/22/intro.md index 3e2a3a38bf..6399390e2f 100644 --- a/act/22/intro.md +++ b/act/22/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,20 @@ # Acts 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the second account of Paul's conversion in the book of Acts. Because this is such an important event in the early church, there are three accounts of Paul's conversion. (See: [Acts 9](../09/01.md) and [Acts 26](../26/01.md)) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "In the Hebrew language" +### "In the Hebrew language" -Most Jews at this time spoke Aramaic and Greek. Most of the people who spoke Hebrew were educated Jewish scholars. This is why the people paid attention when Paul started speaking in Hebrew. +Most Jews at this time spoke Aramaic and Greek. Most of the people who spoke Hebrew were educated Jewish scholars. This is why the people paid attention when Paul started speaking in Hebrew. -#### "The Way" +### "The Way" No one knows for sure who first started calling believers "followers of the Way." This is probably what the believers called themselves, because the Bible often speaks of a person living his life as if that person were walking on a path or "way." If this is true, the believers were "following the way of the Lord" by living in a way that pleased God. -#### Roman citizenship +### Roman citizenship The Romans thought that they needed to treat only Roman citizens justly. They could do as they desired with people who were not Roman citizens, but they had to obey the law with other Romans. Some people were born Roman citizens, and others gave money to the Roman government so they could become Roman citizens. The "chief captain" could have been punished for treating a Roman citizen the same way he would treat a non-citizen. @@ -23,4 +23,3 @@ The Romans thought that they needed to treat only Roman citizens justly. They co * __[Acts 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/23/01.md b/act/23/01.md index 951e7d3ea6..c853f421ea 100644 --- a/act/23/01.md +++ b/act/23/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this means "Fellow Jews." # I have lived before God in all good conscience until this day "I know that even to this day I have done what God has wanted me to do" - diff --git a/act/23/02.md b/act/23/02.md index f33f350915..3d29b774db 100644 --- a/act/23/02.md +++ b/act/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ananias This is the name of a man. Although he has the same name, the Ananias here is neither the Ananias mentioned in [Acts 5:1](../05/01.md) nor the Ananias mentioned in [Acts 9:10](../09/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/23/03.md b/act/23/03.md index b501ab496c..6301cf4fa7 100644 --- a/act/23/03.md +++ b/act/23/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses a question to point out Ananias' hypocrisy. Some modern translations r # order me to be struck This can be stated in active form. You can use the same word for "strike" as you did in the phrase "God will strike you." Alternate translation: "command people to strike me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/23/04.md b/act/23/04.md index 4cf109f17c..1c3a54d2f7 100644 --- a/act/23/04.md +++ b/act/23/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is this how you insult God's high priest? The men use this question to scold Paul for what he has said in [Acts 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: "Do not insult God's high priest!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/23/05.md b/act/23/05.md index f275124cd1..534d8bd1cf 100644 --- a/act/23/05.md +++ b/act/23/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For it is written Paul is about to quote what Moses wrote in the law. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For Moses wrote in the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/23/06.md b/act/23/06.md index 489d4c0b55..a676ef4b79 100644 --- a/act/23/06.md +++ b/act/23/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "the dead" can be expressed as "those who have died." [[rc://en/ta/ma # I am being judged This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you are judging me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/23/07.md b/act/23/07.md index 2d18430950..15c7739b81 100644 --- a/act/23/07.md +++ b/act/23/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the crowd was divided "the people in the crowd strongly disagreed with one another" - diff --git a/act/23/08.md b/act/23/08.md index 8906c914ca..a89ab22a7f 100644 --- a/act/23/08.md +++ b/act/23/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the Sadducees ... but the Pharisees This is background information about the Sadducees and Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/act/23/09.md b/act/23/09.md index 35c815ef66..cfec988d15 100644 --- a/act/23/09.md +++ b/act/23/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him? The Pharisees use this question to suggest that Paul may have gotten his teaching from an angel or a spirit. They may be rebuking the Sadducees for not believing that spirits and angels exist and can speak to people. Alternate translation: "Maybe a spirit or an angel has spoken with him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/23/10.md b/act/23/10.md index 8e6ef340d9..f5274798df 100644 --- a/act/23/10.md +++ b/act/23/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. The phrase "be torn to pieces" might be an ex # into the fortress This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in [Acts 21:34](../21/34.md). - diff --git a/act/23/11.md b/act/23/11.md index 483e6fab0d..349a0fb747 100644 --- a/act/23/11.md +++ b/act/23/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means the night after the day Paul went before the council. Alternate trans # testify in Rome The words "about me" are understood. Alternate translation: "testify about me in Rome" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/act/23/12.md b/act/23/12.md index 3914320672..fc2506e7f6 100644 --- a/act/23/12.md +++ b/act/23/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ While Paul is in the prison at the fortress, the disbelieving religious Jews vow # put themselves under an oath The noun "oath" is an abstract noun that refers to a promise that the men made to God to kill Paul. It can also be made explicit what would happen to the men if they did not do what they had promised to do. Alternate translation: "asked God to curse them if they did not do what they promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/23/13.md b/act/23/13.md index ba28cf6f59..691067f341 100644 --- a/act/23/13.md +++ b/act/23/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who formed this conspiracy "who made this plan" or "who planned to kill Paul" - diff --git a/act/23/14.md b/act/23/14.md index a249192b86..5024aa656a 100644 --- a/act/23/14.md +++ b/act/23/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "They" refers to the forty Jews in [Acts 23:13](../23/13.md). # We have sworn a great oath to eat nothing until we have killed Paul "We have sworn to eat nothing until we have killed Paul. We asked God to curse us if we do not do what we promised to do" - diff --git a/act/23/15.md b/act/23/15.md index 5b677ed8dc..5d63881213 100644 --- a/act/23/15.md +++ b/act/23/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the import # as if you would decide his case more precisely "as though you want to learn more about what Paul has done" - diff --git a/act/23/16.md b/act/23/16.md index 8e255aedd7..82f30abcec 100644 --- a/act/23/16.md +++ b/act/23/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the fortress This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in [Acts 21:34](../21/34.md). - diff --git a/act/23/17.md b/act/23/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/23/17.md +++ b/act/23/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/23/18.md b/act/23/18.md index 25a89b2818..1199c9895e 100644 --- a/act/23/18.md +++ b/act/23/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this young man Since the chief captain calls him a young man, this suggests Paul's nephew may have been 12 to 15 years old. - diff --git a/act/23/19.md b/act/23/19.md index b15b218f57..e211717af0 100644 --- a/act/23/19.md +++ b/act/23/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # chief captain took him by the hand Since the chief captain took the young man by the hand and calls him a young man (verse 18), this suggests Paul's nephew may have been 12 to 15 years old. - diff --git a/act/23/20.md b/act/23/20.md index 51d5de95c2..dfa1c9c075 100644 --- a/act/23/20.md +++ b/act/23/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not mean all Jews, but all of the group that was there. Alternate tran # they were going to ask more precisely about his case "they wanted to learn more about what Paul has done" - diff --git a/act/23/21.md b/act/23/21.md index 43af432962..a961a523a8 100644 --- a/act/23/21.md +++ b/act/23/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # for your approval "for you to agree to do what they have asked you to do" - diff --git a/act/23/22.md b/act/23/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/23/22.md +++ b/act/23/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/23/23.md b/act/23/23.md index 53aeeb0de2..d11a1ed67e 100644 --- a/act/23/23.md +++ b/act/23/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # third hour of the night This was about 9:00 p.m. at night. - diff --git a/act/23/24.md b/act/23/24.md index 1f8e91689c..6c58129aaa 100644 --- a/act/23/24.md +++ b/act/23/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Felix the governor Felix, who resided at Caesarea, was the roman governor of the area. - diff --git a/act/23/25.md b/act/23/25.md index 6459609b81..7d3a8f98cb 100644 --- a/act/23/25.md +++ b/act/23/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here "he" refers to the chief captain. - diff --git a/act/23/26.md b/act/23/26.md index a81facd641..c437589743 100644 --- a/act/23/26.md +++ b/act/23/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + Claudius Lysias was the name of the chief captain. Governor Felix was the Roman governor over the whole region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Claudius Lysias to the most excellent Governor Felix, greetings @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This is a formal introduction to the letter. The chief captain begins by referri # to the most excellent Governor Felix "to Governor Felix, you who deserve the greatest honors" - diff --git a/act/23/27.md b/act/23/27.md index 56888a9858..2ffd15f958 100644 --- a/act/23/27.md +++ b/act/23/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they were ready to ki # I came upon them with soldiers "I with my soldiers arrived at the place where Paul and these Jews were" - diff --git a/act/23/28.md b/act/23/28.md index 7c1f5d4bd5..04da0abac5 100644 --- a/act/23/28.md +++ b/act/23/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here the word "I" refers to Claudius Lysias, the chief captain. The word "they" refers to the Jews who accused Paul. The word "him" refers to Paul. - diff --git a/act/23/29.md b/act/23/29.md index 0d68c8db7d..6f0aea73cb 100644 --- a/act/23/29.md +++ b/act/23/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that they were accusi # but that there was no accusation against him that deserved death or imprisonment The abstract nouns "accusation," "death," and "imprisonment" can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "but nobody accused him of anything that should cause Roman authorities to kill him or to send him to prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/23/30.md b/act/23/30.md index 866880699a..3525f81121 100644 --- a/act/23/30.md +++ b/act/23/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then someone told me" # sent him to you Here "you" refers to Governor Felix. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/act/23/31.md b/act/23/31.md index 19ca2057d5..6f17854d59 100644 --- a/act/23/31.md +++ b/act/23/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "brought" can be translated as "took." Alternate translation: "They got Pau # Antipatris Antipatris was a city built by Herod in honor of his father, Antipater. It stood at a site located today in central Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/23/32.md b/act/23/32.md index 860e3abe74..1ac8648625 100644 --- a/act/23/32.md +++ b/act/23/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to go with him Here "him" refers to Paul. - diff --git a/act/23/33.md b/act/23/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/23/33.md +++ b/act/23/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/23/34.md b/act/23/34.md index a184325512..071ae177ea 100644 --- a/act/23/34.md +++ b/act/23/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # he asked what province Paul was from. When he learned that he was from Cilicia This can be stated with direct quotations. Alternate translation: "he asked Paul, 'What province are you from?' Paul said, 'I am from Cilicia.' When the governor learned this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) @@ -6,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated with direct quotations. Alternate translation: "he asked Paul # When he learned that he "When the governor learned that Paul" - diff --git a/act/23/35.md b/act/23/35.md index 6aa3d05206..229c770bf5 100644 --- a/act/23/35.md +++ b/act/23/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he commanded him to be kept This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he commanded soldiers to keep him" or "commanded soldiers to restrain him" - diff --git a/act/23/intro.md b/act/23/intro.md index e8bd265628..304d45c7a8 100644 --- a/act/23/intro.md +++ b/act/23/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,26 @@ # Acts 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted material in 23:5. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Resurrection of the dead +### Resurrection of the dead The Pharisees believed that after people died, they would become alive again and God would either reward them or punish them. The Sadducees believed that once people died, they stayed dead and would never become alive again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/raise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]]) -#### "Called a curse" +### "Called a curse" Some Jews promised God that they would not eat or drink until they killed Paul, and they asked God to punish them if they did not do what they had promised to do. -#### Roman citizenship +### Roman citizenship The Romans thought that they needed to treat only Roman citizens justly. They could do as they desired with people who were not Roman citizens, but they had to obey the law with other Romans. Some people were born Roman citizens, and others gave money to the Roman government so they could become Roman citizens. The "chief captain" could have been punished for treating a Roman citizen the same way he would treat a non-citizen. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Whitewashed +### Whitewashed This is a metaphor in scripture describing someone who appears to be good or clean or righteous when that person is evil or unclean or unrighteous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This is a metaphor in scripture describing someone who appears to be good or cle * __[Acts 23:1](../../act/23/01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/24/01.md b/act/24/01.md index cc282725a5..564f4b31cb 100644 --- a/act/24/01.md +++ b/act/24/01.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # brought charges against Paul "began to argue the case before the governor that Paul had broken the law." - diff --git a/act/24/02.md b/act/24/02.md index a86914b17a..9268ca2f61 100644 --- a/act/24/02.md +++ b/act/24/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "we" refers to the citizens under Felix. Alternate translation: "we, the pe # and your foresight brings good reform to our nation "and your planning has greatly improved our nation" - diff --git a/act/24/03.md b/act/24/03.md index 2b1d4d9e37..0948f65df4 100644 --- a/act/24/03.md +++ b/act/24/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "thankfulness" is an abstract noun. It can be stated as an adjective or # most excellent Felix "Governor Felix, who deserves greatest honor." Felix was the roman governor over the whole region. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 23:25](../23/25.md). - diff --git a/act/24/04.md b/act/24/04.md index d6e31a970a..3bd8570f15 100644 --- a/act/24/04.md +++ b/act/24/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "so that I will not take up too much of your time" or 2 # in your kindness to hear us briefly "to be kind and listen to the short speech I am giving to state these men's case" - diff --git a/act/24/05.md b/act/24/05.md index 53bac2df83..4cad55658e 100644 --- a/act/24/05.md +++ b/act/24/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "Nazarene sect" is another name for the Christians. Alternate transla # sect This is a smaller group of people within a larger group group. Tertullus considers the Christians to be a small group within Judaism. - diff --git a/act/24/06.md b/act/24/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/24/06.md +++ b/act/24/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/24/07.md b/act/24/07.md index e2b4a0cbfb..4b0fce8e14 100644 --- a/act/24/07.md +++ b/act/24/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here the word "you" is singular and refers to Governor Felix. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/act/24/08.md b/act/24/08.md index 7e2cc6cdcd..1f317db242 100644 --- a/act/24/08.md +++ b/act/24/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Tertullus finishes presenting the charges against Paul before Governor Felix. # to learn about all the things of which we are accusing him "to learn whether or not these charges that we bring against him are true" or "to learn whether or not he is guilty of the things we accuse him of" - diff --git a/act/24/09.md b/act/24/09.md index d99fc6b846..248e961376 100644 --- a/act/24/09.md +++ b/act/24/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Jews This refers to the Jewish leaders who were there at Paul's trial. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/24/10.md b/act/24/10.md index 4bbc79da60..fcc2eca4e4 100644 --- a/act/24/10.md +++ b/act/24/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "nation" refers to the people of the Jewish nation. Alternate translation: # explain myself "explain my situation" - diff --git a/act/24/11.md b/act/24/11.md index a85e9d117c..fb0850157a 100644 --- a/act/24/11.md +++ b/act/24/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twelve days since "12 days since" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/act/24/12.md b/act/24/12.md index f8a0ff993e..f8ba8ae470 100644 --- a/act/24/12.md +++ b/act/24/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to the Jews who were accusing Paul. # I did not stir up a crowd "Stir up" here is a metaphor for agitating people into unrest, just as stirring a liquid agitates it. Alternate translation: "I did not cause a crowd to riot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/24/13.md b/act/24/13.md index c59d1a64c5..2fa4b7943d 100644 --- a/act/24/13.md +++ b/act/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the accusations "the blames for wrongdoings" or "the charges for crimes" - diff --git a/act/24/14.md b/act/24/14.md index 9208d74162..5c3bc63db7 100644 --- a/act/24/14.md +++ b/act/24/14.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ This is a smaller group of people within a larger group. Christianity was origin # the law -Paul is referring to the law of Moses. \ No newline at end of file +Paul is referring to the law of Moses. diff --git a/act/24/15.md b/act/24/15.md index acf22ed286..ddf8ae0736 100644 --- a/act/24/15.md +++ b/act/24/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "resurrection" can be stated with the verb "resurrect." Altern # the righteous and the wicked These nominal adjectives refer to righteous people and wicked people. Alternate translation: "righteous people and wicked people" or "those who have done what is right and those who have done what is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/act/24/16.md b/act/24/16.md index 13618db9ea..57296c0b59 100644 --- a/act/24/16.md +++ b/act/24/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "conscience" refers to a person's inner morality that chooses between right # before God "in the presence of God" - diff --git a/act/24/17.md b/act/24/17.md index 1cade6fb0c..0dcb64fd38 100644 --- a/act/24/17.md +++ b/act/24/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word marks a shift in Paul's argument. Here he explains the situation in Je # I came to give alms to my nation and present sacrifices Here "I came" can be translated as "I went." Alternate translation: "I went to help my people by bringing them money as a gift; I also went to present sacrifices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/act/24/18.md b/act/24/18.md index 9683707154..cd4e4a3412 100644 --- a/act/24/18.md +++ b/act/24/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the temple, not with a crowd or an uproar This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "in the temple. I had not gathered a crowd nor was I trying to start a riot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/24/19.md b/act/24/19.md index c55e46f208..4b0c4df2ca 100644 --- a/act/24/19.md +++ b/act/24/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if they have anything "if they have anything to say" - diff --git a/act/24/20.md b/act/24/20.md index d94ee888db..4842daf6e2 100644 --- a/act/24/20.md +++ b/act/24/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the members of the council who were present in Jerusalem at Paul' # should say what wrong they found in me "should say the wrong thing I did that they were able to prove" - diff --git a/act/24/21.md b/act/24/21.md index 6d5e0b2ab7..d16b807a27 100644 --- a/act/24/21.md +++ b/act/24/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "resurrection" can be stated as "God brings back to life." Alt # I am on trial before you today This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you are judging me today" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/24/22.md b/act/24/22.md index 4d85858817..792dafa21e 100644 --- a/act/24/22.md +++ b/act/24/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jerusalem was higher than Caesarea so it was normal to speak of coming down from # I will decide your case "I will make a decision concerning these accusations against you" or "I will judge whether you are guilty" - diff --git a/act/24/23.md b/act/24/23.md index 4f2123c3de..5d477e1e75 100644 --- a/act/24/23.md +++ b/act/24/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to have some freedom "to have some freedom not otherwise granted to prisoners" - diff --git a/act/24/24.md b/act/24/24.md index f07118ea43..0d61f535f4 100644 --- a/act/24/24.md +++ b/act/24/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Drusilla his wife Drusilla is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/24/25.md b/act/24/25.md index 494339f4b5..1a28efc7c7 100644 --- a/act/24/25.md +++ b/act/24/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Felix may have felt conviction of his sins. # for now "for the present time" - diff --git a/act/24/26.md b/act/24/26.md index 4c7ab382b6..c09720554f 100644 --- a/act/24/26.md +++ b/act/24/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hope" means think that what one desires might happen. Sometimes p # so he often sent for him and spoke with him "so Felix often sent for Paul and spoke with Paul" - diff --git a/act/24/27.md b/act/24/27.md index 50d761b3bd..66276d44b0 100644 --- a/act/24/27.md +++ b/act/24/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the Jews" refers to the Jewish leaders. Alternate translation: "wanted the # he left Paul bound "he left Paul in prison" - diff --git a/act/24/intro.md b/act/24/intro.md index 0b181f7c34..334d668ef3 100644 --- a/act/24/intro.md +++ b/act/24/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Acts 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul told the governor that he had not done what the Jews were accusing him of doing and that the governor should not punish him for what he did do. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Respect +### Respect Both the Jewish leaders ([Acts 24:2-4](./02.md)) and Paul ([Acts 24:10](../../act/24/10.md)) began their speeches with words that show respect to the governor. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Governmental leaders +### Governmental leaders The words "governor," "commander," and "centurion" may be difficult to translate into some languages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The words "governor," "commander," and "centurion" may be difficult to translate * __[Acts 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/25/01.md b/act/25/01.md index c69e72c151..277c335747 100644 --- a/act/25/01.md +++ b/act/25/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Festus arrived in the area to begin his rule or 2) Fest # he went from Caesarea up to Jerusalem The phrase "went up" is used here because Jerusalem is higher in elevation than Caesarea. - diff --git a/act/25/02.md b/act/25/02.md index 2bf634787d..38820fff5f 100644 --- a/act/25/02.md +++ b/act/25/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The chief priests and the prominent Jews brought their charges against Paul This speaks about accusations as if they were an object that a person could bring to someone else. Alternate translation: "The chief priests and the important Jews accused Paul to Festus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/25/03.md b/act/25/03.md index a0e49a72c8..a322351b71 100644 --- a/act/25/03.md +++ b/act/25/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some versions translate this as "to have him summoned to Jerusalem." The word "h # for they were preparing an ambush to kill him along the way They were going to hide along the road and kill Paul as he was passing by, but Festus was not aware of this part of their plan. - diff --git a/act/25/04.md b/act/25/04.md index 493e9fad26..a1cf708846 100644 --- a/act/25/04.md +++ b/act/25/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Festus answered that Paul was being held in custody at Caesarea, and that he himself was going there soon. This can be stated as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "But Festus said, 'Paul is being held in custody in Caesarea, and I myself will soon return there.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/act/25/05.md b/act/25/05.md index e615da602b..1fc3ed9928 100644 --- a/act/25/05.md +++ b/act/25/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "he said" can be moved to the beginning of the sentence. Alternate tr # you should accuse him "you should accuse him of violating laws" or "you should bring charges against him" - diff --git a/act/25/06.md b/act/25/06.md index e1fea1a36b..898854e4e5 100644 --- a/act/25/06.md +++ b/act/25/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "judgment seat" refers to Festus' ruling as judge over Paul's trial. Altern # Paul to be brought to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his soldiers bring Paul to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/25/07.md b/act/25/07.md index db27a7cb7b..301a993e36 100644 --- a/act/25/07.md +++ b/act/25/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they brought many serious charges Charging a person with a crime is spoken of as if it were an object that a person could bring to court. Alternate translation: "they spoke against Paul many serious things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/25/08.md b/act/25/08.md index 492e5bac93..185f5ff868 100644 --- a/act/25/08.md +++ b/act/25/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # against the temple Paul says he did not break any rules about who could enter the Jerusalem temple. Alternate translation: "against the entry rules of the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/25/09.md b/act/25/09.md index 584dc8fdb9..2bd7e43748 100644 --- a/act/25/09.md +++ b/act/25/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jerusalem was higher geographically than Caesarea. It was common to speak of goi # and to be judged by me about these things there This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "where I will judge you with regard to these charges" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/25/10.md b/act/25/10.md index d883b42e6c..49fd15c365 100644 --- a/act/25/10.md +++ b/act/25/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I stand before the judgment seat of Caesar where I must be judged The "judgment seat" refers to Caesar's authority to judge Paul. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I ask to go before Caesar, so he can judge me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/25/11.md b/act/25/11.md index 81c28bffa4..29afaf8f71 100644 --- a/act/25/11.md +++ b/act/25/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Festus does not have the legal authority to hand Paul o # I appeal to Caesar "I ask to go before Caesar so he can judge me" - diff --git a/act/25/12.md b/act/25/12.md index 2c3e6307a1..01efcb932d 100644 --- a/act/25/12.md +++ b/act/25/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with the council This is not the Sanhedrin that is referred to as "council" throughout Acts. This is a political council in the Roman government. Alternate translation: "with his own government advisors" - diff --git a/act/25/13.md b/act/25/13.md index 111111f26c..e419028b5e 100644 --- a/act/25/13.md +++ b/act/25/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word marks the beginning of a new event in the story. # to pay an official visit to Festus "to visit Festus concerning official matters" - diff --git a/act/25/14.md b/act/25/14.md index ce25995911..3c834a41f8 100644 --- a/act/25/14.md +++ b/act/25/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # After they + "After King Agrippa and Bernice" # A certain man was left behind here by Felix as a prisoner @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When Felix left offic # Felix Felix was the Roman governor of the area and resided in Caesarea. See how you translated this name in [Acts 23:24](../23/24.md). - diff --git a/act/25/15.md b/act/25/15.md index 47dcc4845f..2c75f4286b 100644 --- a/act/25/15.md +++ b/act/25/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metaphor that means to accuse someone in court. Alternate translation: # they asked for a sentence of condemnation against him The abstract nouns "sentence" and "condemnation" can be expressed as verbs. The phrase "a sentence of condemnation" implies that they were requesting that Paul be executed. Alternate translation: "they asked me to sentence him to death" or "they asked me to condemn him to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/25/16.md b/act/25/16.md index 7f0ecc83aa..28476096d7 100644 --- a/act/25/16.md +++ b/act/25/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand over" represents sending someone to people who will punish or kill hi # before the accused had faced his accusers Here "faced his accusers" is an idiom that means to meet with the people who accuse him. Alternate translation: "before the person whom others have accused of a crime had met directly with those who accused him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/25/17.md b/act/25/17.md index 5ecc1684e3..3b9a6d2a71 100644 --- a/act/25/17.md +++ b/act/25/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "judgment seat" refers to Festus ruling over Paul's trial as judge. Alterna # I ordered the man to be brought in This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I ordered the soldiers to bring Paul before me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/25/18.md b/act/25/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/25/18.md +++ b/act/25/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/25/19.md b/act/25/19.md index 6270288ade..2eb5f6474a 100644 --- a/act/25/19.md +++ b/act/25/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their own religion Here "religion" means the belief system people have toward life and the supernatural. - diff --git a/act/25/20.md b/act/25/20.md index 36c338926b..b560f12086 100644 --- a/act/25/20.md +++ b/act/25/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to stand trial there about these charges To "stand trial" is an idiom meaning to speak to a judge so the judge can decide if a person is right or wrong. Alternate translation: "to go to trial about these charges" or "for a judge to decide if these charges against him are true or not" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/25/21.md b/act/25/21.md index 3ed2a230de..cba95c0472 100644 --- a/act/25/21.md +++ b/act/25/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But when Paul insiste # I ordered him to be held in custody This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I ordered the soldiers to keep him in custody" or "I told the soldiers to guard him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/25/22.md b/act/25/22.md index 4fc2cb11d1..95eb7444fe 100644 --- a/act/25/22.md +++ b/act/25/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # "Tomorrow," Festus said, "you will hear him." The phrase "Festus said" can be moved to the beginning of the sentence. Alternate translation: "Festus said, 'I will arrange for you to listen to Paul tomorrow.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-quotations]]) - diff --git a/act/25/23.md b/act/25/23.md index 6359b25ac5..32a4d9f809 100644 --- a/act/25/23.md +++ b/act/25/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a large room where people gathered for ceremonies, trials, and other ev # Paul was brought to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the soldiers brought Paul to appear before them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/25/24.md b/act/25/24.md index 9d2c7a47c5..f4a2625391 100644 --- a/act/25/24.md +++ b/act/25/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "all" is an exaggeration used to emphasize that a great number of Jews # he should no longer live This statement is made in the negative to emphasize the positive equivalent. Alternate translation: "he should die immediately" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/act/25/25.md b/act/25/25.md index ce4777ecca..7d1369aab6 100644 --- a/act/25/25.md +++ b/act/25/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the emperor The emperor was the ruler of the Roman empire. He ruled over many countries and provinces. - diff --git a/act/25/26.md b/act/25/26.md index 1f94ac39b5..00743611de 100644 --- a/act/25/26.md +++ b/act/25/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the first "you" is plural and refers to all the men to whom Festus is speak # so that I might have something more to write "so that I will have something else to write" or "so that I will know what I should write" - diff --git a/act/25/27.md b/act/25/27.md index 861608b1e1..399d93928a 100644 --- a/act/25/27.md +++ b/act/25/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The negative words "unreasonable" and "to not ... state" can be stated in positi # the charges against him Possible meanings are 1) the accusations that the Jewish leaders have brought against him or 2) the charges under Roman law that apply to Paul's case. - diff --git a/act/25/intro.md b/act/25/intro.md index e7f7033f7c..ae979c2216 100644 --- a/act/25/intro.md +++ b/act/25/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Acts 25 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Favor +### Favor This word is used in two different ways in this chapter. When the Jewish leaders asked Festus for a favor, they were asking him to do something special for them on that day. They wanted him to do for them something that he would not usually do. When Festus "wanted to gain the favor of the Jews," he wanted them to like him and be willing to obey him in the months and years to come. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) -#### Roman citizenship +### Roman citizenship The Romans thought that they needed to treat only Roman citizens justly. They could do as they desired with people who were not Roman citizens, but they had to obey the law with other Romans. Some people were born Roman citizens, and others gave money to the Roman government so they could become Roman citizens. Roman officials could have been punished for treating a Roman citizen the same way they would treat a non-citizen. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The Romans thought that they needed to treat only Roman citizens justly. They co * __[Acts 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/26/01.md b/act/26/01.md index d48a488ce6..30e6932cdd 100644 --- a/act/26/01.md +++ b/act/26/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Agrippa was the current reigning king in Palestine, though he ruled over only a # made his defense The abstract noun "defense" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "began to defend himself against those who were accusing him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/26/02.md b/act/26/02.md index 9ec02617ca..42b7a94bf7 100644 --- a/act/26/02.md +++ b/act/26/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "accusations" can be stated as the verb "accuse." Alternate tr # the Jews This does not mean all the Jews. Alternate translation: "the Jewish leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/26/03.md b/act/26/03.md index 236e2407f4..4bed69b422 100644 --- a/act/26/03.md +++ b/act/26/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # questions You can make explicit what kinds of questions this means. Alternate translation: "questions about religious matters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/26/04.md b/act/26/04.md index e4a9f15fc8..1fa0ba3341 100644 --- a/act/26/04.md +++ b/act/26/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a generalization. Possible meanings are 1) Jews in general who knew abou # in my own nation Possible meanings are 1) among his own people, not necessarily in the geographical land of Israel or 2) in the land of Israel. - diff --git a/act/26/05.md b/act/26/05.md index 14d7cfb345..1fa279d9aa 100644 --- a/act/26/05.md +++ b/act/26/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the strictest party of our religion "a group within Judaism that lives by very strict rules" - diff --git a/act/26/06.md b/act/26/06.md index 067d0eb200..de8425fd4a 100644 --- a/act/26/06.md +++ b/act/26/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hope" is a person's confident expectation that what he desires re # because of my hope in the promise made by God to our fathers Hope in a promise is the expectation that the promise will be fulfilled. Alternate translation "because of my hope that God will do what he promised our forefathers he would do" or "because I confidently wait for God to do what he promised our forefather he would do" - diff --git a/act/26/07.md b/act/26/07.md index ab2a0d9538..7c041882b3 100644 --- a/act/26/07.md +++ b/act/26/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul is addressing King Agrippa by his title, not by his name. Your language may # that the Jews This does not mean all the Jews. Alternate translation: "that the leaders of the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/26/08.md b/act/26/08.md index 9c1f7418d8..8a66e8389e 100644 --- a/act/26/08.md +++ b/act/26/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses a question to challenge the Jews there. They believe that God can rais # raises the dead Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: "makes dead people come alive again" - diff --git a/act/26/09.md b/act/26/09.md index dd83da4a51..ef7d1feb03 100644 --- a/act/26/09.md +++ b/act/26/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses this phrase to mark another shift in his defense. He is now beginning # against the name of Jesus The word "name" here stands for the teaching about the person. Alternate translation: "to stop people from teaching about Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/26/10.md b/act/26/10.md index 872eda63a4..72add14454 100644 --- a/act/26/10.md +++ b/act/26/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when they were killed, I cast my vote against them The phrase "were killed" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I voted in agreement with the other Jewish leaders to condemn believers to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/26/11.md b/act/26/11.md index c87aabf715..6783864a69 100644 --- a/act/26/11.md +++ b/act/26/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I punished them many times Possible meanings are 1) Paul punished some believers many times or 2) Paul punished many different believers. - diff --git a/act/26/12.md b/act/26/12.md index e4b434d709..7f92b89e5f 100644 --- a/act/26/12.md +++ b/act/26/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word is used to mark two events that are happening at the same time. In thi # with authority and orders Paul had letters from the Jewish leaders granting him authority to persecute the Jewish believers. - diff --git a/act/26/13.md b/act/26/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/26/13.md +++ b/act/26/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/26/14.md b/act/26/14.md index bc46483119..77f217312c 100644 --- a/act/26/14.md +++ b/act/26/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a rhetorical question. The speaker is alerting Saul to what Saul is doin # It is hard for you to kick a goad For Paul to resist Jesus and to persecute believers is spoken of as if he were an ox kicking at the sharp stick that a person uses to prod (or "goad") the animal. It means that Paul is only harming himself. Alternate translation: "You will only harm yourself like an ox kicking a goad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/26/15.md b/act/26/15.md index 1b9d3cdc6c..8db862090d 100644 --- a/act/26/15.md +++ b/act/26/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Paul continues giving his defense to King Agrippa, quoting his conversation with the Lord. - diff --git a/act/26/16.md b/act/26/16.md index 1b9d3cdc6c..8db862090d 100644 --- a/act/26/16.md +++ b/act/26/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Paul continues giving his defense to King Agrippa, quoting his conversation with the Lord. - diff --git a/act/26/17.md b/act/26/17.md index 1b9d3cdc6c..8db862090d 100644 --- a/act/26/17.md +++ b/act/26/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Paul continues giving his defense to King Agrippa, quoting his conversation with the Lord. - diff --git a/act/26/18.md b/act/26/18.md index 0513aa76cc..2ef2822f10 100644 --- a/act/26/18.md +++ b/act/26/18.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Jesus choosing some people to belong to him is spoken of as if he literally set # by faith in me "because they believe in me." Here Paul finishes quoting the Lord. - diff --git a/act/26/19.md b/act/26/19.md index dc83a73c8a..a1502de3a3 100644 --- a/act/26/19.md +++ b/act/26/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I obeyed" (See: [[r # the heavenly vision This refers to what the person in the vision told Paul. Alternate translation: "what the person from heaven told me in the vision" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/26/20.md b/act/26/20.md index 937003273a..0a415e2f81 100644 --- a/act/26/20.md +++ b/act/26/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To start trusting God is spoken of as if a person turns to start walking toward # doing deeds worthy of repentance The abstract noun "repentance" can be stated as the verb "repented." Alternate translation: "and start doing good deeds to show they truly have repented" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/26/21.md b/act/26/21.md index e621e7d6f5..20b6c877b8 100644 --- a/act/26/21.md +++ b/act/26/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Jews This does not mean all of the Jews. Alternate translation: "some Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/act/26/22.md b/act/26/22.md index ec37a5d2f3..bbdcb66dd2 100644 --- a/act/26/22.md +++ b/act/26/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "about the exact thi # what the prophets Paul is referring to the collective writings of the Old Testament prophets. - diff --git a/act/26/23.md b/act/26/23.md index 730fd4f489..3c267e1113 100644 --- a/act/26/23.md +++ b/act/26/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "the dead" refers to the spirits of people who have died. To rise fro # he would proclaim light "he would proclaim the message about the light." To tell people about how God saves people is spoken of as if a person were speaking about the light. Alternate translation: "he would proclaim the message about how God saves people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/26/24.md b/act/26/24.md index 879efef74a..824535a522 100644 --- a/act/26/24.md +++ b/act/26/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul and King Agrippa continue to talk together. # your great learning makes you insane "you have learned so much that you are now crazy" - diff --git a/act/26/25.md b/act/26/25.md index 279588f5ca..003568a3ab 100644 --- a/act/26/25.md +++ b/act/26/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I am sane ... and" # most excellent Festus "Festus, who deserves highest honors" - diff --git a/act/26/26.md b/act/26/26.md index 9dc81fcac9..a86f4b80ca 100644 --- a/act/26/26.md +++ b/act/26/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "has not happened in a # in a corner This means doing something in secret as if a person went and did something in the corner of a room where no one can see him. Alternate translation: "in a dark place" or "in secret" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/26/27.md b/act/26/27.md index e0ce6c830f..037dee477b 100644 --- a/act/26/27.md +++ b/act/26/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you believe the prophets, King Agrippa? Paul asks this question to remind Agrippa that Agrippa already believes what the prophets said about Jesus. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "You already believe what the Jewish prophets said, King Agrippa." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/26/28.md b/act/26/28.md index fb949c66a7..398088ec95 100644 --- a/act/26/28.md +++ b/act/26/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In a short time would you persuade me and make me a Christian? Agrippa asks this question to show Paul that he cannot convince Agrippa so easily without more proof. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "Surely you do not think you can convince me so easily to believe in Jesus!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/act/26/29.md b/act/26/29.md index 53889982c2..09efe8b569 100644 --- a/act/26/29.md +++ b/act/26/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but without these prison chains Here "prison chains" stands for being a prisoner. Alternate translation: "but, of course, I do not want you to be a prisoner, as I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/26/30.md b/act/26/30.md index bea31005d9..d2ee877736 100644 --- a/act/26/30.md +++ b/act/26/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This ends Paul's time before King Agrippa. # Then the king stood up, and the governor "Then King Agrippa stood up, and Governor Festus" - diff --git a/act/26/31.md b/act/26/31.md index f43c2b57f5..9979086de0 100644 --- a/act/26/31.md +++ b/act/26/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a large room for ceremonies, trials, and other events. # This man does nothing worthy of death or of bonds The abstract noun "death" can be stated as the verb "die." Here "bonds" stands for being in prison. Alternate translation: "This man does not deserve to die or to be in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/26/32.md b/act/26/32.md index 89ea289e3a..ab1f1462c9 100644 --- a/act/26/32.md +++ b/act/26/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This man could have been freed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This man could have gone free" or "I could have freed this man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/26/intro.md b/act/26/intro.md index 439c82c0b3..1f9048afa2 100644 --- a/act/26/intro.md +++ b/act/26/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Acts 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is the third account of Paul's conversion in the book of Acts. Because this is such an important event in the early church, there are three accounts of Paul's conversion. (See: [Acts 9](../09/01.md) and [Acts 22](../22/01.md)) Paul told the King Agrippa why he had done what he had done and that the governor should not punish him for that. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Light and darkness +### Light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases * __[Acts 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/27/01.md b/act/27/01.md index a1a73bd780..edb8030b69 100644 --- a/act/27/01.md +++ b/act/27/01.md @@ -32,4 +32,4 @@ Some versions translate the word Augustan as "Imperial" or "emperor's." (See: [[ # company of soldiers -This was a group of about 1,00 soldiers. See how you translated this in [Acts 21:31](../21/31.md). \ No newline at end of file +This was a group of about 1,00 soldiers. See how you translated this in [Acts 21:31](../21/31.md). diff --git a/act/27/02.md b/act/27/02.md index b6b6e14150..a6bc156275 100644 --- a/act/27/02.md +++ b/act/27/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) a ship that had come from Adramyttium or 2) a ship that # Aristarchus Aristarchus came from Macedonia but had been working with Paul in Ephesus. See how you translated his name in [Acts 19:29](../19/29.md). - diff --git a/act/27/03.md b/act/27/03.md index c6819fd192..ff61dd5ba5 100644 --- a/act/27/03.md +++ b/act/27/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "we" refers to the writer, Paul, and those traveling with them, bu # go to his friends to receive their care The abstract noun "care" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "go to his friends so they could care for him" or "go to his friends so they could help him with whatever he needed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/act/27/04.md b/act/27/04.md index 1a2ed2b7a3..52d9f33ee3 100644 --- a/act/27/04.md +++ b/act/27/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # sailed under the lee of Cyprus, close to the island "the lee of Cyprus" is the side of that island that blocks the strong wind, so sailing vessels are not forced off their course. - diff --git a/act/27/05.md b/act/27/05.md index 57428090d6..556279a51c 100644 --- a/act/27/05.md +++ b/act/27/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make explicit that they got off of the ship in Myra. Alternate translati # a city of Lycia Lycia was a Roman province, located on the southwestern coast of modern-day Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/27/06.md b/act/27/06.md index 2707be5bba..868d4b719a 100644 --- a/act/27/06.md +++ b/act/27/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that a crew would sail the ship to Italy. Alternate translation: " # Alexandria This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/27/07.md b/act/27/07.md index 6a83787b20..521d911d00 100644 --- a/act/27/07.md +++ b/act/27/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an ancient settlement located in modern-day Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # opposite Salmone This is a coastal city in Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/27/08.md b/act/27/08.md index 3d501732c0..7726b2f6ab 100644 --- a/act/27/08.md +++ b/act/27/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a port near Lasea, located on the south coast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en # near the city of Lasea This is a coastal city in Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/27/09.md b/act/27/09.md index 17bb1f6dda..3c31507cd4 100644 --- a/act/27/09.md +++ b/act/27/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer includes himself, Paul, and those who were traveling with them, but n # the time of the Jewish fast also had passed, and it had now become dangerous to sail This fast took place on the Day of Atonement, which was usually either in the last part of September or the first part of October according to Western calendars. After this time, there was a higher risk of seasonal storms. - diff --git a/act/27/10.md b/act/27/10.md index 4fc8f65b4d..a14d48b5d5 100644 --- a/act/27/10.md +++ b/act/27/10.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ # with injury -If your language has a word for "injury" that results from wrongdoing, you may want to use it here. +If your language has a word for "injury" that results from wrongdoing, you may want to use it here. # we are about to take ... our lives @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "loss" means destruction when referring to things and death when referring # not only of the cargo and the ship Cargo is something that a person transports from one place to another by boat. Alternate translation: "not only the ship and the goods on the ship" - diff --git a/act/27/11.md b/act/27/11.md index ced587496a..66c6ee05cc 100644 --- a/act/27/11.md +++ b/act/27/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that were spoken by Paul This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Paul said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/27/12.md b/act/27/12.md index 656f994ca8..e2ec9b66ff 100644 --- a/act/27/12.md +++ b/act/27/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "faces northwest and southwest" means the opening of the harbor was toward # southwest and northwest These directions are based on what one sees as one faces the setting sun. Northwest is a little to the right of the setting sun, and southwest is a little to the left of the setting sun. - diff --git a/act/27/13.md b/act/27/13.md index d6481691a0..d7f5cf2070 100644 --- a/act/27/13.md +++ b/act/27/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # weighed anchor Here "weighed" means "pulled out of the water." An anchor is a heavy object attached to a rope that is secured to the boat. The anchor is tossed into the water and sinks to the bottom of the sea to keep the ship from drifting about. - diff --git a/act/27/14.md b/act/27/14.md index 7290bd5948..84c9f4e54c 100644 --- a/act/27/14.md +++ b/act/27/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul and those traveling on the boat encounter a fierce storm. # began to beat down from the island "came in from the island of Crete, and it blew strongly against our ship" - diff --git a/act/27/15.md b/act/27/15.md index ee80ee472f..534d6313eb 100644 --- a/act/27/15.md +++ b/act/27/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we had to give way to the storm and were driven along by the wind This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we stopped trying to sail forward, and we let the wind push us whichever way it blew" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/27/16.md b/act/27/16.md index 75a73e9494..95c1c66af8 100644 --- a/act/27/16.md +++ b/act/27/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This island was located on the south coast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # lifeboat This was a smaller boat towed behind or secured onto a ship, used to take people and goods across water too shallow for the ship and also to escape from the ship if it sank. At this point the lifeboat was in the water being towed by the ship. - diff --git a/act/27/17.md b/act/27/17.md index 69d59d5f88..0ca57f2005 100644 --- a/act/27/17.md +++ b/act/27/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A sea anchor is something that is towed in the water behind a ship to slow the s # were driven along This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "had to go in whatever direction the wind blew us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/27/18.md b/act/27/18.md index 21986e04b0..dbaad0fa42 100644 --- a/act/27/18.md +++ b/act/27/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the sailors. This is done to lighten the weight of the # cargo Cargo is something that a person transports from one place to another by boat. See how you translated this in [Acts 27:10](../27/10.md). Alternate translation: "goods on the ship" - diff --git a/act/27/19.md b/act/27/19.md index 12370b3f88..2298424b17 100644 --- a/act/27/19.md +++ b/act/27/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sailors threw overboard the ship's equipment with their own hands Here "equipment" refers to the sailors' equipment needed to sail the ship: tackle, hoists, beams of wood, block and tackle, ropes, lines, sails, and the like. This indicates how desperate the situation was. - diff --git a/act/27/20.md b/act/27/20.md index 4e570d4ada..0a8d6aac31 100644 --- a/act/27/20.md +++ b/act/27/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "hope" is a person's thought that what he desires might happen. He # be saved "be rescued." Since there is no mention of the people praying for God to save them, this might simply have the sense of "survive." - diff --git a/act/27/21.md b/act/27/21.md index cac90b5b3e..e5c2e3ff18 100644 --- a/act/27/21.md +++ b/act/27/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "they" refers to the sailors. It is implied that Luke, Paul, and those with # so as to get this injury and loss "and as a result suffer this harm and loss" - diff --git a/act/27/22.md b/act/27/22.md index 884fd18f08..9e52e04ba1 100644 --- a/act/27/22.md +++ b/act/27/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there will be no loss of life among you, but only the loss of the ship Paul is speaking to the sailors. It is implied that Paul also means that he and those with him will not die either. Alternate translation: "none of us will die: the storm will destroy only the ship" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/27/23.md b/act/27/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/27/23.md +++ b/act/27/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/27/24.md b/act/27/24.md index 280254a21f..31db3f4a09 100644 --- a/act/27/24.md +++ b/act/27/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "stand before Caesar" refers to Paul's going to court and letting Cae # has given to you all those who are sailing with you "has decided to allow all those who are sailing with you to live" - diff --git a/act/27/25.md b/act/27/25.md index 7c881c8fa7..7b23d01200 100644 --- a/act/27/25.md +++ b/act/27/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # just as it was told to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "just as the angel told me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/27/26.md b/act/27/26.md index 46b5a48fdd..fcc4412f08 100644 --- a/act/27/26.md +++ b/act/27/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we must run aground upon some island "we must steer our boat so that it wrecks on some island" - diff --git a/act/27/27.md b/act/27/27.md index 4488ac9c5b..a1223e7b33 100644 --- a/act/27/27.md +++ b/act/27/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as the wind blew us b # the Adriatic Sea This is the sea between Italy and Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/27/28.md b/act/27/28.md index 7f00914fea..67f1a98f45 100644 --- a/act/27/28.md +++ b/act/27/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # found fifteen fathoms "found 15 fathoms." A "fathom" is a unit of measurement for measuring the depth of water. One fathom is about two meters. Alternate translation: "found 30 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/act/27/29.md b/act/27/29.md index 043f2eabb8..66551530f2 100644 --- a/act/27/29.md +++ b/act/27/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An anchor is a heavy object attached to a rope that is secured to the boat. The # from the stern "from the back of the ship" - diff --git a/act/27/30.md b/act/27/30.md index 15eb32533a..28e3786c16 100644 --- a/act/27/30.md +++ b/act/27/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a smaller boat towed behind or secured onto a ship, used to take people # from the bow "from the front of the ship" - diff --git a/act/27/31.md b/act/27/31.md index 42c26a8671..785322c400 100644 --- a/act/27/31.md +++ b/act/27/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "you" is plural and refers to the centurion and the Roman soldiers # Unless these men stay in the ship, you cannot be saved Paul meant that if those men left the ship, then no one on the ship would be saved. This can be stated positively, and the passive phrase "be saved" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You can be saved only if these men stay in the ship" or "Only if these men stay in the ship will you survive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/27/32.md b/act/27/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/27/32.md +++ b/act/27/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/27/33.md b/act/27/33.md index 3f7ab8d63a..1b20cd172f 100644 --- a/act/27/33.md +++ b/act/27/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # This day is the fourteenth day that The ordinal number "fourteenth" can be stated as "fourteen." Alternate translation: "For 14 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/act/27/34.md b/act/27/34.md index e9dc6ec5d6..fb90118d8a 100644 --- a/act/27/34.md +++ b/act/27/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not one of you will lose a single hair from his head This was a customary way of saying no harm would come upon them. Alternate translation: "every one of you will survive this disaster unharmed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/act/27/35.md b/act/27/35.md index 22d115e80c..8d9915b982 100644 --- a/act/27/35.md +++ b/act/27/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # broke the bread "tore the bread" or "tore off a piece from the loaf of bread" - diff --git a/act/27/36.md b/act/27/36.md index 73837d6398..b9414810fc 100644 --- a/act/27/36.md +++ b/act/27/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then they were all encouraged This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This encouraged all of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/27/37.md b/act/27/37.md index 158cb817c9..b6a2351f40 100644 --- a/act/27/37.md +++ b/act/27/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # souls This is a metonym for the people themselves. Alternate translation: "people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/27/38.md b/act/27/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/27/38.md +++ b/act/27/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/27/39.md b/act/27/39.md index 55e3a05086..6f873831e1 100644 --- a/act/27/39.md +++ b/act/27/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a large area of water partly surrounded by land # did not recognize the land "saw land but could not recognize it as any place they knew" - diff --git a/act/27/40.md b/act/27/40.md index 8e703ae165..2e07a74c5a 100644 --- a/act/27/40.md +++ b/act/27/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ large oars or pieces of wood at the back of the ship used for steering # they headed to the beach "they steered the ship toward the beach" - diff --git a/act/27/41.md b/act/27/41.md index 7b483b371a..9af7c22336 100644 --- a/act/27/41.md +++ b/act/27/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the front end of the ship # the stern "the back end of the ship" - diff --git a/act/27/42.md b/act/27/42.md index 72628de26a..2ac234b398 100644 --- a/act/27/42.md +++ b/act/27/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The soldiers' plan was "The soldiers were planning" - diff --git a/act/27/43.md b/act/27/43.md index 1a3c2bc256..d6a30e2385 100644 --- a/act/27/43.md +++ b/act/27/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # jump overboard "jump off the ship into the water" - diff --git a/act/27/44.md b/act/27/44.md index a57546321e..616c317742 100644 --- a/act/27/44.md +++ b/act/27/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # some on planks "some on wooden boards" - diff --git a/act/27/intro.md b/act/27/intro.md index c1c6a624c8..94fad44a3e 100644 --- a/act/27/intro.md +++ b/act/27/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,21 @@ # Acts 27 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Sailing +### Sailing People who lived near the sea traveled by boat powered by the wind. During some months of the year, the wind would blow in the wrong direction or so hard that sailing was impossible. -#### Trust +### Trust Paul trusted God to bring him safely to land. He told the sailers and soldiers to trust that God would also keep them alive. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -#### Paul breaks bread +### Paul breaks bread -Luke uses almost the same words here to describe Paul taking bread, thanking God, breaking it, and eating it that he used to describe the last supper Jesus ate with his disciples. However, your translation should not make your reader think that Paul was leading a religious celebration here. +Luke uses almost the same words here to describe Paul taking bread, thanking God, breaking it, and eating it that he used to describe the last supper Jesus ate with his disciples. However, your translation should not make your reader think that Paul was leading a religious celebration here. ## Links: * __[Acts 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/act/28/01.md b/act/28/01.md index d2ba9ca97c..b66c6f69bf 100644 --- a/act/28/01.md +++ b/act/28/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul and Luke learned the name of the island. Alternate translation: "we learned # the island was called Malta Malta is an island located south of the modern-day island of Sicily. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/28/02.md b/act/28/02.md index 7e036f28b4..4f3bdc1b96 100644 --- a/act/28/02.md +++ b/act/28/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase is used to emphasize the opposite of what is said. Alternate transla # welcomed us all Possible meanings are 1) "welcomed all of the people from the ship" or 2) "welcomed Paul and all his companions." - diff --git a/act/28/03.md b/act/28/03.md index c3f815eb98..a8c718956b 100644 --- a/act/28/03.md +++ b/act/28/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fastened onto his hand "bit Paul's hand and did not let go" - diff --git a/act/28/04.md b/act/28/04.md index 83c282b467..360cc78c6c 100644 --- a/act/28/04.md +++ b/act/28/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Justice "Justice" was the name of a goddess that the people on the island worshiped. Alternate translation: "the goddess called Justice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/act/28/05.md b/act/28/05.md index 9ce06343cb..8a0e5ed232 100644 --- a/act/28/05.md +++ b/act/28/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # suffered no harm "Paul was not hurt at all" - diff --git a/act/28/06.md b/act/28/06.md index a2a9cfd63a..5f4f1b81af 100644 --- a/act/28/06.md +++ b/act/28/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# waiting for him to swell up +# waiting for him to swell up They they that his body would swell because of the snake venom. @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To think differently about a situation is spoken of as if a person is changing h # said that he was a god. Perhaps the people believed that someone who lived after a poisonous snake bite was divine or a god. This can be stated as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "said, 'This man must be a god.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/act/28/07.md b/act/28/07.md index 8d1a7a8db8..18ffe60e99 100644 --- a/act/28/07.md +++ b/act/28/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "us" and we" refer to Paul, Luke, and those traveling with them, # chief man of the island Possible meanings are 1) the main leader of the people or 2) someone who was the most important person on the island, perhaps because of his wealth. - diff --git a/act/28/08.md b/act/28/08.md index 0e5570623d..99fa67f1d3 100644 --- a/act/28/08.md +++ b/act/28/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Dysentery is an infectious disease of the intestines. # placed his hands on him "touched him with his hands" - diff --git a/act/28/09.md b/act/28/09.md index 3f73ed89fb..07929335ce 100644 --- a/act/28/09.md +++ b/act/28/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he healed them too" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/28/10.md b/act/28/10.md index 0f8208b8ab..c33af68afd 100644 --- a/act/28/10.md +++ b/act/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # honored us with many honors Probably they honored Paul and those with him by giving them gifts. - diff --git a/act/28/11.md b/act/28/11.md index 2811f7fe99..49fc3010a5 100644 --- a/act/28/11.md +++ b/act/28/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are this refers to 1) a ship that came from Alexandria, or 2) # the twin gods On the bow of the ship, there was a carving of the two idols called "the twin gods." Their names were Castor and Pollux. - diff --git a/act/28/12.md b/act/28/12.md index 302f5b214c..d5f257d8f1 100644 --- a/act/28/12.md +++ b/act/28/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # city of Syracuse Syracuse is a city on the southeast coast of the modern-day island of Sicily, just southwest of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/28/13.md b/act/28/13.md index 00441b9644..7013c1d313 100644 --- a/act/28/13.md +++ b/act/28/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the port city located at the southwestern tip of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ # city of Puteoli Puteoli is located in modern-day Naples on the west coast of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/act/28/14.md b/act/28/14.md index dde6810c49..3b75afd117 100644 --- a/act/28/14.md +++ b/act/28/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they invited us" (See # In this way we came to Rome Once Paul reached Puteoli, the rest of the journey to Rome was on land. Alternate translation: "And after we stayed seven days with them, we went to Rome" - diff --git a/act/28/15.md b/act/28/15.md index cd0ff11e00..46647b567d 100644 --- a/act/28/15.md +++ b/act/28/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Market of Appius was a popular market village about 60 kilometers south of t # he thanked God and took courage Courage is spoken of as if it were an object that a person could take. Alternate translation: "this encouraged him, and he thanked God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/act/28/16.md b/act/28/16.md index 1669892921..b00e57db2f 100644 --- a/act/28/16.md +++ b/act/28/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul arrives in Rome as a prisoner but with the freedom to stay in his own place # When we entered Rome, Paul was allowed to This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After we had arrived in Rome, the Roman authorities gave Paul permission to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/28/17.md b/act/28/17.md index e7880c26b3..0950c7ce33 100644 --- a/act/28/17.md +++ b/act/28/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "some of the Jews arre # into the hands of the Romans Here "hands" stands for power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/28/18.md b/act/28/18.md index 1996f1a46e..25c7f6f6bc 100644 --- a/act/28/18.md +++ b/act/28/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there was no reason for the death penalty in my case "there was no reason for them to execute me" or "I had done nothing to cause them to kill me" - diff --git a/act/28/19.md b/act/28/19.md index ece4495a5a..79a591c336 100644 --- a/act/28/19.md +++ b/act/28/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I had to ask for Caes # although it is not as if I were bringing any accusation against my nation The abstract noun "accusation" can be stated as the verb "accuse." Here "nation" stands for the people. Alternate translation: "but it was not because I wanted to accuse the people of my nation before Caesar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/28/20.md b/act/28/20.md index 6b0f9050e8..07fda01700 100644 --- a/act/28/20.md +++ b/act/28/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Israel" stands for the people. Alternate translation: "the people of Israe # that I am now wearing this chain Here "wearing this chain" stands for being a prisoner. Alternate translation: "that I am a prisoner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/28/21.md b/act/28/21.md index 5444aad7e3..03a79a821d 100644 --- a/act/28/21.md +++ b/act/28/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Jewish leaders respond to Paul. # nor did any of the brothers Here "brothers" stands for fellow Jews. Alternate translation: "nor did any of our fellow Jews" - diff --git a/act/28/22.md b/act/28/22.md index d75124eed2..986edb614c 100644 --- a/act/28/22.md +++ b/act/28/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because we know" (See # it is spoken against everywhere This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "many Jews all over the Roman Empire are saying bad things about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/28/23.md b/act/28/23.md index 6c028163d8..60f926596c 100644 --- a/act/28/23.md +++ b/act/28/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "kingdom of God" stands for God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "tol # from the prophets Here "the prophets" refers to what they wrote. Alternate translation: "from what the prophets wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/28/24.md b/act/28/24.md index 1159fbc1ea..3cc5edf676 100644 --- a/act/28/24.md +++ b/act/28/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Some were convinced about the things which were said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Paul was able to convince some of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/act/28/25.md b/act/28/25.md index 55c9d196a1..f19205194b 100644 --- a/act/28/25.md +++ b/act/28/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "word" stands for a message or statement. Alternate translation: "after Pau # The Holy Spirit spoke well through Isaiah the prophet to your fathers. This sentence contains quotations within quotations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]]) - diff --git a/act/28/26.md b/act/28/26.md index 7197fb4ea6..4c161139e4 100644 --- a/act/28/26.md +++ b/act/28/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "hear" and "see" are repeated for emphasis. "You will listen carefully # but you will never understand ... but you will never know Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that the Jewish people will not understand God's plan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/act/28/27.md b/act/28/27.md index 454f5c5d75..3b92148a17 100644 --- a/act/28/27.md +++ b/act/28/27.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ To start obeying God is spoken of as though the person were physically turning t # I would heal them This does not mean God would only heal them physically. He would also heal them spiritually by forgiving their sins. - diff --git a/act/28/28.md b/act/28/28.md index 1535d25acd..75a002b63e 100644 --- a/act/28/28.md +++ b/act/28/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's message about how he saves people is spoken of as if it were an object tha # they will listen "some of them will listen." This response of the Gentiles is in contrast to the way the Jews of that time responded. - diff --git a/act/28/29.md b/act/28/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/28/29.md +++ b/act/28/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/28/30.md b/act/28/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/act/28/30.md +++ b/act/28/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/act/28/31.md b/act/28/31.md index 9d1e80efcc..ae70d39c6b 100644 --- a/act/28/31.md +++ b/act/28/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Luke ends the story of Paul in the book of Acts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writ # He was proclaiming the kingdom of God Here "kingdom of God" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "He was preaching about God's rule as king" or "He was preaching about how God will show himself as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/act/28/intro.md b/act/28/intro.md index 600a2534f8..57d4cf4d34 100644 --- a/act/28/intro.md +++ b/act/28/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,25 @@ # Acts 28 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting No one knows for sure why Luke ends his history without telling what happened to Paul after he had been in Rome for two years. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Letters" and "brothers" +### "Letters" and "brothers" The Jewish leaders were surprised that Paul wanted to speak with them, because they had received no letters from the high priest in Jerusalem telling them that Paul was coming. When the Jewish leaders spoke of "brothers," they were referring to fellow Jews, not to Christians. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "He was a god" +### "He was a god" -The native people believed that Paul was a god, but they did not believe that he was the one true God. We do not know why Paul did not tell the native people that he was not a god. +The native people believed that Paul was a god, but they did not believe that he was the one true God. We do not know why Paul did not tell the native people that he was not a god. ## Links: * __[Acts 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/act/front/intro.md b/act/front/intro.md index 1db2593a2f..b4b92daf87 100644 --- a/act/front/intro.md +++ b/act/front/intro.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ The Book of Acts tells the story of the early church as more and more people bec ### How should the title of this book be translated? -Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "The Acts of the Apostles." Or translators may choose a title that may be clearer, for example, "The Acts of the Holy Spirit through the Apostles." +Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "The Acts of the Apostles." Or translators may choose a title that may be clearer, for example, "The Acts of the Holy Spirit through the Apostles." ### Who wrote the Book of Acts? @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Luke was a medical doctor. His way of writing shows that he was an educated man. ### What is the Church? -The Church is the group of people who believe in Christ. The Church includes both Jewish and Gentile believers. The events in this book show God helping the Church. He empowered believers to live righteous lives through his Holy Spirit. +The Church is the group of people who believe in Christ. The Church includes both Jewish and Gentile believers. The events in this book show God helping the Church. He empowered believers to live righteous lives through his Holy Spirit. ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues @@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ These are the most significant textual issues in Acts: The following verses are found in older versions of the Bible, but they are not in the best ancient copies of the Bible. Some modern versions put the verses in square brackets ([]). The ULB puts them in footnotes. -* "Philip said, 'If you believe with all your heart, you may be baptized.' The Ethiopian answered, 'I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God'" (Acts 8:37). +* "Philip said, 'If you believe with all your heart, you may be baptized.' The Ethiopian answered, 'I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God'" (Acts 8:37). * "But it seemed good to Silas to remain there." (Acts 15:34) * "And we wanted to judge him according to our law. But Lysias, the officer, came and forcibly took him out of our hands, sending him to you." (Acts 24:6b-8a) * "When he had said these things, the Jews departed, having a great dispute among themselves." (Acts 28:29) In the following verses, it is uncertain what the original text said. Translators will need to choose which reading to translate. The ULB has the first readings but includes the second readings in footnotes. + * "They returned from Jerusalem" (Acts 12:25). Some translations read, "They returned to Jerusalem (or to there)." * "he put up with them" (Acts 13:18). Some translations read, "he cared for them." * "This is what the Lord says, who has done these things that have been known from ancient times." (Acts 15:17-18). Some older translations read, "This is what the Lord says, to whom are known all his deeds from ancient times." - -(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) +(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) diff --git a/amo/01/01.md b/amo/01/01.md index a2f00b180c..001db39eb0 100644 --- a/amo/01/01.md +++ b/amo/01/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "in the days of" is an idiom and refers to the time when each king rei # two years before the earthquake The assumed knowledge is that the original hearers would be aware of when a large earthquake had affected the area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/02.md b/amo/01/02.md index a2146e0ce8..dd78a47e6f 100644 --- a/amo/01/02.md +++ b/amo/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author speaks of the voice of Yahweh as if it sounded like the roar of a lio # Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. - diff --git a/amo/01/03.md b/amo/01/03.md index 271200eb90..480194d9bc 100644 --- a/amo/01/03.md +++ b/amo/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of how the people of Damascus treated the people of Gilead as if t # Gilead Here "Gilead" represents the people of the region of Gilead. Alternate translation: "the people of Gilead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/04.md b/amo/01/04.md index 8daaab095a..26ed12afb4 100644 --- a/amo/01/04.md +++ b/amo/01/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh's judgment is spoken of as if it were a fire that was consuming the # Hazael ... Ben-Hadad These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/05.md b/amo/01/05.md index ef7f0238a3..fe51f264a1 100644 --- a/amo/01/05.md +++ b/amo/01/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of a place that means "house of pleasure." Possible meanings ar # Kir This is the name of a region from which the people of Aram originally came. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/06.md b/amo/01/06.md index 0b7da6df82..b42753df22 100644 --- a/amo/01/06.md +++ b/amo/01/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh uses two negatives here to emphasize that he would punish them. See how y # Edom Here "Edom" represents the people of the country of Edom. Alternate translation: "the people of Edom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/07.md b/amo/01/07.md index f2868e5acb..fcea6d56ce 100644 --- a/amo/01/07.md +++ b/amo/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it will devour her fortresses Here Yahweh's judgment is spoken of as if it were a fire that was consuming the fortresses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/08.md b/amo/01/08.md index 08543359db..6e52693e24 100644 --- a/amo/01/08.md +++ b/amo/01/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power that he would use against Ekron. Alternate # Ekron Here "Ekron" represents the people of the city of Ekron. Alternate translation: "the people of Ekron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/09.md b/amo/01/09.md index 759b000b7e..bd43f70a9e 100644 --- a/amo/01/09.md +++ b/amo/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh uses two negatives here to emphasize that he would punish them. See how y # their covenant of brotherhood "the agreement they made to treat you as brothers" - diff --git a/amo/01/10.md b/amo/01/10.md index f2868e5acb..fcea6d56ce 100644 --- a/amo/01/10.md +++ b/amo/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it will devour her fortresses Here Yahweh's judgment is spoken of as if it were a fire that was consuming the fortresses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/11.md b/amo/01/11.md index 89933c154d..f268e72bda 100644 --- a/amo/01/11.md +++ b/amo/01/11.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The abstract noun "anger" can be translated using the adjective "angry." Here it # his wrath lasted forever The abstract noun "wrath" can be translated using the adjective "furious." This is an exaggeration that is meant to express the ongoing nature of his wrath. Alternate translation: "he was always furious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/12.md b/amo/01/12.md index c343f65de6..07fe4c2047 100644 --- a/amo/01/12.md +++ b/amo/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of places. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # it will devour the palaces of Bozrah Here Yahweh's judgment is spoken of as if it were a fire that was consuming the palaces. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/13.md b/amo/01/13.md index 3f93bbf6e6..788a0db1f9 100644 --- a/amo/01/13.md +++ b/amo/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses two negatives here to emphasize that he would punish them. See how y # enlarge their borders "extend their boundaries" or "expand their territory" - diff --git a/amo/01/14.md b/amo/01/14.md index 799fccf691..85b3282594 100644 --- a/amo/01/14.md +++ b/amo/01/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are two kinds of violent storms. # whirlwind a strong wind that spins very quickly as it moves and can cause damage - diff --git a/amo/01/15.md b/amo/01/15.md index 21f24e6310..150d343690 100644 --- a/amo/01/15.md +++ b/amo/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their king will go into captivity The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as the verb "capture." This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Their enemies will capture their king and take him away as a prisoner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/amo/01/intro.md b/amo/01/intro.md index a60b584651..51cd10f13d 100644 --- a/amo/01/intro.md +++ b/amo/01/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Amos 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This book is written in a poetic form. Because it was written by a farmer, it includes many references to agricultural concepts. +This book is written in a poetic form. Because it was written by a farmer, it includes many references to agricultural concepts. -#### "For three sins of Judah, even for four" -The phrase "For three sins of Judah, even for four," is used to begin each oracle. This is not intended to be a literal count but is an idiom indicating a large number of sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### "For three sins of Judah, even for four" + +The phrase "For three sins of Judah, even for four," is used to begin each oracle. This is not intended to be a literal count but is an idiom indicating a large number of sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +14,3 @@ The phrase "For three sins of Judah, even for four," is used to begin each oracl * __[Amos intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/amo/02/01.md b/amo/02/01.md index 80cfcf539f..6aa0aff518 100644 --- a/amo/02/01.md +++ b/amo/02/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Moab. Alternate translation: "the people of Moab burned # to lime "to ashes" - diff --git a/amo/02/02.md b/amo/02/02.md index 0b0b637128..57c913c723 100644 --- a/amo/02/02.md +++ b/amo/02/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Moab" represents the people of Moab. Alternate translation: "The people of # in an uproar An uproar is a very loud noise. - diff --git a/amo/02/03.md b/amo/02/03.md index a99130299a..907bbaf61b 100644 --- a/amo/02/03.md +++ b/amo/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the princes "all the officials" or "all the leaders" - diff --git a/amo/02/04.md b/amo/02/04.md index c904a4369d..f24f9331b6 100644 --- a/amo/02/04.md +++ b/amo/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This expression here probably refers to worshiping false gods or idols. Alternat # go astray ... walked Worshiping false gods is spoken of as if people were walking behind them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/05.md b/amo/02/05.md index 71524682ff..adccb97d77 100644 --- a/amo/02/05.md +++ b/amo/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it will devour the fortresses of Jerusalem Here Yahweh's judgment is spoken of as if it were a fire that was consuming the fortresses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/06.md b/amo/02/06.md index 511812c3a8..733c0a6e94 100644 --- a/amo/02/06.md +++ b/amo/02/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to innocent people in general. Alternate translation: "innocent peop # the needy This refers to needy people in general. Alternate translation: "needy people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/07.md b/amo/02/07.md index 7cd487d1c2..c62cfbb47a 100644 --- a/amo/02/07.md +++ b/amo/02/07.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This refers to oppressed people in general. Alternate translation: "oppressed pe # go to the same girl This is a polite way of talking about having sexual relations. Alternate translation: "have sexual relations with the same girl" or "lie with the same girl" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/08.md b/amo/02/08.md index 8822f5a9f0..760791f835 100644 --- a/amo/02/08.md +++ b/amo/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who have been forced to pay a fine This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom they forced to pay a penalty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/09.md b/amo/02/09.md index fee3097792..5e60aaa0a0 100644 --- a/amo/02/09.md +++ b/amo/02/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ oak trees # Yet I destroyed his fruit above and his roots below How Yahweh completely destroyed the Amorites is pictured as a tree being destroyed from top to bottom. Alternate translation: "Yet I destroyed them completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/10.md b/amo/02/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/amo/02/10.md +++ b/amo/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/amo/02/11.md b/amo/02/11.md index f5a1844ebe..2522e5d524 100644 --- a/amo/02/11.md +++ b/amo/02/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh asks this question to emphasize what he has said. This can be stated in a # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/12.md b/amo/02/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/amo/02/12.md +++ b/amo/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/amo/02/13.md b/amo/02/13.md index da5cb6f6e7..3318e80aca 100644 --- a/amo/02/13.md +++ b/amo/02/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This alerts the reader to pay attention to what follows. Alternate translation: # I will crush you as a cart that is full of grain can crush someone Yahweh compares his judgment on the people of Israel to crushing them with something very heavy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/14.md b/amo/02/14.md index aca50722d6..c1bf502bb9 100644 --- a/amo/02/14.md +++ b/amo/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) even people who usually can run fast will be unable to # the swift ... the strong ... the mighty These adjectives refer to people in general. Alternate translation: "Swift people ... strong people ... mighty people" or "The strong person ... the strong person ... the mighty person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/15.md b/amo/02/15.md index 49532a15b5..5a71b4be80 100644 --- a/amo/02/15.md +++ b/amo/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "stand" means to keep one's place in battle. # the fast runner will not escape The implied information is that the fast runner will not escape from his enemies. Alternate translation: "the fast runner will be captured" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/16.md b/amo/02/16.md index 1af69d321d..3afc5f5e92 100644 --- a/amo/02/16.md +++ b/amo/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a metonym for "run away without his weapons" or # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Amos 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/02/intro.md b/amo/02/intro.md index 2dc6fe4c9d..3be8b73fd2 100644 --- a/amo/02/intro.md +++ b/amo/02/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Amos 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter consists of oracles against Moab and Judah by using poetic language and imagery. But the UDB translates it using prose. If possible, translate this chapter as poetry, but you may translate as narrative. +This chapter consists of oracles against Moab and Judah by using poetic language and imagery. But the UDB translates it using prose. If possible, translate this chapter as poetry, but you may translate as narrative. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idiom -You will notice that the phrase "For three sins of Judah, even for four," is used to begin each of these oracles. This is not intended to be a literal count but is an idiom indicating a large number of sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### Idiom + +You will notice that the phrase "For three sins of Judah, even for four," is used to begin each of these oracles. This is not intended to be a literal count but is an idiom indicating a large number of sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: * __[Amos 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/amo/03/01.md b/amo/03/01.md index 79dd33f39d..e793eb01f3 100644 --- a/amo/03/01.md +++ b/amo/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases refer to the same group of people. The people God is speaking # the whole family Here "the whole family" represents to the whole nation. The people of Israel were all descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: "the whole nation" or "the whole clan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/02.md b/amo/03/02.md index 26c2e139c5..9e3ab45545 100644 --- a/amo/03/02.md +++ b/amo/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "families" represents nations or people groups. Alternate translation: "all # Therefore I will punish you for all your iniquities It can be stated clearly that they did not obey God. Alternate translation: "But you did not obey me. Therefore I will punish you for all your iniquities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/03.md b/amo/03/03.md index d41fd4690a..d79cd3b39e 100644 --- a/amo/03/03.md +++ b/amo/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Amos uses the questions in verses 3-6 to present examples of things that people # Will two walk together unless they have made an appointment? Amos uses this question to remind people of what they already know about what must happen in order for two people to walk together. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Two people will walk together only if they have first agreed to walk together." or "You know that two people will walk together only if they have made an appointment to do that." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/04.md b/amo/03/04.md index 66d53b0689..1c5ff4bc49 100644 --- a/amo/03/04.md +++ b/amo/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Amos uses this question to remind people of what they already know about what ca # Will a young lion growl from his den if he has caught nothing? Amos uses this question to remind people of what they already know about what causes a lion to growl. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "A young lion will growl from his den only if he has caught something." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/05.md b/amo/03/05.md index 4aa2512e0b..0abc63caba 100644 --- a/amo/03/05.md +++ b/amo/03/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Amos uses this question to remind people of what they already know about what ca # Will a trap spring up from the ground This refers to a trap closing. When an animal steps on a trap, the trap closes and the animal cannot get out of it. Alternate translation: "Will a trap close" - diff --git a/amo/03/06.md b/amo/03/06.md index 81706f503b..d9c8321a46 100644 --- a/amo/03/06.md +++ b/amo/03/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Amos uses this question to remind the people of what they should already know ab # If disaster overtakes a city, Something terrible happening to a city is spoken of as if disaster overtakes it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/07.md b/amo/03/07.md index 964c127584..7f3c02edd0 100644 --- a/amo/03/07.md +++ b/amo/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "Surely the Lord Yahweh wi # his plan "his secret plan" - diff --git a/amo/03/08.md b/amo/03/08.md index db540a4caf..a89d3e3ea4 100644 --- a/amo/03/08.md +++ b/amo/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Amos uses this question to remind people of what people do when a lion roars. Th # The Lord Yahweh has spoken; who will not prophesy? Amos uses this question to emphasize what people should already know about what prophets do when God speaks. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "The Lord Yahweh has spoken; so we know that the prophets will prophesy." or "The Lord Yahweh has spoken; so of course the prophets will prophesy." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/09.md b/amo/03/09.md index 8d501e686a..8c527b1ad6 100644 --- a/amo/03/09.md +++ b/amo/03/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "great tumults is in her" refers to people's fear because of the fighting a # what oppression is in her Here "oppression is in her" refers to leaders in Samaria oppressing the people. The abstract noun "oppress" can be stated as "oppress" or "cause to suffer." Alternate translation: "how the leaders oppress people" or "and how they cause people to suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/10.md b/amo/03/10.md index 2c075d4ef0..eaaeb65bc2 100644 --- a/amo/03/10.md +++ b/amo/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the people of Samaria. # They store up violence and devastation Here "violence" and "devastation" represent things they have taken by being violent and destructive. Alternate translation: "They store up things that they have violently stolen from others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/11.md b/amo/03/11.md index 5833131c27..41f23ea60d 100644 --- a/amo/03/11.md +++ b/amo/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be stated clearly who God was saying this to. Alternate translation: "The # plunder your fortresses "steal all the things in your fortresses" - diff --git a/amo/03/12.md b/amo/03/12.md index 0322419000..90681ec57c 100644 --- a/amo/03/12.md +++ b/amo/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase shows that they will not be completely rescued. Almost all of their # couch This is a soft chair big enough to lie down on. - diff --git a/amo/03/13.md b/amo/03/13.md index a987932d69..2aa74b2121 100644 --- a/amo/03/13.md +++ b/amo/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # this is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh, the God of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated the similar phrase "this is Yahweh's declaration" in [Amos 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh, the God of hosts, has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, the God of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/14.md b/amo/03/14.md index 292a6d98f1..4410b11d17 100644 --- a/amo/03/14.md +++ b/amo/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Your enemies will cut # horns of the altar People worshiped false gods at their altars. At the top corners of the altars there were pieces of metal shaped like bull horns. These horns were a symbol of the strength of their gods. - diff --git a/amo/03/15.md b/amo/03/15.md index c90b243c75..d525e735cd 100644 --- a/amo/03/15.md +++ b/amo/03/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ the teeth and horns of large animals # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Amos 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/03/intro.md b/amo/03/intro.md index 286ee574b8..9e692563fd 100644 --- a/amo/03/intro.md +++ b/amo/03/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Amos 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Amos continues to use poetic form in this chapter to prophesy the disaster coming to the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical Questions -This chapter begins with a number of rhetorical questions. The last question provides the reader with some answers: "Yahweh has certainly spoken through his prophets. So listen to them." The answer to these rhetorical questions have the expected response of "no" because they are things that are not expected to happen. The writer is helping the reader to conclude that God uses the prophets to speak his message. +### Rhetorical Questions + +This chapter begins with a number of rhetorical questions. The last question provides the reader with some answers: "Yahweh has certainly spoken through his prophets. So listen to them." The answer to these rhetorical questions have the expected response of "no" because they are things that are not expected to happen. The writer is helping the reader to conclude that God uses the prophets to speak his message. ## Links: * __[Amos 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/amo/04/01.md b/amo/04/01.md index c7190aedd8..3adb63cea4 100644 --- a/amo/04/01.md +++ b/amo/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "the poor" refers to poor people. Alternate translation: "you who opp # you who crush the needy Hear "crush" is a metaphor that represents treating people badly. The phrase "the needy" refers to people who need help. Alternate translation: "you who treat needy people badly" or "you who hurt needy people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/02.md b/amo/04/02.md index 8ccd96dc71..65fe6967b2 100644 --- a/amo/04/02.md +++ b/amo/04/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A time in the future when bad things will happen to the people is spoken of as i # they will take you away with hooks, the last of you with fishhooks These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the enemy will capture the people like people catch fish. Alternate translation: "they will capture you as people capture animals, and they take you away" or "they will defeat you and cruelly force you to go away with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/03.md b/amo/04/03.md index 336ef9caa1..f169b44460 100644 --- a/amo/04/03.md +++ b/amo/04/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is either the name of a place that we do not know, or it refers to Mount He # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated these words in [Amos 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/04.md b/amo/04/04.md index 4290d9e9c7..326c275078 100644 --- a/amo/04/04.md +++ b/amo/04/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God makes these commands in order to show the people that he is angry that even # every three days Possible meanings are 1) on the third day or 3) every third day. Some versions have "every three years," because the Israelites were supposed to bring their tithes to God once every three years. - diff --git a/amo/04/05.md b/amo/04/05.md index d0ca45c579..97a4c93cc8 100644 --- a/amo/04/05.md +++ b/amo/04/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh rebukes them for being proud about their offerings and sacrifices. They t # this is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated the similar phrase "this is Yahweh's declaration" in [Amos 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh declares" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/06.md b/amo/04/06.md index 61a1db98c0..d2aa05877d 100644 --- a/amo/04/06.md +++ b/amo/04/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Returning to God represents submitting again to him. Alternate translation: "you # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated these words in [Amos 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/07.md b/amo/04/07.md index 14ddafa2d5..2ef74b4f4c 100644 --- a/amo/04/07.md +++ b/amo/04/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. The phrase "One piece of land" represents any # the piece of land where it did not rain This refers to any piece of land where it did not rain. Alternate translation: "the pieces of land where it did not rain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/08.md b/amo/04/08.md index f43a5715ac..481f7f055d 100644 --- a/amo/04/08.md +++ b/amo/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Returning to God represents submitting again to him. See how you translated this # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated these words in [Amos 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/09.md b/amo/04/09.md index e2bb80b6e2..35a5873623 100644 --- a/amo/04/09.md +++ b/amo/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a disease that dries and kills plants. It is caused by the hot wind from # mildew This is another disease that kills plants. - diff --git a/amo/04/10.md b/amo/04/10.md index da81e8294f..2eb6c78911 100644 --- a/amo/04/10.md +++ b/amo/04/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Returning to God represents submitting again to him. See how you translated this # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated these words in [Amos 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/11.md b/amo/04/11.md index b38b053ebf..88aeaf768a 100644 --- a/amo/04/11.md +++ b/amo/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You were like a burning stick snatched out of the fire God speaks of those who survived the plague and war as if they were a burning stick that someone pulled out of a fire. Alternate translation: "Some of you survived, like a burning stick that someone pulls out of a fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/12.md b/amo/04/12.md index cb49292085..050f35d811 100644 --- a/amo/04/12.md +++ b/amo/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues to speak to the people of Israel. # prepare to meet your God God says this to warn the people of Israel that he will judge them. Alternate translation: "prepare to meet me, your God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/amo/04/13.md b/amo/04/13.md index e1f5cd5c73..47cb9775a5 100644 --- a/amo/04/13.md +++ b/amo/04/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God ruling over all the earth is spoken of as if he walks on the highest places # Yahweh, God of hosts, is his name By declaring his full name, Yahweh is declaring his power and authority to do these things. Your language may have a way for people to do this. - diff --git a/amo/04/intro.md b/amo/04/intro.md index 805fed083c..6a13b709fb 100644 --- a/amo/04/intro.md +++ b/amo/04/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Amos 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is written in poetic form and is about the people's refusal to listen to Yahweh even as he tries to point them back to himself. +This chapter is written in poetic form and is about the people's refusal to listen to Yahweh even as he tries to point them back to himself. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Repetition -#### Repetition This chapter contains a repeated sentence: "Yet you have not returned to me—this is Yahweh's declaration." Please make sure this sentence is translated the same way each time to show the repetition. This repetition produces a list of sins Yahweh is mounting against his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter contains a repeated sentence: "Yet you have not returned to me—th * __[Amos 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/amo/05/01.md b/amo/05/01.md index 75c8aa0d21..9c63f61c1e 100644 --- a/amo/05/01.md +++ b/amo/05/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. Alternate translation: "you people of Israel" or "you Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/02.md b/amo/05/02.md index cceddffd1d..2c802c3ffe 100644 --- a/amo/05/02.md +++ b/amo/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "The virgin Israel" represents the nation of Israel. The nation of Is # she is abandoned on her land This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People have abandoned her" or "they have left her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/03.md b/amo/05/03.md index 5bf51dd5c6..cec45905a7 100644 --- a/amo/05/03.md +++ b/amo/05/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "to defend the house of Israel" or 2) "belonging to the # house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated this in [Amos 5:1](./01.md). Alternate translation: "you people of Israel" or "you Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/04.md b/amo/05/04.md index 8d3cb14526..ede7f9c50d 100644 --- a/amo/05/04.md +++ b/amo/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # Seek me Here "Seek me" represents asking God for help. Alternate translation: "Ask me for help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/05.md b/amo/05/05.md index a9eb71f717..029473d5b0 100644 --- a/amo/05/05.md +++ b/amo/05/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Gilgal" represents the people of Gilgal, and going into captivity refers t # Bethel will become nothing Here "become nothing" represents being destroyed. Alternate translation: "Bethel will be completely destroyed" or "enemies will completely destroy Bethel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/06.md b/amo/05/06.md index 058bbd24f7..4006386501 100644 --- a/amo/05/06.md +++ b/amo/05/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "it" refers to the fire, and "devour" represents destroying everything. # there will be no one to quench it "there will no one to stop it" or "there will be no one to stop him from destroying everything" - diff --git a/amo/05/07.md b/amo/05/07.md index 99829f676a..6554992fd3 100644 --- a/amo/05/07.md +++ b/amo/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "a bitter thing" represents actions that harm people, and "turn justice int # throw righteousness down to the ground This represents treating righteousness as if it were worthless. Alternate translation: "treat righteousness as though it were as unimportant as dirt" or "you despise what is righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/08.md b/amo/05/08.md index 978bcc7510..b084b55cd0 100644 --- a/amo/05/08.md +++ b/amo/05/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents God causing the sea water to fall on the earth as rain. Alternat # Yahweh is his name! By declaring his name, Yahweh is declaring his power and authority to do these things. - diff --git a/amo/05/09.md b/amo/05/09.md index 64bc5736ec..72a95a8ecc 100644 --- a/amo/05/09.md +++ b/amo/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "destruction" can be translated with the verb "destroy." The p # so that destruction comes on the fortresses The abstract noun "destruction" can be translated with the verb "destroy." Alternate translation: "so that the fortresses are destroyed" or "and he destroys the fortresses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/10.md b/amo/05/10.md index c2df07ee08..4f0423b1ed 100644 --- a/amo/05/10.md +++ b/amo/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They hate anyone "The people of Israel hate anyone" - diff --git a/amo/05/11.md b/amo/05/11.md index 4dd1226469..6012cbb121 100644 --- a/amo/05/11.md +++ b/amo/05/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here Amos specifies that the Israelites ("the house of Joseph," [Amos 5:6](./06. # you will not drink their wine The word "their" refers to the vineyards. This may imply that no one will make the wine, or even that there will not be enough good grapes to make wine. Alternate translation: "you will not drink the wine that is made from the grapes in your vineyards" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/12.md b/amo/05/12.md index 492c9f566a..962564875f 100644 --- a/amo/05/12.md +++ b/amo/05/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "turn aside the needy" represents telling the needy people to leave. It can # the needy The word "needy" is a nominal adjective that refers to people who are in need. Alternate translation: "people in need" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/13.md b/amo/05/13.md index 1c36564ead..c1c5055206 100644 --- a/amo/05/13.md +++ b/amo/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Those who do not want the evil people to harm them will not speak out against th # for it is an evil time Here "an evil time" represents a time when people are evil and do evil deeds. Alternate translation: "for it is a time when people are evil" or "for people do evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/14.md b/amo/05/14.md index a0a13693f9..fa187034b5 100644 --- a/amo/05/14.md +++ b/amo/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Seek good and not evil Here "Seek good" represents choosing to do what good. "Good" and "evil" represent good actions and evil actions. Alternate translation: "Choose to do what is good and not what is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/15.md b/amo/05/15.md index 7c0b549fa9..e9bc9f9058 100644 --- a/amo/05/15.md +++ b/amo/05/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ City gates were where business transactions occurred and judgments were made, be # the remnant of Joseph Here "remnant" refers to people who are still living in Israel after the others are killed or taken away as captives. Here "Joseph" represents the northern kingdom of Israel, whose two largest tribes were the descendants of Joseph. See how you translated "house of Joseph" in [Amos 5:6](../05/06.md). Alternate translation: "the descendants of Joseph who are still alive" or "those of Israel who survive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/16.md b/amo/05/16.md index 5c02dfbac3..2c1ad1f6e9 100644 --- a/amo/05/16.md +++ b/amo/05/16.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The phrase "they will call" is understood from the beginning of the sentence. Al # to wailing "to wail" - diff --git a/amo/05/17.md b/amo/05/17.md index 795621c561..3d0eadedae 100644 --- a/amo/05/17.md +++ b/amo/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will pass through your midst God speaks of punishing the people as if he were to come and punish them while walking through the group of them. Alternate translation: "I will come and punish you" or "I will punish you" - diff --git a/amo/05/18.md b/amo/05/18.md index 574924a7ad..3e4b7d4f32 100644 --- a/amo/05/18.md +++ b/amo/05/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God uses this question to rebuke the people for saying that they want the day of # It will be darkness and not light Here "darkness" represents a time when disasters happen, and "light" represents a time when good things happen. Alternate translation: "It will be a time of darkness and disaster, not of light and blessing" or "On that day there will be disasters, not blessings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/19.md b/amo/05/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/amo/05/19.md +++ b/amo/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/amo/05/20.md b/amo/05/20.md index 791ccf48c1..c6de166703 100644 --- a/amo/05/20.md +++ b/amo/05/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question emphasizes that bad things will happen then. It can be expressed a # Gloom and no brightness? The words "Will not the day of Yahweh be" is understood from the previous sentence. Like the previous question, it emphasizes that terrible things, not good things, will happen on the day of Yahweh. It can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "It will be a time when terrible things, not good things, happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/21.md b/amo/05/21.md index 651a82f964..5157c1962a 100644 --- a/amo/05/21.md +++ b/amo/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "despise" is a strong word for "hate." Together the two words emphasize # I take no delight in your solemn assemblies "Your solemn assemblies do not please me at all" - diff --git a/amo/05/22.md b/amo/05/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/amo/05/22.md +++ b/amo/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/amo/05/23.md b/amo/05/23.md index b50d1b08e5..32a90caf0a 100644 --- a/amo/05/23.md +++ b/amo/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of the noise of songs as if it could be put somewhere else. It repre # noise unpleasant sounds - diff --git a/amo/05/24.md b/amo/05/24.md index 5314e5506d..962b7bafe9 100644 --- a/amo/05/24.md +++ b/amo/05/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let justice flow like water, and righteousness like a constantly flowing stream This represents causing there to be much justice and righteous. Alternate translation: "let there be so much justice that it is like flowing water, and let there be so much righteousness that it is like a constantly flowing stream" or "let justice abound like a flood, and let righteousness abound like a stream that never stops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/25.md b/amo/05/25.md index 269d61017f..041e5a28dc 100644 --- a/amo/05/25.md +++ b/amo/05/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks as though the Israelites he is speaking to were part of the group tha # house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated it in [Amos 5:1](../05/01.md). Alternate translation: "you people of Israel" or "you Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/05/26.md b/amo/05/26.md index 48ced5ac53..a57ef0ff53 100644 --- a/amo/05/26.md +++ b/amo/05/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of two false gods. The people had made images to represent t # Kaiwan Some versions write this as "Kiyyun." - diff --git a/amo/05/27.md b/amo/05/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/amo/05/27.md +++ b/amo/05/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/amo/05/intro.md b/amo/05/intro.md index a054cdec19..90ad3b8d8c 100644 --- a/amo/05/intro.md +++ b/amo/05/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Amos 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues to be written in a poetic format and foretells the destruction of the kingdom of Israel. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Place Names -This chapter refers to various places in land of Israel (i.e. Gilgal, Bethel, Beersheba). Normally these places have good connotations, but here they are referred to negatively. This is most likely because these cities became known for their idol worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +### Place Names -#### City gate -The "city gate" is mentioned several times. This was a place where people would go with legal and financial issues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) +This chapter refers to various places in land of Israel (i.e. Gilgal, Bethel, Beersheba). Normally these places have good connotations, but here they are referred to negatively. This is most likely because these cities became known for their idol worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) + +### City gate + +The "city gate" is mentioned several times. This was a place where people would go with legal and financial issues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: * __[Amos 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/amo/06/01.md b/amo/06/01.md index 3918e195f8..e5a18e0a29 100644 --- a/amo/06/01.md +++ b/amo/06/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # comes for help Here "comes" can be stated as "goes." Alternate translation: "goes for help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/amo/06/02.md b/amo/06/02.md index 1e0f30cb12..aa8cec8d69 100644 --- a/amo/06/02.md +++ b/amo/06/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The notable men use this question to emphasize that the kingdoms of Israel and J # Is their border larger than your border? The notable men use this question to emphasize that their kingdoms are larger than those other kingdoms. Alternate translation: "Their border is smaller than yours." or "Those countries are smaller than Judah and Samaria." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/amo/06/03.md b/amo/06/03.md index 02ecbe9d9d..bc2e7468a6 100644 --- a/amo/06/03.md +++ b/amo/06/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Refusing to believe that Yahweh will cause disaster is spoken of as if the "day # and make the throne of violence come near Here "throne" is a metonym that represents reign or rule. The people doing evil things, which causes Yahweh to bring disaster on them, is spoken of as if they were causing "violence" to rule them. Alternate translation: "but who are actually causing me to send violent people to destroy you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/06/04.md b/amo/06/04.md index 985b9a7bf9..761715a9ee 100644 --- a/amo/06/04.md +++ b/amo/06/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ lie around like lazy people # couches soft seats large enough to lie down on - diff --git a/amo/06/05.md b/amo/06/05.md index c43bd6376a..f7f0425210 100644 --- a/amo/06/05.md +++ b/amo/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they improvise on instruments Possible meanings: 1) they invent new songs and ways of playing the instruments or 2) they invent new instruments. - diff --git a/amo/06/06.md b/amo/06/06.md index 4e225286b6..788cf835be 100644 --- a/amo/06/06.md +++ b/amo/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This implies that they drink a lot of wine because they drink it from a large bo # they do not grieve over the ruin of Joseph Here "Joseph" represents his descendants. Alternate translation: "they do not grieve about the descendants of Joseph whom enemies will soon destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/06/07.md b/amo/06/07.md index 2f4aa285b4..ef9393be6f 100644 --- a/amo/06/07.md +++ b/amo/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the feasts of those who lounge about will pass away "there will be no more feasts for people to lie around at ease" - diff --git a/amo/06/08.md b/amo/06/08.md index d92b56d89a..42b1baf85b 100644 --- a/amo/06/08.md +++ b/amo/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate translation: "I hate the desc # I hate his fortresses It is implied that Yahweh hates the fortresses because the people believed the fortresses would keep them safe. Alternate translation: "I hate the people of Israel because they trust in their fortresses, not in me, to protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/amo/06/09.md b/amo/06/09.md index 08d26229ae..1029f614f0 100644 --- a/amo/06/09.md +++ b/amo/06/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In 6:9-10 Amos gives an example of the kinds of things that will happen when Yah # if ten men remain in one house, they will all die This seems to imply that something terrible is happening, and these ten men go into the house to hide. Alternate translation: "if ten men are hiding inside of a house, they will all still die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/amo/06/10.md b/amo/06/10.md index eae6cb84c9..8f9e29a385 100644 --- a/amo/06/10.md +++ b/amo/06/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the speaker is the one who asked the question, or 2) th # we must not mention Yahweh's name The speaker was probably afraid that if the hearer mentioned Yahweh's name, both of them would also die. - diff --git a/amo/06/11.md b/amo/06/11.md index b32146812c..7887b3cfac 100644 --- a/amo/06/11.md +++ b/amo/06/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You can use the same word for both of these phrases. # the little house to bits This can be stated with the understood information included and also in active form. Alternate translation: "the little house will be smashed to bits" and "enemies will smash the little house to bits" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/amo/06/12.md b/amo/06/12.md index c9614e6db1..40e7999191 100644 --- a/amo/06/12.md +++ b/amo/06/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Distorting what is just is spoken of as if the leaders "turned justice into pois # the fruit of righteousness into bitterness This means basically the same thing as the first part of the sentence. Distorting what is right is spoken of as if righteousness were a sweet fruit that the people made bitter tasting. Alternate translation: "you distort what is right" or "you punish those who do what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/06/13.md b/amo/06/13.md index c361c6a020..233263c5ad 100644 --- a/amo/06/13.md +++ b/amo/06/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Have we not taken Karnaim by our own strength? The people use a question to emphasize that they believe they captured a city because of their own power. Alternate translation: "We captured Karnaim by our own power!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/amo/06/14.md b/amo/06/14.md index f8ee038ae2..d8c2f012a0 100644 --- a/amo/06/14.md +++ b/amo/06/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Lebo Hamath" represents the northern border of Israel, and "brook of the A # brook a small river that flows only during the wet season - diff --git a/amo/06/intro.md b/amo/06/intro.md index 8e723ba48e..022b1a1e5e 100644 --- a/amo/06/intro.md +++ b/amo/06/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,15 @@ # Amos 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter continues to be written in poetic style except for verses 9-10, which are in prose. These two verses contain many interested features. +This chapter continues to be written in poetic style except for verses 9-10, which are in prose. These two verses contain many interested features. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -Verses 9-10 will probably be difficult to translate because the situation is vague and details don't appear to align easily. It is appropriate to translate these verses with some ambiguity remaining. It may be helpful to read many different versions prior to translating these verses. +Verses 9-10 will probably be difficult to translate because the situation is vague and details don't appear to align easily. It is appropriate to translate these verses with some ambiguity remaining. It may be helpful to read many different versions prior to translating these verses. ## Links: * __[Amos 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/amo/07/01.md b/amo/07/01.md index 0ab0c21847..85780f675c 100644 --- a/amo/07/01.md +++ b/amo/07/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Amos 4:9](../04/09.md). # after the king's harvest "after the king takes his share from the harvest" - diff --git a/amo/07/02.md b/amo/07/02.md index c8308424c8..940f9894b7 100644 --- a/amo/07/02.md +++ b/amo/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "your people" or "us" are understood. Alternate translation: "please f # how will Jacob stand? For he is so small. Here "Jacob" represents his descendants the Israelites. The word "stand" is a metonym for surviving. Alternate translation: "how will we Israelites survive? We are so small and weak!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/03.md b/amo/07/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/amo/07/03.md +++ b/amo/07/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/amo/07/04.md b/amo/07/04.md index e97e5bf9d6..4ddc89ddbb 100644 --- a/amo/07/04.md +++ b/amo/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer is telling the reader that something surprising is about to happen. Y # the Lord Yahweh called on fire to judge "the Lord Yahweh used burning fire to punish the people" - diff --git a/amo/07/05.md b/amo/07/05.md index b857bd6bf7..0a62790381 100644 --- a/amo/07/05.md +++ b/amo/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # how will Jacob stand? For he is so small. Here "Jacob" represents his descendants the Israelites. See how you translated this in [Amos 7:2](../07/02.md). The word "stand" is a metonym for surviving. Alternate translation: "how will the Israelites survive? We are so small and weak!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/06.md b/amo/07/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/amo/07/06.md +++ b/amo/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/amo/07/07.md b/amo/07/07.md index 0776a56c8f..9d8441aa33 100644 --- a/amo/07/07.md +++ b/amo/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plumb line thin rope with a weight at one end used in building to make sure walls stand straight up and down - diff --git a/amo/07/08.md b/amo/07/08.md index e2b73ef7fc..e59584dcc9 100644 --- a/amo/07/08.md +++ b/amo/07/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses a question to teach Amos. Alternate translation: "tell me what you s # I will put a plumb line among my people Israel Judging the people and determining they are wicked is spoken of as if the Israelites were a wall, and Yahweh determines the wall is not straight by using a plumb line. Alternate translation: "my people Israel are wicked. They are like a wall that is not straight up and down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/09.md b/amo/07/09.md index b91276069f..c04eb4bb0c 100644 --- a/amo/07/09.md +++ b/amo/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these represent the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "the descen # the house of Jeroboam Here "house" represents "family." Translate "Jeroboam" as you did in [Amos 1:1](../01/01.md), and see how you translated "house of" in [Amos 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Jeroboam and his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/10.md b/amo/07/10.md index 4e462e6d16..56c69831b6 100644 --- a/amo/07/10.md +++ b/amo/07/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # The land cannot endure all his words Here "land" represents "people." Disrupting the peace is spoken of as if Amos's words were a heavy object that the land could not carry. Alternate translation: "What he is saying disturbs the peace among the people" or "His message will cause trouble among the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/11.md b/amo/07/11.md index 602d20d8f7..647120fd88 100644 --- a/amo/07/11.md +++ b/amo/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeroboam will die by the sword Here "sword" represents the enemies. Alternate translation: "Enemies will kill Jeroboam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/12.md b/amo/07/12.md index 484e8ddf6a..97b8413c56 100644 --- a/amo/07/12.md +++ b/amo/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there eat bread and prophesy Here "eat bread" is an idiom that means to earn money or make a living for doing something. Alternate translation: "see if you can get the people there to pay you for prophesying" or "prophesy there and let them provide you with food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/13.md b/amo/07/13.md index 55e59ee7a0..8a7c71adc1 100644 --- a/amo/07/13.md +++ b/amo/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for it is the king's sanctuary and a royal house Here "king's sanctuary" and "royal house" refer to the same place. Alternate translation: "this is where the national temple is, the place where the king worships" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/14.md b/amo/07/14.md index 8155b2c1f4..fd008a2beb 100644 --- a/amo/07/14.md +++ b/amo/07/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This here probably means "one who takes care of sheep" since he is called a "she # sycamore fig trees Sycamores are broad trees that grow up to 15 meters tall. Alternate translation: "fig trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/15.md b/amo/07/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/amo/07/15.md +++ b/amo/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/amo/07/16.md b/amo/07/16.md index b0b4577ecb..e8dc6e9de2 100644 --- a/amo/07/16.md +++ b/amo/07/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "now" is used to draw attention to the important point that follow # do not speak against the house of Isaac Here "house" represents the family or descendants of Isaac. Alternate translation: "do not speak against the descendants of Isaac" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/17.md b/amo/07/17.md index eb04bd587a..16df0a2eda 100644 --- a/amo/07/17.md +++ b/amo/07/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "other people will tak # an unclean land A land full of people that are unacceptable to God is spoken of as if the land were physically unclean. Here it means a land other than Israel. Alternate translation: "a foreign land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/07/intro.md b/amo/07/intro.md index 1f6384443b..5bf3fa0e5c 100644 --- a/amo/07/intro.md +++ b/amo/07/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Amos 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is mainly written as a narrative about the prophet Amos interacting with Yahweh. Yahweh presents three different scenarios of judgment before Amos who pleads with God and he does not carry out his judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Reported speech -#### Reported speech In the latter part of the chapter, it is important to follow the conversation carefully to understand who is speaking. There are some instances of "reported speech." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ In the latter part of the chapter, it is important to follow the conversation ca * __[Amos 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/amo/08/01.md b/amo/08/01.md index 0344820a12..56de7d796b 100644 --- a/amo/08/01.md +++ b/amo/08/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "look" here shows that Amos saw something interesting. Alternate transl # summer fruit "ripe fruit" - diff --git a/amo/08/02.md b/amo/08/02.md index ea5a414452..2f2802fc6b 100644 --- a/amo/08/02.md +++ b/amo/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What do you see, Amos? Yahweh uses a question to teach Amos. Alternate translation: "Tell me what you see, Amos." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/amo/08/03.md b/amo/08/03.md index 918d38cb25..895070345a 100644 --- a/amo/08/03.md +++ b/amo/08/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Silence! Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh is to telling the people to be silent as they hear about the severity of his punishment or 2) the people will be silent because of their grief after Yahweh's punishment. - diff --git a/amo/08/04.md b/amo/08/04.md index 8bd4e1556b..d6a3324704 100644 --- a/amo/08/04.md +++ b/amo/08/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the nominal adjectives "the needy" and "the poor. # you who trample Harming people is spoken of as if it were stomping on people. Alternate translation: "you who harm" or "you who oppress" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/08/05.md b/amo/08/05.md index 1c3d063d79..eb346af510 100644 --- a/amo/08/05.md +++ b/amo/08/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The merchants use theses question to emphasize that want to start selling their # We will make the measure small and increase the price, as we cheat with deceitful scales The merchants would use false scales that showed that the amount of grain they were giving was greater than it really was and that the weight of the payment was less than it really was. - diff --git a/amo/08/06.md b/amo/08/06.md index e671e23483..8cf1ada171 100644 --- a/amo/08/06.md +++ b/amo/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the needy for a pair of sandals The words "and buy" are understood. Alternate translation: "buy the needy for a pair of sandals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/amo/08/07.md b/amo/08/07.md index b910c49638..d43115da2e 100644 --- a/amo/08/07.md +++ b/amo/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh has sworn by the pride of Jacob Here "pride of Jacob" is a title for Yahweh. Also "Jacob" represents his descendants, the Israelites. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has sworn by himself, saying" or "Yahweh, of whom the Israelites are so proud, has sworn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/08/08.md b/amo/08/08.md index e21b87be02..926223d9c8 100644 --- a/amo/08/08.md +++ b/amo/08/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Amos compares the rising and sinking of the waters of the Nile River to how Yahw # river of Egypt This is another name for the Nile River. - diff --git a/amo/08/09.md b/amo/08/09.md index 9b7dd69a61..202775c784 100644 --- a/amo/08/09.md +++ b/amo/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It will come in that day "It will happen at that time" - diff --git a/amo/08/10.md b/amo/08/10.md index 405f193f40..592428d862 100644 --- a/amo/08/10.md +++ b/amo/08/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is understood that the only son has died. Alternate translation: "like mourni # a bitter day to its end Terrible and sad things happening during a day is spoken of as if the day had a bitter taste. Alternate translation: "everything that happens at that time will cause you great sorrow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/08/11.md b/amo/08/11.md index 5c4bbf2b09..fb8b3000f2 100644 --- a/amo/08/11.md +++ b/amo/08/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh refusing to give messages when the people want to hear from him is spoken # the words of Yahweh This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "words from me, Yahweh" or "my messages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/amo/08/12.md b/amo/08/12.md index d3d661b7dc..628e0dceda 100644 --- a/amo/08/12.md +++ b/amo/08/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sea to sea" and "the north to the east" represent all of the land of Israe # from sea to sea This implies the Dead Sea in the south and the Mediterranean Sea in the west. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/amo/08/13.md b/amo/08/13.md index fd6a18b40f..da3774dfa1 100644 --- a/amo/08/13.md +++ b/amo/08/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # faint to lose all strength - diff --git a/amo/08/14.md b/amo/08/14.md index 54a2debc2a..fc1e376374 100644 --- a/amo/08/14.md +++ b/amo/08/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is probably a reference to the roads that pilgrims would take to Beersheba # they will fall This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "they will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/amo/08/intro.md b/amo/08/intro.md index 02cde4250c..0e284f4613 100644 --- a/amo/08/intro.md +++ b/amo/08/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # Amos 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is written in poetic form and it shows the way Yahweh's people are sinning and how he is going to respond. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### "This is the declaration of Yahweh" +### "This is the declaration of Yahweh" This phrase is used to introduce prophecy. It highlights what God is proclaiming. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -16,4 +16,3 @@ This phrase is used to introduce prophecy. It highlights what God is proclaiming * __[Amos 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/amo/09/01.md b/amo/09/01.md index 0ed05aa39f..486e1dd3b5 100644 --- a/amo/09/01.md +++ b/amo/09/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "heads" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "Break the pill # I will kill the last of them with the sword Here "sword" represents an army attacking with their weapons. Alternate translation: "I will send an enemy army to kill the rest of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/09/02.md b/amo/09/02.md index cb488bce10..15f37cec29 100644 --- a/amo/09/02.md +++ b/amo/09/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses an exaggerated image of people fleeing to Sheol or heaven to try to # there my hand will take them Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "I will pull them up from there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/09/03.md b/amo/09/03.md index 377d66e502..5892da48db 100644 --- a/amo/09/03.md +++ b/amo/09/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh gives an exaggerated image of the people fleeing to the top of mount Carm # serpent an unknown fierce sea animal, not the snake in the garden of Eden and not a common snake - diff --git a/amo/09/04.md b/amo/09/04.md index e181446fed..b1fdd68703 100644 --- a/amo/09/04.md +++ b/amo/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "sword" represents their enemies. Alternate translation: "there I will caus # I will keep my eyes on them for harm and not for good Here "eyes" represents seeing. The phrase "keep my eyes on them" is an idiom that means to watch closely. Alternate translation: "I will watch closely and make sure only bad things happen to them and not good things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/amo/09/05.md b/amo/09/05.md index aad02a0bb6..e72e704821 100644 --- a/amo/09/05.md +++ b/amo/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all of it will rise up like the River, and sink again like the river of Egypt Here "the River" and "river of Egypt" both refer to the Nile river. Yahweh causing the land to shake violently is compared to the waters of the Nile river rising and sinking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/amo/09/06.md b/amo/09/06.md index b243151152..bcd29f09f8 100644 --- a/amo/09/06.md +++ b/amo/09/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents God causing the sea water to fall on the earth as rain. See how # Yahweh is his name By declaring his name, Yahweh is declaring his power and authority to do these things. See how you translated this in [Amos 5:8](../05/08.md). - diff --git a/amo/09/07.md b/amo/09/07.md index 38e635b2ef..c136dfe60c 100644 --- a/amo/09/07.md +++ b/amo/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # Kir See how you translated the name of this place in [Amos 1:5](../01/05.md). - diff --git a/amo/09/08.md b/amo/09/08.md index 581870cb4c..809f4d0269 100644 --- a/amo/09/08.md +++ b/amo/09/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "from the face of the earth" means "completely." Alternate translation # the house of Jacob The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. They were the people of Israel. See how you translated this in [Amos 3:13](../03/13.md). Alternate translation: "the descendants of Jacob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/amo/09/09.md b/amo/09/09.md index f0573be211..d84ad4ce96 100644 --- a/amo/09/09.md +++ b/amo/09/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The picture here is of grain falling through the sieve and stones being kept out # sieve a surface with many small holes that allow small things to pass through and keep larger things from passing through - diff --git a/amo/09/10.md b/amo/09/10.md index 19add7db78..13139d0a54 100644 --- a/amo/09/10.md +++ b/amo/09/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sword" represents their enemies. Alternate translation: "Enemies will kill # Disaster will not overtake or meet us Experiencing disaster is spoken of as disaster could overtake or meet someone. Alternate translation: "We will not experience disaster" or "Bad things will not happen to us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/09/11.md b/amo/09/11.md index 746e10ac89..95120cd869 100644 --- a/amo/09/11.md +++ b/amo/09/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Causing the people of Israel to be great again is spoken of as if David's kingdo # breaches parts of a wall that have fallen down - diff --git a/amo/09/12.md b/amo/09/12.md index 93dc8462f0..198b42b22e 100644 --- a/amo/09/12.md +++ b/amo/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the nations that are called by my name Here "name" represents Yahweh. The idiom "called by my name" means they once belonged to Yahweh. This means that in the past the people had conquered and taken control of these territories. Alternate translation: "all the nations that once belonged to me" or "all the nations that I caused the people of Israel to conquer in the past" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/amo/09/13.md b/amo/09/13.md index 445f0dba1f..3c9c107ad4 100644 --- a/amo/09/13.md +++ b/amo/09/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # The mountains will drip sweet wine, and all the hills will flow with it These two lines mean basically the same thing. The huge amount of grapes and wine in Israel is spoken of as if wine flows down the hills and mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/amo/09/14.md b/amo/09/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/amo/09/14.md +++ b/amo/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/amo/09/15.md b/amo/09/15.md index 8cea549f3c..b2e1691b11 100644 --- a/amo/09/15.md +++ b/amo/09/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will ever agai # uprooted for a plant and its roots to be pulled out of the ground - diff --git a/amo/09/intro.md b/amo/09/intro.md index 7c95906445..77eacba635 100644 --- a/amo/09/intro.md +++ b/amo/09/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Amos 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is written in poetic form and continues to show the awesome and terrible judgment of Yahweh on his people. In verse 11, the writer writes about the forgiveness and mercy of God on the kingdom of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "The declaration of Yahweh" -#### "The declaration of Yahweh" This phrase is used to introduce prophecy. It highlights what God is proclaiming. Try to remain consistent in translating this phrase throughout the book. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This phrase is used to introduce prophecy. It highlights what God is proclaiming * __[Amos 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/amo/front/intro.md b/amo/front/intro.md index e1dd4f6469..0d0313693b 100644 --- a/amo/front/intro.md +++ b/amo/front/intro.md @@ -6,9 +6,11 @@ 1. Amos introduced (1:1) 1. Yahweh judges the nations (1:2-2:16) - - The surrounding nations (1:2–2:3) - - The southern kingdom (2:4–5) - - The northern kingdom (2:6–16) + + - The surrounding nations (1:2–2:3) + - The southern kingdom (2:4–5) + - The northern kingdom (2:6–16) + 1. Amos prophesies against the people of Israel (3:1–6:14) 1. Yahweh shows Amos several visions (7:1-9:10) 1. Israel is to be restored (9:11–15) @@ -17,12 +19,12 @@ The Book of Amos contains the words of Amos, a shepherd of Tekoa. Amos began to prophesy about 760 BC. He spoke Yahweh's messages against God's people behaving wickedly. He spoke messages to both the southern kingdom of Judah and the northern kingdom of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -Yahweh gave Amos prophecies of judgment (Chapters 1-6) to proclaim to the people. Each of them begins with the phrase "This is what Yahweh says" (ULB). +Yahweh gave Amos prophecies of judgment (Chapters 1-6) to proclaim to the people. Each of them begins with the phrase "This is what Yahweh says" (ULB). -Three visions of Yahweh coming to judge the people are in the last part of the book (7:1-9:10). A final vision promises that Yahweh will restore Israel (9:11-15). He will restore the "tent of David." This means a descendant of David would once again be king over Israel. +Three visions of Yahweh coming to judge the people are in the last part of the book (7:1-9:10). A final vision promises that Yahweh will restore Israel (9:11-15). He will restore the "tent of David." This means a descendant of David would once again be king over Israel. ### How should the title of this book be translated? - + The traditional title of this book is "The Book of Amos" or just "Amos." Translators may also call it the "The Book of the Sayings of Amos." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ### Who wrote the Book of Amos? @@ -48,4 +50,3 @@ The name "Israel" is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was a son o ### Where do the various narratives begin and end? The structure of the Book of Amos may make it difficult to understand where Amos ends one thought and begins another. It may be helpful to solve these issues with carefully divided lines or paragraphs. - diff --git a/col/01/01.md b/col/01/01.md index 5116871d08..041c9165dd 100644 --- a/col/01/01.md +++ b/col/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Though this letter is from Paul and Timothy to the Colossian believers, later in # an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God "whom God chose to be an apostle of Christ Jesus" - diff --git a/col/01/02.md b/col/01/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/col/01/02.md +++ b/col/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/col/01/03.md b/col/01/03.md index 21ff9c880a..27b9ad326c 100644 --- a/col/01/03.md +++ b/col/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We give ... our Lord ... we always These words do not include the Colossians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/col/01/04.md b/col/01/04.md index b346d240ab..374f9c166e 100644 --- a/col/01/04.md +++ b/col/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is excluding his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) # your faith in Christ Jesus "your belief in Christ Jesus" - diff --git a/col/01/05.md b/col/01/05.md index 017ad21e4d..5c18249239 100644 --- a/col/01/05.md +++ b/col/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hope" stands for what the believer can confidently expect, that is, the th # the word of truth, the gospel Possible meanings are 1) "the message about the truth, the gospel" or 2) "the true message, the gospel." - diff --git a/col/01/06.md b/col/01/06.md index 46d1b17e58..9fe84859e7 100644 --- a/col/01/06.md +++ b/col/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a generalization referring to the part of the world that they knew about # the grace of God in truth "the true grace of God" - diff --git a/col/01/07.md b/col/01/07.md index cdb5628892..46b309f54e 100644 --- a/col/01/07.md +++ b/col/01/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "on our behalf" means that Epaphras was doing work for Christ that Paul him # Epaphras the man who preached the gospel to the people in Colossae (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/col/01/08.md b/col/01/08.md index 5267506105..2d61dca2a3 100644 --- a/col/01/08.md +++ b/col/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "us" does not include the Colossians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-e # your love in the Spirit Paul speaks of the Holy Spirit as if he were a place in which the believers were located. Alternate translation: "how the Holy Spirit has enabled you to love believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/01/09.md b/col/01/09.md index 48e376805f..f2adaec992 100644 --- a/col/01/09.md +++ b/col/01/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul speaks of the Colossian believers as though they were containers. Alternate # in all wisdom and spiritual understanding "so that the Holy Spirit will make you wise and able to understand what God wants you to do" - diff --git a/col/01/10.md b/col/01/10.md index 8cab5a30a8..2045219784 100644 --- a/col/01/10.md +++ b/col/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is speaking of the Colossian believers as if they were trees or plants that # growing in the knowledge of God "always getting to know God better" or "always learning more about God" - diff --git a/col/01/11.md b/col/01/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/col/01/11.md +++ b/col/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/col/01/12.md b/col/01/12.md index b042f97833..dbc4d1a696 100644 --- a/col/01/12.md +++ b/col/01/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting # in light This idea is opposite to the idea of the dominion of darkness in the next verse. Alternate translation: "in the glory of his presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/01/13.md b/col/01/13.md index 09493613a6..df5b17cc2a 100644 --- a/col/01/13.md +++ b/col/01/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul talks about the ways in which Christ is excellent. # his beloved Son "Son" is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/col/01/14.md b/col/01/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/col/01/14.md +++ b/col/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/col/01/15.md b/col/01/15.md index b89fd32aef..15868efbfa 100644 --- a/col/01/15.md +++ b/col/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The expression "firstborn" does not refer to when Jesus was born. Instead, it re # of all creation The noun "creation" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "over all that God created" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/col/01/16.md b/col/01/16.md index 396f9bbccb..706c918a25 100644 --- a/col/01/16.md +++ b/col/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "him" refers to the Son. This can be stated in active form. Alternate trans # all things were created through him and for him Here "him" refers to the Son. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God created all things through him and for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/col/01/17.md b/col/01/17.md index a3bc544ef6..13d860bc4a 100644 --- a/col/01/17.md +++ b/col/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in him all things hold together Paul is speaking here of the Son controlling all things as if he were physically holding them together. "he holds everything together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/01/18.md b/col/01/18.md index 834a85edf4..c348b9a3b8 100644 --- a/col/01/18.md +++ b/col/01/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of Jesus's position over the church as if he were the head on the hu # firstborn from among the dead Jesus is the first person to die and come back to life, never to die again. - diff --git a/col/01/19.md b/col/01/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/col/01/19.md +++ b/col/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/col/01/20.md b/col/01/20.md index 043510bd3c..d760c1483f 100644 --- a/col/01/20.md +++ b/col/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "blood" stands for the death of Christ on the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # whether things on earth or things in heaven This phrase explains what "all things" means. Some languages might prefer to put it closer to "all things." - diff --git a/col/01/21.md b/col/01/21.md index f3d71b0c94..3d7dc14b3d 100644 --- a/col/01/21.md +++ b/col/01/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul makes it clear that God has now revealed that Christ exchanges the sin of G # were alienated were no longer living in loving relationship with God - diff --git a/col/01/22.md b/col/01/22.md index f678c6cc1b..54ffa7b916 100644 --- a/col/01/22.md +++ b/col/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses two concepts, "blameless" and "above accusation," that mean almost the # before him This expression of location stands for "in God's view" or "in God's mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/01/23.md b/col/01/23.md index 275294e7d8..78d8fda360 100644 --- a/col/01/23.md +++ b/col/01/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God created everyone. The phrase "under heaven" is a metonym for in the world. A # the gospel of which I, Paul, became a servant Paul was a servant of God. Alternate translation: "the gospel that I, Paul, serve God by proclaiming" - diff --git a/col/01/24.md b/col/01/24.md index 76343611b9..8699fcc344 100644 --- a/col/01/24.md +++ b/col/01/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of his body as if it were a container that could hold suffering. (Se # for the sake of his body, which is the church Paul often speaks of the church, the group of all Christian believers, as if it were Christ's body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/01/25.md b/col/01/25.md index 04652c3c9b..6300be33f0 100644 --- a/col/01/25.md +++ b/col/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to fulfill the word of God This means to bring about the purpose of God's gospel message, which is that it be preached and believed. "Word of God" here is a metonym for the message from God. Alternate translation: "to be obedient to what God has instructed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/01/26.md b/col/01/26.md index 6e375df15d..862c91c86a 100644 --- a/col/01/26.md +++ b/col/01/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "ages" and "generations" refer to the time period from the creation of # now has been revealed to God's holy people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "now God has revealed it to his holy people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/col/01/27.md b/col/01/27.md index 0845510c0b..00aa1132ef 100644 --- a/col/01/27.md +++ b/col/01/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The mystery that God has made known is "Christ in you." Paul speaks of believer # the hope of glory The fact that Christ is in believers gives believers hope that they will share in God's glory. Alternate translation: "so you can confidently expect to share in God's glory" or "so you can confidently wait for God's glory" - diff --git a/col/01/28.md b/col/01/28.md index bec2add4c2..fb33997712 100644 --- a/col/01/28.md +++ b/col/01/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These instances of "we" include Paul and his companions but do not include the C # so that we may present every person You may need to make explicit to whom they will present every person. Alternate translation: "so that we may present to God every person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/col/01/29.md b/col/01/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/col/01/29.md +++ b/col/01/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/col/01/intro.md b/col/01/intro.md index daf4a62fdc..9bffcc4c4b 100644 --- a/col/01/intro.md +++ b/col/01/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,26 @@ - # Colossians 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -As in a typical letter, Paul begins his letter in verses 1-2 by introducing Timothy and himself to the Christians in Colossae. +As in a typical letter, Paul begins his letter in verses 1-2 by introducing Timothy and himself to the Christians in Colossae. Paul writes much of this chapter around two subjects: who Christ is, and what Christ has done for the Christian. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Secret truth +### Secret truth Paul refers to a "secret truth" in this chapter. The role of the church in the plans of God was once unknown. But God has now revealed it. Part of this involves the Gentiles having equal standing with the Jews in the plans of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Images for Christian living -#### Images for Christian living Paul uses many different images to describe Christian living. In this chapter, he uses the images of "walking" and "bearing fruit." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Verse 24 is a paradox: "Now I rejoice in my sufferings for you." People do not usually rejoice when they suffer. But in verses 25-29 Paul explains why his suffering is good. ([Colossians 1:24](../../col/01/24.md)) @@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Ver * __[Colossians intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/col/02/01.md b/col/02/01.md index 1195f4abff..d9b9bb01eb 100644 --- a/col/02/01.md +++ b/col/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a city very close to Colossae where there was another church for which # as many as have not seen my face in the flesh Here "face in the flesh" represents the person as a whole. Alternate translation: "all those who have never seen me personally" or "all those whom I have never met face to face" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/col/02/02.md b/col/02/02.md index 90125bdc72..de5cefc822 100644 --- a/col/02/02.md +++ b/col/02/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is knowledge that can be revealed only by God. # that is, Christ Jesus Christ is the mystery revealed by God. - diff --git a/col/02/03.md b/col/02/03.md index fa731995fe..cbe6d25587 100644 --- a/col/02/03.md +++ b/col/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of God's wisdom and knowledge as if they were material wealth. Alter # wisdom and knowledge These words mean basically the same thing here. Paul uses them together to emphasize that all spiritual understanding comes from Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/col/02/04.md b/col/02/04.md index b3b211dbd3..4b7e01643d 100644 --- a/col/02/04.md +++ b/col/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to cause someone to believe something that is not true, so he acts on # persuasive speech speech that will make people change what they believe - diff --git a/col/02/05.md b/col/02/05.md index af78d4f7c9..be6e7cab16 100644 --- a/col/02/05.md +++ b/col/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the proper way of doing things # the strength of your faith "how nothing and no one can cause you to stop believing" - diff --git a/col/02/06.md b/col/02/06.md index 7081feaeee..866b41eb53 100644 --- a/col/02/06.md +++ b/col/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # walk in him Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. The words "in him" refer to being in close relationship with Christ and so doing what pleases him. Alternate translation: "live your lives the way he wants you to" or "live so that people can see that you belong to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/02/07.md b/col/02/07.md index daf947d1d8..5f29fbc89a 100644 --- a/col/02/07.md +++ b/col/02/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is best stated without naming or otherwise calling attention to the teacher # abound in thanksgiving Paul speaks of thanksgiving as if it were objects that a person could obtain more of. Alternate translation: "be very thankful to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/02/08.md b/col/02/08.md index 1a8ecf7c17..860346a473 100644 --- a/col/02/08.md +++ b/col/02/08.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The "tradition of men" may refer to Jewish traditions, while "the elemental spir # the elemental spirits of the world Possible meanings are 1) spiritual powers that some people thought control what happens on earth, or 2) the laws or moral principles of the world. - diff --git a/col/02/09.md b/col/02/09.md index 8b02cc9fe0..4b0f9ca45c 100644 --- a/col/02/09.md +++ b/col/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ -# in him all the fullness of God lives in bodily form +# in him all the fullness of God lives in bodily form "God's total nature lives in physical form in Christ" - diff --git a/col/02/10.md b/col/02/10.md index d6e642e2c9..505f248eef 100644 --- a/col/02/10.md +++ b/col/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of people as though they were containers into which God has placed C # who is the head over every ruler and authority Christ is the ruler over every other ruler (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/02/11.md b/col/02/11.md index 138aa63207..13221c8fb8 100644 --- a/col/02/11.md +++ b/col/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is speaking of those who belong to Christ as if they were inside Christ's b # a circumcision not done by humans With this metaphor, Paul says that God has made Christian believers acceptable to himself in a way that reminded him of circumcision, the ceremony through which Hebrew male babies were added to the community of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/02/12.md b/col/02/12.md index 60802d3934..b6ea4a10b0 100644 --- a/col/02/12.md +++ b/col/02/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ With this metaphor, Paul speaks of the new spiritual life of believers that God # you were raised up Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God raised you up" or "God caused you to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/col/02/13.md b/col/02/13.md index 9c2eeab9b2..3f20e67926 100644 --- a/col/02/13.md +++ b/col/02/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You were dead on two accounts: 1) you were spiritually dead, living a life of si # forgave us all of our trespasses "he forgave us, both us Jews and you Gentiles, of all our trespasses" - diff --git a/col/02/15.md b/col/02/15.md index 392f58344b..91da1933ab 100644 --- a/col/02/15.md +++ b/col/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In Roman times, it was common practice for the Roman armies to have a victory pa # by the cross Here "the cross" stands for Christ's death on the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/02/16.md b/col/02/16.md index 2690f48d8f..05e94009fe 100644 --- a/col/02/16.md +++ b/col/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The law of Moses included what one could eat and drink. "for what you eat or wha # about a festival or a new moon, or about Sabbath days The law of Moses specified the days to celebrate, to worship, and to offer sacrifice. "for the way you celebrate festivals or new moons or the Sabbath" - diff --git a/col/02/17.md b/col/02/17.md index e5b8f1d8c7..9ca2c1d177 100644 --- a/col/02/17.md +++ b/col/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These are a shadow of the things to come, but the substance is Christ A shadow shows the shape of an object, but it is not the object itself. In a similar way, the festivals, celebrations, and Sabbaths show us something about how God would save people, but those things do not save people. The savior is Christ. Alternate translation: "These are like a shadow of what would happen, but the reality is Christ" or "These are like a shadow of the savior who would come, but the savior is Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/02/18.md b/col/02/18.md index 20eca2fc4a..77795c28b4 100644 --- a/col/02/18.md +++ b/col/02/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here a person who boasts is spoken of as if he were an object into which someone # his fleshly thinking Here the idea of flesh stands for the sinful human nature. "the sinful thoughts he naturally thinks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/02/19.md b/col/02/19.md index 4219a31e34..3d717d07e5 100644 --- a/col/02/19.md +++ b/col/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person not trusting in Christ is spoken of has if they do not hold firmly to t # It is from the head that the whole body throughout its joints and ligaments is supplied and held together Paul speaks of the church, which is ruled and empowered by Christ, as if it were a human body. Alternate translation: "It is from the head that God supplies the whole body throughout its joints and ligaments and holds it together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/02/20.md b/col/02/20.md index f7fc9363a7..d58510d3b7 100644 --- a/col/02/20.md +++ b/col/02/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) spiritual powers that some people thought control what # the world the thoughts, desires, and assumptions of the sinful majority of the world's people (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/02/21.md b/col/02/21.md index 9917920c12..6d2382bdd3 100644 --- a/col/02/21.md +++ b/col/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The rhetorical question that begins with the words "why do you live as obligated # "Do not handle, nor taste, nor touch" Paul is quoting what other people have been telling the Colossians and using a rhetorical question to challenge them. Alternate translation: "why do you believe them when they say, 'Do not handle, nor taste, nor touch'?" or "you should not obey them when they say, 'Do not handle, nor taste, nor touch'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/col/02/22.md b/col/02/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/col/02/22.md +++ b/col/02/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/col/02/23.md b/col/02/23.md index 5851874198..228c6c0a2e 100644 --- a/col/02/23.md +++ b/col/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # have no value against the indulgence of the flesh "do not help you stop following your human desires" - diff --git a/col/02/intro.md b/col/02/intro.md index 4d8fcf6acb..a3f145f101 100644 --- a/col/02/intro.md +++ b/col/02/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Colossians 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Circumcision and baptism -#### Circumcision and baptism In verses 11-12, Paul uses both the old covenant sign of circumcision and the new covenant sign of baptism to show how Christians are united with Christ and freed from sin. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Flesh +### Flesh -This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for our sinful nature. Paul is not teaching that the physical part of man is sinful. Paul appears to be teaching that, while Christians are alive ("in the flesh"), we will continue to sin. But our new nature will be fighting against our old nature. Paul also uses "flesh" in this chapter to refer to the physical body. +This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for our sinful nature. Paul is not teaching that the physical part of man is sinful. Paul appears to be teaching that, while Christians are alive ("in the flesh"), we will continue to sin. But our new nature will be fighting against our old nature. Paul also uses "flesh" in this chapter to refer to the physical body. + +### Implicit information -#### Implicit information Paul mentions several issues in this chapter that imply information about the context of the church in Colossae. It is best to allow the text to remain uncertain over the actual details. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Paul mentions several issues in this chapter that imply information about the co * __[Colossians 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/col/03/01.md b/col/03/01.md index 5762a161af..bbf1303d82 100644 --- a/col/03/01.md +++ b/col/03/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive ag # where Christ is sitting at the right hand of God To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "where Christ is sitting in the place of honor beside God" or "where Christ is sitting in the place of honor at God's right side"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/col/03/02.md b/col/03/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/col/03/02.md +++ b/col/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/col/03/03.md b/col/03/03.md index 7a0cb943cd..521393e3f3 100644 --- a/col/03/03.md +++ b/col/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ As Christ actually died, so God counts the Colossian believers as having died wi # your life is hidden with Christ in God Paul speaks of people's lives as if they were objects that can be hidden in containers and speaks of God as if he were a container. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are 1) "it is as though God has taken your life and concealed it with Christ in God's presence" or 2) "only God knows what your true life really is, and he will reveal it when he reveals Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/03/04.md b/col/03/04.md index 02df271544..126fde3f30 100644 --- a/col/03/04.md +++ b/col/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Another possible meaning is "Christ is revealed ... you will also be revealed," # who is your life Christ is the one who gives spiritual life to the believer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/03/05.md b/col/03/05.md index d47850a846..d5aed03726 100644 --- a/col/03/05.md +++ b/col/03/05.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ # the members that are on earth - + The word "members" here refers to parts of a person's nature. Being "on earth" or being worldly is a metaphor for being sinful. The rest of the verse is a list of sinful "members" or behaviors. Alternate translation: "the earthly parts of your nature" or "the parts of your nature that are worldly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # uncleanness @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "members" here refers to parts of a person's nature. Being "on earth" o # greed, which is idolatry "greed, which is the same thing as idolatry" or "do not be greedy because that is the same as worshiping idols" - diff --git a/col/03/06.md b/col/03/06.md index eef6f9c11e..35d154f38d 100644 --- a/col/03/06.md +++ b/col/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's anger against those who do evil as shown by what he does to punish them. # the sons of disobedience This is an idiom that means they were characterized by disobedience. The abstract noun "disobedience" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "disobedient people" or "people who disobey him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/col/03/07.md b/col/03/07.md index fc63b7874e..0012988186 100644 --- a/col/03/07.md +++ b/col/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of the way a person behaves as if it were a road or path a person wa # when you lived in them Possible meanings are 1) "when you practiced these things" or 2) "when you lived among the people who disobey God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/03/08.md b/col/03/08.md index ef985d9965..907244a2ac 100644 --- a/col/03/08.md +++ b/col/03/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ words that do not belong in polite conversation # from your mouth Here "mouth" is a metonym for talk. "in your talk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/03/09.md b/col/03/09.md index 7682004fa8..709b4fd854 100644 --- a/col/03/09.md +++ b/col/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to tell the believers how to live and reminds them that Christian # you have taken off the old man with its practices Here Paul is speaking of a Christian's rejecting his old sinful life as if it were an old garment that he takes off in order to put on a new garment. It was very common for Israelites such as Paul to speak of moral qualities as if they were pieces of clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/03/10.md b/col/03/10.md index 876338ad33..92c63b81b3 100644 --- a/col/03/10.md +++ b/col/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Paul is speaking of a Christian's rejecting his old sinful life as if it we # the image This refers to Jesus Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/03/11.md b/col/03/11.md index 380323edbd..8a9e08cd31 100644 --- a/col/03/11.md +++ b/col/03/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is someone from the land of Scythia, which was outside the Roman Empire. Gr # Christ is all, and is in all Nothing is excluded or left out of the rule of Christ. Alternate translation: "Christ is all important and lives in all his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/col/03/12.md b/col/03/12.md index c4e9e4486d..a9db8d42e2 100644 --- a/col/03/12.md +++ b/col/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be made active. Alternate translation: "as those whom God has chosen fo # put on a heart of mercy, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience The "heart" is a metaphor for feelings and attitudes. Here it is spoken of as if it had certain feelings and attitudes, and as if it were clothing to wear. Alternate translation: "have a merciful, kind, humble, gentle, and patient heart" or "be merciful, kind, humble, gentle, and patient" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/03/13.md b/col/03/13.md index 5a37a955b8..2725a61afe 100644 --- a/col/03/13.md +++ b/col/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # has a complaint against The abstract noun "complaint" can be stated as "complain." Alternate translation: "has a reason to complain against" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/col/03/14.md b/col/03/14.md index 923b24c908..2594fd3ad2 100644 --- a/col/03/14.md +++ b/col/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have love, which is the bond of perfection Here "bond of perfection" is a metaphor for something that causes perfect unity among people. Alternate translation: "love one another because doing so will unite you perfectly together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/03/15.md b/col/03/15.md index 090bee0946..638f16f482 100644 --- a/col/03/15.md +++ b/col/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of the peace that Christ gives as if it were a ruler. Possible meani # in your hearts Here "hearts" is a metonym for a people's minds or inner beings. Alternate translation: "in your minds" or "inside of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/03/16.md b/col/03/16.md index 5779c0925e..5aaaac9a02 100644 --- a/col/03/16.md +++ b/col/03/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are probably songs from the Old Testament book of Psalms that Christians s # with thankfulness in your hearts Here "hearts" is a metonym for people's minds or inner beings. Alternate translation: "with thankfulness in your minds" or "being thankful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/03/17.md b/col/03/17.md index b433cc8c20..d1672b266c 100644 --- a/col/03/17.md +++ b/col/03/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Acting in the name of a person here is a metonym for acting to help other people # through him Possible meanings are 1) because he has done great deeds or 2) because he has made it possible for people to speak to God and so give him thanks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/03/18.md b/col/03/18.md index fe5680d825..26069099af 100644 --- a/col/03/18.md +++ b/col/03/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul begins to give special instructions to wives, husbands, children, fathers, # it is appropriate "it is proper" or "it is right" - diff --git a/col/03/19.md b/col/03/19.md index 16ce509020..8fc8add596 100644 --- a/col/03/19.md +++ b/col/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not be bitter against "do not be harsh with" or "do not be angry at" - diff --git a/col/03/20.md b/col/03/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/col/03/20.md +++ b/col/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/col/03/21.md b/col/03/21.md index 4a46b27f1f..4dabac3d88 100644 --- a/col/03/21.md +++ b/col/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not provoke your children "do not needlessly make your children angry" - diff --git a/col/03/22.md b/col/03/22.md index 6ab29884fb..b59c79b941 100644 --- a/col/03/22.md +++ b/col/03/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # with a sincere heart "Heart" here is a metonym for a person's thoughts or intentions. Alternate translation: "with all honest intentions" or "with sincerity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/03/23.md b/col/03/23.md index 22c7a49161..ad6c316e73 100644 --- a/col/03/23.md +++ b/col/03/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as to the Lord "as you would work for the Lord" - diff --git a/col/03/24.md b/col/03/24.md index af633f291c..ef5005eba6 100644 --- a/col/03/24.md +++ b/col/03/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # inheritance Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/03/25.md b/col/03/25.md index 5aa7cb5d04..300530a1b4 100644 --- a/col/03/25.md +++ b/col/03/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ who actively does wrong of any kind # there is no partiality The abstract noun "partiality" can be expressed with the verb "favor." To favor some people is to judge them by different standards so the result is better for them than for others who do the same actions. Alternate translation: "God does not favor anyone" or "God judges everyone by the same standard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/col/03/intro.md b/col/03/intro.md index 00e8779177..4cf17b7cc5 100644 --- a/col/03/intro.md +++ b/col/03/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,27 @@ # Colossians 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The second part of this chapter parallels Ephesians 5 and 6. +The second part of this chapter parallels Ephesians 5 and 6. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Old and new self -#### Old and new self The old and new self mean the same as the old and new man. The term "old man" probably refers to the sinful nature with which a person is born. The "new man" is the new nature or new life that God gives a person after they come to believe in Christ. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Character -#### Character Many of the things Paul encourages his readers to pursue or avoid are not actions but character qualities. Because of this, they may be difficult to translate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) -#### "The things above" +### "The things above" -Where God dwells is often pictured as being located "above." Paul says to "seek the things above" and to "think about the things above." He is implying Christians should seek and think about heavenly and godly things. +Where God dwells is often pictured as being located "above." Paul says to "seek the things above" and to "think about the things above." He is implying Christians should seek and think about heavenly and godly things. ## Links: * __[Colossians 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/col/04/01.md b/col/04/01.md index 4178371c52..bd51bb7929 100644 --- a/col/04/01.md +++ b/col/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words mean almost the same thing and are used to emphasize the things that # you also have a Master in heaven Paul implies that God, as the Master in heaven, will give his servants what is right and fair. This could be blessing for the earthly master who treats his servants kindly or punishment for the earthly master who treats his servants unkindly. Alternate translation: "you also have a Master, who is God in heaven" - diff --git a/col/04/02.md b/col/04/02.md index 12b40fcc82..16a32f6c39 100644 --- a/col/04/02.md +++ b/col/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to give instructions to believers on how to live and speak. # Continue steadfastly in prayer "Keep praying faithfully" or "Keep praying consistently" - diff --git a/col/04/03.md b/col/04/03.md index 801968482d..225e0109f0 100644 --- a/col/04/03.md +++ b/col/04/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the gospel of Jesus Christ, which was not understood before Chris # for which also I have been in chains Here "in chains" is a metonym for being in prison, though Paul probably also was physically attached to a chain. Paul was in chains because he told people about the mystery of Christ. Alternate translation: "It is for proclaiming the message of Jesus Christ that I am now in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/04/04.md b/col/04/04.md index 57a11f936c..5fec08cfc3 100644 --- a/col/04/04.md +++ b/col/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pray that I may make it clear "Pray that I might be able to speak the message of Jesus Christ clearly" - diff --git a/col/04/05.md b/col/04/05.md index 82ba95d758..7a5ec0a26d 100644 --- a/col/04/05.md +++ b/col/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idea of walking is often used for the idea of conducting one's life. Alterna # redeem the time To "redeem" something means to restore it to its rightful owner. Here time is spoken of as something that can be restored and used to serve God. Alternate translation: "do the best things you can with your time" or "put the time to its best use" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/04/06.md b/col/04/06.md index 0c7a2ae4b4..3c2d9ffba7 100644 --- a/col/04/06.md +++ b/col/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Food with salt is a metaphor for words that teach others and that others enjoy h # so that you may know how you should answer "so that you may know how to answer questions from anyone about Jesus Christ" or "so that you may be able to treat every person well" - diff --git a/col/04/07.md b/col/04/07.md index 84de94156d..86b72bf3a1 100644 --- a/col/04/07.md +++ b/col/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul closes with special instructions about certain people as well as greetings # fellow slave "fellow servant." Though Paul is a free man, he sees himself as a servant of Christ and sees Tychicus as a fellow servant. - diff --git a/col/04/08.md b/col/04/08.md index b45310732c..1ead827f38 100644 --- a/col/04/08.md +++ b/col/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words do not include the Colossians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclu # may encourage your hearts The heart was thought to be the center of many emotions. Alternate translation: "may encourage you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/col/04/09.md b/col/04/09.md index 509937615a..6ad1ac921b 100644 --- a/col/04/09.md +++ b/col/04/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul calls Onesimus a fellow Christian and servant of Christ. # everything that has happened here All that is taking place where Paul is currently living. Tradition says Paul was in Rome under house arrest or in prison at this time. - diff --git a/col/04/10.md b/col/04/10.md index a6b9428be0..31d3e740fe 100644 --- a/col/04/10.md +++ b/col/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ He was in prison with Paul in Ephesus when Paul wrote this letter to the Colossi # if he comes "if Mark comes" - diff --git a/col/04/11.md b/col/04/11.md index bab1c0936b..60b1223d8c 100644 --- a/col/04/11.md +++ b/col/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses "circumcision" here to refer to Jews because, under the Old Testament # These alone of the circumcision "These men—Aristarchus, Mark, and Justus—alone of the circumcision" - diff --git a/col/04/12.md b/col/04/12.md index 0a541cfd3b..3e4b6adce9 100644 --- a/col/04/12.md +++ b/col/04/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Epaphras was the man who had preached the good news to the people in Colossae ([ # you may stand complete and fully assured "you may stand mature and confident" - diff --git a/col/04/13.md b/col/04/13.md index 40be1070be..5c3ffdb9cc 100644 --- a/col/04/13.md +++ b/col/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Laodicea and Hierapolis were towns close to Colossae. - diff --git a/col/04/14.md b/col/04/14.md index 8c88fe6201..c2f5625729 100644 --- a/col/04/14.md +++ b/col/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Demas This man was one of Paul's co-workers. - diff --git a/col/04/15.md b/col/04/15.md index 46a9a27447..1b6f5c3df7 100644 --- a/col/04/15.md +++ b/col/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a city very close to Colossae where there was also a church # Nympha, and the church that is in her house A woman named Nympha hosted a house church. Alternate translation: "Nympha and the group of believers that meets in her house" - diff --git a/col/04/16.md b/col/04/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/col/04/16.md +++ b/col/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/col/04/17.md b/col/04/17.md index 9652834266..01da57cfa7 100644 --- a/col/04/17.md +++ b/col/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Say to Archippus, "Look to the ministry that you have received in the Lord, that you should fulfill it Paul reminds Archippus of the task God had given him and that he, Archippus, was under obligation to the Lord to fulfill it. The words "Look," "you have received," and "you should fulfill" all refer to Archippus and should be singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/col/04/18.md b/col/04/18.md index 05e17177b6..b586c204d4 100644 --- a/col/04/18.md +++ b/col/04/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "chains" is a metaphor that Paul uses to indicate that he is in prison, # May grace be with you Here "grace" stands for God, who shows grace or acts kindly to believers. Alternate translation: "I pray that our Lord Jesus Christ would continue to act graciously toward you all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/col/04/intro.md b/col/04/intro.md index f900ab6963..70011ffee0 100644 --- a/col/04/intro.md +++ b/col/04/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # Colossians 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -[Colossians 4:1](../../col/04/01.md) appears to belong with the topics of Chapter 3 instead of Chapter 4. +[Colossians 4:1](../../col/04/01.md) appears to belong with the topics of Chapter 3 instead of Chapter 4. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "In my own hand" -#### "In my own hand" It was common in the ancient Near East for the author to speak and someone else to write down the words. Many of the New Testament letters were written this way. Paul wrote the final greeting himself. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Secret truth +### Secret truth Paul refers to a "secret truth" in this chapter. The role of the church in the plans of God was once unknown. But God has now revealed it. Part of this involves the Gentiles having equal standing with the Jews in the plans of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ Paul refers to a "secret truth" in this chapter. The role of the church in the p * __[Colossians 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/col/front/intro.md b/col/front/intro.md index ec1a4904ef..9f64b4877e 100644 --- a/col/front/intro.md +++ b/col/front/intro.md @@ -5,23 +5,30 @@ ### Outline of the Book of Colossians 1. Greeting, thanksgiving, and prayer (1:1-12) -1. The person and work of Christ - - Deliverance and redemption (1:13-14) - - Christ: the Image of the invisible God, and the One who is over all creation (1:15-17) - - Christ is the Head of the Church, and the Church trusts in him (1:18-2:7) +1. The person and work of Christ + + - Deliverance and redemption (1:13-14) + - Christ: the Image of the invisible God, and the One who is over all creation (1:15-17) + - Christ is the Head of the Church, and the Church trusts in him (1:18-2:7) + 1. Tests of faithfulness - - Warnings against false teachers (2:8-19) - - True godliness is not rigid rules and unbending traditions (2:20-23) + + - Warnings against false teachers (2:8-19) + - True godliness is not rigid rules and unbending traditions (2:20-23) + 1. Teaching and living - - Life in Christ (3:1-4) - - Old and new life (3:5-17) - - Christian family (3:18-4:1) + + - Life in Christ (3:1-4) + - Old and new life (3:5-17) + - Christian family (3:18-4:1) + 1. Christian behavior (4:2-6) 1. Closing and greetings - - Paul thanks Tychicus and Onesimus (4:7-9) - - Paul sends greetings from his associates (4:10-14) - - Paul gives directions to Archippus and the Christians in Laodicea (4:15-17) - - Paul's personal greeting (4:18) + + - Paul thanks Tychicus and Onesimus (4:7-9) + - Paul sends greetings from his associates (4:10-14) + - Paul gives directions to Archippus and the Christians in Laodicea (4:15-17) + - Paul's personal greeting (4:18) ### Who wrote the Book of Colossians? @@ -42,7 +49,7 @@ Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "Colossians." ### What were the religious issues that the church in Colossae struggled with? In the church in Colossae, there were false teachers. Their exact teaching is unknown. But they probably taught their followers to worship angels and to obey strict rules about religious ceremonies. They probably also taught that a male must be circumcised and that believers should eat only certain types of food. Paul said these false teachings came from the minds of men and not from God. - + ### How did Paul use the imagery of heaven and earth? In this letter, Paul twice speaks of things in heaven as "things above." He distinguishes it from the earth, which other parts of Scripture speak of as being "below." The purpose of this imagery was to teach Christians to live in a way that honors God, who lives in heaven above. Paul is not teaching that the earth or the physical world is evil. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) @@ -70,11 +77,10 @@ For the following verses, some modern versions of the Bible differ from older ve * "May grace be to you, and peace from God our Father" (1:2). Some older versions have a longer reading: "Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ." * "Epaphras, our beloved fellow servant, who is a faithful servant of Christ on our behalf" (1:7). Some older translations read "for you": "Epaphras, our beloved fellow servant, a faithful servant of Christ for you." * "the Father, who has made you able to have a share in the inheritance of the believers in light" (1:12). Some older translations read, "the Father, who has qualified us for a share in the inheritance in light." -* "In his Son we have redemption" (1:14). Some older translations read, "In his Son we have redemption through his blood." -* "and forgave us all of our trespasses" (2:13). Some older translations read: "and forgave you all of your trespasses." -* "When Christ appears, who is your life" (3:4). Some older translations read, "When Christ appears, who is our life." -* "It is for these things that the wrath of God is coming on the sons of disobedience" (3:6). The ULB and many other modern translations read this way. However, some modern and older translations read, "It is for these things that the wrath of God is coming." +* "In his Son we have redemption" (1:14). Some older translations read, "In his Son we have redemption through his blood." +* "and forgave us all of our trespasses" (2:13). Some older translations read: "and forgave you all of your trespasses." +* "When Christ appears, who is your life" (3:4). Some older translations read, "When Christ appears, who is our life." +* "It is for these things that the wrath of God is coming on the sons of disobedience" (3:6). The ULB and many other modern translations read this way. However, some modern and older translations read, "It is for these things that the wrath of God is coming." * "I sent him to you for this, that you might know the matters about us" (4:8). Some older translations read, "I sent him to you for this, that he might know the matters about you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/dan/01/01.md b/dan/01/01.md index 1a6822c918..a03af646aa 100644 --- a/dan/01/01.md +++ b/dan/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Nebuchadnezzar and his soldiers, not only to Nebuchadnezzar. Alte # Jehoiakim king of Judah This refers to Jehoiakim and his soldiers, not only to Jehoiakim. Alternate translation: "the army of Jehoiakim king of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/dan/01/02.md b/dan/01/02.md index 28eed3920a..f36f725b6f 100644 --- a/dan/01/02.md +++ b/dan/01/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "them" probably refers to Jehoiakim and other prisoners, as well as the sac # in his god's treasury This was an act of devotion to his god. - diff --git a/dan/01/03.md b/dan/01/03.md index 86037fd1d8..91787d1160 100644 --- a/dan/01/03.md +++ b/dan/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Nebuchadnezzar. # Ashpenaz This is the chief official. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/dan/01/05.md b/dan/01/05.md index 790ef3bf2a..2ad80074bc 100644 --- a/dan/01/05.md +++ b/dan/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Ashpenaz was to train # trained "taught skills" - diff --git a/dan/01/06.md b/dan/01/06.md index df90576a1e..877512aab8 100644 --- a/dan/01/06.md +++ b/dan/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Among these "Among the young men from Israel" - diff --git a/dan/01/07.md b/dan/01/07.md index fcaa82d556..98e3712ea9 100644 --- a/dan/01/07.md +++ b/dan/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Ashpenaz who was King Nebuchadnezzar's highest official. # Belteshazzar ... Shadrach ... Meshach ... Abednego These are all men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/dan/01/08.md b/dan/01/08.md index 70bb940631..cefd2ba884 100644 --- a/dan/01/08.md +++ b/dan/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "pollute" something is to make is unclean. Some of the food and drink of the # delicacies This refers to the special, rare, good foods that the king ate. See how you translated this in [Daniel 1:3](../01/03.md). - diff --git a/dan/01/09.md b/dan/01/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/01/09.md +++ b/dan/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/01/10.md b/dan/01/10.md index 597ca0ed58..0d8b9fbdff 100644 --- a/dan/01/10.md +++ b/dan/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The official uses this question to explain what he thought would happen. It can # The king might have my head This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "The king might cut off my head" or "The king might kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/01/11.md b/dan/01/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/01/11.md +++ b/dan/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/01/12.md b/dan/01/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/01/12.md +++ b/dan/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/01/13.md b/dan/01/13.md index 606051a8a0..7223930be9 100644 --- a/dan/01/13.md +++ b/dan/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # compare our appearance with the appearance Daniel asked the steward to see if he and his friends looked worse than the other young men. Alternate translation: "compare our appearance to see if it is worse than the appearance" - diff --git a/dan/01/14.md b/dan/01/14.md index b9434c981c..69b4bea855 100644 --- a/dan/01/14.md +++ b/dan/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tested them tested Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah - diff --git a/dan/01/15.md b/dan/01/15.md index 11170e4c36..132db59f16 100644 --- a/dan/01/15.md +++ b/dan/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The pronouns refer to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah. # nourished This means to have been made healthy from what you have eaten. - diff --git a/dan/01/16.md b/dan/01/16.md index eb94f459fa..646442dfd8 100644 --- a/dan/01/16.md +++ b/dan/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their delicacies ... their wine ... gave them All of these pronouns refer to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah. - diff --git a/dan/01/17.md b/dan/01/17.md index 185a7711a5..f573683135 100644 --- a/dan/01/17.md +++ b/dan/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract nouns "knowledge" and "insight" can be # in all literature and wisdom Here "all" is a generalization to show that they had a very good education and understanding. Alternate translation: "in many things that the Babylonians had written and studied" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/dan/01/18.md b/dan/01/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/01/18.md +++ b/dan/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/01/19.md b/dan/01/19.md index c37d57a231..30cf4b5528 100644 --- a/dan/01/19.md +++ b/dan/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Daniel, Hananiah, M # Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:6](../01/06.md). - diff --git a/dan/01/20.md b/dan/01/20.md index 4d50709726..d1e0ba82f9 100644 --- a/dan/01/20.md +++ b/dan/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ten times better Here "ten times" is an exaggeration representing great quality. Alternate translation: "much better" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/dan/01/21.md b/dan/01/21.md index d358851abf..6301f30668 100644 --- a/dan/01/21.md +++ b/dan/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the first year of King Cyrus "the first year that King Cyrus ruled Babylon" - diff --git a/dan/01/intro.md b/dan/01/intro.md index ddfcd81487..5f47f0f24e 100644 --- a/dan/01/intro.md +++ b/dan/01/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Daniel 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Training for government jobs +### Training for government jobs -Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were chosen to be trained for service in the Babylonian kingdom. It was not unusual for foreigners to be given positions in the Babylonian government as advisors or cultural ambassadors. +Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were chosen to be trained for service in the Babylonian kingdom. It was not unusual for foreigners to be given positions in the Babylonian government as advisors or cultural ambassadors. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Food laws +### Food laws -The food from the king included things the Jews were not allowed to eat according to the law of Moses. Daniel requested permission not to eat the king's food. He proved to the king that this food was not necessary for good health. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) +The food from the king included things the Jews were not allowed to eat according to the law of Moses. Daniel requested permission not to eat the king's food. He proved to the king that this food was not necessary for good health. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +18,3 @@ The food from the king included things the Jews were not allowed to eat accordin * __[Daniel intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/02/01.md b/dan/02/01.md index 1eeacab885..143e5dc181 100644 --- a/dan/02/01.md +++ b/dan/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "mind" refers to his thoughts. Alternate translation: "His thoughts disturb # and he could not sleep His troubled thoughts prevented him from sleeping. Alternate translation: "so that he could not sleep" - diff --git a/dan/02/02.md b/dan/02/02.md index 33e4846644..c49339d967 100644 --- a/dan/02/02.md +++ b/dan/02/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Or "Chaldeans." This phrase translates a word that refers to a group of men whom # to tell him his dreams "to tell him what he had dreamed" - diff --git a/dan/02/03.md b/dan/02/03.md index e59b73a297..a2d68bb4a4 100644 --- a/dan/02/03.md +++ b/dan/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "mind" refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: "I am anxious" (S # anxious "troubled" - diff --git a/dan/02/04.md b/dan/02/04.md index 45d2b6972f..72eb88627e 100644 --- a/dan/02/04.md +++ b/dan/02/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "we" refers to the men that the king is speaking to and does not i # will reveal the interpretation The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "will interpret it for you" or "will reveal what the dream means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/05.md b/dan/02/05.md index fe43d57e1a..242fd3ba6d 100644 --- a/dan/02/05.md +++ b/dan/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # your bodies will be torn apart and your houses made into rubbish heaps This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will command my soldiers to tear your bodies apart and to make your houses into rubbish heaps" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/06.md b/dan/02/06.md index b578465831..dcf4f23559 100644 --- a/dan/02/06.md +++ b/dan/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # you will receive gifts from me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will give you gifts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/07.md b/dan/02/07.md index 15c6995616..233efe519f 100644 --- a/dan/02/07.md +++ b/dan/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The wise men addressed the king in the third person as a sign of respect. Altern # we will tell you its interpretation The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "we will interpret it for you" or "we will tell you what it means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/08.md b/dan/02/08.md index c1dbd1da72..4c5e82bc40 100644 --- a/dan/02/08.md +++ b/dan/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you see how firm my decision is about this A decision that will not be changed is spoken of as something firm. Alternate translation: "you see that I will not change my decision about this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/09.md b/dan/02/09.md index 086e68fe99..9b964449c6 100644 --- a/dan/02/09.md +++ b/dan/02/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two words mean approximately the same thing and emphasize that these are " # you can tell the interpretation The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "you can interpret it for me" or "you can reveal what the dream means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/10.md b/dan/02/10.md index 99d4b5419e..12607b9d7d 100644 --- a/dan/02/10.md +++ b/dan/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # educated men ... educated man or "Chaldeans ... Chaldean." These phrases translate a word that refers to a group of men whom people thought had special knowledge. See how you translated similar words in [Daniel 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/dan/02/11.md b/dan/02/11.md index a83686c3ce..cb5a61cbb5 100644 --- a/dan/02/11.md +++ b/dan/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there is no one who can tell it to the king except the gods This double negative emphasizes that only the gods can tell it to the king. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "the only ones who can tell it to the king are the gods" or "only the gods can tell this to the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/12.md b/dan/02/12.md index 56672dd98a..e2e3ba5c4c 100644 --- a/dan/02/12.md +++ b/dan/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of his ang # wise men This phrase translates a word for a group of men whom people thought were wise. - diff --git a/dan/02/13.md b/dan/02/13.md index 33e20d3273..f5cab1a652 100644 --- a/dan/02/13.md +++ b/dan/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The decree is spoken of as if it was alive and able to go out by itself. Alterna # wise men This phrase translates a word for a group of men whom people thought were wise. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:12](../02/12.md). - diff --git a/dan/02/14.md b/dan/02/14.md index 7f744c59d7..efc429c5dc 100644 --- a/dan/02/14.md +++ b/dan/02/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a group of men whose job is to protect the king. # all the wise men in Babylon The phrase "wise men" translates a word for a group of men whom people thought were wise. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:12](../02/12.md). - diff --git a/dan/02/15.md b/dan/02/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/02/15.md +++ b/dan/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/02/16.md b/dan/02/16.md index 282f04f833..fc39af1913 100644 --- a/dan/02/16.md +++ b/dan/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Daniel probably went to the palace. Alternate translation: "Daniel went to the p # he could present the interpretation to the king The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "he could interpret the dream for the king" or "he could tell the king what the dream meant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/17.md b/dan/02/17.md index 76efa64962..7d67666bed 100644 --- a/dan/02/17.md +++ b/dan/02/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is referring to Daniel's house. # what had happened "about the king's decree" - diff --git a/dan/02/18.md b/dan/02/18.md index e443a84406..b8a58998bc 100644 --- a/dan/02/18.md +++ b/dan/02/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ killed # wise men This phrase translates a word for a group of men whom people thought were wise. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:12](../02/12.md). - diff --git a/dan/02/19.md b/dan/02/19.md index a7a873cb95..4995f0d760 100644 --- a/dan/02/19.md +++ b/dan/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "That night God reveal # the mystery This is referring to the king's dream and its meaning. - diff --git a/dan/02/20.md b/dan/02/20.md index 9427ebbd0d..e08c73d92e 100644 --- a/dan/02/20.md +++ b/dan/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Praise the name of God Here "name" refers to God himself. Alternate translation: "Praise God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/21.md b/dan/02/21.md index cd8c2beb1f..694e3e2fc0 100644 --- a/dan/02/21.md +++ b/dan/02/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here being on the "throne" refers to ruling over a kingdom. Alternate translatio # wise men This phrase translates a word for a group of men whom people thought were wise. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:12](../02/12.md). - diff --git a/dan/02/22.md b/dan/02/22.md index c29069e86c..d8830063f4 100644 --- a/dan/02/22.md +++ b/dan/02/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the light lives with him "the light comes from where God is" - diff --git a/dan/02/23.md b/dan/02/23.md index 7739e0792f..929360b122 100644 --- a/dan/02/23.md +++ b/dan/02/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This verse is also part of Daniel's prayer. He stops addressing God in the third # made known to us the matter that concerns the king "told us what the king wants to know" - diff --git a/dan/02/24.md b/dan/02/24.md index 08c65702a0..9c3d67a1f1 100644 --- a/dan/02/24.md +++ b/dan/02/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase translates a word for a group of men whom people thought were wise. # I will show the king the interpretation of his dream The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "I will interpret the king's dream for him" or "I will tell the king what his dream means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/25.md b/dan/02/25.md index 6d01dfdba9..8b2fc7ec44 100644 --- a/dan/02/25.md +++ b/dan/02/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # the king's dream Arioch speaks to the king in third person to show him respect. Alternate translation: "your dream" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/26.md b/dan/02/26.md index c0635a8d0c..ee50a03933 100644 --- a/dan/02/26.md +++ b/dan/02/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Belteshazzar was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated # tell me the dream that I saw and its interpretation The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "tell me the dream that I saw and interpret it for me" or "tell me the dream that I saw and what the dream means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/27.md b/dan/02/27.md index 16146c1fe1..10926d4f90 100644 --- a/dan/02/27.md +++ b/dan/02/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to the king's dream. # wise men This phrase translates a word for a group of men whom people thought were wise. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:12](../02/12.md). - diff --git a/dan/02/28.md b/dan/02/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/02/28.md +++ b/dan/02/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/02/29.md b/dan/02/29.md index ce255b85e1..abee361b26 100644 --- a/dan/02/29.md +++ b/dan/02/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Daniel continues talking to the king. # the one who reveals mysteries This phrase refers to God. Alternate translation: "God, who reveals mysteries" or "God, who makes mysteries known" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/30.md b/dan/02/30.md index 0057fe849a..7f3a729839 100644 --- a/dan/02/30.md +++ b/dan/02/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # know the thoughts of your mind "know the thoughts of your innermost being" or "know your innermost thoughts" - diff --git a/dan/02/31.md b/dan/02/31.md index 2346a967c3..11e1ff7d12 100644 --- a/dan/02/31.md +++ b/dan/02/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Daniel continues talking to the king. - diff --git a/dan/02/32.md b/dan/02/32.md index 1f0385a2dc..a48fc58e91 100644 --- a/dan/02/32.md +++ b/dan/02/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # was made of fine gold "was of fine gold" or "was fine gold" - diff --git a/dan/02/33.md b/dan/02/33.md index fea8aa39d2..53d74a8163 100644 --- a/dan/02/33.md +++ b/dan/02/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were made partly of iron and partly of clay "were partly of iron and partly of clay" or "were partly iron and partly clay" - diff --git a/dan/02/34.md b/dan/02/34.md index dec59fc75d..632e5215f7 100644 --- a/dan/02/34.md +++ b/dan/02/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Daniel continues talking to the king. # a stone was cut out, although not by human hands, and it This can be stated in active form if it is divided into two sentences. Alternate translation: "someone cut a stone from a mountain, but it was not a human who cut it. The stone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/35.md b/dan/02/35.md index dbf246e464..ad6c54c752 100644 --- a/dan/02/35.md +++ b/dan/02/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "they were completel # filled the whole earth "spread over the whole earth" - diff --git a/dan/02/36.md b/dan/02/36.md index 6074415b24..4d52a2842b 100644 --- a/dan/02/36.md +++ b/dan/02/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # we will tell the king Daniel speaks of himself in plural and to the king in third person to show respect. Alternate translation: "I will tell you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/37.md b/dan/02/37.md index acfb6992a4..cee3f7947c 100644 --- a/dan/02/37.md +++ b/dan/02/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the power, the strength These words mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/38.md b/dan/02/38.md index 0aedda33dd..ff22120c4e 100644 --- a/dan/02/38.md +++ b/dan/02/38.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "heavens" is used in the sense of "skies." # You are the statue's head of gold In the king's dream the statue's head represents the king. Alternate translation: "The golden head symbolizes you" or "The golden head is a symbol of you and your power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/39.md b/dan/02/39.md index 5e8ebbe143..f1e2388944 100644 --- a/dan/02/39.md +++ b/dan/02/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is symbolic language where the bronze of parts of the statue represent a fu # a third kingdom "kingdom number three" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/40.md b/dan/02/40.md index 7cb4bac2c7..5eace36a5f 100644 --- a/dan/02/40.md +++ b/dan/02/40.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This symbolic language means the fourth kingdom will defeat and replace the othe # all these things "the previous kingdoms" - diff --git a/dan/02/41.md b/dan/02/41.md index f8be82f55b..fbeccae75e 100644 --- a/dan/02/41.md +++ b/dan/02/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Nebuchadnezzar saw that the feet consisted of clay and iron. He did not see the # were partly made of baked clay and partly made of iron This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "were a mixture of baked clay and iron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/42.md b/dan/02/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/02/42.md +++ b/dan/02/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/02/43.md b/dan/02/43.md index 133375a390..a897398ad8 100644 --- a/dan/02/43.md +++ b/dan/02/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will not stay together "they will not remain united" - diff --git a/dan/02/44.md b/dan/02/44.md index 837dedec08..89cabb80b3 100644 --- a/dan/02/44.md +++ b/dan/02/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "those kings" refers to the rulers of the kingdoms symbolized by the differ # that will never be destroyed, nor will it be conquered by another people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that no one will ever destroy, and that another people never conquer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/45.md b/dan/02/45.md index 3562047323..5b37edec60 100644 --- a/dan/02/45.md +++ b/dan/02/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # reliable trustworthy and correct - diff --git a/dan/02/46.md b/dan/02/46.md index 452853d16f..ab4953c3e5 100644 --- a/dan/02/46.md +++ b/dan/02/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This symbolic act showed that the king was honoring Daniel. Alternate translatio # an offering be made and that incense be offered up to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his servants make an offering and offer up incense to Daniel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/02/47.md b/dan/02/47.md index 976de47410..f99ab3217e 100644 --- a/dan/02/47.md +++ b/dan/02/47.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate "the one who reveals mysteries" as in [Daniel 2:29](../02/29.md). # to reveal this mystery "to reveal the mystery of my dream" - diff --git a/dan/02/48.md b/dan/02/48.md index 6b7196fcea..912c4da3ed 100644 --- a/dan/02/48.md +++ b/dan/02/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # wise men This phrase translates a word for a group of men whom people thought were wise. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:12](../02/12.md). - diff --git a/dan/02/49.md b/dan/02/49.md index 25f34cf310..869efe3e21 100644 --- a/dan/02/49.md +++ b/dan/02/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shadrach ... Meshach ... Abednego These were the Babylonian names of the three Jewish men who were brought to Babylon with Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md) - diff --git a/dan/02/intro.md b/dan/02/intro.md index 569aebfba9..0e4c537bd5 100644 --- a/dan/02/intro.md +++ b/dan/02/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Daniel 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in Daniel's prayer in 2:20-23. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The king's dream +### The king's dream Daniel told the king's dream and what the dream meant. In the ancient Near East, it was believed that only people in touch with the gods could interpret dreams. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) -#### How Daniel knew the dream +### How Daniel knew the dream Daniel gave Yahweh the honor for having told him the dream and its meaning in answer to the prayers of the four men. @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ Daniel gave Yahweh the honor for having told him the dream and its meaning in an * __[Daniel 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/03/01.md b/dan/03/01.md index e098042363..6b5a067d1d 100644 --- a/dan/03/01.md +++ b/dan/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "about 27 meters tall and almo # Plain of Dura This is a location within the kingdom of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/02.md b/dan/03/02.md index f58fe6e398..ec117671f1 100644 --- a/dan/03/02.md +++ b/dan/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are officials who have authority over different sizes of territory. # treasurers These officials are in charge of money. - diff --git a/dan/03/03.md b/dan/03/03.md index b2e707f48e..3875157ada 100644 --- a/dan/03/03.md +++ b/dan/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this list in [Daniel 3:2](../03/02.md). # the statue that King Nebuchadnezzar had set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: "the statue that King Nebuchadnezzar's men had set up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/04.md b/dan/03/04.md index d92fa2996f..bb6f1bc5d7 100644 --- a/dan/03/04.md +++ b/dan/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. "The king commands you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # peoples, nations, and languages Here "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. Alternate translation: "people from different nations and who speak different languages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/05.md b/dan/03/05.md index 29b9c69f9a..88485fa160 100644 --- a/dan/03/05.md +++ b/dan/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "fall down" means "quickly lie down" # fall down and worship the golden statue "stretch yourselves out on the ground, face down, in worship of the golden statue" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/06.md b/dan/03/06.md index 8bcb054c6a..7fbed70a5a 100644 --- a/dan/03/06.md +++ b/dan/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The soldiers will thr # fall down Here "fall down" means "quickly lie down" - diff --git a/dan/03/07.md b/dan/03/07.md index 5f5c1c759c..37fc293efa 100644 --- a/dan/03/07.md +++ b/dan/03/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "fell down" means "quickly lay down" # the golden statue that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: "the golden statue that King Nebuchadnezzar's men had set up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/08.md b/dan/03/08.md index 1a3aad758f..176b31b565 100644 --- a/dan/03/08.md +++ b/dan/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used to mark a stop in the main story. Here the writer tells about # certain Chaldeans Or "certain educated men." The word translated "Chaldeans" here is translated "educated men" in [Daniel 2:2, 4, 5, 10](../02/02.md), but here it is not clear whether the author is referring to that group of men or simply to some Chaldean people. - diff --git a/dan/03/09.md b/dan/03/09.md index 982b3586a5..9b28fd0132 100644 --- a/dan/03/09.md +++ b/dan/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # King, live forever This was a common greeting to the king. - diff --git a/dan/03/10.md b/dan/03/10.md index a61636e3b2..81f4c96c3d 100644 --- a/dan/03/10.md +++ b/dan/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are musical instruments. See how you translated these words in [Daniel 3:5 # fall down Here "fall down" means "quickly lie down" - diff --git a/dan/03/11.md b/dan/03/11.md index c8cd8788f0..83ba293ac2 100644 --- a/dan/03/11.md +++ b/dan/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "fall down" means "quickly lie down" # the middle of a furnace of blazing fire See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md). - diff --git a/dan/03/12.md b/dan/03/12.md index c3b70ea3ba..573ed2a4fe 100644 --- a/dan/03/12.md +++ b/dan/03/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the Babylonian names of the three Jewish friends of Daniel. See how yo # the golden statue you have set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: "the golden statue your men have set up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/13.md b/dan/03/13.md index ad2e989f2a..4753d645ef 100644 --- a/dan/03/13.md +++ b/dan/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nebuchadnezzar's anger and rage were so intense that they are spoken of as if th # Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego These are the Babylonian names of the three Jewish friends of Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/dan/03/14.md b/dan/03/14.md index 2c08e9ed7a..0025604f69 100644 --- a/dan/03/14.md +++ b/dan/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "mind" refers to deciding. To "make up your mind" is an idiom that means to # the golden statue that I have set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: "the golden statue that my men have set up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/15.md b/dan/03/15.md index e2e6b4cbdb..87096a32b2 100644 --- a/dan/03/15.md +++ b/dan/03/15.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ The king does not expect an answer. He is threatening the three men. Alternate t # out of my hands Here "hands" refers to power to punish. Alternate translation: "from my punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/16.md b/dan/03/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/03/16.md +++ b/dan/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/03/17.md b/dan/03/17.md index bafc9e299a..e702708573 100644 --- a/dan/03/17.md +++ b/dan/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated similar words in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md). # out of your hand Here "hand" refers to power to punish. Alternate translation: "from your punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/18.md b/dan/03/18.md index 201d89749d..4a4a502ac0 100644 --- a/dan/03/18.md +++ b/dan/03/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the golden statue you set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: "the golden statue your men set up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/19.md b/dan/03/19.md index 22a69b7b4f..04eb203135 100644 --- a/dan/03/19.md +++ b/dan/03/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king was so angry that rage is spoken of as if it were filling him up. Alter # He commanded that the furnace should be heated seven times hotter than it was normally heated Here "seven times hotter" is an idiom that means to make it very much hotter. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He commanded his men to make the furnace very much hotter than they normally make it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/20.md b/dan/03/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/03/20.md +++ b/dan/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/03/21.md b/dan/03/21.md index 881f318608..73fe00fac6 100644 --- a/dan/03/21.md +++ b/dan/03/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A turban is a head covering made of wrapped cloth. # the middle of the furnace of blazing fire See how you translated similar words in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md). - diff --git a/dan/03/22.md b/dan/03/22.md index af031defcb..ddacb79a79 100644 --- a/dan/03/22.md +++ b/dan/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Because the king's command was strictly followed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Because the men did exactly what the king commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/23.md b/dan/03/23.md index e325e8f94a..3d93e33e13 100644 --- a/dan/03/23.md +++ b/dan/03/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the middle of the furnace of blazing fire See how you translated similar words in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md). - diff --git a/dan/03/24.md b/dan/03/24.md index 6bff0a6167..858f8dc382 100644 --- a/dan/03/24.md +++ b/dan/03/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did we not throw three men tied up into the fire "We threw three men tied up into the fire, right" - diff --git a/dan/03/25.md b/dan/03/25.md index 8f73ba0d57..103bda1f54 100644 --- a/dan/03/25.md +++ b/dan/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The brilliance of the fourth is like a son of the gods The gods were believed to shine brightly with light. Alternate translation: "Man four is shining brightly with light as a son of the gods would shine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/dan/03/26.md b/dan/03/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/03/26.md +++ b/dan/03/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/03/27.md b/dan/03/27.md index a70d9cfdc0..1645a51259 100644 --- a/dan/03/27.md +++ b/dan/03/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the fire did not harm # there was no smell of fire on them "they did not smell like fire" - diff --git a/dan/03/28.md b/dan/03/28.md index 5f20590a0e..a352b613f5 100644 --- a/dan/03/28.md +++ b/dan/03/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to the three men's willingness to die for what they believed. # any god except their God "any other god except their God" - diff --git a/dan/03/29.md b/dan/03/29.md index c5df9b1a74..42b15a70e3 100644 --- a/dan/03/29.md +++ b/dan/03/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "nations" and "language" represent people from different nations who speak # there is no other god who is able to save like this This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "only their God is able to save like this" - diff --git a/dan/03/30.md b/dan/03/30.md index 1c907ded31..f5bbaab5af 100644 --- a/dan/03/30.md +++ b/dan/03/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # caused Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego to prosper "made Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego powerful officials" - diff --git a/dan/03/intro.md b/dan/03/intro.md index 0ef8b50553..479df2dbc0 100644 --- a/dan/03/intro.md +++ b/dan/03/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # Daniel 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The king's new idol +### The king's new idol Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego refused to worship the new idol. In the ancient Near East, refusing to worship the king was a sign of rebellion against the king. It was often considered the crime of treason. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]]) -#### The furnace +### The furnace -There was a fourth person with them in the furnace, and because of this they were not hurt. Most scholars believe this to be Jesus before he was born. +There was a fourth person with them in the furnace, and because of this they were not hurt. Most scholars believe this to be Jesus before he was born. ## Links: * __[Daniel 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/04/01.md b/dan/04/01.md index d3257ad7c3..00952d9d7a 100644 --- a/dan/04/01.md +++ b/dan/04/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Kings would often exaggerate how wide their kingdom was. Nebuchadnezzar did rule # May your peace increase This is a common greeting. - diff --git a/dan/04/02.md b/dan/04/02.md index 5ad47e8744..0f7798c48e 100644 --- a/dan/04/02.md +++ b/dan/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # signs and wonders These words share similar meanings and refer to the amazing things that God had done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/03.md b/dan/04/03.md index 47c2f86d33..548801529e 100644 --- a/dan/04/03.md +++ b/dan/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these phrases have the same meaning and are used to emphasize how great # His kingdom is ... generation to generation Both of these phrases have the same meaning and are repeated to emphasize how God's reign is forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/04.md b/dan/04/04.md index 4373710f52..b44a7ebc2c 100644 --- a/dan/04/04.md +++ b/dan/04/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases are parallel and mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # my house ... my palace These two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/05.md b/dan/04/05.md index 17ed2af6c4..63193fc077 100644 --- a/dan/04/05.md +++ b/dan/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-dou # made me afraid ... troubled me These phrases are parallel and they mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/06.md b/dan/04/06.md index fe74f4cd74..d8d158e91d 100644 --- a/dan/04/06.md +++ b/dan/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wise men This phrase translates a word for a group of men whom people thought were wise. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:12](../02/12.md). - diff --git a/dan/04/07.md b/dan/04/07.md index c8a7ee1316..ff3a2db3c0 100644 --- a/dan/04/07.md +++ b/dan/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Or "Chaldeans." This phrase translates a word that refers to a group of men whom # they could not make known the interpretation to me The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "they could not interpret it for me" or "they could not tell me what it means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/08.md b/dan/04/08.md index 92251bc4c8..34641c34ec 100644 --- a/dan/04/08.md +++ b/dan/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who I named Belteshaz # Belteshazzar This was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/dan/04/09.md b/dan/04/09.md index de581c0b09..77f4376ef2 100644 --- a/dan/04/09.md +++ b/dan/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # the appearance of my dream "what I saw as I was dreaming" or "what my dream looked like" - diff --git a/dan/04/10.md b/dan/04/10.md index 87b9a2e716..da9bddc154 100644 --- a/dan/04/10.md +++ b/dan/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ things that you see # its height was very great "it was very tall" - diff --git a/dan/04/11.md b/dan/04/11.md index 770ebf4b0e..7ad06a9e38 100644 --- a/dan/04/11.md +++ b/dan/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Its top reached to the heavens ... it could be seen to the ends of the whole earth This is symbolic language that exaggerates how tall and how well-known the tree was. Alternate translation: "It seemed that its top reached up to the sky and that everyone in the world could see it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/12.md b/dan/04/12.md index 27c40fbf34..6961d35d9c 100644 --- a/dan/04/12.md +++ b/dan/04/12.md @@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ # animals of the field -"wild animals in the fields." Here "the field" is places where the plants that grow there are useless to people. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:38](../02/38.md). - +"wild animals in the fields." Here "the field" is places where the plants that grow there are useless to people. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:38](../02/38.md). diff --git a/dan/04/13.md b/dan/04/13.md index a80bd0d832..209f9ad6ac 100644 --- a/dan/04/13.md +++ b/dan/04/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to seeing a dream or vision. Alternate translation: "I saw in my dre # a watcher Some versions translate this phrase as "a messenger." - diff --git a/dan/04/14.md b/dan/04/14.md index 58d266c2af..87c9a73e98 100644 --- a/dan/04/14.md +++ b/dan/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be made clear that the holy messenger was speaking to more than one perso # Let the animals flee ... from its branches "The animals will flee from under it and the bird will fly away from its branches" - diff --git a/dan/04/15.md b/dan/04/15.md index 80eb289045..e93263644d 100644 --- a/dan/04/15.md +++ b/dan/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the part of the tree that is left above the ground after a tree is cut d # dew the moisture on the ground that is found in the mornings - diff --git a/dan/04/16.md b/dan/04/16.md index c3124e1bf0..b74fa0040d 100644 --- a/dan/04/16.md +++ b/dan/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let his mind be changed ... seven years pass by Since the tree represents Nebuchadnezzar, the masculine pronouns "his" and "him" in verse 16 refer to the same tree as the neuter pronoun "it" in verse 15. Alternate translation: "The man's mind will change from a man's mind to an animal's mind for a period of seven years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/17.md b/dan/04/17.md index ab46c0186f..0177e80a41 100644 --- a/dan/04/17.md +++ b/dan/04/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrase probably refers to angels. Alternate translation: "the holy angels" # gives them "gives the kingdoms" - diff --git a/dan/04/18.md b/dan/04/18.md index eea98fa787..6a2c003351 100644 --- a/dan/04/18.md +++ b/dan/04/18.md @@ -14,4 +14,3 @@ Nebuchadnezzar believed that Daniel's power came from the false gods that Nebuch The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "will interpret the king's dream to him" or "will reveal what the king's dream means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated them in [Daniel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: "I, King Nebuchadnezzar, dreamed this. Now you, Belteshazzar, interpret it for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/19.md b/dan/04/19.md index f6e908d64e..ecd18e4f4c 100644 --- a/dan/04/19.md +++ b/dan/04/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Daniel is expressing his wish that the dream was not about Nebuchadnezzar, even # the dream ... its interpretation The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "will interpret the king's dream to him" or "will reveal what the king's dream means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/20.md b/dan/04/20.md index f0a8e0d513..4eecf4dc82 100644 --- a/dan/04/20.md +++ b/dan/04/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar ( # to the heavens ... to the ends of the whole earth These phrases are exaggerations to emphasize that everyone everywhere knew how great Nebuchadnezzar was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/21.md b/dan/04/21.md index 1cf48f70ac..9bba27e363 100644 --- a/dan/04/21.md +++ b/dan/04/21.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + Many terms in this verse are almost the same as [Daniel 4:12](../04/12.md). See how you translated that verse. # whose fruit was abundant "which bore a great amount of fruit" - diff --git a/dan/04/22.md b/dan/04/22.md index 84a8833cbe..561640d764 100644 --- a/dan/04/22.md +++ b/dan/04/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean similar things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paralleli # Your greatness has grown This phrase is using the word "grown" as a way of saying the king's greatness has increased. Alternate translation: "Your greatness has increased" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/23.md b/dan/04/23.md index bdf818f148..2bbde66316 100644 --- a/dan/04/23.md +++ b/dan/04/23.md @@ -20,5 +20,4 @@ the moisture that settles on the ground in the mornings # animals in the field -"wild animals in the fields." Here "the field" is places where the plants that grow there are useless to people. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:38](../02/38.md). - +"wild animals in the fields." Here "the field" is places where the plants that grow there are useless to people. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:38](../02/38.md). diff --git a/dan/04/24.md b/dan/04/24.md index 1fd892ece2..707344b911 100644 --- a/dan/04/24.md +++ b/dan/04/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # that has reached you "that you have heard" - diff --git a/dan/04/25.md b/dan/04/25.md index 62c35c6a60..270e91be97 100644 --- a/dan/04/25.md +++ b/dan/04/25.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Men will drive you aw # animals in the field -"wild animals in the fields." Here "the field" is places where the plants that grow there are useless to people. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:38](../02/38.md). +"wild animals in the fields." Here "the field" is places where the plants that grow there are useless to people. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:38](../02/38.md). # You will be made to eat grass This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You will eat grass" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/26.md b/dan/04/26.md index e4ba49625b..4990b9b6df 100644 --- a/dan/04/26.md +++ b/dan/04/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. # heaven rules Here "heaven" refers to God who lives in heaven. Alternate translation: "God in heaven is the ruler of all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/27.md b/dan/04/27.md index 9387fb55ef..f736fc332d 100644 --- a/dan/04/27.md +++ b/dan/04/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This nominal adjective refers to people who are oppressed. Alternate translation # it may be that your prosperity will be extended This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God may extend your prosperity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/28.md b/dan/04/28.md index 88a308e70c..ddc273da11 100644 --- a/dan/04/28.md +++ b/dan/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/29.md b/dan/04/29.md index 885c07794a..678d72010c 100644 --- a/dan/04/29.md +++ b/dan/04/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. # Twelve months "12 months" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/30.md b/dan/04/30.md index 7f7e21ad97..b8c24dae65 100644 --- a/dan/04/30.md +++ b/dan/04/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nebuchadnezzar asks this question to emphasize his own glory. This can be transl # for the glory of my majesty "to show people my honor and my greatness" - diff --git a/dan/04/31.md b/dan/04/31.md index 21f33ed679..be21464dee 100644 --- a/dan/04/31.md +++ b/dan/04/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom means the king was still in the act of speaking. Alternate translatio # King Nebuchadnezzar ... has been taken away from you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "King Nebuchadnezzar, a decree went out against you that this kingdom no longer belongs to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/32.md b/dan/04/32.md index 1233be1ef1..fec0d4e0c6 100644 --- a/dan/04/32.md +++ b/dan/04/32.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will chase you # animals in the field -"wild animals in the fields." Here "the field" is places where the plants that grow there are useless to people. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:38](../02/38.md). +"wild animals in the fields." Here "the field" is places where the plants that grow there are useless to people. See how you translated this in [Daniel 2:38](../02/38.md). # anyone he wishes "whoever he chooses" - diff --git a/dan/04/33.md b/dan/04/33.md index cbda1da259..25520d2faa 100644 --- a/dan/04/33.md +++ b/dan/04/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People chased him awa # his nails became like birds' claws "his fingernails looked like birds' claws" - diff --git a/dan/04/34.md b/dan/04/34.md index 02dbc229ac..07bb544e6d 100644 --- a/dan/04/34.md +++ b/dan/04/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The two phrases refer to the same action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parall # For his dominion is an everlasting dominion ... his kingdom endures from all generations to all generations These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasize how God's reign never ends. Alternate translation: "He rules forever and his kingdom will never end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/35.md b/dan/04/35.md index 0990de3051..2073ac1d91 100644 --- a/dan/04/35.md +++ b/dan/04/35.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ It may be helpful to add additional detail. Alternate translation: "When he deci # No one can say to him, 'Why have you done this?' This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "No one can question what he does." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/36.md b/dan/04/36.md index 2be22286df..c41f12a576 100644 --- a/dan/04/36.md +++ b/dan/04/36.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of his glo # I was brought ... greatness was given to me Here "throne" refers to his authority to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I returned to rule my kingdom again, and I received even more greatness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/37.md b/dan/04/37.md index 701c10d082..d41bc0a33f 100644 --- a/dan/04/37.md +++ b/dan/04/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All three of these words have basically the same meaning and emphasize how great # who walk in their own pride This phrase uses "walk" to refer to the person who acts proud. Alternate translation: "who are proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/04/intro.md b/dan/04/intro.md index 6d9f28a76e..dd2ebf427a 100644 --- a/dan/04/intro.md +++ b/dan/04/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # Daniel 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 4:3 and 4:34-35. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The king becomes insane +### The king becomes insane -The king became insane until he realized that Yahweh was the ruler over everyone, including him. +The king became insane until he realized that Yahweh was the ruler over everyone, including him. ## Links: * __[Daniel 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/05/01.md b/dan/05/01.md index ae25c34c88..03fcc2f8af 100644 --- a/dan/05/01.md +++ b/dan/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. (See: [[rc:/ # he drank wine in front of "he drank wine in the presence of" - diff --git a/dan/05/02.md b/dan/05/02.md index cd44c1a74d..687ee98be5 100644 --- a/dan/05/02.md +++ b/dan/05/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were cups and other items that were small enough for a person to hold and # Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken Here "Nebuchadnezzar" refers to Nebuchadnezzar's army. Alternate translation: "his father Nebuchadnezzar's army" or "the army of Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/03.md b/dan/05/03.md index 039a8a77a9..b579ce48ab 100644 --- a/dan/05/03.md +++ b/dan/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the gold containers t # out of the temple, the house of God "out of God's temple." The phrase "the house of God" tells us something more about the temple. - diff --git a/dan/05/04.md b/dan/05/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/05/04.md +++ b/dan/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/05/05.md b/dan/05/05.md index b65084a605..0b1a0bfa92 100644 --- a/dan/05/05.md +++ b/dan/05/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # plaster cement or mud that is spread on walls or ceilings to give them a smooth hard surface when it dries - diff --git a/dan/05/06.md b/dan/05/06.md index 4805ca09c9..017fb748b9 100644 --- a/dan/05/06.md +++ b/dan/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # his knees were knocking together This was the result of his extreme fear. - diff --git a/dan/05/07.md b/dan/05/07.md index 50558341c9..bef2e26149 100644 --- a/dan/05/07.md +++ b/dan/05/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Purple cloth was rare and reserved for royal officials. Alternate translation: " # the third highest ruler "the number three ruler" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/08.md b/dan/05/08.md index bbe1e18f3b..4e9c10db8b 100644 --- a/dan/05/08.md +++ b/dan/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # make known its interpretation The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated similar words in [Daniel 5:7](../05/07.md). Alternate translation: "tell what it means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/09.md b/dan/05/09.md index aebd42b7c0..01bbe12449 100644 --- a/dan/05/09.md +++ b/dan/05/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you # perplexed unable to understand, confused - diff --git a/dan/05/10.md b/dan/05/10.md index 93eb8028cc..1ca3c1f353 100644 --- a/dan/05/10.md +++ b/dan/05/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a normal way to greet the king. # Do not let the look on your face change "There is no need for your face to look so pale" - diff --git a/dan/05/11.md b/dan/05/11.md index 254a8f29eb..2bcb509edf 100644 --- a/dan/05/11.md +++ b/dan/05/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he had light and unde # educated men Or "Chaldeans." This phrase translates a word that refers to a group of men whom people thought had special knowledge. See how you translated this phrase in [Daniel 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/dan/05/12.md b/dan/05/12.md index 0de07cc9a0..88031697c8 100644 --- a/dan/05/12.md +++ b/dan/05/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this same Daniel, who # the interpretation The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "what it means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/13.md b/dan/05/13.md index 573a1140d8..7a8348abe8 100644 --- a/dan/05/13.md +++ b/dan/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then they brought Dan # whom my father the king brought out of Judah In this phrase "father" is being used to represent all of the soldiers. Alternate translation: "whom my father's soldiers brought out of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/14.md b/dan/05/14.md index 507758f7d0..089dd8583d 100644 --- a/dan/05/14.md +++ b/dan/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Belshazzar believed that Daniel's power came from the false gods that Belshazzar # light and understanding and excellent wisdom are found in you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you have light and understanding and excellent wisdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/15.md b/dan/05/15.md index 5108b61eeb..14b82928e1 100644 --- a/dan/05/15.md +++ b/dan/05/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Now the wise men ... # they could not make known to me the interpretation of the message The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "they could not interpret the message for me" or "they could not tell me what the message means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/16.md b/dan/05/16.md index 1337d2923c..943a945de8 100644 --- a/dan/05/16.md +++ b/dan/05/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Purple cloth was rare and reserved for royal officials. Alternate translation: " # the third highest ruler "the number three ruler" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/17.md b/dan/05/17.md index 1272187a72..c4673f2543 100644 --- a/dan/05/17.md +++ b/dan/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will tell you the interpretation The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you translated it in [Daniel 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "interpret it for you" or "tell you what it means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/18.md b/dan/05/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/05/18.md +++ b/dan/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/05/19.md b/dan/05/19.md index 9207292c7b..9ba0d7d60d 100644 --- a/dan/05/19.md +++ b/dan/05/19.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ These words here mean the same thing. # he humbled those he wished "he humbled those he wished to humble" - diff --git a/dan/05/20.md b/dan/05/20.md index 03567d0ed0..d5ba073c1a 100644 --- a/dan/05/20.md +++ b/dan/05/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ rudely and overly confident # he was brought down from his royal throne Here the phrase "royal throne" refers to his authority to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people took away his kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/21.md b/dan/05/21.md index aa9ad024f8..28e39d6662 100644 --- a/dan/05/21.md +++ b/dan/05/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the moisture on the ground that is found in the mornings # anyone he wishes "whomever he chooses" - diff --git a/dan/05/22.md b/dan/05/22.md index 0836d1ac35..95d63527ca 100644 --- a/dan/05/22.md +++ b/dan/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you # have not humbled your heart Here "heart" refers to Belshazzar himself. Alternate translation: "have not humbled yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/23.md b/dan/05/23.md index 07caec76e2..bec1ed9865 100644 --- a/dan/05/23.md +++ b/dan/05/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "breath" refers to life and "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate tr # all your ways "everything you do" - diff --git a/dan/05/24.md b/dan/05/24.md index 469a499c6c..e62776038a 100644 --- a/dan/05/24.md +++ b/dan/05/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this inscription was written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it wrote this message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/25.md b/dan/05/25.md index a729036dbd..25cb0def1d 100644 --- a/dan/05/25.md +++ b/dan/05/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This is the message t # Mene, Mene, Tekel, and Pharsin These are the Aramaic words that were written on the wall. Spell these words with the sounds that fit your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/26.md b/dan/05/26.md index 3da42eddb4..8e344cbc33 100644 --- a/dan/05/26.md +++ b/dan/05/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # 'Mene,' 'God has numbered "'Mene' means 'God has numbered" - diff --git a/dan/05/27.md b/dan/05/27.md index 743fd8081b..45f27a2a39 100644 --- a/dan/05/27.md +++ b/dan/05/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you are weighed in the scales and are found lacking Judging the worthiness of the king to rule is spoken of as weighing him. This means that the king is not worthy to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has examined your worthiness to rule, and he has found that you are not worthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/28.md b/dan/05/28.md index e351d379bf..7dbca4b1d8 100644 --- a/dan/05/28.md +++ b/dan/05/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the singular form of "Pharsin" in 5:25. # your kingdom is divided and is given to the Medes and Persians This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has divided your kingdom and given it to the Medes and Persians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/29.md b/dan/05/29.md index 0bc12f881d..bea1499895 100644 --- a/dan/05/29.md +++ b/dan/05/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They put a chain of g # the third highest ruler "the number three ruler" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/30.md b/dan/05/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/05/30.md +++ b/dan/05/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/05/31.md b/dan/05/31.md index c8fc82b07b..042e6180a4 100644 --- a/dan/05/31.md +++ b/dan/05/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # when he was about sixty-two years old "when he was about 62 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/dan/05/intro.md b/dan/05/intro.md index e42777fa2c..64321f10dd 100644 --- a/dan/05/intro.md +++ b/dan/05/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Daniel 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The writing on the wall +### The writing on the wall -God told the new king that he had failed and God was replacing him, showing that God is the real ruler over everything, even kingdoms that do not worship him. +God told the new king that he had failed and God was replacing him, showing that God is the real ruler over everything, even kingdoms that do not worship him. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin These are words in Aramaic. Daniel "transliterates" these words by writing them with Hebrew letters, and then he explains their meanings. In the ULB and UDB they are written with English letters. Translators are encouraged to write them using the letters of the target language alphabet. ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ These are words in Aramaic. Daniel "transliterates" these words by writing them * __[Daniel 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/06/01.md b/dan/06/01.md index 8096cce61d..03626a75b1 100644 --- a/dan/06/01.md +++ b/dan/06/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The events in this chapter take place after the Persians conquered the Babylonia # 120 provincial governors "one hundred and twenty provincial governors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/dan/06/02.md b/dan/06/02.md index 3a04b0c86f..70798aac48 100644 --- a/dan/06/02.md +++ b/dan/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the 120 provincial governors. # so that the king should suffer no loss "so that nothing should be stolen from the king" or "so that no one would steal anything from the king" - diff --git a/dan/06/03.md b/dan/06/03.md index f87f08e5a1..7175d5b865 100644 --- a/dan/06/03.md +++ b/dan/06/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ spirit that made him do better than the others # to put him over "to give him authority over" or "to put him in charge of" - diff --git a/dan/06/04.md b/dan/06/04.md index f955728709..5ddff295c5 100644 --- a/dan/06/04.md +++ b/dan/06/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They could find no mi # negligence overly looking your responsibilities - diff --git a/dan/06/05.md b/dan/06/05.md index 24df7f177f..c88ed2c704 100644 --- a/dan/06/05.md +++ b/dan/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to complain against this Daniel "to complain about Daniel" - diff --git a/dan/06/06.md b/dan/06/06.md index c4e28bc646..3f23bae25d 100644 --- a/dan/06/06.md +++ b/dan/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # may you live forever! This was a normal way to greet a king. - diff --git a/dan/06/07.md b/dan/06/07.md index 7cab286769..86530b40e7 100644 --- a/dan/06/07.md +++ b/dan/06/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your soldiers must th # den of lions This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. - diff --git a/dan/06/08.md b/dan/06/08.md index 5ccb8fbc57..e3cb16e2ba 100644 --- a/dan/06/08.md +++ b/dan/06/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "prohibition" can be translated as the verb "prohibit." See ho # cannot be repealed "cannot be canceled" - diff --git a/dan/06/09.md b/dan/06/09.md index 1402abc55c..1110e80017 100644 --- a/dan/06/09.md +++ b/dan/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the prohibition The abstract noun "prohibition" can be translated as the verb "prohibit." See how you translated "prohibition" in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "telling the people that he was prohibiting them from doing what they had been doing" or "telling people to stop doing what they had been doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/06/10.md b/dan/06/10.md index b5c75198a4..a7eef5d314 100644 --- a/dan/06/10.md +++ b/dan/06/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is background information that explains how Daniel's enemies knew he was pr # gave thanks before his God "gave thanks to his God" - diff --git a/dan/06/11.md b/dan/06/11.md index b696baad7f..f30986dee9 100644 --- a/dan/06/11.md +++ b/dan/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plot a plan with evil intent - diff --git a/dan/06/12.md b/dan/06/12.md index 96f3bf7f19..8ce48cbe72 100644 --- a/dan/06/12.md +++ b/dan/06/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated th # as directed by the law "according to the law" - diff --git a/dan/06/13.md b/dan/06/13.md index 5b781287fc..0d31542695 100644 --- a/dan/06/13.md +++ b/dan/06/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom means he ignores the king. Alternate translation: "does not obey you" # the prohibition that you have signed The abstract noun "prohibition" can be translated as the verb "prohibit." See how you translated "prohibition" in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "the decree you signed to prohibit people from doing what they had been doing" or "the decree you signed to tell people to stop doing what they had been doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/dan/06/14.md b/dan/06/14.md index b5fffee101..221de8bae8 100644 --- a/dan/06/14.md +++ b/dan/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "mind" refers to his thinking. Alternate translation: "he thought very hard # He labored This refers to mental labor, rather than to physical labor. - diff --git a/dan/06/15.md b/dan/06/15.md index 1bd43535c1..26f485a6d6 100644 --- a/dan/06/15.md +++ b/dan/06/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "prohibition" can be translated as the verb "prohibit." See ho # no prohibition ... can be changed The men were implying that since no decree or statute of the king can be changed, Daniel must be thrown into the pit of lions. This can be stated clearly if needed. Alternate translation: "no prohibition ... can be changed. Someone must throw Daniel into the pit of lions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/06/16.md b/dan/06/16.md index dafc1ff8e8..09f925f14a 100644 --- a/dan/06/16.md +++ b/dan/06/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The king is expressing his desire for God to save Daniel. # rescue you "save you from the lions" - diff --git a/dan/06/17.md b/dan/06/17.md index ea6b232f7c..311c8754ed 100644 --- a/dan/06/17.md +++ b/dan/06/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The function of the signet ring can be stated clearly. The king and the noblemen # nothing might be changed concerning Daniel "no one could help Daniel" - diff --git a/dan/06/18.md b/dan/06/18.md index 6e7ef4c475..5e45ead18e 100644 --- a/dan/06/18.md +++ b/dan/06/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He did not have anyon # sleep fled from him Sleep is spoken of as if it could run away from the king. Alternate translation: "he did not sleep at all that night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/dan/06/19.md b/dan/06/19.md index 25380dcfca..393688b8bf 100644 --- a/dan/06/19.md +++ b/dan/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lions' den This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md). - diff --git a/dan/06/20.md b/dan/06/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/06/20.md +++ b/dan/06/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/06/21.md b/dan/06/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/06/21.md +++ b/dan/06/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/06/22.md b/dan/06/22.md index 5b82e9bb33..77515dcaf3 100644 --- a/dan/06/22.md +++ b/dan/06/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He knows that I have # I have done you no harm "I have not harmed you at all" - diff --git a/dan/06/23.md b/dan/06/23.md index 80a483c269..6642a21cc6 100644 --- a/dan/06/23.md +++ b/dan/06/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated th # No harm was found on him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They did not find any wounds on Daniel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/06/24.md b/dan/06/24.md index b91375dc7a..c2544f03a0 100644 --- a/dan/06/24.md +++ b/dan/06/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # broke all their bones to pieces "crushed their bones" - diff --git a/dan/06/25.md b/dan/06/25.md index d890cc67f3..9966f11a5d 100644 --- a/dan/06/25.md +++ b/dan/06/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ King Darius wrote his message to his entire kingdom which was huge. Here it says # May peace increase for you This is a form of greeting that is used to wish someone well in all areas of life. - diff --git a/dan/06/26.md b/dan/06/26.md index e3a7d6222b..7f57ac689b 100644 --- a/dan/06/26.md +++ b/dan/06/26.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will destroy h # his dominion will last to the end "he will rule forever" - diff --git a/dan/06/27.md b/dan/06/27.md index edd809f4c8..2881ccc40d 100644 --- a/dan/06/27.md +++ b/dan/06/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he has kept Daniel safe from the strength of the lions "he has not allowed the strong lions to hurt Daniel" - diff --git a/dan/06/28.md b/dan/06/28.md index 99f33ce61d..85b72941c9 100644 --- a/dan/06/28.md +++ b/dan/06/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # during the reign of Darius and during the reign of Cyrus the Persian Cyrus the Persian was the king who ruled after Darius. - diff --git a/dan/06/intro.md b/dan/06/intro.md index 57199fd0b4..cf8639f19f 100644 --- a/dan/06/intro.md +++ b/dan/06/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,19 @@ # Daniel 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set the content of letters farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the letter in 6:25-27. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in the letter in 6:26-27. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Daniel and the lions +## Special concepts in this chapter -Daniel was thrown into the lions' den for praying to Yahweh, but Yahweh protected him and the lions did not hurt him at all. +### Daniel and the lions + +Daniel was thrown into the lions' den for praying to Yahweh, but Yahweh protected him and the lions did not hurt him at all. ## Links: * __[Daniel 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/07/01.md b/dan/07/01.md index a084acd38e..2904b71fb6 100644 --- a/dan/07/01.md +++ b/dan/07/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the name of Nebuchadnezzar's son, who became king after him. See how yo # a dream and visions The words "dream" and "visions" both refer to the same dream that is described in this chapter. Alternate translation: "visions while he was dreaming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/02.md b/dan/07/02.md index 385c7b0278..94c77178c0 100644 --- a/dan/07/02.md +++ b/dan/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # stirring up "whipped up" or "agitated" or "caused high waves in" - diff --git a/dan/07/03.md b/dan/07/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/07/03.md +++ b/dan/07/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/07/04.md b/dan/07/04.md index b64e0dbb1a..a105ae28ee 100644 --- a/dan/07/04.md +++ b/dan/07/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone tore off its # The mind of a man was given to it Here "mind" refers to thinking. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone gave it the ability to think like a human being" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/05.md b/dan/07/05.md index 68daa714f3..398dd8e73f 100644 --- a/dan/07/05.md +++ b/dan/07/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ large curved bones of the chest that connect to the spine # It was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/06.md b/dan/07/06.md index d7a1dfd67e..72f5a22b0e 100644 --- a/dan/07/06.md +++ b/dan/07/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The four wings and four heads are symbols, but their meaning is unclear. (See: [ # It was given authority to rule This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone gave it authority to rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/07.md b/dan/07/07.md index 89c2d39415..4d112f6da7 100644 --- a/dan/07/07.md +++ b/dan/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is also not an actual animal. It is a symbolic creature. (See: [[rc://en/ta # trampled underfoot "walked on and crushed" - diff --git a/dan/07/08.md b/dan/07/08.md index 32345a0dd1..110c6693d1 100644 --- a/dan/07/08.md +++ b/dan/07/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The little horn tore # a mouth that was boasting about great things Here the horn was boasting, using its mouth to do so. Alternate translation: "the horn had a mouth and boasted about doing great things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/09.md b/dan/07/09.md index bb7c533e15..8ad6c191d4 100644 --- a/dan/07/09.md +++ b/dan/07/09.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ This describes the throne of God and its wheels as if they were made of fire. Th # its wheels It is unclear why God's throne is described as having wheels. Thrones normally do not have wheels, but the text clearly states that this throne has some kind of wheels. Use a general term for "wheels" if possible. - diff --git a/dan/07/10.md b/dan/07/10.md index 0bf11203a1..26839bd90c 100644 --- a/dan/07/10.md +++ b/dan/07/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This means that God, the judge, was ready to investigate the evidence and make h # the books were opened These are the books that contain the evidence to be used in court. Alternate translation: "the books of evidence were opened" - diff --git a/dan/07/11.md b/dan/07/11.md index a733bc25d4..866679afff 100644 --- a/dan/07/11.md +++ b/dan/07/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The animal was killed because the judge determined that it was guilty. Alternate # the animal This refers to the fourth animal that had the ten horns and the horn that spoke boastfully. Alternate translation: "the most frightening animal" or "the animal that had the boastful horn" - diff --git a/dan/07/12.md b/dan/07/12.md index 9cb66f19b8..cfc162e79a 100644 --- a/dan/07/12.md +++ b/dan/07/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the judge took away t # their lives were prolonged for a period of time This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they continued to live for a period of time" or "the judge let them live a little longer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/13.md b/dan/07/13.md index b5167aa815..d8ec82bc4f 100644 --- a/dan/07/13.md +++ b/dan/07/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to God who is eternal. See how you translated this title in [Daniel # was presented before him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they presented this son of man to the Ancient of Days" or "he stood before him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/14.md b/dan/07/14.md index 11cf1498ba..7eba7ab981 100644 --- a/dan/07/14.md +++ b/dan/07/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paralleli # that will never be destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that no one will ever destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/15.md b/dan/07/15.md index 744e0c08ae..bede9588f8 100644 --- a/dan/07/15.md +++ b/dan/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases describe how Daniel was feeling. The second one gives more inf # my spirit was grieved inside of me Here "my spirit" refers to Daniel himself. Alternate translation: "I was very sad inside" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/16.md b/dan/07/16.md index a505db701f..e7727c22f9 100644 --- a/dan/07/16.md +++ b/dan/07/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "interpretation" can be translated as a verb. See how you tran # these things "the things I had seen" - diff --git a/dan/07/17.md b/dan/07/17.md index 9319b320cb..a938419df5 100644 --- a/dan/07/17.md +++ b/dan/07/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # four kings that will arise from the earth Here "from the earth" means they are real people. Alternate translation: "four kings who will come to power on the earth" or "four men who will rise up from among the people of the earth and become kings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/18.md b/dan/07/18.md index 80240607d9..1a59b3a51e 100644 --- a/dan/07/18.md +++ b/dan/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # forever and ever This repetition of ideas emphasizes that this kingdom will never come to an end. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/19.md b/dan/07/19.md index 04587ca29e..e77690e69e 100644 --- a/dan/07/19.md +++ b/dan/07/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # trampled on "walked on and crushed" - diff --git a/dan/07/20.md b/dan/07/20.md index 7af905d39c..17ea2afa6a 100644 --- a/dan/07/20.md +++ b/dan/07/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "fell down" is a euphemism that means they were destroyed." Alternate trans # that seemed greater than its companions the horn with the eyes and a mouth seemed to be greater than the other horns - diff --git a/dan/07/21.md b/dan/07/21.md index 42daa11d16..9f027361ef 100644 --- a/dan/07/21.md +++ b/dan/07/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this horn "this fourth horn." This refers to the horn that is described in [Daniel 7:20](../07/20.md). - diff --git a/dan/07/22.md b/dan/07/22.md index 2f3501ff10..a1601ecd12 100644 --- a/dan/07/22.md +++ b/dan/07/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until the Ancient of # Ancient of Days This is a title for God that emphasizes that he is eternal. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md). - diff --git a/dan/07/23.md b/dan/07/23.md index 3829b6ab1f..82951809e3 100644 --- a/dan/07/23.md +++ b/dan/07/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the person that Daniel approached in [Daniel 7:16](../07/16.md). # It will devour ... it into pieces This does not mean the fourth kingdom will destroy the planet, but that it will brutally attack, conquer, and destroy all other kingdoms on earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/24.md b/dan/07/24.md index 08250cce93..7a65197d1a 100644 --- a/dan/07/24.md +++ b/dan/07/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This other king is not one of the ten. It may be helpful to refer to him as "the # he will subdue the three kings He will defeat three of the original ten kings. It may be helpful to state that those three kings are represented by the three horns that were pulled out. Alternate translation: "he will defeat the three kings that were represented by the three horns that were pulled out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/25.md b/dan/07/25.md index 12ee4948e9..712bbb4839 100644 --- a/dan/07/25.md +++ b/dan/07/25.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "his hand" refers to his control. This can be stated in active form. Altern # one year, two years, and half a year This means "three and half years." This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. Try to translate it in a way that preserves this way of counting. Alternate translation: "one year plus two years plus six months" - diff --git a/dan/07/26.md b/dan/07/26.md index 289fa7d65f..54ae2e6a8d 100644 --- a/dan/07/26.md +++ b/dan/07/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This, here, refers to "authority." See how you translated this in [Daniel 7:14]( # to be consumed and destroyed at the end This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and consume and destroy it in the end" or "and completely destroy his royal power in the end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/07/27.md b/dan/07/27.md index 0b9847d710..990e748f09 100644 --- a/dan/07/27.md +++ b/dan/07/27.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The idiom "under the whole heaven" refers to the kingdoms on earth. Alternate tr # an everlasting kingdom "a kingdom that will exist forever" or "a kingdom that will never end" - diff --git a/dan/07/28.md b/dan/07/28.md index f2e438e633..9290daa99c 100644 --- a/dan/07/28.md +++ b/dan/07/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that Daniel has finished describing the vision. Alternate translation # my face changed in appearance "my face became pale" - diff --git a/dan/07/intro.md b/dan/07/intro.md index 6f52aa11de..77298bee3c 100644 --- a/dan/07/intro.md +++ b/dan/07/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ # Daniel 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 7:9-10, 13-14, and 23-27. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### The four beasts +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The four beasts There will be four successive kingdoms before Yahweh sets up his eternal kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) -#### The Son of Man +### The Son of Man God will give the Son of Man an eternal kingdom and he will judge people from the books. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ God will give the Son of Man an eternal kingdom and he will judge people from th * __[Daniel 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/08/01.md b/dan/08/01.md index 617ab4c51d..392b209fdc 100644 --- a/dan/08/01.md +++ b/dan/08/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you # had a vision appear to me (after the one ... first) This is background information to remind the reader that this is Daniel's second vision. Alternate translation: "had a second vision appear to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/02.md b/dan/08/02.md index aa3a21d3d8..c30abba6ca 100644 --- a/dan/08/02.md +++ b/dan/08/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Canal A canal is a narrow man-made waterway. - diff --git a/dan/08/03.md b/dan/08/03.md index 775b4d73f4..26edc51583 100644 --- a/dan/08/03.md +++ b/dan/08/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is normal for rams to have two horns. These horns, however, have symbolic mea # but the longer ... passed up in length by it "but the longer one grew more slowly than the shorter one, and the shorter one grew to be even longer than it" - diff --git a/dan/08/04.md b/dan/08/04.md index c49efe045d..e53ff04fae 100644 --- a/dan/08/04.md +++ b/dan/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to rescue anyone out of his hand Rams do not have hands. Here "hand" refers to the ram's power. Alternate translation: "to rescue anyone from him" or "to rescue anyone from his power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/05.md b/dan/08/05.md index eac9a78565..d3e2db23f9 100644 --- a/dan/08/05.md +++ b/dan/08/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "the whole earth" is an exaggeration that means he came from far away # The goat had a large horn between his eyes Goats have two horns on the sides of their heads. This image should be explained. Alternate translation: "The goat had a single large horn in the center of his head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/06.md b/dan/08/06.md index dcc5a9b768..20cb0df950 100644 --- a/dan/08/06.md +++ b/dan/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in a powerful rage "and it was very angry" - diff --git a/dan/08/07.md b/dan/08/07.md index d32c9f7df3..0c0c238f01 100644 --- a/dan/08/07.md +++ b/dan/08/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ to crush something by stepping on it # the ram from his power "the ram from the goat because of his power" - diff --git a/dan/08/08.md b/dan/08/08.md index 1776947cfc..03e086d4fa 100644 --- a/dan/08/08.md +++ b/dan/08/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "something broke off t # toward the four winds of the heavens Here "the four winds of heaven" is an idiom that refers to the four main directions (north, east, south, west) from which the winds blow. Alternate translation: "in four different directions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/09.md b/dan/08/09.md index 49d5c5c40f..b484816293 100644 --- a/dan/08/09.md +++ b/dan/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but which grew exceedingly large toward "but which became very large" or "but which pointed itself toward." This is probably a metonym for the goat, which is a metaphor for a king or nation, ruling powerfully over the lands to the south and east and over the Beautiful Land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/10.md b/dan/08/10.md index be67aa8ef4..ff7ed43ca2 100644 --- a/dan/08/10.md +++ b/dan/08/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: The horn threw some of # it trampled on them Here the horn is given qualities of a person that tramples on the stars and on the army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/11.md b/dan/08/11.md index 6622507fbc..09c3a56578 100644 --- a/dan/08/11.md +++ b/dan/08/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "took away" means the horn stopped the offering. Here "him" refers to God, # the place of his sanctuary was polluted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it defiled his sanctuary" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/12.md b/dan/08/12.md index 5f32d355b4..b5d31993de 100644 --- a/dan/08/12.md +++ b/dan/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The horn will throw truth down to the ground The horn ignoring truth and godliness is spoken of as if it will throw truth to the ground. Alternate translation: "The horn will reject the truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/13.md b/dan/08/13.md index 30fd7fccb3..16654f7178 100644 --- a/dan/08/13.md +++ b/dan/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # heaven's army being trampled on This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the horn trampling on heaven's army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/14.md b/dan/08/14.md index 7e1c1a32d5..1d43a905cd 100644 --- a/dan/08/14.md +++ b/dan/08/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the sanctuary will be restored "the temple will be purified and set in order again" - diff --git a/dan/08/15.md b/dan/08/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/08/15.md +++ b/dan/08/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/08/16.md b/dan/08/16.md index 8468ebe594..4764561832 100644 --- a/dan/08/16.md +++ b/dan/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here a man is being referred to by his voice. Alternate translation: "a man call # Ulai Canal A canal is a narrow man-made waterway. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 8:2](../08/02.md). - diff --git a/dan/08/17.md b/dan/08/17.md index 8e12882fc5..fe77a005a9 100644 --- a/dan/08/17.md +++ b/dan/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an act of worship in which someone lies flat on the ground. (See: [[rc:/ # the time of the end "the final days" or "the end of the world." This does not refer to the final moment in time, but rather to the events that will happen immediately before the end. - diff --git a/dan/08/18.md b/dan/08/18.md index 7e8e19823c..9aeb9f9494 100644 --- a/dan/08/18.md +++ b/dan/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a deep sleep This is a type of sleep when someone is sleeping heavily and does not wake up easily. - diff --git a/dan/08/19.md b/dan/08/19.md index f93dc4cd07..4f36b20a40 100644 --- a/dan/08/19.md +++ b/dan/08/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the time when God will judge. This can be made explicit. Alternat # the appointed time for the end "the time when the world will end" - diff --git a/dan/08/20.md b/dan/08/20.md index aaeddab3ea..bba51e7522 100644 --- a/dan/08/20.md +++ b/dan/08/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things # the kings of Media and Persia These words could either 1) refer to the literal kings of Media and Persia or 2) be a metonym in which the kings represents the kingdoms of Media and Persia. Alternate translation: "the kingdoms of Media and Persia" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/21.md b/dan/08/21.md index 257ee4bf5f..ddb474e07a 100644 --- a/dan/08/21.md +++ b/dan/08/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words could be 1) a literal reference to the king of Greece or 2) a metony # The large horn between his eyes is "The large horn between his eyes represents" - diff --git a/dan/08/22.md b/dan/08/22.md index 6d40e3df8a..a588846eed 100644 --- a/dan/08/22.md +++ b/dan/08/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The four horns represent the four new kingdoms. This can be made explicit. Alter # but not with his great power "but they will not have as much power as the king represented by the large horn" - diff --git a/dan/08/23.md b/dan/08/23.md index f004eb2254..9db13583b8 100644 --- a/dan/08/23.md +++ b/dan/08/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # grim-faced This means someone who looks defiant, or like he will refuse to obey. - diff --git a/dan/08/24.md b/dan/08/24.md index b777710975..3300a38a95 100644 --- a/dan/08/24.md +++ b/dan/08/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things # but not by his own power "but someone else will give him his power" - diff --git a/dan/08/25.md b/dan/08/25.md index 04c7fb6825..b7298db90d 100644 --- a/dan/08/25.md +++ b/dan/08/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "he" refers to his power. Alternate translation: "his rule will end" (See: # not by any human hand Here "hand" refers to power. This can be also stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "not by any human power" or "by divine power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/26.md b/dan/08/26.md index 2a4cc0a068..2abeb08117 100644 --- a/dan/08/26.md +++ b/dan/08/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel continues to instruct Daniel about the visions that Daniel saw. # seal up the vision The angel speaks about the vision as if it were a scroll that could be closed with a wax seal. This prevented anyone from seeing the contents until the seal was broken. Alternate translation: "close and seal up what you have written about the vision" or "do not tell anyone about the vision now" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/08/27.md b/dan/08/27.md index df5ca5f8d8..ddbf4ea0b9 100644 --- a/dan/08/27.md +++ b/dan/08/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I was astounded by the vision "I was dismayed by the vision" or "I was very confused by the vision" - diff --git a/dan/08/intro.md b/dan/08/intro.md index 90f73eafa6..eefb84dd40 100644 --- a/dan/08/intro.md +++ b/dan/08/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Daniel 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The vision of the ram and the male goat +### The vision of the ram and the male goat Although specific interpretation of this vision is not given, most scholars believe Daniel saw Greece overthrowing Media-Persia before breaking up into four kingdoms. One of these kingdoms stopped the temple worship for a while and then it was restored. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Although specific interpretation of this vision is not given, most scholars beli * __[Daniel 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/09/01.md b/dan/09/01.md index b1f7c4d940..ede2848375 100644 --- a/dan/09/01.md +++ b/dan/09/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who became king over # over the kingdom Or "over the country" - diff --git a/dan/09/02.md b/dan/09/02.md index 05b6f17fe0..7af16ca2a2 100644 --- a/dan/09/02.md +++ b/dan/09/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # there would be seventy years until Jerusalem's desolations would end "from the time Jerusalem was destroyed, it would remain in ruins for 70 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/03.md b/dan/09/03.md index 5ed591453f..f4deda6ec3 100644 --- a/dan/09/03.md +++ b/dan/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Those who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are litera # fasting, wearing sackcloth, and sitting in ashes These are symbolic acts of repentance and sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/04.md b/dan/09/04.md index 4e7c2398b1..9f9eafbbe6 100644 --- a/dan/09/04.md +++ b/dan/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase translates a word that shows that the speaker is helpless and is beg # you are the one who keeps the covenant and is faithful to love those "you do what what you said you would do in your covenant, and you faithfully love those" - diff --git a/dan/09/05.md b/dan/09/05.md index 60cd351eb5..7b530411e6 100644 --- a/dan/09/05.md +++ b/dan/09/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[r # your commands and decrees The words "commands" and "decrees" share similar meanings and refer to the whole law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/06.md b/dan/09/06.md index 54573ceb68..84b13528f2 100644 --- a/dan/09/06.md +++ b/dan/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" refers to God's authority. Alternate translation: "spoke with your a # the people of the land Here "land" refers to Israel. Alternate translation: "the Israelite people" - diff --git a/dan/09/07.md b/dan/09/07.md index d0f3bb68e2..f4e7ed3e56 100644 --- a/dan/09/07.md +++ b/dan/09/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This idiom means their shame is visible to all. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # because of the faithless deeds that we committed against you "because we were very unfaithful to you" - diff --git a/dan/09/08.md b/dan/09/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/09/08.md +++ b/dan/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/09/09.md b/dan/09/09.md index 35255cb569..358f56022a 100644 --- a/dan/09/09.md +++ b/dan/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Daniel continues praying to the Lord about the people of Israel. # To the Lord our God belong compassion and forgiveness Having these traits is spoken of as if they belonged to the Lord. Alternate translation: "The Lord our God is compassionate and forgives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/10.md b/dan/09/10.md index c61dfbb8f1..38c94a349c 100644 --- a/dan/09/10.md +++ b/dan/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh our God Here "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: "We have not obeyed what Yahweh told us to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/11.md b/dan/09/11.md index bb2a48f5ea..93bc74fcc4 100644 --- a/dan/09/11.md +++ b/dan/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Moses wrote abou # have been poured out on us The abundance of the curse and the oath are spoken of as if they were poured out like water. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you have brought upon us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/12.md b/dan/09/12.md index 7c2a783c7f..759b8dce25 100644 --- a/dan/09/12.md +++ b/dan/09/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "For in the whole world" (See: [[rc://e # what has been done to Jerusalem This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what you have done to Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/13.md b/dan/09/13.md index 188020c366..1f3cc9c615 100644 --- a/dan/09/13.md +++ b/dan/09/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "As Moses wrote in the # turning away from our iniquities Here stopping evil activity is spoken of as turning away from them. Alternate translation: "stopping our evil actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/14.md b/dan/09/14.md index 2ed0aae4b0..b1e108c628 100644 --- a/dan/09/14.md +++ b/dan/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we have not obeyed his voice Here "voice" refers to the things that Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: "we have not done what he told us to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/15.md b/dan/09/15.md index f0af288467..8f907dec9a 100644 --- a/dan/09/15.md +++ b/dan/09/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two clauses mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasi # we sinned; we have done wicked things Daniel and Israel sinned and did wicked things, but "we" does not include God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/16.md b/dan/09/16.md index b0a6c4abe7..06465c928f 100644 --- a/dan/09/16.md +++ b/dan/09/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "our" refers to Daniel and Israel, but not to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # an object of mockery "something that people will mock" or "something for which people will mock us" - diff --git a/dan/09/17.md b/dan/09/17.md index 565125c937..7cfc5f2ccb 100644 --- a/dan/09/17.md +++ b/dan/09/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably as if Yahweh's face shone a light. # your sanctuary This refers to the temple in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/dan/09/18.md b/dan/09/18.md index 07b76f9734..1bccf4f2dd 100644 --- a/dan/09/18.md +++ b/dan/09/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To "open the eyes" is an idiom that means to see. These two phrases means the sa # is called by your name Here "name" represents ownership. Alternate translation: "is your city" or "belongs to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/19.md b/dan/09/19.md index fd556fb134..12a75c5913 100644 --- a/dan/09/19.md +++ b/dan/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not delay This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "act quickly" - diff --git a/dan/09/20.md b/dan/09/20.md index 134b1e804d..265f66d5a4 100644 --- a/dan/09/20.md +++ b/dan/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my people Israel "the people of Israel to whom I belong" - diff --git a/dan/09/21.md b/dan/09/21.md index 4ef1d3291e..8fe6f25b54 100644 --- a/dan/09/21.md +++ b/dan/09/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This may refer to the first vision that Daniel had while he was awake. Alternate # at the time of the evening sacrifice The Jewish people sacrificed to God each evening just before the sun went down. - diff --git a/dan/09/22.md b/dan/09/22.md index 16518bf582..c68e256917 100644 --- a/dan/09/22.md +++ b/dan/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # insight and understanding The words "insight" and "understanding" mean the same thing and emphasize that Gabriel will help Daniel to understand the message completely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/23.md b/dan/09/23.md index eb5052231b..fb0a2b31de 100644 --- a/dan/09/23.md +++ b/dan/09/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God gave the order" ( # the revelation This refers back to the prophesy of Jeremiah in [Daniel 9:2](../09/02.md). - diff --git a/dan/09/24.md b/dan/09/24.md index 63de9d1d0d..0535cbd6d6 100644 --- a/dan/09/24.md +++ b/dan/09/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "carry out" is an idiom that means to accomplish. Alternate translation: "t # the vision and the prophecy These words in this context mean the same thing. They ensure Daniel that Jeremiah's vision was indeed a prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/25.md b/dan/09/25.md index 8f1e97e3e9..9cbe15dc3b 100644 --- a/dan/09/25.md +++ b/dan/09/25.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ a deep ditch around a city or building, usually with water in it # the times of distress "a time of great trouble" - diff --git a/dan/09/26.md b/dan/09/26.md index 5926ec4c7d..43e20e2c64 100644 --- a/dan/09/26.md +++ b/dan/09/26.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The army will destroy the city and the holy place just as a flood destroys thing # Desolations have been decreed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has decreed ruin for the city and sanctuary" or "God has declared that the enemy army will destroy everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/27.md b/dan/09/27.md index ae25630efc..02a9a6c9dd 100644 --- a/dan/09/27.md +++ b/dan/09/27.md @@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ The abstract noun "destruction" can be translated using the verb "destroy." Here # the one who has made the desolation The abstract noun "desolation" can be translated using a verb or an adjective. You may need to make explicit that Daniel is speaking of the "desolation" of the holy place in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "the person who made the holy place desolate" or "the person who destroyed the holy place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/09/intro.md b/dan/09/intro.md index cc2db6006c..fa541612ea 100644 --- a/dan/09/intro.md +++ b/dan/09/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Daniel 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Daniel told the future -#### Daniel told the future Gabriel told Daniel a prophecy that Jerusalem would be rebuilt. Then later an anointed person would be killed and the worship at the temple stopped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -#### The unusual expression of numbers in 9:24-26 +### The unusual expression of numbers in 9:24-26 This passage uses the expressions "seventy sevens of years," "seven sevens and sixty-two sevens," and "sixty-two sevens of years" to denote "490 years," "49 years and then 434 years," and "434 years," respectively. The original language uses the idea of a "week" to express the idea of a group of sevens, but these numbers are clearly meant to denote years, not weeks. Most translators should use the ways normal in their languages to express these numbers. @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This passage uses the expressions "seventy sevens of years," "seven sevens and s * __[Daniel 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/10/01.md b/dan/10/01.md index c78b4edb86..40a8bc2fca 100644 --- a/dan/10/01.md +++ b/dan/10/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can also be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "God revealed # insight the ability to understand more than what can be seen - diff --git a/dan/10/02.md b/dan/10/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/10/02.md +++ b/dan/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/10/03.md b/dan/10/03.md index 246c7454ad..db48e3add2 100644 --- a/dan/10/03.md +++ b/dan/10/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are expensive or rare kinds of food. Alternate translation: "fancy foods" # until the completion of three entire weeks "until the end of three entire weeks" - diff --git a/dan/10/04.md b/dan/10/04.md index 748e9b5e23..6ec195c75a 100644 --- a/dan/10/04.md +++ b/dan/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # On the twenty-fourth day of the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near the middle of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/dan/10/05.md b/dan/10/05.md index e169a6cd40..87f0af8b25 100644 --- a/dan/10/05.md +++ b/dan/10/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Uphaz Uphaz is a place. Its location is not known (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/dan/10/06.md b/dan/10/06.md index 8573122517..cd24dfa1f1 100644 --- a/dan/10/06.md +++ b/dan/10/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ His arms and feet were as shiny as if they were made of polished bronze. Alterna # The sound of his words was like the sound of a great crowd His voice was so loud that it was as if a crowd of people were all talking loudly. Alternate translation: "his voice was as loud as a huge crowd all calling out together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/dan/10/07.md b/dan/10/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/10/07.md +++ b/dan/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/10/08.md b/dan/10/08.md index c029a995a7..c1674d667d 100644 --- a/dan/10/08.md +++ b/dan/10/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This describes the face of someone who is healthy. Alternate translation: "my he # a ruined look Someone's unhealthy, pale face is spoken of as if it were a ruined building. Alternate translation: "pale" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/10/09.md b/dan/10/09.md index b3a6f6f53d..7435161519 100644 --- a/dan/10/09.md +++ b/dan/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I fell on my face in deep sleep Possible meanings are: 1) Daniel was so scared by what he saw that he deliberately lay on the ground, where he then fainted or 2) Daniel fainted and then fell forward onto the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/10/10.md b/dan/10/10.md index 6265affe16..5bc4af610d 100644 --- a/dan/10/10.md +++ b/dan/10/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A hand touched me Here a person's hand represents that person, probably the man whom Daniel saw in [Daniel 10:5](../10/05.md). Alternate translation: "Someone touched me with his hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/dan/10/11.md b/dan/10/11.md index 822363fca8..9253b61b78 100644 --- a/dan/10/11.md +++ b/dan/10/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Daniel, precious man "Daniel, you who are precious to God" - diff --git a/dan/10/12.md b/dan/10/12.md index e72f9adfc8..018be3ed11 100644 --- a/dan/10/12.md +++ b/dan/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your words were heard This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "God heard your words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/10/13.md b/dan/10/13.md index ba25fa342c..74c396d344 100644 --- a/dan/10/13.md +++ b/dan/10/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This probably refers to the various kings who ruled over nations in the Persian # Michael, one of the chief princes "Michael, on of the chief angels" or "Michael, one of the archangels" - diff --git a/dan/10/14.md b/dan/10/14.md index 2a18ab6e76..6b6f8921f4 100644 --- a/dan/10/14.md +++ b/dan/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The angel continues speaking to Daniel. - diff --git a/dan/10/15.md b/dan/10/15.md index 7fdc3bb041..3ebddba917 100644 --- a/dan/10/15.md +++ b/dan/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I turned my face toward the ground "I looked at the ground." Daniel may have done this to show humble reverence, or because he was afraid. - diff --git a/dan/10/16.md b/dan/10/16.md index 4e077cc7d2..8cae4fb47e 100644 --- a/dan/10/16.md +++ b/dan/10/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this expression refers to human beings in general. Alternate translation: " # agony severe emotional suffering - diff --git a/dan/10/17.md b/dan/10/17.md index c5ec795377..2735d28f5b 100644 --- a/dan/10/17.md +++ b/dan/10/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Daniel asks this question meaning that he cannot speak to the angel because he i # there is no breath left in me This idiom refers to breathing. Alternate translation: "I cannot breathe" or "it's very hard to breathe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/10/18.md b/dan/10/18.md index bf1e02f206..0ec51ebc48 100644 --- a/dan/10/18.md +++ b/dan/10/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one with an appearance of a man "the one who looked like a human" - diff --git a/dan/10/19.md b/dan/10/19.md index 09ecfeded0..83e8edc1e5 100644 --- a/dan/10/19.md +++ b/dan/10/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "be strong" are repeated for emphasis. # I was strengthened This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I became strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/10/20.md b/dan/10/20.md index 6129390138..9f9abb1ea7 100644 --- a/dan/10/20.md +++ b/dan/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the prince of Persia Here "prince" refers to a spirit who rules and guards a human nation. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 10:13](../10/13.md). Alternate translation: "the spirit prince of Persia" - diff --git a/dan/10/21.md b/dan/10/21.md index 89dc263dca..fec1528eee 100644 --- a/dan/10/21.md +++ b/dan/10/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "your" is plural. It refers to Daniel and the rest of the people of Isr # Michael your prince "Michael your guardian angel." Translate "prince" when it refers to Michael as you did [Daniel 10:13](../10/13.md). - diff --git a/dan/10/intro.md b/dan/10/intro.md index f3e8735ef9..c060b31e00 100644 --- a/dan/10/intro.md +++ b/dan/10/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Daniel 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins a section where Daniel is given a prophecy about the future from an angel. This section continues for the remainder of the book. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter begins a section where Daniel is given a prophecy about the future * __[Daniel 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/11/01.md b/dan/11/01.md index 932d40712d..7c66fc33e8 100644 --- a/dan/11/01.md +++ b/dan/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In Daniel 11:1 through 12:4, the one who was speaking to Daniel in chapter 10 te # In the first year of Darius Darius was the King of the Medes. "The first year" refers to the first year that he was king. Alternate translation: "In the first year of the reign of Darius" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/02.md b/dan/11/02.md index c3b4a93982..a7a147f2c7 100644 --- a/dan/11/02.md +++ b/dan/11/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) authority or 2) military power. # he will stir up everyone "he will cause everyone to want to fight" - diff --git a/dan/11/03.md b/dan/11/03.md index 92090871dc..7f2148d533 100644 --- a/dan/11/03.md +++ b/dan/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idea of rising up or standing is often used for someone who becomes powerful # who will rule a very great kingdom Possible meanings are 1) that the size of this kingdom would be very great, or 2) that the king would rule his kingdom with very great power. - diff --git a/dan/11/04.md b/dan/11/04.md index af3d8ce804..0053223cde 100644 --- a/dan/11/04.md +++ b/dan/11/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The idea of not being divided and shared out is implied here. Alternate translat # his kingdom will be uprooted for others besides his descendants The kingdom is spoken of as if it were a plant that someone destroyed by uprooting it. This idea can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "another power will uproot and destroy his kingdom and others who are not his descendants will rule over it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/05.md b/dan/11/05.md index c2f0f6c1e1..bab51f61aa 100644 --- a/dan/11/05.md +++ b/dan/11/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel continues speaking to Daniel. # His dominion will be a great dominion "His kingdom will be a great kingdom" or "He will rule over a great kingdom." Some English versions understand this "dominion" to be a kingdom other than the kingdom of the South, but others understand it to be the kingdom of the South. - diff --git a/dan/11/06.md b/dan/11/06.md index c33eec7da1..f8852bcd4d 100644 --- a/dan/11/06.md +++ b/dan/11/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "arm" stands for power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # She will be abandoned This appears to refer to a plot to kill her and those who made the alliance. This phrase may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "They will abandon her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/07.md b/dan/11/07.md index 7aa321b748..7fc004fe9d 100644 --- a/dan/11/07.md +++ b/dan/11/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "he" refers to her descendant, and here it also refers to his army. Alt # He will fight them Here "them" represents the soldiers of the enemy army. Alternate translation: "He will fight the enemy soldiers" - diff --git a/dan/11/08.md b/dan/11/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/11/08.md +++ b/dan/11/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/11/09.md b/dan/11/09.md index 068584f330..3f94a3a9a8 100644 --- a/dan/11/09.md +++ b/dan/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but he will withdraw The word "he" refers to the king of the North. - diff --git a/dan/11/10.md b/dan/11/10.md index 8afc65dd97..f927dad525 100644 --- a/dan/11/10.md +++ b/dan/11/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The angel continues speaking to Daniel. # will flood everything The way the large army covers the land will be like a flood of water. Alternate translation: "will be so great in number that they will cover all the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/11.md b/dan/11/11.md index 78e5694f1d..d78c87424a 100644 --- a/dan/11/11.md +++ b/dan/11/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The angel continues speaking to Daniel. # the army will be given into his hand Here "hand" represents the control of the king of the South. Alternate translation: "the king will surrender the army to the king of the South" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/12.md b/dan/11/12.md index 24f1d24893..7212410c4f 100644 --- a/dan/11/12.md +++ b/dan/11/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here falling represents dying in battle. Alternate translation: "will have his a # tens of thousands "many thousands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/13.md b/dan/11/13.md index acadbbb6a2..ddd8b99593 100644 --- a/dan/11/13.md +++ b/dan/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel continues speaking to Daniel. # a great army supplied with much equipment This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a great army that has much equipment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/14.md b/dan/11/14.md index e238ca77ff..b0bb74eb26 100644 --- a/dan/11/14.md +++ b/dan/11/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this speaks of the literal children of that society's v # they will stumble Here stumbling represents failing. Alternate translation: "they will not succeed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/15.md b/dan/11/15.md index eb33b4a456..74f91ca7fa 100644 --- a/dan/11/15.md +++ b/dan/11/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ walls and other things built to defend a city or fort from enemy soldiers # will not be able to stand Here standing represents the ability to fight. Alternate translation: "will not be able to keep fighting against them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/16.md b/dan/11/16.md index 46c55d5ebf..bc46f5b866 100644 --- a/dan/11/16.md +++ b/dan/11/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the land of Israel. See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:9](. # destruction will be in his hand Here "destruction" represents the power to destroy. Also, the power to destroy is spoken of as if it were something that someone could hold in his hand. Alternate translation: "he will have power to destroy anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/17.md b/dan/11/17.md index 1561c4ccb9..30a64a5cb9 100644 --- a/dan/11/17.md +++ b/dan/11/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This probably refers to military power. Alternate translation: "come with the fo # a daughter of women This is an elegant way of saying "a woman." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/18.md b/dan/11/18.md index e074f80a2b..d4b3f84025 100644 --- a/dan/11/18.md +++ b/dan/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will cause his contempt to turn back upon him "will cause the king of the North to suffer because he was arrogant toward others" - diff --git a/dan/11/19.md b/dan/11/19.md index dac5437a17..747b3443ce 100644 --- a/dan/11/19.md +++ b/dan/11/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he will not be found This is a way of saying that he will die. This idea can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will disappear" or "he will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/20.md b/dan/11/20.md index daf3a2558b..a9df254005 100644 --- a/dan/11/20.md +++ b/dan/11/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "he" refers to the new king. Being broken represents dying. Alternate trans # but not in anger Possible meanings are 1) no one was angry at the king, or 2) that the occasion and cause of the king's death were kept secret. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/21.md b/dan/11/21.md index 8cd6db9c09..15caa47ad1 100644 --- a/dan/11/21.md +++ b/dan/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a despised person to whom the people will not have given the honor of royal power The people will refuse to acknowledge him as king because he is not a descendant of kings. Alternate translation: "a person whom the people will despise and will not honor as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/22.md b/dan/11/22.md index b49b73ddde..cdbc52a3cf 100644 --- a/dan/11/22.md +++ b/dan/11/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He will destroy that # the leader of the covenant "the leader of the priests." This phrase refers to the person who filled the most important religious position that God required in his covenant, that of the high priest. - diff --git a/dan/11/23.md b/dan/11/23.md index 42bc07817b..e2265b3419 100644 --- a/dan/11/23.md +++ b/dan/11/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel continues speaking to Daniel. # From the time an alliance is made with him This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When other rulers make a peace treaty with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/24.md b/dan/11/24.md index 9da5796ccf..18f643251e 100644 --- a/dan/11/24.md +++ b/dan/11/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the booty, the plunder, and the wealth "the valuable things that he and his army take from the people they defeat" - diff --git a/dan/11/25.md b/dan/11/25.md index 28ee7854d6..9a4ece9ae0 100644 --- a/dan/11/25.md +++ b/dan/11/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Some modern translations read, "with a large and extremely mighty army." # he will not stand Not standing represents being defeated. Alternate translation: "the king of the South will be defeated" or "his army will be defeated" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/26.md b/dan/11/26.md index 76cde51595..c2b2ac6ff6 100644 --- a/dan/11/26.md +++ b/dan/11/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the severe defeat of an army is spoken of as a flood of water that complete # many of them will fall killed Here "fall" is an idiom that refers to dying in battle, so "fall" and "killed" mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "many of his soldiers will die in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/27.md b/dan/11/27.md index 87161325fb..a7b0efd0a5 100644 --- a/dan/11/27.md +++ b/dan/11/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Sitting at the same table represents the act of talking to each other. (See: [[r # For the end will come at the time that has been fixed This tells why their meetings will not be successful. Alternate translation: "The result of their actions will only come at the time that God has fixed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/28.md b/dan/11/28.md index cc9b7ee902..9d727421b4 100644 --- a/dan/11/28.md +++ b/dan/11/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "holy" describes God's covenant with Israel. It implies that the covenant s # He will act This implies that the king will do certain actions in Israel. Alternate translation: "He will do what he wants to in Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/29.md b/dan/11/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/dan/11/29.md +++ b/dan/11/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/dan/11/30.md b/dan/11/30.md index 587826fef6..1125c98942 100644 --- a/dan/11/30.md +++ b/dan/11/30.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Some modern translations read, "act in his fury against the holy covenant." # show favor to those "act in favor for those" or "help those" - diff --git a/dan/11/31.md b/dan/11/31.md index 43b631d443..56f1bbf3f1 100644 --- a/dan/11/31.md +++ b/dan/11/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They will prevent people from offering it. Alternate translation: "They will sto # the abomination that causes desolation This refers to an idol that will make the temple desolate, that is, that will cause God to leave his temple. Alternate translation: "the disgusting idol that will cause God to abandon the temple" or "the disgusting thing that will make the temple unclean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/32.md b/dan/11/32.md index cd3e97e6d0..8ebab92244 100644 --- a/dan/11/32.md +++ b/dan/11/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "know" means "be faithful." Alternate translation: "who are faithful to the # will be strong and will take action "will be firm and resist them" - diff --git a/dan/11/33.md b/dan/11/33.md index 6bd771f4f5..e6d7687f89 100644 --- a/dan/11/33.md +++ b/dan/11/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the wise persons among the Israelites. # they will stumble into captivity and into being robbed for days Here "stumble" is a metaphor that represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. The phrase "being robbed" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will become slaves and their enemies will rob them of their possessions for days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/34.md b/dan/11/34.md index fb0f69e659..4320ecc92b 100644 --- a/dan/11/34.md +++ b/dan/11/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to other people who will pretend to help the wise persons, but not b # will join themselves Here "join themselves" represents "come to help." Alternate translation: "will come to help them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/35.md b/dan/11/35.md index 400421dcd1..895779efaf 100644 --- a/dan/11/35.md +++ b/dan/11/35.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ This idea is very similar to refining, discussed earlier. Metal that is refined # the appointed time is still to come Here "appointed time" implies that God has set the time. This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has set the time in the future" - diff --git a/dan/11/36.md b/dan/11/36.md index 43d00e7ef9..78fa6f752c 100644 --- a/dan/11/36.md +++ b/dan/11/36.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This refers to the one true God. Alternate translation: "the supreme God" or "th # until the wrath is completed This phrase pictures God as storing up his wrath until his storeroom is completely full of it and he is ready to act according to it. Alternate translation: "until God is completely angry with him" or "until God is angry enough to take action against him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/37.md b/dan/11/37.md index 674d436894..37a9a1ab4d 100644 --- a/dan/11/37.md +++ b/dan/11/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the god desired by women This seems to refer to the pagan god named Tammuz. - diff --git a/dan/11/38.md b/dan/11/38.md index 879890b99c..96c2ae47ed 100644 --- a/dan/11/38.md +++ b/dan/11/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king probably believed that this false god would help him to attack other pe # instead of these The word "these" refers to the gods mentioned in [Daniel 11:37](../11/37.md). - diff --git a/dan/11/39.md b/dan/11/39.md index 38c1bd7836..686dfc54c3 100644 --- a/dan/11/39.md +++ b/dan/11/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will divide up the land as a reward Possible meanings are 1) "he will give the land to his followers as a reward" or 2) "he will sell land to his followers" - diff --git a/dan/11/40.md b/dan/11/40.md index 4e33cbdcab..88b53e6f04 100644 --- a/dan/11/40.md +++ b/dan/11/40.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ When an army overruns a country, it is spoken of as if a flood occurred. See how # pass through Nothing will stop the army. Alternate translation: "will pass through the lands with no one to stop him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/41.md b/dan/11/41.md index b4ce494f07..c6fcefa64e 100644 --- a/dan/11/41.md +++ b/dan/11/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here falling represents the action of dying. Alternate translation: "will die" ( # But these will escape from his hand Here "hand" represents power. Alternate translation: "But these will escape from his power" or "But he will not be able to destroy these nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/42.md b/dan/11/42.md index 2ee678f8d3..54d3cfb196 100644 --- a/dan/11/42.md +++ b/dan/11/42.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the idea is many lands or various lands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ex # the land of Egypt will not be rescued This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: "the land of Egypt will not escape" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/43.md b/dan/11/43.md index 18910d36a5..62aadd0bc7 100644 --- a/dan/11/43.md +++ b/dan/11/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "footsteps" represent submission. Alternate translation: "the Libyans and t # the Libyans and the Cushites "the people of Libya and Cush." Libya is a country west of Egypt, and Cush is a country south of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/44.md b/dan/11/44.md index 60cd997f24..226a6b08e9 100644 --- a/dan/11/44.md +++ b/dan/11/44.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To "go out" represents the action of attacking the enemy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # to set many apart for destruction "to destroy many people" - diff --git a/dan/11/45.md b/dan/11/45.md index ad5167b3cc..7b9b2cc1c2 100644 --- a/dan/11/45.md +++ b/dan/11/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This probably refers to the region between the Mediterranean Sea and Temple Moun # the mountain of the beauty of holiness This refers to the hill in Jerusalem where God's temple was. See how you translated somewhat similar phrases in [Daniel 9:16](../09/16.md) and [Daniel 9:20](../09/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/dan/11/intro.md b/dan/11/intro.md index 3d72795923..e24c420e0a 100644 --- a/dan/11/intro.md +++ b/dan/11/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Daniel 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The final prophecy continues in this chapter. The kings of the North and of the South will fight many wars against each other. The king of the South is probably a reference to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The final prophecy continues in this chapter. The kings of the North and of the * __[Daniel 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/dan/12/01.md b/dan/12/01.md index 0365569b13..e084b07bd5 100644 --- a/dan/12/01.md +++ b/dan/12/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. You can also make it clear that God will save # whose name is found written in the book This can be stated in active form. You can also make it clear that God writes names in the book. Alternate translation: "whose name God has written in the book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/12/02.md b/dan/12/02.md index 16fc1e1ab0..f1cf222e69 100644 --- a/dan/12/02.md +++ b/dan/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who sleep in the dust of the earth will rise up The phrase "sleep in the dust of the earth" is another way of referring to those who have died. Here "rise up" is an idiom that means to come back to life. Alternate translation: "those who have died will come back to life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/dan/12/03.md b/dan/12/03.md index 3d567480cb..f0b4d3849b 100644 --- a/dan/12/03.md +++ b/dan/12/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to those who help others understand that they are separated from God # those who turn ... are like the stars forever and ever These people are compared to the stars that shine. Alternate translation: "those who turn ... will shine brightly like the stars forever and ever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/dan/12/04.md b/dan/12/04.md index 5f9e72effe..f2017a5628 100644 --- a/dan/12/04.md +++ b/dan/12/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "words" represents the book. Alternate translation: "close this book and ke # Many will run here and there, and knowledge will increase This seems to happen before "the time of the end" during which time the book is sealed. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Before that happens, many people will travel here and there, learning more and more about many things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/dan/12/05.md b/dan/12/05.md index 483ffad2aa..3ee504b72d 100644 --- a/dan/12/05.md +++ b/dan/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Daniel goes on to tell what he saw next in this vision that began in [Daniel 10: # there were two others standing "there were two other angels standing" - diff --git a/dan/12/06.md b/dan/12/06.md index 50568df5e2..6c5ba2731e 100644 --- a/dan/12/06.md +++ b/dan/12/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the angel clothed in linen was above the river or 2) th # these amazing events At the time when the angel spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This definitely refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may possibly also include the events in the vision from chapter 11. - diff --git a/dan/12/07.md b/dan/12/07.md index 0505439d2e..a50fc47650 100644 --- a/dan/12/07.md +++ b/dan/12/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all these things will # all these things At the time when the man clothed in linen spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may include the events in the vision from chapter 11. - diff --git a/dan/12/08.md b/dan/12/08.md index 14622310a5..a9ae15d157 100644 --- a/dan/12/08.md +++ b/dan/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Daniel refers to the angel clothed in linen as "My master" to show respect to th # of all these things At the time when the angel clothed in linen spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This definitely refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may possibly also include the events in the vision from chapter 11. - diff --git a/dan/12/09.md b/dan/12/09.md index 5aeb294c75..38e5c56d3d 100644 --- a/dan/12/09.md +++ b/dan/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The vision that was given to Daniel was not to be explained. The book was sealed # the time of the end "the final days" or "the end of the world." See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md). - diff --git a/dan/12/10.md b/dan/12/10.md index 1be84b69ca..a9d9e3a9e7 100644 --- a/dan/12/10.md +++ b/dan/12/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The evil people will do evil or sinful things. # None of the wicked will understand The evil people can not understand spiritual knowledge. - diff --git a/dan/12/11.md b/dan/12/11.md index 8f0d84f158..fc6394a0cb 100644 --- a/dan/12/11.md +++ b/dan/12/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to an idol that will make the temple desolate, that is, that will ca # 1,290 days "one thousand two and hundred ninety days" or "twelve hundred and ninety days." Here "days" refers to a period of time. Most commonly rendered as days, but can also imply years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/dan/12/12.md b/dan/12/12.md index ca56987c04..5e7833c4ce 100644 --- a/dan/12/12.md +++ b/dan/12/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The angel clothed in linen continues speaking to Daniel. # the 1,335 days "one thousand three hundred and thirty-five days" or "thirteen hundred and thirty-five days." Here "days" is referring to a period of time most commonly rendered as days. However, it can also imply years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/dan/12/13.md b/dan/12/13.md index efe922db6c..bb11702e6a 100644 --- a/dan/12/13.md +++ b/dan/12/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is referring to the first resurrection of the dead when the righteous peopl # the place assigned to you "the place God has assigned to you" - diff --git a/dan/12/intro.md b/dan/12/intro.md index c8c1be6e80..0aac446bf9 100644 --- a/dan/12/intro.md +++ b/dan/12/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Daniel 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The final prophecy concludes in this chapter. It tells about the future resurrection of the dead and the final judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judgmentday]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The final prophecy concludes in this chapter. It tells about the future resurrec * __[Daniel 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/dan/front/intro.md b/dan/front/intro.md index f0646c0a2e..5bab08cf58 100644 --- a/dan/front/intro.md +++ b/dan/front/intro.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ ### What is the Book of Daniel about? -The first part of the Book of Daniel (chapters 1–6) is a narrative about Daniel and his friends. They were young men from Jerusalem who were taken to Babylon as prisoners. These chapters tell how they were faithful to Yahweh while living in a pagan land serving a pagan king. And it tells how God rewarded them because they were faithful. +The first part of the Book of Daniel (chapters 1–6) is a narrative about Daniel and his friends. They were young men from Jerusalem who were taken to Babylon as prisoners. These chapters tell how they were faithful to Yahweh while living in a pagan land serving a pagan king. And it tells how God rewarded them because they were faithful. The rest of the Book of Daniel is a series of prophetic visions. Chapters 7 and 8 deal with images representing the kingdoms and kings of the major nations. Chapters 9–11 are prophecies and visions about wars and a type of the great enemy of God appearing. Chapter 12 is a vision that describes end times. @@ -60,4 +60,3 @@ Many kings are in the Book of Daniel, but not all of the kings ruled over all of ### Why is the book of Daniel longer in some Bibles than in others? The book of Daniel was first written in Hebrew and Aramaic. Later it was translated into Greek. The oldest Greek translation includes the following stories that the Hebrew and Aramaic version does not have: "The Prayer of Azariah," "The Song of the Three Holy Children," "Susanna and the Elders," and "Bel and the Dragon." These are not included in the Unlocked Literal Bible. However, if your church teaches that these stories should be included in the Bible, then you may translate them from versions of the Bible that include them. - diff --git a/deu/01/01.md b/deu/01/01.md index e0d3d48fd2..b3e86a36d8 100644 --- a/deu/01/01.md +++ b/deu/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses wa # Suph ... Paran ... Tophel ... Laban ... Hazeroth ... Dizahab These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/02.md b/deu/01/02.md index 1f98a4ba13..073350e460 100644 --- a/deu/01/02.md +++ b/deu/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called "Edom. # eleven "11" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/03.md b/deu/01/03.md index a01c6156bf..3bd7ef2df7 100644 --- a/deu/01/03.md +++ b/deu/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the eleventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the mid # Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. - diff --git a/deu/01/04.md b/deu/01/04.md index 9e3cc7cd39..8601431896 100644 --- a/deu/01/04.md +++ b/deu/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Heshbon ... Ashtaroth at Edrei These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/05.md b/deu/01/05.md index a312132cd9..a5e31b2abb 100644 --- a/deu/01/05.md +++ b/deu/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beyond the Jordan This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: "East of the Jordan River" - diff --git a/deu/01/06.md b/deu/01/06.md index 447f09354a..26afbc0d1e 100644 --- a/deu/01/06.md +++ b/deu/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "us" refers to Moses and the other people of Israel. # You have lived long enough in this hill country This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "You do not need to stay near this mountain any longer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/07.md b/deu/01/07.md index 2d606f8093..9a99efa4d2 100644 --- a/deu/01/07.md +++ b/deu/01/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an area in the hills near the place where the Amorites lived. # lowlands an area of land that is low and flat - diff --git a/deu/01/08.md b/deu/01/08.md index f97b572581..d64a51e602 100644 --- a/deu/01/08.md +++ b/deu/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking as if he were another person. Alternate translation: "that I, # fathers The word "fathers" is a synecdoche for all ancestors. Alternate translation: "ancestors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/09.md b/deu/01/09.md index 232c11a6f7..27921b8072 100644 --- a/deu/01/09.md +++ b/deu/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Moses. The phrase "at that time" refers to when the Israelite # I am not able to carry you myself alone Here "to carry you" means "to lead you" or "to govern you." Alternate translation: "It is too much for me to lead you by myself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/10.md b/deu/01/10.md index cdbf5c1c1f..4256ffeb0c 100644 --- a/deu/01/10.md +++ b/deu/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as the multitude of the stars of heaven This is an exaggeration that means God has greatly increased the number of Israelites. Alternate translation: "a great crowd of many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/11.md b/deu/01/11.md index 20273f8da5..5c031c5e40 100644 --- a/deu/01/11.md +++ b/deu/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "a thousand" is a metaphor for "very many." Alternate translation: "v # a thousand 1000 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/12.md b/deu/01/12.md index 04b9bd7140..162de67715 100644 --- a/deu/01/12.md +++ b/deu/01/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses speaks as if the people's problems and complaints that he needed to take c # your disputes "your arguments" or "your disagreements" - diff --git a/deu/01/13.md b/deu/01/13.md index 01b2ba40c2..30b2f89ba0 100644 --- a/deu/01/13.md +++ b/deu/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # men of good repute from each tribe "men from each tribe whom the people of Israel respect" - diff --git a/deu/01/14.md b/deu/01/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/01/14.md +++ b/deu/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/01/15.md b/deu/01/15.md index 7aabcad1bb..6374533fac 100644 --- a/deu/01/15.md +++ b/deu/01/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are titles for different leaders in Israel's government. # tribe by tribe "from each of your tribes" - diff --git a/deu/01/16.md b/deu/01/16.md index 053f798329..207cc09706 100644 --- a/deu/01/16.md +++ b/deu/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # judge righteously between a man and his brother "make right and fair decisions about the disputes Israelites have with each other" - diff --git a/deu/01/17.md b/deu/01/17.md index 3662f83069..7c35bd399c 100644 --- a/deu/01/17.md +++ b/deu/01/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two extremes "small" and "great" represent all people. Alternate translati # You will not be afraid of the face of man The word "face" is a metonym for the whole person. "You will not" is a command. "Do not be afraid of anyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/18.md b/deu/01/18.md index 9c0da2399f..5a88f24919 100644 --- a/deu/01/18.md +++ b/deu/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at that time This means the time when they were at Horeb, at Mount Sinai. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/19.md b/deu/01/19.md index b962e755dc..9081799668 100644 --- a/deu/01/19.md +++ b/deu/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of I # terrible wilderness that you saw "large and dangerous desert that you crossed through" - diff --git a/deu/01/20.md b/deu/01/20.md index 5d0533ce79..196b33e8d2 100644 --- a/deu/01/20.md +++ b/deu/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did. - diff --git a/deu/01/21.md b/deu/01/21.md index 6a4707b595..f53256c972 100644 --- a/deu/01/21.md +++ b/deu/01/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses is speaking to the Israelites as if he were speaking to one man, so these # has set the land before you "is now giving this land to you." See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:8](../01/08.md). - diff --git a/deu/01/22.md b/deu/01/22.md index 5d0533ce79..196b33e8d2 100644 --- a/deu/01/22.md +++ b/deu/01/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did. - diff --git a/deu/01/23.md b/deu/01/23.md index 7eb641deea..040c726788 100644 --- a/deu/01/23.md +++ b/deu/01/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twelve men "12 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/24.md b/deu/01/24.md index a424b50163..611f65a7cb 100644 --- a/deu/01/24.md +++ b/deu/01/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a valley in the Hebron region, which is south of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc:/ # scouted it "looked for places they could attack" - diff --git a/deu/01/25.md b/deu/01/25.md index a135b98801..f984a93f78 100644 --- a/deu/01/25.md +++ b/deu/01/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The speaker speaks as if a "word" were a physical object that someone could brin # said, 'It is a good land that Yahweh our God is giving to us.' The direct quotation can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "said that the land that Yahweh our God was giving to us was good" - diff --git a/deu/01/26.md b/deu/01/26.md index 69954cccf9..7188c15bff 100644 --- a/deu/01/26.md +++ b/deu/01/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of I # Yet you refused to attack God commanded the Israelites to attack and destroy the Amorites, but the Israelites were afraid and refused to fight them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/27.md b/deu/01/27.md index b70273ea5e..e426d8b192 100644 --- a/deu/01/27.md +++ b/deu/01/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into the hand of the Amorites Here "into the hand" means to give the Amorites power over them. Alternate translation: "into the power of the Amorites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/28.md b/deu/01/28.md index ebd66d3110..9243aa767b 100644 --- a/deu/01/28.md +++ b/deu/01/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because t # sons of the Anakim These are descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/29.md b/deu/01/29.md index bbd89714ca..c8bbb447ff 100644 --- a/deu/01/29.md +++ b/deu/01/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of I # I said to you "I said to your ancestors" - diff --git a/deu/01/30.md b/deu/01/30.md index 48342c0a6b..e25da7bfb9 100644 --- a/deu/01/30.md +++ b/deu/01/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before your eyes Here the people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: "which you yourselves saw" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/31.md b/deu/01/31.md index 12e89a3659..9e2b262ea6 100644 --- a/deu/01/31.md +++ b/deu/01/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh's care for his people is compared to that of a father. Alternate tra # until you came to this place "until you came to this land that God promised to give you" - diff --git a/deu/01/32.md b/deu/01/32.md index 5d0533ce79..196b33e8d2 100644 --- a/deu/01/32.md +++ b/deu/01/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did. - diff --git a/deu/01/33.md b/deu/01/33.md index e946e7cff0..e8425fa0a7 100644 --- a/deu/01/33.md +++ b/deu/01/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # make camp "put up your tents" - diff --git a/deu/01/34.md b/deu/01/34.md index 3ed11dc4a9..5d0c03a558 100644 --- a/deu/01/34.md +++ b/deu/01/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them. # he swore and said God made a vow not to allow those who rebelled against him to enter the land he promised to give them. - diff --git a/deu/01/35.md b/deu/01/35.md index 9b6a7f3107..15d0f70b0b 100644 --- a/deu/01/35.md +++ b/deu/01/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will see "will enter" - diff --git a/deu/01/36.md b/deu/01/36.md index 6960431666..4ad9f47aa4 100644 --- a/deu/01/36.md +++ b/deu/01/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of Caleb's father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # he wholly followed Yahweh Yahweh speaks as if he were someone else. Alternate translation: "he has completely obeyed me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/37.md b/deu/01/37.md index 0afa95412f..6bb0218ee5 100644 --- a/deu/01/37.md +++ b/deu/01/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of I # Yahweh was angry with me because of you This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/38.md b/deu/01/38.md index a7ffeee2c2..c03f56590f 100644 --- a/deu/01/38.md +++ b/deu/01/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of Joshua's father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names] # who stands before you Why Joshua stands before Moses can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "who stands before you as your servant" or "who helps you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/39.md b/deu/01/39.md index 5d0533ce79..196b33e8d2 100644 --- a/deu/01/39.md +++ b/deu/01/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did. - diff --git a/deu/01/40.md b/deu/01/40.md index 3f75bdb0bf..3a17920f20 100644 --- a/deu/01/40.md +++ b/deu/01/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turn and take your journey "turn around and go back on the road you have come on" - diff --git a/deu/01/41.md b/deu/01/41.md index e4886076d0..99f899b463 100644 --- a/deu/01/41.md +++ b/deu/01/41.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of I # to attack the hill country Here the metonym "hill country" represents the people that live there. Alternate translation: "to attack the people who live in the hill country" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/42.md b/deu/01/42.md index fe7883dd59..a24e180397 100644 --- a/deu/01/42.md +++ b/deu/01/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for I will not be with you, and you will be defeated by your enemies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your enemies will defeat you because I will not be with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/43.md b/deu/01/43.md index f1f98dfe2e..1d68641be2 100644 --- a/deu/01/43.md +++ b/deu/01/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel. # attacked the hill country The metonym "hill country" stands for the people who live there. Alternate translation: "attacked the people who live in the hill country" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/01/44.md b/deu/01/44.md index 8241c6929d..c073fadb5b 100644 --- a/deu/01/44.md +++ b/deu/01/44.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # crushed you "killed many of your soldiers" - diff --git a/deu/01/45.md b/deu/01/45.md index 997d2c97ef..6c3b9949b9 100644 --- a/deu/01/45.md +++ b/deu/01/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of I # returned and wept "returned to Kadesh and wept" - diff --git a/deu/01/46.md b/deu/01/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/01/46.md +++ b/deu/01/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/01/intro.md b/deu/01/intro.md index 6c993541f8..2b9317a835 100644 --- a/deu/01/intro.md +++ b/deu/01/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Deuteronomy 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter forms a continuation with the last chapter of the book of Numbers. +This chapter forms a continuation with the last chapter of the book of Numbers. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's victory -#### Yahweh's victory The chapter explains that Israel's conquering of the Promised Land will be done by Yahweh. They are not to fear the people of Canaan but be obedient to Yahweh. Yahweh is bringing about his judgement upon the people of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -#### Possessing the land +### Possessing the land + While the Promised Land belongs to Israel, they do not possess the land. Possessing the land is an important theme. Posessing the land depended on Israel's faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +20,3 @@ While the Promised Land belongs to Israel, they do not possess the land. Possess * __[Deuteronomy intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/02/01.md b/deu/02/01.md index 34c0ffb239..989a8dec02 100644 --- a/deu/02/01.md +++ b/deu/02/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called "Edom. # many days Some languages translate this as "many nights." - diff --git a/deu/02/02.md b/deu/02/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/02/02.md +++ b/deu/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/02/03.md b/deu/02/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/02/03.md +++ b/deu/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/02/04.md b/deu/02/04.md index d072ebf898..c652de538b 100644 --- a/deu/02/04.md +++ b/deu/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # of your brothers, the descendants of Esau "of your relatives, the descendants of Esau" - diff --git a/deu/02/05.md b/deu/02/05.md index 73bb85a812..5eb9df99a8 100644 --- a/deu/02/05.md +++ b/deu/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have given Mount Seir to Esau as a possession Yahweh is reminding the Israelites that he has given this territory to the descendants of Esau. - diff --git a/deu/02/06.md b/deu/02/06.md index 39f1ae148a..880e83bad8 100644 --- a/deu/02/06.md +++ b/deu/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh is giving them permission or instruction, not a command, and he is tellin # for money If these words are not needed or make the translation unclear, you may omit them. - diff --git a/deu/02/07.md b/deu/02/07.md index 73fef61893..0435e8be4e 100644 --- a/deu/02/07.md +++ b/deu/02/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here what happened to the people while they were walking is spoken of as their " # you have lacked nothing This is a litotes for "you have had everything you needed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/08.md b/deu/02/08.md index ec27266282..d2ca4262c2 100644 --- a/deu/02/08.md +++ b/deu/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # we turned This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "we kept going" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/09.md b/deu/02/09.md index 226023e102..2890562846 100644 --- a/deu/02/09.md +++ b/deu/02/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # the descendants of Lot The people of Israel were related to the descendants of Moab. Moab was the son of Lot. Lot was the nephew of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/10.md b/deu/02/10.md index f5fefeda16..0b26766ade 100644 --- a/deu/02/10.md +++ b/deu/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a people group that were considered giants. (See: [[rc://en/ # Anakim These are descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). - diff --git a/deu/02/11.md b/deu/02/11.md index 26c495e6b4..aa0e35c9a0 100644 --- a/deu/02/11.md +++ b/deu/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the background information about the different people groups that # Rephaim This is the name of a people group that were considered giants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/12.md b/deu/02/12.md index 2feb00c5ef..fc2b80ae13 100644 --- a/deu/02/12.md +++ b/deu/02/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # destroyed them from before them "killed all of them so none of them were left living with them" or "removed them from their presence by killing all of them" - diff --git a/deu/02/13.md b/deu/02/13.md index cedefa5e2c..0c033b3d0e 100644 --- a/deu/02/13.md +++ b/deu/02/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ begin to do something (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # the brook Zered This stream flows into the Dead Sea from the southeast and creates the border between Edom and Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/14.md b/deu/02/14.md index 2b59f88173..d67783f7c2 100644 --- a/deu/02/14.md +++ b/deu/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "now" marks a change from the story to background information about how # were gone from the people This is a polite way of saying "had died." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/15.md b/deu/02/15.md index 7f88949ab5..b0f6e69487 100644 --- a/deu/02/15.md +++ b/deu/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hand of Yahweh was against Here "the hand of Yahweh" refers to Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "Yahweh used his power against" or "Yahweh punished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/16.md b/deu/02/16.md index 0ceb8f0b55..85a6c33d55 100644 --- a/deu/02/16.md +++ b/deu/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past. - diff --git a/deu/02/17.md b/deu/02/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/02/17.md +++ b/deu/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/02/18.md b/deu/02/18.md index 0ff0394a6a..098863f03c 100644 --- a/deu/02/18.md +++ b/deu/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "you" is sin # Ar This is the name of a city in Moab. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/19.md b/deu/02/19.md index ea5296620a..605a2fc658 100644 --- a/deu/02/19.md +++ b/deu/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the command and the w # to the descendants of Lot The people of Israel were related to the descendants of Ammon. Ammon was the son of Lot. Lot was the nephew of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/20.md b/deu/02/20.md index 6c7dbd10dc..1d1f62871f 100644 --- a/deu/02/20.md +++ b/deu/02/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People also consider # Rephaim This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/21.md b/deu/02/21.md index c8c9ca83b5..4f716c546f 100644 --- a/deu/02/21.md +++ b/deu/02/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy # they succeeded them and lived in their place "the Ammonites took over everything the Rephaim had owned and have lived where the Rephaim had lived" - diff --git a/deu/02/22.md b/deu/02/22.md index 08f8609a7b..9c6d6ba258 100644 --- a/deu/02/22.md +++ b/deu/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy # succeeded them and have lived in their place "took over everything the Horites had owned and have lived where the Horites had lived" - diff --git a/deu/02/23.md b/deu/02/23.md index 285f4a1b11..1afa706b64 100644 --- a/deu/02/23.md +++ b/deu/02/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a place. It may be another name for the island of Crete loca # settled in their place "lived where the Avvim had lived" - diff --git a/deu/02/24.md b/deu/02/24.md index 430ce21ccd..a55b613538 100644 --- a/deu/02/24.md +++ b/deu/02/24.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../ # fight with him "fight against him and his army" - diff --git a/deu/02/25.md b/deu/02/25.md index 547e158926..5b675bf669 100644 --- a/deu/02/25.md +++ b/deu/02/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "peoples in every land" (See: [[rc://en # tremble and be in anguish This is hendiadys and emphasizes that the people will "tremble in anguish." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/26.md b/deu/02/26.md index beea4fa2fe..333ddc5f7c 100644 --- a/deu/02/26.md +++ b/deu/02/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the names of a man and a place. See how you translated them in [Deuter # with words of peace "with my offer of peace" or "with a message from me asking for peace" - diff --git a/deu/02/27.md b/deu/02/27.md index 84bc04c411..8444854683 100644 --- a/deu/02/27.md +++ b/deu/02/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will turn neither to the right hand nor to the left This phrase emphasizes that they will always go in the same direction. It can be stated in positive form. "I will not change direction" or "I will always stay on the path" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/28.md b/deu/02/28.md index 14815f1959..fe746adf5c 100644 --- a/deu/02/28.md +++ b/deu/02/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses is referring to the people of Israel as if they were Moses himself. Altern # only let me pass through on my feet "only let us walk through your land" - diff --git a/deu/02/29.md b/deu/02/29.md index 6f38c8440c..42713db37f 100644 --- a/deu/02/29.md +++ b/deu/02/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ar This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/31.md b/deu/02/31.md index 598c1d8964..8494ecb1c2 100644 --- a/deu/02/31.md +++ b/deu/02/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # begin to possess it, in order that you may inherit his land "take possession of his land, so that you may inherit it" - diff --git a/deu/02/32.md b/deu/02/32.md index 1d8c8a051f..c6e6b53cf8 100644 --- a/deu/02/32.md +++ b/deu/02/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../0 # Jahaz This is the name of a city in Moab (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/33.md b/deu/02/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/02/33.md +++ b/deu/02/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/02/34.md b/deu/02/34.md index ca84bd8fa9..6202e6f1f8 100644 --- a/deu/02/34.md +++ b/deu/02/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people about what happened in the past. # We took all his cities "We captured all of King Sihon's cities" - diff --git a/deu/02/35.md b/deu/02/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/02/35.md +++ b/deu/02/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/02/36.md b/deu/02/36.md index 001fbdee83..2ccf577a1d 100644 --- a/deu/02/36.md +++ b/deu/02/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a city on the north bank of the Arnon River. (See: [[rc://en # there was not a city too high for us This negative statement is used to emphasize their success in battle. This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "we were able to defeat the people of every city even if the city had high walls around it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/37.md b/deu/02/37.md index 0d80902996..7c5824c05f 100644 --- a/deu/02/37.md +++ b/deu/02/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so "you" is singular. (S # Jabbok River This is the name of a river that created the border between Sihon's land and the land of the Ammonites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/02/intro.md b/deu/02/intro.md index b6a474095e..4606a70a9d 100644 --- a/deu/02/intro.md +++ b/deu/02/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Deuteronomy 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Covenant faithfulness -#### Covenant faithfulness Yahweh is faithful to the covenant he made with Abraham. He is also faithful to the promises he made with Esau and Lot. Because of this, Israel was given specific land it was able to conquer in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Yahweh is faithful to the covenant he made with Abraham. He is also faithful to * __[Deuteronomy 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/03/01.md b/deu/03/01.md index 2a77bd1f01..743ff5c22a 100644 --- a/deu/03/01.md +++ b/deu/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a king. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01 # Edrei This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/02.md b/deu/03/02.md index 943aa8261e..bab50422f1 100644 --- a/deu/03/02.md +++ b/deu/03/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of what he will do as if he had already done it. (See: [[rc://en/t # You will do to him as you did to Sihon The word "him" is a metonym for "his people." Alternate translation: "You will destroy Og and his people as you did Sihon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/03.md b/deu/03/03.md index 8a572b8b42..0c379e7e5b 100644 --- a/deu/03/03.md +++ b/deu/03/03.md @@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh put all of Og' # not one survivor remained for him -"all of his people were dead." This emphasizes that the Israelites did not let anyone live. - +"all of his people were dead." This emphasizes that the Israelites did not let anyone live. diff --git a/deu/03/04.md b/deu/03/04.md index a8f0c25a86..762f27c24f 100644 --- a/deu/03/04.md +++ b/deu/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a double negative that emphasizes that they took all of the 60 cities. A # the region of Argob This is the name of a region within Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/05.md b/deu/03/05.md index 873c447f00..30cf9d8165 100644 --- a/deu/03/05.md +++ b/deu/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past. # besides very many "in addition to very many" or "not including very many" - diff --git a/deu/03/06.md b/deu/03/06.md index 65332b167f..25f1a8e2f3 100644 --- a/deu/03/06.md +++ b/deu/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a king. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../ # Heshbon This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/07.md b/deu/03/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/03/07.md +++ b/deu/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/03/08.md b/deu/03/08.md index f0d5be83db..f5404462a9 100644 --- a/deu/03/08.md +++ b/deu/03/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md). # Mount Hermon This is the name of a mountain at the northern border of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/09.md b/deu/03/09.md index 905630babe..e64dc702b0 100644 --- a/deu/03/09.md +++ b/deu/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mount Hermon ... Sirion ... Senir These are all names of the same mountain which is at the northern border of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/10.md b/deu/03/10.md index 2e3dac15a3..15cd3650ed 100644 --- a/deu/03/10.md +++ b/deu/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is high, flat land between the Arnon River and Mount Gilead. # Salekah This is the name of a city near Edrei. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/11.md b/deu/03/11.md index 0a516795ca..e02424d5a0 100644 --- a/deu/03/11.md +++ b/deu/03/11.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # the way people measure "according to the cubit most people use" - diff --git a/deu/03/12.md b/deu/03/12.md index 1d09be549b..e5728b7757 100644 --- a/deu/03/12.md +++ b/deu/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this town in [Deuteronomy 2:36](../02/36.md). # the Valley of the Arnon See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md). - diff --git a/deu/03/13.md b/deu/03/13.md index 1c86c723aa..712bdd9cae 100644 --- a/deu/03/13.md +++ b/deu/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 3:4](../03/04.md). # Rephaim See how you translated this word in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md). - diff --git a/deu/03/14.md b/deu/03/14.md index 7c97521164..93ad194e16 100644 --- a/deu/03/14.md +++ b/deu/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are people groups who lived west of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tra # Havvoth Jair Translators may make a footnote that says: "The name 'Havvoth Jair' means 'tent villages of Jair' or 'realm of Jair.'" - diff --git a/deu/03/15.md b/deu/03/15.md index b1716febb2..90d66811dc 100644 --- a/deu/03/15.md +++ b/deu/03/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Moses. # to Makir Makir was the son of Manasseh. He had died before Moses gave this land. The name is a metonym for the descendants of the person. Alternate translation: "to the descendants of Makir" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/16.md b/deu/03/16.md index e4312cc6ec..dc7030fe0b 100644 --- a/deu/03/16.md +++ b/deu/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jabbok River This is the name of a river that created the border between Sihon's land and the land of the Ammonites. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:37](../02/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/17.md b/deu/03/17.md index 4c2dc7e922..53582d2c35 100644 --- a/deu/03/17.md +++ b/deu/03/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the Sea of Kinnereth, also called "the Sea of Galilee" or "the Lake of Gennesare # Mount Pisgah This is the name of a mountain in the northern part of the Abarim mountain range. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/18.md b/deu/03/18.md index fb9c100819..5ecc335695 100644 --- a/deu/03/18.md +++ b/deu/03/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses reminds the tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad, and the half tribe of Manas # your brothers, the people of Israel "your fellow Israelites" - diff --git a/deu/03/19.md b/deu/03/19.md index c0e7c965fb..6d332130f9 100644 --- a/deu/03/19.md +++ b/deu/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues speaking to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh. - diff --git a/deu/03/20.md b/deu/03/20.md index a758dd93ff..a88133baf5 100644 --- a/deu/03/20.md +++ b/deu/03/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses wa # then will you return Moses is emphasizing that the other tribes must possess their land before Yahweh will permit these three tribes to possess their land. "only then are you to return." - diff --git a/deu/03/21.md b/deu/03/21.md index e259d0da03..70b7628024 100644 --- a/deu/03/21.md +++ b/deu/03/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past. # Your eyes have seen Here "eyes" refers to Joshua. Alternate translation: "You have seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/22.md b/deu/03/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/03/22.md +++ b/deu/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/03/23.md b/deu/03/23.md index 4062872b23..a1829662b2 100644 --- a/deu/03/23.md +++ b/deu/03/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people about what happened in the past. # I earnestly appealed Here "I" refers to Moses. This means he asked God in a very emotional way. - diff --git a/deu/03/24.md b/deu/03/24.md index 8f24ba61f0..7413a0a90c 100644 --- a/deu/03/24.md +++ b/deu/03/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh is the only God with the power to # in heaven or in earth These two extremes together mean "anywhere." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/25.md b/deu/03/25.md index d878f73a9e..9cbc6f6176 100644 --- a/deu/03/25.md +++ b/deu/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # beyond the Jordan "west of the Jordan River." When Moses spoke these words to Yahweh, he was east of the Jordan River in Moab. - diff --git a/deu/03/26.md b/deu/03/26.md index deb40e47ba..7f9423856c 100644 --- a/deu/03/26.md +++ b/deu/03/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues telling the people of Israel what happened in the past. # Yahweh was angry with me because of you This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:37](../01/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/27.md b/deu/03/27.md index 9d8f0ce2b0..305788dc6f 100644 --- a/deu/03/27.md +++ b/deu/03/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this is in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md). # lift up your eyes The words "lift up your eyes" are an idiom that means look. Alternate translation: "look" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/28.md b/deu/03/28.md index a56dd6fcac..5f6f3a0ade 100644 --- a/deu/03/28.md +++ b/deu/03/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. - diff --git a/deu/03/29.md b/deu/03/29.md index 9ce04c6ff6..79f0256e72 100644 --- a/deu/03/29.md +++ b/deu/03/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Peor This is the name of a town in Moab near Mount Pisgah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/03/intro.md b/deu/03/intro.md index 8ec0406f71..5c2bd22130 100644 --- a/deu/03/intro.md +++ b/deu/03/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Deuteronomy 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Victories -#### Victories The victories recorded in this chapter occurred on the east side of the Jordan River. This was not part of the Promised Land, which was on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The victories recorded in this chapter occurred on the east side of the Jordan R * __[Deuteronomy 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/04/01.md b/deu/04/01.md index 8ecf7cb89d..48228b7217 100644 --- a/deu/04/01.md +++ b/deu/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses is telling the people of Israel what God wants them to do. # to do them "and obey them" - diff --git a/deu/04/02.md b/deu/04/02.md index bc1fd926a2..e4462ec4bc 100644 --- a/deu/04/02.md +++ b/deu/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will not add to the words ... neither will you diminish them Yahweh does not want his people to create new laws, or to ignore those he has already given them. - diff --git a/deu/04/03.md b/deu/04/03.md index 4fe22a7ce2..e609d9ec81 100644 --- a/deu/04/03.md +++ b/deu/04/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md). # Yahweh your God has destroyed them from among you Moses speaks to the people of Israel as though they were one person, so "your" and "you" are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/04.md b/deu/04/04.md index 6f9f94732a..14d4ea3103 100644 --- a/deu/04/04.md +++ b/deu/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you who clung to Yahweh The writer speaks as if trusting in Yahweh and obeying him were like physically holding on to a person. Alternate translation: "you who were careful to obey Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/05.md b/deu/04/05.md index b96bed4111..0c5e241989 100644 --- a/deu/04/05.md +++ b/deu/04/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # that you should do so in the midst of the land "that you should obey them when you live in the land" - diff --git a/deu/04/06.md b/deu/04/06.md index 1fe234efe3..dc600ea8ba 100644 --- a/deu/04/06.md +++ b/deu/04/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract nouns "wisdom" and "understanding" can be translated as adjective p # this great nation is a wise and understanding people The word "nation" is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate translation: "the people of this great nation are wise and understanding" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/07.md b/deu/04/07.md index 34a00c7c5b..8b61a768a2 100644 --- a/deu/04/07.md +++ b/deu/04/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel. # For what other great nation is there ... him? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "For there is no other great nation ... him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/08.md b/deu/04/08.md index 87e381eb3a..aaba1a55a5 100644 --- a/deu/04/08.md +++ b/deu/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What other great nation is there ... today? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "There is no other great nation ... today." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/09.md b/deu/04/09.md index 3a6074f846..9471d0b87b 100644 --- a/deu/04/09.md +++ b/deu/04/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These phrases means the same thing and emphasize that the people of Israel must # your eyes have seen Here "eyes" are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "you have seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/10.md b/deu/04/10.md index 212b8f538c..3864234a8a 100644 --- a/deu/04/10.md +++ b/deu/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person, so all instances of "y # Assemble me the people "Bring the people together and bring them to me" - diff --git a/deu/04/11.md b/deu/04/11.md index e6189fde9e..09416cae38 100644 --- a/deu/04/11.md +++ b/deu/04/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "thick darkness" describes the cloud. Alternate translation: "with a thick, # thick darkness Another possible meaning is "heavy cloud." - diff --git a/deu/04/12.md b/deu/04/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/04/12.md +++ b/deu/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/04/13.md b/deu/04/13.md index 2e2c74877d..1044fa965a 100644 --- a/deu/04/13.md +++ b/deu/04/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel. # to you Here "you" refers to the Israelites who were at Mount Horeb. - diff --git a/deu/04/14.md b/deu/04/14.md index c713b37d82..19bd34acb0 100644 --- a/deu/04/14.md +++ b/deu/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the land that you are crossing over to take possession of "after you have crossed over the Jordan River and taken possession of the land" - diff --git a/deu/04/15.md b/deu/04/15.md index 57152b3eec..0db59c31d8 100644 --- a/deu/04/15.md +++ b/deu/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/deu/04/16.md b/deu/04/16.md index 2745d6f505..a1bfd3c7ec 100644 --- a/deu/04/16.md +++ b/deu/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not corrupt yourselves "do not do what is wrong" - diff --git a/deu/04/17.md b/deu/04/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/04/17.md +++ b/deu/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/04/18.md b/deu/04/18.md index 3169b02a08..f2b89f6134 100644 --- a/deu/04/18.md +++ b/deu/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # creeps on the ground "crawls on the ground" - diff --git a/deu/04/19.md b/deu/04/19.md index 20c0f0eba1..a49a0d7ba5 100644 --- a/deu/04/19.md +++ b/deu/04/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not ... and do not # of which Yahweh your God has given a share to all the peoples This is an idiom. Moses speaks of the stars as if they were small objects like food that Yahweh was dividing and giving out to the people groups. Alternate translation: "that Yahweh your God has put there to help all people groups" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/20.md b/deu/04/20.md index 68971f27ad..540c3dbfe3 100644 --- a/deu/04/20.md +++ b/deu/04/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks of Egypt and the hard work the Israelites did there as if it were a # a people of his own inheritance This is an idiom that can be translated "people who belong only to him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/21.md b/deu/04/21.md index 92a6816638..e8e2d2902e 100644 --- a/deu/04/21.md +++ b/deu/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was # Yahweh your God is giving to you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so "you" and "your" are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/22.md b/deu/04/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/04/22.md +++ b/deu/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/04/23.md b/deu/04/23.md index 75a3a946eb..e33d2eb271 100644 --- a/deu/04/23.md +++ b/deu/04/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Yahweh your God has forbidden you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person, so the words "you" and "your" are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/24.md b/deu/04/24.md index bf3cae9ef6..400173cc47 100644 --- a/deu/04/24.md +++ b/deu/04/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses compares how Yahweh acts when he is angry to the way a fire destroys thing # Yahweh your God Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person, so the word "your" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/25.md b/deu/04/25.md index c4ecdfe7ef..4dfdd0c185 100644 --- a/deu/04/25.md +++ b/deu/04/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ become the father of, or become the ancestor of # do what is evil in the sight of Yahweh your God, to provoke him to anger This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "you make Yahweh your God angry by doing what he says is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/26.md b/deu/04/26.md index 9d949eb8af..ec94d84aad 100644 --- a/deu/04/26.md +++ b/deu/04/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Long days are a metaphor for a long life. Alternate translation: "you will not b # but you will be completely destroyed As indicated in 4:27, not every Israelite will be killed. Here "completely destroy" is a generalization and emphasizes that many of the Israelites will die. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but Yahweh will destroy many of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/27.md b/deu/04/27.md index 00b9491f07..abbcfcdccd 100644 --- a/deu/04/27.md +++ b/deu/04/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks as if the people were seeds that Yahweh would scatter around a fiel # will lead you away "will send you" or "will cause your enemies to take you away" - diff --git a/deu/04/28.md b/deu/04/28.md index b4f2a1ca6a..fe129815e5 100644 --- a/deu/04/28.md +++ b/deu/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the work of men's hands, wood and stone Here "men's hands" refers the men themselves, and "the work ... wood and stone" to the idols that they have created. Alternate translation: "the wood and stone idols that men have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/29.md b/deu/04/29.md index 743bf3526a..7f071a50b5 100644 --- a/deu/04/29.md +++ b/deu/04/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "you" here is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # with all your heart and with all your soul Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/30.md b/deu/04/30.md index 46d5c2a672..f94f940af3 100644 --- a/deu/04/30.md +++ b/deu/04/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # listen to his voice Here "listen" is an idiom that means to hear and obey. Also, "his voice" refers to Yahweh and emphasizes what he says. Alternate translation: "obey what he says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/31.md b/deu/04/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/04/31.md +++ b/deu/04/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/04/32.md b/deu/04/32.md index 7f6802f177..8d9272209e 100644 --- a/deu/04/32.md +++ b/deu/04/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of "you" and the command "ask now" are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/33.md b/deu/04/33.md index cd16989375..5c8e976897 100644 --- a/deu/04/33.md +++ b/deu/04/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the people of Israel are reminded of how Yahweh has spoken to them in an am # hear the voice of God speaking Here God is represented by his voice. Alternate translation: "hear God's voice as he spoke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/34.md b/deu/04/34.md index 57dfe7558b..2927ef363f 100644 --- a/deu/04/34.md +++ b/deu/04/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "a mighty hand" and "an outstretched arm" are metaphors for Yahweh's power. # before your eyes Here "eyes" refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: "in front of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/35.md b/deu/04/35.md index ed63527e87..f3352e7331 100644 --- a/deu/04/35.md +++ b/deu/04/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all in # To you these things were shown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh showed you these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/36.md b/deu/04/36.md index 0a65118813..6c6b6752fb 100644 --- a/deu/04/36.md +++ b/deu/04/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # made you ... you heard Moses speaks as if the people to whom he was speaking were the people he had spoken to at Mount Sinai many years earlier. The people at Mount Sinai were actually the fathers of the people to whom he was speaking these words. Alternate translation: "made your fathers ... your fathers heard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/37.md b/deu/04/37.md index 164263710a..4c607a1e53 100644 --- a/deu/04/37.md +++ b/deu/04/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Jacob's sons. # with his presence, with his great power "with the great power that comes from his presence" or "with his great power" - diff --git a/deu/04/38.md b/deu/04/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/04/38.md +++ b/deu/04/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/04/39.md b/deu/04/39.md index bcc52452ab..60d5412ef1 100644 --- a/deu/04/39.md +++ b/deu/04/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "remember it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # in heaven above and on the earth beneath The two phrases "in heaven" and "on the earth" show two extremes and mean "everywhere." Alternate translation: "over everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/40.md b/deu/04/40.md index 2f75777baf..ea4378ed32 100644 --- a/deu/04/40.md +++ b/deu/04/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: "be able to live a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/41.md b/deu/04/41.md index b87003ea84..53f195ef20 100644 --- a/deu/04/41.md +++ b/deu/04/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses's speech, which began in [Deuteronomy 1:6](../01/06.md), has finished, and the writer continues the narrative that ended in [Deuteronomy 1:5](../01/05.md). - diff --git a/deu/04/42.md b/deu/04/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/04/42.md +++ b/deu/04/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/04/43.md b/deu/04/43.md index 6c330b3b65..9b1f7e83ca 100644 --- a/deu/04/43.md +++ b/deu/04/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bezer ... Ramoth ... Golan These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/04/44.md b/deu/04/44.md index d93276c5fa..9559968342 100644 --- a/deu/04/44.md +++ b/deu/04/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is the law This refers to the laws Moses will give in the following chapters. - diff --git a/deu/04/45.md b/deu/04/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/04/45.md +++ b/deu/04/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/04/46.md b/deu/04/46.md index 745494ba18..4031830107 100644 --- a/deu/04/46.md +++ b/deu/04/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a town in Moab near Mount Pisgah. See how you translated thi # Sihon ... Amorites ... Heshbon "King Sihon ... Amorite people ... town of Heshbon." See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/deu/04/47.md b/deu/04/47.md index d18d69f3e0..adf1f68933 100644 --- a/deu/04/47.md +++ b/deu/04/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ King Sihon's land # beyond the Jordan toward the east This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. Alternate translation: "from the side of the Jordan River toward the east" - diff --git a/deu/04/48.md b/deu/04/48.md index ef15103458..76a003ac09 100644 --- a/deu/04/48.md +++ b/deu/04/48.md @@ -8,13 +8,12 @@ This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:24](. # Mount Siyon ... Mount Hermon -These are different names for the same mountain. +These are different names for the same mountain. # Mount Siyon -The word "Siyon" is another spelling of "Sirion" ([Deuteronomy 3:9](../03/09.md)). +The word "Siyon" is another spelling of "Sirion" ([Deuteronomy 3:9](../03/09.md)). # Mount Hermon See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:8](../03/08.md). - diff --git a/deu/04/49.md b/deu/04/49.md index 7da0593ba5..1e175d02e0 100644 --- a/deu/04/49.md +++ b/deu/04/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses wa # Sea of the Arabah ... Mount Pisgah See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/deu/04/intro.md b/deu/04/intro.md index f3b965542c..8b58b6280a 100644 --- a/deu/04/intro.md +++ b/deu/04/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Deuteronomy 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Law of Moses -#### Law of Moses In order to possess the land, the people needed to obey the law of Moses. This will be the most important thing in the religious life of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Moses's instructions +### Moses's instructions + Moses is not allowed to enter into the Promised Land. Since they are getting ready to possess the Promised Land, Moses gives them some last instructions before his death. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions Moses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince his readers to obey his instructions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ Moses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these qu * __[Deuteronomy 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/05/01.md b/deu/05/01.md index 363370034e..c282eca8c1 100644 --- a/deu/05/01.md +++ b/deu/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "all" is a generalization. Moses wanted everyone in Israel to hear and obey # that I will speak in your ears today Here "ears" refers to the whole person. This metaphor emphasizes that the people know what Moses has said to them, so they cannot sin and then say they did not know they were sinning. Alternate translation: "that I will speak to you today" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/02.md b/deu/05/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/05/02.md +++ b/deu/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/05/03.md b/deu/05/03.md index 46754e3559..a886e88c65 100644 --- a/deu/05/03.md +++ b/deu/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh did not make this covenant with our ancestors Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh did not only make a covenant with those who were at Horeb; the covenant was also with the later generations of Israelites or 2) Yahweh did not make this covenant with their distant ancestors, such as, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; instead, this covenant began with the Israelites at Horeb. - diff --git a/deu/05/04.md b/deu/05/04.md index 17ed5af72e..f6021e7a64 100644 --- a/deu/05/04.md +++ b/deu/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Use your language's idiom for two people who are close to each other and looking # on the mount "on the mountain" - diff --git a/deu/05/05.md b/deu/05/05.md index e03b2c743f..8a458b5413 100644 --- a/deu/05/05.md +++ b/deu/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at that time Moses is referring to an event that happened about 40 years earlier. - diff --git a/deu/05/06.md b/deu/05/06.md index 44baa514a8..d4892ee4b3 100644 --- a/deu/05/06.md +++ b/deu/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # out of the house of slavery Here the metonym "house of slavery" refers to Egypt where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate translation: "out of the place where you were slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/07.md b/deu/05/07.md index 863a04e730..6b942a6994 100644 --- a/deu/05/07.md +++ b/deu/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people what Yahweh has commanded them. The phrases # You will have no other gods before me "You must not worship any other gods but me" - diff --git a/deu/05/08.md b/deu/05/08.md index 31a02eb78a..074efabaaf 100644 --- a/deu/05/08.md +++ b/deu/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water below This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: "that is in the earth beneath your feet, or that is in the water below the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/09.md b/deu/05/09.md index e31cf67d73..8a4216fd12 100644 --- a/deu/05/09.md +++ b/deu/05/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all # I ... am a jealous God "I ... want you to worship only me" - diff --git a/deu/05/10.md b/deu/05/10.md index ee429c1c4b..222056e4a7 100644 --- a/deu/05/10.md +++ b/deu/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "love" can be stated as the verb "love." Alternate translation # to thousands, to those who love me Some translations read "to a thousand generations of those who love me." The word "thousands" is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: "forever, to those who love me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/11.md b/deu/05/11.md index 29f978987d..2f005ab714 100644 --- a/deu/05/11.md +++ b/deu/05/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md). # Yahweh will not hold him guiltless This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will consider him guilty" or "Yahweh will punish him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/12.md b/deu/05/12.md index 7a72b9c5a1..c9a496d7f4 100644 --- a/deu/05/12.md +++ b/deu/05/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all # to keep it holy "to dedicate it to God" - diff --git a/deu/05/13.md b/deu/05/13.md index c636ef25c5..9753479b07 100644 --- a/deu/05/13.md +++ b/deu/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do all your work "do all your usual duties" - diff --git a/deu/05/14.md b/deu/05/14.md index 2e65fd9f85..c2eb99c272 100644 --- a/deu/05/14.md +++ b/deu/05/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # within your gates Here "gates" is a reference to the city itself. Alternate translation: "within your community" or "inside your city" or "living with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/15.md b/deu/05/15.md index 7c691d2c5a..20f1ed8210 100644 --- a/deu/05/15.md +++ b/deu/05/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "You must remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # by a mighty hand and by an outstretched arm Here "a mighty hand" and "an outstretched arm" are metaphors for Yahweh's power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: "by showing his mighty power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/16.md b/deu/05/16.md index b127f4a791..c7d4d5c6e1 100644 --- a/deu/05/16.md +++ b/deu/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of "you" and "your" are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/17.md b/deu/05/17.md index 578b294e37..c9ffd32e8c 100644 --- a/deu/05/17.md +++ b/deu/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all # You will not See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md). - diff --git a/deu/05/18.md b/deu/05/18.md index 53e3a1793c..0104d584c3 100644 --- a/deu/05/18.md +++ b/deu/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will not commit adultery "You will not sleep with anyone other than your spouse" - diff --git a/deu/05/19.md b/deu/05/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/05/19.md +++ b/deu/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/05/20.md b/deu/05/20.md index 2c08e11702..fabc857072 100644 --- a/deu/05/20.md +++ b/deu/05/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will not give false witness against your neighbor "You will not tell lies about someone" - diff --git a/deu/05/21.md b/deu/05/21.md index 578b294e37..c9ffd32e8c 100644 --- a/deu/05/21.md +++ b/deu/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all # You will not See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md). - diff --git a/deu/05/22.md b/deu/05/22.md index 2d78723e97..7142e0cfea 100644 --- a/deu/05/22.md +++ b/deu/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said. - diff --git a/deu/05/23.md b/deu/05/23.md index 4b2012e901..8a53b53a46 100644 --- a/deu/05/23.md +++ b/deu/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what happened in the past. # heard the voice The word "voice" is a metonym for the sound of the voice or for the person who was speaking. Alternate translation: "heard the sound of the voice" or "heard Yahweh speaking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/24.md b/deu/05/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/05/24.md +++ b/deu/05/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/05/25.md b/deu/05/25.md index 586f15b454..df8867ff45 100644 --- a/deu/05/25.md +++ b/deu/05/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to remind the Israelites what the Israelites had said to Moses. # But why should we die? They were afraid that they would die if Yahweh spoke to them. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "We are afraid that we will die." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/26.md b/deu/05/26.md index 7380fc2351..7fdb2eb725 100644 --- a/deu/05/26.md +++ b/deu/05/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "There ar # all flesh This represents all people or living things. Alternate translation: "all people" or "all living beings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/27.md b/deu/05/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/05/27.md +++ b/deu/05/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/05/28.md b/deu/05/28.md index 587706c908..535835fb4f 100644 --- a/deu/05/28.md +++ b/deu/05/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when you spoke to me Here "me" refers to Moses. - diff --git a/deu/05/29.md b/deu/05/29.md index 1fba8a085a..1fa93fc269 100644 --- a/deu/05/29.md +++ b/deu/05/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Oh, that there were If your language has an idiom that expresses a strong desire for something, you might want to use it here. Alternate translation: "I would be very happy if there were" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/30.md b/deu/05/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/05/30.md +++ b/deu/05/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/05/31.md b/deu/05/31.md index 1634230e00..6b19be1179 100644 --- a/deu/05/31.md +++ b/deu/05/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # you will teach them "you will teach the people of Israel" - diff --git a/deu/05/32.md b/deu/05/32.md index 8cc1d8e36b..20640c10db 100644 --- a/deu/05/32.md +++ b/deu/05/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses is giving a command to the people of Israel. # you will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left This compares a person disobeying God to a person turning off of the correct path. Alternate translation: "you will not disobey him in any way" or "you will do everything he says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/33.md b/deu/05/33.md index f3f6db36cc..6d58faee4a 100644 --- a/deu/05/33.md +++ b/deu/05/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:40](../04/40.md). Alternate translation: "be able to live a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/05/intro.md b/deu/05/intro.md index 9b9e9272da..336e2da75f 100644 --- a/deu/05/intro.md +++ b/deu/05/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Deuteronomy 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set each of the commandments in the list of Ten Commandments in 5:7-21 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB uses a separate paragraph for each commandment. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Ten commandments -This chapter repeats the material of Exodus 20. It is known as the Ten Commandments. +### Ten commandments -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +This chapter repeats the material of Exodus 20. It is known as the Ten Commandments. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors and idioms -#### Metaphors and idioms Moses uses metaphors and idioms to instruct the people to follow the law of Moses. This is because it is very important to follow these laws. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Moses uses metaphors and idioms to instruct the people to follow the law of Mose * __[Deuteronomy 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/06/01.md b/deu/06/01.md index 9534bf49d3..2f5fab7c9c 100644 --- a/deu/06/01.md +++ b/deu/06/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues the speech to the people of Israel he began in [Deuteronomy 5:1] # going over the Jordan "going to the other side of the Jordan River" - diff --git a/deu/06/02.md b/deu/06/02.md index b4177d8610..516cf815b9 100644 --- a/deu/06/02.md +++ b/deu/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that your days may be prolonged Long days are a metaphor for a long life. This can be stated in active form. This can be translated similarly to "prolong your days" in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: "that I may prolong your days" or "that I may cause you to live a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/03.md b/deu/06/03.md index 99b9ebf12f..f26530abcd 100644 --- a/deu/06/03.md +++ b/deu/06/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "listen" means to obey, and "them" refers to Yahweh's commandments. The ful # a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "a land where plenty of milk and honey flow" or "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/04.md b/deu/06/04.md index 3f6fa03066..39b1c49ff6 100644 --- a/deu/06/04.md +++ b/deu/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh's words as if the Israelites # Yahweh our God, Yahweh is one "Our God Yahweh is the one and only God" - diff --git a/deu/06/05.md b/deu/06/05.md index 9e9ccb05c4..c3789be1e0 100644 --- a/deu/06/05.md +++ b/deu/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your might Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These three phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated "with all your heart, with all your soul" in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/06.md b/deu/06/06.md index b3b2234473..36302a276b 100644 --- a/deu/06/06.md +++ b/deu/06/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses is speaking God's commandments to the people of Israel. # will be in your heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "you must always remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/07.md b/deu/06/07.md index 7d0356b691..84dddbf9fe 100644 --- a/deu/06/07.md +++ b/deu/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will diligently teach ... you will talk "I command you to diligently teach ... I command you to talk." The reader should understand these as commands. - diff --git a/deu/06/08.md b/deu/06/08.md index 600133c441..66d5248e22 100644 --- a/deu/06/08.md +++ b/deu/06/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a metonym for "write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a po # frontlets ornaments a person wears on the forehead - diff --git a/deu/06/09.md b/deu/06/09.md index 44e37ebc0d..f030ff3d90 100644 --- a/deu/06/09.md +++ b/deu/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will write This is a command. - diff --git a/deu/06/10.md b/deu/06/10.md index 278d4b8400..2511dd4dbd 100644 --- a/deu/06/10.md +++ b/deu/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh's words as if the Israelites # large and very good cities that you did not build All these cities will belong to the people of Israel when they conquer the people in Canaan. - diff --git a/deu/06/11.md b/deu/06/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/06/11.md +++ b/deu/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/06/12.md b/deu/06/12.md index 8fcc0c136b..51ac849f7c 100644 --- a/deu/06/12.md +++ b/deu/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # out of the house of bondage Here the metonym "house of bondage" refers to Egypt, the place where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate translation: "out of the place where you were slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/13.md b/deu/06/13.md index 04f567748b..56a68c16bd 100644 --- a/deu/06/13.md +++ b/deu/06/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh's words as if the Israelites # you will swear by his name To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. The metonym "his name" refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it" or "when you swear you will speak his name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/14.md b/deu/06/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/06/14.md +++ b/deu/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/06/15.md b/deu/06/15.md index 42d07e561a..281ccc8798 100644 --- a/deu/06/15.md +++ b/deu/06/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses compares Yahweh's anger to someone starting a fire to destroy things. This # destroy you from "destroy you so that there is nothing left of you anywhere on" - diff --git a/deu/06/16.md b/deu/06/16.md index 5782e85419..e46a42a1fd 100644 --- a/deu/06/16.md +++ b/deu/06/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "test" means to challenge Yahweh and force him to prove himself. # Massah This is the name of a place in the desert. The translator may add a footnote that says: "The name 'Massah' means 'testing.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/17.md b/deu/06/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/06/17.md +++ b/deu/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/06/18.md b/deu/06/18.md index 098b833aa0..45777739c8 100644 --- a/deu/06/18.md +++ b/deu/06/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh's words as if the Israelites # You will do what is right and good in the sight of Yahweh This idiom is a command and a blessing. If the Israelites obey Yahweh, they will receive blessings from Yahweh. Alternate translation: "Do what Yahweh says is right and good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/19.md b/deu/06/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/06/19.md +++ b/deu/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/06/20.md b/deu/06/20.md index 8ed661d032..f7e0d98dab 100644 --- a/deu/06/20.md +++ b/deu/06/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this question the "covenant decrees" represent their meaning and purpose. Alt # your son This refers to the children of the adult people of Israel to whom Moses was speaking Yahweh's words. - diff --git a/deu/06/21.md b/deu/06/21.md index 26b3e757d4..25fd1f2289 100644 --- a/deu/06/21.md +++ b/deu/06/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with a mighty hand Here "a mighty hand" refers to Yahweh's power. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: "with his mighty power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/22.md b/deu/06/22.md index 674421554c..a4bb42b7a1 100644 --- a/deu/06/22.md +++ b/deu/06/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the metonym "his house" refers to the people of Yahweh. Alternate translati # before our eyes Here the word "eyes" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "where we could see them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/23.md b/deu/06/23.md index c7db2e37e4..0fac16dc3f 100644 --- a/deu/06/23.md +++ b/deu/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # might bring us in The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "might bring us into Canaan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/24.md b/deu/06/24.md index 08c6c91f61..1b1dda9d73 100644 --- a/deu/06/24.md +++ b/deu/06/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh's words as if the Israelites # keep obey at all times and for a long time - diff --git a/deu/06/25.md b/deu/06/25.md index 6f3fa162b0..5d1912d78a 100644 --- a/deu/06/25.md +++ b/deu/06/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this will be our righteousness The word "this" refers to keeping Yahweh's commands. This is a metonym for Yahweh considering them righteous. Alternate translation: "he will consider us righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/06/intro.md b/deu/06/intro.md index 6e11702beb..de5601632b 100644 --- a/deu/06/intro.md +++ b/deu/06/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Deuteronomy 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's blessings -#### Yahweh's blessings Yahweh's continued blessing of the people of Israel is dependent upon the people's obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors There are many metaphors in this chapter. These metaphors describe the greatness of the Promised Land and the wholehearted worship that is completely dedicated to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ There are many metaphors in this chapter. These metaphors describe the greatness * __[Deuteronomy 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/07/01.md b/deu/07/01.md index 9e056dcc85..8b5cb8dcb5 100644 --- a/deu/07/01.md +++ b/deu/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh's words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/02.md b/deu/07/02.md index ac4361401a..914a5f0257 100644 --- a/deu/07/02.md +++ b/deu/07/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks of victory as if it were a physical object one person could give to # you defeat them Here "them" refers to the seven nations from [Deuteronomy 7:1](../07/01.md). - diff --git a/deu/07/03.md b/deu/07/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/07/03.md +++ b/deu/07/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/07/04.md b/deu/07/04.md index 70a068b7fa..a43df57a7a 100644 --- a/deu/07/04.md +++ b/deu/07/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses compares Yahweh's anger to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes Yahweh # against you The word "you" refers to all the Israelites and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/05.md b/deu/07/05.md index 24c30a8d8a..c707b2f7ae 100644 --- a/deu/07/05.md +++ b/deu/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will deal ... You will break ... dash ... cut ... burn Moses is speaking to all the Israelites here, so these words are all plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/06.md b/deu/07/06.md index 4b2fb162b4..72742c2eb7 100644 --- a/deu/07/06.md +++ b/deu/07/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken # that are on the face of the earth This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "that live on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/07.md b/deu/07/07.md index 5ae44d015e..c408b7be0f 100644 --- a/deu/07/07.md +++ b/deu/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh's words. All instances of "y # did not set his love upon you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "did not love you more than he loved others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/08.md b/deu/07/08.md index 75dad3127c..a642dedf98 100644 --- a/deu/07/08.md +++ b/deu/07/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the metonym "house of bondage" refers to Egypt, the place where the people # hand of Pharaoh Here "hand" means "the control of." Alternate translation: "control of Pharaoh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/09.md b/deu/07/09.md index 56a050693f..f29b98dea8 100644 --- a/deu/07/09.md +++ b/deu/07/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh's words as if the Israelites # for a thousand generations "for 1,000 generations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/10.md b/deu/07/10.md index a3330c5d9a..182884faf8 100644 --- a/deu/07/10.md +++ b/deu/07/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom means "repays them quickly and openly so that they know God has punis # he will not be lenient on whoever hates him The words "not be lenient" are an understatement to emphasize that Yahweh will severely punish. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will severely punish everyone who hates him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/11.md b/deu/07/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/07/11.md +++ b/deu/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/07/12.md b/deu/07/12.md index 4ff2b436e7..809303e21f 100644 --- a/deu/07/12.md +++ b/deu/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh's words. He speaks as if the Israelites are one person in verse 12 and to all of them as a group in verse 13. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/13.md b/deu/07/13.md index c470d357b4..5751853ce2 100644 --- a/deu/07/13.md +++ b/deu/07/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom for "your crops." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # the calves of your herds and "your cattle so they will become many, as will" - diff --git a/deu/07/14.md b/deu/07/14.md index 739e7b401c..2aa16bb044 100644 --- a/deu/07/14.md +++ b/deu/07/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses uses a negative statement to emphasize that they all will be able to have # among you ... your livestock The words "you" and "your" are plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/15.md b/deu/07/15.md index 32bb98046a..64a0eaad3d 100644 --- a/deu/07/15.md +++ b/deu/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # none of the evil diseases ... will he put on you, but he will put them on all those who hate you Moses speaks as if disease were a heavy object that Yahweh would put on top of people. Alternate translation: "he will not make you sick with any of the evil diseases ... but he will make your enemies sick with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/16.md b/deu/07/16.md index c4f020bc5e..27057f1cf7 100644 --- a/deu/07/16.md +++ b/deu/07/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a command. Moses speaks as if what the eye sees were the eye itself. Alt # that will be a trap for you If the people worship other gods, they will be like an animal caught in a hunter's trap, and they will be unable to escape. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/17.md b/deu/07/17.md index 24cddbc7a3..51d2d8e3d5 100644 --- a/deu/07/17.md +++ b/deu/07/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses uses a question to emphasize that the people may feel afraid of the other # dispossess them "take their land away from them" - diff --git a/deu/07/18.md b/deu/07/18.md index ec2bdde93f..d216eca899 100644 --- a/deu/07/18.md +++ b/deu/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people should not be afraid even if they notice that the nations are stronge # you will call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "you must remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/19.md b/deu/07/19.md index adededb555..69265c9c41 100644 --- a/deu/07/19.md +++ b/deu/07/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "eyes" represent the whole person. Alternate translation: "that you saw" (S # the mighty hand, and the outstretched arm Here "a mighty hand" and "an outstretched arm" are metaphors for Yahweh's power. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: "and the mighty power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/20.md b/deu/07/20.md index dbc9a2074f..68ddb38b7f 100644 --- a/deu/07/20.md +++ b/deu/07/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) God will send actual flying insects that sting people a # perish from your presence This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "die so you do not see them anymore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/21.md b/deu/07/21.md index 5715a0d6c9..057ee9da39 100644 --- a/deu/07/21.md +++ b/deu/07/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a great and fearsome God "a great and awesome God" or "a great God who causes the people to fear" - diff --git a/deu/07/22.md b/deu/07/22.md index 7365ddecb0..84a71a96d5 100644 --- a/deu/07/22.md +++ b/deu/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # little by little "slowly" - diff --git a/deu/07/23.md b/deu/07/23.md index 3a80095ad2..0375aa7166 100644 --- a/deu/07/23.md +++ b/deu/07/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "enable you to defeat" (See: [[rc://en/ # until they are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until you have destroyed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/24.md b/deu/07/24.md index b9cc6f0a93..f34ab18c32 100644 --- a/deu/07/24.md +++ b/deu/07/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelites will completely destroy all the people from those nations, and in # stand before you "stand against you" or "defend themselves against you" - diff --git a/deu/07/25.md b/deu/07/25.md index 81eb62206c..0c7241e33a 100644 --- a/deu/07/25.md +++ b/deu/07/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Even taking the gold or silver on the idols could cause the people to start wors # for it is an abomination to Yahweh your God These words tell why Yahweh wants the people to burn the idols. "do this because Yahweh your God hates it very much" - diff --git a/deu/07/26.md b/deu/07/26.md index 062dc62c42..9e690f7404 100644 --- a/deu/07/26.md +++ b/deu/07/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "detest" and "abhor" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the i # for it is set apart for destruction Yahweh cursing something and promising to destroy it is spoken of as if Yahweh were setting the object apart from everything else. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh has set it apart for destruction" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/07/intro.md b/deu/07/intro.md index 634dc962c6..e2400cdfad 100644 --- a/deu/07/intro.md +++ b/deu/07/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 07 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "You must completely destroy them" -#### "You must completely destroy them" The people of Canaan were to be punished by Yahweh. Yahweh used Israel to punish these nations. If they were not completely destroyed, they would lead Israel into sin. Therefore, they were to be completely destroyed and be shown no mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) -#### Abrahamic Covenant +### Abrahamic Covenant + This chapter references parts of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham. It also emphasizes Yahweh's faithfulness to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter references parts of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham. It also * __[Deuteronomy 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/08/01.md b/deu/08/01.md index 87d62fb84b..17148cef8a 100644 --- a/deu/08/01.md +++ b/deu/08/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc # You must keep ... you may live and multiply, and go in and possess ... your fathers All instances of "you" and "your" and the verbs are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/02.md b/deu/08/02.md index 8d043fcec8..0868c9bac1 100644 --- a/deu/08/02.md +++ b/deu/08/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "You must remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # what was in your heart The heart is a symbol of a person's character. Alternate translation: "what kind of people you are" or "how you would behave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/03.md b/deu/08/03.md index ba5314d7a6..4cf68a10fa 100644 --- a/deu/08/03.md +++ b/deu/08/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "bread" represents all food. Alternate translation: "food is not the only t # it is by everything that proceeds out of the mouth of Yahweh that people live Here "the mouth of Yahweh" is a metonym for the words that Yahweh says. Alternate translation: "people must obey the commands of Yahweh so they can live" or "people must do what Yahweh tells them to do so they can live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/04.md b/deu/08/04.md index 05b0b8f6ee..bf5bd35b4a 100644 --- a/deu/08/04.md +++ b/deu/08/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the last item that they should "call to mind" ([Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/0 # forty years "40 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/05.md b/deu/08/05.md index 0d937f0fbc..18de03a57f 100644 --- a/deu/08/05.md +++ b/deu/08/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of commands that begins in [Deuteronomy 8:1](./01.md). # You will think about in your heart Here the metonym "heart" represents the thoughts and understanding of a person. Alternate translation: "You will understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/06.md b/deu/08/06.md index 86dda9d8bf..2b639dd17c 100644 --- a/deu/08/06.md +++ b/deu/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will keep ... honor him This continues the list of commands that begins in [Deuteronomy 8:1](./01.md). - diff --git a/deu/08/07.md b/deu/08/07.md index eb1ec0ab71..935189ac44 100644 --- a/deu/08/07.md +++ b/deu/08/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc # a land of "a land with" or "a land that has" - diff --git a/deu/08/08.md b/deu/08/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/08/08.md +++ b/deu/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/08/09.md b/deu/08/09.md index bd432e1067..deb3b3635b 100644 --- a/deu/08/09.md +++ b/deu/08/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The stones are full of iron ore. Iron is a very hard metal useful for making swo # dig copper "mine copper." Copper is a soft metal useful for making household utensils. - diff --git a/deu/08/10.md b/deu/08/10.md index 1db9068f7f..351dd89b29 100644 --- a/deu/08/10.md +++ b/deu/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will bless "you will praise" or "you will give thanks to" - diff --git a/deu/08/11.md b/deu/08/11.md index 9830a12761..2c2f12c4b2 100644 --- a/deu/08/11.md +++ b/deu/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/12.md b/deu/08/12.md index ea01bcb9fe..6a47706c9a 100644 --- a/deu/08/12.md +++ b/deu/08/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This verse describes the first two items of a list of five things that might mak # your heart will be lifted up Here "heart" represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person's heart is lifted up. Alternate translation: "you will become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/13.md b/deu/08/13.md index 5c03a75f24..33f0fa1184 100644 --- a/deu/08/13.md +++ b/deu/08/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ increase greatly in number # all that you have is multiplied This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you have many more things" or "you have many more possessions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/14.md b/deu/08/14.md index 86bc7247ca..11a3fc61f3 100644 --- a/deu/08/14.md +++ b/deu/08/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses begins to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh. (See: [[rc # out of the house of bondage This is a metaphor for the time they were slaves in Egypt. Alternate translation: "out from the place where you were slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/15.md b/deu/08/15.md index dacb13a00f..3045b4be4d 100644 --- a/deu/08/15.md +++ b/deu/08/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Moses continues to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh ([Deuter # thirsty ground This phrase describes the ground as being thirsty just like a person is thirsty when he needs water. Alternate translation: "dry ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/16.md b/deu/08/16.md index be4f95a97c..ffd95c122b 100644 --- a/deu/08/16.md +++ b/deu/08/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh ([Deuter # to do you good "to help you" or "because it would be good for you" - diff --git a/deu/08/17.md b/deu/08/17.md index 86ca33db60..5eca5a1f5f 100644 --- a/deu/08/17.md +++ b/deu/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Connecting Statement: + This is the third item in the list of things that Yahweh warns the Israelites that they might do ([Deuteronomy 8:11](./11.md)), the first being "your heart becomes lifted up" and the second being "you forget Yahweh your God" ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)). # but you may say in your heart @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This is the third thing the people might do when their hearts "become lifted up" # My power and the might of my hand acquired all this wealth Here "hand" refers to a man's power or ability. Alternate translation: "I got this wealth because I am so strong and powerful" or "I have acquired all these things by my own power and ability" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/18.md b/deu/08/18.md index 2f2d30a593..38aec7e94b 100644 --- a/deu/08/18.md +++ b/deu/08/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ cause to stand or to remain # as it is today "as he is doing now" or "as he is establishing his covenant now" - diff --git a/deu/08/19.md b/deu/08/19.md index 4b170d30ee..a77a7b3c5c 100644 --- a/deu/08/19.md +++ b/deu/08/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These instances of "you" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # you will surely perish "you will certainly die" - diff --git a/deu/08/20.md b/deu/08/20.md index c5adbc567d..ba6f47b70a 100644 --- a/deu/08/20.md +++ b/deu/08/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All these instances of "you" and "your" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # would not listen to the voice of Yahweh Here "the voice of Yahweh" means what Yahweh tells his people to do. Alternate translation: "would not obey Yahweh's commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/08/intro.md b/deu/08/intro.md index 8293370a5a..d2ed5b5f79 100644 --- a/deu/08/intro.md +++ b/deu/08/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Deuteronomy 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Forgetting -#### Forgetting This chapter recalls the great things that Yahweh has done for Israel and is about to do for them. This is so they do not forget him and they will continue to worship him. They must remember that Yahweh is the source of their blessings. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter recalls the great things that Yahweh has done for Israel and is abo * __[Deuteronomy 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/09/01.md b/deu/09/01.md index 85741cac6a..7df24bf31e 100644 --- a/deu/09/01.md +++ b/deu/09/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: # fortified up to heaven This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because the cities were so large and strong. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). Alternate translation: "have walls so high it is like they reach up to the heavens" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/02.md b/deu/09/02.md index d2408c9f46..6b21b78c62 100644 --- a/deu/09/02.md +++ b/deu/09/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. See how you trans # Who can stand before the sons of Anak? This means that the sons of Anak were powerful and people were afraid of them. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "There is no one who can defend himself against the sons of Anak." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/03.md b/deu/09/03.md index db1e14a2e8..f2e7329e83 100644 --- a/deu/09/03.md +++ b/deu/09/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh is powerful and able to destroy the armies of the other nations. (See: [[ # subdue them before you "make them weak so you can control them" - diff --git a/deu/09/04.md b/deu/09/04.md index f6d3d3df1d..f433585841 100644 --- a/deu/09/04.md +++ b/deu/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "in your heart" means "in your thoughts." Alternate translation: "Do not th # has thrust them out "has driven the other peoples out" - diff --git a/deu/09/05.md b/deu/09/05.md index f32b6c07b4..5397e071dc 100644 --- a/deu/09/05.md +++ b/deu/09/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the metonym "the word" refers to what God has promised. Alternate translati # your ancestors, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are the "ancestors" of whom Moses is speaking. - diff --git a/deu/09/06.md b/deu/09/06.md index 6b251002b4..90615ffc3c 100644 --- a/deu/09/06.md +++ b/deu/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc # a stiff-necked people Stubborn people are spoken of as if they have stiff or hard necks that prevent them from turning their heads. Alternate translation: "stubborn people" or "people who refuse to change" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/07.md b/deu/09/07.md index aa9b8e52d1..0899d9fa33 100644 --- a/deu/09/07.md +++ b/deu/09/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These instances of "you" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # to this place This refers to the Jordan River Valley. - diff --git a/deu/09/08.md b/deu/09/08.md index 6b3f8d684a..83bb0435a8 100644 --- a/deu/09/08.md +++ b/deu/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you provoked ... with you to destroy you These instances of "you" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/09.md b/deu/09/09.md index 26b942e859..0be319d797 100644 --- a/deu/09/09.md +++ b/deu/09/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the second phrase clarifies that "the tablets of stone" are the ones on whi # forty days and forty nights "40 days and 40 nights" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/10.md b/deu/09/10.md index 0dac4bb901..423973097c 100644 --- a/deu/09/10.md +++ b/deu/09/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It was as if Yahweh were a person standing in the middle of a fire and speaking # on the day of the assembly The abstract noun "assembly" can be expressed as the verb "gather together." Alternate translation: "on the day when you Israelites all came and met together in one place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/11.md b/deu/09/11.md index bf77529edc..d951570592 100644 --- a/deu/09/11.md +++ b/deu/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the two tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant The second phrase clarifies that "the two tablets of stone" are the ones on which God wrote the Ten Commandments. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/12.md b/deu/09/12.md index cf10b97a8c..5f59d762d0 100644 --- a/deu/09/12.md +++ b/deu/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They have quickly turned aside out of the path that I commanded them Moses speaks as if obeying God's commands were walking along a path. Alternate translation: "They have already disobeyed my commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/13.md b/deu/09/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/09/13.md +++ b/deu/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/09/14.md b/deu/09/14.md index 361bafe7e7..f51c16a531 100644 --- a/deu/09/14.md +++ b/deu/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # blot out their name from under heaven "make their name disappear completely" or "kill them all so no one will ever remember them." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 7:24](../07/24.md). - diff --git a/deu/09/15.md b/deu/09/15.md index 83e85e6cb3..1d6917488a 100644 --- a/deu/09/15.md +++ b/deu/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past. - diff --git a/deu/09/16.md b/deu/09/16.md index 4cb95e0fea..54028edd61 100644 --- a/deu/09/16.md +++ b/deu/09/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Israelites of the earlier generation had asked Aaron to make a metal calf so # You had quickly turned aside out of the path that Yahweh had commanded you Moses speaks as if obeying God's commands were walking along a path. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: "You had quickly disobeyed what Yahweh had commanded you" - diff --git a/deu/09/17.md b/deu/09/17.md index 2b7cf185c6..f016419080 100644 --- a/deu/09/17.md +++ b/deu/09/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past. # I broke them before your eyes Here "your eyes" is a synecdoche for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "I broke them right in front of you" or "I broke them where you could see them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/18.md b/deu/09/18.md index d2395132cc..0541dae7a4 100644 --- a/deu/09/18.md +++ b/deu/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # forty days and forty nights "40 days and 40 nights" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/19.md b/deu/09/19.md index 5bd8958a22..af6fa04695 100644 --- a/deu/09/19.md +++ b/deu/09/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past. # I was afraid of the anger and hot displeasure with which Yahweh was angry enough against you to destroy you The words "anger and hot displeasure" are a metonym for what Yahweh would do because he was angry and displeased. Alternate translation: "Yahweh was angry at you—he was extremely displeased with you—he was angry enough to destroy you, and so I was afraid of what he would do" - diff --git a/deu/09/20.md b/deu/09/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/09/20.md +++ b/deu/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/09/21.md b/deu/09/21.md index c8ce6c58fb..0ee48d6af0 100644 --- a/deu/09/21.md +++ b/deu/09/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses probably commanded other men to do the actual work. Alternate translation: # your sin, the calf that you had made Here the gold calf itself referred to as their "sin." Alternate translation: "the calf, which you sinfully made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/22.md b/deu/09/22.md index 0f3320fba0..1b0743f989 100644 --- a/deu/09/22.md +++ b/deu/09/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past. # Taberah ... Massah ... Kibroth Hattaavah These are names of places that the people of Israel went through while they were in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/23.md b/deu/09/23.md index 66575a2d6c..b90fc9a129 100644 --- a/deu/09/23.md +++ b/deu/09/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "commandment" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: " # listen to his voice Here "his voice" means what God had said. Alternate translation: "obey what he said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/24.md b/deu/09/24.md index 3116deee8d..81dd9c3a8d 100644 --- a/deu/09/24.md +++ b/deu/09/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the day that I knew you "from the time I began to lead you." Some translations read "from the day that he knew you," the day that Yahweh first knew them. - diff --git a/deu/09/25.md b/deu/09/25.md index ef9db0819d..3eaf345654 100644 --- a/deu/09/25.md +++ b/deu/09/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past. # forty days and forty nights "40 days and 40 nights" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/26.md b/deu/09/26.md index c715a36756..7710d3ee6b 100644 --- a/deu/09/26.md +++ b/deu/09/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "greatness" is a metonym for Yahweh's great power. Alternate translatio # with a mighty hand Here "a mighty hand" refers to Yahweh's power. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: "with your mighty power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/27.md b/deu/09/27.md index c6bfb1ae2a..cd821fc937 100644 --- a/deu/09/27.md +++ b/deu/09/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues praying to Yahweh so that he may not destroy the people of Israe # Call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/28.md b/deu/09/28.md index ff51cfd329..58a813a9a1 100644 --- a/deu/09/28.md +++ b/deu/09/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "the land" are a metonym for the people of Egypt. Alternate translatio # should say "can say" - diff --git a/deu/09/29.md b/deu/09/29.md index 311bb6032f..28da62d61f 100644 --- a/deu/09/29.md +++ b/deu/09/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by your great strength and by the display of your power These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of Yahweh's power that he used to rescue his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/09/intro.md b/deu/09/intro.md index 386dd46a12..de00b5a611 100644 --- a/deu/09/intro.md +++ b/deu/09/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Deuteronomy 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's victory -This chapter assures the Israelites that it is Yahweh who will empower them to conquer the Promised Land. The Israelites will not be strong enough on their own to conquer these other nations. This victory will be Yahweh's. The people did not earn this victory, but it is Yahweh's punishment of these sinful nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### Yahweh's victory -#### Israel's sin -Yahweh is about to punish the Canaanites for their sin. He also reminds Israel of their sin. This serves as a warning to the people of Israel. If they sin again, Yahweh will punish them too. +This chapter assures the Israelites that it is Yahweh who will empower them to conquer the Promised Land. The Israelites will not be strong enough on their own to conquer these other nations. This victory will be Yahweh's. The people did not earn this victory, but it is Yahweh's punishment of these sinful nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) + +### Israel's sin + +Yahweh is about to punish the Canaanites for their sin. He also reminds Israel of their sin. This serves as a warning to the people of Israel. If they sin again, Yahweh will punish them too. ## Links: * __[Deuteronomy 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/10/01.md b/deu/10/01.md index d8b94a5738..a7dab25760 100644 --- a/deu/10/01.md +++ b/deu/10/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate transla # the mountain This refers to Mount Sinai. - diff --git a/deu/10/02.md b/deu/10/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/10/02.md +++ b/deu/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/10/03.md b/deu/10/03.md index 32a8f65efb..de0480a7e1 100644 --- a/deu/10/03.md +++ b/deu/10/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate transla # went up the mountain "went up Mount Sinai" - diff --git a/deu/10/04.md b/deu/10/04.md index fcf4b99670..a3d97d89d9 100644 --- a/deu/10/04.md +++ b/deu/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It was as if Yahweh were a person standing in the middle of a fire and speaking # on the day of the assembly The abstract noun "assembly" can be expressed as the verb "gather together." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:10](../09/10.md). Alternate translation: "on the day when you Israelites all came and met together in one place" - diff --git a/deu/10/05.md b/deu/10/05.md index 4d0d6781b9..c0e1b4a5ed 100644 --- a/deu/10/05.md +++ b/deu/10/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Moses. # in the ark "in the box" or "in the chest" - diff --git a/deu/10/06.md b/deu/10/06.md index dc471c7728..5f35ac8ae3 100644 --- a/deu/10/06.md +++ b/deu/10/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that is where the # Eleazar This is the name of Aaron's son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/10/07.md b/deu/10/07.md index 412eabe164..e22b370314 100644 --- a/deu/10/07.md +++ b/deu/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the background information about where the people of Israel trave # Gudgodah ... Jotbathah These are names of different places the people of Israel went through while in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/10/08.md b/deu/10/08.md index 16c635a58c..21742faa20 100644 --- a/deu/10/08.md +++ b/deu/10/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "name" refers to authority. Alternate translation: "as representatives of Y # as today "as they are doing today" - diff --git a/deu/10/09.md b/deu/10/09.md index 813483a9c0..b19a0e7652 100644 --- a/deu/10/09.md +++ b/deu/10/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "your" here # spoke to him "spoke to the tribe of Levi" - diff --git a/deu/10/10.md b/deu/10/10.md index 25a92fc04b..579e99ba41 100644 --- a/deu/10/10.md +++ b/deu/10/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses resumes reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past. # destroy you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "you" here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/10/11.md b/deu/10/11.md index 49e719da36..204e5163e2 100644 --- a/deu/10/11.md +++ b/deu/10/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. # to give to them "that I would give to you, their descendants" - diff --git a/deu/10/12.md b/deu/10/12.md index cdc11841da..c1ade72179 100644 --- a/deu/10/12.md +++ b/deu/10/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses speaks as if obeying Yahweh were walking on a path. Alternate translation: # with all your heart and with all your soul Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated these two phrases in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/10/13.md b/deu/10/13.md index c9fbb5d3eb..d478c19558 100644 --- a/deu/10/13.md +++ b/deu/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to keep the commandments ... for your own good? Moses uses a question to teach the people of Israel. This rhetorical question begins with the words "what does Yahweh your God require of you, except to fear ... with all your soul" in verse 12. It can be translated as a statement. "Yahweh your God requires you to do no more than this: to fear ... with all your soul, to keep the commandments ... for your own good." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/10/14.md b/deu/10/14.md index cbc30a4fe8..ee19fb1c47 100644 --- a/deu/10/14.md +++ b/deu/10/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These words show two extremes, and are combined to mean that all things everywhe # the heaven of heavens This refers to the highest places in the heavens. Everything in the heavens belong to God. - diff --git a/deu/10/15.md b/deu/10/15.md index 72d61d72a6..ef68221e5d 100644 --- a/deu/10/15.md +++ b/deu/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # chose you Here the word "you" refers to all the Israelites and is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/10/16.md b/deu/10/16.md index 845170b1d7..a24c0a5942 100644 --- a/deu/10/16.md +++ b/deu/10/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "foreskin" refers to the fold of skin on a man's private parts that is # no longer stiffen your necks The phrase "stiffen your necks" is a metaphor that indicates that the people were stubborn, and God wanted them to stop being stubborn. Alternate translation: "stop being stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/10/17.md b/deu/10/17.md index 38e096f170..cc2d86e2e6 100644 --- a/deu/10/17.md +++ b/deu/10/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the Fearsome One "the one who causes people to fear" - diff --git a/deu/10/18.md b/deu/10/18.md index 9e0ff50982..e7a37aecdb 100644 --- a/deu/10/18.md +++ b/deu/10/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to car # widow A true widow is a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age. - diff --git a/deu/10/19.md b/deu/10/19.md index 93131956b6..538af32edc 100644 --- a/deu/10/19.md +++ b/deu/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Therefore "Because of this" - diff --git a/deu/10/20.md b/deu/10/20.md index e60cb7ff72..9f54827c03 100644 --- a/deu/10/20.md +++ b/deu/10/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken # by his name will you swear To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. Here "name" represents Yahweh himself. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 6:13](../06/13.md). Alternate translation: "you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it" or "when you swear you will speak his name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/10/21.md b/deu/10/21.md index f1f5680664..3d22b85c2b 100644 --- a/deu/10/21.md +++ b/deu/10/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "eyes" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "which you yourse # He is your praise Possible meanings are 1) "He is the one you must praise" or 2) "It is because you worship him that other peoples will praise you" - diff --git a/deu/10/22.md b/deu/10/22.md index 23405ac941..2566011197 100644 --- a/deu/10/22.md +++ b/deu/10/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they are one man, so "you # as many as the stars of the heavens This emphasizes the large number of Israelites that were with Moses. Alternate translation: "more than you can count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/deu/10/intro.md b/deu/10/intro.md index fe879a77ff..916b421efc 100644 --- a/deu/10/intro.md +++ b/deu/10/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter. +This chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter. -This chapter focuses on retelling the great things Yahweh has done. It is a continuation of the material from the previous chapter. It is possible that this is a type of sermon or homily, where Moses is giving the people instructions. +This chapter focuses on retelling the great things Yahweh has done. It is a continuation of the material from the previous chapter. It is possible that this is a type of sermon or homily, where Moses is giving the people instructions. ## Links: * __[Deuteronomy 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/11/01.md b/deu/11/01.md index b9e4c3b22a..7d52225efe 100644 --- a/deu/11/01.md +++ b/deu/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # always keep "always obey" - diff --git a/deu/11/02.md b/deu/11/02.md index 196f53e873..77e94d01df 100644 --- a/deu/11/02.md +++ b/deu/11/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his mighty hand, or his outstretched arm Here "mighty hand" and "outstretched arm" are metaphors for Yahweh's power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: "or his mighty power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/03.md b/deu/11/03.md index 6268092b9a..fa7aa242b5 100644 --- a/deu/11/03.md +++ b/deu/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to all his land Here "land" represents the people. Alternate translation: "to all his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/04.md b/deu/11/04.md index a3d7266e52..2ded11a194 100644 --- a/deu/11/04.md +++ b/deu/11/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the adult Israelites who were old enough to see what # they pursued after you Here "you" means the Israelites who were alive about 40 years earlier. - diff --git a/deu/11/05.md b/deu/11/05.md index e0f960efd3..4224bd9138 100644 --- a/deu/11/05.md +++ b/deu/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to this place This means the plain of the Jordan River Valley where Moses is speaking to them before they cross over into Canaan. - diff --git a/deu/11/06.md b/deu/11/06.md index d271a2cdd6..a4930548ad 100644 --- a/deu/11/06.md +++ b/deu/11/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This refers to their servants and animals. # in the middle of all Israel This means all the people of Israel witnessed what happened to Dathan, Abiram, their families, and their possessions. - diff --git a/deu/11/07.md b/deu/11/07.md index 5fbfd4e006..4ec811a5c9 100644 --- a/deu/11/07.md +++ b/deu/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But your eyes have seen Here "eyes" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "But you have seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/08.md b/deu/11/08.md index b4d27a3f09..d211bb4858 100644 --- a/deu/11/08.md +++ b/deu/11/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # where you are going over to possess it The phrase "are going over" is used because the people of Israel will have to cross the Jordan River to enter into Canaan. - diff --git a/deu/11/09.md b/deu/11/09.md index 5f269f44a6..f991e64f64 100644 --- a/deu/11/09.md +++ b/deu/11/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in # a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: "a land where plenty of milk and honey flow" or "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/10.md b/deu/11/10.md index a23cb97ddd..e4ae640021 100644 --- a/deu/11/10.md +++ b/deu/11/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "foot" is a metonym that represents the hard work of wa # garden of herbs "vegetable garden" or "garden of vegetables" - diff --git a/deu/11/11.md b/deu/11/11.md index a046a2b216..b23e893ab3 100644 --- a/deu/11/11.md +++ b/deu/11/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # drinks water of the rain of the heavens The land receiving and absorbing a lot of rain is spoken of as if the land were drinking the water. Alternate translation: "the rain from the sky gives it plenty of water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/12.md b/deu/11/12.md index 86967d8fa4..0babcd4b60 100644 --- a/deu/11/12.md +++ b/deu/11/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "eyes" represents attention and care. Alternate translation: "Yahweh your G # from the beginning of the year to the end of the year Here the two extremes "beginning" and "end" are used together to mean the entire year. Alternate translation: "continuously throughout the entire year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/13.md b/deu/11/13.md index 3ce5da76e9..dc0fe6de6c 100644 --- a/deu/11/13.md +++ b/deu/11/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Moses. # with all your heart and with all your soul The idiom "with all your heart" means "completely" and "with ... soul" means "with all your being." These two phrases have similar meanings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). Alternate translation: "with all your being" or "with all your energy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/14.md b/deu/11/14.md index 9048da6360..80d92bc2a1 100644 --- a/deu/11/14.md +++ b/deu/11/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Yahweh. This can be stated in the third person. Alternate tra # the former rain and the latter rain This refers to rain at the beginning of the sowing season and rain for maturing the crops for harvest. Alternate translation: "the autumn rain and spring rain" or "the rain in the right seasons" - diff --git a/deu/11/15.md b/deu/11/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/11/15.md +++ b/deu/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/11/16.md b/deu/11/16.md index 1c0c797793..a906cbce37 100644 --- a/deu/11/16.md +++ b/deu/11/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" represents a person's desires or thoughts. This can be stated in ac # you turn aside and worship other gods Rejecting Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if the person would physically turn and go in a different direction away from Yahweh. Alternate translation: "you start worshiping other gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/17.md b/deu/11/17.md index 1e165d4c3b..0937f3de45 100644 --- a/deu/11/17.md +++ b/deu/11/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God becoming angry is spoken of as if it were a fire that were starting. This ca # so that he does not shut up the heavens so that there will be no rain, and the land will not yield its fruit God causing no rain to fall from the sky is spoken of as if he were closing the sky. Alternate translation: "so that he does not cause the rain to stop falling from the sky so that crops will not grow in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/18.md b/deu/11/18.md index a8044c59a4..16ce0d3acd 100644 --- a/deu/11/18.md +++ b/deu/11/18.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "heart" and "soul" represent a person's mind or thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/t # frontlets ornaments a person wears on the forehead - diff --git a/deu/11/19.md b/deu/11/19.md index 46d2138e33..77fabc6b32 100644 --- a/deu/11/19.md +++ b/deu/11/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when you sit in your house, when you walk on the road, when you lie down, and when you get up Using the different places "in your house" and "on the road," and the opposites "when you lie down" and "get up," represent anywhere, anytime. The people of Israel were to discuss God's commandments and teach them to their children anytime and anywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/20.md b/deu/11/20.md index e8863f07a0..a0f57018a5 100644 --- a/deu/11/20.md +++ b/deu/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # You will write them on the doorposts of your house and on your city gates See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 6:9](../06/09.md). - diff --git a/deu/11/21.md b/deu/11/21.md index 5d7a662b3c..b08b1b3325 100644 --- a/deu/11/21.md +++ b/deu/11/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. # to give them for as long as the heavens are above the earth This compares how long the people could stay in the land to how long the sky will exist above the earth. This is a way of saying "forever." Alternate translation: "to give them as a possession forever" or "to allow them to live there forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/22.md b/deu/11/22.md index 43a6ec7ae6..6064f4b1e7 100644 --- a/deu/11/22.md +++ b/deu/11/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ How Yahweh wants a person to live and behave is spoken of as if they are Yahweh' # to cling to him To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "to rely on him" or "to have a good relationship with him" Look at how similar words are translated in [Deuteronomy 10:20](../10/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/23.md b/deu/11/23.md index 6a680d5ccc..75e4170b50 100644 --- a/deu/11/23.md +++ b/deu/11/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "nations" represent the people groups already living in Canaan. Alternate t # larger and mightier than yourselves Although Israel's army is smaller and weaker than the people groups living in Canaan, Yahweh will enable the people of Israel to defeat them. - diff --git a/deu/11/24.md b/deu/11/24.md index 47375df34c..98197c43d5 100644 --- a/deu/11/24.md +++ b/deu/11/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the sole of your foot" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: # from the river, the Euphrates River "from the Euphrates River" - diff --git a/deu/11/25.md b/deu/11/25.md index bd5a165019..c138be39b1 100644 --- a/deu/11/25.md +++ b/deu/11/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "fear" and "terror" mean the same thing and emphasize the intensity of # upon all the land that you tread on Here "the land" is a metonym for all the people in the land. Alternate translation: "upon all the people in every place you go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/26.md b/deu/11/26.md index 4c61668a6c..9e3b9a7029 100644 --- a/deu/11/26.md +++ b/deu/11/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Moses summarizes the two options the people of Israel could choose. They co # I set before you today a blessing and a curse Allowing the people to choose whether they want God to bless them or curse them is spoken of as if a blessing and a curse were objects that Moses is setting in front of them. Alternate translation: "Today you must choose whether God will bless you or curse you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/27.md b/deu/11/27.md index 0f311ad570..9cbce47de7 100644 --- a/deu/11/27.md +++ b/deu/11/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the blessing, if you obey The abstract noun "blessing" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "God will bless you if you obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/28.md b/deu/11/28.md index 714c9d0fe9..58bd461ba3 100644 --- a/deu/11/28.md +++ b/deu/11/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The commands of Yahweh that Moses is telling the people are spoken of as if they # other gods that you have not known This refers to the gods that other people groups worship. The Israelites know Yahweh because he has revealed himself to them and they have experienced his power. - diff --git a/deu/11/29.md b/deu/11/29.md index 3077e78073..73959f8ae6 100644 --- a/deu/11/29.md +++ b/deu/11/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The blessing and the curse are spoken of as if they were objects that someone wi # Mount Gerizim ... Mount Ebal These are names of mountains on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/30.md b/deu/11/30.md index 3f1a0852ae..321670ab92 100644 --- a/deu/11/30.md +++ b/deu/11/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Israelites are on the eastern side of the Jordan River. Moses uses a questio # oaks of Moreh These are sacred trees near Gilgal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/31.md b/deu/11/31.md index 57152b3eec..0db59c31d8 100644 --- a/deu/11/31.md +++ b/deu/11/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/deu/11/32.md b/deu/11/32.md index 89c60f9ff1..c25ddac5f6 100644 --- a/deu/11/32.md +++ b/deu/11/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not mean these are new. Moses is reviewing the same statutes and decre # I set before you God's statutes and decrees, which Moses is telling the people, are spoken of as if they were objects that Moses is setting before the people. Alternate translation: "I am giving to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/11/intro.md b/deu/11/intro.md index 4b38054fb2..071c0bddae 100644 --- a/deu/11/intro.md +++ b/deu/11/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Deuteronomy 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Therefore -This chapter begins with the word "therefore," which looks back to the instructions Moses gave in the previous two chapters. +### Therefore -### Special concepts in this chapter +This chapter begins with the word "therefore," which looks back to the instructions Moses gave in the previous two chapters. + +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Eyewitnesses -#### Eyewitnesses The instruction that Moses gives and the retelling of the great things Yahweh has done for Israel are very important. This is because the generation entering into the Promised Land did not witness many of these events. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) -#### Covenant +### Covenant + This chapter is included in the covenant God made with Moses, even though it is not explicitly said. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ This chapter is included in the covenant God made with Moses, even though it is * __[Deuteronomy 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/12/01.md b/deu/12/01.md index ad4847af49..a34a877125 100644 --- a/deu/12/01.md +++ b/deu/12/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses is still talking to the people of Israel. # all the days that you live on the earth The phrase "live on the earth" is an idiom that means as long as a person lives. Alternate translation: "for as long as you live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/02.md b/deu/12/02.md index 500b031bbd..e890bfc565 100644 --- a/deu/12/02.md +++ b/deu/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the nations that you will dispossess Here "nations" represents the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate translation: "the people groups whose land you will take" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/03.md b/deu/12/03.md index 732d8f1bc9..ad800b91da 100644 --- a/deu/12/03.md +++ b/deu/12/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "their name" represents "the memory of them." Alternate translation: "destr # that place This refers to each place where the nations worshiped their gods. - diff --git a/deu/12/04.md b/deu/12/04.md index 6db50fe820..b177fe3cdf 100644 --- a/deu/12/04.md +++ b/deu/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will not worship Yahweh your God like that "You should not worship Yahweh your God like those nations worshiped their gods" - diff --git a/deu/12/05.md b/deu/12/05.md index 5ad78e603d..ec2c15b38c 100644 --- a/deu/12/05.md +++ b/deu/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the phrase "his name" refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one locatio # it is there that you will go They will go to worship where God decides. - diff --git a/deu/12/06.md b/deu/12/06.md index 83ae3a2c84..2b98e75f9b 100644 --- a/deu/12/06.md +++ b/deu/12/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "the offerings t # the firstborn of your herds and flocks God requires that the people give him every firstborn male of their livestock. - diff --git a/deu/12/07.md b/deu/12/07.md index f6f99c2719..3eae49239b 100644 --- a/deu/12/07.md +++ b/deu/12/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the place that Yahweh will choose for the children of Israel to w # rejoice about everything that you have put your hand to Here "put your hand to" represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: "rejoice about all the work you have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/08.md b/deu/12/08.md index dfad4ff112..05d7544251 100644 --- a/deu/12/08.md +++ b/deu/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # now everyone is doing whatever is right in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "everyone is doing what he considers to be right" or "now everyone is doing what he judges to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/09.md b/deu/12/09.md index 0ec9f70f05..4d9b053055 100644 --- a/deu/12/09.md +++ b/deu/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "the rest" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "to # to the inheritance that Yahweh your God is giving you The land that God is giving to the people of Israel is spoken of as if it were a possession that a father leaves as an inheritance for his children. Alternate translation: "to the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you as a permanent possession" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/10.md b/deu/12/10.md index ec0aada552..7262c1295f 100644 --- a/deu/12/10.md +++ b/deu/12/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God giving the land of Canaan to the people of Israel is spoken of as if he were # he will give you rest from all your enemies round about "he will give you peace from all your enemies around you" - diff --git a/deu/12/11.md b/deu/12/11.md index 3e4832002b..489d01dd46 100644 --- a/deu/12/11.md +++ b/deu/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "the offerings t # all your choice offerings for vows "all your voluntary offerings to fulfill vows" - diff --git a/deu/12/12.md b/deu/12/12.md index 3157411cd3..da01ec3558 100644 --- a/deu/12/12.md +++ b/deu/12/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The fact that Yahweh would not give any of the land to the Levites is spoken of # he has no portion Here "he" refers to Levi. Levi represents all of his descendants. Alternate translation: "they have no portion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/13.md b/deu/12/13.md index 1fe98ee980..3d3528a25e 100644 --- a/deu/12/13.md +++ b/deu/12/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # every place that you see "any place that pleases you" or "wherever you want" - diff --git a/deu/12/14.md b/deu/12/14.md index f2bd53450d..a435a677bb 100644 --- a/deu/12/14.md +++ b/deu/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but it is at the place that Yahweh will choose The burnt offerings are to be made at the tabernacle. Yahweh himself would choose where the tabernacle would be located. - diff --git a/deu/12/15.md b/deu/12/15.md index b8d2e072a1..5caeabe3ed 100644 --- a/deu/12/15.md +++ b/deu/12/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A person who is acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person were # the gazelle and the deer These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. Alternate translation: "the antelope and the deer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/16.md b/deu/12/16.md index ef91d250be..e9ce8d4a3b 100644 --- a/deu/12/16.md +++ b/deu/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But you will not eat the blood The blood represents life and God did not allow the people to eat the blood along with the meat. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/17.md b/deu/12/17.md index e7a1507818..20baacec55 100644 --- a/deu/12/17.md +++ b/deu/12/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "gates" represents the whole city. Alternate translation: "inside your city # nor that of the offering you present with your hand Here "hand" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "nor that of any offering which you bring to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/18.md b/deu/12/18.md index b4f0f3bd87..ae0ac84fb8 100644 --- a/deu/12/18.md +++ b/deu/12/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "gate" represents the whole city. Alternate translation: "any Levite who li # everything to which you put your hand Here "put your hand to" represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: "rejoice about all the work you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/19.md b/deu/12/19.md index 5ef5dce682..5fe9bd9a63 100644 --- a/deu/12/19.md +++ b/deu/12/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that you do not abandon the Levite "that you take good care of the Levite" - diff --git a/deu/12/20.md b/deu/12/20.md index ccfcc91214..f8e3d57a1a 100644 --- a/deu/12/20.md +++ b/deu/12/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. This direct quotation can be stated as a # as your soul desires Here "soul" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "as you want" or "as you crave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/21.md b/deu/12/21.md index 4bf9c8cc96..a22b51ac3c 100644 --- a/deu/12/21.md +++ b/deu/12/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "gates" represents the whole city." Alternate translation: "inside your cit # as your soul desires Here "soul" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "as you desire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/22.md b/deu/12/22.md index 678b3fb6b4..f7b9e28e15 100644 --- a/deu/12/22.md +++ b/deu/12/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person # the clean persons A person who is acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/23.md b/deu/12/23.md index e01960b216..cd9b08aab3 100644 --- a/deu/12/23.md +++ b/deu/12/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the way that blood sustains life is spoken of as if the blood were life its # you will not eat the life with the meat The word "life" here represents the blood that sustains life. Alternate translation: "You will not eat what sustains life with the meat" or "you will not eat the blood, which sustains life, with the meat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/24.md b/deu/12/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/12/24.md +++ b/deu/12/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/12/25.md b/deu/12/25.md index 402afb9824..0a8f6cd529 100644 --- a/deu/12/25.md +++ b/deu/12/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what is right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "what is right in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/26.md b/deu/12/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/12/26.md +++ b/deu/12/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/12/27.md b/deu/12/27.md index 390c922945..db41c673be 100644 --- a/deu/12/27.md +++ b/deu/12/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the priest will pour # you will eat the flesh God's law specifies which parts of the animal are for the burnt offering, which parts are for the priest and which parts are for the offerer to eat. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "you will eat some of the meat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/28.md b/deu/12/28.md index 132e8bd7d8..4b89f8f9b4 100644 --- a/deu/12/28.md +++ b/deu/12/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "good" and "right" have similar meanings and emphasize the importance # what is good and right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "what is good and right in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be good and right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/29.md b/deu/12/29.md index 0c387864ae..e7c1f5b231 100644 --- a/deu/12/29.md +++ b/deu/12/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "nations" represents the people living in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # when you go in to dispossess them, and you dispossess them "when you take everything from them" - diff --git a/deu/12/30.md b/deu/12/30.md index 29174cb395..78904f243b 100644 --- a/deu/12/30.md +++ b/deu/12/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after Yahweh destroys # into asking, 'How do these nations worship their gods? I will do the same.' This is a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "into asking about how those people groups worship their gods so that you can do the same." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/deu/12/31.md b/deu/12/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/12/31.md +++ b/deu/12/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/12/32.md b/deu/12/32.md index 569319c5b4..e8be5a07a3 100644 --- a/deu/12/32.md +++ b/deu/12/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not add to it or take away from it They are not to create more laws nor are they to ignore laws that God has given them. - diff --git a/deu/12/intro.md b/deu/12/intro.md index ab9683e752..a50af65428 100644 --- a/deu/12/intro.md +++ b/deu/12/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Deuteronomy 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Covenant with Moses +### Covenant with Moses This chapter is a continuation of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. The reasons for these food restrictions are not always known.(See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Israel and Yahweh +### Israel and Yahweh In the ancient Near East, when nations conquered other nations, they often added the gods of the conquered nation into their collection of gods they worshiped. It was rare to worship only one God. Israel was to be known for worshiping Yahweh and Yahweh alone. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, when nations conquered other nations, they often added * __[Deuteronomy 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/13/01.md b/deu/13/01.md index 62a1725655..a358f9d2c2 100644 --- a/deu/13/01.md +++ b/deu/13/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is someone who receives messages from God through dreams. # a sign or a wonder These two words have similar meanings and refer to various miracles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/02.md b/deu/13/02.md index 25194d5a7e..ee65b08085 100644 --- a/deu/13/02.md +++ b/deu/13/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they were going after or following othe # go after other gods, that you have not known The phrase "gods, that you have not known" refers to the gods that other people groups worship. The Israelites know Yahweh because he has revealed himself to them and they have experienced his power. - diff --git a/deu/13/03.md b/deu/13/03.md index 2926418c9b..99a4e1c3d8 100644 --- a/deu/13/03.md +++ b/deu/13/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with all your heart and with all your soul Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/04.md b/deu/13/04.md index 9a6bb7fb2f..59a0446750 100644 --- a/deu/13/04.md +++ b/deu/13/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "voice" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: "obey what he s # cling to him To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "rely on him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/05.md b/deu/13/05.md index 9775ea4a1e..1f3af12282 100644 --- a/deu/13/05.md +++ b/deu/13/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ How God wants a person to live or behave is spoken of as if it were a way or roa # So completely remove the evil from among you Here "the evil" refers to the evil person or the evil behavior. This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "So you must remove from among the people of Israel the person who does this evil thing" or "So you must kill this evil person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/06.md b/deu/13/06.md index 49c0907e68..56703bf58c 100644 --- a/deu/13/06.md +++ b/deu/13/06.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ Here "soul" represents the person's life. This means the person cares for his fr # secretly entices you and says, 'Let us go and worship other gods' which you have not known -The words "Let us go and worship other gods" are a direct quote. The words "which you have not known" describe the other gods, but they are not part of the quote. In some languages, it might be more natural to use an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "secretly entices you to go and worship other gods which you have not known" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) \ No newline at end of file +The words "Let us go and worship other gods" are a direct quote. The words "which you have not known" describe the other gods, but they are not part of the quote. In some languages, it might be more natural to use an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "secretly entices you to go and worship other gods which you have not known" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) diff --git a/deu/13/07.md b/deu/13/07.md index d15e7466dc..2894477236 100644 --- a/deu/13/07.md +++ b/deu/13/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from the one end of the earth to the other end of the earth Here the reference to the two extremes of the earth means "everywhere on earth." Alternate translation: "throughout the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/08.md b/deu/13/08.md index f49d19c4bd..381ada3fb3 100644 --- a/deu/13/08.md +++ b/deu/13/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "your eye" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "you msut not # you must not spare him or conceal him "you must not show him mercy or hide from others what he has done" - diff --git a/deu/13/09.md b/deu/13/09.md index 7652c093ad..8f703709ee 100644 --- a/deu/13/09.md +++ b/deu/13/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that he was to throw the first stone at the guilty person. The word " # the hand of all the people Here "hand" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "the other people will join you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/10.md b/deu/13/10.md index ce89233a6f..f58f7dcd62 100644 --- a/deu/13/10.md +++ b/deu/13/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # out of the house of bondage Here "house of bondage" represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate translation: "out from the place where you were slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/11.md b/deu/13/11.md index 692fa8696b..5adcd23ffc 100644 --- a/deu/13/11.md +++ b/deu/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All Israel will hear and fear It is implied that when the people hear about the person who was executed, they will be afraid to act like he did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/12.md b/deu/13/12.md index 57152b3eec..0db59c31d8 100644 --- a/deu/13/12.md +++ b/deu/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/deu/13/13.md b/deu/13/13.md index 83d6eb077d..00d8bd3c0f 100644 --- a/deu/13/13.md +++ b/deu/13/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "have pe # have drawn away the inhabitants of their city A person causing someone else to stop obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if the person has caused the other person to physically turn and leave Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/14.md b/deu/13/14.md index 27d1ee304f..cb28bbb7d2 100644 --- a/deu/13/14.md +++ b/deu/13/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Moses is emphasizing that th # that such an abominable thing has been done among you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the people of the city have done such a terrible thing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/15.md b/deu/13/15.md index 6e39448854..1a871cc508 100644 --- a/deu/13/15.md +++ b/deu/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with the edge of the sword Here "edge" represents the whole sword. Alternate translation: "with your swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/16.md b/deu/13/16.md index c109f25a93..fc6e8b1e27 100644 --- a/deu/13/16.md +++ b/deu/13/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # it must never be built again This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one must ever rebuild the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/17.md b/deu/13/17.md index 3e98a90d6b..0c71ad6e7d 100644 --- a/deu/13/17.md +++ b/deu/13/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh no longer being angry is spoken of as his anger were an object and Yahweh # to your fathers Here "fathers" means ancestors or forefathers. - diff --git a/deu/13/18.md b/deu/13/18.md index 83b027da09..2b7543ddf2 100644 --- a/deu/13/18.md +++ b/deu/13/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "voice" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: "you are obeyin # that which is right in the eyes of Yahweh your God The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "that which is right in Yahweh's judgment" or "that which Yahweh your God considers to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/13/intro.md b/deu/13/intro.md index 4f78c1afa7..f1380cda9e 100644 --- a/deu/13/intro.md +++ b/deu/13/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Deuteronomy 13 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Worshiping other gods +### Worshiping other gods The people were required to listen to Yahweh's prophets unless they were encouraging the people to worship other gods. The punishment for anyone leading the people to worship other gods was death. These instructions were to keep Israel's worship of Yahweh pure. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ The people were required to listen to Yahweh's prophets unless they were encoura * __[Deuteronomy 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/14/01.md b/deu/14/01.md index df994bbb21..4cd17a0ff9 100644 --- a/deu/14/01.md +++ b/deu/14/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These were ways the people groups living in Canaan showed that they were grievin # nor shave any part of your face "nor shave the front of your head" - diff --git a/deu/14/02.md b/deu/14/02.md index 3ccdce4df4..82828b0398 100644 --- a/deu/14/02.md +++ b/deu/14/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means basically the same thing as the first part of the sentence. They both # more than all peoples that are on the surface of the earth "out of all the people groups in the world" - diff --git a/deu/14/03.md b/deu/14/03.md index 9c8555bea1..c165f914e5 100644 --- a/deu/14/03.md +++ b/deu/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must not eat any abominable thing The people of Israel were not supposed to eat anything that God said was unfit for eating. - diff --git a/deu/14/04.md b/deu/14/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/14/04.md +++ b/deu/14/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/14/05.md b/deu/14/05.md index 14d2698663..b472c99c86 100644 --- a/deu/14/05.md +++ b/deu/14/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Both of these are types of antelope. If your language does not have a word for e # ibex a type of antelope (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/06.md b/deu/14/06.md index d0fc74baf3..9579b00d3b 100644 --- a/deu/14/06.md +++ b/deu/14/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # chews the cud This means the animal brings its food up from its stomach and chews it again. - diff --git a/deu/14/07.md b/deu/14/07.md index c2238bd4a3..32b701413e 100644 --- a/deu/14/07.md +++ b/deu/14/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a small animal that lives in rocky places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tr # they are unclean to you Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/08.md b/deu/14/08.md index c826fae044..791f8dc2d8 100644 --- a/deu/14/08.md +++ b/deu/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The pig is unclean to you Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/09.md b/deu/14/09.md index 857ce86044..e29498df25 100644 --- a/deu/14/09.md +++ b/deu/14/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the thin, flat part which the fish uses to move through the water # scales the small plates that cover the body of the fish - diff --git a/deu/14/10.md b/deu/14/10.md index db218c0335..d9bb703eae 100644 --- a/deu/14/10.md +++ b/deu/14/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they are unclean to you Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/11.md b/deu/14/11.md index fcbbaacc4b..15643c397a 100644 --- a/deu/14/11.md +++ b/deu/14/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All clean birds An animal that God says is fit for his people to eat is spoken of as if the animal were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/12.md b/deu/14/12.md index 0f1d7d6858..a9ebb96c98 100644 --- a/deu/14/12.md +++ b/deu/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # eagle ... vulture ... osprey These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/13.md b/deu/14/13.md index a3d31dea29..90d78b1699 100644 --- a/deu/14/13.md +++ b/deu/14/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # red kite ... black kite ... falcon These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/14.md b/deu/14/14.md index 6afd568757..ebbfd70af1 100644 --- a/deu/14/14.md +++ b/deu/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # raven A bird that either is awake at night or feeds on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/15.md b/deu/14/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/14/15.md +++ b/deu/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/14/16.md b/deu/14/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/14/16.md +++ b/deu/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/14/17.md b/deu/14/17.md index 43b3b3676c..b6e8047009 100644 --- a/deu/14/17.md +++ b/deu/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cormorant A bird that is either awake at night or feeds on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/18.md b/deu/14/18.md index 8539cf166c..6918622f3d 100644 --- a/deu/14/18.md +++ b/deu/14/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are types of birds that eat small animals and lizards. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # the bat animal with wings and furry body which is awake mainly at night and eats insects and rodents - diff --git a/deu/14/19.md b/deu/14/19.md index 1fcbf41687..afd1ef459a 100644 --- a/deu/14/19.md +++ b/deu/14/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Animals that God says are unfit for his people to eat are spoken of as if the an # they must not be eaten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must not eat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/20.md b/deu/14/20.md index 1beabe98b3..0c6feee5cb 100644 --- a/deu/14/20.md +++ b/deu/14/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all clean flying things Animals that God says are fit for his people to eat are spoken of as if the animals are physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/21.md b/deu/14/21.md index 3f8026392f..bf01463640 100644 --- a/deu/14/21.md +++ b/deu/14/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "gates" here is a metonym for the towns inside the gates. Alternate tra # For you are a nation that is set apart to Yahweh your God Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For Yahweh your God has set you apart from other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/22.md b/deu/14/22.md index d43aefa50b..cca9f035b1 100644 --- a/deu/14/22.md +++ b/deu/14/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means they are to give one part out of every ten equal parts from their cro # year after year "every year" - diff --git a/deu/14/23.md b/deu/14/23.md index dcbe5b77d6..9732442456 100644 --- a/deu/14/23.md +++ b/deu/14/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # make a dwelling for his name Here the phrase "his name" refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there. Alternate translation: "have his people build the place where they will worship him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/24.md b/deu/14/24.md index 78ecd5db7a..f67a7be735 100644 --- a/deu/14/24.md +++ b/deu/14/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "it" refers to the tithe of crops and livestock. # to establish his name Here the phrase "his name" refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 12:5](../12/05.md). Alternate translation: "to have his people build the place where they will worship him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/25.md b/deu/14/25.md index 3d1070a739..e0b09c03d5 100644 --- a/deu/14/25.md +++ b/deu/14/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # tie up the money in your hand, and go "put the money in a bag and take it with you" - diff --git a/deu/14/26.md b/deu/14/26.md index 2f104a77be..51d7ff1dcc 100644 --- a/deu/14/26.md +++ b/deu/14/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # before Yahweh "in the presence of Yahweh" - diff --git a/deu/14/27.md b/deu/14/27.md index 7fde4c6f3e..b973933999 100644 --- a/deu/14/27.md +++ b/deu/14/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The tribe of Levi did not receive a portion of land as their inheritance. Their # no portion nor inheritance with you God not giving land to the Levites is spoken of as if he were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/28.md b/deu/14/28.md index 708d7c26e2..e3560f671c 100644 --- a/deu/14/28.md +++ b/deu/14/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Once every 3 years the Israelites were to store their tithes within their own to # within your gates Here "gates" represents the entire city or town. Alternate translation: "inside your city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/29.md b/deu/14/29.md index c4222cc8c3..16cd0fddb6 100644 --- a/deu/14/29.md +++ b/deu/14/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in he # in all the work of your hand that you do Here "hand" represents the whole person. This refers to the work that someone does. Alternate translation: "in all the work you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/14/intro.md b/deu/14/intro.md index f4716bc1c0..8f03ffb103 100644 --- a/deu/14/intro.md +++ b/deu/14/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 14 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Law of Moses -#### Law of Moses This chapter is part of the law of Moses, which is part of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Clean animals +### Clean animals + There are animals which the law considered to be clean and unclean. The people were not allowed to eat the unclean animals. Scholars are uncertain about the reasons for the animals to be considered to be clean or unclean. The result of these food restrictions was a nation that was different than the nations surrounding it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ There are animals which the law considered to be clean and unclean. The people w * __[Deuteronomy 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/15/01.md b/deu/15/01.md index 6a3332de00..2b7d563709 100644 --- a/deu/15/01.md +++ b/deu/15/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # you must cancel debts "forgive every thing which people still owe you" - diff --git a/deu/15/02.md b/deu/15/02.md index 61b3d8bfa4..8938a0f1c9 100644 --- a/deu/15/02.md +++ b/deu/15/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "neighbor" and "brother" share similar meanings and emphasize the clos # because Yahweh's cancellation of debts has been proclaimed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because Yahweh has required that you cancel debts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/03.md b/deu/15/03.md index feee8610f9..03dcda7709 100644 --- a/deu/15/03.md +++ b/deu/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your hand must release This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "you must not demand it back" or "you must not require repayment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/04.md b/deu/15/04.md index 11ff839927..975521d686 100644 --- a/deu/15/04.md +++ b/deu/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the land of Canaan. # he gives you as an inheritance to possess The land that Yahweh is giving to his people is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Yahweh is giving them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/05.md b/deu/15/05.md index 49d7612fa7..30eec5bac6 100644 --- a/deu/15/05.md +++ b/deu/15/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if only you diligently listen to the voice of Yahweh your God Here the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what Yahweh himself says. Alternate translation: "if only you are careful to obey what Yahweh your God says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/06.md b/deu/15/06.md index a58f5ff5a6..3e6b459614 100644 --- a/deu/15/06.md +++ b/deu/15/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate translation: "to the people of m # you will rule over many nations, but they will not rule over you Here "rule over" means to be financially superior. This means basically the same thing as the previous part of the sentence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/07.md b/deu/15/07.md index 8a8f9c44b6..d7326863ae 100644 --- a/deu/15/07.md +++ b/deu/15/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Being stubborn is spoken of as if the person hardened their heart. Alternate tra # nor shut your hand from your poor brother A person who refuses to provide for a poor person is spoken of as if he were shutting his hand so that the poor person cannot get anything from him. Alternate translation: "nor refuse to help your fellow Israelite who is poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/08.md b/deu/15/08.md index 3c633a841e..2bb1be7225 100644 --- a/deu/15/08.md +++ b/deu/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but you must surely open your hand to him A person who helps a poor person is spoken of as if he were opening his hand to him. Alternate translation: "but you must surely help him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/09.md b/deu/15/09.md index 06753cf5a6..9f65ff66ee 100644 --- a/deu/15/09.md +++ b/deu/15/09.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Something that will happen soon is spoken of as if it were physically near. Alte # it would be sin for you "Yahweh will consider what you have done to be sinful" - diff --git a/deu/15/10.md b/deu/15/10.md index 730ebf88c1..00aa9ddd37 100644 --- a/deu/15/10.md +++ b/deu/15/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "you should not # in all that you put your hand to Here "put your hand to" represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: "in all that you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/11.md b/deu/15/11.md index f992504df6..e87b1e504a 100644 --- a/deu/15/11.md +++ b/deu/15/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A person who is willing to help someone else is spoken of as if his hand were op # your brother, to your needy, and to your poor The words "needy" and "poor" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that these are people who cannot help themselves. Alternate translation: "help your fellow Israelites who cannot help themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/12.md b/deu/15/12.md index ae28a7fc25..ad8f9c777f 100644 --- a/deu/15/12.md +++ b/deu/15/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ If a person could not repay their debts, they sometimes sold themselves into sla # seventh year "year 7." This "seventh" is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/13.md b/deu/15/13.md index 051ad731d9..eced720097 100644 --- a/deu/15/13.md +++ b/deu/15/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must not let him go empty-handed A person who has no possessions to provide for himself or his family is spoken of as if his hands were empty. Alternate translation: "you must not let him leave without having anything to provide for himself and his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/14.md b/deu/15/14.md index e5a5b71052..af8df8147b 100644 --- a/deu/15/14.md +++ b/deu/15/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # liberally provide for him "generously give to him" - diff --git a/deu/15/15.md b/deu/15/15.md index c0466ba1b0..22b6d2fae0 100644 --- a/deu/15/15.md +++ b/deu/15/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" includes their ancestors that were slaves for many years. Alternate t # that Yahweh your God redeemed you Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people from slavery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/16.md b/deu/15/16.md index fcf63955ec..ecc98617f1 100644 --- a/deu/15/16.md +++ b/deu/15/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an # your house Here "house" represents the person's family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/15/17.md b/deu/15/17.md index 908826aebe..4c9b153831 100644 --- a/deu/15/17.md +++ b/deu/15/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a sharp, pointed tool used to make a hole (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-u # for life "until the end of his life" or "until he dies" - diff --git a/deu/15/18.md b/deu/15/18.md index 19de1979e9..39d4b57e46 100644 --- a/deu/15/18.md +++ b/deu/15/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means the owner only had to pay have the amount for this slave to work than # a hired person This is a person who works for pay. - diff --git a/deu/15/19.md b/deu/15/19.md index 80066c6b1c..dede2ae5fe 100644 --- a/deu/15/19.md +++ b/deu/15/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # shear to cut off wool or hair - diff --git a/deu/15/20.md b/deu/15/20.md index facad4a207..8c7194ba0f 100644 --- a/deu/15/20.md +++ b/deu/15/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # year by year "each year" or "every year" - diff --git a/deu/15/21.md b/deu/15/21.md index ee93d05100..2ca4e48d8f 100644 --- a/deu/15/21.md +++ b/deu/15/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lame crippled or physically disabled - diff --git a/deu/15/22.md b/deu/15/22.md index 5ac1322b12..db9ccec642 100644 --- a/deu/15/22.md +++ b/deu/15/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who is acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person were # a gazelle or a deer These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md). - diff --git a/deu/15/23.md b/deu/15/23.md index 63167fde09..4432c9a6d6 100644 --- a/deu/15/23.md +++ b/deu/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must not eat its blood "you must not consume its blood." Yahweh did not allow Israelites to consume blood because the blood represented life ([Deuteronomy 12:23](../12/23.md)). - diff --git a/deu/15/intro.md b/deu/15/intro.md index 0c6635b1b0..e451320389 100644 --- a/deu/15/intro.md +++ b/deu/15/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 15 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Forgiveness of Debt -#### Forgiveness of Debt This chapter gives instructions about the necessity to regularly forgive debt among their fellow countryman. This prevented people from being trapped by their poverty. -#### Justice +### Justice + As Yahweh's chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. This chapter gives commands that encouraged justice by protecting the poor, servants and slaves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ As Yahweh's chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. This chapter gives c * __[Deuteronomy 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/16/01.md b/deu/16/01.md index 84f66d9759..1d824bb526 100644 --- a/deu/16/01.md +++ b/deu/16/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the pe # keep the Passover It is implied by "keep the Passover" that they would celebrate and eat the Passover meal. Alternate translation: "celebrate the Passover meal" or "eat the Passover meal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/02.md b/deu/16/02.md index 0e3f5e1e3b..35922b4e09 100644 --- a/deu/16/02.md +++ b/deu/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Passover" represents the animal that is sacrificed for the Passover celebr # make a dwelling for his name Here the phrase "his name" refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 14:23](../14/23.md). Alternate translation: "have his people build the place where they will worship him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/03.md b/deu/16/03.md index 26f0904783..a236c7b23b 100644 --- a/deu/16/03.md +++ b/deu/16/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The people had to leave Egypt so quickly that they did not have enough time to m # call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/04.md b/deu/16/04.md index bb03c265c7..73417db752 100644 --- a/deu/16/04.md +++ b/deu/16/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must not have any # first day This "first" is the ordinal number for one. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/05.md b/deu/16/05.md index f3be2f2227..bffa652315 100644 --- a/deu/16/05.md +++ b/deu/16/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Passover" represents the animal that will be sacrificed. Alternate transla # within any of your city gates Here "gates" represents the cities or towns. Alternate translation: "within any of your towns" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/06.md b/deu/16/06.md index ac562300d3..0e9b550b00 100644 --- a/deu/16/06.md +++ b/deu/16/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the phrase "his name" refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one locatio # at the going down of the sun "at sunset" - diff --git a/deu/16/07.md b/deu/16/07.md index 68e93d91ec..d3d27dfe78 100644 --- a/deu/16/07.md +++ b/deu/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must roast it "You must cook it" - diff --git a/deu/16/08.md b/deu/16/08.md index b13be6a97f..5b65818f46 100644 --- a/deu/16/08.md +++ b/deu/16/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # solemn assembly "special gathering" - diff --git a/deu/16/09.md b/deu/16/09.md index 5b912360bc..de97fe79f0 100644 --- a/deu/16/09.md +++ b/deu/16/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "put the sickle to the standing grain" is a way of referring to the b # sickle a tool with a curved blade used for cutting grass, grain, and vines (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/10.md b/deu/16/10.md index 70254eb10e..e548053f2a 100644 --- a/deu/16/10.md +++ b/deu/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "and you will gi # according as Yahweh your God has blessed you "according to the harvest which Yahweh your God has given you" This means that the people will base how much they offer on how much they harvested that year. - diff --git a/deu/16/11.md b/deu/16/11.md index b36e9ea2f5..0ea895950f 100644 --- a/deu/16/11.md +++ b/deu/16/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in # make a dwelling for his name Here the phrase "his name" refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 14:23](../14/23.md). Alternate translation: "have his people build the place where they will worship him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/12.md b/deu/16/12.md index 734781e176..c245e747c7 100644 --- a/deu/16/12.md +++ b/deu/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/13.md b/deu/16/13.md index 01baa95706..510a009d8d 100644 --- a/deu/16/13.md +++ b/deu/16/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Other names for this festival are "Feast of Tabernacles," "Festival of Booths," # seven days "7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/14.md b/deu/16/14.md index 509882775d..98370d3d0b 100644 --- a/deu/16/14.md +++ b/deu/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # within your gates Here the word "gates" represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: "within your towns" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/15.md b/deu/16/15.md index 472bfc53aa..5a9d66afac 100644 --- a/deu/16/15.md +++ b/deu/16/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the work of your hands Here "hands" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "all the work you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/16.md b/deu/16/16.md index 2f41dcd698..8e67cef6ab 100644 --- a/deu/16/16.md +++ b/deu/16/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Females were allowed, but Yahweh did not require that they come. The men could r # No one will appear before Yahweh empty-handed "They will not come before Yahweh without an offering" These two negative phrases together have a positive meaning. Alternate translation: "Every person who comes before Yahweh must bring an offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/17.md b/deu/16/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/16/17.md +++ b/deu/16/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/16/18.md b/deu/16/18.md index b43edf7f6f..95d3ea9aaa 100644 --- a/deu/16/18.md +++ b/deu/16/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will choose them" # judge the people with righteous judgment "judge the people fairly" - diff --git a/deu/16/19.md b/deu/16/19.md index be765ff535..dfb569a48d 100644 --- a/deu/16/19.md +++ b/deu/16/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The nominal adjective "the wise" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate tr # perverts the words of the righteous The nominal adjective "righteous" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "causes a righteous person to lie" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/20.md b/deu/16/20.md index b89abcd717..bb61661a6a 100644 --- a/deu/16/20.md +++ b/deu/16/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ justice is spoken of as a person who is walking. A person who is doing what is f # inherit the land that Yahweh your God is giving you Receiving the land that God is giving to the people is spoken of as if the people are inheriting the land from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/21.md b/deu/16/21.md index 05aea75946..075cc2a4e2 100644 --- a/deu/16/21.md +++ b/deu/16/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must not Here "You" refers to all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/16/22.md b/deu/16/22.md index 4fd3bd1479..02068870f5 100644 --- a/deu/16/22.md +++ b/deu/16/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "which Yahweh your God hates" is giving more information about the sa # sacred stone pillar This refers to pillars that are idols used to worship false gods. - diff --git a/deu/16/intro.md b/deu/16/intro.md index 67461442a5..fbf2eb0eaa 100644 --- a/deu/16/intro.md +++ b/deu/16/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Deuteronomy 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Festivals +### Festivals This chapter retells the specific commands about how to celebrate the Passover. This recalled the Passover in Egypt, which was an important event in the formation of the nation of Israel. There are several other important festivals described in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) -#### Life in Israel +### Life in Israel As Yahweh's chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. Also, Yahweh must be the only God in Israel. He alone is to be worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ As Yahweh's chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. Also, Yahweh must be * __[Deuteronomy 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/17/01.md b/deu/17/01.md index ee8e53faec..3e47515161 100644 --- a/deu/17/01.md +++ b/deu/17/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel. # that would be an abomination to Yahweh "that would be disgusting to Yahweh" - diff --git a/deu/17/02.md b/deu/17/02.md index a4881396b6..70d39041a1 100644 --- a/deu/17/02.md +++ b/deu/17/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate transl # transgresses his covenant "disobeys his covenant" - diff --git a/deu/17/03.md b/deu/17/03.md index c63b5016d3..796cf579e3 100644 --- a/deu/17/03.md +++ b/deu/17/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # any of the host of heaven "any of the army of heaven." Here this refers to the lights we see in the sky, including the sun, moon, stars. They are called the host because there are so many of them, just as armies have many soldiers. Alternate translation: "any of the multitude of things in the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/04.md b/deu/17/04.md index 5480f82520..85d8fe698b 100644 --- a/deu/17/04.md +++ b/deu/17/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "investigation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation # such an abomination has been done in Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone has done such a horrible thing in Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/05.md b/deu/17/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/17/05.md +++ b/deu/17/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/17/06.md b/deu/17/06.md index 133dd97c66..2471fb39f6 100644 --- a/deu/17/06.md +++ b/deu/17/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the mouth" represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated i # but at the mouth of only one witness he must not be put to death Here "the mouth" represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "but if only one person speaks against him, then you must not execute him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/07.md b/deu/17/07.md index 5bac9297e4..de91e8faba 100644 --- a/deu/17/07.md +++ b/deu/17/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents the entire group of witnesses. Alternate translation: "Th # you will remove the evil from among you The nominal adjective "the evil" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "you must remove from among the Israelites this person who does this evil thing" or "you must execute this evil person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/09.md b/deu/17/09.md index a23ddeb672..7b1a3c6d64 100644 --- a/deu/17/09.md +++ b/deu/17/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "advice" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "you # they will give you the verdict The abstract noun "verdict" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "they will decide on the matter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/10.md b/deu/17/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/17/10.md +++ b/deu/17/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/17/11.md b/deu/17/11.md index c043a0ef0b..0b9270b5b8 100644 --- a/deu/17/11.md +++ b/deu/17/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person obeying what the priests and judge decide is spoken of as if the person # Do not turn aside from what they tell you, to the right hand or to the left A person not doing exactly what the judge and priests say is spoken of as if he were turning off the correct path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Do not disobey anything they tell you" or "Do everything they say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/12.md b/deu/17/12.md index 785c02a485..dbf3358ec9 100644 --- a/deu/17/12.md +++ b/deu/17/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will completely remove the evil from Israel The nominal adjective "the evil" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing" or "you must execute this evil Israelite" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/13.md b/deu/17/13.md index 78721b6bef..0aa155e213 100644 --- a/deu/17/13.md +++ b/deu/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the people must hear and fear, and act arrogantly no more It is implied that when the people hear about the person who was executed for acting arrogantly, they will be afraid and not act arrogantly themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/14.md b/deu/17/14.md index 19e502ef3d..7e54af3e2a 100644 --- a/deu/17/14.md +++ b/deu/17/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Giving someone the authority to rule as king in Israel is spoken of as if the pe # all the nations Here "nations" represent the people who live in the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/15.md b/deu/17/15.md index 2c2657fc90..c0eab8a105 100644 --- a/deu/17/15.md +++ b/deu/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a foreigner, who is not your brother, over yourself Both of these phrases mean the same thing. They both refer to a person who is not an Israelite. Yahweh is emphasizing that the people of Israel should not let a foreigner rule over them. Alternate translation: "a foreigner over yourself" or "a non-Israelite over yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/16.md b/deu/17/16.md index 379d079548..0a7c8a8288 100644 --- a/deu/17/16.md +++ b/deu/17/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for Yahweh had said to you, 'You will never return that way again.' This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh had said that you must never return to Egypt again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/17.md b/deu/17/17.md index e2d976dfac..f48bc1e08a 100644 --- a/deu/17/17.md +++ b/deu/17/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that his heart does not turn away Here "heart" refers to the whole person. An Israelite king who marries foreign wives and starts to worship their false gods is spoken of as if his heart were to turn away from Yahweh. Alternate translation: "so that they do not cause him to stop honoring Yahweh and start worshiping false gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/18.md b/deu/17/18.md index d137b08e2f..1125f2b64f 100644 --- a/deu/17/18.md +++ b/deu/17/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "he must personally write in a scroll a copy of this la # from the law that is before the priests, who are Levites "from the copy of the law that the Levitical priests keep" - diff --git a/deu/17/19.md b/deu/17/19.md index c14802aeb5..8ae28e1108 100644 --- a/deu/17/19.md +++ b/deu/17/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so as to keep all the words of this law and these statutes, to observe them These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the king must obey all of God's law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/20.md b/deu/17/20.md index a6487f23a4..34478b51d8 100644 --- a/deu/17/20.md +++ b/deu/17/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A king disobeying God's commands is spoken of as if a person were to turn off th # prolong his days Long days is a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated a similar phrase "prolong your days" in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: "be able to live a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/17/intro.md b/deu/17/intro.md index e873359587..2a0caffea8 100644 --- a/deu/17/intro.md +++ b/deu/17/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Witnesses -#### Witnesses In the ancient Near East, it was common for a person to be punished by the testimony of a single person, especially if this was an important person. The rules in this chapter give protection to people, especially the poor by requiring multiple witnesses. This allowed justice to be done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -#### King +### King + Israel was not to have a king because Yahweh was their king. Knowing the sinfulness of the people, Yahweh anticipated that one day Israel would have a king. Therefore, this passage gives commands about their king prophetically. They were not allowed to collect chariots because they were a sign of earthly power and the king was to trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Israel was not to have a king because Yahweh was their king. Knowing the sinfuln * __[Deuteronomy 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/18/01.md b/deu/18/01.md index 9e1d7165ce..ad75c557fe 100644 --- a/deu/18/01.md +++ b/deu/18/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Levites not receiving any land from Yahweh is spoken of as if they would not # no portion "no part" or "no share" - diff --git a/deu/18/02.md b/deu/18/02.md index bb991c8a24..27f3ddb4cd 100644 --- a/deu/18/02.md +++ b/deu/18/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Yahweh is their inheritance Moses speaks of the great honor that Aaron and his descendants will have by serving Yahweh as priests as if Yahweh were something that they will inherit. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 10:9](../10/09.md). Alternate translation: "instead, they will have Yahweh" or "instead, Yahweh will allow them to serve him and he will provide for them through that service" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/18/03.md b/deu/18/03.md index 5a17903833..dc7ea0cc0a 100644 --- a/deu/18/03.md +++ b/deu/18/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the inner parts This is the stomach and intestines. - diff --git a/deu/18/04.md b/deu/18/04.md index 2ef4e8999e..d02806ab69 100644 --- a/deu/18/04.md +++ b/deu/18/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must give him "you must give to the priest" - diff --git a/deu/18/05.md b/deu/18/05.md index ab3271a872..6ed679c0c0 100644 --- a/deu/18/05.md +++ b/deu/18/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the name of Yahweh" stands for Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate # him and his sons forever Here "him" represents all the Levites. Alternate translation: "the Levites and their descendants forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/18/06.md b/deu/18/06.md index ee6c42b1ba..78a14bb423 100644 --- a/deu/18/06.md +++ b/deu/18/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # desires with all his soul This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "strongly desires" or "really wants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/18/07.md b/deu/18/07.md index 38a3ea56dd..0a058ffabc 100644 --- a/deu/18/07.md +++ b/deu/18/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: "then he # who stand there before Yahweh "who serve in the sanctuary in the presence of Yahweh" - diff --git a/deu/18/08.md b/deu/18/08.md index 949973a40d..a59840fe1a 100644 --- a/deu/18/08.md +++ b/deu/18/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his family's inheritance This is what the priest would inherit from his father. - diff --git a/deu/18/09.md b/deu/18/09.md index 42cd067940..099e45deaa 100644 --- a/deu/18/09.md +++ b/deu/18/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "come" can be translated as "gone" or "entered." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # you must not learn to observe the abominations of those nations God hates the religious activities of the people in the surrounding nations. He considers them to be terribly evil. Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate translation: "you must not do the terrible things that the people of the other nations do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/18/10.md b/deu/18/10.md index e9b0d5a480..47fddb90c1 100644 --- a/deu/18/10.md +++ b/deu/18/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "There must not be any # anyone who uses divination ... tells fortunes ... interprets omens ... sorcerer These are different ways of practicing magic. God has forbidden every kind of magic. If you do not have different words for all of these activities, it can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: "anyone who uses magic to try to find out what will happen in the future or to cast spells" - diff --git a/deu/18/11.md b/deu/18/11.md index fbe4594fc6..fdbc79ee00 100644 --- a/deu/18/11.md +++ b/deu/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one who casts spells or a sorcerer or a spiritist or one who seeks the dead This is a description of people who practice different kinds of magic. God has forbidden every kind of magic. If you do not have a word for all of these types of people, you can treat this list as a doublet and translate more generally. Alternate translation: "anyone who uses magic to cast spells or to talk to the spirits of dead people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/18/12.md b/deu/18/12.md index 49a21161b5..a10d716f96 100644 --- a/deu/18/12.md +++ b/deu/18/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # driving them out Here "them" refers to the people already living in Canaan. - diff --git a/deu/18/13.md b/deu/18/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/18/13.md +++ b/deu/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/18/14.md b/deu/18/14.md index f9f5cb1f5d..bd9f3f73f8 100644 --- a/deu/18/14.md +++ b/deu/18/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "nations" stands for the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate trans # these nations that you will dispossess "these nations whose land you will take" - diff --git a/deu/18/15.md b/deu/18/15.md index e342597872..79f5be4f07 100644 --- a/deu/18/15.md +++ b/deu/18/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh appointing a person to be a prophet is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise # one of your brothers "one of your fellow Israelites" - diff --git a/deu/18/16.md b/deu/18/16.md index 51145bb2fa..d24e7df6b9 100644 --- a/deu/18/16.md +++ b/deu/18/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an # Let us not hear again the voice of Yahweh our God Here Yahweh is represented by his "voice" to emphasize what he says. Alternate translation: "Let us not hear Yahweh our God speak again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/18/17.md b/deu/18/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/18/17.md +++ b/deu/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/18/18.md b/deu/18/18.md index 1d29c1a485..52628faa79 100644 --- a/deu/18/18.md +++ b/deu/18/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh telling the prophet what to say is spoken of as if Yahweh would put words # speak to them "speak to the people of Israel" - diff --git a/deu/18/19.md b/deu/18/19.md index 427e30c5d8..dce02fd9cc 100644 --- a/deu/18/19.md +++ b/deu/18/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my name" represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: "does # require it of him "I will hold him responsible" or "I will punish him." Here "him" refers to the person who does not listen to the prophet. - diff --git a/deu/18/20.md b/deu/18/20.md index 907fab5dab..6a99f6fe64 100644 --- a/deu/18/20.md +++ b/deu/18/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "my name" refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation # who speaks in the name of other gods Here "name" represents the gods themselves or their authority. This means the prophet claims that false gods told him to speak a certain message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/18/21.md b/deu/18/21.md index 198d6750d2..bbe15de242 100644 --- a/deu/18/21.md +++ b/deu/18/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate translation: "You as # How will we recognize a message that Yahweh has not spoken? "How will we know if the message that the prophet speaks is from Yahweh?" Here "we" refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/deu/18/22.md b/deu/18/22.md index 4ee06cc504..4e9b4cfde8 100644 --- a/deu/18/22.md +++ b/deu/18/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name of Yahweh" refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate tran # the prophet has spoken it in arrogance "the prophet has spoken this message without my authority" - diff --git a/deu/18/intro.md b/deu/18/intro.md index 26deb5bb38..ee99d80a97 100644 --- a/deu/18/intro.md +++ b/deu/18/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Levites -#### Levites As Yahweh's chosen priests, the priest were to trust in Yahweh to provide for them. He provided for them through the rest of the Israelites. Yahweh was their inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]]) -#### Messiah +### Messiah + This chapter is one of the first prophecies about the promised, coming Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter is one of the first prophecies about the promised, coming Messiah. * __[Deuteronomy 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/19/01.md b/deu/19/01.md index c4d9d8f0df..ad90a52d9f 100644 --- a/deu/19/01.md +++ b/deu/19/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This represents the people groups that live in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # come after them "take the land from those nations" or "possess the land after those nations are gone" - diff --git a/deu/19/02.md b/deu/19/02.md index 67e7232335..af87914ef6 100644 --- a/deu/19/02.md +++ b/deu/19/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # select three cities "choose 3 cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/03.md b/deu/19/03.md index 59ae2f8882..e9db409461 100644 --- a/deu/19/03.md +++ b/deu/19/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that one of the cities they choose must be in each part of the lan # the land that Yahweh your God is causing you to inherit Yahweh giving the land to the people of Israel is spoken of as if the people are inheriting the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/04.md b/deu/19/04.md index 16618fadf3..3700db70e5 100644 --- a/deu/19/04.md +++ b/deu/19/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "neighbor" means any person in general. Alternate translation: "any person # without hating him at the time of the accident "but did not hate his neighbor before he killed him." This implies there was no cause for him to kill his neighbor purposely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/05.md b/deu/19/05.md index 0547cc5a49..8fd11a8f69 100644 --- a/deu/19/05.md +++ b/deu/19/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means the head of the ax hits and kills the neighbor. # to one of these cities and save his life It is implied that the family of the dead man may try to get revenge. The man who killed him can flee to one of these cities, and the people there will protect him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/06.md b/deu/19/06.md index 63ff841efd..5ed19966f5 100644 --- a/deu/19/06.md +++ b/deu/19/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Someone being very angry is spoken of as if anger were something that could beco # though that man did not deserve to die, since he had not hated his neighbor in the past "though that man did not deserve to die since he accidentally killed the other person and was not his enemy, and he had not planned to hurt the man" - diff --git a/deu/19/07.md b/deu/19/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/19/07.md +++ b/deu/19/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/19/08.md b/deu/19/08.md index a6170cfec7..4f8033deec 100644 --- a/deu/19/08.md +++ b/deu/19/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel. # as he has sworn to your ancestors to do "like he promised your ancestors that he would do" - diff --git a/deu/19/09.md b/deu/19/09.md index 3de3f7c58c..54b6c26aaa 100644 --- a/deu/19/09.md +++ b/deu/19/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # besides these three "in addition to the three cities you already established" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/10.md b/deu/19/10.md index 26b8d12869..e6164df97c 100644 --- a/deu/19/10.md +++ b/deu/19/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "blood" represents a life and "bloodguilt" refers to the guilt someone has # may be on you This means that if a family member kills an innocent person, then all the people of Israel will be guilty for letting that happen. - diff --git a/deu/19/11.md b/deu/19/11.md index 524e979013..f53305e3b3 100644 --- a/deu/19/11.md +++ b/deu/19/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "attacks him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # mortally wounds him so that he dies "hurts him so that he dies" or "and kills him" - diff --git a/deu/19/12.md b/deu/19/12.md index 1302b8048f..4b89403248 100644 --- a/deu/19/12.md +++ b/deu/19/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the relative of the person who was killed. This relative is responsible # he may die "the murderer may die" or "the responsible relative may execute the murderer" - diff --git a/deu/19/13.md b/deu/19/13.md index 7ed3ed8cc7..e621077ff9 100644 --- a/deu/19/13.md +++ b/deu/19/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "bloodguilt" represents the guilt for murdering an innocent person. Alterna # from Israel Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/14.md b/deu/19/14.md index 1319279ab4..49388d57c3 100644 --- a/deu/19/14.md +++ b/deu/19/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses means that when the people have lived in the land for a long time, they sh # in your inheritance that you will inherit, in the land that Yahweh your God is giving you to possess Yahweh giving the land to the people of Israel is spoken of as if they were inheriting the land. Alternate translation: "in the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you to possess" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/15.md b/deu/19/15.md index 1763faef1f..5dc908f172 100644 --- a/deu/19/15.md +++ b/deu/19/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "mouth" represents what the witnesses say. It is implied that there must be # must any matter be confirmed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will you confirm that the man is guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/16.md b/deu/19/16.md index a8c8c387b6..3179228405 100644 --- a/deu/19/16.md +++ b/deu/19/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # rises up against any man to testify against him of wrongdoing Here "rise up" means to stand up in court and speak against someone to a judge. Alternate translation: "tells the judge that a man sinned in order to get the man in trouble" or "tells the judge that a man sinned, so the judge will punish him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/17.md b/deu/19/17.md index 21f1fa4528..ea5d22527b 100644 --- a/deu/19/17.md +++ b/deu/19/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means the two persons must go to the sanctuary where Yahweh's presence dwel # stand before Yahweh, before the priests and the judges The phrase "stand before" is an idiom. It means to go to someone with authority and let him make a legal decision about a matter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/18.md b/deu/19/18.md index 52d32beacb..35d3f10191 100644 --- a/deu/19/18.md +++ b/deu/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The judges must make diligent inquiries "The judges must work very hard to determine what happened" - diff --git a/deu/19/19.md b/deu/19/19.md index 43e6fbc170..8d38caffae 100644 --- a/deu/19/19.md +++ b/deu/19/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will remove the evil from among you The nominal adjective "the evil" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "you will remove the evil practice from among you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/20.md b/deu/19/20.md index fa5ae0da7e..0707a0c2a8 100644 --- a/deu/19/20.md +++ b/deu/19/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # commit no longer any such evil "never again do something evil like that" - diff --git a/deu/19/21.md b/deu/19/21.md index 9b24a6c620..a8d8be68b3 100644 --- a/deu/19/21.md +++ b/deu/19/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "eyes" refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: "You must not pity # eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot Here the phrases are shortened because the meaning is understood. The body parts are metonyms for the person whose parts they are. The people must punish a person in the same way that he harmed another person. Alternate translation: "eye will pay for for eye, tooth will pay for for tooth, hand will pay for for hand, foot will pay for for foot" or "you must destroy an eye of the person who destroys another person's eye, you must destroy a tooth of the person who destroys another person's tooth, you must destroy a hand of the person who destroys another person's hand, you must destroy a foot of the person who destroys another person's foot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/deu/19/intro.md b/deu/19/intro.md index e3faf2bffc..ebbead9e85 100644 --- a/deu/19/intro.md +++ b/deu/19/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Deuteronomy 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice -#### Justice Another way justice would be maintained in Israel was by avoiding revenge killings. This chapter describes the establishment of special cities to protect those fleeing from revenge killings. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]]) -#### Witnesses +### Witnesses + In the ancient Near East, it was common for a person to be punished by the testimony of a single person, especially if this was an important person. The rules in this chapter give protection to people, especially the poor by requiring multiple witnesses. This allowed justice to be done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Law of retaliation -#### Law of retaliation The chapter describes a famous law, often called the "law of retaliation." It is said, an "eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot." This does not mean a person who causes another person to lose their eye must have their own eye removed as punishment. This law is not about making all things equal. Instead, it is about limiting the punishment or the ability of a person to retaliate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ The chapter describes a famous law, often called the "law of retaliation." It is * __[Deuteronomy 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/20/01.md b/deu/20/01.md index b681519f21..c0007c4920 100644 --- a/deu/20/01.md +++ b/deu/20/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People considered an army with many horses and chariots to be very strong. The f # he who brought you up out of the land of Egypt Yahweh brought the people from Egypt to Canaan. It was common to use the word "up" to refer to traveling from Egypt to Canaan. Alternate translation: "Yahweh who led you out from the land of Egypt" - diff --git a/deu/20/02.md b/deu/20/02.md index 7991fb960b..b4464d5ea8 100644 --- a/deu/20/02.md +++ b/deu/20/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # speak to the people "speak to the soldiers of Israel" - diff --git a/deu/20/03.md b/deu/20/03.md index 25d5ad6208..f3d1dff84b 100644 --- a/deu/20/03.md +++ b/deu/20/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These four expressions all mean the same thing and strongly emphasize that they # Do not let your hearts faint Here "hearts" represents people's courage. For a heart to faint is an idiom that means "Do not be afraid." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/20/04.md b/deu/20/04.md index 17c21b47c9..5334e22294 100644 --- a/deu/20/04.md +++ b/deu/20/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh defeating the enemies of the people of Israel is spoken of as if Yahweh w # to save you "to give you victory" - diff --git a/deu/20/05.md b/deu/20/05.md index 5fecfdc7cd..8660e1bb8a 100644 --- a/deu/20/05.md +++ b/deu/20/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ One of the officers' jobs was to decide who could leave the army. The full meani # so that he does not die in battle and another man dedicates it The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. If a man who did not dedicate his house died in battle, another man could dedicate the house. Alternate translation: "so that he will not die in battle, because if he dies, another man could dedicate it" - diff --git a/deu/20/06.md b/deu/20/06.md index c8d0f10cba..c9c408e8ab 100644 --- a/deu/20/06.md +++ b/deu/20/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues describing situations that allow a man to leave the military. # so he will not die in battle and another man enjoy its fruit The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. If a soldier died in battle, another man could take the fruit from his garden. Alternate translation: "so that he will not die in battle, because if he dies, another man could harvest its fruit instead of him" - diff --git a/deu/20/07.md b/deu/20/07.md index 61a54399f4..eca3e20f95 100644 --- a/deu/20/07.md +++ b/deu/20/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so that he does not die in battle and another man marry her The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. If a man was engaged and died, another man could marry the woman, and the first man would not have any children. Alternate translation: "so that he will not die in battle, because if he dies, another man could marry her instead of him" - diff --git a/deu/20/08.md b/deu/20/08.md index 22b3ac114e..adb58ec5d0 100644 --- a/deu/20/08.md +++ b/deu/20/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "another Israelite does not become afra # brother's heart ... his own heart Here "heart" represents a person's courage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/20/09.md b/deu/20/09.md index 02485145d1..a5af0c4cdc 100644 --- a/deu/20/09.md +++ b/deu/20/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they must appoint commanders of armies over them "the officers must appoint people to be commanders of the army and to lead the people of Israel" - diff --git a/deu/20/10.md b/deu/20/10.md index a2601d4c5f..25c82b9dd1 100644 --- a/deu/20/10.md +++ b/deu/20/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "city" represents the people. Alternate translation: "When you go to attack # make those people an offer of peace "give the people in the city a chance to surrender" - diff --git a/deu/20/11.md b/deu/20/11.md index 987f1f0d33..3037e7c9d8 100644 --- a/deu/20/11.md +++ b/deu/20/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all the people in the # must become forced labor for you "must become your slaves" - diff --git a/deu/20/12.md b/deu/20/12.md index d3bba59131..4c4aa6e1db 100644 --- a/deu/20/12.md +++ b/deu/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But if it makes no offer of peace Here "it" refers to the city which represents the people. Alternate translation: "But if the people of the city do not surrender" or "But if the people of the city do not accept your offer of peace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/20/13.md b/deu/20/13.md index 2f4f6d1676..c0085e1a7a 100644 --- a/deu/20/13.md +++ b/deu/20/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # strike every man in the town with the edge of the sword "kill every man in the town with your sword" - diff --git a/deu/20/14.md b/deu/20/14.md index a3aebf072c..2874bac7a3 100644 --- a/deu/20/14.md +++ b/deu/20/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # booty These are the valuable things which people who win a battle take from the people they attacked. - diff --git a/deu/20/15.md b/deu/20/15.md index e238cb5164..6f6a14c416 100644 --- a/deu/20/15.md +++ b/deu/20/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the cities Here "cities" represents the people. Alternate translation: "all the people who live in cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/20/16.md b/deu/20/16.md index 21f3b12f3a..00931d6862 100644 --- a/deu/20/16.md +++ b/deu/20/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The cities in Canaan that Yahweh is giving to the people is spoken of as if the # you must keep alive nothing that breathes "you must not let any living thing stay alive." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "you must kill every living thing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/deu/20/17.md b/deu/20/17.md index 92f5e40521..4034b15cff 100644 --- a/deu/20/17.md +++ b/deu/20/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must completely destroy them "You must completely destroy these people groups" - diff --git a/deu/20/18.md b/deu/20/18.md index 21d3d61d63..3160178c0c 100644 --- a/deu/20/18.md +++ b/deu/20/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # If you do, you will sin against Yahweh your God "If you act like these people, you will sin against Yahweh your God" - diff --git a/deu/20/19.md b/deu/20/19.md index dc9b13eda0..ecb0420d3f 100644 --- a/deu/20/19.md +++ b/deu/20/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # For is the tree of the field a man whom you should besiege? This rhetorical question is to remind the people of what they should already know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "For fruit trees are not people, so they are not your enemy." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/20/20.md b/deu/20/20.md index fd83d4f0f1..f8f673f2f1 100644 --- a/deu/20/20.md +++ b/deu/20/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "until the people of the city lose the # it falls Here "it" refers to the city which represents the people of the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/20/intro.md b/deu/20/intro.md index e9e8a73372..1a2799b1bc 100644 --- a/deu/20/intro.md +++ b/deu/20/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,25 @@ # Deuteronomy 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's protection -#### Yahweh's protection Israel was not to worry about the power and strength of other nations. Instead, they were to trust in the power of Yahweh. He is the source of their military strength and protection. This is why a priest leads them into battle, rather than a military commander. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) -#### Holy war +### Holy war + Israel's conquering of the Promised Land was unique in history. It was a type of holy war and had special rules. This war was really Yahweh's punishment against the sin of the Canaanite people. If the people were not completely destroyed, they would cause Israel to sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### "What man is there" -#### "What man is there" This phrase is used several times to introduce a rhetorical question. The questions are intended to tell the readers that Yahweh only wants soldiers who are completely dedicated to fighting for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Excused from fighting -#### Excused from fighting In ancient Israel, men were excused from fighting in battle for several different reasons. Some of these reasons are mentioned in this chapter. Apparently, needing to establish a new house, the need to harvest a field and cowardice were possible excuses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -23,4 +27,3 @@ In ancient Israel, men were excused from fighting in battle for several differen * __[Deuteronomy 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/21/01.md b/deu/21/01.md index d96b3cf284..34604efa69 100644 --- a/deu/21/01.md +++ b/deu/21/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The dead person is lying in the field. # it is not known who has attacked him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nobody knows who attacked him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/02.md b/deu/21/02.md index b749a333e1..a8a5a92563 100644 --- a/deu/21/02.md +++ b/deu/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # him who has been killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "him whom someone has killed" or "the dead body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/03.md b/deu/21/03.md index 9710cd8482..ba9479aace 100644 --- a/deu/21/03.md +++ b/deu/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has not borne the yoke "has not worn a yoke" - diff --git a/deu/21/04.md b/deu/21/04.md index c2519a32d9..9bb0e8276a 100644 --- a/deu/21/04.md +++ b/deu/21/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom for water that is moving. Alternate translation: "a stream" (Se # a valley that has been neither plowed nor sown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a valley where nobody has plowed the ground or planted seeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/05.md b/deu/21/05.md index b02136e536..79f6adefb9 100644 --- a/deu/21/05.md +++ b/deu/21/05.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here the metonym "in the name of" refers to Yahweh and his authority. Alternate # Yahweh and to decide every case of dispute and assault by their word "Yahweh, and they will be the ones who settle all disagreements and cases of violence" - diff --git a/deu/21/06.md b/deu/21/06.md index 26377ae91c..616a0ef825 100644 --- a/deu/21/06.md +++ b/deu/21/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # the heifer whose neck was broken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the heifer whose neck the priests broke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/07.md b/deu/21/07.md index 11b1b00460..6719033404 100644 --- a/deu/21/07.md +++ b/deu/21/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hands" are a synecdoche for the whole person and "shed this blood" is a me # neither have our eyes seen it Here "eyes" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "and we did not see anyone kill this person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/08.md b/deu/21/08.md index 5f7fe4f087..6268ba7035 100644 --- a/deu/21/08.md +++ b/deu/21/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "do not treat your people Israel as if # Then the bloodshed will be forgiven them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then Yahweh will forgive his people Israel for the death of an innocent person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/09.md b/deu/21/09.md index dcd78af85e..bd47dee9a9 100644 --- a/deu/21/09.md +++ b/deu/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what is right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "what is right in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/10.md b/deu/21/10.md index 798b5af02d..1b1f323ba6 100644 --- a/deu/21/10.md +++ b/deu/21/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one m # you go out "you who are soldiers go out" - diff --git a/deu/21/11.md b/deu/21/11.md index ce8ae6f153..0c1ba74462 100644 --- a/deu/21/11.md +++ b/deu/21/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "delight in" here probably refers to tender feelings rather than sexual # wish to take her for yourself as a wife "want to marry her" - diff --git a/deu/21/12.md b/deu/21/12.md index 9623d65879..164a4ef1fb 100644 --- a/deu/21/12.md +++ b/deu/21/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # cut her nails "cut her fingernails" - diff --git a/deu/21/13.md b/deu/21/13.md index 60c8cddaeb..9a77994dae 100644 --- a/deu/21/13.md +++ b/deu/21/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when you took her cap # After that you may go to her This is a polite way of referring to having sexual relations. Alternate translation: "After that you may have sexual relations with her" or "After that you may lie with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/14.md b/deu/21/14.md index d9db11121f..435ca030bb 100644 --- a/deu/21/14.md +++ b/deu/21/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that the man sleeps with the woman. Alternate tran # because you have humiliated her "because you shamed her by sleeping with her and then sending her away" - diff --git a/deu/21/15.md b/deu/21/15.md index 46fe493f4a..825bfc36ee 100644 --- a/deu/21/15.md +++ b/deu/21/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are # if the firstborn son is of her that is hated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if the firstborn son belongs to the wife whom the man hates" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/16.md b/deu/21/16.md index f75f4e60a2..388b21603b 100644 --- a/deu/21/16.md +++ b/deu/21/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he may not make the son of the beloved wife the firstborn before the son of the hated wife "he may not treat the son of the beloved wife as if he were the firstborn instead of the son of the hated wife" - diff --git a/deu/21/17.md b/deu/21/17.md index d094c3e7e2..1f2c1a05ff 100644 --- a/deu/21/17.md +++ b/deu/21/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that son is the beginning of his strength This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "that son is the one who shows that the man can become the father of sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/18.md b/deu/21/18.md index a239a4ab45..a5670aba4a 100644 --- a/deu/21/18.md +++ b/deu/21/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "voice" is a metonym for what a person says. Alternate translation: "who wi # they correct him "they punish him for his wrongdoing" or "they train and instruct him" - diff --git a/deu/21/19.md b/deu/21/19.md index 0f7af4a783..651a7561c5 100644 --- a/deu/21/19.md +++ b/deu/21/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must lay hold on him and bring him out "must force him to come out" - diff --git a/deu/21/20.md b/deu/21/20.md index 292cca091b..f27256fa8d 100644 --- a/deu/21/20.md +++ b/deu/21/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a person who eats and drinks too much # a drunkard a person who drinks too much alcohol and gets drunk often - diff --git a/deu/21/21.md b/deu/21/21.md index 59f3fcef75..e3f6dd4d56 100644 --- a/deu/21/21.md +++ b/deu/21/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: # will hear of it and fear The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "will hear about what happened to the son and be afraid that the people will punish them also" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/21/22.md b/deu/21/22.md index 3c11c6e43b..7f7ae7dfa3 100644 --- a/deu/21/22.md +++ b/deu/21/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you execute him" or " # you hang him on a tree Possible meanings are 1) "after he has died you hang him on a tree" or 2) "you kill him by hanging him on a wooden post" - diff --git a/deu/21/23.md b/deu/21/23.md index 63a5683c21..4475daf9a3 100644 --- a/deu/21/23.md +++ b/deu/21/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "because God curses # You must not defile the land Leaving the body on the tree would defile the land. - diff --git a/deu/21/intro.md b/deu/21/intro.md index 18ba175daf..c610c4570b 100644 --- a/deu/21/intro.md +++ b/deu/21/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Deuteronomy 21 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Elders -#### Elders Older men were required to lead the people of Israel and help to administer justice. These men would function as judges, which would later become a more official position. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -#### Peace in Israel -The rules and instructions in this chapter help to ensure peace in Israel. This is not a military peace. Instead, it is about establishing peace within Israel and among the people. +### Peace in Israel + +The rules and instructions in this chapter help to ensure peace in Israel. This is not a military peace. Instead, it is about establishing peace within Israel and among the people. ## Links: * __[Deuteronomy 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/22/01.md b/deu/22/01.md index 92c85b188a..dece7b4a9e 100644 --- a/deu/22/01.md +++ b/deu/22/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # hide yourself from them This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "act as if you do not see them" or "go away without doing anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/02.md b/deu/22/02.md index 3d3582f54a..0108b00095 100644 --- a/deu/22/02.md +++ b/deu/22/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # it must be with you until he looks for it "you must keep the animal with you until its owner comes looking for it" - diff --git a/deu/22/03.md b/deu/22/03.md index 6f6dfe152c..b195f9303a 100644 --- a/deu/22/03.md +++ b/deu/22/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # you must not hide yourself This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "you must not act as if you do not see that he has lost something" or "you must not go away without doing anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/04.md b/deu/22/04.md index 2f707e0f77..52cf753ac4 100644 --- a/deu/22/04.md +++ b/deu/22/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must surely help him to lift it up again "you must help your fellow Israelite lift the animal back up onto its feet" - diff --git a/deu/22/05.md b/deu/22/05.md index db26a2e1de..bb298c761d 100644 --- a/deu/22/05.md +++ b/deu/22/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel. # what pertains to a man "men's clothing" - diff --git a/deu/22/06.md b/deu/22/06.md index 70f12890a1..980e4165f3 100644 --- a/deu/22/06.md +++ b/deu/22/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a home that birds make for themselves out of sticks, grass, plants, and mud # the mother sitting on the young "the mother bird is sitting on the baby birds" - diff --git a/deu/22/07.md b/deu/22/07.md index 2f75777baf..ea4378ed32 100644 --- a/deu/22/07.md +++ b/deu/22/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: "be able to live a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/08.md b/deu/22/08.md index 4340a19be5..9b54b57dfa 100644 --- a/deu/22/08.md +++ b/deu/22/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Blood is a symbol for death. Alternate translation: "so that it will not be the # if anyone falls from there "if anyone falls from the roof because you did not make a railing" - diff --git a/deu/22/09.md b/deu/22/09.md index dddd2d8fe4..2d986ac4ee 100644 --- a/deu/22/09.md +++ b/deu/22/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "holy place" is a metonym for the priests who work in the holy place. # the yield of the vineyard "the fruit that grows in the vineyard" - diff --git a/deu/22/10.md b/deu/22/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/22/10.md +++ b/deu/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/22/11.md b/deu/22/11.md index f0dc8e6cf8..84dba3425c 100644 --- a/deu/22/11.md +++ b/deu/22/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ soft, curly hair that grows on a sheep # linen thread made from the flax plant (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/12.md b/deu/22/12.md index ee380e6f38..1e704c4304 100644 --- a/deu/22/12.md +++ b/deu/22/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ threads that are bound together and hang from the end of each corner of the cloa # the cloak a long garment that a person wears over his other clothes - diff --git a/deu/22/13.md b/deu/22/13.md index 3b4ce61a43..4f88f87250 100644 --- a/deu/22/13.md +++ b/deu/22/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # he goes to her This is a polite way of referring to having sexual relations. Alternate translation: "he has sexual relations with her" or "he lies with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/14.md b/deu/22/14.md index a9b32b6e23..e6d5143b62 100644 --- a/deu/22/14.md +++ b/deu/22/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a polite way of referring to sexual relations. Alternate translation: "b # I found no proof of virginity in her The abstract noun "proof" can be translated as a verb phrase. Alternate translation: "she could not prove to me that she was a virgin" - diff --git a/deu/22/15.md b/deu/22/15.md index 67e958d9fa..f78a885371 100644 --- a/deu/22/15.md +++ b/deu/22/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel. # must take proof of her virginity The abstract nouns "proof" and "virginity" can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: "must take something that proves that she has never had sexual relations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/16.md b/deu/22/16.md index 83953e48a2..a378e08e33 100644 --- a/deu/22/16.md +++ b/deu/22/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/deu/22/17.md b/deu/22/17.md index 46c0eead80..d42edf0cab 100644 --- a/deu/22/17.md +++ b/deu/22/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract nouns "proof" and "virginity" can be translated as verb phrases. Al # Then they will spread the garment out before the elders of the city The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "And then the mother and father will show the clothing with the bloodstain to the elders as proof that she was a virgin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/18.md b/deu/22/18.md index 57152b3eec..0db59c31d8 100644 --- a/deu/22/18.md +++ b/deu/22/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/deu/22/19.md b/deu/22/19.md index 656f6929df..7d1632d85c 100644 --- a/deu/22/19.md +++ b/deu/22/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The abstract noun "reputation" can be translated as a verb phrase. Alternate tra # during all his days This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "for his entire life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/20.md b/deu/22/20.md index b28ce5fb6a..74ec94e42e 100644 --- a/deu/22/20.md +++ b/deu/22/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the man did not # the proof of virginity The abstract nouns "proof" and "virginity" can be translated as verb phrases. Alternate translation: "something that proves that the girl has never had sexual relations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/21.md b/deu/22/21.md index 130232e3cb..836a7d8e13 100644 --- a/deu/22/21.md +++ b/deu/22/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # you will remove the evil The adjective "evil" can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing" or "you must execute this evil person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/22.md b/deu/22/22.md index 94b9484599..22911c18c5 100644 --- a/deu/22/22.md +++ b/deu/22/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "having sexual relations with" (See: # and you will remove "in this way you will remove" - diff --git a/deu/22/23.md b/deu/22/23.md index ab06a36d4d..07eadba99c 100644 --- a/deu/22/23.md +++ b/deu/22/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "you" is sin # lies with her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "has sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/24.md b/deu/22/24.md index 7202d6bb6c..fdf85398a9 100644 --- a/deu/22/24.md +++ b/deu/22/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Israelites at that time thought of a man and woman who had engaged each othe # you will remove the evil from among you The adjective "evil" can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing" or "you must execute this evil person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/25.md b/deu/22/25.md index 27d8a57f32..14617c0650 100644 --- a/deu/22/25.md +++ b/deu/22/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "has sexual relations with her" (See # then only the man who lies with her must die "then you must only kill the man who lay with her" - diff --git a/deu/22/26.md b/deu/22/26.md index fe0c7a8679..6bb45808e1 100644 --- a/deu/22/26.md +++ b/deu/22/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # For this case is like when a man attacks his neighbor and kills him "Because this situation is like the situation when somebody attacks another person and kills him" - diff --git a/deu/22/27.md b/deu/22/27.md index 078ba34638..7e06e6f7a9 100644 --- a/deu/22/27.md +++ b/deu/22/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For he found her in the field "Because the man found the girl working in the field" - diff --git a/deu/22/28.md b/deu/22/28.md index c69f27186f..366fa84f39 100644 --- a/deu/22/28.md +++ b/deu/22/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "has sexual relations with her" (See # if they are discovered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if somebody finds out what happened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/29.md b/deu/22/29.md index 21d74be242..d2a2cebc37 100644 --- a/deu/22/29.md +++ b/deu/22/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # who lay with her + This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "who had sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) # fifty shekels of silver @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ A shekel weighs eleven grams. Alternate translation: "fifty pieces of silver" or # He may not send her away during all his days This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "He must never divorce her during his entire life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/30.md b/deu/22/30.md index 5cd90dc96a..22c7430bce 100644 --- a/deu/22/30.md +++ b/deu/22/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must not take his father's wife as his own The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "must not marry his father's former wife, even if she is not his mother" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/22/intro.md b/deu/22/intro.md index 801a4870d1..fdd261b96b 100644 --- a/deu/22/intro.md +++ b/deu/22/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 22 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Order in Israel -#### Order in Israel The instructions in this chapter help to maintain order in this chapter. The people are to have integrity. The people's sin will result in serious punishment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Virgin woman +### Virgin woman + If a woman was not a virgin, she was not considered to be worth marrying. The man who slept with her was responsible for providing for her since she will not be able to find a husband to provide for her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ If a woman was not a virgin, she was not considered to be worth marrying. The ma * __[Deuteronomy 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/23/01.md b/deu/23/01.md index d31cb90462..4fa2411bac 100644 --- a/deu/23/01.md +++ b/deu/23/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # may enter the assembly of Yahweh This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "may be a full member of the Israelite community" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/02.md b/deu/23/02.md index c59bfac450..d173f1236d 100644 --- a/deu/23/02.md +++ b/deu/23/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This "tenth" is the ordinal number for ten. Alternate translation: "even after t # none of them "none of these descendants" - diff --git a/deu/23/03.md b/deu/23/03.md index 3ebd11f522..8158ab3c45 100644 --- a/deu/23/03.md +++ b/deu/23/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "may not be a full member of the Israel # as far as to the tenth generation of his descendants This "tenth"is the ordinal number for ten. Alternate translation: "even after ten generations of his descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/04.md b/deu/23/04.md index afd4b5f567..00b03227b7 100644 --- a/deu/23/04.md +++ b/deu/23/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # against you ... curse you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "you" here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/05.md b/deu/23/05.md index 70b32b520b..e706814478 100644 --- a/deu/23/05.md +++ b/deu/23/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "did not pay attention" (See: [[rc://en # turned the curse into a blessing for you "had him bless you and not curse you" - diff --git a/deu/23/06.md b/deu/23/06.md index 65ea5f88ea..c94e28141c 100644 --- a/deu/23/06.md +++ b/deu/23/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "You should never make a peace treaty with the Ammonite # during all your days This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "as long as you are a nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/07.md b/deu/23/07.md index 3aa96a21d3..f4ed03d4d6 100644 --- a/deu/23/07.md +++ b/deu/23/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # you must not abhor an Egyptian "do not hate an Egyptian" - diff --git a/deu/23/08.md b/deu/23/08.md index 8c2c1df49b..01a5e4ffd6 100644 --- a/deu/23/08.md +++ b/deu/23/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The descendants of the third generation that are born to them may belong to the assembly of Yahweh This "third" is the ordinal number for three. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "If an Edomite or an Egyptian comes to live in the Israelite community, his grandchildren may become full members of that community" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/09.md b/deu/23/09.md index f7b855f345..59e33b881a 100644 --- a/deu/23/09.md +++ b/deu/23/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks here to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" # keep yourselves from every evil thing "keep yourselves away from all bad things" - diff --git a/deu/23/10.md b/deu/23/10.md index 52a45c65ef..804f78c351 100644 --- a/deu/23/10.md +++ b/deu/23/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # any man who is unclean because of a nighttime accident This is a polite way of saying that he had an emission of semen. Alternate translation: "any man who is unclean because he had an emission of semen while he was asleep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/11.md b/deu/23/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/23/11.md +++ b/deu/23/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/23/12.md b/deu/23/12.md index 05acb3814a..f9b09bcc10 100644 --- a/deu/23/12.md +++ b/deu/23/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and "your" here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/13.md b/deu/23/13.md index 2d55932760..b106c4c49e 100644 --- a/deu/23/13.md +++ b/deu/23/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying to defecate. Alternate translation: "when you squ # cover up what has come out from you "cover up your excrement" - diff --git a/deu/23/14.md b/deu/23/14.md index 18de9c20a0..aa7f2490b8 100644 --- a/deu/23/14.md +++ b/deu/23/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that he may not see any unclean thing among you "so that Yahweh may not see any unclean thing among you" - diff --git a/deu/23/15.md b/deu/23/15.md index 7b6e9e70fe..c0e560ef32 100644 --- a/deu/23/15.md +++ b/deu/23/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # a slave who has escaped from his master The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "a slave from another country who escaped from his master and came to Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/16.md b/deu/23/16.md index b15b223989..80fa956fb5 100644 --- a/deu/23/16.md +++ b/deu/23/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let him live with you "Let the slave live among your people" - diff --git a/deu/23/17.md b/deu/23/17.md index ff117766d2..5c1df7796d 100644 --- a/deu/23/17.md +++ b/deu/23/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # cultic prostitute ... among any of the daughters ... among the sons Possible meanings are that Moses 1) openly forbids women and men to perform sexual acts as part of temple service or 2) uses a euphemism to forbid women and men to perform sexual acts to receive money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/18.md b/deu/23/18.md index d99e8b1b24..ce9ebccf60 100644 --- a/deu/23/18.md +++ b/deu/23/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a man who allows men to have sex with him for money # both these the wages of a female prostitute and of a male prostitute. - diff --git a/deu/23/19.md b/deu/23/19.md index fa8c86c429..2c90fc49b4 100644 --- a/deu/23/19.md +++ b/deu/23/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ to lend to somebody and force that person to pay back more than was lent # interest of money ... anything that is lent on interest "you must not charge interest when you lend somebody money, food, or anything else" - diff --git a/deu/23/20.md b/deu/23/20.md index 7a5f8a15d0..5255d1f147 100644 --- a/deu/23/20.md +++ b/deu/23/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all that you put your hand to This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "all that you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/21.md b/deu/23/21.md index f20783537b..81edbc20b9 100644 --- a/deu/23/21.md +++ b/deu/23/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # for Yahweh your God will surely require it of you "because Yahweh your God will blame you and punish you if you do not fulfill your vow" - diff --git a/deu/23/22.md b/deu/23/22.md index d52750551e..abaf2d55f7 100644 --- a/deu/23/22.md +++ b/deu/23/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But if you will refrain from making a vow, it will be no sin for you The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "But, if you do not make a vow, you will not sin because you will not have a vow to fulfill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/23.md b/deu/23/23.md index 1eb37e8354..e0bf383648 100644 --- a/deu/23/23.md +++ b/deu/23/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "The words you have spoken" (See: [[rc: # with your mouth "so that people heard you say it" - diff --git a/deu/23/24.md b/deu/23/24.md index 23805347c4..edd80c5125 100644 --- a/deu/23/24.md +++ b/deu/23/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # but do not put any in your basket The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "but you may not put any grapes in your bag to take them away with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/23/25.md b/deu/23/25.md index 0c5b5624ce..780e4641f4 100644 --- a/deu/23/25.md +++ b/deu/23/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # sickle a sharp tool that farmers use to harvest wheat - diff --git a/deu/23/intro.md b/deu/23/intro.md index d58ffd88a5..fc5faab12e 100644 --- a/deu/23/intro.md +++ b/deu/23/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 23 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The assembly of Yahweh -This was probably the corporate worship of Yahweh, when the people would come together to worship him. +### The assembly of Yahweh + +This was probably the corporate worship of Yahweh, when the people would come together to worship him. + +### Racial superiority -#### Racial superiority Yahweh viewed Israel as superior to the other nations of Canaan. In many cultures, this may be seen as immoral. It must be remembered that the instructions of this chapter are very remote from the modern world. These people groups were always sinful and idolatrous. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Yahweh viewed Israel as superior to the other nations of Canaan. In many culture * __[Deuteronomy 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/24/01.md b/deu/24/01.md index 9bf2dd82b1..f77e96bd9e 100644 --- a/deu/24/01.md +++ b/deu/24/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word translated "shameful" here implies sexual immorality. # he must write her a certificate of divorce "he must give his wife an official paper saying that they are not married anymore" - diff --git a/deu/24/02.md b/deu/24/02.md index 6981beb28d..de72a3939c 100644 --- a/deu/24/02.md +++ b/deu/24/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she may go and be another man's wife "she may go and marry another man" - diff --git a/deu/24/03.md b/deu/24/03.md index f6d4dedaa0..2df9ddc19f 100644 --- a/deu/24/03.md +++ b/deu/24/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an official paper saying that the man and woman are not married anymore. # puts it into her hand "gives it to the woman" - diff --git a/deu/24/04.md b/deu/24/04.md index 1338d36a0d..6da5d4c5f8 100644 --- a/deu/24/04.md +++ b/deu/24/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # You must not cause the land to become guilty The land is spoken of as if it could sin. Alternate translation: "You must not spread guilt around in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/05.md b/deu/24/05.md index c3117452f4..f86e94a538 100644 --- a/deu/24/05.md +++ b/deu/24/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and no one is to forc # he will be free to be at home "he will be free to live at home" - diff --git a/deu/24/06.md b/deu/24/06.md index 8f84ef8ac8..e1490f8543 100644 --- a/deu/24/06.md +++ b/deu/24/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the top disc of stone in a mill # for that would be taking a person's life as a pledge The word "life" is a metonym for what a person needs to keep himself alive. Alternate translation: "because he would be taking from the man what the man needs to make food for his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/07.md b/deu/24/07.md index 58fad475cf..2e2d0ed6db 100644 --- a/deu/24/07.md +++ b/deu/24/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ using physical force to take an innocent person away from his home and imprison # you will remove the evil from among you The adjective "evil" can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing" or "you must execute this evil person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/08.md b/deu/24/08.md index 588a68dd27..53505e0a9f 100644 --- a/deu/24/08.md +++ b/deu/24/08.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Moses here speaks to the Israelites as a group, so these instances of the word " # commanded them The word "them" refers to the priests, who are Levites. - diff --git a/deu/24/09.md b/deu/24/09.md index 69b2d86ada..ad0b3d44ce 100644 --- a/deu/24/09.md +++ b/deu/24/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # as you were coming out of Egypt "during the time when you were leaving Egypt" - diff --git a/deu/24/10.md b/deu/24/10.md index 7bd261785c..8d3a3d74e7 100644 --- a/deu/24/10.md +++ b/deu/24/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # his pledge This refers to what he has promised that he would give you if he did not pay back the loan. - diff --git a/deu/24/11.md b/deu/24/11.md index dff146b426..83d8e54042 100644 --- a/deu/24/11.md +++ b/deu/24/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will stand outside "You should wait outside his house" - diff --git a/deu/24/12.md b/deu/24/12.md index 667fe606f9..b6f1854e5a 100644 --- a/deu/24/12.md +++ b/deu/24/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # his pledge This refers to what he has promised that he would give you if he did not pay back the loan. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 24:10](../24/10.md). - diff --git a/deu/24/13.md b/deu/24/13.md index 5457223322..9dfc76c912 100644 --- a/deu/24/13.md +++ b/deu/24/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a coat or other clothing that keeps a person warm at night. This was pro # it will be righteousness for you before Yahweh your God "Yahweh your God will approve of the way you handled this matter" - diff --git a/deu/24/14.md b/deu/24/14.md index 4793f586ca..591fa50de1 100644 --- a/deu/24/14.md +++ b/deu/24/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two words have similar meanings and emphasize that this is a person who ca # within your city gates Here "city gates" mean towns or cities. Alternate translation: "in one of your cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/15.md b/deu/24/15.md index d09671e6fc..18da9938a8 100644 --- a/deu/24/15.md +++ b/deu/24/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # he does not cry out against you to Yahweh "he does not call out to Yahweh and ask him to punish you" - diff --git a/deu/24/16.md b/deu/24/16.md index d3665ce546..2959634062 100644 --- a/deu/24/16.md +++ b/deu/24/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form, Alternate translation: "and you must not exec # Everyone must be put to death for his own sin This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you should only execute a person because of something bad that he did himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/17.md b/deu/24/17.md index 91cba55967..f4d67f9382 100644 --- a/deu/24/17.md +++ b/deu/24/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives t # nor take the widow's cloak as a pledge A lender would take something from the borrower to ensure that she would pay him back. He was not allowed to take her coat because she needed it to stay warm. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "and do not take a widow's cloak as a pledge because she needs it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/18.md b/deu/24/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/24/18.md +++ b/deu/24/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/24/19.md b/deu/24/19.md index c4f25b8cea..eedaa429c3 100644 --- a/deu/24/19.md +++ b/deu/24/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "you must # in all the work of your hands Here "hands" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "in all the work that you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/20.md b/deu/24/20.md index 2f7b2ffc8f..8948725c81 100644 --- a/deu/24/20.md +++ b/deu/24/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "When you # it will be for the foreigner, for the fatherless, or for the widow You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "the olives that stay on the branches are for foreigners, orphans, and widows to pick and take with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/21.md b/deu/24/21.md index 0799b5a09b..96ee56c1e3 100644 --- a/deu/24/21.md +++ b/deu/24/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # for the foreigner, for the fatherless, and for the widow These refer to groups of people. Alternate translation: "for foreigners, for those who are fatherless, and for the widows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/22.md b/deu/24/22.md index 734781e176..c245e747c7 100644 --- a/deu/24/22.md +++ b/deu/24/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/24/intro.md b/deu/24/intro.md index 4415a27fa3..77cfb081f8 100644 --- a/deu/24/intro.md +++ b/deu/24/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Deuteronomy 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + This chapter continues the teaching about how to maintain justice in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "No man may take a mill or an upper millstone as a pledge" -#### "No man may take a mill or an upper millstone as a pledge" A millstone was the way a person made a living. To take a person's millstone was to take take away the way they earned money and produced food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Lending money -Lending money to fellow Israelites was a way to help them out. It was not intended to be a way to make money off their brothers. This chapter gives limitations regarding the lending of money. +### Lending money + +Lending money to fellow Israelites was a way to help them out. It was not intended to be a way to make money off their brothers. This chapter gives limitations regarding the lending of money. ## Links: * __[Deuteronomy 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/25/01.md b/deu/25/01.md index 57152b3eec..0db59c31d8 100644 --- a/deu/25/01.md +++ b/deu/25/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/deu/25/02.md b/deu/25/02.md index ad3bf7489f..5a9c35ebf7 100644 --- a/deu/25/02.md +++ b/deu/25/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will watch them be # with the ordered number of blows, according to his wickedness "the number of times he has ordered because of the bad deed he did" - diff --git a/deu/25/03.md b/deu/25/03.md index 33a508410a..68afb36e37 100644 --- a/deu/25/03.md +++ b/deu/25/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "then the judge would # humiliated before your eyes Here the people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: "humiliated, and you would all see it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/25/04.md b/deu/25/04.md index 050af995e2..fef78b98de 100644 --- a/deu/25/04.md +++ b/deu/25/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # when he threshes the grain while he separates the grain from the chaff by walking on it or dragging heavy wood over it - diff --git a/deu/25/05.md b/deu/25/05.md index c7b0087950..c16393af39 100644 --- a/deu/25/05.md +++ b/deu/25/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a polite way of talking about having sexual relations. Alternate transla # do the duty of a husband's brother to her "do what the brother of a dead husband is supposed to do" - diff --git a/deu/25/06.md b/deu/25/06.md index 279e0347ff..becb62552b 100644 --- a/deu/25/06.md +++ b/deu/25/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "name" is a metonym for the person's family line. Alternate translation # so that his name will not perish from Israel The word "name" is a metonym for the person's family line. Alternate translation: "so that his family line will not disappear from Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/25/07.md b/deu/25/07.md index 60e7ab2613..a6da098741 100644 --- a/deu/25/07.md +++ b/deu/25/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "name" refers to the memory of someone through his descendants. Alternate t # he will not perform the duty of a husband's brother to me "he will not do what a husband's brother is supposed to do and marry me" - diff --git a/deu/25/08.md b/deu/25/08.md index fb8a94b0fd..1cc0c6a56a 100644 --- a/deu/25/08.md +++ b/deu/25/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I do not wish to take her "I do not wish to marry her" - diff --git a/deu/25/09.md b/deu/25/09.md index 73c1e256d9..6e955002a4 100644 --- a/deu/25/09.md +++ b/deu/25/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. # who does not build up his brother's house Here "house" is a metonym for the family. Alternate translation: "who does not give his brother a son and continue his brother's family line" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/25/10.md b/deu/25/10.md index e13292cf1e..890314d323 100644 --- a/deu/25/10.md +++ b/deu/25/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The house of him whose sandal has been taken off Here removing the sandal symbolizes that the brother would not receive any of the property of his dead brother. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The house of him whose sandal his brother's widow took off his foot" or "The family of a man who did not marry the wife of his dead brother" or "The family whom everyone despises" or "The family who is shameful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/25/11.md b/deu/25/11.md index da976621c8..52c24cf9e2 100644 --- a/deu/25/11.md +++ b/deu/25/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # out of the hand of him who struck him Here "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate translation: "so the one who struck him will not strike him again" or "from the man who hit him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/25/12.md b/deu/25/12.md index 7adccdbc42..4c415c7077 100644 --- a/deu/25/12.md +++ b/deu/25/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your eye must have no pity Here "eye" means the whole person. Alternate translation: "you should not feel sorry for her" or "you must not show her mercy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/25/13.md b/deu/25/13.md index ff3f3a3c3d..f671d9ffc5 100644 --- a/deu/25/13.md +++ b/deu/25/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. You can also make clear # weights Weights were stones used on a balance to determine how much something weighs - diff --git a/deu/25/14.md b/deu/25/14.md index e0c701a99c..f29beb97eb 100644 --- a/deu/25/14.md +++ b/deu/25/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. You can also make clear # measures A measure was a basket or other container for measuring how much there is of something. - diff --git a/deu/25/15.md b/deu/25/15.md index ddb5155a71..4dc7249c42 100644 --- a/deu/25/15.md +++ b/deu/25/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 25:13](../25/13.md). # your days may be long This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "you may live for a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/25/16.md b/deu/25/16.md index feb2531fec..4c0dd486b3 100644 --- a/deu/25/16.md +++ b/deu/25/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For all who do such things, all that act unrighteously "because everyone who cheats people by using different sized weights and measures" - diff --git a/deu/25/17.md b/deu/25/17.md index 0b597ad56b..fcf36ddf00 100644 --- a/deu/25/17.md +++ b/deu/25/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom, and "Amalek" is a metonym for the Amelikite people. Alternate # as you came out The word "you" here is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/25/18.md b/deu/25/18.md index 0fb0f99f33..5ce8e53c47 100644 --- a/deu/25/18.md +++ b/deu/25/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These words have similar meanings and emphasize how tired the people were. Alter # he did not honor God The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "he was not afraid of God's punishment" or "he did not respect God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/25/19.md b/deu/25/19.md index 734b56fbe7..0e07956df3 100644 --- a/deu/25/19.md +++ b/deu/25/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven "you must kill all of the Amalekites so that nobody will remember them anymore" - diff --git a/deu/25/intro.md b/deu/25/intro.md index 0a34b7db8c..c8b996401f 100644 --- a/deu/25/intro.md +++ b/deu/25/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues to teach about justice in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "A perfect and just weight you must have" -#### "A perfect and just weight you must have" In the ancient Near East, people weighed gold and silver on a scale and used it as money. God was commanding people to use accurate weights for weighing the gold and silver. He did not want them to rob people by using inaccurate weights. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -15,4 +16,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, people weighed gold and silver on a scale and used it * __[Deuteronomy 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/26/01.md b/deu/26/01.md index 05acb3814a..f9b09bcc10 100644 --- a/deu/26/01.md +++ b/deu/26/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and "your" here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/02.md b/deu/26/02.md index 63360f6120..b45996b991 100644 --- a/deu/26/02.md +++ b/deu/26/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # make a dwelling for his name Here the phrase "his name" refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 14:23](../14/23.md). Alternate translation: "have his people build the place where they will worship him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/03.md b/deu/26/03.md index 05acb3814a..f9b09bcc10 100644 --- a/deu/26/03.md +++ b/deu/26/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and "your" here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/04.md b/deu/26/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/26/04.md +++ b/deu/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/26/05.md b/deu/26/05.md index dc56bfe604..4c3943c017 100644 --- a/deu/26/05.md +++ b/deu/26/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "he" is a metonym for "Jacob's descendants." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # a great, mighty These words mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that Israel became a large and powerful nation. Alternate translation: "very great" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/06.md b/deu/26/06.md index 38639388f6..cae4e78058 100644 --- a/deu/26/06.md +++ b/deu/26/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases say basically the same thing. They emphasize that the Egyptian # treated us Here "us" refers to the people of Israel that were living in Egypt. The speaker includes himself as one of the people whether he lived in Egypt or not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/07.md b/deu/26/07.md index 01c67f4815..b74a5a302b 100644 --- a/deu/26/07.md +++ b/deu/26/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "voice" refers to the whole person and his cries or prayers. Alternate tran # our affliction, our labor, and our oppression "that the Egyptians were afflicting us, that we were doing very hard work, and that the Egyptians were oppressing us" - diff --git a/deu/26/08.md b/deu/26/08.md index ecd31db511..d851744d05 100644 --- a/deu/26/08.md +++ b/deu/26/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "a mighty hand" and "an outstretched arm" are metaphors for Yahweh's power. # with great fearsomeness "with acts that terrified the people who saw them" - diff --git a/deu/26/09.md b/deu/26/09.md index c7cf252253..8bef41a2f6 100644 --- a/deu/26/09.md +++ b/deu/26/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a land that flows with milk and honey This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: "a land where plenty of milk and honey flow" or "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" - diff --git a/deu/26/10.md b/deu/26/10.md index 9280a1e692..2214bfd223 100644 --- a/deu/26/10.md +++ b/deu/26/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues telling the Israelites what they must say when they bring theire # You must set it down "You must set the basket down." - diff --git a/deu/26/11.md b/deu/26/11.md index 26db3ed630..82880502cf 100644 --- a/deu/26/11.md +++ b/deu/26/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must rejoice in all the good that Yahweh your God has done for you "you must rejoice and be grateful for all the good things that Yahweh your God has done for you" - diff --git a/deu/26/12.md b/deu/26/12.md index 62a4a2ac7c..731e03fa11 100644 --- a/deu/26/12.md +++ b/deu/26/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her no # eat within your city gates and be filled Here "gates" means towns or cities. Alternate translation: "so that those within your towns may have enough food to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/13.md b/deu/26/13.md index 958e3fe585..e1048fa2b8 100644 --- a/deu/26/13.md +++ b/deu/26/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the first words of another statement that the Israelite was supposed t # neither have I forgotten them This means that he has obeyed all of God's commandments. - diff --git a/deu/26/14.md b/deu/26/14.md index e7b59c66ac..265bf00d53 100644 --- a/deu/26/14.md +++ b/deu/26/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God does not allow an unclean person to touch the tithe he is giving to God. The # I have listened to the voice of Yahweh my God; I have obeyed everything you have commanded me to do Here "voice of Yahweh" is a metonym for what Yahweh says. Both statements share similar meanings. They emphasize that the person has obeyed all of God's commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/15.md b/deu/26/15.md index db78963f09..b4b7b21956 100644 --- a/deu/26/15.md +++ b/deu/26/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "from heaven, your # a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: "a land where plenty of milk and honey flow" or "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" - diff --git a/deu/26/16.md b/deu/26/16.md index b459f4d12b..fcd50029ba 100644 --- a/deu/26/16.md +++ b/deu/26/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # with all your heart and with all your soul Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/17.md b/deu/26/17.md index 14d548edc0..1c7d9b6065 100644 --- a/deu/26/17.md +++ b/deu/26/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that you will walk in his ways and keep his statutes, his commandments, and his decrees, and that you will listen to his voice The words "walk," "keep," and "listen" have similar meanings here. Here "voice" refers to what God has said. Alternate translation: "that you will completely obey everything Yahweh commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/18.md b/deu/26/18.md index bfb195f3c9..6bbf2f3c77 100644 --- a/deu/26/18.md +++ b/deu/26/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # a people who are his own possession "a people who belong to him" - diff --git a/deu/26/19.md b/deu/26/19.md index 4615234867..9758ac9939 100644 --- a/deu/26/19.md +++ b/deu/26/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "he will cause you to become greater than any other nat # You will be a people that is set apart to Yahweh your God Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh your God will set you apart from other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/26/intro.md b/deu/26/intro.md index aea9148806..8ce33e9e26 100644 --- a/deu/26/intro.md +++ b/deu/26/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Deuteronomy 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter recalls the great events of Israel's history when Yahweh brought them out of Egypt. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter recalls the great events of Israel's history when Yahweh brought th * __[Deuteronomy 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/27/01.md b/deu/27/01.md index 72615e7995..98af10b6c7 100644 --- a/deu/27/01.md +++ b/deu/27/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so the word "you" is plural. (Se # I command Here "I" refers to Moses. The elders are there in agreement with Moses, but he is the only one speaking. - diff --git a/deu/27/02.md b/deu/27/02.md index 44f247f4f3..c82ece5171 100644 --- a/deu/27/02.md +++ b/deu/27/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so the word "you" is plural. (Se # plaster them with plaster Plaster is usually a mixture of lime, sand, and water that is spread on something. It dries to form a hard, smooth surface on which a person can write. Alternate translation: "spread plaster on them" or "make them so you can write on them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/03.md b/deu/27/03.md index 45680b677b..3b04a40cb3 100644 --- a/deu/27/03.md +++ b/deu/27/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: "a land where plenty of milk and honey flow" or "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/04.md b/deu/27/04.md index 8ccf5c5b42..06aa7ef357 100644 --- a/deu/27/04.md +++ b/deu/27/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses is addressing the Israelites as a group, so the instances of "you" and the # Mount Ebal This is a mountain near Shechem. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md). - diff --git a/deu/27/05.md b/deu/27/05.md index 8bf4c6dc71..c2321a1896 100644 --- a/deu/27/05.md +++ b/deu/27/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must raise no iron tool to work the stones This refers to the chisels that would make the stones smoother, in order that they might fit together better. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "you will not shape the altar stones with iron tools" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/06.md b/deu/27/06.md index 186c49234e..60e7c3cf77 100644 --- a/deu/27/06.md +++ b/deu/27/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # unworked stones stones in their natural shape that no one has shaped with metal tools - diff --git a/deu/27/07.md b/deu/27/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/27/07.md +++ b/deu/27/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/27/08.md b/deu/27/08.md index 4a66eaecc8..e42affae30 100644 --- a/deu/27/08.md +++ b/deu/27/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # write on the stones This refers to the stones they were to set up on Mount Ebal and cover with plaster. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:2](../27/02.md) and [Deuteronomy 27:4](./04.md). - diff --git a/deu/27/09.md b/deu/27/09.md index 05acb3814a..f9b09bcc10 100644 --- a/deu/27/09.md +++ b/deu/27/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and "your" here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/10.md b/deu/27/10.md index 565e3d87cd..25d3624abc 100644 --- a/deu/27/10.md +++ b/deu/27/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what he says. Alternate translation # I am commanding Moses is commanding. The Levites are there in agreement with Moses, but he is the only one speaking. - diff --git a/deu/27/11.md b/deu/27/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/27/11.md +++ b/deu/27/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/27/12.md b/deu/27/12.md index 17a23f8731..38e5c0acad 100644 --- a/deu/27/12.md +++ b/deu/27/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A small mountain north of Mount Ebal. See how you translated this in [Deuteronom # Joseph This combines the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh, who were descendants of Joseph. - diff --git a/deu/27/13.md b/deu/27/13.md index b7096f6d6f..8a3612928e 100644 --- a/deu/27/13.md +++ b/deu/27/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md). # pronounce curses "say in a loud voice how Yahweh will curse Israel" - diff --git a/deu/27/14.md b/deu/27/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/27/14.md +++ b/deu/27/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/27/15.md b/deu/27/15.md index 03627cba99..06b2dbc945 100644 --- a/deu/27/15.md +++ b/deu/27/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "something a man has made" (See: [[rc:/ # craftsman a man who knows how to make things well - diff --git a/deu/27/16.md b/deu/27/16.md index 25ef426592..16b8bfbf39 100644 --- a/deu/27/16.md +++ b/deu/27/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say. # May the man be cursed This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May Yahweh curse the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/17.md b/deu/27/17.md index 5ec962bed3..2b0fc49a3c 100644 --- a/deu/27/17.md +++ b/deu/27/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who removes his neighbor's landmark The full meaning of the statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "who takes land away from his neighbor by moving the markers on the borders of his land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/18.md b/deu/27/18.md index 04d7da4baf..0588504b17 100644 --- a/deu/27/18.md +++ b/deu/27/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say. # May the man be cursed This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: "May Yahweh curse the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/19.md b/deu/27/19.md index 32709e0163..6a900c679d 100644 --- a/deu/27/19.md +++ b/deu/27/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to car # widow This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age. - diff --git a/deu/27/20.md b/deu/27/20.md index f647b0a839..64e6e24c1c 100644 --- a/deu/27/20.md +++ b/deu/27/20.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: "May Yahweh curse the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # who lies with his father's wife + Here "lies with" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "who has sexual relations with his father's wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) # his father's wife @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This does not refer to the man's mother, but another wife of his father. # he has taken away his father's rights When a man marries a woman, only he has the legal right to sleep with her. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. Alternate translation: "he has taken away his father's legal rights" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/21.md b/deu/27/21.md index 741acb37fd..9b0d0d0eed 100644 --- a/deu/27/21.md +++ b/deu/27/21.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # who lies with any animal -Here "lies with" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "who has sexual relations with any anyimal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) +Here "lies with" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "who has sexual relations with any anyimal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) diff --git a/deu/27/22.md b/deu/27/22.md index 4a5b0b0706..f85560fb7a 100644 --- a/deu/27/22.md +++ b/deu/27/22.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say. This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: "May Yahweh curse the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # who lies with his sister + Here "lies with" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "who has sexual relations with his sister" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) # the daughter of his father, or with the daughter of his mother This means a man cannot have sexual relations with his sister, even if she has a different mother or father. - diff --git a/deu/27/23.md b/deu/27/23.md index 7e82816289..891771144a 100644 --- a/deu/27/23.md +++ b/deu/27/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who lies with his mother-in-law Here "lies with" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "who has sexual relations with his mother-in-law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/24.md b/deu/27/24.md index 04d7da4baf..0588504b17 100644 --- a/deu/27/24.md +++ b/deu/27/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say. # May the man be cursed This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: "May Yahweh curse the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/25.md b/deu/27/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/27/25.md +++ b/deu/27/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/27/26.md b/deu/27/26.md index 04d7da4baf..0588504b17 100644 --- a/deu/27/26.md +++ b/deu/27/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say. # May the man be cursed This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: "May Yahweh curse the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/27/intro.md b/deu/27/intro.md index 3a2cb78f60..7abe1209ab 100644 --- a/deu/27/intro.md +++ b/deu/27/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Deuteronomy 27 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### "May the man be cursed" -#### "May the man be cursed" This phrase is repeated several times in this chapter. This parallelism serves as a warning to the Israelites when they will live in the Promised Land. This is part of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ This phrase is repeated several times in this chapter. This parallelism serves a * __[Deuteronomy 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/28/01.md b/deu/28/01.md index 15686a4521..1e171d3cd5 100644 --- a/deu/28/01.md +++ b/deu/28/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what he says. Alternate translation # set you above Moses speaks of being important or being great as if it were being physically higher, as on a higher hill. Alternate translation: "make you more important than" or "make you greater than" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/02.md b/deu/28/02.md index ceb57926cc..59e29037ab 100644 --- a/deu/28/02.md +++ b/deu/28/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All these blessings will come on you and overtake you Moses describes the blessings as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will bless you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if you cannot escape having him bless you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/03.md b/deu/28/03.md index 9615f885c9..e4eb4b1c1f 100644 --- a/deu/28/03.md +++ b/deu/28/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will bless you # in the city ... in the field This merism means that Yahweh will bless them everywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/04.md b/deu/28/04.md index ea9ff41e4c..e2d4148f3c 100644 --- a/deu/28/04.md +++ b/deu/28/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These idioms for "your children, and your crops, and all your animals" form a me # the fruit of your livestock, and the increase of your herds and the lambs of your flocks This doublet is three ways of saying that Yahweh will make the Israelites' animals many and strong. Alternate translation: "all of your animals, along with the calves of the cattle and the lambs of the flocks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/05.md b/deu/28/05.md index e034d4ba1b..b18d7c25cb 100644 --- a/deu/28/05.md +++ b/deu/28/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will bless" (S # your basket and your kneading trough Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A "kneading trough" was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. Alternate translation: "all the food you grow and all the food you eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/06.md b/deu/28/06.md index 043a789020..376ce0cee6 100644 --- a/deu/28/06.md +++ b/deu/28/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when you come in ... when you go out This merism refers to all of life's activities everywhere they go. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/07.md b/deu/28/07.md index e690eb0f90..cca206946e 100644 --- a/deu/28/07.md +++ b/deu/28/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "cause you to defeat t # seven ways This is an idiom. The actual number could be more or less than seven. Alternate translation: "in many different directions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/08.md b/deu/28/08.md index b1006f5c6a..c9e9c71c24 100644 --- a/deu/28/08.md +++ b/deu/28/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses describes Yahweh blessing the Israelites as if Yahweh were commanding a pe # in all that you put your hand to This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "in everything you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/09.md b/deu/28/09.md index c09cf93e77..9956a136a4 100644 --- a/deu/28/09.md +++ b/deu/28/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # Yahweh will establish you as a people that is set apart for himself Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh put them in a place different from the place all other nations live in. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will make you a holy people that belongs to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/10.md b/deu/28/10.md index c5f522f184..b1016db829 100644 --- a/deu/28/10.md +++ b/deu/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are called by the name of Yahweh Here the metonym "called by the name of Yahweh" means belonging to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has called you his own" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/11.md b/deu/28/11.md index bfb5b2a0b2..5534804a25 100644 --- a/deu/28/11.md +++ b/deu/28/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # in the fruit of your womb, in the fruit of your livestock, and in the fruit of your ground This is an idiom. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). Alternate translation: "with children, animals, and crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/12.md b/deu/28/12.md index e23db95dc7..3635ee9902 100644 --- a/deu/28/12.md +++ b/deu/28/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks of the clouds from which the rain falls as if they were a building # all the work of your hand The word "hand" is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "all the work that you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/13.md b/deu/28/13.md index c5fbd3832c..d7f4cb1f04 100644 --- a/deu/28/13.md +++ b/deu/28/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Israelites will rule over others but never have others rule them. # I am commanding you Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so the word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/14.md b/deu/28/14.md index 76c7f593a5..ac280742f3 100644 --- a/deu/28/14.md +++ b/deu/28/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if you do not turn away from any of the words that I am commanding you today, to the right hand or to the left, so as to go after other gods to serve them Disobeying Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if a person physically turned and went in a different direction from Yahweh's words. Alternate translation: "if you do not disobey what I am commanding you today by serving other gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/15.md b/deu/28/15.md index 2d3ca6f3cf..7ec23fb93a 100644 --- a/deu/28/15.md +++ b/deu/28/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise or chas # come on you and overtake you See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:2](../28/02.md). - diff --git a/deu/28/16.md b/deu/28/16.md index dbd4105968..8cdd9e9c32 100644 --- a/deu/28/16.md +++ b/deu/28/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will curse you # in the city ... in the field This merism means that Yahweh will bless them everywhere. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:3](../28/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/17.md b/deu/28/17.md index 97415284a2..cf224595b4 100644 --- a/deu/28/17.md +++ b/deu/28/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your basket and your kneading trough The Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A "kneading trough" was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:5](../28/05.md). Alternate translation: "all the food you grow and all the food you eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/18.md b/deu/28/18.md index 5b602465e6..c8301dd99c 100644 --- a/deu/28/18.md +++ b/deu/28/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom for "your children, your crops." See how you translated this in # herds ... flocks "cattle ... sheep" - diff --git a/deu/28/19.md b/deu/28/19.md index 8624d447f8..9c66c6799e 100644 --- a/deu/28/19.md +++ b/deu/28/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when you come in ... when you go out This merism refers to all of life's activities everywhere they go. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:6](../28/06.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/20.md b/deu/28/20.md index 2224a78200..ac9eab0efc 100644 --- a/deu/28/20.md +++ b/deu/28/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until your enemies de # abandoned me Here "me" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/deu/28/21.md b/deu/28/21.md index 760e587adf..7655b281c2 100644 --- a/deu/28/21.md +++ b/deu/28/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cling to you "remain on you" - diff --git a/deu/28/22.md b/deu/28/22.md index e4986875b2..9ebee04434 100644 --- a/deu/28/22.md +++ b/deu/28/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ mold that grows on crops and causes them to rot # These will pursue you Moses speaks of the bad things that would happen to the Israelites as if they were people or animals who would chase after the Israelites. Alternate translation: "You will suffer from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/23.md b/deu/28/23.md index 011ec159b9..b4f2ecaa5f 100644 --- a/deu/28/23.md +++ b/deu/28/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks of the skies being like bronze because there will be no rain. Alter # the earth ... will be iron Moses speaks of the earth being like iron because no crops will grow. Alternate translation: "nothing will grow from the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/24.md b/deu/28/24.md index 9c2064cf08..a04dd9f004 100644 --- a/deu/28/24.md +++ b/deu/28/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # until you are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until it destroys you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/25.md b/deu/28/25.md index 9e5af85aad..1630c1af27 100644 --- a/deu/28/25.md +++ b/deu/28/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "in many different directions" (See: [[ # You will be tossed to and fro among all the kingdoms This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The peoples of the other nations will drive you from one nation to another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/26.md b/deu/28/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/28/26.md +++ b/deu/28/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/28/27.md b/deu/28/27.md index b70c4e888b..a3c837b37d 100644 --- a/deu/28/27.md +++ b/deu/28/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are different types of skin diseases. # from which you cannot be healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "from which no one will be able to heal you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/28.md b/deu/28/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/28/28.md +++ b/deu/28/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/28/29.md b/deu/28/29.md index 347cadc417..6611b654fa 100644 --- a/deu/28/29.md +++ b/deu/28/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will be always oppressed and robbed "stronger people will always oppress and rob you" - diff --git a/deu/28/30.md b/deu/28/30.md index 05acb3814a..f9b09bcc10 100644 --- a/deu/28/30.md +++ b/deu/28/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and "your" here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/31.md b/deu/28/31.md index 566cf73d40..3a7369c132 100644 --- a/deu/28/31.md +++ b/deu/28/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone will take you # Your sheep will be given to your enemies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will give your sheep to your enemies" or "I will allow your enemies to take your sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/32.md b/deu/28/32.md index 3787ae0cc5..654ec9319e 100644 --- a/deu/28/32.md +++ b/deu/28/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "your eyes" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "you will gr # There will be no strength in your hand Here the metonym "strength in your hand" refers to power. "Alternate translation: "You will be powerless to do anything about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/33.md b/deu/28/33.md index 8e54c5f2c0..9d7398e749 100644 --- a/deu/28/33.md +++ b/deu/28/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the metonym "a nation" means the people from a nation. Alternate translatio # you will always be oppressed and crushed The words "oppressed" and "crushed" mean basically the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will always oppress and crush you" or "they will oppress you continually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/34.md b/deu/28/34.md index e546bd234b..5b0a4270bf 100644 --- a/deu/28/34.md +++ b/deu/28/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will become insane by what you have to see happen "what you see will make you go crazy" - diff --git a/deu/28/35.md b/deu/28/35.md index 5c05f87e31..8593f9a22a 100644 --- a/deu/28/35.md +++ b/deu/28/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from which you cannot be cured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that no one will be able to cure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/36.md b/deu/28/36.md index 05acb3814a..f9b09bcc10 100644 --- a/deu/28/36.md +++ b/deu/28/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and "your" here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/37.md b/deu/28/37.md index 7b049a10d2..125c170a73 100644 --- a/deu/28/37.md +++ b/deu/28/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "proverb" and "byword" mean basically the same thing. This can be # byword a word or phrase that people use to shame others - diff --git a/deu/28/38.md b/deu/28/38.md index c2730b7e8c..c3524a8c71 100644 --- a/deu/28/38.md +++ b/deu/28/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # but will gather little seed in "but will harvest very little food" - diff --git a/deu/28/39.md b/deu/28/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/28/39.md +++ b/deu/28/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/28/40.md b/deu/28/40.md index aab9d45f62..9b745eb275 100644 --- a/deu/28/40.md +++ b/deu/28/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People would rub olive oil on themselves to make their skin healthy. # your olive trees will drop their fruit You may need to make explicit that the fruit drops before it is ripe. Alternate translation: "your olive trees will drop their fruit before the fruit is ripe" or "the olives will fall off your olive trees before they are ripe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/41.md b/deu/28/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/28/41.md +++ b/deu/28/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/28/42.md b/deu/28/42.md index 05acb3814a..f9b09bcc10 100644 --- a/deu/28/42.md +++ b/deu/28/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and "your" here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/43.md b/deu/28/43.md index 5a8c3b4a81..ce16ceab64 100644 --- a/deu/28/43.md +++ b/deu/28/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not mean a specific foreigner but refers to foreigners in general. Alt # rise up above you higher and higher; you yourself will come down lower and lower This idiom means foreigners will have more power, money, and honor than the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/44.md b/deu/28/44.md index 482c17f346..effbfbaff1 100644 --- a/deu/28/44.md +++ b/deu/28/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not mean a specific foreigner (verse 43) but refers to foreigners in g # he will be the head, and you will be the tail This means foreigners will have more power and authority than the Israelites. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 28:13](../28/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/45.md b/deu/28/45.md index 1d128e2ac7..6fde7a1994 100644 --- a/deu/28/45.md +++ b/deu/28/45.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the words "voice of Yahweh" are a metonym for what Yahweh said. Alternate t # his commandments and his regulations The words "commandments" and "regulations" are a doublet for "all that Yahweh has commanded you to do." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/46.md b/deu/28/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/28/46.md +++ b/deu/28/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/28/47.md b/deu/28/47.md index 90093ed9db..6eaf3a888f 100644 --- a/deu/28/47.md +++ b/deu/28/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # joyfulness and gladness of heart Here "joyfulness" and "gladness of heart" mean the same thing. They emphasize that the people should have been very glad to worship Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/48.md b/deu/28/48.md index 8cda6bfded..6d27ac1e73 100644 --- a/deu/28/48.md +++ b/deu/28/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will put a yoke of iron on your neck This is a metaphor for Yahweh allowing the enemy to treat the Israelites cruelly and make them slaves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/49.md b/deu/28/49.md index 5748233c8d..cbecd45ca5 100644 --- a/deu/28/49.md +++ b/deu/28/49.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "from places that you know nothing abou # like an eagle flies to its victim This means the enemy will come suddenly and the Israelites will not be able to stop them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/50.md b/deu/28/50.md index a3b94f2e08..f7be32a2fd 100644 --- a/deu/28/50.md +++ b/deu/28/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a nation with a fierce face that does not respect the aged and does not show favor The word "nation" is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate translation: "a nation whose people have fierce expressions, who do not respect the aged and do not show favor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/51.md b/deu/28/51.md index 273a9d7f97..e01348df67 100644 --- a/deu/28/51.md +++ b/deu/28/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until you are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until they destroy you" or "until they leave you with nothing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/52.md b/deu/28/52.md index 9d8abc535a..e445854461 100644 --- a/deu/28/52.md +++ b/deu/28/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues describing the army that will attack the Israelites if they do n # you in all your city gates Here the phrase "city gates" represents a city. Alternate translation: "your cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/53.md b/deu/28/53.md index 0307e534a5..3d2c54f179 100644 --- a/deu/28/53.md +++ b/deu/28/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the flesh of your sons and of your daughters" explains the metaphor "the f # the fruit of your own body This speaks of children as if they were fruit that was produced by the bodies of their parents. Alternate translation: "your own children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/54.md b/deu/28/54.md index 180fbb06c1..5ab03c8957 100644 --- a/deu/28/54.md +++ b/deu/28/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # who is timid and very delicate among you—he "who is timid and very delicate among you—even he." Moses is saying that not only those one would expect to eat their children, but even the last person one would expect to eat his own children will eat his children. - diff --git a/deu/28/55.md b/deu/28/55.md index 704851d3cd..727378571d 100644 --- a/deu/28/55.md +++ b/deu/28/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all your city gates Here "city gates" represents the cities themselves. Alternate translation: "all your cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/56.md b/deu/28/56.md index c854600bf6..08c69338e4 100644 --- a/deu/28/56.md +++ b/deu/28/56.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses is exaggerating. He is emphasizing that this noble woman is so rich and li # for delicateness and tenderness The abstract nouns "delicateness" and "tenderness" can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "because she is so delicate and tender" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/57.md b/deu/28/57.md index ff212aedf9..9658e4dc83 100644 --- a/deu/28/57.md +++ b/deu/28/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # within your city gates Here "city gates" represents the cities themselves. Alternate translation: "within your cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/58.md b/deu/28/58.md index 835e7813a4..15b5e320cd 100644 --- a/deu/28/58.md +++ b/deu/28/58.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I have written" # this glorious and fearful name, Yahweh your God Here the metonym "name" refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "Yahweh your God who is glorious and awesome" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/59.md b/deu/28/59.md index 34e0da54eb..04f9981e76 100644 --- a/deu/28/59.md +++ b/deu/28/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh will make your plagues terrible, and those of your descendants "Yahweh will send terrible plagues on you and your descendants" or "Yahweh will make sure that you and your descendants suffer from terrible plagues" - diff --git a/deu/28/60.md b/deu/28/60.md index db8f4fab8e..456d752a5e 100644 --- a/deu/28/60.md +++ b/deu/28/60.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "He will make sure that you again suffe # they will cling to you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "the diseases will not stop, and no one will be able to heal you of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/61.md b/deu/28/61.md index a06e5e1e7a..185868a1da 100644 --- a/deu/28/61.md +++ b/deu/28/61.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "every" is a generalization that means "many." This can be stated in active # until you are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until he has destroyed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/62.md b/deu/28/62.md index 27ce74aa7f..32edc736fc 100644 --- a/deu/28/62.md +++ b/deu/28/62.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that in the past there were many Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # to the voice of Yahweh Here the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: "to what Yahweh says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/63.md b/deu/28/63.md index 7355ac25a9..fff04c25d3 100644 --- a/deu/28/63.md +++ b/deu/28/63.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses uses a metaphor to speak of the people as though they were fruit that Yahw # you are going Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/64.md b/deu/28/64.md index dddb7ec314..71687be0f9 100644 --- a/deu/28/64.md +++ b/deu/28/64.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # from the one end of the earth to the other end of the earth These two extremes together mean everywhere on earth. Alternate translation: "throughout the earth" or "all over the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/65.md b/deu/28/65.md index 578544086c..368ac1e32e 100644 --- a/deu/28/65.md +++ b/deu/28/65.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the phrase "the bottoms of your feet" refer to the whole person. Alternate # Yahweh will give you there a trembling heart, failing eyes, and a soul that mourns This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will cause you to be afraid, without hope, and sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/66.md b/deu/28/66.md index ba67b91ee6..f861ba1a6b 100644 --- a/deu/28/66.md +++ b/deu/28/66.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your life will hang in doubt before you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "You will not know whether you will live or die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/67.md b/deu/28/67.md index 3e8bd0c646..2443d65e17 100644 --- a/deu/28/67.md +++ b/deu/28/67.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "because of the fear you are feeling" ( # the things your eyes will have to see Here "eyes" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "the terrifying things I will force you to see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/28/68.md b/deu/28/68.md index 27075b4729..c6fb4b0094 100644 --- a/deu/28/68.md +++ b/deu/28/68.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I had said Here "I" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/deu/28/intro.md b/deu/28/intro.md index 62691f791a..6cd3243d80 100644 --- a/deu/28/intro.md +++ b/deu/28/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Deuteronomy 28 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Blessings and warnings -#### Blessings and warnings This chapter explains some of the blessings and warnings associated with Israel's obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter explains some of the blessings and warnings associated with Israel' * __[Deuteronomy 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/29/01.md b/deu/29/01.md index 409e8111c0..2d1b3e9ac4 100644 --- a/deu/29/01.md +++ b/deu/29/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is on the east side of the Jordan where the Israelites were staying before # words that were added to the covenant ... at Horeb These additional commands were given to make Yahweh's covenant apply better to the people once they were settled in their new land. These new commands did not belong to a different covenant, but rather were additions to the original covenant. - diff --git a/deu/29/02.md b/deu/29/02.md index 22183f76c1..5c0c78cbef 100644 --- a/deu/29/02.md +++ b/deu/29/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh expected them to remember what Yahweh had done and they had seen it. Here # your eyes Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "your" here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/03.md b/deu/29/03.md index d76cf79c9a..6f1a262b03 100644 --- a/deu/29/03.md +++ b/deu/29/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "eyes" emphasizes that Yahweh expected them to remember that they had seen # the signs, and those great wonders The words "signs" and "wonders" both refer to the plagues that Yahweh had sent upon Egypt. Alternate translation: "and all of the powerful things that Yahweh did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/04.md b/deu/29/04.md index 9437b12887..de0613e1e4 100644 --- a/deu/29/04.md +++ b/deu/29/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people do have hearts, eyes, and ears. This metonym says that Yahweh has not # given you a heart to know This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "enabled you to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/05.md b/deu/29/05.md index 6e74d5a76b..f5dc3f922d 100644 --- a/deu/29/05.md +++ b/deu/29/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel. # your sandals ... your feet Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "your" here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/06.md b/deu/29/06.md index da5ba1bd6e..6b8031e0a7 100644 --- a/deu/29/06.md +++ b/deu/29/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # other strong drink These were alcoholic drinks made probably from fermented grains. They were not distilled liquors. - diff --git a/deu/29/07.md b/deu/29/07.md index 2b032072ab..d96f8047d0 100644 --- a/deu/29/07.md +++ b/deu/29/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). # came out against us Here "us" refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/08.md b/deu/29/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/29/08.md +++ b/deu/29/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/29/09.md b/deu/29/09.md index c292247aa2..b4cbb39d11 100644 --- a/deu/29/09.md +++ b/deu/29/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # keep the words of this covenant and do them These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the people were to obey Yahweh's commands. Alternate translation: "obey all the words of this covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/10.md b/deu/29/10.md index 57152b3eec..0db59c31d8 100644 --- a/deu/29/10.md +++ b/deu/29/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/deu/29/11.md b/deu/29/11.md index 8524cf8eb7..aee916a0dc 100644 --- a/deu/29/11.md +++ b/deu/29/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # the foreigner who is among you in your camp, from him who cuts your wood to him who draws There were many foreigners among the Israelites. Alternate translation: "the foreigners who are among you in your camp, from those who cut your wood to those who get your water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/12.md b/deu/29/12.md index 738d850c4f..3b59dd9dd5 100644 --- a/deu/29/12.md +++ b/deu/29/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # to enter into the covenant of Yahweh your God and into the oath that Yahweh your God is making with you today "to agree to the covenant and to swear that you will obey all that Yahweh your God commands" - diff --git a/deu/29/13.md b/deu/29/13.md index 3ab7196afd..fab50c08d1 100644 --- a/deu/29/13.md +++ b/deu/29/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a people for himself "a people group that belongs to him alone" - diff --git a/deu/29/14.md b/deu/29/14.md index 5370fc9045..a43c545694 100644 --- a/deu/29/14.md +++ b/deu/29/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am making Here "I" refers to Yahweh. "Yahweh is making" - diff --git a/deu/29/15.md b/deu/29/15.md index ad81e52ddb..0aafb5e7ed 100644 --- a/deu/29/15.md +++ b/deu/29/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "us" refers to Moses and the people of Israel. # those who are not here "our future descendants, who are not here" - diff --git a/deu/29/16.md b/deu/29/16.md index deda937c44..f57f787397 100644 --- a/deu/29/16.md +++ b/deu/29/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we lived "we were slaves" - diff --git a/deu/29/17.md b/deu/29/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/29/17.md +++ b/deu/29/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/29/18.md b/deu/29/18.md index 13a7a72b0f..1ed910d265 100644 --- a/deu/29/18.md +++ b/deu/29/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to the whole person, and "turning away" means to stop obeyin # any root that produces poison fruit and wormwood Moses speaks of someone who secretly worships another God as if he were a root, and the evil deeds he does to serve that god, and which he encourages others to do, as a bitter plant that poisons people. Alternate translation: "any person who worships idols and causes others to disobey Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/19.md b/deu/29/19.md index 99e0fcc988..7e5b4e03ce 100644 --- a/deu/29/19.md +++ b/deu/29/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the words "wet" and "dry" are metaphors for the righteous people and the wi # wet ... dry These nominal adjectives can be translated as nouns. Because the land was usually dry and the people needed rain so their crops would grow, these words are metaphors for "living ... dead" or "good ... bad." Alternate translation: "wet things ... dry things" or "good people ... bad people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/20.md b/deu/29/20.md index f775a44cab..3cc932cf01 100644 --- a/deu/29/20.md +++ b/deu/29/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise. See ho # Yahweh will blot out his name from under heaven This means that God will completely destroy the person and his family. In the future people will not remember him. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 7:24](../07/24.md). - diff --git a/deu/29/21.md b/deu/29/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/29/21.md +++ b/deu/29/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/29/22.md b/deu/29/22.md index 240ab091d4..d36f84fa8f 100644 --- a/deu/29/22.md +++ b/deu/29/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The generation to come, your children who will rise up after you The words "your children ... after you" tell who "the generation to come" is. - diff --git a/deu/29/23.md b/deu/29/23.md index d7dcbd69d0..890184a4f5 100644 --- a/deu/29/23.md +++ b/deu/29/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "overthrow" can be translated as a clause. Alternate translati # Admah and Zeboyim These are names of cities that Yahweh destroyed along with Sodom and Gomorrah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/24.md b/deu/29/24.md index c3b5266658..f3ea10b9b5 100644 --- a/deu/29/24.md +++ b/deu/29/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "they wi # What does the heat of this great anger mean? The writer is communicating one idea through two words. Alternate translation: "What does this terrible anger mean?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/25.md b/deu/29/25.md index cf11c41df4..0a7dc7839c 100644 --- a/deu/29/25.md +++ b/deu/29/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is because they abandoned the covenant of Yahweh, the God of their ancestors This is the answer to "Why has Yahweh done this to this land?" ([Deuteronomy 29:24](../29/24.md)). "Yahweh has done this to the land because the Israelites did not follow the promises and the laws of his covenant" - diff --git a/deu/29/26.md b/deu/29/26.md index e9936288bc..06f5505e4f 100644 --- a/deu/29/26.md +++ b/deu/29/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # served other gods and bowed down to them "obeyed other gods and worshiped them" - diff --git a/deu/29/27.md b/deu/29/27.md index 4a22a56be7..4b7c65d635 100644 --- a/deu/29/27.md +++ b/deu/29/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "land" is a metonym representing the people. Alternate translation: "the pe # that are written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I have written" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/28.md b/deu/29/28.md index 848dab34ab..7704d092fd 100644 --- a/deu/29/28.md +++ b/deu/29/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Israel is compared to a bad plant that Yahweh has pulled up and thrown out of a # in anger, in wrath, and in great fury The words "anger" and "wrath" and "fury" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the great intensity of Yahweh's anger. Alternate translation: "in extremely great anger" or "because he was extremely angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/29/29.md b/deu/29/29.md index 8af05b7482..39d48c5edd 100644 --- a/deu/29/29.md +++ b/deu/29/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that he has revealed" # we may do all the words of this law "we may do everything that this law commands us to do" - diff --git a/deu/29/intro.md b/deu/29/intro.md index 99e519c974..d5c3466b6c 100644 --- a/deu/29/intro.md +++ b/deu/29/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Deuteronomy 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is a retelling of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses, along with its blessings and cursing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter is a retelling of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses, along with i * __[Deuteronomy 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/30/01.md b/deu/30/01.md index 116d81f1a8..2995d91472 100644 --- a/deu/30/01.md +++ b/deu/30/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "remember them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # has banished you "has forced you to go" - diff --git a/deu/30/02.md b/deu/30/02.md index 43a6d53142..0d84e23537 100644 --- a/deu/30/02.md +++ b/deu/30/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "voice" is referring to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: "obey what # with all your heart and with all your soul Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/03.md b/deu/30/03.md index fb255c0a4d..4ae751dc3b 100644 --- a/deu/30/03.md +++ b/deu/30/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reverse your captivity "free you from your captivity." The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. Alternate translation: "free you from those who had captured you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/04.md b/deu/30/04.md index 699ed6f272..e9c375287b 100644 --- a/deu/30/04.md +++ b/deu/30/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # under the heavens "under the sky" or "on the earth" - diff --git a/deu/30/05.md b/deu/30/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/30/05.md +++ b/deu/30/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/30/06.md b/deu/30/06.md index 9e88d498ce..a970930480 100644 --- a/deu/30/06.md +++ b/deu/30/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is not a literal removal of flesh. It means God will remove their sin and e # with all your heart and with all your soul Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/07.md b/deu/30/07.md index d369afbb08..b8eb7e9894 100644 --- a/deu/30/07.md +++ b/deu/30/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will put all these curses on your enemies Moses speaks of curses as though they were a load or a cover that someone could physically put on top of a person. Alternate translation: "will cause your enemies to suffer from these curses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/08.md b/deu/30/08.md index 9a5ed99514..896f4bc64b 100644 --- a/deu/30/08.md +++ b/deu/30/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # obey the voice of Yahweh Here "voice" means what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: "obey what Yahweh says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/09.md b/deu/30/09.md index 5422d1ff58..b584beae78 100644 --- a/deu/30/09.md +++ b/deu/30/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "in all the work # in the fruit of your womb ... in the fruit of your livestock ... in the fruit of your ground These three phrases are idioms for "in children ... in calves ... in crops." See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/10.md b/deu/30/10.md index 9266087139..e30d9440ef 100644 --- a/deu/30/10.md +++ b/deu/30/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I have written" # with all your heart and all your soul Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/11.md b/deu/30/11.md index 454978aa55..16edd23411 100644 --- a/deu/30/11.md +++ b/deu/30/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # neither is it too far for you to reach Moses speaks of being able to understand what a commandment requires a person to do as if it were that person being able to reach a physical object. Alternate translation: "neither is it too difficult for you to understand what Yahweh requires you to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/12.md b/deu/30/12.md index b987e080f2..930816800f 100644 --- a/deu/30/12.md +++ b/deu/30/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who will go up for us to heaven and bring it down to us and make us able to hear it, so that we may do it? Here Moses uses a rhetorical question to emphasize that the people of Israel think that Yahweh's commands are too difficult for them to know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Someone must travel to heaven to learn God's commands and then return to tell us what they are so we can obey them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/13.md b/deu/30/13.md index 002840015a..f3ffd7c7db 100644 --- a/deu/30/13.md +++ b/deu/30/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # Who will go over the sea for us and bring it to us and make us to hear it, so that we may do it? This rhetorical question continues the idea that the people of Israel think Yahweh's commands are too difficult to know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Someone must travel across the sea to learn God's commands and then return and tell us what they are." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/14.md b/deu/30/14.md index 7537ee3f76..65f3ba30e3 100644 --- a/deu/30/14.md +++ b/deu/30/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in your mouth and your heart This means that the people already know God's commands and can tell them to others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/15.md b/deu/30/15.md index 8c9237e074..36f37af1af 100644 --- a/deu/30/15.md +++ b/deu/30/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Putting something where another person can see it is a metaphor for telling some # life and good, death and evil You can make clear the implicit information. Alternate translation: "what is good and will cause you to live, and what is evil and will cause you to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/16.md b/deu/30/16.md index 697bb9ba15..7a06966932 100644 --- a/deu/30/16.md +++ b/deu/30/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # multiply increase greatly in number - diff --git a/deu/30/17.md b/deu/30/17.md index 847c9af1e5..5d217f4280 100644 --- a/deu/30/17.md +++ b/deu/30/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words # if your heart turns away ... and are drawn away and bow down to other gods and worship them Here "heart" refers to the whole person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if you stop being loyal to God ... and the people living in the land convince you to bow down and worship other gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/18.md b/deu/30/18.md index f47bf7827f..06aa8cccf9 100644 --- a/deu/30/18.md +++ b/deu/30/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as a group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] # prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: "be able to live a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/19.md b/deu/30/19.md index 2cd7a697e6..0ec864dbf5 100644 --- a/deu/30/19.md +++ b/deu/30/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and ea # against you today Moses speaks to the Israelites as a group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/30/20.md b/deu/30/20.md index 90e1afa9c1..2de5feb828 100644 --- a/deu/30/20.md +++ b/deu/30/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These phrases have the same meaning and are metonyms for Yahweh, emphasizing tha # the land that Yahweh swore to your ancestors, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give them "the land that Yahweh swore that he would give to your ancestors, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob" - diff --git a/deu/30/intro.md b/deu/30/intro.md index 1e6add2e93..e23d10b9f6 100644 --- a/deu/30/intro.md +++ b/deu/30/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Deuteronomy 30 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Moses begins to give final instructions to Israel before his death in anticipation of their entrance into the Promised Land. There were warnings and blessings associated with the people's obedience to the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses begins to give final instructions to Israel before his death in anticipati * __[Deuteronomy 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/31/01.md b/deu/31/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/31/01.md +++ b/deu/31/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/31/02.md b/deu/31/02.md index a96c9ba2bb..8c2941ecf1 100644 --- a/deu/31/02.md +++ b/deu/31/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I can no more go out and come in Here the extremes "go out" and "come in" used together mean that Moses can no longer do what a healthy person can do. Alternate translation: "I am no longer able to go everywhere that you need to go, so I cannot be your leader any longer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/03.md b/deu/31/03.md index f31e2250ec..65fbdcf749 100644 --- a/deu/31/03.md +++ b/deu/31/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # Joshua, he will go over before you, as Yahweh has spoken "Joshua will lead you across the river, as Yahweh promised" - diff --git a/deu/31/04.md b/deu/31/04.md index 85f724c2ee..4c514c95f5 100644 --- a/deu/31/04.md +++ b/deu/31/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to the Israelites. # he did to Sihon and to Og, the kings of the Amorites Here "Sihon" and "Og" refer to two Kings of the Amorites and their armies. See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "he did to Sihon and Og, the kings of the Amorites, and to their armies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/05.md b/deu/31/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/31/05.md +++ b/deu/31/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/31/06.md b/deu/31/06.md index 557516d908..3d56c0fd08 100644 --- a/deu/31/06.md +++ b/deu/31/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # he will not fail you nor abandon you This can be treated as litotes and translated positively. Alternate translation: "he will always fulfill his promise to you and will always be with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/07.md b/deu/31/07.md index 0da55cf824..fbfd1e2d81 100644 --- a/deu/31/07.md +++ b/deu/31/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that all of the people of Israel were present. Alternate translation: # you will cause them to inherit it "you will help them take the land" - diff --git a/deu/31/08.md b/deu/31/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/31/08.md +++ b/deu/31/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/31/09.md b/deu/31/09.md index 58fefc3b22..24a8ba7f88 100644 --- a/deu/31/09.md +++ b/deu/31/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gave it out to the priests, the sons of Levi "gave it out to the Levites, who are the priests" - diff --git a/deu/31/10.md b/deu/31/10.md index 0a7fe05891..17897b9f49 100644 --- a/deu/31/10.md +++ b/deu/31/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Festival of Shelters Other names for this festival are "Feast of Tabernacles," "Festival of Booths," and "Feast of the Ingathering." During harvest, farmers would set up temporary shelters in the field. This festival took place after the last harvest of the year. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 16:13](../16/13.md). - diff --git a/deu/31/11.md b/deu/31/11.md index 74c8e37741..13dd5b77d2 100644 --- a/deu/31/11.md +++ b/deu/31/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # in their hearing "so that they can hear it" - diff --git a/deu/31/12.md b/deu/31/12.md index c0c962ccfc..a5fea86bf6 100644 --- a/deu/31/12.md +++ b/deu/31/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "city gates" represents the cities themselves. Moses speaks to the Israelit # keep all the words of this law "carefully obey all the commands in this law" - diff --git a/deu/31/13.md b/deu/31/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/31/13.md +++ b/deu/31/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/31/14.md b/deu/31/14.md index 52bb550b87..89e9b64ec7 100644 --- a/deu/31/14.md +++ b/deu/31/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Look, the "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you. The" - diff --git a/deu/31/15.md b/deu/31/15.md index 2976ad7ddb..629bdbf24a 100644 --- a/deu/31/15.md +++ b/deu/31/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a pillar of cloud This was a thick cloud of smoke in the shape of an upright column. - diff --git a/deu/31/16.md b/deu/31/16.md index 0c6713eeff..490ed92944 100644 --- a/deu/31/16.md +++ b/deu/31/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way to say "you will die." Alternate translation: "you will die # will rise up and act like a prostitute Being a prostitute is a metaphor for worshiping gods other than Yahweh. Alternate translation: "will start to be unfaithful to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/17.md b/deu/31/17.md index 2c3e03b09e..f788f1f0f8 100644 --- a/deu/31/17.md +++ b/deu/31/17.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This describes the disasters and troubles as if they were human. This rhetorical # our God is not in our midst "God is no longer protecting us" or "God has left us alone" - diff --git a/deu/31/18.md b/deu/31/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/31/18.md +++ b/deu/31/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/31/19.md b/deu/31/19.md index cb27a3dcf4..605ef06622 100644 --- a/deu/31/19.md +++ b/deu/31/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses about the Israelites. # Put it in their mouths This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Make them memorize and sing it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/20.md b/deu/31/20.md index ee07796745..de8c9a829f 100644 --- a/deu/31/20.md +++ b/deu/31/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "a land where plenty of milk and honey flow" or "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). - diff --git a/deu/31/21.md b/deu/31/21.md index 34193b5730..7fe645bce2 100644 --- a/deu/31/21.md +++ b/deu/31/21.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ What people plan to do is spoken of as if it were a physical object. Alternate t # the land that I swore to them God's promise of the land was to give it to the people of Israel. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the land that I promised I would give to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/22.md b/deu/31/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/31/22.md +++ b/deu/31/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/31/23.md b/deu/31/23.md index 3bdd8c77b8..ab31139278 100644 --- a/deu/31/23.md +++ b/deu/31/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Be strong and of good courage "Be strong and courageous." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 31:5](../31/05.md). - diff --git a/deu/31/24.md b/deu/31/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/31/24.md +++ b/deu/31/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/31/25.md b/deu/31/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/31/25.md +++ b/deu/31/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/31/26.md b/deu/31/26.md index 7b91e96a78..577a76f11a 100644 --- a/deu/31/26.md +++ b/deu/31/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # witness against you Moses speaks to the Levites as if they were one man, so the word "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/27.md b/deu/31/27.md index 9856b5329c..e15a03dcea 100644 --- a/deu/31/27.md +++ b/deu/31/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated "stubborn" in [Deuteronomy 9:6](../09/06.md). # how much more after my death? This rhetorical question emphasizes how rebellious the people were. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "you will be even more rebellious after I die." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/28.md b/deu/31/28.md index 63ca1cbc74..4cd305cb80 100644 --- a/deu/31/28.md +++ b/deu/31/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "in their ears" means the people themselves. Alternate translation: "so tha # call heaven and earth to witness against them Possible meanings are 1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or 2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 30:19](../30/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/29.md b/deu/31/29.md index 848c4e3006..dc0c07e09c 100644 --- a/deu/31/29.md +++ b/deu/31/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate transl # through the work of your hands Here "your hands" means the people themselves. Alternate translation: "because of what you have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/30.md b/deu/31/30.md index c12f1644b8..aaf89893cd 100644 --- a/deu/31/30.md +++ b/deu/31/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "sang" or 2) "spoke." # the words of this song You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "the words of the song that Yahweh taught him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/31/intro.md b/deu/31/intro.md index baf82b787a..763222e624 100644 --- a/deu/31/intro.md +++ b/deu/31/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Deuteronomy 31 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Final instructions -#### Final instructions In the Ancient Near East, it was common for an important leader to give instructions for his people to follow after his death. In this chapter, Moses begins his final words to the people of Israel. These are words that he wants them to remember long after he is gone. This section also helped to make a smooth transition to Joshua's leadership. ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ In the Ancient Near East, it was common for an important leader to give instruct * __[Deuteronomy 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/32/01.md b/deu/32/01.md index e16c1e20d4..818c59071d 100644 --- a/deu/32/01.md +++ b/deu/32/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # Give ear, you heavens ... Let the earth listen Yahweh speaks to the heavens and earth as if they are there listening. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh is speaking to the inhabitants of heaven and earth or 2) Yahweh is speaking to the heavens and earth as if they are persons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/02.md b/deu/32/02.md index d935bb9f2e..3ec912fd23 100644 --- a/deu/32/02.md +++ b/deu/32/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings # showers heavy rain - diff --git a/deu/32/03.md b/deu/32/03.md index 1ea7278094..31be054279 100644 --- a/deu/32/03.md +++ b/deu/32/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. "tell how good Yahweh is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idio # ascribe greatness to our God "make sure people know that our God is great" - diff --git a/deu/32/04.md b/deu/32/04.md index d8ee46a007..e449a4d8b3 100644 --- a/deu/32/04.md +++ b/deu/32/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Alternate trans # He is just and upright These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is fair and does what is right. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/05.md b/deu/32/05.md index e72b1b509e..53c1dffa7f 100644 --- a/deu/32/05.md +++ b/deu/32/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. Moses continues to use paral # a perverted and crooked generation The words "perverted" and "crooked" mean basically the same thing. Moses uses them to emphasize how wicked the generation is. Alternate translation: "a completely wicked generation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/06.md b/deu/32/06.md index 2b7e865810..39757b4dc0 100644 --- a/deu/32/06.md +++ b/deu/32/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words "you" and " # Is he not your Father, the one who has created you? Moses uses a question to scold the people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is your Father and the one who created you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/07.md b/deu/32/07.md index e8f3523131..ad3871ee07 100644 --- a/deu/32/07.md +++ b/deu/32/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Moses wants the people of Israel to focus on their history as a nation. # he will show you "he will make it clear to you" or "he will enable you to understand it" - diff --git a/deu/32/08.md b/deu/32/08.md index 2937fe06cf..6ecfaa47c8 100644 --- a/deu/32/08.md +++ b/deu/32/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God has arranged the nations according to the way they relate to Israel. # the number of the children of Israel How this relates to "the boundaries of the people" is not clear. Some ancient and modern translations read, "the number of the angels of God" or "the number of the children of God." That is, God assigned an angel to each other nation, but he rules Israel directly. - diff --git a/deu/32/09.md b/deu/32/09.md index 0bf60343b9..c17ab4cb4a 100644 --- a/deu/32/09.md +++ b/deu/32/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. As he speaks to the Israelit # For Yahweh's portion is his people; Jacob is his apportioned inheritance These two phrases means basically the same thing and and can be combined. Alternate translation: "The descendants of Jacob are Yahweh's inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/10.md b/deu/32/10.md index 74996428ad..ec9aca032d 100644 --- a/deu/32/10.md +++ b/deu/32/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "howling" refers to the sound the wind makes as it blows through the empty # he guarded him as the apple of his eye This is an idiom. The apple of an eye refers to the dark part inside the eyeball that allows a person to see. This is a very important and sensitive part of the body. This means that the people of Israel are very important to God and something he protects. Alternate translation: "he protected him as something very valuable and precious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/11.md b/deu/32/11.md index e6873c39e3..f1348cee9e 100644 --- a/deu/32/11.md +++ b/deu/32/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means Yahweh watched over and protected the Israelites while they were in t # pinions the outer edges of a bird's wings - diff --git a/deu/32/12.md b/deu/32/12.md index b7919ccf66..b18c1d3a82 100644 --- a/deu/32/12.md +++ b/deu/32/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # led him ... with him Moses again speaks of the Israelites as "Jacob" ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate as if Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: "led them ... with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/13.md b/deu/32/13.md index 15f9b5262a..877ba89272 100644 --- a/deu/32/13.md +++ b/deu/32/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The land had many wild bees, which produce honey, with hives inside rock holes. # nourished him with honey This is like a mother giving her breast to an infant. "allowed him to suck honey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/14.md b/deu/32/14.md index 222527d524..61b218293f 100644 --- a/deu/32/14.md +++ b/deu/32/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues to speak of the Israelites as "Jacob" ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.m # fat of lambs, rams of Bashan and goats The people of Israel had many healthy herd animals. - diff --git a/deu/32/15.md b/deu/32/15.md index a312d1aeee..fbeb596115 100644 --- a/deu/32/15.md +++ b/deu/32/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means Yahweh is strong like a rock and able to protect his people. (See: [[ # the Rock This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/16.md b/deu/32/16.md index b6ced93654..614abe4656 100644 --- a/deu/32/16.md +++ b/deu/32/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They made Yahweh jealous The Israelites made Yahweh jealous. - diff --git a/deu/32/17.md b/deu/32/17.md index a8d6387178..c4ce054fed 100644 --- a/deu/32/17.md +++ b/deu/32/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means the Israelites recently learned about these gods. # your fathers Moses is speaking to the Israelites as many people, so the word "your" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/18.md b/deu/32/18.md index 696e608676..769beb906a 100644 --- a/deu/32/18.md +++ b/deu/32/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and a # who became your father ... who gave you birth This compares Yahweh to a father and a mother. This means God caused them to live and to be a nation. Alternate translation: "who fathered you ... who gave life to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/19.md b/deu/32/19.md index 7afbdefae6..690df983eb 100644 --- a/deu/32/19.md +++ b/deu/32/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # his sons and his daughters This refers to the people of Israel whom Yahweh gave life to and made into a nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/20.md b/deu/32/20.md index 3a79bc1801..9e20782b15 100644 --- a/deu/32/20.md +++ b/deu/32/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I will turn away from them" or "I will # I will see what their end will be "I will see what happens to them" - diff --git a/deu/32/21.md b/deu/32/21.md index 39b3aef072..53907a802d 100644 --- a/deu/32/21.md +++ b/deu/32/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ You may need to make explicit what the "things" are. Alternate translation: "wor # foolish nation Translate "foolish" as in [Deuteronomy 32:6](../32/06.md). - diff --git a/deu/32/22.md b/deu/32/22.md index 72834569a0..baf745bc32 100644 --- a/deu/32/22.md +++ b/deu/32/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I start a fire becaus # to the lowest Sheol "even to the world of the dead" - diff --git a/deu/32/23.md b/deu/32/23.md index 02ed3ede50..4565e2dde4 100644 --- a/deu/32/23.md +++ b/deu/32/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of bad things that would happen to the Israelites as if they were # I will shoot all my arrows at them Here Yahweh compares the bad things he will make sure happen to the Israelites to someone shooting arrows from a bow. Alternate translation: "I will do all I can do to kill them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/24.md b/deu/32/24.md index 9b4e3a0575..b8e6f73034 100644 --- a/deu/32/24.md +++ b/deu/32/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings of "burning heat" are 1) the Israelites will suffer from fever # I will send on them the teeth of wild animals, with the poison of things that crawl in the dust The teeth and the poison are synecdoches for the animals that use these things to kill. Alternate translation: "I will send wild animals to bite them, and things that crawl in the dust to bite and poison them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/25.md b/deu/32/25.md index dc93b508c1..cf5b960b25 100644 --- a/deu/32/25.md +++ b/deu/32/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of being afraid as if it were a person who comes into a house and # young man and virgin, the nursing baby, and the man of gray hairs These terms describing people of different ages are combined to mean that all kinds of people will die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/26.md b/deu/32/26.md index 61b4013b51..4c84028583 100644 --- a/deu/32/26.md +++ b/deu/32/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "I said, 'I wil # I would make the memory of them to cease from among mankind "I would make all people forget about them" - diff --git a/deu/32/27.md b/deu/32/27.md index 52d9bbe1c2..4c2a0cac62 100644 --- a/deu/32/27.md +++ b/deu/32/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of his enemies as if they are one man. Alternate translation: "my # Our hand is exalted Here "hand" represents the strength or power of a person. To be exalted is an idiom for defeating an enemy. Alternate translation: "We have defeated them because we are more powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/28.md b/deu/32/28.md index 7d26f1effd..51c5218aee 100644 --- a/deu/32/28.md +++ b/deu/32/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh's words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/29.md b/deu/32/29.md index 94194c7ca6..42ffb902e8 100644 --- a/deu/32/29.md +++ b/deu/32/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses states something that he wishes were true, but he knows that it is not tru # their coming fate The abstract noun "fate" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "what is going to happen to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/30.md b/deu/32/30.md index b1ba3fe36a..fb562fa6b1 100644 --- a/deu/32/30.md +++ b/deu/32/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "Rock" refers to Yahweh who is strong and able to protect his people. A # their Rock "The Rock" here is a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. Translate "Rock" as in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/31.md b/deu/32/31.md index a94333a8b4..bb029440ef 100644 --- a/deu/32/31.md +++ b/deu/32/31.md @@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ The enemies' idols and false gods are not powerful like Yahweh. # have concluded -have made a judgment after looking at the facts - +have made a judgment after looking at the facts diff --git a/deu/32/32.md b/deu/32/32.md index 9e44126f22..05e7a94456 100644 --- a/deu/32/32.md +++ b/deu/32/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The vine is a metaphor for the people group. "it is as if their vine were a bran # their clusters "their clusters of grapes" - diff --git a/deu/32/33.md b/deu/32/33.md index 68a8fb2da5..6bee87c9d0 100644 --- a/deu/32/33.md +++ b/deu/32/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues comparing the enemies of the people of Israel to grapevines that # asps poisonous snakes - diff --git a/deu/32/34.md b/deu/32/34.md index 34d1614af4..7a27226d20 100644 --- a/deu/32/34.md +++ b/deu/32/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is not this plan secretly kept by me, sealed up among my treasures? This question emphasizes that Yahweh's plans for the people of Israel are kept secret like a valuable treasure. The rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I know what I have planned to do to the Israelite people and to their enemies, and I have locked up those plans as someone would lock up his valuable possessions." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/35.md b/deu/32/35.md index 908f0a5c5b..4a8d49c56c 100644 --- a/deu/32/35.md +++ b/deu/32/35.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Something bad has happened to them. Alternate translation: "they are helpless" ( # the things that are to come on them will hurry to happen Yahweh speaks of the bad things that will happen to his enemies as if the bad things were people running eagerly to punish them. Alternate translation: "I will punish them quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/36.md b/deu/32/36.md index d397b6d94f..7564b0a0f3 100644 --- a/deu/32/36.md +++ b/deu/32/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "justice" can be translated as an adjective or as an adverb. A # he will pity his servants "he will feel that he needs to help his servants" - diff --git a/deu/32/37.md b/deu/32/37.md index e7d2a9e0c1..63e8b06e2b 100644 --- a/deu/32/37.md +++ b/deu/32/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/38.md b/deu/32/38.md index eec5a93eb7..235a24faab 100644 --- a/deu/32/38.md +++ b/deu/32/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words "Where are # Let them rise up and help you; let them be your protection Yahweh says this to mock the Israelites. He knows these gods cannot help them. Alternate translation: "These idols are not even able to get up and help or to protect you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/39.md b/deu/32/39.md index 5ba548194d..82013f134a 100644 --- a/deu/32/39.md +++ b/deu/32/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # I, even I "I, I myself" or "I, I alone." Yahweh repeats "I" to emphasize that only he is God. - diff --git a/deu/32/40.md b/deu/32/40.md index 61f82ad562..675835c626 100644 --- a/deu/32/40.md +++ b/deu/32/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # As I live forever "As certainly as I live forever" or "I swear by my life which is never-ending." This statement assures the people that what God says in [Deuteronomy 32:41](../32/41.md)-[Deuteronomy 32:42](./42.md) will happen. - diff --git a/deu/32/41.md b/deu/32/41.md index eaf0b6ed71..0ee28d6175 100644 --- a/deu/32/41.md +++ b/deu/32/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # when my hand begins to bring justice Here "hand" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "when I get ready to judge the wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/42.md b/deu/32/42.md index fae33b0bb0..bf77645560 100644 --- a/deu/32/42.md +++ b/deu/32/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of arrows as if they were people to whom he could give alcohol and # from the heads of the leaders of the enemy A possible meaning is "from the long-haired heads of the enemy." - diff --git a/deu/32/43.md b/deu/32/43.md index 84a579a802..c140ef8c27 100644 --- a/deu/32/43.md +++ b/deu/32/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses addresses the peoples of all the nations as if they were there listening. # for he will avenge the blood of his servants; he will render vengeance on his enemies Here "blood of his servants" represents the lives of his innocent servants who were killed. Alternate translation: "for he will take revenge on his enemies, who killed his servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/44.md b/deu/32/44.md index 82b78d339d..dcc3226ccd 100644 --- a/deu/32/44.md +++ b/deu/32/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "spoke" or 2) "sang." # in the ears of the people Here "ears" represents the people themselves and emphasizes that Moses wanted to make sure they heard the song clearly. Alternate translation: "to the people so they would be sure to hear it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/45.md b/deu/32/45.md index 824fdad420..489b82a4a1 100644 --- a/deu/32/45.md +++ b/deu/32/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reciting Possible meanings are 1) "speaking" or 2) "singing." - diff --git a/deu/32/46.md b/deu/32/46.md index 7df51c19c7..ec332f54f3 100644 --- a/deu/32/46.md +++ b/deu/32/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "I have testified to you," referring to what Yahweh has # your children "your children and descendants" - diff --git a/deu/32/47.md b/deu/32/47.md index 5ad917b7b3..cbb84ed692 100644 --- a/deu/32/47.md +++ b/deu/32/47.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "life" can be translated as the verb "live." You may need to m # prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: "be able to live a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/48.md b/deu/32/48.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/32/48.md +++ b/deu/32/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/32/49.md b/deu/32/49.md index d73b6caf41..0009729f6a 100644 --- a/deu/32/49.md +++ b/deu/32/49.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the highest place in the Abarim Mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tr # opposite Jericho "on the other side of the river from Jericho" - diff --git a/deu/32/50.md b/deu/32/50.md index 08aab5da8a..eff59e0ba5 100644 --- a/deu/32/50.md +++ b/deu/32/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying Moses's spirit would join the spirits of his rela # Mount Hor This is the name of a mountain on the border of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/51.md b/deu/32/51.md index d7af75b345..0d2a9b4dde 100644 --- a/deu/32/51.md +++ b/deu/32/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of the place in the desert where Moses disobeyed God. (See: [[r # wilderness of Zin This is the name of a wilderness on the southern border of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/32/52.md b/deu/32/52.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/32/52.md +++ b/deu/32/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/32/intro.md b/deu/32/intro.md index 4d7b8db44e..cf1b5dc192 100644 --- a/deu/32/intro.md +++ b/deu/32/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 32 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 32:1-43. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Punishment -#### Punishment This chapter prophesies a time when Israel will be disobedient to Yahweh and he will have to punish them. This is meant to serve as a warning to the nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter prophesies a time when Israel will be disobedient to Yahweh and he * __[Deuteronomy 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/33/01.md b/deu/33/01.md index cee1172050..ab5572bab9 100644 --- a/deu/33/01.md +++ b/deu/33/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses begins to bless the tribes of Israel. Moses speaks the blessing in the form of short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/02.md b/deu/33/02.md index e769a3ddcf..8f17bcdb97 100644 --- a/deu/33/02.md +++ b/deu/33/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses compares Yahweh to the rising sun. Alternate translation: "When Yahweh cam # In his right hand were flashes of lightning Other possible meanings are 1) "In his right hand were flames of fire" or 2) "He gave them a law of fire" or 3) "He came from the south, down his mountain slopes." - diff --git a/deu/33/03.md b/deu/33/03.md index b5d0d13abe..2a053c3242 100644 --- a/deu/33/03.md +++ b/deu/33/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The pronouns "his" and "your" refer to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "all Yahwe # all his holy people are in your hand The hand is a metonym for power and protection. Alternate translation: "you protect all his holy people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/04.md b/deu/33/04.md index 66ff343ed6..5f718d815d 100644 --- a/deu/33/04.md +++ b/deu/33/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an inheritance "a possession" or "a precious possession" - diff --git a/deu/33/05.md b/deu/33/05.md index 49a6372ca0..14b2f3d0b3 100644 --- a/deu/33/05.md +++ b/deu/33/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Verse 5 is difficult to understand. Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israe # Jeshurun This is another name for Israel. Translate it as in [Deuteronomy 32:15](../32/15.md). - diff --git a/deu/33/06.md b/deu/33/06.md index 7c6ca9f6ea..2e58a31cb5 100644 --- a/deu/33/06.md +++ b/deu/33/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins Moses's blessings to the individual tribes of Israel. # but may his men be few Other possible meanings are 1) "and may his men not be few" or 2) "even though his men are few." - diff --git a/deu/33/07.md b/deu/33/07.md index 8cbdc209b2..51d509ed16 100644 --- a/deu/33/07.md +++ b/deu/33/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "voice of Judah" refers to the cries and prayers of the people of Judah. Al # be a help The abstract noun "help" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "help him to fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/08.md b/deu/33/08.md index 41c261ee3a..8dd0a0204b 100644 --- a/deu/33/08.md +++ b/deu/33/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:16](../06/16.md). Translator may a # Meribah See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:51](../32/51.md). Translator may add a footnote that says: "The name 'Meribah' means 'argue' or 'quarrel.'" - diff --git a/deu/33/09.md b/deu/33/09.md index d05494efcd..43d6f05be1 100644 --- a/deu/33/09.md +++ b/deu/33/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "who" refers to the Yahweh's "faithful one" of [Deuteronomy 33:8](./08 # guarded ... kept These words both mean to watch over and to protect. They are often metaphors for "obeyed," but here they should be translated literally because they refer to a time when the Levites literally killed people who were rebelling against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/10.md b/deu/33/10.md index 19daffc278..5c725cffb9 100644 --- a/deu/33/10.md +++ b/deu/33/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He # your ... your ... you ... your Moses is speaking to Yahweh, so all these words are singular. - diff --git a/deu/33/11.md b/deu/33/11.md index 5d52b6bb45..9301304d0a 100644 --- a/deu/33/11.md +++ b/deu/33/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrase is used twice as a metaphor. Alternate translation: "rise up to figh # rise up against This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "fight against" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/12.md b/deu/33/12.md index 6d2256bbed..5080d90147 100644 --- a/deu/33/12.md +++ b/deu/33/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstact noun "security" can be translated using a verb phrase. Alternate tra # he lives between Yahweh's arms Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh protects the tribe of Benjamin with his power or 2) Yahweh lives in the hill region of the tribe of Benjamin. In both translations, it means Yahweh takes care of them. - diff --git a/deu/33/13.md b/deu/33/13.md index 3405e9f7fe..78a8632153 100644 --- a/deu/33/13.md +++ b/deu/33/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings. See how you translated th # the deep that lies beneath This refers to the water under the ground. - diff --git a/deu/33/14.md b/deu/33/14.md index 5a02a140c1..bf9b5967b4 100644 --- a/deu/33/14.md +++ b/deu/33/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3 # with the precious things of the produce of the months "with the best crops that grow month to month" - diff --git a/deu/33/15.md b/deu/33/15.md index 95077f1ed8..a01a0a3593 100644 --- a/deu/33/15.md +++ b/deu/33/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses is probably referring to food crops. The full meaning of this statement ca # everlasting hills "the hills that will exist forever" - diff --git a/deu/33/16.md b/deu/33/16.md index 50c978c9bd..f4dfa9acf6 100644 --- a/deu/33/16.md +++ b/deu/33/16.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "head" and "top of the head" represent the whole person. Also, Joseph repre # top of the head Another possible meaning is "brow" or "forehead." - diff --git a/deu/33/17.md b/deu/33/17.md index bf46b80e00..54488ba7a3 100644 --- a/deu/33/17.md +++ b/deu/33/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Pushing with his horns is a metaphor for strength. Alternate translation: "He is # ten thousands of Ephraim ... the thousands of Manasseh This means the tribe of Ephraim will be stronger than the tribe of Manasseh. Alternate translation: "the people of Ephraim, who number many times 10,000 ... the people of Manasseh, who number many times 1,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/18.md b/deu/33/18.md index 9d676482e0..c1313695be 100644 --- a/deu/33/18.md +++ b/deu/33/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to bless each tribe of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He # Rejoice, Zebulun, in your going out, and you, Issachar, in your tents The people of Zebulun were located near the Mediterranean Sea. They traveled by sea and traded with other people. The people of Issachar preferred peaceful living and working the land and raising cattle. You can make clear the understood information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/19.md b/deu/33/19.md index 7056d1b1bd..3b980207d3 100644 --- a/deu/33/19.md +++ b/deu/33/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) they will trade with people across the sea or 2) they w # For they will suck the abundance of the seas The Hebrew word translated "suck" here refers to how a baby nurses at its mother's breast. It means the people will gain wealth from the sea like a baby gets milk from its mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/20.md b/deu/33/20.md index e9bc38b0a4..a9778533be 100644 --- a/deu/33/20.md +++ b/deu/33/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can stated in active form. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are 1) # He will live there like a lioness, and he will tear off an arm or a head This means the people of Gad are strong and secure, and they will defeat their enemies in war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/21.md b/deu/33/21.md index 57262bc31e..a5ca03fdc5 100644 --- a/deu/33/21.md +++ b/deu/33/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means a larger piece of land that a leader normally took. # He carried out the justice of Yahweh and his decrees with Israel "They obeyed all that Yahweh had commanded the Israelites" - diff --git a/deu/33/22.md b/deu/33/22.md index 346b68b822..5ced878864 100644 --- a/deu/33/22.md +++ b/deu/33/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (S # Dan is a lion cub that leaps out from Bashan The people of Dan are strong like a lion cub, and they attack their enemies who live in Bashan. You can make clear the understood information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/23.md b/deu/33/23.md index a7955d9cd8..7559b604e3 100644 --- a/deu/33/23.md +++ b/deu/33/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses speaks as if the tribe of Naphtali is one man, so these words are singular # the land to the west and south This refers to the land around Lake Galilee. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/24.md b/deu/33/24.md index 8833ba9e08..c455bbc007 100644 --- a/deu/33/24.md +++ b/deu/33/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (S # dip his foot in olive oil Olive oil was used for food and for the skin of the face and arms. Feet were dirty, so to put the foot in olive oil was to ruin valuable oil. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "have so much olive oil that he can afford to waste it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/25.md b/deu/33/25.md index 9612e0bf09..62a37ab19f 100644 --- a/deu/33/25.md +++ b/deu/33/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks to the tribe of Asher as if they are one man, so all instances of " # May your city bars be iron and bronze Cities had large bars across their gates to keep enemies out. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "May you be safe from attacks by your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/26.md b/deu/33/26.md index dbb73febaa..0efd0532b1 100644 --- a/deu/33/26.md +++ b/deu/33/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an image of Yahweh riding on clouds through the sky like a king on his c # to your help "to help you." Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "you" here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/27.md b/deu/33/27.md index ec61e959fa..c0fe9029de 100644 --- a/deu/33/27.md +++ b/deu/33/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "you" and th # he said, "Destroy!" If this direct quotation would not work well in your language, you may change it to an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "he will tell you to destroy them!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/deu/33/28.md b/deu/33/28.md index bac8a4158f..6156efafc2 100644 --- a/deu/33/28.md +++ b/deu/33/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The dew is spoken of as being so much that it is as if it were raining. Possible # dew water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:2](../32/02.md). - diff --git a/deu/33/29.md b/deu/33/29.md index c08f00ec14..e8888dff25 100644 --- a/deu/33/29.md +++ b/deu/33/29.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "sword" is a metaphor for the power to kill with the sword in order to # you will trample down their high places Possible meanings are 1) the Israelites will destroy the places where the other people worship false gods or 2) the Israelites will walk on the backs of their enemies when the Israelites defeat them. - diff --git a/deu/33/intro.md b/deu/33/intro.md index c07b9af9cc..5dc171d4c5 100644 --- a/deu/33/intro.md +++ b/deu/33/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Deuteronomy 33 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic lines of Moses's blessings in 33:1-29. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Families -#### Families Moses gives a series of prophecies or instructions for each of the tribes of Israel and Israel overall. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Moses gives a series of prophecies or instructions for each of the tribes of Isr * __[Deuteronomy 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/deu/34/01.md b/deu/34/01.md index d8350c6026..fe940a1302 100644 --- a/deu/34/01.md +++ b/deu/34/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the highest point of Mount Pisgah which is in the northern part of the A # Pisgah See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/deu/34/02.md b/deu/34/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/34/02.md +++ b/deu/34/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/34/03.md b/deu/34/03.md index 9bf718b0a2..0a7d312714 100644 --- a/deu/34/03.md +++ b/deu/34/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the City of Palms This is another name for Jericho. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/deu/34/04.md b/deu/34/04.md index 122d7e22cf..245638506c 100644 --- a/deu/34/04.md +++ b/deu/34/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # look at it with your eyes "see it for yourself" - diff --git a/deu/34/05.md b/deu/34/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/34/05.md +++ b/deu/34/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/34/06.md b/deu/34/06.md index 787ff41316..5f26531453 100644 --- a/deu/34/06.md +++ b/deu/34/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a town in Moab. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03 # to this day This refers to the time that this was written or edited, not to the present time in the twenty-first century. - diff --git a/deu/34/07.md b/deu/34/07.md index a0c42ae25d..f0d812248b 100644 --- a/deu/34/07.md +++ b/deu/34/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated This means his eyes and body were still strong and healthy. - diff --git a/deu/34/08.md b/deu/34/08.md index bff1aee296..c95225aa7b 100644 --- a/deu/34/08.md +++ b/deu/34/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty days "30 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/deu/34/09.md b/deu/34/09.md index 327fb0996c..aef205e2dd 100644 --- a/deu/34/09.md +++ b/deu/34/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks as if Joshua were a container and the spirit were a physical o # Moses had laid his hands on him The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Moses had laid his hands on him to set Joshua apart so Joshua would serve Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/deu/34/10.md b/deu/34/10.md index 50ae90784e..2225af9953 100644 --- a/deu/34/10.md +++ b/deu/34/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh knew face to face This is an idiom. It means Yahweh and Moses had a very close relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/deu/34/11.md b/deu/34/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/deu/34/11.md +++ b/deu/34/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/deu/34/12.md b/deu/34/12.md index f5139b02b6..17ac1b53e6 100644 --- a/deu/34/12.md +++ b/deu/34/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in all the mighty "who did all the mighty" - diff --git a/deu/34/intro.md b/deu/34/intro.md index 0cf8690ab0..0313e059fe 100644 --- a/deu/34/intro.md +++ b/deu/34/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Deuteronomy 34 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter may have been written by Joshua, since it recorded Moses's death. This chapter officially ends the revelation of the law of Moses, and life in the Promised Land is about to begin again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter may have been written by Joshua, since it recorded Moses's death. T * __[Deuteronomy 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../33/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/deu/front/intro.md b/deu/front/intro.md index 1b804d734c..65f2d9f71f 100644 --- a/deu/front/intro.md +++ b/deu/front/intro.md @@ -4,23 +4,22 @@ ### Outline of Deuteronomy -1. Moses reminds Israel of how Yahweh guided them through the wilderness (1:1–3:29) +1. Moses reminds Israel of how Yahweh guided them through the wilderness (1:1–3:29) 1. Moses appeals for Israel to obey the law of Yahweh (4:1–43) 1. The Ten Commandments (5:1–10:22) 1. Rules and warnings from the Law (11:1–26:19) 1. Instructions for entering Canaan (27:1–26) 1. Blessings for obeying and curses for disobeying (28:1-68) -1. The covenant renewed (29:1-30:20) +1. The covenant renewed (29:1-30:20) 1. Last words of Moses, the Song of Moses, and his death (31:1–34:12) - ### What is the Book of Deuteronomy about? In the book of Deuteronomy, Moses repeats the laws of the covenant that God made with the people of Israel. The people of Israel were about to go into the Promised Land. Before they entered the land, Moses reminded them of what Yahweh did for them and what he expected from them. Moses warned the people about worshipping idols and no longer trusting Yahweh once they settled in the Promised Land. Yahweh promised to judge those who disobey him and to bless those who obey his Law. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) ### How should the title of this book be translated? -The name "Deuteronomy" means "Second Law" or "the retelling of the Law." Translators may decide on a title such as, "A Repeat of the Law" or "Moses Explains the Law Again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +The name "Deuteronomy" means "Second Law" or "the retelling of the Law." Translators may decide on a title such as, "A Repeat of the Law" or "Moses Explains the Law Again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ### Who wrote the Book of Deuteronomy? @@ -45,4 +44,3 @@ God's name is mentioned over thirty times in the book of Deuteronomy. The use of ### Can this book be translated before the rest of the Pentateuch? The Books of Genesis and Exodus help to explain what happens in Deuteronomy. For this reason, those books should be translated before the Book of Deuteronomy. - diff --git a/ecc/01/01.md b/ecc/01/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/01/01.md +++ b/ecc/01/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/01/02.md b/ecc/01/02.md index 86c2bd8e0a..569cb79828 100644 --- a/ecc/01/02.md +++ b/ecc/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # "Meaningless! Meaningless! says the Teacher. "Absolutely meaningless! Everything is meaningless!" This speaks of how everything in life vanishes and has no lasting value as if everything were like a disappearing vapor or breeze. Alternate translation: "'Like a vapor of mist vanishes and like a breeze in the wind disappears,' says the Teacher, 'everything vanishes and has no lasting value.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/03.md b/ecc/01/03.md index 24963d79ec..cccfa12d67 100644 --- a/ecc/01/03.md +++ b/ecc/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author uses this rhetorical question to cause the reader to think deeply abo # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/04.md b/ecc/01/04.md index 89d58d2fa9..fab843ac54 100644 --- a/ecc/01/04.md +++ b/ecc/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer is presenting the natural order of life as he understands it. - diff --git a/ecc/01/05.md b/ecc/01/05.md index d4402a2298..f994414849 100644 --- a/ecc/01/05.md +++ b/ecc/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hurries back to the place This speaks of how the sun sets at the end of the day and is soon ready to rise again, as if it were a person that quickly ran from the place where it sets to the place from which it rises. Alternate translation: "quickly returns to the place" or "quickly goes to the place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/06.md b/ecc/01/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/01/06.md +++ b/ecc/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/01/07.md b/ecc/01/07.md index f8b951eca1..74e064fcb9 100644 --- a/ecc/01/07.md +++ b/ecc/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer continues with observations about the natural order. - diff --git a/ecc/01/08.md b/ecc/01/08.md index f7866ff755..0f11637848 100644 --- a/ecc/01/08.md +++ b/ecc/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "eye" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "A person is # nor is the ear fulfilled by what it hears Here the "ear" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "nor is a person content by what his ears hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/09.md b/ecc/01/09.md index d923e21884..e73fab8517 100644 --- a/ecc/01/09.md +++ b/ecc/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whatever has happened # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/10.md b/ecc/01/10.md index 600455f322..bc0a88bb85 100644 --- a/ecc/01/10.md +++ b/ecc/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is asked to emphasize that man cannot say there is anyt # about which it may be said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "about which someone may say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/11.md b/ecc/01/11.md index 070f5b6726..4c6c64cfac 100644 --- a/ecc/01/11.md +++ b/ecc/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will not likely be remembered either This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will not likely remember them either" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/12.md b/ecc/01/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/01/12.md +++ b/ecc/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/01/13.md b/ecc/01/13.md index 48949dc525..7cdaeb9c15 100644 --- a/ecc/01/13.md +++ b/ecc/01/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to things that are done on earth. Alternate translation: "on the ear # children of mankind "human beings" - diff --git a/ecc/01/14.md b/ecc/01/14.md index dbae40164a..edb21e27e0 100644 --- a/ecc/01/14.md +++ b/ecc/01/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author uses this word to draw attention to what he says next. Alternate tran # chasing the wind The author says that everything that people do is as useless as if they were trying to control the wind. Alternate translation: "are as useless as trying to control the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/15.md b/ecc/01/15.md index ef1aec6fe3..4228f9cc6b 100644 --- a/ecc/01/15.md +++ b/ecc/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The twisted cannot be straightened! The missing cannot be counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People cannot straighten things that are twisted! They cannot count what is not there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/16.md b/ecc/01/16.md index 920c922952..191bfceca6 100644 --- a/ecc/01/16.md +++ b/ecc/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author refers to himself by his "heart" to emphasize his feelings. Alte # My mind has seen Here the author refers to himself by his "mind" to emphasize what he has learned. Alternate translation: "I have gained" or "I have learned" - diff --git a/ecc/01/17.md b/ecc/01/17.md index f94d2eaa3a..a5eab24dc4 100644 --- a/ecc/01/17.md +++ b/ecc/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "madness" and "folly" share similar meanings and refer to foolish thin # an attempt to shepherd the wind The author says learning wisdom and madness and folly is as useless as trying to control the wind. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: "as useless as trying to control the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/01/18.md b/ecc/01/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/01/18.md +++ b/ecc/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/01/intro.md b/ecc/01/intro.md index 880659f54a..a78d854399 100644 --- a/ecc/01/intro.md +++ b/ecc/01/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ecclesiastes 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:2-11 and 15. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Tone -#### Tone The tone of this chapter is sad, or depressing. The author believes that everything in life is pointless. The metaphors in this chapter all describe the idea that nothing ever changes. This is also known as "fatalism." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +16,3 @@ The tone of this chapter is sad, or depressing. The author believes that everyth * __[Ecclesiastes intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/02/01.md b/ecc/02/01.md index 412b4ef171..a841eddc78 100644 --- a/ecc/02/01.md +++ b/ecc/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "pleasure" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "So I wil # this also is meaningless "this also only lasted for a short time, like a temporary breeze" - diff --git a/ecc/02/02.md b/ecc/02/02.md index bc2c5b46a8..c59c0b94eb 100644 --- a/ecc/02/02.md +++ b/ecc/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If your language has a special word for laughter about meaningless things, you m # What use is it? The author uses a rhetorical question to emphasize that pleasure is useless. Alternate translation: "It is useless." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/03.md b/ecc/02/03.md index ad27a31d16..6c493843e7 100644 --- a/ecc/02/03.md +++ b/ecc/02/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to things that are done on earth. Alternate translation: "on the ear # during the days of their lives "during the time that they are alive" - diff --git a/ecc/02/04.md b/ecc/02/04.md index 44a7c918b8..eb162dc29b 100644 --- a/ecc/02/04.md +++ b/ecc/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I built for myself houses and planted for myself vineyards The writer probably told people to do the work for him. Alternate translation: "I had people build houses and plant vineyards for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/05.md b/ecc/02/05.md index 0d5c2c0edf..3a9c1e4452 100644 --- a/ecc/02/05.md +++ b/ecc/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate translation: "I had pe # gardens and parks These two words share similar meanings and refer to beautiful orchards of fruit trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/06.md b/ecc/02/06.md index b8a4077968..6e2c9c3347 100644 --- a/ecc/02/06.md +++ b/ecc/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate translation: "I had th # forest where trees were grown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "forest where trees grew" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/07.md b/ecc/02/07.md index 4dca6c86eb..63371c0fb0 100644 --- a/ecc/02/07.md +++ b/ecc/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # much more than any king The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: "much more than any other king had" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/08.md b/ecc/02/08.md index ae29768abc..2539ad07fe 100644 --- a/ecc/02/08.md +++ b/ecc/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "provinces" represents the rulers of the provinces. Alternate translation: # and many concubines, the delight of the children of men This means that he had many concubines that he enjoyed sleeping with, as any man enjoys sleeping with women. Alternate translation: "I greatly enjoyed many concubines, as would delight any man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/09.md b/ecc/02/09.md index bf3eee73b4..98aa7c5315 100644 --- a/ecc/02/09.md +++ b/ecc/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to all the previous rulers of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "tha # my wisdom remained with me This is an idiom. "I continued to act wisely" or "I continued to be wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/10.md b/ecc/02/10.md index 49b85dcd4f..601fd55f59 100644 --- a/ecc/02/10.md +++ b/ecc/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the author refers to himself by his "heart" to emphasize his desires. This # my heart rejoiced Here the author refers to himself by his "heart" to emphasize his desires. Alternate translation: "I rejoiced" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/11.md b/ecc/02/11.md index d1354b2500..cee7b926b0 100644 --- a/ecc/02/11.md +++ b/ecc/02/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The author says that everything that people do is as useless as if they were try # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/12.md b/ecc/02/12.md index 005e51ed9d..aa10848b5c 100644 --- a/ecc/02/12.md +++ b/ecc/02/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize his point that the next ki # the man who becomes the next king "the man who succeeds the current king" or "the next king who comes after me" - diff --git a/ecc/02/13.md b/ecc/02/13.md index 783b918651..43a02978c3 100644 --- a/ecc/02/13.md +++ b/ecc/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wisdom has advantages over folly, just as light is more profitable than darkness This speaks of how wisdom is better than folly by comparing it to how light makes life better for people than darkness does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/14.md b/ecc/02/14.md index f1dfbd8d7b..aaacddec07 100644 --- a/ecc/02/14.md +++ b/ecc/02/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This compares a fool making bad decisions to someone walking in darkness. Altern # the same event death - diff --git a/ecc/02/15.md b/ecc/02/15.md index a565a635a2..1fdc999df7 100644 --- a/ecc/02/15.md +++ b/ecc/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no benefit t # I concluded in my heart Here the author refers to himself by his "heart" to emphasize his feelings. Alternate translation: "I concluded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/16.md b/ecc/02/16.md index 280e7271fb..0149a0dddb 100644 --- a/ecc/02/16.md +++ b/ecc/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People do not remembe # everything will have been long forgotten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will have long forgotten everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/17.md b/ecc/02/17.md index 53d2d5dd05..fe5d3980bc 100644 --- a/ecc/02/17.md +++ b/ecc/02/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author says everything that people do is as useless as if they were trying t # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/18.md b/ecc/02/18.md index c7aac33d50..3b55c67615 100644 --- a/ecc/02/18.md +++ b/ecc/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "toil" here is a metonym for the results of toiling. Alternate translat # to the man who comes after me "to the man who inherits it after me" - diff --git a/ecc/02/19.md b/ecc/02/19.md index 9af888555d..7c5617f94c 100644 --- a/ecc/02/19.md +++ b/ecc/02/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ec # that my labor and wisdom have built Here the author's "labor" and "wisdom" represent himself and the things he did in his wisdom. He probably had help with the literal buildings. Alternate translation: "that I worked very hard and wisely to build" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/20.md b/ecc/02/20.md index d4ad1846b7..dd91a4a2f2 100644 --- a/ecc/02/20.md +++ b/ecc/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I began to give my heart to despair Here the author refers to himself by his "heart" to emphasize his feelings. Alternate translation: "I began to despair" or "I began to lose all hope" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/21.md b/ecc/02/21.md index 9368de97b8..c12df46788 100644 --- a/ecc/02/21.md +++ b/ecc/02/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # a great injustice "a great disaster" - diff --git a/ecc/02/22.md b/ecc/02/22.md index f24108165a..83f021a215 100644 --- a/ecc/02/22.md +++ b/ecc/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author uses a rhetorical question to cause the reader to think deeply about # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/23.md b/ecc/02/23.md index ee56738d3a..ed310511ae 100644 --- a/ecc/02/23.md +++ b/ecc/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how difficult the pe # his soul does not find rest Here man's mind is referred to as his "soul" to emphasize his deep thoughts. Alternate translation: "his mind does not rest" or "he continues to worry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/24.md b/ecc/02/24.md index d7c9366043..42ade5879d 100644 --- a/ecc/02/24.md +++ b/ecc/02/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hand of God Here God is represented by his "hand" to emphasize how he provides for people. Alternate translation: "from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/25.md b/ecc/02/25.md index 88b2997f7c..30b38b212d 100644 --- a/ecc/02/25.md +++ b/ecc/02/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For who can eat or who can have any kind of pleasure apart from God? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that no pleasure can be had without God's provision. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "For no one can eat or have any kind of pleasure apart from God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/26.md b/ecc/02/26.md index 1051978cd2..0fd6121ade 100644 --- a/ecc/02/26.md +++ b/ecc/02/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings for the word "he" are 1) God or 2) the sinner. This also can b # like chasing the wind The author speaks of everything that people do as being useless as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: "as useless as trying to control the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/02/intro.md b/ecc/02/intro.md index f1aef821b5..50ea503904 100644 --- a/ecc/02/intro.md +++ b/ecc/02/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Ecclesiastes 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 2:10-16. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Pleasures -#### Pleasures When the author thought about the pointlessness of life, he decided to fill it with pointless pleasures. He believed that this type of living would have no effect on the world. Therefore, he indulged in every type of pleasure. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Assumed knowledge -#### Assumed knowledge It is assumed that the author is going to reject the way of living in this chapter. He is certainly not encouraging this way of living even though he does not say this explicitly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ It is assumed that the author is going to reject the way of living in this chapt * __[Ecclesiastes 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/03/01.md b/ecc/03/01.md index 68caec06a0..1ffc87f8f3 100644 --- a/ecc/03/01.md +++ b/ecc/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer uses merisms to describe various aspects of life from one extreme to # under heaven This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/02.md b/ecc/03/02.md index 4674456327..46c2422bfd 100644 --- a/ecc/03/02.md +++ b/ecc/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a time to pull up plants Possible meanings are 1) "a time to harvest" or 2) "a time to uproot." - diff --git a/ecc/03/03.md b/ecc/03/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/03/03.md +++ b/ecc/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/03/04.md b/ecc/03/04.md index c28668e434..edf1786872 100644 --- a/ecc/03/04.md +++ b/ecc/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer continues with merisms to describe various aspects of life from one extreme to the other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/05.md b/ecc/03/05.md index e08bed8a23..82f5622baf 100644 --- a/ecc/03/05.md +++ b/ecc/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # embrace to hold someone in your arms to show love or friendship - diff --git a/ecc/03/06.md b/ecc/03/06.md index c28668e434..edf1786872 100644 --- a/ecc/03/06.md +++ b/ecc/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer continues with merisms to describe various aspects of life from one extreme to the other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/07.md b/ecc/03/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/03/07.md +++ b/ecc/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/03/08.md b/ecc/03/08.md index d42e7f18a2..86f2185023 100644 --- a/ecc/03/08.md +++ b/ecc/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer concludes using merisms to describe various aspects of life from one extreme to the other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/09.md b/ecc/03/09.md index ae5ea59522..12946f0cbb 100644 --- a/ecc/03/09.md +++ b/ecc/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What profit does the worker gain in his labor? This is a thought-provoking question to focus the reader on the next discussion topic. Translate "What profit does ... gain" as you did in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "The worker seems to gain no lasting benefit for his labor." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/10.md b/ecc/03/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/03/10.md +++ b/ecc/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/03/11.md b/ecc/03/11.md index 23f5a7ebc0..8fee30bee9 100644 --- a/ecc/03/11.md +++ b/ecc/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "their" refers to human beings. Here the "hearts" of the people re # from their beginning all the way to their end This refers to the beginning and the end and all that is in between. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/12.md b/ecc/03/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/03/12.md +++ b/ecc/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/03/13.md b/ecc/03/13.md index 1f7cb94819..5a4af4a817 100644 --- a/ecc/03/13.md +++ b/ecc/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # should understand how to find enjoyment "should learn how to enjoy" or "should enjoy" - diff --git a/ecc/03/14.md b/ecc/03/14.md index f458705fb8..653906d2ce 100644 --- a/ecc/03/14.md +++ b/ecc/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nothing can be added to it or taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one can add anything to or take anything away from it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/15.md b/ecc/03/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/03/15.md +++ b/ecc/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/03/16.md b/ecc/03/16.md index c8560f38f6..2363bf3351 100644 --- a/ecc/03/16.md +++ b/ecc/03/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how common wicked behavior i # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/17.md b/ecc/03/17.md index baad33f994..e2bbc46585 100644 --- a/ecc/03/17.md +++ b/ecc/03/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to righteous and wicked people. Alternate translation: "those who ar # every matter and every deed These two phrases mean basically the same thing and refer to every action that people do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/18.md b/ecc/03/18.md index a16c80ffcf..2947afcfd8 100644 --- a/ecc/03/18.md +++ b/ecc/03/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author refers to himself by his "heart" to emphasize his feelings. Alte # they are like animals Here the author says that human beings are like animals. In the next verse the author explains clearly how humans are like animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/19.md b/ecc/03/19.md index 75f7a98ac5..3ccb289b1b 100644 --- a/ecc/03/19.md +++ b/ecc/03/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # There is no advantage for mankind over the animals "Mankind is no better off than the animals" - diff --git a/ecc/03/20.md b/ecc/03/20.md index 07819a7db3..82568e71e4 100644 --- a/ecc/03/20.md +++ b/ecc/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that all people and all animals die and decay and become part of the # dust soil - diff --git a/ecc/03/21.md b/ecc/03/21.md index c36684d1a5..c12355a621 100644 --- a/ecc/03/21.md +++ b/ecc/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who knows whether the spirit ... into the earth? The author asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one truly knows what happens after people and animals die. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one knows whether the spirit ... into the earth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/22.md b/ecc/03/22.md index 757ebdabdf..5897f271bf 100644 --- a/ecc/03/22.md +++ b/ecc/03/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Ecclesiastes 3:12](../03/12.md). # Who can bring him back to see what happens after him? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one will see what happens after he dies. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one of us knows what happens to us after we die." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/03/intro.md b/ecc/03/intro.md index d657ee434f..25bd1dbdbb 100644 --- a/ecc/03/intro.md +++ b/ecc/03/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Ecclesiastes 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:1-8 and 3:15. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Parallelism -The chapter uses parallelism with the phrase, "a time to." This gives the quotation a poetic style. Their overall purpose is to show that Yahweh directs the events of the world and therefore, they have purpose. +### Parallelism + +The chapter uses parallelism with the phrase, "a time to." This gives the quotation a poetic style. Their overall purpose is to show that Yahweh directs the events of the world and therefore, they have purpose. ## Links: * __[Ecclesiastes 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/04/01.md b/ecc/04/01.md index bc9c81233f..a4e9f604f8 100644 --- a/ecc/04/01.md +++ b/ecc/04/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "tears" represent weeping. Alternate translation: "the oppressed people wer # Power was in the hand of their oppressors This means that their oppressors were powerful. Here their "hand" represents what thet possess. Alternate translation: "Their oppressors were powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/02.md b/ecc/04/02.md index 0b25737da3..21f54a4ebd 100644 --- a/ecc/04/02.md +++ b/ecc/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the living, who are still alive The word "living" is a nominal adjective that refers to people who are living. The phrase "those who are still alive" means the same thing as "the living." Alternate translation: "the people who are still alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/03.md b/ecc/04/03.md index ddba14d831..ef101a3a30 100644 --- a/ecc/04/03.md +++ b/ecc/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to those who are dead and to those who are alive. Alternate translat # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/04.md b/ecc/04/04.md index 3e146471b6..50baf888ab 100644 --- a/ecc/04/04.md +++ b/ecc/04/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ possible meanings are 1) The neighbor envies the object his neighbor made, or 2) # like chasing the wind The author speaks of everything that people do as being useless as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: "as useless as trying to control the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/05.md b/ecc/04/05.md index 23252f8094..8bfd69fea2 100644 --- a/ecc/04/05.md +++ b/ecc/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To fold the hands is a gesture of laziness and is another way of saying that the # so his food is his own flesh This speaks of a person destroying himself as if he were eating his own body. Alternate translation: "as a result, he causes his own ruin" or "and as a result, he destroys himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/06.md b/ecc/04/06.md index 81b9698cc6..44d4226c60 100644 --- a/ecc/04/06.md +++ b/ecc/04/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # that tries to shepherd the wind The author speaks of everything that people do as being useless as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: "that is as useless as trying to control the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/07.md b/ecc/04/07.md index 7b54aaab9b..2d943200c5 100644 --- a/ecc/04/07.md +++ b/ecc/04/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings for "returned" are 1) he returned to thinking. Alternate trans # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/08.md b/ecc/04/08.md index dd85b5e46f..987ff8d48a 100644 --- a/ecc/04/08.md +++ b/ecc/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the whole person is represented by his "eyes" to emphasize his desires. Alt # For whom am I toiling and depriving myself of pleasure "Will anyone benefit from me working hard and not enjoying myself" - diff --git a/ecc/04/09.md b/ecc/04/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/04/09.md +++ b/ecc/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/04/10.md b/ecc/04/10.md index 1ed103b415..56bcc1eff6 100644 --- a/ecc/04/10.md +++ b/ecc/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # woe to the one who is alone when he falls "the person who is alone when he falls is really in trouble" - diff --git a/ecc/04/11.md b/ecc/04/11.md index 7e53ceaf89..4640ea985e 100644 --- a/ecc/04/11.md +++ b/ecc/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of two people keeping each other warm on a cold night. Alterna # how can one be warm alone? This refers to a person lying down. The author use this rhetorical question to emphasize that two people can keep each other warm but one person cannot. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "a person cannot be warm when he is alone." or "a person who lies down alone cannot be warm." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/12.md b/ecc/04/12.md index cb5237285f..5eefc94a11 100644 --- a/ecc/04/12.md +++ b/ecc/04/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of three people together being stronger as if they were a three-stra # a three-strand rope is not quickly broken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people cannot easily break a rope made with three strands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/13.md b/ecc/04/13.md index 9d79b91d86..f9144640f6 100644 --- a/ecc/04/13.md +++ b/ecc/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who no longer knows how Here knowing represents willingness. Alternate translation: "who is no longer willing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/14.md b/ecc/04/14.md index 23ac0b8cca..434cf2eb2b 100644 --- a/ecc/04/14.md +++ b/ecc/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he was born poor in his kingdom This means that he had poor parents. Alternate translation: "he was born to poor parents who lived in the land that he will someday rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/15.md b/ecc/04/15.md index 15d78f1864..efd6f35651 100644 --- a/ecc/04/15.md +++ b/ecc/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "alive" and "walking around" mean basically the same thing and are com # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/16.md b/ecc/04/16.md index ee1e388a30..d715a6c84c 100644 --- a/ecc/04/16.md +++ b/ecc/04/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an exaggeration used to emphasize a large number of people. Alternate tr # like chasing the wind The author speaks of everything that people do as being useless as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: "are as useless as trying to control the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/04/intro.md b/ecc/04/intro.md index 05a2e629fc..0daea8bf3c 100644 --- a/ecc/04/intro.md +++ b/ecc/04/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ecclesiastes 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 4:1-3, 4:5-6, and 4:8-12. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Irony -#### Irony The teacher looks at the oppression in the world and is saddened by it, but he is the king and has the power to change things. He also laments being alone even though he has many wives, children, and concubines. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The teacher looks at the oppression in the world and is saddened by it, but he i * __[Ecclesiastes 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/05/01.md b/ecc/05/01.md index 01d533becd..0a802f18cf 100644 --- a/ecc/05/01.md +++ b/ecc/05/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Guard your steps Here "steps" are a metonym for a person's conduct. Alternate translation: "Be careful how you conduct yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/02.md b/ecc/05/02.md index a39684ce0a..44238ad9f5 100644 --- a/ecc/05/02.md +++ b/ecc/05/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here a person is represented by his "heart" to emphasize his emotions and desire # let your words be few "do not say too much" - diff --git a/ecc/05/03.md b/ecc/05/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/05/03.md +++ b/ecc/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/05/04.md b/ecc/05/04.md index 3b114038a8..95baba726d 100644 --- a/ecc/05/04.md +++ b/ecc/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not delay to do it, for God has no pleasure in fools It is implied that it is foolish to delay in fulfilling a vow that you have made to God. Alternate translation: "do not foolishly delay in doing it, because God is not pleased with foolish people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/05.md b/ecc/05/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/05/05.md +++ b/ecc/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/05/06.md b/ecc/05/06.md index b2a8d7a4a6..f38f134c39 100644 --- a/ecc/05/06.md +++ b/ecc/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that it is foolish to make # destroy the work of your hands Here a person is represented by his "hands." Alternate translation: "destroy everything you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/07.md b/ecc/05/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/05/07.md +++ b/ecc/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/05/08.md b/ecc/05/08.md index eca500e32c..ff035c521c 100644 --- a/ecc/05/08.md +++ b/ecc/05/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The words "just" and "right" mean basically the same thing and refer to the kind # even higher ones over them There are other men who rule over the men in authority. Alternate translation: "men who have even more authority than they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/09.md b/ecc/05/09.md index 84a560ed2a..ced55d551e 100644 --- a/ecc/05/09.md +++ b/ecc/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the produce of the land ... produce from the fields The word "produce" may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "the food that the land produces ... crops from the fields" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/10.md b/ecc/05/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/05/10.md +++ b/ecc/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/05/11.md b/ecc/05/11.md index 85232045a4..980aee16cb 100644 --- a/ecc/05/11.md +++ b/ecc/05/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of people spending wealth as if they were "eating" it. Alternate tra # What advantage in wealth is there to the owner except to watch it with his eyes? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that the wealthy do not benefit from their wealth. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "The only benefit that the owner has from wealth is that he can look at it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/12.md b/ecc/05/12.md index 4c967bcdf8..ab0d6ad052 100644 --- a/ecc/05/12.md +++ b/ecc/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of a person's sleep being fulfilling and peaceful as if it were swee # but the wealth of a rich person does not allow him to sleep well "but the wealth of a rich person keeps him awake at night." This speaks of a rich person not being able to sleep because he is worried about his money as if his money were a person that would not allow him to sleep. Alternate translation: "but rich people do not sleep well because they worry about their money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/13.md b/ecc/05/13.md index d62869a1be..c348fd5a35 100644 --- a/ecc/05/13.md +++ b/ecc/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ec # riches hoarded by the owner This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "an owner hoards riches" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/14.md b/ecc/05/14.md index 1a4cc5eba9..f2616077a6 100644 --- a/ecc/05/14.md +++ b/ecc/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "through misfortune" or 2) "through a bad business deal # his own son, one whom he has fathered, is left with nothing in his hands Here the phrase "in his hands" represents ownership. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he leaves no possession for his own son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/15.md b/ecc/05/15.md index ef1843bf6f..9c605cd937 100644 --- a/ecc/05/15.md +++ b/ecc/05/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to dying. Alternate translation: "he will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # He can take none of the fruits of his labor in his hand Here a man's possessions are spoken of as if they are fruit that he grew with his labor. Alternate translation: "He can not take any of his possessions with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/16.md b/ecc/05/16.md index c1f416fec2..47e03b5cd3 100644 --- a/ecc/05/16.md +++ b/ecc/05/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no benefit i # labors for the wind Possible meanings are 1) This speaks of the person receiving no lasting profit as if he were trying to control the wind. Alternate translation: "tries to shepherd the wind" or "work that is as useless as trying to shepherd the wind" or 2) This implies that the person only receives the air that he breaths as his profit. Alternate translation: "labors to receive the air he breathes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/17.md b/ecc/05/17.md index 4f41bb64d4..c4aefef7fc 100644 --- a/ecc/05/17.md +++ b/ecc/05/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here a person's "days" represent his life. Alternate translation: "his life" (Se # is greatly distressed with sickness and anger The words "sickness" and "anger" can be expressed as adjectives. Alternate translation: "suffers greatly, being sick and angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ecc/05/18.md b/ecc/05/18.md index e14f5b1079..4c85547c93 100644 --- a/ecc/05/18.md +++ b/ecc/05/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "as long as God allows him to live" (Se # For this is man's assignment Possible meanings are 1) "For this is man's reward" or 2) "For these are the things that he allows man to do" - diff --git a/ecc/05/19.md b/ecc/05/19.md index 0879390031..efa23d8b3e 100644 --- a/ecc/05/19.md +++ b/ecc/05/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing. They refer to money and the thing # to receive his share "to accept what he is given" - diff --git a/ecc/05/20.md b/ecc/05/20.md index 8dbb953b53..6817b3cdf3 100644 --- a/ecc/05/20.md +++ b/ecc/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the things that happened during his lifetime. This can be stated # keep busy "stay busy" - diff --git a/ecc/05/intro.md b/ecc/05/intro.md index a09a3e91e8..cb320d9c3e 100644 --- a/ecc/05/intro.md +++ b/ecc/05/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Ecclesiastes 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 5:2-3, and 5:10-17. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Materialism -The author describes the pointlessness of pursuing material things. This is known as "materialism." Those who pursue after things will always want more. At the end of their life, they will not be able to use these things. +### Materialism + +The author describes the pointlessness of pursuing material things. This is known as "materialism." Those who pursue after things will always want more. At the end of their life, they will not be able to use these things. ## Links: * __[Ecclesiastes 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/06/01.md b/ecc/06/01.md index 39aef7fda4..bbd9123a14 100644 --- a/ecc/06/01.md +++ b/ecc/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it weighs heavy on men Here evil is spoken of as something that is a heavy load to carry. Alternate translation: "it causes hardship for people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/06/02.md b/ecc/06/02.md index 9ea2ee6172..a14329b55b 100644 --- a/ecc/06/02.md +++ b/ecc/06/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a double negative. Alternate translation: "he has everything" (See: [[rc # God gives him no ability "God does not give him the ability" - diff --git a/ecc/06/03.md b/ecc/06/03.md index f3b724ab43..de425b483f 100644 --- a/ecc/06/03.md +++ b/ecc/06/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to a man by his "heart" to emphasize his feelings. Alternate transla # he is not buried This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "no one buries him at all" or 2) he receives no honor, "no one buries him properly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] or [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/06/04.md b/ecc/06/04.md index 2f4d2fb0bc..d057ff3198 100644 --- a/ecc/06/04.md +++ b/ecc/06/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the death of the baby being as unexplainable as "darkness." Alter # its name is covered in darkness This speaks of no one knowing the baby's name as if it were a hidden object. Alternate translation: "no one knows its name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/06/05.md b/ecc/06/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/06/05.md +++ b/ecc/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/06/06.md b/ecc/06/06.md index 18cacbbbfc..835ae42516 100644 --- a/ecc/06/06.md +++ b/ecc/06/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This exaggerates the great number of years a man might live to show that it does # he goes to the same place as everyone else This means that he dies like all other people. Alternate translation: "he dies and go to the same place as everyone else" or "he goes to the grave just like everyone else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/06/07.md b/ecc/06/07.md index 6699b3a28d..f71f72eb55 100644 --- a/ecc/06/07.md +++ b/ecc/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here putting food in a man's mouth represents feeding him. Alternate translation # his appetite is not satisfied This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he does not satisfy his appetite" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/06/08.md b/ecc/06/08.md index b0695d8afb..7184251015 100644 --- a/ecc/06/08.md +++ b/ecc/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that a poor man does not h # how to act "how to conduct himself" - diff --git a/ecc/06/09.md b/ecc/06/09.md index eadbef5584..59282248f2 100644 --- a/ecc/06/09.md +++ b/ecc/06/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Both phrases are metaphors that emphasize the idea of things being useless and f # chasing the wind The author speaks of everything that people do as being useless, as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: "as useless as trying to control the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/06/10.md b/ecc/06/10.md index a3097ae278..43206fdbf3 100644 --- a/ecc/06/10.md +++ b/ecc/06/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people already know w # the one who is stronger than he is "God, who is the stronger than he is" - diff --git a/ecc/06/11.md b/ecc/06/11.md index dbec81f1de..82b5c555a7 100644 --- a/ecc/06/11.md +++ b/ecc/06/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The more a person speaks, the more likely he will speak about meaningless things # What advantage is that to a man? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no advantage for a man to talk a lot. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "That is no advantage to a man." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/06/12.md b/ecc/06/12.md index 030408ba4f..8e27169e37 100644 --- a/ecc/06/12.md +++ b/ecc/06/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated "under the # after he is gone This is a polite expression for death. Alternate translation: "after he dies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/ecc/06/intro.md b/ecc/06/intro.md index e0e7fa46d7..fdb2026f32 100644 --- a/ecc/06/intro.md +++ b/ecc/06/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ecclesiastes 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 6:7-11. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Satisfaction -#### Satisfaction While a person may be given a great many things, they are worthless and provide no sense of satisfaction or peace. It is assumed that only Yahweh can provide these things to man. Solomon is depressed that he had everything he could have ever wanted in life, but they were not enough to give him satisfaction or peace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ While a person may be given a great many things, they are worthless and provide * __[Ecclesiastes 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/07/01.md b/ecc/07/01.md index a243ba6f3b..0d4f923914 100644 --- a/ecc/07/01.md +++ b/ecc/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A good name Here a person's "name" is used to represent their reputation. Alternate translation: "A good reputation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/02.md b/ecc/07/02.md index e326786e39..6c1ef63f82 100644 --- a/ecc/07/02.md +++ b/ecc/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must take this to heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "must think seriously about this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/03.md b/ecc/07/03.md index b448ad7253..22616beeda 100644 --- a/ecc/07/03.md +++ b/ecc/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to being sad. Alternate translation: "an experience that makes a per # gladness of heart Here the word "heart" refers to a person's thoughts and emotions. "Gladness" describes either 1) the state of the emotions of being happy and peaceful or 2) the ability to understand the truth. Alternate translation: "right thinking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/04.md b/ecc/07/04.md index 686ea5be25..5a3627d808 100644 --- a/ecc/07/04.md +++ b/ecc/07/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here foolish people are referred to by their "hearts." This speaks of foolish pe # the house of mourning ... the house of feasting These phrases refer to what happens in these places. - diff --git a/ecc/07/05.md b/ecc/07/05.md index 8744a8d156..1508901a2f 100644 --- a/ecc/07/05.md +++ b/ecc/07/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "rebuke" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "when wise # to listen to the song of fools "to listen to fools sing" - diff --git a/ecc/07/06.md b/ecc/07/06.md index 842220e789..6f69a99430 100644 --- a/ecc/07/06.md +++ b/ecc/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For like the crackling of thorns burning under a pot, so also is the laughter of fools This speaks of how listening to fools talk and laugh will teach you nothing, as if their speech and laughter were the sound of burning thorns. Alternate translation: "For listening to the laughter of fools will not teach a man any more than if he were listening to the crackling of thorns burning under a pot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/07.md b/ecc/07/07.md index 68dbc4f6c3..73fecdbfea 100644 --- a/ecc/07/07.md +++ b/ecc/07/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "turns the wise man into a foolish man" or 2) "makes th # corrupts the heart Here the word "heart" refers to the mind. Alternate translation: "ruins a person's ability to think and judge rightly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/08.md b/ecc/07/08.md index d131c854b2..ac3a859022 100644 --- a/ecc/07/08.md +++ b/ecc/07/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people patient in spirit are better than the proud in spirit Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude. Alternate translation: "patient people are better than proud people" or "a patient attitude is better than a prideful attitude" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/09.md b/ecc/07/09.md index d3f2ddc79e..f396f24962 100644 --- a/ecc/07/09.md +++ b/ecc/07/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude. Alternate translation: "Do # anger resides in the hearts of fools This speaks of a person being full of anger as if the anger lived inside him. This speaks of the anger being in the person's heart because the "heart" is thought to be the source of a person's emotions. Alternate translation: "foolish people are full of anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/10.md b/ecc/07/10.md index 93fde4862e..b0798ff8bd 100644 --- a/ecc/07/10.md +++ b/ecc/07/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person asks this rhetorical question in order to complain about the present # it is not because of wisdom that you ask this question Here the author uses irony to rebuke the person's question. Alternate translation: "if you were wise you would not ask this question" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/11.md b/ecc/07/11.md index 013897ff3b..e0e13db1f1 100644 --- a/ecc/07/11.md +++ b/ecc/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who see the sun This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "those who are alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/12.md b/ecc/07/12.md index a1040e0244..daf9364749 100644 --- a/ecc/07/12.md +++ b/ecc/07/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that the writer uses the words "knowledge" and "wisdom" # gives life to whoever has it This speaks of how wisdom helps to preserve a person's life as if it gave life to that person. When a person is wise he makes good decisions that help him to live a more prosperous and longer life. Alternate translation: "preserves a person's life" or "helps a person to make good decisions and to live a longer life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/13.md b/ecc/07/13.md index 539dab50b2..92d82534cc 100644 --- a/ecc/07/13.md +++ b/ecc/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who can straighten out anything he has made crooked? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one can change something that God has done. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can straighten out anything he has made crooked." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/14.md b/ecc/07/14.md index 93a64e3bec..0511a28003 100644 --- a/ecc/07/14.md +++ b/ecc/07/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "side by side" is an idiom that means "this one" and "this one." Alte # anything that is coming after him Possible meanings are 1) "anything that happens in the future" or 2) "anything that happens to him after he dies." - diff --git a/ecc/07/15.md b/ecc/07/15.md index 3e083e99d2..82956e7090 100644 --- a/ecc/07/15.md +++ b/ecc/07/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrases "righteous person" and "wicked person" refer to any righteous or wic # in spite of his evil deeds "even though he is evil" - diff --git a/ecc/07/16.md b/ecc/07/16.md index c602c8038a..30ebe75340 100644 --- a/ecc/07/16.md +++ b/ecc/07/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate # Why should you destroy yourself? The writer uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that being self-righteous destroys a person. Alternate translation: "There is no reason to destroy yourself." or "If you think this way you will destroy yourself." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/17.md b/ecc/07/17.md index c704fe4243..3a5db31328 100644 --- a/ecc/07/17.md +++ b/ecc/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why should you die before your time? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no reason for people to do things that will cause them to die early. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "There is no reason for you to die sooner than you should." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/18.md b/ecc/07/18.md index 77717a1040..82e651ec1d 100644 --- a/ecc/07/18.md +++ b/ecc/07/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of striving to be righteous as if "righteousness" were an object tha # will meet all his obligations "will do everything that God expects of him" - diff --git a/ecc/07/19.md b/ecc/07/19.md index 9d76ba898f..4b90073ae8 100644 --- a/ecc/07/19.md +++ b/ecc/07/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Wisdom is powerful in the wise man, more than ten rulers in a city "Wisdom makes a man powerful; it makes him more powerful than ten rulers in a city" - diff --git a/ecc/07/20.md b/ecc/07/20.md index e0def45da4..6b8f1fc4c1 100644 --- a/ecc/07/20.md +++ b/ecc/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # does good and never sins "does good things and does not sin" - diff --git a/ecc/07/21.md b/ecc/07/21.md index e25e3a50bd..dc19973a8f 100644 --- a/ecc/07/21.md +++ b/ecc/07/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # every word that is spoken This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "everything that people say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/22.md b/ecc/07/22.md index e2d8f4ec33..7d472929c6 100644 --- a/ecc/07/22.md +++ b/ecc/07/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your heart knows The heart here is a metonym for the ability to think. "you certainly know."(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/23.md b/ecc/07/23.md index 3b3be32497..8295e0749c 100644 --- a/ecc/07/23.md +++ b/ecc/07/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ here the word "this" refers to all of the things the author has written about. A # it was more than I could be "it was beyond my ability to understand" or "but I was not able to do it" - diff --git a/ecc/07/24.md b/ecc/07/24.md index 07f0c6d818..6bfffc274c 100644 --- a/ecc/07/24.md +++ b/ecc/07/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of wisdom being difficult to understand as if it were something loca # Who can find it? The writer uses this rhetorical question to emphasize the difficulty in understanding wisdom. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can understand it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/25.md b/ecc/07/25.md index 3546cf24fe..7ee8804f8d 100644 --- a/ecc/07/25.md +++ b/ecc/07/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" refers to the mind. Also, here the word "turned" is an idi # the explanations of reality "the reason for things." This word "explanations" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "how to explain various things in life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/26.md b/ecc/07/26.md index c5f1714b7b..a98c013f32 100644 --- a/ecc/07/26.md +++ b/ecc/07/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hands" refers to her power and control. This speaks of her being # the sinner will be caught by her This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "she will capture the sinner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/27.md b/ecc/07/27.md index ce6364c37e..086e492255 100644 --- a/ecc/07/27.md +++ b/ecc/07/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "discovery" can be expressed as a verb. The word "adding" here is used # in order to find an explanation of reality This word "explanation" can be expressed as a verb. See how the phrase "explanations of reality" is translated in [Ecclesiastes 7:25](../07/25.md). Alternate translation: "in order to be able to explain things in life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/28.md b/ecc/07/28.md index d7c7755ce2..5be9a541eb 100644 --- a/ecc/07/28.md +++ b/ecc/07/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a woman among all those There were no righteous women found in a group of 1,000 people. - diff --git a/ecc/07/29.md b/ecc/07/29.md index f3f1640ac7..42e73fa218 100644 --- a/ecc/07/29.md +++ b/ecc/07/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "they have made many sinful plans" or 2) "they have mad # they have gone away Here the word "they" refers to "humanity." This speaks of humanity changing from being upright to not being upright as if they were going from one place to another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/07/intro.md b/ecc/07/intro.md index 72f1676170..ca837440ee 100644 --- a/ecc/07/intro.md +++ b/ecc/07/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Ecclesiastes 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 7:1-26. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Advice -This chapter gives a series of disconnected pieces of advice. Translators should not try to smooth the transitions between these pieces of advice. The advice in these statements do not apply in every situation. Therefore, they should be seen as "good ideas." +### Advice + +This chapter gives a series of disconnected pieces of advice. Translators should not try to smooth the transitions between these pieces of advice. The advice in these statements do not apply in every situation. Therefore, they should be seen as "good ideas." ## Links: * __[Ecclesiastes 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/08/01.md b/ecc/08/01.md index 0aacecc099..9c0ec06630 100644 --- a/ecc/08/01.md +++ b/ecc/08/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "his harsh appearance" (See: [[rc://en/ # is changed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "changes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/02.md b/ecc/08/02.md index 1ed199a734..87daabf2f1 100644 --- a/ecc/08/02.md +++ b/ecc/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God's oath to protect him "the oath you made before God to protect him" - diff --git a/ecc/08/03.md b/ecc/08/03.md index 578814ba9d..a3261e2a3c 100644 --- a/ecc/08/03.md +++ b/ecc/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not hurry out of his presence Possible meanings are 1) not to be hasty to physically leave the king's presence or 2) This is a metaphor that speaks of being loyal to the king as being in his presence. Alternate translation: "Do not abandon the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/04.md b/ecc/08/04.md index 91a0348013..1becc8a167 100644 --- a/ecc/08/04.md +++ b/ecc/08/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question emphasizes that no one will ask the king the following # What are you doing? This rhetorical question is a rebuke. This question can be written as as statement. Alternate translation: "You should not be doing what you are doing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/05.md b/ecc/08/05.md index ad8f7ea14d..74a6bed07b 100644 --- a/ecc/08/05.md +++ b/ecc/08/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here a man is represented by his "heart" to emphasize his thoughts. Alternate tr # the proper course and time of action "the correct time to do things and the right way to do them" - diff --git a/ecc/08/06.md b/ecc/08/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/08/06.md +++ b/ecc/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/08/07.md b/ecc/08/07.md index 952f8d76d7..8da2d692bc 100644 --- a/ecc/08/07.md +++ b/ecc/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who can tell him what is coming? This rhetorical question emphasizes that no one knows what will happen in the future. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can tell him what is coming." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/08.md b/ecc/08/08.md index 62858b004e..1099c74ad6 100644 --- a/ecc/08/08.md +++ b/ecc/08/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "No army discharge # wickedness will not rescue those who are its slaves This speaks of wickedness as if it were a master who had slaves. Alternate translation: "evil people will not be saved by doing what is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/09.md b/ecc/08/09.md index 3e7d793545..57b0dc5740 100644 --- a/ecc/08/09.md +++ b/ecc/08/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ec # There is a time when a person exercises authority over another person to that person's hurt Sometimes one person will oppress another and cause that second person to be hurt. - diff --git a/ecc/08/10.md b/ecc/08/10.md index 1a934a8e1a..7cf0b179b6 100644 --- a/ecc/08/10.md +++ b/ecc/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Evil people that died were given honorable bu # They were taken from the holy area and buried and were praised by people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People took them from the holy area and buried them and praised them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/11.md b/ecc/08/11.md index 30ec29cd59..ab51e1b5ce 100644 --- a/ecc/08/11.md +++ b/ecc/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When people in author # entices the hearts of human beings Here people are represented by their "hearts" to emphasize their will and desires. Alternate translation: "entices human beings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/12.md b/ecc/08/12.md index 01f353b880..9fe06aa5fe 100644 --- a/ecc/08/12.md +++ b/ecc/08/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "it will be better" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "life will be # who respect God ... who stand before him and show him respect These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize people respecting God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/13.md b/ecc/08/13.md index aa0c782d21..6bafd339dd 100644 --- a/ecc/08/13.md +++ b/ecc/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of how the wicked man's life passes quickly by saying that it is lik # His days are "His life is" - diff --git a/ecc/08/14.md b/ecc/08/14.md index 3b65c7d4a9..ddcd0e6ac4 100644 --- a/ecc/08/14.md +++ b/ecc/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # something else meaningless that is done on the earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "another meaningless thing that people do on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/15.md b/ecc/08/15.md index f8bccec01a..79065c7821 100644 --- a/ecc/08/15.md +++ b/ecc/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ec # for all the days of his life that God has given him This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "for as long as God allows him to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/16.md b/ecc/08/16.md index 2b9a856fa0..a54eed09a9 100644 --- a/ecc/08/16.md +++ b/ecc/08/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the work that people # without sleep for the eyes Here a person is represented by his "eyes." Alternate translation: "without sleeping" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/17.md b/ecc/08/17.md index e0fd0df4e9..46f716db7c 100644 --- a/ecc/08/17.md +++ b/ecc/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the work that God does under the sun" or 2) "the work # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/08/intro.md b/ecc/08/intro.md index 380f476e6e..c11aa3b614 100644 --- a/ecc/08/intro.md +++ b/ecc/08/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ecclesiastes 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 8:1 and 8:5-8. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Wisdom -#### Wisdom Solomon, known for his wisdom, gives a detailed description of wisdom. True wisdom is seeking to honor God. This is the only thing that lasts. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Solomon, known for his wisdom, gives a detailed description of wisdom. True wisd * __[Ecclesiastes 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/09/01.md b/ecc/09/01.md index 093ff8c1e1..0032b88700 100644 --- a/ecc/09/01.md +++ b/ecc/09/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "hand" refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: "unde # whether love or hate awaits him This speaks of "love" and "hate" as if they are people that may come to visit someone else. Alternate translation: "whether he will experience love or hate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/02.md b/ecc/09/02.md index aebb40bb52..1e8190142c 100644 --- a/ecc/09/02.md +++ b/ecc/09/02.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ It is understood that this refers to people dying. Alternate translation: "the s # the one who swears ... so also will the man who fears to make an oath This refers to all people, emphasizing the two opposites of those who swear oaths and those who do not.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/03.md b/ecc/09/03.md index 2be98602f3..47d5d1c35d 100644 --- a/ecc/09/03.md +++ b/ecc/09/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "hearts" refers to the thoughts and emotions. Alternate translatio # they go to the dead The phrase "the dead" refers to dead people. Here dead people represent the place where people go after they die. Alternate translation: "they go to the place where dead people are" or "they die and go to the grave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/04.md b/ecc/09/04.md index 6beac76d29..8cfb827cb9 100644 --- a/ecc/09/04.md +++ b/ecc/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to people who are alive. Alternate translation: "who are alive" (See # even a live dog is better than a dead lion A dog was considered a lowly animal while a lion was considered a noble animal. This speaks of it being better to be lowly and alive than to be considered noble and dead. Alternate translation: "As lowly as a dog is, it is better to be a dog and to be alive than to be noble like a lion and to be dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/05.md b/ecc/09/05.md index f1b1a0af21..fb859beab1 100644 --- a/ecc/09/05.md +++ b/ecc/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to people who are dead. Alternate translation: "those who are dead" # their memory is forgotten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will forget them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/06.md b/ecc/09/06.md index 0935d59d25..e8b2bb26ec 100644 --- a/ecc/09/06.md +++ b/ecc/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "anything that people # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/07.md b/ecc/09/07.md index d1bf02fb93..7f8fc57115 100644 --- a/ecc/09/07.md +++ b/ecc/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "your food" (See: [[rc:// # drink your wine with a happy heart Here the word "heart" refers to the emotions. Alternate translation: "drink your wine joyfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/08.md b/ecc/09/08.md index c7e5793514..6f17603cfd 100644 --- a/ecc/09/08.md +++ b/ecc/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Wearing white clothes and anointing one's head with oil were both signs of gladn # your head anointed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "anoint your head with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/09.md b/ecc/09/09.md index 1b91f4a545..baa04ee72f 100644 --- a/ecc/09/09.md +++ b/ecc/09/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ec # this is your reward The word "that" refers to living happily with his wife. - diff --git a/ecc/09/10.md b/ecc/09/10.md index 491a7198a3..2acd059bed 100644 --- a/ecc/09/10.md +++ b/ecc/09/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here a person is represented by his "hand" since a person often uses his hands t # there is no work or explanation or knowledge or wisdom The nouns "work, "explanation," and "knowledge" can be expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: "the dead do not work or explain or know or have wisdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/11.md b/ecc/09/11.md index 67711f5025..03083b5573 100644 --- a/ecc/09/11.md +++ b/ecc/09/11.md @@ -7,11 +7,9 @@ This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ec "the race is not always won by the swift, nor is the battle always won by the strong" # the swift ... the strong ... the wise ... the intelligent -These words are used to describe persons with those qualities. Alternate translation: "the quickest person ... the strongest person ... the wisest person ... the mose intelligent person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) + +These words are used to describe persons with those qualities. Alternate translation: "the quickest person ... the strongest person ... the wisest person ... the mose intelligent person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) # but time and chance happen to them all This is an idiom. It means that all people experience things that they do not expect, are out of their control, and may not seem fair or right. Alternate translation: "but at certain times, unexpected things happen to them all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - - - diff --git a/ecc/09/12.md b/ecc/09/12.md index 3216eff67d..6cc600ab82 100644 --- a/ecc/09/12.md +++ b/ecc/09/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Also, this speaks of people experiencing disa # that suddenly fall upon them This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "at times when they do not expect them to happen" or "that suddenly happen to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/13.md b/ecc/09/13.md index e751cda803..a1c5ee8024 100644 --- a/ecc/09/13.md +++ b/ecc/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/14.md b/ecc/09/14.md index cb9565c267..8fd749cbfd 100644 --- a/ecc/09/14.md +++ b/ecc/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "king" represents himself and his whole army. Alternate translation: "a # great siege ramps This refers to dirt ramps the army built up against the city walk so that they could climb up and attack the city. - diff --git a/ecc/09/15.md b/ecc/09/15.md index 8232650a1e..31affcabfb 100644 --- a/ecc/09/15.md +++ b/ecc/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the city was found a poor, wise man This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "in the city, people found a poor, wise man" or "a poor, wise man lived in the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/16.md b/ecc/09/16.md index d0ed893832..d85c266ff5 100644 --- a/ecc/09/16.md +++ b/ecc/09/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people despise the po # his words are not heard this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they do not listen to what he says" or "they do not take his advice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/17.md b/ecc/09/17.md index 9f4e48004a..2b69c47e3f 100644 --- a/ecc/09/17.md +++ b/ecc/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The words of wise people spoken quietly are heard better Here "heard" represents understanding. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It is easier to understands the words that wise people speak quietly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/09/18.md b/ecc/09/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ecc/09/18.md +++ b/ecc/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ecc/09/intro.md b/ecc/09/intro.md index 95f96f2f0e..d23df88c96 100644 --- a/ecc/09/intro.md +++ b/ecc/09/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ecclesiastes 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 9:2, 5-6, and 11-12. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Judgment -#### Judgment This chapter explains that there is one thing that awaits all people: judgment. When people die, they will all face Yahweh's judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter explains that there is one thing that awaits all people: judgment. * __[Ecclesiastes 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/10/01.md b/ecc/10/01.md index 8ae5d1acbb..780ae82f32 100644 --- a/ecc/10/01.md +++ b/ecc/10/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Just as flies can ruin perfume, so folly can ruin a person's reputation for wisd # a little folly can outweigh wisdom and honor This speaks of how a person acting foolishly can ruin his reputation as if his folly could weigh more than his wisdom and honor. Alternate translation: "committing a little folly can ruin a person's wisdom and honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/02.md b/ecc/10/02.md index 82eb07cd9b..7f163bc230 100644 --- a/ecc/10/02.md +++ b/ecc/10/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" refers to the mind or will. Alternate translation: "The wa # tends to the right ... tends to the left Here the words "right" and "left" refer to what is right and wrong. Alternate translation: "tends to doing what is right ... tends to doing what is wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/03.md b/ecc/10/03.md index 1d8592f10a..9d7445ef70 100644 --- a/ecc/10/03.md +++ b/ecc/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his thinking is deficient This refers to the way that he acts. Alternate translation: "he is stupid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/04.md b/ecc/10/04.md index 3d09baa33e..5b1941ab83 100644 --- a/ecc/10/04.md +++ b/ecc/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here a ruler is represented by his "emotions" Alternate translation: "If a ruler # Calm can quiet down great outrage "By remaining calm you may cause an outraged person to become quiet." Many modern translations read, "Calm can undo great offenses" - diff --git a/ecc/10/05.md b/ecc/10/05.md index e751cda803..a1c5ee8024 100644 --- a/ecc/10/05.md +++ b/ecc/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/06.md b/ecc/10/06.md index a06242e0ed..5fbdd6d7fa 100644 --- a/ecc/10/06.md +++ b/ecc/10/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If your language has a word for people who are wealthy because they are wise, yo # low positions This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "unimportant positions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/07.md b/ecc/10/07.md index 5553c893ed..f37bbe3f46 100644 --- a/ecc/10/07.md +++ b/ecc/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Slaves were usually forced to walk and were not permitted to ride. (See: [[rc:// # walking on the ground If the words "on the ground" here would cause confusion, since on the ground is where most people walk, you can omit them. - diff --git a/ecc/10/08.md b/ecc/10/08.md index c798041a5a..9d6d95ce23 100644 --- a/ecc/10/08.md +++ b/ecc/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "a snake may bite # a snake This refers to a snake that was hiding inside the wall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/09.md b/ecc/10/09.md index 75f292fd73..294ce899ef 100644 --- a/ecc/10/09.md +++ b/ecc/10/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those stones can hurt # is endangered by it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the wood may injure him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/10.md b/ecc/10/10.md index 234e1c27a6..8fb903b517 100644 --- a/ecc/10/10.md +++ b/ecc/10/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wisdom provides an advantage for success A wise person would have sharpened his blade and would not have had to work so hard. - diff --git a/ecc/10/11.md b/ecc/10/11.md index 4fd1063e02..1b6759ebe0 100644 --- a/ecc/10/11.md +++ b/ecc/10/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before it is charmed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "before the snake charmer charms it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/12.md b/ecc/10/12.md index 5c28e372e8..f055e6512f 100644 --- a/ecc/10/12.md +++ b/ecc/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the wise man's speech is represented by his "mouth." Alternate translation: # the lips of a fool consume him Here the fool's speech is represented by his "lips." This speaks of the fool destroying himself by his speech as if it were eating him. Alternate translation: "The things that a foolish man says destroy him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/13.md b/ecc/10/13.md index 094794d245..993bf7c665 100644 --- a/ecc/10/13.md +++ b/ecc/10/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A fool's speech is represented by his "mouth." Alternate translation: "As a fool # at the end his mouth flows with wicked madness A fool's speech is represented by his "mouth." Alternate translation: "as he finishes talking, he speaks wicked madness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/14.md b/ecc/10/14.md index 9b6065858b..4d5ae04d5d 100644 --- a/ecc/10/14.md +++ b/ecc/10/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "keeps on talking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # Who knows what is coming after him? The writer asks this question to emphasize that no one knows what will happen in the future after one's death. This question can be written as as statement. Alternate translation: "No one knows what is coming after him." or "No one knows what will happen after he dies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/15.md b/ecc/10/15.md index 179d16c41c..acb6114aa0 100644 --- a/ecc/10/15.md +++ b/ecc/10/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Fools become weary by # so that they do not even know the road to town Possible meanings are 1) "so much that he is unable to find the road to town." That the foolish person becomes so tired from working too hard that he is unable to find his way anywhere, or 2) "because he does not even know the way to town." That the foolish person becomes tired from working too hard because he does not know enough to go home. - diff --git a/ecc/10/16.md b/ecc/10/16.md index 2f5fe65ee5..a59d3d92a3 100644 --- a/ecc/10/16.md +++ b/ecc/10/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the king is inexperienced or immature. # begin feasting in the morning This implies that the leaders are more concerned with having a good time than with leading the nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/17.md b/ecc/10/17.md index 9aa2ba6812..ff0a9d60ad 100644 --- a/ecc/10/17.md +++ b/ecc/10/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This implies that the son has been trained by his elders in the customs of being # for strength, and not for drunkenness This explains why the blessed leaders eat. - diff --git a/ecc/10/18.md b/ecc/10/18.md index 3c1850846c..0fb2e25247 100644 --- a/ecc/10/18.md +++ b/ecc/10/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here a person is represented by his "hands" Alternate translation: "because of a # the house leaks Here the roof is represented by the whole house. Alternate translation: "the roof leaks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/19.md b/ecc/10/19.md index 8e1efdf58b..ae192beada 100644 --- a/ecc/10/19.md +++ b/ecc/10/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "enjoyment" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "wine he # money fills the need for everything Possible meanings are 1) "money provides for every need" or 2) "money provides for both food and wine" - diff --git a/ecc/10/20.md b/ecc/10/20.md index 0e55f9fb55..2d6da00590 100644 --- a/ecc/10/20.md +++ b/ecc/10/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person's thoughts are represented by the person's "mind." Alternate translatio # For a bird of the sky ... can spread the matter These two lines mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. This speaks of people finding out what you have said as if a small bird would hear what you say and tell other people. Alternate translation: "For a bird may hear what you say and tell the matter to other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/10/intro.md b/ecc/10/intro.md index dbb3386ae8..5c934decbc 100644 --- a/ecc/10/intro.md +++ b/ecc/10/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ecclesiastes 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in all of chapter 10. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Advice -#### Advice This chapter gives a series of disconnected pieces of advice. Translators should not try to smooth the transitions between these pieces of advice. The advice in these statements do not apply in every situation. Therefore, they should be seen as "good ideas." ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter gives a series of disconnected pieces of advice. Translators should * __[Ecclesiastes 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/11/01.md b/ecc/11/01.md index e5a7a52e3b..07e83220e5 100644 --- a/ecc/11/01.md +++ b/ecc/11/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Send out your bread on the waters, for you will find it again after many days Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor that means a person should be generous with his possessions and will then receive generously from others , or 2) that a person should invest his resources overseas and will make a profit from it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/11/02.md b/ecc/11/02.md index 35edcc5134..5982344502 100644 --- a/ecc/11/02.md +++ b/ecc/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) to share your possessions with many people, or 2) to in # what disasters are coming on the earth Disasters happening is spoken of as if disasters were something that come to a place. Here "on the earth" may imply that these disasters happen to the person who is commanded to share. Alternate translation: "what disasters may happen in the world" or "what bad things may happen to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/11/03.md b/ecc/11/03.md index 8d90bd3b96..4b6587c23e 100644 --- a/ecc/11/03.md +++ b/ecc/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # toward the south or toward the north Here "south" and "north" represent any direction. Alternate translation: "in any direction" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/ecc/11/04.md b/ecc/11/04.md index fd1bfb49b6..b880f9994b 100644 --- a/ecc/11/04.md +++ b/ecc/11/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # He who watches the wind might not plant Possible meanings are 1) "Any farmer who pays attention to the wind will not plant when the wind is blowing in the wrong direction" or 2) "Any farmer who pays too much attention to the wind will never plant" @@ -6,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Any farmer who pays attention to the wind will not pla # he who watches the clouds might not harvest Possible meanings are 1) "any farmer who pays attention to the clouds will not harvest when it is about to rain" or 2) "any farmer who pays too much attention to the clouds will never harvest" - diff --git a/ecc/11/05.md b/ecc/11/05.md index 2e91cc7391..31e19d09d7 100644 --- a/ecc/11/05.md +++ b/ecc/11/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of wind blowing as if wind traveled on a path. Alternate translation # how a baby's bones grow Possible meanings are 1) Here "bones" is a synecdoche representing the baby as a whole. Alternate translation: "how a baby grows" or 2) literally, "how the bones of a baby grow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/11/06.md b/ecc/11/06.md index 45a6a8b06c..14725f6a2a 100644 --- a/ecc/11/06.md +++ b/ecc/11/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hands" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "keep on workin # whether morning or evening, or this or that These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the person's work may prosper, no matter what time he has done it. Alternate translation: "whether the seed that you planted in the morning or the seed that you planted in the evening" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ecc/11/07.md b/ecc/11/07.md index a8ea035a90..3ec3ddfe10 100644 --- a/ecc/11/07.md +++ b/ecc/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "light" refers to being able to see the sun and therefore being al # for the eyes to see the sun The "eyes" represent the whole person. This phrase means basically the same thing as the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "for a person to see the sun" or "to be alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ecc/11/08.md b/ecc/11/08.md index 95b51aa6b9..dc55f71086 100644 --- a/ecc/11/08.md +++ b/ecc/11/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: "No one knows what will happen a # Everything to come Possible meanings are 1) "Everything that happens after death" or 2) "Everything that happens in the future" - diff --git a/ecc/11/09.md b/ecc/11/09.md index 69d152682c..4ef39eb8a8 100644 --- a/ecc/11/09.md +++ b/ecc/11/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "eyes" represent the whole person. Alternate translation: "whatever you see # God will bring you into judgment for all these things The abstract noun "judgment" can be stated as "judge" or "make you account" Alternate translation: "God will judge you for all these things" or "God will make you account for all of your actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ecc/11/10.md b/ecc/11/10.md index cb05de198a..6d7123f910 100644 --- a/ecc/11/10.md +++ b/ecc/11/10.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ # Drive anger away from your heart -Refusing to be angry is spoken of as if anger were something that can be forced away. Also, "heart" represents a person's emotions. Alternate translation: "Refuse to be angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) +Refusing to be angry is spoken of as if anger were something that can be forced away. Also, "heart" represents a person's emotions. Alternate translation: "Refuse to be angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # because youth and its strength are meaningless The authors speaks of things as being useless and meaningless as if they were "vapor" Just as vapor disappears and does not last, the author speaks of things having no lasting value. See how you translated "vapor" in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: "because youth and its strength will not last forever" or "because you will not be young and strong forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/11/intro.md b/ecc/11/intro.md index 6656e80abd..8c7a9c4774 100644 --- a/ecc/11/intro.md +++ b/ecc/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ecclesiastes 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in all of chapter 11. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Advice -#### Advice This chapter gives a series of disconnected pieces of advice. Translators should not try to smooth the transitions between these pieces of advice. The advice in these statements do not apply in every situation. Therefore, they should be seen as "good ideas." ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter gives a series of disconnected pieces of advice. Translators should * __[Ecclesiastes 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ecc/12/01.md b/ecc/12/01.md index 2366a3a923..15c91e4b5a 100644 --- a/ecc/12/01.md +++ b/ecc/12/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Future time is spoken of as if the "days are coming" Alternate translation: "bef # before the years arrive when you say, "I have no pleasure in them" Future time is spoken of as if "years arrive" Alternate translation: "before you become old when you say, 'I no longer enjoy being alive'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/12/02.md b/ecc/12/02.md index 4dccd1f675..dff0276700 100644 --- a/ecc/12/02.md +++ b/ecc/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do this before the light of the sun ... after the rain Growing old and dying is spoken of as if the sun and moon go dark and dark clouds return. Alternate translation: "do this before it seems to you that the light of the sun ... after the rain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/12/03.md b/ecc/12/03.md index 1733dca15e..a2f80b8525 100644 --- a/ecc/12/03.md +++ b/ecc/12/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer describes a house in which various activities stop. This appears to b # those who look through windows become dim Possible meanings of this metaphor, where "windows" represents the old person's eyes, are 1) the old person himself can no longer see clearly. Alternate translation: "those who try to see can only see dimly." Or 2) what the old person sees is no longer clear. Alternate translation: "the people whom they see looking at them are dim" - diff --git a/ecc/12/04.md b/ecc/12/04.md index f6feeaa3df..7bf72c102f 100644 --- a/ecc/12/04.md +++ b/ecc/12/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that the voice of the birds startle the men awake. This can be sta # the singing of girls' voices fades away Here "girls" may be a metaphor for the birds. Alternate translation: "the songs of the birds fade away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/12/05.md b/ecc/12/05.md index 50800ac7d2..2e8e495958 100644 --- a/ecc/12/05.md +++ b/ecc/12/05.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This refers to death. Alternate translation: "Then the man goes to the place of # the mourners go around in the streets Possible meanings are 1) that mourners go around in the streets to attend a funeral, or 2) that mourners go around in the streets to the house of the person who is about to die. - diff --git a/ecc/12/06.md b/ecc/12/06.md index 6aa1a6c461..13076a5093 100644 --- a/ecc/12/06.md +++ b/ecc/12/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone shatters the # the water wheel is broken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone breaks the water wheel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/12/07.md b/ecc/12/07.md index bb37dcd724..eacca2c6c0 100644 --- a/ecc/12/07.md +++ b/ecc/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # dust returns to the earth Here the word "dust" refers to the human body that has decomposed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ecc/12/08.md b/ecc/12/08.md index ddb43c6abb..f7c25039ad 100644 --- a/ecc/12/08.md +++ b/ecc/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Or "vapor." # the Teacher See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:1](../01/01.md). - diff --git a/ecc/12/09.md b/ecc/12/09.md index 39223f5b89..0a02d7dd48 100644 --- a/ecc/12/09.md +++ b/ecc/12/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # searched out and set in order "thought much about and arranged" or "thought much about and wrote down" - diff --git a/ecc/12/10.md b/ecc/12/10.md index 5bc83eae3b..6870ca39ee 100644 --- a/ecc/12/10.md +++ b/ecc/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # using vivid ... words The Teacher wanted the words to be pleasurable to the listener. They bring pleasure because they are well written, not because they are comforting. - diff --git a/ecc/12/11.md b/ecc/12/11.md index d78cd34d6b..6880b2b8dc 100644 --- a/ecc/12/11.md +++ b/ecc/12/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a simile. Alternate translation: "Like you can depend on a nail that a p # which are taught by one shepherd This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which one shepherd teaches" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/12/12.md b/ecc/12/12.md index 3c192db179..7c9c34942f 100644 --- a/ecc/12/12.md +++ b/ecc/12/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The noun phrase "the making" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Pe # brings weariness to the body Here "body" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "makes the person tired" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ecc/12/13.md b/ecc/12/13.md index e4416b2899..e6806cd128 100644 --- a/ecc/12/13.md +++ b/ecc/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # after everything has been heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after you have heard everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ecc/12/14.md b/ecc/12/14.md index c99d5f9a97..909c5f6e03 100644 --- a/ecc/12/14.md +++ b/ecc/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # along with every hidden thing Things done in secret is spoken of as if they were an object that was hidden. Alternate translation: "along with everything that people do in secret" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ecc/12/intro.md b/ecc/12/intro.md index e787dfce82..39dce858a7 100644 --- a/ecc/12/intro.md +++ b/ecc/12/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Ecclesiastes 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 12:1-7 and 12:13-14. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Advice -#### Advice This chapter gives a series of disconnected pieces of advice. Translators should not try to smooth the transitions between these pieces of advice. The advice in these statements do not apply in every situation. Therefore, they should be seen as "good ideas." -#### Yahweh +### Yahweh + At the end of a very impressive life, Solomon looks back and sees that the only real lasting thing in this world is Yahweh. The purpose of his life was to honor Yahweh, something he should have done far more throughout his life. Therefore, he felt that his life was wasted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ At the end of a very impressive life, Solomon looks back and sees that the only * __[Ecclesiastes 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/ecc/front/intro.md b/ecc/front/intro.md index 95f7b5cd97..3c402855fd 100644 --- a/ecc/front/intro.md +++ b/ecc/front/intro.md @@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ The traditional title for this book is "Ecclesiastes." Its meaning is similar to ### Who wrote the Book of Ecclesiastes? -The author appears to be Solomon, "the Teacher, the descendant of David and king in Jerusalem." This is consistent with what Solomon was known for: +The author appears to be Solomon, "the Teacher, the descendant of David and king in Jerusalem." This is consistent with what Solomon was known for: + * his wisdom ([Ecclesiastes 1:16](../../ecc/01/16.md) and twenty-six other references to wisdom); * his vast wealth ([Ecclesiastes 2:8](../../ecc/02/08.md)), and the pain that comes from wealth ([Ecclesiastes 5:13-14](../05/13.md); [Ecclesiastes 4:8](../../ecc/04/08.md); and [Ecclesiastes 9:11](../../ecc/09/11.md)); * his large number of servants ([Ecclesiastes 2:7](../../ecc/02/07.md) and [Ecclesiastes 10:7](../../ecc/10/07.md)); @@ -53,7 +54,6 @@ Parts of the Book of Ecclesiastes can be shocking or surprising to read in Scrip ### How is life described in the Book of Ecclesiastes? -The author of Ecclesiastes concludes that everything in this life quickly passes away, like a vapor that disappears. A person's circumstances or character and even all of the things of this world have little or no significance apart from God. That is because God gives meaning to everything. +The author of Ecclesiastes concludes that everything in this life quickly passes away, like a vapor that disappears. A person's circumstances or character and even all of the things of this world have little or no significance apart from God. That is because God gives meaning to everything. At the end of their life, people often say that the years of their life seemed short. The author of Ecclesiastes used the metaphor of vapor or breath to describe how life ends while it seems to be just beginning. - diff --git a/eph/01/01.md b/eph/01/01.md index aecbfc8106..2e6f147c5e 100644 --- a/eph/01/01.md +++ b/eph/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter an # who are faithful in Christ Jesus "In Christ Jesus" and similar expressions are metaphors that frequently occur in the New Testament letters. They express the strongest kind of relationship possible between Christ and those who believe in him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/01/02.md b/eph/01/02.md index 12c2387509..7b8c2cd313 100644 --- a/eph/01/02.md +++ b/eph/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Grace to you and peace This is a common greeting and blessing that Paul often uses in his letters. - diff --git a/eph/01/03.md b/eph/01/03.md index 99110e47b2..b501e1c4e2 100644 --- a/eph/01/03.md +++ b/eph/01/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "Let us praise the # in Christ Possible meanings 1) the phrase "in Christ" refers to what Christ has done. Alternate translation: "through Christ" or "through what Christ has done" or 2) "in Christ" is a metaphor referring to our close relationship with Christ. Alternate translation: "by uniting us with Christ" or "because we are united with Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/01/04.md b/eph/01/04.md index 4d3d0197f3..ee7869553a 100644 --- a/eph/01/04.md +++ b/eph/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author speaks of the world as if it were a building set on a foundation. Alt # holy and blameless Paul uses two similar words to emphasize moral goodness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/eph/01/05.md b/eph/01/05.md index 861379f529..17e63ffe13 100644 --- a/eph/01/05.md +++ b/eph/01/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God brought believers into his family by the work of Jesus Christ. # his will "God's will" - diff --git a/eph/01/06.md b/eph/01/06.md index 86a528fb46..5fb8285d85 100644 --- a/eph/01/06.md +++ b/eph/01/06.md @@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ The words "his" and "he" refer to God. -# he has freely given us in the One he loves +# he has freely given us in the One he loves "he has kindly given to us by means of the One he loves" # the One he loves "the One he loves, Jesus Christ" or "his Son, whom he loves" - diff --git a/eph/01/07.md b/eph/01/07.md index eb32a3d7aa..66c2ca86c9 100644 --- a/eph/01/07.md +++ b/eph/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # riches of his grace Paul speaks of God's grace as if it were material wealth. Alternate translation: "greatness of God's grace" or "abundance of God's grace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/01/08.md b/eph/01/08.md index 16c049ffba..e8fa055aae 100644 --- a/eph/01/08.md +++ b/eph/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with all wisdom and understanding Possible meanings are 1) "because he has all wisdom and understanding" 2) "so that we might have great wisdom and understanding" - diff --git a/eph/01/09.md b/eph/01/09.md index c4d141098b..c7cc3100f4 100644 --- a/eph/01/09.md +++ b/eph/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "because he wanted to make it known to us" or 2) "which # in Christ "by means of Christ" - diff --git a/eph/01/10.md b/eph/01/10.md index 0718cb04c4..6846e4208f 100644 --- a/eph/01/10.md +++ b/eph/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A new sentence can be started here. If you start a new sentence here, you will n # for the fullness of time "for when the time is right" or "for the time that he has appointed" - diff --git a/eph/01/11.md b/eph/01/11.md index bcd4d69d47..b03a3de81a 100644 --- a/eph/01/11.md +++ b/eph/01/11.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # we were given an inheritance, having been predestined according to the plan of him who works -This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God gave us an inheritance, having predestined us according to his plan. For he works" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) \ No newline at end of file +This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God gave us an inheritance, having predestined us according to his plan. For he works" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/eph/01/12.md b/eph/01/12.md index 3e3ec19719..4d079478b4 100644 --- a/eph/01/12.md +++ b/eph/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The pronoun "we" refer to Paul and the other Jewish believers, not to the Ephesi # so that we, ... Christ, would be for the praise of his glory. Possible meanings are 1) other people would praise God because of the grace he had shown the believers ([Ephesians 1:6](./06.md)). Alternate translation: "we, ... Christ, would live in a way that brings glory to God." or "people would praise God because of the glorious grace he showed us who ... Christ." Or 2) believers would praise God for his glory. Alternate translation: "so that we, ... Christ, would praise him for his glory as long as we live." - diff --git a/eph/01/13.md b/eph/01/13.md index bc46152658..beaa8fcac0 100644 --- a/eph/01/13.md +++ b/eph/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the message about the truth" or 2) "the true message." # were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit Wax was placed on a letter and stamped with a symbol representing the person who wrote the letter. Paul uses this custom as a picture to show how God has used the Holy Spirit to assure us that we belong to him. Alternate translation: "God has sealed you with the Holy Spirit that he promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/eph/01/14.md b/eph/01/14.md index 8adbe7b0ef..30c334360c 100644 --- a/eph/01/14.md +++ b/eph/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What God has promised and will provide is spoken of as though it were property o # the redemption of the possession The abstract nouns "redemption" and "possession" can be translated using the verbs "redeem" and "possess," respectively. Possible meanings of "possession" are 1) God possesses. Alternate translation: "God redeems us as his own people" Or 2) Christians possess. Alternate translation: "we take possession of our inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/eph/01/15.md b/eph/01/15.md index 35261b715c..f66479bbb8 100644 --- a/eph/01/15.md +++ b/eph/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Paul prays for the Ephesian believers and praises God for the power that believers have through Christ. - diff --git a/eph/01/16.md b/eph/01/16.md index e07917ed93..dca53ff7b1 100644 --- a/eph/01/16.md +++ b/eph/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have not stopped thanking God Paul uses "not stopped" to emphasize that he continues to thank God. Alternate translation: "I continue to thank God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/eph/01/17.md b/eph/01/17.md index 1c3f98fb8f..12406dd35c 100644 --- a/eph/01/17.md +++ b/eph/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him "spiritual wisdom to understand his revelation" - diff --git a/eph/01/18.md b/eph/01/18.md index 3758279bd0..9ca3877e1a 100644 --- a/eph/01/18.md +++ b/eph/01/18.md @@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ This may be stated in the active tense. Alternate translation: that God may enli # the hope to which he has called you Here "the hope" refers to what God wants us to confidently expect. Alternate translation: "what he has called you to confidently expect" or "what he has called you to confidently wait for" - + # to which he has called you - - to which he has invited you - + +to which he has invited you + # the riches of his glorious inheritance among all God's holy people What God has promised and will provide is spoken of as though it were property or wealth that one would inherit from a family member. Alternate translation: "the riches of all the glorious things he has promised to give to all God's holy people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ What God has promised and will provide is spoken of as though it were property o # all God's holy people "all those whom he has set apart for himself" or "all those who belong completely to him" - diff --git a/eph/01/19.md b/eph/01/19.md index 70cf369167..4c94d935bd 100644 --- a/eph/01/19.md +++ b/eph/01/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God's power is far beyond all other power. # the strength of his might "his mighty strength" or "his very great strength" - diff --git a/eph/01/20.md b/eph/01/20.md index 25eb85de41..990e787515 100644 --- a/eph/01/20.md +++ b/eph/01/20.md @@ -12,9 +12,8 @@ The person who sits "at the right hand" of a king sits at his right side and rul # seated him at his right hand -To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "seated him in the place of honor and authority beside him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate:translate_symaction]]) +To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "seated him in the place of honor and authority beside him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) # in the heavenly places "in the supernatural world." The word "heavenly" refers to the place where God is. See how you translated this in [Ephesians 1:3](../01/03.md). - diff --git a/eph/01/21.md b/eph/01/21.md index 8ded890237..b24cc61f9b 100644 --- a/eph/01/21.md +++ b/eph/01/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) title or 2) position of authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # in the age to come "in the future" - diff --git a/eph/01/22.md b/eph/01/22.md index 79dd4b3b03..b60e8d356c 100644 --- a/eph/01/22.md +++ b/eph/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "feet" represents Christ's lordship, authority, and power. Alternate transl # head over all things Here "head" refers to the leader or the one who is in charge. Alternate translation: "ruler over all things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/01/23.md b/eph/01/23.md index 11e062cb77..ca2251815d 100644 --- a/eph/01/23.md +++ b/eph/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Just as with a human body, the head (verse 22) rules all things pertaining to it # his body, the fullness of him who fills all in all Possible meanings are 1) the body is the fullness of Christ. This means Christ fills or gives to the church everything that he has to give, and Christ also fills all things in every way or 2) "the fullness" refers back to "him," that is, Christ in 1:22, and "him" in 1:23 refers to God the Father. This means the full deity of the Father dwells within Christ, and the Father fills all things in every way or 3) the body is the completion of Christ. This means that Christ as the "head" is completed by the church, which is "his body," and Christ fills all things in every way. - diff --git a/eph/01/intro.md b/eph/01/intro.md index eb6b5531da..0356d7fd6b 100644 --- a/eph/01/intro.md +++ b/eph/01/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Ephesians 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### "I pray" +### "I pray" -Paul structures part of this chapter like a prayer of praise to God. But Paul is not just talking to God. He is teaching the church in Ephesus. He also tells the Ephesians how he is praying for them. +Paul structures part of this chapter like a prayer of praise to God. But Paul is not just talking to God. He is teaching the church in Ephesus. He also tells the Ephesians how he is praying for them. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Predestination -#### Predestination Many scholars believe this chapter teaches on a subject known as "predestination." This is related to the biblical concept of "predestine." Some scholars take this to indicate that God has, from before the foundation of the world, chosen some people to eternally save. Christians have different views on what the Bible teaches on this subject. So translators need to take extra care when translating this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/predestine]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +18,3 @@ Many scholars believe this chapter teaches on a subject known as "predestination * __[Ephesians intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/eph/02/01.md b/eph/02/01.md index c5e355d7e6..ccd946e57d 100644 --- a/eph/02/01.md +++ b/eph/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of sinful people being unable to obey God as if they were people who # in your trespasses and sins The words "trespasses" and "sins" have similar meanings. Paul uses them together to emphasize the greatness of the people's sin. They can also be translated using the verbs "trespass" and "sin," respectively. Alternate translation: "because you had trespassed and sinned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/02.md b/eph/02/02.md index 332e4b83bc..e650b0e66e 100644 --- a/eph/02/02.md +++ b/eph/02/02.md @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The apostles also used "world" to refer to the selfish behaviors and corrupt val These words expand upon "the ruler of the authorities of the air." This is another way of speaking of the devil or Satan. # the sons of disobedience - diff --git a/eph/02/03.md b/eph/02/03.md index 623918ea16..597b38ee40 100644 --- a/eph/02/03.md +++ b/eph/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is a metonym for the body, which is made of flesh. Alternate translati # children of wrath people with whom God is angry (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/04.md b/eph/02/04.md index a95557ff46..a45e38b74f 100644 --- a/eph/02/04.md +++ b/eph/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because of his great love with which he loved us "because of his great love for us" or "because he loves us very much" - diff --git a/eph/02/05.md b/eph/02/05.md index f05d7198fd..a967fc2f58 100644 --- a/eph/02/05.md +++ b/eph/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by grace you have been saved This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "God saved us because of his great kindness toward us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/06.md b/eph/02/06.md index 8c0667ed2e..2c635a48c4 100644 --- a/eph/02/06.md +++ b/eph/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive ag # in Christ Jesus "In Christ Jesus" and similar expressions are metaphors that frequently occur in the New Testament letters. They express the strongest kind of relationship possible between Christ and those who believe in him. - diff --git a/eph/02/07.md b/eph/02/07.md index fb3fa632ad..20819bd445 100644 --- a/eph/02/07.md +++ b/eph/02/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the ages to come "in the future" - diff --git a/eph/02/08.md b/eph/02/08.md index 61d5c8a4f2..b48e1d3cf7 100644 --- a/eph/02/08.md +++ b/eph/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's kindness to us is the reason he made it possible for us to be saved from j # this did not The word "this" refers back to "by grace you have been saved by faith." - diff --git a/eph/02/09.md b/eph/02/09.md index e0c94e83bf..8cf70fc18d 100644 --- a/eph/02/09.md +++ b/eph/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not from works, so that no one may boast You may want to start a new sentence here. Alternate translation: "Salvation does not come from works, so that no one may boast" or "God does not save a person because of what that person does, so no one can boast and say that he earned his salvation" - diff --git a/eph/02/10.md b/eph/02/10.md index 443aafa599..1aced7f43d 100644 --- a/eph/02/10.md +++ b/eph/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we would walk in them Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Here "in them" refers to the "good deeds." Alternate translation: "we would always and continually do those good deeds" - diff --git a/eph/02/11.md b/eph/02/11.md index 885da5a2d8..71840b56c8 100644 --- a/eph/02/11.md +++ b/eph/02/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Jews, who are circumcised by humans" or 2) "Jews, who # by what is called This can be translated with an active form. Alternate translation: "by what people call" or "by those whom people call" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/12.md b/eph/02/12.md index 044c367c71..3e7b737f05 100644 --- a/eph/02/12.md +++ b/eph/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks to the Gentile believers as if they had been foreigners, kept out of # having no hope They had no reason to confidently expect anything good to happen. Specifically, they had no hope that God would save them and give them eternal life with him. Alternate translation: "not hoping in God" or "not confidently waiting for eternal life with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/13.md b/eph/02/13.md index 106930345c..37423a2fd9 100644 --- a/eph/02/13.md +++ b/eph/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Not belonging to God due to sin is spoken of as being far away from God. Belongi # by the blood of Christ The blood of Christ is a metonym for his death. Alternate translation: "by Christ's death" or "when Christ died for us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/14.md b/eph/02/14.md index 259282f7f4..be25a59ebd 100644 --- a/eph/02/14.md +++ b/eph/02/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "his flesh," his physical body, are a metonym for his body dying. Alte # he broke down the dividing wall of hostility Paul is speaking of Jews and Gentiles being hostile to each other and unable to worship God together as if they were on different sides of a wall. Because Jesus died, Gentiles as well as Jews can now worship God. Alternate translation: "he made it possible for Jews and Gentiles not to be hostile to each other anymore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/15.md b/eph/02/15.md index a65dd2c55a..607bf3b023 100644 --- a/eph/02/15.md +++ b/eph/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a single new people, the people of redeemed humanity (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # in himself It is union with Christ that makes reconciliation possible between Jews and Gentiles. - diff --git a/eph/02/16.md b/eph/02/16.md index 572787a697..c3f28c717c 100644 --- a/eph/02/16.md +++ b/eph/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The cross here represents Christ's death on the cross. Alternate translation: "b # putting to death the hostility Stopping their hostility is spoken of as if he killed their hostility. By dying on the cross Jesus eliminated the reason for Jews and Gentiles to be hostile toward each other. Neither are now required to live according to the law of Moses. Alternate translation: "stopping them from hating one another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/17.md b/eph/02/17.md index 3ea52d6877..462923d4b1 100644 --- a/eph/02/17.md +++ b/eph/02/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the Gentiles or non-Jews. # those who were near This refers to the Jews. - diff --git a/eph/02/18.md b/eph/02/18.md index 79f4b5a22d..f5999932ef 100644 --- a/eph/02/18.md +++ b/eph/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "we both" refers the believing Jews (including Paul) and the believing non- # in one Spirit All believers, both Jewish and Gentile, are given the right to enter into the presence of God the Father by the same Holy Spirit. - diff --git a/eph/02/19.md b/eph/02/19.md index e13494d16c..635b38666c 100644 --- a/eph/02/19.md +++ b/eph/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is using a metaphor to tell his Gentile readers that though God formerly di # foreigners and strangers ... fellow citizens ... and members of the household The words "foreigners" and "strangers" mean almost the same thing, so "strangers and foreigners" may be a doublet. However, Paul is contrasting "foreigners and strangers" with "fellow citizens ... and members." The word "citizens" refers to having political rights, so here "foreigners" probably refers to people living in a country not their own and having no political rights. The word "members" refers to being part of a family, so "strangers" probably refers to people who are not part of a family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/20.md b/eph/02/20.md index 9e8eefe885..baaef65746 100644 --- a/eph/02/20.md +++ b/eph/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of God's people as if they were a building. Christ is the cornerston # You have been built This can be stated in the active tense. Alternate translation: "God has built you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/21.md b/eph/02/21.md index fd32f08069..30dc390948 100644 --- a/eph/02/21.md +++ b/eph/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to speak of Christ's family as if it were a building. In the same # In him ... in the Lord "In Christ ... in the Lord Jesus" These metaphors express the strongest kind of relationship possible between Christ and those who believe in him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/22.md b/eph/02/22.md index e66afb53d3..cceca50555 100644 --- a/eph/02/22.md +++ b/eph/02/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This describes how believers are being put together to become a place where God # you also are being built together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God is also building you together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/eph/02/intro.md b/eph/02/intro.md index 563b504b15..f15ac0c8de 100644 --- a/eph/02/intro.md +++ b/eph/02/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,32 @@ # Ephesians 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter focuses on a Christian's life before coming to believe in Jesus. Paul then uses this information to explain how a person's former way of living is distinct from a Christian's new identity "in Christ." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### One body -#### One body Paul teaches about the church in this chapter. The church is made of two different groups of people (Jews and Gentiles). They are now one group or "body." The church is also known as the body of Christ. Jews and Gentiles are united in Christ. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### "Dead in trespasses and sins" -#### "Dead in trespasses and sins" Paul teaches that those who are not Christians are "dead" in their sin. Sin binds or enslaves them. This makes them spiritually "dead." Paul writes that God makes Christians alive in Christ. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Descriptions of worldly living +### Descriptions of worldly living + Paul uses many different ways to describe how non-Christians act. They "lived according to the ways of this world" and are "living according to the ruler of the authorities of the air," "fulfilling the evil desires of our sinful nature," and "carrying out the desires of the body and of the mind." -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "It is the gift of God" -#### "It is the gift of God" Some scholars believe "it" here refers to being saved. Other scholars believe that it is faith that is the gift of God. Because of how the Greek tenses agree, "it" here more likely refers to all of being saved by God's grace through faith. -#### Flesh +### Flesh This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for a person's sinful nature. The phrase "Gentiles in the flesh" indicates the Ephesians once lived without any concern for God. "Flesh" is also used in this verse to refer to the physical part of man. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]) @@ -31,4 +35,3 @@ This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for a person's sinful na * __[Ephesians 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/eph/03/01.md b/eph/03/01.md index e297d50eca..7a02bdac6e 100644 --- a/eph/03/01.md +++ b/eph/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to what Paul was speaking about in chapter 2. Alternate translation: # the prisoner of Christ Jesus Paul was in prison because people did not like him preaching about Christ Jesus. Alternate translation: "the prisoner for Christ Jesus" or "the prisoner for preaching about Christ Jesus" - diff --git a/eph/03/02.md b/eph/03/02.md index f2a50d8008..1c5179e9c1 100644 --- a/eph/03/02.md +++ b/eph/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the stewardship of the grace of God that was given to me for you "the responsibility that God gave me to bring his grace to you" - diff --git a/eph/03/03.md b/eph/03/03.md index 1e98c7db12..643e2983c3 100644 --- a/eph/03/03.md +++ b/eph/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The mystery is God's plan, which God had not clearly told people about earlier. # as I have written briefly Paul refers to another letter he had written to these people. - diff --git a/eph/03/04.md b/eph/03/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/03/04.md +++ b/eph/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/03/05.md b/eph/03/05.md index 26f71c818e..3061c9f988 100644 --- a/eph/03/05.md +++ b/eph/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But now the Spirit ha # his holy apostles and prophets "the apostles and prophets whom God set apart to do this work" - diff --git a/eph/03/06.md b/eph/03/06.md index 4bd64bbe1c..6c1d5a2e29 100644 --- a/eph/03/06.md +++ b/eph/03/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The church is often referred to as the body of Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # through the gospel Possible meanings are 1) because of the gospel the Gentiles are fellow sharers in the promise or 2) because of the gospel the Gentiles are fellow heirs and members of the body and fellow sharers in the promise. - diff --git a/eph/03/07.md b/eph/03/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/03/07.md +++ b/eph/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/03/08.md b/eph/03/08.md index c726c328ab..effd8faf76 100644 --- a/eph/03/08.md +++ b/eph/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ unable to be completely known (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # riches of Christ Paul speaks of the truth about Christ and the blessings he brings as if they were material wealth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/03/09.md b/eph/03/09.md index b70a75d1a3..0e910fc38f 100644 --- a/eph/03/09.md +++ b/eph/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the mystery hidden for ages in God, who created all things This can be stated in active form. "God, who created all things, kept this plan hidden for long ages in the past" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/eph/03/10.md b/eph/03/10.md index d4a93711a7..9e7784677d 100644 --- a/eph/03/10.md +++ b/eph/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # This plan was made known through the church + This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God made this plan known by means of the church" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # rulers and authorities @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ These words share similar meanings. Paul uses them together to emphasize that ev # the many-sided nature of the wisdom of God God's great and complex wisdom is spoken of as if it were an object with many sides. Alternate translation: "the great and complex wisdom of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/03/11.md b/eph/03/11.md index 8966ed4d94..ac4999162f 100644 --- a/eph/03/11.md +++ b/eph/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # according to the eternal plan "in keeping with the eternal plan" or "consistent with the eternal plan" - diff --git a/eph/03/12.md b/eph/03/12.md index 19a3326ad8..87fd7e53cb 100644 --- a/eph/03/12.md +++ b/eph/03/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It may be helpful to state explicitly that this access is into God's presence. A # confidence "certainty" or "assurance" - diff --git a/eph/03/13.md b/eph/03/13.md index d2d28dad39..4efee29095 100644 --- a/eph/03/13.md +++ b/eph/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for you, which is your glory Here "your glory" is a metonym for the pride they should feel or will feel in the future kingdom. The Christians in Ephesus should be proud of what Paul is suffering in prison. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "for you. This is for your benefit" or "for you. You should be proud of this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/eph/03/14.md b/eph/03/14.md index e17d10e16e..17680670c9 100644 --- a/eph/03/14.md +++ b/eph/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make explicit what the reason is. Alternate translation: "Becaus # I bend my knees to the Father Bowed knees are a picture of the whole person in an attitude of prayer. Alternate translation: "I bow down in prayer to the Father" or "I humbly pray to the Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/eph/03/15.md b/eph/03/15.md index 2c2dec146d..5f9331cf64 100644 --- a/eph/03/15.md +++ b/eph/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from whom every family in heaven and on earth is named The act of naming here probably also represents the act of creating. Alternate translation: "who created and named every family in heaven and on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/eph/03/16.md b/eph/03/16.md index 2f6a85bc0d..9a98a1a212 100644 --- a/eph/03/16.md +++ b/eph/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # I pray that he would grant you, according to the riches of his glory, to be strengthened with power "I pray that God, because he is so great and powerful, would allow you to become strong with his power." This is the first item for which Paul bends his knees and prays. @@ -10,4 +9,3 @@ # in your inner person Here the phrase "inner person" refers to the personality, heart, or soul. Alternate translation: "in your heart" or "in your soul" - diff --git a/eph/03/17.md b/eph/03/17.md index fdfa1c5239..f53f9fd72c 100644 --- a/eph/03/17.md +++ b/eph/03/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" represents a person's inner being, and "through" expresses the mean # you may be rooted and founded in his love Paul speaks of their faith as if it were a tree that has deep roots or a house built on a solid foundation. Alternate translation: "that you will be like a firmly rooted tree and a building built on stone because of his love" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/03/18.md b/eph/03/18.md index 99f8ee4370..cf03210343 100644 --- a/eph/03/18.md +++ b/eph/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # that you might be able to understand + This is the first item which Paul says will be the result of the Christians being rooted and grounded in Christ's love ([Ephesians 3:17](../03/17.md)). # all God's holy people @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This is the first item which Paul says will be the result of the Christians bein # the width, the length, the height, and the depth Possible meanings are 1) these words describe the greatness of God's wisdom, Alternate translation: "how very wise God is" or 2) these word describe the intensity of Christ's love for us. Alternate translation: "how much Christ loves us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/03/19.md b/eph/03/19.md index d7b703067a..1f8496e043 100644 --- a/eph/03/19.md +++ b/eph/03/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the second item which Paul says will be the result of the Christians bei # that you may be filled with all the fullness of God This is the third item for which Paul bends his knees and prays ([Ephesians 3:14](../03/14.md)). The first is that they would "be strengthened" ([Ephesians 3:16](../03/16.md)), and the second is that they "can understand" ([Ephesians 3:18](../03/18.md)). - diff --git a/eph/03/20.md b/eph/03/20.md index 9c7235ee5a..e8fe98bc24 100644 --- a/eph/03/20.md +++ b/eph/03/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul concludes his prayer with a blessing. # to do far beyond all that we ask or think "to do much more than all that we ask or think" or "to do things that are much greater than all that we ask him for or think about" - diff --git a/eph/03/21.md b/eph/03/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/03/21.md +++ b/eph/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/03/intro.md b/eph/03/intro.md index 918add7308..28713bc570 100644 --- a/eph/03/intro.md +++ b/eph/03/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Ephesians 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### "I pray" +### "I pray" Paul structures part of this chapter as a prayer to God. But Paul is not just talking to God. He is both praying for and instructing the church in Ephesus. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Mystery -#### Mystery Paul refers to the church as a "mystery." The role of the church in the plans of God was once not known. But God has now revealed it. Part of this mystery involves the Gentiles having equal standing with the Jews in the plans of God. ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Paul refers to the church as a "mystery." The role of the church in the plans of * __[Ephesians 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/eph/04/01.md b/eph/04/01.md index a93be60e86..6fb9cde96b 100644 --- a/eph/04/01.md +++ b/eph/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Because of what Paul has been writing to the Ephesians, he tells them how they s # walk worthily of the calling Walking is a common way to express the idea of living one's life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/02.md b/eph/04/02.md index 66857c0c6b..28e2c916e6 100644 --- a/eph/04/02.md +++ b/eph/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to live with great humility and gentleness and patience "to always be very humble, gentle, and patient" - diff --git a/eph/04/03.md b/eph/04/03.md index 21a2fded22..4e2f6c7b20 100644 --- a/eph/04/03.md +++ b/eph/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace Here Paul speaks of "peace" as if it were a bond that ties people together. This is a metaphor for being united with other people by living peacefully with them. Alternate translation: "to live peacefully with one another and remain united, as the Spirit made possible" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/04.md b/eph/04/04.md index 7a847c42ab..8eb9afe51f 100644 --- a/eph/04/04.md +++ b/eph/04/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "call" means "invite" or "choose." This can be stated in active f # one hope Here the word "hope" refers to the thing to hope for. Alternate translation: "one thing to hope for" or "one thing to confidently wait for" - diff --git a/eph/04/05.md b/eph/04/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/04/05.md +++ b/eph/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/04/06.md b/eph/04/06.md index ea8ddbaac7..23a3e205dc 100644 --- a/eph/04/06.md +++ b/eph/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Father of all ... over all ... through all ... and in all The word "all" here means "everything." - diff --git a/eph/04/07.md b/eph/04/07.md index 0a0d52945d..f4f0990ea5 100644 --- a/eph/04/07.md +++ b/eph/04/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here grace refers to a spiritual gift or ability. Alternate translation: "a spir # according to the measure of the gift of Christ Here "the gift of Christ" refers to a gift that Christ has given. Alternate translation: "according to the amount that Christ has given us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/08.md b/eph/04/08.md index 40f260e067..18f4ab93e1 100644 --- a/eph/04/08.md +++ b/eph/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The quotation here is from the book of Psalms in the Old Testament. King David w # When he ascended on high "When he went up to the very high place" - diff --git a/eph/04/09.md b/eph/04/09.md index dedfb827a8..d6217ac2cc 100644 --- a/eph/04/09.md +++ b/eph/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # into the lower regions of the earth Possible meanings are 1) the lower regions are a part of the earth. Alternate translation: "into the lowest place on earth" or 2) "the lower regions" is another way of referring to the earth. Alternate translation: "into the lower regions, the earth" - diff --git a/eph/04/10.md b/eph/04/10.md index 648c07c209..6a3c7d04cb 100644 --- a/eph/04/10.md +++ b/eph/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fill "complete" or "satisfy" - diff --git a/eph/04/11.md b/eph/04/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/04/11.md +++ b/eph/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/04/12.md b/eph/04/12.md index 201ce8b443..810cafb1c1 100644 --- a/eph/04/12.md +++ b/eph/04/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul is speaking of people who grow spiritually as if they were doing exercises # body of Christ The "body of Christ" refers to all of the individual members of Christ's Church. - diff --git a/eph/04/13.md b/eph/04/13.md index 9d9a04fad3..c7e34fd825 100644 --- a/eph/04/13.md +++ b/eph/04/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sono # mature "fully developed" or "grown up" or "complete" - diff --git a/eph/04/14.md b/eph/04/14.md index 0dfaaf83c2..48bd68a6a6 100644 --- a/eph/04/14.md +++ b/eph/04/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of a believer who has not become mature and follows wrong teaching a # by the trickery of people in their deceitful schemes "by crafty people who trick believers with clever lies" - diff --git a/eph/04/15.md b/eph/04/15.md index db5c5858f8..b638fac779 100644 --- a/eph/04/15.md +++ b/eph/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into him who is the head Paul uses the human body to describe how Christ causes believers to work together in harmony as the head of a body causes the body parts to work together to grow healthy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/16.md b/eph/04/16.md index 70fe0ccf2d..2d5d9f6ecb 100644 --- a/eph/04/16.md +++ b/eph/04/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses the human body to describe how Christ causes believers to work togethe # by every supporting ligament A "ligament" is a strong band that connects bones or holds organs in place in the body. - diff --git a/eph/04/17.md b/eph/04/17.md index d94f280e68..655f45c7cb 100644 --- a/eph/04/17.md +++ b/eph/04/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul tells the Ephesians what they should no longer do now that they as believer # that you must no longer walk as the Gentiles walk, in the futility of their minds The word "walk" here is a metaphor for the way a person lives his life, especially whether he does right or does wrong. Alternate translation: "stop living the way the Gentiles live, with their worthless thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/18.md b/eph/04/18.md index 527cd3ae4a..ac83f071d9 100644 --- a/eph/04/18.md +++ b/eph/04/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "darkened in their understanding" is a metaphor that means not to be able t # because of the hardness of their hearts Here "hearts" is a metonym for people's minds. The phrase "hardness of their hearts" is a metaphor that means "stubbornness." Alternate translation: "because they are stubborn" or "because they refuse to listen to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/19.md b/eph/04/19.md index d747b57267..0d811f5a81 100644 --- a/eph/04/19.md +++ b/eph/04/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of these people as if they were objects that they themselves were gi # uncleanness This word for ritual uncleanness is a metaphor for the guilt that comes from sinful acts. It can be translated using the word "unclean." Alternate translation: "sinful act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/20.md b/eph/04/20.md index ac4d0bd0fe..0dfb463016 100644 --- a/eph/04/20.md +++ b/eph/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But that is not how you learned about Christ The word "that" refers to the way the Gentiles live, as described in [Ephesians 4:17-19](./17.md). This emphasizes that what the believers learned about Christ was the opposite of that. Alternate translation: "But what you learned about Christ was not like that" - diff --git a/eph/04/21.md b/eph/04/21.md index 7b74457f6a..1ce7b35ae9 100644 --- a/eph/04/21.md +++ b/eph/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Jesus's people have taught you" or 2) "someone has tau # as the truth is in Jesus "as everything about Jesus is true" - diff --git a/eph/04/22.md b/eph/04/22.md index 4e6e641046..4cce35924c 100644 --- a/eph/04/22.md +++ b/eph/04/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The "old man" refers to the "old nature" or "former self." # that is corrupt because of its deceitful desires Paul speaks of the sinful human nature as if it were a dead body falling apart in its grave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/23.md b/eph/04/23.md index ebd9fa5c91..32b25b52c7 100644 --- a/eph/04/23.md +++ b/eph/04/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be renewed in the spirit of your minds This may be translated with an active form. Alternate translation: "to allow God to change your attitudes and thoughts" or "to allow God to give you new attitudes and thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/24.md b/eph/04/24.md index f2d61de181..d10bba0dca 100644 --- a/eph/04/24.md +++ b/eph/04/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in true righteousness and holiness "truly righteous and holy" - diff --git a/eph/04/25.md b/eph/04/25.md index 6b88f6f8cd..f8c8dd4e69 100644 --- a/eph/04/25.md +++ b/eph/04/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we are members of one another "we belong to one another" or "we are members of God's family" - diff --git a/eph/04/26.md b/eph/04/26.md index 44e0f5ae36..3176366653 100644 --- a/eph/04/26.md +++ b/eph/04/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do not let the sun go down on your anger The sun going down represents nightfall or the end of the day. Alternate translation: "You must stop being angry before night comes" or "Do not let the sun set while you are still angry with someone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/27.md b/eph/04/27.md index 8fb1da29db..0d2a195852 100644 --- a/eph/04/27.md +++ b/eph/04/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not give an opportunity to the devil "Do not give the devil an opportunity to lead you into sin" - diff --git a/eph/04/28.md b/eph/04/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/04/28.md +++ b/eph/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/04/29.md b/eph/04/29.md index 82e7f34dad..eba131e131 100644 --- a/eph/04/29.md +++ b/eph/04/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to speech that is cruel or rude. # give grace to the hearers "help those who hear you" - diff --git a/eph/04/30.md b/eph/04/30.md index 1413c463d6..7df9ab5c4a 100644 --- a/eph/04/30.md +++ b/eph/04/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Holy Spirit assures believers that God will redeem them. Paul speaks of the # the day of redemption Here redemption is a metaphor for causing people to no longer be affected by sin. The idea in the noun "redemption" can be expressed with a phrase. Alternate translation: "the day when God will redeem his people" or "the day when God will free his people from sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/eph/04/31.md b/eph/04/31.md index 3193c9e145..84abd58751 100644 --- a/eph/04/31.md +++ b/eph/04/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul finishes his instructions on what believers should not do and ends with wha # rage intense anger - diff --git a/eph/04/32.md b/eph/04/32.md index 7a7a64e6b1..b84cbd4d47 100644 --- a/eph/04/32.md +++ b/eph/04/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # tenderhearted "gentle and compassionate towards others" - diff --git a/eph/04/intro.md b/eph/04/intro.md index a880eeeac5..a1778cf494 100644 --- a/eph/04/intro.md +++ b/eph/04/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Ephesians 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verse 8, which is quoted from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Spiritual gifts -#### Spiritual gifts Spiritual gifts are specific supernatural abilities that the Holy Spirit gives to Christians after they come to believe in Jesus. These spiritual gifts were foundational to developing the church. Paul lists here only some of the spiritual gifts. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -#### Unity -Paul considers it very important that the church is united. This is a major theme of this chapter. +### Unity -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +Paul considers it very important that the church is united. This is a major theme of this chapter. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Old man and new man -#### Old man and new man The term "old man" probably refers to the sinful nature with which a person is born. The "new man" is the new nature or new life that God gives a person after they come to believe in Christ. ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ The term "old man" probably refers to the sinful nature with which a person is b * __[Ephesians 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/eph/05/01.md b/eph/05/01.md index d3cf757962..1c2a949603 100644 --- a/eph/05/01.md +++ b/eph/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul continues to tell the believers how they should and should not live as God' # as beloved children God desires us to imitate or follow him since we are his children. Alternate translation: "as dearly loved children imitate their fathers" or "because you are his children and he loves you dearly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/02.md b/eph/05/02.md index e7fc27e922..3042d2fb4e 100644 --- a/eph/05/02.md +++ b/eph/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Walking is a common way to express the idea of living one's life. Alternate tran # a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God "like a sweet-smelling offering and sacrifice to God" - diff --git a/eph/05/03.md b/eph/05/03.md index 5109eec00e..f79619aae6 100644 --- a/eph/05/03.md +++ b/eph/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # uncleanness This word for ritual uncleanness is a metaphor for the guilt that comes from sinful acts. It can be translated using the word "unclean." Alternate translation: "sinful act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/04.md b/eph/05/04.md index 15a82147c3..b12c892c2b 100644 --- a/eph/05/04.md +++ b/eph/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Instead there should be thanksgiving "Instead you should thank God" - diff --git a/eph/05/05.md b/eph/05/05.md index 21a38dba72..b8c95f87bf 100644 --- a/eph/05/05.md +++ b/eph/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # inheritance Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/06.md b/eph/05/06.md index cb056036bf..f294b28a9e 100644 --- a/eph/05/06.md +++ b/eph/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # empty words words that have no truth to them - diff --git a/eph/05/07.md b/eph/05/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/05/07.md +++ b/eph/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/05/08.md b/eph/05/08.md index 6360e35f1b..83b054bd79 100644 --- a/eph/05/08.md +++ b/eph/05/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Just as one can see in the light, so people whom God has saved understand how to # Walk as children of light Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Alternate translation: "Live as people who understand what the Lord wants them to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/09.md b/eph/05/09.md index 4ab82539b4..ed02a7b7f5 100644 --- a/eph/05/09.md +++ b/eph/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the fruit of the light consists in all goodness, righteousness, and truth "Fruit" here is a metaphor for "result" or "outcome." Alternate translation: "the result of living in the light is good work, right living, and truthful behavior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/10.md b/eph/05/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/05/10.md +++ b/eph/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/05/11.md b/eph/05/11.md index 53f685ce8a..ddf70dbb7c 100644 --- a/eph/05/11.md +++ b/eph/05/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ actions that do nothing good, useful, or profitable. Paul is comparing evil acti # expose them Speaking against the works of darkness is spoken of as bringing them out into the light so that people can see them. Alternate translation: "bring them out into the light" or "uncover them" or "show and tell people how wrong these actions are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/12.md b/eph/05/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/05/12.md +++ b/eph/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/05/13.md b/eph/05/13.md index b0afc5c3df..61ff181dfb 100644 --- a/eph/05/13.md +++ b/eph/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when anything is exposed by the light This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the light shines on something" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/14.md b/eph/05/14.md index cdaacc1f31..82ddbc09d3 100644 --- a/eph/05/14.md +++ b/eph/05/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These instances of "you" refer to the "sleeper" and are singular. (See: [[rc://e # Christ will shine on you Christ will enable an unbeliever to understand how evil his deeds are and how Christ will forgive him and give him new life, just as light shows what actually is there that darkness hid. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/15.md b/eph/05/15.md index 328561c8ce..7454f466c7 100644 --- a/eph/05/15.md +++ b/eph/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Look carefully how you walk—not as unwise but as wise Wise people can identify sin, so they guard themselves from it and flee from it. Alternate translation: "Therefore you must be careful to live as a wise person rather than a foolish person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/16.md b/eph/05/16.md index f48726ba75..192e8907c2 100644 --- a/eph/05/16.md +++ b/eph/05/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Using time wisely is spoken of as if it were redeeming the time. Alternate trans # because the days are evil The word "days" is a metonym for what people do during those days. Alternate translation: "because the people around you are doing all kinds of evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/17.md b/eph/05/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/05/17.md +++ b/eph/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/05/18.md b/eph/05/18.md index cc88b788c7..5568c1a675 100644 --- a/eph/05/18.md +++ b/eph/05/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul ends his instructions on how all believers should live. # Instead, be filled with the Holy Spirit "Instead, you should be controlled with the Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/eph/05/19.md b/eph/05/19.md index e502c52340..d6d0418b55 100644 --- a/eph/05/19.md +++ b/eph/05/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) these are songs that Holy Spirit inspires a person to s # with all your heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's thoughts or inner being. The phrase "with all your heart" means to do something with enthusiasm. Alternate translation: "with all of your being" or "enthusiastically" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/20.md b/eph/05/20.md index d696007331..0f760e7392 100644 --- a/eph/05/20.md +++ b/eph/05/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ "because you belong to our Lord Jesus Christ" or "as people who belong to our Lord Jesus Christ" - diff --git a/eph/05/21.md b/eph/05/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/05/21.md +++ b/eph/05/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/05/22.md b/eph/05/22.md index bc3deb0d65..a211453409 100644 --- a/eph/05/22.md +++ b/eph/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Paul begins to explain how Christians are to submit themselves to one another ([Ephesians 5:21](../05/21.md)). He starts with instructions to wives and husbands on how they should act toward each other. - diff --git a/eph/05/23.md b/eph/05/23.md index 6ea01e6b73..9b0114cfa8 100644 --- a/eph/05/23.md +++ b/eph/05/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the head of the wife ... the head of the church The word "head" represents the leader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/24.md b/eph/05/24.md index a0045108a8..40084dac8c 100644 --- a/eph/05/24.md +++ b/eph/05/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Christ, so also wives to their husbands "Christ, so also must wives be subject to their husbands" or "Christ. In the same way, wives also must be subject to their husbands"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/25.md b/eph/05/25.md index 4092c3142a..b85096e7a6 100644 --- a/eph/05/25.md +++ b/eph/05/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # for her Paul speaks of the assembly of believers as though it were a woman whom Jesus will marry. Alternate translation: "for us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/26.md b/eph/05/26.md index 4ebeb5de61..53b551f177 100644 --- a/eph/05/26.md +++ b/eph/05/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of the assembly of believers as though it were a woman whom Jesus wi # having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word Possible meanings are 1) Paul is referring to God making Christ's people clean by God's word and through water baptism in Christ or 2) Paul speaks of God making us spiritually clean from our sins by the message as if God were making our bodies clean by washing them with water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/27.md b/eph/05/27.md index 7ca5177bd2..a147947b8a 100644 --- a/eph/05/27.md +++ b/eph/05/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of the church as though it were a garment that is clean and in good # holy and blameless The word "blameless" means basically the same thing as "holy." Paul uses the two together to emphasize the church's purity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/28.md b/eph/05/28.md index 02ec9d90b5..d6acd3040f 100644 --- a/eph/05/28.md +++ b/eph/05/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as their own bodies That people love their own bodies may be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "as husbands love their own bodies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/29.md b/eph/05/29.md index 64cfc9d1e0..17a9d88fd1 100644 --- a/eph/05/29.md +++ b/eph/05/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "flesh" here is a metonym for the body that is made of flesh. Alternate # but nourishes "but feeds" - diff --git a/eph/05/30.md b/eph/05/30.md index 6217fd8143..14ee66ebdf 100644 --- a/eph/05/30.md +++ b/eph/05/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we are members of his body Here Paul speaks of the close union of believers with Christ as if they were part of his own body, for which he would naturally care. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/05/31.md b/eph/05/31.md index 87ff27df71..84e0649417 100644 --- a/eph/05/31.md +++ b/eph/05/31.md @@ -2,4 +2,3 @@ The quotation is from the writings of Moses in the Old Testament. The words "his" and "himself" refer to a male believer who marries. - diff --git a/eph/05/32.md b/eph/05/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/05/32.md +++ b/eph/05/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/05/33.md b/eph/05/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/05/33.md +++ b/eph/05/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/05/intro.md b/eph/05/intro.md index 5f0deededa..dc5eefec0c 100644 --- a/eph/05/intro.md +++ b/eph/05/intro.md @@ -1,27 +1,27 @@ # Ephesians 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verse 14. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Darkness and Light +### Darkness and Light In this chapter Paul teaches how God's people should live. He uses the image of darkness to represent sin and the image of light to represent righteousness. -#### Christ and his church as a model for marriage +### Christ and his church as a model for marriage Paul teaches husbands and wives to relate to each other as Christ and the church relate to each other. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Wives, submit to your husbands -Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage. +### Wives, submit to your husbands + +Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage. ## Links: * __[Ephesians 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/eph/06/01.md b/eph/06/01.md index a4b25740b4..a2402c6bf6 100644 --- a/eph/06/01.md +++ b/eph/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to explain how Christians are to submit themselves to each other. # Children, obey your parents in the Lord "Children, as followers of the Lord, obey your parents" or "Children, it is your duty as Christians to obey your parents" - diff --git a/eph/06/02.md b/eph/06/02.md index cf7c8d66e8..5df8588567 100644 --- a/eph/06/02.md +++ b/eph/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here Paul quotes Moses. Moses was talking to the people of Israel as though they were one person, so "your" is singular. You may need to translate it as plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/03.md b/eph/06/03.md index c80b4e7fa9..47e93134ea 100644 --- a/eph/06/03.md +++ b/eph/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here Paul continues quoting Moses. Moses was talking to the people of Israel as though they were one person, so "you" is singular. You may need to translate it as plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/04.md b/eph/06/04.md index 22e784f2d8..13037e75fa 100644 --- a/eph/06/04.md +++ b/eph/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # raise them in the discipline and instruction of the Lord The abstract nouns "discipline" and "instruction" can be expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: "teach them to become adults by making sure that they know and do what the Lord wants them to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/05.md b/eph/06/05.md index 9f21c86ad5..267d0e1b6f 100644 --- a/eph/06/05.md +++ b/eph/06/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "trembling" is an exaggeration used to emphasize how important it is that s # in the honesty of your heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's mind or intentions. Alternate translation: "with honesty" or "with sincerity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/06.md b/eph/06/06.md index 2f7b941cd0..ac947295d7 100644 --- a/eph/06/06.md +++ b/eph/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Serve your earthly master as though your earthly master were Christ himself. # from your heart Here "heart" is a metonym for "thoughts" or "intentions." Alternate translation: "with sincerity" or "enthusiastically" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/07.md b/eph/06/07.md index a3fa98341e..d957b80049 100644 --- a/eph/06/07.md +++ b/eph/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Serve with all your heart Here "heart" is a metonym for "thoughts" or "inner being." Alternate translation: "Serve with all of your being" or "Be completely dedicated when you serve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/08.md b/eph/06/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/06/08.md +++ b/eph/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/06/09.md b/eph/06/09.md index 0a86295e03..cf204b2a6f 100644 --- a/eph/06/09.md +++ b/eph/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # there is no partiality with him "he judges everyone the same way" - diff --git a/eph/06/10.md b/eph/06/10.md index 59b6a3c3bb..eb715a8340 100644 --- a/eph/06/10.md +++ b/eph/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul gives instructions to make believers strong in this battle we live for God. # the strength of his might "his great power." See how "the strength of his power" is translated near the end of [Ephesians 1:21](../01/21.md). - diff --git a/eph/06/11.md b/eph/06/11.md index 4676f7f2d2..28971340a3 100644 --- a/eph/06/11.md +++ b/eph/06/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Christians should use all the resources God gives to stand firmly against the de # the scheming plans "the tricky plans" - diff --git a/eph/06/12.md b/eph/06/12.md index cc43429f5a..6373ed5096 100644 --- a/eph/06/12.md +++ b/eph/06/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This expression refers to people, not spirits who do not have human bodies. (See # against the powers over this present darkness Here it is implied that "the powers" refers to powerful spiritual beings. Here "darkness" is a metaphor for things that are evil. Alternate translation: "against the powerful spiritual beings that rule over people during this present evil time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/13.md b/eph/06/13.md index 91f3216e1f..e52328e50c 100644 --- a/eph/06/13.md +++ b/eph/06/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "stand" and "stand firm" represent successfully resisting or fighting # in the evil day Here the word "day" can refer to any short period of time, even a period longer than a day. Alternate translation: "at the evil time" or "when people do evil deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/14.md b/eph/06/14.md index 7b5ef0a4c9..75f1f50af3 100644 --- a/eph/06/14.md +++ b/eph/06/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ We are to know the truth and act in ways that please God. # the breastplate of righteousness Possible meanings are 1) the gift of righteousness covers a believer's heart just as a breastplate protects the chest of a soldier or 2) our living as God wants us gives us a clear conscience that protects our hearts the way a breastplate protects a soldier's chest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/15.md b/eph/06/15.md index c3531ee4cc..d02e9d0572 100644 --- a/eph/06/15.md +++ b/eph/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and, with your feet fitted with the readiness that comes from the gospel of peace Just as a soldier wears shoes to give him solid footing, the believer must have solid knowledge of the gospel of peace in order to be ready to proclaim it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/16.md b/eph/06/16.md index 3bffe70ba7..1336d2fa60 100644 --- a/eph/06/16.md +++ b/eph/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The believer must use the faith that God gives for protection when the devil att # the flaming arrows of the evil one The attacks of the devil against a believer are like flaming arrows shot at a soldier by an enemy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/17.md b/eph/06/17.md index c4136700a3..b5ecd9d4c8 100644 --- a/eph/06/17.md +++ b/eph/06/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Salvation given by God protects the believer's mind just as a helmet protects th # the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God The writer speaks of God's instructions to his people as if they were a sword that his people could use to fight an enemy, (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/18.md b/eph/06/18.md index 3c6c6e19c0..8cb640b0f9 100644 --- a/eph/06/18.md +++ b/eph/06/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # be watching with all perseverance as you offer prayers for all God's holy people "be watching, and even when it is difficult, keep praying for all the believers " - diff --git a/eph/06/19.md b/eph/06/19.md index 1398160114..92813896d3 100644 --- a/eph/06/19.md +++ b/eph/06/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God might give m # open my mouth This is a metonym for speaking. Alternate translation: "speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/20.md b/eph/06/20.md index 40c69ae174..18cd47bee4 100644 --- a/eph/06/20.md +++ b/eph/06/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "in chains" are a metonym for being in prison. Alternate translation: # so that I may declare it boldly, as I ought to speak The word "pray" is understood from verse 19. Alternate translation: "so pray that whenever I teach the gospel, I will speak it as boldly as I should" or "pray that I may speak the gospel as boldly as I should" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/21.md b/eph/06/21.md index e7b412b8d1..678a0bcfeb 100644 --- a/eph/06/21.md +++ b/eph/06/21.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ Tychicus was one of several men who served with Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # make everything known -"will tell you everything about me" \ No newline at end of file +"will tell you everything about me" diff --git a/eph/06/22.md b/eph/06/22.md index 978c078715..1e3f78ca88 100644 --- a/eph/06/22.md +++ b/eph/06/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that he may encourage your hearts Here "hearts" is a metonym for people's inner beings. Alternate translation: "so that he may encourage you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/eph/06/23.md b/eph/06/23.md index b664c6af5c..4bb2d9c657 100644 --- a/eph/06/23.md +++ b/eph/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Paul closes his letter to the Ephesian believers with a blessing of peace and grace on all believers who love Christ. - diff --git a/eph/06/24.md b/eph/06/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/eph/06/24.md +++ b/eph/06/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/eph/06/intro.md b/eph/06/intro.md index 93e557dd5c..8e296fde80 100644 --- a/eph/06/intro.md +++ b/eph/06/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Ephesians 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Slavery -#### Slavery Paul does not write in this chapter about whether slavery is good or bad. Paul teaches about working to please God whether as a slave or as a master. What Paul teaches here about slavery would have been surprising. In his time, masters were not expected to treat their slaves with respect and not threaten them. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Armor of God -#### Armor of God This extended metaphor describes how Christians can protect themselves when spiritually attacked. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ This extended metaphor describes how Christians can protect themselves when spir * __[Ephesians 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/eph/front/intro.md b/eph/front/intro.md index ebbcd41b39..76c7cf8fdd 100644 --- a/eph/front/intro.md +++ b/eph/front/intro.md @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ The Apostle Paul helped start the church in Ephesus on one of his trips. He also ### What is the Book of Ephesians about? Paul wrote this letter to the Christians in Ephesus to explain God's love for them in Christ Jesus. He described the blessings that God was giving them because they were now united with Christ. He explained that all believers are united together, whether Jew or Gentile. Paul also wanted to encourage them to live in a way that pleases God. - + ### How should the title of this book be translated? Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "Ephesians." Or they may choose a clearer title, such as "Paul's Letter to the Church in Ephesus" or "A Letter to the Christians in Ephesus." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "Ephesians." ### What was the "hidden truth" in the Book of Ephesians? -The expression translated in the ULB as "hidden truth" or "hidden" occurs six times. By it Paul always meant something that God had to reveal to human beings because they could not know it on their own. It always referred to something about how God planned to save mankind. Sometimes it was about his plan to cause peace between himself and mankind. Sometimes it was about his plan to unite Jews and Gentiles through Christ. Gentiles are now able to benefit from the promises of Christ as equals with the Jews. +The expression translated in the ULB as "hidden truth" or "hidden" occurs six times. By it Paul always meant something that God had to reveal to human beings because they could not know it on their own. It always referred to something about how God planned to save mankind. Sometimes it was about his plan to cause peace between himself and mankind. Sometimes it was about his plan to unite Jews and Gentiles through Christ. Gentiles are now able to benefit from the promises of Christ as equals with the Jews. ### What did Paul say about salvation and righteous living? -Paul said much about salvation and righteous living in this letter and in many of his letters. He said that God has been very kind and saved Christians because they believe in Jesus. Therefore, after they become Christians, they should live in a righteous way to show that they have faith in Christ. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) +Paul said much about salvation and righteous living in this letter and in many of his letters. He said that God has been very kind and saved Christians because they believe in Jesus. Therefore, after they become Christians, they should live in a righteous way to show that they have faith in Christ. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues @@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ In this book, the word "I" refers to Paul. The word "you" is almost always plura When Paul spoke of the "new self" or the "new man," he meant the new nature that a believer receives from the Holy Spirit. This new nature was created in God's image (See: 4:24). The phrase "new man" is also used for God causing peace between Jews and Gentiles. God brought them together as one people that belong to him (See: 2:15). - ### What did Paul mean by the expressions "in Christ," "in the Lord," and others like them? This kind of expression occurs in 1:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 20; 2:6, 7, 10, 13, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22; 3:5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 21; 4:1, 17, 21, 32; 5:8, 18, 19; 6:1, 10, 18, 21. Paul used these phrases to express the idea of a very close union between Jesus Christ and believers--that believers belong to Christ. Belonging to Christ means the believer is saved and is made a friend with God. @@ -59,8 +58,7 @@ These phrases also have specific meanings that depend on how Paul used them in a ### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of Ephesians? -* "in Ephesus" (1:1). Some early manuscripts do not include this expression, but it is probably in the original letter. The ULB, UDB, and many modern versions include it. -* "because we are members of his body" (5:30). Most modern versions, including the ULB, read in this way. Some older translations read, "because we are members of his body and of his bones." Translators might decide to choose the second reading if other versions in their area have it that way. If translators choose the second reading, they should put the additional words inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that they are probably not original to the Book of Ephesians. +* "in Ephesus" (1:1). Some early manuscripts do not include this expression, but it is probably in the original letter. The ULB, UDB, and many modern versions include it. +* "because we are members of his body" (5:30). Most modern versions, including the ULB, read in this way. Some older translations read, "because we are members of his body and of his bones." Translators might decide to choose the second reading if other versions in their area have it that way. If translators choose the second reading, they should put the additional words inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that they are probably not original to the Book of Ephesians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/est/01/01.md b/est/01/01.md index 5cb5825551..1bcd238024 100644 --- a/est/01/01.md +++ b/est/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is background information to help the reader identify Xerxes. (See: [[rc:// # provinces A province is a large area into which some countries are divided for the purposes of government. - diff --git a/est/01/02.md b/est/01/02.md index fee42aab67..adf09829ea 100644 --- a/est/01/02.md +++ b/est/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a castle, stronghold or fortified city. # Susa This was a royal city of Persian kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/01/03.md b/est/01/03.md index c482878bc3..bee1fe06d2 100644 --- a/est/01/03.md +++ b/est/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The army This likely refers to the leaders of the army. Alternate translation: "The officers of the army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/est/01/04.md b/est/01/04.md index 3786761bfe..855f0fb10c 100644 --- a/est/01/04.md +++ b/est/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words have similar meaning and emphasize how great he was. Alternate trans # 180 days "one hundred and eighty days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/est/01/05.md b/est/01/05.md index ca8164a71c..693d7c5ce1 100644 --- a/est/01/05.md +++ b/est/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to a castle, stronghold or fortified city.See how you translated thi # Susa See how you translated the name of this place in [Esther 1:2](../01/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/01/06.md b/est/01/06.md index a130232525..20576a83b4 100644 --- a/est/01/06.md +++ b/est/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A "mosaic" consists of colored stones arranged in an attractive pattern. # porphyry This is a kind of red and purple rock that contained pieces of crystal. - diff --git a/est/01/07.md b/est/01/07.md index 31912632d3..0bc5aced4e 100644 --- a/est/01/07.md +++ b/est/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The guests drank wine # generosity "great willingness to give" - diff --git a/est/01/08.md b/est/01/08.md index 5f914b89bb..116d5f44a3 100644 --- a/est/01/08.md +++ b/est/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # king had given orders to all the officials of his palace to do according to the desire of each man This statement means that the king told his workers to give all the guests as much wine as they wanted. - diff --git a/est/01/09.md b/est/01/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/01/09.md +++ b/est/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/01/10.md b/est/01/10.md index a17a54322e..fe72546594 100644 --- a/est/01/10.md +++ b/est/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the seven officials who served before him This is background information to explain who these men were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/est/01/11.md b/est/01/11.md index 4adb65ebaa..6b1ee2e7a5 100644 --- a/est/01/11.md +++ b/est/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her features were stunning "she was very beautiful" - diff --git a/est/01/12.md b/est/01/12.md index 5dfed90159..ffc2fc13ba 100644 --- a/est/01/12.md +++ b/est/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the king's offic # his rage burned within him The intensity of the king's anger is spoken of as if it was a fire that burned inside him. Alternate translation: "his rage was as intense as a fire inside him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/01/13.md b/est/01/13.md index 6fc8cf23aa..e66ed0afae 100644 --- a/est/01/13.md +++ b/est/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for this was the king's procedure toward all who were expert in law and judgment This background information explains why the king called these men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/est/01/14.md b/est/01/14.md index 769be8f675..6adfc681b4 100644 --- a/est/01/14.md +++ b/est/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Karshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memukan These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/01/15.md b/est/01/15.md index 69c564b775..79d6587e77 100644 --- a/est/01/15.md +++ b/est/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to state who asked this question. Alternate translation: The k # In compliance with the law "In observance of the law" or "In obedience to the law" - diff --git a/est/01/16.md b/est/01/16.md index e9f6fcaa77..ce9eef4099 100644 --- a/est/01/16.md +++ b/est/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are exaggerations to emphasize the damage that the queen's refusal caused. # provinces a large area into which some countries are divided for the purposes of government. See how you translated this in [Esther 1:1](../01/01.md). - diff --git a/est/01/17.md b/est/01/17.md index 472a9f7e9b..44883f2476 100644 --- a/est/01/17.md +++ b/est/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all women This is an exaggeration to emphasize the damage that the queen's refusal caused. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/est/01/18.md b/est/01/18.md index 1612e64a47..2d29685a39 100644 --- a/est/01/18.md +++ b/est/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There will be much contempt and anger "They will be angry with their husbands and treat them with contempt" - diff --git a/est/01/19.md b/est/01/19.md index 44ab37272d..b775cf2c90 100644 --- a/est/01/19.md +++ b/est/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Meremoth speaks to the king in third person as a form of respect. Alternate tran # which cannot be repealed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which no one can change" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/01/20.md b/est/01/20.md index 88a9d87943..48e3cdd0d4 100644 --- a/est/01/20.md +++ b/est/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ very wide # from the greatest to the least significant This is a merism that refers to both extremes and everyone in between. This probably refers to the husbands, but it is possible that it refers to the wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/est/01/21.md b/est/01/21.md index 6fd7f965bd..03867861d3 100644 --- a/est/01/21.md +++ b/est/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Memukan Translate his name as in [Esther 1:14](../01/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/01/22.md b/est/01/22.md index 07e20f76b8..73702c9784 100644 --- a/est/01/22.md +++ b/est/01/22.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # He sent out letters -You may need to use a word for written instructions that is more general than "letter" so that the reader does not think that these documents were about only personal matters. +You may need to use a word for written instructions that is more general than "letter" so that the reader does not think that these documents were about only personal matters. # province @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A province is a large area into which some countries are divided for the purpose # This decree was given This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They wrote this decree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/01/intro.md b/est/01/intro.md index 056608d5bd..737b73cc85 100644 --- a/est/01/intro.md +++ b/est/01/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Esther 01 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The king's divorce +### The king's divorce The king's advisers were afraid that husbands would lose their authority when they heard the queen had refused to come to show her beauty to the king's guests; so the advisers told him to divorce her. @@ -10,4 +10,3 @@ The king's advisers were afraid that husbands would lose their authority when th * __[Esther 01:01 Notes](./01.md)__ * __[Esther intro](../front/intro.md)| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/est/02/01.md b/est/02/01.md index 5dda2c5347..d20e7ed3bb 100644 --- a/est/02/01.md +++ b/est/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This introduces a new event that happened a while later. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # the decree This is refers to the decree in [Esther 1:19-20](../01/19.md). - diff --git a/est/02/02.md b/est/02/02.md index ffd7d1b654..6fe18cb825 100644 --- a/est/02/02.md +++ b/est/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Tell your servants to # on the king's behalf The men speak to the king in the third person as a sign of respect. Alternate translation: "on your behalf" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/est/02/03.md b/est/02/03.md index 2599712819..278b4b8f0a 100644 --- a/est/02/03.md +++ b/est/02/03.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # their cosmetics A "cosmetic" is a substance such as a cream, lotion, or powder that women usually put on their face or body to improve their appearance. - diff --git a/est/02/04.md b/est/02/04.md index 24db273a4a..489bd548ee 100644 --- a/est/02/04.md +++ b/est/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pleases the king The servants spoke to the king in third person as a sign of respect. Alternate translation: "pleases you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/est/02/05.md b/est/02/05.md index 274a1d3447..f7ae593f44 100644 --- a/est/02/05.md +++ b/est/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this city as in [Esther 1:2](../01/02.md). (See: [[rc://en # a Benjamite "of the tribe of Benjamin" - diff --git a/est/02/06.md b/est/02/06.md index f53d3fdc82..823f12a634 100644 --- a/est/02/06.md +++ b/est/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Hebrew text leaves unclear who is being spoken of here. It is perhaps Kish, # Jehoiachin, king of Judah (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/02/07.md b/est/02/07.md index c11fbbd42e..831a1b042f 100644 --- a/est/02/07.md +++ b/est/02/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is Esther's Hebrew name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # took her as his own daughter "cared for her as if she was his own daughter" - diff --git a/est/02/08.md b/est/02/08.md index 51cd2191ed..99d2b42865 100644 --- a/est/02/08.md +++ b/est/02/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Hegai, the overseer o # palace See how you translated this in [Esther 1:5](../01/05.md). - diff --git a/est/02/09.md b/est/02/09.md index 1c6b943e7e..221daa6acf 100644 --- a/est/02/09.md +++ b/est/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how much she pleased him. Al # The young girl "Esther" - diff --git a/est/02/10.md b/est/02/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/02/10.md +++ b/est/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/02/11.md b/est/02/11.md index 9dc4ce3a81..93679223d5 100644 --- a/est/02/11.md +++ b/est/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about Esther's welfare "how Esther was doing" or "about Esther's well-being" - diff --git a/est/02/12.md b/est/02/12.md index 72bb22e97a..22970c7446 100644 --- a/est/02/12.md +++ b/est/02/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is information that gives background information to the other background ma # beauty treatments Things done to make the girls look more beautiful and smell good. - diff --git a/est/02/13.md b/est/02/13.md index ed86e25be3..b67c96c3ed 100644 --- a/est/02/13.md +++ b/est/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "she could take whatev # palace See how you translated this in [Esther 1:5](../01/05.md). - diff --git a/est/02/14.md b/est/02/14.md index 6934c32554..3ee8fdcedf 100644 --- a/est/02/14.md +++ b/est/02/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It is implied that this is the following morning. This information can be made c # Shaashgaz This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/02/15.md b/est/02/15.md index a2e7548448..425f6f1b31 100644 --- a/est/02/15.md +++ b/est/02/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Esther 2:3](../02/03.md). (See: [[rc: # received the favor of all This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "pleased all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/est/02/16.md b/est/02/16.md index 5b2a2949de..6ac1641ca4 100644 --- a/est/02/16.md +++ b/est/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # seventh year "year number 7" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/est/02/17.md b/est/02/17.md index c8d68480c9..972533fc53 100644 --- a/est/02/17.md +++ b/est/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "favor" and "kindness" here are probably a doublet or hendiadys that e # set the royal crown on her head The king did this to show that he was making her his queen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/est/02/18.md b/est/02/18.md index 7ec2a0160f..3e88aef6e5 100644 --- a/est/02/18.md +++ b/est/02/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A province is a large area into which some countries are divided for the purpose # royal generosity "generosity that only a king can give" - diff --git a/est/02/19.md b/est/02/19.md index ad3d8b6ab8..d02ede37e8 100644 --- a/est/02/19.md +++ b/est/02/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Mordecai sat there so he could hear how Esther was doin # the king's gate "the gate to the king's palace" - diff --git a/est/02/20.md b/est/02/20.md index 4785593fda..09716898e6 100644 --- a/est/02/20.md +++ b/est/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as Mordecai had instructed her Mordecai told her not to tell anyone about her family. - diff --git a/est/02/21.md b/est/02/21.md index dc1ba70511..38caab44f6 100644 --- a/est/02/21.md +++ b/est/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This introduces a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-new # Bigthana and Teresh These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/02/22.md b/est/02/22.md index 4feb0494d1..2220efa640 100644 --- a/est/02/22.md +++ b/est/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When Mordecai learned # in the name of Mordecai This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "on behalf of Mordecai" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/est/02/23.md b/est/02/23.md index ac52eb130a..a7ce598d4b 100644 --- a/est/02/23.md +++ b/est/02/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They recorded this ac # the book of the events of his reign "the royal history" or "the royal chronicles" - diff --git a/est/02/intro.md b/est/02/intro.md index b807cb6250..2133783bd2 100644 --- a/est/02/intro.md +++ b/est/02/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Esther 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Esther becomes queen +### Esther becomes queen -Esther was humble and took the advice of the royal officials about how to dress for her time with the king. The king chose Esther to be the new queen. +Esther was humble and took the advice of the royal officials about how to dress for her time with the king. The king chose Esther to be the new queen. -#### Mordecai warns the king against a plot +### Mordecai warns the king against a plot Esther's cousin, Mordecai, discovered that two men planned to kill the king. He told Esther, who then told the king. She also gave Mordecai credit for telling her. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Esther's cousin, Mordecai, discovered that two men planned to kill the king. He * __[Esther 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/est/03/01.md b/est/03/01.md index 167321c7a7..45ca077dd9 100644 --- a/est/03/01.md +++ b/est/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name and description of Haman, one of the king's officials. (See: [[ # placed his seat of authority above all the officials who were with him Here "seat of authority" represents his position or status in the government. Alternate translation: "promoted him above the other officials" or "gave him more authority than all the other officials" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/est/03/02.md b/est/03/02.md index 0af8ce22bf..48cf81ef98 100644 --- a/est/03/02.md +++ b/est/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These acts represent submission to the authority of Haman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # bowing down to Haman "humbling themselves and lying flat on the ground before Haman" - diff --git a/est/03/03.md b/est/03/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/03/03.md +++ b/est/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/03/04.md b/est/03/04.md index 1fb4c37f8d..43aab4efd5 100644 --- a/est/03/04.md +++ b/est/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to see if the matter about Mordecai would remain like that "to find out what Haman would do about Mordecai's actions" - diff --git a/est/03/05.md b/est/03/05.md index 884de28c93..18a6a91c52 100644 --- a/est/03/05.md +++ b/est/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Mordecai showed disrespect for Haman's status in the government by not doing the # Haman was filled with rage Here Haman's rage is spoken of as something that could fill him up. Alternate translation: "Haman became very angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/03/06.md b/est/03/06.md index b971cd04af..82ae2e3163 100644 --- a/est/03/06.md +++ b/est/03/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # exterminate all the Jews "get rid of all the Jews" or "kill all the Jews" - diff --git a/est/03/07.md b/est/03/07.md index 6db01b3156..734ddca18a 100644 --- a/est/03/07.md +++ b/est/03/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ # the month of Adar "Adar" is the name of the twelfth and last month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of February and the first part of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/03/08.md b/est/03/08.md index 37959b3650..de461bb22a 100644 --- a/est/03/08.md +++ b/est/03/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Haman speaks to the king in the third person as a sign of respect. Alternate tra # it is not suitable for the king to let them stay "the king should not let them remain." This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "the king should remove them" - diff --git a/est/03/09.md b/est/03/09.md index 9f5b02e455..d24df00da2 100644 --- a/est/03/09.md +++ b/est/03/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hands" stands for the men. To "weigh out" is an idiom that means to pay th # ten thousand talents of silver "330 metric tons of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/est/03/10.md b/est/03/10.md index e16f314fb5..b9d2631d74 100644 --- a/est/03/10.md +++ b/est/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # signet ring a special ring that could be used to imprint the king's official seal on a proclamation - diff --git a/est/03/11.md b/est/03/11.md index 0aa2c41009..48b739e627 100644 --- a/est/03/11.md +++ b/est/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will see that the money is given back to you The meaning of this phrase is not clear. Possible meanings are 1) "I will return the money to you" or 2) "Take the money and give it to the men just as you have said." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/03/12.md b/est/03/12.md index 4b4f5ca949..e8d923890f 100644 --- a/est/03/12.md +++ b/est/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They wrote the decree # in the name of Here "name" represents the authority of the king. Alternate translation: "in the authority of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/est/03/13.md b/est/03/13.md index 074036530c..7be063a6cb 100644 --- a/est/03/13.md +++ b/est/03/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These words mean the same thing and emphasize the completeness of the destructio # plunder steal by force - diff --git a/est/03/14.md b/est/03/14.md index 09bc59cdbc..2829fecb85 100644 --- a/est/03/14.md +++ b/est/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They told all the peo # this day "that day" - diff --git a/est/03/15.md b/est/03/15.md index ff75ac6dd7..8e7dfffda3 100644 --- a/est/03/15.md +++ b/est/03/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a castle, stronghold or fortified city. See how you translated th # Susa See how you translated the name of this place in [Esther 1:2](../01/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/03/intro.md b/est/03/intro.md index a4ea8c09cb..b5c8744684 100644 --- a/est/03/intro.md +++ b/est/03/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Esther 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Haman plots against the Jews +### Haman plots against the Jews Mordecai considered prostrating himself before Haman. This would be considered to be worship. It was wrong to worship someone other than Yahweh. Because of this, he refused to do it on religious grounds. This made Haman angry so he decided to kill all the Jews in the Persian Empire. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Mordecai considered prostrating himself before Haman. This would be considered t * __[Esther 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/est/04/01.md b/est/04/01.md index a260167ad3..3c7ae08105 100644 --- a/est/04/01.md +++ b/est/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # tore his clothes and put on sackcloth and ashes These acts are signs of severe sadness. Alternate translation: "tore his clothes and put on sackcloth and ashes to show his grief" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/est/04/02.md b/est/04/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/04/02.md +++ b/est/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/04/03.md b/est/04/03.md index 7baf08081a..13e6c61cd8 100644 --- a/est/04/03.md +++ b/est/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A province is a large area into which some countries are divided for the purpose # Many of them lay in sackcloth and ashes Possible meanings are 1) they put sackcloth and ashes on the ground and lay down on them or 2) they wore sackcloth and lay down on ashes. - diff --git a/est/04/04.md b/est/04/04.md index 2d432c05c8..92c798e100 100644 --- a/est/04/04.md +++ b/est/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to clothe Mordecai "for Mordecai to wear" - diff --git a/est/04/05.md b/est/04/05.md index f57cb8c223..d4738fa1ba 100644 --- a/est/04/05.md +++ b/est/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # one of the king's officials who had been assigned to serve her This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "one of the officials whom the king had assigned to serve her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/04/06.md b/est/04/06.md index 25ac7a3847..987331e1d5 100644 --- a/est/04/06.md +++ b/est/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Esther 4:5](../04/05.md). (See: [[rc: # the city square "the city plaza" - diff --git a/est/04/07.md b/est/04/07.md index 494037b840..e11fcf4eaf 100644 --- a/est/04/07.md +++ b/est/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Haman See how you translated this man's name in [Esther 3:1](../03/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/04/08.md b/est/04/08.md index 4b5e533a36..75f76ca31a 100644 --- a/est/04/08.md +++ b/est/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to beg for his favor "to beg for the king's favor" - diff --git a/est/04/09.md b/est/04/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/04/09.md +++ b/est/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/04/10.md b/est/04/10.md index b99a176841..5cd07db6aa 100644 --- a/est/04/10.md +++ b/est/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ordered him or "instructed him" - diff --git a/est/04/11.md b/est/04/11.md index 40a1fbcd8d..ea27011d2c 100644 --- a/est/04/11.md +++ b/est/04/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "without the king s # thirty days "30 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/est/04/12.md b/est/04/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/04/12.md +++ b/est/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/04/13.md b/est/04/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/04/13.md +++ b/est/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/04/14.md b/est/04/14.md index 23a7616f34..cd2d2e5b32 100644 --- a/est/04/14.md +++ b/est/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "relief" and "rescue" are spoken of as if they are living things that can r # Who knows whether you have come to this royal position for such a time as this? The purpose of this question is to have Esther think deeply about her role in this situation. Alternate translation: "Who knows, perhaps it was for just for a time like this that you were made queen." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/est/04/15.md b/est/04/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/04/15.md +++ b/est/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/04/16.md b/est/04/16.md index cee0c4494c..61e09be3d6 100644 --- a/est/04/16.md +++ b/est/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Fasting was a symbolic act that the Jews did when they were praying intensely. T # three days "3 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/est/04/17.md b/est/04/17.md index b99a176841..5cd07db6aa 100644 --- a/est/04/17.md +++ b/est/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ordered him or "instructed him" - diff --git a/est/04/intro.md b/est/04/intro.md index 33a8f24249..e4bb72a0a4 100644 --- a/est/04/intro.md +++ b/est/04/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Esther 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Mordecai warns Esther to act +### Mordecai warns Esther to act -Mordecai tells Esther she must beg the king for the Jews' lives, even if she risks her own death. +Mordecai tells Esther she must beg the king for the Jews' lives, even if she risks her own death. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Implicit information +### Implicit information There is implicit information translators may not understand. "Who knows whether you have come to this royal position for such a time as this?" This means "maybe God made you the queen so you could save the Jews." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ There is implicit information translators may not understand. "Who knows whether * __[Esther 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/est/05/01.md b/est/05/01.md index 1d2fb2951e..797c09f729 100644 --- a/est/05/01.md +++ b/est/05/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # facing the entrance to the house "across the room from the entrance of the house" or "looking toward the entrance to the house" - diff --git a/est/05/02.md b/est/05/02.md index 4a0cfabf95..6deea22b47 100644 --- a/est/05/02.md +++ b/est/05/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He did this to show that he he was pleased with her. # touched the tip of the scepter She probably did this to to show that she respected his authority and was thankful for his kindness to her. - diff --git a/est/05/03.md b/est/05/03.md index 7d7467df85..8b3aee47b4 100644 --- a/est/05/03.md +++ b/est/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Up to half of my kingdom, it will be given to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If you ask for up to half of my kingdom, I will give it to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/05/04.md b/est/05/04.md index ea540795d8..7c0a981bf2 100644 --- a/est/05/04.md +++ b/est/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In order to show respect to a king, people sometimes did not call him "you." Thi # Haman See how you translated this man's name in [Esther 3:1](../03/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/05/05.md b/est/05/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/05/05.md +++ b/est/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/05/06.md b/est/05/06.md index 93b563349a..e778bd05c2 100644 --- a/est/05/06.md +++ b/est/05/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "request" can be expressed with the verb "ask for" or "want"? # Up to half of the kingdom, it will be granted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If you ask for up to half of my kingdom, I will give it to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/05/07.md b/est/05/07.md index 6ed2403888..68ed6c0501 100644 --- a/est/05/07.md +++ b/est/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My petition and my request The words "petition" and "request" mean the same thing. She probably used these words together as a way of speaking very formally and respectfully to the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/est/05/08.md b/est/05/08.md index efb0b07343..4d37d99700 100644 --- a/est/05/08.md +++ b/est/05/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated with the word "you" along with other words that show resp # I will answer the king's question This can be translated with the word "you" along with other words that show respect. Alternate translation: "I will answer your question" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/est/05/09.md b/est/05/09.md index b952d9232a..94432980b7 100644 --- a/est/05/09.md +++ b/est/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Rising was a sign of respect. Mordecai did not give Haman special respect. (See: # he was filled with rage Being "filled with rage" represents being very angry. Alternate translation: he was extremely angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/05/10.md b/est/05/10.md index f8ef1288a2..e2b1ee826f 100644 --- a/est/05/10.md +++ b/est/05/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Restraining himself represents refusing to do something that he wanted very much # Zeresh This is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/05/11.md b/est/05/11.md index 5a071a7bdd..6319539c14 100644 --- a/est/05/11.md +++ b/est/05/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "promotion" can be expressed with the verb "promote." It means # how he had advanced above all the officials and the servants of the king Advancing above people represents becoming more important than them. Alternate translation: "how he had become more important than all the officials and the servants of the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/05/12.md b/est/05/12.md index fb3373158d..f9190e2071 100644 --- a/est/05/12.md +++ b/est/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no one else but me This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "only me" - diff --git a/est/05/13.md b/est/05/13.md index 9d404d5f63..a4a477b90d 100644 --- a/est/05/13.md +++ b/est/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is worth nothing to me "does not make me happy" or "does not satisfy me" - diff --git a/est/05/14.md b/est/05/14.md index b0e4908acf..7e5768e36b 100644 --- a/est/05/14.md +++ b/est/05/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a structure used for killing a person by tying one end of a a rope around the to # This pleased Haman "Haman liked this idea" - diff --git a/est/05/intro.md b/est/05/intro.md index 9420607bd7..6f52b822b2 100644 --- a/est/05/intro.md +++ b/est/05/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Esther 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins a section about Haman's fall (Chapters 5-7). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Esther's respect -#### Esther's respect Esther approached the king with the utmost of respect. By doing this, her character became respected by the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Esther approached the king with the utmost of respect. By doing this, her charac * __[Esther 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/est/06/01.md b/est/06/01.md index 0f55853d44..edb409a813 100644 --- a/est/06/01.md +++ b/est/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the book of the records of the events of his reign "the records of his reign" or "the royal record book" - diff --git a/est/06/02.md b/est/06/02.md index cef90a3460..839eca5327 100644 --- a/est/06/02.md +++ b/est/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of two men. See how your translated their names in [Esther 2 # It was found recorded there Here "found" is an metaphor for learning. Both "found" and "recorded" can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "They found that the writers had recorded there" or "They learned that the writers had written" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/06/03.md b/est/06/03.md index cd7e0f800c..ca85a90bea 100644 --- a/est/06/03.md +++ b/est/06/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "What did I do to g # Nothing was done for him This can be expressed in active form. However it may be good to find a way that does not give the impression that servants were accusing the king. Alternate translation: "No one did anything for Mordecai" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/06/04.md b/est/06/04.md index fa6c62ead9..673fd231c9 100644 --- a/est/06/04.md +++ b/est/06/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The gallows was a structure that was used to kill people by hanging them from it # set up "built" - diff --git a/est/06/05.md b/est/06/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/06/05.md +++ b/est/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/06/06.md b/est/06/06.md index 00dc556831..a0017f7551 100644 --- a/est/06/06.md +++ b/est/06/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The heart represents the thoughts and attitudes. Alternate translation: "thought # Whom would the king take pleasure in honoring more than me? This can be expressed as a statement. "Surely there is no one whom the king would take pleasure in honoring more than me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/est/06/07.md b/est/06/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/06/07.md +++ b/est/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/06/08.md b/est/06/08.md index 3c78407a3c..da77793d63 100644 --- a/est/06/08.md +++ b/est/06/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "let someone bring roy # on whose head is the royal crest The word "whose" refers to the horse. The royal crest is a special symbol that represents the king's family. - diff --git a/est/06/09.md b/est/06/09.md index 5fc75cc030..8185a510d1 100644 --- a/est/06/09.md +++ b/est/06/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If your language has a special word for putting someone into especially beautifu # Let them proclaim "Tell the noble official and servants to proclaim" - diff --git a/est/06/10.md b/est/06/10.md index 5b050e8da2..f8b6153422 100644 --- a/est/06/10.md +++ b/est/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not fail in a single matter of what you have said The phrase "a single matter" emphasizes that he must do absolutely everything he said. It can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "Be sure to do absolutely everything you have said" - diff --git a/est/06/11.md b/est/06/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/06/11.md +++ b/est/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/06/12.md b/est/06/12.md index 4d862fd4e5..0d70c35461 100644 --- a/est/06/12.md +++ b/est/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with his head covered People often covered their head to show that they were either extremely sad or ashamed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/est/06/13.md b/est/06/13.md index 608756f116..e192438aa7 100644 --- a/est/06/13.md +++ b/est/06/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They spoke as if Haman and Mordecai were in a battle, and Haman was beginning to # you will not overcome him "you will not win against him." They spoke as if Haman and Mordecai were in a battle. Here overcoming a person represents having greater honor than that person. Alternate translation: "you will not have greater honor than he has" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/06/14.md b/est/06/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/06/14.md +++ b/est/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/06/intro.md b/est/06/intro.md index be8dbeee9e..c314f863a9 100644 --- a/est/06/intro.md +++ b/est/06/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Esther 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter continues the story of Haman's fall. +This chapter continues the story of Haman's fall. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Approaching the king -It was not possible for a person to easily approach the king. Normally, access to him was very limited. There are several events in this chapter which show the layers of protection surrounding the king. +### Approaching the king + +It was not possible for a person to easily approach the king. Normally, access to him was very limited. There are several events in this chapter which show the layers of protection surrounding the king. ## Links: * __[Esther 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/est/07/01.md b/est/07/01.md index 494037b840..e11fcf4eaf 100644 --- a/est/07/01.md +++ b/est/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Haman See how you translated this man's name in [Esther 3:1](../03/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/07/02.md b/est/07/02.md index 64ce24dfb3..cb4fc4d147 100644 --- a/est/07/02.md +++ b/est/07/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will give you what # Up to half of the kingdom, and it will be granted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If you ask for up to half of my kingdom, I will give it to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/07/03.md b/est/07/03.md index ae2084de4e..833756d0a0 100644 --- a/est/07/03.md +++ b/est/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this is my petition The abstract noun "petition" can be expressed with the verb "ask for." Alternate translation: "this is what I ask for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/est/07/04.md b/est/07/04.md index 66f0fbdea6..962e995081 100644 --- a/est/07/04.md +++ b/est/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The metaphor "being sold" represents being betrayed. This can be stated in activ # to be destroyed, killed, and annihilated Here all three words have the same meaning and are used for emphasis. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for our enemies to destroy, kill, and annihilate us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/07/05.md b/est/07/05.md index 23022f0b8b..5664157a4b 100644 --- a/est/07/05.md +++ b/est/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Where is this person to be found who has filled his heart to do such a thing To fill one's heart to do something is an idiom meaning to dare to do something. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Where is the one who has dared to so such a thing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/est/07/06.md b/est/07/06.md index e805506f0f..2d8ec8456a 100644 --- a/est/07/06.md +++ b/est/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # was terrified "was extremely afraid" - diff --git a/est/07/07.md b/est/07/07.md index e6bad15986..027e099488 100644 --- a/est/07/07.md +++ b/est/07/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here seeing represents realizing or understanding. Alternate translation: "He re # disaster was being decided against him by the king This can be stated in active form. The abstract noun "disaster" can be expressed with the more concrete verbs "destroy" or "kill." Alternate translation: "the king was deciding to cause a disaster against him" or "the king was deciding to destroy him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/est/07/08.md b/est/07/08.md index 2621ed48a1..42a5b0e5f9 100644 --- a/est/07/08.md +++ b/est/07/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Speech coming out of the mouth is a metonym that represents speaking. Alternate # the servants covered Haman's face Apparently they did this because they understood that the king wanted Haman to be killed. Alternate translation: "the servants covered Haman's face as a sign that he would be killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/est/07/09.md b/est/07/09.md index da7d5c3e18..fc68fecf4f 100644 --- a/est/07/09.md +++ b/est/07/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # A gallows fifty cubits tall You may convert "fifty cubits" to a modern measure. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Esther 5:14](../05/14.md). Alternate translation: "A gallows twenty-three meters high" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/est/07/10.md b/est/07/10.md index e8d5f265e4..f9ced1b1c9 100644 --- a/est/07/10.md +++ b/est/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then the king's rage died down The king's rage is a spoken of as if it were a large fire that became smaller. Alternate translation: "Then the king's rage lessened" or "Then the king was not so angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/07/intro.md b/est/07/intro.md index e5e624567b..fb8d493daa 100644 --- a/est/07/intro.md +++ b/est/07/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Esther 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of Haman's fall concludes in this chapter. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Covering Haman's face +### Covering Haman's face When "the servants covered Haman's face," they were showing that he had been condemned to be executed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/condemn]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ When "the servants covered Haman's face," they were showing that he had been con * __[Esther 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/est/08/01.md b/est/08/01.md index b6e62bd469..8dff4e79fc 100644 --- a/est/08/01.md +++ b/est/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Haman See how you translated this man's name in [Esther 3:1](../03/01.md). - diff --git a/est/08/02.md b/est/08/02.md index 6d9de09062..2d96dd4a09 100644 --- a/est/08/02.md +++ b/est/08/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ By giving his signet ring to Mordecai, the king gave Mordecai the authority to w # Haman's estate This refers to the things that had belonged to Haman and that the king had given to Esther. - diff --git a/est/08/03.md b/est/08/03.md index 1821503c2c..dd04571b33 100644 --- a/est/08/03.md +++ b/est/08/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Esther 3:1](../03/01.md) # scheme that he had devised "the plot that he had invented" or "the plot that Haman invented" - diff --git a/est/08/04.md b/est/08/04.md index 0b2d207e81..3cb6d50344 100644 --- a/est/08/04.md +++ b/est/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the king held out the golden scepter to Esther He did this to show that he was pleased with her. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Esther 5:2](../05/02.md) - diff --git a/est/08/05.md b/est/08/05.md index 25848ad28c..f626945f6a 100644 --- a/est/08/05.md +++ b/est/08/05.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # provinces A province is a large area into which some countries are divided for the purposes of government. See how you translated this in [Esther 1:1](../01/01.md). - diff --git a/est/08/06.md b/est/08/06.md index e1b1c642d8..b5239ae3e8 100644 --- a/est/08/06.md +++ b/est/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For how could I bear to see disaster fall on my people? How could I endure watching the destruction of my relatives? Esther used these questions to show that that she would be extremely sad if her people were to be destroyed. Alternate translation: "I cannot bear to see disaster fall on the Jews. I cannot endure watching my relatives be killed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/est/08/07.md b/est/08/07.md index 3d470de65e..88860e070f 100644 --- a/est/08/07.md +++ b/est/08/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents all that Haman had owned. Alternate translation: "all that had b # gallows See how you translated this in [Esther 6:4](../06/04.md) - diff --git a/est/08/08.md b/est/08/08.md index 8a22aaebde..bbd8028c22 100644 --- a/est/08/08.md +++ b/est/08/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The information given between the words "decree" and "cannot" is the reason that # decree that has already been written in the king's name Writing something in the king's name represents writing it with his authority, or writing it as his representative. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/est/08/09.md b/est/08/09.md index 964eef6a2b..126f80deff 100644 --- a/est/08/09.md +++ b/est/08/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A province is a large area into which some countries are divided for the purpose # written in their own writing "written in their own script." There are different writing systems around the world. - diff --git a/est/08/10.md b/est/08/10.md index f55dcc39c8..c23adefa4d 100644 --- a/est/08/10.md +++ b/est/08/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ people who carry messages # bred from the royal stud The royal stud was the king's best male horse. The horses that were used in the king's service were its offspring. Alternate translation: "the offspring of the king's best horse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/est/08/11.md b/est/08/11.md index 1fe5ba571f..2d3affc7ce 100644 --- a/est/08/11.md +++ b/est/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # make a stand This is a metaphor for fighting back and not running away. Alternate translation: "fight back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/08/12.md b/est/08/12.md index 8e1f35931b..e05cd116ee 100644 --- a/est/08/12.md +++ b/est/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar See how you translated this in [Esther 3:13](../03/13.md) - diff --git a/est/08/13.md b/est/08/13.md index cc310e480b..ba6d0a809f 100644 --- a/est/08/13.md +++ b/est/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to take vengeance on their enemies "To take vengeance on people" here is an idiom meaning to hurt people who have hurt you. Alternate translation: "to fight back against their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/est/08/14.md b/est/08/14.md index c5348eb167..b390b80ec3 100644 --- a/est/08/14.md +++ b/est/08/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Susa This is the city where the king's palace was. See how you translated it in [Esther 1:2](../01/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/08/15.md b/est/08/15.md index 0fcee8251c..b1a190cc10 100644 --- a/est/08/15.md +++ b/est/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "city" represents the people living in it. Alternate translation: "the peopl # shouted and rejoiced The word "rejoiced" tells how they shouted. Alternate translation: "shouted joyfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/est/08/16.md b/est/08/16.md index 6ca60f381f..c9b5ee78d1 100644 --- a/est/08/16.md +++ b/est/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) having light is a metaphor for being happy. Altern # honor Possible meanings are that 1) other people honored the Jews. Alternate translation: "other people honored them" or 2) the Jews felt honored. Alternate translation: "they felt honored" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/est/08/17.md b/est/08/17.md index 243dd03f5c..d8bb845e10 100644 --- a/est/08/17.md +++ b/est/08/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ day on which people celebrate special events # the fear of the Jews had fallen on them Fear falling on people represents people becoming very afraid. Alternate translation: "they had become very afraid of the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/08/intro.md b/est/08/intro.md index 225a0b760e..95b75db600 100644 --- a/est/08/intro.md +++ b/est/08/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Esther 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's protection -#### God's protection Yahweh is at work in this chapter preventing the Jews from possible destruction. God used Esther and Mordecai to protect their people. ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Yahweh is at work in this chapter preventing the Jews from possible destruction. * __[Esther 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/est/09/01.md b/est/09/01.md index ee81b22343..d2ebf2c7b1 100644 --- a/est/09/01.md +++ b/est/09/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Gaining power over people is an idiom for defeating them. Alternate translation: # it was reversed "the situation was reversed." The situation being reversed is a metaphor meaning that the opposite of what was expected happened. Alternate translation: "the opposite happened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/09/02.md b/est/09/02.md index bc99ac75cf..9542b9cf41 100644 --- a/est/09/02.md +++ b/est/09/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Standing against people represents resisting their attack. Alternate translation # the fear of them had fallen on all the peoples Fear falling on people represents people becoming very afraid. Alternate translation: "all the peoples had become very afraid of the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/09/03.md b/est/09/03.md index 8eec85bd22..c9c72c4cc8 100644 --- a/est/09/03.md +++ b/est/09/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the fear of Mordecai had fallen on them Fear falling on people represents people becoming afraid. Alternate translation: "they had become afraid of Mordecai" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/09/04.md b/est/09/04.md index 9ac6db6bc7..3fd723610c 100644 --- a/est/09/04.md +++ b/est/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his fame spread throughout all the provinces Fame spreading through places represents people in those places learning about how great he was. Alternate translation: "throughout the provinces people learned about how great he was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/09/05.md b/est/09/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/09/05.md +++ b/est/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/09/06.md b/est/09/06.md index ac15e73cdc..d743974288 100644 --- a/est/09/06.md +++ b/est/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a royal city of Persian kings. See how you translated this in [Esther 1 # five hundred men "500 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/est/09/07.md b/est/09/07.md index c18ccb41a7..dd1f664114 100644 --- a/est/09/07.md +++ b/est/09/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the beginning of the list of men that the Jews killed. The Hebrew words # Parshandatha, Dalphon, Aspatha These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/09/08.md b/est/09/08.md index b4d704cf39..0cf3eba7a6 100644 --- a/est/09/08.md +++ b/est/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The list of men that the Jews killed continues here. # Poratha, Adalia, Aridatha These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/09/09.md b/est/09/09.md index 02fae1eaa5..0b5a114959 100644 --- a/est/09/09.md +++ b/est/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The list of men that the Jews killed ends here. # Parmashta, Arisai, Aridai, Vaizatha These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/est/09/10.md b/est/09/10.md index f834bbf307..b5149d6b8c 100644 --- a/est/09/10.md +++ b/est/09/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Esther 3:1](../03/01.md). (See: [[rc: # the enemy of the Jews This phrase tells us about Haman. - diff --git a/est/09/11.md b/est/09/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/09/11.md +++ b/est/09/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/09/12.md b/est/09/12.md index 03792d0a72..bbdfedce02 100644 --- a/est/09/12.md +++ b/est/09/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "I will give you wh # What is your request? The abstract noun "request" can be expressed with the verb "ask for" or "want." Alternate translation: "What do you ask for?" or "What do you want?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/est/09/13.md b/est/09/13.md index 502280e910..45a110de40 100644 --- a/est/09/13.md +++ b/est/09/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # gallows This was a structure used for killing people by tying one end of a rope around the top of the structure and the other end of the rope around their necks and hanging them from it. See how you translated this in [Esther 2:23](../02/23.md). Alternate translation: "a frame for hanging people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/est/09/14.md b/est/09/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/09/14.md +++ b/est/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/09/15.md b/est/09/15.md index 503f02add9..58672ef2eb 100644 --- a/est/09/15.md +++ b/est/09/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated a similar phrase in [Esther 3:13](../03/13.md). # laid no hands on the plunder Laying their hands on things represents taking them. Alternate translation: "took none of the plunder" or "did not take any of the plunder" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/est/09/16.md b/est/09/16.md index c996c903de..690c9e530f 100644 --- a/est/09/16.md +++ b/est/09/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Laying their hands on things represents taking them. Alternate translation: "the # valuables "valuable things" or "possessions" - diff --git a/est/09/17.md b/est/09/17.md index 293fa65082..8681cf91fa 100644 --- a/est/09/17.md +++ b/est/09/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated a similar phrase in [Esther 3:13](../03/13.md). # On the fourteenth day they rested "On the fourteenth day of Adar the Jews who were in the provinces rested" - diff --git a/est/09/18.md b/est/09/18.md index b9a4c38000..f9f9c38cfa 100644 --- a/est/09/18.md +++ b/est/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Jews who were in Susa assembled together Why they assembled together can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the Jews who were in Susa assembled together to fight against their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/est/09/19.md b/est/09/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/09/19.md +++ b/est/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/09/20.md b/est/09/20.md index 2317ed3313..9f2dc1c8b4 100644 --- a/est/09/20.md +++ b/est/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sent letters You may need to use a word for written instructions that is more general than "letter" so that the reader does not think that these documents were about only personal matters. - diff --git a/est/09/21.md b/est/09/21.md index a76ab745a0..df4d7332f7 100644 --- a/est/09/21.md +++ b/est/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to keep the fourteenth and the fifteenth day of the month Adar every year To keep a day is an idiom that means to celebrate it. Alternate translation: "to celebrate the fourteenth and fifteenth days of Adar every year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/est/09/22.md b/est/09/22.md index b4772f858a..b6f7e62a12 100644 --- a/est/09/22.md +++ b/est/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their sorrow turned to joy Turning represents changing. The abstract nouns sorrow and joy can be expressed with "sad" and "joyful." Alternate translation: "they changed from being very sad to being joyful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/09/23.md b/est/09/23.md index acdb49f0af..c8a4519672 100644 --- a/est/09/23.md +++ b/est/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This passage summarizes much of the story of Esther in order to explain the reason for the festival of Purim. - diff --git a/est/09/24.md b/est/09/24.md index f99c1e7080..5158b92d26 100644 --- a/est/09/24.md +++ b/est/09/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name and description of Haman, one of the king's officials. See how # he threw Pur (that is, he threw lots) Why he threw Pur, or lots, can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "he threw Pur (that is, he threw lots) to find out what would be the best day to attack the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/est/09/25.md b/est/09/25.md index be00e32bb8..6694e54ca9 100644 --- a/est/09/25.md +++ b/est/09/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to use a word for written instructions that is more general than "l # the wicked plan Haman developed against the Jews should come back on his own head "Come back on his own head" means that it should be done to Haman. Alternate translation: "the wicked plan Haman developed against the Jews should be done to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/est/09/26.md b/est/09/26.md index 603fed9c28..cb8a7e958a 100644 --- a/est/09/26.md +++ b/est/09/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of the festival that commemorates the salvation of the Jewish p # the name of Pur. It can be stated clearly what "Pur" means. Alternate translation: "the word Pur, which means 'lot.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/est/09/27.md b/est/09/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/09/27.md +++ b/est/09/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/09/28.md b/est/09/28.md index 438c706245..d9c1079a91 100644 --- a/est/09/28.md +++ b/est/09/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Jews were to reme # their memory should never come to an end for their descendants "the memory of those days should never come to an end for the descendants of the Jews" or "the descendants of the Jews should never forget those days" - diff --git a/est/09/29.md b/est/09/29.md index 8743c942b8..f0daf9f441 100644 --- a/est/09/29.md +++ b/est/09/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Esther's father and Mordecai's uncle. See how you translated this in [Esther 2:1 # second letter "additional letter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/est/09/30.md b/est/09/30.md index 6a1324f581..04da871344 100644 --- a/est/09/30.md +++ b/est/09/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may need to use a word for written instructions that is more general than "l # wishing the Jews safety and truth The abstract nouns "safety" and "truth" can be expressed with phrases. Alternate translation: "wishing that the Jews would be safe and that people would be faithful to the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/est/09/31.md b/est/09/31.md index f778068313..0747e2ecb5 100644 --- a/est/09/31.md +++ b/est/09/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Accepting an obligation is a metaphor for agreeing with the obligation. The abst # they accepted times of fasting and lamenting Accepting times of fasting and lamenting is a metaphor for agreeing to fast and lament at certain times. Alternate translation: "they agreed to fast and lament at certain times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/est/09/32.md b/est/09/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/est/09/32.md +++ b/est/09/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/est/09/intro.md b/est/09/intro.md index 59c12eb406..3da8b7bdac 100644 --- a/est/09/intro.md +++ b/est/09/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Esther 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Purim -#### Purim The events of this chapter were so significant, the Jews celebrated these events every year after this. It is known as "Purim." -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Ironic Situation -The day that was supposed to bring great victory to the enemies of the Jews became a day of great victory for the Jews. This is a type of irony. +### Ironic Situation + +The day that was supposed to bring great victory to the enemies of the Jews became a day of great victory for the Jews. This is a type of irony. ## Links: * __[Esther 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/est/10/01.md b/est/10/01.md index 0620410aa9..059e81d35b 100644 --- a/est/10/01.md +++ b/est/10/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # imposed a tax on the land and on the coastlands along the sea To impose a tax means to make people pay a tax. The land and coastlands represent the people living there. Alternate translation: "made the people living in the land and on the coastlands along the sea pay a tax" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/est/10/02.md b/est/10/02.md index 45429ce7a3..8e90bd5792 100644 --- a/est/10/02.md +++ b/est/10/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king honoring Mordecai is spoken of as if the king physically raised him up. # the book of the events of the reigns "the royal histories" or "the royal chronicles" - diff --git a/est/10/03.md b/est/10/03.md index c78965d49b..f881226163 100644 --- a/est/10/03.md +++ b/est/10/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Seeking something is a metaphor for working hard for something. The abstract nou # he spoke for the peace of all his people "he represented his people so that they might have peace" - diff --git a/est/10/intro.md b/est/10/intro.md index eaa432d18f..8e7c8cbaea 100644 --- a/est/10/intro.md +++ b/est/10/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Esther 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Mordecai's new position +### Mordecai's new position -Through the power of Yahweh, Mordecai was given a new position in the Persian Empire. Mordecai was now the second in command in the kingdom of Persia and he used his position to help other Jews. +Through the power of Yahweh, Mordecai was given a new position in the Persian Empire. Mordecai was now the second in command in the kingdom of Persia and he used his position to help other Jews. ## Links: * __[Esther 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/est/front/intro.md b/est/front/intro.md index bafd363229..a69fc8ab2c 100644 --- a/est/front/intro.md +++ b/est/front/intro.md @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ 1. The result of Haman's plot to destroy the Jews (8:1–9:16) 1. The Feast of Purim (9:17–32) 1. Conclusion (10:1–3) - + ### What is the Book of Esther about? -The Book of Esther tells how a young Jewish woman named Esther became the queen of Persia. As queen, she worked to save all the Jews in the Persian Empire from being destroyed. +The Book of Esther tells how a young Jewish woman named Esther became the queen of Persia. As queen, she worked to save all the Jews in the Persian Empire from being destroyed. This book ends by telling why the Jews celebrate the festival of Purim. The name "Purim" comes from the word "pur." It means "lots" or "dice." Haman, the enemy of Jews, threw dice to choose when to attack and destroy the Jews. The Jews celebrate Purim to remember how Yahweh rescued his people from being destroyed. @@ -27,15 +27,15 @@ Translators can use the traditional title of this book, which is "The Book of Es ### What was the Persian Empire? -King Cyrus the Great conquered and ruled over many kingdoms. This was in the part of the world called Persia, which is now Iran. So people named his kingdom the Persian Empire. When Cyrus conquered Babylonia in 539 B.C., he then controlled the Jews whom the Babylonians had exiled. +King Cyrus the Great conquered and ruled over many kingdoms. This was in the part of the world called Persia, which is now Iran. So people named his kingdom the Persian Empire. When Cyrus conquered Babylonia in 539 B.C., he then controlled the Jews whom the Babylonians had exiled. ### Why were there Jews in Babylonia when the Persians conquered it? -In 586 B.C., the Babylonians conquered and took into exile the people of Judah. These Jews and their descendants were still in Babylon when the Persians conquered it. +In 586 B.C., the Babylonians conquered and took into exile the people of Judah. These Jews and their descendants were still in Babylon when the Persians conquered it. ### What was meant by "the laws of the Medes and Persians"? -The phrase "the laws of the Medes and Persians" is found in Esther 1:19 and Daniel 6:12. It referred to laws and decrees that could not be changed or removed once they were issued. In the book of Esther, the king made a decree that the people could attack the Jews. Later he regretted that decision but he was not able to change the decree. +The phrase "the laws of the Medes and Persians" is found in Esther 1:19 and Daniel 6:12. It referred to laws and decrees that could not be changed or removed once they were issued. In the book of Esther, the king made a decree that the people could attack the Jews. Later he regretted that decision but he was not able to change the decree. The term "Medes" refers to a people group that had formed its own nation, but the Persians conquered them. @@ -44,4 +44,3 @@ The term "Medes" refers to a people group that had formed its own nation, but th ### What different levels of language are in the Book of Esther? In the Book of Esther, people talk to each other in many different situations. There is the polite and stately talk in the Persian court and the words of royal decrees. Friends and close relatives also talk to each other. There are even the words that one uses in speaking to oneself. Translators should use all the ways their own language has to express these different situations in a way that their readers will identify and understand. - diff --git a/exo/01/01.md b/exo/01/01.md index cacf256a6c..d6e421b62b 100644 --- a/exo/01/01.md +++ b/exo/01/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # household This refers to all the people who live in a house together, usually a large family with servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/01/02.md b/exo/01/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/01/02.md +++ b/exo/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/01/03.md b/exo/01/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/01/03.md +++ b/exo/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/01/04.md b/exo/01/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/01/04.md +++ b/exo/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/01/05.md b/exo/01/05.md index f1efa970c7..10e6d3bfbd 100644 --- a/exo/01/05.md +++ b/exo/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Joseph was already in Egypt "Joseph lived in Egypt before his brothers" - diff --git a/exo/01/06.md b/exo/01/06.md index 3f2524b727..fb4fdb8a10 100644 --- a/exo/01/06.md +++ b/exo/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all his brothers This includes 10 older brothers and 1 younger brother. - diff --git a/exo/01/07.md b/exo/01/07.md index b9597fc668..ffe2a3264e 100644 --- a/exo/01/07.md +++ b/exo/01/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This hyperbole emphasizes how many people there were and should probably be left # with them The word "them" refers to the Israelites. - diff --git a/exo/01/08.md b/exo/01/08.md index 765a4bde0a..9a203d1339 100644 --- a/exo/01/08.md +++ b/exo/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # arose over Egypt Here "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: "began to rule over the people of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/01/09.md b/exo/01/09.md index 35f5ad4b1a..a122079e50 100644 --- a/exo/01/09.md +++ b/exo/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his people These were the people who lived in Egypt, the Egyptians. - diff --git a/exo/01/10.md b/exo/01/10.md index 66a6c43272..44b716e5a7 100644 --- a/exo/01/10.md +++ b/exo/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here war is spoken of as a person that is able to act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # leave the land "leave Egypt" - diff --git a/exo/01/11.md b/exo/01/11.md index 158f1d282c..222409459d 100644 --- a/exo/01/11.md +++ b/exo/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work # store cities These were places where the leaders put food and other important things to keep them safe. - diff --git a/exo/01/12.md b/exo/01/12.md index 610fe85427..724e41038d 100644 --- a/exo/01/12.md +++ b/exo/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to dread "to abhor and fear" - diff --git a/exo/01/13.md b/exo/01/13.md index 57be9f3f47..9941fe4c87 100644 --- a/exo/01/13.md +++ b/exo/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # severely forced the people of Israel to serve "harshly forced the people of Israel to work" - diff --git a/exo/01/14.md b/exo/01/14.md index f33f047d40..8114c8d858 100644 --- a/exo/01/14.md +++ b/exo/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a wet glue or mud put between bricks or stones that held them together # All their required work was severe "The Egyptians made them work very hard" or "The Egyptians forced them to work very hard" - diff --git a/exo/01/15.md b/exo/01/15.md index 808a81acd5..8c360eb86e 100644 --- a/exo/01/15.md +++ b/exo/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. # Shiphrah ... Puah These are Hebrew women's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/01/16.md b/exo/01/16.md index c15b3cb594..f9d3360d81 100644 --- a/exo/01/16.md +++ b/exo/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the birthstool Women sat on this short stool as they gave birth. Therefore, it is associated with birth. Alternate translation: "as they give birth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/01/17.md b/exo/01/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/01/17.md +++ b/exo/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/01/18.md b/exo/01/18.md index 4e359fca66..b7832dd78a 100644 --- a/exo/01/18.md +++ b/exo/01/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated # Why have you done this, and let the baby boys live? Pharaoh asked this question to rebuke the midwives for allowing the male children to live. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You have disobeyed my order by not killing the male babies!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/01/19.md b/exo/01/19.md index 426d309617..5fe36ea2bc 100644 --- a/exo/01/19.md +++ b/exo/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women The midwives answered wisely to appease Pharaoh's anger. - diff --git a/exo/01/20.md b/exo/01/20.md index 37ef47eb0f..506baeda76 100644 --- a/exo/01/20.md +++ b/exo/01/20.md @@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated # became very mighty -They were mighty because there were so many of them. See how you translated similar words in [Exodus 1:7](../01/07.md). - +They were mighty because there were so many of them. See how you translated similar words in [Exodus 1:7](../01/07.md). diff --git a/exo/01/21.md b/exo/01/21.md index 1f56d07db9..ae26bcdcc4 100644 --- a/exo/01/21.md +++ b/exo/01/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he gave them families "the enabled them to have children" - diff --git a/exo/01/22.md b/exo/01/22.md index 27e199557a..a4cc14770c 100644 --- a/exo/01/22.md +++ b/exo/01/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must throw every son ... into the river This order was given in order to drown the male children. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. Alternate translation: "You must ... into the river so they will drown" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/01/intro.md b/exo/01/intro.md index e28ea44383..5ff537769a 100644 --- a/exo/01/intro.md +++ b/exo/01/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,24 @@ # Exodus 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is intended to form a smooth transition with the last chapter of the book of Genesis. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel's growth -#### Israel's growth Israel grew in number. This was in fulfillment of the covenant God made with Abraham. It also caused the Egyptians great concern that there would be more Israelites than Egyptians because they would be unable to defend themselves against such a large number of people. Pharaoh also tried to kill all of the male babies so they would not become soldiers who fought against him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -#### End of the famine +### End of the famine + It is obvious that some time has passed since the beginning of the famine which brought the Israelites into Egypt. Yahweh appears to be punishing the Hebrews for not returning back to the Promised Land instead choosing to stay in Egypt. No return attempt is recorded to have been made. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "All of the descendants of Jacob were seventy in number" -This number included both Jacob's children and grandchildren. It may cause confusion, but it is important to remember Jacob only had 12 sons. +### "All of the descendants of Jacob were seventy in number" + +This number included both Jacob's children and grandchildren. It may cause confusion, but it is important to remember Jacob only had 12 sons. ## Links: @@ -23,4 +26,3 @@ This number included both Jacob's children and grandchildren. It may cause confu * __[Exodus intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/02/01.md b/exo/02/01.md index 412b418747..1228676361 100644 --- a/exo/02/01.md +++ b/exo/02/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the narrative. If you have a way of doing this in your language, consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) - diff --git a/exo/02/02.md b/exo/02/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/02/02.md +++ b/exo/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/02/03.md b/exo/02/03.md index abfe000a36..e88b5e31e0 100644 --- a/exo/02/03.md +++ b/exo/02/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a sticky brown or black paste that can be made from tree sap or from pet # reeds These "reeds" were a type of tall grass that grew in flat, wet areas. - diff --git a/exo/02/04.md b/exo/02/04.md index de11e849ca..457fd48487 100644 --- a/exo/02/04.md +++ b/exo/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at a distance This means she stood far enough away so that she would not be noticed, but close enough to see the basket. - diff --git a/exo/02/05.md b/exo/02/05.md index 4b4fda5290..183ce6596e 100644 --- a/exo/02/05.md +++ b/exo/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her attendants the young women whose job was to be with her and make sure nothing bad happened to her - diff --git a/exo/02/06.md b/exo/02/06.md index a42c2e2c97..50d3cafc41 100644 --- a/exo/02/06.md +++ b/exo/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Behold The word "behold" signals the surprising information that follows. - diff --git a/exo/02/07.md b/exo/02/07.md index 59077b19f8..9b7149e6fa 100644 --- a/exo/02/07.md +++ b/exo/02/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nurse feed with milk from the breast - diff --git a/exo/02/08.md b/exo/02/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/02/08.md +++ b/exo/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/02/09.md b/exo/02/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/02/09.md +++ b/exo/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/02/10.md b/exo/02/10.md index 407c3d80de..2774c8eec5 100644 --- a/exo/02/10.md +++ b/exo/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote that says "The name Moses sounds like the Hebrew # drew him "pulled him" - diff --git a/exo/02/11.md b/exo/02/11.md index 196bd2e830..bd04ad760f 100644 --- a/exo/02/11.md +++ b/exo/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # striking a Hebrew "hitting a Hebrew" or "beating a Hebrew" - diff --git a/exo/02/12.md b/exo/02/12.md index 05bc1b1816..3b74a5bba5 100644 --- a/exo/02/12.md +++ b/exo/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He looked this way and that way These two opposite directions have the combined meaning of "everywhere." Alternate translation: "He looked all around" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/exo/02/13.md b/exo/02/13.md index 93ce929a99..3c4061cf95 100644 --- a/exo/02/13.md +++ b/exo/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" here shows that Moses was surprised by what he saw. You can us # the one who was in the wrong This was a customary way of saying "the one who started the fight." Alternate translation: "the one who was guilty of starting the fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/exo/02/14.md b/exo/02/14.md index d41c19fba9..ae6332fa7f 100644 --- a/exo/02/14.md +++ b/exo/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The man used this question to rebuke Moses for intervening in the fight. Alterna # Are you planning to kill me as you killed that Egyptian? The man used a question here to be sarcastic. Alternate translation: "We know that you killed an Egyptian yesterday. You had better not kill me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/02/15.md b/exo/02/15.md index 91b7013e29..90afc8f037 100644 --- a/exo/02/15.md +++ b/exo/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now when Pharaoh heard about it The word "now" is used here to mark a break in the event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the incident. - diff --git a/exo/02/16.md b/exo/02/16.md index cd880aa298..d3a6d79695 100644 --- a/exo/02/16.md +++ b/exo/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that they brought up water from a well. # troughs a long, narrow, open container for animals to eat or drink out of - diff --git a/exo/02/17.md b/exo/02/17.md index 6df5a9804d..2d2cec3e2c 100644 --- a/exo/02/17.md +++ b/exo/02/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # helped them "rescued them" - diff --git a/exo/02/18.md b/exo/02/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/02/18.md +++ b/exo/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/02/19.md b/exo/02/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/02/19.md +++ b/exo/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/02/20.md b/exo/02/20.md index b61d6f79e2..c547574c16 100644 --- a/exo/02/20.md +++ b/exo/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why did you leave the man? This question is a mild rebuke to the daughters for not inviting Moses into their home according to the normal hospitality of that culture. Alternate translation: "You should not have left this man at the well!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/02/21.md b/exo/02/21.md index 003f416368..d2bb0e2ce7 100644 --- a/exo/02/21.md +++ b/exo/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Zipporah This is Reuel's daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/02/22.md b/exo/02/22.md index b607218077..26eb12777a 100644 --- a/exo/02/22.md +++ b/exo/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is Moses's son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # resident in a foreign land "stranger in a foreign land" - diff --git a/exo/02/23.md b/exo/02/23.md index 50ce15a845..8383c19d45 100644 --- a/exo/02/23.md +++ b/exo/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They did this because of their sorrow and misery. Alternate translation: "sighed # their pleas went up to God The cries of the Israelites are spoken of as if they were a person and were able to travel up to where God is. Alternate translation: "God heard their pleas" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/exo/02/24.md b/exo/02/24.md index 098747b4da..62ade9cd3a 100644 --- a/exo/02/24.md +++ b/exo/02/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God called to mind his covenant This was a customary way of saying God thought about what He had promised. Alternate translation: "God remembered his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/exo/02/25.md b/exo/02/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/02/25.md +++ b/exo/02/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/02/intro.md b/exo/02/intro.md index 6073932110..9a798d90d0 100644 --- a/exo/02/intro.md +++ b/exo/02/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Exodus 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Moses's heritage -In the first part of this chapter, Pharaoh's daughter recognizes Moses as being a Hebrew, but in the last part of this chapter, the Midianites believe him to be an Egyptian. +### Moses's heritage -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +In the first part of this chapter, Pharaoh's daughter recognizes Moses as being a Hebrew, but in the last part of this chapter, the Midianites believe him to be an Egyptian. -#### Ironic situations -While Pharaoh tried to diminish the power of the Israelites by killing all of their baby boys, Yahweh used Pharaoh's own daughter to save Moses. Moses was the one who would ultimately be used by Yahweh to deliver Israel. +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Ironic situations + +While Pharaoh tried to diminish the power of the Israelites by killing all of their baby boys, Yahweh used Pharaoh's own daughter to save Moses. Moses was the one who would ultimately be used by Yahweh to deliver Israel. ## Links: * __[Exodus 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/03/01.md b/exo/03/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/03/01.md +++ b/exo/03/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/03/02.md b/exo/03/02.md index 008e2068e0..e9b81f80ba 100644 --- a/exo/03/02.md +++ b/exo/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # behold The word "behold" here shows that Moses saw something that was very different from what he expected. - diff --git a/exo/03/03.md b/exo/03/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/03/03.md +++ b/exo/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/03/04.md b/exo/03/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/03/04.md +++ b/exo/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/03/05.md b/exo/03/05.md index 5ecb7caf5d..e71a6c4a4c 100644 --- a/exo/03/05.md +++ b/exo/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # set apart "made holy" - diff --git a/exo/03/06.md b/exo/03/06.md index 8bd023ddb4..da0bca8a37 100644 --- a/exo/03/06.md +++ b/exo/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of these men worshiped the same God. Alternate translation: "the God of your # your father Possible meanings are 1) "your ancestor" or 2) "your father." If it means "your ancestor," then the phrases following it clarify who "your father" refers to: it refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. If it means "your father," then it refers to Moses's own father. - diff --git a/exo/03/07.md b/exo/03/07.md index df73decb72..3e0e3506b6 100644 --- a/exo/03/07.md +++ b/exo/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "outcry" is of pain because of the hard work the Egyptians were forcing # their taskmasters Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/exo/03/08.md b/exo/03/08.md index d7ff1fb2e6..7d7fafdf01 100644 --- a/exo/03/08.md +++ b/exo/03/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock # honey Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: "food from crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/03/09.md b/exo/03/09.md index ffacf7f113..f75d2aa824 100644 --- a/exo/03/09.md +++ b/exo/03/09.md @@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ Here the word "outcry" is spoken of as if it were a person capable of moving on # the outcry -Here the "outcry" is of pain because of the hard work the Egyptians were forcing the Israelites to do. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). - +Here the "outcry" is of pain because of the hard work the Egyptians were forcing the Israelites to do. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). diff --git a/exo/03/10.md b/exo/03/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/03/10.md +++ b/exo/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/03/11.md b/exo/03/11.md index 8ca47c501b..2c1f68a282 100644 --- a/exo/03/11.md +++ b/exo/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh ... Egypt? Moses uses this question to tell God that Moses is a nobody and no one will listen to him. Alternate translation: "I am not important enough to go to Pharaoh ... Egypt!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/03/12.md b/exo/03/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/03/12.md +++ b/exo/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/03/13.md b/exo/03/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/03/13.md +++ b/exo/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/03/14.md b/exo/03/14.md index 502cfdfe9d..989060a488 100644 --- a/exo/03/14.md +++ b/exo/03/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this whole sentence is God's name or 2) God is not tell # I AM Languages that do not have an equivalent to the verb "am" may need to render this as "I LIVE" or "I EXIST." - diff --git a/exo/03/15.md b/exo/03/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/03/15.md +++ b/exo/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/03/16.md b/exo/03/16.md index 62b1031e47..4666834bab 100644 --- a/exo/03/16.md +++ b/exo/03/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Abraham, Isaac and Jacob were three of Moses's ancestors. They all worshiped the # I have indeed observed you The word "you" refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/03/17.md b/exo/03/17.md index 9332fa7720..430b35d487 100644 --- a/exo/03/17.md +++ b/exo/03/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock # honey Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: "food from crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/03/18.md b/exo/03/18.md index 178b49b747..83a969e3f1 100644 --- a/exo/03/18.md +++ b/exo/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will listen to you The word "you" refers to Moses. Alternate translation: "The elders will listen to you" - diff --git a/exo/03/19.md b/exo/03/19.md index 2a4824319f..e8ec354564 100644 --- a/exo/03/19.md +++ b/exo/03/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues speaking to Moses. # except under a mighty hand The word "hand" is a metonym for the power of the owner of the hand. Possible meanings are 1) "only if someone stronger than he forces him to let you go" or "only if I force him to let you go," or 2) "not even if I force him to let you go." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/exo/03/20.md b/exo/03/20.md index a9969a563c..dcd0b8633c 100644 --- a/exo/03/20.md +++ b/exo/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will reach out with my hand and attack Here "hand" refers to God's power. Alternate translation: "I will powerfully attack" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/03/21.md b/exo/03/21.md index aa11fea1d5..db5c72efbe 100644 --- a/exo/03/21.md +++ b/exo/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will not go empty-handed "will go with full hands" or "will go with many valuable things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/exo/03/22.md b/exo/03/22.md index f96d8359ae..c7953772d6 100644 --- a/exo/03/22.md +++ b/exo/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # any women staying in her neighbors' houses "any Egyptian woman staying in the houses of her Egyptian neighbors" - diff --git a/exo/03/intro.md b/exo/03/intro.md index 8ae9c6a0bc..15d3bd7da2 100644 --- a/exo/03/intro.md +++ b/exo/03/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Exodus 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter records one of the most important events in the history of the Israelite people: the revelation of the name Yahweh at the burning bush. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's holiness -#### God's holiness God is so holy that people could not look upon him without dying. This is why Moses covered his eyes. It is also why he took off his shoes. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Yahweh -#### Yahweh The name Yahweh is sacred in the Hebrew religion. It is the personal name of God, which he revealed to Moses. It is by this name, he is known. Yahweh means "I am." Some translations use all capitals to set this apart, "I AM." Great care must be taken in translating the phrase "I am that I am." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ The name Yahweh is sacred in the Hebrew religion. It is the personal name of God * __[Exodus 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/04/01.md b/exo/04/01.md index 5214f464af..c12257949c 100644 --- a/exo/04/01.md +++ b/exo/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if they do not believe "if the Israelites do not believe" - diff --git a/exo/04/02.md b/exo/04/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/02.md +++ b/exo/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/03.md b/exo/04/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/03.md +++ b/exo/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/04.md b/exo/04/04.md index ed2b4b7b74..db5883148c 100644 --- a/exo/04/04.md +++ b/exo/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # became a staff "turned into a rod" or "changed into a staff" - diff --git a/exo/04/05.md b/exo/04/05.md index ca1493af3f..b636f21504 100644 --- a/exo/04/05.md +++ b/exo/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the God of their ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob Abraham, Isaac and Jacob were three of their ancestors. They all worshiped the same God. - diff --git a/exo/04/06.md b/exo/04/06.md index bab1dd55da..03c05b6403 100644 --- a/exo/04/06.md +++ b/exo/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used to create an exclamation, showing surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta # as white as snow The word "as" here is used to compare what Moses's hand looked like. Leprosy causes the skin to look white. You may not have a word for snow in your language. If so, consider an alternative that describes something white. Alternate translation: "as white as wool or as white as the sand on the beach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/07.md b/exo/04/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/07.md +++ b/exo/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/08.md b/exo/04/08.md index 384aa45b14..eabddefb11 100644 --- a/exo/04/08.md +++ b/exo/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pay attention "acknowledge" or "accept" - diff --git a/exo/04/09.md b/exo/04/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/09.md +++ b/exo/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/10.md b/exo/04/10.md index 1e08180192..3ebe30e0cd 100644 --- a/exo/04/10.md +++ b/exo/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrases "slow of speech" and "slow of tongue" mean basically the same thing. # slow of tongue Here "tongue" refers to Moses's ability to speak. Alternate translation: "unable to speak well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/11.md b/exo/04/11.md index d894c8b0dc..0f1ae8a331 100644 --- a/exo/04/11.md +++ b/exo/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he is the one who decides if people # Is it not I, Yahweh? Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he alone makes these decisions. Alternate translation: "I, Yahweh, am the one who does this!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/12.md b/exo/04/12.md index ebbfb2abe4..ad5780248d 100644 --- a/exo/04/12.md +++ b/exo/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will be with your mouth Here "mouth" refers to Moses's ability to speak. Alternate translation: "I will give you the ability to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/13.md b/exo/04/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/13.md +++ b/exo/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/14.md b/exo/04/14.md index 5cdb5ed7c6..13e2de23aa 100644 --- a/exo/04/14.md +++ b/exo/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will be glad in his heart Here "heart" refers to inner thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: "he will be very happy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/15.md b/exo/04/15.md index ba0cc2edf7..01cbb675ad 100644 --- a/exo/04/15.md +++ b/exo/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "mouth" here represents Moses choice of words. Alternate translation: " # with his mouth The word "mouth" here represents Aaron's choice of words. Alternate translation: "I will give him the right words to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/16.md b/exo/04/16.md index 290d033d1a..8ffaca4068 100644 --- a/exo/04/16.md +++ b/exo/04/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "mouth" here represents Aaron repeating what Moses told him. Alternate # you will be like God for him The word "like" here means Moses would represent the same authority to Aaron as God did to Moses. Alternate translation: "you will speak to Aaron with the same authority with which I speak to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/17.md b/exo/04/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/17.md +++ b/exo/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/18.md b/exo/04/18.md index ee47554e48..3b4375b2ef 100644 --- a/exo/04/18.md +++ b/exo/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # father-in-law This refers to the father of Moses's wife. - diff --git a/exo/04/19.md b/exo/04/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/19.md +++ b/exo/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/20.md b/exo/04/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/20.md +++ b/exo/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/21.md b/exo/04/21.md index c5bc13a7ab..a80ed86e23 100644 --- a/exo/04/21.md +++ b/exo/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will harden his heart Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: "will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/22.md b/exo/04/22.md index 1f277fa1cb..59b450a162 100644 --- a/exo/04/22.md +++ b/exo/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Israel" here represents all the people of Israel. Alternate translatio # is my son, my firstborn Here the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were a firstborn son who causes joy and pride. Alternate translation: "is like my own firstborn son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/23.md b/exo/04/23.md index b99dbbfd6e..541b3306bf 100644 --- a/exo/04/23.md +++ b/exo/04/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "him" refers to the people of Israel as God's son. Alternate translatio # I will certainly kill your son, your firstborn The word "son" here refers to the actual son of Pharaoh. - diff --git a/exo/04/24.md b/exo/04/24.md index 7d9e5dd848..a18aa4ba02 100644 --- a/exo/04/24.md +++ b/exo/04/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh met Moses and tried to kill him This may have been because Moses had not circumcised his son. - diff --git a/exo/04/25.md b/exo/04/25.md index 2a94e84dee..0a37f50320 100644 --- a/exo/04/25.md +++ b/exo/04/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is possible that the word "feet" here may have been a more respectful way to # you are a bridegroom to me by blood The meaning of this metaphor is unclear. It was probably a known saying in that culture. Alternate translation: "you are related to me by this blood" or "you are my husband because of blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/26.md b/exo/04/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/26.md +++ b/exo/04/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/27.md b/exo/04/27.md index 445fb93eb3..289793c7d6 100644 --- a/exo/04/27.md +++ b/exo/04/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may want to add a word that marks the beginning of a new part of the story, # at the mountain of God This may have been the mountain at Sinai, but the text does not include that information. - diff --git a/exo/04/28.md b/exo/04/28.md index c75de88cd9..9180dfea4c 100644 --- a/exo/04/28.md +++ b/exo/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he had sent him to say The word "he" refers to Yahweh, and "him" refers to Moses. - diff --git a/exo/04/29.md b/exo/04/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/04/29.md +++ b/exo/04/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/04/30.md b/exo/04/30.md index c680a71d88..255642dcf5 100644 --- a/exo/04/30.md +++ b/exo/04/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the sight of the people "before the people" or "in the presence of the people" - diff --git a/exo/04/31.md b/exo/04/31.md index 8b27a44371..8dbadd5581 100644 --- a/exo/04/31.md +++ b/exo/04/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they bowed down Possible meanings are 1) "they bowed their heads in awe" or 2) "they bowed down low in reverence." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/exo/04/intro.md b/exo/04/intro.md index 9ec7b0ea9e..c37851f7ed 100644 --- a/exo/04/intro.md +++ b/exo/04/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Exodus 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Moses does not understand -#### Moses does not understand Although Moses believes in Yahweh, he does not trust in him. This is because Moses lacks understanding. Moses tries to believe the things he is asked to do are done by his own power. Yahweh is trying to get Moses to trust that these are Yahweh's doing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -#### Children of God +### Children of God + This chapter really introduces the concept that the people group Israel is the chosen people of God and God's children, possibly God's firstborn children. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstborn]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Yahweh hardened Pharaoh's heart -#### Yahweh hardened Pharaoh's heart Scholars are divided over how to understand this statement. There is debate over whether Pharaoh plays an active or passive role in the hardening of his own heart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ Scholars are divided over how to understand this statement. There is debate over * __[Exodus 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/05/01.md b/exo/05/01.md index 1b42da1676..01a1a2696e 100644 --- a/exo/05/01.md +++ b/exo/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is unclear how long Moses and Aaron waited until they went to see Pharoah. # festival for me This is a celebration to worship Yahweh. - diff --git a/exo/05/02.md b/exo/05/02.md index 1c3d0c772a..beda847a4f 100644 --- a/exo/05/02.md +++ b/exo/05/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Pharaoh uses this question to state that he has no interest in obeying Yahweh or # listen to his voice The words "his voice" represent the words God spoke. Alternate translation: "listen to what he says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/03.md b/exo/05/03.md index 3104fafa4a..171de2fc86 100644 --- a/exo/05/03.md +++ b/exo/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a term also used for the Israelites' God or Yahweh. # or with the sword Here "sword" represents war or an attack by enemies. Alternate translation: "or cause our enemies to attack us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/04.md b/exo/05/04.md index 8c96e4a698..f9075c6009 100644 --- a/exo/05/04.md +++ b/exo/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # why are you taking the people from their work? Pharaoh uses this question to express his anger towards Moses and Aaron for taking the Israelites away from their work. Alternate translation: "stop distracting the people from doing their work!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/05.md b/exo/05/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/05/05.md +++ b/exo/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/05/06.md b/exo/05/06.md index 0c632d5ef8..b64441ad68 100644 --- a/exo/05/06.md +++ b/exo/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # taskmasters Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/exo/05/07.md b/exo/05/07.md index 280a9af7ca..c6a979e8b0 100644 --- a/exo/05/07.md +++ b/exo/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must no longer give The word "you" in these verses is plural and refers to the taskmasters and foremen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/08.md b/exo/05/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/05/08.md +++ b/exo/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/05/09.md b/exo/05/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/05/09.md +++ b/exo/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/05/10.md b/exo/05/10.md index 0d6d9053e5..e55a9bc805 100644 --- a/exo/05/10.md +++ b/exo/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you tra # I will no longer give you The word "you" is plural and refers to the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/11.md b/exo/05/11.md index 3f8ef1dcc9..73806ba197 100644 --- a/exo/05/11.md +++ b/exo/05/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "yourselves" emphasizes that the Egyptians will no longer help them. (See: # your workload will not be reduced This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "you must continue to make the same number of bricks as before" - diff --git a/exo/05/12.md b/exo/05/12.md index cf63a7d687..7e4db00041 100644 --- a/exo/05/12.md +++ b/exo/05/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an generalization used to show the extra effort Israel made to meet Phar # stubble the part of a plant that is left over after harvest - diff --git a/exo/05/13.md b/exo/05/13.md index 0c632d5ef8..b64441ad68 100644 --- a/exo/05/13.md +++ b/exo/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # taskmasters Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/exo/05/14.md b/exo/05/14.md index d49767acac..015d6b3fda 100644 --- a/exo/05/14.md +++ b/exo/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why have you not produced all the bricks required of you ... in the past? The taskmasters used this question to show they were angry with the lack of bricks. Alternate translation: "You are not producing enough bricks, either yesterday or today, as you did in the past!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/15.md b/exo/05/15.md index 40553f4904..4d88c0d4b0 100644 --- a/exo/05/15.md +++ b/exo/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cried out "complained" - diff --git a/exo/05/16.md b/exo/05/16.md index aa96dce3dc..8d7d73def2 100644 --- a/exo/05/16.md +++ b/exo/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they are still telling us, 'Make bricks!' Here "they" refers to the Egyptian taskmasters. - diff --git a/exo/05/17.md b/exo/05/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/05/17.md +++ b/exo/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/05/18.md b/exo/05/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/05/18.md +++ b/exo/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/05/19.md b/exo/05/19.md index 7caa3a8993..7e32e0491e 100644 --- a/exo/05/19.md +++ b/exo/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when they were told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when Pharaoh told them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/20.md b/exo/05/20.md index ce78a87f02..b9e8032e15 100644 --- a/exo/05/20.md +++ b/exo/05/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # palace This is a very large house that a king lives in. - diff --git a/exo/05/21.md b/exo/05/21.md index d5ab22abc8..f055c35391 100644 --- a/exo/05/21.md +++ b/exo/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Egyptians responded to the Israelites the same way they would respond to a f # have put a sword in their hand to kill us Here "a sword" represents an opportunity to destroy enemies. Alternate translation: "have given them a reason to kill us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/22.md b/exo/05/22.md index a62e4908bc..bb55dabce3 100644 --- a/exo/05/22.md +++ b/exo/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question shows how disappointed he was that the Egyptians were treating the # Why did you send me in the first place? This question shows how disappointed Moses was that God had sent him to Egypt. Alternate translation: "I wish you had never sent me here!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/23.md b/exo/05/23.md index 986e75389d..389b520fb4 100644 --- a/exo/05/23.md +++ b/exo/05/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to speak to him in your name The word "name" here represents the message of God. Alternate translation: "to give him your message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/05/intro.md b/exo/05/intro.md index c2fb828203..4978e4207e 100644 --- a/exo/05/intro.md +++ b/exo/05/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Exodus 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### A slave's work -The Egyptians were known for making their slaves do a lot of work. They were forced to make a specific number of bricks every day. In this chapter, the were required to not only make these bricks, but also to gather the straw in order to make these bricks. +### A slave's work -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +The Egyptians were known for making their slaves do a lot of work. They were forced to make a specific number of bricks every day. In this chapter, the were required to not only make these bricks, but also to gather the straw in order to make these bricks. -#### "Let my people go" -This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Let my people go" + +This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. + +### Titles -#### Titles The leaders are given different titles in this chapter. The ULB uses "taskmasters" and "foremen." Many cultures will not have these types of titles. Generic expressions like "Egyptian leaders" and "Hebrew leaders" may be necessary. ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ The leaders are given different titles in this chapter. The ULB uses "taskmaster * __[Exodus 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/06/01.md b/exo/06/01.md index 17f5583c8a..320e2208a6 100644 --- a/exo/06/01.md +++ b/exo/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my strong hand The word "hand" here represents God's actions or works. Alternate translation: "the power I show in my works" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/02.md b/exo/06/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/02.md +++ b/exo/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/03.md b/exo/06/03.md index 914c8a0f89..3e0f861514 100644 --- a/exo/06/03.md +++ b/exo/06/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I was not known to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They did not know me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/04.md b/exo/06/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/04.md +++ b/exo/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/05.md b/exo/06/05.md index 6d13521329..ae05cd533c 100644 --- a/exo/06/05.md +++ b/exo/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # groaning This means making sad sounds because of pain and suffering. - diff --git a/exo/06/06.md b/exo/06/06.md index 7466f0df33..2323adc2e1 100644 --- a/exo/06/06.md +++ b/exo/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a command from Yahweh to Moses. "Yahweh told Moses to say to the people # mighty acts of judgment These "acts of judgment" will be acts with which Yahweh will punish the Egyptians. - diff --git a/exo/06/07.md b/exo/06/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/07.md +++ b/exo/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/08.md b/exo/06/08.md index f198c6cd68..174133c1c5 100644 --- a/exo/06/08.md +++ b/exo/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I swore "I promised" or "I said I would" - diff --git a/exo/06/09.md b/exo/06/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/09.md +++ b/exo/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/10.md b/exo/06/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/10.md +++ b/exo/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/11.md b/exo/06/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/11.md +++ b/exo/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/12.md b/exo/06/12.md index 9a3729d44a..3bee6422a9 100644 --- a/exo/06/12.md +++ b/exo/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If the people of Israel have not listened to me, why will Pharaoh listen to me, since I am not good at speaking? Moses asked this question hoping God would change his mind about using Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "The people of Israel did not listen to me, so I can be sure that Pharaoh will not listen to me either because I am not good at speaking!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/13.md b/exo/06/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/13.md +++ b/exo/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/14.md b/exo/06/14.md index c1b0db676c..d6a6f94fe6 100644 --- a/exo/06/14.md +++ b/exo/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heads" refers to the original ancestors of the clan. Alternate translation # Hanok, Pallu, Hezron, and Karmi These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/15.md b/exo/06/15.md index 06a1595077..7eeed0a4bd 100644 --- a/exo/06/15.md +++ b/exo/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar, and Shaul These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/16.md b/exo/06/16.md index 9047f4b43f..66ac9c7693 100644 --- a/exo/06/16.md +++ b/exo/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 137 years old "one hundred and thirty-seven years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/17.md b/exo/06/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/17.md +++ b/exo/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/18.md b/exo/06/18.md index cfac8a641e..74e87f9ee4 100644 --- a/exo/06/18.md +++ b/exo/06/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 133 years old "one hundred and thirty-three years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/19.md b/exo/06/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/19.md +++ b/exo/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/20.md b/exo/06/20.md index 64cb73ea17..85842aa1b4 100644 --- a/exo/06/20.md +++ b/exo/06/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 137 years "one hundred and thirty-seven years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/21.md b/exo/06/21.md index 1c24cf1d19..bb80576633 100644 --- a/exo/06/21.md +++ b/exo/06/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Izhar ... Korah ... Zikri These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/22.md b/exo/06/22.md index 84a5ccd719..5cd145065a 100644 --- a/exo/06/22.md +++ b/exo/06/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Uzziel ... Mishael ... Sithri These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/23.md b/exo/06/23.md index 8d28723c2e..354133a9bb 100644 --- a/exo/06/23.md +++ b/exo/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nadab ... Ithamar These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/24.md b/exo/06/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/24.md +++ b/exo/06/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/25.md b/exo/06/25.md index 64e7a3f234..e9ddc32ba9 100644 --- a/exo/06/25.md +++ b/exo/06/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # These were the heads of the fathers' houses The word "heads" here represents family leaders. Alternate translation: "These were the leaders of the families" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/26.md b/exo/06/26.md index b9e6bb428c..479c79f651 100644 --- a/exo/06/26.md +++ b/exo/06/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by their hosts "one tribe at a time" or "one family group after another" - diff --git a/exo/06/27.md b/exo/06/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/27.md +++ b/exo/06/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/28.md b/exo/06/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/28.md +++ b/exo/06/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/29.md b/exo/06/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/06/29.md +++ b/exo/06/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/06/30.md b/exo/06/30.md index 79ec0a28d5..a6cd43d68c 100644 --- a/exo/06/30.md +++ b/exo/06/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am not good ... why will Pharaoh listen to me? Moses asks this question hoping to change God's mind. This rhetorical question can be translated as as statement. Alternate translation: "I am not good ... Pharaoh will certainly not listen to me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/06/intro.md b/exo/06/intro.md index 9d89c9141e..376a697b22 100644 --- a/exo/06/intro.md +++ b/exo/06/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ # Exodus 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Promised Land -#### Promised Land According to the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham, Egypt is not the home of the Hebrew people. It is the Promised Land in Canaan. The people are to return home to their land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Let my people go +### Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to * __[Exodus 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/07/01.md b/exo/07/01.md index d1f2b46ead..1533822609 100644 --- a/exo/07/01.md +++ b/exo/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have made you like a god "I will cause Pharaoh to consider you as a god" - diff --git a/exo/07/02.md b/exo/07/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/07/02.md +++ b/exo/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/07/03.md b/exo/07/03.md index 7ba7a6b960..b975bad6b8 100644 --- a/exo/07/03.md +++ b/exo/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his hea # many signs ... many wonders The words "signs" and "wonders" mean basically the same thing. God uses them to emphasize the greatness of what he will do in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/04.md b/exo/07/04.md index 303cf9eff4..78e8daca43 100644 --- a/exo/07/04.md +++ b/exo/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "my hand" represent God's great power. Alternate translation: "use my # great acts of judgment These "acts of judgment" will be acts with which Yahweh will punish the Egyptians. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:6](../06/06.md). - diff --git a/exo/07/05.md b/exo/07/05.md index 915061901c..8d6420a224 100644 --- a/exo/07/05.md +++ b/exo/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reach out with my hand on The words "my hand" represent God's great power. Alternate translation: "show my powerful acts against" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/06.md b/exo/07/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/07/06.md +++ b/exo/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/07/07.md b/exo/07/07.md index d4d7bec547..171efbd747 100644 --- a/exo/07/07.md +++ b/exo/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Aaron eighty-three years old "Aaron was eighty-three years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/08.md b/exo/07/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/07/08.md +++ b/exo/07/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/07/09.md b/exo/07/09.md index a9986a2250..e863f305ef 100644 --- a/exo/07/09.md +++ b/exo/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When Pharaoh says to you, 'Do a miracle,' then you will say to Aaron, 'Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, so that it may become a snake.' This could be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "When Pharaoh tells you to do a miracle, then you will tell Aaron to take his staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, so that it may become a snake" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/10.md b/exo/07/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/07/10.md +++ b/exo/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/07/11.md b/exo/07/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/07/11.md +++ b/exo/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/07/12.md b/exo/07/12.md index bba8d02931..60466da3be 100644 --- a/exo/07/12.md +++ b/exo/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # swallowed up "ate up" or "devoured" - diff --git a/exo/07/13.md b/exo/07/13.md index 4b7b9de0e0..5740fef6f0 100644 --- a/exo/07/13.md +++ b/exo/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pharaoh's heart was hardened Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: "Pharaoh became more defiant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/14.md b/exo/07/14.md index ec537b2d65..b59125ba70 100644 --- a/exo/07/14.md +++ b/exo/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pharaoh's heart is hard Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: "Pharaoh is stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/15.md b/exo/07/15.md index 256d30c30f..83389fe7a3 100644 --- a/exo/07/15.md +++ b/exo/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when he goes out to the water The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "when he goes down to the Nile River to bathe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/16.md b/exo/07/16.md index b3b3154ade..8c5062cb9c 100644 --- a/exo/07/16.md +++ b/exo/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Say to him "Say to Pharaoh" - diff --git a/exo/07/17.md b/exo/07/17.md index 6aca1efde4..57f061e1d7 100644 --- a/exo/07/17.md +++ b/exo/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # strike the water "hit the water" - diff --git a/exo/07/18.md b/exo/07/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/07/18.md +++ b/exo/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/07/19.md b/exo/07/19.md index 255f2ef96c..62908f2756 100644 --- a/exo/07/19.md +++ b/exo/07/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # throughout all "in every part of" - diff --git a/exo/07/20.md b/exo/07/20.md index 277a1a0b95..277a946176 100644 --- a/exo/07/20.md +++ b/exo/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the river The name of the river may be made explicit. Alternate translation: "in the Nile River" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/21.md b/exo/07/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/07/21.md +++ b/exo/07/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/07/22.md b/exo/07/22.md index 3fefb0b594..584b601964 100644 --- a/exo/07/22.md +++ b/exo/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pharaoh's heart was hardened Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: "Pharaoh became more defiant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/23.md b/exo/07/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/07/23.md +++ b/exo/07/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/07/24.md b/exo/07/24.md index 01009d226b..28c32de18b 100644 --- a/exo/07/24.md +++ b/exo/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the Egyptians The word "all" here is a generalization that means "many." Alternate translation: "Many of the Egyptians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/exo/07/25.md b/exo/07/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/07/25.md +++ b/exo/07/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/07/intro.md b/exo/07/intro.md index bd3cbba52f..372021cf14 100644 --- a/exo/07/intro.md +++ b/exo/07/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,18 @@ # Exodus 07 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Miracles -#### Miracles When Yahweh had Moses perform miracles, Pharaoh's men were able to copy these miracles. It is unknown how they were able to do this, but since it was not from Yahweh, they were probably done under some evil power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -#### Pharaoh's hard heart +### Pharaoh's hard heart + Pharaoh's heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh's instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Let my people go +### Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to * __[Exodus 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/08/01.md b/exo/08/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/01.md +++ b/exo/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/02.md b/exo/08/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/02.md +++ b/exo/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/03.md b/exo/08/03.md index a089edb090..c58a8e93e9 100644 --- a/exo/08/03.md +++ b/exo/08/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # kneading bowls These are bowls in which bread is made. - diff --git a/exo/08/04.md b/exo/08/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/04.md +++ b/exo/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/05.md b/exo/08/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/05.md +++ b/exo/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/06.md b/exo/08/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/06.md +++ b/exo/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/07.md b/exo/08/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/07.md +++ b/exo/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/08.md b/exo/08/08.md index e483b40b15..de98f76051 100644 --- a/exo/08/08.md +++ b/exo/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron "Then Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron" - diff --git a/exo/08/09.md b/exo/08/09.md index 87276323d7..35b4c5e6a4 100644 --- a/exo/08/09.md +++ b/exo/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Honor yourself over me. When should I pray ... river? "The honor is yours to tell me when to pray ... river." - diff --git a/exo/08/10.md b/exo/08/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/10.md +++ b/exo/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/11.md b/exo/08/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/11.md +++ b/exo/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/12.md b/exo/08/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/12.md +++ b/exo/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/13.md b/exo/08/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/13.md +++ b/exo/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/14.md b/exo/08/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/14.md +++ b/exo/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/15.md b/exo/08/15.md index e6c9f2f849..4d8ac98900 100644 --- a/exo/08/15.md +++ b/exo/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # just as Yahweh had said that he would do "just as Yahweh had said Pharaoh would do" - diff --git a/exo/08/16.md b/exo/08/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/16.md +++ b/exo/08/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/17.md b/exo/08/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/17.md +++ b/exo/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/18.md b/exo/08/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/18.md +++ b/exo/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/19.md b/exo/08/19.md index 92152f5b50..79c701a622 100644 --- a/exo/08/19.md +++ b/exo/08/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "finger of God" represent the power of God. Alternate translation: "Th # Pharaoh's heart was hardened Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: "Pharaoh became more defiant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/08/20.md b/exo/08/20.md index e1cee6d4fa..a82b70783d 100644 --- a/exo/08/20.md +++ b/exo/08/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Let my people go "set my people free" - diff --git a/exo/08/21.md b/exo/08/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/21.md +++ b/exo/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/22.md b/exo/08/22.md index 25758fb659..2318535679 100644 --- a/exo/08/22.md +++ b/exo/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh through Moses. - diff --git a/exo/08/23.md b/exo/08/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/23.md +++ b/exo/08/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/24.md b/exo/08/24.md index 47eccb5416..33cd64bbac 100644 --- a/exo/08/24.md +++ b/exo/08/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land was ruined because of the swarms of flies This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the swarms of flies devastated the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/08/25.md b/exo/08/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/25.md +++ b/exo/08/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/26.md b/exo/08/26.md index 4c6075e877..bba65d3a30 100644 --- a/exo/08/26.md +++ b/exo/08/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a customary way of saying "in the presence of someone." Alternate trans # will they not stone us? Moses asks this question to show Pharaoh the Egyptians would allow the Israelites to worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: "they will certainly stone us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/08/27.md b/exo/08/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/27.md +++ b/exo/08/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/28.md b/exo/08/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/28.md +++ b/exo/08/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/29.md b/exo/08/29.md index 6dbe6fd5d9..04f356f0a0 100644 --- a/exo/08/29.md +++ b/exo/08/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "you must begin to d # But you must not deal deceitfully "But you must not deceive us" or "But you must not lie to us" - diff --git a/exo/08/30.md b/exo/08/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/30.md +++ b/exo/08/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/31.md b/exo/08/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/08/31.md +++ b/exo/08/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/08/32.md b/exo/08/32.md index 64298cf1e5..8fa7a09b94 100644 --- a/exo/08/32.md +++ b/exo/08/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pharaoh hardened his heart Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: "Pharaoh became more defiant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/08/intro.md b/exo/08/intro.md index 69232c6489..d89bed4853 100644 --- a/exo/08/intro.md +++ b/exo/08/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ # Exodus 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Pharaoh's hard heart -#### Pharaoh's hard heart Pharaoh's heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh's instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Let my people go +### Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to * __[Exodus 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/09/01.md b/exo/09/01.md index df6f857bba..bc4c744a6d 100644 --- a/exo/09/01.md +++ b/exo/09/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues talking with Moses about dealing with Pharaoh and bringing the Hebrew people out of Egypt. - diff --git a/exo/09/02.md b/exo/09/02.md index 546c7aee02..b86f66213d 100644 --- a/exo/09/02.md +++ b/exo/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if you refuse to let them go, if you still keep them back These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They will emphasize to Pharaoh what will happen if Pharaoh does this. Alternate translation: "if you continue refusing to let them go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/03.md b/exo/09/03.md index 3b14476af2..12ff0ac45c 100644 --- a/exo/09/03.md +++ b/exo/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hand" here represents Yahweh's power to afflict their animals with dis # on your livestock The word "your" here refers to all the people of Egypt who owned livestock. - diff --git a/exo/09/04.md b/exo/09/04.md index 7aeb4804cc..044c7b71a5 100644 --- a/exo/09/04.md +++ b/exo/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "the livest # livestock of Egypt Here "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: "the livestock belonging to the people of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/05.md b/exo/09/05.md index 1bc47e2ce8..f3dd0aefa0 100644 --- a/exo/09/05.md +++ b/exo/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fixed a time "set a time" or "appointed a time" - diff --git a/exo/09/06.md b/exo/09/06.md index 7f15b9cc81..228b9d49d2 100644 --- a/exo/09/06.md +++ b/exo/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is exaggerated to emphasize the seriousness of the event. There were still # cattle of Egypt Here "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: "the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/07.md b/exo/09/07.md index 9bee0dc2eb..71785f3046 100644 --- a/exo/09/07.md +++ b/exo/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" here shows that Pharaoh was surprised by what he saw. # his heart was stubborn Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. Alternate translation: "he refused to change his mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/08.md b/exo/09/08.md index 6c9610a44a..33abc603f7 100644 --- a/exo/09/08.md +++ b/exo/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # kiln a furnace - diff --git a/exo/09/09.md b/exo/09/09.md index bb0b79c901..174d267dac 100644 --- a/exo/09/09.md +++ b/exo/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ very small # to break out on "to quickly appear on" - diff --git a/exo/09/10.md b/exo/09/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/10.md +++ b/exo/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/11.md b/exo/09/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/11.md +++ b/exo/09/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/12.md b/exo/09/12.md index 89faf4a0d9..50aaa95cf0 100644 --- a/exo/09/12.md +++ b/exo/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh hardened Pharaoh's heart Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/13.md b/exo/09/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/13.md +++ b/exo/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/14.md b/exo/09/14.md index d978d2b7f9..d16f34b064 100644 --- a/exo/09/14.md +++ b/exo/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that even Pharaoh will be hurt by the plagues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # I will do this so that you may know The word "this" refers to the plagues that Moses had just told Pharaoh about. - diff --git a/exo/09/15.md b/exo/09/15.md index ac2e7955e7..04d9179aa7 100644 --- a/exo/09/15.md +++ b/exo/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reached out with my hand and attacked you Here "my hand" refers to God's power. Alternate translation: "used my power to strike you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/16.md b/exo/09/16.md index fcec319cb4..97907ce442 100644 --- a/exo/09/16.md +++ b/exo/09/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that my name may be proclaimed throughout all the earth Here "my name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate translation: "so that people everywhere will know I am great" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/17.md b/exo/09/17.md index a2557a7e80..c0d086ad69 100644 --- a/exo/09/17.md +++ b/exo/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lifting yourself up against my people Pharaoh's opposition to letting Israel go to worship Yahweh is spoken of as if he was raising himself up as a barrier to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/18.md b/exo/09/18.md index bd45da45c4..665e158f79 100644 --- a/exo/09/18.md +++ b/exo/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Listen! "Pay attention to the important thing I am about to tell you" - diff --git a/exo/09/19.md b/exo/09/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/19.md +++ b/exo/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/20.md b/exo/09/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/20.md +++ b/exo/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/21.md b/exo/09/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/21.md +++ b/exo/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/22.md b/exo/09/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/22.md +++ b/exo/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/23.md b/exo/09/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/23.md +++ b/exo/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/24.md b/exo/09/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/24.md +++ b/exo/09/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/25.md b/exo/09/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/25.md +++ b/exo/09/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/26.md b/exo/09/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/26.md +++ b/exo/09/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/27.md b/exo/09/27.md index 71a1cefdcf..a94a17444e 100644 --- a/exo/09/27.md +++ b/exo/09/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to summon "to call" - diff --git a/exo/09/28.md b/exo/09/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/09/28.md +++ b/exo/09/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/09/29.md b/exo/09/29.md index 93e968c815..fa902bcd08 100644 --- a/exo/09/29.md +++ b/exo/09/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # spread my hands out to Yahweh This symbolic gesture accompanies prayer. Alternate translation: "lift up my hands and pray to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/30.md b/exo/09/30.md index 6547bc6cf4..70a320e929 100644 --- a/exo/09/30.md +++ b/exo/09/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # honor Yahweh God Honoring God involves obeying him and living in a way that shows how great he is. - diff --git a/exo/09/31.md b/exo/09/31.md index 28d09a69fd..2aeb30f649 100644 --- a/exo/09/31.md +++ b/exo/09/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a plant that produces fibers that can be made into linen cloth. # barley This is a type of grain used for making bread; also used for cattle feed. - diff --git a/exo/09/32.md b/exo/09/32.md index 81114ee07c..0768941755 100644 --- a/exo/09/32.md +++ b/exo/09/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spelt This is a kind of wheat. - diff --git a/exo/09/33.md b/exo/09/33.md index f83a74b43f..5053da1251 100644 --- a/exo/09/33.md +++ b/exo/09/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spread out his hands to Yahweh This symbolic gesture accompanies prayer. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:29](../09/29.md). Alternate translation: "lifted up his hands toward Yahweh and prayed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/34.md b/exo/09/34.md index e6dae8ff94..7c4cfeb107 100644 --- a/exo/09/34.md +++ b/exo/09/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hardened his heart Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: "became more defiant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/35.md b/exo/09/35.md index 2883ebcb71..42acadd8fb 100644 --- a/exo/09/35.md +++ b/exo/09/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his hea # just as Yahweh had spoken by the hand of Moses Here "the hand of Moses" is a metonym for Moses's activity in speaking. Yahweh had told Moses that Pharaoh would not let the people go, and Moses repeated it. Alternate translation: "just had Yahweh had said through Moses" or "just as Yahweh had said through Moses that Pharaoh would do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/09/intro.md b/exo/09/intro.md index d6c4755e78..e40ae03064 100644 --- a/exo/09/intro.md +++ b/exo/09/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Exodus 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Pharaoh's hard heart +### Pharaoh's hard heart Pharaoh's heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh's instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Let my people go +### Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to * __[Exodus 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/10/01.md b/exo/10/01.md index 9b313ba27e..af3a47efed 100644 --- a/exo/10/01.md +++ b/exo/10/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants Yahweh speaks of making Pharaoh and his servants stubborn as if he were making their hearts hard. See how you translated "Yahweh hardened Pharaoh's heart" in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/02.md b/exo/10/02.md index ff31cb1aa0..c26e461241 100644 --- a/exo/10/02.md +++ b/exo/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # various signs "many different signs" - diff --git a/exo/10/03.md b/exo/10/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/03.md +++ b/exo/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/04.md b/exo/10/04.md index 1893a3cb37..c286e50068 100644 --- a/exo/10/04.md +++ b/exo/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # listen This word adds emphasis to what is said next. Alternate translation: "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/05.md b/exo/10/05.md index d3a4849b89..b5bfe40b29 100644 --- a/exo/10/05.md +++ b/exo/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hail Hail is raindrops that freeze while falling from the clouds. - diff --git a/exo/10/06.md b/exo/10/06.md index 238cefa08f..c50fb3f300 100644 --- a/exo/10/06.md +++ b/exo/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nothing ever seen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nothing anyone has ever seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/07.md b/exo/10/07.md index 5be39586bf..8001b2752a 100644 --- a/exo/10/07.md +++ b/exo/10/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Pharaoh's servants ask this question to bring Pharaoh to recognize what he refus # that Egypt is destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that these plagues have destroyed Egypt" or "that their God has destroyed Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/08.md b/exo/10/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/08.md +++ b/exo/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/09.md b/exo/10/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/09.md +++ b/exo/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/10.md b/exo/10/10.md index db0c6efed9..94a2b137ca 100644 --- a/exo/10/10.md +++ b/exo/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Pharaoh said this to emphasize that he would not let the Israelites take the wom # little ones This phrase is a synecdoche for everyone in the family except the man (the father and husband), including wives, children, and servants. - diff --git a/exo/10/11.md b/exo/10/11.md index 4d667e9e5a..60da15c31e 100644 --- a/exo/10/11.md +++ b/exo/10/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Moses and Aaron were driven out from Pharaoh's presence This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then Pharaoh drove Moses and Aaron out from his presence" or "Then Pharaoh had his servants drive Moses and Aaron out from his presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/12.md b/exo/10/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/12.md +++ b/exo/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/13.md b/exo/10/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/13.md +++ b/exo/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/14.md b/exo/10/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/14.md +++ b/exo/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/15.md b/exo/10/15.md index 59cba40f19..3d384d7570 100644 --- a/exo/10/15.md +++ b/exo/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that it was darkened There were so many locusts that the land appeared to be dark. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that they darkened the land" or "so that the land appeared dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/16.md b/exo/10/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/16.md +++ b/exo/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/17.md b/exo/10/17.md index 1766ddee95..81b981355c 100644 --- a/exo/10/17.md +++ b/exo/10/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # take this death away from me The word "death" here refers to the destruction by the locusts of all plants in Egypt, which would eventually lead to the deaths of people because there were no crops. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "stop this destruction that will lead to our deaths" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/18.md b/exo/10/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/18.md +++ b/exo/10/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/19.md b/exo/10/19.md index b5d98b8faf..5a69c8024a 100644 --- a/exo/10/19.md +++ b/exo/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # picked up the locusts "moved the locusts upwards" - diff --git a/exo/10/20.md b/exo/10/20.md index 5b2d63a819..6aade8716f 100644 --- a/exo/10/20.md +++ b/exo/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh hardened Pharaoh's heart Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: "caused Pharaoh to became more defiant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/21.md b/exo/10/21.md index 90b942a236..b4bacd0dd7 100644 --- a/exo/10/21.md +++ b/exo/10/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # darkness that may be felt Yahweh speaks of extreme darkness as if it is so thick that people can grasp it in their hands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "dense darkness that people can grasp with their hands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/22.md b/exo/10/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/22.md +++ b/exo/10/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/23.md b/exo/10/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/23.md +++ b/exo/10/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/24.md b/exo/10/24.md index aa6dce89b0..289512d24a 100644 --- a/exo/10/24.md +++ b/exo/10/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # little ones This phrase is a synecdoche for everyone in the family except the man (the father and husband), including wives, children, and servants. See how you translated this in [Exodus 10:10](../10/10.md). - diff --git a/exo/10/25.md b/exo/10/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/10/25.md +++ b/exo/10/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/10/26.md b/exo/10/26.md index be33bbb44c..6302e5fe3e 100644 --- a/exo/10/26.md +++ b/exo/10/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not a hoof of them may be left behind Here the word "hoof" refers to the entire animal. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we cannot leave behind a single animal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/27.md b/exo/10/27.md index 3e72fd29c0..e50cd6d277 100644 --- a/exo/10/27.md +++ b/exo/10/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his hea # he would not let them go "Pharaoh would not let them go" - diff --git a/exo/10/28.md b/exo/10/28.md index b98048d3ce..a550267b09 100644 --- a/exo/10/28.md +++ b/exo/10/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you see my face Here the word "face" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "you see me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/29.md b/exo/10/29.md index f0d6f44ba0..f5bd91e914 100644 --- a/exo/10/29.md +++ b/exo/10/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You yourself have spoken With these words, Moses emphasizes that Pharaoh has spoken the truth. Alternate translation: "What you have said is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/exo/10/intro.md b/exo/10/intro.md index 348778103c..fa1a0c243b 100644 --- a/exo/10/intro.md +++ b/exo/10/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Exodus 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Pharaoh's hard heart +### Pharaoh's hard heart Pharaoh's heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh's instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Let my people go +### Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to * __[Exodus 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/11/01.md b/exo/11/01.md index 0293894ec1..bcc72d9691 100644 --- a/exo/11/01.md +++ b/exo/11/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will let you go from here Each occurrence of the word "you" in this verse is plural and refers to Moses and the rest of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/11/02.md b/exo/11/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/11/02.md +++ b/exo/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/11/03.md b/exo/11/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/11/03.md +++ b/exo/11/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/11/04.md b/exo/11/04.md index b1ad05e929..d6a82c6c53 100644 --- a/exo/11/04.md +++ b/exo/11/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # midnight This is the time of 12 am (at night) or 2400 hours. - diff --git a/exo/11/05.md b/exo/11/05.md index 481043aded..31710222d9 100644 --- a/exo/11/05.md +++ b/exo/11/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to Pharaoh. # who is behind the handmill grinding it "who is grinding at the handmill" or "who is behind the handmill grinding grain" - diff --git a/exo/11/06.md b/exo/11/06.md index 7ae8596821..4507e74473 100644 --- a/exo/11/06.md +++ b/exo/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # great outcry -Here the "outcry" is of pain and grief over the death of the children. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). - +Here the "outcry" is of pain and grief over the death of the children. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). diff --git a/exo/11/07.md b/exo/11/07.md index 911eabda99..5c3de815f9 100644 --- a/exo/11/07.md +++ b/exo/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # making a distinction between He is setting the Israelites apart from the Egyptians. The words "making a distinction" translate the same Hebrew word as "set ... apart" in [Exodus 8:22](../08/22.md), so if your language has a word or phrase for both ideas, you may want to use it there and here. - diff --git a/exo/11/08.md b/exo/11/08.md index f0a13b6f72..5264700e3c 100644 --- a/exo/11/08.md +++ b/exo/11/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # After that I will go out This means that Moses and the people of Israel will leave Egypt. Alternate translation: "After that I will leave here" or "After that I will go out from Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/11/09.md b/exo/11/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/11/09.md +++ b/exo/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/11/10.md b/exo/11/10.md index 68d4e222cb..f0a6d5d9fb 100644 --- a/exo/11/10.md +++ b/exo/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh hardened Pharaoh's heart Here "heart" refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/11/intro.md b/exo/11/intro.md index bf98464985..56ad7f7f6c 100644 --- a/exo/11/intro.md +++ b/exo/11/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Exodus 11 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Pharaoh's hard heart +### Pharaoh's hard heart Pharaoh's heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh's instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Let my people go +### Let my people go In the previous chapters, Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" of the Hebrew people. Instead, he demanded that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. In this chapter, the same wording is used to refer to Pharaoh "allowing" the Hebrew people to leave Egypt. @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In the previous chapters, Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" * __[Exodus 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/12/01.md b/exo/12/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/01.md +++ b/exo/12/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/02.md b/exo/12/02.md index 484940673b..261351188f 100644 --- a/exo/12/02.md +++ b/exo/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the month in # the first month of the year The first month of the Hebrew calendar includes the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. It marks when Yahweh rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/03.md b/exo/12/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/03.md +++ b/exo/12/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/04.md b/exo/12/04.md index e35a83829d..263a5fa9cb 100644 --- a/exo/12/04.md +++ b/exo/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that there are not enough people in the family to eat an entire lamb. # the man and his next door neighbor Here "the man" refers to the man who is the leader of the household. - diff --git a/exo/12/05.md b/exo/12/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/05.md +++ b/exo/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/06.md b/exo/12/06.md index 65781c3b4c..d070ab59a6 100644 --- a/exo/12/06.md +++ b/exo/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twilight This refers to the time of evening after the sun has set but while there is still some light. - diff --git a/exo/12/07.md b/exo/12/07.md index 0bfbbb0ef0..8593283ce7 100644 --- a/exo/12/07.md +++ b/exo/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the two side doorposts and on the tops of the doorframes of the houses "on the sides and top of the way into the house" - diff --git a/exo/12/08.md b/exo/12/08.md index ca5f59a574..37295cce38 100644 --- a/exo/12/08.md +++ b/exo/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Eat it with bread whi # bitter herbs These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste. - diff --git a/exo/12/09.md b/exo/12/09.md index a92894ad42..805b5366a5 100644 --- a/exo/12/09.md +++ b/exo/12/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not eat it raw "Do not eat the lamb or goat uncooked" - diff --git a/exo/12/10.md b/exo/12/10.md index 1f40637d82..3782c0f9a3 100644 --- a/exo/12/10.md +++ b/exo/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must not let any of it be left over until morning This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not leave any of it until the morning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/11.md b/exo/12/11.md index 43374d4e1f..e32e5c321b 100644 --- a/exo/12/11.md +++ b/exo/12/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a strip of leather or fabric for tying around the waist. # It is Yahweh's Passover Here the word "it" refers to eating the animal on the tenth day of the month. Alternate translation: "This observance is Yahweh's Passover" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/12.md b/exo/12/12.md index de214c5213..9ca408023d 100644 --- a/exo/12/12.md +++ b/exo/12/12.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ # I will do acts of judgment on all -"I will bring judgment on all" or "I will punish all." These "acts of judgment" will be acts with which Yahweh will punish the gods of Egypt. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:6](../06/06.md). - - +"I will bring judgment on all" or "I will punish all." These "acts of judgment" will be acts with which Yahweh will punish the gods of Egypt. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:6](../06/06.md). diff --git a/exo/12/13.md b/exo/12/13.md index b1ddda6449..37618363d4 100644 --- a/exo/12/13.md +++ b/exo/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This implies that Yahweh will see the blood which indicates an Israelite home. A # I will pass over you The words "pass over" were a customary way of saying to not visit or enter. Alternate translation: "I will not enter your house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/14.md b/exo/12/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/14.md +++ b/exo/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/15.md b/exo/12/15.md index 981fbf7f04..765383c7d3 100644 --- a/exo/12/15.md +++ b/exo/12/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that person must be cut off from Israel The metaphor "cut off" has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) "the people of Israel must send him away" or 2) "I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel" or 3) "the people of Israel must kill him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/16.md b/exo/12/16.md index 42c3c074f5..8a9d550c9a 100644 --- a/exo/12/16.md +++ b/exo/12/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You will do no work o # That must be the only work that may be done by you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "That must be the only work that you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/17.md b/exo/12/17.md index 2144b70bf6..ef31cf275e 100644 --- a/exo/12/17.md +++ b/exo/12/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God was about to bring his people out of Egypt, and he was giving them instructi # your hosts A host is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. God speaks of the many people of Israel as if they were an army of many soldiers. Alternate translation: "your armies" or "your tribes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/18.md b/exo/12/18.md index 0eb05c0c7f..2ab915a5e8 100644 --- a/exo/12/18.md +++ b/exo/12/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourteenth day is near the b # the twenty-first day of the month "the twenty-first day of the first month." This is near the middle of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/19.md b/exo/12/19.md index b808ef4b98..fbecbe3049 100644 --- a/exo/12/19.md +++ b/exo/12/19.md @@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "there must not be any # must be cut off from the community of Israel -The metaphor "cut off" has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) "the people of Israel must send him away" or 2) "I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel" or 3) "the people of Israel must kill him." See how you translated "must be cut off from Israel" in [Exodus 12:15](../12/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - +The metaphor "cut off" has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) "the people of Israel must send him away" or 2) "I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel" or 3) "the people of Israel must kill him." See how you translated "must be cut off from Israel" in [Exodus 12:15](../12/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/exo/12/20.md b/exo/12/20.md index e7230329b2..55bde85271 100644 --- a/exo/12/20.md +++ b/exo/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bread made without yeast This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:8](../12/08.md). Alternate translation: "bread which you have made without yeast" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/21.md b/exo/12/21.md index 7f53adf466..e33d1b0483 100644 --- a/exo/12/21.md +++ b/exo/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # summoned officially called - diff --git a/exo/12/22.md b/exo/12/22.md index ea2908534b..097f67a99b 100644 --- a/exo/12/22.md +++ b/exo/12/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a woody plant with small leaves that can be used for sprinkling liquids # the top of the doorframe and the two doorposts "on the sides and top of the way into the house." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:7](../12/07.md). - diff --git a/exo/12/23.md b/exo/12/23.md index 0a23ff331a..4164aaee9f 100644 --- a/exo/12/23.md +++ b/exo/12/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pass over your door Here the word "door" implies the entire house. This means that God will spare the Israelites in houses with blood on the doors. Alternate translation: "pass over your house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/24.md b/exo/12/24.md index 70aa0522ea..321cc06da3 100644 --- a/exo/12/24.md +++ b/exo/12/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this event These words refer to the Passover or Festival of Unleavened Bread. Observing the Passover was an act of worshiping Yahweh. - diff --git a/exo/12/25.md b/exo/12/25.md index 6cbe3a8780..8cf3c1bd2f 100644 --- a/exo/12/25.md +++ b/exo/12/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this act of worship These words refer to the Passover or Festival of Unleavened Bread. Observing the Passover was an act of worshiping Yahweh. - diff --git a/exo/12/26.md b/exo/12/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/26.md +++ b/exo/12/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/27.md b/exo/12/27.md index e61fb2a5b6..f1235bff78 100644 --- a/exo/12/27.md +++ b/exo/12/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He set our households free This means that Yahweh spared the Israelites' firstborn sons. Alternate translation: "He did not kill the firstborn sons in our houses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/28.md b/exo/12/28.md index 44efbd56f6..9c3be0613c 100644 --- a/exo/12/28.md +++ b/exo/12/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron "everything that Yahweh told Moses and Aaron to do" - diff --git a/exo/12/29.md b/exo/12/29.md index 75d3e07c8c..ea9f9f8071 100644 --- a/exo/12/29.md +++ b/exo/12/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Pharaoh. # the firstborn of the person in the dungeon "to the firstborn of people in the dungeon." This refers to prisoners in general, not to a specific person in the dungeon. - diff --git a/exo/12/30.md b/exo/12/30.md index 60ef1d7f3a..578d0eb052 100644 --- a/exo/12/30.md +++ b/exo/12/30.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ This can be stated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: "All the Egyptians # loud outcry -Here the "outcry" is of pain and grief over the death of the children. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). +Here the "outcry" is of pain and grief over the death of the children. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). # for there was not a house where there was not someone dead This double negative emphasizes the positive. Alternate translation: "because someone was dead in every house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/31.md b/exo/12/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/31.md +++ b/exo/12/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/32.md b/exo/12/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/32.md +++ b/exo/12/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/33.md b/exo/12/33.md index 5f60ad17b7..f91eba8e24 100644 --- a/exo/12/33.md +++ b/exo/12/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We will all die The Egyptians were afraid that they would die if the Israelites did not leave Egypt. Alternate translation: "We will all die if you do not leave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/34.md b/exo/12/34.md index ca40da6a0b..623db9ddfd 100644 --- a/exo/12/34.md +++ b/exo/12/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their kneading bowls were already tied up in their clothes and on their shoulders This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They had already tied up their kneading bowls in their clothes and on their shoulders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/35.md b/exo/12/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/35.md +++ b/exo/12/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/36.md b/exo/12/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/36.md +++ b/exo/12/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/37.md b/exo/12/37.md index 4ba2df646b..781c7b1076 100644 --- a/exo/12/37.md +++ b/exo/12/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Rameses was a major Egyptian city where grain was stored. See how you translated # little ones This phrase is a synecdoche for everyone in the family except the man (the father and husband), including wives, children, and servants. See how you translated this in [Exodus 10:10](../10/10.md). - diff --git a/exo/12/38.md b/exo/12/38.md index e0e78b0e79..8653bca089 100644 --- a/exo/12/38.md +++ b/exo/12/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A mixed multitude also went A multitude is a very large number of people. The word "mixed" here means that the people belonged to differnt ethnic groups. Alternate translation: "A crowd of people from other ethnic groups also went" - diff --git a/exo/12/39.md b/exo/12/39.md index 16810c08b7..5cc0aed8fe 100644 --- a/exo/12/39.md +++ b/exo/12/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they had been driven out of Egypt This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Egyptians had driven them out of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/40.md b/exo/12/40.md index 27509707ba..1f3d2b0b47 100644 --- a/exo/12/40.md +++ b/exo/12/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 430 years "four hundred and thirty years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/41.md b/exo/12/41.md index a2a7669be9..f5c45a29b2 100644 --- a/exo/12/41.md +++ b/exo/12/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Yahweh's armed groups This refers to the tribes of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/12/42.md b/exo/12/42.md index bf2b725f26..a53b062dd8 100644 --- a/exo/12/42.md +++ b/exo/12/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that all the people o # all the people of Israel throughout their people's generations "all the people of Israel and the all the generations of their descendants" - diff --git a/exo/12/43.md b/exo/12/43.md index 1ea6dabca8..b014dfe141 100644 --- a/exo/12/43.md +++ b/exo/12/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No foreigner may share in eating it The pronoun "it" refers to the Passover meal. - diff --git a/exo/12/44.md b/exo/12/44.md index ae787d61b2..15910a9f0f 100644 --- a/exo/12/44.md +++ b/exo/12/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bought with money This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the Israelite has bought with money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/45.md b/exo/12/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/45.md +++ b/exo/12/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/46.md b/exo/12/46.md index 2b0281ed60..4d3995a168 100644 --- a/exo/12/46.md +++ b/exo/12/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Each Israelite family # you must not break any bone of it "you must not break any of its bones." Here the word "it" refers to the lamb which the Israelite family will eat. - diff --git a/exo/12/47.md b/exo/12/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/47.md +++ b/exo/12/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/48.md b/exo/12/48.md index 9094840b81..841088eca6 100644 --- a/exo/12/48.md +++ b/exo/12/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "land" refers to Canaan. The expression "born in the land" means a # no uncircumcised person may eat This can be stated in positive terms. Alternate translation: "only circumcised people may eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/exo/12/49.md b/exo/12/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/12/49.md +++ b/exo/12/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/12/50.md b/exo/12/50.md index 44efbd56f6..9c3be0613c 100644 --- a/exo/12/50.md +++ b/exo/12/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron "everything that Yahweh told Moses and Aaron to do" - diff --git a/exo/12/51.md b/exo/12/51.md index 4176108656..a04700330d 100644 --- a/exo/12/51.md +++ b/exo/12/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # by their armed groups The term used for these groups is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. See how you translated "armed group" in [Exodus 12:41](../12/41.md). Alternate translation: "by their divisions" or "by their regiments" - diff --git a/exo/12/intro.md b/exo/12/intro.md index 4141c2e2b4..1aed8af8ff 100644 --- a/exo/12/intro.md +++ b/exo/12/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Exodus 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The events of this chapter are known as the Passover. They are remembered in the celebration of Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Unleavened bread -#### Unleavened bread The concept of unleavened bread is introduced in this chapter. Its significance stems from its connection to the events in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/unleavenedbread]]) -#### Ethnic segregation +### Ethnic segregation + The Hebrew people were to be separate from the rest of the world. Because of this, they separated themselves from other people groups. At this time, these foreigners were looked upon as unholy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ The Hebrew people were to be separate from the rest of the world. Because of thi * __[Exodus 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/13/01.md b/exo/13/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/13/01.md +++ b/exo/13/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/13/02.md b/exo/13/02.md index 0af15c3f51..b2fd85c8b2 100644 --- a/exo/13/02.md +++ b/exo/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Set apart to me ... every firstborn male God requires that every firstborn male child be set apart for him. - diff --git a/exo/13/03.md b/exo/13/03.md index 743464b6af..b884f2c53c 100644 --- a/exo/13/03.md +++ b/exo/13/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hand" refers to power. See how you translated "strong hand" in [E # No bread with yeast may be eaten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must not eat bread with yeast" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/13/04.md b/exo/13/04.md index a8c71322de..5330997978 100644 --- a/exo/13/04.md +++ b/exo/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the month of Aviv This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/13/05.md b/exo/13/05.md index 5d441d02fe..c4dc554f99 100644 --- a/exo/13/05.md +++ b/exo/13/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must observe this act of worship When the Israelites live in Canaan, they must celebrate the Passover on this day each year. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 12:25](../12/25.md). - diff --git a/exo/13/06.md b/exo/13/06.md index bd37c0c329..923af6c1a6 100644 --- a/exo/13/06.md +++ b/exo/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel. # For seven days "For 7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/13/07.md b/exo/13/07.md index 3bcbfd7bb7..d28c123dcf 100644 --- a/exo/13/07.md +++ b/exo/13/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You may not have any # within any of your borders "inside any of the borders of your land" - diff --git a/exo/13/08.md b/exo/13/08.md index cd23a273f7..ee26ba6a5d 100644 --- a/exo/13/08.md +++ b/exo/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # On that day you are to say to your children, 'This is because of what Yahweh did for me when I came out of Egypt.' The quotation can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "On that day you are to tell your children that this is because of what Yahweh did for you when you came out of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/exo/13/09.md b/exo/13/09.md index ae8fd06e0d..38c803fcb3 100644 --- a/exo/13/09.md +++ b/exo/13/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "in your mouth" here refers to the words that they speak. Alternate tr # strong hand The word "hand" here represents God's actions or works. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate translation: "the power I show in my works" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/13/10.md b/exo/13/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/13/10.md +++ b/exo/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/13/11.md b/exo/13/11.md index 0f0ee717d0..46bed3419e 100644 --- a/exo/13/11.md +++ b/exo/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when he gives the land to you "when he gives the land of the Canaanites to you" - diff --git a/exo/13/12.md b/exo/13/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/13/12.md +++ b/exo/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/13/13.md b/exo/13/13.md index 70c94b8947..f6b76a2e26 100644 --- a/exo/13/13.md +++ b/exo/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Every firstborn of a donkey Israel is given a choice to kill the firstborn donkey or buy it back with a lamb. - diff --git a/exo/13/14.md b/exo/13/14.md index 92a2b63884..6cbfeef1f8 100644 --- a/exo/13/14.md +++ b/exo/13/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hand" here represents God's actions or works. See how you translated t # the house of slavery Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:3](../13/03.md). Alternate translation: "the place where you were slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/13/15.md b/exo/13/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/13/15.md +++ b/exo/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/13/16.md b/exo/13/16.md index de735a5a58..2bd06fcccb 100644 --- a/exo/13/16.md +++ b/exo/13/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # become a reminder on your hands, and a reminder on your forehead This expresses two ways to remember the importance of the passover event. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 13:9](./09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/exo/13/17.md b/exo/13/17.md index 85b00ce537..db1c19458c 100644 --- a/exo/13/17.md +++ b/exo/13/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the people will change their minds ... and ... return to Egypt Since Israelites had lived in slavery all their lives, they were more accustomed to peace than to war and would rather return to slavery than fight. - diff --git a/exo/13/18.md b/exo/13/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/13/18.md +++ b/exo/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/13/19.md b/exo/13/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/13/19.md +++ b/exo/13/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/13/20.md b/exo/13/20.md index a3364770f0..f88ffb5742 100644 --- a/exo/13/20.md +++ b/exo/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # camped at Etham Etham is located south of the route heading towards the Philistines, at the border of the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/13/21.md b/exo/13/21.md index 5e596f549c..19ef18a58a 100644 --- a/exo/13/21.md +++ b/exo/13/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pillar of cloud ... pillar of fire "a cloud in the shape of a column ... fire in the shape of a column." God is with them in a cloud by day and in a fire by night. - diff --git a/exo/13/22.md b/exo/13/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/13/22.md +++ b/exo/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/13/intro.md b/exo/13/intro.md index 790e1aec67..7fa2237b52 100644 --- a/exo/13/intro.md +++ b/exo/13/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # Exodus 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter records the instructions for the celebration of Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Law -#### Law The law mentioned here is not the law of Moses because it has not yet been revealed. Instead, it is a more generic "rule." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Let my people go +### Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to "let go" of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. When this chapter states that Pharaoh let the people go, it indicates that he gave them permission to leave. @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to * __[Exodus 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/14/01.md b/exo/14/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/14/01.md +++ b/exo/14/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/14/02.md b/exo/14/02.md index 1f09ee8d59..72b3933ba9 100644 --- a/exo/14/02.md +++ b/exo/14/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are towns on Egypt's eastern border. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate- # You are to camp Here the word "You" is plural and refers to Moses and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/03.md b/exo/14/03.md index b1f574fdd5..7d398cf018 100644 --- a/exo/14/03.md +++ b/exo/14/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "Pharaoh will sa # The wilderness has closed in on them Pharaoh speaks of the wilderness as a person who has trapped the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/04.md b/exo/14/04.md index f2b92dc70b..cf876b53ff 100644 --- a/exo/14/04.md +++ b/exo/14/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to the Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his # So the Israelites camped as they were instructed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So the Israelites camped as Yahweh had instructed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/05.md b/exo/14/05.md index 9c1c66cc03..aaf1287f71 100644 --- a/exo/14/05.md +++ b/exo/14/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "minds" refers to their attitudes towards the Israelites. Alternat # What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us. They asked this question to show they thought they had done a foolish thing. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "We have done a stupid thing by letting Israel go free from working for us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/06.md b/exo/14/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/14/06.md +++ b/exo/14/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/14/07.md b/exo/14/07.md index 2a06b7b3f5..480e000e0f 100644 --- a/exo/14/07.md +++ b/exo/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He took six hundred chosen chariots "He took 600 of his best chariots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/08.md b/exo/14/08.md index da7a52c0a8..87ef8f5e5c 100644 --- a/exo/14/08.md +++ b/exo/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh Here "heart" refers to the Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/09.md b/exo/14/09.md index 2d3cf945dd..75248859d2 100644 --- a/exo/14/09.md +++ b/exo/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pi Hahiroth ... Baal Zephon These are towns on Egypt's eastern border. See how you translated them in [Exodus 14:2](../14/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/10.md b/exo/14/10.md index f374c4d85b..a2da8a82f6 100644 --- a/exo/14/10.md +++ b/exo/14/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Pharaoh" here represents the entire Egyptian army. Alternate translati # they were terrified "the Israelites were terrified" - diff --git a/exo/14/11.md b/exo/14/11.md index 8aa418357f..20033e26bd 100644 --- a/exo/14/11.md +++ b/exo/14/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelites ask this question to express their frustration and fear of dying. # Why have you treated us like this, bringing us out of Egypt? The Israelites ask this question to rebuke Moses for bringing them to the desert to die. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not have treated us like this by bringing us out of Egypt!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/12.md b/exo/14/12.md index ebf2acd336..d805fa9887 100644 --- a/exo/14/12.md +++ b/exo/14/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelites ask this question to emphasize that this is what they had told Mo # We said to you, 'Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians.' This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "We told you to leave us alone, so we could work for the Egyptians." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/13.md b/exo/14/13.md index 9bf23e9d26..9b31cf0e70 100644 --- a/exo/14/13.md +++ b/exo/14/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The pronoun "you" refers to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you] # For you will never see again the Egyptians Moses used a polite way of saying God was going to destroy the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: "For God will kill the Egyptians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/14.md b/exo/14/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/14/14.md +++ b/exo/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/14/15.md b/exo/14/15.md index 21a473530f..188b2ec5ed 100644 --- a/exo/14/15.md +++ b/exo/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why are you, Moses, continuing to call out to me? Moses apparently had been praying to God for help so God uses this question to compel Moses to act. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Do not call out to me any longer, Moses." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/16.md b/exo/14/16.md index 81ca74cfda..54917d1f3f 100644 --- a/exo/14/16.md +++ b/exo/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # divide it in two "divide the sea into two parts" - diff --git a/exo/14/17.md b/exo/14/17.md index 98f5009803..d72728a890 100644 --- a/exo/14/17.md +++ b/exo/14/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hearts" refers to the Egyptians themselves. Their stubborn attitude is spo # so they will go after them "so that the Egyptians will go into the sea after the Israelites" - diff --git a/exo/14/18.md b/exo/14/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/14/18.md +++ b/exo/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/14/19.md b/exo/14/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/14/19.md +++ b/exo/14/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/14/20.md b/exo/14/20.md index be13eb8d38..35427751e2 100644 --- a/exo/14/20.md +++ b/exo/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so one side did not come near the other This means that the Egyptians and the Israelites could not approach one another. - diff --git a/exo/14/21.md b/exo/14/21.md index 3a0bb9745e..9a2d8164b4 100644 --- a/exo/14/21.md +++ b/exo/14/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ where the sun rises # the waters were divided This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh divided the waters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/22.md b/exo/14/22.md index b2fcddea4f..48648d4a09 100644 --- a/exo/14/22.md +++ b/exo/14/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on their right hand and on their left "on each side of them" or "on both sides of them" - diff --git a/exo/14/23.md b/exo/14/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/14/23.md +++ b/exo/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/14/24.md b/exo/14/24.md index 8303aa72e9..473a690ac4 100644 --- a/exo/14/24.md +++ b/exo/14/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He threw the Egyptians into confusion The Egyptians were so afraid that they could not think normally. - diff --git a/exo/14/25.md b/exo/14/25.md index 634a34cbe2..255c8ba0f5 100644 --- a/exo/14/25.md +++ b/exo/14/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their chariot wheels were clogged This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Mud clogged their chariot wheels" or "Their chariot wheels were getting stuck in the mud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/14/26.md b/exo/14/26.md index 5395cf668c..ef0a1affd2 100644 --- a/exo/14/26.md +++ b/exo/14/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "Yahweh told Mos # come back onto "fall on" - diff --git a/exo/14/27.md b/exo/14/27.md index fdef49a673..eafc3b69dd 100644 --- a/exo/14/27.md +++ b/exo/14/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Since the sea was closing in on top of the Egyptians, instead of escaping, they # Yahweh drove the Egyptians "Yahweh pushed the Egyptians" or "Yahweh threw the Egyptians" - diff --git a/exo/14/28.md b/exo/14/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/14/28.md +++ b/exo/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/14/29.md b/exo/14/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/14/29.md +++ b/exo/14/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/14/30.md b/exo/14/30.md index 68c0724b5b..20df65309a 100644 --- a/exo/14/30.md +++ b/exo/14/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "from the Egyptians # on the seashore "on the land along the edge of the sea" - diff --git a/exo/14/31.md b/exo/14/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/14/31.md +++ b/exo/14/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/14/intro.md b/exo/14/intro.md index 75b5d03289..0123971db4 100644 --- a/exo/14/intro.md +++ b/exo/14/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # Exodus 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This is an important event in the history of Israel, known as the "parting of the Sea of Reeds." -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Pharaoh's hard heart +### Pharaoh's hard heart Pharaoh's heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh's instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. -#### Pharaoh's chariots +### Pharaoh's chariots + These chariots were a fighting force. Pharaoh took an army to kill the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions The Israelites asked a few rhetorical questions of Moses. These questions were not really directed at Moses, but at Yahweh. This showed their lack of faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) ## Links: @@ -23,4 +25,3 @@ The Israelites asked a few rhetorical questions of Moses. These questions were n * __[Exodus 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/15/01.md b/exo/15/01.md index 25afed9c78..8dac476885 100644 --- a/exo/15/01.md +++ b/exo/15/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to all or many of the Egyptian horses and riders that were chasing t # rider This is a person who sits on a horse or travels in a chariot that a horse is pulling. - diff --git a/exo/15/02.md b/exo/15/02.md index 0360f77f36..efdf2f1455 100644 --- a/exo/15/02.md +++ b/exo/15/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses calls Yahweh his song because Yahweh is the one he sings about. Alternate # he has become my salvation Moses calls God his salvation because God saved him. Alternate translation: "he has saved me" or "he is the one who saves me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/03.md b/exo/15/03.md index 7be309507d..91bf31152a 100644 --- a/exo/15/03.md +++ b/exo/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh is a warrior Moses calls God a warrior because God powerfully fought against the Egyptians and won. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is like a warrior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/04.md b/exo/15/04.md index 9fb5c72d64..a2168c913d 100644 --- a/exo/15/04.md +++ b/exo/15/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He has thrown Pharaoh's chariots and army into the sea Moses sings about God causing the sea to cover Pharaohs chariots and army as if God had thrown them into the sea. Alternate translation: "he has made the sea cover over Pharaoh's chariots and army" or "He has made Pharaoh's chariot riders and army drown in the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/05.md b/exo/15/05.md index 43146a6fdc..db664db160 100644 --- a/exo/15/05.md +++ b/exo/15/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they went down into the depths like a stone Just as a stone does not float but sinks to the bottom of the sea, the enemy soldiers sank to the bottom of the sea. Alternate translation: "they went down into the deep water like a stone sinking to the bottom of the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/06.md b/exo/15/06.md index 090c8eb6d6..e0f63749fd 100644 --- a/exo/15/06.md +++ b/exo/15/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God's power. A # has shattered the enemy Moses speaks of the enemy as if it were fragile and could be shattered like glass or pottery. Alternate translation: "has completely destroyed the enemy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/07.md b/exo/15/07.md index baf64f6094..ca44e597e1 100644 --- a/exo/15/07.md +++ b/exo/15/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks of God's wrath as if it were a servant that God sent out to do some # it consumed them like stubble Moses speaks of God's wrath as if it were fire that could completely burn up things. His enemies were completely destroyed like stubble in a fire. Alternate translation: "it completely destroyed your enemies like a fire that burns up straw" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/08.md b/exo/15/08.md index 4bb4cc7c14..9e5f1c413a 100644 --- a/exo/15/08.md +++ b/exo/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # By the blast of your nostrils Moses speaks of God as if God had a nose, and he speaks of the wind as if God blew the wind from his nose. Alternate translation: "You blew on the sea and" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/09.md b/exo/15/09.md index fd7e0ee0e5..6eae75e211 100644 --- a/exo/15/09.md +++ b/exo/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: "I will satisf # my hand will destroy them The enemies speak of destroying the Israelites by the power of their hands as if it were their hands that would destroy them. Alternate translation: "I will destroy them with my hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/10.md b/exo/15/10.md index 8aab7cce62..1ae227a5e6 100644 --- a/exo/15/10.md +++ b/exo/15/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses spoke about God making the wind blow as if God blew the wind through his n # sank like lead in the mighty waters Lead is a heavy metal that is commonly used to make things sink in water. The word "lead" here is used to show how fast God's enemies were destroyed. Alternate translation: "sank as fast as lead in the deep turbulent waters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/11.md b/exo/15/11.md index 11e58bcf8d..16573216e1 100644 --- a/exo/15/11.md +++ b/exo/15/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: "O Yah # Who is like you, ... doing miracles? Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: No one is like you. No one is majestic in holiness as you are, no one is honored in praises as you are, and no one does miracles as you do!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/12.md b/exo/15/12.md index c55af47bc9..f4df3d4a9b 100644 --- a/exo/15/12.md +++ b/exo/15/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses speaks about God causing something to happen as if God reached out with hi # the earth swallowed them Moses personifies the earth as if it could swallow or devour with it's mouth. Alternate translation: "the earth devoured them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/13.md b/exo/15/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/15/13.md +++ b/exo/15/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/15/14.md b/exo/15/14.md index 626b2ec210..125e7b8353 100644 --- a/exo/15/14.md +++ b/exo/15/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to shake because you are afraid. # terror will seize the inhabitants of Philistia Moses speaks of terror as if it were a person that could forcefully grab hold of someone and make them extremely afraid. Alternate translation: "the inhabitants of Philistia will be afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/15.md b/exo/15/15.md index 2d9fca7e14..de7d409907 100644 --- a/exo/15/15.md +++ b/exo/15/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will melt away Moses speaks of people becoming weak from their fear as melting away. Alternate translation: "will be weak from fear" or "will be afraid and faint" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/16.md b/exo/15/16.md index 4001763cd5..4a912c3de3 100644 --- a/exo/15/16.md +++ b/exo/15/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God's arm represents his great strength. Alternate translation: "Because of your # they will become as still as a stone Possible meanings are 1) "They will be silent like stone" or 2) "They will be motionless as stone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/17.md b/exo/15/17.md index a717e942db..59bc721711 100644 --- a/exo/15/17.md +++ b/exo/15/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses speaks about God promising to give his people the mountain forever as if h # that your hands have built The phrase "your hands" refers to God's power. Alternate translation: "that you have built by your power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/18.md b/exo/15/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/15/18.md +++ b/exo/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/15/19.md b/exo/15/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/15/19.md +++ b/exo/15/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/15/20.md b/exo/15/20.md index e4434a5e8c..a878460f97 100644 --- a/exo/15/20.md +++ b/exo/15/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Miriam was the older sister of Moses and Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/trans # tambourine This is a musical instrument like a small drum that also has pieces of metal around the side that make a sound when shaken. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/21.md b/exo/15/21.md index 3e877aa950..57363abd57 100644 --- a/exo/15/21.md +++ b/exo/15/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. See how you translated t # The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea Miriam sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them into the sea. See how you translated this in [Exodus 15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: "He has made the horse and rider drown in the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/22.md b/exo/15/22.md index 88aae91394..7947e7ce6f 100644 --- a/exo/15/22.md +++ b/exo/15/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "Moses # wilderness of Shur We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/23.md b/exo/15/23.md index 213106029b..0ca2c7ee6f 100644 --- a/exo/15/23.md +++ b/exo/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Marah We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/24.md b/exo/15/24.md index 37a60aadd9..0ac3953917 100644 --- a/exo/15/24.md +++ b/exo/15/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # complained to Moses and said "were unhappy and told Moses" or "angrily told Moses" - diff --git a/exo/15/25.md b/exo/15/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/15/25.md +++ b/exo/15/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/15/26.md b/exo/15/26.md index b8008c1398..5157f9f332 100644 --- a/exo/15/26.md +++ b/exo/15/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate # I will put on you none of the diseases God speaks of causing people to have diseases as putting diseases on them. Alternate translation: "I will not cause any of you to have the diseases" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/27.md b/exo/15/27.md index d25ecd8731..9d2f714460 100644 --- a/exo/15/27.md +++ b/exo/15/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an oasis in the desert, a place with water and shade trees. (See: [[rc:/ # seventy "70" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/15/intro.md b/exo/15/intro.md index bb6995e5cd..729fd3e38f 100644 --- a/exo/15/intro.md +++ b/exo/15/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Exodus 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic songs in 15:1-18 and 15:21. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's laws -#### Yahweh's laws In this chapter, Moses talks about Yahweh's laws. The law of Moses is about to be introduced. Although it has not yet been formally introduced, this is what is being referenced in this chapter in anticipation of the revelation of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ In this chapter, Moses talks about Yahweh's laws. The law of Moses is about to b * __[Exodus 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/16/01.md b/exo/16/01.md index 5ba787a05d..5601f0574e 100644 --- a/exo/16/01.md +++ b/exo/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Sin" here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English # on the fifteenth day of the second month This time coincides with the end of April and the beginning of May on Western calendars. Alternate translation: "on day 15 of the second month" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/02.md b/exo/16/02.md index 2f8478400d..0e0625cf73 100644 --- a/exo/16/02.md +++ b/exo/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # complained "were angry and spoke" - diff --git a/exo/16/03.md b/exo/16/03.md index 681ed9b065..9564d353e4 100644 --- a/exo/16/03.md +++ b/exo/16/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a way of saying that they wished that they had died. Alternate translati # by Yahweh's hand The phrase "Yahweh's hand" represents Yahweh's action. Alternate translation: "by Yahweh's action" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/04.md b/exo/16/04.md index 3a5cd98b1c..6a5966780b 100644 --- a/exo/16/04.md +++ b/exo/16/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God speaks of obeying his law as walking in it. Alternate translation: "obey my # my law "my command" - diff --git a/exo/16/05.md b/exo/16/05.md index 6c18ac5e12..6fb6a17e95 100644 --- a/exo/16/05.md +++ b/exo/16/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # twice two times - diff --git a/exo/16/06.md b/exo/16/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/06.md +++ b/exo/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/07.md b/exo/16/07.md index 7551d2d35c..2e3a2aa88a 100644 --- a/exo/16/07.md +++ b/exo/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who are we for you to complain against us? Moses and Aaron used this question to show the people that it was foolish to complain against them. Alternate translation: "We are not powerful enough for you to complain against us." or "It is foolish to complain against us, because we cannot do what you want." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/08.md b/exo/16/08.md index caf3a8fa58..ac12f8d882 100644 --- a/exo/16/08.md +++ b/exo/16/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses used this question to show the people that he and Aaron did not have the p # Your complaints are not against us; they are against Yahweh The people were complaining against Moses and Aaron, who were Yahweh's servants. So by complaining against them, the people were really complaining against Yahweh. Alternate translation: Your complaints are not really against us; they are against Yahweh, because we are his servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/09.md b/exo/16/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/09.md +++ b/exo/16/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/10.md b/exo/16/10.md index 5d573dbc58..de096dbaed 100644 --- a/exo/16/10.md +++ b/exo/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. The important # behold The word "behold" here shows that the people saw something interesting. - diff --git a/exo/16/11.md b/exo/16/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/11.md +++ b/exo/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/12.md b/exo/16/12.md index 46fa03b0c8..183551ab0e 100644 --- a/exo/16/12.md +++ b/exo/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bread God speaks of the food that he will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in [Exodus 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: "food" or "food like bread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/13.md b/exo/16/13.md index 58454777d0..5961dedd52 100644 --- a/exo/16/13.md +++ b/exo/16/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important part of the events. If your langua # quails These are small, plump birds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/14.md b/exo/16/14.md index d660d68493..cd090df080 100644 --- a/exo/16/14.md +++ b/exo/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like frost The original readers knew what frost is like, so this phrase would help them understand what the flakes were like. Frost is frozen dew that forms on the ground. It is very fine. Alternate translation: "that looked like frost" or "that was fine like frost" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/15.md b/exo/16/15.md index 7b114d11e2..a083a30acd 100644 --- a/exo/16/15.md +++ b/exo/16/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bread Moses speaks of the food that God sent as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in [Exodus 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: "food" or "food like bread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/16.md b/exo/16/16.md index f7f4e5efa9..c56a189abf 100644 --- a/exo/16/16.md +++ b/exo/16/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues telling the people about the food that God was providing for the # omer 2 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/17.md b/exo/16/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/17.md +++ b/exo/16/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/18.md b/exo/16/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/18.md +++ b/exo/16/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/19.md b/exo/16/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/19.md +++ b/exo/16/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/20.md b/exo/16/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/20.md +++ b/exo/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/21.md b/exo/16/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/21.md +++ b/exo/16/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/22.md b/exo/16/22.md index 31b867ebed..e7cf04cb37 100644 --- a/exo/16/22.md +++ b/exo/16/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ two times # bread This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning. - diff --git a/exo/16/23.md b/exo/16/23.md index 84504f7376..4c1c5d486f 100644 --- a/exo/16/23.md +++ b/exo/16/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a solemn rest "a day to rest quietly and think seriously" - diff --git a/exo/16/24.md b/exo/16/24.md index c6adfa4d9e..013f9de99d 100644 --- a/exo/16/24.md +++ b/exo/16/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # did not become foul "did not smell rotten" - diff --git a/exo/16/25.md b/exo/16/25.md index c0c581e217..87248751d8 100644 --- a/exo/16/25.md +++ b/exo/16/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # today is a day reserved as a Sabbath to honor Yahweh "today is a Sabbath and is to be used only for honoring Yahweh" - diff --git a/exo/16/26.md b/exo/16/26.md index 1ba4c21606..215dd6ebfe 100644 --- a/exo/16/26.md +++ b/exo/16/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # manna This was the name the Israelites gave to the bread that Yahweh caused to appear for them each morning. - diff --git a/exo/16/27.md b/exo/16/27.md index 1d5a133187..eef367144b 100644 --- a/exo/16/27.md +++ b/exo/16/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they found none "they did not find any manna" - diff --git a/exo/16/28.md b/exo/16/28.md index 36cfde8c8a..6208463e47 100644 --- a/exo/16/28.md +++ b/exo/16/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God used this question to scold the people because they did not obey his laws. A # to keep my commandments and my laws "to obey my commandments and my laws" - diff --git a/exo/16/29.md b/exo/16/29.md index ac8c188393..215fb8de21 100644 --- a/exo/16/29.md +++ b/exo/16/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks about teaching people to rest on the Sabbath as if the Sabbath wer # bread This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning. - diff --git a/exo/16/30.md b/exo/16/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/30.md +++ b/exo/16/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/31.md b/exo/16/31.md index 6fad3ab9be..9ba981e158 100644 --- a/exo/16/31.md +++ b/exo/16/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Coriander is also known as cilantro. People dry the seeds and grind them into a # wafers very thin biscuits or crackers - diff --git a/exo/16/32.md b/exo/16/32.md index fc6642040e..9d9f908daa 100644 --- a/exo/16/32.md +++ b/exo/16/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bread This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning. - diff --git a/exo/16/33.md b/exo/16/33.md index 096f056ef5..67bc387f90 100644 --- a/exo/16/33.md +++ b/exo/16/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an omer "two liters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/34.md b/exo/16/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/34.md +++ b/exo/16/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/35.md b/exo/16/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/16/35.md +++ b/exo/16/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/16/36.md b/exo/16/36.md index 11ce7a75e2..96ca7821ba 100644 --- a/exo/16/36.md +++ b/exo/16/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now an omer is a tenth of an ephah An omer and an ephah are both containers for measuring volume. The original readers would have known how much an ephah was. This sentence would help them know how much an omer was. For languages that do not use fractions, this can be reworded. Alternate translation: "Now ten omers equal one ephah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/16/intro.md b/exo/16/intro.md index 2e2fc0f028..f554cc3b06 100644 --- a/exo/16/intro.md +++ b/exo/16/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,27 @@ # Exodus 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Complaints -#### Complaints The Israelites complained about the amount of food Yahweh gave them, even when he miraculously provided their food for them. This is intended to show their ungratefulness and their sinful view of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Prohibition against storing food +### Prohibition against storing food + The people were not allowed to store the food, called manna, they were provided with. This is because they were to trust in Yahweh to provide for their needs every day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -#### Sabbath +### Sabbath + This is the first recorded celebration of the Sabbath rest. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]]) -#### Ark of the covenant +### Ark of the covenant + Although the covenant has not yet been made, it is referenced in [Exodus 16:34](../../exo/16/34.md). This is probably done either in anticipation of the building of the ark or as an editorial comment made by Moses after these events. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Wilderness of Sin -#### Wilderness of Sin Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +29,3 @@ Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of * __[Exodus 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/17/01.md b/exo/17/01.md index 10bd77c89b..26bea45ce1 100644 --- a/exo/17/01.md +++ b/exo/17/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Sin" here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English # Rephidim This means "the resting place," a place to rest on long journeys through the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/02.md b/exo/17/02.md index 6fe8fd8960..71ea5f0b4f 100644 --- a/exo/17/02.md +++ b/exo/17/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test Yahweh? Moses uses these questions to scold the people. Alternate translation: "You should not quarrel with me! You should not test Yahweh!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/03.md b/exo/17/03.md index 4b89e50e5b..1baebf35eb 100644 --- a/exo/17/03.md +++ b/exo/17/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # To kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst? The people use this question to accuse Moses of wanting to kill them. Alternate translation: "You only brought us out here to kill us and our children and livestock by not letting us have any water to drink!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/04.md b/exo/17/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/17/04.md +++ b/exo/17/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/17/05.md b/exo/17/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/17/05.md +++ b/exo/17/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/17/06.md b/exo/17/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/17/06.md +++ b/exo/17/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/17/07.md b/exo/17/07.md index fa126c13b4..fd66edfbab 100644 --- a/exo/17/07.md +++ b/exo/17/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a place in the desert whose name means "testing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tran # Meribah a place in the desert whose name means "complaining" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/08.md b/exo/17/08.md index 88b3f6eb8e..68e9f17cd9 100644 --- a/exo/17/08.md +++ b/exo/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Rephidim This was the name of a place in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/09.md b/exo/17/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/17/09.md +++ b/exo/17/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/17/10.md b/exo/17/10.md index dee22065b5..2eef93c543 100644 --- a/exo/17/10.md +++ b/exo/17/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joshua represents himself and the Israelites that he led into battle. Alternate # Hur Hur was a friend of Moses and Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/11.md b/exo/17/11.md index 67efe679a4..cb9cf4751b 100644 --- a/exo/17/11.md +++ b/exo/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Israel was winning ... Amalek would begin to win The words "Israel" and "Amalek" represent the fighters from those groups. Alternate translation: "the Israelite fighters were winning ... the Amalekite fighters would begin to win" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/12.md b/exo/17/12.md index c8b68c22b5..cc7b39297e 100644 --- a/exo/17/12.md +++ b/exo/17/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hands became heavy The author writes of Moses's arms becoming tired as if his hands became heavy. Alternate translation: "arms became tired" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/13.md b/exo/17/13.md index 0e4bffcd7a..85fdcb2805 100644 --- a/exo/17/13.md +++ b/exo/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# laid waste to +# laid waste to This is a euphemism for "killed." Alternate translation: "killed" or "destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The name "Amalek" is either 1) a personification of the nation of Amalek. Altern # with the sword The sword represents battle. Alternate translation: "in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/14.md b/exo/17/14.md index 9f3843ac67..cab41d4d69 100644 --- a/exo/17/14.md +++ b/exo/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks of destroying Amalek as if he were removing people's memory of Amalek # Amalek This refers to the Amalekites. Alternate translation: Amalekites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/15.md b/exo/17/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/17/15.md +++ b/exo/17/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/17/16.md b/exo/17/16.md index 49a98f91d3..4269b9cb39 100644 --- a/exo/17/16.md +++ b/exo/17/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People would raise their hand when they made a promise or pledge, so raising the # a hand was lifted up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh lifted up his hand" or "Yahweh made a solemn promise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/17/intro.md b/exo/17/intro.md index b80f17831e..cb0dce8fd9 100644 --- a/exo/17/intro.md +++ b/exo/17/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Exodus 17 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions Moses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince people of their sin. Likewise, the people's rhetorical question showed their ignorance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Wilderness of Sin -#### Wilderness of Sin Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of * __[Exodus 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/18/01.md b/exo/18/01.md index f5cf431270..069318a82c 100644 --- a/exo/18/01.md +++ b/exo/18/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Moses' father-in-law This refers to the father of the wife of Moses. - diff --git a/exo/18/02.md b/exo/18/02.md index 2accc41d2b..98910bea1c 100644 --- a/exo/18/02.md +++ b/exo/18/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Jethro took Zipporah to Moses, or 2) Jethro had earlier # after he had sent her home This is something Moses had done earlier. The full meaning of the can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "after Moses had sent her home to her parents" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/03.md b/exo/18/03.md index 80bbc1af35..ad90265bb6 100644 --- a/exo/18/03.md +++ b/exo/18/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the ending of the sentence that begins with the words "Jethro ... took Z # Gershom This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means "foreigner." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/04.md b/exo/18/04.md index 8ca97dc86b..ce1aeebacf 100644 --- a/exo/18/04.md +++ b/exo/18/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means "God is the one who helps # Pharaoh's sword This represents being killed by Pharaoh or Pharaoh's army. Alternate translation: "being killed by Pharaoh" or "being killed by Pharaoh's army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/05.md b/exo/18/05.md index 6dfaca2674..f10d37f0df 100644 --- a/exo/18/05.md +++ b/exo/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where he was camped This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "where he camped with the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/06.md b/exo/18/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/18/06.md +++ b/exo/18/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/18/07.md b/exo/18/07.md index de0ba50f37..0567f5d045 100644 --- a/exo/18/07.md +++ b/exo/18/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bowed down, and kissed him These symbolic acts were the normal way that people showed great respect and devotion in that culture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/08.md b/exo/18/08.md index b6ca74f68b..06719835dd 100644 --- a/exo/18/08.md +++ b/exo/18/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Israel" represents the Israelite people. Alternate translation: "in or # all the hardships that had come to them Moses writes of hardships happening to them as if hardships had come to them. Alternate translation: "all the hardships that had happened to them" or "all the hardships they had experienced" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/09.md b/exo/18/09.md index b6b31efdcb..e965173a3f 100644 --- a/exo/18/09.md +++ b/exo/18/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hand of the Egyptians The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate translation: "the power of the Egyptians ... the power of Pharaoh" or "what the Egyptians were doing to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/10.md b/exo/18/10.md index 29ecdc2a33..f894d394dd 100644 --- a/exo/18/10.md +++ b/exo/18/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hand of the Egyptians ... the hand of Pharaoh The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate translation: "the power of the Egyptians ... the power of Pharaoh" or "what the Egyptians were doing to you ... what Pharaoh was doing to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/11.md b/exo/18/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/18/11.md +++ b/exo/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/18/12.md b/exo/18/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/18/12.md +++ b/exo/18/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/18/13.md b/exo/18/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/18/13.md +++ b/exo/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/18/14.md b/exo/18/14.md index d5e3b5054a..1dd6d2f733 100644 --- a/exo/18/14.md +++ b/exo/18/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jethro used this question to show Moses that he was doing too much. This rhetori # you sit alone The word "sit" here is a metonym for "judge." Judges would sit while they listened to people's complaints. Alternate translation: "you judge alone" or "you are the only one who judges the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/15.md b/exo/18/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/18/15.md +++ b/exo/18/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/18/16.md b/exo/18/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/18/16.md +++ b/exo/18/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/18/17.md b/exo/18/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/18/17.md +++ b/exo/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/18/18.md b/exo/18/18.md index 355ab48eb7..bed1ceb94c 100644 --- a/exo/18/18.md +++ b/exo/18/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # This burden is too heavy for you Jethro speaks of the hard work that Moses is doing as if it were a physical burden that Moses was carrying. Alternate translation: "This work is too much for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/19.md b/exo/18/19.md index b8b1066c9f..eddaa7dc92 100644 --- a/exo/18/19.md +++ b/exo/18/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jethro speaks of God helping Moses as if God would be with Moses. Alternate tran # you bring their disputes to him Jethro speaks of Moses telling God about their disputes as if Moses were bringing their disputes to God. Alternate translation: "you tell God about their disputes" or "you tell God what they are arguing about" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/20.md b/exo/18/20.md index 6b286fedd1..d59489a29e 100644 --- a/exo/18/20.md +++ b/exo/18/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must show them the way to walk Jethro speaks of living or behaving like walking. Alternate translation: "You must show them how to live" or "You must show them how to behave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/21.md b/exo/18/21.md index 3fbe375824..5284272bf7 100644 --- a/exo/18/21.md +++ b/exo/18/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jethro speaks of giving them authority over people as putting them over people. # leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and of tens Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: "leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people" or 2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: "leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/22.md b/exo/18/22.md index 5f069878b3..7713c58488 100644 --- a/exo/18/22.md +++ b/exo/18/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jethro speaks of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the dif # they will carry the burden with you Jethro speaks of the hard work that they would do as if it were a burden that they would carry. Alternate translation: "they will do the hard work with you" or "they will help you do the hard work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/23.md b/exo/18/23.md index fe2e457511..734fdfaacd 100644 --- a/exo/18/23.md +++ b/exo/18/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What they will endure can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "endure the # in peace They will be satisfied that the dispute has been settled justly. - diff --git a/exo/18/24.md b/exo/18/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/18/24.md +++ b/exo/18/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/18/25.md b/exo/18/25.md index eec4f8e412..58ecf25d1c 100644 --- a/exo/18/25.md +++ b/exo/18/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ What they were capable of doing can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "m # leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: "leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people" or 2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: "leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups" See how you translated this in [Exodus 18:21](../18/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/18/26.md b/exo/18/26.md index 95f1ef330a..10314d2046 100644 --- a/exo/18/26.md +++ b/exo/18/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author writes of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the # the small cases "the easy cases" - diff --git a/exo/18/27.md b/exo/18/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/18/27.md +++ b/exo/18/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/18/intro.md b/exo/18/intro.md index 74fad3efeb..42361487aa 100644 --- a/exo/18/intro.md +++ b/exo/18/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Leadership lessons -#### Leadership lessons Jethro taught Moses an important leadership lesson in this chapter. Many scholars look at this chapter for important leadership lessons. Moses delegated some of his responsibilities to other godly men so that he would not become worn out by all the demands made of him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Jethro taught Moses an important leadership lesson in this chapter. Many scholar * __[Exodus 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/19/01.md b/exo/19/01.md index 53d7c67db2..fc9d3f3111 100644 --- a/exo/19/01.md +++ b/exo/19/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means they arrived at the wilderness on the first day of the month just as # had gone out from "had left" - diff --git a/exo/19/02.md b/exo/19/02.md index 2c53810bee..b4f2fcd387 100644 --- a/exo/19/02.md +++ b/exo/19/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Rephidim This is an area on the edge of the wilderness of Sinai where the people of Israel had been camping. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:1](../17/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/03.md b/exo/19/03.md index aac60652df..dc3763ae2b 100644 --- a/exo/19/03.md +++ b/exo/19/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "house" here represents Jacob's family and descendants. Alternate trans # the house of Jacob, the people of Israel The phrase "the people of Israel" explains what "the house of Jacob" means. - diff --git a/exo/19/04.md b/exo/19/04.md index 6aef873075..c6752e7304 100644 --- a/exo/19/04.md +++ b/exo/19/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" here refers to the Israelites. Yahweh is telling Moses what to te # I carried you on eagles' wings God speaks of caring for his people while they traveled as if he were an eagle and carried them on his wings. Alternate translation: "I helped you travel like an eagle that carries her babies on her wings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/05.md b/exo/19/05.md index bde3488ed8..e214e3124e 100644 --- a/exo/19/05.md +++ b/exo/19/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God's voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: "what I say" or "my # special possession "treasure" - diff --git a/exo/19/06.md b/exo/19/06.md index 140913bed0..6a491a6541 100644 --- a/exo/19/06.md +++ b/exo/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a kingdom of priests God speaks of his people as if they were priests. Alternate translation: "a kingdom of people who are like priests" or "a kingdom of people who do what priests do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/07.md b/exo/19/07.md index 718537b2e1..a80db0fc71 100644 --- a/exo/19/07.md +++ b/exo/19/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author writes of Moses telling people things as if he were setting the words # all these words that Yahweh had commanded him "all that Yahweh had commanded him" - diff --git a/exo/19/08.md b/exo/19/08.md index c8be88f078..772daa9a39 100644 --- a/exo/19/08.md +++ b/exo/19/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Where Moses went can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "Moses went ba # the people's words The word "words" refers to what the people said. Alternate translation: "what the people said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/09.md b/exo/19/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/19/09.md +++ b/exo/19/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/19/10.md b/exo/19/10.md index 1f5ff82163..83beec3061 100644 --- a/exo/19/10.md +++ b/exo/19/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This probably means "tell them to dedicate themselves to me" or "tell them to pu # their garments "their clothes" or "what they are wearing" - diff --git a/exo/19/11.md b/exo/19/11.md index d004e7442d..8f3294d4e0 100644 --- a/exo/19/11.md +++ b/exo/19/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Be ready This was a command to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/12.md b/exo/19/12.md index 349fa133b8..223627a9cc 100644 --- a/exo/19/12.md +++ b/exo/19/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "You must surely # Whoever touches "Any person who touches" or "Anyone who touches" - diff --git a/exo/19/13.md b/exo/19/13.md index f0f8077069..bab1944a2d 100644 --- a/exo/19/13.md +++ b/exo/19/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to being killed by someone who shoots arrows from a bow. # a long blast "a long, loud sound" - diff --git a/exo/19/14.md b/exo/19/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/19/14.md +++ b/exo/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/19/15.md b/exo/19/15.md index 4a5f78421e..b0b6268faf 100644 --- a/exo/19/15.md +++ b/exo/19/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not go near your wives This is a polite way of talking about sleeping with their wives. Alternate translation: "do not sleep with your wives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/16.md b/exo/19/16.md index 7cc3436f3e..5ff230d8bc 100644 --- a/exo/19/16.md +++ b/exo/19/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the people ... trembled "All the people ... shook with fear" - diff --git a/exo/19/17.md b/exo/19/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/19/17.md +++ b/exo/19/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/19/18.md b/exo/19/18.md index 0f0d370d02..91d860e156 100644 --- a/exo/19/18.md +++ b/exo/19/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This shows that it was a very large amount of smoke. Alternate translation: "lik # furnace an oven that can be made extremely hot (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/19.md b/exo/19/19.md index 5ee0aac1d2..e44375ec5c 100644 --- a/exo/19/19.md +++ b/exo/19/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in a voice The word "voice" here refers to a sound that God made. Possible meanings are 1) "by speaking loudly like thunder" or 2) "by speaking" or 3) "by causing thunder to sound" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/20.md b/exo/19/20.md index a0fac0d48f..22ebecf65a 100644 --- a/exo/19/20.md +++ b/exo/19/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he summoned Moses "he commanded Moses to come up" - diff --git a/exo/19/21.md b/exo/19/21.md index 76d4d2b462..68af798b1c 100644 --- a/exo/19/21.md +++ b/exo/19/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they might break out God spoke about people walking past the boundary ([Exodus 19:12](../19/12.md)) as if they were breaking through a fence and walking through it. See how you translated "set boundaries" in [Exodus 19:12](../19/12.md). Alternate translation: "they might go beyond the boundary" or "they might go through the barrier"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/22.md b/exo/19/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/19/22.md +++ b/exo/19/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/19/23.md b/exo/19/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/19/23.md +++ b/exo/19/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/19/24.md b/exo/19/24.md index 3d03ab7efb..8879dd58a7 100644 --- a/exo/19/24.md +++ b/exo/19/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # break through God spoke about people walking past the boundary as if they were breaking through a fence and walking through it. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 19:21](../19/21.md). Alternate translation: "go beyond the boundary" or "go through the barrier" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/19/25.md b/exo/19/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/19/25.md +++ b/exo/19/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/19/intro.md b/exo/19/intro.md index d2106f95ae..22073c60a8 100644 --- a/exo/19/intro.md +++ b/exo/19/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Exodus 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "A kingdom of priests" -#### "A kingdom of priests" The function of the priests was to intercede for the people. The Levites were the only priests in Israel; this is a metaphor indicating that the nation was to intercede for the world as a whole. They were also to be holy, or set apart, from the rest of the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) -#### Revealing the Law +### Revealing the Law + The events of this chapter are concerned with preparing the people to receive the law of Moses. The people go through all of this to prepare themselves for the law, which show the great importance of this event for Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ The events of this chapter are concerned with preparing the people to receive th * __[Exodus 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/20/01.md b/exo/20/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/20/01.md +++ b/exo/20/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/20/02.md b/exo/20/02.md index c411623c72..8253668bc2 100644 --- a/exo/20/02.md +++ b/exo/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house of slavery "place where you were slaves" - diff --git a/exo/20/03.md b/exo/20/03.md index 82df16014d..37aa968c17 100644 --- a/exo/20/03.md +++ b/exo/20/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must have no other gods before me "You must not worship any other gods but me" - diff --git a/exo/20/04.md b/exo/20/04.md index 9c76c122f2..dd895e369f 100644 --- a/exo/20/04.md +++ b/exo/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nor the likeness "and you must not make the likeness" - diff --git a/exo/20/05.md b/exo/20/05.md index a941eaea36..648e662856 100644 --- a/exo/20/05.md +++ b/exo/20/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God will punish people for the sin of their parents. # to the third and the fourth generation "to generations 3 and 4." This refers to the grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Alternate translation: "even on the grandchildren and great-grandchildren (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/exo/20/06.md b/exo/20/06.md index bc8af8b665..360744be1d 100644 --- a/exo/20/06.md +++ b/exo/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "love" can be restated with the verb "love." Alternate transla # to thousands of those who love me The word "thousands" is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: "forever to those who love me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/20/07.md b/exo/20/07.md index 323a7fd46d..2f1f5e32f2 100644 --- a/exo/20/07.md +++ b/exo/20/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I will not hold guiltless This double-negative can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: "I will certainly consider guilty" or "I will certainly punish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/exo/20/08.md b/exo/20/08.md index 2c802582de..a951f27885 100644 --- a/exo/20/08.md +++ b/exo/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # set it apart "set it apart for a special purpose" - diff --git a/exo/20/09.md b/exo/20/09.md index c636ef25c5..9753479b07 100644 --- a/exo/20/09.md +++ b/exo/20/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do all your work "do all your usual duties" - diff --git a/exo/20/10.md b/exo/20/10.md index e112bcc689..a2dc9e1769 100644 --- a/exo/20/10.md +++ b/exo/20/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # within your gates Cities often had walls around them to keep out enemies, and gates for people to go in and out. Alternate translation: "within your community" or "inside your city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/20/11.md b/exo/20/11.md index b127c24eb3..2cfb2cc51f 100644 --- a/exo/20/11.md +++ b/exo/20/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # blessed the Sabbath day Possible meanings are that 1) God caused the Sabbath day to produce good results, or 2) God said that the Sabbath day was good. - diff --git a/exo/20/12.md b/exo/20/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/20/12.md +++ b/exo/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/20/13.md b/exo/20/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/20/13.md +++ b/exo/20/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/20/14.md b/exo/20/14.md index a264ce498e..ad8558c50e 100644 --- a/exo/20/14.md +++ b/exo/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must not commit adultery "You must not have sex with anyone other than your spouse" - diff --git a/exo/20/15.md b/exo/20/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/20/15.md +++ b/exo/20/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/20/16.md b/exo/20/16.md index ede517b3aa..1372ae65be 100644 --- a/exo/20/16.md +++ b/exo/20/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must not give false testimony "must not speak a false report" or "must not tell lies about someone" - diff --git a/exo/20/17.md b/exo/20/17.md index 2e98832ab3..62fea40d74 100644 --- a/exo/20/17.md +++ b/exo/20/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must not covet "must not strongly want to have" or "must not want to take" - diff --git a/exo/20/18.md b/exo/20/18.md index 27559627cd..3388bac8ac 100644 --- a/exo/20/18.md +++ b/exo/20/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # stood far off "stood far away" or "stood at a distance" - diff --git a/exo/20/19.md b/exo/20/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/20/19.md +++ b/exo/20/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/20/20.md b/exo/20/20.md index d074e61e61..2b38710d8e 100644 --- a/exo/20/20.md +++ b/exo/20/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin "so that you will honor him and not sin" - diff --git a/exo/20/21.md b/exo/20/21.md index 4cdb60b389..8240998a63 100644 --- a/exo/20/21.md +++ b/exo/20/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Moses approached "Moses went closer to" - diff --git a/exo/20/22.md b/exo/20/22.md index 9961a4efc3..9c09f8f937 100644 --- a/exo/20/22.md +++ b/exo/20/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # You yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven "You have heard me speak to you from heaven" - diff --git a/exo/20/23.md b/exo/20/23.md index de3675308f..f297753b28 100644 --- a/exo/20/23.md +++ b/exo/20/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # gods of silver or gods of gold "gods made out of silver or gold" or "idols made out of silver or gold" - diff --git a/exo/20/24.md b/exo/20/24.md index 16f878c6c3..10be9cf506 100644 --- a/exo/20/24.md +++ b/exo/20/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ an altar made of materials from the ground, such as stone, soil, or clay # cause my name to be honored Here "name" is a metonym for God's being. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "choose for you to honor me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/20/25.md b/exo/20/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/20/25.md +++ b/exo/20/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/20/26.md b/exo/20/26.md index 2546a5a3b4..45ada3d128 100644 --- a/exo/20/26.md +++ b/exo/20/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your nakedness "your private parts" - diff --git a/exo/20/intro.md b/exo/20/intro.md index 3974224ec2..df196b75ed 100644 --- a/exo/20/intro.md +++ b/exo/20/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Exodus 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The instructions recorded in this chapter are commonly known as the "ten commandments." +The instructions recorded in this chapter are commonly known as the "ten commandments." -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Covenant -#### Covenant Yahweh's covenant faithfulness is now based on the covenant he made with Abraham as well as the covenant he is making with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Yahweh's covenant faithfulness is now based on the covenant he made with Abraham * __[Exodus 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/21/01.md b/exo/21/01.md index b51b94fe4a..39943b9652 100644 --- a/exo/21/01.md +++ b/exo/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # you must set before them "you must give them" or "you must tell them" - diff --git a/exo/21/02.md b/exo/21/02.md index 1ec3fb7822..f0806afcfc 100644 --- a/exo/21/02.md +++ b/exo/21/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh tells Moses his laws for the people of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/21/03.md b/exo/21/03.md index a9433b26e6..9338b9684e 100644 --- a/exo/21/03.md +++ b/exo/21/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ What "by himself" means can be stated clearly. Some languages require that the a # if he is married "if he was married when he became a slave" or "if he came as a married man" - diff --git a/exo/21/04.md b/exo/21/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/21/04.md +++ b/exo/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/21/05.md b/exo/21/05.md index d2e1cd5575..f7e5c123fd 100644 --- a/exo/21/05.md +++ b/exo/21/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will not go out free "I do not want my master to set me free" - diff --git a/exo/21/06.md b/exo/21/06.md index 19181b0310..8dd5fc7242 100644 --- a/exo/21/06.md +++ b/exo/21/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a pointed tool used to make a hole # for life "until the end of his life" or "until he dies" - diff --git a/exo/21/07.md b/exo/21/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/21/07.md +++ b/exo/21/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/21/08.md b/exo/21/08.md index 0e1aee8640..d6d6e060e7 100644 --- a/exo/21/08.md +++ b/exo/21/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he must allow her fat # he has treated her deceitfully "he has deceived her" - diff --git a/exo/21/09.md b/exo/21/09.md index 6c0ac0c558..f2db898c10 100644 --- a/exo/21/09.md +++ b/exo/21/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # selects her as a wife for his son "decides that she is the one who will be his son's wife" - diff --git a/exo/21/10.md b/exo/21/10.md index d126d7f56a..bab69d5f86 100644 --- a/exo/21/10.md +++ b/exo/21/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # or her marital rights This includes things that a husband must do for his wife, including sleeping with her. Alternate translation: "and he must continue to sleep with her as before" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/11.md b/exo/21/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/21/11.md +++ b/exo/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/21/12.md b/exo/21/12.md index 5c0951d31e..12c1faaac0 100644 --- a/exo/21/12.md +++ b/exo/21/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that person must surely be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must certainly execute that person" or "you must certainly kill that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/13.md b/exo/21/13.md index edd474b0a2..786ddec33e 100644 --- a/exo/21/13.md +++ b/exo/21/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will appoint for you a place to where he can flee The purpose of choosing a place can be stately clearly here. Alternate translation: "I will choose a place that he can run away to be safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/14.md b/exo/21/14.md index 58f2d99b94..063be9b5e6 100644 --- a/exo/21/14.md +++ b/exo/21/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "him" refers to the one who killed his neighbor. # so that he may die This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that you can kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/15.md b/exo/21/15.md index 27a5ff4549..a4b55f557e 100644 --- a/exo/21/15.md +++ b/exo/21/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If anyone hits his fa # must surely "must certainly" - diff --git a/exo/21/16.md b/exo/21/16.md index f26ed96a51..0c23ae0d3f 100644 --- a/exo/21/16.md +++ b/exo/21/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that kidnapper must be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must kill that kidnapper" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/17.md b/exo/21/17.md index ecaec9b0f4..a5579de65c 100644 --- a/exo/21/17.md +++ b/exo/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whoever curses his father or his mother must surely be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must surely kill anyone who curses his father or his mother" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/18.md b/exo/21/18.md index 0f872acb19..cf4d479b61 100644 --- a/exo/21/18.md +++ b/exo/21/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is confined to his bed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "cannot get out of bed" or "has to stay in bed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/19.md b/exo/21/19.md index ecc812221a..f3fde6dbf6 100644 --- a/exo/21/19.md +++ b/exo/21/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to a situation when someone cannot work to earn money. You can expre # see that he is completely healed "pay his medical costs" or "pay for his costs for healing" - diff --git a/exo/21/20.md b/exo/21/20.md index f85b360f24..73f458288b 100644 --- a/exo/21/20.md +++ b/exo/21/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that man must surely be punished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must certainly punish that man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/21.md b/exo/21/21.md index 1930eeef50..4e1a248718 100644 --- a/exo/21/21.md +++ b/exo/21/21.md @@ -2,9 +2,8 @@ "no one is to punish the master" -Possible meanings are 1) +Possible meanings are 1) # for he will have suffered the loss of the servant You can express clearly in the translation that the servant was valuable to his master. Alternate translation: "because he has already lost his servant who was valuable to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/22.md b/exo/21/22.md index 82770e2dea..7c53e91f11 100644 --- a/exo/21/22.md +++ b/exo/21/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must certainly fi # as the judges determine "what the judges decide" - diff --git a/exo/21/23.md b/exo/21/23.md index d02118ee66..6a7314bd93 100644 --- a/exo/21/23.md +++ b/exo/21/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must give a life for a life This means that if she is hurt, the person who hurt her must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: "he must give his life for her life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/24.md b/exo/21/24.md index 3e5ad8cdbe..4febadac48 100644 --- a/exo/21/24.md +++ b/exo/21/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an eye for an eye This means that if she is hurt, the person who hurt her must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: "his eye for her eye" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/25.md b/exo/21/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/21/25.md +++ b/exo/21/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/21/26.md b/exo/21/26.md index 36b8babd2c..31d72b74fd 100644 --- a/exo/21/26.md +++ b/exo/21/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "man" refers to the owner of a slave. # in compensation "as payment." Compensation is what someone does for another person or gives to another person to make up for what he has caused that person to lose. - diff --git a/exo/21/27.md b/exo/21/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/21/27.md +++ b/exo/21/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/21/28.md b/exo/21/28.md index 0481f88035..6de4d027ab 100644 --- a/exo/21/28.md +++ b/exo/21/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must not eat its # the ox's owner must be acquitted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must acquit the ox's owner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/29.md b/exo/21/29.md index 364588ead4..248d7d1d12 100644 --- a/exo/21/29.md +++ b/exo/21/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its owner also must be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must also kill its owner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/30.md b/exo/21/30.md index 7569a56037..3d9790637b 100644 --- a/exo/21/30.md +++ b/exo/21/30.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ If the ox's owner can pay a fine to save his own life, then he must pay whatever # whatever he is required to pay -This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the full amount that the judges say that he must pay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) \ No newline at end of file +This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the full amount that the judges say that he must pay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/exo/21/31.md b/exo/21/31.md index fbe7041737..53a6fa6b0a 100644 --- a/exo/21/31.md +++ b/exo/21/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has gored "has injured with its horns" - diff --git a/exo/21/32.md b/exo/21/32.md index 0b95aac34d..537efccfa8 100644 --- a/exo/21/32.md +++ b/exo/21/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the ox must be stoned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must kill the ox by stoning it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/33.md b/exo/21/33.md index 1e9a64d0fb..5c1fd1d9f9 100644 --- a/exo/21/33.md +++ b/exo/21/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # opens a pit "uncovers a hole in the ground" or "takes a cover off a hole in the ground" - diff --git a/exo/21/34.md b/exo/21/34.md index 6bb3d4d180..a5ece0eb8a 100644 --- a/exo/21/34.md +++ b/exo/21/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The owner must be paid for the loss of his animal. Alternate translation: "pay t # will become his The one who paid for the loss of the animal will become the owner of the dead animal and can do what he wants with it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "will belong to the owner of the pit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/35.md b/exo/21/35.md index 8c87110ac7..0f790db7ae 100644 --- a/exo/21/35.md +++ b/exo/21/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # divide its price "divide the money" or "divide the money they receive" - diff --git a/exo/21/36.md b/exo/21/36.md index 475238e122..e90438e683 100644 --- a/exo/21/36.md +++ b/exo/21/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that the owner did not keep his ox securely inside a fence. This can # he must surely pay ox for ox The owner of the ox that killed must give an ox to the man who lost his ox. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "the owner of the ox that killed must surely give a living ox to the owner of the ox that died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/21/intro.md b/exo/21/intro.md index 4bc04c224b..374fc69977 100644 --- a/exo/21/intro.md +++ b/exo/21/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,17 @@ # Exodus 21 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Covenant with Moses -#### Covenant with Moses Although the covenant Yahweh made with Moses began in the previous chapter, it formally begins with the statement, "Now these are the decrees that you must set before them." The law of Moses was a major part of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Slavery -This passage does not condone slavery as an acceptable practice. However, it does impose some restrictions on the practice. +### Slavery + +This passage does not condone slavery as an acceptable practice. However, it does impose some restrictions on the practice. + +### Justice in society -#### Justice in society The rules and law of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God's chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +19,3 @@ The rules and law of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every socie * __[Exodus 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/22/01.md b/exo/22/01.md index dc0f80984f..0ec29b1f5f 100644 --- a/exo/22/01.md +++ b/exo/22/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/22/02.md b/exo/22/02.md index 2b3ed2fd4a..3f56e399b4 100644 --- a/exo/22/02.md +++ b/exo/22/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if anyone strikes the # no bloodguilt will attach to anyone on his account "no one will be guilty of murdering him" - diff --git a/exo/22/03.md b/exo/22/03.md index ccb53e54ec..6a9e094d46 100644 --- a/exo/22/03.md +++ b/exo/22/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # he must be sold for his theft This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "you must sell him as a slave in order to pay for what he stole" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/04.md b/exo/22/04.md index 078db9e343..748a184c56 100644 --- a/exo/22/04.md +++ b/exo/22/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If they find that he # pay back double pay two animals for every animal that he took - diff --git a/exo/22/05.md b/exo/22/05.md index b22e66a569..1b67efed07 100644 --- a/exo/22/05.md +++ b/exo/22/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he must make restitution "he must pay back the owner of that field" - diff --git a/exo/22/06.md b/exo/22/06.md index af1520dced..5ae2f28dc5 100644 --- a/exo/22/06.md +++ b/exo/22/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is grain that has not been cut, but it is ready to be harvested. # must surely make restitution "must certainly pay for the grain that the fire destroyed" - diff --git a/exo/22/07.md b/exo/22/07.md index 7f98a8bed1..2408025a66 100644 --- a/exo/22/07.md +++ b/exo/22/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ someone who steals something # if the thief is found This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if you find the thief" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/08.md b/exo/22/08.md index e2cbdcc25a..65bcbc8a02 100644 --- a/exo/22/08.md +++ b/exo/22/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # has put his own hand on his neighbor's property This is an idiom. If you have a way of saying this in your language, you can use it here. Alternate translation: "has stolen his neighbor's property" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/09.md b/exo/22/09.md index 0c945f6d4c..478a7e4a9f 100644 --- a/exo/22/09.md +++ b/exo/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the claim of both parties must come before the judges The judges must listen to both people who claim that the item belongs to them and the judges will decide who is guilty. - diff --git a/exo/22/10.md b/exo/22/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/22/10.md +++ b/exo/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/22/11.md b/exo/22/11.md index 5b1dd04c3f..c4c3fbf61c 100644 --- a/exo/22/11.md +++ b/exo/22/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an oath to Yahweh must be taken by them both Only the man who is accused of stealing the animal must swear the oath. The owner of the lost animal must accept the oath that has been sworn. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the man who was caring for the animal must swear an oath before Yahweh and the owner must accept that oath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/12.md b/exo/22/12.md index 1a334e4b3c..5f3473eb67 100644 --- a/exo/22/12.md +++ b/exo/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But if it was stolen from him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But if someone stole the animal from him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/13.md b/exo/22/13.md index 4f49dc9ee9..ae8a94faa5 100644 --- a/exo/22/13.md +++ b/exo/22/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But if a wild beast t # He will not have to pay for what was torn This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He will not have to pay for the animal that the wild beast destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/14.md b/exo/22/14.md index 39495e2d9d..2a29158827 100644 --- a/exo/22/14.md +++ b/exo/22/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must surely make restitution "must certainly repay with another animal" or "must certainly pay the owner for the animal" - diff --git a/exo/22/15.md b/exo/22/15.md index 2327229c7d..74df1bdb47 100644 --- a/exo/22/15.md +++ b/exo/22/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The one who borrowed the animal will not have to pay the owner anything more tha # hiring fee "rental fee" or "money paid to rent the animal" - diff --git a/exo/22/16.md b/exo/22/16.md index 0b7e4cc483..2cf83a73e4 100644 --- a/exo/22/16.md +++ b/exo/22/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Lying with someone is a euphemism for having sex. Alternate translation: "if he # bride wealth "dowry" or "bride price" - diff --git a/exo/22/17.md b/exo/22/17.md index 1cc3f14b3c..8592354d1b 100644 --- a/exo/22/17.md +++ b/exo/22/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # him, he These pronouns refer back to the man who seduced the virgin. - diff --git a/exo/22/18.md b/exo/22/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/22/18.md +++ b/exo/22/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/22/19.md b/exo/22/19.md index 56e6987a33..00242b9973 100644 --- a/exo/22/19.md +++ b/exo/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whoever lies with an animal This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "Whoever has sexual relations with an animal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/20.md b/exo/22/20.md index 9e5e38ba86..4b4bd6c495 100644 --- a/exo/22/20.md +++ b/exo/22/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh must be completely destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, you must completely destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/21.md b/exo/22/21.md index e7791b1d56..3f20c8c58f 100644 --- a/exo/22/21.md +++ b/exo/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wrong a foreigner "mistreat a foreigner" or "cheat a foreigner" - diff --git a/exo/22/22.md b/exo/22/22.md index b8e2b6d7d3..bbaa919003 100644 --- a/exo/22/22.md +++ b/exo/22/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "You must treat all # fatherless child "orphan" or "child with no parents" - diff --git a/exo/22/23.md b/exo/22/23.md index 1c9970761f..f94662dbe1 100644 --- a/exo/22/23.md +++ b/exo/22/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their outcry -Here the "outcry" is of people in pain because they are being oppressed. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). - +Here the "outcry" is of people in pain because they are being oppressed. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). diff --git a/exo/22/24.md b/exo/22/24.md index 5208cb444e..77019216ee 100644 --- a/exo/22/24.md +++ b/exo/22/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will kill you with the sword To be killed "with the sword" is a metonym that means a person will die violently, or perhaps fighting in a war. Alternate translation: "you will die a violent death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/25.md b/exo/22/25.md index 7cfff11fa5..48c09a40d4 100644 --- a/exo/22/25.md +++ b/exo/22/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # charge him interest "charge him extra money for borrowing" or "charge him extra money for the loan" - diff --git a/exo/22/26.md b/exo/22/26.md index 2a134d8360..a603c57ae3 100644 --- a/exo/22/26.md +++ b/exo/22/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # garment in pledge "coat as collateral" or "coat as a guarantee to repay the loan" - diff --git a/exo/22/27.md b/exo/22/27.md index a968137830..b85e19c003 100644 --- a/exo/22/27.md +++ b/exo/22/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What else can he lie down in? This question adds emphasis. You can translate it as a strong statement. Alternate translation: "He will have nothing to wear while he sleeps!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/exo/22/28.md b/exo/22/28.md index cd7f378f05..1f1a76f5dc 100644 --- a/exo/22/28.md +++ b/exo/22/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # nor curse a ruler "and do not ask God to do bad things to a ruler" - diff --git a/exo/22/29.md b/exo/22/29.md index 629d991d15..e5c50b6db6 100644 --- a/exo/22/29.md +++ b/exo/22/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "You must bring al # give to me the firstborn of your sons "dedicate your firstborn sons to me" - diff --git a/exo/22/30.md b/exo/22/30.md index f2188ac1be..adb10513a0 100644 --- a/exo/22/30.md +++ b/exo/22/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be written as a numeral. Alternate translation: "day number 8" (See: [[ # give them to me "dedicate them to me" - diff --git a/exo/22/31.md b/exo/22/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/22/31.md +++ b/exo/22/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/22/intro.md b/exo/22/intro.md index 241bcdc15f..890e5a5562 100644 --- a/exo/22/intro.md +++ b/exo/22/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 22 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice in society -#### Justice in society The rules and laws of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God's chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. In this chapter, the purpose of these laws often focuses on minimizing the people's desire for vengeance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The rules and laws of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every soci * __[Exodus 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/23/01.md b/exo/23/01.md index 2ae295ca1e..00f295b533 100644 --- a/exo/23/01.md +++ b/exo/23/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. # malicious witness This is the same as a lying or false witness. - diff --git a/exo/23/02.md b/exo/23/02.md index d094a125b5..1a50c75a46 100644 --- a/exo/23/02.md +++ b/exo/23/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metaphor that describes one's agreeing with a group of people as if he # pervert justice do illegal or immoral actions that result in a unjust ruling - diff --git a/exo/23/03.md b/exo/23/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/23/03.md +++ b/exo/23/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/23/04.md b/exo/23/04.md index dc0f80984f..0ec29b1f5f 100644 --- a/exo/23/04.md +++ b/exo/23/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/23/05.md b/exo/23/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/23/05.md +++ b/exo/23/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/23/06.md b/exo/23/06.md index f11918d16d..55bf0f503d 100644 --- a/exo/23/06.md +++ b/exo/23/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. # lawsuit Here, this refers to any matter that a court decides. - diff --git a/exo/23/07.md b/exo/23/07.md index 2b43bc4985..6844ac2258 100644 --- a/exo/23/07.md +++ b/exo/23/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will not acquit the wicked "I will not find the wicked not guilty" or "I will not say of wicked people that they are innocent" - diff --git a/exo/23/08.md b/exo/23/08.md index c65fc46f66..061d45bbc0 100644 --- a/exo/23/08.md +++ b/exo/23/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bribe blinds ... perverts Here a "bribe" is described as if it were a person. Alternate translation: "bribe discredits ... undermines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/09.md b/exo/23/09.md index fba79d7b90..bc6cf0ae0e 100644 --- a/exo/23/09.md +++ b/exo/23/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the life of a foreigner "the kind of life a stranger lives in a foreign land" - diff --git a/exo/23/10.md b/exo/23/10.md index 70453b4574..7dd51bfb63 100644 --- a/exo/23/10.md +++ b/exo/23/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. # its produce "the food its plants produce" - diff --git a/exo/23/11.md b/exo/23/11.md index 912dc53a84..420aba7db1 100644 --- a/exo/23/11.md +++ b/exo/23/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ in its natural state, not used for to grow food # so that the poor among your people may eat The poor can eat any food that grows on its own in a field that is not cultivated. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "so the poor among your people may harvest and eat any food that grows on its own in that field" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/12.md b/exo/23/12.md index c1d119e1c7..cd355b54f5 100644 --- a/exo/23/12.md +++ b/exo/23/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. # any foreigner may rest and be refreshed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "any foreigner may rest and regain his strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/13.md b/exo/23/13.md index d363f22620..8cd74391d6 100644 --- a/exo/23/13.md +++ b/exo/23/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # mention the names of other gods This represents praying to other gods. Alternate translation: "pray to other gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/14.md b/exo/23/14.md index dc0f80984f..0ec29b1f5f 100644 --- a/exo/23/14.md +++ b/exo/23/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/23/15.md b/exo/23/15.md index 692c8cdca5..5350296e53 100644 --- a/exo/23/15.md +++ b/exo/23/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the l # not appear before me empty-handed Here understatement is used to emphasize that the Israelites must bring a suitable offering to Yahweh. "come to me without a proper offering" or "always bring an offering to me" - diff --git a/exo/23/16.md b/exo/23/16.md index 8142574d6f..5506ecab12 100644 --- a/exo/23/16.md +++ b/exo/23/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. # Festival of Ingathering This festival celebrated the final harvesting of all the crops for the year. - diff --git a/exo/23/17.md b/exo/23/17.md index 68d82a4f3f..fbd0bf0772 100644 --- a/exo/23/17.md +++ b/exo/23/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All your males must appear before the Lord Yahweh Here to "appear" means to gather for worship. Alternate translation: "All the men must gather to worship the Lord Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/18.md b/exo/23/18.md index 42f88881a6..31fd4025ff 100644 --- a/exo/23/18.md +++ b/exo/23/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. # fat from the sacrifices The fat was burned as an offering to Yahweh and was never eaten. - diff --git a/exo/23/19.md b/exo/23/19.md index fd7de638f7..b2dc046624 100644 --- a/exo/23/19.md +++ b/exo/23/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # You must not boil a young goat in its mother's milk This was a magical fertility practice among the Canaanites, which the Israelites were not permitted to participate in. - diff --git a/exo/23/20.md b/exo/23/20.md index dc0f80984f..0ec29b1f5f 100644 --- a/exo/23/20.md +++ b/exo/23/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/23/21.md b/exo/23/21.md index f37e2bfa1a..f03519d0b6 100644 --- a/exo/23/21.md +++ b/exo/23/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # My name is on him Here "name" refers to God's authority. Alternate translation: "He has my authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/22.md b/exo/23/22.md index d028970227..eae68775ad 100644 --- a/exo/23/22.md +++ b/exo/23/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "voice" represents what the angel says. Alternate translation: "If you care # an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries These two phrases mean the same thing and are used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/23.md b/exo/23/23.md index dc0f80984f..0ec29b1f5f 100644 --- a/exo/23/23.md +++ b/exo/23/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/23/24.md b/exo/23/24.md index d251a3776f..162d5959d4 100644 --- a/exo/23/24.md +++ b/exo/23/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must not ... do as they do The Israelites must not live as the people who worship other gods. Alternate translation: "You must not ... live as the people who worship those gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/25.md b/exo/23/25.md index f09d71467f..bf1472dca2 100644 --- a/exo/23/25.md +++ b/exo/23/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a merism that means food and drink. Alternate translation: "he will bles # he will bless ... I will remove Yahweh switched between the first and third pronoun to refer to himself. Here both "he" and "I" refer to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/26.md b/exo/23/26.md index bfa1c0f458..e217c4bd31 100644 --- a/exo/23/26.md +++ b/exo/23/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. # miscarry to have a pregnancy end early and unexpectedly - diff --git a/exo/23/27.md b/exo/23/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/23/27.md +++ b/exo/23/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/23/28.md b/exo/23/28.md index f39b3fafc6..fbc8cd67f8 100644 --- a/exo/23/28.md +++ b/exo/23/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hornets a flying insect that can sting people and cause pain - diff --git a/exo/23/29.md b/exo/23/29.md index f92a563e3a..c66407763b 100644 --- a/exo/23/29.md +++ b/exo/23/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # or the land would become desolate "because no one would be living in the land" - diff --git a/exo/23/30.md b/exo/23/30.md index dc0f80984f..0ec29b1f5f 100644 --- a/exo/23/30.md +++ b/exo/23/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/23/31.md b/exo/23/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/23/31.md +++ b/exo/23/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/23/32.md b/exo/23/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/23/32.md +++ b/exo/23/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/23/33.md b/exo/23/33.md index a10b35ad3e..f46081b072 100644 --- a/exo/23/33.md +++ b/exo/23/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this will surely become a trap for you This means worshiping other gods will lead the people of Israel to certain destruction as if they were an animal caught in a hunter's trap. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/23/intro.md b/exo/23/intro.md index 219937fc33..0d0dcfa22b 100644 --- a/exo/23/intro.md +++ b/exo/23/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Exodus 23 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice in society -#### Justice in society The rules and laws of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God's chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) -#### Celebrations of feasts and festivals -The people of Israel were required to celebrate certain feasts and festivals. These were part of the law of Moses and some are described in this chapter. Their purpose was to worship Yahweh and to remember the great things Yahweh has done for them. +### Celebrations of feasts and festivals + +The people of Israel were required to celebrate certain feasts and festivals. These were part of the law of Moses and some are described in this chapter. Their purpose was to worship Yahweh and to remember the great things Yahweh has done for them. ## Links: * __[Exodus 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/24/01.md b/exo/24/01.md index 5d2d109b4b..6dda821b46 100644 --- a/exo/24/01.md +++ b/exo/24/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06 # seventy of Israel's elders "70 of Israel's elders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/02.md b/exo/24/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/24/02.md +++ b/exo/24/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/24/03.md b/exo/24/03.md index dc7a2fa965..07be9828a1 100644 --- a/exo/24/03.md +++ b/exo/24/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with one voice This is an idiom that means the people were in complete agreement. Alternate translation: "together" or "in agreement" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/04.md b/exo/24/04.md index 9199f201d3..b6e3495c99 100644 --- a/exo/24/04.md +++ b/exo/24/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # foot of the mountain "base of the mountain" or "bottom of the mountain" - diff --git a/exo/24/05.md b/exo/24/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/24/05.md +++ b/exo/24/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/24/06.md b/exo/24/06.md index a7f804a6bf..6a7e7a57f2 100644 --- a/exo/24/06.md +++ b/exo/24/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses collected half of the blood in basins in order to splash it on the people # he sprinkled the other half onto the altar Here the altar represents God. This would confirm God's participation in the covenant between God and the people of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/24/07.md b/exo/24/07.md index bdcb2e1ca5..1b5e90403d 100644 --- a/exo/24/07.md +++ b/exo/24/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We will be obedient This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We will obey everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/08.md b/exo/24/08.md index e479ffb1f6..50ed0248cb 100644 --- a/exo/24/08.md +++ b/exo/24/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Moses took the blood This refers to the blood that Moses had put into the bowls. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Then Moses took the blood that was in the bowls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/09.md b/exo/24/09.md index 8054a251f9..32fbafc534 100644 --- a/exo/24/09.md +++ b/exo/24/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nadab ... Abihu These are men's names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/10.md b/exo/24/10.md index 7a1a8e5678..078c3f6524 100644 --- a/exo/24/10.md +++ b/exo/24/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a gemstone that is blue in color. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-u # as clear as the sky itself This is a simile. Alternate translation: "as clear as the sky is when there are no clouds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/11.md b/exo/24/11.md index eda8ccc08d..893664a615 100644 --- a/exo/24/11.md +++ b/exo/24/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God did not lay a hand on the leaders of the people of Israel This means that God did not harm the leaders. Alternate translation: "God did not harm the leaders of the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/12.md b/exo/24/12.md index 0627f16607..12b3ab5829 100644 --- a/exo/24/12.md +++ b/exo/24/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tablets of stone and the law and commandments God had written the law and commandments on the tablets of stone. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "two stone slabs on which I have written all the laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/13.md b/exo/24/13.md index fdb921f143..fdc6332521 100644 --- a/exo/24/13.md +++ b/exo/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with his assistant Joshua "with Joshua who assisted him" or "with Joshua who helped him" - diff --git a/exo/24/14.md b/exo/24/14.md index 2fb7018128..fde8ad2b87 100644 --- a/exo/24/14.md +++ b/exo/24/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Hur Hur was a man who was a friend of Moses and Aaron. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:10](../17/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/15.md b/exo/24/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/24/15.md +++ b/exo/24/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/24/16.md b/exo/24/16.md index 64a2b54213..b066008a81 100644 --- a/exo/24/16.md +++ b/exo/24/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh's glory This was the brilliant light of God's presence. Alternate translation: "The brilliant light showing God's presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/17.md b/exo/24/17.md index 2959072915..be14cfe944 100644 --- a/exo/24/17.md +++ b/exo/24/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means the glory of Yahweh was very large and seemed to burn brightly like a # in the eyes of the people of Israel Their eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents their thoughts or judgment about they saw. Alternate translation: "to the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/18.md b/exo/24/18.md index 63b7d44b6b..b1cc9c746d 100644 --- a/exo/24/18.md +++ b/exo/24/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # forty days and forty nights "40 days and 40 nights" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/24/intro.md b/exo/24/intro.md index d8c8f4a70f..c220df7d8c 100644 --- a/exo/24/intro.md +++ b/exo/24/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Exodus 24 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Moses's covenant -#### Moses's covenant The people of Israel promise to obey the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. Their continued blessings were contingent upon their obedience to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -#### God's holiness +### God's holiness + Because Yahweh is perfectly holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. Because of this, only Moses was allowed near Yahweh. This is also why Yahweh is described as a "devouring fire." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Because Yahweh is perfectly holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. Be * __[Exodus 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/25/01.md b/exo/25/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/25/01.md +++ b/exo/25/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/25/02.md b/exo/25/02.md index 69d1e2fd6f..fcf0efc7a0 100644 --- a/exo/25/02.md +++ b/exo/25/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that indicates a person's desire to give an offering. Alternate # You must receive The word "you" refers to Moses and the leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/03.md b/exo/25/03.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/25/03.md +++ b/exo/25/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/25/04.md b/exo/25/04.md index b1c6ece0e6..e3e60fc68d 100644 --- a/exo/25/04.md +++ b/exo/25/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet," prob # scarlet bright red - diff --git a/exo/25/05.md b/exo/25/05.md index f9a87ad92e..4d7fe23303 100644 --- a/exo/25/05.md +++ b/exo/25/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hides These are animal skins. - diff --git a/exo/25/06.md b/exo/25/06.md index d6478ca3e8..41b011267a 100644 --- a/exo/25/06.md +++ b/exo/25/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spices dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a nice smell or flavor (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/07.md b/exo/25/07.md index 603c6ed46e..0ec8989323 100644 --- a/exo/25/07.md +++ b/exo/25/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "precious stones for s # precious stones "valuable gems" or "treasured gems" - diff --git a/exo/25/08.md b/exo/25/08.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/25/08.md +++ b/exo/25/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/25/09.md b/exo/25/09.md index c01ffdd542..0d4c1ba3f4 100644 --- a/exo/25/09.md +++ b/exo/25/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" is plural and refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc:// # show you in the plans "show you in the design" or "show you in the pattern." Here "you" is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/10.md b/exo/25/10.md index 509ad254a4..9270fa7a1b 100644 --- a/exo/25/10.md +++ b/exo/25/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # two and a half cubits ... one cubit and a half A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "2.5 cubits ... 1.5 cubits" or "115 centimeters ... almost 69 centimeters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/11.md b/exo/25/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/25/11.md +++ b/exo/25/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/25/12.md b/exo/25/12.md index 262d77eb28..a53f0cf5fb 100644 --- a/exo/25/12.md +++ b/exo/25/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # cast four rings of gold Casting was a process in which gold was melted, poured into a mold that was in the shape of a ring, and then allowed to harden. - diff --git a/exo/25/13.md b/exo/25/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/25/13.md +++ b/exo/25/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/25/14.md b/exo/25/14.md index bacd4b6326..7c482849f7 100644 --- a/exo/25/14.md +++ b/exo/25/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in order to carry the ark "so that you can carry the ark" - diff --git a/exo/25/15.md b/exo/25/15.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/25/15.md +++ b/exo/25/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/25/16.md b/exo/25/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/25/16.md +++ b/exo/25/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/25/17.md b/exo/25/17.md index bd0e568967..6a0b369091 100644 --- a/exo/25/17.md +++ b/exo/25/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was mad # two and a half cubits ... a cubit and a half A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "2.5 cubits ... 1.5 cubits" or "115 centimeters ... 69 centimeters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/18.md b/exo/25/18.md index 6bd9284632..7de3293121 100644 --- a/exo/25/18.md +++ b/exo/25/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hammered gold "beaten gold" - diff --git a/exo/25/19.md b/exo/25/19.md index 24a7d4b815..02f7f8421a 100644 --- a/exo/25/19.md +++ b/exo/25/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was mad # They must be made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must make them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/20.md b/exo/25/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/25/20.md +++ b/exo/25/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/25/21.md b/exo/25/21.md index c6bdca9c28..3a5f780192 100644 --- a/exo/25/21.md +++ b/exo/25/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must put Here "you" refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/22.md b/exo/25/22.md index bf5c3e2d68..1b58894d1b 100644 --- a/exo/25/22.md +++ b/exo/25/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to Moses. # atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md). - diff --git a/exo/25/23.md b/exo/25/23.md index b62fb2b5c3..51a4fcde72 100644 --- a/exo/25/23.md +++ b/exo/25/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # two cubits ... one cubit ... a cubit and a half A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "2 cubits ... 1 cubit ... 1.5 cubits" or "92 centimeters ... 46 centimeters ... 69 centimeters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/24.md b/exo/25/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/25/24.md +++ b/exo/25/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/25/25.md b/exo/25/25.md index daa03586af..7f49715fe3 100644 --- a/exo/25/25.md +++ b/exo/25/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a measurement of 7 to 8 centimeters # frame for it "frame for the table" - diff --git a/exo/25/26.md b/exo/25/26.md index 2dab68947c..85b0aaf4e2 100644 --- a/exo/25/26.md +++ b/exo/25/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # feet were "legs are" - diff --git a/exo/25/27.md b/exo/25/27.md index 48d29ec45a..efd6c7ac35 100644 --- a/exo/25/27.md +++ b/exo/25/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must attach the r # in order to carry "so you can carry" - diff --git a/exo/25/28.md b/exo/25/28.md index 2fd3ff8836..a3187b4853 100644 --- a/exo/25/28.md +++ b/exo/25/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # so that the table may be carried with them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that you may carry the table with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/29.md b/exo/25/29.md index 8b058df961..ade11bb00a 100644 --- a/exo/25/29.md +++ b/exo/25/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be used to pour out drink offerings This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that you may use them to pour out drink offerings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/30.md b/exo/25/30.md index 1788c61843..e34de6ab96 100644 --- a/exo/25/30.md +++ b/exo/25/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bread of the presence This bread represented the presence of God. - diff --git a/exo/25/31.md b/exo/25/31.md index 87666808ba..4e6945e2c4 100644 --- a/exo/25/31.md +++ b/exo/25/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Make the lampstand" ( # Its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers are to be all made of one piece with it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Make its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers all of one piece with the lampstand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/32.md b/exo/25/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/25/32.md +++ b/exo/25/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/25/33.md b/exo/25/33.md index 84b653fbeb..adc4e1155c 100644 --- a/exo/25/33.md +++ b/exo/25/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the # almond blossoms white or pink flowers that have five petals - diff --git a/exo/25/34.md b/exo/25/34.md index a4485a9efa..fbbaf12135 100644 --- a/exo/25/34.md +++ b/exo/25/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)). - diff --git a/exo/25/35.md b/exo/25/35.md index dc7fe73493..ff1e955fbd 100644 --- a/exo/25/35.md +++ b/exo/25/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the # made as one piece with it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must make them as one piece with the lampstand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/36.md b/exo/25/36.md index a4485a9efa..fbbaf12135 100644 --- a/exo/25/36.md +++ b/exo/25/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)). - diff --git a/exo/25/37.md b/exo/25/37.md index 38bf6adfaf..61a9fac37c 100644 --- a/exo/25/37.md +++ b/exo/25/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # for them to give light from it "so they shine light from it" - diff --git a/exo/25/38.md b/exo/25/38.md index 3eac92d062..17711d3afa 100644 --- a/exo/25/38.md +++ b/exo/25/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The tongs and their trays must be made of pure gold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Make the tongs and their trays of pure gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/39.md b/exo/25/39.md index 0e0e983ace..3080701e90 100644 --- a/exo/25/39.md +++ b/exo/25/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A talent weighs about thirty-three kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transla # its accessories the tongs and the trays - diff --git a/exo/25/40.md b/exo/25/40.md index a3322cd3fc..362ef93042 100644 --- a/exo/25/40.md +++ b/exo/25/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are being shown on the mountain This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I am showing you on the mountain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/25/intro.md b/exo/25/intro.md index 7aa0ea86b2..ff40c126d1 100644 --- a/exo/25/intro.md +++ b/exo/25/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 25 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The tent of meeting -#### The tent of meeting This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where * __[Exodus 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/26/01.md b/exo/26/01.md index ea12ee41a8..adde83db64 100644 --- a/exo/26/01.md +++ b/exo/26/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ wool dyed a deep red color # craftsman a person who is skilled in making beautiful objects by hand - diff --git a/exo/26/02.md b/exo/26/02.md index 7109caa380..e9e0154342 100644 --- a/exo/26/02.md +++ b/exo/26/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-eight cubits ... four cubits "28 cubits ... 4 cubits." A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/03.md b/exo/26/03.md index 5eebb7cc0c..92daef2842 100644 --- a/exo/26/03.md +++ b/exo/26/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Five curtains must be joined to each other ... must also be joined to each other This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Sew five curtains together to make one set, and sew the other five curtains together to make another set" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/04.md b/exo/26/04.md index ea9f97f93c..0bca58d516 100644 --- a/exo/26/04.md +++ b/exo/26/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the second set "the second set of five curtains" - diff --git a/exo/26/05.md b/exo/26/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/05.md +++ b/exo/26/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/06.md b/exo/26/06.md index fd5e2b2ff4..c578423bf5 100644 --- a/exo/26/06.md +++ b/exo/26/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # clasps The clasps fit into the loops (verses 4 and 5) to hold the curtains together. - diff --git a/exo/26/07.md b/exo/26/07.md index cc1f552fa3..c86cca56ea 100644 --- a/exo/26/07.md +++ b/exo/26/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # eleven "11" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/08.md b/exo/26/08.md index d9057ac996..ea52c2b639 100644 --- a/exo/26/08.md +++ b/exo/26/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/09.md b/exo/26/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/09.md +++ b/exo/26/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/10.md b/exo/26/10.md index ce08639c2f..e8a85ee3a5 100644 --- a/exo/26/10.md +++ b/exo/26/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # loops See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:4](./04.md). - diff --git a/exo/26/11.md b/exo/26/11.md index 61514f96a2..84a175e23f 100644 --- a/exo/26/11.md +++ b/exo/26/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # clasps The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:6](./06.md). - diff --git a/exo/26/12.md b/exo/26/12.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/exo/26/12.md +++ b/exo/26/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/26/13.md b/exo/26/13.md index 3e83b6d211..bfd0841ecc 100644 --- a/exo/26/13.md +++ b/exo/26/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cubit A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/14.md b/exo/26/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/14.md +++ b/exo/26/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/15.md b/exo/26/15.md index 6e6539af4a..67de112ba7 100644 --- a/exo/26/15.md +++ b/exo/26/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # frames This refers to frames or panels that they made by joining together smaller pieces of wood. - diff --git a/exo/26/16.md b/exo/26/16.md index 53def18d20..f0902bfa69 100644 --- a/exo/26/16.md +++ b/exo/26/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ten cubits ... one and a half cubits "10 cubits ... 1.5 cubits" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/17.md b/exo/26/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/17.md +++ b/exo/26/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/18.md b/exo/26/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/18.md +++ b/exo/26/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/19.md b/exo/26/19.md index 4913c15c47..a6a9e9ef1a 100644 --- a/exo/26/19.md +++ b/exo/26/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The silver bases kept the wooden board off the ground. # There must be two bases This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Put two bases" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/20.md b/exo/26/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/20.md +++ b/exo/26/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/21.md b/exo/26/21.md index d1b16bd3c7..51e93b65e4 100644 --- a/exo/26/21.md +++ b/exo/26/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and so on This means that what was said about the first two boards should be done for the rest of the boards. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "and two bases for each of the rest of the boards" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/22.md b/exo/26/22.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/26/22.md +++ b/exo/26/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/26/23.md b/exo/26/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/23.md +++ b/exo/26/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/24.md b/exo/26/24.md index 87a0bb9875..ac3fd53ee9 100644 --- a/exo/26/24.md +++ b/exo/26/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These frames must be separate at the bottom, but joined at the top This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Separate these frames at the bottom, but join them at the top" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/25.md b/exo/26/25.md index 6a8018987c..6c6fcca146 100644 --- a/exo/26/25.md +++ b/exo/26/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the frame in place. See # and so on This means that what was said about the first two frames should be done for the rest of the frames. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:21](../26/21.md). Alternate translation: "and two bases for each of the rest of the frames" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/26.md b/exo/26/26.md index 555608efc1..4d6ea43a4c 100644 --- a/exo/26/26.md +++ b/exo/26/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continue to tell Moses how the tabernacle was to be built. # crossbars These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. - diff --git a/exo/26/27.md b/exo/26/27.md index b20f57b7a7..6284e7d639 100644 --- a/exo/26/27.md +++ b/exo/26/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the back side of the tabernacle to the west The front was on the east side of the tabernacle. - diff --git a/exo/26/28.md b/exo/26/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/28.md +++ b/exo/26/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/29.md b/exo/26/29.md index f94ec7d88b..0004720998 100644 --- a/exo/26/29.md +++ b/exo/26/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle must be constructed. # crossbars These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:26](../26/26.md). - diff --git a/exo/26/30.md b/exo/26/30.md index 3bc35c8272..aebf98c250 100644 --- a/exo/26/30.md +++ b/exo/26/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you were shown on the mountain This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I have shown you here on this mountain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/31.md b/exo/26/31.md index b4ec19fecf..2b5f58a8b8 100644 --- a/exo/26/31.md +++ b/exo/26/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle is to be constructed. # You must make Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word "you" is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. "Tell a craftsman to make." See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/32.md b/exo/26/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/32.md +++ b/exo/26/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/33.md b/exo/26/33.md index c7d1f019bf..0597734eef 100644 --- a/exo/26/33.md +++ b/exo/26/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The ark of the testimony is the chest that contains the commandments. This can b # The curtain is to separate the holy place This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The curtain will separate the holy place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/34.md b/exo/26/34.md index 4361589ec3..635817e297 100644 --- a/exo/26/34.md +++ b/exo/26/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was mad # on the ark of the covenant decrees "on the chest that contains the commandments" - diff --git a/exo/26/35.md b/exo/26/35.md index 9cb33a30ca..537536592c 100644 --- a/exo/26/35.md +++ b/exo/26/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The table must be on the north side This is the table that holds the bread that represents the presence of God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Place the table for the bread of God's presence on the north side" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/26/36.md b/exo/26/36.md index dd8716e159..bab0d836d3 100644 --- a/exo/26/36.md +++ b/exo/26/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "yarn that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet," probably # an embroiderer "a person who sews designs into cloth" or "a person who embroiders" - diff --git a/exo/26/37.md b/exo/26/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/26/37.md +++ b/exo/26/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/26/intro.md b/exo/26/intro.md index 52349a6ba4..e098765620 100644 --- a/exo/26/intro.md +++ b/exo/26/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Exodus 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The tent of meeting -#### The tent of meeting This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where * __[Exodus 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/27/01.md b/exo/27/01.md index 257c240ab6..082b8b36b8 100644 --- a/exo/27/01.md +++ b/exo/27/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.m # cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/27/02.md b/exo/27/02.md index 33c5802b7a..fe8b9f17ed 100644 --- a/exo/27/02.md +++ b/exo/27/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must make the hor # must cover them "must cover the altar and horns" - diff --git a/exo/27/03.md b/exo/27/03.md index 7746b13a89..538bd2d3e7 100644 --- a/exo/27/03.md +++ b/exo/27/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These were pans that held hot coals from the altar. # utensils These were any instrument, vessel, or tool that served a useful purpose. - diff --git a/exo/27/04.md b/exo/27/04.md index b8d7f087a3..eca9cd1ab6 100644 --- a/exo/27/04.md +++ b/exo/27/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # grate a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning - diff --git a/exo/27/05.md b/exo/27/05.md index 2c02da6c9b..d4802e10c6 100644 --- a/exo/27/05.md +++ b/exo/27/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The grate was placed inside the altar. This can be stated clearly in the transla # grate This is a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md). - diff --git a/exo/27/06.md b/exo/27/06.md index 79b5c78880..08f495aafb 100644 --- a/exo/27/06.md +++ b/exo/27/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must make poles for the altar These poles were used for carrying the altar. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "You must make poles for carrying the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/27/07.md b/exo/27/07.md index 96380663f5..f297b97724 100644 --- a/exo/27/07.md +++ b/exo/27/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people should do. # The poles must be put into the rings, and the poles must be on the two sides of the altar, to carry it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must put the poles into the rings and place them on each side of the altar to carry it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/27/08.md b/exo/27/08.md index 24132ed4bd..97b153e2ef 100644 --- a/exo/27/08.md +++ b/exo/27/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a long, flat piece of wood that is thicker than a board # you were shown on the mountain This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I have shown to you here on this mountain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/27/09.md b/exo/27/09.md index 267a3648a1..e8edadd415 100644 --- a/exo/27/09.md +++ b/exo/27/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A "hanging" was a large curtain made of cloth. See how you translated this in [E # one hundred cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "44 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/27/10.md b/exo/27/10.md index 4de5779b9e..c9ceeccedb 100644 --- a/exo/27/10.md +++ b/exo/27/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must also attach # posts a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support - diff --git a/exo/27/11.md b/exo/27/11.md index 38fb60a284..76c94703fd 100644 --- a/exo/27/11.md +++ b/exo/27/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: "you must make hanging # with twenty posts, twenty bronze bases, hooks attached to the posts, and silver rods See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 27:10](./10.md). - diff --git a/exo/27/12.md b/exo/27/12.md index 619e551458..4d84964a84 100644 --- a/exo/27/12.md +++ b/exo/27/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: "you must make a curta # There must be ten posts This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: "You must make ten posts" - diff --git a/exo/27/13.md b/exo/27/13.md index 04085cad26..d6b421d4b3 100644 --- a/exo/27/13.md +++ b/exo/27/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The courtyard must also be fifty cubits long This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: "Make the courtyard fifty cubits long" - diff --git a/exo/27/14.md b/exo/27/14.md index 48936ead44..9b84be86fb 100644 --- a/exo/27/14.md +++ b/exo/27/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These were metal blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place. See # fifteen cubits about seven meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/27/15.md b/exo/27/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/27/15.md +++ b/exo/27/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/27/16.md b/exo/27/16.md index 1e031cdf73..180735458b 100644 --- a/exo/27/16.md +++ b/exo/27/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "yarn that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet," probably # an embroiderer a person who sews designs into cloth - diff --git a/exo/27/17.md b/exo/27/17.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/27/17.md +++ b/exo/27/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/27/18.md b/exo/27/18.md index e16e74044e..2004cc47b7 100644 --- a/exo/27/18.md +++ b/exo/27/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fine twined linen hangings "finely twisted linen." This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md). - diff --git a/exo/27/19.md b/exo/27/19.md index 2b3f4ce100..e2596a3c26 100644 --- a/exo/27/19.md +++ b/exo/27/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "make all the tent peg # tent pegs sharp pieces of wood or metal used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground - diff --git a/exo/27/20.md b/exo/27/20.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/27/20.md +++ b/exo/27/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/27/21.md b/exo/27/21.md index 96910f1fd3..26ef162b95 100644 --- a/exo/27/21.md +++ b/exo/27/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the chest that contains the sacred slabs of stone on which Yahweh had wr # This requirement will be a lasting statute "I require that the people do this as a lasting statute" - diff --git a/exo/27/intro.md b/exo/27/intro.md index de56fa8baf..b43a6e73c0 100644 --- a/exo/27/intro.md +++ b/exo/27/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Exodus 27 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The tent of meeting -#### The tent of meeting This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where * __[Exodus 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/28/01.md b/exo/28/01.md index 21acc6eddd..d485a9dfef 100644 --- a/exo/28/01.md +++ b/exo/28/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.m # Call to yourself Here "yourself" refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/02.md b/exo/28/02.md index 87ecb5bc1e..3588f5e24f 100644 --- a/exo/28/02.md +++ b/exo/28/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" refers to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # garments that are set apart to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "garments that you will set apart to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/03.md b/exo/28/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/28/03.md +++ b/exo/28/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/28/04.md b/exo/28/04.md index 8df6e02232..b6cc3ad030 100644 --- a/exo/28/04.md +++ b/exo/28/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times # sash a piece of cloth that people wear around their waist or across their chest - diff --git a/exo/28/05.md b/exo/28/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/28/05.md +++ b/exo/28/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/28/06.md b/exo/28/06.md index d64865f319..e81f87cfb9 100644 --- a/exo/28/06.md +++ b/exo/28/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # skillful craftsman a person who can make beautiful objects by hand - diff --git a/exo/28/07.md b/exo/28/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/28/07.md +++ b/exo/28/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/28/08.md b/exo/28/08.md index 4095c9f6ad..768be23076 100644 --- a/exo/28/08.md +++ b/exo/28/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it must be made of one piece This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they must make it in one piece" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/09.md b/exo/28/09.md index f08b410b9d..8e7802a4b9 100644 --- a/exo/28/09.md +++ b/exo/28/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # onyx stones These are valuable stones that have layers of white and black, red or brown. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/10.md b/exo/28/10.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/28/10.md +++ b/exo/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/28/11.md b/exo/28/11.md index f0f195a312..c01b14ee7a 100644 --- a/exo/28/11.md +++ b/exo/28/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ an engraved stone used to stamp a design into a wax seal # settings pieces of metal that hold the stone onto the ephod - diff --git a/exo/28/12.md b/exo/28/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/28/12.md +++ b/exo/28/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/28/13.md b/exo/28/13.md index 24f69dae17..c7aca609eb 100644 --- a/exo/28/13.md +++ b/exo/28/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # settings These are pieces of metal that hold each stone onto the ephod. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md). - diff --git a/exo/28/14.md b/exo/28/14.md index 838e211a70..3dbe36d572 100644 --- a/exo/28/14.md +++ b/exo/28/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # two braided chains of pure gold like cords "two chains of pure gold that are braided like cords" - diff --git a/exo/28/15.md b/exo/28/15.md index da9b55f154..9b6b4d2cf6 100644 --- a/exo/28/15.md +++ b/exo/28/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # the work of a skillful workman, fashioned like the ephod "a skillful workman will make it like the ephod" - diff --git a/exo/28/16.md b/exo/28/16.md index 9093f0dbd8..3f2fd3a0bb 100644 --- a/exo/28/16.md +++ b/exo/28/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # span A span is 22 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/17.md b/exo/28/17.md index 23999508be..a7c5b19291 100644 --- a/exo/28/17.md +++ b/exo/28/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Twelve kinds of stone are listed here. Scholars are not sure which kinds of ston # ruby ... topaz ... garnet These are precious stones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/18.md b/exo/28/18.md index de8f815719..e5e2382b8f 100644 --- a/exo/28/18.md +++ b/exo/28/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are precious stones. # sapphire This is a gemstone that is blue in color. See how you translated this in [Exodus 24:10](../24/10.md). - diff --git a/exo/28/19.md b/exo/28/19.md index 7777fd8eee..f733aa7053 100644 --- a/exo/28/19.md +++ b/exo/28/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # jacinth ... agate ... amethyst These are precious stones - diff --git a/exo/28/20.md b/exo/28/20.md index 73e6921875..69cf9a1297 100644 --- a/exo/28/20.md +++ b/exo/28/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a valuable stone that has layers of white and black, red or brown. See h # They must be mounted in gold settings This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must mount them in gold settings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/21.md b/exo/28/21.md index 4b6cb2186e..c20be5b777 100644 --- a/exo/28/21.md +++ b/exo/28/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must arrange the # signet ring A signet is an engraved stone used to stamp a design into a wax seal. Here the stone is mounted on a ring. See how you translated "signet" in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md). - diff --git a/exo/28/22.md b/exo/28/22.md index 82ad8ffa7f..d81c183740 100644 --- a/exo/28/22.md +++ b/exo/28/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # chains like cords, braided work of pure gold "chains that are made of pure gold and are braided like cords." See how you translated similar phrases in [Exodus 28:14](../28/14.md). - diff --git a/exo/28/23.md b/exo/28/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/28/23.md +++ b/exo/28/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/28/24.md b/exo/28/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/28/24.md +++ b/exo/28/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/28/25.md b/exo/28/25.md index 68b8731570..7812f0d1be 100644 --- a/exo/28/25.md +++ b/exo/28/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # to the two settings These are two settings that enclose the stones. This can be clearly stated in the translation. Alternate translation: "to the two settings that enclose the stones" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/26.md b/exo/28/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/28/26.md +++ b/exo/28/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/28/27.md b/exo/28/27.md index 0b9cd5515f..07be46d46c 100644 --- a/exo/28/27.md +++ b/exo/28/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # finely-woven waistband This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md). - diff --git a/exo/28/28.md b/exo/28/28.md index aaa757de6e..80d0d6d2e7 100644 --- a/exo/28/28.md +++ b/exo/28/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that they may atta # the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "the breastpiece might stay attached to the ephod" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/29.md b/exo/28/29.md index 365ea3eeba..87683bb014 100644 --- a/exo/28/29.md +++ b/exo/28/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the names of the tribes engraved on the twelve stones the breastp # over his heart "over Aaron's heart" or "on his chest" - diff --git a/exo/28/30.md b/exo/28/30.md index c9f1e65a61..b6df2a6247 100644 --- a/exo/28/30.md +++ b/exo/28/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The second phrase appears to refer to the Urim and Thummim and explain their pur # the Urim and the Thummim It not clear what these are. They were objects, possibly stones, that the priest used to determine somehow the will of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/31.md b/exo/28/31.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/28/31.md +++ b/exo/28/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/28/32.md b/exo/28/32.md index 547f96c2ad..58521fbe63 100644 --- a/exo/28/32.md +++ b/exo/28/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as a command. Alternate translation: "A weaver must make this # a weaver "a person who weaves" or "a person who creates cloth using thread" - diff --git a/exo/28/33.md b/exo/28/33.md index 3a12029506..5f5dee3979 100644 --- a/exo/28/33.md +++ b/exo/28/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people do. # pomegranates A pomegranate is a round fruit with a red outer skin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/34.md b/exo/28/34.md index 6a4e1de17c..5e5a823fb3 100644 --- a/exo/28/34.md +++ b/exo/28/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a golden bell and a pomegranate This phrase is repeated to show the pattern of the design on the robe. - diff --git a/exo/28/35.md b/exo/28/35.md index 5a18b8dbf6..c611cdde29 100644 --- a/exo/28/35.md +++ b/exo/28/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that the bells mak # This is so that he does not die It is implied that he would die because he did not obey Yahweh. This can be stated. Alternate translation: "As a result, he will not die because of disobeying my instructions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/36.md b/exo/28/36.md index 78fffaf66e..a35be5d6c2 100644 --- a/exo/28/36.md +++ b/exo/28/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # engrave on it, like the engraving on a signet "write on it in the same way a person engraves on a seal." See how you translated similar words in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md) - diff --git a/exo/28/37.md b/exo/28/37.md index a73ff662d9..a5708ca536 100644 --- a/exo/28/37.md +++ b/exo/28/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turban This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md). - diff --git a/exo/28/38.md b/exo/28/38.md index 74d5dce77b..f4054641bf 100644 --- a/exo/28/38.md +++ b/exo/28/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Aaron must wear it on # The turban must be always on his forehead This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Aaron must always wear the turban on his forehead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/39.md b/exo/28/39.md index b48e76c485..1815698249 100644 --- a/exo/28/39.md +++ b/exo/28/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that a person wears around his waist or ac # the work of an embroiderer An embroiderer is a person who sews designs into cloth. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md). - diff --git a/exo/28/40.md b/exo/28/40.md index 4176f01617..c10ec8a490 100644 --- a/exo/28/40.md +++ b/exo/28/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that a person wears around his waist or ac # headbands A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes. - diff --git a/exo/28/41.md b/exo/28/41.md index 09066d7d62..c126e7aaef 100644 --- a/exo/28/41.md +++ b/exo/28/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must clothe Aaron your brother Aaron was the older brother of Moses. You can state this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "Put these clothes on your older brother Aaron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/28/43.md b/exo/28/43.md index cfb8dca05f..bcdba0e831 100644 --- a/exo/28/43.md +++ b/exo/28/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus # a permanent law "a law the will not end" - diff --git a/exo/28/intro.md b/exo/28/intro.md index 4cdcbe962d..998bf3bda0 100644 --- a/exo/28/intro.md +++ b/exo/28/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 28 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Holy garments -#### Holy garments Because Yahweh is holy, only the priests could approach him, and when they did they must be wearing specially made clothing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Because Yahweh is holy, only the priests could approach him, and when they did t * __[Exodus 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/29/01.md b/exo/29/01.md index b3bd5f1225..85923b3076 100644 --- a/exo/29/01.md +++ b/exo/29/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "me" refers to Yahweh. # one young bull a male cow - diff --git a/exo/29/02.md b/exo/29/02.md index fd4ecfcd04..deea5204e2 100644 --- a/exo/29/02.md +++ b/exo/29/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Also take wafers with # bread ... cakes ... wafers These are different kinds of food made from flour. - diff --git a/exo/29/03.md b/exo/29/03.md index 1294bf07f2..b2b0cbedcc 100644 --- a/exo/29/03.md +++ b/exo/29/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to Moses # present them with the bull and the two rams Here "present" means to offer as a sacrifice. The full meaning of this can be translated clearly. Alternate translation: "offer them to me when you sacrifice the bull and the two rams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/04.md b/exo/29/04.md index b9c39defd2..169edf8ad5 100644 --- a/exo/29/04.md +++ b/exo/29/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tent of meeting This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/05.md b/exo/29/05.md index ac328971b4..0ead0c4180 100644 --- a/exo/29/05.md +++ b/exo/29/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a coat with a design woven into it. See how you translated this in [Exo # finely-woven waistband This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/06.md b/exo/29/06.md index 2295e3e8a1..54aae8041c 100644 --- a/exo/29/06.md +++ b/exo/29/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several ti # holy crown This crown is described in [Exodus 29:6](../29/06.md) as being engraved with the words "dedicated to Yahweh" and made of pure gold. - diff --git a/exo/29/07.md b/exo/29/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/29/07.md +++ b/exo/29/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/29/08.md b/exo/29/08.md index 542d3d56eb..1fe9bf2aa4 100644 --- a/exo/29/08.md +++ b/exo/29/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # tunics These were coats with a design woven into them. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/09.md b/exo/29/09.md index 21a92673aa..9a90ef86ca 100644 --- a/exo/29/09.md +++ b/exo/29/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The duty of being priests will also belong to the descendants of Aaron's sons. Y # permanent law "a law the will not end." See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:43](../28/43.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/10.md b/exo/29/10.md index a66d38e996..1267546811 100644 --- a/exo/29/10.md +++ b/exo/29/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # tent of meeting This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/11.md b/exo/29/11.md index 0e5c86d76a..26c6f51ce5 100644 --- a/exo/29/11.md +++ b/exo/29/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The bull offering was to be killed by Moses, not the priests, at the doorway, no # kill the bull Since the following verses will tell what to do with the blood from the bull, use a term for "kill" that will imply a method similar to "slitting its throat and catch the blood in a bowl." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/12.md b/exo/29/12.md index aed3eb3391..0d17005e13 100644 --- a/exo/29/12.md +++ b/exo/29/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of # the rest of the blood "the remaining blood" - diff --git a/exo/29/13.md b/exo/29/13.md index 37baf6171c..c1192829a3 100644 --- a/exo/29/13.md +++ b/exo/29/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # liver ... kidneys These are organs in the body. - diff --git a/exo/29/14.md b/exo/29/14.md index 3ee2643a51..f7f4e06970 100644 --- a/exo/29/14.md +++ b/exo/29/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But as for the bull's flesh, as well as its skin and dung "But as for the remaining parts of the bull" - diff --git a/exo/29/15.md b/exo/29/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/29/15.md +++ b/exo/29/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/29/16.md b/exo/29/16.md index 259c0e2c7b..d3abea6e79 100644 --- a/exo/29/16.md +++ b/exo/29/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must kill the ram For these consecration sacrifices for the priests, it was Moses, not Aaron or his sons, who had to kill the animals. - diff --git a/exo/29/17.md b/exo/29/17.md index 97ba323ede..7becf4f217 100644 --- a/exo/29/17.md +++ b/exo/29/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the inner parts "the organs." See how you translated this in [Exodus 29:13](../29/13.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/18.md b/exo/29/18.md index aec5fb3ae9..0a18f74dae 100644 --- a/exo/29/18.md +++ b/exo/29/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the altar Unlike the bull offering that was burned outside of the tent, the ram was to be burned on the inner altar. - diff --git a/exo/29/19.md b/exo/29/19.md index a56dd6fcac..5f6f3a0ade 100644 --- a/exo/29/19.md +++ b/exo/29/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. - diff --git a/exo/29/20.md b/exo/29/20.md index a32fc673d3..19c88e58d8 100644 --- a/exo/29/20.md +++ b/exo/29/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then you must kill the ram The ram was killed by cutting its throat. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "Then kill the ram by slitting its throat" or "Then kill the ram by cutting its throat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/21.md b/exo/29/21.md index ec6c31e0f0..e4220ebd17 100644 --- a/exo/29/21.md +++ b/exo/29/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # Aaron will then be set apart for me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "By doing this, you will dedicate Aaron to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/22.md b/exo/29/22.md index 4da0efbfe1..7f95c03616 100644 --- a/exo/29/22.md +++ b/exo/29/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # inner parts ... liver ... kidney These refer to organs inside the body. See how you translated this in [Exodus 29:13](../29/13.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/23.md b/exo/29/23.md index aa13822f0d..7ad57a17fd 100644 --- a/exo/29/23.md +++ b/exo/29/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ For 29:23 see how you translated similar words in [Exodus 29:2](../29/02.md). # that is before Yahweh "that you have placed before Yahweh" - diff --git a/exo/29/24.md b/exo/29/24.md index c445145b27..14e48bc84b 100644 --- a/exo/29/24.md +++ b/exo/29/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues speaking to Moses. # You must put these Here "these" refers to the parts of the sacrifice mentioned in the previous verses. - diff --git a/exo/29/25.md b/exo/29/25.md index 2838da7fad..f4d66f26ac 100644 --- a/exo/29/25.md +++ b/exo/29/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it will be an offering made to me by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "burn it as an offering to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/26.md b/exo/29/26.md index 07aa515d08..e4efedfec4 100644 --- a/exo/29/26.md +++ b/exo/29/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # Aaron's ram of dedication "the ram that you used to dedicate Aaron" - diff --git a/exo/29/27.md b/exo/29/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/29/27.md +++ b/exo/29/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/29/28.md b/exo/29/28.md index a69db58e59..f6677ed72f 100644 --- a/exo/29/28.md +++ b/exo/29/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This will be a perpetual share for Aaron and his sons "This is what Aaron and his sons will always receive from the people" - diff --git a/exo/29/29.md b/exo/29/29.md index 7624186d59..4e29fa4b86 100644 --- a/exo/29/29.md +++ b/exo/29/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These garments belong to the priesthood and are not just Aaron's personal clothi # They are to be anointed in them and ordained to me in them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They must wear the holy garments when you anoint his descendants and ordain them to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/30.md b/exo/29/30.md index b9c39defd2..169edf8ad5 100644 --- a/exo/29/30.md +++ b/exo/29/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tent of meeting This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/31.md b/exo/29/31.md index 3e551788c2..57dc53078e 100644 --- a/exo/29/31.md +++ b/exo/29/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # in a holy place This is not the same as the holy place outside of the most holy place. This refers to a place within the courtyard. Alternate translation: "at the entrance to the tent of meeting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/32.md b/exo/29/32.md index b9c39defd2..169edf8ad5 100644 --- a/exo/29/32.md +++ b/exo/29/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tent of meeting This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/33.md b/exo/29/33.md index 62e8b00871..93e2960fc2 100644 --- a/exo/29/33.md +++ b/exo/29/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that were given This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you sacrificed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/34.md b/exo/29/34.md index 17fa3596ec..27512bfc84 100644 --- a/exo/29/34.md +++ b/exo/29/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one must eat it" ( # because it has been set apart to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because you have set it apart to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/35.md b/exo/29/35.md index 2fe96df369..935432bab7 100644 --- a/exo/29/35.md +++ b/exo/29/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # In this way, by following all that I have commanded you to do, you must treat Aaron and his sons "I have commanded you to treat Aaron and his sons this way" - diff --git a/exo/29/36.md b/exo/29/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/29/36.md +++ b/exo/29/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/29/37.md b/exo/29/37.md index 48820e1f5c..b355accb77 100644 --- a/exo/29/37.md +++ b/exo/29/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will be set apart to Yahweh "will also be very holy" - diff --git a/exo/29/38.md b/exo/29/38.md index 2f2078895a..f25da18e65 100644 --- a/exo/29/38.md +++ b/exo/29/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # You must regularly offer on the altar every day "You must daily offer on the altar" - diff --git a/exo/29/39.md b/exo/29/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/29/39.md +++ b/exo/29/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/29/40.md b/exo/29/40.md index 94d55227ec..d3136a71f9 100644 --- a/exo/29/40.md +++ b/exo/29/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ An ephah is 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) # hin A hin is 3.7 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/41.md b/exo/29/41.md index 32c7136934..6918b423ac 100644 --- a/exo/29/41.md +++ b/exo/29/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # it will be an offering made to me by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will be a burnt offering to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/42.md b/exo/29/42.md index 80bc0d42f9..07b47c530d 100644 --- a/exo/29/42.md +++ b/exo/29/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # tent of meeting This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md). - diff --git a/exo/29/43.md b/exo/29/43.md index 58c9f772a0..6da77836d7 100644 --- a/exo/29/43.md +++ b/exo/29/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # the tent will be set apart for me by my glory This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My awesome presence will dedicate the tent to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/29/44.md b/exo/29/44.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/29/44.md +++ b/exo/29/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/29/45.md b/exo/29/45.md index a56dd6fcac..5f6f3a0ade 100644 --- a/exo/29/45.md +++ b/exo/29/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. - diff --git a/exo/29/46.md b/exo/29/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/29/46.md +++ b/exo/29/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/29/intro.md b/exo/29/intro.md index 04cdb5e0cf..60f23b2ca0 100644 --- a/exo/29/intro.md +++ b/exo/29/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Exodus 29 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Consecrating priests -#### Consecrating priests This chapter records the process of consecrating priests. The priests were to be set apart from the rest of Israel because Yahweh is holy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "I will live among the Israelites" -As God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. This phrase indicates that he permanently remains within Israel in a special way while they have the ark. +### "I will live among the Israelites" + +As God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. This phrase indicates that he permanently remains within Israel in a special way while they have the ark. ## Links: * __[Exodus 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/30/01.md b/exo/30/01.md index 77492f68c0..0de8cb26be 100644 --- a/exo/30/01.md +++ b/exo/30/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh tells Moses how to build the worship equipment. # You must make Here "you" refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/02.md b/exo/30/02.md index c62a175087..348d2b8ad4 100644 --- a/exo/30/02.md +++ b/exo/30/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Its horns must be made These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated "horns" in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md). Alternate translation: "You must make its horns" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/03.md b/exo/30/03.md index 814b33d2ca..edc1b237aa 100644 --- a/exo/30/03.md +++ b/exo/30/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # the incense altar "an altar to burn incense" - diff --git a/exo/30/04.md b/exo/30/04.md index a2508d1d3e..3a94f949ea 100644 --- a/exo/30/04.md +++ b/exo/30/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be attached to it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which you will attach to the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/05.md b/exo/30/05.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/30/05.md +++ b/exo/30/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/30/06.md b/exo/30/06.md index 950dc49210..fff0e5ca3a 100644 --- a/exo/30/06.md +++ b/exo/30/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was mad # where I will meet with you Here "you" refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/07.md b/exo/30/07.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/exo/30/07.md +++ b/exo/30/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/30/08.md b/exo/30/08.md index af1a8b8355..c1c1eec34f 100644 --- a/exo/30/08.md +++ b/exo/30/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # throughout your generations "through all the generations of your descendants." See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md). - diff --git a/exo/30/09.md b/exo/30/09.md index 147d9c9a13..1fb9b2a207 100644 --- a/exo/30/09.md +++ b/exo/30/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But you must offer Though the word "you" is addressed to Moses, the instruction is given specifically to Aaron and his descendants as to when and what they are to offer on the altar of incense. - diff --git a/exo/30/10.md b/exo/30/10.md index b1bcc13465..b73faf4a1e 100644 --- a/exo/30/10.md +++ b/exo/30/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of # throughout your generations "through all the generations of your descendants." See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md). - diff --git a/exo/30/11.md b/exo/30/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/30/11.md +++ b/exo/30/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/30/12.md b/exo/30/12.md index 8f897f6566..d6478a95bb 100644 --- a/exo/30/12.md +++ b/exo/30/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "you" refers to just Moses or 2) "you" refers to Moses # a census of the people of Israel The leaders only counted the males of Israel. - diff --git a/exo/30/13.md b/exo/30/13.md index 8b2908cb39..c04046b796 100644 --- a/exo/30/13.md +++ b/exo/30/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified # twenty gerahs "20 gerahs." A gerah is a unit that people used for measuring how much something very small weighed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/14.md b/exo/30/14.md index 6ddc6ce6db..b3d5189e7b 100644 --- a/exo/30/14.md +++ b/exo/30/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from twenty years old and up Larger numbers are spoken of as being up or above smaller numbers. Alternate translation: "from twenty years old and more" or "who is twenty years old or older" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/15.md b/exo/30/15.md index c7cc916be6..69986820e3 100644 --- a/exo/30/15.md +++ b/exo/30/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Only the men made this offering. # the half shekel Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: "the 5.5 grams of silver" or "the 6 grams of silver." See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:13](../03/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/16.md b/exo/30/16.md index b747169451..099f87ae12 100644 --- a/exo/30/16.md +++ b/exo/30/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It must be a reminder to the people of Israel before me, to make atonement for your lives Possible meanings are 1) "It will remind the people of Israel to make atonement for their lives" or 2) "It will remind the people of Israel that they have made atonement for their lives." - diff --git a/exo/30/17.md b/exo/30/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/30/17.md +++ b/exo/30/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/30/18.md b/exo/30/18.md index 002298a5f0..304bce5f9e 100644 --- a/exo/30/18.md +++ b/exo/30/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase explains what the priests were to use the large bronze basin for. # the altar the altar of sacrifice - diff --git a/exo/30/19.md b/exo/30/19.md index 17c2f6b05a..7c8fed10a0 100644 --- a/exo/30/19.md +++ b/exo/30/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # water in it "water in the basin" - diff --git a/exo/30/20.md b/exo/30/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/30/20.md +++ b/exo/30/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/30/21.md b/exo/30/21.md index 05e037e5a6..2df2beeb37 100644 --- a/exo/30/21.md +++ b/exo/30/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for Aaron and his descendants throughout their people's generations "for Aaron and all the generations of his descendants." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md). - diff --git a/exo/30/22.md b/exo/30/22.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/exo/30/22.md +++ b/exo/30/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/30/23.md b/exo/30/23.md index bb64a77431..7f735999eb 100644 --- a/exo/30/23.md +++ b/exo/30/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a # cinnamon ... cane These are sweet spices. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/24.md b/exo/30/24.md index 43fb71c758..a11051323c 100644 --- a/exo/30/24.md +++ b/exo/30/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified # one hin Translators may use units that people know and round numbers: "3.7 liters" or "four liters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/25.md b/exo/30/25.md index 10f7db90d0..b1303b3485 100644 --- a/exo/30/25.md +++ b/exo/30/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or 2) Moses wa # a perfumer a person who is skilled in mixing spices and oils - diff --git a/exo/30/26.md b/exo/30/26.md index 26f1870729..72323d80ee 100644 --- a/exo/30/26.md +++ b/exo/30/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # ark of the covenant decrees The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: "the chest containing the commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/27.md b/exo/30/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/30/27.md +++ b/exo/30/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/30/28.md b/exo/30/28.md index 66287483d0..e289b512ed 100644 --- a/exo/30/28.md +++ b/exo/30/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the altar for burnt offerings "the altar on which offering were burnt" - diff --git a/exo/30/29.md b/exo/30/29.md index b832fec180..7bbb60b53e 100644 --- a/exo/30/29.md +++ b/exo/30/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # set them apart This refers to the items listed in [Exodus 30:26-28](./26.md). - diff --git a/exo/30/30.md b/exo/30/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/30/30.md +++ b/exo/30/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/30/31.md b/exo/30/31.md index f11ccb401b..e005695bfe 100644 --- a/exo/30/31.md +++ b/exo/30/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # throughout your people's generations "all the generations of your descendants." See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md). - diff --git a/exo/30/32.md b/exo/30/32.md index 2560150857..aa7e83222b 100644 --- a/exo/30/32.md +++ b/exo/30/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must not put the # with the same formula "with the same ingredients" or "with the same items" - diff --git a/exo/30/33.md b/exo/30/33.md index 73221797d3..3846be1183 100644 --- a/exo/30/33.md +++ b/exo/30/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that person must be cut off from his people The metaphor "cut off" has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) "I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel" 2) "the people of Israel must send him away" or 3) "the people of Israel must kill him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/34.md b/exo/30/34.md index 1c4d90cd8d..35ab286d85 100644 --- a/exo/30/34.md +++ b/exo/30/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what to do. Yahweh gives the commands only to Moses: all instances of "you" are singular. However, the words "blended by a perfumer" might mean that Moses could have the perfumer take the spices, blend them, grind them, and give them to Moses so Moses could put part of the mixture in front of the ark, as in UDB. - diff --git a/exo/30/35.md b/exo/30/35.md index 0ef6696cd2..c783063fd5 100644 --- a/exo/30/35.md +++ b/exo/30/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase with "blended" can be translated in active form. Alternate translatio # blended by a perfumer Possible meanings are 1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or 2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it. See how you translated these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md). - diff --git a/exo/30/36.md b/exo/30/36.md index 418981b99c..24d2f18076 100644 --- a/exo/30/36.md +++ b/exo/30/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # You will regard Here "you" is plural and refers to Moses and all the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/37.md b/exo/30/37.md index a775dc528e..42387315f7 100644 --- a/exo/30/37.md +++ b/exo/30/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "you" here refers to the people of Israel. # It must be most holy to you "You must consider it to be most holy" - diff --git a/exo/30/38.md b/exo/30/38.md index 6a16c5895b..21964c4387 100644 --- a/exo/30/38.md +++ b/exo/30/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a pleasant smelling liquid that a person puts on his or her body. # must be cut off from his people The metaphor "cut off" has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) "I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel" 2) "the people of Israel must send him away" or 3) "the people of Israel must kill him." See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:33](../30/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/30/intro.md b/exo/30/intro.md index c8cf48f142..7619cd36e5 100644 --- a/exo/30/intro.md +++ b/exo/30/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 30 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Atonement -#### Atonement The atonement offered by the priests was very important in the religious life of Israel. In order to offer sacrifices, the priests had to maintain ritual cleanliness by washing themselves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The atonement offered by the priests was very important in the religious life of * __[Exodus 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/31/01.md b/exo/31/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/31/01.md +++ b/exo/31/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/31/02.md b/exo/31/02.md index f393236bc0..ee303dbeb5 100644 --- a/exo/31/02.md +++ b/exo/31/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks of choosing specific people as calling them by name. Alternate transl # Bezalel ... Uri ... Hur These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/31/03.md b/exo/31/03.md index 85da89af8b..9bbaba8635 100644 --- a/exo/31/03.md +++ b/exo/31/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of giving Bezalel his Spirit as if Bezalel were a container and Go # for all kinds of craftsmanship The abstract noun "craftsmanship" can be translated as "making crafts" or "making things." Alternate translation: "for making all kinds of crafts" or "so that he can make all kinds of things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/exo/31/04.md b/exo/31/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/31/04.md +++ b/exo/31/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/31/05.md b/exo/31/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/31/05.md +++ b/exo/31/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/31/06.md b/exo/31/06.md index 5652192f3a..208b2c97c7 100644 --- a/exo/31/06.md +++ b/exo/31/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # I have put skill into the hearts of all who are wise God speaks of making people able to make things as if he were putting the ability into their hearts. Alternate translation: "I have given skill to all who are wise" or "I have made all who are wise able to make things well" - diff --git a/exo/31/07.md b/exo/31/07.md index e121a4baf1..32f6cee07d 100644 --- a/exo/31/07.md +++ b/exo/31/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly # atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md). - diff --git a/exo/31/08.md b/exo/31/08.md index 52093c2408..5c03487c31 100644 --- a/exo/31/08.md +++ b/exo/31/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # incense altar "altar to burn incense." See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:3](../30/03.md). - diff --git a/exo/31/09.md b/exo/31/09.md index b2f60e576d..34af7ba9fe 100644 --- a/exo/31/09.md +++ b/exo/31/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # altar for burnt offerings "altar on which offering were burnt." See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:28](../30/28.md). - diff --git a/exo/31/10.md b/exo/31/10.md index a56dd6fcac..5f6f3a0ade 100644 --- a/exo/31/10.md +++ b/exo/31/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. - diff --git a/exo/31/11.md b/exo/31/11.md index 5329826577..8f6178a6ef 100644 --- a/exo/31/11.md +++ b/exo/31/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These craftsmen "These people who are skilled in making beautiful things" - diff --git a/exo/31/12.md b/exo/31/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/31/12.md +++ b/exo/31/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/31/13.md b/exo/31/13.md index 6c7695de51..21127b149e 100644 --- a/exo/31/13.md +++ b/exo/31/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of obeying his instructions about the Sabbath as keeping the Sabbath. # who sets you apart for himself God speaks of choosing people to be his as setting them apart for himself. Alternate translation: "who has chosen you to be his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/31/14.md b/exo/31/14.md index 4c06fe174d..a14243fd79 100644 --- a/exo/31/14.md +++ b/exo/31/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God speaks of treating the Sabbath with disrespect as defiling it. Alternate tra # must surely be cut off from his people The metaphor "cut off" has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) "Yahweh will no longer consider him to be one of his people" 2) "you must surely send him away" or 3) "you must surely kill him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/31/15.md b/exo/31/15.md index f6857a56ea..ec5ad582ab 100644 --- a/exo/31/15.md +++ b/exo/31/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but the seventh day "but day 7" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/31/16.md b/exo/31/16.md index ff2f7bedbd..3bd7d6a92d 100644 --- a/exo/31/16.md +++ b/exo/31/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God speaks of obeying his instructions about the Sabbath as keeping the Sabbath. # lasting covenant "a covenant that will always exist." See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:43](../28/43.md). - diff --git a/exo/31/17.md b/exo/31/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/31/17.md +++ b/exo/31/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/31/18.md b/exo/31/18.md index be859ca536..3abcc33858 100644 --- a/exo/31/18.md +++ b/exo/31/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # written on by his own hand This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: "which Yahweh wrote on with his own hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/31/intro.md b/exo/31/intro.md index f2797b66fb..208db5b5d0 100644 --- a/exo/31/intro.md +++ b/exo/31/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Exodus 31 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is the end of Exodus' recording of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) +This chapter is the end of Exodus' recording of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sabbath -#### Sabbath As described in this chapter, the Sabbath is more than just a day of worship or celebration. Its significance extends beyond a way to help people rest. It is a major part of the identity of the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ As described in this chapter, the Sabbath is more than just a day of worship or * __[Exodus 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/32/01.md b/exo/32/01.md index c5ba2c67ae..a13813d9cf 100644 --- a/exo/32/01.md +++ b/exo/32/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "come" strengthens the force of the command following it. The people we # go before us "lead us" or "be our leader" - diff --git a/exo/32/02.md b/exo/32/02.md index b9eb871a92..fb6c0d1c4d 100644 --- a/exo/32/02.md +++ b/exo/32/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bring them to me The word "them" refers to the golden rings. - diff --git a/exo/32/03.md b/exo/32/03.md index a1c0446057..096307db15 100644 --- a/exo/32/03.md +++ b/exo/32/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the people This refers to all the people who rejected Moses as their leader and Moses's God as their God. - diff --git a/exo/32/04.md b/exo/32/04.md index 7f6df8db54..f45d8886e8 100644 --- a/exo/32/04.md +++ b/exo/32/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fashioned it with an engraving tool, and he made a cast metal figure in the shape of a calf Aaron melted the gold and poured it into a mold that had the shape of a calf. When the gold became hard, he removed the mold, and the hardened gold had the shape of a calf. - diff --git a/exo/32/05.md b/exo/32/05.md index d143e3d14f..673d5337c8 100644 --- a/exo/32/05.md +++ b/exo/32/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When Aaron saw this You may need to make explicit what he saw. "When Aaron saw what the people did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/06.md b/exo/32/06.md index 785814d11f..c286f13ce8 100644 --- a/exo/32/06.md +++ b/exo/32/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to play The word "play" here is a general term that might be a euphemism for immoral sexual activity, but it could just as well speak of singing and dancing or even of laughing at and mocking Moses and Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/07.md b/exo/32/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/32/07.md +++ b/exo/32/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/32/08.md b/exo/32/08.md index b002ef34e7..ef1d219c11 100644 --- a/exo/32/08.md +++ b/exo/32/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # left the way that I commanded them Here God speaks of the people disobeying what he commanded them as if he had told them to walk on a certain road and they left that road. Alternate translation: "stopped doing what I commanded them to do" or "have stopped obeying what I commanded them to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/09.md b/exo/32/09.md index 8417258d3b..23cff57658 100644 --- a/exo/32/09.md +++ b/exo/32/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Yahweh compares knowing the people to seeing them. Alternate translation: " # a stiff-necked people Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had stiff necks. Alternate translation: "a stubborn people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/10.md b/exo/32/10.md index 4e6dab16a8..adcadd3b92 100644 --- a/exo/32/10.md +++ b/exo/32/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could burn hot. Alternate t # from you The word "you" refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/11.md b/exo/32/11.md index 0548a97341..063f5df3b4 100644 --- a/exo/32/11.md +++ b/exo/32/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[ # a mighty hand Here the word "hand" refers to the things Yahweh did. Alternate translation: "and the powerful things you did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/12.md b/exo/32/12.md index 0a8f66af32..419f15a070 100644 --- a/exo/32/12.md +++ b/exo/32/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses used this question to try to persuade God not to destroy his people. This # your burning anger Moses speaks of God's anger as if it were a fire that was burning. Alternate translation: "your terrible anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/13.md b/exo/32/13.md index 6266b21181..ebaff5d4eb 100644 --- a/exo/32/13.md +++ b/exo/32/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # They will inherit it forever God speaks about them possessing the land as if they would inherit it. Alternate translation: "They will possess it forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/14.md b/exo/32/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/32/14.md +++ b/exo/32/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/32/15.md b/exo/32/15.md index 720474c6c7..84696fda1a 100644 --- a/exo/32/15.md +++ b/exo/32/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tablets of the covenant decrees These are the two stone slabs on which God had engraved his commandments. - diff --git a/exo/32/16.md b/exo/32/16.md index 569c6b2395..728b7bc4f3 100644 --- a/exo/32/16.md +++ b/exo/32/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The tablets were God's own work, and the writing was God's own writing These two phrases share similar meanings. The second explains how the tablets were "God's own work." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/17.md b/exo/32/17.md index ee40dc51a5..e72757f0ed 100644 --- a/exo/32/17.md +++ b/exo/32/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he said to Moses It is assumed that Joshua met Moses while Moses was going back to the camp. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/18.md b/exo/32/18.md index bca8c7f040..8798b95e08 100644 --- a/exo/32/18.md +++ b/exo/32/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "victory" and "defeat" can be expressed as verbs. Alternate t # shout ... cry These words translate the same Hebrew word, which fits well with both "victory" and "defeat." There is no such word in English, but if your language has such a word, you may want to use it here. - diff --git a/exo/32/19.md b/exo/32/19.md index 80d39dbc09..100227bf29 100644 --- a/exo/32/19.md +++ b/exo/32/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the tablets "the two stone slabs that Yahweh had written on" - diff --git a/exo/32/20.md b/exo/32/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/32/20.md +++ b/exo/32/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/32/21.md b/exo/32/21.md index f0f154d475..ac2bcaabdb 100644 --- a/exo/32/21.md +++ b/exo/32/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "Then Moses aske # you have brought such a great sin on them Moses spoke of causing people to sin as if sin were an object and Aaron put it on them. Alternate translation: "you have caused them to sin so terribly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/22.md b/exo/32/22.md index e0bb66e9a7..f8aead50e9 100644 --- a/exo/32/22.md +++ b/exo/32/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Aaron spoke of Moses's anger as if it were a fire that could burn. "Do not be so # they are set on doing evil Being determined to do evil is spoken of as being set on evil. Alternate translation: "they are determined to do what is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/23.md b/exo/32/23.md index 3658d6e1b5..ad848fad1c 100644 --- a/exo/32/23.md +++ b/exo/32/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this Moses People showed disrespect by putting the word "this" before his name, as if Moses were someone they did not know and could not trust. - diff --git a/exo/32/24.md b/exo/32/24.md index 91cae62bf7..9357a9576e 100644 --- a/exo/32/24.md +++ b/exo/32/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "So I told them # I threw it into the fire, and out came this calf Instead of taking ownership for making the calf, Aaron claims the calf came out of the fire supernaturally. - diff --git a/exo/32/25.md b/exo/32/25.md index fefc3b9ab3..ce07d01bcb 100644 --- a/exo/32/25.md +++ b/exo/32/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were running wild "were behaving wildly" or "were not controlling themselves" - diff --git a/exo/32/26.md b/exo/32/26.md index 6e0ecc35ba..557a090177 100644 --- a/exo/32/26.md +++ b/exo/32/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "Then Moses stoo # Whoever is on Yahweh's side Moses speaks of being loyal to Yahweh as being on Yahweh's side. Alternate translation: "Whoever is loyal to Yahweh" or "Whoever serves Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/27.md b/exo/32/27.md index d167c8fe32..20497804bb 100644 --- a/exo/32/27.md +++ b/exo/32/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # go back and forth from entrance to entrance "go from side of the camp to the other, starting at one entrance to the camp and going to the entrance on the other side of the camp" - diff --git a/exo/32/28.md b/exo/32/28.md index dc26239c96..9ff510d4b6 100644 --- a/exo/32/28.md +++ b/exo/32/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # three thousand of the people "3000 of the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/29.md b/exo/32/29.md index ba4a0e9d48..47ce7c7870 100644 --- a/exo/32/29.md +++ b/exo/32/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This probably means "You have been chosen to serve Yahweh" or "You have become Y # for each of you has taken action against his son and his brother The fact that they did this in obedience to God can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "for you have obeyed Yahweh and killed your sons and your brothers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/30.md b/exo/32/30.md index 36a16e5fb5..4194da9f26 100644 --- a/exo/32/30.md +++ b/exo/32/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They worshiped an idol. # Perhaps I can make atonement for your sin Moses spoke of persuading God to forgive the people as if he could make atonement for their sin. Alternate translation: "Perhaps I can persuade Yahweh to forgive you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/31.md b/exo/32/31.md index 66aedbcce7..f70092d79a 100644 --- a/exo/32/31.md +++ b/exo/32/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Alas Moses is saying that he is very sad. If your language has a word that expresses deep sadness, you may want to use it here. - diff --git a/exo/32/32.md b/exo/32/32.md index bc9b61967e..b2a8b4f15d 100644 --- a/exo/32/32.md +++ b/exo/32/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "me" here refers to the name of Moses. Alternate translation: "erase my # the book that you have written What God had written in the book can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the book in which you have written the names of your people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/32/33.md b/exo/32/33.md index 258700f8cb..9f0330e773 100644 --- a/exo/32/33.md +++ b/exo/32/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "that person" represents "that person's name." Alternate translation: # my book This refers to the book of Yahweh that Moses spoke of in [Exodus 32:32](../32/32.md). - diff --git a/exo/32/34.md b/exo/32/34.md index 3bc38d09fa..ab931da4a8 100644 --- a/exo/32/34.md +++ b/exo/32/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But on the day that I punish them, I will punish them On the day that God decides to punish them, it will be clear that it is God who is judging them. - diff --git a/exo/32/35.md b/exo/32/35.md index 5417adaf27..b238af948d 100644 --- a/exo/32/35.md +++ b/exo/32/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This plague may have been a serious illness. Alternate translation: "Yahweh made # they had made the calf, the one that Aaron made Even though Aaron made the calf, the people were also guilty because they told Aaron to do it. Alternate translation: "they told Aaron to make the calf" - diff --git a/exo/32/intro.md b/exo/32/intro.md index 4bca7596b3..2904774c1c 100644 --- a/exo/32/intro.md +++ b/exo/32/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Exodus 32 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The events of this chapter occur while Moses spoke with God and therefore happen at the same time as the events in chapters 20-31. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 32:18. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Idolatry -#### Idolatry The making of the golden calf was considered a form of idolatry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ The making of the golden calf was considered a form of idolatry. (See: [[rc://en * __[Exodus 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/33/01.md b/exo/33/01.md index 8bb8e9da67..3f5aac69c9 100644 --- a/exo/33/01.md +++ b/exo/33/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses of his anger. - diff --git a/exo/33/02.md b/exo/33/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/33/02.md +++ b/exo/33/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/33/03.md b/exo/33/03.md index 52141b0034..30220e65ff 100644 --- a/exo/33/03.md +++ b/exo/33/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate # a stiff-necked people Stubborn people are spoken of as if they have stiff or hard necks that prevent them from turning their heads. Alternate translation: "stubborn people" or "people who refuse to change" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/33/04.md b/exo/33/04.md index f3ef75084e..bc870b11c1 100644 --- a/exo/33/04.md +++ b/exo/33/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # jewelry beautiful clothing as well as chains and rings with jewels in them - diff --git a/exo/33/05.md b/exo/33/05.md index 8dba37ab64..f3c21a26e3 100644 --- a/exo/33/05.md +++ b/exo/33/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a stiff-necked people Stubborn people are spoken of as if they have stiff or hard necks that prevent them from turning their heads. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:3](../33/03.md). Alternate translation: "stubborn people" or "people who refuse to change" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/33/06.md b/exo/33/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/33/06.md +++ b/exo/33/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/33/07.md b/exo/33/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/33/07.md +++ b/exo/33/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/33/08.md b/exo/33/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/33/08.md +++ b/exo/33/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/33/09.md b/exo/33/09.md index ddffad4fe7..ac779457f2 100644 --- a/exo/33/09.md +++ b/exo/33/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The cloud had the shape of a pillar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:2 # would come down Where it came down from can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "would come down from the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/33/10.md b/exo/33/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/33/10.md +++ b/exo/33/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/33/11.md b/exo/33/11.md index b7e4f6fd0a..261fddd9e0 100644 --- a/exo/33/11.md +++ b/exo/33/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Speaking directly rather than through dreams and visions, is spoken of as if Mos # young man Joshua was old enough to be a soldier, but he was much younger than Moses - diff --git a/exo/33/12.md b/exo/33/12.md index 39383990da..5422f5686b 100644 --- a/exo/33/12.md +++ b/exo/33/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To know someone by name is to know them well. Alternate translation: "I know you # you have also found favor in my eyes Here "found favor" is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here "eyes" are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing God's evaluation. Alternate translation: "I have evaluated you and approve" or "I am pleased with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/33/13.md b/exo/33/13.md index b1e2af2304..48e57f03b4 100644 --- a/exo/33/13.md +++ b/exo/33/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "found favor" is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased # show me your ways Possible meanings: 1) "show me what you are going to do in the future" or 2) "show me how people can do what pleases you." - diff --git a/exo/33/14.md b/exo/33/14.md index b512147b2b..7eeacbf481 100644 --- a/exo/33/14.md +++ b/exo/33/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" here refers to Moses. It is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # I will give you rest "I will let you rest" - diff --git a/exo/33/15.md b/exo/33/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/33/15.md +++ b/exo/33/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/33/16.md b/exo/33/16.md index 952f1ea364..0ce5ab5120 100644 --- a/exo/33/16.md +++ b/exo/33/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moses used this question in order to emphasize that if God does not go with them # Will it not only be if "Will it not only be known if" - diff --git a/exo/33/17.md b/exo/33/17.md index 07ab969fcd..377ffe7134 100644 --- a/exo/33/17.md +++ b/exo/33/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "found favor" is an idiom that means that God is pleased with Moses. Here " # I know you by name To know someone by name is to know them well. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: "I know you well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/exo/33/18.md b/exo/33/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/33/18.md +++ b/exo/33/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/33/19.md b/exo/33/19.md index 043033c143..5b7e55898d 100644 --- a/exo/33/19.md +++ b/exo/33/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will make all my goodness pass before you God speaks of walking past Moses so that Moses can see his goodness as if only his goodness would go past Moses. Alternate translation: "I will move past you so that you may see my goodness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/33/20.md b/exo/33/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/33/20.md +++ b/exo/33/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/33/21.md b/exo/33/21.md index 63f36a1863..310450056a 100644 --- a/exo/33/21.md +++ b/exo/33/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you." - diff --git a/exo/33/22.md b/exo/33/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/33/22.md +++ b/exo/33/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/33/23.md b/exo/33/23.md index 14d32fc4e1..3f8411b54c 100644 --- a/exo/33/23.md +++ b/exo/33/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is because Yahweh will be walking away from Moses. # but my face will not be seen This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "but you will not see my face" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/33/intro.md b/exo/33/intro.md index 4f31549909..b7756ec9a2 100644 --- a/exo/33/intro.md +++ b/exo/33/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 33 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Covenant -#### Covenant While the covenants Yahweh made may not be conditioned upon the obedience of Israel, it is clear that their conquering of the Promised Land was conditioned on their obedience to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ While the covenants Yahweh made may not be conditioned upon the obedience of Isr * __[Exodus 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/34/01.md b/exo/34/01.md index 64600f79a3..907b413b20 100644 --- a/exo/34/01.md +++ b/exo/34/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tablets of stone "flat slabs of stone." See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:18](../31/18.md) - diff --git a/exo/34/02.md b/exo/34/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/02.md +++ b/exo/34/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/03.md b/exo/34/03.md index 5e4854878f..6ef37b3cc3 100644 --- a/exo/34/03.md +++ b/exo/34/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being seen doing something represents doing that. Alternate translation: "Do not # No flocks or herds are even to graze in front of the mountain "Even flocks or herds are not allowed to come near the mountain to eat." - diff --git a/exo/34/04.md b/exo/34/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/04.md +++ b/exo/34/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/05.md b/exo/34/05.md index 87e1ee3c86..146945a861 100644 --- a/exo/34/05.md +++ b/exo/34/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he pronounced the name "Yahweh." Possible meanings are 1) "he spoke the name 'Yahweh.'" or 2) "he proclaimed who Yahweh is." For the second meaning, "name" would represent who God is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/06.md b/exo/34/06.md index f50c353815..017b45ae89 100644 --- a/exo/34/06.md +++ b/exo/34/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: "I, Yahweh, am God, and I # abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness The abstract nouns "love" and "faithfulness" can be expressed with the verb "love" and the adjective "faithful." Alternate translation: "always loving my people and always being faithful to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/07.md b/exo/34/07.md index 25f900b339..541f023ab8 100644 --- a/exo/34/07.md +++ b/exo/34/07.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ The abstract noun "love" can be restated with the verb "loving." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 20:6](../20/06.md). Alternate translation: "faithfully loving thousands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) # thousands + "thousands of people." This refers to a great number of people. It may be that "generation" is implied. Alternate translation: "thousands of generations" or "the thousandth generation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # he will by no means clear the guilty @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ Punishing people is spoken of as if punishment were an object that someone could # their children The word "children" refers to sons and daughters. - diff --git a/exo/34/08.md b/exo/34/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/08.md +++ b/exo/34/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/09.md b/exo/34/09.md index 20570ebf11..b96de5bb47 100644 --- a/exo/34/09.md +++ b/exo/34/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Something that someone possesses forever is spoken of as if it were something th # this people is stiff-necked Stubborn people are spoken of as if they have stiff or hard necks that prevent them from turning their heads. Alternate translation: "this people is stubborn" or "this people refuses to change" See how you translated similar words in [Exodus 33:3](../33/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/10.md b/exo/34/10.md index 5d3f415c6c..ac7c8b3160 100644 --- a/exo/34/10.md +++ b/exo/34/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A fearful thing is a thing that causes people to be afraid. In this case, people # I am doing with you Here "you" refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/11.md b/exo/34/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/11.md +++ b/exo/34/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/12.md b/exo/34/12.md index 3d59472ad9..123b086da7 100644 --- a/exo/34/12.md +++ b/exo/34/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. Here he tells him what Moses and the people # they will become a trap among you People who tempt others to sin are spoken of as if they were a trap. Alternate translation: "they will tempt you to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/13.md b/exo/34/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/13.md +++ b/exo/34/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/14.md b/exo/34/14.md index a966b423f9..23498c36cc 100644 --- a/exo/34/14.md +++ b/exo/34/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Jealous" here means that God is concerned to keep his honor. If his pe # whose name is Jealous, The word "name" here represents God's character. Alternate translation: "I, Yahweh, who am always jealous" or "I, Yahweh, am always jealous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/15.md b/exo/34/15.md index 8c3a743a79..bdd2149f5e 100644 --- a/exo/34/15.md +++ b/exo/34/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of people worshiping other gods as if they were prostitutes going to # you will eat some of his sacrifice The consequence of eating food that is sacrificed to another god can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "you will eat some of his sacrifice and become guilty of worshiping his gods" or "and you will prostitute yourself to his god by eating some of his sacrifice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/16.md b/exo/34/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/16.md +++ b/exo/34/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/17.md b/exo/34/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/17.md +++ b/exo/34/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/18.md b/exo/34/18.md index 1367012ed9..c3bc7ac1d5 100644 --- a/exo/34/18.md +++ b/exo/34/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # in the month of Aviv This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated "Aviv" in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/19.md b/exo/34/19.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/exo/34/19.md +++ b/exo/34/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/34/20.md b/exo/34/20.md index 05b69cb14b..fbf443b264 100644 --- a/exo/34/20.md +++ b/exo/34/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Firstborn sons and firstborn donkeys belonged to Yahweh, but Yahweh did not want # No one may appear before me empty-handed God speaks of the offering as if the person was to carry it in his hands. Alternate translation: "No one may come to me without an offering" or "Everyone who comes to me must bring me an offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/21.md b/exo/34/21.md index 1533165e81..26349f5f89 100644 --- a/exo/34/21.md +++ b/exo/34/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # Even at plowing time and in harvest "Even when you are preparing the soil or gathering the crops" - diff --git a/exo/34/22.md b/exo/34/22.md index 7343e18a7a..42b0293520 100644 --- a/exo/34/22.md +++ b/exo/34/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Festival of Ingathering This festival was also known as the Festival of Shelters or the Festival of Booths. The idea came from the practice of the farmers living in temporary booths, or huts, out in the fields to guard the crop as it ripened. The word "Ingathering" means when they harvest their crop. - diff --git a/exo/34/23.md b/exo/34/23.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/exo/34/23.md +++ b/exo/34/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/34/24.md b/exo/34/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/24.md +++ b/exo/34/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/25.md b/exo/34/25.md index be3183ff3b..451f399dd6 100644 --- a/exo/34/25.md +++ b/exo/34/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The fact that the blood is from an animal can be stated clearly. Alternate trans # with any yeast The fact that any yeast would be in bread can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "with bread that has yeast in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/26.md b/exo/34/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/26.md +++ b/exo/34/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/27.md b/exo/34/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/27.md +++ b/exo/34/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/28.md b/exo/34/28.md index 619d13fce6..39c81235ca 100644 --- a/exo/34/28.md +++ b/exo/34/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # He wrote "Moses wrote" - diff --git a/exo/34/29.md b/exo/34/29.md index 0a828bd8ce..eb5e1dcee3 100644 --- a/exo/34/29.md +++ b/exo/34/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had become radiant "had started to shine" - diff --git a/exo/34/30.md b/exo/34/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/30.md +++ b/exo/34/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/31.md b/exo/34/31.md index ed53297def..b1368e46a5 100644 --- a/exo/34/31.md +++ b/exo/34/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # came up to him "approached him" or "went to him." They did not go up the mountain. - diff --git a/exo/34/32.md b/exo/34/32.md index 42ea68f706..d2d3ef38d0 100644 --- a/exo/34/32.md +++ b/exo/34/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the commands that Yahweh had given him Telling commands is spoken of as if the commands were objects that could be given. Alternate translation: "all the commands that Yahweh had told him" or "everything that Yahweh had commanded them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/33.md b/exo/34/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/33.md +++ b/exo/34/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/34.md b/exo/34/34.md index f461f036d3..79af620aeb 100644 --- a/exo/34/34.md +++ b/exo/34/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what he was commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what Yahweh had commanded him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/34/35.md b/exo/34/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/34/35.md +++ b/exo/34/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/34/intro.md b/exo/34/intro.md index fe37c5a07d..39ae8f925b 100644 --- a/exo/34/intro.md +++ b/exo/34/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 34 General Notes -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "He will bring the punishment for the fathers' sin on their children" -#### "He will bring the punishment for the fathers' sin on their children" This phrase does not mean that a child is necessarily punished for the sins of their parents. Many scholars believe that this passage indicates that a parent's sins will have consequences that will affect their children and grandchildren. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ This phrase does not mean that a child is necessarily punished for the sins of t * __[Exodus 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/35/01.md b/exo/35/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/35/01.md +++ b/exo/35/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/35/02.md b/exo/35/02.md index c586d9dadb..04707c64d8 100644 --- a/exo/35/02.md +++ b/exo/35/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Whoever does any work on that day must be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must kill anyone who does work on that day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/35/03.md b/exo/35/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/35/03.md +++ b/exo/35/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/35/04.md b/exo/35/04.md index 00e8bffc36..24a8595888 100644 --- a/exo/35/04.md +++ b/exo/35/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/05.md b/exo/35/05.md index 0829c208a6..c754980d44 100644 --- a/exo/35/05.md +++ b/exo/35/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded # all of you who have a willing heart Here "heart" refers to the person bringing the offering. Alternate translation: "everyone who is willing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/exo/35/06.md b/exo/35/06.md index 00e8bffc36..24a8595888 100644 --- a/exo/35/06.md +++ b/exo/35/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/07.md b/exo/35/07.md index 3a83b0abdf..03067cbb07 100644 --- a/exo/35/07.md +++ b/exo/35/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded # ram skins dyed red and fine leather hides See how you translated similar phrases in [Exodus 25:5](../25/05.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/08.md b/exo/35/08.md index 00e8bffc36..24a8595888 100644 --- a/exo/35/08.md +++ b/exo/35/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/09.md b/exo/35/09.md index 00e8bffc36..24a8595888 100644 --- a/exo/35/09.md +++ b/exo/35/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/10.md b/exo/35/10.md index 780e14d4f4..8e7f6abfeb 100644 --- a/exo/35/10.md +++ b/exo/35/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues telling the people what God commanded them to do. # Every skilled man "Every man with a skill" - diff --git a/exo/35/11.md b/exo/35/11.md index 035fc45a7f..066258e18a 100644 --- a/exo/35/11.md +++ b/exo/35/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you transla # bases These are heavy objects that rest on the ground and keep the object attached to them from moving. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:31](../25/31.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/12.md b/exo/35/12.md index 86eeec02c3..9e02abad7c 100644 --- a/exo/35/12.md +++ b/exo/35/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/13.md b/exo/35/13.md index fa787257d2..5c5f8e185e 100644 --- a/exo/35/13.md +++ b/exo/35/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bread of the presence This bread represented the presence of God. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:30](../25/30.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/14.md b/exo/35/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/35/14.md +++ b/exo/35/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/35/15.md b/exo/35/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/35/15.md +++ b/exo/35/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/35/16.md b/exo/35/16.md index 9f788fdbe0..b71b193846 100644 --- a/exo/35/16.md +++ b/exo/35/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bronze grate This is a frame of crossed bronze bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated "grate" in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/17.md b/exo/35/17.md index 2f15c8d911..22bea90507 100644 --- a/exo/35/17.md +++ b/exo/35/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were strong pieces of wood set upright and used as supports. See how you t # bases These were blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/18.md b/exo/35/18.md index 9f886f56a4..dda19f5057 100644 --- a/exo/35/18.md +++ b/exo/35/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tent pegs sharp pieces of wood or metal used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:19](../27/19.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/19.md b/exo/35/19.md index 18fbf2a647..43f9d728e4 100644 --- a/exo/35/19.md +++ b/exo/35/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # finely-woven garments This was clothing made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/20.md b/exo/35/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/35/20.md +++ b/exo/35/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/35/21.md b/exo/35/21.md index 8420584c74..f365e49861 100644 --- a/exo/35/21.md +++ b/exo/35/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to the person. The heart that responded to God is spoken of # whom his spirit made willing Here "spirit" refers to the person. Alternate translation: "who was willing" or "who wanted to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/exo/35/22.md b/exo/35/22.md index be24c10016..3ea5f960c3 100644 --- a/exo/35/22.md +++ b/exo/35/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to the person. Alternate translation: "everyone who was will # brooches, earrings, rings, and ornaments These are different kinds of jewelry. - diff --git a/exo/35/23.md b/exo/35/23.md index aeb1e460d5..f1c9539b28 100644 --- a/exo/35/23.md +++ b/exo/35/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Everyone who had ... brought them For 35:23 see how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:4-5](../25/04.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/24.md b/exo/35/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/35/24.md +++ b/exo/35/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/35/25.md b/exo/35/25.md index 5182c16f3d..2fe93a764a 100644 --- a/exo/35/25.md +++ b/exo/35/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # blue, purple, or scarlet wool Possible meanings are 1) "material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet," probably wool yarn, or 2) "blue, purple and scarlet dye" to dye the linen. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 25:4](../25/04.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/26.md b/exo/35/26.md index 70dc0b0bdb..5cefbd29d7 100644 --- a/exo/35/26.md +++ b/exo/35/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whose hearts stirred them up Here "hearts" refers to the women. The hearts of the women who responded to God are spoken of as if they were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: "who responded to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/35/27.md b/exo/35/27.md index cadadee662..f7f03ebbb8 100644 --- a/exo/35/27.md +++ b/exo/35/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The leaders brought ... breastpiece For 35:27 see how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md). - diff --git a/exo/35/28.md b/exo/35/28.md index ceb10e7330..a0eed38e42 100644 --- a/exo/35/28.md +++ b/exo/35/28.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # they brought spices ... fragrant incense -For 35:28 see how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md) +For 35:28 see how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md) diff --git a/exo/35/29.md b/exo/35/29.md index 289a05cec1..ffe05896ee 100644 --- a/exo/35/29.md +++ b/exo/35/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whose heart was willing Here "heart" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "who was willing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/exo/35/30.md b/exo/35/30.md index 94214a8902..73bdc64569 100644 --- a/exo/35/30.md +++ b/exo/35/30.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Bezalel son of Uri son of Hur, from the tribe of Judah -See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md) +See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md) diff --git a/exo/35/31.md b/exo/35/31.md index 7666ef7f64..9db4a81186 100644 --- a/exo/35/31.md +++ b/exo/35/31.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ God's Spirit who gave Bezalel the ability to work is spoken of here as if he was something that filled up Bezalel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # filled Bezalel ... craftsmanship -See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:3](../31/03.md) +See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:3](../31/03.md) diff --git a/exo/35/32.md b/exo/35/32.md index 9518e5ffd2..b5c68469a1 100644 --- a/exo/35/32.md +++ b/exo/35/32.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # to make artistic designs ... bronze -See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:4](../31/04.md) +See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:4](../31/04.md) diff --git a/exo/35/33.md b/exo/35/33.md index e7de9f685b..ce1c46f4d4 100644 --- a/exo/35/33.md +++ b/exo/35/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # also to cut and set stones ... craftsmanship See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:5](../31/05.md) - diff --git a/exo/35/34.md b/exo/35/34.md index 36725e7ac6..432a4cab0a 100644 --- a/exo/35/34.md +++ b/exo/35/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to Bezalel. The ability to teach is spoken of as if it somet # Oholiab son of Ahisamak, from the tribe of Dan "Oholiab" and "Ahisamak" are names of men. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 31:6](../31/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/35/35.md b/exo/35/35.md index 670cf6f753..866127268e 100644 --- a/exo/35/35.md +++ b/exo/35/35.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ a person who creates cloth using thread # artistic designers a person who creates beauty with materials - diff --git a/exo/35/intro.md b/exo/35/intro.md index 78dab7cac7..2238000abe 100644 --- a/exo/35/intro.md +++ b/exo/35/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 35 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sacrifice -#### Sacrifice All of the people offered sacrifices to Yahweh. This was a form of worship and a sign of repentance from making the golden calf idol. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worship]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ All of the people offered sacrifices to Yahweh. This was a form of worship and a * __[Exodus 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/36/01.md b/exo/36/01.md index fa085d337e..69ca95d98f 100644 --- a/exo/36/01.md +++ b/exo/36/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here skill and ability are spoken of as if they are something that Yahweh can pl # according to all that Yahweh has commanded "just as Yahweh has commanded" - diff --git a/exo/36/02.md b/exo/36/02.md index a58de149d8..bc1a817ef6 100644 --- a/exo/36/02.md +++ b/exo/36/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "mind" refers to the person who was made skillful by Yahweh. Alternate tran # whose heart stirred within him Here "heart" refers to the person. The heart that responded to God is spoken of as if it were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: "who responded to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/36/03.md b/exo/36/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/36/03.md +++ b/exo/36/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/36/04.md b/exo/36/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/36/04.md +++ b/exo/36/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/36/05.md b/exo/36/05.md index 83839407fe..3ce9ebe906 100644 --- a/exo/36/05.md +++ b/exo/36/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "The craftsmen to # The craftsmen told Moses "The men working on the sanctuary told Moses" - diff --git a/exo/36/06.md b/exo/36/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/36/06.md +++ b/exo/36/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/36/07.md b/exo/36/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/36/07.md +++ b/exo/36/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/36/08.md b/exo/36/08.md index 62ad0498ea..67ae1feee7 100644 --- a/exo/36/08.md +++ b/exo/36/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These curtains are sheets of cloth woven and sewed together so that they can han # Bezalel This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/36/09.md b/exo/36/09.md index 0e57e8762a..8032b56cb5 100644 --- a/exo/36/09.md +++ b/exo/36/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:2](../26/02.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/10.md b/exo/36/10.md index 5ccce1d451..332ee6eb7d 100644 --- a/exo/36/10.md +++ b/exo/36/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:3](../26/03.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/11.md b/exo/36/11.md index d35ae90666..17063554e5 100644 --- a/exo/36/11.md +++ b/exo/36/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ loops of blue cloth # curtain These were large, heavy sections of woven cloth that were used to form the covering and dividing walls of the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/12.md b/exo/36/12.md index abd2695343..653c83c521 100644 --- a/exo/36/12.md +++ b/exo/36/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:5](../26/05.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/13.md b/exo/36/13.md index 3bfb867ca4..554f1de82e 100644 --- a/exo/36/13.md +++ b/exo/36/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:6](../26/06.md). # fifty gold clasps "50 gold clasps" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/36/14.md b/exo/36/14.md index 2238655019..97c6f95f72 100644 --- a/exo/36/14.md +++ b/exo/36/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:7](../26/07.md). # made eleven "made 11" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/36/15.md b/exo/36/15.md index 775035e982..f8337bbec7 100644 --- a/exo/36/15.md +++ b/exo/36/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:8](../26/08.md). # thirty cubits "30 cubits" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/36/16.md b/exo/36/16.md index fa4e4c4648..4c98812584 100644 --- a/exo/36/16.md +++ b/exo/36/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:9](../26/09.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/17.md b/exo/36/17.md index 18866d28f4..2dd43c5b1c 100644 --- a/exo/36/17.md +++ b/exo/36/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:10](../26/10.md). # fifty loops "50 loops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/36/18.md b/exo/36/18.md index fd60e3bb6b..49992d7384 100644 --- a/exo/36/18.md +++ b/exo/36/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:11](../26/11.md). # fifty bronze clasps "50 bronze clasps" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/36/19.md b/exo/36/19.md index 76584128fc..f07a8f552b 100644 --- a/exo/36/19.md +++ b/exo/36/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:14](../26/14.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/20.md b/exo/36/20.md index 1926cf4c78..bef80d2848 100644 --- a/exo/36/20.md +++ b/exo/36/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:15](../26/15.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/21.md b/exo/36/21.md index 8ad7cf6aa3..7b8add71ce 100644 --- a/exo/36/21.md +++ b/exo/36/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:16](../26/16.md). # ten cubits ... one and a half cubits "10 cubits ... 1.5 cubits" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/36/22.md b/exo/36/22.md index 7cc35b735a..16a3b5e7e2 100644 --- a/exo/36/22.md +++ b/exo/36/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:17](../26/17.md). # two wooden pegs for joining A wooden peg is a small piece of wood sticking out beyond the end of the board so it can be secured. - diff --git a/exo/36/23.md b/exo/36/23.md index 0e4cf263ca..8b6b0a0f93 100644 --- a/exo/36/23.md +++ b/exo/36/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:18](../26/18.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/24.md b/exo/36/24.md index 03a2808904..f320926f0d 100644 --- a/exo/36/24.md +++ b/exo/36/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md). # twenty frames "20 frames" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/36/25.md b/exo/36/25.md index ad9b200f2a..2e3f2580b2 100644 --- a/exo/36/25.md +++ b/exo/36/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:20](../26/20.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/26.md b/exo/36/26.md index bb0e8e93a9..af3b4784c5 100644 --- a/exo/36/26.md +++ b/exo/36/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:21](../26/21.md). # and so on There will be two bases under each and every frame. - diff --git a/exo/36/27.md b/exo/36/27.md index f9c0b012a3..d65cf9b9c6 100644 --- a/exo/36/27.md +++ b/exo/36/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:22](../26/22.md). # on the west on the side that is on the west - diff --git a/exo/36/28.md b/exo/36/28.md index 128c547e07..22517cfe72 100644 --- a/exo/36/28.md +++ b/exo/36/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:23](../26/23.md). # for the back corners for the corners at the rear of the tabernacle - diff --git a/exo/36/29.md b/exo/36/29.md index ffa06d4879..13fe7c5b09 100644 --- a/exo/36/29.md +++ b/exo/36/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:24](../26/24.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/30.md b/exo/36/30.md index 56e0c9cc07..7930f3014c 100644 --- a/exo/36/30.md +++ b/exo/36/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:25](../26/25.md). # and so on There will be two bases under each and every frame. - diff --git a/exo/36/31.md b/exo/36/31.md index 66153d95e7..c53eedf597 100644 --- a/exo/36/31.md +++ b/exo/36/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:26](../26/26.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/32.md b/exo/36/32.md index ad8b1af016..16b627a471 100644 --- a/exo/36/32.md +++ b/exo/36/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:27](../26/27.md). # to the west on the west side - diff --git a/exo/36/33.md b/exo/36/33.md index 5401ac652a..409986ff95 100644 --- a/exo/36/33.md +++ b/exo/36/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:28](../26/28.md). # from end to end from one side of the tabernacle to the other side - diff --git a/exo/36/34.md b/exo/36/34.md index 9240ef078e..6fb72c169d 100644 --- a/exo/36/34.md +++ b/exo/36/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:29](../26/29.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/35.md b/exo/36/35.md index 4606f4ffe0..6dd267153a 100644 --- a/exo/36/35.md +++ b/exo/36/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:31](../26/31.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/36.md b/exo/36/36.md index a3ebc4c48d..c669fd36c4 100644 --- a/exo/36/36.md +++ b/exo/36/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:32](../26/32.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/37.md b/exo/36/37.md index 8a49e5dad7..27bf51ff30 100644 --- a/exo/36/37.md +++ b/exo/36/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "he" refers to Bezalel and those working for him. "Bezalel and his men made # a screen a curtain - diff --git a/exo/36/38.md b/exo/36/38.md index 3e39a4a160..3ede5b9bc3 100644 --- a/exo/36/38.md +++ b/exo/36/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:37](../26/37.md). - diff --git a/exo/36/intro.md b/exo/36/intro.md index 91be4fcdb6..27c88f4368 100644 --- a/exo/36/intro.md +++ b/exo/36/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 36 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Tent of meeting -#### Tent of meeting The tent of meeting, or tabernacle, mentioned in previous chapters is constructed in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The tent of meeting, or tabernacle, mentioned in previous chapters is constructe * __[Exodus 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../35/intro.md) | [>>](../37/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/37/01.md b/exo/37/01.md index 5951122e92..5b50102b99 100644 --- a/exo/37/01.md +++ b/exo/37/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02 # two and a half cubits ... one cubit and a half A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "2.5 cubits ... 1.5 cubits" or "115 centimeters ... 69 centimeters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/02.md b/exo/37/02.md index cffc44623f..3a6a2b61cc 100644 --- a/exo/37/02.md +++ b/exo/37/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:11](../25/11.md). - diff --git a/exo/37/03.md b/exo/37/03.md index ddbea2f08e..c74bf7dd67 100644 --- a/exo/37/03.md +++ b/exo/37/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:12](../25/12.md). # its four feet These four pieces of wood that supported the ark are spoken of as if they were human or animal feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/04.md b/exo/37/04.md index 7183dc0d1e..358d1ba41c 100644 --- a/exo/37/04.md +++ b/exo/37/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:13](../25/13.md). # He made Though "he" refers to Bezalel, "he" may include all of the workers who assisted him. - diff --git a/exo/37/05.md b/exo/37/05.md index d10130af56..da16a79430 100644 --- a/exo/37/05.md +++ b/exo/37/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:14](../25/14.md). - diff --git a/exo/37/06.md b/exo/37/06.md index b2fa5b32bc..05a0085e3e 100644 --- a/exo/37/06.md +++ b/exo/37/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md). # two and a half cubits ... one and a half cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "2.5 cubits ... 1.5 cubits" or "115 centimeters ... 69 centimeters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/07.md b/exo/37/07.md index fd07e1b750..57dc18d731 100644 --- a/exo/37/07.md +++ b/exo/37/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:18](../25/18.md). - diff --git a/exo/37/08.md b/exo/37/08.md index cba3f3695f..5e27135649 100644 --- a/exo/37/08.md +++ b/exo/37/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:19](../25/19.md). # They were made as one piece This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He made them as one piece" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/09.md b/exo/37/09.md index b866536ca7..0e9aea09a6 100644 --- a/exo/37/09.md +++ b/exo/37/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel placed the statues of the cherubim as if they were real cherubim which w # The cherubim faced one another and looked toward "The faces of the cherubim were towards each other, and they looked toward" - diff --git a/exo/37/10.md b/exo/37/10.md index 43442b77c8..e18170682e 100644 --- a/exo/37/10.md +++ b/exo/37/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:23](../25/23.md). # two cubits ... one cubit ... one and a half cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "2 cubits ... 1 cubit ... 1.5 cubits" or "92 centimeters ... 46 centimeters ... 69 centimeters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/11.md b/exo/37/11.md index ff8bf60767..db9f7beead 100644 --- a/exo/37/11.md +++ b/exo/37/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:24](../25/24.md). - diff --git a/exo/37/12.md b/exo/37/12.md index 77855b9b52..381c3646e2 100644 --- a/exo/37/12.md +++ b/exo/37/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:25](../25/25.md). # handbreadth This was the width of a man's hand with fingers spread out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/13.md b/exo/37/13.md index 7bf18a5b65..7cde759f25 100644 --- a/exo/37/13.md +++ b/exo/37/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:26](../25/26.md). # the four feet These four pieces of wood that supported the ark are spoken of as if they were human or animal feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/14.md b/exo/37/14.md index 4f0fabcd26..6180282c22 100644 --- a/exo/37/14.md +++ b/exo/37/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:27](../25/27.md). # The rings were attached This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Bezalel attached the rings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/15.md b/exo/37/15.md index 93db8602c1..e00f9f78b9 100644 --- a/exo/37/15.md +++ b/exo/37/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:28](../25/28.md). - diff --git a/exo/37/16.md b/exo/37/16.md index a6b72d07a8..56960ec0d8 100644 --- a/exo/37/16.md +++ b/exo/37/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:29](../25/29.md). # dishes, spoons, the bowls, and pitchers to be used to pour out the offerings It is only the bowls and pitchers that are used to pour out the offerings. Alternate translation: "plates and cups, and also the jars and bowls which the priests will use for pouring out the offerings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/17.md b/exo/37/17.md index e1942fc8ac..3e1b414c79 100644 --- a/exo/37/17.md +++ b/exo/37/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture. # Its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers were all made of one piece with it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He made the cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers as one piece with the lampstand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/18.md b/exo/37/18.md index f950017929..0ce19b3990 100644 --- a/exo/37/18.md +++ b/exo/37/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:32](../25/32.md). - diff --git a/exo/37/19.md b/exo/37/19.md index c08317b7ab..aea6251138 100644 --- a/exo/37/19.md +++ b/exo/37/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he made the 3 cups lo # almond blossoms An almond blossom is a white or pink flower with five petals that grows on an almond tree. - diff --git a/exo/37/20.md b/exo/37/20.md index 6f3f5b4ca9..2e0582b91e 100644 --- a/exo/37/20.md +++ b/exo/37/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:34](../25/34.md). # there were four cups made like almond blossoms This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "there were 4 cups which Bezalel made to look like almond blossoms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/21.md b/exo/37/21.md index be5c4b6b5f..00f4e3b726 100644 --- a/exo/37/21.md +++ b/exo/37/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:35](../25/35.md). # made as one piece with it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which he made as one piece with the lampstand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/22.md b/exo/37/22.md index b39c72ca20..3e4e006d02 100644 --- a/exo/37/22.md +++ b/exo/37/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:36](../25/36.md). - diff --git a/exo/37/23.md b/exo/37/23.md index 8742025770..df7f6f36f0 100644 --- a/exo/37/23.md +++ b/exo/37/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture. # tongs This is a tool made from two sticks of wood or metal connected at one end and used for picking up objects. - diff --git a/exo/37/24.md b/exo/37/24.md index e5d8711b14..6c4876d6ee 100644 --- a/exo/37/24.md +++ b/exo/37/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:39](../25/39.md). # one talent "33 kilograms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/25.md b/exo/37/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/37/25.md +++ b/exo/37/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/37/26.md b/exo/37/26.md index a4236305aa..1d7cec0989 100644 --- a/exo/37/26.md +++ b/exo/37/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:3](../30/03.md). - diff --git a/exo/37/27.md b/exo/37/27.md index 96088f7d4d..150310b978 100644 --- a/exo/37/27.md +++ b/exo/37/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture. # to be attached to it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which they attached to the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/37/28.md b/exo/37/28.md index bf3dae232c..1f1c57bce3 100644 --- a/exo/37/28.md +++ b/exo/37/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:5](../30/05.md). - diff --git a/exo/37/29.md b/exo/37/29.md index fa98479749..a68b20eb6e 100644 --- a/exo/37/29.md +++ b/exo/37/29.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md). # fragrant incense + See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md). # the work of a perfumer A perfumer is skilled in mixing spices and oils. - diff --git a/exo/37/intro.md b/exo/37/intro.md index 2b2a477a2d..7b29f8be8b 100644 --- a/exo/37/intro.md +++ b/exo/37/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 37 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The ark of the covenant -#### The ark of the covenant The ark, mentioned in previous chapters, is constructed in this chapter. There are other furnishings of the tabernacle that are also produced in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The ark, mentioned in previous chapters, is constructed in this chapter. There a * __[Exodus 37:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../36/intro.md) | [>>](../38/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/38/01.md b/exo/38/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/38/01.md +++ b/exo/38/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/38/02.md b/exo/38/02.md index 3937a70932..45b751b512 100644 --- a/exo/38/02.md +++ b/exo/38/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md). # The horns were made of one piece This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He made the horns as one piece" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/03.md b/exo/38/03.md index 04846b8462..4873854bca 100644 --- a/exo/38/03.md +++ b/exo/38/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:3](../27/03.md). - diff --git a/exo/38/04.md b/exo/38/04.md index 969dd312a2..7fa6d48b0a 100644 --- a/exo/38/04.md +++ b/exo/38/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md) and [Exodus 27:5](../27/05.md). # Connecting Statement: @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture. # to be placed under the ledge This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which they placed under the ledge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/05.md b/exo/38/05.md index 8f18999aa6..49628d2b6d 100644 --- a/exo/38/05.md +++ b/exo/38/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md). - diff --git a/exo/38/06.md b/exo/38/06.md index 48f6cf6275..e808728038 100644 --- a/exo/38/06.md +++ b/exo/38/06.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:6](../27/06.md). # Connecting Statement: Bezalel's work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture. - diff --git a/exo/38/07.md b/exo/38/07.md index 85c2705c58..9a8bac036a 100644 --- a/exo/38/07.md +++ b/exo/38/07.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:7-8](../27/07.md). # planks a long, flat piece of wood that is thicker than a board - diff --git a/exo/38/08.md b/exo/38/08.md index 82defa2991..b97a658018 100644 --- a/exo/38/08.md +++ b/exo/38/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The bronze came from the mirrors. This can be stated clearly in the translation. # mirrors A mirror is a piece of polished metal or glass that reflects an image. - diff --git a/exo/38/09.md b/exo/38/09.md index 418fe45abc..95aa0ae22e 100644 --- a/exo/38/09.md +++ b/exo/38/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture. # cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/10.md b/exo/38/10.md index 409451c6d7..0f31a21662 100644 --- a/exo/38/10.md +++ b/exo/38/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:10](../27/10.md). # twenty "20" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/11.md b/exo/38/11.md index 7ddabda34e..4b2c20defa 100644 --- a/exo/38/11.md +++ b/exo/38/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:11](../27/11.md). # cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/12.md b/exo/38/12.md index 25306ac441..1d2ce990ea 100644 --- a/exo/38/12.md +++ b/exo/38/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:12](../27/12.md). # fifty ... ten "50 ... 10" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/13.md b/exo/38/13.md index 2ef4594daa..b08f4dfde4 100644 --- a/exo/38/13.md +++ b/exo/38/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:13](../27/13.md). # cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/14.md b/exo/38/14.md index f2d8add86d..ae5d2cca1e 100644 --- a/exo/38/14.md +++ b/exo/38/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:14](../27/14.md). # fifteen ... three "15 ... 3" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/15.md b/exo/38/15.md index 523e4d1488..89a5e97971 100644 --- a/exo/38/15.md +++ b/exo/38/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:15](../27/15.md). - diff --git a/exo/38/16.md b/exo/38/16.md index 30ed02280a..f9cb53f776 100644 --- a/exo/38/16.md +++ b/exo/38/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the hangings around the courtyard were made of fine linen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Bezalel and the workers made all the hangings around the courtyard with fine linen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/17.md b/exo/38/17.md index c98e44a1c2..fe104cf1fd 100644 --- a/exo/38/17.md +++ b/exo/38/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Bezalel and the worke # The hooks and rods for the posts were made of silver, and the covering for the tops of the posts was also made of silver This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They made the hooks, the rods for the posts, and the covering for the tops of the posts out of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/18.md b/exo/38/18.md index 495c9e463c..16d4aee690 100644 --- a/exo/38/18.md +++ b/exo/38/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # It was made of This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They made the screen of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/19.md b/exo/38/19.md index 07c55f84df..c7334a4477 100644 --- a/exo/38/19.md +++ b/exo/38/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:17](../27/17.md). # The covering for their tops and its rods were made of silver This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They made the covering for the tops of the posts and their rods out of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/20.md b/exo/38/20.md index 789bfd02e0..a6f7ba98ae 100644 --- a/exo/38/20.md +++ b/exo/38/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:19](../27/19.md). # All the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard were made of bronze This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They made all of the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard out of bronze" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/21.md b/exo/38/21.md index 4b93f2f98b..e66473135b 100644 --- a/exo/38/21.md +++ b/exo/38/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which Moses instructe # Ithamar This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/22.md b/exo/38/22.md index 09e71262af..2a0edf2abc 100644 --- a/exo/38/22.md +++ b/exo/38/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Yahweh had commanded Moses "everything that Yahweh told Moses to do" - diff --git a/exo/38/23.md b/exo/38/23.md index 1f32458595..bd35fa3835 100644 --- a/exo/38/23.md +++ b/exo/38/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # an engraver, as a skillful workman, and as an embroiderer "as a skilled engraver and embroiderer" - diff --git a/exo/38/24.md b/exo/38/24.md index 96da54046c..230a1493fb 100644 --- a/exo/38/24.md +++ b/exo/38/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: "seven hundred and thirty shekels" # measured by the standard of the sanctuary shekel There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used. See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:13](../30/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/25.md b/exo/38/25.md index 6539848483..23826e00c2 100644 --- a/exo/38/25.md +++ b/exo/38/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A shekel is 11 grams. "one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five shekels" or " # The silver given by the community This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The silver which the community gave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/26.md b/exo/38/26.md index 6782eb5316..7c706bb931 100644 --- a/exo/38/26.md +++ b/exo/38/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Every man who was 20 years old or older was included in the census and was requi # twenty years old "20 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/27.md b/exo/38/27.md index 66ac9e3fcb..01f50d20c8 100644 --- a/exo/38/27.md +++ b/exo/38/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: "The workers cast 100 tal # One hundred talents "100 talents" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/28.md b/exo/38/28.md index cfd5dd648a..7cd99e2f42 100644 --- a/exo/38/28.md +++ b/exo/38/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # Bezalel This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/29.md b/exo/38/29.md index f4fb3fbd8c..1a25fb6f45 100644 --- a/exo/38/29.md +++ b/exo/38/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seventy talents and 2,400 shekels "70 talents and two thousand four hundred shekels." The shekels were bronze coins. The talents and shekels together would have weighed a total of about 2,500 kilograms. Alternate translation: "2450 kilograms and 2400 bronze coins" or "2,450 kilograms plus 28 kilograms of bronze coins" or "about 2,500 kilograms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/exo/38/30.md b/exo/38/30.md index ecd4cd471d..72638f16d5 100644 --- a/exo/38/30.md +++ b/exo/38/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture. # grate This is a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md). - diff --git a/exo/38/31.md b/exo/38/31.md index 3d937ba6c6..1387079f7b 100644 --- a/exo/38/31.md +++ b/exo/38/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tent pegs These are sharp bronze stakes that were used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:19](../27/19.md). - diff --git a/exo/38/intro.md b/exo/38/intro.md index 4faf6aa52c..a425b5307f 100644 --- a/exo/38/intro.md +++ b/exo/38/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Exodus 38 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The altar -#### The altar The altar is constructed in this chapter. There are other furnishings of the tabernacle that are also produced in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) -#### Materials +### Materials + The list of materials being used is intended to give the reader an understanding of the scale of the tabernacle. It should fill the reader with awe concerning the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ The list of materials being used is intended to give the reader an understanding * __[Exodus 38:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../37/intro.md) | [>>](../39/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/39/01.md b/exo/39/01.md index 1467a61096..c6d2fe9102 100644 --- a/exo/39/01.md +++ b/exo/39/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to Bezalel, Oholiab, and the other workmen. # as Yahweh had commanded Moses "just as Yahweh told Moses to do" - diff --git a/exo/39/02.md b/exo/39/02.md index 3b24a99f9a..69cb63b1c0 100644 --- a/exo/39/02.md +++ b/exo/39/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:6](../28/06.md). # Connecting Statement: @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. # Bezalel This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/exo/39/03.md b/exo/39/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/39/03.md +++ b/exo/39/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/39/04.md b/exo/39/04.md index f89363288e..cc38063a1f 100644 --- a/exo/39/04.md +++ b/exo/39/04.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:7](../28/07.md). # Connecting Statement: Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. - diff --git a/exo/39/05.md b/exo/39/05.md index c04b7474d7..4571eccb8c 100644 --- a/exo/39/05.md +++ b/exo/39/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md). # it was made of one piece with the ephod, made of fine twined linen @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they made it as one p # as Yahweh had commanded Moses "just as Yahweh told Moses to do." See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 39:1](../39/01.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/06.md b/exo/39/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/39/06.md +++ b/exo/39/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/39/07.md b/exo/39/07.md index d491ad0e12..aaeb2e120b 100644 --- a/exo/39/07.md +++ b/exo/39/07.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:12](../28/12.md). # as Yahweh had commanded Moses "just as Yahweh told Moses to do." See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 39:1](../39/01.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/08.md b/exo/39/08.md index 8b1cac943e..38ac31cd0f 100644 --- a/exo/39/08.md +++ b/exo/39/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:15](../28/15.md). # Connecting Statement: @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. # He made "Bezalel made" or "Bezalel and the workers made" - diff --git a/exo/39/09.md b/exo/39/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/39/09.md +++ b/exo/39/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/39/10.md b/exo/39/10.md index 32e3e474e5..397d690ae2 100644 --- a/exo/39/10.md +++ b/exo/39/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. # ruby, a topaz, and a garnet Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:17](../28/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/39/11.md b/exo/39/11.md index 65833c5963..27b38a5ee9 100644 --- a/exo/39/11.md +++ b/exo/39/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:18](../28/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/39/12.md b/exo/39/12.md index e5e0808faa..e30bb93c86 100644 --- a/exo/39/12.md +++ b/exo/39/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:19](../28/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/exo/39/13.md b/exo/39/13.md index f8ee766ed3..cacce0d14b 100644 --- a/exo/39/13.md +++ b/exo/39/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact i # The stones were mounted in gold settings This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They mounted the stones in gold settings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/39/14.md b/exo/39/14.md index e8280fc38b..d77441e408 100644 --- a/exo/39/14.md +++ b/exo/39/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:21](../28/21.md). # Connecting Statement: Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. - diff --git a/exo/39/15.md b/exo/39/15.md index 06ccccdd3d..84ae4d1c94 100644 --- a/exo/39/15.md +++ b/exo/39/15.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # General Information: -See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:22](../28/22.md). +See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:22](../28/22.md). diff --git a/exo/39/16.md b/exo/39/16.md index b998f1a405..b5b533609a 100644 --- a/exo/39/16.md +++ b/exo/39/16.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # General Information: -See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:23-24](../28/23.md). +See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:23-24](../28/23.md). diff --git a/exo/39/17.md b/exo/39/17.md index 907fe25419..74d0161660 100644 --- a/exo/39/17.md +++ b/exo/39/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:24](../28/24.md). # Connecting Statement: @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. # two braided chains "chains that are made of pure gold and are braided like cords." See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:14](../28/14.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/18.md b/exo/39/18.md index d050466c58..32803bb7cb 100644 --- a/exo/39/18.md +++ b/exo/39/18.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # General Information: -See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:25](../28/25.md). +See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:25](../28/25.md). diff --git a/exo/39/19.md b/exo/39/19.md index a90cbf5871..0cb257670f 100644 --- a/exo/39/19.md +++ b/exo/39/19.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:26](../28/26.md). # Connecting Statement: Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. - diff --git a/exo/39/20.md b/exo/39/20.md index c2609baa2b..08d3eee7e4 100644 --- a/exo/39/20.md +++ b/exo/39/20.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:27](../28/27.md). # finely-woven waistband This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/21.md b/exo/39/21.md index 130e86b5aa..302fbddad6 100644 --- a/exo/39/21.md +++ b/exo/39/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:28](../28/28.md). # Connecting Statement: @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so they could attach # the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod The double negative can be translated as a positive. Alternate translation: "the breastpiece might stay attached to the ephod" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/exo/39/22.md b/exo/39/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/39/22.md +++ b/exo/39/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/39/23.md b/exo/39/23.md index e5761e1cd7..cfd3d8d472 100644 --- a/exo/39/23.md +++ b/exo/39/23.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # General Information: -See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:32](../28/32.md). +See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:32](../28/32.md). diff --git a/exo/39/24.md b/exo/39/24.md index c3316ae21a..0ddd0d7877 100644 --- a/exo/39/24.md +++ b/exo/39/24.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # General Information: -See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:33](../28/33.md). +See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:33](../28/33.md). diff --git a/exo/39/25.md b/exo/39/25.md index ddf8a3b518..f974307bac 100644 --- a/exo/39/25.md +++ b/exo/39/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:34-35](../28/34.md). # Connecting Statement: @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments as commanded in [Exo # bells of pure gold These were tiny bells. - diff --git a/exo/39/26.md b/exo/39/26.md index f049f204be..7ddb4c364b 100644 --- a/exo/39/26.md +++ b/exo/39/26.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # General Information: -See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:34-35](../28/34.md). +See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:34-35](../28/34.md). diff --git a/exo/39/27.md b/exo/39/27.md index 09008451c0..872e46a8e8 100644 --- a/exo/39/27.md +++ b/exo/39/27.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # General Information: + See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:39](../28/39.md). # Connecting Statement: Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. - diff --git a/exo/39/28.md b/exo/39/28.md index efec4ab793..da576ea946 100644 --- a/exo/39/28.md +++ b/exo/39/28.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ This is a head covering worn by men made of a long strip of cloth wound around the head. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md). # headbands + A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:40](../28/40.md). # undergarments This is clothing worn under the outer clothes, next to the skin. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:42](../28/42.md). Alternate translation: "underwear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/39/29.md b/exo/39/29.md index e7f58c682d..bd78ffa645 100644 --- a/exo/39/29.md +++ b/exo/39/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sash This is a long piece of cloth worn over the shoulder or around the waist. See how you translated this word in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md) - diff --git a/exo/39/30.md b/exo/39/30.md index f8f782c463..62884b03d2 100644 --- a/exo/39/30.md +++ b/exo/39/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments.. # holy crown This was an engraved crown made of pure gold. See how you translated this in [Exodus 29:6](../29/06.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/31.md b/exo/39/31.md index 01073ee9ed..6403f7934e 100644 --- a/exo/39/31.md +++ b/exo/39/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:37](../28/37.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/32.md b/exo/39/32.md index 7646d1e383..b676fc3bb4 100644 --- a/exo/39/32.md +++ b/exo/39/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelites finish making the things Yahweh commanded in [Exodus 35:4-9](../3 # So the work on the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, was finished. The people of Israel did everything The "tabernacle" and "tent of meeting" are the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So the people of Israel finished all of the work on the tabernacle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/39/33.md b/exo/39/33.md index 035fc45a7f..066258e18a 100644 --- a/exo/39/33.md +++ b/exo/39/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you transla # bases These are heavy objects that rest on the ground and keep the object attached to them from moving. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:31](../25/31.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/34.md b/exo/39/34.md index 9bbb45c3ed..050e7af973 100644 --- a/exo/39/34.md +++ b/exo/39/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the covering of ram skins dyed red, the covering of fine leather See how you translated similar phrases in this in [Exodus 25:5](../25/05.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/35.md b/exo/39/35.md index 86eeec02c3..9e02abad7c 100644 --- a/exo/39/35.md +++ b/exo/39/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/36.md b/exo/39/36.md index 690d266ac5..ee31b95b09 100644 --- a/exo/39/36.md +++ b/exo/39/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to present all that they made to Moses. # bread of the presence This bread represented the presence of God. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:30](../25/30.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/37.md b/exo/39/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/39/37.md +++ b/exo/39/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/39/38.md b/exo/39/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/39/38.md +++ b/exo/39/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/39/39.md b/exo/39/39.md index 26f34052cc..45a844c87c 100644 --- a/exo/39/39.md +++ b/exo/39/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # grate This is a frame of crossed bars that held wood while burning. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md). - diff --git a/exo/39/40.md b/exo/39/40.md index 143acff8ca..c6225f7b83 100644 --- a/exo/39/40.md +++ b/exo/39/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bezalel's work crew continues to present all that they made to Moses. # the tabernacle, the tent of meeting These refer to the same place. - diff --git a/exo/39/41.md b/exo/39/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/39/41.md +++ b/exo/39/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/39/42.md b/exo/39/42.md index eb3e62d31f..12e7aa8efd 100644 --- a/exo/39/42.md +++ b/exo/39/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Thus the people "And so the people" - diff --git a/exo/39/43.md b/exo/39/43.md index 2e20c556e3..ceffa33632 100644 --- a/exo/39/43.md +++ b/exo/39/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "behold" here draws attention to the information that follows. # As Yahweh had commanded, in that way they did it "They did it in the way that Yahweh had commanded them" - diff --git a/exo/39/intro.md b/exo/39/intro.md index 9055ac1596..318ebbf3f3 100644 --- a/exo/39/intro.md +++ b/exo/39/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Exodus 39 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The holy clothing -#### The holy clothing The special, holy clothing mentioned in previous chapters is produced in this chapter to the correct specifications. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The special, holy clothing mentioned in previous chapters is produced in this ch * __[Exodus 39:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../38/intro.md) | [>>](../40/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/exo/40/01.md b/exo/40/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/01.md +++ b/exo/40/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/02.md b/exo/40/02.md index eba0ee1f13..8eb21c8cee 100644 --- a/exo/40/02.md +++ b/exo/40/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the first day of the first month of the new year The new year marks the time when God rescued his people from Egypt. This happens around the middle of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/exo/40/03.md b/exo/40/03.md index b0f941a13e..64b13fee98 100644 --- a/exo/40/03.md +++ b/exo/40/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # shield the ark with the curtain "put the ark behind the curtain" - diff --git a/exo/40/04.md b/exo/40/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/04.md +++ b/exo/40/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/05.md b/exo/40/05.md index bdc1f58daf..049e482791 100644 --- a/exo/40/05.md +++ b/exo/40/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # ark of the covenant decrees This refers to the "sacred chest." - diff --git a/exo/40/06.md b/exo/40/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/06.md +++ b/exo/40/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/07.md b/exo/40/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/07.md +++ b/exo/40/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/08.md b/exo/40/08.md index 8fbcaa8ab8..9723d12615 100644 --- a/exo/40/08.md +++ b/exo/40/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/exo/40/09.md b/exo/40/09.md index 9401e68e07..9fd8621f7b 100644 --- a/exo/40/09.md +++ b/exo/40/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all its furnishings "all the things that are a part of it" - diff --git a/exo/40/10.md b/exo/40/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/10.md +++ b/exo/40/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/11.md b/exo/40/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/11.md +++ b/exo/40/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/12.md b/exo/40/12.md index 4687bc495a..2c428d1ed0 100644 --- a/exo/40/12.md +++ b/exo/40/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # You are to bring Moses will do these things himself. - diff --git a/exo/40/13.md b/exo/40/13.md index 9fe805b38b..58a83ca9e0 100644 --- a/exo/40/13.md +++ b/exo/40/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that are set apart to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you have set apart to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/40/14.md b/exo/40/14.md index a56dd6fcac..5f6f3a0ade 100644 --- a/exo/40/14.md +++ b/exo/40/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. - diff --git a/exo/40/15.md b/exo/40/15.md index 72c3b3d9ed..80290a83c0 100644 --- a/exo/40/15.md +++ b/exo/40/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # throughout their people's generations "through all the generations of their descendants." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md). - diff --git a/exo/40/16.md b/exo/40/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/16.md +++ b/exo/40/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/17.md b/exo/40/17.md index f599b0bea8..64bd683f1c 100644 --- a/exo/40/17.md +++ b/exo/40/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to exactly one year after God rescued his people from Egypt. This ha # in the second year This is the second year after Yahweh brought his people out of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/exo/40/18.md b/exo/40/18.md index eee35e701b..aa777282ec 100644 --- a/exo/40/18.md +++ b/exo/40/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses was the leader. The people helped him set up the tabernacle. (See: [[rc:// # posts a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support - diff --git a/exo/40/19.md b/exo/40/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/19.md +++ b/exo/40/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/20.md b/exo/40/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/20.md +++ b/exo/40/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/21.md b/exo/40/21.md index b9d7bdb769..6901e4d502 100644 --- a/exo/40/21.md +++ b/exo/40/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses was the leader. He had workers helping him. # to shield "in front of" - diff --git a/exo/40/22.md b/exo/40/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/22.md +++ b/exo/40/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/23.md b/exo/40/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/23.md +++ b/exo/40/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/24.md b/exo/40/24.md index 039721396d..809c493d37 100644 --- a/exo/40/24.md +++ b/exo/40/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He put the lampstand into the tent of meeting Moses instructed his workers to move the lampstand. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "Moses's workmen set the lampstand inside the sacred tent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/40/25.md b/exo/40/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/25.md +++ b/exo/40/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/26.md b/exo/40/26.md index dd068b89a6..aac665f7eb 100644 --- a/exo/40/26.md +++ b/exo/40/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in front of the curtain This curtain separated the holy place from the very holy place. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "in front of the curtain that separated the holy place from the very holy place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/40/27.md b/exo/40/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/27.md +++ b/exo/40/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/28.md b/exo/40/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/28.md +++ b/exo/40/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/29.md b/exo/40/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/29.md +++ b/exo/40/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/30.md b/exo/40/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/30.md +++ b/exo/40/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/31.md b/exo/40/31.md index 5e56116149..0844f3ccae 100644 --- a/exo/40/31.md +++ b/exo/40/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # washed their hands and their feet from the basin They washed with water from the basin. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "washed their hands and their feet with water from the basin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/exo/40/32.md b/exo/40/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/32.md +++ b/exo/40/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/33.md b/exo/40/33.md index c5be9d2f4e..85aad60c30 100644 --- a/exo/40/33.md +++ b/exo/40/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In this way "And so" - diff --git a/exo/40/34.md b/exo/40/34.md index efe9c8a15a..19660577bc 100644 --- a/exo/40/34.md +++ b/exo/40/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh's glory filled "Yahweh's awesome presence filled" - diff --git a/exo/40/35.md b/exo/40/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/35.md +++ b/exo/40/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/36.md b/exo/40/36.md index f2828c674e..5271834b1e 100644 --- a/exo/40/36.md +++ b/exo/40/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # was taken up from over This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "rose up from" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/40/37.md b/exo/40/37.md index 2cfe10fb85..1e59f8cc83 100644 --- a/exo/40/37.md +++ b/exo/40/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that it was lifted up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when it rose up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/exo/40/38.md b/exo/40/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/exo/40/38.md +++ b/exo/40/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/exo/40/intro.md b/exo/40/intro.md index 99376798ac..1859bddd2b 100644 --- a/exo/40/intro.md +++ b/exo/40/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Exodus 40 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is repetitive and should read as a series of instructions. It is repeated as well to show that Moses was obedient to every detail of Yahweh's command. +This chapter is repetitive and should read as a series of instructions. It is repeated as well to show that Moses was obedient to every detail of Yahweh's command. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Yahweh's glory filled the tabernacle" -#### "Yahweh's glory filled the tabernacle" This phrase indicates that Yahweh began to dwell within the tabernacle, among Israel, in a special way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This phrase indicates that Yahweh began to dwell within the tabernacle, among Is * __[Exodus 40:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../39/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/exo/front/intro.md b/exo/front/intro.md index bbe69373d4..54f319d005 100644 --- a/exo/front/intro.md +++ b/exo/front/intro.md @@ -5,30 +5,35 @@ ### Outline of Exodus 1. Israel in Egypt; preparing to depart from slavery (1–12) - - First genealogy (1:1–6) - - Israel as slaves in Egypt (1:7–22) - - Moses's history to the time of the Exodus (2:1–4:26) - - Israel suffers in Egypt (4:27–6:13) - - Second genealogy (6:14–27) - - Moses and Aaron go to Pharaoh (6:28–7:25) - - The plagues (8:1–11:10) + + - First genealogy (1:1–6) + - Israel as slaves in Egypt (1:7–22) + - Moses's history to the time of the Exodus (2:1–4:26) + - Israel suffers in Egypt (4:27–6:13) + - Second genealogy (6:14–27) + - Moses and Aaron go to Pharaoh (6:28–7:25) + - The plagues (8:1–11:10) + 1. Instructions for celebrating the Passover (12:1–30) 1. From Egypt to Mount Sinai (12:31–18:27) - - The Passover; preparing to leave Egypt; leaving Egypt (12:31–50, 13:1–22) - - Journey from Egypt to Mount Sinai (14:1–18:27) + + - The Passover; preparing to leave Egypt; leaving Egypt (12:31–50, 13:1–22) + - Journey from Egypt to Mount Sinai (14:1–18:27) + 1. Mount Sinai and the Law (19-40) - - Preparing for the covenant (19:1–25) - - The Ten Commandments (20:1–17) - - The covenant described (20:18–23:33) - - The people agree to the covenant; Moses returns to Mount Sinai (24:1–18) - - Design of the tabernacle and its furnishings; what was required of those who serve in it; tabernacle functions (25:1–31:18) - - The golden calf; Moses prays for the people (32:1–33:22) - - The covenant described again (34:1–35) - - Making of the ark and its furnishings (35:1–38:31) and priestly garments (39:1–43, 40:1–33) - - The cloud (40:34–38) + + - Preparing for the covenant (19:1–25) + - The Ten Commandments (20:1–17) + - The covenant described (20:18–23:33) + - The people agree to the covenant; Moses returns to Mount Sinai (24:1–18) + - Design of the tabernacle and its furnishings; what was required of those who serve in it; tabernacle functions (25:1–31:18) + - The golden calf; Moses prays for the people (32:1–33:22) + - The covenant described again (34:1–35) + - Making of the ark and its furnishings (35:1–38:31) and priestly garments (39:1–43, 40:1–33) + - The cloud (40:34–38) ### What is the Book of Exodus about? - + Exodus continues the story of the previous book, Genesis. The first half of Exodus is about how Yahweh made Abraham's descendants into a nation. This nation, which would be called "Israel," was meant to belong to Yahweh and worship him. The second half of Exodus describes how God gave the Israelites his law through Moses. The law of Moses told the Israelites how to obey and worship Yahweh properly. The Book of Exodus tells how the Israelites were to build the tabernacle. The tabernacle was a tent where Yahweh would be among his people. The Israelites worshiped and sacrificed animals to Yahweh at the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) @@ -46,7 +51,7 @@ The writers of both the Old and New Testaments present Moses as being very invol Moses wrote much about God rescuing his people from the Egyptians to show that Yahweh is very powerful. Egypt was the most powerful nation at that time. And Yahweh was still able to free the Israelites from the Egyptians. Also, by rescuing the Israelites, Yahweh showed that he had chosen them as his people and they should worship him. ### How does the Book of Exodus show the fulfillment of the promises given to Abraham? - + The Book of Exodus shows God beginning to fulfill his promise to Abraham. In Genesis, God promised Abraham that he would have many descendants and that they would become a large nation. When God rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians, he took them to Mount Sinai. There he made a covenant with them, and they became the nation that belonged to Yahweh. ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts @@ -58,7 +63,7 @@ The Jewish Passover was a religious festival. Yahweh commanded the Israelites to ### What was the law of Moses to the people of Israel? The law of Moses instructed the people of Israel what Yahweh required them to do as his people. In the law, God told the people how they should live so that they honor him. He also instructed them about their need to offer animal sacrifices. God required these sacrifices so that he could forgive their sins and continue living among them. The law also described the duties of the priests and told how to build the tabernacle. - + ### What did it mean that Israel was to be a "kingdom of priests and a holy nation" (19:6 ULB)? Israel was a holy nation because Yahweh separated them from all other nations to belong to him. They were to honor and worship him only. This made them different than all the other nations of the world. These other nations worshiped many false gods. @@ -71,9 +76,8 @@ In Exodus 25-32, God describes exactly how the tabernacle was to be built. The d ### Are the events in the order that they actually happened? -Most but not all of the events in the Book of Exodus are told in the order that they actually happened. Translators may need to make it clear when the events are in an unusual order. +Most but not all of the events in the Book of Exodus are told in the order that they actually happened. Translators may need to make it clear when the events are in an unusual order. ### What does it mean that God "lived" among his people? The Book of Exodus presents God as living in the tabernacle among the nation of Israel. God is everywhere, but he lived among the Israelites in a special way. God dwelled with Israelites because they belonged to him. He promised to lead them and bless them. In return, the people were to worship him and honor him. - diff --git a/ezk/01/01.md b/ezk/01/01.md index 34eea60656..7805db18aa 100644 --- a/ezk/01/01.md +++ b/ezk/01/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "I" refers to Ezekiel. "I was one of the captives" # the Kebar Canal This is a river that people in Chaldea had dug to give water to their gardens. "the Kebar River" - diff --git a/ezk/01/02.md b/ezk/01/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/01/02.md +++ b/ezk/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/01/03.md b/ezk/01/03.md index 1331569d71..de2d36c9e1 100644 --- a/ezk/01/03.md +++ b/ezk/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. A person wi # Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. - diff --git a/ezk/01/04.md b/ezk/01/04.md index 71a31bbb7c..1da4a96c3d 100644 --- a/ezk/01/04.md +++ b/ezk/01/04.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "flashing lightning" or 2) "constant lightning." # amber a hard yellow resin that is used as a beautiful decoration on jewelry - diff --git a/ezk/01/05.md b/ezk/01/05.md index 272c41b9eb..89f75bcd28 100644 --- a/ezk/01/05.md +++ b/ezk/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "appearance" can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate t # They had the likeness of a man The abstract noun "appearance" can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "The four creatures looked like people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/01/06.md b/ezk/01/06.md index a38a33b52a..5211782fcb 100644 --- a/ezk/01/06.md +++ b/ezk/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but they had four faces each, and each of the creatures had four wings "but each of them had four different faces and four wings." Each creature had a face on the front, a face on the back, and a face on each side of its head. - diff --git a/ezk/01/07.md b/ezk/01/07.md index abe4f5a105..83f4d39cb1 100644 --- a/ezk/01/07.md +++ b/ezk/01/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the hard part of a calf's foot # that shone like polished bronze "that were shiny like bronze that has been polished." This describes the feet of the creatures. Alternate translation: "and they shone like polished bronze" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/01/08.md b/ezk/01/08.md index d934a3a39d..b3a1045723 100644 --- a/ezk/01/08.md +++ b/ezk/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # For all four, their faces and wings were like this "For all four of the creatures, their wings and their faces were like this" - diff --git a/ezk/01/09.md b/ezk/01/09.md index 4801577ce8..114cc3ecfa 100644 --- a/ezk/01/09.md +++ b/ezk/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They did not turn when they moved "The creatures did not turn as they moved" - diff --git a/ezk/01/10.md b/ezk/01/10.md index 2882780563..c6ca7f26b3 100644 --- a/ezk/01/10.md +++ b/ezk/01/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Ezekiel is describing the faces of the creatures on their front side. The abstra # They four had also the face of an eagle "The face on the back of the head of each one looked like the face of an eagle" - diff --git a/ezk/01/11.md b/ezk/01/11.md index 5879f67659..b0aff1e029 100644 --- a/ezk/01/11.md +++ b/ezk/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and also a pair of wings that covered their bodies This can be translated as a new sentence: "The other two wings of each creature covered its body" - diff --git a/ezk/01/12.md b/ezk/01/12.md index 60ec918b12..76d03027f9 100644 --- a/ezk/01/12.md +++ b/ezk/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Each went straight forward "Each creature moved with a face looking forward" - diff --git a/ezk/01/13.md b/ezk/01/13.md index adfe6ec233..159a4370c8 100644 --- a/ezk/01/13.md +++ b/ezk/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the abstract noun "likeness" means that what Ezekiel saw looked like these # there were flashes of lightning "lightning came out from the fire." - diff --git a/ezk/01/14.md b/ezk/01/14.md index 3e464d37ba..a887fcc376 100644 --- a/ezk/01/14.md +++ b/ezk/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The living creatures were moving swiftly back and forth, and they had the appearance of lightning Lightning flashes and then disappears quickly, and the creatures moved from one place to another quickly. The abstract noun "appearance" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "The living creatures were moving swiftly back and forth, and they looked like lightning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/01/15.md b/ezk/01/15.md index 28077fecdd..509fe74b5c 100644 --- a/ezk/01/15.md +++ b/ezk/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Ezekiel continues to tell about his vision. - diff --git a/ezk/01/16.md b/ezk/01/16.md index 8774ae3f90..d912d9a172 100644 --- a/ezk/01/16.md +++ b/ezk/01/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the abstract noun "likeness" refers to what the four wheels looked like. Th # their appearance and workmanship was like a wheel intersecting another wheel The abstract nouns "appearance" and "workmanship" can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "they appeared to be made with one wheel going through another wheel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/01/17.md b/ezk/01/17.md index 123e97d2f8..429d4df124 100644 --- a/ezk/01/17.md +++ b/ezk/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ezekiel continues to describe his vision. # they went in any of their four directions Possible meanings are 1) "their" refers to the creatures. Alternate translation: "they would go straight in any one of the four directions that the creatures looked towards" or 2) "their" refers to the wheels. - diff --git a/ezk/01/18.md b/ezk/01/18.md index dd2da0f3ba..f7a515bf54 100644 --- a/ezk/01/18.md +++ b/ezk/01/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # for the rims were full of eyes round about "because the rims had very many eyes around all four of the wheels" - diff --git a/ezk/01/19.md b/ezk/01/19.md index f2f42bb4b9..949eca7ea5 100644 --- a/ezk/01/19.md +++ b/ezk/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The creatures were flying in the air after they left the ground. Alternate trans # the wheels also rose up "the wheels also left the ground and went into the air" - diff --git a/ezk/01/20.md b/ezk/01/20.md index 030daa17dc..bace434380 100644 --- a/ezk/01/20.md +++ b/ezk/01/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the creatures. # the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels Possible meanings are 1) Ezekiel is speaking of the "creatures" of verse 19 as if they were one creature. Alternate translation: "the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels" or 2) Ezekiel is using an idiom. Alternate translation: "the spirit of life was in the wheels" or "the living spirit was in the wheels" or 3) the spirit in the creatures and in the wheels is the same. Alternate translation: "the same spirit that gave life to the creatures also gave life to the wheels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/01/21.md b/ezk/01/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/01/21.md +++ b/ezk/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/01/22.md b/ezk/01/22.md index e7d56deeb8..ef95dd4a3b 100644 --- a/ezk/01/22.md +++ b/ezk/01/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A dome looks like a hollow ball that is cut in half. "Expansive" means very larg # stretched out over their heads above "and the expansive dome was spread out above the heads of the creatures" or "and the expansive dome took up a lot of space over the heads of the creatures" - diff --git a/ezk/01/23.md b/ezk/01/23.md index a494957bfb..7cb7030611 100644 --- a/ezk/01/23.md +++ b/ezk/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Each of the living creatures also had a pair to cover themselves; each had a pair to cover his own body "Each of the living creatures also had two other wings, which they used to cover their bodies" - diff --git a/ezk/01/24.md b/ezk/01/24.md index 3699705bc9..7c9b643df5 100644 --- a/ezk/01/24.md +++ b/ezk/01/24.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Possible meanings are: 1) "Like the sound of very big storm" or 2) "Like the sou # they lowered their wings "the creatures let their wings hang down by their sides." They did this when they were not using their wings to fly. - diff --git a/ezk/01/25.md b/ezk/01/25.md index 18ae8bd9b9..d6508a42f1 100644 --- a/ezk/01/25.md +++ b/ezk/01/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the dome See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:23](../01/23.md). - diff --git a/ezk/01/26.md b/ezk/01/26.md index f545a5a56f..580c59bdb8 100644 --- a/ezk/01/26.md +++ b/ezk/01/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "likeness" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate t # a likeness like the appearance of a man The abstract nouns "likeness" and "appearance" can be translated with verbal phrases. If you need to tell who this is, you should probably identify him as Yahweh ([Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md)). Alternate translation: "something that looked similar to what appeared to be a man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/01/27.md b/ezk/01/27.md index 9874aa8106..932321278b 100644 --- a/ezk/01/27.md +++ b/ezk/01/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The person's body above the hips looked like glowing metal that had fire in it. # from the appearance of his hips downward the appearance of fire and brightness all around The abstract noun "appearance" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "all around him below what appeared to be his hips, I saw what looked like fire and a bright light" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/01/28.md b/ezk/01/28.md index 3f47f880b1..daea2dc2fb 100644 --- a/ezk/01/28.md +++ b/ezk/01/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "likeness" means that what Ezekiel saw looked like the glory o # I heard a voice speaking The word "voice" is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "I heard someone speaking" or "Someone spoke, and I heard his voice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/01/intro.md b/ezk/01/intro.md index 504b017a31..e8d902f5b5 100644 --- a/ezk/01/intro.md +++ b/ezk/01/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Ezekiel's call +### Ezekiel's call Ezekiel had a vision of God calling him to prophetic ministry. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -12,4 +12,3 @@ Ezekiel had a vision of God calling him to prophetic ministry. (See: [[rc://en/t * __[Ezekiel intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/02/01.md b/ezk/02/01.md index b5b01f68c1..33cdb77752 100644 --- a/ezk/02/01.md +++ b/ezk/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If your language has to identify the one speaking, it would be best to identify # Son of man "Son of a human being" or "Son of humanity." God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: "Mortal person" or "Human" - diff --git a/ezk/02/02.md b/ezk/02/02.md index 1a3ffa9e81..f599737f7a 100644 --- a/ezk/02/02.md +++ b/ezk/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Spirit Other possible meanings are 1) "a spirit" or 2) "a wind." - diff --git a/ezk/02/03.md b/ezk/02/03.md index 17318b1579..bf7bd7fe6a 100644 --- a/ezk/02/03.md +++ b/ezk/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # up to this very day "even now" or "even today." This means that the people of Israel were continuing to disobey God. - diff --git a/ezk/02/04.md b/ezk/02/04.md index 277753bcd1..82f4d9d571 100644 --- a/ezk/02/04.md +++ b/ezk/02/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This describes a person who refuses to change what he thinks or what he is doing # hard hearts Rocks never change and become soft, and these people never change and become sorry when they do evil things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/02/05.md b/ezk/02/05.md index 8c8c7caeb1..52501a368a 100644 --- a/ezk/02/05.md +++ b/ezk/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israe # a prophet has been among them "the one whom they have refused to listen to was a prophet" - diff --git a/ezk/02/06.md b/ezk/02/06.md index 68031a8d69..cfa994d445 100644 --- a/ezk/02/06.md +++ b/ezk/02/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ A scorpion is a small animal with two front claws, six legs, and a large tail wi # be dismayed by their faces The words "their faces" are a metonym for the message the people express with their faces. Alternate translation: "lose your desire to serve me because of the way they look at you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/02/07.md b/ezk/02/07.md index e8617e9240..837af6efc2 100644 --- a/ezk/02/07.md +++ b/ezk/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues to speak to Ezekiel. # are most rebellious "are very rebellious" or "totally rebel against me" - diff --git a/ezk/02/08.md b/ezk/02/08.md index ab8f5e252b..ef9892c0ec 100644 --- a/ezk/02/08.md +++ b/ezk/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: "people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/02/09.md b/ezk/02/09.md index afb55d45f2..38d12fcc8c 100644 --- a/ezk/02/09.md +++ b/ezk/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It was as if 1) a person in the heavens had extended his hand out toward Ezekiel # a written scroll "a scroll that had writing on it" - diff --git a/ezk/02/10.md b/ezk/02/10.md index c56abce910..8e377af713 100644 --- a/ezk/02/10.md +++ b/ezk/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone had writt # written on it were lamentations, mourning, and woe This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "lamentations," "mourning," and "woe." Alternate translation: "someone had written on it that these people would lament, be sad the way they would be if someone they loved had died, and have bad things happen to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/02/intro.md b/ezk/02/intro.md index 1463494978..c6a4096f26 100644 --- a/ezk/02/intro.md +++ b/ezk/02/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Ezekiel's call continues in this chapter. God appointed Ezekiel to be a prophet but warned him that the people were very rebellious and would not listen to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ezekiel's call continues in this chapter. God appointed Ezekiel to be a prophet * __[Ezekiel 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/03/01.md b/ezk/03/01.md index 8b43c035e2..457901f4aa 100644 --- a/ezk/03/01.md +++ b/ezk/03/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the scroll that God was giving him ([Ezekiel 2:9](../02/09.md)). # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/02.md b/ezk/03/02.md index 4e4f51f5e2..7fd421084c 100644 --- a/ezk/03/02.md +++ b/ezk/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that scroll Many versions have "the scroll" or "this scroll." - diff --git a/ezk/03/03.md b/ezk/03/03.md index 8716d317e4..ecd5840c2d 100644 --- a/ezk/03/03.md +++ b/ezk/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "belly" refers to the part of the body people can see from the outside. # it was as sweet as honey Honey tastes sweet, and the scroll tasted sweet. - diff --git a/ezk/03/04.md b/ezk/03/04.md index ffa3734bd2..c2667c80fb 100644 --- a/ezk/03/04.md +++ b/ezk/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If your language has to identify the one speaking, it would be best to identify # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/05.md b/ezk/03/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/03/05.md +++ b/ezk/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/03/06.md b/ezk/03/06.md index e222632756..4739b5e8b5 100644 --- a/ezk/03/06.md +++ b/ezk/03/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a situation that could have happened, but it did not. Yahweh did not sen # if I sent you to them The word "them" refers to a mighty nation other than Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/03/07.md b/ezk/03/07.md index 22903023f5..584c009e77 100644 --- a/ezk/03/07.md +++ b/ezk/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "unwilling to change" (See: [[rc://en/t # hard hearted This phrase suggests that the people resist God and are unwilling to obey him. The heart is used to describe the place in the body where a person decides what they want to do. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/08.md b/ezk/03/08.md index 0e1121782b..d4bb30fb31 100644 --- a/ezk/03/08.md +++ b/ezk/03/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A hard face is a metaphor for being stubborn. Alternate translation: "I have mad # I have made ... your brow as hard as their brows The "brow" is the forehead or eyebrow and is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate translation: "I have made ... you strong so you will not stop doing what you are doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/09.md b/ezk/03/09.md index 197c994af2..6f410e9b14 100644 --- a/ezk/03/09.md +++ b/ezk/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a stone that is hard enough to start a fire by hitting it with metal or another # house This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: "people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/10.md b/ezk/03/10.md index c4b29fa7ed..11ce9e0c47 100644 --- a/ezk/03/10.md +++ b/ezk/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # take them into your heart and hear them with your ears Here "heart" represents a person's mind. Alternate translation: "remember them and listen carefully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/11.md b/ezk/03/11.md index 78916617d0..ed8f2a57f4 100644 --- a/ezk/03/11.md +++ b/ezk/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "captives" refers to the people of Israel who were living in Babylon. # Lord Yahweh See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md). - diff --git a/ezk/03/12.md b/ezk/03/12.md index a5cebbef5c..f40e90a5ec 100644 --- a/ezk/03/12.md +++ b/ezk/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md). # the sound of a great earthquake "a loud, deep and powerful rumbling sound like the sound of an earthquake" - diff --git a/ezk/03/13.md b/ezk/03/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/03/13.md +++ b/ezk/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/03/14.md b/ezk/03/14.md index ec61932568..443d49a13c 100644 --- a/ezk/03/14.md +++ b/ezk/03/14.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # and I went with bitterness in the anger of my spirit - "and as I went, I felt bitter and my spirit was full of anger" or "and as I went, I was bitter and angry" +"and as I went, I felt bitter and my spirit was full of anger" or "and as I went, I was bitter and angry" # bitterness @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ezekiel speaks of his emotions as if there were a bad taste in his mouth. Possib # the strong hand of Yahweh was on me The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or actions. If needed, it can be stated explicitly how Yahweh's hand was on Ezekiel. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh made Ezekiel feel as he did about the people's sin, or 2) Yahweh was giving Ezekiel power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/15.md b/ezk/03/15.md index 735944df32..eb51177ff2 100644 --- a/ezk/03/15.md +++ b/ezk/03/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a river that people in Chaldea had dug to give water to their gardens. S # overwhelmed in amazement "unable to do anything because I was so amazed" - diff --git a/ezk/03/16.md b/ezk/03/16.md index 1c28a6fcfd..81b1053a10 100644 --- a/ezk/03/16.md +++ b/ezk/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ezekiel tells about his experience at Tel Abib. # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/17.md b/ezk/03/17.md index 5ff92f2c6d..a32e79c350 100644 --- a/ezk/03/17.md +++ b/ezk/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God told Ezekiel to warn the people of Israel just as a watchman would warn the # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/18.md b/ezk/03/18.md index 740b995e40..69d2ce7234 100644 --- a/ezk/03/18.md +++ b/ezk/03/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # require his blood from your hand This is an idiom for holding someone responsible or guilty of murder. Alternate translation: "treat you as if you had murdered him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/19.md b/ezk/03/19.md index 1d7bd76dc8..bd306da343 100644 --- a/ezk/03/19.md +++ b/ezk/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he does not turn from his wickedness or from his wicked deeds The phrase "wicked deeds" means the same thing as "wickedness." Alternate translation: "he does not stop doing wicked things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/20.md b/ezk/03/20.md index b2d1ec0037..dc3a6f0434 100644 --- a/ezk/03/20.md +++ b/ezk/03/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "make something bad happen to him" or 2) "cause him to # I will require his blood from your hand This is an idiom for holding someone responsible or guilty of murder. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate translation: "I will treat you as if you had murdered him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/21.md b/ezk/03/21.md index febc7cac55..36556726cf 100644 --- a/ezk/03/21.md +++ b/ezk/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # since he was warned This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "since you warned him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/22.md b/ezk/03/22.md index 39b3a9b550..9bb1ae6664 100644 --- a/ezk/03/22.md +++ b/ezk/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hand of Yahweh The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. Alternate translation: "the power of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/23.md b/ezk/03/23.md index b9ed11a71c..b2da0a32fa 100644 --- a/ezk/03/23.md +++ b/ezk/03/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a river that people in Chaldea had dug to give water to their gardens. S # I fell on my face "I bowed down to the ground" or "I lay on the ground." Ezekiel did not fall by accident. He went down to the ground to show that he respected and feared Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/24.md b/ezk/03/24.md index b4925d51b7..5a8205b5e9 100644 --- a/ezk/03/24.md +++ b/ezk/03/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he spoke with me If your language has to identify the one speaking, it would be best to identify the speaker as the "one who looked like a man" ([Ezekiel 1:26](../01/26.md)). It was not "the Spirit." - diff --git a/ezk/03/25.md b/ezk/03/25.md index 0f42fe6856..6b9aace44a 100644 --- a/ezk/03/25.md +++ b/ezk/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will place ropes upon you and tie you so you cannot go out among them This is best translated literally. - diff --git a/ezk/03/26.md b/ezk/03/26.md index 287a5dc795..46090f043c 100644 --- a/ezk/03/26.md +++ b/ezk/03/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Spirit continues speaking to Ezekiel. # house This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: "people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/03/27.md b/ezk/03/27.md index bb9d57f53e..9deb4a48a6 100644 --- a/ezk/03/27.md +++ b/ezk/03/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Lord Yahweh See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md). - diff --git a/ezk/03/intro.md b/ezk/03/intro.md index bc61769c1a..eea21aa64c 100644 --- a/ezk/03/intro.md +++ b/ezk/03/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Ezekiel's call concludes in this chapter. God told Ezekiel more about what he should say to the people and how he should say it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ezekiel's call concludes in this chapter. God told Ezekiel more about what he sh * __[Ezekiel 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/04/01.md b/ezk/04/01.md index e1faf13a43..0b46389d64 100644 --- a/ezk/04/01.md +++ b/ezk/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel. He tells Ezekiel to take a brick and dirt # carve the city of Jerusalem You may need to make explicit that Ezekiel is to carve a picture. Alternate translation: "carve a picture of the city of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/04/02.md b/ezk/04/02.md index 7761b76c67..60638f2364 100644 --- a/ezk/04/02.md +++ b/ezk/04/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # Place battering rams all around it "Set around it huge poles people would use to break down the gates and get inside." "Battering rams" are large trees or poles that many men in an army would pick up and hit against a wall or door so they could break it down and get inside. - diff --git a/ezk/04/03.md b/ezk/04/03.md index 9ea191a766..52203f77ef 100644 --- a/ezk/04/03.md +++ b/ezk/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" refers to li # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/04/04.md b/ezk/04/04.md index ee01b76c00..109590dbce 100644 --- a/ezk/04/04.md +++ b/ezk/04/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "you will be guilty of their sin" or 2) "you will be pu # lie down against the house of Israel "lie facing the kingdom of Israel in a hostile manner" - diff --git a/ezk/04/05.md b/ezk/04/05.md index 7e781d8c2e..9d8807e892 100644 --- a/ezk/04/05.md +++ b/ezk/04/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) each year that they will be punished for their sins or # 390 days "three hundred and ninety days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezk/04/06.md b/ezk/04/06.md index a41b6acdf1..e1640ac960 100644 --- a/ezk/04/06.md +++ b/ezk/04/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # I am assigning to you one day for each year "I will make you do this one day for each year that I will punish them" - diff --git a/ezk/04/07.md b/ezk/04/07.md index a10ddf7643..f85a6a2189 100644 --- a/ezk/04/07.md +++ b/ezk/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze. "Set your face" refers to litera # prophesy against it "prophesy about the bad things that will happen to Jerusalem" - diff --git a/ezk/04/08.md b/ezk/04/08.md index a2d81731b5..109ce342df 100644 --- a/ezk/04/08.md +++ b/ezk/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I am placing bonds on you Bonds are ropes or chains that keep a person from moving. It is not clear whether the word "bonds" is a metaphor for something Yahweh does that is as if he had bound Ezekiel or if he is using literal, physical ropes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/04/09.md b/ezk/04/09.md index 492b45f45d..a3d54172bb 100644 --- a/ezk/04/09.md +++ b/ezk/04/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are like beans, but their seeds are very small, round, and somewhat flat. # 390 days "three hundred and ninety days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezk/04/10.md b/ezk/04/10.md index 495c24b88d..bbc9b43542 100644 --- a/ezk/04/10.md +++ b/ezk/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty shekels per day "20 shekels per day." A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: 200 grams of bread each day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/ezk/04/11.md b/ezk/04/11.md index cb362658ef..52bce97348 100644 --- a/ezk/04/11.md +++ b/ezk/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a hin A hin is 3.7 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/ezk/04/12.md b/ezk/04/12.md index b903be673c..c5b8524868 100644 --- a/ezk/04/12.md +++ b/ezk/04/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ flat bread made of barley ([Ezekiel 4:9](../04/09.md)) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # you will bake it on excrement of human dung "you will cook it over a fire made with pieces of human solid waste." Your language may have a way of expressing this politely. - diff --git a/ezk/04/13.md b/ezk/04/13.md index c7515be86c..a419ba8cbc 100644 --- a/ezk/04/13.md +++ b/ezk/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will banish will send away by force - diff --git a/ezk/04/14.md b/ezk/04/14.md index b139612857..4e0ea7df80 100644 --- a/ezk/04/14.md +++ b/ezk/04/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md). Here Ezekiel is speak # foul meat "disgusting, unclean meat." This refers to meat that is unclean because it has come from an animal that has died of sickness or old age or was killed by another animal. The word "foul" shows his disgust over meat like this. - diff --git a/ezk/04/15.md b/ezk/04/15.md index c46a5b203d..6847bc2619 100644 --- a/ezk/04/15.md +++ b/ezk/04/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ solid waste from cows. Your language may have a polite way of expressing this. # human dung solid waste from humans. Your language may have a polite way of expressing this. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 4:12](../04/12.md). - diff --git a/ezk/04/16.md b/ezk/04/16.md index 8129f72e88..b2129c6d07 100644 --- a/ezk/04/16.md +++ b/ezk/04/16.md @@ -25,5 +25,3 @@ giving small amounts of something of which there is not enough to many people # while rationing it in horror The abstract noun "horror" can be expressed with the adjective "afraid" or the adverb "fearfully". Alternate translation: "while being afraid and rationing it" or "while rationing it fearfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - - diff --git a/ezk/04/17.md b/ezk/04/17.md index af0559a737..a858e35b6e 100644 --- a/ezk/04/17.md +++ b/ezk/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "brother" simply refers to another person. Possible meanings are 1 # they will waste away The phrase "waste away" is usually used of flesh or wood rotting. Here it is a metaphor for people becoming thin and dying because they have no food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/04/intro.md b/ezk/04/intro.md index fafa57b50e..f0ade1ece0 100644 --- a/ezk/04/intro.md +++ b/ezk/04/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Ezekiel 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Destruction of Jerusalem -#### Destruction of Jerusalem The destruction of Jerusalem is pictured in this chapter. Ezekiel showed the lack of food and water that would occur during the siege of Jerusalem. ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The destruction of Jerusalem is pictured in this chapter. Ezekiel showed the lac * __[Ezekiel 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/05/01.md b/ezk/05/01.md index d2d0988f2a..c8d12bb599 100644 --- a/ezk/05/01.md +++ b/ezk/05/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel. All instances of "the city" refer to the " # pass the razor over your head and your beard "shave your head and your face" or "remove the hair from your head and the beard from your face" - diff --git a/ezk/05/02.md b/ezk/05/02.md index 02707d8720..44bc26b921 100644 --- a/ezk/05/02.md +++ b/ezk/05/02.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The word "sword" is a metonym for enemy soldiers who will attack with their swor # I will draw out a sword "I will pull a sword out of its container" - diff --git a/ezk/05/03.md b/ezk/05/03.md index 4726a41500..b3053afa8b 100644 --- a/ezk/05/03.md +++ b/ezk/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the hairs. Possible meanings are 1) the hairs were lon # the folds of your robe Possible meanings are 1) "the cloth on your arms" ("your sleeves") or 2) "the end of the cloth on your robe" ("your hem") or 3) the fold in the garment where it is tucked into the belt. - diff --git a/ezk/05/04.md b/ezk/05/04.md index f1758faa6d..792ebbe734 100644 --- a/ezk/05/04.md +++ b/ezk/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the instructions Yahweh gives to Ezekiel beginning with the words # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/05/05.md b/ezk/05/05.md index 956c722d0e..2688c81033 100644 --- a/ezk/05/05.md +++ b/ezk/05/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jerusalem is referred to as "her" and "she." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-per # other lands "the neighboring countries" or "the countries around her" - diff --git a/ezk/05/06.md b/ezk/05/06.md index 283217086a..312bfd0be5 100644 --- a/ezk/05/06.md +++ b/ezk/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have rejected my ordinances "have refused to obey my orders" - diff --git a/ezk/05/07.md b/ezk/05/07.md index 9768d43a9e..67cafeb173 100644 --- a/ezk/05/07.md +++ b/ezk/05/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Walking is a metaphor for the way a person lives. Alternate translation: "have n # or acted according to my decrees "or obeyed my decrees" - diff --git a/ezk/05/08.md b/ezk/05/08.md index 192f0157fd..38e81dcead 100644 --- a/ezk/05/08.md +++ b/ezk/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will execute judgments within your midst "I will judge you in various ways" or "I will punish you" . - diff --git a/ezk/05/09.md b/ezk/05/09.md index 8b82d773fc..aa434e1976 100644 --- a/ezk/05/09.md +++ b/ezk/05/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel and Jerusalem. # because of all your disgusting practices "because of all the disgusting things you do." God was angry because the people were worshiping idols and false gods. - diff --git a/ezk/05/10.md b/ezk/05/10.md index ea4a8877cb..5a3e9047ba 100644 --- a/ezk/05/10.md +++ b/ezk/05/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ezekiel is probably telling what will really happen when the people have no food # scatter to every direction all of you who remain "I will force all of you who remain to go to different places." - diff --git a/ezk/05/11.md b/ezk/05/11.md index 7a8de39561..3c657cff7a 100644 --- a/ezk/05/11.md +++ b/ezk/05/11.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: " # I will not spare you "I will surely punish you" - diff --git a/ezk/05/12.md b/ezk/05/12.md index 8f49a113b1..add992addd 100644 --- a/ezk/05/12.md +++ b/ezk/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will be consumed by famine in your midst "many of them will die because of famine" - diff --git a/ezk/05/13.md b/ezk/05/13.md index 0c7ec287ff..66d743c89c 100644 --- a/ezk/05/13.md +++ b/ezk/05/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You may need to make explicit why Yahweh will be appeased. Alternate translation # when I have completed my fury against them "when I have finished punishing them" - diff --git a/ezk/05/14.md b/ezk/05/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/05/14.md +++ b/ezk/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/05/15.md b/ezk/05/15.md index 1b0a6f9056..7538efc843 100644 --- a/ezk/05/15.md +++ b/ezk/05/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel and Judah. # in wrath and fury The words "wrath" and "fury" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is very angry. Alternate translation: "because I will be very angry with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/05/16.md b/ezk/05/16.md index 4c739ae74b..c51b6af822 100644 --- a/ezk/05/16.md +++ b/ezk/05/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "arrows" is a metonym for the sharp pains that people feel when they ha # break your staff of bread A "staff" was something that people leaned upon to support them. This phrase is a metaphor that means removing the supply of food that the people were depending upon. See how "staff of bread" is translated in [Ezekiel 4:16](../04/16.md). Alternate translation: "cut off your food supply" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/05/17.md b/ezk/05/17.md index e3e00f8c34..286fdd5550 100644 --- a/ezk/05/17.md +++ b/ezk/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Plague and blood will pass through you Sickness and violent death are spoken of as if they were soldiers going through the city killing everyone they could. Alternate translation: "Many people will die of disease, and many others will die in war" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ezk/05/intro.md b/ezk/05/intro.md index 04d8a2a8e7..345d645bfb 100644 --- a/ezk/05/intro.md +++ b/ezk/05/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # Ezekiel 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The destruction of Jerusalem -The destruction of Jerusalem is continued to be pictured in this chapter. Ezekiel showed the destruction of Jerusalem by fire and war. +### The destruction of Jerusalem + +The destruction of Jerusalem is continued to be pictured in this chapter. Ezekiel showed the destruction of Jerusalem by fire and war. ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/06/01.md b/ezk/06/01.md index 9a75e4c5c5..dfed885f0b 100644 --- a/ezk/06/01.md +++ b/ezk/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is telling Ezekiel to speak to the mountains as if they were people so th # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/06/02.md b/ezk/06/02.md index c8f3d3d4de..8b7aa26010 100644 --- a/ezk/06/02.md +++ b/ezk/06/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # the mountains of Israel "the mountains in the land of Israel" - diff --git a/ezk/06/03.md b/ezk/06/03.md index 1dea0d3658..6325630088 100644 --- a/ezk/06/03.md +++ b/ezk/06/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md). # I am bringing a sword against you The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate translation: "I am bringing soldiers to come and kill you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/06/04.md b/ezk/06/04.md index 381a48e01f..2af2fa2c09 100644 --- a/ezk/06/04.md +++ b/ezk/06/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh was speaking of sending soldiers ([Ezekiel 6:3](../06/03.md)) to do these # your dead "your people who have died" - diff --git a/ezk/06/05.md b/ezk/06/05.md index 4624d24058..59da5d5f1f 100644 --- a/ezk/06/05.md +++ b/ezk/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will lay ... and scatter Yahweh was speaking of sending soldiers ([Ezekiel 6:3](../06/03.md)) to do these things. Alternate translation: "I will send soldiers to lay ... and scatter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/06/06.md b/ezk/06/06.md index 41878edb59..a9762a571e 100644 --- a/ezk/06/06.md +++ b/ezk/06/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. See how you translated "pillars" in [Ezek # your works will be wiped away This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will remember what you have done" or "they will destroy everything you have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/06/07.md b/ezk/06/07.md index 56bfe2531c..f282e275cb 100644 --- a/ezk/06/07.md +++ b/ezk/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/06/08.md b/ezk/06/08.md index a07cf5d6ad..312f2bc68e 100644 --- a/ezk/06/08.md +++ b/ezk/06/08.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "when I scatter yo # throughout the lands -You may need to treat this as a metonym for living among the people who live in those other lands or countries. Life would be hard for the Jews in other lands or countries because the people there would persecute them. Alternate translation: "among the peoples of other countries" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) \ No newline at end of file +You may need to treat this as a metonym for living among the people who live in those other lands or countries. Life would be hard for the Jews in other lands or countries because the people there would persecute them. Alternate translation: "among the peoples of other countries" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/ezk/06/09.md b/ezk/06/09.md index ed3c59493b..155ccd3283 100644 --- a/ezk/06/09.md +++ b/ezk/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the Israelites as if they were a married woman who looks at oth # they will show loathing on their face for the wickedness which they have committed Possible meanings are 1) "their faces will show that they hate themselves because of the wicked things they have done" or 2) "their faces will show that they hate the wicked things that they have done." - diff --git a/ezk/06/10.md b/ezk/06/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/06/10.md +++ b/ezk/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/06/11.md b/ezk/06/11.md index d3e398f2b3..d628c351d2 100644 --- a/ezk/06/11.md +++ b/ezk/06/11.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # they will fall by sword, famine, and plague. To "fall" is a euphemism for to "die." The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate translation: - diff --git a/ezk/06/12.md b/ezk/06/12.md index 6687a9cbb7..eed160ddf0 100644 --- a/ezk/06/12.md +++ b/ezk/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will accomplish my fury against them "I will satisfy my anger against them" or "I will punish them until I am no longer angry" - diff --git a/ezk/06/13.md b/ezk/06/13.md index c91417bc64..512334de93 100644 --- a/ezk/06/13.md +++ b/ezk/06/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ healthy and growing # oak a large tree with strong wood that provided shade for worshipers - diff --git a/ezk/06/14.md b/ezk/06/14.md index dab2878c22..1032def5a4 100644 --- a/ezk/06/14.md +++ b/ezk/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Diblah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/06/intro.md b/ezk/06/intro.md index 77705a74e3..2f01f0d7e9 100644 --- a/ezk/06/intro.md +++ b/ezk/06/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Ezekiel 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Shrines on the hill tops +### Shrines on the hill tops -God will destroy all those who have been worshiping idols at the hill top shrines. +God will destroy all those who have been worshiping idols at the hill top shrines. ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/07/01.md b/ezk/07/01.md index 2fb846df5d..a9d2384fc3 100644 --- a/ezk/07/01.md +++ b/ezk/07/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This starts God's prophecy of judgment on Israel. # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/02.md b/ezk/07/02.md index 36429e01c2..75ae6ccfbd 100644 --- a/ezk/07/02.md +++ b/ezk/07/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "land" is a metonym for the people who live on the land. Alternate tran # the four borders of the land "the entire land" The "four borders" are to the north, east, south, and west. - diff --git a/ezk/07/03.md b/ezk/07/03.md index 38c694c587..a8cb79d830 100644 --- a/ezk/07/03.md +++ b/ezk/07/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The "end" is spoken of as if it were a robber attacking the people. Alternate tr # I will bring all your abominations upon you "I will punish you for doing those things that I hate so much" - diff --git a/ezk/07/04.md b/ezk/07/04.md index 814f092ef8..56e92614fe 100644 --- a/ezk/07/04.md +++ b/ezk/07/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "I will punish all of you because of your abominations" # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/05.md b/ezk/07/05.md index e9e5cbe879..0a1f7cd02a 100644 --- a/ezk/07/05.md +++ b/ezk/07/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These exclamations are meant to make the passage very strong. Alternate translat # Behold, it "You can be absolutely sure that it" - diff --git a/ezk/07/06.md b/ezk/07/06.md index e79ed08690..f7989c2198 100644 --- a/ezk/07/06.md +++ b/ezk/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The end has woken up against you The judgment that is coming is treated as if it were an enemy waking up from sleep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/07.md b/ezk/07/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/07/07.md +++ b/ezk/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/07/08.md b/ezk/07/08.md index 9d520c6453..306ddf1262 100644 --- a/ezk/07/08.md +++ b/ezk/07/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh uses the terms "pour out" and "fill up" to speak of his anger as if it we # fury "wrath" or "great anger" - diff --git a/ezk/07/09.md b/ezk/07/09.md index da283ee689..7f22779880 100644 --- a/ezk/07/09.md +++ b/ezk/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: " # your abominations will be in your midst so you will know that I am Yahweh See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 7:4](../07/04.md). - diff --git a/ezk/07/10.md b/ezk/07/10.md index 8c8756f10c..b4a86bd100 100644 --- a/ezk/07/10.md +++ b/ezk/07/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are Yahweh's words about Israel. # The rod has blossomed, arrogance has budded Possible meanings are 1) "The people of Israel have grown very proud" or "The people of Israel have become very violent and very proud." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/11.md b/ezk/07/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/07/11.md +++ b/ezk/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/07/12.md b/ezk/07/12.md index af47a67eae..ee7c7d5034 100644 --- a/ezk/07/12.md +++ b/ezk/07/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Both "The time" and "the day" refer to the time when God will punish the people # multitude a very large number of people. Here it refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/07/13.md b/ezk/07/13.md index 0818ad6096..8adb9e1e0e 100644 --- a/ezk/07/13.md +++ b/ezk/07/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ as long as "the buyer" and "the seller" (7:12) both live # none of them will be strengthened This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not strengthen any of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/14.md b/ezk/07/14.md index 46eadf13ad..feb5f45f41 100644 --- a/ezk/07/14.md +++ b/ezk/07/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are Yahweh's words about Israel. # my anger is on the entire multitude "I am angry with the whole multitude." See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 7:12](../07/12.md). - diff --git a/ezk/07/15.md b/ezk/07/15.md index 7c67fe5915..4dba262571 100644 --- a/ezk/07/15.md +++ b/ezk/07/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the city # while famine and plague will consume those in the city The word "consume" is a metaphor for "totally destroy." Alternate translation: "and most of the people in the city will die from hunger and sickness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/16.md b/ezk/07/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/07/16.md +++ b/ezk/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/07/17.md b/ezk/07/17.md index 5b8038e007..bbbe24b846 100644 --- a/ezk/07/17.md +++ b/ezk/07/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Another possible translation is, "every knee will flow with water," a euphemism # knee ... weak as water Water cannot stand up, and the people's knees will be so weak that the people are unable to stand on their legs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/18.md b/ezk/07/18.md index bf2bb9a25b..67eb0a0175 100644 --- a/ezk/07/18.md +++ b/ezk/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Trembling, a metonym for terror, is spoken of as if it were clothing. Alternate # baldness on all of their heads Shaving the head was a sign of sadness. Alternate translation: "all of them will shave their heads" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/19.md b/ezk/07/19.md index ab1034736d..84f1ef3f4b 100644 --- a/ezk/07/19.md +++ b/ezk/07/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will not be # their iniquity has become a stumbling block Possible meanings are 1) "because having a lot of gold and silver has led them to sin" or 2) "because they are evil, they are committing sins that show how evil they are." - diff --git a/ezk/07/20.md b/ezk/07/20.md index c55fde4cf1..920dd97369 100644 --- a/ezk/07/20.md +++ b/ezk/07/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are Yahweh's words about Israel. # with them with the jeweled ornaments - diff --git a/ezk/07/21.md b/ezk/07/21.md index 53bb16ba7a..97fc75b4e3 100644 --- a/ezk/07/21.md +++ b/ezk/07/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ things that are stolen or taken by force # they will defile them The strangers and wicked people will defile the idols that the people of Israel had made. - diff --git a/ezk/07/22.md b/ezk/07/22.md index fdbb406dce..448f023469 100644 --- a/ezk/07/22.md +++ b/ezk/07/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # bandits violent people who steal and destroy - diff --git a/ezk/07/23.md b/ezk/07/23.md index 4f88ae29f8..a1181b1d4d 100644 --- a/ezk/07/23.md +++ b/ezk/07/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "everywhere in the country God is judging people becaus # the city is full of violence The city is spoken of as if it were a container, and violence is spoken of as an object that can be put in a container. The abstract noun "violence" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "violence is everywhere in the city" or "many people in the city are doing violent things to others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/24.md b/ezk/07/24.md index b194d26052..2051e24bb5 100644 --- a/ezk/07/24.md +++ b/ezk/07/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "enemies will defi # their holy places the places in which they worshiped idols - diff --git a/ezk/07/25.md b/ezk/07/25.md index 7d55eb82fa..67d2a3ebbd 100644 --- a/ezk/07/25.md +++ b/ezk/07/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # but there will be none "but they will be unable to make peace with their enemies" - diff --git a/ezk/07/26.md b/ezk/07/26.md index 97d81d2ff0..e8ede2e350 100644 --- a/ezk/07/26.md +++ b/ezk/07/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Disaster is spoken of as if it could move by itself. Alternate translation: "One # the law will perish from the priest and advice from the elders "The priests will not teach the law, and the elders will not be able to give good advice." This is because God will not give them wisdom. - diff --git a/ezk/07/27.md b/ezk/07/27.md index 81af17dd6b..c91f6bbef1 100644 --- a/ezk/07/27.md +++ b/ezk/07/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) clothing is a metonym for what a person feels, "will ha # the hands of the people of the land will tremble in fear The word "hands" is a synecdoche for the people. Alternate translation: "the people of the land will be so afraid that their hands will tremble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/07/intro.md b/ezk/07/intro.md index a982ddd8ce..044f1d6e3d 100644 --- a/ezk/07/intro.md +++ b/ezk/07/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 07 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Now is the time for punishment +### Now is the time for punishment The people will be punished severely for their idol worship and the temple will be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ The people will be punished severely for their idol worship and the temple will * __[Ezekiel 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/08/01.md b/ezk/08/01.md index 152a82cac6..0abf05fd6f 100644 --- a/ezk/08/01.md +++ b/ezk/08/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md). # fell upon "took hold of" - diff --git a/ezk/08/02.md b/ezk/08/02.md index b22a740e18..972aa03a3a 100644 --- a/ezk/08/02.md +++ b/ezk/08/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ When metal is very hot, it glows with a yellow or orange light. # the appearance of his hips ... the appearance of something shining The abstract noun "appearance" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "what appeared to be his hips ... what appeared to be something shining" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/08/03.md b/ezk/08/03.md index 65f5c6aa87..0f6149192b 100644 --- a/ezk/08/03.md +++ b/ezk/08/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The words "in visions" mean that this experience is happening in Ezekiel's thoug # the idol that provokes great jealousy "the idol that causes God to be very jealous" - diff --git a/ezk/08/04.md b/ezk/08/04.md index d1f9ee01d9..4666e609f4 100644 --- a/ezk/08/04.md +++ b/ezk/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "who looked the same as what I had seen in the vision t # the plain a large area of flat land that has few trees. - diff --git a/ezk/08/05.md b/ezk/08/05.md index 5a3fa68480..7ac052dcfd 100644 --- a/ezk/08/05.md +++ b/ezk/08/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom means that he should look towards something. Alternate translation: " # gate leading to the altar "gate through which people would walk so they could go to the altar" - diff --git a/ezk/08/06.md b/ezk/08/06.md index f869420da4..012beb4274 100644 --- a/ezk/08/06.md +++ b/ezk/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God uses this question to bring Ezekiel's attention to what the people were doin # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/08/07.md b/ezk/08/07.md index cd7de19b56..5118cd1825 100644 --- a/ezk/08/07.md +++ b/ezk/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the courtyard You may need to make explicit which courtyard. "the temple courtyard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/08/08.md b/ezk/08/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/08/08.md +++ b/ezk/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/08/09.md b/ezk/08/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/08/09.md +++ b/ezk/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/08/10.md b/ezk/08/10.md index a82092a287..b4dc5c1292 100644 --- a/ezk/08/10.md +++ b/ezk/08/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word shows that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw. Your language may hav # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/08/11.md b/ezk/08/11.md index 0597311cfd..e54db6c19c 100644 --- a/ezk/08/11.md +++ b/ezk/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # censer a pan that people burn incense in when they worship God or false gods - diff --git a/ezk/08/12.md b/ezk/08/12.md index 3dd01783ae..6fede11eb9 100644 --- a/ezk/08/12.md +++ b/ezk/08/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # the hidden chamber of his idol "the room where no one can see him worship his idol" - diff --git a/ezk/08/13.md b/ezk/08/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/08/13.md +++ b/ezk/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/08/14.md b/ezk/08/14.md index a983c9dbb8..2d360f32ef 100644 --- a/ezk/08/14.md +++ b/ezk/08/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word shows that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw. # mourning for Tammuz grieving because the false god Tammuz had died (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/08/15.md b/ezk/08/15.md index 3a90df14dc..eac82f17ed 100644 --- a/ezk/08/15.md +++ b/ezk/08/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you see this ... man? Yahweh is commanding Ezekiel to think about what he has just seen. Alternate translation: "Think about this ... man." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/08/16.md b/ezk/08/16.md index 42664a0144..4c1c40601e 100644 --- a/ezk/08/16.md +++ b/ezk/08/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support # their faces toward the east "they were looking toward the east" - diff --git a/ezk/08/17.md b/ezk/08/17.md index a1391ac63b..fd3bd62bce 100644 --- a/ezk/08/17.md +++ b/ezk/08/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # putting the branch to their noses Possible meanings are 1) the people were using the branches in false worship or 2) the people were using the branches to show rebellion against Yahweh. The words "branch to ... noses" may be a literal tree branch and literal noses, or they could be the term for a hand gesture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/08/18.md b/ezk/08/18.md index 1ff8ac4fd7..622396836b 100644 --- a/ezk/08/18.md +++ b/ezk/08/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: " # I will not hear them "I will not listen to them" - diff --git a/ezk/08/intro.md b/ezk/08/intro.md index e1bd894ee9..88ea48766e 100644 --- a/ezk/08/intro.md +++ b/ezk/08/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Ezekiel 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Judah's sin +### Judah's sin -The people have contaminated the temple with their worship of other gods and through their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +The people have contaminated the temple with their worship of other gods and through their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/09/01.md b/ezk/09/01.md index 62a98985ae..2ffe615385 100644 --- a/ezk/09/01.md +++ b/ezk/09/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the "figure like a man" ([Ezekiel 8:2](../08/02.md)) cried # weapon of destruction weapon for destroying people or things - diff --git a/ezk/09/02.md b/ezk/09/02.md index c8deecec44..4a468cbd1b 100644 --- a/ezk/09/02.md +++ b/ezk/09/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ tools that scribes write with # bronze A dark gold-colored metal. It is made from mostly copper with tin added for strength. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/ezk/09/03.md b/ezk/09/03.md index eead9e31e8..6c52fb6a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/09/03.md +++ b/ezk/09/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.md). # scribe's equipment tools that scribes write with. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.md). - diff --git a/ezk/09/04.md b/ezk/09/04.md index 3edb82e68f..3d53b80f26 100644 --- a/ezk/09/04.md +++ b/ezk/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are sounds people make when they feel very sad or grieved about something. # the abominations being performed in the midst of the city "the horrible things being done in the city" or "the detestable things that people are doing in the city - diff --git a/ezk/09/05.md b/ezk/09/05.md index e7fe7e3a7e..4a51a141d4 100644 --- a/ezk/09/05.md +++ b/ezk/09/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: " # do not spare "do not refrain from killing" - diff --git a/ezk/09/06.md b/ezk/09/06.md index f205cefa0e..9817b7d06a 100644 --- a/ezk/09/06.md +++ b/ezk/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit what the people are to begin to do at the sanctuar # the elders Possible meanings are 1) the "seventy elders of the house of Israel" ([Ezekiel 8:11](../08/11.md)) or 2) any "old man" (see the beginning of the verse). - diff --git a/ezk/09/07.md b/ezk/09/07.md index f1a34e2f77..99f888ab50 100644 --- a/ezk/09/07.md +++ b/ezk/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the temple # attacked the city The word "city" is a metonym for the people in the city. Alternate translation: "attacked the people in the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/09/08.md b/ezk/09/08.md index aa9b69b6ff..cbcd6b6f89 100644 --- a/ezk/09/08.md +++ b/ezk/09/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Ezekiel is pleading with Yahweh not to destroy the remnant. Alternate translatio # in the outpouring of your wrath on Jerusalem Wrath is spoken of as if it were a liquid that Yahweh could pour out of a container. The word "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the people in the city. The abstract noun "outpouring" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "when you pour out your wrath on Jerusalem" or "when you punish the people of Jerusalem because you are very angry with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/09/09.md b/ezk/09/09.md index a2c619cbe1..217e319d97 100644 --- a/ezk/09/09.md +++ b/ezk/09/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # The land is full of blood and the city full of perversions Here "land" is spoken of as if it were a container filled with blood. Here "blood" is metonym for murder. And "city" is spoken of as if it were a container and "perversions" were the contents inside of it. Alternate translation: "All over the land people are killing innocent people, and all over the city people are doing wicked things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/09/10.md b/ezk/09/10.md index 1d0b71a2a4..90c6bc9af2 100644 --- a/ezk/09/10.md +++ b/ezk/09/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: " # I will bring their deeds upon their heads To bring deeds upon someone's head means to punish them for bad conduct. Alternate translation: "I will punish them as they deserve" - diff --git a/ezk/09/11.md b/ezk/09/11.md index 760e7a23b8..3c10394535 100644 --- a/ezk/09/11.md +++ b/ezk/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a strong, smooth cloth made from a plant. It is worn by many people in places th # He reported and said "He reported to Yahweh and told him" - diff --git a/ezk/09/intro.md b/ezk/09/intro.md index 6687f20522..8c5d8267d6 100644 --- a/ezk/09/intro.md +++ b/ezk/09/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Sorrow over sin +### Sorrow over sin God was looking for people who were sad that there was so much evil being done. Yahweh would keep these faithful people from being killed with the rest of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ God was looking for people who were sad that there was so much evil being done. * __[Ezekiel 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/10/01.md b/ezk/10/01.md index 0b38d9bf44..4d956a4b99 100644 --- a/ezk/10/01.md +++ b/ezk/10/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a valuable blue or green gemstone # with the appearance of the likeness of a throne "that looked like something that looked like a throne." Ezekiel is not willing to say for sure that it looked like a throne. - diff --git a/ezk/10/02.md b/ezk/10/02.md index a2667e0da1..25ebed4a42 100644 --- a/ezk/10/02.md +++ b/ezk/10/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Coals are the burned pieces of wood left over after a fire. They are black, but # scatter them over the city "sprinkle them over the city" or "spread them over the city" - diff --git a/ezk/10/03.md b/ezk/10/03.md index 602dbe66d4..92f9edde98 100644 --- a/ezk/10/03.md +++ b/ezk/10/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ As one faces east, "the right side" is toward the south. Alternate translation: # the house the temple - diff --git a/ezk/10/04.md b/ezk/10/04.md index 80499d4ae8..f6c9b031d0 100644 --- a/ezk/10/04.md +++ b/ezk/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md). # It filled the glory of Yahweh filled - diff --git a/ezk/10/05.md b/ezk/10/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/10/05.md +++ b/ezk/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/10/06.md b/ezk/10/06.md index 688522aed9..11b98501ee 100644 --- a/ezk/10/06.md +++ b/ezk/10/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate "linen" as in [Ezekiel 9:1](../09/01.md). # beside a wheel Translate "wheel" as in [Ezekiel 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/ezk/10/07.md b/ezk/10/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/10/07.md +++ b/ezk/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/10/08.md b/ezk/10/08.md index 30fa272d91..1069428e8d 100644 --- a/ezk/10/08.md +++ b/ezk/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I saw on the cherubim something like a man's hand under their wings "I saw that the cherubim had something like a man's hand under their wings" - diff --git a/ezk/10/09.md b/ezk/10/09.md index e9e433c171..2d597c5c7c 100644 --- a/ezk/10/09.md +++ b/ezk/10/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "appearance" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translatio # beryl stone "Beryl" here is a very hard, valuable stone. This beryl was probably green or blue. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/ezk/10/10.md b/ezk/10/10.md index adadfce44a..b994d71500 100644 --- a/ezk/10/10.md +++ b/ezk/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "appearance" can be translated as a verb. The abstract noun "l # a wheel intersecting another wheel The word "intersecting" means "crossing" or "passing through." - diff --git a/ezk/10/11.md b/ezk/10/11.md index 4386853c18..56148260d2 100644 --- a/ezk/10/11.md +++ b/ezk/10/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "their" refers to the creatures. Alternate translation: # whatever direction the head faced, they followed Possible meanings for "the head" are 1) this refers to the winged creatures. Alternate translation: "they went in whatever direction the winged creatures were looking" or 2) this refers to the front wheel. Alternate translation: "they followed in whatever direction the front wheel went" - diff --git a/ezk/10/12.md b/ezk/10/12.md index aaf4d51050..56ca453288 100644 --- a/ezk/10/12.md +++ b/ezk/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wheels Translate the word "wheels" as in [Ezekiel 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/ezk/10/13.md b/ezk/10/13.md index abeff7e0b1..e9ac15c96c 100644 --- a/ezk/10/13.md +++ b/ezk/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the wheels were called, "Whirling." The word "Whirling" means "Spinning." Here it is the name of the wheels. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone called the wheels, 'Whirling.'" or "the name of the wheels was 'Whirling.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/10/14.md b/ezk/10/14.md index 2cc47c6ea4..20ff7d7426 100644 --- a/ezk/10/14.md +++ b/ezk/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They had four faces each "Each cherub had four faces" or "Each of the cherubim had four faces." Each creature had a face on the front, a face on the back, and a face on each side of its head. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:6](../01/06.md). - diff --git a/ezk/10/15.md b/ezk/10/15.md index ff5780fe25..56d5014dde 100644 --- a/ezk/10/15.md +++ b/ezk/10/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:13](../01/13.md). # rose up "went up into the air" - diff --git a/ezk/10/16.md b/ezk/10/16.md index c0813cd500..33f13b0f26 100644 --- a/ezk/10/16.md +++ b/ezk/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They still stayed beside them "The wheels stayed with the cherubim." Alternate translation: "The wheels moved with the cherubim" - diff --git a/ezk/10/17.md b/ezk/10/17.md index 026d4865a2..dd582b8c74 100644 --- a/ezk/10/17.md +++ b/ezk/10/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels Possible meanings are 1) Ezekiel is speaking of the "creatures" of verse 15 as if they were one creature. Alternate translation: "the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels" or 2) Ezekiel is using an idiom. Alternate translation: "the spirit of life was in the wheels" or "the living spirit was in the wheels" or 3) the spirit in the creatures and in the wheels is the same. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "the same spirit that gave life to the creatures also gave life to the wheels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/10/18.md b/ezk/10/18.md index f2c25a91d1..f573b83e97 100644 --- a/ezk/10/18.md +++ b/ezk/10/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the temple # stood over "stayed over" or "waited over" - diff --git a/ezk/10/19.md b/ezk/10/19.md index a59bd864a3..923215c618 100644 --- a/ezk/10/19.md +++ b/ezk/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # came upon them from above "went above the cherubim" - diff --git a/ezk/10/20.md b/ezk/10/20.md index f7f1d2df29..c4ef492411 100644 --- a/ezk/10/20.md +++ b/ezk/10/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:13](../01/13.md). # the Kebar Canal This is a river that people in Chaldea had dug to give water to their gardens. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:1](../01/01.md). - diff --git a/ezk/10/21.md b/ezk/10/21.md index 5e1cd6f78b..b79d318ad6 100644 --- a/ezk/10/21.md +++ b/ezk/10/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the likeness of human hands Here the abstract noun "likeness" means that what Ezekiel saw looked like human hands. The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "something that looked like human hands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/10/22.md b/ezk/10/22.md index 76c3beee3e..b23c54c6e0 100644 --- a/ezk/10/22.md +++ b/ezk/10/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "likeness" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate t # went straight ahead "faced forward" or "looked directly ahead" - diff --git a/ezk/10/intro.md b/ezk/10/intro.md index bf631c2d7e..de85f65408 100644 --- a/ezk/10/intro.md +++ b/ezk/10/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Ezekiel 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The throne +### The throne Ezekiel once again saw and described the throne, its wheels, and the cherubim. See also his description in Ezekiel 1. -#### Symbolism +### Symbolism God told the man dressed in lenin to take coals from between the wheels of the throne and scatter them over the city of Jerusalem. This was a symbolic action that showed God's judgment against the city and that it would be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) -#### God left the temple +### God left the temple God now abandoned Jerusalem and left the temple. This was devastating to the religious life of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ God now abandoned Jerusalem and left the temple. This was devastating to the rel * __[Ezekiel 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/11/01.md b/ezk/11/01.md index e09264bb35..46f6b78f6d 100644 --- a/ezk/11/01.md +++ b/ezk/11/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # among them "among the twenty-five men" - diff --git a/ezk/11/02.md b/ezk/11/02.md index 69d70577f8..fef45e8aec 100644 --- a/ezk/11/02.md +++ b/ezk/11/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision. # Son of man "Son of a human being" or "Son of humanity." God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: "Mortal person" or "Human" - diff --git a/ezk/11/03.md b/ezk/11/03.md index 126bb70ad7..87f1d478fd 100644 --- a/ezk/11/03.md +++ b/ezk/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people speak of themselves as if they were good cuts of meat and of the city # the pot Possible meanings are 1) a pot for storing meat or 2) a pot for cooking meat. - diff --git a/ezk/11/04.md b/ezk/11/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/11/04.md +++ b/ezk/11/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/11/05.md b/ezk/11/05.md index 59a94c7917..31a2f7b077 100644 --- a/ezk/11/05.md +++ b/ezk/11/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Ezekiel speaks of the Spirit of Yahweh inspiring and empowering him to prophesy # house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "Israelites" or "Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/06.md b/ezk/11/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/11/06.md +++ b/ezk/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/11/07.md b/ezk/11/07.md index d0368cd9e3..8d9a431d40 100644 --- a/ezk/11/07.md +++ b/ezk/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people whom they have killed as if they were good cuts of m # But you are going to be brought out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But I am going to bring you out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/08.md b/ezk/11/08.md index 73e436e918..3d118ad09d 100644 --- a/ezk/11/08.md +++ b/ezk/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Israel. # this is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/09.md b/ezk/11/09.md index 9544b1a5bb..f0ce62d94e 100644 --- a/ezk/11/09.md +++ b/ezk/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # put you into the hands of foreigners Here the metonym "hands" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "put you into the power of foreigners" or "enable foreigners to capture you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/10.md b/ezk/11/10.md index 2de8d10ab4..fe3edc402b 100644 --- a/ezk/11/10.md +++ b/ezk/11/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alterna # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/11.md b/ezk/11/11.md index f627a2bbb2..cad0ed5d8b 100644 --- a/ezk/11/11.md +++ b/ezk/11/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people had spoken of themselves as if they were good cuts of meat and of the # within the borders of Israel "in the land of Israel" - diff --git a/ezk/11/12.md b/ezk/11/12.md index 68ef07bc23..e414b34709 100644 --- a/ezk/11/12.md +++ b/ezk/11/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whose statutes you have not walked in Yahweh speaks of obeying as if it were walking, and statutes as if they were a road. Alternate translation: "whose statutes you have not obeyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/13.md b/ezk/11/13.md index 2747c108c3..9d2dc8c541 100644 --- a/ezk/11/13.md +++ b/ezk/11/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 11:1](../11/0 # Alas, Lord Yahweh The word "Alas" is an exclamation that expresses fear and sadness. Alternate translation: "Oh no, Lord Yahweh" or "Ah, Lord Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/14.md b/ezk/11/14.md index bf746d6241..1d4e483355 100644 --- a/ezk/11/14.md +++ b/ezk/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/15.md b/ezk/11/15.md index 65a3513929..954c3a45a4 100644 --- a/ezk/11/15.md +++ b/ezk/11/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some versions have "All of them are those to whom" # This land was given to us as our possession This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has given this land to us as our possession" or "This land has become our possession" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/16.md b/ezk/11/16.md index cf35256484..ab973630fc 100644 --- a/ezk/11/16.md +++ b/ezk/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh gives this message to Ezekiel about the Israelites who were in exile. # I have been a sanctuary for them Yahweh speaks of dwelling among the people who are in exile as if he were a sanctuary for them. Alternate translation: "I have been with them" or "I have been like their place of worship" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/17.md b/ezk/11/17.md index ee1a0f292f..c8dd502a1b 100644 --- a/ezk/11/17.md +++ b/ezk/11/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The repetition emphasizes the s # where you were scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "where I scattered you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/18.md b/ezk/11/18.md index 37786afcc4..8bcf2806d8 100644 --- a/ezk/11/18.md +++ b/ezk/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words have similar meanings and emphasize that God will remove all the ido # every detestable thing This means things that cause hatred or disgust. Here it refers to idols. - diff --git a/ezk/11/19.md b/ezk/11/19.md index d44b3093bf..e3f4e0901a 100644 --- a/ezk/11/19.md +++ b/ezk/11/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the metonym "spirit" represents the thoughts and disposition. Yahweh speaks # I will take out the heart of stone from their flesh and give them a heart of flesh Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had a stone heart and of their being willingly obedient as if they had a heart of flesh. He speaks of causing them to become willingly obedient as if he were exchanging those two hearts. Alternate translation: "I will cause them to stop being stubborn and instead cause them to obey me willingly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/20.md b/ezk/11/20.md index 7e29274e3b..27224d6840 100644 --- a/ezk/11/20.md +++ b/ezk/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Each of these phrases have similar meanings and describes the people as obeying # they will walk in my statutes Yahweh speaks of obeying his statutes as if it were walking in them, like a person would walk along a road. Alternate translation: "they will obey my statutes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/21.md b/ezk/11/21.md index 166386facd..025583c55e 100644 --- a/ezk/11/21.md +++ b/ezk/11/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means things that cause hatred or disgust. Here it refers to idols. See how # I will bring their conduct on their own heads Here the metonym "conduct" represents the consequences of their actions. The idiom "bring ... on their own heads" means they will experience these consequences. Alternate translation: "I will cause them to suffer the consequences of their actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/22.md b/ezk/11/22.md index 57703d796a..2aef84a634 100644 --- a/ezk/11/22.md +++ b/ezk/11/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The cherubim and the glory of God leave the temple and city. # cherubim See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:3](../09/03.md). - diff --git a/ezk/11/23.md b/ezk/11/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/11/23.md +++ b/ezk/11/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/11/24.md b/ezk/11/24.md index 5626efa780..a7ba31c6cd 100644 --- a/ezk/11/24.md +++ b/ezk/11/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the vision that I had seen went up from upon me Ezekiel speaks of the vision ending as if the vision was an object that had been upon him and then left him. Alternate translation: "the vision that I had seen ended" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/11/25.md b/ezk/11/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/11/25.md +++ b/ezk/11/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/11/intro.md b/ezk/11/intro.md index f801f7aa8a..8e188ea30c 100644 --- a/ezk/11/intro.md +++ b/ezk/11/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Ezekiel 11 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Safety +### Safety The people were trusting Jerusalem to keep them safe. But God was going to pull them out of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor The people in Jerusalem used the metaphor "this city is the pot and we are the meat in the pot" meaning they were safe in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The people in Jerusalem used the metaphor "this city is the pot and we are the m * __[Ezekiel 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/12/01.md b/ezk/12/01.md index bf746d6241..1d4e483355 100644 --- a/ezk/12/01.md +++ b/ezk/12/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/02.md b/ezk/12/02.md index 29a097d8d8..9ffa2096e4 100644 --- a/ezk/12/02.md +++ b/ezk/12/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # they have eyes to see but they do not see ... they have ears to hear but do not listen People being unable to understand Yahweh's message and what he is doing is spoken of as if the people were unable physically to see and hear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/03.md b/ezk/12/03.md index 82e28b23d9..9064e28e87 100644 --- a/ezk/12/03.md +++ b/ezk/12/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ People being able to understand Yahweh's message and what he is doing is spoken # a rebellious house The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: "a rebellious people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/04.md b/ezk/12/04.md index 9e1d7d8f77..87b6f47aa0 100644 --- a/ezk/12/04.md +++ b/ezk/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God is speaking to Ezekiel and describing how he should act out the parable. # in their sight "as they watch" - diff --git a/ezk/12/05.md b/ezk/12/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/12/05.md +++ b/ezk/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/12/06.md b/ezk/12/06.md index e66c08685a..2460183dd8 100644 --- a/ezk/12/06.md +++ b/ezk/12/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "sign" refers to something that communicates a special warning to # house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/07.md b/ezk/12/07.md index d281c750b3..260af93fec 100644 --- a/ezk/12/07.md +++ b/ezk/12/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "just as Yahweh comman # in the dark "at night" - diff --git a/ezk/12/08.md b/ezk/12/08.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/12/08.md +++ b/ezk/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/09.md b/ezk/12/09.md index ae2fa8449f..8ef99353ba 100644 --- a/ezk/12/09.md +++ b/ezk/12/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # What are you doing Since the people had seen what Ezekiel was doing, their question implies their desire to know the reason why he was doing it. Alternate translation: "What is the meaning of the things you are doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/10.md b/ezk/12/10.md index b03c4cf530..8e916b2969 100644 --- a/ezk/12/10.md +++ b/ezk/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in whose midst they are The phrase "in whose midst" refers to Jerusalem, while "they" refers to the "house of Israel." Alternate translation: "who are in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/11.md b/ezk/12/11.md index b77c9b1c5a..b63b3cc4df 100644 --- a/ezk/12/11.md +++ b/ezk/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "sign" refers to something that communicates a special warning to # so it will be done to them The word "them" refers to the people living in Jerusalem. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so others will do to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/12.md b/ezk/12/12.md index 5a80436ed8..25d31aa439 100644 --- a/ezk/12/12.md +++ b/ezk/12/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "They" refers to the people living in Jerusalem. # He will cover his face "The prince will cover his face" - diff --git a/ezk/12/13.md b/ezk/12/13.md index 5fa560be2c..5e4efbd40e 100644 --- a/ezk/12/13.md +++ b/ezk/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of enabling the Chaldeans to capture the prince as if he himself w # I will bring him to Babylon Yahweh speaks of enabling the Chaldeans to bring the prince to Babylon as if he himself were bringing the prince there. Alternate translation: "I will cause the Chaldeans to bring him to Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/14.md b/ezk/12/14.md index d7f29bf763..2b82501e78 100644 --- a/ezk/12/14.md +++ b/ezk/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will send out a sword after them The word "sword" is a metonym for enemy armies who will attack with their swords. Alternate translation: "I will send armies to pursue them with swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/15.md b/ezk/12/15.md index cf4d237026..4a71d2d3f8 100644 --- a/ezk/12/15.md +++ b/ezk/12/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that th # when I scatter them among the nations and disperse them throughout the lands These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "when I cause them to separate from each other and live in different nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/16.md b/ezk/12/16.md index 7bda0ecfe1..68be7dc491 100644 --- a/ezk/12/16.md +++ b/ezk/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will spare ... from the sword, famine, and plague The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. You may need to make explicit that they will not die from famine or plague. Alternate translation: "I will keep ... from dying in battle, from starving to death, and from dying of disease" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/17.md b/ezk/12/17.md index bf746d6241..1d4e483355 100644 --- a/ezk/12/17.md +++ b/ezk/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/18.md b/ezk/12/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/12/18.md +++ b/ezk/12/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/12/19.md b/ezk/12/19.md index 0f470570f3..84beb47979 100644 --- a/ezk/12/19.md +++ b/ezk/12/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land will be stripped of its fullness The word "fullness" refers to everything in the land. The word "stripped" means that people will empty the land of everything in it. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "others will empty the land of everything in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/20.md b/ezk/12/20.md index 748738d820..d41ac74b69 100644 --- a/ezk/12/20.md +++ b/ezk/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the cities that were inhabited will be desolate This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the cities where people lived will be desolate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/21.md b/ezk/12/21.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/12/21.md +++ b/ezk/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/22.md b/ezk/12/22.md index 2a48d3e25b..d63c6cea59 100644 --- a/ezk/12/22.md +++ b/ezk/12/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means that many days have passed. Alternate translation: "Many days h # every vision fails This means that the visions that the prophets receive and communicate to the people fail to happen. Alternate translation: "every prophetic vision fails to happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/23.md b/ezk/12/23.md index 4d7112f9cb..098d232012 100644 --- a/ezk/12/23.md +++ b/ezk/12/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to the days in which Israel will be judged. Alternate transla # every vision will be fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will fulfill every vision" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/24.md b/ezk/12/24.md index 670a3d5487..61baa15fe3 100644 --- a/ezk/12/24.md +++ b/ezk/12/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Ezekiel what to say to the people of Israel. # house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/25.md b/ezk/12/25.md index 239214ecc3..5e6479d497 100644 --- a/ezk/12/25.md +++ b/ezk/12/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israe # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/26.md b/ezk/12/26.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/12/26.md +++ b/ezk/12/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/27.md b/ezk/12/27.md index fb4796afa1..fb939d4510 100644 --- a/ezk/12/27.md +++ b/ezk/12/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # The vision that he sees is for a time many days from now, and he prophesies of far off times These phrases are both ways the people of Israel are saying Ezekiel's warnings will not happen in their lifetime but will happen far in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/28.md b/ezk/12/28.md index 80cf438c29..a797cbea44 100644 --- a/ezk/12/28.md +++ b/ezk/12/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My words will not be delayed any longer This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will no longer delay the word I have spoken" or "I will no longer delay doing what I said I would do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/12/intro.md b/ezk/12/intro.md index d4bb6b1b63..37e458c0f6 100644 --- a/ezk/12/intro.md +++ b/ezk/12/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Ezekiel 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Exile +### Exile -God warned that very soon the people in Jerusalem would be exiled to Babylon. +God warned that very soon the people in Jerusalem would be exiled to Babylon. ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/13/01.md b/ezk/13/01.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/13/01.md +++ b/ezk/13/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/02.md b/ezk/13/02.md index edb81911d6..dc921aca04 100644 --- a/ezk/13/02.md +++ b/ezk/13/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # prophesying out of their own imaginations "prophesying only the things that they imagine" - diff --git a/ezk/13/03.md b/ezk/13/03.md index 319267ae2d..0d0e13594b 100644 --- a/ezk/13/03.md +++ b/ezk/13/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who follow their own spirit Here the word "spirit" represents the thoughts and ideas of the person. To "follow" here is an idiom that means to do what their own ideas suggest for them to do. Alternate translation: "who act according to their own ideas" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/04.md b/ezk/13/04.md index 64c42311ca..6b2fef11df 100644 --- a/ezk/13/04.md +++ b/ezk/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Like jackals that scavenge for food and shelter among the abandoned ruins of cit # jackals wild animals that are related to dogs and that scavenge for food in abandoned places. - diff --git a/ezk/13/05.md b/ezk/13/05.md index 26920fc091..bf36f451a1 100644 --- a/ezk/13/05.md +++ b/ezk/13/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can supply the implicit information here. Alternate translation: "resist the # the day of Yahweh This refers to the time when Yahweh will judge his people by means of an enemy army. Alternate translation: "the day of Yahweh's judgment" or "the day when Yahweh judges you by sending enemy armies to attack you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/06.md b/ezk/13/06.md index 51510d1590..0b02ae54d1 100644 --- a/ezk/13/06.md +++ b/ezk/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a phrase used to refer to anything the prophet may have said. Your langu # Yahweh's declaration "is what Yahweh has declared" - diff --git a/ezk/13/07.md b/ezk/13/07.md index 6927d3f98d..b061dc7162 100644 --- a/ezk/13/07.md +++ b/ezk/13/07.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ Since the false prophets have not really received a message from Yahweh, what th # practice false divination -"utter false prophecies" \ No newline at end of file +"utter false prophecies" diff --git a/ezk/13/08.md b/ezk/13/08.md index 98d6da6d45..fca12557c3 100644 --- a/ezk/13/08.md +++ b/ezk/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/09.md b/ezk/13/09.md index fa4989a3a1..fdb4dc28d4 100644 --- a/ezk/13/09.md +++ b/ezk/13/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # know that I am the Lord Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am the Lord Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, the Lord Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/10.md b/ezk/13/10.md index 9b5567f28b..d4b6454585 100644 --- a/ezk/13/10.md +++ b/ezk/13/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "a wall" stands for peace and security that the false prophets told the peo # whitewash The word "whitewash" refers to a white liquid mixture or paint used to cover up impurities and make surfaces white. - diff --git a/ezk/13/11.md b/ezk/13/11.md index 6bce497009..5610b8b4a6 100644 --- a/ezk/13/11.md +++ b/ezk/13/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh refers to the judgment that he will send upon the people as if it were a # hailstones balls of ice that sometimes falls from the sky during a rainstorm. - diff --git a/ezk/13/12.md b/ezk/13/12.md index 4cce98411e..cb33ec0b62 100644 --- a/ezk/13/12.md +++ b/ezk/13/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that others will ask the proph # Where is the whitewash that you put on it? Possible meanings are 1) that this is an honest question for which the people expect and answer or 2) this is a rhetorical question that the people ask out of sarcasm. Alternate translation: "The whitewash that you put on it did no good." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/13.md b/ezk/13/13.md index 97dc83de7a..7f9db0eb67 100644 --- a/ezk/13/13.md +++ b/ezk/13/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh refers to the judgment that he will send upon the people as if it were a # in my rage ... in my wrath ... in my rage "because of my rage ... because of my wrath ... because my rage." - diff --git a/ezk/13/14.md b/ezk/13/14.md index 97ee29842b..9aac73f742 100644 --- a/ezk/13/14.md +++ b/ezk/13/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "in the middle of it all" refers to the stones of the wall that Yahwe # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/15.md b/ezk/13/15.md index 440a028056..eb05a2922c 100644 --- a/ezk/13/15.md +++ b/ezk/13/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak of the false security that the prophets have given to # whitewashed it The word "whitewash" refers to a white liquid mixture or paint used to cover up impurities and make surfaces white. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 13:10](../13/10.md). - diff --git a/ezk/13/16.md b/ezk/13/16.md index 7f463e94cd..d2a557e6e9 100644 --- a/ezk/13/16.md +++ b/ezk/13/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase defines who "the people who whitewashed it" are. # visions of peace for her The word "her" refers to Jerusalem. - diff --git a/ezk/13/17.md b/ezk/13/17.md index 495e7040f6..c789474673 100644 --- a/ezk/13/17.md +++ b/ezk/13/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This idiom refers to women who belong to the same people group as Ezekiel does. # prophesy against "prophesy about the bad things that will happen to them." See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 4:7](../04/07.md). - diff --git a/ezk/13/18.md b/ezk/13/18.md index a63d4d8339..022b23e7fb 100644 --- a/ezk/13/18.md +++ b/ezk/13/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that they make veils to put on the heads of people of different heigh # Will you hunt down my people but save your own lives? Yahweh asks this as a leading question to rebuke the women who do these things. The implicit answer is, "no." Alternate translation: "Do not think that you will be able to save your own lives after you have hunted down my people!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/19.md b/ezk/13/19.md index 0a922a370f..75a83dc07c 100644 --- a/ezk/13/19.md +++ b/ezk/13/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak against the false prophetesses in Israel. # handfuls of barley and crumbs of bread Barley is a grain used to make bread and the word "crumb" is a small amount of bread. Both phrases are small amounts of food and are used to emphasize how small the payment was to the prophetesses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/20.md b/ezk/13/20.md index 18649bc897..930424d2ab 100644 --- a/ezk/13/20.md +++ b/ezk/13/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ objects believed to have magical powers # tear them from your arms "tear the charms from your arms" - diff --git a/ezk/13/21.md b/ezk/13/21.md index 30e2e74b87..bced691fd1 100644 --- a/ezk/13/21.md +++ b/ezk/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "rescue # they will no longer be trapped in your hands Here the word "hand" represents power or control. Yahweh speaks of the people being in the control of these women as if the women had trapped them with their hands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will no longer trap them like prey in your hands" or "you will no longer control them with your power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/22.md b/ezk/13/22.md index 59e557542c..755a2b55dd 100644 --- a/ezk/13/22.md +++ b/ezk/13/22.md @@ -3,9 +3,11 @@ Here the word "heart" represents the person and his emotions. Alternate translation: "discouraged the righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) # the righteous ... did not cause him grief + Here the words "the righteous" are used to talk about righteous people. Alternate translation: "righteous people ... did not cause them grief" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) # strengthened the hands of the wicked + Here the word "hands" represents the person and his actions. Alternate translation: "strenghtened the wicked" or "encouraged the wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) # the wicked so that he does not turn from his evil ways and save his life @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Here the words "the wicked" are used to talk about wicked people. Alternate tran # turn from his evil ways To stop doing something is referred to as turning in a different direction. Alternate translation: "stop doing evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/23.md b/ezk/13/23.md index e78589f57a..14ed811318 100644 --- a/ezk/13/23.md +++ b/ezk/13/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these phrases refer to talking about what will happen in the future. Alt # I will rescue my people out of your hand Here the word "hand" represents power or control. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 13:21](../13/21.md). Alternate translation: "I will rescue my people from your power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/13/intro.md b/ezk/13/intro.md index e77a657667..5fe87e5407 100644 --- a/ezk/13/intro.md +++ b/ezk/13/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,19 @@ # Ezekiel 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### False prophets +### False prophets God spoke against people who said they were prophesying but had not received any message from God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor -God said of people who encourage others to feel safe even when they continue to sin were not strengthening a wall but just putting whitewash on it to hide the imperfections. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +God said of people who encourage others to feel safe even when they continue to sin were not strengthening a wall but just putting whitewash on it to hide the imperfections. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/14/01.md b/ezk/14/01.md index e673d44366..0113d0ef57 100644 --- a/ezk/14/01.md +++ b/ezk/14/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Some of the elders of Israel came to me and sat before me The elders sat before Ezekiel in order to inquire of the Lord through Ezekiel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/02.md b/ezk/14/02.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/14/02.md +++ b/ezk/14/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/03.md b/ezk/14/03.md index 93169ff508..671c915175 100644 --- a/ezk/14/03.md +++ b/ezk/14/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the idols are a stumbling block that leads to the elder # Should I be inquired of at all by them? Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the elders should not be inquiring of him. This question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Should I permit them to inquire of me at all?" or "They should not be inquiring of me at all." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/04.md b/ezk/14/04.md index ffc1585d0f..675df570f9 100644 --- a/ezk/14/04.md +++ b/ezk/14/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the idols that people worship as if they were blocks over which # I, Yahweh, will answer him according to the number of his idols This phrase refers to the many idols that the people worship. It is implied that the severity of Yahweh's answer will as great as the number of idols that they worship. Alternate translation: "I, Yahweh, will give him the answer that he deserves because he worships so many idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/05.md b/ezk/14/05.md index 5eb6e3e959..c64f94e0ca 100644 --- a/ezk/14/05.md +++ b/ezk/14/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hearts" represents the minds and affections of the people. Yahweh # their hearts that have been driven far from me through their idols Here the word "hearts" represents the minds and affections of the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who have all left me to worship their idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/06.md b/ezk/14/06.md index bc2bc7fbb2..b467bd5cb5 100644 --- a/ezk/14/06.md +++ b/ezk/14/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "repent" and "turn way" mean basically the same thing. Together they s # Turn back your faces Here the word "faces" represents the people. Alternate translation: "Turn back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/07.md b/ezk/14/07.md index 2c6d7f19af..f671907477 100644 --- a/ezk/14/07.md +++ b/ezk/14/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people committing themselves to worshiping idols as if they # puts the stumbling block of his iniquity before his own face Yahweh speaks of the idols that people worship as if they were blocks over which the people stumble, and of being determined to worship those idols as if they had placed those stumbling blocks in front of their faces. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 14:3](../14/03.md). Alternate translation: "who resolutely determines to worship the things that lead to iniquity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/08.md b/ezk/14/08.md index d597501499..712542224e 100644 --- a/ezk/14/08.md +++ b/ezk/14/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of causing a person no longer to belong to his people as if he wer # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/09.md b/ezk/14/09.md index 6ec2c18b68..6795124a76 100644 --- a/ezk/14/09.md +++ b/ezk/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will reach out with my hand against him God's "hand" refers to what he does. Alternate translation: "I will work against him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/10.md b/ezk/14/10.md index f964fffe8e..435e125dd9 100644 --- a/ezk/14/10.md +++ b/ezk/14/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will carry their own iniquity Here the word "iniquity" represents the guilt that people incur for committing iniquity. Yahweh speaks of people suffering the consequences of their iniquity as if they were carrying the iniquity. Alternate translation: "They will suffer the consequences of their own iniquity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/11.md b/ezk/14/11.md index d2398dbd60..1c4f6c0361 100644 --- a/ezk/14/11.md +++ b/ezk/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people no longer worshiping him as if they were to wander a # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/12.md b/ezk/14/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/14/12.md +++ b/ezk/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/14/13.md b/ezk/14/13.md index 76f301e688..2053f699e6 100644 --- a/ezk/14/13.md +++ b/ezk/14/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the supply of bread as if it were a staff. The word "bread" rep # cut off both men and animals from the land Yahweh speaks of killing people and animals as if he were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: "kill both men and animals in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/14.md b/ezk/14/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/14/14.md +++ b/ezk/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/14/15.md b/ezk/14/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/14/15.md +++ b/ezk/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/14/16.md b/ezk/14/16.md index 6c8758335e..e6fa813c3e 100644 --- a/ezk/14/16.md +++ b/ezk/14/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Noah, Daniel, and Job # only their own lives would be rescued This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they could only rescue their own lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/17.md b/ezk/14/17.md index 6fe700a012..cf599ab31c 100644 --- a/ezk/14/17.md +++ b/ezk/14/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "sword" represents the soldiers of an enemy army who attack with s # cut off both men and animals from it Yahweh speaks of killing people and animals as if it were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: "kill both men and animals in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/18.md b/ezk/14/18.md index 25d4fd5187..c0a0d0d331 100644 --- a/ezk/14/18.md +++ b/ezk/14/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Noah, Daniel, and Job # only their own lives would be rescued This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they would only rescue their own lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/19.md b/ezk/14/19.md index e9c42860e0..36418ff762 100644 --- a/ezk/14/19.md +++ b/ezk/14/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury as if his fury were a liquid that he pours # cut off both men and animals Yahweh speaks of killing people and animals as if he were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: "kill both men and animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/20.md b/ezk/14/20.md index b5a4e5f21d..ff1581ece2 100644 --- a/ezk/14/20.md +++ b/ezk/14/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # only their own lives would be rescued This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they would only rescue their own lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/21.md b/ezk/14/21.md index d3978e3255..ce53a96bfb 100644 --- a/ezk/14/21.md +++ b/ezk/14/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to cut off both men and animals from her Yahweh speaks of killing people and animals as if it were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. The word "her" refers to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "to kill both men and animals in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/22.md b/ezk/14/22.md index 80c323ad18..fbc6d21f70 100644 --- a/ezk/14/22.md +++ b/ezk/14/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "her" refers to Jerusalem. # be comforted concerning the punishment This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will comfort you concerning the punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/23.md b/ezk/14/23.md index d54cc81868..d4d833ed0f 100644 --- a/ezk/14/23.md +++ b/ezk/14/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "her" refers to Jerusalem. # their ways and their actions Both of these phrases refer to what the people of Israel have done. Alternate translation: "the way they live" or "the things they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/14/intro.md b/ezk/14/intro.md index 962b71f7c7..c72ac1e927 100644 --- a/ezk/14/intro.md +++ b/ezk/14/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Ezekiel 14 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Jerusalem deserves punishment +### Jerusalem deserves punishment -When the captives from Jerusalem arrive in Babylon, it will be obvious why God has punished them. +When the captives from Jerusalem arrive in Babylon, it will be obvious why God has punished them. ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/15/01.md b/ezk/15/01.md index 8ce259ceb7..fa67cf7690 100644 --- a/ezk/15/01.md +++ b/ezk/15/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is talking to Ezekiel in this section. # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/15/02.md b/ezk/15/02.md index d48abd43c5..632dd16fdf 100644 --- a/ezk/15/02.md +++ b/ezk/15/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # how is a vine better than any tree with branches that is among the trees in a forest? Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel of something he already knows. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "a vine is not better than any tree with branches that is among the trees in a forest." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/15/03.md b/ezk/15/03.md index e9cf3141f7..86b9418d31 100644 --- a/ezk/15/03.md +++ b/ezk/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel of something he already k # do they make a peg from it to hang anything on it? Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel of something he already knows. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "they do not make a peg from it to hang things on it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/15/04.md b/ezk/15/04.md index e09097f77a..a26b45308a 100644 --- a/ezk/15/04.md +++ b/ezk/15/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel of something he already k # If it is thrown into a fire as fuel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If a person throws it into a fire as fuel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/15/05.md b/ezk/15/05.md index 82f32b5a25..48129d5adb 100644 --- a/ezk/15/05.md +++ b/ezk/15/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "see" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information tha # it could not make anything "no one could make anything from it" - diff --git a/ezk/15/06.md b/ezk/15/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/15/06.md +++ b/ezk/15/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/15/07.md b/ezk/15/07.md index 089f029bcd..dbca46f537 100644 --- a/ezk/15/07.md +++ b/ezk/15/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the punishment that he will afflict upon the people as if it we # the fire will consume them Yahweh speaks of fire burning things as if the fire consumed them. Alternate translation: "the fire will destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/15/08.md b/ezk/15/08.md index 98d6da6d45..fca12557c3 100644 --- a/ezk/15/08.md +++ b/ezk/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/15/intro.md b/ezk/15/intro.md index e9cf14a477..b1b1624c8b 100644 --- a/ezk/15/intro.md +++ b/ezk/15/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 15 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Useless +### Useless God said that the people of Jerusalem were useless to him. He uses a simile to show just how useless they were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ God said that the people of Jerusalem were useless to him. He uses a simile to s * __[Ezekiel 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/16/01.md b/ezk/16/01.md index ddb7966fbb..0e7a9338db 100644 --- a/ezk/16/01.md +++ b/ezk/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this chapter, Yahweh speaks about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithfu # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/02.md b/ezk/16/02.md index fe4141f0a9..7dc58fdc8e 100644 --- a/ezk/16/02.md +++ b/ezk/16/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Son of man "Son of a human being" or "Son of humanity." God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: "Mortal person" or "Human" - diff --git a/ezk/16/03.md b/ezk/16/03.md index e798c47a81..b62d07bb3a 100644 --- a/ezk/16/03.md +++ b/ezk/16/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings. Yahweh speaks of when people founded t # your father was an Amorite, and your mother was a Hittite The Amorites and Hittites were both pagan people groups who lived in the land before the people of Israel conquered it. Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem's father and mother belonging to these people groups to express that she was born into idolatry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/04.md b/ezk/16/04.md index 7b5c18a74e..368e58f28f 100644 --- a/ezk/16/04.md +++ b/ezk/16/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were an infant. The cit # your mother did not cut your navel Here "navel" refers to the umbilical cord that is attached to the navel. Alternate translation: "you mother did not cut your umbilical cord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/05.md b/ezk/16/05.md index 4224caf8ea..f188d2c77c 100644 --- a/ezk/16/05.md +++ b/ezk/16/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "eye" represents the person who sees. Alternate translation: "Nobo # you were thrown out into the open field This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your parents threw you out into the open field" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/06.md b/ezk/16/06.md index 90ee306108..2e4cda50c4 100644 --- a/ezk/16/06.md +++ b/ezk/16/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is walking near the newborn baby. # I said to you in your blood The implicit information can be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "I said to you as you were lying in your blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/07.md b/ezk/16/07.md index 67e44734bd..84039cb6f6 100644 --- a/ezk/16/07.md +++ b/ezk/16/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some modern versions translate "You became old enough to wear jewels." # naked and bare These two words mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "completely naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/08.md b/ezk/16/08.md index e54a51fa9a..a64204ca1a 100644 --- a/ezk/16/08.md +++ b/ezk/16/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "see" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information tha # the time of love came for you This is to say that Yahweh sees the young woman is old enough to be married. - diff --git a/ezk/16/09.md b/ezk/16/09.md index fa099894b0..6e1a56d673 100644 --- a/ezk/16/09.md +++ b/ezk/16/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were a young woman. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/10.md b/ezk/16/10.md index 8852b99c45..630b1b39ec 100644 --- a/ezk/16/10.md +++ b/ezk/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # embroidered clothes "beautiful clothes." To embroider is to sew a design into a piece of cloth. - diff --git a/ezk/16/11.md b/ezk/16/11.md index cbb840a0f9..7500e5787d 100644 --- a/ezk/16/11.md +++ b/ezk/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I adorned you with jewelry "I put jewelry on you" - diff --git a/ezk/16/12.md b/ezk/16/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/12.md +++ b/ezk/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/13.md b/ezk/16/13.md index b773498470..2133db882f 100644 --- a/ezk/16/13.md +++ b/ezk/16/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were a young woman. The # you were adorned with gold and silver, and you were dressed in fine linen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I adorned you with gold and silver, and dressed you in fine linen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/14.md b/ezk/16/14.md index 50b223fbb7..5cc9ad49ee 100644 --- a/ezk/16/14.md +++ b/ezk/16/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it was perfect "your beauty was perfect" - diff --git a/ezk/16/15.md b/ezk/16/15.md index a564f28fbd..c903f343d4 100644 --- a/ezk/16/15.md +++ b/ezk/16/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem's immoral actions as if they were liquids and of comm # so that your beauty became his This Hebrew phrase is translated in many different ways by various modern versions. For example, some Bibles read "so that you gave yourself to him" or "his it was" - diff --git a/ezk/16/16.md b/ezk/16/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/16.md +++ b/ezk/16/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/17.md b/ezk/16/17.md index 99b4452aa4..070814f13e 100644 --- a/ezk/16/17.md +++ b/ezk/16/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wif # you did with them as a prostitute would do Possible meanings are 1) this is a polite way to say the young woman was sleeping with the male figures. Alternate translation: "you slept with them" or 2) this is a metaphor in which Yahweh speaks of her worshiping the figures as if she were sleeping with them. Alternate translation: "you worshiped them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/18.md b/ezk/16/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/18.md +++ b/ezk/16/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/19.md b/ezk/16/19.md index d9e5550b26..2c7184f6da 100644 --- a/ezk/16/19.md +++ b/ezk/16/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # set before them "placed as an offering in front of them" - diff --git a/ezk/16/20.md b/ezk/16/20.md index 73a2e8cd52..3836b26523 100644 --- a/ezk/16/20.md +++ b/ezk/16/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of something that the people of Israel had actually done. The # Are your acts of prostitution a small matter? Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the woman is acting as if her prostitution was not bad enough and so she decided to sacrifice her children as well. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You must think that your acts of prostitution are a small matter." or "I do not think your acts of prostitution are a small matter." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/21.md b/ezk/16/21.md index 658f1d7d58..77d45eb01b 100644 --- a/ezk/16/21.md +++ b/ezk/16/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # made them pass through the fire Here Yahweh speaks of something that the people of Israel had actually done. They sacrificed their children to pagan idols. It is implicit that she put them into the fire in order to offer them as burnt offerings to her images. Alternate translation: "sacrificed them as burnt offerings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/22.md b/ezk/16/22.md index e6de7989ba..6729f3be73 100644 --- a/ezk/16/22.md +++ b/ezk/16/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # naked and bare These two words mean the same thing. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 16:7](../16/07.md). Alternate translation: "completely naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/23.md b/ezk/16/23.md index 253ee94510..bb6de008ab 100644 --- a/ezk/16/23.md +++ b/ezk/16/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/24.md b/ezk/16/24.md index 74243b61d6..b2d974a52b 100644 --- a/ezk/16/24.md +++ b/ezk/16/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you built yourself a mound and made yourself a high place in every public place Possible meanings are that she built a place where 1) she could worship her idols or 2) she could practice her prostitution. - diff --git a/ezk/16/25.md b/ezk/16/25.md index 01842a03b4..6cdbce8a4a 100644 --- a/ezk/16/25.md +++ b/ezk/16/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wif # at the head of every road Yahweh speaks of the beginning of a road as if it were its head. Alternate translation: "at the beginning of every road" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/26.md b/ezk/16/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/26.md +++ b/ezk/16/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/27.md b/ezk/16/27.md index 381208d054..cc41ac5bda 100644 --- a/ezk/16/27.md +++ b/ezk/16/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "life" represents the person. Alternate translation: "I will hand you over" # the daughters of the Philistines Here Yahweh speaks of the cities of Philistia as if they were the daughters of the Philistines. The cities represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: "the Philistine people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/28.md b/ezk/16/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/28.md +++ b/ezk/16/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/29.md b/ezk/16/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/29.md +++ b/ezk/16/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/30.md b/ezk/16/30.md index 9cee1e55a7..90b3f0ae5c 100644 --- a/ezk/16/30.md +++ b/ezk/16/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh asks the rhetorical question in order to rebuke Jerusalem. It can be tran # How weak is your heart Here the word "heart" represents the will and emotions. Yahweh speaks of her inability to control her desires as if her heart were weak. Alternate translation: "How weak-willed are you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/31.md b/ezk/16/31.md index 93d878019f..f0ea11e309 100644 --- a/ezk/16/31.md +++ b/ezk/16/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that she built a place where 1) she could worship her idol # at the head of every street Yahweh speaks of the beginning of a street as if it were its head. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 16:25](../16/25.md). Alternate translation: "at the beginning of every street" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/32.md b/ezk/16/32.md index 3048bca9ff..95bc5ad82d 100644 --- a/ezk/16/32.md +++ b/ezk/16/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wif # you accept strangers instead of your husband This refers to accepting someone to sleep with her. Alternate translation: "you accept strangers into your bed instead of your husband" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/33.md b/ezk/16/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/33.md +++ b/ezk/16/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/34.md b/ezk/16/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/34.md +++ b/ezk/16/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/35.md b/ezk/16/35.md index 253ee94510..bb6de008ab 100644 --- a/ezk/16/35.md +++ b/ezk/16/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/36.md b/ezk/16/36.md index 7b00fc0423..67c92d1ea9 100644 --- a/ezk/16/36.md +++ b/ezk/16/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some modern versions translate "poured your wealth out." # you gave them your children's blood This refers to killing children as a sacrifice to idols. - diff --git a/ezk/16/37.md b/ezk/16/37.md index b336937c13..bbb2edc06c 100644 --- a/ezk/16/37.md +++ b/ezk/16/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information # so they see all your nakedness Stripping a person naked in front of others was an action intended to humiliate the person. The word "nakedness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "so they can see you completely naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/38.md b/ezk/16/38.md index be133419f1..8ffca722ed 100644 --- a/ezk/16/38.md +++ b/ezk/16/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase represents murder in any form. Alternate translation: "murder" (See: # I will bring on you the bloodshed of my anger and jealousy Here "bloodshed" represents murder in any form. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh speaks of punishing her for murder as if he were bringing bloodshed upon her. Alternate translation: "In my anger and jealousy, I will punish you for committing murder" or 2) Yahweh speaks of putting her to death as if he were bringing bloodshed upon her. Alternate translation: "In my anger and jealousy, I will shed your blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/39.md b/ezk/16/39.md index cfac729ecd..2cc93a1b1b 100644 --- a/ezk/16/39.md +++ b/ezk/16/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are that they will destroy 1) the place where she worshiped he # naked and bare These two words mean the same thing. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 16:7](../16/07.md). Alternate translation: "completely naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/40.md b/ezk/16/40.md index 911e92c56a..5136bd9782 100644 --- a/ezk/16/40.md +++ b/ezk/16/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. He speaks about enemy soldiers as her lovers. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/41.md b/ezk/16/41.md index 9adffc2a66..1277711cd5 100644 --- a/ezk/16/41.md +++ b/ezk/16/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "judgments" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translati # in the sight of many women "where many women can see" or "while many women watch" - diff --git a/ezk/16/42.md b/ezk/16/42.md index 1181a14e69..063dd5465d 100644 --- a/ezk/16/42.md +++ b/ezk/16/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will calm my fury against you; my jealousy will leave you The words "fury" and "jealousy" refer to the punishment that Yahweh inflicts because he is angry and jealous. Alternate translation: "I will stop punishing you because I will no longer be angry with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/43.md b/ezk/16/43.md index 211473d12b..0abb8b137c 100644 --- a/ezk/16/43.md +++ b/ezk/16/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "shake" refers to a physical response that a person has when he is extremel # behold! The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. - diff --git a/ezk/16/44.md b/ezk/16/44.md index c7f6672e25..69731a1264 100644 --- a/ezk/16/44.md +++ b/ezk/16/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wif # Behold! The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. - diff --git a/ezk/16/45.md b/ezk/16/45.md index 54269b3e2b..bcab7ccd1e 100644 --- a/ezk/16/45.md +++ b/ezk/16/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Your mother was a Hittite, and your father was an Amorite The Amorites and Hittites were both pagan people groups who lived in the land before the people of Israel conquered it. Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem's father and mother belonging to these people groups to express that she was born into idolatry. See how you translated these phrases in [Ezekiel 16:3](../16/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/46.md b/ezk/16/46.md index 0620feede4..8d129bed7d 100644 --- a/ezk/16/46.md +++ b/ezk/16/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wif # Your older sister was Samaria ... your younger sister was the one living south of you, that is, Sodom Samaria and Sodom were both cities that Yahweh had judged for their idolatry and wickedness. Yahweh speaks of these cities being Jerusalem's sisters to express that she belonged to a family that practiced idolatry and wickedness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/47.md b/ezk/16/47.md index d0e1d579f8..5da8c22098 100644 --- a/ezk/16/47.md +++ b/ezk/16/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The way a person lives is spoken of as if the person were walking on a path. Alt # committed their disgusting practices did the disgusting things that they did - diff --git a/ezk/16/48.md b/ezk/16/48.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/48.md +++ b/ezk/16/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/49.md b/ezk/16/49.md index bdeebf68a1..9f1da2b263 100644 --- a/ezk/16/49.md +++ b/ezk/16/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh describes Sodom as a rich woman who has more than enough food and lives i # She did not strengthen the hands of the poor and needy people Here the word "hands" represents the people who work with their hands. The words "poor" and "needy" emphasize that these are people who cannot help themselves. Alternate translation: "She did not help the people who could not help themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/50.md b/ezk/16/50.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/50.md +++ b/ezk/16/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/52.md b/ezk/16/52.md index af2d5bdb92..9859125f69 100644 --- a/ezk/16/52.md +++ b/ezk/16/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this phrase twice to emphasize how shamefully the people of Jerusale # bear your disgrace "be ashamed" or "bear your insults" - diff --git a/ezk/16/53.md b/ezk/16/53.md index dfa46f3355..a15b5fe2d0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/53.md +++ b/ezk/16/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause, and here it # Sodom and her daughters ... Samaria and her daughters The writer writes as if the people who lived in the cities of Sodom and Samaria were the cities themselves and as if the smaller villages and towns around those cities were the cities' daughters. Alternate translation: "the people living in Sodom and the villages around it ... the people living in Samaria and the villages around it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/54.md b/ezk/16/54.md index acb2d82728..e6892ff6bc 100644 --- a/ezk/16/54.md +++ b/ezk/16/54.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will humiliate you" # you will be a comfort to them The noun "comfort" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "you will comfort Sodom and Samaria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/55.md b/ezk/16/55.md index 1757f7be07..808310ae7b 100644 --- a/ezk/16/55.md +++ b/ezk/16/55.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will restore your s # you and your daughters will be restored to your former condition This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will restore you and your daughters to your former condition" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/56.md b/ezk/16/56.md index 7e97efae5a..e62f5f86cd 100644 --- a/ezk/16/56.md +++ b/ezk/16/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wif # Sodom your sister was not even mentioned by your mouth Here the word "mouth" represents the person who speaks. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You did not even mention your sister Sodom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/57.md b/ezk/16/57.md index 3398d3ae72..5fe6b9d560 100644 --- a/ezk/16/57.md +++ b/ezk/16/57.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of the cities of Edom and Philistia as if they were the daugh # despise hate very much - diff --git a/ezk/16/58.md b/ezk/16/58.md index 10bed29d87..85949c9dc1 100644 --- a/ezk/16/58.md +++ b/ezk/16/58.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/59.md b/ezk/16/59.md index 5bb5eda47e..8a2f425c6e 100644 --- a/ezk/16/59.md +++ b/ezk/16/59.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wif # despised your oath by breaking the covenant Jerusalem broke her marriage covenant with Yahweh, thereby showing that she did not care about the oaths that she had made to him. Alternate translation: "despised your oath to me by breaking the covenant that you made with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/60.md b/ezk/16/60.md index 315b45c223..d86dc1ce64 100644 --- a/ezk/16/60.md +++ b/ezk/16/60.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means to remember. Alternate translation: "remember" (See: [[rc://en/ # made in the days of your youth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I made with you when you were young" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/61.md b/ezk/16/61.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/61.md +++ b/ezk/16/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/16/62.md b/ezk/16/62.md index 15ea7c6056..d1f215773e 100644 --- a/ezk/16/62.md +++ b/ezk/16/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/16/63.md b/ezk/16/63.md index 3d64344bb6..048de7a961 100644 --- a/ezk/16/63.md +++ b/ezk/16/63.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom means to remember. Alternate translation: "remember everything" (See: # you will no longer open your mouth to speak because of your shame This means that Jerusalem will be too ashamed to speak. - diff --git a/ezk/16/intro.md b/ezk/16/intro.md index da2a78d3d0..b921c0d916 100644 --- a/ezk/16/intro.md +++ b/ezk/16/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 16 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor God compared Judah to an adulteress because she worshiped idols instead of God who had done so much to help her. Adultery is a common image used to describe the worship of idols by Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ God compared Judah to an adulteress because she worshiped idols instead of God w * __[Ezekiel 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/17/01.md b/ezk/17/01.md index fe1b435f20..718202de9b 100644 --- a/ezk/17/01.md +++ b/ezk/17/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ezekiel reports a message that God gives him. # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/02.md b/ezk/17/02.md index 8064f22088..5f5ee3d794 100644 --- a/ezk/17/02.md +++ b/ezk/17/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/03.md b/ezk/17/03.md index f0207685b3..57817514dd 100644 --- a/ezk/17/03.md +++ b/ezk/17/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that was multicolored The eagle's feathers were many different colors. - diff --git a/ezk/17/04.md b/ezk/17/04.md index 59552722bf..fff41f5a43 100644 --- a/ezk/17/04.md +++ b/ezk/17/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he planted it in a city of merchants "he planted it in a city that had many merchants." A merchant is a person who sells things. - diff --git a/ezk/17/05.md b/ezk/17/05.md index 7c0296b0c3..fc0deb6554 100644 --- a/ezk/17/05.md +++ b/ezk/17/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "he" is the eagle in the parable. # planted it ... like a willow Willow trees grow in places where there is a lot of water. If the eagle planted the seed like a willow, it means that he planted it in a place with a lot of water. Alternate translation: "and planted the seed like one would plant a willow tree by water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/06.md b/ezk/17/06.md index e008eb070f..e027d4bf82 100644 --- a/ezk/17/06.md +++ b/ezk/17/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "its roots grew under itself into the ground" or "the r # produced branches and sent out shoots "grew branches and spread its shoots" - diff --git a/ezk/17/07.md b/ezk/17/07.md index 7e5f5e1b3c..e20246f64d 100644 --- a/ezk/17/07.md +++ b/ezk/17/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the vine as if it were able to behave like a person and intenti # from the place it had been planted so it would be watered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "from the place that the first eagle had planted it so that it would have water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/08.md b/ezk/17/08.md index ee5b09a239..ec550843d2 100644 --- a/ezk/17/08.md +++ b/ezk/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It had been planted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The first eagle had planted the vine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/09.md b/ezk/17/09.md index d436d7a988..71be530438 100644 --- a/ezk/17/09.md +++ b/ezk/17/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the vine will certainly b # No strong arm or many people will be needed to pull it out The phrase "strong arm" represents a strong person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "There will be no need for a strong person or many people to pull it out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/10.md b/ezk/17/10.md index 2a591c05bb..5f9e215209 100644 --- a/ezk/17/10.md +++ b/ezk/17/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that this will certainly happe # when the eastern wind touches it "when the eastern wind blows on it" - diff --git a/ezk/17/11.md b/ezk/17/11.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/17/11.md +++ b/ezk/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/12.md b/ezk/17/12.md index 97981a8e30..dc1efd46bf 100644 --- a/ezk/17/12.md +++ b/ezk/17/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh asks this as a leading question in order to provide the answer. The quest # her king and her princes The word "her" refers to Jerusalem. - diff --git a/ezk/17/13.md b/ezk/17/13.md index a424a9204d..32d307011e 100644 --- a/ezk/17/13.md +++ b/ezk/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brought him under an oath "made him swear an oath" - diff --git a/ezk/17/14.md b/ezk/17/14.md index fdbd12b4ae..aae2c4b09c 100644 --- a/ezk/17/14.md +++ b/ezk/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The kingdom being small and weak is spoken of as if it were lowly and being larg # the land will survive Here the word "land" represents the kingdom of Judah and the people in it. Alternate translation: "the kingdom will continue to exist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/15.md b/ezk/17/15.md index 036ea8eb41..9286ae89d7 100644 --- a/ezk/17/15.md +++ b/ezk/17/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh asks this leading question to emphasize the negative answer. This may be # If he breaks the covenant, will he escape? Yahweh asks this leading question to emphasize the negative answer. This question can be translated as as statement. Alternate translation: "If he breaks the covenant, he will certainly not escape." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/16.md b/ezk/17/16.md index 2c3c8911c1..f0c4c6ac6d 100644 --- a/ezk/17/16.md +++ b/ezk/17/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land of the king who made him king, the king whose oath he despised "the land of the king of Babylon who made him King of Judah, the king of Babylon whose oath he despised" - diff --git a/ezk/17/17.md b/ezk/17/17.md index f568635778..1f2115bf48 100644 --- a/ezk/17/17.md +++ b/ezk/17/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ this refers to a tower with ladders that can be placed next to a wall and allow # to cut off many lives "to kill many people" - diff --git a/ezk/17/18.md b/ezk/17/18.md index ef7e355e49..7badc7fca0 100644 --- a/ezk/17/18.md +++ b/ezk/17/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # reached out with his hand to make a promise This refers to taking hold of another person's hand as a sign of friendship and agreement. Here it represents the covenant oath that he made with the king of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/19.md b/ezk/17/19.md index 03a09a1d78..ed01bebcb7 100644 --- a/ezk/17/19.md +++ b/ezk/17/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this leading question to emphasize the affirmative answer. This ques # I will bring his punishment on his head The idiom "bring ... on his head" means that he will experience this punishment. See how you translated this idiom in [Ezekiel 11:21](../11/21.md). Alternate translation: "I will cause him to suffer his punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/20.md b/ezk/17/20.md index cd312aede1..81aacd4a5f 100644 --- a/ezk/17/20.md +++ b/ezk/17/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of enabling the enemy army to capture the king as if he were trapp # he will be caught in my hunting net This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will catch him in my hunting net" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/21.md b/ezk/17/21.md index 08d98ae7f7..1c0c13b98b 100644 --- a/ezk/17/21.md +++ b/ezk/17/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the ones who remain a # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/22.md b/ezk/17/22.md index 3642667574..fd0548ceff 100644 --- a/ezk/17/22.md +++ b/ezk/17/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh resumes the parable that he had told in [Ezekiel 17:1](../17/01.md) and speaks about Jerusalem as if it were a branch that he plants on the mountains of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/17/23.md b/ezk/17/23.md index 2e2b472b87..ead8784198 100644 --- a/ezk/17/23.md +++ b/ezk/17/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bear branches "grow new branches" - diff --git a/ezk/17/24.md b/ezk/17/24.md index 5874d920ff..56124bda4a 100644 --- a/ezk/17/24.md +++ b/ezk/17/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of trees as if they are people who can know about him. The trees r # wither when a plant dries up and dies. - diff --git a/ezk/17/intro.md b/ezk/17/intro.md index 2a7b34ffc9..ceaa393be8 100644 --- a/ezk/17/intro.md +++ b/ezk/17/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Ezekiel 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Breaking allegiance +### Breaking allegiance The king of Judah had vowed to obey Babylon but instead he followed Egypt. Therefore, God said he would not prosper. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Judah is compared to a vine that grows one direction and then another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Judah is compared to a vine that grows one direction and then another. (See: [[r * __[Ezekiel 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/18/01.md b/ezk/18/01.md index 36ebad3f88..82b8b30c6d 100644 --- a/ezk/18/01.md +++ b/ezk/18/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came to me again The phrase "the word of Yahweh came" is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke to me again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/02.md b/ezk/18/02.md index e2cc439c3c..a112479922 100644 --- a/ezk/18/02.md +++ b/ezk/18/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This proverbs means that children experience the consequences of their parents' # the children's teeth are made blunt The idiom "teeth are made blunt" refers to the sour taste in one's mouth that is a result of eating unripe or sour fruit. Alternate translation: "the children get a sour taste in their mouths" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/03.md b/ezk/18/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/18/03.md +++ b/ezk/18/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/18/04.md b/ezk/18/04.md index 9aba15947d..209e27cb23 100644 --- a/ezk/18/04.md +++ b/ezk/18/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information # The soul who sins Here the word "soul" represents the person. Alternate translation: "The person who sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/05.md b/ezk/18/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/18/05.md +++ b/ezk/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/18/06.md b/ezk/18/06.md index 8e10223a56..4e9722b7ee 100644 --- a/ezk/18/06.md +++ b/ezk/18/06.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ It is implicit that he has not approached a woman in order to sleep with her. Al # during her impurity -The word "impurity" is a euphemism for the time every month when a woman bleeds from her womb. It is also an abstract noun that can be translated as an adjective or verb. Alternate translation: "when she is unclean" or "during her monthly period" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) \ No newline at end of file +The word "impurity" is a euphemism for the time every month when a woman bleeds from her womb. It is also an abstract noun that can be translated as an adjective or verb. Alternate translation: "when she is unclean" or "during her monthly period" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) diff --git a/ezk/18/07.md b/ezk/18/07.md index bd787c66e3..4d76e4d3e6 100644 --- a/ezk/18/07.md +++ b/ezk/18/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gives back to the debtor his pledge "returns to the debtor the item that the debtor gave him as security for the loan." When a person borrowed something, sometimes the person giving the loan required the borrower to give something as a pledge. A pledge was given to ensure that the borrower would pay back whatever he borrowed. The person who gave the loan was supposed to return the pledge to the borrower once the debt was paid. - diff --git a/ezk/18/08.md b/ezk/18/08.md index d07e8a86dd..a4a3b98a57 100644 --- a/ezk/18/08.md +++ b/ezk/18/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word refers to the money paid by a person to use borrowed money. However, s # establishes faithfulness between people This means that he judges fairly the disputes that may arise between people. - diff --git a/ezk/18/09.md b/ezk/18/09.md index d80353f54e..4700d0b1fc 100644 --- a/ezk/18/09.md +++ b/ezk/18/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that man walks in my statutes Yahweh speaks of a person obeying his statutes as if the statutes were a path in which the person walks. Alternate translation: "that man obeys my statutes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/10.md b/ezk/18/10.md index 902a387f4d..45a3223b48 100644 --- a/ezk/18/10.md +++ b/ezk/18/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase represents murder in any form. Alternate translation: "who murders" # any one of these things This refers to the sinful actions that Yahweh had mentioned beginning in [Ezekiel 18:5](../18/05.md). - diff --git a/ezk/18/11.md b/ezk/18/11.md index 69468063b5..ebb6c7341f 100644 --- a/ezk/18/11.md +++ b/ezk/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # eats upon the mountains People often worshiped and offered sacrifices to pagan gods on the mountains. It is implied that this person has participated in these kinds of pagan rituals. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 18:5](../18/05.md). Alternate translation: "eats meat sacrificed to idols upon the mountains" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/12.md b/ezk/18/12.md index 11247940d8..2200f5c477 100644 --- a/ezk/18/12.md +++ b/ezk/18/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The idiom "lifts up his eyes" refers to looking toward something. With reference # does not return a pledge "does not return to the debtor the item that the debtor gave him as security for the loan." When a person borrowed something, sometimes the person giving the loan required the borrower to give something as a pledge. A pledge was given to ensure that the borrower would pay back whatever he borrowed. The person who gave the loan was supposed to return the pledge to the borrower once the debt was paid. - diff --git a/ezk/18/13.md b/ezk/18/13.md index 4b0478a7c0..6b6ec95b10 100644 --- a/ezk/18/13.md +++ b/ezk/18/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh asks this as a leading question in order to emphasize the negative answer # his blood will be on him Here the word "blood" represents death. For blood to be on a person is an idiom that means the person is responsible for that death. Alternate translation: "he will be responsible for his own death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/14.md b/ezk/18/14.md index 013c0ebfbc..c64ca697dc 100644 --- a/ezk/18/14.md +++ b/ezk/18/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # behold! The word "behold" here adds emphasis to what follows. - diff --git a/ezk/18/15.md b/ezk/18/15.md index 303ee9212d..e69631cf0e 100644 --- a/ezk/18/15.md +++ b/ezk/18/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "lifted up his eyes" refers to looking toward something. With referenc # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/16.md b/ezk/18/16.md index eb654751d2..2f67f93251 100644 --- a/ezk/18/16.md +++ b/ezk/18/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak about the son who does not commit the same sins as his # require a pledge "require a debtor to give an item as security for the loan." When a person borrowed something, sometimes the person giving the loan required the borrower to give something as a pledge. A pledge was given to ensure that the borrower would pay back whatever he borrowed. The person who gave the loan was supposed to return the pledge to the borrower once the debt was paid. - diff --git a/ezk/18/17.md b/ezk/18/17.md index 621a820e24..b23a2ba04f 100644 --- a/ezk/18/17.md +++ b/ezk/18/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word refers to the money paid by a person to use borrowed money. However, s # walks according to my statutes Yahweh speaks of obeying his statutes as if his statutes were a path in which the person walks. Alternate translation: "obeys my statutes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/18.md b/ezk/18/18.md index 1648fa3a0b..093679f6dd 100644 --- a/ezk/18/18.md +++ b/ezk/18/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ to take something from someone else by using threats or force. # in his iniquity "because of his iniquity" - diff --git a/ezk/18/19.md b/ezk/18/19.md index 38ebba5968..e447e49e3e 100644 --- a/ezk/18/19.md +++ b/ezk/18/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why does the son not bear the iniquity of his father? Yahweh speaks of a person being responsible for or guilty of iniquity as if the iniquity were an object that the person carries. Alternate translation: "Why is the son not responsible for the iniquity of his father?" or "Why is the son not guilty of the iniquity of his father?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/20.md b/ezk/18/20.md index f5984f6e1e..dd2df2bf4c 100644 --- a/ezk/18/20.md +++ b/ezk/18/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ For righteousness to be on a person is an idiom that means the person is respons # the wickedness of the wicked will be on himself For wickedness to be on a person is an idiom that means the person is responsible for that wickedness. Alternate translation: "the wicked person will be responsible for his own wickedness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/21.md b/ezk/18/21.md index a0f362f577..bb8df0152c 100644 --- a/ezk/18/21.md +++ b/ezk/18/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh speaking of the wicked person who changes and does what is righteous. - diff --git a/ezk/18/22.md b/ezk/18/22.md index 3901321b9a..98a6dc1db2 100644 --- a/ezk/18/22.md +++ b/ezk/18/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idiom "call to mind" means to remember. This can be stated in active form. A # by the righteousness that he practices "because of the righteous things he has done" - diff --git a/ezk/18/23.md b/ezk/18/23.md index 8f2a918ce9..6796d453a5 100644 --- a/ezk/18/23.md +++ b/ezk/18/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # not in his turning away from his way Yahweh speaks of a person's lifestyle or behavior as if it were a way on which the person walks. The idiom "to turn away" from something means to stop doing that thing. Alternate translation: "not in his ceasing to live the way that he lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/24.md b/ezk/18/24.md index 94e4926c66..2433bea369 100644 --- a/ezk/18/24.md +++ b/ezk/18/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ crime done against a country or against God by someone who is expected to be loy # he will die in the sins "he will die because of the sins" - diff --git a/ezk/18/25.md b/ezk/18/25.md index ccb7a957bd..ecb675266b 100644 --- a/ezk/18/25.md +++ b/ezk/18/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize the negative answer. Alternate # Is it not your ways that are unfair? Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize the positive answer. Alternate translation: "It is your ways that are unfair." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/26.md b/ezk/18/26.md index c231fcf8d5..8c31b4caae 100644 --- a/ezk/18/26.md +++ b/ezk/18/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # dies because of them ... die in the iniquity that he has done These phrases repeat the thought of a man dying because of his sin to express that it was his fault and the fault of no one else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/27.md b/ezk/18/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/18/27.md +++ b/ezk/18/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/18/28.md b/ezk/18/28.md index caba9887e7..d76dba37fe 100644 --- a/ezk/18/28.md +++ b/ezk/18/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he has seen Yahweh speaks of the person thinking about and understanding something as if the person were seeing it. Alternate translation: "he has considered" or "he has understood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/29.md b/ezk/18/29.md index 5ac768dba8..ad4cfab977 100644 --- a/ezk/18/29.md +++ b/ezk/18/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # The way of the Lord is not fair ... How is my way not fair ... It is your ways that are not fair Actions or behaviors are spoken of as if they were a way or path that a person travels. Alternate translation: "The Lord does not act fairly ... How do I not act fairly ... It is you who do not act fairly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/30.md b/ezk/18/30.md index 660b018f58..c14bc4c090 100644 --- a/ezk/18/30.md +++ b/ezk/18/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of "transgressions" causing people to rebel against him as if they # stumbling blocks of iniquity against you Possible meanings are 1) the stumbling blocks cause the person to commit more iniquity. Alternate translation: "stumbling blocks that cause you to commit more iniquity" or 2) The word "iniquity" is a metonym for the punishment that a person receives for his iniquity. Alternate translation: "stumbling blocks that lead to your punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/31.md b/ezk/18/31.md index f225bb04ca..6ad7c192dd 100644 --- a/ezk/18/31.md +++ b/ezk/18/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to comfort the people of Israel. Alternate # house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/18/32.md b/ezk/18/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/18/32.md +++ b/ezk/18/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/18/intro.md b/ezk/18/intro.md index 855917551d..d755207fd9 100644 --- a/ezk/18/intro.md +++ b/ezk/18/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Inherited Guilt +### Inherited Guilt God does not punish children for the sins of their parents, but only punishes them for their own sins. Despite this, the parents' sins may still have consequences for their children. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ God does not punish children for the sins of their parents, but only punishes th * __[Ezekiel 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/19/01.md b/ezk/19/01.md index a7a1c5451f..b31ff901e7 100644 --- a/ezk/19/01.md +++ b/ezk/19/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak to the people of Israel. He tells a story where th # take up a lamentation This idiom means to sing a lamentation. Alternate translation: "sing a lamentation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/02.md b/ezk/19/02.md index 1fc6ba74cc..6c9f29ba11 100644 --- a/ezk/19/02.md +++ b/ezk/19/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this ask a leading question in order to introduce the answer. Altern # lioness a female lion - diff --git a/ezk/19/03.md b/ezk/19/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/19/03.md +++ b/ezk/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/19/04.md b/ezk/19/04.md index 224e071156..5aa91d7111 100644 --- a/ezk/19/04.md +++ b/ezk/19/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He was caught in their trap This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They caught him in their trap" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/05.md b/ezk/19/05.md index 755f32f4ed..79be90201d 100644 --- a/ezk/19/05.md +++ b/ezk/19/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to describe the nation of Israel as a lioness and the kings of the kingdom of Judah as her cubs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/06.md b/ezk/19/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/19/06.md +++ b/ezk/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/19/07.md b/ezk/19/07.md index af187639cd..fc884e09f1 100644 --- a/ezk/19/07.md +++ b/ezk/19/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People abandoned the # its fullness "everything in it" - diff --git a/ezk/19/08.md b/ezk/19/08.md index 59bce82ede..9d48120104 100644 --- a/ezk/19/08.md +++ b/ezk/19/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to describe the nation of Israel as a lioness and the kings of # He was caught in their trap This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They caught him in their trap" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/09.md b/ezk/19/09.md index 92ff962c0c..2402d0a37f 100644 --- a/ezk/19/09.md +++ b/ezk/19/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his voice would no longer be heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people would no longer hear his voice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/10.md b/ezk/19/10.md index 7e40930713..d001f2626a 100644 --- a/ezk/19/10.md +++ b/ezk/19/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the nation of Israel as though it was the mother of the leaders # a vine planted in your blood Possible meanings are that "blood" represents 1) the violence of the kings of Judah who had murdered people. Alternate translation: "a vine planted by means of violence" or 2) The plentiful wine of Judah which had become a symbol of prosperity. Alternate translation: "a vine planted in your prosperity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/11.md b/ezk/19/11.md index c1b36c613f..16a8ab5bda 100644 --- a/ezk/19/11.md +++ b/ezk/19/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "branches strong enoug # its height was seen by the greatness of its foliage This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people could see how tall it was by the greatness of its foliage" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/12.md b/ezk/19/12.md index b4e892dd48..9b8be94829 100644 --- a/ezk/19/12.md +++ b/ezk/19/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh uprooted the v # Its strong branches were broken off and withered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh broke off its strong branches and they withered" or "People broke off its strong branches and they withered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/13.md b/ezk/19/13.md index 7c0125296b..e55fb3e75a 100644 --- a/ezk/19/13.md +++ b/ezk/19/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in a land of drought and thirst The very dry land is spoken of as if it were thirsty. Alternate translation: "in a very dry land of drought" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/14.md b/ezk/19/14.md index cd8133617e..7d9bc95f88 100644 --- a/ezk/19/14.md +++ b/ezk/19/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implicit information may be supplied from [Ezekiel 19:11](../19/11.md). Alte # will be sung as a lamentation This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must sing it as a lamentation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/19/intro.md b/ezk/19/intro.md index 6a2d8c8ce3..0d1577e35c 100644 --- a/ezk/19/intro.md +++ b/ezk/19/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Ezekiel 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Judah destroyed +### Judah destroyed The first king was taken as a captive to Egypt, the next was taken as a captive to Babylon. Now Judah is not prospering. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor The kings of Judah are compared to man-eating lions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The kings of Judah are compared to man-eating lions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ * __[Ezekiel 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/20/01.md b/ezk/20/01.md index 80f7729f2d..11dd424f25 100644 --- a/ezk/20/01.md +++ b/ezk/20/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the beginn # before me "in front of me" - diff --git a/ezk/20/02.md b/ezk/20/02.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/20/02.md +++ b/ezk/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/03.md b/ezk/20/03.md index 1974096f4e..239790ade6 100644 --- a/ezk/20/03.md +++ b/ezk/20/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the elders should not be # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/04.md b/ezk/20/04.md index 2d3f4af477..749845fa21 100644 --- a/ezk/20/04.md +++ b/ezk/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Will you judge them? Will you judge, son of man? Yahweh asks Ezekiel the same question twice in order to secure Ezekiel's commitment to pronounce the judgement. Alternate translation: "Are you ready to pronounce judgment on them, son of man?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/05.md b/ezk/20/05.md index 29b6833465..4b9bca5a56 100644 --- a/ezk/20/05.md +++ b/ezk/20/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "raised my hand" is a symbolic action that shows he will truly do what he h # the house of Jacob The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Jacob over many years. Translate "the house of" as in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the descendants of Jacob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/06.md b/ezk/20/06.md index 4059bbcb72..7a1a3623be 100644 --- a/ezk/20/06.md +++ b/ezk/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the most beautiful ornament among all the lands The lands in which people live are spoken of as if they are jewelry or other things that are pleasant to look at. Alternate translation: "the most beautiful of all lands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/07.md b/ezk/20/07.md index a3f4094ca1..56c94e3798 100644 --- a/ezk/20/07.md +++ b/ezk/20/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people worshiping the detestable things as if they had plac # Do not make yourselves unclean A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/08.md b/ezk/20/08.md index ca6d231cc2..7da0733e84 100644 --- a/ezk/20/08.md +++ b/ezk/20/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people worshiping the detestable things as if they had plac # to pour out my fury upon them Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury by punishing them as if his fury were a liquid that he poured out on them. Alternate translation: "to act against them in my fury" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/09.md b/ezk/20/09.md index 806178e287..261c6803ba 100644 --- a/ezk/20/09.md +++ b/ezk/20/09.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to the nations. The idiom "in their eyes" refers to # bringing them "bringing the people of Israel" - diff --git a/ezk/20/10.md b/ezk/20/10.md index 82e9f4cf25..65ff64c174 100644 --- a/ezk/20/10.md +++ b/ezk/20/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel. # I sent them The word "them" refers to "the descendants of the house of Jacob." - diff --git a/ezk/20/11.md b/ezk/20/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/20/11.md +++ b/ezk/20/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/20/12.md b/ezk/20/12.md index 15ea7c6056..d1f215773e 100644 --- a/ezk/20/12.md +++ b/ezk/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/13.md b/ezk/20/13.md index 40addd98e8..5cb31f6856 100644 --- a/ezk/20/13.md +++ b/ezk/20/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury by punishing them as if his fury were a liq # in order to end them The euphemism "to end them" refers to killing them. Alternate translation: "in order to kill them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/14.md b/ezk/20/14.md index ee6df57565..38651990cf 100644 --- a/ezk/20/14.md +++ b/ezk/20/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. The eyes repres # in whose sight I had brought them out of Egypt "in whose presence I brought my people out of Egypt" - diff --git a/ezk/20/15.md b/ezk/20/15.md index 522e345063..ff3d1e1c69 100644 --- a/ezk/20/15.md +++ b/ezk/20/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "raised my hand" is a symbolic action that shows he will truly do what he h # the most beautiful ornament among all the lands The lands in which people live are spoken of as if they are jewelry or other things that are pleasant to look at. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:6](../20/06.md). Alternate translation: "the most beautiful of all lands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/16.md b/ezk/20/16.md index 2346d1dad4..d81de797ec 100644 --- a/ezk/20/16.md +++ b/ezk/20/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of obeying his statutes as if they were a path along which a perso # their hearts walked after their idols Here the word "heart" represents the person's thoughts and emotions. Yahweh speaks of being dedicated to idols as if a person's heart walked after them. Alternate translation: "they were dedicated to worshiping their idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/17.md b/ezk/20/17.md index 0ef964150e..4e511dc606 100644 --- a/ezk/20/17.md +++ b/ezk/20/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my eye spared them Here the word "eye" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I spared them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/18.md b/ezk/20/18.md index d026a6dc01..5c023f8dc1 100644 --- a/ezk/20/18.md +++ b/ezk/20/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel. # Do not walk in the statutes of your fathers Yahweh speaks of a person obeying statutes as if the statutes were paths along with a person walks. Alternate translation: "Do not obey the statutes of your parents" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/19.md b/ezk/20/19.md index ed85f1f069..5a98fc0884 100644 --- a/ezk/20/19.md +++ b/ezk/20/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of a person obeying statutes as if the statutes were paths along w # keep my decrees and obey them To "keep" Yahweh's decrees is the same as to "obey them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/20.md b/ezk/20/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/20/20.md +++ b/ezk/20/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/20/21.md b/ezk/20/21.md index 9ec80cc637..63dc891268 100644 --- a/ezk/20/21.md +++ b/ezk/20/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of a person obeying his statutes as if the statutes were a path al # to pour out my fury upon them Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury by punishing them as if his fury were a liquid that he poured out on them. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:8](../20/08.md). Alternate translation: "to act against them in my fury" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/22.md b/ezk/20/22.md index fc4e430aa5..161bf9832b 100644 --- a/ezk/20/22.md +++ b/ezk/20/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:9] # in the eyes of the nations Here the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "in the thoughts of the people in other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/23.md b/ezk/20/23.md index bad55c08fe..4012e3bd7d 100644 --- a/ezk/20/23.md +++ b/ezk/20/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "lifted up my hand" is a symbolic action that shows he will truly do what h # scatter them among the nations and disperse them among the lands These two phrases mean basically the same thing. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 12:15](../12/15.md). Alternate translation: "cause them to separate from each other and live in different nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/24.md b/ezk/20/24.md index a827715514..fe11630bd9 100644 --- a/ezk/20/24.md +++ b/ezk/20/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their eyes were longing after their fathers' idols Here the word "eyes" represents the person who looks to the idols to worship them. Alternate translation: "They were longing after their fathers' idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/25.md b/ezk/20/25.md index 0d09a66d30..6dd647a060 100644 --- a/ezk/20/25.md +++ b/ezk/20/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words statutes in this phrase do not refer to God's law. God permitted them # gave them The word "them" refers to the children of those whom Yahweh brought out of Egypt. - diff --git a/ezk/20/26.md b/ezk/20/26.md index 2fe0004d6a..a42161f0a3 100644 --- a/ezk/20/26.md +++ b/ezk/20/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they made a sacrifice of every firstborn of the womb The phrase "firstborn of the womb" refers to the firstborn child of a woman. The phrase "made a sacrifice" can be translated with the verb "sacrifice." Alternate translation: "they sacrificed every woman's firstborn child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/27.md b/ezk/20/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/20/27.md +++ b/ezk/20/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/20/28.md b/ezk/20/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/20/28.md +++ b/ezk/20/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/20/29.md b/ezk/20/29.md index 38b837c8db..1e360f109d 100644 --- a/ezk/20/29.md +++ b/ezk/20/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this question in order to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: # the name is called Bamah The name "Bamah" means "high place," a place for worshiping idols. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people have called that place Bamah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/30.md b/ezk/20/30.md index f20f0e1b3a..b8146087eb 100644 --- a/ezk/20/30.md +++ b/ezk/20/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh asks this question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: "You shou # why do you act like prostitutes Yahweh speaks of the people being unfaithful to him as if they were acting like women who sleep with men to whom they are not married. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/31.md b/ezk/20/31.md index 1210ab98e3..faf0ecf85e 100644 --- a/ezk/20/31.md +++ b/ezk/20/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So why should I let you seek me, house of Israel? Yahweh asks this question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: "I will not let you come close to me, house of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/32.md b/ezk/20/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/20/32.md +++ b/ezk/20/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/20/33.md b/ezk/20/33.md index 092e22e62e..37ea2cd48e 100644 --- a/ezk/20/33.md +++ b/ezk/20/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "hand" and "arm" both represent power. Alternate translation: "with ve # fury that will be poured out on you Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury as if the fury were a liquid that he pours on on the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fury that I will pour out on you" or "I will express my fury towards you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/34.md b/ezk/20/34.md index 22d343a2c7..e030acbc59 100644 --- a/ezk/20/34.md +++ b/ezk/20/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # among whom you have been scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "among whom I have scattered you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/35.md b/ezk/20/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/20/35.md +++ b/ezk/20/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/20/36.md b/ezk/20/36.md index da433ba3bc..5e1c8fd875 100644 --- a/ezk/20/36.md +++ b/ezk/20/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/20/37.md b/ezk/20/37.md index bf447d9a03..14a19a04f8 100644 --- a/ezk/20/37.md +++ b/ezk/20/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will cause you to pass under my rod This refers to the practice of a shepherd counting and inspecting his sheep as the sheep walked under his staff. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will count his people whom he gathers from the nations to ensure that they are all present. Alternate translation: "I will count you carefully as a shepherd counts his sheep" or 2) Yahweh will inspect each person as they pass under his staff in order to separate the faithful from the unfaithful. Alternate translation: "I will inspect you carefully as a shepherd inspects his sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/38.md b/ezk/20/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/20/38.md +++ b/ezk/20/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/20/39.md b/ezk/20/39.md index ebfc7cffe2..bff3c8a902 100644 --- a/ezk/20/39.md +++ b/ezk/20/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # profane my holy name Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "dishonor me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/40.md b/ezk/20/40.md index 3fc6669646..79edf8b106 100644 --- a/ezk/20/40.md +++ b/ezk/20/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the best things among all that they give to him as if they were # your holy things "the offerings that you set aside to give to me" - diff --git a/ezk/20/41.md b/ezk/20/41.md index f77e527adc..958a03331a 100644 --- a/ezk/20/41.md +++ b/ezk/20/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh will bring his p # where you have been scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "where I have scattered you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/42.md b/ezk/20/42.md index 95c27a16ba..43580416ad 100644 --- a/ezk/20/42.md +++ b/ezk/20/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel. # I have lifted up my hand to swear Here "lifted up my hand" is a symbolic action that shows he will truly do what he has sworn to do. Alternate translation: "I have solemnly sworn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/43.md b/ezk/20/43.md index 400fa96b44..558a51f177 100644 --- a/ezk/20/43.md +++ b/ezk/20/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person # you will despise yourselves in your own eyes Here the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "you will hate yourselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/44.md b/ezk/20/44.md index aea6952188..4547e08c9c 100644 --- a/ezk/20/44.md +++ b/ezk/20/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of my name's sake Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate translation: "because of my reputation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/45.md b/ezk/20/45.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/20/45.md +++ b/ezk/20/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/46.md b/ezk/20/46.md index d4ce9bffcd..f9dd298db9 100644 --- a/ezk/20/46.md +++ b/ezk/20/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a command to stare at the southern lands as a symbol of punishing the pe # set your face Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" represents staring. Alternate translation: "stare" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/47.md b/ezk/20/47.md index e8c1ea8138..3cfba00f5c 100644 --- a/ezk/20/47.md +++ b/ezk/20/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the fire will burn ev # every face from the south to the north Here the word "face" represents the person. By mentioning the opposite directions, Yahweh refers to everyone who lives in the north, in the south, and everywhere in between. Alternate translation: "every person who lives in that area" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/48.md b/ezk/20/48.md index d365c30aba..47fb7e3ab2 100644 --- a/ezk/20/48.md +++ b/ezk/20/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "flesh" represents all humans. The idiom to "see" means to underst # it will not be quenched This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will not go out" or "no one will quench it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/49.md b/ezk/20/49.md index f1f8aaefa4..2a190c7118 100644 --- a/ezk/20/49.md +++ b/ezk/20/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a word that expresses distress or grief # Is he not a mere teller of parables? The people use this question to insult Ezekiel and dismiss what he is telling them. Alternate translation: "He is merely telling parables" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/20/intro.md b/ezk/20/intro.md index 054839e5a9..4b08c530ff 100644 --- a/ezk/20/intro.md +++ b/ezk/20/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Ezekiel 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Rebels cannot ask for help +### Rebels cannot ask for help -The people of Israel have rebelled against God again and again. Now they cannot come to God for help in their troubles. +The people of Israel have rebelled against God again and again. Now they cannot come to God for help in their troubles. ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/21/01.md b/ezk/21/01.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/21/01.md +++ b/ezk/21/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/02.md b/ezk/21/02.md index 136fea9de5..a944100ad9 100644 --- a/ezk/21/02.md +++ b/ezk/21/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a command to stare at Jerusalem as a symbol of punishing the people ther # set your face toward Jerusalem Jerusalem was far away, so Ezekiel could not see it, but staring in that direction would be a symbol of harming it. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 6:2](../06/02.md) Alternate translation: "Turn toward Jerusalem and stare" or "stare toward Jerusalem so that the people there will be harmed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/03.md b/ezk/21/03.md index 47dca9213b..1aae92b6cf 100644 --- a/ezk/21/03.md +++ b/ezk/21/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ something that holds and covers a sword when no one is using it # cut off This is a euphemism that means to kill. Alternate translation: "kill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/04.md b/ezk/21/04.md index fca59c9d7c..43651dc13f 100644 --- a/ezk/21/04.md +++ b/ezk/21/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "flesh" is a metonym for "people." Alternate translation: "all people" (See # from the south to the north This is a merism that refers to the area to the north, and to the south, and all places in between. Alternate translation: "in every direction" or "everywhere" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/05.md b/ezk/21/05.md index 433c2b5094..e54a6e7f64 100644 --- a/ezk/21/05.md +++ b/ezk/21/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh causing people to die as if he actually killed them with h # It will no longer hold back This speaks of Yahweh not holding back his sword from attacking people as if his sword were a person that was no longer holding itself back from attacking. Alternate translation: "and I will not put it back in its sheath again" or "I will not hold back from attacking people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/06.md b/ezk/21/06.md index 69661e86ba..7a092d6c1e 100644 --- a/ezk/21/06.md +++ b/ezk/21/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh tells Ezekiel to groan as a sign to accompany his message. He tells him t # before their eyes Here the Israelites are referred to by their "eyes" to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: "before them" or "before the Israelite people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/07.md b/ezk/21/07.md index e4c4ef3b1a..101c94531b 100644 --- a/ezk/21/07.md +++ b/ezk/21/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of people becoming fearful in their spirits as if their spirits were # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/08.md b/ezk/21/08.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/21/08.md +++ b/ezk/21/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/09.md b/ezk/21/09.md index cc422aa58b..f4a12d912d 100644 --- a/ezk/21/09.md +++ b/ezk/21/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase indicates that the sword is ready for someone to use it. This can be # polished Someone made the sword smooth, shiny, and clean by rubbing it with a rough material. - diff --git a/ezk/21/10.md b/ezk/21/10.md index a4738b41de..3dc75775e4 100644 --- a/ezk/21/10.md +++ b/ezk/21/10.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here the "sword" is personified as coming to attack the people. This speaks of t # such rod This phrase is used to mock the king's scepter by calling it a "rod." Alternate translation: "such scepter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/11.md b/ezk/21/11.md index d6bdd8341a..37b37a727c 100644 --- a/ezk/21/11.md +++ b/ezk/21/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "then the right person # it is to be given into the hand of the one who kills This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it is ready for the killer to use" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/12.md b/ezk/21/12.md index 2d3a3a800c..29afc25c68 100644 --- a/ezk/21/12.md +++ b/ezk/21/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of the leaders of Israel being killed with a sword as if they are th # slap your thigh In Ezekiel's culture, slapping one's thigh was a sign of grief. Some other translation use the gesture of beating one's breast which is a sign of grief in many cultures. Alternate translation: "beat your chests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/13.md b/ezk/21/13.md index a38f970c5f..bdab716c4f 100644 --- a/ezk/21/13.md +++ b/ezk/21/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the king of Judah is represented by his scepter. Alternate translation: "th # does not last This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "cannot resist" or "is destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/14.md b/ezk/21/14.md index 1e0987e441..b0ccc6726a 100644 --- a/ezk/21/14.md +++ b/ezk/21/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It is a sword for sla # piercing them The word "them" refers to the people of Jerusalem and of the land of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/21/15.md b/ezk/21/15.md index d7d00e4949..e8c8c1a144 100644 --- a/ezk/21/15.md +++ b/ezk/21/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This compares how the sword is well polished and how it reflects light to appear # it is grasped for slaughter The sword of Yahweh represents the men with swords that are to attack Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "released to slaughter the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/16.md b/ezk/21/16.md index edb78d965a..1ab8454118 100644 --- a/ezk/21/16.md +++ b/ezk/21/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Strike sharply to the righthand side! ... Go wherever your face is turned. Here Yahweh speaks to those who will attack his people as if they could hear him and as if they were a sword that they would use in the attack. He does this to emphasize that he is in control of what is happening during the attack. The phrase "wherever your face is turned" is an idiom for "wherever you desire to go." Alternate translation: "I tell those attacking with swords, 'Strike to the right! ... Attack in every direction.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/17.md b/ezk/21/17.md index 8e2b20dea0..6a3b89e868 100644 --- a/ezk/21/17.md +++ b/ezk/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hit my two hands together "clap my hands." Here clapping hands is a sign of triumph. Alternate translation: "clap my hands in triumph" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/18.md b/ezk/21/18.md index 2b73f2fca3..f3da89b85e 100644 --- a/ezk/21/18.md +++ b/ezk/21/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came to me again The phrase "the word of Yahweh came" is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 18:1](../18/01.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke to me again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/19.md b/ezk/21/19.md index 9c62366b21..e681dd362e 100644 --- a/ezk/21/19.md +++ b/ezk/21/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alterna # a signpost will mark one of them as leading to a city This is a sign posted where the road divides into two roads. Alternate translation: "a sign will be posted where the road divides into two roads" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/20.md b/ezk/21/20.md index 3eb8c3c586..c20ef8876b 100644 --- a/ezk/21/20.md +++ b/ezk/21/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sword This is a metonym for the Babylonian army. Alternate translation: "the Babylonian army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/21.md b/ezk/21/21.md index 8f0b03f680..e98de3ff7d 100644 --- a/ezk/21/21.md +++ b/ezk/21/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these phrases refer to the place where the two roads meet. Alternate tra # He will shake some arrows and ask direction from some idols and he will examine a liver These are divination practices. - diff --git a/ezk/21/22.md b/ezk/21/22.md index 33b4333ebb..25cef0da76 100644 --- a/ezk/21/22.md +++ b/ezk/21/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These were large dirt ramps that the Babylonian soldiers built so that they coul # siege towers These were wooden towers that the Babylonian soldiers built around Jerusalem to enable them to shoot arrows over the walls of Jerusalem. - diff --git a/ezk/21/23.md b/ezk/21/23.md index c3cb649f61..8669eb24b7 100644 --- a/ezk/21/23.md +++ b/ezk/21/23.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ The eyes are a metonym for thoughts or judgment about what the person sees. The # accuse them of iniquity -"accuse them of violating the treaty they made" \ No newline at end of file +"accuse them of violating the treaty they made" diff --git a/ezk/21/24.md b/ezk/21/24.md index b0b5ea1a67..29755bcdc1 100644 --- a/ezk/21/24.md +++ b/ezk/21/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Jerusalem. # you will be taken in hand This can be stated in active form. The "enemy's hand" represents the enemy's control. Alternate translation: "your enemy will take you in his hand" or "your enemies will capture you and take you into captivity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/25.md b/ezk/21/25.md index 5cc82cdb86..51b088b30d 100644 --- a/ezk/21/25.md +++ b/ezk/21/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "whom Yahweh will now punish" (See: [[r # whose time of committing iniquity has ended "at the time when Yahweh ends iniquity" - diff --git a/ezk/21/26.md b/ezk/21/26.md index 8bee13afdc..b551c828c6 100644 --- a/ezk/21/26.md +++ b/ezk/21/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the lowly ... the exalted This refers to people with low status and people who are exalted. Alternate translation: "those who are lowly ... those who are exalted" or "those with low status ... those with high status" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/27.md b/ezk/21/27.md index aa49174742..5c4f5d810c 100644 --- a/ezk/21/27.md +++ b/ezk/21/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the crown represents the position of king. The kingship will not be restore # the one comes who is assigned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one comes who I assign" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/28.md b/ezk/21/28.md index ab16a84863..a35d9d6955 100644 --- a/ezk/21/28.md +++ b/ezk/21/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of the soldiers killing people as if they were animals devouring the # so it will be like lightning This means that the sword is so shiny that light reflects off of it easily and brightly. Alternate translation: "and light reflects off of it as brightly as lightning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/29.md b/ezk/21/29.md index b3a2731e6f..3a993664f6 100644 --- a/ezk/21/29.md +++ b/ezk/21/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who are about to die" # whose day of punishment has come and whose time of iniquity is about to end The phrases "day of" and "time of" are idioms. Alternate translation: "for the time has come for them to be punished and for their iniquity to end" or "for the time has come for me to punish them and for them to no longer be able to commit wickedness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/30.md b/ezk/21/30.md index 568342159b..c9d07ca38a 100644 --- a/ezk/21/30.md +++ b/ezk/21/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is something that holds and covers a sword when no one is using it. See how # In the place of your creation The word "creation" may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "In the place that I created you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/31.md b/ezk/21/31.md index 1544b85942..6d0dfc61d5 100644 --- a/ezk/21/31.md +++ b/ezk/21/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The "hand" of the men refers to their control. Alternate translation: "the contr # craftsmen of destruction "men who cause great destruction" - diff --git a/ezk/21/32.md b/ezk/21/32.md index 669cc4326b..15fa0c89cf 100644 --- a/ezk/21/32.md +++ b/ezk/21/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Ammon. # You will not be remembered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one will remember you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/21/intro.md b/ezk/21/intro.md index 24b8777ae6..b17e64cd4b 100644 --- a/ezk/21/intro.md +++ b/ezk/21/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Ezekiel 21 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Refusing to learn +### Refusing to learn -Judah has refused to learn from their punishment, so God is about to destroy the nation in war. +Judah has refused to learn from their punishment, so God is about to destroy the nation in war. ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/22/01.md b/ezk/22/01.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/22/01.md +++ b/ezk/22/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/02.md b/ezk/22/02.md index b8c8eb68a1..d8141bc2c6 100644 --- a/ezk/22/02.md +++ b/ezk/22/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "blood" is a metonym for murder. Alternate translation: "the city where # her The word "her" refers to Jerusalem. Cities were often thought of as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/03.md b/ezk/22/03.md index be85af2155..7d2edc0f2a 100644 --- a/ezk/22/03.md +++ b/ezk/22/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the time when Yahweh will destroy them. Alternate translation: "s # unclean A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/04.md b/ezk/22/04.md index cd52147c32..baf69d42d0 100644 --- a/ezk/22/04.md +++ b/ezk/22/04.md @@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ The images of days being brought to a close and years coming to an end are both This can be reworded so that the nouns "scorn" and "laughingstock" are expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: "I will make the nations scorn you and all the lands ridicule you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) -# an object of scorn +# an object of scorn -someone whom people disapprove of or treat with disgust +someone whom people disapprove of or treat with disgust # a laughingstock @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ a person whom people ridicule or mock # to all the lands This generalization refers to the places who are familiar with Jerusalem and represents the people who live in these places. Alternate translation: "of the people of every nearby land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/05.md b/ezk/22/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/22/05.md +++ b/ezk/22/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/22/06.md b/ezk/22/06.md index b9692cb90b..41c6203679 100644 --- a/ezk/22/06.md +++ b/ezk/22/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks to the city of Jerusalem itself as if it were a woman who could h # to pour out blood This speaks of murdering people as pouring out blood. Alternate translation: "to murder people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/07.md b/ezk/22/07.md index f5b30fd814..1212bdbf22 100644 --- a/ezk/22/07.md +++ b/ezk/22/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks to the city of Jerusalem itself as if it were a woman who could he # performed oppression on "oppressed" - diff --git a/ezk/22/08.md b/ezk/22/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/22/08.md +++ b/ezk/22/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/22/09.md b/ezk/22/09.md index 21468780e4..4f2837a740 100644 --- a/ezk/22/09.md +++ b/ezk/22/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the mountains" refer to the altars on the mountains that are dedicated to # perform wickedness in your midst "do evil things among you" - diff --git a/ezk/22/10.md b/ezk/22/10.md index b5d3ac135e..5ccce5e183 100644 --- a/ezk/22/10.md +++ b/ezk/22/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are all ways to express that the men have had slept with women they should # unclean ... impurity A person whom God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. The word "impurity" is a euphemism for the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb. Women were considered to be unclean at this time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/11.md b/ezk/22/11.md index 2b0048474a..5afc37163c 100644 --- a/ezk/22/11.md +++ b/ezk/22/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # commit abominations with their neighbors' wives ... make their own daughters-in-law shamefully unclean ... abuse their own sisters These are all ways to express that the men have had slept with women they should not have and how sinful their actions are. Alternate translation: "commit abominations by sleeping with their neighbors' wives... make their own daughters-in-law shamefully unclean by sleeping with them ... rape their own sisters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/12.md b/ezk/22/12.md index 2c0fb8ee7c..f8e8c8c5e6 100644 --- a/ezk/22/12.md +++ b/ezk/22/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Refusing to obey Yahweh is like forgetting that he exists. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/13.md b/ezk/22/13.md index 52daa4b51e..02c9cb03ba 100644 --- a/ezk/22/13.md +++ b/ezk/22/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Jerusalem by speaking directly to the # the bloodshed that is done in the midst of you "the murder that people commit in you" - diff --git a/ezk/22/14.md b/ezk/22/14.md index 06066ba420..b62a3b87c6 100644 --- a/ezk/22/14.md +++ b/ezk/22/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the whole person is referred to by his "heart" to emphasize his emotions an # will your hands be strong Here the whole person is referred to by his "hands." Alternate translation: "will you be strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/15.md b/ezk/22/15.md index 6c869abb75..7fe2bb372b 100644 --- a/ezk/22/15.md +++ b/ezk/22/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as i # the nations Here the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. Alternate translation: "the people in other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/16.md b/ezk/22/16.md index f2d5171fd8..ad236c7646 100644 --- a/ezk/22/16.md +++ b/ezk/22/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. The "eyes" repr # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/17.md b/ezk/22/17.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/22/17.md +++ b/ezk/22/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/18.md b/ezk/22/18.md index f51c4c835e..0cd9a12e8b 100644 --- a/ezk/22/18.md +++ b/ezk/22/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Dross is the impurities that are left over after silver or gold has been purifie # All of them are the leftovers of bronze and tin ... like the dross of silver in your furnace Yahweh continues to speaks about how the people have become worthless to him as if they were dross. Alternate translation: "All of them are as worthless as the leftover of bronze and tin, and iron and lead that remain after you melt silver in the furnace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/19.md b/ezk/22/19.md index 265d5ea67d..2b47e612c7 100644 --- a/ezk/22/19.md +++ b/ezk/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # behold "look" or "listen" or "pay attention to what I am about to tell you" - diff --git a/ezk/22/20.md b/ezk/22/20.md index d138ae622d..b32ef71f81 100644 --- a/ezk/22/20.md +++ b/ezk/22/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues to describe his punishment of the people of Israel in Jerusalem as # I will gather you in my anger and my wrath The phrases with "anger" and "wrath" are used together to emphasize that he was extremely angry. Alternate translation: "Because of my great anger and wrath, I will gather you" or "I will be furiously angry with you, and I will gather you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/21.md b/ezk/22/21.md index a7975a02ec..f51708cfcb 100644 --- a/ezk/22/21.md +++ b/ezk/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will gather you and blow on you the fire of my wrath This is the image of a person gathering the metals in the furnace and blowing the fire to make it hotter. Yahweh speaks of the greatness of his wrath as if it were a fire that he was blowing to make it hotter. Alternate translation: "I will gather you, and my wrath will be like a fire that I will blow on you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/22.md b/ezk/22/22.md index 53fb3d8c95..ac767ddfe8 100644 --- a/ezk/22/22.md +++ b/ezk/22/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "it" refers to Jerusalem. # have poured out my wrath on you God speaks of punishing the people as if his wrath were a liquid that he would pour on them. Alternate translation: "have punished you in my anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/23.md b/ezk/22/23.md index 8bb9d55413..ba9a47024f 100644 --- a/ezk/22/23.md +++ b/ezk/22/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak to Jerusalem. # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/24.md b/ezk/22/24.md index f6cd5d2e0e..ca4a459744 100644 --- a/ezk/22/24.md +++ b/ezk/22/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as i # There is no rain on the day of wrath Rain is used as an example of God's blessing. Alternate translation: "There is no blessing on the day of wrath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/25.md b/ezk/22/25.md index 2d3dfca573..1f0fd2df2c 100644 --- a/ezk/22/25.md +++ b/ezk/22/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This compares the prophets of Israel to lions who attack and kill their victims. # they make many widows within her The word "her" refers to Israel. They "make many widows" by killing married men. Alternate translation: "they make many women into widows by killing their husbands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/26.md b/ezk/22/26.md index f9004f8860..d02c07cac0 100644 --- a/ezk/22/26.md +++ b/ezk/22/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of the people ignoring and not observing the Sabbath and if they wer # so that I am profaned in their midst This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and profane me among themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/28.md b/ezk/22/28.md index 6d29480a01..8e5aed15d6 100644 --- a/ezk/22/28.md +++ b/ezk/22/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a solution that is painted on things to make them white that is similar # their seers The word "their" refers to the priests ([Ezekiel 22:26](../22/26.md)) and princes ([Ezekiel 22:27](../22/27.md)) . - diff --git a/ezk/22/29.md b/ezk/22/29.md index 6c3dea658b..805276eb8e 100644 --- a/ezk/22/29.md +++ b/ezk/22/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to when someone threatens or hurts another person in order to make t # the poor and needy This refers to poor and needy people. Alternate translation: "those who are poor and needy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/30.md b/ezk/22/30.md index 6340bab548..cf4690f949 100644 --- a/ezk/22/30.md +++ b/ezk/22/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Its "breach" refers to a gap in the wall. This speaks of the man defending the p # for the land so I would not destroy it Here the "land" represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: "for the people so that I would not destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/31.md b/ezk/22/31.md index d77ec4ed5e..4cbbe88e40 100644 --- a/ezk/22/31.md +++ b/ezk/22/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ anger of a person who has suffered injustice # I will finish them with the fire of my indignation This speaks of how harsh Yahweh's judgement is by comparing it to a fire. Here destroying the people is referred to as "finishing" them. Alternate translation: "I will destroy them with my wrath which is as intense as a blazing fire" or "I will destroy them with my wrath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/22/intro.md b/ezk/22/intro.md index ca96bcccca..d0d1e3511f 100644 --- a/ezk/22/intro.md +++ b/ezk/22/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 22 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Continuous evil +### Continuous evil Murder, idolatry and all sorts of evil have been done in Jerusalem; so God will destroy the city and scatter the people among the nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Murder, idolatry and all sorts of evil have been done in Jerusalem; so God will * __[Ezekiel 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/23/01.md b/ezk/23/01.md index 969bfcf889..5d5e83acea 100644 --- a/ezk/23/01.md +++ b/ezk/23/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of how the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria have been unfaithful to # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/02.md b/ezk/23/02.md index 6187099126..3768025955 100644 --- a/ezk/23/02.md +++ b/ezk/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Son of man "Son of a human being" or "Son of humanity." God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: "Mortal person" or "Human" - diff --git a/ezk/23/03.md b/ezk/23/03.md index 0f6f25f9c2..222ca6563d 100644 --- a/ezk/23/03.md +++ b/ezk/23/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase means basically the same thing as the previous phrase and emphasizes # fondled to be touched lovingly or softly - diff --git a/ezk/23/04.md b/ezk/23/04.md index 58088e988e..d3a526a707 100644 --- a/ezk/23/04.md +++ b/ezk/23/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a woman that means "her tent." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tr # Oholibah This is the name of a woman that means "my tent is in her." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/05.md b/ezk/23/05.md index cda362bd19..ebce5a13f7 100644 --- a/ezk/23/05.md +++ b/ezk/23/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to when she was his wife. Alternate translation: "while she was stil # who were dominant "who ruled over her" - diff --git a/ezk/23/06.md b/ezk/23/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/23/06.md +++ b/ezk/23/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/23/07.md b/ezk/23/07.md index f732c4d59c..dce05e7f89 100644 --- a/ezk/23/07.md +++ b/ezk/23/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This implies that she slept with all of these men and worshiped the idols they w # unclean A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/08.md b/ezk/23/08.md index 4f37a2cc57..86dda952f6 100644 --- a/ezk/23/08.md +++ b/ezk/23/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of lust as if it were a large amount of water that they were pouring # bosom Here this word, which refers to the chest, shoulders, and arms is probably a euphemism for the breasts. Alternate translation: "breasts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/09.md b/ezk/23/09.md index 4a275dbfcd..0945965d8b 100644 --- a/ezk/23/09.md +++ b/ezk/23/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I gave her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the Assyrians The word "hand" refers to power or control. The two phrases have the same meaning and the second phrase explains that "her lovers" were "the Assyrians." Alternate translation: "I gave her over to her lovers, the Assyrians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/10.md b/ezk/23/10.md index ae5549dd3e..fcfeedfb19 100644 --- a/ezk/23/10.md +++ b/ezk/23/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they executed judgment on her This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "they talked about her disgrace" or "she had a bad reputation among them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/11.md b/ezk/23/11.md index 45f7afa38e..53dcbaaba5 100644 --- a/ezk/23/11.md +++ b/ezk/23/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and # Oholibah This is the name of a woman that means "my tent is in her." See how you translated this name in [Ezekiel 23:4](../23/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/12.md b/ezk/23/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/23/12.md +++ b/ezk/23/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/23/13.md b/ezk/23/13.md index 70a5feadaa..b9c3c1f538 100644 --- a/ezk/23/13.md +++ b/ezk/23/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as i # It was the same for both sisters This refers to how they had both made themselves unclean. Alternate translation: "Both sisters became unclean through their acts of prostitution" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/14.md b/ezk/23/14.md index 3d9c9e09bc..dc139c6301 100644 --- a/ezk/23/14.md +++ b/ezk/23/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two sexually immoral women. This metaphor continues through Ezekiel 23:34. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/15.md b/ezk/23/15.md index f785624805..d2fab56237 100644 --- a/ezk/23/15.md +++ b/ezk/23/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ soldiers who drive chariots and who run ahead of and beside them # sons of Babylonia "Babylonians" - diff --git a/ezk/23/16.md b/ezk/23/16.md index 3d9c9e09bc..dc139c6301 100644 --- a/ezk/23/16.md +++ b/ezk/23/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two sexually immoral women. This metaphor continues through Ezekiel 23:34. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/17.md b/ezk/23/17.md index 565f9a3b3c..048f372fc9 100644 --- a/ezk/23/17.md +++ b/ezk/23/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as i # so she turned herself away from them This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "so she rejected them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/18.md b/ezk/23/18.md index 3d9c9e09bc..dc139c6301 100644 --- a/ezk/23/18.md +++ b/ezk/23/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two sexually immoral women. This metaphor continues through Ezekiel 23:34. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/19.md b/ezk/23/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/23/19.md +++ b/ezk/23/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/23/20.md b/ezk/23/20.md index 4324917b58..5ef6d754fb 100644 --- a/ezk/23/20.md +++ b/ezk/23/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This compares the size of the mens' private parts to those of a donkey to show h # whose reproductive emissions were like those of horses This compares the volume of the mens' emissions to those of a horse to show how wicked Oholibah's desires were. This is an exaggeration as they could not be like those of a horse. Alternate translation: "whose reproductive emissions were huge, like those of a horse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/21.md b/ezk/23/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/23/21.md +++ b/ezk/23/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/23/22.md b/ezk/23/22.md index f853c83a00..3b2fea279e 100644 --- a/ezk/23/22.md +++ b/ezk/23/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and # I will bring them against you from every side "I will cause them to attack you from all directions" - diff --git a/ezk/23/23.md b/ezk/23/23.md index 627890177b..2e8f907929 100644 --- a/ezk/23/23.md +++ b/ezk/23/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names places in Babylonia. These places represent the soldiers fro # strong, handsome men, governors and officials ... all of them riding on horses This is the description of the men of Assyria that Oholah had slept with who are now turning against her. This is similar to the description given in [Ezekiel 23:6](../23/06.md). - diff --git a/ezk/23/24.md b/ezk/23/24.md index c0999bcf4b..633c39c03e 100644 --- a/ezk/23/24.md +++ b/ezk/23/24.md @@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ The word "judge" is a metonym for the punishment that follows the judgment. Alte # according to their judgments -"according to their customs" or "according to the way they punish people" or "as they think best" \ No newline at end of file +"according to their customs" or "according to the way they punish people" or "as they think best" diff --git a/ezk/23/25.md b/ezk/23/25.md index c5ce185b87..6f1fa633bb 100644 --- a/ezk/23/25.md +++ b/ezk/23/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "fall" is a euphemism for "die." The word "sword" is a metonym for sold # your survivors will be devoured by fire This speaks of the survivors being burned by fire as if the fire were an animal attacking and eating them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your survivors will be burned by fire" or "fire will burn your survivors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/26.md b/ezk/23/26.md index 3d9c9e09bc..dc139c6301 100644 --- a/ezk/23/26.md +++ b/ezk/23/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two sexually immoral women. This metaphor continues through Ezekiel 23:34. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/27.md b/ezk/23/27.md index 382fee2466..9eeb4cb5e2 100644 --- a/ezk/23/27.md +++ b/ezk/23/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a way to refer to a person turning their head to look at something. Here # you will think of Egypt no longer Here "Egypt" represents the shameful things that she did in Egypt. Alternate translation: "you will think about the things you did in Egypt no longer" or "you will not think about what you did in Egypt any more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/28.md b/ezk/23/28.md index c9018a7027..9266aa8246 100644 --- a/ezk/23/28.md +++ b/ezk/23/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases have the same meaning. It means that they will be captured by # into the hand Here the word "hand" refers to control. Alternate translation: "into the control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/29.md b/ezk/23/29.md index 99604730b3..fe0e14cc19 100644 --- a/ezk/23/29.md +++ b/ezk/23/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These instances of the same English word translate two different Hebrew words th # your wicked deeds Or "your wicked plans." The word "wickedness" here is probably specifically sexual immorality. - diff --git a/ezk/23/30.md b/ezk/23/30.md index 2ca987e5c7..5dccfaf816 100644 --- a/ezk/23/30.md +++ b/ezk/23/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ She became unclean by worshiping the idols. Alternate translation: "became uncle # unclean A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 23:7](../23/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/31.md b/ezk/23/31.md index f287115ef5..a64a63c9e4 100644 --- a/ezk/23/31.md +++ b/ezk/23/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so I will put her cup of punishment into your hand This refers to Oholibah's punishment that she will receive as if it were a cup of wine. Alternate translation: "so I will cause you to be punished in the same way as your sister" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/32.md b/ezk/23/32.md index 4e79ef0805..74808948f5 100644 --- a/ezk/23/32.md +++ b/ezk/23/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Both of these phrases refer to a person who is laughed at and criticized because # this cup contains a great amount This sentence does not say what is in the cup because it is understood by reading [Ezekiel 23:31](../23/31.md). Alternate translation: "this cup contains a great amount of punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/33.md b/ezk/23/33.md index c40fbbc75a..3dca053868 100644 --- a/ezk/23/33.md +++ b/ezk/23/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of being very drunk and full of sorrow as if drunkenness and sorrow # the cup of your sister Samaria Oholibah's sister Oholah represents Samaria. Samaria is called by it's name but still referred to as a sister. The cup is a symbol for the punishment that she received. Alternate translation: "for this is the same cup of punishment that your sister, who represents Samaria, drank" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/34.md b/ezk/23/34.md index 832f9f848b..62280a97ac 100644 --- a/ezk/23/34.md +++ b/ezk/23/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/35.md b/ezk/23/35.md index 81fb642467..2f91c00b34 100644 --- a/ezk/23/35.md +++ b/ezk/23/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thrown me away behind your back Yahweh speaks of Oholibah rejecting him as if he were an object that she had thrown behind her back and forgotten. Alternate translation: "rejected me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/36.md b/ezk/23/36.md index 9c177e3c27..f1e1fcade9 100644 --- a/ezk/23/36.md +++ b/ezk/23/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this rhetorical question as a command for Ezekiel. This question can # Son of man "Son of a human being" or "Son of humanity." God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). - diff --git a/ezk/23/37.md b/ezk/23/37.md index e3595eb320..9837903fe4 100644 --- a/ezk/23/37.md +++ b/ezk/23/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there is blood on their hands This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "they have murdered people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/38.md b/ezk/23/38.md index ab9b72fbcc..0e759d1684 100644 --- a/ezk/23/38.md +++ b/ezk/23/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person or thing God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of # on the same day they defile my Sabbaths The phrase "same day" refers to the previous phrase "make my sanctuary unclean." Alternate translation: "on the same day on which they make my sanctuary unclean, they defile my Sabbaths" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/39.md b/ezk/23/39.md index 574f365245..ac6f9c5547 100644 --- a/ezk/23/39.md +++ b/ezk/23/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the middle of my house This refers to the house in general. The reference to the "middle" emphasizes that what was done happened openly in the temple and defiled the whole place. Alternate translation: "in my own house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/40.md b/ezk/23/40.md index 39645d2f9e..0574799054 100644 --- a/ezk/23/40.md +++ b/ezk/23/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are things done by a woman to make her appear more beautiful to a man. # you bathed Here the word "you" switches to singular and refers to only one sister, but the situation is probably the same for both sisters. If one sister must be specified in your language, refer to Oholibah here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/41.md b/ezk/23/41.md index 8af7cd63d5..6e8752c738 100644 --- a/ezk/23/41.md +++ b/ezk/23/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "you" switches to singular and refers to only one sister, but the # my incense and my oil These are items used in worship to Yahweh. - diff --git a/ezk/23/42.md b/ezk/23/42.md index 6af98ca0ac..54a2dcbe96 100644 --- a/ezk/23/42.md +++ b/ezk/23/42.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. The word "Sabeans" refers to people from Sheb # they put bracelets The word "they" refers to the men. - diff --git a/ezk/23/44.md b/ezk/23/44.md index 5bf3ac78b5..8b0e7920c5 100644 --- a/ezk/23/44.md +++ b/ezk/23/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that they had sexual relations with her. (See: [[ # In this way they went to Oholah and Oholibah "This is how they had sexual relations with Oholah and Oholibah" - diff --git a/ezk/23/45.md b/ezk/23/45.md index 198bb8efd7..52334173d1 100644 --- a/ezk/23/45.md +++ b/ezk/23/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "condemn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # who shed blood ... blood is on their hands This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "who murder people ... murderers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/46.md b/ezk/23/46.md index ed716d9674..bfd0ea3ccc 100644 --- a/ezk/23/46.md +++ b/ezk/23/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh gives up the responsibility to take care of them and allows them to suffe # to be terrorized and plundered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the company to terrorize and plunder them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/47.md b/ezk/23/47.md index dd35305aae..59341311d3 100644 --- a/ezk/23/47.md +++ b/ezk/23/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cut them down This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "kill them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/48.md b/ezk/23/48.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/23/48.md +++ b/ezk/23/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/23/49.md b/ezk/23/49.md index 19fe78de0c..2ed09db373 100644 --- a/ezk/23/49.md +++ b/ezk/23/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "cause you to accept responsibility for # bear the guilt of your sins with your idols "accept responsibility for the guilt of your sins with your idols." This implies that they will be punished for their sins. Alternate translation: "receive the punishment for sinning by worshiping your idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/23/intro.md b/ezk/23/intro.md index 0aeaff7601..e6b4ac43ce 100644 --- a/ezk/23/intro.md +++ b/ezk/23/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 23 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Israel and Judah have been unfaithful to God by worshiping idols. They are compared to two unfaithful wives who have repeatedly committed adultery. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Israel and Judah have been unfaithful to God by worshiping idols. They are compa * __[Ezekiel 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/24/01.md b/ezk/24/01.md index 341066959a..d8b1f5257b 100644 --- a/ezk/24/01.md +++ b/ezk/24/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets # the tenth month, and on the tenth day of the month "the tenth day of the tenth month" or "the 10th day of the 10th month." This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the beginning of January on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/02.md b/ezk/24/02.md index 0a7a8cd00e..27d1c1654a 100644 --- a/ezk/24/02.md +++ b/ezk/24/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the king of Babylon has besieged The army of Babylon is referred to by its leader. Alternate translation: "the army of the king of Babylon has besieged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/03.md b/ezk/24/03.md index 9fc3aad13a..efb818bdfa 100644 --- a/ezk/24/03.md +++ b/ezk/24/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represents Jerusalem # this rebellious house This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: "this rebellious people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/04.md b/ezk/24/04.md index 4fa20505e4..42e73024de 100644 --- a/ezk/24/04.md +++ b/ezk/24/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gather pieces of food Here "food" refers specifically to meat. Alternate translation: "Place pieces of meat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/05.md b/ezk/24/05.md index 573d320359..01d03b76ef 100644 --- a/ezk/24/05.md +++ b/ezk/24/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "flock" refers to sheep, not birds. # pile up the bones under it Some cultures add bones to a fire because they burn longer than wood. This refers to the bones that remained after the best bones were placed in the pot. Alternate translation: "place the rest of the bones under the pot to fuel the fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/06.md b/ezk/24/06.md index a55644c1b4..35bc4d40ae 100644 --- a/ezk/24/06.md +++ b/ezk/24/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh does not give this command to a specific person. This is a general comman # but do not cast lots for it Casting lots was a way of choosing which pieces of meat to take out, but because Yahweh wants to take out all of the pieces of meat, there is no need to cast lots. - diff --git a/ezk/24/07.md b/ezk/24/07.md index 57dc31d746..f09dfee3b8 100644 --- a/ezk/24/07.md +++ b/ezk/24/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This personifies Jerusalem as a person who murdered the people and chose where t # has set it on the smooth rock "has put the blood on bare rocks" - diff --git a/ezk/24/08.md b/ezk/24/08.md index e235da12ca..42caea803d 100644 --- a/ezk/24/08.md +++ b/ezk/24/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Yahweh is speaking about himself taking revenge on those who murdered the p # so it could not be covered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that no one could cover it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/09.md b/ezk/24/09.md index a11a1dba2e..1668fa5a8c 100644 --- a/ezk/24/09.md +++ b/ezk/24/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "blood" is a reference to "murder." Alternate translation: "the city of mur # I will also enlarge the pile of wood It is implied that the pile of wood is under the cooking pot that represents Jerusalem. "I will make the pile of wood on the fire under you even bigger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/10.md b/ezk/24/10.md index add4b83c4a..0a2732f0de 100644 --- a/ezk/24/10.md +++ b/ezk/24/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # let the bones be charred This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "burn the bones" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/11.md b/ezk/24/11.md index 040008a3de..6d1acf6b21 100644 --- a/ezk/24/11.md +++ b/ezk/24/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ rust # consumed burned away - diff --git a/ezk/24/12.md b/ezk/24/12.md index 3002779f22..9b49de2478 100644 --- a/ezk/24/12.md +++ b/ezk/24/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ difficult labor # but her corrosion has not gone out of her by the fire The phrase "has not gone out of her" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "but the fire did not burn away her corrosion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/13.md b/ezk/24/13.md index e2c3021cdc..16ea57e202 100644 --- a/ezk/24/13.md +++ b/ezk/24/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represent # until I have satisfied my fury upon you. This speaks of Yahweh punishing the people in his anger as if it were his "fury" that were punishing them. Alternate translation: "until I am finished punishing you and am no longer furious with you" or "until I have punished you and I am longer angry with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/14.md b/ezk/24/14.md index c578b60751..53b1d0b132 100644 --- a/ezk/24/14.md +++ b/ezk/24/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represent # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/15.md b/ezk/24/15.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/24/15.md +++ b/ezk/24/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/16.md b/ezk/24/16.md index b6f0e6997e..00aa344274 100644 --- a/ezk/24/16.md +++ b/ezk/24/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ or "desire" in a good way # you must not mourn nor weep, and your tears must not flow These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Ezekiel is not to cry about his wife dying. Alternate translation: "you must not mourn nor weep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/17.md b/ezk/24/17.md index 5f1dcf8dac..d98c36fc2f 100644 --- a/ezk/24/17.md +++ b/ezk/24/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a simple shoe held onto the foot with straps around the ankles # do not cover your facial hair In Israel, men would shave their beards to express sorrow, then cover their faces until their facial hair grew back. Yahweh told Ezekiel not to cover his facial hair in order to show that he had not shaved his face to express his sorrow. Alternate translation: "do not mourn by veiling your facial hair" or "do not mourn by shaving and covering your beard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/18.md b/ezk/24/18.md index 0fb8df779e..53809b325b 100644 --- a/ezk/24/18.md +++ b/ezk/24/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In the morning "The next morning" - diff --git a/ezk/24/19.md b/ezk/24/19.md index f9a0184f54..1e71e0e7e7 100644 --- a/ezk/24/19.md +++ b/ezk/24/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The people of Israel question Ezekiel, and Ezekiel tells them what Yahweh has said to them. - diff --git a/ezk/24/20.md b/ezk/24/20.md index bf746d6241..1d4e483355 100644 --- a/ezk/24/20.md +++ b/ezk/24/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/21.md b/ezk/24/21.md index 26c06385aa..c20e867c10 100644 --- a/ezk/24/21.md +++ b/ezk/24/21.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here Yahweh refers to the people by their "soul" to emphasize their inner feelin # your sons and your daughters ... will fall by the sword This refers to their enemies by their swords. Alternate translation: "your sons and daughters ... will be killed in war" or "your enemies will kill your sons and your daughters ... with their swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/22.md b/ezk/24/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/24/22.md +++ b/ezk/24/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/24/23.md b/ezk/24/23.md index 8a1286703e..8e6e96dd63 100644 --- a/ezk/24/23.md +++ b/ezk/24/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This implies that God will not forgive the sins of these people. Alternate trans # groan This is the sound a person makes who wants help, but who has too much pain or sorrow to speak. - diff --git a/ezk/24/24.md b/ezk/24/24.md index 659b9fcc42..11b586184e 100644 --- a/ezk/24/24.md +++ b/ezk/24/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Ezekiel will be a sign for you Here the word "sign" refers to something that communicates a special warning to those who see it. Yahweh speaks of Ezekiel and his actions as being this warning. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 12:6](../12/06.md). Alternate translation: "So Ezekiel will be a warning for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/25.md b/ezk/24/25.md index 5ec0993f48..1759fe7fe7 100644 --- a/ezk/24/25.md +++ b/ezk/24/25.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ Here "stronghold" is a metaphor for the temple. Yahweh speaks of destroying the # the burden of their soul -Here the word "burden" is used in a good sense. "What they think most about" or "What they love the most." \ No newline at end of file +Here the word "burden" is used in a good sense. "What they think most about" or "What they love the most." diff --git a/ezk/24/26.md b/ezk/24/26.md index 8397fc9b19..c1ded1cea5 100644 --- a/ezk/24/26.md +++ b/ezk/24/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # refugee someone who has been forced to leave his country because of war or another disaster - diff --git a/ezk/24/27.md b/ezk/24/27.md index f02b39265a..d6b9fa0ff6 100644 --- a/ezk/24/27.md +++ b/ezk/24/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "sign" refers to something that communicates a special warning to # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/24/intro.md b/ezk/24/intro.md index 494ab46671..0255eea558 100644 --- a/ezk/24/intro.md +++ b/ezk/24/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Ezekiel 24 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Too many sins to be forgiven +### Too many sins to be forgiven The people of Jerusalem cannot be cleaned from their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Jerusalem is compared to a pot, so rusted that it cannot be cleaned from its rust. They have been completely rotted by their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jerusalem is compared to a pot, so rusted that it cannot be cleaned from its rus * __[Ezekiel 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/25/01.md b/ezk/25/01.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/25/01.md +++ b/ezk/25/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/02.md b/ezk/25/02.md index db45c0a8cc..be7575225c 100644 --- a/ezk/25/02.md +++ b/ezk/25/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Ammon was far away, so Ezekiel could not see the people there, but staring in th # prophesy against them "prophesy about the bad things that will happen to them." This means to prophesy about the horrible things that will happen to the people of Ammon. See how you translated a similar phrase in in [Ezekiel 4:7](../04/07.md). - diff --git a/ezk/25/03.md b/ezk/25/03.md index ac51a2a065..ce44687b3e 100644 --- a/ezk/25/03.md +++ b/ezk/25/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "against my sanctuary # the house of Judah The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/04.md b/ezk/25/04.md index 740a5116f1..195910be82 100644 --- a/ezk/25/04.md +++ b/ezk/25/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of the enemy army conquering the land of Ammon and taking possession # They will eat your fruit and they will drink your milk It may be helpful to specify the source of the fruit and milk. Alternate translation: "They will eat the fruit from your trees and drink the milk from your cattle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/05.md b/ezk/25/05.md index d9c9a1270a..acce721576 100644 --- a/ezk/25/05.md +++ b/ezk/25/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the phrase "the people of Ammon" refers to the land that belonged to the pe # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/06.md b/ezk/25/06.md index 8f67e5fcfa..eccf99b8f4 100644 --- a/ezk/25/06.md +++ b/ezk/25/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These actions are ways to show strong emotions. In this case the people are chee # all the contempt within you against the land of Israel Here the phrase "the land of Israel" represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: "all of the hatred you feel towards the people who live in Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/07.md b/ezk/25/07.md index 568d5705e6..420bace27d 100644 --- a/ezk/25/07.md +++ b/ezk/25/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "you" refers to the people of Ammon but is also a metonym for their lan # I will cut you off from the peoples ... make you perish from among the lands These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh will completely destroy the people of Ammon so that they are no longer a nation. Alternate translation: "I will completely destroy you so that you are no longer a nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/08.md b/ezk/25/08.md index 85bd2c6b14..eafbdb5f4f 100644 --- a/ezk/25/08.md +++ b/ezk/25/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These places refer to the people who live in them. Alternate translation: "the p # The house of Judah is The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "The Judah people group are" or "The people of Judah are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/09.md b/ezk/25/09.md index d43aa9faa4..88c1f41df9 100644 --- a/ezk/25/09.md +++ b/ezk/25/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # starting at his cities Here the city of Moab is spoken of with the masculine pronoun "his." Alternate translation: "starting at its cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/10.md b/ezk/25/10.md index 5f4c4c0d9c..597b310b59 100644 --- a/ezk/25/10.md +++ b/ezk/25/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of allowing the armies from the east to conquer Ammon as if A # so that the people of Ammon will not be remembered among the nations This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that the nations will not remember the people of Ammon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/11.md b/ezk/25/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/25/11.md +++ b/ezk/25/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/25/12.md b/ezk/25/12.md index 2036014294..d995cf03f4 100644 --- a/ezk/25/12.md +++ b/ezk/25/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Edom" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "The peo # the house of Judah The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/13.md b/ezk/25/13.md index 819b8fdca4..8ffe14974e 100644 --- a/ezk/25/13.md +++ b/ezk/25/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of punishing the people as if he were literally hitting them # They will fall by the sword The word "fall" represents being killed and the word "sword" refers to their enemies who will kill them in battle. Alternate translation: "Their enemies will kill them with their swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/14.md b/ezk/25/14.md index a9e5fb1e6f..93ce6e024e 100644 --- a/ezk/25/14.md +++ b/ezk/25/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "fury" means basically the same thing as and intensifies the word "ange # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/15.md b/ezk/25/15.md index 97d122fee7..6f9756d491 100644 --- a/ezk/25/15.md +++ b/ezk/25/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to destroy Judah Here "Judah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "to destroy the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/16.md b/ezk/25/16.md index 2ceee86b1e..c63192343c 100644 --- a/ezk/25/16.md +++ b/ezk/25/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I will destroy" or "I will get rid of" # Kerethites people who lived in the city of Kereth in Philistia (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/25/17.md b/ezk/25/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/25/17.md +++ b/ezk/25/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/25/intro.md b/ezk/25/intro.md index 2702d02212..4f8371d517 100644 --- a/ezk/25/intro.md +++ b/ezk/25/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Ezekiel 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +### Prophecy against other nations -#### Prophecy against other nations This chapter includes prophecies against some Gentile nations. Ammon, Moab, Edom and Philistia will all be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter includes prophecies against some Gentile nations. Ammon, Moab, Edom * __[Ezekiel 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/26/01.md b/ezk/26/01.md index 43f0873f6a..0dcd1af6ef 100644 --- a/ezk/26/01.md +++ b/ezk/26/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/02.md b/ezk/26/02.md index 308d5f751d..6834eee887 100644 --- a/ezk/26/02.md +++ b/ezk/26/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here to be "filled up" represents being prosperous. Alternate translation: "I wi # she is ruined "Jerusalem is ruined" - diff --git a/ezk/26/03.md b/ezk/26/03.md index 684f8f13c5..f8883effb7 100644 --- a/ezk/26/03.md +++ b/ezk/26/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will raise up many nations against you like the sea raises its waves Here the word "nations" refers to their armies. Alternate translation: "I will gather armies from many nations that will beat against you like the waves in the raging sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/04.md b/ezk/26/04.md index 35d733c445..76c551ae5a 100644 --- a/ezk/26/04.md +++ b/ezk/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will sweep her dust away and make her like a bare rock Yahweh speaks of how he will cause Tyre to be completely destroyed. Alternate translation: "I will cause the armies to completely destroy the city, and they will leave nothing there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/05.md b/ezk/26/05.md index c3c3bef847..7d7ce66ad8 100644 --- a/ezk/26/05.md +++ b/ezk/26/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Part of Tyre was an island. This expression is a metonym for the results of Tyre # she will become plunder for the nations "Plunder" means things that people steal or take by force. Here Tyre becoming plunder represents its wealth being carried off by other nations. Alternate translation: "the armies of the nations will take away every valuable thing from Tyre" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/06.md b/ezk/26/06.md index 6cf93d1d60..cda24adea0 100644 --- a/ezk/26/06.md +++ b/ezk/26/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Her daughters" were the young women of Tyre who were w # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/07.md b/ezk/26/07.md index 0b76c2fb34..c58f3a6d88 100644 --- a/ezk/26/07.md +++ b/ezk/26/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "king of kings" was a title, meaning that he was the greatest of king # a great crowd of people This emphasizes the great size of Nebuchadnezzar's army. - diff --git a/ezk/26/08.md b/ezk/26/08.md index 47cf8da23e..502287dcfd 100644 --- a/ezk/26/08.md +++ b/ezk/26/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "He" refers to Nebuchadnezzar and is a metonym for his army. Alter # your daughters in the field Possible meanings are 1) "your daughters" refers to the young women of Tyre who were working in the fields or 2) "your daughters" is a metonym for nearby towns and villages on the mainland that supported the main city of Tyre. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 26:6](../26/06.md). Alternate translation: "your daughter communities who are on the mainland" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/09.md b/ezk/26/09.md index 2d7e4f6d12..e942f42d42 100644 --- a/ezk/26/09.md +++ b/ezk/26/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Although the battering rams and tools are spoken of as acting against the walls # tools Weapons or instruments made of iron used to tear down the towers - diff --git a/ezk/26/10.md b/ezk/26/10.md index 39169ec919..5b0bb37347 100644 --- a/ezk/26/10.md +++ b/ezk/26/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Yahweh uses a simile to describe how Nebuchadnezzar's army will enter into # whose walls have been broken down This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after breaking down its walls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/11.md b/ezk/26/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/26/11.md +++ b/ezk/26/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/26/12.md b/ezk/26/12.md index 11666ca2f9..c055d6a4ba 100644 --- a/ezk/26/12.md +++ b/ezk/26/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These refer to what is left after the walls and homes are torn down. # into the waters "into the sea" - diff --git a/ezk/26/13.md b/ezk/26/13.md index f11a14baf1..884ec8232a 100644 --- a/ezk/26/13.md +++ b/ezk/26/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The sound of your harps will be heard no more This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one will hear the sound of your harps anymore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/14.md b/ezk/26/14.md index cfc577eeaf..b3893ebb9b 100644 --- a/ezk/26/14.md +++ b/ezk/26/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor also describes the results after Yahweh destroys Tyre. See how you # you will become a place where nets This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will make you a place where nets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/15.md b/ezk/26/15.md index ea4aea5eaa..fbfd91a4b5 100644 --- a/ezk/26/15.md +++ b/ezk/26/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question expects a positive answer and emphasizes the results of Tyre's des # Will not the islands quake Here "the islands" represents the people living on the islands. Alternate translation: "Will not the people of the islands quake with fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/16.md b/ezk/26/16.md index a0bb915989..a5ce473f3b 100644 --- a/ezk/26/16.md +++ b/ezk/26/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor represents the princes trembling enough to seem like it was their # be appalled because of you "be unable to speak because what has happened to you is so bad" - diff --git a/ezk/26/17.md b/ezk/26/17.md index 958dbefa0f..effc4c9a85 100644 --- a/ezk/26/17.md +++ b/ezk/26/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "How your enemies have # spread a terror about themselves upon everyone who lived near them The abstract noun "terror" can be translated using the adjective "terrified." Alternate translation: "caused all the people around them to be terrified" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/18.md b/ezk/26/18.md index 19725480d7..9d37e7fe8f 100644 --- a/ezk/26/18.md +++ b/ezk/26/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "the islands in the sea" represents the people living there. Alternate tran # you are no longer in your place The destruction of Tyre is spoken of as if it was a person who had died. Alternate translation: "you have departed" or "you exist no more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/19.md b/ezk/26/19.md index 8830e6e14e..e0269198b3 100644 --- a/ezk/26/19.md +++ b/ezk/26/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Tyre is compared to other cities that no longer had people living in them. # the deeps Here "the deeps" means the deep waters of the sea. Alternate translation: "the deep waters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/20.md b/ezk/26/20.md index cc67378940..20d8bc8344 100644 --- a/ezk/26/20.md +++ b/ezk/26/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the grave. Because the grave was thought to be the entrance to th # stand in the land of the living This represents being restored to the city's former existence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/21.md b/ezk/26/21.md index 7a4e01d903..44b0dcbed6 100644 --- a/ezk/26/21.md +++ b/ezk/26/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will place disaster on you The abstract noun "disaster" can be translated using the adjective "terrible" or the verb "destroy." Alternate translation: "I will bring you to a terrible end" or "I will destroy you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/26/intro.md b/ezk/26/intro.md index 9e86f34e3b..fc49582ccb 100644 --- a/ezk/26/intro.md +++ b/ezk/26/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # Ezekiel 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + This chapter begins a section of prophecy against Tyre. The Babylonians will destroy Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter begins a section of prophecy against Tyre. The Babylonians will des * __[Ezekiel 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/27/01.md b/ezk/27/01.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/27/01.md +++ b/ezk/27/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/02.md b/ezk/27/02.md index cd83c84e94..25f50aeab5 100644 --- a/ezk/27/02.md +++ b/ezk/27/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # begin a lamentation The abstract noun "lamentation" can be translated using the verb "lament." Alternate translation: "begin to lament" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/03.md b/ezk/27/03.md index a1c60b6590..5d87fb56b0 100644 --- a/ezk/27/03.md +++ b/ezk/27/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "Tyre" represents the people living in Tyre. Alternate translation # I am perfect in beauty The abstract noun "beauty" can be translated using the adjective "beautiful." Alternate translation: "I am perfectly beautiful" or "I am entirely beautiful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/04.md b/ezk/27/04.md index 2a250614d3..5dc173ef78 100644 --- a/ezk/27/04.md +++ b/ezk/27/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. # heart of the seas "middle of the seas" - diff --git a/ezk/27/05.md b/ezk/27/05.md index 7fc2b0c4ac..07350f7fa1 100644 --- a/ezk/27/05.md +++ b/ezk/27/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ long, flat pieces of wood; thick boards # a mast a large pole on a ship that holds up the sails of the ship - diff --git a/ezk/27/06.md b/ezk/27/06.md index 06950d5cc3..689f0076c7 100644 --- a/ezk/27/06.md +++ b/ezk/27/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ the parts of the boat that people can walk on # ivory a white, beautiful, and hard material that is made from the long teeth of some animals - diff --git a/ezk/27/07.md b/ezk/27/07.md index 32d00883db..5ecb9abbc2 100644 --- a/ezk/27/07.md +++ b/ezk/27/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ large pieces of cloth that move a ship when the wind blows on them # Your sails were made from colorful linen from Egypt that served as your signal flag The sails of the ship are compared to the signal flags of Tyre's military. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/08.md b/ezk/27/08.md index 510f3b56fd..b427f16eff 100644 --- a/ezk/27/08.md +++ b/ezk/27/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a small island off the coast of Syria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # pilots A pilot is a person who controls where a ship goes by steering the ship. - diff --git a/ezk/27/09.md b/ezk/27/09.md index 94079d22ca..8cdedab65f 100644 --- a/ezk/27/09.md +++ b/ezk/27/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a city on the Syrian coast. Other versions call it by the na # sailors A sailor is one of the team of workers on a ship. - diff --git a/ezk/27/10.md b/ezk/27/10.md index e5d7e1aa0c..1220455bc4 100644 --- a/ezk/27/10.md +++ b/ezk/27/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # your splendor The abstract noun "splendor" can be translated using the adjective "splendid." Alternate translation: "how splendid you were" or "how majestic you were" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/11.md b/ezk/27/11.md index 16b9c764a5..6a9f386b79 100644 --- a/ezk/27/11.md +++ b/ezk/27/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # They completed your beauty The abstract noun "beauty" can be translated using the adjective "beautiful." Alternate translation: "They finished making you beautiful" or "They made you perfectly beautiful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/12.md b/ezk/27/12.md index 5b53cb83bf..2f5da2f5ed 100644 --- a/ezk/27/12.md +++ b/ezk/27/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ metals that were used during that time period # your wares "the things you offered for sale" - diff --git a/ezk/27/13.md b/ezk/27/13.md index eaf32d3973..717a3c5cc2 100644 --- a/ezk/27/13.md +++ b/ezk/27/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some English translations read, "Javan." This is the name of a coastal region al # They handled your merchandise "They traded for your merchandise" - diff --git a/ezk/27/14.md b/ezk/27/14.md index 698dff3bb9..dce043418d 100644 --- a/ezk/27/14.md +++ b/ezk/27/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the name of a place (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # warhorses adult male horses - diff --git a/ezk/27/15.md b/ezk/27/15.md index 4bfb63333e..6f1ce29a78 100644 --- a/ezk/27/15.md +++ b/ezk/27/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the tusks or elongated teeth of certain animals. # ebony a dark brown to black hardwood that is very dense or heavy - diff --git a/ezk/27/16.md b/ezk/27/16.md index f15d31626c..acb21326d4 100644 --- a/ezk/27/16.md +++ b/ezk/27/16.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ beautiful beads of hard white material that come from creatures in the sea # rubies A ruby is a type of red precious stone. - diff --git a/ezk/27/17.md b/ezk/27/17.md index b0c4e036f6..55a089a5ea 100644 --- a/ezk/27/17.md +++ b/ezk/27/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The meaning of the Hebrew word translated here as "cakes" is uncertain. Other ve # balsam a sweet-smelling gum or resin that comes from a tree - diff --git a/ezk/27/18.md b/ezk/27/18.md index 13ed021d66..88882560ac 100644 --- a/ezk/27/18.md +++ b/ezk/27/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ names of places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # enormous wealth "abundant wealth" or "great wealth" - diff --git a/ezk/27/19.md b/ezk/27/19.md index 79097da6d4..71e75ab28c 100644 --- a/ezk/27/19.md +++ b/ezk/27/19.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is a type of spice that comes from the bark of a tree. "Cassia" is another # calamus a type of grass that people used as perfume and for medicine (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/20.md b/ezk/27/20.md index 9cf124d2b0..ab9ae058c2 100644 --- a/ezk/27/20.md +++ b/ezk/27/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metonym for the people of Dedan. Alternate translation: "The people of # saddle blankets A saddle blanket is a piece of cloth that people place on a horse beneath a saddle or seat. - diff --git a/ezk/27/21.md b/ezk/27/21.md index eacc268419..0c5e8a83e4 100644 --- a/ezk/27/21.md +++ b/ezk/27/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Arabia This is a metonym for the people of Arabia. Alternate translation: "The people of Arabia" or "The Arabians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/22.md b/ezk/27/22.md index 195a6180d6..4eb11064f9 100644 --- a/ezk/27/22.md +++ b/ezk/27/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # precious gems "valuable stones" - diff --git a/ezk/27/23.md b/ezk/27/23.md index 879986914a..7c7e010021 100644 --- a/ezk/27/23.md +++ b/ezk/27/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the people from these places. Alternate translation: "The people # Haran ... Kanneh ... Eden ... Sheba ... Ashur ... Kilmad These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/24.md b/ezk/27/24.md index fb040e4e46..a7bdef7a1d 100644 --- a/ezk/27/24.md +++ b/ezk/27/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. # blankets of multicolored, embroidered, and well-woven cloth "blankets with many colors that had designs and were of high quality" - diff --git a/ezk/27/25.md b/ezk/27/25.md index c417566ecc..ed3911a0b4 100644 --- a/ezk/27/25.md +++ b/ezk/27/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Tyre's abundance is spoken of as if it was a ship that was full of cargo. (See: # heart of the seas "middle of the seas." See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:4](../27/04.md). - diff --git a/ezk/27/26.md b/ezk/27/26.md index 541b592130..ed602f4651 100644 --- a/ezk/27/26.md +++ b/ezk/27/26.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. # middle of them "heart of the seas" or "middle of the seas." See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:4](../27/04.md). - diff --git a/ezk/27/27.md b/ezk/27/27.md index b35fb647ee..af6bb71353 100644 --- a/ezk/27/27.md +++ b/ezk/27/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "all the people on the ship" or 2) "all of your compani # on the day of your overthrow The abstract noun "overthrow" can be translated using the verb "overthrow." Alternate translation: "at the time they overthrow you" or "when they destroy you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/28.md b/ezk/27/28.md index 2c74e233fe..bb2e55c182 100644 --- a/ezk/27/28.md +++ b/ezk/27/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues # Cities at the sea will tremble Here "Cities at the sea" represents the people in those cities. Alternate translation: "The people of the cities by the sea will tremble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/29.md b/ezk/27/29.md index ed908c3efb..b933bbf3cc 100644 --- a/ezk/27/29.md +++ b/ezk/27/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All those who handle oars "All the rowers" - diff --git a/ezk/27/30.md b/ezk/27/30.md index 1c87d012ee..27c9b46ba2 100644 --- a/ezk/27/30.md +++ b/ezk/27/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ because they are sad # they will cast dust up on their heads. They will roll about in ashes These are expressions of grieving and mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/31.md b/ezk/27/31.md index a145acd997..72000ca757 100644 --- a/ezk/27/31.md +++ b/ezk/27/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are expressions of grieving and mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/trans # bald having no hair on the head - diff --git a/ezk/27/32.md b/ezk/27/32.md index 6250fbb4ae..70c67f3ac7 100644 --- a/ezk/27/32.md +++ b/ezk/27/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This question expects a negative answer and emphasizes Tyre being different from # who has now been brought to silence This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "who its enemies have now silenced" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/33.md b/ezk/27/33.md index e1ff290fa6..5f01f25dd7 100644 --- a/ezk/27/33.md +++ b/ezk/27/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "When people brough # you enriched the kings of the earth "you made the kings of the earth rich" - diff --git a/ezk/27/34.md b/ezk/27/34.md index 31bc399096..d4ff48a99b 100644 --- a/ezk/27/34.md +++ b/ezk/27/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ To "shatter" is to break up into pieces. # all your company Possible meanings are 1) "all the people on the ship" or 2) "all of your companions." See how you translated this phrase in [Ezekiel 27:27](../27/27.md). - diff --git a/ezk/27/35.md b/ezk/27/35.md index 2b87c7350b..e86d0bf603 100644 --- a/ezk/27/35.md +++ b/ezk/27/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "horror" can be translated using the verb "were afraid." Alter # Their faces trembled Here "faces" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "They appear to be trembling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/36.md b/ezk/27/36.md index 1c28e18ccc..eb6d29b4e3 100644 --- a/ezk/27/36.md +++ b/ezk/27/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hissing was making a whistling sound through the teeth. It may have been out of # you have become a horror The abstract noun "horror" can be translated using the adjective "dreadful." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you have become dreadful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/27/intro.md b/ezk/27/intro.md index 665c52858a..426d51804d 100644 --- a/ezk/27/intro.md +++ b/ezk/27/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Ezekiel 27 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + The prophecy against Tyre continues in this chapter. Tyre has become wealthy from trade as far as Spain, but Tyre will be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Tyre is compared to a ship built with the very best materials. Despite its strength and power, Yahweh will destroy it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Tyre is compared to a ship built with the very best materials. Despite its stren * __[Ezekiel 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/28/01.md b/ezk/28/01.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/28/01.md +++ b/ezk/28/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/02.md b/ezk/28/02.md index 3934712603..415f259f63 100644 --- a/ezk/28/02.md +++ b/ezk/28/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ falsely believing oneself to be importantbelieving oneself to be important # you make your heart like the heart of a god Here "heart" represents the mind or thinking. A god thinks of himself as better than people. Alternate translation: "you think that you have the mind of a god" or "you have allowed yourself to think that you are better than other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/03.md b/ezk/28/03.md index b8a4e8ecbf..edd80c69f5 100644 --- a/ezk/28/03.md +++ b/ezk/28/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you think that you are wiser than Daniel Here the ruler of Tyre compares himself to Daniel the prophet in how wise he thought he was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/04.md b/ezk/28/04.md index ce5b4c2953..6d165e9bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/28/04.md +++ b/ezk/28/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract nouns "wisdom" and "skill" can be translated using the adjectives " # treasuries places to store valuable objects and keep them safe - diff --git a/ezk/28/05.md b/ezk/28/05.md index 7bf77a44ec..461fdf5c90 100644 --- a/ezk/28/05.md +++ b/ezk/28/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "wisdom" and "wealth" can be translated using the adjectives # your heart is arrogant Here "heart" represents the will or thoughts of the ruler of Tyre. Alternate translation: "you are arrogant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/06.md b/ezk/28/06.md index 99043b68c9..195b73c817 100644 --- a/ezk/28/06.md +++ b/ezk/28/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the ruler of Tyre. # you have made your heart like the heart of a god Here "heart" represents the mind or thinking. A god thinks of himself as better than people. See how you translated the similar phrase in [Ezekiel 28:2](../28/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/07.md b/ezk/28/07.md index 1c8ed43664..d09353ef4b 100644 --- a/ezk/28/07.md +++ b/ezk/28/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "beauty" and "wisdom" can be translated using the adjective " # profane your splendor The abstract noun "splendor" can be translated using the adjective "splendid." Alternate translation: "profane how splendid you are" or "defile how majestic you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/08.md b/ezk/28/08.md index ed5deb9047..72847abff2 100644 --- a/ezk/28/08.md +++ b/ezk/28/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the pit" refers to the grave or to hell. Alternate translation: "down to t # in the heart of the seas "in the middle of the seas" - diff --git a/ezk/28/09.md b/ezk/28/09.md index 71f586b2c0..8feb8b6a75 100644 --- a/ezk/28/09.md +++ b/ezk/28/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the face represents being in the presence of another person. Alternate tran # in the hand of Here being in the hand of someone represents being under their control. Alternate translation: "under the control of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/10.md b/ezk/28/10.md index ff76603a02..6fc59c2d15 100644 --- a/ezk/28/10.md +++ b/ezk/28/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" is a metonym for the actions of the foreigners' army. Alternate tran # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/11.md b/ezk/28/11.md index f5ab94a4c2..0c9f283c78 100644 --- a/ezk/28/11.md +++ b/ezk/28/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came again to me, saying, The idiom "The word of Yahweh came again to" is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated similar words in [Ezekiel 18:1](../18/01.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to me a second time. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this second message to me:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/12.md b/ezk/28/12.md index 463f9385d3..6860d7f851 100644 --- a/ezk/28/12.md +++ b/ezk/28/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract nouns "model" an d "perfection" can be translated using the words # full of wisdom and perfect in beauty The abstract nouns "wisdom" and "beauty" can be translated using the adjectives "wise" and "beautiful." Alternate translation: "fully wise and perfectly beautiful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/13.md b/ezk/28/13.md index 76f3a145de..654a05ec04 100644 --- a/ezk/28/13.md +++ b/ezk/28/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I prepared them on th # prepared "made ready" - diff --git a/ezk/28/14.md b/ezk/28/14.md index 8cc47a766a..883238bca5 100644 --- a/ezk/28/14.md +++ b/ezk/28/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:9](../10/09.md). # the fiery stones "the stones of fire." Possible meanings are 1) a metaphor for the colorful and bright stones mentioned in [Ezekiel 28:13](../28/13.md) or 2) other fiery stones on the "holy mountain of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/15.md b/ezk/28/15.md index 93896fb050..ae68cd24bc 100644 --- a/ezk/28/15.md +++ b/ezk/28/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the day you were created until injustice was found within you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "since the day that I created you until I found injustice within you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/16.md b/ezk/28/16.md index 2d43e06d46..47fc80647d 100644 --- a/ezk/28/16.md +++ b/ezk/28/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the king of Tyre as if he were a container that was filled up w # the fiery stones "the stones of fire." See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 28:14](../28/14.md). Possible meanings are 1) a metaphor for the colorful and bright stones mentioned in [Ezekiel 28:13](./13.md) or 2) other fiery stones on the "holy mountain of God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/17.md b/ezk/28/17.md index f665d35853..69493ac989 100644 --- a/ezk/28/17.md +++ b/ezk/28/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract nouns "beauty," wisdom" and "splendor" can be translated using the # so they may see you "so they may look at you" - diff --git a/ezk/28/18.md b/ezk/28/18.md index 9d5d482ebb..e6b7d90131 100644 --- a/ezk/28/18.md +++ b/ezk/28/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the king of Tyre. # turn you into ashes This idiom means burning up until only ashes are left. Alternate translation: "burn you up to ashes" or "burn you up completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/19.md b/ezk/28/19.md index c6f48065c8..b1e97c8a12 100644 --- a/ezk/28/19.md +++ b/ezk/28/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:36](../27/36.md). # you have become terrified Another possible meaning is "you have become a terror" or "those who see you will be terrified." - diff --git a/ezk/28/20.md b/ezk/28/20.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/28/20.md +++ b/ezk/28/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/21.md b/ezk/28/21.md index 25b9663645..9eddbe5c62 100644 --- a/ezk/28/21.md +++ b/ezk/28/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Sidon was far away, so Ezekiel could not see it, but staring in that direction w # prophesy against "prophesy about the bad things that will happen to." See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 4:7](../04/07.md). - diff --git a/ezk/28/22.md b/ezk/28/22.md index e4a08f1d12..36e8e679ca 100644 --- a/ezk/28/22.md +++ b/ezk/28/22.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will reveal my glory among you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # they will know ... within her ... in her + Here "they" and "her" refer to the people of Sidon. This can be translated with second person pronouns. Alternate translation: "you will know ... within you ... in you" # know that I am Yahweh @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The abstract noun "judgments" can be translated using the verb "judge." Alternat # I will be shown to be holy in her This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will show that I am holy when I punish her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/23.md b/ezk/28/23.md index 740c1f71a1..cf26bdac88 100644 --- a/ezk/28/23.md +++ b/ezk/28/23.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Sidon. # in her ... in her ... midst of her ... against her ... then they + Here "her" and "they" refer to the people of Sidon. If you used second person pronouns in the previous verse, you may want to use them here. Alternate translation: "in you ... in you ... midst of you ... against you ... then you" # blood in her streets @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ Here "blood" refers to the blood of the people of Sidon and represents those who # When the sword comes against her Here "sword" is a metonym for an attacking enemy army. Alternate translation: "When enemy armies attack her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/24.md b/ezk/28/24.md index e6a955903a..5c71acd7c4 100644 --- a/ezk/28/24.md +++ b/ezk/28/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # around them ... them ... they will know The words "them" and "they" refer to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/28/25.md b/ezk/28/25.md index 981d2e19fe..07ea79fc42 100644 --- a/ezk/28/25.md +++ b/ezk/28/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "among whom I scatt # my servant Jacob Here "Jacob" represents the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: "the descendants of my servant Jacob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/26.md b/ezk/28/26.md index 83df55cdb6..780b740015 100644 --- a/ezk/28/26.md +++ b/ezk/28/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # when I execute judgments on all The abstract noun "judgments" can be translated using the verb "judge." Alternate translation: "when I judge all" or "when I punish all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/28/intro.md b/ezk/28/intro.md index 397c033c3f..4970d16885 100644 --- a/ezk/28/intro.md +++ b/ezk/28/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 28 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The prophecy against Tyre concludes in this chapter. Tyre will be destroyed because of its pride and unfair business practices. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophecy against Tyre concludes in this chapter. Tyre will be destroyed beca * __[Ezekiel 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/29/01.md b/ezk/29/01.md index 81ff85a858..36748bbfd8 100644 --- a/ezk/29/01.md +++ b/ezk/29/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that this was the tenth year of Jehoiachin's exile. Alt # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/02.md b/ezk/29/02.md index 91009c0418..93e21879e4 100644 --- a/ezk/29/02.md +++ b/ezk/29/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a command to stare at Pharaoh as a symbol of punishing him and his peopl # prophesy against him and against all of Egypt "tell the terrible things that will happen to him and everyone in Egypt" - diff --git a/ezk/29/03.md b/ezk/29/03.md index b241264096..0a6b0e93cd 100644 --- a/ezk/29/03.md +++ b/ezk/29/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the great sea monster "the huge creature that lives in the water." Yahweh calls Pharaoh a monster that lives in the water. The monster is probably a crocodile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/04.md b/ezk/29/04.md index 1372fc1aed..7ecbecfb60 100644 --- a/ezk/29/04.md +++ b/ezk/29/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ sharp and bent pieces of metal or wood that people use to catch fish and other a # scales hard pieces of skin that are on fish, crocodiles, and other animals - diff --git a/ezk/29/05.md b/ezk/29/05.md index c29fa53cc7..e6c1df5889 100644 --- a/ezk/29/05.md +++ b/ezk/29/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gather together or assemble The phrase "gather together" and the word "assemble" mean the same thing and form a doublet. You may need to omit one or the other in your translation. Alternate translation: "never again gather together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/06.md b/ezk/29/06.md index 593fa5d954..d7c30887ab 100644 --- a/ezk/29/06.md +++ b/ezk/29/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the inhabitants of Egypt. A walking stick made of a re # reed a plant that grows near water and looks like very large grass - diff --git a/ezk/29/07.md b/ezk/29/07.md index 0ac21b21fe..75f77c1b09 100644 --- a/ezk/29/07.md +++ b/ezk/29/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the Israelites and the word "you" refers to Pharaoh or # you caused their legs to be unsteady Because Egypt did not help the Israelites, the Israelites could not defend themselves against their enemy, the Babylonians. God speaks of the Israelites being unable to defend themselves as if their legs were unsteady. Alternate translation: "you caused them to be like people whose legs are unsteady" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/08.md b/ezk/29/08.md index ca2435b6bf..2d99e4c87a 100644 --- a/ezk/29/08.md +++ b/ezk/29/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "you" refers to the nation of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-yo # I will cut off both men and animals from you Here "cut off" is a metaphor for destroying. God would do this by causing the enemy army to do it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/09.md b/ezk/29/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/29/09.md +++ b/ezk/29/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/29/10.md b/ezk/29/10.md index d859f59dcd..de1155e081 100644 --- a/ezk/29/10.md +++ b/ezk/29/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This the name of a town in southern Egypt. It is now called Aswan. (See: [[rc:// # the borders of Cush These borders of Cush were south of Syene. Some versions say Sudan or Ethiopia, the modern names of countries south of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/11.md b/ezk/29/11.md index 7f6643c8cd..3a0f021adc 100644 --- a/ezk/29/11.md +++ b/ezk/29/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "man's foot" represents people. Alternate translation: "No man will walk th # no wild animal's foot will pass through it Here "animal's foot" represents animals. Alternate translation: "not even a wild animal will walk through it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/12.md b/ezk/29/12.md index a9be8a271f..d6cb80aeab 100644 --- a/ezk/29/12.md +++ b/ezk/29/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "desolation" can be expressed with the adjective "desolate." A # I will scatter Egypt among the nations Here "Egypt" represents the people of Egypt, and "scatter" represents causing them to move to other places. Alternate translation: "I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations" or "I will make the people of Egypt go and live among the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/13.md b/ezk/29/13.md index 2c805bf5cc..879d4ad27f 100644 --- a/ezk/29/13.md +++ b/ezk/29/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Egypt" is a metonym for the people of Egypt, and "gather" is a metaphor fo # among whom they were scattered This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "among whom I scattered them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/14.md b/ezk/29/14.md index a72d2e3256..64280e4d36 100644 --- a/ezk/29/14.md +++ b/ezk/29/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the southern part of Egypt between the Delta and the land of Cush. This is also # a lowly kingdom Here "lowly" represents unimportant. Alternate translation: "an unimportant kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/15.md b/ezk/29/15.md index 111d9a4ec9..ad500d6b6d 100644 --- a/ezk/29/15.md +++ b/ezk/29/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "be lifted up" represents becoming important. Alternate translation: "it wi # I will diminish them "I will make them small." Here "diminish them" represents making Egypt weak or unimportant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/16.md b/ezk/29/16.md index ad5fa4ee02..d5cc537033 100644 --- a/ezk/29/16.md +++ b/ezk/29/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ How Egypt would be a reminder can be stated clearly. The abstract nouns "reminde # when they turned to Egypt for help Here "turn ... for help" is a metonym for "ask ... for help." Alternate translation: "whenever they asked Egypt to help them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/17.md b/ezk/29/17.md index 2158b10640..c00b4e74ab 100644 --- a/ezk/29/17.md +++ b/ezk/29/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was after King Jehoiachin and the people of Judah were taken as exiles to B # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/18.md b/ezk/29/18.md index 2189f22faa..2ec2c27d89 100644 --- a/ezk/29/18.md +++ b/ezk/29/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Either their armor or the heavy things they carried on their shoulders rubbed th # he and his army received no payment from Tyre Here "payment" represents the valuable things that Nebuchadnezzar's army would steal from Tyre as a reward for defeating it. God speaks of these things as if they were what God would pay them for working for him. Alternate translation: "he and his army did not get any valuable things from Tyre as reward" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/19.md b/ezk/29/19.md index fb117765c2..0cbb314f15 100644 --- a/ezk/29/19.md +++ b/ezk/29/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of causing the army of Babylon to defeat Egypt as if God were givi # that will be his army's wages God speaks of these things that Nebuchadnezzar's army would take as if they were what God would pay them for working for him. Alternate translation: "his army will receive those things as if they were payment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/20.md b/ezk/29/20.md index 98d6da6d45..fca12557c3 100644 --- a/ezk/29/20.md +++ b/ezk/29/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/29/21.md b/ezk/29/21.md index 205057436f..e09cdb456e 100644 --- a/ezk/29/21.md +++ b/ezk/29/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Here it re # speak in their midst "speak to them" - diff --git a/ezk/29/intro.md b/ezk/29/intro.md index af846f1a92..eb938dcbc7 100644 --- a/ezk/29/intro.md +++ b/ezk/29/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins a prophecy against Egypt and its king, Pharaoh. Because Egypt did not fulfill its promise of protecting Judah, it will be conquered by Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter begins a prophecy against Egypt and its king, Pharaoh. Because Egyp * __[Ezekiel 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/30/01.md b/ezk/30/01.md index 9e4ca312cb..8e70ff3468 100644 --- a/ezk/30/01.md +++ b/ezk/30/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ezekiel tells about a message that Yahweh gave him. # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/02.md b/ezk/30/02.md index 4d781c093a..04ff2f4d4a 100644 --- a/ezk/30/02.md +++ b/ezk/30/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ cry out with grief # Woe is the coming day This exclamation expresses the fear that people would feel about a certain day when terrible and frightening things will happen. Alternate translation: "Oh that day" or "Oh, what a frightening day is coming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/03.md b/ezk/30/03.md index 492bd98c90..980889cd43 100644 --- a/ezk/30/03.md +++ b/ezk/30/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Dark storm clouds represent danger and fear. Alternate translation: "It will be # a time of doom for nations The abstract noun "doom" can be translated with the phrase "terrible things will happen." Alternate translation: "a time when terrible things will happen to the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/04.md b/ezk/30/04.md index 14420d6582..31441fb596 100644 --- a/ezk/30/04.md +++ b/ezk/30/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "anguish" can be expressed in terms of how the people feel. Al # when her foundations are ruined This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the attackers destroy the foundations of the buildings in Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/05.md b/ezk/30/05.md index 98e9898d7f..7edeced1fe 100644 --- a/ezk/30/05.md +++ b/ezk/30/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the sword represents battle. Alternate translation: "will all die in battle # will all fall by the sword The word "all" here is a generalization. It means that many people will die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/06.md b/ezk/30/06.md index 14f6eb0eec..47693d90ce 100644 --- a/ezk/30/06.md +++ b/ezk/30/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Ezekiel names towns on the borders of Egypt in order to refer to all of Egypt. A # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/07.md b/ezk/30/07.md index f3a2f0bf0d..2256977960 100644 --- a/ezk/30/07.md +++ b/ezk/30/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # their cities will be among all the ruined cities Being "among" the ruined cities represents being ruined like the ruined cities of other countries. Alternate translation: "their cities will be ruined like the cities of other countries" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/08.md b/ezk/30/08.md index f8ba6594cc..26968ccc32 100644 --- a/ezk/30/08.md +++ b/ezk/30/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "set fire in Egypt" represents sending an army to attack Egypt and set fire # all of her helpers are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I destroy all of the allies of Egypt" or "when armies destroy all of those who help Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/09.md b/ezk/30/09.md index 77bbb04996..f23ab49861 100644 --- a/ezk/30/09.md +++ b/ezk/30/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "behold" here adds emphasis to what follows. It can also be translated # It is coming "It" refers to the "great pain" or "great sorrow" that Cush will have when they are punished along with Egypt. - diff --git a/ezk/30/10.md b/ezk/30/10.md index ad9dc2fab4..44f2b60fdf 100644 --- a/ezk/30/10.md +++ b/ezk/30/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "this" refers to what follows. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel # by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar Here "the hand" represents Nebuchadnezzar's military power. Nebuchadnezzar will be the one who brings this punishment about. - diff --git a/ezk/30/11.md b/ezk/30/11.md index 4359e44fc2..83c6987b8c 100644 --- a/ezk/30/11.md +++ b/ezk/30/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "draw out their swords" represents fighting with their swords. Alternate tr # fill the land with those who have been killed This is an exaggeration to show that the Babylonians will kill very many Egyptians. There will be so many dead Egyptians that it will seem that their dead bodies cover all of the land of Egypt. Alternate translation: "kill so many people that it will seem like dead bodies are everywhere" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/12.md b/ezk/30/12.md index deb9907835..c7eaf8d222 100644 --- a/ezk/30/12.md +++ b/ezk/30/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh will give the Babylonians control over Egypt just as a person who sells s # its fullness "everything in the land" - diff --git a/ezk/30/13.md b/ezk/30/13.md index d3591a2acb..e7a3273b37 100644 --- a/ezk/30/13.md +++ b/ezk/30/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Memphis was a very important city in Egypt. It was near modern-day Cairo. (See: # I will put fear on the land of Egypt Here "put fear on the land" represents causing the people of the land to be very afraid. Alternate translation: "I will make the people of Egypt very afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/14.md b/ezk/30/14.md index 6f5c33543d..43b537fd44 100644 --- a/ezk/30/14.md +++ b/ezk/30/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "acts of judgment" refers to punishment. Alternate translation: "I wi # Thebes This was the capital city of southern Egypt. - diff --git a/ezk/30/15.md b/ezk/30/15.md index c80a8d1cdc..74872e0d14 100644 --- a/ezk/30/15.md +++ b/ezk/30/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "cut off" represents killing the people. Alternate translation: "kill the v # Thebes This was the capital city of southern Egypt. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:14](../03/14.md). - diff --git a/ezk/30/16.md b/ezk/30/16.md index ae38b66af7..67eedbeb20 100644 --- a/ezk/30/16.md +++ b/ezk/30/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "face enemies" represents seeing or having enemies. The name of the city is # Memphis Memphis was a very important city in Egypt. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 30:13](../30/13.md). - diff --git a/ezk/30/17.md b/ezk/30/17.md index c12b6497eb..8eed74b95e 100644 --- a/ezk/30/17.md +++ b/ezk/30/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "sword" is used here to refer to a battle or war. Alternate translation # their cities will go into captivity Here "cities" represents the people of the cities. The abstract noun "captivity" can be expressed with the more concrete noun "captive" or the verb "capture" Alternate translation: "the people of their cities will become captives" or "their enemies will capture their people and take them away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/18.md b/ezk/30/18.md index 05132ccb32..4beae87a7b 100644 --- a/ezk/30/18.md +++ b/ezk/30/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the dark cloud represents how sad the people of Egypt w # her daughters Possible meanings are 1) the people of the Egyptian towns or 2) the daughters of the Egyptian people - diff --git a/ezk/30/19.md b/ezk/30/19.md index ccab89c0df..da2e3ec59c 100644 --- a/ezk/30/19.md +++ b/ezk/30/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "acts of judgment" refers to punishment. Alternate translation: "I wi # so they "so the Egyptians" - diff --git a/ezk/30/20.md b/ezk/30/20.md index f0a6a7a392..3ce4042dfe 100644 --- a/ezk/30/20.md +++ b/ezk/30/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the eleventh year after King Jehoiachin was taken into exile in Babylon. # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/21.md b/ezk/30/21.md index 58cc2c755b..6413660a29 100644 --- a/ezk/30/21.md +++ b/ezk/30/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one has bound up h # set with a splint This phrase refers to the arm being bound tightly to a straight piece of wood so that the parts of the bone will stay together and heal. - diff --git a/ezk/30/22.md b/ezk/30/22.md index 8675e07070..c90943386d 100644 --- a/ezk/30/22.md +++ b/ezk/30/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:11](../03/11.md). # I will make the sword fall from his hand "I will knock the sword out of Pharaoh's hand" - diff --git a/ezk/30/23.md b/ezk/30/23.md index 75acd2ae4b..a8badd1042 100644 --- a/ezk/30/23.md +++ b/ezk/30/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. See how you translated similar # among the lands "among the places in which people live" - diff --git a/ezk/30/24.md b/ezk/30/24.md index 455886fe4a..837f731c83 100644 --- a/ezk/30/24.md +++ b/ezk/30/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A groan is a noise that people make when they have a lot of pain or are dying. # with the groans of a dying man "as a man who is dying groans" or "like a man who is dying" - diff --git a/ezk/30/25.md b/ezk/30/25.md index c64345b21a..a24ba86383 100644 --- a/ezk/30/25.md +++ b/ezk/30/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "they" possibly refers to 1) "the Egyptians" or 2) "all people who hear # for he will attack the land of Egypt with it "and the king of Babylon will attack the land of Egypt with my sword" - diff --git a/ezk/30/26.md b/ezk/30/26.md index 0fcf8e539d..cd607a75d9 100644 --- a/ezk/30/26.md +++ b/ezk/30/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # scatter Egypt among the nations and disperse them through the lands These two phrases mean basically the same thing. See how you translated similar phrases in [Ezekiel 12:15](../12/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/ezk/30/intro.md b/ezk/30/intro.md index edbf815590..b6bbb7dc1c 100644 --- a/ezk/30/intro.md +++ b/ezk/30/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 30 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The prophecy against Egypt and its king continues in this chapter. Babylon will destroy all the towns of Egypt and their allies will not be able to help them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophecy against Egypt and its king continues in this chapter. Babylon will * __[Ezekiel 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/31/01.md b/ezk/31/01.md index 54ba5321f4..c6666b4746 100644 --- a/ezk/31/01.md +++ b/ezk/31/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/31/02.md b/ezk/31/02.md index 10e0d20053..b466cd2387 100644 --- a/ezk/31/02.md +++ b/ezk/31/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # In your greatness, who are you like? "Who is as great as you are?" Yahweh uses this question to introduce a new topic. Pharaoh thought that his nation was the greatest, but God is about to talk about another great nation. Alternate translation: "You think that there is no country whose power is as great as the power of your country." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/31/03.md b/ezk/31/03.md index cfe7d13d85..0f46698493 100644 --- a/ezk/31/03.md +++ b/ezk/31/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In this parable, God speaks about Assyria as if it were a great tree to emphasiz # the branches formed its treetop "its top was above the branches of the other trees." Some versions of the Bible translate this as "the top of the tree was in the clouds." - diff --git a/ezk/31/04.md b/ezk/31/04.md index 801a692a37..516bfdfd64 100644 --- a/ezk/31/04.md +++ b/ezk/31/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # for their channels stretched out to all the trees in the field "and streams flowed from the rivers to all the trees of the field" - diff --git a/ezk/31/05.md b/ezk/31/05.md index d5cb4b65ec..d4c1feb016 100644 --- a/ezk/31/05.md +++ b/ezk/31/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh's parable about the cedar continues. # because of many waters as they grew "because it had a lot of water" - diff --git a/ezk/31/06.md b/ezk/31/06.md index b1bb818a70..656e367546 100644 --- a/ezk/31/06.md +++ b/ezk/31/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # All of the many nations lived under its shade "All of the great nations lived in the shade of that tree." Here "nations" represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: "The people from all the nations lived in the shade of that tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/31/07.md b/ezk/31/07.md index 67083a35c0..30939d5dab 100644 --- a/ezk/31/07.md +++ b/ezk/31/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it was beautiful in its greatness and the length of its branches "It was beautiful because it was very big and its branches were very long" - diff --git a/ezk/31/08.md b/ezk/31/08.md index 99c4e65bff..314ef44bcd 100644 --- a/ezk/31/08.md +++ b/ezk/31/08.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ A plane tree was a large, leafy tree with strong branches. It is similar to a sy # was like it in its beauty "was as beautiful as the cedar tree" - diff --git a/ezk/31/09.md b/ezk/31/09.md index a5604eccae..d9679ada75 100644 --- a/ezk/31/09.md +++ b/ezk/31/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # envied it "were jealous of the cedar tree" - diff --git a/ezk/31/10.md b/ezk/31/10.md index 89a9e4bc38..f31d1bdbc3 100644 --- a/ezk/31/10.md +++ b/ezk/31/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since Yahweh is speaking this can be stated in first person. Alternate translati # it set its treetop between its branches "its top was above the branches of the other trees." Some versions of the Bible translate this as "the top of the tree was in the clouds." - diff --git a/ezk/31/11.md b/ezk/31/11.md index 3a1a5047d5..8f9894e9fb 100644 --- a/ezk/31/11.md +++ b/ezk/31/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "hand" represents control. Alternate translation: "I put it in the powe # I have thrown it out "I sent the cedar away from the cedar's land because the cedar was wicked" - diff --git a/ezk/31/12.md b/ezk/31/12.md index 38c3bfc35e..ee212c4eb2 100644 --- a/ezk/31/12.md +++ b/ezk/31/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Boughs are very large branches that grow on trees. Usually, many smaller branche # came out from under its shade "left the shade of the cedar" - diff --git a/ezk/31/13.md b/ezk/31/13.md index 512a64ec27..4e083b5d49 100644 --- a/ezk/31/13.md +++ b/ezk/31/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The trunk is a very thick part of the tree that comes out of the ground and hold # every animal of the field came to its branches "the wild animals lived in the branches of the cedar" - diff --git a/ezk/31/14.md b/ezk/31/14.md index 3934c7fea9..bc640f4364 100644 --- a/ezk/31/14.md +++ b/ezk/31/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. And the abstract noun "death" can be stated " # the pit This refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 26:20](../26/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/31/15.md b/ezk/31/15.md index 301093592e..25399474cf 100644 --- a/ezk/31/15.md +++ b/ezk/31/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "covered" possibly refers to putting on clothes for mourning. Alternate # I brought mourning to Lebanon for him The abstract noun "mourning" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "I made Lebanon mourn for the cedar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/31/16.md b/ezk/31/16.md index a5dc86c0ab..a414a5f0c2 100644 --- a/ezk/31/16.md +++ b/ezk/31/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "threw it down to Sheol" is an idiom that means to kill. "The pit" refers t # the choicest This is something that everyone would want because it is very good. - diff --git a/ezk/31/17.md b/ezk/31/17.md index 2943046d7e..d9a5c62056 100644 --- a/ezk/31/17.md +++ b/ezk/31/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "sword" represents enemies who fought them in battle. This can be stated in # These were its strong arm "These trees of Lebanon were its strong arm." The phrase "strong arm" represents "power." Alternate translation: "These trees of Lebanon were the power of the cedar" or "These trees strengthened the cedar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/31/18.md b/ezk/31/18.md index a950b6b71a..ed79ff5e87 100644 --- a/ezk/31/18.md +++ b/ezk/31/18.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For I will bring you # you will lie down with those who were killed by the sword "Lie down" is an idiom that means "die." Alternate translation: "you will die and join those who were killed by the sword" or "you will die, like those who were killed by the sword" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) + # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/31/intro.md b/ezk/31/intro.md index 6e780be3c5..ab63fc7c34 100644 --- a/ezk/31/intro.md +++ b/ezk/31/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 31 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The prophecy against Egypt and its king continues in this chapter. God told Egypt to remember what happened to Assyria when it became proud. This same things will now happen to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophecy against Egypt and its king continues in this chapter. God told Egyp * __[Ezekiel 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/32/01.md b/ezk/32/01.md index 9ab6257b6a..c96beae308 100644 --- a/ezk/32/01.md +++ b/ezk/32/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the twelfth year of the reign of King Jehoiachin. Alternate trans # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/02.md b/ezk/32/02.md index 0f4c1ef06b..b5ca6c899b 100644 --- a/ezk/32/02.md +++ b/ezk/32/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Pharaoh was powerful, but he only caused trouble for others, like this monster i # monster A monster is an animal that is big and dangerous. This one might be a crocodile. See how you translated this word in [Ezekiel 29:3](../29/03.md). - diff --git a/ezk/32/03.md b/ezk/32/03.md index 12c2ed2d1e..0e9f9f6ff9 100644 --- a/ezk/32/03.md +++ b/ezk/32/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:5](../05/05.md). # So I will spread my net over you in the assembly of many peoples God's punishment of Pharaoh is spoken of as if the king were the river monster caught in a net. Alternate translation: "So I will gather many peoples and throw my net over you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/04.md b/ezk/32/04.md index 56939f5aae..4abfac86a4 100644 --- a/ezk/32/04.md +++ b/ezk/32/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the hunger of all living animals on earth will be satisfied by you This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: "I will let all the animals of the earth eat your body until they are hungry no longer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/05.md b/ezk/32/05.md index d087f9a3cf..cc87688e49 100644 --- a/ezk/32/05.md +++ b/ezk/32/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh and to compare him to a monster that lives # your worm-filled corpse The worms help the dead body to rot. Alternate translation: "your rotting body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/06.md b/ezk/32/06.md index 413123ed59..fcff6ae149 100644 --- a/ezk/32/06.md +++ b/ezk/32/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the stream beds will be filled with your blood This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: "I will fill the streams with your blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/07.md b/ezk/32/07.md index 440f790022..87c7c2e1bf 100644 --- a/ezk/32/07.md +++ b/ezk/32/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It was common to speak of a person's life as if it were a lamp that could be put # I will cover the heavens Yahweh speaks of making the stars dark as if he were putting a cover over the sky. Alternate translation: "I will make everything in the sky go dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/08.md b/ezk/32/08.md index 98d6da6d45..fca12557c3 100644 --- a/ezk/32/08.md +++ b/ezk/32/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/09.md b/ezk/32/09.md index 8b43de6056..5fad3ff58a 100644 --- a/ezk/32/09.md +++ b/ezk/32/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The way that Yahweh destroys Egypt will make afraid even people in lands that Ph # when I bring about your destruction among the nations The nation of Egypt, symbolized by its king, is spoken of as if it were a building that was collapsing. Alternate translation: "when nations hear about the way I destroyed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/10.md b/ezk/32/10.md index fadd37167d..53784b8e7c 100644 --- a/ezk/32/10.md +++ b/ezk/32/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "tremble" is an action that people often do when they are very afraid. Alte # on the day of your ruin The idea of becoming a ruin represents dying. Alternate translation: "when I destroy you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/11.md b/ezk/32/11.md index ea2428e790..175c1692b5 100644 --- a/ezk/32/11.md +++ b/ezk/32/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh. # The sword of the king of Babylon will come against you Here "sword" represents an army. Alternate translation: "The army of the king of Babylon will attack you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/12.md b/ezk/32/12.md index acd06d6fee..78d92cdd44 100644 --- a/ezk/32/12.md +++ b/ezk/32/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "pride" can be stated as "proud." Alternate translation: "will # destroy all of its multitudes Here "all" is probably a generalization that refers to the killing of large numbers of soldiers, and perhaps other people also. Alternate translation: "kill a very large number of people who live in Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/13.md b/ezk/32/13.md index 952abd1462..5cb3b24256 100644 --- a/ezk/32/13.md +++ b/ezk/32/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ make clear water muddy # the hooves of cattle stir them The hoof is a synecdoche for cattle. Alternate translation: "cattle stir them with their hooves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/14.md b/ezk/32/14.md index a444558c64..58fe981275 100644 --- a/ezk/32/14.md +++ b/ezk/32/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then I will calm their waters Possible meanings are 1) "I will make the water calm" or 2) "I will make the water clear." When no one stirs up the water, the dirt settles down and the water becomes clear. - diff --git a/ezk/32/15.md b/ezk/32/15.md index 843cd5440e..0f91d5b53c 100644 --- a/ezk/32/15.md +++ b/ezk/32/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It was normal in biblical language to represent countries and lands as if they w # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/16.md b/ezk/32/16.md index f0fed69b72..f5ae0caa19 100644 --- a/ezk/32/16.md +++ b/ezk/32/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the women of other nations" or 2) "people of other nat # over Egypt, over all her multitudes "about Egypt, about all her multitudes" or "about the disaster that happened to Egypt, about the disaster that happened to all her multitudes" - diff --git a/ezk/32/17.md b/ezk/32/17.md index 8cef0f3419..7837bdd72f 100644 --- a/ezk/32/17.md +++ b/ezk/32/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) This happened in the twelfth year after the Babylonians # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/18.md b/ezk/32/18.md index 4dbda596ad..cd09a6589a 100644 --- a/ezk/32/18.md +++ b/ezk/32/18.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the people of powerful nations" or 2) "other powerful # the pit "The pit" refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 31:16](../31/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/19.md b/ezk/32/19.md index 1ae0cb4238..2a0e348414 100644 --- a/ezk/32/19.md +++ b/ezk/32/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ as in death. If your language has a word for dead people lying down that is diff # Are you really more beautiful than anyone else? This question really makes a statement. Alternate translation: "You are not more beautiful than anyone else." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/20.md b/ezk/32/20.md index 146ff7767e..9c1aed6352 100644 --- a/ezk/32/20.md +++ b/ezk/32/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: "I have given Egypt to th # they will seize her and her multitudes "her enemies will seize Egypt and her people" - diff --git a/ezk/32/21.md b/ezk/32/21.md index afd0c237a7..1c5bfd6068 100644 --- a/ezk/32/21.md +++ b/ezk/32/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about Egypt and her allies "about the Egyptians and those who join them" - diff --git a/ezk/32/22.md b/ezk/32/22.md index 0dcfc9103f..3d525125c3 100644 --- a/ezk/32/22.md +++ b/ezk/32/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The land of Assyria is represented as a woman. Alternate translation: "The peopl # all of them were killed by the sword The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: "Soldiers used swords to kill them all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/23.md b/ezk/32/23.md index ed18fe4842..d7af361082 100644 --- a/ezk/32/23.md +++ b/ezk/32/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "terror" can be stated as "afraid." Alternate translation: "th # the land of the living This represents the people who were alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/24.md b/ezk/32/24.md index 2e96960c7c..2b52f5f76a 100644 --- a/ezk/32/24.md +++ b/ezk/32/24.md @@ -49,4 +49,3 @@ Shame is spoken of as if it were an object that one could carry where he goes. A # the pit "The pit" refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/25.md b/ezk/32/25.md index 27844fbc98..21f0d24471 100644 --- a/ezk/32/25.md +++ b/ezk/32/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # General Information: + Ezekiel continues to speak about Elam. # they have made a bed for her @@ -18,9 +19,9 @@ The word "pierced" here is a metonym for "killed." This can be translated in act The abstract noun "terror" can be stated as "afraid." The phrase "the land of the living" represents people who were alive. Alternate translation: "they had caused those who are in the land of the living to be extremely afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # So they carry their shame with those who go down to the pit + Here "shame" is spoken about as if it were an object that a person carries. Alternate translation: "So they are ashamed as they go with others down to the pit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # the pit "The pit" refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 31:16](../31/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/26.md b/ezk/32/26.md index 10d38ad210..43a84a5106 100644 --- a/ezk/32/26.md +++ b/ezk/32/26.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Causing people to fear is spoken of as if it were the act of bringing an object # All of them ... land of the living See how you translated "All of them ... land of the living" in [Ezekiel 32:25](../32/25.md). - diff --git a/ezk/32/27.md b/ezk/32/27.md index c1f86e00e8..85d79ffffe 100644 --- a/ezk/32/27.md +++ b/ezk/32/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The warriors' iniquities cover their bodies, although one would expect that thei # in the land of the living The time during which these warriors were living is spoken of as if it were a place. Alternate translation: "while they were alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/28.md b/ezk/32/28.md index 58ad6008d2..8af1feaa23 100644 --- a/ezk/32/28.md +++ b/ezk/32/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "pierced" here is a metonym for "killed." This can be translated in act # by the sword This represents being in warfare. Alternate translation: "in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/29.md b/ezk/32/29.md index 77d33d3883..4a8cd526bf 100644 --- a/ezk/32/29.md +++ b/ezk/32/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Edom" represents all the people of Edom. Alternate translation: "the peopl # the pit "The pit" refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:25](../32/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/30.md b/ezk/32/30.md index 92b20ec423..dacb3ffedc 100644 --- a/ezk/32/30.md +++ b/ezk/32/30.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Shame is spoken of as if it were an object that one could carry where he goes. S # the pit "The pit" refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:29](../32/29.md). - diff --git a/ezk/32/31.md b/ezk/32/31.md index ab957f89b3..ff2f20805c 100644 --- a/ezk/32/31.md +++ b/ezk/32/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be made explicit who Pharaoh will see. Alternate translation: "Pharaoh wi # be comforted about all his multitudes It is implied that Pharaoh will be comforted because the armies of other great kings also died. Alternate translation: "will comfort himself that he was not the only king whose entire army died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/32.md b/ezk/32/32.md index 8394cd531e..36c6b0570f 100644 --- a/ezk/32/32.md +++ b/ezk/32/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he will be laid down in the midst of the uncircumcised This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: "Others will lay him in the midst of the uncircumcised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/32/intro.md b/ezk/32/intro.md index cb68262042..2f6e12f99c 100644 --- a/ezk/32/intro.md +++ b/ezk/32/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 32 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The prophecy against Egypt and its king concludes in this chapter. Egypt will have its army destroyed, just as happened to so many other nations. Beginning in verse 1, the land of Egypt is addressed through Pharaoh, its king, so God refers to Egypt as "he" and "him." However, beginning in verse 12, Egypt is referred to as "she" and "her," as if she were a woman. It was common in Hebrew for lands and countries to be referred to as if they were women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophecy against Egypt and its king concludes in this chapter. Egypt will ha * __[Ezekiel 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/33/01.md b/ezk/33/01.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/33/01.md +++ b/ezk/33/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/02.md b/ezk/33/02.md index 40496276de..99ca089f1b 100644 --- a/ezk/33/02.md +++ b/ezk/33/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "sword" refers to an enemy army that attacks. Also, "land" refers to th # make him a watchman "appoint him as a guard" or "make him guard" - diff --git a/ezk/33/03.md b/ezk/33/03.md index 0512475317..f39c7ad837 100644 --- a/ezk/33/03.md +++ b/ezk/33/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He looks for the sword Here "sword" represents an enemy army. Alternate translation: "He looks for an enemy army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/04.md b/ezk/33/04.md index 3cb307ce94..a1c0beecc6 100644 --- a/ezk/33/04.md +++ b/ezk/33/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # each one's blood is on his own head Here "blood" represents death. The phrase "on his own head" is an idiom that means the person will be held responsible. Alternate translation: "it is their own fault if they die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/05.md b/ezk/33/05.md index bec389fa79..d712fbeebc 100644 --- a/ezk/33/05.md +++ b/ezk/33/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "blood" represents a person's death. The phrase "on him" is an idiom that m # save his own life "will keep himself from dying" - diff --git a/ezk/33/06.md b/ezk/33/06.md index cdfc1c1d6e..f412c66a2f 100644 --- a/ezk/33/06.md +++ b/ezk/33/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "sword" represents an enemy army. Alternate translation: "the enemy army co # I will require his blood from the watchman Here "blood" represents a person's death. The phrase "I will require his blood from" is an idiom that means to consider someone responsible. Alternate translation: "I will consider that person's death to be the fault of the watchman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/07.md b/ezk/33/07.md index 5c73426a8d..28b1112307 100644 --- a/ezk/33/07.md +++ b/ezk/33/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "mouth" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: "you will hear # warn them on my behalf "warn them as my representative" or "give them the warning from me" - diff --git a/ezk/33/08.md b/ezk/33/08.md index 7fee86dc13..f2fbfc19cd 100644 --- a/ezk/33/08.md +++ b/ezk/33/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I will require his blood from your hand Here "blood" represents a person's death. The phrase "require ... from your hand" is an idiom that means to consider someone responsible. Alternate translation: "I will consider you responsible for his death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/09.md b/ezk/33/09.md index 68008e83c2..2b6ebb850b 100644 --- a/ezk/33/09.md +++ b/ezk/33/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person no longer behaving in a certain way is spoken of as if he physically tu # will have saved your own life "will have kept yourself alive" - diff --git a/ezk/33/10.md b/ezk/33/10.md index fd6d02bfd0..ebcacf30ad 100644 --- a/ezk/33/10.md +++ b/ezk/33/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "on us" is a metaphor that means they feel guilty for t # How can we live? The people ask this question to emphasize that they have no hope of living. Alternate translation: "We have no hope of living." or "We will certainly die." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/11.md b/ezk/33/11.md index c38a00447d..ab80b1a87d 100644 --- a/ezk/33/11.md +++ b/ezk/33/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "way" represents how a person behaves. Alternate translation: "if the wicke # For why should you die, house of Israel? Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he does not want the people of Israel to die. Alternate translation: "Do not choose to die, house of Israel!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/12.md b/ezk/33/12.md index 901c7a0b98..79d1e9c137 100644 --- a/ezk/33/12.md +++ b/ezk/33/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "righteousness" can be stated as the adjective "right." It is # The wickedness of a wicked person will not cause him to perish The abstract noun "wickedness" can be stated as the adjective "wicked." Alternate translation: "A person who does what is wicked will not perish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/13.md b/ezk/33/13.md index d83a23e1cc..95733fbcc3 100644 --- a/ezk/33/13.md +++ b/ezk/33/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I will not think about" or "I will not # for the wickedness he committed The abstract noun "wickedness" can be stated as the adjective "wicked" Alternate translation: "because of the wicked things he has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/14.md b/ezk/33/14.md index 9d4cb5379d..4935719f73 100644 --- a/ezk/33/14.md +++ b/ezk/33/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the Israelites. # to the wicked The nominal adjective "the wicked" can be stated as "the wicked person." Alternate translation: "to the wicked person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/15.md b/ezk/33/15.md index d96b2c6d36..ef06d1d97f 100644 --- a/ezk/33/15.md +++ b/ezk/33/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ something a person leaves with another person to show that he will keep his prom # walks in the statutes that give life Acting or behaving in a certain way is spoken of as if it were walking. Alternate translation: "lives according to the laws that give life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/16.md b/ezk/33/16.md index e9d1c1ca32..ce53d4a7d1 100644 --- a/ezk/33/16.md +++ b/ezk/33/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will be called to mind for him The phrase "call to mind" is an idiom that means to remember. The phrase "will be called" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will I think about" or "will I recall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/17.md b/ezk/33/17.md index f5d6e81dce..dc1116430b 100644 --- a/ezk/33/17.md +++ b/ezk/33/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Behaviors or actions is spoken of as if they were a way or road on which a perso # but it is your ways The word "your" refers to the people of Israel. This can be stated in third person. Alternate translation: "but it is their ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/18.md b/ezk/33/18.md index 614be3cda7..a771db224e 100644 --- a/ezk/33/18.md +++ b/ezk/33/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ No longer doing something is spoken of as if it were physically turning away fro # die in it "die because of his sins" - diff --git a/ezk/33/19.md b/ezk/33/19.md index 6801366ee7..9918aa4e0b 100644 --- a/ezk/33/19.md +++ b/ezk/33/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ No longer doing something is spoken of as if it were physically turning away fro # because of those things "because he does what is just and righteous" - diff --git a/ezk/33/20.md b/ezk/33/20.md index 93484d0d40..90578c8366 100644 --- a/ezk/33/20.md +++ b/ezk/33/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the people of Israel. # house of Israel Here "house" represents people. Alternate translation: "people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/21.md b/ezk/33/21.md index 1c241fbfe2..aee27ed264 100644 --- a/ezk/33/21.md +++ b/ezk/33/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "our" refers to Ezekiel and the Israelites who have been in Babylon since t # The city has been captured The phrase "the city" refers to "Jerusalem." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Babylonians have destroyed Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/22.md b/ezk/33/22.md index f8fcd4ad34..c63ac2d12d 100644 --- a/ezk/33/22.md +++ b/ezk/33/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "dawn" refers to the time early in the morning when the light of the su # I was no longer mute "I was no longer forced to be silent" or "I was no longer unable to speak" Ezekiel had been unable to speak anything except prophetic words since [Ezekiel 3:26](../03/26.md). - diff --git a/ezk/33/23.md b/ezk/33/23.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/33/23.md +++ b/ezk/33/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/24.md b/ezk/33/24.md index 0e346bb525..e23f77ba7a 100644 --- a/ezk/33/24.md +++ b/ezk/33/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has given us t # as a possession The abstract noun "possession" can be stated as "possess." Alternate translation: "so that we can possess it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/25.md b/ezk/33/25.md index ccf002444e..b43cd23348 100644 --- a/ezk/33/25.md +++ b/ezk/33/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "blood" represents a person's life. To pour out blood is an idiom that mean # Should you really possess the land? Yahweh used this question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: "You should not possess this land!" or "You do not deserve this land!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/26.md b/ezk/33/26.md index 196476f5f5..90da43d462 100644 --- a/ezk/33/26.md +++ b/ezk/33/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "swords" represent doing violent things. Alternate translation: "You have c # each man defiles his neighbor's wife It is implied that they defile their neighbor's wives by sleeping with them. Alternate translation: "each man sleeps with his neighbor's wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/27.md b/ezk/33/27.md index 9ec4c30815..9d2d57b04e 100644 --- a/ezk/33/27.md +++ b/ezk/33/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A fortress is a building that people build to protect themselves from enemies wh # caves Caves are natural holes in the side of a mountain or down in the ground. They are usually made of rock. - diff --git a/ezk/33/28.md b/ezk/33/28.md index 11818cde05..657f16e32f 100644 --- a/ezk/33/28.md +++ b/ezk/33/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will live in t # there will be no one to pass through them "there will be no one left to travel through the land or over the mountains" - diff --git a/ezk/33/29.md b/ezk/33/29.md index 415eabeb3c..b14e12a4b8 100644 --- a/ezk/33/29.md +++ b/ezk/33/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "abominations" can be stated as "things I hate." Alternate tra # they have done "the people have done" - diff --git a/ezk/33/30.md b/ezk/33/30.md index 14b09832fd..77d8558ccc 100644 --- a/ezk/33/30.md +++ b/ezk/33/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel. # that comes out from Yahweh "that Yahweh tells him to speak" or "that Yahweh gives him" - diff --git a/ezk/33/31.md b/ezk/33/31.md index 259a4fa373..1275b82691 100644 --- a/ezk/33/31.md +++ b/ezk/33/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "mouths" represent speaking. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation # their hearts are going after unjust profit Here "hearts" represents desire. Alternate translation: "in their hearts they want to get their unjust profit" or "they desire to get things in ways that are not just" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/33/32.md b/ezk/33/32.md index a46a48e77f..81a02e64c8 100644 --- a/ezk/33/32.md +++ b/ezk/33/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that someone plays ve # stringed instrument something that has strings and people use to make music - diff --git a/ezk/33/33.md b/ezk/33/33.md index ca085ae90a..c0553cf268 100644 --- a/ezk/33/33.md +++ b/ezk/33/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "behold" here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: "in # that a prophet has been among them "that I really sent you as a prophet to them" - diff --git a/ezk/33/intro.md b/ezk/33/intro.md index fbda8c3a61..222e4c2e2b 100644 --- a/ezk/33/intro.md +++ b/ezk/33/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 33 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Repentance +### Repentance God does not want sinners to die. He wants them to repent and live. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ God does not want sinners to die. He wants them to repent and live. (See: [[rc:/ * __[Ezekiel 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/34/01.md b/ezk/34/01.md index d7faae5520..d872313fea 100644 --- a/ezk/34/01.md +++ b/ezk/34/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In chapter 34, Yahweh speaks of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/02.md b/ezk/34/02.md index 995281d02e..a346aa89f5 100644 --- a/ezk/34/02.md +++ b/ezk/34/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The leaders taking care of themselves instead of the people are spoken of as if # Should not shepherds guard the flock? Yahweh uses this question to scold the leaders for not taking care of the people. Alternate translation: "Shepherds should feed the flock and take care of it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/03.md b/ezk/34/03.md index 0d17227a71..f88cd104e1 100644 --- a/ezk/34/03.md +++ b/ezk/34/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The fatty portions come from the sheep and the goats. Alternate translation: "Yo # do not shepherd at all "do not feed and take care of the flock" - diff --git a/ezk/34/04.md b/ezk/34/04.md index 1da55a2c26..5f7eaa8a89 100644 --- a/ezk/34/04.md +++ b/ezk/34/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The words "the sheep or goats" are left out of this phrase, but they are intende # through strength and violence "forcefully and cruelly" - diff --git a/ezk/34/05.md b/ezk/34/05.md index a282a67fc8..763ea0cec2 100644 --- a/ezk/34/05.md +++ b/ezk/34/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then they scattered b # they became food for all the living beasts in the fields "all of the wild animals could attack and eat them" - diff --git a/ezk/34/06.md b/ezk/34/06.md index 38b897c91b..cca2977bff 100644 --- a/ezk/34/06.md +++ b/ezk/34/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is dispersed over the entire surface of the earth "my flock is spread out all over the earth" - diff --git a/ezk/34/07.md b/ezk/34/07.md index f071e50b3f..89b9d4084a 100644 --- a/ezk/34/07.md +++ b/ezk/34/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the leaders of Israel. Yahweh con # hear the word of Yahweh This is an idiom that is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "listen to Yahweh's message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/08.md b/ezk/34/08.md index d9aa0d2787..166a84a673 100644 --- a/ezk/34/08.md +++ b/ezk/34/08.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "all" is a generalization that refers to all the wild animals that eat shee # did not shepherd my flock "did not feed and care for my flock" - diff --git a/ezk/34/09.md b/ezk/34/09.md index 3b0ab06878..105201ec33 100644 --- a/ezk/34/09.md +++ b/ezk/34/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the leaders of Israel. Yahweh con # hear the word of Yahweh "listen to Yahweh's message." This is an idiom that is used to introduce a special message from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/10.md b/ezk/34/10.md index b7443924c6..815297653e 100644 --- a/ezk/34/10.md +++ b/ezk/34/10.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here "mouths" represent eating. Alternate translation: "so they cannot eat them" # my flock will no longer be food for them "the shepherds will no longer eat the sheep and the goats of my flock" - diff --git a/ezk/34/11.md b/ezk/34/11.md index b8315d74a6..3442ed6183 100644 --- a/ezk/34/11.md +++ b/ezk/34/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "Behold" here alerts the shepherds to pay attention to the surprising i # will seek out "will look for" - diff --git a/ezk/34/12.md b/ezk/34/12.md index 506026702c..a5e7b4d6e7 100644 --- a/ezk/34/12.md +++ b/ezk/34/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is is implied that the animals in the flock scattered because they did not ha # on the day of clouds and darkness "on the cloudy and dark day." Disasters are spoken of as if they were a day of darkness. Alternate translation: "when terrible disasters happened to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/13.md b/ezk/34/13.md index ebbb4dfbf1..fd91a5af96 100644 --- a/ezk/34/13.md +++ b/ezk/34/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ land that has grass and small plants that sheep and goats can eat # settlement This is a place where people live. Usually they live in houses in a settlement. - diff --git a/ezk/34/14.md b/ezk/34/14.md index 98539a1311..0f2dcb7ebe 100644 --- a/ezk/34/14.md +++ b/ezk/34/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the leaders of Israel. Yahweh con # graze eat grass and other plants - diff --git a/ezk/34/15.md b/ezk/34/15.md index 17d49a9e68..bc9743a70b 100644 --- a/ezk/34/15.md +++ b/ezk/34/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "myself" adds emphasis. God would do this because the shepherds were no # will shepherd "will feed and take care of" - diff --git a/ezk/34/16.md b/ezk/34/16.md index ff33dd474c..24865a32d3 100644 --- a/ezk/34/16.md +++ b/ezk/34/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "the sheep or goats" are left out of this phrase, but they are intende # the fat and the strong The word "sheep" is understood. Alternate translation: "the fat sheep and the strong sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/17.md b/ezk/34/17.md index 9265d90f3a..2baa96f0d4 100644 --- a/ezk/34/17.md +++ b/ezk/34/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel his message. Now it is to the people of Israel. # rams and male goats The male sheep and goats are usually the strongest in the flock and can get whatever they want from the other animals in the flock. - diff --git a/ezk/34/18.md b/ezk/34/18.md index aa65de51ce..3a198cfded 100644 --- a/ezk/34/18.md +++ b/ezk/34/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is it not enough ... feet God uses these questions to scold Israel's leaders, who are spoken of as if they were the stronger animals in the flock that were unkind to the weaker ones. You can translate this as a statement as in the UDB. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/19.md b/ezk/34/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/34/19.md +++ b/ezk/34/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/34/20.md b/ezk/34/20.md index 295fbbdce4..defd6e161e 100644 --- a/ezk/34/20.md +++ b/ezk/34/20.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "myself" emphasizes that it is Yahweh who will judge. (See: [[rc://en/t # the fat sheep and the thin ones The leaders and strong people in Israel are spoken of as if they were fat and strong animals in the flock. The poor and weak people in Israel are spoken of as if they were the thin and weak animals in the flock. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/21.md b/ezk/34/21.md index f47cc98382..8a923579b1 100644 --- a/ezk/34/21.md +++ b/ezk/34/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "have pushed" or "have shoved" 2) "have stabbed" or "ha # away from the land "away from the land of Israel" - diff --git a/ezk/34/22.md b/ezk/34/22.md index 403039d822..95c974d435 100644 --- a/ezk/34/22.md +++ b/ezk/34/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not allow anyo # will no longer be plunder "will no longer be things that are stolen." The shepherds and wild animals have been stealing the sheep and the goats from Yahweh's flock. - diff --git a/ezk/34/23.md b/ezk/34/23.md index ae3952d0c3..5c1731cd5f 100644 --- a/ezk/34/23.md +++ b/ezk/34/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "David" refers to a descendant of David. Alternate translation: "a descenda # He will shepherd them The descendant of David who will be king over the people of Israel is spoken of as if he would be their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/24.md b/ezk/34/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/34/24.md +++ b/ezk/34/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/34/25.md b/ezk/34/25.md index 28b3a5abd4..332ff4e4f3 100644 --- a/ezk/34/25.md +++ b/ezk/34/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Israel. Yahweh cont # the evil wild animals These are wild animals that could kill the sheep and the goats. - diff --git a/ezk/34/26.md b/ezk/34/26.md index f6613b6e74..37a68c51e5 100644 --- a/ezk/34/26.md +++ b/ezk/34/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to Mount Zion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # These will be showers of blessing "This rain will be a blessing" - diff --git a/ezk/34/27.md b/ezk/34/27.md index a9bee12d58..b112088e64 100644 --- a/ezk/34/27.md +++ b/ezk/34/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Slavery is spoken of as if it were a yoke that people wear like some animals. Al # from the hand of those who enslaved them Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "from the control of those who made them slaves" or "from those who made them slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/28.md b/ezk/34/28.md index bb338061cb..4f3c065e2c 100644 --- a/ezk/34/28.md +++ b/ezk/34/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: "The # plunder These are things that are stolen or taken by force. See how you translated "plunder" in [Ezekiel 7:21](../07/21.md). - diff --git a/ezk/34/29.md b/ezk/34/29.md index 9da01bf795..73f03f755d 100644 --- a/ezk/34/29.md +++ b/ezk/34/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they will not bear the insults of the nations Here "nations" represents the people of the nations. The abstract noun "insults" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "they will no longer hear the people of the nations insult them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/30.md b/ezk/34/30.md index 5243c18b71..a58d16cb46 100644 --- a/ezk/34/30.md +++ b/ezk/34/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "I ... am with them" is an idiom that means Yahweh helps them. Alternate tr # with them. They are my people This can be stated as one sentence. Alternate translation: "with them, and that they are my people" - diff --git a/ezk/34/31.md b/ezk/34/31.md index 6477da35a8..6e98e9dbfc 100644 --- a/ezk/34/31.md +++ b/ezk/34/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For you are my sheep, the flock of my pasture This speaks of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and Yahweh is their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/34/intro.md b/ezk/34/intro.md index c8e0efb8f4..19aa3777a1 100644 --- a/ezk/34/intro.md +++ b/ezk/34/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Ezekiel 34 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### God protects the people +### God protects the people -God is against those who exploit others. He will protect and take care of his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) +God is against those who exploit others. He will protect and take care of his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor The people of Israel are compared to sheep and God and the son of David as good shepherds. This is a common metaphor in scripture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The people of Israel are compared to sheep and God and the son of David as good * __[Ezekiel 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/35/01.md b/ezk/35/01.md index 371a98e743..7423b98199 100644 --- a/ezk/35/01.md +++ b/ezk/35/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak a prophecy. Ezekiel is to speak to Mount Seir, but # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/02.md b/ezk/35/02.md index 4cc8c1da9b..14b7648436 100644 --- a/ezk/35/02.md +++ b/ezk/35/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Mount Seir was far away, so Ezekiel could not see it, but Yahweh commands him to # Mount Seir and prophesy against it "the mountain of Seir." Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak to Mount Seir as if it could hear him. The message is for all of the people of Edom. Alternate translation: "Mount Seir and prophesy against it because of what the people of Edom have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/03.md b/ezk/35/03.md index 094f9cb3c7..e4dbfcc483 100644 --- a/ezk/35/03.md +++ b/ezk/35/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power. Alternate translation: "I will use my power to str # make you a desolation The abstract noun "desolation" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "make you desolate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/04.md b/ezk/35/04.md index 30c5d5c104..c83e9ec648 100644 --- a/ezk/35/04.md +++ b/ezk/35/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the message that Ezekiel is to speak to Mount Seir. The message i # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/05.md b/ezk/35/05.md index 32ca482355..c83e6168a2 100644 --- a/ezk/35/05.md +++ b/ezk/35/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings of this metaphor are 1) "you gave them over to their enemies w # at the time of their distress "at a time of disaster" - diff --git a/ezk/35/06.md b/ezk/35/06.md index 91bf6546d5..2780d30ca7 100644 --- a/ezk/35/06.md +++ b/ezk/35/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "bloodshed" is a metonym for killing. Yahweh speaks of bloodshed as if it w # Since you did not hate bloodshed Here "bloodshed" is a metonym for killing. Alternate translation: "Since you did not hate it when enemies brutally killed the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/07.md b/ezk/35/07.md index 7654fd641b..011314c8b8 100644 --- a/ezk/35/07.md +++ b/ezk/35/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the message that Ezekiel is to speak to Mount Seir. The message i # when I cut off from it anyone who passes through and returns again Possible meanings are 1) "cut off" is a metaphor that means to destroy. Alternate translation: "I will destroy anyone who enters it or leaves it" or 2) "cut off" is a metaphor that means to stop someone from doing something. Alternate translation: "I will make it so that people do not travel back and forth through it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/08.md b/ezk/35/08.md index e6c3387d92..9d22d0e3d4 100644 --- a/ezk/35/08.md +++ b/ezk/35/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who were killed by the sword Here "sword" represents enemies who fought them in battle. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 31:17](../31/17.md). Alternate translation: "those whom enemies have killed with swords" or "those who have died in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/09.md b/ezk/35/09.md index cc40f1f1e2..ac9011e317 100644 --- a/ezk/35/09.md +++ b/ezk/35/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. This may be an exaggeration for emphasis. Alt # but you will know Here "you" is plural. God is speaking to the people of Mount Seir, rather than to a single mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/10.md b/ezk/35/10.md index c8098a4da1..1682594766 100644 --- a/ezk/35/10.md +++ b/ezk/35/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "we" refers to the people of Edom. # even when Yahweh was present with them It is implied that Yahweh was protecting Israel and Judah. Alternate translation: "but Yahweh was there protecting Israel and Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/11.md b/ezk/35/11.md index d3e181e0b1..5530433b26 100644 --- a/ezk/35/11.md +++ b/ezk/35/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will do according to your anger and according to your jealousy Possible meanings are 1) "I will punish you because of your anger and jealousy" or 2) "just as you acted against the people of Israel with anger and jealousy, I will act against you with anger and jealousy." - diff --git a/ezk/35/12.md b/ezk/35/12.md index e9cf20dc4e..d8f861ed68 100644 --- a/ezk/35/12.md +++ b/ezk/35/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They are in ru # they have been given over to us to devour The people of Mount Seir taking the land of Israel and using it for themselves is spoken of as if they were wild animals that would devour the mountains of Israel. Alternate translation: "they are here for us to devour" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/13.md b/ezk/35/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/35/13.md +++ b/ezk/35/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/35/14.md b/ezk/35/14.md index 7f1cd8539b..9ec39cb337 100644 --- a/ezk/35/14.md +++ b/ezk/35/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "you" refers to Mount Seir, but the message is for the people of Edom. The # the entire earth rejoices Here "earth" represents the people of the earth. The word "entire" is a generalization that refers only to people near Mount Seir. Alternate translation: "people who know that I have destroyed you rejoice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/35/15.md b/ezk/35/15.md index 5f61c4a4b6..08714d837a 100644 --- a/ezk/35/15.md +++ b/ezk/35/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) I will make your land desolate" or 2) "I will rejoice w # Then they will know The word "they" possibly refers to 1) "the people of the earth" or 2) "the people of Israel and Judah." - diff --git a/ezk/35/intro.md b/ezk/35/intro.md index 3efedb6719..08fb49df50 100644 --- a/ezk/35/intro.md +++ b/ezk/35/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Ezekiel 35 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Edom +### Edom -Because the people of Edom rejoiced at the destruction of Israel, they too will be destroyed. +Because the people of Edom rejoiced at the destruction of Israel, they too will be destroyed. ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/36/01.md b/ezk/36/01.md index ac1998c261..ccfa228cc6 100644 --- a/ezk/36/01.md +++ b/ezk/36/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak a prophecy. Ezekiel is to speak to the mountains o # prophesy to the mountains of Israel God wants Ezekiel to speak to the mountains as if they were people. The message is for the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/02.md b/ezk/36/02.md index e9e77360ba..617b1cc74c 100644 --- a/ezk/36/02.md +++ b/ezk/36/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an expression of joy. It can be translated as "I am very happy" or "This # have become our possession "now belong to us" - diff --git a/ezk/36/03.md b/ezk/36/03.md index 2d4139f42f..e34f82ef32 100644 --- a/ezk/36/03.md +++ b/ezk/36/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "desolation" can be stated as "desolate." Alternate translatio # you have been the subject of slanderous lips and tongues, and of people's stories Here, "lips" and "tongues" represent people speaking. Alternate translation: "people are saying bad things about you, and the nations are telling bad stories about you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/04.md b/ezk/36/04.md index 7ddbaa0ace..6403e19816 100644 --- a/ezk/36/04.md +++ b/ezk/36/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the cities that peopl # that have become plunder "that enemies have stolen from" - diff --git a/ezk/36/05.md b/ezk/36/05.md index 9a6723ca4d..f952f1fc47 100644 --- a/ezk/36/05.md +++ b/ezk/36/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh's zeal as if it were a fire. Yahweh loves Israel very much # had both joy in their heart and contempt in their spirit, as they seized my land Here "heart" and "spirit" represent a person's inner being. The ideas of having joy and disdain can be expressed with the verbs "rejoiced" and "despised." Alternate translation: "who despised the people of Israel and rejoiced while they took my land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/06.md b/ezk/36/06.md index afa8c8ef5c..513beb5651 100644 --- a/ezk/36/06.md +++ b/ezk/36/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "zeal" and "anger" mean basically the same thing. Together they emphas # you have borne the insults of nations "other nations have insulted you" or "other nations have mocked you" - diff --git a/ezk/36/07.md b/ezk/36/07.md index 07c913b674..7dee3a3068 100644 --- a/ezk/36/07.md +++ b/ezk/36/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people experiencing shame are spoken of as if they will carry their shame. A # surround you The word "you" refers to the mountains of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/36/08.md b/ezk/36/08.md index 5bf3619a25..2289988951 100644 --- a/ezk/36/08.md +++ b/ezk/36/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues Yahweh's message to the mountains of Israel. The message is inten # you will grow branches and bear fruit Here "you" refers to the mountain of Israel which here represents the trees on the mountain that will grow fruit. Alternate translation: "your trees will grow branches and bear fruit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/09.md b/ezk/36/09.md index 3949848a1d..5da0bc5746 100644 --- a/ezk/36/09.md +++ b/ezk/36/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # you will be plowed and sown with seed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my people, Israel, will plow your ground and sow it with seed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/10.md b/ezk/36/10.md index 2d56440bc7..2e26801ad0 100644 --- a/ezk/36/10.md +++ b/ezk/36/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "house" represents people. Alternate translation: "all of the people of Isr # The cities will be inhabited and the ruins rebuilt This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then people will live in the cities and will rebuild the ruins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/11.md b/ezk/36/11.md index 11a04d132e..3a4fec71dc 100644 --- a/ezk/36/11.md +++ b/ezk/36/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people to live on you # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/12.md b/ezk/36/12.md index fa6af20f3f..086d8dfdc8 100644 --- a/ezk/36/12.md +++ b/ezk/36/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people living in the mountains and land of Israel permanently is spoke of as # you will no longer cause their children to die It is implied that in the past children died because there was not enough food in the land. Now the land would produce enough food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/13.md b/ezk/36/13.md index 36abd22e23..61c486d8ce 100644 --- a/ezk/36/13.md +++ b/ezk/36/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Not enough food growing in Israel so that people die is spoken of as if the moun # bereaving your nation of children "you cause your people's children to die" - diff --git a/ezk/36/14.md b/ezk/36/14.md index bc6912d0d2..f4b1fee3d3 100644 --- a/ezk/36/14.md +++ b/ezk/36/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Not enough food growing in Israel so that people die is spoken of as if the moun # This is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "This is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "This is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/15.md b/ezk/36/15.md index cc2ab9f75e..a02e4be020 100644 --- a/ezk/36/15.md +++ b/ezk/36/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of the mountains as if they were able to hear when people insult the # you will no longer have to suffer the scorn of the peoples Experiencing shame is spoken of as if the mountains could bear shame. Alternate translation: "the peoples will no longer cause you to feel ashamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/16.md b/ezk/36/16.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/36/16.md +++ b/ezk/36/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/17.md b/ezk/36/17.md index cfcf4535c0..cb09303ab9 100644 --- a/ezk/36/17.md +++ b/ezk/36/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "house" represents people. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel" (S # Their ways were like the uncleanness of the impurity before me The words "the impurity" are a euphemism for the unclean rags a woman uses at the time of the month when she bleeds from her womb. This simile emphasizes how disgusting the people's behavior was to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "Their ways were as disgusting to me as the unclean menstruation of a woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/18.md b/ezk/36/18.md index c37e386c69..3fbc0be20a 100644 --- a/ezk/36/18.md +++ b/ezk/36/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to killing someone. Alternate translation: "because # for their pollution of it by their idols The people worshiping idols is spoken of as if the idols made the land physically dirty. Alternate translation: "because they defiled the land with their idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/19.md b/ezk/36/19.md index c3e5e948f0..228258378b 100644 --- a/ezk/36/19.md +++ b/ezk/36/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I dispersed them thro # their ways and their deeds Here "ways" and "deeds" mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "the things that they have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/20.md b/ezk/36/20.md index 308a11928b..6cd749d0fe 100644 --- a/ezk/36/20.md +++ b/ezk/36/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For Yahweh has forced # his land This refers to the land of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/36/21.md b/ezk/36/21.md index 5e3349e807..618beabb3d 100644 --- a/ezk/36/21.md +++ b/ezk/36/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate translation: "When t # the house of Israel Here "house" represents people. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/22.md b/ezk/36/22.md index d6218a7c94..856de8fa8e 100644 --- a/ezk/36/22.md +++ b/ezk/36/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "name" represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate translation: "but so # you have profaned among the nations everywhere you have gone "you have caused the people of the nations to mock everywhere you have gone" - diff --git a/ezk/36/23.md b/ezk/36/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/36/23.md +++ b/ezk/36/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/36/24.md b/ezk/36/24.md index 7f244e0208..fbf97d9280 100644 --- a/ezk/36/24.md +++ b/ezk/36/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/36/25.md b/ezk/36/25.md index eac6e30fba..487afcd999 100644 --- a/ezk/36/25.md +++ b/ezk/36/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh forgiving the people and causing them to no longer sin is spoken of as if # all of your uncleanness "all the things that made you unclean" - diff --git a/ezk/36/26.md b/ezk/36/26.md index 5eed882f13..dda079ab15 100644 --- a/ezk/36/26.md +++ b/ezk/36/26.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This speaks of people being stubborn as if their hearts were made of stone. See # a heart of flesh People being willing to serve Yahweh is spoken of as if their hearts were soft like flesh. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 11:19](../11/19.md). Alternate translation: "a heart that is soft like flesh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/27.md b/ezk/36/27.md index f3c6d61286..53b8d36ee8 100644 --- a/ezk/36/27.md +++ b/ezk/36/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # enable you to walk in my statutes A person acting or behaving in a certain way is spoken of is if it were a person walking. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 11:20](../11/20.md). Alternate translation: "enable you to obey my statutes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/28.md b/ezk/36/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/36/28.md +++ b/ezk/36/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/36/29.md b/ezk/36/29.md index ed5f6f44fa..6e595df7de 100644 --- a/ezk/36/29.md +++ b/ezk/36/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Something that is unacceptable to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were physically u # I will no longer put famine upon you Yahweh causing a famine in the land is spoken of as if he put famine on the people. Alternate translation: "I will no longer cause there to be a famine" or "I will no longer cause there to be no food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/30.md b/ezk/36/30.md index e4075e0c1b..9f0fcc797f 100644 --- a/ezk/36/30.md +++ b/ezk/36/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will no longer bear the shame of famine among the nations Experiencing shame is spoken of as if the people had to carry the shame. Alternate translation: "the nations will no longer make you feel ashamed because you suffer from famine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/31.md b/ezk/36/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/36/31.md +++ b/ezk/36/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/36/32.md b/ezk/36/32.md index 35052ccebb..4820894b13 100644 --- a/ezk/36/32.md +++ b/ezk/36/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "ashamed" and "disgraced" share similar meanings. Together they emphas # house of Israel Here "house" represents people. Alternate translation: "people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/33.md b/ezk/36/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/36/33.md +++ b/ezk/36/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/36/34.md b/ezk/36/34.md index da99202f9e..6c73bb7d53 100644 --- a/ezk/36/34.md +++ b/ezk/36/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # before the eyes of all who pass by The eyes represent sight. Alternate translation: "to those who pass by and see it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/35.md b/ezk/36/35.md index f26d007682..ae1ac8ff77 100644 --- a/ezk/36/35.md +++ b/ezk/36/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translatio # are now fortified and inhabited This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people have now rebuilt them and have started living there again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/36.md b/ezk/36/36.md index 6da810a2e1..c020c0e433 100644 --- a/ezk/36/36.md +++ b/ezk/36/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # replanted the deserted places "planted crops in the desolate land" - diff --git a/ezk/36/37.md b/ezk/36/37.md index a755131a7f..eb4495aa20 100644 --- a/ezk/36/37.md +++ b/ezk/36/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" represents people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate tra # to increase them like a flock of people Yahweh causing the people to multiply greatly and quickly is spoken of as if they were a flock of sheep. Sheep multiply very quickly. Alternate translation: "to make them multiply like a flock of sheep" or "to make the people multiply quickly like sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/38.md b/ezk/36/38.md index 4c92a6faf7..08a04d4455 100644 --- a/ezk/36/38.md +++ b/ezk/36/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "is set apart" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: " # so will the ruined cities be filled with flocks of people This speaks of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so will the great number of people be who will be living in the cities that are now ruined but the people will rebuild" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/36/intro.md b/ezk/36/intro.md index ce9fc055ef..3a94c61018 100644 --- a/ezk/36/intro.md +++ b/ezk/36/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Ezekiel 36 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Israel restored +### Israel restored Israel is promised to be restored by Yahweh. Because of his honor, God will bring Israel back to their land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) -#### New hearts +### New hearts God will forgive Israel's sin and give them the desire to obey him. This is expressed by the metonym "heart." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ God will forgive Israel's sin and give them the desire to obey him. This is expr * __[Ezekiel 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../35/intro.md) | [>>](../37/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/37/01.md b/ezk/37/01.md index d559fc97e1..2fec9cc96e 100644 --- a/ezk/37/01.md +++ b/ezk/37/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. A person wi # in the midst "in the middle" - diff --git a/ezk/37/02.md b/ezk/37/02.md index 136e36f33c..09a44938c8 100644 --- a/ezk/37/02.md +++ b/ezk/37/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Behold! The word "Behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. - diff --git a/ezk/37/03.md b/ezk/37/03.md index 6187099126..3768025955 100644 --- a/ezk/37/03.md +++ b/ezk/37/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Son of man "Son of a human being" or "Son of humanity." God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: "Mortal person" or "Human" - diff --git a/ezk/37/04.md b/ezk/37/04.md index 10abc46113..c33e9d50f5 100644 --- a/ezk/37/04.md +++ b/ezk/37/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks to Ezekiel. # Listen to the word of Yahweh "Listen to Yahweh's message" - diff --git a/ezk/37/05.md b/ezk/37/05.md index 16f54d6840..bd8f0995a3 100644 --- a/ezk/37/05.md +++ b/ezk/37/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The noun "breath" can be stated as the verb "breathe." Alternate translation: "I # breath The Hebrew word translated as "breath" in these verses is translated as "spirit" by a few modern versions. It is also translated as "wind" in [Ezekiel 37:9](../37/09.md). - diff --git a/ezk/37/06.md b/ezk/37/06.md index 9fdc021bc2..1ab0591538 100644 --- a/ezk/37/06.md +++ b/ezk/37/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the tissue that connects muscles to bones # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/07.md b/ezk/37/07.md index 9d588a724b..77e335fb7e 100644 --- a/ezk/37/07.md +++ b/ezk/37/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh had command # behold The word "behold" here shows that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw. - diff --git a/ezk/37/08.md b/ezk/37/08.md index 8a914b6b7a..c499b26687 100644 --- a/ezk/37/08.md +++ b/ezk/37/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the parts of human bodies that are like hard strings and hold the # But there was still no breath in them The noun "breath" can be stated as the verb "breathing." Alternate translation: "But they were not breathing" or "But they were not alive" - diff --git a/ezk/37/09.md b/ezk/37/09.md index 42a31032cb..2e59e96ef3 100644 --- a/ezk/37/09.md +++ b/ezk/37/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are: 1) "breath" or 2) "spirit" or 3) "wind." # these who have been killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "these people that enemies and disasters have killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/10.md b/ezk/37/10.md index 29d5df7379..26f8a44b9b 100644 --- a/ezk/37/10.md +++ b/ezk/37/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as I was commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh had commanded me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/11.md b/ezk/37/11.md index adcf78d0ba..7d895468f7 100644 --- a/ezk/37/11.md +++ b/ezk/37/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "Behold" here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: "In # We have been cut off The people being destroyed and removed from their land is spoken of as if they had been cut off like a person would cut off a branch or piece of cloth. Alternate translation: "Our nation is destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/12.md b/ezk/37/12.md index 6dd90e6a62..2d46cf137c 100644 --- a/ezk/37/12.md +++ b/ezk/37/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will open your graves and lift you out from them Yahweh restoring the people and bringing them back to their land is spoken of as if he will bring them back to life again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/13.md b/ezk/37/13.md index 5f497a8817..1ae2896a3b 100644 --- a/ezk/37/13.md +++ b/ezk/37/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These are Yahweh's words to the house of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/37/14.md b/ezk/37/14.md index c5849a550e..06b942a522 100644 --- a/ezk/37/14.md +++ b/ezk/37/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/15.md b/ezk/37/15.md index a5d7d066d8..e161768a6a 100644 --- a/ezk/37/15.md +++ b/ezk/37/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/16.md b/ezk/37/16.md index 5a769d7685..d955421780 100644 --- a/ezk/37/16.md +++ b/ezk/37/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Joseph was Ephraim's father. The tribe of Ephraim lived in the northern kingdom # all the people of Israel, their companions This refers to the Israelites who lived in the northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: "all the tribes of Israel" or "the Israelites who were part of the kingdom of Israel" - diff --git a/ezk/37/17.md b/ezk/37/17.md index 6a37948acd..1ca30dc8ce 100644 --- a/ezk/37/17.md +++ b/ezk/37/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into one stick "so that they become one stick" - diff --git a/ezk/37/18.md b/ezk/37/18.md index 8afca67eb0..07076a4270 100644 --- a/ezk/37/18.md +++ b/ezk/37/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel. # what these things of yours mean "what your sticks mean" or "why you have these sticks" - diff --git a/ezk/37/19.md b/ezk/37/19.md index 672e078a4a..b8f5650e26 100644 --- a/ezk/37/19.md +++ b/ezk/37/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "that is in the power of # the branch of Judah "the stick of Judah." This represents the kingdom of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/20.md b/ezk/37/20.md index 01f3200df6..25685902cc 100644 --- a/ezk/37/20.md +++ b/ezk/37/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before their eyes Here the people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: "while they watched you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/21.md b/ezk/37/21.md index f70be0aceb..fd0c483a99 100644 --- a/ezk/37/21.md +++ b/ezk/37/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel. # Behold! "Look!" or "Listen!" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!" - diff --git a/ezk/37/22.md b/ezk/37/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/37/22.md +++ b/ezk/37/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/37/23.md b/ezk/37/23.md index 7d6420e8f5..a0dd398148 100644 --- a/ezk/37/23.md +++ b/ezk/37/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will be my people and I will be their God See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 11:20](../11/20.md). - diff --git a/ezk/37/24.md b/ezk/37/24.md index 514d05421e..3c3ba3f790 100644 --- a/ezk/37/24.md +++ b/ezk/37/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of a king ruling a people as if he were a shepherd leading sheep. Se # will walk according to my decrees This speaks of acting or behaving in a certain way as if it were a person walking. Alternate translation: "will live as I have commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/37/25.md b/ezk/37/25.md index 0218a24086..1fb6c05837 100644 --- a/ezk/37/25.md +++ b/ezk/37/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had stayed "had lived" - diff --git a/ezk/37/26.md b/ezk/37/26.md index b29a814e26..b7c64959fb 100644 --- a/ezk/37/26.md +++ b/ezk/37/26.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ It was implied that Yahweh would establish them in the land of Israel. Alternate # in their midst "among them" - diff --git a/ezk/37/27.md b/ezk/37/27.md index 998da7f6d6..9808c7684f 100644 --- a/ezk/37/27.md +++ b/ezk/37/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will be their God, and they will be my people See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 11:20](../11/20.md). - diff --git a/ezk/37/28.md b/ezk/37/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/37/28.md +++ b/ezk/37/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/37/intro.md b/ezk/37/intro.md index bfd8c21ac6..b966a6df57 100644 --- a/ezk/37/intro.md +++ b/ezk/37/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,19 @@ # Ezekiel 37 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel restored -#### Israel restored God will unite the two kingdoms of Israel and Judah and the Messiah will rule over them. This will come in a prophesied day of restoration. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor -The people are discouraged and compare themselves to skeletons, but God will cause them to become a nation again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +The people are discouraged and compare themselves to skeletons, but God will cause them to become a nation again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 37:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../36/intro.md) | [>>](../38/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/38/01.md b/ezk/38/01.md index bf746d6241..1d4e483355 100644 --- a/ezk/38/01.md +++ b/ezk/38/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/02.md b/ezk/38/02.md index 303b7025f7..2ca72b8239 100644 --- a/ezk/38/02.md +++ b/ezk/38/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This expression occurs twice in these verses. Some modern versions, however, int # Meshech ... Tubal See how you translated these names in [Ezekiel 32:26](../32/26.md). - diff --git a/ezk/38/03.md b/ezk/38/03.md index 3abcf09571..43319e3448 100644 --- a/ezk/38/03.md +++ b/ezk/38/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This emphasizes the importance of the statement that follows. It can be translat # I am against you This idiom means "I am your enemy." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/04.md b/ezk/38/04.md index 7051bbf5fe..0484cec7d7 100644 --- a/ezk/38/04.md +++ b/ezk/38/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hooks in your jaw" represents God's control over Gog. People put hooks in # in full armor ... holding swords These phrases describe an army that is ready for battle. - diff --git a/ezk/38/05.md b/ezk/38/05.md index f6edd08193..06ef88ebc4 100644 --- a/ezk/38/05.md +++ b/ezk/38/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with shields and helmets This phrase describes an army that is ready for battle. - diff --git a/ezk/38/06.md b/ezk/38/06.md index c6dd017a7d..5e48a6911f 100644 --- a/ezk/38/06.md +++ b/ezk/38/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a nation that lived north of the Black Sea # Beth Togarmah See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:14](../27/14.md). - diff --git a/ezk/38/07.md b/ezk/38/07.md index b63e357283..158b0e3571 100644 --- a/ezk/38/07.md +++ b/ezk/38/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Gog. # your troops assembled with you "all of your troops that you have gathered to yourself" or "all of your army that you have brought together for yourself" - diff --git a/ezk/38/08.md b/ezk/38/08.md index 228956da8e..f817bf8ecf 100644 --- a/ezk/38/08.md +++ b/ezk/38/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I have gathered # the land's people will be brought out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will bring the Israelites out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/09.md b/ezk/38/09.md index 7fcd0e2cf6..2e4a2f949e 100644 --- a/ezk/38/09.md +++ b/ezk/38/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This simile means Gog will bring destruction like a large storm does. (See: [[rc # a cloud covering the land This simile means the army will be so large that it will cover the entire land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/10.md b/ezk/38/10.md index 4d54c4411e..998bab23b9 100644 --- a/ezk/38/10.md +++ b/ezk/38/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These phrases mean the same thing and can be combined into a single phrase. Alte # plans will form in your heart Here "heart" refers to his thinking. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will think of plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/11.md b/ezk/38/11.md index f4dde63600..2d1bc19310 100644 --- a/ezk/38/11.md +++ b/ezk/38/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Gog will not do these things alone. His army will do most of them. Alternate tra # the open land The following phrases explain that this refers to a land without walls or bars or gates. - diff --git a/ezk/38/12.md b/ezk/38/12.md index b7278b8de2..12c62df172 100644 --- a/ezk/38/12.md +++ b/ezk/38/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "ruins" refers to the people who live in the destroyed cities. Alternate tr # at the center of the earth "in the middle of the most important countries in the world" - diff --git a/ezk/38/13.md b/ezk/38/13.md index 9be6204b7b..13e0e3033e 100644 --- a/ezk/38/13.md +++ b/ezk/38/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two questions are used to accuse Gog of attacking Israel without cause. Th # to take their livestock and property ... to haul away much plunder These phrases have similar meaning and can be combined into a single phrase. Alternate translation: "to take away their livestock and all their valuable possessions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/14.md b/ezk/38/14.md index 64348f4b0e..f18f08a2a9 100644 --- a/ezk/38/14.md +++ b/ezk/38/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh tells Ezekiel what he is to say to Gog. # On that day ... learn about them? Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that Gog will indeed hear about the people living in Israel. Alternate translation: "On that day, when my people Israel are living securely, you will hear about them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/15.md b/ezk/38/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/38/15.md +++ b/ezk/38/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/38/16.md b/ezk/38/16.md index c190b8d756..50f13e14a6 100644 --- a/ezk/38/16.md +++ b/ezk/38/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ All the nations will understand that Yahweh is holy when they see what he does t # might know me "might know who I am" - diff --git a/ezk/38/17.md b/ezk/38/17.md index 6ca60e777e..13d5c48faa 100644 --- a/ezk/38/17.md +++ b/ezk/38/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to the fact that these prophets wrote down Yahweh's message. # against them "against the people of Israel" - diff --git a/ezk/38/18.md b/ezk/38/18.md index bd3ddeedc8..7161a19f61 100644 --- a/ezk/38/18.md +++ b/ezk/38/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # my wrath will mount up in my anger Here "mount up" means "rise up" and expresses that his wrath will increase. The words "wrath" and "anger" mean the same thing and emphasize how intense his anger will be. Alternate translation: "my anger will greatly increase" or "I will be very angry with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/19.md b/ezk/38/19.md index b0340dc282..9b0cae6bbc 100644 --- a/ezk/38/19.md +++ b/ezk/38/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "zeal" refers to Yahweh's desire to defend his honor against Gog's attacks. # in the fire of my anger The intensity of Yahweh's anger is spoken of as if it were as hot as fire. Alternate translation: "because my anger was intense" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/20.md b/ezk/38/20.md index 47fc94028f..76cdcd8675 100644 --- a/ezk/38/20.md +++ b/ezk/38/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The mountains will be thrown down This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will make mountains fall down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/21.md b/ezk/38/21.md index 83133abb08..c4ccb4bbb4 100644 --- a/ezk/38/21.md +++ b/ezk/38/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "sword" is a metonym for the person who uses the sword to fight. Alternate # his brother "his fellow soldier" - diff --git a/ezk/38/22.md b/ezk/38/22.md index a017234918..79694195bc 100644 --- a/ezk/38/22.md +++ b/ezk/38/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be helpful to change the order of this sentence. Alternate translation: " # hailstones ice that falls out of the sky - diff --git a/ezk/38/23.md b/ezk/38/23.md index 962b7bbadf..5f82f4b4cb 100644 --- a/ezk/38/23.md +++ b/ezk/38/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "eyes" refers to sight, which is a metonym for understanding. Alternate tra # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/38/intro.md b/ezk/38/intro.md index dba9440e44..6d4d1cc9cb 100644 --- a/ezk/38/intro.md +++ b/ezk/38/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 38 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins a section prophesying against Gog. Later Gog will try to conquer Israel. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter begins a section prophesying against Gog. Later Gog will try to con * __[Ezekiel 38:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../37/intro.md) | [>>](../39/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/39/01.md b/ezk/39/01.md index 9b5563c1ac..4682fae54f 100644 --- a/ezk/39/01.md +++ b/ezk/39/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This tells the reader to pay special attention to what follows. Alternate transl # chief of Meshech and Tubal Some modern versions interpret the Hebrew expression as "prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal." This is another title for Gog. See how you translated these names in [Ezekiel 38:2](../38/02.md). Alternate translation: "who is the prince of Meshech and Tubal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/02.md b/ezk/39/02.md index f2c9335b41..42d40df23b 100644 --- a/ezk/39/02.md +++ b/ezk/39/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks of leading Gog as if Gog was an animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # bring you up God speaks of bringing Gog "up" to Israel because it was located in the mountains. - diff --git a/ezk/39/03.md b/ezk/39/03.md index cadf85a125..248d764c87 100644 --- a/ezk/39/03.md +++ b/ezk/39/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will knock your bow out of your left hand and make the arrows fall from your right hand. Knocking Gog's bow and arrows out of his hands is spoken of as if God is destroying Gog's military power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/04.md b/ezk/39/04.md index 93bf45df0c..29a4d59bfc 100644 --- a/ezk/39/04.md +++ b/ezk/39/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These refer to the same people. It can be stated as a single phrase. Alternate t # I will give you to the birds of prey and the wild beasts of the fields for food The scavengers eating the corpses is spoken of as if Yahweh was giving food to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/05.md b/ezk/39/05.md index 98d6da6d45..fca12557c3 100644 --- a/ezk/39/05.md +++ b/ezk/39/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/06.md b/ezk/39/06.md index 290df15bf6..eb727a1ec3 100644 --- a/ezk/39/06.md +++ b/ezk/39/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of an ancient nation that probably lived in the land that is no # know that I am Yahweh When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: "understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God" or "realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/07.md b/ezk/39/07.md index d213ac9c06..e7cf77b24b 100644 --- a/ezk/39/07.md +++ b/ezk/39/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Gog. # I will make my holy name known in the midst of my people Israel Here the metonym "my holy name" refers to Yahweh's character. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will make my people, Israel, know that I am holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/08.md b/ezk/39/08.md index f4384cae7e..81021f6064 100644 --- a/ezk/39/08.md +++ b/ezk/39/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This tells the reader to pay special attention to what follows. Alternate transl # is coming ... will take place These two phrases have similar meaning and emphasize the fact that this will really happen. Alternate translation: "is surely going to happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/09.md b/ezk/39/09.md index 4a83e4092d..ec4e361a84 100644 --- a/ezk/39/09.md +++ b/ezk/39/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This list includes all the typical weapons of war of that day. It may represent # clubs wooden sticks used as a weapon - diff --git a/ezk/39/10.md b/ezk/39/10.md index 054cc6f8a7..80817058ca 100644 --- a/ezk/39/10.md +++ b/ezk/39/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "to take" and "to plunder" mean the same thing. Gog intended to take Israel # will plunder ... wanted to plunder Translate "plunder" as in [Ezekiel 23:46](../23/46.md). - diff --git a/ezk/39/11.md b/ezk/39/11.md index c8dcbc8dc1..66522c55e4 100644 --- a/ezk/39/11.md +++ b/ezk/39/11.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "The grave will block" or 2) "The dead army will block. # Valley of Hamon Gog "Valley of the Great Army of Gog" - diff --git a/ezk/39/12.md b/ezk/39/12.md index 5c497e3ff6..916b77b635 100644 --- a/ezk/39/12.md +++ b/ezk/39/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In Jewish law, a dead body defiled anything it touched and made it "unclean." Bu # bury them "bury the soldiers of Gog's army" - diff --git a/ezk/39/13.md b/ezk/39/13.md index 98d6da6d45..fca12557c3 100644 --- a/ezk/39/13.md +++ b/ezk/39/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/14.md b/ezk/39/14.md index f2a12669ff..551605a1d2 100644 --- a/ezk/39/14.md +++ b/ezk/39/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ In Jewish law, a dead body defiled anything it touched and made it "unclean." Bu # seventh month This "seventh" is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/15.md b/ezk/39/15.md index 46544b84b8..8ccb83acfd 100644 --- a/ezk/39/15.md +++ b/ezk/39/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bones would be all that remained of the corpses after a period of time. # they will put a marker by it, until gravediggers come and bury it There are apparently two groups of men. The first will mark the location of corpses, and the second group will bury them. - diff --git a/ezk/39/16.md b/ezk/39/16.md index 34ffe94ca8..82c462d432 100644 --- a/ezk/39/16.md +++ b/ezk/39/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In Jewish law, a dead body defiled anything it touched and made it "unclean." Bu # Hamonah This name means "Great Army." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/17.md b/ezk/39/17.md index 61ffaad815..dd41cfb498 100644 --- a/ezk/39/17.md +++ b/ezk/39/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh gives Ezekiel a message for the birds and the wild animals about what the # to the sacrifice "to the feast" or "to the slaughter." Yahweh means that he will give the birds and animals a very good meal and not that he is worshiping them. - diff --git a/ezk/39/18.md b/ezk/39/18.md index 49f7938c18..57bac66492 100644 --- a/ezk/39/18.md +++ b/ezk/39/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking with irony. Normally people sacrificed animals to God. Here, # they were all fattened in Bashan That can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they all became fat while grazing in Bashan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/19.md b/ezk/39/19.md index 0709350be7..65d5f146c2 100644 --- a/ezk/39/19.md +++ b/ezk/39/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel a message for the birds and the wild animals ab # to your satisfaction The abstract noun "satisfaction" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "until you are satisfied" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/20.md b/ezk/39/20.md index f7a26c458b..cde7b087d3 100644 --- a/ezk/39/20.md +++ b/ezk/39/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The metonym "chariot" refers to the men in the chariots. Alternate translation: # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/21.md b/ezk/39/21.md index 659dea3b17..ebe3828594 100644 --- a/ezk/39/21.md +++ b/ezk/39/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the metonym "hand" refers to Yahweh's power that he uses to bring punishmen # against them "against Gog and his great army" - diff --git a/ezk/39/22.md b/ezk/39/22.md index 5e61d23d31..9a37c4b725 100644 --- a/ezk/39/22.md +++ b/ezk/39/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/23.md b/ezk/39/23.md index 8f5887c592..91aea5bf3d 100644 --- a/ezk/39/23.md +++ b/ezk/39/23.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the metonym "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "gave their enem # all of them fell by the sword Here falling represents being killed, and the sword represents battle. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). Alternate translation: "their enemies killed them all in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/24.md b/ezk/39/24.md index 86a7d043e1..f38e06793f 100644 --- a/ezk/39/24.md +++ b/ezk/39/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their uncleanness and their sins This speaks of the people's disgusting behavior as if they were physically unclean. Here "uncleanness" means basically the same as "sins." Alternate translation: "their disgusting behavior and their sins" or "their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/25.md b/ezk/39/25.md index 95698c208d..8b31eecb9c 100644 --- a/ezk/39/25.md +++ b/ezk/39/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # act with zeal for my holy name "make sure that they honor me" - diff --git a/ezk/39/26.md b/ezk/39/26.md index c352517796..25df3072b0 100644 --- a/ezk/39/26.md +++ b/ezk/39/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Experts do not agree on the meaning of this phrase. Possible meanings are 1) "th # the treachery "the unfaithfulness" - diff --git a/ezk/39/27.md b/ezk/39/27.md index 8eaab80f8c..4d362606c7 100644 --- a/ezk/39/27.md +++ b/ezk/39/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will show myself to be holy in the sight of many nations Here "sight" is a metonym for understanding. Alternate translation: "many nations will understand that I am holy because of what I did for the house of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/28.md b/ezk/39/28.md index bf043ca435..ed261c08bf 100644 --- a/ezk/39/28.md +++ b/ezk/39/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel a message about what will happen to Israel. # I sent them into captivity ... I will gather them back to their land At the time when Ezekiel wrote, Israel was still in captivity in Babylon. - diff --git a/ezk/39/29.md b/ezk/39/29.md index b4472a6318..2c60c3dbf2 100644 --- a/ezk/39/29.md +++ b/ezk/39/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/39/intro.md b/ezk/39/intro.md index b0a745e51b..3b414258cf 100644 --- a/ezk/39/intro.md +++ b/ezk/39/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ # Ezekiel 39 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter concludes the prophecy against Gog. God will destroy Gog and his army. +This chapter concludes the prophecy against Gog. God will destroy Gog and his army. ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 39:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../38/intro.md) | [>>](../40/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/40/01.md b/ezk/40/01.md index 363a7de215..7bcf2c2e67 100644 --- a/ezk/40/01.md +++ b/ezk/40/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Babylonians c # the hand of Yahweh Here "hand" refers to Yahweh's power to show Ezekiel supernatural visions. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md). - diff --git a/ezk/40/02.md b/ezk/40/02.md index 4d57a305e9..c0c74d8dd7 100644 --- a/ezk/40/02.md +++ b/ezk/40/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He brought me to rest "He put me down" - diff --git a/ezk/40/03.md b/ezk/40/03.md index f513198cb3..83e0668d15 100644 --- a/ezk/40/03.md +++ b/ezk/40/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a type of cloth. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.m # measuring stick This is a tool for measuring shorter distances. - diff --git a/ezk/40/04.md b/ezk/40/04.md index 726ed1d6f5..acb9c0eee0 100644 --- a/ezk/40/04.md +++ b/ezk/40/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means "pay attention to" or "think about." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/40/05.md b/ezk/40/05.md index 4a89795c42..c5837d523d 100644 --- a/ezk/40/05.md +++ b/ezk/40/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Each "long cubit" was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this i # a handbreadth "the width of a hand." This was about 8 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/40/06.md b/ezk/40/06.md index a967d1bc3b..0431955613 100644 --- a/ezk/40/06.md +++ b/ezk/40/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This gate was part of the wall that surrounded the temple area. It was not part # in depth "from the front edge of the threshold to its back edge" - diff --git a/ezk/40/07.md b/ezk/40/07.md index 4bb8ea6299..881d7efa06 100644 --- a/ezk/40/07.md +++ b/ezk/40/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ about 2.7 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # portico This was a covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md). - diff --git a/ezk/40/08.md b/ezk/40/08.md index 7a5f13614e..395e2db4d4 100644 --- a/ezk/40/08.md +++ b/ezk/40/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a covering in front of a doorway or gateway with columns or posts for s # one stick See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). - diff --git a/ezk/40/09.md b/ezk/40/09.md index 3d37188c23..218ce751ce 100644 --- a/ezk/40/09.md +++ b/ezk/40/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ about one meter (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # cubits See how you translated these "long" cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). - diff --git a/ezk/40/10.md b/ezk/40/10.md index fe43c55a37..7f1bafe780 100644 --- a/ezk/40/10.md +++ b/ezk/40/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had the same measurement "were the same size" - diff --git a/ezk/40/11.md b/ezk/40/11.md index 17f3a2ec73..7a683a0420 100644 --- a/ezk/40/11.md +++ b/ezk/40/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated these "long" cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). # thirteen cubits about 7 meters - diff --git a/ezk/40/12.md b/ezk/40/12.md index 02a3179ddd..eb51aeceb9 100644 --- a/ezk/40/12.md +++ b/ezk/40/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ about 3.2 meters # one cubit "54 centimeters" or "about one-half meter" - diff --git a/ezk/40/13.md b/ezk/40/13.md index a3e0a8e606..2f1844510c 100644 --- a/ezk/40/13.md +++ b/ezk/40/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ about 13.5 meters # that of the second "the entrance of the second chamber" - diff --git a/ezk/40/14.md b/ezk/40/14.md index 0a0739d875..fbcc190577 100644 --- a/ezk/40/14.md +++ b/ezk/40/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated these "long" cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). # portico This was a covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md). - diff --git a/ezk/40/15.md b/ezk/40/15.md index db9d962984..90702ebbfa 100644 --- a/ezk/40/15.md +++ b/ezk/40/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fifty cubits about 27 meters - diff --git a/ezk/40/16.md b/ezk/40/16.md index 55d1411888..f422de5479 100644 --- a/ezk/40/16.md +++ b/ezk/40/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "closed windows" or 2) "windows with shutters" or 3) "n # each jamb jambs are the sides of a wooden frame of a door - diff --git a/ezk/40/17.md b/ezk/40/17.md index 51db07a7df..165b9f3dd0 100644 --- a/ezk/40/17.md +++ b/ezk/40/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ a flat floor that is made out of rocks # with thirty rooms next to the pavement "and there were 30 rooms all around the pavement" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezk/40/18.md b/ezk/40/18.md index 57a92d52dc..652753c073 100644 --- a/ezk/40/18.md +++ b/ezk/40/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went up to "went all the way to" - diff --git a/ezk/40/19.md b/ezk/40/19.md index 5bc9dcdd50..2b8c0ecf6b 100644 --- a/ezk/40/19.md +++ b/ezk/40/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated these "long" cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). # the same on the north side "it was the same on the north side" or "on the north side, the distance from the outer gate to the inner gate was also one hundred cubits" - diff --git a/ezk/40/20.md b/ezk/40/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/40/20.md +++ b/ezk/40/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/40/21.md b/ezk/40/21.md index 57b4af68ef..cc47363dbd 100644 --- a/ezk/40/21.md +++ b/ezk/40/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated these "long" cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). # twenty-five cubits about 13.5 meters - diff --git a/ezk/40/22.md b/ezk/40/22.md index 936400dd1f..d24cfbdb25 100644 --- a/ezk/40/22.md +++ b/ezk/40/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:7](../40/07.md). # corresponded to the gate that faced east "were like those of the eastern gate" or "were like those of the eastern gate of the outer courtyard" - diff --git a/ezk/40/23.md b/ezk/40/23.md index 72a18baf93..8af74c2cbf 100644 --- a/ezk/40/23.md +++ b/ezk/40/23.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated these "long" cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). # one hundred cubits about 54 meters - diff --git a/ezk/40/24.md b/ezk/40/24.md index 6a66426083..c4e45b448d 100644 --- a/ezk/40/24.md +++ b/ezk/40/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # measured the same as the other outer gates "had the same measurements as the northern and eastern gates" - diff --git a/ezk/40/25.md b/ezk/40/25.md index 1a850f904f..e6238fe08c 100644 --- a/ezk/40/25.md +++ b/ezk/40/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ about 27 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # twenty-five cubits about 13.5 meters - diff --git a/ezk/40/26.md b/ezk/40/26.md index 4fe20b23eb..70f14e1c11 100644 --- a/ezk/40/26.md +++ b/ezk/40/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md) # on either side "on both sides" - diff --git a/ezk/40/27.md b/ezk/40/27.md index 9e71874eb0..2103618b77 100644 --- a/ezk/40/27.md +++ b/ezk/40/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these "long" cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). # one hundred cubits about 54 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/40/28.md b/ezk/40/28.md index e2b918419c..e3696c63ed 100644 --- a/ezk/40/28.md +++ b/ezk/40/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md). # by way of its southern gate "through its southern gate" - diff --git a/ezk/40/29.md b/ezk/40/29.md index 35503e8a46..f838a101da 100644 --- a/ezk/40/29.md +++ b/ezk/40/29.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ about 13.5 meters # five cubits about 2.7 meters - diff --git a/ezk/40/30.md b/ezk/40/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/40/30.md +++ b/ezk/40/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/40/31.md b/ezk/40/31.md index 99f22d9b06..303830fac5 100644 --- a/ezk/40/31.md +++ b/ezk/40/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with carved palm trees "and it had carvings of palm trees" - diff --git a/ezk/40/32.md b/ezk/40/32.md index 8426928965..e804dbc269 100644 --- a/ezk/40/32.md +++ b/ezk/40/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the inner courtyard by the eastern way "to the east side of the inner courtyard" - diff --git a/ezk/40/33.md b/ezk/40/33.md index 1a850f904f..e6238fe08c 100644 --- a/ezk/40/33.md +++ b/ezk/40/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ about 27 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # twenty-five cubits about 13.5 meters - diff --git a/ezk/40/34.md b/ezk/40/34.md index cb2a741a1d..61cfa46641 100644 --- a/ezk/40/34.md +++ b/ezk/40/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Its portico faced the outer courtyard The entrance of its portico was towards the outer courtyard - diff --git a/ezk/40/35.md b/ezk/40/35.md index cf4e9d1e05..4f7268d3af 100644 --- a/ezk/40/35.md +++ b/ezk/40/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # measured the same "had the same measurements" - diff --git a/ezk/40/36.md b/ezk/40/36.md index 1a850f904f..e6238fe08c 100644 --- a/ezk/40/36.md +++ b/ezk/40/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ about 27 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # twenty-five cubits about 13.5 meters - diff --git a/ezk/40/37.md b/ezk/40/37.md index 1d9547c638..ea9a20ad57 100644 --- a/ezk/40/37.md +++ b/ezk/40/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # on either side of it "on both sides of it" - diff --git a/ezk/40/38.md b/ezk/40/38.md index d086e4b6ed..7dc2bedd0f 100644 --- a/ezk/40/38.md +++ b/ezk/40/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings for "they" are 1) the people who were bringing offerings or 2) # the burnt offerings the animals that would be killed and burned as offerings - diff --git a/ezk/40/39.md b/ezk/40/39.md index f2668bea7d..76f9f25932 100644 --- a/ezk/40/39.md +++ b/ezk/40/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ there were four tables—two on each side of each portico # the burnt offering was slaughtered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they killed the burnt offering" or "they killed the animals that they would burn as an offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/40/40.md b/ezk/40/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/40/40.md +++ b/ezk/40/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/40/41.md b/ezk/40/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/40/41.md +++ b/ezk/40/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/40/42.md b/ezk/40/42.md index b7bfb7fda3..9a52fc7080 100644 --- a/ezk/40/42.md +++ b/ezk/40/42.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ about 0.8 meter (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # one cubit about one-half meter - diff --git a/ezk/40/43.md b/ezk/40/43.md index d5483188e6..489e961c02 100644 --- a/ezk/40/43.md +++ b/ezk/40/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ about 8 centimeters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # the flesh of the offerings would be put on the tables This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they would put the flesh of the offerings on the tables" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/40/44.md b/ezk/40/44.md index d2b0d5deba..1934b01810 100644 --- a/ezk/40/44.md +++ b/ezk/40/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the inner gate on the north. # one on the north side facing south, and the other on the south side facing north The word "chamber" or "room" is understood from the previous phrase. The phrase "facing south" means that its door is on its south side, and "facing north" means that its door is on its north side. Alternate translation: "one room on the north side facing south, and the other room on the south side facing north" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/ezk/40/45.md b/ezk/40/45.md index 287f1baf81..10dd514e4a 100644 --- a/ezk/40/45.md +++ b/ezk/40/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the chamber on the north side of the inner courtyard. Alternate t # who are on duty in the temple "who are working in the temple" or "who are responsible for guarding the temple" - diff --git a/ezk/40/46.md b/ezk/40/46.md index dac5100e62..c50625dbc4 100644 --- a/ezk/40/46.md +++ b/ezk/40/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the room on the south side of the inner courtyard. The door of th # come near to Yahweh to serve him "approach Yahweh in his temple in order to serve him" - diff --git a/ezk/40/47.md b/ezk/40/47.md index 12cd17c183..76bb8beb11 100644 --- a/ezk/40/47.md +++ b/ezk/40/47.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ about 54 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # the house This refers to the temple. - diff --git a/ezk/40/48.md b/ezk/40/48.md index 4fc133c421..182d64ca9d 100644 --- a/ezk/40/48.md +++ b/ezk/40/48.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ about 7.5 meters # three cubits about 1.6 meters - diff --git a/ezk/40/49.md b/ezk/40/49.md index b4d5fcfb3b..2e5a0ff1e8 100644 --- a/ezk/40/49.md +++ b/ezk/40/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ about 6 meters # columns pieces of stone that were tall and narrow and supported the roof of the building - diff --git a/ezk/40/intro.md b/ezk/40/intro.md index 9a5f6aae8e..0398bdedb2 100644 --- a/ezk/40/intro.md +++ b/ezk/40/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Ezekiel 40 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### The new temple and city +### The new temple and city In a vision, Ezekiel saw a man measuring the wall of a new temple. The next chapters will give precise measurements for the construction of a temple to be built. This was not the temple of Ezra's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ In a vision, Ezekiel saw a man measuring the wall of a new temple. The next chap * __[Ezekiel 40:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../39/intro.md) | [>>](../41/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/41/01.md b/ezk/41/01.md index 0fcf7e0b5b..92d96bfc90 100644 --- a/ezk/41/01.md +++ b/ezk/41/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ about 3.2 meters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/02.md b/ezk/41/02.md index d5d85e2a8d..442fc0ae17 100644 --- a/ezk/41/02.md +++ b/ezk/41/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ about 22 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # twenty cubits about 11 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/03.md b/ezk/41/03.md index bb4d4d1203..531196bd58 100644 --- a/ezk/41/03.md +++ b/ezk/41/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ about 3.2 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # seven cubits about 3.8 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/04.md b/ezk/41/04.md index 948f57e1ed..b5204c80b0 100644 --- a/ezk/41/04.md +++ b/ezk/41/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty cubits about 11 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/05.md b/ezk/41/05.md index cfa3b4fe0c..f9e8f4c981 100644 --- a/ezk/41/05.md +++ b/ezk/41/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekie # four cubits about 2 meters - diff --git a/ezk/41/06.md b/ezk/41/06.md index 289a934f06..5a4067b06d 100644 --- a/ezk/41/06.md +++ b/ezk/41/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # for there was no support put in the wall of the house "for there were no supports in the wall of the house." The people who built the temple did not want stones or wood that would support the side rooms to be sticking out from the wall of the sanctuary. - diff --git a/ezk/41/07.md b/ezk/41/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/41/07.md +++ b/ezk/41/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/41/08.md b/ezk/41/08.md index 841fb6a14b..5911616bd8 100644 --- a/ezk/41/08.md +++ b/ezk/41/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekie # six cubits about 3.2 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/09.md b/ezk/41/09.md index 817711f393..1fbb9bfcb3 100644 --- a/ezk/41/09.md +++ b/ezk/41/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # five cubits about 2.7 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/10.md b/ezk/41/10.md index c16e6c1104..377955740f 100644 --- a/ezk/41/10.md +++ b/ezk/41/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ about 11 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # cubits See how you translated these "long" cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/11.md b/ezk/41/11.md index 4957b9f6ae..670c62994d 100644 --- a/ezk/41/11.md +++ b/ezk/41/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ about 2.7 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) # The width of this open area was five cubits all around "The entire space between the chambers and the temple was five cubits wide, all around the temple" - diff --git a/ezk/41/12.md b/ezk/41/12.md index d57b68d9b4..fd766b3b54 100644 --- a/ezk/41/12.md +++ b/ezk/41/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "There was a b # seventy cubits ... five cubits ... ninety cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). "70 cubits ... 5 cubits ... 90 cubits" or "about 38 meters ... about 2.7 meters ... about 49 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/13.md b/ezk/41/13.md index b50f17930d..19ef4bfc3d 100644 --- a/ezk/41/13.md +++ b/ezk/41/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one hundred cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). "100 cubits" or "about 54 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/14.md b/ezk/41/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/41/14.md +++ b/ezk/41/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/41/15.md b/ezk/41/15.md index 3f60b114b4..44d8d7835f 100644 --- a/ezk/41/15.md +++ b/ezk/41/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekie # the portico See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md). - diff --git a/ezk/41/16.md b/ezk/41/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/41/16.md +++ b/ezk/41/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/41/17.md b/ezk/41/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/41/17.md +++ b/ezk/41/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/41/18.md b/ezk/41/18.md index 0a700c5ca3..31106930af 100644 --- a/ezk/41/18.md +++ b/ezk/41/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:3](../09/03.md). # cherub This is the singular form of "cherubim." See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:9](../10/09.md). - diff --git a/ezk/41/19.md b/ezk/41/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/41/19.md +++ b/ezk/41/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/41/20.md b/ezk/41/20.md index 4718df7c03..73699c1dc4 100644 --- a/ezk/41/20.md +++ b/ezk/41/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house "the temple" - diff --git a/ezk/41/21.md b/ezk/41/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/41/21.md +++ b/ezk/41/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/41/22.md b/ezk/41/22.md index 6b54eb7c19..bd18d1bffc 100644 --- a/ezk/41/22.md +++ b/ezk/41/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words are the end of the sentence that begins with the words "Their appear # three cubits ... two cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "about 1.6 meters ... about 1.1 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/41/23.md b/ezk/41/23.md index bf63c8292b..4ede76c49a 100644 --- a/ezk/41/23.md +++ b/ezk/41/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There were double doors for the holy place and the most holy place "The holy place and the most holy place both had two doors" - diff --git a/ezk/41/24.md b/ezk/41/24.md index 95c0de739c..57286d9375 100644 --- a/ezk/41/24.md +++ b/ezk/41/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # two panels for one door and two panels for the other "both of the doors for both the holy place and the most holy place had two parts" - diff --git a/ezk/41/25.md b/ezk/41/25.md index 435b030ec8..a953b520f7 100644 --- a/ezk/41/25.md +++ b/ezk/41/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # portico covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md). - diff --git a/ezk/41/26.md b/ezk/41/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/41/26.md +++ b/ezk/41/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/41/intro.md b/ezk/41/intro.md index 511394a713..1849af2216 100644 --- a/ezk/41/intro.md +++ b/ezk/41/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 41 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter focuses on the measurements for the construction of the temple to be built. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter * __[Ezekiel 41:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../40/intro.md) | [>>](../42/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/42/01.md b/ezk/42/01.md index 10047d769f..caf3f3f712 100644 --- a/ezk/42/01.md +++ b/ezk/42/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the outer courtyard See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:5](../10/05.md). - diff --git a/ezk/42/02.md b/ezk/42/02.md index 3901bb6909..7d9b6780ec 100644 --- a/ezk/42/02.md +++ b/ezk/42/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one hundred cubits ... fifty cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "100 cubits ... 50 cubits" or "about 54 meters ... about 27 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/42/03.md b/ezk/42/03.md index 852d139ad4..d825b40b8a 100644 --- a/ezk/42/03.md +++ b/ezk/42/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md). # Some of the rooms looked out onto the outer courtyard "Some of the rooms were toward the outer courtyard" or "The entrance of some of the rooms was toward the outer courtyard" - diff --git a/ezk/42/04.md b/ezk/42/04.md index 73c414834c..5da79b0ee9 100644 --- a/ezk/42/04.md +++ b/ezk/42/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ten cubits ... one hundred cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "10 cubits ... 100 cubits" or "about 5.4 meters ... about 54 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/42/05.md b/ezk/42/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/42/05.md +++ b/ezk/42/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/42/06.md b/ezk/42/06.md index 111171b798..6a93a8454e 100644 --- a/ezk/42/06.md +++ b/ezk/42/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # smaller in size compared to the rooms "smaller than the rooms" - diff --git a/ezk/42/07.md b/ezk/42/07.md index e30ffc8722..e2d538c173 100644 --- a/ezk/42/07.md +++ b/ezk/42/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fifty cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "50 cubits" or "about 27 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/42/08.md b/ezk/42/08.md index d3cb0cf503..b0958cd379 100644 --- a/ezk/42/08.md +++ b/ezk/42/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fifty cubits ... one hundred cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "50 cubits ... 100 cubits" or "about 27 meters ... about 54 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/42/09.md b/ezk/42/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/42/09.md +++ b/ezk/42/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/42/10.md b/ezk/42/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/42/10.md +++ b/ezk/42/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/42/11.md b/ezk/42/11.md index e291f45957..25096414f7 100644 --- a/ezk/42/11.md +++ b/ezk/42/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They were as the appearance of the rooms on the northern side The abstract noun "appearance" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "The way the rooms on the northern side appeared was the way these rooms appeared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/42/12.md b/ezk/42/12.md index 320b49120e..b246db4e02 100644 --- a/ezk/42/12.md +++ b/ezk/42/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at its head "at its beginning" - diff --git a/ezk/42/13.md b/ezk/42/13.md index f4fd9596d5..473c356cf5 100644 --- a/ezk/42/13.md +++ b/ezk/42/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the food offering the grain or flour that the people offered to show that they were thankful to God - diff --git a/ezk/42/14.md b/ezk/42/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/42/14.md +++ b/ezk/42/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/42/15.md b/ezk/42/15.md index bbe4cc434f..1a4ca183ec 100644 --- a/ezk/42/15.md +++ b/ezk/42/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the gate that faced the east "out to the east gate" or "out through the east gate" - diff --git a/ezk/42/16.md b/ezk/42/16.md index aea35d825a..2b1b19abaf 100644 --- a/ezk/42/16.md +++ b/ezk/42/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). # five hundred cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "500 cubits" or "about 270 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/42/17.md b/ezk/42/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/42/17.md +++ b/ezk/42/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/42/18.md b/ezk/42/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/42/18.md +++ b/ezk/42/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/42/19.md b/ezk/42/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/42/19.md +++ b/ezk/42/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/42/20.md b/ezk/42/20.md index c5bd6ce653..51c79af27e 100644 --- a/ezk/42/20.md +++ b/ezk/42/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekie # profane not holy - diff --git a/ezk/42/intro.md b/ezk/42/intro.md index 2b687adff6..c01a6f4817 100644 --- a/ezk/42/intro.md +++ b/ezk/42/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 42 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter focused on the storerooms for keeping the holy things of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter * __[Ezekiel 42:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../41/intro.md) | [>>](../43/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/43/01.md b/ezk/43/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/43/01.md +++ b/ezk/43/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/43/02.md b/ezk/43/02.md index f4a36137e6..e6c588d83a 100644 --- a/ezk/43/02.md +++ b/ezk/43/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This simply means "a lot of water." It could refer to a loud river or a large wa # the earth shone with his glory "the earth was full of bright light from his glory" - diff --git a/ezk/43/03.md b/ezk/43/03.md index 32f18b7967..9595e5d674 100644 --- a/ezk/43/03.md +++ b/ezk/43/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "appearance" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translatio # when he had come to destroy the city "when the God of Israel had come to destroy the city." If the earlier Hebrew reading "when I had come to destroy the city" is used, then "destroy the city" is a synecdoche for "prophesy that the city will be destroyed." Alternate translation: "when I had come to prophesy that the city will be destroyed" or "when I had come to prophesy that the God of Israel will destroy the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezk/43/04.md b/ezk/43/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/43/04.md +++ b/ezk/43/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/43/05.md b/ezk/43/05.md index 410e015433..69f55751d0 100644 --- a/ezk/43/05.md +++ b/ezk/43/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Behold Your language may have a different word to show that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw. - diff --git a/ezk/43/06.md b/ezk/43/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/43/06.md +++ b/ezk/43/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/43/07.md b/ezk/43/07.md index d62f137a30..09c149fa89 100644 --- a/ezk/43/07.md +++ b/ezk/43/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the corpses of their kings The idols that the people's kings worshiped are spoken of as if they are corpses because the idols are not alive. Alternate translation: "the lifeless idols that their kings worshiped" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/43/08.md b/ezk/43/08.md index 06219ebc98..6fcc3dec00 100644 --- a/ezk/43/08.md +++ b/ezk/43/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # consumed them with my anger The phrase "consumed" here means "completely destroyed." Alternate translation: "completely destroyed them because I was angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/43/09.md b/ezk/43/09.md index 000cc88a6b..a286e78fb7 100644 --- a/ezk/43/09.md +++ b/ezk/43/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the corpses of their kings The idols that the people's kings worshiped are spoken of as if they are corpses because the idols are not alive. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:7](../43/07.md). Alternate translation: "the lifeless idols that their kings worshiped" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/43/10.md b/ezk/43/10.md index 14495f31d9..cbf23664b1 100644 --- a/ezk/43/10.md +++ b/ezk/43/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this description "this pattern" or "this plan" - diff --git a/ezk/43/11.md b/ezk/43/11.md index fa726efe01..7f1d92aff4 100644 --- a/ezk/43/11.md +++ b/ezk/43/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the Israelites are referred to by their "eyes" to emphasize what they see. # will keep to all its design "will keep its pattern" - diff --git a/ezk/43/12.md b/ezk/43/12.md index d1bf8db097..f6b9ac2ffb 100644 --- a/ezk/43/12.md +++ b/ezk/43/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "border" probably refers to the wall that goes all the way around the t # Behold! "This is important!" Your language may have a way of indicating that the words that follow are important. - diff --git a/ezk/43/13.md b/ezk/43/13.md index 9e1036ec0d..d69bacd93a 100644 --- a/ezk/43/13.md +++ b/ezk/43/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A span was 23 centimeters. You may choose not to include this information if you # the base of the altar "the bottom supporting the altar" or "the foundation of the altar" - diff --git a/ezk/43/14.md b/ezk/43/14.md index 16e6321737..a13b8a1802 100644 --- a/ezk/43/14.md +++ b/ezk/43/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Each "long cubit" was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this i # ledge a narrow and flat surface that sticks out from a wall - diff --git a/ezk/43/15.md b/ezk/43/15.md index db1f9de2ca..5fd400a6a2 100644 --- a/ezk/43/15.md +++ b/ezk/43/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Each "long cubit" was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this i # horns The horns were the parts of the altar at the four corners of the altar that stuck up above the rest of the altar. - diff --git a/ezk/43/16.md b/ezk/43/16.md index 0720484a1b..dd37ff73c7 100644 --- a/ezk/43/16.md +++ b/ezk/43/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twelve cubits Each "long cubit" was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this information if you give modern measurements instead of "cubits" as the UDB does. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "about 2.2 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/43/17.md b/ezk/43/17.md index 953d125a52..dab3b614ce 100644 --- a/ezk/43/17.md +++ b/ezk/43/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Each "long cubit" was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this i # with its steps facing east "with steps on the east side of the altar" or "and the altar's steps are on its east side" - diff --git a/ezk/43/18.md b/ezk/43/18.md index 349ec7ffbf..e0eff88c80 100644 --- a/ezk/43/18.md +++ b/ezk/43/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the regulations "the rules" or "the instructions" - diff --git a/ezk/43/19.md b/ezk/43/19.md index e3e6a5c298..508a2317d3 100644 --- a/ezk/43/19.md +++ b/ezk/43/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/43/20.md b/ezk/43/20.md index 22a8228a5c..38744623bf 100644 --- a/ezk/43/20.md +++ b/ezk/43/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" is singular. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:19](../43 # four horns The horns were the parts of the altar at the four corners of the altar that stuck up above the rest of the altar. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:15](../43/15.md). - diff --git a/ezk/43/21.md b/ezk/43/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/43/21.md +++ b/ezk/43/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/43/22.md b/ezk/43/22.md index 4045504a54..0086467c86 100644 --- a/ezk/43/22.md +++ b/ezk/43/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will offer The word "you" and the command refer to Ezekiel and so are singular. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:19](../43/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/ezk/43/23.md b/ezk/43/23.md index 8b197d8dae..abed39142c 100644 --- a/ezk/43/23.md +++ b/ezk/43/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you finish ... offer All instances of "you" and the commands refer to Ezekiel and so are singular. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:19](../43/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/ezk/43/24.md b/ezk/43/24.md index bd985da4ac..7cdf604bbd 100644 --- a/ezk/43/24.md +++ b/ezk/43/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Offer them before Yahweh The altar on which they will sacrifice the bull and ram is in front of the temple, where the presence of Yahweh dwells. - diff --git a/ezk/43/25.md b/ezk/43/25.md index ed5fe3ee19..e9040eb8f1 100644 --- a/ezk/43/25.md +++ b/ezk/43/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must prepare This is spoken to Ezekiel and so the word "You" is singular. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:19](../43/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/ezk/43/26.md b/ezk/43/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/43/26.md +++ b/ezk/43/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/43/27.md b/ezk/43/27.md index b94b558b3e..6283ab1f46 100644 --- a/ezk/43/27.md +++ b/ezk/43/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "your" and "you" are second person plural and refer to the people of I # will accept you "will gladly receive you" - diff --git a/ezk/43/intro.md b/ezk/43/intro.md index e9496647b4..583a268838 100644 --- a/ezk/43/intro.md +++ b/ezk/43/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 43 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. God entered the temple. He told the people not to defile the temple by being idol worshipers or by having the funerals of their kings in the temple courtyard. He also told them what offerings to make each day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. God entered t * __[Ezekiel 43:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../42/intro.md) | [>>](../44/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/44/01.md b/ezk/44/01.md index 08e188d6d9..52b73cc400 100644 --- a/ezk/44/01.md +++ b/ezk/44/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the outer sanctuary gate that faced east "to the outer sanctuary gate on the east side of the temple" - diff --git a/ezk/44/02.md b/ezk/44/02.md index 1dbb2bfa7c..e7d4948b5b 100644 --- a/ezk/44/02.md +++ b/ezk/44/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will open # the God of Israel See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:4](../08/04.md). - diff --git a/ezk/44/03.md b/ezk/44/03.md index e3d2611d81..f2c4eca19a 100644 --- a/ezk/44/03.md +++ b/ezk/44/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. In this case # before Yahweh "in front of Yahweh" or "in the presence of Yahweh" - diff --git a/ezk/44/04.md b/ezk/44/04.md index bbea528c6d..c12fd3b192 100644 --- a/ezk/44/04.md +++ b/ezk/44/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md). # I fell to my face "I bowed down to the ground" or "I lay on the ground." Ezekiel did not fall by accident. He went down to the ground to show that he respected and feared Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/44/05.md b/ezk/44/05.md index 79c68b7897..bbcf46901c 100644 --- a/ezk/44/05.md +++ b/ezk/44/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all its laws "all the instructions about the house of Yahweh" - diff --git a/ezk/44/06.md b/ezk/44/06.md index 84a3f89323..a996e9570f 100644 --- a/ezk/44/06.md +++ b/ezk/44/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this ca # disgusting practices See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:9](../05/09.md). - diff --git a/ezk/44/07.md b/ezk/44/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/44/07.md +++ b/ezk/44/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/44/08.md b/ezk/44/08.md index da433ba3bc..5e1c8fd875 100644 --- a/ezk/44/08.md +++ b/ezk/44/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/44/09.md b/ezk/44/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/44/09.md +++ b/ezk/44/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/44/10.md b/ezk/44/10.md index 834f473cc2..4af2e6cc39 100644 --- a/ezk/44/10.md +++ b/ezk/44/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel. # went far from me ... wandered away from me, going after their idols The way a person lives is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: "stopped worshiping me ... stopped doing what I wanted them to do. Instead, they worshiped their idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/44/11.md b/ezk/44/11.md index 99e161e63f..c74e0f27a4 100644 --- a/ezk/44/11.md +++ b/ezk/44/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # they will stand before the people and serve them "these Levites will stand before the people, so that they can serve the people" - diff --git a/ezk/44/12.md b/ezk/44/12.md index 138a8dad06..6aa780f00f 100644 --- a/ezk/44/12.md +++ b/ezk/44/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # they will bear their punishment The abstract noun "punishment" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "I will certainly punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezk/44/13.md b/ezk/44/13.md index 083bc48eb6..737db2eab1 100644 --- a/ezk/44/13.md +++ b/ezk/44/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "They" refers to the Levites ([Ezekiel 44:10](../44/10.md)). # disgusting practices "the disgusting things." God was angry because the people were worshiping idols and false gods. See how you translated "disgusting practices" in [Ezekiel 5:9](../05/09.md). - diff --git a/ezk/44/14.md b/ezk/44/14.md index b78b4647df..a2835b3952 100644 --- a/ezk/44/14.md +++ b/ezk/44/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ people who guard or take care of something # that is done in it This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that they need to do in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/44/15.md b/ezk/44/15.md index aea0f836fc..b108847f50 100644 --- a/ezk/44/15.md +++ b/ezk/44/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel. # and the descendants of Zadok who fulfilled "who are descendants of Zadok and who fulfilled" - diff --git a/ezk/44/16.md b/ezk/44/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/44/16.md +++ b/ezk/44/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/44/17.md b/ezk/44/17.md index 822cd61011..2de12f3ea0 100644 --- a/ezk/44/17.md +++ b/ezk/44/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.md). # wool cloth or clothing made of the soft hair of sheep - diff --git a/ezk/44/18.md b/ezk/44/18.md index 68f5673749..dbe8c25dd0 100644 --- a/ezk/44/18.md +++ b/ezk/44/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turbans A turban is a head covering that is that is made of a long cloth wrapped around the head. - diff --git a/ezk/44/19.md b/ezk/44/19.md index 9391393c67..0531a4802e 100644 --- a/ezk/44/19.md +++ b/ezk/44/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about how the # outer courtyard See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:5](../10/05.md). - diff --git a/ezk/44/20.md b/ezk/44/20.md index 5808ea6dcd..50299aa9ce 100644 --- a/ezk/44/20.md +++ b/ezk/44/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the des # must trim the hair of their heads must keep their hair neat - diff --git a/ezk/44/21.md b/ezk/44/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/44/21.md +++ b/ezk/44/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/44/22.md b/ezk/44/22.md index 2615d49b98..1aad4d0919 100644 --- a/ezk/44/22.md +++ b/ezk/44/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a woman whose husband has died # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/44/23.md b/ezk/44/23.md index 079717cef4..a70f2b8381 100644 --- a/ezk/44/23.md +++ b/ezk/44/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the descendants of Zadok who serve as priests. - diff --git a/ezk/44/24.md b/ezk/44/24.md index 3f68eb0a9e..2220889a54 100644 --- a/ezk/44/24.md +++ b/ezk/44/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In a dispute they will stand to judge with my decrees "When people are arguing, they will be the ones who decide who is right by applying my laws" - diff --git a/ezk/44/25.md b/ezk/44/25.md index 079717cef4..a70f2b8381 100644 --- a/ezk/44/25.md +++ b/ezk/44/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the descendants of Zadok who serve as priests. - diff --git a/ezk/44/26.md b/ezk/44/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/44/26.md +++ b/ezk/44/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/44/27.md b/ezk/44/27.md index 98d6da6d45..fca12557c3 100644 --- a/ezk/44/27.md +++ b/ezk/44/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/44/28.md b/ezk/44/28.md index 540fc3347a..f08c16a1e4 100644 --- a/ezk/44/28.md +++ b/ezk/44/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ land that a person owns and uses to provide for the needs of his family # in Israel "in the land of Israel" - diff --git a/ezk/44/29.md b/ezk/44/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/44/29.md +++ b/ezk/44/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/44/30.md b/ezk/44/30.md index 1ac7ba414e..f7111f7b4d 100644 --- a/ezk/44/30.md +++ b/ezk/44/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the des # so that blessing may rest on your house This phrase means "so that I will bless your family and everything that belongs to you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezk/44/31.md b/ezk/44/31.md index 103d8595d4..39d0db620d 100644 --- a/ezk/44/31.md +++ b/ezk/44/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # or animal torn by a wild animal, whether bird or beast This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "or any creature that a bird or a wild animal has torn apart" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/44/intro.md b/ezk/44/intro.md index ccd03a77c9..0e40b72ab4 100644 --- a/ezk/44/intro.md +++ b/ezk/44/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 44 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. Foreigners and the Levites who have worshiped idols are not allowed in the temple. The priests alone will do the temple work. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. Foreigners an * __[Ezekiel 44:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../43/intro.md) | [>>](../45/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/45/01.md b/ezk/45/01.md index 7bd8af6ce0..f1a1c91f49 100644 --- a/ezk/45/01.md +++ b/ezk/45/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Each cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40: # all its area round about "all of the area inside of the borders around it" - diff --git a/ezk/45/02.md b/ezk/45/02.md index ef4840c851..2d054a528d 100644 --- a/ezk/45/02.md +++ b/ezk/45/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # five hundred cubits ... fifty cubits in width Each cubit was about 54 centimeters. Alternate translation: "500 cubits ... 50 cubits wide" or "about 270 meters ... about 27 meters wide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/03.md b/ezk/45/03.md index 73a7007fea..92649b4166 100644 --- a/ezk/45/03.md +++ b/ezk/45/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the temple and the border surrounding it # twenty-five thousand cubits ... ten thousand Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "25,000 cubits ... 10,000 cubits" or "about 13.5 kilometers ... about 5.4 kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/04.md b/ezk/45/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/45/04.md +++ b/ezk/45/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/45/05.md b/ezk/45/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/45/05.md +++ b/ezk/45/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/45/06.md b/ezk/45/06.md index 8395a73ddd..00bfd20d89 100644 --- a/ezk/45/06.md +++ b/ezk/45/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekie # reserved for the holy place This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you gave for the holy place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/07.md b/ezk/45/07.md index 26ab7f1893..1babd13b98 100644 --- a/ezk/45/07.md +++ b/ezk/45/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that Ezekiel is comparing the prince's land with the size of the l # from the west to the east It is implied that these are the western and eastern borders of the land of Israel. "from the western border of Israel at the sea to the eastern border at the Jordan River" - diff --git a/ezk/45/08.md b/ezk/45/08.md index f7788a3811..2df901c11d 100644 --- a/ezk/45/08.md +++ b/ezk/45/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel. # This land will be property for the prince in Israel "This portion of the land will be the property of the prince among the people of Israel" - diff --git a/ezk/45/09.md b/ezk/45/09.md index ee8fe00efd..db57a6cf71 100644 --- a/ezk/45/09.md +++ b/ezk/45/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # It is enough for you "You have done too many bad things" or "You have been acting badly for far too long" - diff --git a/ezk/45/10.md b/ezk/45/10.md index 071c5e69e3..d00cdc5022 100644 --- a/ezk/45/10.md +++ b/ezk/45/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # scales instruments that were used to weigh things that people sold or bought - diff --git a/ezk/45/11.md b/ezk/45/11.md index 29cd0280ab..096aacb989 100644 --- a/ezk/45/11.md +++ b/ezk/45/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # The ephah and the bath + An ephah and a bath are measurments that are equal to about 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) # so that a bath will be a tenth of a homer @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ An ephah and a bath are measurments that are equal to about 22 liters. (See: [[r # homer A homer is equal to about 220 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/12.md b/ezk/45/12.md index b98e47c6e4..2fe50bc73d 100644 --- a/ezk/45/12.md +++ b/ezk/45/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ about 0.55 grams (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) # mina about 660 grams (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/13.md b/ezk/45/13.md index 68766c1446..efaf842065 100644 --- a/ezk/45/13.md +++ b/ezk/45/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel. # for every homer of wheat It is implied that this is the amount of wheat that the people harvest. Alternate translation: "for every homer of wheat from the harvest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/14.md b/ezk/45/14.md index 45cf11bb60..cb202c2176 100644 --- a/ezk/45/14.md +++ b/ezk/45/14.md @@ -3,11 +3,13 @@ "You must offer one tenth of a bath of oil" # bath + This equals about 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) # cor + This equals about 220 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) # homer -This equals about 220 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) +This equals about 220 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) diff --git a/ezk/45/15.md b/ezk/45/15.md index dc12d64c66..90cc1cfcc5 100644 --- a/ezk/45/15.md +++ b/ezk/45/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "These" refers to the items listed in verses 13 through 15. Alternate t # will be used for This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will use for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/16.md b/ezk/45/16.md index 021d79f48f..67e543fee4 100644 --- a/ezk/45/16.md +++ b/ezk/45/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/45/17.md b/ezk/45/17.md index 4ec31e63cd..7b674460c3 100644 --- a/ezk/45/17.md +++ b/ezk/45/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the festivals that happen at the same time every year or month or week # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/18.md b/ezk/45/18.md index e466748674..548786dad7 100644 --- a/ezk/45/18.md +++ b/ezk/45/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the end of # you will take The word "you" is singular and refers to whoever is the prince in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/19.md b/ezk/45/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/45/19.md +++ b/ezk/45/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/45/20.md b/ezk/45/20.md index 331f19d6c1..1f069b2cb8 100644 --- a/ezk/45/20.md +++ b/ezk/45/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for each person's sin by accident or ignorance "for each person who had sinned without meaning to or because he did not know he was sinning" or "for each person who had sinned by accident or because he did not now what was right" - diff --git a/ezk/45/21.md b/ezk/45/21.md index 15da29e3d9..1b88799c34 100644 --- a/ezk/45/21.md +++ b/ezk/45/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourteenth day is near the b # for you The word "you" is plural and refers to the prince and the rest of the people of the house of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/22.md b/ezk/45/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/45/22.md +++ b/ezk/45/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/45/23.md b/ezk/45/23.md index 3a14765f5b..0002e765d0 100644 --- a/ezk/45/23.md +++ b/ezk/45/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel. # Seven bulls and seven unblemished rams "Seven bulls and seven rams that are completely healthy" - diff --git a/ezk/45/24.md b/ezk/45/24.md index a2d74ddf8c..8105fb5438 100644 --- a/ezk/45/24.md +++ b/ezk/45/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "four liters" ( # each ephah You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "each twenty-two liters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/ezk/45/25.md b/ezk/45/25.md index 5824ef0aaf..c929c78289 100644 --- a/ezk/45/25.md +++ b/ezk/45/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the # at the festival This is a different festival from the festival Ezekiel was describing before. - diff --git a/ezk/45/intro.md b/ezk/45/intro.md index 109bf9f349..726ef6bc7b 100644 --- a/ezk/45/intro.md +++ b/ezk/45/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 45 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There should be an area around the temple complex for the homes of the priests and Levites who work at the temple. People should celebrate the festivals. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There should * __[Ezekiel 45:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../44/intro.md) | [>>](../46/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/46/01.md b/ezk/46/01.md index 89e2da3a54..29d54388db 100644 --- a/ezk/46/01.md +++ b/ezk/46/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to remind Ezekiel and the people that what he i # inner courtyard See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md). - diff --git a/ezk/46/02.md b/ezk/46/02.md index 1426840fab..b7b4179f62 100644 --- a/ezk/46/02.md +++ b/ezk/46/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # inner gate See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:19](../40/19.md). - diff --git a/ezk/46/03.md b/ezk/46/03.md index 9150006296..185ce62cf3 100644 --- a/ezk/46/03.md +++ b/ezk/46/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel. # before Yahweh See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:24](../43/24.md). - diff --git a/ezk/46/04.md b/ezk/46/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/46/04.md +++ b/ezk/46/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/46/05.md b/ezk/46/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/46/05.md +++ b/ezk/46/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/46/06.md b/ezk/46/06.md index 4c99e319e3..952632572b 100644 --- a/ezk/46/06.md +++ b/ezk/46/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel. # unblemished perfectly healthy and normal - diff --git a/ezk/46/07.md b/ezk/46/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/46/07.md +++ b/ezk/46/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/46/08.md b/ezk/46/08.md index f12de33d31..5f01b599fa 100644 --- a/ezk/46/08.md +++ b/ezk/46/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # portico covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md). - diff --git a/ezk/46/09.md b/ezk/46/09.md index 8b65af373b..8c43ccd2eb 100644 --- a/ezk/46/09.md +++ b/ezk/46/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # appointed festivals Translate as you translated "appointed feasts" in [Ezekiel 36:37](../36/37.md). - diff --git a/ezk/46/10.md b/ezk/46/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/46/10.md +++ b/ezk/46/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/46/11.md b/ezk/46/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/46/11.md +++ b/ezk/46/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/46/12.md b/ezk/46/12.md index b7935ff951..3087ce3326 100644 --- a/ezk/46/12.md +++ b/ezk/46/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Levites will open # the gate facing east "the eastern gate" or "the gate on the east side of the courtyard" - diff --git a/ezk/46/13.md b/ezk/46/13.md index 021d79f48f..67e543fee4 100644 --- a/ezk/46/13.md +++ b/ezk/46/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/46/14.md b/ezk/46/14.md index 0b55a66cae..42aae2a443 100644 --- a/ezk/46/14.md +++ b/ezk/46/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to moisten "which will soak" - diff --git a/ezk/46/15.md b/ezk/46/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/46/15.md +++ b/ezk/46/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/46/16.md b/ezk/46/16.md index b788592ab4..372667caff 100644 --- a/ezk/46/16.md +++ b/ezk/46/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Lord Yahweh says this Yahweh speaks of himself by name to remind Ezekiel and the people that what he is saying is important. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: "I, the Lord Yahweh, say this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/46/17.md b/ezk/46/17.md index 3ac96778b5..c349f08588 100644 --- a/ezk/46/17.md +++ b/ezk/46/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # year of liberty This is the year that a servant gains freedom. This is also called the "Year of Jubilee." - diff --git a/ezk/46/18.md b/ezk/46/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/46/18.md +++ b/ezk/46/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/46/19.md b/ezk/46/19.md index 2f6b8b26f5..9761632df9 100644 --- a/ezk/46/19.md +++ b/ezk/46/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # behold! Ezekiel saw something interesting. - diff --git a/ezk/46/20.md b/ezk/46/20.md index 754c7a7d09..c65c8113a8 100644 --- a/ezk/46/20.md +++ b/ezk/46/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # outer courtyard See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:5](../10/05.md). - diff --git a/ezk/46/21.md b/ezk/46/21.md index 754c7a7d09..c65c8113a8 100644 --- a/ezk/46/21.md +++ b/ezk/46/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # outer courtyard See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:5](../10/05.md). - diff --git a/ezk/46/22.md b/ezk/46/22.md index 87ff4512f3..e5e6d8b59f 100644 --- a/ezk/46/22.md +++ b/ezk/46/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # forty cubits ... thirty Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "40 cubits ... 30 cubits" or "about 21.6 meters ... about 16.2 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/46/23.md b/ezk/46/23.md index bdcb00f91c..5292c09334 100644 --- a/ezk/46/23.md +++ b/ezk/46/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cooking hearths places where people can build fire and cook food - diff --git a/ezk/46/24.md b/ezk/46/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/46/24.md +++ b/ezk/46/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/46/intro.md b/ezk/46/intro.md index e18056f4c8..ab9b392b9b 100644 --- a/ezk/46/intro.md +++ b/ezk/46/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 46 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter focuses on many of the temple's rules. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter * __[Ezekiel 46:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../45/intro.md) | [>>](../47/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/47/01.md b/ezk/47/01.md index 9c526491b1..3a2a816abe 100644 --- a/ezk/47/01.md +++ b/ezk/47/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the right of the altar This is the right side of the altar when a person looks at it while they are facing east, so it is on the south side of the altar. Alternate translation: "on the south side of the altar" - diff --git a/ezk/47/02.md b/ezk/47/02.md index 00677abeda..82ccbf7dd5 100644 --- a/ezk/47/02.md +++ b/ezk/47/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the gate facing east "the eastern gate" or "the eastern gate of the outer wall" - diff --git a/ezk/47/03.md b/ezk/47/03.md index 37334355ce..ee01eececb 100644 --- a/ezk/47/03.md +++ b/ezk/47/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a string or a rope that people use to measure longer distances # one thousand cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. Alternate translation: "1,000 cubits" or "about 540 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/04.md b/ezk/47/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/47/04.md +++ b/ezk/47/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/47/05.md b/ezk/47/05.md index c6c3b5d674..0cf1fadec7 100644 --- a/ezk/47/05.md +++ b/ezk/47/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a river that could not be crossed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "a river that no one could cross on foot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/06.md b/ezk/47/06.md index 8a07fd0aa0..e79a4029e9 100644 --- a/ezk/47/06.md +++ b/ezk/47/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do you see this? Yahweh is commanding Ezekiel to think about what he has just seen. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:15](../08/15.md). Alternate translation: "think about this." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/07.md b/ezk/47/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/47/07.md +++ b/ezk/47/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/47/08.md b/ezk/47/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/47/08.md +++ b/ezk/47/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/47/09.md b/ezk/47/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/47/09.md +++ b/ezk/47/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/47/10.md b/ezk/47/10.md index 1a87a63848..a7e5f811dd 100644 --- a/ezk/47/10.md +++ b/ezk/47/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a very large spring on the western side of the Salt Sea. (Se # En Eglaim This is the name of a large spring on the eastern side of the Salt Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/11.md b/ezk/47/11.md index c469592931..d764a33433 100644 --- a/ezk/47/11.md +++ b/ezk/47/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ places with shallow water and trees growing in deep mud # marshes places with shallow water and grasses growing in deep mud - diff --git a/ezk/47/12.md b/ezk/47/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/47/12.md +++ b/ezk/47/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/47/13.md b/ezk/47/13.md index a78f77f635..bc2ce54429 100644 --- a/ezk/47/13.md +++ b/ezk/47/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joseph will have two portions The person is a metonym for his descendants. Alternate translation: "the descendants of Joseph will receive two areas of land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/14.md b/ezk/47/14.md index 08cfb7d7c3..d18a1f0eb6 100644 --- a/ezk/47/14.md +++ b/ezk/47/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I lifted up my hand and swore In those days a person would raise his right hand to show that he realized that God would punish him if he did not do what he swore to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/15.md b/ezk/47/15.md index 323af60b80..751a066458 100644 --- a/ezk/47/15.md +++ b/ezk/47/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the end of an area of land # Hethlon ... Zedad These are the names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/16.md b/ezk/47/16.md index f4788523c7..78f57b167d 100644 --- a/ezk/47/16.md +++ b/ezk/47/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Berothah ... Sibraim ... Hazer Hattikon ... Hauran These are the names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/17.md b/ezk/47/17.md index 887492cb7b..519ce62e43 100644 --- a/ezk/47/17.md +++ b/ezk/47/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the name of a town (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # border where two areas of land meet - diff --git a/ezk/47/18.md b/ezk/47/18.md index 908983b04e..1485ffbefa 100644 --- a/ezk/47/18.md +++ b/ezk/47/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hauran This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/19.md b/ezk/47/19.md index 47a4619685..1dbaea5013 100644 --- a/ezk/47/19.md +++ b/ezk/47/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the brook of Egypt a very large ravine in the northeast part of the Sinai - diff --git a/ezk/47/20.md b/ezk/47/20.md index 2a5bb1d9fd..34ba3ca955 100644 --- a/ezk/47/20.md +++ b/ezk/47/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hamath This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/21.md b/ezk/47/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/47/21.md +++ b/ezk/47/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/47/22.md b/ezk/47/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/47/22.md +++ b/ezk/47/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/47/23.md b/ezk/47/23.md index 4178dec9e0..16e7ee8ff2 100644 --- a/ezk/47/23.md +++ b/ezk/47/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 21:7](../21/07.md). # this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/47/intro.md b/ezk/47/intro.md index ab924627a6..a675d74117 100644 --- a/ezk/47/intro.md +++ b/ezk/47/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ezekiel 47 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There was a river flowing from the temple. The land was to be divided among the tribes. The landscape of Jerusalem will have changed in a significant way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There was a r * __[Ezekiel 47:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../46/intro.md) | [>>](../48/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezk/48/01.md b/ezk/48/01.md index 0434024b92..dfee7751f5 100644 --- a/ezk/48/01.md +++ b/ezk/48/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a town. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 47:15](../47 # Hazar Enan This is the name of a town. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 47:17](../47/17.md). - diff --git a/ezk/48/02.md b/ezk/48/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/02.md +++ b/ezk/48/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/03.md b/ezk/48/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/03.md +++ b/ezk/48/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/04.md b/ezk/48/04.md index 4b482e096f..c3f7d729a0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/04.md +++ b/ezk/48/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate as you translated "one portion of land" in [Ezekiel 48:1](../48/01.md) # from the east side to the west See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 48:3](../48/03.md). - diff --git a/ezk/48/05.md b/ezk/48/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/05.md +++ b/ezk/48/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/06.md b/ezk/48/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/06.md +++ b/ezk/48/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/07.md b/ezk/48/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/07.md +++ b/ezk/48/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/08.md b/ezk/48/08.md index 7d733114cf..22cac1a515 100644 --- a/ezk/48/08.md +++ b/ezk/48/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Israel. # twenty-five thousand cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "25,000 cubits" or "13.5 kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/09.md b/ezk/48/09.md index cc49b34716..11ea5a4dff 100644 --- a/ezk/48/09.md +++ b/ezk/48/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-five thousand cubits ... ten thousand cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "25,000 cubits ... 10,000 cubits" or "13.5 kilometers ... 5.4 kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/10.md b/ezk/48/10.md index 35f58e7533..282bb8ef2c 100644 --- a/ezk/48/10.md +++ b/ezk/48/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The leaders of th # twenty-five thousand cubits ... ten thousand cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "25,000 cubits ... 10,000 cubits" or "13.5 kilometers ... 5.4 kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/11.md b/ezk/48/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/11.md +++ b/ezk/48/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/12.md b/ezk/48/12.md index 6099d1952c..e7dfd28730 100644 --- a/ezk/48/12.md +++ b/ezk/48/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The offering for them will be a portion of this most holy land "This smaller portion within the holy portion of the land will belong to these priests, a portion that is more holy than the rest of the holy portion of the land" - diff --git a/ezk/48/13.md b/ezk/48/13.md index cc49b34716..11ea5a4dff 100644 --- a/ezk/48/13.md +++ b/ezk/48/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-five thousand cubits ... ten thousand cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "25,000 cubits ... 10,000 cubits" or "13.5 kilometers ... 5.4 kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/14.md b/ezk/48/14.md index ce14587cf8..077d83ce20 100644 --- a/ezk/48/14.md +++ b/ezk/48/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this firstfruits "this land which is the firstfruits." Here "firstfruits" probably means the best things among all the offerings set aside to give to God. This land is spoken of in that way, as land set aside for Yahweh's use. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/15.md b/ezk/48/15.md index 5a1eeb7d50..8383631d48 100644 --- a/ezk/48/15.md +++ b/ezk/48/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the houses, and the pastureland "as a place for houses and for an open space" - diff --git a/ezk/48/16.md b/ezk/48/16.md index 27be18b5e3..64cdbc3cc7 100644 --- a/ezk/48/16.md +++ b/ezk/48/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 4,500 cubits "four thousand five hundred cubits." Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "about 2.4 kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/17.md b/ezk/48/17.md index a20b7e02c5..71330a0c6f 100644 --- a/ezk/48/17.md +++ b/ezk/48/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 250 cubits "two hundred and fifty cubits." A cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "about 135 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/18.md b/ezk/48/18.md index 2acb8f7e34..d2df5f50e9 100644 --- a/ezk/48/18.md +++ b/ezk/48/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # its produce "the food that grows there" - diff --git a/ezk/48/19.md b/ezk/48/19.md index c3c0df7c18..f7e14fc713 100644 --- a/ezk/48/19.md +++ b/ezk/48/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/48/20.md b/ezk/48/20.md index e77d812816..d02dc8febf 100644 --- a/ezk/48/20.md +++ b/ezk/48/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # the holy offering the land that the people of Israel gave to Yahweh for the Levites, the priests, and the temple - diff --git a/ezk/48/21.md b/ezk/48/21.md index a03e0b39ed..947c9a87ed 100644 --- a/ezk/48/21.md +++ b/ezk/48/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 48:18](../48/18.md). # twenty-five thousand cubits Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "25,000 cubits" or "about 13.5 kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/22.md b/ezk/48/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/22.md +++ b/ezk/48/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/23.md b/ezk/48/23.md index 4a2a0384a7..2b9047b6f9 100644 --- a/ezk/48/23.md +++ b/ezk/48/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one portion Translate as you translated "one portion of land" in [Ezekiel 48:1](../48/01.md). - diff --git a/ezk/48/24.md b/ezk/48/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/24.md +++ b/ezk/48/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/25.md b/ezk/48/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/25.md +++ b/ezk/48/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/26.md b/ezk/48/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/26.md +++ b/ezk/48/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/27.md b/ezk/48/27.md index c3c0df7c18..f7e14fc713 100644 --- a/ezk/48/27.md +++ b/ezk/48/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/ezk/48/28.md b/ezk/48/28.md index 848e93fda7..8b79e23def 100644 --- a/ezk/48/28.md +++ b/ezk/48/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ names of towns. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 47:19](../47/19.md). (Se # the brook of Egypt a very large ravine in the northeast part of the Sinai. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 47:19](../47/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/29.md b/ezk/48/29.md index 43c06a78df..246a267552 100644 --- a/ezk/48/29.md +++ b/ezk/48/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 45:1](../45/01.md). # This is the Lord Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: "This is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "This is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/30.md b/ezk/48/30.md index 27be18b5e3..64cdbc3cc7 100644 --- a/ezk/48/30.md +++ b/ezk/48/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 4,500 cubits "four thousand five hundred cubits." Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: "about 2.4 kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/31.md b/ezk/48/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/31.md +++ b/ezk/48/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/32.md b/ezk/48/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/32.md +++ b/ezk/48/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/33.md b/ezk/48/33.md index 892dff22b5..31dd7d055e 100644 --- a/ezk/48/33.md +++ b/ezk/48/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 4,500 cubits "four thousand five hunded cubits." This is about 2.4 kilometers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezk/48/34.md b/ezk/48/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/34.md +++ b/ezk/48/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/35.md b/ezk/48/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezk/48/35.md +++ b/ezk/48/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezk/48/intro.md b/ezk/48/intro.md index 72c94fe078..852e0ecd13 100644 --- a/ezk/48/intro.md +++ b/ezk/48/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ # Ezekiel 48 General Notes -### Structure and formatting -Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There is more dividing of the land between the tribes in this chapter as well. +## Structure and formatting + +Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There is more dividing of the land between the tribes in this chapter as well. ## Links: * __[Ezekiel 48:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../47/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/ezk/front/intro.md b/ezk/front/intro.md index 654ed13ae2..21461c6e1d 100644 --- a/ezk/front/intro.md +++ b/ezk/front/intro.md @@ -9,24 +9,24 @@ 1. Ezekiel prophesies against nearby nations (25:1–32:32) 1. Yahweh explains the fall of Jerusalem (33:1–33) 1. Ezekiel brings messages of hope (34:1–48:35) - - A new shepherd (34:1–31) - - Edom destroyed (35:1–15) - - Israel restored (36:1–37:28) - - Gog and Magog (38:1–39:29) - - Jerusalem and the temple restored (40:1–48:35) - + + - A new shepherd (34:1–31) + - Edom destroyed (35:1–15) + - Israel restored (36:1–37:28) + - Gog and Magog (38:1–39:29) + - Jerusalem and the temple restored (40:1–48:35) ### What is Ezekiel about? -The Book of Ezekiel contains words that Ezekiel prophesied between 592 B.C. and 573 B.C. The Jewish people were exiled in Babylonia. Ezekiel told them that God had punished them because they sinned against him. However, Ezekiel assured them that God would restore them. God was using Babylon to punish them. But eventually another nation would defeat the Babylonians. Ezekiel also prophesied about how God will restore Jerusalem and the temple so that the people can worship and sacrifice to him again. Ezekiel then described how the land will be divided again among the tribes of Israel. +The Book of Ezekiel contains words that Ezekiel prophesied between 592 B.C. and 573 B.C. The Jewish people were exiled in Babylonia. Ezekiel told them that God had punished them because they sinned against him. However, Ezekiel assured them that God would restore them. God was using Babylon to punish them. But eventually another nation would defeat the Babylonians. Ezekiel also prophesied about how God will restore Jerusalem and the temple so that the people can worship and sacrifice to him again. Ezekiel then described how the land will be divided again among the tribes of Israel. ### How should the title of this book be translated? -"Ezekiel" or "The Book of Ezekiel" is the traditional name for this book. Translators may also call it "The Messages from God Brought by Ezekiel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +"Ezekiel" or "The Book of Ezekiel" is the traditional name for this book. Translators may also call it "The Messages from God Brought by Ezekiel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ### Who wrote the Book of Ezekiel? -Ezekiel wrote the prophecies in the Book of Ezekiel. He was a prophet and priest who lived near Babylon in the time of the exile. +Ezekiel wrote the prophecies in the Book of Ezekiel. He was a prophet and priest who lived near Babylon in the time of the exile. ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts @@ -44,11 +44,10 @@ The sacrifices in Ezekiel 46 are somewhat different than the required sacrifices The Book of Ezekiel has many complicated visions. Some are similar to passages in other Scripture books that describe future events. Some of these visions are about God rescuing Israel in the distant future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -It is unclear whether Ezekiel actually traveled to the particular places named in the visions, or whether what he described were mental ideas. For this reason, Ezekiel's viewpoint is sometimes difficult to understand, even though the meanings of the visions may be clear. +It is unclear whether Ezekiel actually traveled to the particular places named in the visions, or whether what he described were mental ideas. For this reason, Ezekiel's viewpoint is sometimes difficult to understand, even though the meanings of the visions may be clear. Translators should avoid trying to explain these visions in their translations. Instead, they should present the visions just as they are in the source text. ### What does "and you will know that I am Yahweh" mean? This is a common phrase in the Book of Ezekiel. It is meant to assure the reader that these messages truly came from God, and that he will do what he has promised. The translator may also use the phrase "and you will understand that I am Yahweh and what I say will happen." The UDB translates it as "then you will know that I, Yahweh, have the power to do what I say that I will do." - diff --git a/ezr/01/01.md b/ezr/01/01.md index e003a9b16b..4ec64dd82f 100644 --- a/ezr/01/01.md +++ b/ezr/01/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The voice is a metonym for the message the voice speaks, and the kingdom is a me # what was written and spoken This can be translated in active form. It might be best to translate so the reader understands that other people might have helped Cyrus get the message to the people over whom he ruled. Alternate translation: "what Cyrus wrote and what his messengers read so people could hear them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/01/02.md b/ezr/01/02.md index e4ad0a4755..7f686f7277 100644 --- a/ezr/01/02.md +++ b/ezr/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "all" is an exaggeration, as there were kingdoms over which Cyrus did not r # for him a house in ... Judah You may need to make explicit that the house was for people to worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: "a house in ... Judah where people can worship him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/01/03.md b/ezr/01/03.md index e08aa49547..e797646486 100644 --- a/ezr/01/03.md +++ b/ezr/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his people the people who belong to Yahweh. - diff --git a/ezr/01/04.md b/ezr/01/04.md index 0d3651b654..fc0485038a 100644 --- a/ezr/01/04.md +++ b/ezr/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # survivors of that land ... should provide them Those Israelites who choose to stay where they are should help those who choose to go to Jerusalem physically and financially. - diff --git a/ezr/01/05.md b/ezr/01/05.md index f22d7ec4f4..e7c27e313d 100644 --- a/ezr/01/05.md +++ b/ezr/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everyone whose spirit God stirred to go Stirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. See how you translated these words in [Ezra 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: "everyone whom God had made want to go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezr/01/06.md b/ezr/01/06.md index e543c88921..1ad0c02a94 100644 --- a/ezr/01/06.md +++ b/ezr/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their work This refers to the work of the people roused by God in the previous verse. - diff --git a/ezr/01/07.md b/ezr/01/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/01/07.md +++ b/ezr/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/01/08.md b/ezr/01/08.md index 84ea00ece2..f3da6b4cd5 100644 --- a/ezr/01/08.md +++ b/ezr/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ official in charge of money # prince of Judah There was no king of Judah at this time, so the word "prince" means "leader," not "son of the king." - diff --git a/ezr/01/09.md b/ezr/01/09.md index 8ff0e24222..dc334bd0f0 100644 --- a/ezr/01/09.md +++ b/ezr/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a list of numbered items. # basins objects used to hold water for washing - diff --git a/ezr/01/10.md b/ezr/01/10.md index 19119320c9..77e60f01b7 100644 --- a/ezr/01/10.md +++ b/ezr/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bowls objects used to hold water for washing - diff --git a/ezr/01/11.md b/ezr/01/11.md index fadf6df557..242afcde8d 100644 --- a/ezr/01/11.md +++ b/ezr/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 5,400 ... in all "five thousand four hundred ... in all." This is the total number of items returned to Jerusalem from Babylon, which are listed above individually. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/01/intro.md b/ezr/01/intro.md index d9326e923e..dc6dc61c5e 100644 --- a/ezr/01/intro.md +++ b/ezr/01/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,20 @@ # Ezra 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The chapter records the story of the first Jews as they return from Persia to Judea. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### King Cyrus -#### King Cyrus King Cyrus allowed them to return because he wanted them to rebuild the temple. Those who stayed behind gave gifts to those who left to help them on their journey and resettlement. This practice was common under the reign of Cyrus and was used as a way to maintain peace throughout his kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Jews -Upon return to Judea, the focus of the rest of the Old Testament is on the Jewish people. +## Possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Jews + +Upon return to Judea, the focus of the rest of the Old Testament is on the Jewish people. ## Links: @@ -19,4 +22,3 @@ Upon return to Judea, the focus of the rest of the Old Testament is on the Jewis * __[Ezra intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezr/02/01.md b/ezr/02/01.md index 8ee0a88ad8..93fa26718f 100644 --- a/ezr/02/01.md +++ b/ezr/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins a list of the names of people who returned from the exile. # went up This is an idiom that refers to traveling toward Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "returned" or "came back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/02.md b/ezr/02/02.md index 50110a1510..17f3dde037 100644 --- a/ezr/02/02.md +++ b/ezr/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # This is the record This refers to the list of men in 2:3-35. - diff --git a/ezr/02/03.md b/ezr/02/03.md index 2c3486a292..75fedb97d3 100644 --- a/ezr/02/03.md +++ b/ezr/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the names of people who returned from the exile along # Parosh a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/04.md b/ezr/02/04.md index 8e79221bf9..5775da6248 100644 --- a/ezr/02/04.md +++ b/ezr/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shephatiah a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/05.md b/ezr/02/05.md index 70914c145c..303138ff19 100644 --- a/ezr/02/05.md +++ b/ezr/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Arah a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/06.md b/ezr/02/06.md index e7b126e5cb..eb0df61c28 100644 --- a/ezr/02/06.md +++ b/ezr/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pahath-Moab ... Jeshua a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/07.md b/ezr/02/07.md index 6af320edb1..5749dc45d8 100644 --- a/ezr/02/07.md +++ b/ezr/02/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of the names of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/08.md b/ezr/02/08.md index 0ecda275ec..26db5280da 100644 --- a/ezr/02/08.md +++ b/ezr/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zattu a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/09.md b/ezr/02/09.md index f18ac9834e..05b6aa605f 100644 --- a/ezr/02/09.md +++ b/ezr/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zakkai a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/10.md b/ezr/02/10.md index d4422f75ab..a0b37db810 100644 --- a/ezr/02/10.md +++ b/ezr/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bani a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/11.md b/ezr/02/11.md index 47b01d6ea8..b6435f129b 100644 --- a/ezr/02/11.md +++ b/ezr/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the names of people who returned from the exile along # Bebai a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/12.md b/ezr/02/12.md index a248f485ec..f5ed0738ba 100644 --- a/ezr/02/12.md +++ b/ezr/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Azgad These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/13.md b/ezr/02/13.md index 92c912e650..d24e0578e5 100644 --- a/ezr/02/13.md +++ b/ezr/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Adonikam a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/14.md b/ezr/02/14.md index 4c85f6812f..e7bfda6f35 100644 --- a/ezr/02/14.md +++ b/ezr/02/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bigvai This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/ezr/02/15.md b/ezr/02/15.md index b0912c3e2b..1b524595d0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/15.md +++ b/ezr/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of the names of people who returned from the exile along # Adin a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/16.md b/ezr/02/16.md index 6fd22c665a..fe73521365 100644 --- a/ezr/02/16.md +++ b/ezr/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # ninety-eight "98" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/17.md b/ezr/02/17.md index 8e2d749540..14e06bea97 100644 --- a/ezr/02/17.md +++ b/ezr/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bezai a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/18.md b/ezr/02/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/18.md +++ b/ezr/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/19.md b/ezr/02/19.md index f6a64f07a5..1b893e1a4d 100644 --- a/ezr/02/19.md +++ b/ezr/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list of people who returned from the exile along with the num # Hashum a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/20.md b/ezr/02/20.md index 05345c06dc..c095e75a87 100644 --- a/ezr/02/20.md +++ b/ezr/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # ninety-five "95" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/21.md b/ezr/02/21.md index cf674a8332..ac382e03a9 100644 --- a/ezr/02/21.md +++ b/ezr/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The men of Bethlehem This begins to list the number of people whose ancestors had lived in towns in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/22.md b/ezr/02/22.md index 7a77016ded..d265a306fa 100644 --- a/ezr/02/22.md +++ b/ezr/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Netophah This is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/23.md b/ezr/02/23.md index b332779552..7087f6c58e 100644 --- a/ezr/02/23.md +++ b/ezr/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the list people who returned from the exile along with the number # Anathoth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/24.md b/ezr/02/24.md index 926db4e389..81956cb6ed 100644 --- a/ezr/02/24.md +++ b/ezr/02/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # forty-two "42" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/25.md b/ezr/02/25.md index 31d948af97..61835af0a9 100644 --- a/ezr/02/25.md +++ b/ezr/02/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kiriath Arim ... Kephirah ... Beeroth These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/26.md b/ezr/02/26.md index bf2cf406f0..87c1029ae5 100644 --- a/ezr/02/26.md +++ b/ezr/02/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Geba This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/27.md b/ezr/02/27.md index 3637f06d8c..4953a55d5e 100644 --- a/ezr/02/27.md +++ b/ezr/02/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues with the list of people who returned from the exile along with th # Mikmash This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/28.md b/ezr/02/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/28.md +++ b/ezr/02/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/29.md b/ezr/02/29.md index 8ad611c8b6..0d7c0b353e 100644 --- a/ezr/02/29.md +++ b/ezr/02/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # fifty-two "52" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/30.md b/ezr/02/30.md index fbfe1de67f..4a76d7c205 100644 --- a/ezr/02/30.md +++ b/ezr/02/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Magbish This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/31.md b/ezr/02/31.md index 4d671162b5..1194120c6a 100644 --- a/ezr/02/31.md +++ b/ezr/02/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues with the list of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group whose ancestors came from the places listed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/32.md b/ezr/02/32.md index 12432b07ac..4f7e936fd7 100644 --- a/ezr/02/32.md +++ b/ezr/02/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Harim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/33.md b/ezr/02/33.md index cc35046082..81bc33c952 100644 --- a/ezr/02/33.md +++ b/ezr/02/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lod ... Hadid ... Ono These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/34.md b/ezr/02/34.md index 4d671162b5..1194120c6a 100644 --- a/ezr/02/34.md +++ b/ezr/02/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues with the list of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group whose ancestors came from the places listed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/35.md b/ezr/02/35.md index d0a66c9d77..b596ebf67f 100644 --- a/ezr/02/35.md +++ b/ezr/02/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Senaah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/36.md b/ezr/02/36.md index 3692afe9fc..576c801896 100644 --- a/ezr/02/36.md +++ b/ezr/02/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jeshua This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:6](../02/06.md). - diff --git a/ezr/02/37.md b/ezr/02/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/37.md +++ b/ezr/02/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/38.md b/ezr/02/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/38.md +++ b/ezr/02/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/39.md b/ezr/02/39.md index edcbb0100a..67ae98ec60 100644 --- a/ezr/02/39.md +++ b/ezr/02/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Harim The "Harim" in [Ezra 2:32](../02/32.md) is the name of a place, but here "Harim" is the name of a man. - diff --git a/ezr/02/40.md b/ezr/02/40.md index 42fa0b010f..49eb535e5a 100644 --- a/ezr/02/40.md +++ b/ezr/02/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # seventy-four "74" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/41.md b/ezr/02/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/41.md +++ b/ezr/02/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/42.md b/ezr/02/42.md index 82a4619e06..4d21697616 100644 --- a/ezr/02/42.md +++ b/ezr/02/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ those in charge of who goes through the gates of the temple # Ater This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:16](../02/16.md). - diff --git a/ezr/02/43.md b/ezr/02/43.md index 40aa64e41a..3516c22ed7 100644 --- a/ezr/02/43.md +++ b/ezr/02/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This section continues listing the names of Levites whose descendants returned f # Ziha, Hasupha, Tabbaoth These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/44.md b/ezr/02/44.md index 461bfed615..39654fd1a9 100644 --- a/ezr/02/44.md +++ b/ezr/02/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Keros, Siaha, Padon These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/45.md b/ezr/02/45.md index f9a390a457..602b2e964d 100644 --- a/ezr/02/45.md +++ b/ezr/02/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Akkub See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:42](../02/42.md). - diff --git a/ezr/02/46.md b/ezr/02/46.md index 55ccb775b2..7148142205 100644 --- a/ezr/02/46.md +++ b/ezr/02/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hagab, Shalmai, and Hanan These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/47.md b/ezr/02/47.md index 618046f6fa..1f448e574c 100644 --- a/ezr/02/47.md +++ b/ezr/02/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This section continues listing the names of Levites whose descendants returned from the exile. These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/48.md b/ezr/02/48.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/48.md +++ b/ezr/02/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/49.md b/ezr/02/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/49.md +++ b/ezr/02/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/50.md b/ezr/02/50.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/50.md +++ b/ezr/02/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/51.md b/ezr/02/51.md index 618046f6fa..1f448e574c 100644 --- a/ezr/02/51.md +++ b/ezr/02/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This section continues listing the names of Levites whose descendants returned from the exile. These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/52.md b/ezr/02/52.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/52.md +++ b/ezr/02/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/53.md b/ezr/02/53.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/53.md +++ b/ezr/02/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/54.md b/ezr/02/54.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/54.md +++ b/ezr/02/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/55.md b/ezr/02/55.md index e9ee3416d5..5124fecbdd 100644 --- a/ezr/02/55.md +++ b/ezr/02/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This section continues listing the names of Levites whose descendants returned from the exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/56.md b/ezr/02/56.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/56.md +++ b/ezr/02/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/57.md b/ezr/02/57.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/57.md +++ b/ezr/02/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/58.md b/ezr/02/58.md index 4b512cd3c5..eacc8da909 100644 --- a/ezr/02/58.md +++ b/ezr/02/58.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 392 total descendants "three hundred and ninety-two total descendants." This is the number of all the people in this group who came back from the exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/59.md b/ezr/02/59.md index a5059bee21..6131678602 100644 --- a/ezr/02/59.md +++ b/ezr/02/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is a list of people who had returned to Israel from various Babylonian cities but could not prove their heritage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/60.md b/ezr/02/60.md index dfe3d3fc53..2115a88916 100644 --- a/ezr/02/60.md +++ b/ezr/02/60.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Delaiah, Tobiah, and Nekoda These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/61.md b/ezr/02/61.md index c17260895f..eceb62fea7 100644 --- a/ezr/02/61.md +++ b/ezr/02/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hobaiah ... Hakkoz ... Barzillai These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/62.md b/ezr/02/62.md index e19ef24f75..83d166b21b 100644 --- a/ezr/02/62.md +++ b/ezr/02/62.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. The abstract noun "priesthood" can be tra # unclean not fit to be priests - diff --git a/ezr/02/63.md b/ezr/02/63.md index 9c99e6abf3..bcf29649b3 100644 --- a/ezr/02/63.md +++ b/ezr/02/63.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Urim and Thummim two items like dice that the priests used to decide what God wanted them to do - diff --git a/ezr/02/64.md b/ezr/02/64.md index f4cdc5be37..38a6564595 100644 --- a/ezr/02/64.md +++ b/ezr/02/64.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means the whole group that returned back to the land of Judah from the exil # 42,360 "forty-two thousand three hundred and sixty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/65.md b/ezr/02/65.md index 95df42480a..4b4d03c8b4 100644 --- a/ezr/02/65.md +++ b/ezr/02/65.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # two hundred "200" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/66.md b/ezr/02/66.md index ff41348f55..17a452b5e1 100644 --- a/ezr/02/66.md +++ b/ezr/02/66.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is a list of the animals along with the numbers of each kind that returned with the people from the exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/02/67.md b/ezr/02/67.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/67.md +++ b/ezr/02/67.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/68.md b/ezr/02/68.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/02/68.md +++ b/ezr/02/68.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/02/69.md b/ezr/02/69.md index b6a366e300..c1954e6635 100644 --- a/ezr/02/69.md +++ b/ezr/02/69.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A mina is a unit of weight. One mina equals 550 grams. Minas are normally linked # tunics garments worn next to the skin - diff --git a/ezr/02/70.md b/ezr/02/70.md index fb8e2e6075..8ba1db0050 100644 --- a/ezr/02/70.md +++ b/ezr/02/70.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the people in Israel were in their cities Everyone went back to their home towns in Judea. Not everyone resettled in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/ezr/02/intro.md b/ezr/02/intro.md index 0f99c1a83e..6c1026d6e9 100644 --- a/ezr/02/intro.md +++ b/ezr/02/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Ezra 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Genealogy -#### Genealogy People had to prove they were priests, or that they were Jews, through their genealogies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ People had to prove they were priests, or that they were Jews, through their gen * __[Ezra 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezr/03/01.md b/ezr/03/01.md index afe6dccc97..4243854b9c 100644 --- a/ezr/03/01.md +++ b/ezr/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is at the end of the dry se # as one man One man is in only one place and has only one purpose. Alternate translation: "for one purpose" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/ezr/03/02.md b/ezr/03/02.md index 56e1835339..6a22d01b06 100644 --- a/ezr/03/02.md +++ b/ezr/03/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Standing up is a metaphor for beginning to act. Alternate translation: "began to # as it is written in the law of Moses This can be translated in active form. You may need to make explicit whom and what Yahweh had commanded. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh had commanded them to do in the law of Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/03/03.md b/ezr/03/03.md index 1af38ed986..7d15dea4be 100644 --- a/ezr/03/03.md +++ b/ezr/03/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may need to make explicit what it was about the people of the land that made # They offered burnt offerings to Yahweh at dawn and evening One of the first things the people did was to begin offering sacrifices. This was before the temple was rebuilt. - diff --git a/ezr/03/04.md b/ezr/03/04.md index d9c8772212..67855267f6 100644 --- a/ezr/03/04.md +++ b/ezr/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Festival of Shelters This is a festival that was celebrated for eight days during the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It was associated with the time of the exodus when the Israelites lived in tents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/03/05.md b/ezr/03/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/03/05.md +++ b/ezr/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/03/06.md b/ezr/03/06.md index 887df25dd4..c8acb3b4ef 100644 --- a/ezr/03/06.md +++ b/ezr/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the midd # the temple had not been founded The Jews began the ceremonies of worship even before they started building the temple. Alternate translation: "they had not yet laid the foundation for the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezr/03/07.md b/ezr/03/07.md index 1ab624d3e4..ebf773cc6e 100644 --- a/ezr/03/07.md +++ b/ezr/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as authorized for them by Cyrus, king of Persia The letters sent by Cyrus gave the Jews permission to buy materials and build the temple. - diff --git a/ezr/03/08.md b/ezr/03/08.md index d671a198c9..612e09aef0 100644 --- a/ezr/03/08.md +++ b/ezr/03/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "brothers" is used here because Zerubbabel, Jeshua, and the priests and # twenty years old "20 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/03/09.md b/ezr/03/09.md index ad50ec40b7..47453c0c30 100644 --- a/ezr/03/09.md +++ b/ezr/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kadmiel This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:40](../02/40.md). - diff --git a/ezr/03/10.md b/ezr/03/10.md index 0a878ccc6f..96aebe0081 100644 --- a/ezr/03/10.md +++ b/ezr/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound (See: [[ # the hand of David ... had commanded The hand of a king is a metonym for the power to give commands. Alternate translation: "as David ... had commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezr/03/11.md b/ezr/03/11.md index 0145857320..b986495971 100644 --- a/ezr/03/11.md +++ b/ezr/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A feeling and expression of appreciation and gratitude for the kindness of anoth # His covenant faithfulness to Israel endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithfully" or "faithful." Alternate translation: "He faithfully loves Israel forever" or "He is always faithful to his covenant with Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezr/03/12.md b/ezr/03/12.md index 683a7c3dbf..be974136fc 100644 --- a/ezr/03/12.md +++ b/ezr/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize what they saw. Alternate # wept loudly This refers to emotional expression of sorrow involving tears and vocal sounds. - diff --git a/ezr/03/13.md b/ezr/03/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/03/13.md +++ b/ezr/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/03/intro.md b/ezr/03/intro.md index c7702910cc..0be7bf9cd9 100644 --- a/ezr/03/intro.md +++ b/ezr/03/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Ezra 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of worship in the new temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Rebuilding the temple -They immediately began the temple worship, even though the temple had not yet been built because they feared the people of the surrounding nations. +### Rebuilding the temple + +They immediately began the temple worship, even though the temple had not yet been built because they feared the people of the surrounding nations. ## Links: * __[Ezra 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezr/04/01.md b/ezr/04/01.md index a453b2d165..e54f0f6deb 100644 --- a/ezr/04/01.md +++ b/ezr/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The non-Jewish people offer to help build the temple. # who had been exiled This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the Babylonians had taken into exile" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/02.md b/ezr/04/02.md index 2fcf93717c..05b95a4316 100644 --- a/ezr/04/02.md +++ b/ezr/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md). (S # Esarhaddon, king of Assyria He ruled in Assyria before Cyrus ruled in Persia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/03.md b/ezr/04/03.md index 8f1c0b1499..347254a042 100644 --- a/ezr/04/03.md +++ b/ezr/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:6](../02/06.md). # It is not you, but we who must build Possible meanings are 1) the Jewish leader felt that Cyrus had authorized only them to build the temple or 2) building the temple was the exclusive work of the Jews and no non-Jew would be permitted to contribute to the work. - diff --git a/ezr/04/04.md b/ezr/04/04.md index bc9ad062df..1988bd474d 100644 --- a/ezr/04/04.md +++ b/ezr/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # weakened the hands of the people of Judah This speaks of the people of the land discouraging the Judeans as if they made their hands physically weak. Alternate translation: "discouraged the Judeans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/05.md b/ezr/04/05.md index 16fba378c1..44479efd8a 100644 --- a/ezr/04/05.md +++ b/ezr/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to frustrate their plans "to make it so the Judeans could not build the temple as they had planned" - diff --git a/ezr/04/06.md b/ezr/04/06.md index 60e2f7c126..915f7549dc 100644 --- a/ezr/04/06.md +++ b/ezr/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wrote an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem The abstract nouns "accusation" can be translated as a verb "accuse." You may need to make explicit what the enemies accused the Judeans of doing. Alternate translation: "wrote a letter in which they accused those who lived in Judah and Jerusalem of disobeying the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/07.md b/ezr/04/07.md index a8e98d4504..40bd9bd3e2 100644 --- a/ezr/04/07.md +++ b/ezr/04/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the language used in that area at the time for official business # translated into Persian - diff --git a/ezr/04/08.md b/ezr/04/08.md index e80267e210..ceeda381c9 100644 --- a/ezr/04/08.md +++ b/ezr/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Rehum This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:1](../02/01.md). - diff --git a/ezr/04/09.md b/ezr/04/09.md index 954012d6e6..9a1460d218 100644 --- a/ezr/04/09.md +++ b/ezr/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Uruk ... Susa names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/10.md b/ezr/04/10.md index faaed94d24..611c8e280e 100644 --- a/ezr/04/10.md +++ b/ezr/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/11.md b/ezr/04/11.md index 9f5e013467..6a25511aed 100644 --- a/ezr/04/11.md +++ b/ezr/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ezra includes in his writing the content of the letter sent to King Artaxerxes. # the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/12.md b/ezr/04/12.md index b6cd10e9f8..95824db760 100644 --- a/ezr/04/12.md +++ b/ezr/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The city is a metonym for the people who live in it. Alternate translation: "a c # repaired the foundations "fixed the foundations" or "mended the foundations" - diff --git a/ezr/04/13.md b/ezr/04/13.md index 8da5c30236..2073254d8a 100644 --- a/ezr/04/13.md +++ b/ezr/04/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ taxes that people needed to pay to use roads # and that will harm the treasury of the kings They will "harm the treasury" by not giving money to the kings. Possible meanings are that the writers of the letter use the word "kings" 1) to refer to Artaxerxes and his descendants or 2) to honor Artaxerxes by referring to him in third person plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/14.md b/ezr/04/14.md index 7b180386d4..c6020115de 100644 --- a/ezr/04/14.md +++ b/ezr/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we have eaten the palace salt Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) the writers being loyal to the king or 2) the king giving the writers special honors. Alternate translation: "we are loyal to you" or "you have honored us by making us your officials" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/15.md b/ezr/04/15.md index 3db64d6dc1..d4aae7ed67 100644 --- a/ezr/04/15.md +++ b/ezr/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The city is a metonym for the people who live in it. Alternate translation: "a c # the city was destroyed This can be translated in active form, in which case you will need to make explicit who destroyed the city. The "city" represents the people who live in it. Alternate translation: "the Babylonians destroyed the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/16.md b/ezr/04/16.md index e8216b2605..e369b3f2b7 100644 --- a/ezr/04/16.md +++ b/ezr/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "nothing" is an exaggeration to make the king think that he will be losing # the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/17.md b/ezr/04/17.md index 1031807f79..36fa9f71a0 100644 --- a/ezr/04/17.md +++ b/ezr/04/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:8](../04/08.md). # the River the Euphrates River - diff --git a/ezr/04/18.md b/ezr/04/18.md index 6a7b2c0e62..3519078c90 100644 --- a/ezr/04/18.md +++ b/ezr/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The letter that you sent me has been translated and read This can be translated in active form, in which case you will need to make explicit who translated and read the letter to the king. Alternate translation: "I have had my servants translate and read the letter that you sent to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/19.md b/ezr/04/19.md index 0dd04a731c..aa7e09258f 100644 --- a/ezr/04/19.md +++ b/ezr/04/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "risen up" is a metaphor for "rebelled." The people have been rebelli # rebellion and revolt have been made in it This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people who live there have been rebelling and revolting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/20.md b/ezr/04/20.md index 0cf7cc7406..faa809af16 100644 --- a/ezr/04/20.md +++ b/ezr/04/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This word probably refers specifically to taxes on goods that people bought or c # tolls taxes that people needed to pay to use roads - diff --git a/ezr/04/21.md b/ezr/04/21.md index 442a6adf7f..0374579521 100644 --- a/ezr/04/21.md +++ b/ezr/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # make a decree "make a law" - diff --git a/ezr/04/22.md b/ezr/04/22.md index b6eb40dd5f..72980718a2 100644 --- a/ezr/04/22.md +++ b/ezr/04/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Danger is spoken of as if it were a plant that could increase in size. Alternate # cause more loss for the royal interests The words "the royal interests" are a metonym for the king himself. Alternate translation: "cause more bad things to happen to the kings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezr/04/23.md b/ezr/04/23.md index 81fe3687ca..6bf745c8b8 100644 --- a/ezr/04/23.md +++ b/ezr/04/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:1](../02/01.md). # Shimshai See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:7](../04/07.md). - diff --git a/ezr/04/24.md b/ezr/04/24.md index c365d71c91..cf44da51b4 100644 --- a/ezr/04/24.md +++ b/ezr/04/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the work on the house of God in Jerusalem stopped until the second year of the reign of Darius This delay lasted about 16 years. - diff --git a/ezr/04/intro.md b/ezr/04/intro.md index a0c8998432..b6970393c7 100644 --- a/ezr/04/intro.md +++ b/ezr/04/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ezra 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Helping to build the temple -#### Helping to build the temple The people of the surrounding nations offered to help to build the temple. It is unknown why the Jews refused their help. These other people became their enemies and tried to hinder the work. They even persuaded the king of Persia to stop the Jews from building. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The people of the surrounding nations offered to help to build the temple. It is * __[Ezra 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezr/05/01.md b/ezr/05/01.md index c1ce9c7062..f40cdc205b 100644 --- a/ezr/05/01.md +++ b/ezr/05/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Iddo This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/05/02.md b/ezr/05/02.md index bfb58d2956..6df8b47b7f 100644 --- a/ezr/05/02.md +++ b/ezr/05/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 3:1](../03/01.md). # to build the house of God This was the temple of God. - diff --git a/ezr/05/03.md b/ezr/05/03.md index c43baf908d..332eb4110c 100644 --- a/ezr/05/03.md +++ b/ezr/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated it in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/05/04.md b/ezr/05/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/05/04.md +++ b/ezr/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/05/05.md b/ezr/05/05.md index 7bddee3b1f..8f67e19ef5 100644 --- a/ezr/05/05.md +++ b/ezr/05/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eye represents the person watching over another person. Alternate translatio # for a letter to be sent to Darius and for a decree to be returned to them This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "for an official to send a letter to the king and for the king to send back to them a letter stating a decree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezr/05/06.md b/ezr/05/06.md index dff72beb83..0e33ec610f 100644 --- a/ezr/05/06.md +++ b/ezr/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ezra includes the contents of the letter to King Darius regarding their work on # the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/05/07.md b/ezr/05/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/05/07.md +++ b/ezr/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/05/08.md b/ezr/05/08.md index c1944c53b9..5ff4e8a032 100644 --- a/ezr/05/08.md +++ b/ezr/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) conti # timbers wood for building - diff --git a/ezr/05/09.md b/ezr/05/09.md index 9c78872cca..745b9b3bf0 100644 --- a/ezr/05/09.md +++ b/ezr/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who issued you a decree "Who gave you official permission" - diff --git a/ezr/05/10.md b/ezr/05/10.md index 62a59e7302..098338c672 100644 --- a/ezr/05/10.md +++ b/ezr/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that we could # the names ... head are written down This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "we wrote down the names ... head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezr/05/11.md b/ezr/05/11.md index 0bde959a5c..b0e32ea070 100644 --- a/ezr/05/11.md +++ b/ezr/05/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the great ki # completed it "supplied all the equipment for it" - diff --git a/ezr/05/12.md b/ezr/05/12.md index 7767d25b2e..76fd1cb357 100644 --- a/ezr/05/12.md +++ b/ezr/05/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The hand is a metonym for power or control. Also, "Nebuchadnezzar" represents hi # destroyed this house "tore down this house" - diff --git a/ezr/05/13.md b/ezr/05/13.md index 694e744af1..475d1955a2 100644 --- a/ezr/05/13.md +++ b/ezr/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Cyrus issued a decree to rebuild the house of God Cyrus ordered that the people rebuild God's temple. - diff --git a/ezr/05/14.md b/ezr/05/14.md index 6e96b1484e..c182ef453f 100644 --- a/ezr/05/14.md +++ b/ezr/05/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezra 1:7](../01/07.md). # He restored them King Cyrus returned the temple objects. - diff --git a/ezr/05/15.md b/ezr/05/15.md index 4c158fdbd2..6709ad2b7a 100644 --- a/ezr/05/15.md +++ b/ezr/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let the house of God be rebuilt This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I want the Judeans to rebuild the house of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezr/05/16.md b/ezr/05/16.md index 9ce5dffc22..8a673228b5 100644 --- a/ezr/05/16.md +++ b/ezr/05/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people are now co # constructed built - diff --git a/ezr/05/17.md b/ezr/05/17.md index 0fbc691a2c..6f9a7d009c 100644 --- a/ezr/05/17.md +++ b/ezr/05/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I would like you # if a decree from King Cyrus was issued This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "if King Cyrus issued a decree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezr/05/intro.md b/ezr/05/intro.md index 2e89a80f34..3eaec027be 100644 --- a/ezr/05/intro.md +++ b/ezr/05/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ezra 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Rebuilding the temple -#### Rebuilding the temple The prophets Haggai and Zechariah encouraged the Jews to begin again building the temple. This was very important to life in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The prophets Haggai and Zechariah encouraged the Jews to begin again building th * __[Ezra 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezr/06/01.md b/ezr/06/01.md index 860b73537c..79684c9b21 100644 --- a/ezr/06/01.md +++ b/ezr/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house of archives This is a building where the king's officials kept the important government records. - diff --git a/ezr/06/02.md b/ezr/06/02.md index 23a936c744..2038c4eb50 100644 --- a/ezr/06/02.md +++ b/ezr/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # a scroll was found This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they found a scroll" or "they found a scroll that told about Darius and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/03.md b/ezr/06/03.md index a964f31686..f84a35893d 100644 --- a/ezr/06/03.md +++ b/ezr/06/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let the Jews rebuild # sixty cubits "60 cubits." You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "twenty-seven meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/04.md b/ezr/06/04.md index 4597605563..3d27918e31 100644 --- a/ezr/06/04.md +++ b/ezr/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as a new sentence. Possible meanings are 1) this describes ho # let the cost be paid by the king's house The phrase "the king's house" represents King Cyrus's own wealth in the royal treasury. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will pay for it with money from the royal treasury" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/05.md b/ezr/06/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/06/05.md +++ b/ezr/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/06/06.md b/ezr/06/06.md index 770cfe2e87..5765c4d3e6 100644 --- a/ezr/06/06.md +++ b/ezr/06/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Darius writes directly to these men. Translate their names as in [Ezra 5:3](../0 # the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated it in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/07.md b/ezr/06/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/06/07.md +++ b/ezr/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/06/08.md b/ezr/06/08.md index bea8dcff45..c90ec57434 100644 --- a/ezr/06/08.md +++ b/ezr/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Use funds from the ki # Funds from the king's tribute beyond the River "The king's tribute" refers to taxes that people pay the king. Alternate translation: "Money from the taxes that you collect for the king from the people beyond the river" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/09.md b/ezr/06/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/06/09.md +++ b/ezr/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/06/10.md b/ezr/06/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/06/10.md +++ b/ezr/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/06/11.md b/ezr/06/11.md index 3b4fd679c6..e33732d86a 100644 --- a/ezr/06/11.md +++ b/ezr/06/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a long, sturdy piece of wood, supporting the roof of a house # impaled pierced through - diff --git a/ezr/06/12.md b/ezr/06/12.md index b2857d5569..9a8b51062b 100644 --- a/ezr/06/12.md +++ b/ezr/06/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "decree" can be expressed with the phrase "what I have decreed # I, Darius, hereby issue this decree The phrase "hereby issue" means that Darius, by speaking, is issuing the decree. Your language may have a different way to show that the speaker is claiming to make something happen, not simply explaining what he is doing. - diff --git a/ezr/06/13.md b/ezr/06/13.md index c869812848..369d0bdde1 100644 --- a/ezr/06/13.md +++ b/ezr/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tattenai ... Shethar-Bozenai Translate the names of these men as you did in [Ezra 5:3](../05/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/14.md b/ezr/06/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/06/14.md +++ b/ezr/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/06/15.md b/ezr/06/15.md index d8ac11689a..2a59497c24 100644 --- a/ezr/06/15.md +++ b/ezr/06/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. You may need to make explicit which house # sixth year King Darius had been ruling for five years, so he was now in year number six of his reign. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/16.md b/ezr/06/16.md index a689372972..90442c1444 100644 --- a/ezr/06/16.md +++ b/ezr/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the rest of the captives These people had been captured and taken to Babylon, but they returned to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "the rest of the people who had been taken captive to Babylon and had returned to Jerusalem" or "the rest of the people who had returned from captivity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/17.md b/ezr/06/17.md index 98e6ad04ae..db6656adea 100644 --- a/ezr/06/17.md +++ b/ezr/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one hundred bulls ... four hundred lambs "100 bulls ... 400 lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/18.md b/ezr/06/18.md index 0c12d2affc..374a235844 100644 --- a/ezr/06/18.md +++ b/ezr/06/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "work divisions" can be expressed with a verbal phrase. Altern # work divisions "groups that work together" - diff --git a/ezr/06/19.md b/ezr/06/19.md index 2ef66a1232..934feea371 100644 --- a/ezr/06/19.md +++ b/ezr/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fourteenth day of the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/20.md b/ezr/06/20.md index 254cadb756..f1fb479adb 100644 --- a/ezr/06/20.md +++ b/ezr/06/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # purified themselves "made themselves pure." Being pure represents being acceptable to God. Alternate translation: "made themselves acceptable to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/21.md b/ezr/06/21.md index 1988d75a4d..12a4e92029 100644 --- a/ezr/06/21.md +++ b/ezr/06/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "uncleanness" represents being unacceptable to God. Alternate translation: # sought Yahweh Seeking Yahweh represents choosing to know, worship, and obey him. Alternate translation: "chose to obey Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezr/06/22.md b/ezr/06/22.md index 799ef7fa9f..883dc58539 100644 --- a/ezr/06/22.md +++ b/ezr/06/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Strengthening their hands in the work represents helping them to work. The Assyr # the work of his house This refers to building the temple. - diff --git a/ezr/06/intro.md b/ezr/06/intro.md index f47a8fca74..b9724c49af 100644 --- a/ezr/06/intro.md +++ b/ezr/06/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # Ezra 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The completion of the story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship occurs in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Temple taxes -The king said the Jews were right and ordered money from his taxes to be used to help them with their sacrifices. +### Temple taxes -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Darius -In this chapter, Darius is called the king of Assyria. In reality, besides ruling over the former Assyrian Empire, Darius was also king of Persia. Persia had conquered Babylon, which had previously conquered Assyria. This made the king of Persia, the king of Assyria as well. It was unusual to refer to Darius as the king or ruler of Assyria. Ezra may have referred to him in this way to contrast Darius' actions with those of the former rulers of Assyria, who had treated the Jews very cruelly. It was those earlier Assyrian rulers who had conquered the northern tribes of Israel and deported them to other lands. It was for this reasons that the northern tribes lost their identity and were no longer a distinct people group. +The king said the Jews were right and ordered money from his taxes to be used to help them with their sacrifices. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Darius + +In this chapter, Darius is called the king of Assyria. In reality, besides ruling over the former Assyrian Empire, Darius was also king of Persia. Persia had conquered Babylon, which had previously conquered Assyria. This made the king of Persia, the king of Assyria as well. It was unusual to refer to Darius as the king or ruler of Assyria. Ezra may have referred to him in this way to contrast Darius' actions with those of the former rulers of Assyria, who had treated the Jews very cruelly. It was those earlier Assyrian rulers who had conquered the northern tribes of Israel and deported them to other lands. It was for this reasons that the northern tribes lost their identity and were no longer a distinct people group. ## Links: * __[Ezra 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezr/07/01.md b/ezr/07/01.md index 18663012c5..f847249daf 100644 --- a/ezr/07/01.md +++ b/ezr/07/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md). (See: [[rc:// # Azariah, Hilkiah men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/02.md b/ezr/07/02.md index c51b730f0a..555fe3fd59 100644 --- a/ezr/07/02.md +++ b/ezr/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:42](../02/42.md). (See: [[rc:/ # Zadok, Ahitub men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/03.md b/ezr/07/03.md index 2308c04bec..86853d3a6d 100644 --- a/ezr/07/03.md +++ b/ezr/07/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amariah, Azariah, Meraioth This list is all men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/04.md b/ezr/07/04.md index c56137796f..4ac3c6da63 100644 --- a/ezr/07/04.md +++ b/ezr/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zerahiah, Uzzi, Bukki men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/05.md b/ezr/07/05.md index f56d54ec57..37def44cc3 100644 --- a/ezr/07/05.md +++ b/ezr/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abishua, Phinehas, Eleazar men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/06.md b/ezr/07/06.md index 040ce0a534..44ec0aa20d 100644 --- a/ezr/07/06.md +++ b/ezr/07/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the hand of Yahweh was with him The "hand" of Yahweh represents Yahweh's blessing or help. Alternate translation: "the blessing of Yahweh was with Ezra" or "Yahweh was blessing Ezra" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/07.md b/ezr/07/07.md index adf660b56b..297233d0ba 100644 --- a/ezr/07/07.md +++ b/ezr/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the seventh year of King Artaxerxes This refers to the seventh year of his reign. Alternate translation: "in the seventh year that Artaxerxes was king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/08.md b/ezr/07/08.md index eb1fcfc8af..683b4e33ea 100644 --- a/ezr/07/08.md +++ b/ezr/07/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of Ju # the seventh year of the king The king had ruled for six full years and part of the seventh. - diff --git a/ezr/07/09.md b/ezr/07/09.md index 7cf5e1f329..95939cc068 100644 --- a/ezr/07/09.md +++ b/ezr/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is near the middle of July on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # the good hand of God "Hand" represents the power or control that God uses for good results. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/10.md b/ezr/07/10.md index ee87a0ab64..cc2b145d96 100644 --- a/ezr/07/10.md +++ b/ezr/07/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Establishing his heart represents firmly deciding or committing himself to do so # the law of Yahweh and to carry out and teach its statutes and decrees These were the laws that God passed down to Israel through Moses. - diff --git a/ezr/07/11.md b/ezr/07/11.md index e3aaa2e238..2b4427f12c 100644 --- a/ezr/07/11.md +++ b/ezr/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was the copy of the letter The text following this statement was what King Artaxerxes had written in the letter. - diff --git a/ezr/07/12.md b/ezr/07/12.md index 8bafd4861e..85a5adc91e 100644 --- a/ezr/07/12.md +++ b/ezr/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The King of kings Artaxerxes "The King of kings" was a title, meaning that he was the greatest of kings, the king that other kings obeyed. Alternate translation: "The Great King Artaxerxes" or "Artaxerxes, the greatest king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/13.md b/ezr/07/13.md index cf439de347..07ba4d55e3 100644 --- a/ezr/07/13.md +++ b/ezr/07/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "hereby issue" means that Darius, by speaking, is issuing the decree. # may go with you The word "you" refers to Ezra. - diff --git a/ezr/07/14.md b/ezr/07/14.md index 90215eb3ad..4311ac7bb8 100644 --- a/ezr/07/14.md +++ b/ezr/07/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "I" and the phrase "the king" refer to the same person. The king is rem # to inquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem according to the law of your God What they were to inquire about can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "to investigate the situation in Judah and Jerusalem, in order to learn whether or not they are obeying the law of your God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/15.md b/ezr/07/15.md index 5701184244..ed0e224670 100644 --- a/ezr/07/15.md +++ b/ezr/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Where they were to bring it can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "You a # the silver and gold that the king and his counselors have freely offered "Freely" means that they were not forced to offer the money. They gave it because they wanted to. Alternate translation: "the silver and gold that the king and his counselors have willingly offered" - diff --git a/ezr/07/16.md b/ezr/07/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/07/16.md +++ b/ezr/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/07/17.md b/ezr/07/17.md index ec481589df..cfca5a8fe1 100644 --- a/ezr/07/17.md +++ b/ezr/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the decree that King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra. # So use this money to buy in full ... offerings The phrase "in full" means as many as are necessary to complete the task. They were to use the gold and silver to buy all they needed in order to worship God in the temple. Alternate translation: "Use this money to buy as many of the oxen, rams, lambs, grain and drink offerings as are needed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/18.md b/ezr/07/18.md index e374cc0679..c907e3c3ea 100644 --- a/ezr/07/18.md +++ b/ezr/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you and your brothers The phrase "your brothers" refers to the people who were doing this work with Ezra. Alternate translation: "your co-workers" or "your companions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/19.md b/ezr/07/19.md index edd18d912e..94586a8a43 100644 --- a/ezr/07/19.md +++ b/ezr/07/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "him" refers to God. # for the service of the house of your God The abstract noun "service" can be expressed with the verbs "serve" or "use." Alternate translation: "to use in the house of your God" or "to serve in the house of your God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/20.md b/ezr/07/20.md index 2e77f56fa1..f1f7ace4c2 100644 --- a/ezr/07/20.md +++ b/ezr/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # treasury a secure place where money is stored - diff --git a/ezr/07/21.md b/ezr/07/21.md index 0a5cf130bd..0f69248704 100644 --- a/ezr/07/21.md +++ b/ezr/07/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. "Give Ezra ... in full anything he asks of # should be given in full The phrase "in full" here represents whatever quantity necessary to do the work. Alternate translation: "should be given as much as he needs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/22.md b/ezr/07/22.md index f91517172a..18e52249ce 100644 --- a/ezr/07/22.md +++ b/ezr/07/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "22,000 liters # one hundred baths of oil You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: 2,200 liters of oil" or "two thousand liters of oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/23.md b/ezr/07/23.md index e8beecb103..34fa41c1dc 100644 --- a/ezr/07/23.md +++ b/ezr/07/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God's wrath represents God punishing them. Alternate translation: "For why shoul # the kingdom of the king and his sons The king is emphasizing his own majesty by referring to himself in third person. Alternate translation: "my and my sons' kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/24.md b/ezr/07/24.md index 0dbcfcbf86..a26520fdd0 100644 --- a/ezr/07/24.md +++ b/ezr/07/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the decree that King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra. # musicians people who play musical instruments - diff --git a/ezr/07/25.md b/ezr/07/25.md index bc11a9aaf3..4a222638a1 100644 --- a/ezr/07/25.md +++ b/ezr/07/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of the decree that King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra. # with the wisdom that God has given you, you must appoint judges and magistrates The abstract noun "wisdom" can be expressed with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "God has made you wise, so you must wisely appoint judges and magistrates" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/26.md b/ezr/07/26.md index a3d1f559f1..7bcfdadce3 100644 --- a/ezr/07/26.md +++ b/ezr/07/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whether death or banishment or confiscation of his goods or imprisonment The abstract nouns can be translated with verbs. Alternate translation: "whether by killing them, banishing them, confiscating their goods, or imprisoning them" or "You may kill them, send them away, take the things they own, or put them in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/27.md b/ezr/07/27.md index 55b181a5eb..601cbe2263 100644 --- a/ezr/07/27.md +++ b/ezr/07/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Placing things in the king's heart represents causing him to have certain though # the house of Yahweh This refers to Yahweh's temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/28.md b/ezr/07/28.md index d0e829ca29..4b39c064d8 100644 --- a/ezr/07/28.md +++ b/ezr/07/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being strengthened represents being encouraged. Alternate translation: I am enco # by the hand of Yahweh my God Here Yahweh's hand represents what he did to help Ezra. Alternate translation: "because Yahweh has helped me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/ezr/07/intro.md b/ezr/07/intro.md index dfee19e77e..9ce40dc354 100644 --- a/ezr/07/intro.md +++ b/ezr/07/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Ezra 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Ezra begins his religious reforms. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's Law -#### God's Law The people no longer know the law of Moses. Therefore, the king allows Ezra to return to Judea to teach the people about God's law. Many people go with him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The people no longer know the law of Moses. Therefore, the king allows Ezra to r * __[Ezra 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezr/08/01.md b/ezr/08/01.md index 8a6465ad04..d82f0e3ec4 100644 --- a/ezr/08/01.md +++ b/ezr/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: There is an apparent shift in authorship beginning here. Chapters 1-7 were written as if the author were writing about Ezra. Chapter 8 was written as if the author were Ezra. Verses 2-14 are a list of leaders and their ancestors. All of them are men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/02.md b/ezr/08/02.md index 52cb252b34..b72d13d134 100644 --- a/ezr/08/02.md +++ b/ezr/08/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the third item in the list. It can be written with the verb "were." Alte # Hattush This is a man's name. - diff --git a/ezr/08/03.md b/ezr/08/03.md index b168ae86db..b17f7636f8 100644 --- a/ezr/08/03.md +++ b/ezr/08/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:3](../02/03.md). # 150 males "one hundred and fifty males" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/04.md b/ezr/08/04.md index 987437bc3d..f4e0a2ec30 100644 --- a/ezr/08/04.md +++ b/ezr/08/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 7:4](../07/04.md). # two hundred "200" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/05.md b/ezr/08/05.md index 52e0c383a5..a53b79d751 100644 --- a/ezr/08/05.md +++ b/ezr/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # three hundred "300" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/06.md b/ezr/08/06.md index d492a8ca31..021df1a722 100644 --- a/ezr/08/06.md +++ b/ezr/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:15](../02/15.md). # fifty "50" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/07.md b/ezr/08/07.md index 369846db6f..d2b8050763 100644 --- a/ezr/08/07.md +++ b/ezr/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seventy "70" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/08.md b/ezr/08/08.md index f77624a45b..841c5e5a73 100644 --- a/ezr/08/08.md +++ b/ezr/08/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # eighty "80" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/09.md b/ezr/08/09.md index 26a6b6ad72..c557895757 100644 --- a/ezr/08/09.md +++ b/ezr/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 218 males "two hundred and eighteen males" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/10.md b/ezr/08/10.md index d5f43dfd6c..a7f63dff29 100644 --- a/ezr/08/10.md +++ b/ezr/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 160 males "one hundred and sixty males" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/11.md b/ezr/08/11.md index 50e39d5413..c5c5e7fe77 100644 --- a/ezr/08/11.md +++ b/ezr/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:11](../02/11.md). # twenty-eight "28" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/12.md b/ezr/08/12.md index 87a991d712..cd5b285d91 100644 --- a/ezr/08/12.md +++ b/ezr/08/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the next item in the list. It can be written with the verb "was." Altern # Azgad See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:12](../02/12.md). - diff --git a/ezr/08/13.md b/ezr/08/13.md index 8a6104d53e..f712f54ed4 100644 --- a/ezr/08/13.md +++ b/ezr/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:13](../02/13.md). # sixty "60" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/14.md b/ezr/08/14.md index e926b0894a..44250b51dd 100644 --- a/ezr/08/14.md +++ b/ezr/08/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md). # seventy "70" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/15.md b/ezr/08/15.md index c3c78a5962..c5ee7384ef 100644 --- a/ezr/08/15.md +++ b/ezr/08/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are that the "canal" was 1) a waterway that men built or 2) an # Ahava This is the name of a place (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/16.md b/ezr/08/16.md index a786db0b1a..0a983df441 100644 --- a/ezr/08/16.md +++ b/ezr/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 8:13](../08/13.md). # Elnathan ... Elnathan ... Elnathan There were apparently three men with the same name. - diff --git a/ezr/08/17.md b/ezr/08/17.md index 9b2713d397..18f7f8eb5c 100644 --- a/ezr/08/17.md +++ b/ezr/08/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # I told them what to say to Iddo ... that is, to send to us servants for the house of God The words "that is" introduces what he told them to say. Alternate translation: "I told them to tell Iddo ... to send us servants for the house of God" - diff --git a/ezr/08/18.md b/ezr/08/18.md index 6b0fda328a..2dccc209c7 100644 --- a/ezr/08/18.md +++ b/ezr/08/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Israel" is a man's name. It is the name God gave to Jacob. # eighteen "18" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/19.md b/ezr/08/19.md index 297b113a2f..6cf768fff0 100644 --- a/ezr/08/19.md +++ b/ezr/08/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jeshaiah See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 8:7](../08/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/20.md b/ezr/08/20.md index 9b3507f70e..fe78d900c1 100644 --- a/ezr/08/20.md +++ b/ezr/08/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # officials people with specific authority within a government system - diff --git a/ezr/08/21.md b/ezr/08/21.md index 3b4c775b28..e37d7356e7 100644 --- a/ezr/08/21.md +++ b/ezr/08/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of the canal that flows to the place called Ahava. See how you # to seek a straight path from him for us, our little ones, and all our possessions The word "seek" represents asking God to do something for them. Here a "straight path" represents safety while they travel. Alternate translation: "to ask God to give us, our little ones, and all our possessions safety while we travel" or "to ask God to protect us, our little ones, and all our possessions while we travel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/22.md b/ezr/08/22.md index dcb44e90e9..b3ffcc1f22 100644 --- a/ezr/08/22.md +++ b/ezr/08/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The hand of God being on people is a metonym for God helping people. Seeking God # but his might and wrath are on all who forget him God's might and wrath being on people is a metonym for him punishing people. Forgetting God is a metaphor for refusing to serve him. Alternate translation: "but he punishes all who refuse to serve him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/23.md b/ezr/08/23.md index 4d6521c691..5c3fca7c52 100644 --- a/ezr/08/23.md +++ b/ezr/08/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So we fasted and sought God about this Here seeking God is a metaphor for asking God to do something for them. Alternate translation: "So we fasted and asked God to help us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/24.md b/ezr/08/24.md index 8cacb1b2e8..d1d3d5f695 100644 --- a/ezr/08/24.md +++ b/ezr/08/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sherebiah, Hashabiah See how you translated these men's names in [Ezra 8:19](../08/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/25.md b/ezr/08/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/08/25.md +++ b/ezr/08/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/08/26.md b/ezr/08/26.md index 66e82c9165..b14f3d53a8 100644 --- a/ezr/08/26.md +++ b/ezr/08/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # one hundred talents of gold "100 talents of gold." You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "3,300 kilograms of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/27.md b/ezr/08/27.md index 1177a8876f..108a52c7a4 100644 --- a/ezr/08/27.md +++ b/ezr/08/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bronze vessels Bronze is a mixture of copper and another metal. It is stronger than pure copper. - diff --git a/ezr/08/28.md b/ezr/08/28.md index 3fb53533a0..ff670a8c9a 100644 --- a/ezr/08/28.md +++ b/ezr/08/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then I said to them "Then I said to the twelve priestly officials" - diff --git a/ezr/08/29.md b/ezr/08/29.md index ea97978a5e..290c08edf5 100644 --- a/ezr/08/29.md +++ b/ezr/08/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until you weigh them out before the priestly officials, Levites, and leaders When they arrived in Jerusalem, they would weigh the silver, gold, and bronze to show that they had not taken any of it for themselves. - diff --git a/ezr/08/30.md b/ezr/08/30.md index 9637174a05..7af92ac9dc 100644 --- a/ezr/08/30.md +++ b/ezr/08/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The priests and the Levites According to the law of Moses, the tribe of Levi had the work of caring for the temple, its possessions, and the offerings. - diff --git a/ezr/08/31.md b/ezr/08/31.md index 15ac61e8b5..7cbf86c92f 100644 --- a/ezr/08/31.md +++ b/ezr/08/31.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The hand represents what those people might do. It specifically refers to the en # the ones who wished to ambush us This refers to thieves and robbers who wanted to attack them for their treasures. - diff --git a/ezr/08/32.md b/ezr/08/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/08/32.md +++ b/ezr/08/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/08/33.md b/ezr/08/33.md index d02ef95b54..f66bfa96aa 100644 --- a/ezr/08/33.md +++ b/ezr/08/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jeshua See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:6](../02/06.md). - diff --git a/ezr/08/34.md b/ezr/08/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/08/34.md +++ b/ezr/08/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/08/35.md b/ezr/08/35.md index 575e96d013..01619a42d6 100644 --- a/ezr/08/35.md +++ b/ezr/08/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases refer to the Jewish people who were living as exiles in Babylo # twelve ... ninety-six ... seventy-seven ... twelve "12 ... 96 ... 77 ... 12" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/36.md b/ezr/08/36.md index 7d4f045d3f..fe887aa39c 100644 --- a/ezr/08/36.md +++ b/ezr/08/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These were the Babylonian officials managing the people west of the Euphrates Ri # the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. It included Judea. See how you translated it in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/08/intro.md b/ezr/08/intro.md index 4727956ef7..96069030d6 100644 --- a/ezr/08/intro.md +++ b/ezr/08/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Ezra 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The people's return to Judah -#### The people's return to Judah Many people went back to Judah with Ezra. They trusted God to protect them and the precious items they carried with them, which had been given for the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Many people went back to Judah with Ezra. They trusted God to protect them and t * __[Ezra 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezr/09/01.md b/ezr/09/01.md index 907546d4e4..da34521434 100644 --- a/ezr/09/01.md +++ b/ezr/09/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have not separated themselves have married people from other lands and have adopted their religion - diff --git a/ezr/09/02.md b/ezr/09/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/09/02.md +++ b/ezr/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/09/03.md b/ezr/09/03.md index 15ee9db5d3..7db68750d6 100644 --- a/ezr/09/03.md +++ b/ezr/09/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When Ezra heard that many Israelites had married foreign women and were worshipi # I tore apart my clothing and robe and pulled out hair from my head and beard Ezra was showing everyone how unhappy he was that people were doing things that offended God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/ezr/09/04.md b/ezr/09/04.md index 0af32941c4..c40e6e935c 100644 --- a/ezr/09/04.md +++ b/ezr/09/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # evening offering a sacrifice that the priests would offer around the time the sun was going down - diff --git a/ezr/09/05.md b/ezr/09/05.md index 7d6731fd1f..3e59deb4ff 100644 --- a/ezr/09/05.md +++ b/ezr/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ another way of saying he was "sitting ashamed" ([Ezra 9:4](../09/04.md)). # knelt down and spread my hands "got on my knees and stretched out my arms with my hands open toward the sky" - diff --git a/ezr/09/06.md b/ezr/09/06.md index 6c0d2303c3..5ab52f80e1 100644 --- a/ezr/09/06.md +++ b/ezr/09/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our iniquities increase over our head, and our guilt grows to the heavens These words are two ways of speaking of iniquity and guilt as if they were physical objects that could grow to be larger than people. The abstract nouns "iniquity" and "guilt" can be expressed as a noun and an adjective, respectively. Alternate translation: "we have committed wicked deeds and we are very guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/ezr/09/07.md b/ezr/09/07.md index 5c81cc2a05..3aae098b70 100644 --- a/ezr/09/07.md +++ b/ezr/09/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "were given into # to the sword, to captivity, and to plunder and ashamed faces The sword is a metonym for people killing other people. The abstract nouns "captivity" and "plunder" can be stated as verb phrases. And, "faces" is a synecdoche representing the whole person. Alternate translation: "to our enemies to kill us, to capture us, to steal from us, and to cause us shame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/ezr/09/08.md b/ezr/09/08.md index 834f64ec2f..6cfad606b9 100644 --- a/ezr/09/08.md +++ b/ezr/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God deciding to be merciful is spoken of as if mercy were a person who could mov # an escaped remnant "some survivors who have escaped captivity" - diff --git a/ezr/09/10.md b/ezr/09/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/09/10.md +++ b/ezr/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/09/11.md b/ezr/09/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/09/11.md +++ b/ezr/09/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/09/12.md b/ezr/09/12.md index 5712062feb..4b632029db 100644 --- a/ezr/09/12.md +++ b/ezr/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for all time "until the end of the ages" - diff --git a/ezr/09/13.md b/ezr/09/13.md index 084c36f29d..627847a098 100644 --- a/ezr/09/13.md +++ b/ezr/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # escaped remnant "some survivors who have escaped captivity." See how you translated this phrase in [Ezra 9:8](./08.md). - diff --git a/ezr/09/14.md b/ezr/09/14.md index 07b5245bf0..1e45b20660 100644 --- a/ezr/09/14.md +++ b/ezr/09/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I am afraid that # there will be no remnant, no one to escape The word translated "remnant" here is the usual word for something that remains or is left. The word translated "one to escape" is the same word translated "escaped remnant" in [Ezra 9:8](./08.md) and can be translated "survivors who have escaped captivity." - diff --git a/ezr/09/15.md b/ezr/09/15.md index fa3faff9e1..761b6ce6ce 100644 --- a/ezr/09/15.md +++ b/ezr/09/15.md @@ -14,4 +14,3 @@ # there is no one who can stand before you "you do not think that any person is innocent" - diff --git a/ezr/09/intro.md b/ezr/09/intro.md index cb9bad26f2..75b4f1409f 100644 --- a/ezr/09/intro.md +++ b/ezr/09/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Ezra 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Intermarriage -#### Intermarriage When Ezra found out that many Jews had married Gentile wives, he prayed to God and asked God why he had been so good to them by letting these few people return from captivity even though they sinned by marrying Gentile wives. They did this before and God had punished them for it. God forbid this type of marriage because it caused the people to worship other gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ When Ezra found out that many Jews had married Gentile wives, he prayed to God a * __[Ezra 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/ezr/10/01.md b/ezr/10/01.md index f0e2d455ea..b8212a177a 100644 --- a/ezr/10/01.md +++ b/ezr/10/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ quickly went from standing to lying facedown # before the house of God in front of the temple - diff --git a/ezr/10/02.md b/ezr/10/02.md index db84c65db8..4a25176a39 100644 --- a/ezr/10/02.md +++ b/ezr/10/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:9](../08/09.md). # We have been unfaithful to our God This was made as a public confession, not as a boastful claim. - diff --git a/ezr/10/03.md b/ezr/10/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/10/03.md +++ b/ezr/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/10/04.md b/ezr/10/04.md index 23d29ac35b..020f0aefbe 100644 --- a/ezr/10/04.md +++ b/ezr/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we are with you "we will help you" - diff --git a/ezr/10/05.md b/ezr/10/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/10/05.md +++ b/ezr/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/10/06.md b/ezr/10/06.md index f79295a9ec..3c628dbe0b 100644 --- a/ezr/10/06.md +++ b/ezr/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jehohanan ... Eliashib These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/07.md b/ezr/10/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/10/07.md +++ b/ezr/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/10/08.md b/ezr/10/08.md index 82aecd5986..2759a50764 100644 --- a/ezr/10/08.md +++ b/ezr/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # three days 3 days (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/09.md b/ezr/10/09.md index a879ae1129..403d1a4660 100644 --- a/ezr/10/09.md +++ b/ezr/10/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twentieth day is near the mi # in the square a large open courtyard in front of the temple - diff --git a/ezr/10/10.md b/ezr/10/10.md index 61c255f58c..a6d98fccd6 100644 --- a/ezr/10/10.md +++ b/ezr/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "treason" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: # so as to increase Israel's guilt "and now God considers us guilty of worse sin than before" - diff --git a/ezr/10/11.md b/ezr/10/11.md index c45591c285..222ec17b0a 100644 --- a/ezr/10/11.md +++ b/ezr/10/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Separate from move away from, be different from - diff --git a/ezr/10/12.md b/ezr/10/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/10/12.md +++ b/ezr/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/10/13.md b/ezr/10/13.md index ff0bf14fa4..17558230ce 100644 --- a/ezr/10/13.md +++ b/ezr/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is not only one or two days of work This litotes can be translated in positive form. Alternate translation: "we will need a long time to do all this work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/14.md b/ezr/10/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/10/14.md +++ b/ezr/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/10/15.md b/ezr/10/15.md index 09d508a10f..048016fa9c 100644 --- a/ezr/10/15.md +++ b/ezr/10/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jonathan son of Asahel and Jahzeiah son of Tikvah opposed this Possible meanings are, 1) these men did not want the city officials to investigate the offenses or 2) they did not want anyone to investigate the people's marriages. - diff --git a/ezr/10/16.md b/ezr/10/16.md index 1fcf34f2ca..35e49a4f30 100644 --- a/ezr/10/16.md +++ b/ezr/10/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people investigated who had married non-Jewish wives. # the first day of the tenth month This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of December on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/17.md b/ezr/10/17.md index 76727e9f13..cd7f17afdd 100644 --- a/ezr/10/17.md +++ b/ezr/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # first day of the first month This is near the middle of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/18.md b/ezr/10/18.md index d10a3764cd..63c969722b 100644 --- a/ezr/10/18.md +++ b/ezr/10/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Eliezer ... Jarib See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:16](../08/16.md). - diff --git a/ezr/10/19.md b/ezr/10/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/10/19.md +++ b/ezr/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/10/20.md b/ezr/10/20.md index b61a40ab6c..c904b7ba06 100644 --- a/ezr/10/20.md +++ b/ezr/10/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Zebadiah a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:8](../08/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/21.md b/ezr/10/21.md index 6b0e0935f8..517e274f44 100644 --- a/ezr/10/21.md +++ b/ezr/10/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:18](../10/18.md). # Shemaiah ... Jehiel These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:13](../08/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/22.md b/ezr/10/22.md index df0cec5f80..987046bdc6 100644 --- a/ezr/10/22.md +++ b/ezr/10/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jozabad This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/23.md b/ezr/10/23.md index ddf4303d52..21cceeb29f 100644 --- a/ezr/10/23.md +++ b/ezr/10/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ezra continues to list the men who married non-Jewish women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # Jozabad This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/24.md b/ezr/10/24.md index 008e1238d7..fde615e868 100644 --- a/ezr/10/24.md +++ b/ezr/10/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:6](../10/06.md). ( # Shallum This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:42](../02/42.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/25.md b/ezr/10/25.md index 54157e6907..907530a742 100644 --- a/ezr/10/25.md +++ b/ezr/10/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:3](../02/03.md). (S # Eleazar This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 7:5](../07/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/26.md b/ezr/10/26.md index a926a2bf88..49d0f9c7dc 100644 --- a/ezr/10/26.md +++ b/ezr/10/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc:// # Jehiel See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 8:9](../08/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/27.md b/ezr/10/27.md index c97c5c83aa..287bd71831 100644 --- a/ezr/10/27.md +++ b/ezr/10/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 10:22](../10/22.md). (See: [[rc: # Eliashib See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 10:6](../10/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/28.md b/ezr/10/28.md index 50bcfe7d9e..a10cdb3d0e 100644 --- a/ezr/10/28.md +++ b/ezr/10/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:11](../02/11.md). ( # Jehohanan This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:6](../10/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/29.md b/ezr/10/29.md index 3d5c271462..5e3ccca860 100644 --- a/ezr/10/29.md +++ b/ezr/10/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc:/ # Meshullam See how you translated this man's name in [Ezra 8:16](../08/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/30.md b/ezr/10/30.md index 918758859e..dda4a3e8fb 100644 --- a/ezr/10/30.md +++ b/ezr/10/30.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:26](../10/26.md). # Binnui This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/31.md b/ezr/10/31.md index 5d97f45e27..58baa7431e 100644 --- a/ezr/10/31.md +++ b/ezr/10/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:32](../02/32.md). ( # Eliezer This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:16](../08/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/32.md b/ezr/10/32.md index 9239083035..d701793332 100644 --- a/ezr/10/32.md +++ b/ezr/10/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Malluk This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:29](../10/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/33.md b/ezr/10/33.md index 123ef994c5..0ad180620c 100644 --- a/ezr/10/33.md +++ b/ezr/10/33.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:30](../10/30.md). # Shimei This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:23](../10/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/34.md b/ezr/10/34.md index 6c455dcbdb..ec81244eb4 100644 --- a/ezr/10/34.md +++ b/ezr/10/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bani This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/35.md b/ezr/10/35.md index 0371222546..78a76eaa1e 100644 --- a/ezr/10/35.md +++ b/ezr/10/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Benaiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:23](../10/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/36.md b/ezr/10/36.md index 4fcaa08a87..cad614775a 100644 --- a/ezr/10/36.md +++ b/ezr/10/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). ( # Eliashib This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:6](../10/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/37.md b/ezr/10/37.md index 57a1198f4b..d851e1fa06 100644 --- a/ezr/10/37.md +++ b/ezr/10/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:26](../10/26.md). # Mattenai This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:33](../10/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/38.md b/ezr/10/38.md index b2f7aa5782..36471c6dc1 100644 --- a/ezr/10/38.md +++ b/ezr/10/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). ( # Shimei This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:23](../10/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/39.md b/ezr/10/39.md index 9d27f67607..a98dfae1b8 100644 --- a/ezr/10/39.md +++ b/ezr/10/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Adaiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:26](../10/26.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/40.md b/ezr/10/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/ezr/10/40.md +++ b/ezr/10/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/ezr/10/41.md b/ezr/10/41.md index 952a8f101d..9e9dd8b74d 100644 --- a/ezr/10/41.md +++ b/ezr/10/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:39](../10/39.md). # Shemariah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:32](../10/32.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/42.md b/ezr/10/42.md index c1a2bf5911..3e74cf1aeb 100644 --- a/ezr/10/42.md +++ b/ezr/10/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:42](../02/42.md). ( # Amariah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 7:3](../07/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/43.md b/ezr/10/43.md index 773389c458..b69195c6f0 100644 --- a/ezr/10/43.md +++ b/ezr/10/43.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Benaiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:25](../10/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/ezr/10/44.md b/ezr/10/44.md index e13e031239..138f549498 100644 --- a/ezr/10/44.md +++ b/ezr/10/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All of these all the men in the list beginning in [Ezra 10:20](../10/20.md) - diff --git a/ezr/10/intro.md b/ezr/10/intro.md index 82f4d17b26..4a6c180cf7 100644 --- a/ezr/10/intro.md +++ b/ezr/10/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # Ezra 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Intermarriages -The people agree to divorce their Gentile wives. Many Jews were involved in these mixed marriages. Divorce should not normally have been common for the Jews to engage in, but marriage with non-Jewish women was not allowed. +### Intermarriages + +The people agree to divorce their Gentile wives. Many Jews were involved in these mixed marriages. Divorce should not normally have been common for the Jews to engage in, but marriage with non-Jewish women was not allowed. ## Links: * __[Ezra 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/ezr/front/intro.md b/ezr/front/intro.md index fb2c95bd64..adebddecf7 100644 --- a/ezr/front/intro.md +++ b/ezr/front/intro.md @@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ ### What is the Book of Ezra about? -The Book of Ezra is about how the people of Israel returned from Babylon and tried to worship Yahweh again as the law required. To do this they needed to rebuild their temple so they could sacrifice to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) +The Book of Ezra is about how the people of Israel returned from Babylon and tried to worship Yahweh again as the law required. To do this they needed to rebuild their temple so they could sacrifice to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ### How should the title of this book be translated? -The Book of Ezra is named for the priest Ezra who led the first group of Jews out of exile and back to Judah. Translators can use the traditional title "Ezra." Or they might choose a clearer title, such as "The Book about Ezra." +The Book of Ezra is named for the priest Ezra who led the first group of Jews out of exile and back to Judah. Translators can use the traditional title "Ezra." Or they might choose a clearer title, such as "The Book about Ezra." ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts @@ -36,4 +36,3 @@ The Book of Ezra uses the term "Israel" to refer to the kingdom of Judah. It was ### Are the events in the Book of Ezra told in the order that they actually happened? Some of the events in the Book of Ezra are not told in the order they actually happened. Translators should pay attention to notes that signal when events are probably out of order. - diff --git a/gal/01/01.md b/gal/01/01.md index 3de21e8ef7..4bffce30f2 100644 --- a/gal/01/01.md +++ b/gal/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul, an apostle, writes this letter to the churches in the area of Galatia. Unl # who raised him "who caused him to live again" - diff --git a/gal/01/02.md b/gal/01/02.md index 8942a4deb8..b555604394 100644 --- a/gal/01/02.md +++ b/gal/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brothers Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women, since all believers in Christ are members of one spiritual family, with God as their heavenly Father. Alternate translation: "brothers and sisters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/gal/01/03.md b/gal/01/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/01/03.md +++ b/gal/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/01/04.md b/gal/01/04.md index 8eb80037cb..047f61d352 100644 --- a/gal/01/04.md +++ b/gal/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "this ... age" represents the powers at work in the age. Alternate translat # our God and Father This refers to "God our Father." He is our God and our Father. - diff --git a/gal/01/05.md b/gal/01/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/01/05.md +++ b/gal/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/01/06.md b/gal/01/06.md index bbe433f0a5..cde82a0f29 100644 --- a/gal/01/06.md +++ b/gal/01/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here this means God has appointed or chosen people to be his children, to serve # you are turning to a different gospel Here "turning to" is a metaphor that means to start to believe something. Alternate translation: "you are instead starting to believe a different gospel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/01/07.md b/gal/01/07.md index 30946559be..ea07e8d94b 100644 --- a/gal/01/07.md +++ b/gal/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # some men "some people" - diff --git a/gal/01/08.md b/gal/01/08.md index 9b4031d211..bc8f743f94 100644 --- a/gal/01/08.md +++ b/gal/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "even" shows that Paul did not believe that they or an angel from heave # let him be cursed "God should punish that person forever." If your language has a common way of calling a curse down on someone, you should use that. - diff --git a/gal/01/09.md b/gal/01/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/01/09.md +++ b/gal/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/01/10.md b/gal/01/10.md index d92ceeb301..c54620b3c1 100644 --- a/gal/01/10.md +++ b/gal/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These rhetorical questions expect the answer "no." Alternate translation: "I do # If I am still trying to please men, I am not a servant of Christ Both the "if" phrase and the "then" phrase are contrary to fact. "I am not still trying to please men; I am a servant of Christ" or "If I were still trying to please men, then I would not be a servant of Christ" - diff --git a/gal/01/11.md b/gal/01/11.md index 46ad35b234..90f9610c57 100644 --- a/gal/01/11.md +++ b/gal/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Galatians 1:2](../01/02.md). # is not man's gospel By using this phrase, Paul was not trying to say that Jesus Christ is not himself human. Because Christ is both man and God, however, he is not a sinful human being. Paul is writing about where the gospel came from; it did not come from sinful human beings, but it came from Jesus Christ. - diff --git a/gal/01/12.md b/gal/01/12.md index b1ffbd98fb..1c2ded2f0e 100644 --- a/gal/01/12.md +++ b/gal/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it was by revelation of Jesus Christ to me Possible meanings are 1) "Jesus Christ himself revealed the gospel to me" or 2) "God made me know the gospel when he showed me who Jesus Christ was." - diff --git a/gal/01/13.md b/gal/01/13.md index e738294599..29f7e84dd8 100644 --- a/gal/01/13.md +++ b/gal/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # former life "behavior at one time" or "prior life" or "earlier life" - diff --git a/gal/01/14.md b/gal/01/14.md index b313dfdb14..7a666daedc 100644 --- a/gal/01/14.md +++ b/gal/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor pictures Paul as being ahead of other Jews his age in their goal t # my fathers "my ancestors" - diff --git a/gal/01/15.md b/gal/01/15.md index 21676db12f..265c682c51 100644 --- a/gal/01/15.md +++ b/gal/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and who called me through his grace Possible meanings of "through his grace" are 1) this tells why God called Paul. Alternate translation: "and who called me to serve him because he is gracious" or 2) this tells how God called Paul. Alternate translation: "and who called me by means of his grace." - diff --git a/gal/01/16.md b/gal/01/16.md index f5dd838358..295ff845df 100644 --- a/gal/01/16.md +++ b/gal/01/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # consult with flesh and blood This is an expression that means talking with other people. Alternate translation: "ask people to help me understand the message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gal/01/17.md b/gal/01/17.md index 056b285dae..b01a9294e4 100644 --- a/gal/01/17.md +++ b/gal/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # go up to Jerusalem "go to Jerusalem." Jerusalem was in a region of high hills, making it necessary to climb many hills in order to get there, and so it was common to describe travel to Jerusalem as "going up to Jerusalem." - diff --git a/gal/01/18.md b/gal/01/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/01/18.md +++ b/gal/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/01/19.md b/gal/01/19.md index a7b11e8685..e1fe6d9274 100644 --- a/gal/01/19.md +++ b/gal/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I saw none of the other apostles except James This double negative emphasizes that James was the only apostle whom Paul saw. Alternate translation: "I saw only one of the other apostles, and that was James" or "the only other apostle I saw was James" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/gal/01/20.md b/gal/01/20.md index a52c87e503..d0cc8428a6 100644 --- a/gal/01/20.md +++ b/gal/01/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul wants the Galatians to understand that Paul is completely serious and that # In what I write to you, I assure you before God that I am not lying Paul uses litotes to emphasize that he is telling the truth. Alternate translation: "I am not lying to you in the messages I write to you" or "in the things I write to you I am telling you the truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/gal/01/21.md b/gal/01/21.md index 5c5080d231..94ee7996d4 100644 --- a/gal/01/21.md +++ b/gal/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the regions of Syria and Cilicia "the parts of the world called Syria and Cilicia" - diff --git a/gal/01/22.md b/gal/01/22.md index c29e20e461..13d884cc53 100644 --- a/gal/01/22.md +++ b/gal/01/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I was still not known by face to the churches of Judea that are in Christ "No one in the churches of Judea that are in Christ knew what I looked like" or "None of the people in the churches of Judea that are in Christ had ever met me" - diff --git a/gal/01/23.md b/gal/01/23.md index c237d15bf2..0f8c410aae 100644 --- a/gal/01/23.md +++ b/gal/01/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They only heard it being said "They only knew what they heard others saying about me" - diff --git a/gal/01/24.md b/gal/01/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/01/24.md +++ b/gal/01/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/01/intro.md b/gal/01/intro.md index 625d8efccb..019866a5b1 100644 --- a/gal/01/intro.md +++ b/gal/01/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # Galatians 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul started this letter differently than his other letters. He adds that he was "not an apostle from men nor by human agency, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him from the dead ones." Paul probably included these words because false teachers were opposing him and trying to undermine his authority. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Heresy -#### Heresy God eternally saves people only through the true, biblical gospel. God condemns any other version of the gospel. Paul asks God to curse those who teach a false gospel. They might not be saved. They should be treated as non-Christians. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/goodnews]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/condemn]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) -#### Paul's qualifications +### Paul's qualifications Some people in the early church were teaching that Gentiles needed to obey the law of Moses. To refute this teaching, in verses 13-16 Paul explains how he was formerly a zealous Jew. But God still needed to save him and show him the true gospel. As a Jew, and the apostle to Gentile people, Paul was uniquely qualified to address this issue. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "You are turning so quickly to a different gospel" -#### "You are turning so quickly to a different gospel" The Book of Galatians is one of Paul's earliest letters in Scripture. It shows that heresies troubled even the early church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +26,3 @@ The Book of Galatians is one of Paul's earliest letters in Scripture. It shows t * __[Galatians intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gal/02/01.md b/gal/02/01.md index c4efffbe9a..1bebf7ebd8 100644 --- a/gal/02/01.md +++ b/gal/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to give the history of how he learned the gospel from God, not th # went up "traveled." Jerusalem is located in hilly country. The Jews also viewed Jerusalem as the place on earth that is closest to heaven, so Paul may have been speaking figuratively, or it may be that it was reflecting the difficult, uphill, journey to get to Jerusalem. - diff --git a/gal/02/02.md b/gal/02/02.md index 64ad08918d..48ce2fb2da 100644 --- a/gal/02/02.md +++ b/gal/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses running as a metaphor for work. Alternate translation: "I was doing, o # in vain "for no benefit" or "for nothing" - diff --git a/gal/02/03.md b/gal/02/03.md index 9d265c1643..2220e2f18e 100644 --- a/gal/02/03.md +++ b/gal/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be circumcised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to have someone circumcise him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/04.md b/gal/02/04.md index 7f1ec64b6c..eabf660742 100644 --- a/gal/02/04.md +++ b/gal/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ freedom # to enslave us "to make us slaves to the law." Paul is speaking about being forced to follow the Jewish rituals that the law commanded. He is speaking about this as if it were slavery. The most important ritual was circumcision. Alternate translation: "to force us to obey the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/05.md b/gal/02/05.md index e91c9647ec..e726c23f10 100644 --- a/gal/02/05.md +++ b/gal/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # yield in submission "submit" or "listen" - diff --git a/gal/02/06.md b/gal/02/06.md index 55a2ef10f4..fd46dec5d9 100644 --- a/gal/02/06.md +++ b/gal/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # added nothing to me The word "me" here represents what Paul was teaching. Alternate translation: "added nothing to what I teach" or "did not tell me to add anything to what I teach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/07.md b/gal/02/07.md index d9123c5948..0b0ef73ec5 100644 --- a/gal/02/07.md +++ b/gal/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God trusted me ... Go # had been entrusted with the gospel to those "had been given the responsibility of preaching the gospel to those" - diff --git a/gal/02/08.md b/gal/02/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/02/08.md +++ b/gal/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/02/09.md b/gal/02/09.md index 8ed6c775b1..09ebc899fb 100644 --- a/gal/02/09.md +++ b/gal/02/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "grace" can be translated with the phrase "be kind." Alternate # gave ... the right hand of fellowship Grasping and shaking the right hand was a symbol of fellowship. Alternate translation: "welcomed ... as fellow workers" or "welcomed ... with honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/10.md b/gal/02/10.md index bef3929c57..aab79ea2eb 100644 --- a/gal/02/10.md +++ b/gal/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # remember the poor You may need to make explicit what about the poor he was to remember. Alternate translation: "remember to take care of the needs of the poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/11.md b/gal/02/11.md index e127f4e588..68b630cf20 100644 --- a/gal/02/11.md +++ b/gal/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I opposed him to his face The words "to his face" are a metonym for "where he could see and hear me." Alternate translation: "I confronted him in person" or "I challenged his actions in person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/12.md b/gal/02/12.md index 3a45d08481..4af7258ca3 100644 --- a/gal/02/12.md +++ b/gal/02/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jews who had become Christians, but who demanded that those who believe in Chris # kept away from "stayed away from" or "avoided" - diff --git a/gal/02/13.md b/gal/02/13.md index 4727b6e706..2bddc04487 100644 --- a/gal/02/13.md +++ b/gal/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul calls Peter's staying away from the Gentiles "this hypocrisy" because Peter # Even Barnabas was led astray with them by their hypocrisy Here to be "led astray" is a metaphor for being persuaded to do something wrong. Alternate translation: "Even Barnabas was persuaded to be a hypocrite because of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/14.md b/gal/02/14.md index a16c644ea1..5957ab8fd1 100644 --- a/gal/02/14.md +++ b/gal/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question is a rebuke and can be translated as a statement. The w # force Possible meanings are 1) force by using words or 2) persuade. - diff --git a/gal/02/15.md b/gal/02/15.md index 1942ab7db8..530be2c606 100644 --- a/gal/02/15.md +++ b/gal/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul tells the believers that Jews who know the law, as well as Gentiles who do # not Gentile sinners "not those whom the Jews call Gentile sinners" - diff --git a/gal/02/16.md b/gal/02/16.md index a52a670c0c..fe6c466eb5 100644 --- a/gal/02/16.md +++ b/gal/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This probably refers to Paul and others but not to the Galatians, who were prima # no flesh The word "flesh" is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "no person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/17.md b/gal/02/17.md index 9a553de8bd..dd54d954d8 100644 --- a/gal/02/17.md +++ b/gal/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "were found to be" are an idiom that emphasizes that "we are" certainl # Absolutely not! "Of course, that is not true!" This expression gives the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question "Does Christ become a servant of sin?" You may have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/18.md b/gal/02/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/02/18.md +++ b/gal/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/02/19.md b/gal/02/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/02/19.md +++ b/gal/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/02/20.md b/gal/02/20.md index 42c3ae131d..0bec1be35b 100644 --- a/gal/02/20.md +++ b/gal/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/gal/02/21.md b/gal/02/21.md index 9da0398281..54513dbb55 100644 --- a/gal/02/21.md +++ b/gal/02/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul uses this statement to argue that righteousness cannot be gained through th # then Christ died for nothing "then Christ would have accomplished nothing by dying" - diff --git a/gal/02/intro.md b/gal/02/intro.md index 446de34f67..1aeda142b5 100644 --- a/gal/02/intro.md +++ b/gal/02/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,25 @@ # Galatians 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul continues to defend the true gospel. This began in [Galatians 1:11](../../gal/01/11.md). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Circumcised and uncircumcised -#### Circumcised and uncircumcised The law of Moses required Jewish males to be circumcised. The Jews called Gentiles "the uncircumcised." -#### Slavery and freedom +### Slavery and freedom + Paul introduces these ideas in Galatians 2:4. He uses the metaphor of slavery for people who are obligated to obey the law of Moses. He uses the metaphor of freedom, or liberty, for people who are not obligated to obey the law of Moses because they trust in Jesus Christ to make them righteous. -#### The false brothers +### The false brothers + When Paul says that false brothers wanted to make the believers slaves, he is referring to Jews who claimed to be Christians and who wanted to convince Gentile Christians to obey the law of Moses. -#### The hypocrisy of Cephas +### The hypocrisy of Cephas + Jews normally did not eat with Gentiles because Gentiles did not obey the law of Moses. Cephas knew that Gentile Christians are not obligated to obey the law of Moses, and because of this, he knew that it was permissible to eat with them. However, when some men came saying that Gentile Christians are obligated to obey the law, Cephas stopped eating with the Gentiles Christians, as if he, too, believed that they need to obey the law of Moses. Paul rebuked Cephas for treating the Gentile Christians like that. ## Links: @@ -23,4 +27,3 @@ Jews normally did not eat with Gentiles because Gentiles did not obey the law of * __[Galatians 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gal/03/01.md b/gal/03/01.md index 67d2f7effa..7a4f335b7f 100644 --- a/gal/03/01.md +++ b/gal/03/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul is using irony and a rhetorical question to say that the Galatians are acti # It was before your eyes that Jesus Christ was publicly displayed as crucified Paul speaks of his clear teaching of Jesus being crucified as if he had put on public display a picture of Jesus being crucified. And he speaks of the Galatians having heard his teaching as if they had seen the picture. Alternate translation: "You yourselves heard the clear teaching about Jesus being crucified" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/02.md b/gal/03/02.md index e7a4a2e41a..48259c224d 100644 --- a/gal/03/02.md +++ b/gal/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate this rhetorical question as a question if you can, because the reader # the hearing of faith "believing what you heard" - diff --git a/gal/03/03.md b/gal/03/03.md index 148e69c240..0755dc4a34 100644 --- a/gal/03/03.md +++ b/gal/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question shows that Paul is surprised and even angry that the Ga # by the flesh The word "flesh" is a metonym for effort. Alternate translation: "by your own effort" or "by your own work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/04.md b/gal/03/04.md index 023af83b83..55ffca4ace 100644 --- a/gal/03/04.md +++ b/gal/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Galatians had believed that God makes people righteous because they trust in # for nothing "uselessly" or "without benefit to you" - diff --git a/gal/03/05.md b/gal/03/05.md index 611a16750e..b1db7a6d00 100644 --- a/gal/03/05.md +++ b/gal/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents people doing the works that the law requires. Alternate translat # by the hearing of faith Your language may require that what the people heard and whom they trusted be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "because you heard the message and had faith in Jesus" or "because you listened to the message and trusted in Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/06.md b/gal/03/06.md index 0d46ba0e17..f65f53c521 100644 --- a/gal/03/06.md +++ b/gal/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul reminds the Galatian believers that even Abraham received righteousness by # it was credited to him as righteousness God saw Abraham's faith in God, so then God considered Abraham righteous. - diff --git a/gal/03/07.md b/gal/03/07.md index 8541adf9f5..0d215f3789 100644 --- a/gal/03/07.md +++ b/gal/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the children of Abraham This represents people whom God views as he viewed Abraham. Alternate translation: "righteous in the same way that Abraham was righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/08.md b/gal/03/08.md index e3769d75fb..0f4935725c 100644 --- a/gal/03/08.md +++ b/gal/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" refers to Abraham. Ultimately God would bless the nations through # all the nations "all the people-groups in the world." God was showing that his plan of salvation was not only for the Jewish people, but for both Jews and non-Jews. - diff --git a/gal/03/09.md b/gal/03/09.md index 3ba1ac07cb..964fa4fb95 100644 --- a/gal/03/09.md +++ b/gal/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the man of faith Possible meanings are 1) Abraham was the man who believed and trusted in God or 2) Abraham was faithful to God. - diff --git a/gal/03/10.md b/gal/03/10.md index 3de8f40408..db37b38bcd 100644 --- a/gal/03/10.md +++ b/gal/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being under a curse represents being cursed. Here it refers to being eternally p # the works of the law "what the law says we must do" - diff --git a/gal/03/11.md b/gal/03/11.md index f9fe9f599f..276f4a6765 100644 --- a/gal/03/11.md +++ b/gal/03/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is correcting their belief that if they obeyed the law, God would justify t # the righteous will live by faith The nominal adjective "righteous" refers to righteous people. Alternate translation: "righteous people will live by faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/12.md b/gal/03/12.md index a0083aa9f9..1303fc53e0 100644 --- a/gal/03/12.md +++ b/gal/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must live by them Possible meanings are 1) "must obey them all" or 2) "will be judged by his ability to do what the law demands." - diff --git a/gal/03/13.md b/gal/03/13.md index 4e13f09a13..52483da45c 100644 --- a/gal/03/13.md +++ b/gal/03/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "curse" here is a metonym for God condemning the person whom he has cur # hangs on a tree Paul expected his audience to understand that he was referring to Jesus hanging on the cross. - diff --git a/gal/03/14.md b/gal/03/14.md index fb263a2108..d0bcae58ba 100644 --- a/gal/03/14.md +++ b/gal/03/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is because Christ became a curse for us. Alternate # we might receive the promise The word "we" includes the people who would read the letter and so is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/15.md b/gal/03/15.md index b3e4ce7155..76b1446bd2 100644 --- a/gal/03/15.md +++ b/gal/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Galatians 1:2](../01/02.md). # in human terms "as a person" or "of things most people understand" - diff --git a/gal/03/16.md b/gal/03/16.md index ca2f1bf7e3..6e34d21f30 100644 --- a/gal/03/16.md +++ b/gal/03/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word shows that Paul has stated a general principle and is now beginning to # to your descendant The word "your" is singular and refers to a specific person, who is a particular descendant of Abraham (and that descendant is identified as "Christ"). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/17.md b/gal/03/17.md index a877236bcd..380bc79943 100644 --- a/gal/03/17.md +++ b/gal/03/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In some languages it might be strange to speak of a law coming or setting aside # nullify the promise "to make the promise worthless" or "to make things as if the promise had never been made" - diff --git a/gal/03/18.md b/gal/03/18.md index cab1e4d1ab..aa3fd12af5 100644 --- a/gal/03/18.md +++ b/gal/03/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses this argument to show that the inheritance does not come by obeying th # the inheritance Paul speaks of what God has promised to give to believers as if it were an inheritance of property and wealth from a family member. Aternate translation: "the gift" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/19.md b/gal/03/19.md index 8f3b44138a..dcf24d997a 100644 --- a/gal/03/19.md +++ b/gal/03/19.md @@ -16,6 +16,4 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God ordained the law # by the hand of an intermediary -The words "by the hand of" are a metonym for the intermediary himself. An intermediary represents one person to another. Paul was probably talking about Moses, who represented God to the people of Israel. Alternate translation "by an intermediary" or "by his representative, Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - - +The words "by the hand of" are a metonym for the intermediary himself. An intermediary represents one person to another. Paul was probably talking about Moses, who represented God to the people of Israel. Alternate translation "by an intermediary" or "by his representative, Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/gal/03/20.md b/gal/03/20.md index 644f4971c1..fa3d5fcc2a 100644 --- a/gal/03/20.md +++ b/gal/03/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ representative # But God is one Paul uses this statement to contrast the law and the promise. Paul seems to be saying that the promise is superior to the law since God used an intermediary to give the law, but he did not use an intermediary when he made the promise. “God is one” is an important statement from the Old Testament, so it would be best to translate it as Paul wrote it. If this does not make sense in your language, you could translate it as "God is one God." - diff --git a/gal/03/21.md b/gal/03/21.md index 574a0e206a..39d153ee51 100644 --- a/gal/03/21.md +++ b/gal/03/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form, and the abstract noun "life" can be translate # righteousness would certainly have come by the law "we could have become righteous by obeying that law" - diff --git a/gal/03/22.md b/gal/03/22.md index 3869abfc90..b3cab7b321 100644 --- a/gal/03/22.md +++ b/gal/03/22.md @@ -5,5 +5,3 @@ The idea of being imprisoned under sin represents being controlled by sin. Possi # the promise by faith in Jesus Christ The word “promise” represents what God promised. Alternate translation: “what God promised to those who have faith in Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - - diff --git a/gal/03/23.md b/gal/03/23.md index fa403fa697..4699b2371d 100644 --- a/gal/03/23.md +++ b/gal/03/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The way the law controlled us is spoken of as if the law were a prison guard hol # until faith should be revealed This can be stated in active form, and who this faith is in can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "until God would reveal that he justifies those who have faith in Christ" or "until God would reveal that he justifies those who trust in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/24.md b/gal/03/24.md index c4421869bb..3c99d0bb0a 100644 --- a/gal/03/24.md +++ b/gal/03/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ More than simply "one who gives oversight to a child," this was usually a slave # so that we might be justified Before Christ came, God had planned to justify us. When Christ came, he carried out his plan to justify us. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that God would declare us to be righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/25.md b/gal/03/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/03/25.md +++ b/gal/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/03/26.md b/gal/03/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/03/26.md +++ b/gal/03/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/03/27.md b/gal/03/27.md index 3f301300db..35537973e2 100644 --- a/gal/03/27.md +++ b/gal/03/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # have clothed yourselves with Christ Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor meaning that they have been united to Christ. Alternate translation: "have become united with Christ" or "belong to Christ" or 2) this is a metaphor meaning that they have become like Christ. Alternate translation: "have become like Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/28.md b/gal/03/28.md index 49a2381dee..a863c1a52e 100644 --- a/gal/03/28.md +++ b/gal/03/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female "God sees no difference between Jew and Greek, slave and free, male and female" - diff --git a/gal/03/29.md b/gal/03/29.md index f2192b680f..911adc11f7 100644 --- a/gal/03/29.md +++ b/gal/03/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # heirs The people to whom God has made promises are spoken of as if they were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/03/intro.md b/gal/03/intro.md index f53ec67a92..1bff482e58 100644 --- a/gal/03/intro.md +++ b/gal/03/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,25 @@ # Galatians 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Equality in Christ -All Christians are equally united to Christ. Ancestry, gender, and status do not matter. All are equal with each other. All are equal in the eyes of God. +### Equality in Christ -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +All Christians are equally united to Christ. Ancestry, gender, and status do not matter. All are equal with each other. All are equal in the eyes of God. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions Paul uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to convince the Galatians of their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Flesh -#### Flesh This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for our sinful nature. Paul is not teaching that the physical part of man is sinful. "Flesh" is used in this chapter to contrast with that which is spiritual. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]) -#### "Those of faith are children of Abraham" +### "Those of faith are children of Abraham" + Scholars are divided on what this means. Some believe Christians inherit the promises that God gave to Abraham, so Christians replace the physical descendants of Israel. Others believe Christians spiritually follow Abraham, but they do not inherit the promises that God gave to Abraham. In light of Paul's other teachings and the context here, Paul is probably writing about the Jewish and Gentile Christians sharing the same faith as Abraham did. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -23,4 +27,3 @@ Scholars are divided on what this means. Some believe Christians inherit the pro * __[Galatians 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gal/04/01.md b/gal/04/01.md index 953743ce63..078ef91485 100644 --- a/gal/04/01.md +++ b/gal/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to remind the Galatian believers that Christ came to redeem those # no different from "the same as" - diff --git a/gal/04/02.md b/gal/04/02.md index 47f3ca19f3..7b2ff83d1e 100644 --- a/gal/04/02.md +++ b/gal/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ people with legal responsibility for children # managers people whom others trust to control what is valuable, in this case children - diff --git a/gal/04/03.md b/gal/04/03.md index d43f8d633e..674526904e 100644 --- a/gal/04/03.md +++ b/gal/04/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "enslaved" is a metaphor for being unable to stop one's self from doing som # the elemental principles of the world These words could refer to 1) the laws or moral principles of the world, or 2) spiritual powers that some people thought control what happens on earth. - diff --git a/gal/04/04.md b/gal/04/04.md index da55d2d6cc..e660729e1b 100644 --- a/gal/04/04.md +++ b/gal/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/05.md b/gal/04/05.md index f7a0b7942a..62abd6887f 100644 --- a/gal/04/05.md +++ b/gal/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # redeem Paul uses the metaphor of a person buying back lost property or buying the freedom of a slave as a picture of Jesus paying for his people's sins by dying on the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/06.md b/gal/04/06.md index 5805a37fe9..224c284c59 100644 --- a/gal/04/06.md +++ b/gal/04/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The Spirit is the one who cries. # Abba, Father This is the way a young child would address his father in Paul's home language, but not in the language of the Galatian readers. To keep the sense of a foreign language, translate this as a word that sounds as much like "Abba" as your language allows. - diff --git a/gal/04/07.md b/gal/04/07.md index 2c7f918c07..94366b74c6 100644 --- a/gal/04/07.md +++ b/gal/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is addressing his readers as though they are one person, so "you" here is s # heir The people to whom God has made promises are spoken of as if they were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/08.md b/gal/04/08.md index 0079577e33..65fc7af6fa 100644 --- a/gal/04/08.md +++ b/gal/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul reminds the Galatian believers that they are again trying to live under God # those who are "those things that are" or "those spirits who are" - diff --git a/gal/04/09.md b/gal/04/09.md index 38dc5a8f4d..cb5e642408 100644 --- a/gal/04/09.md +++ b/gal/04/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul uses this question to rebuke the people for behaving in a way that would ma # Do you want to be enslaved all over again? Here being "enslaved" is a metaphor for being obligated to obey certain rules or customs. Alternate translation: "Do you want to have to obey rules again like a slave has to obey his master?" or "It seems that you want to be controlled all over again!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/10.md b/gal/04/10.md index 7fae4f667b..da9c82bf8d 100644 --- a/gal/04/10.md +++ b/gal/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You observe days and new moons and seasons and years Paul is speaking of their being careful to celebrate certain times, thinking that doing that will make them right with God. Alternate translation: "You carefully celebrate days and new moons and seasons and years" - diff --git a/gal/04/11.md b/gal/04/11.md index 0becb52ac8..e58db25781 100644 --- a/gal/04/11.md +++ b/gal/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # may have been for nothing "may have been useless" or "has not had any effect" - diff --git a/gal/04/12.md b/gal/04/12.md index 2f692d1525..f47eb1ff77 100644 --- a/gal/04/12.md +++ b/gal/04/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Galatians 1:2](../01/02.md). # You did me no wrong This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "You treated me well" or "You treated me as you should have" - diff --git a/gal/04/13.md b/gal/04/13.md index a644b4d0dd..7b32fedbe7 100644 --- a/gal/04/13.md +++ b/gal/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # disease of the flesh "physical disease" or "disease of the body" - diff --git a/gal/04/14.md b/gal/04/14.md index f1223af425..d286bf56f7 100644 --- a/gal/04/14.md +++ b/gal/04/14.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ # my physical condition -Paul was speaking about a health problem that he had. We do not know what the problem was. +Paul was speaking about a health problem that he had. We do not know what the problem was. # despise hate very much - diff --git a/gal/04/15.md b/gal/04/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/04/15.md +++ b/gal/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/04/16.md b/gal/04/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/04/16.md +++ b/gal/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/04/17.md b/gal/04/17.md index 35e14885ee..301ebf4030 100644 --- a/gal/04/17.md +++ b/gal/04/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # zealous for them "zealous to do what they tell you to do" - diff --git a/gal/04/18.md b/gal/04/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/04/18.md +++ b/gal/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/04/19.md b/gal/04/19.md index 1f0b388152..373174bb31 100644 --- a/gal/04/19.md +++ b/gal/04/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor for disciples or followers. Alternate translation: "You who a # I am suffering the pains of childbirth for you until Christ is formed in you Paul uses childbirth as a metaphor for his concern about the Galatians. Alternate translation: "I am in pain as though I were a woman having to give birth to you, and I will continue to be in pain until Christ truly controls you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/20.md b/gal/04/20.md index 12f25132b2..3505b08bc1 100644 --- a/gal/04/20.md +++ b/gal/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # change my tone Paul wishes he could sound happy instead of sounding angry or confused. Alternate Translation: "change the way I sound" or "change the way I am speaking to you" or "speak to you differently" - diff --git a/gal/04/21.md b/gal/04/21.md index 03e0c10bc4..3658f260b9 100644 --- a/gal/04/21.md +++ b/gal/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tell me, you ... law, do you not listen to the law? Paul is introducing what he will say next. Alternate translation: "I want to tell you something, you ... law; you need to learn what the law really says." or "Let me tell you who ... law what the law really says." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/22.md b/gal/04/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/04/22.md +++ b/gal/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/04/23.md b/gal/04/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/04/23.md +++ b/gal/04/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/04/24.md b/gal/04/24.md index 9f5bed9e90..8033ec0b20 100644 --- a/gal/04/24.md +++ b/gal/04/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ An "allegory" is a story in which the people and things in it represent other th # she bears children into slavery Paul treats the law as if it were a person. Alternate translation: "the people under this covenant are like slaves who have to obey the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/25.md b/gal/04/25.md index d62da1c2d0..5d2b905cee 100644 --- a/gal/04/25.md +++ b/gal/04/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # she is in slavery with her children Hagar is a slave and her children are slaves with her. Alternate translation: "Jerusalem, like Hagar, is a slave, and her children are slaves with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/26.md b/gal/04/26.md index 13bcde2f8a..58bef38221 100644 --- a/gal/04/26.md +++ b/gal/04/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is free "is not bound" or "is not a slave" - diff --git a/gal/04/27.md b/gal/04/27.md index 37155d7659..5cf5f6e357 100644 --- a/gal/04/27.md +++ b/gal/04/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ be happy # you barren one ... you who are not suffering Here "you" refers to the barren woman and is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/28.md b/gal/04/28.md index 1f37d38cd5..48477df8eb 100644 --- a/gal/04/28.md +++ b/gal/04/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Galatians 1:2](../01/02.md). # children of promise Possible meanings are that the Galatians have become God's children 1) by believing God's promise or 2) because God worked miracles to fulfill his promises to Abraham, first by giving Abraham a son and then by making the Galatians children of Abraham and thus sons of God. - diff --git a/gal/04/29.md b/gal/04/29.md index 62c599030a..25f6f8c351 100644 --- a/gal/04/29.md +++ b/gal/04/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Abraham's becoming Ishmael's father by taking Hagar as a wife. Al # according to the Spirit "because of something the Spirit did" - diff --git a/gal/04/30.md b/gal/04/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/04/30.md +++ b/gal/04/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/04/31.md b/gal/04/31.md index 872fa491e6..1e51d9c1e1 100644 --- a/gal/04/31.md +++ b/gal/04/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Galatians 1:2](../01/02.md). # of a slave girl, but of the free woman The words "we are children" are understood from the previous phrase. This can be translated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "of a slave girl. Rather, we are children of the free woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/gal/04/intro.md b/gal/04/intro.md index 0bfd63a491..2f760d1a0e 100644 --- a/gal/04/intro.md +++ b/gal/04/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # Galatians 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verse 27, which is quoted from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sonship -#### Sonship Sonship is a complex issue. Scholars have many views on Israel's sonship. Paul uses sonship to teach how being under the law differs from being free in Christ. Not all of Abraham's physical descendants inherited God's promises to him. Only his descendants through Isaac and Jacob inherited the promises. And God only adopts into his family those who follow Abraham spiritually through faith. They are children of God with an inheritance. Paul calls them "children of promise." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adoption]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Abba, Father -#### Abba, Father "Abba" is an Aramaic word. In ancient Israel, people used it to informally refer to their fathers. Paul "transliterates" its sounds by writing them with Greek letters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) + ## Links: * __[Galatians 4:1](../../gal/04/01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gal/05/01.md b/gal/05/01.md index 75bba4f612..dd8edfd66b 100644 --- a/gal/05/01.md +++ b/gal/05/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Standing firm here represents being determined not to change. How they are not t # do not again be subject to a yoke of slavery Here being under control of a yoke of slavery represents being obligated to obey the law. Alternate translation: "do not live like one who is under the control of a yoke of slavery to the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/02.md b/gal/05/02.md index 05e88d8efb..0783c1a3c0 100644 --- a/gal/05/02.md +++ b/gal/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if you let yourselves be circumcised Paul is using circumcision as a metonym for Judaism. Alternate translation: "if you turn to the Jewish religion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/03.md b/gal/05/03.md index c9052e4f63..edac03f8ca 100644 --- a/gal/05/03.md +++ b/gal/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is using circumcision as a metonym for being Jewish. Alternate translation: # he is obligated to obey "he must obey" - diff --git a/gal/05/04.md b/gal/05/04.md index e3d5bf0149..bccef3499c 100644 --- a/gal/05/04.md +++ b/gal/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is speaking ironically here. He actually teaches that no one can be justifi # you no longer experience grace Who that grace comes from can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "God will not be gracious to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/05.md b/gal/05/05.md index 8f99774950..e139a6e97c 100644 --- a/gal/05/05.md +++ b/gal/05/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "we are waiting by faith for the hope of righteousness" # for the hope of righteousness They confidently expect that God will make them righteous. Alternate translation: "for the righteousness that we hope for" or "for the righteousness that we confidently expect to receive" - diff --git a/gal/05/06.md b/gal/05/06.md index 0a76e67ddd..23a84180e7 100644 --- a/gal/05/06.md +++ b/gal/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are metonymy for being a Jew or a non-Jew. Alternate translation: "neither # has value "has meaning" or "gives value to a person" or "makes God think a person is important" - diff --git a/gal/05/07.md b/gal/05/07.md index 05df236504..40edd7f331 100644 --- a/gal/05/07.md +++ b/gal/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You were running "You were practicing what Jesus taught" - diff --git a/gal/05/08.md b/gal/05/08.md index 37aa213708..4acabfa354 100644 --- a/gal/05/08.md +++ b/gal/05/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ What he calls them to can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the one who # persuasion To persuade someone is to get that person to change what he believes and so to act differently. - diff --git a/gal/05/09.md b/gal/05/09.md index 1e4a8006d3..0f1e00ddd4 100644 --- a/gal/05/09.md +++ b/gal/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A little yeast leavens the whole batch of dough Paul uses this proverb to mean that a small part of something affects the whole thing. In this case, one person who is teaching something false can harm the entire Christian community. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/10.md b/gal/05/10.md index 3fa84f2f76..0385eb0cfc 100644 --- a/gal/05/10.md +++ b/gal/05/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # whoever he is Possible meanings are 1) Paul does not know the names of the people who are telling the Galatians that they need to obey the law of Moses or 2) Paul does not want the Galatians to care about whether those who "confuse" them are rich or poor or great or small or religious or not religious. - diff --git a/gal/05/11.md b/gal/05/11.md index 2a61923cd2..e6e6e1cd5f 100644 --- a/gal/05/11.md +++ b/gal/05/11.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ Here the words "stumbling block" are a metaphor for something that angers or off # the cross Here "the cross" is a metonym for the teaching that because Jesus Christ died on the cross and is alive again, God saves people who believe in Christ. People do not have to be circumcised or become Jews. Alternate translation: "the message about the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/12.md b/gal/05/12.md index c1bcc453d6..0f50b72b06 100644 --- a/gal/05/12.md +++ b/gal/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cut themselves off Possible meanings are 1) literal, to cut off their male organs so as to become eunuchs or 2) metaphorical, completely withdraw from the Christian community. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/13.md b/gal/05/13.md index e82480c82d..4ab4cd14c8 100644 --- a/gal/05/13.md +++ b/gal/05/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Galatians 1:2](../01/02.md). # an opportunity for the flesh The word "flesh" here is a metonym for people's sinful nature. The relationship between the opportunity and the sinful nature can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "an opportunity for you to behave according to your sinful nature" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/14.md b/gal/05/14.md index e6cc32bf3c..43511ebd10 100644 --- a/gal/05/14.md +++ b/gal/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "word" here is a metonym for a commandment. Possible meanings are 1) "y # You must love your neighbor as yourself The words "you," "your," and "yourself" are all singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/15.md b/gal/05/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/05/15.md +++ b/gal/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/05/16.md b/gal/05/16.md index 5f3bdd9d7f..c82bd50afa 100644 --- a/gal/05/16.md +++ b/gal/05/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Walking is a metaphor for living. Alternate translation: "conduct your life in t # the desires of the flesh The word "flesh" here is a metonym for the sinful nature and is spoken of as if it were a person and wanted to sin. Alternate translation: "what you want to do because of your sinful nature" or "the things you want to do because you are sinful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/17.md b/gal/05/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/05/17.md +++ b/gal/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/05/18.md b/gal/05/18.md index a0cb3c7ad7..8a4ca5b1a0 100644 --- a/gal/05/18.md +++ b/gal/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not under the law "not obligated to obey the law of Moses" - diff --git a/gal/05/19.md b/gal/05/19.md index aa62079b11..95268e89a9 100644 --- a/gal/05/19.md +++ b/gal/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the works of the flesh The word "flesh" here is a metonym for the sinful nature. The sinful nature is spoken of as if it were a person who does things. The abstract noun "works" can be translated with the verb "does." Alternate translation: "the things the sinful nature does" or "the things people do because of their sinful nature" or "the things people do because they are sinful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/20.md b/gal/05/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/05/20.md +++ b/gal/05/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/05/21.md b/gal/05/21.md index 0869f2a4b0..fecd557bcb 100644 --- a/gal/05/21.md +++ b/gal/05/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # inherit Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/22.md b/gal/05/22.md index e4009cb8b9..e5b549a9c0 100644 --- a/gal/05/22.md +++ b/gal/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the fruit of the Spirit is love ... faith Here "fruit" here is a metaphor for "result" or "outcome." Alternate translation: "what the Spirit produces is love ... faith" or "the Spirit produces in God's people love ... faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/23.md b/gal/05/23.md index 894ecebd62..2b0c98ad52 100644 --- a/gal/05/23.md +++ b/gal/05/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gentleness ... self-control The list of characteristics described as "the fruit of the Spirit," which begins in the previous verse with the words "love, joy, peace," ends here. The word "fruit" is a metaphor for "result" or "outcome." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/24.md b/gal/05/24.md index 386e139e39..6da32b984f 100644 --- a/gal/05/24.md +++ b/gal/05/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "flesh" here is a metonym for the sinful nature. The sinful nature is s # passions and desires If your language does not have different words for "passions" and "desires," you can treat this as a hendiadys or doublet that simply emphasizes the idea of desires that are wrong, that harm the one who desires and if fulfilled would harm other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/25.md b/gal/05/25.md index ecb80672a4..b783131c0c 100644 --- a/gal/05/25.md +++ b/gal/05/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # walk by the Spirit "Walk" here is a metaphor for living every day. Alternate translation: "allow the Holy Spirit to guide us so we do things that please and honor God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gal/05/26.md b/gal/05/26.md index 2671b816c1..9bb078c70f 100644 --- a/gal/05/26.md +++ b/gal/05/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let us "We should" - diff --git a/gal/05/intro.md b/gal/05/intro.md index 622775b022..8fcab13a7f 100644 --- a/gal/05/intro.md +++ b/gal/05/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ # Galatians 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Paul continues writing about the law of Moses as if it were something that traps or enslaves a person. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) +Paul continues writing about the law of Moses as if it were something that traps or enslaves a person. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Fruit of the Spirit -#### Fruit of the Spirit The phrase "the fruit of the Spirit" is not plural, even though it begins a list of several things. Translators should keep the singular form if possible. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Illustrations -#### Illustrations Paul uses several metaphors in this chapter to illustrate his points and help explain complicated issues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "You are cut off from Christ, you who would be justified by the law; you no longer experience grace." -#### "You are cut off from Christ, you who would be justified by the law; you no longer experience grace." Some scholars think Paul teaches that being circumcised causes a person to lose their salvation. Other scholars think Paul means that obeying the law to try to get right with God will keep a person from being saved by grace. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +27,3 @@ Some scholars think Paul teaches that being circumcised causes a person to lose * __[Galatians 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gal/06/01.md b/gal/06/01.md index cc2a44b809..e980ab84e5 100644 --- a/gal/06/01.md +++ b/gal/06/01.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ These words treat the Galatians as though they are all one person to emphasize t # so you also may not be tempted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that nothing will tempt you also to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gal/06/02.md b/gal/06/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gal/06/02.md +++ b/gal/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gal/06/03.md b/gal/06/03.md index e37426173f..6924d74925 100644 --- a/gal/06/03.md +++ b/gal/06/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he is nothing "he is not important" or "he is not better than others" - diff --git a/gal/06/04.md b/gal/06/04.md index 5455f4556c..bd9bfabb06 100644 --- a/gal/06/04.md +++ b/gal/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Each one should "Each person must" - diff --git a/gal/06/05.md b/gal/06/05.md index 3cb304fd47..94cd2501e1 100644 --- a/gal/06/05.md +++ b/gal/06/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # each one will "each person will" - diff --git a/gal/06/06.md b/gal/06/06.md index 606ace6cd6..349a98e852 100644 --- a/gal/06/06.md +++ b/gal/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the word "the message," everything God has said or commanded - diff --git a/gal/06/07.md b/gal/06/07.md index f117b0dff6..a66f83402f 100644 --- a/gal/06/07.md +++ b/gal/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Planting represents doing things that end in some kind of result, and gathering # whatever a man plants Paul is not specifying males here. Alternate translation: "whatever a person plants" or "whatever someone plants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/gal/06/08.md b/gal/06/08.md index c80dedcebb..28be7a4c63 100644 --- a/gal/06/08.md +++ b/gal/06/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Planting seeds is a metaphor for doing deeds that will have consequences later. # from the Spirit will reap eternal life "will receive eternal life as a reward from God's Spirit" - diff --git a/gal/06/09.md b/gal/06/09.md index 2202feb754..8db2caefbd 100644 --- a/gal/06/09.md +++ b/gal/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ doing good to others for their well-being # for at the right time "for in due time" or "because at the time God has chosen" - diff --git a/gal/06/10.md b/gal/06/10.md index c074ce6cdc..63eeb8d198 100644 --- a/gal/06/10.md +++ b/gal/06/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # those who belong to the household of faith "those who are members of God's family through faith in Christ" - diff --git a/gal/06/11.md b/gal/06/11.md index 86e437d5d4..736a65a498 100644 --- a/gal/06/11.md +++ b/gal/06/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can mean that Paul wants to emphasize 1) the statements that follow or 2) t # with my own hand Possible meanings are 1) Paul probably had a helper who wrote most of this letter as Paul told him what to write, but Paul himself wrote this last part of the letter or 2) Paul wrote the whole letter himself. - diff --git a/gal/06/12.md b/gal/06/12.md index 2cdf823963..758c954905 100644 --- a/gal/06/12.md +++ b/gal/06/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # the cross of Christ These words are a metonym for faith that Christ died on the cross so God would forgive his people's sins. Alternate translation: "believing that God forgives his people's sins because Jesus died on the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gal/06/13.md b/gal/06/13.md index 080eab1cfd..dcfd4f6d04 100644 --- a/gal/06/13.md +++ b/gal/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that they may boast about your flesh "so that they may be proud that they have added you to the people who try to keep the law" - diff --git a/gal/06/14.md b/gal/06/14.md index 885ed801a9..9b96247823 100644 --- a/gal/06/14.md +++ b/gal/06/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the world thinks of me as already dead" or 2) "the wor # the world Possible meanings are 1) the people of the world, those who care nothing for God or 2) the things that those who care nothing for God think are important. - diff --git a/gal/06/15.md b/gal/06/15.md index 0716ab759a..8726304f09 100644 --- a/gal/06/15.md +++ b/gal/06/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a new creation Possible meanings are 1) a new believer in Jesus Christ or 2) the new life of a believer. - diff --git a/gal/06/16.md b/gal/06/16.md index 75e743223e..45bcf7df5f 100644 --- a/gal/06/16.md +++ b/gal/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "walk" here is a metaphor for living life, and a standard is something # peace and mercy be upon them, even upon the Israel of God Possible meanings are 1) that believers in general are the Israel of God or 2) "may peace and mercy be upon Gentile believers and upon the Israel of God" or 3) "may peace be upon those who follow the rule, and may mercy be upon even the Israel of God." - diff --git a/gal/06/17.md b/gal/06/17.md index 3376899047..422bb95a38 100644 --- a/gal/06/17.md +++ b/gal/06/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "speak of these matters to me" or 2) "cause me hardship # for I carry on my body the marks of Jesus These marks were scars from people who beat and whipped Paul because they did not like him teaching about Jesus. Alternate translation: "for the scars on my body show that I serve Jesus" - diff --git a/gal/06/18.md b/gal/06/18.md index 723ef57290..e316f3b48b 100644 --- a/gal/06/18.md +++ b/gal/06/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "your" here refers to the Galatians and so is plural. The words "your s # brothers See how you translated this in [Galatians 1:2](../01/02.md). - diff --git a/gal/06/intro.md b/gal/06/intro.md index eaf9941de4..8fa277c00d 100644 --- a/gal/06/intro.md +++ b/gal/06/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,22 @@ # Galatians 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter concludes Paul's letter. His final words address some issues that do not seem to be connected to the rest of his letter. +This chapter concludes Paul's letter. His final words address some issues that do not seem to be connected to the rest of his letter. + +### Brothers -#### Brothers Paul writes the words in this chapter to Christians. He calls them "brothers." This refers to Paul's Christian brothers and not his Jewish brothers. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### New Creation +### New Creation People who are born again are a new creation in Christ. Christians have been given new life in Christ. They have a new nature in them after they come to faith in Christ. To Paul, this is more significant than a person's ancestry. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bornagain]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Flesh +### Flesh This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is contrasted with "spirit." In this chapter, flesh is also used to refer to the physical body. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]) @@ -24,4 +25,3 @@ This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is contrasted with "spirit." In this chapter, f * __[Galatians 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/gal/front/intro.md b/gal/front/intro.md index e9f94d1568..2813684092 100644 --- a/gal/front/intro.md +++ b/gal/front/intro.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ### Who wrote the Book of Galatians? -Paul from the city of Tarsus was the author. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he began to trust in Jesus Christ, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus. +Paul from the city of Tarsus was the author. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he began to trust in Jesus Christ, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus. It is uncertain when Paul wrote this letter and where he was when he wrote it. Some scholars think Paul was in the city of Ephesus and wrote this letter after the second time he traveled to tell people about Jesus. Other scholars think Paul was in the city of Antioch in Syria and wrote the letter soon after the first time he traveled. @@ -45,4 +45,3 @@ These phrases also have specific meanings that depend on how Paul used them in a ### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of Galatians? * "Foolish Galatians! Who has put a spell on you? It was before your eyes that Jesus Christ was publicly displayed as crucified" (3:1). The ULB and the other modern versions have this reading. However, older versions of the Bible add, "[so] that ye should not obey the truth." Translators are advised not to include this expression. However, if in the translators' region there are older Bible versions that have the passage, the translators can include it. If it is translated, it should be put inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that it is probably not original to Galatians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/gen/01/01.md b/gen/01/01.md index 97c573dbd5..3e46c9f865 100644 --- a/gen/01/01.md +++ b/gen/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the start of the world and everything in it. # heavens This refers here to the sky. - diff --git a/gen/01/02.md b/gen/01/02.md index 7a84e44476..3fc7903a5b 100644 --- a/gen/01/02.md +++ b/gen/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God had not yet put the world in order. # the surface of the waters "the surface of the water" or "the water" - diff --git a/gen/01/03.md b/gen/01/03.md index 6cd9d65bad..3e1dc74b08 100644 --- a/gen/01/03.md +++ b/gen/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let there be light This is a command. By commanding that light should exist, God made it exist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative]]) - diff --git a/gen/01/04.md b/gen/01/04.md index eecbb7c9a2..477b22faa2 100644 --- a/gen/01/04.md +++ b/gen/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # divided the light from the darkness "separated the light and the darkness" or "made it light at one time and dark at another." This refers to God creating the daytime and the night time. - diff --git a/gen/01/05.md b/gen/01/05.md index 5aa6c541a0..2d617fe83f 100644 --- a/gen/01/05.md +++ b/gen/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God did these things on the first day that the universe existed. # evening and ... morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/gen/01/06.md b/gen/01/06.md index 1ff95832f7..213c11a47d 100644 --- a/gen/01/06.md +++ b/gen/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ large empty space. The Jewish people thought of this space as being shaped like # between the waters "in the water" - diff --git a/gen/01/07.md b/gen/01/07.md index b31de61f4a..a91b120773 100644 --- a/gen/01/07.md +++ b/gen/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # It was so "It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. - diff --git a/gen/01/08.md b/gen/01/08.md index 2331fc3876..3833ce3348 100644 --- a/gen/01/08.md +++ b/gen/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were t # the second day This refers to the second day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. - diff --git a/gen/01/09.md b/gen/01/09.md index 884d119b06..20bc63344a 100644 --- a/gen/01/09.md +++ b/gen/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to land that is not covered with water. It does not refer to land th # It was so "It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. See how you translated it in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/10.md b/gen/01/10.md index 0f493ff454..69c5773f16 100644 --- a/gen/01/10.md +++ b/gen/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He saw that it was good Here "it" refers to the land and the sea. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/11.md b/gen/01/11.md index c652f98f2b..d02a8f4ff8 100644 --- a/gen/01/11.md +++ b/gen/01/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The seeds would produce plants and trees that would be like the ones they came f # It was so "It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/12.md b/gen/01/12.md index 274e22203f..a356a5064a 100644 --- a/gen/01/12.md +++ b/gen/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God saw that it was good Here "it" refers to the vegetation, plants, and trees. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:10](../01/10.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/13.md b/gen/01/13.md index 786de78a29..78ccc188a7 100644 --- a/gen/01/13.md +++ b/gen/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were t # the third day This refers to the third day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. - diff --git a/gen/01/14.md b/gen/01/14.md index 41cb901b49..a90e442e68 100644 --- a/gen/01/14.md +++ b/gen/01/14.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The sun, moon, and stars show the passing of time. This enables us to know when # seasons times that are set aside for festivals and other things that people do - diff --git a/gen/01/15.md b/gen/01/15.md index dc742c03b8..71bdc01a30 100644 --- a/gen/01/15.md +++ b/gen/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a command. By commanding that they should light the earth, God made them # It was so "It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/16.md b/gen/01/16.md index 262d82d194..49a27eddd9 100644 --- a/gen/01/16.md +++ b/gen/01/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers only to the daylight hours. # the lesser light "the smaller light" or "the dimmer light" - diff --git a/gen/01/17.md b/gen/01/17.md index 1eaae8b4c8..4501593941 100644 --- a/gen/01/17.md +++ b/gen/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the sky "in the heavens" or "in the open space of the sky" - diff --git a/gen/01/18.md b/gen/01/18.md index fe71a01ec6..57b35ce281 100644 --- a/gen/01/18.md +++ b/gen/01/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # God saw that it was good Here "it" refers to the sun, moon, and stars. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/19.md b/gen/01/19.md index 55c17a8326..faccc50ee1 100644 --- a/gen/01/19.md +++ b/gen/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were t # the fourth day This refers to the fourth day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. - diff --git a/gen/01/20.md b/gen/01/20.md index 59d0f9c9ec..ffbe28fa11 100644 --- a/gen/01/20.md +++ b/gen/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a command. By commanding that birds should fly, God made them fly. (See: # the expanse of the sky "the open space of the sky" or "the sky" - diff --git a/gen/01/21.md b/gen/01/21.md index 7e655b95c2..f1d5d17c39 100644 --- a/gen/01/21.md +++ b/gen/01/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Living things of the same "kind" are like the ones they came from. See how you t # God saw that it was good Here "it" refers to the birds and the fish. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/22.md b/gen/01/22.md index 34c932032e..30cdcc709d 100644 --- a/gen/01/22.md +++ b/gen/01/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a command. By commanding that birds should multiply, God made birds mult # birds "animals that fly" or "flying things." See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:20](../01/20.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/23.md b/gen/01/23.md index bd7bf2f91e..accf805329 100644 --- a/gen/01/23.md +++ b/gen/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were t # the fifth day This refers to the fifth day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. - diff --git a/gen/01/24.md b/gen/01/24.md index 055a745b08..a57098acf7 100644 --- a/gen/01/24.md +++ b/gen/01/24.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ These are animals that live in the wild. People do not take care of them. # It was so "It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/25.md b/gen/01/25.md index 21904eb132..9c02209727 100644 --- a/gen/01/25.md +++ b/gen/01/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He saw that it was good Here "it" refers to the living creatures on the earth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/26.md b/gen/01/26.md index 33d8e7d387..71295213fd 100644 --- a/gen/01/26.md +++ b/gen/01/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God made mankind to be # have dominion over "rule over" or "have authority over" - diff --git a/gen/01/27.md b/gen/01/27.md index 69f2eb377f..8e51713ef9 100644 --- a/gen/01/27.md +++ b/gen/01/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two sentences mean the same thing and emphasize that God created people in # God created man The way that God created man was different from the way he created everything else. Do not specify that he created man by simply speaking, as in the preceding verses. - diff --git a/gen/01/28.md b/gen/01/28.md index d971be0e74..8bfd74cffb 100644 --- a/gen/01/28.md +++ b/gen/01/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God told the man and the woman to produce more people like themselves so that th # Fill the earth Fill the earth with people. - diff --git a/gen/01/29.md b/gen/01/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/01/29.md +++ b/gen/01/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/01/30.md b/gen/01/30.md index efdb241636..60c5cdab57 100644 --- a/gen/01/30.md +++ b/gen/01/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God continues speaking. # It was so "It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated it in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/gen/01/31.md b/gen/01/31.md index 258b3cd2ac..491d252f2e 100644 --- a/gen/01/31.md +++ b/gen/01/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were t # the sixth day This refers to the sixth day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. - diff --git a/gen/01/intro.md b/gen/01/intro.md index cb2ecc730d..4027ed9000 100644 --- a/gen/01/intro.md +++ b/gen/01/intro.md @@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ This expression occurs often in this chapter. It can be difficult to translate, * __[Genesis intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/02/01.md b/gen/02/01.md index c17860c706..72c95a5b17 100644 --- a/gen/02/01.md +++ b/gen/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # were finished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God had finished creating them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/02/02.md b/gen/02/02.md index fb53ea007c..1d65faf406 100644 --- a/gen/02/02.md +++ b/gen/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "had finished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # he rested on the seventh day from all his work "on that day he did not work" - diff --git a/gen/02/03.md b/gen/02/03.md index a044466579..caff2a8baf 100644 --- a/gen/02/03.md +++ b/gen/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) God caused the seventh day to produce good result or 2) # sanctified it "made it holy" or "set it apart" - diff --git a/gen/02/04.md b/gen/02/04.md index 91f5785f1f..2514786c62 100644 --- a/gen/02/04.md +++ b/gen/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The rest of Genesis 2 tells about how God created people on the sixth day. # Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. - diff --git a/gen/02/05.md b/gen/02/05.md index a7c9b3d124..b6904a6cc7 100644 --- a/gen/02/05.md +++ b/gen/02/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ no leafy plants like vegetables or greens that both animals and humans can eat # to cultivate to do everything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well - diff --git a/gen/02/06.md b/gen/02/06.md index 2fdf7d9768..8444d56ff9 100644 --- a/gen/02/06.md +++ b/gen/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) something like dew or morning fog o 2) springs from und # the whole surface of the ground the entire earth - diff --git a/gen/02/07.md b/gen/02/07.md index 527bea004f..b11d21470b 100644 --- a/gen/02/07.md +++ b/gen/02/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # breath of life "breath that makes things live." Here "life" refers to physical life. - diff --git a/gen/02/08.md b/gen/02/08.md index 78e5fd5708..469a3be2d6 100644 --- a/gen/02/08.md +++ b/gen/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This could have been an orchard of fruit trees or an area with all kinds of tree # eastward in the east - diff --git a/gen/02/09.md b/gen/02/09.md index 613d735a41..0e57bb7fe0 100644 --- a/gen/02/09.md +++ b/gen/02/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in betwee # in the midst of the garden "in the middle of the garden." The two trees may not have been in the exact center of the garden. - diff --git a/gen/02/10.md b/gen/02/10.md index eb667aa9cb..dbdb984048 100644 --- a/gen/02/10.md +++ b/gen/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A river went out of Eden to water the garden The garden was in Eden. The river continued to flow outside of Eden. "A river flowed through Eden to water the garden" - diff --git a/gen/02/11.md b/gen/02/11.md index 32e2684b6a..0a4e828c0e 100644 --- a/gen/02/11.md +++ b/gen/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the only time this river is referred to in the Bible. (See: [[rc://en/ta # where there is gold This phrase gives information about Havilah. Some languages would translate it as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "There is gold in Havilah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/gen/02/12.md b/gen/02/12.md index 905c731b49..4c55812d7c 100644 --- a/gen/02/12.md +++ b/gen/02/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This resin comes from a tree and smells nice. A resin is sticky stuff that comes # the onyx stone "onyx stones." Onyx is a certain kind of beautiful stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/gen/02/13.md b/gen/02/13.md index d9695320e8..12c9422b3a 100644 --- a/gen/02/13.md +++ b/gen/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The river did not cover the whole land, but wound through various parts of the l # the whole land of Cush "the entire land called Cush" - diff --git a/gen/02/14.md b/gen/02/14.md index 639e4a1811..d22b328d57 100644 --- a/gen/02/14.md +++ b/gen/02/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it flows east of Ashur The Tigris River flows from north to south. If people do not know what Ashur was, it can be made clear that it was a city. Alternate translation: "it flows in the land east of the city of Ashur"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/02/15.md b/gen/02/15.md index a0c10cf357..6ecccf886f 100644 --- a/gen/02/15.md +++ b/gen/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # to maintain it to guard against anything bad happening in it - diff --git a/gen/02/16.md b/gen/02/16.md index 5c2347131c..4ae6627b51 100644 --- a/gen/02/16.md +++ b/gen/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This pronoun is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # may freely eat "may eat without restriction" - diff --git a/gen/02/17.md b/gen/02/17.md index 4604860027..4b697ac962 100644 --- a/gen/02/17.md +++ b/gen/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the tree of the knowledge of good and evil "the tree that gives people the ability to understand both good and evil" or "the tree that makes people who eat its fruit able to know good things and bad things." See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). - diff --git a/gen/02/18.md b/gen/02/18.md index 3e6d01e943..4ebf7107d6 100644 --- a/gen/02/18.md +++ b/gen/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will make him a helper suitable for him "I will make a helper who is just right for him" - diff --git a/gen/02/19.md b/gen/02/19.md index 00ac161dc2..95d5f9c6b6 100644 --- a/gen/02/19.md +++ b/gen/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # every animal of the field and every bird of the sky The phrases "of the field" and "of the sky" tell where the animals and birds are usually found. Alternate translation: "all kinds of animals and birds" - diff --git a/gen/02/20.md b/gen/02/20.md index 34b28d140d..c008e07f61 100644 --- a/gen/02/20.md +++ b/gen/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # there was found no helper suitable for him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "there was no companion that was right for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/02/21.md b/gen/02/21.md index dd43f56934..433863812c 100644 --- a/gen/02/21.md +++ b/gen/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # flesh This refers to the soft parts of the body like skin and muscle. - diff --git a/gen/02/22.md b/gen/02/22.md index 6857c99d2a..0fdca2dd52 100644 --- a/gen/02/22.md +++ b/gen/02/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # With the rib ... he made a woman "From the rib ... he formed a woman." The rib was the material God made the woman from. - diff --git a/gen/02/23.md b/gen/02/23.md index 7ccde73c76..a51a386c72 100644 --- a/gen/02/23.md +++ b/gen/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # She will be called 'woman,' because she was taken out of man The translator may want to write a footnote saying "The Hebrew word for 'woman' sounds like the Hebrew word for 'man.' - diff --git a/gen/02/24.md b/gen/02/24.md index dcef7f4f4d..c6bddfda6c 100644 --- a/gen/02/24.md +++ b/gen/02/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ What follows is written by the author. The man did not say these things. # they will become one flesh This idiom speaks of sexual activity as though the bodies that are together become one body. Alternate translation: "their two bodies will become one body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/02/25.md b/gen/02/25.md index 020a18896d..68552011d4 100644 --- a/gen/02/25.md +++ b/gen/02/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the man and the woman that God had created. # but were not ashamed "they were not ashamed about being naked" - diff --git a/gen/02/index.md b/gen/02/index.md index 71db47d1f1..a295cf1e89 100644 --- a/gen/02/index.md +++ b/gen/02/index.md @@ -16,4 +16,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cush]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/euphrates]] - diff --git a/gen/02/intro.md b/gen/02/intro.md index 18260b8f13..c3c59668b1 100644 --- a/gen/02/intro.md +++ b/gen/02/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Genesis 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Gen. 2:1-3 ends the first creation account, begun in the previous chapter. The second creation account, beginning in 2:4, is very different, using a more natural, story-telling style instead of following a set formula using repeated phrases. Translators should try to imitate this difference in their versions. +Gen. 2:1-3 ends the first creation account, begun in the previous chapter. The second creation account, beginning in 2:4, is very different, using a more natural, story-telling style instead of following a set formula using repeated phrases. Translators should try to imitate this difference in their versions. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The second creation account in Gen. 2:4-25 +### The second creation account in Gen. 2:4-25 Gen. 2:4-25 presents an account of creation from a different viewpoint than the one given in Gen. 1:1-2:3. This second account should be regarded as filling out the first account, not as conflicting with it. -#### Yahweh, the name of God +### Yahweh, the name of God "Yahweh," the personal name of God in the Old Testament, appears for the first time in this chapter. Translators must decide how to represent it in their versions. For 2,000 years, it has been traditional for many Christians to represent it with the term "the Lord." Indeed, it is demanded by Roman Catholics for their Bible versions to continue doing this. Of course, the disadvantage of using "the Lord" is that this is a title for God, not a personal name. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]) @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Or translators can consider using expressions for the supreme god that might exi Translators can also consider pairing a transliteration of "Yahweh" with a meaningful title for the supreme god in the project language. Whatever solution is found should be followed consistently when the name "Yahweh" occurs in the Scriptures. -#### The Garden of Eden +### The Garden of Eden This was not a vegetable garden or cultivated field. Instead, it was probably a large area of land with fruit trees and other plants bearing leaves, etc., that were good to eat. A river flowed out from the Garden of Eden, giving the impression that the Garden was a holy place; in the ancient Near East, temples had gardens and waterways. In Rev. 22:1-2, the throne of God in the New Jerusalem is pictured with a river flowing out from it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This was not a vegetable garden or cultivated field. Instead, it was probably a * __[Genesis 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/03/01.md b/gen/03/01.md index 13715cf31e..a521a7fc61 100644 --- a/gen/03/01.md +++ b/gen/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The snake is pretending to be surprised that God has made this rule. This rhetor # You must not eat The word "you" is plural and refers to the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gen/03/02.md b/gen/03/02.md index 67eeb43208..ae10a6b403 100644 --- a/gen/03/02.md +++ b/gen/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We may eat "We are allowed to eat" or "We have permission to eat" - diff --git a/gen/03/03.md b/gen/03/03.md index 27bc90cef8..95b5328f81 100644 --- a/gen/03/03.md +++ b/gen/03/03.md @@ -9,6 +9,3 @@ The word "you" is plural and refers to the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta # or you will die This tells what would happen if they ate or touched the fruit of that tree. Alternate translation: "If you eat it or touch it, you will die" - - - diff --git a/gen/03/04.md b/gen/03/04.md index 0f6bab3faf..31cb383026 100644 --- a/gen/03/04.md +++ b/gen/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will ... not die These words refer to the man and the woman and so are dual or plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gen/03/05.md b/gen/03/05.md index a2e6467d55..1e031ea36e 100644 --- a/gen/03/05.md +++ b/gen/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words refer to the man and the woman and so are dual or plural. (See: [[rc # knowing good and evil Here "good and evil" is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in between. See how you translated "knowledge of good and evil" in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: "knowing everything, including both good and evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/gen/03/06.md b/gen/03/06.md index f4d7e37c95..95fa2395e1 100644 --- a/gen/03/06.md +++ b/gen/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that the tree was desirable to make one wise "she wanted the tree's fruit because it could make a person wise" or "she wanted its fruit because it could make her understand what was right and wrong just as God does" - diff --git a/gen/03/07.md b/gen/03/07.md index 5d8bcec104..ea962c9342 100644 --- a/gen/03/07.md +++ b/gen/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If people do not know what fig leaves are like, this can be translated as "large # made coverings for their loins They did this because they were ashamed. This implicit information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "clothed themselves with them because they were ashamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/03/08.md b/gen/03/08.md index 5bda55bd2f..fbcb4c164f 100644 --- a/gen/03/08.md +++ b/gen/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from the presence of Yahweh God "from Yahweh God's sight" or "so that Yahweh God would not see them" or "from Yahweh God" - diff --git a/gen/03/09.md b/gen/03/09.md index f10cd0a010..22400f075a 100644 --- a/gen/03/09.md +++ b/gen/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you In verses 9 and 11, God was speaking to the man. Languages that have a singular form of "you" would use that here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gen/03/10.md b/gen/03/10.md index 12ff46dae2..7e35d3ce86 100644 --- a/gen/03/10.md +++ b/gen/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I heard you "I heard the sound you were making" - diff --git a/gen/03/11.md b/gen/03/11.md index a186232928..75160b364b 100644 --- a/gen/03/11.md +++ b/gen/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God knew the answer to this question. He asked it in order to help Adam to confe # Have you eaten from ... from? Again, God knew that Adam had eaten from that tree. Translate this question in a form that shows that God was speaking about Adam's disobedience. The sentence can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You must have eaten from ... from." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/03/12.md b/gen/03/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/03/12.md +++ b/gen/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/03/13.md b/gen/03/13.md index 6197752f1e..ed88c29c14 100644 --- a/gen/03/13.md +++ b/gen/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What is this you have done? God already knew what the woman had done. When he asked this question, he was giving her the opportunity to tell him about it, and he was expressing his disappointment with what she had done. Many languages use rhetorical questions for scolding or rebuking. If possible, use a form that expresses this disappointment. It can also be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You have done a terrible thing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/03/14.md b/gen/03/14.md index ff3b1a3fb9..e4b8346cc7 100644 --- a/gen/03/14.md +++ b/gen/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # it is dust that you will eat "you will eat dust." The words "it is dust" comes first to emphasize the contrast between the plants above the ground that other animals would eat and the dirty food on the ground that the serpent would eat. This is part of the curse formula. - diff --git a/gen/03/15.md b/gen/03/15.md index 2123a6bded..4a0222f741 100644 --- a/gen/03/15.md +++ b/gen/03/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "he" and "his" refer to the woman's descendant. If "seed" was translat # bruise "crush" or "strike" or "attack" - diff --git a/gen/03/16.md b/gen/03/16.md index 9d04867a8a..ad0c2ccf58 100644 --- a/gen/03/16.md +++ b/gen/03/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # he will rule over you "he will be your master" or "he will control you" - diff --git a/gen/03/17.md b/gen/03/17.md index 1ad7f7a6ac..05175013e3 100644 --- a/gen/03/17.md +++ b/gen/03/17.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "curse" comes first in the sentence to emphasize that the ground, which # you will eat from it The word "it" refers to the ground and is a metonym for the parts of the plants, which grow in the ground, that people eat. Alternate translation: "you will eat what grows from it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/03/18.md b/gen/03/18.md index 8c450b3d8d..0224769231 100644 --- a/gen/03/18.md +++ b/gen/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the plants of the field Possible meanings are 1) "the plants that you take care of in your fields" or 2) "the wild plants that grow in the open fields." - diff --git a/gen/03/19.md b/gen/03/19.md index a62bca063e..aa9a814377 100644 --- a/gen/03/19.md +++ b/gen/03/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "bread" is a synecdoche for food in general. Alternate translation # For dust you are, and to dust you will return "I made you from soil, so your body will become soil again." Translate both occurrences of "dust" with the same word in order to show that man begins and ends in the same condition. - diff --git a/gen/03/20.md b/gen/03/20.md index 5354e171d2..6e22a7300f 100644 --- a/gen/03/20.md +++ b/gen/03/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translators may write a footnote saying "The name Eve sounds like the Hebrew wor # all the living The word "living" refers to people. Alternate translation: "all people" or "all living people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/gen/03/21.md b/gen/03/21.md index a1453b6f82..a4dc1a7444 100644 --- a/gen/03/21.md +++ b/gen/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # garments of skins "clothing made out of animal skins" - diff --git a/gen/03/22.md b/gen/03/22.md index ab223ef5a2..5e44bfd8e2 100644 --- a/gen/03/22.md +++ b/gen/03/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not allow him" # tree of life "the tree that gives people life." See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). - diff --git a/gen/03/23.md b/gen/03/23.md index 8a062e7e26..6f63f7360b 100644 --- a/gen/03/23.md +++ b/gen/03/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to cultivate This means to what is needed so that plants grow well. See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:5](../02/05.md). - diff --git a/gen/03/24.md b/gen/03/24.md index 764265fff1..9dd04a39d4 100644 --- a/gen/03/24.md +++ b/gen/03/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # flaming sword Possible meanings are 1) a sword that had flames coming from it or 2) a fire that was shaped like a sword. Languages that do not have swords could use another weapon such as a spear or arrow. - diff --git a/gen/03/index.md b/gen/03/index.md index 12cbbfda5c..4d17a109aa 100644 --- a/gen/03/index.md +++ b/gen/03/index.md @@ -18,4 +18,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/adam]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve]] - diff --git a/gen/03/intro.md b/gen/03/intro.md index 1c189e8413..3c808ba431 100644 --- a/gen/03/intro.md +++ b/gen/03/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Genesis 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues the second creation account that began in Gen. 2:4. But a new section of this account begins in 3:1. The ULB reads, "Now the serpent was more shrewd than any other beast of the field which Yahweh God had made," because this is how the Scriptures introduce the serpent into the account. However, many languages prefer different ways to introduce new characters or things into stories, for example, "One of the wild animals made by God was the serpent" or "This is about the serpent, one of the wild animals that God had made." Scholars typically refer to the events of this chapter as "the fall" or "the fall of man" because sin is introduced into creation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Curses +### Curses In this chapter, God curses the man, the woman, and the serpent for their sins. In general, cursing is calling down God's punishment on someone or something. In this chapter, however, it is God himself who is doing the cursing. Of course, he does not call down punishment on the man, the woman, and the serpent from someone else. Instead, he is promising that he himself will punish them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) -#### Serpent +### Serpent + Most scholars believe that the serpent is Satan, even though his name is not used in this chapter. There are other places in Scripture where the serpent is used as an image for Satan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ Most scholars believe that the serpent is Satan, even though his name is not use * __[Genesis 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/04/01.md b/gen/04/01.md index 1b7352a3fd..8914e591c7 100644 --- a/gen/04/01.md +++ b/gen/04/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word for "man" typically describes an adult male, rather than a baby or chil # Cain Translators may want to include a footnote that says "The name Cain sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'produce.' Eve named him Cain because she produced him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/02.md b/gen/04/02.md index b4b632835a..d8db59444e 100644 --- a/gen/04/02.md +++ b/gen/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ We do not know how much time passed between the births of Cain and Abel. They ma # cultivated This means he did everything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well. See how "cultivate" is translated in [Genesis 2:5](../02/05.md). - diff --git a/gen/04/03.md b/gen/04/03.md index 72e528d7e0..bb6d2381d7 100644 --- a/gen/04/03.md +++ b/gen/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "after some time had passed" or 2) "at the right time" # fruit of the ground This refers to the food that came from plants he had tended. Alternate translation: "crops" or "harvest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/04.md b/gen/04/04.md index ce1bd93596..1b54792775 100644 --- a/gen/04/04.md +++ b/gen/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the fatty parts of the lambs that he had killed, it was the best # accepted "looked favorably upon" or "was pleased with" - diff --git a/gen/04/05.md b/gen/04/05.md index 73032def3e..92e23a202c 100644 --- a/gen/04/05.md +++ b/gen/04/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some languages have an idiom for anger such as "He burned" or "His anger burned. # he scowled This means that the expression on his face showed that he was angry or jealous. Some languages have an idiom that describes what a person's face looks like when he is angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/06.md b/gen/04/06.md index 9b84b1b1f9..07d2cbb1a1 100644 --- a/gen/04/06.md +++ b/gen/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why are you angry and why are you scowling? God used these rhetorical questions to tell Cain that he was wrong to be angry and scowl. They may also have been intended to give Cain an opportunity to confess that he was wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/07.md b/gen/04/07.md index ced0a2d88a..2a271adccf 100644 --- a/gen/04/07.md +++ b/gen/04/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Languages that do not have a noun that means "sin" could translate this as "your # you must rule over it Yahweh speaks of Cain's desire to sin as if it were a person over whom Cain should rule. Alternate translation: "you must control it so you do not sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/08.md b/gen/04/08.md index f18544d609..233ea07a4b 100644 --- a/gen/04/08.md +++ b/gen/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Abel was Cain's younger brother. Some languages may need to use the word for "yo # rose up against Standing up to fight against a person is an idiom for attacking him. Alternate translation: "attacked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/09.md b/gen/04/09.md index 9c4f515443..31fbe3e09d 100644 --- a/gen/04/09.md +++ b/gen/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God knew that Cain had killed Abel, but he asked Cain this question so that Cain # Am I my brother's keeper? Cain used this rhetorical question so that he would not have to tell the truth. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I am not my brother's keeper!" or "You know that taking care of my brother is not my job!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/10.md b/gen/04/10.md index 77e77b7753..ef13a033f6 100644 --- a/gen/04/10.md +++ b/gen/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God uses a rhetorical question to rebuke Cain. This can be translated as a state # Your brother's blood is calling out to me Abel's blood is a metonym for his death, as if it were a person calling out for God to punish Cain. Alternate translation: "Your brother's blood is like a person calling out to me to punish the person who killed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/11.md b/gen/04/11.md index 41c965bcfd..eec5464911 100644 --- a/gen/04/11.md +++ b/gen/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of the earth as if it were a person who could drink Abel's blood. Alt # from your hand Here Cain is represented by his "hand," to emphasize that he personally had killed his brother. Alternate translation: "that spilled when you killed him" or "from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/12.md b/gen/04/12.md index 2aaf406d6e..81659176b7 100644 --- a/gen/04/12.md +++ b/gen/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The ground is personified as if it were a person who loses strength. Alternate t # A fugitive and a wanderer You can join these words together. Alternate translation: "A homeless wanderer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/13.md b/gen/04/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/04/13.md +++ b/gen/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/04/14.md b/gen/04/14.md index e9cd7a4f25..9f4929b481 100644 --- a/gen/04/14.md +++ b/gen/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The term "your face" represents God's presence. Alternate translation: "I will n # a fugitive and a wanderer See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:12](../04/12.md) - diff --git a/gen/04/15.md b/gen/04/15.md index e57a53bfa9..d0b9b1417f 100644 --- a/gen/04/15.md +++ b/gen/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will take vengeance # would not attack him "would not kill Cain" - diff --git a/gen/04/16.md b/gen/04/16.md index bb21425c7f..d18b577256 100644 --- a/gen/04/16.md +++ b/gen/04/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Even though Yahweh is everywhere, this idiom speaks of Cain as though he went fa # Nod Translators may add a footnote saying "The word Nod means 'wandering.'" - diff --git a/gen/04/17.md b/gen/04/17.md index c4e4b437fa..2475336de2 100644 --- a/gen/04/17.md +++ b/gen/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that Cain had sexual relations with his wife. You # He built a city "Cain built a city" - diff --git a/gen/04/18.md b/gen/04/18.md index 2a73e37a47..0028938568 100644 --- a/gen/04/18.md +++ b/gen/04/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that Enoch grew up and married a woman. Alternate translation: "En # Irad This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/19.md b/gen/04/19.md index 1498c30f4a..3dee302705 100644 --- a/gen/04/19.md +++ b/gen/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Adah ... Zillah women's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/20.md b/gen/04/20.md index 06a44e5d75..33c86d9026 100644 --- a/gen/04/20.md +++ b/gen/04/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "He was the first person to live in a tent" or 2) "He a # who lived in tents who have livestock people who both live in tents and also take care of animals - diff --git a/gen/04/21.md b/gen/04/21.md index f0085bb61a..7a4af064f8 100644 --- a/gen/04/21.md +++ b/gen/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He was the father of those who play the harp and pipe Possible meanings are 1) "He was the first person to play the harp and pipe" or 2) "He and his descendants played the harp and pipe." - diff --git a/gen/04/22.md b/gen/04/22.md index 7e75e0c679..34bca45bf6 100644 --- a/gen/04/22.md +++ b/gen/04/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the name of a man (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # iron a very strong metal used to make tools and weapons. - diff --git a/gen/04/23.md b/gen/04/23.md index 08648cd635..72a0637655 100644 --- a/gen/04/23.md +++ b/gen/04/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Lamech said the same thing twice for emphasis. His voice is a synecdoche for his # a man for wounding me, a young man for bruising me Lamech killed only one person. These two phrases means the same thing and are repeated to emphasize the certainly of his action. Alternate translation: "a young man because he hurt me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/24.md b/gen/04/24.md index dba8655cc5..b514721378 100644 --- a/gen/04/24.md +++ b/gen/04/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whoever kills me, God # seventy-seven 77 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/25.md b/gen/04/25.md index 88f753bc42..021adc3f42 100644 --- a/gen/04/25.md +++ b/gen/04/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the reason that she named him Seth. This can be made explicit. Alternate # Seth Translators may add a footnote that says "This name sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'has given.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/26.md b/gen/04/26.md index 7623353b7d..714f01c25d 100644 --- a/gen/04/26.md +++ b/gen/04/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Seth's wife bore him a son" ( # to call on the name of Yahweh This is the first time people called God by the name Yahweh. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "to worship God by using the name Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/04/intro.md b/gen/04/intro.md index e517b272cc..7ea8c4b575 100644 --- a/gen/04/intro.md +++ b/gen/04/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Genesis 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Most of the text in this chapter is prose, but 4:23-24 is poetry. It would be good if the translator could put these two verses into poetic form, or at least into elegant speech, so that they are different from the rest of the chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Vengeance +### Vengeance The theme of vengeance is important in this chapter. Ancient Hebrew society allowed for people to seek revenge if a relative was murdered. After Cain murdered his brother Abel, he thought that he would be helpless against this danger because he had been driven away from God's protection. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]]) @@ -18,4 +18,3 @@ The theme of vengeance continues with the words of Lamech, who had killed someon * __[Genesis 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/05/01.md b/gen/05/01.md index 57cdeaa7ef..b7cefecc55 100644 --- a/gen/05/01.md +++ b/gen/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the beginning of the list of Adam's descendants. # in his own likeness This phrase means that God made mankind to be like him. This verse does not tell in what ways God made people to be like himself. God does not have a body, so it does not mean that people would look like God. See how "after our likeness" is translated in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md). Alternate translation: "to truly be like us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/02.md b/gen/05/02.md index 11480af49a..561e8c373c 100644 --- a/gen/05/02.md +++ b/gen/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when they were created This can be made active. Alternate translation: "when he created them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/03.md b/gen/05/03.md index fb3f33bbeb..8003e75daa 100644 --- a/gen/05/03.md +++ b/gen/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. They are used as a reminder that God made # Seth See how you translated this name in [Genesis 4:25](../04/25.md). - diff --git a/gen/05/04.md b/gen/05/04.md index fbf9f5bebc..544685b5b6 100644 --- a/gen/05/04.md +++ b/gen/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may write the numerals "800." (The ULB and the UDB use numerals if t # He became the father of more sons and daughters "He had more sons and daughters" - diff --git a/gen/05/05.md b/gen/05/05.md index ccc53394ac..570c67879f 100644 --- a/gen/05/05.md +++ b/gen/05/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase will be repeated throughout the chapter. Use the ordinary word for " # Adam lived 930 years "Adam lived nine hundred and thirty years." People used to live a very long time. Use your ordinary word for "years." Alternate translation: "Adam lived a total of 930 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/06.md b/gen/05/06.md index 51e4710fc4..10f3e6de6d 100644 --- a/gen/05/06.md +++ b/gen/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "father" means his actual father, not his grandfather. Alternate translatio # Enosh This is the name of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/07.md b/gen/05/07.md index 2949ba5936..bb4f859d5a 100644 --- a/gen/05/07.md +++ b/gen/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and became the father of more sons and daughters "and had more sons and daughters" - diff --git a/gen/05/08.md b/gen/05/08.md index 63792c3285..6c320f5e5c 100644 --- a/gen/05/08.md +++ b/gen/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # then he died This phrase is repeated throughout the chapter. Use the ordinary word for "died." - diff --git a/gen/05/09.md b/gen/05/09.md index 8c1ee0eb04..d0c2a96cb8 100644 --- a/gen/05/09.md +++ b/gen/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to # ninety years "90 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/10.md b/gen/05/10.md index 6e67ce7a6a..347ef7189e 100644 --- a/gen/05/10.md +++ b/gen/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 815 years "eight hundred and fifteen years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/11.md b/gen/05/11.md index e4f1a5d71d..a75443aa7f 100644 --- a/gen/05/11.md +++ b/gen/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 905 years "nine hundred and give years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/12.md b/gen/05/12.md index e6d35fc771..4366cc86b5 100644 --- a/gen/05/12.md +++ b/gen/05/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to # seventy years "70 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/13.md b/gen/05/13.md index 45b291c9e9..7f0af238e1 100644 --- a/gen/05/13.md +++ b/gen/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 840 years "eight hundred and forty years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/14.md b/gen/05/14.md index f8255f21a7..2667bc4794 100644 --- a/gen/05/14.md +++ b/gen/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 910 years "nine hundred and ten years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/15.md b/gen/05/15.md index 67208b850d..5710e787d5 100644 --- a/gen/05/15.md +++ b/gen/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/16.md b/gen/05/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/05/16.md +++ b/gen/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/05/17.md b/gen/05/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/05/17.md +++ b/gen/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/05/18.md b/gen/05/18.md index 67208b850d..5710e787d5 100644 --- a/gen/05/18.md +++ b/gen/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/19.md b/gen/05/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/05/19.md +++ b/gen/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/05/20.md b/gen/05/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/05/20.md +++ b/gen/05/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/05/21.md b/gen/05/21.md index f77ad1cc23..77fcf8c2cf 100644 --- a/gen/05/21.md +++ b/gen/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Methuselah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/22.md b/gen/05/22.md index 5f14b3ea51..fa46894218 100644 --- a/gen/05/22.md +++ b/gen/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To walk with someone is a metaphor for being in a close relationship with him. A # He became the father of more sons and daughters "He had more sons and daughters" - diff --git a/gen/05/23.md b/gen/05/23.md index 97675945e9..07e2496e3b 100644 --- a/gen/05/23.md +++ b/gen/05/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Enoch lived 365 years "Enoch lived three hundred and sixty-five years." Enoch lived a total of 365 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/24.md b/gen/05/24.md index 8bb394e76a..8775dda5eb 100644 --- a/gen/05/24.md +++ b/gen/05/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Enoch. He was no longer on earth. # for God took him This means that God took Enoch to be with himself (God). - diff --git a/gen/05/25.md b/gen/05/25.md index c1623d4b40..e6c8172fde 100644 --- a/gen/05/25.md +++ b/gen/05/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to # Lamech This Lamech is different from the Lamech in [Genesis 4:18](../04/18.md). - diff --git a/gen/05/26.md b/gen/05/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/05/26.md +++ b/gen/05/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/05/27.md b/gen/05/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/05/27.md +++ b/gen/05/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/05/28.md b/gen/05/28.md index e8175027ff..1bbe7cea33 100644 --- a/gen/05/28.md +++ b/gen/05/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # became the father of a son "had a son" - diff --git a/gen/05/29.md b/gen/05/29.md index 763811a637..e39a97cf5a 100644 --- a/gen/05/29.md +++ b/gen/05/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may want to add a footnote that says: "This name sounds like the Heb # from our work and from the painful labor of our hands Lamech says the same thing twice to emphasize how hard the work was. Alternate translation: "from working so hard with our hands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/30.md b/gen/05/30.md index 39276f3730..7203cb2597 100644 --- a/gen/05/30.md +++ b/gen/05/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 595 years "five hundred and ninety-five years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/31.md b/gen/05/31.md index 853537dcf9..cf3b87eaf4 100644 --- a/gen/05/31.md +++ b/gen/05/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lamech lived 777 years "Lamech lived seven hundred seventy-seven years." Lamech lived a total of 777 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/05/32.md b/gen/05/32.md index ff7bb6355f..a15c1ae92c 100644 --- a/gen/05/32.md +++ b/gen/05/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Shem, Ham, and Japheth These sons may not be listed in the order of their birth. There is disagreement about which one was the oldest. Avoid translating this in a way that implies that the list is in the order of their ages. - diff --git a/gen/05/index.md b/gen/05/index.md index 10afa31e6f..e5a1629702 100644 --- a/gen/05/index.md +++ b/gen/05/index.md @@ -10,4 +10,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/lamech]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/noah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shem]] - diff --git a/gen/05/intro.md b/gen/05/intro.md index f446d40a09..533e00d94c 100644 --- a/gen/05/intro.md +++ b/gen/05/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Genesis 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter provides the first of many lists of descendants in the Bible. This is not a simple list, because the author makes comments about each person. Translators should format this text in the way that is clearest in the project language. Many may choose to introduce each new person in a separate paragraph, as the ULB and UDB do. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter provides the first of many lists of descendants in the Bible. This * __[Genesis 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/06/01.md b/gen/06/01.md index 606c3548cf..8d6d47cf41 100644 --- a/gen/06/01.md +++ b/gen/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # daughters were born to them This can be active. Alternate translation: "the women bore daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/02.md b/gen/06/02.md index 0e7b6cf11c..f55e33a4a7 100644 --- a/gen/06/02.md +++ b/gen/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sons of God Translators could add a footnote saying: "It is not clear whether this refers to heavenly beings or human beings. In either case, they were beings that God created." Some believe these words refer to angels who rebelled against God, that is, evil spirits or demons. Others think this may refer to powerful political rulers, and others think this may refer to the descendants of Seth. - diff --git a/gen/06/03.md b/gen/06/03.md index 647eb9086f..9659d81891 100644 --- a/gen/06/03.md +++ b/gen/06/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that they have physical bodies that will one day die. # They will live 120 years "They will live one hundred and twenty years." Possible meanings are 1) the normal lifespan of people would decrease to 120 years. Alternate translation: "They will not live more than 120 years" or 2) in 120 years everyone would die. Alternate translation: "They will live only 120 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/04.md b/gen/06/04.md index 321adf9f26..2372ec4c1f 100644 --- a/gen/06/04.md +++ b/gen/06/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ men who are courageous and victorious in battle # men of renown "famous men" - diff --git a/gen/06/05.md b/gen/06/05.md index 21e82b4766..48a0f6a3c8 100644 --- a/gen/06/05.md +++ b/gen/06/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the thoughts of their hearts The writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that thinks. Your language may use a word other than "heart" to talk about the part of people that thinks. Alternate translation: "their inner, secret thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/06.md b/gen/06/06.md index ff195257fe..8c7c0bb753 100644 --- a/gen/06/06.md +++ b/gen/06/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it grieved him to his heart The writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that feels sadness. Your language may use a word other than "heart" to talk about the emotions. Alternate translation: "he was very, very sad about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/07.md b/gen/06/07.md index 94498023af..408fc30dee 100644 --- a/gen/06/07.md +++ b/gen/06/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some languages would need to translate this as two sentences. Alternate translat # wipe away "completely destroy." Here "wipe away" is used in a negative sense, for God is talking about destroying the people because of their sin. - diff --git a/gen/06/08.md b/gen/06/08.md index 4eee7deaab..3be0a8c6e5 100644 --- a/gen/06/08.md +++ b/gen/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Noah found favor in the eyes of Yahweh The phrase "found favor" is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "Yahweh looked favorably on Noah" or "Yahweh was pleased with Noah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/09.md b/gen/06/09.md index 8559b43c04..5865e956f3 100644 --- a/gen/06/09.md +++ b/gen/06/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins the story of Noah, which continues into chapter 9. # walked with God See how you translated this in [Genesis 5:21](../05/21.md). - diff --git a/gen/06/10.md b/gen/06/10.md index 0e7f766d12..c33445880e 100644 --- a/gen/06/10.md +++ b/gen/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Shem, Ham, and Japheth Translators may add the following footnote: "The sons are not listed in the order in which they were born." - diff --git a/gen/06/11.md b/gen/06/11.md index 80b78e57a4..4702590c05 100644 --- a/gen/06/11.md +++ b/gen/06/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "in God's sight" or 2) "in the presence of Yahweh" as i # and it was filled with violence The writer speaks of violence as if it were something that could be put into a container and of the earth as a container. Alternate translation: "and there were very many violent people on the earth" or "because it was full of people who did evil things to each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/12.md b/gen/06/12.md index 3c64dcf2e4..f6d6c6e2e4 100644 --- a/gen/06/12.md +++ b/gen/06/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings for what "all flesh" represents are 1) all human beings or 2) # had corrupted their way How a person behaves is spoken of as if it were a way or road. Alternate translation: "had stopped living the way God wanted" or "had behaved in an evil way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/13.md b/gen/06/13.md index fc6eeb1a38..519043184e 100644 --- a/gen/06/13.md +++ b/gen/06/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). # I will destroy them with the earth "I will destroy both them and the earth" or "I will destroy them when I destroy the earth" - diff --git a/gen/06/14.md b/gen/06/14.md index 0e0a8bb2ca..9681e1f88d 100644 --- a/gen/06/14.md +++ b/gen/06/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The reason for doing this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "spread p # pitch This is a thick, sticky or oily liquid that people put on the outside of a boat to stop water from going through gaps in the wood into the boat. - diff --git a/gen/06/15.md b/gen/06/15.md index caaa753fa2..4952d7f3fe 100644 --- a/gen/06/15.md +++ b/gen/06/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A cubit was a unit of measure, a little less than half a meter long. (See: [[rc: # thirty cubits "fourteen meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/16.md b/gen/06/16.md index d9b28ecac3..17d38ef178 100644 --- a/gen/06/16.md +++ b/gen/06/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A cubit was a little less than half a meter long. See how you translated this in # deck "floor" or "level" - diff --git a/gen/06/17.md b/gen/06/17.md index c974325dcd..8a7e056bee 100644 --- a/gen/06/17.md +++ b/gen/06/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "flesh" represents all physical beings, including humans and animals. (See: # that has in it the breath of life Here "breath" represents life. Alternate translation: "that lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/18.md b/gen/06/18.md index c27cb65f3e..c6ae4df0e5 100644 --- a/gen/06/18.md +++ b/gen/06/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ with Noah # You will come into the ark "You will enter the ark." Some translations say "You will go into the ark." - diff --git a/gen/06/19.md b/gen/06/19.md index 905e1f9a66..4b9c677ede 100644 --- a/gen/06/19.md +++ b/gen/06/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ an animal God created # all flesh See how you translated these words in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). - diff --git a/gen/06/20.md b/gen/06/20.md index 099a6d03dd..fea8995725 100644 --- a/gen/06/20.md +++ b/gen/06/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to Noah and so is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # to keep them alive "so you can keep them alive" - diff --git a/gen/06/21.md b/gen/06/21.md index 4b7b594e27..663428d1d2 100644 --- a/gen/06/21.md +++ b/gen/06/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These refer to Noah and are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # food that is eaten "food that people and animals eat" - diff --git a/gen/06/22.md b/gen/06/22.md index bf704b7827..b1c39b0074 100644 --- a/gen/06/22.md +++ b/gen/06/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Noah did this. According to all that God commanded him, so he did These two sentences mean the same thing. The second sentence explains the first and emphasizes that Noah obeyed God. These parallel sentences can be combined into one. Alternate translation: "So Noah did everything that God commanded him to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/gen/06/index.md b/gen/06/index.md index cbf8de6f5e..aaf64e4692 100644 --- a/gen/06/index.md +++ b/gen/06/index.md @@ -22,4 +22,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/japheth]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/noah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shem]] - diff --git a/gen/06/intro.md b/gen/06/intro.md index 8bf11b7148..7252f0302c 100644 --- a/gen/06/intro.md +++ b/gen/06/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Genesis 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Beginning in 6:22, the author gives statements summarizing events he tells about again in the text that follows. In the next chapter, the author sometimes gives summary statements that introduce events for the first time. If these statements, and the surrounding events, are not carefully translated, readers can believe that the same events happened twice or three times instead of only one time. Translators should be careful not to give this impression. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Beginning in 6:22, the author gives statements summarizing events he tells about * __[Genesis 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/07/01.md b/gen/07/01.md index 048b5c14ba..019842c5a7 100644 --- a/gen/07/01.md +++ b/gen/07/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means that God saw Noah as righteous. # in this generation This refers to all the people who were living at that time. Alternate translation: "among all the people who are now living" - diff --git a/gen/07/02.md b/gen/07/02.md index ab42375ec4..347e6f2aa3 100644 --- a/gen/07/02.md +++ b/gen/07/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was an animal that God allowed his people to eat and to sacrifice. # animals that are not clean These were animals that God did not allow people to eat or to sacrifice. - diff --git a/gen/07/03.md b/gen/07/03.md index eb3e571e52..3b7beffd5f 100644 --- a/gen/07/03.md +++ b/gen/07/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to keep their offspring alive "so that they will have offspring that will live" or "so that, after the flood, animals will continue to live" - diff --git a/gen/07/04.md b/gen/07/04.md index 16d907140d..ac9243c4f1 100644 --- a/gen/07/04.md +++ b/gen/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a full forty days. It was not a total of eighty days. Alternate transla # living This refers to physical life. - diff --git a/gen/07/05.md b/gen/07/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/07/05.md +++ b/gen/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/07/06.md b/gen/07/06.md index 2e121b31d9..86afc35efe 100644 --- a/gen/07/06.md +++ b/gen/07/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went in # came upon the earth "happened" or "came on the earth" - diff --git a/gen/07/07.md b/gen/07/07.md index b4fdf567fa..047ebe076e 100644 --- a/gen/07/07.md +++ b/gen/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of the waters of the flood "because of the flood that would come" or "to escape the flood water" - diff --git a/gen/07/08.md b/gen/07/08.md index 485e25729c..e37b957454 100644 --- a/gen/07/08.md +++ b/gen/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were animals that God allowed people to eat and to give to him as sacrific # unclean animals These were animals that God did not allow people to eat or to give to him as sacrifices. - diff --git a/gen/07/09.md b/gen/07/09.md index a091c4f8d7..b94a111d89 100644 --- a/gen/07/09.md +++ b/gen/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # two by two The animals entered the boat in pairs of one male and one female. - diff --git a/gen/07/10.md b/gen/07/10.md index 0034168b0b..df382b4b72 100644 --- a/gen/07/10.md +++ b/gen/07/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story: the start of t # the waters of the flood came upon the earth The implicit information, "it started to rain" can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "it started to rain and the waters of the flood came upon the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/07/11.md b/gen/07/11.md index cb78059040..0305a1eeb0 100644 --- a/gen/07/11.md +++ b/gen/07/11.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This refers to the sea that was thought to be under the earth. # the windows of heaven were opened This refers to rain. It describes the sky as a ceiling that keeps the waters above it from falling down to the earth. When the windows, or doors, in the sky were opened, the water came down through them. Alternate translation: "the sky opened" or "the doors in the sky opened" - diff --git a/gen/07/12.md b/gen/07/12.md index 2e4e81b527..0e6c630337 100644 --- a/gen/07/12.md +++ b/gen/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rain If your language has a word for a great amount of rain, it would be appropriate here. - diff --git a/gen/07/13.md b/gen/07/13.md index 8ea9a36833..395aa66e40 100644 --- a/gen/07/13.md +++ b/gen/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went in # On that very same day "On that exact day." This refers to the day that the rain started. Verses 13-16 tell what Noah did immediately before the rain began. - diff --git a/gen/07/14.md b/gen/07/14.md index 156b276015..945eded5e6 100644 --- a/gen/07/14.md +++ b/gen/07/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to animals that crawl on the ground, like rodents, insects, lizards, # according to its kind "so that each kind of animal will produce more of its own kind." See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:24](../01/24.md). - diff --git a/gen/07/15.md b/gen/07/15.md index 5dca363424..6d77e91eaf 100644 --- a/gen/07/15.md +++ b/gen/07/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "came" can be translated as "went." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go] # of all flesh Here "flesh" represents animals. Alternate translation: "of every kind of animal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/07/16.md b/gen/07/16.md index b29dfcea69..cb938b5000 100644 --- a/gen/07/16.md +++ b/gen/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after them The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "after they entered the ark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/07/17.md b/gen/07/17.md index 9daab6339a..9b003af36b 100644 --- a/gen/07/17.md +++ b/gen/07/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went in # raised it above the earth "causes the ark to rise up high over the ground" or "he ark floated on top of the deep water" - diff --git a/gen/07/18.md b/gen/07/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/07/18.md +++ b/gen/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/07/19.md b/gen/07/19.md index 9c15064e82..c33bb66784 100644 --- a/gen/07/19.md +++ b/gen/07/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The waters rose greatly on the earth "The water totally overwhelmed the earth" - diff --git a/gen/07/20.md b/gen/07/20.md index 21fcab453c..4564de5a6f 100644 --- a/gen/07/20.md +++ b/gen/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fifteen cubits "six meters." See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:15](../06/15.md). - diff --git a/gen/07/21.md b/gen/07/21.md index 7bbbf1fbb5..5d8e5a6e80 100644 --- a/gen/07/21.md +++ b/gen/07/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the living creatures that lived in great numbers upon the earth This refers to all the animals that move around on the ground in large groups. - diff --git a/gen/07/22.md b/gen/07/22.md index b3221a90f1..004bab9ef3 100644 --- a/gen/07/22.md +++ b/gen/07/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "noses" represent the whole animal or human. Alternate translation: "everyo # the breath of life The words "breath" and "life" represent the power that causes people and animals to be alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/07/23.md b/gen/07/23.md index f44c26127a..d2274f62d4 100644 --- a/gen/07/23.md +++ b/gen/07/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God destroyed them al # were left "remained" or "lived" or "remained alive" - diff --git a/gen/07/24.md b/gen/07/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/07/24.md +++ b/gen/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/07/index.md b/gen/07/index.md index 26fd5f7212..0caf803088 100644 --- a/gen/07/index.md +++ b/gen/07/index.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/japheth]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/noah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shem]] - diff --git a/gen/07/intro.md b/gen/07/intro.md index 66c84b60d3..adb130cf80 100644 --- a/gen/07/intro.md +++ b/gen/07/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Genesis 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter, the author continues his pattern of statements that summarize events already described, and of repeating events that have already happened. Again, careful translation is necessary so that readers do not think that the same events happened more than one time in the story. Special attention in this regard should be given to 7:5,10,13, and 17. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Clean animals and birds +### Clean animals and birds Noah sacrificed to Yahweh some of the "clean" animals and birds that he had with him (8:20). These were animals and birds that the Hebrew people would later consider to be fit to eat and to sacrifice to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) -#### Water underneath and over the earth +### Water underneath and over the earth The flood is presented as occurring because of rain pouring out of the sky and because of seawater rising from under the earth. This is because the ancient Hebrews pictured the earth as resting on top of the sea. They also pictured the sky as containing water above the earth that poured down through windows in the sky when God allowed it to rain. Translators should not try to change this picture in order to suit what readers believe about the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ The flood is presented as occurring because of rain pouring out of the sky and b * __[Genesis 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/08/01.md b/gen/08/01.md index 510f242b07..e3da6f3ca5 100644 --- a/gen/08/01.md +++ b/gen/08/01.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ # God remembered Noah -This does not mean that God had forgotten about Noah and suddenly remembered him. The words "God remembered Noah" mean that God was now going to help Noah after the flood. Alternate translation: "God had not forgotten Noah" or "God thought of Noah" or "God decided to help Noah" +This does not mean that God had forgotten about Noah and suddenly remembered him. The words "God remembered Noah" mean that God was now going to help Noah after the flood. Alternate translation: "God had not forgotten Noah" or "God thought of Noah" or "God decided to help Noah" # ark This refers to a very large box that would be able to float on water even in a very bad storm. See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:14](../06/14.md). Alternate translation: "a large boat" or "a ship" or "a barge" - diff --git a/gen/08/02.md b/gen/08/02.md index 024de56569..128e46d78d 100644 --- a/gen/08/02.md +++ b/gen/08/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the windows of heaven were closed This refers to the rain stopping. It describes the sky as a ceiling that keeps the waters above it from falling down to the earth. When the windows, or doors, in the sky were closed, the water stopped coming through them. See how "the windows of heaven" is translated in [Genesis 7:11](../07/11.md). Alternate translation: "the sky closed" or "the doors in the sky closed" - diff --git a/gen/08/03.md b/gen/08/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/08/03.md +++ b/gen/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/08/04.md b/gen/08/04.md index 63933978af..19b564b6d2 100644 --- a/gen/08/04.md +++ b/gen/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month Because Moses wrote this book, it is possible he is referring to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar, but this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/gen/08/05.md b/gen/08/05.md index 9369715741..29be2ebc1a 100644 --- a/gen/08/05.md +++ b/gen/08/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Because Moses wrote this book, it is possible he is referring to the tenth month # appeared This can be made more explicit: "appeared above the surface of the water." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/08/06.md b/gen/08/06.md index 9fd8dc6892..0c4960fc9a 100644 --- a/gen/08/06.md +++ b/gen/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # It came about ... the window of the ark which he had made The phrase "which he had made" tells about the window. Some languages may need to make this phrase a separate sentence: "Noah had made a window in the boat. It came about after forty days that he opened the window" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/gen/08/07.md b/gen/08/07.md index 7fb19936ea..b4d27902eb 100644 --- a/gen/08/07.md +++ b/gen/08/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the raven kept leaving the boat and returning. # until the waters were dried up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until the wind dried up the waters" or "until the waters dried up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/08/08.md b/gen/08/08.md index e047eb3a20..d068469eff 100644 --- a/gen/08/08.md +++ b/gen/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he sent out a dove If you use masculine pronouns for the word "dove," you may need to insert Noah's name here to avoid confusion: "Noah sent out a dove." - diff --git a/gen/08/09.md b/gen/08/09.md index ad9386ba49..6d9c7a0ee5 100644 --- a/gen/08/09.md +++ b/gen/08/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "dove" is feminine in the author's language. You could translate these # he ... him If you use masculine pronouns for the word "dove," you may need to insert Noah's name here to avoid confusion: "Noah sent out a dove," "Noah stretched forth his hand," etc. - diff --git a/gen/08/10.md b/gen/08/10.md index fe7c795e08..9ab72d5e71 100644 --- a/gen/08/10.md +++ b/gen/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He waited another seven days "He again waited for seven days" - diff --git a/gen/08/11.md b/gen/08/11.md index 276f6d13fe..5b659dd9f6 100644 --- a/gen/08/11.md +++ b/gen/08/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # plucked "broken off" - diff --git a/gen/08/12.md b/gen/08/12.md index b2ce1734e5..a519617f1e 100644 --- a/gen/08/12.md +++ b/gen/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She did not return again to him If people would not understand, you could state the reason explicitly: "She did not return again to him because she found a place to land." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/08/13.md b/gen/08/13.md index bd7d5ee185..63ecb48437 100644 --- a/gen/08/13.md +++ b/gen/08/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to a cover that kept the rain water from going into the ark. # behold The word "behold" tells us to pay attention to the important information that comes next. - diff --git a/gen/08/14.md b/gen/08/14.md index 6eceddece5..95d44d783b 100644 --- a/gen/08/14.md +++ b/gen/08/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the earth was dry "the ground was completely dry" - diff --git a/gen/08/15.md b/gen/08/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/08/15.md +++ b/gen/08/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/08/16.md b/gen/08/16.md index c06eed6b04..8677a95042 100644 --- a/gen/08/16.md +++ b/gen/08/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Go out of "Leave." Some translations read "Come out." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/gen/08/17.md b/gen/08/17.md index 3809142fde..088d5fbed7 100644 --- a/gen/08/17.md +++ b/gen/08/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # be fruitful and multiply This is an idiom. See how this is translated in [Genesis 1:28](../01/28.md). God wanted the humans and animals to reproduce, so there would be many of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/08/18.md b/gen/08/18.md index 8cb385b604..80e47b4afe 100644 --- a/gen/08/18.md +++ b/gen/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Noah went out Some translations read "Noah came out." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/gen/08/19.md b/gen/08/19.md index 82bb0ab58e..11697e5f1f 100644 --- a/gen/08/19.md +++ b/gen/08/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # according to their families "in groups of their own kinds" - diff --git a/gen/08/20.md b/gen/08/20.md index 62a46e4bae..e14f9e0cd6 100644 --- a/gen/08/20.md +++ b/gen/08/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "clean" means that God allowed these animals to be used in sacrifice. Some # offered burnt offerings Noah killed the animals and then completely burned them up as an offering to God. Alternate translation: "burned the animals as offerings to Yahweh" - diff --git a/gen/08/21.md b/gen/08/21.md index 3d89472a6e..6580b78ebb 100644 --- a/gen/08/21.md +++ b/gen/08/21.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here the word "hearts" refers to people's thoughts, emotions, desires, and will. # from childhood This refers to an older child. Alternate translation: "from their youth" - diff --git a/gen/08/22.md b/gen/08/22.md index 945953cdf7..0cfc81b17e 100644 --- a/gen/08/22.md +++ b/gen/08/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ the cool, wet or snowy time of the year # will not cease "will continue" - diff --git a/gen/08/index.md b/gen/08/index.md index ab00299711..62cd7322b2 100644 --- a/gen/08/index.md +++ b/gen/08/index.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/sacrifice]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/ararat]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/noah]] - diff --git a/gen/08/intro.md b/gen/08/intro.md index 9229e61c20..29ba5f95ab 100644 --- a/gen/08/intro.md +++ b/gen/08/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Genesis 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 8:22, which is part of what Yahweh was telling Noah. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Flood waters -The waters receded after this great flood. Because there was so much water, and it came from God, it is described in a unique way. +### Flood waters + +The waters receded after this great flood. Because there was so much water, and it came from God, it is described in a unique way. + +### The mountains of Ararat -#### The mountains of Ararat It is unclear where Ararat was located. Many people believe it is located in the modern country of Turkey. ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ It is unclear where Ararat was located. Many people believe it is located in the * __[Genesis 08 01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/09/01.md b/gen/09/01.md index 7f158ce97a..72c1af801a 100644 --- a/gen/09/01.md +++ b/gen/09/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth This is God's blessing. He told Noah and his family to produce more humans like themselves, so that there would be many of them. The word "multiply" explains how they are to be "fruitful." See how you translated these commands in [Genesis 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/09/02.md b/gen/09/02.md index c64aee1b64..935a3a8996 100644 --- a/gen/09/02.md +++ b/gen/09/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This includes all types of small animals. See how you translated this in [Genesi # They are given into your hand The hand represents control. This can be made active. Alternate translation: "They are given into your control" or "I have put them under your control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/09/03.md b/gen/09/03.md index 34b9d60d23..67ef9b2240 100644 --- a/gen/09/03.md +++ b/gen/09/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. - diff --git a/gen/09/04.md b/gen/09/04.md index 973a2179ef..32464fb7b5 100644 --- a/gen/09/04.md +++ b/gen/09/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # life ... blood Translators may add a footnote such as this: "The blood is a symbol for life." They may also add a footnote that says something like this: "God was commanding people not to eat meat while the blood was still in it. They had to drain out the blood first." - diff --git a/gen/09/05.md b/gen/09/05.md index f826795bb7..cda79f44bf 100644 --- a/gen/09/05.md +++ b/gen/09/05.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ This phrase refers to the person in a very personal way. Alternate translation: # brother Here "brother" is used as a general reference to relatives, such as members of the same tribe, clan, or people group. - diff --git a/gen/09/06.md b/gen/09/06.md index 3ec02a8bd3..7d77b93a6d 100644 --- a/gen/09/06.md +++ b/gen/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The shedding of blood is a metaphor for killing someone. This means that if a pe # for it was in the image of God that he made man "because God made people to be like him" or "because I made people in my own image" - diff --git a/gen/09/07.md b/gen/09/07.md index 0e3d754d6e..15ca7178ae 100644 --- a/gen/09/07.md +++ b/gen/09/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # be fruitful and multiply This is God's blessing. He told Noah and his family to produce more humans like themselves, so that there would be many of them. The word "multiply" explains how they are to be "fruitful." See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/09/08.md b/gen/09/08.md index c7209a5e04..5171207b83 100644 --- a/gen/09/08.md +++ b/gen/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then God spoke to Noah and to his sons with him God was already speaking to them. This phrase marks a change in what God was going to speak about. Alternate translation: "God continued speaking to Noah and his sons" or "Then God went on to say" - diff --git a/gen/09/09.md b/gen/09/09.md index 781af1e435..dd13513f13 100644 --- a/gen/09/09.md +++ b/gen/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used in English to mark the change from God talking about what No # confirm my covenant with you "make a covenant between you and me." See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:18](../06/18.md). - diff --git a/gen/09/10.md b/gen/09/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/09/10.md +++ b/gen/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/09/11.md b/gen/09/11.md index cd832cddf1..9d3ab440c8 100644 --- a/gen/09/11.md +++ b/gen/09/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings for what "all flesh" represents are 1) all human beings or 2) # Never again will there be a flood to destroy the earth "There will never again be a flood that destroys the earth." There would be floods, but they would not destroy the whole earth. - diff --git a/gen/09/12.md b/gen/09/12.md index 79591dcb77..ca1266309c 100644 --- a/gen/09/12.md +++ b/gen/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means a reminder of something that was promised. # covenant ... for all future generations The covenant applies to Noah and his family and also to all generations that follow. - diff --git a/gen/09/13.md b/gen/09/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/09/13.md +++ b/gen/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/09/14.md b/gen/09/14.md index 4d19f3af0f..822d95e966 100644 --- a/gen/09/14.md +++ b/gen/09/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is not clear who will see the rainbow, but because the covenant is between Ya # rainbow the colorful strip of light that appears in the rain when the sun shines from behind the viewer - diff --git a/gen/09/15.md b/gen/09/15.md index 03bf8ff568..9d6fd07424 100644 --- a/gen/09/15.md +++ b/gen/09/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "you" is plural. God was speaking to Noah and Noah's sons. # all flesh Possible meanings for what "all flesh" represents are 1) all human beings or 2) all physical beings, including humans and animal. See how this is translated in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/09/16.md b/gen/09/16.md index 9466611bee..e1b4762766 100644 --- a/gen/09/16.md +++ b/gen/09/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God is speaking here. Alternate translation: "between me and every living creatu # every living creature of all flesh "every kind of living being." See how you translated this in [Genesis 9:15](../09/15.md). - diff --git a/gen/09/17.md b/gen/09/17.md index 9379015b0d..9a83e039ba 100644 --- a/gen/09/17.md +++ b/gen/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then God said to Noah God was already talking to Noah. This phrase marks the final part of what God was saying. Alternate translation: "God finished by saying to Noah" or "So God said to Noah" - diff --git a/gen/09/18.md b/gen/09/18.md index fa049f1bb7..0c7a71876c 100644 --- a/gen/09/18.md +++ b/gen/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verses 18-19 introduce the three sons of Noah, who will be an important part of # father Ham was Canaan's true father. - diff --git a/gen/09/19.md b/gen/09/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/09/19.md +++ b/gen/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/09/20.md b/gen/09/20.md index cada5c534c..e956156ea6 100644 --- a/gen/09/20.md +++ b/gen/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # man of the soil person who raises plants for food - diff --git a/gen/09/21.md b/gen/09/21.md index 9f92d018c4..d2a3fa8614 100644 --- a/gen/09/21.md +++ b/gen/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # uncovered The text does not specify how much of Noah's body was uncovered as he lay drunk. His sons' reactions show us that it was shameful. - diff --git a/gen/09/22.md b/gen/09/22.md index 5ea0250b0c..c6b41864d5 100644 --- a/gen/09/22.md +++ b/gen/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his father This refers to Noah. - diff --git a/gen/09/23.md b/gen/09/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/09/23.md +++ b/gen/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/09/24.md b/gen/09/24.md index c9a5a1b625..69e79fa1ea 100644 --- a/gen/09/24.md +++ b/gen/09/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ He awoke after drinking wine and becoming drunk. He "became sober." # his youngest son This refers to Ham. Alternate translation: "his youngest son, Ham" - diff --git a/gen/09/25.md b/gen/09/25.md index 14edff145a..3381df8e30 100644 --- a/gen/09/25.md +++ b/gen/09/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was one of Ham's sons. Alternate translation: "Ham's son Canaan" # his brothers This could refer either to Canaan's brothers or to his relatives in general. - diff --git a/gen/09/26.md b/gen/09/26.md index 115fbecf94..ee63223350 100644 --- a/gen/09/26.md +++ b/gen/09/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ If you can, format these verses as they are formatted here to show your readers # May Yahweh, the God of Shem, be blessed "Praised be Yahweh, the God of Shem," or "Yahweh, the God of Shem, is worthy of praise" or "I praise Yahweh, the God of Shem" - diff --git a/gen/09/27.md b/gen/09/27.md index d7238ea3ba..62a53d01bd 100644 --- a/gen/09/27.md +++ b/gen/09/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "May God make Japheth's territory larger" or 2) "May Go # May Canaan be his servant "Let Canaan be Japheth's servant." This includes Canaan's and Japheth's descendants. - diff --git a/gen/09/28.md b/gen/09/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/09/28.md +++ b/gen/09/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/09/29.md b/gen/09/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/09/29.md +++ b/gen/09/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/09/index.md b/gen/09/index.md index 5b91abf873..9f834944e3 100644 --- a/gen/09/index.md +++ b/gen/09/index.md @@ -28,4 +28,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/japheth]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/noah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shem]] - diff --git a/gen/09/intro.md b/gen/09/intro.md index dd71ae358f..1a158de9a6 100644 --- a/gen/09/intro.md +++ b/gen/09/intro.md @@ -1,33 +1,37 @@ # Genesis 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers or songs. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of 9:6-7, which is the poetic part of the quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. They also set apart 9:25-27, which contains two quotations. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 9:6 and 9:25-27. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Man's relationship to animals -#### Man's relationship to animals There is a noticeable shift in man's relationship with the animals on the earth. Before the flood, there apparently was harmony between man and the animals. After the flood, the animals fear man and man is permitted to eat the animals, something he was not allowed to do previously. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Life in the blood +### Life in the blood + This chapter introduces the concept that there is life in the blood of an animal and in man. In Hebrew thought, blood represents the life present in a living thing. This is an image used throughout Scripture. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]]) -#### Covenant with Noah +### Covenant with Noah + God made a covenant with Noah. This covenant was an unconditional promise God made to never destroy the whole world with a flood. Rainbows are a perpetual sign of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -#### A father's nakedness +### A father's nakedness + In Noah's culture, it was unacceptable to see a father's nakedness. It was wrong for Ham to show his brothers their father's nakedness. Ham's actions were insulting or disrespectful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth" -This is a command that God gives. He expects Noah to obey him. +### "Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth" + +This is a command that God gives. He expects Noah to obey him. ## Links: * __[Genesis 09 01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/10/01.md b/gen/10/01.md index 30af21c06d..16233a6452 100644 --- a/gen/10/01.md +++ b/gen/10/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These were the descendants of the sons of Noah "This is the account of Noah's sons." This sentence introduces the account of Noah's descendants in Genesis 10:1-11:9. - diff --git a/gen/10/02.md b/gen/10/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/02.md +++ b/gen/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/03.md b/gen/10/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/03.md +++ b/gen/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/04.md b/gen/10/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/04.md +++ b/gen/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/05.md b/gen/10/05.md index b4c676ef50..269d3e7456 100644 --- a/gen/10/05.md +++ b/gen/10/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to people who lived along the coast and on the islands. # every one with its own language "Each people group spoke its own language" or "The people groups divided themselves according to their languages" - diff --git a/gen/10/06.md b/gen/10/06.md index 1fc9c25a4e..5255a21926 100644 --- a/gen/10/06.md +++ b/gen/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mizraim Mizraim is the Hebrew name for "Egypt." - diff --git a/gen/10/07.md b/gen/10/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/07.md +++ b/gen/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/08.md b/gen/10/08.md index 45d1e3e16f..0899aea637 100644 --- a/gen/10/08.md +++ b/gen/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # mighty one Possible meanings are 1) "mighty warrior" or 2) "mighty man" or 3) "powerful ruler." - diff --git a/gen/10/09.md b/gen/10/09.md index 5d9d744a50..e533fd3145 100644 --- a/gen/10/09.md +++ b/gen/10/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "in Yahweh's sight" or 2) "with Yahweh's help" # That is why it is said This introduces a proverb. Your language may introduce proverbs and sayings in a different way. Alternate translation: "This is the reason people say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]]) - diff --git a/gen/10/10.md b/gen/10/10.md index ec39ea2726..2d4b46201d 100644 --- a/gen/10/10.md +++ b/gen/10/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The first centers Possible meanings are 1) the first centers he developed or 2) the important cities. - diff --git a/gen/10/11.md b/gen/10/11.md index c2bae8d09d..02204aab6e 100644 --- a/gen/10/11.md +++ b/gen/10/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he went to Assyria "Nimrod went into Assyria" - diff --git a/gen/10/12.md b/gen/10/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/12.md +++ b/gen/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/13.md b/gen/10/13.md index ac1079f753..7714586fff 100644 --- a/gen/10/13.md +++ b/gen/10/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The list of Noah's descendants continues. # Mizraim Mizraim was one of Ham's sons. His descendants became the people of Egypt. Mizraim is the Hebrew name for Egypt. - diff --git a/gen/10/14.md b/gen/10/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/14.md +++ b/gen/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/15.md b/gen/10/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/15.md +++ b/gen/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/16.md b/gen/10/16.md index 7dbfd483e9..b3e7b56845 100644 --- a/gen/10/16.md +++ b/gen/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jebusites ... Amorites ... Girgashites These names refer to larger groups of people that descended from Canaan. - diff --git a/gen/10/17.md b/gen/10/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/17.md +++ b/gen/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/18.md b/gen/10/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/18.md +++ b/gen/10/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/19.md b/gen/10/19.md index 6403f43b89..747ad1e193 100644 --- a/gen/10/19.md +++ b/gen/10/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The direction south can be stated explicitly if needed. Alternate translation: " # as one goes toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboyim, as far as Lasha The direction "east" or "inland" can be stated explicitly if needed. Alternate translation: "then east toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboyim towns, as far as Lasha" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/10/20.md b/gen/10/20.md index 5f68aeb64b..2b6b76d768 100644 --- a/gen/10/20.md +++ b/gen/10/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "these" refers to the people and people groups who were listed in verse # in their lands "in their homelands" - diff --git a/gen/10/21.md b/gen/10/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/21.md +++ b/gen/10/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/22.md b/gen/10/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/22.md +++ b/gen/10/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/23.md b/gen/10/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/23.md +++ b/gen/10/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/24.md b/gen/10/24.md index 18d08594d7..27ba04d503 100644 --- a/gen/10/24.md +++ b/gen/10/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Arphaxad Arphaxad was one of Shem's sons. - diff --git a/gen/10/25.md b/gen/10/25.md index df1699cce8..5591c3bbe5 100644 --- a/gen/10/25.md +++ b/gen/10/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote note that says: "The name Peleg means 'division.' # the earth was divided This can be made active. Alternate translation: "the people of the earth divided themselves" or "the people of the earth separated from one another" or "God divided the people of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/10/26.md b/gen/10/26.md index 7169509d8c..a9fe33052f 100644 --- a/gen/10/26.md +++ b/gen/10/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joktan Joktan was one of Eber's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/10/27.md b/gen/10/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/27.md +++ b/gen/10/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/28.md b/gen/10/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/10/28.md +++ b/gen/10/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/10/29.md b/gen/10/29.md index 7402c5dafc..0e9cff2f4e 100644 --- a/gen/10/29.md +++ b/gen/10/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All these "These" here refers to the sons of Joktan. - diff --git a/gen/10/30.md b/gen/10/30.md index 9623324495..3023757ba2 100644 --- a/gen/10/30.md +++ b/gen/10/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their territory "The land they controlled" or "The land they lived in" - diff --git a/gen/10/31.md b/gen/10/31.md index d06075827f..7a9531d649 100644 --- a/gen/10/31.md +++ b/gen/10/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These were the sons of Shem The word "these" refers to the descendants of Shem ([Genesis 10:21-29](./21.md)). - diff --git a/gen/10/32.md b/gen/10/32.md index 73e0e56664..20b73da246 100644 --- a/gen/10/32.md +++ b/gen/10/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers back to all the people listed in [Genesis 10:1-31](./01.md). # after the flood This can be stated clearly or more explicitly. Alternate translation: "after the flood destroyed the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/10/index.md b/gen/10/index.md index e5d38ad580..1a013d7f63 100644 --- a/gen/10/index.md +++ b/gen/10/index.md @@ -26,4 +26,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sodom]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/tarshish]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/tubal]] - diff --git a/gen/10/intro.md b/gen/10/intro.md index 4d793ac7be..19429e337f 100644 --- a/gen/10/intro.md +++ b/gen/10/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Genesis 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter begins a genealogical record. It also records the location of ancient people groups. +This chapter begins a genealogical record. It also records the location of ancient people groups. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Assyria and Nineveh -#### Assyria and Nineveh While these places may be located in the same area as the Assyria mentioned later in Scripture, they are not the same kingdom. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Sons were born to" -#### "Sons were born to" This is an unusual phrase meaning "were sons of." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ This is an unusual phrase meaning "were sons of." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fig * __[Genesis 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/11/01.md b/gen/11/01.md index 9453f412bd..a5f9ec0e34 100644 --- a/gen/11/01.md +++ b/gen/11/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents all the people on the earth. Alternate translation: "all the peo # used one language and had the same words These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that all people spoke the same language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/02.md b/gen/11/02.md index 7cdcb0ceaf..6a3a7220b9 100644 --- a/gen/11/02.md +++ b/gen/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "in the east" or 2) "from the east" or 3) "to the east. # settled stopped moving from one place to another and began to live at one location - diff --git a/gen/11/03.md b/gen/11/03.md index 40f632e0c6..61fff2b4e7 100644 --- a/gen/11/03.md +++ b/gen/11/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a thick, sticky, black liquid that comes up from the ground # mortar This is a thick substance made of lime powder, clay, sand, and water used to make stones or bricks stick together. - diff --git a/gen/11/04.md b/gen/11/04.md index 5b9931b731..5e4e1e6930 100644 --- a/gen/11/04.md +++ b/gen/11/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ reputation # we will be scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we will separate from each other and live in different places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/05.md b/gen/11/05.md index 2fefe12a50..5eff7a5291 100644 --- a/gen/11/05.md +++ b/gen/11/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The information about where he came down from can be made explicit: "came down f # to see "to observe" or "to look more closely" - diff --git a/gen/11/06.md b/gen/11/06.md index cc7bd95e51..770cdfab4b 100644 --- a/gen/11/06.md +++ b/gen/11/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "they have begun to do this," meaning that they have be # nothing that they intend to do will be impossible for them This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "anything they intend to do will be possible for them" or "they will be able to do anything they want to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/07.md b/gen/11/07.md index ec158e2875..23a1d0bedc 100644 --- a/gen/11/07.md +++ b/gen/11/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that Yahweh would cause the people all over the earth to stop speakin # so that they may not understand each other This was the purpose of confusing their language. Alternate translation: "so that they will not be able to understand what each other is saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/08.md b/gen/11/08.md index d1b3393523..434537ec14 100644 --- a/gen/11/08.md +++ b/gen/11/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from there "from the city" - diff --git a/gen/11/09.md b/gen/11/09.md index 8e5cee5624..7500672db4 100644 --- a/gen/11/09.md +++ b/gen/11/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name "Babel" sounds like the word that means "confused." Translators may wan # confused the language of the whole earth It means that Yahweh caused the people all over the earth to no longer speak the same language. Alternate translation: "mixed up the language of the whole earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/10.md b/gen/11/10.md index 17052a5360..ce09cc2de6 100644 --- a/gen/11/10.md +++ b/gen/11/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # a hundred ... two Translators may write the words or the numerals "100" and "2." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/11.md b/gen/11/11.md index 1c0750ae84..ea4473a35f 100644 --- a/gen/11/11.md +++ b/gen/11/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # five hundred Translators may write the words or the numeral "500." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/12.md b/gen/11/12.md index ce1dd11ba5..daebbdc987 100644 --- a/gen/11/12.md +++ b/gen/11/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Shelah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/13.md b/gen/11/13.md index 2fca58c9f3..62a32ace0c 100644 --- a/gen/11/13.md +++ b/gen/11/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 403 years "four hundred and three years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/14.md b/gen/11/14.md index 3bf5ea7ccb..e82b12445a 100644 --- a/gen/11/14.md +++ b/gen/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/15.md b/gen/11/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/11/15.md +++ b/gen/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/11/16.md b/gen/11/16.md index fd95bafc7b..f9ab11dd94 100644 --- a/gen/11/16.md +++ b/gen/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/17.md b/gen/11/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/11/17.md +++ b/gen/11/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/11/18.md b/gen/11/18.md index 3bf5ea7ccb..e82b12445a 100644 --- a/gen/11/18.md +++ b/gen/11/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/19.md b/gen/11/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/11/19.md +++ b/gen/11/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/11/20.md b/gen/11/20.md index 3bf5ea7ccb..e82b12445a 100644 --- a/gen/11/20.md +++ b/gen/11/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/21.md b/gen/11/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/11/21.md +++ b/gen/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/11/22.md b/gen/11/22.md index 3bf5ea7ccb..e82b12445a 100644 --- a/gen/11/22.md +++ b/gen/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/23.md b/gen/11/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/11/23.md +++ b/gen/11/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/11/24.md b/gen/11/24.md index 3bf5ea7ccb..e82b12445a 100644 --- a/gen/11/24.md +++ b/gen/11/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/25.md b/gen/11/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/11/25.md +++ b/gen/11/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/11/26.md b/gen/11/26.md index 30c0330972..accd2cf540 100644 --- a/gen/11/26.md +++ b/gen/11/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abram, Nahor, and Haran We do not know the birth order of his sons. - diff --git a/gen/11/27.md b/gen/11/27.md index 66133bc9d5..8ed96f037a 100644 --- a/gen/11/27.md +++ b/gen/11/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now these were the descendants of Terah This sentence introduces the account of Terah's descendants. Genesis 11:27-25:11 tells about Terah's descendants, particularly his son Abraham. Alternate translation: "This is the account of Terah's descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/28.md b/gen/11/28.md index 1770e98f71..24b4387289 100644 --- a/gen/11/28.md +++ b/gen/11/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Haran died in the presence of his father Terah This means that Haran died while his father was still living. Alternate translation: "Haran died while his father, Terah, was with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/29.md b/gen/11/29.md index 2b00cbd357..49be503a49 100644 --- a/gen/11/29.md +++ b/gen/11/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Iskah This is a female name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/30.md b/gen/11/30.md index 64f80589bd..50a123db7b 100644 --- a/gen/11/30.md +++ b/gen/11/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used to introduce new information about Sarai that will become impo # barren This term describes a woman who is physically unable to conceive or bear a child. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/31.md b/gen/11/31.md index 748d936bbb..7db1f114da 100644 --- a/gen/11/31.md +++ b/gen/11/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "his" refers to Terah. # Haran ... Haran These are two different names and they are spelled differently in Hebrew. One refers to a person and the other refers to a city. (The "h" sound in the city's name is louder than the "h" sound in the person's name.) You might choose to spell them differently in your language to show this. - diff --git a/gen/11/32.md b/gen/11/32.md index 4ec413252b..6bbc9a3336 100644 --- a/gen/11/32.md +++ b/gen/11/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 205 years "two hundred and five years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/11/index.md b/gen/11/index.md index 7ff5b85b91..ba52d5e986 100644 --- a/gen/11/index.md +++ b/gen/11/index.md @@ -16,4 +16,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shem]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shinar]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/ur]] - diff --git a/gen/11/intro.md b/gen/11/intro.md index 87f7566b48..f899b132b3 100644 --- a/gen/11/intro.md +++ b/gen/11/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,27 @@ # Genesis 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is a story traditionally referred to as the "Tower of Babel." -This chapter seeks to answer the questions: why do people speak different languages? how did people become so dispersed across the earth? God's punishment described in this chapter may also explain why the world has racial and ethnic divisions. +This chapter seeks to answer the questions: why do people speak different languages? how did people become so dispersed across the earth? God's punishment described in this chapter may also explain why the world has racial and ethnic divisions. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Age of people when they die -#### Age of people when they die After the flood, people began to live shorter lives. This chapter begins to record the shortening of the average lifespan. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Personification -#### Personification The statement "Yahweh came down to see" is a type of personification. Yahweh always knows what happens on earth. This statement indicates that Yahweh is about to bring judgment on mankind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Let us build ourselves a city and a tower whose top will reach to the sky" -#### "Let us build ourselves a city and a tower whose top will reach to the sky" The people were very full of pride and rebelled against God in this action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -26,4 +29,3 @@ The people were very full of pride and rebelled against God in this action. (See * __[Genesis 11:1](../../gen/11/01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/12/01.md b/gen/12/01.md index 418733d9de..07507bcd89 100644 --- a/gen/12/01.md +++ b/gen/12/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used to mark a new part of the story. # Go from your country, and from your relatives "Go from your land, from your family" - diff --git a/gen/12/02.md b/gen/12/02.md index 6d777161a3..91b14aceb2 100644 --- a/gen/12/02.md +++ b/gen/12/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "name" represents the person's reputation. Alternate translation: "make # you will be a blessing The words "to other people" are understood. Alternate translation: "you will be a blessing to other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/12/03.md b/gen/12/03.md index dcabcaf0ff..339e7700ff 100644 --- a/gen/12/03.md +++ b/gen/12/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be made active. Alternate translation: "I will bless all the families o # Through you "Because of you" or "Because I have blessed you" - diff --git a/gen/12/04.md b/gen/12/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/12/04.md +++ b/gen/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/12/05.md b/gen/12/05.md index 5620967af0..f2ea8b4d62 100644 --- a/gen/12/05.md +++ b/gen/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This includes animals and non-living property. # the people that they had acquired Possible meanings are 1) "slaves that they had accumulated" or 2) "the people whom they had gathered to be with them." - diff --git a/gen/12/06.md b/gen/12/06.md index 664f720e58..9b6bded11e 100644 --- a/gen/12/06.md +++ b/gen/12/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Only Abram's name is mentioned because he was the head of the family. God had gi # the oak of Moreh Moreh was probably the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/12/07.md b/gen/12/07.md index 76df5a7faa..720959a9d5 100644 --- a/gen/12/07.md +++ b/gen/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh, who had appeared to him "Yahweh, because he had appeared to him" - diff --git a/gen/12/08.md b/gen/12/08.md index 87fc2a9406..89652b0914 100644 --- a/gen/12/08.md +++ b/gen/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Abram had many people with him as he traveled. People who moved from place to pl # called on the name of Yahweh "prayed in the name of Yahweh" or "worshiped Yahweh" - diff --git a/gen/12/09.md b/gen/12/09.md index 6d9ba5d1ca..ae0cd86a88 100644 --- a/gen/12/09.md +++ b/gen/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that he took his tent with him. "Then Abram took h # toward the Negev "toward the Negev region" or "toward the south" or "south to the Negev desert" - diff --git a/gen/12/10.md b/gen/12/10.md index a19d0efce9..249f4fe492 100644 --- a/gen/12/10.md +++ b/gen/12/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The crops did not grow well that season. This can be made explicit. Alternate tr # went down into Possible meanings are 1) "went further south" or 2) "went away from Canaan into." It would be best to translate this using your usual words for going from a higher place to a lower place. - diff --git a/gen/12/11.md b/gen/12/11.md index b6af3f7318..647673760b 100644 --- a/gen/12/11.md +++ b/gen/12/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See now, I The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hearer to pay attention. "Please listen carefully: I" - diff --git a/gen/12/12.md b/gen/12/12.md index 759291af35..eb3b900642 100644 --- a/gen/12/12.md +++ b/gen/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will kill me ... you alive The reason they would kill Abram can be made explicit: "they will kill me so that they can marry you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/12/13.md b/gen/12/13.md index a0eb9ee3ae..1528dc6335 100644 --- a/gen/12/13.md +++ b/gen/12/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that my life will be spared because of you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that, because of you, they will not kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/12/14.md b/gen/12/14.md index 73f0c1e002..1bb2a8a1fd 100644 --- a/gen/12/14.md +++ b/gen/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It came about that Possible meanings are 1) This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts, and if your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here, or 2) "And that was what happened" . - diff --git a/gen/12/15.md b/gen/12/15.md index 0da145b21a..6c57616c56 100644 --- a/gen/12/15.md +++ b/gen/12/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Sarai # Pharaoh's household Possible meanings are 1) "Pharoah's family," that is, as a wife, or 2) "Pharaoah's house" or "Pharaoh's palace," a euphemism for Pharaoh making her one of his wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/12/16.md b/gen/12/16.md index c8c0ef903f..ac8488e020 100644 --- a/gen/12/16.md +++ b/gen/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for her sake "for Sarai's sake" or "because of her" - diff --git a/gen/12/17.md b/gen/12/17.md index 609045a074..31f81027e7 100644 --- a/gen/12/17.md +++ b/gen/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of Sarai, Abram's wife This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: "because Pharaoh intended to take Sarai, Abram's wife, to be his own wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/12/18.md b/gen/12/18.md index ed17407051..ee61eade2f 100644 --- a/gen/12/18.md +++ b/gen/12/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What is this that you have done to me? Pharaoh used this rhetorical question to show how angry he was about what Abram had done to him. It can also be stated as an exclamation. Alternate translation: "You have done a terrible thing to me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/12/19.md b/gen/12/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/12/19.md +++ b/gen/12/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/12/20.md b/gen/12/20.md index b17394726e..9d8db5a3b7 100644 --- a/gen/12/20.md +++ b/gen/12/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they sent him away, along with his wife and all that he had "the officials sent Abram away from Pharoah, with his wife and all his possessions" - diff --git a/gen/12/index.md b/gen/12/index.md index c6f99d09f4..1f11eead7d 100644 --- a/gen/12/index.md +++ b/gen/12/index.md @@ -28,4 +28,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/pharaoh]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sarah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shechem]] - diff --git a/gen/12/intro.md b/gen/12/intro.md index 1ecd9b840b..7cd62753ed 100644 --- a/gen/12/intro.md +++ b/gen/12/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Genesis 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Abram -When God said, "Go from your country, and from your relatives," he established several new people groups. These groups descended from Abram. +### Abram + +When God said, "Go from your country, and from your relatives," he established several new people groups. These groups descended from Abram. + +### God's covenant with Abram -#### God's covenant with Abram God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abram needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. It has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "They will kill me" -#### "They will kill me" Abram was afraid the Egyptians would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his beautiful wife, they would try to kill him. This would free Sarai to marry someone else. Apparently, it would have been easy for them to kill a foreigner without punishment. If she was Abram's sister, they would have shown favor to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ Abram was afraid the Egyptians would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his * __[Genesis 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/13/01.md b/gen/13/01.md index 406552b550..47756a9455 100644 --- a/gen/13/01.md +++ b/gen/13/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # went into the Negev The Negev was a desert region in southern Canaan, east of Egypt. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "went back to the Negev desert" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/13/02.md b/gen/13/02.md index b8cb40f6d6..107e988acd 100644 --- a/gen/13/02.md +++ b/gen/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abram was very rich in livestock, in silver, and in gold "Abram had many livestock, much silver, and much gold" - diff --git a/gen/13/03.md b/gen/13/03.md index af296ffd0b..ac6e9c41f8 100644 --- a/gen/13/03.md +++ b/gen/13/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Abram and his family traveled by stages, going from place to place. This can be # to the place where his tent had been before Translators may add a footnote that says "See Genesis 12:8." The time of his travel can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "to the place where he had set up his tent before he went to Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/13/04.md b/gen/13/04.md index a634805b69..1617194f05 100644 --- a/gen/13/04.md +++ b/gen/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # called on the name of Yahweh "prayed in the name of Yahweh" or "worshiped Yahweh." See how you translated this in [Genesis 12:8](../12/08.md). - diff --git a/gen/13/05.md b/gen/13/05.md index 9ef3471845..f8042764ce 100644 --- a/gen/13/05.md +++ b/gen/13/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used to show what follows is background information to help the reader understand the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/gen/13/06.md b/gen/13/06.md index 193d7a3457..008afd3ab3 100644 --- a/gen/13/06.md +++ b/gen/13/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This includes livestock, which need pasture and water. # could not stay together "could not live together" - diff --git a/gen/13/07.md b/gen/13/07.md index ffdaa3cf1b..24444a559e 100644 --- a/gen/13/07.md +++ b/gen/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Canaanites and the Perizzites were living in the land at that time This is another reason that the land could not support them all. - diff --git a/gen/13/08.md b/gen/13/08.md index 238e5a36ae..9b48ba5440 100644 --- a/gen/13/08.md +++ b/gen/13/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ arguments or fights # family "kinsmen" or "relatives." Lot was Abraham's nephew. - diff --git a/gen/13/09.md b/gen/13/09.md index 1b205a1439..25a288736b 100644 --- a/gen/13/09.md +++ b/gen/13/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Abraham was speaking kindly to Lot and encouraging him to do something that woul # If you go to the left, then I will go to the right Possible meanings are 1) "If you go one way, then I will go the other" or 2) "If you go to the north, I will go to the south." Abram let Lot choose the part of the land he wanted, and Abram would take what remained. - diff --git a/gen/13/10.md b/gen/13/10.md index 7986de11c1..92f8827138 100644 --- a/gen/13/10.md +++ b/gen/13/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Use the same word for "garden" as you used in [Genesis 2:8](../02/08.md). # This was before Yahweh destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah This anticipates something that would happen later. It is important here because it explains why Lot settled in a region that later was not fertile. - diff --git a/gen/13/11.md b/gen/13/11.md index bd60e2e1dd..87db4e3319 100644 --- a/gen/13/11.md +++ b/gen/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the relatives "the kinsmen" or "the families." This refers to Lot and Abram with their households. - diff --git a/gen/13/12.md b/gen/13/12.md index b2d23335b8..da82fd4a92 100644 --- a/gen/13/12.md +++ b/gen/13/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # He set up his tents as far away as Sodom Possible meanings are 1) "He set up his tents near Sodom" or 2) "He moved his tents around in an area that reached all the way to Sodom." - diff --git a/gen/13/13.md b/gen/13/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/13/13.md +++ b/gen/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/13/14.md b/gen/13/14.md index 312bee96eb..4c755d7301 100644 --- a/gen/13/14.md +++ b/gen/13/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after Lot had departed from him "after Lot left Abraham" - diff --git a/gen/13/15.md b/gen/13/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/13/15.md +++ b/gen/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/13/16.md b/gen/13/16.md index bb1987f326..1606176337 100644 --- a/gen/13/16.md +++ b/gen/13/16.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # I will make your descendants as the dust of the earth -This is a simile. God is saying that he will give Abram very many descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) +This is a simile. God is saying that he will give Abram very many descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) diff --git a/gen/13/17.md b/gen/13/17.md index d7220858be..110be400b7 100644 --- a/gen/13/17.md +++ b/gen/13/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # walk through the length and breadth of the land "walk around all over the whole land" - diff --git a/gen/13/18.md b/gen/13/18.md index 35a32beb32..e08251a630 100644 --- a/gen/13/18.md +++ b/gen/13/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # an altar to Yahweh "an altar for worshiping Yahweh" - diff --git a/gen/13/index.md b/gen/13/index.md index e3d02331e1..57b9540e69 100644 --- a/gen/13/index.md +++ b/gen/13/index.md @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/perizzite]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sodom]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/zoar]] - diff --git a/gen/13/intro.md b/gen/13/intro.md index bef6a92083..e185a9225a 100644 --- a/gen/13/intro.md +++ b/gen/13/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Genesis 13 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Abram's faith -#### Abram's faith Since the land could not support both Lot's and Abram's family, they each went their own way. Even though good land was not plentiful, Abram allowed Lot to choose the better land because he trusted in God to fulfill his promises. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -#### God's covenant with Abram +### God's covenant with Abram God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abram needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. It has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. This chapter continues the covenant which began in the previous chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Built an altar -#### Built an altar Abram would have built an altar in order to offer sacrifices to Yahweh. There is an implicit understanding that building an altar was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Abram would have built an altar in order to offer sacrifices to Yahweh. There is * __[Genesis 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/14/01.md b/gen/14/01.md index f0739e4ab7..51f228111e 100644 --- a/gen/14/01.md +++ b/gen/14/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Shinar ... Ellasar ... Elam ... Goyim These are names of places. See how you translated "Shinar" in [Genesis 10:10](../10/10.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/14/02.md b/gen/14/02.md index 626cf01886..866d5b3b1c 100644 --- a/gen/14/02.md +++ b/gen/14/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they made war "they went to war" or "they started a war" or "they prepared for war" - diff --git a/gen/14/03.md b/gen/14/03.md index 56d19b8be8..24ac08c862 100644 --- a/gen/14/03.md +++ b/gen/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These latter five kings joined together The information that their armies were with them can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "These latter five kings and their armies joined together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/14/04.md b/gen/14/04.md index 4de3dead68..5c5782a1fd 100644 --- a/gen/14/04.md +++ b/gen/14/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They probably had to pay him taxes and serve in his army. Alternate translation: # they rebelled "they refused to serve him" or "they stopped serving him" - diff --git a/gen/14/05.md b/gen/14/05.md index def247b251..2bfdcd1ac9 100644 --- a/gen/14/05.md +++ b/gen/14/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ham This name in Hebrew is different from the name of Noah's son, which is spelled the same way in English. - diff --git a/gen/14/06.md b/gen/14/06.md index 724a8bee82..300c34cb5f 100644 --- a/gen/14/06.md +++ b/gen/14/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # El Paran, which is near the desert This phrase helps readers understand where El Paran was. It can be translated as a separate sentence if necessary. Alternate translation: "El Paran. El Paran is near the desert" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/gen/14/07.md b/gen/14/07.md index 8cd58db876..311564e44d 100644 --- a/gen/14/07.md +++ b/gen/14/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the four foreign kings who were attacking the region o # the Amorites who lived in Hazezon Tamar This phrase tells which Amorite people were defeated. There were other Amorite people who lived in other places. - diff --git a/gen/14/08.md b/gen/14/08.md index ef8cc89a7b..4a3dce5d2c 100644 --- a/gen/14/08.md +++ b/gen/14/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The city of Bela was also called Zoar. This information could also be put at the # prepared for battle "joined battle" or "drew up battle lines." Some translators may need to also say that the armies fought, as the UDB does in verse 9. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/14/09.md b/gen/14/09.md index 5a1bc08073..da875a48b4 100644 --- a/gen/14/09.md +++ b/gen/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # four kings against the five Since the five kings were listed first, some languages might prefer to translate this as "five kings against four." - diff --git a/gen/14/10.md b/gen/14/10.md index 088135749d..06d47fbbd8 100644 --- a/gen/14/10.md +++ b/gen/14/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) some of their soldiers fell in the tar pits or 2) the k # Those who were left "Those who did not die in battle and did not fall in the pits" - diff --git a/gen/14/11.md b/gen/14/11.md index d64683e704..d618b95cf7 100644 --- a/gen/14/11.md +++ b/gen/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "Sodom" and "Gomorrah" are metonyms for the people who lived in those # went their way "they went away" - diff --git a/gen/14/12.md b/gen/14/12.md index 38342e866a..b0f751ff59 100644 --- a/gen/14/12.md +++ b/gen/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they also took Lot, Abram's brother's son, who was living in Sodom, along with all his possessions The phrases "Abram's brother's son" and "who was living in Sodom" remind the reader of things that were written earlier about Lot. Alternate translation: "they also took Lot, along with all his possessions. Lot was Abram's brother's son and was living in Sodom at that time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/gen/14/13.md b/gen/14/13.md index db9a39445c..02d6557309 100644 --- a/gen/14/13.md +++ b/gen/14/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # were all allies of Abram "were treaty-partners with Abram" or "had a peace agreement with Abram" - diff --git a/gen/14/14.md b/gen/14/14.md index 09d349323a..ab88809597 100644 --- a/gen/14/14.md +++ b/gen/14/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a reference to Abram's nephew Lot. # Dan This is a city in the far north of Canaan, far from Abram's camp. - diff --git a/gen/14/15.md b/gen/14/15.md index 777b619fee..068cde4ab5 100644 --- a/gen/14/15.md +++ b/gen/14/15.md @@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ This elliptical statement probably refers to a battle strategy. Alternate transl # servants -"men of war." They served him by fighting for him. - +"men of war." They served him by fighting for him. diff --git a/gen/14/16.md b/gen/14/16.md index 04f12ddebd..d839ae7e90 100644 --- a/gen/14/16.md +++ b/gen/14/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the things that the enemies had stolen from the cities of Sodom a # as well as the women and the other people "as well as the women and other people that the four kings had captured" - diff --git a/gen/14/17.md b/gen/14/17.md index adf0252217..0d7c725b6a 100644 --- a/gen/14/17.md +++ b/gen/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # returned The implied information about where he was returning to can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "returned to where he was living" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/14/18.md b/gen/14/18.md index 41c54bb2da..075e8ed1e1 100644 --- a/gen/14/18.md +++ b/gen/14/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the first time this king is mentioned. # bread and wine People commonly ate bread and wine. See how you translated "bread" in [Genesis 3:19](../03/19.md) and "wine" in [Genesis 9:21](../09/21.md). - diff --git a/gen/14/19.md b/gen/14/19.md index 697cf03c9d..d053455819 100644 --- a/gen/14/19.md +++ b/gen/14/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May God Most High, th # heaven This refers to the place where God lives. - diff --git a/gen/14/20.md b/gen/14/20.md index a85fd5aea4..dfe060ed5b 100644 --- a/gen/14/20.md +++ b/gen/14/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a way of praising God. See how you translated "blessed be" in [Genesis 9 # into your hand "into your control" or "into your power" - diff --git a/gen/14/21.md b/gen/14/21.md index 8f845eedac..e44856d6f1 100644 --- a/gen/14/21.md +++ b/gen/14/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Give me the people The phrase "the people" may refer to the people of Sodom that the enemies had captured. Abram rescued them when he rescued Lot. - diff --git a/gen/14/22.md b/gen/14/22.md index fa3f1475de..160180dc2d 100644 --- a/gen/14/22.md +++ b/gen/14/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have lifted up my hand This means "I have taken an oath" or "I have made a promise." - diff --git a/gen/14/23.md b/gen/14/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/14/23.md +++ b/gen/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/14/24.md b/gen/14/24.md index 51c8f7f4f5..6db5894976 100644 --- a/gen/14/24.md +++ b/gen/14/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # Aner, Eshkol, and Mamre These are the allies of Abram ([Genesis 14:13](../14/13.md)). Because they were Abram's allies they fought battles alongside him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "my allies Aner, Eshkol, and Mamre" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/14/index.md b/gen/14/index.md index cb6033e5bf..676b5fbc97 100644 --- a/gen/14/index.md +++ b/gen/14/index.md @@ -26,4 +26,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shinar]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sodom]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/zoar]] - diff --git a/gen/14/intro.md b/gen/14/intro.md index 9e7a5569ec..b3f535b975 100644 --- a/gen/14/intro.md +++ b/gen/14/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,22 @@ # Genesis 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. ULB does this with the poetry in 14:19-20. +Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. ULB does this with the poetry in 14:19-20. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Names of places -#### Names of places Sometimes the names of places in Scripture are referred to by the name used during the time of the writer. For example, the location referred to as Dan was not yet known by that name because Dan had not yet come to live there. Moses, the author of Genesis, would have known this location as Dan. -#### Melchizedek +### Melchizedek + Melchizedek was both a priest and a king. Because of this, he parallels the roles of Jesus. Melchizedek is an important figure in the book of Hebrews. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### God Most High +### God Most High Melchizedek worshiped the God Most High. This is probably a reference to the true and only God who created the heavens and the earth and came to be known as Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) @@ -23,4 +25,3 @@ Melchizedek worshiped the God Most High. This is probably a reference to the tru * __[Genesis 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/15/01.md b/gen/15/01.md index 9efd8a58d1..1933222ea1 100644 --- a/gen/15/01.md +++ b/gen/15/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "I myself will be all that you need" or 2) "I will give # reward the result of a person's actions. This seems to be a metonym for the gracious blessing God would give Abram. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/15/02.md b/gen/15/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/15/02.md +++ b/gen/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/15/03.md b/gen/15/03.md index c9e56ba507..8bd1642a4f 100644 --- a/gen/15/03.md +++ b/gen/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abram said, "Since you have given me "Abram continued speaking and said, 'Since you have given me'" - diff --git a/gen/15/04.md b/gen/15/04.md index b907201620..50de4e551b 100644 --- a/gen/15/04.md +++ b/gen/15/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Eliezer of Damascus. # the one who will come from your own body "the one that you will father" or "your very own son." Abram's own son would become his heir. - diff --git a/gen/15/05.md b/gen/15/05.md index 80f40b034c..945dd8abfc 100644 --- a/gen/15/05.md +++ b/gen/15/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # So will your descendants be Just as Abram would not be able to count all the stars, he would not be able to count all his descendants because there would be so many. - diff --git a/gen/15/06.md b/gen/15/06.md index 198a5d3f93..61a85147eb 100644 --- a/gen/15/06.md +++ b/gen/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means he accepted and trusted what Yahweh said was true. # he counted it to him as righteousness "Yahweh counted Abram's belief as righteousness" or "Yahweh considered Abram righteous because Abram believed him" - diff --git a/gen/15/07.md b/gen/15/07.md index aef2b48b2b..dca6bfe498 100644 --- a/gen/15/07.md +++ b/gen/15/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh was reminding Abraham of what he had already done so that Abraham would k # to inherit it "to receive it" or "so that you will possess it" - diff --git a/gen/15/08.md b/gen/15/08.md index e9888dd7cb..7f9c054252 100644 --- a/gen/15/08.md +++ b/gen/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # how will I know Abram was asking for more proof that Yahweh would give him the land. - diff --git a/gen/15/09.md b/gen/15/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/15/09.md +++ b/gen/15/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/15/10.md b/gen/15/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/15/10.md +++ b/gen/15/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/15/11.md b/gen/15/11.md index 8715443075..b9d528c792 100644 --- a/gen/15/11.md +++ b/gen/15/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abram drove them away "Abram chased the birds away." He made sure the birds did not eat the dead animals. - diff --git a/gen/15/12.md b/gen/15/12.md index 2b76ca55fb..f8ddd04fd1 100644 --- a/gen/15/12.md +++ b/gen/15/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Abraham slept deeply" (See: [[rc://en/ # overwhelmed him "surrounded him" - diff --git a/gen/15/13.md b/gen/15/13.md index b9ca2935c9..e019af4845 100644 --- a/gen/15/13.md +++ b/gen/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ people who are at home in one place but have to live in another place # will be enslaved and oppressed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the owners of that land will enslave your descendants and oppress them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/15/14.md b/gen/15/14.md index ac82831344..62a2ba2484 100644 --- a/gen/15/14.md +++ b/gen/15/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # abundant possessions This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "many possessions" or "great wealth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/15/15.md b/gen/15/15.md index 32140d3da3..f41de8de39 100644 --- a/gen/15/15.md +++ b/gen/15/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "fathers" is a synecdoche for all ancestors. Alternate translation: "an # you will be buried in a good old age "you will be very old when you die and your family buries your body" - diff --git a/gen/15/16.md b/gen/15/16.md index 47eb511688..92c112b220 100644 --- a/gen/15/16.md +++ b/gen/15/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here one generation refers to a lifespan of 100 years. "After four hundred years # has not yet reached its limit "is not yet complete" or "will get much worse before I punish them" - diff --git a/gen/15/17.md b/gen/15/17.md index 6db5ef4f6d..0b23bef3a2 100644 --- a/gen/15/17.md +++ b/gen/15/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God did this to show Abram that he was making a covenant with him. # passed between the pieces "passed through between the two rows of animal pieces" - diff --git a/gen/15/18.md b/gen/15/18.md index 2a12c03400..8065607550 100644 --- a/gen/15/18.md +++ b/gen/15/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this covenant God promises to bless Abram, and he will continue to bless him # I hereby give this land By saying this, God was giving the land to Abram's descendants. God was doing this then, but the descendants would not go into the land until many years later. - diff --git a/gen/15/19.md b/gen/15/19.md index 79de60a4ba..203f57271c 100644 --- a/gen/15/19.md +++ b/gen/15/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Kenites, the Kenizzites, the Kadmonites These are the names of groups of people who lived in that land. God would allow Abraham's descendants to conquer these people and take their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/15/20.md b/gen/15/20.md index 82d6e26cec..cd8a48b40d 100644 --- a/gen/15/20.md +++ b/gen/15/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Rephaites These are the names of groups of people who lived in that land. God would allow Abraham's descendants to conquer these people and take their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/15/21.md b/gen/15/21.md index 08aadaefbe..fbc37dfd27 100644 --- a/gen/15/21.md +++ b/gen/15/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Girgashites, and the Jebusites These are the names of groups of people who lived in that land. God would allow Abraham's descendants to conquer these people and take their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/15/index.md b/gen/15/index.md index bb6b400ac5..55549769c5 100644 --- a/gen/15/index.md +++ b/gen/15/index.md @@ -32,4 +32,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/egypt]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/euphrates]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/ur]] - diff --git a/gen/15/intro.md b/gen/15/intro.md index fbfadd8519..9104a9a463 100644 --- a/gen/15/intro.md +++ b/gen/15/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ # Genesis 15 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Inheritance -#### Inheritance In the ancient Near East, a person's children inherited the property and land of their parents. Abram doubted the fulfillment of God's covenant because he did not have any children to whom to give his land. This showed a lack of faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]],[[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -#### Fulfilling a promise +### Fulfilling a promise + In the ancient Near East, two people performed a similar sacrifice by dividing animals in half. It was a way to say to the other person, "may this happen to me if I do not fulfill my promise." The event recorded here indicates that God will fulfill his promise and only he is responsible for bringing it about. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -#### God's covenant with Abram +### God's covenant with Abram God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abram needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. This covenant has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything * __[Genesis 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/16/01.md b/gen/16/01.md index c3f347d175..269f911f07 100644 --- a/gen/16/01.md +++ b/gen/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used in English to introduce a new part of the story and background # female servant "slave-girl." This type of slave would serve the woman of the household. - diff --git a/gen/16/02.md b/gen/16/02.md index 3fafbf5c6c..a5cf946cb0 100644 --- a/gen/16/02.md +++ b/gen/16/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a polite way of telling him to have sexual relations with her servant. Y # Abram listened to the voice of Sarai "Abram did what Sarai said" - diff --git a/gen/16/03.md b/gen/16/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/16/03.md +++ b/gen/16/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/16/04.md b/gen/16/04.md index a195325873..dc98c51765 100644 --- a/gen/16/04.md +++ b/gen/16/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with Hagar. See how # her mistress Here this refers to Sarai. A mistress has authority over her slave. Alternate translation: "her owner" or "Sarai" - diff --git a/gen/16/05.md b/gen/16/05.md index 0659be4d2f..c4ae6c1649 100644 --- a/gen/16/05.md +++ b/gen/16/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be active. Alternate translation: "she hated me" or "she began to hate # Let Yahweh judge between me and you "I want Yahweh to say whether this is my fault or your fault" or "I want Yahweh to decide which one of us is right." The phrase "to judge between" means to decide which person is right in a dispute between them. - diff --git a/gen/16/06.md b/gen/16/06.md index 43c29fb628..2cb2e72009 100644 --- a/gen/16/06.md +++ b/gen/16/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # she fled from her "Hagar fled from Sarai" - diff --git a/gen/16/07.md b/gen/16/07.md index 0d00141aa8..f7f07b44d0 100644 --- a/gen/16/07.md +++ b/gen/16/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The wilderness area she went to was a desert. Alternate translation: "desert" # Shur This was the name of a place south of Canaan and east of Egypt. - diff --git a/gen/16/08.md b/gen/16/08.md index 27ef80b678..ee6dd34e18 100644 --- a/gen/16/08.md +++ b/gen/16/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my mistress Here this refers to Sarai. A mistress has authority over her slave. See how "her mistress" is translated in [Genesis 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: "my owner" - diff --git a/gen/16/09.md b/gen/16/09.md index f61a096bb0..81a881b4ba 100644 --- a/gen/16/09.md +++ b/gen/16/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your mistress Sarai. See how "her mistress" is translated in [Genesis 16:4](../16/04.md). - diff --git a/gen/16/10.md b/gen/16/10.md index e75ab7c590..2dc02a9c07 100644 --- a/gen/16/10.md +++ b/gen/16/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ When he said "I," he was referring to Yahweh. When translating what is in the qu # too numerous to count "so many that no one will be able to count them" - diff --git a/gen/16/11.md b/gen/16/11.md index 1c57ef5989..a9b63f834c 100644 --- a/gen/16/11.md +++ b/gen/16/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote that says "The name 'Ishmael' means 'God has hear # affliction She has been afflicted by distress and suffering. - diff --git a/gen/16/12.md b/gen/16/12.md index 56ca1e0aa0..35e9459c8c 100644 --- a/gen/16/12.md +++ b/gen/16/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can also mean "he will live in hostility with." # his brothers "his relatives" or "the other members of his family" - diff --git a/gen/16/13.md b/gen/16/13.md index 48cf12c771..34de3654ad 100644 --- a/gen/16/13.md +++ b/gen/16/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do I really continue to see, ... me? Hagar used this rhetorical question to express her amazement that she was still alive even after she met God. People expected that if they met God, they would die. Here seeing represents living. Alternate translation: "I am surprised that I am still alive, ... me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/16/14.md b/gen/16/14.md index 59486bfeb8..b9b41fc446 100644 --- a/gen/16/14.md +++ b/gen/16/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote that says "Beer Lahai Roi means 'the well of the # behold, it is between Kadesh and Bered The word "behold" here draws attention to the fact that the well was in a place that the author and his readers knew. Alternate translation: "in fact, it is between Kadesh and Bered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/16/15.md b/gen/16/15.md index 71979cb8b8..133b08320f 100644 --- a/gen/16/15.md +++ b/gen/16/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hagar's return to Sarai and Abram is implict. You can make this more explicit. A # named his son, whom Hagar bore "named his son by Hagar" or "named his and Hagar's son" - diff --git a/gen/16/16.md b/gen/16/16.md index 51f784dbeb..f9270d97ea 100644 --- a/gen/16/16.md +++ b/gen/16/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This introduces background information about Abram's age when these things happe # bore Ishmael to Abram This means "gave birth to Abram's son, Ishmael." The focus is on Abram having a son. - diff --git a/gen/16/index.md b/gen/16/index.md index 6024553110..19ad6038fa 100644 --- a/gen/16/index.md +++ b/gen/16/index.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/ishmael]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/kadesh]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sarah]] - diff --git a/gen/16/intro.md b/gen/16/intro.md index cf751e48a6..7ece05fdab 100644 --- a/gen/16/intro.md +++ b/gen/16/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Genesis 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 16:11-12. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Plural marriage -Abram married Hagar while he was also married to Sarai. Even though Abram had his wife's permission, this was an immoral and sinful action. It also showed a lack of faith in God. Sarai quickly became jealous of Hagar. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) +### Plural marriage + +Abram married Hagar while he was also married to Sarai. Even though Abram had his wife's permission, this was an immoral and sinful action. It also showed a lack of faith in God. Sarai quickly became jealous of Hagar. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: * __[Genesis 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/17/01.md b/gen/17/01.md index 9c54df140a..288303990a 100644 --- a/gen/17/01.md +++ b/gen/17/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # Walk before me Walking is a metaphor for living, and "before me" or "in my presence" here is a metaphor for obedience. Alternate translation: "Live the way I want you to" or "Obey me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/17/02.md b/gen/17/02.md index 1d0dccb567..081c16d103 100644 --- a/gen/17/02.md +++ b/gen/17/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In this covenant God promises to bless Abram, but he also requires Abram to obey # multiply you exceedingly Here "multiply you" is an idiom that means he will give him more descendants. Alternate translation: "greatly increase the number of your descendants" or "give you very many descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/17/03.md b/gen/17/03.md index 783c2de5fa..39991c010d 100644 --- a/gen/17/03.md +++ b/gen/17/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abram bowed low with his face to the ground "Abram threw himself face down on the ground" or "Abraham immediately lay down with his face to the ground." He did this to show that he respected God and would obey him. - diff --git a/gen/17/04.md b/gen/17/04.md index 45b177cfb5..d772638ec1 100644 --- a/gen/17/04.md +++ b/gen/17/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" here says that what comes next is certain: "my covenant is cer # the father of a multitude of nations "the father of a great number of nations" or "the one after whom many nations name themselves" - diff --git a/gen/17/05.md b/gen/17/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/17/05.md +++ b/gen/17/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/17/06.md b/gen/17/06.md index 22e03ba59d..9b082e9813 100644 --- a/gen/17/06.md +++ b/gen/17/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # kings will descend from you "among your descendants there will be kings" or "some of your descendants will be kings" - diff --git a/gen/17/07.md b/gen/17/07.md index 8774d4b288..014031d200 100644 --- a/gen/17/07.md +++ b/gen/17/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God continues speaking to Abraham. # to be God to you and to your descendants after you "to be your God and your descendants' God" or "covenant" - diff --git a/gen/17/08.md b/gen/17/08.md index 4bb9f4ef71..94109fd56e 100644 --- a/gen/17/08.md +++ b/gen/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Canaan, for an everlasting possession "Canaan, as an everlasting possession" or "Canaan, to possess forever" - diff --git a/gen/17/09.md b/gen/17/09.md index 232b2ef87e..37fe40cf4c 100644 --- a/gen/17/09.md +++ b/gen/17/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God uses this phrase to introduce what Abram would have to do as part of God's c # keep my covenant "observe my covenant" or "honor my covenant" or "obey my covenant" - diff --git a/gen/17/10.md b/gen/17/10.md index 7e57e94630..9f8f51c675 100644 --- a/gen/17/10.md +++ b/gen/17/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "You must circumcis # Every male This refers to human males. - diff --git a/gen/17/11.md b/gen/17/11.md index 4518aa8ada..00087b4367 100644 --- a/gen/17/11.md +++ b/gen/17/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some communities may prefer a less descriptive expression such as "You must be c # the sign Possible meanings are 1) "the sign" or 2) "a sign." The first means that there was one sign, and the second means that there may have been more than one sign. Here the word "sign" means a reminder of something that God had promised. - diff --git a/gen/17/12.md b/gen/17/12.md index 62ebcd5563..a3c4ef9814 100644 --- a/gen/17/12.md +++ b/gen/17/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God continues speaking to Abraham. # him who is bought with money This refers to slaves. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "any male that you buy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/17/13.md b/gen/17/13.md index d18a1ca954..29fb2dc2a0 100644 --- a/gen/17/13.md +++ b/gen/17/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will mark my cove # for an everlasting covenant "as a permanent covenant." Because it was marked in flesh, no one could easily erase it. - diff --git a/gen/17/14.md b/gen/17/14.md index 9059098b55..c4f4b829fd 100644 --- a/gen/17/14.md +++ b/gen/17/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "killed" or 2) "sent away from the community." (See: [[ # He has broken my covenant "He has not obeyed the rules of my covenant." This is the reason that he would be cut off from his people. - diff --git a/gen/17/15.md b/gen/17/15.md index f712b27f48..22ed3ff0bd 100644 --- a/gen/17/15.md +++ b/gen/17/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As for Sarai The words "As for" introduce the next person God talks about. - diff --git a/gen/17/16.md b/gen/17/16.md index 417295f64b..be53399014 100644 --- a/gen/17/16.md +++ b/gen/17/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Kings of peoples will come from her "Kings of peoples will descend from her" or "Some of her descendants will be kings of peoples" - diff --git a/gen/17/17.md b/gen/17/17.md index d093487d17..56c4a1fbcf 100644 --- a/gen/17/17.md +++ b/gen/17/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Abraham used this rhetorical question because he did not believe that this could # How can Sarah, who is ninety years old, bear a son? Again Abraham used a rhetorical question because he did not believe this could happen. The phrase "who is ninety years old" tells why Abraham did not believe that Sarah could bear a son. Alternate translation: "Sarah is ninety years old. Could she bear a son?" or "Sarah is ninety years old. Surely she could not bear a son!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/gen/17/18.md b/gen/17/18.md index 64850cc2ed..2bd82cab0b 100644 --- a/gen/17/18.md +++ b/gen/17/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Oh that Ishmael might live before you "Please let Ishmael inherit the covenant that you have made with me" or "Perhaps Ishmael could receive your covenant blessing." Abraham suggested something that he believed really could happen. - diff --git a/gen/17/19.md b/gen/17/19.md index 9c65d88233..48d654b5c8 100644 --- a/gen/17/19.md +++ b/gen/17/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God said this to correct Abraham's belief that Sarah could not have a son. # you must name him The word "you" refers to Abraham. - diff --git a/gen/17/20.md b/gen/17/20.md index 5dc696a50d..0f2e43b31d 100644 --- a/gen/17/20.md +++ b/gen/17/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom that means "will cause him to have many children." (See: [[rc:/ # princes "chiefs" or "rulers." Ishmael's twelve sons are different from the twelve sons of Jacob who were the fathers of the twelve tribes of Israel. - diff --git a/gen/17/21.md b/gen/17/21.md index b1b71c43d0..bd4102daa0 100644 --- a/gen/17/21.md +++ b/gen/17/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But my covenant I will establish with Isaac God returns to talking about his covenant with Abraham and emphasizes that he would fulfill his promise with Isaac, not with Ishmael. - diff --git a/gen/17/22.md b/gen/17/22.md index 0b796242ce..e209b65c73 100644 --- a/gen/17/22.md +++ b/gen/17/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # God went up from Abraham "God left Abraham" - diff --git a/gen/17/23.md b/gen/17/23.md index 342bcdeb2e..42c0f75c6b 100644 --- a/gen/17/23.md +++ b/gen/17/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # every male among the men of Abraham's household "every human male in Abraham's household" or "every male person in Abraham's household." It refers to human males of all ages: babies, boys, and men. - diff --git a/gen/17/24.md b/gen/17/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/17/24.md +++ b/gen/17/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/17/25.md b/gen/17/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/17/25.md +++ b/gen/17/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/17/26.md b/gen/17/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/17/26.md +++ b/gen/17/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/17/27.md b/gen/17/27.md index 2113c39e31..19981f5a06 100644 --- a/gen/17/27.md +++ b/gen/17/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to servants or slaves. # those bought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom he had bought" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/17/index.md b/gen/17/index.md index 518ad953ef..f9a7a6a809 100644 --- a/gen/17/index.md +++ b/gen/17/index.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/isaac]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/ishmael]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sarah]] - diff --git a/gen/17/intro.md b/gen/17/intro.md index 79a1e9fdaf..0c288fa0ed 100644 --- a/gen/17/intro.md +++ b/gen/17/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ # Genesis 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "The father of a multitude of nations" -#### "The father of a multitude of nations" Abram came to have many descendants. He had so many descendants that many of his immediate descendants became large people groups and nations. -#### God's covenant with Abram +### God's covenant with Abram God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abram needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. It has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. It is important to note in this chapter that Isaac is the son who receives the promises associated with the covenant and not Ishmael. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -#### Circumcision +### Circumcision + Circumcision was an unusual practice in the ancient Near East. It served to separate the Hebrew people from the rest of the world. This chapter records the beginning of this practice among Abram and his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]]) -#### Name change +### Name change + In this chapter, God changed Abram's name to "Abraham." In Scripture, a change in name always occurs at a highly significant point in a person's life. The beginning of the practice of circumcision was a significant event in the history of the Hebrew people. ## Links: @@ -20,4 +23,3 @@ In this chapter, God changed Abram's name to "Abraham." In Scripture, a change i * __[Genesis 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/18/01.md b/gen/18/01.md index 94bac348f1..849b0b3d81 100644 --- a/gen/18/01.md +++ b/gen/18/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the name of the man who owned the oak trees. # heat of the day "hottest time of day" - diff --git a/gen/18/02.md b/gen/18/02.md index 174a6a24a9..2b32692eef 100644 --- a/gen/18/02.md +++ b/gen/18/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # bowed This means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. - diff --git a/gen/18/03.md b/gen/18/03.md index ae6b21c333..e71c6d5736 100644 --- a/gen/18/03.md +++ b/gen/18/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Abraham is speaking to one of the men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # your servant "me." Abraham refers to himself this way in order to show respect to his guest. - diff --git a/gen/18/04.md b/gen/18/04.md index 1d90bacfd9..a0e2fea0cd 100644 --- a/gen/18/04.md +++ b/gen/18/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let me bring you some # wash your feet This custom helped tired travelers to refresh themselves after walking long distances. - diff --git a/gen/18/05.md b/gen/18/05.md index fac13c94d4..8c1e008061 100644 --- a/gen/18/05.md +++ b/gen/18/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your ... you Abraham speaks to all three of the men, so "you" and "your" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gen/18/06.md b/gen/18/06.md index 8ebe04910d..8b0358896d 100644 --- a/gen/18/06.md +++ b/gen/18/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ about 22 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) # bread This bread was probably cooked quickly on a hot stone. It may have been flat or round like small loaves or rolls. - diff --git a/gen/18/07.md b/gen/18/07.md index 871a189ea9..1dd36970cf 100644 --- a/gen/18/07.md +++ b/gen/18/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to prepare it "to cut it up and roast it" - diff --git a/gen/18/08.md b/gen/18/08.md index db95c10ce0..2e48a57d2d 100644 --- a/gen/18/08.md +++ b/gen/18/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the solid part of fermented milk. It may have been yogurt or chee # before them "before the three visitors" - diff --git a/gen/18/09.md b/gen/18/09.md index 3f8d7bb605..b70b67b42c 100644 --- a/gen/18/09.md +++ b/gen/18/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They said to him "Then they said to Abraham" - diff --git a/gen/18/10.md b/gen/18/10.md index d82f716468..1005b31491 100644 --- a/gen/18/10.md +++ b/gen/18/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "see" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information tha # in the tent doorway "at the opening of the tent" or "at the entrance of the tent" - diff --git a/gen/18/11.md b/gen/18/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/18/11.md +++ b/gen/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/18/12.md b/gen/18/12.md index a118f35162..d64ddfef3e 100644 --- a/gen/18/12.md +++ b/gen/18/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means "since my husband is also old." # my master This is a title of respect that Sarah gave to her husband Abraham. - diff --git a/gen/18/13.md b/gen/18/13.md index 859c69be94..8a1303c6fa 100644 --- a/gen/18/13.md +++ b/gen/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why did Sarah laugh and say, 'Will I really bear a child, when I am old'? God used this rhetorical question to show that he knew what Sarah was thinking and that he was not pleased with it. He repeats Sarah's rhetorical question ([Genesis 18:12](../18/12.md)) using different words. Alternate translation: "Sarah was wrong to laugh and say, 'I will not bear a child because I am too old!'"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/18/14.md b/gen/18/14.md index 663d2c4e57..718d97a787 100644 --- a/gen/18/14.md +++ b/gen/18/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # At the time appointed by me, in the spring "At the time I have appointed, which is in the spring" - diff --git a/gen/18/15.md b/gen/18/15.md index 2e9baef52e..7cb3f6b6de 100644 --- a/gen/18/15.md +++ b/gen/18/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # No, you did laugh "Yes, you did laugh." This means "No, that is not true; you did in fact laugh." - diff --git a/gen/18/16.md b/gen/18/16.md index 3f85af6f6c..f0ae319676 100644 --- a/gen/18/16.md +++ b/gen/18/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to see them on their way "to send them on their way" or "to say 'Farewell' to them." It was polite to go some distance with guests as they were leaving. - diff --git a/gen/18/17.md b/gen/18/17.md index abfa87750f..0be7d0b25d 100644 --- a/gen/18/17.md +++ b/gen/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should I hide from Abraham what I am about to do God used this rhetorical question to say that he was going to talk to Abraham about something very important and that it was best for him to do so. Alternate translation: "I should not and will not hide from Abraham what I am about to do" or "I should and will tell Abraham what I am about to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/18/18.md b/gen/18/18.md index 5fcd0cee44..9888eb0517 100644 --- a/gen/18/18.md +++ b/gen/18/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will bless all the # will be blessed in him "will be blessed because of Abraham" or "will be blessed because I have blessed Abraham." For translating "in him" see how you translated "through you" in [Genesis 12:3](../12/03.md). - diff --git a/gen/18/19.md b/gen/18/19.md index cc9a821cb9..bd72206432 100644 --- a/gen/18/19.md +++ b/gen/18/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking about himself as if he were another person. Alternate transla # so that Yahweh may bring upon Abraham what he has said to him "so that Yahweh may bless Abraham just as he said he would." This refers to the covenant promise to bless Abraham and make him a great nation. - diff --git a/gen/18/20.md b/gen/18/20.md index 14cbe367a6..db8d3d9885 100644 --- a/gen/18/20.md +++ b/gen/18/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "outcry" is expressed as the verb # their sin is so serious "they have sinned so much" - diff --git a/gen/18/21.md b/gen/18/21.md index f28f941bbb..abb1ad6d18 100644 --- a/gen/18/21.md +++ b/gen/18/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks as if he knew about this matter because he had heard the cries and # If not "If they are not as wicked as the outcry suggests" - diff --git a/gen/18/22.md b/gen/18/22.md index 276578426f..7830581a23 100644 --- a/gen/18/22.md +++ b/gen/18/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abraham remained standing before Yahweh "Abraham and Yahweh remained together" - diff --git a/gen/18/23.md b/gen/18/23.md index cf9227688f..eb45328e67 100644 --- a/gen/18/23.md +++ b/gen/18/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Abraham speaks of destroying people as if it were sweeping dirt with a broom. Al # the righteous with the wicked "the righteous people with the wicked people" - diff --git a/gen/18/24.md b/gen/18/24.md index 7ab05bc6df..5e944eea1e 100644 --- a/gen/18/24.md +++ b/gen/18/24.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Abraham was hoping that God would say "I will spare the place for the sake of th # for the sake of "because of" - diff --git a/gen/18/25.md b/gen/18/25.md index ab86085c3d..762bb01f25 100644 --- a/gen/18/25.md +++ b/gen/18/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Abraham used this rhetorical question to say what he expected God to do. Alterna # Judge God is often referred to as a judge because he is the one perfect judge who makes the final decisions about what is right or wrong. - diff --git a/gen/18/26.md b/gen/18/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/18/26.md +++ b/gen/18/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/18/27.md b/gen/18/27.md index 3f824a6553..180d6e8b56 100644 --- a/gen/18/27.md +++ b/gen/18/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Abraham shows his respect to Yahweh by speaking to Yahweh as if he were speaking # only dust and ashes This metaphor describes Abraham as a human being, who will die and whose body will turn into to dust and ashes. Alternate translation: "only a mortal man" or "as unimportant as dust and ashes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/18/28.md b/gen/18/28.md index f3f9dedac5..e9d00268c7 100644 --- a/gen/18/28.md +++ b/gen/18/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I will not destroy it "I will not destroy Sodom" - diff --git a/gen/18/29.md b/gen/18/29.md index 855fc48584..1014cc84bb 100644 --- a/gen/18/29.md +++ b/gen/18/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. You may have to fill in the ellipsis, "ri # I will not do it for the forty's sake "I will not destroy the cities if I find forty righteous people there" - diff --git a/gen/18/30.md b/gen/18/30.md index a925ebe904..9bf28fb1ce 100644 --- a/gen/18/30.md +++ b/gen/18/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty will be found there This can be translated in active form. You may have to fill in the ellipsis, "righteous people." Alternate translation: "you will find thirty righteous people there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/gen/18/31.md b/gen/18/31.md index 454ba62f00..9e0d8fcc97 100644 --- a/gen/18/31.md +++ b/gen/18/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. You may have to fill in the ellipsis, "ri # for the twenty's sake "for the sake of the twenty" or "if I find twenty there." You may have to fill in the ellipsis, "righteous people." Alternate translation: "for the sake of the twenty righteous people" or "if I find twenty righteous people there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/gen/18/32.md b/gen/18/32.md index 3948e771db..c033ae6de5 100644 --- a/gen/18/32.md +++ b/gen/18/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # for the ten's sake "if I find ten righteous people there" - diff --git a/gen/18/33.md b/gen/18/33.md index f3d9db181c..e5034565ed 100644 --- a/gen/18/33.md +++ b/gen/18/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh went on his way Here "went on his way" is an idiom that means he left, or he continued his journey. Yahweh appeared to Abraham in human form as a traveler. Alternate translation: "Yahweh departed" or "Yahweh continued on his journey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/18/index.md b/gen/18/index.md index 9fd7729740..81d156bacb 100644 --- a/gen/18/index.md +++ b/gen/18/index.md @@ -18,4 +18,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/gomorrah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sarah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sodom]] - diff --git a/gen/18/intro.md b/gen/18/intro.md index 98a47d6df2..35890b4905 100644 --- a/gen/18/intro.md +++ b/gen/18/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,20 @@ # Genesis 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Three men -#### Three men The three men who visited Abraham were probably angels. This is evident from Abraham's reaction to them. Also, it appears Abraham knew that he was speaking directly to Yahweh through these men. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/angel]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Disbelief +### Disbelief + When Sarah heard the news that she was going to have a baby, she laughed in disbelief because she was considered too old to have a baby. She also asked a rhetorical question in order to further show her disbelief. This would have been considered an insult to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) In his exchange with God, Abraham did not show any sign of unbelief. Instead, he is asking God for mercy because he trusted in the character of God. He does not question God's power to accomplish things as Sarah had done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Sarah's age +### Sarah's age It should be apparent that Sarah was physically no longer able to have children because of her age. There is a natural period in a woman's life when she stops being able to have children. The text assumes the reader understands that Sarah has already experienced this event. In English, this is called "menopause." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ It should be apparent that Sarah was physically no longer able to have children * __[Genesis 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/19/01.md b/gen/19/01.md index 329a4e0e2b..4090383a52 100644 --- a/gen/19/01.md +++ b/gen/19/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The two men who have gone to Sodom ([Genesis 18:22](../18/22.md)) are really ang # bowed down with his face to the ground He put his knees on the ground then touched his forehead and nose to the ground. - diff --git a/gen/19/02.md b/gen/19/02.md index 48aec7386c..4cfdfb5749 100644 --- a/gen/19/02.md +++ b/gen/19/02.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ When the two angels said this, they were referring only to themselves, not to Lo # town square This is a public, outdoor place in the town. - diff --git a/gen/19/03.md b/gen/19/03.md index e5cdbb428f..8675ed74c1 100644 --- a/gen/19/03.md +++ b/gen/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they went with him "they turned and went with him" - diff --git a/gen/19/04.md b/gen/19/04.md index dd97a33973..2ff7cbcade 100644 --- a/gen/19/04.md +++ b/gen/19/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # both young and old "from the youngest to the oldest." This means "men of all ages" and refers to the men of Sodom who were surrounding Lot's house. - diff --git a/gen/19/05.md b/gen/19/05.md index ab2910d391..363c350dd5 100644 --- a/gen/19/05.md +++ b/gen/19/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that we may know them The phrase "know them" is a polite way of saying "have sexual relations with them." The men probably were not trying to be polite. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/06.md b/gen/19/06.md index a5a6635c3f..48cd406d2f 100644 --- a/gen/19/06.md +++ b/gen/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after himself "behind him" or "after he went through" - diff --git a/gen/19/07.md b/gen/19/07.md index f0151812eb..c1277bc279 100644 --- a/gen/19/07.md +++ b/gen/19/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Lot spoke in a friendly way to the men of the city hoping that they would listen # do not act so wickedly "do not do something so wicked" or "do not do such a wicked thing" - diff --git a/gen/19/08.md b/gen/19/08.md index 00f5571136..290e8c47f5 100644 --- a/gen/19/08.md +++ b/gen/19/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that the daughters had not had sexual relations w # under the shadow of my roof The two men were guests in Lot's home, so he needed to protect them. The word "roof" is a synecdoche for the whole house and a metaphor for Lot protecting them. Alternate translation: "into my house, and God expects me to protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/09.md b/gen/19/09.md index 7f51ece1fd..f4f922a706 100644 --- a/gen/19/09.md +++ b/gen/19/09.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "They kept coming closer to the man, to Lot, until they # the man ... Lot This is two ways of referring to Lot. - diff --git a/gen/19/10.md b/gen/19/10.md index e92748c1f4..6178f4421f 100644 --- a/gen/19/10.md +++ b/gen/19/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the men reached out their hands and brought ... them and shut Your language may need to add that the men opened the door first. Alternate translation: 'the men opened the door far enough so they could reach out their hands and pull ... them, and then they shut" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/11.md b/gen/19/11.md index 2d2cad8d18..dce4364959 100644 --- a/gen/19/11.md +++ b/gen/19/11.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this refers to age. Alternate translation: "both the yo # both small and great -This merism emphasizes that the visitors blinded all the men. Alternate translation: "men of all ages" or "men of every status" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) \ No newline at end of file +This merism emphasizes that the visitors blinded all the men. Alternate translation: "men of all ages" or "men of every status" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) diff --git a/gen/19/12.md b/gen/19/12.md index f298a19e79..31847af194 100644 --- a/gen/19/12.md +++ b/gen/19/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # whoever you have in the city "any other members of your family living in this city" - diff --git a/gen/19/13.md b/gen/19/13.md index b62909f81a..e754065f02 100644 --- a/gen/19/13.md +++ b/gen/19/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "we" here is exclusive. Only the two angels would destroy the city; Lot # the accusations against it before Yahweh have become so loud This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "accusations" is expressed as a verb. See how similar words are translated in [Genesis 18:20](../18/20.md). Alternate translation: "so many people have been telling Yahweh that the people of this city are doing evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/14.md b/gen/19/14.md index 62f72e20d0..74da566273 100644 --- a/gen/19/14.md +++ b/gen/19/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his sons-in-law, the men who had promised to marry his daughters The phrase "the men who had promised to marry his daughters" explains what "sons-in-law" means here. Alternate translation: "the men who were going to marry his daughters" or "his daughters' fiancés" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/15.md b/gen/19/15.md index 7d207a7686..451ba78d2f 100644 --- a/gen/19/15.md +++ b/gen/19/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God destroying the people of the city is spoken of as if a person were sweeping # of the city Here "city" stands for the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/16.md b/gen/19/16.md index 8a5b9b1e56..aa003f9396 100644 --- a/gen/19/16.md +++ b/gen/19/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # was merciful to him "had compassion on Lot." Yahweh is described as being "merciful" because he was sparing the lives of Lot and his family instead of destroying them when he destroyed the people of Sodom for the wrong they had done. - diff --git a/gen/19/17.md b/gen/19/17.md index 0d5d2e977b..231305658a 100644 --- a/gen/19/17.md +++ b/gen/19/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It is understood that they would swept away with the people of the city. This ca # not swept away God destroying the people of the city is spoken of as if a person were sweeping away dust. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/18.md b/gen/19/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/19/18.md +++ b/gen/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/19/19.md b/gen/19/19.md index 7b153552e1..35840aecb7 100644 --- a/gen/19/19.md +++ b/gen/19/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Being unable to get far enough away from Sodom when God destroys the city is spo # my life ... I cannot escape ... overtake me, and I will die It is implied that Lot's family would die along with him. Alternate translation: "our lives ... we cannot escape ... overtake us, and we will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/20.md b/gen/19/20.md index bd972ed96f..09b34b6806 100644 --- a/gen/19/20.md +++ b/gen/19/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Lot's full request can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "instead of dest # my life will be saved It is implied that the lives of Lot's family will be saved along with his. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that we will live" or "so that we will survive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/21.md b/gen/19/21.md index 8660c51f25..f24951d6da 100644 --- a/gen/19/21.md +++ b/gen/19/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am granting this request also "I will do what you have asked" - diff --git a/gen/19/22.md b/gen/19/22.md index 265fc5635f..961ef72c92 100644 --- a/gen/19/22.md +++ b/gen/19/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: "cannot destroy the other # Zoar Translators may add a footnote that says "The name Zoar sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'little.' Lot called this town 'little' in Genesis 19:20." - diff --git a/gen/19/23.md b/gen/19/23.md index 18e3c638e0..3c3b345922 100644 --- a/gen/19/23.md +++ b/gen/19/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # when Lot reached Zoar It is implied that Lot's family is with him. Alternate translation: "when Lot and his family arrived at Zoar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/24.md b/gen/19/24.md index ed65f31164..4c9f530553 100644 --- a/gen/19/24.md +++ b/gen/19/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "from Yahweh" stands for God's power to cause the sulfur and fire to # sulfur and fire These two words are used together to describe one object. Alternate translation: "burning sulfur" or "fiery rain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/25.md b/gen/19/25.md index 1aa4ff3e08..16c4b3cae7 100644 --- a/gen/19/25.md +++ b/gen/19/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers primarily to Sodom and Gomorrah, but also to three other towns. # the inhabitants of the cities "the people who lived in the cities" - diff --git a/gen/19/26.md b/gen/19/26.md index 2859dea3ba..89cdfa28e4 100644 --- a/gen/19/26.md +++ b/gen/19/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she became a pillar of salt "she became like a statue of salt" or "her body became like a tall stone of salt." Because she disobeyed the angel who told them not to look back at the city, God caused her to become something like a statue made out of rock salt. - diff --git a/gen/19/27.md b/gen/19/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/19/27.md +++ b/gen/19/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/19/28.md b/gen/19/28.md index bffb302856..c36b6a9740 100644 --- a/gen/19/28.md +++ b/gen/19/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "behold" draws attention to the surprising information that follows. # like the smoke of a furnace This shows that it was a very large amount of smoke. Alternate translation: "like the smoke from a very large fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/29.md b/gen/19/29.md index eaa04a295f..113baa388d 100644 --- a/gen/19/29.md +++ b/gen/19/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This tells why God rescued Lot. To "call to mind" is a way of saying "remember." # out of the midst of the destruction "away from the destruction" or "away from danger" - diff --git a/gen/19/30.md b/gen/19/30.md index d1ccbc4845..32c6dbfd65 100644 --- a/gen/19/30.md +++ b/gen/19/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lot went up from Zoar to live in the mountains The phrase "went up from" is used because Lot went to a higher elevation in the mountains. - diff --git a/gen/19/31.md b/gen/19/31.md index c8457043df..d138877dea 100644 --- a/gen/19/31.md +++ b/gen/19/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words are a euphemism for sexual relations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fig # according to the way of all the world Here "the world" stands for the people. Alternate translation: "as people everywhere do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/32.md b/gen/19/32.md index 2713aa191b..66dcea2aa1 100644 --- a/gen/19/32.md +++ b/gen/19/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "lie with" someone is a euphemism for having sexual relations with that perso # so that we may keep our family line alive through our father This speaks about giving Lot descendants as if his family were a line that they are making longer. Alternate translation: "so that we can bear children who will be our father's descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/33.md b/gen/19/33.md index 1e36d41633..18b27df57b 100644 --- a/gen/19/33.md +++ b/gen/19/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is probably a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation:"had sex # when she lay down Possible meanings are 1) these words are literal, a complement to "when she got up," or 2) they are a euphemism for sexual relations. Alternate translation: "when she had sexual relations with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/34.md b/gen/19/34.md index a65bd050dd..aa55e970a7 100644 --- a/gen/19/34.md +++ b/gen/19/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It can be made explicit that their goal was to get him drunk. Alternate translat # so that we may keep our family line alive through our father This speaks about giving Lot descendants as if his family were a line that they are making longer. Alternate translation: "so that we can bear children who will be our father's descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/35.md b/gen/19/35.md index 35a316dbfa..c18bd82086 100644 --- a/gen/19/35.md +++ b/gen/19/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is probably a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation:"had sex # when she lay down Possible meanings are 1) these words are literal, a complement to "when she got up," or 2) they are a euphemism for sexual relations. See how these words are translated in [Genesis 19:33](../19/33.md). Alternate translation: "when she had sexual relations with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/19/36.md b/gen/19/36.md index a7fb0b9ec2..4049d7f9c9 100644 --- a/gen/19/36.md +++ b/gen/19/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # conceived by their father "became pregnant by their father" or "conceived children with their father" - diff --git a/gen/19/37.md b/gen/19/37.md index c1221692b2..fbe6fc82c5 100644 --- a/gen/19/37.md +++ b/gen/19/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # of today The word "today" refers to the time when the author of Genesis was living. The author was born and wrote this many years after Lot's family lived and died. - diff --git a/gen/19/38.md b/gen/19/38.md index a353ee5e94..9ed7a9e2eb 100644 --- a/gen/19/38.md +++ b/gen/19/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a male name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the people of Ammon "the descendants of Ammon" or "the Ammon people" - diff --git a/gen/19/index.md b/gen/19/index.md index b2d23aef39..173f839a20 100644 --- a/gen/19/index.md +++ b/gen/19/index.md @@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/moab]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sodom]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/zoar]] - diff --git a/gen/19/intro.md b/gen/19/intro.md index 12ac7afc3c..b04c7e511a 100644 --- a/gen/19/intro.md +++ b/gen/19/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Genesis 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The evil desires of the Sodomites -#### The evil desires of the Sodomites The men of Sodom desired to forcibly have sexual relations with the angels who came to the city appearing as men. Such action is known as "rape." Their desire was viewed as especially evil because Lot was obligated to protect his guests at all costs, even that of sacrificing his own children for his guests. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -#### Hospitality -Hospitality, or being kind to a visitor, was very important in the Ancient Near East. Lot showed his guests loyalty by doing his utmost to protect them from the people of Sodom. +### Hospitality -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +Hospitality, or being kind to a visitor, was very important in the Ancient Near East. Lot showed his guests loyalty by doing his utmost to protect them from the people of Sodom. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Contrasts -#### Contrasts It is probable that Abraham's faith and actions in chapter 18 are intended to contrast with the actions of the worldly Sodomites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ It is probable that Abraham's faith and actions in chapter 18 are intended to co * __[Genesis 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/20/01.md b/gen/20/01.md index aa11427329..33ed0a292c 100644 --- a/gen/20/01.md +++ b/gen/20/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shur This is a desert region on the eastern border of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/20/02.md b/gen/20/02.md index 3034d7363c..21c8d8e177 100644 --- a/gen/20/02.md +++ b/gen/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sent for Sarah and took her "made his men go get Sarah and bring her to him" - diff --git a/gen/20/03.md b/gen/20/03.md index 7ac8c9ae1a..e1ecbb5b33 100644 --- a/gen/20/03.md +++ b/gen/20/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a strong way of saying the king will die. Alternate translation: "you wi # a man's wife "a married woman" - diff --git a/gen/20/04.md b/gen/20/04.md index de0f407156..d3a9f32338 100644 --- a/gen/20/04.md +++ b/gen/20/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying he did not have sex with her. Alternate translati # even a righteous nation Here "nation" stands for the people. Abimelech is worried that God will punish not only him, but his people also. Alternate translation: "even a people who are innocent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/20/05.md b/gen/20/05.md index 2f2df288d5..7797b94e2c 100644 --- a/gen/20/05.md +++ b/gen/20/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "he himself" and "she herself" are used for emphasis to bring attentio # I have done this in the integrity of my heart and the innocence of my hands Here "heart" stands for his thoughts or intentions. Also "hands" stands for his actions. Alternate translation: "I have done this with good intentions and actions" or "I have done this with no evil thoughts or actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/20/06.md b/gen/20/06.md index 3c1900c8da..b4f1231a75 100644 --- a/gen/20/06.md +++ b/gen/20/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" stands for his thoughts or intentions. Alternate translation: "you # to touch her This is a euphemism for having sex with Sarah. Alternate translation: "to sleep with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/20/07.md b/gen/20/07.md index a702b41896..593eaab2d5 100644 --- a/gen/20/07.md +++ b/gen/20/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # all who are yours "all of your people" - diff --git a/gen/20/08.md b/gen/20/08.md index fd3d0f1b69..b6bec7198c 100644 --- a/gen/20/08.md +++ b/gen/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He told all these things to them "He told them everything that God had told him" - diff --git a/gen/20/09.md b/gen/20/09.md index a21ee652ff..ff66671ceb 100644 --- a/gen/20/09.md +++ b/gen/20/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "kingdom" stands for the people. Alternate translation: "on the people of m # You have done to me deeds that ought not to be done "You should not have done this to me" - diff --git a/gen/20/10.md b/gen/20/10.md index 1be8780f9e..515c7f21bb 100644 --- a/gen/20/10.md +++ b/gen/20/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What prompted you to do this thing? "What caused you to do this?" or "Why did you do this?" What Abraham did can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "Why did you tell me that Sarah is your sister?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/20/11.md b/gen/20/11.md index fa683645db..05f3b0c122 100644 --- a/gen/20/11.md +++ b/gen/20/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "place" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "no one here in Gerar # fear of God This means to deeply respect God and show that respect by obeying him. - diff --git a/gen/20/12.md b/gen/20/12.md index 874cdbebd3..a7781ca5c1 100644 --- a/gen/20/12.md +++ b/gen/20/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother "we have the same father, but we have different mothers" - diff --git a/gen/20/13.md b/gen/20/13.md index d6c8d1ee8e..4037539d1b 100644 --- a/gen/20/13.md +++ b/gen/20/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" stands for Abraham's family. Alternate translation: "my father and # I said to her, 'You must show me this faithfulness as my wife: At every place where we go, say about me, "He is my brother."' This has quotations within quotations. They can be stated as indirect quotations. Alternate translation: "I said to Sarah that I wanted her to be faithful to me by telling people everywhere we go that I am her brother" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/gen/20/14.md b/gen/20/14.md index 7f347bb6de..96c30fe009 100644 --- a/gen/20/14.md +++ b/gen/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abimelek took "Abimelek brought some" - diff --git a/gen/20/15.md b/gen/20/15.md index 4848e7960c..e3ecf6b900 100644 --- a/gen/20/15.md +++ b/gen/20/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a way of saying "I make all of my land available to you" (See: [[rc://en # Settle wherever it pleases you "Live wherever you want" - diff --git a/gen/20/16.md b/gen/20/16.md index 4a6c3e15f3..4845d23857 100644 --- a/gen/20/16.md +++ b/gen/20/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate # before everyone, you are completely made right The passive phrase "made right" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everyone will know that you are innocent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/20/17.md b/gen/20/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/20/17.md +++ b/gen/20/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/20/18.md b/gen/20/18.md index 59ac5e2c86..eb92320a6d 100644 --- a/gen/20/18.md +++ b/gen/20/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because of Sarah, Abraham's wife The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "because Abimelech had taken Abraham's wife Sarah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/20/index.md b/gen/20/index.md index 9e994ec605..fc5b91a8e1 100644 --- a/gen/20/index.md +++ b/gen/20/index.md @@ -27,4 +27,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/kadesh]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/negev]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sarah]] - diff --git a/gen/20/intro.md b/gen/20/intro.md index 73d0773720..58c1d6c678 100644 --- a/gen/20/intro.md +++ b/gen/20/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Genesis 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "She is my sister" -#### "She is my sister" Abraham was afraid the people of Gerar would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his beautiful wife, they would try to kill him. This would free Sarah to marry someone else. Apparently, it would have been easy for them to kill a foreigner without punishment. If she was Abraham's sister, they would have shown favor to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Irony -#### Irony Abraham believed that the people of Gerar did not fear Yahweh, but when confronted by Yahweh, the king showed that he feared Yahweh. Instead, it was Abraham who did not show any fear of Yahweh when he sinned. This is irony. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Abraham believed that the people of Gerar did not fear Yahweh, but when confront * __[Genesis 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/21/01.md b/gen/21/01.md index c791aba6d2..8c352bb03b 100644 --- a/gen/21/01.md +++ b/gen/21/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh paid attention to Sarah Here the phrase "paid attention to" refers to Yahweh helping Sarah have a baby. Alternate translation: "Yahweh helped Sarah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/02.md b/gen/21/02.md index b578626cd4..cd777dd103 100644 --- a/gen/21/02.md +++ b/gen/21/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # at the set time of which God had spoken to him "at the exact time that God had told him it would happen" - diff --git a/gen/21/03.md b/gen/21/03.md index 57d16a4bdd..07ba715c40 100644 --- a/gen/21/03.md +++ b/gen/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abraham named his son, the one who had been born to him, whom Sarah bore to him, Isaac "Abraham named his newborn son, the one Sarah gave birth to, Isaac" or "Abraham named their newborn son Isaac" - diff --git a/gen/21/04.md b/gen/21/04.md index f174f98236..ad7f142828 100644 --- a/gen/21/04.md +++ b/gen/21/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # had commanded him "had commanded Abraham to do" - diff --git a/gen/21/05.md b/gen/21/05.md index 1e585e1bc4..c91578336a 100644 --- a/gen/21/05.md +++ b/gen/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one hundred "100" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/06.md b/gen/21/06.md index 48098fcb87..ebae4612a9 100644 --- a/gen/21/06.md +++ b/gen/21/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Sarah was laughing because she was surprised and happy. This can be made explici # every one who hears What people would hear can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "everyone who hears about what God has done for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/07.md b/gen/21/07.md index 2ce90e2fa9..72546ef2bb 100644 --- a/gen/21/07.md +++ b/gen/21/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation # nurse children This is a polite way of referring to breast-feeding babies. Alternate translation: "feed a baby her own milk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/08.md b/gen/21/08.md index b0ffd7b314..3bf67c1eb8 100644 --- a/gen/21/08.md +++ b/gen/21/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The child grew and ... Isaac was weaned "Wean" here is a polite way of saying the child was finished with breast feeding. Alternate translation: "Isaac grew, and when he no longer needed his mother's milk, Abraham had a large feast" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/09.md b/gen/21/09.md index 3ebc740314..e534eac2f3 100644 --- a/gen/21/09.md +++ b/gen/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name of Hagar's son can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "Ishmae # mocking It can be stated explicitly that he was jeering or laughing at Isaac. Alternate translation: "laughing at Isaac" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/10.md b/gen/21/10.md index 91584f5d9a..6cf1ec1d8e 100644 --- a/gen/21/10.md +++ b/gen/21/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Hagar and Ishmael. Sarah probably did not refer to them by name b # with my son, with Isaac "with my son Isaac" - diff --git a/gen/21/11.md b/gen/21/11.md index 2f6e4b12d2..e908184519 100644 --- a/gen/21/11.md +++ b/gen/21/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because of his son "because it was about his son." It is implied that this means his son, Ishmael. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/12.md b/gen/21/12.md index e900788982..aded3630d0 100644 --- a/gen/21/12.md +++ b/gen/21/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # it is through Isaac that your descendants will be named The phrase "will be named" means those born through Isaac are the ones God considers to be the descendants that he promised Abraham. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Isaac is the one who will be the forefather of the descendants I promised to give you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/13.md b/gen/21/13.md index 400fdfd869..4195239d11 100644 --- a/gen/21/13.md +++ b/gen/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will also make the son of the servant woman into a nation The word "nation" means God will give him many descendants so that they become a great nation of people. Alternate translation: "I will make the servant woman's son also become the father of a great nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/14.md b/gen/21/14.md index d1d2ebc5a4..293db8b018 100644 --- a/gen/21/14.md +++ b/gen/21/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words could refer to 1) food in general or 2) bread specifically. (See: [[ # a skin of water "a bag of water." The water container was made out of animal skin. - diff --git a/gen/21/15.md b/gen/21/15.md index 9ed3e5f8a7..506cfc69c4 100644 --- a/gen/21/15.md +++ b/gen/21/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When the water in the waterskin was gone "When the water bag was empty" or "When they had drank all of the water" - diff --git a/gen/21/16.md b/gen/21/16.md index 929c0b549a..e0d31ed5ad 100644 --- a/gen/21/16.md +++ b/gen/21/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "death" can be stated as "die." Alternate translation: "I do n # she lifted up her voice and wept Here "voice" stands for the sound of her crying. To "life up her voice" means to cry loudly. Alternate translation: "she cried out loudly and wept" or "she wept loudly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/17.md b/gen/21/17.md index 2d6a50df11..b2ede92ec4 100644 --- a/gen/21/17.md +++ b/gen/21/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "heaven" means the place where God lives. # the voice of the young man where he is Here "voice" stands for the sound of the young man crying or speaking. Alternate translation: "the sound of the young man lying over there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/18.md b/gen/21/18.md index 8dcb7fab96..0a9194751d 100644 --- a/gen/21/18.md +++ b/gen/21/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will make him into a great nation To make Ishmael into a great nation means God will give him many descendants who will become a great nation. Alternate translation: "I will make his descendants become a great nation" or "I will make him become the ancestor of a great nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/19.md b/gen/21/19.md index 25662c708b..ce607961e1 100644 --- a/gen/21/19.md +++ b/gen/21/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God making Hagar aware of the well is spoken of as if he literally opened her ey # the young man "the boy" or "Ishmael" - diff --git a/gen/21/20.md b/gen/21/20.md index faa4327988..f7ad5253b4 100644 --- a/gen/21/20.md +++ b/gen/21/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the phrase "was with" is an idiom that means God helped or blessed the youn # became an archer "became very skilled at using a bow and arrows" - diff --git a/gen/21/21.md b/gen/21/21.md index 41e28cb9fa..179a027e01 100644 --- a/gen/21/21.md +++ b/gen/21/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # got a wife "found a wife" - diff --git a/gen/21/22.md b/gen/21/22.md index f835ffcd29..16a3f0e8f7 100644 --- a/gen/21/22.md +++ b/gen/21/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "his" refers to Abimelech. # God is with you in all that you do Here the phrase "is with you" is an idiom that means God helps or blesses Abraham. Alternate translation: "God blesses everything you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/23.md b/gen/21/23.md index 05638a2893..adee0cf0b3 100644 --- a/gen/21/23.md +++ b/gen/21/23.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The two men had made a covenant with each other. The abstract noun "faithfulness # to the land Here "land" stands for the people. Alternate translation: "to the people of the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/24.md b/gen/21/24.md index a259fa214a..e4cc2c2b71 100644 --- a/gen/21/24.md +++ b/gen/21/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I swear This can be stated with the understood information. Alternate translation: "I swear to be as faithful to you and your people as you have been to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/25.md b/gen/21/25.md index 3dbe9a2927..e791df5458 100644 --- a/gen/21/25.md +++ b/gen/21/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Abraham was complaining about what happened or 2) "Abra # seized from him "taken from Abraham" or "had taken control of" - diff --git a/gen/21/26.md b/gen/21/26.md index 2cff25e5c8..5cd0225434 100644 --- a/gen/21/26.md +++ b/gen/21/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have not heard of it until today "This is the first time I have heard about it" - diff --git a/gen/21/27.md b/gen/21/27.md index 36479edd07..14f3e728fe 100644 --- a/gen/21/27.md +++ b/gen/21/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abraham took sheep and cattle and gave them to Abimelek This is a sign of friendship and that Abraham agrees to make covenant with Abimelek. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/28.md b/gen/21/28.md index 13ff70640e..2486a9e17f 100644 --- a/gen/21/28.md +++ b/gen/21/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abraham set seven female lambs of the flock by themselves "Abraham separated seven female lambs from the flock" - diff --git a/gen/21/29.md b/gen/21/29.md index 6642b390c8..04b03cacb1 100644 --- a/gen/21/29.md +++ b/gen/21/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What is the meaning of these seven female lambs that you have set by themselves? "Why have you separated these seven lambs from the flock?" - diff --git a/gen/21/30.md b/gen/21/30.md index bd48fcd3de..3d0c22e7c8 100644 --- a/gen/21/30.md +++ b/gen/21/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "it" refers to the gift of seven lambs. # so that it may be a witness for me The abstract noun "witness" can be stated as "to prove." Alternate translation: "to prove to everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/21/31.md b/gen/21/31.md index 3c081796f4..e961e0048b 100644 --- a/gen/21/31.md +++ b/gen/21/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote saying "Beersheba can mean either "well of the oa # they both "Abraham and Abimelech" - diff --git a/gen/21/32.md b/gen/21/32.md index 276601a905..47d7b9138a 100644 --- a/gen/21/32.md +++ b/gen/21/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Phicol This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 21:22](../21/22.md). - diff --git a/gen/21/33.md b/gen/21/33.md index c0177ab2db..4582c7b267 100644 --- a/gen/21/33.md +++ b/gen/21/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an evergreen tree that can grow in the desert. It can be stated more gen # the eternal God "the God who lives forever" - diff --git a/gen/21/34.md b/gen/21/34.md index 61b1d34aba..777eed337e 100644 --- a/gen/21/34.md +++ b/gen/21/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # many days "for a long time" - diff --git a/gen/21/index.md b/gen/21/index.md index c72251a120..330ce4334f 100644 --- a/gen/21/index.md +++ b/gen/21/index.md @@ -45,4 +45,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/paran]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/philistines]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sarah]] - diff --git a/gen/21/intro.md b/gen/21/intro.md index 407e47f751..c23c2989b7 100644 --- a/gen/21/intro.md +++ b/gen/21/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,17 @@ # Genesis 21 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sarah's anger -#### Sarah's anger After Sarah was able to have her own child, and he survived infancy, she began to get angry with Abraham's other son, Ishmael. He would have been a constant reminder of her own sin. God blessed Ishmael, but he was not able to inherit the promises given to Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) -#### Abandoning Ishmael +### Abandoning Ishmael + According to the law at this time, Hagar was able to gain her freedom from slavery by abandoning any claim to receive an inheritance. This is why Hagar would have abandoned her son under the tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Treaty +### Treaty + The Gentile king, Abimelech, made a covenant or treaty with Abraham. It is possible that he did this because he recognized the power of Abraham's God, but his exact reasons are unknown. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +19,3 @@ The Gentile king, Abimelech, made a covenant or treaty with Abraham. It is possi * __[Genesis 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/22/01.md b/gen/22/01.md index 46179f0047..770820596e 100644 --- a/gen/22/01.md +++ b/gen/22/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that God tests Abraham to learn if Abraham will be faithful to him # Here I am "Yes, I am listening" or "Yes, what is it?" - diff --git a/gen/22/02.md b/gen/22/02.md index 3eb2220614..0b7947d955 100644 --- a/gen/22/02.md +++ b/gen/22/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This emphasizes Abraham's love for his son, Isaac. # the land of Moriah "the land called Moriah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/03.md b/gen/22/03.md index 74bf0592a8..e7aebeae62 100644 --- a/gen/22/03.md +++ b/gen/22/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # set out on his journey "started his journey" or "started traveling" - diff --git a/gen/22/04.md b/gen/22/04.md index 98b0ec7e8e..5746a6be30 100644 --- a/gen/22/04.md +++ b/gen/22/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "third" is the ordinal number for three. Alternate translation: "After # saw the place afar off "saw far away the place that God had spoken of" - diff --git a/gen/22/05.md b/gen/22/05.md index 860e9b472f..a1d0587d42 100644 --- a/gen/22/05.md +++ b/gen/22/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "we" refers only to Abraham and Isaac, but not to the young men. (See: # come again to you "return to you" - diff --git a/gen/22/06.md b/gen/22/06.md index fea9a2c823..deb2f6b906 100644 --- a/gen/22/06.md +++ b/gen/22/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "fire" stands for a pan containing burning coals or a torch or lamp. Altern # they went both of them together "they left together" or "the two of them went together" - diff --git a/gen/22/07.md b/gen/22/07.md index bea97d141d..bec12c72cd 100644 --- a/gen/22/07.md +++ b/gen/22/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "fire" stands for a pan containing burning coals or a torch or lamp. See ho # the lamb for the burnt offering "the lamb that you will give as a burnt offering" - diff --git a/gen/22/08.md b/gen/22/08.md index dbdd13da01..316a2d2df2 100644 --- a/gen/22/08.md +++ b/gen/22/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "himself" emphasizes that it is God who will provide the lamb. (See: [[rc:/ # will provide "will give us" - diff --git a/gen/22/09.md b/gen/22/09.md index 58d2204297..0f88e5475b 100644 --- a/gen/22/09.md +++ b/gen/22/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # on the altar, on top of the wood "on top of the wood that was on the altar" - diff --git a/gen/22/10.md b/gen/22/10.md index f7cd1cd5f8..0a6f80fea8 100644 --- a/gen/22/10.md +++ b/gen/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reached out with his hand and took up the knife "picked up the knife" - diff --git a/gen/22/11.md b/gen/22/11.md index 98f345a3fb..16b7d23e73 100644 --- a/gen/22/11.md +++ b/gen/22/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the place where God lives. # Here I am "Yes, I am listening" or "Yes, what is it?" See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). - diff --git a/gen/22/12.md b/gen/22/12.md index d73b298f30..953eeb6867 100644 --- a/gen/22/12.md +++ b/gen/22/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to deeply respecting God and showing that respect by obeying him. # your son, your only son It is implied that God knows that Abraham has another son, Ishmael. This emphasizes that Isaac is the son that God promised to give Abraham. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 22:2](../22/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/13.md b/gen/22/13.md index 64bee6c6ea..8f4bef5dc9 100644 --- a/gen/22/13.md +++ b/gen/22/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "was a ram whose horns # went and took the ram "Abraham went over to the ram and took it" - diff --git a/gen/22/14.md b/gen/22/14.md index 71b3ed309c..14d7e552f3 100644 --- a/gen/22/14.md +++ b/gen/22/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Use the same word for "provide" as you used in [Genesis 22:8](../22/08.md). # it will be provided This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will provide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/15.md b/gen/22/15.md index 118d8bc723..e787ad4a1a 100644 --- a/gen/22/15.md +++ b/gen/22/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "second" is the ordinal number for two. Alternate translation: "again" # from heaven Here the word "heaven" refers to the place where God lives. - diff --git a/gen/22/16.md b/gen/22/16.md index 56c0e458ce..f04c3d2d2e 100644 --- a/gen/22/16.md +++ b/gen/22/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # your son, your only son It is implied that God knows that Abraham has another son, Ishmael. This emphasizes that Isaac is the son that God promised to give Abraham. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 22:2](../22/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/17.md b/gen/22/17.md index 66271f041b..dbb0d4fdfa 100644 --- a/gen/22/17.md +++ b/gen/22/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "heavens" refers to everything we see above the earth, including t # will possess the gate of their enemies Here "gate" represents the whole city. To "possess the gate of their enemies" means destroying their enemies. Alternate translation: "will completely triumph over their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/18.md b/gen/22/18.md index d1c9c65db2..f62fb3792b 100644 --- a/gen/22/18.md +++ b/gen/22/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "nations" stands for the people of the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # you have obeyed my voice Here "voice" stands for what God said. Alternate translation: "you have obeyed what I said" or "you have obeyed me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/19.md b/gen/22/19.md index 4657e52a65..d081280718 100644 --- a/gen/22/19.md +++ b/gen/22/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Only Abraham was named because he was the father, but it was implied that his so # he lived at Beersheba Only Abraham was mentioned because he was the leader of his family and servants, but it was implied that they were with him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Abraham and his people stayed in Beersheba" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/20.md b/gen/22/20.md index 231b99b4d6..2b3f2d85bc 100644 --- a/gen/22/20.md +++ b/gen/22/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone told Abraham" # Milkah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/21.md b/gen/22/21.md index 64f5af736a..45c6cc0695 100644 --- a/gen/22/21.md +++ b/gen/22/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Uz ... Buz ... Kemuel ... Aram These are all names of men. Translate this so that it is clear that all of these except Aram are the sons of Nahor and Milkah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/22.md b/gen/22/22.md index ea9d96ef14..e4bae13491 100644 --- a/gen/22/22.md +++ b/gen/22/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel These are all names of men. Translate this so that it is clear that all of these are the sons of Nahor and Milkah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/23.md b/gen/22/23.md index c62d0e00d0..657828ff4b 100644 --- a/gen/22/23.md +++ b/gen/22/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # These were the eight children that Milkah bore to Nahor, Abraham's brother "These were the eight children of Milkah and Nahor, Abraham's brother." This refers to the children that were listed in [Genesis 22:21-22](./21.md). - diff --git a/gen/22/24.md b/gen/22/24.md index 1dd23baf5d..1ec9bbe617 100644 --- a/gen/22/24.md +++ b/gen/22/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maakah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/22/index.md b/gen/22/index.md index a934c2a2ad..e9d83b4baf 100644 --- a/gen/22/index.md +++ b/gen/22/index.md @@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/isaac]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/nahor]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rebekah]] - diff --git a/gen/22/intro.md b/gen/22/intro.md index 7a5c7f1a4f..f0582a0421 100644 --- a/gen/22/intro.md +++ b/gen/22/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Genesis 22 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sacrificing his son -#### Sacrificing his son Although Isaac was not Abraham's only son, he was the son who was to inherit Abraham's promised blessings. It is possible this parallels God's actual sacrifice of his son, Jesus, for the sins of man. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Covenant affirmation +### Covenant affirmation + After important events, it is common for Scripture to affirm the tenets of a covenant. This serves as a reminder of the covenant and affirms it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### God tests Abraham -#### God tests Abraham Extra care should be taken when translating "testing." It is best to avoid using the same word used for "tempting" even though they overlap in meaning. This is because Scripture also says God does not tempt anyone. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tempt]] and [James 2:13](../../jas/02/13.md)) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ Extra care should be taken when translating "testing." It is best to avoid using * __[Genesis 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/23/01.md b/gen/23/01.md index c248147f94..8e928ec38e 100644 --- a/gen/23/01.md +++ b/gen/23/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These were the years of the life of Sarah Some translations do not include this sentence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/02.md b/gen/23/02.md index 9fc88b304b..2b2dbc3286 100644 --- a/gen/23/02.md +++ b/gen/23/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Abraham mourned and wept for Sarah "Abraham was very sad and cried because Sarah died" - diff --git a/gen/23/03.md b/gen/23/03.md index 948b9afa03..70f0b3f066 100644 --- a/gen/23/03.md +++ b/gen/23/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the sons of Heth Here "sons" stands for those who descended from Heth. Alternate translation: "the descendants of Heth" or "the Hittites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/04.md b/gen/23/04.md index 0ce31f8634..134d4e6076 100644 --- a/gen/23/04.md +++ b/gen/23/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idea may be expressed in terms of location. "in your country" or "here" # my dead The nominal adjective "dead" can be stated as an adjective or a verb. Alternate translation: "my dead wife" or "my wife who has died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/05.md b/gen/23/05.md index 8471d8eebe..d92e77beb0 100644 --- a/gen/23/05.md +++ b/gen/23/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The sons of Heth Here "sons" stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: "The descendants of Heth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/06.md b/gen/23/06.md index 77d1be51d4..408737f764 100644 --- a/gen/23/06.md +++ b/gen/23/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The nominal adjective "dead" can be stated as a verb or simply as "wife." Altern # refuse you his tomb "withhold his burial place from you" or "refuse to give to you his tomb" - diff --git a/gen/23/07.md b/gen/23/07.md index 9ed53fd111..58ab9cf300 100644 --- a/gen/23/07.md +++ b/gen/23/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to bend over or kneel down very low to humbly express respect and hon # the sons of Heth Here "sons" stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: "the descendants of Heth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/08.md b/gen/23/08.md index fa35d489af..42ce23d58d 100644 --- a/gen/23/08.md +++ b/gen/23/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The nominal adjective "dead" can be stated as a verb or simply as "wife." Altern # Ephron ... Zohar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/09.md b/gen/23/09.md index 2881b5214d..1d78c9990b 100644 --- a/gen/23/09.md +++ b/gen/23/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This also tells something about the cave. The cave was at the end of Ephron's fi # as a property "as a piece of land that I may own and use" - diff --git a/gen/23/10.md b/gen/23/10.md index f2482c22c2..48a0f9f080 100644 --- a/gen/23/10.md +++ b/gen/23/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The city gate was where the leaders of the city would meet to make important dec # his city "the city where he lived." This phrase shows that Ephron belonged to that city. It does not mean that he owned it. - diff --git a/gen/23/11.md b/gen/23/11.md index baa1948891..5bdf02040b 100644 --- a/gen/23/11.md +++ b/gen/23/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrase shows that Ephron was part of that group of people. It does not mean # your dead The nominal adjective "dead" can be stated as a verb or simply as "wife." Alternate translation: "your wife who has died" or "your wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/12.md b/gen/23/12.md index 0a025f827f..0a53f09200 100644 --- a/gen/23/12.md +++ b/gen/23/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to bend over or kneel down very low to humbly express respect and hon # people of the land "people who lived in that area" - diff --git a/gen/23/13.md b/gen/23/13.md index 1aad4b4ea0..a6ae6d0753 100644 --- a/gen/23/13.md +++ b/gen/23/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "but" shows a contrast. Ephron wanted to give the field to Abraham; Abr # my dead The nominal adjective "dead" can be stated as a verb or simply as "wife." Alternate translation: "my wife who has died" or "my wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/14.md b/gen/23/14.md index b10415d1e0..0769a1e941 100644 --- a/gen/23/14.md +++ b/gen/23/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ephron This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/15.md b/gen/23/15.md index 85479438d5..ada8adc58f 100644 --- a/gen/23/15.md +++ b/gen/23/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is about 4.5 kilograms of silver. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bwei # Bury your dead The nominal adjective "dead" can be stated as a verb or simply as "wife." Alternate translation: "Go bury your wife who has died" or "Go bury your wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/16.md b/gen/23/16.md index 1d4c69bbc2..0a93c5e3e6 100644 --- a/gen/23/16.md +++ b/gen/23/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "sons" stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated thi # according to the standard measurement of the merchants "using the standard measurement of weight that merchants used." This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "He weighed the silver the same way that the merchants used to weigh it" - diff --git a/gen/23/17.md b/gen/23/17.md index b384f9656f..11df35a346 100644 --- a/gen/23/17.md +++ b/gen/23/17.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre This phrase explains what the author meant when he wrote "the field of Ephron." It was not only the field, but also the cave and trees in the field. # passed -"became property that belonged" +"became property that belonged" diff --git a/gen/23/18.md b/gen/23/18.md index c65db3fce0..d010ad82bf 100644 --- a/gen/23/18.md +++ b/gen/23/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The city gate was where the leaders of the city would meet to make important dec # his city "the city where he lived." This phrase shows that Ephron belonged to that city. It does not mean that he owned it. - diff --git a/gen/23/19.md b/gen/23/19.md index 888fd54bf3..dc38bd42f0 100644 --- a/gen/23/19.md +++ b/gen/23/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # that is, Hebron Possible meanings are 1) Mamre was another name for Hebron or 2) Hebron was formerly called Mamre or 3) Mamre was very near the larger city of Hebron, so people usually called it Hebron. - diff --git a/gen/23/20.md b/gen/23/20.md index b665ff458c..02b25b1ee3 100644 --- a/gen/23/20.md +++ b/gen/23/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the sons of Heth Here "sons" stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: "the descendants of Heth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/23/index.md b/gen/23/index.md index 853809d954..69f27a6de5 100644 --- a/gen/23/index.md +++ b/gen/23/index.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/hebron]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/hittite]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sarah]] - diff --git a/gen/23/intro.md b/gen/23/intro.md index 05ea8bb0a1..eb33399ee2 100644 --- a/gen/23/intro.md +++ b/gen/23/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Genesis 23 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Abraham's character -#### Abraham's character Abraham's interaction with the people show that he was greatly respected. This would have been unusual for a foreigner and indicates that Abraham was a man of great character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Burial -Burial was a common practice when Abraham lived, but only the wealthy were able to bury their dead relatives in this way. +### Burial + +Burial was a common practice when Abraham lived, but only the wealthy were able to bury their dead relatives in this way. ## Links: * __[Genesis 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/24/01.md b/gen/24/01.md index f294e3abc7..57cb71041a 100644 --- a/gen/24/01.md +++ b/gen/24/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the story. - diff --git a/gen/24/02.md b/gen/24/02.md index 8fb6eeea69..fb71188dd2 100644 --- a/gen/24/02.md +++ b/gen/24/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Put your hand under my thigh Abraham was about to ask the servant to swear to do something. Putting his hand under Abraham's thigh would show that he would certainly do what he would swear to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/03.md b/gen/24/03.md index 0f83594ff7..f46ce4a957 100644 --- a/gen/24/03.md +++ b/gen/24/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the place where God lives. # among whom I make my home "among whom I live." Here, "I" stands for Abraham and all of his family and servants. Alternate translation: "among whom we live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/04.md b/gen/24/04.md index 849dca7ba3..0e6e4fde92 100644 --- a/gen/24/04.md +++ b/gen/24/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as a command. Alternate translation: "Swear that you will go" # my relatives "my family" - diff --git a/gen/24/05.md b/gen/24/05.md index e545e43153..8b2529c4f2 100644 --- a/gen/24/05.md +++ b/gen/24/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Must I take your son back to the land from which you came "Should I take you son to live in the land from which you came" - diff --git a/gen/24/06.md b/gen/24/06.md index ec8a26584a..41f4f3b7cc 100644 --- a/gen/24/06.md +++ b/gen/24/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Make sure that you do not take my son back there The phrase "Make sure" emphasizes the command that follows. "Be careful not to take my son back there" or "You definitely must not take my son there" - diff --git a/gen/24/07.md b/gen/24/07.md index 91640908eb..c3ffeafb9b 100644 --- a/gen/24/07.md +++ b/gen/24/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # he will send his angel The words "he" and "his" refer to Yahweh. - diff --git a/gen/24/08.md b/gen/24/08.md index 5c9ee31093..93ce9074bf 100644 --- a/gen/24/08.md +++ b/gen/24/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Verse 8 is a continuation of the instructions Abraham gave his servant. # you will be free from this oath of mine "you will be released from the oath you made to me." Not having to fulfill an oath is spoken of as if the person is free from an object to which he was bound. Alternate translation: "you will not have to do what you swore to me that you would do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/09.md b/gen/24/09.md index fcd6bc3cb8..2b0f53c7e6 100644 --- a/gen/24/09.md +++ b/gen/24/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was to show that he would certainly do what he was swearing to do. (See: [[ # concerning this matter "concerning Abraham's request" or "that he would do what Abraham said" - diff --git a/gen/24/10.md b/gen/24/10.md index 84ad792855..51d26212b7 100644 --- a/gen/24/10.md +++ b/gen/24/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means he also took many good things that his master wanted to give to the w # the city of Nahor Possible meanings are 1) the city where Nahor lived" or 2) "the city called Nahor." If you can translate it without choosing a meaning, do so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/11.md b/gen/24/11.md index 468ca188df..bf64498643 100644 --- a/gen/24/11.md +++ b/gen/24/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Camels are tall animals with long legs. He made them bend their legs and lower t # draw water "get water" - diff --git a/gen/24/12.md b/gen/24/12.md index ecd64bed95..7ddfc75ed4 100644 --- a/gen/24/12.md +++ b/gen/24/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can state this with the connecting word "by." This makes clear how the serva # show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful." Alternate translation: "be faithful to the covenant you have with my master Abraham" or "be faithful to my master Abraham" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/13.md b/gen/24/13.md index ee9116fd7a..208813d72e 100644 --- a/gen/24/13.md +++ b/gen/24/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the daughters of the men of the city "the young women of the city" - diff --git a/gen/24/14.md b/gen/24/14.md index 9a2d900458..b7563b859e 100644 --- a/gen/24/14.md +++ b/gen/24/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids # that you have shown covenant faithfulness to my master The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "been faithful." Alternate translation: "that you have been faithful to the covenant you have with my master Abraham" or "you have been faithful to my master Abraham" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/15.md b/gen/24/15.md index a2a7cfd717..dd5a6b136d 100644 --- a/gen/24/15.md +++ b/gen/24/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated his name in [Genesis 11:22](.. # Milkah Milkah was Nahor's wife and Bethuel's mother. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 11:29](../11/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/16.md b/gen/24/16.md index c0e5a2281e..c8bb79afe1 100644 --- a/gen/24/16.md +++ b/gen/24/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that the she had not had sexual relations with an # She went down to the spring ... and came up The spring was somewhere lower in elevation than where the servant was standing. - diff --git a/gen/24/17.md b/gen/24/17.md index 4e6c2c7be4..aca065fbab 100644 --- a/gen/24/17.md +++ b/gen/24/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). - diff --git a/gen/24/18.md b/gen/24/18.md index a0c9866949..e706c49c58 100644 --- a/gen/24/18.md +++ b/gen/24/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # she quickly let down her pitcher on her hand "she quickly lowered her pitcher." She was carrying the pitcher on her shoulder. She had to lower it to get water for the servant. - diff --git a/gen/24/19.md b/gen/24/19.md index b9dab6092b..aea22dec82 100644 --- a/gen/24/19.md +++ b/gen/24/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will draw water "I will get water" - diff --git a/gen/24/20.md b/gen/24/20.md index def42cb62a..309feab68b 100644 --- a/gen/24/20.md +++ b/gen/24/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the trough "the animals' water trough." A trough is a long open container for holding water for animals to drink. - diff --git a/gen/24/21.md b/gen/24/21.md index 16c04c8462..60ef6dc464 100644 --- a/gen/24/21.md +++ b/gen/24/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Learning something is often spoken of as if it were seeing. Alternate translatio # or not You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: "or not prospered his journey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/22.md b/gen/24/22.md index cd8dc8aa1c..6ba92444e6 100644 --- a/gen/24/22.md +++ b/gen/24/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # two gold bracelets for her arms weighing ten shekels "two gold bracelets for her arms that weighed 110 grams." The weight shows their size and value. Alternate translation: "two large gold bracelets for her arms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/23.md b/gen/24/23.md index 99dc8ead48..47198429d4 100644 --- a/gen/24/23.md +++ b/gen/24/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Apparently other men went on this journey with Abraham's servant. Here "us" refe # to spend the night "to stay tonight" or "to stay for the night" - diff --git a/gen/24/24.md b/gen/24/24.md index 48bbc85a1b..973c3b743b 100644 --- a/gen/24/24.md +++ b/gen/24/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I am the daughter of Bethuel son of Milkah, whom she bore to Nahor "Bethuel is my father, and his parents are Milkah and Nahor" - diff --git a/gen/24/25.md b/gen/24/25.md index a15c7a2e6f..45ed50bacb 100644 --- a/gen/24/25.md +++ b/gen/24/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is understood that the straw and feed are for the camels. You can make clear # for you Here "you" refers to the servant and those traveling with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/26.md b/gen/24/26.md index 61a2f2d7ac..d6e91cfd77 100644 --- a/gen/24/26.md +++ b/gen/24/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bowed down This is a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/27.md b/gen/24/27.md index 6046ade676..6ed9af8b13 100644 --- a/gen/24/27.md +++ b/gen/24/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "continues to show" # my master's relatives "my master's family" or "my master's clan" - diff --git a/gen/24/28.md b/gen/24/28.md index 1c3d60a364..6d3054bc02 100644 --- a/gen/24/28.md +++ b/gen/24/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "household" stands for all the people living in her mother's house. Alterna # all of these things "everything that had just happened" - diff --git a/gen/24/29.md b/gen/24/29.md index 4e6343fc40..dee5ef5824 100644 --- a/gen/24/29.md +++ b/gen/24/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the author tells background information about Rebekah. The author introduces her brother, Laban, to the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/30.md b/gen/24/30.md index aef5d56be0..fd98c95b61 100644 --- a/gen/24/30.md +++ b/gen/24/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "when he had # behold, he The word "behold" here adds emphasis to what follows. "it was just as she had said: he" - diff --git a/gen/24/31.md b/gen/24/31.md index 1c185759d4..b2763552a3 100644 --- a/gen/24/31.md +++ b/gen/24/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "you" refers to Abraham's servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # Why are you standing outside? Laban used this question to invite Abraham's servant into his house. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You do not need to stay outside." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/32.md b/gen/24/32.md index 317ffd7e17..9e743f3eb2 100644 --- a/gen/24/32.md +++ b/gen/24/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This does not say who did the work. If you state this in active form use "Laban' # to wash his feet ... him "for Abraham's servant and the men who were with him to wash their feet" - diff --git a/gen/24/33.md b/gen/24/33.md index 930660d077..fbcca403a4 100644 --- a/gen/24/33.md +++ b/gen/24/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here, the word "they" refers to Laban's family members or to the household serva # said what I have to say "spoken my words" or "told you why I am here" - diff --git a/gen/24/34.md b/gen/24/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/24/34.md +++ b/gen/24/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/24/35.md b/gen/24/35.md index a42c029336..46a85cf364 100644 --- a/gen/24/35.md +++ b/gen/24/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "he" refers to Abraham. # He has given The word "he" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/gen/24/36.md b/gen/24/36.md index bf6e8e9ca9..ba851f9074 100644 --- a/gen/24/36.md +++ b/gen/24/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Abraham's servant continues speaking to Rebekah's family. # he has given ... to him "my master has given ... to his son" - diff --git a/gen/24/37.md b/gen/24/37.md index 59532c3751..23a6d635db 100644 --- a/gen/24/37.md +++ b/gen/24/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Canaanite females. Alternate translation: "from the Canaanite wom # in whose land I make my home "among whom I live." Here, "I" stands for Abraham and all of his family and servants. Alternate translation: "among whom we live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/38.md b/gen/24/38.md index f4a59e3705..5dc9cf4e3d 100644 --- a/gen/24/38.md +++ b/gen/24/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to my relatives "to my own clan" - diff --git a/gen/24/39.md b/gen/24/39.md index 09b2c476b2..d644702bcd 100644 --- a/gen/24/39.md +++ b/gen/24/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Abraham's servant continues speaking to Rebekah's family. # Perhaps the woman will not follow me. This is something that could possibly happen. The servant wanted to know what he should do if that happened. Alternate translation: "What if the woman will not come back with me?" or "What should I do if the woman will not come back with me?" - diff --git a/gen/24/40.md b/gen/24/40.md index 626c404f3c..f6cd249f03 100644 --- a/gen/24/40.md +++ b/gen/24/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Serving Yahweh is spoken of as if Abraham were walking in Yahweh's presence. Alt # family line "family" - diff --git a/gen/24/41.md b/gen/24/41.md index 602c03b72b..0f27cd2d20 100644 --- a/gen/24/41.md +++ b/gen/24/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if you come to my relatives Languages use the words come and go differently. Alternate translation: "if you arrive at my relatives' home" or "if you go to my relatives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/42.md b/gen/24/42.md index 3edd962877..5f4a163d1e 100644 --- a/gen/24/42.md +++ b/gen/24/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Abraham's servant continues speaking to Rebekah's family. # the spring "the well" - diff --git a/gen/24/43.md b/gen/24/43.md index dce56fbbb4..261dbf24be 100644 --- a/gen/24/43.md +++ b/gen/24/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The servant goes back to stating his request. These are the first two things he # pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). - diff --git a/gen/24/44.md b/gen/24/44.md index 7a288998b7..c9a104e59b 100644 --- a/gen/24/44.md +++ b/gen/24/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The thought that begins with the words "let the young woman who comes" in verse # let her be the woman The servant finishes his request. - diff --git a/gen/24/45.md b/gen/24/45.md index 1047a7415e..4bf07f90c0 100644 --- a/gen/24/45.md +++ b/gen/24/45.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "went down" is used because the spring was somewhere lower than where # spring opening in the ground from which fresh water comes - diff --git a/gen/24/46.md b/gen/24/46.md index 0c5b92337e..b69b69886e 100644 --- a/gen/24/46.md +++ b/gen/24/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # watered the camels "gave water to the camels" - diff --git a/gen/24/47.md b/gen/24/47.md index 91131fd2f8..cc686c9317 100644 --- a/gen/24/47.md +++ b/gen/24/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Abraham's servant continues speaking to Rebekah's family. # ring ... bracelets In this story, all of these items were made of gold. See how you translated these in [Genesis 24:22](../24/22.md). - diff --git a/gen/24/48.md b/gen/24/48.md index ffe2b4112b..b8412f9abb 100644 --- a/gen/24/48.md +++ b/gen/24/48.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The connecting word "because" can be used to show this is why the servant worshi # my master's relative This refers to Bethuel, the son of Abraham's brother Nahor. - diff --git a/gen/24/49.md b/gen/24/49.md index 926f889ff0..6547b6dada 100644 --- a/gen/24/49.md +++ b/gen/24/49.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "But if # so that I may turn to the right hand or to the left Possible meanings are 1) deciding what to do is spoken of as if the person will physically turn one direction or another. Alternate translation: "so that I will know what do" or 2) the servant wants to know if he needs to travel somewhere else. Alternate translation: "so that I may continue on my journey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/50.md b/gen/24/50.md index f55aeaef74..258998201f 100644 --- a/gen/24/50.md +++ b/gen/24/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the father of Laban and Rebekah. # we cannot speak to you either bad or good They are saying they do not have the authority to decide whether what God has done is good or bad. Alternate translation: "we dare not judge what Yahweh is doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/51.md b/gen/24/51.md index b54b8ff130..70a7368354 100644 --- a/gen/24/51.md +++ b/gen/24/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Rebekah is before you "Here is Rebekah" - diff --git a/gen/24/52.md b/gen/24/52.md index e639977f87..1fff3bc118 100644 --- a/gen/24/52.md +++ b/gen/24/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he bowed down Bowing down before God is an expression of worship to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/53.md b/gen/24/53.md index ebabc7e33b..19aafd8eac 100644 --- a/gen/24/53.md +++ b/gen/24/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # precious gifts "expensive gifts" or "valuable gifts" - diff --git a/gen/24/54.md b/gen/24/54.md index f8f0533b7a..dd899b5b2a 100644 --- a/gen/24/54.md +++ b/gen/24/54.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # Send me away "Let me leave and return" - diff --git a/gen/24/55.md b/gen/24/55.md index 158575a7e6..87900d007d 100644 --- a/gen/24/55.md +++ b/gen/24/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # After that "Then" - diff --git a/gen/24/56.md b/gen/24/56.md index 455b0c30b8..dde6252ac7 100644 --- a/gen/24/56.md +++ b/gen/24/56.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "way" stands for a journey. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has caused me to # Send me on my way "Allow me to leave" - diff --git a/gen/24/57.md b/gen/24/57.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/24/57.md +++ b/gen/24/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/24/58.md b/gen/24/58.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/24/58.md +++ b/gen/24/58.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/24/59.md b/gen/24/59.md index 1cb4072994..d9f4db461d 100644 --- a/gen/24/59.md +++ b/gen/24/59.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Rebekah was Laban's sister. Alternate translation: "their relative" or "Laban's # her female servant This refers to the female servant who had fed Rebekah when she was a baby, cared for her when she was a child, and still served her. - diff --git a/gen/24/60.md b/gen/24/60.md index 05ee16bbfa..b6239e5315 100644 --- a/gen/24/60.md +++ b/gen/24/60.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means a very large number or an uncountable number. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # may your descendants possess the gate of those who hate them Armies would break through the gate of their enemies' cities and conquer the people. Alternate translation: "may your descendants completely defeat those who hate them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/61.md b/gen/24/61.md index 5d82682ed1..71a7b5628d 100644 --- a/gen/24/61.md +++ b/gen/24/61.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Thus the servant took Rebekah, and went his way "In this way Abraham's servant took Rebekah with him and returned to where he had come from" - diff --git a/gen/24/62.md b/gen/24/62.md index 005070a781..b8b7834ddc 100644 --- a/gen/24/62.md +++ b/gen/24/62.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word marks a change in the story. It was telling about the servant finding # Beer Lahai Roi This is the name of a water well in the Negev. See how you translated it in [Genesis 16:14](../16/14.md). - diff --git a/gen/24/63.md b/gen/24/63.md index e593f0afd0..cf83c4a563 100644 --- a/gen/24/63.md +++ b/gen/24/63.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # When he looked up and saw, behold, there were camels coming! The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "When he looked up he was surprised to see camels coming" - diff --git a/gen/24/64.md b/gen/24/64.md index ab5e55cb30..a53e7571e2 100644 --- a/gen/24/64.md +++ b/gen/24/64.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # she jumped down from the camel "she quickly got off the camel" - diff --git a/gen/24/65.md b/gen/24/65.md index a711a2fe6c..b383ce6809 100644 --- a/gen/24/65.md +++ b/gen/24/65.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # veil a piece of cloth used to cover a person's head, shoulders and face - diff --git a/gen/24/66.md b/gen/24/66.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/24/66.md +++ b/gen/24/66.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/24/67.md b/gen/24/67.md index f3e0334d80..45c876d808 100644 --- a/gen/24/67.md +++ b/gen/24/67.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these phrases mean that Isaac married Rebekah. Alternate translation: "m # So Isaac was comforted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So Rebekah comforted Isaac" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/24/index.md b/gen/24/index.md index 473a9d9cac..72e39eba19 100644 --- a/gen/24/index.md +++ b/gen/24/index.md @@ -42,4 +42,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/negev]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rebekah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sarah]] - diff --git a/gen/24/intro.md b/gen/24/intro.md index 4aba7ceb2b..e23ca0408f 100644 --- a/gen/24/intro.md +++ b/gen/24/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Genesis 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 24:60. +Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 24:60. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Intermarriage +### Intermarriage Abraham would not allow his son to marry anyone from the people of Canaan. This is because it would cause his son to worship other gods. Intermarriage and worshiping false gods are things that frequently caused Abraham's descendants to struggle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) -#### Abraham's wealth +### Abraham's wealth -There are many instances recorded in this chapter which highlight Abraham's significant wealth. He owned more than 10 camels and had large amounts of gold. +There are many instances recorded in this chapter which highlight Abraham's significant wealth. He owned more than 10 camels and had large amounts of gold. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Put your hand under my thigh" +### "Put your hand under my thigh" Many scholars believe this is a euphemism. Putting one's hand on a man's genitals was a way to make an important oath. It represented power and progeny. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Many scholars believe this is a euphemism. Putting one's hand on a man's genital * __[Genesis 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/25/01.md b/gen/25/01.md index ca935a1c5f..6c2e0a79ac 100644 --- a/gen/25/01.md +++ b/gen/25/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]. - diff --git a/gen/25/02.md b/gen/25/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/25/02.md +++ b/gen/25/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/25/03.md b/gen/25/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/25/03.md +++ b/gen/25/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/25/04.md b/gen/25/04.md index 52b82b732b..a5528ff148 100644 --- a/gen/25/04.md +++ b/gen/25/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All these This refers to the people named in verses 2-4. - diff --git a/gen/25/05.md b/gen/25/05.md index e5415dc1da..2bc96ffc0c 100644 --- a/gen/25/05.md +++ b/gen/25/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abraham gave all that he owned to Isaac "Isaac inherited all that Abraham owned." It was normal for the father to divide his wealth when he was old and not leave that for others to do after he died. - diff --git a/gen/25/06.md b/gen/25/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/25/06.md +++ b/gen/25/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/25/07.md b/gen/25/07.md index 2b108a439e..2e866ef4b0 100644 --- a/gen/25/07.md +++ b/gen/25/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These were the days of the years of Abraham's life which he lived, 175 years "These were ... he lived, one hundred and seventy-five years." Abraham lived 175 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/08.md b/gen/25/08.md index 6adce54c7c..58c20eea78 100644 --- a/gen/25/08.md +++ b/gen/25/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Living a long life is spoken of as if life were a container that becomes full. ( # he was gathered to his people This means that after Abraham died, his soul went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he joined his family members who had already died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/09.md b/gen/25/09.md index 7c0466ca1b..bdc88d7bf3 100644 --- a/gen/25/09.md +++ b/gen/25/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Machpela was near Mamre. # Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this place name in [Genesis 23:17](../23/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/10.md b/gen/25/10.md index dbcf7c58b5..ea70fb37cc 100644 --- a/gen/25/10.md +++ b/gen/25/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Abraham was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They buried Abraham" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/11.md b/gen/25/11.md index fd51104898..f2a5ab2bf0 100644 --- a/gen/25/11.md +++ b/gen/25/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beer Lahai Roi This name means "the well of the living one who sees me." See how you translated this place name in [Genesis 16:14](../16/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/12.md b/gen/25/12.md index b7fdb1d30d..7dbca2c85f 100644 --- a/gen/25/12.md +++ b/gen/25/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used in English to introduce a new part of the story and information about Ishmael. - diff --git a/gen/25/13.md b/gen/25/13.md index ca935a1c5f..6c2e0a79ac 100644 --- a/gen/25/13.md +++ b/gen/25/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: See [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]. - diff --git a/gen/25/14.md b/gen/25/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/25/14.md +++ b/gen/25/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/25/15.md b/gen/25/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/25/15.md +++ b/gen/25/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/25/16.md b/gen/25/16.md index 36227c8ad4..6c192ed248 100644 --- a/gen/25/16.md +++ b/gen/25/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated as two sentences. "These were the names of Ishmael's twelve s # princes Here the word "princes" means that the men were leaders or rules of the tribes; it does not mean that they were the sons of a king. - diff --git a/gen/25/17.md b/gen/25/17.md index b6cad9f9c8..65ce16ac0d 100644 --- a/gen/25/17.md +++ b/gen/25/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The terms "breathed his last" and "died" mean basically the same thing. Alternat # was gathered to his people This means that after Ishmael died, his soul went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he joined his family members who had already died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/18.md b/gen/25/18.md index 3707aa43c2..348086d75d 100644 --- a/gen/25/18.md +++ b/gen/25/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Havilah was located somewhere in the Arabian Desert. See how you translated this # They lived in hostility with each other Possible meanings are 1) "they did not live in peace together," or 2) "they lived away from their other relatives." - diff --git a/gen/25/19.md b/gen/25/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/25/19.md +++ b/gen/25/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/25/20.md b/gen/25/20.md index 76d926fedd..a9ff59a371 100644 --- a/gen/25/20.md +++ b/gen/25/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Bethuel was Rebekah's father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22 # Paddan Aram This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same location as modern Iraq. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/21.md b/gen/25/21.md index e3e07680e5..ac23ad6ac8 100644 --- a/gen/25/21.md +++ b/gen/25/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Rebekah his wife conceived It can be made explicit that Rebekah was pregnant with two babies at the same time: "Rebekah, his wife, became pregnant with twins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/22.md b/gen/25/22.md index 434773c20e..bb24bb4d34 100644 --- a/gen/25/22.md +++ b/gen/25/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Rebekah was pregnant with twins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # She went to ask Yahweh about this "She went and asked Yahweh about this." It is not clear where she went. She may have gone somewhere private to pray, or she may have gone somewhere to offer a sacrifice. - diff --git a/gen/25/23.md b/gen/25/23.md index d233675c97..ba9fb28446 100644 --- a/gen/25/23.md +++ b/gen/25/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "two peoples" stands for the two children. Each child will be the father of # the older will serve the younger Possible meanings are 1) "the older son will serve the younger son" or 2) "the descendants of the older son will serve the descendants of the younger son." If possible, translate it so that people could understand either meaning. - diff --git a/gen/25/24.md b/gen/25/24.md index c06d62cd31..ec3275f0ce 100644 --- a/gen/25/24.md +++ b/gen/25/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # behold, there "she was surprised to learn that there" - diff --git a/gen/25/25.md b/gen/25/25.md index 24295867e1..c170394036 100644 --- a/gen/25/25.md +++ b/gen/25/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) his skin was red and he had a lot of hair on his body o # Esau Translators may add a footnote that says "The name Esau sounds like the word 'hairy.'" - diff --git a/gen/25/26.md b/gen/25/26.md index 7607d78474..944c642bcd 100644 --- a/gen/25/26.md +++ b/gen/25/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Jacob means 'he grasps t # sixty years old "60 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/27.md b/gen/25/27.md index 72814793e9..d286a1f1dc 100644 --- a/gen/25/27.md +++ b/gen/25/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # who spent his time in the tents This speaks about time as if it were a commodity that someone could spend. Alternate translation: "who remained in the tents much of the time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/28.md b/gen/25/28.md index 1610307c4a..c5aeaea6db 100644 --- a/gen/25/28.md +++ b/gen/25/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "loved" means "favored" or "preferred." # because he ate the animals that he had hunted "because he ate the animals that Esau had hunted" or "because he enjoyed eating the wild animal meat that Esau caught" - diff --git a/gen/25/29.md b/gen/25/29.md index 381eadf865..82403a6e8c 100644 --- a/gen/25/29.md +++ b/gen/25/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since this is the beginning of a story about something that happened one time, s # he was weak from hunger "he was weak because he was very hungry" or "he was very hungry" - diff --git a/gen/25/30.md b/gen/25/30.md index c8efeb530d..8bbf9edc1b 100644 --- a/gen/25/30.md +++ b/gen/25/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Edom Translators may add a footnote that says "The name Edom means 'red.'" - diff --git a/gen/25/31.md b/gen/25/31.md index f6892afb55..5d261bac56 100644 --- a/gen/25/31.md +++ b/gen/25/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # birthright right as firstborn to inherit most of the father's wealth - diff --git a/gen/25/32.md b/gen/25/32.md index 083a53677c..5da7ecf0c7 100644 --- a/gen/25/32.md +++ b/gen/25/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Esau was exaggerating to emphasize how hungry he was. Alternate translation: "I # What good is the birthright to me? Esau used a question to emphasize that eating was more important than a birthright. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "My inheritance is no good to me if I die of hunger!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/33.md b/gen/25/33.md index 1182637e0d..f31404c10a 100644 --- a/gen/25/33.md +++ b/gen/25/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # First swear to me What Jacob wanted Esau to swear can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "First swear to me that you will sell me your birthright" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/25/34.md b/gen/25/34.md index 1f8377588d..8e68fcd0f0 100644 --- a/gen/25/34.md +++ b/gen/25/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are like beans, but their seeds are very small, round, and somewhat flat. # Esau despised his birthright "Esau showed that he did not value his birthright" - diff --git a/gen/25/index.md b/gen/25/index.md index c99dd1a61d..fa5156237b 100644 --- a/gen/25/index.md +++ b/gen/25/index.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/paddanaram]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rebekah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sarah]] - diff --git a/gen/25/intro.md b/gen/25/intro.md index e487454d21..c5550f8b4d 100644 --- a/gen/25/intro.md +++ b/gen/25/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,27 @@ # Genesis 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 25:23. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Polygamy -#### Polygamy Abraham married another wife. This was sinful of him. Many other Hebrew leaders came to marry multiple wives. This is known as "polygamy." It has never been an acceptable practice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Inheritance +### Inheritance + In the ancient Near East, inheritance was passed on through the eldest son. Even though Esau and Jacob were twins, it is very important that Esau was born first. It was his birthright to receive his inheritance, but he foolishly gave it up. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/birthright]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### God fulfill's his promise -God begins to fulfill the promise he gave to Abraham about making his descendants numerous. Many of these children through his concubines would become large people groups. This may not be easy to understand without the remainder of the Old Testament and the history it records. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) +### God fulfill's his promise + +God begins to fulfill the promise he gave to Abraham about making his descendants numerous. Many of these children through his concubines would become large people groups. This may not be easy to understand without the remainder of the Old Testament and the history it records. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: * __[Genesis 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/26/01.md b/gen/26/01.md index 1fd8251809..ba0c899a45 100644 --- a/gen/26/01.md +++ b/gen/26/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can state explicitly the land to which this refers. Alternate translation: " # that had been in the days of Abraham "that had happened during Abraham's life" or "that had happened while Abraham was alive" - diff --git a/gen/26/02.md b/gen/26/02.md index 5780a138be..96c2219d04 100644 --- a/gen/26/02.md +++ b/gen/26/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh begins to speak to Isaac. # Do not go down to Egypt It was common to speak of leaving the promised land as "going down" to another place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/03.md b/gen/26/03.md index a96500e091..717cab5f56 100644 --- a/gen/26/03.md +++ b/gen/26/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will fulfill the oath that I swore to Abraham your father "I will do what I promised Abraham your father I would do" - diff --git a/gen/26/04.md b/gen/26/04.md index 09d69c2e25..b782c7c7c0 100644 --- a/gen/26/04.md +++ b/gen/26/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to everything we see above the earth, including the sun, moon, and s # all the nations of the earth will be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will bless all the nations of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/05.md b/gen/26/05.md index 8815ee3232..d1dcf1e8f8 100644 --- a/gen/26/05.md +++ b/gen/26/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrases "obeyed my voice" and "kept my instructions, my commandments, my sta # obeyed my voice Here "voice" stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: "obeyed me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/06.md b/gen/26/06.md index 0962ce1b89..19b225b02e 100644 --- a/gen/26/06.md +++ b/gen/26/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Isaac settled in Gerar Only Isaac is mentioned because he is the leader of the family, but his whole family was with him. Alternate translation: "So Isaac and his family settled in Gerar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/07.md b/gen/26/07.md index 87029fa714..7686d26fb8 100644 --- a/gen/26/07.md +++ b/gen/26/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "fear" refers to the unpleasant feeling a person has when there is a threat # to get Rebekah "in order to take Rebekah" - diff --git a/gen/26/08.md b/gen/26/08.md index c08a86c7b5..5b904e7ceb 100644 --- a/gen/26/08.md +++ b/gen/26/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "behold" shows that what Abimelech saw surprised him. Alternate transla # was caressing Rebekah Possible meanings are 1) he was touching her the way a husband touches his wife or 2) he was laughing and talking with her the way a husband talks with his wife. - diff --git a/gen/26/09.md b/gen/26/09.md index 3cb14950e0..a15eedef7a 100644 --- a/gen/26/09.md +++ b/gen/26/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # to get her "so he could take her" - diff --git a/gen/26/10.md b/gen/26/10.md index 6e0d465e5c..5cec25de3a 100644 --- a/gen/26/10.md +++ b/gen/26/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks about causing someone to be guilty as if "guilt" were an object that # upon us Here "us" refers to Abimelech and his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/11.md b/gen/26/11.md index e09c16352e..b76f89ed51 100644 --- a/gen/26/11.md +++ b/gen/26/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "touches" means to touch in a harmful way. Alternate translation: "Whoever # will surely be put to death Abimelech may have intended to tell someone to kill anyone who might harm Isaac or Rebekah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will put him to death" or "I will order my men to kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/12.md b/gen/26/12.md index 0d7da2202a..e55484a9b6 100644 --- a/gen/26/12.md +++ b/gen/26/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This begins a new part of the story. It changes from telling about Isaac calling # a hundredfold This means "one hundred times as much as he planted." It can be translated more generally as "a very large crop." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/13.md b/gen/26/13.md index 9a9ede609e..918b5e9bfd 100644 --- a/gen/26/13.md +++ b/gen/26/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # grew more and more until he became very great "he gained more and more until he became very wealthy" - diff --git a/gen/26/14.md b/gen/26/14.md index b977da33dc..c19aac9e05 100644 --- a/gen/26/14.md +++ b/gen/26/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "household" stands for workers or servants. Alternate translation: "many se # The Philistines envied him "The Philistines were jealous of him" - diff --git a/gen/26/15.md b/gen/26/15.md index 16536b3733..5bc5a5e7ad 100644 --- a/gen/26/15.md +++ b/gen/26/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here this word does not mean "at this moment." It is indicating where the action # in the days of Abraham his father The phrase "in the days of" stands for a person's lifetime. Alternate translation: "when Abraham, his father, was living" or "during his father Abraham's lifetime" - diff --git a/gen/26/16.md b/gen/26/16.md index 4476d9011b..dab0828a94 100644 --- a/gen/26/16.md +++ b/gen/26/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is another action to force Isaac and his people to # much mightier than we "much stronger than we are" - diff --git a/gen/26/17.md b/gen/26/17.md index a28308f191..f70751f117 100644 --- a/gen/26/17.md +++ b/gen/26/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Isaac departed Only Isaac is mentioned because he is the leader, but his family and servants went with him. Alternate translation: "So Isaac and his household left" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/18.md b/gen/26/18.md index 3e4cfb3d30..47e2de025b 100644 --- a/gen/26/18.md +++ b/gen/26/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was the reason that Isaac dug them out. Possible ways to translate this are # had stopped them up "had filled them with earth" - diff --git a/gen/26/19.md b/gen/26/19.md index 5bb3c8e82a..8418d65aab 100644 --- a/gen/26/19.md +++ b/gen/26/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # flowing water This phrase refers to a natural spring they uncovered when they were digging a new well. It provided a continuous flow of fresh drinking water. Alternate translation: "fresh water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/20.md b/gen/26/20.md index 8faa852be5..22e631d01b 100644 --- a/gen/26/20.md +++ b/gen/26/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "ours" refers to the herdsmen of Gerar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exc # Esek Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Esek means 'quarrel' or 'argue.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/21.md b/gen/26/21.md index 37a82478ac..1189efb868 100644 --- a/gen/26/21.md +++ b/gen/26/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # Sitnah Translators may add a footnote that says "The name Sitnah means 'oppose' or 'accuse.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/22.md b/gen/26/22.md index 52d8836de4..1c704e9860 100644 --- a/gen/26/22.md +++ b/gen/26/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote that says "The name Rehoboth means 'make room for # us ... we Isaac was speaking about himself and his household. - diff --git a/gen/26/23.md b/gen/26/23.md index 01e4f6f912..7db0a34600 100644 --- a/gen/26/23.md +++ b/gen/26/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Isaac went up from there to Beersheba Here "went up" is probably a reference to going north. Say that he departed in the most natural way for your language. Alternate translation: "Isaac left there and went to Beersheba" - diff --git a/gen/26/24.md b/gen/26/24.md index 8d2db84ed3..5b6711e6a9 100644 --- a/gen/26/24.md +++ b/gen/26/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for my servant Abraham's sake "for my servant Abraham" or you can make the full meaning explicit. Alternate translation: "because I promised my servant Abraham that I would do this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/25.md b/gen/26/25.md index 8c091970e6..256ef96123 100644 --- a/gen/26/25.md +++ b/gen/26/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can make explicit why Isaac built an altar. Alternate translation: "Isaac bu # called on the name of Yahweh To "call on" means to pray or to worship. Here "name" stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: "prayed to Yahweh" or "worshiped Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/26.md b/gen/26/26.md index a07bd2d47a..59e30fa082 100644 --- a/gen/26/26.md +++ b/gen/26/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Abimelech's friend" or 2) "Abimelech's advisor." # Phicol This is the name of a man. See how you translated his name in [Genesis 21:22](../21/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/27.md b/gen/26/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/26/27.md +++ b/gen/26/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/26/28.md b/gen/26/28.md index ab525baf1d..45a8233eaa 100644 --- a/gen/26/28.md +++ b/gen/26/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Abimelech, Ahuzzath, and Phicol. One of them spoke and the other # So let us make a covenant "So we want to make a covenant" - diff --git a/gen/26/29.md b/gen/26/29.md index a4e9fbdbee..94f411bab6 100644 --- a/gen/26/29.md +++ b/gen/26/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can also be translated as the beginning of a new sentence. "We have done on # you are blessed by Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has blessed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/30.md b/gen/26/30.md index 8a4ac1e4ce..25823bd546 100644 --- a/gen/26/30.md +++ b/gen/26/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "them" refers to "Abimelech, Ahuzzath, and Phicol" # they ate Here "they" refers to Isaac, Abimelech, Ahuzzath, and Phicol. Alternate translation: "they all ate" - diff --git a/gen/26/31.md b/gen/26/31.md index cc2cf68c3a..ceef8f8d37 100644 --- a/gen/26/31.md +++ b/gen/26/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They rose early "They awoke early" - diff --git a/gen/26/32.md b/gen/26/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/26/32.md +++ b/gen/26/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/26/33.md b/gen/26/33.md index bb12e1f7c9..f8c3f83310 100644 --- a/gen/26/33.md +++ b/gen/26/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Beersheba Translators may add a footnote saying "Beersheba can mean either "well of the oath" or "well of seven." (See note on [Genesis 21:32](../21/32.md)) - diff --git a/gen/26/34.md b/gen/26/34.md index 85a2c887a9..acc04a4fab 100644 --- a/gen/26/34.md +++ b/gen/26/34.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Hittite "the descendant of Heth" or "a descendant of Heth." The Hittite people were the descendants of Heth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/35.md b/gen/26/35.md index fd676e7d4a..9c7f8c3d5c 100644 --- a/gen/26/35.md +++ b/gen/26/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They brought sorrow to Isaac and Rebekah Here "they" refers to Judith and Basemath. To make someone sorrowful or miserable is spoken of as if "sorrow" were an object that a person could bring to another person. Alternate translation: "They made Isaac and Rebekah sorrowful" or "Isaac and Rebekah were miserable because of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/26/index.md b/gen/26/index.md index de9a0b8dcd..33087aee3f 100644 --- a/gen/26/index.md +++ b/gen/26/index.md @@ -44,4 +44,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/isaac]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/philistines]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rebekah]] - diff --git a/gen/26/intro.md b/gen/26/intro.md index 3448574098..6757842d61 100644 --- a/gen/26/intro.md +++ b/gen/26/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Genesis 26 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -#### Trust When things in the land were bad, Isaac did not trust in Yahweh. Instead, he ran to the safety of Egypt. Even when Abraham's descendants did not trust in Yahweh's faithfulness to fulfill his covenant, Yahweh remained faithful to his covenant and blessed Isaac. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -#### Wells +### Wells + In the ancient Near East, wells were very important strategically. Therefore, they were a sign of power and a sign of God's blessing being upon Isaac. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "She is my sister" -#### "She is my sister" Isaac was afraid the Egyptians would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his beautiful wife, they would try to kill him. This would free Rebekah to marry someone else. Apparently, it would have been easy for them to kill a foreigner without punishment. If she was Isaac's sister, they would have shown favor to him. This is the same thing his father, Abraham, did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) + ## Links: * __[Genesis 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/27/01.md b/gen/27/01.md index bcc3a6ef73..13cbd627fc 100644 --- a/gen/27/01.md +++ b/gen/27/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks about being nearly blind as if the eyes were a lamp and the light ha # Here I am "I am here" or "I am listening." See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). - diff --git a/gen/27/02.md b/gen/27/02.md index 7a304314b2..8fc2eed34e 100644 --- a/gen/27/02.md +++ b/gen/27/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that Isaac knows he will die soon. Alternate translation: "I may d # death This refers to physical death. - diff --git a/gen/27/03.md b/gen/27/03.md index e458c0759a..e1cd3507f6 100644 --- a/gen/27/03.md +++ b/gen/27/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A quiver is a case for holding arrows. Alternate translation: "your quiver of ar # hunt game for me "hunt a wild animal for me" - diff --git a/gen/27/04.md b/gen/27/04.md index 55f702ac3d..49d9d0b7d4 100644 --- a/gen/27/04.md +++ b/gen/27/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "delicious" refers to something that tastes very good. Alternate transl # bless you In Bible times, a father would often pronounce a formal blessing on his children. - diff --git a/gen/27/05.md b/gen/27/05.md index db118a23cd..ed768b6555 100644 --- a/gen/27/05.md +++ b/gen/27/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This verse is background information for the description of the events that foll # to Esau his son Esau was the son of both Isaac and Rebekah. The author calls Esau "his son" to emphasize that Isaac preferred Esau over Isaac. - diff --git a/gen/27/06.md b/gen/27/06.md index c9f8859fb1..be8fd652c0 100644 --- a/gen/27/06.md +++ b/gen/27/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jacob was the son of both Isaac and Rebekah. The author calls Jacob "her son" he # See here The phrase "see here" adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: "Listen carefully" - diff --git a/gen/27/07.md b/gen/27/07.md index 034cf00100..8cfc4b7b3d 100644 --- a/gen/27/07.md +++ b/gen/27/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the words that the author introduces with the words "He said" in verse # before my death "before I die" - diff --git a/gen/27/08.md b/gen/27/08.md index 089dc7cdb1..03448b1dd2 100644 --- a/gen/27/08.md +++ b/gen/27/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the import # obey my voice as I command you Rebekah said "my voice" to refer to what she was saying. Alternate translation: "obey me and do what I tell you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/09.md b/gen/27/09.md index 03719a6341..2fbf5dc7b6 100644 --- a/gen/27/09.md +++ b/gen/27/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will make delicious food from them for your father, just like he loves The word "delicious" refers to something that tastes very good. See how a similar sentence was translated in [Genesis 27:4](../27/04.md). - diff --git a/gen/27/10.md b/gen/27/10.md index 60f40f5489..ed016862ef 100644 --- a/gen/27/10.md +++ b/gen/27/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "bless" refers to the formal blessing a father pronounces on his childr # before his death "before he dies" - diff --git a/gen/27/11.md b/gen/27/11.md index 618beb1cc6..0e33404f1d 100644 --- a/gen/27/11.md +++ b/gen/27/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am a smooth man "I am a man with smooth skin" or "I am not hairy" - diff --git a/gen/27/12.md b/gen/27/12.md index 275313b65b..1bcbf74d5b 100644 --- a/gen/27/12.md +++ b/gen/27/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will bring a curse upon me and not a blessing Being cursed or blessed is spoken of as if a curse and a blessing are objects that are placed on a person. Alternate translation: "Then because of this, he will curse me and not bless me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/13.md b/gen/27/13.md index 239859bb11..f44a3fd103 100644 --- a/gen/27/13.md +++ b/gen/27/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Rebekah said "my voice" to refer to what she was saying. Alternate translation: # bring them to me "bring me the young goats" - diff --git a/gen/27/14.md b/gen/27/14.md index 63d66a3b1b..bb0da2ece1 100644 --- a/gen/27/14.md +++ b/gen/27/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # made delicious food, just like his father loved The word "delicious" refers to something that tastes very good. See how a similar sentence was translated in [Genesis 27:4](../27/04.md). - diff --git a/gen/27/15.md b/gen/27/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/27/15.md +++ b/gen/27/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/27/16.md b/gen/27/16.md index b62dd0bfa4..2028a0bcdd 100644 --- a/gen/27/16.md +++ b/gen/27/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She put the skins of the kids on his hands The goat skins still had the hair on them. - diff --git a/gen/27/17.md b/gen/27/17.md index f5740cba65..8898bd6c3a 100644 --- a/gen/27/17.md +++ b/gen/27/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She put the delicious food and the bread that she had prepared into the hand of her son Jacob "She gave to her son Jacob the delicious food and bread which she had prepared" - diff --git a/gen/27/18.md b/gen/27/18.md index d740e0d1cb..019955a801 100644 --- a/gen/27/18.md +++ b/gen/27/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Here I am "Yes, I am listening" or "Yes, what is it?" See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). - diff --git a/gen/27/19.md b/gen/27/19.md index cedea33cd1..d7514eca3b 100644 --- a/gen/27/19.md +++ b/gen/27/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # some of my game The word "game" refers to wild animals that someone hunts and kills. See how "game" was translated in [Genesis 27:3](../27/03.md). - diff --git a/gen/27/20.md b/gen/27/20.md index d899a481a1..d831d70d7e 100644 --- a/gen/27/20.md +++ b/gen/27/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # brought it to me This is an idiom meaning that God caused it to happen. Alternate translation: "helped me to succeed while hunting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/21.md b/gen/27/21.md index 6939a0ed68..257a6a16cc 100644 --- a/gen/27/21.md +++ b/gen/27/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whether you are my true son Esau or not "if you are really my son Esau" - diff --git a/gen/27/22.md b/gen/27/22.md index d1e61be5e1..1578b4b1a4 100644 --- a/gen/27/22.md +++ b/gen/27/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Issac speaks of Jacob's voice as representing Jacob. Alternate translation: # but the hands are the hands of Esau Here Issac speaks of Esau's hands as representing Esau. Alternate translation: "but your hands feel like Esau's hands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/23.md b/gen/27/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/27/23.md +++ b/gen/27/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/27/24.md b/gen/27/24.md index 354731324d..51b3644eba 100644 --- a/gen/27/24.md +++ b/gen/27/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He said Isaac asks this question before blessing his son. Alternate translation: "But first Isaac asked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-events]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/25.md b/gen/27/25.md index c463da21b5..9eeff2d63c 100644 --- a/gen/27/25.md +++ b/gen/27/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "game" refers to a wild animal that people hunt and kill. See how "game # he drank "Isaac drank it" - diff --git a/gen/27/26.md b/gen/27/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/27/26.md +++ b/gen/27/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/27/27.md b/gen/27/27.md index cb4e3db0b5..1134f7894b 100644 --- a/gen/27/27.md +++ b/gen/27/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "see" is used as an emphatic figure of speech to mean "it is true." Alt # that Yahweh has blessed Here the word "blessed" means that Yahweh has caused good things to happen to the field and it has become fruitful. Alternate translation: "that Yahweh has caused to be very productive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/28.md b/gen/27/28.md index 38f05f1609..2fb377aaf4 100644 --- a/gen/27/28.md +++ b/gen/27/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Having fertile land is spoken of as if the earth were fat or rich. Alternate tra # plenty of grain and new wine If "grain" and "wine" are unknown, this can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: "plenty of food and drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/29.md b/gen/27/29.md index b561f55460..8ab1e4a4ca 100644 --- a/gen/27/29.md +++ b/gen/27/29.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May God curse everyon # may every one who blesses you be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May God bless everyone who blesses you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/30.md b/gen/27/30.md index b59d95f732..4795a2c188 100644 --- a/gen/27/30.md +++ b/gen/27/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had scarcely gone out from the presence of Isaac his father "had just left the tent of Isaac his father" - diff --git a/gen/27/31.md b/gen/27/31.md index 71b112bfce..131f9fa859 100644 --- a/gen/27/31.md +++ b/gen/27/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "game" refers to wild animals that people hunt to eat. See how "game" w # bless me This refers to the formal blessing a father pronounces on his children. - diff --git a/gen/27/32.md b/gen/27/32.md index dc8870b1d4..4a0aa1b78e 100644 --- a/gen/27/32.md +++ b/gen/27/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # said to him "said to Esau" - diff --git a/gen/27/33.md b/gen/27/33.md index 4bc184c14c..24b824674e 100644 --- a/gen/27/33.md +++ b/gen/27/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # hunted this game Game refers to a wild animal that people hunt and kill. See how "game" was translated in [Genesis 27:7](../27/07.md). - diff --git a/gen/27/34.md b/gen/27/34.md index d77fc5df44..613d8f0e1f 100644 --- a/gen/27/34.md +++ b/gen/27/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he cried with a very great and bitter cry Esau's anguish was similar to the taste of something bitter. Alternate translation: "he cried loudly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/35.md b/gen/27/35.md index a0f78e79b6..b76f1aab2d 100644 --- a/gen/27/35.md +++ b/gen/27/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has taken away your blessing This is a figure of speech meaning Jacob took what was Esau's. Alternate translation: "I have blessed him instead of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/36.md b/gen/27/36.md index 3a60e05c47..87d1ae97b4 100644 --- a/gen/27/36.md +++ b/gen/27/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks about a blessing as if it were an object that person could take away # Have you not reserved a blessing for me Esau knows that his father cannot bless him with the same things that he blessed Jacob. Esau is asking if there is anything left to say to him that Isaac did not say while blessing Jacob. - diff --git a/gen/27/37.md b/gen/27/37.md index 8432edad0a..f6b381238c 100644 --- a/gen/27/37.md +++ b/gen/27/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What more can I do for you, my son? Isaac uses a question to emphasize that there is nothing else he can do. Alternate translation: "There is nothing else I can do for you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/38.md b/gen/27/38.md index e9a301612c..d51937beae 100644 --- a/gen/27/38.md +++ b/gen/27/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Have you not even one blessing for me, my father This can be stated in positive form. "My father, do you have one more blessing for me" - diff --git a/gen/27/39.md b/gen/27/39.md index 02b24c1e5b..b53632617d 100644 --- a/gen/27/39.md +++ b/gen/27/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a figure of speech referring to the earth's fertility. Alternate transla # dew of the sky above "Dew" is drops of water that form on the plants during the night. This can be made explicit in the translation. Alternate translation: "the night mist from the sky to water your crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/40.md b/gen/27/40.md index 0c454cd25c..6b3344acf6 100644 --- a/gen/27/40.md +++ b/gen/27/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "sword" stands for violence. Alternate translation: "You will rob and kill # you will break his yoke off of your neck This speaks about someone having a master as if the master's control over the person were a yoke that the person had to carry. Alternate translation: "you will free yourself from his control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/41.md b/gen/27/41.md index d2bf4a9440..fccb337e54 100644 --- a/gen/27/41.md +++ b/gen/27/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" stands for Esau himself. Alternate translation: "Esau said to himse # days of mourning for my father are near This refers to a number of days a person grieves when a family member dies. - diff --git a/gen/27/42.md b/gen/27/42.md index c6ea944982..22077b14aa 100644 --- a/gen/27/42.md +++ b/gen/27/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Rebekah # is consoling himself "is making himself feel better" - diff --git a/gen/27/43.md b/gen/27/43.md index b1394d1c3a..20de95d999 100644 --- a/gen/27/43.md +++ b/gen/27/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the import # flee to Laban "leave here quickly and go to Laban" - diff --git a/gen/27/44.md b/gen/27/44.md index 0c03314091..22f3a1f25d 100644 --- a/gen/27/44.md +++ b/gen/27/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # until your brother's fury subsides "until you brother calms down" - diff --git a/gen/27/45.md b/gen/27/45.md index 64b121a883..d24f3fb6cb 100644 --- a/gen/27/45.md +++ b/gen/27/45.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that if Esau kills Jacob, then they will execute Esau as a murdere # I lose This is a polite way of referring to her sons dying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/46.md b/gen/27/46.md index c1b4dc61ea..a0b6490d2c 100644 --- a/gen/27/46.md +++ b/gen/27/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "daughters of the land" means the local females. Alternate translatio # what good will my life be to me? Rebekah uses a question to emphasize how upset she would be if Jacob marries a Hittite woman. Alternate translation: "My life will be awful!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/27/index.md b/gen/27/index.md index ec3374f49a..830b8f0f42 100644 --- a/gen/27/index.md +++ b/gen/27/index.md @@ -36,4 +36,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/jacob]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/laban]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rebekah]] - diff --git a/gen/27/intro.md b/gen/27/intro.md index db76f0945b..e3604ecfe9 100644 --- a/gen/27/intro.md +++ b/gen/27/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Genesis 27 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 27:27-29 and in 27:39-40. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Blessing +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Blessing + In the ancient Near East, a father's blessing was very important. This spoken blessing was legally binding. Jacob previously received the birthright from Esau and was guaranteed the double portion of land money that was supposed to be inherited by the older son, Esau. In this chapter, Jacob tricks Isaac into giving him Esau's blessing. This means that he is to inherit the promises of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/birthright]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, a father's blessing was very important. This spoken bl * __[Genesis 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/28/01.md b/gen/28/01.md index ba034bfcb3..bff543563a 100644 --- a/gen/28/01.md +++ b/gen/28/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must not take "Do not take" - diff --git a/gen/28/02.md b/gen/28/02.md index e2fa6fc33b..77b9756d40 100644 --- a/gen/28/02.md +++ b/gen/28/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Bethuel was Rebekah's father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22 # your mother's brother "your uncle" - diff --git a/gen/28/03.md b/gen/28/03.md index ecae31f511..4c262b94cc 100644 --- a/gen/28/03.md +++ b/gen/28/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaac continues speaking to Jacob # make you fruitful and multiply you The word "multiply" explains how God would make Jacob "fruitful." Alternate translation: "give you many children and descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/gen/28/04.md b/gen/28/04.md index b3737d30bb..17b008fc34 100644 --- a/gen/28/04.md +++ b/gen/28/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God giving the land of Canaan to Jacob and his descendants is spoken of as if a # which God gave to Abraham "which God promised to Abraham" - diff --git a/gen/28/05.md b/gen/28/05.md index 3464ccecbe..6dc41c98a0 100644 --- a/gen/28/05.md +++ b/gen/28/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same locati # Bethuel Bethuel was Rebekah's father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22](../22/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/28/06.md b/gen/28/06.md index 5956b50692..8992def69a 100644 --- a/gen/28/06.md +++ b/gen/28/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same locati # women of Canaan "daughters of Canaan" or "Canaanite women" - diff --git a/gen/28/07.md b/gen/28/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/28/07.md +++ b/gen/28/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/28/08.md b/gen/28/08.md index db9395d9d7..e5f2d53ea2 100644 --- a/gen/28/08.md +++ b/gen/28/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This continues the background information about Esau. # women of Canaan "daughters of Canaan" or "the Canaanite women" - diff --git a/gen/28/09.md b/gen/28/09.md index 28de1b6598..3725211ee4 100644 --- a/gen/28/09.md +++ b/gen/28/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of one of Ishmael's daughters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/trans # Nebaioth This is the name of one of Ishmael's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/28/10.md b/gen/28/10.md index 580f0c03cb..f5d92b83bf 100644 --- a/gen/28/10.md +++ b/gen/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The story switches back to Jacob - diff --git a/gen/28/11.md b/gen/28/11.md index d1e5e094f7..8f60e73291 100644 --- a/gen/28/11.md +++ b/gen/28/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He came to a certain place and stayed there all night, because the sun had set "He came to a certain place and, because the sun had set, he decided to stay for the night" - diff --git a/gen/28/12.md b/gen/28/12.md index a40a5624c4..be7e9b3d0e 100644 --- a/gen/28/12.md +++ b/gen/28/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # reached to heaven This refers to the place where God lives. - diff --git a/gen/28/13.md b/gen/28/13.md index 6ce5c09ba0..8b0d80994b 100644 --- a/gen/28/13.md +++ b/gen/28/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Yahweh was standing at the top of the stairway" or 2) # Abraham your father Here "father" means "ancestor." Alternate translation: "Abraham your ancestor" or "Abraham your forefather" - diff --git a/gen/28/14.md b/gen/28/14.md index 28cc1d268d..19ec0e1085 100644 --- a/gen/28/14.md +++ b/gen/28/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrases are used together to mean "all directions." Alternate translation: # Through you and through your descendants will all the families of the earth be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will bless all families on the earth through you and your descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/28/15.md b/gen/28/15.md index d33513e2a5..806f256631 100644 --- a/gen/28/15.md +++ b/gen/28/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # I will bring you into this land again "I will bring you back to this land" - diff --git a/gen/28/16.md b/gen/28/16.md index 09e73c8cd7..549c132771 100644 --- a/gen/28/16.md +++ b/gen/28/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # awoke out of his sleep "woke up from his sleep" - diff --git a/gen/28/17.md b/gen/28/17.md index 3359c37ada..1fd1bbbc31 100644 --- a/gen/28/17.md +++ b/gen/28/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "the gate of heaven" explains that this place is the entrance to "the # This is the gate of heaven This speaks about the entrance to the place where God lives as if it were a literal kingdom that had a gate that someone has to open to let people in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/28/18.md b/gen/28/18.md index 3899a33ccf..f085ba92b8 100644 --- a/gen/28/18.md +++ b/gen/28/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a memorial pillar, that is, simply a large stone or boulder set up on it # poured oil upon the top of it This action symbolizes that Jacob is dedicating the pillar to God. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "poured oil on the top of it in order to dedicate the pillar to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/28/19.md b/gen/28/19.md index eae42a6e7a..cbb199f240 100644 --- a/gen/28/19.md +++ b/gen/28/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Bethel means 'house of G # Luz This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/28/20.md b/gen/28/20.md index 4aa6d2273b..0840e911fb 100644 --- a/gen/28/20.md +++ b/gen/28/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This stands for Jacob's journey to find a wife and to return home. Alternate tra # will give me bread to eat Here "bread" stands for food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/28/21.md b/gen/28/21.md index ceef45582c..c42b5362a0 100644 --- a/gen/28/21.md +++ b/gen/28/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The vow that began with the words "If God will ... clothes to wear" in verse 20 # to my father's house Here "house" stands for Jacob's family. Alternate translation: "to my father and the rest of my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/28/22.md b/gen/28/22.md index e48c00f147..6f648067d6 100644 --- a/gen/28/22.md +++ b/gen/28/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a sacred stone This means that the stone will mark the place where God appeared to him and it will be a place where people can worship God. Alternate translation: "God's house" or "God's place" - diff --git a/gen/28/index.md b/gen/28/index.md index 5c904e896c..b4de2fef5e 100644 --- a/gen/28/index.md +++ b/gen/28/index.md @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/laban]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/paddanaram]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rebekah]] - diff --git a/gen/28/intro.md b/gen/28/intro.md index b341aefd09..1f3bcd046c 100644 --- a/gen/28/intro.md +++ b/gen/28/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Genesis 28 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Even though Jacob tricked his father in order to receive Esau's blessing, the chapter repeats the blessing, ensuring he inherits the blessings promised to Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Jacob's dream -#### Jacob's dream Jacob had a dream or received a vision. The purpose of this dream is to show that, despite Jacob's sin, God is giving Abraham's covenant promises to Jacob and his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -#### Bethel -This was an important city for Abraham and his descendants. It is possible that there is some theological significance to the city of Bethel. +### Bethel + +This was an important city for Abraham and his descendants. It is possible that there is some theological significance to the city of Bethel. ## Links: * __[Genesis 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/29/01.md b/gen/29/01.md index 3a550e295d..35d24a2983 100644 --- a/gen/29/01.md +++ b/gen/29/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people of the east This means the people of Paddan Aram, which is a land east of the land of Canaan. - diff --git a/gen/29/02.md b/gen/29/02.md index 44d21e9169..0e887d8c33 100644 --- a/gen/29/02.md +++ b/gen/29/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "behold" marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your # the well's mouth Here "mouth" is a way of referring to an opening. Alternate translation: "the opening of the well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/03.md b/gen/29/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/29/03.md +++ b/gen/29/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/29/04.md b/gen/29/04.md index 872bfbc286..68aeb9ad9f 100644 --- a/gen/29/04.md +++ b/gen/29/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # My brothers This is a polite way to greet a stranger. - diff --git a/gen/29/05.md b/gen/29/05.md index de05c23a33..6613f4c51e 100644 --- a/gen/29/05.md +++ b/gen/29/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Laban son of Nahor Here "son" refers to a male descendant. Another possible meaning is "Laban the grandson of Nahor." - diff --git a/gen/29/06.md b/gen/29/06.md index dd2eccea20..a677ff8cda 100644 --- a/gen/29/06.md +++ b/gen/29/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and, look there, Rachel his daughter is coming with the sheep "Now look! Rachel his daughter is coming with the sheep" - diff --git a/gen/29/07.md b/gen/29/07.md index a594aea32f..821f9b9963 100644 --- a/gen/29/07.md +++ b/gen/29/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to gather them together inside a fence for them to stay for the night # let them graze "let them eat grass in the field" - diff --git a/gen/29/08.md b/gen/29/08.md index 00acc5bab4..5904d1cf71 100644 --- a/gen/29/08.md +++ b/gen/29/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "mouth" is way of referring to an opening. Alternate translation: "from the # and we will water the sheep "then we will water the sheep" - diff --git a/gen/29/09.md b/gen/29/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/29/09.md +++ b/gen/29/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/29/10.md b/gen/29/10.md index 8197184322..3df91936db 100644 --- a/gen/29/10.md +++ b/gen/29/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the well's mouth Here "mouth" is a way of referring to an opening. Alternate translation: "the well" or "the opening of the well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/11.md b/gen/29/11.md index a002e9b806..013b375aa0 100644 --- a/gen/29/11.md +++ b/gen/29/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In ancient Near East, it is common to greet a relative with a kiss. However, it # wept loudly Jacob weeps because he is so happy. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/12.md b/gen/29/12.md index 70f0e01c5b..fa522b0bf9 100644 --- a/gen/29/12.md +++ b/gen/29/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her father's relative "related to her father" - diff --git a/gen/29/13.md b/gen/29/13.md index e25b83af18..88eb72ed21 100644 --- a/gen/29/13.md +++ b/gen/29/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In ancient Near East, it is common to greet a relative with a kiss. However, it # Jacob told Laban all these things "then Jacob told Laban everything he told Rachel" - diff --git a/gen/29/14.md b/gen/29/14.md index a56831b5b5..eae8a86e35 100644 --- a/gen/29/14.md +++ b/gen/29/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my bone and my flesh This phrase means they are directly related. Alternate translation: "my relative" or "a member of my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/15.md b/gen/29/15.md index eefdb9a988..0f3618242b 100644 --- a/gen/29/15.md +++ b/gen/29/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should you serve me for nothing ... my relative? Laban uses a question to emphasize that he should pay Jacob for working for him. The question can be translated as a statement. This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "It is certainly right that I should pay you for working for me even though you are my relative." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/16.md b/gen/29/16.md index aaa0034882..dc447493b2 100644 --- a/gen/29/16.md +++ b/gen/29/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Laban had The word "now" is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Laban and his daughters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/17.md b/gen/29/17.md index 03c6d28aab..a3c27df28b 100644 --- a/gen/29/17.md +++ b/gen/29/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Leah's eyes were tender Possible meanings are 1) "Leah's eyes were pretty" or 2) "Leah's eyes were plain" - diff --git a/gen/29/18.md b/gen/29/18.md index 900f5b0102..8dd160d27a 100644 --- a/gen/29/18.md +++ b/gen/29/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob loved Rachel Here the word "loved" refers to a romantic attraction between a man and a woman. - diff --git a/gen/29/19.md b/gen/29/19.md index 183de80500..0ac36c44bf 100644 --- a/gen/29/19.md +++ b/gen/29/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # than that I should give her to another man "rather than give her to another man" - diff --git a/gen/29/20.md b/gen/29/20.md index 7844b6672c..9a98b442a6 100644 --- a/gen/29/20.md +++ b/gen/29/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for the love he had for her "on account of the love he had for her" or "because of his love for her" - diff --git a/gen/29/21.md b/gen/29/21.md index 5961b60e04..c5270d1dc1 100644 --- a/gen/29/21.md +++ b/gen/29/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "my days" refers to the seven years Jacob had to work for Laban. This # so that I may go to her This is a polite way of referring to having sexual relations with her. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 16:2](../16/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/22.md b/gen/29/22.md index 38d80820f3..6411ca87ea 100644 --- a/gen/29/22.md +++ b/gen/29/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # made a feast "prepared a wedding feast." Most likely Laban had others prepare the feast. Alternate translation: "had others prepare a wedding feast" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/23.md b/gen/29/23.md index a4d41dfdf7..6c119bf716 100644 --- a/gen/29/23.md +++ b/gen/29/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who went to her This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with her. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 16:2](../16/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/24.md b/gen/29/24.md index 665e3a706c..1494ade5bb 100644 --- a/gen/29/24.md +++ b/gen/29/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author gives background information about Laban giving Zilpah to Leah. # Zilpah This is the name of Leah's female servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/25.md b/gen/29/25.md index 7738b1f97b..c39ac025dd 100644 --- a/gen/29/25.md +++ b/gen/29/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jacob uses a question to express his anger and surprise. This rhetorical questio # Did I not serve you for Rachel? Jacob uses these questions to express his hurt that Laban had tricked him. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I served you for seven years to marry Rachel!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/26.md b/gen/29/26.md index e04afff516..f38e33c155 100644 --- a/gen/29/26.md +++ b/gen/29/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is not our custom to give "In our family we do not give" - diff --git a/gen/29/27.md b/gen/29/27.md index da4146ae45..38c8bfc304 100644 --- a/gen/29/27.md +++ b/gen/29/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we will give you the other also The full meaning can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "next week we will give you Rachel also" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/28.md b/gen/29/28.md index d790315e2c..608c32fa98 100644 --- a/gen/29/28.md +++ b/gen/29/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob did so, and completed Leah's week "And Jacob did what Laban asked, and finished celebrating Leah's bridal week" - diff --git a/gen/29/29.md b/gen/29/29.md index e02d64271a..6f4bbe5ac4 100644 --- a/gen/29/29.md +++ b/gen/29/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bilhah This is the name of Rachel's female servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/30.md b/gen/29/30.md index 0859e13ee8..62b5d004cd 100644 --- a/gen/29/30.md +++ b/gen/29/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with her. See how yo # he loved Rachel This refers to the romantic love between a man and a woman. - diff --git a/gen/29/31.md b/gen/29/31.md index 0f3ad75d70..7a1bc62c17 100644 --- a/gen/29/31.md +++ b/gen/29/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God causing Leah to be able to become pregnant is spoken of as if God is opening # was barren "was not able to become pregnant" - diff --git a/gen/29/32.md b/gen/29/32.md index e42c695766..cb4f932a7c 100644 --- a/gen/29/32.md +++ b/gen/29/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translators may also add a footnote that says: "The name Reuben means 'See, a so # Yahweh has looked upon my affliction Leah was experiencing emotional pain because Jacob had rejected her. The abstract noun "affliction" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Yahweh saw that I was suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/33.md b/gen/29/33.md index d70eb7d0ae..040db13896 100644 --- a/gen/29/33.md +++ b/gen/29/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has heard that # she called his name Simeon Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Simeon means 'heard.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/34.md b/gen/29/34.md index cde561cc89..99d134461c 100644 --- a/gen/29/34.md +++ b/gen/29/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # his name was called Levi Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Levi means 'attached.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/35.md b/gen/29/35.md index 9942b9efc5..d02909386e 100644 --- a/gen/29/35.md +++ b/gen/29/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # she called his name Judah Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Judah means 'praise.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/29/index.md b/gen/29/index.md index 834624e2e8..35da9b91a1 100644 --- a/gen/29/index.md +++ b/gen/29/index.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rebekah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/reuben]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/simeon]] - diff --git a/gen/29/intro.md b/gen/29/intro.md index 4c5275bb6e..964581ecf7 100644 --- a/gen/29/intro.md +++ b/gen/29/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,21 @@ # Genesis 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + This chapter records the conflict between Jacob's wives, Rachel and Leah. This account continues into the next chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Shepherds -Although the exact reasoning for the shepherds' unwillingness to give water to the sheep is unknown, it is probable they were being lazy. The actions of these shepherds contrast Jacob's actions. +### Shepherds -#### Kissing -It was common in the ancient Near East for relatives to greet each other with a kiss. There was nothing sexual about this type of kissing. +Although the exact reasoning for the shepherds' unwillingness to give water to the sheep is unknown, it is probable they were being lazy. The actions of these shepherds contrast Jacob's actions. + +### Kissing + +It was common in the ancient Near East for relatives to greet each other with a kiss. There was nothing sexual about this type of kissing. + +### Marriage -#### Marriage It was customary in the ancient Near East for a man to work for a woman's father in order to earn the right to marry her. It is unknown how common it was for a father to have his younger daughter marry before an older daughter. It was also sinful for Jacob to marry more than one wife. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +23,3 @@ It was customary in the ancient Near East for a man to work for a woman's father * __[Genesis 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/30/01.md b/gen/30/01.md index 304cac9d0d..d734a8ba52 100644 --- a/gen/30/01.md +++ b/gen/30/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Rachel is exaggerating to show how upset she is about not having children. Alter # Give me children "Cause me to become pregnant" - diff --git a/gen/30/02.md b/gen/30/02.md index 9074be16a7..399b259d99 100644 --- a/gen/30/02.md +++ b/gen/30/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jacob's anger is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: "Jacob w # Am I in the place of God, who has withheld from you the fruit of the womb? This is a rhetorical question that Jacob uses to scold Rachel. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I am not God! I am not the one who is preventing you from having children!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/03.md b/gen/30/03.md index 2c6a6a28d2..ca6303a707 100644 --- a/gen/30/03.md +++ b/gen/30/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is a way of saying that the child that Bilhah gives birth to will belong to # I will have children by her "and in this way she will cause me to have children" - diff --git a/gen/30/04.md b/gen/30/04.md index 8b8482732e..ae15099eb9 100644 --- a/gen/30/04.md +++ b/gen/30/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob went to her This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with Bilhah. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 16:2](../16/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/05.md b/gen/30/05.md index cbaad98b60..5335e03e2f 100644 --- a/gen/30/05.md +++ b/gen/30/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of Rachel's female servant. See how you translated this name in # bore Jacob a son "gave birth to a son for Jacob" - diff --git a/gen/30/06.md b/gen/30/06.md index f73741aa08..7b0943d17f 100644 --- a/gen/30/06.md +++ b/gen/30/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # called his name Dan Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Dan means 'he judged.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/07.md b/gen/30/07.md index a30c829e38..4f3ec52b6a 100644 --- a/gen/30/07.md +++ b/gen/30/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bore Jacob a second son "gave birth to a second son for Jacob" - diff --git a/gen/30/08.md b/gen/30/08.md index d327b0a6a5..8484bf08c8 100644 --- a/gen/30/08.md +++ b/gen/30/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "wrestlings have I wrestled" is an idiom used for emphasis. It is als # called his name Naphtali Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Naphtali means 'my struggle.'" - diff --git a/gen/30/09.md b/gen/30/09.md index 25755728a6..509180544a 100644 --- a/gen/30/09.md +++ b/gen/30/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Zilpah This is the name of Leah's female servant. See how you translated this in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). - diff --git a/gen/30/10.md b/gen/30/10.md index f653fee095..20b34ba5c8 100644 --- a/gen/30/10.md +++ b/gen/30/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bore Jacob a son "gave birth to a son for Jacob" - diff --git a/gen/30/11.md b/gen/30/11.md index f61bf10fb1..f2c049971d 100644 --- a/gen/30/11.md +++ b/gen/30/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # called his name Gad Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Gad means 'fortunate.'" - diff --git a/gen/30/12.md b/gen/30/12.md index b696c9d439..8a55d6d3a5 100644 --- a/gen/30/12.md +++ b/gen/30/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of Leah's female servant. See how you translated this name in [ # bore Jacob a second son "gave birth to a second son for Jacob" - diff --git a/gen/30/13.md b/gen/30/13.md index 7dc0696d91..1265a6a6ba 100644 --- a/gen/30/13.md +++ b/gen/30/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # called his name Asher Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Asher means 'happy.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/14.md b/gen/30/14.md index d8b953d7dc..1945500816 100644 --- a/gen/30/14.md +++ b/gen/30/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the phrase "in the days of" is an idiom that refers to the season or time o # mandrakes This is a fruit that was said to increase fertility and the desire to sleep with one's lover. Alternate translation: "love fruit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/15.md b/gen/30/15.md index 50b6b86c85..eb6fada357 100644 --- a/gen/30/15.md +++ b/gen/30/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a rhetorical question, used to scold Rachel. This question can be transl # Then he will lie with you Here "lie with" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "Then Jacob will have sexual relations with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/16.md b/gen/30/16.md index 25cfa91f14..8251f9fb63 100644 --- a/gen/30/16.md +++ b/gen/30/16.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ Here "come to" is a euphemism for sexual relations. Alternate translation: "You "for the price of my son's mandrakes." See how you translated "mandrake" in [Genesis 30:14](../30/14.md). # Jacob lay with Leah -Here "lay with" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "Jacob had sexual relations with Leah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) +Here "lay with" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "Jacob had sexual relations with Leah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) diff --git a/gen/30/17.md b/gen/30/17.md index 5b5475fbbd..6528e88c32 100644 --- a/gen/30/17.md +++ b/gen/30/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bore Jacob a fifth son "gave birth to a fifth son for Jacob" - diff --git a/gen/30/18.md b/gen/30/18.md index 004880c3e9..844d5e36b6 100644 --- a/gen/30/18.md +++ b/gen/30/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God rewarding Leah is spoken of as if he were a boss paying wages to someone who # She called his name Issachar Translators may also add a footnote that says: "The name Issachar means 'there is a reward.'" - diff --git a/gen/30/19.md b/gen/30/19.md index ed1b3c859f..8b13db4a6b 100644 --- a/gen/30/19.md +++ b/gen/30/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bore a sixth son to Jacob "gave birth to a sixth son for Jacob" - diff --git a/gen/30/20.md b/gen/30/20.md index 33c13d3a74..e75fd88bb5 100644 --- a/gen/30/20.md +++ b/gen/30/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She called his name Zebulun Translators may also add a footnote that says: "The name Zebulun means 'honor.'" - diff --git a/gen/30/21.md b/gen/30/21.md index f74b40024e..b31a31759a 100644 --- a/gen/30/21.md +++ b/gen/30/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # called her name Dinah This is the name of Leah's daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/22.md b/gen/30/22.md index 195a90a2b8..13945f35fe 100644 --- a/gen/30/22.md +++ b/gen/30/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God called Rachel to mind and listened to her The phrase "call to mind" means to remember. This does not mean God forgot about Rachel. It means he considered her request. Alternate translation: "God considered Rachel and granted to her what she wanted" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/23.md b/gen/30/23.md index 304127bd25..df6b63886f 100644 --- a/gen/30/23.md +++ b/gen/30/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God has taken away my shame God causing Rachel to no longer feel ashamed is spoken of as if "shame" were an object that person could take away from someone else. The abstract noun "shame" can be stated as "ashamed." Alternate translation: "God has caused me to no longer feel ashamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/24.md b/gen/30/24.md index a83bdfabc9..53515f2474 100644 --- a/gen/30/24.md +++ b/gen/30/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may also add a footnote that says: "The name Joseph means 'may he ad # Yahweh has added to me another son Rachel's first sons were through her female servant Bilhah. - diff --git a/gen/30/25.md b/gen/30/25.md index a142e0200d..3f69d18ad3 100644 --- a/gen/30/25.md +++ b/gen/30/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # After Rachel had borne Joseph "After Rachel gave birth to Joseph" - diff --git a/gen/30/26.md b/gen/30/26.md index c7b9a15f54..0ec2e57720 100644 --- a/gen/30/26.md +++ b/gen/30/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you know the service I have given you Jacob is reminding Laban of their contract ([Genesis Gen 29:27](../29/26.md)). The abstract noun "service" can be stated as "served." Alternate translation: "you know that I have served you long enough" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/27.md b/gen/30/27.md index bcdb9c3e63..4cc9ebec93 100644 --- a/gen/30/27.md +++ b/gen/30/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an idiom that means that someone is approved of by someone else. (See: [ # for your sake "because of you" - diff --git a/gen/30/28.md b/gen/30/28.md index 80d56a6849..543e858005 100644 --- a/gen/30/28.md +++ b/gen/30/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Name your wages This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: "Tell me how much I have to pay to keep you here" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/29.md b/gen/30/29.md index 474ccbad11..4fc6143e24 100644 --- a/gen/30/29.md +++ b/gen/30/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # how your livestock have fared with me "how well your livestock have done since I started taking care of them" - diff --git a/gen/30/30.md b/gen/30/30.md index 482c25c22e..2b2d401fd9 100644 --- a/gen/30/30.md +++ b/gen/30/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Now when will I provide for my own household also? "Now when will I take care of my own family?" Jacob uses a question to emphasize that he wants to start providing for his own family. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Now I want to take care of my family!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/31.md b/gen/30/31.md index eb2d33f44c..30c173159c 100644 --- a/gen/30/31.md +++ b/gen/30/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "this thing" refers to what Jacob will propose in verse 32. # feed your flock and keep it "feed and take care of your flock" - diff --git a/gen/30/32.md b/gen/30/32.md index 7113dc6fe6..d82fa96b89 100644 --- a/gen/30/32.md +++ b/gen/30/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # These will be my wages "This will be the cost of keeping me here" - diff --git a/gen/30/33.md b/gen/30/33.md index 6acf299daa..53dc90bff5 100644 --- a/gen/30/33.md +++ b/gen/30/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "integrity" means "honesty." This speaks about integrity as if it were # Every one that is not speckled and spotted among the goats, and black among the sheep, if any are found with me, will be considered to be stolen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If you find any goats without spots or any sheep that are not black, you can consider them stolen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/34.md b/gen/30/34.md index f2ac84b38f..0c832c61d5 100644 --- a/gen/30/34.md +++ b/gen/30/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let it be according to your word "Let it be as you say" or "We will do what you have said" - diff --git a/gen/30/35.md b/gen/30/35.md index 1a1513fa50..4846aa5c63 100644 --- a/gen/30/35.md +++ b/gen/30/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # gave them into the hand Here "hand" stands for control or care. Alternate translation: "had his sons take care of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/36.md b/gen/30/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/30/36.md +++ b/gen/30/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/30/37.md b/gen/30/37.md index 51f387311e..f3f565c8d4 100644 --- a/gen/30/37.md +++ b/gen/30/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all trees with white wood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknow # he peeled white streaks in them and made the white inner wood appear that was in the sticks "he peeled off pieces of bark so that the white wood underneath would show" - diff --git a/gen/30/38.md b/gen/30/38.md index dae713d0d9..6cb25f3ee3 100644 --- a/gen/30/38.md +++ b/gen/30/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the watering troughs long open containers for holding water for animals to drink - diff --git a/gen/30/39.md b/gen/30/39.md index 4fd5f7e142..171cf33b1f 100644 --- a/gen/30/39.md +++ b/gen/30/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # produced striped, speckled, and spotted young "gave birth to babies with stripes and spots" - diff --git a/gen/30/40.md b/gen/30/40.md index 1f58c37454..5a230b7dc2 100644 --- a/gen/30/40.md +++ b/gen/30/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be made explicit that this happened over several years. Alternate transla # he separated out his flocks for himself alone "he set his flocks apart" - diff --git a/gen/30/41.md b/gen/30/41.md index 2f680e437b..7e7a0e0dab 100644 --- a/gen/30/41.md +++ b/gen/30/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the flock's "eyes" represent the sheep and emphasize what they see. Alterna # among the sticks "in front of the sticks" - diff --git a/gen/30/42.md b/gen/30/42.md index 68f0faf33c..6098c9d0df 100644 --- a/gen/30/42.md +++ b/gen/30/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # So the feebler animals were Laban's, and the stronger were Jacob's "So the weaker offspring belonged to Laban, while the stronger offspring belonged to Jacob." You can make this even more explicit. Alternate translation: "So the weaker offspring did not have stripes or spots and so belonged to Laban, while the stronger offspring did have stripes or spots and so belonged to Jacob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/30/43.md b/gen/30/43.md index 61693e9627..3c06ed19e7 100644 --- a/gen/30/43.md +++ b/gen/30/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # became very prosperous "greatly prospered" or "became very wealthy" - diff --git a/gen/30/index.md b/gen/30/index.md index 24fa4b1802..396a3e7a06 100644 --- a/gen/30/index.md +++ b/gen/30/index.md @@ -42,4 +42,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rachel]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/reuben]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/zebulun]] - diff --git a/gen/30/intro.md b/gen/30/intro.md index 5292d1384c..30b9159475 100644 --- a/gen/30/intro.md +++ b/gen/30/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Genesis 30 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues the story of the conflict between Rachel and Leah. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Women and their children -#### Women and their children In the ancient Near East, it was important for a married woman to have many children. If a woman did not have many children, people believed it brought shame upon her. This is one of the reasons why Rachel and Leah were always jealous of each other. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]]) -#### Speckled and spotted +### Speckled and spotted + Speckled and spotted sheep were considered to be imperfect. Therefore, they were considered to be much less valuable than the spotless sheep. Despite Jacob's fair offer, Laban once again tried to cheat him out of something he deserved. Jacob anticipated Laban's cheating. ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Speckled and spotted sheep were considered to be imperfect. Therefore, they were * __[Genesis 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/31/01.md b/gen/31/01.md index 38d0fbcf3a..a4e766295a 100644 --- a/gen/31/01.md +++ b/gen/31/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the author starts # Jacob has taken away all that was our father's Laban's sons were exaggerating because they were angry. Alternate translation: "Everything that Jacob has taken belonged to our father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/02.md b/gen/31/02.md index 445934bd9c..beb26527c4 100644 --- a/gen/31/02.md +++ b/gen/31/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob saw the look on Laban's face. He saw that his attitude toward him had changed These two sentences mean basically the same thing. The second explains the look that Jacob saw on Laban's face. Alternate translation: "Jacob noticed that Laban was no longer pleased with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/03.md b/gen/31/03.md index d848eb215f..652a2c3181 100644 --- a/gen/31/03.md +++ b/gen/31/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your fathers "your father Isaac and your grandfather Abraham" - diff --git a/gen/31/04.md b/gen/31/04.md index 51fd381ebd..c9490c6103 100644 --- a/gen/31/04.md +++ b/gen/31/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob sent and called Rachel and Leah to the field to his flock "Jacob sent for Rachel and Leah and told them to meet him out in the field with the flocks" - diff --git a/gen/31/05.md b/gen/31/05.md index 1380450f31..180c91a169 100644 --- a/gen/31/05.md +++ b/gen/31/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can start a new sentence here. Alternate translation: "He said to them" (See # I see your father's attitude toward me has changed "I have noticed your father is no longer pleased with me" - diff --git a/gen/31/06.md b/gen/31/06.md index a9bca26039..30e6edc4e0 100644 --- a/gen/31/06.md +++ b/gen/31/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You know that it is with all my strength that I have served your father The word "you" here refers to both Rachel and Leah. It also adds emphasis. Alternate translation: "You yourselves know that I have served your father with all my strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/07.md b/gen/31/07.md index e83895b248..313a7b6661 100644 --- a/gen/31/07.md +++ b/gen/31/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # to hurt me Possible meanings are 1) physical harm or 2) to cause Jacob to suffer in any way. - diff --git a/gen/31/08.md b/gen/31/08.md index b6c2efd7c5..53220d03d0 100644 --- a/gen/31/08.md +++ b/gen/31/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # The striped "The animals with stripes" - diff --git a/gen/31/09.md b/gen/31/09.md index ea82fdae52..715098e639 100644 --- a/gen/31/09.md +++ b/gen/31/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In this way God has taken away the livestock of your father and given them to me "This is how God gave your father's animals to me" - diff --git a/gen/31/10.md b/gen/31/10.md index c4c99c9703..32e60f3a9e 100644 --- a/gen/31/10.md +++ b/gen/31/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "flock" represents only the female goats. Alternate translation: "mating wi # were striped, speckled, and spotted "had stripes, little spots, and big spots" - diff --git a/gen/31/11.md b/gen/31/11.md index 8fd8f3e3ec..6c4c47e1b5 100644 --- a/gen/31/11.md +++ b/gen/31/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) God himself appeared as a man or 2) one of God's messen # Here I am "Yes, I am listening" or "Yes, what is it?" See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). - diff --git a/gen/31/12.md b/gen/31/12.md index 6409c69b20..784096b874 100644 --- a/gen/31/12.md +++ b/gen/31/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "flock" stands for only the female goats. Alternate translation: "that are # are striped, speckled, and spotted "have stripes and spots" - diff --git a/gen/31/13.md b/gen/31/13.md index 09c17c87d2..a6dfb6b962 100644 --- a/gen/31/13.md +++ b/gen/31/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jacob poured oil on the pillar to dedicate it to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # the land of your birth "the land where you were born" - diff --git a/gen/31/14.md b/gen/31/14.md index 360fbc74f0..7a738491e8 100644 --- a/gen/31/14.md +++ b/gen/31/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not mean they talked at the same time. It emphasizes they agreed with # Is there any portion or inheritance for us in our father's house? Rachel and Leah use a question to emphasize that there is nothing left for their father to give. Alternate translation: "There is absolutely nothing left for us to inherit from our father!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/15.md b/gen/31/15.md index fdad9de0e9..9032657ab1 100644 --- a/gen/31/15.md +++ b/gen/31/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: "He has sold us for his o # has also completely devoured our money Laban completely using up the money that he should have given to his daughters is spoken of as if he were a wild beast that ate the money as if it were food. Alternate translation: "he completely used up our money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/16.md b/gen/31/16.md index cf0a73e87e..1634e7dc6e 100644 --- a/gen/31/16.md +++ b/gen/31/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Now" does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the # whatever God has said to you, do it "do all that God has told you" - diff --git a/gen/31/17.md b/gen/31/17.md index ff0e803424..afd65b4da3 100644 --- a/gen/31/17.md +++ b/gen/31/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his sons Jacob took all of his children. It only mentions the sons because they are important as his heirs. Alternate translation: "his children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/18.md b/gen/31/18.md index 91db0e2bdd..ad06a977d9 100644 --- a/gen/31/18.md +++ b/gen/31/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Then he set out to go to his father Isaac in the land of Canaan "He went to the land of Canaan, where his father Isaac lived" - diff --git a/gen/31/19.md b/gen/31/19.md index 0d5a3ecaa6..c199307a26 100644 --- a/gen/31/19.md +++ b/gen/31/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When Laban had gone to shear his flock "When Laban had left to cut the wool off of the sheep in his flock" - diff --git a/gen/31/20.md b/gen/31/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/31/20.md +++ b/gen/31/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/31/21.md b/gen/31/21.md index 9f2eb99aaf..8c815fb7c9 100644 --- a/gen/31/21.md +++ b/gen/31/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the Euphrates River. # the hill country of Gilead "the mountains of Gilead" or "Mount Gilead" - diff --git a/gen/31/22.md b/gen/31/22.md index edc8283f73..75a244928e 100644 --- a/gen/31/22.md +++ b/gen/31/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone told Laban" ( # that Jacob had fled Only Jacob is mentioned because he is the leader of the family. It can be made explicit that his family went with him. Alternate translation: "that Jacob had fled with his wives and children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/23.md b/gen/31/23.md index 8c6f37163c..1658fa1e52 100644 --- a/gen/31/23.md +++ b/gen/31/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Laban spent seven days walking to catch up to Jacob. # He overtook him "He caught up to him" - diff --git a/gen/31/24.md b/gen/31/24.md index 8e06ee8758..0a2c55ff8d 100644 --- a/gen/31/24.md +++ b/gen/31/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "now" is used here to mark a change from the story to background inform # Be careful that you speak to Jacob neither good nor bad The phrase "good nor bad" are used together to mean "anything." Alternate translation: "Do not say anything to try and stop Jacob from leaving" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/25.md b/gen/31/25.md index 66e1a05f8b..80214327f1 100644 --- a/gen/31/25.md +++ b/gen/31/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Laban overtook Jacob. Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the hill country. Laban also camped with his relatives in the hill country of Gilead The word "now" is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Jacob and Laban. Alternate translation: "When Laban caught up with Jacob, Jacob had set up camp in the hill country. Then Laban and his relatives also camped in the hill country of Gilead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/26.md b/gen/31/26.md index b9c182bce4..fbde7a3329 100644 --- a/gen/31/26.md +++ b/gen/31/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # carried away my daughters like captives of the sword Laban speaks about Jacob taking his family with him back to the land of Canaan as if Jacob took them as prisoners after a battle and is forcing them to go with him. Laban is exaggerating because he is angry and is trying to make Jacob feel guilty for what he did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/27.md b/gen/31/27.md index db9af91c91..0522867db5 100644 --- a/gen/31/27.md +++ b/gen/31/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These instruments stand for music. Alternate translation: "and with music" (See: # tambourine a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/28.md b/gen/31/28.md index a7e11e9f83..0ad3a9de26 100644 --- a/gen/31/28.md +++ b/gen/31/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "grandsons" would include all grandchildren whether male or female. Alterna # Now This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. - diff --git a/gen/31/29.md b/gen/31/29.md index f883a711dd..0603e68b3c 100644 --- a/gen/31/29.md +++ b/gen/31/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" is plural and refers to everyone with Jacob. Alternate translatio # Be careful that you speak to Jacob neither good nor bad The words "good nor bad" are used together to mean "anything." See how you translated this in [Genesis 31:24](../31/24.md). Alternate translation: "Do not say anything to try and stop Jacob from leaving" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/30.md b/gen/31/30.md index 6098314e1b..7fef4247b7 100644 --- a/gen/31/30.md +++ b/gen/31/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" stands for family. Alternate translation: "to be home with your fat # my gods "my idols" - diff --git a/gen/31/31.md b/gen/31/31.md index d598f97964..45c7795c68 100644 --- a/gen/31/31.md +++ b/gen/31/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Because I was afraid and thought that you would take your daughters from me by force I left secretly "I left in secret because I was afraid that you would take your daughters from me by force" - diff --git a/gen/31/32.md b/gen/31/32.md index aadd3be3db..8201aef2cd 100644 --- a/gen/31/32.md +++ b/gen/31/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "our" refers to Jacob's relatives and includes Laban's relatives. All t # For Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen them This changes from the story to background information about Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/33.md b/gen/31/33.md index 2f059432ea..61201381d2 100644 --- a/gen/31/33.md +++ b/gen/31/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Zilpah and Bilhah. # he did not find them "he did not find his idols" - diff --git a/gen/31/34.md b/gen/31/34.md index 0cfcc96e6e..d4c2692bbf 100644 --- a/gen/31/34.md +++ b/gen/31/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "now" is used here to mark a change from the story to background inform # saddle a seat placed on the back of an animal so a person can ride on it - diff --git a/gen/31/35.md b/gen/31/35.md index f8a8c22c10..813c6f1ab4 100644 --- a/gen/31/35.md +++ b/gen/31/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Calling someone "my master" is a way of honoring them. # for I am having my period This refers to the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/36.md b/gen/31/36.md index e19f0c7673..740be07c08 100644 --- a/gen/31/36.md +++ b/gen/31/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrases "What is my offense" and "What is my sin" mean basically the same th # hotly pursued me Here the word "hotly" means Laban urgently chased Jacob intending to capture him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/37.md b/gen/31/37.md index 161191138b..c824a5b4c5 100644 --- a/gen/31/37.md +++ b/gen/31/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "our" refers to Jacob's relatives and includes Laban's relatives. # they may judge between the two of us Here "two of us" refers to Jacob and Laban. The phrase "to judge between" means to decide which person is right in a dispute. Alternate translation: "they may judge between the two of us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/38.md b/gen/31/38.md index 621d64f7db..79194a2f6d 100644 --- a/gen/31/38.md +++ b/gen/31/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ female sheep # have not miscarried This means they have not had a pregnancy end early and unexpectedly with the lamb or kid born dead. - diff --git a/gen/31/40.md b/gen/31/40.md index 5300391be5..4234c00a74 100644 --- a/gen/31/40.md +++ b/gen/31/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There I was; in the day the heat consumed me, and the frost by night Suffering in the hot and cold temperatures is spoken of as if the temperatures were animals that were eating Jacob. Alternate translation: "I stayed with your flocks even during hottest part of the day and the coldest part of the night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/41.md b/gen/31/41.md index b3791ae068..d1d20c6a61 100644 --- a/gen/31/41.md +++ b/gen/31/41.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jacob continues to speak to Laban. # changed my wages ten times "changed what he said he would pay me ten times." See how you translated "my wages" in [Genesis 31:7](../31/07.md). - diff --git a/gen/31/42.md b/gen/31/42.md index 2fde755f65..5f7bee668c 100644 --- a/gen/31/42.md +++ b/gen/31/42.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This stands for having nothing. Alternate translation: "with absolutely nothing" # God has seen my affliction and my toil The abstract noun "affliction" can be stated as "afflicted." Alternate translation: "God has seen how hard I worked and how you afflicted me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/43.md b/gen/31/43.md index e601908a34..fd3c96dfe4 100644 --- a/gen/31/43.md +++ b/gen/31/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But what can I do today to these my daughters, or to their children whom they have borne? Laban uses a question to emphasize that there is nothing he can do. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "But, there is nothing I can do to bring my daughters and grandchildren back with me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/44.md b/gen/31/44.md index 2f0d6ae3df..7d93b40835 100644 --- a/gen/31/44.md +++ b/gen/31/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let it be for a witness Here the word "witness" does not refer to a person, but it is used figuratively and refers to the covenant that Jacob and Laban are making. The covenant is spoken of as if it were a person who is there when they agree to act peacefully to one another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/45.md b/gen/31/45.md index 183e585443..b01c73aed8 100644 --- a/gen/31/45.md +++ b/gen/31/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pillar This means that a large stone was simply set up on its end to mark the place where this important event happened. - diff --git a/gen/31/46.md b/gen/31/46.md index 003cef45ac..964e905497 100644 --- a/gen/31/46.md +++ b/gen/31/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Then they ate there by the pile Eating a meal together was a part of making the covenant with one another. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/47.md b/gen/31/47.md index 0900c997e3..3729012a4c 100644 --- a/gen/31/47.md +++ b/gen/31/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Jegar Sahadutha means 'heap # Galeed Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Galeed means 'heap of witness' in Jacob's language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/48.md b/gen/31/48.md index 34c4cb242e..84a5d46530 100644 --- a/gen/31/48.md +++ b/gen/31/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The stones do not actually bear witness as a person. Alternate translation: "Thi # Galeed Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Galeed means 'heap of witness' in Jacob's language. See how you translated this in [Genesis 31:47](../31/47.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/49.md b/gen/31/49.md index 914faecb68..188aeed02a 100644 --- a/gen/31/49.md +++ b/gen/31/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Mizpah means 'watchtower.'" # when we are out of sight one from another Here "out of sight" stands for no longer being in each other's presence. Alternate translation: "when we are no longer with each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/50.md b/gen/31/50.md index 60a05cbee2..f30d11d59c 100644 --- a/gen/31/50.md +++ b/gen/31/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "us" refers to Laban and Jacob. Alternate translation: "even if no one else # see "look" or "remember" or "pay attention to what i am about to tell you" - diff --git a/gen/31/51.md b/gen/31/51.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/31/51.md +++ b/gen/31/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/31/52.md b/gen/31/52.md index 194e75827d..ac83bf6590 100644 --- a/gen/31/52.md +++ b/gen/31/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This pile is a witness, and the pillar is a witness These piles of stones were to act as a remembrance and a boundary marker for Jacob and Laban regarding their peace agreement. They are spoken of as if they are human witnesses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/53.md b/gen/31/53.md index 1c44e630a3..d621cdbd4b 100644 --- a/gen/31/53.md +++ b/gen/31/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Abraham is Jacob's grandfather. Nahor is Laban's grandfather. The father of Abra # the Fear of his father Isaac Here the word "Fear" refers to Yahweh, who Isaac deeply respected and showed that respect by obeying him. - diff --git a/gen/31/54.md b/gen/31/54.md index 3fc99fc14d..002d7413d9 100644 --- a/gen/31/54.md +++ b/gen/31/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # called his relatives to eat a meal Eating a meal together was part of making the covenant with one another. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/31/55.md b/gen/31/55.md index 3a72355680..b2816cb909 100644 --- a/gen/31/55.md +++ b/gen/31/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verse 55 is the first verse of chapter 32 in the original Hebrew text, but the l # blessed This means expressing a desire for positive and beneficial things to happen to someone. - diff --git a/gen/31/index.md b/gen/31/index.md index a58aead9b6..d7faa9bbc7 100644 --- a/gen/31/index.md +++ b/gen/31/index.md @@ -56,4 +56,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/nahor]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/paddanaram]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rachel]] - diff --git a/gen/31/intro.md b/gen/31/intro.md index cc6e86e1d6..a96fc74610 100644 --- a/gen/31/intro.md +++ b/gen/31/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Genesis 31 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's blessing -#### God's blessing When Jacob left Paddam Aram, he left very wealthy. Despite his punishment of exile from Canaan, God still blessed Jacob and his family. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) -#### Household gods +### Household gods + Although a few scholars believe the possession of the household gods was a sign of inheritance, this seems unlikely. It is probable that Rachel believed these idols would bring them "good luck" and would bring them great blessing. This was sinful because they were to trust in Yahweh, who already promised to bless them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Irony -#### Irony Laban's sons complained that Jacob cheated them out of their father's possessions. It was their father who tried to cheat Jacob out of what he promised to give Jacob. Jacob treated his brother Esau in the same way. Jacob cheated Esau out of their father's blessing. ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ Laban's sons complained that Jacob cheated them out of their father's possession * __[Genesis 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/32/01.md b/gen/32/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/32/01.md +++ b/gen/32/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/32/02.md b/gen/32/02.md index 244f9bf7dc..55978d4420 100644 --- a/gen/32/02.md +++ b/gen/32/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mahanaim Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Mahanaim means 'two camps.'" - diff --git a/gen/32/03.md b/gen/32/03.md index de8665f836..2e3e4fee34 100644 --- a/gen/32/03.md +++ b/gen/32/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Seir This is a mountainous area in the region of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/04.md b/gen/32/04.md index 9f2bef1c40..4e4a604bb5 100644 --- a/gen/32/04.md +++ b/gen/32/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jacob is using polite language and refers to his brother as "my master." # your servant Jacob Jacob is using polite language and refers to himself as "your servant." - diff --git a/gen/32/05.md b/gen/32/05.md index ed49c15a3a..8b3b6e95f4 100644 --- a/gen/32/05.md +++ b/gen/32/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the quotation within a quotation that begins with the words "I ha # that I may find favor in your eyes When a person finds favor in the eyes of another, the second person approves of the first person. Here "eyes" are a metonym for the person seeing something, and seeing a person is a metaphor for deciding whether what that person sees is good or bad. Alternate translation: "that you may approve of me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/06.md b/gen/32/06.md index 9a7dc24d32..13496822ca 100644 --- a/gen/32/06.md +++ b/gen/32/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # four hundred men "400 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/07.md b/gen/32/07.md index 1fe3fb1a8c..1e3f15d9b7 100644 --- a/gen/32/07.md +++ b/gen/32/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the unpleasant feeling a person has when there is a threat of har # upset distressed, troubled - diff --git a/gen/32/08.md b/gen/32/08.md index e58aab0c6c..d8631c2789 100644 --- a/gen/32/08.md +++ b/gen/32/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to one camp and attacks it, then the camp that remains will escape Here "camp" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "to attack the people in one camp, then the people in the other camp will escape" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/09.md b/gen/32/09.md index 6de1cc6845..b019bb1a83 100644 --- a/gen/32/09.md +++ b/gen/32/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated an indirect quotation. # I will prosper you "I will do good for you" or "I will treat you well" - diff --git a/gen/32/10.md b/gen/32/10.md index e2ae592aa2..c5bfc5e5b0 100644 --- a/gen/32/10.md +++ b/gen/32/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying "me." # now I have become two camps Here the phrase "I have become" is an idiom meaning what he now possesses. Alternate translation: "and now I have enough people, flocks, and possessions with me to make two camps" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/11.md b/gen/32/11.md index 9d64c8a022..8aca013b00 100644 --- a/gen/32/11.md +++ b/gen/32/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "hand" refers to power. The two phrases mean basically the same th # I am afraid of him, that he will "I am afraid that he will" - diff --git a/gen/32/12.md b/gen/32/12.md index b347893ba6..c03d867b94 100644 --- a/gen/32/12.md +++ b/gen/32/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks about the very large number of Jacob's descendants as if their numbe # which cannot be numbered for their number This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which no one can count because of their number" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/13.md b/gen/32/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/32/13.md +++ b/gen/32/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/32/14.md b/gen/32/14.md index 149f007a93..b7cbcf52fb 100644 --- a/gen/32/14.md +++ b/gen/32/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # twenty "20" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/15.md b/gen/32/15.md index d2a318c4b7..8d45410aba 100644 --- a/gen/32/15.md +++ b/gen/32/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # their colts "their young" - diff --git a/gen/32/16.md b/gen/32/16.md index f24221b3ff..c37f1af155 100644 --- a/gen/32/16.md +++ b/gen/32/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "into the hand" means to give control over them. Alternate translation: "He # put a space between each of the herds "let each herd travel at a distance from the other herds" - diff --git a/gen/32/17.md b/gen/32/17.md index c1c584e44b..4cc3299d43 100644 --- a/gen/32/17.md +++ b/gen/32/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # Whose animals are these that are in front of you? "Who owns these animals that are in front of you?" - diff --git a/gen/32/18.md b/gen/32/18.md index ac5ddc970c..a10dabde13 100644 --- a/gen/32/18.md +++ b/gen/32/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jacob is referring to Esau is a polite way as his master. # coming after us Here "us" refers to the servant speaking and the other servants bringing herds to Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/19.md b/gen/32/19.md index 0a93c7ead5..6338ec3b7f 100644 --- a/gen/32/19.md +++ b/gen/32/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gave instructions to the second group "commanded the second group" - diff --git a/gen/32/20.md b/gen/32/20.md index c31c014203..a79f5d01f5 100644 --- a/gen/32/20.md +++ b/gen/32/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "You will say also, 'Your servant Jacob'" or 2) "You wi # he will receive me "he will welcome me kindly" - diff --git a/gen/32/21.md b/gen/32/21.md index 0921232837..8e77f34186 100644 --- a/gen/32/21.md +++ b/gen/32/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "gifts" stands for the servants taking the gifts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # He himself stayed Here "himself" emphasizes that Jacob did not go with the servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/22.md b/gen/32/22.md index ebae45a67d..de36816da6 100644 --- a/gen/32/22.md +++ b/gen/32/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a shallow place in a river that is easy to cross # Jabbok This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/23.md b/gen/32/23.md index 6808d2e6d7..a5804021f0 100644 --- a/gen/32/23.md +++ b/gen/32/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all his possessions "all that he had" - diff --git a/gen/32/24.md b/gen/32/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/32/24.md +++ b/gen/32/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/32/25.md b/gen/32/25.md index 2d1bb401d8..2d32f6d8a0 100644 --- a/gen/32/25.md +++ b/gen/32/25.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ -# he struck Jacob's hip, so that his hip was dislocated +# he struck Jacob's hip, so that his hip was dislocated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he struck Jacob's hip and dislocated it" or "he struck Jacob's hip and injured it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) -# his hip was dislocated +# his hip was dislocated Possible meanings are that 1) the top of Jacob's leg bone moved out of the hole in the hip where it normally is, or 2) a muscle or something that attaches the top of the leg to the hip was torn. - diff --git a/gen/32/26.md b/gen/32/26.md index d2c6bc7585..a75906a051 100644 --- a/gen/32/26.md +++ b/gen/32/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "bless" means to pronounce a formal blessing on someone and to cause good t # I will not let you go unless you bless me This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I will let you go only if you bless me" or "Absolutely not! You must bless me first, then I will let you go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/27.md b/gen/32/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/32/27.md +++ b/gen/32/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/32/28.md b/gen/32/28.md index 5d1c0eddd7..825e50256d 100644 --- a/gen/32/28.md +++ b/gen/32/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote that says "The name Israel means 'He struggles wi # with men Here "men" means "people" in general. - diff --git a/gen/32/29.md b/gen/32/29.md index 487922150a..b28c923d5a 100644 --- a/gen/32/29.md +++ b/gen/32/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He said, "Why is it that you ask my name?" "He said, 'Why would you ask about my name?'" This rhetorical question was meant to shock, rebuke and cause Jacob to ponder over what just happened between him and the other man he just wrestled with. Alternate translation: "Do not ask me for my name!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/30.md b/gen/32/30.md index b9b2159deb..3541c5d9ef 100644 --- a/gen/32/30.md +++ b/gen/32/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being "face to face" means that two people are seeing each other in person, at a # and my life is delivered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "yet he spared my life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/32/31.md b/gen/32/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/32/31.md +++ b/gen/32/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/32/32.md b/gen/32/32.md index 92bb1bf05b..4f35bedee2 100644 --- a/gen/32/32.md +++ b/gen/32/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the muscle that connects the thigh bone to the thigh socket. # while dislocating "while striking" - diff --git a/gen/32/index.md b/gen/32/index.md index 7e4451ddd1..9200756288 100644 --- a/gen/32/index.md +++ b/gen/32/index.md @@ -35,4 +35,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/jacob]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/jordanriver]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/laban]] - diff --git a/gen/32/intro.md b/gen/32/intro.md index c0e7f58913..7d7b932d92 100644 --- a/gen/32/intro.md +++ b/gen/32/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Genesis 32 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Jacob does not trust Yahweh -#### Jacob does not trust Yahweh Jacob does not trust in Yahweh. Instead, he fears that his brother Esau could kill him and his family. He should have known that Yahweh would continue to bless him and protect his family. He should have trusted in Yahweh's covenant faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]]) -#### Name change +### Name change In Scripture, a change in name always occurs at a highly significant point in a person's life. The return of Jacob to Canaan was a significant event in the history of the Hebrew people. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "A man wrestled with him" -#### "A man wrestled with him" Scholars are divided over the identity of the person Jacob wrestled with. It was probably an angel, but some believe he wrestled with Jesus before he came to earth. The translator will probably have difficulty trying to keep ambiguity in identifying this individual because the word "man" usually indicates a normal, living person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Scholars are divided over the identity of the person Jacob wrestled with. It was * __[Genesis 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/33/01.md b/gen/33/01.md index 55ba124904..39576cbd31 100644 --- a/gen/33/01.md +++ b/gen/33/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This does not mean Jacob divided the children evenly so that each woman had the # female servants "servant wives." This refers to Bilhah and Zilpah. - diff --git a/gen/33/02.md b/gen/33/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/33/02.md +++ b/gen/33/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/33/03.md b/gen/33/03.md index ec10f921b9..9499e8c676 100644 --- a/gen/33/03.md +++ b/gen/33/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "himself" emphasizes that Jacob went alone in front of the others. (See: [[ # He bowed Here the word "bow" means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/04.md b/gen/33/04.md index b18ae2f69c..453fa2f820 100644 --- a/gen/33/04.md +++ b/gen/33/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "Esau put his a # Then they wept This can be translated more explicitly. Alternate translation: "Then Esau and Jacob cried because they were happy to see each other again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/05.md b/gen/33/05.md index 11118f53c9..7ff853c63a 100644 --- a/gen/33/05.md +++ b/gen/33/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The children whom God has graciously given your servant The phrase "your servant" is a polite way for Jacob to refer to himself. Alternate translation: "These are the children God has kindly given me, your servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/06.md b/gen/33/06.md index 68a82a9f4c..2d965feab8 100644 --- a/gen/33/06.md +++ b/gen/33/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bowed down This is a sign of humility and respect before another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/07.md b/gen/33/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/33/07.md +++ b/gen/33/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/33/08.md b/gen/33/08.md index 75d9e9bcb3..c16d706dce 100644 --- a/gen/33/08.md +++ b/gen/33/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "find favor" is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Al # my master The phrase "my master" is a polite way of referring to Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/09.md b/gen/33/09.md index 6c74cbc51d..d9b341d471 100644 --- a/gen/33/09.md +++ b/gen/33/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have enough The word "animals" or "property" is understood. Alternate translation: "I have enough animals" or "I have enough property" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/10.md b/gen/33/10.md index 171e512d05..2d6d75b483 100644 --- a/gen/33/10.md +++ b/gen/33/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The meaning of this simile is unclear. Possible meanings are 1) Jacob is happy t # I have seen your face Here "face" stands for Esau. It may be best to translate as "face" because of the importance of the word "face" here with "face of God" and "face to face" in [Genesis 32:30](../32/30.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/11.md b/gen/33/11.md index 718e4ef3ce..5f60fffb71 100644 --- a/gen/33/11.md +++ b/gen/33/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that my servants brou # Thus Jacob urged him, and Esau accepted it It was customary to refuse a gift first, but then to accept the gift before the giver was offended. - diff --git a/gen/33/12.md b/gen/33/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/33/12.md +++ b/gen/33/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/33/13.md b/gen/33/13.md index fa3ab87958..ef0d866b5b 100644 --- a/gen/33/13.md +++ b/gen/33/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The meaning can be stated more explicitly. Alternate translation: "the children # If they are driven hard even one day This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If we force them to go too fast even for one day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/14.md b/gen/33/14.md index 07427f1896..9d257b0b36 100644 --- a/gen/33/14.md +++ b/gen/33/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite and formal way of Jacob referring to himself. Alternate transla # Seir This is a mountainous area in the region of Edom. See how you translated this in [Genesis 32:3](../32/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/15.md b/gen/33/15.md index 819772697e..c32d6ee6d0 100644 --- a/gen/33/15.md +++ b/gen/33/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jacob uses a question to emphasize that Esau does not need to leave men. Alterna # my lord This is a polite and formal way of referring to Esau. Alternate translation: "you, my lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/16.md b/gen/33/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/33/16.md +++ b/gen/33/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/33/17.md b/gen/33/17.md index f8dcf56e7d..31fb1accad 100644 --- a/gen/33/17.md +++ b/gen/33/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that the house is also for his family. Alternate translation: "bui # for his livestock "for the animals he looked after" - diff --git a/gen/33/18.md b/gen/33/18.md index 2698f39652..2684d97776 100644 --- a/gen/33/18.md +++ b/gen/33/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This only mentions Jacob because he is the leader of the family. It is implied t # He camped near "He set up his camp near" - diff --git a/gen/33/19.md b/gen/33/19.md index 8c09f6e48c..6c3fe8616e 100644 --- a/gen/33/19.md +++ b/gen/33/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Shechem is the name of a city and the name of a man. # a hundred "100" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/20.md b/gen/33/20.md index 93ea5e36a0..c78ea090f8 100644 --- a/gen/33/20.md +++ b/gen/33/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # El Elohe Israel Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name El Elohe Israel means 'God, the God of Israel.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/33/index.md b/gen/33/index.md index 3dc10412c2..30cf3cbdc0 100644 --- a/gen/33/index.md +++ b/gen/33/index.md @@ -24,4 +24,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rachel]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shechem]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/succoth]] - diff --git a/gen/33/intro.md b/gen/33/intro.md index 0feb45daa8..a1444367a1 100644 --- a/gen/33/intro.md +++ b/gen/33/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Genesis 33 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Jacob's fear -#### Jacob's fear Jacob feared his brother. He showed Esau great respect and sought to protect his family from Esau's power. He did not fear and trust Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -#### Favoritism +### Favoritism + Jacob showed favoritism towards Rachel and Joseph. He arranged the family according to those he loved the most. Rachel and Joseph were the most protected from a potential attack by Esau. He would have rather had everyone else die, in order to spare their lives. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Jacob showed favoritism towards Rachel and Joseph. He arranged the family accord * __[Genesis 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/34/01.md b/gen/34/01.md index c80f05d003..e4b91ac754 100644 --- a/gen/34/01.md +++ b/gen/34/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here this word is used to mark a new part of the story. # Dinah This is the name of Leah's daughter. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 30:21](../30/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/02.md b/gen/34/02.md index ab4785a612..a448222809 100644 --- a/gen/34/02.md +++ b/gen/34/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "took" and "lay with" are two separate actions. Alterna # lay with her This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: "had sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/03.md b/gen/34/03.md index 2c5bc9db63..b2a3ae423e 100644 --- a/gen/34/03.md +++ b/gen/34/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # spoke tenderly to her He tried to convince her that he loved her and that he wanted her to love him also. - diff --git a/gen/34/04.md b/gen/34/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/34/04.md +++ b/gen/34/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/34/05.md b/gen/34/05.md index 4ffcb4dcd1..769c322968 100644 --- a/gen/34/05.md +++ b/gen/34/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that Shechem had greatly dishonored and disgraced Dinah by forcing he # held his peace This is a way of saying that Jacob did not say or do anything about the matter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/06.md b/gen/34/06.md index 7ef7523dac..51a575d6d3 100644 --- a/gen/34/06.md +++ b/gen/34/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hamor ... went out to Jacob "Hamor ... went to meet Jacob" - diff --git a/gen/34/07.md b/gen/34/07.md index 17ad22e50d..4f9b6aa01b 100644 --- a/gen/34/07.md +++ b/gen/34/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "lying with" is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "having sexual relation # for such a thing should not have been done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for he should not have done such a terrible thing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/08.md b/gen/34/08.md index 0f9735682f..c1a91debe8 100644 --- a/gen/34/08.md +++ b/gen/34/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "love" refers to romantic love between a man and a woman. Alternat # give her to him as a wife In some cultures, the parents decide whom their children will marry. - diff --git a/gen/34/09.md b/gen/34/09.md index ebb3d1d975..d6aed6c1f6 100644 --- a/gen/34/09.md +++ b/gen/34/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Intermarry with us To intermarry is to marry a member of a different racial, social, religious or tribal group. Alternate translation: "Allow marriages between your people and ours" - diff --git a/gen/34/10.md b/gen/34/10.md index c6e05ec0a2..fd72f1922e 100644 --- a/gen/34/10.md +++ b/gen/34/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land will be open to you "the land will be available to you" - diff --git a/gen/34/11.md b/gen/34/11.md index 267c9e8c8b..0b5437fa41 100644 --- a/gen/34/11.md +++ b/gen/34/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Let me find favor in your eyes, and whatever you tell me I will give The phrase "find favor" is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "If you will approve of me, then I will give you whatever you ask" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/12.md b/gen/34/12.md index bf6abe63dd..58adc5e473 100644 --- a/gen/34/12.md +++ b/gen/34/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bride price In some cultures, it is customary for a man to give money, property, cattle, and other gifts to the bride's family at the time of marriage. - diff --git a/gen/34/13.md b/gen/34/13.md index 3e5495dab9..608d70c762 100644 --- a/gen/34/13.md +++ b/gen/34/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "deceit" can be stated as the verb "lied." Alternate translati # Shechem had defiled Dinah This means that Shechem had greatly dishonored and disgraced Dinah by forcing her to sleep with him. See how you translated "defiled" in [Genesis 34:5](../34/05.md). - diff --git a/gen/34/14.md b/gen/34/14.md index 06efef81ae..4b7379dda3 100644 --- a/gen/34/14.md +++ b/gen/34/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # for that would be a disgrace to us "for that would cause us shame." Here "us" refers to Jacob's sons and all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/15.md b/gen/34/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/34/15.md +++ b/gen/34/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/34/16.md b/gen/34/16.md index dad45b685b..a3fbd45537 100644 --- a/gen/34/16.md +++ b/gen/34/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # give our daughters to you ... take your daughters to ourselves This means they will allow a person from Jacob's family to marry a person who lives in Hamor's land. - diff --git a/gen/34/17.md b/gen/34/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/34/17.md +++ b/gen/34/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/34/18.md b/gen/34/18.md index 115c08b1dd..4064f71d0b 100644 --- a/gen/34/18.md +++ b/gen/34/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their words pleased Hamor and his son Shechem "Hamor and his son Shechem agreed with what Jacob's sons said" - diff --git a/gen/34/19.md b/gen/34/19.md index e63bcc8ef1..5b2f6d56f6 100644 --- a/gen/34/19.md +++ b/gen/34/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # because he was the most honored person in all his father's household This can be translated as a new sentence. It can be made explicit that Shechem knew the other men would agree to be circumcised because they greatly respected him. Alternate translation: "Shechem knew all the men in his father's household would agree with him because he was the most honored among them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/20.md b/gen/34/20.md index bf5a6986df..d99fe119c1 100644 --- a/gen/34/20.md +++ b/gen/34/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the gate of their city It was common for leaders to meet at the city gate to make official decisions. - diff --git a/gen/34/21.md b/gen/34/21.md index 8db8d459b3..705cac5c16 100644 --- a/gen/34/21.md +++ b/gen/34/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Shechem uses the word "really" to add emphasis to his statement. "because, certa # take their daughters ... give them our daughters This refers to marriages between the women of one group and the men of the other group. See how you translated similar phrases in [Genesis 34:9](../34/09.md). - diff --git a/gen/34/22.md b/gen/34/22.md index bd07a51874..a13e479a36 100644 --- a/gen/34/22.md +++ b/gen/34/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hamor and Shechem his son continue to talk to the city elders. # Only on this condition will the men agree to live with us and become one people: If every male among us is circumcised, as they are circumcised "Only if every man among us is circumcised, as the men of Israel are circumcised, will they agree to live among us and unite with us as one people" - diff --git a/gen/34/23.md b/gen/34/23.md index 4f7719b3bf..3924dbb725 100644 --- a/gen/34/23.md +++ b/gen/34/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Will not their livestock and their property—all their animals be ours? Shechem uses a question to emphasize that Jacob's livestock and property will belong to the people of Shechem. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "All of their animals and property will be ours." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/24.md b/gen/34/24.md index 95aad59f8f..6ef0231c01 100644 --- a/gen/34/24.md +++ b/gen/34/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to men old enough to gather at the city gates to discuss community a # All males were circumcised The meaning of this statement is clarified, not contradicted, by the words "all who went out to the gates." If a literal translation would be misunderstood, you can specify that this refers only to adult males. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "All adult males were circumcised" or "So Hamor and Shechem had someone circumcise all the adult men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/25.md b/gen/34/25.md index f94f2a2b74..c41902d7b7 100644 --- a/gen/34/25.md +++ b/gen/34/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "city" stands for the people. Alternate translation: "they attacked the peo # security, and they killed all the males This can be translated as a new sentence. "security. Simeon and Levi killed all the men of the city" - diff --git a/gen/34/26.md b/gen/34/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/34/26.md +++ b/gen/34/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/34/27.md b/gen/34/27.md index 52fb751014..8a189f6805 100644 --- a/gen/34/27.md +++ b/gen/34/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Shechem alone had defiled Dinah, but Jacob's sons considered Shechem's entire fa # had defiled This means that Shechem had greatly dishonored and disgraced Dinah by forcing her to sleep with him. See how you translated "defiled" in [Genesis 34:5](../34/05.md). - diff --git a/gen/34/28.md b/gen/34/28.md index b9ef354ab0..969430eef9 100644 --- a/gen/34/28.md +++ b/gen/34/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They took their flocks, their herds, their donkeys, and everything "Jacob's sons took the people's flocks, herds, and donkeys, as well as everything" - diff --git a/gen/34/29.md b/gen/34/29.md index a1a3d6c676..4f694fa7dc 100644 --- a/gen/34/29.md +++ b/gen/34/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "their" refers to the people of Shechem. # all their wealth "all their possessions and money" - diff --git a/gen/34/30.md b/gen/34/30.md index d005fd9de3..b6ad040c26 100644 --- a/gen/34/30.md +++ b/gen/34/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the words "I" and "me" refer to all of Jacob's household. Jacob only says " # then I will be destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will destroy me" or "they will destroy us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/31.md b/gen/34/31.md index 19d07947d7..0d5483600e 100644 --- a/gen/34/31.md +++ b/gen/34/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should Shechem have dealt with our sister as with a prostitute? Simeon and Levi use a question to emphasize that Shechem did what was wrong and deserved to die. Alternate translation: "Shechem should not have treated our sister as if she were a prostitute!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/34/index.md b/gen/34/index.md index aa818d95a5..4464cbcb66 100644 --- a/gen/34/index.md +++ b/gen/34/index.md @@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/perizzite]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shechem]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/simeon]] - diff --git a/gen/34/intro.md b/gen/34/intro.md index 6ae7681b0e..f859f2ee6c 100644 --- a/gen/34/intro.md +++ b/gen/34/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ # Genesis 34 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel -#### Israel Jacob's name was changed to Israel. It is his descendants who inherited the promised blessings given to him and to Isaac and Abraham. This is the first time his descendants are collectively referred to as the people group Israel. The people group Israel is identified through the covenant of circumcision. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Implicit information -Jacob's reacted to the rape of Dinah with indifference. This is possibly because she was not a daughter of Rachel. His reaction was both unwise and improper. This action brought shame on the whole family. Therefore, Jacob's sons corrected this wrong and plotted against Hamor and Shechem. +### Implicit information + +Jacob's reacted to the rape of Dinah with indifference. This is possibly because she was not a daughter of Rachel. His reaction was both unwise and improper. This action brought shame on the whole family. Therefore, Jacob's sons corrected this wrong and plotted against Hamor and Shechem. Shechem raped Dinah, but then he said he loved her. By raping her, he ensured that no one else would want to marry her. This is not love. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Shechem raped Dinah, but then he said he loved her. By raping her, he ensured th * __[Genesis 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/35/01.md b/gen/35/01.md index 5f29adf2bc..6630827e33 100644 --- a/gen/35/01.md +++ b/gen/35/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "go up" is used because Bethel is higher in elevation than Shechem. # Build an altar there to God God speaks about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "Build an altar there to me, your God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/02.md b/gen/35/02.md index 404ee0cee0..2e3b8c126f 100644 --- a/gen/35/02.md +++ b/gen/35/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was the custom of cleansing oneself morally and physically before going to # change your clothes Putting on a new clothes was a sign that they had made themselves clean before approaching God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/03.md b/gen/35/03.md index da8a2802b5..5857a8c98b 100644 --- a/gen/35/03.md +++ b/gen/35/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the day of my distress "in the time of my distress" or "when I was in trouble" - diff --git a/gen/35/04.md b/gen/35/04.md index 98a86fad81..02b51560c7 100644 --- a/gen/35/04.md +++ b/gen/35/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "in their hand" stands for what they own. Alternate translation: "that were # the rings that were in their ears "their earrings." Possible meanings are 1) the gold in the earrings could have been used to make more idols or 2) they took these earrings from the city of Shechem after they attacked it and killed all the people. The earrings would have reminded them of their sin. - diff --git a/gen/35/05.md b/gen/35/05.md index 669e43a483..659811a618 100644 --- a/gen/35/05.md +++ b/gen/35/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "cities" stands for the people who live in the cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # the sons of Jacob It is implied that no one attacked anyone in Jacob's family. But two of the sons, Simeon and Levi had attacked the Canaanites relatives of Shechem after he seized and slept with Jacob's daughter. Jacob was afraid they would seek revenge in [Genesis 34:30](../34/30.md). Alternate translation: "Jacob's family" or "Jacob's household" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/06.md b/gen/35/06.md index 34707000c7..6c26311870 100644 --- a/gen/35/06.md +++ b/gen/35/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Luz This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Genesis 28:19](../28/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/07.md b/gen/35/07.md index 55b9b6bc61..93fa7422a4 100644 --- a/gen/35/07.md +++ b/gen/35/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name El Bethel means 'God of Beth # there God had revealed himself to him "there God made himself known to Jacob" - diff --git a/gen/35/08.md b/gen/35/08.md index 88e1125bc0..1501d46ad4 100644 --- a/gen/35/08.md +++ b/gen/35/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "down from" is used because they buried her in a place that was lower # Allon Bakuth Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Allon Bakuth means 'Oak tree where there is weeping.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/09.md b/gen/35/09.md index 7864ad3133..fb4013002b 100644 --- a/gen/35/09.md +++ b/gen/35/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be made explicit that they were in Bethel. Alternate translation: "After # blessed Here "bless" means to pronounce a formal blessing on someone and to cause good things to happen to that person. - diff --git a/gen/35/10.md b/gen/35/10.md index 055738dec0..c4982cb53c 100644 --- a/gen/35/10.md +++ b/gen/35/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but your name will no longer be called Jacob This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but your name will no longer be Jacob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/11.md b/gen/35/11.md index 80c622d80b..11567aaa29 100644 --- a/gen/35/11.md +++ b/gen/35/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God told Jacob to produce children so that there would be many of them. The word # A nation and a company of nations will come from you Here "nation" and "nations" refer to Jacob's descendants who will establish these nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/12.md b/gen/35/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/35/12.md +++ b/gen/35/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/35/13.md b/gen/35/13.md index 53abec587d..6e15b4d2ac 100644 --- a/gen/35/13.md +++ b/gen/35/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God went up from him Here "went up" is used because where God dwells is typically thought of as being up or above the world. Alternate translation: "God left him" - diff --git a/gen/35/14.md b/gen/35/14.md index bf37a6ea62..dacd06b6e5 100644 --- a/gen/35/14.md +++ b/gen/35/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a memorial pillar which was simply a large stone or boulder set up on it # He poured out a drink offering over it and poured oil on it This is a sign that he is dedicating the pillar to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/15.md b/gen/35/15.md index f3ee51e998..02825d2c95 100644 --- a/gen/35/15.md +++ b/gen/35/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bethel Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Bethel means 'house of God.'" - diff --git a/gen/35/16.md b/gen/35/16.md index 2a8d3ecc16..538ac21eba 100644 --- a/gen/35/16.md +++ b/gen/35/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is another name for the town of Bethlehem. # She had hard labor "She was having a very difficult time giving birth to the child" - diff --git a/gen/35/17.md b/gen/35/17.md index 50031d50aa..1ff0dffc55 100644 --- a/gen/35/17.md +++ b/gen/35/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # midwife a person who helps a woman when she is giving birth to a child - diff --git a/gen/35/18.md b/gen/35/18.md index 23b88ee873..b727e80fe8 100644 --- a/gen/35/18.md +++ b/gen/35/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translator may add a footnote that says "The name Ben-Oni means 'son of my sorro # Benjamin Translator may add a footnote that says "The name Benjamin means 'son of the right hand.'" The phrase "right hand" indicates a place of special favor. - diff --git a/gen/35/19.md b/gen/35/19.md index ec242dc236..0be36c75b3 100644 --- a/gen/35/19.md +++ b/gen/35/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they buried her" (See # on the way "alongside the road" - diff --git a/gen/35/20.md b/gen/35/20.md index c86dd0aaf5..073a61baad 100644 --- a/gen/35/20.md +++ b/gen/35/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to this day "up to the present time." This means to the time that the author was writing this. - diff --git a/gen/35/21.md b/gen/35/21.md index cfa3b74f81..9d1369ba1c 100644 --- a/gen/35/21.md +++ b/gen/35/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that Israel's family and servants are with him. The full meaning o # the watchtower of the flock Some English translations understand this phrase as a proper name, either "Migdal Eder" or "the tower of Eder." - diff --git a/gen/35/22.md b/gen/35/22.md index 7a5f722d6f..883db46119 100644 --- a/gen/35/22.md +++ b/gen/35/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This sentence begins a new paragraph, which continues into the following verses. # twelve sons "12 sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/23.md b/gen/35/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/35/23.md +++ b/gen/35/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/35/24.md b/gen/35/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/35/24.md +++ b/gen/35/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/35/25.md b/gen/35/25.md index e2408aa9ee..2a5bbe17e5 100644 --- a/gen/35/25.md +++ b/gen/35/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bilhah This is the name of Rachel's female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/26.md b/gen/35/26.md index 07e2f99303..6e05f325b7 100644 --- a/gen/35/26.md +++ b/gen/35/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of Leah's female servant. See how you translated this name in [ # who were born to him in Paddan Aram It is implied that this does not include Benjamin who was born in the land of Canaan near Bethlehem. It only mentions Paddan Aram since that is where most of them were born. The full meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "who were born to him in Paddan Aram, except Benjamin who was born in the land of Canaan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/27.md b/gen/35/27.md index 93498572a6..9b72fde168 100644 --- a/gen/35/27.md +++ b/gen/35/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre # Kiriath Arba This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:2](../23/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/28.md b/gen/35/28.md index 2d57ae46d9..ca895fe177 100644 --- a/gen/35/28.md +++ b/gen/35/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one hundred eighty years "180 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/29.md b/gen/35/29.md index 30893a4feb..35eaa33501 100644 --- a/gen/35/29.md +++ b/gen/35/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that after Isaac died, his soul went to the same place as his relativ # an old man full of days The phrases "old man" and "full of days" mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that Isaac lived a very long time. Alternate translation: "after he had lived a very long time and was very old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/gen/35/index.md b/gen/35/index.md index 9daffdf4d5..0710de784d 100644 --- a/gen/35/index.md +++ b/gen/35/index.md @@ -55,4 +55,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shechem]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/simeon]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/zebulun]] - diff --git a/gen/35/intro.md b/gen/35/intro.md index b27ba1a8e6..19ab5c0eff 100644 --- a/gen/35/intro.md +++ b/gen/35/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Genesis 35 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Name change +### Name change In Scripture, a change in name always occurs at a highly significant point in a person's life. The return of Jacob to Canaan was a significant event in the history of the Hebrew people. -#### Covenant +### Covenant + The covenant God made with Abraham is repeated here. It indicates that all of Jacob's descendants will inherit the promises of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The covenant God made with Abraham is repeated here. It indicates that all of Ja * __[Genesis 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/36/01.md b/gen/36/01.md index 85acda6588..ddb61e458b 100644 --- a/gen/36/01.md +++ b/gen/36/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These were the descendants of Esau (also called Edom) "These are the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom." This sentence introduces the account of Esau's descendants in Genesis 36:1-8. Alternate translation: "This is an account of the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/02.md b/gen/36/02.md index 03fe7dfad8..2d2c50e3f4 100644 --- a/gen/36/02.md +++ b/gen/36/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hivite This refers to a larger group of people. See how you translated it in [Genesis 10:17](../10/17.md). - diff --git a/gen/36/03.md b/gen/36/03.md index 331654355f..8ac73454df 100644 --- a/gen/36/03.md +++ b/gen/36/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of one of Esau's wives. See how you translated this in [Genesis # Nebaioth This is the name of one of Ishmael's sons. See how you translated this in [Genesis 28:9](../28/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/04.md b/gen/36/04.md index debb21a75f..c3eea7e0b4 100644 --- a/gen/36/04.md +++ b/gen/36/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of Esau's wives. See how you translated these in [Genesis 36:2-3 # Eliphaz ... Reuel These are names of Esau's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/05.md b/gen/36/05.md index 0880a3dc26..751671ee8b 100644 --- a/gen/36/05.md +++ b/gen/36/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of Esau's wives. See how you translated these in [Genesis 36:2]( # Jeush ... Jalam ... Korah These are names of Esau's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/06.md b/gen/36/06.md index 7cf8a418de..9664c57eb9 100644 --- a/gen/36/06.md +++ b/gen/36/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to all of the things that he had accumulated while living in the lan # went into a land This means to moved to another place and live there. Alternate translation: "went to live in another land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/07.md b/gen/36/07.md index 5de0e43abc..3491db795e 100644 --- a/gen/36/07.md +++ b/gen/36/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The land was not large enough to support all of the livestock that Jacob and Esa # where they were sojourning The word "settled" means to move somewhere and live there. Alternate translation: "where they were living as foreigners" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/08.md b/gen/36/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/36/08.md +++ b/gen/36/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/36/09.md b/gen/36/09.md index 1cdb5b840c..adb3ca1eeb 100644 --- a/gen/36/09.md +++ b/gen/36/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This sentence introduces the account of Esau's descendants in Genesis 36:9-43. A # in the hill country of Seir This means that they lived in the hill country of Seir. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. Alternate translation: "who lived in the hill country of Seir" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/10.md b/gen/36/10.md index 264fb8a0f0..c10c406aec 100644 --- a/gen/36/10.md +++ b/gen/36/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of Esau's sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 3 # Adah ... Basemath These are names of Esau's wives. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:2-3](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/11.md b/gen/36/11.md index 779ba446b3..77eb5b75bc 100644 --- a/gen/36/11.md +++ b/gen/36/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, and Kenaz These are names of the sons of Eliphaz. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/12.md b/gen/36/12.md index b5c86b0e78..a34fd23216 100644 --- a/gen/36/12.md +++ b/gen/36/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a son of Eliphaz (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Timna This is the name of Eliphaz's concubine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/13.md b/gen/36/13.md index cc05e4fbe5..c06d4b384c 100644 --- a/gen/36/13.md +++ b/gen/36/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of Reuel's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Basemath This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated this in [Genesis 36:3](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/14.md b/gen/36/14.md index 818b042aec..f311d086eb 100644 --- a/gen/36/14.md +++ b/gen/36/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jeush, Jalam, and Korah These are names of Esau's sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:5](./05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/15.md b/gen/36/15.md index ff8f1a4256..bb8d7215ac 100644 --- a/gen/36/15.md +++ b/gen/36/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of one of Esau's sons. See how you translated his name in [Gene # Teman, Omar, Zepho, Kenaz These are names of Eliphaz's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/16.md b/gen/36/16.md index 25bda79216..9c2629bd05 100644 --- a/gen/36/16.md +++ b/gen/36/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of Eliphaz's sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Adah This is the name of one of Esau's wives. See how you translated her name in [Genesis 36:2](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/17.md b/gen/36/17.md index 3b91e0a37c..283b62c151 100644 --- a/gen/36/17.md +++ b/gen/36/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that they lived in the land of Edom. Alternate translation: "who live # Basemath This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:3](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/18.md b/gen/36/18.md index f900012a7d..f981f34f11 100644 --- a/gen/36/18.md +++ b/gen/36/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of Esau's sons. See how you translated these names in [Genes # Anah This the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:2](../36/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/19.md b/gen/36/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/36/19.md +++ b/gen/36/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/36/20.md b/gen/36/20.md index b1e3aef551..4d5ec1ca4f 100644 --- a/gen/36/20.md +++ b/gen/36/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "Horite" refers to a people group. See how you translated it in [Genesi # Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/21.md b/gen/36/21.md index 8f32922783..4ad419e0f5 100644 --- a/gen/36/21.md +++ b/gen/36/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/22.md b/gen/36/22.md index a2e3c1139d..c9149bcec4 100644 --- a/gen/36/22.md +++ b/gen/36/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Timna This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/23.md b/gen/36/23.md index 51859ec896..cb0aecd35a 100644 --- a/gen/36/23.md +++ b/gen/36/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:20](../ # Alvan, Manahath, Ebal, Shepho, and Onam These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/24.md b/gen/36/24.md index 58edb8b326..1b3aa726eb 100644 --- a/gen/36/24.md +++ b/gen/36/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:20](. # Aiah and Anah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/25.md b/gen/36/25.md index 904e022bf6..a138c95003 100644 --- a/gen/36/25.md +++ b/gen/36/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. See how you translated "Anah" in [Genesis 36:20](./20.md # Oholibamah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/26.md b/gen/36/26.md index a39887cc37..96b73b9b8c 100644 --- a/gen/36/26.md +++ b/gen/36/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Dishon ... Hemdan, Eshban, Ithran, and Keran These are names of men. See how you translated "Dishon" in [Genesis 36:21](./21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/27.md b/gen/36/27.md index a5ec4305b7..4068cd3ff8 100644 --- a/gen/36/27.md +++ b/gen/36/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ezer ... Bilhan, Zaavan, and Akan These are names of men. See how you translated "Ezer" in [Genesis 36:20-21](./20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/28.md b/gen/36/28.md index 1b4f85cca7..9cbadcdcc7 100644 --- a/gen/36/28.md +++ b/gen/36/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Dishan ... Uz and Aran These are names of men. See how you translated "Dishan" in [Genesis 36:21](./21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/29.md b/gen/36/29.md index d1140f0080..ecffe5c8d2 100644 --- a/gen/36/29.md +++ b/gen/36/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Genesis 14:6 # Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, and Anah These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:20](./20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/30.md b/gen/36/30.md index 9a773ded96..b50fbb32bf 100644 --- a/gen/36/30.md +++ b/gen/36/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:21 # in the land of Seir This means that they lived in the land of Seir. Alternate translation: "of those who lived in the land of Seir" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/31.md b/gen/36/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/36/31.md +++ b/gen/36/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/36/32.md b/gen/36/32.md index 147c8b555c..dca9e4810a 100644 --- a/gen/36/32.md +++ b/gen/36/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that this was the city where he lived. Alternate translation: "the na # Dinhabah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/33.md b/gen/36/33.md index c617f18906..73ddb812f1 100644 --- a/gen/36/33.md +++ b/gen/36/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # reigned in his place "reigned in Bela's place" or "reigned instead of Bela." This means that Jobab became king after Bela. Alternate translation: "succeeded Bela as king" or "became king after him" - diff --git a/gen/36/34.md b/gen/36/34.md index 0d3de68e4e..3c1456406d 100644 --- a/gen/36/34.md +++ b/gen/36/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that Husham lived in the land of the Temanites. Alternate translation # Temanites descendants of a man named Teman (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/35.md b/gen/36/35.md index 70adab0604..9ca69443fb 100644 --- a/gen/36/35.md +++ b/gen/36/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that this was the city where he lived. Alternate translation: "The na # Avith These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/36.md b/gen/36/36.md index 11c718af65..864fa43dfb 100644 --- a/gen/36/36.md +++ b/gen/36/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Masrekah These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/37.md b/gen/36/37.md index 2685879254..acd2f7cbde 100644 --- a/gen/36/37.md +++ b/gen/36/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Rehoboth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/38.md b/gen/36/38.md index 5d3b066a16..cb9c0ccbc1 100644 --- a/gen/36/38.md +++ b/gen/36/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shaul ... Baal-Hanan ... Akbor These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/39.md b/gen/36/39.md index bf43f2368e..afe73692d5 100644 --- a/gen/36/39.md +++ b/gen/36/39.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the daughter of Matred, the granddaughter of Me-Zahab "she was the daughter of Matred, and the granddaughter of Me-Zahab" - diff --git a/gen/36/40.md b/gen/36/40.md index a11d6d38c8..4edd5efccc 100644 --- a/gen/36/40.md +++ b/gen/36/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The clans and the regions were named after the heads of the clans. Alternate tra # Timna, Alvah, Jetheth These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/41.md b/gen/36/41.md index 505d1f1780..186a0f1ad4 100644 --- a/gen/36/41.md +++ b/gen/36/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/42.md b/gen/36/42.md index 7d0740b7c7..2ba5e07f17 100644 --- a/gen/36/42.md +++ b/gen/36/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/43.md b/gen/36/43.md index 8e3e2e43f1..59cb48e3c7 100644 --- a/gen/36/43.md +++ b/gen/36/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # This was Esau This list is said "to be" Esau, which means that it is the whole list of his descendants. Alternate translation: "This is the list of the descendants of Esau" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/36/index.md b/gen/36/index.md index c96e99b47d..58df273401 100644 --- a/gen/36/index.md +++ b/gen/36/index.md @@ -20,4 +20,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/jacob]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/midian]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/moab]] - diff --git a/gen/36/intro.md b/gen/36/intro.md index c719fe8c7e..8d4e108335 100644 --- a/gen/36/intro.md +++ b/gen/36/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Genesis 36 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Esau's descendants -#### Esau's descendants Esau's descendants became known as the Edomite people group. They also become a great nation. This nation is prominent in the rest of the Old Testament. God graciously blessed Esau and he had many descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Esau's descendants became known as the Edomite people group. They also become a * __[Genesis 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../35/intro.md) | [>>](../37/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/37/01.md b/gen/37/01.md index 05ef018cda..a0c6f43372 100644 --- a/gen/37/01.md +++ b/gen/37/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land where his father had sojourned, in the land of Canaan "in the land of Canaan where his father had lived as a foreigner" - diff --git a/gen/37/02.md b/gen/37/02.md index 9a7b92754e..a255878186 100644 --- a/gen/37/02.md +++ b/gen/37/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These women were servants of Leah and Rachel whom they had given to Jacob to pro # an unfavorable report about them "a bad report about his brothers" - diff --git a/gen/37/03.md b/gen/37/03.md index dc73f2a7ec..87afec324b 100644 --- a/gen/37/03.md +++ b/gen/37/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that Joseph was born when Israel was an old man. Alternate translatio # a beautifully decorated garment "a beautiful robe" - diff --git a/gen/37/04.md b/gen/37/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/37/04.md +++ b/gen/37/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/37/05.md b/gen/37/05.md index f64fd124bf..dc87eaf6e0 100644 --- a/gen/37/05.md +++ b/gen/37/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a summary of the events that will happen in 37:6-11. # They hated him even more "And Joseph's brothers hated him even more than they hated him before" - diff --git a/gen/37/06.md b/gen/37/06.md index 4434d42e0d..57afdd6181 100644 --- a/gen/37/06.md +++ b/gen/37/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Please listen to this dream which I dreamed "Please listen to this dream that I had" - diff --git a/gen/37/07.md b/gen/37/07.md index 0356d8b6a5..a54d9aa1ba 100644 --- a/gen/37/07.md +++ b/gen/37/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "behold" here shows that Joseph was surprised by what he saw. # my bundle rose and stood upright ... your bundles came around and bowed down Here the bundles of grain are standing and kneeling as if they were people. These bundle represent Joseph and his brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/08.md b/gen/37/08.md index a5587c12d5..a931a7846d 100644 --- a/gen/37/08.md +++ b/gen/37/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "us" refers to Joseph's brothers but not Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # for his dreams and for his words "because of his dreams and what he said" - diff --git a/gen/37/09.md b/gen/37/09.md index ce17d9ac48..64aae4fb60 100644 --- a/gen/37/09.md +++ b/gen/37/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # eleven stars "11 stars" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/10.md b/gen/37/10.md index 2f0a64f8d4..bbddcb3388 100644 --- a/gen/37/10.md +++ b/gen/37/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What is this dream that you have dreamed? Will your mother ... to the ground to you? Israel uses questions to correct Joseph. This can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "This dream you had is not real. Your mother, brothers, and I will not bow down before you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/11.md b/gen/37/11.md index f093ea3efb..9534d8a200 100644 --- a/gen/37/11.md +++ b/gen/37/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means being angry because someone else is successful or more popular. # kept the matter in mind The means that he kept thinking about the meaning of Joseph's dream. Alternate translation: "kept thinking about what the dream might mean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/12.md b/gen/37/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/37/12.md +++ b/gen/37/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/37/13.md b/gen/37/13.md index 0e662d4997..944b10cc21 100644 --- a/gen/37/13.md +++ b/gen/37/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here it is implied that Israel is asking Joseph to prepare himself to leave and # I am ready He is ready to leave. "I am ready to go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/14.md b/gen/37/14.md index 476c0dd5ab..3bab219d0f 100644 --- a/gen/37/14.md +++ b/gen/37/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Israel wants Joseph to come back and tell him about how his brother and flocks a # out of the Valley "from the Valley" - diff --git a/gen/37/15.md b/gen/37/15.md index 936043fa5c..b30ab06c14 100644 --- a/gen/37/15.md +++ b/gen/37/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve di # What do you seek? "What are you looking for?" - diff --git a/gen/37/16.md b/gen/37/16.md index 2eb4d2b825..bdab439584 100644 --- a/gen/37/16.md +++ b/gen/37/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # tending the flock "shepherding their flock" - diff --git a/gen/37/17.md b/gen/37/17.md index ab266454a0..97193a2c5a 100644 --- a/gen/37/17.md +++ b/gen/37/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Dothan This is the name of a place that is about 22 kilometers from Shechem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/18.md b/gen/37/18.md index b45e02d323..c71e5e1734 100644 --- a/gen/37/18.md +++ b/gen/37/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they plotted against him to kill him "they made evil plans to kill him" - diff --git a/gen/37/19.md b/gen/37/19.md index d524872d76..6e2044bdf1 100644 --- a/gen/37/19.md +++ b/gen/37/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this master of dreams is approaching "here comes the wonderful person who has great dreams." The phrase "this master of dreams" is sarcastic. If your language has a way of showing that the brothers used these words to show that they hated Joseph, you may want to use it here. - diff --git a/gen/37/20.md b/gen/37/20.md index 62f5c136a4..39b9f903db 100644 --- a/gen/37/20.md +++ b/gen/37/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ to eagerly have eaten # We will see what will become of his dreams His brothers planned to kill him, therefore it is ironic that they would speak of his dream coming true, since he would be dead. Alternate translation: "That way we will make sure his dreams do not come true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/21.md b/gen/37/21.md index 62eba9e176..a8f2fa55dd 100644 --- a/gen/37/21.md +++ b/gen/37/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "their hand" refers to the brothers' plan to kill him. Alternate tran # Let us not take his life The phrase "take his life" is a euphemism for killing someone. Alternate translation: "Let us not kill Joseph" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/22.md b/gen/37/22.md index 77a89a89ea..1e14825ea3 100644 --- a/gen/37/22.md +++ b/gen/37/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "their hand" refers to the brothers' plan to kill him. Alternate tran # to bring him back "and return him" - diff --git a/gen/37/23.md b/gen/37/23.md index 4329674cc9..2b0850e066 100644 --- a/gen/37/23.md +++ b/gen/37/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # beautifully decorated garment "beautiful robe." See how you translated this in [Genesis 37:3](../37/03.md). - diff --git a/gen/37/24.md b/gen/37/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/37/24.md +++ b/gen/37/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/37/25.md b/gen/37/25.md index 52e73eb6e7..2c47dff4fd 100644 --- a/gen/37/25.md +++ b/gen/37/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ an oily substance with a sweet smell used for healing and protecting skin. "medi # traveling to carry them down to Egypt "bringing them down to Egypt." This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: "bringing them down to Egypt to sell them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/26.md b/gen/37/26.md index 42e9004336..dfc55930d4 100644 --- a/gen/37/26.md +++ b/gen/37/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "We do not gain a pro # cover up his blood This is a figure of speech referring to hiding Joseph's death. Alternate translation: "hide his murder" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/27.md b/gen/37/27.md index eebaecf626..43a382577c 100644 --- a/gen/37/27.md +++ b/gen/37/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "flesh" is a metonym that stands for a relative. Alternate translation: # His brothers listened to him "Judah's brothers listened to him" or "Judah's brothers agreed with him" - diff --git a/gen/37/28.md b/gen/37/28.md index 23ca31bd30..26e4f80dbf 100644 --- a/gen/37/28.md +++ b/gen/37/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both names refer to the same group of traders that Joseph's brothers meet. # carried Joseph into Egypt "took Joseph to Egypt" - diff --git a/gen/37/29.md b/gen/37/29.md index bcb912f3d8..5bf5c0db20 100644 --- a/gen/37/29.md +++ b/gen/37/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He tore his clothes This is an act of deep distress and grief. This can be written more clearly. Alternate translation: "He was so grieved that he tore his clothes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/30.md b/gen/37/30.md index b1f3867da4..55d094c944 100644 --- a/gen/37/30.md +++ b/gen/37/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The boy is not there! And I, where can I go? Reuben uses questions for emphasis the problem that Joseph was missing. These can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "The boy is gone! I cannot go back home now!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/31.md b/gen/37/31.md index 80d92630a2..6e416b2c30 100644 --- a/gen/37/31.md +++ b/gen/37/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the beautiful garment that his father made for him. # the blood "the goat's blood" - diff --git a/gen/37/32.md b/gen/37/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/37/32.md +++ b/gen/37/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/37/33.md b/gen/37/33.md index 4e1e8cedcb..4a6a60f760 100644 --- a/gen/37/33.md +++ b/gen/37/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Joseph has certainly been torn to pieces Jacob thinks that a wild animal has torn Joseph's body apart. Alternate translation: "It has certainly torn Joseph to pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/34.md b/gen/37/34.md index f89bfe514b..6d85600820 100644 --- a/gen/37/34.md +++ b/gen/37/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an act of deep distress and grief. This can be written more clearly. Alt # put sackcloth upon his loins Here "loins" refers to the middle part of the body or the waist. Alternate translation: "put on sackcloth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/35.md b/gen/37/35.md index b348d70bc5..3e892c6520 100644 --- a/gen/37/35.md +++ b/gen/37/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but he would not let # Indeed I will go down to Sheol mourning The means that he be mourning from now until when he dies. Alternate translation: "Indeed when I die and go down to Sheol I will still be mourning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/37/36.md b/gen/37/36.md index 8226f21d4f..bcf53373c5 100644 --- a/gen/37/36.md +++ b/gen/37/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the captain of the bodyguard "the leader of the soldiers who guarded the king" - diff --git a/gen/37/index.md b/gen/37/index.md index f8bdad7f18..ddc0d0aca6 100644 --- a/gen/37/index.md +++ b/gen/37/index.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/potiphar]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/reuben]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/shechem]] - diff --git a/gen/37/intro.md b/gen/37/intro.md index 737d04de96..7dc62637b8 100644 --- a/gen/37/intro.md +++ b/gen/37/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Genesis 37 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins to record the account of Jacob's sons. The rest of the book of Genesis focuses on Jacob's sons, especially Joseph. This chapter also references Jacob as "Israel" beginning in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Favoritism -#### Favoritism Jacob's favoritism became a great problem for his sons. They are always jealous of Joseph because he is the favorite son. The beautiful garment Jacob gave to Joseph greatly strained the relationship between Joseph and his brothers. Joseph dreams he will rule all of his brothers, even though he is not the oldest son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) -#### God's power +### God's power + The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his pe * __[Genesis 37:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../36/intro.md) | [>>](../38/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/38/01.md b/gen/38/01.md index bdc070ec05..d631627916 100644 --- a/gen/38/01.md +++ b/gen/38/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This introduces a new part of the story that focuses on Judah. (See: [[rc://en/t # a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah Hirah is the name of a man who lived in the village of Adullam. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/02.md b/gen/38/02.md index d4e08a9b96..cfc51ca76f 100644 --- a/gen/38/02.md +++ b/gen/38/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Shua is a Canaanite woman who married Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # he ... went to her This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with her. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 16:2](../16/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/03.md b/gen/38/03.md index 2ac4ffdcf8..e2e36af2d8 100644 --- a/gen/38/03.md +++ b/gen/38/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "His father named him # Er Judah's son (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/04.md b/gen/38/04.md index 99c6d4c97c..8eaf578599 100644 --- a/gen/38/04.md +++ b/gen/38/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Onan Judah's son (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/05.md b/gen/38/05.md index 1cfdc2f465..9f471f6a17 100644 --- a/gen/38/05.md +++ b/gen/38/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Judah's son (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kezib This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/06.md b/gen/38/06.md index 0df7a9984b..987fa536a8 100644 --- a/gen/38/06.md +++ b/gen/38/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Er This is the name of one of Judah's sons. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:3](../38/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/07.md b/gen/38/07.md index 45cf9313d2..6c51a00417 100644 --- a/gen/38/07.md +++ b/gen/38/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "in the sight" refers to Yahweh seeing Er's wickedness. Alternate tra # Yahweh killed him Yahweh killed him because he was wicked. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "So Yahweh killed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/08.md b/gen/38/08.md index 9f7f8ac0c4..689b016663 100644 --- a/gen/38/08.md +++ b/gen/38/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of telling him to have sexual relations with his brother's # Do the duty of a brother-in-law to her This refers to a custom that when the oldest brother dies before he and his wife have a son, the next oldest brother would marry and have sexual relations with the widow. When the widow gave birth to the first son, that son was considered the son of the oldest brother and he would receive the oldest brother's inheritance. - diff --git a/gen/38/10.md b/gen/38/10.md index a4032ab0c0..451936beb4 100644 --- a/gen/38/10.md +++ b/gen/38/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "in the sight" refers to Yahweh seeing Onan's wickedness. Alternate t # Yahweh killed him also Yahweh killed him because what he did was evil. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "So Yahweh killed him also" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/11.md b/gen/38/11.md index cfbd816b47..0da01e4073 100644 --- a/gen/38/11.md +++ b/gen/38/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of one of Judah's sons. See how you translated this name in [Ge # For he feared, "He might also die, just like his brothers Judah feared that if Shelah married Tamar he would also die like his brothers did. Alternate translation: "For he feared, 'If he marries her he may also die like his brothers did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/12.md b/gen/38/12.md index 03910a274c..fed3ba9c22 100644 --- a/gen/38/12.md +++ b/gen/38/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hirah the Adullamite "Hiram" is the name of a man, and "Adullam" is the name of a village where he lived. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:1](../38/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/13.md b/gen/38/13.md index 4e70207c56..ad98f120e9 100644 --- a/gen/38/13.md +++ b/gen/38/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Tamar" ( # your father-in-law "your husband's father" - diff --git a/gen/38/14.md b/gen/38/14.md index cd14ec26c6..ea7b87d05f 100644 --- a/gen/38/14.md +++ b/gen/38/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means that she hid herself with her clothing so that people would not recog # she had not been given to him as a wife This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Judah had not given her to Shelah as a wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/15.md b/gen/38/15.md index 51c3a4c3cc..7c1fc48123 100644 --- a/gen/38/15.md +++ b/gen/38/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "her" here refers to Tamar, but your reader should understand that Juda # because she had covered her face Judah did not think she was a prostitute just because her face was covered but also because she was sitting in the gate. Alternate translation: "because she had covered her head and sat where prostitutes often sat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/16.md b/gen/38/16.md index 2c56c76c4a..7704181948 100644 --- a/gen/38/16.md +++ b/gen/38/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Tamar was sitting by the road. Alternate translation: "He went to where she was # please let me come to you This is a polite way of asking her to have sexual relations with him. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. Alternate translation: "Please have sexual relations with me" or "Please lie with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/17.md b/gen/38/17.md index 6ba99c5aeb..8c6dcc75e5 100644 --- a/gen/38/17.md +++ b/gen/38/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the flock "from my flock of goats" - diff --git a/gen/38/18.md b/gen/38/18.md index 902f3ac2eb..2ecbc2ff4d 100644 --- a/gen/38/18.md +++ b/gen/38/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with Hagar. See how # she conceived by him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he caused her to become pregnant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/19.md b/gen/38/19.md index 7bfc9eafa3..66c1084fee 100644 --- a/gen/38/19.md +++ b/gen/38/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a very thin material used to cover a woman's head and face. See how you # clothing of her widowhood "clothing that widows wear." See how you translated these in [Genesis 38:14](../38/14.md). - diff --git a/gen/38/20.md b/gen/38/20.md index 14f522e48b..cb1dcf9d8f 100644 --- a/gen/38/20.md +++ b/gen/38/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "take back the pledge" # from the woman's hand Here "hand" emphasizes that they were in here possession. The woman's hand refers to the woman. Alternate translation: "from the woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/21.md b/gen/38/21.md index fafda4dba1..3aad46d57d 100644 --- a/gen/38/21.md +++ b/gen/38/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a person who lives in the village of Adullam. See how you translated this in [Ge # Enaim This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:14](../38/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/22.md b/gen/38/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/38/22.md +++ b/gen/38/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/38/23.md b/gen/38/23.md index 951c37f871..166e09b0b6 100644 --- a/gen/38/23.md +++ b/gen/38/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that we not be put to shame When people found out what had happened they would ridicule Judah and laugh at him. This can be made clear and stated in active form. Alternate translation: "or else people will laugh at us when they find out what happened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/24.md b/gen/38/24.md index d4f2ea2045..68db39335b 100644 --- a/gen/38/24.md +++ b/gen/38/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "it" refers to the "prostitution" that she committed. This can be # let her be burned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we will burn her to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/25.md b/gen/38/25.md index f7fba6765a..60bfad42a8 100644 --- a/gen/38/25.md +++ b/gen/38/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When they brought her # seal and cords and staff A "seal" is similar to a coin with a design engraved on it, used to make an impression in melted wax. The "cord" was put through the seal so the owner could wear it around his neck. A staff was long wooden stick that helped in walking over rough ground. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:18](../38/18.md). - diff --git a/gen/38/26.md b/gen/38/26.md index cffe2b4e6c..412c0fae84 100644 --- a/gen/38/26.md +++ b/gen/38/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of one of Judah's sons. See how you translated this name in [Ge # He did not know her again This is a polite way of saying that Judah did not have sexual relations with her again. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/27.md b/gen/38/27.md index e97d0367c2..bb11e273ac 100644 --- a/gen/38/27.md +++ b/gen/38/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: # behold The word "behold" alerts us to the surprise that Tamar was carrying twins, which was previously unknown. - diff --git a/gen/38/28.md b/gen/38/28.md index f4c2534d0a..21e22926dd 100644 --- a/gen/38/28.md +++ b/gen/38/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a person who helps a woman when she is giving birth to a child. See how # on his hand "around his wrist" - diff --git a/gen/38/29.md b/gen/38/29.md index 43c47b99d5..20ac36ef5b 100644 --- a/gen/38/29.md +++ b/gen/38/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "she named him" (See: # Perez This is the name of a boy. Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Perez means 'breaking out.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/30.md b/gen/38/30.md index a520d40cb9..b58fcdba24 100644 --- a/gen/38/30.md +++ b/gen/38/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zerah This is the name of a boy. Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Zerah means 'scarlet or bright red.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/38/index.md b/gen/38/index.md index c1cf0e80b8..5040e6d52d 100644 --- a/gen/38/index.md +++ b/gen/38/index.md @@ -18,4 +18,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/canaan]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/judah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/tamar]] - diff --git a/gen/38/intro.md b/gen/38/intro.md index 03acf94821..d6fc68a726 100644 --- a/gen/38/intro.md +++ b/gen/38/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Genesis 38 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter focuses on Jacob's son Judah. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Spilling his seed" -Onan was to provide for his brother's widow and give her an heir. This phrase indicates that he used Tamar to fulfill his own sexual desires rather than help her. This was sinful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### "Spilling his seed" + +Onan was to provide for his brother's widow and give her an heir. This phrase indicates that he used Tamar to fulfill his own sexual desires rather than help her. This was sinful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) + +### God preserves Judah's line -#### God preserves Judah's line The Canaanite woman, Tamar, deceived her father-in-law, Judah, into having sexual relations with her. If it had not been for this act, Judah would not have any descendants to carry on his family line. Although her actions were wrong, God used them to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ The Canaanite woman, Tamar, deceived her father-in-law, Judah, into having sexua * __[Genesis 38:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../37/intro.md) | [>>](../39/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/39/01.md b/gen/39/01.md index 79a545e8d4..195fb7263a 100644 --- a/gen/39/01.md +++ b/gen/39/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joseph was brought down to Egypt Traveling to Egypt is always considered as going "down" in contrast to going "up" to the promised land. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Ishmaelites had taken Joseph to Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/02.md b/gen/39/02.md index 586545150c..e47a290e15 100644 --- a/gen/39/02.md +++ b/gen/39/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the author speaks of working in the master's house as if it were living in # his Egyptian master Joseph was now Potiphar's slave. - diff --git a/gen/39/03.md b/gen/39/03.md index 1b80acc4c9..41c0738c7f 100644 --- a/gen/39/03.md +++ b/gen/39/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the master saw how Yahweh was helping Joseph. Alternate translat # that Yahweh prospered everything that he did "Yahweh caused everything that Joseph did to prosper" - diff --git a/gen/39/04.md b/gen/39/04.md index 2f8495ade8..77e0ea8437 100644 --- a/gen/39/04.md +++ b/gen/39/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that he was Potiphar's personal servant. # put under his care When something is "put under someone's care," it means that the person is responsible for its care and safe-keeping. Alternate translation: "he had Joseph care for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/05.md b/gen/39/05.md index 9374597fce..698912acb8 100644 --- a/gen/39/05.md +++ b/gen/39/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the author speaks of the blessing that Yahweh gave as if it were a physical # everything that Potiphar had in the house and in the field This refers his household and his crops and livestock. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Potiphar's household and all of his crops and livestock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/06.md b/gen/39/06.md index 4b49855b01..747b307eaf 100644 --- a/gen/39/06.md +++ b/gen/39/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "now" marks a stop in the story as the author gives background informat # handsome and attractive Both of the words have same meaning. They refer to Joseph's pleasing appearance. He was likely good-looking and strong. Alternate translation: "handsome and strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/07.md b/gen/39/07.md index 1fbe014a5e..009821cdaf 100644 --- a/gen/39/07.md +++ b/gen/39/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Lie with me This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "Have sexual relations with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/08.md b/gen/39/08.md index 6f1ee27c24..233fe1e596 100644 --- a/gen/39/08.md +++ b/gen/39/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he has put everything that he owns under my care When something is "put under someone's care," it means that the person is responsible for its care and safe-keeping. Alternate translation: "he has put me in charge of everything that belongs to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/09.md b/gen/39/09.md index 2d09cb1748..e8a63d63f6 100644 --- a/gen/39/09.md +++ b/gen/39/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "He has given me eve # How then can I do this great wickedness and sin against God? Joseph uses a question for emphasis. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "I certainly cannot do such a wicked thing and sin against God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/10.md b/gen/39/10.md index 3955140577..845b19c0c5 100644 --- a/gen/39/10.md +++ b/gen/39/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "to have sexual relations with her" # to be with her "to be near her" - diff --git a/gen/39/11.md b/gen/39/11.md index 61451fbcb4..1be51eecea 100644 --- a/gen/39/11.md +++ b/gen/39/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # None of the men of the house "None of the other men who worked in the house" - diff --git a/gen/39/12.md b/gen/39/12.md index d46fae3e69..dfed5da6d6 100644 --- a/gen/39/12.md +++ b/gen/39/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "Have sexual relations with me" (See # fled, and went outside "and quickly ran outside" or "and quickly ran out of the house" - diff --git a/gen/39/13.md b/gen/39/13.md index 25087f06cc..c4ea968f9d 100644 --- a/gen/39/13.md +++ b/gen/39/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # had fled outside "had quickly ran out of the house" - diff --git a/gen/39/14.md b/gen/39/14.md index 72f189a5b9..8b87870b1f 100644 --- a/gen/39/14.md +++ b/gen/39/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # He came to me to lie with me Here Potiphar's wife is accusing Joseph of trying to seize her and have sexual relations with her. Alternate translation: "He came into my room to have sexual relations with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/15.md b/gen/39/15.md index 24d86b4a7f..755028d96d 100644 --- a/gen/39/15.md +++ b/gen/39/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It came about when he heard me scream, that he "When he heard me scream, he." The phrase "it came about" is used here to mark the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/16.md b/gen/39/16.md index 53f4627a6b..451edee3c9 100644 --- a/gen/39/16.md +++ b/gen/39/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his master "Joseph's master." This refers to Potiphar. - diff --git a/gen/39/17.md b/gen/39/17.md index a1e7049197..537f849e9b 100644 --- a/gen/39/17.md +++ b/gen/39/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "us" refers to Potiphar, his wife, and includes the rest of the househo # came in to mock me "came in to make a fool of me." Here, the word "mock" is a euphemism for "to seize and to sleep with." Alternate translation: "came into where I was and tried to force me to sleep with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/39/18.md b/gen/39/18.md index 5cb9e3865f..06ce7532ea 100644 --- a/gen/39/18.md +++ b/gen/39/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fled outside "ran quickly out of the house" - diff --git a/gen/39/19.md b/gen/39/19.md index 1bb39b9af4..2d8da67492 100644 --- a/gen/39/19.md +++ b/gen/39/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # he became very angry "Potiphar became very angry" - diff --git a/gen/39/20.md b/gen/39/20.md index 5d306bd52e..3e36040b76 100644 --- a/gen/39/20.md +++ b/gen/39/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the place where the k # He was there "Joseph stayed there" - diff --git a/gen/39/21.md b/gen/39/21.md index 5849359a1d..0820ec8f14 100644 --- a/gen/39/21.md +++ b/gen/39/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means Yahweh caused the prison warden to approve of Joseph and to treat him # the prison warden "the prison manager" or "the man in charge of the prison" - diff --git a/gen/39/22.md b/gen/39/22.md index 07765bd319..a35cdbdb91 100644 --- a/gen/39/22.md +++ b/gen/39/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents Joseph's power or trust. Alternate translation: "put Jose # Whatever they did there, Joseph was in charge of it "Joseph was in charge of everything they did there" - diff --git a/gen/39/23.md b/gen/39/23.md index f51c44f69c..f7f29580e4 100644 --- a/gen/39/23.md +++ b/gen/39/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to how Yahweh helped Joseph and guided him. Alternate translation: " # Whatever he did, Yahweh prospered "Yahweh caused everything that Joseph did to prosper" - diff --git a/gen/39/index.md b/gen/39/index.md index d757fa2de8..dfb11af9c9 100644 --- a/gen/39/index.md +++ b/gen/39/index.md @@ -22,4 +22,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/josephot]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/pharaoh]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/potiphar]] - diff --git a/gen/39/intro.md b/gen/39/intro.md index fc1aa5f01d..796ce34523 100644 --- a/gen/39/intro.md +++ b/gen/39/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Genesis 39 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's power -#### God's power The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. This is a sign of Yahweh's covenant faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]]) -#### Joseph's character +### Joseph's character + Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph's ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph's character in this chapter is upright. He chose to do what was right, even when it could cause him harm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph's ancestors and brothers str * __[Genesis 39:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../38/intro.md) | [>>](../40/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/40/01.md b/gen/40/01.md index 1d2d9b72a1..9bd731be50 100644 --- a/gen/40/01.md +++ b/gen/40/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the person who made food for the king. # offended their master "upset their master" - diff --git a/gen/40/02.md b/gen/40/02.md index fbc17b6c66..dc94035f21 100644 --- a/gen/40/02.md +++ b/gen/40/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the chief of the cupbearers and the chief of the bakers "the leading cupbearer and the leading baker" - diff --git a/gen/40/03.md b/gen/40/03.md index 4d2663952a..e6981c5af1 100644 --- a/gen/40/03.md +++ b/gen/40/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king did not put them in prison but rather he commanded for them to be impri # in the same prison where Joseph was confined This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This was the same prison that Joseph was in" or "This was the same prison Potiphar put Joseph in" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/40/04.md b/gen/40/04.md index 8f5b5c6fa0..e15737f0a1 100644 --- a/gen/40/04.md +++ b/gen/40/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They remained in custody for some time "They remained in prison for a long time" - diff --git a/gen/40/05.md b/gen/40/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/40/05.md +++ b/gen/40/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/40/06.md b/gen/40/06.md index 50a5ee7b29..29ee29be63 100644 --- a/gen/40/06.md +++ b/gen/40/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Behold, they were upset The word "behold" here shows that Joseph was surprised by what he saw. Alternate translation: "He was surprised to see that they were upset" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/40/07.md b/gen/40/07.md index a100822d00..3a2fb56106 100644 --- a/gen/40/07.md +++ b/gen/40/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the cupbearer and the baker. # in custody in his master's house "In prison in him master's house." "His master" refers to Joseph's master, the captain of the guard. - diff --git a/gen/40/08.md b/gen/40/08.md index 81432a8638..aa14a5f8ad 100644 --- a/gen/40/08.md +++ b/gen/40/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joseph uses a question for emphasis. This can be written as a statement. Alterna # Tell me, please Joseph asks for them to tell him their dreams. Alternate translation: "Tell me the dreams, please" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/40/09.md b/gen/40/09.md index bd9a9fb65f..9489095a5a 100644 --- a/gen/40/09.md +++ b/gen/40/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The most important person who brings drinks to the king. See how you translated # In my dream, behold, a vine was in front of me "In my dream, I saw a vine in front of me!" The cupbearer uses word "behold" here to show that he was surprised by what he saw in his dream and to alert Joseph to pay attention. - diff --git a/gen/40/10.md b/gen/40/10.md index 73eff71f2c..55463e5eb7 100644 --- a/gen/40/10.md +++ b/gen/40/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the clusters of grapes ripened "its clusters ripened into grapes" - diff --git a/gen/40/11.md b/gen/40/11.md index 1fff727118..dbf83f3c62 100644 --- a/gen/40/11.md +++ b/gen/40/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # squeezed them This means that he squeezed the juice out of them. Alternate translation: "squeezed the juice from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/40/12.md b/gen/40/12.md index 2bea6892e4..e77125d70e 100644 --- a/gen/40/12.md +++ b/gen/40/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The three branches are three days "The three branches represent three days" - diff --git a/gen/40/13.md b/gen/40/13.md index fa3c5a7df6..8e94598499 100644 --- a/gen/40/13.md +++ b/gen/40/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "lift up your head" is a metaphor for "restore your honor." If the meaning # just as when "just as you did when" - diff --git a/gen/40/14.md b/gen/40/14.md index f5aaa4381d..6f18ed1bcd 100644 --- a/gen/40/14.md +++ b/gen/40/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Mention me to Pharaoh and bring me out of this prison Joseph means for the cupbearer to tell Pharaoh about him so that Pharaoh will release him from prison. Alternate translation: "Help me get out of this prison by telling Pharaoh about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/40/15.md b/gen/40/15.md index 2ce5b18e4f..f7420840a9 100644 --- a/gen/40/15.md +++ b/gen/40/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For indeed people too # Here also have I done nothing that they should put me in this dungeon "and also while I have been here in Egypt, I have done nothing for which I deserved to be put in prison" - diff --git a/gen/40/16.md b/gen/40/16.md index 071b8c78cc..059d5beb07 100644 --- a/gen/40/16.md +++ b/gen/40/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the leading person who made food for the king. See how this was t # behold, three baskets of bread were on my head "there were three baskets of bread on my head!" The baker uses word "behold" here to show that he was surprised by what he saw in his dream and to alert Joseph to pay attention. - diff --git a/gen/40/17.md b/gen/40/17.md index d31be89ca9..73c4aae64c 100644 --- a/gen/40/17.md +++ b/gen/40/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # baked goods for Pharaoh "baked foods for Pharaoh" - diff --git a/gen/40/18.md b/gen/40/18.md index 9e49385865..4e680bf32b 100644 --- a/gen/40/18.md +++ b/gen/40/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The three baskets are three days "The three baskets represent three days" - diff --git a/gen/40/19.md b/gen/40/19.md index ced6b5433b..68ff29a2fb 100644 --- a/gen/40/19.md +++ b/gen/40/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verse 13 Joseph said "lift up your head," but there it had a different meanin # flesh Here "flesh" literally means the soft tissue on a person's body. - diff --git a/gen/40/20.md b/gen/40/20.md index 8aadcf07d3..670e7d0305 100644 --- a/gen/40/20.md +++ b/gen/40/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was the leading person who prepared and served drinks to the king. See how # the chief of the bakers This refers to the leading person who made food for the king. See how this was translated in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). - diff --git a/gen/40/21.md b/gen/40/21.md index 34fc122975..91bc00a3b5 100644 --- a/gen/40/21.md +++ b/gen/40/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He restored the chief of the cupbearers to his responsibility The chief of the cupbearer's "responsibility" refers to his job as chief of the cupbearers. Alternate translation: "He gave the chief of the cupbearers his job back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/40/22.md b/gen/40/22.md index 942405e632..99cd77e12f 100644 --- a/gen/40/22.md +++ b/gen/40/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Pharaoh did not personally hang the baker, rather he commanded for him to be han # just as Joseph had interpreted to them This refers to when Joseph interpreted their dreams. Alternate translation: "just as Joseph had said would happen when he interpreted the two men's dreams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/40/23.md b/gen/40/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/40/23.md +++ b/gen/40/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/40/index.md b/gen/40/index.md index 6b717e02ec..8af07f43b7 100644 --- a/gen/40/index.md +++ b/gen/40/index.md @@ -18,4 +18,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/egypt]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/josephot]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/pharaoh]] - diff --git a/gen/40/intro.md b/gen/40/intro.md index daf5089603..91d1643b0f 100644 --- a/gen/40/intro.md +++ b/gen/40/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Genesis 40 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's power -#### God's power The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) -#### Interpretation of dreams +### Interpretation of dreams + The interpretation of dreams was important in the ancient Near East. It was seen as possible only through divine power. Yahweh gave Joseph the power to interpret dreams in order to bring himself glory and to protect Joseph and the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ The interpretation of dreams was important in the ancient Near East. It was seen * __[Genesis 40:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../39/intro.md) | [>>](../41/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/41/01.md b/gen/41/01.md index 3579b210d6..bbeaf80a98 100644 --- a/gen/41/01.md +++ b/gen/41/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "behold" here marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. # he stood "Pharaoh was standing" - diff --git a/gen/41/02.md b/gen/41/02.md index 888df9aab6..7fff50782c 100644 --- a/gen/41/02.md +++ b/gen/41/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # reeds tall, thin grasses that grow in wet areas - diff --git a/gen/41/03.md b/gen/41/03.md index 97229d655c..9be35e3abd 100644 --- a/gen/41/03.md +++ b/gen/41/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" here shows that Pharaoh was again surprised by what he saw. # bank of the river "beside the river" or "riverside." This is the higher ground along the edge of a river. - diff --git a/gen/41/04.md b/gen/41/04.md index 38898551eb..49de8e01ae 100644 --- a/gen/41/04.md +++ b/gen/41/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # woke up "awakened" - diff --git a/gen/41/05.md b/gen/41/05.md index d4e7b7be74..fb3c6269e1 100644 --- a/gen/41/05.md +++ b/gen/41/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The heads are parts of the corn plant on which the seeds grow. # on one stalk, wholesome and good "on one stock and they were healthy and beautiful" - diff --git a/gen/41/06.md b/gen/41/06.md index 8f89471303..471b95e461 100644 --- a/gen/41/06.md +++ b/gen/41/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Wind from the east blew in from the desert. The heat of the east wind was often # sprouted up "grew up" or "developed" - diff --git a/gen/41/07.md b/gen/41/07.md index f3ee7f699a..223950b9fb 100644 --- a/gen/41/07.md +++ b/gen/41/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "behold" here shows that Pharaoh was surprised by what he had seen. # it was a dream "he had been dreaming" - diff --git a/gen/41/08.md b/gen/41/08.md index 1cd7dcff6b..96f53e84cf 100644 --- a/gen/41/08.md +++ b/gen/41/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is understood that he sent servants. Alternate translation: "He sent his serv # all the magicians and wise men of Egypt Ancient kings and rulers used magicians and wise men as advisers. - diff --git a/gen/41/09.md b/gen/41/09.md index 24152984f1..ac00d5a6c9 100644 --- a/gen/41/09.md +++ b/gen/41/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The most important person who brings drinks to the king. See how you translated # I have remembered my sins today "I realize now that I have sinned." The phrase "my sins" is used for emphasis. His "sins" are that he should have told Pharaoh something much earlier but he did not. - diff --git a/gen/41/10.md b/gen/41/10.md index 2b5c0bb208..64f50e9534 100644 --- a/gen/41/10.md +++ b/gen/41/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The soldier in charge of the royal guards. See how you translated this in [Genes # the chief baker The most important person who made food for the king. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). - diff --git a/gen/41/11.md b/gen/41/11.md index bb39f4f441..405dd7ca21 100644 --- a/gen/41/11.md +++ b/gen/41/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "We" refers to the chief cupbearer and the chief baker. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # We dreamed each man according to the interpretation of his dream "Our dreams had different meanings" - diff --git a/gen/41/12.md b/gen/41/12.md index 61d35056eb..e4412fafb5 100644 --- a/gen/41/12.md +++ b/gen/41/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The soldier in charge of the royal guards. See how you translated this in [Genes # He interpreted for each of us according to his dream Here "his" refers to the cupbearer and baker individually, not to the one interpreting the dream. Alternate translation: "He explained what was going to happen to both of us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/13.md b/gen/41/13.md index 7751450d69..8945aad853 100644 --- a/gen/41/13.md +++ b/gen/41/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the cupbearer uses Pharaoh's title in speaking to him as a way of honoring # he hanged Here "he" refers to Pharaoh. And, it stands for the soldiers that Pharaoh commanded to hang the chief baker. Alternate translation: "you ordered your soldiers to hang" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/14.md b/gen/41/14.md index 1f3b1846af..f1035b6a6d 100644 --- a/gen/41/14.md +++ b/gen/41/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It was common practice to shave both the facial and head hair when preparing to # came in to Pharaoh Here "came" can be stated as "went." Alternate translation: "went before Pharaoh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/15.md b/gen/41/15.md index 1310215d90..c398509187 100644 --- a/gen/41/15.md +++ b/gen/41/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you can interpret it "you can explain its meaning" - diff --git a/gen/41/16.md b/gen/41/16.md index e1ce2417e6..f87aaf66e1 100644 --- a/gen/41/16.md +++ b/gen/41/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # God will answer Pharaoh with favor "God will answer Pharaoh favorably" - diff --git a/gen/41/17.md b/gen/41/17.md index 576effd5e8..92cda3736b 100644 --- a/gen/41/17.md +++ b/gen/41/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Pharaoh uses the word "behold" to make Joseph pay attention to surprising inform # bank of the Nile This is the higher ground along the edge of the Nile River. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:3](../41/03.md). Alternate translation: "beside the Nile" - diff --git a/gen/41/18.md b/gen/41/18.md index d1ea424fd5..39176b6996 100644 --- a/gen/41/18.md +++ b/gen/41/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Pharaoh uses the word "Behold" to make Joseph pay attention to surprising inform # grazed among the reeds "were eating the grass along the side of the river." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). - diff --git a/gen/41/19.md b/gen/41/19.md index 6d1d8a5c07..5e5e89c522 100644 --- a/gen/41/19.md +++ b/gen/41/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Pharaoh uses the word "Behold" to make Joseph pay attention to surprising inform # such undesirableness The abstract noun "undesirableness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "such ugly cows" or "such worthless looking cows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/20.md b/gen/41/20.md index d64b29a61e..e46817c180 100644 --- a/gen/41/20.md +++ b/gen/41/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fat cows "well-fed cows." See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). - diff --git a/gen/41/21.md b/gen/41/21.md index 74a7adb18d..abb2bcb516 100644 --- a/gen/41/21.md +++ b/gen/41/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it could not be known that they had eaten them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one would have been able to tell that the thin cows had eaten the fat cows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/22.md b/gen/41/22.md index 92ab2de1e8..06174060f0 100644 --- a/gen/41/22.md +++ b/gen/41/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "of grain" are understood. Alternate translation: "seven heads of grai # came up upon one stalk "grew up on one stem." The stalk is the thick or tall part of a plant. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:5](../41/05.md). - diff --git a/gen/41/23.md b/gen/41/23.md index 734ffe1c26..4c21ed8d90 100644 --- a/gen/41/23.md +++ b/gen/41/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ dead and dried # sprang up "grew up" or "developed" - diff --git a/gen/41/24.md b/gen/41/24.md index 8806387bae..6123ac55de 100644 --- a/gen/41/24.md +++ b/gen/41/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "of grain" are understood. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41: # there was none that could "there was not a single one that could" or "none of them could" - diff --git a/gen/41/25.md b/gen/41/25.md index 1747fd44e6..94a385a663 100644 --- a/gen/41/25.md +++ b/gen/41/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the meanings are the same. Alternate translation: "Both dream # What God is about to do, he has declared to Pharaoh Joseph speaks to Pharaoh in the third person. This is a way of showing respect. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: "God is showing you what he will soon do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/26.md b/gen/41/26.md index a4ef6741e0..34f0d23edf 100644 --- a/gen/41/26.md +++ b/gen/41/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven good heads The words "of grain" are understood. Alternate translation: "seven good heads of grain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/27.md b/gen/41/27.md index 4eca7a3db4..c761b92dc1 100644 --- a/gen/41/27.md +++ b/gen/41/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joseph continues his interpretation of Pharaoh's dreams # seven thin heads scorched by the east wind This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "seven thin heads of grain scorched because of the hot wind from the east" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/28.md b/gen/41/28.md index 34ddf5cdc0..a6c4bf4c13 100644 --- a/gen/41/28.md +++ b/gen/41/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joseph speaks to Pharaoh in the third person. This is a way of showing respect. # he has revealed "he has made known" - diff --git a/gen/41/29.md b/gen/41/29.md index 59f3dc0cff..b2488b8376 100644 --- a/gen/41/29.md +++ b/gen/41/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # seven years of great abundance will come throughout all the land of Egypt This speaks about the years of abundance as if time is something that travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: "there will be seven years in which there will be plenty of food throughout the land of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/30.md b/gen/41/30.md index c7e42a6eaa..b0f395f2a4 100644 --- a/gen/41/30.md +++ b/gen/41/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "land" refers to the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate t # will devastate the land Here "land" refers to the soil, the people, and the entire country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/31.md b/gen/41/31.md index 56df41b79d..4cad14ca33 100644 --- a/gen/41/31.md +++ b/gen/41/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joseph expresses an idea in two ways to emphasize its importance. (See: [[rc://e # because of the famine that will follow This speaks about the famine as if it were a thing that travels and follows behind something else. Alternate translation: "because of the time of famine that will happen afterwards" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/32.md b/gen/41/32.md index 73ffacc238..1ad7618658 100644 --- a/gen/41/32.md +++ b/gen/41/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # That the dream was repeated to Pharaoh is because the matter has been established by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God gave you two dreams to show you that he will certainly cause these things to happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/33.md b/gen/41/33.md index 9f9041bafc..4d17bf7438 100644 --- a/gen/41/33.md +++ b/gen/41/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "put him over" means to give someone authority. Alternate translation # land of Egypt Here "land" stands for all the people and everything in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/34.md b/gen/41/34.md index 34962b9697..6e3f58b92d 100644 --- a/gen/41/34.md +++ b/gen/41/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "fifth" is a fraction. Alternate translation: "let them divide the crop # in the seven abundant years "during the seven years in which there is plenty of food" - diff --git a/gen/41/35.md b/gen/41/35.md index de1ff7d322..7e69bc1199 100644 --- a/gen/41/35.md +++ b/gen/41/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "under the authority of Pharaoh" means Pharaoh gives them authority. # They should preserve it The word "they" refers to the overseers and represents the soldiers that they should command to guard the grain. Alternate translation: "The overseers should leave soldiers there to guard the grain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/36.md b/gen/41/36.md index 94583d0f6d..ffc0c464cd 100644 --- a/gen/41/36.md +++ b/gen/41/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "land" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "This food will be for # In this way the land will not be devastated by the famine Here "land" stands for the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This way the people will not starve during the famine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/37.md b/gen/41/37.md index ae3ffaefaf..28aefbfb22 100644 --- a/gen/41/37.md +++ b/gen/41/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate # his servants This means Pharaoh's officials. - diff --git a/gen/41/38.md b/gen/41/38.md index c12f590a62..8575303464 100644 --- a/gen/41/38.md +++ b/gen/41/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in whom is the Spirit of God "in whom the Spirit of God lives" - diff --git a/gen/41/39.md b/gen/41/39.md index 7024a9ce1d..43466fa355 100644 --- a/gen/41/39.md +++ b/gen/41/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there is none so discerning "no one else is as capable in making decisions." See how you translated "discerning" in [Genesis 41:33](../41/33.md). - diff --git a/gen/41/40.md b/gen/41/40.md index d6d7e3c377..dfefe68ed1 100644 --- a/gen/41/40.md +++ b/gen/41/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will rule over my # Only in the throne Here "throne" stands for Pharaoh's rule as king. Alternate translation: "Only in my role as king" - diff --git a/gen/41/41.md b/gen/41/41.md index 52ed4b57de..47e09b9652 100644 --- a/gen/41/41.md +++ b/gen/41/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "See" adds emphasis to what Pharaoh says next. Alternate translation: " # I have put you over all the land of Egypt The phrase "put you over" means to give authority. Here "land" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "I put you in charge of everyone in Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/42.md b/gen/41/42.md index 03cf25dafd..2b1f8bf9df 100644 --- a/gen/41/42.md +++ b/gen/41/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This ring had Pharaoh's seal engraved on it. This gave Joseph the authority and # clothes of fine linen "Linen" here is a smooth, strong cloth made from the blue-flowered flax plant. - diff --git a/gen/41/43.md b/gen/41/43.md index f8aaf255a6..03f1e488b6 100644 --- a/gen/41/43.md +++ b/gen/41/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This act makes clear to the people that Joseph is second only to Pharaoh. (See: # Pharaoh put him over all the land The phrase "put you over" means to give authority. Here "land" refers to the people. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:41](../41/41.md). Alternate translation: "I put you in charge of everyone in Egypt"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/44.md b/gen/41/44.md index cd4fc05cab..469fb2559d 100644 --- a/gen/41/44.md +++ b/gen/41/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" and "foot" stand for a person's actions. Alternate translation: "no # no man Here "man" refers to any person in general, whether male or female. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/45.md b/gen/41/45.md index 1b285e87a5..c7181a0f24 100644 --- a/gen/41/45.md +++ b/gen/41/45.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ On is a city, also called Heliopolis, which was "the City of the Sun" and the ce # Joseph went out over the land of Egypt Joseph traveled over the land to supervise the preparations for the coming drought. - diff --git a/gen/41/46.md b/gen/41/46.md index 10567010ac..db2eff7622 100644 --- a/gen/41/46.md +++ b/gen/41/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "stood before" stands for Joseph starting to serve Pharaoh. Alternate trans # went throughout all the land of Egypt Joseph is inspecting the country as he prepares to carry out his plans. - diff --git a/gen/41/47.md b/gen/41/47.md index 83bd1764a8..cffee4a454 100644 --- a/gen/41/47.md +++ b/gen/41/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the land produced abundantly "the land produced big harvests" - diff --git a/gen/41/48.md b/gen/41/48.md index 1dda3d67df..113788f41e 100644 --- a/gen/41/48.md +++ b/gen/41/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He gathered up ... He put Here "He" stands for Joseph's servants. Alternate translation: "Joseph ordered his servants to gather ... They put" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/49.md b/gen/41/49.md index bdebddc786..c9bc727ed9 100644 --- a/gen/41/49.md +++ b/gen/41/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This compares the grain to the sand of sea to emphasize its great quantity. Alte # Joseph stored up ... he stopped Here "Joseph" and "he" stand for Joseph's servants. Alternate translation: "Joseph had his servants store up ... they stopped" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/50.md b/gen/41/50.md index 0f62055beb..b33c6bb3bc 100644 --- a/gen/41/50.md +++ b/gen/41/50.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a woman's name. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (Se # priest of On On is a city, also called Heliopolis, which was "the City of the Sun" and the center of worship of the sun god Ra. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/51.md b/gen/41/51.md index 5cc27de9bf..166213c333 100644 --- a/gen/41/51.md +++ b/gen/41/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may also add a footnote that says, "The name 'Manasseh' means 'to ca # father's household This refers to Joseph's father Jacob and his family. - diff --git a/gen/41/52.md b/gen/41/52.md index 818b21a74d..708b86bd56 100644 --- a/gen/41/52.md +++ b/gen/41/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "fruitful" means to prosper or to have children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # in the land of my affliction The abstract noun "affliction" can be stated as "I have suffered." Alternate translation: "in this land where I have suffered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/53.md b/gen/41/53.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/41/53.md +++ b/gen/41/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/41/54.md b/gen/41/54.md index 16651d0f8f..c808b7f863 100644 --- a/gen/41/54.md +++ b/gen/41/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In all the surrounding nations beyond Egypt, including the land of Canaan. # but in all the land of Egypt there was food It is implied that there was food because of Joseph commanded his people to store food during the seven good years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/55.md b/gen/41/55.md index 9d06521e0e..20e13e73f8 100644 --- a/gen/41/55.md +++ b/gen/41/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When all the land of Egypt was famished Here "land" stands for the people. Alternate translation: "When all the Egyptians were starving" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/56.md b/gen/41/56.md index 8eb8161ac0..a1f2435c32 100644 --- a/gen/41/56.md +++ b/gen/41/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "face" refers to the surface of the land. Alternate translation: "The f # Joseph opened all the storehouses and sold to the Egyptians Here "Joseph" stands for Joseph's servants. Alternate translation: "Joseph had his servants open all the storehouses and sell grain to the Egyptians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/41/57.md b/gen/41/57.md index ba6d01b394..041823fbc7 100644 --- a/gen/41/57.md +++ b/gen/41/57.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "earth" stands for the people from all regions. Alternate translation: "Peo # in all the earth "throughout the land." It is likely that all the different trading partners and nations that were part of the Egyptian trading routes effected by the drought came to Egypt for grain. - diff --git a/gen/41/index.md b/gen/41/index.md index 1a0dca5185..063f4ba25a 100644 --- a/gen/41/index.md +++ b/gen/41/index.md @@ -52,4 +52,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/manasseh]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/nileriver]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/pharaoh]] - diff --git a/gen/41/intro.md b/gen/41/intro.md index 19ce32c163..e5bcc06422 100644 --- a/gen/41/intro.md +++ b/gen/41/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Genesis 41 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's power -#### God's power The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) -#### Interpretation of dreams +### Interpretation of dreams + The interpretation of dreams was important in the ancient Near East. It was seen as possible only through divine power. Yahweh gave Joseph the power to interpret dreams in order to bring himself glory and to protect Joseph and the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]]) -#### Joseph's character -Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph's ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph's character in this chapter is upright. It gained him great favor in the eyes of Pharaoh and helped to save his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]l, [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) +### Joseph's character + +Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph's ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph's character in this chapter is upright. It gained him great favor in the eyes of Pharaoh and helped to save his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] l, [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: * __[Genesis 41:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../40/intro.md) | [>>](../42/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/42/01.md b/gen/42/01.md index da480cbe0d..18a0f5d508 100644 --- a/gen/42/01.md +++ b/gen/42/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Now" marks a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing # Why do you look at one another? Jacob uses a question to scold his sons for not doing anything about the grain. Alternate translation: "Do not just sit here!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/02.md b/gen/42/02.md index d1e8cec434..d7a5fa4cff 100644 --- a/gen/42/02.md +++ b/gen/42/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Go down there It was common to speak of going from Canaan to Egypt as going "down." - diff --git a/gen/42/03.md b/gen/42/03.md index 6be5d033fc..b00c79c99b 100644 --- a/gen/42/03.md +++ b/gen/42/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It was common to speak of going from Canaan to Egypt as going "down." # from Egypt Here "Egypt" refers to the people selling grain. Alternate translation: "from those selling grain in Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/04.md b/gen/42/04.md index bc5c986ca0..191dda8261 100644 --- a/gen/42/04.md +++ b/gen/42/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob did not send Benjamin, Joseph's brother, with his brothers Benjamin and Joseph had the same father and mother; their mother was different from the mothers of the other brothers. Jacob did not want to risk sending Rachel's last son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/05.md b/gen/42/05.md index 6f20a16d1f..5ae0d1b516 100644 --- a/gen/42/05.md +++ b/gen/42/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The sons of Israel came to buy among those who came The word "came" can be translated as "went." Also, the words "grain" and "Egypt" are understood. Alternate translation: "The sons of Israel went to by grain along with other people who went to Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/06.md b/gen/42/06.md index 0d968df5ee..18285991ab 100644 --- a/gen/42/06.md +++ b/gen/42/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "came" can be translated as "went." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) # bowed down to him with their faces to the ground This is a way of showing respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/07.md b/gen/42/07.md index c88fd35132..154380b30f 100644 --- a/gen/42/07.md +++ b/gen/42/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Where have you come from? This was not a rhetorical question even though Joseph knew the answer. It was part of his choice to keep his identity from his brothers. - diff --git a/gen/42/08.md b/gen/42/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/42/08.md +++ b/gen/42/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/42/09.md b/gen/42/09.md index c2bb9e5659..44f4854866 100644 --- a/gen/42/09.md +++ b/gen/42/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Spies are people who secretly try to get information about a country to help ano # You have come to see the undefended parts of the land The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "You have come to find out where we are not guarding our land so that you can attack us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/10.md b/gen/42/10.md index edeee7cf4d..e050ae7e57 100644 --- a/gen/42/10.md +++ b/gen/42/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a way to refer to someone to honor them. # Your servants have The brothers refer to themselves as "your servants." This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: "We, your servants, have" or "We have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/11.md b/gen/42/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/42/11.md +++ b/gen/42/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/42/12.md b/gen/42/12.md index fbdf4a91a1..f8994c2f76 100644 --- a/gen/42/12.md +++ b/gen/42/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # No, you have come to see the undefended parts of the land The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "No, you have come to find out where we are not guarding our land so that you can attack us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/13.md b/gen/42/13.md index 10c3f941c6..7e292a9307 100644 --- a/gen/42/13.md +++ b/gen/42/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the youngest is this day with our father "right now our youngest brother is with our father" - diff --git a/gen/42/14.md b/gen/42/14.md index 1b0749da09..8453470e25 100644 --- a/gen/42/14.md +++ b/gen/42/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is what I said to you; you are spies "like I already said, you are spies." See how you translated "spies" in [Genesis 42:9](../42/09.md). - diff --git a/gen/42/15.md b/gen/42/15.md index d3f6e54a08..4bd2978f1b 100644 --- a/gen/42/15.md +++ b/gen/42/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This is how I will te # By the life of Pharaoh This phrase indicates a solemn oath. Alternate translation: "I swear by the life of Pharaoh" - diff --git a/gen/42/16.md b/gen/42/16.md index 9b7dfc2ea0..d016f65b3c 100644 --- a/gen/42/16.md +++ b/gen/42/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # that your words may be tested, whether there is truth in you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that I may find out if you are telling the truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/17.md b/gen/42/17.md index 0ea89e31e0..ab5f15292e 100644 --- a/gen/42/17.md +++ b/gen/42/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in custody "in prison" - diff --git a/gen/42/18.md b/gen/42/18.md index 7e613e727f..b4f0268b51 100644 --- a/gen/42/18.md +++ b/gen/42/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "third" is an ordinal number. Alternate translation: "after the second # fear God This refers to deeply respecting God and showing that respect by obeying him. - diff --git a/gen/42/19.md b/gen/42/19.md index c1fe111b46..266b010259 100644 --- a/gen/42/19.md +++ b/gen/42/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" is plural and refers to all the brothers that will not stay in prison # carry grain for the famine of your houses Here "houses" stands for families. Alternate translation: "carry grain home to help your family during this famine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/20.md b/gen/42/20.md index 4f03b16c77..b2ee55c8fa 100644 --- a/gen/42/20.md +++ b/gen/42/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so I may know what yo # you will not die This implies that Joseph would have his soldiers execute the brothers if he finds out they are spies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/21.md b/gen/42/21.md index d50d40cf34..356612df1b 100644 --- a/gen/42/21.md +++ b/gen/42/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "soul" stands for Joseph. Alternate translation: "because we saw how di # Therefore this distress has come upon us The abstract noun "distress" can be stated as the verb "suffering." Alternate translation: "That is why we are suffering like this now" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/22.md b/gen/42/22.md index b6634654a4..f835c45884 100644 --- a/gen/42/22.md +++ b/gen/42/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Now" does not mean "at this moment," but both "Now" and "see" are used to # his blood is required of us Here "blood" stands for Joseph's death. His brothers thought Joseph was dead. The phrase "is required of us" means they must be punished for what they did. Alternate translation: "we are getting what we deserve for his death" or "we are suffering for having killed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/23.md b/gen/42/23.md index 762207b5ea..03f069b40f 100644 --- a/gen/42/23.md +++ b/gen/42/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This changes from the main story to background information that explains why the # an interpreter An "interpreter" is someone who translates what one person says into another language. Joseph placed an interpreter between himself and his brothers to make it seem like he did not speak their language. - diff --git a/gen/42/24.md b/gen/42/24.md index b6161ab1c9..3b67da0b01 100644 --- a/gen/42/24.md +++ b/gen/42/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joseph was still speaking a different language and using the interpreter to spea # bound him before their eyes Here the people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: "bound him in their sight" or "bound him as they watched" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/25.md b/gen/42/25.md index a26af2494d..aef2a5c54f 100644 --- a/gen/42/25.md +++ b/gen/42/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # It was done for them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The servants did for them everything that Joseph commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/26.md b/gen/42/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/42/26.md +++ b/gen/42/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/42/27.md b/gen/42/27.md index f9dd40d966..f4c7b72141 100644 --- a/gen/42/27.md +++ b/gen/42/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Behold The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. - diff --git a/gen/42/28.md b/gen/42/28.md index c0ea15e9d9..35c68fdb3f 100644 --- a/gen/42/28.md +++ b/gen/42/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone has put my mo # Their hearts sank To become afraid is spoken of as if their heart were sinking. Here "hearts" stands for courage. Alternate translation: "They became very afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/29.md b/gen/42/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/42/29.md +++ b/gen/42/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/42/30.md b/gen/42/30.md index 1cfc6bdb33..f00e4df592 100644 --- a/gen/42/30.md +++ b/gen/42/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # we were spies Spies are people who secretly try to get information about a country to help another country. See how you translated "spies" in [Genesis 42:9](../42/09.md). - diff --git a/gen/42/31.md b/gen/42/31.md index 9bb3bbba33..4a7def21a4 100644 --- a/gen/42/31.md +++ b/gen/42/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We said to him, 'We are honest men. We are not spies. This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. "We told him that we are honest men and not spies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/32.md b/gen/42/32.md index 46af809e56..68b4f3aa27 100644 --- a/gen/42/32.md +++ b/gen/42/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "brother" is understood. Alternate translation: "One brother is no long # the youngest is this day with our father The word "brother" is understood. Alternate translation: "the youngest brother is with our father right now" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/33.md b/gen/42/33.md index b5787ff03a..4b9530d5d1 100644 --- a/gen/42/33.md +++ b/gen/42/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "houses" stands for "family." Alternate translation: "take grain to help yo # go your way "go home" or "leave" - diff --git a/gen/42/34.md b/gen/42/34.md index 3f8a1b87a2..e65a268c8e 100644 --- a/gen/42/34.md +++ b/gen/42/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will trade in the land "I will allow you to buy and sell in this land" - diff --git a/gen/42/35.md b/gen/42/35.md index 1ce348936b..2b3c7eccf1 100644 --- a/gen/42/35.md +++ b/gen/42/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # behold, every "they were surprised because every" - diff --git a/gen/42/36.md b/gen/42/36.md index 1be28e9e73..ed3290f4c7 100644 --- a/gen/42/36.md +++ b/gen/42/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # All these things are against me "all these things hurt me" - diff --git a/gen/42/37.md b/gen/42/37.md index a3828ab48c..75f942b9f7 100644 --- a/gen/42/37.md +++ b/gen/42/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Put him in my hands This is a request for Reuben to take Joseph with him and to care for him on the journey. Alternate translation: "Put me in charge of him" or "Let me take care of him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/38.md b/gen/42/38.md index ba9e58fa02..ee112caa38 100644 --- a/gen/42/38.md +++ b/gen/42/38.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ To "bring down ... to Sheol" is way of saying they will cause him to die and go # my gray hair This stands for Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Alternate translation: "me, an old man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/42/index.md b/gen/42/index.md index f56ce0f8a6..7af19f08fe 100644 --- a/gen/42/index.md +++ b/gen/42/index.md @@ -35,4 +35,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/pharaoh]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/reuben]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/simeon]] - diff --git a/gen/42/intro.md b/gen/42/intro.md index f38538af74..d2fe2a38f6 100644 --- a/gen/42/intro.md +++ b/gen/42/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Genesis 42 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Famine -#### Famine Apparently this famine extended beyond Egypt and encompassed the land of Canaan too. Because of Egypt's size and power, it would not have been unusual for people to go there in times of need. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Joseph's test -Joseph tests his brothers to see if they are good. They treat their brother Benjamin better than they treated Joseph and tried to protect him. +### Joseph's test + +Joseph tests his brothers to see if they are good. They treat their brother Benjamin better than they treated Joseph and tried to protect him. ## Links: * __[Genesis 42:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../41/intro.md) | [>>](../43/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/43/01.md b/gen/43/01.md index 966cb8f7a6..4fffff2017 100644 --- a/gen/43/01.md +++ b/gen/43/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The famine was severe in the land The word "Canaan" is understood. This information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "The famine was severe in the land of Canaan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/02.md b/gen/43/02.md index 82fbbcd8a2..c861994230 100644 --- a/gen/43/02.md +++ b/gen/43/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If yo # buy us Here "us" refers to Jacob, his sons, and the rest of the family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/03.md b/gen/43/03.md index 30c77a316e..7d478b01f0 100644 --- a/gen/43/03.md +++ b/gen/43/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Judah uses this phrase twice in 43:3-5 to emphasize to his father that they cann # your brother is with you Judah is referring to Benjamin, Rachel's last born before she died. - diff --git a/gen/43/04.md b/gen/43/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/43/04.md +++ b/gen/43/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/43/05.md b/gen/43/05.md index 8b84f5d633..20684d4514 100644 --- a/gen/43/05.md +++ b/gen/43/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we will not go down It was common to use the phrase "go down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. - diff --git a/gen/43/06.md b/gen/43/06.md index 207f49798a..59a3855a6f 100644 --- a/gen/43/06.md +++ b/gen/43/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why did you treat me so badly "Why did you cause me so much trouble" - diff --git a/gen/43/07.md b/gen/43/07.md index edc8ca72e9..32e38c9b35 100644 --- a/gen/43/07.md +++ b/gen/43/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # Bring your brother down It was common to use the word "down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. - diff --git a/gen/43/08.md b/gen/43/08.md index 39b9fbe6e4..f746e49e49 100644 --- a/gen/43/08.md +++ b/gen/43/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "you" is singular and refers to Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you # also our children Here "our" refers to the brothers. This refers to the small children who were most likely to die during a famine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/09.md b/gen/43/09.md index 53b5696bed..1434f5ee9b 100644 --- a/gen/43/09.md +++ b/gen/43/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ How Jacob will hold Judah responsible can be stated clearly. Alternate translati # let me bear the blame This speaks about "blame" as if it were an object that a person has to carry. Alternate translation: "you may blame me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/10.md b/gen/43/10.md index 6c56d66b0b..6454f1c051 100644 --- a/gen/43/10.md +++ b/gen/43/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They delayed because their father waited so long to send his sons to Egypt to ge # we would have come back here a second time "we could have gone and returned twice" - diff --git a/gen/43/11.md b/gen/43/11.md index aa50816e46..4edd9ad8b9 100644 --- a/gen/43/11.md +++ b/gen/43/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ small, green tree nuts (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) # almonds tree nuts with a sweet flavor (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/12.md b/gen/43/12.md index b0143f28d4..69461921f9 100644 --- a/gen/43/12.md +++ b/gen/43/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "Take double the # The money that was returned in the opening of your sacks, carry again in your hand Here "hand" stands for the whole person. The phrase "that was returned" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "take back to Egypt the money someone put in your sacks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/13.md b/gen/43/13.md index 3f25ee268c..6af5d4844f 100644 --- a/gen/43/13.md +++ b/gen/43/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # go again "return" - diff --git a/gen/43/14.md b/gen/43/14.md index c08efc6e9c..e662ab95d0 100644 --- a/gen/43/14.md +++ b/gen/43/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "mercy" can be stated as the adjective "kind." Alternate trans # If I am bereaved of my children, I am bereaved "If I lose my children, then I lose my children." This means that Jacob knows he must accept whatever happens to his sons. - diff --git a/gen/43/15.md b/gen/43/15.md index 07721971ec..6637657b9f 100644 --- a/gen/43/15.md +++ b/gen/43/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "they took" (See # went down to Egypt It was common to use the phrase "went down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. - diff --git a/gen/43/16.md b/gen/43/16.md index b4d163a87d..74be10f416 100644 --- a/gen/43/16.md +++ b/gen/43/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the steward of his house The "steward" was responsible for managing Joseph's household activities. - diff --git a/gen/43/17.md b/gen/43/17.md index 0a63556b06..84ee16cad5 100644 --- a/gen/43/17.md +++ b/gen/43/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "brought" can be translated as "took." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]] # to Joseph's house "into Joseph's house" - diff --git a/gen/43/18.md b/gen/43/18.md index e07ce81289..1019b50d5b 100644 --- a/gen/43/18.md +++ b/gen/43/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The steward is bringi # that he may seek an opportunity against us. He might arrest us This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "He is waiting for the opportunity to accuse us, so that he might arrest us" - diff --git a/gen/43/19.md b/gen/43/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/43/19.md +++ b/gen/43/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/43/20.md b/gen/43/20.md index ea753b59aa..cb3e045720 100644 --- a/gen/43/20.md +++ b/gen/43/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we came down It is common to use the phrase "came down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. - diff --git a/gen/43/21.md b/gen/43/21.md index eb5b1ab79f..ed0289a82e 100644 --- a/gen/43/21.md +++ b/gen/43/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "behold" here shows that the brothers were surprised by what they saw. # We have brought it back in our hands Here "hands" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "We have brought the money back with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/22.md b/gen/43/22.md index a70940f4df..b76aeeacd8 100644 --- a/gen/43/22.md +++ b/gen/43/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "We have also br # brought down It common to use the word "down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. - diff --git a/gen/43/23.md b/gen/43/23.md index 111530d63c..755f9b54c4 100644 --- a/gen/43/23.md +++ b/gen/43/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "Peace" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Relax # Your God and the God of your father The stewards is not speaking about two different Gods. Alternate translation: "Your God, the God your father worships" - diff --git a/gen/43/24.md b/gen/43/24.md index e7a85f2b59..0eb1ba0c7a 100644 --- a/gen/43/24.md +++ b/gen/43/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This custom helped tired travelers to refresh themselves after walking long dist # feed to their donkeys "Feed" is dry food that is set aside for animals - diff --git a/gen/43/25.md b/gen/43/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/43/25.md +++ b/gen/43/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/43/26.md b/gen/43/26.md index bc782c903a..4436e629a9 100644 --- a/gen/43/26.md +++ b/gen/43/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: "the brothers b # bowed down before him This is a way of showing honor and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/27.md b/gen/43/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/43/27.md +++ b/gen/43/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/43/28.md b/gen/43/28.md index 76b778c579..abaa418233 100644 --- a/gen/43/28.md +++ b/gen/43/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They refer to their father as "Your servant" to show respect. Alternate translat # they bowed down and gave him honor They lay down in front of the man to show him respect. - diff --git a/gen/43/29.md b/gen/43/29.md index 737eb42610..55ce0798ad 100644 --- a/gen/43/29.md +++ b/gen/43/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Joseph is truly asking a question to confirm that this # my son This is a friendly way one man speaks to another man of lower rank. Alternate translation: "young man" - diff --git a/gen/43/30.md b/gen/43/30.md index b9288e3652..a38b149354 100644 --- a/gen/43/30.md +++ b/gen/43/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for he was deeply moved about his brother The phrase "deeply moved" refers to having a strong feeling or emotion when something important happens. Alternate translation: "for he had strong feelings of compassion for his brother" or "for he had strong feelings of affection for his brother" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/31.md b/gen/43/31.md index 7b0511b8d6..7b0768d0d5 100644 --- a/gen/43/31.md +++ b/gen/43/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be made explicit to whom Joseph is speaking. Alternate translation: "and # Serve the food This means to distribute the food so that people may eat. - diff --git a/gen/43/32.md b/gen/43/32.md index 4c7c72af2d..e8d3bec051 100644 --- a/gen/43/32.md +++ b/gen/43/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated as a new sentence: "They did this because the Egyptians t # could not eat bread Here "bread" stands for food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/43/33.md b/gen/43/33.md index 5bd36b5090..7322a7411b 100644 --- a/gen/43/33.md +++ b/gen/43/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "firstborn" and the "youngest" are used together to mean all the brothers we # The men were astonished together "The men were very surprised when they realized this" - diff --git a/gen/43/34.md b/gen/43/34.md index ae4bc14b9d..63d92fe78d 100644 --- a/gen/43/34.md +++ b/gen/43/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But Benjamin's portion was five times as much as any of his brothers The phrase "five times" can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: "But Benjamin received a portion that was much bigger than what his brothers received" - diff --git a/gen/43/index.md b/gen/43/index.md index 570f30efe1..86b8f77444 100644 --- a/gen/43/index.md +++ b/gen/43/index.md @@ -34,4 +34,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/josephot]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/judah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/simeon]] - diff --git a/gen/43/intro.md b/gen/43/intro.md index 56300e0c2a..935157c601 100644 --- a/gen/43/intro.md +++ b/gen/43/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Genesis 43 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel's concern -#### Israel's concern Israel is concerned over his favored son, Benjamin. He is also confused about the reason the Egyptian official treated them so kindly. This caused him some concern. It is possible he thought his sons were lying to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Israel is concerned over his favored son, Benjamin. He is also confused about th * __[Genesis 43:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../42/intro.md) | [>>](../44/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/44/01.md b/gen/44/01.md index b345f42dc7..5cd0e4e666 100644 --- a/gen/44/01.md +++ b/gen/44/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Their money was silver coins most likely in a small bag. # in his sack's opening "in his sack" - diff --git a/gen/44/02.md b/gen/44/02.md index d69b96ce08..8744493c7d 100644 --- a/gen/44/02.md +++ b/gen/44/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the sack's opening of the youngest The word "brother" is understood. Alternate translation: "in the youngest brother's sack" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/03.md b/gen/44/03.md index 4f74ec3eef..2a62283512 100644 --- a/gen/44/03.md +++ b/gen/44/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the men were sent away, they and their donkeys This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they sent the men away, along with their donkeys" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/04.md b/gen/44/04.md index 96b0225555..393eb2e8ab 100644 --- a/gen/44/04.md +++ b/gen/44/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why have you returned evil for good? This question is used to scold the brothers. Alternate translation: "You have treated us badly, after we were good to you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/05.md b/gen/44/05.md index f2e389df81..8af5b0e28a 100644 --- a/gen/44/05.md +++ b/gen/44/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to scold the brothers. Alternate translation: "You already # You have done evil, this thing that you have done This repeats "you have done" for emphasis. Alternate translation: "What you have done is very evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/06.md b/gen/44/06.md index c08681664e..4e3c4b561e 100644 --- a/gen/44/06.md +++ b/gen/44/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spoke these words to them "spoke what Joseph told him to say" - diff --git a/gen/44/07.md b/gen/44/07.md index 6539f0821c..7ddcb4d17e 100644 --- a/gen/44/07.md +++ b/gen/44/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The brothers refer to themselves as "your servants" and "they." This is a formal # Far be it from your servants Something that a person would never do is spoken of as if it were an object that person wants to put very far from himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/08.md b/gen/44/08.md index f90394dc19..1402f62284 100644 --- a/gen/44/08.md +++ b/gen/44/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The brothers use a question to emphasize that they would not steal from the lord # silver or gold These words are used together to mean that they would not steal anything of any value. - diff --git a/gen/44/09.md b/gen/44/09.md index f622071848..b68098761a 100644 --- a/gen/44/09.md +++ b/gen/44/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The brothers refer to themselves as "your servants." This is a formal way of spe # we also will be my master's slaves The phrase "my master" refers to the steward. This can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: "you may take us as your slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/10.md b/gen/44/10.md index 5c94d9d3e8..c930835566 100644 --- a/gen/44/10.md +++ b/gen/44/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He with whom the cup is found will be my slave This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If I find the cup in one of your sacks, that person will be my slave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/11.md b/gen/44/11.md index 356cf5b514..6841d3a544 100644 --- a/gen/44/11.md +++ b/gen/44/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brought his sack down "lowered his sack" - diff --git a/gen/44/12.md b/gen/44/12.md index db9ce6c710..1059154fec 100644 --- a/gen/44/12.md +++ b/gen/44/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "brother" is understood. Alternate translation: "the oldest brother ... # youngest, and the cup was found in Benjamin's sack This can be translated as a new sentence and in active form. Alternate translation: "youngest. The steward found the cup in Benjamin's sack" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/13.md b/gen/44/13.md index d03904d70f..10fd29cc01 100644 --- a/gen/44/13.md +++ b/gen/44/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the brothers. Tearing clothes was a sign of great dist # donkey and returned "donkey, and they returned" - diff --git a/gen/44/14.md b/gen/44/14.md index 35e37a04f6..df11260d4f 100644 --- a/gen/44/14.md +++ b/gen/44/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they bowed before him "they fell before him." This is a sign of the brothers wanting the lord to be merciful to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/15.md b/gen/44/15.md index e6d4b927f3..ab2fe17224 100644 --- a/gen/44/15.md +++ b/gen/44/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you not know that a man like me practices divination? Joseph uses a question to scold his brothers. Alternate translation: "Surely you know that a man like me can learn things by magic!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/16.md b/gen/44/16.md index 22cdd21781..37012d9e83 100644 --- a/gen/44/16.md +++ b/gen/44/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The brothers refer to themselves as "your servants." This is a formal way of spe # he also in whose hand the cup was found Here "hand" stands for the whole person. Also, "was found" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one who had your cup" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/17.md b/gen/44/17.md index 5bb4a1f513..0440d02050 100644 --- a/gen/44/17.md +++ b/gen/44/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Something that a person would never do is spoken of as if it were an object the # The man in whose hand the cup was found Here "hand" stands for the whole person. Also, "was found" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The man who had my cup" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/18.md b/gen/44/18.md index 61927cbece..b4e6e6301d 100644 --- a/gen/44/18.md +++ b/gen/44/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Being angry is spoke of as if it were a burning fire. Alternate translation: "pl # for you are just like Pharaoh Judah compares the master to Pharaoh to emphasize the great power that the master has. He is also implying that he does want the master to become angry and execute him. Alternate translation: "for you are as powerful as Pharaoh and could have your soldiers kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/19.md b/gen/44/19.md index 6ae7041851..9247f86efd 100644 --- a/gen/44/19.md +++ b/gen/44/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # My master asked his servants Judah refers to Joseph with the words "my master" and "his." He also refers to himself and his brothers as "his servants." Alternate translation: "You, my master, asked us, your servants" or "You asked us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/20.md b/gen/44/20.md index 11588283c2..285a080653 100644 --- a/gen/44/20.md +++ b/gen/44/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # his father loves him This refers to love for a friend or family member. - diff --git a/gen/44/21.md b/gen/44/21.md index b24047e429..dbfd01a1fd 100644 --- a/gen/44/21.md +++ b/gen/44/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Judah refers to himself and his brothers as "your servants." Alternate translati # Bring him down to me It was common to use the word "down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: "Bring him to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/22.md b/gen/44/22.md index da7fb8a883..e27b0cdf77 100644 --- a/gen/44/22.md +++ b/gen/44/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # his father would die It is implied that their father would die from sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/23.md b/gen/44/23.md index 36aff6ba00..7ab0981f1b 100644 --- a/gen/44/23.md +++ b/gen/44/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It was common to use the word "down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan to E # you will not see my face again Here "face" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "you will not see me again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/24.md b/gen/44/24.md index 09b517d7cf..2b2a308fa7 100644 --- a/gen/44/24.md +++ b/gen/44/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It was common to use the phrase "went up" when speaking of traveling from Egypt # we told him the words of my master Judah refers to Joseph as "my master." Alternate translation: "we told him what you said, my master" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/25.md b/gen/44/25.md index b1997d6846..f055d8649c 100644 --- a/gen/44/25.md +++ b/gen/44/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Our father said, 'Go again, buy us some food.' This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Our father told us to go again to Egypt to buy food for us and our families." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/26.md b/gen/44/26.md index f0d8494eef..7b5e19c6a2 100644 --- a/gen/44/26.md +++ b/gen/44/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # to see the man's face Here "face" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "to see the man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/27.md b/gen/44/27.md index 8126c4c973..e251afa17b 100644 --- a/gen/44/27.md +++ b/gen/44/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "us" does not include Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) # You know Here "You" is plural and refers to the brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/28.md b/gen/44/28.md index f49c32e1a9..df7d8ef246 100644 --- a/gen/44/28.md +++ b/gen/44/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The three-level quote that began in verse 27 continues. # he is torn in pieces This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a wild animal has torn him to pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/29.md b/gen/44/29.md index a06b0088b9..00f47809ae 100644 --- a/gen/44/29.md +++ b/gen/44/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ To "bring down ... to Sheol" is way of saying they will cause him to die and go # my gray hair This stands for Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Alternate translation: "me, an old man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/30.md b/gen/44/30.md index 8574b6d603..a2d9876734 100644 --- a/gen/44/30.md +++ b/gen/44/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Judah begins to describe what he expects will happen to Jacob if he returns to J # since his life is bound up in the boy's life The father saying he would die if his son died is spoken of as if their two lives were physically bound together. Alternate translation: "since he said he would die if the boy did not come back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/31.md b/gen/44/31.md index bb90337a35..ec92eb60ac 100644 --- a/gen/44/31.md +++ b/gen/44/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Judah refers to himself and his brothers as "your servants." This is a formal wa # the gray hair of your servant our father Here "gray hair" stands for Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Alternate translation: "our old father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/32.md b/gen/44/32.md index 7860728ed3..fa4ba1055d 100644 --- a/gen/44/32.md +++ b/gen/44/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Judah refers to himself as "your servant." Alternate translation: "For I, your s # then I will bear the guilt to my father Being considered guilty is spoken of as if "guilt" were something that a person carries. Alternate translation: "then my father may blame me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/33.md b/gen/44/33.md index bc0341b9c7..4bc7d7618f 100644 --- a/gen/44/33.md +++ b/gen/44/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Judah refers to Joseph as "my master." Alternate translation: "to you, my master # let the boy go up It was going to use the phrase "go up" when speaking about traveling from Egypt to Canaan. - diff --git a/gen/44/34.md b/gen/44/34.md index 3ee82e7ccd..3100fd9fdc 100644 --- a/gen/44/34.md +++ b/gen/44/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Judah uses a question to emphasize the grief he would have if Benjamin did not r # I am afraid to see the evil that would come on my father A person suffering terribly is spoken of as if "evil" were a thing that comes upon a person. Alternate translation: "I am afraid to see how much my father would suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/44/index.md b/gen/44/index.md index 988a3f8bda..d26ebd0b14 100644 --- a/gen/44/index.md +++ b/gen/44/index.md @@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/josephot]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/judah]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/pharaoh]] - diff --git a/gen/44/intro.md b/gen/44/intro.md index 9ce2e2fb6d..6113fdda31 100644 --- a/gen/44/intro.md +++ b/gen/44/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ # Genesis 44 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Judah's sacrifice -#### Judah's sacrifice Judah is willing to sacrifice himself in order to save Benjamin, the favored son of Jacob. Judah's descendants will become the leaders of the Israelites and the godliest of the twelve tribes of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Joseph's test +### Joseph's test Joseph tests his brothers to see if they are good. They treat their brother Benjamin better than they treated Joseph and tried to protect him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]]) @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Joseph tests his brothers to see if they are good. They treat their brother Benj * __[Genesis 44:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../43/intro.md) | [>>](../45/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/45/01.md b/gen/45/01.md index 95186450fb..038f62b5f5 100644 --- a/gen/45/01.md +++ b/gen/45/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means he could not control his emotions. It can be stated in positive form. # by him "near him" - diff --git a/gen/45/02.md b/gen/45/02.md index 6e3ae50dcb..a9c001f150 100644 --- a/gen/45/02.md +++ b/gen/45/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house of Pharaoh Here "house" stands for the people in the Pharaoh's palace. Alternate translation: "everyone in Pharaoh's palace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/03.md b/gen/45/03.md index acea673f35..d6ac79fb2b 100644 --- a/gen/45/03.md +++ b/gen/45/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # shocked in his presence "terrified of him" - diff --git a/gen/45/04.md b/gen/45/04.md index a08384a09f..383e306628 100644 --- a/gen/45/04.md +++ b/gen/45/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whom you sold into Egypt The meaning can be stated more explicitly. Alternate translation: "whom you sold as a slave to the trader who brought me to Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/05.md b/gen/45/05.md index f341d0afe6..518627a584 100644 --- a/gen/45/05.md +++ b/gen/45/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The meaning can be stated more explicitly. Alternate translation: "that you sold # to preserve life Here "life" stands for the people that Joseph saved from dying during the famine. Alternate translation: "so I could save many lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/06.md b/gen/45/06.md index 8848a90ee3..3bd3ed04ce 100644 --- a/gen/45/06.md +++ b/gen/45/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there are still five years in which there will be neither plowing nor harvest "there will be five more years without planting or harvesting." Here "neither plowing nor harvest" stands for the fact that the crops still will not grow because of the famine. Alternate translation: "and the famine will last five more years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/07.md b/gen/45/07.md index 47ba338831..6fc3ea0a10 100644 --- a/gen/45/07.md +++ b/gen/45/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to keep you alive by a great deliverance The abstract noun "deliverance" can be stated as "rescuing." Alternate translation: "to keep you alive by rescuing you in a mighty way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/08.md b/gen/45/08.md index c1ed9ed9e3..489be1bc66 100644 --- a/gen/45/08.md +++ b/gen/45/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "land" stands for the people. Alternate translation: "ruler over all the pe # ruler Here Joseph means that he is ruler in second place to Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. This understood information can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/09.md b/gen/45/09.md index 29f006c093..266d53363f 100644 --- a/gen/45/09.md +++ b/gen/45/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It was common to use the phrase "go up" when speaking about going from Egypt to # Come down to me It was common to use the phrase "come down" when speaking about going from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: "Come here to me" - diff --git a/gen/45/10.md b/gen/45/10.md index 77a087b1ca..309bbea15f 100644 --- a/gen/45/10.md +++ b/gen/45/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The three-level quotation that began in verse 9 continues here. - diff --git a/gen/45/11.md b/gen/45/11.md index 5c3aa0aabe..d44734730d 100644 --- a/gen/45/11.md +++ b/gen/45/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The three-level quotation that began with the words "say to him" in verse 9 ends # come to poverty This speaks about "poverty" as if it were a destination. Alternate translation: "waste away" or "starve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/12.md b/gen/45/12.md index c8b8339a59..d30f2e7ac9 100644 --- a/gen/45/12.md +++ b/gen/45/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "eyes" stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: "All of you # that it is my mouth that speaks to you The word "mouth" stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: "that I, Joseph, am speaking to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/13.md b/gen/45/13.md index a7a7f32428..f0d7eb730f 100644 --- a/gen/45/13.md +++ b/gen/45/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my father down here It was common to use the word "down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: "my father here to me" - diff --git a/gen/45/14.md b/gen/45/14.md index 7e19c82f67..6299ce2762 100644 --- a/gen/45/14.md +++ b/gen/45/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He hugged his brother Benjamin's neck and wept, and Benjamin wept on his neck "Joseph hugged his brother Benjamin, and they both wept" - diff --git a/gen/45/15.md b/gen/45/15.md index 82caa75f6e..aaed4f06e9 100644 --- a/gen/45/15.md +++ b/gen/45/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means Joseph was crying while he kissed them. # After that his brothers talked with him Earlier they were too afraid to speak. Now they feel they can speak freely. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "After that his brothers talked freely with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/16.md b/gen/45/16.md index 2322839f3f..40d1f2f6c8 100644 --- a/gen/45/16.md +++ b/gen/45/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # Pharaoh's house This stands for Pharaoh's palace. - diff --git a/gen/45/17.md b/gen/45/17.md index 1200cb4813..1e273c1e82 100644 --- a/gen/45/17.md +++ b/gen/45/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. - diff --git a/gen/45/18.md b/gen/45/18.md index c8c0b0ea27..f0044feb38 100644 --- a/gen/45/18.md +++ b/gen/45/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The two-level quotation that began in verse 17 ends here. This is a quotation wi # you will eat the fat of the land The best food that a land produces is spoken of as if it were the fat portion of the land. Alternate translation: "you will eat the best food in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/19.md b/gen/45/19.md index 8e1955e74b..6b847aff02 100644 --- a/gen/45/19.md +++ b/gen/45/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. You may also need to add the words "to tell t # take carts out "Carts" are wagons with two or four wheels. Animals pull the carts. - diff --git a/gen/45/20.md b/gen/45/20.md index e89c27cdd1..c49e9d0815 100644 --- a/gen/45/20.md +++ b/gen/45/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The two-level quote that began in verse 19 ends here. # Do not be concerned about your possessions, for the good of all the land of Egypt is yours.' The two-level quote that began in verse 19 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. "Now you are commanded to tell them to take carts out of the land of Egypt for their children and for their wives, to get their father, and to come. They are not to be concerned about their possessions, for the good of all the land of Egypt will be theirs." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/21.md b/gen/45/21.md index 05dff16488..6fcb4f14e9 100644 --- a/gen/45/21.md +++ b/gen/45/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gave them provisions for the journey "gave them what they needed for traveling" - diff --git a/gen/45/22.md b/gen/45/22.md index d08da92380..c24cc08795 100644 --- a/gen/45/22.md +++ b/gen/45/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Each man received a set of clothes except for Benjamin who received 5 sets of cl # three hundred pieces "300 pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/23.md b/gen/45/23.md index da3935f14a..7116ab21fb 100644 --- a/gen/45/23.md +++ b/gen/45/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ten donkeys ... and ten female donkeys The donkeys were included as part of the gift. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/24.md b/gen/45/24.md index ec7d37f567..c203c6bb50 100644 --- a/gen/45/24.md +++ b/gen/45/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not quarrel Possible meanings include 1) "do not argue" and 2) "do not become afraid" - diff --git a/gen/45/25.md b/gen/45/25.md index 8f86fe166a..ccccfd0a51 100644 --- a/gen/45/25.md +++ b/gen/45/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went up out of Egypt It was common to use the word "up" when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. - diff --git a/gen/45/26.md b/gen/45/26.md index 4225fdbb36..ef403b8bb9 100644 --- a/gen/45/26.md +++ b/gen/45/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "and he was ast # he could not believe what they told him "he did not accept that what they said was true" - diff --git a/gen/45/27.md b/gen/45/27.md index 7550be9faa..eae0392860 100644 --- a/gen/45/27.md +++ b/gen/45/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the spirit of Jacob their father revived The word "spirit" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "Jacob their father recovered" or "Jacob their father became very excited" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/45/28.md b/gen/45/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/45/28.md +++ b/gen/45/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/45/index.md b/gen/45/index.md index f780d4ca24..6b2db573e8 100644 --- a/gen/45/index.md +++ b/gen/45/index.md @@ -32,4 +32,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/jacob]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/josephot]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/pharaoh]] - diff --git a/gen/45/intro.md b/gen/45/intro.md index a950c4480f..e02d8d5d16 100644 --- a/gen/45/intro.md +++ b/gen/45/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Genesis 45 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Joseph finally reveals himself to his brothers in this chapter. This chapter forms the conclusion of the story which began in chapter 43. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's power -#### God's power The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) -#### Joseph's character +### Joseph's character + Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph's ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph's character in this chapter is upright. It gained him great favor in the eyes of Pharaoh and helped to save his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph's ancestors and brothers str * __[Genesis 45:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../44/intro.md) | [>>](../46/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/46/01.md b/gen/46/01.md index 0c5de8fc31..08aa138e52 100644 --- a/gen/46/01.md +++ b/gen/46/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went to Beersheba "came to Beersheba" - diff --git a/gen/46/02.md b/gen/46/02.md index b3ed366e00..0cea06d206 100644 --- a/gen/46/02.md +++ b/gen/46/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Here I am "Yes, I am listening" - diff --git a/gen/46/03.md b/gen/46/03.md index 2d378e8b33..dc906cfbdc 100644 --- a/gen/46/03.md +++ b/gen/46/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It was common to use the phrase "go down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan # I will make you a great nation The "you" is singular and refers to Jacob. Here Jacob refers to his descendants that will become a large nation. Alternate translation: "I will give you many descendants, and they will become a great nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/04.md b/gen/46/04.md index c74c8817c2..380ddc2d3c 100644 --- a/gen/46/04.md +++ b/gen/46/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "close you eyes with his own hand" is a way of saying that Joseph wil # will close your eyes It was a custom to pull down the eyelids when a person died with their eyes open. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/05.md b/gen/46/05.md index 98f3a59b9b..d08ab730ed 100644 --- a/gen/46/05.md +++ b/gen/46/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the carts "Carts" are wagons with two or four wheels. Animals pull the carts. See how you translated "carts" in [Genesis 45:19](../45/19.md). - diff --git a/gen/46/06.md b/gen/46/06.md index 9c2ebd0612..dc502b5479 100644 --- a/gen/46/06.md +++ b/gen/46/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they had accumulated "they had acquired" or "they had gained" - diff --git a/gen/46/07.md b/gen/46/07.md index 0fbe462aa1..60127822a4 100644 --- a/gen/46/07.md +++ b/gen/46/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # his sons' daughters "his granddaughters" - diff --git a/gen/46/08.md b/gen/46/08.md index 0087055e99..c99d5ca84d 100644 --- a/gen/46/08.md +++ b/gen/46/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These are the names This refers to the names of the people that the author is about to list. - diff --git a/gen/46/09.md b/gen/46/09.md index 6ac935ee26..3a30201182 100644 --- a/gen/46/09.md +++ b/gen/46/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hanok, Pallu, Hezron, and Karmi These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/10.md b/gen/46/10.md index ba02889ee8..64cd15c5ed 100644 --- a/gen/46/10.md +++ b/gen/46/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar, and Shaul These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/11.md b/gen/46/11.md index 89a8f5f8b1..b75c5cf217 100644 --- a/gen/46/11.md +++ b/gen/46/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gershon, Kohath, and Merari These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/12.md b/gen/46/12.md index fb795be358..0375781628 100644 --- a/gen/46/12.md +++ b/gen/46/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were the sons of Judah by his daughter-in-law, Tamar. See how you translat # Hezron ... Hamul These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/13.md b/gen/46/13.md index 3eb541b4c9..70ba9994e3 100644 --- a/gen/46/13.md +++ b/gen/46/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tola, Puah, Jashub ... Shimron -These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]). "Jashub" is spelled as "Lob" or "Iob" in some verions. - +These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]). "Jashub" is spelled as "Lob" or "Iob" in some verions. diff --git a/gen/46/14.md b/gen/46/14.md index 6763a39e3c..88e40be603 100644 --- a/gen/46/14.md +++ b/gen/46/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sered, Elon ... Jahleel These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/15.md b/gen/46/15.md index 3f3ed06374..1233fa73ad 100644 --- a/gen/46/15.md +++ b/gen/46/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of Leah's daughter. See how you translated this name in [Genesi # His sons and his daughters numbered thirty-three Here "sons" and "daughters" refer to Jacob's sons, daughters, and grandchildren related to Leah. Alternate translation: "Altogether he had 33 sons, daughters, and grandchildren" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/16.md b/gen/46/16.md index 5df91e9413..28e7c8848d 100644 --- a/gen/46/16.md +++ b/gen/46/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zephon, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi ... Areli These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/17.md b/gen/46/17.md index 0b8316508b..b9be53ae68 100644 --- a/gen/46/17.md +++ b/gen/46/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Serah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/18.md b/gen/46/18.md index 7a24d7640b..6f89b74797 100644 --- a/gen/46/18.md +++ b/gen/46/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of Leah's female servant. See how you translated this name in [ # These sons she bore to Jacob—sixteen in all This refers to 16 children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren that were related to Zilpah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/19.md b/gen/46/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/46/19.md +++ b/gen/46/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/46/20.md b/gen/46/20.md index 42619e865e..08bc358193 100644 --- a/gen/46/20.md +++ b/gen/46/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a man's name. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: # priest of On On is a city, also called Heliopolis, which was "the City of the Sun" and the center of worship of the sun god Ra. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/21.md b/gen/46/21.md index 53883b1a0b..28b89bae1c 100644 --- a/gen/46/21.md +++ b/gen/46/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bela, Beker, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim, and Ard These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/22.md b/gen/46/22.md index 6ebca626de..d478ccd1f6 100644 --- a/gen/46/22.md +++ b/gen/46/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fourteen in all This refers to the 14 sons and grandsons related to Rachel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/23.md b/gen/46/23.md index 1672659c2f..b779458b69 100644 --- a/gen/46/23.md +++ b/gen/46/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hushim This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/24.md b/gen/46/24.md index be6cd9586e..3d691a405a 100644 --- a/gen/46/24.md +++ b/gen/46/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jahziel, Guni, Jezer ... Shillem These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/25.md b/gen/46/25.md index b60584091d..1074abb811 100644 --- a/gen/46/25.md +++ b/gen/46/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of Rachel's female servant. See how you translated this name in # seven in all This refers to the 7 children and grandchildren related to Bilhah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/26.md b/gen/46/26.md index 06f5e48811..765c58cd93 100644 --- a/gen/46/26.md +++ b/gen/46/26.md @@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ A person's "direct descendants" are natural sons, daughters, and grandchildren, not those who have become part of the family by marrying a direct descendant. - # sixty-six "66" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/27.md b/gen/46/27.md index 369846db6f..d2b8050763 100644 --- a/gen/46/27.md +++ b/gen/46/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seventy "70" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/28.md b/gen/46/28.md index 9a265eace9..8ae06bb155 100644 --- a/gen/46/28.md +++ b/gen/46/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to show the way before him to Goshen "to show them the way to Goshen" - diff --git a/gen/46/29.md b/gen/46/29.md index da1e017dc7..577175bc7b 100644 --- a/gen/46/29.md +++ b/gen/46/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "went up" is used because Joseph is traveling to a higher elevation t # hugged his neck, and wept on his neck a long time "put his arms around his father, and wept for a long time" - diff --git a/gen/46/30.md b/gen/46/30.md index a3eccd6173..45c589dbd9 100644 --- a/gen/46/30.md +++ b/gen/46/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # since I have seen your face, that you are still alive Here "face" stands for the entire person. Jacob was expressing joy at seeing Joseph. Alternate translation: "since I have seen you alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/31.md b/gen/46/31.md index 7cd44a6cb3..424fe587d3 100644 --- a/gen/46/31.md +++ b/gen/46/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" stands for his family. Alternate translation: "his father's family" # I will go up and tell Pharaoh It was common to use the phrase "go up" when referring to someone going to speak with someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: "I will go tell Pharaoh" - diff --git a/gen/46/32.md b/gen/46/32.md index 2db8e7f0bc..dbb7293ebe 100644 --- a/gen/46/32.md +++ b/gen/46/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The two-level quotation that began in verse 31 ends here. # The men are shepherds ... all that they have The two-level quotation that began with the words "I will go up" in verse 31 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "I will go up and tell Pharaoh and say that my brothers and my father's house, who were in the land of Canaan, have come to me. I will tell him that the men are shepherds, for they have been keepers of livestock, and that they have brought their flocks, their herds, and all that they have." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/33.md b/gen/46/33.md index 1cf7b005d5..dd1828cc64 100644 --- a/gen/46/33.md +++ b/gen/46/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. # It will come about This phrase is used here to mark an important event that is about to happen in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/gen/46/34.md b/gen/46/34.md index 2ea49b1da7..2d36d47fcc 100644 --- a/gen/46/34.md +++ b/gen/46/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Joseph's family are to refer to themselves as "your servants" when they speak to # every shepherd is an abomination to the Egyptians The abstract noun "abomination" can be translated with the adjective "disgusting." Alternate translation: "Egyptians think shepherds are disgusting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/gen/46/index.md b/gen/46/index.md index 813af150bc..fd46409b95 100644 --- a/gen/46/index.md +++ b/gen/46/index.md @@ -44,4 +44,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/reuben]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/simeon]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/zebulun]] - diff --git a/gen/46/intro.md b/gen/46/intro.md index 0791de843d..194050c241 100644 --- a/gen/46/intro.md +++ b/gen/46/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Genesis 46 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Going to Egypt -#### Going to Egypt Yahweh allowed Israel to go to Egypt. He was to trust in Yahweh and his covenant faithfulness. God continued to bless them in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) -#### Shepherds +### Shepherds Because of the regular flooding of the Nile River, Egypt's economy revolved around farming more than raising animals. Therefore, the Egyptians despised the nomadic lifestyle of shepherds. Joseph's instructions permitted the Hebrew people to live separately from the Egyptians. @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Because of the regular flooding of the Nile River, Egypt's economy revolved arou * __[Genesis 46:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../45/intro.md) | [>>](../47/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/47/01.md b/gen/47/01.md index 1a981df1e4..b0b514bd93 100644 --- a/gen/47/01.md +++ b/gen/47/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joseph went in and told Pharaoh It is not clear whether Joseph went with his father and family from Canaan to Goshen and then alone from Goshen to see the Pharaoh, back to Goshen for his five brothers, and then back to Pharaoh, as the ULB implies, or whether he brought the five brothers with him the first time he went from Goshen to Pharaoh, as the UDB states. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-events]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/02.md b/gen/47/02.md index 62347cfee5..89ef538011 100644 --- a/gen/47/02.md +++ b/gen/47/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He took five of his brothers and introduced them It is not clear whether Joseph went with his father and family from Canaan to Goshen and then alone from Goshen to see the Pharaoh, back to Goshen for his five brothers, and then back to Pharaoh, as the ULB implies, or whether he brought the five brothers with him the first time he went from Goshen to Pharaoh, as the UDB states. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-events]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/03.md b/gen/47/03.md index bf4ac76120..cf1fc7290e 100644 --- a/gen/47/03.md +++ b/gen/47/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joseph's brothers refer to themselves as "your servants." This is a formal way o # as our ancestors "both we and our forefathers" or "both we and our ancestors" - diff --git a/gen/47/04.md b/gen/47/04.md index b44337d089..d835b7dafb 100644 --- a/gen/47/04.md +++ b/gen/47/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # now This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. - diff --git a/gen/47/05.md b/gen/47/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/47/05.md +++ b/gen/47/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/47/06.md b/gen/47/06.md index e9015aea55..1882e4e664 100644 --- a/gen/47/06.md +++ b/gen/47/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # If you know any capable men among them It is implied that they are capable of taking care of animals. Alternate translation: "If you know of any men among them who have great skill taking care of animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/07.md b/gen/47/07.md index a0a6f3962b..d9c6360c2f 100644 --- a/gen/47/07.md +++ b/gen/47/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob blessed Pharaoh Here "blessed" means to express a desire for positive and beneficial things to happen to that person. - diff --git a/gen/47/08.md b/gen/47/08.md index 71cf397869..03fe928abc 100644 --- a/gen/47/08.md +++ b/gen/47/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How long have you lived? "How old are you?" - diff --git a/gen/47/09.md b/gen/47/09.md index 4064ff8dfd..b8ad8ee584 100644 --- a/gen/47/09.md +++ b/gen/47/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jacob means his life is short compared to the lives of Abraham and Isaac. # painful Jacob has experienced much pain and trouble during his life. - diff --git a/gen/47/10.md b/gen/47/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/47/10.md +++ b/gen/47/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/47/11.md b/gen/47/11.md index bab21e23be..2d6256e682 100644 --- a/gen/47/11.md +++ b/gen/47/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the land of Rameses This is another name for the land of Goshen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/12.md b/gen/47/12.md index afead6c35a..1f33b7e6ce 100644 --- a/gen/47/12.md +++ b/gen/47/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # according to the number of their little ones Here, the word "little ones" means the small children in the family. Alternate translation: "according to how many small children were in their families" - diff --git a/gen/47/13.md b/gen/47/13.md index 293111f9d3..b4cb7af894 100644 --- a/gen/47/13.md +++ b/gen/47/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people living in these lands. Alternate translation: "The peo # wasted away "became thin and weak" - diff --git a/gen/47/14.md b/gen/47/14.md index 2c2add31f7..aa164e155b 100644 --- a/gen/47/14.md +++ b/gen/47/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Joseph gathered ... Joseph brought Most likely Joseph ordered his servants to gather and bring the money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/15.md b/gen/47/15.md index 85d37267d9..ad677cd157 100644 --- a/gen/47/15.md +++ b/gen/47/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "lands" stands for the people who live in the lands. This can be stated in # Why should we die in your presence because our money is gone? The people used a question to emphasize how desperate they are to buy food. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Please, do not let us die because we have used up all of our money!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/16.md b/gen/47/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/47/16.md +++ b/gen/47/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/47/17.md b/gen/47/17.md index e640d35cd7..7fdfc68bec 100644 --- a/gen/47/17.md +++ b/gen/47/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He fed them with bread Here "bread" stands for food in general. Alternate translation: "He gave them food" or "He provided them with food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/18.md b/gen/47/18.md index c1352e82ee..cb52b1c2de 100644 --- a/gen/47/18.md +++ b/gen/47/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that the speakers' bodies and land were the only # There is nothing left in the sight of my master Here "sight" stands for Joseph himself. Alternate translation: "We have nothing left to give you, our master" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/19.md b/gen/47/19.md index 1d82078dfc..41492228fb 100644 --- a/gen/47/19.md +++ b/gen/47/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "eyes" refers to Joseph's sight. The people use a question to emphasize # Why should we die ... both we and our land The land becomes useless and ruined because there is no seed to plant; thus it is spoken of as if the land would die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/20.md b/gen/47/20.md index 81b2016feb..6d6db5de3e 100644 --- a/gen/47/20.md +++ b/gen/47/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In this way, the land became Pharaoh's "So the land became Pharaoh's" - diff --git a/gen/47/21.md b/gen/47/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/47/21.md +++ b/gen/47/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/47/22.md b/gen/47/22.md index c979fca114..81261ab134 100644 --- a/gen/47/22.md +++ b/gen/47/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ An "allowance" is an amount of money or food that someone regularly gives to ano # They ate from the allotment which Pharaoh gave them "They ate from what Pharaoh gave them" - diff --git a/gen/47/23.md b/gen/47/23.md index 3bf025535b..153ea9d0d1 100644 --- a/gen/47/23.md +++ b/gen/47/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and you will plant "that you might sow" - diff --git a/gen/47/24.md b/gen/47/24.md index d6b846e947..d0118cce57 100644 --- a/gen/47/24.md +++ b/gen/47/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "fifth" is a fraction. Alternate translation: "At harvest time you will # for food for your households and your little ones You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: "for food for your households and for food for your little ones" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/25.md b/gen/47/25.md index 843742b805..6c56b47c15 100644 --- a/gen/47/25.md +++ b/gen/47/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May we find favor in your eyes The phrase "find favor" is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "May you be pleased with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/26.md b/gen/47/26.md index 348f05fa5d..af2bda7371 100644 --- a/gen/47/26.md +++ b/gen/47/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to the time that the author was writing this. # one-fifth See how you translated "a fifth" in [Genesis 47:24](../47/24.md). - diff --git a/gen/47/27.md b/gen/47/27.md index 69bd6970be..75b0dcf73d 100644 --- a/gen/47/27.md +++ b/gen/47/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "multiplied" explains how they were "fruitful." Alternate translation: # were fruitful Here "fruitful" means to prosper or to have children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/28.md b/gen/47/28.md index a42ca0d5a9..6a2f33a625 100644 --- a/gen/47/28.md +++ b/gen/47/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so the years of Jacob's life were one hundred forty-seven years "so Jacob lived to be 147 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/29.md b/gen/47/29.md index 82dfc566d3..62dbdd2568 100644 --- a/gen/47/29.md +++ b/gen/47/29.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The abstract nouns "faithfulness" and "trustworthiness" can be translated as adj # Please do not bury me in Egypt The word "please" adds emphasis to this request. - diff --git a/gen/47/30.md b/gen/47/30.md index d424c20b7f..c7f1631131 100644 --- a/gen/47/30.md +++ b/gen/47/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When I lie down with my fathers This is a polite way of saying that he will die. Alternate translation: "When I die and join my family members who died before me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/47/31.md b/gen/47/31.md index aa82391663..7626bb5858 100644 --- a/gen/47/31.md +++ b/gen/47/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # swore to him "promised him" or "made an oath to him" - diff --git a/gen/47/index.md b/gen/47/index.md index b0d5ebae99..609e47e057 100644 --- a/gen/47/index.md +++ b/gen/47/index.md @@ -36,4 +36,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/jacob]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/josephot]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/pharaoh]] - diff --git a/gen/47/intro.md b/gen/47/intro.md index 1d5e673b84..4f8739fd33 100644 --- a/gen/47/intro.md +++ b/gen/47/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Genesis 47 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Abrahamic covenant -#### Abrahamic covenant Part of the Abrahamic covenant was that Yahweh would bless those who bless Abraham's descendants. Since Pharaoh cared for the Hebrew people, Yahweh blessed the Egyptians while the Hebrew people lived in Egypt. The Hebrew people also multiplied greatly as this covenant promised. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -#### Jacob was not buried in Egypt +### Jacob was not buried in Egypt + In the ancient Near east, a person was typically buried in their hometown. Since Egypt was not the Israelites' home, Jacob did not wish to be buried in Egypt. This was a lesson to the Israelites that Canaan was their true home, the promised land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ In the ancient Near east, a person was typically buried in their hometown. Since * __[Genesis 47:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../46/intro.md) | [>>](../48/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/48/01.md b/gen/48/01.md index 29ca3726d1..470ba3fdc9 100644 --- a/gen/48/01.md +++ b/gen/48/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: # So he took "So Joseph took" - diff --git a/gen/48/02.md b/gen/48/02.md index 032a2e68f3..2286bc944d 100644 --- a/gen/48/02.md +++ b/gen/48/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When someone told Jac # Israel gathered strength and sat up in bed Here the author speaks of Israel struggling to to sit up in bed as if he were gathering "strength" as someone gathers actual things. Alternate translation: "Israel made a great effort to sit up in bed" or "Israel struggled as he sat up in bed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/03.md b/gen/48/03.md index 2462880f3f..28a288d344 100644 --- a/gen/48/03.md +++ b/gen/48/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated with the new sentence starting in a different place. Alte # blessed This refers to God pronouncing a formal blessing on someone. - diff --git a/gen/48/04.md b/gen/48/04.md index 2d110e3ef2..01ee016439 100644 --- a/gen/48/04.md +++ b/gen/48/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "you" refers to Jacob, but it stands for Jacob's descendants. Alternate tra # an everlasting possession "a permanent possession" - diff --git a/gen/48/05.md b/gen/48/05.md index b596c8afd0..1060f79e0c 100644 --- a/gen/48/05.md +++ b/gen/48/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the import # Ephraim and Manasseh will be mine Ephraim and Manasseh each will receive a portion of land just like Joseph's brothers. - diff --git a/gen/48/06.md b/gen/48/06.md index 00f9c7f8f8..0c097efad6 100644 --- a/gen/48/06.md +++ b/gen/48/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will be listed under the names of their brothers in their inheritance Possible meanings are 1)the rest of Joseph's children would inherit land as part of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh or 2) Joseph will be given separate land from Ephraim and Manasseh and Joseph's other children will inherit that land. Alternate translation: "as for their inheritance, you will list them under the names of their brothers" - diff --git a/gen/48/07.md b/gen/48/07.md index 3be04c4c5d..fb01e18d45 100644 --- a/gen/48/07.md +++ b/gen/48/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ephrath This is another name for the town of Bethlehem. See how you translated the name of this city in [Genesis 35:16](../35/16.md). - diff --git a/gen/48/08.md b/gen/48/08.md index eb1f2b5cff..19dccd6b10 100644 --- a/gen/48/08.md +++ b/gen/48/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whose are these? "Whose sons are these?" - diff --git a/gen/48/09.md b/gen/48/09.md index 2ccf99e77f..44c5fe5c52 100644 --- a/gen/48/09.md +++ b/gen/48/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bless A father would often pronounce a formal blessing on his children or grandchildren. - diff --git a/gen/48/10.md b/gen/48/10.md index 7a6204b89e..f5b8ca33d5 100644 --- a/gen/48/10.md +++ b/gen/48/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Now" is used here to mark a change from the story to background inform # he kissed them "Israel kissed them" - diff --git a/gen/48/11.md b/gen/48/11.md index 869a52547f..bcaf9a912e 100644 --- a/gen/48/11.md +++ b/gen/48/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to see your face again Here "face" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "to see you again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/12.md b/gen/48/12.md index cb03638f1a..57e3b5e098 100644 --- a/gen/48/12.md +++ b/gen/48/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When Joseph placed his sons on Israel's lap or knees it was a sign that Israel w # then he bowed with his face to the earth Joseph bowed down to show honor to his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/13.md b/gen/48/13.md index d26bf4fccb..71162dce68 100644 --- a/gen/48/13.md +++ b/gen/48/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel's right hand Joseph places the boys so that Israel will put his right hand on Manasseh. Manasseh was the oldest brother and the right hand was the sign he would receive the greater blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/14.md b/gen/48/14.md index 7f2d5e5011..293eaadb5f 100644 --- a/gen/48/14.md +++ b/gen/48/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his right hand and laid it upon Ephraim's head Placing the right hand on Ephraim's head was the sign that he would receive the greater blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/15.md b/gen/48/15.md index 4071ff2e5e..5f510e05c1 100644 --- a/gen/48/15.md +++ b/gen/48/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Serving God is spoken of as if it were walking before God. Alternate translation # who has cared for me God has taken care of Israel like a shepherd takes care of his sheep. Alternate translation: "who has cared for me like a shepherd cares for his animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/16.md b/gen/48/16.md index c51d270531..27f88a1fe8 100644 --- a/gen/48/16.md +++ b/gen/48/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "name" stands for the person. The phrase "my name be named in them" is an i # May they grow into a multitude on the earth Here "they" refers to Ephraim and Manasseh, but it stands for their descendants. Alternate translation: "May they have many descendants who will live all over the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/17.md b/gen/48/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/48/17.md +++ b/gen/48/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/48/18.md b/gen/48/18.md index 0ae20876a4..508708e493 100644 --- a/gen/48/18.md +++ b/gen/48/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Put your right hand upon his head The right hand was the sign of the greater blessing which the oldest son was supposed to receive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/19.md b/gen/48/19.md index 33c8f819a4..2048e97057 100644 --- a/gen/48/19.md +++ b/gen/48/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He also will become a people, and he also will be great Here "He" refers to Manasseh, but it stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: "Your older son will have many descendants, and they will become a great people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/20.md b/gen/48/20.md index 285d878d3e..3267444691 100644 --- a/gen/48/20.md +++ b/gen/48/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Israel saying Ephraim's name first is another way he indicates that Ephraim will # Israel put Ephraim before Manasseh Giving Ephraim the greater blessing and making him more important than Manasseh is spoken of as if Israel physically put Ephraim in front of Manasseh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/21.md b/gen/48/21.md index 64978ecf9e..74611bd5d5 100644 --- a/gen/48/21.md +++ b/gen/48/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "bring" can be translated as "take." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) # land of your fathers "land of your ancestors" - diff --git a/gen/48/22.md b/gen/48/22.md index a691451e4c..18dd2102db 100644 --- a/gen/48/22.md +++ b/gen/48/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" is singular and refers to Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you # the mountain slope that I took from the Amorites with my sword and my bow Here "sword" and "bow" stands for fighting in battle. Alternate translation: "the portion of land I fought for and took from the Amorites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/48/index.md b/gen/48/index.md index 0611ac5f21..a598b4550d 100644 --- a/gen/48/index.md +++ b/gen/48/index.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/rachel]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/reuben]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/simeon]] - diff --git a/gen/48/intro.md b/gen/48/intro.md index aa1f3d93f6..d78c67dbbd 100644 --- a/gen/48/intro.md +++ b/gen/48/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Genesis 48 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 48:15-16, and in 48:20. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Blessing -#### Blessing The blessing of Jacob is given to Joseph, and his sons Manasseh and Ephraim. It is probably distinct from inheriting the promises Yahweh gave to Abraham because Scripture talks about all of Israel's descendants inheriting those promises. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The blessing of Jacob is given to Joseph, and his sons Manasseh and Ephraim. It * __[Genesis 48:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../47/intro.md) | [>>](../49/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/49/01.md b/gen/49/01.md index 39e357da6d..5b2e27d26f 100644 --- a/gen/49/01.md +++ b/gen/49/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This begins Jacob's final blessings to his sons. This continues through Genesis 49:27. Jacob's blessings are written in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/02.md b/gen/49/02.md index 0ca14d75d4..704e69cd8e 100644 --- a/gen/49/02.md +++ b/gen/49/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both sentences say the same thing for emphasis. Alternate translation: "Come and # you sons of Jacob. Listen to Israel, your father Jacob is referring to himself in the third person. It can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: "my sons. Listen to me, your father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/03.md b/gen/49/03.md index 577579c2e4..b62d10c51a 100644 --- a/gen/49/03.md +++ b/gen/49/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrases "my firstborn, my might" and "the beginning of my strength" mean the # outstanding in dignity, and outstanding in power This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "You are first in honor and power" or "You surpass everyone else in honor and power" - diff --git a/gen/49/04.md b/gen/49/04.md index 48fcd3aac4..982233dd88 100644 --- a/gen/49/04.md +++ b/gen/49/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "bed" and "couch" stand for Jacob's concubine, Bilhah. Jacob is referring t # you went up to your father's bed ... you went up to my couch Both statements mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/05.md b/gen/49/05.md index 48d5aee365..8f305169a7 100644 --- a/gen/49/05.md +++ b/gen/49/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not just mean they are brothers by birth. Jacob is emphasizing that th # Weapons of violence are their swords "They use their swords to hurt and to kill people" - diff --git a/gen/49/06.md b/gen/49/06.md index acfce97443..0c3976f158 100644 --- a/gen/49/06.md +++ b/gen/49/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Simeon and Levi crippling oxen just for fun. # hamstrung This refers to cutting the sinews of an animal's leg so that it cannot walk. - diff --git a/gen/49/07.md b/gen/49/07.md index b917121ab0..cf6949cd53 100644 --- a/gen/49/07.md +++ b/gen/49/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "I will curse" are understood. Alternate translation: "I will curse th # I will divide them in Jacob and scatter them in Israel The word "I" refers to God. The word "them" refers to Simeon and Levi but they are a metonym standing for their descendants. The words "Jacob" and "Israel" are a metonym standing for all people of Israel. Alternate translation: "I will divide their descendants and scatter them among all the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/08.md b/gen/49/08.md index ca1b4ea741..62c56ebede 100644 --- a/gen/49/08.md +++ b/gen/49/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a way of saying "You will conquer your enemies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # bow down This means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/09.md b/gen/49/09.md index dce0209d05..49c399faec 100644 --- a/gen/49/09.md +++ b/gen/49/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jacob also compares Judah to a female lion. The lioness is the primary hunter an # Who would dare to awaken him? Jacob uses a question to emphasize how terrifying Judah is to other people. Alternate translation: "No one wants to wake him up." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/10.md b/gen/49/10.md index fb91b8eeea..07021509a7 100644 --- a/gen/49/10.md +++ b/gen/49/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Shiloh" means "tribute." Alternate translation: "until # The nations will obey him Here "nations" refer to the people. Alternate translation: "The people of the nations will obey him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/11.md b/gen/49/11.md index 0a35f2affa..7b36085e68 100644 --- a/gen/49/11.md +++ b/gen/49/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Often in prophecy events that will happen in the future are described as somethi # the blood of grapes This speaks about the grape juice as if it were blood. This emphasizes how red the juice is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/12.md b/gen/49/12.md index 4e9e9d9fb7..e56151de90 100644 --- a/gen/49/12.md +++ b/gen/49/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the color of a person's eyes to the red color of wine. Possible m # his teeth as white as milk This compare the color of the person's teeth to the white color of milk. This implies that there will be so many healthy cows they will have much milk to drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/13.md b/gen/49/13.md index c280ed0487..782e0a102f 100644 --- a/gen/49/13.md +++ b/gen/49/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "He" stands for sea towns that the people of Zebulun will inhabit or build. # harbor a part of the sea that is next to land and is a safe place for ships - diff --git a/gen/49/14.md b/gen/49/14.md index 459682cf58..5368560b7c 100644 --- a/gen/49/14.md +++ b/gen/49/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Often in prophecy events that will happen in the future are described as somethi # lying down between the sheepfolds Possible meanings are 1) "lying down between the packs they were carrying" or 2) "lying down between two sheep pens." Either way, Jacob speaks about Issachar's descendants as if they are donkeys that have worked hard and are lying down to rest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/15.md b/gen/49/15.md index 26ee0b28d4..d947c58747 100644 --- a/gen/49/15.md +++ b/gen/49/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "bend his shoulder to the burden" is a way of saying "work very hard # become a servant for forced labor "will work for others as slaves" - diff --git a/gen/49/16.md b/gen/49/16.md index 2a3dd7f5d5..7ced51bb76 100644 --- a/gen/49/16.md +++ b/gen/49/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Dan" stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: "The descendants o # his people Possible meanings for "his people" are 1) "the people of Dan" or 2) "the people of Israel" - diff --git a/gen/49/17.md b/gen/49/17.md index 2ea17c8fe0..547176ad9f 100644 --- a/gen/49/17.md +++ b/gen/49/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Dan will be a snake beside the road Jacob speaks about Dan and his descendants as if they were snakes. Though a snake is small, it can bring down a rider off his horse. So Dan, though a small tribe, is very dangerous to its enemies. Alternate translation: "The descendants of Dan will be like a snake beside the road" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/18.md b/gen/49/18.md index 3dbde80a99..257b7679a7 100644 --- a/gen/49/18.md +++ b/gen/49/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated as "save." Alternate translation # I wait The word "I" refers to Jacob. - diff --git a/gen/49/19.md b/gen/49/19.md index 4c97da2b51..0611864fd3 100644 --- a/gen/49/19.md +++ b/gen/49/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Gad" stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: "The descendants o # at their heels Here "heels" stands for the raiders who are running away from the descendants of Gad. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/20.md b/gen/49/20.md index 86c0f8f569..03e13a48bf 100644 --- a/gen/49/20.md +++ b/gen/49/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Asher" stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: "Asher's descend # food will be rich Here "rich" is a way of saying "delicious." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/21.md b/gen/49/21.md index c0807a0d5f..0b27e0e395 100644 --- a/gen/49/21.md +++ b/gen/49/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jacob speaks about the descendants of Naphtali as if they were a female deer tha # have beautiful fawns A "fawn" is a baby deer. The meaning of the Hebrew word is unclear. Some versions translate it as "have beautiful words" or "speak beautiful things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/22.md b/gen/49/22.md index 02d56bd23b..c2463f5d0f 100644 --- a/gen/49/22.md +++ b/gen/49/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a main branch of a tree # whose branches climb over the wall Branches that grow and extend over a wall are spoken of as if they were climbing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/23.md b/gen/49/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/49/23.md +++ b/gen/49/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/49/24.md b/gen/49/24.md index 86a3ed6aa4..bb9025ec3d 100644 --- a/gen/49/24.md +++ b/gen/49/24.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Jacob speak of Yahweh as if he were a "Shepherd." This emphasizes that Yahweh gu # the Rock Jacob speaks of Yahweh as if he were a "Rock" that people can climb upon to find safety from enemies. This emphasizes that Yahweh protects his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/25.md b/gen/49/25.md index 7522322500..eb9705bc3d 100644 --- a/gen/49/25.md +++ b/gen/49/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "deep" stands for the water underneath the ground that supplies rivers and # blessings of the breasts and womb Here "breasts and womb" stand for the ability for a mother to have children and feed them milk. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/26.md b/gen/49/26.md index 9a39cfd0ce..adccecc86f 100644 --- a/gen/49/26.md +++ b/gen/49/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jacob desires for these blessings to be passed on to even the most important of # prince of his brothers "most important of his brothers" - diff --git a/gen/49/27.md b/gen/49/27.md index 54780d72c5..4f65737299 100644 --- a/gen/49/27.md +++ b/gen/49/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Benjamin is a hungry wolf Here "Benjamin" is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Jacob speaks about Benjamin's descendants as if they were a hungry wolf. This emphasizes that they will be fierce warriors. Alternate translation: "The descendants of Benjamin will be like hungry wolves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/28.md b/gen/49/28.md index a7d0e6588a..036f3911f0 100644 --- a/gen/49/28.md +++ b/gen/49/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "blessed" refers to the speaking of formal blessings. # Each one he blessed with an appropriate blessing "He gave each son a fitting blessing" - diff --git a/gen/49/29.md b/gen/49/29.md index 4437842e8d..64e87e6efc 100644 --- a/gen/49/29.md +++ b/gen/49/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jacob is referring to where his inner man will go when he dies. He expects to jo # Ephron the Hittite This is the name of a man. "Hittite" means "descendent of Heth." See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/30.md b/gen/49/30.md index 02fdebbd33..e122284bf5 100644 --- a/gen/49/30.md +++ b/gen/49/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Machpelah was the name of an area or region. See how you translated this in [Gen # Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this in [Genesis 13:18](../13/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/31.md b/gen/49/31.md index f600b85baf..740bb2b468 100644 --- a/gen/49/31.md +++ b/gen/49/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jacob continues speaking to his sons. - diff --git a/gen/49/32.md b/gen/49/32.md index c034bd42f0..b6d1fc2edc 100644 --- a/gen/49/32.md +++ b/gen/49/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The purchase can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "in it were purchased # from the people of Heth "from the Hittites" - diff --git a/gen/49/33.md b/gen/49/33.md index 40dd713c09..29a7dba89b 100644 --- a/gen/49/33.md +++ b/gen/49/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying a person died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-eu # went to his people After Jacob died, his inner man went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/49/index.md b/gen/49/index.md index 721f8cabcf..0c4235a163 100644 --- a/gen/49/index.md +++ b/gen/49/index.md @@ -74,4 +74,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/sidon]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/simeon]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/zebulun]] - diff --git a/gen/49/intro.md b/gen/49/intro.md index b1084ec417..f8e569ad53 100644 --- a/gen/49/intro.md +++ b/gen/49/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,27 @@ # Genesis 49 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 49:1-27. - -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Prophecies +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Prophecies + These statements made by Jacob to his sons are probably prophecies. These prophecies are concerned with the descendants of each of Jacob's sons who would become the twelve tribes of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "The scepter will not depart from Judah" -#### "The scepter will not depart from Judah" This prophecy indicates Judah will be the ruling tribe of Israel. The future kings of Israel all come from the tribe of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### "I buried Leah" -Since Moses wrote the book of Genesis, this is an editorial comment he makes in the text as the narrator. +### "I buried Leah" + +Since Moses wrote the book of Genesis, this is an editorial comment he makes in the text as the narrator. ## Links: * __[Genesis 49:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../48/intro.md) | [>>](../50/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/gen/50/01.md b/gen/50/01.md index 93d4e09021..7aa5d0a261 100644 --- a/gen/50/01.md +++ b/gen/50/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that he collapsed on the face of his father The term "he collapsed" is an idiom for being overcome. Alternate translation: "that he fell on his father in grief" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/02.md b/gen/50/02.md index c0c320a2fb..5eca53fbb4 100644 --- a/gen/50/02.md +++ b/gen/50/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to embalm his father To "embalm" is a special way of preserving a dead body before it is buried. Alternate translation: "to prepare his father's body for burial" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/03.md b/gen/50/03.md index a80fde7bb7..9da45e42c3 100644 --- a/gen/50/03.md +++ b/gen/50/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # seventy days "70 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/04.md b/gen/50/04.md index 9468cc6b30..b21b9b9e75 100644 --- a/gen/50/04.md +++ b/gen/50/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "house of Pharaoh" stands for the officials that make up Pharaoh's royal co # If now I have found favor in your eyes The phrase "find favor" is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "If I have found favor with you" or "If you are pleased with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/05.md b/gen/50/05.md index 1a1bbe65ac..e5584e2a47 100644 --- a/gen/50/05.md +++ b/gen/50/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the third level of the three-level quotation that begins with the words # let me go up It was common to use the phrase "go up" when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. - diff --git a/gen/50/06.md b/gen/50/06.md index db865e8930..94cd083062 100644 --- a/gen/50/06.md +++ b/gen/50/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the members of the court spoke to Pharaoh, and now Pharaoh is # as he made you swear "as you swore to him" - diff --git a/gen/50/07.md b/gen/50/07.md index 8c805f3c2d..e632ed8167 100644 --- a/gen/50/07.md +++ b/gen/50/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These were probably government officials, not household servants. # the elders of his household Here "household" refers to Pharaoh's royal court. - diff --git a/gen/50/08.md b/gen/50/08.md index 2f2a43b239..50b5e52898 100644 --- a/gen/50/08.md +++ b/gen/50/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with all Joseph's household and his brothers, and his father's household This can be translated as a new sentence: "Joseph's household, his brothers, and his father's household also went with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-events]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/09.md b/gen/50/09.md index 24731fa77c..cd68a0984f 100644 --- a/gen/50/09.md +++ b/gen/50/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here this stands for the men riding in the chariots. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # It was a very large group of people "It was a very large gathering" - diff --git a/gen/50/10.md b/gen/50/10.md index 84e7450530..3a8751a552 100644 --- a/gen/50/10.md +++ b/gen/50/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the word "Atad" means "thorn" and it may refer to a pla # a seven-day "a 7-day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/11.md b/gen/50/11.md index c37d590129..9e2e454fe6 100644 --- a/gen/50/11.md +++ b/gen/50/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "on the threshing floor that belonged to a man named At # Abel Mizraim The translator can add a footnote that says: "The name Abel Mizraim means "the mourning of Egypt.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/12.md b/gen/50/12.md index 4d2ad52eb1..7f288989e4 100644 --- a/gen/50/12.md +++ b/gen/50/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # just as he had instructed them "just as he had directed them" - diff --git a/gen/50/13.md b/gen/50/13.md index 2c60d694e9..fdb38667a7 100644 --- a/gen/50/13.md +++ b/gen/50/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre # Ephron the Hittite This is the name of a man. "Hittite" means "descendent of Heth." See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/14.md b/gen/50/14.md index 497dff92ab..bf132e6b6b 100644 --- a/gen/50/14.md +++ b/gen/50/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all who had accompanied him "all who had come with him" - diff --git a/gen/50/15.md b/gen/50/15.md index 6b24a2fb1a..0de6a33f18 100644 --- a/gen/50/15.md +++ b/gen/50/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here anger is spoken of as if it was something physical that Joseph could hold i # wants to repay us in full for all the evil we did to him Avenging oneself against someone who harmed him is spoken of as if the person were paying they other person what they are owed. Alternate translation: "wants revenge for the evil thing we did to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/16.md b/gen/50/16.md index d63f402866..a5ebe47e4b 100644 --- a/gen/50/16.md +++ b/gen/50/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A three-level quotation begins with the words "Your father gave." # Your father gave instructions before he died, saying Jacob was the father of all the brothers. Here they say "your father" to emphasize that Joseph needs to pay attention to what his father said. Alternate translation: "Before our father died he said" - diff --git a/gen/50/17.md b/gen/50/17.md index 466451e8aa..890455fc9c 100644 --- a/gen/50/17.md +++ b/gen/50/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The brothers are referring to themselves as "the servants of the God of your fat # Joseph wept when they spoke to him "Joseph wept when he heard this message" - diff --git a/gen/50/18.md b/gen/50/18.md index 3bcf0b413f..41b2394001 100644 --- a/gen/50/18.md +++ b/gen/50/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lay facedown before him They lay down with their faces toward the ground. This is a sign of humility and respect for Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/19.md b/gen/50/19.md index f39eec3cf9..f03d11aaaa 100644 --- a/gen/50/19.md +++ b/gen/50/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Am I in the place of God? Joseph uses a question to comfort his brothers. Alternate translation: "I am not in the place of God." or "I am not God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/20.md b/gen/50/20.md index f21d49b71a..f8b7ca1daf 100644 --- a/gen/50/20.md +++ b/gen/50/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # God meant it for good "God intended it for good" - diff --git a/gen/50/21.md b/gen/50/21.md index 11f69f65cb..63f824772a 100644 --- a/gen/50/21.md +++ b/gen/50/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # He comforted them in this way and spoke kindly to their hearts Here "hearts" refers to the brothers. Alternate translation: "He comforted them by speaking kindly to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/22.md b/gen/50/22.md index 50fb4d0c31..c0f216284b 100644 --- a/gen/50/22.md +++ b/gen/50/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one hundred ten years "110 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/23.md b/gen/50/23.md index 97c4b25502..d3df18af17 100644 --- a/gen/50/23.md +++ b/gen/50/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of Joseph's grandson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-name # who were placed on the knees of Joseph This expression means that Joseph adopted these children of Machir as his own children. This means they would have special inheritance rights from Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/24.md b/gen/50/24.md index 13c8e357cc..c6a9b5d83c 100644 --- a/gen/50/24.md +++ b/gen/50/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In [Genesis 50:24/26](./24.md) the word "you" refers to Joseph's brothers, but i # lead you up out of this land to the land It was common to use the word "up" when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. Alternate translation: "bring you out of this land and take you to the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-events]]) - diff --git a/gen/50/25.md b/gen/50/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/gen/50/25.md +++ b/gen/50/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/gen/50/26.md b/gen/50/26.md index e018d8e701..52700f7210 100644 --- a/gen/50/26.md +++ b/gen/50/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they placed him" (See # in a coffin "in a chest" or "in a case." This is a box a dead person is placed in. - diff --git a/gen/50/index.md b/gen/50/index.md index f225f82237..088d7940f4 100644 --- a/gen/50/index.md +++ b/gen/50/index.md @@ -36,4 +36,3 @@ * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/josephot]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/manasseh]] * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/pharaoh]] - diff --git a/gen/50/intro.md b/gen/50/intro.md index 052b088361..a75fbcac42 100644 --- a/gen/50/intro.md +++ b/gen/50/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Genesis 50 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Embalming -Embalming was practiced in Egypt on very important people when they died. They removed the liquids from the body then wrapped it in an attempt to preserve the body from decay. +### Embalming + +Embalming was practiced in Egypt on very important people when they died. They removed the liquids from the body then wrapped it in an attempt to preserve the body from decay. + +### Joseph's character -#### Joseph's character Joseph's character was so upright that Pharaoh's officials went with him to Canaan to bury Jacob. This was a very large funeral procession. He also learned lessons from earlier in his life and unified his family. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Joseph's character was so upright that Pharaoh's officials went with him to Cana * __[Genesis 50:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../49/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/gen/front/intro.md b/gen/front/intro.md index b1500268a0..5b4d7d6d40 100644 --- a/gen/front/intro.md +++ b/gen/front/intro.md @@ -5,17 +5,20 @@ ### Outline of Genesis 1. From the Creation to the Tower of Babel - - The account of the creation of the heavens and the earth (1:1–4:26) - - The account of Adam (5:1–6:8) - - The account of Noah (6:9–11:9) - - The account of Shem (11:10–11:26) - - The account of Terah (11:27–11:32) + + - The account of the creation of the heavens and the earth (1:1–4:26) + - The account of Adam (5:1–6:8) + - The account of Noah (6:9–11:9) + - The account of Shem (11:10–11:26) + - The account of Terah (11:27–11:32) + 1. The accounts of the Patriarchs - - The account of Abraham (12:1-25:11) - - The account of Ishmael (25:12–25:18) - - The account of Isaac, focusing on Jacob (25:19–35:29) - - The account of Esau (36:1–37:1) - - The account of Jacob, focusing on Joseph (37:2–50:26) + + - The account of Abraham (12:1-25:11) + - The account of Ishmael (25:12–25:18) + - The account of Isaac, focusing on Jacob (25:19–35:29) + - The account of Esau (36:1–37:1) + - The account of Jacob, focusing on Joseph (37:2–50:26) ### What is Genesis about? @@ -43,7 +46,7 @@ God made three covenants in Genesis. In the covenant with Adam, God promised to In the covenant with Noah, God promised to never again destroy the world with a flood. -In the covenant with Abraham, God promised to make Abraham's descendants into a great nation. He also promised to protect them and to give them a land of their own. +In the covenant with Abraham, God promised to make Abraham's descendants into a great nation. He also promised to protect them and to give them a land of their own. ### What was God's purpose for the book of Genesis? @@ -88,4 +91,3 @@ Many individuals in Genesis eventually had large numbers of descendants who were ### What do the phrases "to this day" or "of today" mean? These phrases were used by the narrator to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that "to this day" and "of today" refer to a time already passed. The translator might decide to say, "to this day, at the time when this is being written," or, "to this day, at the time of writing." This Hebrew phrase occurs in Gen. 19:37, 19:38, 22:14, 26:33, 32:32, 35:20, 47:26, 48:18. - diff --git a/hab/01/02.md b/hab/01/02.md index 5988660097..cb2d567b83 100644 --- a/hab/01/02.md +++ b/hab/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # how long will I cry for help, and you will not hear? The reader should understand that Habakkuk has been crying to Yahweh for help for a long time. He asks this question because he is frustrated and wants to know how much longer it will be before Yahweh responds. Alternate translation: "how much longer shall I cry for help before you will respond?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/03.md b/hab/01/03.md index e45efafd7a..d3601a44a9 100644 --- a/hab/01/03.md +++ b/hab/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "destruction" and "violence" can be translated with a verbal phrase. T # contention rises up The word "contention" refers to conflict between people and can be translated with a verbal phrase. Habakkuk speaks of there being more contention between people as if contention rises up. Alternate translation: "there is more conflict between people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/04.md b/hab/01/04.md index 7296f521f6..58d2c4dd52 100644 --- a/hab/01/04.md +++ b/hab/01/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Habakkuk speaks of judges giving decisions that they say are just but that are n # twisted justice Justice that is "twisted" is injustice, the opposite of "straight justice," which is truly just. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/05.md b/hab/01/05.md index f58bd4e059..931180020b 100644 --- a/hab/01/05.md +++ b/hab/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom refers to Habakkuk's lifetime. Alternate translation: "during your li # when it is reported to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when someone reports it to you" or "when you hear about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/06.md b/hab/01/06.md index b0d5b5397c..910cdc7aea 100644 --- a/hab/01/06.md +++ b/hab/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "violent" or 2) "hasty." # the breadth of the land This can mean 1) everywhere in Judah or 2) everywhere in the world. This would be an exaggeration to emphasize how powerful the Chaldean army is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/07.md b/hab/01/07.md index f6b5c70cb8..f4dc068b8e 100644 --- a/hab/01/07.md +++ b/hab/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "terrifying" and "fearsome" share similar meanings. Together they emph # their judgment and splendor proceed from themselves The word "splendor" represents their pride in how they view themselves. Yahweh speaks of their opinion of themselves as if the qualities of judgment and splendor came from them. Alternate translation: "because they are prideful, they decide for themselves what judgment looks like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/08.md b/hab/01/08.md index f02953b7fd..09ddac8f6f 100644 --- a/hab/01/08.md +++ b/hab/01/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the Chaldean soldiers who ride the horses # they fly like an eagle hurrying to eat Yahweh speaks of how quickly the Chaldeans move in order to conquer their enemies as if they were flying, like an eagle flies swiftly to capture its prey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/09.md b/hab/01/09.md index b0c2f1c4d0..0f323a65f9 100644 --- a/hab/01/09.md +++ b/hab/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of how quickly the Chaldeans move as if they were a strong wind th # they gather captives like sand Possible meanings are 1) the Chaldeans take people captive as easily as one would scoop up sand with his hand. Alternate translation: "they gather captives as one gathers sand" or 2) the Chaldeans take a great number of people captive, as if those people were as many as the grains of sand in the desert. Alternate translation: "they capture as many people as there are grains of sand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/10.md b/hab/01/10.md index 4722ec726b..497ac9cd09 100644 --- a/hab/01/10.md +++ b/hab/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to describe the Chaldean soldiers. # So they mock kings, and rulers are only a mockery for them These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The word "mockery" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "So they mock kings, and rulers are only something for them to mock" or "So all they do is mock kings and rulers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/11.md b/hab/01/11.md index a70d86d823..3649d07f91 100644 --- a/hab/01/11.md +++ b/hab/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of how swiftly the Chaldean army moves from one city to the next a # guilty men, those whose might is their god This refers to the Chaldean soldiers. - diff --git a/hab/01/12.md b/hab/01/12.md index 9dfd0c342b..5b03f5b48c 100644 --- a/hab/01/12.md +++ b/hab/01/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the Chaldeans. The words "judgment" and "correction" c # Rock Habakkuk speaks of Yahweh being the one who protects him and keeps him safe as if he were a rock upon which Habakkuk could stand in order to be out of his enemies' reach. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/13.md b/hab/01/13.md index c82782e9ee..1a6c7f65c7 100644 --- a/hab/01/13.md +++ b/hab/01/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Habakkuk speaks of wicked people destroying others as if the wicked were swallow # those more righteous than they are This refers to the Israelites, about whom Habakkuk had been complaining. The reader should understand that these are wicked people, but they are "more righteous than" or not as wicked as the Chaldeans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/14.md b/hab/01/14.md index 02751ba272..34ef0ac843 100644 --- a/hab/01/14.md +++ b/hab/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Habakkuk compares the way in which the Chaldeans will kill people without remors # like creeping things without a ruler over them The words "creeping things" refer to insects and other bugs that crawl about. Just as insects have no ruler to organize and defend them, the people are defenseless before the Chaldean army. The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "you make men like creeping things without a ruler over them" or "you make men as defenseless as insects that have no ruler" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/15.md b/hab/01/15.md index 5d54c57a16..52fdd47146 100644 --- a/hab/01/15.md +++ b/hab/01/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Habakkuk speaks of the Chaldeans conquering people easily as if the people were # fishhook ... fishnet ... dragnet tools used to catch fish - diff --git a/hab/01/16.md b/hab/01/16.md index 2c3941d206..f1ef99b4aa 100644 --- a/hab/01/16.md +++ b/hab/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he sacrifices ... his net ... his dragnet ... he lives ... his food Habakkuk speaks of the weapons that the Chaldeans use to conquer people and nations as if the weapons were fishing nets that they use to catch fish. The words "he" and "his" refer to a Babylonian solider who represents all of the Babylonian soldiers. These pronouns can be stated as plural. Alternate translation: "they sacrifice ... their nets ... their dragnets ... they live ... their food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/17.md b/hab/01/17.md index b6b2cee0d1..7b5731ff98 100644 --- a/hab/01/17.md +++ b/hab/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In 1:15-17 the singular pronoun "he" and "his" refer to a Babylonian solider who # keep emptying his net Habakkuk speaks of the Chaldeans preparing to conquer more nations as if they were fishermen who empty their nets so that they can use them to catch more fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/01/intro.md b/hab/01/intro.md index ecc7e48491..86670445d9 100644 --- a/hab/01/intro.md +++ b/hab/01/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Habakkuk 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:1-17. This chapter is arranged in a series of questions and answers between Yahweh and Habakkuk. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Injustice +### Injustice Habakkuk sees great injustice, especially in the defeat of Israel by the Assyrians. He cries out to Yahweh to ask him to put an end to it. He is questioning Yahweh, but he trusts in him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -#### Chaldeans +### Chaldeans + Yahweh will raise up the Chaldeans to bring justice to the Hebrew people. They will defeat the Assyrians. At this time, the Chaldeans were an insignificant city and people group. This was probably intended to show the power of Yahweh. ## Links: @@ -21,4 +22,3 @@ Yahweh will raise up the Chaldeans to bring justice to the Hebrew people. They w * __[Habakkuk intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hab/02/01.md b/hab/02/01.md index 2a5f6ca29c..a5d4ae01ef 100644 --- a/hab/02/01.md +++ b/hab/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Possible meanings are 1) Habakk # how I should turn from my complaint Here the word "turn" refers to returning an answer. Habakkuk considers what answer he will give concerning the things that he has said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/02.md b/hab/02/02.md index b52a97aeda..2d7fe2872b 100644 --- a/hab/02/02.md +++ b/hab/02/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are flat pieces of stone or clay that were used for writing. # so that the one reading them might run Possible meanings are 1) that the message is easy enough to read that a messenger can read it as he runs from place to place proclaiming the message. Alternate translation: "so that the one reading the tablets might be able to run as he reads" or 2) this is a metaphor in which Yahweh speaks of reading something very quickly as if the person who reads it is running. Alternate translation: "so that the one reading the tablets might be able to read quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/03.md b/hab/02/03.md index 9c1218c95d..a4ee3b1a33 100644 --- a/hab/02/03.md +++ b/hab/02/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the events of the vision taking a long time to happen as if the # will not tarry Possible meanings are 1) "will not be late" or 2) "will not come slowly" - diff --git a/hab/02/04.md b/hab/02/04.md index 8e7f876203..efaae95a9a 100644 --- a/hab/02/04.md +++ b/hab/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "Look!" here adds emphasis to what follows. # is puffed up Yahweh speaks of the person who is prideful as if the person were "puffed up." Alternate translation: "is very prideful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/05.md b/hab/02/05.md index dc1fb23bb2..d2c75397a9 100644 --- a/hab/02/05.md +++ b/hab/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God speaks of the arrogant person being greedy as if the person made his throat # He has gathered together all the nations, and he has assembled to himself all the people These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Yahweh speaks of the arrogant man conquering nations and capturing the people as if he were gathering nations and peoples to himself. Alternate translation: "He conquers for himself the people of every nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/06.md b/hab/02/06.md index f2dd75e248..e8edf33f16 100644 --- a/hab/02/06.md +++ b/hab/02/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "pledges" refers to objects that people give to others from whom they h # For how long will you increase the weight of the pledges you have taken? The Chaldeans robbing the people of the nations of their wealth is spoken of as if the Chaldeans were a person who forces others to give him pledges and to pay him what they do not owe. Alternate translation: "For how long will you make yourself rich by extorting others?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/07.md b/hab/02/07.md index 0999119529..518c5107fa 100644 --- a/hab/02/07.md +++ b/hab/02/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the same debtors. They will terrify the Chaldeans by attacking th # rise up ... awaken The people of the nations beginning to act against the Chaldeans is spoken of as if they were to "rise up" and to "awaken" from sleep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/08.md b/hab/02/08.md index 3742baacce..b6daa5ce25 100644 --- a/hab/02/08.md +++ b/hab/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ to rob or take things by force # you have shed human blood The idiom "to shed blood" means "to murder." Alternate translation: "you have murdered people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/09.md b/hab/02/09.md index fd6927d80c..64b385137e 100644 --- a/hab/02/09.md +++ b/hab/02/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The person who builds his house is spoken of as if he were a bird that builds it # from the hand of evil Here the word "hand" is a metonym for power, and the word "evil" is a metonym for people who do evil things. Alternate translation: "from the power of evil" or "from people who will harm him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/10.md b/hab/02/10.md index 3b5daaeb9c..7f25e79541 100644 --- a/hab/02/10.md +++ b/hab/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Killing many people is spoken of as if it were cutting those people off, like on # have sinned against your life This idiom means that the person has done things that will result in his own death or destruction. Alternate translation: "have caused your own ruin" or "have brought about your own death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/11.md b/hab/02/11.md index 7a70a23d49..09eb6bf83b 100644 --- a/hab/02/11.md +++ b/hab/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the materials with which the man has built his house are personified as wit # will answer them "will agree with the stones" - diff --git a/hab/02/12.md b/hab/02/12.md index 63e210fcf1..668249d922 100644 --- a/hab/02/12.md +++ b/hab/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "blood" is a metonym for murder. It is implicit that the person bu # who establishes a town in iniquity It is implicit that the person builds a city by means of the goods that he stole from those whom he has killed. Here the word "establishes" means "to begin." Alternate translation: "who starts a town by means of the profit that he has acquired through evil behavior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/13.md b/hab/02/13.md index 33463b5770..b584c05b64 100644 --- a/hab/02/13.md +++ b/hab/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This negative rhetorical question emphasizes the positive answer that it anticip # peoples labor for fire This means that the people labor to build things that will go into the fire before the people can use them. Alternate translation: "peoples labor to build things that the fire will burn up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/14.md b/hab/02/14.md index 629878850a..ebfa00a5d6 100644 --- a/hab/02/14.md +++ b/hab/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This simile compares the way in which people everywhere will know of Yahweh's gl # the land will be filled with the knowledge of the glory of Yahweh The word "knowledge" can be translated with a verbal phrase. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people throughout the land will know the glory of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/15.md b/hab/02/15.md index 903fffc7f6..d204439efe 100644 --- a/hab/02/15.md +++ b/hab/02/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that he makes his neighbor drink wine. Alternate translation: "the # in order to look at their nakedness "so you can look at them when they are naked." This refers to the practice of publicly humiliating people by stripping them naked in front of others. Alternate translation: "so that you can humiliate them publicly by stripping them naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/16.md b/hab/02/16.md index 6222a12d6f..c88521f7e1 100644 --- a/hab/02/16.md +++ b/hab/02/16.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Yahweh punishing the Chaldeans is spoken of as if he were forcing them to drink # disgrace will cover your glory The Chaldeans experiencing disgrace instead of glory is spoken of as if disgrace were an object that covers the glory that they thought they had. Alternate translation: "disgrace will replace your glory" or "people will disgrace you instead of honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/17.md b/hab/02/17.md index e52f8ce937..39b354a2bd 100644 --- a/hab/02/17.md +++ b/hab/02/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this sentence in [Habakkuk 2:8](../02/08.md). # you have shed the blood of man The idiom "to shed blood" means "to murder." Alternate translation: "you have murdered people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/18.md b/hab/02/18.md index 2da399cd13..0a892231e8 100644 --- a/hab/02/18.md +++ b/hab/02/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase personifies the cast metal figure as a teacher. People who look at a # worthless idols or "idols who cannot speak" - diff --git a/hab/02/19.md b/hab/02/19.md index 5c0dfe48ef..b2712ecc12 100644 --- a/hab/02/19.md +++ b/hab/02/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a person overlays the # there is no breath at all within it The idiom "no breath ... within it" means that it is not alive, but dead. Alternate translation: "it is not alive" or "it is dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/20.md b/hab/02/20.md index 83241d3148..e17f203cac 100644 --- a/hab/02/20.md +++ b/hab/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the land Here the word "land" is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate translation: "everyone in the land" or "everyone on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hab/02/intro.md b/hab/02/intro.md index f766b391fd..7f9e85f8f8 100644 --- a/hab/02/intro.md +++ b/hab/02/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Habakkuk 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 2:1-20. This chapter is arranged in a series of questions and answers between Yahweh and Habakkuk. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "The righteous will live by his faith" -#### "The righteous will live by his faith" This is an important phrase in Scripture. Paul also uses it to explain that man is justified by his faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important phrase in Scripture. Paul also uses it to explain that man * __[Habakkuk 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hab/03/01.md b/hab/03/01.md index d722f898d2..09dfff13b9 100644 --- a/hab/03/01.md +++ b/hab/03/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The prayer of Habakkuk the prophet: These words introduce the third chapter of this book. This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "This is the prayer that Habakkuk the prophet prayed to Yahweh." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/02.md b/hab/03/02.md index 3af8f9accb..539d960901 100644 --- a/hab/03/02.md +++ b/hab/03/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom refers to the time at which Habakkuk prayed this prayer, as opposed t # make it known "make your work known" or "cause people to know your work" - diff --git a/hab/03/03.md b/hab/03/03.md index efb057372e..052b9608d7 100644 --- a/hab/03/03.md +++ b/hab/03/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) concealed, hid to keep people from seeing, or 2) clothe # the earth was full of his praise Here the word "praise" is a metonym for God's qualities that cause people to praise him. Alternate translation: "the earth was full of his glory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/04.md b/hab/03/04.md index 599c9a9f8b..7c8a346b99 100644 --- a/hab/03/04.md +++ b/hab/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Habakkuk speaks of flashes of lightning as if they were two-pronged weapons that # there he hid his power The word "there" refers to Yahweh's hand. Possible meanings are 1) the lightning bolts that Habakkuk can see are only a small representation of the full power that he cannot see hidden in Yahweh's hand or 2) Yahweh hides his power in his hand until he is ready to use it. - diff --git a/hab/03/05.md b/hab/03/05.md index 8f6a770d47..636f736ec6 100644 --- a/hab/03/05.md +++ b/hab/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer describes God making people ill with diseases as if that disease were # the plague came out at his feet The writer describes God making people ill with the plague as if the plague were a small animal following close behind God's feet. Alternate translation: "he brought a plague on the people" or "God made the people ill with the plague" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/06.md b/hab/03/06.md index c1c8586a26..263a151148 100644 --- a/hab/03/06.md +++ b/hab/03/06.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The hills being flattened like level ground is spoken of as if they were people # His path is everlasting Possible meanings are 1) the words "His path" may be a metaphor that speaks of Yahweh and his actions as a path on which he walks. Alternate translation: "He is everlasting" or 2) Habakkuk speaks of the path upon which Yahweh walks in the vision as being everlasting, indicating that this is the same path that Yahweh had taken in ancient times. Alternate translation: "He walks along an ancient path" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/07.md b/hab/03/07.md index 4d30b8cf35..2cf228dc7d 100644 --- a/hab/03/07.md +++ b/hab/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the words "the tents" and "the fabric of the tents" are # Cushan This can be 1) the name of a people group otherwise unknown or 2) the same as Cush. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/08.md b/hab/03/08.md index 85fcf3ca81..fd23e3871b 100644 --- a/hab/03/08.md +++ b/hab/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you rode upon your horses and your victorious chariots The phrases "your horses" and "your victorious chariots" both refer to the same thing. This speaks of Yahweh as if he were a warrior riding a horse-drawn chariot into battle. Alternate translation: "you rode your horse-drawn chariots to victory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/09.md b/hab/03/09.md index c0812ffe64..94880915b6 100644 --- a/hab/03/09.md +++ b/hab/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that Yahweh has removed his bow from its protective case and is prepa # You divided the earth with rivers Possible meanings are 1) "You created rivers that divide the lands through which they run" or 2) "You split open the earth and rivers flowed forth." - diff --git a/hab/03/10.md b/hab/03/10.md index f7d7ef97e9..bf6d98b5b4 100644 --- a/hab/03/10.md +++ b/hab/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The loud noises that the sea makes as the wind and storm pass over it are spoken # It lifted up its hands The waves of the sea are spoken of as if the sea were a person who lifts his hands in praise to God. Alternate translation: "Waves began to form in the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/11.md b/hab/03/11.md index 97d0ed555a..ef62573d8b 100644 --- a/hab/03/11.md +++ b/hab/03/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings and tell why the sun and moon have stoo # the flash of your arrows as they fly "the flash of your flying arrows" - diff --git a/hab/03/12.md b/hab/03/12.md index 9a3c2e46b4..3d3c13fc7f 100644 --- a/hab/03/12.md +++ b/hab/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ anger of a person who has suffered injustice # you have threshed the nations Yahweh punishing the people of the nations is spoken of as if he threshed the nations. Threshing refers to the practice of having an ox or some other animal trample upon grain stalks in order to crush them and remove the grain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/13.md b/hab/03/13.md index d63f6c83ce..f1d7e0e4ff 100644 --- a/hab/03/13.md +++ b/hab/03/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "salvation" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "You # You shatter the head of the house of the wicked to lay bare from the base up to the neck Possible meanings are 1) killing the leader and destroying the people is spoken of as if someone were destroying a house. Here the leader is the head, that is, the roof of the house; and "base" and "neck" represent other parts of the house. Alternate translation: "You destroy the roof of the wicked house and demolish the rest of the building" or "You kill the leader of the wicked nation and completely destroy the nation" or 2) Killing the leader and removing honor and power from the people is spoken of as if someone were shattering a person's head and stripping off all of his clothes. Here the leader is the "head," and "house" represents the people who are the body. Alternate translation: "The wicked people and their leader are like a man whose head you crush and whose body you strip naked from foot to neck" or "You kill the leader of the wicked people and completely remove all of the people's power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/14.md b/hab/03/14.md index 5222bbd7a6..11adf3f3bb 100644 --- a/hab/03/14.md +++ b/hab/03/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The power and quickness of the Chaldeans as they attacked the people of Israel i # their gloating was like one who devours the poor in a hiding place The word "gloating" here means to rejoice for bad reasons and can be translated with a verb. The warriors treating people cruelly or killing them is spoken of as if the warriors were wild beasts who carry their prey to their hiding places in order to eat it. Alternate translation: "they gloated like a person who secretly abuses poor people" or "they rejoiced when they oppressed the poor, acting as if they would eat them like a beast eats its prey in its den" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/15.md b/hab/03/15.md index d23c793b8e..d1a2b18ba9 100644 --- a/hab/03/15.md +++ b/hab/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # heaped up the great waters Yahweh causing the waters to surge is spoken of as if he heaped the water up into piles. Alternate translation: "caused the great waters to surge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/16.md b/hab/03/16.md index d32bd54bea..8bf05cf900 100644 --- a/hab/03/16.md +++ b/hab/03/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Habakkuk speaks of having no strength in his body as if his bones began to decay # under myself I tremble The words "under myself" refer to what is below him. Possible meanings for the idiom are 1) "my legs tremble" or 2) "I tremble where I stand." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/17.md b/hab/03/17.md index 037be17292..3dad210364 100644 --- a/hab/03/17.md +++ b/hab/03/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Habakkuk describes his reaction to his vision of Yahweh. # though the flock is cut off from the fold The word "flock" may refer to sheep or goats, or both. The word "fold" refers to the fenced-in area where shepherds keep their flock. Habakkuk speaks of the flock dying as if someone were to cut off the flock, as a person would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: "though all the flock dies and the folds are empty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/18.md b/hab/03/18.md index 2ea9cfe29d..ecb004ed71 100644 --- a/hab/03/18.md +++ b/hab/03/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Habakkuk continues to describe his reaction to his vision of Yahweh and determin # the God of my salvation The word "salvation" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "the God who saves me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/19.md b/hab/03/19.md index bad638e5e5..f0c7a2ed4f 100644 --- a/hab/03/19.md +++ b/hab/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he makes my feet like the deer's. He makes me go forward on my high places Habakkuk speaks of Yahweh keeping him safe and enabling him to survive during difficult times as if Yahweh were to make him as sure-footed as a deer that can climb easily on rugged and dangerous mountain sides. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hab/03/intro.md b/hab/03/intro.md index 3f8d11c2bf..b1fb6ab786 100644 --- a/hab/03/intro.md +++ b/hab/03/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Habakkuk 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:1-19. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Poetry -#### Poetry Although this is a prayer, it is in the form of poetry. Habakkuk uses startling imagery to show his fear of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Although this is a prayer, it is in the form of poetry. Habakkuk uses startling * __[Habakkuk 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/hab/front/intro.md b/hab/front/intro.md index dd6ce79f76..ed8bde0595 100644 --- a/hab/front/intro.md +++ b/hab/front/intro.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ 1. Habakkuk asks Yahweh more questions (1:12–2:1) 1. Yahweh responds again (2:2–5) 1. Habakkuk gives five taunts against the wicked (2:6-20) -1. Habakkuk prays (3:1–19) +1. Habakkuk prays (3:1–19) ### What is the Book of Habakkuk about? @@ -39,9 +39,8 @@ Habakkuk spoke to Yahweh and Yahweh answered him. The translator should be caref ### What style of writing is the Book of Habakkuk? -In the first two chapters, Habakkuk asks Yahweh questions and Yahweh answers him. The third chapter is a psalm. Habakkuk ends by telling the choirmaster to use stringed instruments. +In the first two chapters, Habakkuk asks Yahweh questions and Yahweh answers him. The third chapter is a psalm. Habakkuk ends by telling the choirmaster to use stringed instruments. ### Does Habakkuk question or challenge Yahweh? Habakkuk spoke directly to Yahweh and seems to be challenging God. Habakkuk was not questioning the authority of Yahweh. He was telling Yahweh that he does not understand what Yahweh is doing. In some cultures, it may be improper to speak to an authority in this way. It may be necessary to rephrase Habakkuk's questions to emphasize his sincere desire to learn why God is doing what he is doing, without doubting him. - diff --git a/hag/01/01.md b/hag/01/01.md index 572ad75ad3..d0b64ac822 100644 --- a/hag/01/01.md +++ b/hag/01/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # by the hand of Haggai Here the word "hand" refers to Haggai himself. Yahweh used Haggai as the agent to deliver his command. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: "through Haggai" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/hag/01/02.md b/hag/01/02.md index f915193593..50456e1cc8 100644 --- a/hag/01/02.md +++ b/hag/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house of Yahweh the temple - diff --git a/hag/01/03.md b/hag/01/03.md index 0f89a62dad..c6820920eb 100644 --- a/hag/01/03.md +++ b/hag/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translat # by the hand of Haggai Here the word "hand" refers to Haggai himself. Yahweh used Haggai as the agent to deliver his command. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: "through Haggai" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/hag/01/04.md b/hag/01/04.md index 53e51079b8..3ecc471a94 100644 --- a/hag/01/04.md +++ b/hag/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is rebuking the people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a s # this house the temple of Yahweh - diff --git a/hag/01/05.md b/hag/01/05.md index 71f6ccec09..6e800bfc15 100644 --- a/hag/01/05.md +++ b/hag/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Consider your ways "Think carefully about how you are living" - diff --git a/hag/01/06.md b/hag/01/06.md index 9a7dd677c5..023432347e 100644 --- a/hag/01/06.md +++ b/hag/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ There is not enough wine to satisfy the people's thirst and not nearly enough fo # the wage earner earns money only to put it into a bag full of holes Not earning enough money to buy necessary goods is spoken of as if the person were losing the money that falls out through holes in the money bag. Alternate translation: "the money the worker earns is gone before he finishes buying everything he needs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hag/01/07.md b/hag/01/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hag/01/07.md +++ b/hag/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hag/01/08.md b/hag/01/08.md index b9deef0a60..905c5aa46c 100644 --- a/hag/01/08.md +++ b/hag/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bring timber This represents only a part of what they needed to build the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/hag/01/09.md b/hag/01/09.md index fcf9b64aa9..c77985db80 100644 --- a/hag/01/09.md +++ b/hag/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # runs to his own house "is always working to build his own house." The word "runs" emphasizes that the people consider building their own houses the most important thing they can do. - diff --git a/hag/01/10.md b/hag/01/10.md index 3935796871..cde338b87f 100644 --- a/hag/01/10.md +++ b/hag/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The dew that appears at night is spoken of as if it formed in the sky and fell l # the earth withholds its produce The earth is spoken of as if it were a person who refused to give a present or a parent who refused to feed his child. Alternate translation: "the earth does not allow food you grow" or "no food grows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hag/01/11.md b/hag/01/11.md index 521fda3223..3264b1fb3e 100644 --- a/hag/01/11.md +++ b/hag/01/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Rain not falling for a long time is spoken of as if Yahweh had told a person to # all the labor of your hands The abstract noun "labor" can be translated using the phrase "work hard." The labor that the hands perform is a metonym for the things that the labor produces. The hand is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "everything you have worked hard to make" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hag/01/12.md b/hag/01/12.md index 06082057aa..e8d81f6c10 100644 --- a/hag/01/12.md +++ b/hag/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The voice and the words are metonyms for the persons. Alternate translation: "ob # the people feared the face of Yahweh Possible meanings are 1) the face could be a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "the people feared Yahweh" or 2) the face could be a metonym for the person's presence. Alternate translation: "the people were afraid to be in Yahweh's presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hag/01/13.md b/hag/01/13.md index 4e52063c97..dfa9259efe 100644 --- a/hag/01/13.md +++ b/hag/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" - diff --git a/hag/01/14.md b/hag/01/14.md index f35c270632..beaaac107c 100644 --- a/hag/01/14.md +++ b/hag/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Stirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. Alternate trans # remnant people who were still alive after being captive in Babylon and had returned to Jerusalem - diff --git a/hag/01/15.md b/hag/01/15.md index b8f10294c6..e46171b233 100644 --- a/hag/01/15.md +++ b/hag/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is just 23 days after he received the vision. This is the sixth month of th # the second year of Darius the king "second year of the reign of Darius the king" or "after Darius had been king for more than one year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/hag/01/intro.md b/hag/01/intro.md index 3d6258aa74..e78f220f74 100644 --- a/hag/01/intro.md +++ b/hag/01/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Haggai 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Farming imagery -#### Farming imagery Scripture frequently uses the imagery of farming in reference to spiritual matters. The statement "You have sown much seed, but bring in little harvest" indicates that they had done a lot but have very little to show for it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/seed]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +16,3 @@ Scripture frequently uses the imagery of farming in reference to spiritual matte * __[Haggai intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hag/02/01.md b/hag/02/01.md index c1afc2af25..f0a2dbb83e 100644 --- a/hag/02/01.md +++ b/hag/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hand" refers to Haggai himself. Yahweh used Haggai as the agent t # Haggai See how you translated this man's name in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/02.md b/hag/02/02.md index a505f3116a..b75368aec0 100644 --- a/hag/02/02.md +++ b/hag/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a urgent exhortation. # Zerubbabel ... Shealtiel ... Joshua ... Jozadak See how you translated these men's names in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/03.md b/hag/02/03.md index 5ec8428ca1..c7e9f581d6 100644 --- a/hag/02/03.md +++ b/hag/02/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh is telling them that he knows what they are thinking about the new temple # Is it not like nothing in your eyes? Yahweh is telling the people that he understands that they are disappointed because the new temple is so small. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I know that you think it is not important at all." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/04.md b/hag/02/04.md index 3845660a13..845f5fcf5f 100644 --- a/hag/02/04.md +++ b/hag/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/05.md b/hag/02/05.md index 129fcc89f7..56ebdd8d07 100644 --- a/hag/02/05.md +++ b/hag/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my Spirit stands among you Possible meanings are 1) "my Spirit lives among you" or "my Spirit will fight against your enemies" as a helper, or 2) "my Spirit is a witness to you," testifying that God is still with them. - diff --git a/hag/02/06.md b/hag/02/06.md index 92d6558c31..94a04079dd 100644 --- a/hag/02/06.md +++ b/hag/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "I will shake the earth" could be translated as "I will cause an earth # shake Use the verb you usually use for pushing trees back and forth to get fruit or other objects to fall from them. - diff --git a/hag/02/07.md b/hag/02/07.md index 1d03a5a4b3..d2ef88808c 100644 --- a/hag/02/07.md +++ b/hag/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The metaphor that begins with the words "I will ... shake the heavens" in verse # I will fill this house with glory Yahweh speaks of glory as if it were a solid or liquid that could be put into a container, the temple. Possible meanings are 1) the temple will become very beautiful. Alternate translation: "I will make this house very beautiful" or 2) the "precious things" that "every nation will bring" include much silver and gold and other forms of wealth. Alternate translation: "I will have people bring many beautiful things into this house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/08.md b/hag/02/08.md index a040f4b252..7126098a17 100644 --- a/hag/02/08.md +++ b/hag/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/09.md b/hag/02/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hag/02/09.md +++ b/hag/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hag/02/10.md b/hag/02/10.md index faa83e693d..ba17ab40c4 100644 --- a/hag/02/10.md +++ b/hag/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[r # the word of Yahweh came This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message" or "Yawheh spoke this message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/11.md b/hag/02/11.md index f96c10839e..47d4468951 100644 --- a/hag/02/11.md +++ b/hag/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ask the priests This is an urgent exhortation. - diff --git a/hag/02/12.md b/hag/02/12.md index b9765bf27f..c36bae9095 100644 --- a/hag/02/12.md +++ b/hag/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # meat that is set apart to Yahweh ... holy The words "that is set apart to Yahweh" and the word "holy" translate the same Hebrew word. "holy meat ... holy" - diff --git a/hag/02/13.md b/hag/02/13.md index fe4f5c014d..c4169afa2c 100644 --- a/hag/02/13.md +++ b/hag/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of death "because he has touched a dead body" - diff --git a/hag/02/14.md b/hag/02/14.md index 25cd0b00a2..1b8a3ee589 100644 --- a/hag/02/14.md +++ b/hag/02/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # the work of their hands The hands are a synecdoche for the people whose hands they are. Alternate translation: "everything they have done" or "everything they make with their hands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/15.md b/hag/02/15.md index bd4e9cfd46..691cc23c6d 100644 --- a/hag/02/15.md +++ b/hag/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an urgent exhortation. # Before stone was placed upon stone in the temple This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Before you laid the first stones for the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/16.md b/hag/02/16.md index 4c0d0edb2a..f569c4f13c 100644 --- a/hag/02/16.md +++ b/hag/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fifty measures "50 measures." A "measure" is an unknown amount. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/17.md b/hag/02/17.md index 44eeb0a873..315a2402db 100644 --- a/hag/02/17.md +++ b/hag/02/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/18.md b/hag/02/18.md index dffb8770eb..0465136c64 100644 --- a/hag/02/18.md +++ b/hag/02/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near th # the day that the foundation of the temple of Yahweh was laid This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the day that you laid the foundation of Yahweh's temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/19.md b/hag/02/19.md index e51bec2739..df3f84c442 100644 --- a/hag/02/19.md +++ b/hag/02/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a type of sweet fruit. You may need to make explicit that the tree is be # have not borne "have not produced fruit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/20.md b/hag/02/20.md index 37496dd0d3..f1f6c02379 100644 --- a/hag/02/20.md +++ b/hag/02/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01. # on the twenty-fourth day of the month You may need to make explicit which month is spoken of. Alternate translation: "on the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/21.md b/hag/02/21.md index 090c62820a..d9dc1d4df4 100644 --- a/hag/02/21.md +++ b/hag/02/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Use the verb you usually use for pushing trees back and forth to get fruit or ot # the heavens and the earth This is a merism for "the whole universe" or "everything that exists." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/22.md b/hag/02/22.md index 78f24e0fbe..72baa92702 100644 --- a/hag/02/22.md +++ b/hag/02/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that "the nations" are Israel's enemies. Alternate # each one because of his brother's sword The sword here is a metonym for violent death. Alternate translation: "each one because his brother has killed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/23.md b/hag/02/23.md index 11bdcfe303..b133a73c5c 100644 --- a/hag/02/23.md +++ b/hag/02/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # I will make you like a signet ring Kings used a signet ring to seal documents to show that they truly had his authority. Zerubbabel would have authority from Yahweh because he would speak Yahweh's words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hag/02/intro.md b/hag/02/intro.md index 8affe33383..e1f9e2e991 100644 --- a/hag/02/intro.md +++ b/hag/02/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Haggai 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 2:3-9, 21-23. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Unclean -Haggai uses an extended metaphor in this chapter related to ritual cleanliness. While the Jews were not unclean by nature as the Gentiles were, their actions made them unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) +### Unclean + +Haggai uses an extended metaphor in this chapter related to ritual cleanliness. While the Jews were not unclean by nature as the Gentiles were, their actions made them unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) ## Links: * __[Haggai 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/hag/front/intro.md b/hag/front/intro.md index d6f07b3234..5bbd9cf5e2 100644 --- a/hag/front/intro.md +++ b/hag/front/intro.md @@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ 1. The people must finish the temple for Yahweh to bless them again (1:1–15) 1. This temple will be more glorious than the first temple (2:1–9) 1. Yahweh will bless a defiled people (2:10–19) -1. Yahweh will defeat the nations and establish his ruler (2:20–23) +1. Yahweh will defeat the nations and establish his ruler (2:20–23) ### What is the Book of Haggai about? -The people of Israel lacked food and warm clothes. The prophet Haggai told them it was because they were not obeying Yahweh. If they would listen to him and start rebuilding the temple, then Yahweh would send rain and bless them again. The people listened and began to work on the temple. Yahweh encouraged the people, the priests, and the leaders. He told them that he was with them and would bless them. +The people of Israel lacked food and warm clothes. The prophet Haggai told them it was because they were not obeying Yahweh. If they would listen to him and start rebuilding the temple, then Yahweh would send rain and bless them again. The people listened and began to work on the temple. Yahweh encouraged the people, the priests, and the leaders. He told them that he was with them and would bless them. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -34,4 +34,3 @@ It is likely that Haggai prophesied before the time of Ezra and Nehemiah. ### What does "consider your ways" mean? Yahweh told the people to "consider your ways" several times in this book. This means that he wants them to think carefully about how they have lived and behaved. - diff --git a/heb/01/01.md b/heb/01/01.md index 6c6924d53c..b40085ffc9 100644 --- a/heb/01/01.md +++ b/heb/01/01.md @@ -2,4 +2,3 @@ Although this letter does not mention to whom it was sent, the author wrote particularly to Hebrews (Jews), who would have understood the many Old Testament references. This prologue provides the background for the whole book: the unsurpassing greatness of the Son, who is greater than all. The book begins by emphasizing that the Son is better than the prophets and the angels. - diff --git a/heb/01/02.md b/heb/01/02.md index 268e849ee1..07de95f4e3 100644 --- a/heb/01/02.md +++ b/heb/01/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author speaks of the Son as if he will inherit wealth and property from his # It is through him that God also made the universe "It is through the Son that God also made all things" - diff --git a/heb/01/03.md b/heb/01/03.md index 8ba2c3c5db..0f1a10e1bd 100644 --- a/heb/01/03.md +++ b/heb/01/03.md @@ -20,9 +20,8 @@ The author speaks of forgiving sins as if it were making a person clean. Alterna # he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high -To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "he sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the Majesty on high" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate:translate_symaction]]) +To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "he sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the Majesty on high" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) # the Majesty on high Here "Majesty" refers to God. Alternate translation: "God Most High" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/04.md b/heb/01/04.md index b163b0db8b..79dc2cd33a 100644 --- a/heb/01/04.md +++ b/heb/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" refers to honor and authority. Alternate translation: "as the honor # he has inherited The author speaks of receiving honor and authority from his father as if it were inheriting wealth and property from his father. Alternate translation: "he has received" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/05.md b/heb/01/05.md index 89ee67c6b1..3023f88ffb 100644 --- a/heb/01/05.md +++ b/heb/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question emphasizes that God does not call any angel his Son. Alternate tra # You are my Son ... I have become your Father These two phrases mean essentially the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/06.md b/heb/01/06.md index 7847a6fa90..7d351c0107 100644 --- a/heb/01/06.md +++ b/heb/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means Jesus. The author refers to him as the "firstborn" to emphasize the S # he says "God says" - diff --git a/heb/01/07.md b/heb/01/07.md index 719eb88157..ad5241f085 100644 --- a/heb/01/07.md +++ b/heb/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The quotation, "He is the one who makes ... fire," is from the Psalms. # He is the one who makes his angels spirits, and his servants flames of fire Possible meanings are 1) "God has made his angels to be spirits who serve him with power like flames of fire" or 2) God makes the wind and flames of fire his messengers and servants. In the original language the word for "angel" is the same as "messenger," and the word for "spirits" is the same as "wind." With either possible meaning, the point is that the angels serve the Son because he is superior. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/08.md b/heb/01/08.md index a9efbb3efa..bdd9f68ca1 100644 --- a/heb/01/08.md +++ b/heb/01/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Son's throne represents his rule. Alternate translation: "You are God, and y # The scepter of justice is the scepter of your kingdom Here "scepter" refers to the Son's rule. Alternate translation: "And you will rule over your kingdom with justice" or "And you will rule over the people of your kingdom justly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/09.md b/heb/01/09.md index bc3ee7667f..4e81be4f13 100644 --- a/heb/01/09.md +++ b/heb/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has anointed you with the oil of joy more than your companions Here "oil of joy" refers to the joy that the Son felt when God honored him. Alternate translation: "has honored you and made you more joyful than anyone else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/10.md b/heb/01/10.md index 30216a9901..cc3663654f 100644 --- a/heb/01/10.md +++ b/heb/01/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The author speaks of God creating the earth as if he built a building on a found # The heavens are the work of your hands Here "hands" refer to God's power and action. Alternate translation: "You made the heavens" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/11.md b/heb/01/11.md index d52ce15686..961edad3c9 100644 --- a/heb/01/11.md +++ b/heb/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # wear out like a piece of clothing The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were a piece of clothing that will get old and eventually become useless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/12.md b/heb/01/12.md index f469b5a838..74991869e7 100644 --- a/heb/01/12.md +++ b/heb/01/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will change them" # your years do not end Periods of time are used to represent God's eternal existence. Alternate translation: "your life will never end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/13.md b/heb/01/13.md index 04c42417a2..bc57b40181 100644 --- a/heb/01/13.md +++ b/heb/01/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor # until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet Christ's enemies are spoken of as if they will become an object on which a king rests his feet. This image represents defeat and dishonor for his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/14.md b/heb/01/14.md index 243b50c6e4..610753e95d 100644 --- a/heb/01/14.md +++ b/heb/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author uses this question to remind the readers that angels are not as power # for those who will inherit salvation Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: "for those whom God will save" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/01/intro.md b/heb/01/intro.md index cd5deb4964..6746672d03 100644 --- a/heb/01/intro.md +++ b/heb/01/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Hebrews 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter describes how Jesus is more important to us than the angels are. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:5, 7-13, which is from the Old Testament. -#### "Our ancestors" +### "Our ancestors" -The writer wrote this letter to Christians who had grown up as Jews. This is why the letter is called "Hebrews." +The writer wrote this letter to Christians who had grown up as Jews. This is why the letter is called "Hebrews." -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions The author uses rhetorical questions as a way of proving Jesus is better than the angels. Both he and the readers know the answers to the questions, and the writer knows that as the readers think about the answers to the questions, they will realize that God's Son is more important than any of the angels. -#### Poetry +### Poetry Jewish teachers, like the Old Testament prophets, would put their most important teachings in the form of poetry so that the hearers would be able to learn and remember them. @@ -26,4 +26,3 @@ Jewish teachers, like the Old Testament prophets, would put their most important * __[Hebrews intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/02/01.md b/heb/02/01.md index 8794e5c355..c70c05763e 100644 --- a/heb/02/01.md +++ b/heb/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "we" refers to the author and includes his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # so that we do not drift away from it Possible meanings for this metaphor are 1) people who stop believing in God's word are spoken of as if they were drifting away, like a boat drifts from its position in the water. Alternate translation: "so that we do not stop believing it" or 2) people who stop obeying God's words are spoken of as if they were drifting away, like a boat drifts from its position in the water. Alternate translation: "so that we do not stop obeying it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/02.md b/heb/02/02.md index df1e63e0ef..bec3fd30bf 100644 --- a/heb/02/02.md +++ b/heb/02/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-d # repayment This is a general term, but you may need to make explicit that the "repayment" here is just punishment. Alternate translation: "punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/03.md b/heb/02/03.md index a1226227e5..baeb48e518 100644 --- a/heb/02/03.md +++ b/heb/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses a question to emphasize that the people will certainly receive p # This is salvation that was first announced by the Lord and confirmed to us by those who heard it This can be stated in active form. The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "The Lord himself first announced the message about how God will save us and then those who heard the message confirmed it to us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/04.md b/heb/02/04.md index 0aa6c8f49b..5d49893e05 100644 --- a/heb/02/04.md +++ b/heb/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # according to his will "in just the way he wanted to do it" - diff --git a/heb/02/05.md b/heb/02/05.md index b300266457..37433d0d97 100644 --- a/heb/02/05.md +++ b/heb/02/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer reminds these Hebrew believers that the earth will one day be under t # the world to come Here "world" refers to the people who live there. And "to come" means that this is the world in the next age after Christ returns. Alternate translation: "the people who will live in the new world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/06.md b/heb/02/06.md index 539fa1026d..b311e53ea0 100644 --- a/heb/02/06.md +++ b/heb/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The idiom "son of man" refers to human beings. This rhetorical question means ba # Or a son of man The verb may be supplied from the previous question. Alternate translation: "Or what is a son of man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/07.md b/heb/02/07.md index 65a061391e..b8bbe6368e 100644 --- a/heb/02/07.md +++ b/heb/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here, these phrases do not refer to a specific person but to humans in general, # you crowned him with glory and honor The gifts of glory and honor are spoken of as if they were a wreath of leaves placed on the head of a victorious athlete. Alternate translation: "you have given them great glory and honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/08.md b/heb/02/08.md index ac7e4f18f4..544ca9c521 100644 --- a/heb/02/08.md +++ b/heb/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes the positive. This can be stated in positive for # we do not yet see everything subjected to him "we know that humans are not in control of everything yet" - diff --git a/heb/02/09.md b/heb/02/09.md index 3812ae58b7..4fc19cd7cf 100644 --- a/heb/02/09.md +++ b/heb/02/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [Hebrews 2:7](../02/07.md). # he might taste death The experience of death is spoken of as if it were food that people can taste. Alternate translation: "he might experience death" or "he might die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/10.md b/heb/02/10.md index 68662386c0..500d8587ca 100644 --- a/heb/02/10.md +++ b/heb/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings of this metaphor are 1) the author speaks of Jesus as the one # complete Becoming mature and completely trained is spoken of as if a person were made complete, perhaps complete in all his body parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/11.md b/heb/02/11.md index 36be7869fc..aa75c2ca59 100644 --- a/heb/02/11.md +++ b/heb/02/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This litotes means that he will claim them as his brothers. Alternate translatio # brothers Here this refers to all who have believed in Jesus, including both men and women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/12.md b/heb/02/12.md index d4351205b2..fd7fca87be 100644 --- a/heb/02/12.md +++ b/heb/02/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" refers to the person's reputation and what they have done. Alternate # from inside the assembly "when believers come together to worship God" - diff --git a/heb/02/13.md b/heb/02/13.md index 3b8da19caf..b68160e20f 100644 --- a/heb/02/13.md +++ b/heb/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophet Isaiah wrote these quotations. # the children This speaks about those who believe in Christ as if they were children. Alternate translation: "those who are like my children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/14.md b/heb/02/14.md index 0be3d10308..cf492fc781 100644 --- a/heb/02/14.md +++ b/heb/02/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "death" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "by dying" (See: [[ # has the power of death Here "death" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "has the power to cause people to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/15.md b/heb/02/15.md index 16225145f7..d24eeed8a5 100644 --- a/heb/02/15.md +++ b/heb/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was so that he would free all those who through fear of death lived all their lives subject to slavery The fear of death is spoken of as if it were making people live as slaves. Taking away someone's fear is spoken of as it were freeing that person from slavery. Alternate translation: "This was so he might free all people. For we lived like slaves because we were afraid of dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/16.md b/heb/02/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/02/16.md +++ b/heb/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/02/17.md b/heb/02/17.md index 1a7d79796f..1b9f603134 100644 --- a/heb/02/17.md +++ b/heb/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "brothers" refers to people in general. Alternate translation: "like human # he could make atonement for the sins of the people Christ's death on the cross means that God can forgive sins. Alternate translation: "he could make it possible for God to forgive people's sins" - diff --git a/heb/02/18.md b/heb/02/18.md index 0e2f3c1e04..650f3a34a2 100644 --- a/heb/02/18.md +++ b/heb/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Satan tempted him" (S # who are tempted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Satan is tempting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/02/intro.md b/heb/02/intro.md index f4d5336195..0ea7c4bf81 100644 --- a/heb/02/intro.md +++ b/heb/02/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,15 @@ # Hebrews 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 2:6-8, 12-13, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Brothers +### Brothers The author probably uses the term "brothers" to refer to Christians who grew up as Jews. * __[Hebrews 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/03/01.md b/heb/03/01.md index 17544c3b97..9e73a96d89 100644 --- a/heb/03/01.md +++ b/heb/03/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "apostle" means someone who has been sent. In this passage, it doe # of our confession This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "confession" is expressed as the verb "confess." Alternate translation: "whom we confess" or "in whom we believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/02.md b/heb/03/02.md index 7501b331c7..83c184cebc 100644 --- a/heb/03/02.md +++ b/heb/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in all the house of God The Hebrew people to whom God revealed himself are spoken of as if they were a literal house. Alternate translation: "to all of God's people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/03.md b/heb/03/03.md index 5d02a3ff65..2ea0359853 100644 --- a/heb/03/03.md +++ b/heb/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus has been considered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has considered Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/04.md b/heb/03/04.md index b36e592ffb..518dac743b 100644 --- a/heb/03/04.md +++ b/heb/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's acts of creating the world are spoken of as if they were the actions of bu # every house is built by someone This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "every house has someone who built it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/05.md b/heb/03/05.md index db112527e3..2ef770ff6b 100644 --- a/heb/03/05.md +++ b/heb/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase probably refers to all of Moses's work. This can be stated as a new # were to be spoken of in the future This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God would speak about in the future" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/06.md b/heb/03/06.md index 4517c5b1ff..9e9b2ca536 100644 --- a/heb/03/06.md +++ b/heb/03/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of God's people as if they were a literal house. Alternate translati # if we hold firmly to our courage and the hope of which we boast Here "hope" means "a confident expectation." Here "courage" and "hope" are abstract nouns and can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "if we continue to be courageous and joyfully expect God to do what he has promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/07.md b/heb/03/07.md index b2584587e6..8083451e25 100644 --- a/heb/03/07.md +++ b/heb/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The warning here is a reminder that the Israelites' unbelief kept almost all of # if you hear his voice God's "voice" represents him speaking. Alternate translation: "when you hear God speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/08.md b/heb/03/08.md index 62795f9d90..98db80934a 100644 --- a/heb/03/08.md +++ b/heb/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's mind. The phrase "harden your hearts" # as in the rebellion, in the time of testing in the wilderness Here "rebellion" and "testing" can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "as when your ancestors rebelled against God and tested him in the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/09.md b/heb/03/09.md index 7e8e56c653..2d466a3716 100644 --- a/heb/03/09.md +++ b/heb/03/09.md @@ -9,6 +9,3 @@ Here "your" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # by testing me Here "me" refers to God. - - - diff --git a/heb/03/10.md b/heb/03/10.md index aeae41cbad..39ab0d6e01 100644 --- a/heb/03/10.md +++ b/heb/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "gone astray in their hearts" is a metaphor for not being loyal to God. Her # They have not known my ways This speaks of a manner of conducting one's life as if it were a way or a path. Alternate translation: "They have not understood how I want them to conduct their lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/11.md b/heb/03/11.md index 7c05e3c273..73ccc74545 100644 --- a/heb/03/11.md +++ b/heb/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will never enter my rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "They will never enter the place of rest" or "I will never allow them to experience my blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/12.md b/heb/03/12.md index 4267fe079e..bc97bafc69 100644 --- a/heb/03/12.md +++ b/heb/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym that represents a person's mind or will. Refusing to b # the living God "the true God who is really alive" - diff --git a/heb/03/13.md b/heb/03/13.md index be0869a572..c751839cbb 100644 --- a/heb/03/13.md +++ b/heb/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the deceitfulness of # no one among you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin Being stubborn is spoken of as being hard or having a hard heart. The hardness is a result of being deceived by sin. This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "deceitfulness" is expressed as the verb "deceive." Alternate translation: "no one among you will be deceived by sin and become stubborn" or "you do not sin, deceiving yourselves so that you become stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/14.md b/heb/03/14.md index 9306226278..69d1bd33b4 100644 --- a/heb/03/14.md +++ b/heb/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "we" refers to both the writer and the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # to the end This is a polite way of referring to when a person dies. Alternate translation: "until we die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/15.md b/heb/03/15.md index f117f2e39a..b5ffcaec44 100644 --- a/heb/03/15.md +++ b/heb/03/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God's "voice" represents him speaking. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3 # as in the rebellion Here "rebellion" can be stated as a verb. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: "as when your ancestors rebelled against God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/16.md b/heb/03/16.md index f8933d69a4..b782977415 100644 --- a/heb/03/16.md +++ b/heb/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who was it who heard God and rebelled? Was it not all those who came out of Egypt through Moses? The author uses questions to teach his readers. These two questions can be joined as one statement, if needed. Alternate translation: "All those who came out of Egypt with Moses heard God, yet they still rebelled." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/17.md b/heb/03/17.md index 62aad143ab..9e147b512f 100644 --- a/heb/03/17.md +++ b/heb/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author uses questions to teach his readers. These two questions can be joine # forty years "40 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/18.md b/heb/03/18.md index 3634ca3fca..d67e69bfd5 100644 --- a/heb/03/18.md +++ b/heb/03/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that h # they The word "they" refers to the disobedient Israelites. - diff --git a/heb/03/19.md b/heb/03/19.md index c113a84e5d..54b27b1480 100644 --- a/heb/03/19.md +++ b/heb/03/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "we" refers to the author and readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-excl # because of unbelief The abstract noun "unbelief" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "because they did not believe him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/03/intro.md b/heb/03/intro.md index 2b43c394b9..745bca4ca7 100644 --- a/heb/03/intro.md +++ b/heb/03/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,24 @@ # Hebrews 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is about how Jesus is better than Moses, the greatest Israelite in the Old Testament. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:7-11,15, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Brothers +### Brothers The author probably uses the term "brothers" to refer to Christians who grew up as Jews. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Harden your hearts +### Harden your hearts A person who hardens his heart is a person who will not listen to or obey God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions The author uses rhetorical questions as a way of warning his readers. Both he and the readers know the answers to the questions, and the writer knows that as the readers think about the answers to the questions, they will realize that they need to listen to God and obey him. @@ -27,4 +27,3 @@ The author uses rhetorical questions as a way of warning his readers. Both he an * __[Hebrews 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/04/01.md b/heb/04/01.md index fd803ff741..0ac1b38ffb 100644 --- a/heb/04/01.md +++ b/heb/04/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that h # none of you may seem to have fallen short of it God's promise is spoken of as if it were a place to which people were trying to go. Alternate translation: "none of you fail to enter into God's rest, which he promised to us" or "God allows you all to enter into his rest as he promised us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/02.md b/heb/04/02.md index 6f2d0103d1..52ed764fbc 100644 --- a/heb/04/02.md +++ b/heb/04/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author is talking about two groups of people, those who received God's coven # unite join - diff --git a/heb/04/03.md b/heb/04/03.md index 12e3b4c3a1..413de5d3d9 100644 --- a/heb/04/03.md +++ b/heb/04/03.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he finished creating" # from the foundation of the world The author speaks of the world as if it were a building set on a foundation. Alternate translation: "at the beginning of the world" or "from the time he created the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/04.md b/heb/04/04.md index 6ef863fd7d..58f47a4829 100644 --- a/heb/04/04.md +++ b/heb/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The quotation, "God rested on ... works," is from Moses's writings. # the seventh day The word "seventh" is the ordinal number for "seven." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/05.md b/heb/04/05.md index 54376222cc..c0422f73ac 100644 --- a/heb/04/05.md +++ b/heb/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This quotation, "They will never enter ... rest," is from a psalm. - diff --git a/heb/04/06.md b/heb/04/06.md index 15fdb02517..5492da39c9 100644 --- a/heb/04/06.md +++ b/heb/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it remains for some to enter that rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God still allows some people to enter his place of rest" or "God still allows some people to experience his blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/07.md b/heb/04/07.md index 8baa3cf793..6d214c2202 100644 --- a/heb/04/07.md +++ b/heb/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's commands to Israel are spoken of as if he had given them in an audible voi # do not harden your hearts Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's mind. The phrase "harden your hearts" is a metaphor for being stubborn. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: "do not be stubborn" or "do not refuse to listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/08.md b/heb/04/08.md index 84562b83da..b84b9e2a06 100644 --- a/heb/04/08.md +++ b/heb/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the writer warns believers not to disobey but to enter into the rest God of # if Joshua had given them rest A person causing someone to rest is spoken of as if the person were giving someone rest. Alternate translation: "if Joshua had been able to cause the people to rest" or "if the Israelites during the time of Joshua had experienced God's blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/09.md b/heb/04/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/04/09.md +++ b/heb/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/04/10.md b/heb/04/10.md index f07356ba52..d79a76cfea 100644 --- a/heb/04/10.md +++ b/heb/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he who enters into God's rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they are a place to enter. Alternate translation: "the person who enters into God's place of rest" or "the person who experiences God's blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/11.md b/heb/04/11.md index 2bc4069e7e..345e89bf61 100644 --- a/heb/04/11.md +++ b/heb/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Disobedience is spoken of as if it were a hole that a person could physically fa # that they did Here "they" refers to the Hebrews' ancestors during the time of Moses. - diff --git a/heb/04/12.md b/heb/04/12.md index 8de746d4b5..d6b8912be0 100644 --- a/heb/04/12.md +++ b/heb/04/12.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ This speaks about God's word as if it were a person who could know something. Al # the thoughts and intentions of the heart "Heart" here is a metonym for "inner self." Alternate translation: "what a person is thinking and intends to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/13.md b/heb/04/13.md index 3a4fe03da0..03069e99fb 100644 --- a/heb/04/13.md +++ b/heb/04/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that nothing is hidd # to the eyes of the one to whom we must give an account God is spoken of as if he had eyes. Alternate translation: "to God, who will judge how we have lived" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/14.md b/heb/04/14.md index e650c4a8a5..d7206967fc 100644 --- a/heb/04/14.md +++ b/heb/04/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sono # let us firmly hold to our confession The word "confession" is a metonym for what a person believes and confesses. This is spoken of as if it were an object that a person could grasp firmly. Alternate translation: "let us continue to believe confidently in him, as we say that we do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/15.md b/heb/04/15.md index cb5a4a4918..25e06cd03f 100644 --- a/heb/04/15.md +++ b/heb/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who has endured tempt # he is without sin "he did not sin" - diff --git a/heb/04/16.md b/heb/04/16.md index 30c4de589d..e1488ab1d9 100644 --- a/heb/04/16.md +++ b/heb/04/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need Here "mercy" and "grace" are spoken of as if they were objects that can be given or can be found. Alternate translation: "God may be merciful and gracious and help us in time of need" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/04/intro.md b/heb/04/intro.md index 4aae18c5ea..a87a278419 100644 --- a/heb/04/intro.md +++ b/heb/04/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Hebrews 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter tells why Jesus is the greatest high priest. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 4:3-4, 7, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### God's rest +### God's rest The word "rest" seems to refer to at least two things in this chapter. It refers to a place or time when God will allow his people to rest from their work ([Hebrews 4:3](../../heb/04/03.md)), and it refers to God resting on the seventh day ([Hebrews 4:4](../../heb/04/04.md)). @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "rest" seems to refer to at least two things in this chapter. It refers * __[Hebrews 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/05/01.md b/heb/05/01.md index 84cd3026e0..c6937d74a4 100644 --- a/heb/05/01.md +++ b/heb/05/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God appoints" (See: [ # so that he may offer The word "he" refers to a high priest. - diff --git a/heb/05/02.md b/heb/05/02.md index 684f3e62b1..1f64d12bb2 100644 --- a/heb/05/02.md +++ b/heb/05/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The high priest's own weakness is spoken of as if it were a another person who r # weakness the desire to sin - diff --git a/heb/05/03.md b/heb/05/03.md index cd939e310e..0ac78fc689 100644 --- a/heb/05/03.md +++ b/heb/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he also is required This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God also requires him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/04.md b/heb/05/04.md index 24a1c3fa4d..7130c8f519 100644 --- a/heb/05/04.md +++ b/heb/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "honor" or praise and respect that people gave to the high priest stand for # he is called by God, just as Aaron was This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God calls him, just as he called Aaron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/05.md b/heb/05/05.md index f7ab92d9d9..04e747d5e4 100644 --- a/heb/05/05.md +++ b/heb/05/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean essentially the same thing. See how you translated them i # Son ... Father These are important titles that describe the relationship between Jesus and God the Father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/06.md b/heb/05/06.md index c417cca0c7..597291098a 100644 --- a/heb/05/06.md +++ b/heb/05/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To whom God is speaking can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "he also s # after the manner of Melchizedek This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: "in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest" - diff --git a/heb/05/07.md b/heb/05/07.md index f119b8b0ae..68e21354e1 100644 --- a/heb/05/07.md +++ b/heb/05/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) God was able to save Christ so that he would not die. A # he was heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God heard him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/08.md b/heb/05/08.md index 472ad14237..c66f3d4768 100644 --- a/heb/05/08.md +++ b/heb/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/09.md b/heb/05/09.md index 63ab87427b..13397b9c33 100644 --- a/heb/05/09.md +++ b/heb/05/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this means being made mature, able to honor God in all aspects of life. # became, for everyone who obeys him, the cause of eternal salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "now he saves all who obey him and causes them to live forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/10.md b/heb/05/10.md index 47cb739ccd..7f6707f488 100644 --- a/heb/05/10.md +++ b/heb/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God designated him" o # as high priest after the manner of Melchizedek This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: "to be the sort of high priest that Melchizedek was" - diff --git a/heb/05/11.md b/heb/05/11.md index 9c14822129..569aceefa3 100644 --- a/heb/05/11.md +++ b/heb/05/11.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # Connecting Statement: Here the writer begins his third warning. He warns these believers that they are still not mature and encourages them to learn God's word so they can understand right from wrong. + # We have much to say Even though the author uses the plural pronoun "we," he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: "I have much to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ Even though the author uses the plural pronoun "we," he is most likely referring # you have become dull in hearing The ability to understand and obey is spoken of as if it were the ability to listen. And the ability to listen is spoken of as if it were a metal tool that becomes dull with use. Alternate translation: "you have trouble understanding it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/12.md b/heb/05/12.md index 83a8aff74d..5a03e7d3e7 100644 --- a/heb/05/12.md +++ b/heb/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Truths about God that are easy to understand are spoken of as if they were milk, # milk, not solid food Truths about God that are difficult to understand are spoken of as if they were solid food, suitable for adults. Alternate translation: "milk instead of solid food that adults can eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/13.md b/heb/05/13.md index 872e7944b4..79b163f702 100644 --- a/heb/05/13.md +++ b/heb/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "takes" stands for "drinks." Alternate translation: "drinks milk" (See: [[r # because he is still a little child Spiritual maturity is compared with the kind of food that a growing child eats. Solid food is not for a tiny baby, and that is a figure describing a young Christian who only learns simple truths; but later, more solid food is given to the little child, just as when a person matures he can learn about matters that are more difficult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/14.md b/heb/05/14.md index a92e9b42c4..1745016c81 100644 --- a/heb/05/14.md +++ b/heb/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who because of their maturity have their understanding trained for distinguishing good from evil People trained to understand something are spoken of as if their ability to understand had been trained. Alternate translation: "who are mature and can distinguish between good and evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/05/intro.md b/heb/05/intro.md index 5ca17e7558..4fafa43958 100644 --- a/heb/05/intro.md +++ b/heb/05/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,20 @@ # Hebrews 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is a continuation of the teaching of the previous chapter. +This chapter is a continuation of the teaching of the previous chapter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 5:5-6. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### High priest +### High priest Only a high priest could offer sacrifices so that God could forgive sins, so Jesus had to be a high priest. The law of Moses commanded that the high priest be from the tribe of Levi, but Jesus was from the tribe of Judah. God made him a priest like the priest Melchizedek, who lived at the time of Abraham, before there was a tribe of Levi. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Milk and solid food +### Milk and solid food The writer speaks of Christians who are only able to understand simple things about Jesus as if they were babies, who drink only milk and cannot eat solid food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -23,4 +23,3 @@ The writer speaks of Christians who are only able to understand simple things ab * __[Hebrews 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/06/01.md b/heb/06/01.md index 3913e1b981..06105e215f 100644 --- a/heb/06/01.md +++ b/heb/06/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The teachings of the faith are spoken of as if they were a building, and the bas # dead works Sinful deeds are spoken of as if they belonged to the world of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/02.md b/heb/06/02.md index 3bad7fbfec..7520e89025 100644 --- a/heb/06/02.md +++ b/heb/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The teachings of the faith are spoken of as if they were a building, and the bas # laying on of hands This practice was done to set someone apart for special service or position. - diff --git a/heb/06/03.md b/heb/06/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/06/03.md +++ b/heb/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/06/04.md b/heb/06/04.md index 31a1e33405..9782ad141d 100644 --- a/heb/06/04.md +++ b/heb/06/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Experiencing salvation is spoken of as if it were tasting food. Alternate transl # who were sharers of the Holy Spirit The Holy Spirit, who comes to believers, is spoken of as if he were an object that people could share. Alternate translation: "who received the Holy Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/05.md b/heb/06/05.md index 8c8295f2aa..a84ee1886d 100644 --- a/heb/06/05.md +++ b/heb/06/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Learning God's message is spoken of as if it were tasting food. Alternate transl # the powers of the age to come This means the power of God when his kingdom is fully present in all the world. In this sense, "the powers" refer to God himself, who holds all power. Alternate translation: "how God will work powerfully in the future" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/06.md b/heb/06/06.md index 5a0a7cafdf..4097bb7a07 100644 --- a/heb/06/06.md +++ b/heb/06/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ When people turn away from God, it is as though they crucify Jesus again. Altern # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/07.md b/heb/06/07.md index 5d234cfcb5..edab7d66a6 100644 --- a/heb/06/07.md +++ b/heb/06/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Rain and crops are seen as proof that God has helped the farmland. The farmland # a blessing from God Here "blessing" means help from God, not spoken words. - diff --git a/heb/06/08.md b/heb/06/08.md index 5e7db84678..9819e0ee50 100644 --- a/heb/06/08.md +++ b/heb/06/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of "curse" as if it were a place to which a person could draw near. # Its end is in burning The farmer will burn everything in the field. - diff --git a/heb/06/09.md b/heb/06/09.md index 5ad2bfddf1..392af4662f 100644 --- a/heb/06/09.md +++ b/heb/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means they are doing better than those who have rejected God, disobeyed him # things that concern salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "things that concern God saving you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/10.md b/heb/06/10.md index ec80561360..ccdac5e200 100644 --- a/heb/06/10.md +++ b/heb/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This double negative can mean that God in his justice will remember what good th # for his name God's "name" is a metonym that stands for God himself. Alternate translation: "for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/11.md b/heb/06/11.md index 312c81f91f..00e6d18b86 100644 --- a/heb/06/11.md +++ b/heb/06/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The implicit meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "to the en # in order to make your hope certain Here "hope" means "a confident expectation." Alternate translation: "in order to have complete certainty that you will receive what God has promised you" - diff --git a/heb/06/12.md b/heb/06/12.md index afbe16d002..55fc332c79 100644 --- a/heb/06/12.md +++ b/heb/06/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An "imitator" is someone who copies the behavior of someone else. # inherit the promises Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: "receive what God promised them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/13.md b/heb/06/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/06/13.md +++ b/heb/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/06/14.md b/heb/06/14.md index 28d73a57f8..19ef1d44cf 100644 --- a/heb/06/14.md +++ b/heb/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He said God said - diff --git a/heb/06/15.md b/heb/06/15.md index 8d1708bdd8..8b429368e4 100644 --- a/heb/06/15.md +++ b/heb/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was promised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God promised him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/16.md b/heb/06/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/06/16.md +++ b/heb/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/06/17.md b/heb/06/17.md index 499e05f455..36e5520559 100644 --- a/heb/06/17.md +++ b/heb/06/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people to whom God has made promises are spoken of as if they were to inheri # the unchangeable quality of his purpose "that his purpose would never change" or "that he would always do what he said he would do" - diff --git a/heb/06/18.md b/heb/06/18.md index d49e0215ad..085f0cfa68 100644 --- a/heb/06/18.md +++ b/heb/06/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "to hold firmly to the hope set before us" is a metaphor meaning to c # set before us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God has placed before us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/19.md b/heb/06/19.md index 18ed36e549..2a9bbfebca 100644 --- a/heb/06/19.md +++ b/heb/06/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Confidence is spoken of as if it were a person who could go into the most holy p # the inner place This was the most holy place in the temple. It was thought to be the place where God was most intensely present among his people. In this passage, this place stands for heaven and God's throne room. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/06/20.md b/heb/06/20.md index d9e5970080..8711501444 100644 --- a/heb/06/20.md +++ b/heb/06/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after the order of Melchizedek This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: "in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest" - diff --git a/heb/06/intro.md b/heb/06/intro.md index 1d3b2c4826..49ce97a469 100644 --- a/heb/06/intro.md +++ b/heb/06/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Hebrews 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Abrahamic Covenant +### Abrahamic Covenant In the covenant that God made with Abraham, God promised to make Abraham's descendants into a great nation. He also promised to protect Abraham's descendants and to give them land of their own. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ In the covenant that God made with Abraham, God promised to make Abraham's desce * __[Hebrews 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/07/01.md b/heb/07/01.md index 8f275530d4..e4bb36d37a 100644 --- a/heb/07/01.md +++ b/heb/07/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings This is refers to when Abraham and his men went and defeated the armies of four kings in order to rescue his nephew, Lot, and his family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/02.md b/heb/07/02.md index d74650f7f8..dd47d5329e 100644 --- a/heb/07/02.md +++ b/heb/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # king of righteousness ... king of peace "righteous king ... peaceful king" - diff --git a/heb/07/03.md b/heb/07/03.md index 1fd3c56340..2152b11bb6 100644 --- a/heb/07/03.md +++ b/heb/07/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is without father, without mother, without ancestors, with neither beginning of days nor end of life It is possible to think from this passage that Melchizedek was neither born nor did he die. However, it is likely that all the writer means is that the Scriptures provide no information about Melchizedek's ancestry, birth, or death. - diff --git a/heb/07/04.md b/heb/07/04.md index 7200d59fde..98b8e0e90a 100644 --- a/heb/07/04.md +++ b/heb/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer states that the priesthood of Melchizedek is better than Aaron's prie # this man was "Melchizedek was" - diff --git a/heb/07/05.md b/heb/07/05.md index 941110eccf..f4dda91c7f 100644 --- a/heb/07/05.md +++ b/heb/07/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author says this because not all of Levi's sons became priests. Alternate tr # from their brothers Here "brothers" means they are all related to each other through Abraham. Alternate translation: "from their relatives" - diff --git a/heb/07/06.md b/heb/07/06.md index d044be6782..e67e1ab578 100644 --- a/heb/07/06.md +++ b/heb/07/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the one who had the promises The things that God promised to do for Abraham are spoken of as if they were objects that he could possess. Alternate translation: the one to whom God had spoken his promises" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/07.md b/heb/07/07.md index a5e2d52765..572df91b81 100644 --- a/heb/07/07.md +++ b/heb/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the lesser person is blessed by the greater person This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the more important person blesses the less important person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/08.md b/heb/07/08.md index f5a39254e3..2ca954598c 100644 --- a/heb/07/08.md +++ b/heb/07/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases are used to compare the Levite priests with Melchizedek. Your lang # is testified that he lives on It is never explicitly written in scripture that Melchizedek dies. The author of Hebrews speaks of this absence of information about Melchizedek's death in scripture as if it were a positive statement that he is still alive. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "scripture shows that he lives on" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/09.md b/heb/07/09.md index 21c8b09f73..c439613a8d 100644 --- a/heb/07/09.md +++ b/heb/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Levi, who received tithes, also paid tithes through Abraham Since Levi had not been born yet, the author speaks of him as still being in Abraham's body. In this way, the author argues that Levi paid tithes to Melchizedek through Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/10.md b/heb/07/10.md index 9dcf95c56e..ecf5d327e5 100644 --- a/heb/07/10.md +++ b/heb/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Levi was in the body of his ancestor Since Levi had not been born yet, the author speaks of him as still being in Abraham's body. In this way, the author argues that Levi paid tithes to Melchizedek through Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/11.md b/heb/07/11.md index 80eb04e01f..a41e4225e8 100644 --- a/heb/07/11.md +++ b/heb/07/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a pr # not be considered to be after the manner of Aaron This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "not be after the manner of Aaron" or "who is not a priest like Aaron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/12.md b/heb/07/12.md index 3678fda06a..fdc2295ef9 100644 --- a/heb/07/12.md +++ b/heb/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For when the priesthood is changed, the law must also be changed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For when God changed the priesthood, he also had to change the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/13.md b/heb/07/13.md index 80f0010c49..6ef6e52cb5 100644 --- a/heb/07/13.md +++ b/heb/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Jesus. # about whom these things are said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "about whom I am speaking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/14.md b/heb/07/14.md index 9fcae2f54e..64b215c2f0 100644 --- a/heb/07/14.md +++ b/heb/07/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "our Lord" refer to Jesus. # from Judah "from the tribe of Judah" - diff --git a/heb/07/15.md b/heb/07/15.md index 78ac0d64b4..8998925b7c 100644 --- a/heb/07/15.md +++ b/heb/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the likeness of Melchizedek This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: "in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest" - diff --git a/heb/07/16.md b/heb/07/16.md index 7bdefb5e35..5887fe0908 100644 --- a/heb/07/16.md +++ b/heb/07/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He became priest, but it was not because he met the physical requrement. # a law of physical requirement This physical requirement is that only the descendants of priests could become priests. Alternate translation: "a law of human descent" or "a law that required priests to be descendants of priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/17.md b/heb/07/17.md index 7df345c18b..600c73574d 100644 --- a/heb/07/17.md +++ b/heb/07/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks about scripture as if it were a person who could witness about somet # according to the order of Melchizedek There were two groups of priests. One was made up of the descendants of Levi. The other was made up of Melchizedek and Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: "according to the line of Melchizedek" or "according to the priesthood of Melchizedek" - diff --git a/heb/07/18.md b/heb/07/18.md index 61626f502a..488b7f5959 100644 --- a/heb/07/18.md +++ b/heb/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer gives the first of two statements that explain [Hebrews 7:17](./17.md # has the former command been set aside Here "set aside" is a metaphor for making something invalid. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "has God made the commandment invalid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/19.md b/heb/07/19.md index 3584b91523..0797544381 100644 --- a/heb/07/19.md +++ b/heb/07/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hope" means "a confident expectation." This can be stated in active form. # through which we come near to God Worshiping God and having his favor are spoken of as coming near to him. Alternate translation: "and because of this hope we approach God" or "and because of this hope we worship God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/20.md b/heb/07/20.md index 7e1eef4cf3..c5f20a8ca5 100644 --- a/heb/07/20.md +++ b/heb/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # And it was not without an oath! The word "it" refers to the act of God choosing Jesus to be the eternal priest. This can be stated in positive form, and it can be stated clearly who made the oath. Alternate translation: "And God did not choose this new priest without swearing an oath!" or "And God showed how important it was by swearing an oath!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/21.md b/heb/07/21.md index 76c261ea08..e93932d626 100644 --- a/heb/07/21.md +++ b/heb/07/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This quote comes from the same psalm of David as [Hebrews 7:17](../07/17.md). - diff --git a/heb/07/22.md b/heb/07/22.md index aaa2d87b29..d37c188c9a 100644 --- a/heb/07/22.md +++ b/heb/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has given the guarantee of a better covenant "has told us that we can be sure that there will be a better covenant" - diff --git a/heb/07/23.md b/heb/07/23.md index 40af6a806a..8003fc4c45 100644 --- a/heb/07/23.md +++ b/heb/07/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer then assures these Jewish believers that Christ has the better priesthood because he lives forever and the priests that descended from Aaron all die, stopping them from continuing to be priests. - diff --git a/heb/07/24.md b/heb/07/24.md index 3819aa7f7d..329b62ee1a 100644 --- a/heb/07/24.md +++ b/heb/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he has a permanent priesthood A priest's work is spoken of as if it were an object that the priest possesses. This can be worded to avoid the abstract noun. Alternate translation: "he is a priest permanently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/25.md b/heb/07/25.md index bca412da7d..b7a4433560 100644 --- a/heb/07/25.md +++ b/heb/07/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can make explicit what "Therefore" implies. Alternate translation: "Because # those who approach God through him "those who come to God because of what Jesus has done" - diff --git a/heb/07/26.md b/heb/07/26.md index 746ce7ee33..27dd4f0c21 100644 --- a/heb/07/26.md +++ b/heb/07/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # exalted above the heavens "whom God has raised up to the highest heavens." The author speaks of possessing more honor and power than anyone else as if it were a position that is up above all things. Alternate translation: "whom God has given more honor and power than anyone else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/27.md b/heb/07/27.md index f4c9cd419c..be9459117d 100644 --- a/heb/07/27.md +++ b/heb/07/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here the words "He," "his," and "himself" refer to Christ. - diff --git a/heb/07/28.md b/heb/07/28.md index 21317db44f..77ccc1a04e 100644 --- a/heb/07/28.md +++ b/heb/07/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # who has been made perfect This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who has completely obeyed God and become mature" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/07/intro.md b/heb/07/intro.md index 46d18be96d..efee01c847 100644 --- a/heb/07/intro.md +++ b/heb/07/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Hebrews 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 7:17, 21, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### High priest +### High priest Only a high priest could offer sacrifices so that God could forgive sins, so Jesus had to be a high priest. The law of Moses commanded that the high priest be from the tribe of Levi, but Jesus was from the tribe of Judah. God made him a priest like the priest Melchizedek, who lived at the time of Abraham, before there was a tribe of Levi. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Only a high priest could offer sacrifices so that God could forgive sins, so Jes * __[Hebrews 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/08/01.md b/heb/08/01.md index e330b81443..5b704c753a 100644 --- a/heb/08/01.md +++ b/heb/08/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The author is including the readers here, so the word "we" is inclusive. (See: [ # sat down at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Hebrews 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the throne of the Majesty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/heb/08/02.md b/heb/08/02.md index cdb6492d0c..33e0bf81a3 100644 --- a/heb/08/02.md +++ b/heb/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the true tabernacle that the Lord, not a man, set up People built the earthly tabernacle out of animal skins fastened to a wooden framework, and they set it up in the manner of a tent. Here "true tabernacle" means the heavenly tabernacle that God created. - diff --git a/heb/08/03.md b/heb/08/03.md index ec539f1c23..a1fc1e6bd6 100644 --- a/heb/08/03.md +++ b/heb/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For every high priest is appointed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For God appoints every priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/08/04.md b/heb/08/04.md index 8e75f33269..df2ae77606 100644 --- a/heb/08/04.md +++ b/heb/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the import # according to the law "as God requires in the law" - diff --git a/heb/08/05.md b/heb/08/05.md index bbe2ea85a4..586e55b0ed 100644 --- a/heb/08/05.md +++ b/heb/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # They serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things + The words "copy" and "shadow" have similar meanings and are metaphors meaning that something is not the real thing but it is similar to the real thing. These words emphasize that the priesthood and the earthly temple were images of Christ, the true high priest, and the heavenly temple. Alternate translation: "They serve what is a vague image of the heavenly things" or "They serve what is only similar to the heavenly things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) # It is just as Moses was warned by God when he was @@ -24,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I showed you" (S # on the mountain You can make explicit that "mountain" refers to Mount Sinai. Alternate translation: "on Mount Sinai" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/heb/08/06.md b/heb/08/06.md index 902bd711e7..3e0044377a 100644 --- a/heb/08/06.md +++ b/heb/08/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A mediator is a person who helps two parties come to an agreement. Christ, as me # covenant, which is based on better promises This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "covenant. It was this covenant that God made based on better promises" or "covenant. God promised better things when he made this covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/08/07.md b/heb/08/07.md index 20bcf88700..ba4ebe425d 100644 --- a/heb/08/07.md +++ b/heb/08/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "first" and "second" are ordinal numbers. Alternate translation: "old # no occasion for a second would have been sought The word "second" also describes a "covenant." Alternate translation: "no one would have sought a way to establish a second covenant" or "there would have been no reason to establish a second covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/heb/08/08.md b/heb/08/08.md index acdd229c2b..e161e73b1c 100644 --- a/heb/08/08.md +++ b/heb/08/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In this quotation the prophet Jeremiah foretold of a new covenant that God would # the house of Israel and with the house of Judah The people of Israel and Judah are spoken of as if they were houses. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel and with the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/08/09.md b/heb/08/09.md index b6bc23bf42..8c89e85bd2 100644 --- a/heb/08/09.md +++ b/heb/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I took them by their hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt This metaphor represents God's great love and concern. Alternate translation: "I led them out of Egypt like a father leads his young child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/08/10.md b/heb/08/10.md index 9b0bd19f5a..654826ff12 100644 --- a/heb/08/10.md +++ b/heb/08/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's inner being. The phrase "write them on # they will be my people "they will be the people for whom I care" - diff --git a/heb/08/11.md b/heb/08/11.md index 738a48d39e..c033f9eeb2 100644 --- a/heb/08/11.md +++ b/heb/08/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Both of these refer to a fellow Israelite. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doubl # Know the Lord ... will all know me "Know" here stands for acknowledge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/08/12.md b/heb/08/12.md index 15a2683bdd..eda728fccc 100644 --- a/heb/08/12.md +++ b/heb/08/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This stands for the people who committed these evil deeds. Alternate translation # their sins I will not remember any longer Here "remember" stands for "think about." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/08/13.md b/heb/08/13.md index 2ba7801ef9..919d43a01f 100644 --- a/heb/08/13.md +++ b/heb/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # obsolete Something that is obsolete is no longer useful because people can now use something better. - diff --git a/heb/08/intro.md b/heb/08/intro.md index 622f56c3bd..39ad12e387 100644 --- a/heb/08/intro.md +++ b/heb/08/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Hebrews 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The author finishes describing how and why Jesus is the most important high priest. Then he begins to speak about how the new covenant is better to the covenant God made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 8:8-12, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### New covenant +### New covenant The author tells how Jesus has established a new covenant that is better than the covenant that God established with the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The author tells how Jesus has established a new covenant that is better than th * __[Hebrews 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/09/01.md b/heb/09/01.md index 2489de9a0e..56dad50092 100644 --- a/heb/09/01.md +++ b/heb/09/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md). # had regulations "had detailed instructions" or "had rules" - diff --git a/heb/09/02.md b/heb/09/02.md index feb9129e42..04e2037a72 100644 --- a/heb/09/02.md +++ b/heb/09/02.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ A tabernacle was constructed and made ready for use. This idea can be stated in Or "tent." This is perhaps a metaphor for a place in which the priests set the lampstand and other items. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -# The first room +# The first room "The first room." Some modern translations read the ellipsis as "The first room in the tabernacle" or "The first section of the tabernacle." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These objects are all accompanied by the definite article "the," because the aut # bread of the presence This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "presence" is expressed as the verb "display" or "present." Alternate translation: "bread on display before God" or "bread the priests presented to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/03.md b/heb/09/03.md index c28d64a097..0661c40f3b 100644 --- a/heb/09/03.md +++ b/heb/09/03.md @@ -5,5 +5,3 @@ The first curtain was the outer wall of the tabernacle, so the "second curtain" # second This is the ordinal word for the number two. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - - diff --git a/heb/09/04.md b/heb/09/04.md index e0137b6713..dbceedc9b6 100644 --- a/heb/09/04.md +++ b/heb/09/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was the rod Aaron had when God proved to the people of Israel that he had c # tablets of the covenant Here "tablets" are flat pieces of stone that had writing on them. This refers to the stone tablets on which the ten commandments were written. - diff --git a/heb/09/05.md b/heb/09/05.md index 63d3c9a980..bec9cc12e9 100644 --- a/heb/09/05.md +++ b/heb/09/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "cherubim" means figures of two cherubim. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-m # which we cannot Even though the author uses the plural pronoun "we," he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: "which I cannot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/06.md b/heb/09/06.md index 7b9f7fcfcc..62fb2aa8ea 100644 --- a/heb/09/06.md +++ b/heb/09/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # After these things were prepared This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After the priests prepared these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/07.md b/heb/09/07.md index 7131ee94e8..46606c13b2 100644 --- a/heb/09/07.md +++ b/heb/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "always with blood" # blood This is the blood of the bull and goat that the high priest had to sacrifice on the Day of Atonement. - diff --git a/heb/09/08.md b/heb/09/08.md index 05a8c75959..14ab6b35b6 100644 --- a/heb/09/08.md +++ b/heb/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the inner room of the tabernacle on earth or 2) God's p # the first tabernacle was still standing Possible meanings are 1) "the outer room of the tabernacle was still standing" or 2) "the earthly tabernacle and the sacrificial system still existed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/09.md b/heb/09/09.md index 84bbc19994..799c853d81 100644 --- a/heb/09/09.md +++ b/heb/09/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The writer speaks of a person's conscience as if it were an object that could be # the worshiper's conscience The writer appears to refer to only one worshiper, but he means all those who go to worship God at the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/10.md b/heb/09/10.md index 26a865926c..8c2084463f 100644 --- a/heb/09/10.md +++ b/heb/09/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # new order "new covenant" - diff --git a/heb/09/11.md b/heb/09/11.md index 487575b455..0b903d1ecd 100644 --- a/heb/09/11.md +++ b/heb/09/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that humans hands did # human hands Here "hands" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "humans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/12.md b/heb/09/12.md index 9b8e439944..66509bf555 100644 --- a/heb/09/12.md +++ b/heb/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # most holy place This means the most holy place in the heavenly tabernacle. It is most holy because God himself lives there. - diff --git a/heb/09/13.md b/heb/09/13.md index c9f911b4d1..3841729dc2 100644 --- a/heb/09/13.md +++ b/heb/09/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The priest would drop small amounts of the ashes on the people who were defiled. # for the cleansing of their flesh Here "flesh" refers to the entire body. Alternate translation: "for the cleansing of their bodies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/14.md b/heb/09/14.md index 9d86005d8a..8bf618e20c 100644 --- a/heb/09/14.md +++ b/heb/09/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "cleanse" stands for the action of relieving our consciences from guilt for # dead works Sinful deeds are spoken of as if they belonged to the world of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/15.md b/heb/09/15.md index 6c3fb25c5b..a926cd978d 100644 --- a/heb/09/15.md +++ b/heb/09/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom God has ca # inheritance Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/16.md b/heb/09/16.md index b97b158141..030cefdf81 100644 --- a/heb/09/16.md +++ b/heb/09/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a legal document in which a person states who should receive his possessions whe # the death of the person who made it must be proven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone must prove that the person who made the will has died" - diff --git a/heb/09/17.md b/heb/09/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/09/17.md +++ b/heb/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/09/18.md b/heb/09/18.md index 629bdc6618..db08f421b7 100644 --- a/heb/09/18.md +++ b/heb/09/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md). # blood The death of animals sacrificed to God is spoken of as if it were nothing but blood. Alternate translation: "the death of animals sacrificed to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/19.md b/heb/09/19.md index e3c33ab08d..41b886a795 100644 --- a/heb/09/19.md +++ b/heb/09/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The priest dipped the hyssop in the blood and the water and then shook the hysso # hyssop a woody shrub with flowers in summer, used in ceremonial sprinkling - diff --git a/heb/09/20.md b/heb/09/20.md index cd6da68ab1..e818d67549 100644 --- a/heb/09/20.md +++ b/heb/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the blood of the covenant Here "blood" refers to the death of the animals sacrificed to carry out the covenant's requirements. Alternate translation: "the blood that brings into effect the covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/21.md b/heb/09/21.md index 0e037ffbec..1b8c437d8e 100644 --- a/heb/09/21.md +++ b/heb/09/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the priests used in t # blood Here the animal "blood" represents the animal's death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/22.md b/heb/09/22.md index c33eae77b6..d207dfb292 100644 --- a/heb/09/22.md +++ b/heb/09/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "shedding of blood" refers to something dying as a sacrifice to God. This d # forgiveness You can state explicitly the implied meaning. Alternate translation: "forgiveness of the sins of the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/23.md b/heb/09/23.md index fcfddcfb26..58dafe15a3 100644 --- a/heb/09/23.md +++ b/heb/09/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the priests should us # the heavenly things themselves had to be cleansed with much better sacrifices That is, better than the sacrifices used to cleanse the earthly copies. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as for the heavenly things themselves, God had to cleanse them with much better sacrifices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/24.md b/heb/09/24.md index 7e1ad57cfa..72169e0bd6 100644 --- a/heb/09/24.md +++ b/heb/09/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "with hands" means "by humans." This can be stated in active form. Alternat # of the true one "of the true most holy place" - diff --git a/heb/09/25.md b/heb/09/25.md index d46a777181..dfc14db646 100644 --- a/heb/09/25.md +++ b/heb/09/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer emphasizes that Christ (now in heaven interceding for us) had to die # with the blood of another This means with the blood of an animal victim, not with his own blood. - diff --git a/heb/09/26.md b/heb/09/26.md index 00f3bee9ea..c0eecf6736 100644 --- a/heb/09/26.md +++ b/heb/09/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author speaks of the world as if it were a building set on a foundation. Alt # to do away with sin by the sacrifice of himself Doing away with sin represents having God forgive it. Alternate translation: "to cause God to forgive sins by sacrificing himself" or "to sacrifice himself so that God can forgive sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/27.md b/heb/09/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/09/27.md +++ b/heb/09/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/09/28.md b/heb/09/28.md index c31fa1cd05..47c54ba700 100644 --- a/heb/09/28.md +++ b/heb/09/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The act of making us innocent rather than guilty for our sins is spoken of as if # the sins Here "sins" mean the guilt that people have before God because of the sins they committed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/09/intro.md b/heb/09/intro.md index 20fcc1ccf6..8c7bfda248 100644 --- a/heb/09/intro.md +++ b/heb/09/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,26 @@ # Hebrews 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter describes how Jesus is better than the tabernacle and all its laws and rules. This chapter will be difficult to understand if the first five books of the Old Testament have not yet been translated. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Will +### Will A will is a legal document that describes what will happen to a person's property after he dies. -#### Blood +### Blood -In the Old Testament, God had commanded the Israelites to offer sacrifices so that he would forgive their sins. Before they could offer these sacrifices, they had to kill animals and then offer not only the animal's body but also its blood. Shedding blood is a metaphor for killing an animal or person. Jesus offered his life, his blood, as a sacrifice when he allowed men to kill him. The writer of the Book of Hebrews is saying in this chapter that this sacrifice is better than the sacrifices of the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) +In the Old Testament, God had commanded the Israelites to offer sacrifices so that he would forgive their sins. Before they could offer these sacrifices, they had to kill animals and then offer not only the animal's body but also its blood. Shedding blood is a metaphor for killing an animal or person. Jesus offered his life, his blood, as a sacrifice when he allowed men to kill him. The writer of the Book of Hebrews is saying in this chapter that this sacrifice is better than the sacrifices of the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -#### Return of Christ +### Return of Christ Jesus will return to finish the work that he began when he died so that God would forgive his people's sins. He will finish saving those people who are waiting for him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### First covenant +### First covenant This refers to the covenant that God made with Moses. However, before he made this covenant, God had made a covenant with Abraham. But this was the first covenant that God had made with the people of Israel. You may decide to translate "the first covenant" as "the earlier covenant." @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This refers to the covenant that God made with Moses. However, before he made th * __[Hebrews 9:1](../../heb/09/01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/10/01.md b/heb/10/01.md index 376c730c65..f5d4e0d2a4 100644 --- a/heb/10/01.md +++ b/heb/10/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks about the law as if it were a shadow. The author means the law is no # year after year "every year" - diff --git a/heb/10/02.md b/heb/10/02.md index 92a656356c..6ef68bd654 100644 --- a/heb/10/02.md +++ b/heb/10/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here being cleansed represents no longer being guilty of sin. This can be stated # would no longer have any consciousness of sin "would no longer think that they are guilty of sin" or "would know that they are no longer guilty of sin" - diff --git a/heb/10/03.md b/heb/10/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/10/03.md +++ b/heb/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/10/04.md b/heb/10/04.md index 3299727a6b..3de8272a55 100644 --- a/heb/10/04.md +++ b/heb/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Sins are spoken of as if they were objects that animal blood could sweep away as # the blood of bulls and goats Here "blood" refers to these animals dying as sacrifices to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/05.md b/heb/10/05.md index 02a5854b94..4b1d8f1a43 100644 --- a/heb/10/05.md +++ b/heb/10/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" is singular and refers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # a body you have prepared "you have made a body ready" - diff --git a/heb/10/06.md b/heb/10/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/10/06.md +++ b/heb/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/10/07.md b/heb/10/07.md index 7974c3dff7..c4aa2b9900 100644 --- a/heb/10/07.md +++ b/heb/10/07.md @@ -1,6 +1,3 @@ # Then I said Here "I" refers to Christ. - - - diff --git a/heb/10/08.md b/heb/10/08.md index e7e401d790..f6c52a9c85 100644 --- a/heb/10/08.md +++ b/heb/10/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated similar words in [Hebrews 10:6](./06.md). # that are offered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that priests offer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/09.md b/heb/10/09.md index 020af2ac62..545f972af7 100644 --- a/heb/10/09.md +++ b/heb/10/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "practice" here refers to a way of atoning for sins. Stopping # first practice ... the second practice The words "first" and "second" are ordinal numbers. Alternate translation: "old practice ... the new practice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/10.md b/heb/10/10.md index e662281d87..f375a3f2d9 100644 --- a/heb/10/10.md +++ b/heb/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has sanctified us # through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ The abstract noun "offering" can be expressed with the verb "offer" or "sacrifice." Alternate translation: "because Jesus Christ offered his body as a sacrifice" or "because Jesus Christ sacrificed his body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/11.md b/heb/10/11.md index 57ca10f8cd..d3116858fb 100644 --- a/heb/10/11.md +++ b/heb/10/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # can never take away sins This speaks of "sins" as if they are an object that a person can take away. Alternate translation: "can never cause God to forgive sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/12.md b/heb/10/12.md index c10c38daae..323253ad64 100644 --- a/heb/10/12.md +++ b/heb/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he sat down at the right hand of God To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Hebrews 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "he sat down at the place of honor and authority beside God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/13.md b/heb/10/13.md index 1ac7f4fdbf..de2aa7854a 100644 --- a/heb/10/13.md +++ b/heb/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until his enemies are made a footstool for his feet Christ's enemies being humiliated is spoken of as if they were made a place for him to rest his feet. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until God humiliates Christ's enemies and they become like a footstool for his feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/14.md b/heb/10/14.md index 6f80069890..c4683ce97d 100644 --- a/heb/10/14.md +++ b/heb/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who are being sanctified This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom God is sanctifying" or "those whom God has dedicated to himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/15.md b/heb/10/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/10/15.md +++ b/heb/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/10/16.md b/heb/10/16.md index 8d2ce7c769..ba74c3b06c 100644 --- a/heb/10/16.md +++ b/heb/10/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's inner being. The phrase "put my laws i # I will write them on their minds The phrase "write them on their minds" is a metaphor for causing people to remember his laws. Alternate translation: "I will cause them to remember my laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/17.md b/heb/10/17.md index 0e7359a7f5..03bd888ae7 100644 --- a/heb/10/17.md +++ b/heb/10/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the quotation from the prophet Jeremiah in the Old Testament. # Their sins and lawlessness The words "sins" and "lawlessness" mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize how bad the sin is. Alternate translation: "The things they did that were forbidden and how they broke the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/18.md b/heb/10/18.md index 5f270628aa..f623a4d4d1 100644 --- a/heb/10/18.md +++ b/heb/10/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "forgiveness" is expressed as the # there is no longer any sacrifice for sin This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "sacrifice" is expressed as the verb "make offerings." Alternate translation: "people no longer need to make offerings for sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/19.md b/heb/10/19.md index 813fbf5cbb..c5c91ea47b 100644 --- a/heb/10/19.md +++ b/heb/10/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means the presence of God, not the most holy place in the old tabernacle. ( # by the blood of Jesus Here "blood of Jesus" refers to the death of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/20.md b/heb/10/20.md index 0f56faed37..4a99fca7b2 100644 --- a/heb/10/20.md +++ b/heb/10/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The curtain in the earthly temple represents the separation between people and G # by means of his flesh Here "flesh" stands for the body of Jesus, and his body stands for his sacrificial death. Alternate translation: "by means of his death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/21.md b/heb/10/21.md index 235177b921..49c119f190 100644 --- a/heb/10/21.md +++ b/heb/10/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This must be translated in such a way as to make it clear that Jesus is this "gr # the house of God This speaks about God's people as if they were a literal house. Alternate translation: "all the people of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/22.md b/heb/10/22.md index 90386617c8..467fa569da 100644 --- a/heb/10/22.md +++ b/heb/10/22.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as if he had washed o # our bodies washed with pure water Possible meanings are 1) "bodies" is a metonym that represents peoples' entire beings, and "washed with pure water" is a metaphor representing Christ making a person spiritually pure or 2) this is literal and it refers to Christian baptism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/23.md b/heb/10/23.md index ba0bf7190b..0cb928c64d 100644 --- a/heb/10/23.md +++ b/heb/10/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let us also hold firmly to the hope we confess Here "hold firmly" is a metaphor that refers to a person determining to do something and refusing to stop. Here "hope" means "a confident expectation." The abstract noun "hope" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Let us be determined to continue confessing the things that we confidently expect from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/24.md b/heb/10/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/10/24.md +++ b/heb/10/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/10/25.md b/heb/10/25.md index 22919f857a..500de1ffbd 100644 --- a/heb/10/25.md +++ b/heb/10/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can make explicit that the people met to worship. Alternate translation: "Le # as you see the day coming closer A future time is spoken of as if it were an object coming closer to the speaker. Here "the day" refers to when Jesus will return. Alternate translation: "as you know that Christ will return soon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/26.md b/heb/10/26.md index 1812845c31..6b6206b752 100644 --- a/heb/10/26.md +++ b/heb/10/26.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ No one is able to give a new sacrifice because Christ's sacrifice is the only on # a sacrifice for sins Here "sacrifice for sins" stands for "an effective way to sacrifice animals to take away sins" - diff --git a/heb/10/27.md b/heb/10/27.md index 2888f21691..7ff9073419 100644 --- a/heb/10/27.md +++ b/heb/10/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Of God's judgment, that is, that God will judge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # a fury of fire that will consume God's enemies God's fury is spoken of as if it were fire that would burn up his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/28.md b/heb/10/28.md index 62710dc150..f958d836bf 100644 --- a/heb/10/28.md +++ b/heb/10/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # of two or three witnesses It is implied that this means "of at least two or three witness." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/29.md b/heb/10/29.md index 59a4edb6ad..f3fb090206 100644 --- a/heb/10/29.md +++ b/heb/10/29.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the blood by which Go # the Spirit of grace "the Spirit of God, who provides grace" - diff --git a/heb/10/30.md b/heb/10/30.md index d0fb175fae..73181505d4 100644 --- a/heb/10/30.md +++ b/heb/10/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Vengeance is spoken of as if it were an object that belongs to God, who has the # I will pay back God taking vengeance is spoken of as if he were paying back the harmful things that someone has done to others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/31.md b/heb/10/31.md index 631271328d..3e0985e5e0 100644 --- a/heb/10/31.md +++ b/heb/10/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to fall into the hands Receiving God's full punishment is spoken of as if the person falls into God's hands. Here "hands" refers to God's power to judge. Alternate translation: "to receive the full punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/32.md b/heb/10/32.md index 63009aa229..08d16a7fc5 100644 --- a/heb/10/32.md +++ b/heb/10/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Learning the truth is spoken of as if God shined a light on the person. This can # how you endured a great struggle in suffering "how much suffering you had to endure" - diff --git a/heb/10/33.md b/heb/10/33.md index 306a4fd6fd..78094b4cde 100644 --- a/heb/10/33.md +++ b/heb/10/33.md @@ -5,5 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People ridiculed you # you shared with those "you joined those" - - diff --git a/heb/10/34.md b/heb/10/34.md index a47bf5e835..472522b7c1 100644 --- a/heb/10/34.md +++ b/heb/10/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a better and everlasting possession God's eternal blessings are spoken of as a "possession." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/35.md b/heb/10/35.md index 28ca434ca6..268fb15a18 100644 --- a/heb/10/35.md +++ b/heb/10/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not throw away your confidence, which has a great reward A person no longer having confidence is spoken of as if the person were to throw confidence away, like a person would discard something worthless. The abstract noun "confidence" can be translated with the adjective "confident" or the adverb "confidently." Alternate translation: "do not stop being confident, because you will receive a great reward for being confident" or "do not stop confidently trusting in God, who will reward you greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/36.md b/heb/10/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/10/36.md +++ b/heb/10/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/10/37.md b/heb/10/37.md index 6ee50b474a..0b21e972da 100644 --- a/heb/10/37.md +++ b/heb/10/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make this explicit. Alternate translation: "As God said in the scripture # in a very little while "very soon" - diff --git a/heb/10/38.md b/heb/10/38.md index 36245d7eab..826917baf5 100644 --- a/heb/10/38.md +++ b/heb/10/38.md @@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ Here "My" and "my soul" refer to God. The soul is a metonym for the whole being. -# shrinks back +# shrinks back stops doing the good thing he is doing - diff --git a/heb/10/39.md b/heb/10/39.md index abe2edffe0..a53d5820a6 100644 --- a/heb/10/39.md +++ b/heb/10/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who loses courage and faith are spoken of as if he were stepping back i # who have faith and preserve their souls Living eternally with God is spoken of as if it were preserving one's soul. Here "soul" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "who have faith, which will result in our living with God forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/heb/10/intro.md b/heb/10/intro.md index 4dca665e39..13776883fa 100644 --- a/heb/10/intro.md +++ b/heb/10/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,25 @@ # Hebrews 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter, the writer finishes describing how Jesus's sacrifice was better than the sacrifices offered in the Temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 10:5-7, 15-17, 37-38, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### God's judgment and reward +### God's judgment and reward Holy living is important for Christians. God will hold people accountable for how they lived their Christian lives. Even though there will not be eternal condemnation for Christians, ungodly actions do and will have consequences. In addition, faithful living will be rewarded. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins" -#### "For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins" The sacrifices themselves had no redeeming power. They were effective because they were a display of faith, which was credited to the person offering the sacrifice. It is ultimately the sacrifice of Jesus that "takes away sins." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -#### "The covenant that I will make" +### "The covenant that I will make" + It is unclear whether this prophecy was being fulfilled as the author was writing or whether it was to occur later. The translator should try to avoid making a claim about the time this covenant begins. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) ## Links: @@ -25,4 +27,3 @@ It is unclear whether this prophecy was being fulfilled as the author was writin * __[Hebrews 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/11/01.md b/heb/11/01.md index d2c1e0f807..bf6334ad24 100644 --- a/heb/11/01.md +++ b/heb/11/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hope" refers to having the confident expectation that God will do what he # that are not seen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that we still have not seen" or "that still have not happened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/02.md b/heb/11/02.md index 1ca1fd71bf..dfcd6285ac 100644 --- a/heb/11/02.md +++ b/heb/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God approved of our a # the ancestors The author is speaking to the Hebrews about Hebrew ancestors. Alternate translation: "our ancestors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/03.md b/heb/11/03.md index dc6f7d6812..e4bff79a4e 100644 --- a/heb/11/03.md +++ b/heb/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God created the unive # what is visible was not made out of things that were visible This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God did not create what we see out of things that were visible" - diff --git a/heb/11/04.md b/heb/11/04.md index 8dc59efcda..cd17cbd1e8 100644 --- a/heb/11/04.md +++ b/heb/11/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God declared him to b # Abel still speaks Reading the scriptures and learning about Abel's faith is spoken of as if Abel himself were still speaking. Alternate translation: "we still learn from what Abel did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/05.md b/heb/11/05.md index 6957962ae9..07cff2a2c7 100644 --- a/heb/11/05.md +++ b/heb/11/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "before God took him" # it was testified that he had pleased God This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "God said that Enoch had pleased him" or 2) "people said that Enoch pleased God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/06.md b/heb/11/06.md index cbf2c035ac..4ec339f54e 100644 --- a/heb/11/06.md +++ b/heb/11/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Wanting to worship God and belong to his people is spoken of as if the person is # those who seek him Those who learn about God and make an effort to obey him are spoken of as if they were seeking to find him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/07.md b/heb/11/07.md index 6cfa0f7cb0..4c232d1ead 100644 --- a/heb/11/07.md +++ b/heb/11/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Noah is spoken of as if he were to inherit property and wealth from a family mem # that is according to faith "that God gives to those who have faith in him" - diff --git a/heb/11/08.md b/heb/11/08.md index e0f8fbdf6b..65a224d9e4 100644 --- a/heb/11/08.md +++ b/heb/11/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The land that God promised to give Abraham's descendants is spoken of as if it w # He went out "He left his home" - diff --git a/heb/11/09.md b/heb/11/09.md index 8e552a7325..9c486443b1 100644 --- a/heb/11/09.md +++ b/heb/11/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "promise" is expressed as the ver # fellow heirs "heirs together." This speaks about Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as if they were heirs that would receive an inheritance from their father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/10.md b/heb/11/10.md index 7ce2d2e2f1..48c7b8318a 100644 --- a/heb/11/10.md +++ b/heb/11/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # architect a person who designs buildings and cities - diff --git a/heb/11/11.md b/heb/11/11.md index 7c6caa6017..1512c82d73 100644 --- a/heb/11/11.md +++ b/heb/11/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) Sarah was too old or 2) Abraham was too old. # since she considered as faithful the one who had given the promise "because she believed God, who had given the promise, to be faithful." Possible meanings are 1) Sarah considered God to be faithful or 2) Abraham considered God to be faithful. - diff --git a/heb/11/12.md b/heb/11/12.md index 39a3258700..ff5f7f6652 100644 --- a/heb/11/12.md +++ b/heb/11/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This simile means that Abraham had very many descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # as countless as sand by the seashore This means that just as there are so many grains of sand on the seashore that no one can count them all, Abraham had so many descendants that no one can count them all. - diff --git a/heb/11/13.md b/heb/11/13.md index 355a26bfc3..09727ab7f8 100644 --- a/heb/11/13.md +++ b/heb/11/13.md @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ This speaks of promises as if they are objects that a person receives. Alternate translation: "without receiving what God had promised them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - # they saw and greeted them from far off Future promised events are spoken of as if they were travelers arriving from far away. Seeing and greeting the promised events is a metaphor for believing and being glad that the events will happen. Alternate translation: "they believed and were glad about what God would do in the future" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -10,4 +9,3 @@ Future promised events are spoken of as if they were travelers arriving from far # they were foreigners and exiles on earth Here "foreigners" and "exiles" mean basically the same thing. This emphasizes that this earth was not their true home. They were waiting for their true home that God would make for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/14.md b/heb/11/14.md index dfc7b5da50..e8e29d1de5 100644 --- a/heb/11/14.md +++ b/heb/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a homeland "a country for them to belong to" - diff --git a/heb/11/15.md b/heb/11/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/11/15.md +++ b/heb/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/11/16.md b/heb/11/16.md index 7478fb540c..5b3a23de48 100644 --- a/heb/11/16.md +++ b/heb/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # God is not ashamed to be called their God This can be expressed in active and positive form. Alternate translation: "God is happy to have them call him their God" or "God is proud to have them say that he is their God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/17.md b/heb/11/17.md index 3981ca5948..112d18567d 100644 --- a/heb/11/17.md +++ b/heb/11/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when he was tested This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when God tested him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/18.md b/heb/11/18.md index a5b933b05a..46eff54023 100644 --- a/heb/11/18.md +++ b/heb/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to whom God said" (Se # that your descendants will be named Here "named" means assigned or designated. This sentence can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I will designate your descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/19.md b/heb/11/19.md index e0dfaa49e1..b779c64413 100644 --- a/heb/11/19.md +++ b/heb/11/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In this verse, "to raise up" is to make alive again. The words "the dead" speak # he received him back "Abraham received Isaac back" - diff --git a/heb/11/20.md b/heb/11/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/11/20.md +++ b/heb/11/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/11/21.md b/heb/11/21.md index 3cf04106e5..ea6fd370c5 100644 --- a/heb/11/21.md +++ b/heb/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob worshiped "Jacob worshiped God" - diff --git a/heb/11/22.md b/heb/11/22.md index bab4fcf1fb..084bd462ee 100644 --- a/heb/11/22.md +++ b/heb/11/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "his end" is a polite way of referring to death. Alternate translation: "wh # instructed them about his bones Joseph died while in Egypt. He wanted his people to take his bones with them when they left Egypt so they could bury his bones in the land that God promised them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/23.md b/heb/11/23.md index ea308915d5..1922aa4b80 100644 --- a/heb/11/23.md +++ b/heb/11/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses's parents hid him for three months after he was born" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/24.md b/heb/11/24.md index cff08e9be3..f1d37c17be 100644 --- a/heb/11/24.md +++ b/heb/11/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # refused to be called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "refused to allow people to call him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/25.md b/heb/11/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/11/25.md +++ b/heb/11/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/11/26.md b/heb/11/26.md index aff460e05b..c0c69ca78e 100644 --- a/heb/11/26.md +++ b/heb/11/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "disgrace" is expressed as the ve # he was looking ahead to his reward Thinking about something that will happen in the future is spoken of as looking ahead to it. Alternate translation: "he was thinking about the reward he would receive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/27.md b/heb/11/27.md index e7d6b358c3..3bbb602590 100644 --- a/heb/11/27.md +++ b/heb/11/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses is spoken of as if he saw God, who is invisible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # the one who is invisible "the one no one can see" - diff --git a/heb/11/28.md b/heb/11/28.md index a3c8b73dad..29897195ff 100644 --- a/heb/11/28.md +++ b/heb/11/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to God's command to the Israelites to kill a lamb and spread its blo # should not touch Here "touch" refers to harming or to killing someone. Alternate translation: "would not harm" or "would not kill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/29.md b/heb/11/29.md index 9ae2d585f4..29b2f02b63 100644 --- a/heb/11/29.md +++ b/heb/11/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the water swallowed u # they were swallowed up The water is spoken of as if it were an animal. Alternate translation: "the Egyptians drowned in the water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/30.md b/heb/11/30.md index 74a4dc159d..51fd71d2a5 100644 --- a/heb/11/30.md +++ b/heb/11/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Israelites had ma # seven days "7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/31.md b/heb/11/31.md index a54b2a2cb3..903a922970 100644 --- a/heb/11/31.md +++ b/heb/11/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had received the spies in peace "had peacefully received the spies" - diff --git a/heb/11/32.md b/heb/11/32.md index a931bae411..5cba5b66a9 100644 --- a/heb/11/32.md +++ b/heb/11/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author uses a question to emphasize that there are many examples that he cou # Barak This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/33.md b/heb/11/33.md index 2a09da773d..98c312f641 100644 --- a/heb/11/33.md +++ b/heb/11/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "did righteous deeds" or "did what was right" or 2) "ju # They stopped the mouths of lions These words begin a list of some of the ways God saved believers from death. Alternate translation: "They kept lions from eating them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/34.md b/heb/11/34.md index f711f1c20b..7c60082967 100644 --- a/heb/11/34.md +++ b/heb/11/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they received strengt # became mighty in battle, and defeated "and they became mighty in battle and defeated" - diff --git a/heb/11/35.md b/heb/11/35.md index 1bf48efdbc..434734230d 100644 --- a/heb/11/35.md +++ b/heb/11/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Others allowed those # a better resurrection Possible meanings are 1) these people will experience a better life in heaven than what they experienced in this world or 2) these people will have a better resurrection than those who did not have faith. Those with faith will live forever with God. Those without faith will live forever separated from God. - diff --git a/heb/11/36.md b/heb/11/36.md index ac56b25ee3..54fd4f22b3 100644 --- a/heb/11/36.md +++ b/heb/11/36.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ # Others experienced mocking and whippings, and even chains and imprisonment This can be reworded so that the abstract nouns are expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: "People afflicted others by mocking and whipping them and even putting them in chains and imprisoning them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - - diff --git a/heb/11/37.md b/heb/11/37.md index aed69d6dd4..1382649884 100644 --- a/heb/11/37.md +++ b/heb/11/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People threw stones # They were destitute "They had nothing" or "They were very poor" - diff --git a/heb/11/38.md b/heb/11/38.md index d0d8903eb8..d29b7f2e2d 100644 --- a/heb/11/38.md +++ b/heb/11/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was because they had no place to live. # in caves and holes in the ground "some lived in caves or in holes in the ground" - diff --git a/heb/11/39.md b/heb/11/39.md index f2ea29da00..b0e9f830f2 100644 --- a/heb/11/39.md +++ b/heb/11/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God honored all these # the promise This expression stands for "what God had promised them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/40.md b/heb/11/40.md index 309f7b574b..51c611dcc7 100644 --- a/heb/11/40.md +++ b/heb/11/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that without us, they would not be made perfect This can be stated in positive and active form. Alternate translation: "in order that God would perfect us and them together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/11/intro.md b/heb/11/intro.md index 0671ec7eb9..0c7ed7ac8c 100644 --- a/heb/11/intro.md +++ b/heb/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Hebrews 11 General Notes -### Structure +## Structure The writer begins this chapter by telling what faith is. Then he gives many examples of people who had faith and how they lived. -### Important concepts in this chapter +## Important concepts in this chapter -#### Faith +### Faith In both the old and new covenants, God required faith. Some people with faith performed miracles and were very powerful. Other people with faith suffered greatly. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ In both the old and new covenants, God required faith. Some people with faith pe * __[Hebrews 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/12/01.md b/heb/12/01.md index 988ef08af8..53a9f37983 100644 --- a/heb/12/01.md +++ b/heb/12/01.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Sin is spoken of as if it were a net or something else that can trip people up a # Let us run with perseverance the race that is placed before us Following Jesus is spoken of as if it were running a race. Alternate translation: "Let us continue obeying what God has commanded us, just like a runner keeps going until the race is over" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/02.md b/heb/12/02.md index 8b7a6e41b9..bbc8ef6905 100644 --- a/heb/12/02.md +++ b/heb/12/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means he was not concerned about the shame of dying on a cross. # sat down at the right hand of the throne of God To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Hebrews 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the throne of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/03.md b/heb/12/03.md index 3382d939c2..f4d4a4d777 100644 --- a/heb/12/03.md +++ b/heb/12/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "your" is plural and here refers to the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # become weary and lose heart Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: "become tired and discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/04.md b/heb/12/04.md index 0f150febbe..9878b5c73a 100644 --- a/heb/12/04.md +++ b/heb/12/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Resisting opposition so much that one dies for it is spoken of as if one reached # of blood Here "blood" refers to death. Alternate translation: "of death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/05.md b/heb/12/05.md index 60ffd3c50f..32ced1188a 100644 --- a/heb/12/05.md +++ b/heb/12/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "take it very seriou # you are corrected by him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he corrects you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/06.md b/heb/12/06.md index b13e392226..116b5c3fc6 100644 --- a/heb/12/06.md +++ b/heb/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # every son he receives The word translated "son" is specifically the word for a male child. In that culture the family line continued through the sons, not normally through the daughters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/07.md b/heb/12/07.md index 714f572305..2404e188f3 100644 --- a/heb/12/07.md +++ b/heb/12/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ All occurrences of these words may be stated to include males and females. Alter # what son is there whom his father does not discipline? The author makes the point throught this question that every good father disciplines his children. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "every father disciplines his children!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/08.md b/heb/12/08.md index 6b37bec04a..223d5339a4 100644 --- a/heb/12/08.md +++ b/heb/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can restate the abstract noun "discipline" as the verb "disciplining." Alter # then you are illegitimate and not his sons Those whom God does not discipline are spoken of as if they are sons born to a man and a woman who are not married each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/09.md b/heb/12/09.md index b0a23cadce..d6477eef24 100644 --- a/heb/12/09.md +++ b/heb/12/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom contrasts with "fathers in the flesh." Alternate translation: "our sp # and live "so that we will live" - diff --git a/heb/12/10.md b/heb/12/10.md index 96e04a8054..176c846517 100644 --- a/heb/12/10.md +++ b/heb/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that we can share in his holiness This metaphor speaks of "holiness" as if it were an object that can be shared among people. Alternate translation: "so that we may become holy, as God is holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/11.md b/heb/12/11.md index 11110d5697..28e48fa1ce 100644 --- a/heb/12/11.md +++ b/heb/12/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # who have been trained by it "who have been trained by discipline." The discipline or correction done by the Lord is spoken of as if it were the Lord himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God has trained by disciplining them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/12.md b/heb/12/12.md index 9f0dc68198..d0d08c6f0a 100644 --- a/heb/12/12.md +++ b/heb/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # strengthen your hands that hang down and your weak knees. Possibly this continues the metaphor about the race in [Hebrews 12:1](../12/01.md). It is in this way that the author speaks about living as Christians and helping others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/13.md b/heb/12/13.md index b0ef11e202..a28ac4e6f3 100644 --- a/heb/12/13.md +++ b/heb/12/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Someone who stops obeying God is spoken of as if he injured his foot or ankle on # rather be healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "instead become strong" or "instead God will heal him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/14.md b/heb/12/14.md index ec7175d28b..aff6d5d554 100644 --- a/heb/12/14.md +++ b/heb/12/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be expressed as a positive encouragement. Alternate translation: "and w # and holiness You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: "and pursue holiness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/15.md b/heb/12/15.md index 89ee15903c..45a1c19f36 100644 --- a/heb/12/15.md +++ b/heb/12/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that no root of bitterness grows up to cause trouble, so that many do not become defiled by it Hateful or resentful attitudes are spoken of as if they were a plant bitter to the taste. Alternate translation: "that no one becomes like a bitter root, which when it grows causes trouble and harms many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/16.md b/heb/12/16.md index 1c62b892a7..b37c4a0e79 100644 --- a/heb/12/16.md +++ b/heb/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The man Esau, who was told about in the writings of Moses, refers to Isaac's first son and Jacob's brother. - diff --git a/heb/12/17.md b/heb/12/17.md index e8c15946ee..05a6c5f298 100644 --- a/heb/12/17.md +++ b/heb/12/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "repentance" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate # even though he sought it with tears Here "he" refers to Esau. - diff --git a/heb/12/18.md b/heb/12/18.md index 046ad0de91..d845b23df0 100644 --- a/heb/12/18.md +++ b/heb/12/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The implicit information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "For y # that can be touched This means that believers in Christ have not come to a physical mountain like Mount Sinai that a person can touch or see. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that a person can touch" or "that people can perceive with their senses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/19.md b/heb/12/19.md index fd27d582fd..6df6b9ef4c 100644 --- a/heb/12/19.md +++ b/heb/12/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # nor to a voice that speaks words whose hearers begged that not another word be spoken to them Here "voice" refers to someone speaking. The phrase "be spoken" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "or where God was speaking in such a way that those who heard him begged him not to speak another word to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/20.md b/heb/12/20.md index 3898a58f6b..48a6cd564e 100644 --- a/heb/12/20.md +++ b/heb/12/20.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ The quotation comes from the writings of Moses. # For they could not endure + "For the Israelites could not endure" # what was commanded @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God commanded" ( # it must be stoned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must stone it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/21.md b/heb/12/21.md index 07eeb9c589..5403aa778c 100644 --- a/heb/12/21.md +++ b/heb/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: God reveals in this passage in Hebrews that Moses said he shook at seeing the mountain. - diff --git a/heb/12/22.md b/heb/12/22.md index bafb315f6e..7eb9f43462 100644 --- a/heb/12/22.md +++ b/heb/12/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Mount Zion, the temple mount in Jerusalem, as if it were he # tens of thousands of angels "an uncountable number of angels" - diff --git a/heb/12/23.md b/heb/12/23.md index 04215c9829..0fda3b49b0 100644 --- a/heb/12/23.md +++ b/heb/12/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of believers in Christ as if they were firstborn sons. This emphasiz # who have been made perfect This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God has made perfect" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/24.md b/heb/12/24.md index c6ec887cd2..d637a7f78c 100644 --- a/heb/12/24.md +++ b/heb/12/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The blood of Jesus and the blood of Abel are spoken of as if they were people ca # the sprinkled blood Here "blood" stands for Jesus's death, as Abel's blood stands for his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/25.md b/heb/12/25.md index 3f24d45203..8b640cffca 100644 --- a/heb/12/25.md +++ b/heb/12/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Moses, who warned them here on earth" or 2) "God, who # if we turn away from the one who is warning Disobeying God is spoken of as if it were changing direction and walking away from him. Alternate translation: "if we disobey the one who is warning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/26.md b/heb/12/26.md index 29698c97ab..905f215eef 100644 --- a/heb/12/26.md +++ b/heb/12/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This quotation is from the prophet Haggai in the Old Testament. # shook ... shake Use the word for what an earthquake does in moving the ground. This refers back to [Hebrews 12:18-21](./18.md) and what happened when the people saw the mountain where Moses received the law from God. - diff --git a/heb/12/27.md b/heb/12/27.md index 535181939e..6aad07e1e5 100644 --- a/heb/12/27.md +++ b/heb/12/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things that do no # that cannot be shaken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that do not shake" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/28.md b/heb/12/28.md index fe592bde35..3ffd2c39bf 100644 --- a/heb/12/28.md +++ b/heb/12/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can add the words "because we are" to make clear the logical connection betw # with reverence and awe The words "reverence" and "awe" share similar meanings and emphasize the greatness of reverence due to God. Alternate translation: "with great respect and dread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/29.md b/heb/12/29.md index b606be9471..9e7ebd5130 100644 --- a/heb/12/29.md +++ b/heb/12/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our God is a consuming fire God is spoken of here as if he were a fire that can burn up anything. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/12/intro.md b/heb/12/intro.md index 4b487dba32..13b3f91f2a 100644 --- a/heb/12/intro.md +++ b/heb/12/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Hebrews 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting After telling of the value of discipline, the author begins a series of exhortations. (See; [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/exhort]]) Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 12:5-6, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Discipline +### Discipline God wants his people to do what is right. When they do what is wrong, he needs to correct or punish them. He does this just as earthly fathers correct and punish children whom they love. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/discipline]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God wants his people to do what is right. When they do what is wrong, he needs t * __[Hebrews 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/heb/13/01.md b/heb/13/01.md index 7d9fcb54cf..0bb0953a53 100644 --- a/heb/13/01.md +++ b/heb/13/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this closing section, the author gives specific instructions to believers on # Let brotherly love continue "Continue to show your love for other believers as you would for a member of your family" - diff --git a/heb/13/02.md b/heb/13/02.md index 3faf6205df..23d7548b6f 100644 --- a/heb/13/02.md +++ b/heb/13/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Be sure to remember # hospitality for strangers "to welcome and show kindness to strangers" - diff --git a/heb/13/03.md b/heb/13/03.md index b4ed6a04bc..d3d07be080 100644 --- a/heb/13/03.md +++ b/heb/13/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom others are mistr # as if you also were them in the body This phrase encourages believers to think about other people's suffering as they would think about their own suffering. Alternate translation: "as if you were the one suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/04.md b/heb/13/04.md index d477004778..77c70da638 100644 --- a/heb/13/04.md +++ b/heb/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Everyone should hold # let the marriage bed be kept pure This refers to the act of sexual union as if it were the bed on which that act takes place. Alternate translation: "Let husbands and wives honor their marriage relationship to one another and engage in sexual activity with other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/05.md b/heb/13/05.md index 6527cc6b74..02fa9f139f 100644 --- a/heb/13/05.md +++ b/heb/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "conduct" refers to a person's character or the way he lives, and "free fro # Be content "Be satisfied" - diff --git a/heb/13/06.md b/heb/13/06.md index 057951efdd..f3c930db27 100644 --- a/heb/13/06.md +++ b/heb/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a quotation from the book of Psalms in the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://e # I will not be afraid. What can a man do to me? The author uses a question to emphasize that he does not fear people because God is helping him. Here "man" means any person in general. Alternate translation: "I will not fear what any person can do to me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/07.md b/heb/13/07.md index 6d71491f70..4761b0782d 100644 --- a/heb/13/07.md +++ b/heb/13/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Imitate their faith Here the trust in God and the way of life led by these leaders are spoken of as "their faith." Alternate translation: "Trust and obey God in the same way they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/08.md b/heb/13/08.md index 1a6a8c8e1d..97ca46ff20 100644 --- a/heb/13/08.md +++ b/heb/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is the same yesterday, today, and forever Here "yesterday" means all times in the past. Alternate translation: "is the same in the past, the present, and in the future forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/09.md b/heb/13/09.md index adf2c63001..b142e278b8 100644 --- a/heb/13/09.md +++ b/heb/13/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "foods" stands for rules about food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metony # those who walk by them Living is spoken of as if it were walking. Alternate translation: "those who live by them" or "those who regulate their lives by them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/10.md b/heb/13/10.md index b9f9037fbc..c5adc6107a 100644 --- a/heb/13/10.md +++ b/heb/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We have an altar from which Here, "altar" is a metaphor. The Christians did not literally have an altar, nor did they offer animal sacrifices. The author means that Christians have a relationship with God that the Jews who work in the tabernacle do not know about. Alternate translation: "We have an altar, so to speak, from which" or "What we have is like an altar from which" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/11.md b/heb/13/11.md index 873db47e32..c73cce2a48 100644 --- a/heb/13/11.md +++ b/heb/13/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "while the priests bur # outside the camp "away from where the people live" - diff --git a/heb/13/12.md b/heb/13/12.md index 7dab76c2e8..386eca3bbc 100644 --- a/heb/13/12.md +++ b/heb/13/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ There is a comparison here between Jesus's sacrifice and the tabernacle sacrific # outside the city gate This stands for "outside the city." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/13.md b/heb/13/13.md index c955828347..3f051a856e 100644 --- a/heb/13/13.md +++ b/heb/13/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Obeying Jesus is spoken of as if a person were leaving the camp to go out where # bearing the disgrace he endured Reproach is spoken of as if it were an object that has to be carried in one's hands or on one's back. Alternate translation: "while allowing others to treat us with disgust just like people insulted him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/14.md b/heb/13/14.md index 7a9284960c..ec26e5a09a 100644 --- a/heb/13/14.md +++ b/heb/13/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the one that is to come "for the city that will come" or "the permananent city that will come" - diff --git a/heb/13/15.md b/heb/13/15.md index 61e5873da9..ecb8abb6b0 100644 --- a/heb/13/15.md +++ b/heb/13/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "lips" represents people who speak. Alternate translation: "the lips of th # his name A person's name represents that person. Alternate translation: "him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/16.md b/heb/13/16.md index 2f6442ce84..0057a9a3c0 100644 --- a/heb/13/16.md +++ b/heb/13/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Let us always remem # with such sacrifices Doing good and helping others is spoken of as if they were sacrifices on an altar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/17.md b/heb/13/17.md index 326566cb95..5b201f99f1 100644 --- a/heb/13/17.md +++ b/heb/13/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The believers' souls, that is, the believers' spiritual well-being, are spoken o # not with groaning Here "groaning" stands for sadness or grief. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/18.md b/heb/13/18.md index ec9d7bb7dc..012f1daa5b 100644 --- a/heb/13/18.md +++ b/heb/13/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "us" refers to the author and his companions, but not to the readers. (See: # we are convinced that we have a good conscience Here "good" stands for being free from guilt. Alternate translation: "we are certain that we have no guilt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/19.md b/heb/13/19.md index 70660b4e48..773c19292f 100644 --- a/heb/13/19.md +++ b/heb/13/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that I will be returned to you sooner This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God will return me to you sooner" or "that God will quickly remove the things that stop my coming to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/20.md b/heb/13/20.md index a28ab4c8d7..c3407012dc 100644 --- a/heb/13/20.md +++ b/heb/13/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Christ in his role of leader and protector of those who believe in him is spoken # by the blood of the eternal covenant Here "blood" stands for the death of Jesus, which is the basis for the covenant that will last forever between God and all believers in Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/21.md b/heb/13/21.md index 7e37a883c5..27be4beabd 100644 --- a/heb/13/21.md +++ b/heb/13/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "us" refers to the author and the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # to whom be the glory forever "whom all people will praise forever" - diff --git a/heb/13/22.md b/heb/13/22.md index 9e59b3c3d2..6db1a05388 100644 --- a/heb/13/22.md +++ b/heb/13/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to all the believers to whom he is writing, whether male or female. # the word of encouragement Here "word" stands for a message. Alternate translation: "the encouraging message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/23.md b/heb/13/23.md index 7eab827497..1daca5538b 100644 --- a/heb/13/23.md +++ b/heb/13/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has been set free This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "is no longer in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/24.md b/heb/13/24.md index 3d494dbea3..fba3265d7c 100644 --- a/heb/13/24.md +++ b/heb/13/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the author is not in Italy, but there is a group of bel # Italy This is the name of a region at that time. Rome is the capital city of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/heb/13/25.md b/heb/13/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/heb/13/25.md +++ b/heb/13/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/heb/13/intro.md b/heb/13/intro.md index 7139b31adb..af7e9563a4 100644 --- a/heb/13/intro.md +++ b/heb/13/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Hebrews 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The author finishes the list of exhortations he began in chapter 12. Then he asks the readers to pray for him and ends the letter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 13:6, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Hospitality +### Hospitality God wants his people to invite other people to come to their homes to eat food and even to sleep. His people should do this even if they do not know well the people they are inviting. In the Old Testament, Abraham and his nephew Lot both showed hospitality to people they did not know. Abraham served a costly meal to them, and then Lot invited them to sleep in his house. They learned later that those people were actually angels. @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God wants his people to invite other people to come to their homes to eat food a * __[Hebrews 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/heb/front/intro.md b/heb/front/intro.md index be54972925..41b5f1a1db 100644 --- a/heb/front/intro.md +++ b/heb/front/intro.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ### Who wrote the Book of Hebrews? -No one knows who wrote Hebrews. Scholars have suggested several different people who could possibly be the author. Possible authors are Paul, Luke, and Barnabas. The date of writing is also not known. Most scholars think it was written before A.D. 70. Jerusalem was destroyed in A.D. 70, but the writer of this letter spoke about Jerusalem as if it had not yet been destroyed. +No one knows who wrote Hebrews. Scholars have suggested several different people who could possibly be the author. Possible authors are Paul, Luke, and Barnabas. The date of writing is also not known. Most scholars think it was written before A.D. 70. Jerusalem was destroyed in A.D. 70, but the writer of this letter spoke about Jerusalem as if it had not yet been destroyed. ### What is the Book of Hebrews about? @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ It would be very difficult for readers to understand this book without understan Beginning in [Hebrews 9:7](../../heb/09/07.md), the idea of blood is often used as metonymy to represent the death of any animal that was sacrificed according to God's covenant with Israel. The author also used blood to represent the death of Jesus Christ. Jesus became the perfect sacrifice so that God would forgive people for sinning against him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) -Beginning in [Hebrews 9:19](../../heb/09/19.md), the author used the idea of sprinkling as a symbolic action. Old Testament priests sprinkled the blood of the animals sacrificed. This was a symbol of the benefits of the animal's death being applied to the people or to an object. This showed that the people or the object was acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) +Beginning in [Hebrews 9:19](../../heb/09/19.md), the author used the idea of sprinkling as a symbolic action. Old Testament priests sprinkled the blood of the animals sacrificed. This was a symbol of the benefits of the animal's death being applied to the people or to an object. This showed that the people or the object was acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues @@ -59,4 +59,3 @@ For the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older version * "If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned" (12:20). Some older translations read, "If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned or shot with an arrow." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/01.md b/hos/01/01.md index 01a5242053..7c76104383 100644 --- a/hos/01/01.md +++ b/hos/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The events in this book happened during the time of these kings. (See: [[rc://en # Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. - diff --git a/hos/01/02.md b/hos/01/02.md index 4adf22a20d..6cb49a9ef6 100644 --- a/hos/01/02.md +++ b/hos/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # great prostitution Here "prostitution" represents the people being unfaithful to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/03.md b/hos/01/03.md index 58737a68a7..c90ff15525 100644 --- a/hos/01/03.md +++ b/hos/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gomer ... Diblaim These are names of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/04.md b/hos/01/04.md index f087ab0cd0..09915041ab 100644 --- a/hos/01/04.md +++ b/hos/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "house" means "family," including Jehu's descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # the house of Israel This expression refers to kingdom of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/05.md b/hos/01/05.md index a8a1a4d6af..96856658ae 100644 --- a/hos/01/05.md +++ b/hos/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the bow of Israel Here "bow" refers to the power of the army. Alternate translation: "the military power of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/06.md b/hos/01/06.md index 29566933e4..a47dcb3e1c 100644 --- a/hos/01/06.md +++ b/hos/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lo-Ruhamah This name means "no mercy." The translator may choose to represent this meaning as the name. Alternate translation: "No Mercy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/07.md b/hos/01/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hos/01/07.md +++ b/hos/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hos/01/08.md b/hos/01/08.md index c5e1e4922c..9c9fc5bdea 100644 --- a/hos/01/08.md +++ b/hos/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lo-Ruhamah This name means "no mercy." The translator may choose to represent this meaning as the name. See how you translated this in [Hosea 1:6](../01/06.md). Alternate translation: "No Mercy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/09.md b/hos/01/09.md index 1015d1b6e9..9d763c0e48 100644 --- a/hos/01/09.md +++ b/hos/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lo-Ammi This name means "not my people." The translator may choose to represent this meaning as the name. Alternate translation: "Not My People" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/10.md b/hos/01/10.md index c7d4fd1eab..3821a24bd4 100644 --- a/hos/01/10.md +++ b/hos/01/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This expression probably refers to Jezreel, the city where crimes had been commi # it will be said to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will say to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/11.md b/hos/01/11.md index 6ad8920e37..ff493ec96d 100644 --- a/hos/01/11.md +++ b/hos/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This expression might refer to the land where the people of Israel were in capti # the day of Jezreel This refers to the time when God will put his people back in the land of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hos/01/intro.md b/hos/01/intro.md index 208810964d..5620e65234 100644 --- a/hos/01/intro.md +++ b/hos/01/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,20 @@ # Hosea 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:2-11. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Hosea's marriage -#### Hosea's marriage God does not approve of prostitution, but he told Hosea to marry a prostitute so that the message of Israel's unfaithfulness would be shown to the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) Hosea's marriage to Gomer is a metaphor for the kingdom of Israel's relationship to Yahweh. Israel was unfaithful to Yahweh and broke the covenant with him. Gomer was a woman who was unfaithful to her husband broke her marriage agreement with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Hosea 1-4 is controlled by a metaphor that Hosea lived out. He was personifying the relationship between Israel and Yahweh. Hosea played the part of Yahweh, and Gomer played the part of Israel. @@ -23,4 +24,3 @@ Hosea 1-4 is controlled by a metaphor that Hosea lived out. He was personifying * __[Hosea intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/02/01.md b/hos/02/01.md index d19f5f0af4..cad9103ead 100644 --- a/hos/02/01.md +++ b/hos/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has shown you # compassion "kindness" or "mercy" - diff --git a/hos/02/02.md b/hos/02/02.md index de53f4c3a4..3cddf0839b 100644 --- a/hos/02/02.md +++ b/hos/02/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ A wife who is adulterous leaves her husband to sleep with another man. This is h # from between her breasts This imagery suggests that Israel is relying on the idols and not Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/03.md b/hos/02/03.md index acb2cab939..a656e02b8f 100644 --- a/hos/02/03.md +++ b/hos/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh will change Israel to resemble the wilderness, which is a region that is # I will make her die from thirst Here "thirst" refers to the need to worship and rely on Yahweh, not idols, or Israel will not be able to survive as a nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/04.md b/hos/02/04.md index f28c1f01d5..952139f300 100644 --- a/hos/02/04.md +++ b/hos/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking to Hosea. # for they are children of prostitution The Israelites are acting like they do not belong to Yahweh. Just as their parents did not worship God, Neither do they. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/05.md b/hos/02/05.md index 55abb6400b..3ee48d8b0a 100644 --- a/hos/02/05.md +++ b/hos/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The previous generation who sought out other gods were considered prostitutes fo # I will go after my lovers, for they give me my bread and water, my wool and flax, my oil and drink Here "my lovers" refers to Baal and other false gods, whom Israel has chosen to worship instead of Yahweh. The list of things are essential items that allow the people to live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/06.md b/hos/02/06.md index 51847eb998..221f4a1ada 100644 --- a/hos/02/06.md +++ b/hos/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is talking to Hosea. # Therefore I will build up a hedge to block her way with thorns. I will build up a wall against her so she cannot find her way This passage indicates that Yahweh will prevent his people from finding success and prosperity, becuase they continue to worship idols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/07.md b/hos/02/07.md index 713ee67584..7cf01a9000 100644 --- a/hos/02/07.md +++ b/hos/02/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then she will say, "I will return to my first husband, for it was better for me then than it is now." Israel will return to Yahweh not because of their love for him, but because they are disappointed by their worship of Baal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/08.md b/hos/02/08.md index ea5f3bdd47..b8c7911940 100644 --- a/hos/02/08.md +++ b/hos/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh is speaking to Hosea. - diff --git a/hos/02/09.md b/hos/02/09.md index 9c2f22f1ae..7d96cc3158 100644 --- a/hos/02/09.md +++ b/hos/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This probably means that Israel's harvests and flocks will fail. Yahweh will rem # were used to cover her nakedness This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the people used to clothe themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/10.md b/hos/02/10.md index af81ab81cd..307d18ed01 100644 --- a/hos/02/10.md +++ b/hos/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means God will humiliate the people of Israel in front of the other nations # no one will rescue her out of my hand No one will try to help Israel. Here "hand" refers to God's power to punish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/11.md b/hos/02/11.md index 09dab03d30..6065d17455 100644 --- a/hos/02/11.md +++ b/hos/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her rejoicing Some versions read, "her celebrations," taking this word to be a general term that introduces the words "feasts," "new moon celebrations," "Sabbaths," and "appointed festivals." - diff --git a/hos/02/12.md b/hos/02/12.md index 625080b345..d71c7581a5 100644 --- a/hos/02/12.md +++ b/hos/02/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to payment that Israel received from the false gods or Baals. This d # make them a forest Yahweh will destroy the vineyards and fruit trees by allowing other trees and weeds to grow among them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/13.md b/hos/02/13.md index da55a605a7..f2a6e05713 100644 --- a/hos/02/13.md +++ b/hos/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/14.md b/hos/02/14.md index feacc3064f..ec097a0419 100644 --- a/hos/02/14.md +++ b/hos/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking about Israel. # to allure her to attract her - diff --git a/hos/02/15.md b/hos/02/15.md index 2b6cd104e9..543544dc94 100644 --- a/hos/02/15.md +++ b/hos/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh hopes that the nation of Israel will repent and again choose to worship h # She will answer Some modern versions understand the Hebrew word to mean "She will sing." - diff --git a/hos/02/16.md b/hos/02/16.md index b3a82d4985..e8f6a95e2e 100644 --- a/hos/02/16.md +++ b/hos/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means the people of Israel will love and be faithful to Yahweh just as a wi # My Baal "Baal" means "master" and also refers to the false god that the Canaanites worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/17.md b/hos/02/17.md index 8f4ae8b541..c84f5f99ef 100644 --- a/hos/02/17.md +++ b/hos/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For I will remove the names of the Baals from her mouth The Israelites will not speak the names of Baal and the idols again. The people are represented by their mouths. Alternate translation: "For I will cause you to not speak the names of the Baals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/18.md b/hos/02/18.md index ccdcb88beb..31b1f2d760 100644 --- a/hos/02/18.md +++ b/hos/02/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh will keep Israel's enemies away from them, there will be no more war, the # lie down in safety This expression refers to living in safety. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/19.md b/hos/02/19.md index ed9937ea74..20db79b3a2 100644 --- a/hos/02/19.md +++ b/hos/02/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh will be like the husband, and Israel will be like Yahweh's wife. (See: [[ # in righteousness, justice, covenant faithfulness, and mercy This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns. Alternate translation: "and do what is right, just, faithful, and merciful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/20.md b/hos/02/20.md index 8371261a6f..068c3f5fca 100644 --- a/hos/02/20.md +++ b/hos/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will know Yahweh Here "know" means to acknowledge Yahweh as their God and to be faithful to him. - diff --git a/hos/02/21.md b/hos/02/21.md index a13bce1f1c..b6c44bc6b6 100644 --- a/hos/02/21.md +++ b/hos/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh is speaking to Hosea about what he will do for Israel. - diff --git a/hos/02/22.md b/hos/02/22.md index d41e2a629a..d44dba3092 100644 --- a/hos/02/22.md +++ b/hos/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The land will meet the need for grain, new wine, and olive oil. These things wil # Jezreel Here the name of this valley stands for all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/23.md b/hos/02/23.md index bfaeaf9e29..781c80d48a 100644 --- a/hos/02/23.md +++ b/hos/02/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This name means "no mercy." The translator may choose to represent this meaning # Lo-Ammi This name means "not my people." The translator may choose to represent this meaning as the name. See how you translated this in [Hosea 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: "Not My People" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/02/intro.md b/hos/02/intro.md index c10766298e..17d1400261 100644 --- a/hos/02/intro.md +++ b/hos/02/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,16 @@ # Hosea 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of this chapter, which is poetry, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. Hosea 1-2 is a single series forming one narrative. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor Many relationships are used in this chapter that are metaphors for the relationship between Israel and her God. Brother, sister, husband, wife, mother, and children are examples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter creates an abrupt change of address. The prophet is now addressing the children directly in the first few verses, but the whole chapter is written against Gomer as an illustration of Israel as an adulterous people. God uses Gomer as an illustration to teach the people of Israel how they should be faithful to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ This chapter creates an abrupt change of address. The prophet is now addressing * __[Hosea 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/03/01.md b/hos/03/01.md index fbafd8bc67..3aa5cb7dc3 100644 --- a/hos/03/01.md +++ b/hos/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ By loving the adulterous woman, Hosea will be an example of Yahweh's love for Is # they turn to other gods and love raisin cakes People ate raisin or fig cakes during festivals where they worshiped false gods. - diff --git a/hos/03/02.md b/hos/03/02.md index 34e1ee8459..8ef4a1d89b 100644 --- a/hos/03/02.md +++ b/hos/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the price to buy a slave. # a homer and a lethek of barley This can be stated in modern units. Alternate translation: "330 liters of barley" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/hos/03/03.md b/hos/03/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hos/03/03.md +++ b/hos/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hos/03/04.md b/hos/03/04.md index c9633e7e2c..e5bda86900 100644 --- a/hos/03/04.md +++ b/hos/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the people of Israel will live for many days without a king, prince, sacrifice, stone pillar, ephod or household idols Just as Hosea lived without his wife because she committed adultery, Israel will live without a king and without worshiping God, because they committed idolatry. - diff --git a/hos/03/05.md b/hos/03/05.md index e3d94e72eb..94a214845a 100644 --- a/hos/03/05.md +++ b/hos/03/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "David" represents all the descendants of David. Alternate translation: "a # they will come trembling before Yahweh and his goodness Here "trembling" represents feelings of awe and humility. Alternate translation: "they will come back to Yahweh and will humble themselves, honor him, and ask for his blessings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/03/intro.md b/hos/03/intro.md index bd8501f558..f461eda78e 100644 --- a/hos/03/intro.md +++ b/hos/03/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Hosea 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter focuses on the meaning of the illustration of Hosea's marriage. It is a very short chapter written in prose to show the truth of Israel's relationship with Yahweh. After bearing a number of children for Hosea, Gomer leaves him and prostitutes herself with other men, showing little to no regard for their marriage covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) +This chapter focuses on the meaning of the illustration of Hosea's marriage. It is a very short chapter written in prose to show the truth of Israel's relationship with Yahweh. After bearing a number of children for Hosea, Gomer leaves him and prostitutes herself with other men, showing little to no regard for their marriage covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor This chapter contains a continuation of the metaphor played out in chapter 2. Hosea is told to go and buy his wife out of slavery. Gomer must have been captured and held as a slave due to her adulterous activity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter contains a continuation of the metaphor played out in chapter 2. Ho * __[Hosea 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/04/01.md b/hos/04/01.md index 50132e387b..1335215a0b 100644 --- a/hos/04/01.md +++ b/hos/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh stating that the people of Israel have sinned against him and broken his # lawsuit This is a complaint by one person against another person in a court of law. See how you translated this in [Hosea 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/hos/04/02.md b/hos/04/02.md index e457a3fc58..c7d87d708d 100644 --- a/hos/04/02.md +++ b/hos/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "bounds" stands for the limits of what the law allows. Alternate translatio # bloodshed comes after bloodshed Here "bloodshed" stands for "murder" which often involves making the victim bleed. Alternate translation: "you commit one murder after another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/03.md b/hos/04/03.md index c836155f85..95d54f69ab 100644 --- a/hos/04/03.md +++ b/hos/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ becoming weak and dying because of sickness or lack of food # the beasts ... sea, are being taken away Possible meanings are 1) this is a euphemism for dying. Alternate translation: "the beasts ... sea, are dying" Or 2) this can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God is taking away the beasts ... sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/04.md b/hos/04/04.md index aa0211a41a..a0250ad706 100644 --- a/hos/04/04.md +++ b/hos/04/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ No one should accuse another person of anything because everyone is guilty of so # it is you, the priests, whom I am accusing Many modern translations read, "your people are like those who accuse a priest." - diff --git a/hos/04/05.md b/hos/04/05.md index c18b477251..b95ec3fa35 100644 --- a/hos/04/05.md +++ b/hos/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "stumble" means to disobey God or even to stop trusting him. (See: [[rc://e # I will destroy your mother Here "mother" refers to the nation of Israel. See how you translated this in [Hosea 2:2](../02/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/06.md b/hos/04/06.md index d534023e29..8ea7014a66 100644 --- a/hos/04/06.md +++ b/hos/04/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My people are perishi # knowledge Here "knowledge" refers to the knowledge of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/07.md b/hos/04/07.md index 2446a83068..41b6c740cd 100644 --- a/hos/04/07.md +++ b/hos/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They exchanged their honor for shame Possible meanings are 1) "honor" is a metonym that represents Yahweh, and "shame" is a metonym that represents idols. Alternate translation: "They have stopped worshiping me, their honorable God, and now worship shameful idols" or 2) some Bible versions translate this as "I will exchange their honor for shame." This means Yahweh will take away the things which the priests honor and cause the priests to be ashamed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/08.md b/hos/04/08.md index f9d2cbaab6..28d429980e 100644 --- a/hos/04/08.md +++ b/hos/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ When people sinned, they would offer sacrifices so God would forgive them. The p # they are greedy for more of their iniquity The priests want the people to sin more so that the people will offer more sacrifices that the priests may eat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/09.md b/hos/04/09.md index 233d1c30c1..8c889dfddc 100644 --- a/hos/04/09.md +++ b/hos/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # their practices "their habits" or "their conduct" - diff --git a/hos/04/10.md b/hos/04/10.md index 43853df354..50887bc01d 100644 --- a/hos/04/10.md +++ b/hos/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is talking about Israel. # to Yahweh Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. This can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: "to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/11.md b/hos/04/11.md index 490420c1ea..6e27b8a55d 100644 --- a/hos/04/11.md +++ b/hos/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is talking about Israel. # Prostitution, wine, and new wine take away understanding The people of Israel are pursuing sex outside of marriage and drinking too much wine. In doing these activities they have forgotten Yahweh's commands. These actions are spoken of here as if they were someone who could prevent people from understanding the importance of obeying Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/12.md b/hos/04/12.md index 9b2f4084f6..e5a3b414df 100644 --- a/hos/04/12.md +++ b/hos/04/12.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Idol worshipers used walking sticks to help them predict the future. The walking # A spirit of prostitution has led them astray Here "spirit" refers to a person's desire. Here "prostitution" refers to spiritual prostitution that the people commit when they worship idols. Alternate translation: "Their desire to act as a prostitute has led them astray" + # has led them astray Causing someone to sin is described as leading a person in the wrong direction. Alternate translation: "has caused the people to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/13.md b/hos/04/13.md index 4f1890f376..4f5cc01648 100644 --- a/hos/04/13.md +++ b/hos/04/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It was common for the people to set up idols in these places, often called "high # daughters-in-law Some modern translations read, "brides." - diff --git a/hos/04/14.md b/hos/04/14.md index 63d82d7512..75880c4b96 100644 --- a/hos/04/14.md +++ b/hos/04/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were women who had sexual relations with men who came to worship certain i # So this people who does not understand will be thrown down Yahweh will destroy the nation of Israel because they do not understand or obey God's commandments. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/15.md b/hos/04/15.md index ece02f3cb0..ff74adfb28 100644 --- a/hos/04/15.md +++ b/hos/04/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people of Judah are being warned not to go to the cities of Gilgal or Beth A # Beth Aven This was a city on the border between the northern kingdom of Israel and the tribe of Benjamin in the southern kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/16.md b/hos/04/16.md index 18994e298d..2dfd249e07 100644 --- a/hos/04/16.md +++ b/hos/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he cannot continue to take care of the # How can Yahweh Here Yahweh is speaking of himself in the third person. It can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: "How can I" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/17.md b/hos/04/17.md index 576832f609..16105317fb 100644 --- a/hos/04/17.md +++ b/hos/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is talking about Israel. # Ephraim united himself with idols; leave him alone Here "Ephraim" represents the whole northern kingdom of Israel, which is a metonym for the people who live there. They chose to worship idols, instead of Yahweh. Yahweh is commanding Hosea to not try to correct them. The people of Israel will not listen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/18.md b/hos/04/18.md index a17300a03c..61a9e9cd51 100644 --- a/hos/04/18.md +++ b/hos/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her rulers dearly love their shame The rulers are not ashamed of what they are doing when they worship idols and turn against Yahweh. - diff --git a/hos/04/19.md b/hos/04/19.md index 351074d017..465e95ec0e 100644 --- a/hos/04/19.md +++ b/hos/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The wind will wrap her up in its wings Here "wind" represents God's judgment and anger against the nation of Israel. Yahweh will allow the enemy army to defeat the people of Israel and take them as captives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/04/intro.md b/hos/04/intro.md index 2015524b58..6eed74769e 100644 --- a/hos/04/intro.md +++ b/hos/04/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,23 @@ # Hosea 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The author stops using the metaphor of a husband/wife relationship and begins using a new illustration using lawsuits. God is suing the people of Israel because of all the wrong they have done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Lawsuits +### Lawsuits -Lawsuits are special cases where people go to court when they have a legal issue to resolve between them. Normally, one party is accusing another party of having done wrong. +Lawsuits are special cases where people go to court when they have a legal issue to resolve between them. Normally, one party is accusing another party of having done wrong. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metonymy +### Metonymy -Metonymy is used in the first few verses of this chapter. Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or idea is called not by its own name, but by the name of something closely associated with it. Bloodshed is associated with murder. Stumbling represents sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) - +Metonymy is used in the first few verses of this chapter. Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or idea is called not by its own name, but by the name of something closely associated with it. Bloodshed is associated with murder. Stumbling represents sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: * __[Hosea 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/05/01.md b/hos/05/01.md index 4caa29ca26..c10b97d587 100644 --- a/hos/05/01.md +++ b/hos/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is talking about Israel. # You have been a snare at Mizpah and a net spread over Tabor A snare and a net are both objects used to catch prey. In this case, the priests and the royal household had devised ways to keep the people away from Yahweh, while enticing them into idolatry. Mizpah and Tabor were places for idol worship in the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/05/02.md b/hos/05/02.md index 7ffbd9ed87..ba7c0bcc14 100644 --- a/hos/05/02.md +++ b/hos/05/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Some modern versions interpret the Hebrew expression as standing for wickedness. # I will punish all of them The translator can represent this as "I will punish all of you." - diff --git a/hos/05/03.md b/hos/05/03.md index 27cc340be1..6e4719baf9 100644 --- a/hos/05/03.md +++ b/hos/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here, "Ephraim" and "Israel" both refer to the whole northern kingdom of Israel, # Ephraim, now you have become like a prostitute Ephraim is presented in terms of a prostitute because the people have become unfaithful to God, as a prostitute is faithful to no man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/05/04.md b/hos/05/04.md index 9282ff4c07..760ac7ec54 100644 --- a/hos/05/04.md +++ b/hos/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The translator can represent this as "to turn to me ... they do not know me," or # they do not know Yahweh Israel no longer obeys Yahweh in any way. They do not acknowledge Yahweh as their God. - diff --git a/hos/05/05.md b/hos/05/05.md index 1f2b1fea68..669854bd55 100644 --- a/hos/05/05.md +++ b/hos/05/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This describes "pride" as a person who testifies against the people of Israel in # so Israel and Ephraim will stumble in their guilt; and Judah also will stumble with them The two kingdoms will become completely disobedient to God because of their pride and sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hos/05/06.md b/hos/05/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hos/05/06.md +++ b/hos/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hos/05/07.md b/hos/05/07.md index e4bd9c815b..57684d71e8 100644 --- a/hos/05/07.md +++ b/hos/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this means the Israelites were marrying people from oth # Now the new moon festivals will devour them with their fields The people of Israel were supposed to celebrate during the new moon. Here this expression seems to describe the new moon festival as a beast that will eat the people and their fields. However, it is hard to interpret this expression; many versions translate it without making much sense of it. However, the overall meaning is certainly that God will punish the people for their unfaithfulness to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/hos/05/08.md b/hos/05/08.md index a060daa8f2..4f6f925878 100644 --- a/hos/05/08.md +++ b/hos/05/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Benjamin" represents the soldiers from the tribe of Benjamin. This may be # Beth Aven This was a city on the border between the northern kingdom of Israel and the tribe of Benjamin in the southern kingdom. See how you translated this in [Hosea 4:15](../04/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/05/09.md b/hos/05/09.md index 9105b5b678..5d868d53be 100644 --- a/hos/05/09.md +++ b/hos/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Many versions understand the word "rebuke" here as a euphemism for "punishment." # Among the tribes of Israel I have declared what is certain to happen "I will do to the tribes of Israel what I have declared" - diff --git a/hos/05/10.md b/hos/05/10.md index 9e185705f0..d1cd1dcc84 100644 --- a/hos/05/10.md +++ b/hos/05/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "move a boundary stone" refers to moving the landmark that marked the border # I will pour my wrath on them like water Yahweh's wrath against Judah will be like a large stream of water that destroys them. In the scriptures, emotions and moral qualities are often spoken of as if they were liquids. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/05/11.md b/hos/05/11.md index 3392acaa26..6f65c8ae9a 100644 --- a/hos/05/11.md +++ b/hos/05/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "walked" represents the idea of worshiping. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # idols The Hebrew word translated here as "idols" is uncertain in its meaning, and is translated by modern versions in many different ways. - diff --git a/hos/05/12.md b/hos/05/12.md index bed93d9d60..676e8825d6 100644 --- a/hos/05/12.md +++ b/hos/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A moth on a piece of wool and rot in a piece of wood are both destructive. Yahwe # moth ... rot These two terms are translated in various ways because the meaning of the Hebrew word is either very broad or it is uncertain. - diff --git a/hos/05/13.md b/hos/05/13.md index 3982d54722..8f0f8b1382 100644 --- a/hos/05/13.md +++ b/hos/05/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ephraim and Judah asked Assyria for help instead of asking Yahweh for help. "Gre # But he was not able Here "he" refers to the king of Assyria. - diff --git a/hos/05/14.md b/hos/05/14.md index 9ff7b8528f..1611ce9b06 100644 --- a/hos/05/14.md +++ b/hos/05/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh is emphasizing that he is the one that is bringing judgment on all of his # will tear As a lion tears apart the animal it is eating, so Yahweh will tear his people away from their homes and country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/05/15.md b/hos/05/15.md index 0d8e7dbc22..2693ac9bf9 100644 --- a/hos/05/15.md +++ b/hos/05/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh will leave his rebellious people. # seek my face Try to come into God's presence by means of worship and sacrifice. Alternate translation: "ask me to pay attention to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/05/intro.md b/hos/05/intro.md index 1d316375fd..06d6560377 100644 --- a/hos/05/intro.md +++ b/hos/05/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Hosea 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter continues using the poetic form exclusively. +This chapter continues using the poetic form exclusively. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter The author uses Ephraim and Israel interchangeably. They both refer to the northern kingdom of Israel. Judah is also mentioned and refers to the southern kingdom of Judah. Benjamin is part of the southern kingdom of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter This chapter is full of metaphors and similes. The writer uses these figures of speech to show how Yahweh will treat his people for not obeying his instructions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter is full of metaphors and similes. The writer uses these figures of * __[Hosea 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/06/01.md b/hos/06/01.md index 5ee4af4995..a3173e640b 100644 --- a/hos/06/01.md +++ b/hos/06/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God has punished the people of Israel because they disobeyed him and worshiped i # he will heal us ... he will bandage our wounds Israel believes that God will be merciful to them when they repent and he will deliver them from their troubles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/hos/06/02.md b/hos/06/02.md index d7b6a02fe3..4dcd860ae0 100644 --- a/hos/06/02.md +++ b/hos/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents a short period of time. Israel believes God will quickly come to # two days ... the third day "2 days ... day 3" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/hos/06/03.md b/hos/06/03.md index 4aa3709389..1b6b595aee 100644 --- a/hos/06/03.md +++ b/hos/06/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "know" means not only to learn God's character and laws, but also to become # His coming out is as sure as the dawn Yahweh will come to help his people just as surely as the sun rises each morning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/06/04.md b/hos/06/04.md index 7fc4f0a882..949f123620 100644 --- a/hos/06/04.md +++ b/hos/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # what will I do with you? God is expressing that his patience is coming to an end and what remains is judgment. Alternate translation: "it is hard to know what to do with you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/hos/06/05.md b/hos/06/05.md index be10d967c3..ae86c37ca6 100644 --- a/hos/06/05.md +++ b/hos/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh has judged Ephraim [Hosea 6:4](./04.md) in a way that people can see plai # Your judgments Some modern translations read, "My judgments," referring to the actions Yahweh has taken against Ephraim. - diff --git a/hos/06/06.md b/hos/06/06.md index 5550318de6..e13c19618d 100644 --- a/hos/06/06.md +++ b/hos/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # For I delight in covenant faithfulness and not sacrifice This grammatical construction in Hebrew signals here the idea of "more than," as the next line shows ("and the knowledge of God more than burnt offerings"). Alternate translation: "For I delight in covenant faithfulness more than I delight in sacrifice" or "For I delight in sacrifices, but I delight in covenant faithfulness even more" - diff --git a/hos/06/07.md b/hos/06/07.md index 004c3fc081..17dd42a454 100644 --- a/hos/06/07.md +++ b/hos/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Like Adam These words could be 1) a literal reference to Adam, the first man or 2) a metonym that represents the people who live in a city in Israel called Adam. Alternate translation: "Like the people in the city of Adam" or 3) a literal reference to people in general. The word "Adam" means "man" or "humankind." Alternate translation: "Like all of humankind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/06/08.md b/hos/06/08.md index 3de1b78064..f1d4dcc4f3 100644 --- a/hos/06/08.md +++ b/hos/06/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # Gilead is a city ... with footprints of blood "Footprints of blood" probably represents the evildoers and their acts of murder. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/06/09.md b/hos/06/09.md index ec6909682d..45a5327e02 100644 --- a/hos/06/09.md +++ b/hos/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priests band together to commit murder on the way to Shechem We do not know what this refers to. Were priests actually guilty of attacking people on their way to Shechem, which was an important religious and political center? Or is the prophet saying that the priests have "killed" true knowledge and worship of Yahweh? It is best to translate this expression as plainly as possible. - diff --git a/hos/06/10.md b/hos/06/10.md index 256d5edcc5..9ca70a5fb8 100644 --- a/hos/06/10.md +++ b/hos/06/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "prostitution" refers to Ephraim's worship of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/t # Israel has become unclean Israel has become unacceptable to God because of her actions. - diff --git a/hos/06/11.md b/hos/06/11.md index 9be8c1b0d5..9c4a28ef4a 100644 --- a/hos/06/11.md +++ b/hos/06/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "harvest" represents God's final judgment on Israel and Judah. (See: [[rc:/ # I will reverse the captivity of my people "I will reverse the captivity of my people." The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. Alternate translation: "I will free my people from those who had captured them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/hos/06/intro.md b/hos/06/intro.md index e2ceb93717..b7c4134ed9 100644 --- a/hos/06/intro.md +++ b/hos/06/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ # Hosea 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues using the poetic form to show how Yahweh will still show mercy to his wayward people, the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah. Gilead is an area in the northern kingdom of Israel where several of the tribes lived. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Change in speaker -There is a change in person from 6:1-3 to 6:4-11. In the first passage, the speaker is an anonymous Israelite, but in the rest of the chapter, the speaker is Yahweh. +### Change in speaker -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +There is a change in person from 6:1-3 to 6:4-11. In the first passage, the speaker is an anonymous Israelite, but in the rest of the chapter, the speaker is Yahweh. -#### Metaphor -Throughout the chapter, the author uses the metaphor of prostitution to say that his people have abandoned him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor + +Throughout the chapter, the author uses the metaphor of prostitution to say that his people have abandoned him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: * __[Hosea 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/07/01.md b/hos/07/01.md index e8192a2991..bdf138b769 100644 --- a/hos/07/01.md +++ b/hos/07/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people are selling and buying products dishonestly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # marauding band This is a group of people who are attacking other people without cause. - diff --git a/hos/07/02.md b/hos/07/02.md index 6669ed0ae1..e004245687 100644 --- a/hos/07/02.md +++ b/hos/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people's evil deeds are probably spoken of here as if they were other people # they are before my face Here God is represented by his "face" which emphasizes his presence and awareness. Alternate translation: "and I see it all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/03.md b/hos/07/03.md index 2539ae16c6..10a0776f18 100644 --- a/hos/07/03.md +++ b/hos/07/03.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ Yahweh is speaking. The Hebrew text is not clear in various places. However, many people interpret it as describing the royal officials as being unfaithful to God, and also as planning to assassinate the king, and then carrying out their plans. This seems to have happened more than once. These crimes are mentioned as illustrations of the wickedness into which the nation has sunk. # by their lies the officials -The missing information can be supplied. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: "by their lies they make the officials glad" or 2) Alternate translation: "by their lies the officials make the king glad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) +The missing information can be supplied. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: "by their lies they make the officials glad" or 2) Alternate translation: "by their lies the officials make the king glad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) diff --git a/hos/07/04.md b/hos/07/04.md index 273571561d..0bc42459c4 100644 --- a/hos/07/04.md +++ b/hos/07/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. This means the people had strong desires to d # kneading of the dough This is a part of the process of making bread. - diff --git a/hos/07/05.md b/hos/07/05.md index 92040e29a1..ac236f4634 100644 --- a/hos/07/05.md +++ b/hos/07/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is perhaps a festival held by the king. # He reached out with his hand This probably means to unite or join with someone. It may mean that the king joins with his officials to mock things or people that should not be mocked, even God himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/06.md b/hos/07/06.md index ae4a0f870a..45f97da624 100644 --- a/hos/07/06.md +++ b/hos/07/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "smolders" means something is burning slowly without a flame. Alternate # it burns high like a flaming fire The intensity of their anger is spoken of as if it was a very hot fire. Alternate translation: "it gets very intense" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/07.md b/hos/07/07.md index 8c3d5ad33e..885725fe8a 100644 --- a/hos/07/07.md +++ b/hos/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This compares their anger to the heat that comes from an oven. (See: [[rc://en/t # they devour those who rule over them This seems to mean that the court officials kill their kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/08.md b/hos/07/08.md index 5bb38304c6..c183f22326 100644 --- a/hos/07/08.md +++ b/hos/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is probably a reference to the efforts made by the northern kingdom's kings # Ephraim is a flat cake that has not been turned over This can be stated in active form. Here "Ephraim" refers to the northern kingdom of Israel. The nation is weak, as flat bread that has not been doubled over in the oven by the baker for more strength. Alternate translation: "The people of Ephraim are like a cake that no one has turned over" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/09.md b/hos/07/09.md index 86d58edc24..8ae321a922 100644 --- a/hos/07/09.md +++ b/hos/07/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "gray hairs" represent old age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # but he does not know it However, this "old age" is clearly a way of saying that the northern kingdom is getting weaker and weaker, because the nation does not know it is "old." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/10.md b/hos/07/10.md index 3d0a5429c8..d2eef98e5a 100644 --- a/hos/07/10.md +++ b/hos/07/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Israel's lack of interest in Yahweh is spoken of as if he was lost and they were # in spite of all this Here "this" refers God allowing foreigners to defeat them and make them weak. - diff --git a/hos/07/11.md b/hos/07/11.md index faae955d4b..1538059207 100644 --- a/hos/07/11.md +++ b/hos/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Doves were thought to be foolish birds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] # Egypt ... Assyria These were powerful nations that Israel could ask for help. - diff --git a/hos/07/12.md b/hos/07/12.md index 05625b5dac..bf20f62b91 100644 --- a/hos/07/12.md +++ b/hos/07/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the way he will judge Israel as if they were birds that he woul # in their flocking together This expression extends the metaphor of the birds. Alternate translation: "when they gather together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/13.md b/hos/07/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hos/07/13.md +++ b/hos/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hos/07/14.md b/hos/07/14.md index 9b8ee6669f..3a9a20b885 100644 --- a/hos/07/14.md +++ b/hos/07/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Some modern translations read, "they slash themselves" to make themselves bleed. # they turn away from me Here no longer worshiping God is spoken of as turning away from him. Alternate translation: "they no longer worship me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/15.md b/hos/07/15.md index 9db4694579..3ef2b37027 100644 --- a/hos/07/15.md +++ b/hos/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Though I trained them and strengthened their arms This may be a military metaphor, in which God training the Israelites to love him and obey him is spoken of as if he had been training their men for war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/16.md b/hos/07/16.md index 7a7976a326..958c50533f 100644 --- a/hos/07/16.md +++ b/hos/07/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "tongue" refers to what the officials say. Alternate translation: "because # This will become their mockery in the land of Egypt The abstract noun "mockery" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "This is why people in Egypt will mock and laugh at Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/hos/07/intro.md b/hos/07/intro.md index 9d82ef330f..b94d7b6b07 100644 --- a/hos/07/intro.md +++ b/hos/07/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,23 @@ # Hosea 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter continues using poetic forms to speak of Yahweh's anger over the sin of the people. The people are not seeking Yahweh; they are seeking other gods and looking for salvation from other nations like Egypt and Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) +This chapter continues using poetic forms to speak of Yahweh's anger over the sin of the people. The people are not seeking Yahweh; they are seeking other gods and looking for salvation from other nations like Egypt and Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Baking +### Baking -Baking of bread is an extended metaphor in this chapter. Yahweh uses various aspects of this activity to show his displeasure with their sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +Baking of bread is an extended metaphor in this chapter. Yahweh uses various aspects of this activity to show his displeasure with their sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Israel and Ephraim -This chapter begins by using two different names for the same group of people: Israel and Ephraim. It also mentions Samaria, which was the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel. +### Israel and Ephraim + +This chapter begins by using two different names for the same group of people: Israel and Ephraim. It also mentions Samaria, which was the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel. ## Links: * __[Hosea 7:1](../../hos/07/01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/08/01.md b/hos/08/01.md index 2e3ae0eebb..04317b6dd2 100644 --- a/hos/08/01.md +++ b/hos/08/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The eagle, a bird of prey, is sometimes used to represent the enemies of Israel. # broken my covenant Here "broken" represents "disobeyed," "violated." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/08/02.md b/hos/08/02.md index 6923a76ede..9443af6351 100644 --- a/hos/08/02.md +++ b/hos/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # know you "are faithful to you" - diff --git a/hos/08/03.md b/hos/08/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hos/08/03.md +++ b/hos/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hos/08/04.md b/hos/08/04.md index 000a04838f..d67635db8f 100644 --- a/hos/08/04.md +++ b/hos/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # but it was only so they might be cut off This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but the result will be that I will destroy the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hos/08/05.md b/hos/08/05.md index 8416c43e4a..7622a350ea 100644 --- a/hos/08/05.md +++ b/hos/08/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Anger is often spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: "I am very # For how long will they be incapable of innocence? Possible meanings of this rhetorical question are 1) Yahweh is expressing his anger about his people being guilty of sin. Alternate translation: "I am angry with these people because they have no desire to be innocent." Or 2) he is threatening to punish them soon. Alternate translation: "They will not be able to avoid being punished for much longer." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/hos/08/06.md b/hos/08/06.md index d0eb9de3e0..c6d6409237 100644 --- a/hos/08/06.md +++ b/hos/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh is speaking. - diff --git a/hos/08/07.md b/hos/08/07.md index 86fab9405a..5f21a5b555 100644 --- a/hos/08/07.md +++ b/hos/08/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "head" refers to the part of the plant where the grain is. A stalk with no # If it does come to maturity, foreigners will devour it If any of Israel's actions do happen to result in something good, Israel's enemies will come and take it from them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/08/08.md b/hos/08/08.md index f976199b68..8b5bdc1111 100644 --- a/hos/08/08.md +++ b/hos/08/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # Israel is swallowed up "swallowed" means to be defeated and taken into exile. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemies of Israel have taken the Israelites away to other lands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hos/08/09.md b/hos/08/09.md index e5aecdf01b..282ffd2e5b 100644 --- a/hos/08/09.md +++ b/hos/08/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People often think of donkeys as being stubborn. This means the people of Israel # Ephraim has hired lovers for herself Ephraim's alliances with other nations are spoken of as if they had paid them to become prostitutes for Ephraim. Alternate translation: "The people of Israel have tried to pay other nations to protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/08/10.md b/hos/08/10.md index e1a9654e97..b12f1aea31 100644 --- a/hos/08/10.md +++ b/hos/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ That is, because the Assyrian king, also called "the Great King," will make the # burden This probably refers to a tax or other form of oppression. - diff --git a/hos/08/11.md b/hos/08/11.md index d0eb9de3e0..c6d6409237 100644 --- a/hos/08/11.md +++ b/hos/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh is speaking. - diff --git a/hos/08/12.md b/hos/08/12.md index 4e5017acf8..7aa423f229 100644 --- a/hos/08/12.md +++ b/hos/08/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ten thousand is a very large number. It did not matter how many times God might # they would view it as something strange to them "they would think of it as something strange to them" or "they would think of it as something foreign to them" - diff --git a/hos/08/13.md b/hos/08/13.md index 57e565d58a..f0bd863bcd 100644 --- a/hos/08/13.md +++ b/hos/08/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # They will return to Egypt Because of their sin, God will send his people away as slaves to the Egyptians. - diff --git a/hos/08/14.md b/hos/08/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hos/08/14.md +++ b/hos/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hos/08/intro.md b/hos/08/intro.md index e5a0b3c9f0..ba16631cfc 100644 --- a/hos/08/intro.md +++ b/hos/08/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,16 @@ # Hosea 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues to use the poetic form to communicate several other ways the people of Israel have sinned against God. First, Yahweh notes that they have set up a king without consulting him. Next, they set up or reinstalled the golden calves of Samaria. Last, they were seeking help from other nations like Egypt and Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -This chapter contains some references to the "calf of Samaria." This most likely refers to an image that was set up by an earlier king of Israel. He did this in order to discourage his people from going to Jerusalem, which was part of the southern kingdom of Judah. +This chapter contains some references to the "calf of Samaria." This most likely refers to an image that was set up by an earlier king of Israel. He did this in order to discourage his people from going to Jerusalem, which was part of the southern kingdom of Judah. ## Links: * __[Hosea 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/09/01.md b/hos/09/01.md index bd554aa982..0b7156b016 100644 --- a/hos/09/01.md +++ b/hos/09/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Hosea the prophet is speaking. - diff --git a/hos/09/02.md b/hos/09/02.md index 9defa6a1fa..040e94d9b1 100644 --- a/hos/09/02.md +++ b/hos/09/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This describes the threshing floor and the winepress as if they were humans that # the new wine will fail them There will not be enough grape juice to make wine with. - diff --git a/hos/09/03.md b/hos/09/03.md index fda109362e..61af1ba1a0 100644 --- a/hos/09/03.md +++ b/hos/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This expression signals that Yahweh continues to view the land of Israel as his # unclean food This is food that the Israelites would normally refuse to eat because it would make them unacceptable to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/04.md b/hos/09/04.md index e6abcb19ac..35f3a9ea8b 100644 --- a/hos/09/04.md +++ b/hos/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people of Israel will have food to eat, but Yahweh will not accept it as a s # it will not come into the house of Yahweh The unclean food is spoken of as if it were able to go places by itself. Of course, people actually had to take it with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/05.md b/hos/09/05.md index dc959ba7fe..0454c6236b 100644 --- a/hos/09/05.md +++ b/hos/09/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Hosea uses this question to emphasize that the people will no longer be able to # the day of an appointed festival ... the day of a festival for Yahweh Both of these mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/06.md b/hos/09/06.md index dc054ecbfb..6504bb2cb0 100644 --- a/hos/09/06.md +++ b/hos/09/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "sharp briers" and "thorns" mean the same thing. To have briers and thorns # their tents Here "tents" represents the Israelites' homes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/07.md b/hos/09/07.md index 9bab8025e1..23f437c317 100644 --- a/hos/09/07.md +++ b/hos/09/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "prophet" and "inspired man" both mean a person who claims to receive messa # because of your abundant iniquity and great hostility The phrases "abundant iniquity" and "great hostility" share similar meanings. The iniquity of the people manifested itself in hostility towards Yahweh and his prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/08.md b/hos/09/08.md index 04856c15e4..76df202e4e 100644 --- a/hos/09/08.md +++ b/hos/09/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "Ephraim" represents all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # a bird snare is on all of his paths A "bird snare" is a trap used to catch a bird. This means the people of Israel do whatever they can to stop God's prophet. Alternate translation: "the people set a trap for him wherever he goes" or "the people do all they can to harm him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/09.md b/hos/09/09.md index 65d8c56249..e0c80fcce4 100644 --- a/hos/09/09.md +++ b/hos/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They have deeply corrupted themselves as in the days of Gibeah "The people of Israel have sinned and become very corrupt as they did at Gibeah long ago." This is probably a reference to the shocking actions of the tribe of Benjamin recounted in Judges 19-21. - diff --git a/hos/09/10.md b/hos/09/10.md index cb5e817c06..4570cc33bc 100644 --- a/hos/09/10.md +++ b/hos/09/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Both of these statements emphasize situations that are pleasing to a person. Thi # Baal Peor This is the name of a mountain in the land of Moab where the false god Baal was worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/11.md b/hos/09/11.md index b774e125c9..43db7c45dc 100644 --- a/hos/09/11.md +++ b/hos/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # their glory will fly away like a bird The people of Ephraim, or the northern kingdom of Israel, will lose everything that makes other nations respect them. Their glory will quickly disappear, as a bird flies away. Alternate translation: "their glory will be like a bird that flies away from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/12.md b/hos/09/12.md index 3915eb9f1b..a8539ca282 100644 --- a/hos/09/12.md +++ b/hos/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when I turn away from them When God stops helping the northern kingdom, it will be as if he physically turned away from them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/13.md b/hos/09/13.md index 4e75843841..cf89ba85b0 100644 --- a/hos/09/13.md +++ b/hos/09/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Ephraim" represents the whole northern kingdom of Israel. These places ref # but Ephraim will bring out his children The word "children" are the people from that nation. Alternate translation: "but the people of Israel will bring out their children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/14.md b/hos/09/14.md index 10a57117eb..82811d5748 100644 --- a/hos/09/14.md +++ b/hos/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hosea uses a question to emphasize that he wants Yahweh to give the people of Is # a miscarrying womb To "miscarry" means that a pregnancy ends too early and the baby dies. Hosea is asking that all the nation's women be like that. - diff --git a/hos/09/15.md b/hos/09/15.md index 9208757c47..15880029bc 100644 --- a/hos/09/15.md +++ b/hos/09/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is stating that he will force Israel out of his land, the land of Canaan. # their officials the men who serve the king - diff --git a/hos/09/16.md b/hos/09/16.md index 66ac06464d..5405ab949f 100644 --- a/hos/09/16.md +++ b/hos/09/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking in verse 16. Hosea begins speaking in verse 17. # Ephraim is diseased, and their root is dried up; they bear no fruit Yahweh speaks of the people of Israel as if they were a diseased tree that does not produce fruit and is ready to be cut down. This is a statement that the people have become weak, and that soon their enemies will come and defeat them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/09/17.md b/hos/09/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hos/09/17.md +++ b/hos/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hos/09/intro.md b/hos/09/intro.md index 5bf0cc5b88..e571b6af76 100644 --- a/hos/09/intro.md +++ b/hos/09/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ # Hosea 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The chapter is written in poetic form to speak of Yahweh's displeasure with Israel's sins. He is showing the many ways in which they do not honor him. The priests and kings do not understand how they have totally broken their covenant with Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Exile -#### Exile Because the covenant has been broken, the people will be exiled into another land. This actually shows the mercy of God toward his people. He did not destroy them; he simply moved them to another place. However, this chapter goes into detail about many parts of their society to show how far they have moved away from truly worshiping Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Change in speaker -In verse 16, Yahweh is speaking; but in verse 17, Hosea starts speaking. There is a change in pronouns; the use of "my God" must imply that someone other than Yahweh is speaking. +### Change in speaker + +In verse 16, Yahweh is speaking; but in verse 17, Hosea starts speaking. There is a change in pronouns; the use of "my God" must imply that someone other than Yahweh is speaking. ## Links: * __[Hosea 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/10/01.md b/hos/10/01.md index 3006bf006b..c0dac5cc89 100644 --- a/hos/10/01.md +++ b/hos/10/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This vine produces more fruit than normal. # As his fruit increased ... As his land produced more Both of these mean as the people prospered and grew stronger and richer. - diff --git a/hos/10/02.md b/hos/10/02.md index 14a8fb0f57..1efa127f61 100644 --- a/hos/10/02.md +++ b/hos/10/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "heart" refers to the whole person, emphasizing their emotions and desires. # now they must bear their guilt Here "guilt" is a metonym for the punishment that is associated with it. This punishment is spoken of as if it was a heavy load for them to carry. Alternate translation: "now is the time that Yahweh will punish them for their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/03.md b/hos/10/03.md index c97ef3e7ba..a6d2eca3bb 100644 --- a/hos/10/03.md +++ b/hos/10/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hosea is speaking about Israel. # and a king—what could he do for us? The people wills say that their kings could not have helped them. Alternate translation: "Even if we had a king now, he could not help us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/04.md b/hos/10/04.md index ef6992677e..e18682cc39 100644 --- a/hos/10/04.md +++ b/hos/10/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ What they people called justice in their laws and legal decisions is spoken of a # like poisonous weeds in the furrows of a field Their lies and injustice spread throughout their nation and harm everyone like poisonous plants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/05.md b/hos/10/05.md index c2812c4c28..e2a30ae914 100644 --- a/hos/10/05.md +++ b/hos/10/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hosea is speaking about Israel. # Beth Aven This was a city on the border between the northern kingdom of Israel and the tribe of Benjamin in the southern kingdom. See how you translated this in [Hosea 4:15](../04/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/06.md b/hos/10/06.md index d68b54b9fd..4dabfacb4a 100644 --- a/hos/10/06.md +++ b/hos/10/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "And the people of Isr # its idol Many versions interpret the Hebrew word in this passage as "advice," "plans," or "intentions." - diff --git a/hos/10/07.md b/hos/10/07.md index 6d11c8ee7f..eb03d4fa19 100644 --- a/hos/10/07.md +++ b/hos/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Assyrians will de # like a chip of wood on the surface of the water This means the king of Samaria will be as helpless as a small piece of wood that waves of the water toss back and forth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/08.md b/hos/10/08.md index 4f2582ceff..47fa1cb691 100644 --- a/hos/10/08.md +++ b/hos/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Assyrians will de # The people will say to the mountains, "Cover us!" and to the hills, "Fall on us!" People do not normally speak to things that cannot think or hear them. Translators may choose to have a different format for this passage if their languages do not allow such speech. Alternate translation: "The people will say, 'We wish the mountains would cover us!' and 'We wish the hills would fall on us!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/09.md b/hos/10/09.md index 99c490ce39..7a573e040f 100644 --- a/hos/10/09.md +++ b/hos/10/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that those in Gibeah who do wrong will certa # the sons of wrong Here "son of" is an idiom that means "having the characteristic of." Alternate translation: "those who do wrong" or "the evildoers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/10.md b/hos/10/10.md index f9f83ae1a7..7db856ae8d 100644 --- a/hos/10/10.md +++ b/hos/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # double iniquity This refers to the many sins of Israel. - diff --git a/hos/10/11.md b/hos/10/11.md index af5913477c..b471ca229f 100644 --- a/hos/10/11.md +++ b/hos/10/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Judah" refers to the people of the southern kingdom and "Jacob" is the peo # harrow a tool used to smooth the land and cover the seeds after plowing - diff --git a/hos/10/12.md b/hos/10/12.md index bee6c8bae7..79f86b7a48 100644 --- a/hos/10/12.md +++ b/hos/10/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Righteousness and covenant faithfulness are spoken of as if they were crops that # Break up your unplowed ground When the ground is "unplowed" it is not ready to be planted. Yahweh means he wants the people to repent so they can start doing what is right. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/13.md b/hos/10/13.md index c879cccd8f..bc0e5bab28 100644 --- a/hos/10/13.md +++ b/hos/10/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Wickedness and injustice are spoken of as if they were crops that could be sown # You have eaten the fruit of deception The result of deception are spoken of as if they were a food that could be eaten. Alternate translation: "You now suffer the consequences of having deceived each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/14.md b/hos/10/14.md index a1758d2e8c..065d7dca95 100644 --- a/hos/10/14.md +++ b/hos/10/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a king who destroyed the city of Beth Arbel around 740 BC. H # Beth Arbel This is likely the name of a city of the tribe of Naphtali. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/15.md b/hos/10/15.md index e986817bcc..b5845f5e4c 100644 --- a/hos/10/15.md +++ b/hos/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So it will happen to you, Bethel, because of your great wickedness Here "Bethel" represents the people who live there. The prophet addresses the people of Bethel as if they were there listening to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/hos/10/intro.md b/hos/10/intro.md index d2fd6b3b63..83d11f3ab9 100644 --- a/hos/10/intro.md +++ b/hos/10/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,21 @@ # Hosea 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is written in poetic form and continues the theme of Israel's many sins against Yahweh. Even though Israel prospered for a time as they multiplied their sins, Yahweh was leading them toward destruction. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +This chapter is written in poetic form and continues the theme of Israel's many sins against Yahweh. Even though Israel prospered for a time as they multiplied their sins, Yahweh was leading them toward destruction. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -Yahweh's relationship to his people was not based on his people's actions. Even though they rebelled, Yahweh still desired to rescue them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) +Yahweh's relationship to his people was not based on his people's actions. Even though they rebelled, Yahweh still desired to rescue them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Jacob +### Jacob -The repeated use of different names for the two kingdoms can be confusing. In verse 11, "Ephraim" refers to the northern kingdom of Israel, and "Judah" refers to the southern kingdom of Judah. However, Jacob is also mentioned. This use of "Jacob" makes us think of the earlier unified nation and may also refer to a future unified nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +The repeated use of different names for the two kingdoms can be confusing. In verse 11, "Ephraim" refers to the northern kingdom of Israel, and "Judah" refers to the southern kingdom of Judah. However, Jacob is also mentioned. This use of "Jacob" makes us think of the earlier unified nation and may also refer to a future unified nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ## Links: * __[Hosea 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/11/01.md b/hos/11/01.md index 2252d1fe69..ddee938fc2 100644 --- a/hos/11/01.md +++ b/hos/11/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking about the people of Israel as if they were a young man. Yahwe # I called my son out of Egypt "son" refers to the people of God the Father. Alternate translation: "I led my son out of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/11/02.md b/hos/11/02.md index bc220945a0..748b930f2e 100644 --- a/hos/11/02.md +++ b/hos/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The more they were called, the more they went away from me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The more I called them to be my people, the more they refused me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hos/11/03.md b/hos/11/03.md index 70d8725038..2ce3932626 100644 --- a/hos/11/03.md +++ b/hos/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh refers to Israel as a small child whom he taught to walk. (See: [[rc://en # lifted them up by their arms This expression continues the metaphor. Alternate translation: "took care of them" - diff --git a/hos/11/04.md b/hos/11/04.md index e0bd297f0a..2fda3c60c7 100644 --- a/hos/11/04.md +++ b/hos/11/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking of the nation of Israel as a hardworking animal whose work he # I bent down to them and fed them This expression continues the metaphor in which Israel is pictured as a young child. It may mean that Yahweh provided for all their physical needs. - diff --git a/hos/11/05.md b/hos/11/05.md index 8c0ff9a7fb..f5adcc446e 100644 --- a/hos/11/05.md +++ b/hos/11/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question means that the nation of Israel will once again be slaves as they # Will Assyria not rule over them because they refuse to return to me? The nation of Israel will be captives of Assyria as a result of their refusal to remain faithful to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/hos/11/06.md b/hos/11/06.md index 599c4e9b60..978b6bbcd0 100644 --- a/hos/11/06.md +++ b/hos/11/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sword" represents the enemies of Israel who will destroy Israel's cities. # destroy the bars of their gates Gates offered security to city inhabitants from their enemies, and the bars secured the closed gates. To destroy the bars meant to take away the people's security. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/11/07.md b/hos/11/07.md index 47d1ff689f..778fbb1da3 100644 --- a/hos/11/07.md +++ b/hos/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here God is speaking about himself in the third person. It can be stated in firs # no one will help them Yahweh will not allow anyone to help Israel because they turned away from him. - diff --git a/hos/11/08.md b/hos/11/08.md index 8e12db9ae4..89eacc6802 100644 --- a/hos/11/08.md +++ b/hos/11/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh loves his people so much that he will not totally destroy them. These que # My heart has changed within me Here "heart" represents God's will and decisions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/11/09.md b/hos/11/09.md index 72f4a354fd..7998451d50 100644 --- a/hos/11/09.md +++ b/hos/11/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God is not like people, who often decide very quickly to take revenge. # I will not come in wrath The abstract noun "wrath" can be stated as the adjective "angry." Alternate translation: "I will not come to you and be angry with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/hos/11/10.md b/hos/11/10.md index 6d69397f66..fc918683ef 100644 --- a/hos/11/10.md +++ b/hos/11/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Worshiping and honoring Yahweh is spoken of as if it were following him (See: [[ # he will roar like a lion Yahweh making it possible for his people to return to his land is spoken of as if he were calling to his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/11/11.md b/hos/11/11.md index ff9899ad32..9a6e965c0a 100644 --- a/hos/11/11.md +++ b/hos/11/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They will come home quickly as a bird returns to its nest. "Trembling" may refer # the declaration of Yahweh "what Yahweh has declared" or "what Yahweh has solemnly said." See how you translated this in [Hosea 2:13](../02/13.md). - diff --git a/hos/11/12.md b/hos/11/12.md index 0d2cac9025..cc117013cf 100644 --- a/hos/11/12.md +++ b/hos/11/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Judah" is a metonym for the people who live there. Alternate translation: # God and ... the Holy One Yahweh is speaking of himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "me, God, and ... me, the Holy One" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/hos/11/intro.md b/hos/11/intro.md index 7a0082bbe7..14d7e220f9 100644 --- a/hos/11/intro.md +++ b/hos/11/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,21 @@ # Hosea 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter continues using the poetic form to communicate about Yahweh's relationship to the northern kingdom of Israel. +This chapter continues using the poetic form to communicate about Yahweh's relationship to the northern kingdom of Israel. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor This chapter contains an extended metaphor of Israel as a male child in the care of Yahweh, his parent. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Rhetorical question +### Rhetorical question -Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to show his disappointment and anger at Israel's persistent rejection of him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) +Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to show his disappointment and anger at Israel's persistent rejection of him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: * __[Hosea 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/12/01.md b/hos/12/01.md index 6f4ffd137a..ad2a0e21cf 100644 --- a/hos/12/01.md +++ b/hos/12/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ East winds were very hot and destructive to the land. Here it represents anythin # carry olive oil to Egypt The people of Israel sent olive oil as a present to the king of Egypt to try and persuade him to help them. - diff --git a/hos/12/02.md b/hos/12/02.md index 41505a4993..7d1e2a7740 100644 --- a/hos/12/02.md +++ b/hos/12/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Judah" and "Jacob" both represent the people of Judah. Alternate translati # lawsuit This is a complaint by one person against another person in a court of law. See how you translated this in [Hosea 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/hos/12/03.md b/hos/12/03.md index 02e4e4be31..a9d447f6a8 100644 --- a/hos/12/03.md +++ b/hos/12/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hosea the prophet is speaking about Jacob the ancestor of the Israelites. # In the womb Jacob grasped his brother by the heel Jacob wanted to take his brother's place as the firstborn, so he tried to keep his brother from being born first. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hos/12/04.md b/hos/12/04.md index f360b00224..5df53e56af 100644 --- a/hos/12/04.md +++ b/hos/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He struggled with the angel and won Jacob fought with an angel so that the angel would bless him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hos/12/05.md b/hos/12/05.md index fcb18f69e5..676f8d47b7 100644 --- a/hos/12/05.md +++ b/hos/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hosea the prophet is speaking. # is his name to be called on This can be stated in active form. Here "name" represents the entire character of God. Alternate translation: "is his name to which we pray" or "is his name by which we worship him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/12/06.md b/hos/12/06.md index 63a97eea76..32b04d75d1 100644 --- a/hos/12/06.md +++ b/hos/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Keep covenant faithfulness and justice This refers to obeying God's law and doing what is right. - diff --git a/hos/12/07.md b/hos/12/07.md index b92a5f5de9..dc8767c449 100644 --- a/hos/12/07.md +++ b/hos/12/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "deceitful scales" is a metonym for the merchants who use scales that # they love to defraud The merchants cheat their customers by lying to them and taking more money than they should. - diff --git a/hos/12/08.md b/hos/12/08.md index b25633f02d..258eea2b71 100644 --- a/hos/12/08.md +++ b/hos/12/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Becoming wealthy by trading is spoken of as finding wealth. Alternate translatio # they will not find any iniquity in me, anything that would be sin These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the people of Ephraim consider themselves to be blameless. Learning that someone has sinned is spoken of as finding sin in that person. Alternate translation: "they will not discover that I have done anything sinful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/12/09.md b/hos/12/09.md index dd228a1ea7..59c81caccc 100644 --- a/hos/12/09.md +++ b/hos/12/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "I am Yahweh your God, who brought your ancestors from # I will again make you live in tents Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh is threatening to force the people of Israel from their homes and make them live in tents. So, here to "live in tents" would represent being sent into exile, or 2) it is a promise that after their exile the people will live in tents again, and Yahweh will take care of them as he did when the Israelites left Egypt. So, here "to live in tents" would represent a return to an ideal situation when Yahweh took care of his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/12/10.md b/hos/12/10.md index 3381c688d6..22daf22175 100644 --- a/hos/12/10.md +++ b/hos/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # By the hand of the prophets Here "hand" represents the one who carries out an action. Alternate translation: "Through the prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/hos/12/11.md b/hos/12/11.md index 73339b1a64..cb96361dd1 100644 --- a/hos/12/11.md +++ b/hos/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hosea the prophet is speaking. # their altars will be like heaps of stone in the furrows of the fields The altars where the people worshiped will be thrown down and become piles of stones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/12/12.md b/hos/12/12.md index bcf8c7a53c..bd97741096 100644 --- a/hos/12/12.md +++ b/hos/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob fled to the land of Aram; Israel labored in order to get a wife Here "Jacob" and "Israel" refer to the same person. Jacob's name became Israel later in his life. - diff --git a/hos/12/13.md b/hos/12/13.md index 8329a2c763..e490ef73e1 100644 --- a/hos/12/13.md +++ b/hos/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hosea the prophet is speaking. # by a prophet That is, Moses. - diff --git a/hos/12/14.md b/hos/12/14.md index b3a7ec6767..a481c13828 100644 --- a/hos/12/14.md +++ b/hos/12/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "blood" refers to the guilt incurred by people who murder others. God will # will turn back on him his disgrace The idea of making someone suffer the results of his own actions is spoken of as if those actions were objects that were thrown back at him. Alternate translation: "will make him suffer from his own disgraceful actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/12/intro.md b/hos/12/intro.md index c257873e72..729171ea6e 100644 --- a/hos/12/intro.md +++ b/hos/12/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Hosea 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Jacob +### Jacob There is a parallel between Jacob and the northern kingdom of Israel. In the same way that Jacob returned to Yahweh, the northern kingdom should repent of their idolatry and turn back to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ There is a parallel between Jacob and the northern kingdom of Israel. In the sam * __[Hosea 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/13/01.md b/hos/13/01.md index 50a5a43cae..3d466ace49 100644 --- a/hos/13/01.md +++ b/hos/13/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "exalting" means to make oneself important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # but he became guilty because of Baal worship, and he died When the people of Ephraim began worshiping Baal, they grew weak, and their enemies defeated them. Here "died" refers to the nation growing weak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/02.md b/hos/13/02.md index 04749d7bda..0b6c8310d5 100644 --- a/hos/13/02.md +++ b/hos/13/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "they" refers to the tribe of Ephraim and the entire nation of Israel, who # These men who sacrifice kiss calves Part of idol worship was kissing idol figures that were images of calves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/03.md b/hos/13/03.md index b822f9387a..f1dd5e69c2 100644 --- a/hos/13/03.md +++ b/hos/13/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These expressions state that Israel is temporary and will soon disappear if they # that is driven by the wind away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the wind blows away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/04.md b/hos/13/04.md index 29e365fc6e..5d72f5abb5 100644 --- a/hos/13/04.md +++ b/hos/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh is speaking of his people as if they had been a flock of sheep that he found wandering in the wilderness. He says that he claimed them there for his own. - diff --git a/hos/13/05.md b/hos/13/05.md index 211184b17f..ceb92083e1 100644 --- a/hos/13/05.md +++ b/hos/13/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I knew you in the wilderness Yahweh claimed the Hebrew people as his own special people, and he took care of them there. - diff --git a/hos/13/06.md b/hos/13/06.md index e605f37aa5..d5c53c135d 100644 --- a/hos/13/06.md +++ b/hos/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The image of sheep is continued with this expression. # your heart became lifted up Becoming arrogant is spoken of as one's heart being lifted up. Alternate translation: "you became proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/07.md b/hos/13/07.md index 124b2b7c5d..6bd96a1f61 100644 --- a/hos/13/07.md +++ b/hos/13/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # like a lion ... like a leopard These are wild animals that attack and kill other animals. Yahweh continues to say that he will destroy his people for their sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/08.md b/hos/13/08.md index 91dec97571..d1edbe037a 100644 --- a/hos/13/08.md +++ b/hos/13/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "would attack" are left out because they are understood. This can be s # as a lion The words "would devour them" are left out because they are understood. Alternate translation: "as a lion would devour them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/09.md b/hos/13/09.md index 9caaa43d15..9f7db3ee0b 100644 --- a/hos/13/09.md +++ b/hos/13/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # who will be able to help you? Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that no one will be able to help the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "there will be no on able to help you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/10.md b/hos/13/10.md index 88080adcf6..f35cab4940 100644 --- a/hos/13/10.md +++ b/hos/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Where now is your king, that he may save you in all your cities? Where are your rulers, about whom you said to me, 'Give me a king and princes'? Yahweh asks these questions to tell Israel that when they rebel against him, no king or ruler can help them. Only Yahweh can save them from destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/11.md b/hos/13/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/hos/13/11.md +++ b/hos/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/hos/13/12.md b/hos/13/12.md index 4e78257176..8f111208b3 100644 --- a/hos/13/12.md +++ b/hos/13/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Ephraim's guilt is spoken of as if it were a solid object that a person could st # his sin Possible meanings are 1) the word "sin" refers to the actual acts of sin, or 2) it is a metonym for the guilt that God attaches to sin, or 3) it is a metonym for the punishment God will give for that sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/13.md b/hos/13/13.md index d7bc993c31..937b404708 100644 --- a/hos/13/13.md +++ b/hos/13/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of the suffering the people of Israel will suffer as if it we # but he is not a wise son, for when it is time to be born, he does not come out of the womb Yahweh now describes the people of Israel as the baby to which the mother is giving birth. The baby is unwise because it does not want to be born. The people do not want to repent and obey Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/14.md b/hos/13/14.md index a4651e2781..bb73c13a75 100644 --- a/hos/13/14.md +++ b/hos/13/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks to "death" and "Sheol" as if they were people. Yahweh uses questio # Compassion is hidden from my eyes Not to think about having compassion is spoken of as if compassion were hidden so that it cannot be seen. The abstract noun "compassion" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "I have no compassion for them" or "I will not be compassionate towards them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/15.md b/hos/13/15.md index fbebe60e79..69790de612 100644 --- a/hos/13/15.md +++ b/hos/13/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Hosea continues to describe how God will punish the people of Israel. Here water # his storehouse This refers to all of the peoples' possessions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/16.md b/hos/13/16.md index 55d6bdda25..1bb3d3f707 100644 --- a/hos/13/16.md +++ b/hos/13/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the "sword" represents the enemy soldiers who used swords in battle. (See: # their young children will be dashed to pieces, and their pregnant women will be ripped open These phrases can be put into the active voice. Alternate translation: "the enemy will dash their young children to pieces, and they will rip open the pregnant women" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/hos/13/intro.md b/hos/13/intro.md index f166f58c24..143761d055 100644 --- a/hos/13/intro.md +++ b/hos/13/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,23 @@ # Hosea 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter uses poetry to communicate Yahweh's disgust and anger with the northern kingdom of Israel. +This chapter uses poetry to communicate Yahweh's disgust and anger with the northern kingdom of Israel. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter "Israel" and "Ephraim" are terms used to speak about the people of the northern kingdom. Samaria was the capital of the northern kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - + This chapter makes it clear that the northern kingdom is going to be nearly decimated as a people. They will no longer exist as a nation. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical question +### Rhetorical question -Hosea uses rhetorical questions throughout this chapter. They are not questions requesting information but rather questions indicating some emotion like anger or dissatisfaction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) +Hosea uses rhetorical questions throughout this chapter. They are not questions requesting information but rather questions indicating some emotion like anger or dissatisfaction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: * __[Hosea 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/hos/14/01.md b/hos/14/01.md index bee90b95ed..c20e388fed 100644 --- a/hos/14/01.md +++ b/hos/14/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hosea the prophet is speaking. # for you have stumbled because of your iniquity The people sinning is spoken of here as if they were stumbling. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/14/02.md b/hos/14/02.md index 5496c96473..96b7ca03c1 100644 --- a/hos/14/02.md +++ b/hos/14/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This probably means words of confession and praise. Alternate translation: "Conf # the fruit of our lips What a person says is called the fruit of his lips. Modern versions have different translations of this difficult passage. Alternate translation: "our words and songs of praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/hos/14/03.md b/hos/14/03.md index 98ba73742b..68314f87ba 100644 --- a/hos/14/03.md +++ b/hos/14/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This expression stands perhaps for the entire nation. It indicates God's enormou # finds compassion Here the act of God having compassion is spoken of as if it were an object that someone experiencing that compassion had found. The abstract noun "compassion" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "finds one who is compassionate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/hos/14/04.md b/hos/14/04.md index e3cf8d2a85..7853a94f3f 100644 --- a/hos/14/04.md +++ b/hos/14/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking. # I will heal their apostasy Stopping the people from turning away from God is spoken of as if he were healing them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/14/05.md b/hos/14/05.md index 8d43b3fd7f..80974f82aa 100644 --- a/hos/14/05.md +++ b/hos/14/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God is spoken of as if he were dew that brought needed moisture to plants, and I # take root like a cedar in Lebanon The picture of Israel in the form of a plant is continued here, but this time in the form of a tall cedar tree in Lebanon, which was known for such trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/14/06.md b/hos/14/06.md index 213e4f634d..b41b9432f4 100644 --- a/hos/14/06.md +++ b/hos/14/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # His branches will spread out ... like the cedars in Lebanon This passage continues the same image. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/14/07.md b/hos/14/07.md index 9402f69fc6..b629dd469b 100644 --- a/hos/14/07.md +++ b/hos/14/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Israel's new prosperity is spoken of in agricultural terms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # His fame will be like the wine of Lebanon Just as Lebanon's wine was famous, so Israel will be famous. Alternate translation: "People everywhere will know about the nation of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/hos/14/08.md b/hos/14/08.md index 774fbddaf5..017c6d94d2 100644 --- a/hos/14/08.md +++ b/hos/14/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A cypress is a tree whose leaves stay green all year. This represents Yahweh and # from me comes your fruit Here "fruit" represents every good thing that comes from Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/14/09.md b/hos/14/09.md index 6dbc0446b0..1f1377bb67 100644 --- a/hos/14/09.md +++ b/hos/14/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh's commandments are spoken of as ways to walk in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # stumble Disobeying Yahweh is spoken of as if it were stumbling while walking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/hos/14/intro.md b/hos/14/intro.md index 0be6c5e7c3..185a29be98 100644 --- a/hos/14/intro.md +++ b/hos/14/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,20 @@ # Hosea 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This last chapter of Hosea ends with hope. In this chapter, Hosea calls for Israel to confess to Yahweh and repent. This chapter continues to be written in poetic form, using metaphors and other devices to communicate God's love for his sinful people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/confess]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -Why are confession and repentance even suggested here for a people that Yahweh has already condemned to be destroyed? It is because this is a teaching that Yahweh is a merciful God who loves his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) +Why are confession and repentance even suggested here for a people that Yahweh has already condemned to be destroyed? It is because this is a teaching that Yahweh is a merciful God who loves his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Speaker -#### Speaker The use of first and second person in this chapter often signifies a change in speaker. In this chapter, Hosea is speaking to the northern kingdom to tell them that Yahweh loves them. -There are several places in this chapter where the writer switches from the third person to the second or the first person. This may cause some confusion about who is speaking. +There are several places in this chapter where the writer switches from the third person to the second or the first person. This may cause some confusion about who is speaking. ## Links: * __[Hosea 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/hos/front/intro.md b/hos/front/intro.md index fcfa25c8ef..bb625bf70d 100644 --- a/hos/front/intro.md +++ b/hos/front/intro.md @@ -7,13 +7,15 @@ 1. God tells Hosea to marry Gomer as a picture of how Israel relates to Yahweh (1:1–3:5) 1. Israel betrays, wanders, and sins; Yahweh appeals and pleas to return to him (4:1–7:3) 1. The conflict between Yahweh and Israel explained in various ways (7:4–13:8) - - Similes: oven, cake, dove, bow (7:4–16) - - Israel openly lies and rebels (8:1–14) - - The end of Israel predicted (9:1–17) - - Similes: grapes, vine, calf, lion, children, birds, and doves (10:1–11:11) - - Israel sins, betrays, and breaks alliances (11:12–12:1) - - Israel's history remembered (12:2–13:16) - - Idolatry (13:1–8) + + - Similes: oven, cake, dove, bow (7:4–16) + - Israel openly lies and rebels (8:1–14) + - The end of Israel predicted (9:1–17) + - Similes: grapes, vine, calf, lion, children, birds, and doves (10:1–11:11) + - Israel sins, betrays, and breaks alliances (11:12–12:1) + - Israel's history remembered (12:2–13:16) + - Idolatry (13:1–8) + 1. Israel is hostile to Yahweh (13:9–16) 1. Yahweh's last appeals to Israel (14:1–9) @@ -21,15 +23,15 @@ This book contains the prophecies of Hosea, son of Beeri. Hosea lived in the northern kingdom of Israel. He often called this kingdom Ephraim or Samaria. Hosea prophesied for about 38 years and predicted that Assyria would destroy the northern kingdom of Israel. -Hosea began to prophesy around 753 B.C., just before King Jeroboam II died. At this time, the kingdom of Israel was prosperous but spiritually weak. Hosea warned how Yahweh would punish Israel unless the people turned back to Yahweh and were faithful to him. +Hosea began to prophesy around 753 B.C., just before King Jeroboam II died. At this time, the kingdom of Israel was prosperous but spiritually weak. Hosea warned how Yahweh would punish Israel unless the people turned back to Yahweh and were faithful to him. ### How should the title of this book be translated? - + This book is traditionally named "The Book of Hosea" or just "Hosea." Translators may also call it "The Book About Hosea" or "The Sayings of Hosea." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ### Who wrote the Book of Hosea? -Although this book tells what Hosea prophesied, it is uncertain whether Hosea wrote the book himself. It was probably written after Samaria, the capital of the norther kingdom, was destroyed in 721 B.C. +Although this book tells what Hosea prophesied, it is uncertain whether Hosea wrote the book himself. It was probably written after Samaria, the capital of the norther kingdom, was destroyed in 721 B.C. ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts @@ -53,9 +55,8 @@ The prophet used the phrase "the declaration of Yahweh" to mark a message as tru ### Why are English translations of Hosea very different? -Hosea 4–14 has many problems of interpretation. Some phrases in Hosea are beyond how we currently understand the Hebrew language. Many English versions have translated these difficult sections very differently. +Hosea 4–14 has many problems of interpretation. Some phrases in Hosea are beyond how we currently understand the Hebrew language. Many English versions have translated these difficult sections very differently. ### What does the term "Israel" mean in Hosea? In Hosea, "Israel" is used only to refer to the northern kingdom of Israel. It is not used to refer to the southern kingdom or to the two kingdoms together. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/kingdomofisrael]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/01.md b/isa/01/01.md index cc431c1fd9..b7c6859a5b 100644 --- a/isa/01/01.md +++ b/isa/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Amoz was the father of Isaiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah This is an idiom and refers to the time when each king reigned. They reigned one after the other, not all at the same time. Alternate translation: "when Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah were kings of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/02.md b/isa/01/02.md index 5073a31515..ceeccb70e0 100644 --- a/isa/01/02.md +++ b/isa/01/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Words that Yahweh spoke and which Isaiah is speaking to the Israelites for Yahwe # I have nourished and brought up children Yahweh speaks as if his words were food and as if the Israelites were his children. Alternate translation: "I have taken care of the people living in Judah like they were my children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/03.md b/isa/01/03.md index 8fa2d0c243..132b590360 100644 --- a/isa/01/03.md +++ b/isa/01/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This probably means "but the people of Israel do not know me, they do not unders # Israel This is a metonym for the people of Israel. Judah is part of what had been the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/04.md b/isa/01/04.md index ab9549b6fa..6797e74c11 100644 --- a/isa/01/04.md +++ b/isa/01/04.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Judah is part of what had been the nation of Israel. # they have estranged themselves from him Though at one time they were friends, they now treat him as though they do not know him. - diff --git a/isa/01/05.md b/isa/01/05.md index d93da98990..77eacaeafb 100644 --- a/isa/01/05.md +++ b/isa/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "you" refers to the people who live in Judah and so is plural. (Se # The whole head is sick, the whole heart is weak This metaphor compares the nation of Israel to a person who has been beaten. Alternate translation: "You are like someone whose head is wounded and whose heart is weak" or "You are like someone whose whole mind and heart are sick" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/06.md b/isa/01/06.md index 4a17c313ff..0ab8de7ab9 100644 --- a/isa/01/06.md +++ b/isa/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "there is disease" (See: [ # they have not been closed, cleansed, bandaged, nor treated with oil This metaphor compares the punishment God has given Israel to physical wounds. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one has closed, cleansed, bandaged, or treated them with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/07.md b/isa/01/07.md index 5639fd9414..06be925996 100644 --- a/isa/01/07.md +++ b/isa/01/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they have burned your # overthrown by strangers This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "strangers have overthrown your country" or "a foreign army has completely conquered it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/08.md b/isa/01/08.md index 41dda013ea..f1a0ff80e3 100644 --- a/isa/01/08.md +++ b/isa/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "has become as small as a hut in a vineyard or a shed i # like ... cucumbers, like a besieged city Another possible meaning is "like ... cucumbers. She is a besieged city" - diff --git a/isa/01/09.md b/isa/01/09.md index 59d0ed7c39..04072c7f2f 100644 --- a/isa/01/09.md +++ b/isa/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here these words refer to Isaiah and includes all the people of Judah and Jerusa # we would have been like Sodom, we would have been like Gomorrah How Judah would have been like Sodom and Gomorrah can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "God would have destroyed us, like he destroyed the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/10.md b/isa/01/10.md index 1b34ab5c64..d6786a1cfd 100644 --- a/isa/01/10.md +++ b/isa/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # you rulers of Sodom ... you people of Gomorrah Isaiah is comparing the people of Judah to Sodom and Gomorrah to emphasize how sinful they have become. Alternate translation: "you rulers who are as sinful as the people of Sodom ... you people who are as wicked as those who lived in Gomorrah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/11.md b/isa/01/11.md index 0f9f8527d7..becc808a18 100644 --- a/isa/01/11.md +++ b/isa/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What is the multitude of your sacrifices to me? God is using a question to scold the people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Your many sacrifices mean nothing to me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/12.md b/isa/01/12.md index f2b0177f3e..938612ab01 100644 --- a/isa/01/12.md +++ b/isa/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah speaks Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: # who has required this of you, to trample my courts? The word "trample" means to step on and crush with one's feet. God is using a question to scold the people who live in Judah. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "no one told you to stomp around in my courtyards!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/13.md b/isa/01/13.md index b8ff28a233..16b22d8cf3 100644 --- a/isa/01/13.md +++ b/isa/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the abstract noun "abomination" can expressed as the verb "hate." Alternate # I cannot tolerate these wicked assemblies Possible meanings are 1) "I cannot allow you to gather together because of the wicked things you do" or 2) "I cannot allow myself to watch you gather together because of the wicked things you do." - diff --git a/isa/01/14.md b/isa/01/14.md index 32ef7b481a..682ee23e1b 100644 --- a/isa/01/14.md +++ b/isa/01/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A new moon is when the moon first shows light after having been dark. # they are a burden to me; I am tired of enduring them This compares how God feels about the people's celebrations to carrying a heavy object. Alternate translation: "they are a heavy load that I am tired of carrying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/15.md b/isa/01/15.md index ec8c2f1d29..f2bcd0318e 100644 --- a/isa/01/15.md +++ b/isa/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is a way of saying "I will not look at you" or "I will not pay attent # your hands are full of blood This is the reason that God will not listen to their prayers. The blood likely refers to violence that they have done against people. Alternate translation: "because it is like your hands are covered with the blood of those you have harmed" or "because you are guilty of violence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/16.md b/isa/01/16.md index caba530ef7..efba3497aa 100644 --- a/isa/01/16.md +++ b/isa/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here God compares a person who stops sinning with one who washes his body. Alter # remove the evil of your deeds from my sight God was not telling them to do their evil deeds somewhere else, but to stop doing them. Alternate translation: "stop doing the evil deeds that I see you doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/17.md b/isa/01/17.md index 14d635a45c..3dc3a5d805 100644 --- a/isa/01/17.md +++ b/isa/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of people who oppress others as if they had made crooked something th # defend the widow "protect the women whose husbands have died" - diff --git a/isa/01/18.md b/isa/01/18.md index 871b64a775..6c7ba59cf2 100644 --- a/isa/01/18.md +++ b/isa/01/18.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Crimson is a dark red color. Alternate translation: "dark red" (See: [[rc://en/t # like wool Wool is the hair of a sheep or goat. How they will be like wool can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "white like wool" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/19.md b/isa/01/19.md index f31386ab28..99ea94bc7d 100644 --- a/isa/01/19.md +++ b/isa/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here, "willing" and "obedient" are used together to express one idea. Alternate # you will eat the good of the land "the land will produce good food for you to eat" - diff --git a/isa/01/20.md b/isa/01/20.md index a84fd45618..9968b3df09 100644 --- a/isa/01/20.md +++ b/isa/01/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "sword" refers to Judah's enemies. Also, the word "devour" compares Jud # the mouth of Yahweh has spoken it The word "mouth" emphasizes that Yahweh has spoken and what he says will certainly happen. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has spoken" or "Yahweh has said that this will happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/21.md b/isa/01/21.md index 893a47a2b7..95b1fdcdfb 100644 --- a/isa/01/21.md +++ b/isa/01/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Isaiah compared the people to a woman who is not loyal to her husband but who sl # but now she is full of murderers The word "she" refers to Jerusalem and its people. Those who wrote the Bible often refer to cities as women. Alternate translation: "but now the people of Jerusalem are murderers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/22.md b/isa/01/22.md index 3a6fb389bb..75cccab0b2 100644 --- a/isa/01/22.md +++ b/isa/01/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Someone needs to clean silver often or it will no longer shine brightly. # wine ... water Wine with water in it has little taste and so is no better than water. - diff --git a/isa/01/23.md b/isa/01/23.md index 51f8428d5f..fb4b829692 100644 --- a/isa/01/23.md +++ b/isa/01/23.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ A person eagerly desiring for someone to give him a bribe is spoken of as if the # nor does the widow's legal plea come before them "nor do they listen when widows go to them for help against those who break the law" or "and they do not help widows who go to them for help against those who break the law" - diff --git a/isa/01/24.md b/isa/01/24.md index 27a9691e6c..baa097c1ce 100644 --- a/isa/01/24.md +++ b/isa/01/24.md @@ -10,11 +10,10 @@ Isaiah begins to speak Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a po Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh of hosts, the Mighty One of Israel, has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, the Mighty One of Israel, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) -# I will comfort myself concerning my adversaries +# I will comfort myself concerning my adversaries Yahweh will comfort himself by taking just vengeance on his adversaries. # I will ... avenge myself against my enemies "I will justly punish my enemies" - diff --git a/isa/01/25.md b/isa/01/25.md index 08c97d9763..3aaad76096 100644 --- a/isa/01/25.md +++ b/isa/01/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the process in which God removes his people's sin is spoken of as if her we # dross This is the dirt and other things that people remove from metals so the metal will be pure. - diff --git a/isa/01/26.md b/isa/01/26.md index fe2881d0fe..d37db9de5c 100644 --- a/isa/01/26.md +++ b/isa/01/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will call you" # the city of righteousness, a faithful town Here "city" and "town" refer to the people living in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "the city where the people are righteous and loyal to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/27.md b/isa/01/27.md index a3bf1da72c..8d60c3f4a0 100644 --- a/isa/01/27.md +++ b/isa/01/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. The full meaning of this statement can be mad # Zion This is a metonym for the people who live on Mount Zion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/28.md b/isa/01/28.md index 0e1002f443..1a5dfd0bde 100644 --- a/isa/01/28.md +++ b/isa/01/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will destroy thos # those who abandon Yahweh will be done away with This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and Yahweh will completely do away with those who turn away from him" or "and Yahweh will kill all who reject him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/29.md b/isa/01/29.md index 1fa3cf4498..13213bbc5f 100644 --- a/isa/01/29.md +++ b/isa/01/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These phrases refer to places where the people of Judah worshiped idols. # you will be embarrassed by Some modern translations read, "you will blush because of." A person blushes when his face turns hot and red, often because he feels that he has done something wrong. - diff --git a/isa/01/30.md b/isa/01/30.md index cadef94880..fd5a69789e 100644 --- a/isa/01/30.md +++ b/isa/01/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For you will be like an oak whose leaf withers, and like a garden that has no water Water gives life to trees and gardens. The people have cut themselves off from Yahweh, who gives them life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/31.md b/isa/01/31.md index dd1c3b63b2..8b49b6c926 100644 --- a/isa/01/31.md +++ b/isa/01/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ dry material that burns easily # his work like a spark This compares the person's deeds or evil works to a spark that falls on tinder and sets it on fire. Alternate translation: "his work will be like a spark that starts a fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/01/intro.md b/isa/01/intro.md index 051864cf96..083cff1256 100644 --- a/isa/01/intro.md +++ b/isa/01/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Isaiah 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:2-31, which is a vision Isaiah receives. These are the words of Yahweh. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Woe -#### Woe The prophecy of this chapter serves as a warning to the people of the kingdom of Judah. If they do not change their evil ways, Yahweh will punish them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors There are many vivid metaphors used to describe Judah's sin. Their sin is described as a sickness that spreads. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Rhetorical Questions +### Rhetorical Questions + Yahweh uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince the people of Judah of their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -23,4 +26,3 @@ Yahweh uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these q * __[Isaiah intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/02/01.md b/isa/02/01.md index 8dce7267d8..8a55927ea6 100644 --- a/isa/02/01.md +++ b/isa/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # Judah and Jerusalem "Judah" and "Jerusalem" are metonyms for the people who live there. Alternate translation: "those living in Judah and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/02.md b/isa/02/02.md index 152d2c3844..21b6e84521 100644 --- a/isa/02/02.md +++ b/isa/02/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "nations" is a metonym for the people of those nations. Alternate translati # will flow to it The people around the world going to the mountain of Yahweh is compared to how a river flows. This emphasizes that many people will come, not just a few people. Alternate translation: "will flow like a river to it" or "will go to it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/03.md b/isa/02/03.md index 8356d2b784..ed95b337b5 100644 --- a/isa/02/03.md +++ b/isa/02/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ These phrases mean the same thing. Isaiah was emphasizing that all nations will # the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem "the word of Yahweh will go out from Jerusalem." Isaiah speaks as if the word of Yahweh were something like a river that moves without people doing anything. You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "Those to whom they teach the word of Yahweh will go out from Jerusalem" or "Yahweh will proclaim his word from Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/04.md b/isa/02/04.md index b192188cd3..d62b168954 100644 --- a/isa/02/04.md +++ b/isa/02/04.md @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ These words are synecdoches for tools of any kind that people use in peaceful ac # nor will they train for war "nor will they even train to fight wars." The writer expects his reader to believe that those who fight wars train before they fight and that some who train do not fight. - diff --git a/isa/02/05.md b/isa/02/05.md index 42925fcea4..cea40b9a52 100644 --- a/isa/02/05.md +++ b/isa/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a gentle encouragement to do what the speaker is about to tell the hearer to do # let us walk in the light of Yahweh Isaiah speaks of people learning and then doing what Yahweh wants them to do as if they were walking at night with a lamp that Yahweh has provided so they can see the path. Alternate translation: "let us learn how Yahweh wants us to live and then live that way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/06.md b/isa/02/06.md index bb9485e746..259c1443b1 100644 --- a/isa/02/06.md +++ b/isa/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ they try to tell the future by looking at things like animal parts and leaves # they shake hands with sons of foreigners Clasping hands together is the symbol of friendship and peace. Alternate translation: "they make peace and work together with people who are not from Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/07.md b/isa/02/07.md index 60583f3f3f..befbe5eca1 100644 --- a/isa/02/07.md +++ b/isa/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah speaks to Yahweh in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-p # Their land is full of silver and gold ... their land also is full of horses Isaiah speaks as if the land were a container in which someone had placed silver, horses, and idols. The word "land" is a metonym for the people themselves, and the words "is full of" is a metaphor for the people possessing these items. Alternate translation: "They possess much silver and gold ... they also possess many horses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/08.md b/isa/02/08.md index c2ac8dbb85..f5804902e0 100644 --- a/isa/02/08.md +++ b/isa/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "hands" is a synecdoche for the people themselves. Alternate translatio # things that their own fingers have made The word "fingers" is a synecdoche for the people themselves. Alternate translation: "things that they have made with their own fingers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/09.md b/isa/02/09.md index 67a99bf38b..d2f875ae48 100644 --- a/isa/02/09.md +++ b/isa/02/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ human beings, as opposed to animals # do not raise them up The words "raise them up" are a metaphor for Yahweh forgiving the people. Alternate translation: "do not forgive them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/10.md b/isa/02/10.md index bf60704f1c..956ecf8f39 100644 --- a/isa/02/10.md +++ b/isa/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the abstract noun "terror" can be expressed by the verb "terrifying." Alter # the glory of his majesty "the great beauty and power he has as king" or "his royal splendor." See how you translated this in [Isaiah 2:10](../02/10.md). - diff --git a/isa/02/11.md b/isa/02/11.md index 1500ad71d3..2c78a4a800 100644 --- a/isa/02/11.md +++ b/isa/02/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will praise on # on that day This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "on the day that Yahweh judges everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/12.md b/isa/02/12.md index 0a4ba19904..267ded0758 100644 --- a/isa/02/12.md +++ b/isa/02/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Someone who is arrogant speaks and acts as if he is better than other people. Th # abased See how you translated this word in [Isaiah 2:9](../02/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/02/13.md b/isa/02/13.md index de455af552..52c7c4bdda 100644 --- a/isa/02/13.md +++ b/isa/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # against all the cedars of Lebanon ... against all the oaks of Bashan The "day of Yahweh of Hosts" will be against the cedars and oaks. Possible meanings are 1) these trees are a metaphor for the proud people whom God will judge or 2) God will actually destroy these mighty trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/14.md b/isa/02/14.md index fd58584b60..139d3f234d 100644 --- a/isa/02/14.md +++ b/isa/02/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These words are metaphors for the pride of the Israelites. They also appear in [ # that are lifted up This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "that are very high" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/15.md b/isa/02/15.md index 6453bd1067..790006388a 100644 --- a/isa/02/15.md +++ b/isa/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These refer to things people would build around their cities so they could defen # impregnable wall "wall that nothing can break down or go through" - diff --git a/isa/02/16.md b/isa/02/16.md index 421254be89..a3681776a1 100644 --- a/isa/02/16.md +++ b/isa/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These refer to large boats that people used to travel far on the sea and bring b # delightful "beautiful" or "desirable" - diff --git a/isa/02/17.md b/isa/02/17.md index 5a17be1492..3d9d726c96 100644 --- a/isa/02/17.md +++ b/isa/02/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "haughtiness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate tra # Yahweh alone will be exalted This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "people will praise only Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/18.md b/isa/02/18.md index 3b58b758e6..65572668cb 100644 --- a/isa/02/18.md +++ b/isa/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The idols will completely pass away "All idols will disappear" or "There will be no more idols" - diff --git a/isa/02/19.md b/isa/02/19.md index c5f0676675..dd809bd84f 100644 --- a/isa/02/19.md +++ b/isa/02/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "glory" describes "majesty." Alternate translation: "the beauty he # when he rises to terrify the earth "when Yahweh takes action and causes the people of the earth to be terribly afraid of him" - diff --git a/isa/02/20.md b/isa/02/20.md index aef0b681d0..32100d00a3 100644 --- a/isa/02/20.md +++ b/isa/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. He continues to desc # to the moles and bats Moles are small animals that dig and live underground. Bats are small flying animals that sometimes live in caves. Alternate translation: "to the animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/21.md b/isa/02/21.md index 8e76fb401c..b0bd889b4f 100644 --- a/isa/02/21.md +++ b/isa/02/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ because they are very afraid of Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 2 # when he rises to terrify the earth "when Yahweh takes action and causes the people of the earth to be terribly afraid of him." See how you translated this in [Isaiah 2:19](../02/19.md). - diff --git a/isa/02/22.md b/isa/02/22.md index d1e02a3dfc..6e5ccdbc27 100644 --- a/isa/02/22.md +++ b/isa/02/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the holes in the nose through which people breathe # for what does he amount to? Isaiah uses a question to remind the people of something they should already know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "for man amounts to nothing!" or "for man is not worth anything!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/02/intro.md b/isa/02/intro.md index 20e6df1d89..77728d92d4 100644 --- a/isa/02/intro.md +++ b/isa/02/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Isaiah 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 2:2-22. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Latter days -#### Latter days This is probably a reference to the "last days." This makes parts of this prophecy reference events near the end of this world. Most scholars expect these prophecies to be fulfilled by Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) -#### Idolatry +### Idolatry + While the first prophecy of Isaiah concerned the lack of justice in Judah, this chapter focuses on the presence of idolatry in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ While the first prophecy of Isaiah concerned the lack of justice in Judah, this * __[Isaiah 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/03/01.md b/isa/03/01.md index c8cb60bbb5..2b3e1cf005 100644 --- a/isa/03/01.md +++ b/isa/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "see" here adds emphasis to what follows. It can also be translated as # support and staff Both of these words refer to a walking stick, on which someone leans for support. This idea here stands for the things that people need the most in order to live: food and water. Alternate translation: "everything that supports you" or "everything that you depend on" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/02.md b/isa/03/02.md index bd70a0c4dc..970ad43bdc 100644 --- a/isa/03/02.md +++ b/isa/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a list of categories of people that others depend on. Since they do not # the one who practices divination This is a person who claims that he can tell the future by looking at things like animal parts and leaves. See how you translated similar words in [Isaiah 2:6](../02/06.md). - diff --git a/isa/03/03.md b/isa/03/03.md index 0830116436..95c548e117 100644 --- a/isa/03/03.md +++ b/isa/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the word "fifty" represents the exact amount of soldier # fifty "50" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/04.md b/isa/03/04.md index 85fc67f975..bd9de85c1e 100644 --- a/isa/03/04.md +++ b/isa/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases mean basically the same thing. Possible meanings are 1) "I will pl # I will place Here the word "I" refers to Yahweh. This can also be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Yahweh says, 'I will place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/05.md b/isa/03/05.md index a072ca34fd..37743599fd 100644 --- a/isa/03/05.md +++ b/isa/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Everyone will be crue # the honorable "the people with honor" or "the people whom everyone respects" - diff --git a/isa/03/06.md b/isa/03/06.md index fa0b51a1f1..d1bce8b243 100644 --- a/isa/03/06.md +++ b/isa/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hands" represents authority. Alternate translation: "take charge of this r # this ruin Possible meanings are 1) many or most of the buildings in the city of Jerusalem were destroyed or 2) the people in Jerusalem have no more prosperity or leadership. Alternate translation: "this city, which is now ruined" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/07.md b/isa/03/07.md index 22de16e6f2..0358812ce7 100644 --- a/isa/03/07.md +++ b/isa/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will not be a healer Solving the people's troubles is spoken of as if it were healing them. Alternate translation: "No, I cannot fix this problem" or "No, I cannot help you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/08.md b/isa/03/08.md index df91b3eb4d..ec394fabe2 100644 --- a/isa/03/08.md +++ b/isa/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Disobeying God is spoken of as if it were stumbling and falling. (See: [[rc://en # the eyes of his glory Here "the eyes" stands for God himself, who is glorious. Alternate translation: "him who is glorious" or "Yahweh, who is glorious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/09.md b/isa/03/09.md index 58eec3163b..ea2c9d2ff6 100644 --- a/isa/03/09.md +++ b/isa/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the people of Judah are said to be like the people of Sodom, because they o # For they have completed a catastrophe for themselves The catastrophe is still coming, but the people have finished doing what will cause it to come. The catastrophe's causes are spoken of here as if they were the catastrophe itself. Alternate translation: "For they have done everything that will cause a catastrophe to happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/10.md b/isa/03/10.md index 428b0227c3..a8ac1c88fe 100644 --- a/isa/03/10.md +++ b/isa/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Deeds are spoken of as if they were trees giving fruit that can be eaten. The fr # they will eat the fruit of their deeds The Hebrew text has these plural pronouns here, but they refer to any righteous person. Translators can choose to translate them as singular: "he will eat the fruit of his deeds." - diff --git a/isa/03/11.md b/isa/03/11.md index 809da53dca..20f4d63636 100644 --- a/isa/03/11.md +++ b/isa/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for what his hands have earned will be done to him Here "hands" stands for the deeds that the person has done. Alternate translation: "for what the wicked person has done to others will be done to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/12.md b/isa/03/12.md index 90f8c8971a..46618f53bb 100644 --- a/isa/03/12.md +++ b/isa/03/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "women rule over the people" or 2) "their leaders are w # those who guide you lead you astray and confuse the direction of your path It was common in the Ancient Middle East to speak of a nation's leaders as if they were shepherds. As shepherds lead the sheep along good paths to safety, leaders should teach the people the truth and help them do what is right. Judah's leaders were not doing this. Alternate translation: "your leaders are like bad shepherds who lead you away from good paths and do not show you where to go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/13.md b/isa/03/13.md index 9f2d3e4a53..06137cfd59 100644 --- a/isa/03/13.md +++ b/isa/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh stands up for an accusation; he is standing to accuse the people Isaiah speaks of Yahweh's decision to harm the people as if Yahweh were bringing a legal accusation in a courtroom against the people of Israel. The second part of this line means the same thing as the first part, but it says it a little more completely. Alternate translation: "It is as though Yahweh had taken his place in a courtroom and were ready to accuse the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/14.md b/isa/03/14.md index 14d729e72f..3363540f0f 100644 --- a/isa/03/14.md +++ b/isa/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "you" refers to the elders and rulers. Yahweh is speaking of his people as # the poor This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "those who are poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/15.md b/isa/03/15.md index f4dfe1a055..09733bcdf5 100644 --- a/isa/03/15.md +++ b/isa/03/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Making people suffer is spoken of as if it were rubbing their faces into the gro # This is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh of hosts has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/16.md b/isa/03/16.md index 1685dd09bb..2d9542c982 100644 --- a/isa/03/16.md +++ b/isa/03/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Looking at men in a way that makes the men think the women want sexual relations # walking with tiny steps as they go This is how they would walk to attract men, possibly because the bracelets on their ankles were connected by chains decorated with bells so they could not take normal steps. - diff --git a/isa/03/17.md b/isa/03/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/03/17.md +++ b/isa/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/03/18.md b/isa/03/18.md index 21ecb464b1..db923a77cd 100644 --- a/isa/03/18.md +++ b/isa/03/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a decoration that women wear over the head and hair # crescent ornaments moon-shaped ornaments that people wear in the belief that they will protect the person from evil - diff --git a/isa/03/19.md b/isa/03/19.md index 2e0d976bd9..bfcc6e3f8c 100644 --- a/isa/03/19.md +++ b/isa/03/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a decoration that women wear on the arm near the hands # veils a very thin material used to cover a woman's head and face - diff --git a/isa/03/20.md b/isa/03/20.md index 33df951aec..ed3962c136 100644 --- a/isa/03/20.md +++ b/isa/03/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a small box or bag containing perfume that women wore on chains or strings aroun # lucky charms jewelry that people wear in the belief that it will bring good luck - diff --git a/isa/03/21.md b/isa/03/21.md index d24860252f..0a393b180b 100644 --- a/isa/03/21.md +++ b/isa/03/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a decoration worn around the finger # nose jewels a decoration worn in or through the nose - diff --git a/isa/03/22.md b/isa/03/22.md index afbfaf482c..71775484d4 100644 --- a/isa/03/22.md +++ b/isa/03/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 3:19](../03/19.md). # handbags a bag to used to carry small things - diff --git a/isa/03/23.md b/isa/03/23.md index 9cf6db992d..3be7ed41f4 100644 --- a/isa/03/23.md +++ b/isa/03/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a cloth or small hat worn over the hair # wraps a decorative cloth that a woman would wrap around herself to make her beautiful - diff --git a/isa/03/24.md b/isa/03/24.md index c534a0f493..436227d2a4 100644 --- a/isa/03/24.md +++ b/isa/03/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This may refer to a rope that enemies would tie on the people of Judah when they # well-arranged hair, baldness "pretty hair, their heads will be bald" - diff --git a/isa/03/25.md b/isa/03/25.md index 322ef06be9..29768f3da4 100644 --- a/isa/03/25.md +++ b/isa/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your men will fall by the sword, and your strong men will fall in war Falling represents being killed, and the sword represents battle. Alternate translation: "Your men will be killed in battle, and your strong men will be killed in war" or "Enemies will kill your soldiers in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/26.md b/isa/03/26.md index cbd52bbd31..20c7b04457 100644 --- a/isa/03/26.md +++ b/isa/03/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the city gates represent the people who sit at the public places near the c # she will be alone and sit upon the ground Isaiah speaks of the people of Jerusalem, whom no one will save from their enemies, as if they were the city itself and as if they were a woman who sits on the ground because all her friends have deserted her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/03/intro.md b/isa/03/intro.md index 8a4f447ede..6d913bafec 100644 --- a/isa/03/intro.md +++ b/isa/03/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Isaiah 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter. Some translations Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:1-26, which is a vision Isaiah receives. These are the words of Yahweh. -#### Judgment +### Judgment + This chapter is structured as a judgment against the Jews. God is acting as a judge reading the list of convictions against them and then he reads the judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Exile -#### Exile While the previous part of the prophecy in chapter 2 discussed the last days, this part of the prophecy predicts the exile of Judah to Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ While the previous part of the prophecy in chapter 2 discussed the last days, th * __[Isaiah 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/04/01.md b/isa/04/01.md index 1791954abf..3c57277844 100644 --- a/isa/04/01.md +++ b/isa/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let us take your name This phrase means "let us marry you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/04/02.md b/isa/04/02.md index d15653afe2..ab5f96816e 100644 --- a/isa/04/02.md +++ b/isa/04/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "branch" is a synecdoche that represents the crops Yahw # the fruit of the land will be the pride and delight of the escaped remnant in Israel The phrase "fruit of the land" speaks a synecdoche for all food crops that grow on the land. The words "pride" and "delight" are metonyms for what it is that brings pride and delight. Alternate translation: "the fruit of the land will be what makes those survivors in Israel proud and what they delight in" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/04/03.md b/isa/04/03.md index efef18525d..8bf2d10844 100644 --- a/isa/04/03.md +++ b/isa/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Lord will call th # everyone who is written down as living in Jerusalem This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everyone whose name is on the list of the people who live in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/04/04.md b/isa/04/04.md index 0a343f9634..aa6c1232b1 100644 --- a/isa/04/04.md +++ b/isa/04/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will punish the people or 2) Yahweh will declare # the spirit of flaming fire Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor that means Yahweh will remove sinners from Zion like a fire removes impurities or 2) "flaming fire" is a metonym that represents the destruction in general of all the sinners. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/04/05.md b/isa/04/05.md index 0af5cccc2c..a7ee7f4399 100644 --- a/isa/04/05.md +++ b/isa/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) a canopy for protecting the glorious city, or 2) a cano # canopy This is a cloth that is hung over something to cover it for protecton. - diff --git a/isa/04/06.md b/isa/04/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/04/06.md +++ b/isa/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/04/intro.md b/isa/04/intro.md index 697862827f..87e923f942 100644 --- a/isa/04/intro.md +++ b/isa/04/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Isaiah 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### More women than men -#### More women than men This chapter describes a time when there will be many more women than men in Judah. This is because so many of Judah's fighting men will have died before the exile. Those who come through this difficult time will be a holy remnant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Branch of Yahweh -#### Branch of Yahweh Scholars are divided over the possible meaning of this metaphor. Some believe it is a reference to the Messiah, while others believe it is a reference to the faithful remnant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Scholars are divided over the possible meaning of this metaphor. Some believe it * __[Isaiah 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/05/01.md b/isa/05/01.md index 3fe1f4c274..55b5132390 100644 --- a/isa/05/01.md +++ b/isa/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah tells a parable about a farmer and his vineyard. The farmer represents Go # on a very fertile hill "on a hill where very good crops could grow" - diff --git a/isa/05/02.md b/isa/05/02.md index 9f7f807d31..744f281c55 100644 --- a/isa/05/02.md +++ b/isa/05/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # wild grapes "worthless grapes" or "bad tasting grapes" - diff --git a/isa/05/03.md b/isa/05/03.md index f536f1ed00..84b675f78c 100644 --- a/isa/05/03.md +++ b/isa/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These expressions refer in general to all people living in Jerusalem and Judah, # judge between me and my vineyard The idea of a space separating two things is often used to express the idea of choosing one or the other of those things. Alternate translation: "decide who has acted right, I or my vineyard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/04.md b/isa/05/04.md index 4c3a4fa1e9..8aaf779de1 100644 --- a/isa/05/04.md +++ b/isa/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The owner uses this question to make a statement about his vineyard. This rhetor # When I looked for it to produce grapes, why did it produce wild grapes? The owner uses a question to say that his vineyard should have produced good grapes. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I wanted it to make good grapes, but it only produced worthless grapes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/05.md b/isa/05/05.md index 31b37578f1..729be5dadd 100644 --- a/isa/05/05.md +++ b/isa/05/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In Isaiah's parable, the owner of the vineyard continues to talk about his viney # it will be trampled down This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "animals will trample it down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/06.md b/isa/05/06.md index 850a337f50..ccfcbf16c8 100644 --- a/isa/05/06.md +++ b/isa/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will prune it # briers and thorns will spring up Briers and thorns are often used as symbols of ruined cities and land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/07.md b/isa/05/07.md index 7dafe817dc..1dd1567cba 100644 --- a/isa/05/07.md +++ b/isa/05/07.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ The words "there was" are understood from earlier in the verse. They can be repe # a shout This expression probably stands for many shouts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/08.md b/isa/05/08.md index fe9dbb8872..fb47a9544a 100644 --- a/isa/05/08.md +++ b/isa/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah announces God's judgment. # to those who join house to house, who join field to field "to those who take more and more houses, and who take more and more fields." Isaiah assumes that his audience knows that the law forbids someone from taking land from a family permanently. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/09.md b/isa/05/09.md index ee15fe5375..03dbd00012 100644 --- a/isa/05/09.md +++ b/isa/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # without any inhabitant "without anyone living in it" - diff --git a/isa/05/10.md b/isa/05/10.md index a4e85fd253..b573d3fd8b 100644 --- a/isa/05/10.md +++ b/isa/05/10.md @@ -3,17 +3,21 @@ The size of the vineyard is represented by the number of pairs of oxen that could plow it in one day. Each pair of oxen would be connected by a yoke. Alternate translation: "a vineyard that is large enough for ten pairs of oxen to plow it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # only one bath + The words "of wine" are implied. Alternate translation: "only one bath of wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # one bath + A bath is eqaul to 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) # one homer of seed will yield only an ephah + A homer is equal to 220 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) # only an ephah + The words "of grain" are implied. Alternate translation: "only an ephah of grain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # an ephah -An ephah is equal to 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) +An ephah is equal to 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) diff --git a/isa/05/11.md b/isa/05/11.md index ca267b2a31..80dfb8bcda 100644 --- a/isa/05/11.md +++ b/isa/05/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to people who do nothing all day but drink alcoholic drinks. (See: [ # until wine inflames them Here the power of wine to make its drinkers drunk is spoken of as if it were inflaming them, that is, setting them on fire. Alternate translation: "until they are drunk with wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/12.md b/isa/05/12.md index 930325f9b0..1d4e36232c 100644 --- a/isa/05/12.md +++ b/isa/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be beaten with the hand. I # the work of his hands Here the metonym "hands" represents the person who has done something. Alternate translation: "what Yahweh has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/13.md b/isa/05/13.md index 85db90b29e..cb04b63a60 100644 --- a/isa/05/13.md +++ b/isa/05/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ What they do not understand can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "becaus # are famished "are extremely hungry" - diff --git a/isa/05/14.md b/isa/05/14.md index bab2ea7153..cab2faa865 100644 --- a/isa/05/14.md +++ b/isa/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase speaks of Sheol, which stands here for the grave, to an animal that # their elite, the people, their leaders, and the revelers and those who are happy among them, descend into Sheol The prophet speaks of the future as if it were happening now. Alternate translation: "Many people of Israel, their important people and common people, their leaders and those who enjoy wild parties, will go into Sheol" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/15.md b/isa/05/15.md index bd6b03266b..b63db9819b 100644 --- a/isa/05/15.md +++ b/isa/05/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Looking down is often a sign of being ashamed. See how you translated similar wo # the lofty Here proud, arrogant people are spoken of as if they are high above other people. Alternate translation: "proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/16.md b/isa/05/16.md index 82bd71da4d..68295be906 100644 --- a/isa/05/16.md +++ b/isa/05/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # will be exalted Being honored is spoken of as if it were being lifted high. Alternate translation: "will be greatly honored" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/17.md b/isa/05/17.md index 2f7a7c9684..0f6214cca0 100644 --- a/isa/05/17.md +++ b/isa/05/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ eat grass # in the ruins, lambs will graze as foreigners That is, the lambs will graze there. The land will be worthless for any other use. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/18.md b/isa/05/18.md index ff14473ade..f826439d27 100644 --- a/isa/05/18.md +++ b/isa/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Woe to those who pull along iniquity with useless cords and who pull along sin as if it were with a cart rope These phrases mean basically the same thing. They speak of people who continue to sin on purpose as if they were using all their strength to pull a heavy cart along. God will punish them for their sin. Alternate translation: "Woe to those who work hard to sin as a person who drags a cart by a rope" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/19.md b/isa/05/19.md index 42f86b64eb..7206857058 100644 --- a/isa/05/19.md +++ b/isa/05/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's plans are spoken of as if they were objects that could come by themselves. # the Holy One of Israel Translate "the Holy One" as in [Isaiah 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/isa/05/20.md b/isa/05/20.md index 2a031f475c..f47f222b93 100644 --- a/isa/05/20.md +++ b/isa/05/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who represent darkness as light, and light as darkness ... bitter as sweet, and sweet as bitter Those who do these things are the same as those "who call evil good, and good evil." These things are opposites and people know the difference between them, but some people lie and say that bad things are good. Alternate translation: "They are like people who call darkness light and light darkness. They are like people who call bitter things sweet and sweet things bitter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/21.md b/isa/05/21.md index 1f8c51a9c1..bc7ef54be8 100644 --- a/isa/05/21.md +++ b/isa/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the metonym "eyes" refers to their thoughts. Alternate translation: "to tho # prudent in their own understanding "think they understand everything" - diff --git a/isa/05/22.md b/isa/05/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/05/22.md +++ b/isa/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/05/23.md b/isa/05/23.md index e458522e6f..5f47a190a0 100644 --- a/isa/05/23.md +++ b/isa/05/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This passage is speaking about corrupt judges in courts of law. # deprive those in the right of what is right "do not treat innocent people fairly" - diff --git a/isa/05/24.md b/isa/05/24.md index 3c8a3b283f..10ca24822a 100644 --- a/isa/05/24.md +++ b/isa/05/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ or "dry grass" # their root will rot, and their blossom will blow away like dust Isaiah speaks of these people as if they were a dying plant. Alternate translation: "they will die like a plant whose roots have rotted and whose blossom has dried up and blown away in the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/25.md b/isa/05/25.md index 67b5c1fa3a..ce25fdfc2a 100644 --- a/isa/05/25.md +++ b/isa/05/25.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The dead bodies are allowed to lie in the streets as if they were garbage. This # his hand is still stretched out Here "hand" represents God's power and control. Isaiah speaks as if Yahweh were a person about to hit another person with his fist. This is a metaphor for Yahweh punishing Israel. Alternate translation: "he will still be ready to punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/26.md b/isa/05/26.md index 9ffac43750..e27b349a6d 100644 --- a/isa/05/26.md +++ b/isa/05/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a loud, high pitched noise a person makes with their mouth to call a person or a # speedily and promptly These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how quickly they will come. Alternate translation: "very quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/27.md b/isa/05/27.md index 0a7931f99c..136d80f6c0 100644 --- a/isa/05/27.md +++ b/isa/05/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The soldiers kept their clothes tight so it would easier to move and fight. # the thongs of their sandals "the straps of their sandals" - diff --git a/isa/05/28.md b/isa/05/28.md index 5f21f0bcd9..7f60d5beb4 100644 --- a/isa/05/28.md +++ b/isa/05/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah compares the chariot wheels to storms in order to imply that they will de # chariot wheels These wheels often had sharp blades attached to them that would cut to pieces anyone the chariot passed close to. - diff --git a/isa/05/29.md b/isa/05/29.md index 03900303fb..6749aedbff 100644 --- a/isa/05/29.md +++ b/isa/05/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ animals that another animal wants to catch and kill # with none to rescue "and no one will be able to save them" - diff --git a/isa/05/30.md b/isa/05/30.md index 4d1f4e5f19..982f289753 100644 --- a/isa/05/30.md +++ b/isa/05/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "roar" here is translated "growl" in verse 29. Use your language's word # even the light will be made dark by the clouds Here darkness represents suffering and disaster. This metaphor can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the dark clouds will completely block the light of the sun" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/05/intro.md b/isa/05/intro.md index fdeac03e8e..5c3d71921a 100644 --- a/isa/05/intro.md +++ b/isa/05/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,26 @@ # Isaiah 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Woe -#### Woe This chapter presents a series of woes, or judgments against those who are spoken against. Most of these judgements are due to the lack of justice in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Allegory -#### Allegory This chapter begins as an allegory. An allegory is a story with a symbolic meaning. This allegory is meant to teach the Jews that they sinned against Yahweh and that there was nothing more he could have done for them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ==Animals being present where people once lived== -Verse 17 ("Then the sheep will feed as in their own pasture, and in the ruins of the rich people, lambs will graze") is an example of the Old Testament's prophets' habit of describing complete ruin and desolation in terms of a picture of animals—usually wild animals, but here sheep and lambs—living in or feeding in those places. Whether the picture is of flocks or wild animals, the purpose is to say that the human habitation has gone back to wild nature, and that this has happened because of God's punishment on the people. +Verse 17 ("Then the sheep will feed as in their own pasture, and in the ruins of the rich people, lambs will graze") is an example of the Old Testament's prophets' habit of describing complete ruin and desolation in terms of a picture of animals—usually wild animals, but here sheep and lambs—living in or feeding in those places. Whether the picture is of flocks or wild animals, the purpose is to say that the human habitation has gone back to wild nature, and that this has happened because of God's punishment on the people. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/06/01.md b/isa/06/01.md index cb9575baef..59286d3eab 100644 --- a/isa/06/01.md +++ b/isa/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "high" and "elevated" emphasize that the throne was very high and abov # filled the temple "filled the palace." The word used for temple here is often used to refer to the palace of kings. - diff --git a/isa/06/02.md b/isa/06/02.md index c9dc4ad406..3e2380ce44 100644 --- a/isa/06/02.md +++ b/isa/06/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word suggests that the creatures might have a fiery appearance or resemble # with two each covered his face, and with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew The words "wings" and "seraph" are understood. Alternate translation: "with two wings each seraph covered his face, and with two wings he covered his feet, and with two wings he flew" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/03.md b/isa/06/03.md index dde161b585..46eb400003 100644 --- a/isa/06/03.md +++ b/isa/06/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Repeating the word "holy" three times indicates God is completely holy. Alternat # The whole earth is full of his glory This speaks of the earth as if it were a container and glory were the contents in the container. Alternate translation: "Everything on the earth is evidence of God's glory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/04.md b/isa/06/04.md index 5fda236fca..2944b1b90c 100644 --- a/isa/06/04.md +++ b/isa/06/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah continues to describe his vision. # the house was filled with smoke This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "smoke filled the temple" or "smoke filled the palace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/05.md b/isa/06/05.md index 2e9a1375aa..054e4339fb 100644 --- a/isa/06/05.md +++ b/isa/06/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh, the ruler of the angel armies" # my eyes have seen Here "eyes" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I have seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/06.md b/isa/06/06.md index 7c7c850b49..ae88443ae7 100644 --- a/isa/06/06.md +++ b/isa/06/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word suggests that the creatures might have a fiery appearance or resemble # tongs a tool used for grabbing or holding objects - diff --git a/isa/06/07.md b/isa/06/07.md index 915e833e2a..09d00024ea 100644 --- a/isa/06/07.md +++ b/isa/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases say basically the same thing. This can be stated in active for # your guilt has been taken away Yahweh no longer considering a person to be guilty is spoken of as if "guilt" were an object that someone could take away from someone else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/08.md b/isa/06/08.md index 66f1d3a9c7..c64065161e 100644 --- a/isa/06/08.md +++ b/isa/06/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that Yahweh will send someone to speak his message to the people o # who will go for us It seems "us" refers to Yahweh and the members of his heavenly council to whom he is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/09.md b/isa/06/09.md index 52c36567ae..d744d97edc 100644 --- a/isa/06/09.md +++ b/isa/06/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Hearing, you will hear, but you will not understand; seeing, you will see, but you will not know If needed, you can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: "You will hear Yahweh's message, but you will not understand what it means; you will see what Yahweh is doing, but you will not know what it means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/10.md b/isa/06/10.md index 510aa0bb44..8c4e267434 100644 --- a/isa/06/10.md +++ b/isa/06/10.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Repenting and starting to obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the people were physica # be healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I would heal them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/11.md b/isa/06/11.md index 8421f6b52b..6131e9ef09 100644 --- a/isa/06/11.md +++ b/isa/06/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the land falls into a desolate waste Here "falls into" is an idiom that means to become something worse. Alternate translation: "the land becomes a desolate waste" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/12.md b/isa/06/12.md index 94e8a27679..9a1d51e7df 100644 --- a/isa/06/12.md +++ b/isa/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until Yahweh has sent the people far away, and the whole land is completely abandoned Here Yahweh speaks about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "until I, Yahweh, have sent all the people far away from their land, so that no one is left" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/13.md b/isa/06/13.md index 773af94a9e..ee43b7eca6 100644 --- a/isa/06/13.md +++ b/isa/06/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A trunk is the thick main stem of a tree. A stump is the part of a tree that rem # the holy seed The people who will serve Yahweh after armies destroy Israel are spoken of as if they were set apart as a holy seed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/06/intro.md b/isa/06/intro.md index 1518f8e1bf..2c8df5d857 100644 --- a/isa/06/intro.md +++ b/isa/06/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Isaiah 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 6:3-4,7, 9-13. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Heaven -#### Heaven This vision described in this chapter is probably a scene in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) -#### Isaiah's call +### Isaiah's call + This chapter record Isaiah's call to prophetic ministry. It recognizes the holiness of God and Isaiah recognizes his need for holiness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Inevitability -#### Inevitability The way Yahweh speaks in this chapter shows the inevitability of the punishment of Yahweh against the people of Judah. The punishment must now come. It is too late for repentance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ The way Yahweh speaks in this chapter shows the inevitability of the punishment * __[Isaiah 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/07/01.md b/isa/07/01.md index b3817d97d4..7c0d673d8b 100644 --- a/isa/07/01.md +++ b/isa/07/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author speaks as if the kings were the armies they led. Alternate translatio # to war against it The author speaks as if the city itself were the people who live in it. Alternate translation: "to war against the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/02.md b/isa/07/02.md index 920380e791..03d9451638 100644 --- a/isa/07/02.md +++ b/isa/07/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Aram" and "Ephraim" refer to their kings. Here "Ephraim" represents the wh # His heart trembled, and the heart of his people, as the trees of the forest shake in the wind The trembling of their hearts at this news is compared to the way trees shake when the wind blows through them. Alternate translation: "Ahaz and his people were very afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/03.md b/isa/07/03.md index 5173f13646..37168408aa 100644 --- a/isa/07/03.md +++ b/isa/07/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is the proper name by which the people called the # Launderer's Field A launderer is either 1) a man who washes wool that someone has cut from the sheep, "Wool Washer Field," or 2) a woman who washes dirty clothes, "Clothes Washer Field." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/04.md b/isa/07/04.md index 3a3122bfca..3e8eb87284 100644 --- a/isa/07/04.md +++ b/isa/07/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God compares Rezin and Pekah to burning sticks whose fire has gone out and are m # afraid or intimidated The words "afraid" and "intimidated" mean the same thing and can be translated as one word. Alternate translation: "afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/05.md b/isa/07/05.md index 5be63ba195..d63b8a5271 100644 --- a/isa/07/05.md +++ b/isa/07/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. Translate his name as in [Isaiah 7:1](../07/01.md). # have planned evil against you Here "you" is singular and refers to Ahaz. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/06.md b/isa/07/06.md index 478bc66af2..4262dbf364 100644 --- a/isa/07/06.md +++ b/isa/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # son of Tabeel It is unknown who this man is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/07.md b/isa/07/07.md index 9536498e92..a4506167d3 100644 --- a/isa/07/07.md +++ b/isa/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Isaiah what he should tell Ahaz ([Isaiah 7:3](../07/03.md)). - diff --git a/isa/07/08.md b/isa/07/08.md index 6d1ac79470..0a46625d2d 100644 --- a/isa/07/08.md +++ b/isa/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "head" is a metonym for the most important part. It is implied that Rezin i # Ephraim will be shattered and will no longer be a people Here "Ephraim" refers to all of the northern kingdom of Israel. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "an army will destroy Ephraim, and there will no longer be a people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/09.md b/isa/07/09.md index 702035e91e..fad4031638 100644 --- a/isa/07/09.md +++ b/isa/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "If you continue to # If you do not remain "Unless you remain" - diff --git a/isa/07/10.md b/isa/07/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/07/10.md +++ b/isa/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/07/11.md b/isa/07/11.md index 5e17b0369f..5c74c89fdc 100644 --- a/isa/07/11.md +++ b/isa/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses the words "Sheol" and "height" to mean Ahaz could ask him for anythi # the height The abstract noun "height" can be translated with a preposition. "places far above you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/12.md b/isa/07/12.md index df6d3d8e02..d960f9c402 100644 --- a/isa/07/12.md +++ b/isa/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will not ask "will not ask Yahweh for a sign" - diff --git a/isa/07/13.md b/isa/07/13.md index 5a19f8b644..1787519fc7 100644 --- a/isa/07/13.md +++ b/isa/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family living in the house. See how you tr # Is it not enough for you people to test the patience of people? Must you also test the patience of my God? These questions emphasize that the king has sinned greatly. Alternate translation: "You test the patience of people! Now you even test the patience of my God!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/14.md b/isa/07/14.md index 8fc757e826..d89bd39291 100644 --- a/isa/07/14.md +++ b/isa/07/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some ancient versions and some contemporary versions translate, "the virgin will # his name Immanuel Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Immanuel means 'God with us.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/15.md b/isa/07/15.md index 61aa2cf8a3..e929689a7c 100644 --- a/isa/07/15.md +++ b/isa/07/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ milk that people have treated to make it into a soft solid # refuse the evil and choose the good Here "the evil" and "the good" refer to evil and good things in general. Alternate translation: "refuse to do evil deeds and choose to do good deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/16.md b/isa/07/16.md index 799a95af69..7a94e53521 100644 --- a/isa/07/16.md +++ b/isa/07/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the evil" and "the good" refer to evil and good things in general. See how # you dread "you fear." Here "you" is singular and refers to Ahaz. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/17.md b/isa/07/17.md index 8e6b4851f6..9f6981816a 100644 --- a/isa/07/17.md +++ b/isa/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your people This refers to the people of Judah. - diff --git a/isa/07/18.md b/isa/07/18.md index 73f846e4d3..888f6b506c 100644 --- a/isa/07/18.md +++ b/isa/07/18.md @@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ before the child knows to refuse the evil and choose the good ([Isaiah 7:15](../ # for a fly from the distant streams of Egypt, and for a bee from the land of Assyria -Here the armies of Egypt and Assyria are spoken of as if they are insects that will invade the land of Israel. This can be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: "for the armies of Egypt and Assyria, and their soldiers will be everywhere like flies and bees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - +Here the armies of Egypt and Assyria are spoken of as if they are insects that will invade the land of Israel. This can be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: "for the armies of Egypt and Assyria, and their soldiers will be everywhere like flies and bees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) diff --git a/isa/07/19.md b/isa/07/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/07/19.md +++ b/isa/07/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/07/20.md b/isa/07/20.md index ae82d47606..1d3f4350ee 100644 --- a/isa/07/20.md +++ b/isa/07/20.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a polite way to speak of the hair on the lower # it will also sweep "the razor will also sweep." If your language requires a person to be the subject of "will ... sweep," you can say, "the Lord will also sweep." - diff --git a/isa/07/21.md b/isa/07/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/07/21.md +++ b/isa/07/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/07/22.md b/isa/07/22.md index 1b0ddddddd..30bdbb78d9 100644 --- a/isa/07/22.md +++ b/isa/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of the abundance of milk they give The abstract noun "abundance" can be translated as a clause. Alternate translation: "because they will give so much milk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/23.md b/isa/07/23.md index 02baf11e21..ee97eea821 100644 --- a/isa/07/23.md +++ b/isa/07/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Isaiah continues to describe the time when the army from Assyria will attack the # briers and thorns The words "briers" and "thorns" both refer to useless, thorny plants. It is not necessary to translate both words. Alternate translation: "thorn bushes" or "brier bushes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/24.md b/isa/07/24.md index d598774009..8a3daae05d 100644 --- a/isa/07/24.md +++ b/isa/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because all the land will be briers and thorns Why the hunters come to these lands can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "because there will be nothing in these lands but briers, thorns, and wild animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/25.md b/isa/07/25.md index 62efb781a6..7b2633239c 100644 --- a/isa/07/25.md +++ b/isa/07/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will stay away from all the hills that were cultivated with the hoe This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will stay away from the hills where they once prepared the soil to plant crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/07/intro.md b/isa/07/intro.md index ad12c8be1f..5cea149bcd 100644 --- a/isa/07/intro.md +++ b/isa/07/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 7:7-9, 18-25. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Young woman" -Some translations choose to translate this as "virgin" and believe it is a reference to the Messiah being born of a virgin woman. This is only one possible translation, therefore most translations have avoided forcing this specific connotation into the meaning of the term. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) +### "Young woman" -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +Some translations choose to translate this as "virgin" and believe it is a reference to the Messiah being born of a virgin woman. This is only one possible translation, therefore most translations have avoided forcing this specific connotation into the meaning of the term. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Israel -#### Israel In this chapter, Israel is a reference to the northern kingdom of Israel and not the nation as a whole. They are also called Ephraim in this chapter after its most prominent tribe. ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ In this chapter, Israel is a reference to the northern kingdom of Israel and not * __[Isaiah 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/08/01.md b/isa/08/01.md index f27f76631f..2412b8d88e 100644 --- a/isa/08/01.md +++ b/isa/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh said to me Here the word "me" refers to Isaiah. - diff --git a/isa/08/02.md b/isa/08/02.md index 9ca795a7e4..dba0c5669d 100644 --- a/isa/08/02.md +++ b/isa/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will summon faithful witnesses to attest for me Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh is speaking: "I will call honest men to be witnesses" or 2) Isaiah is speaking: "I called honest men to be witnesses" or 3) Yahweh is commanding Isaiah: "Call honest men to be witnesses." - diff --git a/isa/08/03.md b/isa/08/03.md index 12c6607ea0..c47ff04fac 100644 --- a/isa/08/03.md +++ b/isa/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I went to the prophetess The phrase "went to" here is a euphemism for sexual relations. It can be stated explicitly that Isaiah is married to the prophetess. Alternate translation: "I had sexual relations with the prophetess" or "I had sexual relations with my wife, the prophetess" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/04.md b/isa/08/04.md index 2e0397bf8d..bab4df290f 100644 --- a/isa/08/04.md +++ b/isa/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the riches of Damascus and the plunder of Samaria will be carried away by the king of Assyria This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the king of Assyria will carry away all the treasures of Damascus and Samaria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/05.md b/isa/08/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/08/05.md +++ b/isa/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/08/06.md b/isa/08/06.md index a559d4774c..d08d89af33 100644 --- a/isa/08/06.md +++ b/isa/08/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "gentle waters" are a metaphor for the law of the Lord. Alternate tran # rejoices over Rezin and the son of Remaliah The full meaning can be made explicit. See how you translated these men's names in [Isaiah 7:1](../07/01.md). Alternate translation: "is happy that the armies of Assyria have defeated Rezin, king of Aram, and Pekah, Remaliah's son, king of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/07.md b/isa/08/07.md index 616fedfe34..80f2620b34 100644 --- a/isa/08/07.md +++ b/isa/08/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The river symbolizes the army of Assyria. Alternate translation: "the army from # the River the Euphrates River in Assyria - diff --git a/isa/08/08.md b/isa/08/08.md index d8454ceb1a..263b57ae14 100644 --- a/isa/08/08.md +++ b/isa/08/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) as "the River" in the metaphor rises, its "wings" flow # Immanuel Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Immanuel means 'God with us.'" See how you translated this in [Isaiah 7:14](../07/14.md). - diff --git a/isa/08/09.md b/isa/08/09.md index f5d6a810a7..690d789afc 100644 --- a/isa/08/09.md +++ b/isa/08/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah speaks as if people in other countries can hear him. Alternate translatio # gird yourselves and be broken to pieces; gird yourselves and be broken to pieces Yahweh is mocking the peoples and saying that no matter how they prepare for war, he will defeat them. These words are stated twice for emphasis. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will prepare yourselves for battle, but I will destroy you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/10.md b/isa/08/10.md index 39454ecf13..621e32d49f 100644 --- a/isa/08/10.md +++ b/isa/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You can prepare to at # it will not be carried out ... it will not be carried out To "carry out" a plan or command is to do what the person who makes the plan or command wants the hearer to do. These clauses can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will not be able to do what you plan to do ... your soldiers will not be able to do what their commanders tell them to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/11.md b/isa/08/11.md index 03b43aa382..ffa7b28a99 100644 --- a/isa/08/11.md +++ b/isa/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "his strong hand upon me" is an idiom that refers to Yahweh's power. Altern # warned me not to walk in the way of this people. This is an indirect quote that ends in 8:17. Alternate translation: "warned me and said, 'Do not act like this people.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/12.md b/isa/08/12.md index a9a9ff001e..89bf70bb23 100644 --- a/isa/08/12.md +++ b/isa/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not call conspiracy anything that this people calls conspiracy The people imagine there are conspiracies, and it makes them anxious. Alternate translation: "Do not worry like this people who think someone is always trying to harm them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/13.md b/isa/08/13.md index b449a63e16..eff9c4e252 100644 --- a/isa/08/13.md +++ b/isa/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is Yahweh of hosts whom you will honor as holy; he is the one you must fear, and he is the one you must dread If you translate this as a direct quote, you can also translate it with Yahweh speaking in the first person: "But you will consider me, Yahweh of Hosts, as holy. And you will fear and be in awe of me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/14.md b/isa/08/14.md index ccf15f24f6..696a95d25e 100644 --- a/isa/08/14.md +++ b/isa/08/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a device that catches a bird in a net or basket # snare a trap that catches and holds an animal's leg or nose - diff --git a/isa/08/15.md b/isa/08/15.md index 944bb5af76..062be4c27e 100644 --- a/isa/08/15.md +++ b/isa/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Many people will stum # ensnared and captured These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that they will be caught in the trap. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/16.md b/isa/08/16.md index 2e48fd3d84..a65ca8ccd3 100644 --- a/isa/08/16.md +++ b/isa/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "Close u # my testimony ... my disciples It is unclear to whom the word "my" refers. It could be Isaiah or Yahweh. It is best to leave the pronouns ambiguous if your language will allow it. - diff --git a/isa/08/17.md b/isa/08/17.md index 6eee2fe2b6..0baa5c374b 100644 --- a/isa/08/17.md +++ b/isa/08/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh's "face" is a metonym for his blessing or favor. Alternate translation: " # house of Jacob people of Israel - diff --git a/isa/08/18.md b/isa/08/18.md index 509112e04d..94c15f7fd0 100644 --- a/isa/08/18.md +++ b/isa/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I and the sons whom Yahweh has given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel "I and the sons Yahweh has given me are like signs to warn the people of Israel." The sons are Shear-Jashub and Maher-shalal-hash-baz, whose names are a message to the people of Israel. (See: [Isaiah 7:3](../07/03.md) and [Isaiah 8:1](./01.md)) - diff --git a/isa/08/19.md b/isa/08/19.md index c3446f19b5..e213d0c540 100644 --- a/isa/08/19.md +++ b/isa/08/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ make sounds like birds # But should a people not consult their God? Should they consult the dead on behalf of the living? These questions are to show that people should consult God instead of foolishly trying to talk to dead people. Alternate translation: "But people should ask Yahweh to guide them. They should not seek answers from those who have died." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/20.md b/isa/08/20.md index a7efcca903..df2f018730 100644 --- a/isa/08/20.md +++ b/isa/08/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 8:16](../08/16.md). # it is because they have no light of dawn Isaiah speaks of people who do not know God as if they were people walking in darkness without any light. Alternate translation: "it is because they are like a person lost in the dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/21.md b/isa/08/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/08/21.md +++ b/isa/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/08/22.md b/isa/08/22.md index dc52f92f7f..e630e4f81d 100644 --- a/isa/08/22.md +++ b/isa/08/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They will be banished to thick darkness This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will drive them out into complete darkness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/08/intro.md b/isa/08/intro.md index ad12495ba4..97dc40c85e 100644 --- a/isa/08/intro.md +++ b/isa/08/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 8:6-18, 21-22. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust in Yahweh -#### Trust in Yahweh Israel will not trust in Yahweh. Instead, they will trust in their own power, their Gentile allies and the power of false gods. They will be punished because the power of Yahweh is greater than all of these. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Israel will not trust in Yahweh. Instead, they will trust in their own power, th * __[Isaiah 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/09/01.md b/isa/09/01.md index b152f090e0..c6c9f67ad8 100644 --- a/isa/09/01.md +++ b/isa/09/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "it" refers to Galilee which represents the people who live there. Alternat # Galilee of the nations Here "nations" represents the people from other nations that live in Galilee. Alternate translation: "Galilee, where many foreigners live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/02.md b/isa/09/02.md index 71a7ec9e7c..9df32779c7 100644 --- a/isa/09/02.md +++ b/isa/09/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "light" represents hope and deliverance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-me # the land of the shadow of death The phrase "shadow of death" is an idiom that means absolute darkness. Alternate translation: "the land of deepest darkness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/03.md b/isa/09/03.md index 8696bbb681..432439ac59 100644 --- a/isa/09/03.md +++ b/isa/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" refers to Yahweh. The word "their" refers to the people of Israel # They rejoice before you like the joy at harvest time, as men rejoice when they divide the plunder The joy that Yahweh will give Israel is described as the same kind of joy people have when they bring in a harvest or divide valuable plunder. Alternate translation: "They will rejoice before you as people rejoice when they gather their crops or when a battle is over and soldiers divide what they took" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/04.md b/isa/09/04.md index 49cae70d57..d23d6e640b 100644 --- a/isa/09/04.md +++ b/isa/09/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Isaiah speaks of the power the oppressor has over the people of Judah as if it w # as on the day of Midian The word "day" is an idiom that can refer to an event that takes more than one day to happen. Alternate translation: "as when you defeated the Midianites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/05.md b/isa/09/05.md index b75c96882e..2aa03127b7 100644 --- a/isa/09/05.md +++ b/isa/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will burn the boo # burned, fuel for the fire This can be made more explicit by translating it as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "burned. You will make the boots and the garments fuel for the fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/06.md b/isa/09/06.md index 212125b532..f152a80d46 100644 --- a/isa/09/06.md +++ b/isa/09/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ His authority to rule is spoken of as if it were the robe that is a symbol of hi # Counselor one who advises kings - diff --git a/isa/09/07.md b/isa/09/07.md index 14a04db82a..57f83fecb4 100644 --- a/isa/09/07.md +++ b/isa/09/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "his kingdom. H # Yahweh of hosts See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/09/08.md b/isa/09/08.md index 941045ecc7..bf9ed6d21e 100644 --- a/isa/09/08.md +++ b/isa/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jacob ... Israel These names refer to the people of the northern kingdom of Israel. - diff --git a/isa/09/09.md b/isa/09/09.md index d178859255..e68df1c702 100644 --- a/isa/09/09.md +++ b/isa/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These names all refer to the people of the northern kingdom of Israel. # All the people will know, even Ephraim and the inhabitants of Samaria What they will know can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "All the people will know that the Lord has judged them, even those in Ephraim and Samaria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/10.md b/isa/09/10.md index d812d6548a..90293ea4d6 100644 --- a/isa/09/10.md +++ b/isa/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The bricks have fallen, but we will rebuild with chiseled stone; the sycamores have been cut down, but we will put cedars in their place The full meaning can be made explicit. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We will replace the common bricks of our destroyed cities with expensive cut stone, and we will plant great cedar trees where ordinary sycamore trees grew" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/11.md b/isa/09/11.md index bff114fd43..9bdba9ec8e 100644 --- a/isa/09/11.md +++ b/isa/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated Rezin in [Isaiah 7:1](../07/01 # will stir up his enemies The phrase "stir up" is an idiom that means to incite them to attack. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will cause Israel's enemies to attack" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/12.md b/isa/09/12.md index 5ed03a894b..0cf51656af 100644 --- a/isa/09/12.md +++ b/isa/09/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # his hand is still stretched out Isaiah speaks as if Yahweh were a person about to hit another person with his fist. This is a metaphor for Yahweh punishing Israel. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:25](../05/25.md). Alternate translation: "he will still be ready to punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/13.md b/isa/09/13.md index 4ac5ce3f28..2349cf6f6e 100644 --- a/isa/09/13.md +++ b/isa/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh of hosts See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/09/14.md b/isa/09/14.md index 32e3be3c18..3833ab37b2 100644 --- a/isa/09/14.md +++ b/isa/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah explains this metaphor in verse 15. The "head," the part of an animal a p # palm branch and reed The "palm branch" grows high on the tree and is a metaphor for people who are important and rule others. The "reed" grows in shallow water and is a metaphor for people who are poor and unimportant and are ruled by others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/15.md b/isa/09/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/09/15.md +++ b/isa/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/09/16.md b/isa/09/16.md index 48b6f61eb0..12ad8fd425 100644 --- a/isa/09/16.md +++ b/isa/09/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The leaders causing people to disobey is spoken of as if the leaders led them on # those who are led by them are swallowed up This is a metaphor that can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: "those that they lead become confused" or 2) Alternate translation: "Yahweh destroys those that they lead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/17.md b/isa/09/17.md index 51fffff0c8..409128f1fc 100644 --- a/isa/09/17.md +++ b/isa/09/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "mouth" refers to the person. Alternate translation: "every person spea # his hand is still stretched out Isaiah speaks as if Yahweh were a person about to hit another person with his fist. This is a metaphor for Yahweh punishing Israel. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:25](../05/25.md). Alternate translation: "he will still be ready to punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/18.md b/isa/09/18.md index 95ed35612c..0f619a24eb 100644 --- a/isa/09/18.md +++ b/isa/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people's evil deeds are spoken of as if they were a very destructive fire. T # briers ... thorns The words "briers" and "thorns" both refer to useless, thorny plants; they can be translated using one word. See how you translated these words in [Isaiah 7:23](../07/23.md). Alternate translation: "thorn bushes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/19.md b/isa/09/19.md index f517908a06..540a327638 100644 --- a/isa/09/19.md +++ b/isa/09/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate "Yahweh of hosts" as in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). This can be stated # No man spares his brother "No one stops himself from harming his own brother" or "Everyone harms even his own brother." To "spare" a person means to want to harm him but to not harm him. - diff --git a/isa/09/20.md b/isa/09/20.md index 9e5b6fd736..c5308d9792 100644 --- a/isa/09/20.md +++ b/isa/09/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Each will even eat the flesh of his own arm Possible meanings are 1) people will be so hungry that they will want to eat or will actually eat their own arms or 2) the word "arm" is a metaphor for the person's neighbor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/21.md b/isa/09/21.md index 98a32b6783..d91d18c6ef 100644 --- a/isa/09/21.md +++ b/isa/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his hand is still stretched out Isaiah speaks as if Yahweh were a person about to hit another person with his fist. This is a metaphor for Yahweh punishing Israel. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:25](../05/25.md). Alternate translation: "he will still be ready to punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/09/intro.md b/isa/09/intro.md index 9633e8c49d..3259db646b 100644 --- a/isa/09/intro.md +++ b/isa/09/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ # Isaiah 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins with a prophecy that is a continuation of the prophecy concluding the previous chapter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 9:1-21. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Messiah -#### Messiah The prophecy in 9:1-7 is about the coming Messiah. Parts of this prophecy were fulfilled when he first came to earth. Other parts are to be fulfilled when he will return in glory to earth. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Fulfillment of prophecies -Some of the prophecies in this chapter were fulfilled in Isaiah's lifetime while others are fulfilled in the distant future. Some scholars believe that there can be multiple fulfillments of each of these prophecies, while others see only one complete fulfillment. +### Fulfillment of prophecies + +Some of the prophecies in this chapter were fulfilled in Isaiah's lifetime while others are fulfilled in the distant future. Some scholars believe that there can be multiple fulfillments of each of these prophecies, while others see only one complete fulfillment. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/10/01.md b/isa/10/01.md index afc35e5f92..a52f5acd68 100644 --- a/isa/10/01.md +++ b/isa/10/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to those who decree unjust decrees and write unjust laws These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "to those who make laws and decrees that are not fair to everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/02.md b/isa/10/02.md index ef10d41ea5..923d438f9e 100644 --- a/isa/10/02.md +++ b/isa/10/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Isaiah compares orphans to animals that other animals hunt and eat. This emphasi # prey Translated "prey" as in [Isaiah 5:29](../05/29.md). - diff --git a/isa/10/03.md b/isa/10/03.md index 34a7e17b31..01efb6384d 100644 --- a/isa/10/03.md +++ b/isa/10/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah uses a question to scold those in Judah who harm the poor and weak people # To whom will you flee for help, and where will you leave your wealth? Isaiah uses a question to scold those in Judah who harm the poor and weak people. Alternate translation: "You have nowhere to run for help, and you will have nowhere to hide your riches!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/04.md b/isa/10/04.md index 9e0581c4e8..7101368131 100644 --- a/isa/10/04.md +++ b/isa/10/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "None of your wealth remains as you crouch" or 2) "You # his hand is still stretched out Isaiah speaks as if Yahweh were a person about to hit another person with his fist. This is a metaphor for Yahweh punishing Israel. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:25](../05/25.md). Alternate translation: "he will still be ready to punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/05.md b/isa/10/05.md index dbb3fbb780..1b6ad3a04d 100644 --- a/isa/10/05.md +++ b/isa/10/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the king of Assyria. # the rod of my anger, the staff by whom I wield my fury Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Yahweh compares the king of Assyria to a weapon a person holds in his hand and hits other people with. It emphasizes that the king of Assyria and his army are a tool that Yahweh uses to punish Israel. Alternate translation: "who will be like a weapon in my hands that I will use to show my anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/06.md b/isa/10/06.md index 9f24748dcc..c41ee8a0f7 100644 --- a/isa/10/06.md +++ b/isa/10/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ to take the people like prey. See how you translated "prey" in [Isaiah 5:29](../ # trample them like mud Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh compares the army of Assyria attacking Israel to people stomping through mud who do not care what happens to the mud. Alternate translation: "trample them until they become like mud" or 2) the people are stomping on other people so they are lying in the mud and unable to rise. This is a metaphor for completely defeating them. Alternate translation: "completely defeat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/07.md b/isa/10/07.md index 9030061ba7..b9baf0ec37 100644 --- a/isa/10/07.md +++ b/isa/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The meaning of "this" and "this way" can be made explicit. Alternate translation # It is in his heart to destroy and eliminate many nations The words "destroy" and "eliminate" mean basically the same thing. They are used for emphasis. Alternate translation: "He wants to completely destroy many nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/08.md b/isa/10/08.md index 862b0b72b5..3cb153d6cf 100644 --- a/isa/10/08.md +++ b/isa/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Are not all my princes kings? The king of Assyria uses a question to emphasize what he believes everyone should already know. Alternate translation: "I have made captains of my army kings over lands I have conquered!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/09.md b/isa/10/09.md index db917c48bc..a826955fa0 100644 --- a/isa/10/09.md +++ b/isa/10/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king of Assyria uses these questions for emphasis. Alternate translation: "K # Kalno ... Carchemish ... Hamath ... Arpad These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/10.md b/isa/10/10.md index 39a5f13ac9..76d2c40631 100644 --- a/isa/10/10.md +++ b/isa/10/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the king of Assyria. # whose carved figures were greater During this time people believed that the greatness of an idol showed how powerful the kingdom that had built it was. The king of Assyria is saying that because the idols in Jerusalem are not as great as the idols of the kingdoms he has defeated, Jerusalem would be less able to defeat him than they were. - diff --git a/isa/10/11.md b/isa/10/11.md index 4332d24bca..f276343092 100644 --- a/isa/10/11.md +++ b/isa/10/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Samaria" refers to the people who lived there, and "her" refers to the # will I not also do the same to Jerusalem and to her idols? The king of Assyria used this question to emphasize the certainty that he will conquer the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "I will certainly do the same to Jerusalem and her idols!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/12.md b/isa/10/12.md index 5e01211ea3..9794f9dea2 100644 --- a/isa/10/12.md +++ b/isa/10/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ his work of punishing. "punishing ... and punishing" # I will punish the fruit of the arrogant heart of the king of Assyria and his prideful looks "I will punish the king of Assyria for the arrogant things he has said and the look of pride on his face" - diff --git a/isa/10/13.md b/isa/10/13.md index a1c40120b2..fc8f252504 100644 --- a/isa/10/13.md +++ b/isa/10/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the king of Assyria has shamed the people of the countr # I have brought Here the word "I" refers to the king of Assyria. He was the leader of the Assyrian army and took credit for what the army did at his command. Alternate translation: "I and my army have brought" or "we have brought (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/14.md b/isa/10/14.md index 5f1960cb53..fdd245e1c1 100644 --- a/isa/10/14.md +++ b/isa/10/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The king of Assyria speaks of taking over nations as if he was gathering eggs. A # None fluttered their wings or opened their mouth or chirped This compares the nations to a bird who sits quietly while her eggs are taken. This emphasizes that the nations did nothing while the army of Assyria took all of their possessions. Alternate translation: "And like a bird that does not make a sound or flap her wings when someone steals her eggs, the nations did nothing as we took their treasure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/15.md b/isa/10/15.md index e6ebcb9f0c..6658ece813 100644 --- a/isa/10/15.md +++ b/isa/10/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a sharp tool used for cutting wood # It is as if a rod could lift up those who raise it, or as if a staff could lift up a person These phrases mean basically the same thing and are used to strengthen the meaning of the two questions before it. This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "And neither can a rod or staff lift the person who picks it up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/16.md b/isa/10/16.md index 6b3091ba60..295fb7df0f 100644 --- a/isa/10/16.md +++ b/isa/10/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is unclear whether Yahweh or Isaiah is speaking. This can be reworded so that # under his glory there will be kindled a burning like fire Yahweh compares his punishment to a fire. This emphasizes that his punishment will completely destroy all the splendor and greatness of the kingdom of Assyria. Alternate translation: "I will destroy his greatness as if I were starting a fire to burn everything he is proud of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/17.md b/isa/10/17.md index 8cf2541736..c9cdaa96e0 100644 --- a/isa/10/17.md +++ b/isa/10/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "light of Israel" refers to Yahweh. It is unclear whether Yahweh or I # thorns ... briers The words "briers" and "thorns" both refer to useless, thorny plants; they can be translated using one expression. See how you translated these words in [Isaiah 7:23](../07/23.md). Alternate translation: "thorn bushes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/18.md b/isa/10/18.md index dde690475b..386b84f76b 100644 --- a/isa/10/18.md +++ b/isa/10/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this emphasizes that God will completely destroy the fo # it will be like when a sick man's life wastes away This compares either the forests and farmlands of Assyria or the army of Assyria to a sick man as he lies in bed dying. This emphasizes how something so great can become weak and dying. Alternate translation: "they will be like a sick man who grows weak and dies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/19.md b/isa/10/19.md index 739df81f74..bdf1b57477 100644 --- a/isa/10/19.md +++ b/isa/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The remnant of the trees of his forest will be so few "What remains of the trees in the king's forest will be so few" - diff --git a/isa/10/20.md b/isa/10/20.md index bf573853b0..1a688ade6e 100644 --- a/isa/10/20.md +++ b/isa/10/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The meaning can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "that has escaped from # Holy One See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/isa/10/21.md b/isa/10/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/10/21.md +++ b/isa/10/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/10/22.md b/isa/10/22.md index 956b395b64..b14e30678a 100644 --- a/isa/10/22.md +++ b/isa/10/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has decreed th # as overflowing righteousness demands This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "This must be done for the sake of perfect righteousness" or "Yahweh must do this because he is completely righteous" - diff --git a/isa/10/23.md b/isa/10/23.md index 7f59726da3..2d28035b00 100644 --- a/isa/10/23.md +++ b/isa/10/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate transl # determined "decided" - diff --git a/isa/10/24.md b/isa/10/24.md index f194c6e9f0..4dc64e3ddd 100644 --- a/isa/10/24.md +++ b/isa/10/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [Isaiah](../10/05.md). # as the Egyptians did The full meaning can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "as the Egyptians ruled over your ancestors and made them slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/25.md b/isa/10/25.md index 856a5ba6dd..7d63fdef18 100644 --- a/isa/10/25.md +++ b/isa/10/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my anger will lead to his destruction The abstract noun "destruction" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "I will destroy him because I am angry with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/26.md b/isa/10/26.md index 2c6aed248c..37982f5ec3 100644 --- a/isa/10/26.md +++ b/isa/10/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to when God helped a man named Gideon defeat the army of Midian. (Se # He will raise his rod over the sea and lift it up as he did in Egypt This speaks of God rescuing the people from the Assyrians as if they were the Egyptian army. This refers to when God caused the water of the Red Sea to split so the people of Israel could escape from the Egyptian army and so that the Egyptian army would drown in it. Alternate translation: "He will help you escape from the army of Assyria as he helped your ancestors escape the army of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/27.md b/isa/10/27.md index 31aa8fa692..7eb8685e93 100644 --- a/isa/10/27.md +++ b/isa/10/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the yoke will be destroyed because of fatness This expression suggests that the neck of the animal that is wearing the yoke will become too fat to fit the yoke any longer. This is a metaphor for Israel becoming so strong that the Assyrians can no longer rule them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your neck will become so fat that it will break the yoke" or "you will become so strong that you will no longer be the Assyrians' slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/28.md b/isa/10/28.md index 2274a8d357..e83c69c969 100644 --- a/isa/10/28.md +++ b/isa/10/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah speaks of these future events as though they have already happened. (See: # Aiath ... Migron ... Mikmash These are all cities and villages near Jerusalem that the army of Assyria went through and caused trouble in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/29.md b/isa/10/29.md index e5a4251c63..1ce519b1b1 100644 --- a/isa/10/29.md +++ b/isa/10/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are all cities and villages near Jerusalem that the army of Assyria went t # Ramah trembles and Gibeah of Saul has fled Here "Ramah" and "Gibeah of Saul" refer to the people who lived in those cities. Alternate translation: "The people of Ramah tremble and the people of Gibeah of Saul have fled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/30.md b/isa/10/30.md index 2d0c481b12..329233e295 100644 --- a/isa/10/30.md +++ b/isa/10/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "daughter" here refers to the people who live in the city. Alternate tr # Gallim ... Laishah ... Anathoth These are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/31.md b/isa/10/31.md index 8bf1f7ba30..2ba80be869 100644 --- a/isa/10/31.md +++ b/isa/10/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Madmenah ... Gebim These are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/32.md b/isa/10/32.md index 9c1b3500dc..149d047bce 100644 --- a/isa/10/32.md +++ b/isa/10/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "he" and "his" refer to the king of Assyria and his soldiers. People would # the mountain of the daughter of Zion, the hill of Jerusalem The words "mount" and "hill" are metonyms for the people who live on them. The words "mount of the daughter of Zion" mean almost the same thing as the words "hill of Jerusalem." See how they are translated in [Isaiah 2:14](../02/14.md). Alternate translation: "the people of Mount Zion and the people living on the hill in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/33.md b/isa/10/33.md index c7642fe0e6..c157b547d4 100644 --- a/isa/10/33.md +++ b/isa/10/33.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will bring down th # lofty proud - diff --git a/isa/10/34.md b/isa/10/34.md index 95fd88aff1..21fdedfc58 100644 --- a/isa/10/34.md +++ b/isa/10/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah speaks of the army of Assyria as if it were the tall trees in Lebanon. Go # Lebanon in his majesty will fall "the forests of Lebanon will no longer be so grand." This is possibly a metaphor for the Assyrian army. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will defeat the army of Assyria, as mighty as it is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/10/intro.md b/isa/10/intro.md index d136c4acdd..11124f0db8 100644 --- a/isa/10/intro.md +++ b/isa/10/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,20 @@ # Isaiah 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins with a prophecy that is a continuation of the prophecy beginning in 8:21. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. ULB does this with the poetry in 10:1-11, 13-14, 15-19, 27-34. - (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) +(See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's sovereignty -Yahweh has so much power and authority that he controls all of the nations. He even controls the nations who do not worship him. He uses Assyria to punish the kingdom of Israel. +### Yahweh's sovereignty -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +Yahweh has so much power and authority that he controls all of the nations. He even controls the nations who do not worship him. He uses Assyria to punish the kingdom of Israel. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to make statements about Israel's sin. The Assyrians use rhetorical questions in order to boast in their pride. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +22,3 @@ There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. Yahweh uses rhetorical ques * __[Isaiah 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/11/01.md b/isa/11/01.md index a00db68af4..4a6a547e8a 100644 --- a/isa/11/01.md +++ b/isa/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah speaks of Jesse and his descendants as if they were a tree that had been # the stump of Jesse A stump is what remains of a tree after it is chopped down. The "stump of Jesse" represents what was left of the kingdom that Jesse's son David was once king of. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/11/02.md b/isa/11/02.md index cc5b07505e..980cc4a479 100644 --- a/isa/11/02.md +++ b/isa/11/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Resting upon him represents being with him and helping him. The word "him" refer # the Spirit of wisdom ... the Spirit of instruction ... the Spirit of knowledge ... the fear of Yahweh Here the word "Spirit" refers to an ability or quality that the Spirit of Yahweh would give him. Alternate translation: "and he will cause him to have wisdom and understanding, instruction and might, knowledge and the fear of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/11/03.md b/isa/11/03.md index b2106d24de..eff7616f0a 100644 --- a/isa/11/03.md +++ b/isa/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "what his eyes see" refers to seeing things that are not important fo # nor decide by what his ears hear "and he will not decide by what his ears hear." The phrase "what his ears hear" refers to hearing what people say about someone. Alternate translation: "and he will not judge a person simply by hearing what others say about him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/11/04.md b/isa/11/04.md index dbfc7dbe7e..3017dfe942 100644 --- a/isa/11/04.md +++ b/isa/11/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "earth" here represents the people on earth. Striking them with the rod # with the breath of his lips he will kill the wicked The "breath of his lips" represents him judging them. Alternate translation: "he will judge wicked people, and they will be killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/11/05.md b/isa/11/05.md index 9f14de6ba0..4760d4673d 100644 --- a/isa/11/05.md +++ b/isa/11/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "will be" are understood in this phrase. Alternate translation: "faith # faithfulness the belt around his hips Wearing faithfulness like a belt represents being faithful. Possible meanings are 1) the king's faithfulness will enable him to rule, or 2) the king's faithfulness will show his authority to rule. Alternate translation: "his faithfulness will be a like a belt around his hips" or "he will rule faithfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/11/06.md b/isa/11/06.md index 690c8a0652..9e1614e1a9 100644 --- a/isa/11/06.md +++ b/isa/11/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "will be" is understood. Alternate translation: "the calf, the lion, # a little child will lead them A child will take care of them and lead them to good places to drink water and eat grass or hay. - diff --git a/isa/11/07.md b/isa/11/07.md index fcdcbe77dc..feea33f67d 100644 --- a/isa/11/07.md +++ b/isa/11/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a very large animal with thick hair and sharp claws that kills and eats other an # their young This refers to the animals' offspring shortly after they are born. - diff --git a/isa/11/08.md b/isa/11/08.md index bccf2723eb..d12cbee7bc 100644 --- a/isa/11/08.md +++ b/isa/11/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These phrases refer to poisonous snakes in general. Alternate translation: "snak # the weaned child a child who no longer drinks his mother's milk - diff --git a/isa/11/09.md b/isa/11/09.md index 745cd0c7b8..41e4fc5910 100644 --- a/isa/11/09.md +++ b/isa/11/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "knowledge of Yahweh" represents people who know Yahweh. Alternate tr # as the waters cover the sea This phrase is used to show how full the earth will be of people who know Yahweh. It may be clearer that it does this if its words are similar to the words in the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "as the seas are full of water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/11/10.md b/isa/11/10.md index 185455334e..fcb96d30bd 100644 --- a/isa/11/10.md +++ b/isa/11/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:26](../05/26.md). # The nations "The people of the nations" - diff --git a/isa/11/11.md b/isa/11/11.md index 7272ffa00d..727d2d4dc3 100644 --- a/isa/11/11.md +++ b/isa/11/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The hand is a reference to God's power. Alternate translation: "the Lord will ag # Pathros ... Elam ... Hamath These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/11/12.md b/isa/11/12.md index 32f06b12aa..18cd589888 100644 --- a/isa/11/12.md +++ b/isa/11/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:26](../05/26.md). # from the four corners of the earth The earth is pictured as if it has four corners, and those corners are its most distant places. This refers to everywhere on earth where those people might be. Alternate translation: "from even the most distant places of the earth" or "from all over the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/11/13.md b/isa/11/13.md index c7d819c583..bee5ce7fa9 100644 --- a/isa/11/13.md +++ b/isa/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ephraim here refers to the descendants of the northern kingdom of Israel. The no # Judah will no longer be hostile to Ephraim Judah here refers to the descendants of the southern kingdom. This phrase can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will stop the people of Judah from being hostile" or "he will stop the people of Judah from hating" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/11/14.md b/isa/11/14.md index 7a275a6b1a..5a0965a70b 100644 --- a/isa/11/14.md +++ b/isa/11/14.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ The people of Israel and Judah are pictured as if they were birds that fly down # They will possess Edom and Moab -This means that they will conquer the people of Edoma and Moab and will rule over them. Alternate translation: "They will take the land of Edom and Moab" or "They will rule over Edom and Moab" \ No newline at end of file +This means that they will conquer the people of Edoma and Moab and will rule over them. Alternate translation: "They will take the land of Edom and Moab" or "They will rule over Edom and Moab" diff --git a/isa/11/15.md b/isa/11/15.md index 0fa7fdad38..496fc4ad1c 100644 --- a/isa/11/15.md +++ b/isa/11/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a strong or hot wind that causes some of the water in rivers to dry up. # so it can be crossed over in sandals "so that people can cross over it even while wearing their sandals" - diff --git a/isa/11/16.md b/isa/11/16.md index 3597534d22..5bab82e153 100644 --- a/isa/11/16.md +++ b/isa/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A highway is a large road that many people can travel on. "Yahweh will make a ro # in their coming up from the land of Egypt "when they came up from the land of Egypt" - diff --git a/isa/11/intro.md b/isa/11/intro.md index bdbe53f05e..17d4e5081e 100644 --- a/isa/11/intro.md +++ b/isa/11/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Messiah -#### Messiah The prophecies of this chapter focus on the coming Messiah. Some of these prophecies concern the first coming of Jesus, while some reference a future day of restoration. The author transitions between these time periods without telling his reader. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Ambiguity -#### Ambiguity It is uncertain what period of time these prophecies refer to or who will fulfill them. The translator should allow this uncertainty and ambiguity to remain. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ It is uncertain what period of time these prophecies refer to or who will fulfil * __[Isaiah 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/12/01.md b/isa/12/01.md index 28c7843a3c..046531e5b6 100644 --- a/isa/12/01.md +++ b/isa/12/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be stated clearly what time is being referred to. Alternate translation: # your wrath has turned away God's wrath is spoken of as if it were a person that could turn away and leave. It means that God has stopped being angry. Alternate translation: "You are no longer angry with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/12/02.md b/isa/12/02.md index e0499aafb1..8b2de8689b 100644 --- a/isa/12/02.md +++ b/isa/12/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "song" here represents what a person sings about. Alternate translation # He has become my salvation "He has saved me" - diff --git a/isa/12/03.md b/isa/12/03.md index 479eaa8440..7a37b0387f 100644 --- a/isa/12/03.md +++ b/isa/12/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # With joy you will draw water from the wells of salvation Isaiah speaks of people being saved as if they were getting salvation the way people get water out of well. Alternate translation: "you will rejoice when he saves you, as people rejoice when they draw water from a well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/12/04.md b/isa/12/04.md index 445bcd540e..5e0edf0835 100644 --- a/isa/12/04.md +++ b/isa/12/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The noun "deeds" can be expressed with the phrase "what he has done." Alternate # proclaim that his name is exalted Here "his name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "proclaim that he is exalted" or "proclaim that he is great" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/12/05.md b/isa/12/05.md index b4121737aa..38dfc9ec1e 100644 --- a/isa/12/05.md +++ b/isa/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah continues to tell what the people will say when the king rules. # Praise Yahweh in song "Sing songs of praise to Yahweh" - diff --git a/isa/12/06.md b/isa/12/06.md index 750a0d6a90..5f10c6ce08 100644 --- a/isa/12/06.md +++ b/isa/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for great in your midst is the Holy One of Israel "because the Holy One of Israel, who lives among you, is mighty" or "because the Holy One of Israel is mighty and he lives among you" - diff --git a/isa/12/intro.md b/isa/12/intro.md index d7f3c64e53..6c129b0c9f 100644 --- a/isa/12/intro.md +++ b/isa/12/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "That day" -#### "That day" The time of this day is unclear. It may be a time in the near future for Isaiah, or a time in the distant future for him. In the latter case, it would reference the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Tense -Extra care must be taken in translating the tense of this chapter. The author talks about the future, but frequently changes to speak in the present tense. Some languages will have difficulty speaking in this way. +### Tense + +Extra care must be taken in translating the tense of this chapter. The author talks about the future, but frequently changes to speak in the present tense. Some languages will have difficulty speaking in this way. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/13/01.md b/isa/13/01.md index a200649b33..0d6d756e75 100644 --- a/isa/13/01.md +++ b/isa/13/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name of the city stands for the people of Babylon. Alternate translation: "a # Amoz Amoz was the father of Isaiah. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/02.md b/isa/13/02.md index 66145ed1c3..10fb0b57c3 100644 --- a/isa/13/02.md +++ b/isa/13/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the gates of Babylon where the nobles live" or 2) "the # the nobles "the respected people" or "the rulers" - diff --git a/isa/13/03.md b/isa/13/03.md index f76d331d01..2f5f979748 100644 --- a/isa/13/03.md +++ b/isa/13/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Venting God's anger represents punishing people because of God's anger. Alternat # in my triumph "because I have defeated my enemies" - diff --git a/isa/13/04.md b/isa/13/04.md index 6895ee3776..b0676228f7 100644 --- a/isa/13/04.md +++ b/isa/13/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "there is" are understood. The words "kingdoms" and "nations" here ref # is mustering "is gathering" - diff --git a/isa/13/05.md b/isa/13/05.md index 39ebb37635..fb2add7ccb 100644 --- a/isa/13/05.md +++ b/isa/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his instruments of indignation The soldiers that God is sending to attack Babylon are spoken of as if they were weapons in God's hands. "Indignation" is a metonym for the punishment that God will inflict on Babylon because he is indignant. Alternate translation: "the army that he will use to punish Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/06.md b/isa/13/06.md index b65a1f302a..fad2484526 100644 --- a/isa/13/06.md +++ b/isa/13/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Something that is about to happen soon is spoken of as if it is coming near. Alt # it comes with destruction from the Almighty The word "it" refers to the day of Yahweh. "It comes with destruction" means that destruction will happen on that day. "Destruction from the Almighty" means that the Almighty will destroy them. Alternate translation: "on that day, the Almighty God will destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/07.md b/isa/13/07.md index 2122b617ce..688aa41e61 100644 --- a/isa/13/07.md +++ b/isa/13/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This shows that all the people are very weak and unable to do anything. # every heart melts People being terribly afraid is spoken of as if their hearts melt. Alternate translation: "everyone is terribly afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/08.md b/isa/13/08.md index 31f763c76e..8a447b63cf 100644 --- a/isa/13/08.md +++ b/isa/13/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being in labor represents giving birth to a baby. Alternate translation: "like a # their faces will be aflame Their faces being hot and red is spoken of as if they were burning. Possible reasons for their faces being hot are 1) the people are very afraid or 2) the people feel ashamed or 3) the people cry. Alternate translation: "their faces will be hot and red" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/09.md b/isa/13/09.md index 900d275041..5d8f045c72 100644 --- a/isa/13/09.md +++ b/isa/13/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Anger here is spoken of as if the one who is angry is a container filled with an # to make the land a desolation This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "desolation" is expressed with the verb "ruin." Alternate translation: "to ruin the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/10.md b/isa/13/10.md index 3604acb7c6..ab1bae0e18 100644 --- a/isa/13/10.md +++ b/isa/13/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Giving light represents "shining." Alternate translation: "will not shine" (See: # The sun will be darkened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will darken the sun" or "The sun will be dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/11.md b/isa/13/11.md index 523466e508..7ca7c451a8 100644 --- a/isa/13/11.md +++ b/isa/13/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These phrases refer to people who have these qualities. Alternate translation: " # will abase the arrogance of the ruthless Here the word "arrogance" is a metonym for the people who are arrogant. Alternate translation: "will abase the ruthless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/12.md b/isa/13/12.md index 91190bb5cb..e2e9c111e3 100644 --- a/isa/13/12.md +++ b/isa/13/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # pure gold of Ophir Ophir was the name of a place where there was pure gold. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/13.md b/isa/13/13.md index 47d8d2d3e0..401ba9b383 100644 --- a/isa/13/13.md +++ b/isa/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking. - diff --git a/isa/13/14.md b/isa/13/14.md index 490d4e1403..2f7b627ade 100644 --- a/isa/13/14.md +++ b/isa/13/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ an animal that is similar to a deer. People hunt them, and wild animals sometime # like a sheep with no one to gather them Sheep that have no shepherd have no one to keep them together and protect them from harm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/15.md b/isa/13/15.md index ba6ae93fbc..f838178af1 100644 --- a/isa/13/15.md +++ b/isa/13/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. This can be stated in active fo # swept up captured - diff --git a/isa/13/16.md b/isa/13/16.md index 0f7cccb72b..6568a86b84 100644 --- a/isa/13/16.md +++ b/isa/13/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that everything valuable will be stolen from their houses. This can b # their wives raped This means that the enemies will attack the women and force them to have sex with them. The words "will be" are understood. This can also be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: "their wives will be raped" or "their enemies will rape their wives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/17.md b/isa/13/17.md index 55842580e9..ecaa31727a 100644 --- a/isa/13/17.md +++ b/isa/13/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # I am about to stir up the Medes to attack them Making people want to do something is spoken of as stirring them up. Alternate translation: "I am about to make the Medes want to attack them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/18.md b/isa/13/18.md index 6546c6fbaa..2813d69a52 100644 --- a/isa/13/18.md +++ b/isa/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their bows will strike down Here "their bows" is a metonym for the soldiers who use the bows. Alternate translation: "Their soldiers will use bows and arrows to kill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/19.md b/isa/13/19.md index ae6d189bbc..32e79172b1 100644 --- a/isa/13/19.md +++ b/isa/13/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then God will destroy # the splendor of Chaldean arrogance The abstract nouns "splendor" and "arrogance" can be translated with adjectives. The word "splendor" refers to the beautiful appearance of Babylon. Alternate translation: "the beautiful city that the Chaldeans are so proud of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/20.md b/isa/13/20.md index 3ffdc8d707..7ee0bc8a1b 100644 --- a/isa/13/20.md +++ b/isa/13/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "generation to generation" refers to all generations of people who wi # The Arab This refers to Arab people in general, not one person. Alternate translation: "Arabs" or "Arab people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/21.md b/isa/13/21.md index f10d9713b7..22320f059a 100644 --- a/isa/13/21.md +++ b/isa/13/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Owls are wild birds that hunt at night. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unk # ostriches Ostriches are large wild birds that run fast and cannot fly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/22.md b/isa/13/22.md index e9bdbc539f..48628280e5 100644 --- a/isa/13/22.md +++ b/isa/13/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ wild dogs (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) # Her time is near, and her days will not be delayed These two phrases mean basically the same thing. "Her time" and "her days" both refer to the time that God has chosen for Babylon to be destroyed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The time that all of this will happen to the people of Babylon is near, and nothing will stop it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/13/intro.md b/isa/13/intro.md index ebd3bbc628..27c1d364bb 100644 --- a/isa/13/intro.md +++ b/isa/13/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Isaiah 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Prophecies -It is unclear who is addressed by these prophecies. At times, it appears to be the people of Judah, while at other times it seems to reference the last days. This ambiguity should remain in translation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) +### Prophecies + +It is unclear who is addressed by these prophecies. At times, it appears to be the people of Judah, while at other times it seems to reference the last days. This ambiguity should remain in translation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) ## Links: * __[Isaiah 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/14/01.md b/isa/14/01.md index 262668a2cd..54e22bc358 100644 --- a/isa/14/01.md +++ b/isa/14/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Jacob" refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: "Yahweh # attach themselves to the house of Jacob The house of Jacob refers to the descendants of Jacob, the Israelites. Alternate translation: "unite with the descendants of Jacob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/02.md b/isa/14/02.md index fcef939d09..ce6cb4b827 100644 --- a/isa/14/02.md +++ b/isa/14/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the Israelites, the descendants of Israel. Alternate translation: # They will take captive those who had captured them "The Israelite soldiers will take as captives those who had captured Israelites" - diff --git a/isa/14/03.md b/isa/14/03.md index 3330eb23ed..9a85585b54 100644 --- a/isa/14/03.md +++ b/isa/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from your suffering and anguish The word "your" is singular, but it refers to the people of Israel. Also, "suffering" and "anguish" mean basically the same thing and are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: "from the things that have caused you to suffer greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/04.md b/isa/14/04.md index 39a1b3de89..92c8d72cac 100644 --- a/isa/14/04.md +++ b/isa/14/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "how" and "has" are understood. Alternate translation: "how the proud # the proud fury ended The "proud fury" refers to the king of Babylon being proud and treating other nations cruelly. Alternate translation: "his cruelty has ended" or "he can no longer oppress people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/05.md b/isa/14/05.md index f86614d740..639d30a0e1 100644 --- a/isa/14/05.md +++ b/isa/14/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The staff of the wicked probably refers to a stick that wicked people would hit # the scepter of those rulers A scepter represents a ruler's power to rule. Breaking the scepter represents destroying the ruler's power. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has destroyed the power of the wicked rulers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/06.md b/isa/14/06.md index 66d081b319..7d3d74eadc 100644 --- a/isa/14/06.md +++ b/isa/14/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # with an attack that was unrestrained "attacking them without stopping" - diff --git a/isa/14/07.md b/isa/14/07.md index 48ad141b6b..0913678508 100644 --- a/isa/14/07.md +++ b/isa/14/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is part of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of Baby # The whole earth This refers to everyone on earth. Alternate translation: "everyone on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/08.md b/isa/14/08.md index 7703998664..36caea3996 100644 --- a/isa/14/08.md +++ b/isa/14/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Why they rejoice can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "rejoice that God # Since you are laid low Being laid low represents being made powerless and unimportant. Alternate translation: "Since you have become powerless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/09.md b/isa/14/09.md index 12fa066c10..fae70095ac 100644 --- a/isa/14/09.md +++ b/isa/14/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Sheol is spoken of as if it were a person who is eager to meet his guests. This # It arouses the dead for you, all the leaders of the earth "it wakes up the dead for you, all the leaders of the earth." Sheol is spoken of as if it were a person that could wake up those who are in it. Alternate translation: "All the dead leaders of the earth in Sheol wake up to greet you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/10.md b/isa/14/10.md index 6ce47cab80..d186f322bf 100644 --- a/isa/14/10.md +++ b/isa/14/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is part of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of Baby # They all will speak and say to you The word "they" refers to the dead kings in Sheol, and the word "you" refers to the king of Babylon. - diff --git a/isa/14/11.md b/isa/14/11.md index 1ee0a8e3a9..83c2faf6ca 100644 --- a/isa/14/11.md +++ b/isa/14/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The maggots under his dead body are spoken of as if they were a mat or bed. Alte # worms cover you The worms all over his body are spoken of as if they were covering him like a blanket. Alternate translation: "Worms cover you like a blanket" or "There are worms all over your body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/12.md b/isa/14/12.md index 12e7da1d8c..877b96cb72 100644 --- a/isa/14/12.md +++ b/isa/14/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The daystar is a bright star that rises just before dawn. The people of Israel w # How you are cut down to the ground The people of Israel will speak of the king of Babylon as if he were a tree that was cut down. Alternate translation: "You are defeated like a tree that someone has cut down to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/13.md b/isa/14/13.md index 19e35da259..40a8896877 100644 --- a/isa/14/13.md +++ b/isa/14/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This alludes to the myth that many people in the Ancient Near East knew, that th # in the far reaches of the north "in the most northern places." The mountain in the north was apparently called Zaphon. Some modern English translations say, "far away on the sides of Zaphon." - diff --git a/isa/14/14.md b/isa/14/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/14/14.md +++ b/isa/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/14/15.md b/isa/14/15.md index ed9abc57a3..ec92d0eb0a 100644 --- a/isa/14/15.md +++ b/isa/14/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is part of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of Baby # Yet you are now brought down to Sheol This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But now God has sent you down to Sheol" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/16.md b/isa/14/16.md index 99f3d9decd..5c7c3fb3e8 100644 --- a/isa/14/16.md +++ b/isa/14/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the earth trembled as the king's army marched to conque # shook kingdoms Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor for "conquered kingdoms" or 2) this is metonymy for "terrified the people of kingdoms." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/17.md b/isa/14/17.md index 900a9adc1a..8c4723d2a8 100644 --- a/isa/14/17.md +++ b/isa/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who made the world like a wilderness "who made the places where people lived into a wilderness" - diff --git a/isa/14/18.md b/isa/14/18.md index b7b2aff348..0b1569fdea 100644 --- a/isa/14/18.md +++ b/isa/14/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of B # all of them lie down in honor This means that their bodies were buried in an honorable way. Alternate translation: "all the kings who have died are buried in an honorable way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/19.md b/isa/14/19.md index d0f57a0f45..07a06bd08f 100644 --- a/isa/14/19.md +++ b/isa/14/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This describes "the dead" spoken of at the beginning of this sentence. Being pie # who go down to the stones of the pit The pit refers either to hell, or to a large hole in the ground where many dead bodies are simply dumped. - diff --git a/isa/14/20.md b/isa/14/20.md index df92a5627b..220157b20c 100644 --- a/isa/14/20.md +++ b/isa/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the other kings who died and were buried properly. Joi # The offspring of evildoers will never be mentioned again This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will ever speak again about the descendants of evildoers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/21.md b/isa/14/21.md index 81d7a96752..07e54f2e06 100644 --- a/isa/14/21.md +++ b/isa/14/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This represents taking control of the people on the earth, in this case by conqu # fill the whole world with cities This represents causing the world to have many cities on it. Alternate translation: "build cities all over the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/22.md b/isa/14/22.md index b9b86f8724..71ff7f8714 100644 --- a/isa/14/22.md +++ b/isa/14/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # Yahweh of hosts See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/14/23.md b/isa/14/23.md index 283fb1a6fe..1c64ed2e3c 100644 --- a/isa/14/23.md +++ b/isa/14/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents wild animals living in the city because there are no people ther # into pools of water Causing there to be swamps or ponds of stagnant water where the city was is spoken of as making the city into those things. Alternate translation: "into a place where there are stagnant ponds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/24.md b/isa/14/24.md index 71fdfd7b8a..980af05d9b 100644 --- a/isa/14/24.md +++ b/isa/14/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # as I have intended, so it will come about; and as I have purposed, so it will be These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "the things that I have planned will surely happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/25.md b/isa/14/25.md index 5b4fb01809..44fc757f4c 100644 --- a/isa/14/25.md +++ b/isa/14/25.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "his" refers to Assyria. # from off them ... from off their shoulder The words "them" and "their" refer to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/isa/14/26.md b/isa/14/26.md index a93d54ffc5..4f568accfb 100644 --- a/isa/14/26.md +++ b/isa/14/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idea of "has been devised" can be expressed with an active verb. Alternate t # this is the hand that is raised over all the nations God being ready to punish the nations is spoken of as if he raised his hand in order to hit them. The word "hand" may also represent his power. Alternate translation: "this is Yahweh's power to punish all the nations" or "this is how Yahweh will punish the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/27.md b/isa/14/27.md index 3b8855d329..78e872b225 100644 --- a/isa/14/27.md +++ b/isa/14/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents Yahweh being ready to punish the nations. Alternate translation: # who will turn it back? This question is used to say that no one can turn back God's hand. Turning back his hand represents stopping him from punishing the nations. Alternate translation: "no one can turn it back." or "no one can stop him from punishing them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/28.md b/isa/14/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/14/28.md +++ b/isa/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/14/29.md b/isa/14/29.md index 4ae29ed640..a166aaa7b5 100644 --- a/isa/14/29.md +++ b/isa/14/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a kind of poisonous snake # a fiery flying serpent Here the word "fiery" probably refers to the serpent's poisonous bite, and the word "flying" refers to its quick movements. Alternate translation: "a quickly moving poisonous snake" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/30.md b/isa/14/30.md index 8f7499f351..ee6f086426 100644 --- a/isa/14/30.md +++ b/isa/14/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents the poorest people. Alternate translation: "The poorest people" # I will kill your root with famine that will put to death all your survivors Here "your root" refers to the people of Philistia. Alternate translation: "I will kill your people with famine that will put to death all your survivors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/14/31.md b/isa/14/31.md index dc77d5615b..ca5b1821a9 100644 --- a/isa/14/31.md +++ b/isa/14/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this represents a cloud of dust that the army stirs up # there is no straggler in his ranks "no one in his ranks walks slowly behind the others" - diff --git a/isa/14/32.md b/isa/14/32.md index 87f14cc11e..466e64389e 100644 --- a/isa/14/32.md +++ b/isa/14/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author uses this question to introduce his instruction about how the Israeli # the afflicted of his people "those of his people who have been afflicted" - diff --git a/isa/14/intro.md b/isa/14/intro.md index e4dc4df2ec..df2faeccd0 100644 --- a/isa/14/intro.md +++ b/isa/14/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Isaiah 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 14:4-27, 29-32. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Satan -#### Satan It is believed that this chapter references Satan. It describes Satan as a star fallen from heaven. There are five important statements beginning with the words "I will" which appear to show the essence of Satan's sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Babylon -This is the name of the kingdom that conquered Judah, but it is also the name representing Satan's kingdom in prophecies. They were not yet a world power when these words were spoken. It should be translated as "Babylon," but translators should be aware of its dual meaning. +### Babylon -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +This is the name of the kingdom that conquered Judah, but it is also the name representing Satan's kingdom in prophecies. They were not yet a world power when these words were spoken. It should be translated as "Babylon," but translators should be aware of its dual meaning. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Israel -#### Israel The use of Israel in this chapter is in reference to the nation or people group of Israel. It is this Israel who will be restored and not the kingdom of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ The use of Israel in this chapter is in reference to the nation or people group * __[Isaiah 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/15/01.md b/isa/15/01.md index 87cd049057..60cb751ca6 100644 --- a/isa/15/01.md +++ b/isa/15/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of cities and towns in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # Ar of Moab is laid waste and destroyed The words "laid waste" and "destroyed" mean the same thing and emphasize that the city was completely ruined. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Enemy armies will completely destroy Ar of Moab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/15/02.md b/isa/15/02.md index b654ee7963..36fa26d2ef 100644 --- a/isa/15/02.md +++ b/isa/15/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These place names refer to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "th # All their heads are shaved bare and all their beards are cut off They do this to show their extreme sadness. Alternate translation: "They will all shave their heads and cut off their beards and grieve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/isa/15/03.md b/isa/15/03.md index 4ef26c5c67..3510c7dabe 100644 --- a/isa/15/03.md +++ b/isa/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that # they wear sackcloth They do this to show their extreme sadness. Alternate translation: "they wear sackcloth and mourn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/isa/15/04.md b/isa/15/04.md index c59c151036..d2197e1584 100644 --- a/isa/15/04.md +++ b/isa/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These city names represent the people of these cities. "The people of Heshbon an # they tremble within themselves Physical trembling is a symptom of fear and represents fear. Alternate translation: "they will be completely filled with fear" or "they tremble with fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/15/05.md b/isa/15/05.md index 503448c7e6..94e311d295 100644 --- a/isa/15/05.md +++ b/isa/15/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are names of cities and towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names] # over their destruction This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "destruction" is expressed as the verb "destroyed." Alternate translation: "because their city is destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/15/06.md b/isa/15/06.md index f04ec3b38f..c876f0e336 100644 --- a/isa/15/06.md +++ b/isa/15/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nimrim This is the name of a city or town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/15/07.md b/isa/15/07.md index 1b5f0600e3..2839900fbc 100644 --- a/isa/15/07.md +++ b/isa/15/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # brook of the poplars This may refer to the river at the southern border of Moab. - diff --git a/isa/15/08.md b/isa/15/08.md index ad5357d520..db56685681 100644 --- a/isa/15/08.md +++ b/isa/15/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "has gone" are understood. People's wailing and others hearing it is s # Eglaim ... Beer Elim These are names of cities and towns. Dimon was the principal city of the country of Moab. Several modern versions have "Dibon" instead of "Dimon." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/15/09.md b/isa/15/09.md index f84715c8c6..cfb6aca1ad 100644 --- a/isa/15/09.md +++ b/isa/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city or town. Dimon was the principal city of the country # but I will bring even more upon Dimon Here "I" refers to Yahweh. Also, "Dimon" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "but I will cause even more trouble for the people of Dimon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/15/intro.md b/isa/15/intro.md index 49b9f9ed07..545c6d0bf4 100644 --- a/isa/15/intro.md +++ b/isa/15/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Isaiah 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter shifts from discussing Judah to the nation of Moab. Moab is punishe * __[Isaiah 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/16/01.md b/isa/16/01.md index a205913393..3d18119f60 100644 --- a/isa/16/01.md +++ b/isa/16/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the daughter of Zion The "daughter" of a city means the people of the city. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "the people of Zion" or "the people who live in Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/02.md b/isa/16/02.md index a065dab9f8..1547413ad4 100644 --- a/isa/16/02.md +++ b/isa/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All the people of Moab, which includes the women, are forced to flee from their # As wandering birds, as a scattered nest These two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/03.md b/isa/16/03.md index 9b3fc39c2a..09936f516c 100644 --- a/isa/16/03.md +++ b/isa/16/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that # provide some shade like night in the middle of the day The heat of the middle of the day represents the Moabites' suffering from their enemies, and shade represents protection from their enemies. Comparing the shade to night shows that they want strong protection. Alternate translation: "protect us completely from our enemies as a large shadow protects people from the hot sun" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/04.md b/isa/16/04.md index 489e5acad5..b542b9eab7 100644 --- a/isa/16/04.md +++ b/isa/16/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # be a hiding place for them from the destroyer Providing a hiding place is spoken of as being a hiding place. Alternate translation: "give them a place to hide from those who are trying to destroy them" or "hide them from those who want to destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/05.md b/isa/16/05.md index 67a620bf46..7803c3c024 100644 --- a/isa/16/05.md +++ b/isa/16/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "David's tent" represents David's family, including his descendants. Sittin # as he seeks justice Seeking justice represents wanting to do what is just. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/06.md b/isa/16/06.md index 5115e013eb..7e13c1f88f 100644 --- a/isa/16/06.md +++ b/isa/16/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) Isaiah is speaking and "We" refers to him and the # But his boastings are empty words "But what they say about themselves means nothing" or "But what they boast about is not true" - diff --git a/isa/16/07.md b/isa/16/07.md index ae29226c27..9b64ce5054 100644 --- a/isa/16/07.md +++ b/isa/16/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Hebrew word used here means either "raisin cakes" or "men." # Kir Hareseth "Kir Hareseth" is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/08.md b/isa/16/08.md index 5edef26689..08397e24ae 100644 --- a/isa/16/08.md +++ b/isa/16/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # The rulers of the nations have trampled the choice vines The land of Moab was known for its vineyards. Here God describes the land of Moab as one large vineyard. This emphasizes that the rulers, which refers to the armies, completely destroyed everything in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/09.md b/isa/16/09.md index ec9b6b0016..0d7fca6708 100644 --- a/isa/16/09.md +++ b/isa/16/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Translate the names of these cities as you did in [Isaiah 15:4](../15/04.md). # For on your fields of summer fruits and harvest I have ended the shouts of joy The "shouts of joy" represent people shouting for joy about the harvest of their fruit trees. Alternate translation: "Because of what I will do, you will no longer shout for joy when you harvest your fields of summer fruit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/10.md b/isa/16/10.md index 8ea3dfbec9..b45f63dcf2 100644 --- a/isa/16/10.md +++ b/isa/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have put an end to the shouts of the one who treads Here "the shouts" refers to the joy of the people who tread the grapes to produce the wine. Alternate translation: "therefore the people who tread the grapes do not shout with joy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/11.md b/isa/16/11.md index 37eb85a73e..71f303f419 100644 --- a/isa/16/11.md +++ b/isa/16/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "my inward being" represents Yahweh. The word "sighs" is understood f # Kir Hareseth This is a metonym for the people of the city. Alternate translation: "the people of Kir Hareseth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/12.md b/isa/16/12.md index 88df002d1e..36732d4a19 100644 --- a/isa/16/12.md +++ b/isa/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of these words refer to the people of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # his prayers will accomplish nothing "his prayers will not be answered" - diff --git a/isa/16/13.md b/isa/16/13.md index b13e1f9861..305f7fde7c 100644 --- a/isa/16/13.md +++ b/isa/16/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # concerning Moab The word "Moab" refers to the people of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/14.md b/isa/16/14.md index 48a6bd0dc0..ea60c84e7a 100644 --- a/isa/16/14.md +++ b/isa/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the glory of Moab will be dishonored This can be translated using an active verb. Alternate translation: "I will destroy everything for which Moab is honored" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/16/intro.md b/isa/16/intro.md index b9e7c0d543..1b9a9a9cc1 100644 --- a/isa/16/intro.md +++ b/isa/16/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Isaiah 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter and is a prophecy against the nation of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to s * __[Isaiah 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/17/01.md b/isa/17/01.md index 5e0cd2e8ce..8de17ba498 100644 --- a/isa/17/01.md +++ b/isa/17/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about Damascus Damascus is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 7:8](../07/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/02.md b/isa/17/02.md index e87e396a47..678b8e304f 100644 --- a/isa/17/02.md +++ b/isa/17/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. "All the people will abandon the cities of Ar # no one will frighten them The word "them" refers to the sheep. - diff --git a/isa/17/03.md b/isa/17/03.md index 9acfd5883c..c94a66ce41 100644 --- a/isa/17/03.md +++ b/isa/17/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "will disappear" are understood from the previous phrase. Damascus was # this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Translate as in [Isaiah 14:22](../14/22.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/04.md b/isa/17/04.md index c7d01b0541..fb912ef546 100644 --- a/isa/17/04.md +++ b/isa/17/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event that will happen. If your la # the glory of Jacob will become thin, and the fatness of his flesh will become lean Here "Jacob" refers to the kingdom of Israel. Israel would no longer be glorious. Rather it would be weak and poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/05.md b/isa/17/05.md index f044e8f3c5..993295431a 100644 --- a/isa/17/05.md +++ b/isa/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ There will be nothing left in the land after God punishes the people of Israel. # the Valley of Rephaim This is a valley where people normally grew and harvested much food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/06.md b/isa/17/06.md index 6e3dec661f..e720ad0a71 100644 --- a/isa/17/06.md +++ b/isa/17/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "olives" is understood from the phrase before this. Alternate translati # this is the declaration of Yahweh, the God of Israel Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh, the God of Israel, has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, the God of Israel, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/07.md b/isa/17/07.md index b3f921913c..91e26a87d1 100644 --- a/isa/17/07.md +++ b/isa/17/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "eyes" represents the people who look. Alternate translation: "they will lo # Holy One of Israel See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/isa/17/08.md b/isa/17/08.md index 8a6f1594b1..f6f5e85a65 100644 --- a/isa/17/08.md +++ b/isa/17/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the people are represented by their "hands" to emphasize that they made the # what their fingers have made ... the Asherah poles or the sun images The second phrase identifies the things that the people made. Speaking of the fingers here emphasizes that the people made them, so these things are not real gods. Alternate translation: "the Asherah poles or the sun images, which they themselves made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/09.md b/isa/17/09.md index 0fcb9953d3..fc3d567fec 100644 --- a/isa/17/09.md +++ b/isa/17/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # which were abandoned because of the people of Israel It can be made explicit who left these lands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which the Hivites and Amorites left after the people of Israel came" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/10.md b/isa/17/10.md index 1e1629e828..d974c02572 100644 --- a/isa/17/10.md +++ b/isa/17/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" refers to the people of Israel. The word "forgotten" does not mean th # have ignored the rock of your refuge This compares God to a large rock which people could climb on to get away from their enemies or hide behind. Alternate translation: "have ignored God, who is like a rock that protects you" or "have ignored the one who protects you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/11.md b/isa/17/11.md index 0a6175e305..bbfb09fc75 100644 --- a/isa/17/11.md +++ b/isa/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the harvest will fail "there will not be much fruit for you to harvest" - diff --git a/isa/17/12.md b/isa/17/12.md index d9e1b0537f..8f72e5856a 100644 --- a/isa/17/12.md +++ b/isa/17/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The enemy armies appear to be a powerful force that no one can stop. Alternate t # the rushing of nations The word "nations" refers to the armies of those nations. Alternate translation: "the rushing of the enemy armies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/13.md b/isa/17/13.md index e3f69ac033..2461689785 100644 --- a/isa/17/13.md +++ b/isa/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before the wind like chaff on the mountains ... like weeds whirling before a storm These two phrases mean the same thing. The enemy armies seem powerful but God will easily stop them and send them away. Alternate translation: "like chaff on the mountains that the wind blows away ... like weeds that whirl and blow away as a storm approaches" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/17/14.md b/isa/17/14.md index 4b3021bab9..aed2611fe6 100644 --- a/isa/17/14.md +++ b/isa/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What happens to them is spoken of as if it is a portion that they inherit. Alter # loot us ... rob us The word "us" refers to Isaiah and the people of Judah. - diff --git a/isa/17/intro.md b/isa/17/intro.md index 5306326c99..ac2c7561d4 100644 --- a/isa/17/intro.md +++ b/isa/17/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,25 @@ # Isaiah 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. The ULB sets the lines in 17:1-6, 9-14 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are part of a long quotation. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Damascus -#### Damascus This chapter prophesies destruction against the people of Damascus. Damascus was the capital of Aram. The people of Damascus worship gods other than Yahweh and have fought Yahweh's people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Ephraim -This chapter prophesied destruction against the kingdom of Israel. They are also called Ephraim in this chapter. Both the northern kingdom of Israel and Aram were conquered at about the same time in history. +### Ephraim + +This chapter prophesied destruction against the kingdom of Israel. They are also called Ephraim in this chapter. Both the northern kingdom of Israel and Aram were conquered at about the same time in history. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/18/01.md b/isa/18/01.md index 3225eebd5b..0fc8485f52 100644 --- a/isa/18/01.md +++ b/isa/18/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Woe to the land of the rustling of wings, which is along the rivers of Cush Possible meanings of "the rustling of wings" are 1) the boats that have sails are spoken of as having wings. Alternate translation: "Woe to those who live in the land beyond the rivers of Cush, whose many ships look like insects on the water" or 2) the rustling of wings refers to the noise of insects that have wings, perhaps locusts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/18/02.md b/isa/18/02.md index 7d37e49640..d597e28948 100644 --- a/isa/18/02.md +++ b/isa/18/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Treading down represents conquering other nations. Alternate translation: "a nat # the rivers divide This probably refers to many rivers that flow through the nation so they divide it into different parts. - diff --git a/isa/18/03.md b/isa/18/03.md index eac28c5384..e0e6bb00de 100644 --- a/isa/18/03.md +++ b/isa/18/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:26](../05/26.md). # when the ram's horn is blown, listen The trumpets were used to call people to battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "pay attention when you hear the sound of the battle trumpets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/18/04.md b/isa/18/04.md index b7e0cc56b1..c864bb4a9f 100644 --- a/isa/18/04.md +++ b/isa/18/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ What God will observe can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "I will quie # like the simmering heat in sunlight, like a cloud of mist in the heat of harvest These phrases show how quietly God will watch the nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/18/05.md b/isa/18/05.md index eed25df92d..cd8e27e46b 100644 --- a/isa/18/05.md +++ b/isa/18/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A pruning hook is a knife that people use to cut branches off of vines or other # he will cut down and take away the spreading branches Yahweh will throw away the branches in judgment. - diff --git a/isa/18/06.md b/isa/18/06.md index eed71755b8..b710ee1a78 100644 --- a/isa/18/06.md +++ b/isa/18/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God seems to change from telling the parable to speaking more directly about the # will spend harvest time on them "will eat them in the winter" - diff --git a/isa/18/07.md b/isa/18/07.md index 4ce159b4fc..02eea04dbe 100644 --- a/isa/18/07.md +++ b/isa/18/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Trampling down represents conquering other nations. Alternate translation: "a na # to the place of the name of Yahweh of hosts, to Mount Zion The word "name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "to Mount Zion, where Yahweh of hosts dwells" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/18/intro.md b/isa/18/intro.md index 9d7cd2528c..fd0271cd68 100644 --- a/isa/18/intro.md +++ b/isa/18/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Cush -#### Cush This chapter records prophecies against the nation of Cush. They are being punished by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors This chapter uses many metaphors to describe the destruction coming to the people of Cush. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ This chapter uses many metaphors to describe the destruction coming to the peopl * __[Isaiah 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/19/01.md b/isa/19/01.md index e292daca3f..9cfde3b099 100644 --- a/isa/19/01.md +++ b/isa/19/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The idols are described as having feelings of fear as Yahweh approaches. Alterna # the hearts of the Egyptians melt within themselves The heart melting represents losing their courage. Alternate translation: "the Egyptians have no more courage" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/02.md b/isa/19/02.md index d5719e18e7..43c63fcf82 100644 --- a/isa/19/02.md +++ b/isa/19/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "will be" or "will fight" are understood from the previous phrases. Al # kingdom against kingdom The word "kingdom" refers to a smaller kingdom within Egypt. It may also be called a province. It represents the people of that kingdom or province. Alternate translation: "the people of one province will be against the people of another province" or "people from different provinces will fight against one another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/03.md b/isa/19/03.md index b4a1b313e6..8ed01a66f6 100644 --- a/isa/19/03.md +++ b/isa/19/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will cause the advice that he gives to be ineffe # sorcerers ... spiritists These are people who claim to speak with those who have died. - diff --git a/isa/19/04.md b/isa/19/04.md index 729fda92ca..0aeb53b229 100644 --- a/isa/19/04.md +++ b/isa/19/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate translation: "I will give the # this is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Translate as in [Isaiah 3:15](../03/15.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh of hosts has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/05.md b/isa/19/05.md index 0b717e206f..6c9a6818dc 100644 --- a/isa/19/05.md +++ b/isa/19/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The waters of the sea will dry up, and the river will dry up and become empty Egyptians referred to the Nile River as "the sea." These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "The Nile River will completely dry up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/06.md b/isa/19/06.md index 998b0e0505..7a61553bf3 100644 --- a/isa/19/06.md +++ b/isa/19/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the reeds and flags will wither away "Reeds" and "flags" refer to two similar kinds of water plants. Alternate translation: "the plants along the river will die and decay" - diff --git a/isa/19/07.md b/isa/19/07.md index 5d8abc2d67..e114561a79 100644 --- a/isa/19/07.md +++ b/isa/19/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # every sown field beside the Nile "the fields near the Nile where people have planted crops" - diff --git a/isa/19/08.md b/isa/19/08.md index e586c7f497..b17301a2aa 100644 --- a/isa/19/08.md +++ b/isa/19/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In order to catch fish, some people toss a net on the water. When fish get caugh # will waste away "will grieve." This weakness probably comes from grief. - diff --git a/isa/19/09.md b/isa/19/09.md index 20a200c8af..51bdc5d144 100644 --- a/isa/19/09.md +++ b/isa/19/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Flax is a plant that grows along the Nile River. People comb its fibers in order # will turn pale "will be ashamed" - diff --git a/isa/19/10.md b/isa/19/10.md index 3f3ebc12af..c5a10273af 100644 --- a/isa/19/10.md +++ b/isa/19/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Being crushed represents being discouraged. Alternate translation: "will be disc # will be grieved within themselves "will feel very sad" - diff --git a/isa/19/11.md b/isa/19/11.md index f8efa3815d..f195bb3352 100644 --- a/isa/19/11.md +++ b/isa/19/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a city in northern Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # How can you say to Pharaoh ... kings? Isaiah uses a question to mock those in Egypt who claim to be wise. Alternate translation: "You foolishly say to Pharaoh ... kings." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/12.md b/isa/19/12.md index 4bf338c2e5..0be683c87b 100644 --- a/isa/19/12.md +++ b/isa/19/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah uses a question to mock the wise men. The word "your" refers to Pharaoh. # Let them tell you and make known what Yahweh of hosts plans concerning Egypt Isaiah is implying that wise men should be able to understand God's plans, but Isaiah does not really believe they are wise. Alternate translation: "If they were really wise, they would be able to tell you what Yahweh of hosts plans concerning Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/13.md b/isa/19/13.md index a559964134..fbdaf7c19a 100644 --- a/isa/19/13.md +++ b/isa/19/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a city in the northern part of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transla # made Egypt go astray The word "Egypt" represents the people of Egypt. Going astray represents doing what is wrong. Alternate translation: "made the people of Egypt go astray" or "made the people of Egypt do what is wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/14.md b/isa/19/14.md index ed0f10b37d..ccd95b3133 100644 --- a/isa/19/14.md +++ b/isa/19/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Leading people astray represents influencing them to do what is wrong. (See: [[r # like a drunk staggering in his vomit Isaiah speaks of the people of Egypt doing what is wrong as if they were made to wander about like a drunken person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/15.md b/isa/19/15.md index 0a7d7305e0..fe6a40613e 100644 --- a/isa/19/15.md +++ b/isa/19/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "head," the part of an animal a person would want to be, represents the lead # palm branch or reed The "palm branch" grows high on the tree and represents people who are wealthy and important. The "reed" grows in shallow water and represents people who are poor and unimportant. See how you translated similar phrases in [Isaiah 9:14](../09/14.md). Alternate translation: "whether they are important or unimportant" or "whether rich or poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/16.md b/isa/19/16.md index 260f2bbbf5..69a6a28272 100644 --- a/isa/19/16.md +++ b/isa/19/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This emphasizes that the people of Egypt will be afraid and helpless when God pu # because of the upraised hand of Yahweh of hosts that he raises over them Here "hand" refers to God's power, and raising the hand against them represents punishing them. Alternate translation: "because Yahweh of hosts has raised his powerful hand to punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/17.md b/isa/19/17.md index 1662866fe8..c2489c674f 100644 --- a/isa/19/17.md +++ b/isa/19/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "land of Judah" and "Egypt" refer to the people in those places. The Egyptia # Whenever anyone reminds them of her, they will be afraid Here, "them" and "they" refer to the Egyptians and "her" refers to the people of Judah. Alternate translation: "Whenever anyone reminds the Egyptians of the people of Judah, the Egyptians will be afraid" - diff --git a/isa/19/18.md b/isa/19/18.md index 4934d6d7f6..1e2c285c61 100644 --- a/isa/19/18.md +++ b/isa/19/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. "People will call one of these cities" (See: # called The City of the Sun It is not clear whether the Hebrew word translated "Sun" here means "sun" or "destruction." Is is also not clear what the name tells us about the city. Alternate translation: "the city called Sun City" or "the city called Destruction City" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/19.md b/isa/19/19.md index 4972dc2fc7..5c204ec608 100644 --- a/isa/19/19.md +++ b/isa/19/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a stone pillar at the border to Yahweh The phrase "the border" refers to the border of Egypt. Alternate translation: "a stone pillar to Yahweh at the border of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/20.md b/isa/19/20.md index f007c7a71d..a5ae92d692 100644 --- a/isa/19/20.md +++ b/isa/19/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh being in the land of Egypt represents the people of Egypt worshiping him. # he will deliver them Who Yahweh will deliver them from can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will deliver the Egyptians from their oppressors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/21.md b/isa/19/21.md index 00473c8dc0..72208ba936 100644 --- a/isa/19/21.md +++ b/isa/19/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The object of their worship can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "They w # will make vows to Yahweh and fulfill them "will make promises to Yahweh and keep them" or "they will make promises to Yahweh and they will do what they have promised to do" - diff --git a/isa/19/22.md b/isa/19/22.md index dd75158113..59bf4a9994 100644 --- a/isa/19/22.md +++ b/isa/19/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "them" is understood in this phrase. Alternate translation: "afflicting # afflicting and healing How this phrase relates to the phrase before it can be made clear with the words "after" and "also." Alternate translation: "and after he afflicts them, he will also heal them" - diff --git a/isa/19/23.md b/isa/19/23.md index 2b58cd96c7..246d44b1d4 100644 --- a/isa/19/23.md +++ b/isa/19/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to a person from Egypt, but represents anyone from Egypt who comes t # the Egyptians will worship with the Assyrians The object of their worship can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the Egyptians and Assyrians will worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/24.md b/isa/19/24.md index 1a8180ae50..9cadcfeb5c 100644 --- a/isa/19/24.md +++ b/isa/19/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The names of the three nations represent the people of those nations. Alternate # be the third with Possible meanings are 1) "join together with" or 2) "be the third blessing with" or 3) "be equal to." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/25.md b/isa/19/25.md index c9cb6d67c4..f9331dd93f 100644 --- a/isa/19/25.md +++ b/isa/19/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The names of the three nations refer to the people of those nations. This can be # the work of my hands Here "hands" refers to God's power and action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/19/intro.md b/isa/19/intro.md index 9be24fdbc0..3f801d072e 100644 --- a/isa/19/intro.md +++ b/isa/19/intro.md @@ -1,29 +1,29 @@ # Isaiah 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 19:1-18. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Egypt +### Egypt This chapter prophesied destruction against the nation of Egypt. Their destruction will come from internal division instead of being conquered by another nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Imagery +### Imagery Some of the imagery used in this chapter may be connected to the worship of specific false gods. One important god the people of Canaan worshiped was Baal, the god of rain or storms. One of the important gods the Egyptians worshiped was Ra, the god of the sun. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "In that day" -This changes the reference from the time when Assyria comes to dominate the world and looks to a more distant future day. +### "In that day" + +This changes the reference from the time when Assyria comes to dominate the world and looks to a more distant future day. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/20/01.md b/isa/20/01.md index 29bab03b1d..5b7f9d2565 100644 --- a/isa/20/01.md +++ b/isa/20/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the name of the king of Assyria # he fought against Ashdod and took it Ashdod refers to the army of Ashdod. Alternate translation: "he fought against the army of Ashdod and defeated it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/20/02.md b/isa/20/02.md index b82db3d56e..179b6db777 100644 --- a/isa/20/02.md +++ b/isa/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # walking naked and barefoot "walking around without clothes and without sandals." Here the word "naked" probably refers to wearing only his undergarments. - diff --git a/isa/20/03.md b/isa/20/03.md index d7c365e960..57a5d301b1 100644 --- a/isa/20/03.md +++ b/isa/20/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a wonder "a warning" - diff --git a/isa/20/04.md b/isa/20/04.md index 2af7751617..fbb3f84587 100644 --- a/isa/20/04.md +++ b/isa/20/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that they will first attack and capture people. Alterna # to the shame of Egypt Egypt refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: "which will bring shame on the people of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/20/05.md b/isa/20/05.md index 8d1a493bb9..f3658e2da7 100644 --- a/isa/20/05.md +++ b/isa/20/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because of Cush their hope and of Egypt their glory Hope and glory refer to their trust in the military power of these countries. Alternate translation: "because they had trusted in the power of the armies of Cush and Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/20/06.md b/isa/20/06.md index f4042e8f8d..61811cd54a 100644 --- a/isa/20/06.md +++ b/isa/20/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "where we fled to so t # now, how can we escape? The author uses this question to emphasize how hopeless their situation was. Alternate translation: "now there is no way for us to escape!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/20/intro.md b/isa/20/intro.md index 83ef65f8ce..71a3d447cf 100644 --- a/isa/20/intro.md +++ b/isa/20/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Isaiah 20 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Naked and barefoot -#### Naked and barefoot This is an image used in this chapter to describe Assyria's victory over Egypt and Ethiopia. While they will be defeated, they will not be totally destroyed. Instead, they will be left with nothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ This is an image used in this chapter to describe Assyria's victory over Egypt a * __[Isaiah 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/21/01.md b/isa/21/01.md index 8ea7c91645..69993d6b18 100644 --- a/isa/21/01.md +++ b/isa/21/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "wilderness" refers to the wilderness of Judea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # from a terrible land The army is from a people that cause great fear. - diff --git a/isa/21/02.md b/isa/21/02.md index c2fac5aa4c..0d5f895255 100644 --- a/isa/21/02.md +++ b/isa/21/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "Elam" and "Media" represent the soldiers from these places. (See: [[rc://e # I will stop all her groaning Here "her" represents all the people who are suffering because of the Babylonians. Yahweh will cause them to stop groaning when he sends the armies of Elam and Media to destroy the Babylonians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/21/03.md b/isa/21/03.md index 6222e1496e..2ecd4f49ac 100644 --- a/isa/21/03.md +++ b/isa/21/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "What I heard has caus # I am disturbed by what I saw This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what I saw has greatly troubled me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/21/04.md b/isa/21/04.md index 9358629060..b6c3298f4b 100644 --- a/isa/21/04.md +++ b/isa/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My heart pounds; I shake with fear "My heart beats fast and I am shaking" - diff --git a/isa/21/05.md b/isa/21/05.md index 01c1ec7513..8025a615a7 100644 --- a/isa/21/05.md +++ b/isa/21/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "princes" refers in general to men with authority and not necessarily to so # anoint your shields with oil Soldiers would put oil on their leather shields so they would stay soft and not crack during battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/21/06.md b/isa/21/06.md index 9336e47c64..8b7a271046 100644 --- a/isa/21/06.md +++ b/isa/21/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # post a watchman "tell a watchman to stand on the wall of Jerusalem" - diff --git a/isa/21/07.md b/isa/21/07.md index abd1af21f3..cb34f59d92 100644 --- a/isa/21/07.md +++ b/isa/21/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a chariot, a pair of horsemen "a soldier riding in a chariot, a pair of horses pulling it" - diff --git a/isa/21/08.md b/isa/21/08.md index f247fcf8ea..b4bbe1ce46 100644 --- a/isa/21/08.md +++ b/isa/21/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lord, on the watchtower I stand Here "Lord" refers to the person with authority that commanded the watchman to stand on the wall of Jerusalem. - diff --git a/isa/21/09.md b/isa/21/09.md index 45c0559a2b..24b2cb4eb5 100644 --- a/isa/21/09.md +++ b/isa/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Babylon being completely defeated by their enemies is spoken of as if Babylon ha # fallen, fallen The word "fallen" is repeated to emphasize that the people of Babylon were completely defeated by their enemies. - diff --git a/isa/21/10.md b/isa/21/10.md index d949b69058..0006990f3e 100644 --- a/isa/21/10.md +++ b/isa/21/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "my" refers to Isaiah. # Yahweh of hosts See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/21/11.md b/isa/21/11.md index 83ad807f57..e28d517fa3 100644 --- a/isa/21/11.md +++ b/isa/21/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of mountains west of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate # Watchman, what is left of the night? Watchman, what is left of the night? This is repeated to emphasize that the person asking the question is worried and nervous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/21/12.md b/isa/21/12.md index 970b454472..44d900de83 100644 --- a/isa/21/12.md +++ b/isa/21/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If you want to ask, then ask; and come back again "Ask me now what you want to know, but also come back later and ask again" - diff --git a/isa/21/13.md b/isa/21/13.md index b2e440a62e..c457d8c4fb 100644 --- a/isa/21/13.md +++ b/isa/21/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a group of people traveling together # Dedanites This is a people group that lived in Arabia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/21/14.md b/isa/21/14.md index 992dc368f3..671642a13b 100644 --- a/isa/21/14.md +++ b/isa/21/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A fugitive is a person who runs away so that his enemy will not capture him. See # with bread Here "bread" represents food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/21/15.md b/isa/21/15.md index 449aaa9fab..2d49426fa6 100644 --- a/isa/21/15.md +++ b/isa/21/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sword" and "bow" represents the soldiers who attack the inhabitants of Tem # from the weight of war The terror and suffering that is experienced during war is spoken of as if war were a heavy weight on people. Alternate translation: "from the horrors of war" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/21/16.md b/isa/21/16.md index 3a968d0b66..8c00d1ab5b 100644 --- a/isa/21/16.md +++ b/isa/21/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # of Kedar This is a region in Arabia. Kedar represents the population of Kedar. Alternate translation: "of the people of Kedar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/21/17.md b/isa/21/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/21/17.md +++ b/isa/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/21/intro.md b/isa/21/intro.md index 40d3ef865e..bef526d0cb 100644 --- a/isa/21/intro.md +++ b/isa/21/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Isaiah 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 21:1-10, 13-17. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Cush -#### Cush Dumah and Seir are places in Edom. Part of this chapter is a prophecy against Cush. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### The desert by the sea -#### The desert by the sea This is a metaphor for an unknown nation. Scholars are divided over the proper identity of this nation, but it is probably Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Mystery +### Mystery + The fulfillment of this chapter is very mysterious. It is unknown who is truly being addressed and how this is to be fulfilled in history. The translator should not attempt to give the reader insight into this prophecy's fulfillment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ The fulfillment of this chapter is very mysterious. It is unknown who is truly b * __[Isaiah 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/22/01.md b/isa/22/01.md index 636e1b0d73..df4dbddf79 100644 --- a/isa/22/01.md +++ b/isa/22/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Valley" refers to those who live in the valley, that is, Jerusalem. Altern # What is the reason that you have all gone up to the housetops? Isaiah uses a question to scold the people of Judah. Alternate translation: "You should not go and stand on the tops of your houses." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/02.md b/isa/22/02.md index ca9aadc958..4ae2e028af 100644 --- a/isa/22/02.md +++ b/isa/22/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Enemy soldiers did no # with the sword Here "sword" represents the soldiers who fight in battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/03.md b/isa/22/03.md index 43f1d181e3..3d76242d34 100644 --- a/isa/22/03.md +++ b/isa/22/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but the enemy capture # all of them were captured together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the enemy captured all of them together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/04.md b/isa/22/04.md index ed4683c956..3c542e36ec 100644 --- a/isa/22/04.md +++ b/isa/22/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Isaiah. # of the daughter of my people Here "daughter" represents the people and may imply Isaiah's feeling of love for them. Alternate translation: "of my people whom I love" or "of my people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/05.md b/isa/22/05.md index 429ac3e7de..c103ddbfec 100644 --- a/isa/22/05.md +++ b/isa/22/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to Jerusalem. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 22:1](../22/01. # people crying out to the mountains Possible meanings are 1) "people in the mountains will hear their cries" or 2) "the people's cries will echo off the mountains" - diff --git a/isa/22/06.md b/isa/22/06.md index cd2a632e84..29f58e5b01 100644 --- a/isa/22/06.md +++ b/isa/22/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Kir" represents the soldiers. Alternate translation: "the soldiers of Kir # Kir Kir is a city in Media. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/07.md b/isa/22/07.md index 8ec12af164..d82521860d 100644 --- a/isa/22/07.md +++ b/isa/22/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your choicest valleys Here "your" refers to the people of Jerusalem. Isaiah does include himself as one of the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "our best valleys" - diff --git a/isa/22/08.md b/isa/22/08.md index e3cf955fac..684bb931f0 100644 --- a/isa/22/08.md +++ b/isa/22/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the phrase "to look to" means to trust in something. Alternate translation: # Palace of the Forest This was a part of the temple in Jerusalem where they stored their weapons. - diff --git a/isa/22/09.md b/isa/22/09.md index 4f09409578..a6e3d18cc3 100644 --- a/isa/22/09.md +++ b/isa/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you collected the water of the lower pool The people will store water so that they will have enough to drink while their enemies surround the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/10.md b/isa/22/10.md index af107465be..47e9c775ae 100644 --- a/isa/22/10.md +++ b/isa/22/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah continues to describe a time in the future when an army will attack the p # You counted the houses Here "counted" means they inspected the houses to find material to help them rebuild the city wall. - diff --git a/isa/22/11.md b/isa/22/11.md index 6e8abf0906..c715a798c8 100644 --- a/isa/22/11.md +++ b/isa/22/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is unclear what two walls Isaiah meant. The main point is that they built the # the city's maker These words could refer to 1) the original human builder of the city or 2) Yahweh. - diff --git a/isa/22/12.md b/isa/22/12.md index 9a0199a36b..8e890d4ef5 100644 --- a/isa/22/12.md +++ b/isa/22/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # for shaved heads This was a sign of mourning and repenting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/13.md b/isa/22/13.md index 156c081bd6..4dc50c221a 100644 --- a/isa/22/13.md +++ b/isa/22/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we will die Here "eat and drink" represents having a party and eating a lot of food and drinking a lot of wine. It can be stated clearly that this is what the people were saying. Alternate translation: "You say, 'Let us feast and drink all we want, for we will die soon.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/14.md b/isa/22/14.md index 19c3616b0b..6be2931fd6 100644 --- a/isa/22/14.md +++ b/isa/22/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Surely I will not for # even when you die Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will never forgive them, even after they die or 2) Yahweh will not forgive them until they die. - diff --git a/isa/22/15.md b/isa/22/15.md index 5771e18b39..e45c191faf 100644 --- a/isa/22/15.md +++ b/isa/22/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of the manager of the king's palace in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc:// # who is over the house Here "house" represents those in the king's palace. Alternate translation: "who is in charge of all those who work in the palace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/16.md b/isa/22/16.md index b773c5e2f8..36f5c41f21 100644 --- a/isa/22/16.md +++ b/isa/22/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These three phrases all refer to making a burial tomb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # on the heights The most important people in Israel had tombs in the highest places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/17.md b/isa/22/17.md index 1f2f6db9d9..7b51390948 100644 --- a/isa/22/17.md +++ b/isa/22/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Isaiah continues to speak God's message to Shebna. - diff --git a/isa/22/18.md b/isa/22/18.md index 599fad1ffa..03c50828f5 100644 --- a/isa/22/18.md +++ b/isa/22/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The enemy soldiers coming and taking Shebna as a captive to a foreign land is sp # you will be the shame of your master's house Here "house" represents the people who work in the king's palace. Alternate translation: "you will cause shame for all those in your master's palace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/19.md b/isa/22/19.md index 0bed1f83da..e3edc0dba2 100644 --- a/isa/22/19.md +++ b/isa/22/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh causing Shebna to no longer work in the king's palace is spoken of as if # You will be pulled down This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will bring you down from your honored position" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/20.md b/isa/22/20.md index 4f4ae2f126..cc302e97ea 100644 --- a/isa/22/20.md +++ b/isa/22/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah continues to speak God's message to Shebna. # Eliakim ... Hilkiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/21.md b/isa/22/21.md index 060dde940a..9b04032cf7 100644 --- a/isa/22/21.md +++ b/isa/22/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Eliakim caring for and protecting the people of Judah is spoken of as if he woul # to the house of Judah Here "house" represents the people. Alternate translation: "to the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/22.md b/isa/22/22.md index 5429fcab41..af545ebd3c 100644 --- a/isa/22/22.md +++ b/isa/22/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will place the key of the house of David on his shoulder ... none will open Here "key" represents authority. This speaks of Eliakim having authority that no one can oppose as if he had the key to the palace and no one else could lock or unlock the door. Alternate translation: "I will put him in charge of those who work in the king's palace, and when he makes a decision no one will be able to oppose him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/23.md b/isa/22/23.md index 6afeca7fdc..195477369c 100644 --- a/isa/22/23.md +++ b/isa/22/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "seat of glory" represents a place of honor. Alternate translation: "Eliaki # his father's house Here "house" represents family. Alternate translation: "his father's family" or "his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/24.md b/isa/22/24.md index 92c97f71d7..14b635ec2c 100644 --- a/isa/22/24.md +++ b/isa/22/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues to speak of Eliakim as a peg. His offspring will be like cups tha # the cups to all the jugs A cup is a small container that holds water. A jug is a larger container that holds water. - diff --git a/isa/22/25.md b/isa/22/25.md index 7215c34dce..ca7b65da0f 100644 --- a/isa/22/25.md +++ b/isa/22/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh causing Shebna to lose his authority in the king's palace is spoken of as # the load that was on it will be cut off Here "load" represents Shebna's power and authority. It is spoken of as if it were an object hanging on the peg that represents Shebna. Yahweh causing Shebna to lose his power and authority is spoken of as if someone were to cut off the object that was hanging on the peg. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/22/intro.md b/isa/22/intro.md index cbfc898204..4a12ec9194 100644 --- a/isa/22/intro.md +++ b/isa/22/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Repentance -#### Repentance On this day of judgment, Judah should be repenting of their sin. Instead, they are celebrating it. Although Judah avoids Yahweh's punishment through the Assyrians, their punishment will still come. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Valley of Visions" -#### "Valley of Visions" This is a metaphor used in this prophecy against the nation of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ This is a metaphor used in this prophecy against the nation of Judah. (See: [[rc * __[Isaiah 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/23/01.md b/isa/23/01.md index 058474857f..7839ad921d 100644 --- a/isa/23/01.md +++ b/isa/23/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ an area of the sea that is near land and safe for ships # from the land of Cyprus it has been revealed to them This phrase can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the men heard about Tyre when they were in the land of Cyprus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/02.md b/isa/23/02.md index f8ccf58561..ac05468272 100644 --- a/isa/23/02.md +++ b/isa/23/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The "coast" is the land near or around the sea or ocean. Here it refers to the p # the merchant of Sidon, who travels over the sea, has filled you Here "merchant" means "many merchants." Alternate translation: "the merchants of Sidon, who travel over the sea, have made you rich" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/03.md b/isa/23/03.md index 4e61f931e9..098cdc9c77 100644 --- a/isa/23/03.md +++ b/isa/23/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The "harvest of the Nile" refers to the grain that was harvested near the Nile R # it became the commerce of the nations Commerce is the activity of buying and selling goods. Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate translation: "you were where people from other nations came to buy and sell goods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/04.md b/isa/23/04.md index a7cc7482f1..309f79321b 100644 --- a/isa/23/04.md +++ b/isa/23/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh describes the city of Tyre ([Isaiah 23:1](../23/ # young men ... young women Or "sons and daughters." Some modern translations read, "young men ... virgins," but the emphasis here is on the girls' youth, in parallel with "young men," not on their sexual purity. - diff --git a/isa/23/05.md b/isa/23/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/23/05.md +++ b/isa/23/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/23/06.md b/isa/23/06.md index cb13328295..6a1ae87bd4 100644 --- a/isa/23/06.md +++ b/isa/23/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Cross over to Tarshish "Make your way to Tarshish." Tarshish was the farthest land the people of Tyre traveled to do business. It will be the only place of safety for those who escape from Tyre. - diff --git a/isa/23/07.md b/isa/23/07.md index 663b45ff07..40b70ced84 100644 --- a/isa/23/07.md +++ b/isa/23/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "feet" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "who went to dis # her far away Here "her" refers to the city of Tyre which represents the people of Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/08.md b/isa/23/08.md index 89f0e5aa4c..c4ca04a538 100644 --- a/isa/23/08.md +++ b/isa/23/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The merchants are compared to princes to emphasize how much power they had when # whose traders are the honored ones of the earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whose traders the people of the earth give the highest honors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/09.md b/isa/23/09.md index d169d136ea..09f9e8d02d 100644 --- a/isa/23/09.md +++ b/isa/23/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # her pride ... her glory ... her honored ones Here "her" refers to the city of Tyre which represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: "their pride ... their glory ... their honored one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/10.md b/isa/23/10.md index e7c1d9b8db..4d26b58f6a 100644 --- a/isa/23/10.md +++ b/isa/23/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Isaiah is telling the people of Tarshish to start plant # daughter of Tarshish The "daughter" of a city represents the people of the city. Alternate translation: "the people of Tarshish" or "the people who live in Tarshish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/11.md b/isa/23/11.md index 5260512f58..1ef252e2fa 100644 --- a/isa/23/11.md +++ b/isa/23/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh using his power to control the sea and the people of mighty kingdoms is s # has reached out with his hand over the sea Here "hand" refers to God's power and control. Alternate translation: "has shown his power over the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/12.md b/isa/23/12.md index 728b0c69e0..82b7e31615 100644 --- a/isa/23/12.md +++ b/isa/23/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon Here "virgin daughter" represents the people of Sidon. Alternate translation: "people of Sidon, because other people will oppress you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/13.md b/isa/23/13.md index 27adc0af5d..e03d77abfa 100644 --- a/isa/23/13.md +++ b/isa/23/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # siege towers Soldiers built towers or dirt ramps to attack over the walls of a city. - diff --git a/isa/23/14.md b/isa/23/14.md index fc468b33eb..211e8a475b 100644 --- a/isa/23/14.md +++ b/isa/23/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "ships" represents the men on the ships. See how you translated this in [Is # for your refuge has been destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for enemies have destroyed your refuge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/15.md b/isa/23/15.md index bfae0b0412..ff89c3babe 100644 --- a/isa/23/15.md +++ b/isa/23/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Since people will no longer go to Tyre to buy or sell goods, it will be like the # like in the song of the prostitute This speaks about the people of Tyre as if they were a prostitute. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/16.md b/isa/23/16.md index 0c5b450637..4e840e0565 100644 --- a/isa/23/16.md +++ b/isa/23/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks about the people of Tyre as if they were a prostitute (verse 15). Ju # so that you may be remembered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that people remember you" or "so that people return to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/23/17.md b/isa/23/17.md index 6533d51fde..21eeef7ff9 100644 --- a/isa/23/17.md +++ b/isa/23/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Isaiah compares the people of Tyre with a prostitute. Just as the prostitute sel # she will start making her prostitute's wages again "once again she will begin making as much money as she made when she was a prostitute" - diff --git a/isa/23/18.md b/isa/23/18.md index a084de6951..7725ca0c8e 100644 --- a/isa/23/18.md +++ b/isa/23/18.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # prostitute's wages -See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 23:17](../23/17.md). +See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 23:17](../23/17.md). # They will not be stored up or kept @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The merchants will no # to supply them with abundant food "so they will have enough food to eat" - diff --git a/isa/23/intro.md b/isa/23/intro.md index 17acc36656..c5c96eb75f 100644 --- a/isa/23/intro.md +++ b/isa/23/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Phoenicia -#### Phoenicia This chapter prophesies destruction against several cities in Phoenicia as well as in Tarshish. The exact location of Tarshish is unknown. Because of the locations mentioned in this chapter, it appears that the Assyrians will conquer many of the nations on the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter prophesies destruction against several cities in Phoenicia as well * __[Isaiah 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/24/01.md b/isa/24/01.md index 803ca1142a..990cb28d43 100644 --- a/isa/24/01.md +++ b/isa/24/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to empty the earth "to make the earth desolate" or "to destroy everything on the earth" - diff --git a/isa/24/02.md b/isa/24/02.md index 673cc14ae0..faaa65dbef 100644 --- a/isa/24/02.md +++ b/isa/24/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In 24:2 Isaiah lists several classes of people. They can be expressed as plural # the giver of interest "the one who is owed money" - diff --git a/isa/24/03.md b/isa/24/03.md index 0aeddc6de1..4d95a91b68 100644 --- a/isa/24/03.md +++ b/isa/24/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will completel # The earth everything that is on the earth (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/04.md b/isa/24/04.md index 74c2ce8df9..556a5bfca2 100644 --- a/isa/24/04.md +++ b/isa/24/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The earth ... the world Both of these are metonyms for everything that is on the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/05.md b/isa/24/05.md index 39bff2cd24..0483256b9c 100644 --- a/isa/24/05.md +++ b/isa/24/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people sinning and making the earth unacceptable to God is spoken of as if t # they have transgressed the laws, violated the statutes, and broken the everlasting covenant "they have not obeyed God's laws and statutes, and they have broken God's eternal covenant" - diff --git a/isa/24/06.md b/isa/24/06.md index 6221847da3..828ef568ef 100644 --- a/isa/24/06.md +++ b/isa/24/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh cursing the earth and destroying it is spoken of as if a curse were eithe # its inhabitants are found guilty This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will declare that the people are guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/07.md b/isa/24/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/24/07.md +++ b/isa/24/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/24/08.md b/isa/24/08.md index 176e3c1ff0..fd5052847a 100644 --- a/isa/24/08.md +++ b/isa/24/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah continues to describe a time in the future when God will judge the earth. # tambourines ... harp These are musical instruments. See how you translated these in [Isaiah 5:12](../05/12.md). - diff --git a/isa/24/09.md b/isa/24/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/24/09.md +++ b/isa/24/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/24/10.md b/isa/24/10.md index 7f9944d034..18c4c147dc 100644 --- a/isa/24/10.md +++ b/isa/24/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the city was in chaos before the Lord breaks it down; t # every house is closed up and empty This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people will close up their houses and leave them empty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/11.md b/isa/24/11.md index 50eef27975..832b55c1fc 100644 --- a/isa/24/11.md +++ b/isa/24/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "all joy # gladness of the land Here "land" represents the people of the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/12.md b/isa/24/12.md index 3de5f15340..4b0c8246e6 100644 --- a/isa/24/12.md +++ b/isa/24/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "desolation" can be stated as "desolate" or "empty." Alternate # In the city This is not a specific city but cities in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/13.md b/isa/24/13.md index cc564a2289..27de41f98b 100644 --- a/isa/24/13.md +++ b/isa/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as when an olive tree is beaten, as the gleanings when the grape harvest is done This compares the nations after Yahweh devastates the land to trees and vines after their fruit has been picked. This means there will be very few people left in the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/14.md b/isa/24/14.md index 5a1b9a67ad..84dfa708f3 100644 --- a/isa/24/14.md +++ b/isa/24/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "They" refers to those who are still alive after Yahweh devastates the eart # and will joyfully shout from the sea Here "the sea" refers to the Mediterranean Sea which is west of Israel. Alternate translation: "and those in the west towards the sea will shout with joy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/15.md b/isa/24/15.md index 00d241e164..21745cff23 100644 --- a/isa/24/15.md +++ b/isa/24/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah is commanding the people who live on the islands in the Mediterranean sea # to the name of Yahweh Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/16.md b/isa/24/16.md index 0657ebd70c..5c02ceb231 100644 --- a/isa/24/16.md +++ b/isa/24/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah repeats this phrase to emphasize his anguish. He was very concerned becau # The treacherous have dealt treacherously; yes, the treacherous have dealt very treacherously Isaiah repeats this phrase to emphasize his anguish. Alternate translation: "Indeed, those who deceive are now deceiving others" or "Indeed, the deceivers have acted deceitfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/17.md b/isa/24/17.md index fb75fd1753..a38a55a57e 100644 --- a/isa/24/17.md +++ b/isa/24/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the pit, and the snare Here "pit" and "snare" represent all the different bad things that will happen to people. People will run away to escape one bad thing but they will just experience another bad thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/18.md b/isa/24/18.md index 6135c04b89..dbc506549e 100644 --- a/isa/24/18.md +++ b/isa/24/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of large amounts of rain falling from the sky as if Yahweh opened a # the foundations of the earth will shake The word "foundation" normally refers to a stone structure that gives support to a building from underneath. Here it describes a similar structure that was thought to support and hold the earth in place. Isaiah says even the structure that holds the earth will shake. Alternate translation: "the earth will shake terribly" or "there will be a terrible earthquake" - diff --git a/isa/24/19.md b/isa/24/19.md index 552998c2fa..92c623ca0a 100644 --- a/isa/24/19.md +++ b/isa/24/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The earth will be completely broken, the earth ripped apart; the earth will be violently shaken These passive clauses can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The earth will break and split apart; the earth will shake violently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/20.md b/isa/24/20.md index a7b1d971ab..df039bd16e 100644 --- a/isa/24/20.md +++ b/isa/24/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These similes emphasize how the earth will shake back and forth, which is a meta # Its sin will be heavy on it and it will fall and never rise again This speaks of the earth as if it were a person and transgressions were a heavy object. The person tries to carry the heavy weight but the weight causes the person to fall and not be able to stand back up. Here the earth represents the people of the earth who cause Yahweh to destroy the earth because of their sins. Alternate translation: "The sins of the people are many and so Yahweh will destroy the earth, and the earth will be like a person who falls and cannot get back up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/21.md b/isa/24/21.md index 131863adc2..7c79108777 100644 --- a/isa/24/21.md +++ b/isa/24/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the host of the heaven in the heavens "the army of heaven in the heavens." Here "the host of the heaven" refers to living beings that God created in the heavens. In this passage it refers to the living beings who are evil. Possible meanings are that they are called the host 1) because they fight as an army. Alternate translation: "the heavenly army in heaven" or 2) because there are so many of them, just as armies have many soldiers. Alternate translation: "the multitude of powerful beings in the heavens" or "the evil spiritual beings in the heavens" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/22.md b/isa/24/22.md index 325bdffcdf..21cf4fc511 100644 --- a/isa/24/22.md +++ b/isa/24/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "pit" refers to a dark room or hole in a prison. This can be stated in acti # they will be punished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/23.md b/isa/24/23.md index f6c907d433..7794efa1d7 100644 --- a/isa/24/23.md +++ b/isa/24/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then the moon will be ashamed, and the sun disgraced The sun and the moon are described as a person who is ashamed of being in front of someone with greater power. In the presence of Yahweh, the light of the moon and sun will seem less bright. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/24/intro.md b/isa/24/intro.md index 5564eef657..d853892b68 100644 --- a/isa/24/intro.md +++ b/isa/24/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Isaiah 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. While it appears that this chapter is a continuation of the prophecy from the previous chapter, it actually looks at the whole of the Assyrian conquest as Yahweh's punishment on the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Covenant -#### Covenant The mention of an "everlasting covenant" in this chapter is probably not to a specific covenant with Abraham or Moses. Instead, it is an expectation that mankind would obey Yahweh. Some consider this to be a covenant Yahweh made with Adam. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Reign of Yahweh -#### Reign of Yahweh This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah wi * __[Isaiah 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/25/01.md b/isa/25/01.md index e1556ec945..0b41410118 100644 --- a/isa/25/01.md +++ b/isa/25/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "things you planned lo # in perfect faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful." Alternate translation: "because you are perfectly faithful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/25/02.md b/isa/25/02.md index e5c477a785..d07733eb79 100644 --- a/isa/25/02.md +++ b/isa/25/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is not referring to a certain city. It means cities in general. (See: [[rc: # a palace of foreigners is no longer a city "a city where foreigners had a palace is no more" - diff --git a/isa/25/03.md b/isa/25/03.md index 2057bb1ffd..d300e0cfba 100644 --- a/isa/25/03.md +++ b/isa/25/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a city of ruthless nations Here "city" and "nations" represent the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/25/04.md b/isa/25/04.md index a94f70e830..8c7636d766 100644 --- a/isa/25/04.md +++ b/isa/25/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Ruthless people oppressing the people of God is spoken of as if they were a stor # the ruthless This is a nominal adjective. Alternate translation: "ruthless people" or "those who are ruthless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/25/05.md b/isa/25/05.md index b31e89e3f6..7bbeabf42c 100644 --- a/isa/25/05.md +++ b/isa/25/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "just like when a clou # the song of the ruthless ones is answered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will stop the ruthless people from singing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/25/06.md b/isa/25/06.md index ec4fe3b8e9..881ee1f334 100644 --- a/isa/25/06.md +++ b/isa/25/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # refined choice wines choice wine that has been refined, the best wine - diff --git a/isa/25/07.md b/isa/25/07.md index b31a6e2435..af0e2e2e9e 100644 --- a/isa/25/07.md +++ b/isa/25/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the covering over all peoples, the web woven over all the nations Death, suffering, and sadness are spoken of as if they were a dark cloud or web that covers everyone on the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/25/08.md b/isa/25/08.md index 5a64dafca9..29d0a581ac 100644 --- a/isa/25/08.md +++ b/isa/25/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh causing people to live forever is spoken of as if he would swallow death. # the disgrace of his people he will take away from all the earth Yahweh causing the people to never be ashamed again is spoken of as if disgrace were an object that Yahweh would take away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/25/09.md b/isa/25/09.md index f5968e22f5..ba9116c4e0 100644 --- a/isa/25/09.md +++ b/isa/25/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will say" (See # on that day "at that time" - diff --git a/isa/25/10.md b/isa/25/10.md index ea1efa3ee8..a4d396921d 100644 --- a/isa/25/10.md +++ b/isa/25/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh destroying the people of Moab is spoken of as if he would step on them an # Moab will be trampled down in his place Here Moab represents the people of Moab. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will trample the people in the land of Moab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/25/11.md b/isa/25/11.md index 317bd5b18f..56b47bd65f 100644 --- a/isa/25/11.md +++ b/isa/25/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh humiliating a proud person is spoken of as if pride were something high a # in spite of the skill of their hands Here "hands" represents the power to do or make something. Alternate translation: "in spite of the great things they have built" or "in spite of the great things they have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/25/12.md b/isa/25/12.md index 405d082651..2719024f04 100644 --- a/isa/25/12.md +++ b/isa/25/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "your" refers to the people of Moab. It can be stated in third person to be # bring down ... abase See how you translated similar words in [Isaiah 2:11](../02/11.md). - diff --git a/isa/25/intro.md b/isa/25/intro.md index 1adc2245e5..0a1adb0707 100644 --- a/isa/25/intro.md +++ b/isa/25/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Isaiah 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. This chapter shifts from being a prophecy against the nations to the personal praises of Isaiah. He praises Yahweh for the deliverance of his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Reign of the Messiah -#### Reign of the Messiah This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah wi * __[Isaiah 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/26/01.md b/isa/26/01.md index 8262a32f30..ae497b9104 100644 --- a/isa/26/01.md +++ b/isa/26/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God's power to protect and save his people is spoken of as if his salvation were # ramparts Ramparts are walls built around a city to keep enemy armies from getting into the city. - diff --git a/isa/26/02.md b/isa/26/02.md index bc0d25f803..45cfeafa97 100644 --- a/isa/26/02.md +++ b/isa/26/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the righteous nation that keeps faith Here "nation" represents the people. Alternate translation: "the righteous and faithful people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/03.md b/isa/26/03.md index 9ff31325e8..d4badf92a0 100644 --- a/isa/26/03.md +++ b/isa/26/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The mind that is stayed on you Here "mind" represents a person's thoughts. Also "you" refers to Yahweh. The phrase "stayed on you" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "The person who continually thinks about you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/04.md b/isa/26/04.md index 502518726b..e1f77a4667 100644 --- a/isa/26/04.md +++ b/isa/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh is an everlasting rock Yahweh having the power to protect his people is spoken of as if he were a tall rock where people could go to escape from their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/05.md b/isa/26/05.md index 406e248c53..783b3845bd 100644 --- a/isa/26/05.md +++ b/isa/26/05.md @@ -15,6 +15,3 @@ This means fortified cities in general not a specific city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m Yahweh causing an army to destroy fortified cities is spoken of as if Yahweh would do it himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # abase - - - diff --git a/isa/26/06.md b/isa/26/06.md index a4c0e9a184..7b05ab81a5 100644 --- a/isa/26/06.md +++ b/isa/26/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It will be trampled down by the feet of the poor and the treading of the needy Both statements mean the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The poor and oppressed people will trample on the ruins of the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/07.md b/isa/26/07.md index 138d4063bd..e37526385a 100644 --- a/isa/26/07.md +++ b/isa/26/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The path of the righteous is level ... the path of the righteous you make straight These two phrases mean basically the same thing. People obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they were walking on his path. Yahweh ensuring the people that what they do is right is spoken of as if he were making the path level and straight for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/08.md b/isa/26/08.md index 5bee3401e1..b4aeb35f06 100644 --- a/isa/26/08.md +++ b/isa/26/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "we" refers to Isaiah and all righteous people who are speaking to Yahweh. # your name and your reputation are our desire Here "name" and "reputation" represent Yahweh's character which represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "our only desire is to honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/09.md b/isa/26/09.md index a4ad3e4335..fb65e9cfce 100644 --- a/isa/26/09.md +++ b/isa/26/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Wanting to know Yahweh and his laws better is spoken of as if the person were se # my spirit within me seeks you earnestly Here "spirit" represents the speaker as a whole. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/10.md b/isa/26/10.md index bcaeb2eabc..ef6d276571 100644 --- a/isa/26/10.md +++ b/isa/26/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "land" represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: "In the # does not see the majesty of Yahweh Here "see" represents realizing something. Alternate translation: "does not realize that Yahweh is great" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/11.md b/isa/26/11.md index 6a6ec05ee4..c130aa014c 100644 --- a/isa/26/11.md +++ b/isa/26/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh punishing and completely destroying his adversaries is spoken of as if he # fire of your adversaries Here "of" does not mean the fire belongs to the adversaries but that the fire is intended to be used against the adversaries. Alternate translation: "your fire will completely burn them up" - diff --git a/isa/26/12.md b/isa/26/12.md index 87f8227af3..db46232235 100644 --- a/isa/26/12.md +++ b/isa/26/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for us Here "us" refers to Isaiah and includes all the righteous people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/13.md b/isa/26/13.md index 87c7f141f3..390321f35a 100644 --- a/isa/26/13.md +++ b/isa/26/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but we praise your name alone Here "name" represents the person of God. Alternate translation: "but we praise you alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/14.md b/isa/26/14.md index 9ecc144655..471af2101b 100644 --- a/isa/26/14.md +++ b/isa/26/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # made every memory of them to perish Yahweh causing people to no longer remember those he destroyed is spoken of as if Yahweh made their memory perish or die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/15.md b/isa/26/15.md index 31d0df48dd..fd0527071a 100644 --- a/isa/26/15.md +++ b/isa/26/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have increased the nation, Yahweh, you have increased the nation This clause is repeated for emphasis. Here "nation" represents the people. Alternate translation: "You have greatly increased the number of people in our nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/16.md b/isa/26/16.md index eb161d11ba..0935bc5a8c 100644 --- a/isa/26/16.md +++ b/isa/26/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means they asked Yahweh for help. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idi # when your discipline was on them The abstract noun "discipline" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "when you disciplined them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/17.md b/isa/26/17.md index 412cc23ed2..011a1a7db2 100644 --- a/isa/26/17.md +++ b/isa/26/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As a pregnant woman ... cries out in her labor pains This compares the people to a woman giving birth. This emphasizes their suffering and crying when Yahweh disciplined them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/18.md b/isa/26/18.md index 7e31e85654..7dea4ca1a3 100644 --- a/isa/26/18.md +++ b/isa/26/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "salvation" is expressed as the v # and the inhabitants of the world have not fallen "nor have we caused the wicked people of the world to fall in battle" - diff --git a/isa/26/19.md b/isa/26/19.md index 6fdb8da5b2..bf8b5c633c 100644 --- a/isa/26/19.md +++ b/isa/26/19.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "light" refers to Yahweh's power to make dead people al # the earth will bring forth its dead "the earth will give birth to those who died." Yahweh causing dead people to come back to life is spoken of as if the earth would give birth to those who have died. Alternate translation: "and Yahweh will cause those who have died to rise from the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/20.md b/isa/26/20.md index b81ba459e3..345db05e1c 100644 --- a/isa/26/20.md +++ b/isa/26/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my" refers to Isaiah. Also "people" refers to the people of Israel. # until the indignation has passed by You may want to translate the abstract noun "indignation" as the adjective "indignant" or "angry." Alternate translation: "until Yahweh is no longer angry with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/21.md b/isa/26/21.md index 2b21432ce1..ce060269bc 100644 --- a/isa/26/21.md +++ b/isa/26/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the earth will uncover her bloodshed, and will no longer conceal those she killed Yahweh revealing all murders that have happened on the earth so that he can punish the murderers is spoken of as if the earth itself will reveal everyone who has been murdered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/26/intro.md b/isa/26/intro.md index 2f7fc7e11f..c03c1a23c5 100644 --- a/isa/26/intro.md +++ b/isa/26/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "That day" -#### "That day" This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to proph * __[Isaiah 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/27/01.md b/isa/27/01.md index 8187df889c..8c687d9c0c 100644 --- a/isa/27/01.md +++ b/isa/27/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh having the power to destroy his enemies is spoken of as if he had strong, # the monster that is in the sea This refers to Leviathan. - diff --git a/isa/27/02.md b/isa/27/02.md index d3e201948a..7f581123e1 100644 --- a/isa/27/02.md +++ b/isa/27/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A vineyard of wine, sing of it "Sing about the vineyard of wine." This speaks about the people of Israel as if they were a vineyard that produced fruit. Alternate translation: "Sing about the people of Israel as if they were a vineyard that produced grapes for wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/03.md b/isa/27/03.md index c68e7a4849..fb9603a524 100644 --- a/isa/27/03.md +++ b/isa/27/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # night and day The words "night" and "day" are combined here to mean "all the time." Alternate translation: "all the time" or "continually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/04.md b/isa/27/04.md index 65926c2cea..2c019422ec 100644 --- a/isa/27/04.md +++ b/isa/27/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Yahweh fighting his enemies is spoken of as if he were a warrior in an army. (Se # I would march against them; I would burn them all together Here Isaiah combines different images to speak of Yahweh's enemies. He speaks of them as if they are briers and thorns but also as soldiers in an army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/05.md b/isa/27/05.md index 608901913d..ed96be7234 100644 --- a/isa/27/05.md +++ b/isa/27/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "refuge" is expressed as the verb # make peace with me; let them make peace with me "they ask to live peacefully with me; I want them to live peacefully with me" - diff --git a/isa/27/06.md b/isa/27/06.md index e0342c1636..a47400354d 100644 --- a/isa/27/06.md +++ b/isa/27/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Jacob" and "Israel" are metonyms that represent the descendants of Jacob. # they will fill the surface of the world with fruit Yahweh causing the people of Israel to prosper greatly so that they can help other people is spoken of as if they were a vine that grows so much fruit that it would cover the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/07.md b/isa/27/07.md index 81847f5a99..aed71edbf1 100644 --- a/isa/27/07.md +++ b/isa/27/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These represent the descendants of Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metony # Have Jacob and Israel been killed as their killers were killed? This question too is used to contrast the severity of God's punishment. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has not killed the people of Israel like they killed their enemies from other nations." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/08.md b/isa/27/08.md index be89ca88c1..85e1d6c467 100644 --- a/isa/27/08.md +++ b/isa/27/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: "sending the Is # he drove them away with his severe breath in the day of the east wind Yahweh's power to send his people away to a foreign country is spoken of as if Yahweh used his breath to blow them to a foreign country. Alternate translation: "the power of Yahweh drove them out like a severe wind from the east" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/09.md b/isa/27/09.md index 1a2ccd3cc3..f0c67e8788 100644 --- a/isa/27/09.md +++ b/isa/27/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of the results of an action as if it were the fruit that grows as on # he will make all the altar stones as chalk and crushed to pieces, and no Asherah poles or incense altars will remain standing Here "he" refers to Jacob who represents his descendants. Alternate translation: "They will completely destroy all the altars on which they sacrifice to false gods, and they will remove all the Asherah idols and the altars on which they burn incense to false gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/10.md b/isa/27/10.md index 56125d111f..2de59a4516 100644 --- a/isa/27/10.md +++ b/isa/27/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This does not refer to a specific city or habitation but to cities and habitatio # a calf feeds, and there he lies down and consumes Here "calf" represents calves or cattle in general. Alternate translation: "calves feed, and there they lie down and consume" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/11.md b/isa/27/11.md index 6411864b3e..5b12e1d0a8 100644 --- a/isa/27/11.md +++ b/isa/27/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "people" refers to the people of Israel or 2) "people" # Therefore their Maker will not have compassion on them, and he who made them will not be merciful to them Both clauses mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "Because they do not understand, Yahweh, the one who made them, will not be merciful to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/12.md b/isa/27/12.md index 66a831821a..8b42ec4b1c 100644 --- a/isa/27/12.md +++ b/isa/27/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Isaiah mentions the Euphrates River and the Wadi of Egypt to mean that Yahweh wi # you ... will be gathered together one by one This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will gather you together one by one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/27/13.md b/isa/27/13.md index 0914d52ee5..017d98618b 100644 --- a/isa/27/13.md +++ b/isa/27/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The verb "will come" is understood from the previous clause. Alternate translati # holy mountain The "holy mountain" is Mount Zion, in Jerusalem. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 11:9](../11/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/27/intro.md b/isa/27/intro.md index 01ff88f956..6bb2355242 100644 --- a/isa/27/intro.md +++ b/isa/27/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 27 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Leviathan -#### Leviathan This was an ancient type of dragon or serpent. It is possible that this is a reference to Satan, who is also described as a serpent and a dragon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "That day" -#### "That day" This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to proph * __[Isaiah 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/28/01.md b/isa/28/01.md index 020fa215b3..6589f5a203 100644 --- a/isa/28/01.md +++ b/isa/28/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A "garland" is a crown made of flowers. Here it represents the city of Samaria, # who are overcome with wine "who are drunk with wine" - diff --git a/isa/28/02.md b/isa/28/02.md index 902e73f9c2..feb801b248 100644 --- a/isa/28/02.md +++ b/isa/28/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A "storm of hail" or hailstorm happens when hard pieces of ice fall from the sky # he will throw each garland crown down to the ground The king and his powerful army destroying the people of Samaria and their city is spoken of as if the king will throw the people's garlands onto the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/03.md b/isa/28/03.md index a1d0c09b8c..4945f6b472 100644 --- a/isa/28/03.md +++ b/isa/28/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemy army will c # proud garland ... of Ephraim A "garland" is a crown made of flowers. Here it represents the city of Samaria, the capital of Israel, which sits above a fertile valley. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/04.md b/isa/28/04.md index 1ecb25e73d..393d14bbc8 100644 --- a/isa/28/04.md +++ b/isa/28/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The city of Samaria, the capital of Israel, sits above a fertile valley. (See: [ # will be as the first ripe fig ... swallows it down This speaks of the enemy soldiers seeing the beauty of Samaria and quickly plundering it as if they were a person who sees the first fig of the season and quickly eats it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/05.md b/isa/28/05.md index a1f18b4ac1..b178150707 100644 --- a/isa/28/05.md +++ b/isa/28/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is spoken of as if he were to become a beautiful crown that the people wh # a beautiful crown and a diadem of beauty These mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "a beautiful crown" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/06.md b/isa/28/06.md index d6126ff7cf..3cb7c5a0cb 100644 --- a/isa/28/06.md +++ b/isa/28/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom means the person has the authority to judge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # strength for those who turn back their enemies at their gates Here "to turn back" is an idiom that means to defeat in battle. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will cause the soldiers to be strong so that they defeat their enemies when the enemies attack their city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/07.md b/isa/28/07.md index 6bb633328f..2ba5458f16 100644 --- a/isa/28/07.md +++ b/isa/28/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Their drinking so much that they can no longer think properly is spoken of as if # staggering in vision and reeling in decision Just like they are too drunk to walk correctly, they are too drunk to understand the visions God gives them or to make good decisions. - diff --git a/isa/28/08.md b/isa/28/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/28/08.md +++ b/isa/28/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/28/09.md b/isa/28/09.md index e5cf28f5a1..ccd91223bb 100644 --- a/isa/28/09.md +++ b/isa/28/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The drunk prophets and priests use a question to criticize Isaiah, who is trying # To those who are weaned from milk or to those just taken from the breasts? The drunk prophets and priests use a question to criticize Isaiah, because they feel that he is treating them like babies. Alternate translation: "He should not treat us like babies!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/10.md b/isa/28/10.md index c210b776cc..27f6fcb217 100644 --- a/isa/28/10.md +++ b/isa/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For it is command upon command, command upon command; rule upon rule, rule upon rule; here a little, there a little The drunk prophets and priests criticize Isaiah because they feel that Isaiah is repeating simple commands as if he were talking to a child. - diff --git a/isa/28/11.md b/isa/28/11.md index 4686d47bca..31d63b76a0 100644 --- a/isa/28/11.md +++ b/isa/28/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "lips" and "tongue" represent the foreigners who speak a different language # mocking lips "stammering lips" - diff --git a/isa/28/12.md b/isa/28/12.md index 55449e02e2..3749b2ce3d 100644 --- a/isa/28/12.md +++ b/isa/28/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "rest" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "let wh # this is the refreshing The abstract noun "refreshing" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "this is the place where you can be refreshed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/13.md b/isa/28/13.md index 560e8e37d8..223727e03b 100644 --- a/isa/28/13.md +++ b/isa/28/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ People losing in battle to the enemy army is spoken of as if the people will fal # ensnared The enemy soldiers capturing the people of Israel is spoken of as if they were hunters that catch an animal in a snare. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/14.md b/isa/28/14.md index f615965fed..98130e20e8 100644 --- a/isa/28/14.md +++ b/isa/28/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So listen to the word of Yahweh "So listen to Yahweh's message" - diff --git a/isa/28/15.md b/isa/28/15.md index 0cb25c18f8..5ea9d77c60 100644 --- a/isa/28/15.md +++ b/isa/28/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. A "lie" and "falsehood" are spo # a lie our refuge ... taken shelter in falsehood Possible meanings are 1) the leaders trust in their own lies that they have said in order to protect themselves or 2) the leaders trust that the covenant they have made with the false gods of the place of the dead will keep them safe or 3) the leaders trust that the agreement they have made with the Egyptians will keep them safe. - diff --git a/isa/28/16.md b/isa/28/16.md index c67b542741..c35cd07fbe 100644 --- a/isa/28/16.md +++ b/isa/28/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh sending a strong person to help the people of Israel is spoken of as if Y # He who believes will not be ashamed "Anyone who trusts in this foundation stone will not be sorry" - diff --git a/isa/28/17.md b/isa/28/17.md index 7812fac935..c8835247c5 100644 --- a/isa/28/17.md +++ b/isa/28/17.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ hard pieces of ice that fall from the sky # the refuge of lies ... the hiding place This speaks about "lies" as if they were a place a person could go to hide. They represent what the leaders of Jerusalem trusted in to keep them safe from Yahweh's punishment. Possible meanings are 1) the leaders trust in their own lies that they have said in order to protect themselves or 2) the leaders trust that the covenant they have made with the false gods of the place of the dead will keep them safe or 3) the leaders trust that the agreement they have made with the Egyptians will keep them safe. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 28:15](../28/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/18.md b/isa/28/18.md index 589ab63ab3..74ef538845 100644 --- a/isa/28/18.md +++ b/isa/28/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "flood" is a synecdoche that represents anything in gen # you will become its trampling place The flooding river is personified as a soldier who tramples those who mock ([Isaiah28:14](../28/14.md)). Alternate translation: "it will trample you there" or "it will completely destroy you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/19.md b/isa/28/19.md index 8a48c38443..9bb991c2d6 100644 --- a/isa/28/19.md +++ b/isa/28/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "every day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # by day and night This means "throughout the entire day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/20.md b/isa/28/20.md index 5798461dcf..e188e940bb 100644 --- a/isa/28/20.md +++ b/isa/28/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Jerusalem. # For the bed is too short for a man to stretch out on, and the blanket too narrow for him to wrap himself in This was probably a proverb that the people knew at the time. It means that what they believe will keep them safe from Yahweh's punishment will disappoint them like a bed that is too short or a blanket that is too narrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/21.md b/isa/28/21.md index 00126cc298..93ae99cf66 100644 --- a/isa/28/21.md +++ b/isa/28/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These refer to places where God miraculously defeated enemy armies. (See: [[rc:/ # his strange work ... his strange deed These two phrases mean the same thing. This work is strange because God is using a foreign army to defeat the people of Jerusalem rather than helping the people of Jerusalem defeat their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/22.md b/isa/28/22.md index 5f53b57095..90893372c8 100644 --- a/isa/28/22.md +++ b/isa/28/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # a decree of destruction on the earth This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "destruction" is expressed as the verb "destroy." Alternate translation: "that he is going to destroy people throughout the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/23.md b/isa/28/23.md index fcf801f29a..e0fb938a3e 100644 --- a/isa/28/23.md +++ b/isa/28/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "voice" represents what Isaiah says. Alternate translation: "to what I say" # to my words "to my message" - diff --git a/isa/28/24.md b/isa/28/24.md index 975ea7f347..a610fcd4dd 100644 --- a/isa/28/24.md +++ b/isa/28/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Does a farmer who plows all day to sow, only plow the ground? Does he continually break up and harrow the field? Isaiah uses rhetorical questions to make the people think deeply. Alternate translation: "A farmer does not plow the ground over and over and continually work the soil without ever sowing seed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/25.md b/isa/28/25.md index cfa449a2cd..f69a4cdc22 100644 --- a/isa/28/25.md +++ b/isa/28/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are names of plants that are spices. Translators may represent them in gen # wheat ... barley ... spelt These are all names of plants that are grains. Translators may represent them in general as seeds of grains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/26.md b/isa/28/26.md index 7c91db0d3d..7a28a35c07 100644 --- a/isa/28/26.md +++ b/isa/28/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # His God instructs him; he teaches him wisely These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "Yahweh helps the farmer know how to care for each kind of plant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/27.md b/isa/28/27.md index 8c5da331dd..5475224eb7 100644 --- a/isa/28/27.md +++ b/isa/28/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 28:25](../28/25.md). # but caraway is beaten out with a stick, and cumin with a rod Isaiah describes the correct way for a farmer to separate the seed from the plant. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but he beats the caraway with a stick, and he beats cumin with a rod" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/28.md b/isa/28/28.md index 71e9af8236..13f7ebfcbd 100644 --- a/isa/28/28.md +++ b/isa/28/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bread grain is crushed, but the one who grinds it does not thresh it forever This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The farmer grinds the grain for bread, but he eventually stops grinding it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/28/29.md b/isa/28/29.md index c86502cbcc..8a46497dc2 100644 --- a/isa/28/29.md +++ b/isa/28/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This concludes the parable started in [Isaiah 28:23](../28/23.md). The implied l # Yahweh of hosts See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/28/intro.md b/isa/28/intro.md index 63b0e89853..1401d1a2f2 100644 --- a/isa/28/intro.md +++ b/isa/28/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 28 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors There are many metaphors used to describe Yahweh's punishment as well as the sin of the people of Ephraim. In one such metaphor, they are described as being drunk. Construction and weather metaphors are also used in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "That day" -#### "That day" This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to proph * __[Isaiah 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/29/01.md b/isa/29/01.md index dcda3ea13c..c1df745c91 100644 --- a/isa/29/01.md +++ b/isa/29/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is another name for Jerusalem, and it means "altar." If possible translate # Add year to year; let the festivals come round "Keep celebrating your festival year after year." This is an ironic statement. Yahweh tells the people to keep celebrating their festivals where they sacrifice to him, but he knows it will not prevent him from destroying them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/02.md b/isa/29/02.md index 8d8df324ef..f0e6065c01 100644 --- a/isa/29/02.md +++ b/isa/29/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "mourning" and "lamenting" mean basically the same thing and emphasize # like Ariel Translators may add a footnote that says, "The name Ariel means 'altar.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/03.md b/isa/29/03.md index aa7914ab4c..ebe925f97a 100644 --- a/isa/29/03.md +++ b/isa/29/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will encamp against you The word "I" refers to Yahweh. This represents Yahweh causing an enemy army to surround Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "I will command the army of your enemies to surround you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/04.md b/isa/29/04.md index 949a861125..874099a81b 100644 --- a/isa/29/04.md +++ b/isa/29/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Your enemy will humbl # your speech will be bowed down from the dust "you will speak with a quiet voice from the dust" or "you will be talking as you lie facedown in the dust" - diff --git a/isa/29/05.md b/isa/29/05.md index d5b93c189d..264d7d6cf7 100644 --- a/isa/29/05.md +++ b/isa/29/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This emphasizes how weak and insignificant the invading army is before God. Alte # the ruthless ones as chaff The translator can supply the verb "will become." Alternate translation: "the ruthless ones will become as chaff" or "the soldiers who show you no mercy will become as chaff" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/06.md b/isa/29/06.md index 9d8daabc7e..9c28927173 100644 --- a/isa/29/06.md +++ b/isa/29/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh of hosts will come to you The word "you" refers to the people of Jerusalem. Possible meanings are 1) "Yahweh of hosts will come to help you" or 2) "Yahweh of hosts will come to punish you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/07.md b/isa/29/07.md index e9c77fa127..776598f8c2 100644 --- a/isa/29/07.md +++ b/isa/29/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The name "Ariel" is another name for Jerusalem, and it represents the people who # her stronghold. They will attack her and her fortifications to press upon her The word "her" refers to Ariel which represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: "their stronghold. They will attack the city of Ariel and its defenses and cause the people to be in great distress" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/08.md b/isa/29/08.md index 0377ac6892..2660cd2ee3 100644 --- a/isa/29/08.md +++ b/isa/29/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These similes mean that the enemy will expect victory but they will fail because # Yes, so will be the great number of nations that fights against Mount Zion Here "Mount Zion" represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: "Yes, this will be what happens to the armies from the nations who fight against the people who live on Mount Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/09.md b/isa/29/09.md index f14329e6cf..f87ff4eb7b 100644 --- a/isa/29/09.md +++ b/isa/29/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people ignoring what Yahweh says is spoken of as if they would make themselv # Be drunk, but not with wine; stagger, but not with strong drink The people being senseless and not understanding what Yahweh is doing is spoken of as if they were drunk. Alternate translation: "Be senseless like a drunk person, but it is not because you have drunk too much wine or strong drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/10.md b/isa/29/10.md index 5abb440bc3..724116d774 100644 --- a/isa/29/10.md +++ b/isa/29/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the spirit of" means "to have the characteristic of" being asleep. Yahweh # He has closed your eyes, the prophets, and has covered your heads, the seers Yahweh causing the people to be senseless and not to understand what he is doing is spoken of as if he closed their eyes and covered their heads so they could not see. Alternate translation: "It is as though Yahweh has closed the eyes of the prophets and covered the heads of the seers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/11.md b/isa/29/11.md index fffbbb4055..b03037f51d 100644 --- a/isa/29/11.md +++ b/isa/29/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The other prophets in Jerusalem are unable to hear or understand God's message. # is sealed, which men might give to one who is learned This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "is sealed. A person may take the sealed book to someone who can read" - diff --git a/isa/29/12.md b/isa/29/12.md index a6e446d575..c0e0faec70 100644 --- a/isa/29/12.md +++ b/isa/29/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If the book is given to one who cannot read This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If a person takes the book to someone who cannot read" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/13.md b/isa/29/13.md index f3aff9b330..72c0ea0533 100644 --- a/isa/29/13.md +++ b/isa/29/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym that represents a person's thoughts and emotions. The # Their honor for me is only a commandment of men that has been taught This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They honor me only because that is what people tell them to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/14.md b/isa/29/14.md index c51372a538..f61ba3298d 100644 --- a/isa/29/14.md +++ b/isa/29/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The wisdom of their wise men will perish, and the understanding of their prudent men will disappear Both of these statements mean the same thing. Yahweh showing that the wise people cannot understand or explain what Yahweh does is spoken of as if their wisdom and understanding will vanish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/15.md b/isa/29/15.md index aa00b7a6e2..3147097b37 100644 --- a/isa/29/15.md +++ b/isa/29/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that they are secretly doing evil things. Alternate translation: " # Who sees us, and who knows us? They use a question to emphasize that they believe no one knows what they are doing. Alternate translation: "No one, not even Yahweh, sees us or knows what we are doing!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/16.md b/isa/29/16.md index de5181f46d..9ea9349975 100644 --- a/isa/29/16.md +++ b/isa/29/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh who created humans is spoken of as if he were a potter and humans were th # Should the potter be considered like clay ... "He does not understand"? This question is used to scold the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "Obviously, the potter should not be considered like clay ... 'He does not understand.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/17.md b/isa/29/17.md index f03713e14d..b1cb056e05 100644 --- a/isa/29/17.md +++ b/isa/29/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is literal and Yahweh will cause the places where # Lebanon will be turned into a field Here "Lebanon" represents the large cedar forests in Lebanon. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will turn the mighty forests of Lebanon into a field" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/18.md b/isa/29/18.md index be530df283..b10c036649 100644 --- a/isa/29/18.md +++ b/isa/29/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is literal and Yahweh will cause deaf people to he # the eyes of the blind Here "eyes" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "those who are blind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/19.md b/isa/29/19.md index 0968b5bbda..8e2a92a090 100644 --- a/isa/29/19.md +++ b/isa/29/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The oppressed will again rejoice in Yahweh, and the poor among men will rejoice in the Holy One of Israel These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "The poor and oppressed people will again be happy because of what Yahweh, the Holy One of Israel, has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/20.md b/isa/29/20.md index b11b92184a..07546bf1a0 100644 --- a/isa/29/20.md +++ b/isa/29/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The nominal adjective "the mocker" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translatio # All those who love to do evil will be eliminated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will eliminate all those who love to do evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/21.md b/isa/29/21.md index e24764649e..f99a3f3783 100644 --- a/isa/29/21.md +++ b/isa/29/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The evil people doing anything they can to stop a good person is spoken of as if # who seeks justice at the gate The city gate was often the place where the city leaders made official decisions. - diff --git a/isa/29/22.md b/isa/29/22.md index ac27831aa9..7de15e90d9 100644 --- a/isa/29/22.md +++ b/isa/29/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate translation: "Jacob's descend # nor will his face be pale This is an idiom that means he will no longer be afraid. Alternate translation: "nor will he be afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/23.md b/isa/29/23.md index 4d135788ae..c637828681 100644 --- a/isa/29/23.md +++ b/isa/29/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "name" represents Yahweh. Yahweh refers to himself as "the Holy One of Jaco # of the God of Israel Yahweh refers to himself as "the God of Israel." Alternate translation: "of me, the God of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/24.md b/isa/29/24.md index b7063de52e..939cf33282 100644 --- a/isa/29/24.md +++ b/isa/29/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "spirit" represents a person's inner being. Alternate translation: "Those w # will gain understanding This can be made more explicit to explain what they will understand. Alternate translation: "will begin to understand Yahweh and his laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/29/intro.md b/isa/29/intro.md index 293563d7d3..5e060ff3a1 100644 --- a/isa/29/intro.md +++ b/isa/29/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Isaiah 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. This chapter begins a series of "woes" against specific nations. It presents judgments against the kingdoms of Ephraim and eventually Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Ariel -This is another name for Jerusalem. It is an uncommon name. +### Ariel -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +This is another name for Jerusalem. It is an uncommon name. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Prophecies -#### Prophecies This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah wi * __[Isaiah 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/30/01.md b/isa/30/01.md index 0c9ed545bc..ce2f9f442d 100644 --- a/isa/30/01.md +++ b/isa/30/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but my Spirit did not # they add sin to sin Continuing to sin is spoken of as if sins were objects that could be stacked on one another. Alternate translation: "they continue to sin more and more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/02.md b/isa/30/02.md index 5a7eaca5c7..d1cb34ccd9 100644 --- a/isa/30/02.md +++ b/isa/30/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "protection" is expressed as the # take refuge in the shadow of Egypt Egypt's protection from enemy armies is spoken of as if it were a shadow that protects someone from the burning heat of the sun. Alternate translation: "they rely on the Egyptians to keep them safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/03.md b/isa/30/03.md index 624e7addee..1abcbfff94 100644 --- a/isa/30/03.md +++ b/isa/30/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract nouns "protection," "shame," and "humi # the refuge in Egypt's shade Egypt's protection from enemy armies is spoken of as if it were a shadow that protects someone from the burning heat of the sun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/04.md b/isa/30/04.md index c94bb1db94..9617ba503d 100644 --- a/isa/30/04.md +++ b/isa/30/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These were cities in the northern part of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tran # have come to Hanes Here "come" can be stated as "gone." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/05.md b/isa/30/05.md index d36269e929..8af49b46d0 100644 --- a/isa/30/05.md +++ b/isa/30/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to the people of Judah. # because of a people "because of the people of Egypt" - diff --git a/isa/30/06.md b/isa/30/06.md index 6773deadd7..6620b06bd9 100644 --- a/isa/30/06.md +++ b/isa/30/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "fiery" probably refers to the serpent's poisonous bite and the wo # they carry their riches "the people of Judah carry their riches" - diff --git a/isa/30/07.md b/isa/30/07.md index 2a07460981..819451c19a 100644 --- a/isa/30/07.md +++ b/isa/30/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This doublet emphasizes that Egypt's help is worthless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # I have called her Rahab, who sits still There were popular stories about a sea monster named Rahab. The name Rahab means "strength" or "arrogance." Alternate translation: "I call Egypt a loud boaster who does nothing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/08.md b/isa/30/08.md index c9fa57739f..21c81b76a2 100644 --- a/isa/30/08.md +++ b/isa/30/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a break in Yahweh's declaration about Judah. Here # for the time to come This speaks of time as if it travels and arrives somewhere. Alternate translation: "for a future time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/09.md b/isa/30/09.md index a387a21d29..f2355f9ef5 100644 --- a/isa/30/09.md +++ b/isa/30/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lying children, children who will not hear the instruction of Yahweh This speaks of Yahweh's people as if they were his children. This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "They behave like children who lie and do not listen to what Yahweh commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/10.md b/isa/30/10.md index a31d4eddca..a58d334d8b 100644 --- a/isa/30/10.md +++ b/isa/30/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking about the people of Judah. - diff --git a/isa/30/11.md b/isa/30/11.md index 4758d9227a..4621eee16c 100644 --- a/isa/30/11.md +++ b/isa/30/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ How Yahweh wants his people to behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path o # Holy One of Israel See how you translated this name in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/isa/30/12.md b/isa/30/12.md index 6e614586b2..244113d03d 100644 --- a/isa/30/12.md +++ b/isa/30/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "it" refers to "oppression and deceit." Alternate translation: "le # lean on This is an idiom that means to trust or rely on something. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/13.md b/isa/30/13.md index 4650feffa4..0504e2bbd0 100644 --- a/isa/30/13.md +++ b/isa/30/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "fall" is expressed as the verb " # suddenly, in an instant These mean the same thing and emphasize how quickly the wall will fall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/14.md b/isa/30/14.md index a60de752b5..98a6561200 100644 --- a/isa/30/14.md +++ b/isa/30/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will be able t # fire from the hearth The word "fire" here refers here to ashes. Alternate translation: "ashes from the fireplace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/15.md b/isa/30/15.md index 0704555bc9..57f3785739 100644 --- a/isa/30/15.md +++ b/isa/30/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that the people rest because they trust that Yahweh will take care # in quietness and in trust will be your strength Quietness here refers to not being anxious and worried. It is implied that they are not worried because they trust in Yahweh. Alternate translation: "You will be strong if you are quiet and trust in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/16.md b/isa/30/16.md index 1cb97feebc..f8aed6fe4d 100644 --- a/isa/30/16.md +++ b/isa/30/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we will flee on horses Apparently these are horses that the people of Judah received from the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/17.md b/isa/30/17.md index 1cbbeed482..ea689d708a 100644 --- a/isa/30/17.md +++ b/isa/30/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This simile means there will be so few people left that they will be like a sing # signal flag See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:26](../05/26.md). - diff --git a/isa/30/18.md b/isa/30/18.md index f4b8482770..08ef369f55 100644 --- a/isa/30/18.md +++ b/isa/30/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Judah. - diff --git a/isa/30/19.md b/isa/30/19.md index 348c136429..723c91026d 100644 --- a/isa/30/19.md +++ b/isa/30/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" refers to the people who will live in Zion. # he will answer you "he will help you" - diff --git a/isa/30/20.md b/isa/30/20.md index fdb2cd4d55..98510316c9 100644 --- a/isa/30/20.md +++ b/isa/30/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Yahweh. # you will see your teacher with your own eyes Here "eyes" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "you yourselves will see your teacher" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/21.md b/isa/30/21.md index 301e7f9083..b45c831610 100644 --- a/isa/30/21.md +++ b/isa/30/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ How Yahweh wants his people to behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path. # when you turn to the right or when you turn to the left Disobeying Yahweh is spoken of as if the person turned left or right off of Yahweh's path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/22.md b/isa/30/22.md index 8548d771bc..75cfa15118 100644 --- a/isa/30/22.md +++ b/isa/30/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This simile means they will throw away their idols like they were garbage. (See: # You will say to them, "Get out of here." This speaks of the idols as if they could hear and get up and leave a place. Yahweh means that the people will no longer need or want the idols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/23.md b/isa/30/23.md index efacf6b52d..8ea2f58019 100644 --- a/isa/30/23.md +++ b/isa/30/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "bread" represents food in general. Alternate translation: "he will cause t # In that day "At that time" - diff --git a/isa/30/24.md b/isa/30/24.md index f338454c75..3f40c9e032 100644 --- a/isa/30/24.md +++ b/isa/30/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that has been winnowed with a shovel and a fork Shovels and forks were used to throw the grain in the air so the wind would blow away the chaff, leaving only the part that could be eaten. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you have winnowed with a shovel and a pitchfork" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/25.md b/isa/30/25.md index 767b9053c0..7212b1c58d 100644 --- a/isa/30/25.md +++ b/isa/30/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Isaiah describes what will be an ideal situation after Yahweh rescues his people # in the day "at the time" - diff --git a/isa/30/26.md b/isa/30/26.md index 5e1caf38e3..5940add104 100644 --- a/isa/30/26.md +++ b/isa/30/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah describes what will be an ideal situation after Yahweh rescues his people # Yahweh will bind up the breaking of his people and heal the bruises of his wounding them Yahweh comforting his people and causing their suffering to end is spoken of as if he would put bandages on their wounds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/27.md b/isa/30/27.md index 0a29818e49..f82ded6c6c 100644 --- a/isa/30/27.md +++ b/isa/30/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "Yahweh comes" (See: [[rc: # His lips are full of fury, and his tongue is like a devouring fire Here "lips" and "tongue" are metonyms that represent Yahweh speaking. And, Yahweh speaks with so much anger and power that it is spoken of as if his tongue were a fire. Alternate translation: "When he speaks his fury is like a fire that destroys everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/28.md b/isa/30/28.md index 0b64e234fc..6752df16a0 100644 --- a/isa/30/28.md +++ b/isa/30/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh having the power to cause people's plans to fail or causing them to be de # a bridle in the jaws of the peoples A "bridle" is a device that people put over a horse's head to guide it. The bridle contains a small piece called a "bit" that goes in the horse's mouth. Alternate translation: "a bridle on the heads of the peoples" or "a bit in the jaws of the peoples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/29.md b/isa/30/29.md index 1eb85597de..3505653cbf 100644 --- a/isa/30/29.md +++ b/isa/30/29.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This simile emphasizes how happy the people will be. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # to the Rock of Israel Yahweh having the power to protect his people is spoken of as if he were a rock on which the people could climb and escape from enemies. Alternate translation: "to Israel's protective rock" or "which is like a protective rock for Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/30.md b/isa/30/30.md index b1c5472bdc..d1c87b9382 100644 --- a/isa/30/30.md +++ b/isa/30/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh's anger is spoken of as if it were a storm or a fire. Alternate translati # hailstones hard pieces of ice that fall from the sky like rain - diff --git a/isa/30/31.md b/isa/30/31.md index 17ad85f751..14f812b6db 100644 --- a/isa/30/31.md +++ b/isa/30/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "dismayed" can also mean "shattered," a metaphor for "totally defeat." # Assyria Here this is a metonym for the soldiers of Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/32.md b/isa/30/32.md index 206be097ce..153b0e4676 100644 --- a/isa/30/32.md +++ b/isa/30/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pi # he battles, waving his weapons, and fights with them Yahweh causing the enemy army to defeat the Assyrians is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight along with the enemy army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/33.md b/isa/30/33.md index 80c84b353c..9089301e46 100644 --- a/isa/30/33.md +++ b/isa/30/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is implied that this refers to the king of Assyria. This can be stated in act # The breath of Yahweh, like a stream of sulfur, will set it on fire This speaks of Yahweh's breath as if it were a river of fire that will set the pile on fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/30/intro.md b/isa/30/intro.md index 2267c17bf1..094e282ac3 100644 --- a/isa/30/intro.md +++ b/isa/30/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ # Isaiah 30 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. This chapter continues the series of "woes" against specific nations. It presents judgments against the people of Ephraim and Judah when they desired to make an alliance with Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Negev -#### Negev This is an area between Egypt and Judah. The people would have had to travel though it in order to get to Egypt. No one really lived in this area and it was known to be very dangerous. -#### Trust -The people were to trust in Yahweh. Only he could provide them with protection. The people were punished for their lack of trust when they were in trouble, but Yahweh only required that they trust him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) +### Trust -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +The people were to trust in Yahweh. Only he could provide them with protection. The people were punished for their lack of trust when they were in trouble, but Yahweh only required that they trust him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "That day" -#### "That day" This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. The chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +27,3 @@ This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. The chapter appears to prophe * __[Isaiah 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/31/01.md b/isa/31/01.md index 1bd6c6262a..e2e8cd875b 100644 --- a/isa/31/01.md +++ b/isa/31/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ See how you translated this name in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md). # nor do they seek Yahweh "nor do they ask Yahweh to help them" - diff --git a/isa/31/02.md b/isa/31/02.md index 8e0ebcf433..79d0ca4b9b 100644 --- a/isa/31/02.md +++ b/isa/31/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "retract his words" speaks of a person not fulfilling what they said # evil house This refers to evil people who live there. Alternate translation: "all who do evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/31/03.md b/isa/31/03.md index d4bb4f752b..8f2be18e07 100644 --- a/isa/31/03.md +++ b/isa/31/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Stumbling and falling are metap # the one who is helped This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one who is seeking help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/31/04.md b/isa/31/04.md index 3136388335..78dbc6f83c 100644 --- a/isa/31/04.md +++ b/isa/31/04.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ The shepherds would make loud noises to try and chase away the lion. Alternate t # on Mount Zion, on that hill Both of the phrases refer to Mount Zion. Alternate translation: "on Mount Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/31/05.md b/isa/31/05.md index 7ec0963160..b2f0ada40a 100644 --- a/isa/31/05.md +++ b/isa/31/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # Jerusalem This refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/31/06.md b/isa/31/06.md index 474c86a9f5..5e6f06a0c8 100644 --- a/isa/31/06.md +++ b/isa/31/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Return to him from whom you have deeply turned away "Return to the one against whom you have rebelled" - diff --git a/isa/31/07.md b/isa/31/07.md index 209b79845c..e7bc79f42d 100644 --- a/isa/31/07.md +++ b/isa/31/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that your own hands have made as a sin Here the people are referred to by their "hands" the emphasize that they made something with their hands. Alternate translation: "that you have sinned by making with you own hands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/31/08.md b/isa/31/08.md index 905de7da1c..5035f98602 100644 --- a/isa/31/08.md +++ b/isa/31/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Judah, referring to the Assyrians as # his young men will be forced to do hard labor This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "enemies will capture their young men and force them to do hard labor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/31/09.md b/isa/31/09.md index 6100108870..6b9f824fba 100644 --- a/isa/31/09.md +++ b/isa/31/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:26](../05/26.md). # whose fire is in Zion and whose firepot is in Jerusalem Both of these clauses mean the same thing and are used together for emphasis. Here God's presence and his power to judge and destroy are spoken of as if they were a fire. Alternate translation: "whose powerful presence is in Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/31/intro.md b/isa/31/intro.md index ad16ae6797..f300819449 100644 --- a/isa/31/intro.md +++ b/isa/31/intro.md @@ -1,27 +1,29 @@ # Isaiah 31 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. This chapter continues the series of "woes" against specific nations. It presents judgments against the people of Ephraim and Judah when they desired to make an alliance with Egypt. It also prophesies the destruction of Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Trust -The people were to trust in Yahweh. Only he could provide them with protection. They were punished for their lack of trust when they were in trouble, but Yahweh only required that they trust him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) +### Trust -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +The people were to trust in Yahweh. Only he could provide them with protection. They were punished for their lack of trust when they were in trouble, but Yahweh only required that they trust him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "That day" -#### "That day" This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) -#### Israel -The use of the term "Israel" in this chapter is in reference to the northern kingdom of Israel exclusively. +### Israel + +The use of the term "Israel" in this chapter is in reference to the northern kingdom of Israel exclusively. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/32/01.md b/isa/32/01.md index ffb98e82b1..044327930b 100644 --- a/isa/32/01.md +++ b/isa/32/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Look This word is used here to draw peoples' attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: "Listen" - diff --git a/isa/32/02.md b/isa/32/02.md index a8ea771a8d..2f0609890f 100644 --- a/isa/32/02.md +++ b/isa/32/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is another comparison that means that the rulers will provide for the needs # like the shade of a great rock in a land of weariness This is another comparison that means that the rulers will provide comfort and rest for the people. Alternate translation: "they will provide rest for the people like a huge rock gives shade to weary people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/03.md b/isa/32/03.md index f3c623f810..1fb996cf98 100644 --- a/isa/32/03.md +++ b/isa/32/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these phrases emphasize that the leaders will enable the people to under # will not be dim "will see clearly" - diff --git a/isa/32/04.md b/isa/32/04.md index e9fa48025b..c889006d5e 100644 --- a/isa/32/04.md +++ b/isa/32/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah continues describing the people after God restores righteous rulers in Ju # The rash ... the stutterer This refers to people who act rashly and people who stutter. Alternate translation: "The rash person ... the stuttering person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/05.md b/isa/32/05.md index 45af187f27..5377b7d7bc 100644 --- a/isa/32/05.md +++ b/isa/32/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one will give hono # nor the deceiver called principled This can be stated in active form. "The deceiver" refers to a person who is deceptive. Alternate translation: "nor will anyone show respect to the person who deceives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/06.md b/isa/32/06.md index 621c88ce18..eb4a0388f2 100644 --- a/isa/32/06.md +++ b/isa/32/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "he" refers to the foolish person. # the thirsty he causes to lack drink "The thirsty" refers to people who are thirsty. Alternate translation: "he causes the thirsty person to have nothing to drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/07.md b/isa/32/07.md index f4baeafcee..49adc4d56a 100644 --- a/isa/32/07.md +++ b/isa/32/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to a person who deceives others. Alternate translation: "The decepti # to destroy the poor with deceitful words "The poor" refers to poor people. Also, the phrase "to destroy" does not means to kill them but to harm them by telling lies about them. Alternate translation: "to harm the poor people by telling lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/08.md b/isa/32/08.md index 3a7e5ac3a6..cc97036138 100644 --- a/isa/32/08.md +++ b/isa/32/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will stand This means that he will be successful. Alternate translation: "he will be successful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/09.md b/isa/32/09.md index 975d71abea..2f2ffcb2f1 100644 --- a/isa/32/09.md +++ b/isa/32/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Isaiah refers to himself by his voice to emphasize what he says. Alternate trans # give ear to my word The phrase "give ear" is a metonym for listening with the ear, and it implies that the hearer is to obey a command or act in accordance with what he learns. Alternate translation: "listen to what I am saying and prepare to act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/10.md b/isa/32/10.md index 319ac9e845..6822c73df0 100644 --- a/isa/32/10.md +++ b/isa/32/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that there would not be good grapes to harvest. Alternate translation # the ingathering will not come "the time for gathering crops will not happen" - diff --git a/isa/32/11.md b/isa/32/11.md index 8cab11afc4..82c1140fe4 100644 --- a/isa/32/11.md +++ b/isa/32/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "bare" does not necessarily mean naked, but to wear minimal covering such a # gird your loins with sackcloth The girding of loins with sackcloth is an act of grieving or mourning. "Gird your loins" is also a metonym, a command to prepare for work or battle, so this is an ironic way of emphasizing how miserable the people will be. Alternate translation: "put sackcloth around waists as you grieve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/12.md b/isa/32/12.md index db9d3f2c3a..3e27f67665 100644 --- a/isa/32/12.md +++ b/isa/32/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will wail for the pleasant fields, for the fruitful vines This means that they will cry out loudly as they grieve what happens to their fruitful fields and vines. Alternate translation: "You will wail because of what happens to your pleasant fields and fruitful vines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/13.md b/isa/32/13.md index 7a8ebabb9d..94fb291fb6 100644 --- a/isa/32/13.md +++ b/isa/32/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the houses are described as joyful because of the joyful people in them. Al # the jubilant city Here the city is described as joyful because of the joyful people in it. Alternate translation: "your city where you were joyful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/14.md b/isa/32/14.md index 46b234676a..8ac82fc351 100644 --- a/isa/32/14.md +++ b/isa/32/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means the these animals will enjoy the grass that grows among the abandon f # forever This is an exaggeration for a very long time. Alternate translation: "an extremely long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/15.md b/isa/32/15.md index 3f66a4f399..5c161025e5 100644 --- a/isa/32/15.md +++ b/isa/32/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here heaven is referred to as "on high." Alternate translation: "from heaven" (S # the fruitful field is considered as a forest This can be written in active form. This compares how overly bountiful the fruitful fields are by comparing them to a thick, dense forest. Alternate translation: "people will say that the fruitful fields have grown thick like a forest" or "the fruitful fields will be overly bountiful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/16.md b/isa/32/16.md index ef3aee6715..7d5bec55ea 100644 --- a/isa/32/16.md +++ b/isa/32/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah continues speaking. # justice will reside ... righteousness will live Isaiah describes "justice" and "righteousness" as a person who lives in these places. This means the people who live in these places will do what is just and right. Alternate translation: "people will act justly in the wilderness and people will act righteously in the fertile fields (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/17.md b/isa/32/17.md index 37603daeca..a9d4b264ee 100644 --- a/isa/32/17.md +++ b/isa/32/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The work of righteousness will be peace; and the result of righteousness, quietness and confidence forever These two phrases are parallel and both give results of righteousness. These can be combined. Alternate translation: "The result of people acting righteously is that there will be peace, and quietness, and confidence forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/18.md b/isa/32/18.md index 12648318b6..6b3082ed51 100644 --- a/isa/32/18.md +++ b/isa/32/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # habitation place where people live - diff --git a/isa/32/19.md b/isa/32/19.md index c82f799faf..85ccc51c01 100644 --- a/isa/32/19.md +++ b/isa/32/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 28:2](../28/02.md). # hail flattens the forest and the city is completely brought down This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "hail destroys the forest and completely destroys the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/20.md b/isa/32/20.md index faa5eb192e..132ee25d39 100644 --- a/isa/32/20.md +++ b/isa/32/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will be blessed when you sow your seed beside every stream and let the foot of the ox and donkey range free This can be stated in active form. This refers to Yahweh blessing all of his people and speaks of the things that are normal for his people to do. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will bless you when you plant your crops in fields alongside the streams and as you send out your ox and donkey to graze in the pasture" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/32/intro.md b/isa/32/intro.md index d9f9de8a38..847bc35462 100644 --- a/isa/32/intro.md +++ b/isa/32/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 32 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Reign of the Messiah -#### Reign of the Messiah This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah wi * __[Isaiah 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/33/01.md b/isa/33/01.md index e290a4935a..9fa778e816 100644 --- a/isa/33/01.md +++ b/isa/33/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "others will destroy y # they will betray "others will betray" - diff --git a/isa/33/02.md b/isa/33/02.md index 89a7d07ce4..e85807a2e1 100644 --- a/isa/33/02.md +++ b/isa/33/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This understood verb "be" may be supplied. Also, the word "salvation" may be exp # in the time of trouble This refers to the times when they are experiencing trouble. Alternate translation: "when we have troubles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/03.md b/isa/33/03.md index e128f76691..b8db6bdeae 100644 --- a/isa/33/03.md +++ b/isa/33/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to begin doing something. Alternate translation: "begin acting" (See: # the nations are scattered This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "the nations scatter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/04.md b/isa/33/04.md index 56e444c733..4ccb7a01db 100644 --- a/isa/33/04.md +++ b/isa/33/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your plunder is gathered as the locusts gather; as locusts leap, men leap on it This compares how quick and eager Yahweh's people are when they gather the spoils from their enemies to the eagerness of locusts when they gather food. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Your people gather spoils from your enemies with the same fierceness as the locusts have who devour green plants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/05.md b/isa/33/05.md index 1a7a931c80..66dfe7b85f 100644 --- a/isa/33/05.md +++ b/isa/33/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is greater tha # He will fill Zion with justice and righteousness This speaks of Yahweh ruling Zion with his justice and righteousness as if he were filling Zion with justice and righteousness. Alternate translation: "He will rule Zion with justice and righteousness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/06.md b/isa/33/06.md index 2f8d2b6c4c..dfbf89ca1f 100644 --- a/isa/33/06.md +++ b/isa/33/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the things that Yahweh will give to them. The abstract noun "salv # the fear of Yahweh is his treasure This speaks of fearing Yahweh as if it were a treasure that Yahweh gives his people. Alternate translation: "revering Yahweh will be like a valuable treasure that he will give to you" or "to fear Yahweh will be as valuable to you as a treasure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/07.md b/isa/33/07.md index 02e5a0dbb2..383c4eb11d 100644 --- a/isa/33/07.md +++ b/isa/33/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ messengers # the ambassadors of peace weep bitterly This means they weep because they do not succeed in making peace. Alternate translation: "the ambassadors who hope for peace do not succeed, and so they weep bitterly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/08.md b/isa/33/08.md index abb659fd2e..c1664aeb8e 100644 --- a/isa/33/08.md +++ b/isa/33/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of the phrases emphasize that there are no travelers on the highways. These # Covenants are broken, witnesses are despised, and mankind is not respected This passage may refer to general conditions of corruption in Israel, or it may refer to the nation's inability to make reliable peace treaties with Assyria. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People break covenants that they have made, people ignore the testimony of witnesses, and people do not respect one another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/09.md b/isa/33/09.md index e6887cd9e8..abf55c29ed 100644 --- a/isa/33/09.md +++ b/isa/33/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This compares how dry Sharon is to a desert plain. Alternate translation: "Sharo # Bashan and Carmel shake off their leaves Here Bashan and Carmel are represented by their trees. Alternate translation: "there are no more leaves on the trees in Bashan and Carmel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/10.md b/isa/33/10.md index 02e68c2246..04c4a10f40 100644 --- a/isa/33/10.md +++ b/isa/33/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To arise or stand up is a metaphor for no longer watching and thinking and inste # now I will be lifted up; now I will be elevated This can be stated in active form. These two phrases have basically the same meaning and emphasize Yahweh being exalted. Alternate translation: "now I will exalt myself and show that I deserve for everyone to honor me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/11.md b/isa/33/11.md index 48614c9ece..6a5acd32e7 100644 --- a/isa/33/11.md +++ b/isa/33/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The dry pieces of plants that are left in the ground after the stalks have been # your breath is a fire that will consume you Here the Assyrians' plans are referred to as their "breath." This speaks of their plans causing them to die as if their plans would literally burn up their bodies. Alternate translation: "your plans will cause you to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/12.md b/isa/33/12.md index a92a755e65..7850675402 100644 --- a/isa/33/12.md +++ b/isa/33/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This compares how the peoples' dead bodies will be burned to the way thornbushes # lime the ashes from burned bones - diff --git a/isa/33/13.md b/isa/33/13.md index 91c6f20ad8..51d8244e55 100644 --- a/isa/33/13.md +++ b/isa/33/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak. # You who are far away, hear what I have done; and, you who are near, acknowledge my might Yahweh uses the words "far away" and "near" to mean all people. The word "might" can be expressed with the adjective "mighty." Alternate translation: "All people everywhere hear what I have done and acknowledge that I am mighty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/14.md b/isa/33/14.md index 921d653698..ffdabed24b 100644 --- a/isa/33/14.md +++ b/isa/33/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ live in a place that is not one's home # everlasting burnings "things that never stop burning" - diff --git a/isa/33/15.md b/isa/33/15.md index 0d629745c4..57d32328d8 100644 --- a/isa/33/15.md +++ b/isa/33/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here walking refers to living. Alternate translation: "He who lives" (See: [[rc: # who despises the gain of oppression The noun phrase "the gain of oppression" can be expressed as a verb phrase. Alternate translation: "who hates the riches that come from harming other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/16.md b/isa/33/16.md index c329307758..3b3bc00b7f 100644 --- a/isa/33/16.md +++ b/isa/33/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of rocky areas that are easy to defend as if they were actually fort # will be in steady supply "will always be available" - diff --git a/isa/33/17.md b/isa/33/17.md index 6e7c9b9545..f2c19d7354 100644 --- a/isa/33/17.md +++ b/isa/33/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers the audience by their "eyes." Alternate translation: "You will see . # the king in his beauty The king's royal robes are referred to as "his beauty." Alternate translation: "the king in his beautiful robes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/18.md b/isa/33/18.md index b1bac8e3cb..1c4d30fd42 100644 --- a/isa/33/18.md +++ b/isa/33/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These rhetorical question are asked to emphasize that the Assyrian officials are # weighed the money Money was valuable metal; its value was determined by its weight. - diff --git a/isa/33/19.md b/isa/33/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/33/19.md +++ b/isa/33/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/33/20.md b/isa/33/20.md index aac9d9121e..681d12e429 100644 --- a/isa/33/20.md +++ b/isa/33/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of Zion being secure and well establish as if it were secure tent. T # whose stakes will never be pulled up nor will any of its cords be broken This is part of the metaphor that compares Zion to a secure tent. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whose stakes no one will ever pull up and whose cords no one will ever break" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/21.md b/isa/33/21.md index f4069ffde1..7d53b15fac 100644 --- a/isa/33/21.md +++ b/isa/33/21.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ # There Yahweh in majesty will be with us, in a place of broad rivers and streams Here "us" refers to Isaiah and includes the people of Judah. This speaks of the safety of living with Yahweh as if it were a place that has rivers around it so that enemies cannot attack it. Alternate translation: "Yahweh who is majestic will be with us there, and we will be safe as if we were in a place surrounded by broad rivers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - - diff --git a/isa/33/22.md b/isa/33/22.md index 7c0ecc823b..aea72ca299 100644 --- a/isa/33/22.md +++ b/isa/33/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our ... us This refers to Isaiah and includes the people of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/23.md b/isa/33/23.md index c7dddb317e..67320bca8f 100644 --- a/isa/33/23.md +++ b/isa/33/23.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when they divide the # the lame This refers to people who are cannot walk. Alternate translation: "those who are lame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/24.md b/isa/33/24.md index 2f98241b14..9c5591ccdb 100644 --- a/isa/33/24.md +++ b/isa/33/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people who live there will be forgiven for their iniquity This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive the sins of the people who live there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/33/intro.md b/isa/33/intro.md index 933920c166..758d67b359 100644 --- a/isa/33/intro.md +++ b/isa/33/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Isaiah 33 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter continues the series of "woes." It speaks against ungodly or evil p * __[Isaiah 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/34/01.md b/isa/34/01.md index be77b27f31..1c9db8601c 100644 --- a/isa/34/01.md +++ b/isa/34/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the earth is spoken of as being required to listen to Yahweh to emphasize t # the world and all its produce This is the second of two parallel phrases. The understood words may be supplied in this phrase. Alternate translation: "the world and all things that come from it must listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/02.md b/isa/34/02.md index 466ea7c9b1..2e285162eb 100644 --- a/isa/34/02.md +++ b/isa/34/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he has completely destroyed them, he has handed them over to the slaughter Often prophets speak of things that will happen in the future as if they have already happened. This emphasizes the event will certainly happen. Alternate translation: "he will completely destroy them, he will give them over to the slaughter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/03.md b/isa/34/03.md index 8e3a4a3153..05f52e3475 100644 --- a/isa/34/03.md +++ b/isa/34/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the dead people. Alternate translation: "those who died" (See: [[ # the mountains will soak up their blood "the mountains will be covered in their blood" - diff --git a/isa/34/04.md b/isa/34/04.md index 9b577f7dcc..bc8c36242c 100644 --- a/isa/34/04.md +++ b/isa/34/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. This compares what Yahweh will do to the sky # all their stars will fade away, as the leaf fades from off the vine, and as the overripe figs from the fig tree This emphasizes even the things in the sky that people thought would be there forever will fall as easily as a leaf. Alternate translation: "all the stars will fall from the sky like a leaf falls from a vine or a fig falls from a tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/05.md b/isa/34/05.md index 9ccbdab233..1248413dc9 100644 --- a/isa/34/05.md +++ b/isa/34/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "it" refers to Yahweh's sword. This continues the metaphor about Yahweh # on Edom Edom refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "on the people of Edom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/06.md b/isa/34/06.md index ea727ac86c..c1443f5876 100644 --- a/isa/34/06.md +++ b/isa/34/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "sacrifice" and "slaughter" may be expressed here as verbs. Alternate # Bozrah This is an important city in Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/07.md b/isa/34/07.md index 8603fc7800..0adde8cc9d 100644 --- a/isa/34/07.md +++ b/isa/34/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This describes the amount of blood that will soak into the ground by comparing t # their dust made fat with fatness Here "dust" means the dirt on the ground. This describes the amount of fat that will soak into the dirt by comparing it to a person that has become fat from eating so much animal fat. Alternate translation: "the dirt will be full of the fat of the animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/08.md b/isa/34/08.md index b7bcf8d55d..96c48e6af1 100644 --- a/isa/34/08.md +++ b/isa/34/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "day" is an idiom for a point in time; it is not a literal "day." Alternate # he will pay them back for the cause of Zion This means that he will take revenge on them for how they had previously waged war against the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "he will give them the punishment they deserve for what they had done to the people of Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/09.md b/isa/34/09.md index 5c0bcbe6cc..9f3a402ac0 100644 --- a/isa/34/09.md +++ b/isa/34/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The water and land becoming useless for drinking or growing food because it is b # pitch a thick, black substance that burns for a long time - diff --git a/isa/34/10.md b/isa/34/10.md index 6fa2e6a7fc..5caf62a143 100644 --- a/isa/34/10.md +++ b/isa/34/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means all of the time. Alternate translation: "It will burn throughout the # from generation to generation The phrase "generation to generation" refers to all generations of people who will live in the future. See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 13:20](../13/20.md). Alternate translation: "forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/11.md b/isa/34/11.md index 4f86926778..e62a7f7e1b 100644 --- a/isa/34/11.md +++ b/isa/34/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh as if he were a careful builder as he causes destruction i # measuring line ... plumbline These are builders' tools. See how you translated similar words in [Isaiah 28:17](../28/17.md). - diff --git a/isa/34/12.md b/isa/34/12.md index cc553c2a20..60b3648a4a 100644 --- a/isa/34/12.md +++ b/isa/34/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all her princes will be nothing This exaggerates the princes losing their royal status by saying that they will become nothing. Alternate translation: "all her princes will no longer rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/13.md b/isa/34/13.md index e4db47bccc..1e54065091 100644 --- a/isa/34/13.md +++ b/isa/34/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this animal the same as you did in [Isaiah 13:22](../13/22 # ostriches Translate the name of this animal the same as you did in [Isaiah 13:21](../13/21.md). - diff --git a/isa/34/14.md b/isa/34/14.md index 8ceae4de4b..33e001ee16 100644 --- a/isa/34/14.md +++ b/isa/34/14.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ Translate this the same as you did in [Isaiah 13:21](../13/21.md). # hyenas + Translate the name of this animal as you did in [Isaiah 13:22](../13/22.md). # Nocturnal animals animals that are awake and active at night - diff --git a/isa/34/15.md b/isa/34/15.md index d8aaa213cb..1ca197cc81 100644 --- a/isa/34/15.md +++ b/isa/34/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate this word the same as you did in [Isaiah 13:21](../13/21.md). # hawks birds that kill small animals for food - diff --git a/isa/34/16.md b/isa/34/16.md index badf407a1b..0b54d44711 100644 --- a/isa/34/16.md +++ b/isa/34/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "the scroll of Yahweh" means that it contains the messages spoken by # for his mouth has commanded it Yahweh is referred to by his "mouth" to emphasize what he has said. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh has commanded it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/17.md b/isa/34/17.md index 063d728dc1..b25afb238a 100644 --- a/isa/34/17.md +++ b/isa/34/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the way that people measured things in biblical times. Alternate # from generation to generation they will The phrase "generation to generation" refers to all generations of people who will live in the future. See how you translated the phrase "from generation to generation" in [Isaiah 13:20](../13/20.md). Alternate translation: "forever they will" or "they will always" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/34/intro.md b/isa/34/intro.md index a36c00ea5a..b3b7fef6fb 100644 --- a/isa/34/intro.md +++ b/isa/34/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # Isaiah 34 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Destruction -#### Destruction There are many images used in this chapter which describe destruction. Here each of these metaphors describes complete destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Prophecy +### Prophecy This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah wi * __[Isaiah 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/35/01.md b/isa/35/01.md index c5e9ec37bb..5c712c3de0 100644 --- a/isa/35/01.md +++ b/isa/35/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have basically the same meaning. These places are described as # blossom This speaks of the plants in the desert blossoming as if the desert itself were blossoming. Alternate translation: "its plants will blossom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/35/02.md b/isa/35/02.md index 6c0e916927..2fe3f59978 100644 --- a/isa/35/02.md +++ b/isa/35/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh making the desert look beautiful as Carmel and Sharon as i # the glory of Yahweh, the splendor of our God These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Yahweh's appearance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/35/03.md b/isa/35/03.md index cf2e009c72..f0434df2a6 100644 --- a/isa/35/03.md +++ b/isa/35/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah is speaking to the people of Judah. # Strengthen the weak hands, and make steady the knees that shake. The words "weak hands" and "knees that shake" represent a person who is fearful. Alternate translation: "Strengthen those whose hands are weak and whose knees shake from fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/35/04.md b/isa/35/04.md index 7a14310269..290543a4a8 100644 --- a/isa/35/04.md +++ b/isa/35/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is used here to draw the listeners' attention to what is said next. Alterna # your God will come with vengeance, with the recompense of God This can be reworded so that the abstract nouns "vengeance" and "recompense" are expressed as the verb "punish." The words "vengeance" and "recompense" mean the same thing and emphasize that God will punish Judah's enemies. Alternate translation: "your God will punish your enemies for what they have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/35/05.md b/isa/35/05.md index 1f01c9c456..54a3bc3918 100644 --- a/isa/35/05.md +++ b/isa/35/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These verses begin a description of the glorious future for God's people. # the ears of the deaf will hear "The deaf" refers to people who cannot hear. They are referred to by their "ears" to emphasize their healing. Alternate translation: "deaf people will hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/35/06.md b/isa/35/06.md index de6a109cde..b1e5f82b4e 100644 --- a/isa/35/06.md +++ b/isa/35/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to people who cannot speak. They are referred to by their "tongues" # streams in the wilderness The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: "streams will flow in the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/35/07.md b/isa/35/07.md index 7fd0f98114..eb7bd49818 100644 --- a/isa/35/07.md +++ b/isa/35/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 13:22](../13/22.md). # reeds and rushes These are plants that grow in wet areas. - diff --git a/isa/35/08.md b/isa/35/08.md index b01cf2360f..ec3b88956e 100644 --- a/isa/35/08.md +++ b/isa/35/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to unclean people. A person who God considers spiritually unacceptab # him who walks in it This is an idiom. Here "walking" refers to "living." This refers to the person who lives a holy life. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "who lives in the holy way" or "who lives a holy life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/35/09.md b/isa/35/09.md index 7f8168f7ee..ea729c6c04 100644 --- a/isa/35/09.md +++ b/isa/35/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will find them # the redeemed This refers to people who God has redeemed. Alternate translation: "those who are redeemed" or "those who God has redeemed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/35/10.md b/isa/35/10.md index 6a2e944af5..81c36a17f7 100644 --- a/isa/35/10.md +++ b/isa/35/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of the people being overwhelmed by gladness and joy by giving these # sorrow and sighing will flee away This speaks of the people no longer being sorrowful and sighing by giving these emotions the human ability to run away. Alternate translation: "they will no longer be sorrowful and sighing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/35/intro.md b/isa/35/intro.md index 362324b868..306b1c2e68 100644 --- a/isa/35/intro.md +++ b/isa/35/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 35 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Reign of the Messiah -#### Reign of the Messiah This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah wi * __[Isaiah 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/36/01.md b/isa/36/01.md index c35f0c9ba4..001b63462c 100644 --- a/isa/36/01.md +++ b/isa/36/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of the king of Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-na # Sennacherib ... attacked all the fortified cities Here Sennacherib represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "Sennacherib and his army ... attacked all the fortified cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/02.md b/isa/36/02.md index f1c0035576..262272258d 100644 --- a/isa/36/02.md +++ b/isa/36/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is the proper name by which the people called the # the launderers' field Launderer are either 1) men who wash wool that someone has cut from the sheep, "wool washers field," or 2) women who wash dirty clothes, "clothes washers field." See how you translated this in [Isaiah 7:3](../07/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/03.md b/isa/36/03.md index f83b49bed8..add9ed73e4 100644 --- a/isa/36/03.md +++ b/isa/36/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Isaiah 22:15](../22/15.md). (See: [[r # Asaph ... Joah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/04.md b/isa/36/04.md index ca26f7d473..80f0f7fc82 100644 --- a/isa/36/04.md +++ b/isa/36/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What is the source of your confidence? The king of Assyria uses this question to challenge Hezekiah and to say that he does not have a good source for confidence. This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You have no reliable source for your confidence." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/05.md b/isa/36/05.md index 679e606569..37f3c54621 100644 --- a/isa/36/05.md +++ b/isa/36/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Now in whom are you trusting? Who has given you courage to rebel against me? The king of Assyria uses questions to ridicule Hezekiah for believing he has the strength to rebel. This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No matter in whom you trust, you will not have the courage to rebel against me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/06.md b/isa/36/06.md index 4330e406ec..cadf82eb4d 100644 --- a/isa/36/06.md +++ b/isa/36/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A reed is the long, thin stem of a plant like tall grass. If it is splintered or # walking staff This is a stick that someone would use for support when walking, made of whatever kind of tree limb that is found along the way. - diff --git a/isa/36/07.md b/isa/36/07.md index 77090d3226..ec0eca6921 100644 --- a/isa/36/07.md +++ b/isa/36/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king of Assyria uses this question to ridicule the people and to imply that # has said to Judah and to Jerusalem, "You must worship before this altar in Jerusalem"? This can be written as an indirect quote. "Judah" and "Jerusalem" refer to the people who live in them. Alternate translation: "has told the people of Judah and Jerusalem that they must worship only at this altar in Jerusalem." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/08.md b/isa/36/08.md index 51617c75b1..4cbd38c2a1 100644 --- a/isa/36/08.md +++ b/isa/36/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the king of Assyria's message to Hezekiah by speaking the message # if you are able to find riders for them The chief commander continues to ridicule Hezekiah and his army by implying that he did not have many soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/09.md b/isa/36/09.md index fe0b2ff0fb..60cd994d81 100644 --- a/isa/36/09.md +++ b/isa/36/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the king of Assyria's message to Hezekiah by speaking the message # How could you resist even one captain ... servants? The chief commander continues to ridicule Hezekiah and his army. When he says "you," referring to Hezekiah, he is actually referring to Hezekiah's army. This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Your army could not even defeat one captain ... servants." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/10.md b/isa/36/10.md index 6aa28141c5..38f95e92e4 100644 --- a/isa/36/10.md +++ b/isa/36/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Yahweh" refers to Yahweh's orders. Alternate translation: "without Yahweh' # against this land and destroy it ... Attack this land and destroy it This means to fight against the people and cause destruction in the place where they live. The land referred to here is Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "against this people and destroy their land ... Attack these people and destroy their land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/11.md b/isa/36/11.md index 6d2d80cd5a..dedcf5031f 100644 --- a/isa/36/11.md +++ b/isa/36/11.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [Isaiah 22:20](../22/20.md). See how you translated this man's name in [Isaiah 22:15](../22/15.md). # Joah + See how you translated this man's name in [Isaiah 36:3](./03.md) # chief commander @@ -28,4 +29,3 @@ The idiom "to speak in someone's ear" means to speak where they can hear you. Al # who are on the wall This means that they are standing on the wall. The top of the wall was wide and a place where people could sit or stand. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "who are standing on the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/12.md b/isa/36/12.md index a5f89ec219..448ee877d7 100644 --- a/isa/36/12.md +++ b/isa/36/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The chief commander uses this question to emphasize his insult. This can be writ # will have to eat their own dung and drink their own urine with you This is a very offensive statement. He is implying that they will need to eat these things because they will have nothing else to eat because their city will be under attack. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "will soon need to eat their own dung and drink their own urine, just as you will, because you will have nothing else to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/13.md b/isa/36/13.md index 97411c7392..e1b8013540 100644 --- a/isa/36/13.md +++ b/isa/36/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the chief commander See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 36:2](../36/02.md). - diff --git a/isa/36/14.md b/isa/36/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/36/14.md +++ b/isa/36/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/36/15.md b/isa/36/15.md index 8850e09232..e8777c108d 100644 --- a/isa/36/15.md +++ b/isa/36/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will not give # the hand of the king The king's "hand" refers to his "control." Alternate translation: "the control of the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/16.md b/isa/36/16.md index bcc20be39c..9b2c054d15 100644 --- a/isa/36/16.md +++ b/isa/36/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means to agree officially to act peacefully towards one another. Alte # come out to me This idiom means to surrender. Alternate translation: "surrender to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/17.md b/isa/36/17.md index 5b7ca03c7a..8426183020 100644 --- a/isa/36/17.md +++ b/isa/36/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrase have the same meaning and are used together to emphasize how pr # a land of grain ... a land of bread This means that they land is full of natural resources, such as grain. Alternate translation: "a land where there is plenty of grain ... a land where there is plenty of bread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/18.md b/isa/36/18.md index dec59c8a83..b84c097fe7 100644 --- a/isa/36/18.md +++ b/isa/36/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The chief commander uses this question to ridicule the people of Judah. This que # the hand of the king The king's control is referred to as his "hand." Alternate translation: "the control of the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/19.md b/isa/36/19.md index 5222ca1cdb..614eb6224f 100644 --- a/isa/36/19.md +++ b/isa/36/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the names of these cities the same as you did in [Isaiah 10:9](../10/0 # Sepharvaim This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/20.md b/isa/36/20.md index 9877817a10..710b313f81 100644 --- a/isa/36/20.md +++ b/isa/36/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The chief commander uses this question to ridicule the people of Judah. This que # his land This refers to the people who live in the land. Alternate translation: "his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/21.md b/isa/36/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/36/21.md +++ b/isa/36/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/36/22.md b/isa/36/22.md index e36049b626..95ad8da83c 100644 --- a/isa/36/22.md +++ b/isa/36/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means that he was in charge of the affairs of the palace household. A # with their clothes torn Hezekiah's officials tore their clothes as a sign of mourning and distress. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "with their clothes torn because they were extremely distressed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/isa/36/intro.md b/isa/36/intro.md index 6d1b57616f..fccd6b49c6 100644 --- a/isa/36/intro.md +++ b/isa/36/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 36 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The previous chapters have been constructed as prophecy and contain many poetic elements. This chapter switches to a narrative and is a discussion between the officials from Assyria and Judah. To make the meaning clear here, it may be helpful to set apart the extended quotations by setting them farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Trust +### Trust The people of Judah were to trust in Yahweh because only he could provide them with protection. The people of Jerusalem were protected because they trusted in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions The Assyrian commanders use rhetorical questions in this chapter to mock or insult Judah and their God, Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The Assyrian commanders use rhetorical questions in this chapter to mock or insu * __[Isaiah 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../35/intro.md) | [>>](../37/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/37/01.md b/isa/37/01.md index cf92ac9f53..b581e96e3c 100644 --- a/isa/37/01.md +++ b/isa/37/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # he tore his clothes, covered himself with sackcloth This is a sign of mourning and distress. Alternate translation: "he tore his clothes and covered himself with sackcloth because he was very distressed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/02.md b/isa/37/02.md index a0d4d4e011..9cec82b5a0 100644 --- a/isa/37/02.md +++ b/isa/37/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that means that he was in charge of the affairs of the palace h # all covered with sackcloth This is a sign of mourning and distress. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/03.md b/isa/37/03.md index 33005653a8..f0ae070c7d 100644 --- a/isa/37/03.md +++ b/isa/37/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # like when a child is ready to be born, but the mother has no strength to give birth to her child This comparison is made to emphasizes that they are in a time of extreme difficulty. Alternate translation: "It is as terrible as the day when a child is ready to be born, but the mother has no strength to give birth to her child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/04.md b/isa/37/04.md index 32cc8d495c..82616449aa 100644 --- a/isa/37/04.md +++ b/isa/37/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Praying to Yahweh is described this way to emphasize that Yahweh is in heaven. A # for the remnant that is still here This refers to the people who are left in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "for the few of us that are still here" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/05.md b/isa/37/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/37/05.md +++ b/isa/37/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/37/06.md b/isa/37/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/37/06.md +++ b/isa/37/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/37/07.md b/isa/37/07.md index 1044ee7eaf..62ee02d9d3 100644 --- a/isa/37/07.md +++ b/isa/37/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to draw the peoples' attention to what is said next. Alte # I will cause him to fall by the sword in his own land The phrase "fall by the sword" is an idiom that means that his enemy will kill him with a sword. Alternate translation: "And there in his own land, I will cause his enemies to kill him with their swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/08.md b/isa/37/08.md index edbed69292..49512b6907 100644 --- a/isa/37/08.md +++ b/isa/37/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this city in [Isaiah 36:2](../36/02.md). (See # Libnah This is a city in southern Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/09.md b/isa/37/09.md index 7c67c445fa..86d997b611 100644 --- a/isa/37/09.md +++ b/isa/37/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Isaiah 36:1](../36/01.md). (See: [[rc # to fight against him The word "him" represents Sennacherib. Here Sennacherib represents his army. Alternate translation: "to fight against the army of Sennacherib" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/10.md b/isa/37/10.md index 8948cabe31..dd56c29cf8 100644 --- a/isa/37/10.md +++ b/isa/37/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jerusalem will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria This can be stated in active form. The word "hand" refers to the king's military power. Alternate translation: "The king of Assyria and his army will not conquer you in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/11.md b/isa/37/11.md index 47fa4e1638..96e574f60f 100644 --- a/isa/37/11.md +++ b/isa/37/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "see" here is used to add emphasis to what is said next. Alternate tran # So will you be rescued? The king of Assyria uses this question to ridicule Hezekiah and his army. This may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "So you too will not be saved." or "So of course no one will rescue you either!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/12.md b/isa/37/12.md index 4a8e8dca19..02a934adc9 100644 --- a/isa/37/12.md +++ b/isa/37/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These men destroyed the cities listed by conquering them with their armies. Here # Gozan ... Haran ... Rezeph ... Eden ... Tel Assar These are places that the Assyrians had conquered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/13.md b/isa/37/13.md index b3253d9384..57b4e74f84 100644 --- a/isa/37/13.md +++ b/isa/37/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king of Assyria uses this question to ridicule Hezekiah and his army. This m # Hamath ... Arpad ... Sepharvaim Translate the names of these cities the same as you did in [Isaiah 36:19](../36/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/14.md b/isa/37/14.md index cb826ad948..33691a3c38 100644 --- a/isa/37/14.md +++ b/isa/37/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The house of Yahweh was at the highest place in Jerusalem, so it is spoken of as # spread it before him "spread out the letter in front of Yahweh." Being in the house of Yahweh is considered the same as being in Yahweh's presence. The letter was a scroll that could be unrolled and spread out. - diff --git a/isa/37/15.md b/isa/37/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/37/15.md +++ b/isa/37/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/37/16.md b/isa/37/16.md index 3a04381345..cfb499088e 100644 --- a/isa/37/16.md +++ b/isa/37/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom means to have authority and to rule over all the kingdoms. Alternate # You made the heavens and the earth This means that he created everything. Alternate translation: "You made everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/17.md b/isa/37/17.md index 7941058384..c76fffe6d6 100644 --- a/isa/37/17.md +++ b/isa/37/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Hezekiah is referring to the letter from Sennacherib. The meaning of this can be # Sennacherib See how you translated this man's name in [Isaiah 36:1](../36/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/18.md b/isa/37/18.md index bb296a7b53..fd8fa37c40 100644 --- a/isa/37/18.md +++ b/isa/37/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the nations and their lands This is a generalization. The kings had destroyed many of the nearby lands, but not necessarily all lands. Alternate translation: "many of the nations and their lands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/19.md b/isa/37/19.md index 98b66698fb..f56c69d3eb 100644 --- a/isa/37/19.md +++ b/isa/37/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hezekiah continues praying to Yahweh. # for they were not gods but the work of men's hands, just wood and stone This emphasizes that humans made these idols with their own hands and are therefore worthless. Alternate translation: "because they were false gods that men made out of wood and stone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/20.md b/isa/37/20.md index a5b528ee33..e4d36e2277 100644 --- a/isa/37/20.md +++ b/isa/37/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people in the kingdoms. Alternate translation: "all the peopl # you are Yahweh alone "only you, Yahweh, are God" - diff --git a/isa/37/21.md b/isa/37/21.md index 88027aec3b..8ac778d3df 100644 --- a/isa/37/21.md +++ b/isa/37/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sent a message This means that he sent a messenger to give a message to the king. Alternate translation: "sent someone to give a message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/22.md b/isa/37/22.md index d7757124f3..0bf6ecc0d2 100644 --- a/isa/37/22.md +++ b/isa/37/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a gesture of scorn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) # The virgin daughter of Zion ... the daughter of Jerusalem These are idioms. Both of these phrases have the same meaning. The "daughter" of a city means the people who live in the city. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "The people of Zion ... the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/23.md b/isa/37/23.md index 81268f6943..1df96a4a10 100644 --- a/isa/37/23.md +++ b/isa/37/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to speaking loudly as if the person's voice were an object that they # lifted up your eyes in pride This is an idiom that means to look at something pridefully, considering yourself more important that you should. Alternate translation: "looked at pridefully" or "acted pridefully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/24.md b/isa/37/24.md index d42d7e96dd..deda40b0c2 100644 --- a/isa/37/24.md +++ b/isa/37/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here Sennacherib speaks of himself conquering many things. He is actually conque # its most fruitful forest Here the word "fruitful" refers to the forest being dense and full of healthy trees. The understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: "and into its most fruitful forest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/25.md b/isa/37/25.md index ee16712bb2..5692d5c715 100644 --- a/isa/37/25.md +++ b/isa/37/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Sennacherib speaks of himself conquering many things. He is actually conque # I dried up all the rivers of Egypt under the soles of my feet Here Sennachrib is exaggerating his conquest and travels across the rivers of Egypt by claiming to have dried up the rivers when he marched his army through them. Alternate translation: "I have marched through all the rivers of Egypt as if they were dry under my feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/26.md b/isa/37/26.md index 8e1096aef0..4f54d4af74 100644 --- a/isa/37/26.md +++ b/isa/37/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ strong and heavily guarded # I am bringing it to pass The idiom "to bring something to pass" means to cause a specific thing to happen. Alternate translation: "I am causing it to happen" or "I am causing these things to take place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/27.md b/isa/37/27.md index 6857a9cb6b..9748a993a0 100644 --- a/isa/37/27.md +++ b/isa/37/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of how weak and vulnerable the cities are before the Assryian army b # before the east wind The east wind is hot and dry from the desert and plants die when it blows. - diff --git a/isa/37/28.md b/isa/37/28.md index 7e337fdea4..ebb6e578f4 100644 --- a/isa/37/28.md +++ b/isa/37/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to all activities of life. Alternate translation: "I know everything # and your raging against me The word "raging" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "how you rage against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/29.md b/isa/37/29.md index 1b26f51ad2..d82c6c8eff 100644 --- a/isa/37/29.md +++ b/isa/37/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person uses a hook and bit to lead an animal around. This speaks of Yahweh con # I will turn you back the way you came This refers to causing the king to return to his own home country. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "I will force you to return to your own country" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/30.md b/isa/37/30.md index f972b11d18..b4aafdbc85 100644 --- a/isa/37/30.md +++ b/isa/37/30.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This describes what the people will eat. The words "you will eat" are understood # in the third year This refers to the year after the second year. Alternate translation: "the year after that" or "in the following year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/31.md b/isa/37/31.md index 656afe37b0..db1da2ad05 100644 --- a/isa/37/31.md +++ b/isa/37/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Judah's "house" refers to his descendants. Alternate translation: "the desc # will again take root and bear fruit This speaks of the people of Judah becoming prosperous as if they were plants that would root and bear fruit. Alternate translation: "will prosper like a plant that takes root and produces fruit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/32.md b/isa/37/32.md index 92da1ac7b1..372d5a6af6 100644 --- a/isa/37/32.md +++ b/isa/37/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do this This speaks of Yahweh doing something because of his zeal as if his "zeal" were actually doing the action. Alternate translation: "Because of his zeal, Yahweh of hosts will do this" or "Yahweh of hosts will do this because of his zeal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/33.md b/isa/37/33.md index bc6364e7ed..85edadd5ee 100644 --- a/isa/37/33.md +++ b/isa/37/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the Assyrian king refers to both him and his army. Alternate translation: " # siege ramp a large mound of dirt built against the wall of a city that better enables an army to attach the city - diff --git a/isa/37/34.md b/isa/37/34.md index f9a92ca74d..f9b54d0da6 100644 --- a/isa/37/34.md +++ b/isa/37/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the Assyrian king refers to both him and his army. Alternate translation: " # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Translate as in [Isaiah 30:1](../30/01.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/35.md b/isa/37/35.md index b6646786b5..0d0a7475ac 100644 --- a/isa/37/35.md +++ b/isa/37/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # for my own sake and for the sake of David my servant "so that things will be better for me and for my servant David" - diff --git a/isa/37/36.md b/isa/37/36.md index be0a9a0fde..9ce81d9238 100644 --- a/isa/37/36.md +++ b/isa/37/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom means to kill. Alternate translation: "killing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # 185,000 soldiers "one hundred and eighty-five thousand soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/37.md b/isa/37/37.md index a43387378e..962c3f3688 100644 --- a/isa/37/37.md +++ b/isa/37/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Sennacherib refers to both him and his army. They all left Israel and retur # Sennacherib See how you translated this man's name in [Isaiah 36:1](../36/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/37/38.md b/isa/37/38.md index eb6dfac88e..8a10fd146c 100644 --- a/isa/37/38.md +++ b/isa/37/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # with the sword "with their swords" - diff --git a/isa/37/intro.md b/isa/37/intro.md index d30f6db06e..8f0383695f 100644 --- a/isa/37/intro.md +++ b/isa/37/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Isaiah 37 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 37:22-38. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Tearing clothes and putting on sackcloth -#### Tearing clothes and putting on sackcloth This was a sign of great distress. While it is often accompanies repentance, in this chapter it is intended to show the king's anger at the blasphemy of the Assyrians when they spoke against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]]) -#### Prayer +### Prayer + Hezekiah was different from the other kings because when he was threatened by Assyria, he went to Yahweh in prayer. He did not trust in his army or make an alliance with Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Hezekiah was different from the other kings because when he was threatened by As * __[Isaiah 37:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../36/intro.md) | [>>](../38/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/38/01.md b/isa/38/01.md index ed24b145b4..13e7394615 100644 --- a/isa/38/01.md +++ b/isa/38/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Set your house in order This means to prepare your family and those in charge of your affairs so that they know what to do after you die. This can be written clearly. Alternate translation: "You should tell the people in your palace what you want them to do after you die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/02.md b/isa/38/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/38/02.md +++ b/isa/38/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/38/03.md b/isa/38/03.md index 382a79be62..c3b178d4ca 100644 --- a/isa/38/03.md +++ b/isa/38/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the "heart" refers to the inner-being which represents a person's complete # what was good in your sight The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "what pleases you" or "what you consider to be good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/04.md b/isa/38/04.md index cd1eef6e0a..f540bdc311 100644 --- a/isa/38/04.md +++ b/isa/38/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/05.md b/isa/38/05.md index e2c796feb8..4509fdee1a 100644 --- a/isa/38/05.md +++ b/isa/38/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is used to ask the listener to pay attention to what is said next. Alternat # fifteen years "15 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/06.md b/isa/38/06.md index 7d423c41e7..23872e54f0 100644 --- a/isa/38/06.md +++ b/isa/38/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hand of the king of Assyria Here the king's "hand" refers to his power. Alternate translation: "the power of the king of Assyria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/07.md b/isa/38/07.md index 051522a3e8..c6cdc44eb2 100644 --- a/isa/38/07.md +++ b/isa/38/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Hezekiah. - diff --git a/isa/38/08.md b/isa/38/08.md index 97efbc4b69..d3ff6d8893 100644 --- a/isa/38/08.md +++ b/isa/38/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this word to draw the listener's attention to what is said next. Alt # stairs of Ahaz These stairs are referred to this way because they were built while Ahaz was king. You can make this information clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/09.md b/isa/38/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/38/09.md +++ b/isa/38/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/38/10.md b/isa/38/10.md index 94683f6844..335a1e5e75 100644 --- a/isa/38/10.md +++ b/isa/38/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of dying as if Sheol were a kingdom that has gates that one enters. # I am sent there for the rest of my years This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "before I have lived all of my years I will go to the grave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/11.md b/isa/38/11.md index 0c67bd6ce5..5c5529a640 100644 --- a/isa/38/11.md +++ b/isa/38/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the land of the living "The living" refers to people who are alive. Alternate translation: "in the land where people are alive" or "in this world where people are alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/12.md b/isa/38/12.md index 666d7d6866..21c1adfa29 100644 --- a/isa/38/12.md +++ b/isa/38/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "you" is singular and refers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # loom a device used to weave thread together to make cloth - diff --git a/isa/38/13.md b/isa/38/13.md index 5be40ac823..6a3cac4205 100644 --- a/isa/38/13.md +++ b/isa/38/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like a lion he breaks all my bones Hezekiah speaks of how he is in extreme pain by comparing it to having his body torn apart by lions. Alternate translation: "my pain was as though I were being torn apart by lions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/14.md b/isa/38/14.md index a922deadb8..05aca962d5 100644 --- a/isa/38/14.md +++ b/isa/38/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to Hezekiah looking to heaven for God to help him. The full meaning # I am oppressed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My sickness oppresses me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/15.md b/isa/38/15.md index 01b45f40d4..b566f973ca 100644 --- a/isa/38/15.md +++ b/isa/38/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the rest of his life. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alte # because of the bitterness of my soul The word "soul" is a metonym for the whole person. The phrase "bitterness of my soul" is an idiom for being very sad. Alternate translation: "because I am very sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/16.md b/isa/38/16.md index 23eea034e6..f85836cd90 100644 --- a/isa/38/16.md +++ b/isa/38/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hezekiah continues his written prayer. # may my life be given back to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may you give my life back to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/17.md b/isa/38/17.md index 59843bff78..a10519fb3a 100644 --- a/isa/38/17.md +++ b/isa/38/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hezekiah did not die but he was close to dying. This refers Yahweh saving him fr # for you have thrown all my sins behind your back Hezekiah speaks of Yahweh forgiving his sins as if they were objects that Yahweh threw behind himself and forgot about. Alternate translation: "for you have forgiven all my sins and no longer think about them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/18.md b/isa/38/18.md index 3bb36ede3f..704d2b8e68 100644 --- a/isa/38/18.md +++ b/isa/38/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Sheol" and "death" refer to "dead people." Alternate translation: "For tho # do not hope in your trustworthiness "do not have hope in your faithfulness." Here "your" is singular and refers to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/19.md b/isa/38/19.md index 1fc1ce363e..a7f9eb3b79 100644 --- a/isa/38/19.md +++ b/isa/38/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The living person, the living person Hezekiah repeats this phrase to emphasize that only a living person, not a dead person, can give thanks to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/20.md b/isa/38/20.md index e58745cc70..5ff473f684 100644 --- a/isa/38/20.md +++ b/isa/38/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to him being saved from dying. It can be made more explicit. Alterna # we will celebrate Here "we" refers to Hezekiah and the people of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/isa/38/21.md b/isa/38/21.md index bdf5ddc418..b5d3048554 100644 --- a/isa/38/21.md +++ b/isa/38/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was used as an ointment. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate t # boil a painful area on the skin that is infected - diff --git a/isa/38/22.md b/isa/38/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/38/22.md +++ b/isa/38/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/38/intro.md b/isa/38/intro.md index 14dff303ea..daaff7f463 100644 --- a/isa/38/intro.md +++ b/isa/38/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Isaiah 38 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 38:10-20. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Poetry -This chapter is written as a narrative, but the section including Hezekiah's prayer is written as poetry. The tone of this prayer shifts from sorrow to praise. +### Poetry + +This chapter is written as a narrative, but the section including Hezekiah's prayer is written as poetry. The tone of this prayer shifts from sorrow to praise. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 38:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../37/intro.md) | [>>](../39/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/39/01.md b/isa/39/01.md index 2d82b6b115..6b67a2a91b 100644 --- a/isa/39/01.md +++ b/isa/39/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Marduk-Baladan ... Baladan These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/39/02.md b/isa/39/02.md index 681cf22b3c..bbb95689bf 100644 --- a/isa/39/02.md +++ b/isa/39/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everything that was i # There was nothing in his house, nor in all his kingdom, that Hezekiah did not show them This is a generalization, as Hezekiah probably showed them everything that the writer thought was important, but not absolutely everything. Also, this can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "Hezekiah showed them every important thing in his house and in his kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/isa/39/03.md b/isa/39/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/39/03.md +++ b/isa/39/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/39/04.md b/isa/39/04.md index 73679bc266..94b54474a9 100644 --- a/isa/39/04.md +++ b/isa/39/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a generalization, as Hezekiah showed them many things, but not necessari # There is nothing among my valuable things that I have not shown them This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "I showed them all the valuable things in my palace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/isa/39/05.md b/isa/39/05.md index 8f390721c3..93651e728c 100644 --- a/isa/39/05.md +++ b/isa/39/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # the word "the message" - diff --git a/isa/39/06.md b/isa/39/06.md index 625637ba08..27f5d13605 100644 --- a/isa/39/06.md +++ b/isa/39/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to draw Hezekiah's attention to what is said next. Altern # when everything in your palace ... will be carried to Babylon This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "when the enemy army will take everything in your palace ... back to Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/39/07.md b/isa/39/07.md index 51c37070ca..7f7c49ce3f 100644 --- a/isa/39/07.md +++ b/isa/39/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah continues to speak Yahweh's message to Hezekiah. # your own descendants, whom you will father Hezekiah was really the ancestor, not the father, of the generation that Yahweh sent to Babylon. Yahweh uses this hyperbolic metaphor to emphasize that Hezekiah should be as sad to know that his distant descendants would go to Babylon as he would be if it were his own son. Alternate translation: "your descendants, whom you should love as your own sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/39/08.md b/isa/39/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/39/08.md +++ b/isa/39/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/39/intro.md b/isa/39/intro.md index 5321b6be39..364fc509ff 100644 --- a/isa/39/intro.md +++ b/isa/39/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Isaiah 39 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Pride -#### Pride Although it is not said why it was sinful for Hezekiah to show the king of Babylon his riches, the sin was probably because of his pride. It can be viewed as bragging to another king about how rich and powerful he was without giving proper credit to Yahweh. Because of this sin, Yahweh punished him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Babylon -At this time, Babylon was not very powerful, but was little more than a city. In a short time, however, Babylon became a very powerful nation and conquered Assyria. +### Babylon + +At this time, Babylon was not very powerful, but was little more than a city. In a short time, however, Babylon became a very powerful nation and conquered Assyria. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 39:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../38/intro.md) | [>>](../40/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/40/01.md b/isa/40/01.md index f1f0c92e8f..dec405cd93 100644 --- a/isa/40/01.md +++ b/isa/40/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "comfort" is repeated for emphasis. # says your God Here "your" is plural and refers to those whom the prophet tells to comfort God's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/02.md b/isa/40/02.md index 1966afc054..6c8a90b280 100644 --- a/isa/40/02.md +++ b/isa/40/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has pardoned h # from Yahweh's hand Here the word "hand" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "from Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/03.md b/isa/40/03.md index ae83999a77..b9c200ea4a 100644 --- a/isa/40/03.md +++ b/isa/40/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two lines are parallel and mean basically the same thing. The people prepa # Arabah See how you translated this word in [Isaiah 35:1](../35/01.md). - diff --git a/isa/40/04.md b/isa/40/04.md index 56851a6dce..8fe623f5c2 100644 --- a/isa/40/04.md +++ b/isa/40/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These phrases explain how the people are to prepare a highway for Yahweh. They c # and the rough places a plain The words "will be made" are understood from the context. Alternate translation: "and the rough places will be made a plain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/05.md b/isa/40/05.md index 61cf05fb31..669b35e695 100644 --- a/isa/40/05.md +++ b/isa/40/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will reveal hi # for the mouth of Yahweh has spoken it The word "mouth" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh has spoken it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/06.md b/isa/40/06.md index 73cc45ea06..d94c976b58 100644 --- a/isa/40/06.md +++ b/isa/40/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The speaker compares the covenant faithfulness of people to flowers that bloom a # covenant faithfulness Possible meanings are 1) covenant faithfulness or 2) beauty. - diff --git a/isa/40/07.md b/isa/40/07.md index 64d33247cd..3bba4807ab 100644 --- a/isa/40/07.md +++ b/isa/40/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "when Yahweh blows his breath on it" or 2) "when Yahweh # humanity is grass The speaker speaks of humans as if they are grass, because they both die quickly. Alternate translation: "people die as quickly as grass" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/08.md b/isa/40/08.md index 62adf3fc6b..a587f5a993 100644 --- a/isa/40/08.md +++ b/isa/40/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of our God will stand forever The speaker speaks of what God says lasting forever as if his word stands forever. Alternate translation: "the things that our God says will last forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/09.md b/isa/40/09.md index 71ea3c8b18..9c7febe260 100644 --- a/isa/40/09.md +++ b/isa/40/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the people who live in Zion. Alternate translation: "you people o # Jerusalem. You who bring good news The writer speaks of Jerusalem as if it were a messenger who declares good news. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/11.md b/isa/40/11.md index 75026f884b..e93731a70d 100644 --- a/isa/40/11.md +++ b/isa/40/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will feed his flock like a shepherd The writer speaks of Yahweh's people as if they were sheep and of Yahweh as if he were their shepherd. Alternate translation: "He will care for his people like a shepherd feeds his flock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/12.md b/isa/40/12.md index 5537b34892..38882fbb4e 100644 --- a/isa/40/12.md +++ b/isa/40/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh knowing how much dust there is on the earth is spoken of as if he carried # weighed the mountains in scales, or the hills in a balance? Yahweh knowing how heavy the mountains are is spoken of as if he weighed them in scales and balances. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/13.md b/isa/40/13.md index e494d24554..0748debd84 100644 --- a/isa/40/13.md +++ b/isa/40/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question anticipates a negative answer and emphasizes that no on # comprehended the mind of Yahweh Here the word "mind" refers not only to Yahweh's thoughts, but also to his desires and motivations. - diff --git a/isa/40/14.md b/isa/40/14.md index a121089fbb..cc280ae2ec 100644 --- a/isa/40/14.md +++ b/isa/40/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question anticipates a negative answer and emphasizes that no on # Who taught him the correct way to do things, and taught him knowledge, or showed to him the way of understanding? This rhetorical question anticipates a negative answer and emphasizes that no one has ever done these things. Alternate translation: "No one taught him the correct way to do things. No one taught him knowledge. No one showed to him the way of understanding." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/15.md b/isa/40/15.md index a652a7c2f2..48358ac8c3 100644 --- a/isa/40/15.md +++ b/isa/40/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) a drop of water that falls into a bucket or 2) a drop o # are regarded like the dust on the scales This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh regards them as dust on the scales" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/16.md b/isa/40/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/40/16.md +++ b/isa/40/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/40/17.md b/isa/40/17.md index a5c23bc99e..665301d773 100644 --- a/isa/40/17.md +++ b/isa/40/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they are regarded by him as nothing This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he regards them as nothing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/18.md b/isa/40/18.md index 53c559db4c..13fafdffc2 100644 --- a/isa/40/18.md +++ b/isa/40/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah uses two similar questions to emphasize that there is no idol that can co # you This is plural and refers to all of God's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/19.md b/isa/40/19.md index 653efe8722..da4009a242 100644 --- a/isa/40/19.md +++ b/isa/40/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A craftsman casts it: The goldsmith overlays it with gold and forges silver chains for it "A skilled worker forms it, another covers it with gold and makes a silver chain for it" - diff --git a/isa/40/20.md b/isa/40/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/40/20.md +++ b/isa/40/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/40/21.md b/isa/40/21.md index 1305ef0f1c..2fa7664eb8 100644 --- a/isa/40/21.md +++ b/isa/40/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Have people not told # from the foundations of the earth The prophet speaks of Yahweh creating the earth as if the earth were a building for which Yahweh laid the foundation. Alternate translation: "from the time that Yahweh created the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/22.md b/isa/40/22.md index e837a2db1c..00c33f27eb 100644 --- a/isa/40/22.md +++ b/isa/40/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophet compares the way Yahweh considers humans to the way humans would con # He stretches out the heavens like a curtain and spreads them out as a tent to live in These two lines share similar meanings. The prophet speaks of Yahweh creating the heavens as if he had erected a tent in which to live. Alternate translation: "He spreads out the heavens as easily as a person would stretch out a curtain or erect a tent in which to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/23.md b/isa/40/23.md index 83725675c5..d99ea66398 100644 --- a/isa/40/23.md +++ b/isa/40/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # emptiness See how you translated this word in [Isaiah 40:17](../40/17.md) - diff --git a/isa/40/24.md b/isa/40/24.md index e7b18d199b..3a25566514 100644 --- a/isa/40/24.md +++ b/isa/40/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The prophet speaks of Yahweh removing the rulers from power as if Yahweh were a # the wind carries them away like straw This simile extends the metaphor of the rulers as plants and Yahweh as the wind that causes them to wither. The wind of Yahweh's judgement will remove the withered plants as easily as wind blows away straw. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/25.md b/isa/40/25.md index 734e514ee3..6617efed1f 100644 --- a/isa/40/25.md +++ b/isa/40/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # To whom then will you compare me, whom do I resemble? Yahweh uses two similar rhetorical questions to emphasize that there is no one like him. Alternate translation: "There is no one to whom you can compare me. There is no one whom I resemble." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/26.md b/isa/40/26.md index e24b80d424..ace661de69 100644 --- a/isa/40/26.md +++ b/isa/40/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrases "the greatness of his might" and "the strength of his power" form a # not one is missing This negative statement emphasizes the positive. Alternate translation: "every one is present" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/27.md b/isa/40/27.md index 1989953dea..b18a464021 100644 --- a/isa/40/27.md +++ b/isa/40/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh not knowing what happens to them is spoken of as if Yahweh could not see # my God is not concerned about my vindication Possible meanings are 1) "my God is not concerned about others treating me unjustly" or 2) "my God is not concerned about treating me justly." - diff --git a/isa/40/28.md b/isa/40/28.md index ea03bdd3d9..264529c7c0 100644 --- a/isa/40/28.md +++ b/isa/40/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah uses these questions to emphasize that the people should know Yahweh's gr # the ends of the earth The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. Alternate translation: "the farthest places of the earth" or "the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/29.md b/isa/40/29.md index f620a3f74d..d2a445eb03 100644 --- a/isa/40/29.md +++ b/isa/40/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He gives strength "Yahweh gives strength" - diff --git a/isa/40/30.md b/isa/40/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/40/30.md +++ b/isa/40/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/40/31.md b/isa/40/31.md index 8e52327eca..9ba6927fbf 100644 --- a/isa/40/31.md +++ b/isa/40/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People receiving strength from Yahweh is spoken of as if the people were able to # they will run and not be weary; they will walk and not faint These two lines share similar meanings. People receiving strength from Yahweh is spoken of as if they were able to run and walk without tiring. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/40/intro.md b/isa/40/intro.md index 4f74bb32e4..49b55bad2c 100644 --- a/isa/40/intro.md +++ b/isa/40/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ # Isaiah 40 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions Yahweh uses many rhetorical questions in this chapter. These rhetorical questions help to prove the point he is making and convince the reader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "She has received double from Yahweh's hand for all her sins" -#### "She has received double from Yahweh's hand for all her sins" It is common in many languages to use the feminine "she" to refer to a nation, rather than the word "it," which is neither masculine or feminine. The translator should use the pronoun that aligns with the common usage in the target language. Therefore, it is acceptable to use "he," "she," or "it" in reference to a nation. -The phrase "received double" indicates that Jerusalem was punished more severely than the other nations. This is because they had the privilege of a special relationship to Yahweh and had more knowledge than the other nations. +The phrase "received double" indicates that Jerusalem was punished more severely than the other nations. This is because they had the privilege of a special relationship to Yahweh and had more knowledge than the other nations. + +### Reign of Yahweh -#### Reign of Yahweh This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. It does not appear that this prophecy was fulfilled in the days of Isaiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +27,3 @@ This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah wi * __[Isaiah 40:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../39/intro.md) | [>>](../41/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/41/01.md b/isa/41/01.md index 44d6d74e02..7da5d4bf0a 100644 --- a/isa/41/01.md +++ b/isa/41/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 40:31](../40/31.md). # let them come near and speak; let us come near together to argue a dispute These two phrases share similar meanings. The second explains the reason for the first. Alternate translation: "then let them come near so they may speak and reason with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/02.md b/isa/41/02.md index 0a95111503..17e1ee46b3 100644 --- a/isa/41/02.md +++ b/isa/41/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he is the one who caused this ruler # He turns them to dust with his sword, like windblown stubble with his bow Turning them to dust and stubble is a metaphor or exaggeration for completely destroying everything the people of these nations have made. The armies of one from the east will conquer these nations and scatter the people easily. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/03.md b/isa/41/03.md index 712b922824..870705f422 100644 --- a/isa/41/03.md +++ b/isa/41/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the coastlands and the nations. # by a swift path that his feet scarcely touch Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor in which he and his army moving very quickly is spoken of as if his feet barely touch the ground. Alternate translation: "by a path on which he moves with great speed" or 2) "feet" represents the whole person and the phrase indicates that this is a path that they have not traveled before. Alternate translation: "by a path that he has never traveled before" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/04.md b/isa/41/04.md index e40d5e8c4c..a4dc86ea08 100644 --- a/isa/41/04.md +++ b/isa/41/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is the o # the first, and with the last ones Possible meanings are 1) that Yahweh existed before creation and will exist at the end of creation or 2) that Yahweh was before the first generation of humanity and will be at the last generation of humanity. - diff --git a/isa/41/05.md b/isa/41/05.md index 1db3a17e17..ee236fb7a5 100644 --- a/isa/41/05.md +++ b/isa/41/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the # they approach and come This doublet means that the people gather together. Alternate translation: "they come together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/06.md b/isa/41/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/41/06.md +++ b/isa/41/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/41/07.md b/isa/41/07.md index 3952d60e0e..bc33d6b495 100644 --- a/isa/41/07.md +++ b/isa/41/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "welding" refers to the process of fastening the gold to the wood # They fasten it with nails so it will not topple over. Here "it" refers to the idol that they have made. - diff --git a/isa/41/08.md b/isa/41/08.md index 47d8d2d3e0..401ba9b383 100644 --- a/isa/41/08.md +++ b/isa/41/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking. - diff --git a/isa/41/09.md b/isa/41/09.md index 5e757b3d85..e7b649824a 100644 --- a/isa/41/09.md +++ b/isa/41/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the # I have chosen you and I have not rejected you These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second states in negative terms what the first states in positive terms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/10.md b/isa/41/10.md index 7dc8d4569a..5cc4793849 100644 --- a/isa/41/10.md +++ b/isa/41/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh strengthening his people is spoken of as if he were holding them with his # my righteous right hand Here "right hand" represents Yahweh's power. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's right hand is righteous in that he will always do the right thing. Alternate translation: "my righteous power" or 2) Yahweh's right hand is victorious in that he will always succeed in what he does. Alternate translation: "my victorious power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/11.md b/isa/41/11.md index 21b1e7f96f..aaf89a0ce1 100644 --- a/isa/41/11.md +++ b/isa/41/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of the # they will be as nothing and will perish, those who oppose you "those who oppose you will be as nothing and will perish" - diff --git a/isa/41/12.md b/isa/41/12.md index b890f97d76..d7c75db8fa 100644 --- a/isa/41/12.md +++ b/isa/41/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/isa/41/13.md b/isa/41/13.md index 023ca80b51..4d9b49f994 100644 --- a/isa/41/13.md +++ b/isa/41/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I ... will hold your right hand Yahweh helping the people of Israel is spoken of as if he were holding their right hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/14.md b/isa/41/14.md index 961ab4ebff..359cca639e 100644 --- a/isa/41/14.md +++ b/isa/41/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # Holy One of Israel See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/isa/41/15.md b/isa/41/15.md index 20763cfeb7..141eaa8d2c 100644 --- a/isa/41/15.md +++ b/isa/41/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a double metaphor. The mountains are a metaphor for grain, and threshing # you will make the hills like chaff The hills are a metaphor for the powerful enemy nations near Israel. People having the wind blow the chaff away after they have threshed the grain is a metaphor for them allowing Yahweh to destroy their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/16.md b/isa/41/16.md index 861d0211a2..e7a0ae55fb 100644 --- a/isa/41/16.md +++ b/isa/41/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to the mountains and hill in [Isaiah 41:15](../41/15 # the wind will carry them away; the wind will scatter them These two phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "the wind will blow them away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/17.md b/isa/41/17.md index ee61aa24bc..cc147729b5 100644 --- a/isa/41/17.md +++ b/isa/41/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh speaks of people who are in extreme need as if they are extremely thirsty, and of his provision for them as if he caused water to appear in places where it normally would not appear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/18.md b/isa/41/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/41/18.md +++ b/isa/41/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/41/19.md b/isa/41/19.md index 6fa8bc0b51..c9f2f4cc9f 100644 --- a/isa/41/19.md +++ b/isa/41/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # the myrtle ... the pines and the cypress box trees These are types of trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/20.md b/isa/41/20.md index c1c364089d..b865f524f2 100644 --- a/isa/41/20.md +++ b/isa/41/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hand of Yahweh has done this Here the word "hand" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has done this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/21.md b/isa/41/21.md index dca8e52424..36f6b9423a 100644 --- a/isa/41/21.md +++ b/isa/41/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: In these verses, Yahweh is mocking the people and their idols. He is challenging the idols to tell what will happen in the future, but he knows they cannot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/22.md b/isa/41/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/41/22.md +++ b/isa/41/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/41/23.md b/isa/41/23.md index e5b979a182..47e0784f4c 100644 --- a/isa/41/23.md +++ b/isa/41/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to mock the idols and the people who worship them ([Isaiah 41:2 # do something good or evil The words "good" and "evil" form a merism and represent anything. Alternate translation: "do anything at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/24.md b/isa/41/24.md index 5343fa29b1..438ab30893 100644 --- a/isa/41/24.md +++ b/isa/41/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who chooses you Here "you" is plural and refers to the idols. Alternate translation: "the person who chooses you idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/25.md b/isa/41/25.md index 366335afcc..6b7c88a022 100644 --- a/isa/41/25.md +++ b/isa/41/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Conquering the rulers of other nations is spoken of as if it were trampling them # like a potter who is treading on the clay Yahweh compares the way in which this person will trample the other rulers with the way that a potter tramples on clay to mix it with water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/26.md b/isa/41/26.md index d1a2ddef7d..0939b630ff 100644 --- a/isa/41/26.md +++ b/isa/41/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "who announced this" are understood from the previous question. Altern # Indeed none of them decreed it, yes, none heard your words "Indeed, none of the idols decreed it. Indeed, no one heard you idols say anything" - diff --git a/isa/41/27.md b/isa/41/27.md index 47d8d2d3e0..401ba9b383 100644 --- a/isa/41/27.md +++ b/isa/41/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking. - diff --git a/isa/41/28.md b/isa/41/28.md index 6a93458b21..1b2498bb74 100644 --- a/isa/41/28.md +++ b/isa/41/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not one among them "not one idol" - diff --git a/isa/41/29.md b/isa/41/29.md index 4f174fd49d..e9ecf4425b 100644 --- a/isa/41/29.md +++ b/isa/41/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their cast metal figures are wind and emptiness Yahweh speaks of the worthlessness of the idols as if the idols are wind and nothing at all. Alternate translation: "their idols are all worthless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/41/intro.md b/isa/41/intro.md index 5f0ef2ea2a..0d7c3a991c 100644 --- a/isa/41/intro.md +++ b/isa/41/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 41 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Mocking -#### Mocking Yahweh tells the people to present their best arguments in favor of honoring their idols. In this Yahweh challenges the people. Yahweh mocks or insults these false gods because they are not real and have no power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Yahweh tells the people to present their best arguments in favor of honoring the * __[Isaiah 41:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../40/intro.md) | [>>](../42/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/42/01.md b/isa/42/01.md index 6bfe43271f..5427c02765 100644 --- a/isa/42/01.md +++ b/isa/42/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # in him I take delight "with whom I am very happy" - diff --git a/isa/42/02.md b/isa/42/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/42/02.md +++ b/isa/42/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/42/03.md b/isa/42/03.md index 438a98db3c..4c401760a8 100644 --- a/isa/42/03.md +++ b/isa/42/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A reed is the long, thin stem of a plant like tall grass. If it is crushed, it c # he will not break "My servant will not break" - diff --git a/isa/42/04.md b/isa/42/04.md index f0e25f3c4a..0775431443 100644 --- a/isa/42/04.md +++ b/isa/42/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metaphor for being discouraged. Alternate translation: "be discouraged # the coastlands This refers to the people who live on the islands and in the lands bordering or beyond the Mediterranean Sea. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 41:1](../41/01.md). Alternate translation: "the people who live on the coastlands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/05.md b/isa/42/05.md index 1de127f4fd..c8f4834f3e 100644 --- a/isa/42/05.md +++ b/isa/42/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The prophet speaks of Yahweh creating the heavens and the earth as if the heaven # gives breath to the people on it and life to those who live on it These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh gives life to every person. The word "breath" is a metonym for life. Alternate translation: "gives life to the people who live on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/06.md b/isa/42/06.md index 16b053fd1f..7fb11a33b9 100644 --- a/isa/42/06.md +++ b/isa/42/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "covenant" is a metonym for the one who establishes or mediates a # a light for the Gentiles Yahweh speaks of making his servant the one who delivers the nations from bondage as if he were making him a light that shines in dark places for the Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/07.md b/isa/42/07.md index 774348c881..27561086c1 100644 --- a/isa/42/07.md +++ b/isa/42/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Causing blind people to see is spoken of as if it were opening their eyes. Also, # to release the prisoners from the dungeon, and from the house of imprisonment those who sit in darkness The verb may be supplied in the second phrase. Alternate translation: "to release the prisoners from the dungeon, and to release those who sit in darkness from the house in which people have imprisoned them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/08.md b/isa/42/08.md index 330b369738..af55859468 100644 --- a/isa/42/08.md +++ b/isa/42/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "nor w # my praise This refers to the praise that Yahweh receives from people. - diff --git a/isa/42/09.md b/isa/42/09.md index 7445be7102..335032bd70 100644 --- a/isa/42/09.md +++ b/isa/42/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will tell you Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/10.md b/isa/42/10.md index 40acdd92b5..77be0dbd6f 100644 --- a/isa/42/10.md +++ b/isa/42/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # the sea, and all that is in it, the coastlands, and those who live there "and all the creatures that live in the sea, and all those who live on the coastlands" - diff --git a/isa/42/11.md b/isa/42/11.md index 4a26f72746..3cf8b6a55d 100644 --- a/isa/42/11.md +++ b/isa/42/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a city north of Arabia. See how this was translated in [Isaiah 21:16](.. # Sela a city in Edom (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/12.md b/isa/42/12.md index 62b2ba9cee..90c3e739af 100644 --- a/isa/42/12.md +++ b/isa/42/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # Let them give glory Here "them" refers to the people along the coastlands. - diff --git a/isa/42/13.md b/isa/42/13.md index 345c6cffba..bf3126c11b 100644 --- a/isa/42/13.md +++ b/isa/42/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is compared with a warrior who is ready to defeat his people's enemies. ( # he will stir up his zeal Here "zeal" refers to the passion that a warrior experiences when he is about to fight a battle. Yahweh stimulating his zeal is spoken of as if he stirred it up like the wind stirs up waves of water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/14.md b/isa/42/14.md index 3788ec6bb0..5b7d27b67b 100644 --- a/isa/42/14.md +++ b/isa/42/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and indicate that Yahweh has kep # I will cry out like a woman in labor; I will gasp and pant Yahweh's activity as a shouting warrior is compared with a pregnant woman who cries from labor pains. This emphasizes sudden unavoidable action after a period of inactivity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/15.md b/isa/42/15.md index be4bbd3de8..ebd90eaf94 100644 --- a/isa/42/15.md +++ b/isa/42/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this metaphorical language to describe his great power to conquer hi # the marshes A marsh is an area of soft, wet land with pools of water. - diff --git a/isa/42/16.md b/isa/42/16.md index 020a027242..0f7bae0923 100644 --- a/isa/42/16.md +++ b/isa/42/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "that they have never traveled" or 2) "with which they # I will turn the darkness into light before them Yahweh speaks of his people being helpless as if they could not see because they walked in darkness, and of his helping them as if he caused light to shine in the darkness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/17.md b/isa/42/17.md index 8780ce3808..5ea5a542ba 100644 --- a/isa/42/17.md +++ b/isa/42/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # They will be turned back, they will be completely put to shame Rejecting those who worship idols is spoken of as if it is forcing them to turn back and move the opposite direction. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will reject them and put them to shame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/18.md b/isa/42/18.md index 84cd338d67..afc686b073 100644 --- a/isa/42/18.md +++ b/isa/42/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # you deaf ... you blind Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. Yahweh speaks of their failure to listen to him and obey him as if they are deaf and blind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/19.md b/isa/42/19.md index 44ab7ec449..fb717be062 100644 --- a/isa/42/19.md +++ b/isa/42/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks these rhetorical questions to scold his people and to emphasize that # Who is as blind as my covenant partner, or blind as Yahweh's servant? Yahweh asks these rhetorical questions to scold his people and to emphasize that no one is as blind or deaf as they are. Alternate translation: "No one is as blind as my covenant partner. No one is as blind as Yahweh's servant." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/20.md b/isa/42/20.md index c0ccaa3c04..655e344571 100644 --- a/isa/42/20.md +++ b/isa/42/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # ears are open, but no one hears The ability to hear is spoken of as if the ears were open. Here the word "hears" refers to understanding what one hears. Alternate translation: "people hear, but no one understands what they hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/21.md b/isa/42/21.md index c68dd59799..e77b0d00c1 100644 --- a/isa/42/21.md +++ b/isa/42/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It pleased Yahweh to praise his justice and to make his law glorious "Yahweh was pleased to honor his justice by making his law glorious." The second part of the phrase explains how Yahweh accomplished the first part. - diff --git a/isa/42/22.md b/isa/42/22.md index 866ee50b2d..f4ca4350aa 100644 --- a/isa/42/22.md +++ b/isa/42/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how badly the enemy # they are all trapped in pits, held captive in prisons These two phrases mean basically the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the enemy has trapped them all in pits and held them captive in prisons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/23.md b/isa/42/23.md index bde5c37f1f..954ea0f86a 100644 --- a/isa/42/23.md +++ b/isa/42/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Isaiah begins speaking. # Who among you Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/24.md b/isa/42/24.md index 5912efad82..1be3e69b59 100644 --- a/isa/42/24.md +++ b/isa/42/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "we" refers to the people of Israel and to Isaiah. (See: [[rc://en # in whose ways they refused to walk, and whose law they refused to obey The word "they" also refers to the people of Israel and to Isaiah. The two phrases mean the same thing. In the first, obeying Yahweh's laws is spoken of as if it were walking in the paths in which Yahweh commanded them to walk. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/25.md b/isa/42/25.md index fd82893299..bbfc6fbb9b 100644 --- a/isa/42/25.md +++ b/isa/42/25.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Isaiah speaks of Yahweh's fierce anger as if it were a fire that burned the peop # they did not take it to heart Paying attention to something and learning from it is spoken of as if it were placing that thing on one's heart. Alternate translation: "they did not pay attention" or "they did not learn from it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/42/intro.md b/isa/42/intro.md index 16fbe39a88..bee4a996c6 100644 --- a/isa/42/intro.md +++ b/isa/42/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 42 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. Many scholars believe that there are four songs or poems which Isaiah records about the Messiah. Isaiah 42:1-4 is the first of these songs. They are often called the "servant songs" because they focus on the Messiah being a servant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Servant -Israel is called Yahweh's servant. The Messiah is also called the servant of Yahweh. It is likely that the two different usages of the word "servant" are intended to contrast with one another. +### Servant + +Israel is called Yahweh's servant. The Messiah is also called the servant of Yahweh. It is likely that the two different usages of the word "servant" are intended to contrast with one another. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 42:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../41/intro.md) | [>>](../43/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/43/01.md b/isa/43/01.md index f0633ef416..f2a29caae2 100644 --- a/isa/43/01.md +++ b/isa/43/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he who created you, Jacob, and he who formed you, Israel Both clauses mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "the one who created you, O people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/02.md b/isa/43/02.md index f234305b1f..c4a95e0a61 100644 --- a/isa/43/02.md +++ b/isa/43/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two statements mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people # you will not be burned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will not burn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/03.md b/isa/43/03.md index c20c424930..3276c691d2 100644 --- a/isa/43/03.md +++ b/isa/43/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that Yahweh will allow Is # Seba This is the name of a nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/04.md b/isa/43/04.md index 86b742bf6d..ad9bfe636c 100644 --- a/isa/43/04.md +++ b/isa/43/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "precious" and "special" mean basically the same thing and emphasize h # therefore I will give people in exchange for you, and other peoples in exchange for your life Both phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "therefore I will let the enemy conquer other peoples instead of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/05.md b/isa/43/05.md index 68552a6ff8..f79d13bb50 100644 --- a/isa/43/05.md +++ b/isa/43/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will bring your offspring from the east, and gather you from the west The directions "east" and "west" form a merism and represent from every direction. Alternate translation: "I will bring you and your offspring from every direction" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/06.md b/isa/43/06.md index e561e25c09..303e6c46ca 100644 --- a/isa/43/06.md +++ b/isa/43/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks to "the north" and "the south" as if commanding the nations in tho # my sons ... my daughters Yahweh speaks of the people who belong to him as if they were his children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/07.md b/isa/43/07.md index 66da95f42a..f65fc86294 100644 --- a/isa/43/07.md +++ b/isa/43/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here to be called by someone's name represents belonging to that person. This ca # whom I have formed, yes, whom I have made Both of these mean the same thing and emphasize that it is God who made the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/08.md b/isa/43/08.md index a4a271bd77..4ec3d56a67 100644 --- a/isa/43/08.md +++ b/isa/43/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people who are blind ... the deaf Yahweh speaks of those who do not listen to him or obey him as if they were blind and deaf. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/09.md b/isa/43/09.md index f5e14bd4db..5b5e0de281 100644 --- a/isa/43/09.md +++ b/isa/43/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to their ability to tell about events that happened in the pa # Let them bring their witnesses so they can be justified; let them listen and affirm, 'It is true.' Yahweh challenges the gods whom the nations worship to provide witnesses who will testify that they have been able to do these things, although he knows that they cannot do so. Alternate translation: "These gods have no witnesses who will prove them right, witnesses who will listen and affirm, 'It is true'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/10.md b/isa/43/10.md index 650c602ddc..83ee1310d4 100644 --- a/isa/43/10.md +++ b/isa/43/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "formed" indicates that Yahweh is speaking of idols that people ha # there will be none after me "none of those gods will exist after me" - diff --git a/isa/43/11.md b/isa/43/11.md index f184d2f5cb..5d4b4d4052 100644 --- a/isa/43/11.md +++ b/isa/43/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "I" is repeated to emphasize the focus on Yahweh. Alternate translation # there is no savior but me This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "I am the only savior" or "I am the only one who can save you" - diff --git a/isa/43/12.md b/isa/43/12.md index b890f97d76..d7c75db8fa 100644 --- a/isa/43/12.md +++ b/isa/43/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/isa/43/13.md b/isa/43/13.md index 7c3ca10950..11e3f3e250 100644 --- a/isa/43/13.md +++ b/isa/43/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "no one c # who can turn it back? Yahweh uses this question to say that no one can turn back his hand. It can be translated as a statement. Turning back his hand represents stopping him from doing something. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 14:27](../14/27.md). Alternate translation: "no one can turn it back." or "no one can stop me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/14.md b/isa/43/14.md index 22c2e92f84..60fecdead9 100644 --- a/isa/43/14.md +++ b/isa/43/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The object of the verb "send" may be supplied in translation. Alternate translat # fugitives A fugitive is a person who runs away so that his enemy will not capture him. - diff --git a/isa/43/15.md b/isa/43/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/43/15.md +++ b/isa/43/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/43/16.md b/isa/43/16.md index f3e82eb5c8..a719dc4878 100644 --- a/isa/43/16.md +++ b/isa/43/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who opened a way ... mighty waters Isaiah speaks of the events following the exodus from Egypt, when Yahweh divided the sea to let the Israelites walk through on dry ground but then drowned the Egyptian army. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/17.md b/isa/43/17.md index 6e2fabef38..a877df4b17 100644 --- a/isa/43/17.md +++ b/isa/43/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Dying is spoken of as if it were falling down to the ground. Alternate translati # they are extinguished, quenched like a burning wick The people dying is spoken of as if they were burning candle wicks that someone has extinguished. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "their lives have ended, like a person extinguishes the flame of a burning candle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/18.md b/isa/43/18.md index e6b33c891a..a718f4261e 100644 --- a/isa/43/18.md +++ b/isa/43/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # Do not think about these former things, nor consider the things of long ago. These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that they are not to worry about what happened in the past. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/19.md b/isa/43/19.md index ac63af2b9c..39da83ee62 100644 --- a/isa/43/19.md +++ b/isa/43/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used to draw attention to the important information that follows. A # do you not know it? Yahweh uses a question to teach the people of Israel. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "surely you have noticed it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/20.md b/isa/43/20.md index 3f79a69c92..f4ebb8e2e5 100644 --- a/isa/43/20.md +++ b/isa/43/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here animals honor Yahweh as if they were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fig # the jackals and the ostriches These are examples of "the animals of the field" that will honor Yahweh. See how you translated the names of these animals in [Isaiah 13:21-22](../13/21.md). - diff --git a/isa/43/21.md b/isa/43/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/43/21.md +++ b/isa/43/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/43/22.md b/isa/43/22.md index b890f97d76..d7c75db8fa 100644 --- a/isa/43/22.md +++ b/isa/43/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/isa/43/23.md b/isa/43/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/43/23.md +++ b/isa/43/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/43/24.md b/isa/43/24.md index fa02f4b0d5..70332541d6 100644 --- a/isa/43/24.md +++ b/isa/43/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These both mean the same thing and emphasize the complaint Yahweh has with his p # burdened me with your sins "troubled me with your sins" - diff --git a/isa/43/25.md b/isa/43/25.md index bfe29decda..3e2c41bcd3 100644 --- a/isa/43/25.md +++ b/isa/43/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Forgiving sins is spoken of as either 1) blotting them out or wiping them away o # call to mind "remember" - diff --git a/isa/43/26.md b/isa/43/26.md index ecee371eeb..ac0ce450cf 100644 --- a/isa/43/26.md +++ b/isa/43/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh challenges the people to offer proof that they are innocent of the charge # that you may be proved to be in the right This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you may prove yourselves to be in the right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/28.md b/isa/43/28.md index 3c95f73bc3..a80abe6ed1 100644 --- a/isa/43/28.md +++ b/isa/43/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here to "hand over" represents putting someone under the power of another. The n # Israel to abusive humiliation The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase, with which this phrase is parallel. The noun "humiliation" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "I will hand Israel over to abusive humiliation" or "I will allow the enemy to abuse and humiliate Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/43/intro.md b/isa/43/intro.md index b4fa866c07..c5b4fb1533 100644 --- a/isa/43/intro.md +++ b/isa/43/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 43 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Exodus -This chapter pictures Judah's eventual return from exile in Babylon as a kind of second exodus. It was reminiscent of their exodus from Egypt. +### Exodus -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +This chapter pictures Judah's eventual return from exile in Babylon as a kind of second exodus. It was reminiscent of their exodus from Egypt. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Exile -#### Exile This chapter prophesies about the Jews return from Babylon, but the exile has yet to happen and is still more than a hundred years in the future. These events will show that Yahweh alone is God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ This chapter prophesies about the Jews return from Babylon, but the exile has ye * __[Isaiah 43:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../42/intro.md) | [>>](../44/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/44/01.md b/isa/44/01.md index 3f72fbe090..70b728161e 100644 --- a/isa/44/01.md +++ b/isa/44/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # Jacob my servant This refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate translation: "descendants of Jacob, my servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/02.md b/isa/44/02.md index e7701891b0..cc6610b749 100644 --- a/isa/44/02.md +++ b/isa/44/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "you, # Jeshurun This also refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/03.md b/isa/44/03.md index 437e36eeb5..5670db407b 100644 --- a/isa/44/03.md +++ b/isa/44/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of giving his Spirit to the people as if his Spirit were liquid th # my blessing on your descendants The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "I will pour out my blessing on your descendants" or "I will give my blessing to your descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/04.md b/isa/44/04.md index 2e463c4875..f238266338 100644 --- a/isa/44/04.md +++ b/isa/44/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Israel being prosperous and multiplying is spoken of as if they we # willows A willow is a tree with thin branches that grows near the water. - diff --git a/isa/44/05.md b/isa/44/05.md index 2a23aeaa9f..91fb3ae2aa 100644 --- a/isa/44/05.md +++ b/isa/44/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel # name himself by the name of Israel "call himself a descendant of Israel" - diff --git a/isa/44/06.md b/isa/44/06.md index e87ef06a3b..b3395907c0 100644 --- a/isa/44/06.md +++ b/isa/44/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # I am the first, and I am the last This phrase emphasizes Yahweh's eternal nature. Possible meanings are 1) "I am the one who began all things, and I am the one who ends all things" or 2) "I am the one who has always lived, and I am the one who always will live." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/07.md b/isa/44/07.md index ff7f17c25b..d4bce5d732 100644 --- a/isa/44/07.md +++ b/isa/44/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # Who is like me? Let him announce Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no one like him. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "If anyone thinks he is like me, let him announce" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/08.md b/isa/44/08.md index 7558179833..4a030100bf 100644 --- a/isa/44/08.md +++ b/isa/44/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh uses a question again to emphasize that there is no other God. This rheto # There is no other Rock Yahweh speaks of himself as if he were a large rock under which people can find shelter. This means he has the power to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/09.md b/isa/44/09.md index 22051fdf46..8c9351b74f 100644 --- a/isa/44/09.md +++ b/isa/44/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase refers to those who worship these idols and who claim to be witnesse # they will be put to shame This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will be ashamed" or "their idols will put them to shame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/10.md b/isa/44/10.md index fdaf72e2d2..05fcfa0c88 100644 --- a/isa/44/10.md +++ b/isa/44/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is using this question to rebuke those who make idols. This question can # cast an idol that is worthless The word "worthless" does not distinguish worthless idols from idols that have worth, because all idols are worthless. Alternate translation: "cast worthless idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/11.md b/isa/44/11.md index 47eba6cd27..3943290d57 100644 --- a/isa/44/11.md +++ b/isa/44/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will be ashamed" (See # they will tremble "they will be terrified." To "cower" is to bend over in fear. - diff --git a/isa/44/12.md b/isa/44/12.md index a795ed48d2..85addc8b9f 100644 --- a/isa/44/12.md +++ b/isa/44/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # forming it "forming the idol" or "creating the idol" - diff --git a/isa/44/13.md b/isa/44/13.md index 304aa3bed0..7160b3ea77 100644 --- a/isa/44/13.md +++ b/isa/44/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a sharp tool to scratch the wood so the craftsman can see where to cut. # a compass This is a tool with two points that spread out used to help mark the wood to make the idol. - diff --git a/isa/44/14.md b/isa/44/14.md index c51e51bad8..edf1429ec1 100644 --- a/isa/44/14.md +++ b/isa/44/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He works so that the tree will grow strong and he can use it. # cypress tree a tall evergreen tree (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/15.md b/isa/44/15.md index 89d7dcb44c..e499518101 100644 --- a/isa/44/15.md +++ b/isa/44/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he makes an idol and bows down to it This part of the sentence says basically the same as the first to emphasize it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/16.md b/isa/44/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/44/16.md +++ b/isa/44/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/44/17.md b/isa/44/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/44/17.md +++ b/isa/44/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/44/18.md b/isa/44/18.md index 6723211e31..762f99ac18 100644 --- a/isa/44/18.md +++ b/isa/44/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "their eyes" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "for they # their hearts cannot gain understanding Here the people are represented by their "hearts." Alternate translation: "they cannot understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/19.md b/isa/44/19.md index b821139135..d2a8202924 100644 --- a/isa/44/19.md +++ b/isa/44/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now should I make ... an abomination? Should I bow down to a block of wood? Yahweh says that these people should be asking themselves these rhetorical questions. The questions anticipate negative answers and emphasize how foolish it would be for a person to do these things. These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "I should not now make ... something disgusting to worship. I should not bow down to a block of wood." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/20.md b/isa/44/20.md index a3e2e9492d..38ac558ebc 100644 --- a/isa/44/20.md +++ b/isa/44/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The heart represents the inner person. Alternate translation: "he misleads himse # He cannot rescue himself "The person who worships idols cannot save himself" - diff --git a/isa/44/21.md b/isa/44/21.md index 1655872630..98b049353e 100644 --- a/isa/44/21.md +++ b/isa/44/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to people descended from Jacob, Israel. Alternate translation: "you # you will not be forgotten by me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not forget you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/22.md b/isa/44/22.md index dbe8b1ae4d..003a71d443 100644 --- a/isa/44/22.md +++ b/isa/44/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of how he has forgiven Israel's sins as if he were a cloud that ha # like a cloud, your sins The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "like a cloud, I have blotted out your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/23.md b/isa/44/23.md index 6d9f5d40a4..da6c22f3d4 100644 --- a/isa/44/23.md +++ b/isa/44/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Isaiah speaks various parts of creation as if they were people and commands # you depths of the earth "you lowest parts of the earth." Possible meanings are 1) that this refers to very deep places on the earth such as caves or canyons and forms a merism with "heavens" in the previous phrase or 2) that this refers to the place of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/24.md b/isa/44/24.md index c2095fbd78..0232a0bea0 100644 --- a/isa/44/24.md +++ b/isa/44/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of creating the nation of Israel as if it were forming the nation # who alone stretched out the heavens Yahweh speaks of creating the heavens as if they were fabric which he stretched out. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 42:5](../42/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/25.md b/isa/44/25.md index 70e76a05d3..7eafa8318e 100644 --- a/isa/44/25.md +++ b/isa/44/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are signs that people used to attempt to predict the future. # the empty talkers This refers to people who say things that are meaningless. - diff --git a/isa/44/26.md b/isa/44/26.md index c6d2c1c593..507120ba21 100644 --- a/isa/44/26.md +++ b/isa/44/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will rebuild t # I will raise up their ruins The phrase "ruins" refers to places that have been destroyed. Yahweh speaks of rebuilding them as if he were raising them up. Alternate translation: "I will rebuild what others have destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/27.md b/isa/44/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/44/27.md +++ b/isa/44/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/44/28.md b/isa/44/28.md index d7333df6ca..71fc13c67f 100644 --- a/isa/44/28.md +++ b/isa/44/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let the people rebuil # Let its foundations be laid This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let the people lay its foundations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/44/intro.md b/isa/44/intro.md index f79e57ef69..7f84728077 100644 --- a/isa/44/intro.md +++ b/isa/44/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 44 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's power -#### Yahweh's power There is a prophecy in this chapter that gives the name of the king who will end the exile of the Jews from Babylon and rebuild the temple, even though the exile has not yet even occurred. This emphasizes that Yahweh knows the future, so the translator should translate the name of Cyrus given here. There are many other aspects of this chapter that show Yahweh's power as well. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ There is a prophecy in this chapter that gives the name of the king who will end * __[Isaiah 44:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../43/intro.md) | [>>](../45/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/45/01.md b/isa/45/01.md index cde918916f..084dc23585 100644 --- a/isa/45/01.md +++ b/isa/45/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whose right hand I hold Yahweh helping Cyrus and causing him to be successful is spoken of as if he were holding his right hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/02.md b/isa/45/02.md index bfead4eb30..6b0c871f76 100644 --- a/isa/45/02.md +++ b/isa/45/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Hebrew word used in the text is rare and is of an uncertain meaning. Some mo # their iron bars This refers to the iron bars on the bronze gates. - diff --git a/isa/45/03.md b/isa/45/03.md index b0618aee3a..b9af80bd7f 100644 --- a/isa/45/03.md +++ b/isa/45/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the treasures of darkness Here "darkness" refers to places that are secret. Alternate translation: "treasures in dark places" or "the treasures in secret places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/04.md b/isa/45/04.md index 144a860668..099af061d7 100644 --- a/isa/45/04.md +++ b/isa/45/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Cyrus. # Jacob ... Israel These both refer to the descendants of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/05.md b/isa/45/05.md index 4c4e72f42e..af1e458f79 100644 --- a/isa/45/05.md +++ b/isa/45/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will gird you Possible meanings are 1) "I will strengthen you for battle" or 2) "I will equip you for battle." - diff --git a/isa/45/06.md b/isa/45/06.md index 7f7edd511f..ae9cddae33 100644 --- a/isa/45/06.md +++ b/isa/45/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the rising of the sun, and from the west Since the sun rises in the east, this phrase forms a merism and means everywhere on earth. Alternate translation: "from every place on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/07.md b/isa/45/07.md index de11511c11..f07b78eabb 100644 --- a/isa/45/07.md +++ b/isa/45/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # I form the light and create darkness; I bring peace and create disaster Both of these expressions form merisms that emphasize that Yahweh is sovereign creator of everything. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/08.md b/isa/45/08.md index 631e3afdeb..12084566c5 100644 --- a/isa/45/08.md +++ b/isa/45/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of his righteousness as if it were rain that falls on the earth, a # You heavens Yahweh momentarily turns his attention from his people and begins to speak to the heavens. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/09.md b/isa/45/09.md index adc1c470df..44d8310a0b 100644 --- a/isa/45/09.md +++ b/isa/45/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "clay pot" or 2) "piece of broken clay pottery." # Does the clay say to the potter ... on it'? Yahweh asks this question to rebuke those who argue with him about what he does. Alternate translation: "The clay should not say to the potter ... on it!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/10.md b/isa/45/10.md index faaf6c7c22..73024c1481 100644 --- a/isa/45/10.md +++ b/isa/45/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of those who would argue him as if they were unborn children who a # What are you fathering? ... What are you giving birth to? The unborn child asks these rhetorical questions to scold his parents for giving birth to him. These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "You should not be my father ... You should give birth to me." or "You are not fathering me correctly ... You are not giving birth to me correctly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/11.md b/isa/45/11.md index aa2fa1c2c4..6f488ddf49 100644 --- a/isa/45/11.md +++ b/isa/45/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the people of Israel. # the work of my hands Here the word "hands" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the things that I have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/12.md b/isa/45/12.md index 48629f2933..bd9a51e451 100644 --- a/isa/45/12.md +++ b/isa/45/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "hands" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "It was I who" ( # stretched out the heavens Yahweh speaks of creating the heavens as if they were fabric that he stretched out. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 42:5](../42/05.md). - diff --git a/isa/45/13.md b/isa/45/13.md index 583e017bcb..2d53124416 100644 --- a/isa/45/13.md +++ b/isa/45/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here the words "price" and "bribe" share similar meanings. Cyrus will not do the # Yahweh of hosts See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/45/14.md b/isa/45/14.md index ccd668b015..54f2e80768 100644 --- a/isa/45/14.md +++ b/isa/45/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "you" refers to the people of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-yo # there is no other except him This double negative emphasizes that the speakers believe that the God of Israel is the only true God. Alternate translation: "the only true God is your God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/15.md b/isa/45/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/45/15.md +++ b/isa/45/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/45/16.md b/isa/45/16.md index 148fc04cc8..f23cc22a0d 100644 --- a/isa/45/16.md +++ b/isa/45/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "ashamed" and "disgraced" mean basically the same thing and emphasize # will walk in humiliation Living in continual humiliation is spoken of as if it were walking in humiliation. Alternate translation: "will be continually humiliated" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/17.md b/isa/45/17.md index 0f6eee9bb6..6a48fd8113 100644 --- a/isa/45/17.md +++ b/isa/45/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will save the # you will never again be ashamed or humiliated Here "you" refers to the people of Israel. The words "ashamed" and "humiliated" mean basically the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one will ever humiliate you again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/18.md b/isa/45/18.md index 34c85c1fda..59f887e8f2 100644 --- a/isa/45/18.md +++ b/isa/45/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but designed it to be inhabited This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but he designed it so people could live on it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/19.md b/isa/45/19.md index 3ae2bd5cae..fe1ae550cc 100644 --- a/isa/45/19.md +++ b/isa/45/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # things that are upright Here "upright" is a metaphor for things that are true and morally good. Alternate translation: "things that are good and true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/20.md b/isa/45/20.md index f2c7e3617d..9ec0c58aad 100644 --- a/isa/45/20.md +++ b/isa/45/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking # refugees people who have fled from their homes so the enemy will not capture or kill them - diff --git a/isa/45/21.md b/isa/45/21.md index 31eb1ea328..5cb3b26155 100644 --- a/isa/45/21.md +++ b/isa/45/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh uses questions to emphasize that he was the one who told them these thing # There is no God except me ... there is no one besides me These double negatives emphasize that the speaker is the only God. Alternate translation: "I am the only God ... I am the only one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/22.md b/isa/45/22.md index 9292c6dfba..0bf08fee2a 100644 --- a/isa/45/22.md +++ b/isa/45/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the # all the ends of the earth Here this phrase represents the people who live at "the ends of the earth." Alternate translation: "you who live at the farthest places of the earth" or "all of you who live on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/23.md b/isa/45/23.md index 3b46193c17..9c084de6ae 100644 --- a/isa/45/23.md +++ b/isa/45/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # To me every knee will bend, every tongue will swear The words "knee" and "tongue" represent the people. Alternate translation: "Every person will kneel before me, and everyone will swear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/24.md b/isa/45/24.md index ec8f5664f8..67716f4fc7 100644 --- a/isa/45/24.md +++ b/isa/45/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will say All the people on the earth are speaking. - diff --git a/isa/45/25.md b/isa/45/25.md index ce99eca4ef..0a0fd7ccb1 100644 --- a/isa/45/25.md +++ b/isa/45/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In Yahweh all the descendants of Israel will be justified Here the word "justified" does not refer to Yahweh forgiving their sins, but to proving to the nations that Israel was right to worship him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will justify all the descendants of Israel" or "Yahweh will vindicate all the descendants of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/45/intro.md b/isa/45/intro.md index fa291f482a..be7d305e2a 100644 --- a/isa/45/intro.md +++ b/isa/45/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 45 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Potter and clay -#### Potter and clay The potter and the clay are important images used in Scripture. They emphasize the power and control of God. This chapter connects this to the truth that Yahweh is the creator of all, which it repeatedly emphasizes. He is even able to "anoint" or chose a future, pagan king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The potter and the clay are important images used in Scripture. They emphasize t * __[Isaiah 45:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../44/intro.md) | [>>](../46/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/46/01.md b/isa/46/01.md index 71683b3bc9..09f4889904 100644 --- a/isa/46/01.md +++ b/isa/46/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were the two primary gods whom the Babylonians worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/ # Their idols the idols that represented Bel and Nebo - diff --git a/isa/46/02.md b/isa/46/02.md index 96eba73fdb..2dcc987e83 100644 --- a/isa/46/02.md +++ b/isa/46/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they themselves have gone off into captivity Isaiah speaks of people carrying off these idols as if the false gods whom they represent are being carried off to captivity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/46/03.md b/isa/46/03.md index e51a253390..3921d4f87f 100644 --- a/isa/46/03.md +++ b/isa/46/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the nation of Israel as if it were a person, and of the nation' # who have been carried by me Yahweh speaks of helping and rescuing the people of Israel as if he were carrying them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom I have carried" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/46/04.md b/isa/46/04.md index 61ceaa7c9f..c7c546bc23 100644 --- a/isa/46/04.md +++ b/isa/46/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Even to your old age I am he, and until your hair is gray I will carry you Yahweh speaks of the nation of Israel becoming very old as if it were an old man with gray hair. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/46/05.md b/isa/46/05.md index 03b462db50..010bbe92d7 100644 --- a/isa/46/05.md +++ b/isa/46/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses questions to emphasize that there is no one like him. Alternate tran # so that we may be compared This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that you may compare us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/46/06.md b/isa/46/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/46/06.md +++ b/isa/46/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/46/07.md b/isa/46/07.md index 37d1fa0c7b..875c1be40b 100644 --- a/isa/46/07.md +++ b/isa/46/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They lift it "They" refers to the people who make idols and "it" refers to the idol that they have created. - diff --git a/isa/46/08.md b/isa/46/08.md index 33499633e0..1011ac6124 100644 --- a/isa/46/08.md +++ b/isa/46/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to his people. - diff --git a/isa/46/09.md b/isa/46/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/46/09.md +++ b/isa/46/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/46/10.md b/isa/46/10.md index a51e282415..973e75aa8d 100644 --- a/isa/46/10.md +++ b/isa/46/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to his people. # I announce the end from the beginning, and beforehand what has not yet happened This basically repeats the same idea for emphasis. The verb from the first phrase may be supplied for the second. Alternate translation: "I announce the end from the beginning, and I announce beforehand what has not yet happened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/46/11.md b/isa/46/11.md index a866821d4f..42bb28ca8e 100644 --- a/isa/46/11.md +++ b/isa/46/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of Cyrus as if he were "a bird of prey." As a bird swiftly capture # I have spoken; I will also accomplish it; I have purposed, I will also do it. This repeats the same idea for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/46/12.md b/isa/46/12.md index 4f2978bad7..41c4d115d3 100644 --- a/isa/46/12.md +++ b/isa/46/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # who are far from doing what is right Yahweh speaks of the people stubbornly doing wrong as if they were physically far away from doing the right thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/46/13.md b/isa/46/13.md index 568375e87b..cf022ceefa 100644 --- a/isa/46/13.md +++ b/isa/46/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my salvation does not wait Yahweh speaks of saving his people soon as if his salvation were a person who does not wait to act. The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "I will not wait to save you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/46/intro.md b/isa/46/intro.md index f61b0ae238..23037d3b78 100644 --- a/isa/46/intro.md +++ b/isa/46/intro.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ # Isaiah 46 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -#### Yahweh and the false gods +### Yahweh and the false gods + This chapter is intended to compare Yahweh with various false Gods whom the Israelites worship. There really is no comparison at all because Yahweh alone is God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) ## Links: @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ This chapter is intended to compare Yahweh with various false Gods whom the Isra * __[Isaiah 46:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../45/intro.md) | [>>](../47/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/47/01.md b/isa/47/01.md index a70528d34c..b4c094ad14 100644 --- a/isa/47/01.md +++ b/isa/47/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will no longer # dainty and delicate These two words share similar meanings. They describe one who is beautiful and lives in luxury. Alternate translation: "very beautiful" or "very luxurious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/47/02.md b/isa/47/02.md index 1f9d74186b..a8d8642dbd 100644 --- a/isa/47/02.md +++ b/isa/47/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # millstone a large stone used to grind grain - diff --git a/isa/47/03.md b/isa/47/03.md index 9fba08b975..52b18f684e 100644 --- a/isa/47/03.md +++ b/isa/47/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You will be naked" (S # your shame will be seen Here the word "shame" is a euphemism for one's private parts. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will see your shame" or "people will see your private parts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/47/04.md b/isa/47/04.md index f2d955df2f..59e33dcf30 100644 --- a/isa/47/04.md +++ b/isa/47/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 1:24](../01/24.md). # Holy One of Israel See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 5:16](../05/16.md). - diff --git a/isa/47/05.md b/isa/47/05.md index 8f3d6b3bf2..ac32e6d967 100644 --- a/isa/47/05.md +++ b/isa/47/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for people will no lo # queen of kingdoms Yahweh speaks of Babylon being the capital city of the Babylonian empire as if it were a queen who ruled many kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/47/06.md b/isa/47/06.md index 1467ae0389..9d1449a23b 100644 --- a/isa/47/06.md +++ b/isa/47/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "hand" represents Babylon's power or control. Alternate translatio # you placed a very heavy yoke on the old people Yahweh speaks of the Babylonians oppressing the old people as if they had treated the old people like cattle and put heavy yokes on their necks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/47/07.md b/isa/47/07.md index 2c8c652063..f15b90b23f 100644 --- a/isa/47/07.md +++ b/isa/47/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Babylon speaks of permanently ruling over many nations as if she were a queen wh # You did not take these things to heart Yahweh speaks of thinking carefully about something as if it were placing that thing on one's heart. Alternate translation: "You did not consider these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/47/08.md b/isa/47/08.md index e8e0852e55..7d200a75ec 100644 --- a/isa/47/08.md +++ b/isa/47/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Babylon believing that other nations will never be able to conquer her is spoken # I will never sit as a widow "I will never become a widow" - diff --git a/isa/47/09.md b/isa/47/09.md index f7d017b08a..673f2e865d 100644 --- a/isa/47/09.md +++ b/isa/47/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in a moment in one day "suddenly at the same time" - diff --git a/isa/47/10.md b/isa/47/10.md index 2a37825a31..cbd51d8363 100644 --- a/isa/47/10.md +++ b/isa/47/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to Babylon about her downfall as if she were a queen w # you say in your heart Here the word "heart" refers to the inner person. Alternate translation: "you say to yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/47/11.md b/isa/47/11.md index 15cf8fdc34..9f5e876d20 100644 --- a/isa/47/11.md +++ b/isa/47/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks Babylon being destroyed as if destruction were an object that fall # Calamity will strike you Yahweh speaks of Babylon experiencing calamity as if calamity were a person who strikes Babylon. Alternate translation: "You will experience calamity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/47/12.md b/isa/47/12.md index d2c461e59c..4f616f6e91 100644 --- a/isa/47/12.md +++ b/isa/47/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh mocks Babylon by telling her to continue to practice her sorcery to keep # cause trembling The one whom Babylon would cause to tremble in fear is probably the personification of disaster. Babylon would be trying to keep disaster away or to avoid suffering disaster. Alternate translation: "cause disaster to tremble in fear and stay away" or "keep yourselves from suffering disaster" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/47/13.md b/isa/47/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/47/13.md +++ b/isa/47/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/47/14.md b/isa/47/14.md index ec5430df80..e37b71e9af 100644 --- a/isa/47/14.md +++ b/isa/47/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hand" represents strength. Alternate translation: "the power of t # There are no coals to warm them and no fire for them to sit by Yahweh emphasizes that this is a destructive fire by stating that it is not one that people will use to warm themselves. - diff --git a/isa/47/15.md b/isa/47/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/47/15.md +++ b/isa/47/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/47/intro.md b/isa/47/intro.md index 719b46fc33..f3421f357f 100644 --- a/isa/47/intro.md +++ b/isa/47/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Isaiah 47 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Babylon -This chapter prophesied the destruction of Babylon. At the time that the prophesy was written, Assyria was still in power and Babylon had not yet become a world power. The Chaldeans were not yet a powerful nation either. The people of Judah would become servants or slaves of Babylon and be forced to work very hard. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) +### Babylon + +This chapter prophesied the destruction of Babylon. At the time that the prophesy was written, Assyria was still in power and Babylon had not yet become a world power. The Chaldeans were not yet a powerful nation either. The people of Judah would become servants or slaves of Babylon and be forced to work very hard. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: * __[Isaiah 47:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../46/intro.md) | [>>](../48/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/48/01.md b/isa/48/01.md index d3bd7b1fac..2d32a22736 100644 --- a/isa/48/01.md +++ b/isa/48/01.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom everyone calls t # have come from the waters of Judah -This phrase emphasizes that they are the direct, physical descendants of Judah. Alternate translation: "are the descendants of Judah" +This phrase emphasizes that they are the direct, physical descendants of Judah. Alternate translation: "are the descendants of Judah" # the waters of Judah @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "waters" here is a euphemism for semen. You may need either to translat # invoke the God of Israel "call on the God of Israel" - diff --git a/isa/48/02.md b/isa/48/02.md index ba6b5677ba..b0d8508fc9 100644 --- a/isa/48/02.md +++ b/isa/48/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Jerusalem. # Yahweh of hosts See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/48/03.md b/isa/48/03.md index 9266ab36b1..4654af4826 100644 --- a/isa/48/03.md +++ b/isa/48/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # they came out from my mouth "Mouth" refers to someone speaking. Alternate translation: "I spoke these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/04.md b/isa/48/04.md index 5920a90c84..3907968127 100644 --- a/isa/48/04.md +++ b/isa/48/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your neck muscles tight as iron, and your forehead like bronze Yahweh compares the tightness of their neck muscles and the hardness of their foreheads to the hardness of iron and bronze. Here, to have a tight neck or a hard forehead is a metaphor that means the people are stubborn. Alternate translation: "it is as if your necks were iron and your heads were bronze" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/05.md b/isa/48/05.md index 27a9510fb7..33bdd9143c 100644 --- a/isa/48/05.md +++ b/isa/48/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I declared these things to you beforehand; before they happened I informed you This is saying the same thing twice for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/06.md b/isa/48/06.md index 282c76a10c..9da456d9ba 100644 --- a/isa/48/06.md +++ b/isa/48/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # will you not admit what I said is true? Yahweh uses a question to scold the people of Israel for not admitting what they should know is true. Alternate translation: "you are stubborn and will not admit what I said is true." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/07.md b/isa/48/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/48/07.md +++ b/isa/48/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/48/08.md b/isa/48/08.md index 8001991573..11a00dc1e3 100644 --- a/isa/48/08.md +++ b/isa/48/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of explaining something as if it were unfolding it. The word "ears # from birth Yahweh speaks of the nation's beginning as if it were its birth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/09.md b/isa/48/09.md index cb94be85c4..47bc872be1 100644 --- a/isa/48/09.md +++ b/isa/48/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "name" refers to Yahweh's reputation. Alternate translation: "For # for my honor I will hold back from destroying you This part of the sentence means basically the same thing as the first part. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/10.md b/isa/48/10.md index 08d484167f..fe4047f06f 100644 --- a/isa/48/10.md +++ b/isa/48/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Look, I refined you, but not as silver; I have purified you in the furnace of affliction Yahweh speaks of using affliction to purify his people as if they were precious metals and affliction were a furnace in which he refines them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/11.md b/isa/48/11.md index 20f2224495..6c66fac0e8 100644 --- a/isa/48/11.md +++ b/isa/48/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for how can I allow my name to be profaned? Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he can never allow his own name to be dishonored. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for I cannot allow anyone to profane my name." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/12.md b/isa/48/12.md index 3a800e6da2..3dbb52cb17 100644 --- a/isa/48/12.md +++ b/isa/48/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these refer to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-dou # I am the first, I also am the last This phrase emphasizes Yahweh's eternal nature. Possible meanings are 1) "I am the one who began all things, and I am the one who ends all things" or 2) "I am the one who has always lived, and I am the one who always will live." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 44:6](../44/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/13.md b/isa/48/13.md index f6aa104f84..d9de4c7a73 100644 --- a/isa/48/13.md +++ b/isa/48/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Standing up when Yahweh calls is a metaphor for being ready to obey him. Yahweh # when I call to them Possible meanings are 1) "when I call the earth and the heavens" or 2) "when I call the stars in the heavens." - diff --git a/isa/48/14.md b/isa/48/14.md index 2535330503..3c0582a15b 100644 --- a/isa/48/14.md +++ b/isa/48/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "ally" refers to Cyrus. Both of these sentences mean the same thing and are # his purpose "Yahweh's purpose" - diff --git a/isa/48/15.md b/isa/48/15.md index a08389a02d..3891960988 100644 --- a/isa/48/15.md +++ b/isa/48/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I, I The word "I" is repeated for emphasis. Alternate translation: "I myself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/16.md b/isa/48/16.md index 00afc286ac..f221529b96 100644 --- a/isa/48/16.md +++ b/isa/48/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # sent me Here "me" refers to an unknown servant of Yahweh, maybe Isaiah or Cyrus or the promised Messiah. - diff --git a/isa/48/17.md b/isa/48/17.md index be471338f8..1d1ac7d369 100644 --- a/isa/48/17.md +++ b/isa/48/17.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ Yahweh teaching the people how they should live is spoken of as if he were leadi # to profit -to succeed \ No newline at end of file +to succeed diff --git a/isa/48/18.md b/isa/48/18.md index 29d3ab1321..4f40bc4307 100644 --- a/isa/48/18.md +++ b/isa/48/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "your # righteousness This is probably a metonym for the salvation that come from righteousness. Alternate translation: "salvation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/19.md b/isa/48/19.md index 2309e05c10..6ab5b72c0c 100644 --- a/isa/48/19.md +++ b/isa/48/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "name" refers to the descendants who would carry on the name of Is # cut off nor blotted out These two expressions in this context refer to destroying the people. Alternate translation: "destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/20.md b/isa/48/20.md index fa0198aa31..3da888433a 100644 --- a/isa/48/20.md +++ b/isa/48/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the # his servant Jacob This refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel, his servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/48/21.md b/isa/48/21.md index ae91c9d4f8..5301512fad 100644 --- a/isa/48/21.md +++ b/isa/48/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They did not thirst ... the waters gushed out This refers to an event in the history of the people of Israel when Yahweh took care of them while they lived in the desert after escaping Egypt. - diff --git a/isa/48/22.md b/isa/48/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/48/22.md +++ b/isa/48/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/48/intro.md b/isa/48/intro.md index 6cd447d209..38da4a8fd4 100644 --- a/isa/48/intro.md +++ b/isa/48/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,21 @@ # Isaiah 48 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -#### Yahweh and the false gods +### Yahweh and the false gods This chapter is set up to compare Yahweh with various false Gods whom the Israelites worship. There really is no comparison between the two because Yahweh alone is God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Exile -Yahweh explains purpose behind the Jews exile in Babylon, even though it is still in the future. This emphasizes that that Yahweh is much more powerful than the false gods. +### Exile + +Yahweh explains purpose behind the Jews exile in Babylon, even though it is still in the future. This emphasizes that that Yahweh is much more powerful than the false gods. ## Links: * __[Isaiah 48:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../47/intro.md) | [>>](../49/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/49/01.md b/isa/49/01.md index 1e81ff21e9..8a927a3ee4 100644 --- a/isa/49/01.md +++ b/isa/49/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "me" refers to Yahweh's servant. # you coastlands This refers to the people who live on the coastlands. Alternate translation: "you who live on the coastlands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/02.md b/isa/49/02.md index af299c8906..61d65e1935 100644 --- a/isa/49/02.md +++ b/isa/49/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh protecting his servant and keeping his purpose secret is spoken of as if # quiver a case used to carry arrows - diff --git a/isa/49/03.md b/isa/49/03.md index 5385d6932e..0122ccdddf 100644 --- a/isa/49/03.md +++ b/isa/49/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh's servant continues speaking. # You are my servant, Israel "You are my servant, whom I call Israel" - diff --git a/isa/49/04.md b/isa/49/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/49/04.md +++ b/isa/49/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/49/05.md b/isa/49/05.md index 4c4f25d66b..a51ea353e0 100644 --- a/isa/49/05.md +++ b/isa/49/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This part of the sentence means the same as the part before it. This can be stat # I am honored in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has honored me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/06.md b/isa/49/06.md index 07bbfeda15..d0e7605d47 100644 --- a/isa/49/06.md +++ b/isa/49/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The servant bringing Yahweh's message to the Gentiles and helping them to unders # to the ends of the earth The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. Alternate translation: "to all the farthest places of the earth" or "to the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/07.md b/isa/49/07.md index ee62b09506..c92dc062cd 100644 --- a/isa/49/07.md +++ b/isa/49/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "life" represents the person. This can be stated in active form. A # Holy One of Israel See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/isa/49/08.md b/isa/49/08.md index 522fe94bf9..a48a4004c5 100644 --- a/isa/49/08.md +++ b/isa/49/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "land" represents the cities in the land that had been destroyed. # to reassign the desolate inheritance Yahweh speaks of the land as if it were an inheritance that the people of Israel received as a permanent possession. It is implied that the servant is to reassign the land to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "to reassign the desolate land to the people of Israel as their inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/09.md b/isa/49/09.md index a1a480bb23..bc558b3507 100644 --- a/isa/49/09.md +++ b/isa/49/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to his servant. # They will graze along the roads, and on all the bare slopes will be their pasture Yahweh speaks of the people living freely and prosperously as if they were sheep that had plenty of pasture in which to graze. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/10.md b/isa/49/10.md index 7b2acdcd13..6767fe4ed2 100644 --- a/isa/49/10.md +++ b/isa/49/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "heat" describes the word "sun." The people suffering from the sun # for he who has mercy on them ... he will guide them Yahweh speaks of himself in the third person. He speaks of protecting the people and caring for them as if he were their shepherd. Alternate translation: "I, the one who has mercy on them ... I will guide them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/11.md b/isa/49/11.md index 69048649ad..a5f97e53b2 100644 --- a/isa/49/11.md +++ b/isa/49/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will make all my mountains into a road, and make my highways level Yahweh speaks of guiding his people safely and removing obstacles from their path as if he turned mountains into roads and level highways. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/12.md b/isa/49/12.md index 61a7379903..b055c0b0f4 100644 --- a/isa/49/12.md +++ b/isa/49/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land of Sinim The location of this place is uncertain, but it may refer to a region in the southern part of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/13.md b/isa/49/13.md index 14362fe8b6..e8bc5e7953 100644 --- a/isa/49/13.md +++ b/isa/49/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sing, heavens, and be joyful, earth; break into joyful shouting, you mountains! Isaiah turns his attention from the people of Israel and speaks to the heavens, earth, and mountains as if they were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/14.md b/isa/49/14.md index 6ad4e8d1d5..6c9258c551 100644 --- a/isa/49/14.md +++ b/isa/49/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But Zion said The word "Zion" is another name for Jerusalem. Isaiah speaks of the city as if it were a woman who complains that Yahweh has forgotten her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/15.md b/isa/49/15.md index 93cb4cacdf..d4c5c5bab4 100644 --- a/isa/49/15.md +++ b/isa/49/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Can a woman forget her baby, nursing at her breast, so she does not have compassion on the son she has borne? Yahweh uses a question to help his people understand that he will never forget about them or stop caring for them. Alternate translation: "A woman would not forget her nursing baby or stop caring for the son she bore." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/16.md b/isa/49/16.md index 6cc745f51c..8b9baf8835 100644 --- a/isa/49/16.md +++ b/isa/49/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of his unwavering devotion to Zion as if he had written her name o # your walls are continually before me Yahweh speaks of always thinking about Zion as if her walls were always before him. The word "walls" is a metonym for the city. Alternate translation: "I am continually thinking about your walls" or "I am always thinking about you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/17.md b/isa/49/17.md index 8cf9af2f72..690e412c46 100644 --- a/isa/49/17.md +++ b/isa/49/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people who are returning to live in Jerusalem as if they we # destroyed you and made you desolate This is a doublet. Alternate translation: "completely destroyed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/18.md b/isa/49/18.md index fcc8afe126..019f769e97 100644 --- a/isa/49/18.md +++ b/isa/49/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the inhabitants of Zion as if they were jewelry that the city w # you will put them on like a bride The last part of the phrase can be clarified from the previous line. Alternate translation: "you will put them on, like a bride wears jewelry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/19.md b/isa/49/19.md index 8a04b2627e..42ac6ed38c 100644 --- a/isa/49/19.md +++ b/isa/49/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "a waste" and "desolate" mean basically the same thing and emphasize t # those who devoured you The enemy destroying Zion is spoken of as if they had devoured it. Alternate translation: "those who destroyed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/20.md b/isa/49/20.md index 7f5c130c66..1ac56af773 100644 --- a/isa/49/20.md +++ b/isa/49/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the time when the people of Jerusalem were in exile as if the c # The place is too cramped for us This means that there will be so many people that the city will be too small for them all to live in it. - diff --git a/isa/49/21.md b/isa/49/21.md index 56d7160c3a..4857f70cf0 100644 --- a/isa/49/21.md +++ b/isa/49/21.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Zion describes herself as a woman incapable of having more children. She indicat # Who has raised these children? Look, I was left all alone; where did these come from? Again, Zion uses questions to expresses her surprise. Alternate translation: "Look, I was left all alone; now all of these children that I did not raise have come to me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/22.md b/isa/49/22.md index 26ffdc4245..c4b86583ca 100644 --- a/isa/49/22.md +++ b/isa/49/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people who will inhabit Jerusalem as if they were the city' # bosoms The word "bosom" refers to the chest, shoulders, and arms. - diff --git a/isa/49/23.md b/isa/49/23.md index 8b0d903cc6..6cd9ebb89d 100644 --- a/isa/49/23.md +++ b/isa/49/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that this is a literal expression of submission where t # will not be put to shame This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will not be ashamed" or "will not be disappointed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/24.md b/isa/49/24.md index 6037a0e7eb..3077314476 100644 --- a/isa/49/24.md +++ b/isa/49/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ valuable items taken from the losers in a battle # the ruthless This nominal adjective refers to any ruthless person, not to one particular ruthless person. Alternate translation: "ruthless people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/25.md b/isa/49/25.md index 9a60862003..4745da1ec8 100644 --- a/isa/49/25.md +++ b/isa/49/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This nominal adjective refers to any ruthless person, not to one particular ruth # I will ... save your children Yahweh speaks of the people who will inhabit Zion as if they were the city's children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/26.md b/isa/49/26.md index 25e20f9558..8b34fbb245 100644 --- a/isa/49/26.md +++ b/isa/49/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the oppressors will be so hungry that they will eat the # they will get drunk on their own blood, as if it were wine Possible meanings are 1) the oppressors will be so thirsty that they drink the blood of their friends who have died. Alternate translation: "they will drink their friends' blood and be like weak people who are drunk on wine" or 2) Yahweh speaks of the oppressors fighting against and destroying themselves as if they were drinking their own blood. Alternate translation: "they will shed so much of their friends' blood that it will be as though they were getting drunk with wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/49/intro.md b/isa/49/intro.md index cd7537fe6b..67804a851c 100644 --- a/isa/49/intro.md +++ b/isa/49/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Isaiah 49 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. Many scholars believe that there are four songs or poems which Isaiah records about the Messiah. Isaiah 49:1-6 is the second of these songs. They are often called the "servant songs" because they focus on the Messiah being a servant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### A day of salvation -#### A day of salvation It is unclear if this is a reference to the gospel proclaimed by the Messiah or to the day of restoration of all things. The translator should not try to explain its reference to the reader. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/goodnews]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ It is unclear if this is a reference to the gospel proclaimed by the Messiah or * __[Isaiah 49:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../48/intro.md) | [>>](../50/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/50/01.md b/isa/50/01.md index 39291f2911..5cc9bec967 100644 --- a/isa/50/01.md +++ b/isa/50/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh asks this question to emphasize that he did not sell them because he owed # you were sold because of your iniquities, and because of your rebellion your mother was sent away Yahweh gives the reason for sending the people into exile, which he speaks of as if he had sold them and divorced their mother. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I sold you because of your sins, and I divorced your mother because of your rebellion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/02.md b/isa/50/02.md index b8911b4e0b..4289ac0f3f 100644 --- a/isa/50/02.md +++ b/isa/50/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of drying up the rivers as if he were turning them into a desert. # their fish die for lack of water and rot "their fish die and rot for lack of water." The word "their" refers to the sea and the rivers. - diff --git a/isa/50/03.md b/isa/50/03.md index 86e3ae5fcd..2d72aabcd5 100644 --- a/isa/50/03.md +++ b/isa/50/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I clothe the sky with darkness; I cover it with sackcloth These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Yahweh speaks of causing the sky to become dark as if he were clothing it with sackcloth. Alternate translation: "I make the sky dark, as if it were wearing dark sackcloth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/04.md b/isa/50/04.md index 14ef05cff2..f9d0d010ef 100644 --- a/isa/50/04.md +++ b/isa/50/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "my ear" refers to Yahweh's servant. Yahweh enabling him to hear and unders # like those who are taught The servant compares himself with a student who learns from his teacher. Possible meanings are 1) "like one who learns from his teacher" or 2) "like one whom he has taught" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/05.md b/isa/50/05.md index 7a0ac02681..3fdef75afb 100644 --- a/isa/50/05.md +++ b/isa/50/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh enabling his servant to hear and understand is spoken of as if Yahweh ope # I was not rebellious, nor did I turn away backward These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Disobeying what Yahweh said is spoken of as if it were turning one's back toward him. This can be stated in positive terms. Alternate translation: "I obeyed what he said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/06.md b/isa/50/06.md index 88fae4ee2d..abb9c45d00 100644 --- a/isa/50/06.md +++ b/isa/50/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Allowing people to beat him and pluck out his beard is spoken of as if it were g # I did not hide my face from acts of shame and spitting Hiding one's face means to protect oneself. Alternate translation: "I did not defend myself when they mocked me and spat on me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/07.md b/isa/50/07.md index 17ed5e4dd9..f44ca39e88 100644 --- a/isa/50/07.md +++ b/isa/50/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "my face" refers to the servant. The servant being steadfastly determined t # for I know that I will not be put to shame The servant looks to the future with confidence, secure in Yahweh's calling. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for I know that my enemies will not be able to make me feel shame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/08.md b/isa/50/08.md index 2f679cb8c7..1445b21812 100644 --- a/isa/50/08.md +++ b/isa/50/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's servant continues speaking. # Who will oppose me? Let us stand ... Who is my accuser? Let him come The servant uses these questions to emphasize that there is no one who can legitimately accuse him of wrong. Alternate translation: "If anyone would oppose me, let us stand ... If anyone would accuse me, let him come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/09.md b/isa/50/09.md index cec23c426e..fa55f91394 100644 --- a/isa/50/09.md +++ b/isa/50/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The servant uses this question to assert that no one can declare him guilty. Alt # they will all wear out like a garment; the moth will eat them up There being no one left to accuse the servant of being guilty is spoken of as if the accusers were garments that wear thin and are eaten by moths. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/10.md b/isa/50/10.md index d7f4cee48d..4c593301bd 100644 --- a/isa/50/10.md +++ b/isa/50/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The servant speaks of people who are suffering and feel helpless as if they were # trust in the name of Yahweh and lean on his God These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Trusting in God is spoken of as if it were leaning on him. Alternate translation: "trust in Yahweh, his God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/11.md b/isa/50/11.md index 2536d69639..5562c41675 100644 --- a/isa/50/11.md +++ b/isa/50/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the metaphor from the previous verse of people who walk in darkne # You will lie down in a place of pain Here to "lie down" refers to dying. Dying painfully is spoken of as if it were lying down in a place where they will experience pain. Alternate translation: "You will die with great suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/50/intro.md b/isa/50/intro.md index 4ebc00355c..25838c27ef 100644 --- a/isa/50/intro.md +++ b/isa/50/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Isaiah 50 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. Many scholars believe that there are four songs or poems which Isaiah records about the Messiah. Isaiah 50:4-9 is the third of these songs. They are often called the "servant songs" because they focus on the Messiah being a servant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions prove Yahweh's point and are intended to convince the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions prove Yahwe * __[Isaiah 50:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../49/intro.md) | [>>](../51/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/51/01.md b/isa/51/01.md index 50970882aa..8ab6f9d961 100644 --- a/isa/51/01.md +++ b/isa/51/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the rock from which I # the quarry from which you were cut This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the quarry from which I cut you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/02.md b/isa/51/02.md index 1c0937cf98..17c6010bfb 100644 --- a/isa/51/02.md +++ b/isa/51/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means when he did not have any children yet. This can be stated clearly. Al # made him many God speaks of Abraham's descendants being many as if Abraham were many. Alternate translation: "made his descendants many" or "made him have many descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/03.md b/isa/51/03.md index f9070c69a8..edd054608d 100644 --- a/isa/51/03.md +++ b/isa/51/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These phrases mean that God will make the empty places in Israel beautiful. In p # joy and gladness will be found in her Joy and gladness mean the same thing. Being found there represents being there. Alternate translation: "there will be joy and gladness in Zion again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/04.md b/isa/51/04.md index a9c13b8f72..7333a2e651 100644 --- a/isa/51/04.md +++ b/isa/51/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A law is spoken of as if it were able to move itself. Alternate translation: "I law or "decree" or "instruction" - diff --git a/isa/51/05.md b/isa/51/05.md index 8a3fc4e8f8..d47a4271fe 100644 --- a/isa/51/05.md +++ b/isa/51/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the people who live on the coasts of distant lands across the sea # for my arm they will eagerly wait Here God's arm represents what he will do. Here it refers to him saving people. Alternate translation: "they will eagerly wait for me to do something" or "they will eagerly wait for me to save them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/06.md b/isa/51/06.md index 3e3fc4608b..e31a6b7308 100644 --- a/isa/51/06.md +++ b/isa/51/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God's "salvation" here represents the result of his salvation, which is freedom. # my righteousness will never stop working God's "righteousness" here represents him ruling righteously. Alternate translation: "my righteous rule will never end" or "I will rule righteously forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/07.md b/isa/51/07.md index b05e2e5105..e299379d15 100644 --- a/isa/51/07.md +++ b/isa/51/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Having God's law in the heart represents knowing God's law and wanting to obey i # nor be dismayed by their abuse This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and do not lose your courage when they hurt you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/08.md b/isa/51/08.md index 230f006428..35d37fd0c3 100644 --- a/isa/51/08.md +++ b/isa/51/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's "righteousness" here represents him ruling righteously. Alternate translat # and my salvation to all generations God's "salvation" here represents the result of his salvation, which is freedom. Being "to all generations" represents lasting forever. Alternate translation: "I will save you, and you will be free forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/09.md b/isa/51/09.md index cc6a86ebac..c1e14452db 100644 --- a/isa/51/09.md +++ b/isa/51/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The speaker uses a question to emphasize Yahweh's power to do mighty things. Alt # Rahab ... the sea monster Rahab was the name of this mythological serpent in the sea. Rahab can symbolize either the nation of Egypt or evil and chaos. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/10.md b/isa/51/10.md index cebe9b214e..0ea846904d 100644 --- a/isa/51/10.md +++ b/isa/51/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did you not dry up the sea ... for the redeemed to pass through? Again, the speaker uses questions to emphasize Yahweh's power to do mighty things. This refers to Yahweh opening the Red Sea for the Israelites to cross and escape the army of Egypt. Alternate translation: "You dried up the sea ... for the redeemed to pass through." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/11.md b/isa/51/11.md index c616d5255a..0ca2272d2e 100644 --- a/isa/51/11.md +++ b/isa/51/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of the people being overwhelmed by gladness and joy by giving these # sorrow and mourning will flee away This speaks of the people no longer being sorrowful and mourning by speaking of these emotions as if they could run away. Alternate translation: "they will no longer be sorrowful and mourning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/12.md b/isa/51/12.md index 732f1ea9f9..11cab33efa 100644 --- a/isa/51/12.md +++ b/isa/51/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase compares men to grass to emphasize that their lives are short and th # who are made like This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who are like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/13.md b/isa/51/13.md index 4ead35c657..4da328a15d 100644 --- a/isa/51/13.md +++ b/isa/51/13.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here the word "hot" means "strong" or "great." Alternate translation: "great fur # Where is the fury of the oppressor? Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that the people should not fear those who want to oppress them. Their oppressors are no longer a threat to them. This may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "The fury of the oppressor is not a threat!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/14.md b/isa/51/14.md index 39dedd2ac4..01d49e8c1d 100644 --- a/isa/51/14.md +++ b/isa/51/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Sheol. Alternate translation: "the pit of Sheol" or "the grave" ( # nor will he lack bread Here "bread" represents food in general. This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: "nor will he be without food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/15.md b/isa/51/15.md index 5282012e58..a6aebbc16c 100644 --- a/isa/51/15.md +++ b/isa/51/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh causing the sea to move and the waves to rise and fall as # Yahweh of hosts See how you translated this name for Yahweh in [Isaiah 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/51/16.md b/isa/51/16.md index 66f3075c48..a090b8f63f 100644 --- a/isa/51/16.md +++ b/isa/51/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "plant" means to establish something in the ground. Here Yahweh firmly # lay the foundations of the earth The word "foundation" normally refers to a stone structure that gives support to a building from underneath. Here it describes a similar structure that was thought to support and hold the earth in place. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 24:18](../24/18.md). - diff --git a/isa/51/17.md b/isa/51/17.md index 2a53bb8f5b..f61cb6ef56 100644 --- a/isa/51/17.md +++ b/isa/51/17.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here Yahweh is referred to by his hand to emphasize that he is the one who gave # staggering not walking straight, or stumbling while walking - diff --git a/isa/51/18.md b/isa/51/18.md index fceba5f6aa..3e55949d31 100644 --- a/isa/51/18.md +++ b/isa/51/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There is no one ... to guide her; there is no one ... to take her by the hand These two clauses have the same meaning and can be combined. This speaks of Jerusalem being helpless as if the city were a drunk woman without a son to help her walk safely. Alternate translation: "You have no one to help you! You are like a drunk old woman without a son to take her by the hand and guide her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/19.md b/isa/51/19.md index 6278fabd6a..a5ffc1fa37 100644 --- a/isa/51/19.md +++ b/isa/51/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These words have similar meanings and emphasize the destruction of the land caus # the famine and the sword The words "famine" and "sword" describe the trouble that will come upon the people. The "sword" refers to "war." Alternate translation: "many of you have died from hunger and war" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/20.md b/isa/51/20.md index 7a7ec4ae8c..a478fabd10 100644 --- a/isa/51/20.md +++ b/isa/51/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an animal, similar to a deer, that has horns and runs very fast. Alterna # they are filled with the anger of Yahweh, the rebuke of your God The "anger of Yahweh" refers to Yahweh punishing his people because of his anger against them. This speaks of the people having been severely punished as if they had become full of Yahweh's anger. Also, the word "rebuke" can be written as a verb. Alternate translation: "they have been severely punished by Yahweh because he was angry with them and rebuked them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/21.md b/isa/51/21.md index 5db915ff02..3824c799eb 100644 --- a/isa/51/21.md +++ b/isa/51/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses the word "one" here to refer to all of the oppressed people. Alterna # drunken one, but not drunk with wine This speaks of the people acting drunk because they are suffering as if they have become drunk from being forced to drink the bowl of Yahweh's anger. Alternate translation: "you who are drunk from drinking the wine of the bowl of Yahweh's anger" or "you who act drunk, because you have suffered greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/22.md b/isa/51/22.md index 473855e31b..c3c1ce106a 100644 --- a/isa/51/22.md +++ b/isa/51/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "cup" refers to what is in the cup. See how you translated a similar ph # the bowl, which is the cup of my anger Yahweh speaks of having punished people as if he had forced them to drink from a bowl that was filled with his anger. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 51:17](../51/17.md). Alternate translation: "the bowl which is filled with my anger" or "the cup which is filled with my anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/23.md b/isa/51/23.md index 688af22ab5..da91ae4fb0 100644 --- a/isa/51/23.md +++ b/isa/51/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "tormentors" may be expressed with a verb. Alternate translation: "thos # you made your back like the ground and like the street for them to walk on This compares the way their enemies walked on their back to the way people walk on the street. Alternate translation: "you lay in the streets so your enemies could walk on your backs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/51/intro.md b/isa/51/intro.md index dff74c9689..3cdc310907 100644 --- a/isa/51/intro.md +++ b/isa/51/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Isaiah 51 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions prove Yahweh's point and are intended to convince the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -#### Awake +### Awake + In this chapter the author uses sleeping as a metaphor for sin. The people are told to "awake," meaning they are to repent and return to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ In this chapter the author uses sleeping as a metaphor for sin. The people are t * __[Isaiah 51:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../50/intro.md) | [>>](../52/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/52/01.md b/isa/52/01.md index a733864946..add2d160aa 100644 --- a/isa/52/01.md +++ b/isa/52/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to unclean people. A person who God considers spiritually unacceptab # enter you Here "you" refers to Jerusalem which represents the people who live there. It is understood that the uncircumcised and unclean people would enter the city to attack the people. Alternate translation: "enter your city to attack you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/02.md b/isa/52/02.md index d73636e097..97584a8b7f 100644 --- a/isa/52/02.md +++ b/isa/52/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that the people of Jerusalem were wearing chains because they were # daughter of Zion This is an idiom. The "daughter" of a city means the people of the city. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "people of Zion" or "people who live in Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/03.md b/isa/52/03.md index cef5cec198..df52981054 100644 --- a/isa/52/03.md +++ b/isa/52/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You were sold for nothing, and you will be redeemed without money This speaks about Yahweh as if he were the owner of the people of Israel. Since he is the rightful owner he can give them away or take them back whenever he wants. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I sold you for nothing, and I will redeem you without money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/04.md b/isa/52/04.md index b9118971af..208adf5109 100644 --- a/isa/52/04.md +++ b/isa/52/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "beginning" refers to the start of Israel's history as they were first beco # Assyria has oppressed them Assyria refers to the people of Assyria. Alternate translation: "the people of Assyria have treated them badly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/05.md b/isa/52/05.md index 074c3fa7d1..2468d7e20f 100644 --- a/isa/52/05.md +++ b/isa/52/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the Babylonians who have conquered the people. However, some vers # my name is blasphemed continually all day long Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those who watch the enemy take away my people are continually saying evil things about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/06.md b/isa/52/06.md index 9464bed6c0..8043a2a6d2 100644 --- a/isa/52/06.md +++ b/isa/52/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Therefore my people will know my name Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate translation: "Therefore my people will truly know who I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/07.md b/isa/52/07.md index 82200423a0..81bb9569de 100644 --- a/isa/52/07.md +++ b/isa/52/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "feet" represents a messenger who is walking. Alternate translation: "It is # to Zion Here "Zion" represents the people of Zion. Alternate translation: "to the people of Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/08.md b/isa/52/08.md index 44109c68bf..04337c8e74 100644 --- a/isa/52/08.md +++ b/isa/52/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "shout loudly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # every eye of theirs Here "eye" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "every one of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/09.md b/isa/52/09.md index d5680e96cd..de2d3c567d 100644 --- a/isa/52/09.md +++ b/isa/52/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah speaks of the ruins of Jerusalem as if they were a person that could rejo # he has redeemed Jerusalem Here "Jerusalem" represents the people. Alternate translation: "he has redeemed the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/10.md b/isa/52/10.md index 483bdb840d..e38b3fbf6a 100644 --- a/isa/52/10.md +++ b/isa/52/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "arm" represents Yahweh's power. Yahweh showing all the people of the natio # all the nations; all the earth Here "nations" and "earth" represent the people of all the nations all over the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/11.md b/isa/52/11.md index 4d9b0bca50..e0505e182f 100644 --- a/isa/52/11.md +++ b/isa/52/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to touch or eat is spoken of as if it # leave from her midst Here "her" represents Babylon. - diff --git a/isa/52/12.md b/isa/52/12.md index bc92813647..2535ac4b16 100644 --- a/isa/52/12.md +++ b/isa/52/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh will go before you; and the God of Israel will be your rearguard Yahweh protecting his people from their enemies is spoken of as if he were the warriors who go ahead of the people and the warriors who stay behind the people to protect them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/13.md b/isa/52/13.md index fff377560b..88a45b13fd 100644 --- a/isa/52/13.md +++ b/isa/52/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will be high and lifted up, and he will be exalted This can be stated in active form. These two phrases "high and lifted up" and "will be exalted" have basically the same meaning and emphasize that Yahweh will honor his servant. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 33:10](../33/10.md). Alternate translation: "I will give my servant the greatest honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/14.md b/isa/52/14.md index c3af7dd28e..2b25730dd9 100644 --- a/isa/52/14.md +++ b/isa/52/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his appearance was so disfigured beyond that of any man It is implied that the servant is disfigured because enemies beat him very badly. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "his enemies beat his body so badly that he did not even look like a human anymore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/15.md b/isa/52/15.md index eb012b60cf..b0b264c381 100644 --- a/isa/52/15.md +++ b/isa/52/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "shut their mouths" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "kings will s # that which they had not been told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that which no one had told them" or "something no one had told them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/52/intro.md b/isa/52/intro.md index 1546d2ec5b..a4089100c6 100644 --- a/isa/52/intro.md +++ b/isa/52/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Isaiah 52 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There is an important teaching or prophecy about the Messiah beginning in this c * __[Isaiah 52:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../51/intro.md) | [>>](../53/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/53/01.md b/isa/53/01.md index 2865daa565..5e2283e924 100644 --- a/isa/53/01.md +++ b/isa/53/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ What Isaiah just found out is so amazing that he wonders if the exiles will beli # to whom has the arm of Yahweh been revealed? Arm refers to God's power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has revealed his power to people." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/02.md b/isa/53/02.md index be9a1d7ebe..ccac5774f0 100644 --- a/isa/53/02.md +++ b/isa/53/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "he" refers to God's servant whom Isaiah compares to a very young tree. Thi # out of parched earth "parched earth" is hard and dry ground that will not allow plants to grow and represents where the servant of Yahweh will come. Alternate translation: "out of an impossible situation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/03.md b/isa/53/03.md index 249a839f81..565e7d07ff 100644 --- a/isa/53/03.md +++ b/isa/53/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People considered him # he was despised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they considered him to be worthless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/04.md b/isa/53/04.md index 9d353f1e8b..ff671bf12e 100644 --- a/isa/53/04.md +++ b/isa/53/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "bear" or carry an abstraction like sickness and sorrow represents taking it # yet we thought he was being punished by God, struck by God, and afflicted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "yet we thought God was punishing and afflicting him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/05.md b/isa/53/05.md index 07692fd45a..8925b25907 100644 --- a/isa/53/05.md +++ b/isa/53/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to peace with God. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # with his wounds we are healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he healed us by his suffering of the wounds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/06.md b/isa/53/06.md index b24f425832..1b332c0eac 100644 --- a/isa/53/06.md +++ b/isa/53/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Sheep often leave the path on which the shepherd leads them. Isaiah means that w # the iniquity of us all Our "iniquity" here represents the guilt for our sin. Alternate translation: "the guilt for the sin of every one of us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/07.md b/isa/53/07.md index 73b1549492..33b3b5864b 100644 --- a/isa/53/07.md +++ b/isa/53/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Isaiah compares the servant to a lamb and a sheep to emphasize that he will rema # as a lamb that is led to the slaughter This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "just as a lamb is silent as a person slaughters it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/08.md b/isa/53/08.md index 443f90169b..e9e07256c7 100644 --- a/isa/53/08.md +++ b/isa/53/08.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation # of my people "of the people of Israel" - diff --git a/isa/53/09.md b/isa/53/09.md index 24161b166b..ee64e2526e 100644 --- a/isa/53/09.md +++ b/isa/53/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nor had there been any deceit in his mouth "Mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "nor did he deceive anyone when he spoke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/10.md b/isa/53/10.md index ae7efa829e..d8f25a2173 100644 --- a/isa/53/10.md +++ b/isa/53/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of making him live for more time. Alternate translation: "Yahweh wil # Yahweh's purpose will be accomplished through him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will accomplish his purpose through his servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/11.md b/isa/53/11.md index ee3c404b29..10ebb649bd 100644 --- a/isa/53/11.md +++ b/isa/53/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "my" refers to Yahweh. # he will bear their iniquities The word "bear" means carry. Possible meanings are 1) "their iniquities" is a metonym representing the punishment for their sins. Alternate translation: "he will take their punishment" or "he will be punished for their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])or 2) "their iniquities" is a metonym representing their guilt. Alternate translation: "he will take their guilt upon himself" or "he will be guilty for their sins" - diff --git a/isa/53/12.md b/isa/53/12.md index cdc401f79c..e6e692c894 100644 --- a/isa/53/12.md +++ b/isa/53/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Many versions interpret this expression as "the many" or "the strong." # was numbered with the transgressors This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "allowed people to treat him as a criminal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/53/intro.md b/isa/53/intro.md index 68e85bbacb..96089a4847 100644 --- a/isa/53/intro.md +++ b/isa/53/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Isaiah 53 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. In this chapter there is an important teaching or prophecy about the Messiah and his life and ministry. It begins in 52:13 and scholars usually note that it portrays the Messiah as a "suffering servant." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Atonement -#### Atonement This chapter prophesies about the death of Christ for sin. Most scholars believe it teaches that Christ was a righteous man who died for the sins of mankind. This is usually referred to as the atonement. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter prophesies about the death of Christ for sin. Most scholars believe * __[Isaiah 53:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../52/intro.md) | [>>](../54/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/54/01.md b/isa/54/01.md index 8525e6083f..974689b0aa 100644 --- a/isa/54/01.md +++ b/isa/54/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ An event that will happen in the future is spoken of as if it happened in the pa # the desolate one Here "desolate" means that the woman's husband had rejected and abandoned her - diff --git a/isa/54/02.md b/isa/54/02.md index d1e5238332..948bfafae7 100644 --- a/isa/54/02.md +++ b/isa/54/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem. # Make your tent larger ... strengthen your stakes This continues the metaphor that began in [Isaiah 54:1](../54/01.md). Yahweh telling the people of Jerusalem to prepare because Yahweh will greatly increase their people is spoken of as if he is telling a woman to make her tent bigger to make room for many children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/03.md b/isa/54/03.md index b0a0fb00e6..d8e7c03556 100644 --- a/isa/54/03.md +++ b/isa/54/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" is singular and refers to the barren woman. She represents herself an # will conquer nations Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate translation: "will conquer the people of other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/04.md b/isa/54/04.md index 6d2eb5b43e..f08f877a4a 100644 --- a/isa/54/04.md +++ b/isa/54/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem. # you will remember no more the disgrace of your widowhood When Israel is sent into exile, Yahweh says this is like a woman becoming a widow. When they come back from exile, they will be so happy they will be like a woman who no longer remembers the disgrace of being a widow. Alternate Translation: "you will not remember how disgraced you felt when you were like a widow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/05.md b/isa/54/05.md index 98108e865f..74afe836af 100644 --- a/isa/54/05.md +++ b/isa/54/05.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 41:14](../41/14.md). # he is called the God of the whole earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he is the God of the whole earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/06.md b/isa/54/06.md index 7397bdc744..e5b5cd1d11 100644 --- a/isa/54/06.md +++ b/isa/54/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh sending his people away into exile then bringing them back is spoken of a # grieved in spirit Here "spirit" represents a person's inner being. Alternate translation: "grieved" or "made sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/07.md b/isa/54/07.md index b71bbdc2b3..e0292a08f3 100644 --- a/isa/54/07.md +++ b/isa/54/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem. - diff --git a/isa/54/08.md b/isa/54/08.md index 266816e3cb..1dc4e93b7c 100644 --- a/isa/54/08.md +++ b/isa/54/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful." See how you transl # says Yahweh, the one who rescues you Here Yahweh speaks about himself in the third person. It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "that is what I, Yahweh, your rescuer, say to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/09.md b/isa/54/09.md index a7eb7d413d..bd9e5cd162 100644 --- a/isa/54/09.md +++ b/isa/54/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the waters of Noah This refers to the flood that Yahweh caused during the time of Noah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/10.md b/isa/54/10.md index c45c3f7454..6a3031be3b 100644 --- a/isa/54/10.md +++ b/isa/54/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh's not canceling his covenant with the people is spoken of as if his coven # says Yahweh, who has mercy on you Here Yahweh speaks about himself in the third person. It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "that is what I, Yahweh, who acts mercifully, say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/11.md b/isa/54/11.md index 934f249859..a662815009 100644 --- a/isa/54/11.md +++ b/isa/54/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh describes in ideal terms how he will restore Jerusalem and cause it to be # turquoise ... sapphires These are precious gemstones. Turquoise is light blue-to-green, sapphires are typically dark blue. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/12.md b/isa/54/12.md index 3b448c8d99..7aa854a3b2 100644 --- a/isa/54/12.md +++ b/isa/54/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh describes in ideal terms how he will restore Jerusalem and cause it to be # rubies These precious gemstones are red to pink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/13.md b/isa/54/13.md index bc678500a9..d13570e93a 100644 --- a/isa/54/13.md +++ b/isa/54/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "And Yahweh will teach # by Yahweh Yahweh speaks of himself in the third person. It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "by me, Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/14.md b/isa/54/14.md index d5b6c70ff5..29fcff0a6c 100644 --- a/isa/54/14.md +++ b/isa/54/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "righteousness" can be stated as the adjective "right." This c # it will not come near to you No one in the city or outsiders will ever terrify the inhabitants of Jerusalem again. - diff --git a/isa/54/15.md b/isa/54/15.md index 0de4fbd343..0268db9fd7 100644 --- a/isa/54/15.md +++ b/isa/54/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "causes trouble" or "troubles you" (See # will fall in defeat This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "you will defeat them in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/16.md b/isa/54/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/54/16.md +++ b/isa/54/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/54/17.md b/isa/54/17.md index 00a4ce5f51..5e776f4962 100644 --- a/isa/54/17.md +++ b/isa/54/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The reward that Yahweh will give to those who serve him is spoken of as if the r # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Translate as in [Isaiah 30:1](../30/01.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/54/intro.md b/isa/54/intro.md index 89fa3b8b0c..6c4b712b1f 100644 --- a/isa/54/intro.md +++ b/isa/54/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 54 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's covenant faithfulness -#### Yahweh's covenant faithfulness This chapter focuses on Yahweh's faithfulness to fulfill his covenants. It references several different covenant promises in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter focuses on Yahweh's faithfulness to fulfill his covenants. It refer * __[Isaiah 54:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../53/intro.md) | [>>](../55/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/55/01.md b/isa/55/01.md index e8d25e9daf..e51a2d7462 100644 --- a/isa/55/01.md +++ b/isa/55/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This word is repeated three times so the hearers will know that the speaker is s # buy wine and milk without money and without cost There is a sense of irony in this statement since a person usually has to use money to buy something. This emphasizes Yahweh's amazing grace in giving these things freely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/isa/55/02.md b/isa/55/02.md index 5f33a77ba4..1eb8a38a6d 100644 --- a/isa/55/02.md +++ b/isa/55/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The people trusting Yahweh for blessing and happiness is spoken of as if they ar # in fatness The word "fatness" refers to meat that has plenty of fat on it and is an idiom for fine food. Alternate translation: "with the best foods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/55/03.md b/isa/55/03.md index c7145643e0..6eb3fb31b4 100644 --- a/isa/55/03.md +++ b/isa/55/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Turn your ears Listening to or paying attention to someone is spoken of as if it were turning one's ears to someone. Alternate translation: "Pay attention" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/55/04.md b/isa/55/04.md index a498ce1db5..e9358b2c3f 100644 --- a/isa/55/04.md +++ b/isa/55/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have placed him These words could refer to 1) what Yahweh did for King David in the past or 2) what God will do through one of David's descendants. - diff --git a/isa/55/05.md b/isa/55/05.md index cefcac9322..b2ae4626f6 100644 --- a/isa/55/05.md +++ b/isa/55/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem. # the Holy One of Israel See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/isa/55/06.md b/isa/55/06.md index ead73ffd22..8e1c5b9c14 100644 --- a/isa/55/06.md +++ b/isa/55/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Seek Yahweh while he may be found This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Seek Yahweh while you can still find him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/55/07.md b/isa/55/07.md index c1ee15ca3d..1e7d9b8149 100644 --- a/isa/55/07.md +++ b/isa/55/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the way he thinks" or 2) "his plans" # to our God The verb may be supplied from the first phrase in this sentence. Alternate translation: "let him return to our God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/55/08.md b/isa/55/08.md index b71bbdc2b3..e0292a08f3 100644 --- a/isa/55/08.md +++ b/isa/55/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem. - diff --git a/isa/55/09.md b/isa/55/09.md index 0e46bee353..c15eb252a7 100644 --- a/isa/55/09.md +++ b/isa/55/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways, and my thoughts than your thoughts Yahweh speaks of the things that he does and how he thinks as being far superior to or higher than what people do and think, just like the sky is much higher than the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/55/10.md b/isa/55/10.md index 7744474ef8..33442f919a 100644 --- a/isa/55/10.md +++ b/isa/55/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem. # For as the rain and snow ... do not return there This is likely a description of the rain and snow evaporating. - diff --git a/isa/55/11.md b/isa/55/11.md index eeb809d473..a537784fb0 100644 --- a/isa/55/11.md +++ b/isa/55/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "mouth" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "the wor # it will not return to me empty Here the description of the word returning to Yahweh means that it has completed the task that Yahweh had sent it to complete. That it will not return "empty" means that it will not fail to accomplish its task. Alternate translation: "it will not fail to complete its task" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/55/12.md b/isa/55/12.md index 529c05b991..2c7cdc4f9a 100644 --- a/isa/55/12.md +++ b/isa/55/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will lead you along # the mountains and the hills will break out in joyful shouts before you, and all the trees of the fields will clap their hands Yahweh speaks of the mountains, hills, and trees as if they were people with voices and hands, celebrating as Yahweh rescues his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/55/13.md b/isa/55/13.md index 4d5b39cd2a..00c96f5017 100644 --- a/isa/55/13.md +++ b/isa/55/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's fame. Alternate translation: "for his f # that will not be cut off Something ceasing to exist is spoken of as if it were cut off, as a branch is cut off of a tree or a piece of fabric is cut off of clothing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that will never end" or "that will last forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/55/intro.md b/isa/55/intro.md index fa9ac8e8f9..27d728a726 100644 --- a/isa/55/intro.md +++ b/isa/55/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 55 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Gentiles -#### Gentiles Many scholars believe this chapter prophesies that Gentiles will be able to come to a saving faith in Yahweh. At this time, the Israelites believed that only an Israelite could be saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Many scholars believe this chapter prophesies that Gentiles will be able to come * __[Isaiah 55:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../54/intro.md) | [>>](../56/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/56/01.md b/isa/56/01.md index b2565420d3..3c7f531c45 100644 --- a/isa/56/01.md +++ b/isa/56/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for my salvation is near, and my righteousness is about to be revealed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will soon save you and show you that I am righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/56/02.md b/isa/56/02.md index 67fcfc57d8..0c831338bd 100644 --- a/isa/56/02.md +++ b/isa/56/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "holds it tightly" is an idiom that means to continue to observe something. # keeps his hand from doing any evil Here the "hand" represents the whole person and emphasizes the person's actions or behaviors. Alternate translation: "does not do evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/56/03.md b/isa/56/03.md index a3f883cf27..685a004be2 100644 --- a/isa/56/03.md +++ b/isa/56/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See, I am a dry tree This means eunuchs may have thought they could not be a part of God's people because they were deformed by castration (and for this reason could not have children). Israelites did not practice castration; foreigners did, sometimes for punishment. Eunuchs who had accepted the Hebrew faith knew that normally they were not allowed to worship in the temple (Deut. 23:1). The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/56/04.md b/isa/56/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/56/04.md +++ b/isa/56/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/56/05.md b/isa/56/05.md index 55da0ed545..6ca05458ac 100644 --- a/isa/56/05.md +++ b/isa/56/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "inside the walls # that will never be cut off This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that will never end" or "that will never be forgotten" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/56/06.md b/isa/56/06.md index c055ee3475..baac04ebd3 100644 --- a/isa/56/06.md +++ b/isa/56/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who love the name of Yahweh Yahweh's "name" represents himself. Alternate translation: "who love Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/56/07.md b/isa/56/07.md index 330c91e814..c03d916ac4 100644 --- a/isa/56/07.md +++ b/isa/56/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will accept on my a # my house will be called a house of prayer This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my house will be a house of prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/56/08.md b/isa/56/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/56/08.md +++ b/isa/56/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/56/09.md b/isa/56/09.md index ee96f5fe1c..7f8eeedd90 100644 --- a/isa/56/09.md +++ b/isa/56/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All you wild beasts of the field, come and devour, all you beasts in the forest God is calling armies of other nations by comparing them to animals to come and attack the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/56/10.md b/isa/56/10.md index c54fa74dcd..e08f224ee4 100644 --- a/isa/56/10.md +++ b/isa/56/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The leaders are supposed to open their mouths and warn the people, but they do n # They dream, and lying down they love to sleep This means the leaders are not bringing God's word of warning to Israel but prefer their own comfort. - diff --git a/isa/56/11.md b/isa/56/11.md index 241b1229fa..9139513caa 100644 --- a/isa/56/11.md +++ b/isa/56/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues describing the evil leaders of his people. # The dogs have big appetites Yahweh continues comparing Israel's bad leaders to dogs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/56/12.md b/isa/56/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/56/12.md +++ b/isa/56/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/56/intro.md b/isa/56/intro.md index 973eb7ded6..29f9903381 100644 --- a/isa/56/intro.md +++ b/isa/56/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 56 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Gentiles -#### Gentiles Many scholars believe this chapter prophesies that Gentiles will be able to come to a saving faith in Yahweh. At this time, the Israelites believed that only an Israelite could be saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Beasts -#### Beasts The Israelites are compared to beasts and dogs in this chapter. This would have been very offensive to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ The Israelites are compared to beasts and dogs in this chapter. This would have * __[Isaiah 56:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../55/intro.md) | [>>](../57/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/57/01.md b/isa/57/01.md index 3579ca795f..b874abae3c 100644 --- a/isa/57/01.md +++ b/isa/57/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful." See how you transl # that the righteous is gathered away from the evil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the righteous people die, and Yahweh takes them away from all that is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/02.md b/isa/57/02.md index bd29f3103e..958c521402 100644 --- a/isa/57/02.md +++ b/isa/57/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ they die (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) # those who walk in their uprightness "those who have done what is right" - diff --git a/isa/57/03.md b/isa/57/03.md index 8ce8943ff6..9d053369a2 100644 --- a/isa/57/03.md +++ b/isa/57/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a strong insult against the people who practice sorcery because sorcery # children of the adulterer and the woman who has prostituted herself This refers to actual and spiritual adultery. They have abandoned the worship of God and now worship other gods and idols along with actual prostitution in pagan Canaanite ceremonies. - diff --git a/isa/57/04.md b/isa/57/04.md index 733d97a8c1..59580d93e2 100644 --- a/isa/57/04.md +++ b/isa/57/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses questions to scold the people who are mocking him through false wors # Are you not children of rebellion, children of deceit? Yahweh uses another question to scold the people. This does not refer to their birth but to their spiritual state. Alternate translation: "You are children of rebellion, children of deceit!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/05.md b/isa/57/05.md index fb5b329c01..4486b7c1dd 100644 --- a/isa/57/05.md +++ b/isa/57/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel. # You heat yourselves ... under the rocky overhangs All of these actions are associated with worshiping idols. The oaks were sacred trees to the Canaanites. People thought such activity would increase fertility for people and the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/06.md b/isa/57/06.md index 7bcc0d43cd..b11d42ec01 100644 --- a/isa/57/06.md +++ b/isa/57/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. The exact meaning in Hebrew is unclear. Alter # Concerning these things should I repent? Yahweh uses a question to scold the people. Alternate translation: "I should certainly not change my mind about how I will deal with these things you have done." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/07.md b/isa/57/07.md index afa675f9c8..86e2344f72 100644 --- a/isa/57/07.md +++ b/isa/57/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to sleeping with prostitutes as a part of worshiping false gods. (Se # on a high mountain People often went on top of hills and mountains to worship false gods. They thought those were the best places for worship. This might even refer to Jerusalem, too. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/08.md b/isa/57/08.md index b105158e9a..a6ac6f4105 100644 --- a/isa/57/08.md +++ b/isa/57/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You made a covenant with them "You made a contract with them" - diff --git a/isa/57/09.md b/isa/57/09.md index 9b77075ab5..c316888f2b 100644 --- a/isa/57/09.md +++ b/isa/57/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel. # you went down to Sheol The people did not literally go to Sheol, the world of the dead. Instead, Yahweh is indicating by exaggeration that the people were willing to go anywhere to find new gods to worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/10.md b/isa/57/10.md index 2c1803786e..53468d5284 100644 --- a/isa/57/10.md +++ b/isa/57/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You found life in your hand After trying so hard, the idolators found they still had strength to keep going. Here "hand" equals "strength" or "capacity." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/11.md b/isa/57/11.md index acc98ccdf4..15ab2408f3 100644 --- a/isa/57/11.md +++ b/isa/57/11.md @@ -1,16 +1,15 @@ # General Information: -Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel. +Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel. # Whom are you worried about? Whom do you fear? Is that the reason that you have acted deceitfully, so that you do not remember me or think about me? Yahweh uses these questions to scold the people because they feared others rather than him. They didn't even think about him. Alternate translation: "Apparently you really fear others because you have acted deceitfully and you do not rememer me or think about me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) # you have acted deceitfully - + Possible meanings are that they lied to God or that they were not faithful to him. # so that you do not remember me or think about me These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that, although the people should have remembered Yahweh, they did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/12.md b/isa/57/12.md index 276496393b..a9a8d7e04f 100644 --- a/isa/57/12.md +++ b/isa/57/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will proclaim all your righteous acts and tell all that you have done Yahweh is being sarcastic, calling their evil deeds so-called righteousness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/13.md b/isa/57/13.md index d3d24ecac8..afc9900866 100644 --- a/isa/57/13.md +++ b/isa/57/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is saying the same thing in two ways to emphasize that idols are helpless a # holy mountain The "holy mountain" is Mount Zion, in Jerusalem. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 11:9](../11/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/57/14.md b/isa/57/14.md index fef475c592..2e4c50a0f6 100644 --- a/isa/57/14.md +++ b/isa/57/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Build, build! Clear a way! Remove all the stumbling blocks from the path of my people Yahweh is emphatic and urgent that a clear and level road be available for the people to return to him and free of obstacles to worshiping Yahweh. This echoes [Isaiah 40:3](../40/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/15.md b/isa/57/15.md index 8c78b92e28..92110a0497 100644 --- a/isa/57/15.md +++ b/isa/57/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh will s # spirit ... heart Here these refer to a person's thoughts and emotions, not the spirit and heart literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/16.md b/isa/57/16.md index b890f97d76..d7c75db8fa 100644 --- a/isa/57/16.md +++ b/isa/57/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/isa/57/17.md b/isa/57/17.md index 965a0515bd..60dfcf4963 100644 --- a/isa/57/17.md +++ b/isa/57/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means God gave up on his people and no longer helped or blessed them. (See: # he went backward in the way of his heart This means the Israelites kept rejecting the true God for false ones. Here "backward" and "way" are location words representing motivations and feelings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/18.md b/isa/57/18.md index 1c139ef062..371d1697e2 100644 --- a/isa/57/18.md +++ b/isa/57/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # comfort and console those who mourn for him "I will soothe and calm those who feel sad for the people's suffering because of their sinful behavior" - diff --git a/isa/57/19.md b/isa/57/19.md index c5d56486f6..d610986872 100644 --- a/isa/57/19.md +++ b/isa/57/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "fruit of the lips" refers to what a person says. Alternate translation: "I # Peace, peace, to those who are far off "I have made peace with them who are far off." The word "Peace" is repeated for emphasis. - diff --git a/isa/57/20.md b/isa/57/20.md index 891a8660e4..40f865a1aa 100644 --- a/isa/57/20.md +++ b/isa/57/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But the wicked are like the tossing sea ... mire and mud This compares the wicked to rough water on the shore that makes the water dirty. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/57/21.md b/isa/57/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/57/21.md +++ b/isa/57/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/57/intro.md b/isa/57/intro.md index ecf42ec2c9..b7a8118087 100644 --- a/isa/57/intro.md +++ b/isa/57/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 57 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Child sacrifice -#### Child sacrifice This chapter references the killing of children. Some religions in the ancient Near East practiced the sacrificing of their children. This was considered evil by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Mocking -#### Mocking The people abandoned the worship of Yahweh in favor of other gods. When they needed help, he tells them to ask these false gods. This is mocking the power of the false gods and shows the people the uselessness of their worship of these gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ The people abandoned the worship of Yahweh in favor of other gods. When they nee * __[Isaiah 57:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../56/intro.md) | [>>](../58/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/58/01.md b/isa/58/01.md index 70f5e0c3fc..63970681dc 100644 --- a/isa/58/01.md +++ b/isa/58/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means shout loudly. Here "your" refers to Isaiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # Confront my people with their rebellion, and the house of Jacob with their sins These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Together they strengthen the urgency to confront Yahweh's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/02.md b/isa/58/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/58/02.md +++ b/isa/58/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/58/03.md b/isa/58/03.md index de606d4401..27ec2af2c2 100644 --- a/isa/58/03.md +++ b/isa/58/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 'Why have we fasted,' they say, 'but you do not see it? Why have we humbled ourselves, but you do not notice?' The people of Israel use questions to complain to God because they feel he is ignoring them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/04.md b/isa/58/04.md index 71f247d497..c8e7f564dc 100644 --- a/isa/58/04.md +++ b/isa/58/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel by answering their challenging # fist of wickedness "wicked fist." This shows that they fight viciously. "Fist" represents anger that is physically violent. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/05.md b/isa/58/05.md index 8066f790e1..7dada50632 100644 --- a/isa/58/05.md +++ b/isa/58/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means the person is bowing down, but he is not truly humble. "A reed" repre # Do you really call this a fast, a day that pleases Yahweh? Yahweh uses a question to scold the people. Alternate translation: "Surely you do not think this kind of fast pleases me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/06.md b/isa/58/06.md index cb390229d9..bbd8463ecf 100644 --- a/isa/58/06.md +++ b/isa/58/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses a question to teach the people about the kind of fast that pleases h # To release wicked bonds, to undo the ropes of the yoke, to set the crushed ones free, and to break every yoke All of these phrases mean they should help those people whom the wicked are hurting and oppressing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/07.md b/isa/58/07.md index f2fb1be56a..d553a6c0d8 100644 --- a/isa/58/07.md +++ b/isa/58/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses another question to teach the people. The word "it" refers to the ki # to break your bread with the hungry This phrase represents sharing food with those who do not have any. The host would start the meal by tearing the loaf of bread apart. Alternate translation: "to share your food with those who are hungry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/08.md b/isa/58/08.md index 7ba7527907..b156942eb8 100644 --- a/isa/58/08.md +++ b/isa/58/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the time when God protected the people of Israel as they escaped # your righteousness This expression in Hebrew can also be interpreted as the one who gives righteousness or even victory. In this context, this expression would refer to God. A few modern versions have this interpretation. - diff --git a/isa/58/09.md b/isa/58/09.md index b890f97d76..d7c75db8fa 100644 --- a/isa/58/09.md +++ b/isa/58/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/isa/58/10.md b/isa/58/10.md index 2ec8e244ad..a1c6b549b5 100644 --- a/isa/58/10.md +++ b/isa/58/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then your light will rise in the darkness, and your darkness will be like the noonday "Your light" represents the acts of kindness that will be examples to everyone, and the "darkness," the bad deeds, will be overcome by their good deeds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/11.md b/isa/58/11.md index 855f4812bb..31d09e022b 100644 --- a/isa/58/11.md +++ b/isa/58/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # like a spring of water, whose waters never fail "A spring of water" represents a source of abundance in a land where water is precious. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/12.md b/isa/58/12.md index 4ed2020bc6..7a7c634ac3 100644 --- a/isa/58/12.md +++ b/isa/58/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # you will be called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will call you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/13.md b/isa/58/13.md index cfbbd9a4e8..5393ed6171 100644 --- a/isa/58/13.md +++ b/isa/58/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # you turn back your feet from traveling on the Sabbath day, and from doing your own pleasure on my holy day Here the people are represented by their "feet." God did not allow long travels or work on the day of rest. Alternate translation: "you stop traveling and doing what you want to do on the Sabbath, my holy day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/14.md b/isa/58/14.md index 000a4b4dcb..70c6fad7c9 100644 --- a/isa/58/14.md +++ b/isa/58/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to God exalting the nation in reputation and power in response to li # for the mouth of Yahweh has spoken The word "mouth" symbolizes what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh has spoken it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/58/intro.md b/isa/58/intro.md index ccfddec23e..523692c2a9 100644 --- a/isa/58/intro.md +++ b/isa/58/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Isaiah 58 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Fasting -#### Fasting The practice of fasting became more common after the exile. This was intended to bring people into a right relationship with God by creating a designated time to concentrate on him. It may have been believed that Yahweh heard people better when they fasted. The significance of fasting is derived from the faster's attitude of repentance and faith in Yahweh and not the practice itself. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Yet they seek me daily" -#### "Yet they seek me daily" The people did not truly seek Yahweh every day. They practiced the outward aspects of the Jewish religion, but their hearts were far from Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ The people did not truly seek Yahweh every day. They practiced the outward aspec * __[Isaiah 58:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../57/intro.md) | [>>](../59/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/59/01.md b/isa/59/01.md index e8e65968df..f57633d3c2 100644 --- a/isa/59/01.md +++ b/isa/59/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Yahweh's hand is not so short "Hand" represents power and ability. A "short" hand does not have power and ability. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is fully able" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/02.md b/isa/59/02.md index a0dad604a2..8fc551cb62 100644 --- a/isa/59/02.md +++ b/isa/59/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These plural pronouns refer to the people of Israel as a single group. (See: [[r # your sins have made him hide his face from you "Face" represents being present and looking upon. Alternate translation: "your sins have made him turn away from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/03.md b/isa/59/03.md index 245d6d7bbf..ec804f3a5e 100644 --- a/isa/59/03.md +++ b/isa/59/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hands" and "fingers" refers to their actions. This means they are guilty o # Your lips speak lies and your tongue speaks maliciously The parts of the body that make speech represent what people say. Alternate translation: "You speak lies and malicious things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/04.md b/isa/59/04.md index 95beeee16f..bcabf4af67 100644 --- a/isa/59/04.md +++ b/isa/59/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they conceive trouble and give birth to iniquity "Conceiving" and "giving birth" emphasize how carefully they plan to do sinful things. Here "they" still refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "they work hard to do sinful things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/05.md b/isa/59/05.md index 17ff24a4d4..a537bdb0ca 100644 --- a/isa/59/05.md +++ b/isa/59/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Eating a poisonous egg will kill the one that eats it and represents self-destru # if an egg is crushed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if someone crushes an egg" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/06.md b/isa/59/06.md index 0cb5c96de6..3b0679cb79 100644 --- a/isa/59/06.md +++ b/isa/59/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They cannot clothe th # deeds of violence are in their hands "Hands" represents the ability and power to do these things and therefore their responsibility. Alternate translation: "they are fully responsible for the violence they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/07.md b/isa/59/07.md index 776eb2ba39..48b5fdfb01 100644 --- a/isa/59/07.md +++ b/isa/59/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here people are represented by their "feet." This speaks of them doing something # are their roads "roads" represents their way of life. Alternate translation: "are all they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/08.md b/isa/59/08.md index 410a7584e0..f90792d71a 100644 --- a/isa/59/08.md +++ b/isa/59/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They have made crooked paths "Crooked paths" represents the way of life that is corrupt. Alternate translation: "They say and do dishonest things. They are devious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/09.md b/isa/59/09.md index 5ed5a93808..574c5d8367 100644 --- a/isa/59/09.md +++ b/isa/59/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "us" refers to Isaiah and the people of Israel. "Far" represents that justi # We wait for light, but see darkness; we look for brightness, but we walk in darkness Each of these phrases means that the people are waiting for God's goodness, but it seems like he has abandoned them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/10.md b/isa/59/10.md index 662a6561e5..0ba07eb39f 100644 --- a/isa/59/10.md +++ b/isa/59/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We grope for the wall like the blind ... like dead men This means that because God is not coming to them, they feel helpless, not finding the right path and despairing of the future, with no hope for a vibrant life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/11.md b/isa/59/11.md index 66332b8eaf..79e2921695 100644 --- a/isa/59/11.md +++ b/isa/59/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel. # We growl like bears and moan like doves These refer to the sounds the people made because they were distressed and mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/12.md b/isa/59/12.md index 4662bb9131..99e8059d61 100644 --- a/isa/59/12.md +++ b/isa/59/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Isaiah describes the sins as a person who goes before God to declare that the pe # for our transgressions are with us "With us" represents being aware of them. Alternate translation: "for we are aware of our transgressions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/13.md b/isa/59/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/59/13.md +++ b/isa/59/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/59/14.md b/isa/59/14.md index 8d46c64ce6..2dabd064d6 100644 --- a/isa/59/14.md +++ b/isa/59/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The people drive just # Justice ... righteousness ... truth ... right These are ideas that Isaiah describes as acting like persons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/15.md b/isa/59/15.md index 88c4afd695..241735a3f0 100644 --- a/isa/59/15.md +++ b/isa/59/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Trustworthiness Isaiah describes this idea as acting like a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/16.md b/isa/59/16.md index 3cc0802888..03d14a5817 100644 --- a/isa/59/16.md +++ b/isa/59/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh's "arm" represents his ability and power. Alternate translation: "Yahweh # his righteousness sustained him "Righteousness" here is a quality that acts like a person. The word can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "he did right as he always would do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/17.md b/isa/59/17.md index 997bd6a427..a4f371dd16 100644 --- a/isa/59/17.md +++ b/isa/59/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # mantle a loose, flowing robe - diff --git a/isa/59/18.md b/isa/59/18.md index 2bc4b9723b..a8b0dea749 100644 --- a/isa/59/18.md +++ b/isa/59/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "wrath" is a metonym for the punishment he brought on his adversaries. # the islands This phrase is a metonym for the people who lived on the islands or coastlands. Alternate translation: "teh people who live on the islands" or "the people who live on the coastlands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/19.md b/isa/59/19.md index 91b3c21f90..f1ded07df1 100644 --- a/isa/59/19.md +++ b/isa/59/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Narrow valleys in Judah were dry most of the year until a sudden, heavy rain tur # driven by the breath of Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which the breath of Yahweh drives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/20.md b/isa/59/20.md index ba5eaf88f5..4920898fd4 100644 --- a/isa/59/20.md +++ b/isa/59/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Translate as in [Isaiah 30:1](../30/01.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/59/21.md b/isa/59/21.md index 6ca7f36933..952b800c63 100644 --- a/isa/59/21.md +++ b/isa/59/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my words which I have put in your mouth "the message I have given you to speak" - diff --git a/isa/59/intro.md b/isa/59/intro.md index 066041a3e9..962b0ea12f 100644 --- a/isa/59/intro.md +++ b/isa/59/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 59 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's deliverance -#### Yahweh's deliverance When Israel was conquered, they were being punished for their sin. Yahweh is strong enough to deliver them, but he did not because he desired to refine them through the experience of the exile. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ When Israel was conquered, they were being punished for their sin. Yahweh is str * __[Isaiah 59:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../58/intro.md) | [>>](../60/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/60/01.md b/isa/60/01.md index fefe71a88b..d9c9517742 100644 --- a/isa/60/01.md +++ b/isa/60/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel. # Arise, shine; for your light has come, and the glory of Yahweh has risen on you This refers to the glorious things Yahweh has done for the inhabitants of Jerusalem. They are now to show that glory through what they do and say and have hope in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/02.md b/isa/60/02.md index 31b332a25b..26d57dc954 100644 --- a/isa/60/02.md +++ b/isa/60/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means the light of God's presence will appear for the people of Israel, and # his glory will be seen on you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people of the nations will see his glory on you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/03.md b/isa/60/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/60/03.md +++ b/isa/60/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/60/04.md b/isa/60/04.md index 521ecf92e8..3ccb97b671 100644 --- a/isa/60/04.md +++ b/isa/60/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh begins speaking. # your daughters will be carried in their arms This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will carry your daughters in their arms" or "they will carry your daughters on their hips" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/05.md b/isa/60/05.md index 6589c0f72a..81845da063 100644 --- a/isa/60/05.md +++ b/isa/60/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the riches and goods that will come to Jerusalem by way of shippi # be poured out to you This describes that the abundance will be like water that gushes out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/06.md b/isa/60/06.md index 56b9ccdddd..e2fcba2e2e 100644 --- a/isa/60/06.md +++ b/isa/60/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ an area in Arabia (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # bring the good news of the praises of Yahweh "joyfully proclaim and praise the goodness of Yahweh" - diff --git a/isa/60/07.md b/isa/60/07.md index 8c196016c7..a7ed9bb410 100644 --- a/isa/60/07.md +++ b/isa/60/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to their need for sacrifices. # they will be acceptable offerings on my altar "I, Yahweh, will accept them on my altar" - diff --git a/isa/60/08.md b/isa/60/08.md index fe73775622..dc6faf09c8 100644 --- a/isa/60/08.md +++ b/isa/60/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # Who are these who fly along like a cloud, and like the doves to their shelters? Yahweh uses questions and poetic images to draw attention here. He compares the sails of the ships to clouds and doves. This is also a picture of the Israelites returning to the country where they belong. Alternate translation: "Look, I see something like clouds moving quickly and like doves returning to their shelters." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/09.md b/isa/60/09.md index 58d4388078..cd7c202fa1 100644 --- a/isa/60/09.md +++ b/isa/60/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md). # he has honored you "Yahweh has honored you, the people of Israel" - diff --git a/isa/60/10.md b/isa/60/10.md index b890f97d76..d7c75db8fa 100644 --- a/isa/60/10.md +++ b/isa/60/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/isa/60/11.md b/isa/60/11.md index f1036eac99..e129bc9181 100644 --- a/isa/60/11.md +++ b/isa/60/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "day" and "night" together mean "all the time." This can be stated in activ # so that the wealth of the nations may be brought, with their kings being led This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that the people of the nations may bring their wealth, along with their kings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/12.md b/isa/60/12.md index 6c114e7b34..fa745ec7ad 100644 --- a/isa/60/12.md +++ b/isa/60/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # those nations will be completely ruined The phrase "those nations" is a metonym for the people who live in those nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will completely destroy the people of those nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/13.md b/isa/60/13.md index d4888b4a36..690e752bef 100644 --- a/isa/60/13.md +++ b/isa/60/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Lebanon being famous for its beautiful trees, especially cypress # the place of my feet This refers to Yahweh's temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/14.md b/isa/60/14.md index 61d14e7278..ece077c9b3 100644 --- a/isa/60/14.md +++ b/isa/60/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # Holy One of Israel See how you translated this in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/isa/60/15.md b/isa/60/15.md index 294fb1c743..cab0f71303 100644 --- a/isa/60/15.md +++ b/isa/60/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # with no one passing through you "with everyone avoiding your land" or "with all the foreigners avoiding your land" - diff --git a/isa/60/16.md b/isa/60/16.md index 8cbd369698..bbd9283f64 100644 --- a/isa/60/16.md +++ b/isa/60/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Isaiah 41:14](../41/14.md). # the Mighty One of Jacob See how you translated this in [Isaiah 49:26](../49/26.md). - diff --git a/isa/60/17.md b/isa/60/17.md index 349247b865..84c320c31d 100644 --- a/isa/60/17.md +++ b/isa/60/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh will give more valuable building materials to them now. Alternate transla # I will appoint peace as your governors, and justice your rulers Yahweh describes "peace" and "justice" as human rulers. This means there will be complete peace and justice in the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/18.md b/isa/60/18.md index 3b4afc7089..682bacdd4e 100644 --- a/isa/60/18.md +++ b/isa/60/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "There will no longer # but you will call your walls Salvation, and your gates Praise The physical objects have the names of spiritual qualities. The city of Jerusalem will be a safe place, and the people there will praise Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/19.md b/isa/60/19.md index b890f97d76..d7c75db8fa 100644 --- a/isa/60/19.md +++ b/isa/60/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/isa/60/20.md b/isa/60/20.md index adbc4679d0..f1b713dffa 100644 --- a/isa/60/20.md +++ b/isa/60/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both verses repeat this same idea for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # Your sun will no longer set, nor will your moon withdraw and disappear The moon will not literally disappear. This exaggeration is saying that the light of the sun and the moon will be much less bright than the light of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/21.md b/isa/60/21.md index dbd2ddeebb..fdad773afc 100644 --- a/isa/60/21.md +++ b/isa/60/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh compares the people of Israel to something made by the skill of his handi # that I may be glorified This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that all people may glorify me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/22.md b/isa/60/22.md index a110f1f5c9..e364fee3be 100644 --- a/isa/60/22.md +++ b/isa/60/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a thousand "1,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/isa/60/intro.md b/isa/60/intro.md index 8bf0663dbb..d560e1f14d 100644 --- a/isa/60/intro.md +++ b/isa/60/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 60 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel's restoration -#### Israel's restoration This chapter pictures a time when Israel will be fully restored to Yahweh. They will be everything Yahweh intended them to be. All the nations will look to Israel and acknowledge her special relationship to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter pictures a time when Israel will be fully restored to Yahweh. They * __[Isaiah 60:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../59/intro.md) | [>>](../61/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/61/01.md b/isa/61/01.md index d141d81c98..cb7240823a 100644 --- a/isa/61/01.md +++ b/isa/61/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to poor people, those in great sorrow, or oppressed people who have # liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison for those who are bound These two phrases mean the same thing. They state that God will certainly give freedom to captives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/61/02.md b/isa/61/02.md index 769fe409be..aecd333a7f 100644 --- a/isa/61/02.md +++ b/isa/61/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these phrases refer to the same span of time. "Year" and "day" are both # year of Yahweh's favor "time when Yahweh will act kindly toward his people" - diff --git a/isa/61/03.md b/isa/61/03.md index 7c53c7cc97..aa40cdcc47 100644 --- a/isa/61/03.md +++ b/isa/61/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This means Yahweh has caused the people to be strong and sturdy. (See: [[rc://en # that he may be glorified This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that the people's lives may glorify him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/61/04.md b/isa/61/04.md index 2ece2f90ba..60a151fd21 100644 --- a/isa/61/04.md +++ b/isa/61/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Isaiah continues speaking using parallelisms in each line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/61/05.md b/isa/61/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/61/05.md +++ b/isa/61/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/61/06.md b/isa/61/06.md index 6a50178ef2..d71dfe4784 100644 --- a/isa/61/06.md +++ b/isa/61/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's servant continues speaking to the people of Israel with each line a par # You will be called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will call you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/61/07.md b/isa/61/07.md index 7012d6f685..b5b009c5cc 100644 --- a/isa/61/07.md +++ b/isa/61/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This probably refers to a double portion of land. # they will rejoice over their share ... they will ... their land ... will be theirs This still refers to the people of Israel. This can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: "you will rejoice over your share ... you will ... your land ... will be yours" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/61/08.md b/isa/61/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/61/08.md +++ b/isa/61/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/61/09.md b/isa/61/09.md index 3812217a71..f57f259763 100644 --- a/isa/61/09.md +++ b/isa/61/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two clauses mean the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Altern # their offspring among the peoples This clause assumes the same verb as the previous one. Alternate translation: "their offspring will be known among the peoples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/isa/61/10.md b/isa/61/10.md index 4c579737f2..0ebd4e4728 100644 --- a/isa/61/10.md +++ b/isa/61/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This comparison emphasizes that the speaker is extremely happy, joyful, celebrat # turban See how you translated this in [Isaiah 61:3](../61/03.md). - diff --git a/isa/61/11.md b/isa/61/11.md index eefc7c1672..0d40035cee 100644 --- a/isa/61/11.md +++ b/isa/61/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is saying the same thing in two ways. The fact that whatever God says he wi # righteousness and praise to sprout up This expression describes these virtues as growing from seed like plants do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/61/intro.md b/isa/61/intro.md index 64322d9f9b..da424c4203 100644 --- a/isa/61/intro.md +++ b/isa/61/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Isaiah 61 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. The first part of this chapter is probably a prophecy about the coming Messiah and not Isaiah because this was different than the message Isaiah delivered. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Restoration -#### Restoration This chapter prophesies concerning a future time of peace and restoration. It is unlikely to have been fulfilled in Isaiah's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter prophesies concerning a future time of peace and restoration. It is * __[Isaiah 61:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../60/intro.md) | [>>](../62/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/62/01.md b/isa/62/01.md index 8b2a576813..c2eb847ec5 100644 --- a/isa/62/01.md +++ b/isa/62/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is most likely that "I" refers to Isaiah. # until her righteousness proceeds brightly, and her salvation as a burning torch Both clauses reassure the people that God will eventually come and save the people of Israel and that it will be as apparent as light is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/62/02.md b/isa/62/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/62/02.md +++ b/isa/62/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/62/03.md b/isa/62/03.md index 25fd86a6e6..2f5f4c3d06 100644 --- a/isa/62/03.md +++ b/isa/62/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will also be a crown of beauty in the hand of Yahweh, and a turban of kingship in the hand of your God These mean the same thing and are combined for emphasis. They say that Jerusalem will become a royal city under the power and authority of God. Yahweh's hand is a metonym for his power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/62/04.md b/isa/62/04.md index 6bdf2d1362..0628ce2281 100644 --- a/isa/62/04.md +++ b/isa/62/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nor will people any l # your land will be married This means Yahweh will love the people of Israel and will always be with them as is a husband. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/62/05.md b/isa/62/05.md index e8670ddb2c..171171b690 100644 --- a/isa/62/05.md +++ b/isa/62/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sons" refers to the people of Israel and "you" refers to Judah, the land o # as a bridegroom rejoices over his bride, your God will rejoice over you This emphasizes God's happiness about his relationship with his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/62/06.md b/isa/62/06.md index bda56f6f5b..cd238592aa 100644 --- a/isa/62/06.md +++ b/isa/62/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to prophets, officials, or possibly angels, who are constantly prayi # they are not silent day or night This means they are continually pleading to Yahweh or calling to each other. Alternate translation: "they are earnestly praying to Yahweh throughout the entire day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/isa/62/07.md b/isa/62/07.md index e5c5cfccf1..ebebcd33c7 100644 --- a/isa/62/07.md +++ b/isa/62/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not allow him to rest Here "him" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/isa/62/08.md b/isa/62/08.md index 707dacc346..490cf00a08 100644 --- a/isa/62/08.md +++ b/isa/62/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means Yahweh will not let enemies conquer the people of Israel and take the # I will no longer give your grain as food for your enemies ... Foreigners will not drink your new wine These statements are set together for emphasis and completion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/62/09.md b/isa/62/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/62/09.md +++ b/isa/62/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/62/10.md b/isa/62/10.md index 16960f50ed..c802ee0848 100644 --- a/isa/62/10.md +++ b/isa/62/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A signal flag represents something to draw the attention of others. This means Y # signal flag See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:26](../05/26.md). - diff --git a/isa/62/11.md b/isa/62/11.md index edb69b9f45..3a153b39eb 100644 --- a/isa/62/11.md +++ b/isa/62/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the # See, his reward is with him, and his recompense is going before him These clauses represent the same idea for emphasis. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 40:10](../40/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/62/12.md b/isa/62/12.md index dee8a76370..58d38c9498 100644 --- a/isa/62/12.md +++ b/isa/62/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will be called This can be stated actively, "they will call you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/62/intro.md b/isa/62/intro.md index f8ab3cd261..c95677d32b 100644 --- a/isa/62/intro.md +++ b/isa/62/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 62 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Restoration -#### Restoration This chapter prophesies concerning a future time of peace and restoration. It is unlikely to have been fulfilled in Isaiah's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter prophesies concerning a future time of peace and restoration. It is * __[Isaiah 62:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../61/intro.md) | [>>](../63/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/63/01.md b/isa/63/01.md index 6cfcafd10b..27e893b506 100644 --- a/isa/63/01.md +++ b/isa/63/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the capital city of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # It is I Here "I" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/isa/63/02.md b/isa/63/02.md index 8b55a51cdc..c9a7ca556e 100644 --- a/isa/63/02.md +++ b/isa/63/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation # winepress A winepress is a low place carved out of rock in the ground where workers step on the grapes to crush them with their feet, in order to remove the grape juice. - diff --git a/isa/63/03.md b/isa/63/03.md index e5796af123..78567e8eed 100644 --- a/isa/63/03.md +++ b/isa/63/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have trodden grapes Here "I" refers to Yahweh. This imagery refers to Yahweh destroying his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/04.md b/isa/63/04.md index fa2a0d4757..4a5ee46a38 100644 --- a/isa/63/04.md +++ b/isa/63/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh will punish in an appropriate way to bring about justice. His kind of ven # the year for my redemption Here "year" refers to a specific time appointed by Yahweh for restoring Israel. Alternate translation: "the time for my redemption" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/05.md b/isa/63/05.md index 0bdb6b3260..1c83d4610c 100644 --- a/isa/63/05.md +++ b/isa/63/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # but my own arm Here "arm" represents power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/06.md b/isa/63/06.md index 96abc650b2..6fee453f83 100644 --- a/isa/63/06.md +++ b/isa/63/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means Yahweh made them stunned and senseless by his full wrath and punishme # I poured out their blood Here "blood" represents the life of Yahweh's enemies that was gushing out so they would die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/07.md b/isa/63/07.md index be7675007d..2ea8c15548 100644 --- a/isa/63/07.md +++ b/isa/63/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Isaiah. # done for us Here "us" refers to Isaiah and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/08.md b/isa/63/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/63/08.md +++ b/isa/63/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/63/09.md b/isa/63/09.md index 6aebacb40f..f7a8e5fb50 100644 --- a/isa/63/09.md +++ b/isa/63/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a representative who is sent from God's presence. # he lifted them up and carried them This refers to when God protected and saved the people of Israel from the Egyptians many years earlier. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/10.md b/isa/63/10.md index 679327cbd1..5c93baed35 100644 --- a/isa/63/10.md +++ b/isa/63/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his holy Spirit "Yahweh's Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/isa/63/11.md b/isa/63/11.md index 949ec9d422..28ad3ac7b6 100644 --- a/isa/63/11.md +++ b/isa/63/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The story of Yahweh miraculously splitting the waters of the Sea of Reeds so tha # the shepherds of his flock Leaders are sometimes referred to as "shepherds." Alternate translation: "the leaders of his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/12.md b/isa/63/12.md index 387e4bc4e8..cf263d576b 100644 --- a/isa/63/12.md +++ b/isa/63/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Israel continue speaking. # who made his glorious power go with the right hand of Moses Here "right hand" represents the power of Yahweh through Moses. This means it was God's power that enabled Moses to divide the water of the Reed Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/13.md b/isa/63/13.md index 980a8caa78..dadbbf96f1 100644 --- a/isa/63/13.md +++ b/isa/63/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Like a horse running in the wilderness, they did not stumble This means that the people of Israel were sure-footed as horses in open country on their travels toward Israel from Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/14.md b/isa/63/14.md index c5282dbb8c..be0fe9c829 100644 --- a/isa/63/14.md +++ b/isa/63/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This image pictures cattle going into a valley where there is green grass and wa # to make yourself a glorious name Here "glorious name" refers to an honorable reputation. Alternate translation: "to make sure people know who you are and honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/15.md b/isa/63/15.md index 31edf5f3ab..62645cf0c0 100644 --- a/isa/63/15.md +++ b/isa/63/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer uses a question to express deep emotion and concern because it seems # Your pity and your compassionate actions are kept from us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You keep your pity and compassion from us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/16.md b/isa/63/16.md index 9a480769aa..7fb1ef66e8 100644 --- a/isa/63/16.md +++ b/isa/63/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These ancestors of the nation of Israel would not able to identify their descend # Israel This refers to the name also called "Jacob." - diff --git a/isa/63/17.md b/isa/63/17.md index 20a372dbfd..82652957c0 100644 --- a/isa/63/17.md +++ b/isa/63/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To not do what Yahweh commands is spoken of as if a person wanders off of the co # harden our hearts This means to become resistant to Yahweh's teaching by refusing to listen and obey. Here "heart" represents their motives, feelings and desires. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/63/18.md b/isa/63/18.md index 9bf00a0a3f..93e9ba8a6e 100644 --- a/isa/63/18.md +++ b/isa/63/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The people of Israel continue speaking. - diff --git a/isa/63/19.md b/isa/63/19.md index 34b07b28c9..98fd1f77ae 100644 --- a/isa/63/19.md +++ b/isa/63/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. The word "name" refers to a family relationsh # We have become ... called by your name Some modern versions interpret this passage differently: "We are like the people over whom you have not ruled, like those who have not been called by your name." - diff --git a/isa/63/intro.md b/isa/63/intro.md index e3b8b3f185..a4c694bac0 100644 --- a/isa/63/intro.md +++ b/isa/63/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 63 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Imagery -#### Imagery The imagery of judgment in this chapter is intended to be rather vivid. The translator should avoid euphemisms, if possible. Overall, this chapter prophesies a day of great judgment and God's wrath. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wrath]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The imagery of judgment in this chapter is intended to be rather vivid. The tran * __[Isaiah 63:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../62/intro.md) | [>>](../64/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/64/01.md b/isa/64/01.md index 4b56a1355b..35b4557b6e 100644 --- a/isa/64/01.md +++ b/isa/64/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Isaiah uses a strong exclamation to express what he wishes God had done. He wish # mountains would have shaken This is what would have happened if God had split open the heavens and come down. The mountains would have trembled as in an earthquake. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/isa/64/02.md b/isa/64/02.md index cbbf3d5fee..db6b451ebe 100644 --- a/isa/64/02.md +++ b/isa/64/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as when fire kindles the brushwood, or the fire makes water boil This possibly emphasizes how easily God's presence would have caused the mountains and the people to tremble. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/64/03.md b/isa/64/03.md index 7753e8fb43..a59a0aa6bb 100644 --- a/isa/64/03.md +++ b/isa/64/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The people of Israel continues speaking to Yahweh. - diff --git a/isa/64/04.md b/isa/64/04.md index 27d98a5721..965bcef606 100644 --- a/isa/64/04.md +++ b/isa/64/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no eye has seen Here the "eye" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "and no one has seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/isa/64/05.md b/isa/64/05.md index c67e07d40a..bf99dd9dee 100644 --- a/isa/64/05.md +++ b/isa/64/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The people of Israel continue speaking to Yahweh. - diff --git a/isa/64/06.md b/isa/64/06.md index e2dea5f27a..262cf8e60f 100644 --- a/isa/64/06.md +++ b/isa/64/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Isaiah compares the people of Israel to leaves that dry up when dead. (See: [[rc # our iniquities, like the wind, carry us away This means their sins, as a community, are the reason for their failure. Isaiah compares the iniquities to the wind as the force for their suffering Yahweh's punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/64/07.md b/isa/64/07.md index 0df3e77703..491740287c 100644 --- a/isa/64/07.md +++ b/isa/64/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means God gave up on his people and let them suffer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # in the hand of our iniquities Here the word "hand" is a metonym for the power of those who are punishing the people for their iniquities. Alternate translation: "as you punish us for our iniquities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/64/08.md b/isa/64/08.md index 3d411f449c..20d14f0200 100644 --- a/isa/64/08.md +++ b/isa/64/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Israel continue speaking to Yahweh. # we are the clay. You are our potter; and we all are the work of your hand This means God created the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/64/09.md b/isa/64/09.md index 995844baac..c97aa80f4a 100644 --- a/isa/64/09.md +++ b/isa/64/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # look at us all Isaiah asks Yahweh to pay attention to their situation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/64/10.md b/isa/64/10.md index ee90b9240c..3010dff192 100644 --- a/isa/64/10.md +++ b/isa/64/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Israel continue speaking to Yahweh. # Your holy cities have become a wilderness This emphasizes that the cities have been destroyed and no one lives there. - diff --git a/isa/64/11.md b/isa/64/11.md index 2c8f6ae98b..3b54cabd32 100644 --- a/isa/64/11.md +++ b/isa/64/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Our holy and beautiful temple, where our fathers praised you, has been destroyed by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemy has destroyed our holy and beautiful temple, where our fathers praised you, by fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/64/12.md b/isa/64/12.md index 9811312eca..ead3a3ece9 100644 --- a/isa/64/12.md +++ b/isa/64/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How can you still hold back, Yahweh? How can you remain silent and continue to humiliate us? They use questions to express their frustration because God has not yet come to help them. Alternate translation: "Please do not hold back, Yahweh! Please do not remain silent and continue to humiliate us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/64/intro.md b/isa/64/intro.md index 5d1f73ddaf..219a464049 100644 --- a/isa/64/intro.md +++ b/isa/64/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 64 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Repentance -#### Repentance This chapter records the repentance of the righteous remnant of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter records the repentance of the righteous remnant of Judah. (See: [[r * __[Isaiah 64:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../63/intro.md) | [>>](../65/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/65/01.md b/isa/65/01.md index 880a060f1e..ab5abe6cfc 100644 --- a/isa/65/01.md +++ b/isa/65/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I was ready Here "I" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/isa/65/02.md b/isa/65/02.md index 8fe5e68b58..2956205890 100644 --- a/isa/65/02.md +++ b/isa/65/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have spread out my hands all day to a stubborn people "Spreading out my hands" here is a person's gesture to show imploring or a strong request. Alternate translation: "I have continually begged a stubborn people to receive my help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/03.md b/isa/65/03.md index 90eb2d8bbd..47ee328542 100644 --- a/isa/65/03.md +++ b/isa/65/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking about the people of Israel. # in gardens ... on brick tiles These refer to Canaanite places for worshiping idols. Their sacred altars were made of bricks, which Yahweh forbid for his altars. Yahweh's altars were made of stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/04.md b/isa/65/04.md index 47816c6099..70b09b9d72 100644 --- a/isa/65/04.md +++ b/isa/65/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a reference to consulting the dead, a practice that Yahweh prohibited. ( # eat pork Yahweh did not allow the people of Israel to eat meat from pigs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/05.md b/isa/65/05.md index 2ae78e6dd6..4b33d92b36 100644 --- a/isa/65/05.md +++ b/isa/65/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh compares these people who are continually annoying him to smoke that irri # a fire that burns all day long Yahweh compares the people of Israel to a slow-burning fire that sends out smoke without stopping as it irritates. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/06.md b/isa/65/06.md index 6d8292d25a..75824102e9 100644 --- a/isa/65/06.md +++ b/isa/65/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking about the people of Israel. # into their laps This means God will punish them to the fullest extent. This expression compares Yahweh punishing the people to dumping on their legs as they are sitting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/07.md b/isa/65/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/65/07.md +++ b/isa/65/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/65/08.md b/isa/65/08.md index 809c997e65..adbd390b52 100644 --- a/isa/65/08.md +++ b/isa/65/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in an active way. Alternate translation: "when you find new w # I will not ruin them all This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "I will spare some of them who are righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/09.md b/isa/65/09.md index b4a30bba99..24c2f8aa59 100644 --- a/isa/65/09.md +++ b/isa/65/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # my mountains This refers to the highest locations of Jerusalem and all of Judea. - diff --git a/isa/65/10.md b/isa/65/10.md index 2ee0ab2201..a8d12a2687 100644 --- a/isa/65/10.md +++ b/isa/65/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a fertile grazing area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Valley of Achor This is the name of a valley that possibly ran from Jerusalem to south of Jericho. This was also a fertile grazing area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/11.md b/isa/65/11.md index 012fdf9477..89f8efe387 100644 --- a/isa/65/11.md +++ b/isa/65/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ wine mixed with spices # Fortune ... Destiny These are names of false gods. They are also called "Gad" and "Meni." - diff --git a/isa/65/12.md b/isa/65/12.md index 7c7c0ceed7..6e2111f596 100644 --- a/isa/65/12.md +++ b/isa/65/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to those in Israel who worship idols. # when I called, you did not answer; when I spoke, you did not listen Both clauses mean the same and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/13.md b/isa/65/13.md index 8b7e3052c1..cd829efba1 100644 --- a/isa/65/13.md +++ b/isa/65/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to those in Israel who worship idols. # Look, my servants "Take notice and pay attention" Yahweh repeats this for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/14.md b/isa/65/14.md index 343037a650..ddc8774bd0 100644 --- a/isa/65/14.md +++ b/isa/65/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These clauses mean the same and the repetition is for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ # crushing of the spirit This expression compares the feeling of terrible disappointment and sorrow to something becoming deformed due to high pressure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/15.md b/isa/65/15.md index dee3ba20dc..7e86ddbf1c 100644 --- a/isa/65/15.md +++ b/isa/65/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to those in Israel who worship idols. - diff --git a/isa/65/16.md b/isa/65/16.md index 06164de398..f22a779d2b 100644 --- a/isa/65/16.md +++ b/isa/65/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These clauses can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will fo # they will be hidden from my eyes "hidden from my eyes" represents the attention and memory of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I will not even think about them again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/17.md b/isa/65/17.md index 43cabc517a..27eba2e947 100644 --- a/isa/65/17.md +++ b/isa/65/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Both are extremes that also represent everything between. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # the former things will not be remembered or be brought to mind Both of these clauses mean the same thing and are combined for emphasis. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will not even think about what happened in the past" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/18.md b/isa/65/18.md index d0e685cf4b..cf81931e75 100644 --- a/isa/65/18.md +++ b/isa/65/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But you will be glad Here "you" refers to all of God's servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/19.md b/isa/65/19.md index 83949875ab..c5ec8c05b2 100644 --- a/isa/65/19.md +++ b/isa/65/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # weeping and cries of distress will no longer be heard in her You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will hear weeping and cries of distress any longer in her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/20.md b/isa/65/20.md index d67a8486f1..644cf2465e 100644 --- a/isa/65/20.md +++ b/isa/65/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will consider # will be considered cursed This can be stated this in active form. Alternate translation: "people will consider this person as cursed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/21.md b/isa/65/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/65/21.md +++ b/isa/65/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/65/22.md b/isa/65/22.md index d4c18075d6..8f9276de83 100644 --- a/isa/65/22.md +++ b/isa/65/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking about his faithful people. # for as the days of trees will be the days of my people "for my people will live as long as trees live" - diff --git a/isa/65/23.md b/isa/65/23.md index 3fdb995b61..d94e0cb944 100644 --- a/isa/65/23.md +++ b/isa/65/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they are the children of those blessed by Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they are the children of those whom Yahweh blessed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/65/24.md b/isa/65/24.md index e096387cc2..a6c6173691 100644 --- a/isa/65/24.md +++ b/isa/65/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking about his faithful people. - diff --git a/isa/65/25.md b/isa/65/25.md index 5ae639a102..8c6f30b1f9 100644 --- a/isa/65/25.md +++ b/isa/65/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # holy mountain See how you translated this in [Isaiah 11:9](../11/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/65/intro.md b/isa/65/intro.md index 7e6d9627c5..d00b51fa9e 100644 --- a/isa/65/intro.md +++ b/isa/65/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Isaiah 65 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter. This chapter is Yahweh's response to the repentance of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Judgment and hope -#### Judgment and hope This chapter records that Yahweh's judgment on the people must come. Despite this, there is hope that in the end, Yahweh will make all things new and restore them to himself. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter records that Yahweh's judgment on the people must come. Despite thi * __[Isaiah 65:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../64/intro.md) | [>>](../66/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/isa/66/01.md b/isa/66/01.md index 836bfdc67d..40615db60e 100644 --- a/isa/66/01.md +++ b/isa/66/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh compares heaven to a throne and the earth to a footstool to emphasize how # Where then is the house you will build for me? Where is the place where I may rest? Yahweh uses questions to emphasize that humans cannot build a place for him to dwell. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/02.md b/isa/66/02.md index 0f06f5482d..8bd7fab198 100644 --- a/isa/66/02.md +++ b/isa/66/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # the broken and contrite in spirit Here "broken" and "contrite" refers to a person who is truly humble and who suffers for his faith. - diff --git a/isa/66/03.md b/isa/66/03.md index 433998bf0f..7d43d75ba8 100644 --- a/isa/66/03.md +++ b/isa/66/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These four clauses all describe different ways evil people act and come to the s # They have chosen their own ways "They have chosen to do evil things that violate the ways of Yahweh" - diff --git a/isa/66/04.md b/isa/66/04.md index 128aed9e5e..471e575a44 100644 --- a/isa/66/04.md +++ b/isa/66/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking about the wicked people. # what was evil in my sight Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "what I consider to be evil" or "what is evil in my judgement" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/05.md b/isa/66/05.md index 83e2af44f6..06bdb5ace5 100644 --- a/isa/66/05.md +++ b/isa/66/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Glorify Yahweh" or "M # but they will be put to shame This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but I will put them to shame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/06.md b/isa/66/06.md index 96362e7e63..b3ef6d18de 100644 --- a/isa/66/06.md +++ b/isa/66/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh describes the punishment for the hypocrisy of the worshipers. # A sound of battle tumult The sound represents the real fighting that is going on in the temple as Yahweh is carrying out the punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/07.md b/isa/66/07.md index 89fc097abf..1c4ebbaeed 100644 --- a/isa/66/07.md +++ b/isa/66/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # Before she goes into labor, she gives birth; before pain is upon her, she gave birth to a son Yahweh speaks about Zion as if it were a woman who is about to give birth. Although Zion was destroyed and the people no longer lived there, Yahweh promises that without delay and with little effort an entire nation will come from her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/08.md b/isa/66/08.md index 8b7bb1ae5a..801837b778 100644 --- a/isa/66/08.md +++ b/isa/66/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who has heard of such a thing? Who has seen such things? Will a land be born in one day? Can a nation be established in one moment? Yahweh uses questions to emphasize how unique this event will be. The series of questions builds tension until Zion is finally mentioned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/09.md b/isa/66/09.md index f9c8f81ab2..cb0908a449 100644 --- a/isa/66/09.md +++ b/isa/66/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking about Jerusalem as if it were a mother ([Isaiah 66:7-8 # Do I bring a baby to the birth opening ... born? Yahweh uses questions to emphasize that he will not fail to fulfill his promises to the people of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/10.md b/isa/66/10.md index cc2918bc1a..2a7dbbc222 100644 --- a/isa/66/10.md +++ b/isa/66/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking about Jerusalem as if it were a mother and the inhabitants of Jerusalem as if they were newly born children ([Isaiah 66:7-8](./07.md)). - diff --git a/isa/66/11.md b/isa/66/11.md index 1fca40c72f..414116929d 100644 --- a/isa/66/11.md +++ b/isa/66/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For you will nurse and be satisfied; with her breasts you will be comforted This means Jerusalem will be a place of safety and comfort for God's people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For she will satisfy you with her milk; she will comfort you with her breasts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/12.md b/isa/66/12.md index 8f60ad7764..abd105eef3 100644 --- a/isa/66/12.md +++ b/isa/66/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means Jerusalem will be a place of safety and comfort for God's people. (Se # be carried in her arms, and be dandled on her knees This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "she will carry you in her arms and bounce you on her knees with delight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/13.md b/isa/66/13.md index f3b18aa29c..a906031bc1 100644 --- a/isa/66/13.md +++ b/isa/66/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so I will comfort you, and you will be comforted in Jerusalem This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so I will comfort you in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/14.md b/isa/66/14.md index 97eca829f8..b030ce2b81 100644 --- a/isa/66/14.md +++ b/isa/66/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Isaiah is speaking to God's faithful people. # The hand of Yahweh will be made known to his servants Here "hand" refers to his power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will reveal his power to his servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/15.md b/isa/66/15.md index 68414eb158..4e4d827810 100644 --- a/isa/66/15.md +++ b/isa/66/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh's appearances in the Old Testament are often accompanied by fire that rep # like the windstorm Storms represent Yahweh's powerful actions to make his judgment effective. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/16.md b/isa/66/16.md index 51bd126f22..176e2d609a 100644 --- a/isa/66/16.md +++ b/isa/66/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Those killed by Yahweh will be many This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will kill many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/17.md b/isa/66/17.md index a6ed518039..c038307626 100644 --- a/isa/66/17.md +++ b/isa/66/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This describes the leader of those of go to worship idols. # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Translate as in [Isaiah 30:1](../30/01.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/18.md b/isa/66/18.md index e6f06e7587..7bf7f39057 100644 --- a/isa/66/18.md +++ b/isa/66/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Yahweh. # their deeds ... their thoughts Here "their" refers to the worshipers that are hypocrites whom Yahweh has described before. - diff --git a/isa/66/19.md b/isa/66/19.md index ab0952e484..c63113be38 100644 --- a/isa/66/19.md +++ b/isa/66/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Libyans and Lydians, ... to Tubal, Greece These are names of people groups and areas that are far from the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/20.md b/isa/66/20.md index 9eaf6174a1..557f4ca893 100644 --- a/isa/66/20.md +++ b/isa/66/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "they" refers to the foreigners who survived and witnessed to the nations. # holy mountain See how you translated this in [Isaiah 11:9](../11/09.md). - diff --git a/isa/66/21.md b/isa/66/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/66/21.md +++ b/isa/66/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/66/22.md b/isa/66/22.md index aa33f29bab..85b2d0d841 100644 --- a/isa/66/22.md +++ b/isa/66/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the new heavens and the new earth See how you translated this in [Isaiah 65:17](../65/17.md). - diff --git a/isa/66/23.md b/isa/66/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/isa/66/23.md +++ b/isa/66/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/isa/66/24.md b/isa/66/24.md index 396ed437f4..28c7e8e534 100644 --- a/isa/66/24.md +++ b/isa/66/24.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "will burn forever" (Se # all flesh This expression represents all created living beings that shrink from the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/isa/66/intro.md b/isa/66/intro.md index ae91ddd342..22b9750e0b 100644 --- a/isa/66/intro.md +++ b/isa/66/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Isaiah 66 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 66:1-17, 21-24. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### In the end -#### In the end In the end, Yahweh will enact his perfect justice. This is the true hope of this world. The new heaven and the new earth are an important part of this. In the end, this will be the perfect creation of Yahweh and will last forever. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ In the end, Yahweh will enact his perfect justice. This is the true hope of this * __[Isaiah 66:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../65/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/isa/front/intro.md b/isa/front/intro.md index 9ac604cd4c..f2c4ae6361 100644 --- a/isa/front/intro.md +++ b/isa/front/intro.md @@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ 1. The servant of Yahweh (49–55) 1. Ethics of Yahweh's kingdom (56–59) 1. Restored Jerusalem (60–66) - ### What is the Book of Isaiah about? @@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ Isaiah prophesied around 740–700 B.C., when the Assyrian Empire was becoming m ### What did Isaiah prophesy about the future Messiah of Israel? -Jews and Christians have interpreted many passages in Isaiah to be about the Messiah. In 9:1-7, Isaiah described a child being born who would rule over David's kingdom. In chapter 11, Isaiah described a descendant of David who would have God's spirit upon him. Several prophecies in chapters 40-66 are about "the servant." This servant will comfort the people, rule righteously, and suffer so that God will forgive the people for sinning against him. The New Testament writers interpret these prophecies to be about Jesus Christ. +Jews and Christians have interpreted many passages in Isaiah to be about the Messiah. In 9:1-7, Isaiah described a child being born who would rule over David's kingdom. In chapter 11, Isaiah described a descendant of David who would have God's spirit upon him. Several prophecies in chapters 40-66 are about "the servant." This servant will comfort the people, rule righteously, and suffer so that God will forgive the people for sinning against him. The New Testament writers interpret these prophecies to be about Jesus Christ. ### What did Isaiah mean by the "last days"? @@ -50,9 +49,8 @@ The name "Israel" is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son ### What are some characteristics of prophetic literature in the Book of Isaiah? -Most of Isaiah's prophecies are in poetic form. Many prophets in Israel used poetry when they spoke important messages that were meant to be remembered. +Most of Isaiah's prophecies are in poetic form. Many prophets in Israel used poetry when they spoke important messages that were meant to be remembered. -Sometimes Isaiah's messages are hard to understand. He assumed his original hearers would know what he was talking about. But readers today do not always understand what he meant. However, Isaiah's basic messages are still clear to us today. These messages are about how God's people sinned against him, how he would punish them, and how he would eventually comfort and restore them. +Sometimes Isaiah's messages are hard to understand. He assumed his original hearers would know what he was talking about. But readers today do not always understand what he meant. However, Isaiah's basic messages are still clear to us today. These messages are about how God's people sinned against him, how he would punish them, and how he would eventually comfort and restore them. Isaiah also speaks about the Servant of Yahweh, in four different poems that are today called the "Four Servant Songs." Christians understand these very clearly as prophecies about Jesus Christ, the Messiah. These "songs" are in Isaiah 42:1-9; 49:1-7; 50:4-9; and 52:13-53:12. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/01.md b/jas/01/01.md index 6a1844ec4a..ec033f8b9b 100644 --- a/jas/01/01.md +++ b/jas/01/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The term "dispersion" normally referred to the Jews who were scattered in other # Greetings! This is a basic greeting, such as "Hello!" or "Good day!" - diff --git a/jas/01/02.md b/jas/01/02.md index bb43df073a..aaeac2be42 100644 --- a/jas/01/02.md +++ b/jas/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Consider it all joy, my brothers, when you experience various troubles "My fellow believers, think of all your different kinds of troubles as things to celebrate" - diff --git a/jas/01/03.md b/jas/01/03.md index 60dd89ace6..0d47bbceae 100644 --- a/jas/01/03.md +++ b/jas/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the testing of your faith produces endurance The expressions "the testing," "your faith," and "endurance" are nouns that stand for actions. God does the testing, that is, he finds out how much the believers trust and obey him. Believers ("you") believe in him and endure suffering. Alternate translation: "when you suffer hardships, God is finding out how much you trust him. As a result, you will become able to endure even more hardships" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/04.md b/jas/01/04.md index e5ffed459d..89e88b6e4f 100644 --- a/jas/01/04.md +++ b/jas/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ able to trust in Christ and obey him in all circumstances # not lacking anything This can be stated in the positive. Alternate translation: "having all that you need" or "being all that you need to be" - diff --git a/jas/01/05.md b/jas/01/05.md index 13a4fbef2a..fdfc6cde58 100644 --- a/jas/01/05.md +++ b/jas/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he will give it to him "God will give it to him" or "God will answer his prayer" - diff --git a/jas/01/06.md b/jas/01/06.md index 7c17e8b119..2ab678330d 100644 --- a/jas/01/06.md +++ b/jas/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # For anyone who doubts is like a wave in the sea that is driven by the wind and tossed around Anyone who doubts that God will help him is said to be like the water in the ocean or in a large lake, which keeps moving in different directions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/07.md b/jas/01/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jas/01/07.md +++ b/jas/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jas/01/08.md b/jas/01/08.md index f698140f25..f3eaaa40f4 100644 --- a/jas/01/08.md +++ b/jas/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "double-minded" refers to a person's thoughts when he is unable to make # unstable in all his ways Here this person is spoken of as if he cannot stay on one path but instead goes from one to another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/09.md b/jas/01/09.md index f6d532838d..949fee6726 100644 --- a/jas/01/09.md +++ b/jas/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # boast of his high position Someone whom God has honored is spoken of as if he were standing in a high place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/10.md b/jas/01/10.md index 6a90329ff1..ebbfad807f 100644 --- a/jas/01/10.md +++ b/jas/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A rich believer should be happy if God causes him to suffer. Alternate translati # he will pass away as a wild flower in the grass Rich people are spoken of as being similar to wild flowers, which are alive for only a short time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/11.md b/jas/01/11.md index ea12830191..740953f5b6 100644 --- a/jas/01/11.md +++ b/jas/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the flower simile is probably continued. As flowers do not die suddenly but # in the middle of his journey A rich man's activities in daily life are spoken of as if they are a journey that he is making. This metaphor implies that he is giving no thought to his coming death, and that it will takes him by surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/12.md b/jas/01/12.md index 3edc9f4600..3ea8cd19b6 100644 --- a/jas/01/12.md +++ b/jas/01/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Eternal life is spoken of as if it were a wreath of leaves placed on the head of # has been promised to those who love God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has promised to those who love him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/13.md b/jas/01/13.md index 6ec2d382df..40c8fe92de 100644 --- a/jas/01/13.md +++ b/jas/01/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one can make God d # nor does he himself tempt anyone "and God himself does not try to persuade anyone do evil" - diff --git a/jas/01/14.md b/jas/01/14.md index ac8066c66d..5a08f03867 100644 --- a/jas/01/14.md +++ b/jas/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Evil desire continues to be spoken of as if it were a person who could drag away # entices attracts, persuades someone to do evil - diff --git a/jas/01/15.md b/jas/01/15.md index 6d195b9bda..5301ff7638 100644 --- a/jas/01/15.md +++ b/jas/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then after the desire conceives, it gives birth to sin, and after the sin is full grown, it gives birth to death Desire continues to be spoken of as a person, this time clearly as a woman who becomes pregnant with a child. The child is identified as sin. Sin is a female baby that grows up, becomes pregnant, and gives birth to death. This chain of metaphors is a picture of someone who ends up dying both spiritually and physically because of his evil desires and his sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/16.md b/jas/01/16.md index 263676b4fa..0e491cc63e 100644 --- a/jas/01/16.md +++ b/jas/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not be deceived "Do not let anyone deceive you" or "Stop deceiving yourselves" - diff --git a/jas/01/17.md b/jas/01/17.md index 9693e433c9..bcab11f1f1 100644 --- a/jas/01/17.md +++ b/jas/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God, the creator of all the lights in the sky (sun, moon, and stars), is said to # With him there is no changing or shadow because of turning This expression pictures God as an unchanging light. This is in contrast to the sun, moon, and stars that appear to move in the sky and sometimes are darkened. Alternate translation: "God always stays the same. He does not change like shifting shadows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/18.md b/jas/01/18.md index 8c440ab315..3ed30eec62 100644 --- a/jas/01/18.md +++ b/jas/01/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the message about the truth" or 2) "the true message." # so that we would be a kind of firstfruits James is using the traditional Hebrew idea of firstfruits as a way to describe the value of the Christian believers to God. He implies that there will be many more believers in the future. Alternate translation: "so that we would be like an offering of firstfruits" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/19.md b/jas/01/19.md index 13767b3c09..34c893271f 100644 --- a/jas/01/19.md +++ b/jas/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These sayings are idioms that mean people should first listen intently, and then # slow to anger "not get angry quickly" - diff --git a/jas/01/20.md b/jas/01/20.md index b69be2f2f8..9b388ed6bb 100644 --- a/jas/01/20.md +++ b/jas/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the anger of man does not accomplish the righteousness of God When a person is always angry, he cannot do God's work, which is righteous. - diff --git a/jas/01/21.md b/jas/01/21.md index 78b5a7c20f..bbed5e3f53 100644 --- a/jas/01/21.md +++ b/jas/01/21.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ What a person is saved from can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "save y # your souls Here the word "souls" refers to persons. Alternate translation: "yourselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/22.md b/jas/01/22.md index da67f4648d..98dcc42feb 100644 --- a/jas/01/22.md +++ b/jas/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # deceiving yourselves "fooling yourselves" - diff --git a/jas/01/23.md b/jas/01/23.md index 910d25a63a..e35b801817 100644 --- a/jas/01/23.md +++ b/jas/01/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who hears God's word is like someone who looks in the mirror. (See: [[r # his natural face The word "natural" clarifies that James is using the ordinary meaning of the word "face." Alternate translation: "his face" - diff --git a/jas/01/24.md b/jas/01/24.md index 3afbde24e2..72993ef670 100644 --- a/jas/01/24.md +++ b/jas/01/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then goes away and immediately forgets what he was like It is implied that though he may see that he needs to do something, such as wash his face or fix his hair, he walks away and forgets to do it. This what a person who does not obey God's word is like. Alternate translation: "then goes away and immediately forgets to do what he saw he needed to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/25.md b/jas/01/25.md index e707500b23..5769559e10 100644 --- a/jas/01/25.md +++ b/jas/01/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The relationship between the law and freedom can be expressed clearly. Here "fre # this man will be blessed in his actions This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will bless this man as he obeys the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/26.md b/jas/01/26.md index 360967fe46..306c88ce75 100644 --- a/jas/01/26.md +++ b/jas/01/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to his belief or thoughts. Alternate translation: "himself" # his religion is worthless "he worships God uselessly" - diff --git a/jas/01/27.md b/jas/01/27.md index 1a4091998c..d6a651e6a3 100644 --- a/jas/01/27.md +++ b/jas/01/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The fatherless and widows are suffering because their fathers or husbands have d # to keep oneself unstained by the world Sin in the world is spoken of as something dirty that can stain a person. Alternate translation: "to not allow the evil in the world to cause oneself to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/01/intro.md b/jas/01/intro.md index 659441a5d3..197ef0360d 100644 --- a/jas/01/intro.md +++ b/jas/01/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,28 @@ # James 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting James formally introduces this letter in verse 1. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Testing and temptation +### Testing and temptation These two words occur together in ([James 1:12-13](./12.md)). Both words speak of a person who is able to choose between doing something good and doing something evil. The difference between them is important. God is testing the person and wants him to do what is good. Satan is tempting the person and wants him to do what is evil. -#### Crowns +### Crowns The crown that a man who passes the test receives is a reward, something that people who do something especially good receive. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphors +### Metaphors James uses many metaphors in this chapter, and you will need to understand the material on the metaphor page before you can translate them well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "To the twelve tribes in the dispersion" +### "To the twelve tribes in the dispersion" It is not clear to whom James wrote this letter. He calls himself a servant of the Lord Jesus Christ, so he was probably writing to Christians. But he calls his readers "the twelve tribes in the dispersion," words which usually refer to Jews. It is possible that he is using the words as a metaphor for "all people whom God has chosen" or that he wrote the letter at a time when most Christians had grown up as Jews. @@ -32,4 +32,3 @@ It is not clear to whom James wrote this letter. He calls himself a servant of t * __[James intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jas/02/01.md b/jas/02/01.md index 9d7da9490f..484cbbb71f 100644 --- a/jas/02/01.md +++ b/jas/02/01.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ James continues to tell the scattered Jewish believers how to live by loving one another and reminds them not to favor rich people over poor people. # My brothers + James considers his audience to be Jewish believers. Alternate translation: "My fellow believers" or "My brothers and sisters in Christ" # do not hold to faith in our Lord Jesus Christ ... with partiality toward certain people @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The word "our" includes James and his fellow believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # partiality the act of treating some people better than others - diff --git a/jas/02/02.md b/jas/02/02.md index 9a61202ee1..ad58b2bf05 100644 --- a/jas/02/02.md +++ b/jas/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ James starts to describe a situation where the believers might give more honor t # wearing gold rings and splendid clothes "dressed like a wealthy person" - diff --git a/jas/02/03.md b/jas/02/03.md index 7f4e930546..a048a26021 100644 --- a/jas/02/03.md +++ b/jas/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ move to a place with less honor # Sit by my footstool move to a humble place - diff --git a/jas/02/04.md b/jas/02/04.md index a61e30dee5..175b26766a 100644 --- a/jas/02/04.md +++ b/jas/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are you not judging among yourselves? Have you not become judges with evil thoughts? James is using rhetorical questions to teach and possibly scold his readers. Alternate translation: "you are making judgments among yourselves and becoming judges with evil thoughts." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/05.md b/jas/02/05.md index 72b671ea6f..52ace849ea 100644 --- a/jas/02/05.md +++ b/jas/02/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Having much faith is spoken of as being wealthy or rich. The object of faith may # heirs The people to whom God has made promises are spoken of as if they were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/06.md b/jas/02/06.md index 1f4f713ebd..c5440f9142 100644 --- a/jas/02/06.md +++ b/jas/02/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here James uses a rhetorical question to correct his readers. It can be made a s # drag you to court "forcibly take you to court to accuse you in front of judges" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/07.md b/jas/02/07.md index ff7bf72984..4d7846f165 100644 --- a/jas/02/07.md +++ b/jas/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here James uses a rhetorical question to correct and teach his readers. It can b # the good name by which you have been called Here "name" represents "Christ." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Christ, who called you" or "Christ, to whom you belong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/08.md b/jas/02/08.md index a570ed47a5..83d5aa7a06 100644 --- a/jas/02/08.md +++ b/jas/02/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ James is quoting from the book of Leviticus. # you do well "you are doing well" or "you are doing what is right" - diff --git a/jas/02/09.md b/jas/02/09.md index df644e9bc5..940dbef675 100644 --- a/jas/02/09.md +++ b/jas/02/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # you are convicted by the law as transgressors Here the law is spoken of as if it were a human judge. This can be translated using an active verb. Alternate translation: "the law itself convicts you of transgressing it" or "you are guilty of breaking God's law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/10.md b/jas/02/10.md index 0598b70f75..49495496dd 100644 --- a/jas/02/10.md +++ b/jas/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Stumbling is falling down while one is trying to walk. Disobeying one point of t # in just a single way because of disobedience to just one requirement of the law - diff --git a/jas/02/11.md b/jas/02/11.md index 87866f31b3..5a4207d01d 100644 --- a/jas/02/11.md +++ b/jas/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "commit" is to do an action. # If you ... but if you ... you have Here "you" means "each one of you." Although James was writing to many Jewish believers, in this case, he used the singular form as if he was writing to each person individually. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/12.md b/jas/02/12.md index a008a00325..8fe6330c83 100644 --- a/jas/02/12.md +++ b/jas/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This passage implies that it is God who will judge according to his law. # the law of freedom "the law that gives true freedom" - diff --git a/jas/02/13.md b/jas/02/13.md index 72677ad849..5fe0362768 100644 --- a/jas/02/13.md +++ b/jas/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mercy triumphs over "Mercy is better than" or "Mercy defeats." Here mercy and justice are spoken of as if they were persons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/14.md b/jas/02/14.md index 7b94f84199..1f5d867dca 100644 --- a/jas/02/14.md +++ b/jas/02/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ James is using a rhetorical question to teach his audience. This can be restated # save him "spare him from God's judgment" - diff --git a/jas/02/15.md b/jas/02/15.md index 10e974c3e6..01e2a38241 100644 --- a/jas/02/15.md +++ b/jas/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brother or sister a fellow believer in Christ, whether male or female - diff --git a/jas/02/16.md b/jas/02/16.md index 6f58589ac4..80f69f2414 100644 --- a/jas/02/16.md +++ b/jas/02/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ to eat, to wear, and to live comfortably (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonym # what profit is that? James uses a rhetorical question to teach his audience. Alternate translation: "how does that help them?" or "that does nothing good for them." or "your speech by itself does not help them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/17.md b/jas/02/17.md index ec23b400e9..46f296a6b7 100644 --- a/jas/02/17.md +++ b/jas/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # faith by itself, if it does not have works, is dead Here, it is implied that "works" refers to things people do because they believe in God, such as obeying God and doing good to others. James speaks of faith as if it were alive if one does good works, and of faith as if it were dead if one does not do good deeds. This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "faith" and "works." Alternate translation: "a person who says he believes in God but does not do anything, does not really believe in God" or "a person who says he believes in God but does not do anything as a result of his belief, does not really believe in God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] or [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/18.md b/jas/02/18.md index 6a225d8f33..cf966807bd 100644 --- a/jas/02/18.md +++ b/jas/02/18.md @@ -1,10 +1,7 @@ - - # Yet someone may say, "You have faith, and I have works." Show me your faith without works, and I will show you my faith by my works. -Possible meanigs are 1) James describes how someone might argue against his teaching and how he would respond to that person or 2) James describes how someone might support his teaching. If the speaker is supporting James, then the quotation would end at the end of the verse. +Possible meanigs are 1) James describes how someone might argue against his teaching and how he would respond to that person or 2) James describes how someone might support his teaching. If the speaker is supporting James, then the quotation would end at the end of the verse. # "You have faith, and I have works." Show me your faith without works, and I will show you my faith by my works The meanings in the abstract nouns "faith" and "works" can be expressed with "believe in God" and "do good things." Alternate translation: "'You believe in God and I do good things.' Prove to me that you can believe in God without doing anything, and I will prove to you that I believe in God by what I do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/19.md b/jas/02/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jas/02/19.md +++ b/jas/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jas/02/20.md b/jas/02/20.md index 3992076620..977f47bc82 100644 --- a/jas/02/20.md +++ b/jas/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ James uses this question to introduce the next part of his teaching. Alternate t # that faith without works is useless The meanings in the abstract nouns "faith" and "works" can be expressed with "believe in God" and "do good things." Alternate translation: "that saying that you believe in God without doing good things is useless" or "that if you do not do good things, it is useless to say that you believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/21.md b/jas/02/21.md index 766dc3bfea..ebeadb1bcd 100644 --- a/jas/02/21.md +++ b/jas/02/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "works." This can also be state # father Here "father" is used in the sense of "ancestor." - diff --git a/jas/02/22.md b/jas/02/22.md index c978bd4a61..8e39cbd34a 100644 --- a/jas/02/22.md +++ b/jas/02/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # You see The word "see" is a metonym. Alternate translation: "You understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) @@ -10,4 +9,3 @@ James speaks as if "faith" and "works" were things that can work together and he # You see James again addresses his audience directly by using the plural form of "you." - diff --git a/jas/02/23.md b/jas/02/23.md index 89cb39c6f3..fc146e057e 100644 --- a/jas/02/23.md +++ b/jas/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This fulfilled the sc # it was counted to him as righteousness "God regarded his faith as righteousness." Abraham's faith and righteousness were treated as if they were able to be counted as having value. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/24.md b/jas/02/24.md index 45fcc80384..05e658b867 100644 --- a/jas/02/24.md +++ b/jas/02/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is by works that a man is justified, and not only by faith Here, it is implied that "works" refers to things people do because they believe in God, such as obeying God and doing good to others. This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "faith" and "works." This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God justifies a man because of what he does, and not just because he believes in God" or "God justifies a man because of what he does as a result of his belief, and not just because he believes in God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/25.md b/jas/02/25.md index eb66d25a52..0ffb0cbe78 100644 --- a/jas/02/25.md +++ b/jas/02/25.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ James says that what was true of Abraham was also true of Rahab. Both were justi James is using this rhetorical question to instruct his audience. Alternate translation: "it was what Rahab the prostitute did that justified her ... another road." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # was not Rahab the prostitute justified by works ... another road? + This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "works." This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "did God not justify Rahab the prostitute because of what she did ... another road?" or "God justified Rahab the prostitute because of what she did ... another road." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # Rahab the prostitute @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ people who bring news from another place # sent them away by another road "then helped them escape and leave the city" - diff --git a/jas/02/26.md b/jas/02/26.md index a7252e9a1b..6125c2ad3b 100644 --- a/jas/02/26.md +++ b/jas/02/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For as the body apart from the spirit is dead, even so faith apart from works is dead James is speaking of faith without works as if it were a dead body without the spirit. Here, it is implied that "works" refers to things people do because they believe in God, such as obeying God and doing good to others. This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "faith" and "works." Alternate translation: "For just as the body is useless without the spirit, even so it is useless for a person to believe in God if he does not do anything" or "For just as the body is useless without the spirit, even so it is useless for a person to believe in God if he does not do anything as a result of his belief" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/02/intro.md b/jas/02/intro.md index 1f10484c05..e00e586bf3 100644 --- a/jas/02/intro.md +++ b/jas/02/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # James 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Favoritism +### Favoritism Some of James's readers treated rich and powerful people well and treated poor people badly. This is called favoritism, and James tells them that this is wrong. God wants his people to treat both rich people and poor people well. -#### Justification +### Justification Justification is what happens when God makes a person righteous. James says here that God makes righteous or justifies people who do good works along with having faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Quotation marks +### Quotation marks The words "Show me your faith without works, and I will show you my faith by my works" are hard to understand. Some people think that they are what "someone may say," like the words in the quotation marks. Most versions translate them as words that James is saying back to that "someone." -#### "You have ... I have" +### "You have ... I have" Some people think that the words "you" and "I" are metonyms for "some people" and "other people." If they are correct, verse 18 could be translated, "Someone may say, 'Some people have faith and other people have works. Not everyone has both.'" If the next sentence is also what "someone may say," it could be translated "Some people show their faith without works, and other people show their faith by their works. Both have faith." In both cases, the reader will understand only if you add the extra sentence. It is probably best to translate as the ULB does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Some people think that the words "you" and "I" are metonyms for "some people" an * __[James 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jas/03/01.md b/jas/03/01.md index 98797f265e..17f4f2b17c 100644 --- a/jas/03/01.md +++ b/jas/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ James is making a generalized statement. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-generic # we who teach James includes himself and other teachers, but not the readers, so the word "we" is exclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/02.md b/jas/03/02.md index 1eb2bfd85c..1a39c127ca 100644 --- a/jas/03/02.md +++ b/jas/03/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Sinning is spoken of as if it were stumbling while walking. Alternate translatio # control even his whole body James is referring to one's heart, emotions, and actions. Alternate translation: "control all his behavior" or "control all his actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/03.md b/jas/03/03.md index e4b3bdae44..78466259c1 100644 --- a/jas/03/03.md +++ b/jas/03/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ James speaks about horses' bits. A bit is a small piece of metal that is placed # horses A horse is a large animal used to carry things or people. - diff --git a/jas/03/04.md b/jas/03/04.md index 5b141982a8..36b6414359 100644 --- a/jas/03/04.md +++ b/jas/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "strong winds push the # are steered by a very small rudder to wherever the pilot desires "have a small tool that a person can use to control where the ship goes" - diff --git a/jas/03/05.md b/jas/03/05.md index 2872af03e3..148bb3450e 100644 --- a/jas/03/05.md +++ b/jas/03/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "things" is a general word for everything about which these people are prou # how small a fire sets on fire a large forest In order to help people understand the harm that the tongue can cause, James speaks of the harm that a small flame can cause. Alternate translation: "how a small flame can start a fire that burns many trees" - diff --git a/jas/03/06.md b/jas/03/06.md index d1ec819d0a..720f322d7d 100644 --- a/jas/03/06.md +++ b/jas/03/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "course of life" refers to a person's entire life. Alternate translat # life, and is itself set on fire by hell The word "itself" refers to the tongue. Also, here "hell" refers to the powers of evil or to the devil. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "life because the devil uses it for evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/07.md b/jas/03/07.md index 0650880c0d..ec8b8257db 100644 --- a/jas/03/07.md +++ b/jas/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an animal that crawls on the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # sea creature an animal that lives in the sea - diff --git a/jas/03/08.md b/jas/03/08.md index 15977d278d..4887049ddf 100644 --- a/jas/03/08.md +++ b/jas/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ James speaks of the tongue as if it were a wild animal. Here "tongue" represents # It is a restless evil, full of deadly poison James speaks of the harm that people can cause by what they say as if the tongue were an evil and poisonous creature that can kill people. Alternate translation: "It is like a restless and evil creature, full of deadly poison" or "It is like a restless and evil creature that can kill people with its venom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/09.md b/jas/03/09.md index 40bb0700e2..55237a0bc3 100644 --- a/jas/03/09.md +++ b/jas/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # who have been made in God's likeness This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God made in his likeness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/10.md b/jas/03/10.md index 0b48a40c00..12ee1bd0c7 100644 --- a/jas/03/10.md +++ b/jas/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The nouns "blessing" and "cursing" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alter # these things should not happen "these things are wrong" - diff --git a/jas/03/11.md b/jas/03/11.md index a0ebf6d07d..232762e018 100644 --- a/jas/03/11.md +++ b/jas/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ After James stresses that the words of believers should not both bless and curse # Does a spring pour out from its opening both sweet and bitter water? James uses a rhetorical question to remind believers about what happens in nature. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that a spring does not pour out both sweet water and bitter water." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/12.md b/jas/03/12.md index e286b3dee1..8702b331ab 100644 --- a/jas/03/12.md +++ b/jas/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ James uses another rhetorical question to remind the believers about what happen # Or a grapevine, figs? The word "make" is understood from the previous phrase. James uses another rhetorical question to remind the believers about what happens in nature. Alternate translation: "Or does a grapevine make figs?" or "And a grapevine cannot grow figs." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/13.md b/jas/03/13.md index 98add3cc77..90ef78277b 100644 --- a/jas/03/13.md +++ b/jas/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ James uses this question to teach his audience about proper behavior. The words # Let that person show a good life by his works in the humility of wisdom This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "humility" and "wisdom." Alternate translation: "That person should live a good life by doing the kind of deeds that come from being humble and wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/14.md b/jas/03/14.md index 05bae078f9..aae28a415d 100644 --- a/jas/03/14.md +++ b/jas/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's emotions or thoughts. This can be resta # do not boast and lie against the truth The abstract noun "truth" can be stated as "true." Alternate translation: "do not boast that you are wise, because that is not true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/15.md b/jas/03/15.md index acd1df9623..e714a3d2d9 100644 --- a/jas/03/15.md +++ b/jas/03/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "earthly" refers to the values and behaviors of the people who do not h # demonic "from demons" - diff --git a/jas/03/16.md b/jas/03/16.md index c9d0381835..6474ba85a1 100644 --- a/jas/03/16.md +++ b/jas/03/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "jealousy," "ambition," and "c # every evil practice "every kind of sinful behavior" or "every kind of wicked deed" - diff --git a/jas/03/17.md b/jas/03/17.md index aa84c047f4..289622cc1e 100644 --- a/jas/03/17.md +++ b/jas/03/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "good fruits" refer to kind things that people do for others as a result of # and sincere "and honest" or "and truthful" - diff --git a/jas/03/18.md b/jas/03/18.md index 7433cb27a7..0acd1aa741 100644 --- a/jas/03/18.md +++ b/jas/03/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Making peace is spoken of as if they were sowing seeds, and righteousness is spo # make peace The abstract noun "peace" can be expressed by using the word "peacefully." Alternate translation: "cause people to live peacefully" or "help people not to be angry with each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/03/intro.md b/jas/03/intro.md index 13e13b135d..4d65a67c29 100644 --- a/jas/03/intro.md +++ b/jas/03/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # James 03 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphors +### Metaphors James teaches his readers that they should live to please God by reminding them of things that they know from everyday life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ James teaches his readers that they should live to please God by reminding them * __[James 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jas/04/01.md b/jas/04/01.md index 64a599b7b8..04531dfd34 100644 --- a/jas/04/01.md +++ b/jas/04/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ James writes of the tension or conflict that people feel because of their differ # your desires that fight among your members Possible meanings are 1) "members" refers to the parts of a person: his body, feelings, and thoughts. Each person wants more than one thing, but he cannot have them all. Alternate translation: "your conflicting desires within you" 2) "members" refers to the individual people in the church. Different members want different things. Alternate translation: "the conflicting desires among you all" - diff --git a/jas/04/02.md b/jas/04/02.md index 28c620fd6f..a10ea9af72 100644 --- a/jas/04/02.md +++ b/jas/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "You murder" is probably a hyperbole. The words "murder" and "covet" # You fight and quarrel The words "fight" and "quarrel" mean basically the same thing. James uses them to emphasize how much the people argue among themselves. Alternate translation: "You constantly fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/03.md b/jas/04/03.md index d9ccb4b02a..b49aafe8ef 100644 --- a/jas/04/03.md +++ b/jas/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you ask wrongly Possible meanings are 1) "you ask with wrong motives" or "you ask with bad attitudes" or 2) "you are asking for wrong things" or "you are asking for bad things" - diff --git a/jas/04/04.md b/jas/04/04.md index 5f89932bda..2e0b61ef0c 100644 --- a/jas/04/04.md +++ b/jas/04/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the world's value system is spoken of as if it were a person that others co # friendship with the world is hostility against God One who is friends with the world is an enemy of God. Here "friendship with the world" stands for being friends with the world, and "hostility against God" stands for being hostile against God. Alternate translation: "friends of the world are enemies of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/05.md b/jas/04/05.md index abdaaeed25..7ec18320f1 100644 --- a/jas/04/05.md +++ b/jas/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a rhetorical question James uses to exhort his audience. To speak in vai # The Spirit he caused to live in us Some versions, including the ULB and UDB, understand this as a reference to the Holy Spirit. Other versions translate this as "the spirit" and mean by it the human spirit that each person has been created to have. We suggest that you use the meaning that is presented in other translations used by your readers. - diff --git a/jas/04/06.md b/jas/04/06.md index e2ac42fa30..cc58fd1492 100644 --- a/jas/04/06.md +++ b/jas/04/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to proud people in general. Alternate translation: "proud people" (S # the humble This refers to humble people in general. Alternate translation: "humble people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/07.md b/jas/04/07.md index 87fc76fc12..0528393e1d 100644 --- a/jas/04/07.md +++ b/jas/04/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # you Here this pronoun is plural and refers to James's audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/08.md b/jas/04/08.md index 3b94f0a15c..389331bfb4 100644 --- a/jas/04/08.md +++ b/jas/04/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "hearts" refers to a person's thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: # you double-minded people The word "double-minded" refers to a person who cannot make a firm decision about something. Alternate translation: "you people who cannot decide if you want to obey God or not" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/09.md b/jas/04/09.md index 1c5b4ca620..0f90b1d892 100644 --- a/jas/04/09.md +++ b/jas/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These three words have similar meanings. James uses them together to emphasize t # Let your laughter turn into mourning and your joy into gloom This is saying the same thing in different ways for emphasis. The abstract nouns "laughter," "mourning," "joy," and "gloom" can be translated as verbs or adjectives. Alternate translation: "Stop laughing and mourn. Stop being joyful and be gloomy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/10.md b/jas/04/10.md index 4c94c992ba..fa95f19965 100644 --- a/jas/04/10.md +++ b/jas/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he will exalt you James indicates that God will honor the humble person by saying God will pick that person up off the ground physically from where that person had prostrated himself in humility. Alternate translation: "he will honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/11.md b/jas/04/11.md index 509d324411..364b3be006 100644 --- a/jas/04/11.md +++ b/jas/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ James speaks of the believers as if they are biological brothers. The term here # but a judge "but you are acting like the person who gives the law" - diff --git a/jas/04/12.md b/jas/04/12.md index 6a48f50e9f..c95e4127ab 100644 --- a/jas/04/12.md +++ b/jas/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to God. "God is the only one who gives laws and judges people" # Who are you, you who judge your neighbor? This is a rhetorical question James uses to scold his audience. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "You are just a human and cannot judge another human." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/13.md b/jas/04/13.md index 350f377b5d..d64c644071 100644 --- a/jas/04/13.md +++ b/jas/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spend a year there James speaks of spending time as if it were money. "stay there for a year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/14.md b/jas/04/14.md index cafd5d0278..7c985ac8ca 100644 --- a/jas/04/14.md +++ b/jas/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ James uses these questions to correct his audience and to teach these believers # For you are a mist that appears for a little while and then disappears James speaks of people as if they were a mist that appears and then quickly goes away. Alternate translation: "You live for only a short amount of time, and then you die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/04/15.md b/jas/04/15.md index d31ef1575c..c3e9dae26d 100644 --- a/jas/04/15.md +++ b/jas/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we will live and do this or that "we will live long enough to do what we have planned to do." The word "we" does not directly refer to James or his audience but is part of the example of how James's audience should consider the future. - diff --git a/jas/04/16.md b/jas/04/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jas/04/16.md +++ b/jas/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jas/04/17.md b/jas/04/17.md index 0f2ff7da93..c8d3e9c637 100644 --- a/jas/04/17.md +++ b/jas/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for anyone who knows to do good but does not do it, for him it is sin Anyone who fails to do the good he knows he should do is guilty of sin. - diff --git a/jas/04/intro.md b/jas/04/intro.md index c22f43abb1..4916259ae9 100644 --- a/jas/04/intro.md +++ b/jas/04/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,24 @@ # James 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Adultery +### Adultery Writers in the Bible often speak of adultery as a metaphor for people who say they love God but do things that God hates. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) -#### Law +### Law James probably uses this word in [James 4:11](../../jas/04/11.md) to refer to "the royal law" ([James 2:8](../../jas/02/08.md)). -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical Questions +### Rhetorical Questions James asks many questions because he wants his readers to think about how they are living. He wants to correct and teach them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Humble +### Humble This word probably usually refers to people who are not proud. James uses the word here to refer to people who are not proud and who also trust in Jesus and obey him. @@ -27,4 +27,3 @@ This word probably usually refers to people who are not proud. James uses the wo * __[James 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jas/05/01.md b/jas/05/01.md index 89285fa92f..0ab2ef8fb3 100644 --- a/jas/05/01.md +++ b/jas/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) James is giving a strong warning to wealthy believers o # because of the miseries coming on you James states that these people will suffer terribly in the future and writes as if their sufferings were objects that were coming toward them. The abstract noun "miseries" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "because you will suffer terribly in the future" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/02.md b/jas/05/02.md index 2aba81325a..205137c1ba 100644 --- a/jas/05/02.md +++ b/jas/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Earthly riches do not last nor do they have any eternal value. James speaks of t # riches ... clothes These things are mentioned as examples of things that are valuable to wealthy people. - diff --git a/jas/05/03.md b/jas/05/03.md index 25d3b6725e..1f46758c3c 100644 --- a/jas/05/03.md +++ b/jas/05/03.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The idea of fire here is meant to lead people to remember that fire often stands # for the last days This refers to the time right before God comes to judge all people. The wicked think they are storing up riches for the future, but what they are doing is storing up judgment. Alternate translation: "for when God is about to judge you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/04.md b/jas/05/04.md index ae33fb92c8..9d8b5fba80 100644 --- a/jas/05/04.md +++ b/jas/05/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The shouts of the harvesters are spoken of as if they could be heard in heaven. # the ears of the Lord of hosts God is spoken of as if he had ears as humans have. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/05.md b/jas/05/05.md index ad755771b4..e72597a880 100644 --- a/jas/05/05.md +++ b/jas/05/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here people are viewed as if they were cattle, luxuriously fed on grain so they # your hearts The "heart" was considered to be the center of human desire, and here stands for the entire person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/06.md b/jas/05/06.md index 12b8cc7983..867448b58c 100644 --- a/jas/05/06.md +++ b/jas/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is probably not "condemned" in the legal sense of a judge passing a sentenc # the righteous person. He does not "the people who do what is right. They do not." Here "the righteous person" refers to righteous people in general and not to a specific person. Alternate translation: "righteous people. They do not" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/07.md b/jas/05/07.md index 8cc4fb77fc..4bebbff19a 100644 --- a/jas/05/07.md +++ b/jas/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # General Information: In closing, James reminds the believers about the Lord's coming and gives several short lessons on how to live for the Lord. @@ -18,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase refers to the return of Jesus, when he will begin his kingdom on the # the farmer James makes an analogy using farmers and believers to teach what it means to be patient. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/08.md b/jas/05/08.md index 7e42330e14..13e78362d7 100644 --- a/jas/05/08.md +++ b/jas/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ James is equating the believers' hearts to their will to remain committed. Alter # the Lord's coming is near "the Lord will return soon" - diff --git a/jas/05/09.md b/jas/05/09.md index e7df895757..0a20c0de30 100644 --- a/jas/05/09.md +++ b/jas/05/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in the active. Alternate translation: "Christ will not condem # the judge is standing at the door James compares Jesus, the judge, to a person about to walk through a door to emphasize how soon Jesus will return to judge the world. Alternate translation: "the judge is coming soon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/10.md b/jas/05/10.md index 15acbe66bc..cab4bf15bb 100644 --- a/jas/05/10.md +++ b/jas/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # spoke in the name of the Lord "Name" here is a metonym for the person of the Lord. Alternate translation: "spoke by the authority of the Lord" or "spoke for the Lord to the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/11.md b/jas/05/11.md index afc078ae8b..2eeb9a3717 100644 --- a/jas/05/11.md +++ b/jas/05/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # those who endured "those who continued obeying God even through hardship" - diff --git a/jas/05/12.md b/jas/05/12.md index df15ec3360..72be7f202a 100644 --- a/jas/05/12.md +++ b/jas/05/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ James is telling people to speak the truth without making an oath. Alternate tra # so you do not fall under judgment Being condemned is spoken of as if one had fallen, crushed by the weight of something heavy. Alternate translation: "so God will not punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/13.md b/jas/05/13.md index e76a63f702..c0061328f8 100644 --- a/jas/05/13.md +++ b/jas/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ James uses this question to cause the readers to reflect on their need. This can # Is anyone cheerful? Let him sing praise James uses this question to cause the readers to reflect on their blessings. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "If anyone is happy, he should sing songs of praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/14.md b/jas/05/14.md index 5d97685d39..5e9824ee67 100644 --- a/jas/05/14.md +++ b/jas/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ James uses this question to cause the readers to reflect on their need. This can # in the name of the Lord "Name" is a metonym for the person of Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: "by the authority of the Lord" or "with the authority that the Lord has given hthem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/15.md b/jas/05/15.md index c17e3b20ee..841a08f0ce 100644 --- a/jas/05/15.md +++ b/jas/05/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of God hearing believers pray for sick people and healing thos # the Lord will raise him up "the Lord will make him well" or "the Lord will enable him to resume his normal life" - diff --git a/jas/05/16.md b/jas/05/16.md index 080e6dd015..4eabed7cc0 100644 --- a/jas/05/16.md +++ b/jas/05/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that God may heal # The prayer of a righteous person is very strong in its working Prayer is presented as if it were an object that was strong or powerful. Alternate translation: "When the person who obeys God prays, God will do great things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/17.md b/jas/05/17.md index 5acfd56db4..f8336241d9 100644 --- a/jas/05/17.md +++ b/jas/05/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ There may have been rain in lands other than Israel, but it did not rain in Isra # three ... six "3 ... 6" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/18.md b/jas/05/18.md index 7952f2838d..491a5a285b 100644 --- a/jas/05/18.md +++ b/jas/05/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the earth is presented as the source of the crops. # fruit Here "fruit" stands for all the crops of the farmers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/19.md b/jas/05/19.md index e8b57b6dbb..31d214d257 100644 --- a/jas/05/19.md +++ b/jas/05/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here this word probably refers to both men and women. Alternate translation: "fe # if anyone among you strays from the truth, and someone brings him back A believer who stops trusting in God and obeying him is spoken of as if he were a sheep that wandered away from the flock. The person who persuades him to trust in God again is spoken of as if he were a shepherd who goes to search for the lost sheep. Alternate translation: "whenever anyone stops obeying God, and another person helps him start obeying again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/20.md b/jas/05/20.md index 97da79b185..d2bbfe5ab8 100644 --- a/jas/05/20.md +++ b/jas/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "death" refers to spiritual death, eternal separation from God. Alternate t # will cover over a great number of sins Possible meanings are 1) the person who brings back the disobedient brother will have his sins forgiven or 2) the disobedient brother, when he returns to the Lord, will have his sins forgiven. Sins are spoken of as if they were objects that God could cover so that he would not see them, so that he would forgive them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jas/05/intro.md b/jas/05/intro.md index eb7f9326e3..5f5b0a7fdd 100644 --- a/jas/05/intro.md +++ b/jas/05/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,23 @@ # James 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Eternity -#### Eternity This chapter contrasts living for things of this world, which will not last, with living for things that will last for eternity. It is also important to live with the expectation that Jesus will return soon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) -#### Oaths +### Oaths + Scholars are divided over whether this passage teaches all oaths are wrong. Most scholars believe some oaths are permissible and James instead is teaching Christians to have integrity. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Elijah -This story will be difficult to understand if the books of 1 and 2 Kings and 1 and 2 Chronicles have not yet been translated. +### Elijah + +This story will be difficult to understand if the books of 1 and 2 Kings and 1 and 2 Chronicles have not yet been translated. + +### "Save his soul from death" -#### "Save his soul from death" This probably teaches that the person who stops their sinful lifestyle will not be punished with physical death as a consequence of their sin. On the other hand, some scholars believe this passage teaches about eternal salvation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +25,3 @@ This probably teaches that the person who stops their sinful lifestyle will not * __[James 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/jas/front/intro.md b/jas/front/intro.md index f0efde2984..44ca68b557 100644 --- a/jas/front/intro.md +++ b/jas/front/intro.md @@ -7,26 +7,33 @@ 1. Greetings (1:1) 1. Testing and maturity (1:2-18) 1. Hearing and doing the Word of God (1:19-27) -1. True faith seen in works - - Word of God (1:19-27) - - Royal law of love (2:1-13) - - Works (2:14-26) -1. Difficulties in community - - Dangers of the tongue (3:1-12) - - Wisdom from above (3:13-18) - - Worldly desires (4:1-12) +1. True faith seen in works + + - Word of God (1:19-27) + - Royal law of love (2:1-13) + - Works (2:14-26) + +1. Difficulties in community + + - Dangers of the tongue (3:1-12) + - Wisdom from above (3:13-18) + - Worldly desires (4:1-12) + 1. God's perspective on your decisions - - Boasting about tomorrow (4:13-17) - - Warning about riches (5:1-6) - - Suffering with patience (5:7-11) + + - Boasting about tomorrow (4:13-17) + - Warning about riches (5:1-6) + - Suffering with patience (5:7-11) + 1. Closing exhortations - - Oaths (5:12) - - Prayer and healing (5:13-18) - - Care for one another (5:19-20) + + - Oaths (5:12) + - Prayer and healing (5:13-18) + - Care for one another (5:19-20) ### Who wrote the Book of James? -The author identified himself as James. This was probably James, the half-brother of Jesus. James was a leader in the early church and was part of the Jerusalem council. The Apostle Paul also called him a "pillar" of the church. +The author identified himself as James. This was probably James, the half-brother of Jesus. James was a leader in the early church and was part of the Jerusalem council. The Apostle Paul also called him a "pillar" of the church. This is not the same man as the Apostle James. The Apostle James was killed before this letter was written. @@ -34,7 +41,7 @@ This is not the same man as the Apostle James. The Apostle James was killed befo In this letter, James encouraged believers who were suffering. He told them know that God uses their suffering to help them become mature Christians. James also told them of the need for believers to do good deeds. He wrote much in this letter about how believers should live and treat one another. For example, he commanded them to treat one another fairly, to not fight with one another, and to use riches wisely. -James taught his readers by using many examples from nature such as in 1:6, 11 and 3:1-12. Also, many parts of this letter are similar to what Jesus wrote in the Sermon on the Mount (Mat 5-7). +James taught his readers by using many examples from nature such as in 1:6, 11 and 3:1-12. Also, many parts of this letter are similar to what Jesus wrote in the Sermon on the Mount (Mat 5-7). ### Who were the "twelve tribes in the dispersion"? @@ -54,11 +61,10 @@ Paul taught in Romans that Christians are justified by faith and not by works. J ### How should the translator signal transitions between topics in the Book of James? -The letter quickly changes topics. Sometimes James does not tell the readers that he is about to change topics. It is acceptable to allow the verses to appear disconnected from each other. It may make sense to set the passages apart by starting a new line or putting a space between topics. +The letter quickly changes topics. Sometimes James does not tell the readers that he is about to change topics. It is acceptable to allow the verses to appear disconnected from each other. It may make sense to set the passages apart by starting a new line or putting a space between topics. ### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of James? * "Do you want to know, foolish man, that faith without works is useless?" (2:20). The ULB and modern translations read this way. Some older translations read, "Do you want to know, foolish man, that faith without works is dead?" If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/01.md b/jdg/01/01.md index 7dc55f08d7..2a507d0483 100644 --- a/jdg/01/01.md +++ b/jdg/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # will attack the Canaanites for us The word "us" refers to the people of Israel, but not to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/02.md b/jdg/01/02.md index 126d832f1c..8d3b4f1504 100644 --- a/jdg/01/02.md +++ b/jdg/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Judah" represents the men of the tribe of Judah. Yahweh is commanding thes # this land This refers to the land where the Canaanites lived. Alternate translation: "the land of the Canaanites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/03.md b/jdg/01/03.md index 8a1d605b00..b66f1bc1ff 100644 --- a/jdg/01/03.md +++ b/jdg/01/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Yahweh assigned # We in turn will go with you "In the same way, we will go with you" - diff --git a/jdg/01/04.md b/jdg/01/04.md index bb309c52c0..b6c237d20d 100644 --- a/jdg/01/04.md +++ b/jdg/01/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that the men of Simeon attacked with the men of Judah. (See: [[rc: # Bezek This is an area in the mountains of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/05.md b/jdg/01/05.md index 2fa4aebec6..61ec0580fe 100644 --- a/jdg/01/05.md +++ b/jdg/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This man was the leader of the army of the Canaanites and the Perizzites. (See: # they fought against him Here "him" actually refers to Adoni-Bezek and his army. Alternate translation: "they fought against him and his army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/06.md b/jdg/01/06.md index 93ae86628d..d7eb905c0b 100644 --- a/jdg/01/06.md +++ b/jdg/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pursued him "chased him" - diff --git a/jdg/01/07.md b/jdg/01/07.md index 2d798272b4..1fcb16916a 100644 --- a/jdg/01/07.md +++ b/jdg/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whose thumbs and big # picked up food from under my table The phrase "picked up" is a metonym for eating. Forcing these kings to eat food that fell from Adoni-Bezek's table represents all the ways that he humiliated them. Alternate translation: "ate scraps of food from under my table" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/08.md b/jdg/01/08.md index 297ed53d83..cd15cee564 100644 --- a/jdg/01/08.md +++ b/jdg/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "it" refers to the city which represents the people of the city. Alternate # with the edge of the sword "with the point of the sword." Here "sword" represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. Alternate translation: "with their swords" or "with their weapons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/09.md b/jdg/01/09.md index 3b3c3c391b..c03d9f71ec 100644 --- a/jdg/01/09.md +++ b/jdg/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It was common to use the word "down" when it refers to traveling from Jerusalem. # lowlands hills at the base of a mountain or mountain range - diff --git a/jdg/01/10.md b/jdg/01/10.md index 0a5655d32e..ad07ee593d 100644 --- a/jdg/01/10.md +++ b/jdg/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is background information. Some people who first read this book had probabl # Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai These are the names of three Canaanite leaders of Hebron. Each leader represents his army. Alternate translation: "Sheshai, Ahiman, Talmai, and their armies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/11.md b/jdg/01/11.md index b80e6163d3..9f9ce57035 100644 --- a/jdg/01/11.md +++ b/jdg/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author probably wrote this because his readers knew the city as Debir. But a # was previously "was in times past" or "was at an earlier time" - diff --git a/jdg/01/12.md b/jdg/01/12.md index c9be03c40a..42756d5c30 100644 --- a/jdg/01/12.md +++ b/jdg/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Kiriath Sepher" represents the people. Alternate translation: "Whoever att # Aksah This is the name of Caleb's daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/13.md b/jdg/01/13.md index c4ab3129dc..b25fd2717e 100644 --- a/jdg/01/13.md +++ b/jdg/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Othniel, son of Kenaz These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/14.md b/jdg/01/14.md index a6dd2f2466..0a21b80fb2 100644 --- a/jdg/01/14.md +++ b/jdg/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she urged him "Aksah urged Othniel" - diff --git a/jdg/01/15.md b/jdg/01/15.md index 8aeac743e2..de2a8f4f76 100644 --- a/jdg/01/15.md +++ b/jdg/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Caleb gave Aksah in marriage to Othniel, so she lived with Othniel in the city t # Since you have given me the land This implies that Caleb did give her the field when she asked him for it (verse 14). She is now asking for springs of water in addition to that field. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/16.md b/jdg/01/16.md index 1d042dbae4..936ce82abf 100644 --- a/jdg/01/16.md +++ b/jdg/01/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is another name for the city of Jericho. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ex # Arad This is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/17.md b/jdg/01/17.md index 978435c1a0..cf8de346d9 100644 --- a/jdg/01/17.md +++ b/jdg/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names # The name of the city was called Hormah After the Israelites destroyed Zephath, they changed its name to "Hormah." The name "Hormah" means "complete destruction." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/18.md b/jdg/01/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/01/18.md +++ b/jdg/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/01/19.md b/jdg/01/19.md index dffe4fb6a9..0cbc66bd70 100644 --- a/jdg/01/19.md +++ b/jdg/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "was with" means that Yahweh helped the people of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta # plains a very large area of level, treeless ground - diff --git a/jdg/01/20.md b/jdg/01/20.md index 12efeb6abe..05c2d25353 100644 --- a/jdg/01/20.md +++ b/jdg/01/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The leaders of the people groups are used to refer to the entire group. Alternat # Anak This is the name of a man. Anak and his descendants were famous for being very tall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/21.md b/jdg/01/21.md index f6d149b60a..f79c881448 100644 --- a/jdg/01/21.md +++ b/jdg/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to this day "until now." This refers to the time the book of Judges was written. - diff --git a/jdg/01/22.md b/jdg/01/22.md index 9d359d2edd..54da611a16 100644 --- a/jdg/01/22.md +++ b/jdg/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "house" represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, a # to attack Bethel Here "Bethel" represents the people who live in Bethel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/23.md b/jdg/01/23.md index 2ef2849298..098d444a70 100644 --- a/jdg/01/23.md +++ b/jdg/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ to get information secretly # the city that was formerly named Luz This is background information. Some people who first read this book had probably heard of Luz but did not know that it was the same as the city that they called Bethel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/24.md b/jdg/01/24.md index dcfbf12b9d..7ea1e489d0 100644 --- a/jdg/01/24.md +++ b/jdg/01/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spies people who get information secretly - diff --git a/jdg/01/25.md b/jdg/01/25.md index a17c859169..35c03b49f4 100644 --- a/jdg/01/25.md +++ b/jdg/01/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "city" represents the people. Alternate translation: "they attacked the peo # get away This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "escape" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/26.md b/jdg/01/26.md index 33f0001b02..23291be79f 100644 --- a/jdg/01/26.md +++ b/jdg/01/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This new town started in the land of the Hittites was named after the town of Lu # which is its name to this day "which is still its name." Here "to this day" refers to the time when the book of Judges was written. - diff --git a/jdg/01/27.md b/jdg/01/27.md index b4942d6ffc..97e6176221 100644 --- a/jdg/01/27.md +++ b/jdg/01/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # because the Canaanites were determined to live in that land To "determine" is to firmly decide something. Alternate translation: "because the Canaanites firmly decided not to leave that land" - diff --git a/jdg/01/28.md b/jdg/01/28.md index 0d03175190..ac2c42a7a5 100644 --- a/jdg/01/28.md +++ b/jdg/01/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Israel" represents the people. Alternate translation: "When the people of # they forced the Canaanites to serve them with hard labor "they forced the Canaanites to do hard work for them" - diff --git a/jdg/01/29.md b/jdg/01/29.md index 3338dd4f00..2256e8c5bf 100644 --- a/jdg/01/29.md +++ b/jdg/01/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Ephraim" the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Ephraim. (See: [[rc://en/ # Gezer The name of one of the cities in the Ephraim area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/30.md b/jdg/01/30.md index 07a3ed31ed..365796c104 100644 --- a/jdg/01/30.md +++ b/jdg/01/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Zebulun" represents the people of the tribe of Zebulun. (See: [[rc://en/ta # hard labor "difficult labor" - diff --git a/jdg/01/31.md b/jdg/01/31.md index a9a224f4ee..6ea0b2b0b0 100644 --- a/jdg/01/31.md +++ b/jdg/01/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Asher" represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Asher. (See: [[r # Akko ... Sidon ... Ahlab, Akzib, Helbah, Aphek ... Rehob These are names of cities in the land of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/32.md b/jdg/01/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/01/32.md +++ b/jdg/01/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/01/33.md b/jdg/01/33.md index 9b708149b9..3fc7f05a16 100644 --- a/jdg/01/33.md +++ b/jdg/01/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath were forced into hard labor for Naphthali This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people of Naphtali forced the people of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath to work for them as slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/34.md b/jdg/01/34.md index 2a522e8173..100fb6885b 100644 --- a/jdg/01/34.md +++ b/jdg/01/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # plain a very large area of flat land without trees - diff --git a/jdg/01/35.md b/jdg/01/35.md index babceae966..ce9e3239dd 100644 --- a/jdg/01/35.md +++ b/jdg/01/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # house of Joseph Here "house" represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the "house of Joseph" can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate translation: "the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim" or "the men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/36.md b/jdg/01/36.md index 08b0231291..e31d35c4bb 100644 --- a/jdg/01/36.md +++ b/jdg/01/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a pass southwest of the Dead Sea. It is also called the "Scorpion Pass. # Sela This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/01/intro.md b/jdg/01/intro.md index d9ba28f135..f7360d527d 100644 --- a/jdg/01/intro.md +++ b/jdg/01/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ # Judges 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting -#### "After the death of Joshua" +## Structure and formatting + +### "After the death of Joshua" + This statement creates a seamless transition from the book of Joshua. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Finishing the conquest of the Promised Land +### Finishing the conquest of the Promised Land -Israel fought to clear the land of the Canaanites, but they also made treaties with other peoples and made some of them do hard labor. This was against God's instruction to completely remove the Canaanite people from the land. +Israel fought to clear the land of the Canaanites, but they also made treaties with other peoples and made some of them do hard labor. This was against God's instruction to completely remove the Canaanite people from the land. ## Links: @@ -16,4 +18,3 @@ Israel fought to clear the land of the Canaanites, but they also made treaties w * __[Judges intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/02/01.md b/jdg/02/01.md index 6704eb311c..989f888c9d 100644 --- a/jdg/02/01.md +++ b/jdg/02/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ It is understood that the angel of Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel. A # break my covenant with you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "fail to do what I said I would do for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/02.md b/jdg/02/02.md index 4aa00865f6..028c0491ba 100644 --- a/jdg/02/02.md +++ b/jdg/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "voice" represents what Yahweh said. Alternate translation: "you have not o # What is this that you have done? This question is asked to cause the people of Israel to realize they have disobeyed Yahweh and will suffer because of it. Alternate translation: "You have done a terrible thing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/03.md b/jdg/02/03.md index db982a8841..5fe7a0023b 100644 --- a/jdg/02/03.md +++ b/jdg/02/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ sharp pieces of wood up to 7 centimeters long that stick out from some plants # their gods will become a trap for you The Israelites worshiping the Canaanite gods is spoken of as if the false gods were a hunter's trap that catches an animal and causes it harm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/04.md b/jdg/02/04.md index dd72f9b383..7d5950b541 100644 --- a/jdg/02/04.md +++ b/jdg/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # shouted and wept "cried many tears" - diff --git a/jdg/02/05.md b/jdg/02/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/02/05.md +++ b/jdg/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/02/06.md b/jdg/02/06.md index 497401cbf6..f15f2c4d66 100644 --- a/jdg/02/06.md +++ b/jdg/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The events of 1:1-2:5 happened after Joshua died. This is recounting events that # to his own property This statement can be made clearer. Alternate translation: "to the place Yahweh had given him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/07.md b/jdg/02/07.md index e9043ab3f9..c118dde54c 100644 --- a/jdg/02/07.md +++ b/jdg/02/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this means the men who helped lead Israel, participating in matters of soci # outlived him This means to live longer than someone else. Alternate translation: "lived longer than he did" - diff --git a/jdg/02/08.md b/jdg/02/08.md index 149850dd9c..8a6f8ba9a4 100644 --- a/jdg/02/08.md +++ b/jdg/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 110 years old "one hundred and ten years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/09.md b/jdg/02/09.md index 5ee1068ef0..3a5dc28a01 100644 --- a/jdg/02/09.md +++ b/jdg/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of an area of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names] # Mount Gaash This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/10.md b/jdg/02/10.md index 1c548e78b7..2f888623e6 100644 --- a/jdg/02/10.md +++ b/jdg/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this means the ancestors of a certain person or people group. # who did not know Yahweh Here "did not know" means they had not experienced Yahweh or his power the way the previous generation had. - diff --git a/jdg/02/11.md b/jdg/02/11.md index 786d36ead2..2b5e7bb95d 100644 --- a/jdg/02/11.md +++ b/jdg/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate transl # Baals This is the plural of Baal. While "Baal" was generally the name of one false god, the word was also used for various other gods that were often worshiped along with Baal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/12.md b/jdg/02/12.md index 6cd72c0d2e..7092a4550a 100644 --- a/jdg/02/12.md +++ b/jdg/02/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an act of worship and giving honor to someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # They provoked Yahweh to anger "They caused Yahweh to become angry" - diff --git a/jdg/02/13.md b/jdg/02/13.md index 061c8cc787..62e183a126 100644 --- a/jdg/02/13.md +++ b/jdg/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ashtoreths This is the plural of Ashtoroth, who was worshiped as a goddess in many different forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/14.md b/jdg/02/14.md index db8cb84ed7..9c028ddd06 100644 --- a/jdg/02/14.md +++ b/jdg/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The anger of Yahweh is described as burning like a fire. Alternate translation: # He sold them as slaves who were held by the strength of their enemies around them, so they could no longer defend themselves against their enemies Yahweh allowing the enemies to take the Israelites as slaves is spoken of as if he sold them into slavery. The phrase "who were held by" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He allowed their enemies to conquer them and take them as slaves, and they could no longer resist their powerful enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/15.md b/jdg/02/15.md index 27cf20aef3..3f8d3b2b0f 100644 --- a/jdg/02/15.md +++ b/jdg/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "Yahweh helped the # they were in terrible distress "they were suffering terribly" - diff --git a/jdg/02/16.md b/jdg/02/16.md index 38957c1cf8..18e58015df 100644 --- a/jdg/02/16.md +++ b/jdg/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh appointing persons to be judges is spoken of as if he were raising or lif # out of the hand of those Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "from the power of the enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/17.md b/jdg/02/17.md index aa689e5598..b90ccc2d91 100644 --- a/jdg/02/17.md +++ b/jdg/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people betraying Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if the peo # their fathers "their ancestors" or "their forefathers" - diff --git a/jdg/02/18.md b/jdg/02/18.md index 45a31f0b01..ae217c4480 100644 --- a/jdg/02/18.md +++ b/jdg/02/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ to have compassion for someone or something # as they groaned The sound made by a person who suffers is used to describe the pain of the Israelites as they suffer. Alternate translation: "as they suffered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/19.md b/jdg/02/19.md index 0af8216e01..5f7553c856 100644 --- a/jdg/02/19.md +++ b/jdg/02/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Israelites worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they were walking and go # They refused to give up any of their evil deeds or their stubborn ways "They refused to stop doing evil things and being stubborn." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "They continued doing evil things and being stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/20.md b/jdg/02/20.md index fbf0f861ed..e2195d3e7d 100644 --- a/jdg/02/20.md +++ b/jdg/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The anger of Yahweh is described as burning like a fire. See how you translated # this nation has broken Here "nation" represents the people. Alternate translation: "these people have broken" or "the Israelites have broken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/21.md b/jdg/02/21.md index d3dca25c28..17b67ede28 100644 --- a/jdg/02/21.md +++ b/jdg/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # any of the nations Here "nations" represents the people groups that lived in Canaan before the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/22.md b/jdg/02/22.md index b5d9af0051..c956205b86 100644 --- a/jdg/02/22.md +++ b/jdg/02/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will keep the way of Yahweh and walk in it How Yahweh wants people to live or behave is spoken of as if it were a way or road. A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they were walking in his way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/23.md b/jdg/02/23.md index e8b49b3686..fa89cc0fda 100644 --- a/jdg/02/23.md +++ b/jdg/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and can be combined. Alternate translation # into the hand of Joshua Here "hand" is a metonym for power, and "Joshua" represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "into the power of Joshua and his army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/02/intro.md b/jdg/02/intro.md index f3ed453abc..5e6014727b 100644 --- a/jdg/02/intro.md +++ b/jdg/02/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Judges 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh tests Israel +### Yahweh tests Israel Yahweh said, "Because this nation has broken the terms of my covenant." Completely removing the Canaanites from the land was a test from Yahweh. While Yahweh displayed covenant faithfulness, Israel did not. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Yahweh said, "Because this nation has broken the terms of my covenant." Complete * __[Judges 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/03/01.md b/jdg/03/01.md index 0da4531227..2b8c1b84a6 100644 --- a/jdg/03/01.md +++ b/jdg/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people groups that the narrator will list in 3:3. # who had not experienced any of the wars fought in Canaan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who had not fought in any of the wars in Canaan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/02.md b/jdg/03/02.md index d84615ee90..faf20cab69 100644 --- a/jdg/03/02.md +++ b/jdg/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He did this to teach warfare to the new generation of the people of Israel who had not known it before This changes from the main story. The narrator gives background information about why Yahweh left some of the people groups in Canaan. Alternate translation: "Yahweh left nations among the people of Israel to teach the young men who had not fought in battle before how to fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/03.md b/jdg/03/03.md index fe9c832f99..c7684c098d 100644 --- a/jdg/03/03.md +++ b/jdg/03/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the highest mountain in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-nam # Lebo Hamath This is the name of route between two mountains at the northern boundary of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/04.md b/jdg/03/04.md index 3f2567cff2..a578e73da0 100644 --- a/jdg/03/04.md +++ b/jdg/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "they" and "their" refer to the people of Israel. # the commands he gave "the commands Yahweh gave" - diff --git a/jdg/03/05.md b/jdg/03/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/03/05.md +++ b/jdg/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/03/06.md b/jdg/03/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/03/06.md +++ b/jdg/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/03/07.md b/jdg/03/07.md index 0e599c45e2..4aea3df191 100644 --- a/jdg/03/07.md +++ b/jdg/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you tran # forgot Yahweh their God Here "forgot" is an idiom that means "they stopped obeying." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/08.md b/jdg/03/08.md index 2cf10e927e..7c6c1e2f12 100644 --- a/jdg/03/08.md +++ b/jdg/03/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Aram Naharaim This is the name of a country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/09.md b/jdg/03/09.md index 1004b3bba7..2d515385d3 100644 --- a/jdg/03/09.md +++ b/jdg/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh appointing someone to do a special work for him is spoken of as if Yahweh # Othniel ... Kenaz See how you translated these men's names in [Judges 1:13](../01/13.md). - diff --git a/jdg/03/10.md b/jdg/03/10.md index 08f894eb76..9deb0118be 100644 --- a/jdg/03/10.md +++ b/jdg/03/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Cushan-Rishathaim" represents his army. Alternate translation: "Yahweh hel # The hand of Othniel Here "hand" is a metonym for army. Alternate translation: "The army of Othniel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/11.md b/jdg/03/11.md index ee50489a5e..c459b4f275 100644 --- a/jdg/03/11.md +++ b/jdg/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # forty years "40 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/12.md b/jdg/03/12.md index e921a1716f..8c2a473f7a 100644 --- a/jdg/03/12.md +++ b/jdg/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # to overpower Israel The name "Israel" here is a metonym for the army or the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "to defeat the army of Israel" or "to conquer the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/13.md b/jdg/03/13.md index 1edcad906f..d5ac60e57e 100644 --- a/jdg/03/13.md +++ b/jdg/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the City of Palms This is another name for the city of Jericho. See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md). - diff --git a/jdg/03/14.md b/jdg/03/14.md index 7d3a4abe53..a92881cffd 100644 --- a/jdg/03/14.md +++ b/jdg/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # eighteen years "18 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/15.md b/jdg/03/15.md index ef58873aff..ab69656194 100644 --- a/jdg/03/15.md +++ b/jdg/03/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # left-handed Ehud was better able to hold a sword with his left hand. - diff --git a/jdg/03/16.md b/jdg/03/16.md index 4b9b2e5160..14fa2684c1 100644 --- a/jdg/03/16.md +++ b/jdg/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ If it is necessary to use a modern measurement of length, here are two ways of d # thigh the part of the leg between the knee and the hip - diff --git a/jdg/03/17.md b/jdg/03/17.md index 41a917306b..43b7e0526b 100644 --- a/jdg/03/17.md +++ b/jdg/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Eglon was a very fat man Here "Now" is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the narrator tells background information about Eglon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/18.md b/jdg/03/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/03/18.md +++ b/jdg/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/03/19.md b/jdg/03/19.md index 29f6eb6dbd..55e0fa9575 100644 --- a/jdg/03/19.md +++ b/jdg/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when he reached the place where the carved images were made near Gilgal This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when he arrived at the place near Gilgal where people made carved images" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/20.md b/jdg/03/20.md index 8822c323b6..484bd41d5f 100644 --- a/jdg/03/20.md +++ b/jdg/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a room above the lower level that was used for rest and to remain cool d # The king got up out of his seat Standing up was a sign of honoring God will listening to his message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/21.md b/jdg/03/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/03/21.md +++ b/jdg/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/03/22.md b/jdg/03/22.md index f6a00214ef..2865dafdcb 100644 --- a/jdg/03/22.md +++ b/jdg/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The tip of the sword came out of his back "The sharp end of the sword came out of his back" - diff --git a/jdg/03/23.md b/jdg/03/23.md index 615796e23a..848345b3d7 100644 --- a/jdg/03/23.md +++ b/jdg/03/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # porch an outside room with low walls and a roof covering - diff --git a/jdg/03/24.md b/jdg/03/24.md index 4a8c746a41..8e80c9da75 100644 --- a/jdg/03/24.md +++ b/jdg/03/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Surely he is relieving himself This is a polite way to speak about a person having a bowel movement (defecating) or urinating. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/25.md b/jdg/03/25.md index 9705872dc5..e46892abd5 100644 --- a/jdg/03/25.md +++ b/jdg/03/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They waited until they became worried that something was wrong and it was their # took the key and opened them "took the key and opened the doors" - diff --git a/jdg/03/26.md b/jdg/03/26.md index f1ef586e4d..340d10675e 100644 --- a/jdg/03/26.md +++ b/jdg/03/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This tells what happened before the servants opened the doors to the upper room # Seirah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/27.md b/jdg/03/27.md index d590262dae..1ba1d1967b 100644 --- a/jdg/03/27.md +++ b/jdg/03/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When he arrived This could be made clearer. Alternate translation: "When he arrived in Seirah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/28.md b/jdg/03/28.md index e995c73d41..0f36785adc 100644 --- a/jdg/03/28.md +++ b/jdg/03/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the areas of a river where it is shallow and easy to walk across to the other si # did not allow anyone to cross "did not let anyone cross" - diff --git a/jdg/03/29.md b/jdg/03/29.md index a6b4e3801d..7f09e7bfa9 100644 --- a/jdg/03/29.md +++ b/jdg/03/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # capable men "able men" or "men able to fight well" - diff --git a/jdg/03/30.md b/jdg/03/30.md index 1e805dffcf..7de65684f6 100644 --- a/jdg/03/30.md +++ b/jdg/03/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "land" represents the people. Alternate translation: "the Israelites lived # eighty years "80 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/31.md b/jdg/03/31.md index 1de9eb597c..2f78832263 100644 --- a/jdg/03/31.md +++ b/jdg/03/31.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Cattle farmers would poke their cattle with a sharp stick to make them move. Alt # He also delivered Israel from danger The word "danger" refers to enemies that tried to harm the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "He also delivered the people of Israel from their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/03/intro.md b/jdg/03/intro.md index f4d21a553c..3b5dd75f47 100644 --- a/jdg/03/intro.md +++ b/jdg/03/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,19 @@ # Judges 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The people worship false gods +### The people worship false gods -Israel worshiped idols and false gods. Because of this, Yahweh allowed Aram and Moab to rule over them. In the period of Judges, when Israel sinned, they were often placed under the rule of a foreign power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +Israel worshiped idols and false gods. Because of this, Yahweh allowed Aram and Moab to rule over them. In the period of Judges, when Israel sinned, they were often placed under the rule of a foreign power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Blew a trumpet" +### "Blew a trumpet" -When Ehud "blew a trumpet," he was calling all of the men to come help him fight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) +When Ehud "blew a trumpet," he was calling all of the men to come help him fight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: * __[Judges 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/04/01.md b/jdg/04/01.md index 41db717e53..e9a434e695 100644 --- a/jdg/04/01.md +++ b/jdg/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md). # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considered to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/02.md b/jdg/04/02.md index 9998cbaf51..de7e685613 100644 --- a/jdg/04/02.md +++ b/jdg/04/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hazor ... Harosheth Haggoyim These are the names of cities or places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/03.md b/jdg/04/03.md index 974c160424..ccd2d47627 100644 --- a/jdg/04/03.md +++ b/jdg/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # twenty years "20 years" - diff --git a/jdg/04/04.md b/jdg/04/04.md index e64b0a8908..1d172e9a1f 100644 --- a/jdg/04/04.md +++ b/jdg/04/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # judge God appointed judges to lead the Israelites in times of trouble. Often the judges rescued them from their enemies. - diff --git a/jdg/04/05.md b/jdg/04/05.md index ef85e66826..88b6326f97 100644 --- a/jdg/04/05.md +++ b/jdg/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # palm of Deborah This tree was named after Deborah. - diff --git a/jdg/04/06.md b/jdg/04/06.md index 76912860bc..7a6a20005b 100644 --- a/jdg/04/06.md +++ b/jdg/04/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # ten thousand men "10,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/07.md b/jdg/04/07.md index 9f9288aff1..e4c195d21c 100644 --- a/jdg/04/07.md +++ b/jdg/04/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). # Kishon This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/08.md b/jdg/04/08.md index b4bdaa61af..24ca4e0ac1 100644 --- a/jdg/04/08.md +++ b/jdg/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Barak has a discussion with Deborah. # Barak See how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). - diff --git a/jdg/04/09.md b/jdg/04/09.md index 4e37c20408..01e7de1709 100644 --- a/jdg/04/09.md +++ b/jdg/04/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). # Deborah See how you translated this woman's name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md). - diff --git a/jdg/04/10.md b/jdg/04/10.md index 43b701a9ee..d734e890b1 100644 --- a/jdg/04/10.md +++ b/jdg/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ten thousand men "10,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/11.md b/jdg/04/11.md index 7c0956174e..bb7a23d798 100644 --- a/jdg/04/11.md +++ b/jdg/04/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md) # Zaanannim This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/12.md b/jdg/04/12.md index c85775f7be..1bac26405c 100644 --- a/jdg/04/12.md +++ b/jdg/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). # Barak ... Abinoam ... Mount Tabor See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). - diff --git a/jdg/04/13.md b/jdg/04/13.md index f534234ca5..ca6fac3e1a 100644 --- a/jdg/04/13.md +++ b/jdg/04/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated the name of this city in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). # Kishon River See how you translated this in [Judges 4:7](../04/07.md). - diff --git a/jdg/04/14.md b/jdg/04/14.md index 3e4418d49b..60854b22f7 100644 --- a/jdg/04/14.md +++ b/jdg/04/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Deborah asks this question to remind Barak that they fight on the side of Yahweh # with ten thousand "with 10,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/15.md b/jdg/04/15.md index 2c8455c446..dc7d67ad09 100644 --- a/jdg/04/15.md +++ b/jdg/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all his chariots Here the word "chariots" is a metonym for the soldiers driving the chariots. Alternate translation: "all the men driving chariots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/16.md b/jdg/04/16.md index 0603fc7f55..f7a92730ad 100644 --- a/jdg/04/16.md +++ b/jdg/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate this the same way you did in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). # the whole army of Sisera was killed by the edge of the sword Here "sword" represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Barak and his soldiers killed Sisera's whole army with their swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/17.md b/jdg/04/17.md index 958163fc38..f0ada09704 100644 --- a/jdg/04/17.md +++ b/jdg/04/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:11](../04/11.md). # Kenite See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md). - diff --git a/jdg/04/18.md b/jdg/04/18.md index 2269d047e5..4b2e99f762 100644 --- a/jdg/04/18.md +++ b/jdg/04/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to change course during a journey in order to rest. Alternate transla # blanket a large covering for the body to sleep under for warmth, made of wool or animal skins - diff --git a/jdg/04/19.md b/jdg/04/19.md index 69006ed751..3bdf332bd5 100644 --- a/jdg/04/19.md +++ b/jdg/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He said to her "Sisera said to Jael" - diff --git a/jdg/04/20.md b/jdg/04/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/04/20.md +++ b/jdg/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/04/21.md b/jdg/04/21.md index c06d8300f6..6dec2c48e2 100644 --- a/jdg/04/21.md +++ b/jdg/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground # a deep sleep Like a person in a deep hole cannot easily climb out, a person in a deep sleep cannot easily wake up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/22.md b/jdg/04/22.md index 8651d8f65f..7f99255560 100644 --- a/jdg/04/22.md +++ b/jdg/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Barak was pursuing "Barak was chasing" or "Barak was following after" - diff --git a/jdg/04/23.md b/jdg/04/23.md index cacfad5712..50f8fd92bf 100644 --- a/jdg/04/23.md +++ b/jdg/04/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God subdued Jabin, the king of Canaan, before the people of Israel God causing the Israelites to defeat Jabin and his army is spoken of as is God himself defeated Jabin as the people of Israel watched. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/24.md b/jdg/04/24.md index 426a6796cb..83fd7fa6a0 100644 --- a/jdg/04/24.md +++ b/jdg/04/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they destroyed him Here "him" refers to Jabin who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "they destroyed Jabin and his army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/04/intro.md b/jdg/04/intro.md index 9b83c4ea3c..af6ecc0bfe 100644 --- a/jdg/04/intro.md +++ b/jdg/04/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Judges 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + Chapters 4 and 5 form one section about Barak and Deborah. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Barak's leadership +### Barak's leadership At this time, it was very unusual for a woman to be a leader, especially a military leader. Barak lacked the strength to go into battle without Deborah. This indicates that Barak was a poor leader. If a woman won the battle for him, it would have brought Barak shame. It also indicates that Deborah was very well respected. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ At this time, it was very unusual for a woman to be a leader, especially a milit * __[Judges 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/05/01.md b/jdg/05/01.md index 8914753d03..795e654f03 100644 --- a/jdg/05/01.md +++ b/jdg/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md). # Barak ... Abinoam See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). - diff --git a/jdg/05/02.md b/jdg/05/02.md index a6145b6fdb..32362e3c76 100644 --- a/jdg/05/02.md +++ b/jdg/05/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "people" here probably refers to the men old enough to fight, and the w # praise Yahweh This command is to the people of Israel and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/03.md b/jdg/05/03.md index 94e32f0f3e..bf3dd8de63 100644 --- a/jdg/05/03.md +++ b/jdg/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Deborah and Barak speak to the kings and rulers as if they were there listening # you kings ... you rulers This refers to kings and rulers in general, not to specific kings or rulers. - diff --git a/jdg/05/04.md b/jdg/05/04.md index 0a28e73230..d5042154b0 100644 --- a/jdg/05/04.md +++ b/jdg/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Seir is a mountain on the border of the land of Israel and Edom. (See: [[rc://en # the earth shook, and the skies also trembled; also the clouds poured down water Possible meanings are 1) this is poetic language that emphasizes Yahweh's power by describing it as causing earthquakes and storms or 2) the people of Canaan being terrified as the Israelites were about to attack them is spoken of as if the earth and sky were shaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/05.md b/jdg/05/05.md index 5d021054a8..c116600ac6 100644 --- a/jdg/05/05.md +++ b/jdg/05/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "face" refers Yahweh's presence. Alternate translation: "in the presence of # even Mount Sinai quaked When Moses and Israel were at Mount Sinai, it quaked. Alternate translation: "long ago, even Mount Sinai quaked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/06.md b/jdg/05/06.md index 85026981f0..ee019600d3 100644 --- a/jdg/05/06.md +++ b/jdg/05/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form and you can make explicit why the roads were a # the winding paths This refers to smaller roads that fewer people traveled on. - diff --git a/jdg/05/07.md b/jdg/05/07.md index 4f387d4494..2ae516886d 100644 --- a/jdg/05/07.md +++ b/jdg/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I, Deborah, arose—arose as a mother in Israel Deborah speaks of becoming a leader in Israel as if she were a mother taking care of young children. Alternate translation: "I, Deborah, began to lead—I took care of the Israelites as a mother takes care of her children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/08.md b/jdg/05/08.md index 0c43f8d9ad..c493a46aaf 100644 --- a/jdg/05/08.md +++ b/jdg/05/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This statement is probably an exaggeration about how few weapons the Israelites # forty thousand in Israel "40,000 in Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/09.md b/jdg/05/09.md index 62c4a45bd6..2e2682e9c4 100644 --- a/jdg/05/09.md +++ b/jdg/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My heart goes out to the commanders of Israel The word "heart" represents a person's emotions. The phrase "My heart goes out to" is a way of saying that Deborah feels gratitude or appreciation. Alternate translation: "I appreciate the commanders of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/10.md b/jdg/05/10.md index 32b20036c9..1534d1d60d 100644 --- a/jdg/05/10.md +++ b/jdg/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This contrast probably refers to rich people and poor people. Alternate translat # sitting on rugs for saddles These rugs were probably used as saddles on the donkey's back to make the rider more comfortable. - diff --git a/jdg/05/11.md b/jdg/05/11.md index 5b4428dfcb..047a8afbfc 100644 --- a/jdg/05/11.md +++ b/jdg/05/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "voices" represents the people singing. Alternate translation: "Listen to t # went down to the city gates Here "gates" represents the whole city. Alternate translation: "returned to their cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/12.md b/jdg/05/12.md index 92ed09b10b..f99410ee20 100644 --- a/jdg/05/12.md +++ b/jdg/05/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md). # Barak ... Abinoam See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). - diff --git a/jdg/05/13.md b/jdg/05/13.md index 9c0b27f1b8..0984211d3f 100644 --- a/jdg/05/13.md +++ b/jdg/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to me with the warriors The word "me" refers to Deborah. - diff --git a/jdg/05/14.md b/jdg/05/14.md index 9f9f378fe7..12fd34c499 100644 --- a/jdg/05/14.md +++ b/jdg/05/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the place where the descendants of Makir live. Makir was the son of Mana # from Zebulun those who carry an officer's staff Military leaders are described by the staff, a symbol of their authority. Alternate translation: "military leaders from Zebulun" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/15.md b/jdg/05/15.md index 77855855ee..68f5408b2b 100644 --- a/jdg/05/15.md +++ b/jdg/05/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). # there were great searchings of heart Here "heart" represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. Alternate translation: "there was a lot of discussing about what they should do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/16.md b/jdg/05/16.md index 9639114404..1f24cbb275 100644 --- a/jdg/05/16.md +++ b/jdg/05/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some versions of the Bible have the translation "the sheepfolds" or "the sheep p # there were great searchings of heart Here "heart" represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. See how you translated this in [Judges 5:15](../05/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/17.md b/jdg/05/17.md index 4380dac57f..e9ed453a7b 100644 --- a/jdg/05/17.md +++ b/jdg/05/17.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here "Asher" represents the men who should have gone to fight in battle. Alterna # harbors places at the seacoast with deeper water where ships were kept - diff --git a/jdg/05/18.md b/jdg/05/18.md index 209c27911d..22a1f4b388 100644 --- a/jdg/05/18.md +++ b/jdg/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Naphtali, also You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "Naphtali was a tribe who would also risk their lives to the point of death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/19.md b/jdg/05/19.md index 3713097f22..7fa8fb2b43 100644 --- a/jdg/05/19.md +++ b/jdg/05/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "silver" represents any treasure in general. Alternate translation: "no sil # plunder things taken by force, usually in battle or by thieves - diff --git a/jdg/05/20.md b/jdg/05/20.md index d3320d4be7..dc74e8f81a 100644 --- a/jdg/05/20.md +++ b/jdg/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Sisera" represents himself and his whole army. Alternate translation: "Sis # Sisera See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). - diff --git a/jdg/05/21.md b/jdg/05/21.md index 1f6a73c15a..dfe9158922 100644 --- a/jdg/05/21.md +++ b/jdg/05/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). # March on my soul, be strong Here "soul" refers to the whole person. The word "my" refers to Deborah. Alternate translation: "I tell myself to march on and to be strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/22.md b/jdg/05/22.md index 4d47733ae8..49dfc87ad9 100644 --- a/jdg/05/22.md +++ b/jdg/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This describes the sound of many horses running away from the battle. Alternate # galloping runninb quickly - diff --git a/jdg/05/23.md b/jdg/05/23.md index f41b74bca7..31336bed7a 100644 --- a/jdg/05/23.md +++ b/jdg/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Meroz" represents the people who lived there. Alternate translation: "Curs # Meroz This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/24.md b/jdg/05/24.md index c7f640b9c2..3318a1706a 100644 --- a/jdg/05/24.md +++ b/jdg/05/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:11](../04/11.md). # Kenite Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md). - diff --git a/jdg/05/25.md b/jdg/05/25.md index 48eb31d755..b92bfdd8ab 100644 --- a/jdg/05/25.md +++ b/jdg/05/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "butter" refers to curdled milk. This was the best milk and a favorite drin # a dish fit for princes This phrase means the dish was of the best quality because princes were given the best things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/26.md b/jdg/05/26.md index cba32dbcdd..ced5a1f677 100644 --- a/jdg/05/26.md +++ b/jdg/05/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground. See ho # Sisera See how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). - diff --git a/jdg/05/27.md b/jdg/05/27.md index d1ee0b1470..42ee66be2e 100644 --- a/jdg/05/27.md +++ b/jdg/05/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ without strength or movement # he was violently killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "she killed him" or "he died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/28.md b/jdg/05/28.md index b07a6d56d4..aef7273957 100644 --- a/jdg/05/28.md +++ b/jdg/05/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these questions mean the same thing. These two statements can be combine # taken his chariot ... Why have the hoofbeats of the horses that pull his chariots Both of these represent Sisera. Alternate translation: "taken Sisera ... Why has he" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/29.md b/jdg/05/29.md index d6aba1aa26..6049d8df63 100644 --- a/jdg/05/29.md +++ b/jdg/05/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A "princess" is the daughter of a king, but a "princess" can also mean female ad # she gave herself the same answer "she said to herself the same thing" - diff --git a/jdg/05/30.md b/jdg/05/30.md index 8d7621694c..36888e758b 100644 --- a/jdg/05/30.md +++ b/jdg/05/30.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ having designs made of colored threads # for the necks of those who plunder Here "necks" represents Sisera's soldiers. Alternate translation: "for the soldiers who plunder to wear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/31.md b/jdg/05/31.md index c397cd01b3..7bb91bec8a 100644 --- a/jdg/05/31.md +++ b/jdg/05/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the land" represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "and the # for forty years "for 40 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/05/intro.md b/jdg/05/intro.md index c0059c0e10..8dae1e904b 100644 --- a/jdg/05/intro.md +++ b/jdg/05/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Judges 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The account of Deborah and Barak continues in this chapter. Some translations prefer to set apart quotations, prayers, and songs. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of Chapter 5, which is a song, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### The flood +### The flood -God caused rain and flooding to bog down Jaban's chariots making +God caused rain and flooding to bog down Jaban's chariots making them vulnerable to soldiers on foot, even though it is not said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +18,3 @@ them vulnerable to soldiers on foot, even though it is not said. (See: [[rc://en * __[Judges 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/06/01.md b/jdg/06/01.md index b87aff5c13..5082600688 100644 --- a/jdg/06/01.md +++ b/jdg/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you tran # the hand of Midian Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Also, "hand" represents control. Alternate translation: "the control of the people of Midian" or "the control of the Midianites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/02.md b/jdg/06/02.md index 8426daa980..75d1a93ced 100644 --- a/jdg/06/02.md +++ b/jdg/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the power of Midian" refers to the people of Midian. Alternate translation # dens places in the rocky cliffs that would provide shelter - diff --git a/jdg/06/03.md b/jdg/06/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/06/03.md +++ b/jdg/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/06/04.md b/jdg/06/04.md index 3694aca987..9d9ae81b6b 100644 --- a/jdg/06/04.md +++ b/jdg/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They would set up their camp "The army would set up their tents" - diff --git a/jdg/06/05.md b/jdg/06/05.md index 9ff98b455b..5e5542e81d 100644 --- a/jdg/06/05.md +++ b/jdg/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Midianites are compared to a swarm of locusts because they came in with a gr # it was impossible to count This is an exaggeration, a hyperbole, showing the number is very great. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/06.md b/jdg/06/06.md index 06a720ab3c..8a5b1d0212 100644 --- a/jdg/06/06.md +++ b/jdg/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-m # called out to Yahweh This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "prayed to Yahweh for help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/07.md b/jdg/06/07.md index e2ab8c4c19..35d843eb81 100644 --- a/jdg/06/07.md +++ b/jdg/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "prayed to Yahweh for help" (See: [[rc: # because of Midian Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: "because of the Midianites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/08.md b/jdg/06/08.md index 15c8d3cdc1..b9dace9d44 100644 --- a/jdg/06/08.md +++ b/jdg/06/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the house of slavery Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. Alternate translation: "the place where you were slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/09.md b/jdg/06/09.md index 1808cf161d..2ee1c9ecc7 100644 --- a/jdg/06/09.md +++ b/jdg/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the hand In this phrase "hand" represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/10.md b/jdg/06/10.md index 9667316105..10e3b12a1e 100644 --- a/jdg/06/10.md +++ b/jdg/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # obeyed my voice Here "my voice" represents what Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: "obeyed my command" or "obeyed me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/11.md b/jdg/06/11.md index a686785625..b7298ca31a 100644 --- a/jdg/06/11.md +++ b/jdg/06/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a people group named after their ancestor Abiezer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # was threshing wheat in the winepress Gideon was beating the wheat against the floor to separate the wheat grain from the rest of the wheat plant. - diff --git a/jdg/06/12.md b/jdg/06/12.md index ea6dd0b205..9b23e524a2 100644 --- a/jdg/06/12.md +++ b/jdg/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # appeared to him "went to him" - diff --git a/jdg/06/13.md b/jdg/06/13.md index afa0abbc6b..dc688d1057 100644 --- a/jdg/06/13.md +++ b/jdg/06/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonym # of Midian Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: "of the Midianites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/14.md b/jdg/06/14.md index 708b61a4b6..ddf6f8adf0 100644 --- a/jdg/06/14.md +++ b/jdg/06/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: "of the Mi # Have I not sent you? Yahweh uses a question to ensure Gideon that he is sending him. Here "sent" means Yahweh has appointed Gideon with a specific task. Alternate translation: "I, Yahweh, am sending you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/15.md b/jdg/06/15.md index 0e6f37d28d..514a17b471 100644 --- a/jdg/06/15.md +++ b/jdg/06/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Gideon uses a question to emphasize that he does not think he can rescue the Isr # in my father's house Here "house" represents a family. Alternate translation: "in my father's family" or "in my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/16.md b/jdg/06/16.md index 399ee66a23..30105308aa 100644 --- a/jdg/06/16.md +++ b/jdg/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "be with you" is an idiom that means Yahweh will help and bless Gideon. (Se # as one man You can state the full meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: "as easily as if you were fighting only one man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/17.md b/jdg/06/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/06/17.md +++ b/jdg/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/06/18.md b/jdg/06/18.md index c71f27c156..9382cd9cf4 100644 --- a/jdg/06/18.md +++ b/jdg/06/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # set it before you "place it in front of you" - diff --git a/jdg/06/19.md b/jdg/06/19.md index f98092ef26..9091320666 100644 --- a/jdg/06/19.md +++ b/jdg/06/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ water that has had food, such as meat, cooked in it # them to him "them to the angel of God" - diff --git a/jdg/06/20.md b/jdg/06/20.md index 264572e8b2..f404c7a034 100644 --- a/jdg/06/20.md +++ b/jdg/06/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # angel of God This is the same as the angel of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "God, who was in the form of an angel" or "God" - diff --git a/jdg/06/21.md b/jdg/06/21.md index 0c70c24d0b..ed4338898a 100644 --- a/jdg/06/21.md +++ b/jdg/06/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In 6:11-24 Yahweh appears to Gideon in the form of an angel. See how you transla # went away "disappeared" - diff --git a/jdg/06/22.md b/jdg/06/22.md index eb5b60d866..5b866afc5c 100644 --- a/jdg/06/22.md +++ b/jdg/06/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "Ah" here shows that Gideon was very frightened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # seen the angel of Yahweh face to face This phrase refers to two people being close to each other. Alternate translation: "really seen the angel of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/23.md b/jdg/06/23.md index 5000c7b53b..a840f79457 100644 --- a/jdg/06/23.md +++ b/jdg/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh said to him Apparently Yahweh spoke to Gideon from heaven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/24.md b/jdg/06/24.md index 982e5773d6..846471cdf3 100644 --- a/jdg/06/24.md +++ b/jdg/06/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this town as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). # the clan of Abiezer Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). - diff --git a/jdg/06/25.md b/jdg/06/25.md index aa0c1adc67..817d925807 100644 --- a/jdg/06/25.md +++ b/jdg/06/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "second" is the ordinal number for "two." Alternate translation: "anoth # that is beside it "that is beside the altar of Baal" - diff --git a/jdg/06/26.md b/jdg/06/26.md index acce95646d..af4fbf1018 100644 --- a/jdg/06/26.md +++ b/jdg/06/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The city of Ophrah was on top of a hill. Israelites fled there for refuge from t # construct it the correct way "place the stones in an orderly manner" or "and build it properly" - diff --git a/jdg/06/27.md b/jdg/06/27.md index 00d5698ebd..0b6f8aedd7 100644 --- a/jdg/06/27.md +++ b/jdg/06/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # did as Yahweh had told him This refers to Yahweh's command in [Judges 6:25-26](./25.md). - diff --git a/jdg/06/28.md b/jdg/06/28.md index 06c6aa49b8..a8e680344b 100644 --- a/jdg/06/28.md +++ b/jdg/06/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the altar of Baal was broken down, and the Asherah that was beside it was cut down, and the second bull had been offered on the altar that had been built This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they noticed that someone had broken down the altar of Baal, cut down the Asherah that was beside it, and built an altar and sacrificed the second bull on it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/29.md b/jdg/06/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/06/29.md +++ b/jdg/06/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/06/30.md b/jdg/06/30.md index d93cf8bfe3..1d7ec45591 100644 --- a/jdg/06/30.md +++ b/jdg/06/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he may be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we may kill him as punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/31.md b/jdg/06/31.md index 97b2e4b41a..0f5911d996 100644 --- a/jdg/06/31.md +++ b/jdg/06/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joash uses a question to emphasize that a human should not have to defend a god. # Will you save him? Joash uses a question to emphasize that a human should not have to rescue a god. Alternate translation: "You should not have to save Baal." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/32.md b/jdg/06/32.md index 2f9e42f0cf..1ec52ecb70 100644 --- a/jdg/06/32.md +++ b/jdg/06/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is another name for Gideon. It means "let Baal defend himself." (See: [[rc: # because he said "because Joash said" - diff --git a/jdg/06/33.md b/jdg/06/33.md index 1119f8a28f..14b511b06c 100644 --- a/jdg/06/33.md +++ b/jdg/06/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the story. Here the narrator starts to # gathered together The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "gathered together as an army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/34.md b/jdg/06/34.md index 002911c89b..53c504b002 100644 --- a/jdg/06/34.md +++ b/jdg/06/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md) # so they might follow him The words "to battle" are understood. Alternate translation: "so they might follow him to battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/35.md b/jdg/06/35.md index 81245a11d4..885f50c4de 100644 --- a/jdg/06/35.md +++ b/jdg/06/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "calling them out to f # to Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali These all represent the people of each tribe. Alternate translation: "to the tribes of Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/36.md b/jdg/06/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/06/36.md +++ b/jdg/06/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/06/37.md b/jdg/06/37.md index 30b30d7492..d3e0243e3e 100644 --- a/jdg/06/37.md +++ b/jdg/06/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ water that forms on plants during the night # then I will know that you will The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "this will be a sign from you, and then I will know that you will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/06/38.md b/jdg/06/38.md index 8d7ab0b786..9d8d31ecb9 100644 --- a/jdg/06/38.md +++ b/jdg/06/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # wrung twist and squeeze something to remove water - diff --git a/jdg/06/39.md b/jdg/06/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/06/39.md +++ b/jdg/06/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/06/40.md b/jdg/06/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/06/40.md +++ b/jdg/06/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/06/intro.md b/jdg/06/intro.md index 42ea1bf586..0411a7efdb 100644 --- a/jdg/06/intro.md +++ b/jdg/06/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Judges 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins a section about Gideon. (Chapters 6-8) -#### Special concepts in this chapter +### Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel's punishment -#### Israel's punishment In Judges, Israel's actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ In Judges, Israel's actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Isr * __[Judges 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/07/01.md b/jdg/07/01.md index 4f29afcefe..e936322087 100644 --- a/jdg/07/01.md +++ b/jdg/07/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # The camp of Midian was to their north Here "Midian" represents the Midianite army. Alternate translation: "The Midianite army set up their camp to the north of the Israelite army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/02.md b/jdg/07/02.md index 874053b9a7..0effc8ef4e 100644 --- a/jdg/07/02.md +++ b/jdg/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "victory" is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an ad # Our own power has saved us Here "power" represents the people themselves. Alternate translation: "We have saved ourselves without God's help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/03.md b/jdg/07/03.md index 83d8fb4e14..62ac395432 100644 --- a/jdg/07/03.md +++ b/jdg/07/03.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ The word "people" or "men" is understood. Alternate translation: "10,000 people # ten thousand "10,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/04.md b/jdg/07/04.md index deb8250fc3..290bbb8709 100644 --- a/jdg/07/04.md +++ b/jdg/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will make their number smaller for you there Here "number" represents the army. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "there, I will show you who to send home so the army will have less men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/05.md b/jdg/07/05.md index af1dfbe4de..6221f5ab8b 100644 --- a/jdg/07/05.md +++ b/jdg/07/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "brought" can be translated as "took" or "led." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # laps to drink by licking with the tongue - diff --git a/jdg/07/06.md b/jdg/07/06.md index 5b5a858ae9..217e5ca38d 100644 --- a/jdg/07/06.md +++ b/jdg/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Three hundred men "300 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/07.md b/jdg/07/07.md index 3e5f7c6700..821477f7f9 100644 --- a/jdg/07/07.md +++ b/jdg/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will rescue you and give you victory Here "you" is plural and refers to Gideon and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/08.md b/jdg/07/08.md index 9c39a2cec5..4e376b2eee 100644 --- a/jdg/07/08.md +++ b/jdg/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "their" refers to the Israelite soldiers who were leaving the army. # Now This word is used here to mark a stop in the story. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story. - diff --git a/jdg/07/09.md b/jdg/07/09.md index a284b33f23..a0b8cf7aeb 100644 --- a/jdg/07/09.md +++ b/jdg/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Attack the camp, for I am going to give you victory over it Here "camp" refers to the whole Midianite army. The word "victory" is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate translation: "Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to help you defeat them" or "Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to cause you to be victorious over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/10.md b/jdg/07/10.md index b89fba5ff4..d16d9729d9 100644 --- a/jdg/07/10.md +++ b/jdg/07/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "afraid to # Purah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/11.md b/jdg/07/11.md index e5892553ec..5ab99d2def 100644 --- a/jdg/07/11.md +++ b/jdg/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what you hear will be # guard posts places around the edge of an area where soldiers stand to watch for an enemy army - diff --git a/jdg/07/12.md b/jdg/07/12.md index 367fa8da3f..b81f77c5ae 100644 --- a/jdg/07/12.md +++ b/jdg/07/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize that there were very # Their camels were more than could be counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Their camels were more than anyone could count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/13.md b/jdg/07/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/07/13.md +++ b/jdg/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/07/14.md b/jdg/07/14.md index 3d404c9172..2436c81edd 100644 --- a/jdg/07/14.md +++ b/jdg/07/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the sword of Gideon" refers to Gideon's army attacking. Alternate translat # God has given him victory over Midian This future event is spoken of as if it were a past event. This emphasizes that it will certainly happen. Alternate translation: "God will certainly help the Israelites defeat the Midianites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/15.md b/jdg/07/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/07/15.md +++ b/jdg/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/07/16.md b/jdg/07/16.md index 79fdae0165..305523e6b1 100644 --- a/jdg/07/16.md +++ b/jdg/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # three hundred men "300 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/17.md b/jdg/07/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/07/17.md +++ b/jdg/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/07/18.md b/jdg/07/18.md index 8514b73f4c..93b4ff9f29 100644 --- a/jdg/07/18.md +++ b/jdg/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For Yahweh and for Gideon! The words "we fight" are implied. Alternate translation: "We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/19.md b/jdg/07/19.md index 00332e1f3a..7dade35a58 100644 --- a/jdg/07/19.md +++ b/jdg/07/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # right at the beginning of the middle watch The beginning of the middle watch would be around 10 o'clock at night. - diff --git a/jdg/07/20.md b/jdg/07/20.md index af1abf1882..2cf28f433f 100644 --- a/jdg/07/20.md +++ b/jdg/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The sword of Yahweh and of Gideon Here "sword" refers to their fighting. Alternate translation: "We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/21.md b/jdg/07/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/07/21.md +++ b/jdg/07/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/07/22.md b/jdg/07/22.md index 6866d71879..d5059f890b 100644 --- a/jdg/07/22.md +++ b/jdg/07/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "sword" refers to their attack with the use of the sword. Alternate transla # Beth Shittah ... Zererah ... Abel Meholah ... Tabbath These are the names of towns and cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/23.md b/jdg/07/23.md index bbea1264f7..0c328de2e6 100644 --- a/jdg/07/23.md +++ b/jdg/07/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The men of Israel from Naphtali, Asher, and all Manasseh were called out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Gideon called out the Israelites from the tribes of Naphtali, Asher, and all Mannasseh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/24.md b/jdg/07/24.md index 6d9253af1d..0f8be14fe0 100644 --- a/jdg/07/24.md +++ b/jdg/07/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # took control of the waters, as far as Beth Barah and the Jordan River "took control of the area of the Jordan River as far south as Beth Barah" - diff --git a/jdg/07/25.md b/jdg/07/25.md index 150f3de90f..db8d01db14 100644 --- a/jdg/07/25.md +++ b/jdg/07/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The places were given these names after the Israelites killed Oreb and Zeeb ther # Oreb ... Zeeb These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/07/intro.md b/jdg/07/intro.md index ce69cc62af..9210dc3ef6 100644 --- a/jdg/07/intro.md +++ b/jdg/07/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Judges 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The account of Gideon continues in this chapter. +The account of Gideon continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### God gets all of the credit +### God gets all of the credit God said, "There are too many soldiers for me to give you victory over the Midianites. Make sure that Israel will not boast against me, saying, 'Our own power has saved us.'" By lowering the number of fighting soldiers, it emphasizes that the victory is achieved through God's power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ God said, "There are too many soldiers for me to give you victory over the Midia * __[Judges 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/08/01.md b/jdg/08/01.md index 2c2e1cab0f..85b1584e24 100644 --- a/jdg/08/01.md +++ b/jdg/08/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Midian" represents the Midianite army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-met # they had a violent argument with him they argued angrily with him" or "they rebuked him severely" - diff --git a/jdg/08/02.md b/jdg/08/02.md index a9fda72131..8fbee1ae9e 100644 --- a/jdg/08/02.md +++ b/jdg/08/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Gideon and his army defeating the Medianites is spoken of as if it were a grape # Abiezer This is the name of one of Gideon's ancestors. Gideon used his name to refer to Abiezer's descendants and their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/03.md b/jdg/08/03.md index 71e54ef1b4..6166b9f106 100644 --- a/jdg/08/03.md +++ b/jdg/08/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Gideon uses this question to honor the people of Ephraim. This can be expressed # died down "became less" - diff --git a/jdg/08/04.md b/jdg/08/04.md index 78b01b256d..e5aa47e744 100644 --- a/jdg/08/04.md +++ b/jdg/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # kept up the pursuit The word "pursuit," an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "continued to chase their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/05.md b/jdg/08/05.md index 7cbeb7766c..71648d5e09 100644 --- a/jdg/08/05.md +++ b/jdg/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zebah and Zalmunna These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/06.md b/jdg/08/06.md index a8244a294d..960dea2ac0 100644 --- a/jdg/08/06.md +++ b/jdg/08/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonym # Why should we give bread to your army? The leaders use a question to emphasize that they have no reason to give bread to the Israelites. Alternate translation: "We see no reason to give bread to your army." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/07.md b/jdg/08/07.md index bdd51b6f2b..daa0abfc72 100644 --- a/jdg/08/07.md +++ b/jdg/08/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # thorns and briers sharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals - diff --git a/jdg/08/08.md b/jdg/08/08.md index 46f433e760..ed2630d72f 100644 --- a/jdg/08/08.md +++ b/jdg/08/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # spoke to the people there in the same way You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "asked for food there in the same way" or "he also asked them for food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/09.md b/jdg/08/09.md index 59f4790edd..c3d3eef1ea 100644 --- a/jdg/08/09.md +++ b/jdg/08/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of referring to the defeat of his enemies. Alternate transl # I will break down this tower Here "I" refers to Gideon and represents himself and his men. Alternate translation: "My men and I will break down this tower" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/10.md b/jdg/08/10.md index c4aec51d20..c8dc7aa109 100644 --- a/jdg/08/10.md +++ b/jdg/08/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is a polite way of referring to people who died in battle. Alternate transl # men who drew the sword Here drawing the sword represents using the sword in battle. Possible meanings are 1) this phrase refers to soldiers who use swords in battle. Alternate translation: "swordsmen" or "men who fought with swords" or 2) this phrase refers to any soldiers. Alternate translation: "soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/11.md b/jdg/08/11.md index 0a6742e197..9591c246e6 100644 --- a/jdg/08/11.md +++ b/jdg/08/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "He" refers to Gideon and represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alter # Nobah and Jogbehah These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/12.md b/jdg/08/12.md index 8a67123b9d..756d1af301 100644 --- a/jdg/08/12.md +++ b/jdg/08/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md). # panic extreme fear or worry that makes someone unable to think or act normally - diff --git a/jdg/08/13.md b/jdg/08/13.md index e3956bef76..921c2cc137 100644 --- a/jdg/08/13.md +++ b/jdg/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the pass of Heres This is the name of a road that passes between two mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/14.md b/jdg/08/14.md index d06eebdef9..33f718f5b8 100644 --- a/jdg/08/14.md +++ b/jdg/08/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be stated explicitly what Gideon asked the young man. Alternate translati # seventy-seven officials "77 officials" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/15.md b/jdg/08/15.md index 0d1a51df25..20e660843d 100644 --- a/jdg/08/15.md +++ b/jdg/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md). # Have you already conquered Zebah and Zalmunna? Gideon quotes the people of Sukkoth as using a question to mock him. Alternate translation: "You have not yet conquered Zebah and Zalmunna." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/16.md b/jdg/08/16.md index bd4b31841b..dedbecde1b 100644 --- a/jdg/08/16.md +++ b/jdg/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Gideon" represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: "Gideo # thorns and briers These are sharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals. See how you translated this in [Judges 8:7](../08/07.md). - diff --git a/jdg/08/17.md b/jdg/08/17.md index 944a813bad..e92abeec24 100644 --- a/jdg/08/17.md +++ b/jdg/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Gideon and his soldiers broke. Alternate translation: "Gideon and his soldiers b # Peniel Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 8:8](../08/08.md). - diff --git a/jdg/08/18.md b/jdg/08/18.md index 732998371e..e7890d70cc 100644 --- a/jdg/08/18.md +++ b/jdg/08/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). # As you are, so were they "They were just like you" - diff --git a/jdg/08/19.md b/jdg/08/19.md index c529304801..6a0b292ebd 100644 --- a/jdg/08/19.md +++ b/jdg/08/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As Yahweh lives This idiom is a religious oath used for emphasis that what he is about to say is true. Alternate translation: "I promise you that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/20.md b/jdg/08/20.md index 4ef20b89dd..ecd619165a 100644 --- a/jdg/08/20.md +++ b/jdg/08/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jether This is the name of Gideon's son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/21.md b/jdg/08/21.md index fbe1f05a0a..8d2d690fc3 100644 --- a/jdg/08/21.md +++ b/jdg/08/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a curved shape with two points. This shape occurs when the moon is mostl # ornaments decorations - diff --git a/jdg/08/22.md b/jdg/08/22.md index 754a5a690d..0be99b5a7c 100644 --- a/jdg/08/22.md +++ b/jdg/08/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents the power of Midian over Israel. Alternate translation: " # of Midian Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: "of the Midianites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/23.md b/jdg/08/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/08/23.md +++ b/jdg/08/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/08/24.md b/jdg/08/24.md index 05e8d75223..1d049f43af 100644 --- a/jdg/08/24.md +++ b/jdg/08/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ things stolen by force or taken off of people killed in war # The Midianites had golden earrings because they were Ishmaelites Here the narrator tells background information about the Midianites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/25.md b/jdg/08/25.md index 1114b99f5a..3a9db40ef1 100644 --- a/jdg/08/25.md +++ b/jdg/08/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cloak clothing made from a large piece of fabric and worn over the shoulders as a coat - diff --git a/jdg/08/26.md b/jdg/08/26.md index 54e22f1554..fd381b11db 100644 --- a/jdg/08/26.md +++ b/jdg/08/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ pieces of jewelry that hang at the end of the chains or cords of necklaces # that was worn by the kings of Midian This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the kings of Midian wore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/27.md b/jdg/08/27.md index 4c4fae1b23..e7dd3ea29e 100644 --- a/jdg/08/27.md +++ b/jdg/08/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of Gideon and his family being tempted to worship the ephod as if th # for those in his house Here "his house" represents Gideon's family. Alternate translation: "for his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/28.md b/jdg/08/28.md index f920e5363b..a92989c8d2 100644 --- a/jdg/08/28.md +++ b/jdg/08/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "land" represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "So the Isra # in the days of Gideon "during the life of Gideon" - diff --git a/jdg/08/29.md b/jdg/08/29.md index 4b6244f099..6f072123be 100644 --- a/jdg/08/29.md +++ b/jdg/08/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jerub-Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). - diff --git a/jdg/08/30.md b/jdg/08/30.md index ec1046759e..5a144f662a 100644 --- a/jdg/08/30.md +++ b/jdg/08/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seventy sons "70 sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/31.md b/jdg/08/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/08/31.md +++ b/jdg/08/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/08/32.md b/jdg/08/32.md index dbe8654822..d6a83b8f84 100644 --- a/jdg/08/32.md +++ b/jdg/08/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). # the clan of Abiezer Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). - diff --git a/jdg/08/33.md b/jdg/08/33.md index 0cf7a56eba..770321ea50 100644 --- a/jdg/08/33.md +++ b/jdg/08/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of worshiping false gods as if it were prostitution. Alternate trans # Baal-Berith This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/08/34.md b/jdg/08/34.md index 521b587682..a8df33c75d 100644 --- a/jdg/08/34.md +++ b/jdg/08/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "from the power # on every side "who surrounded them" - diff --git a/jdg/08/35.md b/jdg/08/35.md index fa47f0f98a..3040390ecc 100644 --- a/jdg/08/35.md +++ b/jdg/08/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the house of" represents a person's family. Alternate translation: "the fa # Jerub-Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). - diff --git a/jdg/08/intro.md b/jdg/08/intro.md index 3fa5f89933..cfe1217790 100644 --- a/jdg/08/intro.md +++ b/jdg/08/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,16 @@ # Judges 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The account of Gideon concludes in this chapter. +The account of Gideon concludes in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sukkoth's refusal to help Gideon -#### Sukkoth's refusal to help Gideon The men of Sukkoth feared the Midianites more than Gideon. This is why they refused to help Gideon. By allying themselves with the Midianites, they aligned themselves against Yahweh. Because of this, Gideon treated them like he treated the Midianites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Gideon refuses to be king +### Gideon refuses to be king Gideon said to them, "I will not rule over you, neither will my son rule over you. Yahweh will rule over you." Although the book of Deuteronomy anticipates a king in Israel, it was sinful for Israel to desire to have a king. He did though take a share of everyone's plunder as a king would have done through taxes. This may serve as a warning to Israel about their desire to have a king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ Gideon said to them, "I will not rule over you, neither will my son rule over yo * __[Judges 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/09/01.md b/jdg/09/01.md index dea259bd6b..773a1eb51c 100644 --- a/jdg/09/01.md +++ b/jdg/09/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jerub-Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). - diff --git a/jdg/09/02.md b/jdg/09/02.md index 0b46bd34b9..ff59262917 100644 --- a/jdg/09/02.md +++ b/jdg/09/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an # I am your bone and your flesh Here "your bone and your flesh" represents being someone's relative. Alternate translation: "I am a member of your family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/03.md b/jdg/09/03.md index c9fa93f20f..5a3073862e 100644 --- a/jdg/09/03.md +++ b/jdg/09/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the relatives of the mother of Abimelek spoke to the leaders, su # they agreed to follow Abimelek "they agreed to let Abimelek be their leader" - diff --git a/jdg/09/04.md b/jdg/09/04.md index 32e57eb725..1221421d72 100644 --- a/jdg/09/04.md +++ b/jdg/09/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a false god. See how you translated it in [Judges 8:33](../0 # worthless and reckless "violent and foolish" - diff --git a/jdg/09/05.md b/jdg/09/05.md index beffdd207d..1672ca528a 100644 --- a/jdg/09/05.md +++ b/jdg/09/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). # Jerub-Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). - diff --git a/jdg/09/06.md b/jdg/09/06.md index ad194f5c72..7d91d5752b 100644 --- a/jdg/09/06.md +++ b/jdg/09/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Millo This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/07.md b/jdg/09/07.md index c9bd92df9f..67438ce3ac 100644 --- a/jdg/09/07.md +++ b/jdg/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When Jotham heard tha # Mount Gerizim This is a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/08.md b/jdg/09/08.md index bd40eade1e..c168b99cb3 100644 --- a/jdg/09/08.md +++ b/jdg/09/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here, to anoint with oil is a symbolic action that represents appointing a perso # Reign over us "Be our king" - diff --git a/jdg/09/09.md b/jdg/09/09.md index 71e2ef65ff..af51628ff2 100644 --- a/jdg/09/09.md +++ b/jdg/09/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It is possible to translate the same Hebrew word as "god," "God," or "gods," so # sway over To sway is to move back and forth. Trees sway when the wind blows them. Here this is a metaphor for ruling over people. Jotham is also using irony, saying that the work of any ruler will be useless because the "trees," the people, will not obey anyone who rules them. Alternate translation: "rule over" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/10.md b/jdg/09/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/09/10.md +++ b/jdg/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/09/11.md b/jdg/09/11.md index 1f2becbd04..b8b52ef0c0 100644 --- a/jdg/09/11.md +++ b/jdg/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The fig tree is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be # my sweetness and my good fruit The word "sweetness" is an abstract noun. It can be stated as an adjective that describes the fruit that grows on the tree. Alternate translation: "my good sweet fruit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/12.md b/jdg/09/12.md index d6241e4921..3ffa72f641 100644 --- a/jdg/09/12.md +++ b/jdg/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jotham continues telling the parable he begins in [Judges 9:7](../09/07.md), whe # The trees said to the vine In this parable, Jotham describes the trees and the vine as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/13.md b/jdg/09/13.md index d2884b4a65..011113b700 100644 --- a/jdg/09/13.md +++ b/jdg/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should I give up my new wine ... over the other trees? The vine is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "I will not give up my new wine ... over the other trees." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/14.md b/jdg/09/14.md index ba686bcc4b..49656bf763 100644 --- a/jdg/09/14.md +++ b/jdg/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thornbush Thorns are sharp spikes or spurs that hurt. This bush has many sharp spikes along its branches. - diff --git a/jdg/09/15.md b/jdg/09/15.md index b9a600de69..095c2ce801 100644 --- a/jdg/09/15.md +++ b/jdg/09/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means to let the thornbush burn so that it will burn the cedars. # then let fire come out of the thornbush The thornbush refers to itself as "the thornbush." Alternate translation: "then may fire come out from me, the thornbush" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/16.md b/jdg/09/16.md index 31d86f9dd1..b240217f84 100644 --- a/jdg/09/16.md +++ b/jdg/09/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](.. # his house Here "house" represents Gideon's family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/17.md b/jdg/09/17.md index fc602df64e..75967d9d14 100644 --- a/jdg/09/17.md +++ b/jdg/09/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Jotham is expressing that he cannot believe how badly the people of Shechem # out of the hand of Midian Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "from the power of the Midianites" or "from the Midianites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/18.md b/jdg/09/18.md index ce64ff96a5..ee2d0110ff 100644 --- a/jdg/09/18.md +++ b/jdg/09/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "house" represents family. Alternate translation: "my father's family" (See # his female servant Here "his" refers to Gideon. - diff --git a/jdg/09/19.md b/jdg/09/19.md index a75a48a177..db05b6686f 100644 --- a/jdg/09/19.md +++ b/jdg/09/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is another name for Gideon. It means "let Baal defend himself." See how you # his house Here "house" refers to family. Alternate translation: "his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/20.md b/jdg/09/20.md index 89e474519d..7ff2b28a35 100644 --- a/jdg/09/20.md +++ b/jdg/09/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jotham is speaking a curse. He speaks of the people of Shechem and Beth Millo de # Beth Millo This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:6](../09/06.md). - diff --git a/jdg/09/21.md b/jdg/09/21.md index 5f471a0b9a..fea7f90bbf 100644 --- a/jdg/09/21.md +++ b/jdg/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beer This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/22.md b/jdg/09/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/09/22.md +++ b/jdg/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/09/23.md b/jdg/09/23.md index 985808aca1..9fdb62e499 100644 --- a/jdg/09/23.md +++ b/jdg/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God sent an evil spirit between Abimelek and the leaders of Shechem This means that God applied the curse Jotham made by sending an evil spirit to cause trouble and animosity between Abimelek and the leaders of Shechem. - diff --git a/jdg/09/24.md b/jdg/09/24.md index c1ccaed211..108bd3f6a2 100644 --- a/jdg/09/24.md +++ b/jdg/09/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The passive phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God di # Jerub-Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). - diff --git a/jdg/09/25.md b/jdg/09/25.md index 28fbb9c373..36890e44e6 100644 --- a/jdg/09/25.md +++ b/jdg/09/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # This was reported to Abimelek This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Abimelek about the men waiting to attack him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/26.md b/jdg/09/26.md index 923375a95a..3cce024670 100644 --- a/jdg/09/26.md +++ b/jdg/09/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # had confidence in him The word "confidence" is an abstract noun that can be stated with the verb "trust." Alternate translation: "trusted him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/27.md b/jdg/09/27.md index cc5a36c17a..0503d9e4af 100644 --- a/jdg/09/27.md +++ b/jdg/09/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They did this to squeeze out the grape juice to make wine with it. (See: [[rc:// # in the house Here "house" represents a temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/28.md b/jdg/09/28.md index beb38b7260..57a43d2b56 100644 --- a/jdg/09/28.md +++ b/jdg/09/28.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Gaal means the people of Shechem should serve those who descended from Hamor, th # Why should we serve Abimelek? Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelek. Alternate translation: "We should not serve Abimelek!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/29.md b/jdg/09/29.md index 3e1ef17fd3..d255481c23 100644 --- a/jdg/09/29.md +++ b/jdg/09/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I wish that this people were under my command "I wish that I ruled the people of Shechem" - diff --git a/jdg/09/30.md b/jdg/09/30.md index 909f72fac2..ebd1a34465 100644 --- a/jdg/09/30.md +++ b/jdg/09/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Becoming angry is spoken of as if a fire were starting. Alternate translation: " # the city Here "city" represents the people of the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/31.md b/jdg/09/31.md index 51fbfc138b..4109dfb89e 100644 --- a/jdg/09/31.md +++ b/jdg/09/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zebul is deceiving Gaal and the people of Shechem. Alternate translation: "secre # they are stirring up the city against you This speaks of the people of the city becoming upset as if they were liquid in a pot moving around. Alternate translation: "they are persuading the people of the city to rebel against you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/32.md b/jdg/09/32.md index 9338a5b501..7c7329e463 100644 --- a/jdg/09/32.md +++ b/jdg/09/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the import # an ambush "to hide and attack them suddenly" - diff --git a/jdg/09/33.md b/jdg/09/33.md index d4131ca553..2d0907eb4c 100644 --- a/jdg/09/33.md +++ b/jdg/09/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do whatever you can to them This means that they can do what they want to destroy the followers of Gaal. - diff --git a/jdg/09/34.md b/jdg/09/34.md index 3b7a74eb2f..64ab0f39cf 100644 --- a/jdg/09/34.md +++ b/jdg/09/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # dividing into four units "separating into 4 groups" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/35.md b/jdg/09/35.md index d61d6b5b32..2e36f4a545 100644 --- a/jdg/09/35.md +++ b/jdg/09/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gaal ... Ebed See how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md). - diff --git a/jdg/09/36.md b/jdg/09/36.md index b81ad517cb..830dde739b 100644 --- a/jdg/09/36.md +++ b/jdg/09/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:28](../09/28 # You are seeing the shadows on the hills like they are men Zebul is trying to confuse Gaal and keep him from preparing for battle. Alternate translation: "That is not people, it is only shadows on the hills" - diff --git a/jdg/09/37.md b/jdg/09/37.md index 7046769118..505a9a6e37 100644 --- a/jdg/09/37.md +++ b/jdg/09/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one unit "1 group" or "1 troop" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/38.md b/jdg/09/38.md index afae6c5252..17783b1aea 100644 --- a/jdg/09/38.md +++ b/jdg/09/38.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Zebul is challenging Gaal with this rhetorical question. This question can be tr # despised strongly disliked or hated - diff --git a/jdg/09/39.md b/jdg/09/39.md index a1d9eec704..03fdf03c24 100644 --- a/jdg/09/39.md +++ b/jdg/09/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gaal See how you translated this name in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md). - diff --git a/jdg/09/40.md b/jdg/09/40.md index 6db667fb0a..140891ea3a 100644 --- a/jdg/09/40.md +++ b/jdg/09/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Many fell with deadly wounds This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "And many men died of wounds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/41.md b/jdg/09/41.md index c56e37b546..1950e01082 100644 --- a/jdg/09/41.md +++ b/jdg/09/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:28](../09/28 # Gaal This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md). - diff --git a/jdg/09/42.md b/jdg/09/42.md index a93ea7b0b9..c3c3d2b2f2 100644 --- a/jdg/09/42.md +++ b/jdg/09/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this was reported to Abimelek This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone reported this to Abimelek" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/43.md b/jdg/09/43.md index 74706c1a33..793f37af0d 100644 --- a/jdg/09/43.md +++ b/jdg/09/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he attacked Here "he" refers to Abimelech who represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: "they attacked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/44.md b/jdg/09/44.md index f62118e9e4..5363f294d3 100644 --- a/jdg/09/44.md +++ b/jdg/09/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # other two "other 2" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/45.md b/jdg/09/45.md index b34f634dbd..73f767a0e4 100644 --- a/jdg/09/45.md +++ b/jdg/09/45.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "city" represents the people. Alternate translation: "against the people of # sowed it with salt Here salt is spoken of as if it were seeds. Spreading salt over land keeps anything from growing there. Alternate translation: "spread salt over the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/46.md b/jdg/09/46.md index c28e131557..b9dd10bdc5 100644 --- a/jdg/09/46.md +++ b/jdg/09/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here this represents a temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # El-Berith The word "El" means "god." This is the same false god as "Baal-Berith" in [Judges 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/47.md b/jdg/09/47.md index 0773e8774e..54274c5c9c 100644 --- a/jdg/09/47.md +++ b/jdg/09/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abimelek was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone told Abimelek" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/48.md b/jdg/09/48.md index 700a5bd862..b9f09da1f5 100644 --- a/jdg/09/48.md +++ b/jdg/09/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mount Zalmon This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/49.md b/jdg/09/49.md index e3ccaf93d8..eba01f0188 100644 --- a/jdg/09/49.md +++ b/jdg/09/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to stack the branches into a large heap. # about a thousand men "about 1,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/50.md b/jdg/09/50.md index 8a91753b40..38b0ce9a14 100644 --- a/jdg/09/50.md +++ b/jdg/09/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # encamped against Thebez "camped outside the city of Thebez" - diff --git a/jdg/09/51.md b/jdg/09/51.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/09/51.md +++ b/jdg/09/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/09/52.md b/jdg/09/52.md index 5b614b13e4..9c0a8b5d3c 100644 --- a/jdg/09/52.md +++ b/jdg/09/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fought against it "attacked it" - diff --git a/jdg/09/53.md b/jdg/09/53.md index b449fb5b55..9a4cd27ac2 100644 --- a/jdg/09/53.md +++ b/jdg/09/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # upper millstone Two large, flat, round stones were used to grind grain in a mill. An upper millstone was the top one that was rolled on the lower one to crush the grain in between them. - diff --git a/jdg/09/54.md b/jdg/09/54.md index d2a79da0bb..206935792e 100644 --- a/jdg/09/54.md +++ b/jdg/09/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the man who carried the weapons of Abimelech. # pierced him through This means the young man put the sword right through the body of Abimelech. - diff --git a/jdg/09/55.md b/jdg/09/55.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/09/55.md +++ b/jdg/09/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/09/56.md b/jdg/09/56.md index 369846db6f..d2b8050763 100644 --- a/jdg/09/56.md +++ b/jdg/09/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seventy "70" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/09/57.md b/jdg/09/57.md index 938ee928f2..91c2cc7931 100644 --- a/jdg/09/57.md +++ b/jdg/09/57.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "the curse of Jotham son of Jerub-Baal # Jerub-Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). - diff --git a/jdg/09/intro.md b/jdg/09/intro.md index 9788616219..89f2339131 100644 --- a/jdg/09/intro.md +++ b/jdg/09/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Judges 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Jotham's curse +### Jotham's curse Gideon's son, Abimelech, killed all of his brothers except Jotham in order to become king of Shechem. Jotham cursed Abimelech for having murdered Gideon's other sons. "Let fire come out from Abimelech and burn up the men of Shechem and the house of Millo. Let fire come out from the men of Shechem and Beth Millo, to burn up Abimelech." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Tree metaphor -#### Tree metaphor This chapter contains an extended metaphor about trees. This metaphor functions as a parable instructing Israel about their sinful desire to have a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter contains an extended metaphor about trees. This metaphor functions * __[Judges 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/10/01.md b/jdg/10/01.md index 467087e827..85247499c4 100644 --- a/jdg/10/01.md +++ b/jdg/10/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # deliver Israel Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/02.md b/jdg/10/02.md index fcbb23a039..e865243624 100644 --- a/jdg/10/02.md +++ b/jdg/10/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "judged" means he led the people of Israel. # was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they buried him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/03.md b/jdg/10/03.md index 91e8bf765b..7ed43deb93 100644 --- a/jdg/10/03.md +++ b/jdg/10/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-m # twenty-two years "22 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/04.md b/jdg/10/04.md index ac1b099607..ed7ba4f6d4 100644 --- a/jdg/10/04.md +++ b/jdg/10/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a region, which is named after a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # to this day This means to the time when the book of Judges was being written. - diff --git a/jdg/10/05.md b/jdg/10/05.md index 89bdfbc144..109f027524 100644 --- a/jdg/10/05.md +++ b/jdg/10/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they buried him" (See # Kamon This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/06.md b/jdg/10/06.md index b9f5188b39..c1c2bfedca 100644 --- a/jdg/10/06.md +++ b/jdg/10/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The author basically said the same thing twice for emphasis. These can be combin # They abandoned Yahweh No longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the people left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/07.md b/jdg/10/07.md index 3d2ce930fc..51295aa80f 100644 --- a/jdg/10/07.md +++ b/jdg/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh allowing the Philistines and the Ammonites to defeat the Israelites is sp # into the hand Here "hand" represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/08.md b/jdg/10/08.md index 0302710fa7..765ebf61e7 100644 --- a/jdg/10/08.md +++ b/jdg/10/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means on the east side of the Jordan River. # which is in Gilead "this region is also called Gilead" - diff --git a/jdg/10/09.md b/jdg/10/09.md index c86acf1d20..f6af235ef5 100644 --- a/jdg/10/09.md +++ b/jdg/10/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "house" refers to the people of the tribe of Ephraim. Alternate translation: # so that Israel was greatly distressed "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "so that the people of Israel suffered much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/10.md b/jdg/10/10.md index 1715f6e26b..bef2288c77 100644 --- a/jdg/10/10.md +++ b/jdg/10/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left # abandoned our God The people are speaking to Yahweh and refer to him as "our God." This can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: "abandoned you, our God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/11.md b/jdg/10/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/10/11.md +++ b/jdg/10/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/10/12.md b/jdg/10/12.md index eb1f2fb9d7..47ca47653b 100644 --- a/jdg/10/12.md +++ b/jdg/10/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the people from the clan or family of Maon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # from their power Here "power" represents the Amalekites and the Maonites. Alternate translation: "from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/13.md b/jdg/10/13.md index fc3bb3fe67..4d2f796554 100644 --- a/jdg/10/13.md +++ b/jdg/10/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left # I will not keep adding to the times I deliver you The phrase "keep adding to the times" is an idiom that means to continue to do something. You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Yahweh's saying. Alternate translation: "I will not keep on delivering you again and again" or "You can be sure that I will stop delivering you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/14.md b/jdg/10/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/10/14.md +++ b/jdg/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/10/15.md b/jdg/10/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/10/15.md +++ b/jdg/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/10/16.md b/jdg/10/16.md index 518efd974f..458de78c8c 100644 --- a/jdg/10/16.md +++ b/jdg/10/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can make explicit the implicit meaning of this statement. Alternate translat # Yahweh could bear Israel's misery no longer Here Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "And Yahweh did not want the people of Israel to suffer any longer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/17.md b/jdg/10/17.md index 2d8c0544af..200627165d 100644 --- a/jdg/10/17.md +++ b/jdg/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Ammonites were summoned and set Possible meanings are 1) "the leaders of the Ammonites called them to come to fight, so they set" or 2) "the Ammonites gathered together." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/10/18.md b/jdg/10/18.md index 26851d8689..74d125caf8 100644 --- a/jdg/10/18.md +++ b/jdg/10/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who is the man who will begin to fight the Ammonites? "Who will lead our army to fight against the Ammonites?" - diff --git a/jdg/10/intro.md b/jdg/10/intro.md index 4f9f254aa7..b9eddb5e9e 100644 --- a/jdg/10/intro.md +++ b/jdg/10/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Judges 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the account of Jephthah ([Judges 10-12](./01.md)). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Israel's punishment -In Judges, Israel's actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]]) +### Israel's punishment + +In Judges, Israel's actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]]) ## Links: * __[Judges 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/11/01.md b/jdg/11/01.md index 1b802972cf..85a313d2fd 100644 --- a/jdg/11/01.md +++ b/jdg/11/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gileadite This is someone who is from the region of Gilead. It is a coincidence that his father's name is also Gilead. See how you translated this in [Judges 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/02.md b/jdg/11/02.md index 9a00d431a2..be09951db3 100644 --- a/jdg/11/02.md +++ b/jdg/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When his wife's sons grew up "When the sons of Gilead's wife became adults" - diff --git a/jdg/11/03.md b/jdg/11/03.md index c26fce3c8c..f316a5b45d 100644 --- a/jdg/11/03.md +++ b/jdg/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Tob is the name of a region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # they traveled with him "they followed him" or "they went everywhere together" - diff --git a/jdg/11/04.md b/jdg/11/04.md index 96e0f30c63..5513240e9e 100644 --- a/jdg/11/04.md +++ b/jdg/11/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # made war against Israel The phrase "made war" is an idiom which means that they attacked Israel and were at war with them. Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "attacked the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/05.md b/jdg/11/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/11/05.md +++ b/jdg/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/11/06.md b/jdg/11/06.md index 3b3130b80d..f99d96e223 100644 --- a/jdg/11/06.md +++ b/jdg/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that we may fight with "so that we can fight against" - diff --git a/jdg/11/07.md b/jdg/11/07.md index b3823cc32e..cc2e22b65b 100644 --- a/jdg/11/07.md +++ b/jdg/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my father's house Here "house" refers to people living in the house. Alternate translation: "my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/08.md b/jdg/11/08.md index 38eead7fc1..9e150df8c2 100644 --- a/jdg/11/08.md +++ b/jdg/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "that" refers to what Jephthah said about about them being in trouble. # fight with the people of Ammon "fight against the people of Ammon" - diff --git a/jdg/11/09.md b/jdg/11/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/11/09.md +++ b/jdg/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/11/10.md b/jdg/11/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/11/10.md +++ b/jdg/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/11/11.md b/jdg/11/11.md index 547a27745c..436201490d 100644 --- a/jdg/11/11.md +++ b/jdg/11/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Here the phrase "before Yahwheh" means that he repeated his pr # all the promises he made This refers to the promises he made to the leaders of Gilead about becoming their leader. - diff --git a/jdg/11/12.md b/jdg/11/12.md index cbc6a0f97f..efdd06cb28 100644 --- a/jdg/11/12.md +++ b/jdg/11/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" refers to the King of Ammon and represents himself and his soldie # come with force to take "come to forcefully take" - diff --git a/jdg/11/13.md b/jdg/11/13.md index 401ca139bf..e20c8473c2 100644 --- a/jdg/11/13.md +++ b/jdg/11/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of two rivers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in peace "peacefully" or "and do not try to defend them" - diff --git a/jdg/11/14.md b/jdg/11/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/11/14.md +++ b/jdg/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/11/15.md b/jdg/11/15.md index c4589015ca..87834ec970 100644 --- a/jdg/11/15.md +++ b/jdg/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he said Here the word "he" refers to the messenger who was speaking to the king. This may be written with the word "they" as in the UDB, referring to the group of messengers. Alternate translation: "Jephthah told the messengers to say" or "they said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/16.md b/jdg/11/16.md index 7aade534d2..1ec98b2783 100644 --- a/jdg/11/16.md +++ b/jdg/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they came up from Egypt Whenever people traveled to the promised land it is referred to as going "up" to the promised land. When the Israelites left Egypt they were on their way to the promised land. Alternate translation: "they left Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/17.md b/jdg/11/17.md index 3761ae2b17..91d43f64a8 100644 --- a/jdg/11/17.md +++ b/jdg/11/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The reason that Israel sent messengers to the king of Moab can be made explicit. # but he refused The king of Moab refused Israel's request to pass through Moab. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "but he also refused and would not let them pass through the land of Moab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/18.md b/jdg/11/18.md index 3f527b044e..b06964f988 100644 --- a/jdg/11/18.md +++ b/jdg/11/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Arnon This is the name of a river. See how you translated this in [Judges 11:13](../11/13.md). - diff --git a/jdg/11/19.md b/jdg/11/19.md index 7282b22edc..215005ad15 100644 --- a/jdg/11/19.md +++ b/jdg/11/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Heshbon This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/20.md b/jdg/11/20.md index 54293e48a2..1c006c24ec 100644 --- a/jdg/11/20.md +++ b/jdg/11/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Sihon did not trust the people of Israel to pass through his land peacefully. Th # there he fought The word "he" refers to Sihon and represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "there they fought" or "there his army fought" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/21.md b/jdg/11/21.md index 87eda05930..99414d6c77 100644 --- a/jdg/11/21.md +++ b/jdg/11/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Judges 11:19](../11/19.md). # gave Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel Here "hand" refers to power to defeat in battle. Alternate translation: "gave Israel power over Sihon and all his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/22.md b/jdg/11/22.md index d355bab5fe..8f61b36db1 100644 --- a/jdg/11/22.md +++ b/jdg/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Arnon ... Jabbok See how you translated the names of these rivers in [Judges 11:13](../11/13.md). - diff --git a/jdg/11/23.md b/jdg/11/23.md index 14c853a317..de7f520f9d 100644 --- a/jdg/11/23.md +++ b/jdg/11/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jephthah's messengers continue to speak. # should you now take possession of their land? Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with this rhetorical question. The word "their" refers to the Israel. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "therefore, you should not take possession of their land." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/24.md b/jdg/11/24.md index 48b6c26245..168f350453 100644 --- a/jdg/11/24.md +++ b/jdg/11/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom which means to take control of something. Alternate translation # Chemosh This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/25.md b/jdg/11/25.md index d84c97a09b..c0475ff006 100644 --- a/jdg/11/25.md +++ b/jdg/11/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This # Did he ever wage war against them? Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: "Nor did he ever wage war against them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/26.md b/jdg/11/26.md index 30a02017c1..bacfa39360 100644 --- a/jdg/11/26.md +++ b/jdg/11/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # why then did you not take them back during that time? Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "you should have taken them back during that time." or "now it is too late; you should have taken them back long ago." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/27.md b/jdg/11/27.md index 955ed881b2..fa42a77214 100644 --- a/jdg/11/27.md +++ b/jdg/11/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jephthah is speaking to the Sihon. Here Jephthah speaks about the Israelites as # done you wrong ... doing me wrong This is an idiom. To do someone wrong means to do something wrong to them. Alternate translation: "treated you wrongly ... treating me wrongly" or "treated you unfairly ... treating me unfairly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/28.md b/jdg/11/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/11/28.md +++ b/jdg/11/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/11/29.md b/jdg/11/29.md index 3b0aecb5cc..ad20299dc2 100644 --- a/jdg/11/29.md +++ b/jdg/11/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom which means that the Spirit influenced Jephthah's decisions. Al # he passed through Gilead and Manasseh ... from Mizpah of Gilead Jephthah passed through these places enlisting men for his army to go to war with the people of Ammon. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "he gathered men for his army as he passed through Gilead and Manasseh ... from Mizpah of Gilead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/30.md b/jdg/11/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/11/30.md +++ b/jdg/11/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/11/31.md b/jdg/11/31.md index 1d535fdb1d..43a8d808e8 100644 --- a/jdg/11/31.md +++ b/jdg/11/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will offer it up This is an idiom which means to give something as an offering. Alternate translation: "I will offer it to you" or "I will sacrifice it to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/32.md b/jdg/11/32.md index 33c9fddcf4..c71357cc5d 100644 --- a/jdg/11/32.md +++ b/jdg/11/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Jephthah passed through ... Yahweh gave him victory Since Jephthah was the leader of his army, he and his army are often spoken of as Jephthah himself. Alternate translation: "So Jephthah and his army passed through ... Yahweh gave them victory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/33.md b/jdg/11/33.md index 16f9703172..2c59bf8413 100644 --- a/jdg/11/33.md +++ b/jdg/11/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # twenty cities "including 20 cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/34.md b/jdg/11/34.md index 2b886e23d9..4f5010101f 100644 --- a/jdg/11/34.md +++ b/jdg/11/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tambourines musical instruments with heads like drums that can be hit and with pieces of metal around their sides that sound when the instruments are shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/35.md b/jdg/11/35.md index 5d5c5566cc..30c3138b5f 100644 --- a/jdg/11/35.md +++ b/jdg/11/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here Jephthah talks about his great distress and trouble as if it were pain. Alt # I cannot turn back on my promise This is an idiom. To turn back on a promise means to not do what you have promised to do. Alternate translation: "I must do what I have promised" or "I cannot break my promise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/36.md b/jdg/11/36.md index 2a8006fcfe..d3faf51161 100644 --- a/jdg/11/36.md +++ b/jdg/11/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has taken vengeance for you against your enemies, the Ammonites Yahweh has taken vengence for him by defeating his enemies. The meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "has taken vengeance for you against your enemies, the Ammonites, by defeating them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/37.md b/jdg/11/37.md index 1207019414..8cdbc0a4e5 100644 --- a/jdg/11/37.md +++ b/jdg/11/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "Keep this promise # grieve over my virginity "weep because I am a virgin" or "cry because I will never be married" - diff --git a/jdg/11/38.md b/jdg/11/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/11/38.md +++ b/jdg/11/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/11/39.md b/jdg/11/39.md index f54d60ea9f..487f8f30f0 100644 --- a/jdg/11/39.md +++ b/jdg/11/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had never known a man This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "had never had sexual relations with a man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jdg/11/40.md b/jdg/11/40.md index af9e305e55..813e597d60 100644 --- a/jdg/11/40.md +++ b/jdg/11/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Gileadite This refers to someone from Gilead. See how you translated this in [Judges 10:3](../10/03.md). - diff --git a/jdg/11/intro.md b/jdg/11/intro.md index 01eaeba55b..ccea311de7 100644 --- a/jdg/11/intro.md +++ b/jdg/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Judges 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The account of Jephthah continues in this chapter. +The account of Jephthah continues in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Jephthah the leader -#### Jephthah the leader Jephthah was half Israelite and half Canaanite by birth. While all of the judges were called by Yahweh, it is the leaders who called Jephthah to help them, but Yahweh still used Jephthah to help them. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Jephthah was half Israelite and half Canaanite by birth. While all of the judges * __[Judges 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/12/01.md b/jdg/12/01.md index 0dd52ed669..7bf850e751 100644 --- a/jdg/12/01.md +++ b/jdg/12/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ or "traveled through ... travel" or "journeyed through ... journey" # We will burn your house down over you This idiom means to burn down a house with people inside it. Alternate translation: "We will burn your house down with you still in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/02.md b/jdg/12/02.md index 5adb519279..10870bab49 100644 --- a/jdg/12/02.md +++ b/jdg/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "you" is plural and refers to the people of Ephraim. (See: [[rc:// # did not rescue me Jephthah uses the word "me" to refer to himself and all the people of Gilead. Alternate translation: "do not rescue us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/03.md b/jdg/12/03.md index 9d9b4ffb5d..061837fffd 100644 --- a/jdg/12/03.md +++ b/jdg/12/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "you" is plural and refers to the men of Ephraim. Jephthah is referring # passed through against the people of Ammon This means that they fought against the Ammonites as they passed through Ammon. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "fought against the people of Ammon as we passed through their region" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/04.md b/jdg/12/04.md index ef04a09cc6..7a74abc68c 100644 --- a/jdg/12/04.md +++ b/jdg/12/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ people from Gilead # in Ephraim—in Ephraim and Manasseh "in the regions of Ephraim and Manasseh" or "in the land of Ephraim and Manasseh." Here "Ephraim" and "Manasseh" refer to regions and are named after the tribes which live there. - diff --git a/jdg/12/05.md b/jdg/12/05.md index 0be23e64fd..d02340e9ff 100644 --- a/jdg/12/05.md +++ b/jdg/12/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are places where you can cross the river on foot because the water is shal # Ephraimite person from the tribe of Ephraim - diff --git a/jdg/12/06.md b/jdg/12/06.md index 56551f3674..436ed07595 100644 --- a/jdg/12/06.md +++ b/jdg/12/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These words have no meaning. Copy these words into your language, and make sure # Forty-two thousand Ephraimites were killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They killed forty-two thousand Ephraimites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/07.md b/jdg/12/07.md index 891d55ad5f..6aab5a3d9c 100644 --- a/jdg/12/07.md +++ b/jdg/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jephthah the Gileadite died and was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jephthah the Gileadite died and they buried him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/08.md b/jdg/12/08.md index 741976ff2a..3b43b0e667 100644 --- a/jdg/12/08.md +++ b/jdg/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ibzan of Bethlehem This is the name of a man from Bethlehem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/09.md b/jdg/12/09.md index fb4b4bbfc4..5c7f1a2b72 100644 --- a/jdg/12/09.md +++ b/jdg/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "give away ... in marriage" is an idiom which means that he allowed his dau # he brought from the outside thirty daughters of other men for his sons The idiom "bring them in from the outside" means that he had women from other clans marry his sons. Alternate translation: "he arranged for thirty daughters of other men from outside of his clan to marry his sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/10.md b/jdg/12/10.md index c44c0d48da..19d3360a54 100644 --- a/jdg/12/10.md +++ b/jdg/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # was buried at Bethlehem This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they buried him in Bethlehem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/11.md b/jdg/12/11.md index ae98c31c4b..f54027605b 100644 --- a/jdg/12/11.md +++ b/jdg/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Zebulunite someone from the tribe of Zebulun - diff --git a/jdg/12/12.md b/jdg/12/12.md index 6828a369e2..56839262bd 100644 --- a/jdg/12/12.md +++ b/jdg/12/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the name of this place the same way you did in [Judges 1:35](../01/35. # was buried in Aijalon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they buried him in Aijalon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/13.md b/jdg/12/13.md index fec3011157..05d32a7aea 100644 --- a/jdg/12/13.md +++ b/jdg/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Pirathon This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/14.md b/jdg/12/14.md index 3fb384da1a..0e26a91801 100644 --- a/jdg/12/14.md +++ b/jdg/12/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These men owned seventy donkeys, which they did ride. Here the word "rode" is us # forty sons ... thirty grandsons ... seventy donkeys "40 sons ... 30 grandsons ... 70 donkeys (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/15.md b/jdg/12/15.md index 913d8060bd..1ba648d1e0 100644 --- a/jdg/12/15.md +++ b/jdg/12/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pirathonite ... Pirathon Pirathon is the name of a place, someone who is from that place is called a Pirathonite. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/12/intro.md b/jdg/12/intro.md index 990511ef01..ab891e67af 100644 --- a/jdg/12/intro.md +++ b/jdg/12/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Judges 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The account of Jephthah concludes in this chapter. +The account of Jephthah concludes in this chapter. -#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Shibboleth -#### Shibboleth This is a word in Hebrew. Its importance in this chapter is because of its sounds, not its meaning. The translator should not translate the meaning of this word, but should transliterate or transfer it into the target language by substituting letters that have the same sounds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This is a word in Hebrew. Its importance in this chapter is because of its sound * __[Judges 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/13/01.md b/jdg/13/01.md index 87b93d3ee1..d5c7e29b37 100644 --- a/jdg/13/01.md +++ b/jdg/13/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to power to gain victory in battle. Alternate translation: "h # forty years "40 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/02.md b/jdg/13/02.md index e1a132fbec..3f4408e414 100644 --- a/jdg/13/02.md +++ b/jdg/13/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ people from the tribe of Dan # Manoah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/03.md b/jdg/13/03.md index 3f486e3747..8816abf1c4 100644 --- a/jdg/13/03.md +++ b/jdg/13/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is an exhortation for the heare # give birth to a son This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: "bear a son" or "have a baby boy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/04.md b/jdg/13/04.md index 03c0f34840..51b11fd06a 100644 --- a/jdg/13/04.md +++ b/jdg/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # anything unclean Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/05.md b/jdg/13/05.md index c3948a51cd..0703349146 100644 --- a/jdg/13/05.md +++ b/jdg/13/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "womb" refers to the time before the child is born. Alternate tran # the hand of the Philistines Here the word "hand" means control. Alternate translation: "the control of the Philistines" or "being under the Philistine's control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/06.md b/jdg/13/06.md index 8ac24e4d6e..a1319bb633 100644 --- a/jdg/13/06.md +++ b/jdg/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the man was sent by God. This can be made explicit. Alternate tr # his appearance was like that of an angel of God, very terrible Here "terrible" means "frightening." Alternate translation: "I was very afraid of him because he looked like an angel of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/07.md b/jdg/13/07.md index 495814c000..84ccd47536 100644 --- a/jdg/13/07.md +++ b/jdg/13/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that he will be devoted to God as a Nazirite. See how you translated # from the time he is in your womb until the day of his death This emphasizes that it would be for his entire life. Alternate translation: "all his life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/08.md b/jdg/13/08.md index 681978ce9f..80c2dae0d0 100644 --- a/jdg/13/08.md +++ b/jdg/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Manoah See how you translated this man's name in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md). - diff --git a/jdg/13/09.md b/jdg/13/09.md index 99c3b91da8..c6d81aa4ef 100644 --- a/jdg/13/09.md +++ b/jdg/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # came to the woman You can make explicit the implicit meaning of the author's words. Alternate translation: "came to Manoah's wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/10.md b/jdg/13/10.md index 582269d36f..70fd7556ff 100644 --- a/jdg/13/10.md +++ b/jdg/13/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The man This refers to the angel of God in [Judges 13:3](../13/03.md). This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the man of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/11.md b/jdg/13/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/13/11.md +++ b/jdg/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/13/12.md b/jdg/13/12.md index c93a47205f..1e704a934c 100644 --- a/jdg/13/12.md +++ b/jdg/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your words "what you have said" - diff --git a/jdg/13/13.md b/jdg/13/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/13/13.md +++ b/jdg/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/13/14.md b/jdg/13/14.md index b8c0a61f4f..e19232b320 100644 --- a/jdg/13/14.md +++ b/jdg/13/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the angel refers to any food that grow on a vine as "coming" from the vine. # unclean Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 13:7](../13/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/15.md b/jdg/13/15.md index dde5f2b1d3..657b802fb0 100644 --- a/jdg/13/15.md +++ b/jdg/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # prepare a young goat for you You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Manoah's statement. Alternate translation: "cook a young goat for you to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/16.md b/jdg/13/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/13/16.md +++ b/jdg/13/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/13/17.md b/jdg/13/17.md index be76fe643d..e4870fbadd 100644 --- a/jdg/13/17.md +++ b/jdg/13/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your words come true "what you have said comes true" - diff --git a/jdg/13/18.md b/jdg/13/18.md index 55176bcb16..c836b48c78 100644 --- a/jdg/13/18.md +++ b/jdg/13/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel asks this question as a rebuke. This question can be written as a stat # It is wonderful It may be helpful to explain more explicitly why they should not ask his name. Alternate translation: "It is too wonderful for you to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/19.md b/jdg/13/19.md index 98e5c98191..f03ee0ac2e 100644 --- a/jdg/13/19.md +++ b/jdg/13/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This law requires a grain offering to be offered when a burnt offering is made. # He did something "The angel did something" - diff --git a/jdg/13/20.md b/jdg/13/20.md index 280c96facf..a70ba351d7 100644 --- a/jdg/13/20.md +++ b/jdg/13/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # lay facedown on the ground "lay with their faces to the ground." This is a sign of respect and honor, but it also shows their fear of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/21.md b/jdg/13/21.md index 887e71a6d8..a30515291c 100644 --- a/jdg/13/21.md +++ b/jdg/13/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that he was the angel of Yahweh The word "he" refers to the man who Manoah and his wife had seen. - diff --git a/jdg/13/22.md b/jdg/13/22.md index 58e71796c5..8b832e96a0 100644 --- a/jdg/13/22.md +++ b/jdg/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We are sure to die, because we have seen God It is implied that they think God will cause them to die. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "God will cause us to die because we have seen him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/23.md b/jdg/13/23.md index a055869ff4..6c85aa997c 100644 --- a/jdg/13/23.md +++ b/jdg/13/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He would not have shown us all these things, nor at this time would he have let us hear such things Manoah's wife said basically the same thing twice for emphasis. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: "He would not have told us what he wanted us to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jdg/13/24.md b/jdg/13/24.md index 48253ba40f..5e99e87525 100644 --- a/jdg/13/24.md +++ b/jdg/13/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: "bore a son" or "had a baby bo # grew up "became an adult" or "matured" - diff --git a/jdg/13/25.md b/jdg/13/25.md index 4d578849da..0884c5d0af 100644 --- a/jdg/13/25.md +++ b/jdg/13/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Mahaneh Dan is the name of a temporary camp that the tribe of Dan lived in while # Zorah Translate the name of this town the same way you did in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md). - diff --git a/jdg/13/intro.md b/jdg/13/intro.md index 63b5f89c54..99a8420fe6 100644 --- a/jdg/13/intro.md +++ b/jdg/13/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Judges 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the account of Samson ([Judges 13-16](./01.md)). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Warning not to cut his hair +### Warning not to cut his hair The angel of the Lord prophesied about Samson and gave instructions to Samson's mother. Samson's mother was to offer up her son under a Nazarite vow. This was a special type of vow, dedicating Samson to Yahweh. Part of this vow prohibited the cutting of the person's hair. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The angel of the Lord prophesied about Samson and gave instructions to Samson's * __[Judges 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/14/01.md b/jdg/14/01.md index a1b5dea6c4..50f820bfc0 100644 --- a/jdg/14/01.md +++ b/jdg/14/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "went down" is used here because Timnah is lower in elevation than wh # one of the daughters of the Philistines The word "daughter" is a polite way to refer to a young, unmarried woman. Alternate translation: "one of the unmarried women among the Philistine people" or "a Philistine girl" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/02.md b/jdg/14/02.md index 5f9bdd78b6..b162f055f8 100644 --- a/jdg/14/02.md +++ b/jdg/14/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now get her for me to be my wife This is an idiom. Samson was demanding his parents to speak to the Philistine woman's parents about marriage. Alternate translation: "Now arrange for her to become my wife" or "Make the arrangements for me to marry her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/03.md b/jdg/14/03.md index 4389eece77..1f9b7c0424 100644 --- a/jdg/14/03.md +++ b/jdg/14/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom. Samson was demanding his parents to speak to the Philistine wo # she pleases me This means that Samson thinks she is beautiful. "I am pleased by how beautiful she is" or "she is beautiful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/04.md b/jdg/14/04.md index fab25fb45d..d0c5427f43 100644 --- a/jdg/14/04.md +++ b/jdg/14/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Samson's request to marry the Philistine woman. # for he desired to create a conflict The word "he" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/jdg/14/05.md b/jdg/14/05.md index b5205a8924..1e734e2e0d 100644 --- a/jdg/14/05.md +++ b/jdg/14/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "look" is used to draw the readers attention to a surprising event # was roaring at him "threatened him." This is the kind of noise that a lion makes when it threatens to attack something. - diff --git a/jdg/14/06.md b/jdg/14/06.md index 2143400d00..5e066df09b 100644 --- a/jdg/14/06.md +++ b/jdg/14/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ tore into two pieces # had nothing in his hand Here it states that he had nothing in his hand to emphasize that he was not holding a weapon. Alternate translation: "did not have a weapon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/07.md b/jdg/14/07.md index e3db0d0b3b..f12c4bfc08 100644 --- a/jdg/14/07.md +++ b/jdg/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she pleased Samson This means that he thought she was very beautiful. Alternate translation: "he was pleased by how beautiful she was" or "he thought she was very beautiful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/08.md b/jdg/14/08.md index d73cf86f70..9c868a08a0 100644 --- a/jdg/14/08.md +++ b/jdg/14/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "look" is used to draw the reader's attention to something surpris # swarm large group of insects - diff --git a/jdg/14/09.md b/jdg/14/09.md index f1f2f7f7f5..2c90afa898 100644 --- a/jdg/14/09.md +++ b/jdg/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # scraped up "gathered up" - diff --git a/jdg/14/10.md b/jdg/14/10.md index 4be706fd44..8f332967c5 100644 --- a/jdg/14/10.md +++ b/jdg/14/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "went down" is used to describe Timnah which is lower in elevation th # the custom of the young men It may be helpful to state that this was a marriage custom. Alternate translation: "the custom of young men who were getting married" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/11.md b/jdg/14/11.md index fffea0a8c9..12c0ef1b52 100644 --- a/jdg/14/11.md +++ b/jdg/14/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty of their friends "30 of their friends" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/12.md b/jdg/14/12.md index 28c63c77fd..0ed8d2854d 100644 --- a/jdg/14/12.md +++ b/jdg/14/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to figure out the meaning of the riddle. Alternate translation: "can # linen a type of cloth - diff --git a/jdg/14/13.md b/jdg/14/13.md index 3bb67cea76..7daf5911eb 100644 --- a/jdg/14/13.md +++ b/jdg/14/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But if you cannot tell me Here the word "you" is plural and refers to the guests at the feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/14.md b/jdg/14/14.md index dec594fad5..26cdac383f 100644 --- a/jdg/14/14.md +++ b/jdg/14/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This refers to something that is strong. Alternate translation: "the strong thin # could not find the answer Here figuring out the answer to the riddle is spoke of as if it were something hidden that the guest had to search for and find. Alternate translation: "could not figure out the answer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/15.md b/jdg/14/15.md index dcfc57f6bd..a183058196 100644 --- a/jdg/14/15.md +++ b/jdg/14/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ They ask her this question to accuse her of doing evil. This question can be wri # to make us poor They would become poor if they had to buy him new clothes if they could not solve the riddle. Alternate translation: "to make us poor by forcing us to buy him new clothes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/16.md b/jdg/14/16.md index c4d2a7f8d1..b7d42f721e 100644 --- a/jdg/14/16.md +++ b/jdg/14/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is used to get someones attention. Here "look" means to "listen." Alternate # if I have not told my father or my mother, should I tell you? Samson was rebuking her for demanding that he tell her the answer. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "I have not even told my father or mother. I will not tell you." or "you should not demand that I tell you, since I have not even told my parents, and they are closer to me than you are." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/17.md b/jdg/14/17.md index 124767ab88..d6fb8e292b 100644 --- a/jdg/14/17.md +++ b/jdg/14/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "during the seven days of their feast" or 2) "during th # she pressured him very much Here the word "pressured" means "urged." Alternate translation: "she kept urging him to tell her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/14/18.md b/jdg/14/18.md index 8a33954b58..67cef9bc4d 100644 --- a/jdg/14/18.md +++ b/jdg/14/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Samson compares their using his wife to get the answer to someone using another # plowed To plow is to use an animal to pull a blade through soil to prepare the soil for seeds. - diff --git a/jdg/14/19.md b/jdg/14/19.md index 1c00ccd69c..637844fcc6 100644 --- a/jdg/14/19.md +++ b/jdg/14/19.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ These were from the plunder he had taken from Ashkelon. Alternate translation: " # went up to his father's house The phrase "went up" is used here because Samson was at Timnah which is lower in elevation than where his father's house is located. - diff --git a/jdg/14/20.md b/jdg/14/20.md index 234e8c9754..124d7521be 100644 --- a/jdg/14/20.md +++ b/jdg/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his wife's father gav # best friend "closest friend" - diff --git a/jdg/14/intro.md b/jdg/14/intro.md index cd92eaf757..7d5d2dde2f 100644 --- a/jdg/14/intro.md +++ b/jdg/14/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Judges 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The account of Samson continues in this chapter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 14:14, 18. -#### Special concepts in this chapter +### Special concepts in this chapter + +### Intermarriage -#### Intermarriage It was considered sinful for an Israel to marry a Canaanite or anyone from a different people group. This is why Samson's parents did not want him to marry a Philistine woman. They use rhetorical questions to convince him that he is sinning. This woman caused Samson many problems. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ It was considered sinful for an Israel to marry a Canaanite or anyone from a dif * __[Judges 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/15/01.md b/jdg/15/01.md index 4c83366c03..999a90a82b 100644 --- a/jdg/15/01.md +++ b/jdg/15/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Samson intended to sleep with his wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate tr # would not allow him to go in The phrase "her room" is understood from what Samson said to himself. It can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "would not permit him to go into her room" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/02.md b/jdg/15/02.md index f558ba6012..d3a54b4cb3 100644 --- a/jdg/15/02.md +++ b/jdg/15/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He asks this question to imply that Samson should agree with him. This question # Take her instead He is suggesting that Samson take her as his wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Take her to be your wife instead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/03.md b/jdg/15/03.md index f0dc515ab0..e19d29bc85 100644 --- a/jdg/15/03.md +++ b/jdg/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will be innocent in regard to the Philistines when I hurt them Samson thinks that he will be innocent if he attacks the Philistines because they wronged him. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "I will be innocent if I hurt the Philistines because they have wronged me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/04.md b/jdg/15/04.md index 319f776e18..c0ac93f403 100644 --- a/jdg/15/04.md +++ b/jdg/15/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a pair is two of anything, such as two foxes, or two tails # torches A torch is a stick of wood with something flammable attached to one end; a torch is often used to light other things or to be carried for light. - diff --git a/jdg/15/05.md b/jdg/15/05.md index 8416287e99..f24e361710 100644 --- a/jdg/15/05.md +++ b/jdg/15/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the stalks of grain collected in piles after it has been harvested # orchards An orchard is a place where fruit trees are grown. - diff --git a/jdg/15/06.md b/jdg/15/06.md index b45cba2ec1..c6ad6e357e 100644 --- a/jdg/15/06.md +++ b/jdg/15/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Samson's wife's father gave her in marriage to Samson's friend. This can be stat # burned up The phrase "burned up" means to burn something completely. If a person is "burned up," it means that person is burned to death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/07.md b/jdg/15/07.md index 2c4432e5a9..3aea382d21 100644 --- a/jdg/15/07.md +++ b/jdg/15/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # If this is what you do "Because you have done this." - diff --git a/jdg/15/08.md b/jdg/15/08.md index 13d5f21651..fef20de6de 100644 --- a/jdg/15/08.md +++ b/jdg/15/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a high, rocky hill or mountainside # Etam This is the name of the rocky hill country near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/09.md b/jdg/15/09.md index c66dc25ba5..bb098c8bf6 100644 --- a/jdg/15/09.md +++ b/jdg/15/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ moved apart from each other so they could control as much land as possible # Lehi This is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/10.md b/jdg/15/10.md index f9d8b71a83..192a473f5f 100644 --- a/jdg/15/10.md +++ b/jdg/15/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "We have come up" (see [verse 9](./09.md)) or 2) "We ar # do to him as he has done to us The Philistines are comparing how they want to kill Samson to how he killed many of the Philistines. Alternate translation: "kill him like he killed many of our people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/11.md b/jdg/15/11.md index 4c29991961..14ef14dd14 100644 --- a/jdg/15/11.md +++ b/jdg/15/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The men of Judah ask Samson these questions to rebuke him. This questions may be # They did to me, and so I have done to them Samson is referring to how they killed his wife and how he killed them in revenge. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "They killed my wife, so I killed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/12.md b/jdg/15/12.md index 66d1ecca20..b9cfea08cf 100644 --- a/jdg/15/12.md +++ b/jdg/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hands of the Philistines Here "hands" refers to power. Alternate translation: "the Philistine's control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/13.md b/jdg/15/13.md index 1d0f86570b..35f51cf97c 100644 --- a/jdg/15/13.md +++ b/jdg/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to cause someone to be under someone else's control. Alternate transl # up from the rock This refers to the cave in the cliff of Etam where Samson had gone in [Judges 15:8](../15/08.md). Here the words "up from" mean that they had brought him away from the cave. Alternate translation: "away from the cave in the large rock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/14.md b/jdg/15/14.md index 3f814eeaa8..0ecd05e211 100644 --- a/jdg/15/14.md +++ b/jdg/15/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Samson easily broken the ropes that bound his hands. The author describes how ea # flax fibers from the flax plant used for making threads and cloth - diff --git a/jdg/15/15.md b/jdg/15/15.md index fce3807c4b..6a157bf924 100644 --- a/jdg/15/15.md +++ b/jdg/15/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the donkey had died very recently and its bones had not yet begu # a thousand men "1,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/16.md b/jdg/15/16.md index a35db8c788..67970a714a 100644 --- a/jdg/15/16.md +++ b/jdg/15/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # heaps upon heaps This phrase describes how many people Samson killed. There were enough bodies to make large piles of bodies. Alternate translation: "I have made heaps of dead bodies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/17.md b/jdg/15/17.md index 7facf9f308..7c03b0e6b1 100644 --- a/jdg/15/17.md +++ b/jdg/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ramath Lehi This is the name of a place. It's name means "Jawbone Hill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/18.md b/jdg/15/18.md index 2c95ed74b4..8a5708437f 100644 --- a/jdg/15/18.md +++ b/jdg/15/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to die because you have not drank enough and therefore, you do not ha # fall into the hands of those who are uncircumcised The phrase "fall into the hands" means to be captured. "Those who are uncircumcised" refers to the Philistines and with the word "uncircumcised" emphasizing that they do not worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: "be captured by those godless Philistines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/19.md b/jdg/15/19.md index 7691a39cf8..c18f956dc4 100644 --- a/jdg/15/19.md +++ b/jdg/15/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a spring of water. The name means "spring of him who prayed. # it is at Lehi to this day This means that the spring did not dry up but that it remained. The phrase "to this day" refers to the "present" time. Alternate translation: "the spring can still be found at Lehi, even today" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/20.md b/jdg/15/20.md index d278f88269..207791babf 100644 --- a/jdg/15/20.md +++ b/jdg/15/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the time period that the Philistines controlled the land of Israe # for twenty years "for 20 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/15/intro.md b/jdg/15/intro.md index 9ca9bc1344..3ad46f5d3f 100644 --- a/jdg/15/intro.md +++ b/jdg/15/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Judges 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The account of Samson continues in this chapter. +The account of Samson continues in this chapter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 15:16. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Samson's strength +### Samson's strength The Spirit of Yahweh rushed upon Samson. This meant God gave Samson extraordinary strength. Samson's power is the power of Yahweh himself and he enacted the judgment of God on the Philistines. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Spirit of Yahweh rushed upon Samson. This meant God gave Samson extraordinar * __[Judges 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/16/01.md b/jdg/16/01.md index 197c87c984..fe7c402787 100644 --- a/jdg/16/01.md +++ b/jdg/16/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he went to her -This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with her. Alternate translation: he had sexual relations with her" or "he lay with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - +This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with her. Alternate translation: he had sexual relations with her" or "he lay with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) diff --git a/jdg/16/02.md b/jdg/16/02.md index 79c4677482..fbf9c3adca 100644 --- a/jdg/16/02.md +++ b/jdg/16/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This implies that some Gazites surrounded the place where Samson was staying and # They kept silent all night Possible meanings are 1) "They did not make any noise all night" or 2) "They made no attempt to attack him all night." - diff --git a/jdg/16/03.md b/jdg/16/03.md index 48518ab32c..d192b8a532 100644 --- a/jdg/16/03.md +++ b/jdg/16/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the part of the human body where the arms and the neck attach to the body # Hebron This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/04.md b/jdg/16/04.md index 0fd755c8d4..5d84e5b470 100644 --- a/jdg/16/04.md +++ b/jdg/16/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Valley of Sorek This is the name of a valley near Samson's home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/05.md b/jdg/16/05.md index e06e39f8a7..e6b6c3b6d8 100644 --- a/jdg/16/05.md +++ b/jdg/16/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to where his strength comes from. Alternate transla # 1,100 pieces of silver "one thousand one hundred pieces of silver." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/06.md b/jdg/16/06.md index 8d870f8b7a..cfdb3e60fb 100644 --- a/jdg/16/06.md +++ b/jdg/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bind you, so you might be controlled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "bind you to control you" or "bind you to restrain you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/07.md b/jdg/16/07.md index a8ec4a368f..8d66984c3f 100644 --- a/jdg/16/07.md +++ b/jdg/16/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bowstrings were often made from parts of an animal, often from the tendons. The # that have not been dried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that have not yet dried" or "that are not dry yet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/08.md b/jdg/16/08.md index 976ba68698..c99d03813c 100644 --- a/jdg/16/08.md +++ b/jdg/16/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that had not yet drie # she tied Samson up with them "Delilah tied Samson up with the fresh bowstrings" - diff --git a/jdg/16/09.md b/jdg/16/09.md index 5781444bd3..68b1635df1 100644 --- a/jdg/16/09.md +++ b/jdg/16/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "upon you" means that they are ready to capture him. Alternate transl # he broke the bowstrings like a thread of yarn when it touches the fire The author describes how easily he broke the bowstrings by comparing them to how yarn breaks when it is burned. Alternate translation: "he broke the bowstrings as easily as if he were breaking burned yarn" or "he broke the bowstrings as easily as if they were made of thin yarn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/10.md b/jdg/16/10.md index 70a13f10db..618aabcae0 100644 --- a/jdg/16/10.md +++ b/jdg/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Deceiving and lying mean the same thing and are stated to emphasize how angry De # you can be overpowered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people can overpower you" - diff --git a/jdg/16/11.md b/jdg/16/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/16/11.md +++ b/jdg/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/16/12.md b/jdg/16/12.md index 58584f6356..e77dc5880b 100644 --- a/jdg/16/12.md +++ b/jdg/16/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that they were hiding and waiting for the right moment to attack. Alt # like they were a piece of thread The author describes how easily Samson broke the ropes by comparing it to him breaking a piece of thread. Alternate translation: "as easily as if they were only a piece of thread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/13.md b/jdg/16/13.md index 2e1b4956ea..2288fc7315 100644 --- a/jdg/16/13.md +++ b/jdg/16/13.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ to hammer a nail in order to hold something in one place # I will be like any other man The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "I will be as weak as any other man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/14.md b/jdg/16/14.md index 2a8d446acc..2c2ce829f0 100644 --- a/jdg/16/14.md +++ b/jdg/16/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Samson pulled out the fabric from the loom when he pulled his hair away from the # the pin This is the wooden nail or peg used to fasten the fabric to the loom. - diff --git a/jdg/16/15.md b/jdg/16/15.md index cb995abb8b..c44bcbbe04 100644 --- a/jdg/16/15.md +++ b/jdg/16/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How can you say, 'I love you,' when you do not share your secrets with me? Delilah asks this question to say that if Samson really loved her he would tell her his secrets. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "When you say 'I love you,' you are lying because you do not share your secrets with me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/16.md b/jdg/16/16.md index ef9f383fd0..8639cd69bd 100644 --- a/jdg/16/16.md +++ b/jdg/16/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the author speaks of how Delilah tries to persuade Samson as if she were pu # that he wished he would die The author used a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize how miserable Sampson felt. Alternate translation: "that he was completely miserable" or "that he was very unhappy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/17.md b/jdg/16/17.md index 1a7d770ecb..6ae11f8629 100644 --- a/jdg/16/17.md +++ b/jdg/16/17.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ to have had the hair cut close to the skin with a razor # my strength will leave me Samson speaks about his strength as if it were a person who could leave him. Alternate translation: "I will not be strong any more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/18.md b/jdg/16/18.md index df429496cd..59c6fb8def 100644 --- a/jdg/16/18.md +++ b/jdg/16/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Delilah is telling the rulers to come again to where she lives. Her home is like # bringing the silver in their hands This means that they brought to her the silver that they had promised to give her if she helped them capture Samson. Alternate translation: "bringing the silver that they had promised to give her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/19.md b/jdg/16/19.md index 1110ae71cd..90ee969361 100644 --- a/jdg/16/19.md +++ b/jdg/16/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Samson had seven locks of hair on his head. Locks are small bunches of hair. Her # his strength had left him Here Samson's strength is described as if it were a person who could leave him. Alternate translation: "his strength was gone" or "he was no longer strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/20.md b/jdg/16/20.md index a38ab143db..daef8b775c 100644 --- a/jdg/16/20.md +++ b/jdg/16/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "upon you" means that they are ready to capture him. Alternate transl # But he did not know that Yahweh had left him It is implied that if Yahweh left Samson, he would no longer be strong. Alternate translation: "But he did not know that Yahweh had left him and that he would not be strong enough to defeat the Philistines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/21.md b/jdg/16/21.md index 111d5a1463..c30404cb72 100644 --- a/jdg/16/21.md +++ b/jdg/16/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ locks on the end of chains that hold a prisoner at his feet or hands, or both # millstone This is a very large, heavy, circular stone. Normally, a large animal pulls the millstone around in a circle to crush grain. Here the Philistines humiliate Samson by making him pull it. - diff --git a/jdg/16/22.md b/jdg/16/22.md index 3f366ad730..9d25b2f888 100644 --- a/jdg/16/22.md +++ b/jdg/16/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after it had been shaved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after the Philistines had shaved it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/23.md b/jdg/16/23.md index 143c0b7e4b..934d072b97 100644 --- a/jdg/16/23.md +++ b/jdg/16/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a major false god of the Philistines (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names] # put him in our hands Here the word "hands" is a metaphor for the rulers' power. Alternate translation: "put him under our control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/24.md b/jdg/16/24.md index 2876b7f707..e1da3da5d5 100644 --- a/jdg/16/24.md +++ b/jdg/16/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Samson. The word "destroyer" can be expressed with the verb "dest # who killed many of us Here the word "us" refers to the Philistine people. Those who are talking are not counting themselves among the people whom Samson killed. Alternate translation: "who killed many of our people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/25.md b/jdg/16/25.md index 82ee4c6b32..ce2bbda9bd 100644 --- a/jdg/16/25.md +++ b/jdg/16/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Call for Samson ... They called for Samson Since Samson was a prisoner, he would not be called directly, but rather the people were asking for the men in charge of the prison to bring him to them. Alternate translation: "Call for them to bring out Samson ... They brought Samson" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/26.md b/jdg/16/26.md index 2139551b7a..1f5ed58b85 100644 --- a/jdg/16/26.md +++ b/jdg/16/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Permit me to touch the pillars on which the building rests "Allow me to touch the pillars which hold up the building" - diff --git a/jdg/16/27.md b/jdg/16/27.md index 56d7b77854..081d35ab40 100644 --- a/jdg/16/27.md +++ b/jdg/16/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a break in the main story while the writer tells # while Samson was entertaining them It is unclear what Samson did to entertain them. It seems the Philistines were making him do things that would humiliate him so that they could make fun of him. - diff --git a/jdg/16/28.md b/jdg/16/28.md index 7948f30ac0..5b16d87001 100644 --- a/jdg/16/28.md +++ b/jdg/16/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to remember him and his situation. Alternate translation: "remember m # in one blow on the Philistines This idiom means that he wants to have one more powerful act against the Philistines to get full revenge for what they did to him. Alternate translation: "with one strike against the Philistine" or "in one powerful act against the Philistines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/29.md b/jdg/16/29.md index c086aed670..e7a24fc836 100644 --- a/jdg/16/29.md +++ b/jdg/16/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on which the building rested "which held up the building" - diff --git a/jdg/16/30.md b/jdg/16/30.md index e06dafc56a..96160ad5ca 100644 --- a/jdg/16/30.md +++ b/jdg/16/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to people who are dead. Alternate translation: "the dead people" (Se # were more "were a greater amount" - diff --git a/jdg/16/31.md b/jdg/16/31.md index f8a70190a2..3a3f32e8d2 100644 --- a/jdg/16/31.md +++ b/jdg/16/31.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This same sentence is also in [Judges 15:20](../15/20.md). It is repeated here t # twenty years "20 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/16/intro.md b/jdg/16/intro.md index 033dcb4b5f..c330a3a9b2 100644 --- a/jdg/16/intro.md +++ b/jdg/16/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # Judges 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The account of Samson concludes in this chapter. +The account of Samson concludes in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Samson's mistake +### Samson's mistake -Samson mistakenly thought that he was the source of his strength. He did not realize that Yahweh had left him and without Yahweh, he had no strength. This was not Samson's only mistake. His foreign wife created most of his problems. +Samson mistakenly thought that he was the source of his strength. He did not realize that Yahweh had left him and without Yahweh, he had no strength. This was not Samson's only mistake. His foreign wife created most of his problems. ## Links: * __[Judges 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/17/01.md b/jdg/17/01.md index 8ebfcd1e89..d819a76a38 100644 --- a/jdg/17/01.md +++ b/jdg/17/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a way to introduce a new person to the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # Micah This is the name of a man. It is not the same man who wrote the book of Micah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/17/02.md b/jdg/17/02.md index 6e4ac3474e..3f1bea0612 100644 --- a/jdg/17/02.md +++ b/jdg/17/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which someone stole f # I stole it "I was the one who took it" - diff --git a/jdg/17/03.md b/jdg/17/03.md index 28a5511982..7482c50cef 100644 --- a/jdg/17/03.md +++ b/jdg/17/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ metal that has been melted and poured into a mold to form a special shape # I restore it to you "I give it back to you" - diff --git a/jdg/17/04.md b/jdg/17/04.md index c90dede135..6bf4b8b2a0 100644 --- a/jdg/17/04.md +++ b/jdg/17/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they were placed in the house of Micah The word "they" refers to the metal figures. This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Micah placed them in his house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/17/05.md b/jdg/17/05.md index c9e145f5ab..fe5a8cb35e 100644 --- a/jdg/17/05.md +++ b/jdg/17/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a house of idols This refers to a house used specifically for worshiping idols. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "a house for worshiping idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/17/06.md b/jdg/17/06.md index 658ef728a2..79c388df5a 100644 --- a/jdg/17/06.md +++ b/jdg/17/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everyone did what was right in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "each person did what he decided was right" or "each person did what he judged to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/17/07.md b/jdg/17/07.md index a2c018c4de..3321e3d342 100644 --- a/jdg/17/07.md +++ b/jdg/17/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that he was living among the family of Judah, that is, the tribe of J # He stayed there to fulfill his duties "He lived and worked there" - diff --git a/jdg/17/08.md b/jdg/17/08.md index 43d6569871..2f0106a879 100644 --- a/jdg/17/08.md +++ b/jdg/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # find a place to live "find a different place to live" - diff --git a/jdg/17/09.md b/jdg/17/09.md index 7a3fa75b10..43c890fede 100644 --- a/jdg/17/09.md +++ b/jdg/17/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where I might live It is implied that he is looking for a place to live and work. Alternate translation: "where I might live and have a job" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/17/10.md b/jdg/17/10.md index 587fcb8966..908d5de616 100644 --- a/jdg/17/10.md +++ b/jdg/17/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "father" is here used in the sense of an advisor, and not to a literal # So the Levite went into his house It is implied that the Levite accepted Micah's offer, and therefore, entered Micah's house. Alternate translation: "So the Levite accepted his offer and went into his house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/17/11.md b/jdg/17/11.md index 42125459e4..a1b957bfb5 100644 --- a/jdg/17/11.md +++ b/jdg/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the young man became to Micah like one of his sons The relationship between the Levite and Micah became like the close relationship between a father and son. Alternate translation: "the young man became close to Micah and was like one of his sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jdg/17/12.md b/jdg/17/12.md index 2983c4355b..511255a32a 100644 --- a/jdg/17/12.md +++ b/jdg/17/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "set apart" means that Micah "dedicated" or "ordained" him. Alternate trans # was in Micah's house Here living in Micah's house is spoken of as "being" in his house. Alternate translation: "lived in Micah's house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/17/13.md b/jdg/17/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/17/13.md +++ b/jdg/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/17/intro.md b/jdg/17/intro.md index ba3a3fa0b1..25398f2169 100644 --- a/jdg/17/intro.md +++ b/jdg/17/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Judges 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter begins a section explaining how Israel came to have a king. +This chapter begins a section explaining how Israel came to have a king. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Idols and figures +### Idols and figures According to the law of Moses, the Israelites were prohibited from making wooden figures or cast metal idols. This was a form of idolatry. This practice was common in Canaan and it shows the influence the Israelites allowed these people to have on them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ According to the law of Moses, the Israelites were prohibited from making wooden * __[Judges 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/18/01.md b/jdg/18/01.md index d86fc6e324..082ebfce77 100644 --- a/jdg/18/01.md +++ b/jdg/18/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is background information about Israel and the people of the tribe of Dan. # not received any inheritance from This refers specifically to land inherited where they would live. Alternate translation: "not received a land inheritance from" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/02.md b/jdg/18/02.md index e6749702b5..3108cefd5c 100644 --- a/jdg/18/02.md +++ b/jdg/18/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "on foot" means to walk. Alternate translation: "to scout the land by # Micah See how you translated this man's name in [Judges 17:1](../17/01.md). - diff --git a/jdg/18/03.md b/jdg/18/03.md index 9114ee2b7b..42fef5b7b8 100644 --- a/jdg/18/03.md +++ b/jdg/18/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they recognized the speech of the young Levite They recognized the man by the sound of his voice. Here "speech" refers to his "voice." Alternate translation: "they heard the young Levite talking, and they recognized his voice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/04.md b/jdg/18/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/18/04.md +++ b/jdg/18/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/18/05.md b/jdg/18/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/18/05.md +++ b/jdg/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/18/06.md b/jdg/18/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/18/06.md +++ b/jdg/18/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/18/07.md b/jdg/18/07.md index b19c42a111..a6f4b568bb 100644 --- a/jdg/18/07.md +++ b/jdg/18/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # had no dealings with anyone "had no contact with any outsiders." This means they lived far enough away from any other city that they lived secluded from other people. - diff --git a/jdg/18/08.md b/jdg/18/08.md index e8516372bd..18d061bd69 100644 --- a/jdg/18/08.md +++ b/jdg/18/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md # Eshtaol Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md). - diff --git a/jdg/18/09.md b/jdg/18/09.md index 45134b3705..7d87f819a2 100644 --- a/jdg/18/09.md +++ b/jdg/18/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is asked sarcastically and means that they should be do # Do not be slow to attack "Hurry! Attack" - diff --git a/jdg/18/10.md b/jdg/18/10.md index 19ea2a8478..d6ed0a0ce1 100644 --- a/jdg/18/10.md +++ b/jdg/18/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The men use a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize that it is a very desirab # that does not lack anything "that has everything" - diff --git a/jdg/18/11.md b/jdg/18/11.md index f7629be788..4b41cb93bc 100644 --- a/jdg/18/11.md +++ b/jdg/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Six hundred men "600 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/12.md b/jdg/18/12.md index b2f55004ef..af0ddc5ad1 100644 --- a/jdg/18/12.md +++ b/jdg/18/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [Judges 13:25](../13/25. # to this day This means that something remains the same. It refers to the "present" time. Alternate translation: "and that is still its name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/13.md b/jdg/18/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/18/13.md +++ b/jdg/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/18/14.md b/jdg/18/14.md index 5042a49426..5524eef1a4 100644 --- a/jdg/18/14.md +++ b/jdg/18/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The five men asked this question to suggest and encourage the men that they shou # in these houses there are "in one of these house there is" or "among these houses is" - diff --git a/jdg/18/15.md b/jdg/18/15.md index 34d07a6bf6..c311592eb3 100644 --- a/jdg/18/15.md +++ b/jdg/18/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they greeted him The word "him" refers to the Levite. - diff --git a/jdg/18/16.md b/jdg/18/16.md index 4b2a8859f2..2b29559fd0 100644 --- a/jdg/18/16.md +++ b/jdg/18/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # six hundred Danites "600 Danites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/17.md b/jdg/18/17.md index 3920f6aa30..88ab19d69a 100644 --- a/jdg/18/17.md +++ b/jdg/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # six hundred men "600 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/18.md b/jdg/18/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/18/18.md +++ b/jdg/18/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/18/19.md b/jdg/18/19.md index 4beab329c4..9c4e1a86f9 100644 --- a/jdg/18/19.md +++ b/jdg/18/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is it better for you to be priest for the house of one man ... a clan in Israel? They ask this as a rhetorical question to imply that it is true. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "It is better for you to be priest for a tribe and a clan in Israel than for just the house of one man." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/20.md b/jdg/18/20.md index b1dece6794..e2b1ade534 100644 --- a/jdg/18/20.md +++ b/jdg/18/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The priest's heart was glad Here the priest is referred to by his "heart" to emphasize his emotions. Alternate translation: "The priest was glad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/21.md b/jdg/18/21.md index 0b8496997c..060e388c7a 100644 --- a/jdg/18/21.md +++ b/jdg/18/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They traveled this way to protect the children. If Micah and his people attacked # they turned "the Danites turned around" - diff --git a/jdg/18/22.md b/jdg/18/22.md index 12502f6ad9..cc8ea9ed1c 100644 --- a/jdg/18/22.md +++ b/jdg/18/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he called together th # they caught up with the Danites This implies that they ran after them. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "running after the Danites, they caught up with them" - diff --git a/jdg/18/23.md b/jdg/18/23.md index 0c9e01bb2f..c0e4821a12 100644 --- a/jdg/18/23.md +++ b/jdg/18/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is a rebuke. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate transl # been called together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "called these men together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/24.md b/jdg/18/24.md index b5d51fad31..51ab32eb34 100644 --- a/jdg/18/24.md +++ b/jdg/18/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Micah asks this question to emphasize that he no longer has the things that are # How can you ask me, 'What is bothering you?' Micah asks this question to emphasize that the Danites definitely know what is bothering him. Alternate translation: "You know that I am greatly distressed!'" or "You know how much I am bothered by what you have done to me!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/25.md b/jdg/18/25.md index bd0f291455..fce7c148c7 100644 --- a/jdg/18/25.md +++ b/jdg/18/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "anything" refers to any information about the Danites coming to Micah' # you and your family will be killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "kill you and your family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/26.md b/jdg/18/26.md index 7994a3e25f..06f04acabe 100644 --- a/jdg/18/26.md +++ b/jdg/18/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that they continued on their journey. Alternate translation: "continu # they were too strong for him This refers to the Danites being too strong for Micah and his men to fight against. Alternate translation: "they were too strong for him and his men to fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/27.md b/jdg/18/27.md index 413b88669a..77b8e016fe 100644 --- a/jdg/18/27.md +++ b/jdg/18/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md). # with the edge of the sword "with their swords." Here "the sword" represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/28.md b/jdg/18/28.md index d6bc44a6c0..8facff05c2 100644 --- a/jdg/18/28.md +++ b/jdg/18/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ this means they lived far enough away from any other city, that they lived seclu # Beth Rehob This is a name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/29.md b/jdg/18/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/18/29.md +++ b/jdg/18/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/18/30.md b/jdg/18/30.md index 19c4de982b..831fab6cf1 100644 --- a/jdg/18/30.md +++ b/jdg/18/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of the young Levite who used to serve as priest for Micah. This # until the day of the land's captivity This refers to a time later on when the people of Dan would be captured by their enemies. Here the land being conquered is spoken of as if it were a prisoner taken captive by an enemy. Alternate translation: "until the day that their enemies conquered their land" or "until the day that their enemies took them captive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/31.md b/jdg/18/31.md index 6eb5ba92dd..27c4eff60b 100644 --- a/jdg/18/31.md +++ b/jdg/18/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that he made Micah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them for him. Alternate translation: "that had been made for him" or "that his craftsman made for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/18/intro.md b/jdg/18/intro.md index 146be6d1b7..681a33d07f 100644 --- a/jdg/18/intro.md +++ b/jdg/18/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Judges 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The tribe of Dan +### The tribe of Dan The tribe of Dan lacked faith in Yahweh and had yet to conquer its inheritance. In this chapter, they begin to conquer their land, but they also started to worship an idol. Their conquering of the land is much different than the other tribes' victories. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ The tribe of Dan lacked faith in Yahweh and had yet to conquer its inheritance. * __[Judges 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/19/01.md b/jdg/19/01.md index f34ba389fd..4e6a21049b 100644 --- a/jdg/19/01.md +++ b/jdg/19/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase introduces the beginning of another event in the story. (See: [[rc:/ # remote far from where most people live - diff --git a/jdg/19/02.md b/jdg/19/02.md index f17c9a3810..83d66f6ee4 100644 --- a/jdg/19/02.md +++ b/jdg/19/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # acted like a prostitute against him This means that she was unfaithful in their relationship and that she began to have sexual relations with other men. This can be stated explicitly if necessary. Alternate translation: "began to have sexual relations with other men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/03.md b/jdg/19/03.md index e31e611265..8387a669bb 100644 --- a/jdg/19/03.md +++ b/jdg/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # His servant was with him, and a yoke of donkeys "He took with him his servant and two donkeys" - diff --git a/jdg/19/04.md b/jdg/19/04.md index 50f99221ea..61edc09a21 100644 --- a/jdg/19/04.md +++ b/jdg/19/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # persuaded him to stay "spoke to him so he decided to stay" - diff --git a/jdg/19/05.md b/jdg/19/05.md index 7f044e14ec..db75732585 100644 --- a/jdg/19/05.md +++ b/jdg/19/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the Levite prepared # Strengthen yourself with a bit of bread Here "bread" refers to "food." Alternate translation: "Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/06.md b/jdg/19/06.md index ad00f394c3..54203763dc 100644 --- a/jdg/19/06.md +++ b/jdg/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Please be willing to spend the night "Please stay another night" - diff --git a/jdg/19/07.md b/jdg/19/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/19/07.md +++ b/jdg/19/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/19/08.md b/jdg/19/08.md index 5d5b5513d6..245a017618 100644 --- a/jdg/19/08.md +++ b/jdg/19/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Strengthen yourself, and wait until the afternoon The father-in-law is suggesting that he strengthen himself by eating. He is also asking him to wait until the afternoon to leave. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel, and wait until afternoon to leave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/09.md b/jdg/19/09.md index dd582207dd..32bf674bcb 100644 --- a/jdg/19/09.md +++ b/jdg/19/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hea # the day is advancing toward evening "the day is almost over" or "it is almost evening" - diff --git a/jdg/19/10.md b/jdg/19/10.md index e24b8c5f47..64ea52a709 100644 --- a/jdg/19/10.md +++ b/jdg/19/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that is Jerusalem "which was later called Jerusalem" - diff --git a/jdg/19/11.md b/jdg/19/11.md index ca92f2167c..15c3cc2922 100644 --- a/jdg/19/11.md +++ b/jdg/19/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom used to make a suggestion. Alternate translation: "I suggest th # turn aside to This means to take a break from their journey and stop somewhere along the route. Alternate translation: "stop at" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/12.md b/jdg/19/12.md index ad01421e96..d64a5bf1cd 100644 --- a/jdg/19/12.md +++ b/jdg/19/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turn aside into This means to take a break from their journey and stop at a place along the route. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Judges 19:11](../19/11.md). Alternate translation: "stop at" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/13.md b/jdg/19/13.md index cc6813738c..59bd71d6b8 100644 --- a/jdg/19/13.md +++ b/jdg/19/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Come, let us This is an idiom used to make a suggestion. Alternate translation: "I suggest that we" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/14.md b/jdg/19/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/19/14.md +++ b/jdg/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/19/15.md b/jdg/19/15.md index cd467b00a4..4b1c1aa196 100644 --- a/jdg/19/15.md +++ b/jdg/19/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the marketplace where people gathered during the day # took them into his house This phrase means for someone to invite them to spend the night in their home. Alternate translation: "invited them to stay in their house for that night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/16.md b/jdg/19/16.md index 38b453ebb2..508988ed32 100644 --- a/jdg/19/16.md +++ b/jdg/19/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Benjamites A Benjamite was a descendant of Benjamin. See how you translated the name of this people group in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md). - diff --git a/jdg/19/17.md b/jdg/19/17.md index 63851b634d..1438bfb9d7 100644 --- a/jdg/19/17.md +++ b/jdg/19/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the man looked up and paid attention to what was around him. Alternate tran # the city square the marketplace where people gathered during the day. See how you translated this in [Judges 19:14](../19/14.md). - diff --git a/jdg/19/18.md b/jdg/19/18.md index f673fcca8b..ce21162b27 100644 --- a/jdg/19/18.md +++ b/jdg/19/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to someone inviting other people into his house to spend the # will take me Here the Levite says "me," but he is actually referring to himself along with his servant and his concubine. Alternate translation: "will take us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/19.md b/jdg/19/19.md index ddbbd17fa2..e24412e330 100644 --- a/jdg/19/19.md +++ b/jdg/19/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Levite speaks of himself and the others as servants and in the third person # We lack nothing This can be written as a positive statement. Alternate translation: "We have everything we need" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/20.md b/jdg/19/20.md index 1438b17987..06502e25db 100644 --- a/jdg/19/20.md +++ b/jdg/19/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # square This refers to the city square. See how you translated this [Judges 19:17](../19/17.md). - diff --git a/jdg/19/21.md b/jdg/19/21.md index a0f28270b0..3187d96a3b 100644 --- a/jdg/19/21.md +++ b/jdg/19/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brought the Levite into his house This means that he invited the Levite to spend the night in his house. Also, by inviting the Levite he was inviting the man's concubine and servant as well. Alternate translation: "invited the Levite and his servants to stay in his house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/22.md b/jdg/19/22.md index 4540fbc18b..50db2972dc 100644 --- a/jdg/19/22.md +++ b/jdg/19/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some men stood on all sides of the house. # so we can know him The phrase "know him" is a polite way of saying "have sexual relations with him." The men probably were not trying to be polite. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/23.md b/jdg/19/23.md index af8cfb4243..2e8770b1c2 100644 --- a/jdg/19/23.md +++ b/jdg/19/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # act of disgraceful folly a senseless, disgraceful act - diff --git a/jdg/19/24.md b/jdg/19/24.md index db88af6b41..3cfde429d0 100644 --- a/jdg/19/24.md +++ b/jdg/19/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used to get the peoples' attention. Alternate translation: "Listen" # act of disgraceful folly a senseless, disgraceful act. See how you translated this in [Judges 19:23](../19/23.md) - diff --git a/jdg/19/25.md b/jdg/19/25.md index 870c349f1c..20ca2644ea 100644 --- a/jdg/19/25.md +++ b/jdg/19/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ there could be confusion as to the identity of the man. Alternate translation: " # at dawn "when the sun was coming up" or "at first light" This refers to when the sun begins to rise. - diff --git a/jdg/19/26.md b/jdg/19/26.md index 845a4fd41a..8fbcee6b27 100644 --- a/jdg/19/26.md +++ b/jdg/19/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it was light This refers to morning when it is bright outside. Alternate translation: "the sun was fully risen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/27.md b/jdg/19/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/19/27.md +++ b/jdg/19/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/19/28.md b/jdg/19/28.md index 2485ff3784..b9774a7015 100644 --- a/jdg/19/28.md +++ b/jdg/19/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But there was no answer The woman did not answer because she was dead. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "But she did not answer because she was dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/29.md b/jdg/19/29.md index 3f6bdb663d..a0553ca8a1 100644 --- a/jdg/19/29.md +++ b/jdg/19/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # sent the pieces everywhere throughout Israel This means that he sent sent the different pieces to twelve different areas of Israel. Alternate translation: "sent each piece to a different place throughout Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/19/30.md b/jdg/19/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/19/30.md +++ b/jdg/19/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/19/intro.md b/jdg/19/intro.md index 144d962ca0..91ff852ec7 100644 --- a/jdg/19/intro.md +++ b/jdg/19/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Judges 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The sin of Benjamin -#### The sin of Benjamin People from a village of the tribe of Benjamin raped a visitor's wife to death. This was very evil, especially in the ancient Near East. The people of Israel considered mistreatment of a guest one of the worst crimes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ People from a village of the tribe of Benjamin raped a visitor's wife to death. * __[Judges 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/20/01.md b/jdg/20/01.md index 834daac2f8..d4bf26d59f 100644 --- a/jdg/20/01.md +++ b/jdg/20/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This simile speaks of the group as acting as a single person. It refers to a gro # from Dan to Beersheba This refers to the land as a whole. Alternate translation: "from all the eleven tribes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/02.md b/jdg/20/02.md index fdccea0655..3eaeceec89 100644 --- a/jdg/20/02.md +++ b/jdg/20/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # ready to fight "capable of going to war." They were not going to fight each other. - diff --git a/jdg/20/03.md b/jdg/20/03.md index b962345af6..2052d321cb 100644 --- a/jdg/20/03.md +++ b/jdg/20/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the author of the # had gone up to Mizpah Mizpah was located high in the mountains. - diff --git a/jdg/20/04.md b/jdg/20/04.md index 8c58560220..1dc86f9985 100644 --- a/jdg/20/04.md +++ b/jdg/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to spend the night "for the night" or "to stay for a night" - diff --git a/jdg/20/05.md b/jdg/20/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/20/05.md +++ b/jdg/20/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/20/06.md b/jdg/20/06.md index 3a7c1f04b3..e7230ccc48 100644 --- a/jdg/20/06.md +++ b/jdg/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "act of disgraceful folly" describes the "wickedness." Alternate tran # act of disgraceful folly a senseless, disgraceful act. See how you translated this in [Judges 19:23](../19/23.md) - diff --git a/jdg/20/07.md b/jdg/20/07.md index 0c115e155b..0a667fb0c4 100644 --- a/jdg/20/07.md +++ b/jdg/20/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used to introduce the conclusion of the speech of the Levite. # give your advice and counsel here The words "advice" and "counsel" refer to the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. They can be combined. Alternate translation: "decide what we need to do about this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/08.md b/jdg/20/08.md index 8c973d4161..32dc12ca3a 100644 --- a/jdg/20/08.md +++ b/jdg/20/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This simile speaks of the group as acting as a single person. They all acted tog # None of us will go to his tent ... none of us will return to his house These two clauses say basically the same thing twice for emphasis. They can be combined. The words "none ... go" and "none ... return" emphasizes how the people will continue to stay there. They can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "We will all stay here" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/09.md b/jdg/20/09.md index 703f0e0d8a..66280d3b23 100644 --- a/jdg/20/09.md +++ b/jdg/20/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words introduce the main portion of what the people say after the initial # as the lot directs This involved tossing or rolling small marked stones to determine what God wants. - diff --git a/jdg/20/10.md b/jdg/20/10.md index 405154755b..541945f8a9 100644 --- a/jdg/20/10.md +++ b/jdg/20/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ food and other things the people need # act of disgraceful folly a senseless, disgraceful act. See how you translated this in [Judges 19:23](../19/23.md) - diff --git a/jdg/20/11.md b/jdg/20/11.md index 09e0774904..84d008de00 100644 --- a/jdg/20/11.md +++ b/jdg/20/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # assembled against the city "came together to attack the city" - diff --git a/jdg/20/12.md b/jdg/20/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/20/12.md +++ b/jdg/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/20/13.md b/jdg/20/13.md index 33bf62fe83..f47ddb7094 100644 --- a/jdg/20/13.md +++ b/jdg/20/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "kill them" or "execute them" (See: [[r # the voice of their brothers Here "voice" refers to the message that they spoke. Alternate translation: "what their brother said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/14.md b/jdg/20/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/20/14.md +++ b/jdg/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/20/15.md b/jdg/20/15.md index e439c72927..2c703c96cd 100644 --- a/jdg/20/15.md +++ b/jdg/20/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # seven hundred "700" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/16.md b/jdg/20/16.md index b3252acc87..77ede65e71 100644 --- a/jdg/20/16.md +++ b/jdg/20/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A left-handed person is someone who is more skilled with their left hand than wi # could sling a stone at a hair and not miss This show how amazingly well they could aim and hit their target. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "could throw a stone at even a hair and hit it" or "could throw a stone at something as small as a hair and hit it" - diff --git a/jdg/20/17.md b/jdg/20/17.md index 8d2ad4c8ba..061c55f36b 100644 --- a/jdg/20/17.md +++ b/jdg/20/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 400,000 "four hundred thousand men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/18.md b/jdg/20/18.md index 3ee6220788..5f4c295a76 100644 --- a/jdg/20/18.md +++ b/jdg/20/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # asked for advice from God "asked God what to do" or "asked God how to continue" - diff --git a/jdg/20/19.md b/jdg/20/19.md index 0c8f3883da..fba6748345 100644 --- a/jdg/20/19.md +++ b/jdg/20/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # moved their camp near Gibeah There is some question about the meaning of the Hebrew text. Instead of meaning that they set up their camp near Gibeah, it could mean that the army went out and stood across from Gibeah ready to fight. - diff --git a/jdg/20/20.md b/jdg/20/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/20/20.md +++ b/jdg/20/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/20/21.md b/jdg/20/21.md index b64f915e6b..6a603e3f4b 100644 --- a/jdg/20/21.md +++ b/jdg/20/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-two thousand "22,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/22.md b/jdg/20/22.md index 625d05f0cf..8ea84bdc24 100644 --- a/jdg/20/22.md +++ b/jdg/20/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "strengthened" is an idiom that means they encouraged each other. (See: [[r # they formed the battle line This probably means that the Israelites prepared their battle lines for the next day's fighting. Alternate translation: "they got ready to fight the next day" - diff --git a/jdg/20/23.md b/jdg/20/23.md index 3cf2e46910..d5b9c12131 100644 --- a/jdg/20/23.md +++ b/jdg/20/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they sought direction from Yahweh The method they used is not stated. The priest may have cast lots to determine God's will. - diff --git a/jdg/20/24.md b/jdg/20/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/20/24.md +++ b/jdg/20/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/20/25.md b/jdg/20/25.md index e20227c13e..5590af3f5d 100644 --- a/jdg/20/25.md +++ b/jdg/20/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # eighteen thousand "18,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/26.md b/jdg/20/26.md index 847e8fccfb..06141af759 100644 --- a/jdg/20/26.md +++ b/jdg/20/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before Yahweh "in Yahweh's presence" or "to Yahweh" - diff --git a/jdg/20/27.md b/jdg/20/27.md index 51c152a46b..5dbbf56fed 100644 --- a/jdg/20/27.md +++ b/jdg/20/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is background information that the author inserted to help the reader under # was there in those days "was at Bethel in those days" - diff --git a/jdg/20/28.md b/jdg/20/28.md index 2dd1216941..ac857d3d9b 100644 --- a/jdg/20/28.md +++ b/jdg/20/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # Attack The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Attack the army of Benjamin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/29.md b/jdg/20/29.md index c41018a283..3fcff4a0c2 100644 --- a/jdg/20/29.md +++ b/jdg/20/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "the Israel # secret places "in ambush" - diff --git a/jdg/20/30.md b/jdg/20/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/20/30.md +++ b/jdg/20/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/20/31.md b/jdg/20/31.md index 5139c81f2b..149d04ff20 100644 --- a/jdg/20/31.md +++ b/jdg/20/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel # They began to kill some of the people The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "The people of Benjamin began to kill some of the men of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/32.md b/jdg/20/32.md index 21fb057692..162161eb8a 100644 --- a/jdg/20/32.md +++ b/jdg/20/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # just as at first "just as before" or "just like the first two times" - diff --git a/jdg/20/33.md b/jdg/20/33.md index 8ec2e02558..629dd80f1c 100644 --- a/jdg/20/33.md +++ b/jdg/20/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Maareh Gibeah This is the name of a place. Other translations may read "fields of Gibeah" or "west of Gibeah" or "Maareh Geba." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/34.md b/jdg/20/34.md index 795a4cb11b..25adad86cd 100644 --- a/jdg/20/34.md +++ b/jdg/20/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that means these were particularly good soldiers. Alternate tra # disaster was close to them Here immanent disaster is spoken of as if it was standing very close by them. Alternate translation: "they would soon be completely defeated" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/35.md b/jdg/20/35.md index 2e982c3efd..2040815fb6 100644 --- a/jdg/20/35.md +++ b/jdg/20/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # men of Benjamin "soldiers of Benjamin" - diff --git a/jdg/20/36.md b/jdg/20/36.md index 5c611405fa..7895670eb6 100644 --- a/jdg/20/36.md +++ b/jdg/20/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ From this sentence until the end of verse 41 is background information that the # had given ground to Benjamin This is an idiom that means they intentionally retreated. Alternate translation: "had allowed Benjamin to move forward" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/37.md b/jdg/20/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/20/37.md +++ b/jdg/20/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/20/38.md b/jdg/20/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/20/38.md +++ b/jdg/20/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/20/39.md b/jdg/20/39.md index 019d9c8649..acc82c0b14 100644 --- a/jdg/20/39.md +++ b/jdg/20/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This verse continues to give background information that the writer inserted to # they are defeated before us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we have defeated them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/40.md b/jdg/20/40.md index 480c663581..b157115187 100644 --- a/jdg/20/40.md +++ b/jdg/20/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This verse continues to give background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/41.md b/jdg/20/41.md index 60a7d01496..9356326cb2 100644 --- a/jdg/20/41.md +++ b/jdg/20/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ great harm, trouble, misery # come on them This idiom means it happened to them. Alternate translation: "happened to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/42.md b/jdg/20/42.md index bf82d1f086..6054457cf1 100644 --- a/jdg/20/42.md +++ b/jdg/20/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But the fighting overtook them This speaks about fighting as if it were a person who could overtake someone. Alternate translation: "But the soldiers of Israel caught up to them" or "But they were not able to escape the fighting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/43.md b/jdg/20/43.md index 77e6dc0580..04f5c43c94 100644 --- a/jdg/20/43.md +++ b/jdg/20/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # trampled them down The completed destruction of the Benjamites is spoken of as if the Israelites stomped on their bodies. Alternate translation: "they completely destroyed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/44.md b/jdg/20/44.md index ad4291433e..f8e1299d36 100644 --- a/jdg/20/44.md +++ b/jdg/20/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # were distinguished in battle "had fought bravely in the battle" - diff --git a/jdg/20/45.md b/jdg/20/45.md index a8ee0b5fb0..2125312ef4 100644 --- a/jdg/20/45.md +++ b/jdg/20/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Gidom This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/46.md b/jdg/20/46.md index 7fb0040377..4b40d79b6d 100644 --- a/jdg/20/46.md +++ b/jdg/20/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-five thousand "25,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/47.md b/jdg/20/47.md index cb570aa7d3..7614af9a59 100644 --- a/jdg/20/47.md +++ b/jdg/20/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # six hundred "600" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jdg/20/48.md b/jdg/20/48.md index a575418ad9..f296665fc0 100644 --- a/jdg/20/48.md +++ b/jdg/20/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the entire city" refers to all the people in that city. Alternate translat # in their path "along the way" - diff --git a/jdg/20/intro.md b/jdg/20/intro.md index bd82b14cfb..8a67f3d48b 100644 --- a/jdg/20/intro.md +++ b/jdg/20/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Judges 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Benjamin destroyed +### Benjamin destroyed -The army of Israel destroys all the tribe of Benjamin except 600 men. After this point in time, the tribe of Benjamin becomes mostly insignificant. +The army of Israel destroys all the tribe of Benjamin except 600 men. After this point in time, the tribe of Benjamin becomes mostly insignificant. ## Links: * __[Judges 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jdg/21/01.md b/jdg/21/01.md index 07424807ef..3a5a7a32fd 100644 --- a/jdg/21/01.md +++ b/jdg/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This background information tells the reader about the promise that the Israelit # Benjamite This is the name of the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md). - diff --git a/jdg/21/02.md b/jdg/21/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/21/02.md +++ b/jdg/21/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/21/03.md b/jdg/21/03.md index 08bc14e824..2300edec1e 100644 --- a/jdg/21/03.md +++ b/jdg/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why, Yahweh, God of Israel, has this happened to Israel, that one of our tribes should be missing today? The people of Israel used this rhetorical question to express their deep sadness. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Oh Yahweh, we are so sad that one of the tribes of Israel has been completely destroyed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/04.md b/jdg/21/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/21/04.md +++ b/jdg/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/21/05.md b/jdg/21/05.md index 21b0426e95..48ac545a90 100644 --- a/jdg/21/05.md +++ b/jdg/21/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is background information to explain to the reader the promise that the Isr # He would certainly be put to death Here "He" refers to anyone who did not go to Mizpah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We will certainly kill that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/06.md b/jdg/21/06.md index 72f2a2d1b3..fa8525e626 100644 --- a/jdg/21/06.md +++ b/jdg/21/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of the tribe of Benjamin as if it were Israel's brother to show thei # one tribe has been cut off from Israel The destruction of the tribe of Benjamin is spoken of as if it had been cut off from Israel by a knife. This was an exaggeration because 600 men were still left. However, the women of Benjamin had been killed, so the future of the tribe was in question. Alternate translation: "one tribe has been removed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/07.md b/jdg/21/07.md index 02650ab524..308f5c15ec 100644 --- a/jdg/21/07.md +++ b/jdg/21/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who will provide wives for those who are left, since we have made an oath to Yahweh that we will not let any of them marry our daughters? The Israelites wanted to provide wives for the few surviving Benjamites, but their promise at Mizpah prevented them from doing that. - diff --git a/jdg/21/08.md b/jdg/21/08.md index cc5a0ecc95..dc70cadc79 100644 --- a/jdg/21/08.md +++ b/jdg/21/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jabesh Gilead This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/09.md b/jdg/21/09.md index 8b41db6984..7224ac756d 100644 --- a/jdg/21/09.md +++ b/jdg/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # none of the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead were there This refers back to the earlier assembly at Mizpah. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "none of the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead had been present at Mizpah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/10.md b/jdg/21/10.md index 4362a7095d..bcf3387c98 100644 --- a/jdg/21/10.md +++ b/jdg/21/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The next verse will add an exception to this general instruction. # strike ... with the edge of the sword "kill ... with their swords" - diff --git a/jdg/21/11.md b/jdg/21/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/21/11.md +++ b/jdg/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/21/12.md b/jdg/21/12.md index 4a0bf75c7d..3c7f037d8d 100644 --- a/jdg/21/12.md +++ b/jdg/21/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Judges 21:8](../21/0 # who had not known a man by lying with him This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "who had not had sexual relations with a man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/13.md b/jdg/21/13.md index 20d0df3d61..dd3486b65d 100644 --- a/jdg/21/13.md +++ b/jdg/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they were offering them peace The abstract noun "peace" can be translated with a verb phrase. Alternate translation: "they wanted to stop fighting with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/14.md b/jdg/21/14.md index d255450571..cd94e6f5c0 100644 --- a/jdg/21/14.md +++ b/jdg/21/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Judges 21:8](../21/0 # there were not enough women for all of them There were six hundred Benjamite men, and only four hundred women from Jabesh Gilead. - diff --git a/jdg/21/15.md b/jdg/21/15.md index 7ef94b1504..3bc9227259 100644 --- a/jdg/21/15.md +++ b/jdg/21/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # made a division between the tribes of Israel "had caused the tribes of Israel not to be unified" - diff --git a/jdg/21/16.md b/jdg/21/16.md index 552c64713a..dedfbb1964 100644 --- a/jdg/21/16.md +++ b/jdg/21/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Judg # the women of Benjamin have been killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we killed all the Benjamite women" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/17.md b/jdg/21/17.md index 5a7f99ee90..72be068b6a 100644 --- a/jdg/21/17.md +++ b/jdg/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There must be an inheritance ... is not destroyed from Israel The Israelites are exaggerating. They had already given wives to four hundred of the Benjamites, so the tribe would not be completely destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/18.md b/jdg/21/18.md index 203c189798..89cb71b770 100644 --- a/jdg/21/18.md +++ b/jdg/21/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a wife to Benjamin Here Benjamin refers to the male descendants of Benjamin. Alternate translation: "a wife to the men of Benjamin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/19.md b/jdg/21/19.md index acfe07c325..2463c7940a 100644 --- a/jdg/21/19.md +++ b/jdg/21/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is background information to explain to the reader where the city of Shiloh # Lebonah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/20.md b/jdg/21/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/21/20.md +++ b/jdg/21/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/21/21.md b/jdg/21/21.md index abec2c786c..64ce9fab72 100644 --- a/jdg/21/21.md +++ b/jdg/21/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # each one of you should grab a wife ... go back to the land of Benjamin It it understood that the Benjamites would take these women back to their own land with them. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "each one of you should seize one of the girls of Shiloh, and then take her back with you to the land of Benjamin to become your wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/22.md b/jdg/21/22.md index 71505e7426..b5dd1756f8 100644 --- a/jdg/21/22.md +++ b/jdg/21/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # You are innocent ... not give your daughters to them This refers to the men of Shiloh. They did not voluntarily give their daughters to the Benjamites, and therefore did not break their promise not to do that. - diff --git a/jdg/21/23.md b/jdg/21/23.md index cae8dbc8cf..15000a6d70 100644 --- a/jdg/21/23.md +++ b/jdg/21/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the number of wives that they needed This refers to one wife for each of the two hundred Benjamite men who did not receive wives from Jabesh Gilead ([Judges 21:14](../21/14.md)). - diff --git a/jdg/21/24.md b/jdg/21/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jdg/21/24.md +++ b/jdg/21/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jdg/21/25.md b/jdg/21/25.md index 34518c6737..f682aae791 100644 --- a/jdg/21/25.md +++ b/jdg/21/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what was right in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "what he judged to be right" or "what he considered to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jdg/21/intro.md b/jdg/21/intro.md index e1efeb396b..c867a5785d 100644 --- a/jdg/21/intro.md +++ b/jdg/21/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Judges 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter concludes the account of the previous chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Sin and immorality +### Sin and immorality At the end of Judges, there is much sin and immorality. The people are doing wrong and fixing their wrongs by doing more evil things. This period of Judges is typified by this final account and summarized by the statement, "everyone did what was right in his own eyes." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ At the end of Judges, there is much sin and immorality. The people are doing wro * __[Judges 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/jdg/front/intro.md b/jdg/front/intro.md index 8d544d4ef2..fb8d560929 100644 --- a/jdg/front/intro.md +++ b/jdg/front/intro.md @@ -5,14 +5,16 @@ ### Outline of Judges 1. History of the judges of Israel (1:1–16:31) - - Introduction (1:1-3:6) - - Othniel, Ehud, and Shamgar (3:7–31) - - Deborah and Barak (4:1–5:31) - - Gideon (6:1–8:35) - - Abimelech, Tola, and Jair (9:1–10:5) - - Jephthah (10:6-12:7) - - Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon (12:8-15) - - Samson (13:1–16:31) + + - Introduction (1:1-3:6) + - Othniel, Ehud, and Shamgar (3:7–31) + - Deborah and Barak (4:1–5:31) + - Gideon (6:1–8:35) + - Abimelech, Tola, and Jair (9:1–10:5) + - Jephthah (10:6-12:7) + - Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon (12:8-15) + - Samson (13:1–16:31) + 1. The account of Micah and his idols (17:1–18:31) 1. The account of Gibeah; the other Israelites take revenge (19:1–21:25) @@ -48,11 +50,10 @@ During this time, Israel struggled to remain faithful to Yahweh. The best judges ### What is the meaning of the phrase "in those days there was no king in Israel, and everyone did what was right in his own eyes"? -This phrase occurs twice in the book of Judges. Shorter versions of the phrase occur two other times. These phrases imply that the writer or editor of this book was alive at a later time when there was a king in Israel. They also seem to imply that the writer thought that things were not good in Israel because there was no king. +This phrase occurs twice in the book of Judges. Shorter versions of the phrase occur two other times. These phrases imply that the writer or editor of this book was alive at a later time when there was a king in Israel. They also seem to imply that the writer thought that things were not good in Israel because there was no king. The translation of these phrases should imply to the reader that the book's writer is looking back into the past. ### What is the meaning of the phrase "to this day"? The narrator used this phrase to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that "to this day" refers to a time already passed. The translator must avoid giving the impression that the present day of the translation's readers is meant. The translator might decide to say, "to this day, at the time when this is being written," or, "to this day, at the time of writing." This Hebrew phrase occurs in Judges 1:21, 26; 6:24; 10:4; 15:19; 18:12. - diff --git a/jer/01/01.md b/jer/01/01.md index 6e2c51528d..f07151a6c8 100644 --- a/jer/01/01.md +++ b/jer/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the land of Benjamin "the land that belongs to the tribe of Benjamin" - diff --git a/jer/01/02.md b/jer/01/02.md index cd59e26ab6..082376f3a5 100644 --- a/jer/01/02.md +++ b/jer/01/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # his reign "Josiah's reign" - diff --git a/jer/01/03.md b/jer/01/03.md index 843c381c57..ba4f8f7ed5 100644 --- a/jer/01/03.md +++ b/jer/01/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the rule of Zedekiah. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate tr # when the people of Jerusalem were taken away as prisoners This can be stated in active form. It can be stated clearly that they were taken to Babylon. Alternate translation: "when the army of Babylon took the people of Jerusalem away as prisoners" or "when the army of Babylon took the people of Jerusalem as prisoners to Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/04.md b/jer/01/04.md index b820b54c5a..7231505b09 100644 --- a/jer/01/04.md +++ b/jer/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came to me, saying This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave me a message. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/05.md b/jer/01/05.md index a47add9937..fe91c72ae4 100644 --- a/jer/01/05.md +++ b/jer/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # before you came out from the womb This can also be expressed without referring to the womb. Alternate translation: "before you were born" - diff --git a/jer/01/06.md b/jer/01/06.md index 0dc2c0e27c..d398fdd773 100644 --- a/jer/01/06.md +++ b/jer/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Ah" shows Jeremiah's fear of doing what God has said. # I do not know how to speak Jeremiah may have been exaggerating to show his fear of speaking in public. Alternate translation: "I do not know how to speak in public" or "I do not know how to make announcements to people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/07.md b/jer/01/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/01/07.md +++ b/jer/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/01/08.md b/jer/01/08.md index 5fda64eb1e..c21c4d749c 100644 --- a/jer/01/08.md +++ b/jer/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "this" refers to what Yahweh just said in verses 7 and 8. # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/09.md b/jer/01/09.md index 1555f419cb..97a5a84921 100644 --- a/jer/01/09.md +++ b/jer/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor representing Yahweh giving Jeremiah # I have placed my word in your mouth This phrase represents giving Jeremiah his message. Alternate translation: "I have given you my message for you to speak to the people" or "I have enabled you to tell the people my message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/10.md b/jer/01/10.md index 548b78c05d..e6c7d2d0f0 100644 --- a/jer/01/10.md +++ b/jer/01/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jeremiah uses these words, which mean almost the same thing, to show that this w # to build and plant God speaks of Jeremiah causing nations to become strong as if they were a building and he would build them, and as if they were plants and he would plant them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/11.md b/jer/01/11.md index eee87bdfef..7a6dae2d1f 100644 --- a/jer/01/11.md +++ b/jer/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh shows Jeremiah a spiritual vision. # an almond branch An almond tree is a kind of nut tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/12.md b/jer/01/12.md index dcc06fe30f..e9bd0fd707 100644 --- a/jer/01/12.md +++ b/jer/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents guaranteeing that he will do what he has said. Alternate transla # for I am watching over my word The Hebrew words for "almond" and "watch over" sound almost the same. God wants Jeremiah to remember that God will make his word succeed. - diff --git a/jer/01/13.md b/jer/01/13.md index 236c7e092e..579f1cba03 100644 --- a/jer/01/13.md +++ b/jer/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The surface refers to the surface of the water in the pot. Jeremiah could see th # tipping away from the north This means that it was tipping toward the south, where Jeremiah was in Judah. - diff --git a/jer/01/14.md b/jer/01/14.md index 5e6016e0ba..8bd5f4da8b 100644 --- a/jer/01/14.md +++ b/jer/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Disaster will be opened up out of the north "Disaster will be let loose from the north." This represents God causing disaster to come from the north to the south. Alternate translation: "Disaster will come from the north" or "I will send disaster from the north" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/15.md b/jer/01/15.md index 39346d22df..71bed4d349 100644 --- a/jer/01/15.md +++ b/jer/01/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Setting their thrones "against all the walls that surround it" represents comman # against all the cities of Judah Setting their thrones "against all the cities of Judah" represents commanding their armies to destroy all the cities of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/16.md b/jer/01/16.md index fb8b95cc66..f80997ca99 100644 --- a/jer/01/16.md +++ b/jer/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # worshiping the works of their own hands Since the people had made the idols with their own hands, they should have known that the idols are not worthy of worship. - diff --git a/jer/01/17.md b/jer/01/17.md index 49f9fbcb1f..86410b229f 100644 --- a/jer/01/17.md +++ b/jer/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor is a command for Jeremiah to get ready to do what God commands him # Do not be shattered ... I will shatter you Here "be shattered" represents being extremely afraid, and "shatter" represents causing Jeremiah to be extremely afraid. Alternate translation: "Do not be terrified ... I will terrify you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/18.md b/jer/01/18.md index fd2b7b87a9..19e3f98bfc 100644 --- a/jer/01/18.md +++ b/jer/01/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These were the strongest materials known at that time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # the whole land This represents all the people of the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/19.md b/jer/01/19.md index 8ee8d30f54..5eb3a60d0a 100644 --- a/jer/01/19.md +++ b/jer/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the people of Judah. # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/01/intro.md b/jer/01/intro.md index 0e1a4a3a46..e6b7edb71b 100644 --- a/jer/01/intro.md +++ b/jer/01/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,22 @@ # Jeremiah 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:4-10. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Jeremiah appointed as prophet +### Jeremiah appointed as prophet God chose Jeremiah to be his prophet and although many powerful people would be against him, God promised to protect him. This chapter emphasizes that Jeremiah was chosen by God to be his prophet. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -#### Northern kingdom +### Northern kingdom + This was not a reference to the northern kingdom of Israel; it had already been conquered. It was a reference to a kingdom located north of Judah, that is, to Babylon. The Babylonian armies would attack Judah and conquer it. -#### Opposition -The people were supposed to listen to God's prophet. When he prophesied, they should have repented. Instead, they persecuted Jeremiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) +### Opposition + +The people were supposed to listen to God's prophet. When he prophesied, they should have repented. Instead, they persecuted Jeremiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +24,3 @@ The people were supposed to listen to God's prophet. When he prophesied, they sh * __[Jeremiah intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/02/01.md b/jer/02/01.md index 91baf099af..574ea1b9b4 100644 --- a/jer/02/01.md +++ b/jer/02/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came to me, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave me a message. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to me:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/02.md b/jer/02/02.md index c78a90f299..78b2cfeeba 100644 --- a/jer/02/02.md +++ b/jer/02/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God speaks of his relationship with the people of Israel as though they had been # the land that was not sown This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "the land where no one had sown seed" or "the land where no food was growing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/03.md b/jer/02/03.md index 5c1b8b0aac..03f845e770 100644 --- a/jer/02/03.md +++ b/jer/02/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "came upon them" is a metaphor for happened to them. Alternate transl # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/04.md b/jer/02/04.md index 63622a1849..02fd0c034b 100644 --- a/jer/02/04.md +++ b/jer/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants, who had become the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/05.md b/jer/02/05.md index 676a2496b5..e1243dc337 100644 --- a/jer/02/05.md +++ b/jer/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents choosing to be loyal to idols and worship them. Alternate transl # useless idols idols that people can use for nothing good. The translation should not make people think that there are some idols that are useful. - diff --git a/jer/02/06.md b/jer/02/06.md index 23a3f536b5..f79cfed3ab 100644 --- a/jer/02/06.md +++ b/jer/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This rhetorical question would have been used to show the people's need of Yahwe # a land of drought and utter darkness A "land of drought" is a land that does not have enough water. Here "utter darkness" is a metaphor for danger. Alternate translation: "a dangerous land where there is not enough water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/07.md b/jer/02/07.md index 3230bd8ab6..3424b21d67 100644 --- a/jer/02/07.md +++ b/jer/02/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "defiled" represents making the land unacceptable to God. They did this by # my inheritance Possible meanings are 1) God is speaking of his land as if he had inherited it. Alternate translation: "my land" or 2) God is speaking of the land he gave to Israel as if he had given it to them as an inheritance. Alternate translation: "the land I gave you" or "the land I gave you as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/08.md b/jer/02/08.md index c049dea4dd..a4c9b9159e 100644 --- a/jer/02/08.md +++ b/jer/02/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "walked after" represents obeying or worshiping. Alternate translation: "ob # unprofitable things Unprofitable things are things that cannot help a person. Here it refers to idols. - diff --git a/jer/02/09.md b/jer/02/09.md index c15b401d60..92a3c5fa78 100644 --- a/jer/02/09.md +++ b/jer/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your sons' sons "your future generations" - diff --git a/jer/02/10.md b/jer/02/10.md index aa49f0fee7..3db06b69fd 100644 --- a/jer/02/10.md +++ b/jer/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Send messengers out to Kedar Kedar is the name of a land far to the east of Israel. Alternate translation: "Send messengers far east to the land of Kedar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/11.md b/jer/02/11.md index ad309a9c36..4aff4ffe46 100644 --- a/jer/02/11.md +++ b/jer/02/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This expression refers to God himself, who is glorious. Alternate translation: " # for what cannot help Here false gods are spoken of in terms of what they cannot do. Alternate translation: "for false gods, which cannot help" or "for gods who cannot help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/12.md b/jer/02/12.md index 9ed13bb071..4fb73a0182 100644 --- a/jer/02/12.md +++ b/jer/02/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor speaks of horror as if it were desolation. Alternate translation: # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/13.md b/jer/02/13.md index 63305c3667..e28192e62e 100644 --- a/jer/02/13.md +++ b/jer/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of false gods as if they were cisterns that people dig in order to ge # cisterns deep holes for storing water - diff --git a/jer/02/14.md b/jer/02/14.md index 6d805128c9..42f4325ad0 100644 --- a/jer/02/14.md +++ b/jer/02/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to indicate that Israel should not have become plunder # So why has he become plunder Here "become plunder" represents being attacked and taken as captives to another country. Alternate translation: "So why has Israel been taken away as captives" or "So why have Israel's enemies taken Israel away as captives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/15.md b/jer/02/15.md index 75e18932bf..ec18e86273 100644 --- a/jer/02/15.md +++ b/jer/02/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They have destroyed I # inhabitants people who live in a certain place - diff --git a/jer/02/16.md b/jer/02/16.md index d2933105fb..d1a2f38056 100644 --- a/jer/02/16.md +++ b/jer/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Egyptians shaved the head of their slaves to mark them as slaves. # will shave your skull Some versions interpret the Hebrew text as "have cracked your skull." - diff --git a/jer/02/17.md b/jer/02/17.md index 2fe8a91894..a0731475d5 100644 --- a/jer/02/17.md +++ b/jer/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did you not do this to yourselves when you abandoned Yahweh your God, while he was leading you along the way? Yahweh uses this question to remind Israel that it is their own fault that their enemies attacked them. Alternate translation: "You caused this yourselves by abandoning Yahweh your God while he was leading you along the way." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/18.md b/jer/02/18.md index fc05d5e39e..e5d36c1f87 100644 --- a/jer/02/18.md +++ b/jer/02/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are a metaphor for asking the Egyptian and Assyrian armies to help them. A # Shihor This is the name of a stream associated with Egypt. It may have been a branch of the Nile River. Some versions call it the Nile. Alternate translation: "the Shihor Stream" or "the Shihor River" or "the Nile River" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/19.md b/jer/02/19.md index a8edbcb6d0..0e92cb7ff8 100644 --- a/jer/02/19.md +++ b/jer/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these phrases mean that their punishment is the result of their wicked b # it is wicked and bitter Here the word "bitter" describes "wicked." Alternate translation: "it is bitterly wicked" or "it is extremely wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/20.md b/jer/02/20.md index 96f79be8b0..5c109438ce 100644 --- a/jer/02/20.md +++ b/jer/02/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "prostitute" translates a word that can also refer to a woman who commits a # beneath under - diff --git a/jer/02/21.md b/jer/02/21.md index 5c7350e50c..dc86de076b 100644 --- a/jer/02/21.md +++ b/jer/02/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "pure seed" is the best seed that has not been mixed with seed that is not # How then have you have changed yourself into a corrupt, worthless vine? God uses this question to rebuke his people for changing and becoming like a corrupt worthless vine. Alternate translation: "But you have changed yourself into a corrupt, worthless vine!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/22.md b/jer/02/22.md index 1c9e04dd73..db5c537442 100644 --- a/jer/02/22.md +++ b/jer/02/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/23.md b/jer/02/23.md index 120166e378..b37799ba0b 100644 --- a/jer/02/23.md +++ b/jer/02/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God speaks of Israel worshiping other gods as if they were like a female camel r # swift able to run quickly - diff --git a/jer/02/24.md b/jer/02/24.md index ba3f173903..fadbe16f85 100644 --- a/jer/02/24.md +++ b/jer/02/24.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ This question is used to emphasize that no one can control a female donkey when # in her month -Like the phrase "in her heat," this phrase refers to the time when she is ready to mate. Alternate translation: "when she is ready to mate" ([[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) \ No newline at end of file +Like the phrase "in her heat," this phrase refers to the time when she is ready to mate. Alternate translation: "when she is ready to mate" ([[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) diff --git a/jer/02/25.md b/jer/02/25.md index ce6ab25f5b..3773daf853 100644 --- a/jer/02/25.md +++ b/jer/02/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of Israel wanting to worship other gods as if they were running aroun # No, I love strangers and go after them! Here "strangers" represents foreign gods, and "go after them" represents worshiping them. Alternate translation: "We must follow after foreign gods and worship them!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/26.md b/jer/02/26.md index 8b07d76a17..f0d5ec6bb8 100644 --- a/jer/02/26.md +++ b/jer/02/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means that someone discovers that the person's actions. This can be s # they, their kings, their princes, and their priests and prophets This list shows that everyone belonging to Israel will be ashamed. - diff --git a/jer/02/27.md b/jer/02/27.md index 52c1a95ca2..b1f093dc9b 100644 --- a/jer/02/27.md +++ b/jer/02/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "tree" and "stone" represent idols carved from wood and stone. These words # Arise and save us It can be made clear that they say this to Yahweh. "Yahweh, come and save us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/28.md b/jer/02/28.md index 6908fb7057..6796944d10 100644 --- a/jer/02/28.md +++ b/jer/02/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ With this question God implies that people should ask the gods they worship to h # Let them arise if they wish to save you in your time of troubles God implies that false gods should help the people who worship them. He knows that false gods cannot help people. When he said this he was using irony to show that he was angry that his people worshiped false gods. Alternate translation: "You do not ask them because know you that they cannot save you in your time of troubles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/29.md b/jer/02/29.md index 21d778d90d..19459e57cd 100644 --- a/jer/02/29.md +++ b/jer/02/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/30.md b/jer/02/30.md index d86bba53f9..5d1d548a3b 100644 --- a/jer/02/30.md +++ b/jer/02/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of the people of Israel killing the prophets as if their sword were a # destructive capable of causing a very large amount of damage - diff --git a/jer/02/31.md b/jer/02/31.md index 2b10911b71..672f52c7b4 100644 --- a/jer/02/31.md +++ b/jer/02/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God uses this question to rebuke his people for saying this. Alternate translati # wander move around or go to different places usually without any particular purpose or direction - diff --git a/jer/02/32.md b/jer/02/32.md index ca10726e44..1f2a6d7679 100644 --- a/jer/02/32.md +++ b/jer/02/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word refers to an ornament that is wrapped around the body, arms, or legs. # days without number "a very long time" - diff --git a/jer/02/33.md b/jer/02/33.md index a940214fe3..45f40e5d68 100644 --- a/jer/02/33.md +++ b/jer/02/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of his people worshiping other gods as if they were a woman who is un # You have even taught your ways to wicked women God speaks of how unfaithful his people are to him as though they were even teaching prostitutes how to be unfaithful to their husbands and find other men to be their lovers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/34.md b/jer/02/34.md index 84f3913cbe..523bd1d0eb 100644 --- a/jer/02/34.md +++ b/jer/02/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Blood on their clothes was evidence that they had killed people. Alternate trans # These people were not discovered in acts of burglary If they found people in an act of burglary, this might have been an excuse for killing them. But the people that they murdered were innocent. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "You did not discover these people stealing things" or "But you killed them even though they were not even stealing anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/35.md b/jer/02/35.md index 7c8ce5b53f..946fe5b283 100644 --- a/jer/02/35.md +++ b/jer/02/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here anger is spoken of as if it were a person that could turn away from Israel. # I will bring down judgment on you Here "judgment" represents punishment. Alternate translation: "I will punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/36.md b/jer/02/36.md index 496d13e79e..0a4846e115 100644 --- a/jer/02/36.md +++ b/jer/02/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The people of Israel will be sad because the army of Egypt will not be able prot # just as you were by Assyria The word "disappointed" is understood from the previous phrase. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "just as you were disappointed by Assyria" or "just as Assyria disappointed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/37.md b/jer/02/37.md index 114ea168f7..aec2901749 100644 --- a/jer/02/37.md +++ b/jer/02/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a symbol of shame. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) # so you will not be helped by them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so they will not help you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/02/intro.md b/jer/02/intro.md index ab4c1ba0c8..c3eae770a1 100644 --- a/jer/02/intro.md +++ b/jer/02/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,20 @@ # Jeremiah 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 2:1-31. The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 2:1-3:5. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The people refuse to learn +### The people refuse to learn The people worshiped other gods, particularly the fertility gods of Baal and Ashtoreth. Even when the nation was punished, the people did not learn. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Israel is compared to a female camel or a wild donkey for being unstable and lustful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -23,4 +23,3 @@ Israel is compared to a female camel or a wild donkey for being unstable and lus * __[Jeremiah 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/03/01.md b/jer/03/01.md index ef4258f0d2..5e5cab9616 100644 --- a/jer/03/01.md +++ b/jer/03/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ God speaks of Israel worshiping many idols as being like a woman having sex with # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/02.md b/jer/03/02.md index 2c9c1770cc..8a6e0763f1 100644 --- a/jer/03/02.md +++ b/jer/03/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God speaks of his people being eager to worship any idol as being like someone i # an Arab in the wilderness An Arab is a person from Arabia. Some Arabs lived as nomads in the desert and would rob others who came near them. Alternate translation: "a nomad in the wilderness" or "a robber in the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/03.md b/jer/03/03.md index 01e4a6a8bf..3327876da9 100644 --- a/jer/03/03.md +++ b/jer/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So I withheld the sho # you have the forehead of a prostitute The arrogance showing on a person's face is spoken of as if the face itself were arrogant. Alternate translation: "But the expression on your face shows that you arrogant, like the face of a prostitute" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/04.md b/jer/03/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/03/04.md +++ b/jer/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/03/05.md b/jer/03/05.md index 898ef1ae54..916fecf1b8 100644 --- a/jer/03/05.md +++ b/jer/03/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These questions express the people's hope that God will not be angry with them f # Look! "pay attention" or "listen" - diff --git a/jer/03/06.md b/jer/03/06.md index 6450dda7bf..f532a9a10f 100644 --- a/jer/03/06.md +++ b/jer/03/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The tops of hills and under shade trees were common places for people to worship # she has acted like a prostitute God speaks as of Israel worshiping idols as if she were a woman having sex with many men. Alternate translation: (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/07.md b/jer/03/07.md index f47eabcd3f..25ba9f7159 100644 --- a/jer/03/07.md +++ b/jer/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her faithless sister Judah saw God speaks of Israel and Judah as if they were sisters. Alternate translation: "the people of Judah, who also did not obey me, saw" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/08.md b/jer/03/08.md index 4efd6e139a..f2cb17a8bb 100644 --- a/jer/03/08.md +++ b/jer/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak of Israel and Judah being unfaithful to him as if they # certificate of divorce Something that a man writes to certify that he has divorced his wife. - diff --git a/jer/03/09.md b/jer/03/09.md index d32f77f0e9..734385562b 100644 --- a/jer/03/09.md +++ b/jer/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "defiled" represents making the land unacceptable to God. They did this by # she committed adultery with stones and trees Here "stones" and "trees" represent the stone and wood material that was used to create idols. The people's idol worship is spoken of as if they were committing adultery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/10.md b/jer/03/10.md index 21d778d90d..19459e57cd 100644 --- a/jer/03/10.md +++ b/jer/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/11.md b/jer/03/11.md index 3bb6413e53..b9935c04a5 100644 --- a/jer/03/11.md +++ b/jer/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Apostate Israel has been more righteous than faithless Judah! By calling Israel "more righteous" than Judah, God emphasizes that Judah is very guilty. Alternate translation: "Israel has been unfaithful to me, but Judah is even more guilty than Israel" - diff --git a/jer/03/12.md b/jer/03/12.md index ba25a9816c..5de4ad8fdc 100644 --- a/jer/03/12.md +++ b/jer/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Go and proclaim these words to the north Here the north represents the people of Israel who had been taken north to Assyria. Alternate translation: "Go and proclaim these words to the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/13.md b/jer/03/13.md index 920b3d943d..835e608fd4 100644 --- a/jer/03/13.md +++ b/jer/03/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People would worship idols under trees. The word "every" is a generalization use # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/14.md b/jer/03/14.md index 1889e8015e..9055a3ad74 100644 --- a/jer/03/14.md +++ b/jer/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am your husband God speaks of Israel belonging to him as if he were Israel's husband. Alternate translation: "you belong to me as a wife belongs to her husband" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/15.md b/jer/03/15.md index 7ddbc49f59..3ee103cde0 100644 --- a/jer/03/15.md +++ b/jer/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here God speaks of leaders as if they were shepherds and the people they led wer # shepherds after my heart Here "heart" represents Yahweh's desire or will. The phrase "after my heart" is an idiom that describes people who do God's will. Alternate translation: "shepherds who do my will" or "shepherds who do what I want" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/16.md b/jer/03/16.md index ae92216f7c..b08d70f2fe 100644 --- a/jer/03/16.md +++ b/jer/03/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # This matter will no longer come up in their hearts Here "come up in their hearts" represents thinking about it. Alternate translation: "They will no longer think of this matter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/17.md b/jer/03/17.md index afb1ca2d81..b4f2aebd35 100644 --- a/jer/03/17.md +++ b/jer/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Yahweh's throne" represents the place from where Yahweh rules. Alternate t # They will no longer walk in the stubbornness of their wicked hearts Yahweh speaks of people's actions as if the people were walking along a path. Here the word "hearts" represents their minds or wills. Alternate translation: "They will no longer stubbornly do the wicked things that they want to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/18.md b/jer/03/18.md index f92274398f..81d2863db6 100644 --- a/jer/03/18.md +++ b/jer/03/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # the land that I gave your ancestors as an inheritance God speaks of giving them the land to possess forever as if it were an inheritance. Alternate translation: "the land that I gave to your ancestors so that it would belong to their descendants forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/19.md b/jer/03/19.md index 0e1221e4af..af421b9d2f 100644 --- a/jer/03/19.md +++ b/jer/03/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God speaks of Israel as if Israel were his son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # an inheritance more beautiful God speaks of the land he wanted to give to Israel as if it were an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/20.md b/jer/03/20.md index b772548efc..8b4c2fc0a7 100644 --- a/jer/03/20.md +++ b/jer/03/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/21.md b/jer/03/21.md index e130c4d6a2..5c639ac72b 100644 --- a/jer/03/21.md +++ b/jer/03/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People hear a noise" # they have forgotten Yahweh their God Here "have forgotten" represents neglecting or ignoring. Alternate translation: "They have ignored Yahweh their God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/22.md b/jer/03/22.md index 296d3ff4f4..15fc4c3fd1 100644 --- a/jer/03/22.md +++ b/jer/03/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is understood that this is what the people of Israel will say. Alternate tran # Behold "Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important" - diff --git a/jer/03/23.md b/jer/03/23.md index 0126b59190..325164ab8d 100644 --- a/jer/03/23.md +++ b/jer/03/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People made a lot of noise on the hills and mountains when they worshiped false # surely Yahweh our God is the salvation of Israel "surely Yahweh our God is the savior of Israel" or "surely Yahweh our God is the only one who can save Israel" - diff --git a/jer/03/24.md b/jer/03/24.md index 077d18d180..b20aaaa9ea 100644 --- a/jer/03/24.md +++ b/jer/03/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # their flocks and herds, their sons and daughters This is a list of animals and people that the people of Israel had killed and offered to the idols. - diff --git a/jer/03/25.md b/jer/03/25.md index 993822804e..65aaf715ed 100644 --- a/jer/03/25.md +++ b/jer/03/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) "the time of our youth" refers to when each person # have not listened to the voice of Yahweh our God Here "listened" represents obeying, and "the voice of Yahweh" represents what Yahweh has said. Alternate translation: "have not obeyed what Yahweh our God has said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/03/intro.md b/jer/03/intro.md index 479100baea..0cf7829cbf 100644 --- a/jer/03/intro.md +++ b/jer/03/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Jeremiah 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:1-5, 12-17, 19-25. The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 2:1-3:5. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. The same is true for 3:19-4:3. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Judah told to repent +### Judah told to repent If Judah repents, God will bring the people back from the captivity into which he is going to send them. In this book, "Israel" serves as another name Judah because the northern kingdom of Israel no longer exists. The people group formed by these ten tribes had been scattered among the other nations by the Assyrians, who had conquered them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -#### Adultery +### Adultery + Judah's faithlessness to God is often pictured as adultery. This is a common image in Scripture. When Judah does not worship God, their nation is spoken of as if it were a woman unfaithful to her husband. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ Judah's faithlessness to God is often pictured as adultery. This is a common ima * __[Jeremiah 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/04/01.md b/jer/04/01.md index 905624bc97..b598eee209 100644 --- a/jer/04/01.md +++ b/jer/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "detestable things" refers to idols, which God hates. Alternate translation # do not wander from me again Here "wander" is a metaphor for being unfaithful. Alternate translation: "if you remain faithful to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/02.md b/jer/04/02.md index e1d53ec21e..2d3fdaff97 100644 --- a/jer/04/02.md +++ b/jer/04/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "bless themselves in him" is a metonym for asking Yahweh to bless them. Alt # in him they will glory The word "him" refers to Yahweh. Since Yahweh is speaking, "him" can also be translated as "me." Alternate translation: "they will boast in me" or "they will praise me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/03.md b/jer/04/03.md index 61131d2d58..6755b58c0d 100644 --- a/jer/04/03.md +++ b/jer/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Plow your own ground, and do not sow among thorns Yahweh tells the people to prepare their lives like a farmer prepares the ground for planting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/04.md b/jer/04/04.md index 980c8d739d..4c48f9bbdd 100644 --- a/jer/04/04.md +++ b/jer/04/04.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ Yahweh speaks of becoming extremely angry as if his anger were fire. Alternate t # because of the wickedness of your practices - "because of how wicked your practices are" or "because of the wicked things that you do" \ No newline at end of file +"because of how wicked your practices are" or "because of the wicked things that you do" diff --git a/jer/04/05.md b/jer/04/05.md index b821de0ed4..4316769e45 100644 --- a/jer/04/05.md +++ b/jer/04/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The ram's horn would warn the people that their enemies were coming to attack th # Let us go to the fortified cities They would go to the fortified cities for protection from their enemies. - diff --git a/jer/04/06.md b/jer/04/06.md index 8104752267..863ceb8d83 100644 --- a/jer/04/06.md +++ b/jer/04/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents an enemy army that would come from the north. (See: [[rc://en/ta # great crushing The abstract noun "crushing" can be translated as a verb. You may need to make explicit who is crushed and who does the crushing. Alternate translation: "the enemy will crush you" or "the enemy will completely destroy you" ([[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/07.md b/jer/04/07.md index d32e91ac9b..fb38456e1c 100644 --- a/jer/04/07.md +++ b/jer/04/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This idiom refers to starting to move. Alternate translation: "is starting to ma # to bring horror to your land This represents destroying the land, which would cause people who see it to be horrified. Alternate translation: "to destroy your land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/08.md b/jer/04/08.md index af4db08947..6334278163 100644 --- a/jer/04/08.md +++ b/jer/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ cry loudly # For the force of Yahweh's anger has not turned away from us Anger is spoken of as if it were a living thing that could turn away from people. Here "Yahweh's anger has not turned away from us" means that Yahweh is still very angry with the people. Alternate translation: "For Yahweh is still very angry with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/09.md b/jer/04/09.md index 2131c46ffe..bbaf30849d 100644 --- a/jer/04/09.md +++ b/jer/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hearts of the king and his officials will die Here "hearts" represent courage. Also "the hearts ... will die" represents losing courage and being afraid. Alternate translation: "the king and his officials will stop being courageous" or "the king and his officials will be terrified" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/10.md b/jer/04/10.md index 38fea5b163..0738aacac3 100644 --- a/jer/04/10.md +++ b/jer/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sword is striking against their life Here enemies being ready to kill people is spoken of as if the sword was a person striking at people. Alternate translation: "our enemies are ready to slaughter us with their swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/11.md b/jer/04/11.md index ac5ba83335..ce82c44d21 100644 --- a/jer/04/11.md +++ b/jer/04/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh shows his love for his people by speaking of them as a daughter. Alternat # It will not winnow or cleanse them The words "winnow" and "cleanse" refer to blowing away the useless skins from grain. Only a light wind was needed for that. Alternate translation: "It will not be a light wind for blowing the chaff away from the grain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/12.md b/jer/04/12.md index 43b9c91ce0..8ea4c03448 100644 --- a/jer/04/12.md +++ b/jer/04/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This expression in Hebrew is interpreted by some modern versions as "for me" or # pass sentence against them "announce their punishment" - diff --git a/jer/04/13.md b/jer/04/13.md index 015d361570..29c821b637 100644 --- a/jer/04/13.md +++ b/jer/04/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The enemies' chariots are spoken of as if they were like a storm. Storms can be # for we will be devastated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for they will devastate us" or "for they will destroy us all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/14.md b/jer/04/14.md index 393f565d34..d38281b6ab 100644 --- a/jer/04/14.md +++ b/jer/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a warning to the people living in Jerusalem to repent. "Cleanse your hea # How long will wicked thoughts lodge within you? This question is used to rebuke the people for always planning how to sin. Alternate translation: "Your deepest thoughts are about how to sin!" or "You are always thinking about how to sin!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/15.md b/jer/04/15.md index 862344e52a..c9e08708f4 100644 --- a/jer/04/15.md +++ b/jer/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This probably refers to the region of Dan, which was west of Jerusalem. # from Dan ... mountains of Ephraim By hearing that the enemies had gotten to Dan and Ephraim, people in Jerusalem would understand that the enemies were getting closer to them. - diff --git a/jer/04/16.md b/jer/04/16.md index 450584f54b..373ec6c52c 100644 --- a/jer/04/16.md +++ b/jer/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # besiegers are coming Besiegers are soldiers who surround a city in order to keep the people in the city from being able to get supplies of food and water. - diff --git a/jer/04/17.md b/jer/04/17.md index 6dbd368016..433b047274 100644 --- a/jer/04/17.md +++ b/jer/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Carefully guarding a city to keep people from going in and out is spoken of as i # against her all around The word "her" refers to Jerusalem. Jerusalem was often spoken of as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/18.md b/jer/04/18.md index 8ae76fac77..56f53b5d5c 100644 --- a/jer/04/18.md +++ b/jer/04/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "conduct" and "deeds" are spoken of as if they are people that could do thi # It will strike your very heart Here "heart" probably refers to the emotions, and "strike your very heart" probably refers to causing them to suffer terribly. Alternate translation: "It will be as if it strikes your very heart" or "It will cause you to suffer terrible anguish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/19.md b/jer/04/19.md index 0b53959fde..229d06282c 100644 --- a/jer/04/19.md +++ b/jer/04/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The speaker feels severe emotional pain that causes severe physical pain. # turbulent full of confusion, violence, or disorder; not stable or steady - diff --git a/jer/04/20.md b/jer/04/20.md index f47efffcc5..29f394d965 100644 --- a/jer/04/20.md +++ b/jer/04/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "are destroyed" are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate tra # my curtains Curtains are cloths that are hung to separate the rooms in the tents. - diff --git a/jer/04/21.md b/jer/04/21.md index ec03f3a294..68be92de70 100644 --- a/jer/04/21.md +++ b/jer/04/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah uses these questions to show his distress about seeing the battle flag # the sound of the horn Someone would blow the horn as a signal for battle. - diff --git a/jer/04/22.md b/jer/04/22.md index b51ab30421..ade58dec8e 100644 --- a/jer/04/22.md +++ b/jer/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the foolishness of my people ... do not know how to do good. It can be stated clearly that Yahweh says this. This is probably his reply to Jeremiah, telling why the battle is still happening. Alternate translation: "Yahweh replied, 'It is because of the foolishness of my people ... do not know how to do good.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/23.md b/jer/04/23.md index 420209e707..fe148e682b 100644 --- a/jer/04/23.md +++ b/jer/04/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This vision is a prophecy of what the land of Israel would be like after the peo # there was no light for the heavens "there were no lights in the sky" - diff --git a/jer/04/24.md b/jer/04/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/04/24.md +++ b/jer/04/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/04/25.md b/jer/04/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/04/25.md +++ b/jer/04/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/04/26.md b/jer/04/26.md index 57c9f39e0a..26a9a4432a 100644 --- a/jer/04/26.md +++ b/jer/04/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # before Yahweh, before the fury of his wrath This indicates that all these things would happen because Yahweh was so angry with the people of Judah. - diff --git a/jer/04/27.md b/jer/04/27.md index 5ef19da405..f498f2c5ee 100644 --- a/jer/04/27.md +++ b/jer/04/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the land will become a devastation "All the land of Judah will be devastated" or "all the land of Judah will be ruined" - diff --git a/jer/04/28.md b/jer/04/28.md index 1a2b88aedc..7d6868c567 100644 --- a/jer/04/28.md +++ b/jer/04/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah emphasizes Yahweh's judgment by saying that the earth itself expresses # I will not turn from carrying them out Here "turn" represents deciding not to do what he said he would do. Alternate translation: "I will not change my mind about doing what I said I would do" or "I will not refuse to do what I planned to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/29.md b/jer/04/29.md index bb7b280276..b96f1f690c 100644 --- a/jer/04/29.md +++ b/jer/04/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ They will run away to the forests for safety. # The cities will be abandoned, for there will be no one to inhabit them These two clauses have similar meanings. The second one strengthens the thought in the first. Alternate translation: "The cities will be empty. There will be no one left to live in them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/30.md b/jer/04/30.md index ad606119e0..edbc6910c3 100644 --- a/jer/04/30.md +++ b/jer/04/30.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ God speaks of the nations that Judah had depended on for wealth and business as # They are trying to take away your life Here "trying to take your life away" represents trying to kill the people of Judah. Alternate translation: "They are trying to kill you" or "They want to kill you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/04/31.md b/jer/04/31.md index cf1e93db85..57aab0ceff 100644 --- a/jer/04/31.md +++ b/jer/04/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God shows his love for the people of Jerusalem by speaking of them as a daughter # I am fainting "I am becoming weak" - diff --git a/jer/04/intro.md b/jer/04/intro.md index 6438177cb5..7ef8cd42c8 100644 --- a/jer/04/intro.md +++ b/jer/04/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Jeremiah 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 4:1-9. The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 3:19-4:3. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's punishment -#### Yahweh's punishment This chapter prophecies Yahweh's punishment on Judah. This should bring Judah to repentance, but it does not. It is also intended to make the nations fear the power of Yahweh and make them desire to worship him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter prophecies Yahweh's punishment on Judah. This should bring Judah to * __[Jeremiah 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/05/01.md b/jer/05/01.md index 21e0a9bb83..b8afce4c33 100644 --- a/jer/05/01.md +++ b/jer/05/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ broad and open places in a city where people can gather # who is acting justly "who does what is just" - diff --git a/jer/05/02.md b/jer/05/02.md index a9890df413..3444064ff1 100644 --- a/jer/05/02.md +++ b/jer/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the people of Jerusalem. # As Yahweh lives "as surely as Yahweh is alive." The people use this expression to show that what they say next is certainly true. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 4:2](../04/02.md). Alternate translation: "I solemnly swear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/03.md b/jer/05/03.md index 65e938df03..fae7ccc31a 100644 --- a/jer/05/03.md +++ b/jer/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "to receive discipline" represents learning from discipline to do what is r # They make their faces harder than rock Hard faces represents the expression on their faces that shows that they are stubborn. The simile "harder than rock" shows that the people are extremely stubborn. Alternate translation: "They are extremely stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/04.md b/jer/05/04.md index da2e92aa9a..9452f25100 100644 --- a/jer/05/04.md +++ b/jer/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So I said Jeremiah is speaking. - diff --git a/jer/05/05.md b/jer/05/05.md index a1efdcc32f..ae10cc9788 100644 --- a/jer/05/05.md +++ b/jer/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But they all broke their yoke together; they all tore apart the chains that bound them to God. The yoke and chains represent the law which bind God and his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/06.md b/jer/05/06.md index 9e3740d691..87e7dbb937 100644 --- a/jer/05/06.md +++ b/jer/05/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The abstract noun "transgressions" can be translated with the verb "sin." Altern # Their acts of apostasy are numerous The abstract nouns in "acts of apostasy" can be translated as "the ways they disobey me." Alternate translation: "They disobey me in very many ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/07.md b/jer/05/07.md index f1b9fd4726..b71c963976 100644 --- a/jer/05/07.md +++ b/jer/05/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This may be a metaphor for being unfaithful to God and worshiping idols, but ido # walked in great numbers to the houses of prostitutes "went in large groups to the houses of prostitutes" or "large groups of them went to the houses of prostitutes" - diff --git a/jer/05/08.md b/jer/05/08.md index 350185e903..1d620ea530 100644 --- a/jer/05/08.md +++ b/jer/05/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ when animals breed to reproduce # Each man neighed to his neighbor's wife Male horses neigh loudly to female horses when they want to mate with them. Alternate translation: "Like horses who mate with more than one horse, these men wanted to sleep with other men's wives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/09.md b/jer/05/09.md index 373615aeeb..f2f4612b7e 100644 --- a/jer/05/09.md +++ b/jer/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that the things that they are doing are s # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/10.md b/jer/05/10.md index bf3169da79..e1bcedd73e 100644 --- a/jer/05/10.md +++ b/jer/05/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of Israel and Judah as if they were a vineyard and the people ther # Trim their vines, since those vines do not come from Yahweh The word "their" refers to the vineyards. Yahweh speaks of the people of Israel and Judah as if they were vines. Alternate translation: "like farmers who trim the vines of a vineyard, you must remove many of the people of Israel and Judah, because they do not belong to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/11.md b/jer/05/11.md index dc80759b18..56adc520c2 100644 --- a/jer/05/11.md +++ b/jer/05/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for a person's descendants. In this case it refers # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/12.md b/jer/05/12.md index a6068a7b6c..5b2bd266df 100644 --- a/jer/05/12.md +++ b/jer/05/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The idiom "come upon us" means "happen to us." Alternate translation: "No harm w # we will not see sword or famine Here "see" is a metaphor for experience, and "sword" is a metonym for war. Alternate translation: "we will not experience war or famine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/13.md b/jer/05/13.md index 74c283c491..847c4a673c 100644 --- a/jer/05/13.md +++ b/jer/05/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the word" refers to God's message. Alternate translation: "God's message i # so let what they say be done to them It can be stated clearly what kinds of things the prophets were talking about. Alternate translation: "so let the harm that the prophets talk about come to them" or "since the prophets say that bad things will happen to us, let those bad things happen to the prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/14.md b/jer/05/14.md index 4ee2df0748..55726532d4 100644 --- a/jer/05/14.md +++ b/jer/05/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of his message as if it were a fire, and of his people as if they # For it will consume them "For my message will consume them." Yahweh's message was about how he would punish his people, so he speaks as if his message would destroy them as a fire destroys wood. Alternate translation: "For when you speak my message, it will destroy the people of Israel as fire destroys wood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/15.md b/jer/05/15.md index 445e5a875d..8f4f71c94e 100644 --- a/jer/05/15.md +++ b/jer/05/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize how long the nation ha # It is a nation whose language you do not know, nor will you understand what they say These phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the Israelites do not know the language of those people. It may imply that the Israelites have not had much contact with them. Alternate translation: "It is a nation whose language you will not understand at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/16.md b/jer/05/16.md index 1f5350a1db..14ed0bfd44 100644 --- a/jer/05/16.md +++ b/jer/05/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a container for holding arrows # Its quiver is like an open tomb An open tomb is one that is prepared to have many dead bodies put in it. The enemy army will kill many people. Alternate translation: "That nation's army will use their arrows and kill many people" or "Because of the arrows of its army, many people will die and be buried" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/17.md b/jer/05/17.md index 8b3890dcc6..fc14c9fd07 100644 --- a/jer/05/17.md +++ b/jer/05/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Fortified cities had a wall around them to protect the people inside from their # in which you put your trust "that you thought were strong enough to keep you safe" - diff --git a/jer/05/18.md b/jer/05/18.md index 557e625315..c34a29882d 100644 --- a/jer/05/18.md +++ b/jer/05/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel and Jeremiah. # do not intend to destroy "will not destroy" - diff --git a/jer/05/19.md b/jer/05/19.md index d49c5a45b3..dac8bc9aea 100644 --- a/jer/05/19.md +++ b/jer/05/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "these things" refers to sending armies to attack them. Alternate tra # Just as you ... served foreign gods in your land, so you must also serve strangers Here "served foreign gods" represents worshiping foreign gods. God would punish them for serving foreign gods by making them serve foreign people. Alternate translation: "Because you ... worshiped foreign gods in your land, you will have to serve foreigners" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/20.md b/jer/05/20.md index 47493c6992..000b92ffd5 100644 --- a/jer/05/20.md +++ b/jer/05/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # let it be heard in Judah This can be expressed in active from. Alternate translation: "Let those in Judah hear it" or "announce it in Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/21.md b/jer/05/21.md index 335a71b63c..afda54ae72 100644 --- a/jer/05/21.md +++ b/jer/05/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "cannot see" is a metonym for not understanding. Alternate translation: "yo # you cannot hear Here "cannot hear" represents not understanding. "Alternate translation: "you do not understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/22.md b/jer/05/22.md index 522b88b9ef..55a066bc32 100644 --- a/jer/05/22.md +++ b/jer/05/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ God speaks of the ocean not going past the border of sand as if the border were # it does not violate it "the ocean does not violate my decree." God speaks of ocean not going past the border of sand as if the border were a law, and as if the ocean were a person who obeys the law. Alternate translation: "it does not succeed in going past the border" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/23.md b/jer/05/23.md index ce54ede88f..1d275ffd7d 100644 --- a/jer/05/23.md +++ b/jer/05/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people's heart represents their attitude toward God. If Yahweh is speaking t # They have turned aside and gone away This metaphor presents the people no longer obeying God and doing evil as they please as if they had purposefully left the proper path to somewhere and gone far away from it.. Alternate translation: "They have rebelled and disobey me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/24.md b/jer/05/24.md index 0b822a79b7..eb14527ef7 100644 --- a/jer/05/24.md +++ b/jer/05/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "their hearts" represent their thoughts, and "say" represents thinking. Alt # keeping the appointed weeks of the harvest for us Here "keeping the appointed weeks of the harvest" represents making sure that those weeks happen at the right time. Alternate translation: "making sure for us that the weeks of harvest happen when they are supposed to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/25.md b/jer/05/25.md index e6b8ba4d5e..307c21db8a 100644 --- a/jer/05/25.md +++ b/jer/05/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the rains and the harvests. # Your sins have stopped good from coming to you Good things "coming" represents good things happening. "Because of your sins, good things have stopped happening to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/26.md b/jer/05/26.md index 6457d604db..7d181f6a1f 100644 --- a/jer/05/26.md +++ b/jer/05/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God speaks of wicked people wanting to harm someone as if they were waiting to c # they set a trap and catch people God speaks of wicked people intentionally harming others as if they were setting a trap. Alternate translation: "They set things up so that they can take advantage of people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/27.md b/jer/05/27.md index 2674f84bbe..303c108ac5 100644 --- a/jer/05/27.md +++ b/jer/05/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "deceit" represents the things that were taken by deceit. Alternate transla # they grow large and become rich Here "large" represents powerful. Alternate translation: "these wicked people become powerful and rich" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/28.md b/jer/05/28.md index 5d7b4bad47..0a87aa795a 100644 --- a/jer/05/28.md +++ b/jer/05/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Doing all kinds of wicked things is spoken of as if there were a boundary separa # they have not given justice to the needy "they have not helped the needy by doing what is just for them" - diff --git a/jer/05/29.md b/jer/05/29.md index 8ed95ed41d..ef557e326c 100644 --- a/jer/05/29.md +++ b/jer/05/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that the things that they are doing are s # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/30.md b/jer/05/30.md index 5028249492..38b555dc70 100644 --- a/jer/05/30.md +++ b/jer/05/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated more actively. Alternate translation: "People do terrible and # in the land Here "the land" refers to the land of Israel.' Alternate translation: "in the land of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/31.md b/jer/05/31.md index 31d917d3ff..5af7f91de3 100644 --- a/jer/05/31.md +++ b/jer/05/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the priests do not submit to God's authority. Alternate # but what will happen in the end? "but what will you do at the end of all of this?" Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that the people will regret being wicked when he punishes them for it. Alternate translation: "but in the end I will punish you and you will be regret your wicked behavior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/05/intro.md b/jer/05/intro.md index 6a34adc5dc..b2f9288de4 100644 --- a/jer/05/intro.md +++ b/jer/05/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,17 @@ # Jeremiah 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 5:1-31. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Hyperbole +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Hyperbole + It is possible that Yahweh is using the word "a" (meaning "even one") as hyperbole when he states, "If you can find a man or anyone who is acting justly and trying to act faithfully, then I will forgive Jerusalem." The purpose of this is to show how evil Jerusalem had become. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Yahweh asks several rhetorical questions in this chapter. This is intended to show Jeremiah the justness of his actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +19,3 @@ Yahweh asks several rhetorical questions in this chapter. This is intended to sh * __[Jeremiah 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/06/01.md b/jer/06/01.md index 74c0d8c7fe..de7702bbb4 100644 --- a/jer/06/01.md +++ b/jer/06/01.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Here "wickedness" represents disaster and the people who will cause it. Alternat # a great crushing is coming How the crushing will come can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Enemies will come and crush you" or "Enemies will come and destroy you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/02.md b/jer/06/02.md index 06ef4b048d..968d49b4fb 100644 --- a/jer/06/02.md +++ b/jer/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The daughter of Zion, the beautiful and delicate woman Zion is another name for Jerusalem. Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem as though it were a woman. He speaks of it as a daughter to show his love for Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "My dear Zion, which is like a beautiful and delicate woman" or "My dear Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/03.md b/jer/06/03.md index 53b6e61d27..c707069637 100644 --- a/jer/06/03.md +++ b/jer/06/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God speaks of kings leading their armies to destroy the land, as if they were sh # with his own hand Here "hand" represents the portion of something someone his assigned to take in his hand. Here it refers to the portion of land the king is assigned to conquer. Alternate translation: "and conquer his portion of the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/04.md b/jer/06/04.md index ec5821e589..87bd4e074d 100644 --- a/jer/06/04.md +++ b/jer/06/04.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ The end of the day is spoken of in terms of its light becoming dark. Alternate t # are falling "are stretching out" or "are getting longer" - diff --git a/jer/06/05.md b/jer/06/05.md index aa0ef54aee..0bd1ce1c0a 100644 --- a/jer/06/05.md +++ b/jer/06/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # her fortresses People often spoke of cities as if they were women. Her the word "her" refers to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "the strong buildings of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/06.md b/jer/06/06.md index 82294def49..377c3032f2 100644 --- a/jer/06/06.md +++ b/jer/06/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Siege works are either high mounds of dirt or high ramps made of wood that the e # because it is filled with oppression Here "it is filled with oppression" represents people there always oppressing people. Alternate translation: "because its people are always oppressing each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/07.md b/jer/06/07.md index 48e473aa45..664f1e08e7 100644 --- a/jer/06/07.md +++ b/jer/06/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I hear the sound of v # sickness and wounds are continually before my face These things being "before" God's face represents him seeing them. Alternate translation: "I constantly see sickness and wounds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/08.md b/jer/06/08.md index 2c501d29ec..b4701dd840 100644 --- a/jer/06/08.md +++ b/jer/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here God speaks to the people of Jerusalem as if he were speaking to the city it # an uninhabited land "a land that has no people living in it" - diff --git a/jer/06/09.md b/jer/06/09.md index ec4331aecc..3182825d2c 100644 --- a/jer/06/09.md +++ b/jer/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "They" refers to the enemy that Yahweh sends to destroy Israel. # Reach out again with your hand to pick grapes from the vines Yahweh commands the enemy to attack those who remain in Israel as if the enemy were pick to grapes that remain in a vineyard after others have harvested it. Alternate translation: "Come back and attack the people of Israel who remain" or "Like people who reach out again to pick grapes from vines that they have already harvested, come back and attack the people who remain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/10.md b/jer/06/10.md index 5368df0bac..b04fb85586 100644 --- a/jer/06/10.md +++ b/jer/06/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This idiom is used to announce that God gave messages to them. He did this throu # they do not want it "they do not want to listen to the word of Yahweh" - diff --git a/jer/06/11.md b/jer/06/11.md index 9e91e12e0e..dface1f333 100644 --- a/jer/06/11.md +++ b/jer/06/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The words "will be taken" are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate tra # every old person heavy with years The phrase "heavy with years" is an idiom that means "very old." It reinforces the phrase "old person." Alternate translation: "every very old person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/12.md b/jer/06/12.md index 91508da96a..add1774f17 100644 --- a/jer/06/12.md +++ b/jer/06/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "will be turned over to others" is understood from the previous phras # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/13.md b/jer/06/13.md index c3c10ab118..51d54045ad 100644 --- a/jer/06/13.md +++ b/jer/06/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The abstract noun "gain" can be expressed with the phrases "get more money" or " # all of them practice deceit "all of them deceive people" or "all of them are liars" - diff --git a/jer/06/14.md b/jer/06/14.md index c6dd05fedd..0e6d0c8a3c 100644 --- a/jer/06/14.md +++ b/jer/06/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "lightly" represents treating the wounds as if they were not serious, as if # 'Peace, Peace,' when there is no peace "'All is well, All is well,' but it is not well" - diff --git a/jer/06/15.md b/jer/06/15.md index 5caef184f1..ecd02066d1 100644 --- a/jer/06/15.md +++ b/jer/06/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "fall" represents being killed. Alternate translation: "they will be killed # they will be brought down when they are punished Here "will be brought down" represents being destroyed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will destroy them when I punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/16.md b/jer/06/16.md index fff84828b0..10928c9050 100644 --- a/jer/06/16.md +++ b/jer/06/16.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "this good way" represents the good way to live. Altern # We will not go This represents not living that way. Alternate translation: "We will not live that way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/17.md b/jer/06/17.md index fe04da5be0..858b37217f 100644 --- a/jer/06/17.md +++ b/jer/06/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" refers to the people of Israel. # to listen for the ram's horn "to listen to the sound of the ram's horn." Yahweh speaks of his warning messages to his prophets as if the messages were a ram's horn being blown to warn people about the danger that would come. The prophets were to listen to the warning and tell the people about it. - diff --git a/jer/06/18.md b/jer/06/18.md index ee1b045354..98402fa3ad 100644 --- a/jer/06/18.md +++ b/jer/06/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two sentences are telling the people of other nations to witness what Yahw # will happen to them The word "them" refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/jer/06/19.md b/jer/06/19.md index 0343ffabae..b4974b9074 100644 --- a/jer/06/19.md +++ b/jer/06/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "fruit" represents results or consequences. Alternate translation: # they paid no attention to my word and they have rejected my law Here "paid no attention to my word" refers to not listening to what God said, and "rejected my law" refers to refusing to obey God's law. Alternate translation: "they did not listen to what I said and they have not obeyed my law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/20.md b/jer/06/20.md index 3ac5270a52..7a4ab3f7c2 100644 --- a/jer/06/20.md +++ b/jer/06/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People would burn sweet smelling cane as an offering to God. # are not acceptable to me "do not please me" or "do not make me happy" - diff --git a/jer/06/21.md b/jer/06/21.md index 799e0633d1..67c0eda3bb 100644 --- a/jer/06/21.md +++ b/jer/06/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "will stumble" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate tran # Inhabitants and their neighbors "Neighbors and their friends" - diff --git a/jer/06/22.md b/jer/06/22.md index d876629d7e..64fabe59c8 100644 --- a/jer/06/22.md +++ b/jer/06/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "nation" represents the army of the nation. Alternate translation: "the arm # is being stirred up from the farthest parts of the earth Being "stirred up" represents preparing to do something. Alternate translation: "is being prepared to come from a distant land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/23.md b/jer/06/23.md index 184a793331..ad674db959 100644 --- a/jer/06/23.md +++ b/jer/06/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The loud noise that the soldiers make is compared to the loud noise of the ocean # they are riding on horses, set out in order as men for battle The phrase "set out in order" means that they have organized themselves and are riding in rows. The phrase "as men for battle" indicates that they are ready to fight. Alternate translation: "they are riding on horses in their assigned rows, and they are ready to fight against you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/24.md b/jer/06/24.md index 66874d8030..fe643b8eb9 100644 --- a/jer/06/24.md +++ b/jer/06/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Feeling great anguish is spoken of as if the anguish grabs them. Alternate trans # as a woman giving birth The anguish that they feel because the enemy coming to attack them is compared to the anguish that a woman feels when she is about to give birth to a baby. Alternate translation: "like a woman who is about to give birth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/25.md b/jer/06/25.md index cf2cfbcddb..f30daad26a 100644 --- a/jer/06/25.md +++ b/jer/06/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks to the people of Jerusalem. Some versions interpret this as Yahw # for the swords of the enemy and terror are all around The phrase "swords of the enemy" represents the enemy with their swords ready to attack. The abstract noun "terror" refers to things that cause people to be frightened and can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "For the enemy is everywhere with their swords and everyone else is terrified" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/26.md b/jer/06/26.md index d88c0e24d4..3e59c608ff 100644 --- a/jer/06/26.md +++ b/jer/06/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jeremiah compares the people's great sadness to the sadness that a mother feels # for the destroyer will suddenly come upon us "because the enemy army will suddenly come to attack us" - diff --git a/jer/06/27.md b/jer/06/27.md index e6b040165b..1dee6152d5 100644 --- a/jer/06/27.md +++ b/jer/06/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh compares Jeremiah testing his people to a person who tests metal to see h # their ways "their behavior" or "how they live" - diff --git a/jer/06/28.md b/jer/06/28.md index 52df80a7e0..3010651f26 100644 --- a/jer/06/28.md +++ b/jer/06/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # All of them are bronze and iron Bronze and iron are hard metals. Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they were hard like bronze and iron. Alternate translation: "All of them are hard like bronze and iron" or "All of them are stubborn, as hard as bronze and iron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/29.md b/jer/06/29.md index 9311d64cc2..700efa2f63 100644 --- a/jer/06/29.md +++ b/jer/06/29.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You will continue to # because the evil is not removed God speaks of Israel continuing to be evil as if they were silver and the impurities remained in the silver. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because the evil remains" or "the impurities remain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/30.md b/jer/06/30.md index e51f4a442b..cc2e006b6d 100644 --- a/jer/06/30.md +++ b/jer/06/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will be called rejected silver, for This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will say about the people of Israel, 'They are rejected silver,' for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/06/intro.md b/jer/06/intro.md index 290e504529..df7d44eefe 100644 --- a/jer/06/intro.md +++ b/jer/06/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Jeremiah 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 6:1-30. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Gods and battle -#### Gods and battle In the ancient Near East, it was commonly believed that a nation's gods were responsible for military victory. It may have been believed that a god would not defend an evil city. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, it was commonly believed that a nation's gods were res * __[Jeremiah 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/07/01.md b/jer/07/01.md index 1a20fc46c8..6efaebf276 100644 --- a/jer/07/01.md +++ b/jer/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word that came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "This is the message that Yahweh gave to Jeremiah. He said," or "This is the message that Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/02.md b/jer/07/02.md index aa70b7ae98..3c25127dae 100644 --- a/jer/07/02.md +++ b/jer/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all you of Judah "all you people of Judah" - diff --git a/jer/07/03.md b/jer/07/03.md index 83d9335de3..b4c15a32aa 100644 --- a/jer/07/03.md +++ b/jer/07/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # in this place This means in the land of Judah, not in the temple. - diff --git a/jer/07/04.md b/jer/07/04.md index a618689af5..8b8626e878 100644 --- a/jer/07/04.md +++ b/jer/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The reflexive pronoun "yourself" emphasizes the personal risk to the Israelites. # Temple of Yahweh! Temple of Yahweh! Temple of Yahweh! It is implied that, since the temple belongs to Yahweh and represents his presence, he will protect it and the people of Judah will be safe. Possible meanings for why "Temple of Yahweh" is repeated three times are 1) it was repeated for emphasis or 2) it was repeated as part of a temple liturgy. Alternate translation: "This is the temple of Yahweh so it is absolutely certain that no one will destroy it and we are safe." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/05.md b/jer/07/05.md index 77aafb57f1..a56f6ee711 100644 --- a/jer/07/05.md +++ b/jer/07/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Jeremiah his message to the people of Judah. # completely execute justice The abstract noun "justice" can be translated using the verb "judge." Alternate translation: "judge rightly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/06.md b/jer/07/06.md index 32558c85f5..509d50113e 100644 --- a/jer/07/06.md +++ b/jer/07/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here walking after is a metonym for following after with the intent to serve and # in this place Here "this place" refers to the land of Judah. - diff --git a/jer/07/07.md b/jer/07/07.md index 91c2993106..628bf34282 100644 --- a/jer/07/07.md +++ b/jer/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from ancient times and forever "from ancient times and continually." This means Yahweh gave the land to the people of Judah to be their permanent possession. - diff --git a/jer/07/08.md b/jer/07/08.md index 4820567369..ced64fa800 100644 --- a/jer/07/08.md +++ b/jer/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Jeremiah his message to the people of Judah. # Behold! The word "Behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the information that follows. - diff --git a/jer/07/09.md b/jer/07/09.md index ec920e617b..a343d3c1b1 100644 --- a/jer/07/09.md +++ b/jer/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These questions expect a positive answer to make the point that God knows the si # walk after other gods Here walking after is a metonym for following after with the intent to serve and obey. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:6](../07/06.md). Alternate translation: "serve other gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/10.md b/jer/07/10.md index e5329f6d2d..7a3e5382f7 100644 --- a/jer/07/10.md +++ b/jer/07/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question expects a positive answer to make the point that God knows the hyp # house that is called by my name This is a metonym for Yahweh's temple. It can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "house that belongs to me" or "temple where you worship me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/11.md b/jer/07/11.md index 6ab1a9bc7e..3a28b47bcf 100644 --- a/jer/07/11.md +++ b/jer/07/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ violent people who steal and destroy # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/12.md b/jer/07/12.md index b03627ba07..ca8e5f1db4 100644 --- a/jer/07/12.md +++ b/jer/07/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Jeremiah his message to the people of Judah. # my place that was in Shiloh, where I allowed my name to stay there in the beginning Here "where I allowed my name to stay" is an idiom that means this was a place where Yahweh was worshiped. Alternate translation: "the place in Shiloh where I first allowed my people to worship me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/13.md b/jer/07/13.md index b439b00cd5..1c36933c25 100644 --- a/jer/07/13.md +++ b/jer/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # time and time again This hendiadys is also an idiom that means something is done many times. Alternate translation: "repeatedly" or "persistently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/14.md b/jer/07/14.md index 1c29003fcd..d817d272a5 100644 --- a/jer/07/14.md +++ b/jer/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this house that is called by my name This is a metonym for Yahweh's temple. It can be expressed in active form. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:10](../07/10.md). Alternate translation: "this house that belongs to me" or "this temple where you worship me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/15.md b/jer/07/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/07/15.md +++ b/jer/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/07/16.md b/jer/07/16.md index 1df9967da8..392d9c5cbf 100644 --- a/jer/07/16.md +++ b/jer/07/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These four clauses each mean about the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. # petition me "plead with me" - diff --git a/jer/07/17.md b/jer/07/17.md index 3e699738ee..576613b206 100644 --- a/jer/07/17.md +++ b/jer/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you not see what they are doing in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem? This question expects a positive answer and is asked to bring these things to Jeremiah's attention. They can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "Look at what they are doing in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/18.md b/jer/07/18.md index 4d2cd6fa7d..dba959c494 100644 --- a/jer/07/18.md +++ b/jer/07/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was the name of a false god. Alternate translation: "the false god known as # will provoke me "will anger me" - diff --git a/jer/07/19.md b/jer/07/19.md index 3844f98fdf..a078bf3c7b 100644 --- a/jer/07/19.md +++ b/jer/07/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This question expects a positive answer. It can be expressed as a statement. Alt # shame is on them The abstract noun "shame" can be translated using the verb "shamed." Alternate translation: "they are shamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/20.md b/jer/07/20.md index 0d932a4c53..7b5383eff4 100644 --- a/jer/07/20.md +++ b/jer/07/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could not be put out. Alter # never be extinguished "never stop burning" - diff --git a/jer/07/21.md b/jer/07/21.md index 6ffd9fce3d..1b014bc985 100644 --- a/jer/07/21.md +++ b/jer/07/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # Add your burnt offerings to your sacrifices and eat the meat The people were supposed to burn the burnt offering completely and only eat the meat from certain sacrifices. Because the people have been disobeying the moral law, God sarcastically tells them to eat the burnt offering as well since he was rejecting it. Alternate translation: "I do not care if you eat the meat from the burnt offerings as well as the meat from your sacrifices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/22.md b/jer/07/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/07/22.md +++ b/jer/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/07/23.md b/jer/07/23.md index 390498ede8..75631ee03e 100644 --- a/jer/07/23.md +++ b/jer/07/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here listening to Yahweh's voice means to both hear his words and obey what he s # walk in all the ways that I am commanding you Yahweh speaks of obeying his commands as if one were walking in them, like person would walk along a road. Alternate translation: "do everything that I am commanding you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/24.md b/jer/07/24.md index bc73a0b119..347cc2f888 100644 --- a/jer/07/24.md +++ b/jer/07/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ To "incline the ear" is to lean toward the speaker so as to better hear the word # they went backwards, not forward This is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) they refused to pay attention to Yahweh, instead of eagerly obeying him. Alternate translation: "they went away from me instead of drawing closer to me" or 2) they got worse and worse instead of improving. Alternate translation: "they got worse instead of better" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/25.md b/jer/07/25.md index 26460705e1..17f850c4f1 100644 --- a/jer/07/25.md +++ b/jer/07/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a generalization that means over this entire period of time, not every d # I persisted in sending them "I sent them again and again" or "I repeatedly sent them" - diff --git a/jer/07/26.md b/jer/07/26.md index f83fcfd334..642d85d3ec 100644 --- a/jer/07/26.md +++ b/jer/07/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means they were stubborn. Alternate translation: "they bec # They were more wicked "Each generation was more wicked" - diff --git a/jer/07/27.md b/jer/07/27.md index c670ed30cb..0916f9df3b 100644 --- a/jer/07/27.md +++ b/jer/07/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues giving Jeremiah his message to the people of Judah. # So proclaim all these words to them, but they will not listen to you. Proclaim these things to them, but they will not answer you. These two sentences say the same thing, The second emphasizes the message of the first. Alternate translation: "Tell them my message, but they will not listen to you or answer you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/28.md b/jer/07/28.md index ed49d80431..f757a56fea 100644 --- a/jer/07/28.md +++ b/jer/07/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of truth as if it was something the people could destroy and stop # Truth is destroyed The abstract noun "truth" can be translated using the adjective "truthful." Alternate translation: "What is truthful is destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/29.md b/jer/07/29.md index c624c90d0d..2f9ad64f33 100644 --- a/jer/07/29.md +++ b/jer/07/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This would be done as a sign of mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-s # rejected and abandoned These two words have similar meanings and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/30.md b/jer/07/30.md index 754bdf8125..dffdd9c477 100644 --- a/jer/07/30.md +++ b/jer/07/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "detestable things" refers to idols, which God hates. Alternate translation # house that is called by my name This is a metonym for Yahweh's temple. It can be expressed in active form. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:10](../07/10.md). Alternate translation: "house that belongs to me" or "temple where they worship me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/31.md b/jer/07/31.md index f39d5a9706..f6cc13048c 100644 --- a/jer/07/31.md +++ b/jer/07/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of a valley south of the city of Jerusalem, where people sacrif # nor did it enter my mind Here the word "mind" refers to Yahweh's thoughts. Alternate translation: "nor did I ever think about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/32.md b/jer/07/32.md index ecd4d352de..48207bac63 100644 --- a/jer/07/32.md +++ b/jer/07/32.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will no longer # no room left "no place remaining" - diff --git a/jer/07/33.md b/jer/07/33.md index 8b923e4852..bfd1a0375c 100644 --- a/jer/07/33.md +++ b/jer/07/33.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Another possible meaning is "the wild animals of the land," referring to Judah. # to frighten them away "to scare them away" - diff --git a/jer/07/34.md b/jer/07/34.md index 6518b2de4b..7ea6829854 100644 --- a/jer/07/34.md +++ b/jer/07/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a metonym for what happens at marriage ceremonies. Alternate translation # will become a desolation The abstract noun "desolation" can be translated using the adjective "desolate." Alternate translation: "will become desolate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/07/intro.md b/jer/07/intro.md index b88f53f21d..44f33b8217 100644 --- a/jer/07/intro.md +++ b/jer/07/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Jeremiah 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of 7:29-34, which is an extended quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice in society -#### Justice in society Jeremiah commanded the people of Jerusalem to live justly. Without justice, they did not truly have faith in Yahweh. Without this faith in Yahweh, the temple and its rituals were useless. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Do not pray for this people" -#### "Do not pray for this people" Yahweh wanted the people to repent. This statement, and the others that follow, may be taken in another way. They are intended to show that it is too late for the people, and their punishment will come regardless of their response. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh wanted the people to repent. This statement, and the others that follow, * __[Jeremiah 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/08/01.md b/jer/08/01.md index 5e8bc93b6c..1808a9f89b 100644 --- a/jer/08/01.md +++ b/jer/08/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word "they" here refers to the enemies of the people of Judah. # its officials "its princes" or "its rulers" - diff --git a/jer/08/02.md b/jer/08/02.md index 3d57ec3bc0..d8d5661519 100644 --- a/jer/08/02.md +++ b/jer/08/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The bones are compared to dung on the ground both to emphasize that they will be # on the surface of the earth "all over the ground" - diff --git a/jer/08/03.md b/jer/08/03.md index 9bce065952..40167f8bfa 100644 --- a/jer/08/03.md +++ b/jer/08/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "all who remain fr # this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/04.md b/jer/08/04.md index f4b100f2b0..bb07e55c1a 100644 --- a/jer/08/04.md +++ b/jer/08/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh is telling Jeremiah what to say to the people of Judah. # Does anyone fall and not get up? Does anyone get lost and not try to return? These questions make the point that the way that the people of Judah were acting did not make sense. They can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that when someone falls, he gets back up, and when someone gets lost, he tries to find his way back." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/05.md b/jer/08/05.md index 443f2b4d75..665174655c 100644 --- a/jer/08/05.md +++ b/jer/08/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ What the people of Judah were doing is spoken of as if they were clinging to dec # They hold on to deceit The abstract noun "deceit" is spoken of as if it were a physical object that a person could hold on to. It can be translated using the verb "deceive." Holding on to something is a metaphor for loving. Alternate translation: "They refuse to turn away from what deceives them" or "They love the people who deceive them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/06.md b/jer/08/06.md index c173c21f39..fb9623b7db 100644 --- a/jer/08/06.md +++ b/jer/08/06.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The implied information is that this is a question that the people of Judah shou # like a horse rushing toward battle The eagerness of the people to follow their own evil way is compared to the eagerness of a war horse running toward a battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/07.md b/jer/08/07.md index 496c5bf9eb..1ffbbe9b46 100644 --- a/jer/08/07.md +++ b/jer/08/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The implied information is that the people should have naturally known Yahweh's # They go on their migrations The abstract noun "migrations" can be translated using the verb "migrate." Alternate translation: "They migrate" or "They fly from one region to another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/08.md b/jer/08/08.md index 1ecc1932de..10c75ba381 100644 --- a/jer/08/08.md +++ b/jer/08/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The pen represents the words that the scribes write. Alternate translation: "The # has created deceit "has given you false ideas" - diff --git a/jer/08/09.md b/jer/08/09.md index 9ddc713dfe..f595313d0e 100644 --- a/jer/08/09.md +++ b/jer/08/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ terrified or shattered # so what use is their wisdom? This question expects a negative answer and is intended to make the hearers think about how little what they consider wisdom is really worth when they reject Yahweh's word. Alternate translation: "so what they think is wise does not do them any good." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/10.md b/jer/08/10.md index 2b3f5e7756..e4153cacc8 100644 --- a/jer/08/10.md +++ b/jer/08/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The abstract noun "gain" can be expressed with the phrases "get more money" or " # all of them practice deceit "all of them deceive people" or "all of them are liars" - diff --git a/jer/08/11.md b/jer/08/11.md index 42dd1fe46a..e68bf3cf3d 100644 --- a/jer/08/11.md +++ b/jer/08/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "lightly" represents treating the wounds as if they were not serious, as if # "Peace, Peace," when there is no peace "'All is well, All is well,' but it is not well" - diff --git a/jer/08/12.md b/jer/08/12.md index ea12a04a01..ee3d9ebe78 100644 --- a/jer/08/12.md +++ b/jer/08/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "fall" represents being killed. Alternate translation: "they will be killed # they will be brought down when they are punished Here "will be brought down" represents being destroyed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will destroy them when I punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/13.md b/jer/08/13.md index 9e77134338..fa0761211a 100644 --- a/jer/08/13.md +++ b/jer/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # what I have given to them will pass away The meaning of the original text is uncertain here. - diff --git a/jer/08/14.md b/jer/08/14.md index 47d5d574f6..b924412ec8 100644 --- a/jer/08/14.md +++ b/jer/08/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "silence" is a metaphor for condemning to death. Alternate translation: "be # He will make us drink poison This is an idiom for Yahweh's judgment on his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/15.md b/jer/08/15.md index ca47b975ba..d3b577beab 100644 --- a/jer/08/15.md +++ b/jer/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but see "but understand" - diff --git a/jer/08/16.md b/jer/08/16.md index a5a63292a9..0d59230e03 100644 --- a/jer/08/16.md +++ b/jer/08/16.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ a sound that a horse makes # they will come and consume Here the word "consume" means to eat up. It is an idiom for how the enemies come and destroy the land and its inhabitants. Alternate translation: "they will come and destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/17.md b/jer/08/17.md index b314299733..86ef62d72d 100644 --- a/jer/08/17.md +++ b/jer/08/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To charm means to sing or make music in order to control snakes. # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/18.md b/jer/08/18.md index 35deb12fc0..7e145947af 100644 --- a/jer/08/18.md +++ b/jer/08/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These words are an exaggeration that express the great extent of Jeremiah's sorr # my heart is sick Here "heart" represents Jeremiah, emphasizing his feelings and emotions. Alternate translation: "I feel sick deep down inside me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/19.md b/jer/08/19.md index 2fc54a2a47..8f74fa1688 100644 --- a/jer/08/19.md +++ b/jer/08/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two questions are similar in meaning. They imply that the people of Judah # Why then do they provoke me to anger with their carved figures and their worthless foreign idols? The word "me" refers to Yahweh. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "If they want me to save them, then they must not offend me with their carved figures." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/20.md b/jer/08/20.md index 9b5d6d3f45..e58af5cda7 100644 --- a/jer/08/20.md +++ b/jer/08/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jeremiah continues talking about the people of Judah. # But we have not been saved Jeremiah tells what the people of Judah are saying. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But Yahweh has not saved us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/21.md b/jer/08/21.md index 7d5b0b76b4..190220abd4 100644 --- a/jer/08/21.md +++ b/jer/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am hurt because of the hurt of the daughter of my people. I mourn at the horrible things that have happened to her; I am dismayed These statements express the same idea in more than one way for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/22.md b/jer/08/22.md index e0ebd201c7..ab1860567e 100644 --- a/jer/08/22.md +++ b/jer/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is there no medicine in Gilead? Is there no healer there? Why will the healing of the daughter of my people not happen? These questions are asked to make the point that the people of Judah have not been saved. Alternate translation: "There is medicine in Gilead, and there are healers there, so tell me why the healing of my dear people will not happen." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/08/intro.md b/jer/08/intro.md index c12e5bea31..8b53a34551 100644 --- a/jer/08/intro.md +++ b/jer/08/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Jeremiah 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 8:5-22. The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 8:5-9:12. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Hyperbole -#### Hyperbole The author frequently uses hyperbole in this chapter to describe the complete destruction of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ The author frequently uses hyperbole in this chapter to describe the complete de * __[Jeremiah 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/09/01.md b/jer/09/01.md index b9239c6335..8fd1a01589 100644 --- a/jer/09/01.md +++ b/jer/09/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh shows his love for his people by speaking of them as a daughter. Here Jer # who have been killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the enemy has killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/02.md b/jer/09/02.md index db0bb758b8..4043663374 100644 --- a/jer/09/02.md +++ b/jer/09/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to a building for people traveling in the wilderness, where they can # a company of traitors a group of people who work together t betray other people" - diff --git a/jer/09/03.md b/jer/09/03.md index 2c5b5099df..dfc048900f 100644 --- a/jer/09/03.md +++ b/jer/09/03.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ See how you translated these words in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). # They bend their tongues like their bows for lies + God speaks of liars as if they were people who shoot others with bows and arrows. People who use bows and arrows bend their bows in order to fasten the bowstrings. Just as they prepare to shoot arrows, liars prepare to tell lies. Alternate translation: "Their tongues are like bows which they prepare to shoot out lies" or "Their lies are like arrows that they shoot with their tongues" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # They @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Apparently God's people thought that the reason they were strong was that they w # For they go from one wicked act to another Committing one evil action after another is spoken of as if the evildoers were going from one action to another. Alternate translation: "For they keep doing evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/04.md b/jer/09/04.md index f6efd70573..7b254a8c3f 100644 --- a/jer/09/04.md +++ b/jer/09/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "you" refers to the people of Judah. # every neighbor walks in slander Here "walking" is an idiom for living. Alternate translation: "every neighbor slanders one another" or "every neighbor is a slanderer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/05.md b/jer/09/05.md index edb285734c..17047e975b 100644 --- a/jer/09/05.md +++ b/jer/09/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here people are represented by their "tongues" to emphasize their speech. Altern # They are exhausted from committing iniquity "They are tired from committing so much sin" - diff --git a/jer/09/06.md b/jer/09/06.md index b08875112e..f48e028648 100644 --- a/jer/09/06.md +++ b/jer/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of living among people who are liars as living in the middle of de # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/07.md b/jer/09/07.md index 831e93c2a8..ab1ca4ec1f 100644 --- a/jer/09/07.md +++ b/jer/09/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of testing the people and dealing with their evil ways, as if they # for what else can I do, because of what my people have done? Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to state that this is how he needs to deal with his people because of what they have done. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "for this is how I must deal with my people because of what they have done." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/08.md b/jer/09/08.md index e8a0c5ad73..cbff3dfd57 100644 --- a/jer/09/08.md +++ b/jer/09/08.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Their tongues are deadly arrows -This speaks of people's tongues as if they were deadly arrows because of how the people hurt others by what they say. Here their speech is represented by their "tongues." Alternate translation: "Their words are like arrows that kill other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) +This speaks of people's tongues as if they were deadly arrows because of how the people hurt others by what they say. Here their speech is represented by their "tongues." Alternate translation: "Their words are like arrows that kill other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) # they speak deceit @@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ Here people's speech is represented by their "mouths." Alternate translation: "T # but with their hearts they lie in wait for them -Here a people's desires are represented by their "hearts." This speaks of them wanting to hurt their neighbors as if they were an animal crouching and waiting to attack its prey. Alternate translation: "but what they really want is to destroy their neighbors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - +Here a people's desires are represented by their "hearts." This speaks of them wanting to hurt their neighbors as if they were an animal crouching and waiting to attack its prey. Alternate translation: "but what they really want is to destroy their neighbors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/jer/09/09.md b/jer/09/09.md index 4f0b6de044..2a0bf5fec3 100644 --- a/jer/09/09.md +++ b/jer/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that the things that they are doing are s # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/10.md b/jer/09/10.md index 4748d53695..d5a9f44d20 100644 --- a/jer/09/10.md +++ b/jer/09/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Because someone has l # the lowing of the cattle is not heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Nobody will hear the sound of cattle there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/11.md b/jer/09/11.md index b098b0a41c..58e274ed10 100644 --- a/jer/09/11.md +++ b/jer/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # places without inhabitants "places where no people live" - diff --git a/jer/09/12.md b/jer/09/12.md index ab8ad4323a..b40b9caa8d 100644 --- a/jer/09/12.md +++ b/jer/09/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that only a wise person could # has the land perished and been made desolate This can be stated in active form. Both "perished" and "been made desolate" describe the land being empty of all good things. Alternate translation: "has the land perished? Why has Yahweh made it desolate" or "is the land now empty of all good things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/13.md b/jer/09/13.md index c0db5f72a0..6f215b693f 100644 --- a/jer/09/13.md +++ b/jer/09/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here Yahweh's "voice" represents what he says. Alternate translation: "they do n # or walk by it Here "walk" is an idiom for "live." Alternate translation: "or live the way I tell them to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/14.md b/jer/09/14.md index a7430f376a..2fdc5558ff 100644 --- a/jer/09/14.md +++ b/jer/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the people's "stubborn hearts" represent their stubborn desires and stubbor # have followed the Baals "have worshiped the Baals" - diff --git a/jer/09/15.md b/jer/09/15.md index 2bebee4ef3..864cdd2827 100644 --- a/jer/09/15.md +++ b/jer/09/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh uses this word here to draw the people's attention to what he says next. # wormwood a plant that tastes bitter - diff --git a/jer/09/16.md b/jer/09/16.md index 67a52355aa..1a06cec9db 100644 --- a/jer/09/16.md +++ b/jer/09/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "sword" refers to an enemy army. Alternate translation: "I will se # I have completely destroyed them This is a metonym for Yahweh causing the people's enemies to destroy them. Alternate translation: "I have caused their enemies to completely destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/17.md b/jer/09/17.md index b0080e3ccc..f1926ba0ea 100644 --- a/jer/09/17.md +++ b/jer/09/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "tell the women to come" (See: [[rc://e # Send out for women skilled at lamenting The phrase "send out for" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Send people out to get women who are skilled at mourning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/18.md b/jer/09/18.md index 8f5c726817..3fac3678f7 100644 --- a/jer/09/18.md +++ b/jer/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Yahweh says what the people of Judah will say when the destruction comes. T # so our eyes may run with tears and our eyelids flow with water This describes the people crying a lot. Alternate translation: "so we will cry very hard with tears flowing from our eyes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/19.md b/jer/09/19.md index 336d63745a..d1d7f8641d 100644 --- a/jer/09/19.md +++ b/jer/09/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh tells what the people of Judah will say when the land is destroyed. Alter # We are greatly ashamed, for we have abandoned the land since they tore down our houses "Our shame is great, because enemies destroyed our houses and we had to leave the land of Israel" - diff --git a/jer/09/20.md b/jer/09/20.md index 298cecb5f5..fbfaec5aca 100644 --- a/jer/09/20.md +++ b/jer/09/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize the command to listen to wha # each neighbor woman a dirge The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: "teach each neighbor woman a dirge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/21.md b/jer/09/21.md index d121f7f736..5857e09b56 100644 --- a/jer/09/21.md +++ b/jer/09/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ fancy houses where kings live. Death will come to rich and poor alike. # city squares marketplaces - diff --git a/jer/09/22.md b/jer/09/22.md index fca80a3bcf..c187ce01a3 100644 --- a/jer/09/22.md +++ b/jer/09/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This describes the great number of people who will die, by comparing their bodie # there will be no one to gather them "there will be nobody to gather the dead bodies" - diff --git a/jer/09/23.md b/jer/09/23.md index 815ee029c4..7ee3205cf7 100644 --- a/jer/09/23.md +++ b/jer/09/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: "or let the warrior # Do not let the wealthy man take pride in his riches "A rich man should not be proud because he is rich" - diff --git a/jer/09/24.md b/jer/09/24.md index d6dad58ebd..eb9a476f5a 100644 --- a/jer/09/24.md +++ b/jer/09/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "these" refers to covenant loyalty, justice, and righteousness. # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/25.md b/jer/09/25.md index 2cb80278c2..903002f9f5 100644 --- a/jer/09/25.md +++ b/jer/09/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses this word here to draw the people's attention to what he says next. # all the circumcised who are such only in their body This refers to the people of Israel who have entered into Yahweh's covenant by getting circumcised physically, but who have not changed their inner beings by following his laws. Alternate translation: "all those people who have changed their bodies by circumcising them but who have not changed their inner beings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/26.md b/jer/09/26.md index 35e21e0e45..853af4a37a 100644 --- a/jer/09/26.md +++ b/jer/09/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "nations" refers to the people who live in these places. Foreigners bei # all the house of Israel has an uncircumcised heart The "heart" represents a person's will and desires. An "uncircumcised heart" represents the character of a person that does not follow Yahweh and his laws. Also, the "house" of Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "all the people of Israel are only circumcised on the outside and have not changed their hearts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/09/intro.md b/jer/09/intro.md index 9ca76e767b..887df836f9 100644 --- a/jer/09/intro.md +++ b/jer/09/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Jeremiah 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 9:1-12, 17-24. The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 8:5-9:12. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Funeral -This chapter pictures Jerusalem as having a funeral with its typical songs. This is an image used to describe their destruction. It is a time of great sadness. +### Funeral + +This chapter pictures Jerusalem as having a funeral with its typical songs. This is an image used to describe their destruction. It is a time of great sadness. + +### Circumcision -#### Circumcision Circumcision is used here in an unusual way. Since circumcision was intended to be a display of faith, the author uses the term to differentiate between those who have faith in Yahweh and those who don't. This is a type of metaphor. Those who have a circumcised heart have faith in Yahweh while those with an uncircumcised heart do not have faith in Yahweh, regardless of whether they are physically circumcised. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Circumcision is used here in an unusual way. Since circumcision was intended to * __[Jeremiah 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/10/01.md b/jer/10/01.md index 25041b8529..d95e9c88ad 100644 --- a/jer/10/01.md +++ b/jer/10/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh has just reminded the people of Judah, as well as Egypt, Edom, Ammon, Moa # house of Israel Here the "house" of Israel represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/02.md b/jer/10/02.md index 1a7ec25fe3..b6d089f3af 100644 --- a/jer/10/02.md +++ b/jer/10/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ worried or upset # for the nations are dismayed by these Here "the nations" refer to the people who live in them. This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "for the people of the nations are afraid of the strange things they see in the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/03.md b/jer/10/03.md index 609b526398..812ca23f60 100644 --- a/jer/10/03.md +++ b/jer/10/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh has just reminded them not to learn the ways of the nations nor be worrie # craftsman a man skilled in his work - diff --git a/jer/10/04.md b/jer/10/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/10/04.md +++ b/jer/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/10/05.md b/jer/10/05.md index 87ec479372..4a8d5c5e7a 100644 --- a/jer/10/05.md +++ b/jer/10/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a vegetable that is usually long, with green skin and white flesh that contains # they have to be carried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people have to carry them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/06.md b/jer/10/06.md index 51dd14a147..2b6ce729be 100644 --- a/jer/10/06.md +++ b/jer/10/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah has just been talking about idol worship. # your name is great in power Here Yahweh's "name" refers to himself and his reputation. Alternate translation: "you are very powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/07.md b/jer/10/07.md index 842ccd7cc3..9cca2d4dd5 100644 --- a/jer/10/07.md +++ b/jer/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that everyone should fear Ya # what you deserve "what you have earned" - diff --git a/jer/10/08.md b/jer/10/08.md index a6cebe7bef..d242ca3fbd 100644 --- a/jer/10/08.md +++ b/jer/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "brutish" and "stupid" mean basically the same thing and emphasize how # Their vain discipline—it is nothing but wood The writer writes as if he gets halfway through his statement and cannot continue. "As for what they work so hard to serve, it is only a piece of wood" - diff --git a/jer/10/09.md b/jer/10/09.md index 07d7b525c1..6fb0b638f3 100644 --- a/jer/10/09.md +++ b/jer/10/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ people who heat gold to remove from it anything that is not gold # Their clothes are blue and purple cloth "The people dress the idols in blue and purple cloth" - diff --git a/jer/10/10.md b/jer/10/10.md index 6d342b46d2..624d88ceae 100644 --- a/jer/10/10.md +++ b/jer/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of the earth shaking as an emotional response to Yahweh's anger, whe # quakes "shakes" - diff --git a/jer/10/11.md b/jer/10/11.md index 5f3859fefc..e678e9eb36 100644 --- a/jer/10/11.md +++ b/jer/10/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" refers to the Israelites and the word "them" refers to the people # will perish from the earth This speaks of the idols disappearing and losing their significance as if they were dying. This emphasizes their lack of power. Alternate translation: "will disappear from the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/12.md b/jer/10/12.md index 1bcc66faa4..469e9ce64d 100644 --- a/jer/10/12.md +++ b/jer/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stretched out the heavens This speaks of Yahweh creating the sky as if it were a large sheet that he stretched out. Alternate translation: "created the heavens" or "created the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/13.md b/jer/10/13.md index c8160018dd..bd3113b368 100644 --- a/jer/10/13.md +++ b/jer/10/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh causing the wind to blow as if the wind were kept in a sto # storehouse a building where things are kept - diff --git a/jer/10/14.md b/jer/10/14.md index 82d2c9b534..6fd0a8c3c7 100644 --- a/jer/10/14.md +++ b/jer/10/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Every metalworker is put to shame by his idols This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Every metalworker's idols put him to shame" or "As for every metalworker, his idols shame him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/15.md b/jer/10/15.md index ffd60bef20..c11b27fa2c 100644 --- a/jer/10/15.md +++ b/jer/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will perish at the time of their punishment This speaks of the final destruction of the idols. Alternate translation: "there will be a time when God will destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/16.md b/jer/10/16.md index 5b4bde99a8..3c2d5feaf9 100644 --- a/jer/10/16.md +++ b/jer/10/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Jacob" represents the people of Israel. God being their "portion" is an id # Israel is the tribe of his inheritance This speaks of Israel belonging to Yahweh as if it were something that Yahweh gained through inheritance. Alternate translation: "The tribe of Israel belongs to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/17.md b/jer/10/17.md index 48ac3588b6..0bfbf7b3c7 100644 --- a/jer/10/17.md +++ b/jer/10/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who have been living under the siege "whose city has been surrounded by your enemies' army" or "who have been living in your city while an enemy army surrounds it" - diff --git a/jer/10/18.md b/jer/10/18.md index 116950ec2e..c57ccbe287 100644 --- a/jer/10/18.md +++ b/jer/10/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of causing the people to leave the land as if they were objec # distress great pain or suffering - diff --git a/jer/10/19.md b/jer/10/19.md index 0e895188ed..72f7253367 100644 --- a/jer/10/19.md +++ b/jer/10/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of the peoples' distress as if they were physically wounded by b # but I must bear it Here Jeremiah represents the whole tribe of Israel. Alternate translation: "but we must bear it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/20.md b/jer/10/20.md index e4f9547dbc..70a47933ed 100644 --- a/jer/10/20.md +++ b/jer/10/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The children no longer existing is a metaphor for the parents never seeing them # There is no longer anyone to spread out my tent or to raise up my tent curtains Here Jeremiah speaks of them not having descendants to rebuild their city as if their city were a tent that needs to be rebuilt. Alternate translation: "There is no one to rebuild our city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/21.md b/jer/10/21.md index ca84e35c4a..7f7be4cf62 100644 --- a/jer/10/21.md +++ b/jer/10/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the leaders of Israel are spoken of as if they were shepherds and the peopl # all their flock has been scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and their enemies have scattered all their flock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/22.md b/jer/10/22.md index b0d3809629..b1705af027 100644 --- a/jer/10/22.md +++ b/jer/10/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the marching enemy armies are spoken of as if they were an earthquake. The # jackals a type of fierce wild dog - diff --git a/jer/10/23.md b/jer/10/23.md index c975734d9d..a2f3bffdd3 100644 --- a/jer/10/23.md +++ b/jer/10/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah prays for the people of Israel. # that the way of a man does not come from himself. No person walking directs his own steps These two phrases mean the same thing. This means that no one has control over the various things that will happen to him during his life. Alternate translation: "that no person controls what will happen to him; no one is able to direct the events that he will experience" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/10/24.md b/jer/10/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/10/24.md +++ b/jer/10/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/10/25.md b/jer/10/25.md index 4e9fa87085..ba4013f73f 100644 --- a/jer/10/25.md +++ b/jer/10/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These three phrases have the same meaning. Jeremiah repeats this idea three time # demolish his habitation "demolish their homes" - diff --git a/jer/10/intro.md b/jer/10/intro.md index 1ea1fb57ea..e42fcd2121 100644 --- a/jer/10/intro.md +++ b/jer/10/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Jeremiah 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines in 10:1-25 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are a long quotation. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's power -#### Yahweh's power This chapter contrasts the great power of Yahweh with the powerlessness of any other false god. It is intended to question why the Jews would worship any other god. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter contrasts the great power of Yahweh with the powerlessness of any o * __[Jeremiah 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/11/01.md b/jer/11/01.md index c71ac6eb99..7e5fbd6f62 100644 --- a/jer/11/01.md +++ b/jer/11/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word that came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 7:1](../07/01.md). Alternate translation: "This is the message that Yahweh gave to Jeremiah. He said," or "This is the message that Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/02.md b/jer/11/02.md index a912b13a66..2b874f616c 100644 --- a/jer/11/02.md +++ b/jer/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the inhabitants of Jerusalem "the people who live in Jerusalem" - diff --git a/jer/11/03.md b/jer/11/03.md index a45190cba0..0a1bc3e5b7 100644 --- a/jer/11/03.md +++ b/jer/11/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Cursed is anyone This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will curse anyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/04.md b/jer/11/04.md index 28ae8814f2..bec9e8ff05 100644 --- a/jer/11/04.md +++ b/jer/11/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ heating iron to liquid form # Listen to my voice The word "voice" here is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and "listen" is a metonym for "obey." Alternate translation: "Obey what I say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/05.md b/jer/11/05.md index 28d1f68acc..57b782a3b3 100644 --- a/jer/11/05.md +++ b/jer/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land flowing with milk and honey "the land where milk and honey flow." God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: "the land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/06.md b/jer/11/06.md index 83bd8896d0..fae989edcc 100644 --- a/jer/11/06.md +++ b/jer/11/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # carry them out This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "obey them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/07.md b/jer/11/07.md index a7ef4f880f..24e05ebb9b 100644 --- a/jer/11/07.md +++ b/jer/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ serious and important # Listen to my voice The word "voice" here is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and "listen" is a metonym for "obey." Alternate translation: "Obey what I say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/08.md b/jer/11/08.md index 99d2fe2a4c..5fe1e00b3b 100644 --- a/jer/11/08.md +++ b/jer/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "walking" is an idiom for the way a person lives. The word "heart" is a met # So I brought all the curses in the covenant that I commanded them to obey "So I punished them with all the curses that I described in this covenant that I had commanded them to obey" - diff --git a/jer/11/09.md b/jer/11/09.md index 2d50458756..1ac90b02f6 100644 --- a/jer/11/09.md +++ b/jer/11/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a secret plan to do something that is harmful or illegal # the inhabitants of Jerusalem "the people who live in Jerusalem" - diff --git a/jer/11/10.md b/jer/11/10.md index e66631f249..436dc1cd20 100644 --- a/jer/11/10.md +++ b/jer/11/10.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # They have returned to the iniquities of their earliest ancestors -"They have returned to committing the same iniquities that their earliest ancestors committed" +"They have returned to committing the same iniquities that their earliest ancestors committed" # walked after @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # the house of Judah The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/11.md b/jer/11/11.md index 95de03c53f..b52c9d8a13 100644 --- a/jer/11/11.md +++ b/jer/11/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See This word is used here to draw someone's attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" - diff --git a/jer/11/12.md b/jer/11/12.md index 7420d2a341..c5e6493882 100644 --- a/jer/11/12.md +++ b/jer/11/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "cities of Judah" represents the people who live in them. Alternate tra # but they will certainly not be saved by them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but their gods will certainly not save them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/13.md b/jer/11/13.md index 53917fd404..3e1a7321a5 100644 --- a/jer/11/13.md +++ b/jer/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # her streets "the streets in Jerusalem" - diff --git a/jer/11/14.md b/jer/11/14.md index 8a33b9cf27..2ea7d6610d 100644 --- a/jer/11/14.md +++ b/jer/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must not cry for help Or "You must not make a loud cry of sadness" - diff --git a/jer/11/15.md b/jer/11/15.md index 0d9c212f0a..860e5e1c2e 100644 --- a/jer/11/15.md +++ b/jer/11/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that the people Judah no longe # is my beloved one, the one who has had The people of Judah are spoken of as if they were a single woman greatly beloved. Alternate translation: "are the people whom I love, those who have had" or "are the people of Judah whom I love, who have had" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/16.md b/jer/11/16.md index 3dc3283b35..ca6d10f9d1 100644 --- a/jer/11/16.md +++ b/jer/11/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This compares the sound of the raging fire to the sound of a severe storm. (See: # its branches will be broken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will break off your branches" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/17.md b/jer/11/17.md index 420596d56f..b76c4315d2 100644 --- a/jer/11/17.md +++ b/jer/11/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # the house of Judah The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/18.md b/jer/11/18.md index 4c07fbc712..56036125e8 100644 --- a/jer/11/18.md +++ b/jer/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # made me see their deeds The refers to Yahweh revealing to Jeremiah that his enemies were planning to kill him. This is spoken of here as if Jeremiah has already see their actions. Alternate translation: "have revealed to me their evil plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/19.md b/jer/11/19.md index deaaad1037..6f0e6f1a3f 100644 --- a/jer/11/19.md +++ b/jer/11/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "cut him off" means to destroy him. Also, "the living" refers to livi # his name will be no longer remembered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will no longer remember his name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/20.md b/jer/11/20.md index 4755e652da..5105dabf2e 100644 --- a/jer/11/20.md +++ b/jer/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The heart is a metonym for what a person feels and desires and "the mind" is a m # I will witness your vengeance The word "vengeance" here can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "I will watch you take revenge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/21.md b/jer/11/21.md index 3b55168db2..1f70a3d2eb 100644 --- a/jer/11/21.md +++ b/jer/11/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase represents wanting or trying to kill someone. Alternate translation: # you will die by our hand Here the men refer to their "hand" to emphasize that they plan to kill him themselves. Alternate translation: "we ourselves will kill you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/22.md b/jer/11/22.md index 7c5a3377d1..6deb6ecb00 100644 --- a/jer/11/22.md +++ b/jer/11/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ men at the strongest time of their lives # will die by the sword Here the "sword" represents battle. Alternate translation: "will die in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/23.md b/jer/11/23.md index b0ce766de4..335f9122b8 100644 --- a/jer/11/23.md +++ b/jer/11/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will leave none of # a year of their punishment The word "year" here is a idiom that describes a specific period of time that Yahweh decides. Alternate translation: "in the time of their punishment" or "for the time of their punishment is coming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/11/intro.md b/jer/11/intro.md index 64f65a931c..1c0136da3d 100644 --- a/jer/11/intro.md +++ b/jer/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Jeremiah 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 11:15-17, 20. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The covenant +### The covenant The covenant Yahweh made with Moses is prominent in this chapter. Because the people disobeyed this covenant, God will not help them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The covenant Yahweh made with Moses is prominent in this chapter. Because the pe * __[Jeremiah 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/12/01.md b/jer/12/01.md index 5655b6945a..af073aa6ed 100644 --- a/jer/12/01.md +++ b/jer/12/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks to Yahweh. # the wicked This refers to wicked people. Alternate translation: "wicked people" or "those who are wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/02.md b/jer/12/02.md index 0fe8fac91e..6e36168245 100644 --- a/jer/12/02.md +++ b/jer/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Jeremiah speaks of the wicked as if they were fruit trees. Alternate transl # You are near to them in their mouths, but far away from their hearts Here "mouths" represents what a person says. And, "hearts" represents what a person thinks or feels. Also, being loyal is spoken of as if it were being near a person, and being disloyal is spoken of as if it were being far away from a person. Alternate translation: "They always say good things about you, but they do not love or respect you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/03.md b/jer/12/03.md index 4f9f0b3e42..f3d0928202 100644 --- a/jer/12/03.md +++ b/jer/12/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Jeremiah asks Yahweh to prepare to punish the wicked as if they were sheep # the day of slaughter "the day they will be destroyed" - diff --git a/jer/12/04.md b/jer/12/04.md index 43b941afab..798c6fdf78 100644 --- a/jer/12/04.md +++ b/jer/12/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The animals and the b # He will not see what happens to us Possible meanings are 1) The people are saying that God does not know what things will happen to them in their future or 2) God is unaware of their sin. Alternate translation: "God does not see the sinful things that we do" - diff --git a/jer/12/05.md b/jer/12/05.md index 74c973977e..d0a45aad0e 100644 --- a/jer/12/05.md +++ b/jer/12/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This rhetorical question implies that he would not be able to run through the "m # majesty This is a metonym for the majestic forests or thickets on the banks of the Jordan River. Alternate translation: "forest" or "thickets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/06.md b/jer/12/06.md index 616fa67ea1..d20ace534c 100644 --- a/jer/12/06.md +++ b/jer/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # raised their voice against you "have publicly accused you of doing evil" - diff --git a/jer/12/07.md b/jer/12/07.md index 6e744f1986..f9e50fecc9 100644 --- a/jer/12/07.md +++ b/jer/12/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hands" represents control. Alternate translation: "to be conquere # of her enemies Here Yahweh refers to his people, the nation of Israel, with a feminine pronoun as if the nation were a woman. Alternate translation: "of their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/08.md b/jer/12/08.md index 444613ca74..f0df06915a 100644 --- a/jer/12/08.md +++ b/jer/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues to speaks of Yahweh's people as a lion. This speaks of the people # she sets herself ... with her ... hate her Here Yahweh refers to his people as a female by using feminine pronouns. Alternate translation: "they set themselves ... with their ... hate them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/09.md b/jer/12/09.md index bff1208cf7..0a7f1449d4 100644 --- a/jer/12/09.md +++ b/jer/12/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ birds that attack and eat animals # Go and gather all the wild beasts and bring them to devour her Yahweh speaks here in the form of a command to strengthen what he says. This command is not directed to a specific person and may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Let all the wild beasts in the fields come and eat her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/10.md b/jer/12/10.md index 9b919f90c6..731c2bc39c 100644 --- a/jer/12/10.md +++ b/jer/12/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "shepherds" refers to their sheep. Alternate translation: "Many sh # my portion of land "the ground I planted" or "my field" - diff --git a/jer/12/11.md b/jer/12/11.md index a10df217df..88f05bb77c 100644 --- a/jer/12/11.md +++ b/jer/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "All the land is desol # takes it to heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "cares" or "pays any attention" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/12.md b/jer/12/12.md index 7b3b82b95e..899a1e1271 100644 --- a/jer/12/12.md +++ b/jer/12/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of the armies that he is using to punish his people as being # from one end of the land to the other This refers to the whole land that belongs to his people. - diff --git a/jer/12/13.md b/jer/12/13.md index a5d0540c45..f2fcc894e9 100644 --- a/jer/12/13.md +++ b/jer/12/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ unable to do more, without any more strength # So be ashamed of your gain because of Yahweh's anger "So be ashamed of your tiny harvest because Yahweh is angry with you." Here the word "gain" does not mean a large amount of something, but refers to a small amount. - diff --git a/jer/12/14.md b/jer/12/14.md index 4d104682d9..11787fd055 100644 --- a/jer/12/14.md +++ b/jer/12/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of causing the people of Judah to leave the lands of the othe # the house of Judah The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/15.md b/jer/12/15.md index 4a3b50f9b9..3c04b07c1b 100644 --- a/jer/12/15.md +++ b/jer/12/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I uproot those nations God speaks of forcing the people to leave their land as if they were plants that he was pulling out of the ground. Alternate translation: "I make those nations leave their lands and move to different places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/16.md b/jer/12/16.md index 03eac27191..b2e17d1fe1 100644 --- a/jer/12/16.md +++ b/jer/12/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of the people becoming prosperous as if they were a building that wa # midst middle - diff --git a/jer/12/17.md b/jer/12/17.md index 21d778d90d..19459e57cd 100644 --- a/jer/12/17.md +++ b/jer/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/12/intro.md b/jer/12/intro.md index 344cbe1b21..9dec411657 100644 --- a/jer/12/intro.md +++ b/jer/12/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Jeremiah 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 12:1-13. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Jeremiah complains that evil men prosper +### Jeremiah complains that evil men prosper Jeremiah complains that evil men prosper. He questions Yahweh's justice. Yahweh's response: if Jeremiah is upset by the people of Anathoth, how will he face enemies in Jerusalem? (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -#### Yahweh's grace to the other nations +### Yahweh's grace to the other nations Yahweh gives a gracious offer to the Gentile nations. If the other nations who have been against Judah leave their idols and worship God, then God will allow them to return to their lands. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]]) @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ Yahweh gives a gracious offer to the Gentile nations. If the other nations who h * __[Jeremiah 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/13/01.md b/jer/13/01.md index 9a1592bccc..cf362a5de3 100644 --- a/jer/13/01.md +++ b/jer/13/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the middle part of the body, usually the narrowest, between the hips and chest # do not put it in water first "do not wash it or get it wet" - diff --git a/jer/13/02.md b/jer/13/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/13/02.md +++ b/jer/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/13/03.md b/jer/13/03.md index bb2ac31fdf..79e6e4556c 100644 --- a/jer/13/03.md +++ b/jer/13/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to me a second time, saying, The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md), and make any changes as needed. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave me a message a second time. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this second message to me:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/04.md b/jer/13/04.md index 293abccc79..052d1fb072 100644 --- a/jer/13/04.md +++ b/jer/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rock crevice a space between rocks or a crack in a rock, big enough to put something into it - diff --git a/jer/13/05.md b/jer/13/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/13/05.md +++ b/jer/13/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/13/06.md b/jer/13/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/13/06.md +++ b/jer/13/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/13/07.md b/jer/13/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/13/07.md +++ b/jer/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/13/08.md b/jer/13/08.md index 77547f29f8..d99a749276 100644 --- a/jer/13/08.md +++ b/jer/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to me, saying, The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave me a message. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/09.md b/jer/13/09.md index 37768ab1e8..0b7afdc093 100644 --- a/jer/13/09.md +++ b/jer/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Judah ... Jerusalem Here "Judah" and "Jerusalem" refer to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "of the people of Judah ... the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/10.md b/jer/13/10.md index 32c6c02b69..21a649fcd2 100644 --- a/jer/13/10.md +++ b/jer/13/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who walk in the hardness of their heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "who are stubborn and only do the things they desire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/11.md b/jer/13/11.md index 9122c60206..1a3ab2a960 100644 --- a/jer/13/11.md +++ b/jer/13/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/12.md b/jer/13/12.md index c0b232468a..5f197ce87e 100644 --- a/jer/13/12.md +++ b/jer/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Every jar will be filled with wine ... every jar will be filled with wine This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Every wineskin should be full of wine ... every wineskin should be full of wine" or "Every wine jar should be full of wine ... every wine jar should be full of wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/13.md b/jer/13/13.md index 9901cc6851..0667d990c9 100644 --- a/jer/13/13.md +++ b/jer/13/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to draw someone's attention to what is said next. Alterna # the kings who sit on David's throne Here the throne that the king of Judah sits on is represented as "David's throne." Alternate translation: "the kings who sit on Judah's throne" or "the kings of the nation of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/14.md b/jer/13/14.md index ff066e228a..2371e03d27 100644 --- a/jer/13/14.md +++ b/jer/13/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # will not spare them from destruction "will not withhold punishment from them." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "will allow them to be destroyed" - diff --git a/jer/13/15.md b/jer/13/15.md index 68d216f4ac..8c8b41c18a 100644 --- a/jer/13/15.md +++ b/jer/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # arrogant falsely believing oneself to be important - diff --git a/jer/13/16.md b/jer/13/16.md index 918735be2a..0d0b4762c6 100644 --- a/jer/13/16.md +++ b/jer/13/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ early morning or evening when it is partially dark, when the sun is beginning to # For you are hoping for light, but he will turn it to deep darkness and change it to deep gloom This speaks of goodness and blessings as "light" and of trouble and despair as "darkness." Alternate translation: "For you were hoping for light and blessings, but Yahweh will give you darkness and great despair—you will feel like you are surrounded by a dark cloud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/17.md b/jer/13/17.md index 55165bb6d4..a1ed626c4d 100644 --- a/jer/13/17.md +++ b/jer/13/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for enemies have capt # for Yahweh's flock has been taken captive Here Jeremiah speaks of Yahweh's people as Yahweh's "flock" because he cares for them like a shepherd cares for his sheep. This event has not happened yet, but it is written here as if it already has. This can be written in future tense. Alternate translation: "for you who are Yahweh's flock, your enemies will soon capture you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/18.md b/jer/13/18.md index f9908d08db..9abbd67617 100644 --- a/jer/13/18.md +++ b/jer/13/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a hendiadys in which the first verb modifies the second. Alternate trans # For your splendid crowns have fallen from your heads A king and queen mother wear crowns to represent their royal positions as the king and queen mother. Also, this event has not happened yet, but it is written here as if it already has. This can be written in future tense. Alternate translation: "For you will no longer be the king and queen mother, for your crowns, your pride and glory, will fall off" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/19.md b/jer/13/19.md index 68f13303de..7bc8b19dbb 100644 --- a/jer/13/19.md +++ b/jer/13/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Your enemies will shu # All Judah will be taken captive, completely taken captive Here "Judah" represents the people who live there. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemies will take all of the people of Judah captive into exile" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/20.md b/jer/13/20.md index ea8b94ddf0..6c8de534ae 100644 --- a/jer/13/20.md +++ b/jer/13/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This rhetorical question is asked to emphasize that the people of Judah will be # the flock This speaks of the people of Judah as a "flock" of sheep to emphasize that the leaders of Judah were supposed to care for them and look after them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/21.md b/jer/13/21.md index 3dbc2ff1e6..5d60718f78 100644 --- a/jer/13/21.md +++ b/jer/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to emphasize that the people who Judah's leader # Are these not the beginnings of the labor pains that will seize you just like a woman in childbirth? Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to tell the people that their capture is just the beginning of the suffering they will go through. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "These things that you will suffer are like the beginning of the labor pains of a woman in childbirth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/22.md b/jer/13/22.md index 050b1dcfb9..ebad52e8e7 100644 --- a/jer/13/22.md +++ b/jer/13/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to talk to Jeremiah. He is telling Jeremiah what to say to the # that your skirts are raised up and you have been violated This means that the enemy soldiers will rape the Judean women. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the enemy soldiers will lift up the skirts of your women and rape them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/23.md b/jer/13/23.md index 7ee31d8ec8..19166f5d4a 100644 --- a/jer/13/23.md +++ b/jer/13/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to state an example of something that is imposs # If so, then you yourself, although accustomed to wickedness, would be able to do good This statement is ironic because the examples about the Cushite and the leopard are impossible situations. This states that if those impossible things could happen then they could do good. Alternate translation: "Just like these things are impossible, so it is also impossible for you who always do evil to do good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/24.md b/jer/13/24.md index 0fe30b2cd9..9722a1a995 100644 --- a/jer/13/24.md +++ b/jer/13/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will scatter them like chaff that perishes in the desert wind "I will scatter them like chaff that is blown away by the wind." Yahweh is saying He will scatter His people throughout the world just as chaff is scattered by the wind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/25.md b/jer/13/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/13/25.md +++ b/jer/13/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/13/26.md b/jer/13/26.md index f7fff209df..7cec8976f6 100644 --- a/jer/13/26.md +++ b/jer/13/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I myself will strip your skirts off you, and your nakedness will be seen. This means that Yahweh will make them feel ashamed. These words do not in any way mean that he will rape them. The word "nakedness" is a metonym for the person's private parts. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It is as though I myself will strip your skirts off of you so that everyone will see your private parts and you will be ashamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/27.md b/jer/13/27.md index c5d37ad37d..10fdf901b3 100644 --- a/jer/13/27.md +++ b/jer/13/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # neighing This is the sound of a male horse desiring a female horse. Alternate translation: "lusting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/13/intro.md b/jer/13/intro.md index 23b733edd8..e9c760be35 100644 --- a/jer/13/intro.md +++ b/jer/13/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Jeremiah 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 13:15-27. ===Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter === -#### Symbolism +### Symbolism The action of hiding the undergarment was intended to be a symbolic event. It was supposed to get the Jews' attention and be a lesson for them to learn. Jeremiah performed the action, but it was not the action itself that was important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The action of hiding the undergarment was intended to be a symbolic event. It wa * __[Jeremiah 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/14/01.md b/jer/14/01.md index bb02fa2d1b..41d7c4d936 100644 --- a/jer/14/01.md +++ b/jer/14/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh, through the prophet Jeremiah, has just talked about the adultery of the # This is the word of Yahweh that came to Jeremiah This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "This is the message that Yahweh gave to Jeremiah" or "This is the message that Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/02.md b/jer/14/02.md index d8297aef49..c5826074b5 100644 --- a/jer/14/02.md +++ b/jer/14/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "gates," which keep enemies out of cities and where people conduct # their cries for Jerusalem are going up The phrase "going up" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "They are calling out loudly in prayer for Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/03.md b/jer/14/03.md index e76ee3202c..90e0d3c47e 100644 --- a/jer/14/03.md +++ b/jer/14/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these words have similar meaning and together emphasize that the servant # they cover their heads In biblical times, people would wear a headcovering to show that they were ashamed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/04.md b/jer/14/04.md index 5578071dc4..9b93e34a23 100644 --- a/jer/14/04.md +++ b/jer/14/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh, through the prophet Jeremiah, has continued to tell the people about the # The plowmen are ashamed and cover their heads In biblical times, people would wear a headcovering to show that they were ashamed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/05.md b/jer/14/05.md index 0bdc028818..4a23739052 100644 --- a/jer/14/05.md +++ b/jer/14/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrase have the same meaning and emphasize that the doe leaves her you # for there is no grass This means that there is no grass for the deer to eat. Alternate translation: "for there is no grass for them to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/06.md b/jer/14/06.md index c09336ca62..0c08c96ee0 100644 --- a/jer/14/06.md +++ b/jer/14/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of the donkeys panting because they are thirsty by saying that they # Their eyes fail to work, for there is no vegetation "They become blind because there is no grass to eat" - diff --git a/jer/14/07.md b/jer/14/07.md index 66b98100d6..5f93572110 100644 --- a/jer/14/07.md +++ b/jer/14/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here their "iniquities" are spoken of as if they were people who testified again # for the sake of your name Here Yahweh's "name" refers to his reputation. Alternate translation: "for the sake of your reputation" or "in order that everyone can see that you are very great and keep your promises" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/08.md b/jer/14/08.md index a50b8a2cf2..a92924a38a 100644 --- a/jer/14/08.md +++ b/jer/14/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people are asking if Yahweh is unconcerned with his people and unable to hel # why will you be like a stranger in the land, like a foreign wanderer ... just one night This question speaks of the possibility of Yahweh being unconcerned with helping his people as if he were a stranger just travelling though a place unconcerned with those living there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/09.md b/jer/14/09.md index e63a99a4b0..4072152812 100644 --- a/jer/14/09.md +++ b/jer/14/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ unable to understand or to think clearly # your name is called over us This can be stated in active form. This speaks of the people being Yahweh's people by saying that his name is over them. Alternate translation: "we bear your name" or "we are your people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/10.md b/jer/14/10.md index 221e521a47..3805fadb05 100644 --- a/jer/14/10.md +++ b/jer/14/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the people are referred to by their "feet" to emphasize their walking away # calls to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "remembers" or "recalls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/11.md b/jer/14/11.md index 8b8b2c18ea..31aa1d78a6 100644 --- a/jer/14/11.md +++ b/jer/14/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on behalf of "to assist" or "to help" - diff --git a/jer/14/12.md b/jer/14/12.md index cc0f7d1193..f8d23cde80 100644 --- a/jer/14/12.md +++ b/jer/14/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "I will cause them to die" (See: [[r # by sword Here war is represented by the "sword" which was the common weapon used in battle. Alternate translation: "by war" or "by battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/13.md b/jer/14/13.md index 2fc2a468a3..2156065682 100644 --- a/jer/14/13.md +++ b/jer/14/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "sword" represents war, and to "see" represents experiencing. Alternate tra # I will give you true peace Here "peace" is spoken of as if it were an object that someone could give to another person. Alternate translation: "I will allow you to live securely" or "I will make it so there is peace where you live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/14.md b/jer/14/14.md index 9bcf4fe4c1..284a23b837 100644 --- a/jer/14/14.md +++ b/jer/14/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that Yahweh did not send them out with messages to give to the people # the deceitfulness of their hearts "the deceitful things that they think up themselves" - diff --git a/jer/14/15.md b/jer/14/15.md index 20e36aa0ba..aba96efcad 100644 --- a/jer/14/15.md +++ b/jer/14/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his repre # there will be no sword ... perish by sword Here the "sword" represents war. Alternate translation: "there will be no war ... perish by war" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/16.md b/jer/14/16.md index 4258f6d3d1..ef1b3e988c 100644 --- a/jer/14/16.md +++ b/jer/14/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This describes who is referred to by the word "them," that is, everyone who died # I will pour out their wickedness on them Here Yahweh speaks of punishing the people in accordance to their wicknedness as if their own wickedness were a liquid that he would pour upon them. Alternate translation: "I will punish them like they deserve to be punished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/17.md b/jer/14/17.md index 076a70780a..bd23bdaf62 100644 --- a/jer/14/17.md +++ b/jer/14/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here two opposite times of the day are given to mean all the time. Alternate tra # incurable wound a cut or break in skin that cannot be cured - diff --git a/jer/14/18.md b/jer/14/18.md index af0599f8b9..ca51063f9b 100644 --- a/jer/14/18.md +++ b/jer/14/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ move around without purpose # they do not know It may be helpful to state what they do not know. Alternate translation: "they do not know what they are doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/19.md b/jer/14/19.md index 2f725a33ba..87e6f7273a 100644 --- a/jer/14/19.md +++ b/jer/14/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for a time of healing The understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: "we hoped for a time of healing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/20.md b/jer/14/20.md index a75e2ac5f5..d554b6d7a6 100644 --- a/jer/14/20.md +++ b/jer/14/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We admit, Yahweh, our offenses, the iniquity of our ancestors "Yahweh, we admit our wicked offenses and our ancestors' iniquity" - diff --git a/jer/14/21.md b/jer/14/21.md index 8f15087bcd..8d04fabc43 100644 --- a/jer/14/21.md +++ b/jer/14/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh's "name" refers to his reputation. Alternate translation: "For the s # your glorious throne Yahweh's "throne" is represented by Zion, that is Jerusalem. His "throne" also represents the place where he rules as king. Alternate translation: "do disgrace Zion where you glorious throne is" or "do not disgrace Zion, where you rule as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/14/22.md b/jer/14/22.md index 7588520802..7e159a7d97 100644 --- a/jer/14/22.md +++ b/jer/14/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # can the skies themselves send down showers "Can the skies decide when they make the rain to fall?" - diff --git a/jer/14/intro.md b/jer/14/intro.md index 3f30691c59..db8b387d86 100644 --- a/jer/14/intro.md +++ b/jer/14/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Jeremiah 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 14:1-10, 17-22. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### False prophets +### False prophets The false prophets promised there would not be any war or drought. They gave people a false sense of hope, when they needed to repent. Because of this, Yahweh sent a drought and said that the false prophets would die of drought and war. This showed that these were not true prophets of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The false prophets promised there would not be any war or drought. They gave peo * __[Jeremiah 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/15/01.md b/jer/15/01.md index dce6e0d05c..22aff75839 100644 --- a/jer/15/01.md +++ b/jer/15/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This implies that they are pleading for Yahweh to spare the people. Alternate tr # Send them out from before me, for them to go away Yahweh repeats this idea of sending away his people to add emphasis to it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/02.md b/jer/15/02.md index 869a927f98..53e0a700bc 100644 --- a/jer/15/02.md +++ b/jer/15/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that Yahweh has appointed these to die because of famine, and these w # should go to captivity "should go into captivity" - diff --git a/jer/15/03.md b/jer/15/03.md index 5277f23cea..c4f85164f7 100644 --- a/jer/15/03.md +++ b/jer/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh has just told them he will send some of them to death, some to die by the # the sword Here the "sword" refers to the enemy soldiers. Alternate translation: "the enemy soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/04.md b/jer/15/04.md index 2ce34c1e44..b00a503a19 100644 --- a/jer/15/04.md +++ b/jer/15/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to the people of Judah, not to the four groups liste # because of what Manasseh ... did in Jerusalem Manasseh was a very wicked king who did many evil things in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "because of the wicked things that Manasseh ... did in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/05.md b/jer/15/05.md index 91758616fa..9bbbc726b0 100644 --- a/jer/15/05.md +++ b/jer/15/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one should mourn for J # for you, Jerusalem Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "for you people who live in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/06.md b/jer/15/06.md index 70e6774be3..51a80bb3d1 100644 --- a/jer/15/06.md +++ b/jer/15/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # I will strike you with my hand Here "hand" represents power. Alternate translation: "I will use my power to strike you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/07.md b/jer/15/07.md index bd041420c9..484b789956 100644 --- a/jer/15/07.md +++ b/jer/15/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a farm tool with a long handle and sharp metal prongs, used especially for lifti # I will bereave them "I will cause their children to die" or "I will let their enemies kill their children" - diff --git a/jer/15/08.md b/jer/15/08.md index 157275d0c9..c7a5bc8ec8 100644 --- a/jer/15/08.md +++ b/jer/15/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that Yahweh will send an enemy army to kill young men, which will cau # fall on them This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "happen to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/09.md b/jer/15/09.md index 7b1bc59b45..3f2be737bb 100644 --- a/jer/15/09.md +++ b/jer/15/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the "sword" represents the enemy soldiers. This means that Yahweh will allo # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/10.md b/jer/15/10.md index 3c53ff19bf..cdc2901071 100644 --- a/jer/15/10.md +++ b/jer/15/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "strife" and "argument" mean basically the same thing. Together they e # I have not lent, nor has anyone lent to me This refers to lending money to people. Often lending money causes people to fight with one another. Alternate translation: "I have not lent money to anyone, nor has anyone lent money to me" or "I have not made anyone angry by lending or borrow money and then quarreling about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/11.md b/jer/15/11.md index c202885256..262a719e56 100644 --- a/jer/15/11.md +++ b/jer/15/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Those are the enemies of Jeremiah who disagreed with his prophecies. # in the time of calamity and distress Here the words "calamity" and "distress" mean basically the same thing. They emphasize the amount or intensity of the calamity. Alternate translation: "in the time of great calamity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/12.md b/jer/15/12.md index 4fa735127b..c8a42989bb 100644 --- a/jer/15/12.md +++ b/jer/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Can one smash iron? Especially iron from the north that is mixed with bronze? In these questions Yahweh speaks of the strength of Judah's enemies as if they were iron mixed with bronze. These rhetorical questions can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can smash iron, especially if it is as strong as the iron from the north that is mixed with bronze." or "But Judah's enemies, who are as strong as iron or bronze, will attack Judah from the north, no one will be able to stop them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/13.md b/jer/15/13.md index 4bdc8f27c4..d6410384bc 100644 --- a/jer/15/13.md +++ b/jer/15/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "all of the sins you # within all your borders "throughout your country" - diff --git a/jer/15/14.md b/jer/15/14.md index 198bd9f373..c5b4721c6d 100644 --- a/jer/15/14.md +++ b/jer/15/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of his wrath as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: "fo # kindled to light a fire - diff --git a/jer/15/15.md b/jer/15/15.md index 05a500ed92..c117358623 100644 --- a/jer/15/15.md +++ b/jer/15/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks to Yahweh. # You are patient, but do not allow them to take me away Jeremiah is asking Yahweh not to be patient with the sins of his enemies. The phrase "take me away" refers to him being killed. Alternate translation: "Please do not continue to be patient with them and allow them to kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/16.md b/jer/15/16.md index 1c929c9505..12bd3e1a65 100644 --- a/jer/15/16.md +++ b/jer/15/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the "heart" represents a person emotions and feelings. Alternate translatio # I bear your name "people know that I serve you" - diff --git a/jer/15/17.md b/jer/15/17.md index 31b36aa409..188b9c8493 100644 --- a/jer/15/17.md +++ b/jer/15/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I did not spend time with" (See: [[rc: # of your powerful hand Here Yahweh's "powerful hand" refers to his control and influence over Jeremiah. Alternate translation: "you powerfully influence me" or "you are the one who controls what I do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/18.md b/jer/15/18.md index 154eb14f2c..44cdbd22c2 100644 --- a/jer/15/18.md +++ b/jer/15/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of Jeremiah's wound as if it were a person that refuses to be healed # Will you be like deceitful waters to me, waters that dry up? Jeremiah uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he feels like he cannot depend on Yahweh. He speaks of this as if Yahweh were a stream that dries up. Alternate translation: "It feels like you are undependable to me, like a stream I go to for a drink only to find it dried up." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/19.md b/jer/15/19.md index ff6d787bee..41df09cbdb 100644 --- a/jer/15/19.md +++ b/jer/15/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah is compared to the mouth of Yahweh because he will be used to speak Yah # you yourself The pronoun, "yourself", is used here to emphasis the command was specifically for Jeremiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/20.md b/jer/15/20.md index c11fe61bf4..c0fed9a426 100644 --- a/jer/15/20.md +++ b/jer/15/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the people fighting with Jeremiah as if he were an army that they # save and rescue The words "save" and "rescue" mean the same thing and emphasize the safety that God promises. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/21.md b/jer/15/21.md index 6987a38bbf..cf0edd9877 100644 --- a/jer/15/21.md +++ b/jer/15/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to wicked people. Alternate translation: "wicked people" or "those w # the ruthless This nominal adjective refers to a person who is cruel and who does not care if he hurts other people. It is used here as a generic noun that refers to ruthless people in general, not one particular person. Alternate translation: "ruthless people" or "cruel people who will harm you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/jer/15/intro.md b/jer/15/intro.md index 9ad0e0e523..b17c8eae92 100644 --- a/jer/15/intro.md +++ b/jer/15/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Jeremiah 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 15:2, 5-21. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Do not pray for the people +### Do not pray for the people God told Jeremiah not to pray for the people because God was punishing them. This was meant to be an illustration for Jeremiah. Jeremiah was not to pray because the punishment was already determined. Yahweh also explains that even the great Moses could not help the sinful Jews. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Yahweh uses Gentile nations +### Yahweh uses Gentile nations + Yahweh is going to use the Gentile nations to punish Judah. This would have been very offensive to the Jews. They would have also been surprised to learn that Yahweh was using the Gentile nations to punish his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ Yahweh is going to use the Gentile nations to punish Judah. This would have been * __[Jeremiah 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/16/01.md b/jer/16/01.md index 3857d86cdf..b9d9016001 100644 --- a/jer/16/01.md +++ b/jer/16/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to me, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated it in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave me a message. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to me:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/02.md b/jer/16/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/16/02.md +++ b/jer/16/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/16/03.md b/jer/16/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/16/03.md +++ b/jer/16/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/16/04.md b/jer/16/04.md index db2456906e..87c6e8d6ca 100644 --- a/jer/16/04.md +++ b/jer/16/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The sons and daughters born in the land are compared to dung on the ground to em # they will come to an end by sword and famine The phrase "come to an end" is a mild way to say that they will die. The word "sword" represents an army whose soldiers fight with swords. The phrase represents dying in battle. Alternate translation: "they will die in battle or from famine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/05.md b/jer/16/05.md index a14c9ac771..294f19fe3e 100644 --- a/jer/16/05.md +++ b/jer/16/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of no longer acting towards the people with peace, steadfast love, # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/06.md b/jer/16/06.md index 1f55af599b..329c975372 100644 --- a/jer/16/06.md +++ b/jer/16/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one will bury them # no one will ... cut themselves or shave their heads for them Cutting oneself and shaving one's head were symbolic actions that expressed strong grief, especially when a loved one died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/07.md b/jer/16/07.md index a7c6a6d2ed..7fc2b6e841 100644 --- a/jer/16/07.md +++ b/jer/16/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two clauses have a similar meaning. God said basically the same thing twic # none must give a comforting cup Here the word "cup" represents the drink that the cup holds. Alternate translation: "none must give a comforting drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/08.md b/jer/16/08.md index 7e9088debb..623c28b8db 100644 --- a/jer/16/08.md +++ b/jer/16/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a banquet house "a house where people are feasting" - diff --git a/jer/16/09.md b/jer/16/09.md index 8abe834eba..5e8b0b64a4 100644 --- a/jer/16/09.md +++ b/jer/16/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This idiom means during their lifetime. Alternate translation: "during your life # the sound of joy and the sound of gladness, the sound of the groom and the sound of the bride See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:34](../07/34.md). - diff --git a/jer/16/10.md b/jer/16/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/16/10.md +++ b/jer/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/16/11.md b/jer/16/11.md index 65b80eaa80..d7cdd118a6 100644 --- a/jer/16/11.md +++ b/jer/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # worshiped and bowed down to them The words "bowed down to" mean basically the same thing as "worshiped" and describe the posture that people used in worship. God said essentially the same thing twice for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/12.md b/jer/16/12.md index 47812166e9..b3f73c200d 100644 --- a/jer/16/12.md +++ b/jer/16/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of a person's actions as if the person were walking along a path. # who listens to me "who does what I tell him to do" - diff --git a/jer/16/13.md b/jer/16/13.md index 86cbb4ab4f..11d41af211 100644 --- a/jer/16/13.md +++ b/jer/16/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of forcefully removing the people from the land as if he were thro # by day and night The mention of both "day" and "night" means all the time. Alternate translation: "all the time" or "continually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/14.md b/jer/16/14.md index 6b095b0d63..5cc250889d 100644 --- a/jer/16/14.md +++ b/jer/16/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when people will no l # As Yahweh lives "As surely as Yahweh is alive." The people use this expression to show that what they say next is certainly true. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 4:2](../04/02.md). Alternate translation: "I solemnly swear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/15.md b/jer/16/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/16/15.md +++ b/jer/16/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/16/16.md b/jer/16/16.md index b0cb509026..f63823d6f5 100644 --- a/jer/16/16.md +++ b/jer/16/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # I will send for many hunters so they will hunt for them among Yahweh speaks of enemy armies who will attack and kill the people as if they were hunters who are hunting animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/17.md b/jer/16/17.md index 83e6eb3b78..5cd56f23dc 100644 --- a/jer/16/17.md +++ b/jer/16/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "they" may refer either to the people or to their actions. This ca # Their iniquity cannot be concealed from before my eyes Here the word "eyes" represents Yahweh who sees. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They cannot conceal their iniquity from me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/18.md b/jer/16/18.md index 5ab7bc4932..c04a3fca64 100644 --- a/jer/16/18.md +++ b/jer/16/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the land as if it were his inheritance that he has claimed as a # the corpses of their detestable idols and their abominations The idols never had life, so "corpses" here is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) the "detestable idols" and "abominations" themselves are the "corpses." Alternate translation: "their detestable idols and abominations, which are useless, like corpses" Or 2) the "detestable idols" are the religious symbols of a murderous society, the "abominations" are the disgusting practices of those who worship the idols, and the "corpses" are the innocent victims of those murderous, disgusting practices. Alternate translation: "the corpses of those whom you have killed with the abominations that your detestable idols command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/19.md b/jer/16/19.md index 263ed1d865..4911810f54 100644 --- a/jer/16/19.md +++ b/jer/16/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "deceit" refers to false gods. Alternate translation: "our ancesto # They are empty; there is no profit in them Here the words "They" and "them" refer to the false gods that the ancestors taught them to believe in. The two phrases mean basically the same thing, with the second explaining how they "are empty." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/20.md b/jer/16/20.md index e0fcb61c45..6013521bc3 100644 --- a/jer/16/20.md +++ b/jer/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do people make gods for themselves? But they are not gods The people ask this rhetorical question to emphasize that people cannot make gods for themselves. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "People cannot make gods for themselves. The things that they make are not gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/21.md b/jer/16/21.md index 9484532c77..19fd1151bb 100644 --- a/jer/16/21.md +++ b/jer/16/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hand" refers to power and authority. The two phrases mean basical # they will know that Yahweh is my name Here the word "name" refers to Yahweh's entire person. Alternate translation: "they will know that I am Yahweh, the true God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/16/intro.md b/jer/16/intro.md index 1a7cdb5ed5..a862d275e2 100644 --- a/jer/16/intro.md +++ b/jer/16/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Jeremiah 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 16:19-21. This poem also continues in chapter 17, and these should be seen as one section. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Coming punishment +### Coming punishment The punishment that is prophesied in this chapter will happen quickly. The author gives many illustrations which describe how quickly this punishment will come. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -#### Israel restored +### Israel restored God will bring his people back from captivity. Even though the punishment of Judah will be great, Yahweh promised a future restoration. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ God will bring his people back from captivity. Even though the punishment of Jud * __[Jeremiah 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/17/01.md b/jer/17/01.md index d652eada49..7f4e6d9980 100644 --- a/jer/17/01.md +++ b/jer/17/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The sinful habits of the people are spoken of as if their sins had been engraved # on the horns of your altars The word "horns" refers to the projections on the corners of the altars. - diff --git a/jer/17/02.md b/jer/17/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/17/02.md +++ b/jer/17/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/17/03.md b/jer/17/03.md index 3194cfda96..b1a6af69de 100644 --- a/jer/17/03.md +++ b/jer/17/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "wealth" and "treasures" mean the same thing and refer to anything tha # plunder This refers to things that people steal or take by force. - diff --git a/jer/17/04.md b/jer/17/04.md index 26cb83b447..854ea2bd21 100644 --- a/jer/17/04.md +++ b/jer/17/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the land as if it were an inheritance that he had given to the # you have ignited a fire in my wrath, which will burn forever Yahweh speaks of the fierceness of his anger as if his anger were a fire that burns those with whom he is angry. Alternate translation: "you have made me so angry that my anger will be like a fire that will burn forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/05.md b/jer/17/05.md index 013111c36b..2046fdf25d 100644 --- a/jer/17/05.md +++ b/jer/17/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "flesh" represents humans. Alternate translation: "he depends on m # turns his heart away from Yahweh Here the word "heart" refers to the thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: "turns his devotion away from Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/06.md b/jer/17/06.md index 6860bdb84d..b04db11cb0 100644 --- a/jer/17/06.md +++ b/jer/17/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person who trusts in man instead of Yahweh will be like a plant that struggl # the wilderness, barren land without inhabitants The phrase "barren land without inhabitants" describes and means basically the same thing as "wilderness." Alternate translation: "the barren wilderness where no person lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/07.md b/jer/17/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/17/07.md +++ b/jer/17/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/17/08.md b/jer/17/08.md index 26b6840c69..2c53818817 100644 --- a/jer/17/08.md +++ b/jer/17/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person who trusts in Yahweh will always prosper, just like a tree does when # It will not fear the heat when it comes ... It is not anxious in a year of drought Yahweh speaks of a tree that draws its water from a stream being unaffected by heat and drought as if the tree were unafraid of these things. Alternate translation: "The heat will not affect it when it comes ... No harm is caused to it in a year of drought" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/09.md b/jer/17/09.md index 48542cd945..6d807a0347 100644 --- a/jer/17/09.md +++ b/jer/17/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" refers to the minds and thoughts of people. Alternate tran # who can understand it? The speaker uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one can understand the human heart. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "no one can understand it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/10.md b/jer/17/10.md index a781ada9d3..860aca3af8 100644 --- a/jer/17/10.md +++ b/jer/17/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here a person's behavior is spoken of as if it were the paths along which he wal # the fruit of his deeds Here the results of a person's actions are spoken of as if they were fruit. Alternate translation: "what he has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/11.md b/jer/17/11.md index 96cc608e6a..c18118e552 100644 --- a/jer/17/11.md +++ b/jer/17/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The riches are spoken of as if they were servants who would abandon their owner. # in the end "at the end of his life" - diff --git a/jer/17/12.md b/jer/17/12.md index f7a173c895..47d3c6a1d7 100644 --- a/jer/17/12.md +++ b/jer/17/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of the sanctuary being a "glorious throne" because it is there t # The place of our sanctuary This refers to Mount Zion in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/jer/17/13.md b/jer/17/13.md index 9e25071b96..8a893455ef 100644 --- a/jer/17/13.md +++ b/jer/17/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of Yahweh being the source of life as if he were a fountain of l # the fountain of living waters Jeremiah speaks of fresh, running water as if it were living water. Alternate translation: "the fountain of fresh, running water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/14.md b/jer/17/14.md index 901d7b584d..f4d505c412 100644 --- a/jer/17/14.md +++ b/jer/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you really will have # For you are my song of praise Possible meanings are 1) "For you are the one whom I praise" or 2) "For you are the reason I sing praise." - diff --git a/jer/17/15.md b/jer/17/15.md index fb5df44a9e..88a7b523b2 100644 --- a/jer/17/15.md +++ b/jer/17/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people use this question to ridicule Jeremiah because the things that he sai # Let it come "Let what Yahweh has said happen" - diff --git a/jer/17/16.md b/jer/17/16.md index cf9a1d5e35..fe005d36ca 100644 --- a/jer/17/16.md +++ b/jer/17/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "lips" represents Jeremiah who spoke. The word "proclamations" can # They were made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I made them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/17.md b/jer/17/17.md index 7da156dd5e..6834649151 100644 --- a/jer/17/17.md +++ b/jer/17/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of Yahweh as a place where enemies cannot attack him. (See: [[rc # on the day of calamity "in times of calamity" - diff --git a/jer/17/18.md b/jer/17/18.md index 7313f84626..1b07e9df47 100644 --- a/jer/17/18.md +++ b/jer/17/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase means basically the same thing as the previous one and adds emphasis # shatter them with a double share of destruction Jeremiah speaks of Yahweh destroying his enemies as if they were objects that Yahweh would shatter. The idiom "a double share" means to give twice as much. Alternate translation: "shatter them with complete destruction" or "destroy them twice as much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/19.md b/jer/17/19.md index c1eebe3984..3186bfdf12 100644 --- a/jer/17/19.md +++ b/jer/17/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then in all the other gates of Jerusalem The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "then go and stand in all the other gates of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/20.md b/jer/17/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/17/20.md +++ b/jer/17/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/17/21.md b/jer/17/21.md index 83ab9319fc..e3d763f212 100644 --- a/jer/17/21.md +++ b/jer/17/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for the sake of your lives "to protect your lives" - diff --git a/jer/17/22.md b/jer/17/22.md index b383400011..6633f18f35 100644 --- a/jer/17/22.md +++ b/jer/17/22.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # set apart the Sabbath day -God had commanded his people treat the Sabbath day as special day to rest and to worship him. Alternate translation: "set apart the Sabbath to Yahweh" or "keep the Sabbath day holy" +God had commanded his people treat the Sabbath day as special day to rest and to worship him. Alternate translation: "set apart the Sabbath to Yahweh" or "keep the Sabbath day holy" diff --git a/jer/17/23.md b/jer/17/23.md index eb897af64e..c8f3f2ad2a 100644 --- a/jer/17/23.md +++ b/jer/17/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people re # stiffened their neck Jeremiah speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had made their necks stiff and unmovable. Alternate translation: "became stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/24.md b/jer/17/24.md index 464f678893..9e126219aa 100644 --- a/jer/17/24.md +++ b/jer/17/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # set apart the Sabbath day See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 17:22](../17/22.md). - diff --git a/jer/17/25.md b/jer/17/25.md index 264b859892..b2783b5824 100644 --- a/jer/17/25.md +++ b/jer/17/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the throne that the king of Judah sits on is represented as "David's throne # this city will be inhabited forever This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will inhabit this city forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/26.md b/jer/17/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/17/26.md +++ b/jer/17/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/17/27.md b/jer/17/27.md index f67f8a7fde..66cafd14c5 100644 --- a/jer/17/27.md +++ b/jer/17/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it cannot be put out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people cannot put it out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/17/intro.md b/jer/17/intro.md index b9758cce46..242dd2744b 100644 --- a/jer/17/intro.md +++ b/jer/17/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Jeremiah 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 17:1-18. This poem is a continuation of 16:19-21, and these should be seen as one section. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Trusting God or humans +### Trusting God or humans Trust is an important part of this chapter. Those who trust in human wisdom will not prosper. Those who trust in God will have all of their needs met. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Simile +### Simile The person who depends on the power of other people is compared to a bush in the desert which always has to struggle for life. But the person who trusts in God is like a tree growing by a stream and has all his needs supplied. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The person who depends on the power of other people is compared to a bush in the * __[Jeremiah 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/18/01.md b/jer/18/01.md index 9902eff5d9..9060e71afa 100644 --- a/jer/18/01.md +++ b/jer/18/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word that came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 7:1](../07/01.md). Alternate translation: "This is the message that Yahweh gave to Jeremiah. He said, 'Arise" or "This is the message that Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah: 'Arise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/02.md b/jer/18/02.md index a4b604c428..9a4db1471f 100644 --- a/jer/18/02.md +++ b/jer/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the potter's house "the workshop of the potter." A potter is someone who makes pots from clay. - diff --git a/jer/18/03.md b/jer/18/03.md index 856449c3f9..d4d8998cbb 100644 --- a/jer/18/03.md +++ b/jer/18/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have # on the potter's wheel The potter's wheel is a small table that spins. A potter uses it to make pots. - diff --git a/jer/18/04.md b/jer/18/04.md index d91e2ac80b..70a9f33cd5 100644 --- a/jer/18/04.md +++ b/jer/18/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ He stopped making the pot, crushed the clay back into a lump, and then used that # that was pleasing in his eyes Here the word "eyes" represents sight and sight represents one's opinion. Alternate translation: "that he thought was good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/05.md b/jer/18/05.md index 3857d86cdf..b9d9016001 100644 --- a/jer/18/05.md +++ b/jer/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to me, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated it in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave me a message. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to me:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/06.md b/jer/18/06.md index e9764c26dd..6ebce2e680 100644 --- a/jer/18/06.md +++ b/jer/18/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # Like clay in a potter's hand—that is how you are in my hand Yahweh compares his being able to remake Israel as he see fit to the way that the potter is able to remake a lump of clay as he sees fit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/07.md b/jer/18/07.md index 0965311b68..bc507ba9df 100644 --- a/jer/18/07.md +++ b/jer/18/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tear it down, or destroy it These two expressions basically mean the same thing. In the first expression, Yahweh speaks of destroying a kingdom as if the kingdom were a plant or a building that he tears down. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/08.md b/jer/18/08.md index 771790eb7f..840215f850 100644 --- a/jer/18/08.md +++ b/jer/18/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # relent from "withhold" or "not bring" - diff --git a/jer/18/09.md b/jer/18/09.md index 348e1c9c67..8f6767c5f0 100644 --- a/jer/18/09.md +++ b/jer/18/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # build it up or plant it These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Yahweh speaks of strengthening kingdoms as if they were buildings that he would build, and as if they were plants that he would plant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/10.md b/jer/18/10.md index 2f411939d8..5020a12fef 100644 --- a/jer/18/10.md +++ b/jer/18/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "it" refers to a nation or kingdom, which is a metonym for the peo # not listening to my voice Here the word "voice" represents the words that Yahweh speaks. Here, "not listening" is an idiom that means that they do not obey. Alternate translation: "not obeying what I say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/11.md b/jer/18/11.md index 92f26d6893..93ea686473 100644 --- a/jer/18/11.md +++ b/jer/18/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of a person's lifestyle as if it were a "way" or path along which # so your ways and your practices will bring good to you The words "ways" and "practices" both refer to a person's actions and general lifestyle. Alternate translation: "so your actions will result in good happening to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/12.md b/jer/18/12.md index 3853059f5a..f22eb56790 100644 --- a/jer/18/12.md +++ b/jer/18/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings for this idiom are 1) the people do not care about what Jeremi # what his evil, stubborn heart desires Here the word "heart" represents the person's mind or will. Alternate translation: "what his evil, stubborn mind desires" or "whatever evil things that we stubbornly want to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/13.md b/jer/18/13.md index 5116f86ffe..2bb4926b67 100644 --- a/jer/18/13.md +++ b/jer/18/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "nations" represents the people in the nations. Yahweh asks this q # The virgin Israel has committed a horrible act It was common to refer to nations as if they were women. Yahweh speaks of Israel being pure and faithful towards him as if she were a virgin and of Israel being unfaithful to him as if she had "committed a horrible act." Alternate translation: "Israel, who is like a virgin, has done something horrible" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/14.md b/jer/18/14.md index 0384fcca77..a968a09809 100644 --- a/jer/18/14.md +++ b/jer/18/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the snow on the mountains # Are the mountain streams coming from far away ever destroyed, those cold streams? Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the mountain streams never cease to flow. He speaks of the streams drying up as if they were destroyed. Alternate translation: "Those cold mountain streams that come from far away never cease to flow." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/15.md b/jer/18/15.md index a1b77575e8..0bf051acce 100644 --- a/jer/18/15.md +++ b/jer/18/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of a person's lifestyle as if it were a path along which he walks, # they have left the ancient paths to walk lesser paths Yahweh speaks of a person's lifestyle as if it were a path along which he walks. Here, "the ancient paths" represents the way that Yahweh had told their ancestors to live and "lesser paths" represents living unfaithfully to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/16.md b/jer/18/16.md index 51694ce1c9..1a701a28f4 100644 --- a/jer/18/16.md +++ b/jer/18/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hissing" refers to a sound that shows strong disapproval and can be tr # passes by her Here the word "her" refers to "Their land." - diff --git a/jer/18/17.md b/jer/18/17.md index 742b90c275..bae3e491a5 100644 --- a/jer/18/17.md +++ b/jer/18/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to "my people." # I will show them my back, and not my face "I will turn my back toward them, and not my face." Turning one's back towards someone is a symbolic action that represents rejection and turning one's face towards someone is a symbolic action that represents favor. Alternate translation: "I will reject them and not act favorably towards them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/18.md b/jer/18/18.md index 6b347f9dc7..39ab44bd1e 100644 --- a/jer/18/18.md +++ b/jer/18/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "words" represents messages that the prophets speak from Yahweh. Alternate # attack him with our words The people speak of speaking harmful words against Jeremiah as if their words were weapons with which they attack him. Alternate translation: "say things that will harm him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/19.md b/jer/18/19.md index dc11e519b1..98113b52b2 100644 --- a/jer/18/19.md +++ b/jer/18/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pay attention to me Here Jeremiah begins speaking to Yahweh. - diff --git a/jer/18/20.md b/jer/18/20.md index 30119dfe7c..c9b5f14d73 100644 --- a/jer/18/20.md +++ b/jer/18/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of his enemies planning to kill him as if they had dug a pit in # to cause your fury to turn away from them Here the word "fury" represents the punishment that Yahweh intended to inflict upon them. Jeremiah speaks of Yahweh not punishing them as if he were turning his fury away from them. Alternate translation: "so that you would not punish them in your anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/21.md b/jer/18/21.md index 43ac87b814..09927bb058 100644 --- a/jer/18/21.md +++ b/jer/18/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. This can be stated in active # their young men killed by the sword in battle The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "let their young men be killed by the sword in battle" or "let people kill their young men with swords in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/22.md b/jer/18/22.md index a0c13ce255..38ea9812c2 100644 --- a/jer/18/22.md +++ b/jer/18/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 18:20](../18/20.md). # have hidden traps for my feet Here the word "feet" represents Jeremiah. Alternate translation: "have hidden traps for me" or "have hidden traps for me to step on" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/23.md b/jer/18/23.md index 2aef3db4d6..f5da01c446 100644 --- a/jer/18/23.md +++ b/jer/18/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let people overthrow # in the time of your wrath The word "wrath" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "when you are still angry with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/18/intro.md b/jer/18/intro.md index c94785d3f4..eaa423b6c2 100644 --- a/jer/18/intro.md +++ b/jer/18/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,18 @@ # Jeremiah 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 18:13-17, 19-23. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Attacking Jeremiah +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Attacking Jeremiah + Things were so bad in Judah, they even attacked Jeremiah. To attack Yahweh's prophet was to attack Yahweh himself. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Simile +### Simile Like a potter can change what he is making from one type of pot to another, God can change his plans and not punish people if they repent. The image of God as a potter and mankind as clay is an important one in Scripture. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Like a potter can change what he is making from one type of pot to another, God * __[Jeremiah 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/19/01.md b/jer/19/01.md index e16a45ea59..cc25b6aad4 100644 --- a/jer/19/01.md +++ b/jer/19/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A potter is someone who makes pots from clay. # flask "jar" or "bottle" - diff --git a/jer/19/02.md b/jer/19/02.md index 37508a30e4..0dddd1aba3 100644 --- a/jer/19/02.md +++ b/jer/19/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Valley of Ben Hinnom This is the name of a valley south of the city of Jerusalem, where people sacrificed to false gods. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:31](../07/31.md). - diff --git a/jer/19/03.md b/jer/19/03.md index eb3df9d48b..7b6efab86d 100644 --- a/jer/19/03.md +++ b/jer/19/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "ears ... will tingle" is an idiom that means everyone will be shocked by w # will tingle Possible meanings are 1) "will ring" or 2) "will quiver." - diff --git a/jer/19/04.md b/jer/19/04.md index c1cdd9040f..7fb6c19778 100644 --- a/jer/19/04.md +++ b/jer/19/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to the people of Judah. # filled this place with innocent blood Here "innocent blood" represents the murder of innocent people. Yahweh speaks of murdering many people as filling a place with blood. Alternate translation: "murdered many innocent people in this place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/19/05.md b/jer/19/05.md index b8e34d9e75..c03431ef56 100644 --- a/jer/19/05.md +++ b/jer/19/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nor did it enter my mind Here the word "mind" refers to Yahweh's thoughts. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:31](../07/31.md). Alternate translation: "nor did I ever think about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/19/06.md b/jer/19/06.md index 9f4cce6143..42765d5498 100644 --- a/jer/19/06.md +++ b/jer/19/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will no longer # Topheth ... the Valley of Ben Hinnom ... the Valley of Slaughter See how you translated the names of these places in [Jeremiah 7:31](../07/31.md). - diff --git a/jer/19/07.md b/jer/19/07.md index 04084f6a32..ad1a7287e8 100644 --- a/jer/19/07.md +++ b/jer/19/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the people of Judah and Jerusalem. # by the hand of the ones seeking their lives The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. The idiom "fall ... by the hand of" means to be killed by someone, with the word "hand" representing the whole person. Alternate translation: "I will enable those who want to kill them to kill them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/19/08.md b/jer/19/08.md index 8addcd347d..2bbaceb124 100644 --- a/jer/19/08.md +++ b/jer/19/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the object of hissing The word "hissing" refers to a sound that shows strong disapproval and can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "an object at which people hiss" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/19/09.md b/jer/19/09.md index 39835f56a8..5a5d0ca980 100644 --- a/jer/19/09.md +++ b/jer/19/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # distress them "bring upon them" - diff --git a/jer/19/10.md b/jer/19/10.md index 2b72807cca..1659a6ce77 100644 --- a/jer/19/10.md +++ b/jer/19/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the sight of the men who went with you The abstract noun "sight" can be expressed with the verb "watching." Alternate translation: "while the men who went with you are watching" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/19/11.md b/jer/19/11.md index 113e7da872..e21d75ecd8 100644 --- a/jer/19/11.md +++ b/jer/19/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # it could not be repaired again This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one can repair it again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/19/12.md b/jer/19/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/19/12.md +++ b/jer/19/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/19/13.md b/jer/19/13.md index 9898cfeacf..69e96afe68 100644 --- a/jer/19/13.md +++ b/jer/19/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the unclean people People who are not acceptable for God's purposes are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/19/14.md b/jer/19/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/19/14.md +++ b/jer/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/19/15.md b/jer/19/15.md index 65387c5553..ba2e47fbd1 100644 --- a/jer/19/15.md +++ b/jer/19/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # stiffened their neck and refused to listen These two phrases both speak of the people being stubborn. In the first phrase, Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had made their necks stiff. Alternate translation: "stubbornly refused to listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/19/intro.md b/jer/19/intro.md index f4af01385f..092ddf91a0 100644 --- a/jer/19/intro.md +++ b/jer/19/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Jeremiah 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### People horrified +### People horrified The destruction of Jerusalem will be so complete that it will leave dead bodies everywhere and horrify people who see it. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ The destruction of Jerusalem will be so complete that it will leave dead bodies * __[Jeremiah 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/20/01.md b/jer/20/01.md index 2461c59084..540d66e5ac 100644 --- a/jer/20/01.md +++ b/jer/20/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah often wrote prophecy in the form of poetry. Hebrew poetry uses differen # Pashhur ... Immer These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/02.md b/jer/20/02.md index 56099d3678..a855fbf509 100644 --- a/jer/20/02.md +++ b/jer/20/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Stocks are a wooden frame with holes in it that people use to lock up a prisoner # Upper Gate of Benjamin This gate is different from the gate in the city wall that shared the same name. - diff --git a/jer/20/03.md b/jer/20/03.md index 963877ce96..931f615d08 100644 --- a/jer/20/03.md +++ b/jer/20/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a # you are Magor Missabib This name means "terror on every side" or "surrounded by terror." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/04.md b/jer/20/04.md index 82c9a0eb3c..cc04779b13 100644 --- a/jer/20/04.md +++ b/jer/20/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "eyes" represents Pashhur. Alternate translation: "you will see it # I will give all of Judah into the hand of the king of Babylon Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "I will enable the king of Babylon to conquer all of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/05.md b/jer/20/05.md index 5e52162c0b..63527be24e 100644 --- a/jer/20/05.md +++ b/jer/20/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh repeats the same basic idea four times for emphasis. Babylon will take aw # I will place these things in the hand of your enemies Placing things in people's hands represents giving thing to the people or allowing the people to take the things. Alternate translation: "I will give these things to your enemies" or "I will allow your enemies to take possession of these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/06.md b/jer/20/06.md index 89383a45bc..1d50a3eadd 100644 --- a/jer/20/06.md +++ b/jer/20/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You and all of your loved ones to whom you prophesied deceitful things will be buried there This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "There, people will bury you and all of your loved ones to whom you prophesied deceitful things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/07.md b/jer/20/07.md index 5778d75d95..dfda464548 100644 --- a/jer/20/07.md +++ b/jer/20/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the way others moc # laughingstock This is a person whom others laugh at and make fun of. - diff --git a/jer/20/08.md b/jer/20/08.md index 2c4c2dbef2..ac904145df 100644 --- a/jer/20/08.md +++ b/jer/20/08.md @@ -5,5 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he proclaimed # the word of Yahweh has brought me insult and mocking all the day Here "word" refers to the message of Yahweh. The words "insult" and "mocking" can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: "people insult and mock me all day because I proclaim Yahweh's message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - - diff --git a/jer/20/09.md b/jer/20/09.md index 08a40ca3af..ddd3edec51 100644 --- a/jer/20/09.md +++ b/jer/20/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "I will never mention Yahweh or say anything about him" # it is like a burning fire in my heart, held within my bones Here the words "heart" and "bones" represent Jeremiah's innermost being. Jeremiah speaks of being unable to not speak Yahweh's message as if Yahweh's message were a fire that burns within him. Alternate translation: "Yahweh's word is like a fire that burns deep within me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/10.md b/jer/20/10.md index 36f16a6378..65ea773174 100644 --- a/jer/20/10.md +++ b/jer/20/10.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Jeremiah's enemies say these words. # my men of peace -This is an ironic term for people whom the speaker thought were friends but turned out to be enemies. Alternate translation: "my treacherous friends" or "my so-called friends" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) +This is an ironic term for people whom the speaker thought were friends but turned out to be enemies. Alternate translation: "my treacherous friends" or "my so-called friends" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) # watches to see if I will fall @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jeremiah's enemies say these words. # Perhaps he can be tricked This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Perhaps we can trick him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/11.md b/jer/20/11.md index f765662a0b..dcd0f78ca5 100644 --- a/jer/20/11.md +++ b/jer/20/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will bring gre # it will never be forgotten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will never forget it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/12.md b/jer/20/12.md index ea4b4fc1c5..84102d3e29 100644 --- a/jer/20/12.md +++ b/jer/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # see the mind and the heart The word "mind" is a metonym for what a person thinks and decides, and the word "heart" is a metonym for what a person feels and desires. Alternate translation: "know every person's thoughts and feelings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/13.md b/jer/20/13.md index f76c23cd82..220c9f0fa7 100644 --- a/jer/20/13.md +++ b/jer/20/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who are oppressed from the hand of evildoers Here the word "hand" represents power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom evildoers oppress with their power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/14.md b/jer/20/14.md index 0f63625876..15e6a2fa73 100644 --- a/jer/20/14.md +++ b/jer/20/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Curse the day I was b # Do not let the day that my mother bore me be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not bless the day that my mother bore me" or "Do not let people bless the day that my mother bore me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/15.md b/jer/20/15.md index 2e27e7292f..bb7f959b6a 100644 --- a/jer/20/15.md +++ b/jer/20/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let the man who brought the joyful news to my father be cursed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Curse the man who informed my father" or "Let people curse the man who informed my father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/16.md b/jer/20/16.md index 6ad270d4c4..776c16dc7e 100644 --- a/jer/20/16.md +++ b/jer/20/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "he" refers to Yahweh. # Let him hear a cry for help Here the word "him" refers to "that man." - diff --git a/jer/20/17.md b/jer/20/17.md index 3634b39c22..c3e40db49b 100644 --- a/jer/20/17.md +++ b/jer/20/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of his dying while his mother was still pregnant with him as if # a womb that was pregnant forever Jeremiah speaks of his pregnant mother never giving birth to the baby in her womb as if she had been pregnant forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/18.md b/jer/20/18.md index e350dc0735..0931c0107e 100644 --- a/jer/20/18.md +++ b/jer/20/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "troubles" and "agony" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the # my days are filled with shame Here the word "days" represents all the days of Jeremiah's life. Alternate translation: "my life is filled with shame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/20/intro.md b/jer/20/intro.md index 34870eee87..9d416f0d25 100644 --- a/jer/20/intro.md +++ b/jer/20/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Jeremiah 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 20:7-18. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Pashhur -#### Pashhur This chapter prophesied punishment against a specific leader named Pashhur. He was in charge of protecting the temple and had Jeremiah beaten and arrested. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -#### Different Reactions to Suffering +### Different Reactions to Suffering + Jeremiah and the Jews reacted differently to suffering. Jeremiah told the Jews that God said that he would punish them and they would suffer, so the Jews became angry and were cruel to Jeremiah. Jeremiah suffered when they were cruel to him, and he complained to God about it. However, Jeremiah also praised God for always being with him, and he trusted that God would punish the people who had harmed him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Jeremiah and the Jews reacted differently to suffering. Jeremiah told the Jews t * __[Jeremiah 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/21/01.md b/jer/21/01.md index 88a61814e4..174b98b392 100644 --- a/jer/21/01.md +++ b/jer/21/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # and they said "Pashhur and Zephaniah said to Jeremiah" - diff --git a/jer/21/02.md b/jer/21/02.md index 9db94e6fec..2c5dd25d6b 100644 --- a/jer/21/02.md +++ b/jer/21/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a polite, but urgent request. Alternate translation: "Please speak to Y # will make him withdraw from us "will make him go away" - diff --git a/jer/21/03.md b/jer/21/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/21/03.md +++ b/jer/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/21/04.md b/jer/21/04.md index 2cc40e61c9..ae92f77375 100644 --- a/jer/21/04.md +++ b/jer/21/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This term here is another name for the Babylonians. # I will gather them Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will allow the Babylonians to enter the city or 2) Yahweh will cause the Israelites to bring their weapons back into the center of the city. - diff --git a/jer/21/05.md b/jer/21/05.md index cd6c18f965..00b1ffba16 100644 --- a/jer/21/05.md +++ b/jer/21/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these phrases are idiomatic expressions that refer to great power. Alter # with wrath, fury, and great anger These words all mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize the great intensity of his anger. Alternate translation: "with extremely great anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/21/06.md b/jer/21/06.md index cec2cbfc7f..f0c165896c 100644 --- a/jer/21/06.md +++ b/jer/21/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # inhabitants of this city "those who live in Jerusalem" - diff --git a/jer/21/07.md b/jer/21/07.md index d68513c03a..9df8416533 100644 --- a/jer/21/07.md +++ b/jer/21/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a metonym for death in battle. Alternate transl # He will not pity them, spare them, or have compassion These three phrases have the same meaning and emphasize that Nebuchadnezzar will deal severely with them. Alternate translation: "He will not show them any mercy or compassion at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/21/08.md b/jer/21/08.md index cee067979f..b53ab87094 100644 --- a/jer/21/08.md +++ b/jer/21/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I am about to place before you the way of life and the way of death Yahweh is offering the people of Jerusalem a choice that will determine whether they live or die. - diff --git a/jer/21/09.md b/jer/21/09.md index bb0bc79c1d..afd04806ea 100644 --- a/jer/21/09.md +++ b/jer/21/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This symbolic act represents surrender. Alternate translation: "surrendering to" # His life will be his loot The word "loot" here is a metaphor for something taken away from Jerusalem after the Babylonians conquer it. This is ironic because the Babylonians would take physical objects, but although the Judeans who surrendered would not die, they would take no physical objects with them. Alternate translation: "He will escape with his life" or "He will not die, but he will lose all his possessions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jer/21/10.md b/jer/21/10.md index a3d95e4d18..7720a8ef14 100644 --- a/jer/21/10.md +++ b/jer/21/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have given it" (See # into the hand of the king Here "hand" represents the power of the king to destroy the city. Alternate translation: "into the power of the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/21/11.md b/jer/21/11.md index 483f6212d5..a5ee0d4f9a 100644 --- a/jer/21/11.md +++ b/jer/21/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may serve as a title for 21:12-23:8. Alternate translation: "Listen to what # the house of the king of Judah The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to king and his family. Alternate translation: "the king of Judah and his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/21/12.md b/jer/21/12.md index 18fb52b5fc..3f93874e76 100644 --- a/jer/21/12.md +++ b/jer/21/12.md @@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ Jeremiah continues the simile of Yahweh's punishment as a fire that was so hot t # the wickedness of your practices -"the evil things you do" or "how evil what you do is." See how this is translated in [Jeremiah 4:4](../04/04.md). \ No newline at end of file +"the evil things you do" or "how evil what you do is." See how this is translated in [Jeremiah 4:4](../04/04.md). diff --git a/jer/21/13.md b/jer/21/13.md index 9318fcde10..3c7e2516a0 100644 --- a/jer/21/13.md +++ b/jer/21/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this may refer to Jerusalem, which was located above a # Who will come down to attack us? ... Who will enter our houses? These questions are used to state their confidence that they can resist attack. Alternate translation: "No one will attack us! ... No one will enter our houses!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/21/14.md b/jer/21/14.md index 564055e938..22ce8fecab 100644 --- a/jer/21/14.md +++ b/jer/21/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The result of their evil deeds is spoken of as fruit which grew from those pract # in the thickets Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor for the columns of wood that supported the palace or 2) these are literal patches of brush. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/21/intro.md b/jer/21/intro.md index 133b61d1af..9007b2fa3c 100644 --- a/jer/21/intro.md +++ b/jer/21/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Jeremiah 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 21:12-14. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Jerusalem doomed +### Jerusalem doomed God will fight against Jerusalem and will use the nation of Babylon to fight his battle. If the Jews wanted to live, they needed to surrender to Babylon. Most of the Jews would have rather died than to surrender to Babylon. Usually, fighting against a Gentile nation was a sign of trust in Yahweh's power. In this instance, it was a sign of trust in Yahweh to surrender. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ God will fight against Jerusalem and will use the nation of Babylon to fight his * __[Jeremiah 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/22/01.md b/jer/22/01.md index 610d11ebf5..323bea5f33 100644 --- a/jer/22/01.md +++ b/jer/22/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # proclaim this word "proclaim this message" - diff --git a/jer/22/02.md b/jer/22/02.md index 8df1bebcda..b091d75e9d 100644 --- a/jer/22/02.md +++ b/jer/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your people who come through these gates These gates are the gates of the king's palace. Alternate translation: "your people who come to visit the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/03.md b/jer/22/03.md index be2863eacb..d541998f00 100644 --- a/jer/22/03.md +++ b/jer/22/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "pour out ... blood" is associated with murder, and "blood" refers to the m # in this place Possible meanings are 1) Jerusalem or 2) the whole country of Judah. This does not imply that it is good to murder people in other places. - diff --git a/jer/22/04.md b/jer/22/04.md index cf88f6fb57..f56037823b 100644 --- a/jer/22/04.md +++ b/jer/22/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is a metonym that describes the kings as powerful and wealthy. (See: # he, his servants, and his people This sentence lists all who will be powerful and wealthy. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "he, his servants, and his people will ride into the palace on chariots and horses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/05.md b/jer/22/05.md index c2224a99ed..847e9855fa 100644 --- a/jer/22/05.md +++ b/jer/22/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this royal house This phrase here appears to refer specifically to the royal palace. - diff --git a/jer/22/06.md b/jer/22/06.md index 122b99251d..646ed7301e 100644 --- a/jer/22/06.md +++ b/jer/22/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "You are as beautiful as Gilead or the summit of Lebano # turn you into a wilderness What was formerly beautiful is said to become bare and deserted. Alternate translation: "cause you to become empty like the desert" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/07.md b/jer/22/07.md index 20dae49778..df00d22e4a 100644 --- a/jer/22/07.md +++ b/jer/22/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meaning are 1) the beams of the palace or 2) the leading men of the roy # fall into the fire Possible meanings are 1) a literal fire that will burn the palace beams or 2) the destruction of the royal family is spoken of as if they were burned in a fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/08.md b/jer/22/08.md index 74a6b5b9f9..d2fa82ce82 100644 --- a/jer/22/08.md +++ b/jer/22/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then many nations will pass by this city Here "nations" refers to the people from those nations that pass by. Alternate translation: "Then many people from various nations will pass by this city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/09.md b/jer/22/09.md index 58f547c5e7..cfb47b509f 100644 --- a/jer/22/09.md +++ b/jer/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bowed down to other gods and worshiped them These two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase "bowed down" describes the posture that people used in worship. Alternate translation: "they worshiped other gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/10.md b/jer/22/10.md index 62c39a37a6..e06e403d9c 100644 --- a/jer/22/10.md +++ b/jer/22/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to King Jehoahaz who was taken into exile in Egypt. # never return and see the land of his birth "never come back and see the land of Israel again" or "never return and see the place where he was born" - diff --git a/jer/22/11.md b/jer/22/11.md index 741318c723..f5b738ef25 100644 --- a/jer/22/11.md +++ b/jer/22/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name in Hebrew is "Shallum," but he is better known as Jehoahaz. (See: [[rc: # who served as king instead of Josiah his father "who became king when his father, Josiah, died" - diff --git a/jer/22/12.md b/jer/22/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/22/12.md +++ b/jer/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/22/13.md b/jer/22/13.md index 6636b2109c..c09a91f3cd 100644 --- a/jer/22/13.md +++ b/jer/22/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # him his wages This refers to any of the neighbors of King Jehoahaz (verse 11) whom the king forces to work. - diff --git a/jer/22/14.md b/jer/22/14.md index 9fadd537d9..e606c88b20 100644 --- a/jer/22/14.md +++ b/jer/22/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These refer to King Jehoahaz (verse 11). # a large house with spacious upper rooms ... large windows ... cedar ... red These characteristics all describe a very expensive house. - diff --git a/jer/22/15.md b/jer/22/15.md index a6478c8d87..2ddfdc0ea4 100644 --- a/jer/22/15.md +++ b/jer/22/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Jehoiakim about the example of hi # do justice and righteousness These abstract nouns have similar meanings, are repeated for emphasis and can be stated as actions. Alternate translation: "act justly and fairly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/16.md b/jer/22/16.md index cf1057d370..41447e61f3 100644 --- a/jer/22/16.md +++ b/jer/22/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to rebuke Jehoiakim for not following the e # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/17.md b/jer/22/17.md index 2631d61944..397cea0369 100644 --- a/jer/22/17.md +++ b/jer/22/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "pouring out ... blood" is associated with murder, and "blood" refers to th # crushing of others "doing violence to others in order to get money" - diff --git a/jer/22/18.md b/jer/22/18.md index bdcaf7c0b3..1c17559cd0 100644 --- a/jer/22/18.md +++ b/jer/22/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verse 18, Yahweh stops speaking directly to Jehoiakim and begins to speak to # Woe, my brother! ... Woe, my sister! ... Woe, master! ... Woe, majesty! Yahweh uses the word "Woe" several times for emphasis. He addresses the various people who would normally show great sadness when someone dies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/19.md b/jer/22/19.md index 893f4cd510..0448372764 100644 --- a/jer/22/19.md +++ b/jer/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will be buried with a donkey's burial, dragged away and thrown out The burial of Jehoiakim is spoken of as being the same as the manner in which people would bury a donkey. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They will bury his dead body the way they would bury a dead donkey; they will drag it away and throw it out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/20.md b/jer/22/20.md index 5b8534a46c..eae24e7aa0 100644 --- a/jer/22/20.md +++ b/jer/22/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom refers to shouting. In this case, they are crying out in grief. Alter # Abarim mountains a mountain range that was southeast of Jerusalem (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/21.md b/jer/22/21.md index 3ab5a7624b..60251cd546 100644 --- a/jer/22/21.md +++ b/jer/22/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # you have not listened to my voice Listening is a metonym for obeying. Alternate translation: "you have not obeyed me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/22.md b/jer/22/22.md index 6c166bb199..abc2b40d4d 100644 --- a/jer/22/22.md +++ b/jer/22/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a wordplay—Yahweh uses the idea of "shepherd" in two different ways. H # go into captivity "become captives" or "go into exile" - diff --git a/jer/22/23.md b/jer/22/23.md index 2418b2b59d..b1e84848e7 100644 --- a/jer/22/23.md +++ b/jer/22/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The meaning of the Hebrew is not clear. This can be stated in active form. Possi # when the labor pains come upon you, pain like that of a woman in labor The pain that the king will feel when his enemies defeat him will be as intense as the pain a woman feels in childbirth. Alternate translation: "when you experience pain as intense as the pain of a woman in childbirth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/24.md b/jer/22/24.md index 3dbaa74074..5195cf252e 100644 --- a/jer/22/24.md +++ b/jer/22/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A signet ring was used by a king to place his seal of authority on documents. Th # I would tear you off "I would tear you off from my hand" or "I would quickly pull you off of my hand" - diff --git a/jer/22/25.md b/jer/22/25.md index cb97832d71..c670b2588d 100644 --- a/jer/22/25.md +++ b/jer/22/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the metonym "hand" represents power and control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # seeking your life This phrase represents wanting or trying to kill someone. See how this phrase is translated in [Jeremiah 11:21](../11/21.md). Alternate translation: "trying to kill you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/26.md b/jer/22/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/22/26.md +++ b/jer/22/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/22/27.md b/jer/22/27.md index 374ed2d639..e7f739e632 100644 --- a/jer/22/27.md +++ b/jer/22/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this land to which they will want to return This refers to the land of Judah. - diff --git a/jer/22/28.md b/jer/22/28.md index e5228dacdc..f44c806955 100644 --- a/jer/22/28.md +++ b/jer/22/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This rhetorical question explains what will happen to the worthless Jehoiachin. # have poured them out Jehoiachin and his descendants are spoke of as if they had been poured out in another country like garbage from a vessel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/29.md b/jer/22/29.md index 47bbab4c0c..ff457eebda 100644 --- a/jer/22/29.md +++ b/jer/22/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Land, Land, Land Yahweh speaks his message to all the people of the land by calling out to the land where they live. The title is repeated to call attention to the message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/30.md b/jer/22/30.md index 964330f1ac..e47180d151 100644 --- a/jer/22/30.md +++ b/jer/22/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jehoiachin has several sons. This phrase, then, means it is as if he was childle # sit on David's throne Sitting on a throne is a metonym for ruling as king. Alternate translation: "become king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/22/intro.md b/jer/22/intro.md index bc1b28eece..c1dc8a370a 100644 --- a/jer/22/intro.md +++ b/jer/22/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Jeremiah 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 22:6-10, 13-28, 28-30. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Luxury and oppression +### Luxury and oppression Because the king lived in luxury and oppressed the poor, God was sending him and his mother into captivity unless he repented. The king lacked justice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Because the king lived in luxury and oppressed the poor, God was sending him and * __[Jeremiah 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/23/01.md b/jer/23/01.md index 5be6be3b40..ba0347ddd4 100644 --- a/jer/23/01.md +++ b/jer/23/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 1-4, Yahweh refers to Israel as his pasture, the people of Israel as h # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/02.md b/jer/23/02.md index 51549c8a32..231c97c4dd 100644 --- a/jer/23/02.md +++ b/jer/23/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have similar meanings. The second one strengthens the thought # the wickedness of your practices "the evil things you do" or "how evil what you do is." See how this is translated in [Jeremiah 4:4](../04/04.md). - diff --git a/jer/23/03.md b/jer/23/03.md index bbab49da81..37dc9552b5 100644 --- a/jer/23/03.md +++ b/jer/23/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh refers to the land of Israel as if it were good pasture for his people. T # they will be fruitful and increase The word "increase" explains how they will be "fruitful." Alternate translation: "they will increase greatly in number" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/04.md b/jer/23/04.md index e91d90bd5a..511f185b89 100644 --- a/jer/23/04.md +++ b/jer/23/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "be dismayed" mean that someone has caused them to be afraid and mean # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/05.md b/jer/23/05.md index a61b418832..353eb6b9c1 100644 --- a/jer/23/05.md +++ b/jer/23/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The abstract nouns "justice" and "righteousness" can be stated as actions. Alter # in the land Here "land" refers to the people who live in the land. Alternate translation: "for all the people in the nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/06.md b/jer/23/06.md index 31eb541f17..9400d86a18 100644 --- a/jer/23/06.md +++ b/jer/23/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ this refers to the king # Yahweh is our righteousness The abstract noun "righteousness" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, the one who does what is right for us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/07.md b/jer/23/07.md index 89b824c5ee..620623737e 100644 --- a/jer/23/07.md +++ b/jer/23/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "see" here alerts the reader to pay attention to the important informat # As Yahweh lives "as surely as Yahweh is alive." The people use this expression to show that what they say next is certainly true. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 4:2](../04/02.md). Alternate translation: "I solemnly swear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/08.md b/jer/23/08.md index 1a5674f2b0..99c0da1734 100644 --- a/jer/23/08.md +++ b/jer/23/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the way the northern ten tribes of Israel were captured and sprea # Then they will live in their own land This refers to Israel, from where they were scattered. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "Then they will live in their own land again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/09.md b/jer/23/09.md index 169a99ad28..05afbad018 100644 --- a/jer/23/09.md +++ b/jer/23/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here trembling is associated with fear. Alternate translation: "I am very afraid # I have become like a drunk man, like a man whom wine has overpowered People who are drunk are not able to control themselves. Likewise, Jeremiah has lost control of himself out of fear of Yahweh's punishment. Alternate translation: "I am like a drunk man; I cannot control myself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/10.md b/jer/23/10.md index fbc04a283d..8756972bb5 100644 --- a/jer/23/10.md +++ b/jer/23/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the dried up land is spoken of as if it were a person m # These prophets' paths are wicked The wicked actions of the false prophets are spoken of as if they were walking on an evil path. Alternate translation: "These prophets are doing things that are wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/11.md b/jer/23/11.md index 598f8d29cf..3b2a9e2d2b 100644 --- a/jer/23/11.md +++ b/jer/23/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah continues to deliver Yahweh's message about the false prophets and prie # the prophets and the priests are polluted The prophets and priests are defiled by sin in the same way that water can be polluted by filth. Alternate translation: "the prophets and the priests are sinful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/12.md b/jer/23/12.md index 3276330d3c..f58b93dccb 100644 --- a/jer/23/12.md +++ b/jer/23/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The danger of their actions is spoken of as if they were about to fall off the s # I will send disaster against them Yahweh speaks of disaster as an enemy that he will send to attack the priests and false prophets. Alternate translation: "I will cause them to experience disaster" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/13.md b/jer/23/13.md index 2e461f8200..97a69d3e6d 100644 --- a/jer/23/13.md +++ b/jer/23/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah continues to deliver Yahweh's message about the false prophets and prie # led my people Israel astray The deception of the people by the false prophets is spoken of as leading them down the wrong path. Alternate translation: "deceived my people, the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/14.md b/jer/23/14.md index e76b697925..0c74cd9c60 100644 --- a/jer/23/14.md +++ b/jer/23/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hands" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "They strengthen # All of them have become like Sodom ... like Gomorrah Sodom and Gomorrah were cities that were so wicked that God destroyed them with fire from heaven. Alternate translation: "They all became as evil as Sodom ... as wicked as Gomorrah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/15.md b/jer/23/15.md index 6f8193d9f8..a0f7e9a637 100644 --- a/jer/23/15.md +++ b/jer/23/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the evil teaching of the priests and false prophets is spoken of as if it w # pollution dirty and unsafe things that spoil the air, water, or land where they are found - diff --git a/jer/23/16.md b/jer/23/16.md index 735081151a..bb8665e675 100644 --- a/jer/23/16.md +++ b/jer/23/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "minds" refers to the thoughts of the false prophets. Alternate translation # not from Yahweh's mouth Here "mouth" refers to what Yahweh said. Alternate translation: "not what Yahweh said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/17.md b/jer/23/17.md index b8d4a08986..74597fcf90 100644 --- a/jer/23/17.md +++ b/jer/23/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to their desires. To follow those desires is spoken of as wa # Disaster will not come upon you "Nothing bad will happen to you" - diff --git a/jer/23/18.md b/jer/23/18.md index deade870cb..2842659dde 100644 --- a/jer/23/18.md +++ b/jer/23/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Standing in the Yahweh's council represents being one of those who meets with hi # pays attention to his word and listens These two phrases mean the same thing. They can be combined in one phrase. Alternate translation: "obeys his word at all" - diff --git a/jer/23/19.md b/jer/23/19.md index cc32eaaf33..43df8ad3b8 100644 --- a/jer/23/19.md +++ b/jer/23/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a violent windstorm # It is whirling around the heads of the wicked Yahweh's anger is spoken of as if it were a windstorm whirling around the wicked. Alternate translation: "It is coming upon the wicked like a windstorm" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/20.md b/jer/23/20.md index 2ad670b94e..6082119fac 100644 --- a/jer/23/20.md +++ b/jer/23/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart's purposes" refers to the things that Yahweh wanted to happen. Alter # the final days "the future" - diff --git a/jer/23/21.md b/jer/23/21.md index b85e4b3449..d6db84b4ba 100644 --- a/jer/23/21.md +++ b/jer/23/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is probably a hyperbolic metaphor for the prophets prophesying as much as t # they have still prophesied It is understood that they are prophesying falsely. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "they have prophesied falsely anyway" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/22.md b/jer/23/22.md index 35886915a8..78abfc166e 100644 --- a/jer/23/22.md +++ b/jer/23/22.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ This idiom means they would stop doing these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # the wickedness of their practices -"the evil things they do." See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 4:4](../04/04.md). \ No newline at end of file +"the evil things they do." See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 4:4](../04/04.md). diff --git a/jer/23/23.md b/jer/23/23.md index b255907f53..b8ccf17dd7 100644 --- a/jer/23/23.md +++ b/jer/23/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to rebuke the priests and false prophets for thinking # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/24.md b/jer/23/24.md index ad5c5bd284..d87c341317 100644 --- a/jer/23/24.md +++ b/jer/23/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to rebuke the priests and false prophets for thinking # do I not fill the heavens and the earth? Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he is everywhere in heaven and on earth. Alternate translation: "I am everywhere, both in the heavens and on the earth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/25.md b/jer/23/25.md index 33d9acd51c..0b91bbe2a4 100644 --- a/jer/23/25.md +++ b/jer/23/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase refers to speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his repre # I had a dream! They meant that this dream was from God. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "I had a dream from Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/26.md b/jer/23/26.md index bd2af39ce8..7e70200e38 100644 --- a/jer/23/26.md +++ b/jer/23/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this question to emphasize that this is something that should not co # prophesy lies from their minds ... prophesy from the deceit in their hearts These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the false prophets made up their prophesies. Alternate translation: "prophesy things that come only from their own minds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/27.md b/jer/23/27.md index 1c2271c4f9..e4c6348c7b 100644 --- a/jer/23/27.md +++ b/jer/23/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "name" refers to the whole being of Yahweh. Alternate translation: # in favor of Baal's name Here "Baal's name" refers to the god Baal. Alternate translation: "leading my people to worship Baal instead of me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/28.md b/jer/23/28.md index 8508a84da3..245f5088fd 100644 --- a/jer/23/28.md +++ b/jer/23/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to deliver his message about the false prophets and priests tha # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/29.md b/jer/23/29.md index afcd219a94..4d36ce300f 100644 --- a/jer/23/29.md +++ b/jer/23/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is not my word like fire? ... and like a hammer that shatters a rock into pieces? Yahweh uses these questions to emphasize that his word is much more powerful than the words of mere men. In that way, his word is like fire or a hammer. Alternate translation: "My word is powerful like fire ... and powerful like a hammer that shatters a rock into pieces." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/30.md b/jer/23/30.md index 63f6d86159..1f0adbd18f 100644 --- a/jer/23/30.md +++ b/jer/23/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # steals words from another person This implies that the false prophets are thieves. They are so evil that they take each other's messages without permission rather than make up their own false messages. - diff --git a/jer/23/31.md b/jer/23/31.md index 1b25fbec57..7d95d04a18 100644 --- a/jer/23/31.md +++ b/jer/23/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This alerts the reader to pay special attention to what follows. Alternate trans # who use their tongues Here "tongues" is a metonym for the ability to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/32.md b/jer/23/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/23/32.md +++ b/jer/23/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/23/33.md b/jer/23/33.md index 82f47bd068..99ff7c3a12 100644 --- a/jer/23/33.md +++ b/jer/23/33.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "burden" means a heavy load. This is a metaphor that means they annoy Yahwe # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/34.md b/jer/23/34.md index b4bb6a2ca5..276edea54f 100644 --- a/jer/23/34.md +++ b/jer/23/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "burden" means a message or prophecy from Yahweh. # his house Here "house" is a metonym for the family that lives inside it. Alternate translation: "his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/35.md b/jer/23/35.md index f5418b444d..b62e22d777 100644 --- a/jer/23/35.md +++ b/jer/23/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to deliver his message about the false prophets and priests tha # You continue to say ... 'What did Yahweh declare?' It may be helpful to reorder this sentence. Alternate translation: "Each person continues to ask his neighbor and his brother, 'What did Yahweh answer?' and 'What did Yahweh declare?'" - diff --git a/jer/23/36.md b/jer/23/36.md index 3037eb4adc..0b190669e1 100644 --- a/jer/23/36.md +++ b/jer/23/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meaning are 1) both instances of "burden" mean "message." Alternate tra # you have perverted the words ... our God To "pervert" something is to twist or distort it. Alternate translation: "you have changed the message of the living God, Yahweh of hosts, our God, to say what you want it to say and not what God said" - diff --git a/jer/23/37.md b/jer/23/37.md index 25b6dbf8eb..62e79101ab 100644 --- a/jer/23/37.md +++ b/jer/23/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh completes his message about the false prophets and priests that he began # This is what you will say Here "you" is singular and refers to Jeremiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/38.md b/jer/23/38.md index 32ec6bf6ae..5269065d91 100644 --- a/jer/23/38.md +++ b/jer/23/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But if you say ... Because you have said ... when I sent to you ... You will not say All of these instances of "you" are plural and refer to the priests and false prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/39.md b/jer/23/39.md index 44d7080dc8..4c829853d6 100644 --- a/jer/23/39.md +++ b/jer/23/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ All of these instances of "you" are plural and refer to the priests and false pr # the city that I gave you This refers to Jerusalem. - diff --git a/jer/23/40.md b/jer/23/40.md index 0c1575b51f..ea6b3a11cc 100644 --- a/jer/23/40.md +++ b/jer/23/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This instance of "you" is plural and refers to the priests and false prophets. ( # that will not be forgotten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that will last forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/23/intro.md b/jer/23/intro.md index bc66bbf541..f747d9f970 100644 --- a/jer/23/intro.md +++ b/jer/23/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Jeremiah 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 23:5-6, 9-24. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Prophesying lies +### Prophesying lies -The false prophets had encouraged people to continue sinning by saying everything will be alright. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +The false prophets had encouraged people to continue sinning by saying everything will be alright. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Wordplay +### Wordplay In Hebrew, the word for "message" can also mean "burden." In translations that are using footnotes, you may want to explain the wordplay in a footnote. In translations that are not using footnotes or which will primarily be distributed in an oral form, you may need a sentence like "What message has the Lord burdened you with now?" or "You (plural) call God's message a heavy burden on you." @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ In Hebrew, the word for "message" can also mean "burden." In translations that a * __[Jeremiah 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/24/01.md b/jer/24/01.md index f3e0d9c48c..c1fc72af4e 100644 --- a/jer/24/01.md +++ b/jer/24/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ people skilled at building things # metalworkers people skilled at creating things out of metal - diff --git a/jer/24/02.md b/jer/24/02.md index 3fb52c76e2..ed0ea7e745 100644 --- a/jer/24/02.md +++ b/jer/24/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they could not be eaten These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one could eat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/24/03.md b/jer/24/03.md index 99a58f14b9..1cdcc5fc87 100644 --- a/jer/24/03.md +++ b/jer/24/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they cannot be eaten These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one could eat them .. no one can eat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/24/04.md b/jer/24/04.md index 3857d86cdf..b9d9016001 100644 --- a/jer/24/04.md +++ b/jer/24/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to me, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated it in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave me a message. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to me:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/24/05.md b/jer/24/05.md index 400555110b..81bcfdedea 100644 --- a/jer/24/05.md +++ b/jer/24/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "look on" is an idiom that means Yahweh will take care of them. Alternate t # just like these good figs The good figs represent those Judean exiles sent to the land of Chaldea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/24/06.md b/jer/24/06.md index 7d879c77c9..d96b918df8 100644 --- a/jer/24/06.md +++ b/jer/24/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speak of the exiles as a building which Yahweh will build and not tear do # I will plant them, and not uproot them Yahweh speak of the exiles as plants which Yahweh will plant in good soil and not pull out. Alternate translation: "I will establish them in the land, and not remove them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/24/07.md b/jer/24/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/24/07.md +++ b/jer/24/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/24/08.md b/jer/24/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/24/08.md +++ b/jer/24/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/24/09.md b/jer/24/09.md index 574ab50388..a4ba489873 100644 --- a/jer/24/09.md +++ b/jer/24/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will turn them into a terrifying thing, a disaster ... a disgrace and a subject for proverbs, taunts, and curses These phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how thoroughly Yahweh will judge the people of Jerusalem. They will become something that will frighten other people when they see it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/24/10.md b/jer/24/10.md index 4bf3accf14..9195b57b56 100644 --- a/jer/24/10.md +++ b/jer/24/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These things are spoken of as if they were living things that could attack the p # they are destroyed from the land "none of them remain in the land" - diff --git a/jer/24/intro.md b/jer/24/intro.md index 543bee7208..07a3d06c60 100644 --- a/jer/24/intro.md +++ b/jer/24/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Jeremiah 24 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The exiles are blessed and the others punished +### The exiles are blessed and the others punished God will bless the people who were taken away into Babylon but punish the people left in the land because they still did not repent and turn to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ God will bless the people who were taken away into Babylon but punish the people * __[Jeremiah 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/25/01.md b/jer/25/01.md index 78ecc91fee..dbc55b5ccc 100644 --- a/jer/25/01.md +++ b/jer/25/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the word that came to Jeremiah was from Yahweh. This idiom is # the fourth ... the first (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/02.md b/jer/25/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/25/02.md +++ b/jer/25/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/25/03.md b/jer/25/03.md index 9c6ea6d004..d8afb0511b 100644 --- a/jer/25/03.md +++ b/jer/25/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amon This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/04.md b/jer/25/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/25/04.md +++ b/jer/25/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/25/05.md b/jer/25/05.md index e9dcc9b6a0..bc19e28bdb 100644 --- a/jer/25/05.md +++ b/jer/25/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The terms "wicked way" and "wickedness of his practices" mean the same thing and # the wickedness of his practices "the evil things he does." See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 4:4](../04/04.md). - diff --git a/jer/25/06.md b/jer/25/06.md index ed460bc5ec..9da8c8ca78 100644 --- a/jer/25/06.md +++ b/jer/25/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of a person being devoted to a god as if the person were walking # do not provoke him with the work of your hands The word "him" refers to Yahweh. Possible meanings for the phrase "the work of your hands" are 1) it is a reference to the idols that the people have made with their hands. Alternate translation: "do not provoke Yahweh with the idols that you have made" or 2) It is an idiom that refers to the actions of a person, with the word "hands" being a synecdoche that represents the person who does those actions. Alternate translation: "do not provoke Yahweh by the things that you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/07.md b/jer/25/07.md index ca6a437cd5..3be9dc732d 100644 --- a/jer/25/07.md +++ b/jer/25/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 25:6](../25/06.md). Possibl # to do harm to you "so that I do harm to you" - diff --git a/jer/25/08.md b/jer/25/08.md index fc5550fbe9..749a9dddf1 100644 --- a/jer/25/08.md +++ b/jer/25/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh of hosts says this Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 6:6](../06/06.md). - diff --git a/jer/25/09.md b/jer/25/09.md index d6992db2c1..092672c75a 100644 --- a/jer/25/09.md +++ b/jer/25/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "horror" may be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: # an object for hissing The word "hissing" refers to a sound that shows strong disapproval and can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "an object at which people will hiss" - diff --git a/jer/25/10.md b/jer/25/10.md index b23b80f1b9..b113ee0f74 100644 --- a/jer/25/10.md +++ b/jer/25/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are two large, round stones used to grind grain. # the sound of joy and sound of gladness, the sound of the groom and the sound of the bride See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:34](../07/34.md). - diff --git a/jer/25/11.md b/jer/25/11.md index de353dd2cb..78c8075788 100644 --- a/jer/25/11.md +++ b/jer/25/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all of this land will become a desolation and a horror The words "desolation" and "horror" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "I will cause this land to be desolate and something that horrifies people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/12.md b/jer/25/12.md index e71210673e..adecd4608f 100644 --- a/jer/25/12.md +++ b/jer/25/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # an unending desolation The noun "desolation" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "desolate forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/13.md b/jer/25/13.md index 5507865369..498a6a5c50 100644 --- a/jer/25/13.md +++ b/jer/25/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everything written in this book This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "everything that Jeremiah has written in this book" or "everything that one has written in this book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/14.md b/jer/25/14.md index 581df01af4..e9d779497d 100644 --- a/jer/25/14.md +++ b/jer/25/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of punishing the people of the nations for what they have done as # their deeds and the works of their hands These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The idiom "the works of their hands" refers to the actions of a person, with the word "hands" being a synecdoche that represents the person who does those actions. Alternate translation: "everything that they have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/15.md b/jer/25/15.md index 55ae192515..afc145d5c8 100644 --- a/jer/25/15.md +++ b/jer/25/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of his extreme anger as if it were wine that fills a cup. Alternat # make all the nations ... drink it The word "nations" represents the people of the nations. Yahweh speaks of people experiencing his fury as if they were to drink the wine that is in the cup. Alternate translation: "make all the people of the nations ... drink the wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/16.md b/jer/25/16.md index 1fc1f7daa3..eaac0e5a89 100644 --- a/jer/25/16.md +++ b/jer/25/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people being terrified about his fury as if they were drunk # before the sword that I am sending out among them Here the word "sword" represents war. Alternate translation: "because of the wars that I am causing to happen among them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/17.md b/jer/25/17.md index 9f0a9012dc..ce5e33b29b 100644 --- a/jer/25/17.md +++ b/jer/25/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This passage continues the metaphor of Yahweh's extreme anger as wine that he ca # I made all the nations ... drink it The word "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: "I made all the people of the nations ... drink the wine from the cup" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/18.md b/jer/25/18.md index af0496c1be..d89719966e 100644 --- a/jer/25/18.md +++ b/jer/25/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hissing" refers to a sound that shows strong disapproval. Both "hissin # they are at this present day Possible meanings are that this phrase 1) refers to the time when the book of Jeremiah was written and some time after Jeremiah had proclaimed this prophecy or 2) means that the things about which Jeremiah prophesies here have already started to happen. - diff --git a/jer/25/19.md b/jer/25/19.md index 794e8b5e24..5478f9ae5a 100644 --- a/jer/25/19.md +++ b/jer/25/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This passage continues the metaphor of Yahweh's extreme anger as wine that he ca # Other nations also had to drink it The word "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: "People from other nations also had to drink the wine from the cup" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/20.md b/jer/25/20.md index 4205bb87ea..8016dca8e0 100644 --- a/jer/25/20.md +++ b/jer/25/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) people whose ancestors were from different people group # Uz This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/21.md b/jer/25/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/25/21.md +++ b/jer/25/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/25/22.md b/jer/25/22.md index cc9b9a83a8..faf034e195 100644 --- a/jer/25/22.md +++ b/jer/25/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This passage continues the metaphor of Yahweh's extreme anger as wine that he ca # the sea This is a reference to the Mediterranean Sea. - diff --git a/jer/25/23.md b/jer/25/23.md index d32721863e..bf0ec22202 100644 --- a/jer/25/23.md +++ b/jer/25/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This probably refers to people who cut their hair short in order to honor a paga # they also had to drink it "they also had to drink the wine from the cup" - diff --git a/jer/25/24.md b/jer/25/24.md index da8199107a..7b6fe5aa99 100644 --- a/jer/25/24.md +++ b/jer/25/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This passage continues the metaphor of Yahweh's extreme anger as wine that he causes the people of the nations to drink from a cup. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/25.md b/jer/25/25.md index 0f8774e277..931f390c6d 100644 --- a/jer/25/25.md +++ b/jer/25/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zimri This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/26.md b/jer/25/26.md index e28d0c32aa..a9387c30af 100644 --- a/jer/25/26.md +++ b/jer/25/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means every person, one after another. Alternate translati # all of them had to drink the cup from Yahweh's hand Here "the cup" is a metonym for the wine that it contains. Alternate translation: "all of these people had to drink the wine from the cup in Yahweh's hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/27.md b/jer/25/27.md index bed469ee11..6ff3c5cb53 100644 --- a/jer/25/27.md +++ b/jer/25/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # before the sword that I am sending among you Here the word "sword" represents war. Alternate translation: "before the wars that I am causing to happen among you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/28.md b/jer/25/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/25/28.md +++ b/jer/25/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/25/29.md b/jer/25/29.md index 4ba3aeffc4..fbbdb213dc 100644 --- a/jer/25/29.md +++ b/jer/25/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh asks this question to rebuke the people and to emphasize that he will cer # I am calling a sword against all the inhabitants of the land Here the word "sword" represents war. Yahweh speaks of declaring war against the people as if he were calling a sword against them. Alternate translation: "I am declaring war against all the inhabitants of the land" or "I am bringing war against all the inhabitants of the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/30.md b/jer/25/30.md index 5b56579073..e2e8f5c1c5 100644 --- a/jer/25/30.md +++ b/jer/25/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of Yahweh as if he were a lion and his people were a flock of sh # those who tread the grapes This refers to people who crush grapes in a winepress with their feet in order to make wine. - diff --git a/jer/25/31.md b/jer/25/31.md index f72dd40040..e3046ebf75 100644 --- a/jer/25/31.md +++ b/jer/25/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "flesh" represents humanity. Alternate translation: "on all mankin # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/32.md b/jer/25/32.md index 76fd8106bc..249a808c07 100644 --- a/jer/25/32.md +++ b/jer/25/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of great disasters happening in each nation as if "disaster" were # a great storm is beginning from the farthest parts of the earth Possible meanings for this metaphor are 1) Yahweh speaks of Babylonian army and the destruction that it will cause as if it were a great storm or 2) Yahweh speaks of his great anger as if it were a great storm that causes much destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/33.md b/jer/25/33.md index 149f56ef8a..05a252126b 100644 --- a/jer/25/33.md +++ b/jer/25/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will mourn the # They will be like dung on the ground The bodies are compared to dung on the ground to emphasize that they will be disgusting and that no one will bury them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 16:4](../16/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/34.md b/jer/25/34.md index b8ef666fec..74786b6773 100644 --- a/jer/25/34.md +++ b/jer/25/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Usually it is the sheep that are slaughtered, but here Yahweh says that he will # you will be scattered when you fall like fine pottery Yahweh speaks of the leaders of Israel being destroyed as if they are pieces of pottery that shatter when they fall to the ground. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will fall like fine pottery and your shattered pieces will scatter on the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/35.md b/jer/25/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/25/35.md +++ b/jer/25/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/25/36.md b/jer/25/36.md index d6a1b21753..d5c79e3bb6 100644 --- a/jer/25/36.md +++ b/jer/25/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh is destroying their pastures Yahweh speaks of the nation in which the leaders think that they live peacefully as if it were the "pastures" in which they care for the sheep (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/37.md b/jer/25/37.md index 8c3c21533a..cc54541311 100644 --- a/jer/25/37.md +++ b/jer/25/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak of the leaders of Israel as if they were shepherds. He # the peaceful pastures will be devastated because of Yahweh's fierce anger This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will devastate the peaceful pastures because of he extremely angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/25/38.md b/jer/25/38.md index 62a229597f..0f3f3398a9 100644 --- a/jer/25/38.md +++ b/jer/25/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "horror" may be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: # the oppressor's anger This refers to the anger of Israel's enemies. - diff --git a/jer/25/intro.md b/jer/25/intro.md index 3a909270d1..9d26e0a95c 100644 --- a/jer/25/intro.md +++ b/jer/25/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,23 @@ # Jeremiah 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 25:30-38. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Seventy years +### Seventy years Babylon will rule over Judah for seventy years. Because Yahweh is just, he will soon punish Babylon for their evil actions. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idiom +### Idiom -Jeremiah uses the idiom of drinking the cup of wine of God's punishment to say that Babylon will destroy all the surrounding nations and then be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) +Jeremiah uses the idiom of drinking the cup of wine of God's punishment to say that Babylon will destroy all the surrounding nations and then be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) ## Links: * __[Jeremiah 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/26/01.md b/jer/26/01.md index d3335d80e5..725db93727 100644 --- a/jer/26/01.md +++ b/jer/26/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translat # this word came from Yahweh, saying It can be stated clearly who Yahweh gave this message to. Alternate translation: "this word came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying" or "Yahweh spoke this message to Jeremiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/02.md b/jer/26/02.md index a3e0b8f54d..c1771b7975 100644 --- a/jer/26/02.md +++ b/jer/26/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "cities" is a metonym for the people who live in the city. Alternate tr # Do not cut short any word! "Do not leave anything out from what I have told you!" - diff --git a/jer/26/03.md b/jer/26/03.md index 17ffc90ed6..be17d1ed81 100644 --- a/jer/26/03.md +++ b/jer/26/03.md @@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ Yahweh speaks of a person's lifestyle as if it were a "way" or path along which # because of the wickedness of their deeds - "because of how wicked their deeds are" or "because of the wicked things that they do." See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 4:4](../04/04.md). - +"because of how wicked their deeds are" or "because of the wicked things that they do." See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 4:4](../04/04.md). diff --git a/jer/26/04.md b/jer/26/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/26/04.md +++ b/jer/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/26/05.md b/jer/26/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/26/05.md +++ b/jer/26/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/26/06.md b/jer/26/06.md index 8e5ebda3f6..38839cf25e 100644 --- a/jer/26/06.md +++ b/jer/26/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ What Yahweh would turn the city into is a metonym for what people would use the # in the sight of all the nations on earth "so that all the nations on earth can see me do it" - diff --git a/jer/26/07.md b/jer/26/07.md index f915193593..50456e1cc8 100644 --- a/jer/26/07.md +++ b/jer/26/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house of Yahweh the temple - diff --git a/jer/26/08.md b/jer/26/08.md index b6686de1e1..b9188bd408 100644 --- a/jer/26/08.md +++ b/jer/26/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the people seized him and said, "You will certainly die! Possible meanings are 1) The people chose to believe the lie of false peace and did not want to be confronted with the truth, or 2) the people believed the other prophets proclaiming peace and saw Jeremiah as a false prophet who should be stoned for leading the people astray. - diff --git a/jer/26/09.md b/jer/26/09.md index d661d4605d..e50267a252 100644 --- a/jer/26/09.md +++ b/jer/26/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why have you prophesied ... inhabitant? This rebuke can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not have prophesied ... inhabitant." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/10.md b/jer/26/10.md index 970d378559..af85702d4d 100644 --- a/jer/26/10.md +++ b/jer/26/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the New Gate the name of the gate through which people went into the temple - diff --git a/jer/26/11.md b/jer/26/11.md index 7f76702241..7995b61b2a 100644 --- a/jer/26/11.md +++ b/jer/26/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you heard with your own ears "you heard" - diff --git a/jer/26/12.md b/jer/26/12.md index ff67b7a46d..2b1c73f0de 100644 --- a/jer/26/12.md +++ b/jer/26/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this house and this city "the people who worship in Yahweh's temple and those who live in the city of Jerusalem" - diff --git a/jer/26/13.md b/jer/26/13.md index f01b9cc656..fb59d0589f 100644 --- a/jer/26/13.md +++ b/jer/26/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean almost the same thing. Alternate translation: "the things # listen to the voice of Yahweh The voice is a synecdoche for the person, and the same word can be translated "listen" or "obey." Alternate translation: "obey Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/14.md b/jer/26/14.md index 077bf90e5d..e2842fd52e 100644 --- a/jer/26/14.md +++ b/jer/26/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do to me what is good and right in your eyes The words "good" and "right" mean the same thing. The eye is a metonym for the person's thoughts. Alternate translation: "Do to me whatever you think is the right thing to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/15.md b/jer/26/15.md index 38cf3cd25c..ad3cee8f5d 100644 --- a/jer/26/15.md +++ b/jer/26/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are two ways of speaking of the same people, perhaps first as a group and # for your ears The ear is a metonym for what the ear hears. Alternate translation: "for you to hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/16.md b/jer/26/16.md index 8ababa8b2b..3da194a035 100644 --- a/jer/26/16.md +++ b/jer/26/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the name of Yahweh our God The person's name is a metonym for his authority. Alternate translation: "with the authority of Yahweh our God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/17.md b/jer/26/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/26/17.md +++ b/jer/26/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/26/18.md b/jer/26/18.md index a80111ffef..925355ef4b 100644 --- a/jer/26/18.md +++ b/jer/26/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # Zion will become a plowed field ... and the hill of the temple will become a thicket "Zion" and "the hill of the temple" refer to the same place. When a farmer plows a field, he turns over all the dirt and uproots all the plants that are growing there. A thicket is so full of bushes that no one can use it for anything. These two metaphors cannot be literally true at the same time, but they emphasize that Yahweh will allow the invaders to completely destroy the temple area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/19.md b/jer/26/19.md index 6450c5e7ed..930417fed9 100644 --- a/jer/26/19.md +++ b/jer/26/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The face is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "cause Yah # So will we do greater evil against our own lives? The speakers are trying to get the hearers to agree with what they are saying. The word "lives" is a metonym for the people. Alternate translation: "If we kill Jeremiah, we will do greater evil against our own lives." or "We do not want to do worse things to ourselves." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/20.md b/jer/26/20.md index 41f83b7b58..b7e82bdbbc 100644 --- a/jer/26/20.md +++ b/jer/26/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah stops telling about his own life and begins telling about what happened # prophesied against this city and this land The words "city" and "land" are metonyms for the people who live there. Alternate translation: "prophesied that bad things would happen to the people who lived in this city and this land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/21.md b/jer/26/21.md index 5c0d09badc..a00c5e6368 100644 --- a/jer/26/21.md +++ b/jer/26/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # heard his word "heard what he said" - diff --git a/jer/26/22.md b/jer/26/22.md index 7366ce6969..f4c5e57e53 100644 --- a/jer/26/22.md +++ b/jer/26/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of the story of Uriah. # Elnathan ... Akbor men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/23.md b/jer/26/23.md index ad5596695f..0b32ed47d6 100644 --- a/jer/26/23.md +++ b/jer/26/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # corpse dead body - diff --git a/jer/26/24.md b/jer/26/24.md index d591883c39..38089215a7 100644 --- a/jer/26/24.md +++ b/jer/26/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # he was not given into the hand of the people to be put to death The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Ahikam did not allow the people to have the power to put Jeremiah to death" or "the people could not kill Jeremiah because Ahikam did not give them the power to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/26/intro.md b/jer/26/intro.md index 42b06b6831..79479b247a 100644 --- a/jer/26/intro.md +++ b/jer/26/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Jeremiah 26 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The people want to kill Jeremiah +### The people want to kill Jeremiah The people wanted to kill Jeremiah but other people intervened and said that they should listen to Jeremiah and repent. They represent the remnant of the faithful Jews. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ The people wanted to kill Jeremiah but other people intervened and said that the * __[Jeremiah 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/27/01.md b/jer/27/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/27/01.md +++ b/jer/27/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/27/02.md b/jer/27/02.md index 7d23960061..946e844f9d 100644 --- a/jer/27/02.md +++ b/jer/27/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fetters things that keep a person from moving freely - diff --git a/jer/27/03.md b/jer/27/03.md index 6e565ea78f..646bd9878d 100644 --- a/jer/27/03.md +++ b/jer/27/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This seems to mean that Jeremiah was to send a set of fetters and yoke to each k # Send them by the hand of those kings' ambassadors who ... Judah The hand is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "Have those kings' ambassadors, who ... Judah, take them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/27/04.md b/jer/27/04.md index 2c59b4d60a..ac3b026c67 100644 --- a/jer/27/04.md +++ b/jer/27/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah was instructed to give a set of chains and yoke to each ambassador and # Yahweh of hosts ... says this Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 6:6](../06/06.md). - diff --git a/jer/27/05.md b/jer/27/05.md index 65076eda02..bb6ceef0b4 100644 --- a/jer/27/05.md +++ b/jer/27/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "raised arm" refers to great power and intensifies the first phrase. # I give it to anyone who is right in my eyes Another possible meaning is "I give it to anyone I want to." - diff --git a/jer/27/06.md b/jer/27/06.md index 9ebaa7f528..8a0c6498d9 100644 --- a/jer/27/06.md +++ b/jer/27/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I ... am giving all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar ... servant The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises, and the word "lands" is a metonym for the people who live in those lands. Alternate translation: "I ... am putting the people who live in all these lands under the power of Nebuchadnezzar ... servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/27/07.md b/jer/27/07.md index 8f546c365d..1d2b2fd80e 100644 --- a/jer/27/07.md +++ b/jer/27/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make explicit the nature of the time. Alternate translation: "th # subdue him Here "him" refers to Nebuchadnezzar who represents the kingdom of Babylon. Alternate translation: "will defeat Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/27/08.md b/jer/27/08.md index 68dd341586..569236b2f6 100644 --- a/jer/27/08.md +++ b/jer/27/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being the king's slave is spoken of as being an animal on to the shoulders of wh # I have destroyed it by his hand The hand here could be a metonym for Nebuchadnezzar's power, or it could be a metonym for Nebuchadnezzar's armies. Alternate translation: "I have used Nebuchadnezzar's power to destroy it" or "I have enabled Nebuchadnezzar's armies to destroy i" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/27/09.md b/jer/27/09.md index fd874b4dac..64d3a839ff 100644 --- a/jer/27/09.md +++ b/jer/27/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak through Jeremiah to the people of Judah # soothsayers people who say what will happen in the future - diff --git a/jer/27/10.md b/jer/27/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/27/10.md +++ b/jer/27/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/27/11.md b/jer/27/11.md index aa90743bfd..767bfc7063 100644 --- a/jer/27/11.md +++ b/jer/27/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to prepare and use land to grow food crops # make their homes in it "make their homes in their own land" - diff --git a/jer/27/12.md b/jer/27/12.md index 99eb2284e6..3829f2c5e4 100644 --- a/jer/27/12.md +++ b/jer/27/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being the king's slave is spoken of as being an animal onto the shoulders of whi # Place your necks The word "your" refers to Zedekiah and the people of Judah and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jer/27/13.md b/jer/27/13.md index 466b727a89..598ac4b01a 100644 --- a/jer/27/13.md +++ b/jer/27/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why will you die ... king of Babylon? Jeremiah uses this question to warn the king that his actions will lead to his death. Alternate translation: "For if you do not do this, you will surely die ... king." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/27/14.md b/jer/27/14.md index c6dcab26a8..c7fac8dfff 100644 --- a/jer/27/14.md +++ b/jer/27/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak through Jeremiah to the king and people of Judah. # Do not listen to the words Yahweh is warning the people about all the false prophets that he did not send and that are lying to them. - diff --git a/jer/27/15.md b/jer/27/15.md index f4e7f0f15e..3f3255243b 100644 --- a/jer/27/15.md +++ b/jer/27/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "in my name" represents speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or # I will drive you out "I will force you to leave your home country" - diff --git a/jer/27/16.md b/jer/27/16.md index 2fa9822c9d..5d8fe6a6ba 100644 --- a/jer/27/16.md +++ b/jer/27/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah continues to speak the words of Yahweh. # The objects belonging to the house of Yahweh are being returned from Babylon now! This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "People are bringing back all the gold items that they took from Yahweh's temple!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/27/17.md b/jer/27/17.md index fd3dcca824..0e3be40097 100644 --- a/jer/27/17.md +++ b/jer/27/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why should this city become a ruin? Yahweh uses a question to warn the people. Alternate translation: "You can keep this city from becoming a ruin if you do what Yahweh wants you to do." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/27/18.md b/jer/27/18.md index fb802c32cc..3658b55bf4 100644 --- a/jer/27/18.md +++ b/jer/27/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking of himself in third person. Alternate translation: "my word . # the house of the king of Judah The word "house" has a range of possible meanings. In this case it refers to the royal palace where the king lived. Alternate translation: "the palace of the king of Judah" - diff --git a/jer/27/19.md b/jer/27/19.md index be6f8dff80..5910967a4a 100644 --- a/jer/27/19.md +++ b/jer/27/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # the pillars, the large basin known as "The Sea" and its base These were objects that were in the temple. "The Sea" was a large bronze bowl. - diff --git a/jer/27/20.md b/jer/27/20.md index 15e319315a..2a3135d4d0 100644 --- a/jer/27/20.md +++ b/jer/27/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jehoiachin The Hebrew text has "Jeconiah," which is a variation of the name "Jehoiachin." Many modern versions have "Jehoiachin" in order to make it clear that the same king is being referred to. - diff --git a/jer/27/21.md b/jer/27/21.md index 3180093db5..4997a9a38c 100644 --- a/jer/27/21.md +++ b/jer/27/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # the house of the king of Judah The word "house" has a range of possible meanings. In this case it refers to the royal palace there the king lived. Alternate translation: "the palace of the king of Judah" - diff --git a/jer/27/22.md b/jer/27/22.md index 24ebde2ad2..20430125df 100644 --- a/jer/27/22.md +++ b/jer/27/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # I will bring them up The reader should understand that Yahweh will have people carry them up. - diff --git a/jer/27/intro.md b/jer/27/intro.md index 5637ab3190..7c49c88749 100644 --- a/jer/27/intro.md +++ b/jer/27/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Jeremiah 27 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The nations should serve Babylon +### The nations should serve Babylon -Jeremiah told the king of Judah, and all the surrounding nations, to serve the Babylonians and live in their land. If they refused, Babylon would take them as captives to another land. +Jeremiah told the king of Judah, and all the surrounding nations, to serve the Babylonians and live in their land. If they refused, Babylon would take them as captives to another land. ## Links: * __[Jeremiah 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/28/01.md b/jer/28/01.md index 8d501d5ade..f2c6597b8e 100644 --- a/jer/28/01.md +++ b/jer/28/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the dry season. It # Azzur This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/28/02.md b/jer/28/02.md index 26a6adb759..a17915bcc2 100644 --- a/jer/28/02.md +++ b/jer/28/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # I have broken the yoke imposed by the king of Babylon Hananaiah speaks of the people being in slavery as if they were oxen on which the Babylonians had put yokes to make them do heavy work. Alternate translation: "I have made it so you are no longer slaves of the king of Babylon" or "I have set you free from slavery to the king of Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/28/03.md b/jer/28/03.md index d91af05be5..276226e1aa 100644 --- a/jer/28/03.md +++ b/jer/28/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Hananiah continues to speak. - diff --git a/jer/28/04.md b/jer/28/04.md index 27549da5b0..9f9b0a23dd 100644 --- a/jer/28/04.md +++ b/jer/28/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Hebrew text has "Jeconiah," which is a variation of the name "Jehoiachin." M # who were sent This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom I sent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/28/05.md b/jer/28/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/28/05.md +++ b/jer/28/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/28/06.md b/jer/28/06.md index e7120d1330..4750fd746d 100644 --- a/jer/28/06.md +++ b/jer/28/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May Yahweh confirm the words that you prophesied "May Yahweh prove you have prophesied truly" - diff --git a/jer/28/07.md b/jer/28/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/28/07.md +++ b/jer/28/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/28/08.md b/jer/28/08.md index 8fa9d809d9..685113edf1 100644 --- a/jer/28/08.md +++ b/jer/28/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The prophets who existed before me and you from long ago "The prophets who lived long ago before you and I" - diff --git a/jer/28/09.md b/jer/28/09.md index 0de172aab4..2ea1877f0f 100644 --- a/jer/28/09.md +++ b/jer/28/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then it will be known that he is indeed a prophet sent out by Yahweh This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "then you will know that he is indeed a true prophet and that Yahweh has sent him out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/28/10.md b/jer/28/10.md index eb526eed77..db99e7f9ea 100644 --- a/jer/28/10.md +++ b/jer/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the yoke from the neck of Jeremiah This was the yoke that God had told Jeremiah to make and put on himself in [Jeremiah 27:2](../27/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/28/11.md b/jer/28/11.md index 7f83135bb8..04f9467220 100644 --- a/jer/28/11.md +++ b/jer/28/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the yoke that Neb # imposed put on people - diff --git a/jer/28/12.md b/jer/28/12.md index 513f4f63fe..980b31f642 100644 --- a/jer/28/12.md +++ b/jer/28/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to Jeremiah, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Jeremiah. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to Jeremiah:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/28/13.md b/jer/28/13.md index 7a1cbc69bb..be84af3d8f 100644 --- a/jer/28/13.md +++ b/jer/28/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # yokes of iron -Iron is a very strong metal and it would be very difficult to break yokes made of iron. - +Iron is a very strong metal and it would be very difficult to break yokes made of iron. diff --git a/jer/28/14.md b/jer/28/14.md index 3babe21088..be7896c304 100644 --- a/jer/28/14.md +++ b/jer/28/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # I have placed a yoke of iron on the neck of all of these nations to serve Nebuchadnezzar Yahweh speaks of making nations to be slaves of Nebuchadnezzar as if he were putting yokes on oxen to make them do heavy work. Alternate translation: "I have made all of these nations slaves, and they will have to serve Nebuchadnezzar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/28/15.md b/jer/28/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/28/15.md +++ b/jer/28/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/28/16.md b/jer/28/16.md index aaf1034dce..c7a4e25efa 100644 --- a/jer/28/16.md +++ b/jer/28/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you proclaimed rebellion against Yahweh It is not clear why Yahweh speaks of himself by name. Alternate translation: "you urged people to rebel against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/28/17.md b/jer/28/17.md index 19060a20ff..967a6c45b2 100644 --- a/jer/28/17.md +++ b/jer/28/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In the seventh month This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jer/28/intro.md b/jer/28/intro.md index c3db029b03..d095362568 100644 --- a/jer/28/intro.md +++ b/jer/28/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Jeremiah 28 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### False prophecies continue +### False prophecies continue A false prophet prophesied that the captives would return from Babylon with all the temple vessels. Jeremiah told the false prophet that he would die that year for prophesying lies, and he did die. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ A false prophet prophesied that the captives would return from Babylon with all * __[Jeremiah 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/29/01.md b/jer/29/01.md index 29ff0e87db..864eb52376 100644 --- a/jer/29/01.md +++ b/jer/29/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # remaining elders "elders who were still alive" - diff --git a/jer/29/02.md b/jer/29/02.md index 4d9ce74a30..77df3f5e89 100644 --- a/jer/29/02.md +++ b/jer/29/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the king's mother # high officials "very important officials" - diff --git a/jer/29/03.md b/jer/29/03.md index 5bbb37c506..13b26a78d4 100644 --- a/jer/29/03.md +++ b/jer/29/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah gave the scroll to Elasah so that Elasah could take it to Babylon. The # Elasah ... Shapan ... Gemariah ... Hilkiah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/04.md b/jer/29/04.md index ae05fff8c4..8399f27632 100644 --- a/jer/29/04.md +++ b/jer/29/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When people wrote letters in that society, they would write their name first, th # Yahweh of hosts ... says this Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 6:6](../06/06.md). - diff --git a/jer/29/05.md b/jer/29/05.md index dcc4894ec9..1e9f91b358 100644 --- a/jer/29/05.md +++ b/jer/29/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Build houses and live in them. Plant gardens and eat their fruit Yahweh is telling them they will be there for a long time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/06.md b/jer/29/06.md index df954365c0..67e540306d 100644 --- a/jer/29/06.md +++ b/jer/29/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # take wives for your sons, and give your daughters to husbands Parents commonly arranged their children's marriages. - diff --git a/jer/29/07.md b/jer/29/07.md index a1572f6b0d..9ef0e0a8a0 100644 --- a/jer/29/07.md +++ b/jer/29/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The peace of the city is a metonym for the people living in peace. Alternate tra # the city ... its behalf ... it is at peace These words refer to the city of Babylon. - diff --git a/jer/29/08.md b/jer/29/08.md index cd0484156b..0c324c27d4 100644 --- a/jer/29/08.md +++ b/jer/29/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # you encourage them to dream Another possible meaning is "you yourselves are having." - diff --git a/jer/29/09.md b/jer/29/09.md index 1bc7903751..0796f71b73 100644 --- a/jer/29/09.md +++ b/jer/29/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) these words refer to the prophets and diviners, not to # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/10.md b/jer/29/10.md index 121856c2b4..47391089a1 100644 --- a/jer/29/10.md +++ b/jer/29/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the captive Israelites # seventy years "70 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/11.md b/jer/29/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/29/11.md +++ b/jer/29/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/29/12.md b/jer/29/12.md index 12bc56eb38..7b83e9c3e3 100644 --- a/jer/29/12.md +++ b/jer/29/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Praying is spoken of as calling out with a loud voice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # I will listen to you This implies that Yahweh will give them what they want. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/13.md b/jer/29/13.md index 574048df96..5b30e06d05 100644 --- a/jer/29/13.md +++ b/jer/29/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Wanting to know what Yahweh requires is spoken of as trying to find where Yahweh # you will seek me with all your heart "you will be completely sincere when you seek me" - diff --git a/jer/29/14.md b/jer/29/14.md index 48c8c58112..86c7bdc408 100644 --- a/jer/29/14.md +++ b/jer/29/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I caused you to be exiled This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I sent you into exile" or "I sent you to be exiles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/15.md b/jer/29/15.md index d48fd5e11b..5fcd372cd4 100644 --- a/jer/29/15.md +++ b/jer/29/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jeremiah speaks to the captive Israelites. - diff --git a/jer/29/16.md b/jer/29/16.md index c5e1e8b126..70c008d943 100644 --- a/jer/29/16.md +++ b/jer/29/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the king who sits on the throne of David Sitting on the throne is a metonym for ruling as king. Alternate translation: "the king who rules the Israelites as David did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/17.md b/jer/29/17.md index a20a0a1e54..54da6971af 100644 --- a/jer/29/17.md +++ b/jer/29/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "sword" is a metonym for war. The sword, famine, and plague are spoken # For I will make them like rotten figs that are too bad to be eaten Rotten figs are useless because they cannot be eaten, and Yahweh sees no use for the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/18.md b/jer/29/18.md index 28e8908d0e..39845681c9 100644 --- a/jer/29/18.md +++ b/jer/29/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words all share similar meanings and describe how the people of other nati # hissing the sound people make when they disapprove of something - diff --git a/jer/29/19.md b/jer/29/19.md index 21d778d90d..19459e57cd 100644 --- a/jer/29/19.md +++ b/jer/29/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/20.md b/jer/29/20.md index 088cdead45..f4e72545e7 100644 --- a/jer/29/20.md +++ b/jer/29/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So you yourselves listen Yahweh is now about to issue a command and wants them to pay attention. Alternate translation: "But as for you, listen carefully" - diff --git a/jer/29/21.md b/jer/29/21.md index 3e26680e90..6829500ff2 100644 --- a/jer/29/21.md +++ b/jer/29/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hand" is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. Alternate transl # before your eyes "where you can see him do it" - diff --git a/jer/29/22.md b/jer/29/22.md index 2e9515f294..b20cace727 100644 --- a/jer/29/22.md +++ b/jer/29/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the exiles from Judah # roasted This word usually refers to cooking food over an open fire or in a pan, not to burning completely. Possible meanings are 1) this is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "burned to death" or 2) the king's men attached them to poles over the fire close enough that the fire would slowly kill them but far enough away that it would not totally consume their bodies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/23.md b/jer/29/23.md index 21d778d90d..19459e57cd 100644 --- a/jer/29/23.md +++ b/jer/29/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/24.md b/jer/29/24.md index 9c6cbecfdb..ff3c04204f 100644 --- a/jer/29/24.md +++ b/jer/29/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Nehelamite This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/25.md b/jer/29/25.md index cd5c253625..9be38f59c0 100644 --- a/jer/29/25.md +++ b/jer/29/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "name" refers to a person's authority and reputation. Alternate transla # Maaseiah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/26.md b/jer/29/26.md index dcba369d57..408c56f522 100644 --- a/jer/29/26.md +++ b/jer/29/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # stocks a wooden frame that holds the feet, hands, or head of a person whom someone is punishing - diff --git a/jer/29/27.md b/jer/29/27.md index a06b5f5756..07a01f345b 100644 --- a/jer/29/27.md +++ b/jer/29/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This finishes the letter by Shemaiah that he sent out to the people in Jerusalem # why have you not rebuked Jeremiah of Anathoth ... against you? Shemaiah uses a rhetorical question to scold the people of Jerusalem for not rebuking Jeremiah. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I want you to rebuke Jeremiah of Anathoth ... against you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/28.md b/jer/29/28.md index bacb350e1b..ae2acfb890 100644 --- a/jer/29/28.md +++ b/jer/29/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make explicit what it was that Jeremiah sent. Alternate translat # Build houses and live in them, and plant gardens and eat their fruit See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 29:5](../29/05.md). - diff --git a/jer/29/29.md b/jer/29/29.md index 952fac6e86..0442bf606f 100644 --- a/jer/29/29.md +++ b/jer/29/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the hearing of Jeremiah the prophet "so that Jeremiah the prophet could hear him read it." See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/29/30.md b/jer/29/30.md index 513f4f63fe..980b31f642 100644 --- a/jer/29/30.md +++ b/jer/29/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to Jeremiah, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Jeremiah. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to Jeremiah:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/31.md b/jer/29/31.md index b2a28796bf..fc181c5fec 100644 --- a/jer/29/31.md +++ b/jer/29/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shemaiah the Nehelamite See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 29:24](../29/24.md). - diff --git a/jer/29/32.md b/jer/29/32.md index fe363ed101..4309df4ade 100644 --- a/jer/29/32.md +++ b/jer/29/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # he has proclaimed rebellion against Yahweh It is not clear why Yahweh speaks of himself by name. Alternate translation: "he has urged people to rebel against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/29/intro.md b/jer/29/intro.md index 5c1e76f96e..a827cc47d1 100644 --- a/jer/29/intro.md +++ b/jer/29/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Jeremiah 29 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Two letters +### Two letters -Jeremiah sent a letter to Babylon telling the exiles to prepare for a long stay. A false prophet in Babylon wrote back to the chief priest telling him to punish Jeremiah. Even though Jeremiah had prophesied the exile, the Jews still did not believe him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) +Jeremiah sent a letter to Babylon telling the exiles to prepare for a long stay. A false prophet in Babylon wrote back to the chief priest telling him to punish Jeremiah. Even though Jeremiah had prophesied the exile, the Jews still did not believe him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) ## Links: * __[Jeremiah 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/30/01.md b/jer/30/01.md index 68e95f00f5..a4c1a7c692 100644 --- a/jer/30/01.md +++ b/jer/30/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word that came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md), and make any changes as needed. Alternate translation: "This is the message that Yahweh gave to Jeremiah. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this message to Jeremiah:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/02.md b/jer/30/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/30/02.md +++ b/jer/30/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/30/03.md b/jer/30/03.md index 558657304b..81cf418980 100644 --- a/jer/30/03.md +++ b/jer/30/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # reverse the captivity of my people, Israel and Judah The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "free my people, Israel and Judah, from their captivity" or "free my people, Israel and Judah, from those who had captured them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/04.md b/jer/30/04.md index 6cc7d32195..c8e89a8348 100644 --- a/jer/30/04.md +++ b/jer/30/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jeremiah often wrote prophecy in the form of poetry. Hebrew poetry uses different kinds of parallelism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/05.md b/jer/30/05.md index 0f1e848e5a..6f03b17370 100644 --- a/jer/30/05.md +++ b/jer/30/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that these are the words of Yahweh referring to himself # a trembling voice of dread and not of peace Possible meanings are 1) "people cry out in dread because there is no peace" or 2) "you cry out in dread because there is no peace." - diff --git a/jer/30/06.md b/jer/30/06.md index 188c56a8e7..57e9186075 100644 --- a/jer/30/06.md +++ b/jer/30/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Why do I see every young man with his hand on his loins like a woman bearing a child? Why have all their faces become pale? A woman about to give birth is in great pain and unable to do anything. The young men are so frightened that their bodies hurt, and they are unable to fight. Alternate translation: "The young men are holding their bellies like a woman giving birth; they all look sick because they are so afraid." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/07.md b/jer/30/07.md index 91694dc3c2..169ef8a50d 100644 --- a/jer/30/07.md +++ b/jer/30/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for Jacob, but he will be rescued from it The name Jacob is a metonym for the man's descendants. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the descendants of Jacob, but I will rescue them from it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/08.md b/jer/30/08.md index 2e2d459fdf..dc90d7b7b1 100644 --- a/jer/30/08.md +++ b/jer/30/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to the Israelites. # I will break the yoke off your neck, and I will shatter your chains Being a slave is spoken of as wearing a yoke like an animal and wearing chains like a prisoner. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/09.md b/jer/30/09.md index 9351bcd580..c1ab46a877 100644 --- a/jer/30/09.md +++ b/jer/30/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking about the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: # David their king This is a metonym for one of David's descendants. Alternate translation: "a man descended from their King David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/10.md b/jer/30/10.md index 2316a0413b..7c6bd94f1b 100644 --- a/jer/30/10.md +++ b/jer/30/10.md @@ -33,5 +33,3 @@ Jacob's name is a metonym for his descendants. Yahweh speaks to Jacob as if he w # no more terror "no one to terrify him" - - diff --git a/jer/30/11.md b/jer/30/11.md index 6a367154f0..c39b1ad742 100644 --- a/jer/30/11.md +++ b/jer/30/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # will certainly not leave you unpunished This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "will certainly punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/12.md b/jer/30/12.md index 0fd9335738..cabef29cec 100644 --- a/jer/30/12.md +++ b/jer/30/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # Your injury is incurable; your wound is infected This means that Yahweh has punished them so severely that there is no one who can help them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/13.md b/jer/30/13.md index 8eae786217..dd58a2b772 100644 --- a/jer/30/13.md +++ b/jer/30/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # no one to plead your case ... no remedy for your wound Yahweh has punished them so severely that there is no one who can help them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/14.md b/jer/30/14.md index 73af4fa1a6..48e442f395 100644 --- a/jer/30/14.md +++ b/jer/30/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh has treated his people like a cruel master would treat a rebellious slave # your numerous sins "your many sins" or "your sins, which are too many to count" - diff --git a/jer/30/15.md b/jer/30/15.md index 1d4d98ba99..4eb8bdd0c6 100644 --- a/jer/30/15.md +++ b/jer/30/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why do you call for help for your injury? Yahweh asks a question here to make the people think about why they are asking him for help now. Alternate translation: "You are calling for help for your injury because you have disobeyed me." or "Do not call for help for your injury." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/16.md b/jer/30/16.md index 1cfcdd1ab8..c8b9c53c04 100644 --- a/jer/30/16.md +++ b/jer/30/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To plunder is to steal from peaceful people using violence, and plunder is what # despoiling ... spoil To despoil here is to take items from an enemy one has defeated, and the items one takes are the spoil. - diff --git a/jer/30/17.md b/jer/30/17.md index b7320183c8..18b06ba2c2 100644 --- a/jer/30/17.md +++ b/jer/30/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ An outcast is a person whom other people do not accept or allow to associate wit # No one cares for this Zion The place name "Zion" is a metonym for the people who live in Zion. Alternate translation: "No one cares about the people of Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/18.md b/jer/30/18.md index 20e7a0840c..5be8fc7513 100644 --- a/jer/30/18.md +++ b/jer/30/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The places where people live are metonyms for the people who live in those place # Then a city will be built on the heap of ruins This can be translated in active form. You may need to make explicit that the city they will build will be Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "Then they will rebuild Jerusalem on its ruins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/19.md b/jer/30/19.md index f8c71f03e5..f960bb8700 100644 --- a/jer/30/19.md +++ b/jer/30/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # so they will not be humbled This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that no one will humble them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/20.md b/jer/30/20.md index faeccf03d6..241e36f950 100644 --- a/jer/30/20.md +++ b/jer/30/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. # their assembly will be established before me This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will establish them as a people before me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/21.md b/jer/30/21.md index 679f2fa957..b3aef962e2 100644 --- a/jer/30/21.md +++ b/jer/30/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translates this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/22.md b/jer/30/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/30/22.md +++ b/jer/30/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/30/23.md b/jer/30/23.md index f443076f3a..10267c78e8 100644 --- a/jer/30/23.md +++ b/jer/30/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See, the tempest of Yahweh, his fury, has gone out This speaks of God's anger and punishment as if it were a storm. This emphasizes his power and ability to destroy wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/24.md b/jer/30/24.md index dbe4ed7895..309a69a5da 100644 --- a/jer/30/24.md +++ b/jer/30/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his heart's purposes The abstract noun "purposes" can be translated using the verb "intends." The heart is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "what he intends to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/30/intro.md b/jer/30/intro.md index 14a1c7058b..f4120d6543 100644 --- a/jer/30/intro.md +++ b/jer/30/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Jeremiah 30 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:5-24. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### God promises restoration +### God promises restoration Despite the prophesied punishment in this chapter, Yahweh promises to restore Judah. In addition to this, he also declares that he will ultimately restore Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + The author uses the term "Israel" in two different ways. He uses it in reference to the nation of Israel. He also uses it in reference to the people who used to inhabit the northern kingdom of Israel, namely the people group of Israel. ## Links: @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ The author uses the term "Israel" in two different ways. He uses it in reference * __[Jeremiah 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/31/01.md b/jer/31/01.md index 6cc7d32195..c8e89a8348 100644 --- a/jer/31/01.md +++ b/jer/31/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jeremiah often wrote prophecy in the form of poetry. Hebrew poetry uses different kinds of parallelism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/02.md b/jer/31/02.md index 020c2c2cf6..937aacbdf2 100644 --- a/jer/31/02.md +++ b/jer/31/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "sword" is a metonym for war. Alternate translation: "who have survived # wilderness; I will go out to give rest to Israel Another possible meaning is "wilderness, where Israel went out to find rest." - diff --git a/jer/31/03.md b/jer/31/03.md index 43db1fc88d..6d51e7b017 100644 --- a/jer/31/03.md +++ b/jer/31/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of himself as if he were the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/t # I have drawn you toward myself with covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful" or "faithfully." Alternate translation: "I have been faithful to my covenant and brought you near to me" or "I have faithfully loved you and brought you near to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/04.md b/jer/31/04.md index 7fb64f2ced..7077fc65de 100644 --- a/jer/31/04.md +++ b/jer/31/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It was common to refer to nations as if they were women. However, "virgin" makes # tambourines musical instruments with heads like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around their sides that sound when the instruments are shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/05.md b/jer/31/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/31/05.md +++ b/jer/31/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/31/06.md b/jer/31/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/31/06.md +++ b/jer/31/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/31/07.md b/jer/31/07.md index 7aa6e9664e..2bf343756f 100644 --- a/jer/31/07.md +++ b/jer/31/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking in an apostrophe to all people of the world, so these verbs a # Let praise be heard This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Cause everyone to hear your praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/08.md b/jer/31/08.md index 088f1d69e7..e1eaa902ad 100644 --- a/jer/31/08.md +++ b/jer/31/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking about how he will bring the Israelite people back from # to bring them "to bring the Israelite people" - diff --git a/jer/31/09.md b/jer/31/09.md index 884b301c44..43fd296029 100644 --- a/jer/31/09.md +++ b/jer/31/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Ephraim" is another name for "Israel." Alternate translation: "I will be l # my firstborn The firstborn had special honor and responsibility. - diff --git a/jer/31/10.md b/jer/31/10.md index 93372d24d4..43e54e6cc6 100644 --- a/jer/31/10.md +++ b/jer/31/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself as if he were someone else, and he speaks of the people # as a shepherd keeps his sheep A shepherd cares for and protects his sheep, and Yahweh is promising to care for and protect the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/11.md b/jer/31/11.md index 87a138a404..7fa87076c1 100644 --- a/jer/31/11.md +++ b/jer/31/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For Yahweh has ransomed Jacob and has redeemed him from the hand that was too strong for him These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that it is Yahweh who has rescued the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "For Yahweh has rescued the people of Israel from their enemy who was too strong for them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/12.md b/jer/31/12.md index 54699c8053..2aa73cb364 100644 --- a/jer/31/12.md +++ b/jer/31/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means they will be strong and healthy, and they will prosper. (See: [[rc:// # they will never again feel any more sorrow The world "never" is a generalization. The Israelites will almost always feel joy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/13.md b/jer/31/13.md index f92723c6de..2b12edb553 100644 --- a/jer/31/13.md +++ b/jer/31/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "mourning" and "celebration" can be translated as verbs. Alte # I will change "Yahweh will change" - diff --git a/jer/31/14.md b/jer/31/14.md index 83f13fa711..b20cdd9ff9 100644 --- a/jer/31/14.md +++ b/jer/31/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "abundance" can be translated as "many good things." The lives # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/15.md b/jer/31/15.md index 192e62d9d5..0729b3dcd6 100644 --- a/jer/31/15.md +++ b/jer/31/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Rachel was the wife of Jacob/Israel and was the mother of the tribes of Joseph a # She refuses to be comforted over them, for they live no longer This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "She will not let anyone comfort her, for her children are dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/16.md b/jer/31/16.md index ab8690b6d0..b3d1ccf32c 100644 --- a/jer/31/16.md +++ b/jer/31/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking to the Israelites as if he were speaking to Rachel ([Jeremiah # this is Yahweh's declaration In both instances of this phrase, Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/17.md b/jer/31/17.md index 5286c63805..739faf2d21 100644 --- a/jer/31/17.md +++ b/jer/31/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your future ... your descendants Yahweh is speaking to the Israelites as if he were speaking to Rachel ([Jeremiah 31:15](../31/15.md)), so all instances of "your" and the commands are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/18.md b/jer/31/18.md index b283c9b149..37e616bac5 100644 --- a/jer/31/18.md +++ b/jer/31/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ When people train calves, they strike them and otherwise cause them to suffer. Y # punished Another possible meaning is "disciplined." - diff --git a/jer/31/19.md b/jer/31/19.md index 69f303f3b3..c56fb08e84 100644 --- a/jer/31/19.md +++ b/jer/31/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ in grief. If people use a different phrase or action in your language to show th # I was ashamed and humiliated The words "ashamed" and "humiliated" mean basically the same thing and intensify the idea of shame. Alternate translation: "I was completely ashamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/20.md b/jer/31/20.md index af7cb2f49c..4f974749eb 100644 --- a/jer/31/20.md +++ b/jer/31/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking tenderly, trying to comfort the people. These questions can b # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/21.md b/jer/31/21.md index 8eef3a28ad..61a0b846c4 100644 --- a/jer/31/21.md +++ b/jer/31/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These commands and instances of "yourself" and "your" and "you" are addressed to # Come back, virgin Israel! God is referring to a changed Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/22.md b/jer/31/22.md index 29abe6ee40..8ff62c2bb0 100644 --- a/jer/31/22.md +++ b/jer/31/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) be unable to decide what to do or 2) often go off the c # new on earth—a woman surrounds a strong man Possible meanings are 1) the people will be so safe that women will not need anyone to protect them or 2) this is an idiom for something no one would ever expect. Alternate translation: "new on earth—something as strange as a woman protecting a man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/23.md b/jer/31/23.md index 276bf4c708..0f086f4157 100644 --- a/jer/31/23.md +++ b/jer/31/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jerusalem is on the top of a hill, and the temple was built at the highest point # you holy mountain Mount Zion, where the temple had stood - diff --git a/jer/31/24.md b/jer/31/24.md index 7a80f5463a..fb4f5b4744 100644 --- a/jer/31/24.md +++ b/jer/31/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The name of the man Judah is a metonym for the land on which his descendants, th # those who set out with flocks people who take care of sheep and goats - diff --git a/jer/31/25.md b/jer/31/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/31/25.md +++ b/jer/31/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/31/26.md b/jer/31/26.md index ac85e2d845..e7606d8705 100644 --- a/jer/31/26.md +++ b/jer/31/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had been refreshing "had refreshed me" - diff --git a/jer/31/27.md b/jer/31/27.md index 197abde155..e482a88585 100644 --- a/jer/31/27.md +++ b/jer/31/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # I will sow the houses of Israel and Judah with the seed of man and the seed of animals The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the people of Israel and the people of Judah. The house in turn is spoken of as if it were a field in which Yahweh would sow seed, and the people and the animals they raise for food, milk, and skins are spoken of as if they are that seed. Alternate translation: "I will cause the people of Israel and Judah to become many people with many animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/28.md b/jer/31/28.md index 3fbe142fad..2965a46205 100644 --- a/jer/31/28.md +++ b/jer/31/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated these ideas in [Jeremiah 1:9](../01/09.md). # in order to build them up and to plant them Yahweh speaks of the Israelites as if they were a house or a food crop. Alternate translation: "in order to make them strong and many" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/29.md b/jer/31/29.md index 57d0f6910c..a8e9031f19 100644 --- a/jer/31/29.md +++ b/jer/31/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) grapes with too much acid in them or 2) grapes that are # teeth are dulled Use the common words in your language for how people's mouths feel when they eat sour or unripe fruit. - diff --git a/jer/31/30.md b/jer/31/30.md index 7b5dc31dd6..151c94665a 100644 --- a/jer/31/30.md +++ b/jer/31/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # everyone who eats sour grapes, his teeth will be dulled Jeremiah restates the proverb so that it now means people will suffer as a consequence of their own behaviors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/31.md b/jer/31/31.md index a50a1303db..fe8e7dbf92 100644 --- a/jer/31/31.md +++ b/jer/31/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # the house of Judah The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/32.md b/jer/31/32.md index ba9a0696e9..c098f0f653 100644 --- a/jer/31/32.md +++ b/jer/31/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I took them by their hand as a loving husband would hold the hand of his wife as they walk (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/33.md b/jer/31/33.md index 40f6464b15..d4014b5a8d 100644 --- a/jer/31/33.md +++ b/jer/31/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # I will place my law within them and will write it on their heart These two phrases have similar meanings and emphasize that Yahweh's law will become a part of them, rather than merely written on stone. Here "heart" represents "emotions" or "mind." Alternate translation: "My law will be part of their thoughts and emotions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/34.md b/jer/31/34.md index 5a2c32db59..838313dd89 100644 --- a/jer/31/34.md +++ b/jer/31/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the smallest of them to the greatest This phrase refers to every person, from the least important to the most important. Alternate translation: "every single one of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/35.md b/jer/31/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/31/35.md +++ b/jer/31/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/31/36.md b/jer/31/36.md index b6043084c9..0ee0419075 100644 --- a/jer/31/36.md +++ b/jer/31/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of a situation that will never happen in order to assure the peopl # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/37.md b/jer/31/37.md index 36a1dd9548..ee6cea8722 100644 --- a/jer/31/37.md +++ b/jer/31/37.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ throw away or refuse to take # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/38.md b/jer/31/38.md index 43d7268ebf..2a7a6add48 100644 --- a/jer/31/38.md +++ b/jer/31/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will rebuild # Tower of Hananel ... Corner Gate These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/39.md b/jer/31/39.md index a046c9171b..02af8dade7 100644 --- a/jer/31/39.md +++ b/jer/31/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hill of Gareb ... Goah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/40.md b/jer/31/40.md index 58e812b1ce..6d9e25d0bc 100644 --- a/jer/31/40.md +++ b/jer/31/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # The city will not be pulled up or overthrown again The city is spoken of as if it were a plant that someone could pull out of the ground or a building that someone could break down. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not allow anyone to pull up or overthrow the city again" or "No one will tear the city down or destroy it again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/31/intro.md b/jer/31/intro.md index d01b8e3db3..670aa2e070 100644 --- a/jer/31/intro.md +++ b/jer/31/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # Jeremiah 31 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 31:1-6, 8-22, 35-37. The ULB sets 31:29 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is an important quotation. This chapter begins with a transition from the previous chapter. "At that time" is a reference to the day of restoration mentioned in [Jeremiah 30:24](../../jer/30/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### The new covenant +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The new covenant This chapter is an important teaching regarding the new covenant. God will make a new covenant that will bring forgiveness of sins and a desire to obey God. Scholars disagree about whether this new covenant has begun. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Israel -#### Israel In this chapter, Jeremiah uses the term "Israel" in reference to the nation of Israel as a whole. He also uses it in reference to the northern kingdom of Israel and their people group. ## Links: @@ -23,4 +25,3 @@ In this chapter, Jeremiah uses the term "Israel" in reference to the nation of I * __[Jeremiah 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/32/01.md b/jer/32/01.md index 5cbf47b6dc..dbc0ab1db3 100644 --- a/jer/32/01.md +++ b/jer/32/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is used to announce that God gave messages to Jeremiah. See how you t # in the tenth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, the eighteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar "after Zedekiah had been king of Judah for more than nine years and Nebuchadnezzar had been king for more than seventeen years" - diff --git a/jer/32/02.md b/jer/32/02.md index 6f561789f0..5e0b32d49e 100644 --- a/jer/32/02.md +++ b/jer/32/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may trans # the courtyard of the guard at the house of the king of Judah This was an open area attached to the king's palace that was surrounded by buildings and in which they kept prisoners. - diff --git a/jer/32/03.md b/jer/32/03.md index d8ea611d65..272218c164 100644 --- a/jer/32/03.md +++ b/jer/32/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the city as if it were a small object that one person could giv # he will capture it It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people would help the king of Babylon take control of the city. - diff --git a/jer/32/04.md b/jer/32/04.md index bd91829027..12a80b7be4 100644 --- a/jer/32/04.md +++ b/jer/32/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. T # His mouth will speak to the king's mouth, and his eyes will see the king's eyes Here "mouth" and "eyes" represent the whole person. Alternate translation: "Zedekiah himself will see and directly speak with Nebuchadnezzar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/05.md b/jer/32/05.md index 506e97afaf..e9219a15dc 100644 --- a/jer/32/05.md +++ b/jer/32/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # you fight Here "you" is plural and refers to the people in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/06.md b/jer/32/06.md index e494c9c15d..a11d11bfd8 100644 --- a/jer/32/06.md +++ b/jer/32/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may trans # The word of Yahweh came to me, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated it in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave me a message. He said, 'Look" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me: 'Look" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/07.md b/jer/32/07.md index acb1f4d74f..543c5fb018 100644 --- a/jer/32/07.md +++ b/jer/32/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Anathoth This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/08.md b/jer/32/08.md index 905b4622d0..5b1a3a4180 100644 --- a/jer/32/08.md +++ b/jer/32/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah continues speaking, but he begins to speak of himself in first person. # the courtyard of the guard This was an open area attached to the king's palace that was surrounded by buildings and in which they kept prisoners. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 32:2](../32/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/32/09.md b/jer/32/09.md index c8e497d8c9..b261046e08 100644 --- a/jer/32/09.md +++ b/jer/32/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seventeen shekels A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: "17 shekels" or "187 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/10.md b/jer/32/10.md index d7418b8e3d..2a49c176bc 100644 --- a/jer/32/10.md +++ b/jer/32/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the deed that a person would sign to purchase land. Other people # had witnesses witness it "had people watch me purchase the land so they could tell others that I had purchased the land" - diff --git a/jer/32/11.md b/jer/32/11.md index 271d2fbb8d..2d41ef6681 100644 --- a/jer/32/11.md +++ b/jer/32/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I sealed" (S # unsealed deed "opened copy" or "the deed that did not have a seal on it" - diff --git a/jer/32/12.md b/jer/32/12.md index c712b4e995..7af2aac80f 100644 --- a/jer/32/12.md +++ b/jer/32/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the courtyard of the guard The open area attached to the king's palace that was surrounded by buildings and in which they kept prisoners. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 32:2](../32/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/32/13.md b/jer/32/13.md index 0aafe77a08..cc8175a046 100644 --- a/jer/32/13.md +++ b/jer/32/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah continues speaking. # before them Here "them" refers to Hanamel, the witnesses, and the Judeans. - diff --git a/jer/32/14.md b/jer/32/14.md index 2e392167a0..3dcdedceb6 100644 --- a/jer/32/14.md +++ b/jer/32/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh of hosts ... says this Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 6:6](../06/06.md). - diff --git a/jer/32/15.md b/jer/32/15.md index 5af1114360..0a9bb5f546 100644 --- a/jer/32/15.md +++ b/jer/32/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Houses, fields, and vineyards will again be bought in this land This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The people of Israel will buy houses, vineyards and fields again in this land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/16.md b/jer/32/16.md index ef79105e4c..e0b8d9b32f 100644 --- a/jer/32/16.md +++ b/jer/32/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah continues speaking. He begins a long prayer, a lament with a long intro # the receipt of purchase This means the sealed scroll and the unsealed scroll. - diff --git a/jer/32/17.md b/jer/32/17.md index f844507f6b..c015af20ab 100644 --- a/jer/32/17.md +++ b/jer/32/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "woe" here indicates that in this prayer Jeremiah is sad, complaining o # by your great strength and with your raised arm The phrase "raised arm" is a metonym for the strength of the arm, so the words "your great strength" and "your raised arm" form a doublet. Alternate translation: "by your great power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/18.md b/jer/32/18.md index 92390b522d..a4d135708b 100644 --- a/jer/32/18.md +++ b/jer/32/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "love" can be stated as the verb "love." Alternate translation # pour the guilt of fathers into the laps of their children after them The word "guilt" is a metonym for Yahweh punishing people because they are guilty of doing evil things. Yahweh punishing people is spoken of as if he were pouring a large container full of liquid or small objects into people's laps as they sit. Alternate translation: "you punish children for the sins of their parents" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/19.md b/jer/32/19.md index ef16ec9aa5..d89aa9418b 100644 --- a/jer/32/19.md +++ b/jer/32/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Open eyes are a metonym for what the person sees. How a person lives is spoken o # to give to each man what his conduct and deeds deserve The abstract nouns "conduct" and "deeds," which are similar in meaning, can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "and will reward everyone according to how good or evil the things they do are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/20.md b/jer/32/20.md index 763090b200..8be61f148c 100644 --- a/jer/32/20.md +++ b/jer/32/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to an event in the past when God used his power to free the people o # you have made your name famous Here "name" refers to God's reputation. Alternate translation: "you have made yourself famous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/21.md b/jer/32/21.md index 11512047f6..b69fa9940a 100644 --- a/jer/32/21.md +++ b/jer/32/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with a strong hand, with a raised arm The phrase "strong hand" is a metonym for strength, and the phrase "raised arm" is a metonym for the strength of the arm, so the phrases "strong hand" and "raised arm" form a doublet. Alternate translation: "by your great strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/22.md b/jer/32/22.md index b2dcc37df2..3d69b32438 100644 --- a/jer/32/22.md +++ b/jer/32/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah continues praying to Yahweh. He ends the introduction to his lament ("W # land flowing with milk and honey "land where milk and honey flow." God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 11:5](../11/05.md). Alternate translation: "land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/23.md b/jer/32/23.md index b127f3ec1d..7cee0f8623 100644 --- a/jer/32/23.md +++ b/jer/32/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But they did not obey your voice The voice is a metonym for the message the speaker gives. Alternate translation: "But they did not obey what you said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/24.md b/jer/32/24.md index 10e3251d77..7cd81bbf9f 100644 --- a/jer/32/24.md +++ b/jer/32/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "hand" means power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alter # happening, and see, you are watching "happening, as you can see very well" - diff --git a/jer/32/25.md b/jer/32/25.md index c076a8b284..fb39aed804 100644 --- a/jer/32/25.md +++ b/jer/32/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this city is being given This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I am giving this city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/26.md b/jer/32/26.md index bd21b51a55..0703ece7c7 100644 --- a/jer/32/26.md +++ b/jer/32/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translat # came to Jeremiah It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may translate using first person, as the UDB does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/27.md b/jer/32/27.md index c234fb36f8..105a7f8667 100644 --- a/jer/32/27.md +++ b/jer/32/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is anything too difficult for me to do? Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he can do anything. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Nothing is too difficult for me to do." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/28.md b/jer/32/28.md index e2e94152cf..a95429d199 100644 --- a/jer/32/28.md +++ b/jer/32/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # give this city into the hand of the Chaldeans Yahweh speaks of the city as if it were a small object that he could put into a person's hand. The word "hand" is a metonym for the power that the hand puts into action. Alternate translation: "put this city under the power of the Chaldeans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/29.md b/jer/32/29.md index 03abf9c173..4a65bb7435 100644 --- a/jer/32/29.md +++ b/jer/32/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Jeremiah. # in order to provoke me "so that I would become very angry" - diff --git a/jer/32/30.md b/jer/32/30.md index f1947758f3..f870a3fabd 100644 --- a/jer/32/30.md +++ b/jer/32/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings of this are 1) the word "hand" is a synecdoche for the person # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/31.md b/jer/32/31.md index 265119c511..185e9eaf43 100644 --- a/jer/32/31.md +++ b/jer/32/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "provocation" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translati # from before my face The face is a metonym for the person's presence. Alternate translation: "from my presence" or "completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/32.md b/jer/32/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/32/32.md +++ b/jer/32/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/32/33.md b/jer/32/33.md index 18450ef01d..823c701e84 100644 --- a/jer/32/33.md +++ b/jer/32/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ One turns one's face to someone to show that one is listening, and one's back to # to receive correction "to learn how to act correctly" - diff --git a/jer/32/34.md b/jer/32/34.md index 0342f1315d..8dae4055c3 100644 --- a/jer/32/34.md +++ b/jer/32/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the house that is called by my name Here "name" represents Yahweh. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the house that belongs to me" or "the building in which they worship me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/35.md b/jer/32/35.md index 0d0bfeef4d..a2940a8139 100644 --- a/jer/32/35.md +++ b/jer/32/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:31](../07/31.md). # It never entered my mind Here "mind" refers to Yahweh's thoughts. Alternate translation: "I never thought at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/36.md b/jer/32/36.md index 21b65873dd..9a0e5189d2 100644 --- a/jer/32/36.md +++ b/jer/32/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" is plural. These words could refer to 1) Jeremiah and those with him, # It is given into the hand of the king of Babylon Here "hand" means power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has given it to the king of Babylon" or "Yahweh has given the king of Babylon the power to rule it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/37.md b/jer/32/37.md index 0f5ceb9f80..f4c2ce41e0 100644 --- a/jer/32/37.md +++ b/jer/32/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All three words mean the same thing and emphasize how very angry he is. Alternat # in security "where they are safe" - diff --git a/jer/32/38.md b/jer/32/38.md index 47d8d2d3e0..401ba9b383 100644 --- a/jer/32/38.md +++ b/jer/32/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues speaking. - diff --git a/jer/32/39.md b/jer/32/39.md index 116ae51e10..709fa1bc3d 100644 --- a/jer/32/39.md +++ b/jer/32/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one heart and one way to honor me The people of Israel will want to work together to honor Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/40.md b/jer/32/40.md index 24c1058526..0c31143683 100644 --- a/jer/32/40.md +++ b/jer/32/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Honor is spoken of as if it were a solid object put in a container from which no # so that they will never turn away from me "so that they will never stop obeying and worshiping me" - diff --git a/jer/32/41.md b/jer/32/41.md index 6fc15e9da7..1cdd63310c 100644 --- a/jer/32/41.md +++ b/jer/32/41.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of having his people live in the land forever as if he were planti # with all my heart and all my life Together, these two phrases form an idiomatic expression that refers to a person's entire being. Alternate translation: "with all that I am" or "wholeheartedly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/42.md b/jer/32/42.md index b722b060da..2cb3cacaa9 100644 --- a/jer/32/42.md +++ b/jer/32/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have brought all this great disaster on this people, so I will bring on them all the good things "I have caused all these bad things to happen to this people, and now I will cause the good things to happen to them" - diff --git a/jer/32/43.md b/jer/32/43.md index e24ac07b7c..4953661281 100644 --- a/jer/32/43.md +++ b/jer/32/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] # It has been given into the hand of the Chaldeans Here "hand" is a metonym for power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has given it to the Chaldeans" or "Yahweh has given the Chaldeans power over it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/44.md b/jer/32/44.md index 5408b04889..5439ee8c53 100644 --- a/jer/32/44.md +++ b/jer/32/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "sealed scrolls" are the deeds that a person would sign to purchase land. Ot # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/32/intro.md b/jer/32/intro.md index 860fce7269..43e8b32ef2 100644 --- a/jer/32/intro.md +++ b/jer/32/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Jeremiah 32 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + The king should have listened to the prophet Jeremiah and repented of his sin. Instead, he objected to his message. Yahweh punished him because of this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Israel -The term "Israel" is used exclusively in reference to the nation of Israel as a whole in this chapter. +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Israel + +The term "Israel" is used exclusively in reference to the nation of Israel as a whole in this chapter. ## Links: * __[Jeremiah 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/33/01.md b/jer/33/01.md index acd89bc99d..92b6b3ba10 100644 --- a/jer/33/01.md +++ b/jer/33/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. There is no n # the courtyard of the guard This was an open area attached to the king's palace that was surrounded by buildings and in which they kept prisoners. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 32:2](../32/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/33/02.md b/jer/33/02.md index cbfc16a692..b638cdcb9b 100644 --- a/jer/33/02.md +++ b/jer/33/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who forms in order to establish who creates things so he can make them exist forever - diff --git a/jer/33/03.md b/jer/33/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/33/03.md +++ b/jer/33/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/33/04.md b/jer/33/04.md index 74f210bf8d..066a1a25ad 100644 --- a/jer/33/04.md +++ b/jer/33/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) the people tore # the sword This is a metonym for people dying violently when soldiers kill with swords. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/05.md b/jer/33/05.md index 593ce9810a..7ceb127ba3 100644 --- a/jer/33/05.md +++ b/jer/33/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "wrath" and "fury" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the int # I hide my face Yahweh is represented by his "face." This phrase shows Yahweh's displeasure with the city. Alternate translation: "I have turned away from you" or "I am no longer concerned with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/06.md b/jer/33/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/33/06.md +++ b/jer/33/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/33/07.md b/jer/33/07.md index ec6490a737..26fa415c63 100644 --- a/jer/33/07.md +++ b/jer/33/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will reverse the captivity of Judah and Israel The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "free Israel and Judah from those who had captured them" or "I will free Israel and Judah from their captivity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/08.md b/jer/33/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/33/08.md +++ b/jer/33/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/33/09.md b/jer/33/09.md index f62ae043d0..e9634559d5 100644 --- a/jer/33/09.md +++ b/jer/33/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Another possible meaning is "awe." # because of all the good things and the peace that I will give to it The abstract noun "peace" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "because of all the good things that I will give to it and because I will cause it to be peaceful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/10.md b/jer/33/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/33/10.md +++ b/jer/33/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/33/11.md b/jer/33/11.md index 21ebc3c534..a4c01475e1 100644 --- a/jer/33/11.md +++ b/jer/33/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "land" is a metonym for the people who live on the land. The abstract n # to what they were before This refers to the time before the exile to Babylon. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "to what they were before I sent the Israelites into exile in Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/12.md b/jer/33/12.md index fc5550fbe9..749a9dddf1 100644 --- a/jer/33/12.md +++ b/jer/33/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh of hosts says this Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 6:6](../06/06.md). - diff --git a/jer/33/13.md b/jer/33/13.md index f445a3c538..2d138dde5f 100644 --- a/jer/33/13.md +++ b/jer/33/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the flocks will again pass under the hands of the ones counting them This refers to the practice of a shepherd counting and inspecting his sheep as the sheep walked under his hand. Alternate translation: "shepherds will again count their sheep as the sheep walk by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/14.md b/jer/33/14.md index 735556246a..90c7dc7653 100644 --- a/jer/33/14.md +++ b/jer/33/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # Judah This is a metonym for the people who live in Judah. Alternate translation: "the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/15.md b/jer/33/15.md index 248c3fde16..7597da11a8 100644 --- a/jer/33/15.md +++ b/jer/33/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of a descendant of David as if he were a branch off of a tree trun # the land the nation of Israel (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/16.md b/jer/33/16.md index 3c06e25ee0..6d499e63e1 100644 --- a/jer/33/16.md +++ b/jer/33/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will save Judah # this is what she will be called Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem as if the town were a woman. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "this is what they will call her" or "this is what I will call the town" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/17.md b/jer/33/17.md index dd7f6608e2..563c37c5f2 100644 --- a/jer/33/17.md +++ b/jer/33/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The throne is a metonym for the king. Alternate translation: "to be king over th # the house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/18.md b/jer/33/18.md index bcf7fd7511..4faf3afaab 100644 --- a/jer/33/18.md +++ b/jer/33/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # raise burnt offerings "offer burnt offerings" - diff --git a/jer/33/19.md b/jer/33/19.md index 2507b7ca45..aa558f741b 100644 --- a/jer/33/19.md +++ b/jer/33/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translat # to Jeremiah It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. There is no need to translate using first person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/20.md b/jer/33/20.md index f3b9f51645..3bbc64aaee 100644 --- a/jer/33/20.md +++ b/jer/33/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking of himself here. Alternate translation: "I say" (See: [[rc:// # If you can break my covenant with day and night ... proper times This phrase starting with "If" is a condition that is contrary to fact. No one can break God's covenant with night and day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/21.md b/jer/33/21.md index 282bbe9a92..3aa96908d3 100644 --- a/jer/33/21.md +++ b/jer/33/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This completes the sentence that began in verse 20 with the condition that is co # to reign on his throne The throne is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: "to rule the kingdom I have given to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/22.md b/jer/33/22.md index bce11faded..1cda32dad2 100644 --- a/jer/33/22.md +++ b/jer/33/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is part of a simile, and it can be expressed in active form. Alternate tran # as the sand of the seashores cannot be measured This is part of a simile, and it can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "as the sand of the seashores is so abundant that it cannot be measured" or "as no one can measure the sand of the seashores" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/23.md b/jer/33/23.md index 2507b7ca45..aa558f741b 100644 --- a/jer/33/23.md +++ b/jer/33/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translat # to Jeremiah It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. There is no need to translate using first person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/24.md b/jer/33/24.md index bff0ae3b7a..c5085fe8dc 100644 --- a/jer/33/24.md +++ b/jer/33/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh wants Jeremiah to think deeply about what the people have said. This rhet # my people ... are no longer a nation in their sight Sight is a metonym for thinking. Alternate translation: "they no longer think of my people as a nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/25.md b/jer/33/25.md index 9cc61d5c59..41efc6b6bf 100644 --- a/jer/33/25.md +++ b/jer/33/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If I have not established ... and if I have not fixed ... earth This phrase starting with "If" is a condition that is contrary to fact. God established his covenant with day and night, and he fixed the laws of heaven and earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/jer/33/26.md b/jer/33/26.md index b1bf14f2cf..15c5b44c2c 100644 --- a/jer/33/26.md +++ b/jer/33/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. See how simi # show mercy to See how the words "have compassion on" are translated in ([Jeremiah 30:18](../30/18.md)). - diff --git a/jer/33/intro.md b/jer/33/intro.md index f00fd805db..17e89d4102 100644 --- a/jer/33/intro.md +++ b/jer/33/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Jeremiah 33 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +### Covenant faithfulness -#### Covenant faithfulness Despite the great punishment Judah is facing and Israel has undergone, there is hope. This hope is based in the covenant faithfulness of Yahweh. Ultimately, he will restore his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Despite the great punishment Judah is facing and Israel has undergone, there is * __[Jeremiah 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/34/01.md b/jer/34/01.md index 62139a4259..a647adc7de 100644 --- a/jer/34/01.md +++ b/jer/34/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name in this chapter. Th # all of her cities This refers to all the towns around Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/02.md b/jer/34/02.md index f573ee16e3..e2fec1c109 100644 --- a/jer/34/02.md +++ b/jer/34/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 32:28](../32/28.md) # into the hand of the king of Babylon Here the word "hand" is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate translation: "under the control of the king of Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/03.md b/jer/34/03.md index 720a81743f..8db22eafe2 100644 --- a/jer/34/03.md +++ b/jer/34/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hand" is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alter # you will certainly be seized and given This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Babylonians will certainly seize you and give you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/04.md b/jer/34/04.md index 66d673b48c..676ef73e48 100644 --- a/jer/34/04.md +++ b/jer/34/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will not die by the sword. The word "sword" is a metonym for dying in war. Alternate translation: "You will not die in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/05.md b/jer/34/05.md index 2a7ad290a1..f206d41c93 100644 --- a/jer/34/05.md +++ b/jer/34/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people would burn spices in honor of people who had recently died. They did # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/06.md b/jer/34/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/34/06.md +++ b/jer/34/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/34/07.md b/jer/34/07.md index 466082bd7b..8782db699d 100644 --- a/jer/34/07.md +++ b/jer/34/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # These cities of Judah remained as fortified cities "the only fortified cities of Judah that the Babylonians had not yet captured" - diff --git a/jer/34/08.md b/jer/34/08.md index 7ec15d8a35..01f2581f1e 100644 --- a/jer/34/08.md +++ b/jer/34/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ message # after King Zedekiah had made a covenant ... freedom to them These words begin to provide background information to events that will be described later. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/09.md b/jer/34/09.md index 7b754d167c..a6b8e53238 100644 --- a/jer/34/09.md +++ b/jer/34/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that each man ... his brother -The background information that begins with the words "after King Zedekiah had made a covenant" in verse 8 ends here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate:writing_background]]) - +The background information that begins with the words "after King Zedekiah had made a covenant" in verse 8 ends here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) diff --git a/jer/34/10.md b/jer/34/10.md index c76b75f199..9a231f6809 100644 --- a/jer/34/10.md +++ b/jer/34/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Jeremiah continues giving the background information that began in [Jeremiah 34:8](../34/08.md). - diff --git a/jer/34/11.md b/jer/34/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/34/11.md +++ b/jer/34/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/34/12.md b/jer/34/12.md index af673efde9..00f657d5cd 100644 --- a/jer/34/12.md +++ b/jer/34/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah resumes the story from [Jeremiah 34:8](../34/08.md) after the backgroun # the word of Yahweh came to Jeremiah, saying, This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Jeremiah. He said, 'Yahweh" or "Yahweh spoke this message to Jeremiah: 'Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/13.md b/jer/34/13.md index fcfef714c5..80a3bd6dc0 100644 --- a/jer/34/13.md +++ b/jer/34/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house of slavery This is an idiom. "place where you were slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/14.md b/jer/34/14.md index e0c28d335b..ad8b17d334 100644 --- a/jer/34/14.md +++ b/jer/34/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # did not ... incline their ears to me To incline the ear, to lean the head toward the speaker so as to hear better, is a metonym for paying attention to what the speaker is saying. Alternate translation: "did not ... pay attention to what I said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/15.md b/jer/34/15.md index 877054fb0e..b45c34aab4 100644 --- a/jer/34/15.md +++ b/jer/34/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "now" is used to draw attention to the important point that follow # the house that is called by my name This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the house that belongs to me" or "the building in which they worship me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/16.md b/jer/34/16.md index a0fd263401..32a45cdda2 100644 --- a/jer/34/16.md +++ b/jer/34/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turned and polluted my name A person's name is a metonym for what people think of him. Alternate translation: "stopped doing what was right and did evil things that have made people think that I am evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/17.md b/jer/34/17.md index 5a04126764..0ec2d06530 100644 --- a/jer/34/17.md +++ b/jer/34/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a metonym for soldiers who carry swords. Alternate translation: "enemy s # am going to make you a terrifying thing in the sight of every kingdom on earth Here "sight" represents judgment or evaluation. The word "kingdom" is a metonym for the people who live in the kingdom. Alternate translation: "I am going to terrify the people in every kingdom on earth by what I do to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/18.md b/jer/34/18.md index d944bba893..33627ab203 100644 --- a/jer/34/18.md +++ b/jer/34/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words begin to describe how the people established the covenant. (See: [[r # established before me "agreed to with me" or "established while I was watching" - diff --git a/jer/34/19.md b/jer/34/19.md index e704bb2f52..7df7cbebb6 100644 --- a/jer/34/19.md +++ b/jer/34/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and then the leaders ... walked between the parts of the bull The description of how the people established the covenant that began with the words "when they cut" in verse 18 ends here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/20.md b/jer/34/20.md index 4f1cf574a5..c4ed74c6cb 100644 --- a/jer/34/20.md +++ b/jer/34/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way to say that they wanted to kill them. Alternate translation # into the hand of their enemies Here the word "hands" represents control. Alternate translation: "to be conquered by their enemies" or "over to the control of their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/34/21.md b/jer/34/21.md index a8eb354e81..0d2102691f 100644 --- a/jer/34/21.md +++ b/jer/34/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # risen up "come to fight" - diff --git a/jer/34/22.md b/jer/34/22.md index 272557d3ac..a7c4d11b6c 100644 --- a/jer/34/22.md +++ b/jer/34/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bring them bring the Babylonian armies - diff --git a/jer/34/intro.md b/jer/34/intro.md index 1b97fd7229..04c08026df 100644 --- a/jer/34/intro.md +++ b/jer/34/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,14 @@ # Jeremiah 34 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Law of Moses +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Law of Moses + According to the law of Moses, the people were required to free their indebted slaves after a period of time. The king led them in freeing their fellow Israelites whom they held as slaves, but later they changed their minds and enslaved them again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Actions with cultural meaning +### Actions with cultural meaning When the people of Israel made a sacred promise to God, they cut a calf in two and passed between its parts. It was a very serious sin not to do what one had promised. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ When the people of Israel made a sacred promise to God, they cut a calf in two a * __[Jeremiah 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/35/01.md b/jer/35/01.md index de13980b09..c3904affe0 100644 --- a/jer/35/01.md +++ b/jer/35/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idiom "The word that came to Jeremiah from Yahweh" is used to introduce a sp # to Jeremiah It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may translate using first person, as the UDB does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/35/02.md b/jer/35/02.md index f565210ab0..c380d28274 100644 --- a/jer/35/02.md +++ b/jer/35/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # my house the temple - diff --git a/jer/35/03.md b/jer/35/03.md index 3636e7a02a..79a0f244eb 100644 --- a/jer/35/03.md +++ b/jer/35/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jaazaniah ... Habazziniah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/35/04.md b/jer/35/04.md index b0fc1d7c5b..29713175df 100644 --- a/jer/35/04.md +++ b/jer/35/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hanan ... Igdaliah ... Maaseiah ... Shallum These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/35/05.md b/jer/35/05.md index e3f873bb70..a00eb50ea0 100644 --- a/jer/35/05.md +++ b/jer/35/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Rekabites See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 35:2](../35/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/35/06.md b/jer/35/06.md index c22f682aca..125cbf51b1 100644 --- a/jer/35/06.md +++ b/jer/35/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonadab ... Rekab These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/35/07.md b/jer/35/07.md index be6ff49f55..f9cf0680a8 100644 --- a/jer/35/07.md +++ b/jer/35/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # live many days in the land "live many years in the land." "Days" refers to the span of time. - diff --git a/jer/35/08.md b/jer/35/08.md index 6b870b04ab..13735bd2ac 100644 --- a/jer/35/08.md +++ b/jer/35/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "voice" is a metonym for the command that Jonadab spoke. Alternate tran # all of our days "as long as we live." "Days" refers to the span of time. - diff --git a/jer/35/09.md b/jer/35/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/35/09.md +++ b/jer/35/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/35/10.md b/jer/35/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/35/10.md +++ b/jer/35/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/35/11.md b/jer/35/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/35/11.md +++ b/jer/35/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/35/12.md b/jer/35/12.md index e5b86f4fd4..c046e6b3b7 100644 --- a/jer/35/12.md +++ b/jer/35/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translat # to Jeremiah It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may translate using first person, as the UDB does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/35/13.md b/jer/35/13.md index f748ff9370..4268438383 100644 --- a/jer/35/13.md +++ b/jer/35/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is telling Israel to listen carefully to his rebuke. Alternate translatio # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/35/14.md b/jer/35/14.md index 18d5c3ad4c..393eb3dfed 100644 --- a/jer/35/14.md +++ b/jer/35/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The sons of Jonadab s # Jonadab ... Rekab These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/35/15.md b/jer/35/15.md index a22d4cb3dc..369f78eaaf 100644 --- a/jer/35/15.md +++ b/jer/35/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Walking after a god is a metaphor for obeying the laws of that god. Alternate tr # you did not incline your ears When people incline their ears, they turn their head so they can hear someone or something better. This is a metonym for paying attention. Alternate translation "you did not pay attention to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonym]]) - diff --git a/jer/35/16.md b/jer/35/16.md index e47a535a72..5ab3ddf83e 100644 --- a/jer/35/16.md +++ b/jer/35/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the commands of their ancestor that he commanded them "the commands of their ancestor that he gave them" or "the things that their ancestor commanded them to do" - diff --git a/jer/35/17.md b/jer/35/17.md index 549e2e0743..735d0284cf 100644 --- a/jer/35/17.md +++ b/jer/35/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Look This word tells the reader to pay special attention to what follows. - diff --git a/jer/35/18.md b/jer/35/18.md index c656356372..a97dd0436f 100644 --- a/jer/35/18.md +++ b/jer/35/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # Jonadab a man's name. See how you translated it in [Jeremiah 35:5](../35/05.md). - diff --git a/jer/35/19.md b/jer/35/19.md index 5e5ecfd9e3..8029b836b1 100644 --- a/jer/35/19.md +++ b/jer/35/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonadab ... Rekab These are the names of men. See how you translated these in [Jeremiah 35:5](../35/05.md). - diff --git a/jer/35/intro.md b/jer/35/intro.md index e7459d91f7..83dcabff9a 100644 --- a/jer/35/intro.md +++ b/jer/35/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Jeremiah 35 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The Rechabites +### The Rechabites -The actions of the Rechabites contrasted with the actions of the Jews. The Rechabites obeyed the commands their ancestor had give while living in Canaan, but Judah did not obey Yahweh's commands. Because the Rechabites were obedient, Yahweh preserved their clan. The Rechabites' history is found in the book of Judges. +The actions of the Rechabites contrasted with the actions of the Jews. The Rechabites obeyed the commands their ancestor had give while living in Canaan, but Judah did not obey Yahweh's commands. Because the Rechabites were obedient, Yahweh preserved their clan. The Rechabites' history is found in the book of Judges. ## Links: * __[Jeremiah 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/36/01.md b/jer/36/01.md index 6be6a1581b..51b94fd819 100644 --- a/jer/36/01.md +++ b/jer/36/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may trans # he said "Yahweh said" - diff --git a/jer/36/02.md b/jer/36/02.md index 6a2dd7e0a5..f43a92b6d6 100644 --- a/jer/36/02.md +++ b/jer/36/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # from the days of Josiah until this very day "from the time Josiah was king until today" - diff --git a/jer/36/03.md b/jer/36/03.md index 508460e378..36ad285685 100644 --- a/jer/36/03.md +++ b/jer/36/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of a person's lifestyle as if it were a "way" or path along which # forgive their iniquity and their sin The words "iniquity" and "sin" are metonyms for the persons who commit iniquity and sin. Alternate translation: "forgive them for their iniquity and their sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/36/04.md b/jer/36/04.md index 7a00f627ae..d4eeccb605 100644 --- a/jer/36/04.md +++ b/jer/36/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may trans # Baruch wrote in a scroll, at Jeremiah's dictation, all the words of Yahweh spoken to him "while Jeremiah was speaking, Baruch wrote in a scroll all of Yahweh's words that Yahweh had spoken to Jeremiah" - diff --git a/jer/36/05.md b/jer/36/05.md index 2d4cdb8a2b..7e1e17f0ed 100644 --- a/jer/36/05.md +++ b/jer/36/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeremiah gave ... He said It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may translate using first person. Alternate translation: "I called ... at my dictation ... to me ... I gave ... I said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/36/06.md b/jer/36/06.md index bcce7aeaf5..7a5315c34c 100644 --- a/jer/36/06.md +++ b/jer/36/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # in the hearing of all of Judah who have come from their cities "so all the people of Judah who have come from their cities can hear them." See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/36/07.md b/jer/36/07.md index d526ea4114..c5c1bce853 100644 --- a/jer/36/07.md +++ b/jer/36/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of a person's lifestyle as if it were a "way" or path along which # the wrath and fury "the anger and rage" - diff --git a/jer/36/08.md b/jer/36/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/36/08.md +++ b/jer/36/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/36/09.md b/jer/36/09.md index 8cb111f04f..03f134cbcf 100644 --- a/jer/36/09.md +++ b/jer/36/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Jeremiah 25:1](../25/01.md). # proclaimed a fast "told everyone that they were going to fast" - diff --git a/jer/36/10.md b/jer/36/10.md index 8103b0c9e9..0b5779d914 100644 --- a/jer/36/10.md +++ b/jer/36/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ He read aloud Jeremiah's words. # in the hearing of all the people "where all the people could hear him." See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/36/11.md b/jer/36/11.md index 825a4a252f..ed73e2bbcc 100644 --- a/jer/36/11.md +++ b/jer/36/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Gemariah son of Shaphan See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 36:10](../36/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/36/12.md b/jer/36/12.md index 30690875dd..8ab64e0cc4 100644 --- a/jer/36/12.md +++ b/jer/36/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 28:1](../28/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # all the officials "all of the other officials" - diff --git a/jer/36/13.md b/jer/36/13.md index 2e2c22b410..2646b395fc 100644 --- a/jer/36/13.md +++ b/jer/36/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "them" refers to officials in [Jeremiah 36:12](../36/12.md). # in the hearing of the people "so that the people could hear" See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/36/14.md b/jer/36/14.md index 680acc7bd1..2bb24193fa 100644 --- a/jer/36/14.md +++ b/jer/36/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jehudi ... Nethaniah ... Shelemiah ... Cushi These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/36/15.md b/jer/36/15.md index fcc35e6a23..28559d70b5 100644 --- a/jer/36/15.md +++ b/jer/36/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # read the scroll "read the scroll aloud" - diff --git a/jer/36/16.md b/jer/36/16.md index c2aa74e7d6..5caf492a0e 100644 --- a/jer/36/16.md +++ b/jer/36/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the officials. # all these words the words that Baruch read aloud from the scroll - diff --git a/jer/36/17.md b/jer/36/17.md index ef8c2f5b62..e989651caa 100644 --- a/jer/36/17.md +++ b/jer/36/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # at Jeremiah's dictation See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 36:4](../36/04.md). - diff --git a/jer/36/18.md b/jer/36/18.md index e48d28ce60..ce149fb170 100644 --- a/jer/36/18.md +++ b/jer/36/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah spoke out loud so that Baruch could write down his words. # ink a dark liquid that is used for writing - diff --git a/jer/36/19.md b/jer/36/19.md index 82f64e9a0b..693a9ab4d0 100644 --- a/jer/36/19.md +++ b/jer/36/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make this a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "hide Jere # where you are The word "you" refers to Baruch and Jeremiah and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jer/36/20.md b/jer/36/20.md index 8a3c4b26c8..3d0e03f7da 100644 --- a/jer/36/20.md +++ b/jer/36/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated "Elishama the scribe" in [Jeremiah 36:12](../36/12.md). # in the hearing of the king "where the king could hear him" See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/36/21.md b/jer/36/21.md index 157643b241..1704fb85cf 100644 --- a/jer/36/21.md +++ b/jer/36/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jehudi See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 36:14](../36/14.md). - diff --git a/jer/36/22.md b/jer/36/22.md index 6f36d02998..2f741b02a3 100644 --- a/jer/36/22.md +++ b/jer/36/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. This is at the end of the sowing # a brazier a fireplace that people can move - diff --git a/jer/36/23.md b/jer/36/23.md index de61027444..d2067f2660 100644 --- a/jer/36/23.md +++ b/jer/36/23.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 36:22](../36/22.md). # until all of the scroll was destroyed "until the scroll was completely gone" - diff --git a/jer/36/24.md b/jer/36/24.md index 59be42f8a4..fd6699531e 100644 --- a/jer/36/24.md +++ b/jer/36/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the words from the scroll that Baruch wrote as Jeremiah dictated # nor did they tear their clothes People tore their cloths when they were extremely sad. Alternate translation: "nor did they mourn by tearing their clothes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jer/36/25.md b/jer/36/25.md index ccc25c040a..6925ae9157 100644 --- a/jer/36/25.md +++ b/jer/36/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these names in [Jeremiah 36:12](../36/12.md). # urged the king "pleaded with the king" - diff --git a/jer/36/26.md b/jer/36/26.md index 43a58ee7cb..c2c1451976 100644 --- a/jer/36/26.md +++ b/jer/36/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jeremiah the prophet ... hidden them It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may translate using first person, as the UDB does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/36/27.md b/jer/36/27.md index 2996a68ff6..d61c1b9b27 100644 --- a/jer/36/27.md +++ b/jer/36/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is not clear why Jeremiah is referring to himself by name here. You may trans # at Jeremiah's dictation See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 36:4](../36/04.md). - diff --git a/jer/36/28.md b/jer/36/28.md index 39c303c969..4cece2fdae 100644 --- a/jer/36/28.md +++ b/jer/36/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the original scroll "the first scroll" - diff --git a/jer/36/29.md b/jer/36/29.md index efcd712e50..ae66efd21e 100644 --- a/jer/36/29.md +++ b/jer/36/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jehoiakim uses this question to emphasize that Jeremiah should not have written # for he will cut off "for he will destroy" - diff --git a/jer/36/30.md b/jer/36/30.md index 790f3c6c54..80494473ef 100644 --- a/jer/36/30.md +++ b/jer/36/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will throw # frost ice that forms on grass during cold nights - diff --git a/jer/36/31.md b/jer/36/31.md index 314278aa6f..78b8bfe9ba 100644 --- a/jer/36/31.md +++ b/jer/36/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # of you all "of all of you" - diff --git a/jer/36/32.md b/jer/36/32.md index 1bdedc6c2b..a38e09ebdf 100644 --- a/jer/36/32.md +++ b/jer/36/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "dictation" can be translated as a verb. See how similar words # Furthermore, many other similar words were added to this scroll This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Furthermore, Jeremiah and Baruch added to this scroll many more words which were similar to the words that had been in the first scroll" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/36/intro.md b/jer/36/intro.md index a19895a74e..4e6e93ad86 100644 --- a/jer/36/intro.md +++ b/jer/36/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Jeremiah 36 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Opposition to Jeremiah +### Opposition to Jeremiah Jeremiah wrote God's prophesies on a scroll but the king burned it. It is possible that this action was intended to be understood as representing the definitiveness of these prophecies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Jeremiah wrote God's prophesies on a scroll but the king burned it. It is possib * __[Jeremiah 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../35/intro.md) | [>>](../37/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/37/01.md b/jer/37/01.md index 86d49c22fc..3ba922dbed 100644 --- a/jer/37/01.md +++ b/jer/37/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jehoiachin The Hebrew text has "Coniah," which is a variation of the name "Jehoiachin." Many modern versions have "Jehoiachin" in order to make it clear that the same king is being referred to. - diff --git a/jer/37/02.md b/jer/37/02.md index c9e5d09da3..c3e0055713 100644 --- a/jer/37/02.md +++ b/jer/37/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The hand is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "he had Jeremiah # Jeremiah the prophet Jeremiah refers to himself by name for reasons that are not clear. - diff --git a/jer/37/03.md b/jer/37/03.md index af7ee71634..644d2b08d4 100644 --- a/jer/37/03.md +++ b/jer/37/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [Jeremiah 21:1](../21/01.md). # on our behalf "for us" or "for our sake." The word "our" refers to King Zedekiah and the rest of the people of Judah. - diff --git a/jer/37/04.md b/jer/37/04.md index e5582bf2be..341e14943a 100644 --- a/jer/37/04.md +++ b/jer/37/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "coming and going" is an idiom that means he was free to move about. Altern # for he had not yet been put in prison This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "because no one had put him in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/37/05.md b/jer/37/05.md index b58554c6d8..b4538909bc 100644 --- a/jer/37/05.md +++ b/jer/37/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # besieging See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 32:2](../32/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/37/06.md b/jer/37/06.md index dcbaa673d9..ca4349b610 100644 --- a/jer/37/06.md +++ b/jer/37/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to Jeremiah the prophet, saying, The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Jeremiah the prophet. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to Jeremiah the prophet:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/37/07.md b/jer/37/07.md index 5b507ddaa0..ad4ab1f43a 100644 --- a/jer/37/07.md +++ b/jer/37/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "me" refers to Yahweh. # See "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" - diff --git a/jer/37/08.md b/jer/37/08.md index 9a33795713..abee7dae48 100644 --- a/jer/37/08.md +++ b/jer/37/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will fight against this city, capture it, and burn it Compare how you translated "to wage war against it and take it, and to burn it" in [Jeremiah 34:22](../34/22.md). - diff --git a/jer/37/09.md b/jer/37/09.md index 463888a1bf..320d858e4d 100644 --- a/jer/37/09.md +++ b/jer/37/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "yourselves" refers to King Zedekiah and the rest of the people of Juda # Surely the Chaldeans are leaving us The people of Judah think that they will be safe because the Chaldeans had left. Alternate translation: "Surely we are safe because the Chaldeans are leaving us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/37/10.md b/jer/37/10.md index da7e6dbb4c..28d9284d16 100644 --- a/jer/37/10.md +++ b/jer/37/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they would get up "the wounded men would get up" - diff --git a/jer/37/11.md b/jer/37/11.md index 57571f8ea2..72de745045 100644 --- a/jer/37/11.md +++ b/jer/37/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So it was "It came about that." This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/jer/37/12.md b/jer/37/12.md index 8e79a505aa..df493769db 100644 --- a/jer/37/12.md +++ b/jer/37/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # among his people "among his relatives." Jeremiah was from the town of Anathoth in the land of Benjamin ([Jeremiah 1:1](../01/01.md)). - diff --git a/jer/37/13.md b/jer/37/13.md index 258219f17a..5d3d61e237 100644 --- a/jer/37/13.md +++ b/jer/37/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 28:1](../28/01.md). (See: [[ # deserting escaping trouble and leaving people who need help - diff --git a/jer/37/14.md b/jer/37/14.md index 7825aadb0b..157223edf9 100644 --- a/jer/37/14.md +++ b/jer/37/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 37:13](../37/13.md). (See: [ # officials See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:18](../01/18.md). - diff --git a/jer/37/15.md b/jer/37/15.md index effced287d..d4fa437673 100644 --- a/jer/37/15.md +++ b/jer/37/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan the scribe "Jonathan, who was a scribe." This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jer/37/16.md b/jer/37/16.md index a489f0f142..868415438a 100644 --- a/jer/37/16.md +++ b/jer/37/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeremiah was put into a dungeon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the officials put Jeremiah into a room that was under the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/37/17.md b/jer/37/17.md index 9227204acc..80b283bba9 100644 --- a/jer/37/17.md +++ b/jer/37/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the palace of King Zedekiah # You will be given into the hand of the king of Babylon The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 32:4](../32/04.md). Alternate translation: "I will certainly put you under the control of the king of Babylon" or "I will certainly allow the king of Babylon to do whatever he wants with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/37/18.md b/jer/37/18.md index 51feb92a60..645b09070d 100644 --- a/jer/37/18.md +++ b/jer/37/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the people of the kingdom of Judah # have placed "have put" - diff --git a/jer/37/19.md b/jer/37/19.md index dbbd3ab231..3b6dfa510d 100644 --- a/jer/37/19.md +++ b/jer/37/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "your" refers to King Zedekiah and the other people of the kingdom of J # will not come against you or against this land "will not attack you or attack this land" - diff --git a/jer/37/20.md b/jer/37/20.md index 4d2399d6b0..d25c66d5c1 100644 --- a/jer/37/20.md +++ b/jer/37/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the house of Jonathan the scribe "the house of Jonathan, who is a scribe." See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 37:15](../37/15.md). - diff --git a/jer/37/21.md b/jer/37/21.md index d9f1667f88..055ae1f657 100644 --- a/jer/37/21.md +++ b/jer/37/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "His servants also # from the street of the bakers "from the street where the bakers worked" - diff --git a/jer/37/intro.md b/jer/37/intro.md index 63f50dd385..94d9c1b383 100644 --- a/jer/37/intro.md +++ b/jer/37/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Jeremiah 37 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Ironic situation +### Ironic situation Jeremiah was thrown into prison and beaten for prophesying the word of God. Then the king asked him, "Is there any word from Yahweh?" This is a type of irony. The king simply did not agree with God's original word. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wordofgod]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Jeremiah was thrown into prison and beaten for prophesying the word of God. Then * __[Jeremiah 37:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../36/intro.md) | [>>](../38/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/38/01.md b/jer/38/01.md index 79963a1e3a..734205b2db 100644 --- a/jer/38/01.md +++ b/jer/38/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shephatiah ... Mattan, Gedaliah ... Pashhur, Jehukal ... Shelemiah ... Pashhur ... Malkijah men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/02.md b/jer/38/02.md index d68c1e250f..24bcafd3b4 100644 --- a/jer/38/02.md +++ b/jer/38/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Anyone staying in # His life will be his loot The word "loot" here is a metaphor for something taken away from Jerusalem after the Babylonians conquer it. This is ironic because the Babylonians would take physical objects, but although the Judeans who surrendered would not die, they would take no physical objects with them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 21:9](../21/09.md). Alternate translation: "He will escape with his life" or "He will not die, but he will lose all his possessions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/03.md b/jer/38/03.md index 31d01170c2..0fc2a38a0c 100644 --- a/jer/38/03.md +++ b/jer/38/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. T # he will capture it The reader should understand that others will help the king of Babylon capture the city. "his army will capture it" - diff --git a/jer/38/04.md b/jer/38/04.md index 8ec1ecb8f7..785d662aa9 100644 --- a/jer/38/04.md +++ b/jer/38/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Weak hands are a metonym for a person who is afraid. Alternate translation: "he # for this man is not working for safety for this people, but disaster "for Jeremiah is not working to help this people be safe, but he is working for bad things to happen to this people" - diff --git a/jer/38/05.md b/jer/38/05.md index 0c979abe83..106bd303f2 100644 --- a/jer/38/05.md +++ b/jer/38/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he is in your hand The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand has. Alternate translation: "you are able do whatever you want with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/06.md b/jer/38/06.md index a7cf632d43..6e19425214 100644 --- a/jer/38/06.md +++ b/jer/38/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was an open area attached to the king's palace that was surrounded by build # They lowered Jeremiah down on ropes This tells how "they threw him into the cistern." - diff --git a/jer/38/07.md b/jer/38/07.md index 53152b5e5c..26a896d058 100644 --- a/jer/38/07.md +++ b/jer/38/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ King Zedekiah was probably hearing and judging legal cases. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # Benjamin Gate This is an entrance into the city of Jerusalem that people named after Benjamin, Jacob's son. - diff --git a/jer/38/08.md b/jer/38/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/38/08.md +++ b/jer/38/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/38/09.md b/jer/38/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/38/09.md +++ b/jer/38/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/38/10.md b/jer/38/10.md index ce9de4f414..7cdecf7ae4 100644 --- a/jer/38/10.md +++ b/jer/38/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty men "30 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/11.md b/jer/38/11.md index 761215fe23..76172a3f86 100644 --- a/jer/38/11.md +++ b/jer/38/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let them down by ropes "used ropes to lower them down" - diff --git a/jer/38/12.md b/jer/38/12.md index bf3a8742ec..9075d32586 100644 --- a/jer/38/12.md +++ b/jer/38/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # under your arms and on top of the ropes "between your arms and the ropes" - diff --git a/jer/38/13.md b/jer/38/13.md index 4d65eb2abb..f8978fdb82 100644 --- a/jer/38/13.md +++ b/jer/38/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to some of the thirty men who were with Ebed-Melech. # the courtyard of the guard This was an open area attached to the king's palace that was surrounded by buildings and in which they kept prisoners. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 32:2](../32/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/38/14.md b/jer/38/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/38/14.md +++ b/jer/38/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/38/15.md b/jer/38/15.md index 5b85d611f5..9defbb96a2 100644 --- a/jer/38/15.md +++ b/jer/38/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If I answer you, will you not certainly kill me? Jeremiah uses this question to express his belief that the king will kill him if he answers truthfully. Alternate translation: "If I tell you the truth, you will certainly kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/16.md b/jer/38/16.md index 8e82e4606d..8ea3adbe36 100644 --- a/jer/38/16.md +++ b/jer/38/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "hand" refers to the men's control or power. Alternate translation # seeking your life This phrase represents wanting or trying to kill someone. See how this phrase is translated in [Jeremiah 11:21](../11/21.md). Alternate translation: "trying to kill you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/17.md b/jer/38/17.md index 0024cbbe12..4c71bfdea9 100644 --- a/jer/38/17.md +++ b/jer/38/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name of the people group is metonym for the people of that group. Alternate # this city will not be burned This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Babylonian army will not burn this city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/18.md b/jer/38/18.md index ce1df2ec16..b9020accd0 100644 --- a/jer/38/18.md +++ b/jer/38/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. T # you will not escape from their hand The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. Alternate translation: "you will not escape from their power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/19.md b/jer/38/19.md index fb09a6bd93..618438fe74 100644 --- a/jer/38/19.md +++ b/jer/38/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. T # for them to treat me badly Here the word "them" refers to the people of Judah who have deserted. - diff --git a/jer/38/20.md b/jer/38/20.md index 7f675265ee..520b6f22f2 100644 --- a/jer/38/20.md +++ b/jer/38/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will not give you over to them "The Chaldeans will not give you over to the Judeans." Here "you" refers to Zedekiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/21.md b/jer/38/21.md index 03c9a11aea..d99c30a8d0 100644 --- a/jer/38/21.md +++ b/jer/38/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is what Yahweh has shown me Here the word "this" refers to what Jeremiah will say next. - diff --git a/jer/38/22.md b/jer/38/22.md index bfd79df7c9..fa049f0b60 100644 --- a/jer/38/22.md +++ b/jer/38/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an ironic term for people whom the speaker thought were friends but turn # Your feet are now sunk into the mud The king is now helpless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/23.md b/jer/38/23.md index b3496bd64d..1105458fbe 100644 --- a/jer/38/23.md +++ b/jer/38/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. A # You will be captured by the hand of the king of Babylon, and this city will be burned The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. The reader should probably understand that many people will help the king do this. Alternate translation: "The army of the king of Babylon will capture you and will burn the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/24.md b/jer/38/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/38/24.md +++ b/jer/38/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/38/25.md b/jer/38/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/38/25.md +++ b/jer/38/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/38/26.md b/jer/38/26.md index 59417bb93a..3f6f5cc245 100644 --- a/jer/38/26.md +++ b/jer/38/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jonathan See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 37:15](../37/15.md). - diff --git a/jer/38/27.md b/jer/38/27.md index 9405f8819e..f231c92f15 100644 --- a/jer/38/27.md +++ b/jer/38/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the conversation between Jeremiah and the king The abstract noun "conversation" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "what Jeremiah and the king said to each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/28.md b/jer/38/28.md index ba0d6b9b59..f99632ff48 100644 --- a/jer/38/28.md +++ b/jer/38/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was an open area attached to the king's palace that was surrounded by build # until the day Jerusalem was captured This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "until the day that the Babylonian army captured Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/38/intro.md b/jer/38/intro.md index 97eee7c0c8..449b6f9c45 100644 --- a/jer/38/intro.md +++ b/jer/38/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Jeremiah 38 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Surrender and live +### Surrender and live If the king obeyed God and surrendered to the Babylonians, he would be allowed to live and the city would not be burned. But if he refused, he would be captured and the city burned. This took faith that Yahweh was using this ungodly, Gentile nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ If the king obeyed God and surrendered to the Babylonians, he would be allowed t * __[Jeremiah 38:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../37/intro.md) | [>>](../39/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/39/01.md b/jer/39/01.md index 526e3ebd46..8739de25fa 100644 --- a/jer/39/01.md +++ b/jer/39/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is after Zedekiah had been king of Judah for eight years, in the tenth mont # ninth ... tenth See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] - diff --git a/jer/39/02.md b/jer/39/02.md index 6e54effd19..49a1b4b7ab 100644 --- a/jer/39/02.md +++ b/jer/39/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is after Zedekiah had been king of Judah for more than ten years, in the fo # eleventh ... fourth See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] - diff --git a/jer/39/03.md b/jer/39/03.md index 2e9d43080a..58b3bbbe63 100644 --- a/jer/39/03.md +++ b/jer/39/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in the middle gate "in the middle entrance to the city." It was common for leaders to sit at the gate of the city to discuss important matters. - diff --git a/jer/39/04.md b/jer/39/04.md index c92c83effd..5f8a549281 100644 --- a/jer/39/04.md +++ b/jer/39/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They went out at night from the city by the king's garden path "They left the city at night going out on a path in the king's garden" - diff --git a/jer/39/05.md b/jer/39/05.md index dcb6849c07..5ebb9d675b 100644 --- a/jer/39/05.md +++ b/jer/39/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Riblah was a town in the territory of Hamath, which is in Syria. (See: [[rc://en # passed sentence on him "decided how to punish him" - diff --git a/jer/39/06.md b/jer/39/06.md index 36cc8adbad..6e29a468d7 100644 --- a/jer/39/06.md +++ b/jer/39/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # slaughtered Zedekiah's sons before his own eyes The eyes are a synecdoche for the whole person. The reader should also understand that others probably helped the king of Babylon kill Zedekiah's sons. Alternate translation: "forced Zedekiah to watch as the king's soldiers killed Zedekiah's sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/39/07.md b/jer/39/07.md index d5b9f209fa..eb1746a702 100644 --- a/jer/39/07.md +++ b/jer/39/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he put out Zedekiah's eyes "the king's men made Zedekiah blind." Use the common words for making a person blind. It is not clear that the king of Babylon took Zedekiah's eyes out of his head. The reader should also understand that others probably helped the king of Babylon make Zedekiah blind. - diff --git a/jer/39/08.md b/jer/39/08.md index 2add2a2217..a4b144acaa 100644 --- a/jer/39/08.md +++ b/jer/39/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zedekiah's house # the people's houses the houses that had belonged to the people of Jerusalem - diff --git a/jer/39/09.md b/jer/39/09.md index 21d65358cf..604fd8604e 100644 --- a/jer/39/09.md +++ b/jer/39/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the rest of the people who were left in the city This is probably a generalization. Alternate translation: "the people who were still living in the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jer/39/10.md b/jer/39/10.md index 1e437211ba..8ddf2c39fb 100644 --- a/jer/39/10.md +++ b/jer/39/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who had nothing for themselves The word "nothing" is probably an exaggeration. Alternate translation: "who owned nothing of great value" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jer/39/11.md b/jer/39/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/39/11.md +++ b/jer/39/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/39/12.md b/jer/39/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/39/12.md +++ b/jer/39/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/39/13.md b/jer/39/13.md index a2a0f644a6..6ab206e97d 100644 --- a/jer/39/13.md +++ b/jer/39/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # sent men out They sent them out to get Jeremiah. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "sent men out to get Jeremiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/39/14.md b/jer/39/14.md index 12b9390aa0..ad63b891cf 100644 --- a/jer/39/14.md +++ b/jer/39/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was an open area attached to the king's palace that was surrounded by build # among the people You may need to make explicit which people the speaker is speaking of. Alternate translation: "among the people who remained in Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/39/15.md b/jer/39/15.md index 647b0e4e46..84ba644740 100644 --- a/jer/39/15.md +++ b/jer/39/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message fr # the courtyard of the guard This was an open area attached to the king's palace that was surrounded by buildings and in which they kept prisoners. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 32:2](../32/02.md). - diff --git a/jer/39/16.md b/jer/39/16.md index a7e731ed7a..ec106bf933 100644 --- a/jer/39/16.md +++ b/jer/39/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # For they will all come true before you on that day "For you will see it all happen on that day" - diff --git a/jer/39/17.md b/jer/39/17.md index c45ebcf50d..e35b44f646 100644 --- a/jer/39/17.md +++ b/jer/39/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Jeremiah. # you will not be given into the hand of the men whom you fear Here "hand" refers to power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the men you fear will not harm you" or "I will not allow anyone to put you under the control of the people whom you fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/39/18.md b/jer/39/18.md index 0e40542249..5dcbf976e1 100644 --- a/jer/39/18.md +++ b/jer/39/18.md @@ -5,5 +5,3 @@ The sword is a metonym for dying in war. Alternate translation: "No one will kil # Your life will be your loot The word "loot" here is a metaphor for something taken away from Jerusalem after the Babylonians conquer it. This is ironic because the Babylonians would take physical objects, but although the Judeans who surrendered would not die, they would take no physical objects with them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 21:9](../21/09.md). Alternate translation: "You will escape with your life" or "You will not die, but you will lose all your possessions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - - diff --git a/jer/39/intro.md b/jer/39/intro.md index 04894eec1e..08f9327096 100644 --- a/jer/39/intro.md +++ b/jer/39/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Jeremiah 39 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The prophesied destruction of Jerusalem is over and the actual conquering of the Promised Land by Babylon begins in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The prophesied destruction of Jerusalem is over and the actual conquering of the * __[Jeremiah 39:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../38/intro.md) | [>>](../40/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/40/01.md b/jer/40/01.md index 1a00b42c96..1f9325ddcd 100644 --- a/jer/40/01.md +++ b/jer/40/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 39:9](../39/ # who were being carried into exile to Babylon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the soldiers were about to take to Babylon as exiles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/40/02.md b/jer/40/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/40/02.md +++ b/jer/40/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/40/03.md b/jer/40/03.md index 4700cf3362..31c44c1fce 100644 --- a/jer/40/03.md +++ b/jer/40/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this thing "this disaster" - diff --git a/jer/40/04.md b/jer/40/04.md index 986ca33b90..0d620666b6 100644 --- a/jer/40/04.md +++ b/jer/40/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nebuzaradan says this to bring Jeremiah's attention to the present moment. # it is good in your eyes "Eyes" here is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate translation: "it is what you consider to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/40/05.md b/jer/40/05.md index 1854b39fbb..b9a3f18ecc 100644 --- a/jer/40/05.md +++ b/jer/40/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 39:14](../3 # it is good in your eyes "Eyes" here is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate translation: "it is what you consider to be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/40/06.md b/jer/40/06.md index 9162fa4f66..ffc20b4f19 100644 --- a/jer/40/06.md +++ b/jer/40/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who were left behind in the land "who stayed in Judah" - diff --git a/jer/40/07.md b/jer/40/07.md index f0a8e12788..77e171ac55 100644 --- a/jer/40/07.md +++ b/jer/40/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This marks a new part of the story. # those who had not been exiled to Babylon This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom the enemy soldiers had not sent to Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/40/08.md b/jer/40/08.md index f1d89c995e..55e4517679 100644 --- a/jer/40/08.md +++ b/jer/40/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Netophathite ... Maakathite people from the regions of Netophah and Maakah - diff --git a/jer/40/09.md b/jer/40/09.md index eee52e1878..585659f0b0 100644 --- a/jer/40/09.md +++ b/jer/40/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # took an oath to them "swore to the Judean commanders" - diff --git a/jer/40/10.md b/jer/40/10.md index 344ae996d6..f07c1cedf3 100644 --- a/jer/40/10.md +++ b/jer/40/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # you have occupied "you have taken over." "Occupy" here is a military term. Gedaliah was talking to soldiers ([Jeremiah 40:7](../40/07.md)) who may have conquered or otherwise taken control of cities. - diff --git a/jer/40/11.md b/jer/40/11.md index 74c11672b9..de48319c59 100644 --- a/jer/40/11.md +++ b/jer/40/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 39:14](../39/14.md). # over them "over the people of Judah" - diff --git a/jer/40/12.md b/jer/40/12.md index f68fbdd879..85f813fc2c 100644 --- a/jer/40/12.md +++ b/jer/40/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "where the Babylon # summer fruit "fruit that becomes ripe during the summer." See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 40:10](../40/10.md). - diff --git a/jer/40/13.md b/jer/40/13.md index e7e04128a7..4c6a64c5c3 100644 --- a/jer/40/13.md +++ b/jer/40/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these names in [Jeremiah 40:8](../40/08.md). (See: [[rc:/ # Gedaliah See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 39:14](../39/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/40/14.md b/jer/40/14.md index f5943b1e34..4bf97ccdb1 100644 --- a/jer/40/14.md +++ b/jer/40/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate these names as in [Jeremiah 40:8](../40/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # Ahikim See how you translated this name in [Jeremiah 26:24](../26/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/40/15.md b/jer/40/15.md index c054d5af01..697b491e02 100644 --- a/jer/40/15.md +++ b/jer/40/15.md @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "allow the Chaldea # remnant of Judah "remnant of the people of Judah." See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 40:11](../40/11.md). - diff --git a/jer/40/16.md b/jer/40/16.md index c8b8e56b2e..e18383a939 100644 --- a/jer/40/16.md +++ b/jer/40/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahikam See how you translated this name in [Jeremiah 26:24](../26/24.md). - diff --git a/jer/40/intro.md b/jer/40/intro.md index 24ac4265f5..cd37a8fe8c 100644 --- a/jer/40/intro.md +++ b/jer/40/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Jeremiah 40 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Peace in Judah +### Peace in Judah After Babylon conquered Jerusalem, this chapter reveals an unfolding peace in the area. Ammon, who was supposed to be Judah's ally against Babylon, probably sought to distract Babylon from attacking them by ruining the peace in the region of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ After Babylon conquered Jerusalem, this chapter reveals an unfolding peace in th * __[Jeremiah 40:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../39/intro.md) | [>>](../41/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/41/01.md b/jer/41/01.md index 937c6222ec..1500ce1ec5 100644 --- a/jer/41/01.md +++ b/jer/41/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [Jeremiah 40:8](../40/08.md). (See: # Elishama This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/02.md b/jer/41/02.md index f4b89d95d0..07365e2efa 100644 --- a/jer/41/02.md +++ b/jer/41/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [Jeremiah 39:14](../39/14.md). (See: # in charge of the land Here "land" represents the people. Alternate translation: "in charge of the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/03.md b/jer/41/03.md index 14c4e09c22..784baf1c9a 100644 --- a/jer/41/03.md +++ b/jer/41/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Ishmael" represents himself and the ten men with him. Alternate translatio # the Chaldean fighting men found there This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "also the Chaldean soldiers there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/04.md b/jer/41/04.md index 38e93c858a..6b6d1b7365 100644 --- a/jer/41/04.md +++ b/jer/41/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the second day after The word "second" is the ordinal form of the number 2. Possible meanings are 1) "the day after" or 2) "two days after" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/05.md b/jer/41/05.md index 8c16a42ca8..fcbdfd5c41 100644 --- a/jer/41/05.md +++ b/jer/41/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Having things in the hands here is probably a metaphor for carrying those things # to go to the house of Yahweh "to go worship Yahweh at his temple" - diff --git a/jer/41/06.md b/jer/41/06.md index dcd8a7af06..076cfd3fb5 100644 --- a/jer/41/06.md +++ b/jer/41/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Then it happened This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/jer/41/07.md b/jer/41/07.md index 8ac35572e4..1a08283ae3 100644 --- a/jer/41/07.md +++ b/jer/41/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # Ishmael son of Nethaniah slaughtered them and threw them into a pit, he and the men who were with him It is stated it in [Jeremiah 41:8](../41/08.md) that Ishmael and his men did not kill all 80 men. You can state here that they killed most of the 80 men. Alternate translation: "Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and the men who were with him, killed most of the 80 men and threw them into a pit" - diff --git a/jer/41/08.md b/jer/41/08.md index 29fe9ebf72..f37f7a7979 100644 --- a/jer/41/08.md +++ b/jer/41/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that they would give their provisions to Ishmael and his men. Alte # provisions supplies to be used to provide for future needs - diff --git a/jer/41/09.md b/jer/41/09.md index fa004413d5..6ff0ebf6d1 100644 --- a/jer/41/09.md +++ b/jer/41/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here Ishmael represents himself and all of his men. Alternate translation: "Ishm # with the dead This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "with those who were dead" or "with those they had killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/10.md b/jer/41/10.md index c6aeea1f82..e4eb0741da 100644 --- a/jer/41/10.md +++ b/jer/41/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 39:9](../39/09.md). (See: [[ # went to cross over to the people of Ammon "traveled towards the land of the Ammonites" - diff --git a/jer/41/11.md b/jer/41/11.md index d46f34ceef..1e7ebd03b2 100644 --- a/jer/41/11.md +++ b/jer/41/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ishmael son of Nethaniah Here "Ishmael" represents himself and all of his men. Alternate translation: "Ishmael and his men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/12.md b/jer/41/12.md index 276b5ede01..eef5ad13a2 100644 --- a/jer/41/12.md +++ b/jer/41/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ishmael son of Nethaniah ... found him Here "Ishmael" represents himself and all of his men. Alternate translation: "Ishmael and his men ... found them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/13.md b/jer/41/13.md index 019b3c0c28..92ad3e6ec7 100644 --- a/jer/41/13.md +++ b/jer/41/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # when all the people who were with Ishmael Here "people" refers to those whom Ishmael and his men had captured. - diff --git a/jer/41/14.md b/jer/41/14.md index 8e9776b3b4..1a4b0bfc73 100644 --- a/jer/41/14.md +++ b/jer/41/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whom Ishmael had captured Here "Ishmael" represents himself and all of his men. Alternate translation: "whom Ishmael and his men had captured" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/15.md b/jer/41/15.md index 994dbbb086..ea30ec7ced 100644 --- a/jer/41/15.md +++ b/jer/41/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He went to the people of Ammon "He" refers to Ishmael who represents himself and the eight men with him. Alternate translation: "They went to the people of Ammon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/16.md b/jer/41/16.md index 59a33bcb3f..10496f9562 100644 --- a/jer/41/16.md +++ b/jer/41/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These both refer to soldiers. Alternate translation: "the soldiers" # who had been rescued at Gibeon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom they had rescued at Gibeon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/17.md b/jer/41/17.md index b651ef1312..0fd487ba02 100644 --- a/jer/41/17.md +++ b/jer/41/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Geruth Kimham This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/18.md b/jer/41/18.md index 881fab6fe0..fc385943f0 100644 --- a/jer/41/18.md +++ b/jer/41/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that they were afraid that the Chaldeans would attack them. Altern # in charge of the land Here "land" represents the people. Alternate translation: "in charge of the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/41/intro.md b/jer/41/intro.md index d79fd0e565..2f173bec26 100644 --- a/jer/41/intro.md +++ b/jer/41/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Jeremiah 41 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Life in Judah -#### Life in Judah This chapter explains what life was like in Judah after the Babylonian conquest. It was a difficult and dangerous time, but some of the faithful remained in the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter explains what life was like in Judah after the Babylonian conquest. * __[Jeremiah 41:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../40/intro.md) | [>>](../42/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/42/01.md b/jer/42/01.md index 9802b4fb1e..a8ce90cfcd 100644 --- a/jer/42/01.md +++ b/jer/42/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a way to refer to people from every social status. Here "least" and "gre # all the people Most likely not every individual in the town went. The word "all" is a generalization that means very many people went. Alternate translation: "many other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/02.md b/jer/42/02.md index d78599ff5a..4559bba745 100644 --- a/jer/42/02.md +++ b/jer/42/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let our plea for favor come before you "Let us present our urgent request to you." The abstract noun "pleas" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Listen as we plead with you for your favor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/03.md b/jer/42/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/42/03.md +++ b/jer/42/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/42/04.md b/jer/42/04.md index ed9ba1cfd4..17f74c1e60 100644 --- a/jer/42/04.md +++ b/jer/42/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will keep nothing back from you The phrase "keep nothing back from you" is an idiom that means to tell someone everything. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I will tell you everything the Lord tells me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/05.md b/jer/42/05.md index 8fb14522ae..36ab36abf9 100644 --- a/jer/42/05.md +++ b/jer/42/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a way of beginning an oath. Alternate translation: "We ask Yahweh to be" # true and faithful Here these words share similar meanings. They describe Yahweh as a witness whom no one will be able to contradict. Alternate translation: "trustworthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/06.md b/jer/42/06.md index 2eec130fcd..48e9f0971c 100644 --- a/jer/42/06.md +++ b/jer/42/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people mention both extremes to emphasize that they will obey no matter what # the voice of Yahweh our God Here "voice" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: "what Yahweh our God says" or "we will obey Yahweh our God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/07.md b/jer/42/07.md index f434e1742b..2ccbd62970 100644 --- a/jer/42/07.md +++ b/jer/42/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to Jeremiah This idiom is used to announce that God gave messages to Jeremiah. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:2](../01/02.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave messages to Jeremiah" or "Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/08.md b/jer/42/08.md index b0c01d018f..e63f24a01a 100644 --- a/jer/42/08.md +++ b/jer/42/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a way to refer to people from every social status. Here "least" and "gre # to all the people Most likely not every individual in the town went. The word "all" is a generalization that means very many people went. Alternate translation: "to many other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/09.md b/jer/42/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/42/09.md +++ b/jer/42/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/42/10.md b/jer/42/10.md index b6396f9d20..ab40e04807 100644 --- a/jer/42/10.md +++ b/jer/42/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses another example to express how he will cause the people of Israel to # I will relent concerning the disaster that I have brought on you A disaster is here spoken of as something that a person can put onto someone else. Alternate translation: "I have changed my mind about the disaster that I have caused to happen to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/11.md b/jer/42/11.md index 98baacd21c..f7ee35274f 100644 --- a/jer/42/11.md +++ b/jer/42/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "save" and "rescue" mean the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh will # rescue you from his hand Here the word "hand" refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: "rescue you from his power" or "rescue you from him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/12.md b/jer/42/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/42/12.md +++ b/jer/42/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/42/13.md b/jer/42/13.md index 1f32e3e78b..5cc9ca3923 100644 --- a/jer/42/13.md +++ b/jer/42/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if you do not listen to my voice, the voice of Yahweh your God Here "voice" represents a command. To not obey is like the people did not hear Yahweh's command. Alternate translation: "if you do not obey my commands, even though I am Yahweh, your God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/14.md b/jer/42/14.md index 3ee6326768..6231f70679 100644 --- a/jer/42/14.md +++ b/jer/42/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these phrases describe being at war by the ability to see or hear it. Al # we will not go hungry for food Being hungry for food is used to describe famine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/15.md b/jer/42/15.md index 8599799a79..a467e77c3c 100644 --- a/jer/42/15.md +++ b/jer/42/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # set out to go to "depart for" or "leave for" - diff --git a/jer/42/16.md b/jer/42/16.md index 452922b2c0..9848e0c509 100644 --- a/jer/42/16.md +++ b/jer/42/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the sword" represents war. The Israelites experiencing war even if they go # The famine that you are anxious about will pursue you to Egypt The Israelites experiencing famine even in Egypt is spoken of as if famine would chase after them. Alternate translation: "You worry about famine in Israel but if you go to Egypt you will suffer from famine there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/17.md b/jer/42/17.md index 99b43d53bb..1fe188bdb6 100644 --- a/jer/42/17.md +++ b/jer/42/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The men are used to refer to all the people because they are the leaders in thei # the disaster that I will bring on them Causing a disaster is spoken of as if disaster were an object that is brought to a person. Alternate translation: "the disaster that I will cause to happen to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/18.md b/jer/42/18.md index 774d9a42af..725c09b1ee 100644 --- a/jer/42/18.md +++ b/jer/42/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh punishing people because he is very angry is spoken of as if fury were a # You will become an object of cursing and a horror, an object for speaking curses, and something dishonorable All of these statements mean basically the same thing and emphasize how badly the nations will treat the people of Judah after Yahweh punishes them. Alternate translation: "People will be terrified when they see what has happened to you. They will curse and mock you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/19.md b/jer/42/19.md index 9b25b88622..6219054ab3 100644 --- a/jer/42/19.md +++ b/jer/42/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have been a witness against you The phrase "been a witness against" is an idiom that means to give a warning. Alternate translation: "I have warned you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/20.md b/jer/42/20.md index 2903d77f3f..dde1d33910 100644 --- a/jer/42/20.md +++ b/jer/42/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we will carry it out This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "we will do it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/21.md b/jer/42/21.md index fc32a35fd8..4d5437cb0b 100644 --- a/jer/42/21.md +++ b/jer/42/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to the voice of Yahweh your God Here "voice" represents what Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: "to what Yahweh your God commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/22.md b/jer/42/22.md index 86cc184004..d60c8e1d17 100644 --- a/jer/42/22.md +++ b/jer/42/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "sword" represents war. Alternate translation: "you will die in warfare" (S # in the place where you desired to go to live They desired to live in Egypt. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "in Egypt, where you thought you would be safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/42/intro.md b/jer/42/intro.md index 33b63ab410..24129ddec4 100644 --- a/jer/42/intro.md +++ b/jer/42/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Jeremiah 42 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Life in Babylon -#### Life in Babylon The remaining army commanders, who scattered after the Babylonian victory, asked Jeremiah to ask Yahweh about where they should go. Yahweh encouraged them to go to Babylon because they would soon return to the Promised Land. They would be punished if they went to Egypt or anywhere else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The remaining army commanders, who scattered after the Babylonian victory, asked * __[Jeremiah 42:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../41/intro.md) | [>>](../43/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/43/01.md b/jer/43/01.md index 8010675dd2..2ff8311a69 100644 --- a/jer/43/01.md +++ b/jer/43/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It happened that This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/jer/43/02.md b/jer/43/02.md index d91958f2e5..8835b82fc6 100644 --- a/jer/43/02.md +++ b/jer/43/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 42:1](../42/01.md). (See: [[ # Johanan ... Kareah See how you translated these men's names in [Jeremiah 40:13](../40/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/03.md b/jer/43/03.md index 30ec501048..d0265c87af 100644 --- a/jer/43/03.md +++ b/jer/43/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "to give us over # for you to cause our death and to make us captives in Babylon The abstract noun "death" can be stated as "to kill." Alternate translation: "for you to cause the Chaldeans to either kill us or to take us as captives to Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/04.md b/jer/43/04.md index f41972ac73..fd9a575011 100644 --- a/jer/43/04.md +++ b/jer/43/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This probably did not include every individual there. The word "all" is a genera # refused to listen to Yahweh's voice Here "voice" represents commands. And here "to listen" means "to obey." Alternate translation: "would not obey Yahweh's command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/05.md b/jer/43/05.md index ebe87005ec..bf715298d7 100644 --- a/jer/43/05.md +++ b/jer/43/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where they had been scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "where Yahweh had scattered them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/06.md b/jer/43/06.md index 3582723986..834001815d 100644 --- a/jer/43/06.md +++ b/jer/43/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 39:9](../39/09.md). (See: [[ # Gedaliah ... Ahikam ... Shaphan See how you translated these men's names in [Jeremiah 39:14](../39/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/07.md b/jer/43/07.md index 97465e1407..87110bf647 100644 --- a/jer/43/07.md +++ b/jer/43/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tahpanhes See how you translated the name of this city in [Jeremiah 2:16](../02/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/08.md b/jer/43/08.md index 8fec490e52..4da9171b5e 100644 --- a/jer/43/08.md +++ b/jer/43/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to Jeremiah in Tahpanhes, saying, The idiom "the word of Yahweh came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Jeremiah in Tahpanhes. He said," or "Yahweh spoke this message to Jeremiah in Tahpanehs:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/09.md b/jer/43/09.md index 6e732d84fc..7d83660205 100644 --- a/jer/43/09.md +++ b/jer/43/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a substance used to hold bricks together # to Pharaoh's house "to Pharaoh's royal building" - diff --git a/jer/43/10.md b/jer/43/10.md index afd996879b..858d1f6d13 100644 --- a/jer/43/10.md +++ b/jer/43/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both the king's "throne" and "pavilion" are used to refer to his royal authority # pavilion a very large tent - diff --git a/jer/43/11.md b/jer/43/11.md index de6b7c5d30..9976159b8a 100644 --- a/jer/43/11.md +++ b/jer/43/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Babylonians will # Anyone who is assigned to the sword will be given to the sword Here "sword" represents battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Everyone will die in battle whom I have decided will die in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/12.md b/jer/43/12.md index d27e7efce5..ad20f4988d 100644 --- a/jer/43/12.md +++ b/jer/43/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Nebuchadnezzar represents his army. Alternate translation: "Nebuchadnezzar' # He will clean out the land of Egypt just as shepherds clean vermin off their clothes Taking or destroying everything in Egypt is compared to how a shepherd carefully cleans off his clothes. Alternate translation: "He will take or destroy everything valuable in Egypt just as a shepherd is careful to get every insect off of his clothes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/13.md b/jer/43/13.md index 952226f827..1c7a322047 100644 --- a/jer/43/13.md +++ b/jer/43/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Heliopolis This is the name of a city. The name means "city of the sun." In this city was a temple where they worshiped a sun god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/43/intro.md b/jer/43/intro.md index d3e41c1189..0e82e4c3e7 100644 --- a/jer/43/intro.md +++ b/jer/43/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Jeremiah 43 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### They did not believe Jeremiah -#### They did not believe Jeremiah After Jeremiah prophesied the destruction of Judah, the people did not believe him. Judah was conquered and destroyed. Even after this, the people did not believe they would be safe in Babylon as Jeremiah prophesied. This is shocking. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### Babylon invades Egypt -Babylon is described as invading part of Egypt. This would have been unthinkable for the people. It would have gotten their attention. +### Babylon invades Egypt -### Other possible translation issues in this chapter +Babylon is described as invading part of Egypt. This would have been unthinkable for the people. It would have gotten their attention. + +## Other possible translation issues in this chapter + +### Symbolic actions -#### Symbolic actions Jeremiah's burial of the stones was intended to be a symbolic action for the people. This was supposed to teach the people a lesson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ Jeremiah's burial of the stones was intended to be a symbolic action for the peo * __[Jeremiah 43:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../42/intro.md) | [>>](../44/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/44/01.md b/jer/44/01.md index ae7ca665dd..82e8427a6a 100644 --- a/jer/44/01.md +++ b/jer/44/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the names of these cities as you did in [Jeremiah 2:16](../02/16.md). # in Upper Egypt This refers to the southern region of Egypt. It is sometime called "Pathros." - diff --git a/jer/44/02.md b/jer/44/02.md index 2dda1c3433..a8b165c0d3 100644 --- a/jer/44/02.md +++ b/jer/44/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Causing disasters is spoken of as if disasters were an object that can be put on # See "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you." - diff --git a/jer/44/03.md b/jer/44/03.md index 5c33c31686..f677192942 100644 --- a/jer/44/03.md +++ b/jer/44/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they themselves The word "themselves" is used for emphasis to specify the people of Jerusalem and the other cities of Judah. Alternate translation: "the people from the ruined cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/04.md b/jer/44/04.md index c8a6c29819..33c72af631 100644 --- a/jer/44/04.md +++ b/jer/44/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So I repeatedly sent The word "I" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/jer/44/05.md b/jer/44/05.md index e1f0abcfb3..6164c8fa15 100644 --- a/jer/44/05.md +++ b/jer/44/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # or turn from their wickedness in burning incense to other gods To stop doing something is spoken of as if it were physically turning away from something. Alternate translation: "or to stop behaving wickedly by burning incense to other gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/06.md b/jer/44/06.md index 3dd4ff2acc..b5396dfa96 100644 --- a/jer/44/06.md +++ b/jer/44/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "ruins" and "devastations" mean basically the same thing. Together the # as at this present day This refers to the current time at which Yahweh was speaking this message. - diff --git a/jer/44/07.md b/jer/44/07.md index d00379e662..6394bbb7f5 100644 --- a/jer/44/07.md +++ b/jer/44/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "wickedness" can be stated as "wicked." Alternate translation: # Why are you causing yourselves to be cut off from among Judah ... and babies? Being separated from the people of Judah is spoken of as if the people are cut off from Judah the way a person may cut off a branch from a vine or cut off a piece of cloth. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Why are you causing me to remove you from the people of Judah ... and babies?" or "You are causing me to remove you from the people of Judah ... and babies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/08.md b/jer/44/08.md index 7bc3ab5ade..9056b021f2 100644 --- a/jer/44/08.md +++ b/jer/44/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will cause me to # you will be a curse and a taunt among all the nations of the earth Here "nations" represent the people. Alternate translation: "all the people of all the nations of the earth will curse you and hate you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/09.md b/jer/44/09.md index 99436841d6..0456bf8924 100644 --- a/jer/44/09.md +++ b/jer/44/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh rebukes the people for not thinking about their own wicked behavior and h # the streets of Jerusalem Jerusalem is referred to by the part of the city where people walk. This means the people did evil things in public places. Alternate translation: "Jerusalem" or "the public places of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/10.md b/jer/44/10.md index 7e0d9e3ab2..772b2df626 100644 --- a/jer/44/10.md +++ b/jer/44/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # nor do they walk in them Obeying the laws is spoken of as if it were walking in the laws. Alternate translation: "nor do they obey them" or "nor do you obey them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/11.md b/jer/44/11.md index 26fddd1e4f..2b5efe2670 100644 --- a/jer/44/11.md +++ b/jer/44/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom means he "firmly decided." See how you translated a similar phrase in # to bring disaster to you Causing disaster to happen is spoken of as if disaster were an object that can be brought to someone. Alternate translation: "to cause disaster to happen to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/12.md b/jer/44/12.md index f32954eef0..568d4a5977 100644 --- a/jer/44/12.md +++ b/jer/44/12.md @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ Here "fall" means to die. And "sword" represents the enemies carrying weapons. A This is a way to refer to people from every social status. Here "least" and "greatest" represent those who are least important and those who are most important. Alternate translation: "all the people from every social status" or "all the people, including the least important and the most important people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) -# will die and will become a curse, an object of horror—a curse and an insult. +# will die and will become a curse, an object of horror—a curse and an insult. "people will be horrified because of what happened to the people of Judah, and people will mock and curse them" - diff --git a/jer/44/13.md b/jer/44/13.md index 2f55bea0e3..8170ab19c4 100644 --- a/jer/44/13.md +++ b/jer/44/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Jerusalem" represents the people. Alternate translation: "I punished the p # with the sword, with famine, and with the plague Here "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate translation: "by causing enemies to kill some of them, others to starve to death, and others to die because of disease" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/14.md b/jer/44/14.md index 647971853d..c2d8a4706b 100644 --- a/jer/44/14.md +++ b/jer/44/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # none of them will return except a few who escaped from there This double negative emphasizes that the few people who escaped from there would be the only ones who will return. Alternate translation: "the only ones of them who will return are the few who escaped from there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/15.md b/jer/44/15.md index b36e93ced6..eb3ecc7d5c 100644 --- a/jer/44/15.md +++ b/jer/44/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Upper Egypt This refers to the southern region of Egypt. It is sometime called "Pathros." - diff --git a/jer/44/16.md b/jer/44/16.md index c57f51c9c1..b78330244c 100644 --- a/jer/44/16.md +++ b/jer/44/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # About the word that you have told us in Yahweh's name—we will not listen to you Here "in Yahweh's name" means "in Yahweh's authority" or "as Yahweh's representative." Alternate translation: "We will not obey this message that you say Yahweh told you to tell us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/17.md b/jer/44/17.md index 0634615dd3..7e89e89acc 100644 --- a/jer/44/17.md +++ b/jer/44/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people of Judah thought they would prosper because the queen of heaven would # Then we will be filled with food This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then we will have plenty of food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/18.md b/jer/44/18.md index 5eab9fdf55..7bd19c7fee 100644 --- a/jer/44/18.md +++ b/jer/44/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The remnant of the people living in Egypt continue to speak. Beginning in 44:19, # were dying by sword and famine Here "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate translation: "enemy soldiers were killing some of us and some of us were dying of hunger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/19.md b/jer/44/19.md index ec77a1d9ad..563587b7ea 100644 --- a/jer/44/19.md +++ b/jer/44/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The women were claiming to be innocent because their husband approved of what th # cakes in her image These were probably small cakes shaped like stars or the crescent moon. - diff --git a/jer/44/20.md b/jer/44/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/44/20.md +++ b/jer/44/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/44/21.md b/jer/44/21.md index 1d8e88d883..bbb9a34aa5 100644 --- a/jer/44/21.md +++ b/jer/44/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah uses a question to scold the people. Alternate translation: "Yahweh cer # For Yahweh calls this to mind; it comes to his thoughts Both of these phrases mean the same thing. They emphasize that Yahweh knows that the people were worshiping false gods. Alternate translation: "Yes, Yahweh knows what you were doing, and he does not forget" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/22.md b/jer/44/22.md index 4932a490ab..50d6d45d38 100644 --- a/jer/44/22.md +++ b/jer/44/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "abominations" can be stated as "things he hated." Alternate t # Then your land became a desolation, a horror, and a curse so there was no longer an inhabitant as at this present day This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "a desolation," "a horror," and "a curse." Alternate translation: "Then Yahweh caused it so that no one lives in the land. He made it a desolate and horrifying place. People use its name to curse others. And this is how it is even to this day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/23.md b/jer/44/23.md index b60fd052c2..deb10c7602 100644 --- a/jer/44/23.md +++ b/jer/44/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Why people burn incense can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "burned in # you would not listen to his voice Here "voice" refers to Yahweh's commands. Alternate translation: "you would not obey his commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/24.md b/jer/44/24.md index 9597899a88..7f1a4b64fc 100644 --- a/jer/44/24.md +++ b/jer/44/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all of Judah Here "Judah" represents the people. Alternate translation: "all the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/25.md b/jer/44/25.md index 90bf4b3e7d..98367316b4 100644 --- a/jer/44/25.md +++ b/jer/44/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an ironic statement. Yahweh does not really want them to fulfill their v # Now The word "now" does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. - diff --git a/jer/44/26.md b/jer/44/26.md index ec633287ea..344a1b4aa4 100644 --- a/jer/44/26.md +++ b/jer/44/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" represents the whole being of Yahweh. And, "mouth" represents the wh # As the Lord Yahweh lives "as surely as the Lord Yahweh is alive." The people use this expression to show that what they say next is certainly true. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you transited "As Yahweh lives" [Jeremiah 4:2](../04/02.md). Alternate translation: "I solemnly swear" or "I solemnly swear by the Lord Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/27.md b/jer/44/27.md index 2071f2b242..b20015efeb 100644 --- a/jer/44/27.md +++ b/jer/44/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Every person of Judah in the land of Egypt will perish by sword and famine until they are all finished Here "Every person" is a generalization that means "very many people." Also, "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate translation: "Nearly every person of Judah in the land of Egypt will die. Enemies will kill many of them and many of them will starve to death until there is very few of them left" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/28.md b/jer/44/28.md index 321e401eb6..064d9f4053 100644 --- a/jer/44/28.md +++ b/jer/44/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then the survivors of the sword Here "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate translation: "Then those whom the enemies do not kill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/29.md b/jer/44/29.md index 4a69dcd058..d8ac7dfcd8 100644 --- a/jer/44/29.md +++ b/jer/44/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I am opposed to you" (See: [[rc://en/t # my words will certainly attack you with disaster Yahweh causing disaster on the people as he promised is spoken of as if his word would attack them. Alternate translation: "what I have said will happen and you will have a disaster" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/30.md b/jer/44/30.md index 6fd641fdb1..1302a5c4c3 100644 --- a/jer/44/30.md +++ b/jer/44/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # when I gave Zedekiah king of Judah into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, his enemy who sought his life Here "hand" represents power or control. And, Nebuchadnezzar represents his whole army. The phrase "sought his life" is an idiom that means to want to kill someone. Alternate translation: "when I allowed the army of Nebuchadnezzar to defeat Zedekiah king of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/44/intro.md b/jer/44/intro.md index 08d582413c..607cecd954 100644 --- a/jer/44/intro.md +++ b/jer/44/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Jeremiah 44 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idiom +### Idiom -The people called Ashtoreth the goddess of the Canaanites, "the queen of heaven." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) +The people called Ashtoreth the goddess of the Canaanites, "the queen of heaven." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: * __[Jeremiah 44:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../43/intro.md) | [>>](../45/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/45/01.md b/jer/45/01.md index d265281c78..0484af4929 100644 --- a/jer/45/01.md +++ b/jer/45/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "fourth" is the ordinal form of the number four. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # He said "Jeremiah said to Baruch" - diff --git a/jer/45/02.md b/jer/45/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/45/02.md +++ b/jer/45/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/45/03.md b/jer/45/03.md index ed8c7834cc..7305898923 100644 --- a/jer/45/03.md +++ b/jer/45/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # My groaning has wearied me The abstract noun "groaning" can be stated as "cry." Alternate translation: "I am tired because I cry so much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/45/04.md b/jer/45/04.md index 3a11ffbb28..3496528e95 100644 --- a/jer/45/04.md +++ b/jer/45/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is what you must say to him Yahweh is telling Jeremiah what to say to Baruch. - diff --git a/jer/45/05.md b/jer/45/05.md index 8fb152bccc..3cf8f465cf 100644 --- a/jer/45/05.md +++ b/jer/45/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Allowing Baruch to escape and remain alive is spoken of as if his life were plun # loot things stolen from a place by force - diff --git a/jer/45/intro.md b/jer/45/intro.md index f9537251fa..d36f7a8d72 100644 --- a/jer/45/intro.md +++ b/jer/45/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Jeremiah 45 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter forms a break in the narrative sequence. It records prophecies that have already occurred. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter forms a break in the narrative sequence. It records prophecies that * __[Jeremiah 45:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../44/intro.md) | [>>](../46/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/46/01.md b/jer/46/01.md index db785d1f7f..9abda2d289 100644 --- a/jer/46/01.md +++ b/jer/46/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah often wrote prophecy in the form of poetry. Hebrew poetry uses differen # This is the word of Yahweh that came to Jeremiah This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 14:1](../14/01.md), and make any changes as needed. Alternate translation: "This is the message that Yahweh gave to Jeremiah" or "This is the message that Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/02.md b/jer/46/02.md index 8dcf5c423e..5bba4fed22 100644 --- a/jer/46/02.md +++ b/jer/46/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the fourth year of Jehoiakim's reign. This can be stated clearly. # the fourth year The word "fourth" is the ordinal form of "four." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/03.md b/jer/46/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/46/03.md +++ b/jer/46/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/46/04.md b/jer/46/04.md index e3b46c4ffb..99a69a2d27 100644 --- a/jer/46/04.md +++ b/jer/46/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A helmet is armor which protects the head in battle. # polish the spears This phrase means to "sharpen" the spear. - diff --git a/jer/46/05.md b/jer/46/05.md index 279863af8d..1c150111ac 100644 --- a/jer/46/05.md +++ b/jer/46/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "I" here refer to Yahweh. Yahweh uses a question to introduce the visio # their soldiers have been completely destroyed The phrase "completely destroyed" is an exaggeration for complete defeat. This may be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the enemy has completely destroyed their soldiers" or "the enemy has killed all their soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/06.md b/jer/46/06.md index 3d59538e0d..633d7c43db 100644 --- a/jer/46/06.md +++ b/jer/46/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that no one, not even the # They stumble in the north and fall beside the Euphrates River Both statements mean the same thing. Being and dying in battle is spoken of as if the soldiers stumble and fall. Alternate translation: "The Egyptian soldiers suffer defeat and die in the north by the Euphrates River" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/07.md b/jer/46/07.md index 4097df6544..f8752023e8 100644 --- a/jer/46/07.md +++ b/jer/46/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah continues quoting Yahweh's declaration to the nation of Egypt. # Who is this who rises like the Nile ... the rivers? Yahweh uses a question to draw attention to what he is about to say concerning Egypt. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Look at who rises like the Nile ... the rivers." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/08.md b/jer/46/08.md index a7015c94c9..8d2b9faf75 100644 --- a/jer/46/08.md +++ b/jer/46/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Nile river floods its banks once a year, covering the surrounding area with # Egypt rises ... Egypt says ... I will Here "Egypt" represents all the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: "The Egyptians rise ... The Egyptians say ... We will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/09.md b/jer/46/09.md index aac9736d1e..062bcdbbbb 100644 --- a/jer/46/09.md +++ b/jer/46/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of the people group from the nation of Lydia. (See: [[rc://en/t # skillful at bending their bows The phrase "bend the bow" means to pull the string of the bow back with an arrow in order to shoot the arrow. Alternate translation: "skillful at shooting arrows from their bows" or "skillful with the bow and arrow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/10.md b/jer/46/10.md index 2dd23b58a2..23d24b751a 100644 --- a/jer/46/10.md +++ b/jer/46/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh punishing and killing his enemies is spoken of as if he would use a sword # For there will be a sacrifice Yahweh avenging himself by causing the Egyptians to lose in battle against the Babylonians is spoken of as if the Egyptian army would be a sacrifice to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "For the Egyptians will be like a sacrifice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/11.md b/jer/46/11.md index 3daca889bd..6c219b7f0f 100644 --- a/jer/46/11.md +++ b/jer/46/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Gilead was a region famous for having people skillful with medicine. Yahweh is m # virgin daughter of Egypt The people of Egypt are spoken of as if they were the virgin daughter of Egypt. Alternate translation: "people of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/12.md b/jer/46/12.md index 2f5cf0684f..e5d5e69a6f 100644 --- a/jer/46/12.md +++ b/jer/46/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "earth" is a metonym for the people of the earth and a generalization for t # for soldier stumbles against soldier; both of them fall together Soldiers dying in battle is spoken of as if they were stumbling and falling down. Alternate translation: "for your soldiers die in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/13.md b/jer/46/13.md index ac7a439242..2a25ddd91e 100644 --- a/jer/46/13.md +++ b/jer/46/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Nebuchadnezzar represents his army. Alternate translation: "when the army o # the land of Egypt Here "land" represents the people. Alternate translation: "the people of Egypt" or "the Egyptians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/14.md b/jer/46/14.md index 0ed43062f5..05b5191746 100644 --- a/jer/46/14.md +++ b/jer/46/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate the names of these cities as you did in [Jeremiah 2:16](../02/16.md). # the sword will devour those around you The word "sword" here represents soldiers carrying weapons. The enemy soliders killing people is spoken of as if their swords were devouring people. Alternate translation: "your enemies will kill people all around you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/15.md b/jer/46/15.md index 41385ccd45..dbfd909c6a 100644 --- a/jer/46/15.md +++ b/jer/46/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some Bibles translate this as "Why has Apis fled? Why did your bull not stand?" # Why are your mighty ones facedown on the ground? They will not stand Yahweh uses a question to mock the strength of the Egyptian soldiers. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Your soldiers are facedown on the ground and will not stand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/16.md b/jer/46/16.md index ac2ac4bdd9..3f9ddf43f5 100644 --- a/jer/46/16.md +++ b/jer/46/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # away from the sword of the oppressor Here "sword" represents the enemy soldiers who are carrying weapons. Alternate translation: "away from the soldiers that are oppressing us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/17.md b/jer/46/17.md index 32612773d5..81369e114b 100644 --- a/jer/46/17.md +++ b/jer/46/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "they" refers to people in general who are in Egypt or # Pharaoh the king of Egypt is only a noise, one who has let his opportunity slip away These two phrases are saying that the nation of Egypt has become of little importance. The phrase "only a noise" is an idiom that means a person says he will do something but he does not do it. Alternate translation: "Pharaoh brags much but cannot do what he brags he will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/18.md b/jer/46/18.md index e166e88ffe..64c41f02c8 100644 --- a/jer/46/18.md +++ b/jer/46/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the nation of Babylon who will be as overwhelming to the nation o # Mount Tabor This is the name of a mountain in the northern part of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/19.md b/jer/46/19.md index 9427895b27..bd1774fd96 100644 --- a/jer/46/19.md +++ b/jer/46/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pack for yourselves baggage to carry into exile "Prepare to go into exile" - diff --git a/jer/46/20.md b/jer/46/20.md index b7f6506b23..9a3e47c7cd 100644 --- a/jer/46/20.md +++ b/jer/46/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The nation of Egypt, which was very strong and prosperous, is spoken of as if it # but a stinging insect The enemy army coming to attack the Egyptians is spoken of as if the army were an insect that stings. Alternate translation: "but a powerful army like a stinging insect" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/21.md b/jer/46/21.md index 228fc787fc..be8886a64b 100644 --- a/jer/46/21.md +++ b/jer/46/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "stand together" is an idiom meaning to remain united. The writer is saying t # the day of their disaster is coming against them This speaks of a day as if it travels and arrives in a location. Alternate translation: "they will experience disaster on that day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/22.md b/jer/46/22.md index efb0eba23c..5662ebea59 100644 --- a/jer/46/22.md +++ b/jer/46/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The inability of the Egyptians to do anything to stop their enemy is spoken of a # They are going toward her like woodcutters with axes The enemies coming with the weapons to destroy the Egyptians is spoken of as if they were woodcutters with axes preparing to cut down a tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/23.md b/jer/46/23.md index a6363d0395..6e5e67a204 100644 --- a/jer/46/23.md +++ b/jer/46/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a type of insect that travels in very large groups and can cause great d # unable to be counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will be able to count them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/24.md b/jer/46/24.md index 5e0543f03d..3e32960d17 100644 --- a/jer/46/24.md +++ b/jer/46/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Egypt are spoken of as if they were the daughter of Egypt. This ca # She will be given into the hand of people from the north Here "hand" represents power or control. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I, Yahweh, will allow the people from the north to defeat the Egyptians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/25.md b/jer/46/25.md index f3796b9c77..063709ddbf 100644 --- a/jer/46/25.md +++ b/jer/46/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Egypt and her gods Here "Egypt" represents the people. Alternate translation: "all the people of Egypt and the gods they worship" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/26.md b/jer/46/26.md index 9041ab2b7b..8f60433c85 100644 --- a/jer/46/26.md +++ b/jer/46/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. "Nebuchadnezzar ... his servants" names # Then after this Egypt will be inhabited This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then after this, people will live in Egypt again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/27.md b/jer/46/27.md index 5187fdec02..e3c868eb77 100644 --- a/jer/46/27.md +++ b/jer/46/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 30:10](../30/10.md). # no more terror "no one to terrify him" - diff --git a/jer/46/28.md b/jer/46/28.md index 30fa2054e6..f8d1cb95d8 100644 --- a/jer/46/28.md +++ b/jer/46/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "destruction" can be stated using the verb "destroy." Alternat # will certainly not leave you unpunished This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "will certainly punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jer/46/intro.md b/jer/46/intro.md index eef50714f6..da5ddb1364 100644 --- a/jer/46/intro.md +++ b/jer/46/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,25 @@ # Jeremiah 46 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 46:3-12, 14-24. This begins a section where Jeremiah prophesies about other nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Justice +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice + Much of Jeremiah is concerned with Yahweh's punishment of Judah. Yahweh used Egypt to punish Judah. Because Yahweh is just, he is going to punish Egypt for their evil deeds as well. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Battle preparations -Jeremiah commands the Egyptian army to prepare for battle, even though they will not be able to defend themselves. Their punishment has already been determined by Yahweh. +### Battle preparations + +Jeremiah commands the Egyptian army to prepare for battle, even though they will not be able to defend themselves. Their punishment has already been determined by Yahweh. ## Links: * __[Jeremiah 46:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../45/intro.md) | [>>](../47/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/47/01.md b/jer/47/01.md index 00d96d635b..af2e506e4a 100644 --- a/jer/47/01.md +++ b/jer/47/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "this word came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. A # before Pharaoh Here "Pharaoh" represents the Egyptians army. Alternate translation: "before Pharaoh's army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/47/02.md b/jer/47/02.md index 7d22724239..c97d64e24c 100644 --- a/jer/47/02.md +++ b/jer/47/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The two phrases have a similar meaning. The enemy army is spoken of as if it wer # they will overflow the land This continues speaking of the army from the north as an overflowing river. Alternate translation: "like an overflowing river, the army from the north will destroy the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/47/03.md b/jer/47/03.md index 8193cb266c..47f08bef06 100644 --- a/jer/47/03.md +++ b/jer/47/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Together these represent the sounds of an oncoming army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # at the roar of their chariots and the noise of their wheels These two phrase have similar meanings and they are combined to emphasize the loud noise they will make. Alternate translation: "at the very loud sound of the wheels of the chariots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/47/04.md b/jer/47/04.md index 92c31877ad..05435c3957 100644 --- a/jer/47/04.md +++ b/jer/47/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Removing someone is spoken of as if they were cut off the way a person may cut a # Caphtor This is the name of an island of the northern region of the Philistines. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/47/05.md b/jer/47/05.md index e4fbc8d219..830e4b8dd2 100644 --- a/jer/47/05.md +++ b/jer/47/05.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that the people of Ashkelon will never stop # cut yourself The cutting of one's skin was another practice done by the idol worshipers when they mourned the dead. Alternate translation: "cut yourself in mourning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/47/06.md b/jer/47/06.md index 261c871345..f2adc5ab25 100644 --- a/jer/47/06.md +++ b/jer/47/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A sword makes a noise as it slashes back and forth. Asking the sword to be silen # scabbard This is the case used to protect the blade of a sword. - diff --git a/jer/47/07.md b/jer/47/07.md index 84de59ce67..ab1e5be242 100644 --- a/jer/47/07.md +++ b/jer/47/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Jeremiah is speaking. He continues speaking of the sword of Yahweh as if it # How can it rest when Yahweh has commanded it, when he has appointed ... the sea? Jeremiah uses a question to mean that the sword cannot stop since Yahweh has commanded it to continue killing. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "It cannot stop, for Yahweh has commanded it. He has appointed ... the sea." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/47/intro.md b/jer/47/intro.md index 28bc971238..463e0ea67f 100644 --- a/jer/47/intro.md +++ b/jer/47/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Jeremiah 47 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 47:2-7. Jeremiah's prophesies about other nations continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Flood waters -#### Flood waters This chapter uses the imagery of a flood to describe the enemies who conquer the Philistines. Their destruction will be swift and complete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter uses the imagery of a flood to describe the enemies who conquer the * __[Jeremiah 47:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../46/intro.md) | [>>](../48/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/48/01.md b/jer/48/01.md index 301eba2244..1e9dd43351 100644 --- a/jer/48/01.md +++ b/jer/48/01.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ This is the name of a city near Mount Nebo in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/t # Kiriathaim has been humiliated -Here "Kiriathaim has been humiliated" represents the people being humiliated. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemy has captured the city of Kiriathaim and humiliated the people who live there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) +Here "Kiriathaim has been humiliated" represents the people being humiliated. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemy has captured the city of Kiriathaim and humiliated the people who live there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # Kiriathaim @@ -28,5 +28,4 @@ This is the name of a city in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # Her fortress has been disgraced -Here "fortress has been disgraced" represents the people being disgraced. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemy has destroyed the fortress in Kiriathaim and disgraced its people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - +Here "fortress has been disgraced" represents the people being disgraced. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemy has destroyed the fortress in Kiriathaim and disgraced its people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/jer/48/02.md b/jer/48/02.md index 1c4e7041f5..636ea35acf 100644 --- a/jer/48/02.md +++ b/jer/48/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # a sword will go after you Here "sword" represents the enemy army carrying weapons. Alternate translation: "your enemies will chase after you and kill you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/03.md b/jer/48/03.md index e7474a7016..7ada372f15 100644 --- a/jer/48/03.md +++ b/jer/48/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a town in the south of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tran # ruin and great destruction These two terms mean the same thing. Together they emphasize complete destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/04.md b/jer/48/04.md index f9bee9a4a9..6676042269 100644 --- a/jer/48/04.md +++ b/jer/48/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemy army has de # Her children Possible meanings are 1) the children who lived in Moab or 2) "children" is a metonym that represents the people of Moab in general. Alternate translation: "The people of Moab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/05.md b/jer/48/05.md index ed30536c47..41dc6f9a8e 100644 --- a/jer/48/05.md +++ b/jer/48/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names] # because of the destruction The abstract noun "destruction" can be stated as "destroyed." Alternate translation: "because their town is destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/06.md b/jer/48/06.md index 884b35cb21..953f29cfac 100644 --- a/jer/48/06.md +++ b/jer/48/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "your" refers to the people of Moab. # become like a juniper bush in the wilderness The people fleeing from their cities into the desert is compared to a bush or shrub that grows in the desert. Alternate translation: "become like a shrub that grows in the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/07.md b/jer/48/07.md index b1b2514199..042d75fc0b 100644 --- a/jer/48/07.md +++ b/jer/48/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the enemy army will a # Then Chemosh will go away into captivity "Chemosh" is the chief god of the Moabites. This means the enemy army will take the idol of Chemosh that the people made to worship. Alternate translation: "The enemy army will take your god Chemosh as a captive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/08.md b/jer/48/08.md index cde840450d..b71e4286b5 100644 --- a/jer/48/08.md +++ b/jer/48/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "city" represents the people. Alternate translation: "no people from any ci # So the valley will perish and the plain will be devastated Here "valley" and "plain" represent the cities and the people in those places Alternate translation: "So the enemy army will destroy everything in the valleys and on the plains" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/09.md b/jer/48/09.md index 3bae7afca0..900e0580aa 100644 --- a/jer/48/09.md +++ b/jer/48/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Helping the people is spoken of as if they would put wings on the people so that # Give wings to Moab, for she must certainly fly away The translation of the original language is uncertain. Some Bibles translate this as "Set up a tombstone for Moab, for the enemy will certainly destroy it." Other Bibles translate it as "Put salt on the cities of Moab, for the enemy will completely destroy it." Enemies through salt on ruins to keep thing from ever growing there again. - diff --git a/jer/48/10.md b/jer/48/10.md index 10637745ad..78be25fd23 100644 --- a/jer/48/10.md +++ b/jer/48/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from shedding blood Here "blood" represents a person's life. And "shedding blood" is an idiom that means to kill. Alternate translation: "from killing people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/11.md b/jer/48/11.md index b35fb26224..43edb9bbdc 100644 --- a/jer/48/11.md +++ b/jer/48/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of Moab as if it were a man. Here it represents the people of # He is like his wine that has never been poured from pot to pot For wine to taste good, it has to be left undisturbed for a long time and not poured from one pot to another. Yahweh compares the people of Moab, who are prosperous because no one has ever conquered them and taken them as captives, to wine that is undisturbed and has a good flavor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/12.md b/jer/48/12.md index c060867533..bcae0ab2c4 100644 --- a/jer/48/12.md +++ b/jer/48/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The enemy army defeating the people of Moab and taking them as captives is spoke # send him ... tip him over ... his pots ... his jars Here Yahweh speaks of Moab as if it were a man. Here it represents the people of Moab. All occurrences of "he," "his," and "him" in 48:11-12 can be stated as "they," "their," or "them." Alternate translation: "send them ... tip them over ... their pots ... their jars" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/13.md b/jer/48/13.md index 9827010bfa..b568c91bde 100644 --- a/jer/48/13.md +++ b/jer/48/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # Bethel This could be the name of 1) the city in which the Israelites worshiped a golden calf or 2) a false god the Israelites worshiped. - diff --git a/jer/48/14.md b/jer/48/14.md index 86b8e670a0..8900ca0c60 100644 --- a/jer/48/14.md +++ b/jer/48/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How can you say, 'We are soldiers, powerful fighting men'? Here Yahweh is speaking to the soldiers of Moab. Yahweh uses a question to rebuke the soldiers. Alternate translation: "No longer can you say, 'We are soldiers, powerful fighting men.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/15.md b/jer/48/15.md index e1209aede0..3a4d8a4bb4 100644 --- a/jer/48/15.md +++ b/jer/48/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The best men of Moab going to battle and being killed is spoken of as if they we # This is the king's declaration Here "king" refers to Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 46:18](../46/18.md). Alternate translation: "This is what I, the king, declare" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/16.md b/jer/48/16.md index a2cbce3e8e..43965f7f19 100644 --- a/jer/48/16.md +++ b/jer/48/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two sentences mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Moab's dest # calamity is hurrying quickly Something terrible happening soon is spoken of as if calamity were something that could move quickly to a place. Alternate translation: "terrible things will happen very soon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/17.md b/jer/48/17.md index 2f05ce9c06..bacc5714bb 100644 --- a/jer/48/17.md +++ b/jer/48/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the strong staff, the honored rod, has been broken Here the words "staff" and "rod" represent the power and political support that Moab provided to other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moab's enemies have ended her great power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/18.md b/jer/48/18.md index 064de22cf9..019f07e352 100644 --- a/jer/48/18.md +++ b/jer/48/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a city in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # the destroyer of Moab "the enemy army that will destroy Moab" - diff --git a/jer/48/19.md b/jer/48/19.md index 03cc4bb9ae..16fa0e7044 100644 --- a/jer/48/19.md +++ b/jer/48/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # Ask the ones "Ask the people" or "Ask the men and women" - diff --git a/jer/48/20.md b/jer/48/20.md index 00f90b1d14..8eda1d81d2 100644 --- a/jer/48/20.md +++ b/jer/48/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Moab" represents the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate # that Moab has been devastated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the enemy army has devastated Moab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/21.md b/jer/48/21.md index 4e73efa345..92cc471091 100644 --- a/jer/48/21.md +++ b/jer/48/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh punishing the people of the hill country and cities of Moab is spoken of # Holon, Jahzah, and Mephaath These are cities in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/22.md b/jer/48/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/48/22.md +++ b/jer/48/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/48/23.md b/jer/48/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/48/23.md +++ b/jer/48/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/48/24.md b/jer/48/24.md index a21a98f57a..9111224009 100644 --- a/jer/48/24.md +++ b/jer/48/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bozrah a city in Moab (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/25.md b/jer/48/25.md index baf06184b7..df4ec22dd1 100644 --- a/jer/48/25.md +++ b/jer/48/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these statements mean the same thing. Here "horn" and "arm" represent po # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/26.md b/jer/48/26.md index c33fd26fe3..2600339b4e 100644 --- a/jer/48/26.md +++ b/jer/48/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Moab as if they were a drunk person. # let him be an object of ridicule "so that people will laugh at him" - diff --git a/jer/48/27.md b/jer/48/27.md index 5814144b4a..8440819af5 100644 --- a/jer/48/27.md +++ b/jer/48/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh uses a question to rebuke the people of Moab for treating the people # shook your head at him This is a symbolic action that shows feeling of scorn or disgust towards someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/28.md b/jer/48/28.md index 58c9dc67b9..f9824d363f 100644 --- a/jer/48/28.md +++ b/jer/48/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This simile emphasizes the people should leave their cities and live in the rock # the mouth of a hole in the rocks Here "mouth of a hole" is an idiom that means the entrance to a cave. Alternate translation: "the entrance to caves" or "an opening in the rocks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/29.md b/jer/48/29.md index 3e8d639f0c..312d4e96c0 100644 --- a/jer/48/29.md +++ b/jer/48/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All of these words have similar meanings. They are used together to emphasize th # the conceit in his heart Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. Alternate translation: "his conceit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/30.md b/jer/48/30.md index 5ba5806b5b..06dd88c765 100644 --- a/jer/48/30.md +++ b/jer/48/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "his" refers to Moab which represents the people of Moab. Alternate transla # his arrogant speech The abstract noun "speech" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "that he has spoken arrogantly" or "that he has spoken arrogant words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/31.md b/jer/48/31.md index 2b51f25438..a9f2399b0e 100644 --- a/jer/48/31.md +++ b/jer/48/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a sad and loud cry that a person makes when he is in pain or deep sorrow # Kir Hareseth This is the name of the old capital city of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/32.md b/jer/48/32.md index ee6e73e81e..4078462fd0 100644 --- a/jer/48/32.md +++ b/jer/48/32.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Sibmah as if they were a grapevine. A # summer fruit -dates and figs \ No newline at end of file +dates and figs diff --git a/jer/48/33.md b/jer/48/33.md index c8060a3630..37ca8cdd0a 100644 --- a/jer/48/33.md +++ b/jer/48/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Yahweh. # They will not tread The wine makers would stomp on the grapes to squeeze out the juice. Alternate translation: "The wine makers will not stomp the grapes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/34.md b/jer/48/34.md index d966dc8264..e1bf37b578 100644 --- a/jer/48/34.md +++ b/jer/48/34.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ This is the name of a stream or river near the Dead Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # become desolate -"dried up." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) \ No newline at end of file +"dried up." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/jer/48/35.md b/jer/48/35.md index 21d778d90d..19459e57cd 100644 --- a/jer/48/35.md +++ b/jer/48/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/36.md b/jer/48/36.md index 809031aac5..d162452c94 100644 --- a/jer/48/36.md +++ b/jer/48/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "my" refers to Jeremiah or 2) "my" refers to Yahweh. # Kir Hareseth Kir Hareseth was an ancient capital of Moab. See how you translated this name in [Jeremiah 48:31](../48/31.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/37.md b/jer/48/37.md index 053dcd0817..eadfb32ab8 100644 --- a/jer/48/37.md +++ b/jer/48/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all things that the people of Moab did when they were mourning or expr # Incisions cuts made on the skin - diff --git a/jer/48/38.md b/jer/48/38.md index 02a2ab9d4c..b1d23ad5ff 100644 --- a/jer/48/38.md +++ b/jer/48/38.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "I" refers to Yahweh # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/39.md b/jer/48/39.md index 188c0195be..fc97d03092 100644 --- a/jer/48/39.md +++ b/jer/48/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Moab represents the people. To turn one's back is a sign of feeling ashamed # So Moab will become an object of derision and a terror to all those who are around him This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "derision" and "terror." Alternate translation: "So all the people nearby will be terrified at what happened to the people of Moab and they will mock them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/40.md b/jer/48/40.md index a50c844a06..6b93d848e3 100644 --- a/jer/48/40.md +++ b/jer/48/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the enemy will come flying like an eagle, spreading out his wings These phrases compare how a powerful army will descend on Moab and conquer it to the way an eagle swoops down to capture its prey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/41.md b/jer/48/41.md index 05bde0fe54..417d764040 100644 --- a/jer/48/41.md +++ b/jer/48/41.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase compares the fear that will overwhelm the soldiers of Moab to the fe # the hearts of Moab's soldiers will be like the hearts of women in birth labor Here "hearts" represent a person's emotions. Alternate translation: "Moab's soldiers will be afraid like a woman about to give birth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/42.md b/jer/48/42.md index a35c93de30..1b6a46cee6 100644 --- a/jer/48/42.md +++ b/jer/48/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Moab will be destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So the enemy will destroy the people of Moab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/43.md b/jer/48/43.md index 597a85e1d8..5877e981e7 100644 --- a/jer/48/43.md +++ b/jer/48/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "coming on you" is an idiom that means "to experience" something. Alternate # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/44.md b/jer/48/44.md index 18dbb0ef1b..fb8eddc283 100644 --- a/jer/48/44.md +++ b/jer/48/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the pit" and "the trap" represent all the different bad things that will h # in the year of Here, "year" could be translated as "time" or "season" or "time period." - diff --git a/jer/48/45.md b/jer/48/45.md index ccbbfe9b9f..14456a9808 100644 --- a/jer/48/45.md +++ b/jer/48/45.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "forehead" and "scalps" represent the people of Moab as a whole. Alternate # forehead the part of the face that is above the eyes, but below the hairline - diff --git a/jer/48/46.md b/jer/48/46.md index f3fff4f395..16eacfaa35 100644 --- a/jer/48/46.md +++ b/jer/48/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the chief god of the Moabites. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah # your sons are taken as captives and your daughters into captivity This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the enemy army has taken your sons and daughters as captives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/48/47.md b/jer/48/47.md index 06594b8d24..671cc01fe1 100644 --- a/jer/48/47.md +++ b/jer/48/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # The judgment on Moab ends here "That is the end of what Jeremiah prophesied about Moab" - diff --git a/jer/48/intro.md b/jer/48/intro.md index cc9ef69f8d..7c9583a7b2 100644 --- a/jer/48/intro.md +++ b/jer/48/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Jeremiah 48 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 48:1-25, 28-33, 39-47. Jeremiah's prophesies about other nations continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Obeying Yahweh +### Obeying Yahweh Moab worshiped and served other gods. Despite this, Yahweh expected every nation to worship and serve him and him alone. They were punished because of it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Moab worshiped and served other gods. Despite this, Yahweh expected every nation * __[Jeremiah 48:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../47/intro.md) | [>>](../49/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/49/01.md b/jer/49/01.md index ee63d0ffeb..24161b367c 100644 --- a/jer/49/01.md +++ b/jer/49/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh uses a question to express that the people of Israel should be living in # Why does Molech Here "Molech" represents the people who worship Molech. Alternate translation: "Why do the people who worship Molech" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/02.md b/jer/49/02.md index e623e77c0a..9ea9eb4f11 100644 --- a/jer/49/02.md +++ b/jer/49/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the enemy army will b # For Israel will possess those who possessed him Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. "Those" refers to people of Ammon, who represent the land that they took from Israel. Alternate translation: "Then the people of Israel will again possess the land that the people of Ammon took away from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/03.md b/jer/49/03.md index 3e8f2884a9..02e713b38a 100644 --- a/jer/49/03.md +++ b/jer/49/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ People would wear sackcloth to show that they were very sad. The command "gird y # for Molech is going into captivity "for your enemies will take your god Molech captive." This means the enemies will take the idol that represents Molech back to their land. - diff --git a/jer/49/04.md b/jer/49/04.md index 2be1e9c0c7..f334faa92f 100644 --- a/jer/49/04.md +++ b/jer/49/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here, the people of Ammon are spoken of as if they were a daughter. Alternate tr # say, 'Who will come against me?' The Ammonites use this question to state that they do not believe anyone can defeat them. It can be reworded as an indirect statement. Alternate translation: "falsely think that no one can defeat you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/05.md b/jer/49/05.md index 9a3f527706..d56fb80b69 100644 --- a/jer/49/05.md +++ b/jer/49/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" refers to the people of Ammon. # this terror will come from all those who surround you. Each one of you will be scattered before it The abstract noun "terror" can be stated as the verb "terrify." The phrase "will be scattered" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will cause all those around you to terrify you. Each one of you flee to different directions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/06.md b/jer/49/06.md index 072d0395b5..81ef5b5034 100644 --- a/jer/49/06.md +++ b/jer/49/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reverse the captivity of the people of Ammon The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause, and here it is probably a metaphor for Yahweh making the Ammonites prosper in a general sense. See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "free the people of Ammon from their captivity" or "cause the people of Ammon to live well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/07.md b/jer/49/07.md index 0cb2e3407a..32e2d6b145 100644 --- a/jer/49/07.md +++ b/jer/49/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to scold the people. It can be translated as a stateme # Has their wisdom become corrupted? Yahweh uses this question to scold the people. This question may be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Their advice is no longer wise." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/08.md b/jer/49/08.md index b43111a06b..1d07918e43 100644 --- a/jer/49/08.md +++ b/jer/49/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Esau" represents the people of Edom. The Edomites were descendants of Esau # on him ... I punish him Yahweh is speaking to the people of Edom. This can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: "on you ... I punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/09.md b/jer/49/09.md index 6667a79ad0..ea4881ab89 100644 --- a/jer/49/09.md +++ b/jer/49/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh uses a question to cause the people to think about how thieves only take # spoil This is a metonym for "steal." They would spoil the crop by stealing it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/10.md b/jer/49/10.md index 9067a63ca2..9e53f38b6e 100644 --- a/jer/49/10.md +++ b/jer/49/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Esau" represents the people of Edom. Alternate translation: "the people of # I have revealed his hiding places "I have made known to the enemy soldiers where the people of Edom hide" - diff --git a/jer/49/11.md b/jer/49/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/49/11.md +++ b/jer/49/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/49/12.md b/jer/49/12.md index 95ee7ec7b4..a82f33b277 100644 --- a/jer/49/12.md +++ b/jer/49/12.md @@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ The words "you" and "yourself" refer to Edom, which represents the people of Edo # You will not go unpunished -"You will certainly be punished" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) \ No newline at end of file +"You will certainly be punished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) diff --git a/jer/49/13.md b/jer/49/13.md index 3a8bcd61d0..dd40358915 100644 --- a/jer/49/13.md +++ b/jer/49/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city in Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # All of its cities "All of Edom's cities" - diff --git a/jer/49/14.md b/jer/49/14.md index 9acb3495ea..32c9ed5818 100644 --- a/jer/49/14.md +++ b/jer/49/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is understood "Gather together" is the beginning of the messenger's message. # attack her The word "her" refers to Edom. - diff --git a/jer/49/15.md b/jer/49/15.md index 7522411ce0..aba90782b2 100644 --- a/jer/49/15.md +++ b/jer/49/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "small" represents having the least political importance. Alternate transla # despised by people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and people despise you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/16.md b/jer/49/16.md index 2656d8d763..583ad072aa 100644 --- a/jer/49/16.md +++ b/jer/49/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a very large, powerful bird of prey. See how you translated this in [Jer # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/17.md b/jer/49/17.md index 17d4cc66b9..af46d8b9df 100644 --- a/jer/49/17.md +++ b/jer/49/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "horror" can be stated using the verb "horrified." Alternate t # be appalled and hiss The word "hiss" refers to a sound that shows horror or awe. Alternate translation: "shake from fear and gasp" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/18.md b/jer/49/18.md index d50bcd9707..13d2c840f6 100644 --- a/jer/49/18.md +++ b/jer/49/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no one will live there; no person will stay there Yahweh says the same thing twice to emphasize that Edom will be completely uninhabited. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/19.md b/jer/49/19.md index 3df1df9b70..9fdc5e8655 100644 --- a/jer/49/19.md +++ b/jer/49/19.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ Yahweh uses the question to emphasize that no one is like him. This question can # What shepherd is able to resist me? Yahweh uses the question to show no one can defeat him. Here "shepherd" is a metaphor for "king" or "ruler." This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No king is able to resist me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/20.md b/jer/49/20.md index 8f95a473cb..7e7efaa7bb 100644 --- a/jer/49/20.md +++ b/jer/49/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the youngest and weakest people of Edom are spoken of as if they are the sm # Their pasturelands will be turned into ruined places Here the land of Edom is spoken of as if it were pasturelands for flocks. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He will turn their pasturelands into ruined places" or "He will completely get rid of the people who live there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/21.md b/jer/49/21.md index 4976a20062..1ac17d6fb0 100644 --- a/jer/49/21.md +++ b/jer/49/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The loud sound of Edom being destroyed is spoken of as if Edom were a large obje # The sound of cries of distress is heard at the Sea of Reeds This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People at the Sea of Reeds will hear the people of Edom crying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/22.md b/jer/49/22.md index c8ad8a0369..417613106c 100644 --- a/jer/49/22.md +++ b/jer/49/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate the name of this city as you did in [Jeremiah 48:24](../48/24.md). (Se # the hearts of Edom's soldiers will become like the heart of a woman in birth labor Here "hearts" represent a person's emotions. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 48:41](../48/41.md). Alternate translation: "Edom's soldiers will be afraid like a woman about to give birth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/23.md b/jer/49/23.md index 91e4e3a837..c2da423ead 100644 --- a/jer/49/23.md +++ b/jer/49/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A person being afraid is spoken of as if the person were melting. Alternate tran # Anxiety is in the sea. It cannot stay calm. The water of the sea is always moving and is never still. This is compared to the people who cannot rest because they are so anxious about the bad news they heard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/24.md b/jer/49/24.md index 4b29b8adbb..4100ec9214 100644 --- a/jer/49/24.md +++ b/jer/49/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "terror" can be stated as the verb "terrified." Alternate tran # Distress and pain seize it, like the pain of a woman giving birth This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "distress" and "pain." The people are compared to a woman giving birth to emphasize their pain and fear. Alternate translation: "The people are afraid and suffering like a woman giving birth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/26.md b/jer/49/26.md index 2dc3292dc6..4e65e2eee3 100644 --- a/jer/49/26.md +++ b/jer/49/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They young men being killed is spoken of as if they will fall. Alternate transla # this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/27.md b/jer/49/27.md index 427c891987..1c1eb9f09d 100644 --- a/jer/49/27.md +++ b/jer/49/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Causing the enemy army to light a fire is spoken of as if Yahweh will light the # Ben-Hadad This the name or title of the king of Damascus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/28.md b/jer/49/28.md index 156cb3ebd4..20b2609b74 100644 --- a/jer/49/28.md +++ b/jer/49/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "now" introduces background information about Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc:// # Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon was going to attack Here "Nebuchadnezzar" represents his army. Alternate translation: "the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon was going to attack" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/29.md b/jer/49/29.md index 6009dbcd03..7c34baf7ae 100644 --- a/jer/49/29.md +++ b/jer/49/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your soldiers will ta # men will shout to them, "Terror is on every side!" Possible meanings are 1) these are men being attacked by the enemy. Alternate translation: "men will shout, 'We are terrified because terrible things are happening all around us!'" or 2) these are soldiers in the invading army. Alternate translation: "soldiers will shout at them, 'Be afraid because we are all around you!'" - diff --git a/jer/49/30.md b/jer/49/30.md index d21dd6029b..989c7e24f0 100644 --- a/jer/49/30.md +++ b/jer/49/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # devised a plan "made a plan" - diff --git a/jer/49/31.md b/jer/49/31.md index 47ada3f036..967ab2b688 100644 --- a/jer/49/31.md +++ b/jer/49/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "nation" represents the people living there. Alternate translation: "Attack # They ... them The words "They" and "them" refer to the people who feel safe and secure. - diff --git a/jer/49/32.md b/jer/49/32.md index 5740503598..76b38d2c00 100644 --- a/jer/49/32.md +++ b/jer/49/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This probably refers to people who cut their hair short in order to honor a paga # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/33.md b/jer/49/33.md index b300c57590..bdeffedbd1 100644 --- a/jer/49/33.md +++ b/jer/49/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # No one will live there; no human being will stay there These two lines mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Hazor will be completely uninhabited. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/34.md b/jer/49/34.md index b87f758c84..051bf32c2f 100644 --- a/jer/49/34.md +++ b/jer/49/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking about what will happen to Elam. # This is the word of Yahweh that came to Jeremiah This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 14:1](../14/01.md), and make any changes as needed. Alternate translation: "This is the message that Yahweh gave to Jeremiah" or "This is the message that Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/35.md b/jer/49/35.md index 5c004d8ef3..aa8d6aae36 100644 --- a/jer/49/35.md +++ b/jer/49/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. S # bowmen men who are skilled with a bow and arrows - diff --git a/jer/49/36.md b/jer/49/36.md index 1e4587579c..756e58d4fa 100644 --- a/jer/49/36.md +++ b/jer/49/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "winds" represents "nations." Alternate translation: "to all those nations" # There is no nation to which those scattered from Elam will not go This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I will scatter the people of Elam to every nation on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/37.md b/jer/49/37.md index 6df0ca4610..32469ccc96 100644 --- a/jer/49/37.md +++ b/jer/49/37.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh causing people to experience disaster is spoken of as if he would bring d # the sword after them Here "sword" represents the enemy army carrying their weapons. Alternate translation: "the enemy army to pursue and kill them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/38.md b/jer/49/38.md index d6db76e12b..cf380b2161 100644 --- a/jer/49/38.md +++ b/jer/49/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will put my throne in Elam Here "throne" represents Yahweh's right to rule and judge as the king. Alternate translation: "I will judge the people of Elam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/39.md b/jer/49/39.md index ad37c6d120..f5991a7ef1 100644 --- a/jer/49/39.md +++ b/jer/49/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # reverse the captivity of Elam The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause, and here it is probably a metaphor for Yahweh making Elam prosper in a general sense. The word "Elam" is a metonym for the Elamites, the people of Elam. See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "free the people of Elam from their captivity" or "cause the Elamites to live well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/49/intro.md b/jer/49/intro.md index a7bb5b0ea6..5508eb103b 100644 --- a/jer/49/intro.md +++ b/jer/49/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,21 @@ # Jeremiah 49 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines in 49:1-11, 14-27, 29-33, 37-39 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are part of a long quotation. Jeremiah's prophesies about other nations conclude in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Covenant with Abraham +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Covenant with Abraham + Ammon is destroyed because it drove the people of the tribe of Gad from their homeland. This is in line with the promises of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham to curse those who curse Abraham's descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical questions +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions + There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these rhetorical questions is to convict those Yahweh addresses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +23,3 @@ There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these rhetor * __[Jeremiah 49:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../48/intro.md) | [>>](../50/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/50/01.md b/jer/50/01.md index dd29db6c0e..c9ac43d731 100644 --- a/jer/50/01.md +++ b/jer/50/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translatio # by the hand of Jeremiah the prophet The hand is a synecdoche for the person. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 37:2](../37/02.md). Alternate translation: "through Jeremiah, who was a prophet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/02.md b/jer/50/02.md index 4dfd818afc..8966fd838a 100644 --- a/jer/50/02.md +++ b/jer/50/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These lines mean the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh has disgraced the gods # Bel ... Marduk These are two names for the chief god of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/03.md b/jer/50/03.md index 4397271aeb..cd7423485b 100644 --- a/jer/50/03.md +++ b/jer/50/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "her" refers to Babylon. # make her land a desolation The abstract noun "desolation" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "destroy her land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/04.md b/jer/50/04.md index 2252778781..923182e310 100644 --- a/jer/50/04.md +++ b/jer/50/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # seek Yahweh their God Seeking Yahweh their God represents either 1) asking God for help or 2) thinking about God and obeying him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/05.md b/jer/50/05.md index 6638f36a71..2aa4cc4519 100644 --- a/jer/50/05.md +++ b/jer/50/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is figurative language used to explain a spiritual connection to Yahweh. (S # that will not be forgotten This states that the covenant will be obeyed forever. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that no one will forget" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/06.md b/jer/50/06.md index 7f5b4e16ab..c611db530d 100644 --- a/jer/50/06.md +++ b/jer/50/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The leaders of Israel are spoken of as if they were the shepherds of people. Thi # turned them around from hill to hill "lead them around to many different places" - diff --git a/jer/50/07.md b/jer/50/07.md index 5911ba143a..b02d5e3a67 100644 --- a/jer/50/07.md +++ b/jer/50/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the people of Israel. # Yahweh, the hope of their ancestors Yahweh is spoken of as the source of their trust. The abstract noun "hope" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "the one whom their ancestors confidently expected to help them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/08.md b/jer/50/08.md index 95d252dfc2..6dddc38ff6 100644 --- a/jer/50/08.md +++ b/jer/50/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This command is addressed to the people of Israel who were in exile in Babylon. # be like male goats that leave Male goats tend to be more independent than the rest of the flock. Possible meanings are 1) they should be the first to leave Babylon or 2) they should lead the rest of the Israelites away from Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/09.md b/jer/50/09.md index f1b4d6bb0a..15959b8032 100644 --- a/jer/50/09.md +++ b/jer/50/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "from the north" or 2) "from their battle positions." # Their arrows are like a skilled warrior who does not return empty-handed The effectiveness of the arrows of the attacking nations are spoken of as if they were soldiers that always accomplish their mission. The idiom "empty-handed" means "without success." Alternate translation: Each of their arrows are like skilled soldiers that always hit their target" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/10.md b/jer/50/10.md index 2dbe7ef5ed..e84be019ce 100644 --- a/jer/50/10.md +++ b/jer/50/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # Chaldea will become plunder "They will plunder Chaldea" - diff --git a/jer/50/11.md b/jer/50/11.md index 39346aac20..5c31b51bdf 100644 --- a/jer/50/11.md +++ b/jer/50/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ the action a calf makes when kicking the ground # you neigh like a powerful horse The people of Babylon are compared to stallions that are making loud noises because they are excited. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/12.md b/jer/50/12.md index 06c521f345..cd60082460 100644 --- a/jer/50/12.md +++ b/jer/50/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of h # a wilderness, a dry land, and a desert These words have basically the same meaning and emphasize the complete barrenness of the land. Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor for an uninhabited place or 2) this refers to Babylon literally becoming a barren wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/13.md b/jer/50/13.md index cd2ee9579f..8afe2daa4f 100644 --- a/jer/50/13.md +++ b/jer/50/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ shake violently due to fear # hiss make a sound like a snake that means great disapproval - diff --git a/jer/50/14.md b/jer/50/14.md index 3c563ac49d..e8cdf12556 100644 --- a/jer/50/14.md +++ b/jer/50/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This emphasizes that they should shoot all their arrows. Alternate translation: # she has sinned Jeremiah speaks of the people who live in the city of Babylon as if they were the city itself, and he speaks of the city as if it were a woman. Alternate translation: "the people of the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/15.md b/jer/50/15.md index dbeee5496b..3807d91de4 100644 --- a/jer/50/15.md +++ b/jer/50/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jeremiah speaks of the city of Babylon as if it were a woman. Alternate translat # her walls are torn down This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the nations have torn down her walls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/16.md b/jer/50/16.md index 9c4b537857..20dff8dcd0 100644 --- a/jer/50/16.md +++ b/jer/50/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Together they strengthen the co # from the oppressor's sword Here the word "sword" refers to the armies that will attack Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/17.md b/jer/50/17.md index 673c0af142..979f7d53be 100644 --- a/jer/50/17.md +++ b/jer/50/17.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This refers to the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # broke his bones The destruction of Israel by Nebuchadnezzar is spoken of if it were a sheep which had its bones crushed by a lion. Alternate translation: "destroyed Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/18.md b/jer/50/18.md index 8f61a78829..e7a13bebc3 100644 --- a/jer/50/18.md +++ b/jer/50/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "See" means to pay special attention to what follows. # his land Here "land" is a metonym for the people who live in the land of Babylon. Alternate translation: "the Babylonian people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/19.md b/jer/50/19.md index 4019353616..2ca21b83eb 100644 --- a/jer/50/19.md +++ b/jer/50/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers collectively to all the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "th # he will graze on Carmel and Bashan Israel is spoken of as if they were sheep that eat grass. Alternate translation: "they will eat food that grows in Carmel and Bashan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/20.md b/jer/50/20.md index f7238a2544..a4537212e5 100644 --- a/jer/50/20.md +++ b/jer/50/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will look for # that I spare They will escape the destruction of Babylon. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "that I allow to escape the destruction of Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/21.md b/jer/50/21.md index cd44e86231..695667d934 100644 --- a/jer/50/21.md +++ b/jer/50/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to having a sword come down on people to kill them. Alternate transl # Put them to the sword Here the word "sword" represents war. Yahweh speaks of Babylon's enemies killing them in battle as if he were placing those people under the sword's power. Alternate translation: "Kill them in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/22.md b/jer/50/22.md index 1756a630fe..55fc8c964c 100644 --- a/jer/50/22.md +++ b/jer/50/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The sounds of battle and enormous destruction are in the land These sounds are heard during battle and great destruction. They are spoken of in the present tense to indicate that this will certainly happen soon. Alternate translation: "The sounds of fierce battle and terrible destruction are going to happen soon in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/23.md b/jer/50/23.md index f047357ab7..4f0cf0c446 100644 --- a/jer/50/23.md +++ b/jer/50/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The army of Babylon is spoken of as if it were a hammer. The destruction of this # How Babylon has become an object of horror among the nations Babylon was a nation like the other nations, but it will become a complete ruin, totally destroyed. - diff --git a/jer/50/24.md b/jer/50/24.md index 814fc669b8..dc8e143ba0 100644 --- a/jer/50/24.md +++ b/jer/50/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The destruction of Babylon is spoken of as if Yahweh had caught them in a trap l # you were taken ... You were found and captured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have captured you ... I found you and captured you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/25.md b/jer/50/25.md index ab0c3d2eec..737a37fa7f 100644 --- a/jer/50/25.md +++ b/jer/50/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's anger that causes him to send enemies against Babylon is spoken of as i # armory this is a building or room where weapons of war are stored - diff --git a/jer/50/26.md b/jer/50/26.md index 424f69f621..b93f749fba 100644 --- a/jer/50/26.md +++ b/jer/50/26.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This idiom means to destroy something completely. See how you translated a simil # Leave no remnant of her This is stated in a negative way to emphasize the completeness of the destruction. Alternate translation: "Kill every person in her" - diff --git a/jer/50/27.md b/jer/50/27.md index 3bb779e7e0..fdebddffd7 100644 --- a/jer/50/27.md +++ b/jer/50/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "them" and "their" refer to the people of Babylon. # their day has come—the time for their punishment The phrases "their day" and "the time" mean the same thing and can be combined. Alternate translation: "the time for their punishment has come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/28.md b/jer/50/28.md index fc7560df26..3df2497b5f 100644 --- a/jer/50/28.md +++ b/jer/50/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "those" and "These" refer to the survivors from Babylon who will tell # the vengeance of Yahweh our God for Zion, and vengeance for his temple The abstract noun "vengeance" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "Yahweh our God has taken revenge for what they did to Zion and to his temple in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/29.md b/jer/50/29.md index db9b68897d..8837a32ea6 100644 --- a/jer/50/29.md +++ b/jer/50/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "capture or kill eve # Do to her by the measure she has used The evil things the Babylonians did to Israel are spoken of as if Babylon measured them. Alternate translation: "Measure out punishment for her with the same amount she used to punish Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/30.md b/jer/50/30.md index 124d9796ae..1fb4075f8b 100644 --- a/jer/50/30.md +++ b/jer/50/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will destroy all he # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh declares" or "this is what I, Yahweh, declare" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/31.md b/jer/50/31.md index a03312aa92..d76365572e 100644 --- a/jer/50/31.md +++ b/jer/50/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. The second phrase defines the "day" that # your day "your time." This refers to the entire span of time during which the horrible judgment will come upon Babylon. - diff --git a/jer/50/32.md b/jer/50/32.md index 9b3b68681a..5c85a3af21 100644 --- a/jer/50/32.md +++ b/jer/50/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Fire burning the cities of Babylon is spoken of as if the fire were an animal th # around him Here "him" refers to the "proud one" which describes Babylon. - diff --git a/jer/50/33.md b/jer/50/33.md index b6b72fb9fa..486196acfd 100644 --- a/jer/50/33.md +++ b/jer/50/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Babylonians are o # captured them The word "them" refers to the people of Israel and Judah who were captured and taken into exile. - diff --git a/jer/50/34.md b/jer/50/34.md index 3bb0957e30..4323ce8b3d 100644 --- a/jer/50/34.md +++ b/jer/50/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two terms represent opposite ideas and bring a strong contrast to how Yahw # bring rest "give peace" - diff --git a/jer/50/35.md b/jer/50/35.md index f0181ed4d6..090201e427 100644 --- a/jer/50/35.md +++ b/jer/50/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sword" represents war. Alternate translation: "War will soon happen to ... # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/36.md b/jer/50/36.md index a17a0e868d..772dd87cd0 100644 --- a/jer/50/36.md +++ b/jer/50/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "sword" represents war. Alternate translation: "War will soon happen to" (S # They will be filled with terror "they will be terrified" - diff --git a/jer/50/37.md b/jer/50/37.md index a209b892d1..ea0b85c5f3 100644 --- a/jer/50/37.md +++ b/jer/50/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A storeroom is a place where supplies or valuables are kept. # they will be plundered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "enemy soldiers will plunder them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/38.md b/jer/50/38.md index cd3c4e7119..148791262e 100644 --- a/jer/50/38.md +++ b/jer/50/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # her waters Here "waters" represent all the sources of water for the Babylonians, especially the river that went through the city. - diff --git a/jer/50/39.md b/jer/50/39.md index c279773c51..7a682fe8ea 100644 --- a/jer/50/39.md +++ b/jer/50/39.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that Babylon will be complet # she will not be lived in This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will live in her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/40.md b/jer/50/40.md index 17cf485948..46b6772324 100644 --- a/jer/50/40.md +++ b/jer/50/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no one will live there; no person will stay in her These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that Babylon will be completely uninhabited. They can be combined. Alternate translation: "no one will ever live there again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/41.md b/jer/50/41.md index 104039e0cf..016cf37fbc 100644 --- a/jer/50/41.md +++ b/jer/50/41.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase refers to the time when the Medes and Persians conquered Babylon in # are being stirred up from the farthest parts of the earth Being "stirred up" represents being urged to take action. Alternate translation: "are preparing to come from the most distant places on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/42.md b/jer/50/42.md index 0ebcd1044d..a9b512ac44 100644 --- a/jer/50/42.md +++ b/jer/50/42.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "set out in order" means that they have organized themselves and are # daughter of Babylon This phrase refers to the Babylonian people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/43.md b/jer/50/43.md index dd503b1d20..9ada27a912 100644 --- a/jer/50/43.md +++ b/jer/50/43.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ suffering and grief that would bring a person to tears # like a woman giving birth The anguish that they feel because the enemy coming to attack them is compared to the anguish that a woman feels when she is about to give birth to a baby. Alternate translation: "like a woman who is about to give birth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/44.md b/jer/50/44.md index 657c9779a7..1904754994 100644 --- a/jer/50/44.md +++ b/jer/50/44.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that no one is like him. Alternate transl # What shepherd is able to resist me? Yahweh uses this question to show no one can defeat him. Here "shepherd" is a metaphor for "king" or "ruler." Alternate translation: "No king is able to resist me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/45.md b/jer/50/45.md index 19612fb710..b0b1361d42 100644 --- a/jer/50/45.md +++ b/jer/50/45.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the youngest and weakest people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were th # Their pasturelands will be turned into ruined places Here the land of Babylonia is spoken of as if it were pasturelands for flocks. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He will turn their pasturelands into ruined places" or "He will completely destroy the people who live there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/50/46.md b/jer/50/46.md index 5f05d1ea18..ddecc16d59 100644 --- a/jer/50/46.md +++ b/jer/50/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ pain or unhappiness # their shout of distress "their shout of pain" - diff --git a/jer/50/intro.md b/jer/50/intro.md index 60af73c738..e8f09efc8f 100644 --- a/jer/50/intro.md +++ b/jer/50/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Jeremiah 50 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 50:1-5, 6-46. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Babylon destroyed +### Babylon destroyed Babylon will be conquered and the Jews will return to their homeland. At this time, Babylon controlled almost the entire Near East. The fulfillment of this prophecy would have been unthinkable. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Israel +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Israel + The author sometimes uses the term "Israel" to refer to the people of the old northern kingdom of Israel, and at other times to the nation of Israel as a whole. He switches between these uses several times without warning the reader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ The author sometimes uses the term "Israel" to refer to the people of the old no * __[Jeremiah 50:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../49/intro.md) | [>>](../51/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/51/01.md b/jer/51/01.md index 27ff577059..0d633d3a3d 100644 --- a/jer/51/01.md +++ b/jer/51/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "a wind that destroys" or 2) "the spirit of a destroyer # Leb Kamai This is code name for Chaldea, a region of Babylonia. It is not clear why Jeremiah uses this name here, so you may want to translate as "Chaldea" or "Babylonia." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/02.md b/jer/51/02.md index a9eb17277c..6ec00e6ab1 100644 --- a/jer/51/02.md +++ b/jer/51/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "her," a metaphor that refers to Babylon as if it were a woman, is also # on the day of disaster The phrase "day of" is a Hebrew idiom for "when." Alternate translation: "when I destroy Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/03.md b/jer/51/03.md index a966c5990f..7f218b3549 100644 --- a/jer/51/03.md +++ b/jer/51/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not let ... do not let Yahweh wants the attack to be so sudden that the archers have no time to prepare for battle. - diff --git a/jer/51/04.md b/jer/51/04.md index 9c38cffe0a..153267a62f 100644 --- a/jer/51/04.md +++ b/jer/51/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who are thrust through This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom the attackers thrust through" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/05.md b/jer/51/05.md index 09a96b767c..621df6738a 100644 --- a/jer/51/05.md +++ b/jer/51/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "Israel" and "Judah" are metonyms for the people of Israel and Judah. # their land is filled with offenses committed against the Holy One of Israel The land in which they live is spoken of as if it were a container and their offenses as if they were solid objects that could fill the container. The abstract noun "offenses" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "they have offended the Holy One of Israel everywhere throughout the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/06.md b/jer/51/06.md index 22b83b8cad..f9113eefeb 100644 --- a/jer/51/06.md +++ b/jer/51/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Babylon is spoken of as if it were a woman. The word "iniquity" is a metonym for # will repay all of it to her Babylon is spoken of as if it were a woman, and the iniquity of the people is spoken of as if Yahweh needed to pay back a debt. The word "her," meaning Babylon, is a metonym for the people of Babylon. Alternate translation: "will punish the Babylonians as much as they deserve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/07.md b/jer/51/07.md index f529d04a27..959eba9abb 100644 --- a/jer/51/07.md +++ b/jer/51/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Babylon defeated and destroyed other nations" or 2) "n # insane unable to think clearly - diff --git a/jer/51/08.md b/jer/51/08.md index 8c73f72f0d..4ca9bdcb57 100644 --- a/jer/51/08.md +++ b/jer/51/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ to make a long, loud cry that shows that the person is sad # perhaps she can be healed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "perhaps Yahweh can heal her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/09.md b/jer/51/09.md index 6260a41085..b1340297e4 100644 --- a/jer/51/09.md +++ b/jer/51/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "we have not been # For her guilt reaches up to the heavens; it is piled up to the clouds Guilt is spoken of as if it were an object that could be made into a pile. The words "to the heavens" and "to the clouds" are an exaggeration for something that is very high. Alternate translation: "For Babylon is so very guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/10.md b/jer/51/10.md index ad197b8c5b..a1dbd930be 100644 --- a/jer/51/10.md +++ b/jer/51/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh has brought about our vindication Yahweh had punished the Israelites for their sins, but now has let them return to him. - diff --git a/jer/51/11.md b/jer/51/11.md index 41f009e5f2..8a2bb17549 100644 --- a/jer/51/11.md +++ b/jer/51/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jeremiah is speaking to the people of Jerusalem as if he were speaking to the people of Babylon and their enemies, who cannot hear him, telling them that Yahweh will destroy Babylon before the Babylonians can prepare to defend themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/12.md b/jer/51/12.md index 9768a7e9c7..2916b8b7cf 100644 --- a/jer/51/12.md +++ b/jer/51/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # prepare the ambushes This was done in order to catch anyone running from the city. - diff --git a/jer/51/13.md b/jer/51/13.md index 272268cb60..747e38c07e 100644 --- a/jer/51/13.md +++ b/jer/51/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah continues to speak to the people of Jerusalem as if he were speaking to # The thread of your life is now cut short The people's lives are spoken of as if they were threads that God could cut. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Your lives will be ended quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/14.md b/jer/51/14.md index 136b738b1f..42b1eaa22a 100644 --- a/jer/51/14.md +++ b/jer/51/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The large number of enemy soldiers is spoken of as if they were a mass of locust # battle cry This is a shout that a soldier makes in battle. - diff --git a/jer/51/15.md b/jer/51/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/51/15.md +++ b/jer/51/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/51/16.md b/jer/51/16.md index ccce874d15..2aa02b59b8 100644 --- a/jer/51/16.md +++ b/jer/51/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases compare the voice of Yahweh to the loud sound made by thunder and # storehouses A storehouse is a building where people keep things they might want to use in the future. - diff --git a/jer/51/17.md b/jer/51/17.md index 121e1bfdeb..7954aa5e56 100644 --- a/jer/51/17.md +++ b/jer/51/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate many of the words in this verse as in [Jeremiah 10:14](../10/14.md). # Every metalworker is put to shame by his idols This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Every metalworker's idols put him to shame" or "As for every metalworker, his idols shame him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/18.md b/jer/51/18.md index 938b508582..63ae7d5b77 100644 --- a/jer/51/18.md +++ b/jer/51/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate many of the words in this verse as in [Jeremiah 10:15](../10/15.md). # they will perish at the time of their punishment This speaks of the final destruction of the idols. Alternate translation: "there will be a time when God will destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/19.md b/jer/51/19.md index 90367a1c65..af11f92680 100644 --- a/jer/51/19.md +++ b/jer/51/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Jacob" represents the people of Israel. God being their "portion" is an id # Israel is the tribe of his inheritance This speaks of Israel belonging to Yahweh as if it were something that Yahweh gained through inheritance. Alternate translation: "The tribe of Israel belongs to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/20.md b/jer/51/20.md index 4ba75defa3..8e4d7c1e23 100644 --- a/jer/51/20.md +++ b/jer/51/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of punishing people as if he were smashing them with a hammer. Alt # With you I will "I will use you to" - diff --git a/jer/51/21.md b/jer/51/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/51/21.md +++ b/jer/51/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/51/22.md b/jer/51/22.md index 5ec9ff74d9..05651f7f6c 100644 --- a/jer/51/22.md +++ b/jer/51/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of punishing people as if he were smashing them with a hammer. See # With you I will "I will use you to." See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 51:20](../51/20.md). - diff --git a/jer/51/23.md b/jer/51/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/51/23.md +++ b/jer/51/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/51/24.md b/jer/51/24.md index 959e91ef23..e991478606 100644 --- a/jer/51/24.md +++ b/jer/51/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "sight" can be expressed with the verb "see." Alternate transl # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/25.md b/jer/51/25.md index e265379021..c437838a51 100644 --- a/jer/51/25.md +++ b/jer/51/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of Babylon as no longer being the great "mountain of destruction" # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/26.md b/jer/51/26.md index cecdcd7dd6..7297d7612f 100644 --- a/jer/51/26.md +++ b/jer/51/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will become an everlasting devastation The abstract noun "devastation" can be translated as a verb "devastate." Alternate translation: "I will devastate you and no one will ever rebuild you" or "I will turn you into an empty place where no one will ever live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/27.md b/jer/51/27.md index 0f63e6f01e..d979ac38fd 100644 --- a/jer/51/27.md +++ b/jer/51/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are names of nations or people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # bring up horses like swarming locusts Yahweh compares a great number of horses to a swarm of locusts. Alternate translation: "bring many horses with soldiers quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/28.md b/jer/51/28.md index 39c863ce8d..5eb090be94 100644 --- a/jer/51/28.md +++ b/jer/51/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # governors ... officials See how you translated these words in [Jeremiah 51:23](../51/23.md). - diff --git a/jer/51/29.md b/jer/51/29.md index c1813a9f2e..16877ea308 100644 --- a/jer/51/29.md +++ b/jer/51/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The city of Babylon is a metonym for the people of Babylon. Alternate translatio # there is no inhabitant "no one lives" - diff --git a/jer/51/30.md b/jer/51/30.md index 3934d2e23c..15d5d50b1f 100644 --- a/jer/51/30.md +++ b/jer/51/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of what will happen as if it had already happened. (See: [[rc://en # her homes are on fire, the bars of her gates are broken The city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate translation: "the homes in the city are on fire, the bars of the city gates are broken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/31.md b/jer/51/31.md index dc32b5bad5..7303a444e2 100644 --- a/jer/51/31.md +++ b/jer/51/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his city has been taken This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the enemies have overcome the whole city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/32.md b/jer/51/32.md index 0b01f66974..4d1e4fb3b2 100644 --- a/jer/51/32.md +++ b/jer/51/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ places with shallow water and grasses growing in deep mud # confused unable to think clearly - diff --git a/jer/51/33.md b/jer/51/33.md index 0fb5d8404a..ad47247b40 100644 --- a/jer/51/33.md +++ b/jer/51/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh punishing the daughter of Babylon is spoken of as if he were trampling an # the time of harvest will come to her The harvest is a metaphor for the result of the actions that the people did before. Babylon will experience the result of its people's sins. Alternate translation: "God will punish her for her sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/34.md b/jer/51/34.md index 52aeaa8a2a..fda92449ac 100644 --- a/jer/51/34.md +++ b/jer/51/34.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This continues to speak of Babylon as if it were a monster. This states in anoth # he has spit me out Nebuchadnezzar took what he wanted and spit out what he did not want. Alternate translation: "he has vomited me up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/35.md b/jer/51/35.md index 433e8631ba..509eb6e1f0 100644 --- a/jer/51/35.md +++ b/jer/51/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All of these phrases refer to a woman. # inhabitants of Chaldea "people who live in Chaldea" - diff --git a/jer/51/36.md b/jer/51/36.md index 86c07acad2..9e191a7257 100644 --- a/jer/51/36.md +++ b/jer/51/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins Yahweh's reply to Jerusalem's request in verses 34 and 35. # I am about to plead your case and bring about vengeance Yahweh defending his people is spoken of as if he were a lawyer pleading their case in court. Alternate translation: "I will be like your lawyer to defend you and I will bring about vengeance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/37.md b/jer/51/37.md index 53d30b30a6..9d0378c065 100644 --- a/jer/51/37.md +++ b/jer/51/37.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a sound people make to show that they dislike something very much # there are no inhabitants "no one lives" - diff --git a/jer/51/38.md b/jer/51/38.md index 928ec42050..7eeb71aa9c 100644 --- a/jer/51/38.md +++ b/jer/51/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ loud sound made by a lion # growl a sound animals make to frighten other animals - diff --git a/jer/51/39.md b/jer/51/39.md index 133d890aa0..33628a3b78 100644 --- a/jer/51/39.md +++ b/jer/51/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # become joyful As a soldier is joyful when he defeats a strong enemy. Another possible meaning is "are very drunk" . - diff --git a/jer/51/40.md b/jer/51/40.md index 575d2e008f..c62e4713fe 100644 --- a/jer/51/40.md +++ b/jer/51/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like lambs ... male goats Lambs and goats do not know before it happens that people are going to slaughter them, and the Babylonians will not know before it happens that Yahweh is going to destroy them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/41.md b/jer/51/41.md index 0420cbb306..6b62cfcfbd 100644 --- a/jer/51/41.md +++ b/jer/51/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "how" here shows that something that people thought was impossible has # the praise of all the earth is seized The word "praise" is a metonym for the thing that people praised, and the word "earth" is a metonym for the people living on the earth. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "enemies have seized Babylon, the nation that everyone on earth praised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/42.md b/jer/51/42.md index 14a8d7907e..276aa7584f 100644 --- a/jer/51/42.md +++ b/jer/51/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Babylon's enemies have overcome her. "Waves" represent many people groups overco # She is covered with its roaring waves This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Its roaring waves have covered her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/43.md b/jer/51/43.md index 6f7e8506fe..174e006b5e 100644 --- a/jer/51/43.md +++ b/jer/51/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Her cities "Babylon's cities" - diff --git a/jer/51/44.md b/jer/51/44.md index 37fe3d38d8..006ce2070b 100644 --- a/jer/51/44.md +++ b/jer/51/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh compares all the sacrifices and offerings to Bel to things he ate. (See: # the nations will no longer flow The many nations that come to Babylon to sacrifice to Bel is spoken of as a river that moves along. Alternate translation: "the people of other nations will no longer come in large groups" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/45.md b/jer/51/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/51/45.md +++ b/jer/51/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/51/46.md b/jer/51/46.md index e6cd14f8b0..88618e2f2b 100644 --- a/jer/51/46.md +++ b/jer/51/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when you hear the new # Ruler will be against ruler The ruler is a metonym for the nations under his control. Alternate translation: "Nations will fight against other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/47.md b/jer/51/47.md index 9fb6edd12e..70eb488872 100644 --- a/jer/51/47.md +++ b/jer/51/47.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Removing the idols of Babylon is spoken of as if Yahweh would punish the idols. # Babylon ... her land ... her slaughtered ones ... her midst The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate translation: "the people of Babylon ... their land ... their slaughtered ones ... their midst" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/48.md b/jer/51/48.md index 34af73e401..5435528b4e 100644 --- a/jer/51/48.md +++ b/jer/51/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Heaven and earth are viewed as if they were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/49.md b/jer/51/49.md index dbd43b0ddc..386239df00 100644 --- a/jer/51/49.md +++ b/jer/51/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the cit # the killed of all her land "those whom the Babylonians' enemies have killed in the land" - diff --git a/jer/51/50.md b/jer/51/50.md index 2dbc52491b..cb824c889f 100644 --- a/jer/51/50.md +++ b/jer/51/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The sword is a metonym for war, in which soldiers use swords. Alternate translat # Call Yahweh to mind from far away; let Jerusalem come to mind The phrases "Call ... to mind" and "come to mind" are idioms that mean to think about or remember. Alternate translation: "Though you are far away, think about Yahweh; think about Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/51.md b/jer/51/51.md index 00732493ec..725f7e6321 100644 --- a/jer/51/51.md +++ b/jer/51/51.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ # we have been insulted This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "people have insulted us" or "people have scorned us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - + # shame has covered our faces Possible meanings are 1) "our faces show that we feel very ashamed" or 2) "we cover our faces because we feel ashamed." - diff --git a/jer/51/52.md b/jer/51/52.md index e563713f8f..dd213c9902 100644 --- a/jer/51/52.md +++ b/jer/51/52.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the cit # groan to cry out because of pain or sadness - diff --git a/jer/51/53.md b/jer/51/53.md index e5846412a8..e2a078a444 100644 --- a/jer/51/53.md +++ b/jer/51/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God says this to assure Israel that it does not matter how strong Babylon might # destroyers would come from me to her This can be expressed with God as the subject. The word "her" refers to Babylon. Alternate translation: "I would send destroyers to her" or "I would send enemies to destroy Babylon" - diff --git a/jer/51/54.md b/jer/51/54.md index 9667506f9e..69318efdfc 100644 --- a/jer/51/54.md +++ b/jer/51/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A cry of distress came from Babylon, great destruction from the land of the Chaldeans The same thought is expressed in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/55.md b/jer/51/55.md index 1595c46d2b..a6bd41e61e 100644 --- a/jer/51/55.md +++ b/jer/51/55.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the cit # enemies roar like the waves of many waters The waves of the ocean and of flooding rivers make a loud sound, and the enemies will make a very loud sound as they come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/56.md b/jer/51/56.md index 34a8ff7d6c..5310dd1053 100644 --- a/jer/51/56.md +++ b/jer/51/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the cit # her warriors have been captured This phrase can be changed to have an active verb. Alternate translation: "her enemies have captured her warriors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/57.md b/jer/51/57.md index 58c4df125b..c17ad81ce0 100644 --- a/jer/51/57.md +++ b/jer/51/57.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the cit # they will sleep in an unending sleep and never wake up They will be dead. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 51:39](../51/39.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/58.md b/jer/51/58.md index 320c3bf347..fd567e1e0f 100644 --- a/jer/51/58.md +++ b/jer/51/58.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will burn he # everything ... will be burned up This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will burn up everything that the nations try to do for her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/59.md b/jer/51/59.md index 6196d7a43f..08a8b40949 100644 --- a/jer/51/59.md +++ b/jer/51/59.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in the fourth year of his reign "after he had been king for three years." This "fourth" is the ordinal number for four. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jer/51/60.md b/jer/51/60.md index 130842d084..24edbd7876 100644 --- a/jer/51/60.md +++ b/jer/51/60.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that were written about Babylon This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that he had written about Babylon" - diff --git a/jer/51/61.md b/jer/51/61.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/51/61.md +++ b/jer/51/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/51/62.md b/jer/51/62.md index bfecbcd6f8..83ae888cd4 100644 --- a/jer/51/62.md +++ b/jer/51/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # animal If your language has a word for animals that normally live with people, you might want to use it here, because [Jeremiah 51:37](../51/37.md) states that Babylon will be inhabited by wild animals. - diff --git a/jer/51/63.md b/jer/51/63.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/51/63.md +++ b/jer/51/63.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/51/64.md b/jer/51/64.md index 4eea094140..67e361549e 100644 --- a/jer/51/64.md +++ b/jer/51/64.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The stone and scroll will disappear in the water, the water will destroy the scr # they will fall This means the Babylonians will fall because they are exhausted. Many translations do not include these words. - diff --git a/jer/51/intro.md b/jer/51/intro.md index 6b9430d45a..353fd67d14 100644 --- a/jer/51/intro.md +++ b/jer/51/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Jeremiah 51 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 51:1-64. The prophesied destruction of Babylon continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Babylon destroyed +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Babylon destroyed Babylon will be conquered and the Jews will return to their homeland. At this time, Babylon controlled almost the entire Near East. The fulfillment of this prophecy would have been unthinkable. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) -#### Covenant with Abraham +### Covenant with Abraham + Babylon is destroyed because it drove the people of Judah from their homeland. This is in line with the promises of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham to curse those who curse Abraham's descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Babylon is destroyed because it drove the people of Judah from their homeland. T * __[Jeremiah 51:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../50/intro.md) | [>>](../52/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jer/52/01.md b/jer/52/01.md index e844c86535..5e6be5dc48 100644 --- a/jer/52/01.md +++ b/jer/52/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jeremiah This refers to another man named Jeremiah, not the prophet Jeremiah who wrote this book. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/02.md b/jer/52/02.md index 5abad0d0c4..0e0a763324 100644 --- a/jer/52/02.md +++ b/jer/52/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considers to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/03.md b/jer/52/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/52/03.md +++ b/jer/52/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/52/04.md b/jer/52/04.md index e38ee1d90a..3b845b7de2 100644 --- a/jer/52/04.md +++ b/jer/52/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the beginn # They camped opposite it "Nebuchadnezzar's army camped opposite Jerusalem" - diff --git a/jer/52/05.md b/jer/52/05.md index 3e4cb55cf1..b9afca9a6b 100644 --- a/jer/52/05.md +++ b/jer/52/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ until Zedekiah had been king for more than ten years (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # So the city was besieged This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "So they besieged the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/06.md b/jer/52/06.md index 5a2452a1f8..8649235cf2 100644 --- a/jer/52/06.md +++ b/jer/52/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the fourth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the dry season. Th # city This refers to Jerusalem. - diff --git a/jer/52/07.md b/jer/52/07.md index 0eda7a227b..64904e3290 100644 --- a/jer/52/07.md +++ b/jer/52/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Babylonians b # the two walls the wall of the king's garden and the wall of the city - diff --git a/jer/52/08.md b/jer/52/08.md index 4fe877ccae..056b0f5909 100644 --- a/jer/52/08.md +++ b/jer/52/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ flat land # All his army was scattered This can be translated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "the Chaldeans scattered his entire army" or 2) "all of his soldiers ran away in different directions." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/09.md b/jer/52/09.md index 51c6f86624..5c41238829 100644 --- a/jer/52/09.md +++ b/jer/52/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Riblah was a town in the territory of Hamath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transla # passed sentence on him "decided how to punish him" - diff --git a/jer/52/10.md b/jer/52/10.md index 449f850aab..0f7e418035 100644 --- a/jer/52/10.md +++ b/jer/52/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # slaughtered Zedekiah's sons before his own eyes The eyes are a synecdoche for the whole person. The reader should also understand that others probably helped the king of Babylon kill Zedekiah's sons. Alternate translation: "forced Zedekiah to watch as the king of Babylon slaughtered Zedekiah's sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/11.md b/jer/52/11.md index c180d9a8fb..5586b1a53a 100644 --- a/jer/52/11.md +++ b/jer/52/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the day of his death the day of Zedekiah's death - diff --git a/jer/52/12.md b/jer/52/12.md index 30d2607b29..ffc5995f39 100644 --- a/jer/52/12.md +++ b/jer/52/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # bodyguards people whose job is to protect someone - diff --git a/jer/52/13.md b/jer/52/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/52/13.md +++ b/jer/52/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/52/14.md b/jer/52/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/52/14.md +++ b/jer/52/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/52/15.md b/jer/52/15.md index 4a09369c7c..0aac956df5 100644 --- a/jer/52/15.md +++ b/jer/52/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nebuzaradan This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/16.md b/jer/52/16.md index f5cadca829..cf0f2303fc 100644 --- a/jer/52/16.md +++ b/jer/52/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the poorest of the land "the poorest people who lived on the land" - diff --git a/jer/52/17.md b/jer/52/17.md index 1950934fba..162037db71 100644 --- a/jer/52/17.md +++ b/jer/52/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Sea This is a basin of water used in the worship of Yahweh. - diff --git a/jer/52/18.md b/jer/52/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/52/18.md +++ b/jer/52/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/52/19.md b/jer/52/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/52/19.md +++ b/jer/52/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/52/20.md b/jer/52/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/52/20.md +++ b/jer/52/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/52/21.md b/jer/52/21.md index 4d3170337a..2755ae2be5 100644 --- a/jer/52/21.md +++ b/jer/52/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A cubit was about 46 centimeters long. Alternate translation: "18 cubits ... 12 # hollow The pillars had empty space inside them. - diff --git a/jer/52/22.md b/jer/52/22.md index 6d8ecf8f10..08b4be6716 100644 --- a/jer/52/22.md +++ b/jer/52/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the top part of each pillar. # five cubits A cubit was about 46 centimeters long. Alternate translation: "5 cubits" or "about 2.3 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/23.md b/jer/52/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/52/23.md +++ b/jer/52/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/52/24.md b/jer/52/24.md index 3c1be8e070..d86cbe363d 100644 --- a/jer/52/24.md +++ b/jer/52/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 36:26](../36/26.md). # gatekeepers people who guard the gate of a city - diff --git a/jer/52/25.md b/jer/52/25.md index 36fa09a86d..74bd91b17a 100644 --- a/jer/52/25.md +++ b/jer/52/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # drafting men into the army "forcing men to fight in the army" - diff --git a/jer/52/26.md b/jer/52/26.md index 4096a346a1..06b228ba37 100644 --- a/jer/52/26.md +++ b/jer/52/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 39:9](../39/09.md). (See: [[ # Riblah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/27.md b/jer/52/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/52/27.md +++ b/jer/52/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/52/28.md b/jer/52/28.md index d0c2a369fe..8409dcb68a 100644 --- a/jer/52/28.md +++ b/jer/52/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 3,023 "three thousand and twenty-three" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/29.md b/jer/52/29.md index 77a4722055..f5b853b6d4 100644 --- a/jer/52/29.md +++ b/jer/52/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 832 "teight hundred and thirty-two" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/30.md b/jer/52/30.md index e9e29d38d2..080a3c5831 100644 --- a/jer/52/30.md +++ b/jer/52/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Jeremiah 39:9](../39/09.md). # 745 ... 4,600 "seven hundred and forty-five ... four thousand six hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/31.md b/jer/52/31.md index 761516c06e..c4937ca24b 100644 --- a/jer/52/31.md +++ b/jer/52/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. # Awel-Marduk He became the king of Babylon after Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/32.md b/jer/52/32.md index dac1383ce8..06bbe016a0 100644 --- a/jer/52/32.md +++ b/jer/52/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a seat more honorable "a seat at the table that was closer to where Awel-Marduk sat" - diff --git a/jer/52/33.md b/jer/52/33.md index c807dc66c7..82f04e67c5 100644 --- a/jer/52/33.md +++ b/jer/52/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # removed Jehoiachin's prison clothes The reader should understand that removing his prison clothes represents making him a free man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jer/52/34.md b/jer/52/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jer/52/34.md +++ b/jer/52/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jer/52/intro.md b/jer/52/intro.md index cc63ef3582..f9589de91e 100644 --- a/jer/52/intro.md +++ b/jer/52/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Jeremiah 52 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The chapter returns to a previous sequence of events and records Babylon's conquering of Judah. It also records the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The chapter returns to a previous sequence of events and records Babylon's conqu * __[Jeremiah 52:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../51/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/jer/front/intro.md b/jer/front/intro.md index a22e2f9d7f..f0deeb5f3d 100644 --- a/jer/front/intro.md +++ b/jer/front/intro.md @@ -6,29 +6,37 @@ 1. Yahweh calls Jeremiah to be a prophet (1:1-19) 1. Yahweh will judge and punish Judah (2:1-29:32) - - Judah called to repent of spiritual adultery (2:1–6:30) - - Judah judged for its false religion (7:1–10:16) - - Jeremiah stands between Yahweh and his people (11:1–20:19) - - Jeremiah confronts his people (21:1–29:32) + + - Judah called to repent of spiritual adultery (2:1–6:30) + - Judah judged for its false religion (7:1–10:16) + - Jeremiah stands between Yahweh and his people (11:1–20:19) + - Jeremiah confronts his people (21:1–29:32) + 1. Yahweh promises to restore Judah (30:1-33:26) - - Yahweh will bring the people of Judah back to their land (30:1–24) - - Yahweh will create a new covenant with them (31:1–40) - - The people will come back (32:1–44) - - Kings descended from David will rule again (33:1–26) + + - Yahweh will bring the people of Judah back to their land (30:1–24) + - Yahweh will create a new covenant with them (31:1–40) + - The people will come back (32:1–44) + - Kings descended from David will rule again (33:1–26) + 1. Jeremiah suffers (34:1-45:5) - - Before Yahweh punishes Judah (34:1–36:32) - - While Yahweh punishes Judah (37:1–39:18) - - After Yahweh punishes Judah (40:1–45:5) + + - Before Yahweh punishes Judah (34:1–36:32) + - While Yahweh punishes Judah (37:1–39:18) + - After Yahweh punishes Judah (40:1–45:5) + 1. Yahweh will judge and punish the nations (46:1-51:64) - - Egypt (46:1–28) - - Philistia (47:1–28) - - Moab (48:1–47) - - Ammon (49:1–6) - - Edom (49:7–22) - - Damascus (49:23–27) - - Kedar (49:28–33) - - Elam (49:34–39) - - Babylonia (50:1–51:64) + + - Egypt (46:1–28) + - Philistia (47:1–28) + - Moab (48:1–47) + - Ammon (49:1–6) + - Edom (49:7–22) + - Damascus (49:23–27) + - Kedar (49:28–33) + - Elam (49:34–39) + - Babylonia (50:1–51:64) + 1. Jerusalem captured and destroyed (52:1–34) ### What is the Book of Jeremiah about? @@ -37,7 +45,7 @@ The Book of Jeremiah gives the prophesies of a priest named Jeremiah. It also te Jeremiah began prophesying about 626 B.C. After the death of King Josiah, many groups of people in Israel opposed Jeremiah. Some of these people wanted to depend on Egypt to protect the nation. Others were idol worshipers. They hated Jeremiah for denouncing their gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) -During the reign of King Jehoiakim, Jeremiah prophesied about the temple of Yahweh. King Jehoiakim received some of these prophecies in writing and burned the document. The next king, Zedekiah, put Jeremiah in prison when he told the king to surrender to Babylon. +During the reign of King Jehoiakim, Jeremiah prophesied about the temple of Yahweh. King Jehoiakim received some of these prophecies in writing and burned the document. The next king, Zedekiah, put Jeremiah in prison when he told the king to surrender to Babylon. King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylonia invaded Judah in 597 B.C. He conquered Jerusalem in 587 B.C. He offered Jeremiah housing and money if Jeremiah would go to Babylon. But Jeremiah remained in Jerusalem to help the few Jews left there. @@ -70,4 +78,3 @@ Many of the events in the Book of Jeremiah are not told in the order that they a ### Why does the Book of Jeremiah refer to this prophet as "he" or "him"? Many times in the book, the author refers to Jeremiah as "Jeremiah" or "he." This is unusual if Jeremiah wrote the book. The reason this occurs is perhaps because Baruch, Jeremiah's secretary, wrote down some parts of the book. Translators should keep the words "Jeremiah" and "he." - diff --git a/jhn/01/01.md b/jhn/01/01.md index 61e17a0a7f..778d9b7e06 100644 --- a/jhn/01/01.md +++ b/jhn/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the very earliest time before God created the heavens and the ear # the Word This refers to Jesus. Translate as "the Word" if possible. If "Word" is feminine in your language, it could be translated as "the one who is called the Word." - diff --git a/jhn/01/02.md b/jhn/01/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/02.md +++ b/jhn/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/03.md b/jhn/01/03.md index 0ce69a7ff3..377ede7182 100644 --- a/jhn/01/03.md +++ b/jhn/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: "God made all # without him there was not one thing made that has been made This can be translated with an active verb. If your language does not permit double negatives, these words should communicate that the opposite of "all things were made through him" is false. Alternate translation: "God did not make anything without him" or "with him there was every thing made that has been made" or "God made with him every thing that God has made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/04.md b/jhn/01/04.md index 5ad2d56dbe..8a847f4cd6 100644 --- a/jhn/01/04.md +++ b/jhn/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "him" refers to the one who is called the Word. # life Here use a general term for "life." If you must be more specific, translate as "spiritual life." - diff --git a/jhn/01/05.md b/jhn/01/05.md index d7c4e0839e..368885f8e4 100644 --- a/jhn/01/05.md +++ b/jhn/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness did not overcome it Here "light" is a metaphor for what is true and good. Here "darkness" is a metaphor what is false and evil. Alternate translation: "The truth is like a light shining into a dark place, and no one in the dark place could put out the light" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/06.md b/jhn/01/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/06.md +++ b/jhn/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/07.md b/jhn/01/07.md index f4cbe63807..3edabfa56c 100644 --- a/jhn/01/07.md +++ b/jhn/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # testify about the light Here "light" is a metaphor for the revelation of God in Jesus. Alternate translation: "show how Jesus is like the true light of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/08.md b/jhn/01/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/08.md +++ b/jhn/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/09.md b/jhn/01/09.md index ae007ac498..b72b3b5b70 100644 --- a/jhn/01/09.md +++ b/jhn/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The true light Here light is a metaphor that represents Jesus as the one who both reveals the truth about God and is himself that truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/10.md b/jhn/01/10.md index c7f76e8721..d9396d79e3 100644 --- a/jhn/01/10.md +++ b/jhn/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the world did not know him The "world" is a metonym that stands for all the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "the people did not know who he really was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/11.md b/jhn/01/11.md index b91e2a2cc2..2d884bd6bd 100644 --- a/jhn/01/11.md +++ b/jhn/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # receive him "accept him." To receive someone is to welcome him and treat him with honor in hopes of building a relationship with him. - diff --git a/jhn/01/12.md b/jhn/01/12.md index fdc2b89985..3ebf0a54fc 100644 --- a/jhn/01/12.md +++ b/jhn/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "name" is a metonym that stands for Jesus's identity and everything abo # children of God The word "children" is a metaphor that represents our relationship to God, which is like children to a father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/13.md b/jhn/01/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/13.md +++ b/jhn/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/14.md b/jhn/01/14.md index 0c09e68fae..7da86c4f2a 100644 --- a/jhn/01/14.md +++ b/jhn/01/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # full of grace "full of kind acts towards us, acts we do not deserve" - diff --git a/jhn/01/15.md b/jhn/01/15.md index f88fe9517f..7f9724f7c2 100644 --- a/jhn/01/15.md +++ b/jhn/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John is speaking about Jesus. The phrase "comes after me" means that John's mini # for he was before me Be careful not to translate this in a way that suggests that Jesus is more important because he is older than John in human years. Jesus is greater and more important than John because he is God the Son, who has always been alive. - diff --git a/jhn/01/16.md b/jhn/01/16.md index c8d24e45a7..825edd143a 100644 --- a/jhn/01/16.md +++ b/jhn/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word refers to God's grace that has no end. # grace after grace "blessing after blessing" - diff --git a/jhn/01/17.md b/jhn/01/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/17.md +++ b/jhn/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/18.md b/jhn/01/18.md index 806ee9a7ea..01a35e2a4e 100644 --- a/jhn/01/18.md +++ b/jhn/01/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Greek word that is translated here as "only" is translated by some as "only # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/19.md b/jhn/01/19.md index 8086007d3b..aca60e2e00 100644 --- a/jhn/01/19.md +++ b/jhn/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Jews sent The word "Jews" here represents the "Jewish leaders." Alternate translation: "the Jewish leaders sent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/20.md b/jhn/01/20.md index 698f5ec01a..93cd8f596a 100644 --- a/jhn/01/20.md +++ b/jhn/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He confessed—he did not deny, but confessed The phrase "he did not deny" says in negative terms the same thing that "He confessed" says in positive terms. This emphasizes that John was telling the truth and was strongly stating that he was not the Christ. Your language may have a different way of doing this. - diff --git a/jhn/01/21.md b/jhn/01/21.md index eed42879cf..f93807df59 100644 --- a/jhn/01/21.md +++ b/jhn/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What are you then? "What then is the case, if you are not the Messiah?" or "What then is going on?" or "What then are you doing?" - diff --git a/jhn/01/22.md b/jhn/01/22.md index 9d2de901da..be67b7b218 100644 --- a/jhn/01/22.md +++ b/jhn/01/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John continues to speak with the priests and Levites. # we ... us the priests and Levites, not John (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/23.md b/jhn/01/23.md index c7b5439e6a..a8a396d551 100644 --- a/jhn/01/23.md +++ b/jhn/01/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John is saying that Isaiah's prophecy is about himself. The word "voice" here re # Make the way of the Lord straight Here the word "way" is used as a metaphor. Alternate translation: "Prepare yourselves for the Lord's arrival the same way that people prepare the road for an important person to use" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/24.md b/jhn/01/24.md index a3eedb1acc..73864d0146 100644 --- a/jhn/01/24.md +++ b/jhn/01/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now some from the Pharisees This is background information about the people who questioned John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/25.md b/jhn/01/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/25.md +++ b/jhn/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/26.md b/jhn/01/26.md index 560d87b060..fc0e96874b 100644 --- a/jhn/01/26.md +++ b/jhn/01/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verse 28 tells us background information about the setting of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/27.md b/jhn/01/27.md index a7707e039c..827ca63c25 100644 --- a/jhn/01/27.md +++ b/jhn/01/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John is speaking about Jesus. The phrase "comes after me" means that John's mini # me, the strap of whose sandal I am not worthy to untie Untying sandals was the work of a slave or servant. These words are a metaphor for the most unpleasant work of a servant. Alternate translation: "me, whom I am not worthy to serve in even the most unpleasant way" or "me. I am not even worthy to untie the strap of his sandal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/28.md b/jhn/01/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/28.md +++ b/jhn/01/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/29.md b/jhn/01/29.md index a8e3d66f9b..7d84084f4a 100644 --- a/jhn/01/29.md +++ b/jhn/01/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metaphor that represents God's perfect sacrifice. Jesus is called the # world The word "world" is a metonym and refers to all the people in the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/30.md b/jhn/01/30.md index 6abbbd21c6..dd6e6bddcc 100644 --- a/jhn/01/30.md +++ b/jhn/01/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The one who comes after me is more than me, for he was before me See how you translated this in [John 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/jhn/01/31.md b/jhn/01/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/31.md +++ b/jhn/01/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/32.md b/jhn/01/32.md index ce7d356662..8751c6271d 100644 --- a/jhn/01/32.md +++ b/jhn/01/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings: 1) the Spirit descended in the form of a dove or 2) the Spiri # heaven The word "heaven" refers to the "sky." - diff --git a/jhn/01/33.md b/jhn/01/33.md index 744578fe4e..4f35466f38 100644 --- a/jhn/01/33.md +++ b/jhn/01/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he is the one who will baptize with the Holy Spirit "he is the one who will baptize in the Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/jhn/01/34.md b/jhn/01/34.md index 3569b8af63..20582aaf8a 100644 --- a/jhn/01/34.md +++ b/jhn/01/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some copies of this text say "Son of God"; others say "chosen one of God." (See: # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/35.md b/jhn/01/35.md index 1c7bf52a2c..350449eed9 100644 --- a/jhn/01/35.md +++ b/jhn/01/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Again, the next day This is another day. It is the second day that John sees Jesus. - diff --git a/jhn/01/36.md b/jhn/01/36.md index b421a1ef29..a61cb790a1 100644 --- a/jhn/01/36.md +++ b/jhn/01/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lamb of God This is a metaphor that represents God's perfect sacrifice. Jesus is called the "Lamb of God" because he was sacrificed to pay for people's sins. See how you translated this same phrase in [John 1:29](../01/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/37.md b/jhn/01/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/37.md +++ b/jhn/01/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/38.md b/jhn/01/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/38.md +++ b/jhn/01/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/39.md b/jhn/01/39.md index fdd5d1cdb6..3ba9d0acea 100644 --- a/jhn/01/39.md +++ b/jhn/01/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tenth hour "hour 10." This phrase indicates a time in the afternoon, before dark, at which it would be too late to start traveling to another town, possibly around 4 p.m. - diff --git a/jhn/01/40.md b/jhn/01/40.md index 6ff65d3bbd..def0ed0f32 100644 --- a/jhn/01/40.md +++ b/jhn/01/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses give us information about Andrew and how he brought his brother Peter to Jesus. This happened before they went and saw where Jesus was staying in [John 1:39](../01/39.md). - diff --git a/jhn/01/41.md b/jhn/01/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/41.md +++ b/jhn/01/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/42.md b/jhn/01/42.md index d722c39000..66686ff489 100644 --- a/jhn/01/42.md +++ b/jhn/01/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # son of John This is not John the Baptist. "John" was a very common name. - diff --git a/jhn/01/43.md b/jhn/01/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/43.md +++ b/jhn/01/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/44.md b/jhn/01/44.md index 415c260ddf..6f6c998ec7 100644 --- a/jhn/01/44.md +++ b/jhn/01/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Philip was from Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter This is background information about Philip. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/45.md b/jhn/01/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/45.md +++ b/jhn/01/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/46.md b/jhn/01/46.md index 09dddcce2d..704befdd44 100644 --- a/jhn/01/46.md +++ b/jhn/01/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Can any good thing come out of Nazareth? This remark appears in the form of a question in order to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "No good thing can come out of Nazareth!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/47.md b/jhn/01/47.md index 384d154f93..b73e0ff3c9 100644 --- a/jhn/01/47.md +++ b/jhn/01/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in whom is no deceit This can be stated in a positive way. Alternate translation: "a completely truthful man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/48.md b/jhn/01/48.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/01/48.md +++ b/jhn/01/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/01/49.md b/jhn/01/49.md index 42c3ae131d..0bec1be35b 100644 --- a/jhn/01/49.md +++ b/jhn/01/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/50.md b/jhn/01/50.md index 49e37a815e..4af42c2045 100644 --- a/jhn/01/50.md +++ b/jhn/01/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Because I said to you, 'I ... tree,' do you believe? This remark appears in the form of a question to provide emphasis. Alternate translation: "You believe only because I said, 'I ... tree'!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/01/51.md b/jhn/01/51.md index c989bdf67b..2a8b3f03cc 100644 --- a/jhn/01/51.md +++ b/jhn/01/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Truly, truly Translate this the way your language emphasizes that what follows is important and true. - diff --git a/jhn/01/intro.md b/jhn/01/intro.md index d1df6f8e9e..a16e42f3f4 100644 --- a/jhn/01/intro.md +++ b/jhn/01/intro.md @@ -1,36 +1,36 @@ # John 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:23, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "The Word" +### "The Word" John uses the phrase "the Word" to refer to Jesus ([John 1:1, 14](./01.md)). John is saying that God's most important message to all people is actually Jesus, a person with a physical body. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wordofgod]]) -#### Light and darkness +### Light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### "Children of God" +### "Children of God" When people believe in Jesus, they go from being "children of wrath" to "children of God." They are adopted into the "family of God." This is an important image that is used many times in the New Testament. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adoption]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphors +### Metaphors John uses the metaphors of light and darkness and of the Word to tell the reader that he will be writing more about good and evil and about what God wants to tell people through Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "In the beginning" +### "In the beginning" Some languages and cultures speak of the world as if it has always existed, as if it had no beginning. But "very long ago" is different from "in the beginning," and you need to be sure that your translation communicates correctly. -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 1:51](../../jhn/01/51.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -40,4 +40,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 1:51](../../j * __[John intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/02/01.md b/jhn/02/01.md index 9e523474a9..7030bed3c3 100644 --- a/jhn/02/01.md +++ b/jhn/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus and his disciples are invited to a wedding. These verse give background in # Three days later Most interpreters read this as on the third day after Jesus called Philip and Nathaniel to follow him. The first day occurs in John 1:35 and the second in John 1:43. - diff --git a/jhn/02/02.md b/jhn/02/02.md index 4cc3ace54d..f4b5835736 100644 --- a/jhn/02/02.md +++ b/jhn/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus and his disciples were invited to the wedding This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "Someone invited Jesus and his disciples to the wedding" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/02/03.md b/jhn/02/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/02/03.md +++ b/jhn/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/02/04.md b/jhn/02/04.md index 61d360eca7..8d71a1d085 100644 --- a/jhn/02/04.md +++ b/jhn/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question is asked to provide emphasis. Alternate translation: "this has not # My time has not yet come The word "time" is a metonym that represents the right occasion for Jesus to show that he is the Messiah by working miracles. Alternate translation: "It is not yet the right time for me to perform a mighty act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/02/05.md b/jhn/02/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/02/05.md +++ b/jhn/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/02/06.md b/jhn/02/06.md index e5c0d260d0..2732461521 100644 --- a/jhn/02/06.md +++ b/jhn/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # two to three metretes You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "75 to 115 liters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/jhn/02/07.md b/jhn/02/07.md index f593ef1b5c..6a52eadea2 100644 --- a/jhn/02/07.md +++ b/jhn/02/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the brim This means "to the very top" or "completely full." - diff --git a/jhn/02/08.md b/jhn/02/08.md index 2c31fecf8c..38082cc79a 100644 --- a/jhn/02/08.md +++ b/jhn/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the head waiter This refers to the person in charge of the food and drink. - diff --git a/jhn/02/09.md b/jhn/02/09.md index 9b2394e611..666cfa0786 100644 --- a/jhn/02/09.md +++ b/jhn/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but the servants who had drawn the water knew This is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/02/10.md b/jhn/02/10.md index 4869a2e9e7..820e0b7d7c 100644 --- a/jhn/02/10.md +++ b/jhn/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # drunk unable to tell the difference between cheap wine and expensive wine because of drinking too much alcohol - diff --git a/jhn/02/11.md b/jhn/02/11.md index d7676a4fa8..a8274c590b 100644 --- a/jhn/02/11.md +++ b/jhn/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a place name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # revealed his glory Here "his glory" refers to the mighty power of Jesus. Alternate translation: "showed his power" - diff --git a/jhn/02/12.md b/jhn/02/12.md index c296ed8c66..6410a20e93 100644 --- a/jhn/02/12.md +++ b/jhn/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This indicates that they went from a higher place to a lower place. Capernaum is # his brothers The word "brothers" includes both brothers and sisters. All Jesus's brothers and sisters were younger than he was. - diff --git a/jhn/02/13.md b/jhn/02/13.md index 90f7b4b3b4..ea0970fbf1 100644 --- a/jhn/02/13.md +++ b/jhn/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus and his disciples go up to Jerusalem to the temple. # went up to Jerusalem This indicates that he went from a lower place to a higher place. Jerusalem is built on a hill. - diff --git a/jhn/02/14.md b/jhn/02/14.md index 00638fb382..7ddf3563d0 100644 --- a/jhn/02/14.md +++ b/jhn/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People are buying animals in the temple courtyard to sacrifice them to God. # money changers Jewish authorities required people who wanted to buy animals for sacrifices to exchange their money for special money from the "money changers." - diff --git a/jhn/02/15.md b/jhn/02/15.md index dc5393d924..6e3a5d10e7 100644 --- a/jhn/02/15.md +++ b/jhn/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So This word marks an event that happens because of something else that has happened first. In this case, Jesus has seen the money changers sitting in the temple. - diff --git a/jhn/02/16.md b/jhn/02/16.md index 7f0c779c40..46211ef384 100644 --- a/jhn/02/16.md +++ b/jhn/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a phrase Jesus uses to refer to the temple. # my Father This is an important title that Jesus uses for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/02/17.md b/jhn/02/17.md index c1deffc623..3424fc9e0e 100644 --- a/jhn/02/17.md +++ b/jhn/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This term refers to the temple, God's house. # consume The word "consume" points to the metaphor of "fire." Jesus's love for the temple is like a fire that burns within him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/02/18.md b/jhn/02/18.md index 3de9526722..57fe288a13 100644 --- a/jhn/02/18.md +++ b/jhn/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to an event that proves something is true. # these things This refers to Jesus's actions against the money changers in the temple. - diff --git a/jhn/02/19.md b/jhn/02/19.md index 69a9888f8b..eff9a7ee5b 100644 --- a/jhn/02/19.md +++ b/jhn/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus dared them to destroy the temple so that he could raise it up in three day # raise it up "cause it to stand" - diff --git a/jhn/02/20.md b/jhn/02/20.md index 9d30565f16..9ad7d3fcad 100644 --- a/jhn/02/20.md +++ b/jhn/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will raise it up in three days? The Jewish authorities misunderstood Jesus's words and thought that Jesus wanted to tear down the literal temple and build it again in three days. "Raise" is an idiom for "rebuild." Alternate translation: "you will rebuild it in three days?" or "you cannot possibly rebuild it in three days!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/02/21.md b/jhn/02/21.md index 79f86a3612..e873a5a5af 100644 --- a/jhn/02/21.md +++ b/jhn/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is the beginning of a comment on the story. It tells about something that happens later. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-endofstory]]) - diff --git a/jhn/02/22.md b/jhn/02/22.md index 1225e754e7..9f14315680 100644 --- a/jhn/02/22.md +++ b/jhn/02/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "believe" means to accept something or trust that it is true. # this statement This refers back to Jesus's statement in [John 2:19](../02/19.md). - diff --git a/jhn/02/23.md b/jhn/02/23.md index 9b4f89a353..5646a02ac9 100644 --- a/jhn/02/23.md +++ b/jhn/02/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" is a metonym that represents the person of Jesus. Alternate translat # the signs that he did Miracles can also be called "signs" because they are used as evidence that God is the all-powerful one who has complete authority over the universe. - diff --git a/jhn/02/24.md b/jhn/02/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/02/24.md +++ b/jhn/02/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/02/25.md b/jhn/02/25.md index a3e44929fc..a90c247871 100644 --- a/jhn/02/25.md +++ b/jhn/02/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about man, for he knew what was in man Here the word "man" represents people in general. Alternate translation: "about people, for he knew what was in people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/jhn/02/intro.md b/jhn/02/intro.md index 4856978016..41c2ad297a 100644 --- a/jhn/02/intro.md +++ b/jhn/02/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # John 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Wine +### Wine The Jews drank wine at many meals and especially when they were celebrating special events. They did not believe that it was a sin to drink wine. -#### Driving out the money changers +### Driving out the money changers When Jesus drove the money changers out of the temple, he showed that he had authority over the temple and over all of Israel. -#### "He knew what was in man" +### "He knew what was in man" Jesus knew what other people were thinking only because he was and is the Son of Man and the Son of God. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "His disciples remembered" +### "His disciples remembered" John used this phrase to stop telling the main history and to tell about something that happened much later. It was right after he scolded the pigeon sellers ([John 2:16](../../jhn/02/16.md)) that the Jewish authorities spoke to him. It was after Jesus became alive again that his disciples remembered what the prophet had written long before and that Jesus had talkid about the temple of his body ([John 2:17](../../jhn/02/17.md) and [John 2:22](../../jhn/02/22.md)). @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ John used this phrase to stop telling the main history and to tell about somethi * __[John 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/03/01.md b/jhn/03/01.md index 9cc5332fec..60b3a958d3 100644 --- a/jhn/03/01.md +++ b/jhn/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nicodemus comes to see Jesus. # Now This word is used here to mark a new part of the story and to introduce Nicodemus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/02.md b/jhn/03/02.md index 991f8de1a7..a66414b30c 100644 --- a/jhn/03/02.md +++ b/jhn/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we know Here "we" is exclusive, referring only to Nicodemus and the other members of the Jewish council. - diff --git a/jhn/03/03.md b/jhn/03/03.md index e6bcb3ae96..3406be4164 100644 --- a/jhn/03/03.md +++ b/jhn/03/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). # he cannot see the kingdom of God Possible meanings of seeing the kingdom of God are 1) seeing the place God rules over or 2) knowing what God's kingdom is like or 3) belonging to the kingdom of God. - diff --git a/jhn/03/04.md b/jhn/03/04.md index 6459ee16ad..db2b4bf0d8 100644 --- a/jhn/03/04.md +++ b/jhn/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Nicodemus also uses this question to emphasize his belief that a second birth is # womb the part of a woman's body where a baby grows - diff --git a/jhn/03/05.md b/jhn/03/05.md index 39c5c85aa9..194862bc49 100644 --- a/jhn/03/05.md +++ b/jhn/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ There are two possible meanings: 1) "baptized in water and in the Spirit" or 2) # he cannot enter into the kingdom of God Entering God’s kingdom means that the people belong to God, God rules over them, and they will live with him forever. AT: "he cannot belong to the kingdom of God" - diff --git a/jhn/03/06.md b/jhn/03/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/03/06.md +++ b/jhn/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/03/07.md b/jhn/03/07.md index 79203aff5e..3c05360032 100644 --- a/jhn/03/07.md +++ b/jhn/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to Nicodemus. # You must be born again "You must be born from above" - diff --git a/jhn/03/08.md b/jhn/03/08.md index 3fd7b736c5..b8324dde0f 100644 --- a/jhn/03/08.md +++ b/jhn/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The wind blows wherever it wishes In the source language, wind and Spirit are the same word. The speaker here refers to the wind as if it were a person. Alternate translation: "The Holy Spirit is like a wind that blows wherever it wants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/09.md b/jhn/03/09.md index 254d4f81ac..cfdd309376 100644 --- a/jhn/03/09.md +++ b/jhn/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How can these things be? This question adds emphasis to the statement. Alternate translation: "This cannot be!" or "This is not able to happen!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/10.md b/jhn/03/10.md index e0e4a2b535..9addb145fe 100644 --- a/jhn/03/10.md +++ b/jhn/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus knows that Nicodemus is a teacher. He is not looking for information. Alte # Are you a teacher ... yet you do not understand The word "you" is singular and refers to Nicodemus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/11.md b/jhn/03/11.md index 76d0031c83..56057200fd 100644 --- a/jhn/03/11.md +++ b/jhn/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Translate this the way your language emphasizes that what follows is important a # we speak When Jesus said "we," he was not including Nicodemus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/12.md b/jhn/03/12.md index de7840ed40..3164955ad2 100644 --- a/jhn/03/12.md +++ b/jhn/03/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This question emphasizes the disbelief of Nicodemus and the Jews. Alternate tran # heavenly things spiritual things - diff --git a/jhn/03/13.md b/jhn/03/13.md index 5e3930709c..70c1269410 100644 --- a/jhn/03/13.md +++ b/jhn/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No one has ascended into heaven except he who descended from heaven This double negative emphasizes that he who descended from heaven is the only one who has ascended into heaven. Alternate translation: "The only one who has ascended into heaven is he who descended from heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/14.md b/jhn/03/14.md index d6a004aee9..c84499ca49 100644 --- a/jhn/03/14.md +++ b/jhn/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This figure of speech is called a simile. Some people will "lift up" Jesus just # in the wilderness The wilderness is a dry, desert place, but here it refers specifically to the place where Moses and the Israelites walked around for forty years. - diff --git a/jhn/03/15.md b/jhn/03/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/03/15.md +++ b/jhn/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/03/16.md b/jhn/03/16.md index c0e7cd4bb2..4f68ecf6f3 100644 --- a/jhn/03/16.md +++ b/jhn/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "world" is a metonym that refers to everyone in the world. (See: [[rc://en/ # loved The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. God himself is love and is the source of true love. - diff --git a/jhn/03/17.md b/jhn/03/17.md index 859c79ec05..9615a4c653 100644 --- a/jhn/03/17.md +++ b/jhn/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two clauses mean nearly the same thing, said twice for emphasis, first in # to condemn "to punish." Usually "punish" implies that the person who has been punished is then accepted by God. When a person is condemned, he is punished but never accepted by God. - diff --git a/jhn/03/18.md b/jhn/03/18.md index 42c3ae131d..0bec1be35b 100644 --- a/jhn/03/18.md +++ b/jhn/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/19.md b/jhn/03/19.md index 44cb59213e..962724c483 100644 --- a/jhn/03/19.md +++ b/jhn/03/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "light" is a metaphor for God's truth that is revealed in Jesus. Jesus # men loved the darkness Here "darkness" is a metaphor for evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/20.md b/jhn/03/20.md index 88a13ef420..2333dc8525 100644 --- a/jhn/03/20.md +++ b/jhn/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that his deeds will not be exposed This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "so that the light will not show the things he does" or "so that the light does not make clear his deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/21.md b/jhn/03/21.md index c46fc7487e..559bd8ec7f 100644 --- a/jhn/03/21.md +++ b/jhn/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plainly seen that his deeds This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "people may clearly see his deeds" or "everyone may clearly see the things he does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/22.md b/jhn/03/22.md index 96105f7939..fdacea8f99 100644 --- a/jhn/03/22.md +++ b/jhn/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # After this This refers to after Jesus had spoken with Nicodemus. See how you translated this in [John 2:12](../02/12.md). - diff --git a/jhn/03/23.md b/jhn/03/23.md index 2b0c735526..8ef778dc9d 100644 --- a/jhn/03/23.md +++ b/jhn/03/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a village or town next to the Jordan River (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate- # were being baptized You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "John was baptizing them" or "he was baptizing them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/24.md b/jhn/03/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/03/24.md +++ b/jhn/03/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/03/25.md b/jhn/03/25.md index d22f28c20f..8cc115a4ae 100644 --- a/jhn/03/25.md +++ b/jhn/03/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in an active form for clarity. Alternate translation: "Then J # a dispute a fight using words - diff --git a/jhn/03/26.md b/jhn/03/26.md index 0ec36fa8a9..c036ae8a35 100644 --- a/jhn/03/26.md +++ b/jhn/03/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you have testified, look, he is baptizing, In this phrase, "look" is a command meaning "pay attention!" Alternate translation: "you have testified, 'Look! He is baptizing,'" or "you have testified. 'Look at that! He is baptizing,'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/27.md b/jhn/03/27.md index 970bc9d98f..6e59b8180f 100644 --- a/jhn/03/27.md +++ b/jhn/03/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it has been given to him from heaven Here "heaven" is used as a metonym to refer to God. This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "God has given it to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/28.md b/jhn/03/28.md index 91aab691fc..71353563b9 100644 --- a/jhn/03/28.md +++ b/jhn/03/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This "You" is plural and refers to all the people John is talking to. Alternate # I have been sent before him This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "God sent me to arrive before him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/29.md b/jhn/03/29.md index 2e7b24c0bc..2ad791b4c7 100644 --- a/jhn/03/29.md +++ b/jhn/03/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So then I rejoice gre # my joy The word "my" refers to John the Baptist, the one who is speaking. - diff --git a/jhn/03/30.md b/jhn/03/30.md index addb626279..9b852f7962 100644 --- a/jhn/03/30.md +++ b/jhn/03/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He must increase "He" refers to the bridegroom, Jesus, who will continue to grow in importance. - diff --git a/jhn/03/31.md b/jhn/03/31.md index 603d9a4162..02c196f0d3 100644 --- a/jhn/03/31.md +++ b/jhn/03/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John means that Jesus is greater than he is since Jesus is from heaven, and John # He who comes from heaven is above all This means the same thing as the first sentence. John repeats this for emphasis. - diff --git a/jhn/03/32.md b/jhn/03/32.md index 4687d48a3d..46ccce9ce4 100644 --- a/jhn/03/32.md +++ b/jhn/03/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John is speaking about Jesus. Alternate translation: "The one from heaven tells # no one accepts his testimony Here John exaggerates to emphasize that only a few people believe Jesus. Alternate translation: "very few people believe him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/33.md b/jhn/03/33.md index e31204eb7d..bf4f7df5fe 100644 --- a/jhn/03/33.md +++ b/jhn/03/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # has confirmed "proves" or "agrees" - diff --git a/jhn/03/34.md b/jhn/03/34.md index d4d96a68b4..3ef25e7015 100644 --- a/jhn/03/34.md +++ b/jhn/03/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John the Baptist finishes speaking. # For he does not give the Spirit by measure "For he is the one to whom God gave all the power of his Spirit" - diff --git a/jhn/03/35.md b/jhn/03/35.md index c063cd774e..ddb07d040a 100644 --- a/jhn/03/35.md +++ b/jhn/03/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. # given ... into his hand This means to be put in his power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/36.md b/jhn/03/36.md index 26e1cdc092..23059386bb 100644 --- a/jhn/03/36.md +++ b/jhn/03/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the wrath of God stays on him The abstract noun "wrath" can be translated with the verb "punish." Alternate translation: "God will continue to punish him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jhn/03/intro.md b/jhn/03/intro.md index ace0aa95cb..e030b26ac5 100644 --- a/jhn/03/intro.md +++ b/jhn/03/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # John 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Light and darkness +### Light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 3:13](../../jhn/03/13.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 3:13](../../j * __[John 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/04/01.md b/jhn/04/01.md index c3bf7a482e..8d908a4ca3 100644 --- a/jhn/04/01.md +++ b/jhn/04/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A long sentence begins here. # Now when Jesus knew The word "now" is used here to mark a break in the main events. Here John starts to tell a new part of the narrative. - diff --git a/jhn/04/02.md b/jhn/04/02.md index ea73b6edb3..fdc2b53f1c 100644 --- a/jhn/04/02.md +++ b/jhn/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus himself was not baptizing The reflexive pronoun "himself" adds emphasis that it was not Jesus who was baptizing, but his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/03.md b/jhn/04/03.md index 1fc1dfde74..00c28b23c1 100644 --- a/jhn/04/03.md +++ b/jhn/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he left Judea and went back again to Galilee You may need to rearrange the entire sentence that begins with the words "Now when Jesus" in verse 1. "Now Jesus was making and baptizing more disciples than John (although Jesus himself was not baptizing, but his disciples were). The Pharisees heard that Jesus was doing this. When Jesus knew that the Pharisees learned what he was doing, he left Judea and went back again to Galilee" - diff --git a/jhn/04/04.md b/jhn/04/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/04.md +++ b/jhn/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/05.md b/jhn/04/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/05.md +++ b/jhn/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/06.md b/jhn/04/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/06.md +++ b/jhn/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/07.md b/jhn/04/07.md index 7395c34ddb..2e670d3a21 100644 --- a/jhn/04/07.md +++ b/jhn/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Give me some water This is a polite request, not a command. - diff --git a/jhn/04/08.md b/jhn/04/08.md index 5a4d61419d..ffbd521bcb 100644 --- a/jhn/04/08.md +++ b/jhn/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For his disciples had gone He did not ask his disciples to draw water for him because they had gone. - diff --git a/jhn/04/09.md b/jhn/04/09.md index 679a07fe8e..03a80a2adb 100644 --- a/jhn/04/09.md +++ b/jhn/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to express the Samaritan woman's s # have no dealings with "do not associate with" - diff --git a/jhn/04/10.md b/jhn/04/10.md index 6bbe441cf1..eef94bb00a 100644 --- a/jhn/04/10.md +++ b/jhn/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # living water Jesus uses the metaphor "living water" to refer to the Holy Spirit, who works in a person to transform and bring new life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/11.md b/jhn/04/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/11.md +++ b/jhn/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/12.md b/jhn/04/12.md index 3b73ba5d11..27bdc22824 100644 --- a/jhn/04/12.md +++ b/jhn/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This remark occurs in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translat # drank from it "drank water that came from it" - diff --git a/jhn/04/13.md b/jhn/04/13.md index 1759dcf7cd..c6d197ae04 100644 --- a/jhn/04/13.md +++ b/jhn/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will be thirsty again "will need to drink water again" - diff --git a/jhn/04/14.md b/jhn/04/14.md index 94efcb327d..2b394e3816 100644 --- a/jhn/04/14.md +++ b/jhn/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "fountain" is a metaphor for life-giving spring of water. Alternat # eternal life Here "life" refers to the "spiritual life" that only God can give. - diff --git a/jhn/04/15.md b/jhn/04/15.md index ed30914c02..065b407f88 100644 --- a/jhn/04/15.md +++ b/jhn/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this context, the Samaritan woman is addressing Jesus as "Sir," which is a te # draw water "get water" or "pull water up from the well" using a container and rope - diff --git a/jhn/04/16.md b/jhn/04/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/16.md +++ b/jhn/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/17.md b/jhn/04/17.md index 32862a7d96..f256e5a6ad 100644 --- a/jhn/04/17.md +++ b/jhn/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have said correctly "You spoke well when you said" or "You chose your words skillfully when you said." Jesus is acknowledging that what she had said was strictly true but was hiding a fact about her that she expected Jesus to disapprove of. He was saying neither that it was a good thing that she had no husband nor that her answer showed that she was morally good. - diff --git a/jhn/04/18.md b/jhn/04/18.md index 0e8ad459b5..d1310e7b22 100644 --- a/jhn/04/18.md +++ b/jhn/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What you have said is true Jesus said this to emphasize the words "You are right in saying, 'I have no husband'" in verse 17. He wanted the woman to know that he knew she was telling the truth. - diff --git a/jhn/04/19.md b/jhn/04/19.md index ebeb4187b6..4b29d3542e 100644 --- a/jhn/04/19.md +++ b/jhn/04/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this context the Samaritan woman is addressesing Jesus as "sir," which is a t # I see that you are a prophet "I can understand that you are a prophet" - diff --git a/jhn/04/20.md b/jhn/04/20.md index e4031c6341..272ade93ff 100644 --- a/jhn/04/20.md +++ b/jhn/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Our fathers "Our forefathers" or "Our ancestors" - diff --git a/jhn/04/21.md b/jhn/04/21.md index 8dbd76b7e5..5149878eee 100644 --- a/jhn/04/21.md +++ b/jhn/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Eternal salvation from sin comes from God the Father, who is Yahweh, the God of # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/22.md b/jhn/04/22.md index 13176afdb9..7c44da383d 100644 --- a/jhn/04/22.md +++ b/jhn/04/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that God has chosen the Jews as his special people who will tell all # salvation is from the Jews Eternal salvation from sin comes from God the Father, who is Yahweh, the God of the Jews. - diff --git a/jhn/04/23.md b/jhn/04/23.md index eaeb4cae0c..5c04d08c7a 100644 --- a/jhn/04/23.md +++ b/jhn/04/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are the "spirit" here is 1) the inner person, the mind and hea # in ... truth thinking correctly of what is true about God - diff --git a/jhn/04/24.md b/jhn/04/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/24.md +++ b/jhn/04/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/25.md b/jhn/04/25.md index 9f548c88a3..c55716bb8a 100644 --- a/jhn/04/25.md +++ b/jhn/04/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these words mean "God's promised king." # he will explain everything to us This statement implies that he will tell them everything they need to know. Alternate translation: "he will tell us everything we need to know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/26.md b/jhn/04/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/26.md +++ b/jhn/04/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/27.md b/jhn/04/27.md index 5f4429c111..4d6c9664a8 100644 --- a/jhn/04/27.md +++ b/jhn/04/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It was very unusual for a Jew to speak with a woman he did not know, especially # no one said, "What ... looking for?" or "Why ... her?" Possible meanings are 1) "no one asked Jesus, 'What ... looking for?' or 'Why ... her?'" or 2) "no one asked the woman, 'What ... looking for?' or asked Jesus, 'Why ... her?'" - diff --git a/jhn/04/28.md b/jhn/04/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/28.md +++ b/jhn/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/29.md b/jhn/04/29.md index 9c98057a8b..738b2023ae 100644 --- a/jhn/04/29.md +++ b/jhn/04/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Samaritan woman exaggerates to show that she is impressed by how much Jesus # This could not be the Christ, could it? The woman is not sure that Jesus is the Christ, so she asks a question that expects "no" for an answer, but she also asks a question instead of making a statement because she wants the people to decide for themselves. - diff --git a/jhn/04/30.md b/jhn/04/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/30.md +++ b/jhn/04/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/31.md b/jhn/04/31.md index a9892e06a2..aafb787400 100644 --- a/jhn/04/31.md +++ b/jhn/04/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the disciples were urging him "the disciples were telling Jesus" or "the disciples were encouraging Jesus" - diff --git a/jhn/04/32.md b/jhn/04/32.md index 9bf829def1..48dd651809 100644 --- a/jhn/04/32.md +++ b/jhn/04/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have food to eat that you do not know about Here Jesus is not talking about literal "food," but is preparing his disciples for a spiritual lesson in [John 4:34](../04/34.md). - diff --git a/jhn/04/33.md b/jhn/04/33.md index 4ea1602d37..db4fd6f06f 100644 --- a/jhn/04/33.md +++ b/jhn/04/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No one has brought him anything to eat, have they? The disciples think Jesus is talking about literal "food." They begin asking each other this question, expecting a "no" response. Alternate translation: "Surely no one brought him any food while we were in town!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/34.md b/jhn/04/34.md index d59f576881..1026c15531 100644 --- a/jhn/04/34.md +++ b/jhn/04/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to complete his work Here "food" is a metaphor that represents "obeying God's will." Alternate translation: "Just as food satisfies a hungry person, obeying God's will is what satisfies me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/35.md b/jhn/04/35.md index e92bb7eb12..0fd868b88c 100644 --- a/jhn/04/35.md +++ b/jhn/04/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # look up and see the fields, for they are already ripe for harvest The words "fields" and "ripe for harvest" are metaphors. The "fields" represent people. The words "ripe for harvest" mean that people are ready to receive the message of Jesus, like fields that are ready to be harvested. Alternate translation: "look up and see the the people! They are ready to believe my message, like crops in the fields that are ready for people to harvest them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/36.md b/jhn/04/36.md index b0f1b65716..65ba4057fc 100644 --- a/jhn/04/36.md +++ b/jhn/04/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and gathers fruit for everlasting life Here "fruit for everlasting life" is a metaphor that represents people who believe Christ's message and receive eternal life. Alternate translation: "and the people who believe the message and receive eternal life are like the fruit that a harvester gathers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/37.md b/jhn/04/37.md index ef5e47b228..85396bc01c 100644 --- a/jhn/04/37.md +++ b/jhn/04/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. # One sows, and another reaps The words "sows" and "reaps" are metaphors. The one who "sows" shares the message of Jesus. The one who "reaps" helps the people to receive the message of Jesus. Alternate translation: "One person plants the seeds, and another person reaps the crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/38.md b/jhn/04/38.md index 520e99ed5d..b4661c2f58 100644 --- a/jhn/04/38.md +++ b/jhn/04/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you have entered into their labor "you are now joining in their work" - diff --git a/jhn/04/39.md b/jhn/04/39.md index 7c89b5eaed..ba66dd77fa 100644 --- a/jhn/04/39.md +++ b/jhn/04/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "believe in" someone means to "trust in" that person. Here this also means th # He told me everything that I have done This is an exaggeration. The woman was impressed by how much Jesus knew about her. Alternate translation: "He told me many things about my life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/40.md b/jhn/04/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/40.md +++ b/jhn/04/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/41.md b/jhn/04/41.md index d17717b66e..9805fbe5bf 100644 --- a/jhn/04/41.md +++ b/jhn/04/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his word Here "word" is a metonym that stands for the message that Jesus proclaimed. Alternate translation: "his message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/42.md b/jhn/04/42.md index 1556c40691..c885d04e26 100644 --- a/jhn/04/42.md +++ b/jhn/04/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # world The "world" is a metonym for all the believers throughout the world. Alternate translation: "all the believers in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/43.md b/jhn/04/43.md index 635ae5af80..1246b84676 100644 --- a/jhn/04/43.md +++ b/jhn/04/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus goes down to Galilee and heals a boy. Verse 44 gives us background informa # from there from Judea - diff --git a/jhn/04/44.md b/jhn/04/44.md index f961effa93..14ff642cec 100644 --- a/jhn/04/44.md +++ b/jhn/04/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The reflexive pronoun "himself" is added to emphasize that Jesus had "declared" # a prophet has no honor in his own country "people do not show respect or honor to a prophet of their own country" or "a prophet is not respected by the people in his own community" - diff --git a/jhn/04/45.md b/jhn/04/45.md index ba4662dbbf..1d84de8808 100644 --- a/jhn/04/45.md +++ b/jhn/04/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at the festival Here the festival is the Passover. - diff --git a/jhn/04/46.md b/jhn/04/46.md index 12e7dcb56a..b54467e4b2 100644 --- a/jhn/04/46.md +++ b/jhn/04/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here the author starts # royal official someone who is in the service of the king - diff --git a/jhn/04/47.md b/jhn/04/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/47.md +++ b/jhn/04/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/48.md b/jhn/04/48.md index 94674a175c..5c0e654d1b 100644 --- a/jhn/04/48.md +++ b/jhn/04/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Unless you see signs and wonders, you will not believe "Unless ... not believe" here is a double negative. In some languages it is more natural to translate this statement in a positive form. Alternate translation: "You will believe only if you see a signs and wonders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/49.md b/jhn/04/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/49.md +++ b/jhn/04/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/50.md b/jhn/04/50.md index 5c14a031b9..5983c3daf7 100644 --- a/jhn/04/50.md +++ b/jhn/04/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # believed the word Here "word" is a metonym that refers to the message that Jesus spoke. Alternate translation: "believed the message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/04/51.md b/jhn/04/51.md index 193bae88dc..ffa5477427 100644 --- a/jhn/04/51.md +++ b/jhn/04/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # While This word is used to mark two events that are happening at the same time. As the official was going home, his servants were coming to meet him on the road. - diff --git a/jhn/04/52.md b/jhn/04/52.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/04/52.md +++ b/jhn/04/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/04/53.md b/jhn/04/53.md index e29e3c9bab..072d963dee 100644 --- a/jhn/04/53.md +++ b/jhn/04/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So he himself and his whole household believed The reflexive pronoun "himself" is used here to emphasize the word "he." If you have a way of doing this in your language, you may consider using it. - diff --git a/jhn/04/54.md b/jhn/04/54.md index 6f86ecd52b..79a47ef5fd 100644 --- a/jhn/04/54.md +++ b/jhn/04/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sign Miracles can also be called "signs" because they are used as indicators or evidence that God is the all-powerful one who has complete authority over the universe. - diff --git a/jhn/04/intro.md b/jhn/04/intro.md index 14bf8023de..23e9d68b4b 100644 --- a/jhn/04/intro.md +++ b/jhn/04/intro.md @@ -1,34 +1,34 @@ # John 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting John 4:4-38 forms one story centered on the teaching of Jesus as the "living water," the one who gives eternal life to all who believe in him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "It was necessary for him to pass through Samaria" +### "It was necessary for him to pass through Samaria" Jews avoided traveling through the region of Samaria because the Samaritans were descendants of ungodly people. So Jesus had to do what most Jews did not want to do. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/kingdomofisrael]]) -#### "The hour is coming" +### "The hour is coming" Jesus used these words to begin prophecies about times that could be shorter or longer than sixty minutes. "The hour" in which true worshipers will worship in spirit and truth is longer than sixty minutes. -#### The proper place of worship +### The proper place of worship Long before Jesus lived, the Samaritan people had broken the law of Moses by setting up a false temple in their land ([John 4:20](../../jhn/04/20.md)). Jesus explained to the woman that it was no longer important where people worshiped ([John 4:21-24](./21.md)). -#### Harvest +### Harvest Harvest is when people go out to get the food they have planted so they can bring it to their houses and eat it. Jesus used this as a metaphor to teach his followers that they need to go and tell other people about Jesus so those people can be part of God's kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -#### "The Samaritan woman" +### "The Samaritan woman" John probably told this story to show the difference between the Samaritan woman, who believed, and the Jews, who did not believe and later killed Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "In spirit and truth" +### "In spirit and truth" The people who truly know who God is and enjoy worshiping him and love him for who he is are the ones who truly please him. Where they worship is not important. @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ The people who truly know who God is and enjoy worshiping him and love him for w * __[John 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/05/01.md b/jhn/05/01.md index bc7966e782..0c166c298d 100644 --- a/jhn/05/01.md +++ b/jhn/05/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to after Jesus healed the official's son. See how you translated thi # went up to Jerusalem Jerusalem is located on the top of a hill. Roads to Jerusalem went up and down smaller hills. If your language has a different word for going up a hill than for walking on level ground, you may use it here. - diff --git a/jhn/05/02.md b/jhn/05/02.md index 720b8a3322..21fbb6bce2 100644 --- a/jhn/05/02.md +++ b/jhn/05/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a place name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # roofed porches roofed structures with at least one wall missing and attached to buildings - diff --git a/jhn/05/03.md b/jhn/05/03.md index b0159b0d21..3845f89f16 100644 --- a/jhn/05/03.md +++ b/jhn/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A large number of people "Many people" - diff --git a/jhn/05/04.md b/jhn/05/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/05/04.md +++ b/jhn/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/05/05.md b/jhn/05/05.md index 7b2d0806ee..3f7b272ef2 100644 --- a/jhn/05/05.md +++ b/jhn/05/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Verse 5 introduces the man lying beside the pool to the story. (See: [[rc://en/t # thirty-eight years "38 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/06.md b/jhn/05/06.md index 9cd418b3c7..1e866e4945 100644 --- a/jhn/05/06.md +++ b/jhn/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he said to him "Jesus said to the paralyzed man" - diff --git a/jhn/05/07.md b/jhn/05/07.md index e6db206fd2..dfc126da46 100644 --- a/jhn/05/07.md +++ b/jhn/05/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a hole in the ground that people filled with water. Sometimes they line # another steps down before me "someone else always goes down the steps into the water before me" - diff --git a/jhn/05/08.md b/jhn/05/08.md index c77719d32e..adf87d831c 100644 --- a/jhn/05/08.md +++ b/jhn/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # take up your bed, and walk "pick up your sleeping mat, and walk" - diff --git a/jhn/05/09.md b/jhn/05/09.md index 91e3ae8a40..b6f43ac00d 100644 --- a/jhn/05/09.md +++ b/jhn/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Now that day The writer uses the word "now" to show that the words that follow are background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/10.md b/jhn/05/10.md index 4f1dfb8c6a..e57bbf6b28 100644 --- a/jhn/05/10.md +++ b/jhn/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Jews (especially the leaders of the Jews) became angry when they saw the man # It is the Sabbath "It is God's Day of Rest" - diff --git a/jhn/05/11.md b/jhn/05/11.md index 8d57de23d9..fa4b46d16a 100644 --- a/jhn/05/11.md +++ b/jhn/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He who made me healthy "The man who made me well" - diff --git a/jhn/05/12.md b/jhn/05/12.md index 19d76be067..cfe7b21876 100644 --- a/jhn/05/12.md +++ b/jhn/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They asked him "The Jewish leaders asked the man who was healed" - diff --git a/jhn/05/13.md b/jhn/05/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/05/13.md +++ b/jhn/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/05/14.md b/jhn/05/14.md index fb451a4904..3d2deecdcc 100644 --- a/jhn/05/14.md +++ b/jhn/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # See The word "See" is used here to draw attention to the words that follow. - diff --git a/jhn/05/15.md b/jhn/05/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/05/15.md +++ b/jhn/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/05/16.md b/jhn/05/16.md index 2f11838661..7bd8bf17ca 100644 --- a/jhn/05/16.md +++ b/jhn/05/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses the word "now" to show that the words that follow are background # the Jews Here "the Jews" is a synecdoche which represent the "Jewish leaders." Alternate translation: "the Jewish leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/17.md b/jhn/05/17.md index 986743fc26..9e742d047a 100644 --- a/jhn/05/17.md +++ b/jhn/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to doing labor, including anything that is done to serve other peopl # My Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/18.md b/jhn/05/18.md index 0efb05f75a..07dc067dba 100644 --- a/jhn/05/18.md +++ b/jhn/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # making himself equal to God "saying that he was like God" or "saying that he had as much authority as God" - diff --git a/jhn/05/19.md b/jhn/05/19.md index 32dec50f97..7f6f62f76e 100644 --- a/jhn/05/19.md +++ b/jhn/05/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus, as the Son of God, followed and obeyed his Father's leadership on earth, # Son ... Father These are important titles that describe the relationship between Jesus and God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/20.md b/jhn/05/20.md index eb4784af6a..e7d99f78f6 100644 --- a/jhn/05/20.md +++ b/jhn/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus, as the Son of God, followed and obeyed his Father's leadership on earth, # loves The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. God himself is love and is the source of true love. - diff --git a/jhn/05/21.md b/jhn/05/21.md index 92678605fb..0b758bee49 100644 --- a/jhn/05/21.md +++ b/jhn/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. # life This refers to "spiritual life." - diff --git a/jhn/05/22.md b/jhn/05/22.md index 29d0c41349..7bb5e377e4 100644 --- a/jhn/05/22.md +++ b/jhn/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the Father judges no one, but he has given all judgment to the Son The word "for" marks a comparison. The Son of God carries out judgment for God the Father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/23.md b/jhn/05/23.md index cbc184e483..a1959fd604 100644 --- a/jhn/05/23.md +++ b/jhn/05/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # honor the Son just as ... the Father. The one who does not honor the Son does not honor the Father God the Son must be honored and worshiped just like God the Father. If we fail to honor God the Son, then we also fail to honor God the Father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/24.md b/jhn/05/24.md index 9bf00bac40..4f9737e7e1 100644 --- a/jhn/05/24.md +++ b/jhn/05/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "word" is a metonym that represents the message of Jesus. Alternate transla # will not be condemned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will not receive condemnation" or "God will not condemn him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/25.md b/jhn/05/25.md index 62ef5e9f2b..8671f930f0 100644 --- a/jhn/05/25.md +++ b/jhn/05/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The voice of Jesus, the Son of God, will raise dead people from the grave. (See: # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/26.md b/jhn/05/26.md index 5300c1827f..b0e792a53e 100644 --- a/jhn/05/26.md +++ b/jhn/05/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. # life This means spiritual life. - diff --git a/jhn/05/27.md b/jhn/05/27.md index a80826511b..ee15bb947c 100644 --- a/jhn/05/27.md +++ b/jhn/05/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. # the Father has given the Son authority to carry out judgment The Son of God has the authority of God the Father to judge. - diff --git a/jhn/05/28.md b/jhn/05/28.md index 4caf02d298..611381a694 100644 --- a/jhn/05/28.md +++ b/jhn/05/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # hear his voice "hear my voice" - diff --git a/jhn/05/29.md b/jhn/05/29.md index 161b3cd569..57732551ce 100644 --- a/jhn/05/29.md +++ b/jhn/05/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This tells what will happen to those who have done good. Alternate translation: # to the resurrection of judgment This tells what will happen to those who have done evil. Alternate translation: "will rise to be judged" or "will rise and be judged" - diff --git a/jhn/05/30.md b/jhn/05/30.md index 098b8f223e..e4de603b6f 100644 --- a/jhn/05/30.md +++ b/jhn/05/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the will of him who sent me The word "him" refers to God the Father. - diff --git a/jhn/05/31.md b/jhn/05/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/05/31.md +++ b/jhn/05/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/05/32.md b/jhn/05/32.md index 7784a7b2db..08371325e3 100644 --- a/jhn/05/32.md +++ b/jhn/05/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to God. # the testimony that he gives about me is true "what he tells people about me is true" - diff --git a/jhn/05/33.md b/jhn/05/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/05/33.md +++ b/jhn/05/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/05/34.md b/jhn/05/34.md index 1e996b650e..41ae7747c4 100644 --- a/jhn/05/34.md +++ b/jhn/05/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that you might be saved You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so God can save you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/35.md b/jhn/05/35.md index f67f91f615..6acf1d69da 100644 --- a/jhn/05/35.md +++ b/jhn/05/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # John was a lamp that was burning and shining, and you were willing to rejoice in his light for a while Here "lamp" and "light" are metaphors. John taught the people about God and this was like a lamp shining its light into the dark. Alternate translation: "John taught you about God and this was like a lamp shining its light. And for a while what John said made you happy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/36.md b/jhn/05/36.md index 7871093d43..d5f9dcc4eb 100644 --- a/jhn/05/36.md +++ b/jhn/05/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # the very works that I do, testify about me that the Father has sent me Here Jesus says that the miracles "testify" or "tell the people" about him. Alternate translation: "what I do, shows the people that God has sent me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/37.md b/jhn/05/37.md index 1184983caf..4a9f9a414a 100644 --- a/jhn/05/37.md +++ b/jhn/05/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Father who sent me has himself testified The reflexive pronoun "himself" emphasizes that it is the Father, not someone less important, who has testified. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/38.md b/jhn/05/38.md index 7ca1c25f41..e2fbd9e1d3 100644 --- a/jhn/05/38.md +++ b/jhn/05/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus speaks of people living according to God's word as if they were houses and # his word "the message he spoke to you" - diff --git a/jhn/05/39.md b/jhn/05/39.md index 36f60f7cc0..fd64c9e75a 100644 --- a/jhn/05/39.md +++ b/jhn/05/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in them you have eternal life "you will find eternal life if you read them" or "the scriptures will tell you how you can have eternal life" - diff --git a/jhn/05/40.md b/jhn/05/40.md index 90b9a7a468..d91e025dce 100644 --- a/jhn/05/40.md +++ b/jhn/05/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are not willing to come to me "you refuse to believe my message" - diff --git a/jhn/05/41.md b/jhn/05/41.md index 4914421fd1..265df290b0 100644 --- a/jhn/05/41.md +++ b/jhn/05/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "glory" here is a metonym for the praise that people give to a person w # receive accept - diff --git a/jhn/05/42.md b/jhn/05/42.md index 0fe888c146..29b0894456 100644 --- a/jhn/05/42.md +++ b/jhn/05/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you do not have the love of God in yourselves This can mean 1) "you really do not love God" or 2) "you have really not received God's love." - diff --git a/jhn/05/43.md b/jhn/05/43.md index 2be3ab5f39..8ee1809ccb 100644 --- a/jhn/05/43.md +++ b/jhn/05/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ welcome as a friend # If another should come in his own name The word "name" is a metonym that represents authority. Alternate translation: "If another should come in his own authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/44.md b/jhn/05/44.md index 24661231a1..f4a160d643 100644 --- a/jhn/05/44.md +++ b/jhn/05/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to trust in Jesus. # accept glory ... seeking the glory The word "glory" here is a metonym for the praise that people give to a person who has glory or is glorious. Alternate translation: "accept praise ... seeking the praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/45.md b/jhn/05/45.md index 306b76995f..3e2e3e0088 100644 --- a/jhn/05/45.md +++ b/jhn/05/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in whom you have hoped Here the word "hope" means "expect" or "trust," and the person who hopes in this way believes that he will receive what he hopes for. It can be stated clearly what they hoped for in Moses. Alternate translation: "whom you expect to help you" or "whom you trust to defend you before the Father you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/05/46.md b/jhn/05/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/05/46.md +++ b/jhn/05/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/05/47.md b/jhn/05/47.md index aa4a1cde98..ff2fe6b985 100644 --- a/jhn/05/47.md +++ b/jhn/05/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to provide emphasis. Alternate tra # my words "what I say" - diff --git a/jhn/05/intro.md b/jhn/05/intro.md index 4f3280a4dc..d92f397392 100644 --- a/jhn/05/intro.md +++ b/jhn/05/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # John 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Healing water +### Healing water Many of the Jews believed that God would heal people who got into some of the pools in Jerusalem when the waters were "stirred up." -#### Testimony +### Testimony Testimony is what one person says about another person. What a person says about himself is not as important as what other people say about that person. Jesus told the Jews that God had told them who Jesus was, so he did not need to tell them who he was. This was because God had told the writers of the Old Testament what his Messiah would do, and Jesus had done everything they had written that he would do. -#### The resurrection of life and the resurrection of judgment +### The resurrection of life and the resurrection of judgment God will make some people alive again and because he gives them his grace, they will live with him forever. But he will make some people alive again and because he will treat them justly, they will live apart from him forever. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### The Son, the Son of God, and the Son of Man +### The Son, the Son of God, and the Son of Man Jesus refers to himself in this chapter as the "Son" ([John 5:19](../../jhn/05/19.md)), the "Son of God" ([John 5:25](../../jhn/05/25.md)), and the "Son of Man" ([John 5:27](../../jhn/05/27.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself in this chapter as the "Son" ([John 5:19](../../jhn/05/1 * __[John 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/06/01.md b/jhn/06/01.md index 1dea9e41bc..1f751dafbf 100644 --- a/jhn/06/01.md +++ b/jhn/06/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "these things" refers to the events in [John 5:1-46](../05/01.md) and # Jesus went away It is implied in the text that Jesus traveled by boat and took his disciples with him. Alternate translation: "Jesus traveled by boat with his disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/02.md b/jhn/06/02.md index 46eee27283..5a7a6b0c76 100644 --- a/jhn/06/02.md +++ b/jhn/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # signs This refers to the miracles that are used as evidence that God is the all-powerful one who has complete authority over everything. - diff --git a/jhn/06/03.md b/jhn/06/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/03.md +++ b/jhn/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/04.md b/jhn/06/04.md index 18d76922b5..c15cb78950 100644 --- a/jhn/06/04.md +++ b/jhn/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now the Passover, the Jewish festival, was near John briefly stops telling about the events in the story in order to give background information about when the events happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/05.md b/jhn/06/05.md index e0603490e9..84389d5d0f 100644 --- a/jhn/06/05.md +++ b/jhn/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The action in the story begins in verse 5. - diff --git a/jhn/06/06.md b/jhn/06/06.md index ff39ccbece..22941b08a4 100644 --- a/jhn/06/06.md +++ b/jhn/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John briefly stops telling about the events in the story in order to explain why # for he himself knew The reflexive pronoun "himself" makes it clear that the word "he" refers to Jesus. Jesus knew what he would do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/07.md b/jhn/06/07.md index 77bdef6f6f..baab004f4d 100644 --- a/jhn/06/07.md +++ b/jhn/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Two hundred denarii worth of bread The word "denarii" is the plural of "denarius." Alternate translation: "The amount of bread that costs two hundred days' wages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/08.md b/jhn/06/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/08.md +++ b/jhn/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/09.md b/jhn/06/09.md index 3fc5cc7c6b..e584de9b20 100644 --- a/jhn/06/09.md +++ b/jhn/06/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Loaves of bread are lumps of dough that are shaped and baked. These were probabl # what are these among so many? This remark appears in the form of a question to emphasize that they do not have enough food to feed everyone. Alternate translation: "these few loaves and fishes are not enough to feed so many people!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/10.md b/jhn/06/10.md index 0dd4c9547e..bb81bb472a 100644 --- a/jhn/06/10.md +++ b/jhn/06/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John briefly stops telling about the events in the story in order to give backgr # So the men sat down, about five thousand in number While the crowd probably included women and children ([John 6:4-5](./04.md)), here John is counting only the men. - diff --git a/jhn/06/11.md b/jhn/06/11.md index f5b45d8ba8..14643c92f1 100644 --- a/jhn/06/11.md +++ b/jhn/06/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus prayed to God the Father and thanked him for the fish and the loaves. # he gave it "he" here represents "Jesus and his disciples." Alternate translation: "Jesus and his disciples gave it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/12.md b/jhn/06/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/12.md +++ b/jhn/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/13.md b/jhn/06/13.md index ca2b986bd0..c2d85a003d 100644 --- a/jhn/06/13.md +++ b/jhn/06/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus withdraws from the crowd. This is the end of the part of the story about J # left over the food that no one had eaten - diff --git a/jhn/06/14.md b/jhn/06/14.md index ba347b090d..ffe5288b33 100644 --- a/jhn/06/14.md +++ b/jhn/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus feeding the 5,000 people with five barley loaves and two fish # the prophet the special prophet who Moses said would come into the world - diff --git a/jhn/06/15.md b/jhn/06/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/15.md +++ b/jhn/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/16.md b/jhn/06/16.md index f39c86e710..ffc443017b 100644 --- a/jhn/06/16.md +++ b/jhn/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This is the next event in the story. Jesus's disciples go out onto the lake in a boat. - diff --git a/jhn/06/17.md b/jhn/06/17.md index 10941350e0..54e75c0d4c 100644 --- a/jhn/06/17.md +++ b/jhn/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It was dark by this time, and Jesus had not yet come to them Use your language's way of showing that this is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/18.md b/jhn/06/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/18.md +++ b/jhn/06/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/19.md b/jhn/06/19.md index d839bf0c1c..4df452e9fa 100644 --- a/jhn/06/19.md +++ b/jhn/06/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Boats usually had two, four, or six people rowing with rowers on each side worki # about twenty-five or thirty stadia A "stadium" is 185 meters. Alternate translation: "about five or six kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/20.md b/jhn/06/20.md index 1f44999a2e..6a8cdecc64 100644 --- a/jhn/06/20.md +++ b/jhn/06/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not be afraid "Stop being afraid!" - diff --git a/jhn/06/21.md b/jhn/06/21.md index bdd0445887..59b77cdab6 100644 --- a/jhn/06/21.md +++ b/jhn/06/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they were willing to receive him into the boat It is implied that Jesus gets into the boat. Alternate translation: "they gladly received him into the boat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/22.md b/jhn/06/22.md index b073722af1..22b9c4a975 100644 --- a/jhn/06/22.md +++ b/jhn/06/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # there was no other boat there except the one This double negative emphasizes that the one boat is the only one that was there. Alternate translation: "there was only that one boat there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/23.md b/jhn/06/23.md index 475f60427b..cb667c5046 100644 --- a/jhn/06/23.md +++ b/jhn/06/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Use your language's way of showing that this is background information. (See: [[ # boats that came from Tiberias Here, John provides more background information. The next day, after Jesus fed the people, some boats with people from Tiberius came to see Jesus. However, Jesus and his disciples had left the night before. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/24.md b/jhn/06/24.md index 5dac5f476c..e1ca6c9161 100644 --- a/jhn/06/24.md +++ b/jhn/06/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The people go to Capernaum to find Jesus. When they see him, they start asking him questions. - diff --git a/jhn/06/25.md b/jhn/06/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/25.md +++ b/jhn/06/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/26.md b/jhn/06/26.md index d3abe0b89d..532a704622 100644 --- a/jhn/06/26.md +++ b/jhn/06/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Truly, truly See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). - diff --git a/jhn/06/27.md b/jhn/06/27.md index 9c2849d6c7..5713590d4a 100644 --- a/jhn/06/27.md +++ b/jhn/06/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are important titles that describe the relationship between Jesus and God. # has set his seal on him To "set a seal" on something means to place a mark on it to show to whom it belongs. This means that the Son belongs to the Father and that the Father approves of him in every way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/28.md b/jhn/06/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/28.md +++ b/jhn/06/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/29.md b/jhn/06/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/29.md +++ b/jhn/06/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/30.md b/jhn/06/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/30.md +++ b/jhn/06/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/31.md b/jhn/06/31.md index 5733d62cbc..b739f85f59 100644 --- a/jhn/06/31.md +++ b/jhn/06/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # heaven This refers to the place where God lives. - diff --git a/jhn/06/32.md b/jhn/06/32.md index 22a3dd4130..9534a89c8b 100644 --- a/jhn/06/32.md +++ b/jhn/06/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "true bread" is a metaphor for Jesus. Alternate translation: "the Father giv # my Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/33.md b/jhn/06/33.md index 057553d8e7..a16443ae2b 100644 --- a/jhn/06/33.md +++ b/jhn/06/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the world Here the "world" is a metonym for all of the people in the world who trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/34.md b/jhn/06/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/34.md +++ b/jhn/06/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/35.md b/jhn/06/35.md index 7ca813fc04..93d0b6d614 100644 --- a/jhn/06/35.md +++ b/jhn/06/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Through metaphor, Jesus compares himself with bread. Just as bread is necessary # believes in This means to believe that Jesus is the Son of God, to trust him as Savior, and to live in a way that honors him. - diff --git a/jhn/06/36.md b/jhn/06/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/36.md +++ b/jhn/06/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/37.md b/jhn/06/37.md index 367ac50df3..a8a66705a4 100644 --- a/jhn/06/37.md +++ b/jhn/06/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # he who comes to me I will certainly not throw out This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I will keep everyone who comes to me" - diff --git a/jhn/06/38.md b/jhn/06/38.md index eb60b6b9a2..fb8d66a30d 100644 --- a/jhn/06/38.md +++ b/jhn/06/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to the crowd. # him who sent me "my Father, who sent me" - diff --git a/jhn/06/39.md b/jhn/06/39.md index 9725f82379..b766066bdf 100644 --- a/jhn/06/39.md +++ b/jhn/06/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here litotes is used to emphasize that Jesus will keep everyone that God gives t # will raise them up Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: "will cause them to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/40.md b/jhn/06/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/40.md +++ b/jhn/06/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/41.md b/jhn/06/41.md index 0734e9e898..48721d2809 100644 --- a/jhn/06/41.md +++ b/jhn/06/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ talked unhappily # I am the bread Just as bread is necessary for our physical life, Jesus is necessary for our spiritual life. See how you translated this in [John 6:35](../06/35.md). Alternate translation: "I am the one who is like true bread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/42.md b/jhn/06/42.md index ff218d9492..b224af9401 100644 --- a/jhn/06/42.md +++ b/jhn/06/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to emphasize that the Jewish leade # How then does he now say, 'I have come down from heaven'? This remark appears in the form of a question to emphasize that the Jewish leaders do not believe that Jesus came from heaven. Alternate translation: "He is lying when he says that he came from heaven!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/43.md b/jhn/06/43.md index 6aa00310f4..d5e3754863 100644 --- a/jhn/06/43.md +++ b/jhn/06/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Jesus continues speaking to the crowd and now also to the Jewish leaders. - diff --git a/jhn/06/44.md b/jhn/06/44.md index 488bb8ff2b..10209cd4cb 100644 --- a/jhn/06/44.md +++ b/jhn/06/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can mean 1) "pulls" or 2) "attracts." # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/45.md b/jhn/06/45.md index 9356760675..bf4f453e76 100644 --- a/jhn/06/45.md +++ b/jhn/06/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a passive statement that can be translated in an active form. Alternate # Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me The Jews thought Jesus was the "son of Joseph" ([John 6:42](../06/42.md)), but he is the Son of God because his Father is God, not Joseph. Those who truly learn from God the Father believe in Jesus, who is God the Son. - diff --git a/jhn/06/46.md b/jhn/06/46.md index 2dea5cd7a8..5a1dab7033 100644 --- a/jhn/06/46.md +++ b/jhn/06/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus now continues speaking to the crowd and the Jewish leaders. # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/47.md b/jhn/06/47.md index fda4ce96b3..539fe215d4 100644 --- a/jhn/06/47.md +++ b/jhn/06/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). # he who believes has eternal life God gives "eternal life" to those who trust in Jesus, the Son of God. - diff --git a/jhn/06/48.md b/jhn/06/48.md index 0a66de54f1..b3da388c7c 100644 --- a/jhn/06/48.md +++ b/jhn/06/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am the bread of life Just as bread is necessary for our physical life, Jesus is necessary for our spiritual life. See how you translated this in [John 6:35](../06/35.md). Alternate translation: "Just like food that keeps you alive physically, I can give you spiritual life that lasts forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/49.md b/jhn/06/49.md index b8c35c2db8..a73368f652 100644 --- a/jhn/06/49.md +++ b/jhn/06/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # died This refers to physical death. - diff --git a/jhn/06/50.md b/jhn/06/50.md index 48b7bd3f13..8be3ac7583 100644 --- a/jhn/06/50.md +++ b/jhn/06/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "bread" is a metaphor that points to Jesus who is the one who gives spiritu # not die "live forever." Here the word "die" refers to spiritual death. - diff --git a/jhn/06/51.md b/jhn/06/51.md index 4a6ea0fe99..89cd5081aa 100644 --- a/jhn/06/51.md +++ b/jhn/06/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means "the bread that causes people to live" ([John 6:35](../06/35.md)). # for the life of the world Here "the world" is a metonym that represents the lives of all the people in the world. Alternate translation: "that will give life to all the people in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/52.md b/jhn/06/52.md index 447d1317a8..d48f58d35e 100644 --- a/jhn/06/52.md +++ b/jhn/06/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some Jews who are present begin to argue among themselves and Jesus responds to # How can this man give us his flesh to eat? This remark appears in the form of a question to emphasize that the Jewish leaders are reacting negatively to what Jesus has said about "his flesh." Alternate translation: "There is no way that this man can give us his flesh to eat!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/53.md b/jhn/06/53.md index 2c9b174e43..f16e15835b 100644 --- a/jhn/06/53.md +++ b/jhn/06/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the phrases "eat the flesh" and "drink his blood" are a metaphor that shows # you will not have life in yourselves "you will not receive eternal life" - diff --git a/jhn/06/54.md b/jhn/06/54.md index fa083326b6..68d4b9101c 100644 --- a/jhn/06/54.md +++ b/jhn/06/54.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive ag # at the last day "on the day when God judges everyone" - diff --git a/jhn/06/55.md b/jhn/06/55.md index c2a6aafd94..a496ae5162 100644 --- a/jhn/06/55.md +++ b/jhn/06/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my flesh is true food ... my blood is true drink The phrases "true food" and "true drink" are a metaphor that means Jesus gives life to those who trust in him. However, the Jews did not understand this. Do not make the meaning of this metaphor clearer than Jesus did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/56.md b/jhn/06/56.md index 296233be0d..6566d80b70 100644 --- a/jhn/06/56.md +++ b/jhn/06/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # remains in me, and I in him "has a close relationship with me" - diff --git a/jhn/06/57.md b/jhn/06/57.md index f397c4fa16..c562e406fd 100644 --- a/jhn/06/57.md +++ b/jhn/06/57.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the Father who gives life" or 2) "the Father who is al # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/58.md b/jhn/06/58.md index bef96b843b..fa0c2d4ffd 100644 --- a/jhn/06/58.md +++ b/jhn/06/58.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "eats this bread" is a metaphor for trusting Jesus. However, the Jews did n # the fathers "the forefathers" or "the ancestors" - diff --git a/jhn/06/59.md b/jhn/06/59.md index b745988ca4..f115e0b683 100644 --- a/jhn/06/59.md +++ b/jhn/06/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus said these things in the synagogue ... in Capernaum Here John gives background information about when this event happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/60.md b/jhn/06/60.md index 32fdcb737f..09f46f6fb9 100644 --- a/jhn/06/60.md +++ b/jhn/06/60.md @@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ Some of the disciples ask a question and Jesus responds, as he continues speaking to the crowd. -# who can hear it? +# who can hear it? + The disciples use this question to emphasize that they cannot do this. Alternate translation: "no one can hear it!" or "it is too hard to hear!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -# hear it +# hear it + Possible meanings are 1) "hear it" is a synecdoche for "understand it" or 2) "hear it" is a synecdoche for "agree with it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - - diff --git a/jhn/06/61.md b/jhn/06/61.md index ea5f12fea3..910bffed4d 100644 --- a/jhn/06/61.md +++ b/jhn/06/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Does this offend you? "Does this shock you?" or "Does this upset you?" - diff --git a/jhn/06/62.md b/jhn/06/62.md index 4b7223f516..ce972d4849 100644 --- a/jhn/06/62.md +++ b/jhn/06/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then what if you should see the Son of Man going up to where he was before? Jesus offers this remark in the form of a question to emphasize that his disciples will see other things that are also hard to understand. Alternate translation: "Then you will not know what to think when you see me, the Son of Man, going up into heaven!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/63.md b/jhn/06/63.md index 3e7febb195..33b153f659 100644 --- a/jhn/06/63.md +++ b/jhn/06/63.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Jesus's words in [John 6:32-58](./32.md) or 2) everythi # are spirit, and they are life Possible meanings are 1) "are about the Spirit and eternal life" or 2) "are from the Spirit and give eternal life" or 3) "are about spiritual things and life." - diff --git a/jhn/06/64.md b/jhn/06/64.md index df0a3c1b32..0511896c6d 100644 --- a/jhn/06/64.md +++ b/jhn/06/64.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus finishes speaking to the crowd. # For Jesus knew from the beginning who were the ones ... who it was who would betray him Here John gives background information about what Jesus knew would happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/65.md b/jhn/06/65.md index 42a3ca83fc..f38089fdc6 100644 --- a/jhn/06/65.md +++ b/jhn/06/65.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # come to me "follow me and receive eternal life" - diff --git a/jhn/06/66.md b/jhn/06/66.md index e12bc16872..f0698f2dbd 100644 --- a/jhn/06/66.md +++ b/jhn/06/66.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus went from one place to another by walking, so it is literally true that th # his disciples Here "his disciples" refers to the general group of people who followed Jesus. - diff --git a/jhn/06/67.md b/jhn/06/67.md index d5959ae4c6..7cab1945e9 100644 --- a/jhn/06/67.md +++ b/jhn/06/67.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the twelve This is an ellipsis for "the twelve disciples," a specific group of twelve men who followed Jesus for his entire ministry. Alternate translation: "the twelve disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/68.md b/jhn/06/68.md index 6d304bba69..22c0f92022 100644 --- a/jhn/06/68.md +++ b/jhn/06/68.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lord, to whom would we go? Simon Peter gives this remark in the form of a question to emphasize that he desires to follow only Jesus. Alternate translation: "Lord, we could never follow anyone but you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/69.md b/jhn/06/69.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/06/69.md +++ b/jhn/06/69.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/06/70.md b/jhn/06/70.md index ff876f2cbb..c8526c8cd6 100644 --- a/jhn/06/70.md +++ b/jhn/06/70.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did not I choose you, the twelve, and one of you is a devil? Jesus gives this remark in the form of a question to draw attention to the fact that one of the disciples will betray him. Alternate translation: "I chose you all myself, yet one of you is a servant of Satan!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/71.md b/jhn/06/71.md index a38677b042..743b58c46f 100644 --- a/jhn/06/71.md +++ b/jhn/06/71.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verse 71 is not part of the main story. Here John comments on what Jesus said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/06/intro.md b/jhn/06/intro.md index 31d5261adc..2c5dc1c7c1 100644 --- a/jhn/06/intro.md +++ b/jhn/06/intro.md @@ -1,27 +1,28 @@ # John 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### King +### King The king of any nation was the richest and most powerful person in that nation. The people wanted Jesus to be their king because he gave them food and so they thought he would make the Jews into the richest and most powerful nation in the world. They did not understand that Jesus came to die so God could forgive his people's sins and that the world would persecute his people. -### Important metaphors in this chapter +## Important metaphors in this chapter -#### Bread +### Bread Bread was the most common and important food in Jesus's day, and so the word "bread" was their general word for "food." It is often difficult to translate the word "bread" into the languages of people who do not eat bread because the general word for food in some languages refers to food that did not exist in Jesus's culture. Jesus used the word "bread" to refer to himself. He wanted them to understand that they need him so they can have eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) -#### Eating the flesh and drinking the blood +### Eating the flesh and drinking the blood When Jesus said, "Unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you will not have life in yourselves," he knew that before he died he would tell his followers to do this by eating bread and drinking wine. In the event this chapter describes, he expected that his hearers would understand that he was using a metaphor but would not understand what the metaphor referred to. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Parenthetical Ideas -#### Parenthetical Ideas Several times in this passage, John explains something or gives the reader some context to better understand the story. These explanation are intended to give the reader some additional knowledge without interrupting the flow of the narrative. The information is placed inside parentheses. -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 6;26](./26.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -30,4 +31,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 6;26](./26.md * __[John 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/07/01.md b/jhn/07/01.md index 1926fd1c51..a273145ca5 100644 --- a/jhn/07/01.md +++ b/jhn/07/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The reader should understand that Jesus is probably walking rather than riding o # the Jews were seeking to kill him Here "the Jews" is a synecdoche for "the Jewish leaders." Alternate translation: "the Jewish leaders were making plans to kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/02.md b/jhn/07/02.md index 59515f330a..3bdadad92b 100644 --- a/jhn/07/02.md +++ b/jhn/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now the Jewish Festival of Shelters was near "Now the time for the festival of the Jews was near" or "Now it was almost time for the Jewish festival of Shelters" - diff --git a/jhn/07/03.md b/jhn/07/03.md index 0b69561037..f9b8a66de9 100644 --- a/jhn/07/03.md +++ b/jhn/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the actual younger brothers of Jesus, the sons of Mary and Joseph # the works that you do The word "works" refers to the miracles that Jesus had performed. - diff --git a/jhn/07/04.md b/jhn/07/04.md index bfc9335f10..c540d14cfb 100644 --- a/jhn/07/04.md +++ b/jhn/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "himself" is a reflexive pronoun that emphasizes the word "he." (See: [ # the world Here "the world" is a metonym for all of the people in the world. Alternate translation: "all people" or "everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/05.md b/jhn/07/05.md index d24859e775..82f3fc9049 100644 --- a/jhn/07/05.md +++ b/jhn/07/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This sentence is a stop from the main story. Here John gives background informat # his brothers All of Jesus's brothers were younger than he was. This can be made explicit in the translation as long as it does not suggest that Jesus also had older brothers. Alternate translation: "his younger brothers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/06.md b/jhn/07/06.md index a2b85ba7dd..7061bbe2dc 100644 --- a/jhn/07/06.md +++ b/jhn/07/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "time" is a metonym. Jesus is implying that it is not the right time fo # your time is always ready "any time is good for you" - diff --git a/jhn/07/07.md b/jhn/07/07.md index 2d70600d82..9a213d6987 100644 --- a/jhn/07/07.md +++ b/jhn/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "world" is a metonym for the people who live in the world. Alternate tr # I testify about it that its works are evil "I tell them that what they are doing is evil" - diff --git a/jhn/07/08.md b/jhn/07/08.md index 3ecb5a7440..810b863bca 100644 --- a/jhn/07/08.md +++ b/jhn/07/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to his brothers. # my time has not yet been fulfilled Here Jesus is implying that if he goes to Jerusalem, he will bring his work to an end. Alternate translation: "It is not the right time for me to go to Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/09.md b/jhn/07/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/07/09.md +++ b/jhn/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/07/10.md b/jhn/07/10.md index 7c6a2142ae..8e55fc926f 100644 --- a/jhn/07/10.md +++ b/jhn/07/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jerusalem is at a higher elevation than Galilee where Jesus and his brothers wer # not publicly but in secret These two phrases mean the same thing. The idea is repeated for emphasis. Alternate translation: "very secretly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/11.md b/jhn/07/11.md index 0b27720f8c..601b10e7e5 100644 --- a/jhn/07/11.md +++ b/jhn/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Jews were looking for him Here the word "Jews"is a synecdoche for "the Jewish leaders." The word "him" refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: "The Jewish leaders were looking for Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/12.md b/jhn/07/12.md index 6681103e73..2137139823 100644 --- a/jhn/07/12.md +++ b/jhn/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he leads the crowds astray Here "leads ... astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: "he deceives the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/13.md b/jhn/07/13.md index bbff1be45a..c380f2338a 100644 --- a/jhn/07/13.md +++ b/jhn/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the unpleasant feeling a person has when there is a threat of har # the Jews The word "Jews" is a synecdoche for the leaders of the Jews who opposed Jesus. Alternate translation: "the Jewish leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/14.md b/jhn/07/14.md index c9d7941f90..90b7f0e4ff 100644 --- a/jhn/07/14.md +++ b/jhn/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jesus is now teaching the Jews in the temple. - diff --git a/jhn/07/15.md b/jhn/07/15.md index a694cfda11..7a5e3fa569 100644 --- a/jhn/07/15.md +++ b/jhn/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How does this man know so much? The remark appears in the form of a question to emphasize the Jewish leaders' surprise that Jesus has so much knowledge. Alternate translation: "It is amazing how much he knows about the scriptures!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/16.md b/jhn/07/16.md index ef5404a090..e7f8b6e610 100644 --- a/jhn/07/16.md +++ b/jhn/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but is of him who sent me "but comes from God, the one who sent me" - diff --git a/jhn/07/17.md b/jhn/07/17.md index b694890486..dce12ac7aa 100644 --- a/jhn/07/17.md +++ b/jhn/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Jesus continues speaking to the Jews. - diff --git a/jhn/07/18.md b/jhn/07/18.md index 12967706fe..fd2554ae31 100644 --- a/jhn/07/18.md +++ b/jhn/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but whoever seeks the glory of him who sent him, that person is true, and there is no unrighteousness in him "when a person only seeks to honor the one who sent him, that person is speaking the truth. He does not lie" - diff --git a/jhn/07/19.md b/jhn/07/19.md index edd9e54b05..5d47363e38 100644 --- a/jhn/07/19.md +++ b/jhn/07/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate transla # Why do you seek to kill me? Jesus questions the motives of the Jewish leaders who want to kill him for breaking the law of Moses. He implies that the leaders themselves do not keep that same Law. Alternate translation: "You break the Law yourselves and yet you want to kill me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/20.md b/jhn/07/20.md index b0dbdd4429..d1a9b75b92 100644 --- a/jhn/07/20.md +++ b/jhn/07/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Who seeks to kill you? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "No one is trying to kill you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/21.md b/jhn/07/21.md index 5a00d6f651..36c029e4a3 100644 --- a/jhn/07/21.md +++ b/jhn/07/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you all marvel "you all are shocked" - diff --git a/jhn/07/22.md b/jhn/07/22.md index 8d9f53bbed..1bbc1ea59f 100644 --- a/jhn/07/22.md +++ b/jhn/07/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus implies that the act of circumcision also involves work. Alternate transla # on the Sabbath "on the Jewish Day of Rest" - diff --git a/jhn/07/23.md b/jhn/07/23.md index 36b7b54c7e..ca005b6730 100644 --- a/jhn/07/23.md +++ b/jhn/07/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate transla # on the Sabbath "on the Jewish Day of Rest" - diff --git a/jhn/07/24.md b/jhn/07/24.md index 9e2d431904..e6a9c68b2f 100644 --- a/jhn/07/24.md +++ b/jhn/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not judge according to appearance, but judge righteously Jesus implies that the people should not decide what is right, based only on what they can see. Behind the action is a motive that cannot be seen. Alternate translation: "Stop judging people according to what you see! Be more concerned with what is right according to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/25.md b/jhn/07/25.md index 15d8ca22ca..d5cd8e30c7 100644 --- a/jhn/07/25.md +++ b/jhn/07/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is not this the one they seek to kill? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "This is Jesus whom they are seeking to kill!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/26.md b/jhn/07/26.md index a9fc6a02b4..fd7fe205b9 100644 --- a/jhn/07/26.md +++ b/jhn/07/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This implies that the Jewish leaders are not opposing Jesus. Alternate translati # It cannot be that the rulers indeed know that this is the Christ, can it? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "Maybe they have decided that he is truly the Messiah!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/27.md b/jhn/07/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/07/27.md +++ b/jhn/07/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/07/28.md b/jhn/07/28.md index 1c05166767..8c3f0090e7 100644 --- a/jhn/07/28.md +++ b/jhn/07/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ John uses irony in this statement. The people believe that Jesus is from Nazaret # he who sent me is true "God is the one who sent me and he is true" - diff --git a/jhn/07/29.md b/jhn/07/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/07/29.md +++ b/jhn/07/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/07/30.md b/jhn/07/30.md index ec60f8ae69..f554d2db89 100644 --- a/jhn/07/30.md +++ b/jhn/07/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his hour had not yet come The word "hour" is a metonym that represents the right time for Jesus to be arrested, according to God's plan. Alternate translation: "it was not the right time to arrest him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/31.md b/jhn/07/31.md index 3e297f1dd7..e4c75f1c25 100644 --- a/jhn/07/31.md +++ b/jhn/07/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate transla # signs This refers to the miracles that prove that Jesus is the Christ. - diff --git a/jhn/07/32.md b/jhn/07/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/07/32.md +++ b/jhn/07/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/07/33.md b/jhn/07/33.md index 8b1bafa61d..c057fdb4cc 100644 --- a/jhn/07/33.md +++ b/jhn/07/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # then I go to him who sent me Here Jesus refers to God the Father, who sent him. - diff --git a/jhn/07/34.md b/jhn/07/34.md index e6b08164e3..89b39dfcbb 100644 --- a/jhn/07/34.md +++ b/jhn/07/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where I go, you will not be able to come "you will not be able to come to the place where I am" - diff --git a/jhn/07/35.md b/jhn/07/35.md index 93a4896fa4..fe48a20dcc 100644 --- a/jhn/07/35.md +++ b/jhn/07/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "Jews" is a synecdoche that represents the leaders of the Jews who opposed J # the dispersion This refers to the Jews that were spread all across the Greek world, outside of Palestine. - diff --git a/jhn/07/36.md b/jhn/07/36.md index de7035a097..ed69fddc40 100644 --- a/jhn/07/36.md +++ b/jhn/07/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What is this word that he said This "word" is a metonym which stands for the meaning of the message that Jesus had shared, which the Jewish leaders had failed to understand. Alternate translation: "What is he talking about when he said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/37.md b/jhn/07/37.md index f4bc9aa28a..cd4896767d 100644 --- a/jhn/07/37.md +++ b/jhn/07/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "thirsty" is a metaphor that means one's great desire for the thin # let him come to me and drink The word "drink" is a metaphor that means to receive the spiritual life that Jesus provides. Alternate translation: "let him come to me and quench his spiritual thirst" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/38.md b/jhn/07/38.md index dac89af356..dad24f2e8d 100644 --- a/jhn/07/38.md +++ b/jhn/07/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "water that gives life" or 2) "water that causes people # from his belly Here the belly represents the inside of a person, specifically the non-physical part of a person. Alternate translation: "from inside of him" or "from his heart" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/39.md b/jhn/07/39.md index fd68d3d1be..66180297de 100644 --- a/jhn/07/39.md +++ b/jhn/07/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ John implies that the Spirit would later come to live in those who trusted Jesus # because Jesus was not yet glorified Here the word "glorified" refers to the time when God would honor the Son after his death and resurrection. - diff --git a/jhn/07/40.md b/jhn/07/40.md index bea5e74973..5014cebc23 100644 --- a/jhn/07/40.md +++ b/jhn/07/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is indeed the prophet By saying this, the people are indicating that they believe Jesus is the prophet like Moses that God had promised to send. Alternate translation: "This is indeed the prophet who is like Moses that we have been waiting for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/41.md b/jhn/07/41.md index 59558f08de..3831616697 100644 --- a/jhn/07/41.md +++ b/jhn/07/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Does the Christ come from Galilee? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "The Christ cannot come from Galilee!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/42.md b/jhn/07/42.md index 8288f9a3e6..59e726bb50 100644 --- a/jhn/07/42.md +++ b/jhn/07/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The scriptures are referred to as if they were actually speaking as a person spe # where David was "where David lived" - diff --git a/jhn/07/43.md b/jhn/07/43.md index 111066e0a5..2e2d3bc8bc 100644 --- a/jhn/07/43.md +++ b/jhn/07/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So there arose a division in the crowds because of him The crowds could not agree about who or what Jesus was. - diff --git a/jhn/07/44.md b/jhn/07/44.md index 33981c00bb..0d3dec1fd3 100644 --- a/jhn/07/44.md +++ b/jhn/07/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but no one laid hands on him To lay hands on someone is an idiom which means to grab him or to hold onto him. Alternate translation: "but no one grabbed him to arrest him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/45.md b/jhn/07/45.md index 6ecf55ac12..80ce125b0d 100644 --- a/jhn/07/45.md +++ b/jhn/07/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the officers "the temple guards" - diff --git a/jhn/07/46.md b/jhn/07/46.md index 447113fb1f..257512932b 100644 --- a/jhn/07/46.md +++ b/jhn/07/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Never has anyone spoken like this The officers exaggerate to show how impressed they are by what Jesus said. You may need to make explicit that the officers were not claiming to know everything that every person in all times and places had ever said. Alternate translation: "We have never heard anyone say such amazing things as this man!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/47.md b/jhn/07/47.md index 184cd28643..e8a7ea1955 100644 --- a/jhn/07/47.md +++ b/jhn/07/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Have you also been deceived? The remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. The Pharisees are shocked at the response of the officers. Alternate translation: "You have been deceived too!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/48.md b/jhn/07/48.md index 957493f906..8016066c59 100644 --- a/jhn/07/48.md +++ b/jhn/07/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Have any of the rulers believed in him, or any of the Pharisees? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "None of the rulers or Pharisees have believed in him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/49.md b/jhn/07/49.md index db5fef2409..fb422ae4df 100644 --- a/jhn/07/49.md +++ b/jhn/07/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a reference to the law of the Pharisees and not the law of Moses. # But this crowd that does not know the law, they are cursed "As for this crowd that does not know the law, God will cause them to perish!" - diff --git a/jhn/07/50.md b/jhn/07/50.md index 01baa684c5..58c9217cf2 100644 --- a/jhn/07/50.md +++ b/jhn/07/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one of the Pharisees, who came to him earlier John provides this information to remind us of who Nicodemus is. Your language may have a special way to mark background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/51.md b/jhn/07/51.md index 0f5f56c565..d4393669ac 100644 --- a/jhn/07/51.md +++ b/jhn/07/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. This can be trans # Does our law judge a man ... does? Here Nicodemus speaks of the law as if it were a person. If this is not natural in your language, you may translate it with a personal subject. Alternate translation: "Do we judge a man ... does?" or "We do not judge a man ... does." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jhn/07/52.md b/jhn/07/52.md index 6864c3afb0..bf088cd744 100644 --- a/jhn/07/52.md +++ b/jhn/07/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an ellipsis. You may wish to include the information that does not appea # no prophet comes from Galilee This probably refers to the belief that Jesus was born in Galilee. - diff --git a/jhn/07/53.md b/jhn/07/53.md index 13eb00ceb0..a13e77e7ea 100644 --- a/jhn/07/53.md +++ b/jhn/07/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: -The best early texts do not have 7:53-8:11. The ULB has set them apart in square brackets ([ ]) to show that John probably did not include them in his original text. Translators are encouraged to translate them, to set them apart with square brackets, and to include a footnote like the one written on [John 7:53](../07/53.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - +The best early texts do not have 7:53-8:11. The ULB has set them apart in square brackets ([]) to show that John probably did not include them in his original text. Translators are encouraged to translate them, to set them apart with square brackets, and to include a footnote like the one written on [John 7:53](../07/53.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) diff --git a/jhn/07/intro.md b/jhn/07/intro.md index 7341294d41..f26304eb43 100644 --- a/jhn/07/intro.md +++ b/jhn/07/intro.md @@ -1,33 +1,39 @@ # John 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This whole chapter concerns the concept of believing Jesus to be the Messiah. Some people believed this to be true while others rejected it. Some were willing to recognize his power and even the possibility that he was a prophet, but most were unwilling to believe that he was the Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) Translators may wish to include a note at verse 53 to explain to the reader why they have chosen or chosen not to translate verses 7:53-8:11. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "My time has not yet come" -This phrase and "his hour had not yet come" are used in this chapter to indicate that Jesus is in control of the events unfolding in his life. +### "My time has not yet come" -#### "Living water" -This is an important image used in the New Testament. It is a metaphor. Because this metaphor is given in a desert environment, it probably emphasizes that Jesus is able to give life sustaining nourishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +This phrase and "his hour had not yet come" are used in this chapter to indicate that Jesus is in control of the events unfolding in his life. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +### "Living water" -#### Prophecy -Jesus gives a prophecy about his life without an explicit statement in [John 7:33-34](./33.md). +This is an important image used in the New Testament. It is a metaphor. Because this metaphor is given in a desert environment, it probably emphasizes that Jesus is able to give life sustaining nourishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Irony -Nicodemus explains to the other Pharisees that the Law requires him to hear directly from a person before making a judgment about them. The Pharisees in turn made a judgment about Jesus without speaking to Jesus. +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +### Prophecy + +Jesus gives a prophecy about his life without an explicit statement in [John 7:33-34](./33.md). + +### Irony + +Nicodemus explains to the other Pharisees that the Law requires him to hear directly from a person before making a judgment about them. The Pharisees in turn made a judgment about Jesus without speaking to Jesus. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Did not believe in him" -#### "Did not believe in him" Jesus's brothers did not believe Jesus was the Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### "The Jews" +### "The Jews" + This term is used in two different ways in this passage. It is used specifically in reference to the Jewish leaders who were trying to kill him ([John 7:1](../../jhn/07/01.md)). It is also used in reference to the people of Judea in general who had a positive opinion of Jesus ([John 7:13](../../jhn/07/13.md)). The translator may wish to use the terms "Jewish leaders" and "Jewish people" or "Jews (leaders)" and "Jews (in general)." ## Links: @@ -35,4 +41,3 @@ This term is used in two different ways in this passage. It is used specifically * __[John 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/08/01.md b/jhn/08/01.md index 19e1b15a6c..2a3cd25832 100644 --- a/jhn/08/01.md +++ b/jhn/08/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ While some texts have 7:53-8:11, the best and earliest texts do not include them # Connecting Statement: Verse 1 tells us where Jesus went at the end of the previous chapter. - diff --git a/jhn/08/02.md b/jhn/08/02.md index 4ed4a2cf77..3c3f2d419b 100644 --- a/jhn/08/02.md +++ b/jhn/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the people This is a general way of speaking. It means "many people." - diff --git a/jhn/08/03.md b/jhn/08/03.md index 32b82723f7..ebeae78afc 100644 --- a/jhn/08/03.md +++ b/jhn/08/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the phrase "the scribes and the Pharisees" is a synecdoche that represents # a woman caught in the act of adultery This is a passive statement. You may translate it in an active form. Alternate translation: "a woman whom they had found committing adultery" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/04.md b/jhn/08/04.md index 14b3caff65..33815e5745 100644 --- a/jhn/08/04.md +++ b/jhn/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: While some texts have 7:53-8:11, the best and earliest texts do not include them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/05.md b/jhn/08/05.md index 34d4b63ed2..241331c25d 100644 --- a/jhn/08/05.md +++ b/jhn/08/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what do you say about her? "so you tell us. What should we do about her?" - diff --git a/jhn/08/06.md b/jhn/08/06.md index 2dafb518b3..6b94a98259 100644 --- a/jhn/08/06.md +++ b/jhn/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to use a trick question. # so that they might have something to accuse him about What they would accuse him of can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "so that they could accuse him of saying something wrong" or "so that they could accuse him of not obeying the law of Moses or the Roman law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/07.md b/jhn/08/07.md index a096f4d1e5..089bd605f4 100644 --- a/jhn/08/07.md +++ b/jhn/08/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "sin" can be expressed with the verb sin. Alternate translatio # let him "let that person" - diff --git a/jhn/08/08.md b/jhn/08/08.md index ed226cc021..0fa0471575 100644 --- a/jhn/08/08.md +++ b/jhn/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he stooped down "he bent down" - diff --git a/jhn/08/09.md b/jhn/08/09.md index 68a3b7ac61..3cef8b1271 100644 --- a/jhn/08/09.md +++ b/jhn/08/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ While some texts have 7:53-8:11, the best and earliest texts do not include them # one by one "one after another" - diff --git a/jhn/08/10.md b/jhn/08/10.md index 6e1287572d..4f0c8b0a72 100644 --- a/jhn/08/10.md +++ b/jhn/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Woman, where are your accusers When Jesus called her "woman," he was not trying to make her feel insignificant. If people in your language group would think that he was doing that, this can be translated without the word "Woman." - diff --git a/jhn/08/11.md b/jhn/08/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/08/11.md +++ b/jhn/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/08/12.md b/jhn/08/12.md index a2b2f908e1..90d9f9e3be 100644 --- a/jhn/08/12.md +++ b/jhn/08/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ To "walk in darkness" is a metaphor for living a sinful life. Alternate translat # light of life The "light of life" is a metaphor for the truth from God that gives spiritual life. Alternate translation: "truth that brings eternal life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/13.md b/jhn/08/13.md index 47431af117..b546151965 100644 --- a/jhn/08/13.md +++ b/jhn/08/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your testimony is not true The Pharisees are implying that the witness of only one person is not true because it cannot be verified. Alternate translation: "you cannot be your own witness" or "what you say about yourself may not be true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/14.md b/jhn/08/14.md index 0a91380f5d..8d703887fb 100644 --- a/jhn/08/14.md +++ b/jhn/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Even if I testify about myself "Even if I say these things about myself" - diff --git a/jhn/08/15.md b/jhn/08/15.md index 2e26a33a28..768dd08dd1 100644 --- a/jhn/08/15.md +++ b/jhn/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I judge no one Possible meanings are 1) "I do not judge anyone yet" or 2) "I am not judging anyone now." - diff --git a/jhn/08/16.md b/jhn/08/16.md index eaf925df96..6d2809533a 100644 --- a/jhn/08/16.md +++ b/jhn/08/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The Father and the Son judge together. Alternate translation: "the Father who se # the Father This is an important title for God. If your language must state whose Father this is, you could say "my Father" since Jesus switches to that in the following verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/17.md b/jhn/08/17.md index 4df669afaa..a280e45d06 100644 --- a/jhn/08/17.md +++ b/jhn/08/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a passive phrase. You may translate it in an active form with a personal # the testimony of two men is true The logic implied here is that one person can verify the words of another. Alternate translation: "if two men say the same thing, then people know it is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/18.md b/jhn/08/18.md index bd023506c5..7765ee25b3 100644 --- a/jhn/08/18.md +++ b/jhn/08/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Father also testifies about Jesus. You could make it explicit that this mean # the Father This is an important title for God. If your language must state whose Father this is, you could say "my Father" since Jesus switches to that in the following verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/19.md b/jhn/08/19.md index 432d8f1e80..311408406c 100644 --- a/jhn/08/19.md +++ b/jhn/08/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus indicates that to know him is to also know the Father. Both Father and Son # my Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/20.md b/jhn/08/20.md index 3a0d2974d6..b720fe2960 100644 --- a/jhn/08/20.md +++ b/jhn/08/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here there is a break in Jesus's speaking where the author give us background in # his hour had not yet come The word "hour" is a metonym for the time for Jesus to die. Alternate translation: "it was not yet the right time for Jesus to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/21.md b/jhn/08/21.md index 16bd467ff3..4f41b565d6 100644 --- a/jhn/08/21.md +++ b/jhn/08/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "die" refers to spiritual death. Alternate translation: "die while # you cannot come "you are not able to come" - diff --git a/jhn/08/22.md b/jhn/08/22.md index 3a2ea18fbe..a130f7b71f 100644 --- a/jhn/08/22.md +++ b/jhn/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Jews said Here "Jews" is a synecdoche for "the Jewish leaders." Alternate translation: "The Jewish leaders said" or "The Jewish authorities said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/23.md b/jhn/08/23.md index 6c9ea6d1e3..dca664a847 100644 --- a/jhn/08/23.md +++ b/jhn/08/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # I am not of this world "I do not belong to this world" - diff --git a/jhn/08/24.md b/jhn/08/24.md index c607f17053..bb3bd09426 100644 --- a/jhn/08/24.md +++ b/jhn/08/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that I AM Possible meanings are 1) Jesus is identifying himself as Yahweh, who identified himself to Moses as "I AM," or 2) Jesus expects the people to understand that he is referring to what he already has already said about himself: "I am from above." - diff --git a/jhn/08/25.md b/jhn/08/25.md index 19097a2a60..0d37146034 100644 --- a/jhn/08/25.md +++ b/jhn/08/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They said The word "They" refers to the Jewish leaders ([John 8:22](../08/22.md)). - diff --git a/jhn/08/26.md b/jhn/08/26.md index 4562ff77ad..150c0e40a9 100644 --- a/jhn/08/26.md +++ b/jhn/08/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these things I say to the world Here the "world" is a metonym for the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "these things I say to all the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/27.md b/jhn/08/27.md index 14ad70015c..76e4f80a80 100644 --- a/jhn/08/27.md +++ b/jhn/08/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Father This is a special title for God. Some languages may require the use of a possessive before the noun. Alternate translation: "his Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/28.md b/jhn/08/28.md index a8dd7d08cf..3f169cada2 100644 --- a/jhn/08/28.md +++ b/jhn/08/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Jesus is identifying himself as Yahweh, who identified # As the Father taught me, I speak these things "I am only saying what my Father taught me to say." The word "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/29.md b/jhn/08/29.md index 247b31b812..d13373f878 100644 --- a/jhn/08/29.md +++ b/jhn/08/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He who sent me The word "He" refers to God. - diff --git a/jhn/08/30.md b/jhn/08/30.md index eb51201ca8..709fe21962 100644 --- a/jhn/08/30.md +++ b/jhn/08/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # many believed in him "many people trusted him" - diff --git a/jhn/08/31.md b/jhn/08/31.md index 1daffe80d4..e643ee3aa7 100644 --- a/jhn/08/31.md +++ b/jhn/08/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means "to obey Jesus." Alternate translation: "obey what I # my disciples "my followers" - diff --git a/jhn/08/32.md b/jhn/08/32.md index 1dd4c36f67..6ee7f9481b 100644 --- a/jhn/08/32.md +++ b/jhn/08/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is personification. Jesus speaks of "the truth" as if it were a person. Alt # the truth This refers to what Jesus reveals about God. Alternate translation: "what is true about God" - diff --git a/jhn/08/33.md b/jhn/08/33.md index 72e00054ed..73574f849b 100644 --- a/jhn/08/33.md +++ b/jhn/08/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # how can you say, 'You will be set free'? This remark appears in the form of a question to express the Jewish leaders' shock at what Jesus has said. Alternate translation: "We do not need to be set free!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/34.md b/jhn/08/34.md index 31ee77ba0c..24156561f9 100644 --- a/jhn/08/34.md +++ b/jhn/08/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). # is the slave of sin Here the word "slave" is a metaphor. This implies that "sin" is like a master for the one who sins. Alternate translation: "is like a slave to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/35.md b/jhn/08/35.md index 76d74f48db..c44bb89936 100644 --- a/jhn/08/35.md +++ b/jhn/08/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "house" is a metonym for "family." Alternate translation: "as a permanent m # the son remains forever This is an ellipsis. You may translate it by including the implied words. Alternate translation: "the son is a member of the family forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/36.md b/jhn/08/36.md index bd6fec294d..35d362de03 100644 --- a/jhn/08/36.md +++ b/jhn/08/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that Jesus is talking about freedom from sin, which is a metaphor # if the Son sets you free "Son" is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. Jesus was speaking about himself. Alternate translation: "If I, the Son, set you free" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/37.md b/jhn/08/37.md index 14605e6022..a7ae97a865 100644 --- a/jhn/08/37.md +++ b/jhn/08/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to the Jews. # my word has no place in you Here "word" is a metonym for the "teachings" or "message" of Jesus, which the Jewish leaders do not accept. Alternate translation: "you do not accept my teachings" or "you do not allow my message to change your life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/38.md b/jhn/08/38.md index e4ed88b528..1b84f57dd1 100644 --- a/jhn/08/38.md +++ b/jhn/08/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you also do what you heard from your father The Jewish leaders do not understand that by "your father" Jesus is referring to the devil. Alternate translation: "you also continue doing what your father has told you to do" - diff --git a/jhn/08/39.md b/jhn/08/39.md index dab6126984..de073d2331 100644 --- a/jhn/08/39.md +++ b/jhn/08/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # father forefather - diff --git a/jhn/08/40.md b/jhn/08/40.md index 2d69f3c3ca..47b4fec9fa 100644 --- a/jhn/08/40.md +++ b/jhn/08/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abraham did not do this "Abraham never tried to kill anyone who told him the true revelation from God" - diff --git a/jhn/08/41.md b/jhn/08/41.md index 0dc7c45fa3..c1bd87ff37 100644 --- a/jhn/08/41.md +++ b/jhn/08/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the Jewish leaders imply that Jesus does not know who his real father is. A # we have one Father: God Here the Jewish leaders claim God as their spiritual Father. This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/42.md b/jhn/08/42.md index e092e5f48b..9ef2045565 100644 --- a/jhn/08/42.md +++ b/jhn/08/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # love The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. - diff --git a/jhn/08/43.md b/jhn/08/43.md index 19a8a49003..9ee595bc53 100644 --- a/jhn/08/43.md +++ b/jhn/08/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is using this question mainly to rebuke the Jewish leaders for not listeni # It is because you cannot hear my words Here "words" is a metonym for the "teachings" of Jesus. Alternate translation: "It is because you will not accept my teachings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/44.md b/jhn/08/44.md index 8f9c7c3025..d83096f745 100644 --- a/jhn/08/44.md +++ b/jhn/08/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the father of lies Here "father" is a metaphor for the one who originates all lies. Alternate translation: "he is the one who created all lies in the beginning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/45.md b/jhn/08/45.md index 6f8de2a664..0f39ae9558 100644 --- a/jhn/08/45.md +++ b/jhn/08/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to the Jews. # because I speak the truth "because I tell you true things about God" - diff --git a/jhn/08/46.md b/jhn/08/46.md index 7544153f31..99fbeb46e6 100644 --- a/jhn/08/46.md +++ b/jhn/08/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to emphasize that he has never sinned. Alternate transl # why do you not believe me? Jesus uses this question to scold the Jewish leaders for their unbelief. Alternate translation: "you have no reason for not believing in me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/47.md b/jhn/08/47.md index d9151e0e3a..e0a06783e1 100644 --- a/jhn/08/47.md +++ b/jhn/08/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the words of God Here "words" is a metonym for the "message" of God. Alternate translation: "the message of God" or "the truth that comes from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/48.md b/jhn/08/48.md index dcab7e6f68..8dde9cfe2c 100644 --- a/jhn/08/48.md +++ b/jhn/08/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "Jews" is a synecdoche that represents the "Jewish leaders" who opposed Jesu # Do we not truly say that you are a Samaritan and have a demon? The Jewish leaders use this question to accuse Jesus and to dishonor him. Alternate translation: "We are certainly right in saying that you are a Samaritan and that a demon lives in you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/49.md b/jhn/08/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/08/49.md +++ b/jhn/08/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/08/50.md b/jhn/08/50.md index 2e6e4c2365..7a663b6a57 100644 --- a/jhn/08/50.md +++ b/jhn/08/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues answering the Jews. # there is one seeking and judging This refers to God. - diff --git a/jhn/08/51.md b/jhn/08/51.md index 02fd3796bd..b152604506 100644 --- a/jhn/08/51.md +++ b/jhn/08/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "word" is a metonym for the "teachings" of Jesus. Alternate translation: "o # see death This is an idiom that means to experience death. Here Jesus is referring to spiritual death. Alternate translation: "die spiritually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/52.md b/jhn/08/52.md index a50eb54c5a..21d58243d1 100644 --- a/jhn/08/52.md +++ b/jhn/08/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Jews" is a metonym for the "Jewish leaders" who opposed Jesus. Alternate t # taste death This is an idiom that means to experience death. The Jewish leaders mistakenly assume that Jesus is speaking only about physical death. Alternate translation: "die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/53.md b/jhn/08/53.md index 0097176581..0f5319cc5f 100644 --- a/jhn/08/53.md +++ b/jhn/08/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ forefather # Who do you make yourself out to be? The Jews use this question to rebuke Jesus for thinking that he is more important than Abraham. Alternate translation: "You should not think that you are so important!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/54.md b/jhn/08/54.md index 24659ce512..4ef57d9711 100644 --- a/jhn/08/54.md +++ b/jhn/08/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is my Father who glorifies me—about whom you say that he is your God The word "Father" is an important title for God. No one knows God the Father like Jesus, the Son of God. Alternate translation: "it is my Father who honors me, and you say that he is your God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/55.md b/jhn/08/55.md index 2b9a0ae2d1..a92b6381c4 100644 --- a/jhn/08/55.md +++ b/jhn/08/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # keep his word Here "word" is a metonym for what God says. Alternate translation: "I obey what he says to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/56.md b/jhn/08/56.md index f7398191c5..4eeb98d430 100644 --- a/jhn/08/56.md +++ b/jhn/08/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metonym for what Jesus would accomplish during his life. Alternate tra # he saw it and was glad "he foresaw my coming through God's revelation and he rejoiced" - diff --git a/jhn/08/57.md b/jhn/08/57.md index 7a613897fb..acf9adc7c7 100644 --- a/jhn/08/57.md +++ b/jhn/08/57.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "Jews" is a synecdoche for the "Jewish leaders" who opposed Jesus. Alte # You are not yet fifty years old, and you have seen Abraham? The Jewish leaders use this question to express their shock that Jesus claims to have seen Abraham. Alternate translation: "You are less than fifty years old. You could not have seen Abraham!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/58.md b/jhn/08/58.md index 34497b8ba4..19076ac0bd 100644 --- a/jhn/08/58.md +++ b/jhn/08/58.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). # I AM Possible meanings are 1) Jesus is identifying himself as Yahweh, who identified himself to Moses as "I AM," or 2) Jesus is saying, "before Abraham existed, I existed." - diff --git a/jhn/08/59.md b/jhn/08/59.md index e7fde21c01..2ac7ca3f39 100644 --- a/jhn/08/59.md +++ b/jhn/08/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then they picked up stones to throw at him The Jewish leaders are outraged at what Jesus has said. Here it is implied that they wanted to kill him because he had made himself equal to God. Alternate translation: "Then they picked up stones to kill him because he claimed to be equal with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/08/intro.md b/jhn/08/intro.md index 13cdd7d2ae..2a80097b34 100644 --- a/jhn/08/intro.md +++ b/jhn/08/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,26 @@ # John 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Translators may wish to include a note at verse 1 to explain to the reader why they have chosen to translate or to not translate verses 8:1-11. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### A light and darkness +### A light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/light]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/darkness]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### I AM +### I AM John records Jesus as saying these words four times in this book, three times in this chapter. They stand alone as a complete sentence, and they literally translate the Hebrew word for "I AM," by which Yahweh identified himself to Moses. For these reasons, many people believe that when Jesus said these words he was claiming to be Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]). -#### The Scribes and Pharisees' trap +### The Scribes and Pharisees' trap The Scribes and Pharisees wanted to trick Jesus. They wanted him to say either that they should keep the law of Moses by killing a woman whom they had found committing adultery or that they should disobey the law of Moses and forgive her sin. Jesus knew that they were trying to trick him and that they did not really want to keep the law of Moses. He knew this because the law said that both the woman and the man should die, but they did not bring the man to Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 8:28](../../jhn/08/28.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 8:28](../../j * __[John 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/09/01.md b/jhn/09/01.md index ccdf4d87ab..e20551f938 100644 --- a/jhn/09/01.md +++ b/jhn/09/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word shows that the author is about to describe a new event. (See: [[rc://e # as Jesus passed by Here "Jesus" is a synecdoche for Jesus and the disciples. Alternate translation: "as Jesus and his disciples passed by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/02.md b/jhn/09/02.md index d73fe5fbd1..2790744a25 100644 --- a/jhn/09/02.md +++ b/jhn/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who sinned, this man or his parents, so that he was born blind? This question reflects the ancient Jewish belief that sin caused all illnesses and other deformities. The rabbis also taught that it was possible for a baby to sin while still in the womb. Alternate translation: "Teacher, we know that sin causes a person to be blind. Whose sin caused this man to be born blind? Did this man himself sin, or was it his parents who sinned?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/03.md b/jhn/09/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/09/03.md +++ b/jhn/09/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/09/04.md b/jhn/09/04.md index dfa9408d25..cfa40fc4a5 100644 --- a/jhn/09/04.md +++ b/jhn/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This "We" includes both Jesus and the disciples he is talking to. (See: [[rc://e # day ... Night Here "day" and "night" are metaphors. Jesus is comparing the time when people can do God's work to daytime, the time when people normally work, and nighttime to when they cannot do God's work. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/05.md b/jhn/09/05.md index 4c21efc0cf..03daae64af 100644 --- a/jhn/09/05.md +++ b/jhn/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "world" is a metonym for the people who live in the world. Alternate tr # the light of the world Here "light" is a metaphor for the true revelation of God. Alternate translation: "the one who shows what is true, just as light allows people to see what is in the darkness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/06.md b/jhn/09/06.md index 3a2c7adf99..985ab8c954 100644 --- a/jhn/09/06.md +++ b/jhn/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus used his fingers to mix the dirt and saliva. Alternate translation: "and u # smeared the mud on his eyes "smeared the mud on the man's eyes" - diff --git a/jhn/09/07.md b/jhn/09/07.md index ee785530e0..e82751e8bc 100644 --- a/jhn/09/07.md +++ b/jhn/09/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that Jesus wanted him to wash the mud off of his e # which is translated "Sent" A brief stop occurs here in the story. Here John explains to his readers what "Siloam" means. Alternate translation: "which means 'Sent'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/08.md b/jhn/09/08.md index fddb24db7a..8c12480a69 100644 --- a/jhn/09/08.md +++ b/jhn/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is not this the man that used to sit and beg? This remark appears in the form of a question to express the surprise of the people. Alternate translation: "This man is the one who used to sit and beg!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/09.md b/jhn/09/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/09/09.md +++ b/jhn/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/09/10.md b/jhn/09/10.md index 1cfb0a4055..f396499d03 100644 --- a/jhn/09/10.md +++ b/jhn/09/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The neighbors of the man who had been blind continue to speak to him. # Then how were your eyes opened? "Then what caused you to be able to see?" or "How is it that you can see now?" - diff --git a/jhn/09/11.md b/jhn/09/11.md index 2c03817cae..2253221d7e 100644 --- a/jhn/09/11.md +++ b/jhn/09/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # smeared it on my eyes "used his fingers to cover my eyes with mud." See how you translated a similar phrase in [John 9:6](../09/06.md). - diff --git a/jhn/09/12.md b/jhn/09/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/09/12.md +++ b/jhn/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/09/13.md b/jhn/09/13.md index 6423ae15ce..b1d41b9dd1 100644 --- a/jhn/09/13.md +++ b/jhn/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They brought the man who used to be blind to the Pharisees The people insisted that the man go with them to the Pharisees. They did not physically force him to go. - diff --git a/jhn/09/14.md b/jhn/09/14.md index 1cacbeb22b..626b6cb68d 100644 --- a/jhn/09/14.md +++ b/jhn/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This verse tells background information about when Jesus healed the man. (See: [ # Sabbath day "Jewish Day of Rest" - diff --git a/jhn/09/15.md b/jhn/09/15.md index f6188e5249..145fe3d7e4 100644 --- a/jhn/09/15.md +++ b/jhn/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then again the Pharisees asked him "So the Pharisees also asked him" - diff --git a/jhn/09/16.md b/jhn/09/16.md index 0ef4068193..310a5c0c74 100644 --- a/jhn/09/16.md +++ b/jhn/09/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to emphasize that Jesus's signs pr # signs This is another word for miracles. "Signs" give evidence that God is the all-powerful one who has complete authority over the universe. - diff --git a/jhn/09/17.md b/jhn/09/17.md index 0fa6b3ed65..0a2b0b0655 100644 --- a/jhn/09/17.md +++ b/jhn/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is a prophet "I think he is a prophet" - diff --git a/jhn/09/18.md b/jhn/09/18.md index 0ff18e9ab3..5893ca457d 100644 --- a/jhn/09/18.md +++ b/jhn/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here John stops the main story. Here here provides background information about # Now the Jews still did not believe Here "Jews" is a synecdoche for the "Jewish leaders" who opposed Jesus. Alternate translation: "Now the Jewish leaders still did not believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/19.md b/jhn/09/19.md index 89fdd2e3e1..49cf338feb 100644 --- a/jhn/09/19.md +++ b/jhn/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They asked the parents "They" refers to the Jewish leaders. - diff --git a/jhn/09/20.md b/jhn/09/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/09/20.md +++ b/jhn/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/09/21.md b/jhn/09/21.md index 5125bebec5..b523fcf68f 100644 --- a/jhn/09/21.md +++ b/jhn/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he is an adult "he is a man" or "he is no longer a child" - diff --git a/jhn/09/22.md b/jhn/09/22.md index 3b60ddd4d5..170033844e 100644 --- a/jhn/09/22.md +++ b/jhn/09/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the unpleasant feeling a person has when there is a threat of har # he would be thrown out of the synagogue Here "be thrown out of the synagogue" is a metaphor for no longer being allowed to go into the synagogue and no longer belonging to the group of people who attend services at the synagogue. Alternate translation: "he would not be allowed to go into the synagogue" or "he would no longer belong to the synagogue" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/23.md b/jhn/09/23.md index 14b729e007..25aac46526 100644 --- a/jhn/09/23.md +++ b/jhn/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is an adult "he is a man" or "he is no longer a child." See how you translated this in [John 9:21](../09/21.md). - diff --git a/jhn/09/24.md b/jhn/09/24.md index ffc8165f24..3916060434 100644 --- a/jhn/09/24.md +++ b/jhn/09/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that people used when taking an oath. Alternate translation: "I # this man This refers to Jesus. - diff --git a/jhn/09/25.md b/jhn/09/25.md index 2b59dea78b..6d61925835 100644 --- a/jhn/09/25.md +++ b/jhn/09/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that man This refers to the man who had been blind. - diff --git a/jhn/09/26.md b/jhn/09/26.md index 78e4f89ad9..c82c5eb6ee 100644 --- a/jhn/09/26.md +++ b/jhn/09/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The Jews continue to speak to the man who had been blind. - diff --git a/jhn/09/27.md b/jhn/09/27.md index 917d154e66..0413a4073e 100644 --- a/jhn/09/27.md +++ b/jhn/09/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to express the man's amazement tha # You do not want to become his disciples too, do you? This remark appears in the form of a question to add irony to the man's statement. He knows that the Jewish leaders do not want to follow Jesus. Here he ridicules them. Alternate translation: "It sounds like you also want to become his disciples!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/28.md b/jhn/09/28.md index 595eece413..37a385665d 100644 --- a/jhn/09/28.md +++ b/jhn/09/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but we are disciples of Moses The pronoun "we" is exclusive. The Jewish leaders are speaking only of themselves. Alternate translation: "but we are following Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/29.md b/jhn/09/29.md index daca59db01..8334fc515e 100644 --- a/jhn/09/29.md +++ b/jhn/09/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we do not know where this one is from Here the Jewish leaders are referring to Jesus. They imply that he has no authority to call disciples. Alternate translation: "we do not know where he comes from or where he gets his authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/30.md b/jhn/09/30.md index db3e512874..560b88d510 100644 --- a/jhn/09/30.md +++ b/jhn/09/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that you do not know where he is from The man is surprised that the Jewish leaders question Jesus's authority when they know he has the power to heal. Alternate translation: "that you do not know where he gets his authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/31.md b/jhn/09/31.md index 6b2e114bf7..7e79f2021c 100644 --- a/jhn/09/31.md +++ b/jhn/09/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # does not listen to sinners ... he listens to him "does not answer the prayers of sinners ... God answers his prayers" - diff --git a/jhn/09/32.md b/jhn/09/32.md index 98d2bf3ff1..ce0043a592 100644 --- a/jhn/09/32.md +++ b/jhn/09/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The man who had been blind continues speaking to the Jews. # it has never been heard that anyone opened This is a passive statement. You can translate it in an active form. Alternate translation: "no one has ever heard of anyone who healed a man who was blind from birth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/33.md b/jhn/09/33.md index 256492a915..b37d2ee7f7 100644 --- a/jhn/09/33.md +++ b/jhn/09/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If this man were not from God, he could do nothing This sentence uses a double negative pattern. Alternate translation: "Only a man from God could do something like that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/34.md b/jhn/09/34.md index 6bb61d85fc..8721dbf9cf 100644 --- a/jhn/09/34.md +++ b/jhn/09/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. It also implies t # they threw him out "they threw him out of the synagogue" - diff --git a/jhn/09/35.md b/jhn/09/35.md index f29347fb98..34aa91c34e 100644 --- a/jhn/09/35.md +++ b/jhn/09/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to "believe in Jesus," to believe that he is the Son of God, to trust # the Son of Man Here the reader needs to understand that Jesus was speaking as if "the Son of Man" were another person. The man who had been born blind did not realize that Jesus was speaking of himself when he spoke of "the Son of Man." You should translate so that the man does not learn that Jesus is the Son of Man until verse 37. - diff --git a/jhn/09/36.md b/jhn/09/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/09/36.md +++ b/jhn/09/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/09/37.md b/jhn/09/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/09/37.md +++ b/jhn/09/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/09/38.md b/jhn/09/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/09/38.md +++ b/jhn/09/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/09/39.md b/jhn/09/39.md index 25e7c437ff..5450872219 100644 --- a/jhn/09/39.md +++ b/jhn/09/39.md @@ -3,12 +3,13 @@ The "world" is a metonym for "the people who live in the world." Alternate translation: "came to live among the people of this world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # so that those who do not see may see + Here "seeing" is a metaphor for being able to understand spiritual things. Alternate translation: "so that those who do not see spiritually may see spiritually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # so that those who see + When Jesus speaks here of those that see, he is speaking of those who think that they understand spiritual things. Alternate translation: "so that those who think that they see spiritually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) # may become blind Here "blind" is a metaphor for not being able to understand spiritual things. Alternate translation: "may never see spiritually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/40.md b/jhn/09/40.md index edeb1f015c..8f4aedcb02 100644 --- a/jhn/09/40.md +++ b/jhn/09/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and asked him, "Are we also blind?" Here "blind" is a metaphor for not understanding spiritual things. The Pharisees do not believe that they are spiritually blind, but they realize that Jesus might saying that they are spiritually blind, so they use this question to challenge him. Alternate translation: "and said to him, 'Are you saying that we are blind?'" or "and said to him, 'You seem to be saying that we, too, are blind.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/41.md b/jhn/09/41.md index 2721d80d25..4672fa68d9 100644 --- a/jhn/09/41.md +++ b/jhn/09/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Blindness is a metaphor for not understanding spiritual things, and having sin i # but now you say, 'We see,' so your sin remains Here "seeing" is a metaphor for understanding spiritual things, and "sin remaining" is a metonym for continuing to be guilty of one's sin. Alternate translation: "but since you think that you understand spiritual truth, you remain guilty of your sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/09/intro.md b/jhn/09/intro.md index 6a1ad46ad6..458898b94f 100644 --- a/jhn/09/intro.md +++ b/jhn/09/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,28 @@ # John 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Who sinned?" +### "Who sinned?" Many of the Jews of Jesus's time believed that if a person was blind or deaf or crippled, it was because he or his parents or someone in his family had sinned. This was not the teaching of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### "He does not keep the Sabbath" +### "He does not keep the Sabbath" The Pharisees thought that Jesus was working, and so breaking the Sabbath, by making mud. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]]) -### Important metaphors in this chapter +## Important metaphors in this chapter -#### Light and darkness +### Light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### Seeing and being blind +### Seeing and being blind Jesus calls the Pharisees blind because they see that Jesus is able to heal blind people but they still do not believe that God sent him ([John 9:39-40](./39.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 9:35](../../jhn/09/35.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -31,4 +31,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 9:35](../../j * __[John 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/10/01.md b/jhn/10/01.md index 54c48b8655..df186e7649 100644 --- a/jhn/10/01.md +++ b/jhn/10/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a fenced area where a shepherd keeps his sheep. # a thief and a robber This is the use of two words with similar meanings to add emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/02.md b/jhn/10/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/10/02.md +++ b/jhn/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/10/03.md b/jhn/10/03.md index 3fc95d6872..9829bfc335 100644 --- a/jhn/10/03.md +++ b/jhn/10/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a hired man who watches the gate of the sheep pen at night while the she # The sheep hear his voice "The sheep hear the shepherd's voice" - diff --git a/jhn/10/04.md b/jhn/10/04.md index 2f1a9c75b3..c3ed9ed8db 100644 --- a/jhn/10/04.md +++ b/jhn/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for they know his voice "because they recognize his voice" - diff --git a/jhn/10/05.md b/jhn/10/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/10/05.md +++ b/jhn/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/10/06.md b/jhn/10/06.md index 7d3f41d2fb..d0c71426d9 100644 --- a/jhn/10/06.md +++ b/jhn/10/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings: 1) "the disciples did not understand" or 2) "the crowd did no # this parable This is an illustration from the work of shepherds, using metaphors. The "shepherd" is a metaphor for Jesus. The "sheep" represent those who follow Jesus, and the "strangers" are the Jewish leaders, including the Pharisees, who try to deceive the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/07.md b/jhn/10/07.md index 92552b2f1d..9361a78e9e 100644 --- a/jhn/10/07.md +++ b/jhn/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). # I am the gate of the sheep Here "gate" is a metaphor that means Jesus provides access into the sheepfold where God's people dwell in his presence. Alternate translation: "I am like the gate that the sheep use to enter into the sheepfold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/08.md b/jhn/10/08.md index b481c6e01e..c96adc8d6b 100644 --- a/jhn/10/08.md +++ b/jhn/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to other teachers who have taught the people, including the Pharisee # a thief and a robber These words are metaphors. Jesus calls those teachers "a thief and a robber" because their teachings were false, and they were trying to lead God's people while not understanding the truth. As a result, they deceived the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/09.md b/jhn/10/09.md index d18afef5b8..4865c1918c 100644 --- a/jhn/10/09.md +++ b/jhn/10/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "gate" is a metaphor. By referring to himself as "the gate," Jesus is showi # pasture The word "pasture" means a grassy area where sheep eat. - diff --git a/jhn/10/10.md b/jhn/10/10.md index 966164c2b4..a4cb281063 100644 --- a/jhn/10/10.md +++ b/jhn/10/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the implied metaphor is "sheep," which represents God's people. Alternate t # so that they will have life The word "they" refers to the sheep. "Life" refers to eternal life. Alternate translation: "so that they will really live, lacking nothing" - diff --git a/jhn/10/11.md b/jhn/10/11.md index 92509abb00..f15f493d04 100644 --- a/jhn/10/11.md +++ b/jhn/10/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "good shepherd" is a metaphor that represents Jesus. Alternate translation: # lays down his life To lay down something means to give up control of it. To lay down one's life is a mild way to refer to dying. Alternate translation: "dies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/12.md b/jhn/10/12.md index 9b243bd67e..f874b84687 100644 --- a/jhn/10/12.md +++ b/jhn/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "hired servant" is a metaphor that represents the Jewish leaders and teacher # abandons the sheep Here the word "sheep" is a metaphor that represents God's people. Like a hired servant who abandons the sheep, Jesus says that the Jewish leaders and teachers do not care for God's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/13.md b/jhn/10/13.md index 26a06c18a8..be666f2582 100644 --- a/jhn/10/13.md +++ b/jhn/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # does not care for the sheep Here the word "sheep" is a metaphor that represents God's people. Jesus says that the Jewish leaders and teachers are like a hired servant who abandons the sheep, and they do not care for God's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/14.md b/jhn/10/14.md index 61b4c0da07..c01888c265 100644 --- a/jhn/10/14.md +++ b/jhn/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am the good shepherd Here the "good shepherd" is a metaphor for Jesus. Alternate translation: "I am like a good shepherd" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/15.md b/jhn/10/15.md index b9dbd41a96..96ab8a29f4 100644 --- a/jhn/10/15.md +++ b/jhn/10/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God the Father and God the Son know each other unlike anyone else knows them. "F # I lay down my life for the sheep This is a mild way for Jesus to say that he will die to protect his sheep. Alternate translation: "I die for the sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/16.md b/jhn/10/16.md index fb499092f4..1b3fbdcc86 100644 --- a/jhn/10/16.md +++ b/jhn/10/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "other sheep" is a metaphor for followers of Jesus who are not Jews. (See: # one flock and one shepherd Here "flock" and "shepherd" are metaphors. All of Jesus's followers, Jews and non-Jews, will be like one flock of sheep. He will be like a shepherd who cares for all of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/17.md b/jhn/10/17.md index 13dd67bb5b..cbfda25e09 100644 --- a/jhn/10/17.md +++ b/jhn/10/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to # I lay down my life so that I may take it again This is a mild way for Jesus to say he will die and then will become alive again. Alternate translation: "I allow myself to die in order that I may bring myself back to life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/18.md b/jhn/10/18.md index fc0c62edec..19782bc1d4 100644 --- a/jhn/10/18.md +++ b/jhn/10/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The reflexive pronoun "myself" is used here to emphasize that Jesus lays down hi # I have received this command from my Father "This is what my Father has commanded me to do." The word "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/19.md b/jhn/10/19.md index 41694911c2..bae9326c3b 100644 --- a/jhn/10/19.md +++ b/jhn/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: These verses tell how the Jews responded to what Jesus had said. - diff --git a/jhn/10/20.md b/jhn/10/20.md index 0e82f5071e..acf18801ac 100644 --- a/jhn/10/20.md +++ b/jhn/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why do you listen to him? This remark appears in the form of a question to emphasize the point that the people should not listen to Jesus. Alternate translation: "Do not listen to him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/21.md b/jhn/10/21.md index df1f51c0dc..09dffe59cd 100644 --- a/jhn/10/21.md +++ b/jhn/10/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Can a demon open the eyes of the blind? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "Certainly a demon cannot cause a blind man to see!" or "Certainly a demon cannot give sight to blind people!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/22.md b/jhn/10/22.md index 15e018d2f3..d6870a6b95 100644 --- a/jhn/10/22.md +++ b/jhn/10/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Winter is the coldest time of the year. You may use your language's term for the # Festival of the Dedication This is an eight-day winter holiday Jews use to remember a miracle where God made a small amount of oil remain lit in a lampstand for eight days. They lit the lampstand to dedicate the Jewish temple to God. To dedicate something is to promise to use it for a special purpose. - diff --git a/jhn/10/23.md b/jhn/10/23.md index 4b840f60b6..2346890b88 100644 --- a/jhn/10/23.md +++ b/jhn/10/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The area where Jesus was walking was actually a courtyard that was outside the t # porch This is a structure attached to the entrance of a building; it has a roof and it may or may not have walls. - diff --git a/jhn/10/24.md b/jhn/10/24.md index 8e1aac00a9..83af554196 100644 --- a/jhn/10/24.md +++ b/jhn/10/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Jews" is a synecdoche for the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. Alternate # hold us doubting This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "keep us wondering" or "keep us from knowing for sure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/25.md b/jhn/10/25.md index 016040b51a..519ca64168 100644 --- a/jhn/10/25.md +++ b/jhn/10/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" is a metonym for the power of God. Here "Father" is an important tit # these testify concerning me His miracles offer proof about him like a person who testifies would offer proof in a court of law. Alternate translation: "these offer proof concerning me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/26.md b/jhn/10/26.md index 11e7896132..1c27da1adb 100644 --- a/jhn/10/26.md +++ b/jhn/10/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not my sheep The word "sheep" is a metaphor for the followers of Jesus. Alternate translation: "not my followers" or "not my disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/27.md b/jhn/10/27.md index bf6b9feaf3..df9b34aba4 100644 --- a/jhn/10/27.md +++ b/jhn/10/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My sheep hear my voice The word "sheep" is a metaphor for the followers of Jesus. The metaphor of Jesus as the "shepherd" is also implied. Alternate translation: "Just as sheep obey the voice of their true shepherd, my followers heed my voice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/28.md b/jhn/10/28.md index 17e3bdf152..465e2e2c2d 100644 --- a/jhn/10/28.md +++ b/jhn/10/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no one will snatch them out of my hand Here the word "hand" is a metonym that represents the protective care of Jesus. Alternate translation: "no one will steal them away from me" or "they will remain secure forever in my care" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/29.md b/jhn/10/29.md index 9e518db97c..8e9bb190b7 100644 --- a/jhn/10/29.md +++ b/jhn/10/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guid # snatch them out of the hand of the Father The word "hand" is a metonym that represents God's possession and protective care. Alternate translation: "steal them from my Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/30.md b/jhn/10/30.md index 9a9c708296..8ed819a139 100644 --- a/jhn/10/30.md +++ b/jhn/10/30.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ Here "are one" means they are completely united and alike. It does not mean they are the same person. Alternate translation: "I and the Father are completely united" or "I and the Father are exactly alike" # Father -The word "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) +The word "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) diff --git a/jhn/10/31.md b/jhn/10/31.md index 7c712eb630..09f01bccff 100644 --- a/jhn/10/31.md +++ b/jhn/10/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then the Jews took up stones again The word "Jews" is a synecdoche for the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. Alternate translation: "Then the Jewish leaders started picking up stones again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/32.md b/jhn/10/32.md index 9aac3a7e8e..a7223c790d 100644 --- a/jhn/10/32.md +++ b/jhn/10/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus performed the miracles by the power of God. The word "Father" is an import # For which of those works are you stoning me? This question uses irony. Jesus knows the Jewish leaders do not want to stone him because he has done good works. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/33.md b/jhn/10/33.md index d8a154299d..c29ccc1d87 100644 --- a/jhn/10/33.md +++ b/jhn/10/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Jews" is a synecdoche that represents the Jewish leaders who opposed J # making yourself God "claiming to be God" - diff --git a/jhn/10/34.md b/jhn/10/34.md index a28e28b5f4..9e27599493 100644 --- a/jhn/10/34.md +++ b/jhn/10/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to emphasize that the Jewish leaders should know that this # You are gods Here Jesus quotes a scripture where God calls his followers "gods," perhaps because he has chosen them to represent him on earth. - diff --git a/jhn/10/35.md b/jhn/10/35.md index f13e8e9d67..f18a0c5d54 100644 --- a/jhn/10/35.md +++ b/jhn/10/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus speaks of God's message as though it were a person who moved toward those # the scripture cannot be broken Possible meanings are 1) "no one can change the scripture" or 2) "the scripture will always be true." - diff --git a/jhn/10/36.md b/jhn/10/36.md index 61bb87bb6f..66aa794941 100644 --- a/jhn/10/36.md +++ b/jhn/10/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus used this question to rebuke his opponents for saying that he was blasphem # Father ... Son of God These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/37.md b/jhn/10/37.md index 7887506b72..7154de7cc0 100644 --- a/jhn/10/37.md +++ b/jhn/10/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # believe me Here the word "believe" means to accept or trust what Jesus said is true. - diff --git a/jhn/10/38.md b/jhn/10/38.md index 7e18afa824..2b7c5648b5 100644 --- a/jhn/10/38.md +++ b/jhn/10/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "believe in" is to acknowledge that the works Jesus does are from the Fathe # the Father is in me and that I am in the Father These are idioms that express the close personal relationship between God and Jesus. Alternate translation: "my Father and I are completely joined together as one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/39.md b/jhn/10/39.md index 362765ce8f..ca5d83add4 100644 --- a/jhn/10/39.md +++ b/jhn/10/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went away out of their hand The word "hand" is a metonym that represents the custody or possession of the Jewish leaders. Alternate translation: "got away from them again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/40.md b/jhn/10/40.md index c12639474b..5f1c26bb4e 100644 --- a/jhn/10/40.md +++ b/jhn/10/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus had been on the west side of the Jordan River. Alternate translation: "to # he stayed there Jesus remained on the east side of Jordan for a short period of time. Alternate translation: "Jesus stayed there for several days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/10/41.md b/jhn/10/41.md index e33d1c828f..0dfac74421 100644 --- a/jhn/10/41.md +++ b/jhn/10/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # signs These are miracles that prove that something is true or that give someone credibility. - diff --git a/jhn/10/42.md b/jhn/10/42.md index 68866a69b6..1657714314 100644 --- a/jhn/10/42.md +++ b/jhn/10/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # believed in Here "believed in" means accepted or trusted what Jesus said was true. - diff --git a/jhn/10/intro.md b/jhn/10/intro.md index 3a1b1f62fd..f5cba84b56 100644 --- a/jhn/10/intro.md +++ b/jhn/10/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # John 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Blasphemy +### Blasphemy When a person claims that he is God or that God has told him to speak when God has not told him to speak, this is called blasphemy. The law of Moses commanded the Israelites to kill blasphemers by stoning them to death. When Jesus said, "I and the Father are one," the Jews thought he was blaspheming, so they took up stones to kill him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Important metaphors in this chapter +## Important metaphors in this chapter -#### Sheep +### Sheep Jesus spoke of people as sheep because sheep do not see well, they do not think well, they often walk away from those who care for them, and they cannot defend themselves when other animals attack them. God's people also rebel against him and do not know when they are doing wrong. -#### Sheep pen +### Sheep pen A sheep pen was a space with a stone wall around it in which shepherds would keep their sheep. Once they were inside the sheep pen, the sheep could not run away, and animals and thieves could not easily get inside to kill or steal them. -#### Laying down and taking up life +### Laying down and taking up life Jesus speaks of his life as if it were a physical object that he could lay down on the ground, a metaphor for dying, or pick up again, a metaphor for becoming alive again. @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jesus speaks of his life as if it were a physical object that he could lay down * __[John 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/11/01.md b/jhn/11/01.md index 8e09000256..e2c3d988e1 100644 --- a/jhn/11/01.md +++ b/jhn/11/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses introduce the story of Lazarus and give background information about him and his sister Mary. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/02.md b/jhn/11/02.md index 183c2b6036..d317bfe836 100644 --- a/jhn/11/02.md +++ b/jhn/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It was Mary who anointed the Lord ... her hair As John introduces Mary, the sister of Martha, he also shares information concerning what would later happen in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/03.md b/jhn/11/03.md index 4eb1d3678a..04ba8c067e 100644 --- a/jhn/11/03.md +++ b/jhn/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # love Here "love" refers to brotherly love, a natural, human love between friends or relatives. - diff --git a/jhn/11/04.md b/jhn/11/04.md index c531a818e8..d6bec1babc 100644 --- a/jhn/11/04.md +++ b/jhn/11/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus implies that he knows what the outcome will be. Alternate translation: "bu # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/05.md b/jhn/11/05.md index 80db443d3d..748452271f 100644 --- a/jhn/11/05.md +++ b/jhn/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Jesus loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus This is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/06.md b/jhn/11/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/06.md +++ b/jhn/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/11/07.md b/jhn/11/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/07.md +++ b/jhn/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/11/08.md b/jhn/11/08.md index 2ae3154de0..fa1a48cb70 100644 --- a/jhn/11/08.md +++ b/jhn/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to emphasize that the disciples do # the Jews This is a synecdoche for the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. Alternate translation: "the Jewish leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/09.md b/jhn/11/09.md index 812b013db6..094fbf64c5 100644 --- a/jhn/11/09.md +++ b/jhn/11/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate transla # If someone walks in the daytime, he will not stumble, because he sees by the light of this world People who walk in the light of the day can see well and do not stumble. "Light" is a metaphor for "truth." Jesus is implying that people who live according to truth will be able to successfully do the things that God wants them to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/10.md b/jhn/11/10.md index c3ae4b14ac..0c7790f9b9 100644 --- a/jhn/11/10.md +++ b/jhn/11/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "night" is a metaphor that refers to one's walking without God's light. (Se # the light is not in him Possible meanings are 1) "he cannot see" or "he does not have God's light." - diff --git a/jhn/11/11.md b/jhn/11/11.md index ad99cb60c3..eac45b87ea 100644 --- a/jhn/11/11.md +++ b/jhn/11/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but I am going so that I may wake him out of sleep "Wake him out of sleep" is an idiom that means "cause someoen who is sleeping to wake up." Jesus meant that he was going to bring Lazurus back to life. But his disciples did not understand this. So it is important to keep the idea of waking him up in the translation. Alternate translation: "but I am going there to wake him up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/12.md b/jhn/11/12.md index c0dcafbfd4..ef9d2d59ef 100644 --- a/jhn/11/12.md +++ b/jhn/11/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if he has fallen asleep The disciples misunderstand Jesus to mean that Lazarus is resting and will recover. - diff --git a/jhn/11/13.md b/jhn/11/13.md index 72bfc0498d..a7374901a3 100644 --- a/jhn/11/13.md +++ b/jhn/11/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: In this verse there is a stop in the story. Here John comments on the disciples' misunderstanding about what Jesus meant when he said Lazarus was asleep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/14.md b/jhn/11/14.md index 98d92b5992..71ffdb3ae3 100644 --- a/jhn/11/14.md +++ b/jhn/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Jesus said to them plainly "So Jesus told them in words that they could understand" - diff --git a/jhn/11/15.md b/jhn/11/15.md index 6715f6ecef..df9e9b2dc8 100644 --- a/jhn/11/15.md +++ b/jhn/11/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. # that I was not there so that you may believe "that I was not there. Because of this you will learn to trust me more" - diff --git a/jhn/11/16.md b/jhn/11/16.md index e96a0c9c10..2b8765d749 100644 --- a/jhn/11/16.md +++ b/jhn/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "whom they call # Didymus This is a male name that means "twin." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/17.md b/jhn/11/17.md index 7dee433d61..e83410e7a1 100644 --- a/jhn/11/17.md +++ b/jhn/11/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is now in Bethany. These verses give background information about the sett # he found that Lazarus had already been in the tomb for four days You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "he learned that people had put Lazarus in a tomb four days before" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/18.md b/jhn/11/18.md index 0fa1c088fd..019bb44ac7 100644 --- a/jhn/11/18.md +++ b/jhn/11/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fifteen stadia away "about three kilometers away." A "stadium" is 185 meters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/19.md b/jhn/11/19.md index 7bcea9bcd8..9b99f14550 100644 --- a/jhn/11/19.md +++ b/jhn/11/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about their brother Lazarus was their younger brother. Alternate translation: "about their younger brother" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/20.md b/jhn/11/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/20.md +++ b/jhn/11/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/11/21.md b/jhn/11/21.md index 3e9372b35c..276cf89d92 100644 --- a/jhn/11/21.md +++ b/jhn/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my brother would not have died Lazarus was the younger brother. Alternate translation: "my younger brother would still be alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/22.md b/jhn/11/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/22.md +++ b/jhn/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/11/23.md b/jhn/11/23.md index 28ec52ec1c..d5281475ed 100644 --- a/jhn/11/23.md +++ b/jhn/11/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your brother will rise again Lazarus was the younger brother. Alternate translation: "Your younger brother will become alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/24.md b/jhn/11/24.md index 48efcc3421..6e62474b8f 100644 --- a/jhn/11/24.md +++ b/jhn/11/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will rise again "he will become alive again" - diff --git a/jhn/11/25.md b/jhn/11/25.md index 59a3b8d1d0..a93ab75dd3 100644 --- a/jhn/11/25.md +++ b/jhn/11/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "resurrection" and "life" can be stated as verbal phrases. Al # he who believes in me, even if he dies, will live "even a person who dies will live forever, if he believes in me" - diff --git a/jhn/11/26.md b/jhn/11/26.md index c7ceccbed3..e74cff473a 100644 --- a/jhn/11/26.md +++ b/jhn/11/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will never die Here "die" refers to spiritual death. - diff --git a/jhn/11/27.md b/jhn/11/27.md index 50c8cb6005..9a8b89b3ca 100644 --- a/jhn/11/27.md +++ b/jhn/11/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Martha believes that Jesus is Lord, the Christ (the Messiah), the Son of God. # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/28.md b/jhn/11/28.md index 172d5e14f1..d7113c91f7 100644 --- a/jhn/11/28.md +++ b/jhn/11/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a title referring to Jesus. # is calling for you "is asking that you come" - diff --git a/jhn/11/29.md b/jhn/11/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/29.md +++ b/jhn/11/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/11/30.md b/jhn/11/30.md index 615daaee05..940966b459 100644 --- a/jhn/11/30.md +++ b/jhn/11/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Jesus had not yet come into the village Here John provides a brief break in the story to give background information regarding the location of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/31.md b/jhn/11/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/31.md +++ b/jhn/11/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/11/32.md b/jhn/11/32.md index 414efc8f74..346a1ba697 100644 --- a/jhn/11/32.md +++ b/jhn/11/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Mary lay down or knelt at the feet of Jesus to show respect. # my brother would not have died Lazarus was Mary's younger brother. See how you translated this in [John 11:21](../11/21.md). Alternate translation: "my younger brother would still be alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/33.md b/jhn/11/33.md index c931d633c5..ba63e9211c 100644 --- a/jhn/11/33.md +++ b/jhn/11/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was deeply moved in his spirit and was troubled John combines these phrases that have similar meanings to express the intense emotional distress and possible anger that Jesus experienced. Alternate translation: "he was greatly upset" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/34.md b/jhn/11/34.md index 016e40c2aa..ab6cfbb70a 100644 --- a/jhn/11/34.md +++ b/jhn/11/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Where have you laid him This is a milder way of asking, "Where have you buried him?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/35.md b/jhn/11/35.md index 9568bec9e3..7071f9cb57 100644 --- a/jhn/11/35.md +++ b/jhn/11/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus wept "Jesus began to cry" or "Jesus started crying" - diff --git a/jhn/11/36.md b/jhn/11/36.md index 488fe6ac05..f2feaad2c2 100644 --- a/jhn/11/36.md +++ b/jhn/11/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # loved This refers to brotherly love or human love for a friend or family member. - diff --git a/jhn/11/37.md b/jhn/11/37.md index 07f4adeaf1..931afc536f 100644 --- a/jhn/11/37.md +++ b/jhn/11/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to express the Jews' surprise that # opened the eyes This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "healed the eyes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/38.md b/jhn/11/38.md index 0b9dea72a6..787ab4df60 100644 --- a/jhn/11/38.md +++ b/jhn/11/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now it was a cave, and a stone lay against it John pauses the story briefly to describe the tomb where the people had buried Lazarus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/39.md b/jhn/11/39.md index 40db778aae..5139793182 100644 --- a/jhn/11/39.md +++ b/jhn/11/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Martha and Mary were older sisters of Lazarus. Alternate translation: "Martha, t # by this time the body will be decaying "by this time there will be a bad smell" or "the body is already stinking" - diff --git a/jhn/11/40.md b/jhn/11/40.md index 13ef1a5f31..af480c00c7 100644 --- a/jhn/11/40.md +++ b/jhn/11/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did I not say to you that, if you believed, you would see the glory of God? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis to the point that God is about to do something wonderful. Alternate translation: "I told you that if you trusted me, you would see what God can do!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/41.md b/jhn/11/41.md index 698fb2b8e8..33efb84645 100644 --- a/jhn/11/41.md +++ b/jhn/11/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus prays directly to the Father so that others around him will hear his praye # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/42.md b/jhn/11/42.md index 7376d08595..56f34caae9 100644 --- a/jhn/11/42.md +++ b/jhn/11/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that you have sent me Jesus had authority to teach the people because God the Father had sent him to do that. Also where the Father sent Jesus can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "that I am here because you have sent me to them" - diff --git a/jhn/11/43.md b/jhn/11/43.md index 6916850004..51048eccec 100644 --- a/jhn/11/43.md +++ b/jhn/11/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he cried out with a loud voice "he shouted" - diff --git a/jhn/11/44.md b/jhn/11/44.md index 985d83476f..07fb8cfa73 100644 --- a/jhn/11/44.md +++ b/jhn/11/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A burial custom of this time was to wrap the dead body with long strips of linen # Jesus said to them The word "them" refers to the people who were there and saw the miracle. - diff --git a/jhn/11/45.md b/jhn/11/45.md index 5b5ab08633..ffee0bb665 100644 --- a/jhn/11/45.md +++ b/jhn/11/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses tell us what happened after Jesus raised Lazarus from the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/46.md b/jhn/11/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/46.md +++ b/jhn/11/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/11/47.md b/jhn/11/47.md index 2ae4eb0f1c..202ad302a8 100644 --- a/jhn/11/47.md +++ b/jhn/11/47.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author uses this word to tell the reader that the events that begin in this # What will we do? It is implied here that the council members are talking about Jesus. Alternate translation: "What are we going to do about Jesus?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/48.md b/jhn/11/48.md index 25fbf2821a..37db9b661b 100644 --- a/jhn/11/48.md +++ b/jhn/11/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a synecdoche for the Roman army. Alternate translation: "the Roman army # take away both our place and our nation "destroy both our temple and our nation" - diff --git a/jhn/11/49.md b/jhn/11/49.md index 343be086e2..3c19ec9e14 100644 --- a/jhn/11/49.md +++ b/jhn/11/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a way to introduce a new character to the story. If you have a way to do # You know nothing This is an exaggeration that Caiaphas uses to insult his hearers. Alternate translation: "You do not understand what is happening" or "You speak as though you know nothing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/50.md b/jhn/11/50.md index 3a1f4f885c..7d0ed5d06a 100644 --- a/jhn/11/50.md +++ b/jhn/11/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # than that the whole nation perishes Caiaphas implies that the Roman army would kill all of the people of the Jewish nation if Jesus is allowed to live and cause a rebellion. The word "nation" here is a synecdoche that represents all of the Jewish people. Alternate translation: "than that the Romans kill all the people of our nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/51.md b/jhn/11/51.md index 87e7f3bdcd..75489b0fe1 100644 --- a/jhn/11/51.md +++ b/jhn/11/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 51 and 52 John explains that Caiaphus was prophesying even though he d # die for the nation The word "nation" is a synecdoche and refers to the people of the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/52.md b/jhn/11/52.md index 8ecbc4a9c2..e9bfea70b0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/52.md +++ b/jhn/11/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an ellipsis. The word "people" is implied by the context. Alternate tran # children of God This refers to people who belong to God through faith in Jesus and are spiritually God's children. - diff --git a/jhn/11/53.md b/jhn/11/53.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/53.md +++ b/jhn/11/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/11/54.md b/jhn/11/54.md index 11009a016d..0446921838 100644 --- a/jhn/11/54.md +++ b/jhn/11/54.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the rural area outside cities where fewer people live # There he stayed with the disciples Jesus and his disciples stayed in Ephraim for a while. Alternate translation: "There he stayed with his disciples for a short period of time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/55.md b/jhn/11/55.md index 8ad09dd8eb..98c2b966d0 100644 --- a/jhn/11/55.md +++ b/jhn/11/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the story shifts to telling about what many of the Jews are doing now that # went up to Jerusalem The phrase "went up" is used here because Jerusalem is higher in elevation than the surrounding areas. - diff --git a/jhn/11/56.md b/jhn/11/56.md index d6de2dc93c..2071d7bbcc 100644 --- a/jhn/11/56.md +++ b/jhn/11/56.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the Jewish people who had traveled to Jerusalem. # What do you think? That he will not come to the festival? The speakers were sure that if Jesus came to the festival the Jewish leaders would arrest him. The meaning of these rhetorical questions is not clear. Possible meanings are 1) the speakers were not sure that he would come. Alternate translation: "Do you think that he will come to the festival?" or "I do not know what to think. He might come to the festival, or he might not." 2) The speakers were sure that Jesus would not come. Alternate translation: "We can be sure that he will not come to the festival." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/57.md b/jhn/11/57.md index 532285443a..898c074f51 100644 --- a/jhn/11/57.md +++ b/jhn/11/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now the chief priests This is background information that explains why the Jewish worshipers were wondering if Jesus would come to the festival or not. If your language has a way to mark background information, use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/11/intro.md b/jhn/11/intro.md index 6896bbc5cb..adc0472f80 100644 --- a/jhn/11/intro.md +++ b/jhn/11/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # John 11 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Light and darkness +### Light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### Passover +### Passover After Jesus made Lazarus become alive again, the Jewish leaders were trying hard to kill him, so he started traveling from place to place in secret. Now the Pharisees knew that he would probably come to Jerusalem for the Passover because God had commanded all Jewish men to celebrate the Passover in Jerusalem, so they planned to catch him and kill him then. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### "One man dies for the people" +### "One man dies for the people" The law of Moses commanded the priests to kill animals so that God would forgive the people's sins. The high priest Caiaphas said, "It is better for you that one man dies for the people than that the whole nation perishes" ([John 11:50](../../jhn/11/50.md)). He said this because he loved his "place" and "nation" ([John 11:48](../../jhn/11/48.md)) more than he loved the God who had made Lazarus become alive again. He wanted Jesus to die so that the Romans would not destroy the temple and Jerusalem, but God wanted Jesus to die so that he could forgive all of his people's sins. -#### Condition that is contrary to fact +### Condition that is contrary to fact When Martha said, "If you had been here, my brother would not have died," she was speaking of a situation that could have happened but did not happen. Jesus had not come sooner, and her brother died. @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ When Martha said, "If you had been here, my brother would not have died," she wa * __[John 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/12/01.md b/jhn/12/01.md index 2a44312711..fc41211a5c 100644 --- a/jhn/12/01.md +++ b/jhn/12/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses these words to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://e # had raised from the dead This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "had made alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/02.md b/jhn/12/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/12/02.md +++ b/jhn/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/12/03.md b/jhn/12/03.md index 91613673f7..50d61122e6 100644 --- a/jhn/12/03.md +++ b/jhn/12/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a perfume made from a pink, bell-shaped flower in the mountains of Nepal # The house was filled with the fragrance of the perfume This can be translated in an active form. Alternate translation: "The scent of her perfume filled the house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/04.md b/jhn/12/04.md index fe1be963cf..54d549a872 100644 --- a/jhn/12/04.md +++ b/jhn/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who would betray him "the one who later enabled Jesus's enemies to seize him" - diff --git a/jhn/12/05.md b/jhn/12/05.md index 147ea6b427..8e85dce346 100644 --- a/jhn/12/05.md +++ b/jhn/12/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this as a numeral. Alternate translation: "300 denarii" (See: # denarii A denarius was the amount of silver that a common laborer could earn in one day of work. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/06.md b/jhn/12/06.md index cf2a51ab1a..305377cae7 100644 --- a/jhn/12/06.md +++ b/jhn/12/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John explains why Judas asked the question about the poor. If your language has # he said this, not because he cared about the poor, but because he was a thief "he said this because he was a thief. He did not care about the poor" - diff --git a/jhn/12/07.md b/jhn/12/07.md index f992244f9a..e7ee5d4dec 100644 --- a/jhn/12/07.md +++ b/jhn/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Allow her to keep what she has for the day of my burial Jesus implies that the woman's actions can be understood as anticipating his death and burial. Alternate translation: "Allow her to show how much she appreciates me! In this way she has prepared my body for burial" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/08.md b/jhn/12/08.md index b816dfcc9f..8726479484 100644 --- a/jhn/12/08.md +++ b/jhn/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus implies that there will always be opportunities to help the poor people. A # But you will not always have me In this way, Jesus implies that he will die. Alternate translation: "But I will not always be here with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/09.md b/jhn/12/09.md index d59a66b39f..12a6b00c19 100644 --- a/jhn/12/09.md +++ b/jhn/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here John tells about a # the dead All those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. - diff --git a/jhn/12/10.md b/jhn/12/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/12/10.md +++ b/jhn/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/12/11.md b/jhn/12/11.md index ef9fb42470..9d6ef88d4b 100644 --- a/jhn/12/11.md +++ b/jhn/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The fact that Lazarus was alive again caused many Jews to believe in Jesus. # believed in Jesus This implies that many of the Jewish people were trusting in Jesus as the Son of God. Alternate translation: "were putting their trust in Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/12.md b/jhn/12/12.md index 1704068922..f825fbeb98 100644 --- a/jhn/12/12.md +++ b/jhn/12/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses these words to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://e # a great crowd "a great crowd of people" - diff --git a/jhn/12/13.md b/jhn/12/13.md index 60ec23f3c6..446a611026 100644 --- a/jhn/12/13.md +++ b/jhn/12/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This expresses a desire for God to cause good things to happen to a person. # comes in the name of the Lord Here the word "name" is a metonym for the person's authority and power. Alternate translation: "comes as the representative of the Lord" or "comes in the power of the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/14.md b/jhn/12/14.md index 0c7e650cfd..cb570a97b2 100644 --- a/jhn/12/14.md +++ b/jhn/12/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here John gives background information that Jesus secures a donkey. He implies t # as it was written You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "as the prophets wrote in the Scripture" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/15.md b/jhn/12/15.md index d148c972c4..9dd5ece06e 100644 --- a/jhn/12/15.md +++ b/jhn/12/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # daughter of Zion "Daughter of Zion" here is a metonym that refers to the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "you people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/16.md b/jhn/12/16.md index 4f3d0a74d3..33e1ef2985 100644 --- a/jhn/12/16.md +++ b/jhn/12/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "when God glori # they had done these things to him The words "these things" refer to what the people did when Jesus rode into Jerusalem on a donkey (praising him and waving the palm branches). - diff --git a/jhn/12/17.md b/jhn/12/17.md index ed078ee594..12b2c861a2 100644 --- a/jhn/12/17.md +++ b/jhn/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main narrative. Here John explains that many of the people came to meet Jesus because they heard others say that he had raised Lazarus from the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/18.md b/jhn/12/18.md index 73f609a8c0..c7c51dba69 100644 --- a/jhn/12/18.md +++ b/jhn/12/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this sign A "sign" is an event or occurrence that proves something is true. In this case, the "sign" of raising Lazarus proves that Jesus is the Messiah. - diff --git a/jhn/12/19.md b/jhn/12/19.md index b2a09af4c3..bce3560ecc 100644 --- a/jhn/12/19.md +++ b/jhn/12/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Pharisees use this exaggeration to express their shock that so many people h # the world Here "the world" is a metonym that represents (in exaggeration) all of the people in the world. You may need to make explicit that the hearers would have understood that the Pharisees were speaking only of the people in Judea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/20.md b/jhn/12/20.md index f9133631af..3098c2b0f4 100644 --- a/jhn/12/20.md +++ b/jhn/12/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "now certain" marks the introduction of new characters to the story. # Greeks ... to worship at the festival John implies that these "Greeks" were going to worship God during the Passover. Alternate translation: "Greeks ... to worship God at the Passover festival" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/21.md b/jhn/12/21.md index 5c800e7f93..0295a93e29 100644 --- a/jhn/12/21.md +++ b/jhn/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bethsaida This was a town in the province of Galilee. - diff --git a/jhn/12/22.md b/jhn/12/22.md index 9fe010a3d5..697cff0959 100644 --- a/jhn/12/22.md +++ b/jhn/12/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they told Jesus Philip and Andrew tell Jesus about the Greeks' request to see him. You can translate this by adding the implied words. Alternate translation: "they told Jesus what the Greeks had said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/23.md b/jhn/12/23.md index 0c6a1bd0da..8a7e43e11a 100644 --- a/jhn/12/23.md +++ b/jhn/12/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to respond to Philip and Andrew. # The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified Jesus implies that it is now the right time for God to honor the Son of Man through his upcoming suffering, death and resurrection. Alternate translation: "God will soon honor me when I die and rise again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/24.md b/jhn/12/24.md index 1af3fa5802..d9e5128ba7 100644 --- a/jhn/12/24.md +++ b/jhn/12/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate this the way your language emphasizes that what follows is important a # unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies ... it will bear much fruit Here "a grain of wheat" or "seed" is a metaphor for Jesus's death, burial and resurrection. Just as a seed is planted and grows again into a plant that will bear much fruit, so will many people trust in Jesus after he is killed, buried, and raised back to life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/25.md b/jhn/12/25.md index 2aed719da8..2f3c256d87 100644 --- a/jhn/12/25.md +++ b/jhn/12/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "loves his life" means to consider one's own physical life to be more valua # he who hates his life in this world will keep it for eternal life Here the one who "hates his life" refers to one who loves his own life less than he loves the lives of others. Alternate translation: "whoever considers the lives of others as more important than his own life will live with God forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/26.md b/jhn/12/26.md index 1d93947e6f..eff7a1f126 100644 --- a/jhn/12/26.md +++ b/jhn/12/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus implies that those who serve him will be with him in heaven. Alternate tra # the Father will honor him Here "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/27.md b/jhn/12/27.md index 54cd690761..23c5650722 100644 --- a/jhn/12/27.md +++ b/jhn/12/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # this hour Here "this hour" is a metonym that represents when Jesus would suffer and die on the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/28.md b/jhn/12/28.md index 185d737608..c0cc201c43 100644 --- a/jhn/12/28.md +++ b/jhn/12/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "name" is a metonym that refers to God. Alternate translation: "ma # a voice came from heaven This represents God speaking. Sometimes people avoid referring directly to God because they respect him. Alternate translation: "God spoke from the heavens" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/29.md b/jhn/12/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/12/29.md +++ b/jhn/12/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/12/30.md b/jhn/12/30.md index fd1702555f..84ca4b4c43 100644 --- a/jhn/12/30.md +++ b/jhn/12/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jesus explains why the voice spoke from heaven. - diff --git a/jhn/12/31.md b/jhn/12/31.md index 63f31155b3..0c9a467425 100644 --- a/jhn/12/31.md +++ b/jhn/12/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "this world" is a metonym that refers to all the people in the world. Alter # Now will the ruler of this world be thrown out Here "ruler" refers to Satan. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Now is the time when I will destroy the power of Satan, who rules this world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/32.md b/jhn/12/32.md index 0df024a853..15eaf51117 100644 --- a/jhn/12/32.md +++ b/jhn/12/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Jesus refers to his crucifixion. You can translate this in an active form. # will draw everyone to myself Through his crucifixion, Jesus will provide a way for everyone to trust in him. - diff --git a/jhn/12/33.md b/jhn/12/33.md index d764e92089..949cd99901 100644 --- a/jhn/12/33.md +++ b/jhn/12/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here John tells us background information about what Jesus said about being "lif # He said this to indicate what kind of death he would die John interprets Jesus's words to mean that people will crucify him. Alternate translation: "He said this to let the people know how he would die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/34.md b/jhn/12/34.md index 5ff1b2a727..03cf8309b6 100644 --- a/jhn/12/34.md +++ b/jhn/12/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "lifted up" means crucified. You may translate this in a way that inc # Who is this Son of Man? Possible meanings are 1) "What is the identity of this Son of Man? or 2) "What kind of Son of Man are you talking about?" - diff --git a/jhn/12/35.md b/jhn/12/35.md index 46bc45f409..daf96e1bc7 100644 --- a/jhn/12/35.md +++ b/jhn/12/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The light will still be with you for a short amount of time. Walk while you have the light, so that darkness does not overtake you. He who walks in the darkness does not know where he is going Here "light" is a metaphor for Jesus's teachings which reveal the truth of God. To "walk in darkness" is a metaphor that means to live without God's truth. Alternate translation: "My words are like a light to you, to help you understand how to live as God wants you to. I will not be with you much longer. You need to follow my instructions while I am still with you. If you reject my words, it will be like walking in darkness and you cannot see where you are going" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/36.md b/jhn/12/36.md index 4a7f1dc8f3..05a0cff079 100644 --- a/jhn/12/36.md +++ b/jhn/12/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # While you have the light, believe in the light so that you may be sons of light The "light" is a metaphor for the teachings of Jesus which reveal the truth of God. "sons of light" is a metaphor for those who accept the message of Jesus and live according to God's truth. Alternate translation: "While I am with you, believe what I teach so that God's truth will be in you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/37.md b/jhn/12/37.md index da1c191ec9..8be1aba1b8 100644 --- a/jhn/12/37.md +++ b/jhn/12/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is a stop in the main story. Here John begins to explain about the fulfillment of prophesies that had been spoken by the prophet Isaiah. - diff --git a/jhn/12/38.md b/jhn/12/38.md index c1bb1a04f3..e33c0ca89d 100644 --- a/jhn/12/38.md +++ b/jhn/12/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This appears in the form of two rhetorical questions to express the prophet's di # the arm of the Lord This is a metonym that refers to the Lord's ability to rescue with power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/39.md b/jhn/12/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/12/39.md +++ b/jhn/12/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/12/40.md b/jhn/12/40.md index 0ffe44f2ab..a4dd9d0f00 100644 --- a/jhn/12/40.md +++ b/jhn/12/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's mind. The phrase "hardened their heart # and turn Here "turn" is a metaphor for "repent." Alternate translation: "and they would repent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/41.md b/jhn/12/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/12/41.md +++ b/jhn/12/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/12/42.md b/jhn/12/42.md index b04c6ababd..5bba09ffd4 100644 --- a/jhn/12/42.md +++ b/jhn/12/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that they would not be banned from the synagogue You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so people would not stop them from going to the synagogue" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/43.md b/jhn/12/43.md index 05284b991d..a395c69bdd 100644 --- a/jhn/12/43.md +++ b/jhn/12/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They loved the glory that comes from people more than the glory that comes from God The word "glory" here is a metonym for the praise that people give others who are glorious. Alternate translation: "They wanted people to praise them more than they wanted God to praise them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/44.md b/jhn/12/44.md index 3794a85ff3..c8dca27e43 100644 --- a/jhn/12/44.md +++ b/jhn/12/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here John returns to the main story. This is another time when Jesus begins to s # Jesus cried out and said Here John implies that a crowd of people had gathered to hear Jesus speak. Alternate translation: "Jesus shouted out to the crowd that had gathered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/45.md b/jhn/12/45.md index bff1bdcce8..1e7b55b4af 100644 --- a/jhn/12/45.md +++ b/jhn/12/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who sees me sees him who sent me Here the word "him" refers to God. Alternate translation: "the one who sees me sees God, who sent me" - diff --git a/jhn/12/46.md b/jhn/12/46.md index 1980113a2a..b0e0e4718a 100644 --- a/jhn/12/46.md +++ b/jhn/12/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "darkness" is a metaphor for living in ignorance of God's truth. Alternate # the world Here "the world" is a metonym that represents all of the people in the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/47.md b/jhn/12/47.md index 69eaaf602d..61446a8143 100644 --- a/jhn/12/47.md +++ b/jhn/12/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If anyone hears my words but does not keep them, I do not judge him; for I have not come to judge the world, but to save the world Here "to judge the world" implies condemnation. Jesus did not come to condemn people. Alternate translation: "If anyone hears my teaching and rejects it, I do not condemn him. I have not come to condemn people. Instead, I have come to save those who trust in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/48.md b/jhn/12/48.md index 75c8449de8..88f5f01d7b 100644 --- a/jhn/12/48.md +++ b/jhn/12/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the last day "at the time when God judges people's sins" - diff --git a/jhn/12/49.md b/jhn/12/49.md index 633cc0d1d9..d95500fcdf 100644 --- a/jhn/12/49.md +++ b/jhn/12/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/12/50.md b/jhn/12/50.md index 10ba81bd0a..3a256cabbd 100644 --- a/jhn/12/50.md +++ b/jhn/12/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I know that his command is eternal life "I know that the words that he commanded me to speak are the words that give life forever" - diff --git a/jhn/12/intro.md b/jhn/12/intro.md index 6337f31d8c..e5fbc3aca5 100644 --- a/jhn/12/intro.md +++ b/jhn/12/intro.md @@ -1,36 +1,36 @@ # John 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 12:38 and 40, which is from the Old Testament. Verse 16 is a commentary on these events. It is possible to put this entire verse in parentheses in order to set it apart from the narrative of the story. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Mary anointed Jesus's feet +### Mary anointed Jesus's feet -The Jews would put oil on a person's head to make that person feel welcome and comfortable. They would also put oil on a person's body after the person had died but before they buried the body. But they would never think to put oil on a person's feet, because they thought that feet were dirty. +The Jews would put oil on a person's head to make that person feel welcome and comfortable. They would also put oil on a person's body after the person had died but before they buried the body. But they would never think to put oil on a person's feet, because they thought that feet were dirty. -#### The donkey and the colt +### The donkey and the colt Jesus rode into Jerusalem on an animal. In this way he was like a king who came into a city after he had won an important battle. Also, the kings of Israel in the Old Testament rode on a donkeys. Other kings rode on horses. So Jesus was showing that he was the king of Israel and that he was not like other kings. Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about this event. Matthew and Mark wrote that the disciples brought Jesus a donkey. John wrote that Jesus found a donkey. Luke wrote that they brought him a colt. Only Matthew wrote that there were both a donkey had a colt. No one knows for sure whether Jesus rode the donkey or the colt. It is best to translate each of these accounts as it appears in the ULB without trying to make them all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 21:1-7](../../mat/21/01.md) and [Mark 11:1-7](../../mrk/11/01.md) and [Luke 19:29-36](../../luk/19/29.md) and [John 12:14-15](../../jhn/12/14.md)) -#### Glory +### Glory Scripture often speaks of God's glory as a great, brilliant light. When people see this light, they are afraid. In this chapter John says that the glory of Jesus is his resurrection ([John 12:16](../../jhn/12/16.md)). -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### The metaphors of light and darkness +### The metaphors of light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in 12:25: "He who loves his life will lose it; but he who hates his life in this world will keep it for eternal life." But in 12:26 Jesus explains what it means to keep one's life for eternal life. ([John 12:25-26](./25.md)). @@ -39,4 +39,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A p * __[John 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/13/01.md b/jhn/13/01.md index 329f7cd15d..51d82ba20a 100644 --- a/jhn/13/01.md +++ b/jhn/13/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # loved The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. This kind of love cares for others, no matter what they do. - diff --git a/jhn/13/02.md b/jhn/13/02.md index 2c7f9c6311..6d479b51d2 100644 --- a/jhn/13/02.md +++ b/jhn/13/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word shows that the author has stopped describing the action and is about t # the devil had already put it into the heart of Judas Iscariot son of Simon, to betray Jesus The phrase "put it into the heart" is an idiom that means to cause someone to think about something. Alternate translation: "the devil had already caused Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon, to think about betraying Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/03.md b/jhn/13/03.md index e870b849a6..aff2b789f7 100644 --- a/jhn/13/03.md +++ b/jhn/13/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "his hands" is a metonym for power and authority. Alternate translation: "h # he had come from God and was going back to God Jesus had always been with the Father, and would return there after his work on earth was finished. - diff --git a/jhn/13/04.md b/jhn/13/04.md index 1aaff1595a..e282b411e5 100644 --- a/jhn/13/04.md +++ b/jhn/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John has finished giving the background to this part of the story [John 13:2-3]( # got up from dinner and took off his outer clothing Because the region was very dusty, it was customary for the host of a dinner to provide a servant to wash the feet of the guests. Jesus took off his outer clothing so he would look like a servant. - diff --git a/jhn/13/05.md b/jhn/13/05.md index b23dfceca1..54c428c3b8 100644 --- a/jhn/13/05.md +++ b/jhn/13/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # began to wash the feet of the disciples Because the region was very dusty, it was customary for the host of a dinner to provide a servant to wash the feet of the guests. Jesus did the work of the servant by washing the disciples' feet. - diff --git a/jhn/13/06.md b/jhn/13/06.md index cee2b6a303..ac37e720a3 100644 --- a/jhn/13/06.md +++ b/jhn/13/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lord, are you going to wash my feet? Peter's question shows that he is not willing for Jesus to wash his feet. Alternate translation: "Lord, it is not right for you to wash the feet of me, a sinner!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/07.md b/jhn/13/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/13/07.md +++ b/jhn/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/13/08.md b/jhn/13/08.md index 7605d835ad..0ce014bcd4 100644 --- a/jhn/13/08.md +++ b/jhn/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # If I do not wash you, you have no share with me + Here Jesus begins to speak about "washing" to mean making someone spiritually clean or pure. Since Jesus said in 13:7 that the disciples would not fully understand what was happening, translations should keep the "washing" imagery and not try to explain it in the text. # If I do not wash you @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ It can be stated explicitly that Jesus is talking about washing feet. Alternate # you have no share with me The word "share" means a part of an inheritance. Here it is a metaphor meaning that Peter would not have fellowship or anything in common with Jesus. Alternate translation: "you will not be my disciple" or "you will not belong to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/09.md b/jhn/13/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/13/09.md +++ b/jhn/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/13/10.md b/jhn/13/10.md index 1cb11d87ba..5ac0862d74 100644 --- a/jhn/13/10.md +++ b/jhn/13/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that to wash the feet is the only thing that he # has no need It is implied that this need concerns washing the whole body. Alternate translation: "has no need to be fully bathed" or "does not need me to wash his whole body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/11.md b/jhn/13/11.md index 457b5c022f..6caf35d445 100644 --- a/jhn/13/11.md +++ b/jhn/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Not all of you are clean Here "clean" means spiritually clean or pure. Since Jesus said in 13:7 that the disciples would not fully understand what was happening, translations should keep the "clean" imagery and not try to explain it in the text. - diff --git a/jhn/13/12.md b/jhn/13/12.md index c7b0bd6123..1a04ad2979 100644 --- a/jhn/13/12.md +++ b/jhn/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you understand what I have done for you? This remark appears in the form of a question so Jesus can emphasize the importance of what he is teaching his disciples. Alternate translation: "You need to understand what I have done for you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/13.md b/jhn/13/13.md index 94182d3e44..98c675f4ea 100644 --- a/jhn/13/13.md +++ b/jhn/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You call me 'teacher' and 'Lord,' Here Jesus implies that his disciples have great respect for him. Alternate translation: "You show me great respect when you call me 'teacher' and 'Lord.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/14.md b/jhn/13/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/13/14.md +++ b/jhn/13/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/13/15.md b/jhn/13/15.md index b886610365..6b4b2c53a3 100644 --- a/jhn/13/15.md +++ b/jhn/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you should also do just as I did for you Jesus implies that his disciples should be willing to follow his example and serve one another. Alternate translation: "you should also humbly serve each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/16.md b/jhn/13/16.md index afda4e8671..2497bbfb8f 100644 --- a/jhn/13/16.md +++ b/jhn/13/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). # greater "more important" - diff --git a/jhn/13/17.md b/jhn/13/17.md index 293628eda2..cc06a12e12 100644 --- a/jhn/13/17.md +++ b/jhn/13/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are blessed Here "bless" means to cause good, beneficial things to happen to a person. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will bless you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/18.md b/jhn/13/18.md index febbe17cab..a80fffa310 100644 --- a/jhn/13/18.md +++ b/jhn/13/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ With this sentence, Jesus introduces something he will tell them in verse 21 tha # He who eats my bread lifted up his heel against me Jesus quoted the scripture that will be fulfilled. Here the phrase "eats my bread" is an idiom for someone who pretends to be a friend. The phrase "lifted up his heel" is also an idiom, which means someone who has become an enemy. If you have idioms in your language that have these meanings, you can use them here. Alternate translation: "The one who has pretended to be my friend has turned out to be an enemy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/19.md b/jhn/13/19.md index 6835a4737e..932479104e 100644 --- a/jhn/13/19.md +++ b/jhn/13/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I AM Possible meanings are 1) Jesus is identifying himself as Yahweh, who identified himself to Moses as "I AM," or 2) Jesus is saying, "I am the one I claim to be." - diff --git a/jhn/13/20.md b/jhn/13/20.md index d3abe0b89d..532a704622 100644 --- a/jhn/13/20.md +++ b/jhn/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Truly, truly See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). - diff --git a/jhn/13/21.md b/jhn/13/21.md index b7cfab9c9c..a4b4136aa0 100644 --- a/jhn/13/21.md +++ b/jhn/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ concerned, upset # Truly, truly See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). - diff --git a/jhn/13/22.md b/jhn/13/22.md index ce953619ea..bb7c4d7a9f 100644 --- a/jhn/13/22.md +++ b/jhn/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The disciples looked at each other, wondering of whom he was speaking. "The disciples looked at each other and wondered: 'Who will betray Jesus?'" - diff --git a/jhn/13/23.md b/jhn/13/23.md index 6949c82644..45eb5ab8e4 100644 --- a/jhn/13/23.md +++ b/jhn/13/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Lying with one's head against the side of another diner in the Greek style was c # loved The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. - diff --git a/jhn/13/24.md b/jhn/13/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/13/24.md +++ b/jhn/13/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/13/25.md b/jhn/13/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/13/25.md +++ b/jhn/13/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/13/26.md b/jhn/13/26.md index b7efb4e051..557b338ac7 100644 --- a/jhn/13/26.md +++ b/jhn/13/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Iscariot This indicates that Judas was from the village of Kerioth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/27.md b/jhn/13/27.md index 62d746f07b..4aa84f9962 100644 --- a/jhn/13/27.md +++ b/jhn/13/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Jesus is speaking to Judas. # What you are doing, do it quickly "Do quickly what you are planning to do" - diff --git a/jhn/13/28.md b/jhn/13/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/13/28.md +++ b/jhn/13/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/13/29.md b/jhn/13/29.md index 115beda84c..0f6867806f 100644 --- a/jhn/13/29.md +++ b/jhn/13/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that he should give something to the poor You can translate this as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "'Go and give some money to the poor'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/30.md b/jhn/13/30.md index 099692ac23..f6fbcd6ad1 100644 --- a/jhn/13/30.md +++ b/jhn/13/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he went out immediately. It was night John seems to draw attention here to the fact that Judas will do his evil or "dark" deed in the darkness of the night. Alternate translation: "he went out immediately into the dark night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/31.md b/jhn/13/31.md index 183ca5a602..eb990d9cc8 100644 --- a/jhn/13/31.md +++ b/jhn/13/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now the Son of Man is glorified, and God is glorified in him You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Now people are about to see how the Son of Man will receive honor and how God will receive honor through what the Son of Man is doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/32.md b/jhn/13/32.md index 35125cfaeb..198c690b80 100644 --- a/jhn/13/32.md +++ b/jhn/13/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God will also glorify the Son in himself, and he will glorify him at once The word "him" refers to the Son of Man. The word "himself" is a reflexive pronoun that refers to God. Alternate translation: "God himself will immediately give honor to the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/33.md b/jhn/13/33.md index 6aa4d5a1b3..d0946060ca 100644 --- a/jhn/13/33.md +++ b/jhn/13/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses the term "Little children" to communicate that he loves the disciples # as I said to the Jews Here "Jews" is a synecdoche for the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. Alternate translation: "as I said to the Jewish leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/34.md b/jhn/13/34.md index db46b98ba7..92af1ae08b 100644 --- a/jhn/13/34.md +++ b/jhn/13/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. # love The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. This kind of love cares for others, no matter what they do. - diff --git a/jhn/13/35.md b/jhn/13/35.md index 2544854638..77bc36fc02 100644 --- a/jhn/13/35.md +++ b/jhn/13/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everyone You may need to make explicit that this exaggeration refers only to those people who see how the disciples love each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jhn/13/36.md b/jhn/13/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/13/36.md +++ b/jhn/13/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/13/37.md b/jhn/13/37.md index 836d681217..3e12ec387f 100644 --- a/jhn/13/37.md +++ b/jhn/13/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lay down my life "give up my life" or "die" - diff --git a/jhn/13/38.md b/jhn/13/38.md index ca288eb30b..6d96cde452 100644 --- a/jhn/13/38.md +++ b/jhn/13/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis to Jesus's stateme # the rooster will not crow before you have denied me three times "you will say that you do not know me three times before the rooster crows" - diff --git a/jhn/13/intro.md b/jhn/13/intro.md index 1159a26e6d..4aad60fdeb 100644 --- a/jhn/13/intro.md +++ b/jhn/13/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # John 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The events of this chapter are commonly referred to as the last supper or the Lord's supper. This Passover feast in many ways parallels Jesus's sacrifice as the lamb of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The washing of feet +### The washing of feet People in the ancient Near East thought that feet were very dirty. Only servants would wash people's feet. The disciples did not want Jesus to wash their feet because they considered him their master and themselves his servants, but he wanted to show them that they needed to serve each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) -#### I AM +### I AM John records Jesus as saying these words four times in this book, once in this chapter. They stand alone as a complete sentence, and they literally translate the Hebrew word for "I AM," by which Yahweh identified himself to Moses. For these reasons, many people believe that when Jesus said these words he was claiming to be Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]). -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 13:31](../../jhn/13/31.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([John 13:31](../../ * __[John 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/14/01.md b/jhn/14/01.md index 50735b684d..0dacfb7cb4 100644 --- a/jhn/14/01.md +++ b/jhn/14/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The part of the story from the previous chapter continues. Jesus reclines at the # Do not let your heart be troubled Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being. Alternate translation: "Stop being so anxious and worried" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/02.md b/jhn/14/02.md index 6d946cc5a3..ffb7c4fad1 100644 --- a/jhn/14/02.md +++ b/jhn/14/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "room" can refer to a single room, or to a larger dwelling. # I am going to prepare a place for you Jesus will prepare a place in heaven for every person who trusts in him. The "you" is plural and refers to all his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/03.md b/jhn/14/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/14/03.md +++ b/jhn/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/14/04.md b/jhn/14/04.md index 98a454ce96..ed86b3a344 100644 --- a/jhn/14/04.md +++ b/jhn/14/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the way Possible meanings of this metaphor are 1) "the way to God" or 2) "the one who takes people to God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/05.md b/jhn/14/05.md index 35600ca921..94386c6a91 100644 --- a/jhn/14/05.md +++ b/jhn/14/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # how can we know the way? "how can we know how to get there?" - diff --git a/jhn/14/06.md b/jhn/14/06.md index 680e618141..a9f8ce0573 100644 --- a/jhn/14/06.md +++ b/jhn/14/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that "comes" includes the idea of living with the # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/07.md b/jhn/14/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/14/07.md +++ b/jhn/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/14/08.md b/jhn/14/08.md index ebba65cad7..0b8b20ad61 100644 --- a/jhn/14/08.md +++ b/jhn/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lord, show us the Father The "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/09.md b/jhn/14/09.md index 1fc67119db..541e69b4c2 100644 --- a/jhn/14/09.md +++ b/jhn/14/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To see Jesus, who is God the Son, is to see God the Father. The "Father" is an i # How can you say, 'Show us the Father'? This remark appears in the form of a question to emphasize Jesus's words to Philip. Alternate translation: "So you really should not be saying, 'Show us the Father!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/10.md b/jhn/14/10.md index 994330a4a8..019735998a 100644 --- a/jhn/14/10.md +++ b/jhn/14/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # The words that I say to you Here "you" is plural. Jesus is now speaking to all of his disciples. - diff --git a/jhn/14/11.md b/jhn/14/11.md index 154b145ab8..1d8c0fee00 100644 --- a/jhn/14/11.md +++ b/jhn/14/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am in the Father, and the Father is in me This is an idiom that means God the Father and Jesus have a unique relationship. Alternate translation: "I am one with the Father, and the Father is one with me" or "my Father and I are just as though we were one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/12.md b/jhn/14/12.md index b01391c085..8ae6767532 100644 --- a/jhn/14/12.md +++ b/jhn/14/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to believe that Jesus is the Son of God. # Father This is an important title that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/13.md b/jhn/14/13.md index e16ef53f0f..dc5c4fa5a9 100644 --- a/jhn/14/13.md +++ b/jhn/14/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so I can show # Father ... Son These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/14.md b/jhn/14/14.md index 947b789eda..e026d820c3 100644 --- a/jhn/14/14.md +++ b/jhn/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If you ask me anything in my name, I will do it Here "name" is a metonym that represents the authority of Jesus. Alternate translation: "If you ask me anything as one of my followers, I will do it" or "Whatever you ask of me, I will do it because you belong to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/15.md b/jhn/14/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/14/15.md +++ b/jhn/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/14/16.md b/jhn/14/16.md index 9cb3de4f52..25f56aaf69 100644 --- a/jhn/14/16.md +++ b/jhn/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # another Comforter This refers to the Holy Spirit. - diff --git a/jhn/14/17.md b/jhn/14/17.md index 9396f61a21..ad8fbfed9e 100644 --- a/jhn/14/17.md +++ b/jhn/14/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the Holy Spirit who teaches people what is true about God. # The world cannot receive him because it does not Here the "world" is a metonym that refers to the people who oppose God. Alternate translation: "The unbelieving people in this world will never welcome him because they do not" or "Those who oppose God will not accept him because they do not" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/18.md b/jhn/14/18.md index 522e44e02e..785e07ab2f 100644 --- a/jhn/14/18.md +++ b/jhn/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # leave you as orphans Here Jesus implies that he will not leave his disciples with no one to care for them. Alternate translation: "leave you with no one to care for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/19.md b/jhn/14/19.md index 6028c658a1..6933e04451 100644 --- a/jhn/14/19.md +++ b/jhn/14/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the world Here the "world" is a metonym that represents the people who do not belong to God. Alternate translation: "the unbelievers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/20.md b/jhn/14/20.md index 8ccb806159..830eda68cf 100644 --- a/jhn/14/20.md +++ b/jhn/14/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # you are in me, and that I am in you "you and I are just like one person" - diff --git a/jhn/14/21.md b/jhn/14/21.md index 381d24d560..92603c3dda 100644 --- a/jhn/14/21.md +++ b/jhn/14/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "my Father will # my Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/22.md b/jhn/14/22.md index e9dd5d0f1b..0eb107367e 100644 --- a/jhn/14/22.md +++ b/jhn/14/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "show" refers to revealing how wonderful Jesus is. Alternate trans # not to the world Here "world" is a metonym that represents the people who oppose God. Alternate translation: "not to those who do not belong to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/23.md b/jhn/14/23.md index beb5d4bdcc..b24552891d 100644 --- a/jhn/14/23.md +++ b/jhn/14/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # we will come to him and we will make our home with him The Father and the Son will share life with those who obey what Jesus commands. Alternate translation: "we will come to live with him, and will have a personal relationship with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/24.md b/jhn/14/24.md index 9be077136e..0d9fd9ce5c 100644 --- a/jhn/14/24.md +++ b/jhn/14/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # that you hear Here when Jesus says "you" he is speaking to all of his disciples. - diff --git a/jhn/14/25.md b/jhn/14/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/14/25.md +++ b/jhn/14/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/14/26.md b/jhn/14/26.md index 633cc0d1d9..d95500fcdf 100644 --- a/jhn/14/26.md +++ b/jhn/14/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/27.md b/jhn/14/27.md index b51dda8e63..9f8b976478 100644 --- a/jhn/14/27.md +++ b/jhn/14/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "world" is a metonym that represents those people who do not love God. (See: # Do not let your heart be troubled, and do not be afraid Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being. Alternate translation: "So stop being anxious, and do not be afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/28.md b/jhn/14/28.md index 7485b0c296..c8df7fd9f3 100644 --- a/jhn/14/28.md +++ b/jhn/14/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Jesus implies that the Father has greater authority than the Son while the # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/29.md b/jhn/14/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/14/29.md +++ b/jhn/14/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/14/30.md b/jhn/14/30.md index eb36a0bdf8..f9fe3e0c52 100644 --- a/jhn/14/30.md +++ b/jhn/14/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "ruler" refers to Satan. See how you translated this in [John 12:31](../12/ # the ruler ... is coming Here Jesus implies that Satan is coming to attack him. Alternate translation: "Satan is coming to attack me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/31.md b/jhn/14/31.md index 369b554180..714604e266 100644 --- a/jhn/14/31.md +++ b/jhn/14/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "world" is a metonym for the people who do not belong to God. Alternate # the Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/14/intro.md b/jhn/14/intro.md index eabd438f16..3a547bacba 100644 --- a/jhn/14/intro.md +++ b/jhn/14/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # John 14 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "My Father's house" +### "My Father's house" -Jesus used these words to speak of heaven, where God lives, not of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) +Jesus used these words to speak of heaven, where God lives, not of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) -#### The Holy Spirit +### The Holy Spirit Jesus told his disciples that he would send the Holy Spirit to them. The Holy Spirit is the Comforter ([John 14:16](../../jhn/14/16.md)) who is always with God's people to help them and to speak to God for them. He is also the Spirit of truth ([John 14:17](../../jhn/14/17.md)) who tells God's people what is true about God so they know him better and serve him well. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Jesus told his disciples that he would send the Holy Spirit to them. The Holy Sp * __[John 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/15/01.md b/jhn/15/01.md index 28dea8e719..f59619e3b9 100644 --- a/jhn/15/01.md +++ b/jhn/15/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The "gardener" is a metaphor. A "gardener" is a person who takes care of the vin # my Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/02.md b/jhn/15/02.md index 6a6ebc3d25..6aba2e059a 100644 --- a/jhn/15/02.md +++ b/jhn/15/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "every branch" represents people, and "bear fruit" represents living in a w # prunes every branch "trims every branch" - diff --git a/jhn/15/03.md b/jhn/15/03.md index 2962792163..1ec6746895 100644 --- a/jhn/15/03.md +++ b/jhn/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implied metaphor here is the "clean branches" that have already been "pruned # you The word "you" throughout this passage is plural and refers to the disciples of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/04.md b/jhn/15/04.md index 1057209ead..c999338d6f 100644 --- a/jhn/15/04.md +++ b/jhn/15/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # unless you remain in me By remaining in Christ, those who belong to him depend on him for everything. Alternate translation: "unless you stay joined to me and depend upon me for everything" - diff --git a/jhn/15/05.md b/jhn/15/05.md index e4a288a5eb..0fd13a9fbe 100644 --- a/jhn/15/05.md +++ b/jhn/15/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "vine" is a metaphor that represents Jesus. The "branches" is a metaphor tha # he bears much fruit The implied metaphor here is the fruitful branch that represents the believer who pleases God. Just as a branch that is attached to the vine will bear much fruit, those who stay joined to Jesus will do many things that please God. Alternate translation: "you will bear much fruit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/06.md b/jhn/15/06.md index 78cba551ac..053df1c01c 100644 --- a/jhn/15/06.md +++ b/jhn/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the implied metaphor is the unfruitful branch that represents those who do # they are burned up You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "the fire burns them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/07.md b/jhn/15/07.md index a02483c9b2..f6c032ecbb 100644 --- a/jhn/15/07.md +++ b/jhn/15/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus implies that believers must ask God to answer their prayers. Alternate tra # it will be done for you You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "he will do it for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/08.md b/jhn/15/08.md index 5ece0634fc..c59cc954ea 100644 --- a/jhn/15/08.md +++ b/jhn/15/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "fruit" is a metaphor for living to please God. Alternate translation: "whe # prove that you are my disciples "show you are my disciples" or "demonstrate you are my disciples" - diff --git a/jhn/15/09.md b/jhn/15/09.md index 2bb91fffaa..d33e6024a4 100644 --- a/jhn/15/09.md +++ b/jhn/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus shares the love that God the Father has for him with those who trust in hi # Remain in my love "Continue to accept my love" - diff --git a/jhn/15/10.md b/jhn/15/10.md index 5eb2a6d139..331b029a5f 100644 --- a/jhn/15/10.md +++ b/jhn/15/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When Jesus's followers obey him, they show their love for him. Alternate transla # my Father Here "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/11.md b/jhn/15/11.md index a90318baa6..4566e5d503 100644 --- a/jhn/15/11.md +++ b/jhn/15/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so that your joy will be made full You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so that you will be completely joyful" or "so that your joy may have nothing missing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/12.md b/jhn/15/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/15/12.md +++ b/jhn/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/15/13.md b/jhn/15/13.md index f83a02f20c..e19880e345 100644 --- a/jhn/15/13.md +++ b/jhn/15/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # life This refers to physical life. - diff --git a/jhn/15/14.md b/jhn/15/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/15/14.md +++ b/jhn/15/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/15/15.md b/jhn/15/15.md index 181308901d..a3f220e363 100644 --- a/jhn/15/15.md +++ b/jhn/15/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my Father Here "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/16.md b/jhn/15/16.md index 3ad439c07e..30c2365e55 100644 --- a/jhn/15/16.md +++ b/jhn/15/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "name" is a metonym that represents the authority of Jesus. Alternate trans # the Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/17.md b/jhn/15/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/15/17.md +++ b/jhn/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/15/18.md b/jhn/15/18.md index 1221324041..ce328670bf 100644 --- a/jhn/15/18.md +++ b/jhn/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the world the people who do not belong to God and are opposed to him (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/19.md b/jhn/15/19.md index 17419e6628..cc1814f66d 100644 --- a/jhn/15/19.md +++ b/jhn/15/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the people who do not belong to God and are opposed to him (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # love This refers to human, brotherly love or love for a friend or family member. - diff --git a/jhn/15/20.md b/jhn/15/20.md index 096e37e577..617e825f8c 100644 --- a/jhn/15/20.md +++ b/jhn/15/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Remember the word that I said to you Here "word" is a metonym for the message of Jesus. Alternate translation: "Remember the message that I spoke to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/21.md b/jhn/15/21.md index 6731692cef..b7a603915b 100644 --- a/jhn/15/21.md +++ b/jhn/15/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of my name Here "my name" is a metonym that represents Jesus. People will make his followers suffer because they belong to him. Alternate translation: "because you belong to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/22.md b/jhn/15/22.md index dfb22d3950..8a5ed4aafd 100644 --- a/jhn/15/22.md +++ b/jhn/15/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus implies here that he has shared God's message with those who do not trust # they would not have sin "they would not be guilty of sin" - diff --git a/jhn/15/23.md b/jhn/15/23.md index a7f8fe7a16..47838b19a9 100644 --- a/jhn/15/23.md +++ b/jhn/15/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To hate God the Son is to hate God the Father. # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/24.md b/jhn/15/24.md index bbf1ff9978..ab23e1fc2f 100644 --- a/jhn/15/24.md +++ b/jhn/15/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this double negative in a positive form. Alternate translation # they have seen and hated both me and my Father To hate God the Son is to hate God the Father. - diff --git a/jhn/15/25.md b/jhn/15/25.md index b09182bad4..a120bed6cf 100644 --- a/jhn/15/25.md +++ b/jhn/15/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. "Word" here is a metonym for the entir # law This refers generally to the entire Old Testament, which contained all of God's instructions for his people. - diff --git a/jhn/15/26.md b/jhn/15/26.md index a59123398d..088d38d56f 100644 --- a/jhn/15/26.md +++ b/jhn/15/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # the Spirit of truth This is a title for the Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: "the Spirit who tells the truth about God and me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/27.md b/jhn/15/27.md index 1e151203ac..4da4e15ee4 100644 --- a/jhn/15/27.md +++ b/jhn/15/27.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ Here "testify" means to tell others about Jesus. Alternate translation: "You also must tell everyone what you know about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # You also must + Some English versions of the Bible translate "must" as "will." Alternate translation: "You also will" # the beginning Here the "beginning" is a metonym that means the first days of Jesus's ministry. Alternate translation: "from the very first days when I began teaching the people and doing miracles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/15/intro.md b/jhn/15/intro.md index f11e5a2d3c..d755051bd1 100644 --- a/jhn/15/intro.md +++ b/jhn/15/intro.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ # John 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Vine +### Vine Jesus used the vine as a metaphor for himself. This is because the vine of the grape plant is what takes water and minerals from the ground to the leaves and grapes. Without the vine, the grapes and leaves die. He wanted his followers to know that unless they loved and obeyed him, they would be unable to do anything that pleased God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus used the vine as a metaphor for himself. This is because the vine of the g * __[John 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/16/01.md b/jhn/16/01.md index 51e1379d27..54c5f2cead 100644 --- a/jhn/16/01.md +++ b/jhn/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The story that began in the previous chapter continues. Jesus reclines at the ta # you will not fall away The phrase "fall away" means "stop trusting" or "stop believing." You may need to specify the the trusting or believing is "in me" or the reason for which the hearers might "fall away." Alternate translation: "you will not stop trusting" or "you will not stop believing in me because of the difficulties you must face" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/02.md b/jhn/16/02.md index acf28be97d..d637dd6ef7 100644 --- a/jhn/16/02.md +++ b/jhn/16/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hour is coming when everyone who kills you will think that he is offering a service to God "it will someday happen that people who kill you will think they are doing something good for God." - diff --git a/jhn/16/03.md b/jhn/16/03.md index bcc87993f4..af322a4e24 100644 --- a/jhn/16/03.md +++ b/jhn/16/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They will kill some believers because they do not know God the Father or Jesus. # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/04.md b/jhn/16/04.md index 753409453b..f47d059c98 100644 --- a/jhn/16/04.md +++ b/jhn/16/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hour" is a metonym that refers to the time when people will persecute Jesu # in the beginning This is a metonym that refers to the first days of Jesus's ministry. Alternate translation: "when you first started following me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/05.md b/jhn/16/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/16/05.md +++ b/jhn/16/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/16/06.md b/jhn/16/06.md index eb1248b862..74c576a5ec 100644 --- a/jhn/16/06.md +++ b/jhn/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sorrow has filled your heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being. Alternate translation: "you are now very sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/07.md b/jhn/16/07.md index 054ce47981..f3f5133449 100644 --- a/jhn/16/07.md +++ b/jhn/16/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in a positive form. Alternate translation: "the Comforter # Comforter This is a title for the Holy Spirit, who will be with the disciples after Jesus goes away. See how you translated this in [John 14:26](../14/26.md). - diff --git a/jhn/16/08.md b/jhn/16/08.md index ae465f72d2..5caafcc784 100644 --- a/jhn/16/08.md +++ b/jhn/16/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the Holy Spirit. See how you translated this in [John 14:16](../1 # world This is a metonym that refers to the people in the world.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/09.md b/jhn/16/09.md index 0a78b7377b..982a3a6c93 100644 --- a/jhn/16/09.md +++ b/jhn/16/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about sin, because they do not believe in me "they are guilty of sin because they do not trust in me" - diff --git a/jhn/16/10.md b/jhn/16/10.md index 63d47433a3..4ef0560fde 100644 --- a/jhn/16/10.md +++ b/jhn/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/11.md b/jhn/16/11.md index caa7bdea65..1f78d4d827 100644 --- a/jhn/16/11.md +++ b/jhn/16/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because the ruler of this world has Here "ruler" refers to Satan. See how you translated this in [John 12:31](../12/31.md). Alternate translation: "because Satan, who rules this world, has" - diff --git a/jhn/16/12.md b/jhn/16/12.md index 31bdffbed2..088d510766 100644 --- a/jhn/16/12.md +++ b/jhn/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you cannot bear them The word "bear" or carry here is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) being able to understand the words. Alternate translation: "you cannot understand them" Or 2) being able to obey the words. Alternate translation: "you cannot obey them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/13.md b/jhn/16/13.md index b86efbfdcc..915527cc74 100644 --- a/jhn/16/13.md +++ b/jhn/16/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "truth" refers to spiritual truth. Alternate translation: "he will teach you # he will say whatever he hears Jesus implies that God the Father will speak to the Spirit. Alternate translation: "he will say whatever God tells him to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/14.md b/jhn/16/14.md index 15a18e3d22..c7c3c56b4b 100644 --- a/jhn/16/14.md +++ b/jhn/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will take from what is mine and he will tell it to you Here "things of mine" refers to Jesus's teaching and mighty works. Alternate translation: "he will reveal to you that what I have said and done are indeed true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/15.md b/jhn/16/15.md index 207935f93c..0d4161f887 100644 --- a/jhn/16/15.md +++ b/jhn/16/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # the Spirit will take from what is mine and he will tell it to you The Holy Spirit will tell people that the words and works of Jesus are true. Alternate translation: "The Holy Spirit will tell everyone that my words and works are true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/16.md b/jhn/16/16.md index f51afd3ff9..06b72cc530 100644 --- a/jhn/16/16.md +++ b/jhn/16/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # after another short amount of time "again, before much time passes" - diff --git a/jhn/16/17.md b/jhn/16/17.md index 2f8e6c8af2..0f3a962b78 100644 --- a/jhn/16/17.md +++ b/jhn/16/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) This could refer to Jesus's resurrection or 2) This cou # the Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/18.md b/jhn/16/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/16/18.md +++ b/jhn/16/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/16/19.md b/jhn/16/19.md index a8de24dbb5..76b7c24573 100644 --- a/jhn/16/19.md +++ b/jhn/16/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. # Is this what you are asking each other, what I meant by saying, ... see me'? Jesus uses this question so his disciples will focus on what he has just told them, so he can explain further. Alternate translation: "You are asking each other what I meant when I said, ... see me.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/20.md b/jhn/16/20.md index 80ca1ba786..9d3386d65c 100644 --- a/jhn/16/20.md +++ b/jhn/16/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "world" is a metonym for the people who oppose God. Alternate translati # but your sorrow will be turned into joy You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "but your sadness will become joy" or "but afterwards instead of being sad you will be very happy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/21.md b/jhn/16/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/16/21.md +++ b/jhn/16/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/16/22.md b/jhn/16/22.md index 206736eeb1..e2fa0c8412 100644 --- a/jhn/16/22.md +++ b/jhn/16/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your heart will be glad Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being. Alternate translation: "you will be very happy" or "you will be very joyful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/23.md b/jhn/16/23.md index 27c76c65ef..02acce32d6 100644 --- a/jhn/16/23.md +++ b/jhn/16/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # in my name Here "name" is a metonym that refers to the person and authority of Jesus. The Father will honor the requests of the believers because of their relationship with Jesus. Alternate translation: "because you are my followers" or "on my authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/24.md b/jhn/16/24.md index 1982592002..2aa7774eae 100644 --- a/jhn/16/24.md +++ b/jhn/16/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your joy will be fulfilled You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "you will become very joyful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/25.md b/jhn/16/25.md index bd9fab891a..ce672a2f60 100644 --- a/jhn/16/25.md +++ b/jhn/16/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/26.md b/jhn/16/26.md index fdbe1edf85..e7fbed0938 100644 --- a/jhn/16/26.md +++ b/jhn/16/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" is a metonym for the person and authority of Jesus. Alternate transl # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/27.md b/jhn/16/27.md index 42a433a938..da951399b4 100644 --- a/jhn/16/27.md +++ b/jhn/16/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Father himself loves you because you have loved me When a person loves Jesus, the Son, they also love the Father, because the Father and the Son are one. - diff --git a/jhn/16/28.md b/jhn/16/28.md index 43a6c2710e..016bb15f04 100644 --- a/jhn/16/28.md +++ b/jhn/16/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelin # world The "world" is a metonym that refers to the people who live in the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/29.md b/jhn/16/29.md index 3a4cdee600..a13478a002 100644 --- a/jhn/16/29.md +++ b/jhn/16/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The disciples respond to Jesus. - diff --git a/jhn/16/30.md b/jhn/16/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/16/30.md +++ b/jhn/16/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/16/31.md b/jhn/16/31.md index 7fb350f356..8771c0a518 100644 --- a/jhn/16/31.md +++ b/jhn/16/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you believe now? This remarks appears in the form of a question to show that Jesus is puzzled that his disciples are only now ready to trust him. Alternate translation: "So, now you finally place your trust in me! (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/32.md b/jhn/16/32.md index 06def2b380..5229c4f37f 100644 --- a/jhn/16/32.md +++ b/jhn/16/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "others will sc # the Father is with me This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/33.md b/jhn/16/33.md index 3a4fd63781..2fbf3bd5cc 100644 --- a/jhn/16/33.md +++ b/jhn/16/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "peace" refers to inner peace. Alternate translation: "so that you may have # I have conquered the world Here "the world" refers to the troubles and persecution that believers will endure from those who oppose God. Alternate translation: "I have conquered the troubles of this world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/16/intro.md b/jhn/16/intro.md index dc1d96a182..de1fadcfab 100644 --- a/jhn/16/intro.md +++ b/jhn/16/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # John 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The Holy Spirit +### The Holy Spirit Jesus told his disciples that he would send the Holy Spirit to them. The Holy Spirit is the Comforter ([John 16:7](../../jhn/16/07.md)) who is always with God's people to help them and to speak to God for them. He is also the Spirit of truth ([John 16:13](../../jhn/16/13.md)) who tells God's people what is true about God so they know him better and serve him well. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]) -#### "The hour is coming" +### "The hour is coming" Jesus used these words to begin prophecies about times that could be shorter or longer than sixty minutes. "The hour" in which people would persecute his followers ([John 16:2](../../jhn/16/02.md)) was days, weeks, and years long, but "the hour" in which his disciples would scatter and leave him alone ([John 16:32](../../jhn/16/32.md)) was less than sixty minutes long. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Simile +### Simile Jesus said that just as a woman is in pain as she gives birth to a baby and his followers would be sad when he died. But the woman is glad after the baby is born, and his followers would be happy when he became alive again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus said that just as a woman is in pain as she gives birth to a baby and his * __[John 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/17/01.md b/jhn/17/01.md index d27630ac72..c4adaf0777 100644 --- a/jhn/17/01.md +++ b/jhn/17/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. # the hour has come Here the word "hour" is a metonym that refers to the time for Jesus to suffer and die. Alternate translation: "it is time for me to suffer and die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/02.md b/jhn/17/02.md index be6e1978be..182145aed5 100644 --- a/jhn/17/02.md +++ b/jhn/17/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all flesh This refers to all people. - diff --git a/jhn/17/03.md b/jhn/17/03.md index 4f236d3091..20e3b39bf0 100644 --- a/jhn/17/03.md +++ b/jhn/17/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is eternal life ... know you, the only true God, and ... Jesus Christ Eternal life is to know the only true God, God the Father, and also God the Son. - diff --git a/jhn/17/04.md b/jhn/17/04.md index 61d56608ac..9022094d2d 100644 --- a/jhn/17/04.md +++ b/jhn/17/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the work that you have given me to do Here "work" is a metonym that refers to Jesus's entire earthly ministry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/05.md b/jhn/17/05.md index f4995045cc..c19e9ae592 100644 --- a/jhn/17/05.md +++ b/jhn/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus had glory with God the Father "before the world was made" because Jesus is # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/06.md b/jhn/17/06.md index 4b916e3978..f8d766f8f2 100644 --- a/jhn/17/06.md +++ b/jhn/17/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "world" is a metonym that refers to the people of the world that oppose God # kept your word This is an idiom that means to obey. Alternate translation: "obeyed your teaching" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/07.md b/jhn/17/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/17/07.md +++ b/jhn/17/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/17/08.md b/jhn/17/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/17/08.md +++ b/jhn/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/17/09.md b/jhn/17/09.md index 2b58f2bdd5..85e6c9bef6 100644 --- a/jhn/17/09.md +++ b/jhn/17/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I do not pray for the world Here the word "world" is a metonym that refers to the people who oppose God. Alternate translation: "I am not praying for those who do not belong to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/10.md b/jhn/17/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/17/10.md +++ b/jhn/17/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/17/11.md b/jhn/17/11.md index a769904927..dc410e1e36 100644 --- a/jhn/17/11.md +++ b/jhn/17/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # keep them in your name that you have given me Here the word "name" is a metonym for God's power and authority. Alternate translation: "keep them safe by your power and authority, which you have given me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/12.md b/jhn/17/12.md index 442b571195..fcf7a4ced2 100644 --- a/jhn/17/12.md +++ b/jhn/17/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Judas, who betrayed Jesus. Alternate translation: "the one whom y # so that the scriptures would be fulfilled You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "to fulfill the prophecy about him in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/13.md b/jhn/17/13.md index 3819438495..99708dfffc 100644 --- a/jhn/17/13.md +++ b/jhn/17/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words are a metonym for the people who live in the world. (See: [[rc://en/ # so that they will have my joy fulfilled in themselves You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so that you might give them great joy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/14.md b/jhn/17/14.md index 9e4026a6d9..fde0341e80 100644 --- a/jhn/17/14.md +++ b/jhn/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the world ... because they are not of the world ... I am not of the world Here "the "world" is a metonym that refers to the people who oppose God. Alternate translation: "the people who oppose you ... because they do not belong to those who do not believe ... I do not belong to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/15.md b/jhn/17/15.md index 3976fd0c4a..ccfba3d71c 100644 --- a/jhn/17/15.md +++ b/jhn/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this passage, "the world" is a metonym for the people who oppose God. (See: [ # keep them safe from the evil one This refers to Satan. Alternate translation: "protect them from Satan, the evil one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/16.md b/jhn/17/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/17/16.md +++ b/jhn/17/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/17/17.md b/jhn/17/17.md index 8394bfbb12..81a77b4214 100644 --- a/jhn/17/17.md +++ b/jhn/17/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The purpose for setting them apart can be stated clearly. The phrase "by the tru # Your word is truth "Your message is true" or "What you say is true" - diff --git a/jhn/17/18.md b/jhn/17/18.md index b8d7a8c1d8..74c72f315c 100644 --- a/jhn/17/18.md +++ b/jhn/17/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into the world Here into "the world" is a metonym that means to the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "to the people of the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/19.md b/jhn/17/19.md index 2c87b17a49..af40e7020d 100644 --- a/jhn/17/19.md +++ b/jhn/17/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that they themselves may also be set apart in truth You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so that they may also truly set themselves apart to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/20.md b/jhn/17/20.md index 49524cdf28..8314c03610 100644 --- a/jhn/17/20.md +++ b/jhn/17/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who will believe in me through their word "those who will believe in me because these teach about me" - diff --git a/jhn/17/21.md b/jhn/17/21.md index 9d257c6127..faf0ea8917 100644 --- a/jhn/17/21.md +++ b/jhn/17/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # the world Here the "the world" is a metonym that refers to the people who do not yet know God. Alternate translation: "the people who do not know God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/22.md b/jhn/17/22.md index 21ebba20b9..f2944549e4 100644 --- a/jhn/17/22.md +++ b/jhn/17/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so that they will be one, just as we are one You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so that you can unite them just as you have united us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/23.md b/jhn/17/23.md index 2c5210747c..d88791a588 100644 --- a/jhn/17/23.md +++ b/jhn/17/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the world" is a metonym that refers to the people who do not know God. Alt # loved The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. - diff --git a/jhn/17/24.md b/jhn/17/24.md index e89e00dcf7..05e74f0234 100644 --- a/jhn/17/24.md +++ b/jhn/17/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "where I am" refers to heaven. Alternate translation: "with me in heaven" ( # before the foundation of the world Here Jesus refers to the time before creation. Alternate translation: "before the world was created" or "before you created the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/25.md b/jhn/17/25.md index f7c4e608ae..29abf7af26 100644 --- a/jhn/17/25.md +++ b/jhn/17/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelin # the world did not know you The "world" is a metonym for the people who do not belong to God. Alternate translation: "those who do not belong to you do not know what you are like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/17/26.md b/jhn/17/26.md index c94c228530..ef3389e70e 100644 --- a/jhn/17/26.md +++ b/jhn/17/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "name" refers to God. Alternate translation: "I revealed to them what y # love ... loved The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. - diff --git a/jhn/17/intro.md b/jhn/17/intro.md index c3001b86d3..6fbd47d231 100644 --- a/jhn/17/intro.md +++ b/jhn/17/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # John 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter forms one long prayer. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Glory +### Glory Scripture often speaks of God's glory as a great, brilliant light. When people see this light, they are afraid. In this chapter Jesus asks God to show his followers his true glory ([John 17:1](../../jhn/17/01.md)). -#### Jesus is eternal +### Jesus is eternal Jesus existed before God created the world ([John 17:5](../../jhn/17/05.md)). John wrote about this in [John 1:1](../../jhn/01/01.md). -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Prayer +### Prayer Jesus is God's one and only Son ([John 3:16](../../jhn/03/16.md)), so he could pray differently from the way other people pray. He used many words that sounded like commands. Your translation should make Jesus sound like a son speaking with love and respect to his father and telling him what the father needs to do so that the father will be happy. @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jesus is God's one and only Son ([John 3:16](../../jhn/03/16.md)), so he could p * __[John 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/18/01.md b/jhn/18/01.md index e748141d94..96c8a97a84 100644 --- a/jhn/18/01.md +++ b/jhn/18/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a low place in Jerusalem separating the Temple Mount from the Mount of # where there was a garden This was a grove of olive trees. Alternate translation: "where there was a grove of olive trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/02.md b/jhn/18/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/18/02.md +++ b/jhn/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/18/03.md b/jhn/18/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/18/03.md +++ b/jhn/18/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/18/04.md b/jhn/18/04.md index 6f8154ad9f..0bcb8d6a75 100644 --- a/jhn/18/04.md +++ b/jhn/18/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to speak with the soldiers, officers, and Pharisees. # Then Jesus, who knew all the things that were happening to him "Then Jesus, who knew everything that was about to happen to him" - diff --git a/jhn/18/05.md b/jhn/18/05.md index aa49f297f2..f6bab692c7 100644 --- a/jhn/18/05.md +++ b/jhn/18/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "he" is implied in the text. Alternate translation: "I am he" (See: [[r # who betrayed him "who handed him over" - diff --git a/jhn/18/06.md b/jhn/18/06.md index 34731f09e7..a990618d7f 100644 --- a/jhn/18/06.md +++ b/jhn/18/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "he" is not present in the original text, but it is implied. Alter # fell to the ground The men fell to the ground because of Jesus's power. Alternate translation: "fell down because of Jesus's power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/07.md b/jhn/18/07.md index ce391ab121..edb9080425 100644 --- a/jhn/18/07.md +++ b/jhn/18/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus of Nazareth "Jesus, the man from Nazareth" - diff --git a/jhn/18/08.md b/jhn/18/08.md index 894439d547..0adb7e6842 100644 --- a/jhn/18/08.md +++ b/jhn/18/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am Here the word "he" is not present in the original text, but it is implied. Alternate translation: "I am he" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/09.md b/jhn/18/09.md index b86534eb31..e913eaa7ec 100644 --- a/jhn/18/09.md +++ b/jhn/18/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this verse there is a stop in the main story. Here John gives background info # This was in order to fulfill the word that he said Here "the word" refers to the words Jesus had prayed. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "This happened in order to fulfill the words that he had said when he was praying to his Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/10.md b/jhn/18/10.md index 7501026aee..3c5d598723 100644 --- a/jhn/18/10.md +++ b/jhn/18/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Malchus a male servant of the high priest (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/11.md b/jhn/18/11.md index c7356c7fd7..ff18e2b13c 100644 --- a/jhn/18/11.md +++ b/jhn/18/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "cup" is a metaphor that refers to the suffering that Jesus must endure. (S # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/12.md b/jhn/18/12.md index f42c06269f..f778479251 100644 --- a/jhn/18/12.md +++ b/jhn/18/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the Jews" is a synecdoche for the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. Altern # seized Jesus and tied him up The soldiers tied Jesus's hands to prevent him from escaping. Alternate translation: "captured Jesus and tied him up to prevent him from escaping" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/13.md b/jhn/18/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/18/13.md +++ b/jhn/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/18/14.md b/jhn/18/14.md index 728187b976..eb0a8bc42a 100644 --- a/jhn/18/14.md +++ b/jhn/18/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verse 14 tells us background information about Caiaphas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/15.md b/jhn/18/15.md index afe691a163..6afd32991f 100644 --- a/jhn/18/15.md +++ b/jhn/18/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now that disciple was known to the high priest, and he entered with Jesus You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Now the high priest knew that disciple so he was able to enter with Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/17.md b/jhn/18/17.md index e9f65458e5..71c18d2efe 100644 --- a/jhn/18/17.md +++ b/jhn/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Are you not also one of the disciples of this man? This appears in the form of a question to enable the servant to express her remark somewhat cautiously. Alternate translation: "You are also one of the arrested man's disciples! Are you not?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/18.md b/jhn/18/18.md index 7ebb3574e7..ab534b4308 100644 --- a/jhn/18/18.md +++ b/jhn/18/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These were the high priest's servants and the temple guards. Alternate translati # Now This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here John adds information about the people who were warming themselves around the fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/19.md b/jhn/18/19.md index b816891f42..7e95f9e122 100644 --- a/jhn/18/19.md +++ b/jhn/18/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was Caiphas ([John 18:13](../18/13.md)). # about his disciples and his teaching Here "his teaching" refers to what Jesus had been teaching the people. Alternate translation: "about his disciples and what he had been teaching the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/20.md b/jhn/18/20.md index f9f66b9685..bebcd2a455 100644 --- a/jhn/18/20.md +++ b/jhn/18/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that the word "world" is a metonym for those peopl # where all the Jews come together Here "all the Jews" is an exaggeration that emphasizes that Jesus spoke where anyone who wanted to hear him could hear him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/21.md b/jhn/18/21.md index dce5f93550..e0d08f4475 100644 --- a/jhn/18/21.md +++ b/jhn/18/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why did you ask me? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis to what Jesus is saying. Alternate translation: "You should not be asking me these questions!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/22.md b/jhn/18/22.md index aa6b18a61a..8dc22990f8 100644 --- a/jhn/18/22.md +++ b/jhn/18/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is that how you answer the high priest? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "That is not how you should answer the high priest!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/23.md b/jhn/18/23.md index f7df3254d4..e167defec7 100644 --- a/jhn/18/23.md +++ b/jhn/18/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words refer to moral wrong, like blasphemy, not to mere mistakes about fac # if rightly, why do you hit me? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis to what Jesus is saying. Alternate translation: "if I said only what was right, you should not be hitting me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/24.md b/jhn/18/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/18/24.md +++ b/jhn/18/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/18/25.md b/jhn/18/25.md index 42493b78e0..b2f40ac534 100644 --- a/jhn/18/25.md +++ b/jhn/18/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used to mark a stop in the story. Here John tells more information # Are you not also one of his disciples? The speaker uses a questions to somewhat cautiously make a comment. Alternate translation: "You are also one of the arrested man's disciples, are you not?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/26.md b/jhn/18/26.md index e641a2be6b..d130519dc6 100644 --- a/jhn/18/26.md +++ b/jhn/18/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did I not see you in the garden with him? This appears in the form of a question to enable the servant to express his remark somewhat cautiously. Alternate translation: "I saw you in the garden with him, did I not?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/27.md b/jhn/18/27.md index 1cb4916aea..44154be4ab 100644 --- a/jhn/18/27.md +++ b/jhn/18/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter again denied knowing and being with Jesus. Alternate translation: "Peter d # immediately the rooster crowed Here the writer assumes that the reader will remember that Jesus had said Peter would deny him before the rooster crowed. Alternate translation: "immediately the rooster crowed, just as Jesus had said would happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/28.md b/jhn/18/28.md index 34e60b4520..1457e85941 100644 --- a/jhn/18/28.md +++ b/jhn/18/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here it is implied that they led Jesus from Caiaphas' house. Alternate translati # they did not enter the government headquarters so that they would not be defiled Pilate was not a Jew, so if the Jewish leaders entered his headquarters, they would be defiled. This would have prevented them from celebrating the Passover. "they themselves remained outside Pilate's headquarters because Pilate was a Gentile. They did not want to become defiled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/29.md b/jhn/18/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/18/29.md +++ b/jhn/18/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/18/30.md b/jhn/18/30.md index abe04a9155..ee0e19e54a 100644 --- a/jhn/18/30.md +++ b/jhn/18/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this double negative in a positive form. Alternate translation # given him over This phrase here means to hand over to an enemy. - diff --git a/jhn/18/31.md b/jhn/18/31.md index d4108439d1..d45a56f416 100644 --- a/jhn/18/31.md +++ b/jhn/18/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Jews" is a synecdoche for the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus and arreste # It is not lawful for us to put any man to death According to Roman law, the Jews could not put a man to death. Alternate translation: "According to Roman law, we cannot put a person to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/32.md b/jhn/18/32.md index 1f32fae7f1..392e1c1780 100644 --- a/jhn/18/32.md +++ b/jhn/18/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "in order to fu # to indicate by what kind of death he would die "regarding how he would die" - diff --git a/jhn/18/33.md b/jhn/18/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/18/33.md +++ b/jhn/18/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/18/34.md b/jhn/18/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/18/34.md +++ b/jhn/18/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/18/35.md b/jhn/18/35.md index 2d2756c1fa..55999c4c3c 100644 --- a/jhn/18/35.md +++ b/jhn/18/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question so Pilate can emphasize his comple # Your own people "Your fellow Jews" - diff --git a/jhn/18/36.md b/jhn/18/36.md index 805465d237..c3367e3798 100644 --- a/jhn/18/36.md +++ b/jhn/18/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "and would prev # the Jews Here "Jews" is a synecdoche that refers to the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/37.md b/jhn/18/37.md index 7bcbde55b3..5df33acd0f 100644 --- a/jhn/18/37.md +++ b/jhn/18/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to anyone who loves the truth about God. (See: [[rc # my voice Here "voice" is a synecdoche that refers to words Jesus says. Alternate translation: "the things I say" or "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/38.md b/jhn/18/38.md index 51c50eb98d..ec4104d725 100644 --- a/jhn/18/38.md +++ b/jhn/18/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to reflect Pilate's belief that no # the Jews Here "Jews" is a synecdoche that refers to the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/18/39.md b/jhn/18/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/18/39.md +++ b/jhn/18/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/18/40.md b/jhn/18/40.md index 821609787f..27cf3a20a2 100644 --- a/jhn/18/40.md +++ b/jhn/18/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here John provides background information about Barabbas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # revolutionary person who wants to take over the government - diff --git a/jhn/18/intro.md b/jhn/18/intro.md index 23ab58919d..334c93b43e 100644 --- a/jhn/18/intro.md +++ b/jhn/18/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,20 @@ # John 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Verse 14 says, "Now Caiaphas was the one who had given the advice to the Jews that it would be better that one man die for the people." The author says this to help the reader understand why it was to Caiaphas that they took Jesus. You might want to put these words in parentheses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) +Verse 14 says, "Now Caiaphas was the one who had given the advice to the Jews that it would be better that one man die for the people." The author says this to help the reader understand why it was to Caiaphas that they took Jesus. You might want to put these words in parentheses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "It is not lawful for us to put any man to death" +### "It is not lawful for us to put any man to death" The Roman government did not allow the Jews to kill criminals, so the Jews needed to ask Pilate, the governor, to kill him ([John 18:31](../../jhn/18/31.md)). -#### Jesus's kingdom +### Jesus's kingdom No one knows for sure what Jesus meant when he told Pilate that his kingdom was not "of this world" ([John 18:36](../../jhn/18/36.md)). Some people think that Jesus means that his kingdom is only spiritual and that he has no visible kingdom on this earth, Other people think that Jesus meant that he would not build and rule his kingdom by force, the way other kings build theirs. It is possible to translate the words "is not of this world" as "is not from this place" or "comes from another place." -#### King of the Jews +### King of the Jews Pilate asked Jesus if he were the King of the Jews ([John 18:33](../../jhn/18/33.md)) to see if Jesus were claiming to be like King Herod, whom the Romans were permitting to rule Judea. When he asked the crowd if he should release the King of the Jews ([John 18:39](../../jhn/18/39.md)), he was mocking the Jews because the Romans and Jews hated each other. He was also mocking Jesus, because he did not think that Jesus was a king at all. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) @@ -23,4 +23,3 @@ Pilate asked Jesus if he were the King of the Jews ([John 18:33](../../jhn/18/33 * __[John 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/19/01.md b/jhn/19/01.md index b9bbb114b6..38fa68f68e 100644 --- a/jhn/19/01.md +++ b/jhn/19/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The story that began in the previous chapter continues. Jesus is standing before # Then Pilate took Jesus and whipped him Pilate himself did not whip Jesus. Here "Pilate" is a metonym for the soldiers whom Pilate ordered to whip Jesus. Alternate translation: "Then Pilate's soldiers took Jesus out of the room and whipped him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/02.md b/jhn/19/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/19/02.md +++ b/jhn/19/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/19/03.md b/jhn/19/03.md index efe2780444..8a51cc6230 100644 --- a/jhn/19/03.md +++ b/jhn/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hail, King of the Jews The greeting "Hail" with a raised hand was only used to greet Caesar. As the soldiers use the crown of thorns and the purple robe to mock Jesus, it is ironic that they do not recognize that he is indeed a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/04.md b/jhn/19/04.md index dace9c046a..cdf904f855 100644 --- a/jhn/19/04.md +++ b/jhn/19/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I find no guilt in him Pilate states this twice to say he does not believe Jesus is guilty of any crime. He does not want to punish him. Alternate translation: "I see no reason to punish him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/05.md b/jhn/19/05.md index c631d0d992..82dbcb4585 100644 --- a/jhn/19/05.md +++ b/jhn/19/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # crown of thorns ... purple garment The crown and the purple robe are things only kings wear. The soldiers dressed Jesus in this manner to mock him. See [John 19:2](../19/02.md). - diff --git a/jhn/19/06.md b/jhn/19/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/19/06.md +++ b/jhn/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/19/07.md b/jhn/19/07.md index 4f16d5a84a..04e6fabb83 100644 --- a/jhn/19/07.md +++ b/jhn/19/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus was condemned to death by crucifixion because he claimed he was "the Son o # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/08.md b/jhn/19/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/19/08.md +++ b/jhn/19/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/19/09.md b/jhn/19/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/19/09.md +++ b/jhn/19/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/19/10.md b/jhn/19/10.md index a515684746..8be919b39a 100644 --- a/jhn/19/10.md +++ b/jhn/19/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question. Here Pilate expresses his surpris # Do you not know that I have authority to release you, and authority to crucify you? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "You should know that I have authority to release you or to order my soldiers to crucify you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/11.md b/jhn/19/11.md index 431f54f35b..19ee53c6b7 100644 --- a/jhn/19/11.md +++ b/jhn/19/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a respectful way of referring to something coming from God. # gave me over "handed me over" - diff --git a/jhn/19/12.md b/jhn/19/12.md index 84bfc02131..7a3b1e8914 100644 --- a/jhn/19/12.md +++ b/jhn/19/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Jews" is a synecdoche that refers to the Jewish leaders that opposed Jesus # makes himself a king "claims that he is a king" - diff --git a/jhn/19/13.md b/jhn/19/13.md index 732b1124ab..a95f3a4b7f 100644 --- a/jhn/19/13.md +++ b/jhn/19/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a special stone platform where only the important people were allowed to # Aramaic This was the language that the Jews in Judea spoke among themselves. Some translations say "Hebrew," following the form of the Greek word. - diff --git a/jhn/19/14.md b/jhn/19/14.md index e58ed019e3..1def80ea1a 100644 --- a/jhn/19/14.md +++ b/jhn/19/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word marks a stop in the story. Here John provides information about the up # Pilate said to the Jews Here "Jews" is a synecdoche that refers to the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. Alternate translation: "Pilate said to the Jewish leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/15.md b/jhn/19/15.md index 5c80bbbeb2..76a68029a9 100644 --- a/jhn/19/15.md +++ b/jhn/19/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should I crucify your King? Here "I" is a synecdoche that refers to Pilate's soldiers who will actually perform the crucifixion. Alternate translation: "Do you really want me to tell my soldiers to nail your king to a cross?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/16.md b/jhn/19/16.md index 8e0b6bb768..94719f2a60 100644 --- a/jhn/19/16.md +++ b/jhn/19/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Pilate gave Jesus over to them to be crucified Though it was Roman soldiers who actually crucified Jesus, word "them" here refers to "the Jews" [John 19:14](./14.md), whom Pilate allowed to crucify Jesus. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "So Pilate gave the Jews power over Jesus so they could crucify Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/17.md b/jhn/19/17.md index 7f06241cdc..17dd75af97 100644 --- a/jhn/19/17.md +++ b/jhn/19/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "which in the A # Aramaic This was the language that the Jews in Judea spoke among themselves. Some translations say "Hebrew," following the form of the Greek word. - diff --git a/jhn/19/18.md b/jhn/19/18.md index 0af46721ae..d8d7902f23 100644 --- a/jhn/19/18.md +++ b/jhn/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with him two other men This is an ellipsis. You can translate this, adding the implied words. Alternate translation: "they also nailed two other criminals to their crosses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/19.md b/jhn/19/19.md index f046e0e7a0..ff4549640f 100644 --- a/jhn/19/19.md +++ b/jhn/19/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Pilate" is a synecdoche for the person who wrote on the sign. Here "on the # There it was written: JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "The sign said,'Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/20.md b/jhn/19/20.md index 3983cb30b7..19706751a3 100644 --- a/jhn/19/20.md +++ b/jhn/19/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was the language that the Jews in Judea spoke among themselves. Some transl # Latin This was the language of the Roman government. - diff --git a/jhn/19/21.md b/jhn/19/21.md index e80776994d..b8174308fc 100644 --- a/jhn/19/21.md +++ b/jhn/19/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate The chief priests had to go back to Pilate's headquarters to protest to him about the words on the sign. Alternate translation: "The chief priests went back to Pilate and said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/22.md b/jhn/19/22.md index fc02c24b40..b57c505ba9 100644 --- a/jhn/19/22.md +++ b/jhn/19/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What I have written I have written Pilate implies that he will not change the words on the sign. Alternate translation: "I have written what I wanted to write, and I will not change it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/23.md b/jhn/19/23.md index 84ec530fb9..1f967d996f 100644 --- a/jhn/19/23.md +++ b/jhn/19/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # also the tunic "and they also took his tunic." The soldiers kept the tunic separate and did not divide it. Alternate translation: "they kept his tunic separate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/24.md b/jhn/19/24.md index ed838329eb..a533269720 100644 --- a/jhn/19/24.md +++ b/jhn/19/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "This fulfilled # cast lots This was how the soldiers divided Jesus's clothing among themselves. Alternate translation: "gamble" - diff --git a/jhn/19/25.md b/jhn/19/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/19/25.md +++ b/jhn/19/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/19/26.md b/jhn/19/26.md index 8fb7feb58e..de9f0ae5ba 100644 --- a/jhn/19/26.md +++ b/jhn/19/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is John, the writer of this Gospel. # Woman, see, your son Here the word "son" is a metaphor. Jesus wants his disciple, John, to be like a son to his mother. Alternate translation: "Woman, here is the man who will act like a son to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/27.md b/jhn/19/27.md index 45b49d8da7..a292516e4e 100644 --- a/jhn/19/27.md +++ b/jhn/19/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "mother" is a metaphor. Jesus wants his mother to be like a mother # From that hour "From that very moment" - diff --git a/jhn/19/28.md b/jhn/19/28.md index 01c7b609d2..6aa05b90c0 100644 --- a/jhn/19/28.md +++ b/jhn/19/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # knowing that everything was now accomplished You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "knowing that he had completed everything" or "he knew that he had done everything that God had sent him to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/29.md b/jhn/19/29.md index df92a1d0a3..90f39c765a 100644 --- a/jhn/19/29.md +++ b/jhn/19/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a small object that can soak up and hold much liquid # on a hyssop staff "on a branch of a plant called hyssop" - diff --git a/jhn/19/30.md b/jhn/19/30.md index 23f6386168..73e0bc4f7b 100644 --- a/jhn/19/30.md +++ b/jhn/19/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He bowed his head and gave up his spirit John implies here that Jesus gave his spirit back to God. Alternate translation: "He bowed his head and gave God his spirit" or "He bowed his head and died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/31.md b/jhn/19/31.md index 67fc85542c..05f556f464 100644 --- a/jhn/19/31.md +++ b/jhn/19/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the time before the Passover when people prepared food for the Passover. # to break their legs and to remove them Breaking the victims' legs caused them to die almost immediately so that the soldiers could take the dead bodies off the crosses. You may need to add this information. Alternate translation: "to break their legs so they would die and to have the soldiers remove them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/32.md b/jhn/19/32.md index 10c1c1ce8b..3ea265a2c4 100644 --- a/jhn/19/32.md +++ b/jhn/19/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who had been crucified with Jesus You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "whom they had crucified near Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/33.md b/jhn/19/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/19/33.md +++ b/jhn/19/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/19/34.md b/jhn/19/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/19/34.md +++ b/jhn/19/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/19/35.md b/jhn/19/35.md index 83c23fde5a..f1005cc2c6 100644 --- a/jhn/19/35.md +++ b/jhn/19/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "testify" means to tell about something that one has seen. Alternate translat # so that you would also believe Here "believe" means to put one's trust in Jesus. Alternate translation: "so that you will also put your trust in Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/36.md b/jhn/19/36.md index f439eb7006..ec86025231 100644 --- a/jhn/19/36.md +++ b/jhn/19/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "to fulfill the # Not one of his bones will be broken This is a quotation from Psalm 34. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "No one will break any of his bones" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/37.md b/jhn/19/37.md index 6abcc4e658..5968691329 100644 --- a/jhn/19/37.md +++ b/jhn/19/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will look at him whom they pierced This is a quotation from Zechariah 12. - diff --git a/jhn/19/38.md b/jhn/19/38.md index 46e9373e86..0976c85419 100644 --- a/jhn/19/38.md +++ b/jhn/19/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Jews" is a synecdoche for the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. Alternate # if he could take away the body of Jesus John implies that Joseph of Arimathea wanted to bury the body of Jesus. Alternate translation: "for permission to take the body of Jesus down from the cross for burial" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/39.md b/jhn/19/39.md index acdd84512b..c078654436 100644 --- a/jhn/19/39.md +++ b/jhn/19/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are plant substances that smell nice and that people used to prepare a bod # about one hundred litras You may convert this to a the measure system used in your area. The word "litra" was used for measures of about 300 grams of solids or about 300 milliliters of liquids. Because myrrh and aloes were more like solids than liquids, the measurement here is probably of weight, about 30 kilograms, rather than of volume, about 30 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/40.md b/jhn/19/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/19/40.md +++ b/jhn/19/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/19/41.md b/jhn/19/41.md index b72352d891..f152410332 100644 --- a/jhn/19/41.md +++ b/jhn/19/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Now in the pla # in which no person had yet been buried You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "in which people had buried no one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/42.md b/jhn/19/42.md index 88ab0f414d..a99c82bc48 100644 --- a/jhn/19/42.md +++ b/jhn/19/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Because it was the day of preparation for the Jews According to Jewish law, no one could work after sundown on Friday. It was the beginning of the Sabbath and Passover. Alternate translation: "Because the Passover was about to begin that evening" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/19/intro.md b/jhn/19/intro.md index 153059cd4f..c3ea510fb9 100644 --- a/jhn/19/intro.md +++ b/jhn/19/intro.md @@ -1,32 +1,32 @@ # John 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 19:24, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Purple garment" +### "Purple garment" Purple is a color like red or blue. The people were mocking Jesus, so they put him in a purple garment. This was because kings wore purple garments. They spoke and acted like they were giving honor to a king, but everyone knew that they were doing it because they hated Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) -#### "You are not Caesar's friend" +### "You are not Caesar's friend" Pilate knew that Jesus was not a criminal, so he did not want to have his soldiers kill him. But the Jews told him that Jesus was claiming to be a king, and anyone who did that was breaking Caesar's laws ([John 19:12](../../jhn/19/12.md)). -#### The tomb +### The tomb The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([John 19:41](../../jhn/19/41.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they placed the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they rolled a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Sarcasm +### Sarcasm The soldiers were insulting Jesus when they said, "Hail, King of the Jews." Pilate was insulting the Jews when he asked, "Should I crucify your king?" He was probably also insulting both Jesus and the Jews when he wrote, "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Gabbatha, Golgotha +### Gabbatha, Golgotha These are two Hebrew words. After translating the meanings of these words ("The Pavement" and "The Place of a Skull"), the author transliterates their sounds by writing them with Greek letters. @@ -35,4 +35,3 @@ These are two Hebrew words. After translating the meanings of these words ("The * __[John 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/20/01.md b/jhn/20/01.md index 81bed31508..342624c1c3 100644 --- a/jhn/20/01.md +++ b/jhn/20/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the third day after Jesus was buried. # she saw the stone rolled away You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "she saw that someone had rolled away the stone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/02.md b/jhn/20/02.md index f3ce43190e..0163958870 100644 --- a/jhn/20/02.md +++ b/jhn/20/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses the word "they" here to show that Mary Magdalene did not know wh # the Lord ... laid him These words are metonyms for Jesus's dead body. Alternate translation: "the Lord's dead body ... laid it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/03.md b/jhn/20/03.md index c7fb77b8e7..5fa5fbce52 100644 --- a/jhn/20/03.md +++ b/jhn/20/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the other disciple John apparently shows his humility by referring to himself here as "the other disciple," rather than including his name. - diff --git a/jhn/20/04.md b/jhn/20/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/20/04.md +++ b/jhn/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/20/05.md b/jhn/20/05.md index 22b0c85792..829a7b34c1 100644 --- a/jhn/20/05.md +++ b/jhn/20/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # linen cloths These were the burial cloths that people had used to wrap the body of Jesus. - diff --git a/jhn/20/06.md b/jhn/20/06.md index d412db766a..2bd24f52fd 100644 --- a/jhn/20/06.md +++ b/jhn/20/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # linen cloths These were the burial cloths that people had used to wrap the body of Jesus. See how you translated this in [John 20:5](../20/05.md). - diff --git a/jhn/20/07.md b/jhn/20/07.md index e02d7ffd10..9e5786f561 100644 --- a/jhn/20/07.md +++ b/jhn/20/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "his head" refers to "Jesus's head." You can translate this in an active fo # but was folded up in a place by itself This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but someone had folded it and put it aside, separate from the linen cloths" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/08.md b/jhn/20/08.md index 27df2b1c87..39e02635f3 100644 --- a/jhn/20/08.md +++ b/jhn/20/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John apparently expresses his humility by referring to himself as "the other dis # he saw and believed Until he saw that the tomb was empty, he did not believe that Jesus had risen from the dead, but when he saw that the tomb was empty, he did believe. Alternate translation: "he saw these things and now believed that Jesus had risen from the dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/09.md b/jhn/20/09.md index 4441572565..22f0d4a393 100644 --- a/jhn/20/09.md +++ b/jhn/20/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ become alive again # the dead All those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. - diff --git a/jhn/20/10.md b/jhn/20/10.md index e94efc1889..7c72be8f24 100644 --- a/jhn/20/10.md +++ b/jhn/20/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went back home again The disciples continued to stay in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "went back to where they were staying in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/11.md b/jhn/20/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/20/11.md +++ b/jhn/20/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/20/12.md b/jhn/20/12.md index 16fde81a17..eea9418de2 100644 --- a/jhn/20/12.md +++ b/jhn/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She saw two angels in white The angels were wearing white clothing. Alternate translation: "She saw two angels dressed in white clothing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/13.md b/jhn/20/13.md index 7e60eb8d79..23cc179a70 100644 --- a/jhn/20/13.md +++ b/jhn/20/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Because they took away my Lord, and I do not know where they have put him The words "my Lord" here are a metonym for the Lord's body. Alternate translation: "Because they took away the body of my Lord, and I do not know where they have put it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/14.md b/jhn/20/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/20/14.md +++ b/jhn/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/20/15.md b/jhn/20/15.md index 56e8633a79..b7b8ef5550 100644 --- a/jhn/20/15.md +++ b/jhn/20/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if you have taken him away, tell me where you have put him, and I will take him away Here the word "him" is a metonym that refers to Jesus's dead body. Alternate translation: "if you have taken his dead body away, tell me where you have put it, and I will take it away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/16.md b/jhn/20/16.md index 3b8a21e1ea..fa9864263c 100644 --- a/jhn/20/16.md +++ b/jhn/20/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Rabboni" means "teacher" in Aramaic. # Aramaic This was the language that the Jews in Judea spoke among themselves. Some translations say "Hebrew," following the form of the Greek word. - diff --git a/jhn/20/17.md b/jhn/20/17.md index d6f41dd9d4..31f1b33ab2 100644 --- a/jhn/20/17.md +++ b/jhn/20/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus rose from the dead and then predicted he would go up into heaven, back to # my Father and your Father These are important titles that describe the relationship between Jesus and God, and between believers and God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/18.md b/jhn/20/18.md index 5db2f97a85..0863a529dd 100644 --- a/jhn/20/18.md +++ b/jhn/20/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples Mary Magdalene went to where the disciples were staying and told them what she had seen and heard. Alternate translation: "Mary Magdalene went to where the disciples were and told them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/19.md b/jhn/20/19.md index 3cb381cffa..2b2c659d3f 100644 --- a/jhn/20/19.md +++ b/jhn/20/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Jews" is a synecdoche for the Jewish leaders who might arrest the disciple # Peace to you This is a common greeting that means "May God give you peace" . - diff --git a/jhn/20/20.md b/jhn/20/20.md index 51d1547642..6faf26d308 100644 --- a/jhn/20/20.md +++ b/jhn/20/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he showed them his hands and his side Jesus showed the disciples his wounds. Alternate translation: "he showed them the wounds in his hands and his side" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/21.md b/jhn/20/21.md index f4b493d7a9..87ccf89f00 100644 --- a/jhn/20/21.md +++ b/jhn/20/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a common greeting that means "May God give you peace." # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/22.md b/jhn/20/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/20/22.md +++ b/jhn/20/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/20/23.md b/jhn/20/23.md index 98c3d6cee7..f745371e24 100644 --- a/jhn/20/23.md +++ b/jhn/20/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will forgi # they are kept back You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will not forgive them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/24.md b/jhn/20/24.md index 936d8c9f57..83b7aa7f54 100644 --- a/jhn/20/24.md +++ b/jhn/20/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Didymus This is a male name that means "twin." See how this name is translated in [John 11:15](../11/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/25.md b/jhn/20/25.md index 9bab0dfdbd..9befa00bfd 100644 --- a/jhn/20/25.md +++ b/jhn/20/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this double negative in a positive form. Alternate translation # in his hands ... into his side The word "his" refers to Jesus. - diff --git a/jhn/20/26.md b/jhn/20/26.md index 021ce61a76..bce5e5e438 100644 --- a/jhn/20/26.md +++ b/jhn/20/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "when they had # Peace to you This is a common greeting that means "May God give you peace" . - diff --git a/jhn/20/27.md b/jhn/20/27.md index c03de48710..9aea1dc0be 100644 --- a/jhn/20/27.md +++ b/jhn/20/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses the double negative "Do not be unbelieving" to emphasize the words th # believe Here "believe" means to trust in Jesus. Alternate translation: "put your trust in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/28.md b/jhn/20/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/20/28.md +++ b/jhn/20/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/20/29.md b/jhn/20/29.md index fcbef8a18c..254dcbb111 100644 --- a/jhn/20/29.md +++ b/jhn/20/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means "God gives great happiness to those." # who have not seen This means those who have not seen Jesus. Alternate translation: "who have not seen me alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/30.md b/jhn/20/30.md index 879dc86140..565e25e646 100644 --- a/jhn/20/30.md +++ b/jhn/20/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "signs" refers to miracles that show that God is the all-powerful one w # signs that have not been written in this book You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "signs that the author did not write about in this book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/20/31.md b/jhn/20/31.md index 5a3888bfa4..d96d2883ab 100644 --- a/jhn/20/31.md +++ b/jhn/20/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "life" is a metonym that means Jesus gives life. Alternate translation: "yo # life This refers to spiritual life. - diff --git a/jhn/20/intro.md b/jhn/20/intro.md index 37137959d4..5cdd84f0e9 100644 --- a/jhn/20/intro.md +++ b/jhn/20/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,26 @@ # John 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The tomb +### The tomb The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([John 20:1](../../jhn/20/01.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter. -#### "Receive the Holy Spirit" +### "Receive the Holy Spirit" If your language uses the same word for "breath" and "spirit," be sure that the reader understands that Jesus was performing a symbolic action by breathing, and that what the disciples received was the Holy Spirit, not Jesus's breath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Rabboni +### Rabboni John used Greek letters to describe the sound of the word, and then he explained that it means "Teacher." You should do the same, using the letters of your language. -#### Jesus's resurrection body +### Jesus's resurrection body No one is sure what Jesus's body looked like after he became alive again. His disciples knew it was Jesus because they could see his face and touch the places where the soldiers had put the nails through his hands and feet, But he could also walk through solid walls and doors. It is best not to try to say more than what the ULB says. -#### Two angels in white +### Two angels in white Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the women at Jesus's tomb. Two of the authors called them men, but that is only because the angels were in human form. Two of the authors wrote about two angels, but the other two authors wrote about only one of them. It is best to translate each of these passages as it appears in the ULB without trying to make the passages all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 28:1-2](../../mat/28/01.md) and [Mark 16:5](../../mrk/16/05.md) and [Luke 24:4](../../luk/24/04.md) and [John 20:12](../../jhn/20/12.md)) @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the * __[John 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jhn/21/01.md b/jhn/21/01.md index c7e764dc08..1ce5cc9b75 100644 --- a/jhn/21/01.md +++ b/jhn/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus shows himself again to the disciples at the Sea of Tiberias. Verses 2 and # After these things "Some time later" - diff --git a/jhn/21/02.md b/jhn/21/02.md index 485b8791d2..476745f54b 100644 --- a/jhn/21/02.md +++ b/jhn/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "with Thomas wh # Didymus This is a male name that means "twin." See how this name is translated in [John 11:15](../11/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/03.md b/jhn/21/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/21/03.md +++ b/jhn/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/21/04.md b/jhn/21/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/21/04.md +++ b/jhn/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/21/05.md b/jhn/21/05.md index b58d628b5b..fa885f2f5f 100644 --- a/jhn/21/05.md +++ b/jhn/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Young men This is a term of endearment that means "My dear friends." - diff --git a/jhn/21/06.md b/jhn/21/06.md index b9811716cb..a2c32932cc 100644 --- a/jhn/21/06.md +++ b/jhn/21/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "some" refers to fish. Alternate translation: "you will catch some fish in # draw it in "pull the net in" - diff --git a/jhn/21/07.md b/jhn/21/07.md index 33c504a60c..da0e7b7c38 100644 --- a/jhn/21/07.md +++ b/jhn/21/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Peter jumped into the water and swam to shore. Alternate translation: "jumped in # threw himself This is a idiom that means Peter jumped into the water very quickly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/08.md b/jhn/21/08.md index 9e02206a72..eddf607014 100644 --- a/jhn/21/08.md +++ b/jhn/21/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) # two hundred cubits "90 meters." A cubit was a little less than half a meter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/09.md b/jhn/21/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/21/09.md +++ b/jhn/21/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/21/10.md b/jhn/21/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/21/10.md +++ b/jhn/21/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/21/11.md b/jhn/21/11.md index 686a5879c9..69ad1fe7c3 100644 --- a/jhn/21/11.md +++ b/jhn/21/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can translate this as an active form. Alternate translation: "the net did no # full of large fish, 153 "full of large fish, one hundred and fifty-three." There were 153 large fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/12.md b/jhn/21/12.md index 2ab7df44af..023fced89e 100644 --- a/jhn/21/12.md +++ b/jhn/21/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # breakfast the morning meal - diff --git a/jhn/21/13.md b/jhn/21/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jhn/21/13.md +++ b/jhn/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jhn/21/14.md b/jhn/21/14.md index b33938043a..c559f9f462 100644 --- a/jhn/21/14.md +++ b/jhn/21/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the third time You can translate this ordinal term as "time number 3." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/15.md b/jhn/21/15.md index 1c8614aa0c..ac373a2fd1 100644 --- a/jhn/21/15.md +++ b/jhn/21/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ When Peter answers, he uses the word for "love" that refers to brotherly love or # Feed my lambs Here "lambs" is a metaphor for those persons who love Jesus and follow him. Alternate translation: "Feed the people I care for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/16.md b/jhn/21/16.md index e0374bdbbf..02830f4598 100644 --- a/jhn/21/16.md +++ b/jhn/21/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to # Shepherd my sheep "Take care of my sheep." Here "sheep" is a metaphor for those who love and follow Jesus. Alternate translation: "Care for the people I care for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/17.md b/jhn/21/17.md index 53a13c2bcd..af8d26160a 100644 --- a/jhn/21/17.md +++ b/jhn/21/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This time when Jesus asks this question he uses the word for "love" that refers # Feed my sheep Here "sheep" is a metaphor that represents those who belong to Jesus and follow him. Alternate translation: "Care for the people I care for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/18.md b/jhn/21/18.md index e5b19f7711..d0e442ddd7 100644 --- a/jhn/21/18.md +++ b/jhn/21/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md). # you used to gird yourself ... someone else will gird you Here girding is a metonym for dressing and being ready for action. Alternate translation: "you used to dress yourself ... someone else will dress you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/19.md b/jhn/21/19.md index 3dc7afeb80..ae26264e61 100644 --- a/jhn/21/19.md +++ b/jhn/21/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here John implies that Peter would die on a cross. Alternate translation: "to in # Follow me Here the word "follow" means "to be a disciple." Alternate translation: "Keep on being my disciple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/20.md b/jhn/21/20.md index 58976aa581..84f0dcde0c 100644 --- a/jhn/21/20.md +++ b/jhn/21/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the kind of love that comes from God and always desires the good of othe # at the dinner This is a reference to the Last Supper ([John 13](../13/01.md)). - diff --git a/jhn/21/21.md b/jhn/21/21.md index 082aec2990..acad83f54b 100644 --- a/jhn/21/21.md +++ b/jhn/21/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "him" refers to "the disciple whom Jesus loved." # Lord, what will this man do? Peter wants to know what will happen to John. Alternate translation: "Lord, what will happen to this man?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/22.md b/jhn/21/22.md index ec795e79d0..ae14e65653 100644 --- a/jhn/21/22.md +++ b/jhn/21/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Jesus's second coming, his return to earth from heaven. # what is that to you? This remark appears in the form of a question to express a mild rebuke. Alternate translation: "that is not your concern." or "you should not be concerned about that." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/23.md b/jhn/21/23.md index 852d9017a2..7d438a2487 100644 --- a/jhn/21/23.md +++ b/jhn/21/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # among the brothers Here "the brothers" refers to all the followers of Jesus. - diff --git a/jhn/21/24.md b/jhn/21/24.md index 3d43a00ecd..97066f63d8 100644 --- a/jhn/21/24.md +++ b/jhn/21/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "testifies" means that he personally sees something. Alternate translation: # we know Here "we" refers to those who trust in Jesus. Alternate translation: "we who trust in Jesus know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/25.md b/jhn/21/25.md index 6ad98b971b..2b8b80fd25 100644 --- a/jhn/21/25.md +++ b/jhn/21/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John exaggerates to emphasize that Jesus did many more miracles than what people # the books that would be written You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "the books that people could write about what he did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jhn/21/intro.md b/jhn/21/intro.md index 2bbcf01cb1..7e6298ab59 100644 --- a/jhn/21/intro.md +++ b/jhn/21/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # John 21 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### The metaphor of sheep +### The metaphor of sheep Before Jesus died, he spoke of himself taking care of his people as if he were a good shepherd taking care of sheep ([John 10:11](../../jhn/10/11.md)). After he became alive again, he told Peter that Peter would be the one who would take care of Jesus's sheep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Before Jesus died, he spoke of himself taking care of his people as if he were a * __[John 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/jhn/front/intro.md b/jhn/front/intro.md index a825d36257..5fe55d4791 100644 --- a/jhn/front/intro.md +++ b/jhn/front/intro.md @@ -4,24 +4,26 @@ ### Outline of the Gospel of John -1. Introduction about who Jesus is (1:1-18) +1. Introduction about who Jesus is (1:1-18) 1. Jesus is baptized, and he chooses twelve disciples (1:19-51) 1. Jesus preaches, teaches, and heals people (2-11) 1. The seven days before Jesus's death (12-19) - - Mary anoints the feet of Jesus (12:1-11) - - Jesus rides a donkey into Jerusalem (12:12-19) - - Some Greek men want to see Jesus (12:20-36) - - The Jewish leaders reject Jesus (12:37-50) - - Jesus teaches his disciples (13-17) - - Jesus is arrested and undergoes trial (18:1-19:15) - - Jesus is crucified and buried (19:16-42) + + - Mary anoints the feet of Jesus (12:1-11) + - Jesus rides a donkey into Jerusalem (12:12-19) + - Some Greek men want to see Jesus (12:20-36) + - The Jewish leaders reject Jesus (12:37-50) + - Jesus teaches his disciples (13-17) + - Jesus is arrested and undergoes trial (18:1-19:15) + - Jesus is crucified and buried (19:16-42) + 1. Jesus rises from the dead (20:1-29) 1. John says why he wrote his gospel (20:30-31) 1. Jesus meets with the disciples (21) ### What is the Gospel of John about? -The Gospel of John is one of four books in the New Testament that describe some of the life of Jesus Christ. The authors of the gospels wrote about different aspects of who Jesus was and what he did. John said that he wrote his gospel "so that people might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God" (20:31). +The Gospel of John is one of four books in the New Testament that describe some of the life of Jesus Christ. The authors of the gospels wrote about different aspects of who Jesus was and what he did. John said that he wrote his gospel "so that people might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God" (20:31). John's Gospel is very different from the other three Gospels. John does not include some of the teachings and events that the other writers included in their gospels. Also, John wrote about some teachings and events that are not in the other gospels. @@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "The Gospel o ### Who wrote the Gospel of John? This book does not give the name of the author. However, since early Christian times, most Christians have thought that the Apostle John was the author. + ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts ### Why does John write so much about the final week of Jesus's life? @@ -44,11 +47,11 @@ John wrote much about Jesus's final week. He wanted his readers to think deeply ### What do the words "remain," "reside," and "abide" mean in the Gospel of John? -John often used the words "remain," "reside", and "abide" as metaphors. John spoke of a believer becoming more faithful to Jesus and knowing Jesus better as if Jesus's word "remained" in the believer. Also, John spoke of someone being spiritually joined to someone else as if the person "remained" in the other person. Christians are said to "remain" in Christ and in God. The Father is said to "remain" in the Son, and the Son is said to "remain" in the Father. The Son is said to "remain" in believers. The Holy Spirit is also said to "remain" in the believers. - +John often used the words "remain," "reside", and "abide" as metaphors. John spoke of a believer becoming more faithful to Jesus and knowing Jesus better as if Jesus's word "remained" in the believer. Also, John spoke of someone being spiritually joined to someone else as if the person "remained" in the other person. Christians are said to "remain" in Christ and in God. The Father is said to "remain" in the Son, and the Son is said to "remain" in the Father. The Son is said to "remain" in believers. The Holy Spirit is also said to "remain" in the believers. + Many translators will find it impossible to represent these ideas in their languages in exactly the same way. For example, Jesus intended to express the idea of the Christian being spiritually together with him when he said, "He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood remains in me, and I in him" (John 6:56). The UDB uses the idea of "will be joined to me, and I will be joined to him." But translators may have to find other ways of expressing the idea. -In the passage, "If my words remain in you" (John 15:7), the UDB expresses this idea as, "If you live by my message." Translators may find it possible to use this translation as a model. +In the passage, "If my words remain in you" (John 15:7), the UDB expresses this idea as, "If you live by my message." Translators may find it possible to use this translation as a model. ### What are the major issues in the text of the Gospel of John? @@ -62,4 +65,3 @@ The following passage is included in most older and modern versions of the Bible * The story of the adulterous woman (7:53–8:11) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/job/01/01.md b/job/01/01.md index 0cd0109710..b066b4406c 100644 --- a/job/01/01.md +++ b/job/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "blameless" and "upright" share similar meanings and emphasize that Jo # turned from evil Here evil is spoken of as if it were a place that a person could avoid going to, instead of the doing of evil actions. Alternate translation: "refused to do evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/01/02.md b/job/01/02.md index cd1485d109..da6a1b26f3 100644 --- a/job/01/02.md +++ b/job/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven sons and three daughters "7 sons and 3 daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/job/01/03.md b/job/01/03.md index 42d6c74342..c8a3d9f320 100644 --- a/job/01/03.md +++ b/job/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # all the people of the East The refers to places that were east of Canaan. Alternate translation: "all the people who live in lands that were east of Canaan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/01/04.md b/job/01/04.md index 636654f232..342278231f 100644 --- a/job/01/04.md +++ b/job/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "day" perhaps refers to the day when they celebrated the son's birth. B # with them The word "them" refers to the seven sons and the three daughters but does not include Job. - diff --git a/job/01/05.md b/job/01/05.md index 5ee98142ef..5015b350f8 100644 --- a/job/01/05.md +++ b/job/01/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "consecrate" means to ask God to take away any ritual impurities that Job's # cursed God in their hearts Their "hearts" represent their thoughts. Often such thoughts could come unintentionally, without the person wanting to think them. Alternate translation: "cursed God in their thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/01/06.md b/job/01/06.md index 3d7d9a59bf..49d4524255 100644 --- a/job/01/06.md +++ b/job/01/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to angels, heavenly beings. # Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. - diff --git a/job/01/07.md b/job/01/07.md index c35508130a..9b58609b2c 100644 --- a/job/01/07.md +++ b/job/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # From wandering on the earth, from going back and forth on it The phrases "wandering" and "going back and forth" refer to the activity of traveling all over the earth in order to emphasize its completeness. Alternate translation: "From going everywhere on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/job/01/08.md b/job/01/08.md index 0ec547bc17..3689dca324 100644 --- a/job/01/08.md +++ b/job/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "blameless" and "upright" share similar meanings and emphasize that Jo # God God is referring to himself in third person. Alternate translation: "me" or "me, God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/job/01/09.md b/job/01/09.md index 9eadedc616..1e5ba959a5 100644 --- a/job/01/09.md +++ b/job/01/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "reason" here implies some form of gain, whether physical goods or happ # God God is referring to himself in third person. See how you translated this in [verse 8](./08.md). Alternate translation: "me" or "me, God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/job/01/10.md b/job/01/10.md index 0847f7806c..c499b59af8 100644 --- a/job/01/10.md +++ b/job/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Just as a barrier such as a wall or a hedge surrounds and protects one's land, G # his livestock have spread throughout the land "he has more and more livestock in the land" - diff --git a/job/01/11.md b/job/01/11.md index fcb2e04525..abfd66d337 100644 --- a/job/01/11.md +++ b/job/01/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "touch" represents the action of harming or destroying. Alternate translati # to your face "in your hearing." This refers to a time when God is paying attention. - diff --git a/job/01/12.md b/job/01/12.md index 946e05c2d4..2aa0a0635b 100644 --- a/job/01/12.md +++ b/job/01/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hand" represents someone's power to control something. Alternate translati # went away from the presence of Yahweh "departed from Yahweh" or "left Yahweh" - diff --git a/job/01/13.md b/job/01/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/01/13.md +++ b/job/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/01/14.md b/job/01/14.md index c20bc5fffe..08facb6d43 100644 --- a/job/01/14.md +++ b/job/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were feeding "were eating." The word "feeding" here is the usual word for a person's animal eating in a pasture. - diff --git a/job/01/15.md b/job/01/15.md index 2378393492..63dacb08e9 100644 --- a/job/01/15.md +++ b/job/01/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "edge" represents the part of swords that kill people, that is, either the # make it known to or "tell" - diff --git a/job/01/16.md b/job/01/16.md index 16c0b4f651..22ef88619b 100644 --- a/job/01/16.md +++ b/job/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to another messenger. Alternate translation: "another messenger also # I alone have escaped to make it known to you See how you translated this in [Job 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/job/01/17.md b/job/01/17.md index d88fa49c79..0e5a836ce3 100644 --- a/job/01/17.md +++ b/job/01/17.md @@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ "quickly attacked" -# they have struck them with the edge of the sword. I alone have escaped to make it known to you +# they have struck them with the edge of the sword. I alone have escaped to make it known to you Here "edge" represents the part of swords that kill people, that is, either the point or the sharp edge. Also, all the swords of the Chaldeans are spoken of as if they were only one sword. See how you translated this in [Job 1:15](../01/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) # they have struck them "the Chaldeans have struck the servants" - diff --git a/job/01/18.md b/job/01/18.md index 9ba290e3dc..f9943fa46b 100644 --- a/job/01/18.md +++ b/job/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your sons and your daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother's house See how you translated this in [Job 1:13](../01/13.md). - diff --git a/job/01/19.md b/job/01/19.md index 8635ab8ace..36d4240a18 100644 --- a/job/01/19.md +++ b/job/01/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # I alone have escaped to make it known to you See how you translated this in [Job 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/job/01/20.md b/job/01/20.md index 587dfb2e87..34783a9b1a 100644 --- a/job/01/20.md +++ b/job/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tore his robe, shaved his head These were ritual mourning actions, symbolizing deep grief. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/01/21.md b/job/01/21.md index 51501f33cb..e1e3c9ddb5 100644 --- a/job/01/21.md +++ b/job/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I was naked when I came out of my mother's womb, and I will be naked when I will return there "At my birth, I brought nothing into the world, and at my death I will return to the earth with nothing" - diff --git a/job/01/22.md b/job/01/22.md index ba582ef36a..2dacd8dcfe 100644 --- a/job/01/22.md +++ b/job/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # accuse God of wrongdoing "say that God had done wrong" - diff --git a/job/01/intro.md b/job/01/intro.md index 8c0b1d4bf0..1dc80a96f2 100644 --- a/job/01/intro.md +++ b/job/01/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ # Job 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter introduces a story about a man named Job who lives during a time long before the author. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Wealth -#### Wealth Job is very rich. During his time, a man's wealth is measured by the number of animals he owns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Feasts +### Feasts + Job is a very godly man and celebrates Yahweh's provision by having feasts. It must be remembered that Job lives prior to the law of Moses, so his religious practices are different than the Hebrew people after Moses. The events of this book occur about the same time as the life of Abraham. Therefore, this book corresponds more with Genesis 12-50 than the rest of the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Job's faith +### Job's faith + Satan believes that Job's faith is based on Yahweh's blessings. He challenges Yahweh to remove these blessings from Job's life because he thinks that Job will no longer trust in Yahweh if this happens. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +24,3 @@ Satan believes that Job's faith is based on Yahweh's blessings. He challenges Ya * __[Job intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/02/01.md b/job/02/01.md index 325cb5cf37..55f86a59cb 100644 --- a/job/02/01.md +++ b/job/02/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Job 1:6](../01/06.md). # present themselves before Yahweh See how you translated this in [Job 1:6](../01/06.md). - diff --git a/job/02/02.md b/job/02/02.md index ca189eaab8..d92f6597cb 100644 --- a/job/02/02.md +++ b/job/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This verse is exactly the same as [Job 1:7](../01/07.md) and can probably be translated in the same way. - diff --git a/job/02/03.md b/job/02/03.md index 286fe1a30c..891044039b 100644 --- a/job/02/03.md +++ b/job/02/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Job 1:1](../01/01.md). # to destroy him Here "destroy" represents "make poor." Alternate translation: "to make him a poor man" - diff --git a/job/02/04.md b/job/02/04.md index 8c32f6e3b5..3b0020c868 100644 --- a/job/02/04.md +++ b/job/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Skin for skin, indeed "Skin" here is a metonym for Job's life. Alternate translation: "A person will do anything to save his own life, even accept the loss of possessions and loved ones" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/02/05.md b/job/02/05.md index dd2301f8a7..d7250e1a05 100644 --- a/job/02/05.md +++ b/job/02/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Job 1:11](../01/11.md). # to your face This refers to a time when God is paying attention. Alternate translation: "in your hearing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/02/06.md b/job/02/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/02/06.md +++ b/job/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/02/07.md b/job/02/07.md index 877a538c22..cfe92c34c5 100644 --- a/job/02/07.md +++ b/job/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Job 1:12](../01/12.md). # painful boils large, itching and painful skin infections - diff --git a/job/02/08.md b/job/02/08.md index 1abb71dab0..bb155605a5 100644 --- a/job/02/08.md +++ b/job/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The scraping scratches the skin to lessen the itch. # sat down in the middle of ashes This probably refers to a place where trash and garbage were dumped and perhaps burned. Sitting in such a place was a sign of deep mourning. Alternate translation: "sat on the trash heap" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/02/09.md b/job/02/09.md index 243394ca77..a430fb81fe 100644 --- a/job/02/09.md +++ b/job/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question represents a statement. Alternate translation: "You sho # Curse God "Reject God" - diff --git a/job/02/10.md b/job/02/10.md index f5fc9bf7c6..33cda5f97c 100644 --- a/job/02/10.md +++ b/job/02/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This represents all the bad things that God makes or allows us to experience. (S # sin with his lips Here "lips" represents the act of speaking. Alternate translation: "sin by speaking against God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/02/11.md b/job/02/11.md index 17c7bf69f9..ec43d52185 100644 --- a/job/02/11.md +++ b/job/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar are men's names. Teman was a city in Edom. Shuhites # to mourn with him and to comfort him Here the words "mourn with" and "comfort" share similar meanings. The friends try to comfort Job by mourning with him. Alternate translation: "to grieve with Job in order to help ease his suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/job/02/12.md b/job/02/12.md index 42316bee6b..f124106c2f 100644 --- a/job/02/12.md +++ b/job/02/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was a sign of mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) # threw dust into the air and upon his own head These were signs of mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/02/13.md b/job/02/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/02/13.md +++ b/job/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/02/intro.md b/job/02/intro.md index 0c46db52e6..5b61318b94 100644 --- a/job/02/intro.md +++ b/job/02/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Job 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter repeats the concepts of the previous chapter, but this time it is more severe. After losing his wealth, Job's health is taken from him. His wife also begins to encourage Job to sin by cursing Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter repeats the concepts of the previous chapter, but this time it is m * __[Job 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/03/01.md b/job/03/01.md index 6c916980bb..92cd9fed04 100644 --- a/job/03/01.md +++ b/job/03/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # opened his mouth This idiom means he began to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/03/02.md b/job/03/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/03/02.md +++ b/job/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/03/03.md b/job/03/03.md index df71351efc..13cad1eca1 100644 --- a/job/03/03.md +++ b/job/03/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the night is spoken of as if it were a person who could speak. The translat # A boy has been conceived This may be put into active form. Alternate translation: "his mother has conceived a male child" - diff --git a/job/03/04.md b/job/03/04.md index 6116bc07bb..6f38717a13 100644 --- a/job/03/04.md +++ b/job/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two clauses describe the darkness of the day of Job's birth, thus repeatin # May that day be dark This is a wish for that day to not exist any longer. Alternate translation: "May that day disappear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/03/05.md b/job/03/05.md index 9a3abce1f8..3bb4146187 100644 --- a/job/03/05.md +++ b/job/03/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to things that block out the sun's light and create darkness. Here " # terrify it "terrify that day." The day is spoken of as if it were a person who could be terrified by the darkness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/03/06.md b/job/03/06.md index 12e976af26..39fbee77b4 100644 --- a/job/03/06.md +++ b/job/03/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "it" refers to the night of Job's birth or conception. The night of Job # may it not come into the number That night is spoken of as if it were a person who could walk. Alternate translation: "may no one count it in the number" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/03/07.md b/job/03/07.md index 99b7e29e92..1c710e74a1 100644 --- a/job/03/07.md +++ b/job/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here that the night of Job's birth is spoken of as if it were a time when it was # joyful voice come Here the voice stands for a person who is happy. Alternate translation: "may no one be happy in it ever again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/03/08.md b/job/03/08.md index 8fd9b9c2e4..ed85c5379e 100644 --- a/job/03/08.md +++ b/job/03/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "it" refers to the day on which Job was born. # those who know how to wake up Leviathan Job is probably referring here to sorcerers and magicians, who he believes might be able to even provoke Leviathan in spreading chaos. Leviathan was an animal well known in Ancient Near Eastern mythology, which was thought to be responsible for all kinds of destruction, disorder, and chaos. - diff --git a/job/03/09.md b/job/03/09.md index cf4687aa01..1c6de4247c 100644 --- a/job/03/09.md +++ b/job/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The day of Job's birth is spoken of as if it were a person looking for something # neither may it see the eyelids of the dawn The dawn is spoken of as if it had eyelids as a person has. Alternate translation: "nor see the first light of the dawn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/03/10.md b/job/03/10.md index cecd728d8f..d0511f6ef3 100644 --- a/job/03/10.md +++ b/job/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The day of Job's birth is spoken of here as if it were a person who could hide s # from my eyes Here "eyes" represents the person who sees with them. Alternate translation: "from me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/03/11.md b/job/03/11.md index 83e4e4b4c6..71055e34c8 100644 --- a/job/03/11.md +++ b/job/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Verses 11 and 12 contain four rhetorical questions, which Job asks in order to s # Why did I not perish when my mother bore me? Job means to say that he should not have been born alive. Alternate translation: "I wish I had perished when I came out of the womb." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/03/12.md b/job/03/12.md index 66ceccb9a1..522b51b26d 100644 --- a/job/03/12.md +++ b/job/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This perhaps refers to the lap of Job's mother. His mother's knees are spoken of # Why did her breasts receive me so that I should suck? Job's mother's breasts are spoken of as if they also were people who could welcome a newborn baby. Alternate translation: "I wish there had been no breasts for me to nurse." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/03/13.md b/job/03/13.md index d80f9ce79f..547079cba4 100644 --- a/job/03/13.md +++ b/job/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # For now I would have been lying down quietly. I would have slept and been at rest Job begins talking about what would have been true if he had died at birth. He is sad that these things are not true. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) @@ -10,4 +9,3 @@ Job begins talking about what would have been true if he had died at birth. He i # been at rest Here the word "rest" means to sleep peacefully in death, but also that Job would not be experiencing the pain that he does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/03/14.md b/job/03/14.md index 2f96482f72..f58ced4698 100644 --- a/job/03/14.md +++ b/job/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with kings and counselors of the earth "with kings and their advisers" - diff --git a/job/03/15.md b/job/03/15.md index fb375a167a..ca603f3f14 100644 --- a/job/03/15.md +++ b/job/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues talking about what would have been true if he had never been born. # I would have been lying down with princes "I would be resting with princes." In this phrase, the words "lying down" and "resting" are a polite way of saying "no longer alive." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/job/03/16.md b/job/03/16.md index a95044aacf..a267331f13 100644 --- a/job/03/16.md +++ b/job/03/16.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # General Information: -Job continues talking about what would have been true if the day of his birth had been barren and cursed as he spoke of in [Job 3:7-8](./7/md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) +Job continues talking about what would have been true if the day of his birth had been barren and cursed as he spoke of in [Job 3:7-8](./07.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) # I would have been stillborn @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job continues talking about what would have been true if the day of his birth ha # infants "babies" - diff --git a/job/03/17.md b/job/03/17.md index 4775c9b13c..b70ad5dc6e 100644 --- a/job/03/17.md +++ b/job/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job changes his talk from dying to life after death. # There the wicked cease from trouble Job is talking about the place where people go after they stop living. Alternate translation: "In that place, evil people stop causing trouble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/03/19.md b/job/03/19.md index 8def9eeca0..8d3ea58f03 100644 --- a/job/03/19.md +++ b/job/03/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a figure of speech which means "all people, both poor people and rich pe # the servant is free from his master A servant is no longer obligated to serve his master. - diff --git a/job/03/20.md b/job/03/20.md index ec0bb9b9ae..2393febc77 100644 --- a/job/03/20.md +++ b/job/03/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here light represents life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # Why is life given to the one who is bitter in soul "why does God give life to a miserable person?" Alternate translation: "I do not understand why God gives life to a person who is very unhappy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/03/21.md b/job/03/21.md index 793f28028f..4f69a980fa 100644 --- a/job/03/21.md +++ b/job/03/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here death is spoken of as if it were an object coming toward someone. Alternate # to one who digs for it more than for hidden treasure A person hoping to die ("death") is spoken of as if he were digging for buried treasure. Alternate translation: "to a person who wants to stop living more than he wants to look for hidden riches" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/03/22.md b/job/03/22.md index 7124bb820a..d27cf1abd6 100644 --- a/job/03/22.md +++ b/job/03/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a polite way of referring to dying. Alternate translation: "when he is d # the grave Here the grave represents death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/03/24.md b/job/03/24.md index 5dcbcb0887..e88a7e0f26 100644 --- a/job/03/24.md +++ b/job/03/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job expresses his anguish in two ways. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paralleli # my groaning is poured out like water Moral qualities and emotions such as grief are often spoken of as if they were water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/03/25.md b/job/03/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/03/25.md +++ b/job/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/03/26.md b/job/03/26.md index 3008e62d5a..ff6716cc1a 100644 --- a/job/03/26.md +++ b/job/03/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am not at ease, I am not quiet, and I have no rest "I do not feel safe, I am not calm, and I cannot rest." Job expresses his terrible anguish in three separate phrases. Alternate translation: "I am very anxious and I cannot rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/03/intro.md b/job/03/intro.md index 1c91ff38e6..a1f583c5fe 100644 --- a/job/03/intro.md +++ b/job/03/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Job 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Job uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these rhetorical questions is to show Job's earnest desire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Job uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these rhet * __[Job 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/04/01.md b/job/04/01.md index 837d279b06..4df7ffe299 100644 --- a/job/04/01.md +++ b/job/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eliphaz is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Temanite A Temanite belongs to the tribe of Teman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/04/02.md b/job/04/02.md index 8ae7bc5a2f..b8fb0be02d 100644 --- a/job/04/02.md +++ b/job/04/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Eliphaz asks this question in order to make a statement. Alternate translation: # But who can stop himself from speaking? Eliphaz asks this question to say that no one who sees a friend suffering can remain silent. Alternate translation: "No one can restrain himself from speaking (to a friend in such a state as you find yourself)" or "I must speak to you, (seeing that you are in a state of grief)." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/04/03.md b/job/04/03.md index af9acc171d..f40761441b 100644 --- a/job/04/03.md +++ b/job/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This verse states a single idea in two different ways. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # you have strengthened weak hands Here "weak hands" represents people who need help. Alternate translation: "you have helped others when they needed help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/04/04.md b/job/04/04.md index 6f50d5b375..2bfc555cbe 100644 --- a/job/04/04.md +++ b/job/04/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here becoming discouraged is spoken of as if it were falling down. (See: [[rc:// # you have made feeble knees strong Here discouragement is spoken of as if it were a person whose weak knees could not keep him upright. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/04/05.md b/job/04/05.md index 8979656a00..efd68e8c55 100644 --- a/job/04/05.md +++ b/job/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here trouble is spoken of as if it were an object that could come to a person. A # you are weary "you are discouraged" - diff --git a/job/04/06.md b/job/04/06.md index 55bc9725d0..941f589381 100644 --- a/job/04/06.md +++ b/job/04/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Eliphaz means Job's fear of God. Alternate translation: "your fear of God" (See: # your ways Here "your ways" represents "your conduct," "how you behave." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/04/07.md b/job/04/07.md index 4e871f0fc9..5b91b9d662 100644 --- a/job/04/07.md +++ b/job/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question also means to make a statement, and may be put into active form. A # cut off Here being cut off represents being destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/04/08.md b/job/04/08.md index 2c2a5c3131..c44909bf6a 100644 --- a/job/04/08.md +++ b/job/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plow iniquity ... sow trouble ... reap Here the actions of plowing and sowing represent causing trouble for other people. The action of reaping represents suffering the trouble that one has himself caused. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/04/09.md b/job/04/09.md index 6decafeadf..23552b67c0 100644 --- a/job/04/09.md +++ b/job/04/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The second phrase builds on the first. They make the same point. "By the puff of # they are consumed Here being consumed or eaten represents being killed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/04/10.md b/job/04/10.md index e06c60c103..3d3660078a 100644 --- a/job/04/10.md +++ b/job/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here a lion's roar, his voice, and his teeth being broken are used as pictures o # they are broken This may be put into active form. Alternate translation: "something breaks them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/04/11.md b/job/04/11.md index e902c10df6..79ceb03546 100644 --- a/job/04/11.md +++ b/job/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eliphaz uses the picture of an old lion dying of hunger and of a lion's family b # the cubs of the lioness are scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "something scatters the cubs of the lioness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/04/12.md b/job/04/12.md index 53a3080386..e0376a3de1 100644 --- a/job/04/12.md +++ b/job/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now a certain matter was secretly brought to me ... my ear received a whisper about it These phrases express the same idea in two different way. They emphasize that Eliphaz heard a message whispered to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/04/13.md b/job/04/13.md index 83bb4dea0f..ed15c92957 100644 --- a/job/04/13.md +++ b/job/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # when deep sleep falls on people "when people sleep very deeply" - diff --git a/job/04/14.md b/job/04/14.md index 03d609ea04..df85fe1dcd 100644 --- a/job/04/14.md +++ b/job/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fear and trembling came upon me Here fear and trembling are spoken of as if they were objects that could come to a person. Alternate translation: "I began to be afraid and to tremble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/04/15.md b/job/04/15.md index b7ee93fd1e..b84a000107 100644 --- a/job/04/15.md +++ b/job/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This indicates great fear. If your language has a word for what people's hair do # the hair of my flesh "the hair on my body." In some languages, the word for the hair that grows on the top of the head is different from the word for hair that grows on other parts of the body. - diff --git a/job/04/16.md b/job/04/16.md index acfe1b7e03..170dd72b24 100644 --- a/job/04/16.md +++ b/job/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ shape # and I heard "then I heard" - diff --git a/job/04/17.md b/job/04/17.md index 7fee50590e..f7b90aa778 100644 --- a/job/04/17.md +++ b/job/04/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question has the same purpose as the previous question. Alternate translati # his Maker "his Creator" - diff --git a/job/04/18.md b/job/04/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/04/18.md +++ b/job/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/04/19.md b/job/04/19.md index 78d82ca31f..3b5c7cc893 100644 --- a/job/04/19.md +++ b/job/04/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a figurative way of describing human beings, who were created out of the # who are crushed sooner than a moth Possible meanings for this metaphor are 1) "who God destroys as easily as he crushes a moth" or 2) "whose lives are as short as the life of a moth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/04/20.md b/job/04/20.md index c47e755e78..4972d14c89 100644 --- a/job/04/20.md +++ b/job/04/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the idea of something happening quickly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # they are destroyed This may also be put into active form. Alternate translation: "they die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/04/21.md b/job/04/21.md index 85c8008c87..a9ca3a3c3b 100644 --- a/job/04/21.md +++ b/job/04/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may be put into active form. Alternate translation: "Have not their enemies # their tent cords Here tent cords represent a tent. Sometimes a person's home and family are pictured as his tent, which can also represent all his possessions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/04/intro.md b/job/04/intro.md index ea4d5b6aa2..e0c53b9955 100644 --- a/job/04/intro.md +++ b/job/04/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # Job 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. In this chapter, Eliphaz speaks to Job. +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to form Eliphaz's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try * __[Job 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/05/01.md b/job/05/01.md index 331576b154..5208940265 100644 --- a/job/05/01.md +++ b/job/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eliphaz poses this question to make the point that there is no one Job can turn # holy ones This refers to supernatural beings of some kind, whether angels or other spirits. - diff --git a/job/05/02.md b/job/05/02.md index 9d0c84b9b8..c02e94a04b 100644 --- a/job/05/02.md +++ b/job/05/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrases "the foolish" and "the silly" are emphatic in the Hebrew. Alternate # the foolish ... the silly These phrases refer to any foolish person and any silly person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/job/05/03.md b/job/05/03.md index 5440409b40..9e69b325ca 100644 --- a/job/05/03.md +++ b/job/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here a person is spoken of as if he were a plant, perhaps becoming more foolish # his home This refers to the person's family and all his property. - diff --git a/job/05/04.md b/job/05/04.md index 6312c380fb..2bd345a819 100644 --- a/job/05/04.md +++ b/job/05/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The city gate, functioning as a court, was the place where disputes were resolve # There is no one to rescue them "There is no one to help the foolish people's children out of their hardship" - diff --git a/job/05/05.md b/job/05/05.md index cd62ccc7f0..4aaba0d8ef 100644 --- a/job/05/05.md +++ b/job/05/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This perhaps refers to parts of a field where the worst crops grow, because of t # The thirsty pant for their wealth Here greedy people are spoken of as if they were thirsty, and the wealth of the foolish person is spoken of as if it were something that they could drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/05/06.md b/job/05/06.md index 320894aa46..3d1dae0ab6 100644 --- a/job/05/06.md +++ b/job/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For difficulties do not come out from the soil; neither does trouble sprout from the ground Here difficulties and trouble are spoken of as if they were plants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/05/07.md b/job/05/07.md index b6c14bb672..e850cee25c 100644 --- a/job/05/07.md +++ b/job/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # mankind is born for trouble, just as sparks fly upward It is as natural for people, once they are born, to have trouble as it is for sparks to fly up from a fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/05/09.md b/job/05/09.md index 392569ba64..33d50e1e25 100644 --- a/job/05/09.md +++ b/job/05/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the writer uses two independent words connected by "and" to emphasize the g # marvelous things "wonderful things" or "wonders" - diff --git a/job/05/10.md b/job/05/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/05/10.md +++ b/job/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/05/11.md b/job/05/11.md index 4ee849e426..0b6cf714d0 100644 --- a/job/05/11.md +++ b/job/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He does this in order to set up on high those who are low Humble people in distress are spoken of as if they were in a low position. When God rescues them, they receive honor. When this happens, they are spoken of as being raised up and put into a high position. Alternate translation: "God does this in order to rescue and honor the humble who have been suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/05/12.md b/job/05/12.md index 5cbc8e7250..1e95ee7138 100644 --- a/job/05/12.md +++ b/job/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He breaks the plans Here stopping crafty people from doing what they have planned to do is spoken of as if those plans were things that he could physically break. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/05/13.md b/job/05/13.md index 2ab1d27025..5ad1c58f62 100644 --- a/job/05/13.md +++ b/job/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here making wise people suffer for their own evil actions is spoken of as if it # twisted people Here being evil in a clever way is spoken of as if it were being twisted. Alternate translation: "those who are cunning" or "those who are devious" or "those who are shrewd" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/05/14.md b/job/05/14.md index 0656ac572d..a1b5509a52 100644 --- a/job/05/14.md +++ b/job/05/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ feel around like a blind person # noonday the middle of the day, when the sun is highest and brightest - diff --git a/job/05/15.md b/job/05/15.md index b7b8d247ff..872f52b9b1 100644 --- a/job/05/15.md +++ b/job/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But he saves the poor person from the sword in their mouths Here the insulting and threatening things that people say are spoken of as if they were a sword in their mouths. Alternate translation: "But he saves the poor person from the threats of the mighty" or "But he saves the poor person when the mighty threaten or insult them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/05/16.md b/job/05/16.md index 7343872436..ec7bd63202 100644 --- a/job/05/16.md +++ b/job/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # injustice shuts her own mouth People who say unjust things are spoken of as if they were the injustice itself, who must stop speaking. Alternate translation: "It is as though injustice shut her own mouth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/05/17.md b/job/05/17.md index 6b7431afe8..6466745cba 100644 --- a/job/05/17.md +++ b/job/05/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God is pictured as a parent correcting or instructing a child. # discipline "instruction" or "correction" - diff --git a/job/05/18.md b/job/05/18.md index 27f96c7254..dc6670281c 100644 --- a/job/05/18.md +++ b/job/05/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If your language has a word for "pain" that is specifically the pain of a bleedi # his hands heal Here "his hands" represents God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/05/19.md b/job/05/19.md index c09118abed..299e5c154c 100644 --- a/job/05/19.md +++ b/job/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will rescue you out of six troubles; indeed, in seven troubles, no evil will touch you The use of increasing numbers such as "six" and "seven" represents the idea of many, many times. Alternate translation: "He will rescue you out of trouble over and over again; indeed, time after time, no evil will touch you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/05/20.md b/job/05/20.md index d98c270885..fc86d0a2e8 100644 --- a/job/05/20.md +++ b/job/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here rescuing is spoken of as if it were ransoming, buying back. Alternate trans # the hands of the sword Here "hands" probably represents the people who attack with weapons, including swords. Alternate translation: "violent people" or "people who attack you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/05/21.md b/job/05/21.md index 292dc18d10..ad39fd762c 100644 --- a/job/05/21.md +++ b/job/05/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # of destruction Here "destruction" refers to the danger of being destroyed by enemies. Alternate translation: "that any enemy will destroy you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/05/22.md b/job/05/22.md index 366a4a6cb1..5ae8124081 100644 --- a/job/05/22.md +++ b/job/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "laugh" represents that the person is not afraid. Alternate translation: "Y # beasts of the earth This refers to wild animals. Alternate translation: "wild animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/05/23.md b/job/05/23.md index d4d76212a8..1a0cff94ff 100644 --- a/job/05/23.md +++ b/job/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the stones in farmers' fields are spoken of as if they were people that som # the beasts of the field This refers to dangerous wild animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/05/24.md b/job/05/24.md index f5ab451c92..6e0009e321 100644 --- a/job/05/24.md +++ b/job/05/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "tent" represents a person's family, household, and all his possessions. Al # you will visit your sheepfold and you will not miss anything "when you visit where your flock stays at night, you will find all your sheep there" - diff --git a/job/05/25.md b/job/05/25.md index c239189ad3..870168279a 100644 --- a/job/05/25.md +++ b/job/05/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "seed" represents a person's descendants. Alternate translation: "your desc # your descendants will be like the grass on the ground Here "descendants" are spoken of as if they were as many as blades of grass, and probably as thriving, too. Alternate translation: "your descendants will be as many and as alive as the grass that grows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/05/26.md b/job/05/26.md index f045b93608..5e79d6dddf 100644 --- a/job/05/26.md +++ b/job/05/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # like a stack of grain bundles that goes up at its time You may need to make explicit that the grain in this simile is fully ripe but not overly ripe. He would neither die young nor become weak in his old age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/05/27.md b/job/05/27.md index 0b74ea8375..706a8065d7 100644 --- a/job/05/27.md +++ b/job/05/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See, we have examined this matter; it is like this; listen to it, and know it for yourself The words "we" refers to Job's friends but not to Job. Alternate translation: "Look, we have thought about this matter. Listen to what I am saying and know that it is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/job/05/intro.md b/job/05/intro.md index 3c531632f7..cee241029b 100644 --- a/job/05/intro.md +++ b/job/05/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. In this chapter, Eliphaz continues speaking to Job. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sickness and sin -#### Sickness and sin In the ancient Near East, it was common to believe that a person's illness was caused by sin. It was seen as the punishment of a god. While Yahweh may punish people because of their sin, not all sicknesses are caused by sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Eliphaz's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try * __[Job 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/06/01.md b/job/06/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/06/01.md +++ b/job/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/06/02.md b/job/06/02.md index 1041cf8d54..9cedb2c3ca 100644 --- a/job/06/02.md +++ b/job/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the balance "on a scale" - diff --git a/job/06/03.md b/job/06/03.md index d74e287ec5..05763efad7 100644 --- a/job/06/03.md +++ b/job/06/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job compares the burden of his suffering to the weight of wet sand; both can cru # my words were reckless "I spoke recklessly" or "I spoke rashly" - diff --git a/job/06/04.md b/job/06/04.md index c7a25296ad..b5b1c37396 100644 --- a/job/06/04.md +++ b/job/06/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job speaks of the terrible things that have happened to him as if they were sold # the terrors of God have arranged themselves in array against me God causing many things to terrify Job is spoken of as if God's terrors were soldiers lined up to attack Job. Alternate translation: "the terrors of God have arranged themselves like soldiers in an army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/06/05.md b/job/06/05.md index eaea32807a..55a082c320 100644 --- a/job/06/05.md +++ b/job/06/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the sound an ox makes # fodder animal food - diff --git a/job/06/06.md b/job/06/06.md index 151733b155..6fc8bfb5d5 100644 --- a/job/06/06.md +++ b/job/06/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job uses these rhetorical questions to emphasize his own displeasure. These ques # Can that which has no taste be eaten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Can you eat that which has no taste" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/06/07.md b/job/06/07.md index 3d7b4ca977..0e25618152 100644 --- a/job/06/07.md +++ b/job/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I refuse to touch them "Them" refers to bad tasting foods. - diff --git a/job/06/08.md b/job/06/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/06/08.md +++ b/job/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/06/09.md b/job/06/09.md index 0d557133c6..be7b5e0c75 100644 --- a/job/06/09.md +++ b/job/06/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means for God to cause him to die. Alternate translation: "to crush me and # that he would set his hand free and cut me off from this life The phrase "he would set his hand free" is an idiom that means that Job wants God to do what God really desires to do. Also, the phrase "cut me off from this life" is a euphemism for killing him. Alternate translation: "that he would do what he really wants to do and cut short my life" or "that he would act quickly and end my life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/job/06/10.md b/job/06/10.md index 92a072b8d5..e6caa66be5 100644 --- a/job/06/10.md +++ b/job/06/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # that I have not denied the words of the Holy One "that I have not disowned God." This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: "that I have always obeyed the Holy One" - diff --git a/job/06/11.md b/job/06/11.md index 514503d43c..6ef4472299 100644 --- a/job/06/11.md +++ b/job/06/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job poses these questions to emphasize that he has no reason to continue living. # continue to hope keep waiting for something good to happen - diff --git a/job/06/12.md b/job/06/12.md index fed037c2bf..3696743431 100644 --- a/job/06/12.md +++ b/job/06/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses parallel rhetorical questions in each of these verses to emphasi # Is my strength the strength of stones? Or is my flesh made of bronze? Job describes the weakness of his body by saying that he is not as strong as rocks and bronze to emphasize his lack of strength. These rhetorical questions may be written as statements. Alternate translation: "I am not as strong as the rocks. My flesh is not as strong as metal." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/06/13.md b/job/06/13.md index 73658d0bd6..69b97f117e 100644 --- a/job/06/13.md +++ b/job/06/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses this rhetorical question to emphasize his lack of wisdom and his weakne # wisdom has been driven out of me "my success has been taken from me." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my wisdom is gone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/06/14.md b/job/06/14.md index 6a09c5fa3c..36a3064d13 100644 --- a/job/06/14.md +++ b/job/06/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of a person who feels hopeless and is overwhelmed by his troubles as # even to him who abandons the fear of the Almighty "even if he stops fearing Almighty God." Possible meanings are 1) the faint person does not fear God or 2) his friend does not fear God. - diff --git a/job/06/15.md b/job/06/15.md index 680177d0b0..727865479a 100644 --- a/job/06/15.md +++ b/job/06/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of his friends being unfaithful to him as being like a "wadi" which i # as channels of water that pass away to nothing "like streams of water that dry up." Job continues speaking of his friends being unfaithful as if they were streams that dry up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/06/16.md b/job/06/16.md index 0db8fecc5e..0058301d46 100644 --- a/job/06/16.md +++ b/job/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have the same meaning. They describe how the streambed is full # because of the snow that hides itself in them This speaks of the snow melting and the water going into the streambed as if the snow were hiding in the streambed. Alternate translation: "because the snow melts and goes into them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/06/17.md b/job/06/17.md index b803d0ec53..5145f53de6 100644 --- a/job/06/17.md +++ b/job/06/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When they thaw out, they vanish ... when it is hot, they melt out of their place These two phrases have the same meaning. They describe how the streambed dries up in the hot season. Alternate translation: "When it is hot, the ice melts and the streambeds dry up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/06/18.md b/job/06/18.md index df335d93bb..36823391c3 100644 --- a/job/06/18.md +++ b/job/06/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job is continuing his description of his friends being as unreliable as streams # The caravans A caravan is a large group of travelers riding camels across the desert. - diff --git a/job/06/19.md b/job/06/19.md index 140219d53e..ac07bb9783 100644 --- a/job/06/19.md +++ b/job/06/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of places. The people of these places used caravans to trade # hoped in them "hoped for them" or "put their hope in them" - diff --git a/job/06/20.md b/job/06/20.md index 3de5d2bbac..bb7cea546e 100644 --- a/job/06/20.md +++ b/job/06/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but they were put to shame This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but they were disappointed" or "but they were not satisfied" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/06/21.md b/job/06/21.md index 066d1b9405..5101261ba5 100644 --- a/job/06/21.md +++ b/job/06/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job uses this phrase to introduce the main part of what he is saying. # are afraid This means that they see the trouble Job has and are afraid of being in the same situation. Alternate translation: "you are afraid that God might do similar things to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/06/22.md b/job/06/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/06/22.md +++ b/job/06/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/06/23.md b/job/06/23.md index 4f6c48c1fc..2b80c607ff 100644 --- a/job/06/23.md +++ b/job/06/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "having my # Ransom me "Rescue me" - diff --git a/job/06/24.md b/job/06/24.md index 47aac7978b..3898898f3e 100644 --- a/job/06/24.md +++ b/job/06/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verbs "teach" and "make" are second person plural and are spoken to his fr # I will hold my peace This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I will be silent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/06/25.md b/job/06/25.md index f78f1ddffa..636c14768a 100644 --- a/job/06/25.md +++ b/job/06/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job is using this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that what they # your arguments "your reasons" or "your claims" - diff --git a/job/06/26.md b/job/06/26.md index 02d17016a9..ccd34718cd 100644 --- a/job/06/26.md +++ b/job/06/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses this rhetorical question to scold his friends. He compares his words to # Do you "You" is in second person plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/job/06/27.md b/job/06/27.md index e610e626a7..66789d08cb 100644 --- a/job/06/27.md +++ b/job/06/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" and "your" are in second person plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # haggle over your friend like merchandise This compares how the man would sell his friend to how a person sells merchandise or wares. Alternate translation: "bargain to sell your friend for money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/06/28.md b/job/06/28.md index ff984897c6..7bd2af5335 100644 --- a/job/06/28.md +++ b/job/06/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The verb "to look" is in second person plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # I would not lie to your face The word "your" refers to Job's friends. Here his friends are represented by their faces to emphasize that they are looking at him. Alternate translation: "I would not lie to you while I am looking at you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/06/29.md b/job/06/29.md index b6ee08a17f..e6f35939e9 100644 --- a/job/06/29.md +++ b/job/06/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "let there always be # Indeed, relent "Please relent." - diff --git a/job/06/30.md b/job/06/30.md index dd1af92126..bfa28d83a6 100644 --- a/job/06/30.md +++ b/job/06/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Job's speech is represented by his "tongue." Alternate translation: "in my # Cannot my mouth detect destructive things? Job uses this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he can tell the difference between right and wrong. Here Job refers to himself by his "mouth" to emphasize his speech. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "I know what is right to say and what is wrong to say." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/06/intro.md b/job/06/intro.md index 55c1fb71a6..3345e3f31f 100644 --- a/job/06/intro.md +++ b/job/06/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Job 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job's response to Eliphaz. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Job's righteousness -#### Job's righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, and desiring his own death, Job does not curse God. He would rather have God end his life than to curse him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He also is upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Eliphaz that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job's response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to * __[Job 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/07/01.md b/job/07/01.md index 19e3759182..974aae5282 100644 --- a/job/07/01.md +++ b/job/07/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job poses this negative question to emphasize his awareness that all people stru # a hired man "a day laborer." This is a man who worked jobs one day at a time and was paid at the end of every day. - diff --git a/job/07/02.md b/job/07/02.md index a398750991..3a661de5b3 100644 --- a/job/07/02.md +++ b/job/07/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job compares his misery and trouble to that of the slave and hired man. (See: [[ # looks for his wages "waits for his pay" - diff --git a/job/07/03.md b/job/07/03.md index ba8185f564..baf30663f8 100644 --- a/job/07/03.md +++ b/job/07/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has given me # trouble-filled nights Possible meanings are 1) "nights in which bad things happen" or 2) "nights in which I greatly worry." - diff --git a/job/07/04.md b/job/07/04.md index 038f07f48a..94f059b2eb 100644 --- a/job/07/04.md +++ b/job/07/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job poses this question to emphasize his intense suffering during the hours he s # tossing to and fro "turning back and forth." This indicates that Job has moved on his bed all night without any rest. - diff --git a/job/07/05.md b/job/07/05.md index f437aa0fcf..cbf61d4a40 100644 --- a/job/07/05.md +++ b/job/07/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) lumps or crusts of dirt or 2) scabs on the skin. # dissolve and run afresh "break out again" - diff --git a/job/07/06.md b/job/07/06.md index e39ddf25ed..a8618b5438 100644 --- a/job/07/06.md +++ b/job/07/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a person who makes cloth by crossing threads or yarn # a weaver's shuttle a moving part that carries thread or yarn back and forth quickly in a loom when making cloth - diff --git a/job/07/07.md b/job/07/07.md index 87e04f88be..b8860702e7 100644 --- a/job/07/07.md +++ b/job/07/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job compares the shortness of his life to the shortness of a breath. Alternate t # my eye will no more see good Here "my eye" represents Job's whole person and his ability to see or experience things. Alternate translation: "I will never again experience good things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/07/08.md b/job/07/08.md index d7ff81d920..c0f05279ac 100644 --- a/job/07/08.md +++ b/job/07/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Many versions of the Bible translate this as "The eye which sees me will see me # The eye of God, who sees me ... God's eyes will be on me Here God is represented by his "eye" to emphasize what he looks at. Alternate translation: "God who watches me ... God will look for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/07/09.md b/job/07/09.md index 2f7c47b5b7..9395315ce6 100644 --- a/job/07/09.md +++ b/job/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "As a cloud fades" # he who goes down to Sheol will come up no more "he who dies will not return" - diff --git a/job/07/10.md b/job/07/10.md index 26d10a1851..e570ca3300 100644 --- a/job/07/10.md +++ b/job/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his place The words "his place" represent those who live in his place. Alternate translation: "the people who live in his place" or "his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/07/11.md b/job/07/11.md index cb5aa67507..05a01b7b50 100644 --- a/job/07/11.md +++ b/job/07/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the mouth represents speech. Alternate translation: "I will not restrain my # in the bitterness of my soul Here sorrow is spoken of as if it tasted bitter, and "soul" refers to the whole man. Alternate translation: "with anger and resentment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/07/12.md b/job/07/12.md index 45b538add3..cd83db746c 100644 --- a/job/07/12.md +++ b/job/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Am I the sea or a sea monster that you place a guard over me? Job poses this question to express his anger at God. In comparing himself to the sea or a sea monster, Job suggests that God regards him as a hideous creature. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I am not the sea or a sea monster that needs a guard to watch it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/07/13.md b/job/07/13.md index 77706229e8..1465d5d96f 100644 --- a/job/07/13.md +++ b/job/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "bed" and "couch" are metonyms for "sleep." In lying down to sleep, Job wou # My bed ... my couch These phrases refer to the same thing. Alternate translation: "My bed ... my bed" - diff --git a/job/07/14.md b/job/07/14.md index 93cada0b3a..fe6eca288a 100644 --- a/job/07/14.md +++ b/job/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you frighten me "you" here refers to God - diff --git a/job/07/15.md b/job/07/15.md index ae66b9ebd9..4fa611b46e 100644 --- a/job/07/15.md +++ b/job/07/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ killing a person by squeezing the throat and stopping the breathing # these bones of mine Here Job uses the word "bones" to refer to his body. Alternate translation: "This body of mine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/07/16.md b/job/07/16.md index 681dd4c9fa..0fb0bb84dd 100644 --- a/job/07/16.md +++ b/job/07/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my days are useless "my days are pointless" or "the days of my life are empty" - diff --git a/job/07/17.md b/job/07/17.md index d8a3e58e09..4feb11416e 100644 --- a/job/07/17.md +++ b/job/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job asks a rhetorical question to say that he does not understand why God should # set your mind on him Here the mind represents thoughts and attention. To "set your mind on" means to give attention to. Alternate translation: "direct your attention to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/07/18.md b/job/07/18.md index 0dc6034529..1e239d8728 100644 --- a/job/07/18.md +++ b/job/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of the rhetorical question that Job begins asking with the words # observe him "carefully examine him" - diff --git a/job/07/19.md b/job/07/19.md index 1eb40b5f81..378826dc12 100644 --- a/job/07/19.md +++ b/job/07/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Job uses paralleism to emphasize his wish that God would stop watching him. # saliva liquid produced in people's mouths that keeps the mouth moist and helps to swallow food - diff --git a/job/07/20.md b/job/07/20.md index 4d88d21bf8..329c300659 100644 --- a/job/07/20.md +++ b/job/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Even if I have sinned ... burden for you? Job poses these questions to argue against God treating him unfairly. Alternate translation: "Even if I have sinned, that would do nothing to you, as you watch over people. Tell me why you have made me your target, so that I am a burden for you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/07/21.md b/job/07/21.md index 7522e949c2..9c4a84a440 100644 --- a/job/07/21.md +++ b/job/07/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "lie down in the dust" is a metonym that represents dying. Alternate # I will not exist "I will not be here" or "I will be gone" - diff --git a/job/07/intro.md b/job/07/intro.md index 157a665243..ee1995ecf1 100644 --- a/job/07/intro.md +++ b/job/07/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Job 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's response to Eliphaz. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Job's righteousness -#### Job's righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, and desiring his own death, Job does not curse God. He would rather have God end his life than to curse him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He also is upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Eliphaz that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job's response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to * __[Job 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/08/01.md b/job/08/01.md index 376a03b4bd..e6cc2694d1 100644 --- a/job/08/01.md +++ b/job/08/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this chapter, Bildad begins to speak about Job's complaints. # Then Bildad the Shuhite answered "Bildad" is the name of a man who is a member of the tribe of Shuah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/08/02.md b/job/08/02.md index f1336ca1ee..761ba36ed2 100644 --- a/job/08/02.md +++ b/job/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How long will the words of your mouth be a mighty wind? Bildad speaks of Job's words as if they are as empty and insubstantial as the wind. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "The words of your mouth are as insignificant as a mighty wind." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/08/03.md b/job/08/03.md index c56af7e2f2..4f329fa1e3 100644 --- a/job/08/03.md +++ b/job/08/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "God" and "the Almighty" both refer to Yahweh. These questions can be trans # pervert justice? ... pervert righteousness? "approve of and do what is not just? ... approve of and do what is not righteous?" - diff --git a/job/08/04.md b/job/08/04.md index bf3686ffc3..7313349cfd 100644 --- a/job/08/04.md +++ b/job/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for he gave them into the hand of their sins Here "hand" represents the power or results of sin. Bildad implies that God killed Job's children because of their sin. Alternate translation: "for God caused the consequences of your children's sins to kill them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/08/05.md b/job/08/05.md index 34605f9e88..60793b5160 100644 --- a/job/08/05.md +++ b/job/08/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases both refer to Job asking God for help or pleading with God for # diligently sought God "earnestly asked God for help" - diff --git a/job/08/06.md b/job/08/06.md index 2048a4442a..adf8fb4d3f 100644 --- a/job/08/06.md +++ b/job/08/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh is spoken of as if he would wake up to help Job. Alternate translati # restore you to your rightful place This refers to giving back to Job the things he lost, including his family, wealth, and honor. - diff --git a/job/08/07.md b/job/08/07.md index a6124c143f..e91876fc5d 100644 --- a/job/08/07.md +++ b/job/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Even though your beginning was small, still your final condition would be much greater Here lack of wealth is spoken of as being a "small beginning." Alternate translation: "Even if you were poor early in your life, God would make you very wealthy later in your life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/08/08.md b/job/08/08.md index ae3f20cd1d..931364ebeb 100644 --- a/job/08/08.md +++ b/job/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # give your attention to what our ancestors learned "study carefully what our ancestors discovered" or "consider the things our forefathers learned" - diff --git a/job/08/09.md b/job/08/09.md index f84d7400ba..e579d6516c 100644 --- a/job/08/09.md +++ b/job/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our days on earth are a shadow The shortness of life is spoken of as if it were a shadow which quickly disappears. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/08/10.md b/job/08/10.md index 39a9077226..8d032cc1c0 100644 --- a/job/08/10.md +++ b/job/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bildad uses these rhetorical questions to rebuke Job for not agreeing with Bilda # from their hearts Here the word "hearts" represents their inner beliefs. Alternate translation: "that they sincerely believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/08/11.md b/job/08/11.md index 0bd7ff9803..c2c122eb16 100644 --- a/job/08/11.md +++ b/job/08/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bildad uses these two parallel questions to emphasize the single point that peop # papyrus a tall reed-like plant that grows in shallow water - diff --git a/job/08/12.md b/job/08/12.md index 490e70e6b9..b7e198aca6 100644 --- a/job/08/12.md +++ b/job/08/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that they wither when there is no water. This can be stated explic # wither "dry up" - diff --git a/job/08/13.md b/job/08/13.md index 44ba3f57bc..f1db017948 100644 --- a/job/08/13.md +++ b/job/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the paths" represents a person's future and the events that will happen to # the hope of the godless will perish "the things the godless person desires will not happen" - diff --git a/job/08/14.md b/job/08/14.md index ee7c016d31..d0b0d2186e 100644 --- a/job/08/14.md +++ b/job/08/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the godless person is t # his trust is as weak as a spider's web Here Bildad compares the trust of the godless person to a spider's web; the slightest force will break both. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/08/15.md b/job/08/15.md index d1623f6155..2bdaf95222 100644 --- a/job/08/15.md +++ b/job/08/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This negative statement emphasizes the opposite. It can be stated in positive fo # it does not stand This negative statement emphasizes the opposite. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "it will fall down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/job/08/16.md b/job/08/16.md index 9f48f18e69..4d01802278 100644 --- a/job/08/16.md +++ b/job/08/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Bildad compares the godless person to a plant that is healthy. (See: [[rc:/ # Under the sun he is green The meaning of the Hebrew text is unclear. Possible meanings are 1) he is healthy during the day or 2) he is watered before the sun rises. - diff --git a/job/08/17.md b/job/08/17.md index 01c2623d83..eee69600f4 100644 --- a/job/08/17.md +++ b/job/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this verse the pronoun "his" refers to the godless person, who represents god # His roots are wrapped about the heaps of stone ... they look for good places among the rocks These two phrases have similar meaning, but the meaning is unclear. Possible meanings are 1) he appears to be well-rooted in the rocks, taking advantage of every opening or 2) his roots cannot find fertile ground and must try to find nutrients among the rocks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/08/18.md b/job/08/18.md index 4ce36abccf..fcd0e1f137 100644 --- a/job/08/18.md +++ b/job/08/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if someone pulls him # that place will deny him and say, 'I never saw you.' The garden is spoken of as if it had human ability to speak. The garden immediately forgets that he existed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/08/19.md b/job/08/19.md index f66b9d71f6..0db47c64eb 100644 --- a/job/08/19.md +++ b/job/08/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Bildad continues the metaphor from [Job 8:16-18](./16.md). Other godless people # in his place "in the place of the godless man" - diff --git a/job/08/20.md b/job/08/20.md index 74d510f8b1..f2725d3cae 100644 --- a/job/08/20.md +++ b/job/08/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "God will accept an # neither will he take the hand of evildoers Here "take the hand" refers to help or support. Alternate translation: "God will not support people who do evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/08/21.md b/job/08/21.md index 0c7b3b43ff..1fa137b4cc 100644 --- a/job/08/21.md +++ b/job/08/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God causing Job to laugh is spoken of as if God had poured laughter into Job's m # your lips with shouting The words "he will yet fill" are understood from the previous clause. God causing him to shout for joy is spoken of as if God had poured joy into Job's mouth. Alternate translation: "he will yet fill your lips with shouting" "God will cause you to shout for joy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/08/22.md b/job/08/22.md index a4b99b975b..7df3b53a37 100644 --- a/job/08/22.md +++ b/job/08/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "tent" refers to the homes of the wicked. Alternate translation: "the house # will be no more "will not last" or "will be destroyed" - diff --git a/job/08/intro.md b/job/08/intro.md index e5aa76f8f1..b51ad13504 100644 --- a/job/08/intro.md +++ b/job/08/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # Job 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. In this chapter, Bildad speaks to Job. +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Bildad uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Bildad's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Bildad uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try * __[Job 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/09/01.md b/job/09/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/09/01.md +++ b/job/09/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/09/02.md b/job/09/02.md index 7c45f098de..8035af8a7e 100644 --- a/job/09/02.md +++ b/job/09/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "this" refers to what Bildad said. # how can a person be in the right with God? "how can anyone be innocent before God?" - diff --git a/job/09/03.md b/job/09/03.md index fc817cfc66..f5ee9eb6a2 100644 --- a/job/09/03.md +++ b/job/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ dispute # a thousand times "1,000 times" - diff --git a/job/09/04.md b/job/09/04.md index 5fdb34ec5b..fbfdad67ec 100644 --- a/job/09/04.md +++ b/job/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "strength" can be expressed as the adjective "strong." Alterna # hardened himself against him To harden oneself means to be stubborn. Alternate translation: "resisted him" or "defied him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/job/09/05.md b/job/09/05.md index 05065c46ee..1b39ad6981 100644 --- a/job/09/05.md +++ b/job/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he who removes the mountains "God removes the mountains" - diff --git a/job/09/06.md b/job/09/06.md index ed954d7349..89e06dd57c 100644 --- a/job/09/06.md +++ b/job/09/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he who shakes the earth "God shakes the earth" - diff --git a/job/09/07.md b/job/09/07.md index de77fa3ed9..b14658eecc 100644 --- a/job/09/07.md +++ b/job/09/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who covers up the stars "who blocks the stars from view" - diff --git a/job/09/08.md b/job/09/08.md index 1012890bfa..3fc3bfd917 100644 --- a/job/09/08.md +++ b/job/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God is spoken of as creating the heavens without any help, as if the heavens wer # tramples down the waves of the sea God is spoken of as calming the sea as if with his feet. Alternate translation: "puts his feet down on the waves of the sea" or "calms the waves of the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/09/09.md b/job/09/09.md index a11ee1d61b..ee90f3fbc8 100644 --- a/job/09/09.md +++ b/job/09/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ several bright stars that look like they are close together in the sky # constellations groups of stars that seem like they form a particular shape in the sky - diff --git a/job/09/10.md b/job/09/10.md index 2bb00b2039..5e6a8e5e2f 100644 --- a/job/09/10.md +++ b/job/09/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # unsearchable things "things that cannot be understood" - diff --git a/job/09/11.md b/job/09/11.md index ede1d9e6ed..a556cf4313 100644 --- a/job/09/11.md +++ b/job/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he passes on "he passes by" or "he moves on" - diff --git a/job/09/12.md b/job/09/12.md index 59aa0d9c88..b5dcf9e583 100644 --- a/job/09/12.md +++ b/job/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are rhetorical questions that expect an answer of "No one." They can be re # If he takes something away "If he takes someone away" or "If he wants to snatch something away" - diff --git a/job/09/13.md b/job/09/13.md index bf81808524..c70dbb4542 100644 --- a/job/09/13.md +++ b/job/09/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "bow beneath him" symbolizes submission or defeat. Alternate translation: " # Rahab The word "Rahab" here refers to a monster of the sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/09/14.md b/job/09/14.md index 0a86e9da55..137360c3da 100644 --- a/job/09/14.md +++ b/job/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How much less could I answer him, could I choose words to reason with him? Job poses two similar questions to emphasize his reluctance to confront God. They can be reworded as a statement. Alternate translation: "So I certainly could not answer him or choose words to reason with him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/09/15.md b/job/09/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/09/15.md +++ b/job/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/09/16.md b/job/09/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/09/16.md +++ b/job/09/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/09/17.md b/job/09/17.md index 0c4d833050..a1321928aa 100644 --- a/job/09/17.md +++ b/job/09/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a powerful or violent storm # without cause "even though I have not given him cause to do so" or "even though I am innocent" - diff --git a/job/09/18.md b/job/09/18.md index bf33e4d241..a4cb1f2c9d 100644 --- a/job/09/18.md +++ b/job/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means "to be able to breathe again" or (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # he fills me with bitterness This verse pictures God as filling up Job's life with things that make him bitter. The abstract noun "bitterness" can be expressed as the adjective "bitter." Alternate translation: "he fills me up with bitter things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/09/19.md b/job/09/19.md index 5f0711ded6..f68fc12904 100644 --- a/job/09/19.md +++ b/job/09/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # who can summon him? This question expects an answer of "No one" to make the point that no one is able to bring God to court. This can be reworded as a statement. Alternate translation: "no one can summon him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/09/20.md b/job/09/20.md index f6126bc30f..47bc152166 100644 --- a/job/09/20.md +++ b/job/09/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "my words" are spoken of as if they could take action. Alternate translatio # guilty The word here has the meaning of "twisted" or "crooked." - diff --git a/job/09/21.md b/job/09/21.md index f5b53744eb..a671f46d01 100644 --- a/job/09/21.md +++ b/job/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # about myself "what happens to me" - diff --git a/job/09/22.md b/job/09/22.md index d6c04ef610..08bc3ccd30 100644 --- a/job/09/22.md +++ b/job/09/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he destroys blameless people and wicked people together Here "blameless" and "wicked" are two extremes for a merism that include everything in between. Alternate translation: "he brings everyone to an end, whether they are blameless or wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/job/09/23.md b/job/09/23.md index 926c586e74..c85848ea65 100644 --- a/job/09/23.md +++ b/job/09/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "despair" is an abstract noun that can be translated by the verb "despa # innocent This is a nominalized adjective. Alternate translation: "innocent people". (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/job/09/24.md b/job/09/24.md index 22d15070ae..7bf8206ee4 100644 --- a/job/09/24.md +++ b/job/09/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This idiom means God keeps the judges of the earth from being able to judge the # If it is not he who does it, then who is it? "If it is not God who does these things, then who does them?" - diff --git a/job/09/25.md b/job/09/25.md index bc26f02eaa..469c958856 100644 --- a/job/09/25.md +++ b/job/09/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This pictures the days of Job's life as being able to see like a person. (See: [ # no good "no good thing" - diff --git a/job/09/26.md b/job/09/26.md index 9bae31b865..77ad545367 100644 --- a/job/09/26.md +++ b/job/09/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to a large bird diving toward i # swoops down "rushes down" - diff --git a/job/09/27.md b/job/09/27.md index 722ba65815..a611a98ee0 100644 --- a/job/09/27.md +++ b/job/09/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be stated clearly whom Job was complaining against. Alternate translation # I would take off my sad face and be happy Job's sad face is spoken of here as if it was something that could be removed. Alternate translation: "I would stop looking unhappy and smile" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/09/28.md b/job/09/28.md index 5b7a920227..395020ee5a 100644 --- a/job/09/28.md +++ b/job/09/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verses 28 and 29 express the consequences if Job does what he says in verse 27. # of all my sorrows The abstract noun "sorrows" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "of everything that hurts me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/09/29.md b/job/09/29.md index 570883418b..aa9cef9524 100644 --- a/job/09/29.md +++ b/job/09/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # why, then, should I try in vain? Job uses this question to emphasize that he does not think it is of any use trying to get God's attention. The implied information about what Job is trying can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "It is of no use to try to get God's attention." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/09/30.md b/job/09/30.md index 657ae0c5c3..e63ec48214 100644 --- a/job/09/30.md +++ b/job/09/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ white flakes of frozen water that fall from clouds in places where the air tempe # made my hands ever so clean "made my hands exceedingly clean." Some other versions of the Bible translate this with the meaning of "cleaned my hands with very strong soap." - diff --git a/job/09/31.md b/job/09/31.md index 3f76b84e52..5d97842d1e 100644 --- a/job/09/31.md +++ b/job/09/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my own clothes would be disgusted with me Job's clothing is spoken of as if it would have a negative response to Job after God plunged him into a ditch. Alternate translation: "I would be too filthy for my own clothing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/09/32.md b/job/09/32.md index 0755553b21..e16628c481 100644 --- a/job/09/32.md +++ b/job/09/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job implies that God has charged him of doing wrong, and he wants to respond to # come together in court "come together to trial." Here "court" is a place where people can come and a judge will settle disputes. "Coming together in court" is a metonym for going against each other in a court of law. Alternate translation: "confront each other before a judge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/09/33.md b/job/09/33.md index b786558c31..cdc0c289e5 100644 --- a/job/09/33.md +++ b/job/09/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means there is no judge who is greater than God who could decide what is ri # lay his hand upon us both Here "lay his hand upon" means having power or authority over. Alternate translation: "take hold of both of us" or "have authority over both of us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/09/34.md b/job/09/34.md index 6a58f57bf5..a15228ff19 100644 --- a/job/09/34.md +++ b/job/09/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "God's rod" is a metonym for God punishing or correcting Job. Alternate tra # keep his terror from frightening me The abstract noun "terror" can be translated as the verb "terrify." Alternate translation: "keep him from terrifying and frightening me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/09/35.md b/job/09/35.md index 05382bd082..d47e158022 100644 --- a/job/09/35.md +++ b/job/09/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # as things are now "because this is how things are now" - diff --git a/job/09/intro.md b/job/09/intro.md index 3aee71e494..717f378a18 100644 --- a/job/09/intro.md +++ b/job/09/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Job 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job's response to Bildad. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Job's righteousness and Yahweh's power -#### Job's righteousness and Yahweh's power Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Job does not think that he can make a claim against Yahweh because only God is perfectly wise and just. Yahweh is truly powerful and Job understands this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express himself or to describe Yahweh's power. He is also upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Bildad that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job's response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to * __[Job 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/10/01.md b/job/10/01.md index 6bcd594ff9..3d3c06661b 100644 --- a/job/10/01.md +++ b/job/10/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract nouns "expression" and "complaint" can be translated as the verbs " # I will speak in the bitterness of my soul How Job feels is compared to a bitter taste. The abstract noun "bitterness" can be translated as the adverb "bitterly." Alternate translation: "My inner being will speak bitterly" or "I will bitterly speak out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/10/02.md b/job/10/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/10/02.md +++ b/job/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/10/03.md b/job/10/03.md index 7e8c261f95..fee25e1749 100644 --- a/job/10/03.md +++ b/job/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Is it good to you that you should oppress me, to despise the labor of your hands while you smile on the plans of the wicked? +# Is it good to you that you should oppress me, to despise the labor of your hands while you smile on the plans of the wicked? This question expects a "no" answer and can be changed into a statement. Alternate translation: "It is not good that you should oppress me, that you should despise the labor of your hands, while you smile on the plans of the wicked." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here God is represented by his "hands." Alternate translation: "what you have cr # smile on the plans of the wicked Here the idiom "smiling on" represents God's approval. Alternate translation: "approve the plans of the wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/10/04.md b/job/10/04.md index 2c17a40c48..7b12e71177 100644 --- a/job/10/04.md +++ b/job/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you have eyes of flesh? Do you see like a man sees? These two questions have nearly the same meaning. These questions expect a negative answer to emphasize that God does not see or understand things the same way a man does. They can be expressed as statements. Alternate translation: "You do not have eyes of flesh, and you do not see like a man sees." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/10/05.md b/job/10/05.md index f263496114..1d0c9f431c 100644 --- a/job/10/05.md +++ b/job/10/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases have nearly the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # your years "the number of your years" - diff --git a/job/10/06.md b/job/10/06.md index 26d5b20d29..473628bedf 100644 --- a/job/10/06.md +++ b/job/10/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues the rhetorical question he began in verse 5. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # inquire after my iniquity "look to see if I have committed iniquity" - diff --git a/job/10/07.md b/job/10/07.md index f2d2242b2b..00fd691099 100644 --- a/job/10/07.md +++ b/job/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words "Are your # from your hand Here "your hand" represents God's power. Alternate translation: "from your power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/10/08.md b/job/10/08.md index 73a8f9af77..4c28d09328 100644 --- a/job/10/08.md +++ b/job/10/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job is using a metaphor of a potter forming clay to describe how God carefully c # framed and fashioned me "shaped and formed me." The words "framed" and "fashioned" are similar in meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/job/10/09.md b/job/10/09.md index 8c7d85c6c3..2711ae3cef 100644 --- a/job/10/09.md +++ b/job/10/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bring me into dust again "turn me back into dust again" - diff --git a/job/10/10.md b/job/10/10.md index 953a48640c..ef0854be18 100644 --- a/job/10/10.md +++ b/job/10/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "you" refers to God. # me Here "me" refers to Job. - diff --git a/job/10/11.md b/job/10/11.md index a6b511a1ec..fff4001313 100644 --- a/job/10/11.md +++ b/job/10/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God putting skin and flesh on Job's body is spoken of as if God was putting clot # sinews the parts of the body that connect muscles to bones or other body parts and are like tough, white bands or cords - diff --git a/job/10/12.md b/job/10/12.md index e2f28355c6..54dbfd541e 100644 --- a/job/10/12.md +++ b/job/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "life" and "faithfulness" can be stated as "live" and "faithf # guarded my spirit Here Job is represented by his "spirit." Alternate translation: "guarded me" or "watched carefully over me" or "kept me safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/10/13.md b/job/10/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/10/13.md +++ b/job/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/10/14.md b/job/10/14.md index 7043be7948..5723ffe4df 100644 --- a/job/10/14.md +++ b/job/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you would notice it "you would watch me" - diff --git a/job/10/15.md b/job/10/15.md index 7946b19674..8e011d3813 100644 --- a/job/10/15.md +++ b/job/10/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ shame # see my affliction The abstract noun "affliction" can be translated using the verb "afflict." Alternate translation: "see how God is afflicting me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/10/16.md b/job/10/16.md index de251529f9..1ced1d5699 100644 --- a/job/10/16.md +++ b/job/10/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings of this simile are 1) God hunts Job like a lion hunts its prey # again you would show yourself with marvellous acts of power against me This phrase expresses irony in how God displays his marvelous power by acting to harm Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/job/10/17.md b/job/10/17.md index 2303a17ae1..6180ef367d 100644 --- a/job/10/17.md +++ b/job/10/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "anger" can be translated as the adjective "angry." Alternate # you attack me with fresh armies God sending troubles against Job is spoken of as if God was constantly sending new armies against him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/10/18.md b/job/10/18.md index d38cb7872a..c853f69bcf 100644 --- a/job/10/18.md +++ b/job/10/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here being brought out of the womb represents being born into this world. Altern # and that no eye had ever seen me Job uses "eye" here to refer to the whole person. He wishes he could have died at birth, before anyone saw him. Alternate translation: "before any person had ever seen me" or "before I was born" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/10/19.md b/job/10/19.md index 71233a27cb..63503382df 100644 --- a/job/10/19.md +++ b/job/10/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I would have been carried "My body would have been carried" - diff --git a/job/10/20.md b/job/10/20.md index 05d625ef37..0d467a8fd2 100644 --- a/job/10/20.md +++ b/job/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Are not my days only a few? Here "my days" represent the length of Job's life. This question expects a positive answer, to emphasize that Job only expects to live a few more days. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I only have a few days left to live." or "My life will soon end." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/10/21.md b/job/10/21.md index 78e34fe044..afc8fd0780 100644 --- a/job/10/21.md +++ b/job/10/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "shadow of death" intensifies the idea of "darkness." Both phrases de # the shadow of death See how you translated this in [Job 3:5](../03/05.md). - diff --git a/job/10/22.md b/job/10/22.md index 7ba385b6fe..e85ca20911 100644 --- a/job/10/22.md +++ b/job/10/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This negative phrase can be expressed in positive form. Alternate translation: " # where the light is like darkness "where there is darkness even where there should be light" or "where there is no light at all" - diff --git a/job/10/intro.md b/job/10/intro.md index 52d5f6d46a..7963f0a7bd 100644 --- a/job/10/intro.md +++ b/job/10/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's response to Bildad. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Job's righteousness -#### Job's righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse Yahweh. Instead, he defends himself to Yahweh, while trusting in his decision. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to defend himself. He does not believe that he committed a sin deserving severe punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to * __[Job 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/11/01.md b/job/11/01.md index 04e133a83c..aacb000677 100644 --- a/job/11/01.md +++ b/job/11/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zophar the Naamathite See how you translated this man's name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "Zophar from the region of Naamah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/11/02.md b/job/11/02.md index 6c71a028be..f00bf214dc 100644 --- a/job/11/02.md +++ b/job/11/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zophar is asking a question in the negative to emphasize that Job's words must b # Should this man, so full of talk, be acquitted? Zophar uses this question to emphasize that they should not believe what Job was saying simply because Job talks much. Alternate translation: "This man is full of much talk, but we should not believe him!" or "Job, your many words alone do not show that you are innocent!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/11/03.md b/job/11/03.md index 3a11862a2c..66a9d973b9 100644 --- a/job/11/03.md +++ b/job/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zophar uses this question to rebuke Job. Alternate translation: "Just because yo # When you mock, will no one make you feel ashamed? Zophar uses this question to rebuke Job. You may need to make explicit what it is that Job is mocking. Alternate translation: "You have mocked us for what we have said. Now we will make you feel ashamed!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/11/04.md b/job/11/04.md index 6358ed05e6..c8e5e0c1ee 100644 --- a/job/11/04.md +++ b/job/11/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I am clean in your eyes The word "clean" here is a metaphor for innocence, and the "eyes" here are a metonym for the thinking or judgment of the person whose eyes they are. Alternate translation: "You should know that I am innocent" or "You should consider me innocent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/11/05.md b/job/11/05.md index 4dc705c97e..510712f144 100644 --- a/job/11/05.md +++ b/job/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that God would speak ... open his lips against you The words "open his lips" are a metonym that means speak. These two phrases mean the same thing and are used together to emphasize Zophar's desire that God would speak harshly against Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/11/06.md b/job/11/06.md index d41713b3bc..07378e964f 100644 --- a/job/11/06.md +++ b/job/11/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "wisdom" here is probably a metonym for a wise person, and the "two sid # God demands from you less than your iniquity deserves Demanding from Job represents punishing Job. Alternate translation: "God is punishing you less than you deserve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/11/07.md b/job/11/07.md index 3c866c34f4..14e2365876 100644 --- a/job/11/07.md +++ b/job/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Can you understand God by searching for him? Can you comprehend the Almighty perfectly? These two rhetorical questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "You cannot understand God by searching for him, and you will never completely understand the Almighty!" (See: and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/11/08.md b/job/11/08.md index cb2ddb7e1c..0f81e0ea46 100644 --- a/job/11/08.md +++ b/job/11/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Zophar uses this question to show that a person cannot do anything to understand # what can you know? Zophar uses this question to show that a person cannot do anything to know God fully. Alternate translation: "you cannot know God fully." or "you cannot know all there is to know." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/11/09.md b/job/11/09.md index cd9eed94b5..9cb21d045c 100644 --- a/job/11/09.md +++ b/job/11/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) God's greatness or 2) the greatness # is longer than the earth ... wider than the sea God's greatness or wisdom is spoken of as if it could be measured in distance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/11/10.md b/job/11/10.md index c1bd5d4fcc..b7e6e7a926 100644 --- a/job/11/10.md +++ b/job/11/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "assembly" can be translated with the verb "assemble." You may # who can stop him? This question emphasizes that no one can stop God. Alternate translation: "no one can stop him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/11/11.md b/job/11/11.md index 6ad2a01f0e..41ec4c3e0b 100644 --- a/job/11/11.md +++ b/job/11/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # does he not notice it? This emphasizes that God does notice sin. Alternate translation: "he surely notices it!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/11/12.md b/job/11/12.md index 4c617692f8..b80b387269 100644 --- a/job/11/12.md +++ b/job/11/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Since a wild donkey can never give birth to a man, this means that foolish peopl # But foolish people will gain understanding The abstract noun "understanding" can be expressed with the verb "understand." Alternate translation: "But foolish people will be able to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/11/13.md b/job/11/13.md index 20fb82c9ac..3c817f0bf2 100644 --- a/job/11/13.md +++ b/job/11/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The heart represents thoughts and attitudes. Setting it right represents correct # and reach out with your hands toward God This is a symbolic action representing asking God for help. Zophar asks Job to consider what will happen if he sets his heart right. Alternate translation: "and make an appeal and pray to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/11/14.md b/job/11/14.md index f430ed967b..3f79dab25f 100644 --- a/job/11/14.md +++ b/job/11/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Putting sin behind represents stopping sinning. Alternate translation: "but that # and do not let unrighteousness live in your tents Unrighteousness living represents people doing unrighteous things. Alternate translation: "and that you do not allow the members of your household to do unrighteous things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/11/15.md b/job/11/15.md index 4d8c7bd691..2438bacd33 100644 --- a/job/11/15.md +++ b/job/11/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 15-19 Zophar tells Job the things that will happen if Job does what Zo # lift up your face without a sign of shame "Lifting up your face" represents the attitude of a person who is confident and brave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/11/16.md b/job/11/16.md index 09989d224d..ad016271fe 100644 --- a/job/11/16.md +++ b/job/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will remember it only like waters that have flowed away Zophar is comparing misery with water that flows downstream and it is gone. Alternate translation: "You will remember your misery, but it will be gone, like waters that have flowed away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/11/17.md b/job/11/17.md index 9a8daed9a9..ad25545829 100644 --- a/job/11/17.md +++ b/job/11/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Darkness represents troubles and sadness. Alternate translation: "Though there m # it will become like the morning The morning represents light, which represents prosperity and happiness. Alternate translation: "it would be prosperous and happy like the morning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/11/18.md b/job/11/18.md index 81777e9b6f..78b00ec6b3 100644 --- a/job/11/18.md +++ b/job/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zophar repeats the idea to emphasize how safe Job will be. Job will experience t # will take your rest in safety "Take your rest" here is an idiom for "rest." The phrase "in safety" can be expressed with the word "safely." Alternate translation: "will rest safely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/11/19.md b/job/11/19.md index 5e31ce28ed..1dea2b90bb 100644 --- a/job/11/19.md +++ b/job/11/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "rest" can be expressed with the verb "rest." Alternate transl # many will seek your favor This means that people will respect Job and will hope that he will treat them well. - diff --git a/job/11/20.md b/job/11/20.md index 7a834b67eb..271a7d015e 100644 --- a/job/11/20.md +++ b/job/11/20.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ Their eyes represent their understanding. Alternate translation: "the understand # they will have no refuge -"there will be no place to which they can escape" \ No newline at end of file +"there will be no place to which they can escape" diff --git a/job/11/intro.md b/job/11/intro.md index 14ec4a47e8..599d62087d 100644 --- a/job/11/intro.md +++ b/job/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Job 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. In this chapter, Zophar speaks to Job. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions Zophar uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Zophar's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Zophar uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try * __[Job 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/12/01.md b/job/12/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/12/01.md +++ b/job/12/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/12/02.md b/job/12/02.md index fc1cffc074..37fedf4351 100644 --- a/job/12/02.md +++ b/job/12/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is plural in verses 2 and 3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # you are the people "you are the important people who know everything" - diff --git a/job/12/03.md b/job/12/03.md index f7dcfc86c9..0caa365071 100644 --- a/job/12/03.md +++ b/job/12/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Indeed, who does not know such things as these? Job used this question to express a truth that should be obvious to his listeners. It can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "Certainly there is no one who does not know such things as these." or "Certainly everyone knows these things." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/12/04.md b/job/12/04.md index a393be5470..a7d88da56d 100644 --- a/job/12/04.md +++ b/job/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The relationship between these phrases can be made clear with the words "even th # I, a just and blameless man—I am now something to laugh at The relationship between these phrases can be made clear with the words "even though." Alternate translation: "Even though I am a just and blameless man, people now laugh at me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-connectingwords]]) - diff --git a/job/12/05.md b/job/12/05.md index 25ccee381c..65f28022cb 100644 --- a/job/12/05.md +++ b/job/12/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bringing misfortune represents causing it to happen. Alternate translation: "cau # to those whose foot is slipping The foot slipping represents being in danger or trouble. Alternate translation: "to those who are already in trouble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/12/06.md b/job/12/06.md index 40f69643b9..509d57af3a 100644 --- a/job/12/06.md +++ b/job/12/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Their tents prospering represents the robbers prospering in their tents. Alterna # their own hands are their gods Here "their own hands" is a metonym for strength, and "their gods" is a metaphor for their pride. Alternate translation: "they are extremely proud of their own abilities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/12/07.md b/job/12/07.md index a23eb0090e..c2f6c2f26b 100644 --- a/job/12/07.md +++ b/job/12/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The command in the first part of the sentence can be translated as a condition w # ask the birds of the heavens, and they will tell you The command in the first part of the sentence can be translated as a condition. Alternate translation: if you ask the birds of the heavens, they will tell you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative]] ) - diff --git a/job/12/08.md b/job/12/08.md index e07d2ee693..cdb39dd3a9 100644 --- a/job/12/08.md +++ b/job/12/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The command in the first part of the sentence can be translated as a condition. # the fish of the sea will declare to you The command "Ask the fish of the sea" is understood from the previous sentences. It can be translated as a condition. Alternate translation: "and if you ask the fish of the sea, they will declare to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative]]) - diff --git a/job/12/09.md b/job/12/09.md index 2f129180d1..839856fe5a 100644 --- a/job/12/09.md +++ b/job/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question emphasizes the point that all the animals know that Yahweh has don # the hand of Yahweh has done this Yahweh's hand represents his power. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has done this by his power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/12/10.md b/job/12/10.md index 102d6c7403..b6d0dbdf37 100644 --- a/job/12/10.md +++ b/job/12/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's hand represents his control or power. Alternate translation: "God contr # the breath of all mankind Here "breath" represents life or the ability to live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/12/11.md b/job/12/11.md index d90bf3a8ce..90c958d2d2 100644 --- a/job/12/11.md +++ b/job/12/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Does not the ear test words just as the palate tastes its food? Job uses this question to emphasize that people listen to what others say and judge whether it is good or not. The ear and palate are metonyms for hearing and tasting. Alternate translation: "We hear what people say and test it just as we taste food and test it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/12/12.md b/job/12/12.md index 32e8307768..575844613e 100644 --- a/job/12/12.md +++ b/job/12/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in length of days is understanding This represents people gaining understanding when they live a long time. The abstract noun "understanding" can be expressed with the phrase "understand much." Alternate translation: "people gain understanding when they live a long time" or "people who live a long time understand much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/12/13.md b/job/12/13.md index 3e28090ead..e307d5ef73 100644 --- a/job/12/13.md +++ b/job/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verse 13 says that God is wise and mighty. The rest of this chapter shows that t # With God are wisdom and might The abstract nouns "wisdom" and "might" can be expressed with the adjectives "wise" and "mighty." Alternate translation: "God is wise and mighty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/12/14.md b/job/12/14.md index d41fcd4f3d..cdf1128dda 100644 --- a/job/12/14.md +++ b/job/12/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one can rebuild th # if he imprisons someone, there can be no release The abstract noun "release" can be expressed with the verb "free." Alternate translation: "if God shuts someone in, no one can free him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/12/15.md b/job/12/15.md index 5cc3b84f02..627b71bbce 100644 --- a/job/12/15.md +++ b/job/12/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that withholding waters represents 1) preventing the rain # if he sends them out, they overwhelm the land Possible meanings are that sending them out is a metaphor meaning 1) causing the rain to fall. Alternate translation: "if he causes a lot of rain to fall, it floods the land" or 2) causing the waters to flow. Alternate translation: "if he makes a lot of water flow, it floods the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/12/16.md b/job/12/16.md index a628fbee43..30e4e86696 100644 --- a/job/12/16.md +++ b/job/12/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "strength" and "wisdom" can be expressed with the words "stro # people who are deceived and the deceiver are both in his power Being in God's power represents God ruling over them. Alternate translation: "people who believe a lie and people who lie to others are both in his power" or "God rules over both people who believe lies and people who lie to others" - diff --git a/job/12/17.md b/job/12/17.md index a7248412cb..1d0c734b59 100644 --- a/job/12/17.md +++ b/job/12/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "sorrow" can be expressed with the words "sad" or "grieve" Alt # he turns judges into fools "he makes judges become foolish" - diff --git a/job/12/18.md b/job/12/18.md index 3f328bd622..8b69f3b17e 100644 --- a/job/12/18.md +++ b/job/12/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) this is a metonym for causing kings to no longer h # he wraps a cloth about their waists This cloth is probably what a slave wears. To put these cloths on kings represents making the kings slaves. Alternate translation: "he makes kings wear the clothing of slaves" or "he makes them slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/12/19.md b/job/12/19.md index 13155e9eb8..7279a12cba 100644 --- a/job/12/19.md +++ b/job/12/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "sorrow" can be expressed with the words "sad" or "grieve" Alt # overthrows mighty people "defeats powerful people" - diff --git a/job/12/20.md b/job/12/20.md index 27748c31e3..7d50023f89 100644 --- a/job/12/20.md +++ b/job/12/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Taking away their understanding represents making them unable to understand or m # the elders Possible meanings are 1) the older people or 2) the leaders. - diff --git a/job/12/22.md b/job/12/22.md index f57a6d3184..903b0d47ce 100644 --- a/job/12/22.md +++ b/job/12/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Revealing things represents making them known. "Deep things from darkness" repre # brings utter darkness into the light Bringing things out into the light is a metaphor for making them known. Alternate translation: "makes known things that no one can see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/12/23.md b/job/12/23.md index 6fbb110889..3e60415a13 100644 --- a/job/12/23.md +++ b/job/12/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he also leads them along as prisoners God leading nations represents God causing enemy nations to lead them. The word "them" represents nations, which here represents the people of those nations. Alternate translation: "he also causes their enemies to lead them along as prisoners" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/12/24.md b/job/12/24.md index 4274c4e1d5..8382a4d019 100644 --- a/job/12/24.md +++ b/job/12/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Taking away their understanding represents causing them to be unable to understa # to wander in a wilderness where there is no path Wandering in a wilderness where there is no path represents being in a difficult situation and not knowing what to do. Alternate translation: "to be unsure of what to do like a person wandering in a wasteland with no path" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/12/25.md b/job/12/25.md index 43f05f6321..dc01ad2035 100644 --- a/job/12/25.md +++ b/job/12/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being in the dark without light represents lacking knowledge. Alternate translat # he makes them stagger like a drunk man Staggering or wandering like a drunk man represents living without purpose. Alternate translation: "he makes them live without purpose like a drunk person who staggers as he walks" or "they wander aimlessly like a drunk person who staggers back and forth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/12/intro.md b/job/12/intro.md index 6ebef9ad6b..449fcba22a 100644 --- a/job/12/intro.md +++ b/job/12/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Job 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job's response to Zophar. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Job's righteousness -#### Job's righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. His friends, on the other hand, judge Job's case, which Job recognizes to be Yahweh's authority. These three friends therefore try to take God's place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He is also upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions + Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Zophar that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job's response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to * __[Job 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/13/01.md b/job/13/01.md index fd846e2dc5..e424bcac73 100644 --- a/job/13/01.md +++ b/job/13/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job referred to himself as his eye since it is with his eyes that he saw these t # my ear has heard and understood it Job referred to himself as his ear since it is with his ears that he heard these things. Alternate translation: "I have heard and understood it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/13/02.md b/job/13/02.md index 19d8ed7805..d0d3d387cc 100644 --- a/job/13/02.md +++ b/job/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What you know, the same I also know "What you know, I also know" or "I know as much as you" - diff --git a/job/13/03.md b/job/13/03.md index f728ae99bc..1f35bad5e6 100644 --- a/job/13/03.md +++ b/job/13/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues to speak to his friends. # I wish to reason with God Job's friends are judging him, but they not speaking the truth. Job would rather argue with God alone about his complaint. - diff --git a/job/13/04.md b/job/13/04.md index 580147d0cf..9031341c79 100644 --- a/job/13/04.md +++ b/job/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Putting whitewash or plaster on the truth represents ignoring the truth. Alterna # you are all worthless healers The word "healers" is a metaphor for people who comfort others. Healers who are "worthless" call themselves healers but do not actually heal people. Alternate translation: "you are all like physicians who do not know how to heal people" or "you all come to comfort me, but you do not know how, like unskilled physicians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/13/05.md b/job/13/05.md index 6d8f67684d..6e19ec681b 100644 --- a/job/13/05.md +++ b/job/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This expression means "be quiet" or "stop talking." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # That would be your wisdom They thought that they were saying wise things, but Job was saying that they would be wiser if they would stop talking. The abstract noun "wisdom" can be expressed with the word "wise." Alternate translation: "If you were to do that, you would be wise" or "If you were to stop talking, you would appear wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/13/06.md b/job/13/06.md index 7c87c345ea..56cf08558f 100644 --- a/job/13/06.md +++ b/job/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues to speak to his friends. # listen to the pleading of my own lips Here "lips" represent the person who is speaking. Alternate translation: "listen to what I myself plead for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/13/07.md b/job/13/07.md index 940a37107c..4905fde548 100644 --- a/job/13/07.md +++ b/job/13/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "unrighteousness" can be translated using the adjective "unrig # talk deceitfully "lie" or "tell lies" - diff --git a/job/13/08.md b/job/13/08.md index 987ad9509d..c140239748 100644 --- a/job/13/08.md +++ b/job/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Will you show him partiality? Will you argue the case for God? Showing kindness to God represents helping God or defending God against Job's complaints. Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends for thinking that they can defend God. Alternate translation: "You think that God need you to defend him? You think that you can argue for God like attorneys in court." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/job/13/09.md b/job/13/09.md index 80add3b296..4ceaaf14c9 100644 --- a/job/13/09.md +++ b/job/13/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job uses this question to warn his friends that if God were to examine them, he # Could you deceive him as you might deceive men? Job uses this question to warn his friends that God knows the truth about them. Alternate translation: "You might be able to deceive men, but you cannot deceive God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/13/10.md b/job/13/10.md index 8ee88452ba..25d077fa96 100644 --- a/job/13/10.md +++ b/job/13/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if in secret you showed partiality "if you secretly show favor to another." Showing partiality refers to saying only good things about someone so that the judge will say that the person is good. Doing this in secret means pretending to speak fairly, but really favoring one person over another. - diff --git a/job/13/11.md b/job/13/11.md index a6a3c3f1e7..f871a21b62 100644 --- a/job/13/11.md +++ b/job/13/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends. Possible meanings are 1) Job is # and the dread of him fall upon you Dread falling on people represents them becoming terribly afraid. Alternate translation: "and you not be terribly afraid" or "and you not be terrified" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/13/12.md b/job/13/12.md index 797f90262e..62cb2b2123 100644 --- a/job/13/12.md +++ b/job/13/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job speaks of what they say as if it were a wall made of clay around a city; it # your defenses Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) what they say to defend themselves or 2) what they say to defend God. - diff --git a/job/13/13.md b/job/13/13.md index e012585fd5..60c992cc36 100644 --- a/job/13/13.md +++ b/job/13/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that means "stop bothering me" or "stop hindering me" (See: [[r # let come what may on me Things coming on a person represents things happening to a person. This expression starting with "let" means that he does not care what might happen to him. Alternate translation: "let whatever may happen to me happen" or "I do not care what may happen to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/13/14.md b/job/13/14.md index 7975b32ef6..cf82ece8e9 100644 --- a/job/13/14.md +++ b/job/13/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will take my own flesh ... in my hands "Flesh" here is a metonym for life. "Teeth" and "hands" are metonyms for his own control. These two phrases together emphasize that Job is willing to risk his life by arguing his case with God. Alternate translation: "I am ready to risk my life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/13/15.md b/job/13/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/13/15.md +++ b/job/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/13/16.md b/job/13/16.md index 94e0d79c87..8b1d379e06 100644 --- a/job/13/16.md +++ b/job/13/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job finishes speaking to his friends and begins to address God directly. # This will be the reason for my deliverance The abstract noun "deliverance" can be expressed with the verb "deliver." Alternate translation: "This is the reason that God will deliver me" or "This is why God will save me from my troubles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/13/17.md b/job/13/17.md index 37d26d2e2a..a579ef604b 100644 --- a/job/13/17.md +++ b/job/13/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two lines mean basically the same thing and intensify Job's request for Go # let my declaration come to your ears The abstract noun "declaration" can be expressed with the verb "declare." The ears represent listening. Alternate translation: "listen to my declaration" or "listen to what I declare" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/13/18.md b/job/13/18.md index 26f3f48143..fb850ed7f9 100644 --- a/job/13/18.md +++ b/job/13/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hea # I have set my defense in order Setting his defense in order represents deciding what he will say to defend himself. Alternate translation: "I have thought through how I will defend myself" or "I have decided how I will explain myself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/13/19.md b/job/13/19.md index 82e722708c..5f20fd3bd3 100644 --- a/job/13/19.md +++ b/job/13/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if you were to prove # die If your language has a word for dying that refers to breathing for the last time, you may want to use it here. - diff --git a/job/13/20.md b/job/13/20.md index 3703b2a3a2..a10947d4ce 100644 --- a/job/13/20.md +++ b/job/13/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking to God. # from your face "Face" represents the person. Alternate translation: "from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/13/21.md b/job/13/21.md index bc81e71983..133f9eaee4 100644 --- a/job/13/21.md +++ b/job/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An oppressive hand is a metonym for doing things that oppress someone. Withdrawi # do not let your terrors make me afraid The phrase "your terrors" refers to what causes people to be terrified of God. Alternate translation: "do not terrify me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/13/22.md b/job/13/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/13/22.md +++ b/job/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/13/23.md b/job/13/23.md index 27afea5d23..06f7f1f4fa 100644 --- a/job/13/23.md +++ b/job/13/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking to God. - diff --git a/job/13/24.md b/job/13/24.md index ad0de75eca..64ee870cf9 100644 --- a/job/13/24.md +++ b/job/13/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job asks this question to complain about how God is treating him. He probably ho # you hide your face from me Hiding one's face from someone represents refusing to look at him or ignoring him. Alternate translation: "you refuse to look at me" or "you ignore me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/13/25.md b/job/13/25.md index a78834b890..5b0bda031e 100644 --- a/job/13/25.md +++ b/job/13/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job uses this question to tell God that since Job is so insignificant and weak, # pursue You may need to make explicit that the purpose of pursuing Job is to persecute him. Alternate translation: "persecute" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/13/26.md b/job/13/26.md index 67fdd53917..cfec0c0528 100644 --- a/job/13/26.md +++ b/job/13/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Inheriting the iniquities of his youth is a metaphor. Possible meanings are it r # the iniquities of my youth The abstract noun "youth" can be translated with the word "young." Alternate translation: "the sins I committed when I was young" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/13/27.md b/job/13/27.md index 7be44a8640..f1c53aaf0a 100644 --- a/job/13/27.md +++ b/job/13/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The soles of his feet represent the person who walks. Alternate translation: "yo # you examine the ground where the soles of my feet have walked Examining this ground represents examining all that Job has done. Alternate translation: "it is as though you examine the ground where I have walked" or "you examine everything I do like a person examining someone's footprints on the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/13/28.md b/job/13/28.md index 17e5d147bc..a8051a9a6a 100644 --- a/job/13/28.md +++ b/job/13/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job compares his life to something that is decaying. He is slowly dying. (See: [ # like a garment that moths have eaten Job compares himself to clothes that are full of holes because the moths have eaten parts of it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/13/intro.md b/job/13/intro.md index bedb68d780..95802729a9 100644 --- a/job/13/intro.md +++ b/job/13/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's response to Zophar. It also contains Job's claim of righteousness to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Job's righteousness -#### Job's righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. His friends, on the other hand, judge Job's case, which Job recognizes to be Yahweh's authority. These three friends therefore try to take God's place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Zophar that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job's response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to * __[Job 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/14/01.md b/job/14/01.md index 756e6281d7..ce110406dc 100644 --- a/job/14/01.md +++ b/job/14/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an exaggeration to emphasize that people live only a short time. Alterna # is full of trouble Being "full of trouble" represents experiencing much trouble. Alternate translation: "has many troubles" or "suffers much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/14/02.md b/job/14/02.md index 3bc6860ea1..afcf5d42cb 100644 --- a/job/14/02.md +++ b/job/14/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Like the life of a flower, a person's life is short and is easily killed. (See: # he flees like a shadow and does not last A person's short life is compared to a shadow that disappears quickly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/14/03.md b/job/14/03.md index 3b533515a8..b5bbc50848 100644 --- a/job/14/03.md +++ b/job/14/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here looking at some one represents paying attention to him in order to judge hi # Do you bring me into judgment with you? Job uses this question to show his surprise that God judges him even though Job is so insignificant like the flowers. Alternate translation: "But you judge me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/14/04.md b/job/14/04.md index f7ec8875f8..ae379f31af 100644 --- a/job/14/04.md +++ b/job/14/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking to God. # Who can bring something clean out of something unclean? No one Job uses this question to persuade God to apply what he knows about unclean things to Job. Alternate translation: "No one can bring something clean out of something unclean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/14/05.md b/job/14/05.md index ed13bf3eba..b67d4e13fc 100644 --- a/job/14/05.md +++ b/job/14/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The number of man's months being with God represents God deciding the number of # you have appointed his limits that he cannot pass Passing a limit represents living past a time that God has set for a person to die. Alternate translation: "you have appointed the time that he will die, and he cannot live longer than that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/14/06.md b/job/14/06.md index 1a2df999d1..6082b1068d 100644 --- a/job/14/06.md +++ b/job/14/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hired man a man who is hired to do a job and goes home afterwards - diff --git a/job/14/07.md b/job/14/07.md index 1e98390cea..e3e1578588 100644 --- a/job/14/07.md +++ b/job/14/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "hope" can be expressed with the verb "hope." The hope is expl # so that its tender stalk does not disappear Disappearing represents dying. Alternate translation: "so that its young shoot will not die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/14/08.md b/job/14/08.md index cf87910785..5683413a66 100644 --- a/job/14/08.md +++ b/job/14/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # stump the part of the tree that remains sticking out of the ground after someone has cut down most of the tree - diff --git a/job/14/09.md b/job/14/09.md index e1271b184b..f15c3a54cc 100644 --- a/job/14/09.md +++ b/job/14/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This describes the dead stump as if it could smell water to represent water bein # send out branches like a plant The tree sending out branches represents branches growing on the tree. Alternate translation: "branches will start growing on it like a plant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/14/10.md b/job/14/10.md index 9af1f19d77..a369d6c089 100644 --- a/job/14/10.md +++ b/job/14/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then where is he? Job uses this question to emphasize that when a person dies, he is not present. Alternate translation: "no one knows where he is." or "he is gone." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/14/11.md b/job/14/11.md index 76cbf8e344..8400eee14d 100644 --- a/job/14/11.md +++ b/job/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Water that has dried up from a lake or a river cannot return, and once a person # becomes dry and dries up The phrases "becomes dry" and "dries up" mean translate words that mean the same thing. If translating both phrases would be awkward in your language, you can leave one of them untranslated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/job/14/12.md b/job/14/12.md index bab06c45d9..8ac9107867 100644 --- a/job/14/12.md +++ b/job/14/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Lying down represents dying. Alternate translation: "so people die" (See: [[rc:/ # do not rise again Rising again represents living again. Alternate translation: "do not live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/14/13.md b/job/14/13.md index cdcdd38c86..d0e71fadd6 100644 --- a/job/14/13.md +++ b/job/14/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an exclamation showing what Job wants very much but does not really expe # call me to mind Call someone to mind is an idiom meaning to think about him. Alternate translation: "think about me" or "remember me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/14/14.md b/job/14/14.md index ed1d45af2d..4cee77f9bd 100644 --- a/job/14/14.md +++ b/job/14/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ any male person # until my release should come The abstract noun "release" can be expressed with the verb "release." Alternate translation: "until I should be released" or "until you release me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/14/15.md b/job/14/15.md index c62990b06d..180c82b816 100644 --- a/job/14/15.md +++ b/job/14/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The noun "desire" can be expressed with the verbs "desire" or "want." Alternate # for the work of your hands Here God's hands represent him making things. Job refers to himself as the work of God's hands. Alternate translation: "for me, whom you have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/job/14/16.md b/job/14/16.md index 35d2683648..b2ac6963aa 100644 --- a/job/14/16.md +++ b/job/14/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Footsteps represent his life or what he does. Alternate translation: "my life" o # you would not keep track of my sin Keeping track of Job's sin represents thinking about his sin. Alternate translation: "you would not look at my sin" or "you would not think about my sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/14/17.md b/job/14/17.md index 8e05ca4b35..cc7865b969 100644 --- a/job/14/17.md +++ b/job/14/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Sealing transgression in a bag represents hiding it and refusing to think about # you would cover up my iniquity Covering up someone's iniquity so that it cannot be seen represents refusing to think about it. Alternate translation: "you would hide my iniquity" or "you would ignore my iniquity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/14/18.md b/job/14/18.md index b2ca009b67..e2074defc0 100644 --- a/job/14/18.md +++ b/job/14/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job continues speaking to God. # rocks are moved out of their place This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "rocks tumble down from their place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/14/19.md b/job/14/19.md index d9a54848d5..0d86937624 100644 --- a/job/14/19.md +++ b/job/14/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Destroying hope represents causing the things people hope for not to happen. Alt # the hope of man The abstract noun "hopes" can be expressed with the verb "hope." Alternate translation: "the things that man hopes for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/14/20.md b/job/14/20.md index 1fd6971ea2..d06461b196 100644 --- a/job/14/20.md +++ b/job/14/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the pain just before dying makes his face contract or 2 # send him away to die This represents causing him to die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/14/21.md b/job/14/21.md index bf1ea5a15e..1821574045 100644 --- a/job/14/21.md +++ b/job/14/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if they are brought low Being brought low represents being shamed. Alternate translation: "if they are disgraced" or "if people shame them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/14/22.md b/job/14/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/14/22.md +++ b/job/14/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/14/intro.md b/job/14/intro.md index 216e11c5ff..11bae1d03a 100644 --- a/job/14/intro.md +++ b/job/14/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's claim of righteousness being presented to Yahweh. It also has an abrupt shift in tone. Rather than being hopeful, Job laments. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Resurrection -#### Resurrection The events of Job occurred long before the Old Testament was written. Therefore, he likely had very little direct revelation about Yahweh. The resurrection of the dead was apparently not well-known during Job's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in his appeal to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in his appeal to Ya * __[Job 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/15/01.md b/job/15/01.md index 4e4a1c3403..1bdbdf3730 100644 --- a/job/15/01.md +++ b/job/15/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliphaz the Temanite This is the name of a man. People from Teman are known as Temanites. See how you translated this in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/15/02.md b/job/15/02.md index e67973b3e1..826915d951 100644 --- a/job/15/02.md +++ b/job/15/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The wind represents emptiness. This phrase speaks of a person speaking empty and # the east wind "hot air" or "the desert wind" - diff --git a/job/15/03.md b/job/15/03.md index c0b8369067..4fa4687f11 100644 --- a/job/15/03.md +++ b/job/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should he reason with unprofitable talk or with speeches with which he can do no good? Eliphaz uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Job. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "He should not reason with unprofitable talk nor with speeches with which he can do no good." or "He should not argue using unprofitable talk or make speeches that accomplish nothing good." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/15/04.md b/job/15/04.md index d15c059802..f4b82a18bc 100644 --- a/job/15/04.md +++ b/job/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ make smaller # you obstruct meditation before him Possible meanings are 1) "you make it difficult for others to meditate in God's presence" or 2) "you are no longer devoting yourself to God." - diff --git a/job/15/05.md b/job/15/05.md index 0a4dd0c4ea..ce8c0e20b9 100644 --- a/job/15/05.md +++ b/job/15/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the way crafty people speak as their "tongue." Alternate translat # the crafty This nominal adjective refers to people who harm others by lying to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/job/15/06.md b/job/15/06.md index ec33a8edc7..e49fb75da6 100644 --- a/job/15/06.md +++ b/job/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Job and Eliphaz by their "mouths" to place emphasis on what they # your own lips testify This speaks of Job, but refers to his "lips" to place emphasis on what he says. Alternate translation: "your own words" or "you testify" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/15/07.md b/job/15/07.md index ed49079a12..9ffe750f39 100644 --- a/job/15/07.md +++ b/job/15/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The implicit answer here is "no." This rhetorical question can be written as a s # Were you brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Did God bring you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/15/08.md b/job/15/08.md index e9de52325e..ba201b8033 100644 --- a/job/15/08.md +++ b/job/15/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implicit answer here is "no." This rhetorical question can be written as a s # Do you limit wisdom to yourself? This rhetorical question emphasizes that he cannot limit wisdom to himself. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You cannot limit wisdom to yourself." or "You are not the only wise person." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/15/09.md b/job/15/09.md index 79486630de..29e96ff669 100644 --- a/job/15/09.md +++ b/job/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implicit answer here is "nothing." This question can be written as a stateme # What do you understand that is not also in us? This speaks of the men having understanding as if it were something "inside" them. Alternate translation: "Everything you understand, we also understand." or "We understand everything that you understand." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/15/10.md b/job/15/10.md index 6415cd6598..ff672a3f2a 100644 --- a/job/15/10.md +++ b/job/15/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # With us are both the gray-headed and the very aged men Eliphaz speaks of him and the other men having learned wisdom from older men and wisdom that had been passed down from men of previous generations as if these older men were physically present with them. Alternate translation: "We acquired wisdom from old gray-haired people, from people who were born before your father was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/15/11.md b/job/15/11.md index 3c65b73df7..01a058c5f0 100644 --- a/job/15/11.md +++ b/job/15/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is an accusation, with the implicit answer to the quest # consolations "comforts" or "sympathies" - diff --git a/job/15/12.md b/job/15/12.md index f8a6c058be..65e852ebea 100644 --- a/job/15/12.md +++ b/job/15/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "heart" represents a person's emotions. Alternate translation: "Why do # Why do your eyes flash This probably refers to Job appearing angry, specifically the appearance of his eyes. Alternate translation: "Why do your eyes look angry" or "Why are you angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/15/13.md b/job/15/13.md index c8a6a75f7e..61231587fb 100644 --- a/job/15/13.md +++ b/job/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "spirit" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "turn yours # bring out such words from your mouth This describes him speaking. Alternate translation: "so you say harsh things against him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/15/14.md b/job/15/14.md index 36ea680bf6..51bfc8547a 100644 --- a/job/15/14.md +++ b/job/15/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person # What is he who is born of a woman that he should be righteous? This rhetorical question is asked to emphasize that a man cannot be completely "righteous." This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "A man who is born from a woman cannot be completely righteous." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/15/15.md b/job/15/15.md index 546bf8cfaf..9cfa15b444 100644 --- a/job/15/15.md +++ b/job/15/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Something that God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if it were p # in his sight Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "in his judgment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/15/16.md b/job/15/16.md index 1c75e7ab64..da03a35417 100644 --- a/job/15/16.md +++ b/job/15/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If your language has a word for a person whom others reject as unclean in a ritu # who drinks iniquity like water This describes iniquity as if it were water you can drink. It compares how the evil man desires to commit sin to how readily he desires to drink cool water. Alternate translation: "who love iniquity as much as they love a cup of fresh water" or "who commit evil deeds as often as they drink water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/15/17.md b/job/15/17.md index 7b6a1f02b9..c5184b4a5e 100644 --- a/job/15/17.md +++ b/job/15/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I will explain to you" or "I will make # I will announce "I will declare" - diff --git a/job/15/18.md b/job/15/18.md index 9d2d356b82..dab94fa136 100644 --- a/job/15/18.md +++ b/job/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their ancestors did not hide Eliphaz emphasizes that their ancestors purposefully taught them these things. Alternate translation: "their ancestors taught openly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/job/15/19.md b/job/15/19.md index 7d373b6e07..cacba4df1a 100644 --- a/job/15/19.md +++ b/job/15/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to whom alone God gav # among whom no stranger ever passed This means that no foreigner lived among them, specifically so that they would not be influenced by pagan religions. Alternate translation: "no one from another country came and caused them to think wrongly about God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/15/20.md b/job/15/20.md index d7290c79e6..89f6f5f925 100644 --- a/job/15/20.md +++ b/job/15/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all the years that Go # that are laid up This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "that are prepared" or "that are set aside" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/15/21.md b/job/15/21.md index 2dd3bcf3b9..c07f381ba6 100644 --- a/job/15/21.md +++ b/job/15/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A sound of terrors is in his ears "He constantly hears sounds that terrify him" - diff --git a/job/15/22.md b/job/15/22.md index f2e66d94a0..1d18c949b7 100644 --- a/job/15/22.md +++ b/job/15/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "darkness" is a metaphor for trouble or misfortune. Alternate translation: # he has been marked out for the sword Here "the sword" is a metonym that represents an enemy who is waiting to kill the evil man. Possible meanings are 1) he is worried that someone will murder him. Alternate translation: "he worries that someone is about to murder him" or 2) it is certain that he is someone will murder him. Alternate translation: "someone is waiting to murder him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/15/23.md b/job/15/23.md index 591f414d6c..e2fcbd7243 100644 --- a/job/15/23.md +++ b/job/15/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "the day of disaster" or "the moment of # is at hand This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "is coming soon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/15/24.md b/job/15/24.md index f042859b91..24301433c4 100644 --- a/job/15/24.md +++ b/job/15/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "distress" and "anguish" mean basically the same thing and emphasize t # as a king ready for battle This compares how his distress and anguish overpower him to how a king, who is ready for battle, would prevail against him. Alternate translation: "just like a king, who is ready for a battle, would prevail against him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/15/25.md b/job/15/25.md index 5aa9ca0b30..cab59b7770 100644 --- a/job/15/25.md +++ b/job/15/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he has reached out with his hand against God "he has shook his fist against God." This is a sign of aggression. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/15/26.md b/job/15/26.md index 71ff5fbab6..5ca1009227 100644 --- a/job/15/26.md +++ b/job/15/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of the wicked man acting aggressively against God as if he were runn # with a thick shield "with his strong shield" - diff --git a/job/15/27.md b/job/15/27.md index b9bca2b675..f497d9e016 100644 --- a/job/15/27.md +++ b/job/15/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he has covered his face with his fat and gathered fat on his loins This wicked man is described as fat and weak, while believing himself to be strong enough to defeat God. Alternate translation: "he is weak with a fat face and fat loins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/job/15/28.md b/job/15/28.md index 02784e21e7..9cd4e30e93 100644 --- a/job/15/28.md +++ b/job/15/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # heaps piles of useless things - diff --git a/job/15/29.md b/job/15/29.md index be9b63c9a3..d4100f8617 100644 --- a/job/15/29.md +++ b/job/15/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will not be rich; his wealth will not last These two litotes express that he will be the opposite of rich, that he will be poor. Alternate translation: "he will be poor; all his money will disappear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/job/15/30.md b/job/15/30.md index 2ccc503dfa..ae7c0a1a7e 100644 --- a/job/15/30.md +++ b/job/15/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here God's "breath" represents his judgement. Alternate translation: "God's brea # he will go away This refers to him dying. Alternate translation: "he will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/job/15/31.md b/job/15/31.md index 39454f15fe..5999028fa8 100644 --- a/job/15/31.md +++ b/job/15/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for uselessness will be his reward This is implied that this is what will happen if he trusts in useless things. Alternate translation: "for if he trusts in them, uselessness will be his reward" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/job/15/32.md b/job/15/32.md index 15b12c84da..eab04759c4 100644 --- a/job/15/32.md +++ b/job/15/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his palm branch will not be green This speaks of the man looking pale and dead as if he were a dried out stalk or palm tree branch. Alternate translation: "he will look dead, just like the branch of a dead palm tree does not look green" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/15/33.md b/job/15/33.md index 2d6e93073a..5f826e6d60 100644 --- a/job/15/33.md +++ b/job/15/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the wicked man growing weak and dying as if he were a grapevine d # he will cast off his flowers like the olive tree This speaks of the wicked man growing weak and dying as if he were were an olive tree dropping its flowers. Alternate translation: "just like an olive tree loses its flowers, so the wicked man will lose his strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/15/34.md b/job/15/34.md index 7a7b222a69..59b2c7230f 100644 --- a/job/15/34.md +++ b/job/15/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fire will consume their tents of bribery The phrase "tents of bribery" means that the wicked people bought these tents with the money they made by bribery. Alternate translation: "the tents they bought with their bribes will be burned by fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/job/15/35.md b/job/15/35.md index 87e51a5b9f..79d4532f56 100644 --- a/job/15/35.md +++ b/job/15/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The same thought is repeated three times to emphasize how much evil these people # their womb conceives Here the "womb" is used to refer to the person to emphasize conception, as it is in the womb that conception takes place. Alternate translation: "they conceive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/15/intro.md b/job/15/intro.md index 4a502df721..a1f6b54e56 100644 --- a/job/15/intro.md +++ b/job/15/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Job 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. In this chapter, Eliphaz speaks to Job again. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Eliphaz's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try * __[Job 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/16/01.md b/job/16/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/16/01.md +++ b/job/16/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/16/02.md b/job/16/02.md index 18e1f89212..5db75fed18 100644 --- a/job/16/02.md +++ b/job/16/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are all troublesome comforters "instead of comforting me, you all cause me only trouble" - diff --git a/job/16/03.md b/job/16/03.md index 7145baec52..ff8558601d 100644 --- a/job/16/03.md +++ b/job/16/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses this rhetorical question to express that he wishes that they would stop # What is wrong with you that you answer like this? Job uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Eliphaz. Here the word "you" is singular and refers to Eliphaz, who just finished speaking to Job. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Eliphaz, you should stop answering me like this!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/16/04.md b/job/16/04.md index ec29c7418a..d5451849c5 100644 --- a/job/16/04.md +++ b/job/16/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an action that shows disapproval. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-s # in mockery The word "mockery" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "to mock you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/16/05.md b/job/16/05.md index 671908cc6a..d5be17d870 100644 --- a/job/16/05.md +++ b/job/16/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a metonym for the words or message that he speaks. Alternate translation # will bring you relief This speaks of grief as if it were a heavy physical burden. Alternate translation: "will lessen your grief" or "will help you feel less grief" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/16/06.md b/job/16/06.md index e83c8ff8ac..37514817a3 100644 --- a/job/16/06.md +++ b/job/16/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job has experienced great loss of family and health that is unexplained and ther # how am I helped? Job uses this rhetorical question to express that keeping quiet does not lessen his grief. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "it does not help me at all." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/16/07.md b/job/16/07.md index c01277df5f..ebb6c71ab8 100644 --- a/job/16/07.md +++ b/job/16/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job now turns his complaining to God. # made all my family desolate "destroyed all my family" - diff --git a/job/16/08.md b/job/16/08.md index d94f1c4ba8..418c170e6d 100644 --- a/job/16/08.md +++ b/job/16/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job describes the thinness of his body as if it were accuser against him. Altern # against my face Here Job is referred to by his "face." Alternate translation: "against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/16/09.md b/job/16/09.md index 6d50917852..52837fce25 100644 --- a/job/16/09.md +++ b/job/16/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job refers to God as his "enemy" as he describes how he has caused him great pai # fastens his eyes on me This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "glares at me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/16/10.md b/job/16/10.md index 97cb437dcc..152be49ddc 100644 --- a/job/16/10.md +++ b/job/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # People have gaped with open mouth To "gape" means to stare in amazement with open mouth. - diff --git a/job/16/11.md b/job/16/11.md index be5d88069d..08d64494c6 100644 --- a/job/16/11.md +++ b/job/16/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "puts me under the control of" (See: [[ # throws me into the hands Here a person's "hands" refer to his "control." Alternate translation: "delivers me to the control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/16/12.md b/job/16/12.md index 309593d7e5..49e01ce3d7 100644 --- a/job/16/12.md +++ b/job/16/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job speaks of God causing him pain and despair as if he were something that God # he has also set me up as his target Job speaks of himself being the focus of God's attacks as if God has set him up as a target to shoot arrows at. Alternate translation: "it is as though he set me up like a target" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/16/13.md b/job/16/13.md index e9159bfdee..9a86c65529 100644 --- a/job/16/13.md +++ b/job/16/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of himself being the focus of God's attacks as if God has set him up # God pierces my kidneys and does not spare me; he pours out my bile on the ground Job speaks of the pain he is feeling by comparing it to God piercing his body with arrows. Here "God" represents the arrows that he shoots. Alternate translation: "It feels like God's arrows have pierced my kidneys and my liver, spilling my bile on the ground. He does not spare me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/16/14.md b/job/16/14.md index 44abcc1296..3239bdbc90 100644 --- a/job/16/14.md +++ b/job/16/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of the pain that he feels by comparing himself to a wall that God sma # he runs upon me like a warrior Job describes God as a soldier that attacks him. Alternate translation: "it is like he is a warrior who runs at me to attack me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/16/15.md b/job/16/15.md index a0fbed57e7..42dc5a93ec 100644 --- a/job/16/15.md +++ b/job/16/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of wearing clothing made of sackcloth as if the cloth were attached t # I have thrust my horn into the ground Job's "horn" represents the power and authority he had before but now is no more. Alternate translation: "I sit here in the dirt, very depressed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/16/16.md b/job/16/16.md index e346d9305b..28d6925efd 100644 --- a/job/16/16.md +++ b/job/16/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on my eyelids is utter darkness Here Job's eyes are represented by his "eyelids." Job speaks of his eyes' dark appearance as if his eyes looked like the eyes of a dead person. Alternate translation: "there are dark circles around my eyes" or "my eyes are dark, like the eyes of a dead person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/16/17.md b/job/16/17.md index 931c718f4d..2c739aa257 100644 --- a/job/16/17.md +++ b/job/16/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there is no violence in my hands "Hands" refers to a person's ability and activity. Alternate translation: "I have not acted violently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/16/18.md b/job/16/18.md index 919c7beb08..8c78c3e235 100644 --- a/job/16/18.md +++ b/job/16/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job speaks of himself dying as if he would be murdered. Here his "blood" is a me # let my cry have no resting place Job speaks of wanting everyone to know what happened to him as if his "cry" were a person that never stopped testifying to what happened to him and never rested. Alternate translation: "let everyone hear about what has happened to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/16/19.md b/job/16/19.md index 15f790efb6..5caaad6f58 100644 --- a/job/16/19.md +++ b/job/16/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job uses this word to draw attention to what he says next. Alternate translation # on high This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "in heaven" or "in heaven on high" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/16/20.md b/job/16/20.md index 6a9294d10d..761fd204c5 100644 --- a/job/16/20.md +++ b/job/16/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my eye pours out tears Job describes how strongly he feels his sorrow. Here he exaggerates how he often cries by saying that tears pour from his eyes. Alternate translation: "my eyes are full of tears while I cry out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/job/16/21.md b/job/16/21.md index 926eb40051..a7e54897ff 100644 --- a/job/16/21.md +++ b/job/16/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # as a man does with his neighbor! "as a man does for his neighbor." Job describes how he wants that one in heaven to plead for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/16/22.md b/job/16/22.md index fc10a2eabe..d0a4446650 100644 --- a/job/16/22.md +++ b/job/16/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will go to a place Here Job is referring to himself dying. Alternate translation: "I will die and go to a place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/16/intro.md b/job/16/intro.md index 321f3b7719..808abb976a 100644 --- a/job/16/intro.md +++ b/job/16/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Job 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job's response to Eliphaz. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Job's response -#### Job's response Job expresses shock and disgust at the advice Eliphaz gives to him. He even mocks Eliphaz. He describes the difficulties of his circumstances but never curses Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) -#### Advocate +### Advocate + Job describes the need for someone to intercede for him in heaven. This person would be his advocate and provide a witness for him. Although this is probably not intended as a prophecy, it closely parallels the way Jesus intercedes for people in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/intercede]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Job describes the need for someone to intercede for him in heaven. This person w * __[Job 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/17/01.md b/job/17/01.md index b6b3ea7288..c606939703 100644 --- a/job/17/01.md +++ b/job/17/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "spirit" is a synecdoche that refers to Job as a whole person and means # the grave is ready for me This phrase describes "the grave" as if it is a person who will receive Job as a guest. Alternate translation: "soon I will be dead and buried" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/17/02.md b/job/17/02.md index 60e091d3da..ee3b28757e 100644 --- a/job/17/02.md +++ b/job/17/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job refers to himself by his "eyes" to emphasize what he sees. Alternate transla # their provocation "their insults." The word "provocation" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "them provoking me" or "them, trying to make me angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/17/03.md b/job/17/03.md index 42fb483984..eaf7a3de2b 100644 --- a/job/17/03.md +++ b/job/17/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job begins to speak to God. Here he speaks of his situation as if he were in pri # who else is there who will help me? Job uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no one else to help him. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "there is no one else who will help me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/17/04.md b/job/17/04.md index c59639b966..d2c64fba29 100644 --- a/job/17/04.md +++ b/job/17/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "their" refers to his friends. They are referred to by their "hearts" t # you will not exalt them over me "you will not allow them to triumph over me" - diff --git a/job/17/05.md b/job/17/05.md index 9c3ca30eb1..9ff98e917f 100644 --- a/job/17/05.md +++ b/job/17/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the eyes of his children will fail The person's children are referred to here by their "eyes." This phrase describes the children suffering because of what their father or mother did. Alternate translation: "his children will suffer for it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/17/06.md b/job/17/06.md index 39c2e098bc..55055235fe 100644 --- a/job/17/06.md +++ b/job/17/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that people speak of him in a mocking way and use his name as an insu # they spit in my face "people spit in my face." In this culture spitting on someone was a great insult. If spitting has a different meaning in your culture you can write this differently. Alternate translation: "people insult me greatly, by spitting in my face" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/17/07.md b/job/17/07.md index 67126264f7..b24d83e239 100644 --- a/job/17/07.md +++ b/job/17/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Shadows have no thickness and are infinitely thin. That is an exaggeration of ho # all my members This is a generalization used to emphasize that his whole body is thin, but it probably refers specifically to his arms and legs. Alternate translation: "my arms and legs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/job/17/08.md b/job/17/08.md index 0baa0ec0a2..5715a06129 100644 --- a/job/17/08.md +++ b/job/17/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # will stir himself up against This is an idiom that means to awaken oneself or rouse oneself into activity. Alternate translation: "will begin to take action against" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/17/09.md b/job/17/09.md index e9ce0554ba..a8beca2694 100644 --- a/job/17/09.md +++ b/job/17/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of a person being innocent as having clean hands. Alternate translat # will grow stronger and stronger This does not refer only to physical strength but also to the strength of a person's will and emotions. - diff --git a/job/17/10.md b/job/17/10.md index b45d5e7736..f7d20a3849 100644 --- a/job/17/10.md +++ b/job/17/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job is speaking to Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar. # come on now Job invites his friends to debate what he has said. Alternate translation: "come on now, argue with me again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/17/11.md b/job/17/11.md index d644353746..682a81a933 100644 --- a/job/17/11.md +++ b/job/17/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "My time is past" or "My life is over" # my plans are shattered, and so are the desires of my heart Here Job's "heart" represents his inner being. Alternate translation: "my plans will never happen, nor will the things that I have desired most" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/17/12.md b/job/17/12.md index 875fdb436e..afa9b0fc2c 100644 --- a/job/17/12.md +++ b/job/17/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the people claiming that night is day as if they actually changed # light is near to darkness It is implied that the mockers claim that it is light when it is close to dark. Alternate translation: "they claim that light is near to darkness" or "they claim that when it is becoming dark, that it is getting light" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/17/13.md b/job/17/13.md index 6e01c43acf..c3bdca68b5 100644 --- a/job/17/13.md +++ b/job/17/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Job speaks of being prepared to die as having laid his bed in the darkness. # have spread my couch "have made my bed" - diff --git a/job/17/14.md b/job/17/14.md index b99d0a4dc3..7a3829ee0a 100644 --- a/job/17/14.md +++ b/job/17/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Job speaks of the closeness he will soon have with his grave by comparing it to # You are my mother or my sister Job speaks of the closeness he will soon have with the worms in his grave by comparing it to the closeness a man has with his mother and sisters. Alternate translation: "You are as close to me as my mother or my sister" or "You will be as close to me as a mother or sister" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/17/15.md b/job/17/15.md index 142f896a98..f24317cca6 100644 --- a/job/17/15.md +++ b/job/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implicit answer is "nowhere," because he has no hope. This rhetorical questi # As for my hope, who can see any? This rhetorical question is used to emphasize that that no one expects him to have any hope. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can see any hope for me." or "No one expects me to have any more hope." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/17/16.md b/job/17/16.md index 608b4bdba6..d95e033fbd 100644 --- a/job/17/16.md +++ b/job/17/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Sheol does not really have gates, but it is a metaphor for Job entering Sheol. A # descend to the dust This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "die and are buried" or "go to the grave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/17/intro.md b/job/17/intro.md index 1a54ec2683..c992d19ffa 100644 --- a/job/17/intro.md +++ b/job/17/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Job 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's response to Eliphaz, but it is more directly addressed to Yahweh. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Job's grief -#### Job's grief Job expresses grief or great sadness in this chapter. He awaits the justice and intercession of Yahweh as he awaits his own death. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/intercede]]) -#### Advocate +### Advocate + Job describes the need for someone to intercede for him in heaven. This person would be his advocate and provide a witness for him. Although this is probably not intended as a prophecy, it closely parallels the way Jesus intercedes for people in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ Job describes the need for someone to intercede for him in heaven. This person w * __[Job 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/18/01.md b/job/18/01.md index e7121450ba..fb36c198f9 100644 --- a/job/18/01.md +++ b/job/18/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bildad the Shuhite is speaking to Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry # Then Bildad the Shuhite answered and said "Bildad" is the name of a man who is a member of the tribe of Shuah. See how you translated this in [Job 8:1](../08/01.md). - diff --git a/job/18/02.md b/job/18/02.md index 93cc84f8c3..181f78b55e 100644 --- a/job/18/02.md +++ b/job/18/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question means that Job has been talking for too long. This may # Consider, and "Be reasonable, and" or "Think about these things, and" - diff --git a/job/18/03.md b/job/18/03.md index e63531ad2a..d26fba2dec 100644 --- a/job/18/03.md +++ b/job/18/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "in your ju # your sight The word "your" here is plural. Bildad is using sarcasm to tell Job that Job should not think of himself as a great man. Alternate translation: "your sight, you who wrongly think you are great" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/job/18/04.md b/job/18/04.md index cba049e88e..c42dc217d3 100644 --- a/job/18/04.md +++ b/job/18/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "should everyone leave # should the rocks be removed out of their places This can be stated in active form. The word "rocks" here refers to large rocks, such as those in the mountains. Alternate translation: "should God remove the rocks from their places" or "should God move mountains around" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/18/05.md b/job/18/05.md index bff2e78e77..2e0e2f8dc7 100644 --- a/job/18/05.md +++ b/job/18/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bildad speaks of a wicked person dying as if his lamp were being blown out. Alte # will be put out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will go out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/18/06.md b/job/18/06.md index 48c314cc11..3d6947000d 100644 --- a/job/18/06.md +++ b/job/18/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The light will be dark in his tent; his lamp above him will be put out Bildad continues to speak of the wicked person dying. He speaks of the wicked man's life as if it were the light in his tent. Alternate translation: It will be like the light in his tent has turned to darkness, like the lamp above him has gone out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/18/07.md b/job/18/07.md index c62e9ee38b..2808333286 100644 --- a/job/18/07.md +++ b/job/18/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the wicked person suddenly experiencing disaster as if he no long # his own plans will cast him down "his own advice makes him fall down." This speaks of the wicked person undergoing disaster as if he fell down. Alternate translation: "his own plans will lead him into disaster" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/18/08.md b/job/18/08.md index fbfc9b8807..deaa2cbdda 100644 --- a/job/18/08.md +++ b/job/18/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ cords or ropes that people weave together to create a mesh. People used nets to # a pitfall a pit that has branches and leaves over it so that an animal will walk onto the branches and leaves and fall into the pit - diff --git a/job/18/09.md b/job/18/09.md index 9d5976373b..4c8dd74cca 100644 --- a/job/18/09.md +++ b/job/18/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People used this kind of trap to catch birds. The trap snapped shut and held on # will take him by the heel Here the "heel" refers to the whole foot. Alternate translation: "will take hold of his foot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/18/10.md b/job/18/10.md index 41d6d4d1df..31238479ca 100644 --- a/job/18/10.md +++ b/job/18/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a rope with a loop that grabs hold of an animal's leg when the animal steps in t # a trap for him The understood verbal phrase "is hidden" may be supplied. Alternate translation: "a trap is hidden on the path to catch him" or "someone will hide a trap to catch him in the way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/job/18/11.md b/job/18/11.md index 0e9216e9ae..56ee4b5618 100644 --- a/job/18/11.md +++ b/job/18/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they will chase him at every step This speaks of the things that terrify the wicked person as if they were enemies who chased him. Alternate translation: "it will be as if the terrors will chase him all around" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/18/12.md b/job/18/12.md index 5562322638..a458808472 100644 --- a/job/18/12.md +++ b/job/18/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the wicked man becoming poor and hungry as if his wealth were som # calamity will be ready at his side The phrase "ready at his side" is an idiom that means that something is continually present. Alternate translation: "he will continually experience disaster" or "he will not be able to avoid calamity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/18/13.md b/job/18/13.md index e9ca39fa15..37ff2db744 100644 --- a/job/18/13.md +++ b/job/18/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Also, this speaks of a disease destroying his # the firstborn of death will devour his parts Here a disease that kills many people is referred to as "the firstborn of death." This speaks of that disease destroying his body as if it were an animal that had attacked him and was eating him. Alternate translation: "a deadly disease will destroy the different parts of his body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/18/14.md b/job/18/14.md index 38433c9669..a4b6e8696d 100644 --- a/job/18/14.md +++ b/job/18/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it marches him off" o # the king of terrors This is a reference to "King Death," a pagan god who was believed to rule over death. Alternate translation: "the one who rules over the dead" or "the king of death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/18/15.md b/job/18/15.md index b6c52b2eb0..d995b8d973 100644 --- a/job/18/15.md +++ b/job/18/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # after they see that sulfur is scattered within his home People used sulfur to get rid of any diseases from a dying person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after they spread sulfur all over his home" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/18/16.md b/job/18/16.md index 6aeadd553e..30ccb8e962 100644 --- a/job/18/16.md +++ b/job/18/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the wicked man dying and having no descendants as if he were a tr # will his branch be cut off This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his branches will wither" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/18/17.md b/job/18/17.md index a1ba63edd9..271a5816af 100644 --- a/job/18/17.md +++ b/job/18/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the "memory" of the wicked man as if it were a person who died. A # he will have no name in the street This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "no one walking along the street will even remember his name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/18/18.md b/job/18/18.md index 444ee59ea5..f2fa7d1985 100644 --- a/job/18/18.md +++ b/job/18/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of God making him leave earth and go where dead people go as if he w # be chased out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will chase him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/18/19.md b/job/18/19.md index 7065b02e4d..6ac69d2972 100644 --- a/job/18/19.md +++ b/job/18/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Together these two phrases emphasize that he will have no family or descendants # where he once lived Or "in his temporary dwelling-place." If your language has a word for a place in which people live temporarily until they can move to a better place, you may want to use it here. - diff --git a/job/18/20.md b/job/18/20.md index 12b8646546..7c45160c80 100644 --- a/job/18/20.md +++ b/job/18/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrases "in the west" and "in the east" are together a merism that refers to # one day "on the day God punishes him" - diff --git a/job/18/21.md b/job/18/21.md index a880048c11..51f6053dac 100644 --- a/job/18/21.md +++ b/job/18/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bildad continues to describe the wicked person. # the homes of unrighteous people, the places of those who do not know God These two phrases have the same meaning and refer to the same people. Here these people are referred to by the places where they live. Alternate translation: "unrighteous people, those who do not know God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/18/intro.md b/job/18/intro.md index fa8a71dbfd..0538bd91c7 100644 --- a/job/18/intro.md +++ b/job/18/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ # Job 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. In this chapter, Bildad speaks to Job again. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke, and he is even angry at Job. +The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. In this chapter, Bildad speaks to Job again. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke, and he is even angry at Job. ## Links: * __[Job 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/19/01.md b/job/19/01.md index 4f420a64c2..fbd194cb6c 100644 --- a/job/19/01.md +++ b/job/19/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paralle # Connecting Statement: Job speaks to his three friends. - diff --git a/job/19/02.md b/job/19/02.md index 474b64b5a8..97ceb8dcca 100644 --- a/job/19/02.md +++ b/job/19/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses this question to complain about how his friends are treating him. Alter # crush me with words Job uses this image to say that their words make him feel very sad and hopeless. Alternate translation: "torment me with your words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/19/03.md b/job/19/03.md index 4182619127..896c8c52e7 100644 --- a/job/19/03.md +++ b/job/19/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job is rebuking them for this. This can be written in positive form. Alternate t # have treated me harshly "have despised me" or "have publicly ridiculed me" - diff --git a/job/19/04.md b/job/19/04.md index 413ce7a9fd..38d6c29c76 100644 --- a/job/19/04.md +++ b/job/19/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job implies that his friends are not responsible for continuing to rebuke him si # my error "my sin" or "my mistake" - diff --git a/job/19/05.md b/job/19/05.md index 63faeb33f7..3be0a0892d 100644 --- a/job/19/05.md +++ b/job/19/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ How his friends would do this can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "cla # use my humiliation against me The abstract noun "humiliation" can be expressed with the verb "humiliate." Alternate translation: "claim that what has happened to humiliate me proves that I am guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/19/06.md b/job/19/06.md index 6855496997..4432ddc23d 100644 --- a/job/19/06.md +++ b/job/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has caught me in his net Job speaks as if God were a hunter that has trapped Job in his net. This metaphor represents God taking control of Job and Job's feeling of helplessness. Alternate translation: "has trapped me" or "has taken control of me" or "has control of what happens to me, so that I am helpless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/19/07.md b/job/19/07.md index 7df29cbd2c..b1b865b630 100644 --- a/job/19/07.md +++ b/job/19/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a cry for help. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Viol # but there is no justice The abstract noun "justice" can be translated with a phrase that makes the meaning clear. Alternate translation: "but no one protects me from those who do me wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/19/08.md b/job/19/08.md index ee618e611f..484aced60f 100644 --- a/job/19/08.md +++ b/job/19/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses these images to describe how God has made him feel helpless and hopeles # He has walled up my way so that I cannot pass "God has put a wall on the road that I am walking on" or "He has blocked the way so I cannot keep going" - diff --git a/job/19/09.md b/job/19/09.md index dd9b08c340..cdf5a7c0b9 100644 --- a/job/19/09.md +++ b/job/19/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job speaks of his glory as if it were a robe that God has taken away. Alternate # he has taken the crown from my head The crown refers to Job's dignity or honor. Alternate translation: "he has taken away my dignity and honor" or "it is as though he has taken my crown off my head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/19/10.md b/job/19/10.md index c0b180450c..94bf3bb605 100644 --- a/job/19/10.md +++ b/job/19/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Job speaks of God causing Job not to have hope as if Job's hope were a tree that # like a tree This simile is also an ellipsis. You may need to supply the omitted words. Alternate translation: "the way a man pulls a tree up by its roots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/job/19/11.md b/job/19/11.md index 2233114f9e..32b856737e 100644 --- a/job/19/11.md +++ b/job/19/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of God's wrath as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: "God has # he regards me as one of his adversaries "he thinks of me as an enemy" - diff --git a/job/19/12.md b/job/19/12.md index 716d641838..03c7e444bc 100644 --- a/job/19/12.md +++ b/job/19/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job speaks of God attacking him as if Job was a city and God's army was piling u # encamp around my tent Job speaks of God attacking him as if Job was in his tent and God's army was camping around him and preparing to attack him. Alternate translation: "they camp around my tent and prepare to attack me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/19/13.md b/job/19/13.md index a79aa0141e..b4dbc6cd98 100644 --- a/job/19/13.md +++ b/job/19/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being "far from" someone represents being unwilling to relate to him or help him # my acquaintances are wholly alienated from me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my acquaintances have alienated themselves from me" or "my friends treat me like a stranger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/19/14.md b/job/19/14.md index 385eb00eef..6f86621ae1 100644 --- a/job/19/14.md +++ b/job/19/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # have forgotten me "have abandoned me" or "have neglected me." This means that they refuse to treat him according to how he and they had related to each other in the past. It implies that they abandoned him. - diff --git a/job/19/15.md b/job/19/15.md index 42fea14785..db29202441 100644 --- a/job/19/15.md +++ b/job/19/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job continues to speak to his three friends. # I am an alien in their sight Job describes how people now think of him as an outsider. Here sight represents judgement or evaluation. Alternate translation: "they think of me as a foreigner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/19/16.md b/job/19/16.md index 2db83a997e..0888904d4f 100644 --- a/job/19/16.md +++ b/job/19/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "my mouth" is a metonym which refers to Job speaking. Alternate trans # seek his favor "plead with him" - diff --git a/job/19/17.md b/job/19/17.md index 16f3527a42..5c0becd71d 100644 --- a/job/19/17.md +++ b/job/19/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "breath" represents the smell of his breath. If something is offensive to s # those who were born from my mother's womb Job refers to his brothers and sisters this way to imply that they are people who should love him. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "my own brothers who should love me" or "my brothers and sisters who should love me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/19/18.md b/job/19/18.md index 87b3f7b61c..63893642ea 100644 --- a/job/19/18.md +++ b/job/19/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they speak against me "they ridicule me" or "they make fun of me" - diff --git a/job/19/19.md b/job/19/19.md index e8a1bab934..e086abae5d 100644 --- a/job/19/19.md +++ b/job/19/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # have turned against me "have betrayed me" - diff --git a/job/19/20.md b/job/19/20.md index 81bb1e7e49..72624feacc 100644 --- a/job/19/20.md +++ b/job/19/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job continues to speak to his three friends. # I survive only by the skin of my teeth This idiom means that he is barely surviving, that he almost does not survive. Alternate translation: "I am barely alive" or "I hardly survive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/19/21.md b/job/19/21.md index 127636349b..5b03f375c7 100644 --- a/job/19/21.md +++ b/job/19/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for the hand of God has touched me Here "touched me" is a metonym for "hit me." And, "hand" represents God's power. Causing Job to suffer is spoken of as if Yahweh were physically hitting him with his hand. Alternate translation: "because God has afflicted me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/19/22.md b/job/19/22.md index fe61094bc5..10e9fbd302 100644 --- a/job/19/22.md +++ b/job/19/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job uses this question to complain about how his friends are treating him. Alter # Will you ever be satisfied with my flesh? Job speaks of his friends speaking so cruelly to him as if they were wild beasts eating up another animal. Alternate translation: "Stop violently slandering me." or "Stop attacking me with your words." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/19/23.md b/job/19/23.md index dfd15457dc..d9faec1cdb 100644 --- a/job/19/23.md +++ b/job/19/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This exclamation tells what Job wishes for. It can be stated in active form. Alt # Oh, that they were inscribed in a book This exclamation tells what Job wishes for. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I wish that someone would write them in a book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/19/24.md b/job/19/24.md index 047e7b4d13..f9f25b947c 100644 --- a/job/19/24.md +++ b/job/19/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This exclamation tells what Job wishes for. It can be stated in active form. Alt # lead Lead is a soft metal. We do not know how people used lead when carving rock. They may have filled the letters of the inscription with lead in order to make the inscription last longer. - diff --git a/job/19/25.md b/job/19/25.md index 798a56ad74..f9683470f6 100644 --- a/job/19/25.md +++ b/job/19/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job continues to speak to his three friends. # at last he will stand on the earth This refers to standing to speak in court. Possible meanings are 1) the Redeemer will be the last one to speak in the court. Alternate translation: "he will judge whether or not I am guilty" or 2) the Redeemer will stand in this final court to defend Job. Alternate translation: "at last he will defend me in court" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/19/26.md b/job/19/26.md index 342c732d7a..69d0b98205 100644 --- a/job/19/26.md +++ b/job/19/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) his body being destroyed by disease # in my flesh I will see God His flesh represents his body, and "in my flesh" represents being alive. Alternate translation: "while I live in my body, I will see God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/19/27.md b/job/19/27.md index 1468d652a8..a19f264362 100644 --- a/job/19/27.md +++ b/job/19/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People thought of the heart as being where the emotions are. So the heart failin # My heart fails within me Possible meanings are that 1) Job feels very hopeful, thankful, and happy or 2) Job feels exhausted waiting to see his Redeemer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/19/28.md b/job/19/28.md index 4e0f097167..c5d70f2550 100644 --- a/job/19/28.md +++ b/job/19/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an exclamation. Possible meanings are 1) that they will certainly persec # The root of his troubles lies in him The "root" represents the source. Alternate translation: "He is the source of all his troubles" or "He has all these troubles because of what he has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/19/29.md b/job/19/29.md index 16ff2f1718..1a6fa55487 100644 --- a/job/19/29.md +++ b/job/19/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract nouns "wrath" and "punishment" can be expressed with the adjective # there is a judgment The abstract noun "judgment" can be expressed with the verb "judge." Alternate translation: "God judges people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/19/intro.md b/job/19/intro.md index b2a8c9fe12..6f09314cc1 100644 --- a/job/19/intro.md +++ b/job/19/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Job 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job's response to Bildad. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Verses 25-27 are very important to this book. They show the great depth of Job's * __[Job 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/20/01.md b/job/20/01.md index bfd74cecd3..e6aca3f448 100644 --- a/job/20/01.md +++ b/job/20/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zophar replies to Job. # Zophar the Naamathite See how you translated this man's name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md). Since this is the second time that Zophar speaks, some translations omit "the Naamathite" here. - diff --git a/job/20/02.md b/job/20/02.md index 4844b38a4b..0895d72233 100644 --- a/job/20/02.md +++ b/job/20/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idea of Zophar's thoughts making him do something represents his strong desi # because of the worry that is in me The abstract noun "worry" can be expressed with the adjective "worried." The reason for the worry can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "because I am very worried about you" or "because I am very worried because of what you said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/20/03.md b/job/20/03.md index 02420c7439..b13c7f2667 100644 --- a/job/20/03.md +++ b/job/20/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The content of the answer can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "a thoug # a spirit from my understanding answers me The abstract nouns "spirit" and "understanding" can be expressed with the verbs "think" and "understand." Alternate translation: "because I understand things, I have thought, and now I know how I can reply to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/20/04.md b/job/20/04.md index f892e36e17..d25c071c46 100644 --- a/job/20/04.md +++ b/job/20/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zophar continues speaking with Job. # Do you not know this fact from ancient times ... man on earth Zophar begins a rhetorical question to cause Job to think deeply about what he will now say. - diff --git a/job/20/05.md b/job/20/05.md index a25a8f0316..728d5d003b 100644 --- a/job/20/05.md +++ b/job/20/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "triumph" can be expressed with the verbs "triumph" or "celebr # the joy of a godless man lasts only for a moment The abstract noun "joy" can be expressed with the verb "rejoice" or the adjective "happy." The word "moment" is an exaggeration to emphasize that the time is very short. Alternate translation: "a godless man rejoices for only a moment" or "the godless man is happy for only a very short time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/job/20/06.md b/job/20/06.md index ab2c82a538..e5d7b695aa 100644 --- a/job/20/06.md +++ b/job/20/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The wicked man's height represents either his reputation or his pride. Also, her # his head reaches to the clouds "and though his head is as high as the clouds." This also represents his reputation or pride being great. This means the same as the previous phrase. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/20/07.md b/job/20/07.md index fddea559b5..7140b758f3 100644 --- a/job/20/07.md +++ b/job/20/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Dung mixes in with the ground and disappears. The reference to dung may also imp # his own dung If people are embarrassed about the word "dung," translators may refer to something else that disappears completely. Alternate translation: "dust that the wind blows away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/20/08.md b/job/20/08.md index df559903c8..60e4569c40 100644 --- a/job/20/08.md +++ b/job/20/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "fly away" and "be chased away" represent disappearing. They may also imply # will not be found This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will find him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/20/09.md b/job/20/09.md index 1b8b9d2553..e8c22cab81 100644 --- a/job/20/09.md +++ b/job/20/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eye represents a person. Alternate translation: "Anyone who saw him" or "The # his place The phrase "his place" represents those who live in his place. Alternate translation: "the people who live in his place" or "his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/20/10.md b/job/20/10.md index 3916570f9c..276693083e 100644 --- a/job/20/10.md +++ b/job/20/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Zophar continues speaking to Job. # his hands will have to give back his wealth Here the word "hands" refers to the wicked man's children. When he dies, his children will have to return everything that he took from others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/20/11.md b/job/20/11.md index 70630ad384..045a42b8f5 100644 --- a/job/20/11.md +++ b/job/20/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "bones" represents his body. Being "full of youthful strength" represen # but it will lie down with him in the dust The word "it" refers to his youthful strength. The metonym "lie down ... in the dust" represents dying. The strength dying is a metaphor for disappearing. Alternate translation: "but his youthful strength will die with him" or "but his youthful strength will disappear when he dies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/12.md b/job/20/12.md index 382e589708..e2d7c81101 100644 --- a/job/20/12.md +++ b/job/20/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "wickedness is sweet" represents a person enjoying doing wicked things. Alt # although he hides it under his tongue Zophar speaks of wickedness as if it were sweet food that a person puts under his tongue so it will stay in his mouth and he can taste it for a long time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/13.md b/job/20/13.md index 64a9774165..8acb4d4db0 100644 --- a/job/20/13.md +++ b/job/20/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he holds it there and does not let it go but keeps it still in his mouth Zophar speaks of wickedness as if it were sweet food that a person puts under his tongue so it will stay in his mouth and he can taste it for a long time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/14.md b/job/20/14.md index fcc8d04a4a..861636bc28 100644 --- a/job/20/14.md +++ b/job/20/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This image is even worse than sour food in the stomach. This is a metaphor for a # asps poisonous snakes - diff --git a/job/20/15.md b/job/20/15.md index 24a859d734..440f8d7713 100644 --- a/job/20/15.md +++ b/job/20/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "cast them out of his stomach" is a metonym for causing the man to vomit th # cast throw - diff --git a/job/20/16.md b/job/20/16.md index f091ffbdf1..eb7de068ca 100644 --- a/job/20/16.md +++ b/job/20/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The viper is a poisonous snake. Its tongue represents its poisonous bite. Altern # the viper's tongue will kill him The viper represents the man's wickedness. Alternate translation: "his wickedness will kill him like a viper's bite" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/17.md b/job/20/17.md index 5de3f1ea7e..25250ca599 100644 --- a/job/20/17.md +++ b/job/20/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zophar continues speaking to Job. # the streams, the torrents of honey and butter "Streams" and "torrents" are metaphors that represent abundance. "Honey" and "butter" are metonyms that represent the good things that God gives people. Alternate translation: "the abundance of good things that God gives his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/20/18.md b/job/20/18.md index c67a71d242..847c8cbd87 100644 --- a/job/20/18.md +++ b/job/20/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Normally "the fruit of his labor" simply refers to the results of his labor. In # will not be able to swallow it Here "to swallow" the fruit of his labor represents enjoying the things he had stolen. Alternate translation: "will not be able to enjoy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/19.md b/job/20/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/20/19.md +++ b/job/20/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/20/20.md b/job/20/20.md index d00eda11ab..e0aa7f6ff7 100644 --- a/job/20/20.md +++ b/job/20/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he has known no satisfaction in his belly The word "belly" here is a metonym for the person's desires. Alternate translation: "he has never been able to satisfy his desires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/20/21.md b/job/20/21.md index 0b73c11573..d3357a6098 100644 --- a/job/20/21.md +++ b/job/20/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be reworded with only one of the negatives. Alternate translation: "He # There is nothing left that he did not devour Here "devour" represents taking things for himself. Alternate translation: "There is nothing left that he did not take for himself" or "He took everything for himself, and there is nothing left" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/22.md b/job/20/22.md index f9b5328df3..b9f799aab6 100644 --- a/job/20/22.md +++ b/job/20/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power, and "hand ... will come against him" represents pe # suffers If your language has a separate word for suffering because of poverty, you may want to use it here. - diff --git a/job/20/23.md b/job/20/23.md index f8a85f3381..ec0c36db14 100644 --- a/job/20/23.md +++ b/job/20/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The "fierceness of his wrath" represents God's anger and punishment. Throwing th # God will rain it down on him "God will cause it to rain down on him." Here "rain it down on him" represents causing much punishment to happen to the man. Alternate translation: "God will punish him severely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/24.md b/job/20/24.md index ca97310afd..fd1b856263 100644 --- a/job/20/24.md +++ b/job/20/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The iron weapon represents the person carrying it. Alternate translation: "will # a bow of bronze will shoot him The bow represents the person who shoots an arrow with it. Alternate translation: "someone with a bronze bow will shoot him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/20/25.md b/job/20/25.md index 9dbb81cc2d..0b4ccae6ab 100644 --- a/job/20/25.md +++ b/job/20/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a large and important part of the body. If someone shoots through it wit # Terrors come over him He will suddenly become very afraid. Alternate translation: "he is terrified" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/26.md b/job/20/26.md index 6438f50085..146e45f016 100644 --- a/job/20/26.md +++ b/job/20/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "not fanned" implies that no human will start the fire. Rather, God w # it will consume Here "consume" is a metaphor meaning destroy. Alternate translation: "the fire will destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/27.md b/job/20/27.md index 0db340d6a4..166b1d78b0 100644 --- a/job/20/27.md +++ b/job/20/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The heavens ... the earth Possible meanings are: 1) those who live in the heavens and the earth or 2) Zophar is describing the heavens and the earth as if they are humans who will testify in court against the wicked person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/20/28.md b/job/20/28.md index 2e185f7cb7..72e7ff53fd 100644 --- a/job/20/28.md +++ b/job/20/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "flow away" represents being taken away from him. Alternate translation: "h # the day of God's wrath Here "wrath" represents punishment. The abstract noun "wrath" can be expressed with the verb punish. Alternate translation: "the day when God punishes people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/20/29.md b/job/20/29.md index 5347af7648..89715c2d06 100644 --- a/job/20/29.md +++ b/job/20/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "portion from God" represents what God has decided should happen to someone # the heritage decreed for him by God This represents what God has decided should happen to someone. It is spoken of as if it were something that God would give him as an inheritance. Alternate translation: "what God has planned to give to him" or "what God has planned should happen to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/20/intro.md b/job/20/intro.md index 9c9f657e3d..6649cd21e2 100644 --- a/job/20/intro.md +++ b/job/20/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Job 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. In this chapter, Zophar speaks to Job again. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke, and he is even angry at Job. He claims that Job took advantage of the poor and is being punished for it. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors There are many metaphors used in this chapter. Zophar uses them to explain the temporary nature of life and riches. He also uses them to describe God's punishment of Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ There are many metaphors used in this chapter. Zophar uses them to explain the t * __[Job 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/21/01.md b/job/21/01.md index 502bedb08c..a386991cad 100644 --- a/job/21/01.md +++ b/job/21/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Job begins to answer Zophar's accusations. - diff --git a/job/21/02.md b/job/21/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/21/02.md +++ b/job/21/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/21/03.md b/job/21/03.md index 392f64054b..74432cac76 100644 --- a/job/21/03.md +++ b/job/21/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # mock on "you can continue mocking me." Job is using sarcasm to imply that his friends would ignore what he would say and continue to mock him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/job/21/04.md b/job/21/04.md index 8467182a6f..202aaef906 100644 --- a/job/21/04.md +++ b/job/21/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking to his friends. # As for me, is my complaint to a person? Why should I not be impatient? Job uses questions to emphasize that he thinks it is fair for him to complain to God. Alternate translation: "I am not complaining to a person. I have the right to be impatient" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/21/05.md b/job/21/05.md index 7ee45a6bed..43c9355d96 100644 --- a/job/21/05.md +++ b/job/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lay your hand upon your mouth "cover your mouth with your hand." Possible meanings are that 1) this is a response to being astonished. Alternate translation: "cover your mouth with your hand" or 2) this is a symbol that the person will not speak. Alternate translation: "do not say anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/21/06.md b/job/21/06.md index 807f8eb748..b99236a46f 100644 --- a/job/21/06.md +++ b/job/21/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # trembling seizes my body "fear causes my body to tremble" or "I shake with fear" - diff --git a/job/21/07.md b/job/21/07.md index f2c6df2b31..ff604ccc1b 100644 --- a/job/21/07.md +++ b/job/21/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking to his friends. # Why do wicked people continue to live, become old, and grow mighty in power? Job uses this question to show that his friends are wrong to think evil men always suffer. Alternate translation: "Wicked people indeed continue to live, become old, and become wealthier." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/21/08.md b/job/21/08.md index 8b1c981cfa..b30bffd026 100644 --- a/job/21/08.md +++ b/job/21/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This two clauses mean the same thing and emphasize that this is true. (See: [[rc # in their sight ... before their eyes These phrases mean the same thing because "eyes" refers to sight. Wicked people get to watch their descendants grow strong and wealthy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/21/09.md b/job/21/09.md index d5cd0bea85..171ae83cd3 100644 --- a/job/21/09.md +++ b/job/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "houses" refers to the family members that lives in them. Alternate transla # rod of God This refers to God's punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/21/10.md b/job/21/10.md index d344068b4a..4d6388a3c5 100644 --- a/job/21/10.md +++ b/job/21/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking to his friends. # does not lose her calf prematurely "she does not miscarry" or "her calf is born healthy and strong" - diff --git a/job/21/11.md b/job/21/11.md index 68a9dfedb3..3b7b5431af 100644 --- a/job/21/11.md +++ b/job/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # little ones like a flock Job compares these children to lambs to emphasize that they run, play, and are happy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/21/12.md b/job/21/12.md index 8187de0253..eed2ff1e14 100644 --- a/job/21/12.md +++ b/job/21/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tambourine a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/job/21/13.md b/job/21/13.md index 0a05adfd13..2827a90f62 100644 --- a/job/21/13.md +++ b/job/21/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job continues speaking with his friends. # they go down quietly to Sheol This is a polite way of saying that they die. Alternate translation: "they die peacefully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/job/21/14.md b/job/21/14.md index 89e94317b1..93afd16fa6 100644 --- a/job/21/14.md +++ b/job/21/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your ways This refers to how God wants people to behave. - diff --git a/job/21/15.md b/job/21/15.md index b0750e9215..165957ee3f 100644 --- a/job/21/15.md +++ b/job/21/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What is the Almighty, that we should worship him? What profit would we get if we prayed to him? The wicked people use these questions to mock God. Alternate translation: "We do not believe that this Almighty God is worthy of our worship. If we pray to him, he cannot do anything good for us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/21/16.md b/job/21/16.md index 4de587904c..f3ca0b1e50 100644 --- a/job/21/16.md +++ b/job/21/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking to his friends. # See, is not their prosperity in their own hands? Here "hands" refers to their power or control. Job uses this question to challenge his friends. Alternate translation: "Look, these wicked people claim that they make themselves prosper!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/21/17.md b/job/21/17.md index c8fb8aa127..ee8e5f1ed2 100644 --- a/job/21/17.md +++ b/job/21/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job compares the life of the wicked to a lamp that is burning. (See: [[rc://en/t # How often does it happen ... in his anger? Job uses this second question to emphasize that it seems to him that God does not punish the wicked very often. Alternate translation: "It is not often ... in his anger." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/21/18.md b/job/21/18.md index 43f51f6403..382f9ac367 100644 --- a/job/21/18.md +++ b/job/21/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses this third question to emphasize that it seems to him that God does not # they become like stubble before the wind or like chaff that the storm carries away The death of the wicked is spoken of as if they were worthless less chaff and stubble that blows away. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God takes them away like the wind blows away the chaff" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/21/19.md b/job/21/19.md index 5b7866601f..9b7728e7ab 100644 --- a/job/21/19.md +++ b/job/21/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Job speaks of iniquity as if it were an object that could be stored for later us # Let him pay it himself, ... know it Job now begins to state his own opinion. You may need to make explicit that what the sinner should know is how bad his sins have been. It may be helpful to use an indirect quotation. "But I say that he should pay it himself, ... know his guilt'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/job/21/20.md b/job/21/20.md index 7d855adbd6..05b098cefc 100644 --- a/job/21/20.md +++ b/job/21/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "eyes" refers to the person. Alternate translation: "Let him see" (See: [[r # let him drink of the wrath of the Almighty Here the wrath of God is spoken of as if it were a drink that a person can taste, and tasting is a metonym for experiencing the drink. Job wants the wicked person to experience God's punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/21/21.md b/job/21/21.md index 8c9f94cb7f..892bbb4685 100644 --- a/job/21/21.md +++ b/job/21/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of saying that he dies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-eup # the number of his months This refers to the length of his life. - diff --git a/job/21/22.md b/job/21/22.md index 22d35c76ce..7fae425912 100644 --- a/job/21/22.md +++ b/job/21/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job asks this question to emphasize that God knows everything. Alternate transla # those who are high Possible meanings are 1) "those who are in heaven" or 2) "powerful people." - diff --git a/job/21/23.md b/job/21/23.md index 54d94d7a85..93d1068ef3 100644 --- a/job/21/23.md +++ b/job/21/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # One man dies in his full strength Job contrasts this man who dies in health and peace to the man who dies in sorrow and pain in [Job 21:25](../21/25.md). You can make this explicit. Alternate translation: "If there are two men, one may die in his full strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/21/24.md b/job/21/24.md index 36f89308ed..9e8a2de850 100644 --- a/job/21/24.md +++ b/job/21/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word for "milk" may mean "fat." Either rendering means he is well-fed. Alter # the marrow of his bones is moist This idiom means his body is youthful and healthy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/21/25.md b/job/21/25.md index 22ffe2d235..bbe5d3627a 100644 --- a/job/21/25.md +++ b/job/21/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here sorrow is spoken of as if it tasted bitter, and "soul" refers to the whole # has never experienced anything good This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "has experienced only bad things" - diff --git a/job/21/26.md b/job/21/26.md index 15dd96c58f..d23b8b9b7c 100644 --- a/job/21/26.md +++ b/job/21/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way to say that they died. Alternate translation: "They both di # the worms cover them both Worms are associated with decay of dead bodies. Alternate translation: "the worms in the dirt eat their dead bodies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/21/27.md b/job/21/27.md index a987663bed..4652364be2 100644 --- a/job/21/27.md +++ b/job/21/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking to his friends. # See Job uses this phrase to call attention to the statement that follows. Alternate translation: "Listen" - diff --git a/job/21/28.md b/job/21/28.md index de445af01b..a9b6d8d868 100644 --- a/job/21/28.md +++ b/job/21/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Where now is the house of the prince? Where is the tent in which the wicked man once lived? Job believes his friends will ask these question to scold him. Both questions mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "See, the house of the evil ruler is gone. The tent of the wicked man has disappeared." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/21/29.md b/job/21/29.md index 0b213a7bdf..f8a48fa61f 100644 --- a/job/21/29.md +++ b/job/21/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking to his friends. # Have you never asked traveling people? Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends for not learning from people who travel. Alternate translation: "You should listen to those who have traveled to distant places." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/21/30.md b/job/21/30.md index afc5d6e9c7..cc0c11c631 100644 --- a/job/21/30.md +++ b/job/21/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends for not learning from people who # the wicked man is kept from the day of calamity ... he is led away from the day of wrath This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God keeps the wicked man from the day of calamity ... God leads him away from the day of wrath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/21/31.md b/job/21/31.md index f4d8270153..e295e7a6c2 100644 --- a/job/21/31.md +++ b/job/21/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means no one will go directly to the wicked person and condemn him personal # Who will repay him for what he has done? Job uses this question to contradict his friends' belief that the wicked are always judged. Alternate translation: "No one repays him for the bad things that he has done." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/21/32.md b/job/21/32.md index 1ca4829bf9..9e9869f7c5 100644 --- a/job/21/32.md +++ b/job/21/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will be borne This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will carry him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/21/33.md b/job/21/33.md index ba817c4cdf..9b4e30b124 100644 --- a/job/21/33.md +++ b/job/21/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job imagines that the dead person will even enjoy the dirt that is put on him. T # all people will follow after him, as there were innumerable people before him Job emphasizes that a large crowd of people will be in the funeral procession of this imaginary wicked man to honor him. Alternate translation: "a huge number of people go to the grave site; some go in front of the procession and some come behind" - diff --git a/job/21/34.md b/job/21/34.md index aa310e2334..75a6ec266f 100644 --- a/job/21/34.md +++ b/job/21/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This concludes Job's speech to his friends. # How then do you comfort me with nonsense, since in your answers there is nothing but falsehood? Job uses a question to scold his friends. Alternate translation: "You cannot comfort me with nonsense. All of your answers are false." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/21/intro.md b/job/21/intro.md index 82f67e2d7e..e9fe9de377 100644 --- a/job/21/intro.md +++ b/job/21/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job's response to Zophar. It is also a response to all three of his friends in general. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Ancestor's sin -#### Ancestor's sin In the ancient Near East, it was common to believe that a person could be punished because of the sins of their fathers and ancestors. It was seen as the punishment of a god. While a father's sin may have consequences for their children, Yahweh does not punish people because of their father's sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Zophar that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to * __[Job 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/22/01.md b/job/22/01.md index 73c1aa9d58..81c4cdfe43 100644 --- a/job/22/01.md +++ b/job/22/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliphaz the Temanite See how you translated this man's name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/22/02.md b/job/22/02.md index 3fb4d46a24..ef71ad2461 100644 --- a/job/22/02.md +++ b/job/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Can a man be useful to God? Can a wise man be useful to him? Both questions mean basically the same thing. Eliphaz uses questions to emphasize that a person's actions and wisdom do not benefit God. Alternate translation: "A man cannot be useful to God. A wise man cannot be useful to him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/22/03.md b/job/22/03.md index 9bb17fe9ac..6b6acd68eb 100644 --- a/job/22/03.md +++ b/job/22/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is it any pleasure to the Almighty if you are righteous? Is it gain to him if you make your ways blameless? Both of these statements mean the same thing. Eliphaz uses questions to emphasize that Job's actions do not help God. Alternate translation: "The Almighty does not receive any pleasure if you are righteous. He does not gain anything if you make your ways blameless." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/22/04.md b/job/22/04.md index 6df1fd0e8e..40e781b551 100644 --- a/job/22/04.md +++ b/job/22/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eliphaz continues speaking to Job. # Is it because of your reverence for him that he rebukes you and takes you to judgment? Eliphaz uses questions to scold Job and accuse him of committing terrible sins. Alternate translation: "It is certainly not because you have been devoted to him that God rebukes you and takes you to judgment!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/22/05.md b/job/22/05.md index c83ef3eeea..726335707a 100644 --- a/job/22/05.md +++ b/job/22/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is not your wickedness great? Is there no end to your iniquities? Eliphaz uses questions to scold Job and accuse him of committing terrible sins. Alternate translation: "As you know, he judges you because your wickedness is great and you keep on sinning!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/22/06.md b/job/22/06.md index 2f0b99ceec..32cd472499 100644 --- a/job/22/06.md +++ b/job/22/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a lender taking something from the borrower to ensure that the bo # you have stripped away clothing from the naked Eliphaz is accusing Job of taking clothes as security from poor people who borrowed from him. - diff --git a/job/22/07.md b/job/22/07.md index ffb44cc8e4..e20ee785c0 100644 --- a/job/22/07.md +++ b/job/22/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # withheld bread Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "withheld food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/22/08.md b/job/22/08.md index 0804496baf..8604168cd6 100644 --- a/job/22/08.md +++ b/job/22/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eliphaz is accusing Job of taking land from poor people and not allowing them to # possessed the earth Eliphaz is exaggerating the amount of land that Job owned in order to portray Job as greedy. Alternate translation: "possessed a great amount of land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/job/22/09.md b/job/22/09.md index d230735897..562d83b3ad 100644 --- a/job/22/09.md +++ b/job/22/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ women whose husbands have died # the arms of the fatherless have been crushed Here "arms" refer to power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you even oppressed the fatherless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/22/10.md b/job/22/10.md index 5e2cc46ea4..4a257ba4d6 100644 --- a/job/22/10.md +++ b/job/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # snares are all around you ... sudden fear troubles you These are metaphors for trouble and danger. Alternate translation: "you are always in danger ... you become afraid for no reason" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/22/11.md b/job/22/11.md index f2816fce9f..5f52eee268 100644 --- a/job/22/11.md +++ b/job/22/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Each of these metaphors means troubles and dangers are all around Job because of # an abundance of waters "a flood" - diff --git a/job/22/12.md b/job/22/12.md index f230249a77..59620f3ff5 100644 --- a/job/22/12.md +++ b/job/22/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Eliphaz uses this question to say that God sees Job's sin and will judge him. Al # Look at the height of the stars, how high they are! Eliphaz implies that God is higher than the stars. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Look at how high the stars are. God is even higher than the stars!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/22/13.md b/job/22/13.md index 6455042220..f78106a3fe 100644 --- a/job/22/13.md +++ b/job/22/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What does God know? Can he judge through the thick darkness? Eliphaz uses these questions to imply that Job has said these things against God. Alternate translation: "God does not know what happens on earth. He sits in dark clouds and cannot see to judge us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/22/14.md b/job/22/14.md index 790412d4af..65007dbcbd 100644 --- a/job/22/14.md +++ b/job/22/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he walks on the vault of heaven Here "vault" refers to the barrier that ancient people believed separated the earth from heaven. Alternate translation: "he lives too far away in heaven to see what happens here" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/22/15.md b/job/22/15.md index 756aa83ac2..c3436cef44 100644 --- a/job/22/15.md +++ b/job/22/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Eliphaz continues speaking to Job. - diff --git a/job/22/16.md b/job/22/16.md index 5dfa58bc8e..eafd5386c5 100644 --- a/job/22/16.md +++ b/job/22/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Dying is compared to God snatching them away. This can be stated in active form. # those whose foundations have washed away like a river The death of wicked people is compared to buildings that had their foundations washed away by a flood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/22/17.md b/job/22/17.md index 0bad939890..99717d63c9 100644 --- a/job/22/17.md +++ b/job/22/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What can the Almighty do to us? Eliphaz quotes a question wicked people use to mock God. Alternate translation: "The Almighty cannot do anything to us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/22/18.md b/job/22/18.md index 527efa427e..c8550333fe 100644 --- a/job/22/18.md +++ b/job/22/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Eliphaz continues speaking to Job. # the plans of wicked people are far from me The idiom "far from me" means Eliphaz rejects them. Alternate translation: "but I will not listen to their wicked plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/22/19.md b/job/22/19.md index 800ea57920..b10cd40d49 100644 --- a/job/22/19.md +++ b/job/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # see their fate "know what will happen to the wicked" - diff --git a/job/22/20.md b/job/22/20.md index 896dc8e90b..ecb84b8bb3 100644 --- a/job/22/20.md +++ b/job/22/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Surely those who rose up against us are cut off Here "those who rose up" refers to the wicked people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Surely God has destroyed the wicked people who harmed us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/22/21.md b/job/22/21.md index a573b0efa6..135bdc3c07 100644 --- a/job/22/21.md +++ b/job/22/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eliphaz continues speaking to Job. # Now Eliphaz uses this word to introduce something important he is about to say. - diff --git a/job/22/22.md b/job/22/22.md index 1df55771cb..a6324761b0 100644 --- a/job/22/22.md +++ b/job/22/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's words are compared to treasures that Job could keep in a storeroom. Altern # your heart Here "heart" refers to Job's thoughts. Alternate translation: "your mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/22/23.md b/job/22/23.md index d32f8e7542..8250110bf5 100644 --- a/job/22/23.md +++ b/job/22/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Eliphaz compares Job's restoration to the rebuilding of a house that has fallen. # if you put unrighteousness far away from your tents Unrighteousness is pictured as a person who is living in Job's tent who must be removed. Alternate translation: "if you and everyone in your house stops sinning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/22/24.md b/job/22/24.md index 8cf2251bde..bb9124fc71 100644 --- a/job/22/24.md +++ b/job/22/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To put gold in the stream is to treat it as no more valuable than stones. Altern # Ophir This is the name of a region famous for its gold. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/22/25.md b/job/22/25.md index 331eeda54d..8e8232b20a 100644 --- a/job/22/25.md +++ b/job/22/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Almighty will be your treasure, precious silver to you This means God will be more valuable to Job than any treasure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/22/26.md b/job/22/26.md index 7101888abf..f6dccc11ea 100644 --- a/job/22/26.md +++ b/job/22/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eliphaz continues speaking to Job. # you will lift up your face to God This means Job will no longer be ashamed but will trust in God. Alternate translation: "you will be able to approach God confidently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/22/27.md b/job/22/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/22/27.md +++ b/job/22/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/22/28.md b/job/22/28.md index b4329a696f..f31a2d86fc 100644 --- a/job/22/28.md +++ b/job/22/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will cause you to # light will shine on your paths God's blessing is compared to a light on all of Job's paths. Alternate translation: "it will be like a light shining on the road in front of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/22/29.md b/job/22/29.md index 5a2c353003..674b993aa6 100644 --- a/job/22/29.md +++ b/job/22/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "eyes" is a synecdoche for the whole person or a metonym for the w # humble eyes "lowered eyes," eyes that look at the ground and not at the person with whom their owner is conversing - diff --git a/job/22/30.md b/job/22/30.md index 1901b3297f..b47ae5a4a5 100644 --- a/job/22/30.md +++ b/job/22/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job being innocent is spoken of as if his hands were physically clean. The phras # He will rescue even the man who is not innocent; who will be rescued through the cleanness of your hands Some versions of the Bible read, "He rescues the innocent person; so he will rescue you when your hands are clean" - diff --git a/job/22/intro.md b/job/22/intro.md index 0a9e1076bc..d36ea8aa15 100644 --- a/job/22/intro.md +++ b/job/22/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of the advice of Job's friend, Eliphaz. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Repentance -#### Repentance Eliphaz tries to get Job to repent in this chapter. Eliphaz assumes that he is righteous, while assuming Job is not. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Eliphaz's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try * __[Job 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/23/01.md b/job/23/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/23/01.md +++ b/job/23/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/23/02.md b/job/23/02.md index e85e031972..d024435409 100644 --- a/job/23/02.md +++ b/job/23/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ That is, God continues to afflict Job, but Job will not stop claiming that he ha # my hand ... heavy because of my groaning Possible meanings are 1) "I can barely lift my hand because of my groaning" or 2) "God's hand continues to make me suffer in spite of my groaning" where "hand" refers to God's power to punish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/23/03.md b/job/23/03.md index 7488d77c02..2774a85b46 100644 --- a/job/23/03.md +++ b/job/23/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two lines mean the same thing and emphasize Job's desire to meet with God. # I might find him "I might find God" - diff --git a/job/23/04.md b/job/23/04.md index 5e6e4d3f12..429f3613c5 100644 --- a/job/23/04.md +++ b/job/23/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two lines mean the same thing and emphasize Job's desire to explain his si # fill my mouth with arguments Here "fill my mouth" refers to speaking. Alternate translation: "I would speak all of my arguments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/23/05.md b/job/23/05.md index 943eb950c1..f60ac6a46a 100644 --- a/job/23/05.md +++ b/job/23/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two lines mean basically the same thing and emphasize Job's desire to hear # the words with which he would answer me "the answer that he would give me" - diff --git a/job/23/06.md b/job/23/06.md index debf565d80..b3a03a1429 100644 --- a/job/23/06.md +++ b/job/23/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking. # Would he "Would God" - diff --git a/job/23/07.md b/job/23/07.md index ca4deb335e..6e11837916 100644 --- a/job/23/07.md +++ b/job/23/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the place where God is. # I would be acquitted forever by my judge This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my judge would acquit me forever" or "God, who is my judge, would say that I am innocent once and for all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/23/08.md b/job/23/08.md index 1df44e602c..eaf57fa34b 100644 --- a/job/23/08.md +++ b/job/23/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking. He begins using a merism to say that he has looked everywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/job/23/09.md b/job/23/09.md index d5a5303ef1..6875a97adb 100644 --- a/job/23/09.md +++ b/job/23/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of the merism that begins with the words "eastward ... westward" # where he hides himself Job speaks of God as if he is a person who hides. - diff --git a/job/23/10.md b/job/23/10.md index fa25111578..c22d1035a9 100644 --- a/job/23/10.md +++ b/job/23/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job's actions are spoken of as if he is walking on a path. Alternate translation # I will come out like gold Job believes that the test will prove that he is as pure as refined gold. Alternate translation: "he will see that I am as pure as gold when anything not pure has been burned away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/23/11.md b/job/23/11.md index 168635446f..883baf5a39 100644 --- a/job/23/11.md +++ b/job/23/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job's obedience is spoken of as if he is walking in a path that God showed him. # turned not aside This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "followed it exactly" - diff --git a/job/23/12.md b/job/23/12.md index ce14472e64..8cdd7e1eb1 100644 --- a/job/23/12.md +++ b/job/23/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to the message that God spoke. Alternate translation: "that h # the words of his mouth Here God is represented by his "mouth." Alternate translation: "what he said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/23/13.md b/job/23/13.md index b76d353d71..058bd5ce23 100644 --- a/job/23/13.md +++ b/job/23/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job uses this question to emphasize that there is no one like God and no one can # What he desires, he does "He does whatever he wants to do" - diff --git a/job/23/14.md b/job/23/14.md index 62895f0f52..cab4a10ac6 100644 --- a/job/23/14.md +++ b/job/23/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # there are many like them "he has many similar plans for me" - diff --git a/job/23/15.md b/job/23/15.md index 0beb01e266..d81663acbd 100644 --- a/job/23/15.md +++ b/job/23/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking. - diff --git a/job/23/16.md b/job/23/16.md index 297275dd6b..6427f1c1eb 100644 --- a/job/23/16.md +++ b/job/23/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two lines mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Job is very afr # made my heart weak A person whose heart is weak is a person who is timid or fearful. Alternate translation: "made me afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/23/17.md b/job/23/17.md index 70fc69e6de..a4dadd82c6 100644 --- a/job/23/17.md +++ b/job/23/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "The thick darkness # the gloom of my face Here Job refers to himself by his "face." Alternate translation: "my sadness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/23/intro.md b/job/23/intro.md index 3c8674d6bf..489b9d94b0 100644 --- a/job/23/intro.md +++ b/job/23/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Job 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job's response to Eliphaz. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Court -This chapter uses an extended metaphor of a court case to describe Job's "case," which he seeks to bring to Yahweh, who is a judge. Cultures without a legal system will have difficulty translating this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +### Court + +This chapter uses an extended metaphor of a court case to describe Job's "case," which he seeks to bring to Yahweh, who is a judge. Cultures without a legal system will have difficulty translating this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: * __[Job 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/24/01.md b/job/24/01.md index bf085b7568..81c32d2bcd 100644 --- a/job/24/01.md +++ b/job/24/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job uses this question to express his frustration that God has not judged evil. # Why do not those who are faithful to God see his days of judgment come? Job uses this question to express his frustration that the righteous have not seen God judge evil. Alternate translation: "It seems that those who obey him never get to see him judge the wicked." or "God should show the day he will judge the wicked to those who know him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/24/02.md b/job/24/02.md index f74f725be9..2d7a95f9c9 100644 --- a/job/24/02.md +++ b/job/24/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are stones or other objects to mark the boundary between the lands owned b # pastures land with grass for animals to eat - diff --git a/job/24/03.md b/job/24/03.md index de718f3b40..c3df61fd6c 100644 --- a/job/24/03.md +++ b/job/24/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a woman whose husband has died # as a pledge A lender would take something from a borrower to ensure that the borrower pays him back. - diff --git a/job/24/04.md b/job/24/04.md index fbdbfb1480..819123bb2c 100644 --- a/job/24/04.md +++ b/job/24/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # poor people of the earth all hide themselves The word "all" is an exaggeration to show that many poor people are afraid of these wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/job/24/05.md b/job/24/05.md index cd2f13049b..9dae1c6989 100644 --- a/job/24/05.md +++ b/job/24/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These poor people are spoken of as if they are wild donkeys who do not know wher # wild donkeys "donkeys that no one owns or cares for" - diff --git a/job/24/06.md b/job/24/06.md index 4796452a09..72589a30a4 100644 --- a/job/24/06.md +++ b/job/24/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Reaping is the work of hired hands, while gleaning is the work of the landless p # fodder food for animals - diff --git a/job/24/07.md b/job/24/07.md index dcdafd25fc..1c1dffb063 100644 --- a/job/24/07.md +++ b/job/24/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They lie naked ... they have no covering These two lines describe the same thing and are used together to emphasize that these people do not have enough clothing to keep warm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/24/08.md b/job/24/08.md index 924f750633..58954d94b0 100644 --- a/job/24/08.md +++ b/job/24/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues speaking. # They are wet with the showers of the mountains "They become wet when it rains in the mountains" - diff --git a/job/24/09.md b/job/24/09.md index 05f2cce8d3..3be6949694 100644 --- a/job/24/09.md +++ b/job/24/09.md @@ -9,5 +9,3 @@ Here "breast" is a synecdoche for the mother. This can be translated in active f # The fatherless is "Fatherless children are" or "The orphan is" or "Orphans are" - - diff --git a/job/24/10.md b/job/24/10.md index f73433e7c7..0201598e72 100644 --- a/job/24/10.md +++ b/job/24/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "without clothing" mean the same thing as "naked." Alternate translati # they carry bundles of grain belonging to other people This means their work will provide food for others but not for themselves. - diff --git a/job/24/11.md b/job/24/11.md index 7dabd376bb..f873d6b3c4 100644 --- a/job/24/11.md +++ b/job/24/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It may be helpful to state that they do this to produce juice to make wine. Alte # they themselves suffer thirst "they suffer from thirst" or "they are thirsty" - diff --git a/job/24/12.md b/job/24/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/24/12.md +++ b/job/24/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/24/13.md b/job/24/13.md index 6767db274d..9230a04c93 100644 --- a/job/24/13.md +++ b/job/24/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings of "light" are 1) visible light or 2) spiritual light, which r # they know not its ways, nor do they stay in its paths These two lines describe the same thing, and are used together to emphasize that they do not want to follow the ways of the light. Alternate translation: "they do not know how to live a moral life; they stay far away from living a righteous life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/24/14.md b/job/24/14.md index f6a5dfbaf3..a0545dc9da 100644 --- a/job/24/14.md +++ b/job/24/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "poor" and "needy" refer to the same group of people and emphasize tha # he is like a thief The murderer kills in secret just like a thief steals without anyone seeing what he does. Alternate translation: "he kills people secretly, just like a thief steals secretly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/24/15.md b/job/24/15.md index 964c9fcb97..19025d9f4e 100644 --- a/job/24/15.md +++ b/job/24/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "eye" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "the adulterer" (S # No eye will see me Here "eye" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "No one will see me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/24/16.md b/job/24/16.md index d944cb9631..af5e93fbc7 100644 --- a/job/24/16.md +++ b/job/24/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They dig into the houses in order to steal what is in them. This can be stated e # they shut themselves up "they hide inside" - diff --git a/job/24/17.md b/job/24/17.md index 1bd6e077c1..1fb735d32b 100644 --- a/job/24/17.md +++ b/job/24/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The thick darkness is as comfortable for the wicked as light of the morning is f # the terrors of thick darkness "the scary things that happen at night" - diff --git a/job/24/18.md b/job/24/18.md index 60c5fc9bb5..c3d35f981c 100644 --- a/job/24/18.md +++ b/job/24/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Foam lasts only a short time. This emphasizes how quickly God will cause the wic # their portion of the land is cursed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God curses the part of the land that they own" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/24/19.md b/job/24/19.md index f9ec4998eb..6a1c3cd268 100644 --- a/job/24/19.md +++ b/job/24/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job says that sinners will disappear in Sheol in the same way as snow melts and # drought and heat These two words describe essentially the same weather and are used together to describe it fully. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/job/24/20.md b/job/24/20.md index 4a24f2e160..c73ac9ca23 100644 --- a/job/24/20.md +++ b/job/24/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will remember # wickedness will be broken like a tree God's destruction of the wicked man is describes as if he were cutting down a tree. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will destroy the wicked as if he were a tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/24/21.md b/job/24/21.md index c715555a11..bf375fa655 100644 --- a/job/24/21.md +++ b/job/24/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people of that day considered that a woman who was barren was cursed by God. # widow a woman whose husband has died - diff --git a/job/24/22.md b/job/24/22.md index b97ff7135b..fac9b3812e 100644 --- a/job/24/22.md +++ b/job/24/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "does not strengthen him in life" means God does not keep the mmighty alive # the mighty "mighty people" or, by implication, "the wicked" or "wicked people" - diff --git a/job/24/23.md b/job/24/23.md index f58e1bdb7f..613ee4ec10 100644 --- a/job/24/23.md +++ b/job/24/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # but his eyes are on his ways Here "eyes" are a synecdoche for God, whose eyes they are. Alternate translation: "but God is always watching what they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/24/24.md b/job/24/24.md index 1bd35f5990..6ffc67c531 100644 --- a/job/24/24.md +++ b/job/24/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. What "the others" refers to can be stated cle # they will be cut off like the tops of ears of grain These wicked people will be cut off in the same way heads of grain are cut off during harvest. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will cut them off like a farmer cuts off the top of a stalk of grain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/24/25.md b/job/24/25.md index c17b34b601..508a387811 100644 --- a/job/24/25.md +++ b/job/24/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses this question to express the certainty of his argument. The implicit an # make my speech worth nothing "prove what I say is wrong" - diff --git a/job/24/intro.md b/job/24/intro.md index f1957e0711..1abb732d89 100644 --- a/job/24/intro.md +++ b/job/24/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job's response to Eliphaz. It is a continuation of the previous chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Court -#### Court This chapter uses an extended metaphor of a court case to describe Job's "case," which he seeks to bring to Yahweh, who is a judge. Cultures without a legal system will have difficulty translating this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Eliphaz that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to * __[Job 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/25/01.md b/job/25/01.md index 85707cc889..13ede0df2e 100644 --- a/job/25/01.md +++ b/job/25/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bildad the Shuhite See how you translated this man's name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md). - diff --git a/job/25/02.md b/job/25/02.md index d8860fc881..6d879647fc 100644 --- a/job/25/02.md +++ b/job/25/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "him" refers to God. The abstract nouns "dominion" and "fear" can be stated # he makes order in his high places of heaven "he makes peace in the high heaven" - diff --git a/job/25/03.md b/job/25/03.md index bb4f0f4c3a..057ffb2837 100644 --- a/job/25/03.md +++ b/job/25/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bildad uses this question to emphasize how great God is. The implicit answer is # Upon whom does his light not shine? Bildad uses this question to emphasize that God gives light to every person. Alternate translation: "There is no one upon whom his light does not shine." or "God makes his light shine over everyone." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/25/04.md b/job/25/04.md index 5222802fd6..051defa984 100644 --- a/job/25/04.md +++ b/job/25/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The implicit reaction is that he cannot. Alternate translation: "He who is born # he who is born of a woman This idiom includes everyone. Alternate translation: "any person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/25/05.md b/job/25/05.md index ad45b3e7e8..fb033433cf 100644 --- a/job/25/05.md +++ b/job/25/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "brightness" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translat # the stars are not pure in his sight Here "pure" means "perfect." Alternate translation: "he does not think even the stars are perfect" - diff --git a/job/25/06.md b/job/25/06.md index 5d965c4656..063cb10348 100644 --- a/job/25/06.md +++ b/job/25/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bildad states that human beings are as worthless as worms. Alternate translation # a son of man This is another way of referring to a person. Alternate translation: "a person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/25/intro.md b/job/25/intro.md index ab0174756d..2cfc55ed18 100644 --- a/job/25/intro.md +++ b/job/25/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of the advice of Job's friend, Bildad. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's holiness and man's sin -#### God's holiness and man's sin Bildad describes the holiness of Yahweh and the universal nature of man's sinfulness. While his points are accurate, they are not convincing for Job because he has been righteous. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Bildad uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Bildad's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Bildad uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try * __[Job 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/26/01.md b/job/26/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/26/01.md +++ b/job/26/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/26/02.md b/job/26/02.md index 0dc36ad98d..600de93765 100644 --- a/job/26/02.md +++ b/job/26/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How you have helped one ... the arm that has no strength In these statements, Job is accusing Bildad. The word "one" refers to Job. And, the word "arm" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I am powerless and have no strength, but you act like you have helped me; but really, you have not helped me at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/26/03.md b/job/26/03.md index db24b4e358..7bf73caf05 100644 --- a/job/26/03.md +++ b/job/26/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job is saying that Bildad has not provided him with good advice and knowledge. A # announced to him sound wisdom "given him good advice" - diff --git a/job/26/04.md b/job/26/04.md index 7b8f98a863..36c2cecee6 100644 --- a/job/26/04.md +++ b/job/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # With whose help have you spoken these words? Whose spirit was it ... you? In these questions Job continues to mock Bildad. They are both rhetorical questions and have basically the same meaning. They are used together to strengthen each other. Alternate translation: "You must have had help speaking these words. Perhaps some spirit helped you speak them!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/26/05.md b/job/26/05.md index 45a165a23a..fc22119563 100644 --- a/job/26/05.md +++ b/job/26/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the dead people who tremble. # all who dwell in them This refers to the dead people who dwell in the waters. - diff --git a/job/26/06.md b/job/26/06.md index c73e021e35..2aab35a8fd 100644 --- a/job/26/06.md +++ b/job/26/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Sheol is spoken of as if it were a person. These two phrases have the same meani # destruction This is another name for sheol. Alternate translation: "the place of destruction" - diff --git a/job/26/07.md b/job/26/07.md index 5e58708f89..2005dc4d92 100644 --- a/job/26/07.md +++ b/job/26/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He stretches out the northern skies over the empty space The northern skies represent heaven, the place where God dwells with the beings he created to dwell there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/26/08.md b/job/26/08.md index aba66141a1..00117677c7 100644 --- a/job/26/08.md +++ b/job/26/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The clouds are compared to a large blanket in which God wraps the rainwater. Alt # but the clouds are not torn under them This can be stated actively. The word "them" refers to the waters. Alternate translation: "but the weight of the waters does not tear the clouds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/26/09.md b/job/26/09.md index 4d23e75c46..59b8d0a72b 100644 --- a/job/26/09.md +++ b/job/26/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and spreads his clouds on it This phrase tells how he covers the surface of the moon. Alternate translation: "by spreading his clouds in front of it" - diff --git a/job/26/10.md b/job/26/10.md index 8921ccf0d9..3376fabe30 100644 --- a/job/26/10.md +++ b/job/26/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He has engraved a circular boundary on the surface of the waters This speaks of the horizon, where the earth appears to meet the sky, as if God has marked a boundary on the ocean. - diff --git a/job/26/11.md b/job/26/11.md index 02a12fb03f..a5c9e86a97 100644 --- a/job/26/11.md +++ b/job/26/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The pillars of heaven tremble and are astonished at his rebuke People thought of heaven or the sky as resting on pillars. Job speaks as though the pillars are humans that shake in fear when God is angry. Alternate translation: "The pillars that hold up heaven shake in fear when God rebukes them" or "The pillars that hold up the sky shake like people who are afraid when God rebukes them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/26/12.md b/job/26/12.md index a5bf108218..2172f06dde 100644 --- a/job/26/12.md +++ b/job/26/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Rahab This is the name of a frightening monster that lived in the sea. See how you translated this in [Job 9:13](../09/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/26/13.md b/job/26/13.md index 915cc0fc53..e46878935f 100644 --- a/job/26/13.md +++ b/job/26/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that God his holding a sword, and here "his hand" represents that # the fleeing serpent "the serpent as it was trying to escape from him." This refers to Rahab, the monster in the sea. See [Job 26:12](../26/12.md). - diff --git a/job/26/14.md b/job/26/14.md index aea734c8d3..9f5650cbb1 100644 --- a/job/26/14.md +++ b/job/26/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an exclamation that expresses Job's amazement of all the great things th # Who can understand the thunder of his power? The "thunder of his power" represents God's greatness. Job uses this question to emphasize that God's power is so great that no one can understand it. Alternate translation: "The thunder displays the greatness of his power which no one can understand!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/26/intro.md b/job/26/intro.md index 7d812129a4..466ebd0e19 100644 --- a/job/26/intro.md +++ b/job/26/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Job 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job's response to Bildad. -This chapter begins a section continuing through chapter 31. +This chapter begins a section continuing through chapter 31. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's power -While Bildad describes Yahweh's power as being so much greater than Job's, Job understands the true extent of Yahweh's power. It is not just over Job's life, but over all of creation. +### Yahweh's power -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +While Bildad describes Yahweh's power as being so much greater than Job's, Job understands the true extent of Yahweh's power. It is not just over Job's life, but over all of creation. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Sarcasm -#### Sarcasm Job uses sarcasm in this chapter. This is the use of irony to insult Bildad. (See: [Job 1-4](./01.md) and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ Job uses sarcasm in this chapter. This is the use of irony to insult Bildad. (Se * __[Job 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/27/01.md b/job/27/01.md index 60f3cbe165..6388d9882b 100644 --- a/job/27/01.md +++ b/job/27/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # continued his discourse Or "continued speaking." If your language has a word for a series of proverbs or short teachings, you might want to use it for "discourse" here. - diff --git a/job/27/02.md b/job/27/02.md index 7270fa657a..b24f523a74 100644 --- a/job/27/02.md +++ b/job/27/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Justice is spoken of as if it were an object that could be taken away or given. # made my life bitter Job's "life" being bitter represents Job feeling resentful toward God. Alternate translation: "has caused me to become resentful" or "has made me feel angry because of the unfair way he has treated me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/27/03.md b/job/27/03.md index f24565a402..b351d82dc5 100644 --- a/job/27/03.md +++ b/job/27/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "life" can be expressed with the adjective "alive" or the verb # nostrils "nose" - diff --git a/job/27/04.md b/job/27/04.md index 30a4bdb32f..68420190ab 100644 --- a/job/27/04.md +++ b/job/27/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together to empha # speak wickedness ... speak deceit The abstract nouns "wickedness" and "deceit" can be expressed with "wickedly" and "deceitfully." Alternate translation: "speak wickedly ... speak deceitfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/27/05.md b/job/27/05.md index 4f907f67b8..54daa929be 100644 --- a/job/27/05.md +++ b/job/27/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" here is plural. It refers to Job's friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # I will never deny my integrity "I will never say that I am not innocent" or "I will always say that I am innocent" - diff --git a/job/27/06.md b/job/27/06.md index d6b46ef06f..c55a4b710e 100644 --- a/job/27/06.md +++ b/job/27/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "will not let it go" is a metaphor that represents not stopping saying some # my conscience will not accuse me so long as I live Here the phrase "my conscience" represents Job. Alternate translation: "even in my thoughts, I will not accuse myself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/27/07.md b/job/27/07.md index 7a9b30910a..a58d62fba1 100644 --- a/job/27/07.md +++ b/job/27/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ How he wants this person to be like an unrighteous man can be stated clearly. Al # him who rises up against me Here "rises up against me" is a metaphor meaning "opposes me." The whole phrase refers to Job's adversary. Alternate translation: "him who opposes me" or "my adversary" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/27/08.md b/job/27/08.md index e8b8a1b704..e279cbd084 100644 --- a/job/27/08.md +++ b/job/27/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a metaphor meaning "kills him" or "causes him to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta # takes away his life This is a metaphor meaning "kills him" or "makes him stop living" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/27/09.md b/job/27/09.md index 1de7998cca..11f2b6fe00 100644 --- a/job/27/09.md +++ b/job/27/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses this question to say that God will not help that person. This question # Will God hear his cry Here "hear his cry" represents responding to the godless man's cry and helping him. Alternate translation: "Will God respond to his cry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/27/10.md b/job/27/10.md index 1bf7d4b8e7..89a4107237 100644 --- a/job/27/10.md +++ b/job/27/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Will he delight himself in the Almighty and call upon God at all times? Job uses this question to say that the godless man will not do these things. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: "He will not delight himself in the Almighty and call upon God at all times." or "He will not be happy about what the Almighty does and he will not pray to God often." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/27/11.md b/job/27/11.md index 7fc87d1667..8322f688d6 100644 --- a/job/27/11.md +++ b/job/27/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's "hand" represents his power. Alternate translation: "the power of God" (Se # I will not conceal the thoughts of the Almighty The abstract noun "thoughts" can be expressed with the verb "think." Alternate translation: I will not hide from you what the Almighty thinks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/27/12.md b/job/27/12.md index 5c52f1a15f..430c8a3ba5 100644 --- a/job/27/12.md +++ b/job/27/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # why then have you become completely useless? Job uses this question to rebuke his friends for saying such foolish things. To become useless here is hyperbole for speaking useless words. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: "you should not have spoken so foolishly!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/job/27/13.md b/job/27/13.md index bb81620b1f..9473573589 100644 --- a/job/27/13.md +++ b/job/27/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the inheritance of the oppressor that he receives from the Almighty Here "the inheritance of the oppressor" is a metaphor representing what will happen to the oppressor. What God will do to him is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that God will give him. Alternate translation: "what the Almighty will do to the oppressor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/27/14.md b/job/27/14.md index cb85794ac4..34826b241f 100644 --- a/job/27/14.md +++ b/job/27/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is for the sword Here "the sword" represents dying in battle. Alternate translation: "they will die in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/27/15.md b/job/27/15.md index c65c9cfaba..e37a3fae89 100644 --- a/job/27/15.md +++ b/job/27/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "be buried" represents dying. Alternate translation: "will die by plague" ( # their widows ... them The words "their" and "them" refer to "Those who survive him," that is, the children of the wicked man. - diff --git a/job/27/16.md b/job/27/16.md index 47556db655..3c4ed65a44 100644 --- a/job/27/16.md +++ b/job/27/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heaps up" is a metonym meaning "gathers much." Job speaks as if the silver # heaps up clothing like clay Here "heaps up" is a metonym meaning "gathers much." Job speaks as if the clothing were as easy to get as clay. Alternate translation: "gathers large piles of clothing" or "gathers clothing as easily as he could gather clay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/27/17.md b/job/27/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/27/17.md +++ b/job/27/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/27/18.md b/job/27/18.md index 2676d482db..269392ed34 100644 --- a/job/27/18.md +++ b/job/27/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A spider web is fragile and easily destroyed. Alternate translation: "He builds # like a hut A hut is a temporary house that is also not very strong. Alternate translation: "like a temporary hut" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/27/19.md b/job/27/19.md index 568b2dd2a2..ea436d29d6 100644 --- a/job/27/19.md +++ b/job/27/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Opening his eyes represents waking up in the morning. Alternate translation: "he # everything is gone "all of his riches are gone" or "everything has vanished" - diff --git a/job/27/20.md b/job/27/20.md index 3e8e147b03..50a800fba5 100644 --- a/job/27/20.md +++ b/job/27/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "waters" refers to a flood. Floods can happen very suddenly when people # a storm takes him away "a violent wind blows him away" - diff --git a/job/27/21.md b/job/27/21.md index c0fc542d16..cbeea84365 100644 --- a/job/27/21.md +++ b/job/27/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of the wind blowing the wicked man out of his house as if the wind we # his place "his home" - diff --git a/job/27/22.md b/job/27/22.md index f196d4905b..08f4e95d10 100644 --- a/job/27/22.md +++ b/job/27/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the phrase "throws itself at him" represents the wind blowing strong agains # he tries to flee out of its hand Here "hand" represents the power or control that the wind has over the wicked man. Alternate translation: "he tries to flee out of its control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/27/23.md b/job/27/23.md index bd88ab7ed0..4cbc14edc7 100644 --- a/job/27/23.md +++ b/job/27/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Clapping the hands is a way of mocking someone. Here it represents the wind maki # hisses him from his place The wind makes a noise as it blows him out of his place, and the noise is like the hissing sound that people make to mock someone. Alternate translation: "it makes a hissing noise as it causes him to leave his home" or "it blows him out of his place and makes a hissing noise like someone who hisses at him to mock him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/27/intro.md b/job/27/intro.md index 4bc962426d..09c6b18744 100644 --- a/job/27/intro.md +++ b/job/27/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Job 27 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's response to Bildad. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Job's righteousness -#### Job's righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Instead, he recognizes Yahweh's authority. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Instead, he * __[Job 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/28/01.md b/job/28/01.md index 1977344686..72e5637a30 100644 --- a/job/28/01.md +++ b/job/28/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a place where people dig rocks out of the earth. These rocks have metal # refine This is the process of heating a metal to remove all of the impurities that are in it. - diff --git a/job/28/02.md b/job/28/02.md index 0444d02253..29ad9d03d5 100644 --- a/job/28/02.md +++ b/job/28/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ an important red-brown colored metal # smelted This is a process of heating rocks to melt the metal in them in order to get the metal out of the rocks. - diff --git a/job/28/03.md b/job/28/03.md index 539a07f115..77c78d6497 100644 --- a/job/28/03.md +++ b/job/28/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sets an end to darkness" represents shining a light in the darkness. Peopl # to the farthest limit "to the farthest parts of the mine" - diff --git a/job/28/04.md b/job/28/04.md index 2443bdba45..bb29e4b0f2 100644 --- a/job/28/04.md +++ b/job/28/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The foot is spoken of as if it is a person who can remember. Alternate translati # He hangs far away from people How and where he hangs can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Far away from people, he hangs from a rope in the shaft" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/28/05.md b/job/28/05.md index 74cfca9f58..2570b53927 100644 --- a/job/28/05.md +++ b/job/28/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) people made fires under the ground to break apart # it is turned The word "it" refers to the earth. - diff --git a/job/28/06.md b/job/28/06.md index 6da2633498..489c4b0bd7 100644 --- a/job/28/06.md +++ b/job/28/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "its" refers to the earth. # sapphires a rare and valuable blue gemstone - diff --git a/job/28/07.md b/job/28/07.md index 9fdeae06db..b964eaf89d 100644 --- a/job/28/07.md +++ b/job/28/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a bird that eats other animals # falcon This may also be translated "hawk." Both are birds that hunt and eat other animals. You may translate this with a similar bird from your culture. - diff --git a/job/28/08.md b/job/28/08.md index 52c9baae99..2055580037 100644 --- a/job/28/08.md +++ b/job/28/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These clauses also express similar meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-para # The proud animals This refers to very strong, wild animals. - diff --git a/job/28/09.md b/job/28/09.md index 1bcb4c0993..2766a3a424 100644 --- a/job/28/09.md +++ b/job/28/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents breaking up the rock. Alternate translation: "digs into the flin # he overturns mountains by their roots Digging up the mountains and the ground underneath them is a metaphor from digging out weeds or trees, an exaggeration that represents digging minerals out of the ground. Alternate translation: "he turns the mountains upside down by pulling out their roots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/28/10.md b/job/28/10.md index 8633dd022a..636591867b 100644 --- a/job/28/10.md +++ b/job/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his eye sees Here "his eye" represents him. Alternate translation: "he sees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/28/11.md b/job/28/11.md index bce2dd2e0d..41dc46cd31 100644 --- a/job/28/11.md +++ b/job/28/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "ties up the streams" means damming or blocking the streams. Alternate tran # what is hidden there This refers to things that people normally do not see because they are in the ground or underwater. - diff --git a/job/28/12.md b/job/28/12.md index f7f660bbf7..588eeb0164 100644 --- a/job/28/12.md +++ b/job/28/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These questions mean the same thing and are used to show that it is very difficu # Where will wisdom be found? Where is the place of understanding Becoming wise and understanding is spoken of as finding wisdom and understanding. Alternate translation: "How do people become wise? How do people learn to understand things well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/28/13.md b/job/28/13.md index 6f551b82dc..0f49fd71e1 100644 --- a/job/28/13.md +++ b/job/28/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) wisdom is spoken of as if it were something that people # neither is it found in the land of the living "and it is not found in the land of the living." The "land of the living" refers to this world where people live. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and no one can find wisdom in this world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/28/14.md b/job/28/14.md index edbe62ad6d..e2aca33655 100644 --- a/job/28/14.md +++ b/job/28/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The deep waters ... say, 'It is not in me'; the sea says, 'It is not with me.' The deep waters and the sea are presented as if they are people that can speak. Alternate translation: "Wisdom is not in the deep waters under the earth, nor is it in the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/28/15.md b/job/28/15.md index 1b274a4502..b5413958b2 100644 --- a/job/28/15.md +++ b/job/28/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. This implies that wisdom is worth much more t # neither can silver be weighed as its price This implies that wisdom is worth much more than silver. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and people cannot weigh out enough silver to pay for wisdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/28/16.md b/job/28/16.md index 5038929f90..8a1d17bb8d 100644 --- a/job/28/16.md +++ b/job/28/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a valuable black gemstone # sapphire a valuable blue gemstone - diff --git a/job/28/17.md b/job/28/17.md index 19df76f2fd..3cba77251a 100644 --- a/job/28/17.md +++ b/job/28/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a valuable gemstone that is clear or lightly colored # exchanged "traded" - diff --git a/job/28/18.md b/job/28/18.md index 0a0159b235..9f540a126f 100644 --- a/job/28/18.md +++ b/job/28/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a beautiful, hard substance that grows on ocean reefs. (See: [[rc://en/t # jasper ... rubies These are valuable gemstones. - diff --git a/job/28/19.md b/job/28/19.md index 3c9166176f..b9ba6db59c 100644 --- a/job/28/19.md +++ b/job/28/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a valuable gemstone. # neither can it be valued in terms of pure gold "and wisdom cannot be valued in terms of pure gold." This implies that wisdom is much more valuable than pure gold. - diff --git a/job/28/20.md b/job/28/20.md index 837893861d..b315af1434 100644 --- a/job/28/20.md +++ b/job/28/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Wisdom is spoken of as if it were in a place and comes to people. Its coming rep # Where is the place of understanding Understanding is spoken of as if it were in a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/28/21.md b/job/28/21.md index fcde487f9c..4279c3d9e8 100644 --- a/job/28/21.md +++ b/job/28/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that living things are unable to see wisdom. It can be expressed in a # is kept hidden from the birds of the heavens This means that the birds are unable to see wisdom. This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "even the birds that fly in the skies cannot see wisdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/28/22.md b/job/28/22.md index 808c34273b..c50d052d41 100644 --- a/job/28/22.md +++ b/job/28/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Destruction and Death say Here "Destruction" and "Death" are spoken of as if they are living things who can speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/28/23.md b/job/28/23.md index e528c82410..a5403923ac 100644 --- a/job/28/23.md +++ b/job/28/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God understands the way to it; he knows its place Wisdom is spoken of as if it were in a certain place. Alternate translation: "God knows how to find wisdom. He knows where it is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/28/24.md b/job/28/24.md index bbc6af0128..b1282ed9ca 100644 --- a/job/28/24.md +++ b/job/28/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the very ends of the earth "the farthest places on the earth" - diff --git a/job/28/25.md b/job/28/25.md index 2b7a495428..76d8b6b0bd 100644 --- a/job/28/25.md +++ b/job/28/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # parceled out the waters by measure This describes God deciding how much water should be in each place. Possible meanings are that this refers to deciding 1) how much rain should be in each cloud or 2) how much water should be in each sea. Alternate translation: "decided how much water should be in each place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/28/26.md b/job/28/26.md index 3d013402db..213d131a9f 100644 --- a/job/28/26.md +++ b/job/28/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a path for the thunder "he decided how the thunder can be heard" or "he decided the path of the thunderstorm" - diff --git a/job/28/27.md b/job/28/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/28/27.md +++ b/job/28/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/28/28.md b/job/28/28.md index 14e8a3b68b..6da3a92ec4 100644 --- a/job/28/28.md +++ b/job/28/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "fear" can be expressed with the verbs "fear" or "respect." Th # to depart from evil is understanding Here "depart from evil" means refusing to do evil things. The abstract noun "understanding" can be expressed with the verb "understand." Alternate translation: "if you refuse to do evil, then you will understand many things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/28/intro.md b/job/28/intro.md index 7f905ed07a..8d7b91cb15 100644 --- a/job/28/intro.md +++ b/job/28/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Job 28 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's response to Bildad. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's wisdom +### Yahweh's wisdom Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Instead, he recognizes Yahweh's wisdom and authority. This chapter especially focuses on Yahweh's wisdom as he controls the circumstances of Job's life. Men cannot understand because they do not have Yahweh's wisdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Instead, he * __[Job 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/29/01.md b/job/29/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/29/01.md +++ b/job/29/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/29/02.md b/job/29/02.md index b9357e44c7..d1a3664c19 100644 --- a/job/29/02.md +++ b/job/29/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Oh, that I were as I was in the past months Job uses this exclamation to express a wish. Alternate translation: "I wish that I were as I was in past months" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/job/29/03.md b/job/29/03.md index 053fb09302..3db05e3b06 100644 --- a/job/29/03.md +++ b/job/29/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's lamp shining on Job represents God blessing Job. Alternate translation: "w # when I walked through darkness by his light Walking through darkness represents experiencing difficult situations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/29/04.md b/job/29/04.md index fa141470c1..a53c442c6d 100644 --- a/job/29/04.md +++ b/job/29/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of when he was young and strong as if his days were the time when the # when the friendship of God was on my tent The abstract noun "friendship" can be expressed with the noun "friend." The word "tent" represents Job's home. Alternate translation: "when God was my friend and protected my home" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/29/05.md b/job/29/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/29/05.md +++ b/job/29/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/29/06.md b/job/29/06.md index cfcf7241ac..6b8ebff291 100644 --- a/job/29/06.md +++ b/job/29/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and the rock poured out for me streams of oil "and the rock poured out streams of oil for me." Job uses this exaggeration to express that he had many olive vines and great amounts of olive oil. The rock is where his servants pressed the oil out of the olives. Alternate translation: "when my servants pressed out a great amount of olive oil" or "when oil flowed like streams from the pressing rock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/29/07.md b/job/29/07.md index 3b70a03593..3e83ef3af3 100644 --- a/job/29/07.md +++ b/job/29/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # city square This is an open area in a village or city where two or more streets meet. - diff --git a/job/29/08.md b/job/29/08.md index c2cfeb9d66..9a016b532e 100644 --- a/job/29/08.md +++ b/job/29/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rose and stood for me This is a symbol of respect. It can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "rose and stood respectfully for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/29/09.md b/job/29/09.md index f066147b16..63ac49a75a 100644 --- a/job/29/09.md +++ b/job/29/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a sign of respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) # they would lay their hand on their mouths They did this to show that they would not speak. This was a sign of their respect for Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/29/10.md b/job/29/10.md index 63f6305329..ca4782e837 100644 --- a/job/29/10.md +++ b/job/29/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The noblemen hushed t # their tongue clung to the roof of their mouths This represents them having so much respect for Job that they had nothing to say. Alternate translation: "they felt that they were unable to speak" or "they had nothing to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/29/11.md b/job/29/11.md index 43a2628f57..4d9a0ba99a 100644 --- a/job/29/11.md +++ b/job/29/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The ears represent those who heard him, and the eyes represent those who saw him # they would then give witness to me and approve of me "they would witness approvingly of me" - diff --git a/job/29/12.md b/job/29/12.md index 40ab905d0d..08500ebe04 100644 --- a/job/29/12.md +++ b/job/29/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I rescued the one who was poor when he cried out Here "the one who was poor" refers to any poor person. Alternate translation: "I used to rescue poor people who cried out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/job/29/13.md b/job/29/13.md index d9f671cabe..e2c146d56f 100644 --- a/job/29/13.md +++ b/job/29/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents anyone who was about to die. Alternate translation: "those who w # I caused the widow's heart to sing for joy Here "the widow's heart" represents any widow. Alternate translation: "I caused widows to sing joyfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/job/29/14.md b/job/29/14.md index 210d5679d5..fff58655ea 100644 --- a/job/29/14.md +++ b/job/29/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People often spoke of justice as if it were clothing. Alternate translation: "I # turban a long cloth that men wrap around their heads and wear as a hat - diff --git a/job/29/15.md b/job/29/15.md index f9b22a69c6..b79929a417 100644 --- a/job/29/15.md +++ b/job/29/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents helping blind people. Alternate translation: "I was like eyes fo # I was feet to lame people This represents helping blind people. Alternate translation: "I was like feet for lame people" or "I supported lame people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/29/16.md b/job/29/16.md index d702b3fd43..9e7eeb2dad 100644 --- a/job/29/16.md +++ b/job/29/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I was a father to needy people Here "I was a father" represents providing for people. Alternate translation: "I provided for needy people as a father provides for his children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/29/17.md b/job/29/17.md index c3ba3ba849..b264bec044 100644 --- a/job/29/17.md +++ b/job/29/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 18-20 Job tells about the things he used to say before bad things happ # I broke the jaws of ... I plucked the victim Job speaks of unrighteous people who persecute others as if they were wild animals that attack their victims by picking them up between their teeth. Alternate translation: "I made unrighteous people stop persecuting people, like someone who breaks the jaw of a wild animal and rescues its victim from between its teeth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/29/18.md b/job/29/18.md index dcc6dd71c9..5b16e41932 100644 --- a/job/29/18.md +++ b/job/29/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "nest" represents Job's home and family. Job used to speak as if he were a # I will multiply my days like the grains of sand There are more grains of sand on the shore than anyone can count. To say that he would live more days than anyone could count is an exaggeration to express that he would live a very long time. Alternate translation: "I will live a very long time" or "I will live many years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/29/19.md b/job/29/19.md index 01fabd7397..0e5d07078a 100644 --- a/job/29/19.md +++ b/job/29/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My roots ... my branches Job used to speak of his strength as if he were strong like a well-watered tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/29/20.md b/job/29/20.md index 13f8a059e9..f9278f7032 100644 --- a/job/29/20.md +++ b/job/29/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "honor" can be expressed with the verb "honor." Here "fresh" r # the bow of my strength is always new in my hand A new bow is very strong. Job's bow of strength in his hand represents his physical strength. Alternate translation: "I am always strong like a new bow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/29/21.md b/job/29/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/29/21.md +++ b/job/29/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/29/22.md b/job/29/22.md index a6aded4c05..9c8a4e50b4 100644 --- a/job/29/22.md +++ b/job/29/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my speech dropped like water on them Here "dropped like water on them" represents refreshing the people who heard him. The abstract noun "speech" can be translated with the verb "speak" or "say." Alternate translation: "my speech refreshed their hearts as drops of water refresh people's bodies" or "what I said to them refreshed them like drops of water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/29/23.md b/job/29/23.md index 20749e5020..19bf817f18 100644 --- a/job/29/23.md +++ b/job/29/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents waiting eagerly for Job to speak in order to benefit from what s # the latter rain This refers to the large amount of rain that falls just before the dry season. - diff --git a/job/29/24.md b/job/29/24.md index 08fbfc16b1..78f2da698d 100644 --- a/job/29/24.md +++ b/job/29/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that the purpose of smiling was to encourage them. Alte # the light of my face This represents the kindness they saw in Job's face. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/29/25.md b/job/29/25.md index 7091a71a83..7e166957e5 100644 --- a/job/29/25.md +++ b/job/29/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Job speaks of how he led the people and how they obeyed him as if he were a king # like one who comforts mourners This phrase means that Job actually was one who comforted people. Alternate translation: "I comforted them when they mourned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/29/intro.md b/job/29/intro.md index e3391dc53a..6e3d988e8d 100644 --- a/job/29/intro.md +++ b/job/29/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Job 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's statement, but now it is directly addressed to Yahweh. +The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's statement, but now it is directly addressed to Yahweh. -In this chapter, Job recalls the days before Yahweh's blessings were taken from him. This is only one part of Job's argument that continues for the next 3 chapters. +In this chapter, Job recalls the days before Yahweh's blessings were taken from him. This is only one part of Job's argument that continues for the next 3 chapters. ## Links: * __[Job 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/30/01.md b/job/30/01.md index 5ba1fead59..9d6b6112e3 100644 --- a/job/30/01.md +++ b/job/30/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This shows how much he despised those fathers. They were not even good enough to # the dogs of my flock The dogs' relationship to the flock can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the dogs that guarded my flock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/30/02.md b/job/30/02.md index bd24081475..8a2959f0b7 100644 --- a/job/30/02.md +++ b/job/30/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses this question to mock the weakness of those men. Alternate translation: # men in whom the strength of their mature age had perished Their strength perishing is a metaphor that represents no longer being strong but weak. The phrase "mature age" refers to them being old. Alternate translation: "men who had become old and had no strength" or "men who had become old and weak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/30/03.md b/job/30/03.md index 539027732e..035be89a24 100644 --- a/job/30/03.md +++ b/job/30/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "poverty" can be expressed with the word "poor." The abstract # they gnawed at the dry ground Possible meanings are that 1) "dry ground" is a metonym for the dry roots that grow in the ground. Alternate translation: "they chewed on the dry roots they found in the ground" or 2) "gnawed at the dried ground" is a metonym for eating whatever they could find in the dry ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/30/04.md b/job/30/04.md index 74cb993d25..b8b2fc57ec 100644 --- a/job/30/04.md +++ b/job/30/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are plants that people would eat only if they could find nothing better. # the roots of the broom tree were their food Possible meanings are 1) the people ate the roots of the broom tree or 2) the people warmed themselves by burning the roots of broom trees. - diff --git a/job/30/05.md b/job/30/05.md index 1c435cf061..66f9ff01fa 100644 --- a/job/30/05.md +++ b/job/30/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "were driven out" means "were forced to leave." These phrases can be # shouted after them as one would shout after a thief "shouted at them as though they were thieves" - diff --git a/job/30/06.md b/job/30/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/30/06.md +++ b/job/30/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/30/07.md b/job/30/07.md index 51b35117a3..595be3fba8 100644 --- a/job/30/07.md +++ b/job/30/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job speaks of the men crying out in hunger as if they were wild donkeys making a # they gathered together under the nettles "Nettles" are bushes with sharp thorns. This implies that they did not have a home. - diff --git a/job/30/08.md b/job/30/08.md index 7afc408ed1..a5a4a189dd 100644 --- a/job/30/08.md +++ b/job/30/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) the idea of whips im # They were driven out of the land Here "the land" refers to the land where they lived before they were forced to go out to the wilderness. - diff --git a/job/30/09.md b/job/30/09.md index 7bea9f8203..7725f86203 100644 --- a/job/30/09.md +++ b/job/30/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "song" can be expressed with the verb "sing." Alternate transl # I have become a byword for them Here "byword" is a metonym for the person about whom people make cruel jokes. Alternate translation: "I am now one whom they make cruel jokes about" or "They joke and say cruel things about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/30/10.md b/job/30/10.md index 382d7059a5..867e7efc48 100644 --- a/job/30/10.md +++ b/job/30/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they do not refrain from spitting in my face This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "they even spit in my face" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/job/30/11.md b/job/30/11.md index 44129386c4..d2dfb87c7b 100644 --- a/job/30/11.md +++ b/job/30/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A bow that is unstrung is not useful. The phrase "has unstrung the string of my # cast off restraint before my face A restraint keeps a person from moving freely and doing what he wants. Here "restraint" represents refraining from doing something, and "cast off restraint" represents not refraining from doing something. In this case the mockers did not refrain from being cruel to Job. Alternate translation: "do not refrain from being cruel to me" or "do whatever cruel things they want to do to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/30/12.md b/job/30/12.md index 73135ff7ec..274549c84a 100644 --- a/job/30/12.md +++ b/job/30/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Job continues to speak about the people who were mocking him. # pile up against me their siege mounds Armies would pile up mounds of dirt along a city's wall in order to climb over the wall and attack the city. Job speaks of the mockers preparing to attack him as if they were doing that. Alternate translation: "prepare to attack me like an army that prepares to attack a city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/30/13.md b/job/30/13.md index c543f7b37c..da4a0f9f78 100644 --- a/job/30/13.md +++ b/job/30/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "push forward disaster" represents trying to make disaster happen. Alternat # men who have no one to hold them back Here "hold them back" represents stopping them from doing something. Alternate translation: "men who have no one to stop them from attacking me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/30/14.md b/job/30/14.md index 215a5a4c41..74f16c68ce 100644 --- a/job/30/14.md +++ b/job/30/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents attacking Job forcefully. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile # they roll themselves in on me This represents many coming to attack him at once, like giant ocean waves rolling in on him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/30/15.md b/job/30/15.md index 11a34b4e24..1efb3c1cac 100644 --- a/job/30/15.md +++ b/job/30/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job speaks of suddenly having no honor as if the wind had blown it from him. Alt # my prosperity passes away as a cloud Job speaks of his prosperity ending as if it were a cloud that was blown away. Here "prosperity" may refer to well-being or safety. Alternate translation: "I no longer prosper at all" or "I am no longer safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/30/16.md b/job/30/16.md index ccf1d0919e..3d0f51d849 100644 --- a/job/30/16.md +++ b/job/30/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks as if his life were a liquid and his body were a container. He feels # many days of suffering have laid hold on me Job speaks of his continuous suffering as if the days of suffering have grabbed hold of him. Alternate translation: "I suffer many days, and the suffering does not end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/30/17.md b/job/30/17.md index 16ef5fe743..d7b50c4fe5 100644 --- a/job/30/17.md +++ b/job/30/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of the pain in his bones as if his bones were being pierced. Alternat # the pains that gnaw at me take no rest Job speaks of his constant pain as if it were alive and biting him and refuses to rest. Alternate translation: "the pains that cause me to suffer do not stop" or "I am in constant pain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/30/18.md b/job/30/18.md index 355950450f..fd6dc2353d 100644 --- a/job/30/18.md +++ b/job/30/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The image of God's force seizing Job is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) it # it wraps around me like the collar of my tunic The image of God's force wrapping around Job is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) it represents Job's pain. Alternate translation: "he wraps the collar of my tunic tightly around me" or 2) it represents God's causing Job's many problems. Alternate translation: "It is as though he grabs me by the collar of my tunic" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/30/19.md b/job/30/19.md index c50bf9e65f..7b799d1c9e 100644 --- a/job/30/19.md +++ b/job/30/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job says that God has humiliated him. Alternate translation: "It is as though he # I have become like dust and ashes This represents Job's feeling of being worthless. Alternate translation: "I have become as worthless as dust and ashes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/30/20.md b/job/30/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/30/20.md +++ b/job/30/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/30/21.md b/job/30/21.md index 6560e06821..5d39ccff0f 100644 --- a/job/30/21.md +++ b/job/30/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word means unkind. # with the might of your hand you persecute me The word "hand" represents God's power. Alternate translation: "you persecute me with your power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/30/22.md b/job/30/22.md index bb5c602b19..f802aed39b 100644 --- a/job/30/22.md +++ b/job/30/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These expressions represent the extreme suffering that God made Job endure. (See # cause it to drive me along "cause the wind to push me along" - diff --git a/job/30/23.md b/job/30/23.md index ac6425693a..34e60eba91 100644 --- a/job/30/23.md +++ b/job/30/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job speaks of the world of the dead as if it were a house to which God has appoi # all the living That is, all things now alive, but that will die one day. - diff --git a/job/30/24.md b/job/30/24.md index 556928dbc2..d7e217cd35 100644 --- a/job/30/24.md +++ b/job/30/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job uses these questions to justify himself for crying out to God for help. Alte # does no one reach out with his hand to beg for help when he falls? Does no one in trouble call out for help? Some versions interpret these questions as Job complaining that God has reached out with his hand to harm Job when Job was in trouble and crying out for help. Alternate translation: "Surely no one would reach out with his hand against someone who falls and calls out for help." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/30/25.md b/job/30/25.md index 935b88de94..89472e1665 100644 --- a/job/30/25.md +++ b/job/30/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job uses these questions to remind God of how Job had done good to others. A: "Y # him whose day is hard Here the word "day" is a synecdoche for the person's life, and "hard" here means "difficult." Alternate translation: "him whose life is difficult" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/30/26.md b/job/30/26.md index 02f2dfb993..12a3a35567 100644 --- a/job/30/26.md +++ b/job/30/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Looking for good represents hoping for good things, and evil coming represents e # I waited for light ... darkness came Here "light" represents God's blessing and favor and "darkness" represents trouble and suffering. Alternate translation: "I waited for the light of God's blessing, but instead I experienced the darkness of suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/30/27.md b/job/30/27.md index e509ff5682..129b8934fa 100644 --- a/job/30/27.md +++ b/job/30/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of his heart as if it were a person. Alternate translation: "I am tro # days of affliction have come on me Days of affliction coming on Job represents Job experiencing affliction for many days. Alternate translation: "I experience affliction many days" or "I suffer every day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/30/28.md b/job/30/28.md index 799bdfc4c6..8ab2bd6ecd 100644 --- a/job/30/28.md +++ b/job/30/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "have gone about" represents living. Alternate translation: "I have lived" # like one who was living in the dark, but not because of the sun Here "living in the dark" is a metaphor that represents being extremely sad. The phrase "but not because of the sun" clarifies that "living in the dark" is a metaphor, that is, the darkness is not caused by the sun being hidden. Alternate translation: "like one who is terribly sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/30/29.md b/job/30/29.md index 22b5bf9b71..09e33fc585 100644 --- a/job/30/29.md +++ b/job/30/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a brother to jackals, a companion of ostriches Being a brother to these animals is a metaphor for being like them. Alternate translation: "I am like jackals and ostriches that cry out in the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/30/30.md b/job/30/30.md index f451a8bbd1..c2438fd42c 100644 --- a/job/30/30.md +++ b/job/30/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "bones" refers to the whole body, which suffers from fever. (See: [[rc://en # heat Another possible meaning is "fever." - diff --git a/job/30/31.md b/job/30/31.md index cc71932ca3..09a8a69bbf 100644 --- a/job/30/31.md +++ b/job/30/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "my flute" represents Job himself, and also his desire to sing only songs o # wail To wail is to cry very loudly because of terrible sadness or pain. - diff --git a/job/30/intro.md b/job/30/intro.md index a4283204bc..a4a76a87c6 100644 --- a/job/30/intro.md +++ b/job/30/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Job 30 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's statement, but now it is directly addressed to Yahweh. +The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's statement, but now it is directly addressed to Yahweh. In this chapter, Job laments his current condition as others insult him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ In this chapter, Job laments his current condition as others insult him. (See: [ * __[Job 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/31/01.md b/job/31/01.md index e17e3faba9..9360e6c7e8 100644 --- a/job/31/01.md +++ b/job/31/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ What job promised can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "I made a promis # how then should I look with desire on a virgin? Job uses this question to emphasize that he would never break his promise. Alternate translation: "So I certainly will not look with lust at a virgin." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/31/02.md b/job/31/02.md index d4230b58a0..016ebce6e3 100644 --- a/job/31/02.md +++ b/job/31/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job speaks of God's response to people's behavior as if it were the portion of a # For what is the portion from God above, the inheritance from the Almighty on high? Possible meanings are Job uses this question to emphasize 1) that God will not bless bad behavior. Alternate translation: "For if I look lustfully on a woman, God Almighty on high will not bless me." or 2) that God will punish bad behavior. Alternate translation: "For if I look lustfully on a woman, God Almighty on high will certainly punish me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/31/03.md b/job/31/03.md index 2e9ff69ae7..2f595a7eda 100644 --- a/job/31/03.md +++ b/job/31/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Job continues speaking. - diff --git a/job/31/04.md b/job/31/04.md index 2a76d6a240..a298068d60 100644 --- a/job/31/04.md +++ b/job/31/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my ways" and "my steps" are metaphors for Job's behavior. Here "see my way # Does not God see my ways and count all my steps? Job may be implying that God should know that Job is righteous and does not deserve calamity and disaster. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/31/05.md b/job/31/05.md index 5e1dcfa2f0..d411939cc7 100644 --- a/job/31/05.md +++ b/job/31/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In 31:5-40 Job describes different situations in which he would deserve God's pu # have walked with falsehood, if my foot has hurried to deceit Here "walked" and "hurried" are metaphors that represent how Job lived. Alternate translation: "have done anything false or purposely deceived anyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/31/06.md b/job/31/06.md index 183fb4c3fc..214b14bf1d 100644 --- a/job/31/06.md +++ b/job/31/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let me be weighed in an even balance People used balances to weigh items and to determine their value. This image represents judging honestly. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "let me be judged honestly" or "let God judge me honestly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/31/07.md b/job/31/07.md index fb418816a2..f0568264ac 100644 --- a/job/31/07.md +++ b/job/31/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "my heart" and "my eyes" are metonyms for what Job desires and sees. The he # if any spot has stuck to my hands This is a metaphor for being guilty. Alternate translation: "if I am guilty of any sin at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/31/08.md b/job/31/08.md index 4a00098cd4..0fdd980423 100644 --- a/job/31/08.md +++ b/job/31/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job is saying that if he really has sinned, then this bad thing should happen to # let my crops be uprooted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "let someone else come and take the harvest from my field" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/31/09.md b/job/31/09.md index 208350b388..a2f8077d71 100644 --- a/job/31/09.md +++ b/job/31/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "my heart" represents Job. Here the word "deceived" expresses the idea of " # if I have lain in wait at my neighbor's door It can be stated clearly why he was waiting at his neighbor's door. Alternate translation: "if I have waited at my neighbor's door so I could sleep with his wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/31/10.md b/job/31/10.md index 150d420233..c7b15f7b49 100644 --- a/job/31/10.md +++ b/job/31/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then let my wife grind grain for another Possible meanings are 1) this is an euphemism which means Job is saying may his wife sleep with another man or 2) it means she will become a slave and work for another man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/job/31/11.md b/job/31/11.md index 5cb61b2dcb..4965fd41ee 100644 --- a/job/31/11.md +++ b/job/31/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "that" refers to Job sleeping with another woman. # it would be a crime to be punished by judges This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it would be a crime for which judges should punish me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/31/12.md b/job/31/12.md index 69ca046514..2bd8b66145 100644 --- a/job/31/12.md +++ b/job/31/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words are probably a metaphor for "destroys everything so I have nothing g # it would burn all my harvest to the root The word "it" here refers to the action sleeping with another man's wife. This action is a metonym for the punishment that Job would suffer as a result of the action. A fire burning up his harvest is a synecdoche for losing everything he has worked for. Alternate translation: "those who punish me would take away everything I have worked for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/31/13.md b/job/31/13.md index d9e87a929b..e7651ed411 100644 --- a/job/31/13.md +++ b/job/31/13.md @@ -5,6 +5,3 @@ Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God's punishment, # my male servant or my female servant These two items refer to Job's servants in general, not to any particular male or female servant, and so may be combined: "my male or female servant" or "any of my servants." - - - diff --git a/job/31/14.md b/job/31/14.md index 4919150aaf..b0265a327c 100644 --- a/job/31/14.md +++ b/job/31/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what then would I do when God rises up to accuse me? When he comes to judge me, how would I answer him? Job uses these questions to emphasize that if God were to judge him, Job would not be able to make himself appear to be good. Alternate translation: "then there would be absolutely nothing I could say to defend myself when God comes to judge me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/31/15.md b/job/31/15.md index 7dd393f7a3..fa78b25505 100644 --- a/job/31/15.md +++ b/job/31/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did the one who made me in the womb not make them also? Did not the same one mold us all in the womb? Job uses these questions to emphasize that he is no different from his servants. He implies that God would be angry if Job were to treat his servants as less valuable than himself. Alternate translation: "The one who made me in the womb also made them. He formed us all in the womb." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/31/16.md b/job/31/16.md index 7a3ec5eac9..0b93fd64b1 100644 --- a/job/31/16.md +++ b/job/31/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God's punishment, # if I have caused the eyes of the widow to grow dim from crying Here "to grow dim" refers to the widow having bad eyesight from crying a lot. Alternate translation: "if I have caused a widow to cry in great sadness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/31/17.md b/job/31/17.md index 316fca74e1..4f0dd2ac5e 100644 --- a/job/31/17.md +++ b/job/31/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my morsel "my food" - diff --git a/job/31/18.md b/job/31/18.md index 44aabf3a3a..c0d5080f64 100644 --- a/job/31/18.md +++ b/job/31/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "But I have done none of those things" is understood from the context # I have guided his mother, a widow, from my own mother's womb Job is describing how he truly treated widows. With the phrase "from my own mother's womb" he uses exaggeration to emphasize that he did this all his life. Alternate translation: "all my life I have guided the orphan's mother, a widow" or "all my life I have guided widows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/job/31/19.md b/job/31/19.md index 6090d5d66e..e089ea6bd2 100644 --- a/job/31/19.md +++ b/job/31/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God's punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/job/31/20.md b/job/31/20.md index 95cf559407..fd856c802f 100644 --- a/job/31/20.md +++ b/job/31/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "his heart" represents the poor man who needs clothing. Alternate tra # because he has not been warmed with the wool of my sheep Here "the wool of my sheep" represents blankets or clothing made from the wool of Job's sheep. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because the wool of my sheep has not warmed him" or "because I have not given him clothing made from the wool of my sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/31/21.md b/job/31/21.md index 2afd77206f..2e224518ef 100644 --- a/job/31/21.md +++ b/job/31/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is where the important men of the city would gather to make decisions. # then bring charges against me This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job's statement in this long sentence. - diff --git a/job/31/22.md b/job/31/22.md index 54dcbff876..ab36baf1fc 100644 --- a/job/31/22.md +++ b/job/31/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then let my shoulder fall from the shoulder blade, and let my arm be broken from its joint This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "then let someone tear off my shoulder from the shoulder blade and break my arm from its joint" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/31/23.md b/job/31/23.md index 2d165de4f4..c9493de034 100644 --- a/job/31/23.md +++ b/job/31/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For I dreaded ... his majesty This is the reason that Job did not do any of the wicked things he spoke of in verses 7 through 21. - diff --git a/job/31/24.md b/job/31/24.md index 1308015a42..3ff6b8feb7 100644 --- a/job/31/24.md +++ b/job/31/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "hope" can be translated with the verbs "trust" or "hope." Alt # if I have said to fine gold, 'You are what I am confident in' This line means the same as the previous line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/31/25.md b/job/31/25.md index 1fd361cd4a..4b0d961dd9 100644 --- a/job/31/25.md +++ b/job/31/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my hand" represents Job's ability to do things. Alternate translation: "I # then bring charges against me This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job's statement in this long sentence. - diff --git a/job/31/26.md b/job/31/26.md index 0786993031..d44bfee45c 100644 --- a/job/31/26.md +++ b/job/31/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God's punishment, # the moon walking Here "walking" represents moving slowly. Alternate translation: "the moon moving across the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/31/27.md b/job/31/27.md index 666444ace8..ad3420ed61 100644 --- a/job/31/27.md +++ b/job/31/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my heart" represents Job. This phrase can be stated in active form. Altern # so that my mouth has kissed my hand Here "my mouth" represents Job. This is a sign of love and devotion. Alternate translation: "so that I have kissed my hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/31/28.md b/job/31/28.md index 2591693e94..f4962bf17d 100644 --- a/job/31/28.md +++ b/job/31/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for which judges woul # I would have denied the God who is above "I would have been unfaithful to the God who is above" - diff --git a/job/31/29.md b/job/31/29.md index 61d98522ec..f6adc5fa6c 100644 --- a/job/31/29.md +++ b/job/31/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "destruction" can be translated with the verb "destroy." Alter # then bring charges against me This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job's statement in this long sentence. - diff --git a/job/31/30.md b/job/31/30.md index 25d00a9eea..57f8fd4055 100644 --- a/job/31/30.md +++ b/job/31/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my mouth" represents Job speaking. Alternate translation: "Truly I did not # by asking for his life with a curse Here "asking for his life with a curse" represents cursing someone's life so that he will die. Alternate translation: "by cursing him so that he would die" or "by cursing his life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/31/31.md b/job/31/31.md index 2d0cbdbb8b..f41d72328f 100644 --- a/job/31/31.md +++ b/job/31/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The tent represents Job's household. The men of his tent includes family members # Who can find one who has not been filled with Job's food? Job's men would have used this question to emphasize that Job was generous to everyone. Alternate translation: "Everyone has been filled with Job's food!" or "Everyone we know of has eaten as much of Job's food as he wanted!"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/31/32.md b/job/31/32.md index e69d533a87..fec826eb9d 100644 --- a/job/31/32.md +++ b/job/31/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "opened my doors to the traveler" represents welcoming the traveler into hi # and if that is not so, then bring charges against me This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job's statement in this long sentence. - diff --git a/job/31/33.md b/job/31/33.md index 86eb7bc4d7..bf1ad9ab12 100644 --- a/job/31/33.md +++ b/job/31/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "have hidden my sins" represents trying to keep people from knowing that he # by hiding my guilt inside my bosom This represents trying to keep people from knowing that he is guilty. The "bosom" is the chest and arms and is probably a metonym for the tunic that covers it. Alternate translation: "by hiding the evidence of my guilt inside my tunic" or "like one who hides the evidence of his guilt inside his tunic" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/31/34.md b/job/31/34.md index 40acebf54c..7f96d0bdbf 100644 --- a/job/31/34.md +++ b/job/31/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This would be the reason for hiding his sins. These mean the same thing. They em # then bring charges against me This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job's statement in this long sentence. - diff --git a/job/31/35.md b/job/31/35.md index aac5353f21..4b71eed5c3 100644 --- a/job/31/35.md +++ b/job/31/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This expresses Job's wish. Job speaks as though his troubles are evidence that s # my opponent These words could refer to 1) God or 2) someone else. - diff --git a/job/31/36.md b/job/31/36.md index 48b4152a1e..56d1d62dee 100644 --- a/job/31/36.md +++ b/job/31/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Surely I would carry it openly on my shoulder; I would bind it on myself like a crown This represents putting it where everyone could read it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/31/37.md b/job/31/37.md index b4fb106015..5b09e2c817 100644 --- a/job/31/37.md +++ b/job/31/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my steps" represents Job's actions. Alternate translation: "I would declar # as a confident prince I would go up to him This means Job would approach God without any fear. Job implies that he could do this because he was not guilty. Alternate translation: "I would approach him boldly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/31/38.md b/job/31/38.md index ad13c0790f..3b9bb7f702 100644 --- a/job/31/38.md +++ b/job/31/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This concludes Job's description of situations in which he would deserve God's p # If my land ever cries out against me, and its furrows weep together Job speaks of being guilty as if his land were a person who cries out against Job because of the wrong Job has done to the land. Alternate translation: "If I have done wrong concerning my land" or "If I have stolen my land from someone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/31/39.md b/job/31/39.md index fa29957fc0..5274220ad8 100644 --- a/job/31/39.md +++ b/job/31/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to lose their lives This represents dying. Alternate translation: "to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/31/40.md b/job/31/40.md index cab1d79eb9..300fb2e00c 100644 --- a/job/31/40.md +++ b/job/31/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # weeds instead of barley The words "let" and "grow" are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "let weeds grow instead of barley" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/job/31/intro.md b/job/31/intro.md index 4b9fde954e..ad6566dcbc 100644 --- a/job/31/intro.md +++ b/job/31/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Job 31 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's statement and it is directly addressed to Yahweh. +The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job's statement and it is directly addressed to Yahweh. In this chapter, Job presents his case to Yahweh that he is upright and not guilty of the sins he is being accused of. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ In this chapter, Job presents his case to Yahweh that he is upright and not guil * __[Job 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/32/01.md b/job/32/01.md index d65e865ce1..171cb7cf68 100644 --- a/job/32/01.md +++ b/job/32/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was righteous in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "he considered himself righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/32/02.md b/job/32/02.md index fbfd8da5d6..dc46a88d35 100644 --- a/job/32/02.md +++ b/job/32/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a people-group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # he justified himself rather than God This means that he considered himself innocent and believed God had been wrong to punish him. Alternate translation: "he justified himself and claimed that God had been wrong to punish him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/32/03.md b/job/32/03.md index cce5735c14..438ad9933f 100644 --- a/job/32/03.md +++ b/job/32/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elihu's anger was also kindled against his three friends This compares Elihu's anger to someone starting a fire. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Elihu also became very angry with his three friends" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/32/04.md b/job/32/04.md index aec199ca36..a8eade19c0 100644 --- a/job/32/04.md +++ b/job/32/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a pause in the story. This tells background information about Elihu. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/job/32/05.md b/job/32/05.md index 44675c6b44..9dedbc458d 100644 --- a/job/32/05.md +++ b/job/32/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the men were done speaking to Job. This speaks of the men possib # his anger was kindled This compares Elihu's anger to someone starting a fire. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he became very angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/32/06.md b/job/32/06.md index 9ebd80bb46..2312417029 100644 --- a/job/32/06.md +++ b/job/32/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are very old Here "you" is plural and refers to Job and his three friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/job/32/07.md b/job/32/07.md index 874ae23cd2..3aff66a6c3 100644 --- a/job/32/07.md +++ b/job/32/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Length of days should speak; a multitude of years should teach wisdom These two lines mean the same thing. Elihu emphasizes that since older people are wiser than younger people, they should be the first to speak of what they know. Alternate translation: "He who has lived many years should speak; He would is older should teach wisdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/32/08.md b/job/32/08.md index 3b104b717d..42a0e3e4ef 100644 --- a/job/32/08.md +++ b/job/32/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both phrases mean the same thing. Elihu is emphasizing that a man's wisdom comes # the breath of the Almighty Here the spirit is represented by "breath." Alternate translation: "the spirit of the Almighty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/32/09.md b/job/32/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/32/09.md +++ b/job/32/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/32/10.md b/job/32/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/32/10.md +++ b/job/32/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/32/11.md b/job/32/11.md index 77b99949b9..3a4bd3c5dd 100644 --- a/job/32/11.md +++ b/job/32/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu uses this word here to draw the mens' attention to what he says next. Alte # searching for a word The word "word" is a synecdoche for an entire message, and "searching for" a word as if it were a solid object is a metaphor for thinking of the right thing to say. Alternate translation: "thinking about what to say" or "trying to think of the right thing to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/32/12.md b/job/32/12.md index 8e6f722a25..3dfa977f6e 100644 --- a/job/32/12.md +++ b/job/32/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who could respond to his words Here the word "respond" does not just mean to answer, but to answer with a helpful response. - diff --git a/job/32/13.md b/job/32/13.md index d8da59aaf8..9bd1ed967a 100644 --- a/job/32/13.md +++ b/job/32/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that they believe that they have figured out what is wise. Alternate # to defeat Job This speaks of God responding to Job and correcting him as if he were defeating him in battle. Alternate translation: "to refute Job" or "to answer Job" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/32/14.md b/job/32/14.md index 2147c70986..76335db2de 100644 --- a/job/32/14.md +++ b/job/32/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with your words "by saying what you have said" - diff --git a/job/32/15.md b/job/32/15.md index 5533b334c1..7a4a8c2067 100644 --- a/job/32/15.md +++ b/job/32/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking. # dismayed discouraged or distressed - diff --git a/job/32/16.md b/job/32/16.md index 658a412824..1cc16f6ca8 100644 --- a/job/32/16.md +++ b/job/32/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should I wait because they are not speaking, because they stand there silent and answer no more? Elihu uses a question to emphasize that he will not wait any longer to speak. Elihu answers this question himself in the next verse. Alternate translation: But because you do not speak, I certainly will not wait any longer; you merely stand there and do not reply anymore. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/32/17.md b/job/32/17.md index 44f7ef1607..bd2c1854de 100644 --- a/job/32/17.md +++ b/job/32/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking using parallelisms. # I also will answer on my part "I will now take my turn to answer" - diff --git a/job/32/18.md b/job/32/18.md index e3da751374..61af19e737 100644 --- a/job/32/18.md +++ b/job/32/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu speaks of having a lot to say as being full of words. Alternate translatio # the spirit in me compels me "my spirit forces me to say it" - diff --git a/job/32/19.md b/job/32/19.md index b5fc7f4dc5..0b13ee11aa 100644 --- a/job/32/19.md +++ b/job/32/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ While wine is fermenting, gas collects in the container. If the gas is not let o # my breast is This represents Elihu, specifically his spirit. Alternate translation: "my spirit is" or "I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/32/20.md b/job/32/20.md index 0ecbc26a8e..b20264097a 100644 --- a/job/32/20.md +++ b/job/32/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I may feel better" (S # open my lips Here the "lips" represent the mouth. Alternate translation: "open my mouth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/32/21.md b/job/32/21.md index 2c0cf21897..3f036cb423 100644 --- a/job/32/21.md +++ b/job/32/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # favoritism; neither will I give honorific titles to any man Elihu is probably speaking of giving honorific titles to someone as a metaphor for flattering him, and he is probably speaking indirectly about Job and his friends by speaking of "a man" in general. Alternate translation: "favoritism; neither will I flatter anyone" or "favoritism, nor will I flatter any of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/32/22.md b/job/32/22.md index 0ac43ff530..9ee02c67c8 100644 --- a/job/32/22.md +++ b/job/32/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a name referring to God. Alternate translation: "God who made me" # take me away This means that he would destroy him. Alternate translation: "destroy me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/job/32/intro.md b/job/32/intro.md index f8251c1986..307f5c490a 100644 --- a/job/32/intro.md +++ b/job/32/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Job 32 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Job's friends give up on trying to convince him that he is being punished for sinning. This chapter introduces Elihu who was a witness to these interactions between Job and his friends. According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the first of Elihu's four statements. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. Th * __[Job 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/33/01.md b/job/33/01.md index 0c0e08c6fc..83538772aa 100644 --- a/job/33/01.md +++ b/job/33/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking. # hear my speech; listen to all my words These two phrases mean the same thing. Elihu is emphasizing that Job must listen carefully. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/33/02.md b/job/33/02.md index a63c9f409a..ee9dd8417a 100644 --- a/job/33/02.md +++ b/job/33/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is a polite request for the hea # I have opened my mouth ... my tongue has spoken in my mouth These mean the same thing. Elihu is emphasizing that he is now ready to speak. His "tongue" speaking represents himself speaking. Alternate translation: "I have opened my mouth and I have begun to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/33/03.md b/job/33/03.md index 3f499a5b89..255ce8c3e1 100644 --- a/job/33/03.md +++ b/job/33/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Elihu refers to himself by his "heart" as he speaks of being upright. Alter # my lips speak pure knowledge Here Elihu refers to himself by his "lips" to emphasize his speech. Alternate translation: "I will speak sincerely to you the things I know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/33/04.md b/job/33/04.md index 0a4206c758..6858421f2c 100644 --- a/job/33/04.md +++ b/job/33/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking to Job. # The Spirit of God ... has given me life These two lines mean the same thing. Elihu is emphasizing that God has made him and so gives authority to what he is saying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/33/05.md b/job/33/05.md index af69e72199..ba1b2e9041 100644 --- a/job/33/05.md +++ b/job/33/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # set your words in order before me and stand up This speaks of Job preparing what he will say as if he were setting up and organizing physical objects. Alternate translation: "prepare what you will say, and stand up and answer me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/33/06.md b/job/33/06.md index 59f29d9982..76b54a1eca 100644 --- a/job/33/06.md +++ b/job/33/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Though people are not made out of clay, God has made everyone as a potter carefu # I also have been formed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has also made me" or "God has formed both of us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/33/07.md b/job/33/07.md index 87578e4919..4cd1a0058a 100644 --- a/job/33/07.md +++ b/job/33/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # neither will my pressure be heavy upon you This means that he will not hinder Job or burden him. He speaks of emotional burden here as if it were a heavy physical burden. Alternate translation: "neither will I burden you" or "I will not oppress you with what I say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/33/08.md b/job/33/08.md index 6d4cecc247..0e4846e4b7 100644 --- a/job/33/08.md +++ b/job/33/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking to Job. # I have heard the sound of your words saying "I have heard you say" - diff --git a/job/33/09.md b/job/33/09.md index f221ffb8be..5ee11180a5 100644 --- a/job/33/09.md +++ b/job/33/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person # there is no iniquity in me "I have not sinned" - diff --git a/job/33/10.md b/job/33/10.md index a203653356..bbf191ad8a 100644 --- a/job/33/10.md +++ b/job/33/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues quoting what he heard Job say. # See The speaker uses this word here to draw attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: "Listen" - diff --git a/job/33/11.md b/job/33/11.md index 8eb2337ffa..8db076757c 100644 --- a/job/33/11.md +++ b/job/33/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my paths These words refer to where he goes. Here where he goes represents what he does. Alternate translation: "everything that I do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/33/12.md b/job/33/12.md index feb1db0700..ebf17ae7c1 100644 --- a/job/33/12.md +++ b/job/33/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will answer you Elihu is speaking to Job, so the word "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/job/33/13.md b/job/33/13.md index 49f9303dd1..555532c49c 100644 --- a/job/33/13.md +++ b/job/33/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu uses this question to emphasize that Job should not struggle against God. # He does not account for any of his doings "He does not have to explain to us anything he does" - diff --git a/job/33/14.md b/job/33/14.md index 82631b7f6b..c16080f76e 100644 --- a/job/33/14.md +++ b/job/33/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God speaks once—yes, twice This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "God speaks again and again in different ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/33/15.md b/job/33/15.md index 79ed49bb41..543ba11826 100644 --- a/job/33/15.md +++ b/job/33/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases have the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism # when deep sleep falls upon men, in slumber on the bed This speaks of people being in a deep sleep as if the sleep fell upon them or overcame them. Alternate translation: "when people are fully asleep on their bed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/33/16.md b/job/33/16.md index 8610c50a33..390343d69b 100644 --- a/job/33/16.md +++ b/job/33/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking to Job. # then God opens the ears of men This speaks of God making people aware of things as if he were opening their ears so that they could hear. Alternate translation: "then God reveals things to people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/33/17.md b/job/33/17.md index 9f210bd385..620cad4476 100644 --- a/job/33/17.md +++ b/job/33/17.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ If your language has a word for human beings, male and female, you may want to u # a man -This is a male person as opposed to a female, a strong person as opposed to a weak person. \ No newline at end of file +This is a male person as opposed to a female, a strong person as opposed to a weak person. diff --git a/job/33/18.md b/job/33/18.md index 102309d564..3d5d85010b 100644 --- a/job/33/18.md +++ b/job/33/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "man from dying and ... he keeps him" ( # from crossing over to death Here "death" represents the place where people go when they die, that is, sheol. Alternate translation: "from going to sheol" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/33/19.md b/job/33/19.md index e2c336102c..7a677754b0 100644 --- a/job/33/19.md +++ b/job/33/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that the person is experiencing such pain that he must lie in bed. Al # constant strife in his bones The word "strife," possibly referring to the man's reaction to God causing him to "turn away from his deed" [Job 33:17](../33/17.md), is here a metaphor for physical pain. The word "bones" here is a synecdoche for his whole body, which is in physical pain. Alternate translation: "constant pain in his body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/33/20.md b/job/33/20.md index 290918a635..3ae4df7fc6 100644 --- a/job/33/20.md +++ b/job/33/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing, that the person is in so much p # abhors delicacies "hates even very special food" - diff --git a/job/33/21.md b/job/33/21.md index d1c26cff72..f74df1a770 100644 --- a/job/33/21.md +++ b/job/33/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking to Job. # His flesh is consumed away so that it cannot be seen; his bones, once not seen, now stick out This can be stated in active form. "His flesh" refers to his fat and muscles, not to his body's outer skin. Alternate translation: "Disease makes his body weak and thin so that a person can see his bones" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/33/22.md b/job/33/22.md index 4b1ff9ba66..6d56b2822c 100644 --- a/job/33/22.md +++ b/job/33/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The place where people go when they die is referred to here as "the pit." Altern # his life to those who wish to destroy it Here the person is represented by his "life." The phrase "those who wish to destroy it" refers to the place where people go after they die. Alternate translation: "and he is close to going to the place where dead people go" or "and he will soon go to the place of the dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/33/23.md b/job/33/23.md index 7a64ebbf6d..167dd433ca 100644 --- a/job/33/23.md +++ b/job/33/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not refer to a specific person. Elihu continues speaking about any per # one out of a thousand In some languages it may be more natural to refer to "a great number" instead of "a thousand." Alternate translation: "one from the great number of angels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/job/33/24.md b/job/33/24.md index dbf848b668..1c4338413a 100644 --- a/job/33/24.md +++ b/job/33/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The place where people go when they die is referred to here as "the pit." Altern # I have found a ransom for him This means that the angel has found a way to pay for the sins of the man so that he does not have to die. Alternate translation: "for I have found a way for you to keep him from dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/33/25.md b/job/33/25.md index 412c4686c0..5b186cfc16 100644 --- a/job/33/25.md +++ b/job/33/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to a youth's flesh. Alternate translation: "a youth's flesh" (See: [ # it is restored to the days of his youthful vigor This speaks of the man's flesh again being as strong as it was when he was young. Alternate translation: "it will become strong again, as it was when he was young" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/33/26.md b/job/33/26.md index 8d28a00b3c..ebb2416bdd 100644 --- a/job/33/26.md +++ b/job/33/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here God is represented by his "face." Alternate translation: "God" (See: [[rc:/ # will restore to the person his righteousness Possible meanings are that the words "his righteousness" refer to 1) the righteousness of the person. Alternate translation: "will once again consider the person righteous" or "God will make things right for the person again" Or 2) God's righteousness. - diff --git a/job/33/27.md b/job/33/27.md index 16f4a84be1..1e8fe91726 100644 --- a/job/33/27.md +++ b/job/33/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking to Job. # but my sin was not punished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but God did not punish me for sinning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/33/28.md b/job/33/28.md index 820d2e691e..298924b165 100644 --- a/job/33/28.md +++ b/job/33/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The place where people go when they die is referred to here as "the pit." Altern # my life will continue to see light Here the person is represented by his "life." Also, living is spoken of as seeing the light. Alternate translation: "I will continue to live and see the daylight" or "I will continue to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/33/29.md b/job/33/29.md index e9b6b99370..77b06dc69a 100644 --- a/job/33/29.md +++ b/job/33/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu uses this word here to draw Job's attention to what he says next. Alternat # twice, yes, even three times This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "again and again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/33/30.md b/job/33/30.md index cd34b1a97f..5a9ea2e6dc 100644 --- a/job/33/30.md +++ b/job/33/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The place where people go when they die is referred to here as "the pit." Altern # he may be enlightened with the light of life This is an idiom and may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he may be happy to still be alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/33/31.md b/job/33/31.md index e5a3a9ce17..f28a207c9d 100644 --- a/job/33/31.md +++ b/job/33/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking to Job. # Pay attention, Job, and listen to me These phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "Listen carefully to me, Job" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/job/33/32.md b/job/33/32.md index de83662dff..376ee8d9b8 100644 --- a/job/33/32.md +++ b/job/33/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # justify you "show that you are in the right" or "show that you are innocent" - diff --git a/job/33/33.md b/job/33/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/33/33.md +++ b/job/33/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/33/intro.md b/job/33/intro.md index f6557d79c6..412c30cf69 100644 --- a/job/33/intro.md +++ b/job/33/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Job 33 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is a continuation of the first of Elihu's four statements and it is addressed to Job. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This quotation is a continuation of the previous chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's mercy -#### God's mercy While Job has been complaining about the lack of justice and response from Yahweh, Elihu shows Job that Yahweh has shown him great mercy along the way. He is still alive because of Yahweh's mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ While Job has been complaining about the lack of justice and response from Yahwe * __[Job 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/34/01.md b/job/34/01.md index 2ea2c4bf3e..acbb43e4b8 100644 --- a/job/34/01.md +++ b/job/34/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Elihu See how you translated this man's name in [Job 32:2](../32/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/34/02.md b/job/34/02.md index b37c3dba84..e610306e24 100644 --- a/job/34/02.md +++ b/job/34/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you wise men ... you who have knowledge Elihu is criticizing Job and his friends. He does not think they are actually wise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/job/34/03.md b/job/34/03.md index 3b79f9b158..1259f2ade8 100644 --- a/job/34/03.md +++ b/job/34/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the ear tests words as the palate tastes food Elihu means people listen carefully to determine what is right or wrong just like we taste food to determine if it is good or bad. Here people are referred to by their "ear" and their "palate" to emphasize that they are tasting and hearing. Alternate translation: "For we listen to words to know what is good and bad, just as we taste foods to know what is good to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/34/04.md b/job/34/04.md index f0c8b36336..d75a40732f 100644 --- a/job/34/04.md +++ b/job/34/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking. # Let us Here "us" refers to Elihu, Job, and his three friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/job/34/05.md b/job/34/05.md index a855d246e0..5661c5ef0e 100644 --- a/job/34/05.md +++ b/job/34/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has taken away my rights "refused to give me justice" - diff --git a/job/34/06.md b/job/34/06.md index 2f414919da..44f3765a12 100644 --- a/job/34/06.md +++ b/job/34/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God considers me to b # My wound is incurable Here Job's sickness and suffering is spoken of as if it were a "wound." Alternate translation: "I am sick and no one can heal me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/34/07.md b/job/34/07.md index 39a963bf1e..3e0838d66e 100644 --- a/job/34/07.md +++ b/job/34/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu uses this rhetorical question to scold Job. This question can be written a # who drinks up mockery like water Elihu is accusing Job of mocking others as often as a person drinks water. Alternate translation: "who mocks other people as frequently as he drinks water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/34/08.md b/job/34/08.md index f6a1700c82..2fa98fe041 100644 --- a/job/34/08.md +++ b/job/34/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who walks with wicked men Here "walk" is an idiom for how a person acts. Alternate translation: "who behaves like wicked men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/34/09.md b/job/34/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/34/09.md +++ b/job/34/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/34/10.md b/job/34/10.md index e96c9d2cba..046643d35a 100644 --- a/job/34/10.md +++ b/job/34/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu is criticizing Job and his friends. He does not actually think they are wi # far be it from God ... far be it from the Almighty that he should commit sin These two phrases have the same meaning and are used together to emphasize that God would never do anything wrong. The phrase "far be it from" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Almighty God would never consider doing anything that is wicked or wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/34/11.md b/job/34/11.md index f9a1d20fee..19f8eb49f8 100644 --- a/job/34/11.md +++ b/job/34/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that he gives to a person what he deserves for the work he has done. # he makes every man come upon the reward of his own ways The phrase "his own ways" is an idiom for how a person lives his life. Elihu emphasizes that God gives to people what they deserve. Alternate translation: "he causes every man to receive the reward he deserves for how he lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/34/12.md b/job/34/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/34/12.md +++ b/job/34/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/34/13.md b/job/34/13.md index c5318290f4..e39fccc848 100644 --- a/job/34/13.md +++ b/job/34/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking. # Who put him in charge over the earth? Who put the whole world under him? Both of these rhetorical questions have the same meaning and emphasize that no one needed to grant God authority because it was already his. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "No one needed to give permission to God to take responsibility over all the earth. He is the rightful one to rule the world." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/34/14.md b/job/34/14.md index 3122fff0f7..f56897966d 100644 --- a/job/34/14.md +++ b/job/34/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "he" refers to God. Elihu is describing a situation that he does not be # his spirit and his breath The "spirit" and "breath" of God are what makes all living things alive. Alternate translation: "his spirit and breath which give us life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/34/15.md b/job/34/15.md index ee409ef274..ae5a726eab 100644 --- a/job/34/15.md +++ b/job/34/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here all living things are represented by their "flesh." Alternate translation: # mankind would return to dust again This means that all people would die and their bodies would decay and become soil. In the beginning God created man from the dust. Alternate translation: "the bodies of mankind would soon become soil again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/34/16.md b/job/34/16.md index 66a2f9e83c..57739f17e3 100644 --- a/job/34/16.md +++ b/job/34/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "you" is singular and refers to Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # listen to the sound of my words "listen to what I say." This means the same as the previous part of the sentence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/34/17.md b/job/34/17.md index cfb2bd0e34..4fc750c66a 100644 --- a/job/34/17.md +++ b/job/34/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implicit answer to this rhetorical question is "no." This question implies t # Will you condemn God, who is righteous and mighty? This rhetorical question is used to emphasize that Job does not have the authority or a reason to condemn God. Alternate translation: "You cannot condemn God, who is righteous and mighty!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/34/18.md b/job/34/18.md index 0f254cc8ff..271b9bfc3f 100644 --- a/job/34/18.md +++ b/job/34/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This continues the rhetorical question from the previous verse, emphasizing to J # God, who says to a king This is part of the previous question. The understood words from the previous verse, "will you condemn God," may be supplied. Alternate translation: "Will you condemn God, who says to a king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/job/34/19.md b/job/34/19.md index e59049ff95..7086c28f51 100644 --- a/job/34/19.md +++ b/job/34/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for they all are the work of his hands Here "hands" refer to power. Alternate translation: "for God made them all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/34/20.md b/job/34/20.md index d4bbb925e9..e228f4b4d1 100644 --- a/job/34/20.md +++ b/job/34/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that it is God who causes people to die, not people. Also, this can b # not by human hands Here people are represented by their "hands." Alternate translation: "not by humans" or "not by people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/34/21.md b/job/34/21.md index 468f73b070..1d8e2cf040 100644 --- a/job/34/21.md +++ b/job/34/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's "eyes" represent his sight. The phrase "a person's ways" is an idiom for w # he sees all his steps This means that he always knows where the person is and where he is going. Alternate translation: "he sees him wherever he goes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/34/22.md b/job/34/22.md index d86eecd533..90036f592d 100644 --- a/job/34/22.md +++ b/job/34/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no darkness ... no deep shadow The words "deep shadow" mean basically the same thing as, and intensify, the word "darkness." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/job/34/23.md b/job/34/23.md index f322a70177..4a64735765 100644 --- a/job/34/23.md +++ b/job/34/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in judgment "so he may judge him" or "to be judged" - diff --git a/job/34/24.md b/job/34/24.md index 3dc4fa105d..1d4b641f70 100644 --- a/job/34/24.md +++ b/job/34/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "the things they have done" # he puts others in their places This means that he appoints other people to rule in their positions. Alternate translation: "and he chooses other people to rule in their places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/34/25.md b/job/34/25.md index fa3b799b4c..77ed271aa3 100644 --- a/job/34/25.md +++ b/job/34/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and crushes them" (Se # crushed They are no longer able to cause trouble. Alternate translation: "destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/34/26.md b/job/34/26.md index 30142c606d..aba3312a35 100644 --- a/job/34/26.md +++ b/job/34/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "In a place where everyone can see" (Se # he kills them This speaks of God causing these people to die, though he does not actually strike them with a sword himself. He may cause someone else to kill them or disaster to come upon them. Alternate translation: "he causes them to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/34/27.md b/job/34/27.md index 373ea35a68..29853307e8 100644 --- a/job/34/27.md +++ b/job/34/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his ways This refers to God's instructions for how people should behave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/34/28.md b/job/34/28.md index 7f9f958e40..b3f5e58a67 100644 --- a/job/34/28.md +++ b/job/34/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they made the cry of poor people come to him The word "cry" can be expressed as a verb. This speaks of God hearing their cry as if the cry were a person that came to him. Alternate translation: "they made the poor people cry, and God heard them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/34/29.md b/job/34/29.md index 043c5046a7..4fc907aa6f 100644 --- a/job/34/29.md +++ b/job/34/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Elihu uses this rhetorical question to teach Job. This question can be written a # his face Here God is represented by his "face." Alternate translation: "himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/34/30.md b/job/34/30.md index bec313c9f9..90900ed5cb 100644 --- a/job/34/30.md +++ b/job/34/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no one to entrap people This compares a godless ruler harming people as if he were a hunter trapping his prey. Alternate translation: "no one to harm the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/34/31.md b/job/34/31.md index 2eb5b0c807..73bbe58adf 100644 --- a/job/34/31.md +++ b/job/34/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Elihu continues speaking. - diff --git a/job/34/32.md b/job/34/32.md index 2df7049647..1647f77626 100644 --- a/job/34/32.md +++ b/job/34/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # teach me what I cannot see Here to "see" means to know. Alternate translation: "teach me what I have done wrong that I am not aware of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/34/33.md b/job/34/33.md index eb19d8abf7..15dd3bddee 100644 --- a/job/34/33.md +++ b/job/34/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Another possible meaning is "you reject God" or "you do not want God to punish y # what it is that you know "what you are thinking about this" - diff --git a/job/34/34.md b/job/34/34.md index 380313c756..d5538190ac 100644 --- a/job/34/34.md +++ b/job/34/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking. # who hears me "who hears me speaking" - diff --git a/job/34/35.md b/job/34/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/34/35.md +++ b/job/34/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/34/36.md b/job/34/36.md index d8d4cf4c12..93147253e1 100644 --- a/job/34/36.md +++ b/job/34/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "to listen to his case thoroughly" or " # of his talking like wicked men "of how he has spoken like a wicked man" - diff --git a/job/34/37.md b/job/34/37.md index 1050cb53f0..f0b516fa05 100644 --- a/job/34/37.md +++ b/job/34/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this accusation, this means that Job clapped his hands to strengthen his mock # he piles up words against God Elihu speaks of "words" as if they were objects, and of speaking many words as if it were piling those objects one on top of the other. Alternate translation: "he speaks many words against God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/34/intro.md b/job/34/intro.md index 0305091136..b46470d8f7 100644 --- a/job/34/intro.md +++ b/job/34/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Job 34 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the second of Elihu's four statements and it is addressed first to Job's friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Elihu uses many of Job's statements against him. His attitude is not too different from Job's friends. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's justice -#### Yahweh's justice Elihu defends the justice of Yahweh after Job claimed that Yahweh was being unjust. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Elihu defends the justice of Yahweh after Job claimed that Yahweh was being unju * __[Job 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/35/01.md b/job/35/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/35/01.md +++ b/job/35/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/35/02.md b/job/35/02.md index bf0b6e02ac..3cfddaae17 100644 --- a/job/35/02.md +++ b/job/35/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "say that yo # I am in the right before God Possible meanings are 1) Job is claiming to be innocent before God or 2) Job is claiming that he, rather than God, is right. Alternate translation: "I am more righteous than God" - diff --git a/job/35/03.md b/job/35/03.md index 08837c41ac..f9c314e0b9 100644 --- a/job/35/03.md +++ b/job/35/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For you ask, 'What use is it to me?' and, 'Would I be better off if I had sinned?' Elihu quotes Job as saying the these two rhetorical questions. Alternate translation: "For you say, 'It does not benefit me' and, 'I am no better off than if I had sinned.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/35/04.md b/job/35/04.md index 712db41aa6..41048aea97 100644 --- a/job/35/04.md +++ b/job/35/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Elihu continues speaking. - diff --git a/job/35/05.md b/job/35/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/35/05.md +++ b/job/35/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/35/06.md b/job/35/06.md index e6683e155d..dbfdf563c0 100644 --- a/job/35/06.md +++ b/job/35/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job's sins cannot actually do anythin # If your transgressions are many, what do you do to him? Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job does nothing to God by his transgressions. Alternate translation: "If you committed a great many transgressions, you still do nothing to him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/35/07.md b/job/35/07.md index 30713dfdd5..cd5dfac483 100644 --- a/job/35/07.md +++ b/job/35/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The two rhetorical questions mean basically the same thing, that Job's righteous # receive from your hand Here the word "hand" represents Job. Alternate translation: "receive from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/35/08.md b/job/35/08.md index c54ff639b8..e04c494e21 100644 --- a/job/35/08.md +++ b/job/35/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # another son of man "another human-being" or "another person" - diff --git a/job/35/09.md b/job/35/09.md index c1116ed98f..ebdfd17643 100644 --- a/job/35/09.md +++ b/job/35/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "oppression" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translat # they call for help from the arms of mighty men Here "arms" refers to power or strength. Alternate translation: "they call for someone to deliver them from the power of mighty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/35/10.md b/job/35/10.md index 59bb7124ef..a57d38dd1c 100644 --- a/job/35/10.md +++ b/job/35/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who gives songs in the night Elihu speaks of God enabling people to have hope in troubling circumstances as if he were giving to them songs which they can sing during the night. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/35/11.md b/job/35/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/35/11.md +++ b/job/35/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/35/12.md b/job/35/12.md index 7a7660f31b..03554587a4 100644 --- a/job/35/12.md +++ b/job/35/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu continues speaking. # they cry out "the oppressed people cry out" - diff --git a/job/35/13.md b/job/35/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/35/13.md +++ b/job/35/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/35/14.md b/job/35/14.md index be8b5c6c54..b2ffde919b 100644 --- a/job/35/14.md +++ b/job/35/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since God will not hear the prayers of prideful, evil men, it is even less likel # you are waiting for him "you are waiting for him to respond" - diff --git a/job/35/15.md b/job/35/15.md index 2ef9ca0fe5..ba47a406eb 100644 --- a/job/35/15.md +++ b/job/35/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Because Job is saying these things about God that are untrue, it is even less li # his anger does not punish Here "his anger" is a metonym for "him." Alternate translation: "he never punishes anyone because he is angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/35/16.md b/job/35/16.md index a4813a23e0..7a43834750 100644 --- a/job/35/16.md +++ b/job/35/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he multiplies words without knowledge Elihu speaks of "words" as if they were objects, and of speaking many words as if it were piling those objects one on top of the other. The word "knowledge" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "he speaks many words without knowing what he is talking about" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/35/intro.md b/job/35/intro.md index 2595ab435a..f021a79487 100644 --- a/job/35/intro.md +++ b/job/35/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Job 35 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the third of Elihu's four statements and it is addressed first to Job's friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Elihu uses many of Job's statements against him. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Elihu uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job. These questions help to build Elihu's argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Ironic situation -#### Ironic situation Elihu explains the irony of Job's claim. He claimed to be righteous and desired Yahweh to intervene. In this chapter, Elihu explains to Job that his claims of righteousness are prideful. This makes him unrighteous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ Elihu explains the irony of Job's claim. He claimed to be righteous and desired * __[Job 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/36/01.md b/job/36/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/36/01.md +++ b/job/36/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/36/02.md b/job/36/02.md index ab048d883a..ddf84948c2 100644 --- a/job/36/02.md +++ b/job/36/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will show you some things Elihu speaks of explaining things to Job as if he were going to show those things to Job. Alternate translation: "I will explain some things to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/03.md b/job/36/03.md index e8115d3b52..d41b6a2107 100644 --- a/job/36/03.md +++ b/job/36/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu speaks of having knowledge of many different subjects as if it were gettin # that righteousness belongs to my Maker Here the word "righteousness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "that my Maker is righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/36/04.md b/job/36/04.md index 95333cc00b..3ec53f42f0 100644 --- a/job/36/04.md +++ b/job/36/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # someone who is mature in knowledge is with you The word "someone" refers to Elihu himself. He speaks of being very knowledgeable as if it were being mature in knowledge. Alternate translation: "I, who am with you, am very knowledgeable" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/05.md b/job/36/05.md index 557d931f50..f767d65adc 100644 --- a/job/36/05.md +++ b/job/36/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he is mighty in strength of understanding The phrase "mighty in strength" forms a doublet that means "very strong." Elihu speaks of God understanding everything perfectly as if his understanding were very strong. Alternate translation: "he is very strong in understanding" or "he understands everything completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/06.md b/job/36/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/36/06.md +++ b/job/36/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/36/07.md b/job/36/07.md index 809f526041..7330d9d3f9 100644 --- a/job/36/07.md +++ b/job/36/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu speaks of God honoring the righteous people as if God were causing them to # they are lifted up Elihu speaks of God honoring the righteous people as if he lifted them up to a high place. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he lifts them up" or "he honors them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/36/08.md b/job/36/08.md index 932025b875..c49e667030 100644 --- a/job/36/08.md +++ b/job/36/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers righteous people whom God will discipline if they si # trapped in cords of suffering Elihu speaks of a person being made to suffer as if that person were trapped in ropes that cause suffering. Alternate translation: "someone causes them to suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/36/09.md b/job/36/09.md index ceee6d2945..10952a57d5 100644 --- a/job/36/09.md +++ b/job/36/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their transgressions and their pride The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "he reveals to them their transgressions and their pride" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/job/36/10.md b/job/36/10.md index e521db5341..ea8d9c8338 100644 --- a/job/36/10.md +++ b/job/36/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The noun "instruction" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate transla # to turn back from iniquity Elihu speaks of stopping an action as if it were turning back from it. Alternate translation: "to stop committing iniquity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/11.md b/job/36/11.md index 5b6bba961a..b4a79454d0 100644 --- a/job/36/11.md +++ b/job/36/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will spend their days in prosperity, their years in contentment The words "days" and "years" both refer to the person's lifetime. Alternate translation: "they will spend their lives in prosperity and contentment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/36/12.md b/job/36/12.md index 9da80c7461..67f7a5d04c 100644 --- a/job/36/12.md +++ b/job/36/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will perish by the sword Elihu speaks of a person dying violently as if someone had killed them with a sword. Alternate translation: "they will die a violent death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/13.md b/job/36/13.md index 2822244d1b..1ac6a54284 100644 --- a/job/36/13.md +++ b/job/36/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu speaks of a person remaining angry as if that person stored up their anger # even when God ties them up Elihu speaks of God disciplining people as if God were tying them up with ropes. Alternate translation: "even when God punishes them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/14.md b/job/36/14.md index cc0823baf7..592dedbe83 100644 --- a/job/36/14.md +++ b/job/36/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their lives end among the cultic prostitutes Here "cultic prostitutes" refers to young men who served in pagan temples performing sexually immoral acts as part of their rituals. Possible meanings for this phrase are 1) the godless die because of their immoral behavior or 2) the godless die in shame and disgrace. - diff --git a/job/36/15.md b/job/36/15.md index 04e670a683..80d62f7973 100644 --- a/job/36/15.md +++ b/job/36/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he opens their ears Elihu speaks of God causing a person to listen as if God were opening their ears. See how you translated this in [Job 36:10](../36/10.md). Alternate translation: "he causes them to listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/16.md b/job/36/16.md index 8abcc4c1eb..9dfd6b0d01 100644 --- a/job/36/16.md +++ b/job/36/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your servants would s # food full of fatness Meat that had plenty of fat on it was a sign of prosperity because the animals were healthy and well-fed. Alternate translation: "the very best food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/36/17.md b/job/36/17.md index 388d2dfbca..ed3b5d5f7a 100644 --- a/job/36/17.md +++ b/job/36/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "God is punishing you as he would punish the wicked" or # judgment and justice have laid hold of you Elihu speaks of God judging Job and giving him justice as if judgment and justice were people that have laid hold of Job. Alternate translation: "God has brought you to judgment and given you justice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/36/18.md b/job/36/18.md index 8cd5b2c622..3dc32970f0 100644 --- a/job/36/18.md +++ b/job/36/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not let your anger entice you to mockery Some versions of the Bible translate this as "Beware that you are not enticed by wealth." - diff --git a/job/36/19.md b/job/36/19.md index 5c2987e47e..3095f7a5ae 100644 --- a/job/36/19.md +++ b/job/36/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu asks these questions to state that money and power will not be able to hel # all the force of your strength "all of your great strength" or "all of your mighty efforts" - diff --git a/job/36/20.md b/job/36/20.md index a32a5547ef..39631ea02a 100644 --- a/job/36/20.md +++ b/job/36/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when peoples are cut off in their place Possible meanings are 1) that "peoples" refers to people in general and "cut off in their place" is a metaphor for oppressing others by dragging them away from their homes. Alternate translation: "when people drag others away from their homes" or 2) that "peoples" represents nations and "cut off in their place" is a metaphor for nations being destroyed. Alternate translation: "when nations will perish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/21.md b/job/36/21.md index 0a3937baaa..2b879897ee 100644 --- a/job/36/21.md +++ b/job/36/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are being tested by suffering This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God is testing you by making you suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/36/22.md b/job/36/22.md index 8edf123052..7d0066f757 100644 --- a/job/36/22.md +++ b/job/36/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "God is extremely powerful" or 2) "people exalt God bec # who is a teacher like him? Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one is a teacher like God. Alternate translation: "no one is a teacher like him." or "no one teaches like he does." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/36/23.md b/job/36/23.md index dcc2adbaef..fc342f6e8d 100644 --- a/job/36/23.md +++ b/job/36/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one has ever taught God # Who can ever say to him, 'You have committed unrighteousness?' Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one can accuse God of having committed unrighteousness. Alternate translation: "No one can ever say to him, 'You have committed unrighteousness.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/36/24.md b/job/36/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/36/24.md +++ b/job/36/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/36/25.md b/job/36/25.md index 5e5dbac58c..9d12b2acfd 100644 --- a/job/36/25.md +++ b/job/36/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they see those deeds only from far away Elihu speaks of people not being fully able to understand God's deeds as if people were only able to see those deeds from far away. Alternate translation: "they do not fully understand them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/26.md b/job/36/26.md index d44cad854f..e01e38a8f9 100644 --- a/job/36/26.md +++ b/job/36/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the number of his years is incalculable This refers to how long God has existed. Alternate translation: "people cannot know how long he has lived" or "people cannot know his age" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/36/27.md b/job/36/27.md index 9f16c0460b..2fc4096bb3 100644 --- a/job/36/27.md +++ b/job/36/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that he distills as rain from his vapor The word "distills" can also mean "refine" or "filter." Elihu describes how God turns the drops of water, or vapor, that he draws up into rain. Alternate translation: "that he turns into rain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/36/28.md b/job/36/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/36/28.md +++ b/job/36/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/36/29.md b/job/36/29.md index 454ad854a1..eff8578592 100644 --- a/job/36/29.md +++ b/job/36/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "the extensive spread" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Altern # from his hut Elihu speaks of the sky as if it were a "hut" in which God lives. Alternate translation: "from the sky, where God lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/30.md b/job/36/30.md index ec2910fc5e..f3a1926414 100644 --- a/job/36/30.md +++ b/job/36/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and covers the roots of the sea Elihu speaks of the deep parts of the sea as if the sea were a plant and its depths were its roots. Possible meanings are 1) although the lightning causes light in the sky, the deep parts of the sea remain dark. Alternate translation: "but the depths of the sea remain dark" or 2) the lightning in the sky cause even the depths of the sea to have light. Alternate translation: "and lights up the depths of the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/31.md b/job/36/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/36/31.md +++ b/job/36/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/36/32.md b/job/36/32.md index 35c23fc440..09ea6f6b58 100644 --- a/job/36/32.md +++ b/job/36/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He fills his hands with the lightning Elihu speaks of the lightning that storms cause as if God were holding the lightning in his hand and directing it to strike where he wills. Possible meanings are 1) that God holds the lightning bolts in his hands in order to throw them, or 2) that God hides the lightning bolts in his hands until he is ready to use them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/36/33.md b/job/36/33.md index 3174059c99..21230239b6 100644 --- a/job/36/33.md +++ b/job/36/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # hear it is coming "hear that the storm is coming" - diff --git a/job/36/intro.md b/job/36/intro.md index 9a021de96d..8125f78776 100644 --- a/job/36/intro.md +++ b/job/36/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Job 36 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the last of Elihu's four statements and it is addressed first to Job's friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. His attitude is not too different from Job's friends. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's justice -#### Yahweh's justice This chapter focuses on the justice of Yahweh. It is important to remember that justice won't always come in this life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter focuses on the justice of Yahweh. It is important to remember that * __[Job 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../35/intro.md) | [>>](../37/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/37/01.md b/job/37/01.md index 43ab70312a..05038cddc9 100644 --- a/job/37/01.md +++ b/job/37/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "this" refers to the storm in [Job 36:33](../36/33.md). # it is moved out of its place Elihu speaks of his heart beating violently as if it were to jump out of his chest. Alternate translation: "it moves out of its place" or "it beats violently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/37/02.md b/job/37/02.md index 879f9ecc21..8f493cb6f4 100644 --- a/job/37/02.md +++ b/job/37/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the noise of his voice, the sound that goes out from his mouth These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Elihu speaks of the thunder as if it is God's voice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/37/03.md b/job/37/03.md index 6f52616c44..5327226b20 100644 --- a/job/37/03.md +++ b/job/37/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the edges of the earth Elihu speaks of the farthest places on the earth as if they were the earth's borders. Alternate translation: "everywhere in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/37/04.md b/job/37/04.md index 157672cb54..f352b55b6b 100644 --- a/job/37/04.md +++ b/job/37/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Elihu continues to speak of the thunder as if it is God's voice. (See: [[rc://en # when his voice is heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when people hear his voice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/37/05.md b/job/37/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/37/05.md +++ b/job/37/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/37/06.md b/job/37/06.md index 5a80c49941..f54683e19b 100644 --- a/job/37/06.md +++ b/job/37/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "and i # Be strong "Be a strong shower of rain" - diff --git a/job/37/07.md b/job/37/07.md index 342be09d48..8836230d5e 100644 --- a/job/37/07.md +++ b/job/37/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He stops the hand of every man Here the word "hand" represents the entire person. Alternate translation: "He stops every man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/37/08.md b/job/37/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/37/08.md +++ b/job/37/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/37/09.md b/job/37/09.md index d456c87c29..5b4f59bc52 100644 --- a/job/37/09.md +++ b/job/37/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In Israel, strong wind storms blow in from the south and cold weather approaches # The storm comes from its chamber in the south Elihu speaks of the storm blowing in from the south as if the storm has a place where it resides until it comes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/37/10.md b/job/37/10.md index f641d8ab10..a347387867 100644 --- a/job/37/10.md +++ b/job/37/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu speaks of the cold north wind as if it were God's breath. This can be stat # frozen like metal Elihu compares the hardness of ice to the hardness of metal. Alternate translation: "frozen, as hard as metal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/37/11.md b/job/37/11.md index cbf16e088f..f7f2d284b0 100644 --- a/job/37/11.md +++ b/job/37/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he weighs down the thick cloud with moisture Elihu speaks of God causing the storm clouds to be full of water as if the moisture weighed heavily on the clouds. Alternate translation: "he causes the thick clouds to be full of moisture" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/37/13.md b/job/37/13.md index 65a75c85b2..fc0e705f31 100644 --- a/job/37/13.md +++ b/job/37/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the rain waters the ground and causes vegetation to grow. Altern # sometimes as acts of covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful" or "faithfully." Alternate translation: "sometimes to act faithfully to his covenant" or "sometimes to be faithful to his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/37/14.md b/job/37/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/37/14.md +++ b/job/37/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/37/15.md b/job/37/15.md index 7049ca2adf..fccae5b0d2 100644 --- a/job/37/15.md +++ b/job/37/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job cannot know this. Alternate trans # establishes the clouds "controls the clouds" or "makes the clouds obey him" - diff --git a/job/37/16.md b/job/37/16.md index 6435e587eb..3a3661fc34 100644 --- a/job/37/16.md +++ b/job/37/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job does not know these things. Alter # the marvelous deeds of God The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "or do you understand the marvelous deeds of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/job/37/17.md b/job/37/17.md index 564de7dcce..18c186086f 100644 --- a/job/37/17.md +++ b/job/37/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job does not know these things. Alter # because the wind comes from the south In Israel, hot winds blow in across the desert from the south and cause hot temperatures. Alternate translation: "because of the hot, dry wind blowing in from the south" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/37/18.md b/job/37/18.md index 5587b9e1c8..267e7bdd62 100644 --- a/job/37/18.md +++ b/job/37/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In biblical days, mirrors were made of metal. Elihu speaks of the sky giving no # cast metal This refers to metal that is melted, poured into a mold, and then hardens as it cools. - diff --git a/job/37/19.md b/job/37/19.md index 85c0a1c082..22c66b0fdc 100644 --- a/job/37/19.md +++ b/job/37/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "us" and "we" refer to Elihu, Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar, but no # because of the darkness of our minds Elihu speaks of the inability to understand as if it were having darkness in one's mind. Alternate translation: "because we do not understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/37/20.md b/job/37/20.md index 92816414d0..77fe2e2a30 100644 --- a/job/37/20.md +++ b/job/37/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one would want this to # to be swallowed up Elihu speaks of a person being destroyed as if the person were swallowed up. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for God to destroy him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/37/21.md b/job/37/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/37/21.md +++ b/job/37/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/37/22.md b/job/37/22.md index 3531aa8ea7..5c7e281dca 100644 --- a/job/37/22.md +++ b/job/37/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # over God is fearsome majesty The word "fearsome" means that it causes fear. Elihu speaks of God's majesty as if it were something that rests upon God. Alternate translation: "God's majesty causes people to fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/37/23.md b/job/37/23.md index 9a4665ca9b..a8c6a6c4a9 100644 --- a/job/37/23.md +++ b/job/37/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we cannot find him Possible meanings are 1) "we cannot approach him" or 2) this is a metaphor in which Elihu speaks of a person's being unable to fully understand God as if he could not find God. Alternate translation: "we cannot comprehend him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/37/24.md b/job/37/24.md index c81c5a5329..4b520fc7aa 100644 --- a/job/37/24.md +++ b/job/37/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who are wise in their own minds Here "minds" represents the person's thoughts. Alternate translation: "those who are wise in their own thinking" or "those who consider themselves to be wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/37/intro.md b/job/37/intro.md index f9ec7cbd34..bd710a65f8 100644 --- a/job/37/intro.md +++ b/job/37/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Job 37 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is a continuation of the previous chapter and the last of Elihu's four statements, and it is addressed first to Job's friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. His attitude is not too different from Job's friends. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's justice -#### Yahweh's justice This chapter focuses on the justice of Yahweh. It is important to remember that justice won't always come in this life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter focuses on the justice of Yahweh. It is important to remember that * __[Job 37:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../36/intro.md) | [>>](../38/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/38/01.md b/job/38/01.md index 5372c8e694..9b4c5d487f 100644 --- a/job/38/01.md +++ b/job/38/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here, the word "then" marks the beginning of a new part of the book. See if your # out of a fierce storm "from a powerful storm" - diff --git a/job/38/02.md b/job/38/02.md index b146c595fb..e72f51da4f 100644 --- a/job/38/02.md +++ b/job/38/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that Job spoke of things he did not know # words without knowledge The abstract noun "knowledge" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "unknowing words" or "ignorant words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/38/03.md b/job/38/03.md index 5e20516e40..22411e8bfb 100644 --- a/job/38/03.md +++ b/job/38/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gird up your loins like a man "tie your robe up around your waist like a man." Men tied up their robes around their waists so that their legs could move more freely as they did heavy work. The idiom "gird up your loins like a man" means to get ready to do something involving action such as work, a contest, or a battle. Job was to prepare for the hard work of answering God. Alternate translation: "get yourself ready for hard work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/38/04.md b/job/38/04.md index 03a3066fdc..f671a97030 100644 --- a/job/38/04.md +++ b/job/38/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh describes creating the earth as though he was building a structure. (See: # if you have so much understanding The abstract noun "understanding" can be translated as the verb "understand." Alternate translation: "if you understand so much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/38/05.md b/job/38/05.md index cf07c23f4e..a452d0f68d 100644 --- a/job/38/05.md +++ b/job/38/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Tell me who stret # measuring line a rope or cord that people use to make something the right size and shape - diff --git a/job/38/06.md b/job/38/06.md index 10cb406f0d..ff7f57f972 100644 --- a/job/38/06.md +++ b/job/38/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. This can be translated as a statement. Altern # Who laid its cornerstone This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Tell me who laid its cornerstone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/38/07.md b/job/38/07.md index 33213a951a..d145151f4b 100644 --- a/job/38/07.md +++ b/job/38/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The abstract noun "joy" can be translated as the adverb "joyfully." Alternate tr # for joy "because they were full of joy" - diff --git a/job/38/08.md b/job/38/08.md index a3b23821b3..90dc6b6eb3 100644 --- a/job/38/08.md +++ b/job/38/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh compares the way that he prevented the sea from covering all of the earth # as if it had come out of the womb Yahweh compares his creation of the sea to childbirth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/38/09.md b/job/38/09.md index 70710ef0b1..d12afd2918 100644 --- a/job/38/09.md +++ b/job/38/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "darkness" can be translated as the adjective "dark." Alternat # swaddling bands long pieces of cloth that people use to wrap a baby in after it is born - diff --git a/job/38/10.md b/job/38/10.md index 60d0c6528a..d738dbc0aa 100644 --- a/job/38/10.md +++ b/job/38/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh compares the way that he made a boundary for the sea to containing the se # bars long pieces of wood or metal that are used to keep a door shut - diff --git a/job/38/11.md b/job/38/11.md index 8100954b2a..775e5d03dc 100644 --- a/job/38/11.md +++ b/job/38/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "this far" mean only as far as the boundary that Yahweh set up. Altern # to the pride of your waves "to the power of your waves." The waves are spoken of as if they could have pride. The abstract noun "pride" can be translated as the adjective "proud." Alternate translation: "to your proud waves" or "to your powerful waves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/38/12.md b/job/38/12.md index 92c2497c5b..f589c6d635 100644 --- a/job/38/12.md +++ b/job/38/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh describes the morning as being able to receive orders and know things lik # dawn the daylight that appears in the morning sky before the sun rises - diff --git a/job/38/13.md b/job/38/13.md index b184762efd..0c293e88fb 100644 --- a/job/38/13.md +++ b/job/38/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The light of dawn is spoken of as if it seizes the horizons of the earth. Altern # shake the wicked out of it The daylight is pictured as causing wicked people to leave like shaking something to remove unwanted things. Alternate translation: "shake wicked people out of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/38/14.md b/job/38/14.md index 29864d9b65..96f7212cbe 100644 --- a/job/38/14.md +++ b/job/38/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ At nighttime, people cannot see clearly, but in the morning the light reveals th # all things on it stand out clearly like the folds of a piece of clothing Here "it" refers to the earth. This phrase has a similar meaning to the first phrase in this verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/38/15.md b/job/38/15.md index 0e2a2e0601..09065b0a1f 100644 --- a/job/38/15.md +++ b/job/38/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The wicked consider darkness to be their light, because they do their evil deeds # their uplifted arm is broken The raised arm of the wicked represents their power and intention to do evil things, but the wicked stop doing those evil things when the morning light comes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/38/16.md b/job/38/16.md index 2c44cb45bb..be51a78e32 100644 --- a/job/38/16.md +++ b/job/38/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "You have not walke # the deep This refers to the sea or ocean where the water is very deep. Alternate translation: "the deep sea" or "the ocean depths" or "the deep water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/job/38/17.md b/job/38/17.md index a0f6afd0b5..ebe209df42 100644 --- a/job/38/17.md +++ b/job/38/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Death is spoken of as if it were a city that had gates through which people ente # the shadow of death See how you translated this in [Job 3:5](../03/05.md). - diff --git a/job/38/18.md b/job/38/18.md index 7c19677547..610cb95e4c 100644 --- a/job/38/18.md +++ b/job/38/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "You do not underst # if you know it all "if you know all about these things" - diff --git a/job/38/19.md b/job/38/19.md index 6286b1d396..48efe846c4 100644 --- a/job/38/19.md +++ b/job/38/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "You do no # light "daylight" or "sunlight" - diff --git a/job/38/20.md b/job/38/20.md index e2fb96f0a0..f986984c1f 100644 --- a/job/38/20.md +++ b/job/38/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These questions expect a negative answer. They can be expressed as statements. A # to their places of work "to their territory." Light and darkness are spoken of as being led out and back each day to accomplish Yahweh's purposes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/38/21.md b/job/38/21.md index 2fde7aac84..5815acb186 100644 --- a/job/38/21.md +++ b/job/38/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh uses mocking irony to emphasize that Job does not understand light and da # the number of your days is so large "you have lived so many years" - diff --git a/job/38/22.md b/job/38/22.md index 921f57f09d..7dc0a758d5 100644 --- a/job/38/22.md +++ b/job/38/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Snow and hail are pictured as being stored by Yahweh to do his will. (See: [[rc: # hail balls of ice (usually small) that sometimes fall down from the sky during a storm - diff --git a/job/38/23.md b/job/38/23.md index 2f4e931c03..0b680090ef 100644 --- a/job/38/23.md +++ b/job/38/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The rhetorical question that begins with the words "Have you entered" in verse 2 # these things that I have kept The words "these things" refer to the snow and the hail (verse 22). - diff --git a/job/38/24.md b/job/38/24.md index fd94633db3..75fd0b47c6 100644 --- a/job/38/24.md +++ b/job/38/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "What is the path to # the winds are scattered "the winds are blown" - diff --git a/job/38/25.md b/job/38/25.md index 244e1d4df9..35ca6690a3 100644 --- a/job/38/25.md +++ b/job/38/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "and only I have m # a path for the thunder "a way for the rumble of thunder to be heard." - diff --git a/job/38/26.md b/job/38/26.md index 40653433ca..dc7f1959f0 100644 --- a/job/38/26.md +++ b/job/38/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have nearly the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # where no person exists "where there are no people" - diff --git a/job/38/27.md b/job/38/27.md index 0a17bc4bc8..ec0117cfea 100644 --- a/job/38/27.md +++ b/job/38/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The implied information is that it is the rain that meets the needs of the land # make the ground sprout with "make the ground support new grass" - diff --git a/job/38/28.md b/job/38/28.md index 71237cfd33..acd258828d 100644 --- a/job/38/28.md +++ b/job/38/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "Tell me who the r # fathers the drops of dew Becoming the father of the dew is a metaphor for creating it. Alternate translation: "causes the drops of dew to exist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/38/29.md b/job/38/29.md index 8868997bef..1b5a90e061 100644 --- a/job/38/29.md +++ b/job/38/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "Tell me whose wom # the white frost dew that freezes on the ground on cold, clear nights - diff --git a/job/38/30.md b/job/38/30.md index 19aa14fdbf..b8bfc432f2 100644 --- a/job/38/30.md +++ b/job/38/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The hardness of ice is spoken of as if it was stone. Alternate translation: "bec # the deep This refers to the sea or ocean where the water is very deep. Alternate translation: "the deep sea" or "the ocean depths" or "the deep water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/job/38/31.md b/job/38/31.md index aa9960f18f..b24db716ac 100644 --- a/job/38/31.md +++ b/job/38/31.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are the names of constellations. See how you translated them in [Job 9:9]( # undo the cords of Orion "loosen the cords that hold Orion" - diff --git a/job/38/32.md b/job/38/32.md index 831c9c0a69..45e39cb017 100644 --- a/job/38/32.md +++ b/job/38/32.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of a constellation. Translate as in [Job 9:9](../09/09.md). # its children "its cubs" - diff --git a/job/38/33.md b/job/38/33.md index 12cd225425..9a780a942e 100644 --- a/job/38/33.md +++ b/job/38/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you know the regulations of the sky? Could you set in place the sky's rule over the earth? These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "You do not know the regulations of the sky? You could not set in place the sky's rule over the earth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/38/34.md b/job/38/34.md index f56565e8e9..b68a83f9d3 100644 --- a/job/38/34.md +++ b/job/38/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "You cannot raise # an abundance of rainwater The abstract noun "abundance" can be translated as the adjective "abundant." Alternate translation: "an abundant amount of rainwater" or "a flood of waters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/38/35.md b/job/38/35.md index 4f9f5de3b5..0839a29fbd 100644 --- a/job/38/35.md +++ b/job/38/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "You cannot send o # Here we are The lightning bolts are spoken of as servants saying they are ready to follow commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/38/36.md b/job/38/36.md index f47b62fab0..f8edac8c8d 100644 --- a/job/38/36.md +++ b/job/38/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "I am th # has put wisdom in the clouds "has given wisdom to the clouds" - diff --git a/job/38/37.md b/job/38/37.md index 3d3e4e9953..b2daad3ae8 100644 --- a/job/38/37.md +++ b/job/38/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I am the one who # the water skins These are skins that people sew together so that they can hold water. Yahweh refers to the thick clouds as "waters skins" because they hold much water just like water skins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/38/38.md b/job/38/38.md index 5ec630dfda..4e4e4fa8ce 100644 --- a/job/38/38.md +++ b/job/38/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The rain makes the loose dry dirt stick together like one piece of dirt. This ca # the clods of earth clump tightly together "the lumps of soil stick together" - diff --git a/job/38/39.md b/job/38/39.md index 64c4a1f8bc..7be7db7d25 100644 --- a/job/38/39.md +++ b/job/38/39.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ hunger # of her young lion cubs "of young lions." These are young lions that are old enough to hunt for themselves. - diff --git a/job/38/40.md b/job/38/40.md index 96bf33969a..81309d36da 100644 --- a/job/38/40.md +++ b/job/38/40.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A "den" is a lair or shelter where lions live. # to lie in wait The implied information is that the lions are hiding and waiting for their prey to come near. Alternate translation: "to lie waiting for a victim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/38/41.md b/job/38/41.md index 121407a271..d6e4d3e4cc 100644 --- a/job/38/41.md +++ b/job/38/41.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This means to walk around in an unsteady way. # for lack of food "because they have no food" or "because they have nothing to eat" - diff --git a/job/38/intro.md b/job/38/intro.md index f039db26a1..4d4e39316d 100644 --- a/job/38/intro.md +++ b/job/38/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 38 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Yahweh finally speaks in this chapter. +The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Yahweh finally speaks in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's greatness -Yahweh is far greater than any man. He is the creator of the earth, and his ways will not always be understood by men because their knowledge is always limited. +### Yahweh's greatness -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +Yahweh is far greater than any man. He is the creator of the earth, and his ways will not always be understood by men because their knowledge is always limited. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend his character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend * __[Job 38:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../37/intro.md) | [>>](../39/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/39/01.md b/job/39/01.md index be789dc7d4..091ab8bb75 100644 --- a/job/39/01.md +++ b/job/39/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You are not able # are having their fawns "give birth to their fawns" - diff --git a/job/39/02.md b/job/39/02.md index fa364d51d0..ea0ee97810 100644 --- a/job/39/02.md +++ b/job/39/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the goats and the deer. # Do you know the time when they bear their young? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Of course you do not know when they give birth to their young." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/39/03.md b/job/39/03.md index 1eb49b4390..8417180de3 100644 --- a/job/39/03.md +++ b/job/39/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "They" refers to the wild mountain goats and the deer. # then they finish their labor pains Possible meanings are 1) their labor pains are over when the birth is finished or 2) "labor pains" is a metonym that refers to the offspring of the goats and deer because they are the result of the mother's labor and pain. Alternate translation: "send out their offspring from their womb" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/39/04.md b/job/39/04.md index fdde95527a..946f2cb5bc 100644 --- a/job/39/04.md +++ b/job/39/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do not return to them "do not come back to them" or "do not come back to their mothers" - diff --git a/job/39/05.md b/job/39/05.md index fd0441d478..09bda9a805 100644 --- a/job/39/05.md +++ b/job/39/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I am the one who # bonds ropes, chains, or straps that hold an animal and keep it from running away - diff --git a/job/39/06.md b/job/39/06.md index 88f15cbecd..16702d9e1f 100644 --- a/job/39/06.md +++ b/job/39/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh describes the donkey as though he were a person that had a house. "I gave # the salt land the land around the Salt Sea that has a lot of salt in it - diff --git a/job/39/07.md b/job/39/07.md index 50d56652f4..d0dfa6d6c6 100644 --- a/job/39/07.md +++ b/job/39/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh describes the donkey as though he were a person. The donkey laughs becaus # the driver's someone who forces an animal to work - diff --git a/job/39/08.md b/job/39/08.md index 89c1559848..4f87e3f630 100644 --- a/job/39/08.md +++ b/job/39/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pastures places where animals can eat plants growing in the field - diff --git a/job/39/09.md b/job/39/09.md index 887b97a576..e06344914c 100644 --- a/job/39/09.md +++ b/job/39/09.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "He will # manger something that holds food so that animals can eat it - diff --git a/job/39/10.md b/job/39/10.md index d0b172c4ff..f7118ce288 100644 --- a/job/39/10.md +++ b/job/39/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "He will # harrow to smooth and break up the soil - diff --git a/job/39/11.md b/job/39/11.md index 4f4cb807c3..2dd97ab40b 100644 --- a/job/39/11.md +++ b/job/39/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You will # leave your labor to him to do "have him do your hard work for you" - diff --git a/job/39/12.md b/job/39/12.md index 2479203d0a..ebf9bd95ae 100644 --- a/job/39/12.md +++ b/job/39/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Will you depend on him ... grain for your threshing floor? These two clauses basically mean the same thing. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You will not be able to depend on him ... grain for your threshing floor." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/job/39/13.md b/job/39/13.md index bab700beea..750f89eec6 100644 --- a/job/39/13.md +++ b/job/39/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ the smaller feathers that cover the body of a bird # of love The Hebrew word is uncertain. Possible meanings are 1) "of faithfulness" or 2) "of a stork." The name of the stork meant "the faithful one" or "the loving one" because people knew that storks take very good care of their chicks. - diff --git a/job/39/14.md b/job/39/14.md index 37d04d0bf6..863b433c68 100644 --- a/job/39/14.md +++ b/job/39/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the earth "on the ground" - diff --git a/job/39/15.md b/job/39/15.md index 32f18504fb..534a766a1d 100644 --- a/job/39/15.md +++ b/job/39/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the eggs. # trample them "step on them" - diff --git a/job/39/16.md b/job/39/16.md index 5eaf84fa3c..81b4d08b14 100644 --- a/job/39/16.md +++ b/job/39/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the work that she does when she lays the eggs # might have been in vain If the chicks die, all of her work was useless. Alternate translation: "might have been useless if the chicks die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/39/17.md b/job/39/17.md index 0fcf70451e..bc82265ac8 100644 --- a/job/39/17.md +++ b/job/39/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # understanding See how you translated this in [Job 11:6](../11/06.md). - diff --git a/job/39/18.md b/job/39/18.md index 4f321861ed..ab69cc3417 100644 --- a/job/39/18.md +++ b/job/39/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This verse is in contrast to her weakness in caring for her chicks. Alternate tr # she laughs ... its rider It is implied that she laughs because she is faster than the horse. Alternate translation: "she laughs ... its rider because she can run faster than the horse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/39/19.md b/job/39/19.md index 0d5579352b..d2347bfc0b 100644 --- a/job/39/19.md +++ b/job/39/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The horse's "mane" is spoken of as if it was clothing for the neck of the horse. # flowing mane the long hair on the top of the neck of a horse - diff --git a/job/39/20.md b/job/39/20.md index 6bb8b99058..7dcbbf0aad 100644 --- a/job/39/20.md +++ b/job/39/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a large kind of grasshopper that can jump very far and very quickly # snorting a very loud sound that horses make with their nose - diff --git a/job/39/21.md b/job/39/21.md index c750d76055..22d6adff3d 100644 --- a/job/39/21.md +++ b/job/39/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "He" refers to the horse. The horse paws the ground because he is very # to meet the weapons Here "the weapons" represent the battle in which they are used. Alternate translation: "to join in the battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/39/22.md b/job/39/22.md index 5821b72311..5828c083e1 100644 --- a/job/39/22.md +++ b/job/39/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ discouraged # does not turn back "does not run away" - diff --git a/job/39/23.md b/job/39/23.md index e80a3d1871..5f1ce272e7 100644 --- a/job/39/23.md +++ b/job/39/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the side of a horse # javelin a long stick with a sharp end that people throw at their enemies - diff --git a/job/39/24.md b/job/39/24.md index 9d2e9c6081..81c72a4eff 100644 --- a/job/39/24.md +++ b/job/39/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It can be stated that someone blows the ram's horn. Alternate translation: "when # he cannot stand in one place "he is too excited to stand still" - diff --git a/job/39/25.md b/job/39/25.md index 88b42be051..b6280a4c7d 100644 --- a/job/39/25.md +++ b/job/39/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that the horse hears these things. Alternate translation: "he hear # the outcries "the battle cries." People have special shouts that they use in war to show their great strength and bravery and to scare the enemy. - diff --git a/job/39/26.md b/job/39/26.md index 3fdb1b71af..7f3977936e 100644 --- a/job/39/26.md +++ b/job/39/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the stretching out of his wings refers to flying. Alternate translation: "f # for the south In the biblical geography, birds fly south during the winter in order to live in warmer climates. - diff --git a/job/39/27.md b/job/39/27.md index 4fc48f9ed1..64fb2b580d 100644 --- a/job/39/27.md +++ b/job/39/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "orders" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "beca # mounts up This means he flies upward. Alternate translation: "flies up into the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/39/28.md b/job/39/28.md index 4d56e02ab6..4ba7ed6d48 100644 --- a/job/39/28.md +++ b/job/39/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a stronghold The high cliffs are strongholds for eagles because the animals that would want to eat them cannot reach them. - diff --git a/job/39/29.md b/job/39/29.md index fc77d73023..b1d9973761 100644 --- a/job/39/29.md +++ b/job/39/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "he" refers to the eagle. # his eyes see them Here "his eyes" refer to the eagle. Alternate translation: "he sees them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/job/39/30.md b/job/39/30.md index 363558d315..49663b677c 100644 --- a/job/39/30.md +++ b/job/39/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # there he is It can be made explicit that he comes to eat the dead bodies. Alternate translation: "he is there to eat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/39/intro.md b/job/39/intro.md index 54aaedd233..7ba65ef1f0 100644 --- a/job/39/intro.md +++ b/job/39/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Job 39 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Yahweh continues to speak in this chapter. +The ULB sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Yahweh continues to speak in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's greatness -Yahweh is far greater than any man. He is the creator of the earth, and his ways will not always be understood by men because their knowledge is always limited. Since Job cannot understand creation, he cannot truly understand Yahweh. +### Yahweh's greatness -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +Yahweh is far greater than any man. He is the creator of the earth, and his ways will not always be understood by men because their knowledge is always limited. Since Job cannot understand creation, he cannot truly understand Yahweh. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend his character. Many of these questions focus on nature because Yahweh is the creator of the heavens and the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend * __[Job 39:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../38/intro.md) | [>>](../40/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/40/01.md b/job/40/01.md index 0dd042b021..d90d747b18 100644 --- a/job/40/01.md +++ b/job/40/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job. - diff --git a/job/40/02.md b/job/40/02.md index 4945a5bb7b..35bfa0d5c0 100644 --- a/job/40/02.md +++ b/job/40/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is rebuking Job. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate transla # He who argues with God, let him answer Yahweh speaks of Job and himself as if they were two other people to remind Job that no person anywhere should argue with God. Alternate translation: "You want to argue with me, so answer me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/job/40/03.md b/job/40/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/40/03.md +++ b/job/40/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/40/04.md b/job/40/04.md index 6741f55117..8832b46468 100644 --- a/job/40/04.md +++ b/job/40/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # how can I answer you? Job uses this question to apologize for questioning God. Alternate translation: "I cannot answer you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/40/05.md b/job/40/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/40/05.md +++ b/job/40/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/40/06.md b/job/40/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/40/06.md +++ b/job/40/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/40/07.md b/job/40/07.md index 3f7e7bcbb1..5554ebd2de 100644 --- a/job/40/07.md +++ b/job/40/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gird up your loins like a man A man who tucks his robe up under his sash or belt is preparing for hard physical work, and Job was to prepare for the hard work of answering God. See how you translated this in [Job 38:3](../38/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/40/08.md b/job/40/08.md index b7fa84f4f8..ebbb22a76a 100644 --- a/job/40/08.md +++ b/job/40/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "actually" indicates that Yahweh is surprised that Job would say that Y # Will you condemn me so you may claim that you are in the right? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You are condemning me so you can claim that you are innocent." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/40/09.md b/job/40/09.md index 7e8000b0dd..d549cef0f0 100644 --- a/job/40/09.md +++ b/job/40/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "thunder with a voice" is a metaphor for speaking in way that is extremely # a voice like his "a voice like his voice" - diff --git a/job/40/10.md b/job/40/10.md index 5f79ea7ccc..9513c4addc 100644 --- a/job/40/10.md +++ b/job/40/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # clothe yourself in glory and dignity; array yourself in honor and majesty The abstract nouns "glory," "dignity," "honor," and "majesty" are spoken of as if they were clothing that a person could put on. They can be translated as adjectives and verbs. Alternate translation: "make yourself glorious; do something great so people will respect you and honor you; make people think you are a great king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/40/11.md b/job/40/11.md index 8ac70d0084..16dd2dc6a3 100644 --- a/job/40/11.md +++ b/job/40/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "anger" is spoken of as it it were something that usually coul # bring him low "take away everything he is proud of" - diff --git a/job/40/12.md b/job/40/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/40/12.md +++ b/job/40/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/40/13.md b/job/40/13.md index fa44fa133e..993158da33 100644 --- a/job/40/13.md +++ b/job/40/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "face" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "them" (See: [[rc # the hidden place a euphemism for the place where people's spirits go when they die (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/job/40/14.md b/job/40/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/40/14.md +++ b/job/40/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/40/15.md b/job/40/15.md index 31e26bc43d..0ed159e053 100644 --- a/job/40/15.md +++ b/job/40/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the behemoth eats # eats grass like an ox Both the behemoth and the ox eat grass. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/40/16.md b/job/40/16.md index 20c53070f1..2daaa42728 100644 --- a/job/40/16.md +++ b/job/40/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "See now" indicates that what follows is an exhortation for the heare # loins ... belly's muscles These two phrases refer to the same part of the body. - diff --git a/job/40/17.md b/job/40/17.md index 3d818390d6..15006038e5 100644 --- a/job/40/17.md +++ b/job/40/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like a cedar Cedar is a very hard wood, and his tail becomes very hard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/40/18.md b/job/40/18.md index 0d2191dcef..2e3e2654f1 100644 --- a/job/40/18.md +++ b/job/40/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here, his bones are compared to tubes made of bronze to show how tough this anim # like bars of iron This last comparison describes the strength of this great animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/40/19.md b/job/40/19.md index 95bb6989e3..6925f6e56d 100644 --- a/job/40/19.md +++ b/job/40/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the creatures of God. Only God Yahweh speaks as if he were another person. Alternate translation: "of my creatures. Only I, God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/job/40/20.md b/job/40/20.md index aee8a9206e..4802d763fd 100644 --- a/job/40/20.md +++ b/job/40/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hills provide him with food The hills are spoken of as if they were people capable of giving him food. Alternate translation: "food grows on the hills for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/job/40/21.md b/job/40/21.md index 6663d81e55..d97b195442 100644 --- a/job/40/21.md +++ b/job/40/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ flowering plants that float on the water in swampy areas # reeds tall grasses found in swamps or marshes - diff --git a/job/40/22.md b/job/40/22.md index e692b61ec0..319c3d838f 100644 --- a/job/40/22.md +++ b/job/40/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ flowering plants that float on the water in swampy areas. See how you translated # willows of the brook Willows are large trees that grow in damp ground. If they are unknown in your culture, you can use a general term for trees that grow near water. - diff --git a/job/40/23.md b/job/40/23.md index 07fb219d9a..00739b45a1 100644 --- a/job/40/23.md +++ b/job/40/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ sides of the river # though the Jordan should surge up to his mouth "even if the flood of the Jordan should come up to his mouth" - diff --git a/job/40/24.md b/job/40/24.md index cf88994bc2..f3c5e9e219 100644 --- a/job/40/24.md +++ b/job/40/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Can anyone capture him with a hook ... snare? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can capture him with a hook or pierce his nose through with a snare." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/40/intro.md b/job/40/intro.md index 446bc1bffa..464f1238dc 100644 --- a/job/40/intro.md +++ b/job/40/intro.md @@ -1,27 +1,29 @@ # Job 40 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of 40:1-2, 4-5, 7-24, which are extended quotations of Job and Yahweh, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. +Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of 40:1-2, 4-5, 7-24, which are extended quotations of Job and Yahweh, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Job's righteousness -In seeking to defend his own righteousness, Job accuses Yahweh of being unjust. Yahweh asks a very important question: "Will you condemn me so you may claim you are right?" This is the essence of Job's error. +### Job's righteousness -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +In seeking to defend his own righteousness, Job accuses Yahweh of being unjust. Yahweh asks a very important question: "Will you condemn me so you may claim you are right?" This is the essence of Job's error. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Irony -#### Irony Yahweh states, "He who argues with God, let him answer." Job immediately answers him. This is irony. While Job is forced to acknowledge the power of Yahweh, he does not repent of his former statements. Because of this, Yahweh asks him more questions. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Animals -There are several animals mentioned in this chapter that do not exist and may never have existed. It may be necessary to leave these names untranslated or to translate their names as adjectives. +### Animals + +There are several animals mentioned in this chapter that do not exist and may never have existed. It may be necessary to leave these names untranslated or to translate their names as adjectives. ## Links: * __[Job 40:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../39/intro.md) | [>>](../41/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/41/01.md b/job/41/01.md index cd4dc69a1d..946f28b44d 100644 --- a/job/41/01.md +++ b/job/41/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "can you" are understood from the previous question. They can be repea # his jaws Leviathan's jaws - diff --git a/job/41/02.md b/job/41/02.md index 704848a980..0a0c2cc946 100644 --- a/job/41/02.md +++ b/job/41/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Can you put a rope into his nose ... with a hook? God uses this question to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that you cannot put a rope into Leviathan's nose ... with a hook." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/41/03.md b/job/41/03.md index 14759ed444..afc7ebcf9c 100644 --- a/job/41/03.md +++ b/job/41/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Leviathan # Will he speak soft words to you? God uses this question to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that he will not speak soft words to you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/41/04.md b/job/41/04.md index 28729b9995..ad8661c65d 100644 --- a/job/41/04.md +++ b/job/41/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know # he ... him The words "he" and "him" refer to Leviathan. - diff --git a/job/41/05.md b/job/41/05.md index 5ef4c2daa3..2e26f7f960 100644 --- a/job/41/05.md +++ b/job/41/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know # Will you tie him up for your servant girls? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that you cannot tie him up for your servant girls." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/41/06.md b/job/41/06.md index 209fa4099b..81d58118cd 100644 --- a/job/41/06.md +++ b/job/41/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know # Will they divide "Will the groups of fishermen divide" - diff --git a/job/41/07.md b/job/41/07.md index 5c0cbe9190..cf104e4953 100644 --- a/job/41/07.md +++ b/job/41/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Leviathan's # harpoons large spears with barbed points that people use to hunt large sea creatures - diff --git a/job/41/08.md b/job/41/08.md index c77e29176f..334638b2ac 100644 --- a/job/41/08.md +++ b/job/41/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # him Leviathan - diff --git a/job/41/09.md b/job/41/09.md index 877a6fff16..f4461b6190 100644 --- a/job/41/09.md +++ b/job/41/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This generalization can be translated as a statement in active form. Alternate t # the sight of him "by looking at him" or "by seeing him" - diff --git a/job/41/10.md b/job/41/10.md index 05279ac7c5..b4a62726b2 100644 --- a/job/41/10.md +++ b/job/41/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to rebuke Job by asking him rhetorical questions. He uses rheto # None is so fierce that he dare stir Leviathan up; who, then, is he who can stand before me? It would be easier to stir up Leviathan than to stand before Yahweh. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Since you know that no person is so fierce that he dare stir Leviathan up, you should certainly know that no one can stand before me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/41/11.md b/job/41/11.md index a94f60c8e0..b622a938e3 100644 --- a/job/41/11.md +++ b/job/41/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who has first given anything to me in order that I should repay him? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that no one has first given anything to me, so there is no one whom I need to repay." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/41/12.md b/job/41/12.md index fb1dac1cd9..5ebef39cb5 100644 --- a/job/41/12.md +++ b/job/41/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are three things about which God will not keep silent. # his The word "his" refers to Leviathan. - diff --git a/job/41/13.md b/job/41/13.md index 8923ef3996..98ee7b22ed 100644 --- a/job/41/13.md +++ b/job/41/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Leviathan's # Who can penetrate his double armor? The word "armor" is a metaphor for the hard scales or hide on his back. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can penetrate his very thick hide." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/41/14.md b/job/41/14.md index 9245407f01..ad7995a710 100644 --- a/job/41/14.md +++ b/job/41/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who can open the doors of his face ... terror? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can pry his jaws apart ... terror." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/job/41/15.md b/job/41/15.md index 274dfaeb6a..32feef1daf 100644 --- a/job/41/15.md +++ b/job/41/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "shields" is a metaphor for Leviathan's hide. Both shields and Leviatha # tight together as with a close seal This means the "shields" are very close to one another and nothing can get between them. - diff --git a/job/41/16.md b/job/41/16.md index faf6226be7..4f0bc4f8f5 100644 --- a/job/41/16.md +++ b/job/41/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ One row of shields is so near to another ([Job 41:15](../41/15.md)). # between them between the rows of shields ([Job 41:15](../41/15.md)) - diff --git a/job/41/17.md b/job/41/17.md index a068b3d984..ef665d6508 100644 --- a/job/41/17.md +++ b/job/41/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the rows of shields ([Job 41:15](../41/15.md)). # they cannot be pulled apart This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one can pull them apart" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/41/18.md b/job/41/18.md index 21aa617795..bb6f94eddd 100644 --- a/job/41/18.md +++ b/job/41/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that his eyes are red as the morning dawn is red. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # his The word "his" refers to Leviathan. - diff --git a/job/41/19.md b/job/41/19.md index 96318532ea..364a07c1e5 100644 --- a/job/41/19.md +++ b/job/41/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God expresses the same idea in two different ways in order to emphasize the terr # his The word "his" refers to Leviathan. - diff --git a/job/41/20.md b/job/41/20.md index 96f3ece488..b6237069be 100644 --- a/job/41/20.md +++ b/job/41/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the two openings of the nose # smoke like a boiling pot Both the smoke and a boiling pot are very hot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/41/21.md b/job/41/21.md index 2aafcd2b56..7a1e63b953 100644 --- a/job/41/21.md +++ b/job/41/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # kindles coals into flame "causes coals to catch fire" - diff --git a/job/41/22.md b/job/41/22.md index 9cd2bfbd87..3bb634b434 100644 --- a/job/41/22.md +++ b/job/41/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "his" and "him" refer to Leviathan. # terror dances in front of him The abstract noun "terror" can be translated as the verb "be afraid." Alternate translation: "when people see him coming, they are very afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/41/23.md b/job/41/23.md index b93737f5f9..d1e7a351a9 100644 --- a/job/41/23.md +++ b/job/41/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they cannot be moved This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one can move them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/41/24.md b/job/41/24.md index 719b579b82..f64ceca4c0 100644 --- a/job/41/24.md +++ b/job/41/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A rock or stone does not change and become soft. Possible meanings are 1) Leviat # a lower millstone "the hardest of rocks." The lower millstone is the larger and harder of the two rocks used to grind grain. It would be the hardest rock people could find. - diff --git a/job/41/25.md b/job/41/25.md index 9caa0fd53b..5299a8efd0 100644 --- a/job/41/25.md +++ b/job/41/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Leviathan # the gods Possible meanings are 1) "mighty people" or 2) "very strong people" . - diff --git a/job/41/26.md b/job/41/26.md index 3c65d573cc..35adda6be3 100644 --- a/job/41/26.md +++ b/job/41/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # strikes him strikes Leviathan - diff --git a/job/41/27.md b/job/41/27.md index 6b46b9ab73..2e0c76894b 100644 --- a/job/41/27.md +++ b/job/41/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # of bronze as if it were rotten wood You can make this clear by adding the omitted words. Alternate translation: "he thinks of weapons made of bronze as if they were weapons made of rotten wood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/41/28.md b/job/41/28.md index 9664d84d1f..819a1b0a35 100644 --- a/job/41/28.md +++ b/job/41/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Chaff cannot hurt Leviathan, and sling stones are just as ineffective as chaff. # him ... him Leviathan - diff --git a/job/41/29.md b/job/41/29.md index 8c6abbc0c7..59dea13d51 100644 --- a/job/41/29.md +++ b/job/41/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The person throwing the spear hopes that the spear will kill Leviathan, but the # he laughs Leviathan laughs - diff --git a/job/41/30.md b/job/41/30.md index 4192c538cd..48f32c818d 100644 --- a/job/41/30.md +++ b/job/41/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to Leviathan. # he leaves a spreading trail in the mud as if he were a threshing sledge Just as a threshing sledge goes over grain on a threshing floor and turns it to powder, so Leviathan's tail leaves a trail in the mud as he wags it when he walks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/41/31.md b/job/41/31.md index ba88d042a1..b5d5c007ec 100644 --- a/job/41/31.md +++ b/job/41/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Leviathan. # he makes the sea like a pot of ointment The ointment in a pot is cloudy if someone shakes it, and the sea is muddy when Leviathan swims in it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/job/41/32.md b/job/41/32.md index 43b91b566a..0d4489fff4 100644 --- a/job/41/32.md +++ b/job/41/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one would think the deep had gray hair This is because the bubbles in his wake are white. - diff --git a/job/41/33.md b/job/41/33.md index 7501925788..487668f7cf 100644 --- a/job/41/33.md +++ b/job/41/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # him Leviathan - diff --git a/job/41/34.md b/job/41/34.md index 7b7606eaec..7c8aee7e96 100644 --- a/job/41/34.md +++ b/job/41/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Leviathan is spoken of as if he were a person who is able to become king and be # He ... he Leviathan - diff --git a/job/41/intro.md b/job/41/intro.md index 8fbddfe3a4..cf1a7ed55c 100644 --- a/job/41/intro.md +++ b/job/41/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # Job 41 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of this chapter, which is an extended quotation of Yahweh, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. It is a continuation of the previous chapter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend his character and to convince Job to repent. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Animals +### Animals There are several animals mentioned in this chapter that do not exist and may never have existed. It may be necessary to leave these names untranslated or to translate their names as adjectives. @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ There are several animals mentioned in this chapter that do not exist and may ne * __[Job 41:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../40/intro.md) | [>>](../42/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/job/42/01.md b/job/42/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/42/01.md +++ b/job/42/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/42/02.md b/job/42/02.md index 259b2192f3..9a619e6b03 100644 --- a/job/42/02.md +++ b/job/42/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may want to repeat the words "I know." Alternate translation: "I know that y # no purpose of yours can be stopped This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one can stop any of your plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/job/42/03.md b/job/42/03.md index 46a6f48063..e76fe10ff5 100644 --- a/job/42/03.md +++ b/job/42/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The ULB and most modern versions agree that Job is loosely quoting God's own wor # conceals plans That is, hides or misrepresents God's plans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/job/42/04.md b/job/42/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/job/42/04.md +++ b/job/42/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/job/42/05.md b/job/42/05.md index d04a1358b5..a58c6c1fa2 100644 --- a/job/42/05.md +++ b/job/42/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but now my eye sees you The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents understanding. Alternate translation: "but now I really understand you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/42/06.md b/job/42/06.md index 8ad04047af..3591907d9d 100644 --- a/job/42/06.md +++ b/job/42/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ intensely dislike # I repent in dust and ashes Sitting in dust and ashes is a symbolic act showing the person is sorry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/job/42/07.md b/job/42/07.md index 0bc5a8a451..7ce30679be 100644 --- a/job/42/07.md +++ b/job/42/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md) # My wrath is kindled against you Fire is a metaphor for anger, and starting a fire is a metaphor for becoming angry. Alternate translation: "I have become very angry with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/job/42/08.md b/job/42/08.md index 2ce474292e..29064e93af 100644 --- a/job/42/08.md +++ b/job/42/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so that I may not deal with you after your folly The abstract noun "folly" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "even though you have been very foolish, I will not punish you as you deserve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/job/42/09.md b/job/42/09.md index 1b374ed840..66dd572409 100644 --- a/job/42/09.md +++ b/job/42/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md) # Yahweh accepted Job The person is a metonym for the prayer he prays. Alternate translation: "God accepted Job's prayer for his three friends" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/job/42/10.md b/job/42/10.md index bbcf3fd89e..4403f5e020 100644 --- a/job/42/10.md +++ b/job/42/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh reversed his captivity This is an idiom that means that Yahweh restored Job's good life. Alternate translation: "Yahweh restored his riches" or "Yahweh restored his wealth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/42/11.md b/job/42/11.md index a8e0021993..f048635a42 100644 --- a/job/42/11.md +++ b/job/42/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all who knew him before "all the people he had known before" - diff --git a/job/42/12.md b/job/42/12.md index 9578f31655..54c26ae0a3 100644 --- a/job/42/12.md +++ b/job/42/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "he blesed" and "of Job's life" are understood from the previous phras # one thousand yoke of oxen 1,000 yoke of oxen (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/job/42/13.md b/job/42/13.md index 5deb419e1c..640c02c703 100644 --- a/job/42/13.md +++ b/job/42/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven sons and three daughters 7 sons and 3 daughters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/job/42/14.md b/job/42/14.md index 796eb5b438..6a10c628b3 100644 --- a/job/42/14.md +++ b/job/42/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jemimah ... Keziah ... Keren-Happuch women's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/job/42/15.md b/job/42/15.md index b1519bb136..3257eef7ce 100644 --- a/job/42/15.md +++ b/job/42/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no women were found as beautiful as Job's daughters "Job's daughters were more beautiful than all the other women" - diff --git a/job/42/16.md b/job/42/16.md index e9d06667ff..5624cb70ec 100644 --- a/job/42/16.md +++ b/job/42/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lived 140 years "lived 140 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/job/42/17.md b/job/42/17.md index b34b00d9d2..b57f8d78db 100644 --- a/job/42/17.md +++ b/job/42/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # being old and full of days The words "full of days" means basically the same thing as "being old." The two phrases form a common idiom. Alternate translation: "a very old man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/job/42/intro.md b/job/42/intro.md index 7b03149502..ae44348405 100644 --- a/job/42/intro.md +++ b/job/42/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Job 42 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of 42:1-6, which is an extended quotation of Job, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. In this chapter Job shows his complete trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice -#### Justice Yahweh enacts justice at the end of this book. He punishes Job's friends and restores Job's blessings. Yahweh's blessing was not dependent upon Job's repentance, but upon Yahweh's grace. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh enacts justice at the end of this book. He punishes Job's friends and res * __[Job 42:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../41/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/job/front/intro.md b/job/front/intro.md index 20b3f483d1..4907d244ca 100644 --- a/job/front/intro.md +++ b/job/front/intro.md @@ -5,17 +5,25 @@ ### Outline of Job 1. Job is introduced (1:1–2:13) - - Job is blameless and wealthy (1:1–5) - - Yahweh allows Satan to test Job (1:6–2:10) + + - Job is blameless and wealthy (1:1–5) + - Yahweh allows Satan to test Job (1:6–2:10) + 1. Three friends speak to Job (3:1–14:22) - - Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar - - Job replies to each + + - Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar + - Job replies to each + 1. They speak to him again (15:1–21:34) - - Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar - - Job replies to each + + - Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar + - Job replies to each + 1. They speak a third time (22:1–31:40) - - Eliphaz and Bildad - - Job replies to each + + - Eliphaz and Bildad + - Job replies to each + 1. Elihu speaks to Job (32:1–37:24) 1. Yahweh answers Job out of the whirlwind (38:1–41:34) 1. Job is humbled before Yahweh (42:1–6) @@ -46,15 +54,14 @@ Job 2:11 refers to Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar as the friends of Job. But they d ### When did the events in the Book of Job take place? -We do not know when the events in the Book of Job took place. It seems to be set around the time of Abraham and Isaac in the Book of Genesis. However, some verses are similar to ones in the Books of Proverbs and Isaiah, which are set much later. +We do not know when the events in the Book of Job took place. It seems to be set around the time of Abraham and Isaac in the Book of Genesis. However, some verses are similar to ones in the Books of Proverbs and Isaiah, which are set much later. ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues ### What style of writing is in the Book of Job? -The writer starts and ends the Book of Job by telling what happened to Job in narrative form. He wrote the other parts in poetry form. In the ancient Near East, writers often used poetry to discuss matters of wisdom. +The writer starts and ends the Book of Job by telling what happened to Job in narrative form. He wrote the other parts in poetry form. In the ancient Near East, writers often used poetry to discuss matters of wisdom. ### Is the Book of Job difficult to translate? -The Book of Job has many uncommon words and phrases, making parts of it hard to understand translate. For this reason, translators may decide to translate this book after they have translated other books of the Bible. However, since the writer did not connect Job with a specific time or place in history, the translator may decide to translate this book before other Old Testament books. - +The Book of Job has many uncommon words and phrases, making parts of it hard to understand translate. For this reason, translators may decide to translate this book after they have translated other books of the Bible. However, since the writer did not connect Job with a specific time or place in history, the translator may decide to translate this book before other Old Testament books. diff --git a/jol/01/01.md b/jol/01/01.md index 4456de2f09..26370657d1 100644 --- a/jol/01/01.md +++ b/jol/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # Pethuel Joel's father (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jol/01/02.md b/jol/01/02.md index e465197864..c2abbd7fa1 100644 --- a/jol/01/02.md +++ b/jol/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Has anything like this happened in your days or in the days of your ancestors? Joel is preparing the elders to listen to what he has to say. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Nothing like this has ever happened before either to you or to your ancestors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jol/01/03.md b/jol/01/03.md index fc18f2e493..b2191e2599 100644 --- a/jol/01/03.md +++ b/jol/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their children the next generation You may need to fill in the words that have been left out. Alternate translation: "let their children tell the generation after them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jol/01/04.md b/jol/01/04.md index ca3d4204b1..903883765c 100644 --- a/jol/01/04.md +++ b/jol/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ large groups of insects like grasshoppers that fly together and eat large areas # swarming locust ... great locust ... grasshopper ... caterpillar These are, respectively, an adult locust that can fly, a locust too large to fly easily, a locust with wings too young to fly, and a newborn locust that has not yet developed wings. Use names that would be understood in your language. - diff --git a/jol/01/05.md b/jol/01/05.md index 6c521a7c5f..7c1a5df8cd 100644 --- a/jol/01/05.md +++ b/jol/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God warns the people of Israel about the coming locust army. # you drunkards, and weep! Wail, all you drinkers of wine If your language has only one word for "weep" and "wail," you can combine the lines: "you people who love wine should cry out in sorrow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jol/01/06.md b/jol/01/06.md index 52524d572c..bb6e589034 100644 --- a/jol/01/06.md +++ b/jol/01/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two lines share similar meanings. The reference to the locusts' teeth bein # my land Yahweh's land - diff --git a/jol/01/07.md b/jol/01/07.md index 8bea2128c3..6986861545 100644 --- a/jol/01/07.md +++ b/jol/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh's vineyard and fig tree # desolate empty and without life - diff --git a/jol/01/08.md b/jol/01/08.md index e167ecc99c..052c163488 100644 --- a/jol/01/08.md +++ b/jol/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: God continues speaking to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/jol/01/09.md b/jol/01/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jol/01/09.md +++ b/jol/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jol/01/10.md b/jol/01/10.md index 8e3c46da3f..e9838ba34e 100644 --- a/jol/01/10.md +++ b/jol/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the land is spoken of as if it were a person. These words could also be see # the grain has been destroyed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the locusts have destroyed all of the grain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jol/01/11.md b/jol/01/11.md index 117fc36cd8..382f97ef8f 100644 --- a/jol/01/11.md +++ b/jol/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues speaking to the people of Israel. # barley a type of grass, like wheat, whose seeds can be used to make bread (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/jol/01/12.md b/jol/01/12.md index 7e38f3ba98..bc1e8a33af 100644 --- a/jol/01/12.md +++ b/jol/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ dried up and died # fig ... pomegranate ... apple different types of fruit (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/jol/01/13.md b/jol/01/13.md index dc6a5eee58..95cfc0dd97 100644 --- a/jol/01/13.md +++ b/jol/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks to the priests in Israel # the grain offering and the drink offering regular offerings in the temple - diff --git a/jol/01/14.md b/jol/01/14.md index cc902b6d5a..aac759a469 100644 --- a/jol/01/14.md +++ b/jol/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house of Yahweh your God the temple in Jerusalem - diff --git a/jol/01/15.md b/jol/01/15.md index a3b4dc8955..8f84fc1b14 100644 --- a/jol/01/15.md +++ b/jol/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is what God is telling the priests to say. # With it will come destruction from the Almighty The abstract noun "destruction" can be translated using the verb "destroy." You may need to make explicit what it is the Almighty will destroy. Alternate translation: "On that day the Almighty will destroy his enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jol/01/16.md b/jol/01/16.md index 6a0876e9c9..da59c289b1 100644 --- a/jol/01/16.md +++ b/jol/01/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may need to fill in the ellipsis. Alternate translation: "joy and gladness h # joy and gladness These two words mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that there is no kind of joyful activity happening at the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jol/01/17.md b/jol/01/17.md index 95bc79fb94..26c4aed3bc 100644 --- a/jol/01/17.md +++ b/jol/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # clods lumps of dirt - diff --git a/jol/01/18.md b/jol/01/18.md index bb19c49edf..b21008baf5 100644 --- a/jol/01/18.md +++ b/jol/01/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues to tell the priests how they should pray for Israel. # groan make a deep sound because of pain - diff --git a/jol/01/19.md b/jol/01/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jol/01/19.md +++ b/jol/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jol/01/20.md b/jol/01/20.md index fd82eb4eb1..724bf365a7 100644 --- a/jol/01/20.md +++ b/jol/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brooks small streams - diff --git a/jol/01/intro.md b/jol/01/intro.md index dd02ed6330..c887cff58b 100644 --- a/jol/01/intro.md +++ b/jol/01/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # Joel 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Joel is written in poetic form and with striking imagery. The ULB is written in poetic form, but the UDB has been transferred to a prose form. If possible, use the poetic form to communicate the meaning of this book in order to stay closer to the original meaning of the text. +Joel is written in poetic form and with striking imagery. The ULB is written in poetic form, but the UDB has been transferred to a prose form. If possible, use the poetic form to communicate the meaning of this book in order to stay closer to the original meaning of the text. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Locusts -#### Locusts This book starts very dramatically with the imagery of the locusts and the devastation they produce. There are five different kinds of locusts that appear to come and they progressively destroy the vegetation including the crops, vineyards and even the trees of the whole land of Israel. It was common for farmers in the ancient Near East to experience large locust swarms that would come and eat all crops in their fields. Joel might be describing such attacks in this first chapter. Because Joel uses military terms and images to describe these locust attacks, his descriptions might represent enemy invaders who would come and destroy the land its people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -Translators should translate simply, presenting the scenes of locusts as Joel describes them, and not worry about the various possible meanings. +Translators should translate simply, presenting the scenes of locusts as Joel describes them, and not worry about the various possible meanings. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions The author also uses rhetorical questions that communicate surprise and alarm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +26,3 @@ The author also uses rhetorical questions that communicate surprise and alarm. ( * __[Joel intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jol/02/01.md b/jol/02/01.md index ab040eed04..2228bea603 100644 --- a/jol/02/01.md +++ b/jol/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joel continues poetry that began in the previous chapter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # Blow the ram's horn ... sound an alarm Joel is emphasizing the importance of calling Israel together in preparation for the destruction that is coming. - diff --git a/jol/02/02.md b/jol/02/02.md index 0165a934d5..af36efc3ac 100644 --- a/jol/02/02.md +++ b/jol/02/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ When direct sunlight shines on a mountain at dawn, it begins at the top and spre # a large and mighty army The words "large" and "mighty" share similar meanings here and emphasize that the army will be very strong. The word "army" could possibly be 1) a metaphor for a swarm of locusts or 2) referring to a human army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/03.md b/jol/02/03.md index 46efc4824b..a38138c2f8 100644 --- a/jol/02/03.md +++ b/jol/02/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ After a wall of flame goes through dry land and burns the dryest and smallest fu # land is like the garden of Eden The garden of Eden was a beautiful place, and the land was beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/04.md b/jol/02/04.md index ffc66e79b5..4f664d1cfd 100644 --- a/jol/02/04.md +++ b/jol/02/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A large, strong, fast animal with four legs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # they run like horsemen Men riding horses move quickly, and the army moves quickly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/05.md b/jol/02/05.md index d6cdd8e061..0419c491d6 100644 --- a/jol/02/05.md +++ b/jol/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A horse jumps or leaps as it runs quickly. # a noise like that of chariots ... like the sound of fiery flames ... like a mighty army ready for battle These sounds would have been very frightening to Joel's readers. If your readers will not understand what these sound like, you might be able to use a more general phrase: "a noise that frightens everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/06.md b/jol/02/06.md index 56f8b1c752..448d296d78 100644 --- a/jol/02/06.md +++ b/jol/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Joel continues to describe the locust army of Yahweh. - diff --git a/jol/02/07.md b/jol/02/07.md index 81b33d7c27..ec05bfceb4 100644 --- a/jol/02/07.md +++ b/jol/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The army of locusts acts as real soldiers do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pe # walls walls around the cities - diff --git a/jol/02/08.md b/jol/02/08.md index 4ad8aba183..98e5a7f4af 100644 --- a/jol/02/08.md +++ b/jol/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The description of the locust army of Yahweh continues. # they break through the defenses they overcome the soldiers defending the city. - diff --git a/jol/02/09.md b/jol/02/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jol/02/09.md +++ b/jol/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jol/02/10.md b/jol/02/10.md index 7285b69193..ffdece7f38 100644 --- a/jol/02/10.md +++ b/jol/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joel speaks of the earth and heavens as if they were people who are shaking with # the sun and the moon are darkened, and the stars stop shining This exaggeration claims that there are so many locusts that people cannot see the sun, moon, or stars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/11.md b/jol/02/11.md index b3c3754ce4..9a4aa51f7e 100644 --- a/jol/02/11.md +++ b/jol/02/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one will be st # endure survive - diff --git a/jol/02/12.md b/jol/02/12.md index 1ce84a741e..4628f46105 100644 --- a/jol/02/12.md +++ b/jol/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Return to me with all your heart The heart is a metonym for what the person thinks and loves. Alternate translation: "Turn away from your sins and be totally devoted to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/13.md b/jol/02/13.md index d5f4c80a10..3f7d37f2e4 100644 --- a/jol/02/13.md +++ b/jol/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The heart is a metonym for what the person thinks and loves. Tearing one's cloth # abounding in steadfast love The abstract noun "love" can be stated with the verb "love." Alternate translation: "always showing you that he loves you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/14.md b/jol/02/14.md index a015dee3bf..809a53f32b 100644 --- a/jol/02/14.md +++ b/jol/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Perhaps Yahweh wi # leave a blessing behind him, a grain offering and a drink offering "leave behind him a blessing—that is, a grain offering and a drink offering." The blessing is that plenty of grain and grapes will ripen, and so the people will be able to offer grain and drink offerings. - diff --git a/jol/02/15.md b/jol/02/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jol/02/15.md +++ b/jol/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jol/02/16.md b/jol/02/16.md index e8de68e57a..e304929959 100644 --- a/jol/02/16.md +++ b/jol/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bridal chambers rooms, usually in the parents' houses, where brides would wait for their wedding ceremonies - diff --git a/jol/02/17.md b/jol/02/17.md index c3270b6527..e4615c2ce7 100644 --- a/jol/02/17.md +++ b/jol/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the people of Israel are spoken of as God's inheritance. Alternate translat # Why should they say among the nations, 'Where is their God?' This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Other nations should not be able to say, 'Their God does not help them.'" or "Other nations should not be able to say that the God of Israel has abandoned his people." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/18.md b/jol/02/18.md index c5e1ed1613..53865bb1ec 100644 --- a/jol/02/18.md +++ b/jol/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his people "the people of Israel" - diff --git a/jol/02/19.md b/jol/02/19.md index 00bfc24670..589b268188 100644 --- a/jol/02/19.md +++ b/jol/02/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # a disgrace "unworthy of respect" - diff --git a/jol/02/20.md b/jol/02/20.md index 21b54cac36..a975cbe9e8 100644 --- a/jol/02/20.md +++ b/jol/02/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the Mediterranean Sea # he has done great things That is, Yahweh has done great things. Another possible meaning is that the writer speaks of the invading army, "it has done very bad things." - diff --git a/jol/02/21.md b/jol/02/21.md index 256696a475..2b02bc3f03 100644 --- a/jol/02/21.md +++ b/jol/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not fear, land Joel speaks to the people of the land as if he were speaking to the land itself. Alternate translation: "Do not be afraid, you people of the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/22.md b/jol/02/22.md index 02a9f0ec2a..55bbbda8f2 100644 --- a/jol/02/22.md +++ b/jol/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joel speaks to people who own livestock as if he were speaking to the animals th # the pastures of the wilderness will sprout The pastures are a metonym for the plants that grow in the pastures. Alternate translation: "plants good for food will sprout in the pastures in the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/23.md b/jol/02/23.md index ad0b10a729..52d14cfa19 100644 --- a/jol/02/23.md +++ b/jol/02/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are that Yahweh will give the rain 1) to show that he is faith # autumn rain and the spring rain the first rains of the rainy season in early December and the last rains in April and May - diff --git a/jol/02/24.md b/jol/02/24.md index 242da89897..17dee3c07e 100644 --- a/jol/02/24.md +++ b/jol/02/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh begins a long speech to the Israelites. # vats large containers for liquids - diff --git a/jol/02/25.md b/jol/02/25.md index 5f06b83fdb..3eaf1b2920 100644 --- a/jol/02/25.md +++ b/jol/02/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # swarming locust ... the great locust, the devouring locust, and the destroying locust These are, respectively, an adult locust that can fly, a locust too large to fly easily, a locust with wings too young to fly, and a newborn locust that has not yet developed wings. Use names that would be understood in your language. See how you translated this in [Joel 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/jol/02/26.md b/jol/02/26.md index 2e50cfd5ef..ea9d7db2a3 100644 --- a/jol/02/26.md +++ b/jol/02/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The name is a metonym for the person, specifically his reputation. Alternate tra # the name of Yahweh ... who has done wonders Yahweh speaks of himself by name to show that he will certainly do as he has said. Alternate translation: "my name ... because I have done wonders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/27.md b/jol/02/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jol/02/27.md +++ b/jol/02/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jol/02/28.md b/jol/02/28.md index d3094200cf..2cb70f6f87 100644 --- a/jol/02/28.md +++ b/jol/02/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the Spirit as if he were speaking of water. Alternate translati # all flesh Here "flesh" represents people. Alternate translation: "all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/29.md b/jol/02/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jol/02/29.md +++ b/jol/02/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jol/02/30.md b/jol/02/30.md index 46aae5935d..9e9c82e036 100644 --- a/jol/02/30.md +++ b/jol/02/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good # blood, fire, and pillars of smoke "blood" is symbolizing the death of people. Alternate translation: "death, fire and pillars of smoke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/31.md b/jol/02/31.md index 95fc99fa34..7194ff5d59 100644 --- a/jol/02/31.md +++ b/jol/02/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the moon into blood Here the word "blood" refers to the color red. You can supply the verb for this phrase. Alternate translation: "the moon will turn into blood" or "the moon will become red" or "the moon will become as red as blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jol/02/32.md b/jol/02/32.md index c2b9090dd5..ac3f599988 100644 --- a/jol/02/32.md +++ b/jol/02/32.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "there will be" is understood from earlier in the sentence. It can be # survivors people who live through a terrible event like a war or a disaster - diff --git a/jol/02/intro.md b/jol/02/intro.md index 8206c4c01d..574a85daad 100644 --- a/jol/02/intro.md +++ b/jol/02/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Joel 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter continues in the poetic form with striking imagery of armies and soldiers. +This chapter continues in the poetic form with striking imagery of armies and soldiers. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Locusts +### Locusts This book starts very dramatically with the imagery of the locusts and the devastation they produce. There are five different kinds of locusts that appear to come and progressively destroy the vegetation including the crops, vineyards and even the trees of Israel. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter This chapter uses simile to a great extent as Joel tries to describe this army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor + The drought, or severe lack of rain, Joel describes is probably a real drought. It might also be a picture of either enemy invaders or of Yahweh himself coming to punish his people and the other nations. Translators should translate simply, presenting the scenes of locusts and drought as Joel describes them, and not worry about the various possible meanings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +23,3 @@ The drought, or severe lack of rain, Joel describes is probably a real drought. * __[Joel 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jol/03/01.md b/jol/03/01.md index 027169f1fb..1dacb6309a 100644 --- a/jol/03/01.md +++ b/jol/03/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause, and it may b # Judah and Jerusalem The names of the cities are metaphors for the people who lived in the cities. Alternate translation: "the people of Judah and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/02.md b/jol/03/02.md index 36d325783c..2b17f9fe0d 100644 --- a/jol/03/02.md +++ b/jol/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jehoshaphat, whose name means "Yahweh judges," was king of Judah before Joel liv # my people and my inheritance Israel These two phrases emphasize how Yahweh views Israel as his own precious people. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel, who are my inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/03.md b/jol/03/03.md index 2247a9a947..2e419f9a86 100644 --- a/jol/03/03.md +++ b/jol/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # traded a boy for a prostitute, and sold a girl for wine so they could drink These are examples of the kinds of things they did and do not indicate what they did to two particular children. Alternate translation: "and did things like trading a boy for a prostitute and selling a girl for wine, so they could drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/04.md b/jol/03/04.md index 60701b198b..01e18ec052 100644 --- a/jol/03/04.md +++ b/jol/03/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "head" refers to the person. Yahweh will make them suffer the pain # repayment This refers to Yahweh harming those who have harmed him, not to him giving them something good because they have done something good for him. - diff --git a/jol/03/05.md b/jol/03/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jol/03/05.md +++ b/jol/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jol/03/06.md b/jol/03/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jol/03/06.md +++ b/jol/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jol/03/07.md b/jol/03/07.md index c3374ff608..9c8f4fa11b 100644 --- a/jol/03/07.md +++ b/jol/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people of Israel will leave the places where they were slaves and come back # return payment "give back what you deserve" - diff --git a/jol/03/08.md b/jol/03/08.md index ae454c4515..98f96ca4ec 100644 --- a/jol/03/08.md +++ b/jol/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The hand can be a metonym for the power the hand exercises or a synecdoche for t # Sabeans the people of the land of Sabea (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/09.md b/jol/03/09.md index e6d30dea32..74ebd92779 100644 --- a/jol/03/09.md +++ b/jol/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good # rouse the mighty men "make the mighty men ready for action" - diff --git a/jol/03/10.md b/jol/03/10.md index f23e9432bf..864cee6f05 100644 --- a/jol/03/10.md +++ b/jol/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ tools that are used to break up the soil in order to plant crops # pruning knives knives that are used to cut off small branches - diff --git a/jol/03/11.md b/jol/03/11.md index a58560a3f9..67824a5871 100644 --- a/jol/03/11.md +++ b/jol/03/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The purpose of the gathering is for battle. This can be stated explicitly. Alter # Yahweh, bring down your mighty warriors Possible meanings are 1) Joel is telling the people of Judah that this is what they are to "proclaim among the nations" ([Joel 3:9](../03/09.md)) or 2) Joel interrupts the words of Yahweh and prays a short prayer. - diff --git a/jol/03/12.md b/jol/03/12.md index 7608865d2f..f80fece797 100644 --- a/jol/03/12.md +++ b/jol/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "the nations" and "the surrounding nations" refer to the same nations, # Valley of Jehoshaphat Jehoshaphat, whose name means "Yahweh judges," was king of Judah before Joel lived. There is no known place with this name. It would be best to translate this as the name of a valley that people named after the man Jehoshaphat. See how you translated this in [Joel 3:2](../03/02.md). - diff --git a/jol/03/13.md b/jol/03/13.md index da8690133a..ecb24a492b 100644 --- a/jol/03/13.md +++ b/jol/03/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the nations as if they were many grapes in a winepress, ready f # The vats overflow, for their wickedness is great Yahweh speaks of the nations' wickedness as if it were the juice that flows from the winepress into storage containers, and more juice flows into the vats than they can contain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/14.md b/jol/03/14.md index 2071b683c8..2f57f0379f 100644 --- a/jol/03/14.md +++ b/jol/03/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is repeated to show that the judgment will certainly happen. # Valley of Judgment There is no known place with this name. The abstract noun "judgment" can be translated using the verb "judge" or "punish." Alternate translation: "Valley Where Yahweh Judges" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/15.md b/jol/03/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jol/03/15.md +++ b/jol/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jol/03/16.md b/jol/03/16.md index 81fcf92682..cb9599e050 100644 --- a/jol/03/16.md +++ b/jol/03/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This word is the past form of the word translated "tremble" in [Joel 2:10](../02 # Yahweh will be a shelter for his people, and a fortress for the people of Israel Both of these phrases mean Yahweh will protect his people. A fortress is a strong shelter used to protect people during war. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will be a strong fortress for his people, the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/17.md b/jol/03/17.md index 003439c2c5..56f78c412a 100644 --- a/jol/03/17.md +++ b/jol/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # foreigners will not pass through her The city of Jerusalem is spoken of as if it were a woman. Foreign armies invading Jerusalem are spoken of as if they were people from another land coming through the city and doing whatever they wanted to do. Alternate translation: "foreign armies will not invade the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/18.md b/jol/03/18.md index e7c1f3949a..107d470bb7 100644 --- a/jol/03/18.md +++ b/jol/03/18.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ God continues to speak about the day of the Lord. # Shittim This is the name of a place on the east side of the Jordan River. It means "Acacia Trees." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/19.md b/jol/03/19.md index d95826f4e2..85ec5f8653 100644 --- a/jol/03/19.md +++ b/jol/03/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # because they shed innocent blood in their land The word "they" refers to "Edom" and "Egypt" and is a metonym for the people of Egypt and Edom. The words "innocent blood" are a metonym for innocent people whom they have killed. Alternate translation: "because the people of Egypt and the people of Edom killed innocent people in the land of the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/20.md b/jol/03/20.md index b65b32ea00..ca456c1779 100644 --- a/jol/03/20.md +++ b/jol/03/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will live in J # Jerusalem will be inhabited from generation to generation This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "generation after generation, people will live in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/21.md b/jol/03/21.md index 8518f96e0f..1893ed6e36 100644 --- a/jol/03/21.md +++ b/jol/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will avenge their blood that I have not yet avenged Blood is a metonym for death. Alternate translation: "I will punish the enemies who killed the people of Israel and still have not been punished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jol/03/intro.md b/jol/03/intro.md index c83ecf81f1..2b7dc7bc84 100644 --- a/jol/03/intro.md +++ b/jol/03/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Joel 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting There is a change in focus in this chapter from the people of Israel to her enemies. The events of this chapters also contain many prophecies about the events of the end of this world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Israel -#### Israel The mention of Israel in this chapter is probably a reference to the people of Judah and not the northern kingdom of Israel. It is also possible this is a reference to the people of Israel as a whole. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The mention of Israel in this chapter is probably a reference to the people of J * __[Joel 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/jol/front/intro.md b/jol/front/intro.md index 945a6f8724..f6300cc824 100644 --- a/jol/front/intro.md +++ b/jol/front/intro.md @@ -5,14 +5,19 @@ ### Outline of the Book of Joel 1. The land ruined; the day of Yahweh is coming (1:1–2:11) - - Locusts and drought (1:1–20) - - The day of Yahweh (2:1–11) + + - Locusts and drought (1:1–20) + - The day of Yahweh (2:1–11) + 1. Yahweh restores his people (2:12-32) - - The people should turn to Yahweh, for he will pity them (2:12–27) - - The Spirit of Yahweh, wonders, and salvation (2:28–32) + + - The people should turn to Yahweh, for he will pity them (2:12–27) + - The Spirit of Yahweh, wonders, and salvation (2:28–32) + 1. Yahweh will judge the nations (3:1-21) - - Yahweh judges the nations (3:1–16) - - Yahweh dwells in Zion (3:17–21) + + - Yahweh judges the nations (3:1–16) + - Yahweh dwells in Zion (3:17–21) ### What is the Book of Joel about? @@ -24,11 +29,11 @@ Joel's message applies to the people of God in the church age. For Yahweh says, ### How should the title of this book be translated? -The traditional title of this book is "The Book of Joel" or just "Joel." Translators may also call it the "The Book about Joel" or "The Sayings of Joel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +The traditional title of this book is "The Book of Joel" or just "Joel." Translators may also call it the "The Book about Joel" or "The Sayings of Joel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ### Who wrote the Book of Joel? -This book contains the prophecies of an Israelite named Joel, son of Pethuel. The book does not tell when Joel prophesied. +This book contains the prophecies of an Israelite named Joel, son of Pethuel. The book does not tell when Joel prophesied. ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts @@ -51,4 +56,3 @@ Joel prophesied that God will defeat Israel's enemies, rebuild the city of Jerus ### How should one translate the poetry of the Book of Joel? All of the text in the Book of Joel is poetry. The ULB presents it in this way. The UDB, however, presents the text as prose. Translators may choose to use prose in their versions. Translators who want to translate the book as poetry should read about poetry and parallelism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jon/01/01.md b/jon/01/01.md index 69303dafc3..e8933055ed 100644 --- a/jon/01/01.md +++ b/jon/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # Amittai This is the name of Jonah's father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jon/01/02.md b/jon/01/02.md index f5059f59ad..b54d0140ba 100644 --- a/jon/01/02.md +++ b/jon/01/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God is referring to the people of the city. Alternate translation: "warn the peo # their wickedness has risen up before me "I know they have been continually sinning" - diff --git a/jon/01/03.md b/jon/01/03.md index 89e15f4e16..ef595fe48a 100644 --- a/jon/01/03.md +++ b/jon/01/03.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the others who were going on the ship. # away from the presence of Yahweh Here Yahweh is represented by his presence. Alternate translation: "away from Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jon/01/04.md b/jon/01/04.md index 5dcd934f24..2f93d3a76d 100644 --- a/jon/01/04.md +++ b/jon/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It can be made explicit who thought the ship would be broken up. Alternate trans # to be broken up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to break apart" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jon/01/05.md b/jon/01/05.md index 891a9dd5cc..a23bd23ba4 100644 --- a/jon/01/05.md +++ b/jon/01/05.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jonah did this before the storm started. # was lying there deeply asleep "was lying there fast asleep" or "was lying there and sleeping deeply." For this reason, the storm did not wake him up. - diff --git a/jon/01/06.md b/jon/01/06.md index 60bd22f986..f91e5c1bb5 100644 --- a/jon/01/06.md +++ b/jon/01/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to doing some activity. For Jonah, the Captain is telling him to wak # Maybe your god will notice us and we will not perish The implicit information that Jonah's god might save them could be made explicit. Alternate translation: "Maybe your god will hear and save us so that we will not die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jon/01/07.md b/jon/01/07.md index f479356756..803fe07942 100644 --- a/jon/01/07.md +++ b/jon/01/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the terrible storm. # the lot fell to Jonah "the lot showed that Jonah was the guilty person" - diff --git a/jon/01/08.md b/jon/01/08.md index 7e820733cc..344e75921d 100644 --- a/jon/01/08.md +++ b/jon/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Please tell us who is the cause of this evil that is happening to us. "Who caused this bad thing that is happening to us?" - diff --git a/jon/01/09.md b/jon/01/09.md index 7e8dbbfaa6..72cc09a623 100644 --- a/jon/01/09.md +++ b/jon/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fear Yahweh The word "fear" refers Jonah having a deep respecting God. - diff --git a/jon/01/10.md b/jon/01/10.md index d2efd3e5fb..a2e7c36d9b 100644 --- a/jon/01/10.md +++ b/jon/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh is represented by his presence. Jonah was seeking to escape Yahweh a # because he had told them. What he told them can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "because he had said to them, 'I am trying to get away from Yahweh.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jon/01/11.md b/jon/01/11.md index 40492c9b12..c9d8f6a107 100644 --- a/jon/01/11.md +++ b/jon/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the sea became more and more stormy This was the reason that the men asked Jonah what they should do. This reason can also be put at the beginning of verse 11, as in the UDB. "Then, because the sea became more and more stormy, they said to Jonah, 'What should we do to you so that the sea will calm down for us?'" - diff --git a/jon/01/12.md b/jon/01/12.md index 04d61ad746..0a933b3ee3 100644 --- a/jon/01/12.md +++ b/jon/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for I know that it is because of me that this great storm is happening to you "because I know this huge storm is my fault" - diff --git a/jon/01/13.md b/jon/01/13.md index ccecca64da..3eb1fc8954 100644 --- a/jon/01/13.md +++ b/jon/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The men did not want to throw Jonah into the sea, so they rowed hard as if they # the sea was becoming more and more violent "the storm became worse, and the waves became bigger" - diff --git a/jon/01/14.md b/jon/01/14.md index 8de20c4130..7ab9501a4c 100644 --- a/jon/01/14.md +++ b/jon/01/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Even though the men knew that Jonah was guilty of sin against Yahweh, they thoug # do not put innocent blood on us Blood is a metonym for the death of a person, and to put or lay blood on people is to make them responsible for that person's death. Alternate translation: "do not make us responsible for the death of an innocent man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jon/01/15.md b/jon/01/15.md index 07ade1a026..c37ff70351 100644 --- a/jon/01/15.md +++ b/jon/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sea stopped raging "the sea stopped moving violently" or "the sea became calm" - diff --git a/jon/01/16.md b/jon/01/16.md index f3c7aec9ee..e352128883 100644 --- a/jon/01/16.md +++ b/jon/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # feared Yahweh very much "became greatly awed at Yahweh's power" - diff --git a/jon/01/17.md b/jon/01/17.md index 3bd039f58c..67c0699f56 100644 --- a/jon/01/17.md +++ b/jon/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used in English to introduce a new part of the story. # three days and three nights "three days and nights" - diff --git a/jon/01/intro.md b/jon/01/intro.md index 77d440d8e2..c6c947b700 100644 --- a/jon/01/intro.md +++ b/jon/01/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,28 @@ # Jonah 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The narrative of this chapter starts abruptly. This could cause difficulty for the translator. The translator should not attempt to smooth this introduction unless absolutely necessary. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Miracle +### Miracle In verse [Jonah 17](./17.md), there is the mention of "a great fish." It may be difficult to imagine a sea creature big enough to swallow a man whole and who then survives for three days and nights inside. Translators should not try to explain miraculous events in an attempt to make it easier to understand. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Situational irony +### Situational irony There is an ironic situation in this chapter. Jonah is a prophet of God and should endeavor to do God's will. Instead, he is running away from God. Although the Gentile sailors are not Israelites, they act out of faith and fear of Yahweh when sending Jonah to a "certain death" by throwing him overboard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/willofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -#### Sea +### Sea People in the ancient Near East also saw the sea as chaotic and did not trust it. Some of the gods they worshiped were gods of the sea. Jonah's people, the Hebrews, feared the sea greatly. However, Jonah's fear of Yahweh was not enough to keep him from going into a ship and sailing to get away from Yahweh. His actions are contrasted by the actions of the Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Implicit information +### Implicit information Even though no one knows for sure where Tarshish was, the writer assumes that the reader knows that Jonah had to face away from Nineveh to go there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -32,4 +32,3 @@ Even though no one knows for sure where Tarshish was, the writer assumes that th * __[Jonah intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jon/02/01.md b/jon/02/01.md index ff455228b7..e4cfde002d 100644 --- a/jon/02/01.md +++ b/jon/02/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh his God This means "Yahweh, the God he worshiped." The word "his" does not mean that Jonah owned God. - diff --git a/jon/02/02.md b/jon/02/02.md index 7fe71edf65..afd4bcbf76 100644 --- a/jon/02/02.md +++ b/jon/02/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # from the belly of Sheol "from the center of Sheol" or "from the deep part of Sheol." Possible meanings are 1) Jonah was speaking as being in the belly of the whale was being in Sheol or 2) Jonah believed that he was about to die and go to Sheol or 3) He spoke as if he already had died and gone there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jon/02/03.md b/jon/02/03.md index dba7c65293..f8a59c8af2 100644 --- a/jon/02/03.md +++ b/jon/02/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of the vastness of the ocean Jonah was in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # waves and billows These are disturbances on the surface of the ocean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jon/02/04.md b/jon/02/04.md index 9cb23a6623..4d21090b1a 100644 --- a/jon/02/04.md +++ b/jon/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh is represented by his "eyes." Alternate translation: "from you" (See # yet I will again look toward your holy temple Jonah has hope that, in spite of all he is going through, he will see the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jon/02/05.md b/jon/02/05.md index 7b5cce2827..372cf9b616 100644 --- a/jon/02/05.md +++ b/jon/02/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some versions understand the Hebrew word in this expression to mean "my life." I # seaweed grass that grows in the sea - diff --git a/jon/02/06.md b/jon/02/06.md index d273707add..d163aabad9 100644 --- a/jon/02/06.md +++ b/jon/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jonah speaks of the place of the dead as if it were a pit. Alternate translation # Yahweh, my God! In some languages, it may be more natural to put this at the beginning of the sentence or next to the word "you." - diff --git a/jon/02/07.md b/jon/02/07.md index 154d585a2c..83c875b864 100644 --- a/jon/02/07.md +++ b/jon/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since Jonah was praying to Yahweh, it might be more clear in some languages to s # then my prayer came to you, to your holy temple Jonah speaks as if his prayers could travel to God and his temple. Alternate translation: "then you in your holy temple heard my prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jon/02/08.md b/jon/02/08.md index ce2cb75f18..2a3015a358 100644 --- a/jon/02/08.md +++ b/jon/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they abandon covenant faithfulness Possible meanings are 1) "they stop being faithful" or 2) "they reject your mercy" - diff --git a/jon/02/09.md b/jon/02/09.md index 31bb66035d..4e7bbc3ca0 100644 --- a/jon/02/09.md +++ b/jon/02/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that Jonah would thank God while he offered a sacrifice to him. It is # Salvation comes from Yahweh This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "salvation" is expressed as the verb "save." "Yahweh is the one who saves people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jon/02/10.md b/jon/02/10.md index 55ecfc1963..f20d4a8002 100644 --- a/jon/02/10.md +++ b/jon/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # upon the dry land "upon the ground" or "onto the shore" - diff --git a/jon/02/intro.md b/jon/02/intro.md index 32296e38d8..d1c6500ac6 100644 --- a/jon/02/intro.md +++ b/jon/02/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ # Jonah 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter begins with a prayer by Jonah, and many translators have chosen to set it apart by setting its lines farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. Translators can follow this practice, but they are not obligated to. +This chapter begins with a prayer by Jonah, and many translators have chosen to set it apart by setting its lines farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. Translators can follow this practice, but they are not obligated to. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Sea -This chapter contains many terms from the sea. +### Sea -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +This chapter contains many terms from the sea. -#### Poetry -Prayers in Scripture often contain a poetic form. Poetry frequently uses metaphors to communicate something with a special meaning. For example, since Jonah was in a fish in the sea, being trapped is compared to a prison. Jonah is overwhelmed by the depth of the sea and expresses this by speaking about the at the "base of the mountains" and in the "belly of Sheol." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +### Poetry + +Prayers in Scripture often contain a poetic form. Poetry frequently uses metaphors to communicate something with a special meaning. For example, since Jonah was in a fish in the sea, being trapped is compared to a prison. Jonah is overwhelmed by the depth of the sea and expresses this by speaking about the at the "base of the mountains" and in the "belly of Sheol." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Repentance -#### Repentance Scholars are divided over whether Jonah's repentance was genuine or whether he was trying to save his life. In light of his attitude in chapter 4, it is uncertain if he was genuinely repentant. If possible, it is best for translators to avoid making a definitive stance on whether Jonah's repentance was genuine. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +27,3 @@ Scholars are divided over whether Jonah's repentance was genuine or whether he w * __[Jonah 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jon/03/01.md b/jon/03/01.md index 61113ee445..c045d77e2c 100644 --- a/jon/03/01.md +++ b/jon/03/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came This is an idiom that means Yahweh spoke. See how you translated this in [Jonah 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke his message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jon/03/02.md b/jon/03/02.md index ca918e6ae6..ac0b594e3b 100644 --- a/jon/03/02.md +++ b/jon/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to leaving the place one is at. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idio # proclaim to it the message that I command you to give "tell the people what I tell you to tell them" - diff --git a/jon/03/03.md b/jon/03/03.md index 47d8fad00e..2a79a43118 100644 --- a/jon/03/03.md +++ b/jon/03/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a change from the story to information about Nine # one of three days' journey "a city of three days' journey." A person had to walk for three days to completely go through it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jon/03/04.md b/jon/03/04.md index 3d212ec905..89adbee42c 100644 --- a/jon/03/04.md +++ b/jon/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "after Jonah walked a day's journey he called out" or 2 # forty days "40 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jon/03/05.md b/jon/03/05.md index ff63b63b25..9fab07589a 100644 --- a/jon/03/05.md +++ b/jon/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Why people put on sackcloth can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: " # from the greatest of them down to the least of them "from the most significant to the least significant people" or "including all the important people and all the unimportant people" - diff --git a/jon/03/06.md b/jon/03/06.md index 02c587244e..960d9db5ed 100644 --- a/jon/03/06.md +++ b/jon/03/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # throne A throne is a chair that the king sits on. It shows that he is the king. - diff --git a/jon/03/07.md b/jon/03/07.md index eea171027a..ec217cad46 100644 --- a/jon/03/07.md +++ b/jon/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to two kinds of animals that people care for. Alternate translation: # Let them not eat, nor drink water "They must not eat nor drink anything." The reason they were not to eat or drink anything can be made explicit by adding "in order to show that they are sorry for their sins." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jon/03/08.md b/jon/03/08.md index 74db329829..2e925c4ca2 100644 --- a/jon/03/08.md +++ b/jon/03/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "animal" refers to animals that people own. # the violence that is in his hands This means "the violent things that he does" - diff --git a/jon/03/09.md b/jon/03/09.md index e3e8c6df8b..855556d423 100644 --- a/jon/03/09.md +++ b/jon/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king used this rhetorical question to get the people to think about somethin # we do not perish "we do not die." Here perish equates to drowning at sea. - diff --git a/jon/03/10.md b/jon/03/10.md index d5fae04f95..44d5546103 100644 --- a/jon/03/10.md +++ b/jon/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here God deciding not to do the punishment he had planned is spoken of is if he # he did not do it What God was to do can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "he did not punish them" or "he did not destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jon/03/intro.md b/jon/03/intro.md index 100eb73338..027bdd13c3 100644 --- a/jon/03/intro.md +++ b/jon/03/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,24 @@ # Jonah 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter returns to a narrative of Jonah's life. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Animals -#### Animals According to the king's proclamation, the animals had to participate in the fast he ordered. This most likely reflects their pagan mindset. There was nothing in the law of Moses that instructed the people to have the animals participate in any religious acts. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Size of Nineveh -When the author talks about the size of Nineveh, the measurements he gives are confusing. The phrase "three days' journey" is ambiguous in Hebrew, as many scholars have remarked. In Jonah's day, cities were not as big as they are today. So although Nineveh was a big city, it was not as big as most modern cities. +### Size of Nineveh -#### God repenting or relenting -The last verse of this chapter says, "So then God changed his mind about the punishment that he had said he would do to them, and he did not do it." This concept of God changing his mind may be troubling for some translators and people may struggle to understand it. God's character is consistent. This whole book is written from a human viewpoint and so it is hard to understand the mind of God. +When the author talks about the size of Nineveh, the measurements he gives are confusing. The phrase "three days' journey" is ambiguous in Hebrew, as many scholars have remarked. In Jonah's day, cities were not as big as they are today. So although Nineveh was a big city, it was not as big as most modern cities. + +### God repenting or relenting + +The last verse of this chapter says, "So then God changed his mind about the punishment that he had said he would do to them, and he did not do it." This concept of God changing his mind may be troubling for some translators and people may struggle to understand it. God's character is consistent. This whole book is written from a human viewpoint and so it is hard to understand the mind of God. Yahweh is just and merciful so even though God did not follow through with a judgment in this instance, God's plan is always to punish evil. Later in history this nation did fall and was destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) @@ -24,4 +27,3 @@ Yahweh is just and merciful so even though God did not follow through with a jud * __[Jonah 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jon/04/01.md b/jon/04/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jon/04/01.md +++ b/jon/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jon/04/02.md b/jon/04/02.md index fb117086a0..79a5fe0d43 100644 --- a/jon/04/02.md +++ b/jon/04/02.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ Jonah used this rhetorical question to show God how angry he was. Also, what Jon This was Jonah's reason for going to Tarshish instead of to Nineveh. He did not want to go to Nineveh and preach to the people there, because he did not want them to turn from their sins, and he did not want God to be kind to them. # abounding in steadfast love + The abstract noun "love" can be expressed with the verb "love." Alternate translation: "always willing to love people without ceasing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) # you hold back from sending disaster God sends disaster on sinners to punish them. But if sinners repent from their sin, he forgives them and does not send disaster. This implicit information can be expressed more clearly. Alternate translation: "you forgive people and do not send disaster on them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jon/04/03.md b/jon/04/03.md index 9f0f4eb0bd..eee087bdcc 100644 --- a/jon/04/03.md +++ b/jon/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jonah's reason for wanting to die can be stated explicitly. Alternate translatio # for it is better for me to die than to live "I would prefer to die than live" or "because I want to die. I do not want to live" - diff --git a/jon/04/04.md b/jon/04/04.md index c99a09e946..12cb0c5aca 100644 --- a/jon/04/04.md +++ b/jon/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is it good that you are so angry? God used this rhetorical question to scold Jonah for being angry about something he should not have been angry about. Alternate translation: "Your anger is not good." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jon/04/05.md b/jon/04/05.md index b0c7071d18..984a104eb0 100644 --- a/jon/04/05.md +++ b/jon/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # what might become of the city "what would happen to the city." Jonah wanted to see if God would destroy the city or not destroy it. - diff --git a/jon/04/06.md b/jon/04/06.md index e8b986e2e1..7811980b48 100644 --- a/jon/04/06.md +++ b/jon/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to relieve him of his distress "to keep Jonah from suffering from the heat of the sun" - diff --git a/jon/04/07.md b/jon/04/07.md index dfe31bfb1a..af65f4764b 100644 --- a/jon/04/07.md +++ b/jon/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the plant withered The plant became dry and died. Alternate translation: "the plant died" - diff --git a/jon/04/08.md b/jon/04/08.md index b2a2b2ac9c..f1ab328303 100644 --- a/jon/04/08.md +++ b/jon/04/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jonah may have felt the heat most on his head. Alternate translation: "on Jonah" # It is better for me to die than to live "I would prefer to die than live" or "Because I want to die. I do not want to live." See how you translated this in [Jonah 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/jon/04/09.md b/jon/04/09.md index feebfb8485..6075538737 100644 --- a/jon/04/09.md +++ b/jon/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ implicit information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "You should be # It is good that I am angry, even to death. "It is good that I am angry. Now I am angry enough to die!" - diff --git a/jon/04/10.md b/jon/04/10.md index a588723ec4..c002a6d9f5 100644 --- a/jon/04/10.md +++ b/jon/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh said It may be helpful to say that Yahweh was speaking to Jonah. Alternate translation: "Yahweh said to Jonah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jon/04/11.md b/jon/04/11.md index 16f2134d50..b95217d6a9 100644 --- a/jon/04/11.md +++ b/jon/04/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This may be a way of saying "they cannot tell the difference between right and w # also many animals The author is pointing out the depth of Nineveh's repentance to the extent that Yahweh takes note of the animals' participation in the act of repentance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jon/04/intro.md b/jon/04/intro.md index 45ec6d5ad3..f0ee9ce4bb 100644 --- a/jon/04/intro.md +++ b/jon/04/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,29 @@ # Jonah 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Jonah continues the narrative while bringing the book to what seems like an unusual end. This emphasizes that the book is not really about Jonah. It is about God's desire to be merciful on anyone, whether Jew or pagan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) +Jonah continues the narrative while bringing the book to what seems like an unusual end. This emphasizes that the book is not really about Jonah. It is about God's desire to be merciful on anyone, whether Jew or pagan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Jonah's anger -#### Jonah's anger It is important to see the relationship between a prophet and Yahweh. Aprophet was to prophesy for Yahweh, and his words must come true. According to the law of Moses, if that did not happen, the penalty was death. When Jonah told the city of Nineveh that it was going to be destroyed in forty days, he was certain it was going to happen. When it did not happen, Jonah was angry with God because he hated the people of Nineveh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions As in other places, Jonah asks rhetorical questions to show how angry he was at Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -#### Parallel to Mount Sinai +### Parallel to Mount Sinai + In verse 2, Jonah attributes a series of characteristics to God. A Jewish reader of this book would recognize this as a formula Moses used in speaking about God when he was meeting God on Mount Sinai. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### God's grace -#### God's grace When Jonah went outside the city, he got very hot and God graciously provided some relief through the plant. God was trying to teach Jonah through an object lesson. It is important for the reader to see this clearly. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]]) ## Links: @@ -27,4 +31,3 @@ When Jonah went outside the city, he got very hot and God graciously provided so * __[Jonah 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/jon/front/intro.md b/jon/front/intro.md index 00d49e41b1..b28d8607cc 100644 --- a/jon/front/intro.md +++ b/jon/front/intro.md @@ -5,22 +5,25 @@ ### Outline of the Book of Jonah 1. Jonah tries to run away from Yahweh (1:1-2:10) - - Jonah disobeys Yahweh's first call to go to Nineveh (1:1–3) - - Jonah and the Gentile sailors (1:4–16) - - Yahweh provides a large fish to swallow Jonah (1:17) - - Jonah prays from inside the fish and is rescued (2:1–10) + + - Jonah disobeys Yahweh's first call to go to Nineveh (1:1–3) + - Jonah and the Gentile sailors (1:4–16) + - Yahweh provides a large fish to swallow Jonah (1:17) + - Jonah prays from inside the fish and is rescued (2:1–10) + 1. Jonah in Nineveh (3:1-4:11) - - Yahweh again calls Jonah to go to Nineveh, and Jonah proclaims Yahweh's message (3:1–4) - - Nineveh repents (3:5-9) - - Yahweh decides not to destroy Nineveh (3:10) - - Jonah is very angry with Yahweh (4:1–3) - - Yahweh teaches Jonah about grace and mercy (4:4–11) + + - Yahweh again calls Jonah to go to Nineveh, and Jonah proclaims Yahweh's message (3:1–4) + - Nineveh repents (3:5-9) + - Yahweh decides not to destroy Nineveh (3:10) + - Jonah is very angry with Yahweh (4:1–3) + - Yahweh teaches Jonah about grace and mercy (4:4–11) ### What is the Book of Jonah about? Jonah, son of Amittai, was a prophet from Gath Hepher (2 Kings 14:25). This book tells about what happened to Jonah. It tells how Yahweh shows mercy and grace to Gentiles. It also tells how the Ninevites repented and called out to Yahweh for mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -Yahweh sent Jonah to warn the people of Nineveh that he was ready to punish them. Yahweh said that if they would repent he would not harm them. However, Jonah was an Israelite and he did not want the Ninevites to repent. So Jonah tried to sail away in the opposite direction instead of doing what Yahweh told him to do. But Yahweh stopped him by sending a storm and a large fish to swallow him. +Yahweh sent Jonah to warn the people of Nineveh that he was ready to punish them. Yahweh said that if they would repent he would not harm them. However, Jonah was an Israelite and he did not want the Ninevites to repent. So Jonah tried to sail away in the opposite direction instead of doing what Yahweh told him to do. But Yahweh stopped him by sending a storm and a large fish to swallow him. Jonah repented and warned the Ninevites. As a result, Yahweh taught him that he is concerned about all people, not just the Israelites. @@ -45,4 +48,3 @@ Assyria was cruel to its enemies. Eventually, Yahweh punished the Assyrians for ### Did Assyria convert to Judaism? Some scholars think that the Assyrians started worshiping Yahweh alone. However, most scholars think they continued to worship other false gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/01.md b/jos/01/01.md index 4dc8d0992e..351710cf9f 100644 --- a/jos/01/01.md +++ b/jos/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # Nun Joshua's father (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/02.md b/jos/01/02.md index d2eeff8e7d..3fe2ffadd0 100644 --- a/jos/01/02.md +++ b/jos/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "cross over" means "go to the opposite bank of the river." Alternate translat # you and all this people The word "you" here refers to Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/03.md b/jos/01/03.md index cd232221d2..884f8a5a2a 100644 --- a/jos/01/03.md +++ b/jos/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" refers to both Joshua and the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/t # every place where the sole of your foot will walk This refers to all the places Joshua and the Israelites will travel when they cross the Jordan River. Alternate translation: "everywhere you go in this land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/04.md b/jos/01/04.md index 13f5b84261..f2077339ec 100644 --- a/jos/01/04.md +++ b/jos/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua. # your land The word "your" refers to the tribes of Israel and not only Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/05.md b/jos/01/05.md index bf2e040165..cf01c5da91 100644 --- a/jos/01/05.md +++ b/jos/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verse 5 the words "you" and "your" refer to Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # I will not abandon you or leave you The words "abandon" and "leave" mean basically the same thing. Yahweh combines them to emphasize that he will not do these things. Alternate translation: "I will certainly stay with you always" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/06.md b/jos/01/06.md index 3f986c76b9..98bc8438f3 100644 --- a/jos/01/06.md +++ b/jos/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh gives Joshua a series of commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-impera # Be strong and courageous Yahweh commands Joshua to overcome his fears with courage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/07.md b/jos/01/07.md index 7563743ed7..28b7deb42d 100644 --- a/jos/01/07.md +++ b/jos/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as a positive command. Alternate translation: "Follow it exac # be successful "achieve your goal" or "reach your goal" - diff --git a/jos/01/08.md b/jos/01/08.md index 76ad18cf3c..bb8f57f129 100644 --- a/jos/01/08.md +++ b/jos/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua. # prosperous and successful These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize great prosperity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/09.md b/jos/01/09.md index b40d1e6f2a..c46f7edebc 100644 --- a/jos/01/09.md +++ b/jos/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Yahweh commanding Joshua. Alternate translation: "I have commande # Be strong and courageous! Yahweh is commanding Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/10.md b/jos/01/10.md index abafb7393f..8108b51061 100644 --- a/jos/01/10.md +++ b/jos/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/11.md b/jos/01/11.md index b1fc579930..57eb393161 100644 --- a/jos/01/11.md +++ b/jos/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Joshua was counting his present day as day one. Alternate translation: "Two # cross over this Jordan "cross over" refers to going to the opposite side of the river. Alternate translation: "travel to the other side of the Jordan River" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/12.md b/jos/01/12.md index ad45498a6f..8814c7a1b5 100644 --- a/jos/01/12.md +++ b/jos/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were the descendants of Reuben. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names # Gadites These were the decendants of Gad. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/13.md b/jos/01/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/01/13.md +++ b/jos/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/01/14.md b/jos/01/14.md index fc5fd0c5fd..572d75ebc9 100644 --- a/jos/01/14.md +++ b/jos/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joshua continues speaking to the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Mana # beyond the Jordan This refers to the east side of the Jordan River. Later most of the Israelites would live west of the Jordan, so they called the east side "beyond the Jordan." But at this time they were all still on the east side. Alternate translation: "east of the Jordan River" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/15.md b/jos/01/15.md index 6b5bd2313b..58c60c452a 100644 --- a/jos/01/15.md +++ b/jos/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to living out their life on the land in peace. # beyond the Jordan, where the sun rises This refers to the east side of the Jordan river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/16.md b/jos/01/16.md index 19057ca087..6867d82636 100644 --- a/jos/01/16.md +++ b/jos/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These Isrelites were specifically the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh that replied to Joshua. - diff --git a/jos/01/17.md b/jos/01/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/01/17.md +++ b/jos/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/01/18.md b/jos/01/18.md index 974048061b..da3de39f86 100644 --- a/jos/01/18.md +++ b/jos/01/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we will put to death" # be strong and courageous Israel and God considered both traits important for Joshua to pursue as their leader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jos/01/intro.md b/jos/01/intro.md index e3d2eb21fb..92ba235011 100644 --- a/jos/01/intro.md +++ b/jos/01/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Joshua 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter appears to be a natural continuation of the book of Deuteronomy. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Be strong and Courageous +### Be strong and Courageous -Joshua is often told, "Be strong and courageous." This repeated encouragement is on purpose and may indicate Joshua will need help in the future. +Joshua is often told, "Be strong and courageous." This repeated encouragement is on purpose and may indicate Joshua will need help in the future. ## Links: @@ -16,4 +16,3 @@ Joshua is often told, "Be strong and courageous." This repeated encouragement is * __[Joshua intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/02/01.md b/jos/02/01.md index 144f8b8986..f032541401 100644 --- a/jos/02/01.md +++ b/jos/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place on the east side of the Jordan River. It means "Acac # as spies These men were to visit the land to gain information on how Israel should conquer the land. - diff --git a/jos/02/02.md b/jos/02/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/02/02.md +++ b/jos/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/02/03.md b/jos/02/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/02/03.md +++ b/jos/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/02/04.md b/jos/02/04.md index db6fff326b..f257d2babd 100644 --- a/jos/02/04.md +++ b/jos/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This happened before the king's messenger spoke to her. # the woman This refers to Rahab, the prostitute. - diff --git a/jos/02/05.md b/jos/02/05.md index b2aa6dcfe4..3cf44e3128 100644 --- a/jos/02/05.md +++ b/jos/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # dusk This is the time that day begins to change to the darkness of night. - diff --git a/jos/02/06.md b/jos/02/06.md index d4015fe3df..dae6cf2ee7 100644 --- a/jos/02/06.md +++ b/jos/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The roof was flat and strong, so people could walk around on it. # flax a plant that is grown for its fibers, which is used in making cloth - diff --git a/jos/02/07.md b/jos/02/07.md index 5a2001287e..242330399c 100644 --- a/jos/02/07.md +++ b/jos/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The men pursued the spies because of what Rahab had told them in [Joshua 2:5](.. # fords places where a river or other body of water is shallow enough for people to get to the other side by walking through it - diff --git a/jos/02/08.md b/jos/02/08.md index 735282eee3..c4a5f6fae2 100644 --- a/jos/02/08.md +++ b/jos/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not yet lain down This refers to going to sleep for the night. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/09.md b/jos/02/09.md index 2cd255fda2..5efaf3f813 100644 --- a/jos/02/09.md +++ b/jos/02/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Becoming afraid is spoken of as if feat came and attacked them. Alternate transl # will melt away before you This compares the fearful people to ice melting and flowing away. Possible meanings are 1) they will be weak in the Israelites' presence or 2) they will be scattered. Alternate translation: "will be so afraid that they will not resist you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/10.md b/jos/02/10.md index ea3a2c8b72..74ab143115 100644 --- a/jos/02/10.md +++ b/jos/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is another name for the Red Sea. # Sihon ... Og These are the names of the Amorite kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/11.md b/jos/02/11.md index 141acd34f9..5e04269856 100644 --- a/jos/02/11.md +++ b/jos/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our hearts melted and there was no courage left in anyone These two phrases share similar meanings, combined for emphasis. The phrase "our hearts melted" compares the hearts of the fearful people of Jericho to ice melting and flowing away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/12.md b/jos/02/12.md index 7c539b85e4..e828751d2a 100644 --- a/jos/02/12.md +++ b/jos/02/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are similar statements of Rahab seeking assurance from the spies. (See: [[ # I have been kind to you The word "you" refers to the two spies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/13.md b/jos/02/13.md index f3ff45b73f..a86e6779ba 100644 --- a/jos/02/13.md +++ b/jos/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spare the lives ... deliver our souls from death a polite way of saying "do not to kill us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/14.md b/jos/02/14.md index 7a540e9245..0108295fdd 100644 --- a/jos/02/14.md +++ b/jos/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelite spies make the promise which Rahab asked for in [Joshua 2:12](../0 # Our life for yours, even to death This idiom is a way of swearing and asking God to curse them if they do not keep their promise. Alternate translation: "If we do not do what we promise, may Yahweh cause us to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/15.md b/jos/02/15.md index eb174f40c4..7c977ad5e4 100644 --- a/jos/02/15.md +++ b/jos/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The Israelite spies continue to talk to Rahab. - diff --git a/jos/02/16.md b/jos/02/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/02/16.md +++ b/jos/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/02/17.md b/jos/02/17.md index b43571cc72..3372808654 100644 --- a/jos/02/17.md +++ b/jos/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if you do not do this This expresses a condition for the promise the spies had made to Rahab. The word, "this," refers to the things the men tell her to do in [Joshua 2:18](../02/18.md). - diff --git a/jos/02/18.md b/jos/02/18.md index 9ccac1d935..4e679a715b 100644 --- a/jos/02/18.md +++ b/jos/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelite spies continue talking to Rahab. # Connecting Statement: The Israelite spies clarify the condition they expressed in [Joshua 2:15](../02/15.md). - diff --git a/jos/02/19.md b/jos/02/19.md index e5dfe4e839..6a90ca9f59 100644 --- a/jos/02/19.md +++ b/jos/02/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "blood" represents a person's death. To be responsible for their own death # if a hand is laid upon any Here "a hand is laid upon" is a polite way of referring to causing someone injury. Alternate translation: "if we cause injury to any" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/20.md b/jos/02/20.md index 9fb8045d02..e091ce7f8b 100644 --- a/jos/02/20.md +++ b/jos/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The two Israelite spies continue to speak to Rahab about their promise to her. T # if you speak "You" refers to Rahab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/21.md b/jos/02/21.md index 6ac5f5678a..ebb99c272b 100644 --- a/jos/02/21.md +++ b/jos/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May what you say be done Rahab agreed to their terms of the oath to protect her family. - diff --git a/jos/02/22.md b/jos/02/22.md index e308e4e930..2a191e1858 100644 --- a/jos/02/22.md +++ b/jos/02/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be helpful to say they returned to Jericho. Alternate translation: "their # found nothing This refers to the men not finding the spies. - diff --git a/jos/02/23.md b/jos/02/23.md index 97f034339d..7f4c48cb14 100644 --- a/jos/02/23.md +++ b/jos/02/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a male name; the father of Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate- # everything that had happened to them "all that the men had experienced and seen." - diff --git a/jos/02/24.md b/jos/02/24.md index 6aff3a3e06..300d5894e0 100644 --- a/jos/02/24.md +++ b/jos/02/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word, "us," refers to Israel. # inhabitants of the land are melting away The people of the land toward Israel are like a substance that melts in the presence of heat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/02/intro.md b/jos/02/intro.md index f2e26fcf7c..74e4a82796 100644 --- a/jos/02/intro.md +++ b/jos/02/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Joshua 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the story of the conquest of the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Rahab's faith +### Rahab's faith Rahab expressed her faith in Yahweh. The statement "for Yahweh your God, he is God in heaven above and on the earth below" is a recognition of her faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor The Israelites were to completely destroy the evil Canaanites. They are compared to melting snow: "... melting away because of us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The Israelites were to completely destroy the evil Canaanites. They are compared * __[Joshua 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/03/01.md b/jos/03/01.md index 52744d4a11..b739b48fe5 100644 --- a/jos/03/01.md +++ b/jos/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase, "got up," means to "awaken." # Shittim A place in the land of Moab, west of the Jordan River where the Israelites were camped before their entry into the promised land, Canaan. - diff --git a/jos/03/02.md b/jos/03/02.md index 12abb562b9..df0c98d88b 100644 --- a/jos/03/02.md +++ b/jos/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # officers These are people holding a position of command or authority. - diff --git a/jos/03/03.md b/jos/03/03.md index 2e05fb7812..bb28a69775 100644 --- a/jos/03/03.md +++ b/jos/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # people This is the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/03/04.md b/jos/03/04.md index 9e46e7e627..b06f50c9d6 100644 --- a/jos/03/04.md +++ b/jos/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # two thousand cubits "2,000 cubits." The word "cubit" is a measurement equaling the distance from the elbow to the finger tips. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/03/05.md b/jos/03/05.md index e232edfa9f..595b698e18 100644 --- a/jos/03/05.md +++ b/jos/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to a special preparation of being religiously clean before Yahweh. # Yahweh will do wonders Yahweh will be doing miracles for all to see and experience. - diff --git a/jos/03/06.md b/jos/03/06.md index 066ac8690b..e32e9b0338 100644 --- a/jos/03/06.md +++ b/jos/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Take up the ark This is referring to the levites picking up the ark for the purpose of carrying it from one location to another. - diff --git a/jos/03/07.md b/jos/03/07.md index 88e0fceb5d..42eff4e290 100644 --- a/jos/03/07.md +++ b/jos/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh tells Joshua what the priest are to do. # I will make you a great man in the eyes of all Israel The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "the people will see what I do and realize that I have made you a great man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/03/08.md b/jos/03/08.md index 6bc8c7f4b2..4e6eec9f29 100644 --- a/jos/03/08.md +++ b/jos/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # edge of the waters of the Jordan Joshua is to approach the bank or edge of the Jordan River. - diff --git a/jos/03/09.md b/jos/03/09.md index ea3fbb8f1d..2f711db960 100644 --- a/jos/03/09.md +++ b/jos/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Joshua tells Israel what Yahweh is about to do - diff --git a/jos/03/10.md b/jos/03/10.md index b01a1606ba..5eeaf81b83 100644 --- a/jos/03/10.md +++ b/jos/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # drive out from before you Yahweh will force the other people living on the land to leave or be killed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/03/11.md b/jos/03/11.md index 28c0c41e01..0b376069ab 100644 --- a/jos/03/11.md +++ b/jos/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # crosses over "cross over" means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: "will travel from this side to the opposite side" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/03/12.md b/jos/03/12.md index ec023f81ea..830932bc28 100644 --- a/jos/03/12.md +++ b/jos/03/12.md @@ -2,4 +2,3 @@ Joshua continues to tell Israel of the miracle that Yahweh will do. Just as Israel's fathers experience crossing the Red Sea, these people will experience crossing the Jordan river on dry land. - diff --git a/jos/03/13.md b/jos/03/13.md index 725589e62f..00e2fda819 100644 --- a/jos/03/13.md +++ b/jos/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the bottom of their feet. # stand in one heap The water will stay in one spot or place. It will not flow around the priests. - diff --git a/jos/03/14.md b/jos/03/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/03/14.md +++ b/jos/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/03/15.md b/jos/03/15.md index 59fa3723e8..2ead0c8ade 100644 --- a/jos/03/15.md +++ b/jos/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can refer to the surface of the water as well as the bank where the water f # now the Jordan overflows all its banks throughout the time of the harvest This is background information and it emphasizes the scale of what Yahweh is doing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jos/03/16.md b/jos/03/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/03/16.md +++ b/jos/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/03/17.md b/jos/03/17.md index e55b60378a..8a7a58987f 100644 --- a/jos/03/17.md +++ b/jos/03/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the Jordan River bed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # crossed over This phrase means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: "traveled from this side to the opposite side" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/03/intro.md b/jos/03/intro.md index 549d3ba5db..e64c001120 100644 --- a/jos/03/intro.md +++ b/jos/03/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Joshua 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### God dries the Jordan River +### God dries the Jordan River Joshua told the people "Dedicate yourselves to Yahweh tomorrow, for Yahweh will do wonders among you." The conquest of the Promised Land is accomplished through the supernatural power of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Joshua told the people "Dedicate yourselves to Yahweh tomorrow, for Yahweh will * __[Joshua 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/04/01.md b/jos/04/01.md index 1e4e13d913..2a63d7cfed 100644 --- a/jos/04/01.md +++ b/jos/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "crossed over" refer to going to the opposite bank of the river. Alter # the Jordan the Jordan River (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/02.md b/jos/04/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/04/02.md +++ b/jos/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/04/03.md b/jos/04/03.md index 7b953e5d54..fbf01e5cd4 100644 --- a/jos/04/03.md +++ b/jos/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Give them this command: ' ... ' The nested quote can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "Give them this command to take up twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan where the priests are standing on the dry ground, and bring them over with you and lay them down in the place where you will spend the night tonight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/04.md b/jos/04/04.md index 8f411bec86..56f42563d3 100644 --- a/jos/04/04.md +++ b/jos/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Joshua tells the twelve men what to do. - diff --git a/jos/04/05.md b/jos/04/05.md index a4da80b404..72a6a18cb8 100644 --- a/jos/04/05.md +++ b/jos/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into the middle of the Jordan. Each of you is to take up a stone upon his shoulder Each of the twelve men were to pick up a large stone from the Jordan River bed and carry them to the other side to build a monument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/06.md b/jos/04/06.md index c744969d08..e0c30ce641 100644 --- a/jos/04/06.md +++ b/jos/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Joshua tells Israel what the pile of twelve stones mean. - diff --git a/jos/04/07.md b/jos/04/07.md index cd227b09ca..6eeade8cc3 100644 --- a/jos/04/07.md +++ b/jos/04/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Jordan River was prevented by God from flowing up to the ark that was being # the waters of the Jordan were cut off The water flowing down the Jordan River stopped before the ark so everyone including the ark traveled on the dry river bed. - diff --git a/jos/04/08.md b/jos/04/08.md index cb1064b748..ef6a3fbf77 100644 --- a/jos/04/08.md +++ b/jos/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joshua and Israel continue to do as Yahweh commanded. # they picked up twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan This refers to the twelve men picking up stones from the middle of the Jordan River bed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/09.md b/jos/04/09.md index aff7dd2e81..2bb95a2196 100644 --- a/jos/04/09.md +++ b/jos/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These were twelve additional stones, not the stones that the twelve men carried # The memorial is there to this day This means the memorial was there to the day that the author was writing this book. - diff --git a/jos/04/10.md b/jos/04/10.md index eb9d6e4188..26c21e78a5 100644 --- a/jos/04/10.md +++ b/jos/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # crossed over This means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: "traveled from one side to the opposite side" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/11.md b/jos/04/11.md index 78130d1c08..aa6f307593 100644 --- a/jos/04/11.md +++ b/jos/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before the people This refers to being in front of the people or in the sight of all the people. Everyone saw the ark being carried by the priests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/12.md b/jos/04/12.md index 79ed4dacb8..a1e69259f8 100644 --- a/jos/04/12.md +++ b/jos/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh passed before the people of Israel formed up as an army These were the soldiers of the 3 tribes that were fulfilling their obligation to lead the Israelites into battle for settling on the East side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/13.md b/jos/04/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/04/13.md +++ b/jos/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/04/14.md b/jos/04/14.md index 81abc5c770..205ba3510e 100644 --- a/jos/04/14.md +++ b/jos/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # just as they The word "they" refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/jos/04/15.md b/jos/04/15.md index abfdc90b82..5e17fcd798 100644 --- a/jos/04/15.md +++ b/jos/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh tells Joshua to have the priests exit the Jordan River. - diff --git a/jos/04/16.md b/jos/04/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/04/16.md +++ b/jos/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/04/17.md b/jos/04/17.md index 7e8de422bb..1b0f403746 100644 --- a/jos/04/17.md +++ b/jos/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The Author was making it clear that parting the Jordan River was no different than parting the Red Sea for the previous generation. - diff --git a/jos/04/18.md b/jos/04/18.md index 92e07d519e..02f9ef3032 100644 --- a/jos/04/18.md +++ b/jos/04/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Jordan River was overflowing its banks and flooding the area before and afte # four days "4 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/19.md b/jos/04/19.md index 127169e283..eaa3a367b5 100644 --- a/jos/04/19.md +++ b/jos/04/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to when Israel crossed the Jordan River on dry ground. # on the tenth day of the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/20.md b/jos/04/20.md index 1623f37945..ca409a03e7 100644 --- a/jos/04/20.md +++ b/jos/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The twelve stones that they took out of the Jordan Each tribe was to take one stone from the Jordan River so Joshua could build a memorial of the crossing event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/21.md b/jos/04/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/04/21.md +++ b/jos/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/04/22.md b/jos/04/22.md index 8068dd0e1e..f7aec0969b 100644 --- a/jos/04/22.md +++ b/jos/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joshua continues to remind the people the purpose of the pile of stones. # tell your children It was for Israel to teach their children of God's miracles so that they would honor Yahweh forever. - diff --git a/jos/04/23.md b/jos/04/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/04/23.md +++ b/jos/04/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/04/24.md b/jos/04/24.md index de0333bb21..9e59108d8b 100644 --- a/jos/04/24.md +++ b/jos/04/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hand of Yahweh is mighty This refers to the power of Yahweh being strong. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is mighty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/04/intro.md b/jos/04/intro.md index ea95377aee..c55005430e 100644 --- a/jos/04/intro.md +++ b/jos/04/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Joshua 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's war -#### God's war The conquering of the Promised Land was a special war. It was God's war against the people of Canaan and Joshua recognized that they would only be victorious through Yahweh's power. This is why their first act after crossing the Jordan River was to build an altar. This war was a witness to Yahweh's power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The conquering of the Promised Land was a special war. It was God's war against * __[Joshua 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/05/01.md b/jos/05/01.md index e005c91d59..db189c680a 100644 --- a/jos/05/01.md +++ b/jos/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hearts" refers to their courage. They were so afraid that it was as if the # there was no longer any spirit in them Here "spirit" refers to their will to fight. Alternate translation: "they no longer had any will to fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/05/02.md b/jos/05/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/05/02.md +++ b/jos/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/05/03.md b/jos/05/03.md index 893a6b4037..b9b8cefccf 100644 --- a/jos/05/03.md +++ b/jos/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ There were over 600,000 males, so it is understood that while Joshua was in char # Gibeath Haaraloth This is a place name which commemorates Israel rededicating themselves to Yahweh. It means "the hill of the foreskins." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/05/04.md b/jos/05/04.md index f6c86e675a..4aa7bfe673 100644 --- a/jos/05/04.md +++ b/jos/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The reason all the males of Israel had to be circumcised is explained. # the men of war the men who were old enough to be soldiers - diff --git a/jos/05/05.md b/jos/05/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/05/05.md +++ b/jos/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/05/06.md b/jos/05/06.md index 94df65b471..88f2a338e1 100644 --- a/jos/05/06.md +++ b/jos/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "voice" refers to the things that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: "obe # a land flowing with milk and honey God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: "a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/05/07.md b/jos/05/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/05/07.md +++ b/jos/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/05/08.md b/jos/05/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/05/08.md +++ b/jos/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/05/09.md b/jos/05/09.md index d1a8c41197..9074574191 100644 --- a/jos/05/09.md +++ b/jos/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This day I have rolled away the disgrace of Egypt from you Their disgrace is spoken of as if it were a large stone that blocked their path. Here "rolled away" means "removed." Alternate translation: "This day I have removed the disgrace of Egypt from you" or "You were disgraced when you were slaves in Egypt. But, today I have caused you to no longer be disgraced" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/05/10.md b/jos/05/10.md index 7942a0b7f8..c04b2044de 100644 --- a/jos/05/10.md +++ b/jos/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the fourteenth day of the month This is near the end of March on Western calendars. Alternate translation: "the fourteenth day of the first month" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/05/11.md b/jos/05/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/05/11.md +++ b/jos/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/05/12.md b/jos/05/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/05/12.md +++ b/jos/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/05/13.md b/jos/05/13.md index 4dfab7c274..cbc1f38cf8 100644 --- a/jos/05/13.md +++ b/jos/05/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" alerts us to pay special attention to new information. Your la # he had drawn his sword and it was in his hand Here the words "he" and "his" refer to the man who was standing in front of Joshua. - diff --git a/jos/05/14.md b/jos/05/14.md index 0465bba7f1..c97475079b 100644 --- a/jos/05/14.md +++ b/jos/05/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the beginning of the man's answer to Joshua's question, "Are you for us # Joshua lay facedown on the ground to worship This was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jos/05/15.md b/jos/05/15.md index af7fcc4a18..0a682c9545 100644 --- a/jos/05/15.md +++ b/jos/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Take off your sandals from your feet This was an act of reverence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jos/05/intro.md b/jos/05/intro.md index 30e3840d30..0a9486f350 100644 --- a/jos/05/intro.md +++ b/jos/05/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Joshua 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Circumcision +### Circumcision It would have been very unusual to be circumcised in a time of war. When men are circumcised they are unable to move without pain or to defend themselves in battle for several days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]]) -#### Manna +### Manna Yahweh stops providing manna in this chapter and will no longer provide them with their daily allotment of food. This does not mean Yahweh's care and provision will stop. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Yahweh stops providing manna in this chapter and will no longer provide them wit * __[Joshua 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/06/01.md b/jos/06/01.md index 5bd4268c4e..ec464a8be9 100644 --- a/jos/06/01.md +++ b/jos/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a pause in the story. Here the narrator tells us why the gates of Jericho are closed and locked up. - diff --git a/jos/06/02.md b/jos/06/02.md index 4f3e8034c2..6913e2397d 100644 --- a/jos/06/02.md +++ b/jos/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is telling Joshua that he will certainly do this by saying that he has al # into your hand The word "hand" is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate translation: "so that you can control it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/06/03.md b/jos/06/03.md index 446170e904..bb83933b93 100644 --- a/jos/06/03.md +++ b/jos/06/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues telling Joshua what the people must do. # You must do this for six days "You must do this once each day for six days" - diff --git a/jos/06/04.md b/jos/06/04.md index 07a76854fc..c7e2ac4b72 100644 --- a/jos/06/04.md +++ b/jos/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Seven priests must carry seven trumpets of rams' horns before the ark The seven priests are to march in front of other priests who are carrying the ark and marching around the city. - diff --git a/jos/06/05.md b/jos/06/05.md index 505a666a04..56b7e622d9 100644 --- a/jos/06/05.md +++ b/jos/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the seven priests. The "ram's horn" and "trumpet" refe # the wall of the city "the outer wall of the city" or "the wall surrounding the city" - diff --git a/jos/06/06.md b/jos/06/06.md index 4424bce5b9..aed17d02b9 100644 --- a/jos/06/06.md +++ b/jos/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is Joshua's father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Take up the ark of the covenant "Pick up the ark of the covenant" - diff --git a/jos/06/07.md b/jos/06/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/06/07.md +++ b/jos/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/06/08.md b/jos/06/08.md index c8c2786d50..db94b122ed 100644 --- a/jos/06/08.md +++ b/jos/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "in obedience to Yahweh" or 2) "in front of Yahweh's ar # The ark of the covenant of Yahweh followed after them It can be stated clearly that there were people carrying the ark. Alternate translation: "The priests who were carrying the ark of the covenant of Yahweh followed after them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/06/09.md b/jos/06/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/06/09.md +++ b/jos/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/06/10.md b/jos/06/10.md index 72cbf5d756..57fcde7065 100644 --- a/jos/06/10.md +++ b/jos/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Sound leaving someone's mouth refers to that person's speaking or shouting. Alte # But Joshua commanded the people Joshua had commanded the people before they started walking around the city. Alternate translation: "Joshua had commanded the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-events]]) - diff --git a/jos/06/11.md b/jos/06/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/06/11.md +++ b/jos/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/06/12.md b/jos/06/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/06/12.md +++ b/jos/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/06/13.md b/jos/06/13.md index 35445737a4..8bcb6aa3fb 100644 --- a/jos/06/13.md +++ b/jos/06/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # gave blasts on the trumpets This means that they blew into their trumpets, causing them to make loud noises, multiple times. Alternate translation: "continually sounded the trumpets loudly" or "blew into the ram's horn trumpets continually" - diff --git a/jos/06/14.md b/jos/06/14.md index 61b08b0ff1..3e2696dfb6 100644 --- a/jos/06/14.md +++ b/jos/06/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Israel marched around Jericho once every day. # six days "6 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/06/15.md b/jos/06/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/06/15.md +++ b/jos/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/06/16.md b/jos/06/16.md index 558540a2ac..839daf6f2a 100644 --- a/jos/06/16.md +++ b/jos/06/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Joshua is saying that Yahweh will definitely give them the city by saying that h # given you The word "you" refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/06/17.md b/jos/06/17.md index cb33129426..89b8eb138c 100644 --- a/jos/06/17.md +++ b/jos/06/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joshua continues speaking to the people of Israel. # The city and all that is in it will be set apart to Yahweh for destruction This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it for destruction" or "You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it by destroying it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/06/18.md b/jos/06/18.md index b6cdb99354..2fc1ef706d 100644 --- a/jos/06/18.md +++ b/jos/06/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being careful is spoken of as if they are to guard themselves. "Be careful that # you will bring trouble on it Doing something that makes bad things to happen to the city is spoken of as bringing trouble on it. Alternate translation: "you will cause bad things to happen to it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/06/19.md b/jos/06/19.md index 2ae24dbb00..b22db88fdf 100644 --- a/jos/06/19.md +++ b/jos/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the treasury of Yahweh a collection of things set apart for the worship of Yahweh - diff --git a/jos/06/20.md b/jos/06/20.md index 44efe04e45..e34e7e4caf 100644 --- a/jos/06/20.md +++ b/jos/06/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer is briefly saying that the people did what Joshua had commanded them # blew on the trumpets "blew into the ram's horn trumpets" - diff --git a/jos/06/21.md b/jos/06/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/06/21.md +++ b/jos/06/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/06/22.md b/jos/06/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/06/22.md +++ b/jos/06/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/06/23.md b/jos/06/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/06/23.md +++ b/jos/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/06/24.md b/jos/06/24.md index 3864e453cc..ccb64b7c36 100644 --- a/jos/06/24.md +++ b/jos/06/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They burned the city The word "they" refers to the Israelite soldiers. It does not refer only to the two young men who brought Rahab and her family out of the city. - diff --git a/jos/06/25.md b/jos/06/25.md index acf2b4174e..fe6e32c59e 100644 --- a/jos/06/25.md +++ b/jos/06/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "She" refers to Rahab and represents her descendants. Alternate transla # to this day "now" or "even today." Rahab's descendants are still living in Israel as the original writer writes this story. - diff --git a/jos/06/26.md b/jos/06/26.md index 9357e43028..30c89dac2d 100644 --- a/jos/06/26.md +++ b/jos/06/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The consequence of a man laying a new foundation for Jericho is that his firstbo # at the cost of his youngest son, he will set up its gates The consequence of a man setting up new gates for Jericho is that his youngest son would die. This is spoken of as if it were a cost that the man would pay. Alternate translation: "If he sets up its gates, he will lose his youngest son" or "If he sets up it gates, his youngest son will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/06/27.md b/jos/06/27.md index 966e9cd83e..03d1502151 100644 --- a/jos/06/27.md +++ b/jos/06/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his fame spread throughout the land This refers to Joshua's fame, not Yahweh's. Becoming known among the people throughout the land is spoken of as if his fame spread. Alternate translation: "Joshua became famous throughout the land" or "people throughout the land learned about Joshua" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/06/intro.md b/jos/06/intro.md index 21d7a2170c..6d4783d581 100644 --- a/jos/06/intro.md +++ b/jos/06/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Joshua 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh conquers +### Yahweh conquers It was God, not the army, who gave them victory. It is said, "Shout! For Yahweh has given you the city." The circumstances of Israel's victory in the battle for Jericho were very unusual. It was never common to march around a city or to shout in order to win a military battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ It was God, not the army, who gave them victory. It is said, "Shout! For Yahweh * __[Joshua 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/07/01.md b/jos/07/01.md index a88e372dd4..2e7ff04962 100644 --- a/jos/07/01.md +++ b/jos/07/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Yahweh's anger burned "anger" and "burned" indicates intensity, not that fire is present. Alternate translation: "Yahweh's anger burned like a fire" or "Yahweh was very angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/02.md b/jos/07/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/07/02.md +++ b/jos/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/07/03.md b/jos/07/03.md index 452474e125..f65752ee68 100644 --- a/jos/07/03.md +++ b/jos/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the army of Israel. # they are few in number The word "they" refers to the people of Ai. - diff --git a/jos/07/04.md b/jos/07/04.md index 5530e2de05..8ec436ff19 100644 --- a/jos/07/04.md +++ b/jos/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These men were part of the army. Alternate translation: "three thousand men belo # three thousand men "3,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/05.md b/jos/07/05.md index 60a0c8b429..2de41febb5 100644 --- a/jos/07/05.md +++ b/jos/07/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the people are represented by their "hearts" to emphasize their emotions. A # The hearts of the people The phrase "the people" refers to the Israelite soldiers. - diff --git a/jos/07/06.md b/jos/07/06.md index 1177ea49d6..8652c29a3b 100644 --- a/jos/07/06.md +++ b/jos/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tore his garments ... put dust on their heads and lay facedown on the ground in front of the ark of Yahweh They did these things to show God how sad and distressed they were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/07.md b/jos/07/07.md index 77ea3b2985..e22740edd1 100644 --- a/jos/07/07.md +++ b/jos/07/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The hands of the Amorites represents their control and power. Giving the Israeli # If only we made a different decision The words "If only" show that this is a wish for something that had not happened. Alternate translation: "I wish we had made a different decision" - diff --git a/jos/07/08.md b/jos/07/08.md index 2f70421dd0..8de80ee73a 100644 --- a/jos/07/08.md +++ b/jos/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joshua said this to show how upset he was that he did not even know what to say. # Israel has turned their backs before their enemies Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: "Israel has run away from their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/09.md b/jos/07/09.md index d67c1a7d75..c70e3e236c 100644 --- a/jos/07/09.md +++ b/jos/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "your great name" here represents God's reputation and power. Alterna # What will you do for your great name? Joshua uses this question to warn God that if the Israelites are destroyed, then the other people will think that God is not great. Alternate translation: "Then there will be nothing you can do for your great name." or "Then people will not know that you are great." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/10.md b/jos/07/10.md index 919c81305f..6653a0a703 100644 --- a/jos/07/10.md +++ b/jos/07/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh tells Joshua why Israel is cursed. # Why are you lying there on your face? God used this question to rebuke Joshua for lying there on his face. Alternate translation: "Stop lying there with your face in the dirt!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/11.md b/jos/07/11.md index 27e1da11ed..24c2df3d04 100644 --- a/jos/07/11.md +++ b/jos/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the things "marked for destruction" from [Joshua 6:18-19](../06/18.md) # They have stolen and then also hidden their sin Hiding their sin represents trying to keep others from knowing that they have sinned. Alternate translation: "They have stolen those things, and then they tried to keep people from knowing that they sinned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/12.md b/jos/07/12.md index c991d8ee1d..4781c7c009 100644 --- a/jos/07/12.md +++ b/jos/07/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: "T # I will not be with you any more Being with Israel represents helping Israel. Alternate translation: "I will not help you any more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/13.md b/jos/07/13.md index acd2ab84a4..1b529ad221 100644 --- a/jos/07/13.md +++ b/jos/07/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people of Israel. # You cannot stand against your enemies Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against them. Alternate translation: "You cannot fight successfully against your enemies" or "You cannot defeat your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/14.md b/jos/07/14.md index c9a3fc40ec..6f3c288fc6 100644 --- a/jos/07/14.md +++ b/jos/07/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The clan was made up of multiple households. Alternate translation: "From the cl # The household that Yahweh selects must come near one by one The household was made up of multiple people. Alternate translation: "From the household that Yahweh selects, each person must come near" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/15.md b/jos/07/15.md index ee26ce53e4..4b6cfa6844 100644 --- a/jos/07/15.md +++ b/jos/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "the one whom Yah # he has broken the covenant of Yahweh Breaking the covenant represents disobeying it. Alternate translation: "he has disobeyed the covenant of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/16.md b/jos/07/16.md index 50a706584c..fd05c5904f 100644 --- a/jos/07/16.md +++ b/jos/07/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "tribe by tribe" means each tribe. Alternate translation: "brought ea # the tribe of Judah was selected This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh selected the tribe of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/17.md b/jos/07/17.md index 740e70b5f2..55a402feb6 100644 --- a/jos/07/17.md +++ b/jos/07/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The clan was named after the man named Zerah. # Zabdi This is a man's name. Translate as you did in [Joshua 7:1](../07/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/18.md b/jos/07/18.md index d166763bb4..2ea0c6c4cf 100644 --- a/jos/07/18.md +++ b/jos/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zabdi ... Achan ... Karmi ... Zerah These are men's names. Translate them as you did in [Joshua 7:1](../07/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/19.md b/jos/07/19.md index 83fce068a6..6d5310e990 100644 --- a/jos/07/19.md +++ b/jos/07/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Achan has dishonored God by taking the items and causing the death of his fellow # Do not hide it from me Hiding information represents trying to keep someone from knowing it. Alternate translation: "Do not try to prevent me from knowing what you have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/20.md b/jos/07/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/07/20.md +++ b/jos/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/07/21.md b/jos/07/21.md index f847c12ceb..997826f847 100644 --- a/jos/07/21.md +++ b/jos/07/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is over 500 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) # They are hidden in the ground This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I hid them in the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/22.md b/jos/07/22.md index 40241719cf..7378af0d93 100644 --- a/jos/07/22.md +++ b/jos/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they looked "the men Joshua had sent looked" - diff --git a/jos/07/23.md b/jos/07/23.md index 267eedb9c7..52089ccbf6 100644 --- a/jos/07/23.md +++ b/jos/07/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # poured them out Use the word in your language for pouring many small solid things out of a large bag onto the ground. - diff --git a/jos/07/24.md b/jos/07/24.md index a50a808910..7333ec9897 100644 --- a/jos/07/24.md +++ b/jos/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Valley of Achor The name means "Valley of Trouble," but it is best to translate Achor the way it sounds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/07/25.md b/jos/07/25.md index 3664f356d5..9ea394fbca 100644 --- a/jos/07/25.md +++ b/jos/07/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joshua uses this question to rebuke Achan. Alternate translation: "You have trou # Then they stoned the rest with stones and burned them with fire. Possible meanings are 1) the Israelites burned Achan's family to death and then covered them with stones or 2) the Israelites stoned Achan's family to death and then burned the dead bodies or 3) that Achan and his possessions were stoned and then burned. - diff --git a/jos/07/26.md b/jos/07/26.md index adcdb31bba..c8313635a8 100644 --- a/jos/07/26.md +++ b/jos/07/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Turning away his anger represents stopping being angry. Burning anger represents # until this present day It was still called the valley of Achor at the time the author wrote this. Alternate translation: "even today" or "even now" - diff --git a/jos/07/intro.md b/jos/07/intro.md index 29400d0f4d..3940c0a299 100644 --- a/jos/07/intro.md +++ b/jos/07/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Joshua 07 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Sin brought defeat +### Sin brought defeat It was a great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahweh withheld victory from the Israelites. Sin resulted in defeat in battle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ It was a great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahwe * __[Joshua 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/08/01.md b/jos/08/01.md index 1069f85e27..31d48efca3 100644 --- a/jos/08/01.md +++ b/jos/08/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Giving them into Israel's hand represents giving Israel victory and control over # I have given God speaks of what he promises to do as though he had already done it, because he will certainly do it. Alternate translation: "I will certainly give" or "I am giving" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/02.md b/jos/08/02.md index 17eae43169..2698ff9685 100644 --- a/jos/08/02.md +++ b/jos/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her king The word "her" refers to the city of Ai. Cities were often spoken of as if they were women. Alternate translation: "its king" or "their king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/03.md b/jos/08/03.md index ff0198329a..2cc631c133 100644 --- a/jos/08/03.md +++ b/jos/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the men of war "the army of Israel" - diff --git a/jos/08/04.md b/jos/08/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/04.md +++ b/jos/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/05.md b/jos/08/05.md index 6733e255f8..af1588a9ee 100644 --- a/jos/08/05.md +++ b/jos/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Joshua continues to explain the battle plan to his soldiers. - diff --git a/jos/08/06.md b/jos/08/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/06.md +++ b/jos/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/07.md b/jos/08/07.md index 0d0adb2154..066fa9217c 100644 --- a/jos/08/07.md +++ b/jos/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will give it into your hand Here "hand" symbolizes the control and power the people have over their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/08.md b/jos/08/08.md index 8ec25aac6b..0163f29608 100644 --- a/jos/08/08.md +++ b/jos/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Joshua finishes explaining the battle plan to his soldiers. - diff --git a/jos/08/09.md b/jos/08/09.md index 07263d66c0..f8c1572319 100644 --- a/jos/08/09.md +++ b/jos/08/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to Joshua sending the thirty thousand men who had been select # the place of ambush "where they would hide until it was time to attack" - diff --git a/jos/08/10.md b/jos/08/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/10.md +++ b/jos/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/11.md b/jos/08/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/11.md +++ b/jos/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/12.md b/jos/08/12.md index 77c34e8d0e..c9ddde7fad 100644 --- a/jos/08/12.md +++ b/jos/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # five thousand men "5,000 men." This group seems to be a portion of the "thirty thousand men" ([Joshua 8:9](../08/09.md)). This smaller group remained in the ambush while the other 25,000 men attacked the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/13.md b/jos/08/13.md index ed537aafc3..6559ddc98f 100644 --- a/jos/08/13.md +++ b/jos/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the largest group of fighting men, those not in the ambush group. # rear guard those who were "set in ambush on the west side of the city" ([Joshua 8:12](../08/12.md)) - diff --git a/jos/08/14.md b/jos/08/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/14.md +++ b/jos/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/15.md b/jos/08/15.md index 521a4e50bf..1140f200a8 100644 --- a/jos/08/15.md +++ b/jos/08/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the army of Ai # they fled The army of Israel fled. - diff --git a/jos/08/16.md b/jos/08/16.md index 8ef33cb347..3386d12d8a 100644 --- a/jos/08/16.md +++ b/jos/08/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The city leaders call # All the people who were in the city The writer speaks in a general way about all the people, but "all the people" refers only to those who could fight. Alternate translation: "all the people in the city who could help chase the army of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/17.md b/jos/08/17.md index ab242ce77b..8854b5bb4f 100644 --- a/jos/08/17.md +++ b/jos/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # left it open "left the city gates open" - diff --git a/jos/08/18.md b/jos/08/18.md index 022da65002..98bc2ad0af 100644 --- a/jos/08/18.md +++ b/jos/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will give Ai into your hand Giving Ai into Israel's hand represents giving Israel victory and control over Ai. Alternate translation: "I will give you victory over Ai" or "I will cause you to capture Ai" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/19.md b/jos/08/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/19.md +++ b/jos/08/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/20.md b/jos/08/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/20.md +++ b/jos/08/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/21.md b/jos/08/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/21.md +++ b/jos/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/22.md b/jos/08/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/22.md +++ b/jos/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/23.md b/jos/08/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/23.md +++ b/jos/08/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/24.md b/jos/08/24.md index 82dd56ee61..fee893cc6e 100644 --- a/jos/08/24.md +++ b/jos/08/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses both of these sentences, which mean almost the same thing, to st # had fallen by the edge of the sword Here "fallen" is a euphemism for dying. Also, "the edge of the sword" represents whole swords, and swords represent either battle or the army of Israel. Alternate translation: "had died in battle" or "had died when the army of Israel attacked them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/25.md b/jos/08/25.md index 3dc26e2b7f..7bf3e5765d 100644 --- a/jos/08/25.md +++ b/jos/08/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twelve thousand "12,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/26.md b/jos/08/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/26.md +++ b/jos/08/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/27.md b/jos/08/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/27.md +++ b/jos/08/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/28.md b/jos/08/28.md index ebe0b8fb5b..a06a3cc888 100644 --- a/jos/08/28.md +++ b/jos/08/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a devastated place a place where people once lived, but in which no one now lives - diff --git a/jos/08/29.md b/jos/08/29.md index 6414d207a7..5fad73e84c 100644 --- a/jos/08/29.md +++ b/jos/08/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to this day "today" or "even now" - diff --git a/jos/08/30.md b/jos/08/30.md index 838a12c6cf..96d527e643 100644 --- a/jos/08/30.md +++ b/jos/08/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mount Ebal a mountain in Canaan (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/31.md b/jos/08/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/31.md +++ b/jos/08/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/32.md b/jos/08/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/32.md +++ b/jos/08/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/33.md b/jos/08/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/33.md +++ b/jos/08/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/34.md b/jos/08/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/08/34.md +++ b/jos/08/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/08/35.md b/jos/08/35.md index 04e9e483c5..33e6a86ce7 100644 --- a/jos/08/35.md +++ b/jos/08/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The double negative here emphasizes the positive. This can be expressed positive # Israel This refers to the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/08/intro.md b/jos/08/intro.md index d8242ee177..c9c89d94e6 100644 --- a/jos/08/intro.md +++ b/jos/08/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Joshua 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sin brought defeat -#### Sin brought defeat It was a great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahweh withheld victory from the Israelites. Sin resulted in defeat in battle. Because they repented, Yahweh brought victory to Israel in Ai. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -#### Built an altar +### Built an altar + Altars were commonly built in the Ancient Near East to commemorate important events. Several altars were built in the Book of Joshua. ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Altars were commonly built in the Ancient Near East to commemorate important eve * __[Joshua 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/09/01.md b/jos/09/01.md index 33d6733d92..b631f01e9d 100644 --- a/jos/09/01.md +++ b/jos/09/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Jordan a shortened name for the Jordan River (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/09/02.md b/jos/09/02.md index 44de63cb94..30a4ff04a7 100644 --- a/jos/09/02.md +++ b/jos/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # under one command Here "command" represents the one who commanded them. Being under him represents obeying his commands. Alternate translation: "obeying the commands of one leader" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/09/03.md b/jos/09/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/03.md +++ b/jos/09/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/04.md b/jos/09/04.md index 8ee7e6949b..41824fa158 100644 --- a/jos/09/04.md +++ b/jos/09/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cunning plan a crafty scheme intended to trick Joshua and the Israelites - diff --git a/jos/09/05.md b/jos/09/05.md index a9ace6c315..6579c710cf 100644 --- a/jos/09/05.md +++ b/jos/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # dry and moldy "dry and filled with fungus" or "stale and ruined" - diff --git a/jos/09/06.md b/jos/09/06.md index 88131c44c4..186eb15d3d 100644 --- a/jos/09/06.md +++ b/jos/09/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # men of Israel This refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jos/09/07.md b/jos/09/07.md index 283486b99f..2d8e251f4e 100644 --- a/jos/09/07.md +++ b/jos/09/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is another name for the Gibeonites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-na # Perhaps you live near us. How can we make a covenant with you? Joshua is emphasizing that the people of Israel have to follow the command of Yahweh above all else. Alternate translation: "If you do live near us, we cannot make a covenant with you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jos/09/08.md b/jos/09/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/08.md +++ b/jos/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/09.md b/jos/09/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/09.md +++ b/jos/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/10.md b/jos/09/10.md index 281b8d4d8e..8d087d659b 100644 --- a/jos/09/10.md +++ b/jos/09/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of the defeated king of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tran # Ashtaroth This is the name of a city known for worshiping the goddess of the same name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/09/11.md b/jos/09/11.md index c559289af1..2f6fbf5ec9 100644 --- a/jos/09/11.md +++ b/jos/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase means "take with you." Here the word "hand" represents the possessio # meet them and say to them The word "them" refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/jos/09/12.md b/jos/09/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/12.md +++ b/jos/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/13.md b/jos/09/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/13.md +++ b/jos/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/14.md b/jos/09/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/14.md +++ b/jos/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/15.md b/jos/09/15.md index 53b52e4843..1f55e701c2 100644 --- a/jos/09/15.md +++ b/jos/09/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two sentences are saying that the same thing occurred. Joshua, the leader # the people Here this refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/09/16.md b/jos/09/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/16.md +++ b/jos/09/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/17.md b/jos/09/17.md index bd01c94690..a8849530b7 100644 --- a/jos/09/17.md +++ b/jos/09/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kiriath Jearim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/09/18.md b/jos/09/18.md index a2c9d8cfae..c6dad4a1a6 100644 --- a/jos/09/18.md +++ b/jos/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The whole community was grumbling "All of the Israelites were grumbling" - diff --git a/jos/09/19.md b/jos/09/19.md index 42eda81db2..a8e495434f 100644 --- a/jos/09/19.md +++ b/jos/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people Here this phrase refers to the nation of Israel. - diff --git a/jos/09/20.md b/jos/09/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/20.md +++ b/jos/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/21.md b/jos/09/21.md index 2750d9b7b8..a16a2a2231 100644 --- a/jos/09/21.md +++ b/jos/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Gibeonites became cutters of wood and drawers of water "the Gibeonites became woodcutters and water carriers" - diff --git a/jos/09/22.md b/jos/09/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/22.md +++ b/jos/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/23.md b/jos/09/23.md index 38b4b20bf0..187fbc9121 100644 --- a/jos/09/23.md +++ b/jos/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house of my God Here this phrase refers to the dwelling place of Yahweh, the Tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/09/24.md b/jos/09/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/09/24.md +++ b/jos/09/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/09/25.md b/jos/09/25.md index 08cfe9a104..98258bd329 100644 --- a/jos/09/25.md +++ b/jos/09/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whatever seems good and right The words "good" and "right" mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "Whatever seems fair and just" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jos/09/26.md b/jos/09/26.md index 77db469688..34f36a24b5 100644 --- a/jos/09/26.md +++ b/jos/09/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for them The word "them" here refers to the Gibeonites. - diff --git a/jos/09/27.md b/jos/09/27.md index 29117a7b95..1b450c5a04 100644 --- a/jos/09/27.md +++ b/jos/09/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to this day "even up to now." This means that the people had continued to do these things even up to the day that the writer was living. - diff --git a/jos/09/intro.md b/jos/09/intro.md index d8337e3c4a..2f2a1653ec 100644 --- a/jos/09/intro.md +++ b/jos/09/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Joshua 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Israel's mistake +### Israel's mistake Israel was deceived because "they did not consult with Yahweh for guidance." Instead of consulting Yahweh, they attempted to achieve victory under their own power. This was sinful. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Israel was deceived because "they did not consult with Yahweh for guidance." Ins * __[Joshua 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/10/01.md b/jos/10/01.md index f3a2302f5b..01cd0927e8 100644 --- a/jos/10/01.md +++ b/jos/10/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a pause in the story. Here the writer tells about # Adoni-Zedek This is the name of a man who is an important king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/02.md b/jos/10/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/02.md +++ b/jos/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/03.md b/jos/10/03.md index 84ca09f015..427c866a92 100644 --- a/jos/10/03.md +++ b/jos/10/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hoham ... Piram ... Japhia ... Debir These are the names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/04.md b/jos/10/04.md index a2635d5a13..4290de652e 100644 --- a/jos/10/04.md +++ b/jos/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Come up to me "Travel to where I am." Jerusalem was higher in elevation than other cities in Canaan. - diff --git a/jos/10/05.md b/jos/10/05.md index ce9af5ac52..f580751d09 100644 --- a/jos/10/05.md +++ b/jos/10/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # They encamped near Gibeon This means they set up their camp around their city. This was a way of weakening those in the city. It prevented people from escaping the city, and it prevented others from bringing food and water to them in the city. - diff --git a/jos/10/06.md b/jos/10/06.md index 24939dd485..8de37a32bf 100644 --- a/jos/10/06.md +++ b/jos/10/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This humble request is stated with two negatives to emphasize the need for a pos # your hands The word "hands" here refers to the people of Israel's strength. Alternate translation: "your strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/07.md b/jos/10/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/07.md +++ b/jos/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/08.md b/jos/10/08.md index 419cb578e9..d1f1ad3b82 100644 --- a/jos/10/08.md +++ b/jos/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents the people of Israel's strength and their ability to defe # I have given them Here the word "them" refers to the attacking armies. - diff --git a/jos/10/09.md b/jos/10/09.md index dbb1c1591e..419c57b32b 100644 --- a/jos/10/09.md +++ b/jos/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joshua came The entire army of Israel is referred to here by the name of their commander, Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/10.md b/jos/10/10.md index cb407beecf..d891e74439 100644 --- a/jos/10/10.md +++ b/jos/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Israel" refers to the entire army of Israel. # Beth Horon ... Azekah ... Makkedah These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/11.md b/jos/10/11.md index beeea32610..64103f659a 100644 --- a/jos/10/11.md +++ b/jos/10/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # threw large stones down from heaven "threw large hailstones from the sky" - diff --git a/jos/10/12.md b/jos/10/12.md index a9726a2d1e..d89a04b920 100644 --- a/jos/10/12.md +++ b/jos/10/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joshua commands the sun and moon as if these were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # Valley of Aijalon This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/13.md b/jos/10/13.md index b41f344c8e..bfe1148ac8 100644 --- a/jos/10/13.md +++ b/jos/10/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # Is this not written in the Book of Jashar? The writer uses this question as background information to remind the reader that the incident is well-documented. Alternate translation: "This is written in The Book of Jashar." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/14.md b/jos/10/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/14.md +++ b/jos/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/15.md b/jos/10/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/15.md +++ b/jos/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/16.md b/jos/10/16.md index 4942416baa..0eb9a3e1ce 100644 --- a/jos/10/16.md +++ b/jos/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Makkedah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/17.md b/jos/10/17.md index e1ffce2c73..dbb9941588 100644 --- a/jos/10/17.md +++ b/jos/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It was told to Joshua Messengers came and told Joshua. Alternate translation: "Someone told Joshua" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/18.md b/jos/10/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/18.md +++ b/jos/10/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/19.md b/jos/10/19.md index b684ddf3c4..f0db578f24 100644 --- a/jos/10/19.md +++ b/jos/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into your hand The phrase "your hand" here means "your control." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/20.md b/jos/10/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/20.md +++ b/jos/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/21.md b/jos/10/21.md index 388bfef61d..9a1bc9be4f 100644 --- a/jos/10/21.md +++ b/jos/10/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate the same way as you did in [Joshua 10:10](../10/10.md). (See: [[rc://e # No one dared to say one word against "No one dared to say anything against" or "No one dared to complain or protest against" - diff --git a/jos/10/22.md b/jos/10/22.md index 4190e0b823..7b55db6a05 100644 --- a/jos/10/22.md +++ b/jos/10/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Open the mouth of the cave Here "mouth" is an idiom that means "entrance." Alternate translation: "Open the entrance of the cave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/23.md b/jos/10/23.md index 8b970e5e7d..d218895715 100644 --- a/jos/10/23.md +++ b/jos/10/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jarmuth ... Lachish ... Eglon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/24.md b/jos/10/24.md index 6126a4c119..5debd4311c 100644 --- a/jos/10/24.md +++ b/jos/10/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # every man of Israel Here the men of Israel represent only those who were soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/25.md b/jos/10/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/25.md +++ b/jos/10/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/26.md b/jos/10/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/26.md +++ b/jos/10/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/27.md b/jos/10/27.md index d1679548a5..cb3c454d63 100644 --- a/jos/10/27.md +++ b/jos/10/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to this very day "until the author wrote this story" - diff --git a/jos/10/28.md b/jos/10/28.md index 616baad945..34d7e38a88 100644 --- a/jos/10/28.md +++ b/jos/10/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [Joshua 10:10](../10/10 # He completely destroyed everyone in it. He left no survivor in it The second sentence summarizes the first sentence to emphasize that Joshua left no person or animal alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/29.md b/jos/10/29.md index ff14effed9..d9b5d41d80 100644 --- a/jos/10/29.md +++ b/jos/10/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Libnah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/30.md b/jos/10/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/30.md +++ b/jos/10/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/31.md b/jos/10/31.md index fc72d4a330..0814ac479b 100644 --- a/jos/10/31.md +++ b/jos/10/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Libnah ... Lachish These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/32.md b/jos/10/32.md index d1afd6e557..7d7b0fa2c2 100644 --- a/jos/10/32.md +++ b/jos/10/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into the hand of Israel Here their "hand" represents their control. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave Lachish into the control of the nation of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/33.md b/jos/10/33.md index d30fed0a49..95cde42fe3 100644 --- a/jos/10/33.md +++ b/jos/10/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man who is an important king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/t # Gezer ... Lachish These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/34.md b/jos/10/34.md index 42d294ec45..b1b4fccc1f 100644 --- a/jos/10/34.md +++ b/jos/10/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lachish ... Eglon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/35.md b/jos/10/35.md index 118098691a..b95c0bfa92 100644 --- a/jos/10/35.md +++ b/jos/10/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # struck it with the edge of the sword ... completely destroyed everyone in it These two phrases have similar meanings. Together they show the completeness of the destruction of Eglon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/36.md b/jos/10/36.md index b602b6c03b..c96dd32b5e 100644 --- a/jos/10/36.md +++ b/jos/10/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eglon This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Joshua 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/37.md b/jos/10/37.md index b891aad5ec..7357a2e284 100644 --- a/jos/10/37.md +++ b/jos/10/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They captured it and struck it with the edge of the sword The sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate translation: "They captured and killed and destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/38.md b/jos/10/38.md index 865dbdeb95..c61f5c07a4 100644 --- a/jos/10/38.md +++ b/jos/10/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Debir This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/39.md b/jos/10/39.md index ae8bd74a66..267159c900 100644 --- a/jos/10/39.md +++ b/jos/10/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # They struck them with the edge of the sword The sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate translation: "They killed and destroyed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/10/40.md b/jos/10/40.md index c905a56df0..814f14e860 100644 --- a/jos/10/40.md +++ b/jos/10/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He completely destroyed everything that breathed "He killed all the people and animals" - diff --git a/jos/10/41.md b/jos/10/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/41.md +++ b/jos/10/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/42.md b/jos/10/42.md index ba6d22b793..cda75965a9 100644 --- a/jos/10/42.md +++ b/jos/10/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Joshua represents his whole army. Alternate translation: "Joshua and his so # at one time This does not mean in one day. It means during one military campaign, which may have lasted many days or weeks. - diff --git a/jos/10/43.md b/jos/10/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/10/43.md +++ b/jos/10/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/10/intro.md b/jos/10/intro.md index 00067d688e..776c80b23e 100644 --- a/jos/10/intro.md +++ b/jos/10/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Joshua 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines in 10:12-13 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are a poem. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "For Yahweh was waging war on behalf of Israel" -#### "For Yahweh was waging war on behalf of Israel" Israel's conquest of the Promised Land was Yahweh's war on the ungodly Canaanites more than Israel's war. This type of war was different from other wars and God gave Israel special instructions. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Idiom -#### Idiom - The people of Gibeon used an idiom when they called for help from Israel: "Do not withdraw your hands," meaning "do not stop protecting." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The people of Gibeon used an idiom when they called for help from Israel: "Do no * __[Joshua 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/11/01.md b/jos/11/01.md index 527b3fc7e1..791684ae24 100644 --- a/jos/11/01.md +++ b/jos/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hazor ... Madon ... Shimron ... Akshaph These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/02.md b/jos/11/02.md index 22d667bc22..08a80d3ff9 100644 --- a/jos/11/02.md +++ b/jos/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kinnereth ... Naphoth Dor These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/03.md b/jos/11/03.md index 12c700ebb6..c8e420f6c8 100644 --- a/jos/11/03.md +++ b/jos/11/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mount Hermon This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/04.md b/jos/11/04.md index b37b344e5c..e7fd58cf64 100644 --- a/jos/11/04.md +++ b/jos/11/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All the Canaanite kings attack Joshua and the nation of Israel. # a great number of soldiers, in number like the sand on the seashore No one can count the grains of sand on the seashore. This exaggeration emphasizes the very large number of soldiers that these kings assembled. Alternate translation: "such a great number of soldiers that there appeared to be as many of them as there are grains of sand on the seashore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/05.md b/jos/11/05.md index be131d514d..723d35e540 100644 --- a/jos/11/05.md +++ b/jos/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Merom This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/06.md b/jos/11/06.md index d5936da7aa..095c9eead9 100644 --- a/jos/11/06.md +++ b/jos/11/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh enabling Israel to conquer the enemy army and kill all of the soldiers is # hamstring their horses "cripple their horses by cutting their legs." This is a practice where the tendons in the backs of the legs are cut so that the horses cannot walk. - diff --git a/jos/11/07.md b/jos/11/07.md index be131d514d..723d35e540 100644 --- a/jos/11/07.md +++ b/jos/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Merom This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/08.md b/jos/11/08.md index 197f03c8bf..fc0f434421 100644 --- a/jos/11/08.md +++ b/jos/11/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "hand" represents power. Yahweh enabling the army of Israel to con # Misrephoth Maim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/09.md b/jos/11/09.md index 6eee0e5d4d..ce943048f4 100644 --- a/jos/11/09.md +++ b/jos/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hamstrung This is a practice where the tendons in the backs of the legs are cut so that the horses cannot run. See how you translated this word in [Joshua 11:6](../11/06.md). - diff --git a/jos/11/10.md b/jos/11/10.md index 6e7ee55697..aca51a9d6d 100644 --- a/jos/11/10.md +++ b/jos/11/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Hazor had been head of all these kingdoms Hazor being the most important city is spoken of as Hazor being the head of the other kingdoms. Alternate translation: Hazor had been the most important of all these kingdoms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/11.md b/jos/11/11.md index 939dc2425f..f37886365c 100644 --- a/jos/11/11.md +++ b/jos/11/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize complete destruction. (Se # he set them apart to be destroyed The word "he" refers to Joshua and represents himself and his army. Completely destroying every living thing in the city is spoken of as if those living things were dedicated for destruction. Alternate translation: "the army completely destroyed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/12.md b/jos/11/12.md index 4d01d8aab6..9ef1b922e4 100644 --- a/jos/11/12.md +++ b/jos/11/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # struck them with the edge of the sword "killed them" - diff --git a/jos/11/13.md b/jos/11/13.md index f95195e120..52871ea846 100644 --- a/jos/11/13.md +++ b/jos/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that Hazor was the only city built on a mound th # cities built on mounds "cities built on small hills" - diff --git a/jos/11/14.md b/jos/11/14.md index c68575f3b6..296e2a3245 100644 --- a/jos/11/14.md +++ b/jos/11/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to the army of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rprono # They killed every human being with the edge of the sword until all were dead. They left alive no creature that breathed. These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize complete destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/15.md b/jos/11/15.md index 34811782d5..d2f98bc056 100644 --- a/jos/11/15.md +++ b/jos/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He left nothing undone of all that Yahweh commanded Moses to do This negative phrase emphasizes that Joshua did everything that Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: "Joshua did everything that Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/16.md b/jos/11/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/11/16.md +++ b/jos/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/11/17.md b/jos/11/17.md index b891fa545f..3f53f4ceae 100644 --- a/jos/11/17.md +++ b/jos/11/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mount Halak ... Baal Gad These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/18.md b/jos/11/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/11/18.md +++ b/jos/11/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/11/19.md b/jos/11/19.md index dcfc5fb066..56d45d6a1b 100644 --- a/jos/11/19.md +++ b/jos/11/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Not one city made peace with the army of Israel except the Hivites who lived in Gibeon This double negative emphasizes that the Hivites were the only people who made peace with Israel. The phrase "one city" is a metonym for the people who lived in that one city. Alternate translation: "The only city that made peace with the army of Israel was the Hivites who lived in Gibeon" or "The only people who made peace with the army of Israel were the Hivites who lived in Gibeon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/20.md b/jos/11/20.md index 31c891a51c..7865a72c93 100644 --- a/jos/11/20.md +++ b/jos/11/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it was Yahweh who hardened their hearts Yahweh causing the people of the cities to be stubborn is spoken of as if Yahweh had hardened their hearts. Alternate translation: "it was Yahweh who caused them to act stubbornly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/21.md b/jos/11/21.md index 3a88588752..f906c631d6 100644 --- a/jos/11/21.md +++ b/jos/11/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the descendants of Anak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Debir ... Anab These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/22.md b/jos/11/22.md index a8f828e010..f28217f4af 100644 --- a/jos/11/22.md +++ b/jos/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # None of the Anakim were left in the land of Israel except at Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod. This double negative emphasizes that Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod were the only places in which the Anakim were left. Alternate translation: "The only Anakim left in the land of Israel were those in Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/23.md b/jos/11/23.md index 9f365a67a4..78742565f4 100644 --- a/jos/11/23.md +++ b/jos/11/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joshua giving the land to the Israelites is spoken of as if he had given the Isr # the land had rest from the wars The people no longer fighting wars is spoken of as if the land were a person who rested from war. Alternate translation: "the people no longer fought wars in the land" or "there was peace in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/11/intro.md b/jos/11/intro.md index 9d825c2665..554e4d1f2f 100644 --- a/jos/11/intro.md +++ b/jos/11/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Joshua 11 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh overcomes the united forces of the northern kingdoms +### Yahweh overcomes the united forces of the northern kingdoms -Yahweh said to Joshua, "Do not be afraid in their presence, because tomorrow at this time I am giving them all to Israel as dead men." Even when the kingdoms of Canaan joined forces, they were not able to overcome the power of Yahweh. +Yahweh said to Joshua, "Do not be afraid in their presence, because tomorrow at this time I am giving them all to Israel as dead men." Even when the kingdoms of Canaan joined forces, they were not able to overcome the power of Yahweh. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Yahweh gave the enemy into the hand of Israel" -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Yahweh gave the enemy into the hand of Israel" This phrase may present difficulties in translation. The translator should ensure that Yahweh receives credit for Israel's victory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase may present difficulties in translation. The translator should ensur * __[Joshua 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/12/01.md b/jos/12/01.md index f9329b6bc6..cc64741003 100644 --- a/jos/12/01.md +++ b/jos/12/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the list of kings that continues through verse 24. # the Arabah These are the names of a region of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/02.md b/jos/12/02.md index dcadc62d3e..a51c4bd560 100644 --- a/jos/12/02.md +++ b/jos/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Sihon ... Heshbon See how you translated these words in [Joshua 9:10](../09/10.md). - diff --git a/jos/12/03.md b/jos/12/03.md index fb8ba1d5b9..bbcc6247fc 100644 --- a/jos/12/03.md +++ b/jos/12/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a place. See how you translated this in [Joshua 11:2](../11/02.md). # Beth Jeshimoth ... Mount Pisgah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/04.md b/jos/12/04.md index a872e3ebc2..deb992980f 100644 --- a/jos/12/04.md +++ b/jos/12/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names # Ashtaroth ... Edrei These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/05.md b/jos/12/05.md index a74e25d8ad..c6a9351e08 100644 --- a/jos/12/05.md +++ b/jos/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Maakathites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/06.md b/jos/12/06.md index 507141117a..7eb7fd5e92 100644 --- a/jos/12/06.md +++ b/jos/12/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the descendants of Gad. # half tribe of Manasseh They are called a half tribe because the other half of the tribe received an inheritance in the land of Canaan. - diff --git a/jos/12/07.md b/jos/12/07.md index ec1790c9bf..2003d261ce 100644 --- a/jos/12/07.md +++ b/jos/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Baal Gad ... Mount Halak These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/08.md b/jos/12/08.md index 3956df126b..a1179ac6b9 100644 --- a/jos/12/08.md +++ b/jos/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Arabah This is the name of a region of land. Translate as in [Joshua 12:1](./01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/09.md b/jos/12/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/12/09.md +++ b/jos/12/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/12/10.md b/jos/12/10.md index 1da3074df0..7ca69678d4 100644 --- a/jos/12/10.md +++ b/jos/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hebron This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/11.md b/jos/12/11.md index e653c77f7a..74c2925924 100644 --- a/jos/12/11.md +++ b/jos/12/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jarmuth ... Lachish These are the names of cities. Translate in the same way you did in [Joshua 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/12.md b/jos/12/12.md index 16e8ee0352..673bc09f94 100644 --- a/jos/12/12.md +++ b/jos/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eglon ... Gezer These are the names of cities. Translate "Eglon" in the same way you did in [Joshua 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/13.md b/jos/12/13.md index cf4a9b2b0e..bb0d4cf19f 100644 --- a/jos/12/13.md +++ b/jos/12/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Debir ... Geder These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/14.md b/jos/12/14.md index b04c6113c6..27db7f6600 100644 --- a/jos/12/14.md +++ b/jos/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hormah ... Arad These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/15.md b/jos/12/15.md index d4d66abfdf..d05374ac81 100644 --- a/jos/12/15.md +++ b/jos/12/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Libnah ... Adullam These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/16.md b/jos/12/16.md index 4942416baa..0eb9a3e1ce 100644 --- a/jos/12/16.md +++ b/jos/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Makkedah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/17.md b/jos/12/17.md index 9f198092e4..8fd090fae6 100644 --- a/jos/12/17.md +++ b/jos/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tappuah ... Hepher These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/18.md b/jos/12/18.md index 1ea1b08a6e..c1bf7234fd 100644 --- a/jos/12/18.md +++ b/jos/12/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Aphek ... Lasharon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/19.md b/jos/12/19.md index b8d9cafc20..86902a6126 100644 --- a/jos/12/19.md +++ b/jos/12/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Madon ... Hazor These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/20.md b/jos/12/20.md index b24df87ddb..a23e559c9a 100644 --- a/jos/12/20.md +++ b/jos/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shimron Meron ... Akshaph These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/21.md b/jos/12/21.md index aa7f472fb4..b2b70daa05 100644 --- a/jos/12/21.md +++ b/jos/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Taanach ... Megiddo These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/22.md b/jos/12/22.md index bf61785924..b053e6087e 100644 --- a/jos/12/22.md +++ b/jos/12/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kedesh ... Jokneam These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/23.md b/jos/12/23.md index 4b0e770c1d..886067ed28 100644 --- a/jos/12/23.md +++ b/jos/12/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Dor ... Naphoth Dor ... Goyim These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/24.md b/jos/12/24.md index 1bd7792e87..829240ff49 100644 --- a/jos/12/24.md +++ b/jos/12/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # thirty-one in all "31 in all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/12/intro.md b/jos/12/intro.md index 282e35ae42..0786b1378a 100644 --- a/jos/12/intro.md +++ b/jos/12/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Joshua 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines in 12:2-5 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are part of a long list. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The ULB sets the lines in 12:2-5 farther to the right on the page than the rest * __[Joshua 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/13/01.md b/jos/13/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/13/01.md +++ b/jos/13/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/13/02.md b/jos/13/02.md index 8d9d61954d..ae8d029b93 100644 --- a/jos/13/02.md +++ b/jos/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is the land that still remains You may clarify that this is the land that Israel still needs to capture. Alternate translation: "This is the land that still remains for Israel to capture" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/03.md b/jos/13/03.md index c0a3238804..35861927e6 100644 --- a/jos/13/03.md +++ b/jos/13/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which the Canaanites # Avvites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/04.md b/jos/13/04.md index 92572de79e..9b22847615 100644 --- a/jos/13/04.md +++ b/jos/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Arah ... Aphek These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/05.md b/jos/13/05.md index a9448954d4..cdb4c88352 100644 --- a/jos/13/05.md +++ b/jos/13/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Baal Gad ... Mount Hermon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/06.md b/jos/13/06.md index be463c672c..ae4cad987a 100644 --- a/jos/13/06.md +++ b/jos/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ this is the name of a place (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # land ... as an inheritance The land that Israel will claim is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they will receive as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/07.md b/jos/13/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/13/07.md +++ b/jos/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/13/08.md b/jos/13/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/13/08.md +++ b/jos/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/13/09.md b/jos/13/09.md index 203a22a08a..4ffec77dbc 100644 --- a/jos/13/09.md +++ b/jos/13/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a place where the river is far below the land on the sides # plateau flat land high above rivers - diff --git a/jos/13/10.md b/jos/13/10.md index 8cca94f492..8d31c88cd7 100644 --- a/jos/13/10.md +++ b/jos/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Heshbon This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/11.md b/jos/13/11.md index 5d481d77b9..dd48a6f429 100644 --- a/jos/13/11.md +++ b/jos/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Salekah +# Salekah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Maakathites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/12.md b/jos/13/12.md index 67b7269ac2..b53eee4418 100644 --- a/jos/13/12.md +++ b/jos/13/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # Moses struck them Here "Moses" represents himself and the Israelite army that Moses led. Alternate translation: "Moses and the Israelites attacked them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/13.md b/jos/13/13.md index 44c8facc18..015f02b5f7 100644 --- a/jos/13/13.md +++ b/jos/13/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names # to this day This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book. - diff --git a/jos/13/14.md b/jos/13/14.md index 02ee1f1de0..6f41404b63 100644 --- a/jos/13/14.md +++ b/jos/13/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks of the great honor that the Levites had by serving Yahweh as p # made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the priests burned with fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/15.md b/jos/13/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/13/15.md +++ b/jos/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/13/16.md b/jos/13/16.md index b08a0a2c2b..00bede4296 100644 --- a/jos/13/16.md +++ b/jos/13/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # gorge ... plateau See how you translated these words in [Joshua 13:9](../13/09.md). - diff --git a/jos/13/17.md b/jos/13/17.md index c85d1299d8..8acecd8ada 100644 --- a/jos/13/17.md +++ b/jos/13/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Heshbon ... Dibon ... Bamoth Baal ... Beth Baal Meon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/18.md b/jos/13/18.md index af3f8fb2ad..56084d016f 100644 --- a/jos/13/18.md +++ b/jos/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jahaz ... Kedemoth ... Mephaath These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/19.md b/jos/13/19.md index 60a2bb2834..8eafd9e986 100644 --- a/jos/13/19.md +++ b/jos/13/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kiriathaim ... Sibmah ... Zereth Shahar These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/20.md b/jos/13/20.md index 0b4d6449e1..25c2bdc71d 100644 --- a/jos/13/20.md +++ b/jos/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Peor ... Pisgah ... Beth Jeshimoth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/21.md b/jos/13/21.md index 408b26f858..88bd7c67a0 100644 --- a/jos/13/21.md +++ b/jos/13/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # together with the leaders of Midian "as he had defeated the leaders of Midian" - diff --git a/jos/13/22.md b/jos/13/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/13/22.md +++ b/jos/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/13/23.md b/jos/13/23.md index 82ce352d70..3153d8941e 100644 --- a/jos/13/23.md +++ b/jos/13/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The land that Moses assigned to the tribe of Reuben is spoken of as if it were a # given to each of their clans This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Moses gave to each of their clans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/24.md b/jos/13/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/13/24.md +++ b/jos/13/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/13/25.md b/jos/13/25.md index 294e161570..cbb5eef7bb 100644 --- a/jos/13/25.md +++ b/jos/13/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jazer ... Aroer ... Rabbah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/26.md b/jos/13/26.md index 7884ea7ed7..87391dcc85 100644 --- a/jos/13/26.md +++ b/jos/13/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Heshbon ... Ramath Mizpah ... Betonim ... Mahanaim ... Debir These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/27.md b/jos/13/27.md index 8f93944375..0bee7cc246 100644 --- a/jos/13/27.md +++ b/jos/13/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Haram ... Beth Nimrah ... Sukkoth ... Zaphon ... Heshbon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/28.md b/jos/13/28.md index a53e42de29..33802df3c9 100644 --- a/jos/13/28.md +++ b/jos/13/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is the inheritance of the tribe of Gad The land that Moses assigned to the tribe of Gad is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the tribe of Gad received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/29.md b/jos/13/29.md index bdb7ee379e..73e6895934 100644 --- a/jos/13/29.md +++ b/jos/13/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Only half of the tribe received this land because the other half received land o # It was assigned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses assigned it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/30.md b/jos/13/30.md index 498e4c4cdb..936208cd7d 100644 --- a/jos/13/30.md +++ b/jos/13/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mahanaim ... Jair These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/31.md b/jos/13/31.md index 26f9380a1c..60b57956d6 100644 --- a/jos/13/31.md +++ b/jos/13/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses assigned these" # Makir This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/32.md b/jos/13/32.md index a6a8178903..ae30c66834 100644 --- a/jos/13/32.md +++ b/jos/13/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is the inheritance that Moses assigned to them The land that Moses assigned to the tribes of Israel on the east side of the Jordan is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Moses gave to them as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "This is the land that Moses assigned to them as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/33.md b/jos/13/33.md index b677f3f6fa..b962155f2b 100644 --- a/jos/13/33.md +++ b/jos/13/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh, the God of Israel, is their inheritance The writer speaks of the great honor that the Levites had by serving Yahweh as priests as if Yahweh were something that they would inherit. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, the God of Israel, is what they have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/13/intro.md b/jos/13/intro.md index e05826aed8..d6ef5509a7 100644 --- a/jos/13/intro.md +++ b/jos/13/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Joshua 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins a section about dividing the land between the tribes of Israel. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Division of the land +### Division of the land There was still much land to be captured west of the Jordan River, but the tribe of Reuben, Gad and half of the tribe of Mannasah received their land east of the Jordan. This land had been promised to them in Numbers 32. -#### Driving out the people +### Driving out the people While Yahweh achieved many great victories through Joshua, Israel was still supposed to drive out the rest of the Canaanites. Israel's success in this would depend on their faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ While Yahweh achieved many great victories through Joshua, Israel was still supp * __[Joshua 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/14/01.md b/jos/14/01.md index 9d6894742d..7101a10c91 100644 --- a/jos/14/01.md +++ b/jos/14/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the areas of land that the people of Israel received as their inheritance The land that the people of Israel acquired is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/02.md b/jos/14/02.md index 26592aff46..ae4ee61643 100644 --- a/jos/14/02.md +++ b/jos/14/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Eleazar, Joshua, and # by the hand of Moses Here the word "hand" refers to Moses himself and means that Yahweh used Moses as the agent to deliver his command. Alternate translation: "through Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/03.md b/jos/14/03.md index 283da171d5..38af0d2b8f 100644 --- a/jos/14/03.md +++ b/jos/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Moses had given the inheritance of the two and one-half tribes beyond the Jordan, but to the Levites he gave no inheritance The land that Moses gave to the tribes is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/04.md b/jos/14/04.md index f7f48893f0..8bd0be5a16 100644 --- a/jos/14/04.md +++ b/jos/14/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ fields of grass for the livestock to eat # material resources physical things they needed so they could provide for their families - diff --git a/jos/14/05.md b/jos/14/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/14/05.md +++ b/jos/14/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/14/06.md b/jos/14/06.md index c153c3770f..8ab93ed4eb 100644 --- a/jos/14/06.md +++ b/jos/14/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kenizzite This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/07.md b/jos/14/07.md index 0ff90eefc8..30e3c1fe18 100644 --- a/jos/14/07.md +++ b/jos/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I brought him a report again as it was in my heart to make Here the word "heart" represents the thoughts. The phrase is an idiom that refers to a report that is given honestly. Alternate translation: "I brought back to him an honest report" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/08.md b/jos/14/08.md index 26374f7731..1eb47e94e1 100644 --- a/jos/14/08.md +++ b/jos/14/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Making the people very afraid is spoken of as if it were making the hearts of th # I completely followed Yahweh Being loyal to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were completely following Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I remained loyal to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/09.md b/jos/14/09.md index 72b89a6dc2..13179dfd1f 100644 --- a/jos/14/09.md +++ b/jos/14/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The land that Caleb and his descendants would have is spoken of as if it were an # the land on which your foot has walked Here "your foot" represents Caleb. Alternate translation: "the land on which you have walked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/10.md b/jos/14/10.md index c44c21da7b..ffd8b2dcfb 100644 --- a/jos/14/10.md +++ b/jos/14/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # while Israel walked in the wilderness "while the people of Israel traveled in the wilderness" - diff --git a/jos/14/11.md b/jos/14/11.md index 2b5e34aeeb..9ef11a354f 100644 --- a/jos/14/11.md +++ b/jos/14/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for going and coming This is an idiom that refers to daily activities. Alternate translation: "for the things I do every day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/12.md b/jos/14/12.md index babe80b461..ccd8ec67a1 100644 --- a/jos/14/12.md +++ b/jos/14/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) many large hills or small mountains or 2) one mountain. # Anakim This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/13.md b/jos/14/13.md index d547ccbdd0..c174733292 100644 --- a/jos/14/13.md +++ b/jos/14/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gave Hebron as an inheritance to Caleb Hebron is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Caleb received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/14.md b/jos/14/14.md index 6ffbec784d..e1e1aac38d 100644 --- a/jos/14/14.md +++ b/jos/14/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book. # he completely followed Yahweh Being loyal to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were completely following Yahweh. Alternate translation: "he remained loyal to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/15.md b/jos/14/15.md index c15a618a94..343968fc53 100644 --- a/jos/14/15.md +++ b/jos/14/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Then the land had rest from war The people no longer fighting wars is spoken of as if the land were a person who rested from war. See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 11:23](../11/23.md). Alternate translation: "Then the people no longer fought wars in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/14/intro.md b/jos/14/intro.md index 7c9d731c34..7acc441e28 100644 --- a/jos/14/intro.md +++ b/jos/14/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Joshua 14 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Drive them out -#### Drive them out The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not drive them out completely, the Canaanites would cause the Israelites to worship other gods. It was sinful to allow the Canaanites to remain in the land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not driv * __[Joshua 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/15/01.md b/jos/15/01.md index c54cbc2fbe..30cb9e66b3 100644 --- a/jos/15/01.md +++ b/jos/15/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zin This is the name of the wilderness area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/02.md b/jos/15/02.md index 70df202164..f3978e5fa8 100644 --- a/jos/15/02.md +++ b/jos/15/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # bay smaller part of the sea that extends into the land - diff --git a/jos/15/03.md b/jos/15/03.md index a5c484a373..40eefbbf9e 100644 --- a/jos/15/03.md +++ b/jos/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Akrabbim ... Zin ... Hezron ... Addar ... Karka These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/04.md b/jos/15/04.md index c5a9f8c490..9145e1037f 100644 --- a/jos/15/04.md +++ b/jos/15/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # brook of Egypt a small river of water at the southwestern edge of the land, near Egypt (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/05.md b/jos/15/05.md index 1e7dbcd9c9..dfee3088ec 100644 --- a/jos/15/05.md +++ b/jos/15/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The point at which the river empties into the sea is spoken of as if it were the # border ... ran "border ... was" - diff --git a/jos/15/06.md b/jos/15/06.md index 068cd7917e..e193650aaf 100644 --- a/jos/15/06.md +++ b/jos/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Stone of Bohan This was likely a large stone that someone set up as a landmark and named after the man, Bohan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/07.md b/jos/15/07.md index 3775b7f8d2..6cd3826fe1 100644 --- a/jos/15/07.md +++ b/jos/15/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Debir ... the Valley of Achor ... the hill of Adummim ... En Shemesh ... En Rogel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/08.md b/jos/15/08.md index cd455ab768..9924146862 100644 --- a/jos/15/08.md +++ b/jos/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Valley of Ben Hinnom ... the Valley of Rephaim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/09.md b/jos/15/09.md index 289ac1d5ed..545e14154c 100644 --- a/jos/15/09.md +++ b/jos/15/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nephtoah ... Mount Ephron ... Baalah ... Kiriath Jearim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/10.md b/jos/15/10.md index a0de703db0..7947ed3639 100644 --- a/jos/15/10.md +++ b/jos/15/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Baalah ... Mount Seir ... Mount Jearim ... Kesalon ... Beth Shemesh ... Timnah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/11.md b/jos/15/11.md index 2728f38029..1b6d2a4c0b 100644 --- a/jos/15/11.md +++ b/jos/15/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shikkeron ... Mount Baalah ... Jabneel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/12.md b/jos/15/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/12.md +++ b/jos/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/13.md b/jos/15/13.md index 879e4774b7..a4bc1c5a23 100644 --- a/jos/15/13.md +++ b/jos/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Arba ... Anak These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/14.md b/jos/15/14.md index efae1552e2..cbf0b35c98 100644 --- a/jos/15/14.md +++ b/jos/15/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These names represent clans of people who were descendants of Sheshai, Ahiman, a # Anak ... Sheshai ... Ahiman ... Talmai These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/15.md b/jos/15/15.md index aa7eeeadf6..d0ddf3bf11 100644 --- a/jos/15/15.md +++ b/jos/15/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Debir ... Kiriath Sepher These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/16.md b/jos/15/16.md index 227c9ffad4..5da633bc50 100644 --- a/jos/15/16.md +++ b/jos/15/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Aksah This is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/17.md b/jos/15/17.md index 2bd0b87901..7b2d8fbb78 100644 --- a/jos/15/17.md +++ b/jos/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Othniel ... Kenaz These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/18.md b/jos/15/18.md index 75dee7fdc3..42a56a3cff 100644 --- a/jos/15/18.md +++ b/jos/15/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to Aksah becoming Othniel's wife. Alternate transla # urged him to ask her father for a field This can be translated as direct speech. Alternate translation: "she urged him, saying, 'Ask my father to give me a field.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/19.md b/jos/15/19.md index eeacf9981c..85ba82a14f 100644 --- a/jos/15/19.md +++ b/jos/15/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the upper springs and lower springs The words "upper" and "lower" likely refer to the geographical altitude of the water springs. - diff --git a/jos/15/20.md b/jos/15/20.md index 6748fb3791..fa5f7a0ea6 100644 --- a/jos/15/20.md +++ b/jos/15/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was the inheritance of the tribe of Judah The land that the tribe of Judah received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "This was the land that the tribe of Judah received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/21.md b/jos/15/21.md index 21b46aa526..0e9c4731f7 100644 --- a/jos/15/21.md +++ b/jos/15/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists the southern cities of which Judah took possession. The list continues through Joshua 15:32. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/22.md b/jos/15/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/22.md +++ b/jos/15/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/23.md b/jos/15/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/23.md +++ b/jos/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/24.md b/jos/15/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/24.md +++ b/jos/15/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/25.md b/jos/15/25.md index c08ece1bf0..e32e9bb05d 100644 --- a/jos/15/25.md +++ b/jos/15/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The list of cities continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/26.md b/jos/15/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/26.md +++ b/jos/15/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/27.md b/jos/15/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/27.md +++ b/jos/15/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/28.md b/jos/15/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/28.md +++ b/jos/15/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/29.md b/jos/15/29.md index c08ece1bf0..e32e9bb05d 100644 --- a/jos/15/29.md +++ b/jos/15/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The list of cities continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/30.md b/jos/15/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/30.md +++ b/jos/15/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/31.md b/jos/15/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/31.md +++ b/jos/15/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/32.md b/jos/15/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/32.md +++ b/jos/15/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/33.md b/jos/15/33.md index a6fe20bba5..2b934498af 100644 --- a/jos/15/33.md +++ b/jos/15/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer lists the northern cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/34.md b/jos/15/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/34.md +++ b/jos/15/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/35.md b/jos/15/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/35.md +++ b/jos/15/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/36.md b/jos/15/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/36.md +++ b/jos/15/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/37.md b/jos/15/37.md index 2fd8808c14..50cdcd66c6 100644 --- a/jos/15/37.md +++ b/jos/15/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/38.md b/jos/15/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/38.md +++ b/jos/15/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/39.md b/jos/15/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/39.md +++ b/jos/15/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/40.md b/jos/15/40.md index 2fd8808c14..50cdcd66c6 100644 --- a/jos/15/40.md +++ b/jos/15/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/41.md b/jos/15/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/41.md +++ b/jos/15/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/42.md b/jos/15/42.md index 2fd8808c14..50cdcd66c6 100644 --- a/jos/15/42.md +++ b/jos/15/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/43.md b/jos/15/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/43.md +++ b/jos/15/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/44.md b/jos/15/44.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/44.md +++ b/jos/15/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/45.md b/jos/15/45.md index 2fd8808c14..50cdcd66c6 100644 --- a/jos/15/45.md +++ b/jos/15/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/46.md b/jos/15/46.md index 124f327784..a158d11953 100644 --- a/jos/15/46.md +++ b/jos/15/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # settlements villages - diff --git a/jos/15/47.md b/jos/15/47.md index b2ac3431f7..22b92c47a8 100644 --- a/jos/15/47.md +++ b/jos/15/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brook of Egypt a small river of water at the southwestern edge of the land near Egypt (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/48.md b/jos/15/48.md index 2fd8808c14..50cdcd66c6 100644 --- a/jos/15/48.md +++ b/jos/15/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/49.md b/jos/15/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/49.md +++ b/jos/15/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/50.md b/jos/15/50.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/50.md +++ b/jos/15/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/51.md b/jos/15/51.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/51.md +++ b/jos/15/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/52.md b/jos/15/52.md index 2fd8808c14..50cdcd66c6 100644 --- a/jos/15/52.md +++ b/jos/15/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/53.md b/jos/15/53.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/53.md +++ b/jos/15/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/54.md b/jos/15/54.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/54.md +++ b/jos/15/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/55.md b/jos/15/55.md index 2fd8808c14..50cdcd66c6 100644 --- a/jos/15/55.md +++ b/jos/15/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/56.md b/jos/15/56.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/56.md +++ b/jos/15/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/57.md b/jos/15/57.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/57.md +++ b/jos/15/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/58.md b/jos/15/58.md index 2fd8808c14..50cdcd66c6 100644 --- a/jos/15/58.md +++ b/jos/15/58.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/59.md b/jos/15/59.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/59.md +++ b/jos/15/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/60.md b/jos/15/60.md index 2fd8808c14..50cdcd66c6 100644 --- a/jos/15/60.md +++ b/jos/15/60.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/15/61.md b/jos/15/61.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/61.md +++ b/jos/15/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/62.md b/jos/15/62.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/15/62.md +++ b/jos/15/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/15/63.md b/jos/15/63.md index 313975e577..09999a1ed6 100644 --- a/jos/15/63.md +++ b/jos/15/63.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to this day This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book. - diff --git a/jos/15/intro.md b/jos/15/intro.md index cb246c781c..acc02a0577 100644 --- a/jos/15/intro.md +++ b/jos/15/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Joshua 15 General Notes -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Judah. It will be difficult to fully understand their location without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the location of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Judah. It will be difficult * __[Joshua 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/16/01.md b/jos/16/01.md index fa2949a849..e119f99582 100644 --- a/jos/16/01.md +++ b/jos/16/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the tribe of Joseph The "tribe of Joseph" consisted of the tribes of Joseph's two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim. Since half of the tribe of Manasseh had settled east of the Jordan, this phrase refers to the tribe of Ephraim and the other half of the tribe of Manasseh. Alternate translation: "the tribe of Ephraim and the other half of the tribe of Manasseh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/02.md b/jos/16/02.md index f0a8133944..433237da18 100644 --- a/jos/16/02.md +++ b/jos/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Arkites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/03.md b/jos/16/03.md index 515e08e5f3..a49bf82dfb 100644 --- a/jos/16/03.md +++ b/jos/16/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # Lower Beth Horon ... Gezer These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/04.md b/jos/16/04.md index c5af70e90e..45c6f46320 100644 --- a/jos/16/04.md +++ b/jos/16/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # received their inheritance The land that the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "received this land as their inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/05.md b/jos/16/05.md index 0edb7bf871..252e00835a 100644 --- a/jos/16/05.md +++ b/jos/16/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The territory ... tha # Ataroth Addar ... Upper Beth Horon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/06.md b/jos/16/06.md index b9786d54ba..b404abb800 100644 --- a/jos/16/06.md +++ b/jos/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mikmethath ... Taanath Shiloh ... Janoah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/07.md b/jos/16/07.md index 5ad5644558..768a30cded 100644 --- a/jos/16/07.md +++ b/jos/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Janoah ... Naarah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/08.md b/jos/16/08.md index 309bc6e0c6..164d2db989 100644 --- a/jos/16/08.md +++ b/jos/16/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The land that Ephraim possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that t # clan by clan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which Joshua assigned to their clans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/09.md b/jos/16/09.md index bc38e34c12..06f65f50d1 100644 --- a/jos/16/09.md +++ b/jos/16/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the cities that Joshu # within the inheritance of the tribe of Manasseh The land that the tribe of Manasseh possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "within the land that the tribe of Manasseh had received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/10.md b/jos/16/10.md index 38f35e7db7..26ece76eaa 100644 --- a/jos/16/10.md +++ b/jos/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book. # these people were made to do forced labor This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Israelites forced these people to work as slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/16/intro.md b/jos/16/intro.md index 47b7bbafbf..4f4b1c9979 100644 --- a/jos/16/intro.md +++ b/jos/16/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Joshua 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Drive them out -#### Drive them out The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not drive them out completely, the Canaanites would cause the Israelites to worship other gods. It was sinful to allow the Canaanites to remain in the land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Ephraim, one of Joseph's sons. It will be difficult to fully understand their location without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the location of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Ephraim, one of Joseph's so * __[Joshua 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/17/01.md b/jos/17/01.md index 514a2344cc..0a2e6464aa 100644 --- a/jos/17/01.md +++ b/jos/17/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Makir's descendants were assigned the land of Gilead and Bashan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Joshua assigned the land of Gilead and Bashan to Makir's descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/02.md b/jos/17/02.md index ab96b6177a..0bb335565e 100644 --- a/jos/17/02.md +++ b/jos/17/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Land was assigned ... given to their clans This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Joshua assigned land ... and gave them to their clans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/03.md b/jos/17/03.md index 327471176d..16824f4951 100644 --- a/jos/17/03.md +++ b/jos/17/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Tirzah These are women's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/04.md b/jos/17/04.md index 5b1f01eba3..0dbfcfb360 100644 --- a/jos/17/04.md +++ b/jos/17/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the people received as a # he gave those women an inheritance Possible meanings are 1) "Joshua gave those women an inheritance" or 2) "Eleazar gave those women an inheritance." - diff --git a/jos/17/05.md b/jos/17/05.md index c704d151b6..687a610beb 100644 --- a/jos/17/05.md +++ b/jos/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Joshua assigned ten p # Ten parcels "Ten portions" - diff --git a/jos/17/06.md b/jos/17/06.md index 6166e5510a..a8c52b3cd2 100644 --- a/jos/17/06.md +++ b/jos/17/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a perma # The land of Gilead was assigned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Joshua assigned the land of Gilead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/07.md b/jos/17/07.md index 1a7d0f65f0..50e88fe5e4 100644 --- a/jos/17/07.md +++ b/jos/17/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ toward the south # Mikmethath ... Tappuah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/08.md b/jos/17/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/17/08.md +++ b/jos/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/17/09.md b/jos/17/09.md index cc115d1d86..7aa2fdd9c6 100644 --- a/jos/17/09.md +++ b/jos/17/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a very small river # Kanah name of a brook (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/10.md b/jos/17/10.md index ba3b6f12e2..e55f9612f0 100644 --- a/jos/17/10.md +++ b/jos/17/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that the border of Manasseh's land on the north side to # to the east, Issachar The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "to the east, Issachar can be reached" or "to the east, one can reach Issachar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/11.md b/jos/17/11.md index 6798c08e01..5f85aa46bf 100644 --- a/jos/17/11.md +++ b/jos/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Shan ... Ibleam ... Dor ... Endor ... Taanach ... Megiddo ... Napheth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/12.md b/jos/17/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/17/12.md +++ b/jos/17/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/17/13.md b/jos/17/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/17/13.md +++ b/jos/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/17/14.md b/jos/17/14.md index fdad56dc90..300b87aaa9 100644 --- a/jos/17/14.md +++ b/jos/17/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ part # people great in number "many people" - diff --git a/jos/17/15.md b/jos/17/15.md index e8cc9097fe..0c42d3c048 100644 --- a/jos/17/15.md +++ b/jos/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Rephaim This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/16.md b/jos/17/16.md index 0f192cd1a9..f41f95372b 100644 --- a/jos/17/16.md +++ b/jos/17/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Shan ... Jezreel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/17.md b/jos/17/17.md index 7238de7168..889f82e141 100644 --- a/jos/17/17.md +++ b/jos/17/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house of Joseph Here the word "house" refers to the descendants. Alternate translation: "the descendants of Joseph" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/17/18.md b/jos/17/18.md index 50c8393cd4..490fd4f1ce 100644 --- a/jos/17/18.md +++ b/jos/17/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will clear it "you will clear the forest of trees" or "you will cut down its trees" - diff --git a/jos/17/intro.md b/jos/17/intro.md index 510087dee1..5d9a7dee12 100644 --- a/jos/17/intro.md +++ b/jos/17/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Joshua 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Manasseh's lack of faith -#### Manasseh's lack of faith Even though they were one of the largest and most powerful tribes of Israel, the tribe of Manasseh lacked faith in the power of Yahweh. This caused them many problems. It would also cause their descendants many problems. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Manasseh, one of Joseph's sons. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Manasseh, one of Joseph's s * __[Joshua 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/18/01.md b/jos/18/01.md index 89ae952bfa..b2c8029966 100644 --- a/jos/18/01.md +++ b/jos/18/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and they conquered the land They had conquered the people who lived in the land before they set up the tent of meeting. Alternate translation: "after they had conquered the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-events]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/02.md b/jos/18/02.md index 6715f8378a..9dc66f1dbb 100644 --- a/jos/18/02.md +++ b/jos/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whose inheritance had not been assigned The land that the tribes would receive is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they would receive as a permanent possession. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to whom Joshua had not assigned land as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/03.md b/jos/18/03.md index 5ea5596f68..b1862135ac 100644 --- a/jos/18/03.md +++ b/jos/18/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How long will you put off ... has given you? Joshua asks this question in order to encourage the Israelites to take possession of the land. Alternate translation: "For long enough, you have put off ... has given you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/04.md b/jos/18/04.md index 2bf5552554..6fd138fe0c 100644 --- a/jos/18/04.md +++ b/jos/18/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that they will describe the portions of land that each tribe would li # their inheritances The land that they are to survey is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that each of the tribes would receive as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/05.md b/jos/18/05.md index 9c8e74b337..aa96e23322 100644 --- a/jos/18/05.md +++ b/jos/18/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Joshua is continuing his speech to the children of Israel. # the house of Joseph Here the word "house" represents the descendants of Joseph. The phrase refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. Alternate translation: "the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/06.md b/jos/18/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/18/06.md +++ b/jos/18/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/18/07.md b/jos/18/07.md index 34ffcb20c6..bf94a8d14e 100644 --- a/jos/18/07.md +++ b/jos/18/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Joshua speaks of the great honor that the Levites have by serving Yahweh as prie # have received their inheritance The land that the tribes received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "have received land as their inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/08.md b/jos/18/08.md index ddbf9d3c57..f7a8b25fc6 100644 --- a/jos/18/08.md +++ b/jos/18/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joshua speaks to the twenty-one men who were to go look at the land. # up and down in the land The words "up and down" mean in every direction. See how you translated this in [Joshua 18:4](../18/04.md). Alternate translation: "in every direction in the land" or "throughout the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/09.md b/jos/18/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/18/09.md +++ b/jos/18/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/18/10.md b/jos/18/10.md index cc4d0432fc..3849aea6e2 100644 --- a/jos/18/10.md +++ b/jos/18/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to each was given his portion of the land This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to each tribe Joshua gave their portion in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/11.md b/jos/18/11.md index e669028e99..5174a90f2e 100644 --- a/jos/18/11.md +++ b/jos/18/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the descendants of Joseph This refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/12.md b/jos/18/12.md index 5636cefdd4..d9abef36f9 100644 --- a/jos/18/12.md +++ b/jos/18/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Aven This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/13.md b/jos/18/13.md index e0f9f38459..0954a636df 100644 --- a/jos/18/13.md +++ b/jos/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Luz ... Ataroth Addar ... Beth Horon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/14.md b/jos/18/14.md index 5b4653fc13..a96ee560f6 100644 --- a/jos/18/14.md +++ b/jos/18/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the same thing as "the border" in verse 13. # Kiriath Baal ... Kiriath Jearim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/15.md b/jos/18/15.md index 5d21f4ea37..2a7c1c1962 100644 --- a/jos/18/15.md +++ b/jos/18/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kiriath Jearim ... Ephron ... Nephtoah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/16.md b/jos/18/16.md index b006d80a0f..2e34acb06b 100644 --- a/jos/18/16.md +++ b/jos/18/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ben Hinnom ... Rephaim ... Hinnom ... En Rogel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/17.md b/jos/18/17.md index 533159a2f1..b75f75004e 100644 --- a/jos/18/17.md +++ b/jos/18/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Stone of Bohan This was likely a large stone that someone set up as a landmark and named after the man, Bohan. See how you translated this in [Joshua 15:6](../15/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/18.md b/jos/18/18.md index 08959f4903..4718225e32 100644 --- a/jos/18/18.md +++ b/jos/18/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Land that is in the form of a slope or ridge is spoken of as if it were a should # Beth Arabah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/19.md b/jos/18/19.md index 38cc17a0d5..d4d4c94afb 100644 --- a/jos/18/19.md +++ b/jos/18/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Land that is in the form of a slope or ridge is spoken of as if it were a should # Beth Hoglah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/20.md b/jos/18/20.md index 3388a68396..b8821a5b64 100644 --- a/jos/18/20.md +++ b/jos/18/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The land that the tribe of Benjamin received is spoken of as if it were an inher # it was given clan by clan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Joshua gave it to each of their clans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/21.md b/jos/18/21.md index 659e6a6aac..7330e42ec8 100644 --- a/jos/18/21.md +++ b/jos/18/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer lists the cities that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/22.md b/jos/18/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/18/22.md +++ b/jos/18/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/18/23.md b/jos/18/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/18/23.md +++ b/jos/18/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/18/24.md b/jos/18/24.md index 9b44d70cd4..8a2b0a2b61 100644 --- a/jos/18/24.md +++ b/jos/18/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their villages "the villages around them" - diff --git a/jos/18/25.md b/jos/18/25.md index 72a8860966..cfcb68f4b0 100644 --- a/jos/18/25.md +++ b/jos/18/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer continues to list the cities that were in the land that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/26.md b/jos/18/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/18/26.md +++ b/jos/18/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/18/27.md b/jos/18/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/18/27.md +++ b/jos/18/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/18/28.md b/jos/18/28.md index 5ad79402fe..98bcbc56b8 100644 --- a/jos/18/28.md +++ b/jos/18/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was the inheritance of Benjamin The land and cities that the tribe of Benjamin received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/18/intro.md b/jos/18/intro.md index 8b8ce23f7a..51e4f009a4 100644 --- a/jos/18/intro.md +++ b/jos/18/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Joshua 18 General Notes -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribes of Israel. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter is about the land given to the tribes of Israel. It will be difficu * __[Joshua 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/19/01.md b/jos/19/01.md index d0b76fd923..232754d0e0 100644 --- a/jos/19/01.md +++ b/jos/19/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ number two in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) # Their inheritance was in the middle of the inheritance that belonged to the tribe of Judah The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the tribes received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "The land that they received as an inheritance was in the middle of the land that the tribe of Judah received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/02.md b/jos/19/02.md index c5d95bfd5a..f4377703ee 100644 --- a/jos/19/02.md +++ b/jos/19/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer lists cities that were in the land that the tribe of Simeon received # They had for their inheritance The land and cities that the tribe of Simeon received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "They had the following cities for their inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/03.md b/jos/19/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/19/03.md +++ b/jos/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/19/04.md b/jos/19/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/19/04.md +++ b/jos/19/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/19/05.md b/jos/19/05.md index 67eaee83a1..f9b59551e6 100644 --- a/jos/19/05.md +++ b/jos/19/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues to list the cities that were in the land that the tribe of # Ziklag See how you translated the name of this city in [Joshua 15:31](../15/31.md). - diff --git a/jos/19/06.md b/jos/19/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/19/06.md +++ b/jos/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/19/07.md b/jos/19/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/19/07.md +++ b/jos/19/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/19/08.md b/jos/19/08.md index d4eaca822d..f1993ea65f 100644 --- a/jos/19/08.md +++ b/jos/19/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The land and cities that the tribe of Simeon received are spoken of as if they w # clan by clan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which Joshua gave to their clans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/09.md b/jos/19/09.md index 25fa81852f..a488fb399f 100644 --- a/jos/19/09.md +++ b/jos/19/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the portion of land w # the middle of their portion "the middle of Judah's portion of land" - diff --git a/jos/19/10.md b/jos/19/10.md index a0daee4308..45dddd9ae8 100644 --- a/jos/19/10.md +++ b/jos/19/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ number three in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) # Sarid This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/11.md b/jos/19/11.md index cdc93cf2ac..186f3b599c 100644 --- a/jos/19/11.md +++ b/jos/19/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # opposite Jokneam "across from Jokneam" - diff --git a/jos/19/12.md b/jos/19/12.md index 97b01c522f..13f3972d98 100644 --- a/jos/19/12.md +++ b/jos/19/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sarid ... Kisloth Tabor ... Daberath ... Japhia These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/13.md b/jos/19/13.md index 89850c60ff..a3971ce44f 100644 --- a/jos/19/13.md +++ b/jos/19/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gath Hepher ... Eth Kazin ... Rimmon ... Neah These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/14.md b/jos/19/14.md index ad0410b16f..282a5f8d91 100644 --- a/jos/19/14.md +++ b/jos/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hannathon ... Iphtah El These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/15.md b/jos/19/15.md index df563dc2c9..70c8277379 100644 --- a/jos/19/15.md +++ b/jos/19/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Bethlehem This is not the same "Bethlehem" that is south of Jerusalem in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/16.md b/jos/19/16.md index 5638e12a8e..48bec01e54 100644 --- a/jos/19/16.md +++ b/jos/19/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was the inheritance of the tribe of Zebulun The land and cities that the tribe of Zebulun received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Zebulun received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/17.md b/jos/19/17.md index 569f71c4a0..1ff035a5d0 100644 --- a/jos/19/17.md +++ b/jos/19/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md). # The fourth number four in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/18.md b/jos/19/18.md index 606bc43140..0cad177aa0 100644 --- a/jos/19/18.md +++ b/jos/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Chesulloth ... Shunem These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/19.md b/jos/19/19.md index 1fa52452b2..2e6c2162c2 100644 --- a/jos/19/19.md +++ b/jos/19/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hapharaim ... Shion ... Anaharath These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/20.md b/jos/19/20.md index 3560ac2729..64a3043fdb 100644 --- a/jos/19/20.md +++ b/jos/19/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Rabbith ... Kishion ... Ebez These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/21.md b/jos/19/21.md index 5c8c17bd4d..444d845b3a 100644 --- a/jos/19/21.md +++ b/jos/19/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Remeth ... En Gannim ... En Haddah ... Beth Pazzez These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/22.md b/jos/19/22.md index b3c158f283..b6cf86d768 100644 --- a/jos/19/22.md +++ b/jos/19/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Shahazumah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/23.md b/jos/19/23.md index 28d623706d..b1857a7beb 100644 --- a/jos/19/23.md +++ b/jos/19/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was the inheritance of the tribe of Issachar The land and cities that the tribe of Issachar received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Issachar received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/24.md b/jos/19/24.md index 37965893d4..31b195093a 100644 --- a/jos/19/24.md +++ b/jos/19/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md). # The fifth number five in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/25.md b/jos/19/25.md index c1c8643676..e35853678e 100644 --- a/jos/19/25.md +++ b/jos/19/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Helkath, Hali, Beten, Akshaph These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/26.md b/jos/19/26.md index bcd4c448e4..de144f1fcc 100644 --- a/jos/19/26.md +++ b/jos/19/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Allammelek, Amad, and Mishall ... Shihor Libnath These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/27.md b/jos/19/27.md index 4ce362ec9a..eb908e9efd 100644 --- a/jos/19/27.md +++ b/jos/19/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Dagon ... Valley of Iphtah El ... Beth Emek ... Neiel ... Kabul These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/28.md b/jos/19/28.md index 7234c0bf59..fdd3890b95 100644 --- a/jos/19/28.md +++ b/jos/19/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abdon ... Rehob ... Hammon ... Kanah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/29.md b/jos/19/29.md index ef50fdabb0..dc75af3099 100644 --- a/jos/19/29.md +++ b/jos/19/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hosah ... Akzib These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/30.md b/jos/19/30.md index 2662168919..0db7e56686 100644 --- a/jos/19/30.md +++ b/jos/19/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ummah ... Aphek ... Rehob These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/31.md b/jos/19/31.md index d1fcd83dab..1c1c1b97da 100644 --- a/jos/19/31.md +++ b/jos/19/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was the inheritance of the tribe of Asher The land and cities that the tribe of Asher received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Asher received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/32.md b/jos/19/32.md index 7624c1b8c7..7dab3d62dc 100644 --- a/jos/19/32.md +++ b/jos/19/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md). # The sixth number six in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/33.md b/jos/19/33.md index b55614d5bc..cabdf88165 100644 --- a/jos/19/33.md +++ b/jos/19/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Heleph ... Zaanannim ... Adami Nekeb ... Jabneel ... Lakkum These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/34.md b/jos/19/34.md index 53edfb06c4..80978b5958 100644 --- a/jos/19/34.md +++ b/jos/19/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Aznoth Tabor ... Hukkok These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/35.md b/jos/19/35.md index 402a41b0f4..4f632f9cce 100644 --- a/jos/19/35.md +++ b/jos/19/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hammath This is not the same location as "Hamath," but is located on the west shore of the Sea of Galilee. - diff --git a/jos/19/36.md b/jos/19/36.md index e6cf242887..22f4574053 100644 --- a/jos/19/36.md +++ b/jos/19/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Adamah ... Ramah ... Hazor These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/37.md b/jos/19/37.md index e4ecba9958..07327fd21d 100644 --- a/jos/19/37.md +++ b/jos/19/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kedesh ... Edrei ... En Hazor These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/38.md b/jos/19/38.md index 6a9ddea326..5bf6b9db4a 100644 --- a/jos/19/38.md +++ b/jos/19/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Iron ... Migdal El ... Horem ... Beth Anath These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/39.md b/jos/19/39.md index 8e253d724a..4fd212e453 100644 --- a/jos/19/39.md +++ b/jos/19/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was the inheritance of the tribe of Naphtali The land and cities that the tribe of Naphtali received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Naphtali received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/40.md b/jos/19/40.md index bdff8b79dd..43e6b98bc3 100644 --- a/jos/19/40.md +++ b/jos/19/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md). # The seventh number seven in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/41.md b/jos/19/41.md index d64e7877f2..a27f1d56d2 100644 --- a/jos/19/41.md +++ b/jos/19/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The land that the tribe of Dan received is spoken of as if it was an inheritance # Zorah, Eshtaol, Ir Shemesh These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/42.md b/jos/19/42.md index fd71292060..ee7fe58088 100644 --- a/jos/19/42.md +++ b/jos/19/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shaalabbin, Aijalon, and Ithlah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/43.md b/jos/19/43.md index a1cd16a110..e0694fd388 100644 --- a/jos/19/43.md +++ b/jos/19/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elon, Timnah, Ekron These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/44.md b/jos/19/44.md index a7a7f0b1b0..4738eab5dd 100644 --- a/jos/19/44.md +++ b/jos/19/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eltekeh, Gibbethon, Baalath These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/45.md b/jos/19/45.md index be1b5265bc..a998b5b230 100644 --- a/jos/19/45.md +++ b/jos/19/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jehud, Bene Berak, Gath Rimmon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/46.md b/jos/19/46.md index b9ce349388..f2aecace58 100644 --- a/jos/19/46.md +++ b/jos/19/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # across from Joppa "opposite Joppa" or "beside Joppa" - diff --git a/jos/19/47.md b/jos/19/47.md index be88302e25..729b1ec975 100644 --- a/jos/19/47.md +++ b/jos/19/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Leshem This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/48.md b/jos/19/48.md index f96eafb8a9..e6edee4949 100644 --- a/jos/19/48.md +++ b/jos/19/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was the inheritance of the tribe of Dan The land and cities that the tribe of Dan received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Dan received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/49.md b/jos/19/49.md index 3be05a6acc..ab7d068495 100644 --- a/jos/19/49.md +++ b/jos/19/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gave an inheritance among themselves to Joshua son of Nun The city that Joshua received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that he received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "gave a city within their own land as an inheritance to Joshua son of Nun" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/50.md b/jos/19/50.md index 2590761dfa..ee6fca4f64 100644 --- a/jos/19/50.md +++ b/jos/19/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Timnath Serah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/51.md b/jos/19/51.md index 75be52ac28..853f2a7da5 100644 --- a/jos/19/51.md +++ b/jos/19/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These are the inheritances ... assigned The land and cities that the various tribes received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "These are the portions of land and the cities ... assigned as inheritances" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/19/intro.md b/jos/19/intro.md index 950c55c4a6..9372db3356 100644 --- a/jos/19/intro.md +++ b/jos/19/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Joshua 19 General Notes -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribes of Israel. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter is about the land given to the tribes of Israel. It will be difficu * __[Joshua 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/20/01.md b/jos/20/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/20/01.md +++ b/jos/20/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/20/02.md b/jos/20/02.md index 49ca7844d9..8de975ab8b 100644 --- a/jos/20/02.md +++ b/jos/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by the hand of Moses Here "hand of Moses" refers to the scriptures that Moses wrote down. Alternate translation: "through the things that Moses wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/20/03.md b/jos/20/03.md index 65c77369fb..e9e98fe8cc 100644 --- a/jos/20/03.md +++ b/jos/20/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a relative of the person who had been killed. His job was to kill the p # blood Blood is a metonym for the death of the person whose blood has been shed. Alternate translation: "death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/20/04.md b/jos/20/04.md index a9718bd1d5..70cd9b365b 100644 --- a/jos/20/04.md +++ b/jos/20/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the elders and "him" refers to the person who unintent # live among them This refers to the city as a whole, not to the elders only. - diff --git a/jos/20/05.md b/jos/20/05.md index 75c04918dd..efc1d3c345 100644 --- a/jos/20/05.md +++ b/jos/20/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a relative of the person who had been killed. His job was to kill the p # blood Blood is a metonym for the death of the person whose blood has been shed. See how you translated this in [Joshua 20:3](../20/03.md). Alternate translation: "death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/20/06.md b/jos/20/06.md index 9777e5ae0c..fbb3062a6a 100644 --- a/jos/20/06.md +++ b/jos/20/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stood before the assembly This is a phrase that describes standing to seek justice from a court of the assembly of his fellow citizens. - diff --git a/jos/20/07.md b/jos/20/07.md index 51ab02f192..2e5116f19f 100644 --- a/jos/20/07.md +++ b/jos/20/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: There are a lot of names in this section. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/20/08.md b/jos/20/08.md index 44aeb51c03..ca76246746 100644 --- a/jos/20/08.md +++ b/jos/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Jordan This is a short name for the Jordan River. - diff --git a/jos/20/09.md b/jos/20/09.md index 0b76005482..beac339111 100644 --- a/jos/20/09.md +++ b/jos/20/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a relative of the person who had been killed. His job was to kill the p # blood Blood is a metonym for the death of the person whose blood has been shed. See how you translated this in [Joshua 20:3](../20/03.md). Alternate translation: "death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/20/intro.md b/jos/20/intro.md index c0ae5e1f11..8dca4c4625 100644 --- a/jos/20/intro.md +++ b/jos/20/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Joshua 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Cities of Refuge +### Cities of Refuge If a person was killed, it was the duty of his relatives to kill the killer. If the death was an accident, this would be unfair. Therefore, God told the Israelites to make cities of refuge for a person who killed someone accidentally. In the city where he sought refuge, his case would be solved legally: "Do this so that one who unintentionally kills a person can go there. These cities will be a place of refuge from anyone who seeks to avenge the blood of a person who was killed." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/refuge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ If a person was killed, it was the duty of his relatives to kill the killer. If * __[Joshua 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/21/01.md b/jos/21/01.md index 8002bfae6d..c04f3590e7 100644 --- a/jos/21/01.md +++ b/jos/21/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eleazar ... Nun These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/02.md b/jos/21/02.md index 4e318883cd..8d6b35f888 100644 --- a/jos/21/02.md +++ b/jos/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Yahweh commanded you by the hand of Moses The phrase "by the hand of" is an idiom that means that Yahweh used Moses to deliver his command. Alternate translation: "Yahweh told Moses to command you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/03.md b/jos/21/03.md index abb63d2722..f5b4839ed5 100644 --- a/jos/21/03.md +++ b/jos/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # following cities This refers to the cities to be listed in the next verses. - diff --git a/jos/21/04.md b/jos/21/04.md index 132e742adc..e0dd5acb5c 100644 --- a/jos/21/04.md +++ b/jos/21/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader's will, often d # Kohathites This priests in this group were descendants of Levi's son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath's grandson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/05.md b/jos/21/05.md index 0145d0ebd2..479b43512c 100644 --- a/jos/21/05.md +++ b/jos/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # half tribe Half the tribe because the other half received their inheritance before crossing the Jordan River. - diff --git a/jos/21/06.md b/jos/21/06.md index 0ca61e849b..5e161b0d1d 100644 --- a/jos/21/06.md +++ b/jos/21/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Gershon was one of the sons of Levi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names] # casting of lots A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader's will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md). - diff --git a/jos/21/07.md b/jos/21/07.md index b46620f332..cea916422d 100644 --- a/jos/21/07.md +++ b/jos/21/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Merari Merari was one of the sons of Levi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/08.md b/jos/21/08.md index 8a43901349..8d3ff63f60 100644 --- a/jos/21/08.md +++ b/jos/21/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh had commanded by the hand of Moses The phrase "by the hand of" here means that Yahweh used Moses as the agent to deliver his command. Alternate translation: "Yahweh had told Moses to command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/09.md b/jos/21/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/21/09.md +++ b/jos/21/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/21/10.md b/jos/21/10.md index ef93b37e02..7d9ca72449 100644 --- a/jos/21/10.md +++ b/jos/21/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The priests in this group were descendants of Levi's son Kohath. A portion of th # casting of lots A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader's will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md). - diff --git a/jos/21/11.md b/jos/21/11.md index 6fa79554e2..39073800dc 100644 --- a/jos/21/11.md +++ b/jos/21/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ An area of land with natural elevations, smaller than mountains. # pasturelands An area covered with grass or plants suitable for the grazing of livestock or cattle. - diff --git a/jos/21/12.md b/jos/21/12.md index 7f7dcd9fe0..3b7d1ac375 100644 --- a/jos/21/12.md +++ b/jos/21/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Areas of open land, usually, planted with crops, belonging to and surrounding th # villages Small communities, usually smaller than a town. - diff --git a/jos/21/13.md b/jos/21/13.md index ff14effed9..d9b5d41d80 100644 --- a/jos/21/13.md +++ b/jos/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Libnah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/14.md b/jos/21/14.md index b07214b2ed..f37d609308 100644 --- a/jos/21/14.md +++ b/jos/21/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jattir ... Eshtemoa These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/15.md b/jos/21/15.md index 75df4c7c81..3805553fab 100644 --- a/jos/21/15.md +++ b/jos/21/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Holon ... Debir These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/16.md b/jos/21/16.md index accfc51eca..ae7b1e89c9 100644 --- a/jos/21/16.md +++ b/jos/21/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ain ... Juttah These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/17.md b/jos/21/17.md index 5a198418de..2d1634397a 100644 --- a/jos/21/17.md +++ b/jos/21/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The tribe of Benjamin # Geba This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/18.md b/jos/21/18.md index f643181841..4b0de3469f 100644 --- a/jos/21/18.md +++ b/jos/21/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Anathoth ... Almon These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/19.md b/jos/21/19.md index d2b64ed978..33ffdd210c 100644 --- a/jos/21/19.md +++ b/jos/21/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirteen cities "13 cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/20.md b/jos/21/20.md index edbef313b0..5d6d06701a 100644 --- a/jos/21/20.md +++ b/jos/21/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they received cities" # casting of lots A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader's will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md). - diff --git a/jos/21/21.md b/jos/21/21.md index cbc4a4a72d..c7066eb593 100644 --- a/jos/21/21.md +++ b/jos/21/21.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Gezer -This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/jos/21/22.md b/jos/21/22.md index 06d5cb0976..fc4bd51695 100644 --- a/jos/21/22.md +++ b/jos/21/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # four cities in all This refers to the list by the total number. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/23.md b/jos/21/23.md index 28a6261504..32a18453f7 100644 --- a/jos/21/23.md +++ b/jos/21/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The priests in this group were descendants of Levi's son Kohath. A portion of th # Eltekeh ... Gibbethon These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/24.md b/jos/21/24.md index 5e24ab1198..cd8e3f7127 100644 --- a/jos/21/24.md +++ b/jos/21/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # four cities This refers to the number of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/25.md b/jos/21/25.md index 571c0e75e7..71a90f464e 100644 --- a/jos/21/25.md +++ b/jos/21/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # clan of Kohath The priests in this group were descendants of Levi's son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath's grandson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/26.md b/jos/21/26.md index 8e1f0925b3..3349b9a10c 100644 --- a/jos/21/26.md +++ b/jos/21/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # clans of the Kohathites The priests in this group were descendants of Levi's son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath's grandson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/27.md b/jos/21/27.md index 326a30f94e..0e2ebe51c1 100644 --- a/jos/21/27.md +++ b/jos/21/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to a death resulting from an action not intended to harm a person. # two cities number of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/28.md b/jos/21/28.md index 11d4f34353..9d0d569e90 100644 --- a/jos/21/28.md +++ b/jos/21/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The clans of Gershon # Kishion ... Daberath names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/29.md b/jos/21/29.md index 8828f04e2c..5aaf65740b 100644 --- a/jos/21/29.md +++ b/jos/21/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jarmuth ... En Gannim names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/30.md b/jos/21/30.md index 211fef26d3..831bf6b563 100644 --- a/jos/21/30.md +++ b/jos/21/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They received from th # Mishal ... Abdon names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/31.md b/jos/21/31.md index fbd73f1d9f..852246a5ee 100644 --- a/jos/21/31.md +++ b/jos/21/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Helkath ... Rehob names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/32.md b/jos/21/32.md index 15806f6c77..04f2d5f098 100644 --- a/jos/21/32.md +++ b/jos/21/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hammoth Dor ... Kartan These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/33.md b/jos/21/33.md index b666b51448..66314cf4d5 100644 --- a/jos/21/33.md +++ b/jos/21/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirteen cities in all "13 cities in total" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/34.md b/jos/21/34.md index 2e08c01f16..fb3cf5be01 100644 --- a/jos/21/34.md +++ b/jos/21/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jokneam ... Kartah These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/35.md b/jos/21/35.md index a509e5f7ee..cc7eb1ad94 100644 --- a/jos/21/35.md +++ b/jos/21/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Dimnah ... Nahalal names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/36.md b/jos/21/36.md index b3ecab50b5..8db4a9d2d7 100644 --- a/jos/21/36.md +++ b/jos/21/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The clans of Merari r # Bezer ... Jahaz names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/37.md b/jos/21/37.md index e7f9a66ddc..e52ccf322a 100644 --- a/jos/21/37.md +++ b/jos/21/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the total number of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate- # Kedemoth ... Mephaath names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/38.md b/jos/21/38.md index c400e3bf1b..91e7c3ecde 100644 --- a/jos/21/38.md +++ b/jos/21/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They received from th # Ramoth ... Mahanaim These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/39.md b/jos/21/39.md index 97578b291e..397ae5f1c4 100644 --- a/jos/21/39.md +++ b/jos/21/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The clans of Merari a # Heshbon ... Jazer These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/40.md b/jos/21/40.md index 2fe6338a19..2c5a8eeaf4 100644 --- a/jos/21/40.md +++ b/jos/21/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they received these t # casting of lots A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader's will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md). - diff --git a/jos/21/41.md b/jos/21/41.md index 42bffbf312..673aabf485 100644 --- a/jos/21/41.md +++ b/jos/21/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Levites received # forty-eight cities "48 cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/42.md b/jos/21/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/21/42.md +++ b/jos/21/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/21/43.md b/jos/21/43.md index dad4909148..867d9d160b 100644 --- a/jos/21/43.md +++ b/jos/21/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he swore "he gave an oath" - diff --git a/jos/21/44.md b/jos/21/44.md index d15ff1b0c4..e00c5a8485 100644 --- a/jos/21/44.md +++ b/jos/21/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is stated in a negative way to strengthen the statement. Alternate translat # gave all their enemies into their hand Here "into their hand" means "into their power." Alternate translation: "gave them power to defeat all their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/45.md b/jos/21/45.md index 1ee4d05643..e548cd6743 100644 --- a/jos/21/45.md +++ b/jos/21/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Not one thing among all the good promises that Yahweh had spoken to the house of Israel failed to come true This is stated in a negative way to strengthen the statement. Alternate translation: "Every one of the good promises that Yahweh had spoken to the house of Israel came true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/jos/21/intro.md b/jos/21/intro.md index 3a17500187..cb51d0a106 100644 --- a/jos/21/intro.md +++ b/jos/21/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Joshua 21 General Notes -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Levi. Even though they did not receive a large piece of land like the other tribes, they did receive small pieces of land to live on and for their animals. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Levi. Even though they did * __[Joshua 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/22/01.md b/jos/22/01.md index 63b58c9082..dd9fc832cc 100644 --- a/jos/22/01.md +++ b/jos/22/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ people of the tribe of Reuben (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Gadites people of the tribe of Gad (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/02.md b/jos/22/02.md index 81fd3fc65a..9ad578e10e 100644 --- a/jos/22/02.md +++ b/jos/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # obeyed my voice Here "my voice" refers to the things that Joshua had said. Alternate translation: "obeyed everything I said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/03.md b/jos/22/03.md index eb1837953c..bfa1cafb0e 100644 --- a/jos/22/03.md +++ b/jos/22/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have not deserted your brothers This can be stated in a positive way. Alternate translation: "You have remained with your brothers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/04.md b/jos/22/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/22/04.md +++ b/jos/22/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/22/05.md b/jos/22/05.md index 78e5d30818..006b5a5879 100644 --- a/jos/22/05.md +++ b/jos/22/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh's ways or r # with all your heart and with all your soul The terms "heart" and "soul" are here used together to refer to the entire person. Alternate translation: "with all you think and feel" or "with your entire being" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/06.md b/jos/22/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/22/06.md +++ b/jos/22/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/22/07.md b/jos/22/07.md index 50f4c4bf4e..acf592aef3 100644 --- a/jos/22/07.md +++ b/jos/22/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Jordan This was a short name for the Jordan River. - diff --git a/jos/22/08.md b/jos/22/08.md index 0d5a39e8e7..96883dc05b 100644 --- a/jos/22/08.md +++ b/jos/22/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a strong, hard, magnetic metal # plunder The winning army would take everything of value from the people they conquered. - diff --git a/jos/22/09.md b/jos/22/09.md index 984120bcab..1b3170a5b7 100644 --- a/jos/22/09.md +++ b/jos/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the commandment of Yahweh, by the hand of Moses The phrase "by the hand of" is an idiom that means that Yahweh used Moses to deliver his command. Alternate translation: "the commandment that Yahweh told Moses to give to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/10.md b/jos/22/10.md index 50f4c4bf4e..acf592aef3 100644 --- a/jos/22/10.md +++ b/jos/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Jordan This was a short name for the Jordan River. - diff --git a/jos/22/11.md b/jos/22/11.md index 4ab2027e1d..072f6c8146 100644 --- a/jos/22/11.md +++ b/jos/22/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelite tribes who lived across the Jordan River would enter Canaan at the # Geliloth This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/12.md b/jos/22/12.md index f0939260b1..68c8407622 100644 --- a/jos/22/12.md +++ b/jos/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # war a state of armed conflict between two nations or people groups - diff --git a/jos/22/13.md b/jos/22/13.md index 39edddc7a1..a2f643d658 100644 --- a/jos/22/13.md +++ b/jos/22/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eleazar name of man (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/14.md b/jos/22/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/22/14.md +++ b/jos/22/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/22/15.md b/jos/22/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/22/15.md +++ b/jos/22/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/22/16.md b/jos/22/16.md index e8be327752..d0a82cd7ce 100644 --- a/jos/22/16.md +++ b/jos/22/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The whole assembly of Yahweh says this All the people of Israel are spoken of together in the singular as if they were one person. Alternate translation: "All the other Israelites are asking" - diff --git a/jos/22/17.md b/jos/22/17.md index ad741c5b94..fa59a9d53c 100644 --- a/jos/22/17.md +++ b/jos/22/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is name of a place. Translate the same way as in [Joshua 13:20](../13/20.md # we have not even now cleansed ourselves from it This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "we are still dealing with the guilt of that sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/18.md b/jos/22/18.md index 4114abeb84..a9c3755aa2 100644 --- a/jos/22/18.md +++ b/jos/22/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Must you also turn away from following Yahweh at this present day? This question is used to rebuke the people for their sin. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You must not turn away from following Yahweh today!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/19.md b/jos/22/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/22/19.md +++ b/jos/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/22/20.md b/jos/22/20.md index 70305d3c27..25c394be8d 100644 --- a/jos/22/20.md +++ b/jos/22/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Did not Achan son of Zerah, act faithlessly in the matter of those things that had been reserved for God? Did not wrath fall on the entire community of Israel? These questions are used to remind the people of the punishment for past sins. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "Achan son of Zerah sinned by taking things that had been reserved for God. And because of that God punished all the people of Israel!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/21.md b/jos/22/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/22/21.md +++ b/jos/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/22/22.md b/jos/22/22.md index 745d122654..3b8e82544c 100644 --- a/jos/22/22.md +++ b/jos/22/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "it" refers to their building of the altar. Alternate translation: "If # do not deliver us on this day "do not rescue us today" or "do not save us today." The three tribes say this to prove to the rest of Israel that they did not build the altar in rebellion or breach of faith. If they had rebelled and broken faith, they would not have dared to say "do not deliver us on this day." - diff --git a/jos/22/23.md b/jos/22/23.md index 2917f8d930..bbacd61b00 100644 --- a/jos/22/23.md +++ b/jos/22/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let Yahweh make us pay for it The three tribes say this to prove to the rest of Israel that they did not build the altar in order to offering any kind of offerings on it. If they had built the altar to do those things, they would not have dared to say "let Yahweh make us pay for it." - diff --git a/jos/22/24.md b/jos/22/24.md index af9d9ee1a0..4a65713aa8 100644 --- a/jos/22/24.md +++ b/jos/22/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh now tell why they built # What have you to do with Yahweh, the God of Israel? This rhetorical question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "You have nothing to do with Yahweh, the God of Israel!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/25.md b/jos/22/25.md index 84b24ed0c7..d2623ce658 100644 --- a/jos/22/25.md +++ b/jos/22/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a short name for the Jordan River. # So your children might make our children cease to worship Yahweh The three tribes were afraid that the others might make their children stop worshiping Yahweh. - diff --git a/jos/22/26.md b/jos/22/26.md index acf859ce47..89e8ff69cb 100644 --- a/jos/22/26.md +++ b/jos/22/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh now give their answer. - diff --git a/jos/22/27.md b/jos/22/27.md index 2bb19ffea2..96b97cc30e 100644 --- a/jos/22/27.md +++ b/jos/22/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "before him" refers to the place where Yahweh had said they should of # no share "no portion" or "no inheritance" - diff --git a/jos/22/28.md b/jos/22/28.md index f20369cd1e..f5076b7bc2 100644 --- a/jos/22/28.md +++ b/jos/22/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The is what the descendants of the three tribes would say to the other tribes. # as a witness between us and you "as a reminder for us and you." The three tribes wanted people to see the copy of the altar and remember that the three tribes belong to Israel and worship God at the real altar in the tabernacle. - diff --git a/jos/22/29.md b/jos/22/29.md index 08f3bf40cf..e53ad1d509 100644 --- a/jos/22/29.md +++ b/jos/22/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The unlikely chance that they would rebel is spoken of as if it is something tha # turn away from following him To stop following Yahweh is spoken of as if they were turning away from him. Alternate translation: "stop following him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/30.md b/jos/22/30.md index 8377cb1873..0948d957bd 100644 --- a/jos/22/30.md +++ b/jos/22/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # was good in their eyes Here "in their eyes" means "in their opinion." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/31.md b/jos/22/31.md index b85eebb5fe..76db016670 100644 --- a/jos/22/31.md +++ b/jos/22/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you have rescued the people of Israel out of the hand of Yahweh Here "the hand of Yahweh" refers to his punishment. Protecting the people is spoken of as rescuing them from his hand. Alternate translation: "you have kept Yahweh from punishing us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/32.md b/jos/22/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/22/32.md +++ b/jos/22/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/22/33.md b/jos/22/33.md index 826233f1d0..f4a9d5c9c8 100644 --- a/jos/22/33.md +++ b/jos/22/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "good in the eyes" means "accepted." Alternate translation: "The people acc # destroy the land "destroy everything in the land" - diff --git a/jos/22/34.md b/jos/22/34.md index f55e667200..af3e5cdd5a 100644 --- a/jos/22/34.md +++ b/jos/22/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the Reubenites and Gadites. # It is a witness between us The altar is spoken of as if it were a witness that could testify for the three tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/22/intro.md b/jos/22/intro.md index 20b00e09b8..74ce7db47c 100644 --- a/jos/22/intro.md +++ b/jos/22/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # Joshua 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The division of the land is completed in this chapter. Additionally, the soldiers who received land on the east side of the Jordan River were released to go home. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The tribes east of the Jordan River build a monument +### The tribes east of the Jordan River build a monument -The tribes east of the Jordan River said, "Let us now build an altar, not for burnt offerings nor for any sacrifices, but to be a witness between us and you, and between our generations after us, that we will perform the service of Yahweh before him, with our burnt offerings and with our sacrifices and with our peace offerings, so that your children will never say to our children in time to come, 'You have no share in Yahweh.'" They went home even though the Israelites had not fully conquered the land. +The tribes east of the Jordan River said, "Let us now build an altar, not for burnt offerings nor for any sacrifices, but to be a witness between us and you, and between our generations after us, that we will perform the service of Yahweh before him, with our burnt offerings and with our sacrifices and with our peace offerings, so that your children will never say to our children in time to come, 'You have no share in Yahweh.'" They went home even though the Israelites had not fully conquered the land. ## Links: * __[Joshua 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/23/01.md b/jos/23/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/23/01.md +++ b/jos/23/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/23/02.md b/jos/23/02.md index 714fb675f6..eedbca2fee 100644 --- a/jos/23/02.md +++ b/jos/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # old and well advanced in years This doublet can be translated as "very old." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/jos/23/03.md b/jos/23/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/23/03.md +++ b/jos/23/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/23/04.md b/jos/23/04.md index e2183e4136..eea94ccbaa 100644 --- a/jos/23/04.md +++ b/jos/23/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a short name for the Jordan River. # in the west This indicates the direction of the setting sun. - diff --git a/jos/23/05.md b/jos/23/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/23/05.md +++ b/jos/23/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/23/06.md b/jos/23/06.md index e5485b3771..799868d6a0 100644 --- a/jos/23/06.md +++ b/jos/23/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turning aside from it neither to the right hand nor to the left Disobeying the commands of the law of Moses is spoken of as turning to the right or to the left away from a path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/23/07.md b/jos/23/07.md index a5b5a214f1..62ba93ebb9 100644 --- a/jos/23/07.md +++ b/jos/23/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ to speak of # their gods This refers to the gods of the remaining nations. - diff --git a/jos/23/08.md b/jos/23/08.md index 99ccbdf5f8..ec2fe4d9ff 100644 --- a/jos/23/08.md +++ b/jos/23/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to this day "until the present time" - diff --git a/jos/23/09.md b/jos/23/09.md index eb52f49dd1..7c5d82edc6 100644 --- a/jos/23/09.md +++ b/jos/23/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to stand before you Here "stand" represents holding ground in a battle. The word "you" refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/23/10.md b/jos/23/10.md index b01c952452..29cbe8eebb 100644 --- a/jos/23/10.md +++ b/jos/23/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ only one # a thousand "1,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/23/11.md b/jos/23/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/23/11.md +++ b/jos/23/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/23/12.md b/jos/23/12.md index 812a69d6d2..77d62bd522 100644 --- a/jos/23/12.md +++ b/jos/23/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cling to the survivors of these nations Accepting the beliefs of these nations is spoken of as holding tightly to them. Alternate translation: "accept the beliefs of the survivors of these nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/23/13.md b/jos/23/13.md index 11247f165c..1af04a78f9 100644 --- a/jos/23/13.md +++ b/jos/23/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "snare" and "trap" mean basically the same thing. Together they speak # whips on your backs and thorns in your eyes These phrases speak of the troubles these nations will cause Israel as if they were as painful as whips and thorns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/23/14.md b/jos/23/14.md index 193caedff4..1a7efb0bdc 100644 --- a/jos/23/14.md +++ b/jos/23/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "hearts" and "souls" have similar meanings. Together they emphasi # not one word has failed to come true These words emphasize that Yahweh has fulfilled all his promises. "every word has come true" - diff --git a/jos/23/15.md b/jos/23/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/23/15.md +++ b/jos/23/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/23/16.md b/jos/23/16.md index e36552fa0a..9746dbac9f 100644 --- a/jos/23/16.md +++ b/jos/23/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second describes how the pe # the anger of Yahweh will be kindled against you "Kindled" here is a metaphor for the beginning of Yahweh's anger, like a fire is "kindled" or started with "kindling" or very easy to start burning like dried grass or small twigs. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will begin to be angry with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/23/intro.md b/jos/23/intro.md index 4835baf98e..b7594f6d67 100644 --- a/jos/23/intro.md +++ b/jos/23/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Joshua 23 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Joshua's final words to Israel (Joshua 23-24) +### Joshua's final words to Israel (Joshua 23-24) "Do not marry with the heathen people but drive them out." -#### Drive them out +### Drive them out + The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not drive them out completely, the Canaanites would cause the Israelites to worship other gods. It was sinful to allow the Canaanites to remain in the land because if the Israelites married the Canaanites, the Canaanites would cause them to worship other gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not driv * __[Joshua 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/jos/24/01.md b/jos/24/01.md index b6ce28f5da..d2c7d34864 100644 --- a/jos/24/01.md +++ b/jos/24/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joshua's summons to the tribes is spoken of as if he gathered them together in a # presented themselves before "came and stood in front of" or "came before" - diff --git a/jos/24/02.md b/jos/24/02.md index dce1bffffb..6bf48657ca 100644 --- a/jos/24/02.md +++ b/jos/24/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joshua begins to quote what Yahweh had said previously. The quotation continues # Terah ... Nahor These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/03.md b/jos/24/03.md index 37e0922028..791a0da1e2 100644 --- a/jos/24/03.md +++ b/jos/24/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people. - diff --git a/jos/24/04.md b/jos/24/04.md index 933b46745d..3762993012 100644 --- a/jos/24/04.md +++ b/jos/24/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # went down Egypt was lower in elevation that the land of Canaan. Alternate translation: "traveled" - diff --git a/jos/24/05.md b/jos/24/05.md index a2dc0dcafd..57a47b82b0 100644 --- a/jos/24/05.md +++ b/jos/24/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people. # brought you out The word "you" is plural and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/06.md b/jos/24/06.md index 578dac1147..34c4fddd32 100644 --- a/jos/24/06.md +++ b/jos/24/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brought your ancestors out The word "your" is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/07.md b/jos/24/07.md index b05dd18667..8c39d95695 100644 --- a/jos/24/07.md +++ b/jos/24/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the Sea of Reeds. # in the wilderness an uninhabited area, a desert - diff --git a/jos/24/08.md b/jos/24/08.md index f0afa4bfb1..4af6d395c1 100644 --- a/jos/24/08.md +++ b/jos/24/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a short name for the Jordan River. # gave them into your hand Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "enabled you to conquer them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/09.md b/jos/24/09.md index 5ce6944c9f..4d22ef4883 100644 --- a/jos/24/09.md +++ b/jos/24/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # you The word "you" is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/10.md b/jos/24/10.md index eb86b69e4a..39c34ef554 100644 --- a/jos/24/10.md +++ b/jos/24/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rescued you out of his hand Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "enabled you to overcome him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/11.md b/jos/24/11.md index 07fade4a1a..59a32aaebf 100644 --- a/jos/24/11.md +++ b/jos/24/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation # the Jordan This is a short name for the Jordan River. - diff --git a/jos/24/12.md b/jos/24/12.md index af2a045ff8..27bf76b648 100644 --- a/jos/24/12.md +++ b/jos/24/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hornet A small fast flying stinging insect that lives in colonies. Here, many "hornets" are spoken of as only one. - diff --git a/jos/24/13.md b/jos/24/13.md index fc7cb18b6e..093d9395df 100644 --- a/jos/24/13.md +++ b/jos/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Joshua finishes quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people. - diff --git a/jos/24/14.md b/jos/24/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/24/14.md +++ b/jos/24/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/24/15.md b/jos/24/15.md index a464721d04..2c44bd4a16 100644 --- a/jos/24/15.md +++ b/jos/24/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or desire. Alternate t # my house This represents his family that lives in his house. Alternate translation: "my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/16.md b/jos/24/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/24/16.md +++ b/jos/24/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/24/17.md b/jos/24/17.md index 75778c823b..3c19913a2f 100644 --- a/jos/24/17.md +++ b/jos/24/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "house" is an idiom that refers to the location of their slavery. Alternate # nations through whom we passed "nations that we passed through" - diff --git a/jos/24/18.md b/jos/24/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/24/18.md +++ b/jos/24/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/24/19.md b/jos/24/19.md index ae2c36c1ea..30af812ac0 100644 --- a/jos/24/19.md +++ b/jos/24/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the Israelites. # he is a jealous God God wants his people to worship only him. - diff --git a/jos/24/20.md b/jos/24/20.md index 075d44d733..785a3dee2c 100644 --- a/jos/24/20.md +++ b/jos/24/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will consume you Yahweh's anger is spoken of as if he was a fire that would destroy them. Alternate translation: "He will destroy you as with fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/21.md b/jos/24/21.md index af66d655ca..f83b4a49a0 100644 --- a/jos/24/21.md +++ b/jos/24/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # people This refers to the Israelites. - diff --git a/jos/24/22.md b/jos/24/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/24/22.md +++ b/jos/24/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/24/23.md b/jos/24/23.md index f585ecefcd..d00aeaddf3 100644 --- a/jos/24/23.md +++ b/jos/24/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turn your heart to Yahweh Deciding to obey Yahweh only is spoken of as turning their heart towards him. Here "heart" represents the whole person. In this case, "heart" is plural because it refers to all the Israelites as a single group. However, it may be best to translate it in the plural since "your" is plural. Alternate translation: "turn yourselves to Yahweh" or "decide to obey Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/24.md b/jos/24/24.md index 2fb838aaac..9818784701 100644 --- a/jos/24/24.md +++ b/jos/24/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the Israelites. # We will listen to his voice Here "listen" means to obey. Alternate translation: "We will obey everything he tells us to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/25.md b/jos/24/25.md index 92f15befe6..88ec62131f 100644 --- a/jos/24/25.md +++ b/jos/24/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He put in place decrees and laws Establishing laws is spoken of as if Joshua physically set them in place like monuments. Alternate translation: "He established decrees and laws" or "He gave them laws and decrees to obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/26.md b/jos/24/26.md index 3ad704523d..2842d3d45e 100644 --- a/jos/24/26.md +++ b/jos/24/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This appears to be a continuation of the writings of Moses. # set it up there "placed it there" - diff --git a/jos/24/27.md b/jos/24/27.md index 62f8cc4b34..7a4f4753c8 100644 --- a/jos/24/27.md +++ b/jos/24/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The stone that Joshua set up is spoken of as if it were a person who heard what # should you ever "if you ever" - diff --git a/jos/24/28.md b/jos/24/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jos/24/28.md +++ b/jos/24/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jos/24/29.md b/jos/24/29.md index 0711cb45fd..f9cff74d73 100644 --- a/jos/24/29.md +++ b/jos/24/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 110 years old "one hundred and ten years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/30.md b/jos/24/30.md index f4721ea274..0d00245045 100644 --- a/jos/24/30.md +++ b/jos/24/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Timnath Serah ... Mount Gaash names of places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/31.md b/jos/24/31.md index c063c1e853..62a36e8c0b 100644 --- a/jos/24/31.md +++ b/jos/24/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to Joshua's entire life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # outlived Joshua "lived longer than Joshua" - diff --git a/jos/24/32.md b/jos/24/32.md index ca54873cae..5c4b6ea27a 100644 --- a/jos/24/32.md +++ b/jos/24/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to change the order of the beginning of this sentence. Alterna # one hundred pieces "100 pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/33.md b/jos/24/33.md index ebb3096075..8d92286aee 100644 --- a/jos/24/33.md +++ b/jos/24/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Gibeah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/jos/24/intro.md b/jos/24/intro.md index b32b514e95..010ec0f71e 100644 --- a/jos/24/intro.md +++ b/jos/24/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # Joshua 24 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Joshua's instructions -In this chapter, Joshua gives the leaders and people instructions in preparation for his death. It was common in the Ancient Near East for important leaders to do this. Unfortunately, the people of Israel did not listen to Joshua's instructions. +### Joshua's instructions + +In this chapter, Joshua gives the leaders and people instructions in preparation for his death. It was common in the Ancient Near East for important leaders to do this. Unfortunately, the people of Israel did not listen to Joshua's instructions. ## Links: * __[Joshua 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/jos/front/intro.md b/jos/front/intro.md index d8d1360ff8..300ec25ffd 100644 --- a/jos/front/intro.md +++ b/jos/front/intro.md @@ -5,10 +5,12 @@ ### Outline of the Book of Joshua 1. Conquest of the land of Canaan (1:1–12:24) - - Preparation for conquest; spies; crossing the Jordan River (1:1–5:1) - - Ceremonies at Gilgal; conquest of Jericho and Ai (5:2–8:29) - - The covenant affirmed at Shechem (8:30–35) - - Southern and central campaigns; northern campaigns (9:1–12:24) + + - Preparation for conquest; spies; crossing the Jordan River (1:1–5:1) + - Ceremonies at Gilgal; conquest of Jericho and Ai (5:2–8:29) + - The covenant affirmed at Shechem (8:30–35) + - Southern and central campaigns; northern campaigns (9:1–12:24) + 1. Settlement in the Promised Land; division of the land (13:1–22:34) 1. Joshua's final days (23:1–24:33) @@ -43,4 +45,3 @@ This phrase appears many times in the Book of Joshua, but it does not always mea ### When should Joshua be translated? The Book of Joshua should probably not be translated before Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. This is because the historical events of Joshua will not be understood without the information in these previous books. - diff --git a/jud/01/01.md b/jud/01/01.md index e211dc9042..8cf4edd143 100644 --- a/jud/01/01.md +++ b/jud/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jude is the brother of James. Alternate translation: "I am Jude, a servant of" ( # brother of James James and Jude were half brothers of Jesus. - diff --git a/jud/01/02.md b/jud/01/02.md index 1e3239fa85..242fd2fa07 100644 --- a/jud/01/02.md +++ b/jud/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May mercy and peace and love be multiplied to you "may mercy, peace, and love be increased many times for you." These ideas are spoken of as if they were objects that could grow in size or number. This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "mercy," "peace," and "love." Alternate translation: "May God continue to be merciful to you so that you live peacefully and love one another more and more (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/jud/01/03.md b/jud/01/03.md index 1dea278aa0..6d1ca204d7 100644 --- a/jud/01/03.md +++ b/jud/01/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jude tells the believers his reason for writing this letter. # once for all "finally and completely" - diff --git a/jud/01/04.md b/jud/01/04.md index 6a24c3a8c5..dcb270d9f8 100644 --- a/jud/01/04.md +++ b/jud/01/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God's grace is spoken of as if it were a thing that could be changed into someth # deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ Possible meanings are 1) they teach that he is not God or 2) these men do not obey Jesus Christ. - diff --git a/jud/01/05.md b/jud/01/05.md index 0a90839fbd..1fec5f457a 100644 --- a/jud/01/05.md +++ b/jud/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jude gives examples from the past of those who did not follow the Lord. # the Lord Some texts read "Jesus." - diff --git a/jud/01/06.md b/jud/01/06.md index 5fd4b6fdac..22716b981c 100644 --- a/jud/01/06.md +++ b/jud/01/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "darkness" is a metonym which represents the place of the dead or hell. Alt # the great day the final day when God will judge everyone - diff --git a/jud/01/07.md b/jud/01/07.md index a2a5c031f8..96ded121fe 100644 --- a/jud/01/07.md +++ b/jud/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Sodom," "Gomorrah," and "cities" represent the people who lived in them. A # as an example of those who suffer the punishment The destruction of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah became an example of the fate of all who reject God. - diff --git a/jud/01/08.md b/jud/01/08.md index ff03e4f3e6..e10f40fe56 100644 --- a/jud/01/08.md +++ b/jud/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people sinning is spoken of as if they were making their bodies unclean. Alt # glorious ones This refers to spiritual beings, such as angels. - diff --git a/jud/01/09.md b/jud/01/09.md index 2887a8c78d..291be3cd61 100644 --- a/jud/01/09.md +++ b/jud/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Balaam was a prophet who refused to curse Israel for an enemy but then taught th # did not dare to bring a slanderous judgment against him "did not dare to speak anything evil against him" or "did not dare to insult or condemn him" - diff --git a/jud/01/10.md b/jud/01/10.md index 733145e75f..684a739894 100644 --- a/jud/01/10.md +++ b/jud/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the ungodly people # whatever they do not understand "anything of which they do not know the meaning." Possible meanings are 1) "everything good that they do not understand" or 2) "the glorious ones, which they do not understand" ([Jude 1:8](../01/08.md)). - diff --git a/jud/01/11.md b/jud/01/11.md index 07d5239a53..a1511a977d 100644 --- a/jud/01/11.md +++ b/jud/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # walked in the way of Cain "Walked in the way" here is a metaphor for "lived in the same way as." Alternate translation: "lived the same way Cain lived" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jud/01/12.md b/jud/01/12.md index a503177238..c52f97c30a 100644 --- a/jud/01/12.md +++ b/jud/01/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is the second metaphor for dead people. After these "autumn trees" have los # uprooted completely pulled out of the ground so their roots dry out - diff --git a/jud/01/13.md b/jud/01/13.md index 927447df86..d1c2e790fc 100644 --- a/jud/01/13.md +++ b/jud/01/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Those who studied the stars in ancient times noticed that some "stars,"—what w # for whom the gloom of complete darkness has been reserved forever Here "darkness" is a metonym that represents the place of the dead or hell, and "the gloom of complete darkness" is an idiom that means "a totally dark place." The phrase "has been reserved" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and God will put them in the gloom and complete darkness of hell forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/jud/01/14.md b/jud/01/14.md index fefe456b0c..35c18662bd 100644 --- a/jud/01/14.md +++ b/jud/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If Adam is counted as the first generation of mankind, Enoch is the seventh. If # holy ones Possible meanings are 1) "angels" or 2) "saints" or 3) "angels and saints" - diff --git a/jud/01/15.md b/jud/01/15.md index 034412fddc..dee3aa6d80 100644 --- a/jud/01/15.md +++ b/jud/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to execute judgment on "to make judgment on" or "to judge" - diff --git a/jud/01/16.md b/jud/01/16.md index a56ff17ebb..2bfbfbcd8d 100644 --- a/jud/01/16.md +++ b/jud/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They praise themselves so that others can hear. # flattering others "giving false praise to others" - diff --git a/jud/01/17.md b/jud/01/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/jud/01/17.md +++ b/jud/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/jud/01/18.md b/jud/01/18.md index 2618c3cd89..442871d7fc 100644 --- a/jud/01/18.md +++ b/jud/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # mockers who will follow their own ungodly desires Ungodly desires are spoken of as if they were a path that a person will follow. Alternate translation: "mockers who will continue to dishonor God by doing the evil things they wish to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jud/01/19.md b/jud/01/19.md index 895547f7f9..d2a24463dd 100644 --- a/jud/01/19.md +++ b/jud/01/19.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ "It is these mockers" or "These mockers are the ones" # they are worldly + Here "worldly" describes someone who is concerned with things of the world rather than things of God. Often in the Bible "world" represents all things opposed to God. Alternate translation: "they are only concerned with doing what is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # they do not have the Spirit The Holy Spirit is spoken of as if he were something that people can possess. Alternate translation: "the Spirit is not within them" - diff --git a/jud/01/20.md b/jud/01/20.md index 02241d3e3b..14f6817ed8 100644 --- a/jud/01/20.md +++ b/jud/01/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jude tells the believers how they should live and how they should treat others. # build yourselves up Becoming increasingly able to trust in God and obey him is spoken of as if it were the process of constructing a building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jud/01/21.md b/jud/01/21.md index 64c430106f..69de196d2d 100644 --- a/jud/01/21.md +++ b/jud/01/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Remaining able to receive God's love is spoken of as if one were keeping oneself # the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ that brings you eternal life Here "mercy" stands for Jesus Christ himself, who will show his mercy to the believers by making them live forever with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/jud/01/22.md b/jud/01/22.md index 850f66e488..ae784cadca 100644 --- a/jud/01/22.md +++ b/jud/01/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who doubt "those who do not yet believe that Jesus is God" - diff --git a/jud/01/23.md b/jud/01/23.md index c0a2c9dffe..0ec1e3e7dc 100644 --- a/jud/01/23.md +++ b/jud/01/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The picture is that of pulling people from a fire before they start to burn. Alt # hating even the garment defiled by the flesh Jude exaggerates to warn his readers that they can become like those sinners. Alternate translation: "treating them as though you could become guilty of sin just by touching their clothes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/jud/01/24.md b/jud/01/24.md index 421b333003..1b51c17b09 100644 --- a/jud/01/24.md +++ b/jud/01/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ His glory is brilliant light that represents his greatness. Alternate translatio # glorious presence without blemish and with Here sin is spoken of as if it were dirt on one's body or a flaw on one's body. Alternate translation: "glorious presence, where you will be without sin and have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/jud/01/25.md b/jud/01/25.md index 185dea85d4..96392fafc7 100644 --- a/jud/01/25.md +++ b/jud/01/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # be glory, majesty, dominion, and authority, before all time, now, and forever God has always had, now has, and always will have glory, absolute leadership, and complete control of all things. - diff --git a/jud/front/intro.md b/jud/front/intro.md index 384d80316d..1e2627f3b4 100644 --- a/jud/front/intro.md +++ b/jud/front/intro.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ### Who wrote the Book of Jude? -The author identified himself as Jude the brother of James. Both Jude and James were half-brothers of Jesus. It is unknown whether this letter was intended for a specific church. +The author identified himself as Jude the brother of James. Both Jude and James were half-brothers of Jesus. It is unknown whether this letter was intended for a specific church. ### What is the Book of Jude about? @@ -26,5 +26,4 @@ Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "Jude." Or th ### Who were the people Jude spoke against? -It is possible that the people Jude spoke against were those who would become known as Gnostics. These teachers distorted the teachings of scripture for their own gain. They lived in immoral ways and taught others to do the same. - +It is possible that the people Jude spoke against were those who would become known as Gnostics. These teachers distorted the teachings of scripture for their own gain. They lived in immoral ways and taught others to do the same. diff --git a/lam/01/01.md b/lam/01/01.md index 28241dd20b..1f0ac2396e 100644 --- a/lam/01/01.md +++ b/lam/01/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of Jerusalem being honored as if it were a princess. Alternate trans # forced into slavery "forced to become a slave." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but she is now a slave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/02.md b/lam/01/02.md index 844c9d88e0..9a19d5caaa 100644 --- a/lam/01/02.md +++ b/lam/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author describes Jerusalem as having emotions like a human being. The city a # None of her lovers comfort her. All her friends have betrayed her This speaks of the people groups that had been faithful to Jerusalem betraying Jerusalem, as if the people groups were Jerusalem's lovers and friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/03.md b/lam/01/03.md index 9b16cc9b94..37ae0ffeef 100644 --- a/lam/01/03.md +++ b/lam/01/03.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This speaks of the people of Judah being captured by their enemies as if they we # in her desperation The word "desperation" can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: "when she was desperate" or "when she was distressed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/04.md b/lam/01/04.md index 377ea6e6c3..50bd5b85d2 100644 --- a/lam/01/04.md +++ b/lam/01/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "her" refers to Zion. Alternate translation: "All of Zion's gates are e # Her virgins are afflicted, and as for her, it is bitter for her Here the people of Zion being distressed are spoken of as if they were a woman in distress. Alternate translation: "Zion's virgins are sorrowful, and life is bitter for her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/05.md b/lam/01/05.md index 42cfdf141c..09420ce687 100644 --- a/lam/01/05.md +++ b/lam/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh punishing the people of Zion for their sins as if they wer # Her little children go into captivity to her adversary The word "captivity" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "Her enemy captures her little children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/06.md b/lam/01/06.md index b17cc1e06c..742e741a88 100644 --- a/lam/01/06.md +++ b/lam/01/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ A deer is a medium-sized, grass-eating animal that is often hunted by humans for # their pursuer "the person that is pursuing them" - diff --git a/lam/01/07.md b/lam/01/07.md index b46c0f45b5..5ed59754e3 100644 --- a/lam/01/07.md +++ b/lam/01/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This means that they were glad and mocked the people of Jerusalem when the city # at her destruction This word "destruction" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "because she was destroyed" or "while they destroyed her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/08.md b/lam/01/08.md index 3b3d39933b..95b217eb20 100644 --- a/lam/01/08.md +++ b/lam/01/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "has become an object # her nakedness "her naked." Jerusalem is described as a woman whose private parts have been exposed to everyone to shame her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/09.md b/lam/01/09.md index e839bee575..af4dc619d0 100644 --- a/lam/01/09.md +++ b/lam/01/09.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) the author of Lamentations now talks directly to Y # the enemy has become too great This means that they enemy army has become too large and powerful and has defeated Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "the enemy army has defeated me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/10.md b/lam/01/10.md index 2b2ae50e44..9698347673 100644 --- a/lam/01/10.md +++ b/lam/01/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to people from various nations, not the entire population of those n # you had commanded The word "you" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/lam/01/11.md b/lam/01/11.md index 40c7eae077..63cc94f3ef 100644 --- a/lam/01/11.md +++ b/lam/01/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to their valuable possessions. # Look, Yahweh, and consider me Here Jerusalem speaks directly to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/12.md b/lam/01/12.md index bfe1ba8e25..3f0b626ad7 100644 --- a/lam/01/12.md +++ b/lam/01/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sorrow that Yahwe # on the day of his fierce anger Here the word "day" is used as an idiom. Alternate translation: "when he was fiercely angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/13.md b/lam/01/13.md index 76192241d4..17b807fb99 100644 --- a/lam/01/13.md +++ b/lam/01/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of Yahweh punishing Jerusalem as if Jerusalem were a person that Yah # turned me back This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "prevented my from walking any further" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/14.md b/lam/01/14.md index d7dc948d09..5af2cdfc66 100644 --- a/lam/01/14.md +++ b/lam/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the people of Jerusalem's sins as if they were a yoke bearing a h # I am not able to stand This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I cannot resist them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/15.md b/lam/01/15.md index 2d62b5f9df..28aa0e007a 100644 --- a/lam/01/15.md +++ b/lam/01/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here the judgment of God is described as if Jerusalem were grapes on which he ha # the virgin daughter of Judah This is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. The word "virgin" suggests that this woman is pure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/16.md b/lam/01/16.md index b80a12c633..09ffafb969 100644 --- a/lam/01/16.md +++ b/lam/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of Jerusalem having no one to comfort her as if she did have a comfo # restores my life "revives me" - diff --git a/lam/01/17.md b/lam/01/17.md index ff999e771a..a6670d41e9 100644 --- a/lam/01/17.md +++ b/lam/01/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Jacob" refers to his descendants, that is Israel. Alternate translation: " # unclean A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/18.md b/lam/01/18.md index 090d77c7fc..b5c850ec6f 100644 --- a/lam/01/18.md +++ b/lam/01/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here all of the people of Jerusalem who were taken into captivity are represente # vigorous men This refers to men at the strongest time of their lives. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/lam/01/19.md b/lam/01/19.md index 95be240745..2dca724740 100644 --- a/lam/01/19.md +++ b/lam/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that they betrayed him. Alternate translation: "they betrayed me" (Se # to restore their lives "to save their lives" or "to restore their strength" - diff --git a/lam/01/20.md b/lam/01/20.md index 4c6e4c0046..b7a9217aa5 100644 --- a/lam/01/20.md +++ b/lam/01/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The "sword" represents the enemy. The word "bereaves" speaks of what is done to # inside the house there is only death Possible meanings are 1) "inside the house, everyone is dying" or 2) "and inside the house the dead people are kept" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/21.md b/lam/01/21.md index e252b87433..df7c0ba7d2 100644 --- a/lam/01/21.md +++ b/lam/01/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that the proclamation was a promise. Alternate tra # now let them become like me This is a request for Jerusalem's enemies to suffer as the people of Jerusalem have. Alternate translation: "now let them suffer like me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/22.md b/lam/01/22.md index c2ee49c865..4d55126d96 100644 --- a/lam/01/22.md +++ b/lam/01/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a request for Yahweh to punish Jerusalem's enemies as he punished the pe # my heart is faint Here the "heart" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I am faint" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/lam/01/intro.md b/lam/01/intro.md index 9195f3b970..8ceaf13cfa 100644 --- a/lam/01/intro.md +++ b/lam/01/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Lamentations 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Judah destroyed for her sin +### Judah destroyed for her sin Judah used to be great, but is now a slave. The temple is stripped of all its valuables. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -12,4 +12,3 @@ Judah used to be great, but is now a slave. The temple is stripped of all its va * __[Lamentations intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lam/02/01.md b/lam/02/01.md index d63e5278c6..6c100d2944 100644 --- a/lam/02/01.md +++ b/lam/02/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This speaks of the Lord not paying attention to Jerusalem as if he did not remem # on the day of his anger Here "day" is used as an idiom that refers to a general period of time. Alternate translation: "at the time when he displays his anger" or "at the time he acts in his anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/02.md b/lam/02/02.md index 5274a73351..a599825e34 100644 --- a/lam/02/02.md +++ b/lam/02/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "the towns of Jacob" refers to the towns where his descendants lived. Alter # the fortified cities of the daughter of Judah Possible meanings are 1) the fortified cities throughout Judah or 2) the fortified walls of Jerusalem. - diff --git a/lam/02/03.md b/lam/02/03.md index db3bea3738..0f821134dc 100644 --- a/lam/02/03.md +++ b/lam/02/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of how the Lord has destroyed Jacob as if a fire has completely burn # Jacob Here "Jacob" refers to the places where his descendants lived. Alternate translation: "Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/04.md b/lam/02/04.md index fe1fe930d9..be5cd7d571 100644 --- a/lam/02/04.md +++ b/lam/02/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The "daughter of Zion" is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here a # he has poured out his wrath like fire This speaks of the Lord's wrath as if it were a liquid that he were pouring out on the people. His wrath is also compared to a "fire" to emphasize how destructive it is. Alternate translation: "in his anger he has destroyed everything like a blazing fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/05.md b/lam/02/05.md index bef85ddcf2..26bedcbdb9 100644 --- a/lam/02/05.md +++ b/lam/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "mourning" and "lamentation" can be expressed as verbs. Alternate tran # daughter of Judah This is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. Alternate translation: "Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/06.md b/lam/02/06.md index 1c6a2e6e8b..2734a6edb3 100644 --- a/lam/02/06.md +++ b/lam/02/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "caused the people in # in the indignation of his anger "because he was extremely angry with them" - diff --git a/lam/02/07.md b/lam/02/07.md index 414cd18433..ab8186c1bd 100644 --- a/lam/02/07.md +++ b/lam/02/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an ironic comparison between the happy, noisy festivals of Israel and th # have raised a shout This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "have shouted victoriously" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/08.md b/lam/02/08.md index d0592b3a65..fdd543a417 100644 --- a/lam/02/08.md +++ b/lam/02/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The walls and ramparts are spoken of as if they were people who lamented and die # ramparts Ancient cities had a main "wall" to keep attackers out, and an outer line of "ramparts" to keep attackers from the wall. - diff --git a/lam/02/09.md b/lam/02/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lam/02/09.md +++ b/lam/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lam/02/10.md b/lam/02/10.md index b4eb73976f..44db5ec335 100644 --- a/lam/02/10.md +++ b/lam/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are actions of mourning. Alternate translation: "To show their mourning, t # have bowed their heads to the ground This is an action of mourning. Alternate translation: "have sorrowfully bowed their heads to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/11.md b/lam/02/11.md index 7d64837efe..3811b3fc89 100644 --- a/lam/02/11.md +++ b/lam/02/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The author speaks of feeling grief in his inner being as if his inner body parts # the daughter of my people This is a poetic name of Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. Alternate translation: "my people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/12.md b/lam/02/12.md index 9ce24e4ab5..100f7a73ed 100644 --- a/lam/02/12.md +++ b/lam/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of the children dying as if their lives were a liquid that was being # bosom chest, shoulders, and arms - diff --git a/lam/02/13.md b/lam/02/13.md index b0a0dfe68d..088f1aef2c 100644 --- a/lam/02/13.md +++ b/lam/02/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This speaks of Jerusalem's great suffering as if it were as terrible as the sea # Who can heal you? "Who can restore you?" The author uses this rhetorical question to express that there is no one who can restore Jerusalem to the way it was before. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can heal you." or "No one can restore you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/14.md b/lam/02/14.md index a77ca58915..6eb643c733 100644 --- a/lam/02/14.md +++ b/lam/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that the prophets have not rebuked the people for their si # for you they gave utterances The word "utterances" can be expressed with the verb "spoke." Alternate translation: "they spoke things to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/15.md b/lam/02/15.md index 1b23177ab0..b2a8ccafb4 100644 --- a/lam/02/15.md +++ b/lam/02/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to express sarcasm. This question can be writte # The Perfection of Beauty "Perfectly Beautiful" - diff --git a/lam/02/16.md b/lam/02/16.md index 8ab97c98c6..ec81bafd49 100644 --- a/lam/02/16.md +++ b/lam/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the people speak of destroying Jerusalem as if they were an animal swallowi # We have lived to see it This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "We have greatly desired to see it happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/17.md b/lam/02/17.md index 763bff58d7..73fc7c1158 100644 --- a/lam/02/17.md +++ b/lam/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the enemy rejoiced because they defeated them. Alternate transla # he has lifted up the horn of your enemies Here "horn" (that is, an animal horn) represents strength. Alternate translation: "he has increased the power of your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/18.md b/lam/02/18.md index d6b64e4397..1e882392be 100644 --- a/lam/02/18.md +++ b/lam/02/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These two opposite times of day refer to all the time. Alternate translation: "a # Give yourself no relief, your eyes no relief "Do not allow yourself and your eyes to rest from crying" - diff --git a/lam/02/19.md b/lam/02/19.md index 0a200d775b..2581e1a123 100644 --- a/lam/02/19.md +++ b/lam/02/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means for them to request that the Lord save their children. Alternate tran # at the corner of every street The word "every" here is an exaggeration for "many." Alternate translation: "where the streets come together" or "by the roads" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/20.md b/lam/02/20.md index 3921dcf04d..b0917e0496 100644 --- a/lam/02/20.md +++ b/lam/02/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to emphasize that the prophets and priests shou # Should priest and prophet be slaughtered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Should our enemies slaughter priests and prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/21.md b/lam/02/21.md index e98d0b787d..0a13514fea 100644 --- a/lam/02/21.md +++ b/lam/02/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here this is probably a synecdoche for young women in general, the most valuable # you have slaughtered them This speaks of Yahweh allowing the poeple to be slaughtered as if he killed them himself. Alternate translation: "you allowed them to be slaughtered" or "you allowed this to happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/22.md b/lam/02/22.md index 24cdd2c471..0022b7faec 100644 --- a/lam/02/22.md +++ b/lam/02/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "to attack from every direction" (See: # on the day of the anger of Yahweh Here "day" is used as an idiom that refers to a general period of time. Alternate translation: "at the time when Yahweh acted in his anger" or "during the time that Yahweh displayed his anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/02/intro.md b/lam/02/intro.md index a1d9e1edf3..c9bf9c3bf1 100644 --- a/lam/02/intro.md +++ b/lam/02/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Lamentations 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting God has become Judah's enemy. He is determined to destroy them. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God has become Judah's enemy. He is determined to destroy them. * __[Lamentations 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lam/03/01.md b/lam/03/01.md index de51eae532..8618caa5b5 100644 --- a/lam/03/01.md +++ b/lam/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the phrase "has seen" is a metaphor for experiencing something. Alternate t # under the rod of Yahweh's fury Being "under the rod" represents being beaten with a rod. The author speaks of God's punishment as if God had beaten him with a rod. Alternate translation: "because Yahweh was very angry and has beaten me with a rod" or "because Yahweh was very angry and has punished me severely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/02.md b/lam/03/02.md index a4013079b1..f9123d5b82 100644 --- a/lam/03/02.md +++ b/lam/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # caused me to walk in darkness rather than light Here "darkness" represents suffering. Alternate translation: "caused me to suffer terribly with no hope, like a person walking in darkness rather than light" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/03.md b/lam/03/03.md index 977e1a613c..17d353c53a 100644 --- a/lam/03/03.md +++ b/lam/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he turned his hand against me Here "turned his hand against me" represents attacking him. The author speaks of God causing bad things to happen to him as if God had attacked him. Alternate translation: "he has attacked me" or "he has caused many bad things to happen to me, like someone who attacks a person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/04.md b/lam/03/04.md index 64320c7847..89ffb77ef9 100644 --- a/lam/03/04.md +++ b/lam/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He made my flesh and my skin waste away; he broke my bones Possible meanings are 1) these things are a result of being beaten or 2) these are more ways that God punished the man. - diff --git a/lam/03/05.md b/lam/03/05.md index 4e676b4f21..7052a338ec 100644 --- a/lam/03/05.md +++ b/lam/03/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents God causing him to experience much bitterness and hardship. Alte # bitterness Here "bitterness" represents suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/06.md b/lam/03/06.md index 37186648a6..9ff6e26507 100644 --- a/lam/03/06.md +++ b/lam/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He made me live in dark places, like those who died long ago Here "dark places" is a metaphor for suffering. The author compares the intensity of his suffering to the intensity of the darkness that those who died long ago experience. Alternate translation: "The suffering that he causes me is intense like the darkness of the grave" or "He makes me suffer terribly, as if I were in the darkness of those who died long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/07.md b/lam/03/07.md index 88c266a6c1..d88bebfa12 100644 --- a/lam/03/07.md +++ b/lam/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He built a wall around me and I cannot escape. He made my chains heavy This represents the continuing suffering. Like a person who cannot escape from prison, the author cannot make his suffering stop. Alternate translation: "My suffering continues. It is as though he has built a wall around me and put heavy chains on me, and I cannot escape" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/08.md b/lam/03/08.md index 4fb9affe2a..30b67ac0c8 100644 --- a/lam/03/08.md +++ b/lam/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he shut out my prayer The author speaks about God refusing to listen to his prayers as though God was shutting his ears so that the author's prayers could not go into them. Alternate translation: "he refuses to hear my prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/09.md b/lam/03/09.md index d2b25f9e4e..7b7de9b949 100644 --- a/lam/03/09.md +++ b/lam/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author speaks of God causing him to continue to suffer as if God was prevent # he made my paths crooked Crooked paths do not lead people to where they want to go. Here they represent unsuccessful ways of escaping suffering. Alternate translation: "it is as though he has made my paths crooked" or "I have tried to make the suffering stop, but God has prevented me, like one who prevents another from escaping by making his paths crooked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/10.md b/lam/03/10.md index 70a790b3bb..44499b4f5b 100644 --- a/lam/03/10.md +++ b/lam/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is like a bear waiting to ambush me, a lion in hiding The author speaks of God being ready to cause him to suffer more, as if God were a wild animal waiting to attack him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/11.md b/lam/03/11.md index 3d5ad57277..0549012b43 100644 --- a/lam/03/11.md +++ b/lam/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "he dragged me off the path" or 2) "he caused my path t # he has made me desolate "he has made me hopeless" or "he has not allowed me to have any help" - diff --git a/lam/03/12.md b/lam/03/12.md index edae734200..b139d25367 100644 --- a/lam/03/12.md +++ b/lam/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God is often spoken of as if he were a warrior. # He bent his bow A soldier has to bend his bow in order to shoot an arrow from it. The author speaks of God deciding to cause him trouble as if God were a warrior ready to shoot him with an arrow. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: "It was as if God made his bow ready to shoot" - diff --git a/lam/03/13.md b/lam/03/13.md index e6cedda353..de72962f62 100644 --- a/lam/03/13.md +++ b/lam/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The kidneys are abdominal organs that move urine into the bladder. They are a me # quiver a bag worn on the back in which to store arrows - diff --git a/lam/03/14.md b/lam/03/14.md index 49401bdd0c..33bee54c2b 100644 --- a/lam/03/14.md +++ b/lam/03/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ someone whom many people mock # their taunting song Jeremiah speaks of being the person about whom they sing their taunt song as if he were the song itself. Alternate translation: "and I am the one about whom they sing taunting songs" or "and they sing taunting songs about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/15.md b/lam/03/15.md index d619fedc88..9b7c027c0d 100644 --- a/lam/03/15.md +++ b/lam/03/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Wormwood is the bitter juice from the leaves and flowers of a certain plant. Dri # forced me to drink wormwood The word "drink" here speaks of drinking a large amount of something. Some modern translations read, "forced me to drink so much wormwood that I became drunk." - diff --git a/lam/03/16.md b/lam/03/16.md index 349a06ebad..a237de2df3 100644 --- a/lam/03/16.md +++ b/lam/03/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author speaks of God humiliating him as if God had pushed him down into the # cower make oneself as small as possible because of fear of something one cannot fight against - diff --git a/lam/03/17.md b/lam/03/17.md index 4234c97729..261ed4cdd6 100644 --- a/lam/03/17.md +++ b/lam/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My soul is deprived of peace Possible meanings are 1) the author's experiences are not peaceful. Alternate translation: "I have no peace in my life" or 2) the author does not feel peace. Alternate translation: "I feel no peace in my soul" - diff --git a/lam/03/18.md b/lam/03/18.md index 0f88f9f30e..516f28e675 100644 --- a/lam/03/18.md +++ b/lam/03/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author speaks as if his ability to endure more suffering and his hope that Y # endurance Some versions translate this as "glory" or "splendor." - diff --git a/lam/03/19.md b/lam/03/19.md index 1c60b6766c..556ac638bc 100644 --- a/lam/03/19.md +++ b/lam/03/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 19 to 42, the writer thinks about the lessons that he and his fellow c # wormwood and bitterness Wormwood is a plant that gives a liquid which is very bitter to drink. Together "wormwood" and "bitterness" represent severe suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/20.md b/lam/03/20.md index 55397d981e..e14959c473 100644 --- a/lam/03/20.md +++ b/lam/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my soul is bowed down within me "I am depressed" or "I am discouraged" - diff --git a/lam/03/21.md b/lam/03/21.md index 8a5a680646..ea0a6697da 100644 --- a/lam/03/21.md +++ b/lam/03/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to intentionally think about something. The word "this" refers to som # I have hope "I hope" - diff --git a/lam/03/22.md b/lam/03/22.md index 994be10ec7..7d002eae54 100644 --- a/lam/03/22.md +++ b/lam/03/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "steadfast love" can be expressed with the phrase "love faithf # his compassions never end The abstract noun "compassions" can be translated with the verb "care." Alternate translation: "he never stops caring for those who suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/23.md b/lam/03/23.md index 8db29d5e90..10108e34cf 100644 --- a/lam/03/23.md +++ b/lam/03/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" refers to God's steadfast love and compassions. Their being new # your faithfulness The word "your" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/lam/03/24.md b/lam/03/24.md index a2cfa0b98e..c4c36d4484 100644 --- a/lam/03/24.md +++ b/lam/03/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "my soul" is a synecdoche for Jeremiah himself. Alternate translation # therefore I will hope in him Many versions treat these words as the end of the quotation that begins the verse. - diff --git a/lam/03/25.md b/lam/03/25.md index 28d2f402b8..25b25893a4 100644 --- a/lam/03/25.md +++ b/lam/03/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings for "seeks him" are 1) asking God for help or 2) wanting to kn # the soul This phrase is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "the person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/26.md b/lam/03/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lam/03/26.md +++ b/lam/03/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lam/03/27.md b/lam/03/27.md index fe6dd648fc..7d12b9781b 100644 --- a/lam/03/27.md +++ b/lam/03/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that he bear the yoke in his youth Here "bear the yoke" represents suffering. The abstract noun "his youth" can be expressed with the word "young." Alternate translation: "that he suffer while he is young" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/28.md b/lam/03/28.md index 80fcf45dce..8152d5c475 100644 --- a/lam/03/28.md +++ b/lam/03/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "in silence" refers to not speaking. Here it may refer specifically t # when it is laid upon him "when the yoke is laid upon him." Here the yoke represents suffering. Alternate translation: "when he suffers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/29.md b/lam/03/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lam/03/29.md +++ b/lam/03/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lam/03/30.md b/lam/03/30.md index 6c7ea53544..5ce10b3b88 100644 --- a/lam/03/30.md +++ b/lam/03/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "him" refers to anyone who is suffering and who waits for Yahweh. Here # let him be filled to the full with insults The author speaks of a person as if he were a container and reproach were a liquid. Being filled with insults represents being insulted again and again. The implication is that he should be patient when this happens. Alternate translation: "let him be insulted much" or "let him be patient when people insult him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/31.md b/lam/03/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lam/03/31.md +++ b/lam/03/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lam/03/32.md b/lam/03/32.md index abd3511549..64356e6e16 100644 --- a/lam/03/32.md +++ b/lam/03/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he will have compassion "he will be compassionate to them" - diff --git a/lam/03/33.md b/lam/03/33.md index 3361684177..34f8f508db 100644 --- a/lam/03/33.md +++ b/lam/03/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the heart represents desire or pleasure, and afflicting from the heart repr # the children of mankind This refers to people in general. Alternate translation: "human beings" or "people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/34.md b/lam/03/34.md index a2f200e955..1f007b5bcc 100644 --- a/lam/03/34.md +++ b/lam/03/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "crush underfoot" represents abusing and mistreating people. Alternate tran # To crush "If people crush" - diff --git a/lam/03/35.md b/lam/03/35.md index 7fbd6e2245..1f43c5b327 100644 --- a/lam/03/35.md +++ b/lam/03/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the presence of the Most High Doing something "in the presence of the Most High" represents doing it while knowing that God sees it. Alternate translation: "knowing that the Most High sees it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/36.md b/lam/03/36.md index 185cfad762..e81969dfd5 100644 --- a/lam/03/36.md +++ b/lam/03/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "deprive a person of justice" refers to not making a just decision for a pe # to deprive a person of justice "if they deny justice to a person" or "if they do not treat a person justly" - diff --git a/lam/03/37.md b/lam/03/37.md index 7c5d737b4c..1d8d9ce997 100644 --- a/lam/03/37.md +++ b/lam/03/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be expressed clearly that this refers to commanding something to happen. # it came to pass "what he said happened" - diff --git a/lam/03/38.md b/lam/03/38.md index 5bef12d98e..cc2481d967 100644 --- a/lam/03/38.md +++ b/lam/03/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "mouth" represents what God says or commands. Alternate translation: "from # both calamities and the good come Here "come" represents happening. Also, the nominal adjective "the good" can be stated as "good things." Alternate translation: "both calamities and good things happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/39.md b/lam/03/39.md index 5a0310a8c2..e7adbca049 100644 --- a/lam/03/39.md +++ b/lam/03/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author uses these rhetorical questions to teach that people should not compl # How can any person alive complain Possible meanings are 1) it is implied that mere people cannot fully understand God's actions. Alternate translation: "How can a mere person complain" or 2) it is implied that being alive is a gift from God. Alternate translation: "How can a person who is blessed to be alive complain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/40.md b/lam/03/40.md index d09b911b07..3b1612c9e6 100644 --- a/lam/03/40.md +++ b/lam/03/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks again about the suffering that God has caused to Jerusalem, bu # let us return to Yahweh Here "return to Yahweh" represents submitting to him again. Alternate translation: "let us submit to Yahweh again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/41.md b/lam/03/41.md index d25d01d661..2751c1cc27 100644 --- a/lam/03/41.md +++ b/lam/03/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let us lift up our hearts and our hands Here "lift up our hearts" represents praying sincerely. It was customary for the Israelites to raise their hands when praying to God. Alternate translation: "Let us pray sincerely with lifted hands" or "Let us lift up our hands and pray sincerely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/42.md b/lam/03/42.md index b2143e472e..068cc724cc 100644 --- a/lam/03/42.md +++ b/lam/03/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We have transgressed and rebelled The words "transgressed" and "rebelled" share similar meanings. Together they indicate that transgression is the same as rebelling against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/43.md b/lam/03/43.md index d42037a56f..b44adc7c47 100644 --- a/lam/03/43.md +++ b/lam/03/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here anger is spoken of as if it were a garment that God has put on. Hebrew ofte # you have not spared Here "spared" represents having pity. Alternate translation: "you have not had pity on us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/44.md b/lam/03/44.md index b9a6af8984..615b22ee22 100644 --- a/lam/03/44.md +++ b/lam/03/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The prayer that began in [Lamentations 3:42](../03/42.md) continues. # You have covered yourself with a cloud so that no prayer can pass through This represents God refusing to listen to the people's prayer. Alternate translation: "You refuse to listen to our prayers. It is as though you put a cloud between us and you so that our prayers cannot get to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/45.md b/lam/03/45.md index 3637972ae5..5f49e80413 100644 --- a/lam/03/45.md +++ b/lam/03/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Israel are compared to filthy scum and refuse. Possible meanings a # peoples nations or other groups of people who are not Israelites - diff --git a/lam/03/46.md b/lam/03/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lam/03/46.md +++ b/lam/03/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lam/03/47.md b/lam/03/47.md index c399b624dc..94609640b0 100644 --- a/lam/03/47.md +++ b/lam/03/47.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to falling into a pit. Here it represents being trapped in any way. # ruin and destruction These two words share similar meanings and refer to the destruction of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "total destruction" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/48.md b/lam/03/48.md index e359281a86..5f20c1b8cf 100644 --- a/lam/03/48.md +++ b/lam/03/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the author speaks of the great amount of his tears as if they were streams. # because of the destruction my people The abstract noun "destruction" can be translated using the verb "destroy." Alternate translation: "because enemies have destroyed my people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/49.md b/lam/03/49.md index d56c10ddde..941a97c528 100644 --- a/lam/03/49.md +++ b/lam/03/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # without ceasing, without relief Both of these phrases means the same thing. The author speaks of his continuing to cry as if his eyes were a person and had no rest from crying. Alternate translation: "without stopping" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/50.md b/lam/03/50.md index 9bfe88549d..3fad86a7d2 100644 --- a/lam/03/50.md +++ b/lam/03/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until Yahweh from heaven looks down and sees What the author hopes Yahweh will see can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "until Yahweh looks down from heaven and sees what has happened to my people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/51.md b/lam/03/51.md index 51f58d440f..2ccf2337d4 100644 --- a/lam/03/51.md +++ b/lam/03/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that the "daughters of my city" are suffering. Alternat # all the daughters of my city Possible meanings are 1) the women of Jerusalem or 2) all the inhabitants of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/52.md b/lam/03/52.md index 7e625ca0d9..4417775027 100644 --- a/lam/03/52.md +++ b/lam/03/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have been hunted like a bird by those who were my enemies The author speaks of people looking for him in order to kill him as if he were an animal that they were hunting. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My enemies have looked for me in order to kill me like people who hunt for a bird" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/53.md b/lam/03/53.md index 35f0fc26d0..f452938d75 100644 --- a/lam/03/53.md +++ b/lam/03/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) any deep hole in the ground that is hard to climb out o # threw a stone on me Possible meanings are 1) "threw stones down on me" or 2) "covered the pit with a stone" - diff --git a/lam/03/54.md b/lam/03/54.md index 902226e5d4..298ce24e92 100644 --- a/lam/03/54.md +++ b/lam/03/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I have been cut off Being "cut off" often represents being killed. Here it represents dying very soon. Alternate translation: "I am about to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/55.md b/lam/03/55.md index cfe025ee9c..b932160870 100644 --- a/lam/03/55.md +++ b/lam/03/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words could mean either 1) the author was calling from the bottom of a lit # I called on your name God's name represents his character, and here, "called on your name" represents trusting God's character and calling on him for help. Alternate translation: "I called to you for help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/56.md b/lam/03/56.md index 88b61c64f8..8c64a4f9e6 100644 --- a/lam/03/56.md +++ b/lam/03/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "voice" represents what he said. Alternate translation: "You heard my words # Do not close your ear Here "close your ear" represents refusing to listen. Alternate translation: "Do not refuse to listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/57.md b/lam/03/57.md index fcd340a511..5131a8d3a5 100644 --- a/lam/03/57.md +++ b/lam/03/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You came near People often come near to a person they help. Here "came near" represents helping the man. Alternate translation: "you helped me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/58.md b/lam/03/58.md index e0b375c270..f357ed9127 100644 --- a/lam/03/58.md +++ b/lam/03/58.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author speaks of God keeping him from being killed by his enemies as if God # you redeemed my life Jeremiah speaks of Yahweh saving him from death as if Yahweh had paid Jeremiah's captor so Jeremiah could go free. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/59.md b/lam/03/59.md index fe9b7d5c2b..64a78103e6 100644 --- a/lam/03/59.md +++ b/lam/03/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # judge my case Here God is no longer pictured as a lawyer, but as the judge. It can be stated clearly that he wanted God to judge in his favor. Alternate translation: "make a decision about me, and show my enemies that I am right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/60.md b/lam/03/60.md index 3f8f971d03..e849f72bbb 100644 --- a/lam/03/60.md +++ b/lam/03/60.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jeremiah is referring to people insulting him. Alternate translation: "You have # all their plots against me This is another thing that God has seen. Plots against someone are plans to harm him. Alternate translation: "and how they have made many plans to harm me" - diff --git a/lam/03/61.md b/lam/03/61.md index 602c80655f..d34678634b 100644 --- a/lam/03/61.md +++ b/lam/03/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have heard their insults ... all their plots against me The plural abstract noun "insults" can be expressed with the verbs "taunt," or "mock." It can be stated clearly that the plans were to harm him. Alternate translation: "You heard how they have taunted me ... and all they plan to do to me" or "You have heard them mock me ... and plan ways to harm me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/62.md b/lam/03/62.md index c48883e5b2..6a82015bb1 100644 --- a/lam/03/62.md +++ b/lam/03/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The lips and the meditations of my enemies come against me all the day Here the phrase "The lips" refers to what his enemies say, and "the meditations" refers to what his enemies are planning to do to harm him. The author speaks as if their words and thoughts were soldiers that come to attack him all day. Alternate translation: "My enemies speak against me and think about how to harm me the whole day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/63.md b/lam/03/63.md index 4939447dd2..932fc0efa4 100644 --- a/lam/03/63.md +++ b/lam/03/63.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # how they sit and then rise up These two actions together represent everything the people do. Alternate translation: "everything they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/64.md b/lam/03/64.md index a1a5b0d8c3..0464a8cc1a 100644 --- a/lam/03/64.md +++ b/lam/03/64.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pay back to them what they deserve, Yahweh, according to the deeds of their hands Here "Pay back to them" represents punishing them. What they have done can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Punish them as they deserve, Yahweh, according to what they have done" or "Yahweh, they have made me suffer, so please make them suffer just as much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/65.md b/lam/03/65.md index 54a29b3c3e..3dd237d93f 100644 --- a/lam/03/65.md +++ b/lam/03/65.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "heart" is a metonym that represents their attitudes and emotions, and # May your condemnation be upon them The abstract noun "condemnation" can be expressed with the verbs "condemn" or "curse." Alternate translation: "Condemn them" or "Curse them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/66.md b/lam/03/66.md index 87b9711aae..3ae946260b 100644 --- a/lam/03/66.md +++ b/lam/03/66.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from under the heavens Here "from under the heavens" represents everywhere on earth. Alternate translation: "wherever they are on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/03/intro.md b/lam/03/intro.md index 4d0fc0dd84..42f9a2d13d 100644 --- a/lam/03/intro.md +++ b/lam/03/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Lamentations 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Troubles +### Troubles Here the author speaks of the suffering experienced by the people of Jerusalem during the Babylonian siege and after the city's fall. He speaks of these sufferings as if they had been directed against him personally, as if God had personally attacked him. However, we should understand the writer's feelings as having been shared by everyone in the city. @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In verse 52, the writer begins to think about his personal enemies in Jerusalem, * __[Lamentations 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lam/04/01.md b/lam/04/01.md index b0eaac437b..7e421b7513 100644 --- a/lam/04/01.md +++ b/lam/04/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This may refer to the temple being destroyed and its stones scattered throughout # at the corner of every street "wherever the streets come together" or "by all the roads" - diff --git a/lam/04/02.md b/lam/04/02.md index cda4da1760..52b54a1d7d 100644 --- a/lam/04/02.md +++ b/lam/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here people of a city are spoken of as if they were the sons of the city. These # they are considered like clay jars, the work of the potter's hands The author speaks of the precious sons of Zion as if they were considered to be inexpensive clay jars. Alternate translation: "people think of them as worthless, like the clay jars that potters make" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/03.md b/lam/04/03.md index 70bc486f02..03b631795b 100644 --- a/lam/04/03.md +++ b/lam/04/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a wom # ostriches large birds that abandon some of their eggs - diff --git a/lam/04/04.md b/lam/04/04.md index a232d17356..fd9b10eb84 100644 --- a/lam/04/04.md +++ b/lam/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The tongue of the nursing baby sticks to the roof of his mouth by thirst "Nursing babies are so thirsty that their tongues stick to the top of their mouths" - diff --git a/lam/04/05.md b/lam/04/05.md index 32cc05efee..aae6121218 100644 --- a/lam/04/05.md +++ b/lam/04/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this phrase is a metonym for luxurious, expensive, and comfortable clothing # now lie on piles of ashes This is because they no longer have homes and soft beds. - diff --git a/lam/04/06.md b/lam/04/06.md index c9dad59afa..6a7c152b07 100644 --- a/lam/04/06.md +++ b/lam/04/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) people wringing their hands is a metaphor for people wh # her Possible meanings are that this is a metaphor for 1) Sodom or 2) Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/07.md b/lam/04/07.md index 20c7269da8..c08ad0e55e 100644 --- a/lam/04/07.md +++ b/lam/04/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a rock-hard red substance that comes from the ocean and was used for making deco # sapphire a costly blue stone used in jewelry - diff --git a/lam/04/08.md b/lam/04/08.md index 07b9d3aa50..f6944bb408 100644 --- a/lam/04/08.md +++ b/lam/04/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This implies that there was not much muscle or fat under the skin. (See: [[rc:// # it has become as dry as wood Their dry skin is compared to dry wood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/09.md b/lam/04/09.md index b2b8d4ba82..7c1a01370a 100644 --- a/lam/04/09.md +++ b/lam/04/09.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Here the "sword" represents an enemy's attack. It can be stated in active form. # those killed by hunger -Here "hunger" represents starvation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those who starved to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) +Here "hunger" represents starvation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those who starved to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # who wasted away @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hunger" represents starvation. This can be stated in active form. Alternat # pierced by the lack of any harvest from the field Here "harvest from the field" is a metonym that represents food to eat. Lack of food is spoken of here as if it were a sword that pierces people. Alternate translation: "who died because there was not enough food to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/10.md b/lam/04/10.md index 75137edbf2..97366441db 100644 --- a/lam/04/10.md +++ b/lam/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the women are represented by their "hands." Because they were so hungry, wo # the daughter of my people was This is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "my people were" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/11.md b/lam/04/11.md index 9a6d5d2235..623822491d 100644 --- a/lam/04/11.md +++ b/lam/04/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents God causing Israel's enemies to start a fire in Jerusalem. Alter # that consumed her foundations Here "her foundations" represents the whole city, even the part of the city that would be ruined last. Alternate translation: "that burned down the city, even its foundations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/12.md b/lam/04/12.md index 3f999c0290..99bd0c7c0c 100644 --- a/lam/04/12.md +++ b/lam/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # adversary or enemy These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that these are people who desired to harm Jerusalem. These may be translated as plurals. Alternate translation: "adversaries or enemies" or "any kind of enemy" or "any of Jerusalem's enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/13.md b/lam/04/13.md index 01571c30a2..e14a7c7058 100644 --- a/lam/04/13.md +++ b/lam/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two lines share similar meanings and emphasize that these spiritual leader # who have shed the blood of the righteous Both the priests and the prophets were guilty of murder. Here "shed the blood" represents murder. Alternate translation: "who have murdered the righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/14.md b/lam/04/14.md index f583405c66..e887cf224c 100644 --- a/lam/04/14.md +++ b/lam/04/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "defiled" represents being unacceptable to God. Because the priests and pro # no one could touch their clothes No one wanted to become unclean by touching the clothes of the priests and prophets [v. 13](./13.md). - diff --git a/lam/04/15.md b/lam/04/15.md index b09f8c8246..536a091529 100644 --- a/lam/04/15.md +++ b/lam/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Away! Away! Do not touch "Go away! Go away! Do not touch us" - diff --git a/lam/04/16.md b/lam/04/16.md index 3f5910ea92..09d41a28d5 100644 --- a/lam/04/16.md +++ b/lam/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "watch over them" represents being concerned about them and helping them. A # They did not honor the priests The word "they" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "The people did not honor the priests" or "The priests are not honored" - diff --git a/lam/04/17.md b/lam/04/17.md index 05600fc272..7459e04924 100644 --- a/lam/04/17.md +++ b/lam/04/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ without succeeding # we watched for a nation that could not rescue us Here "watched" represents hoping. It can be stated clearly that they were hoping that a nation would come and rescue them. Alternate translation: "we hoped for a nation to come and rescue us, but it could not rescue us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/18.md b/lam/04/18.md index a83a1c28dc..c49ef89647 100644 --- a/lam/04/18.md +++ b/lam/04/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Being numbered represents being so few that they could be easily counted. Altern # our end had come The phrase "had come" means that what they had expected was now happening. Alternate translation: "it was now the end for us" or "our enemies were attacking us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/19.md b/lam/04/19.md index 776cfc5ec3..3d65ee62ac 100644 --- a/lam/04/19.md +++ b/lam/04/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author compares the speed of their pursuers to the speed of eagles flying. E # lay in wait for us "waited to attack us" - diff --git a/lam/04/20.md b/lam/04/20.md index 03921df1e2..10d42c5dd2 100644 --- a/lam/04/20.md +++ b/lam/04/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase with the quote following it gives us more information about the king # Under his shadow we will live among the nations Here "his shadow" represents him protecting them. Alternate translation: "Under his protection we will live among the nations" or "Though we may have to live in other nations, he will protect us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/21.md b/lam/04/21.md index afd1ffce61..ffa22fa48d 100644 --- a/lam/04/21.md +++ b/lam/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people of the land of Edom are spoken of as if they were a woman. They were # But to you also the cup will be passed The cup is a metonym for the wine in it. The wine is a metaphor for punishment. Alternate translation: "But Yahweh will also punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/22.md b/lam/04/22.md index f920549ec6..23168bcb47 100644 --- a/lam/04/22.md +++ b/lam/04/22.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Daughter of Zion -The people of Jerusalem are spoken of as if they were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])\ +The people of Jerusalem are spoken of as if they were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) # your punishment will come to an end @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people of Jerusalem are spoken of as if they were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/t # he will uncover your sins Here the sins not being known by others are spoken of as if they are under a cover. Removing the cover represents letting other people know about them. Alternate translation: "he will expose your sins" or "he will cause other people to know how you have sinned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/04/intro.md b/lam/04/intro.md index 7417812627..e749257c9f 100644 --- a/lam/04/intro.md +++ b/lam/04/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Lamentations 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The story of Judah being destroyed continues in this chapter. Famine destroyed the rulers and the priests. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The story of Judah being destroyed continues in this chapter. Famine destroyed t * __[Lamentations 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lam/05/01.md b/lam/05/01.md index d3ed384056..75cb33916e 100644 --- a/lam/05/01.md +++ b/lam/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A new poem begins. See [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/ma # look and see our disgrace "look at the shameful state we are in" - diff --git a/lam/05/02.md b/lam/05/02.md index 82e584088e..7252eebfd6 100644 --- a/lam/05/02.md +++ b/lam/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Our inheritance has been turned over to strangers; our houses to foreigners The idea of things being turned over to others can be expressed with an active form. Since it is also understood in the second part of the sentence, those words can be repeated there. Alternate translation: "You have turned our inheritance over to strangers; you have turned our houses over to strangers" or "You have allowed strangers to take possession of our inheritance; you have allowed foreigners to take possession of our houses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/03.md b/lam/05/03.md index 786dec933b..f9a381436c 100644 --- a/lam/05/03.md +++ b/lam/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Jerusalem have no one to protect them because the men have either # orphans, without a father These two phrases have the same meaning and emphasize that the people no longer have their fathers. Alternate translation: "orphans who have no fathers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/04.md b/lam/05/04.md index 106807d662..922a995669 100644 --- a/lam/05/04.md +++ b/lam/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that their enemies are making them pay money to have the water and wo # we must pay silver to get our own wood This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "our enemies sell us our own wood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/05.md b/lam/05/05.md index 9692f72fd1..dcc87a0853 100644 --- a/lam/05/05.md +++ b/lam/05/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we can find no rest This speaks of being able to rest as if "rest" were an object that could be found. Alternate translation: "we are unable to rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/06.md b/lam/05/06.md index e0ae0e8897..e3ebeeba4c 100644 --- a/lam/05/06.md +++ b/lam/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We have given ourselves to Egypt and to Assyria to get enough food This phrase "given ourselves" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "We have made a treaty with Egypt and with Assyria so that we would have food to eat" or "We have surrendered to Egypt and to Assyria to have enough food to remain alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/07.md b/lam/05/07.md index 65fe1255bc..7823459517 100644 --- a/lam/05/07.md +++ b/lam/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to them being dead. Alternate translation: "they have died" (See: [[ # we bear their iniquities Here "iniquities" represents the punishment received because of their ancestors' sins. Alternate translation: "we bear the punishment for their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/08.md b/lam/05/08.md index 0999132501..4c99698d06 100644 --- a/lam/05/08.md +++ b/lam/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Now the people who rule over us are themselves slaves # to deliver us from their hand Here the word "hand" refers to control. Alternate translation: "to rescue us from their control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/09.md b/lam/05/09.md index 09b514906d..772efe6cdd 100644 --- a/lam/05/09.md +++ b/lam/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "food" (See: [[rc # because of the sword in the wilderness Here robbers with swords are represented by their "swords." Alternate translation: "because there are robbers in the wilderness who kill others with swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/10.md b/lam/05/10.md index 18583bbfca..ff03e908c2 100644 --- a/lam/05/10.md +++ b/lam/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Our skin has grown as hot as an oven because of the burning heat of hunger This speaks of the peoples' bodies being hot and feverish as if their skin was as hot as an oven. The people have fever because of their hunger. Alternate translation: "Our skin has become hot like an oven, and we have a very high fever because we are extremely hungry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/11.md b/lam/05/11.md index 8aac843598..e335cc5e31 100644 --- a/lam/05/11.md +++ b/lam/05/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have similar meaning and emphasize that the women are being vi # Women are raped ... and virgins This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Our enemies have raped the women ... and the virgins" or "Our enemies have violated the women ... and the virgins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/12.md b/lam/05/12.md index 278fe01ac5..330daed874 100644 --- a/lam/05/12.md +++ b/lam/05/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the word "their" refers to their enemies. Alternate tra # no honor is shown to the elders This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they have shown no honor to the elders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/13.md b/lam/05/13.md index abdc3b6c00..08603514a0 100644 --- a/lam/05/13.md +++ b/lam/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They force young men" # boys stagger under heavy loads of wood The boys are forced to carry the loads of wood. Alternate translation: "boys stagger because they are forced to carry heavy loads of wood" or "they force the boys to carry heavy loads of wood which make them stagger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/14.md b/lam/05/14.md index 7cc90f7aed..156012c0ad 100644 --- a/lam/05/14.md +++ b/lam/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is where the elders would give legal advice, but also where people would me # the young men have left their music Playing music was part of the social life at the city gate. This speaks of the men no longer playing their music as if the act of playing music were a place that they left. Alternate translation: "the young men have stopped playing their music" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/15.md b/lam/05/15.md index 4fd0479ece..a4de228d99 100644 --- a/lam/05/15.md +++ b/lam/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The joy of our heart Here the word "heart" refers to the whole person and emphasizes their emotions. Alternate translation: "Our joy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/16.md b/lam/05/16.md index 8905d4a870..ca0f115769 100644 --- a/lam/05/16.md +++ b/lam/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The crown has fallen from our head Possible meanings are 1) "We no longer wear flowers on our heads for celebrations" or 2) The "crown" represents their king and their "head" represents a place of authority over the people. Alternate translation: "We no longer have a king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/17.md b/lam/05/17.md index 24517cf86b..a6819e3f03 100644 --- a/lam/05/17.md +++ b/lam/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "heart" represents a person's emotions. This speaks of a person being discou # for these things our eyes grow dim This means that they have a hard time seeing because they are crying. Alternate translation: "and we can hardly see because our eyes are full of tears" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/18.md b/lam/05/18.md index d64140607a..156a170366 100644 --- a/lam/05/18.md +++ b/lam/05/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Mount Zion" refers to Jerusalem. The phrase "lies desolate" means that no # jackals These are fierce wild dogs. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/lam/05/19.md b/lam/05/19.md index 31ca9e5163..64d40145ef 100644 --- a/lam/05/19.md +++ b/lam/05/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate translation: "ru # from generation to generation This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "always" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/20.md b/lam/05/20.md index 94e462f4c9..9d62ff6dd1 100644 --- a/lam/05/20.md +++ b/lam/05/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author uses these rhetorical questions to express his feelings that Yahweh h # for the length of your days Here this idiom refers to the duration of God's life. Since God lives forever, it can also be translated as "forever." Perhaps the writer was uing hyperbole and exaggerating the length of time he believed that God was forsaking them. Alternate translation: "for as long as you live" or "forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/lam/05/21.md b/lam/05/21.md index b6e72ba0ad..3d9923ff5d 100644 --- a/lam/05/21.md +++ b/lam/05/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Restore us to yourself "Bring us back to yourself" - diff --git a/lam/05/22.md b/lam/05/22.md index 1f6a3777c4..b36f2b3d8b 100644 --- a/lam/05/22.md +++ b/lam/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) the writer is afraid that Yahweh is too angry to r # are angry with us beyond measure This speaks of Yahweh being very angry as if his anger cannot be measured. Alternate translation: "are extremely angry with us" - diff --git a/lam/05/intro.md b/lam/05/intro.md index 07a182e58f..a3e9807716 100644 --- a/lam/05/intro.md +++ b/lam/05/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Lamentations 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Judah was destroyed for her sin. As slaves, life was very hard. The author wondered if God would be angry forever. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Judah was destroyed for her sin. As slaves, life was very hard. The author wonde * __[Lamentations 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/lam/front/intro.md b/lam/front/intro.md index 9eca085fb1..c638e4af91 100644 --- a/lam/front/intro.md +++ b/lam/front/intro.md @@ -4,17 +4,21 @@ ### Outline of the Book of Lamentations -1. First lament: Yahweh and his people have abandoned Jerusalem (1:1–22) +1. First lament: Yahweh and his people have abandoned Jerusalem (1:1–22) 1. Second lament: Yahweh was angry with Jerusalem and caused it to be destroyed (2:1–22) 1. Third lament (3:1-66) - - The people grieve (3:1–20) - - Yahweh comforts those who turn back to him (3:21–39) - - Judah is learning to return to Yahweh (3:40–54) - - Judah cries out to be avenged of its enemies (3:55–66) + + - The people grieve (3:1–20) + - Yahweh comforts those who turn back to him (3:21–39) + - Judah is learning to return to Yahweh (3:40–54) + - Judah cries out to be avenged of its enemies (3:55–66) + 1. Fourth lament: The terrors of the siege of Jerusalem (4:1-4:22) - - The people's sin caused Jerusalem to be punished (4:1–20) - - Their being punished satisfied Yahweh's wrath for their sin (4:21–22a) - - Edom will be punished also (4:22b) + + - The people's sin caused Jerusalem to be punished (4:1–20) + - Their being punished satisfied Yahweh's wrath for their sin (4:21–22a) + - Edom will be punished also (4:22b) + 1. Fifth lament: The broken nation cries out to Yahweh (5:1–22) ### What is the Book of Lamentations about? @@ -25,7 +29,7 @@ The Book of Lamentations is organized into five poems. The writer describes how ### Who wrote the Book of Lamentations? -The text of Lamentations does not give the name of the author. The traditional view is that Jeremiah wrote it. The writer seems to have personally seen Jerusalem destroyed. The serious and grieving words in the Book of Jeremiah are similar to those in the Book of Lamentations. +The text of Lamentations does not give the name of the author. The traditional view is that Jeremiah wrote it. The writer seems to have personally seen Jerusalem destroyed. The serious and grieving words in the Book of Jeremiah are similar to those in the Book of Lamentations. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -36,21 +40,20 @@ Translators may use the traditional title of "Lamentations." Or they may call th ### Did God abandon Israel? The author of Lamentations often speaks of God abandoning Israel. But this did not mean that God had completely given up on Israel. -He rejected Israel for a period of time as the special place where he would be present. However, God remained faithful to what he promised Israel in his covenant. +He rejected Israel for a period of time as the special place where he would be present. However, God remained faithful to what he promised Israel in his covenant. While it was common in the ancient Near East to think that a god might leave its city, it usually did so because it was too weak to defend the city. In Lamentations, Yahweh abandons Jerusalem because the people sinned against him, not because he was too weak to defend the city. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) ### What is a funeral song? -People groups commonly sing songs after someone dies or during a funeral. Depending on the culture, these songs can sound either happy or sad. The Book of Lamentations is like a sad song, called a "lament," sung at a funeral. Some scholars think the rhythm of the laments in Hebrew makes them sound slow like a funeral procession. +People groups commonly sing songs after someone dies or during a funeral. Depending on the culture, these songs can sound either happy or sad. The Book of Lamentations is like a sad song, called a "lament," sung at a funeral. Some scholars think the rhythm of the laments in Hebrew makes them sound slow like a funeral procession. ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues ### What style of writing is Lamentations? -Lamentations is a collection of five poems. The Jewish exiles living in captivity in Babylon may have sung or chanted these laments. The Jews who remained in Jerusalem after the Babylonians conquered it may also have sung them. In Chapters 1, 2, and 4, each line of the poem begins with a different Hebrew letter, in the order of the Hebrew alphabet. The third chapter repeats three lines starting with the same letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The next three lines begin with next letter in the Hebrew alphabet. +Lamentations is a collection of five poems. The Jewish exiles living in captivity in Babylon may have sung or chanted these laments. The Jews who remained in Jerusalem after the Babylonians conquered it may also have sung them. In Chapters 1, 2, and 4, each line of the poem begins with a different Hebrew letter, in the order of the Hebrew alphabet. The third chapter repeats three lines starting with the same letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The next three lines begin with next letter in the Hebrew alphabet. ### Who are the woman and the man in Lamentations? The author uses the image of an abandoned woman and a persecuted man to represent Judah and Jerusalem. He uses this type of personification to help readers understand the pain and sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/01.md b/lev/01/01.md index d2e8bd2876..849d24ee6e 100644 --- a/lev/01/01.md +++ b/lev/01/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. - diff --git a/lev/01/02.md b/lev/01/02.md index fd2e860aa9..4ab758dd50 100644 --- a/lev/01/02.md +++ b/lev/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 'When any man Here Yahweh begins speaking to Moses. The words that begin "from the tent of meeting, saying," can be translated without the quotation within the quotation. "from the tent of meeting and told Moses to say this to the people of Israel: 'When any man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/03.md b/lev/01/03.md index c5949053d3..ed270aa2c7 100644 --- a/lev/01/03.md +++ b/lev/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "his" and "he" refer to the person bringing an offering to Yahweh. It can b # so that it may be accepted before Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that Yahweh will accept it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/04.md b/lev/01/04.md index 22e4b1151c..bbe53ca8e8 100644 --- a/lev/01/04.md +++ b/lev/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offer # then it will be accepted on his behalf to make atonement for himself This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "then Yahweh will accept it in his place and forgive his sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/05.md b/lev/01/05.md index 3ea7e473ea..08f66096b0 100644 --- a/lev/01/05.md +++ b/lev/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "he" refers to the one making the offering. It can be stated in second pers # will present the blood It is implied that the priests would catch the blood in a bowl as it drained out of the animal. Then they would bring the bowl with the blood in it and present it to Yahweh at the altar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/06.md b/lev/01/06.md index 7eabba9a31..c85377c0d6 100644 --- a/lev/01/06.md +++ b/lev/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ As indicated in 1:9, the person must also wash the inner parts and the legs of t # Then he must skin Here "he" refers to the one making the offering. - diff --git a/lev/01/07.md b/lev/01/07.md index 96b8c325e1..3bd447c457 100644 --- a/lev/01/07.md +++ b/lev/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do so their offerings will b # will put fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire This may mean that the priests placed hot coals on the altar, then placed the wood on the coals. Alternate translation: "will put wood on the altar and light a fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-events]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/08.md b/lev/01/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/01/08.md +++ b/lev/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/01/09.md b/lev/01/09.md index 7ff4a7a79f..87da54308c 100644 --- a/lev/01/09.md +++ b/lev/01/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper offering the sacrifice is spoken # an offering made to me by fire Yahweh is telling Moses that the offerings are to be burnt with fire. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a burnt offering to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/10.md b/lev/01/10.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/lev/01/10.md +++ b/lev/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/lev/01/11.md b/lev/01/11.md index 2c929d7495..14bd4719ea 100644 --- a/lev/01/11.md +++ b/lev/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before Yahweh "in the presence of Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/01/12.md b/lev/01/12.md index b8f685ea89..04345df4e7 100644 --- a/lev/01/12.md +++ b/lev/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "he" refers to the person offering the sacrifice. It can be stated in secon # pieces ... head ... fat ... on the wood that is on the fire that is on the altar See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 1:7-9](./07.md). - diff --git a/lev/01/13.md b/lev/01/13.md index 7c90ed6cb5..91cf340d6f 100644 --- a/lev/01/13.md +++ b/lev/01/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spo # it will be an offering made to him by fire Yahweh tells Moses that the priests must burn their offerings with fire. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will be a burnt offering to me" or "it will be a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/14.md b/lev/01/14.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/lev/01/14.md +++ b/lev/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/lev/01/15.md b/lev/01/15.md index 6204bc0563..46e1e1391e 100644 --- a/lev/01/15.md +++ b/lev/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Then its blood must be drained out This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then the priest must drain its blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/16.md b/lev/01/16.md index 094437bb11..48b1c414c7 100644 --- a/lev/01/16.md +++ b/lev/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A crop is a pouch in the bird's throat where pre-digested food is stored. # throw it beside the altar Here "it" refers to the crop and its contents. - diff --git a/lev/01/17.md b/lev/01/17.md index 789b43eb21..a4397f800f 100644 --- a/lev/01/17.md +++ b/lev/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spo # it will be an offering made to him by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will be a burnt offering to me" or "it will be a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/01/intro.md b/lev/01/intro.md index 0464f48f6b..1a0b48921e 100644 --- a/lev/01/intro.md +++ b/lev/01/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Leviticus 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In Hebrew, this chapter begins with the word "and" indicating a connection with the previous book (Exodus). The first five books of the Bible should be seen as a single unit. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Atonement -#### Atonement In order to offer a sacrifice for the people, the priest first had to make an atonement for himself, in order to make himself clean. Only then would he be clean and be allowed to perform a sacrifice. These sacrificed animals had to be perfect, the best of all of the animals. A person was not allowed to bring an inferior animal to be sacrificed to Yahweh. These sacrifices also had to be offered in a very specific way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +16,3 @@ In order to offer a sacrifice for the people, the priest first had to make an at * __[Leviticus intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/02/01.md b/lev/02/01.md index 04f07c3c56..6dc838a21f 100644 --- a/lev/02/01.md +++ b/lev/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # flour a powder made from wheat - diff --git a/lev/02/02.md b/lev/02/02.md index 0e8e32ef8b..1c8c655787 100644 --- a/lev/02/02.md +++ b/lev/02/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spo # it will be an offering made to him by fire This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will be a burnt offering to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/03.md b/lev/02/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/02/03.md +++ b/lev/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/02/04.md b/lev/02/04.md index e39f7198c0..39787e77f9 100644 --- a/lev/02/04.md +++ b/lev/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is understood that the soft bread contained no yeast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # which is spread with oil Translate this phrase to indicate that the oil is to be spread onto the bread. Alternate translation: "with oil on the bread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/05.md b/lev/02/05.md index fc932d6dd5..95ba30e1d2 100644 --- a/lev/02/05.md +++ b/lev/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If you bake your grai # a flat iron pan This is a thick plate made of either clay or metal. The plate was placed over a fire, and the dough cooked on top of the plate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/06.md b/lev/02/06.md index d5658c3666..85864ff2c6 100644 --- a/lev/02/06.md +++ b/lev/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do so their offerings will b # to divide it Here "it" refers to the grain offering cooked on a flat iron pan. - diff --git a/lev/02/07.md b/lev/02/07.md index 8086c545ed..783f5d4ad4 100644 --- a/lev/02/07.md +++ b/lev/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A pan is a metal plate with rounded edges. The dough was placed in the pan and c # it must be made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must make it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/08.md b/lev/02/08.md index ba07c0b448..62b95b93bf 100644 --- a/lev/02/08.md +++ b/lev/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you made from th # it will be presented This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will present it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/09.md b/lev/02/09.md index a7df3a325e..7444eadefd 100644 --- a/lev/02/09.md +++ b/lev/02/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It will be a burnt of # it will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the burning sacrifice. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/10.md b/lev/02/10.md index b62b422a9c..c5ae936521 100644 --- a/lev/02/10.md +++ b/lev/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Leviticus 2:3](./03.md). # from the offerings to Yahweh made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "from the burnt offerings to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/11.md b/lev/02/11.md index 00f4261538..9a6bc7c963 100644 --- a/lev/02/11.md +++ b/lev/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not use yeast in a # as an offering made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as a burnt offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/12.md b/lev/02/12.md index 4a45983140..ef01baeef7 100644 --- a/lev/02/12.md +++ b/lev/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they will not be used to produce a sweet aroma on the altar This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will not use them to produce a sweet aroma on the altar" or "you will not burn them on the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/13.md b/lev/02/13.md index 8498debfd1..6e0ee0810a 100644 --- a/lev/02/13.md +++ b/lev/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the salt of the covenant of your God It is implied that the salt is a symbol that represents the covenant with God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/14.md b/lev/02/14.md index 98152b1436..e22a66c496 100644 --- a/lev/02/14.md +++ b/lev/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do so their offerings will b # that is roasted with fire and then crushed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you have cooked over a fire and then crushed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/15.md b/lev/02/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/02/15.md +++ b/lev/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/02/16.md b/lev/02/16.md index 2330dbdad6..5c20fc060f 100644 --- a/lev/02/16.md +++ b/lev/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This mean # This is an offering made by fire to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This is a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/02/intro.md b/lev/02/intro.md index 887ff91f24..9f23a5e320 100644 --- a/lev/02/intro.md +++ b/lev/02/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Leviticus 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter gives instructions about how to make a grain offering. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yeast -Yeast is connected to the events of the Passover. Any prohibition of yeast may be connected to the original Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) +### Yeast + +Yeast is connected to the events of the Passover. Any prohibition of yeast may be connected to the original Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) ## Links: * __[Leviticus 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/03/01.md b/lev/03/01.md index 4e4601f7bc..827319a462 100644 --- a/lev/03/01.md +++ b/lev/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues telling the people what Yahweh wants them to do. # before Yahweh "in the presence of Yahweh" or "to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/03/02.md b/lev/03/02.md index e935df83e4..cf608144cb 100644 --- a/lev/03/02.md +++ b/lev/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offer # Aaron's sons the priests will sprinkle its blood It is implied that before they sprinkle the blood, they catch blood in a bowl as the it drains from the animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/03/03.md b/lev/03/03.md index fb31e21caf..f48ed4c937 100644 --- a/lev/03/03.md +++ b/lev/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # inner parts This is the stomach and intestines. - diff --git a/lev/03/04.md b/lev/03/04.md index 48bac26928..a400dcb139 100644 --- a/lev/03/04.md +++ b/lev/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the part of the body on the sides of the backbone between the ribs and h # the lobe of the liver This is the curved or rounded part of the liver. This is considered the best part of the liver to eat. Alternate translation: "the best part of the liver" - diff --git a/lev/03/05.md b/lev/03/05.md index c08228560d..596dce2468 100644 --- a/lev/03/05.md +++ b/lev/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spo # it will be an offering made to him by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will be a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/03/06.md b/lev/03/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/03/06.md +++ b/lev/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/03/07.md b/lev/03/07.md index 2946495d87..78abef1cef 100644 --- a/lev/03/07.md +++ b/lev/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # offer it before Yahweh "offer it in the presence of Yahweh" or "offer it to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/03/08.md b/lev/03/08.md index 2b054b0e84..3e4b413b8b 100644 --- a/lev/03/08.md +++ b/lev/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offer # Aaron's sons will sprinkle its blood It is implied that before they sprinkle the blood, they catch the blood in a bowl as it drains from the animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/03/09.md b/lev/03/09.md index 734d8f350d..446c412ca5 100644 --- a/lev/03/09.md +++ b/lev/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as a burnt offering" # inner parts This is the stomach and intestines. - diff --git a/lev/03/10.md b/lev/03/10.md index 6b3dda63f5..a30ee609fe 100644 --- a/lev/03/10.md +++ b/lev/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the part of the body on the sides of the backbone between the ribs and h # the lobe of the liver This is the curved or rounded part of the liver. This is considered the best part of the liver to eat. Alternate translation: "the best part of the liver" - diff --git a/lev/03/11.md b/lev/03/11.md index fb0263377b..a249f0aff9 100644 --- a/lev/03/11.md +++ b/lev/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will burn it all on the altar as a burnt offering of food to Yahweh Translate this in a way that makes it clear that Yahweh does not actually eat the food. Alternate translation: "will burn those things on the altar as an offering to Yahweh. Those things will come from your food supplies" - diff --git a/lev/03/12.md b/lev/03/12.md index 7e650bc866..828243f34f 100644 --- a/lev/03/12.md +++ b/lev/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before Yahweh "in the presence of Yahweh" or "to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/03/13.md b/lev/03/13.md index d5b2783b7b..cece5448f1 100644 --- a/lev/03/13.md +++ b/lev/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offer # the sons of Aaron will sprinkle its blood It is implied that before they sprinkle the blood, they catch the blood in a bowl as it drains from the animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/03/14.md b/lev/03/14.md index 5225e8bb4e..b087051cda 100644 --- a/lev/03/14.md +++ b/lev/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will offer his sacrifice made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will offer his sacrifice by fire" or "will burn his sacrifice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/03/15.md b/lev/03/15.md index 4feb5c8c48..4f64ef0cb8 100644 --- a/lev/03/15.md +++ b/lev/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will also Here "He" refers to the person offering the sacrifice. - diff --git a/lev/03/16.md b/lev/03/16.md index 5dc7ee7c34..e3c3a55f2a 100644 --- a/lev/03/16.md +++ b/lev/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate this in a way that it does not seem like Yahweh actually eats the food # to produce a sweet aroma Yahweh is pleased with the aroma of burning meat when he is pleased with the worshiper's sincerity. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/03/17.md b/lev/03/17.md index 9ae0ce2ec6..1ffbf5da02 100644 --- a/lev/03/17.md +++ b/lev/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever. # or blood "or consume blood" - diff --git a/lev/03/intro.md b/lev/03/intro.md index 922d1d0a71..537ef1bcce 100644 --- a/lev/03/intro.md +++ b/lev/03/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Leviticus 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter gives instructions about how to offer a fellowship offering. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Fat -#### Fat The fat of the animal was considered the best part of the animal to eat. Therefore, this belonged to Yahweh. This is why the Israelites were not allowed to consume it. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The fat of the animal was considered the best part of the animal to eat. Therefo * __[Leviticus 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/04/01.md b/lev/04/01.md index c6632da92b..0fd5104c7a 100644 --- a/lev/04/01.md +++ b/lev/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying "Yahweh said to Moses" - diff --git a/lev/04/02.md b/lev/04/02.md index 78b16d5687..0b6d305fbb 100644 --- a/lev/04/02.md +++ b/lev/04/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "if he does someth # the following must be done This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "he must do the following" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/03.md b/lev/04/03.md index 6150227500..c9a50fdb1b 100644 --- a/lev/04/03.md +++ b/lev/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to the son of the high priest who will succeed the high pries # so as to bring guilt on the people The abstract noun "guilt" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "so as to cause the people to be guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/04.md b/lev/04/04.md index 40504097e3..c234e4d211 100644 --- a/lev/04/04.md +++ b/lev/04/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. # lay his hand on its head This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offering. In this way the person is offering himself to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/05.md b/lev/04/05.md index 6a4952643c..50c1cc3f1b 100644 --- a/lev/04/05.md +++ b/lev/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the priest catches the blood in a bowl as it drains from the # The anointed priest This phrase refers to the son of the high priest who will succeed the high priest when the high priest dies. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/lev/04/06.md b/lev/04/06.md index eed8fce79a..09b3a9d93d 100644 --- a/lev/04/06.md +++ b/lev/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sprinkle some of it "drip some of it" or "splatter some of it" - diff --git a/lev/04/07.md b/lev/04/07.md index 4e607305a3..016af365ef 100644 --- a/lev/04/07.md +++ b/lev/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox # at the base of the altar "at the bottom of the altar" - diff --git a/lev/04/08.md b/lev/04/08.md index ba2047dfd7..e47f1be87f 100644 --- a/lev/04/08.md +++ b/lev/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # inner parts This is the stomach and intestines. - diff --git a/lev/04/09.md b/lev/04/09.md index cb888c6da6..9f463ad6ee 100644 --- a/lev/04/09.md +++ b/lev/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the part of the body on the sides of the backbone between the ribs and h # the lobe of the liver This is the curved or rounded part of the liver. This is considered the best part of the liver to eat. Alternate translation: "the best part of the liver" - diff --git a/lev/04/10.md b/lev/04/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/04/10.md +++ b/lev/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/04/11.md b/lev/04/11.md index 6239d5abf6..1066416bc5 100644 --- a/lev/04/11.md +++ b/lev/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The skin of the bull ... and its dung You may want to begin this sentence with words that tell your reader that the sentence is very long. "As for the skin of the bull ... and its dung" - diff --git a/lev/04/12.md b/lev/04/12.md index 0a7e8a2dac..c3d1f38058 100644 --- a/lev/04/12.md +++ b/lev/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A place being ritually pure and suitable to use for serving God is spoken of as # they have cleansed for me Here "they" refers to the priests, and "me" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/lev/04/13.md b/lev/04/13.md index 6214e5a9a9..a0c8f12113 100644 --- a/lev/04/13.md +++ b/lev/04/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "commanded them not to # if they are guilty "they are guilty" or "they deserve for God to punish them" - diff --git a/lev/04/14.md b/lev/04/14.md index d3c271fca2..0ec9a6b47d 100644 --- a/lev/04/14.md +++ b/lev/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when the sin they have committed becomes known This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when they realize that they have sinned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/15.md b/lev/04/15.md index 5791ce7262..a9cc089194 100644 --- a/lev/04/15.md +++ b/lev/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a symbolic action that identifies the people with the animal they are of # the bull will be killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and they will kill the bull" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/16.md b/lev/04/16.md index d9ca7ad13c..8d03519a14 100644 --- a/lev/04/16.md +++ b/lev/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that the priest caught the blood in a bowl as the blood drained fr # The anointed priest This phrase refers to the son of the high priest who will succeed the high priest when the high priest dies. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/lev/04/17.md b/lev/04/17.md index ce95a84272..b6e80e71f2 100644 --- a/lev/04/17.md +++ b/lev/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before the curtain It is implied that this is the curtain before the most holy place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/18.md b/lev/04/18.md index ac6ba3f8b5..d10f5395e1 100644 --- a/lev/04/18.md +++ b/lev/04/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox # he will pour out all the blood "he will pour out the rest of the blood" - diff --git a/lev/04/19.md b/lev/04/19.md index f9c1ffec78..b377571bcc 100644 --- a/lev/04/19.md +++ b/lev/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the fat from it and burn it "all the fat from the bull and burn the fat" - diff --git a/lev/04/20.md b/lev/04/20.md index d9c98fa864..f84a66e659 100644 --- a/lev/04/20.md +++ b/lev/04/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "t # they will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/21.md b/lev/04/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/04/21.md +++ b/lev/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/04/22.md b/lev/04/22.md index 18b1626b30..8ba9fd8ad6 100644 --- a/lev/04/22.md +++ b/lev/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God has commanded not to be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has commanded the people not to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/23.md b/lev/04/23.md index e96ac9c539..68c546378a 100644 --- a/lev/04/23.md +++ b/lev/04/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then his sin which he has committed is made known to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "then he realizes that he has sinned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/24.md b/lev/04/24.md index af42c1dea2..05c80823d6 100644 --- a/lev/04/24.md +++ b/lev/04/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offer # before Yahweh "in the presence of Yahweh" or "to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/04/25.md b/lev/04/25.md index f30c4622b5..e080a621a2 100644 --- a/lev/04/25.md +++ b/lev/04/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the priest will catch the blood in a bowl as the blood drains # horns of the altar This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 4:7](../04/07.md). - diff --git a/lev/04/26.md b/lev/04/26.md index cf79fb0138..d85334bc1f 100644 --- a/lev/04/26.md +++ b/lev/04/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "T # the ruler will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive the ruler's sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/27.md b/lev/04/27.md index c23834a02b..8522fcf47c 100644 --- a/lev/04/27.md +++ b/lev/04/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh has commanded him not to be done All of the people of Israel were commanded not to sin. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh commanded the people not to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/28.md b/lev/04/28.md index a2283bdc8e..84519f33c8 100644 --- a/lev/04/28.md +++ b/lev/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his sin which he has committed is made known to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he becomes aware of the sin he committed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/29.md b/lev/04/29.md index 6661812bf4..aaa6264694 100644 --- a/lev/04/29.md +++ b/lev/04/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lay his hand on the head This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offering. In this way the person is offering himself to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/30.md b/lev/04/30.md index a8a053e467..3b46bfb795 100644 --- a/lev/04/30.md +++ b/lev/04/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the corners of the altar, which are shaped like the horns of an o # all the rest of the blood "all the blood remaining in the bowl" - diff --git a/lev/04/31.md b/lev/04/31.md index 4401e995c6..67bfca0e0b 100644 --- a/lev/04/31.md +++ b/lev/04/31.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "T # he will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive the man's sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/32.md b/lev/04/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/04/32.md +++ b/lev/04/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/04/33.md b/lev/04/33.md index 8fa95df0c2..31a5e67e7e 100644 --- a/lev/04/33.md +++ b/lev/04/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offer # where they kill "where the priests kill" - diff --git a/lev/04/34.md b/lev/04/34.md index e67ae6f1ae..b92f8d5bfa 100644 --- a/lev/04/34.md +++ b/lev/04/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox # he will pour out all its blood "he will pour out the rest of its blood" - diff --git a/lev/04/35.md b/lev/04/35.md index c9622e11c3..623d01accb 100644 --- a/lev/04/35.md +++ b/lev/04/35.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "w # the man will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive the man's sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/04/intro.md b/lev/04/intro.md index a98df7892a..3285e14ba4 100644 --- a/lev/04/intro.md +++ b/lev/04/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Leviticus 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter gives instructions on how to offer a sacrifice for unintentional sins. This is known as a sin offering. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Unintentional sins -Many scholars have taken special note that all of the sacrifices concern sins that are unintentional and that no provision is offered for sins intentionally committed. Many have suggested that it is only the sacrifice of Jesus's life that can be offered for these sins. Many also believe that this offering parallels the sacrifice of Jesus. +### Unintentional sins + +Many scholars have taken special note that all of the sacrifices concern sins that are unintentional and that no provision is offered for sins intentionally committed. Many have suggested that it is only the sacrifice of Jesus's life that can be offered for these sins. Many also believe that this offering parallels the sacrifice of Jesus. ## Links: * __[Leviticus 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/05/01.md b/lev/05/01.md index 4a4f25705f..316d29851a 100644 --- a/lev/05/01.md +++ b/lev/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # the curse Jewish law and leaders both required the people to testify if they were witnesses to a crime, so this phrase refers to the curse uttered against those who refuse to testify. Alternate translation: "people ask God to punish anyone who refuses to tell what he knows " (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/02.md b/lev/05/02.md index 4d0e570c50..501979f0c8 100644 --- a/lev/05/02.md +++ b/lev/05/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch or eat is spoken # he has become unclean A person who is unacceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/03.md b/lev/05/03.md index 822005e3cf..23d11f6cbf 100644 --- a/lev/05/03.md +++ b/lev/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Something that Yahweh has declared unfit for a person to touch or eat is spoken # he is unaware of it "he does not realize it" or "he does not know about it" - diff --git a/lev/05/04.md b/lev/05/04.md index 0fd15380ef..b81d1d5595 100644 --- a/lev/05/04.md +++ b/lev/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "lips" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "if anyone swear # if anyone swears rashly This means to swear an oath without thinking seriously about it. It implies that after the person swears the oath that he either cannot fulfill it or he does not really want to fulfill it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/05.md b/lev/05/05.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/lev/05/05.md +++ b/lev/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/lev/05/06.md b/lev/05/06.md index 365875141d..5c71049e4c 100644 --- a/lev/05/06.md +++ b/lev/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priest will make atonement for him The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "the priest will atone for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/07.md b/lev/05/07.md index e2351404a2..32a8eef3b9 100644 --- a/lev/05/07.md +++ b/lev/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If he cannot afford to buy a lamb "If he does not have enough money to buy a lamb" - diff --git a/lev/05/08.md b/lev/05/08.md index 37df4a1549..df191529fb 100644 --- a/lev/05/08.md +++ b/lev/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will wring off its head from its neck but will not remove it "he will kill it by twisting its head and breaking its neck, but he will not remove the head" - diff --git a/lev/05/09.md b/lev/05/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/05/09.md +++ b/lev/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/05/10.md b/lev/05/10.md index 1963c9c618..b22e79426c 100644 --- a/lev/05/10.md +++ b/lev/05/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "t # the person will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive the person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/11.md b/lev/05/11.md index 6dccdb842b..015ea9e135 100644 --- a/lev/05/11.md +++ b/lev/05/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An ephah is 22 liters. A tenth of an ephah is about two liters. (See: [[rc://en/ # a tenth This is one part out of ten equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/12.md b/lev/05/12.md index db3feeb8d1..0ddda3ce5c 100644 --- a/lev/05/12.md +++ b/lev/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The handful that the priest burns on the altar represents the entire offering. T # on top of the offerings made by fire for Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "on top of the burnt offerings to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/13.md b/lev/05/13.md index 7b529de071..96b5831dfb 100644 --- a/lev/05/13.md +++ b/lev/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "w # that person will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive that person's sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/14.md b/lev/05/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/05/14.md +++ b/lev/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/05/15.md b/lev/05/15.md index 4b85471685..612ef3c038 100644 --- a/lev/05/15.md +++ b/lev/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sins and acts unfaithfully in regard to the things that belong to Yahweh This means the person sinned by not giving to Yahweh what Yahweh commanded him to give. Alternate translation: "sins by failing to give to Yahweh what belongs to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/05/16.md b/lev/05/16.md index faec7dbe1a..a34fc53a5d 100644 --- a/lev/05/16.md +++ b/lev/05/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "t # that person will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/17.md b/lev/05/17.md index 310569532c..1f02bd8a12 100644 --- a/lev/05/17.md +++ b/lev/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "has commanded the peo # must carry his own guilt A person's guilt is spoken of as if it were a physical object that the person carries. Here the word "guilt" represents the punishment for that guilt. Alternate translation: "he is responsible for his own guilt" or "Yahweh will punish him for his sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/18.md b/lev/05/18.md index 4a9a285197..c82c1ee527 100644 --- a/lev/05/18.md +++ b/lev/05/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means the person must determine how many shekels the ram is worth by using # he will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/05/19.md b/lev/05/19.md index 23ce50d699..848c4b6899 100644 --- a/lev/05/19.md +++ b/lev/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he is certainly guilty before Yahweh "Yahweh certainly considers him guilty" - diff --git a/lev/05/intro.md b/lev/05/intro.md index bff2eec02f..41420b7bc8 100644 --- a/lev/05/intro.md +++ b/lev/05/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Leviticus 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter gives instructions about how to offer a specific type of sacrifice. +This chapter gives instructions about how to offer a specific type of sacrifice. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Not testifying -If a person saw a crime, or a wrong being done, they were required to be a witness about what they saw or heard. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) +### Not testifying -#### Sacrifices for the poor -This chapter explains that poor people were allowed to offer less expensive sacrifices if they could not afford more costly sacrifices. +If a person saw a crime, or a wrong being done, they were required to be a witness about what they saw or heard. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) + +### Sacrifices for the poor + +This chapter explains that poor people were allowed to offer less expensive sacrifices if they could not afford more costly sacrifices. ## Links: * __[Leviticus 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/06/01.md b/lev/06/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/06/01.md +++ b/lev/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/06/02.md b/lev/06/02.md index 651d32e99f..2eb0f1caad 100644 --- a/lev/06/02.md +++ b/lev/06/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "lying to his neig # his neighbor Here "neighbor" means any Israelite, not just someone who lives nearby. - diff --git a/lev/06/03.md b/lev/06/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/06/03.md +++ b/lev/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/06/04.md b/lev/06/04.md index a6f6329237..0b3f47f353 100644 --- a/lev/06/04.md +++ b/lev/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that which was entrusted to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "not returning something he borrowed" - diff --git a/lev/06/05.md b/lev/06/05.md index ac24385ca3..ba5e4e300b 100644 --- a/lev/06/05.md +++ b/lev/06/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "to pay the person # he is found guilty The person who stole is to be brought before the judge and be declared guilty. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the judge declares him guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/06.md b/lev/06/06.md index 866fe17c22..0131a09234 100644 --- a/lev/06/06.md +++ b/lev/06/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # worth the current value This means the person must determine how many shekels the ram is worth by using the official standard of the sacred tent. You can make clear the understood information. See how this was translated in [Leviticus 5:15](../05/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/07.md b/lev/06/07.md index d8c3299f3a..d49e9db733 100644 --- a/lev/06/07.md +++ b/lev/06/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "T # he will be forgiven This means Yahweh will forgive the person, not the priest. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will forgive him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/08.md b/lev/06/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/06/08.md +++ b/lev/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/06/09.md b/lev/06/09.md index 6297f52f63..b764cf12e3 100644 --- a/lev/06/09.md +++ b/lev/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The sentence that begins "Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying" (verse 8) has a qu # the fire of the altar will be kept burning This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must keep the fire of the altar burning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/10.md b/lev/06/10.md index 89e45737a8..3ff6bd8183 100644 --- a/lev/06/10.md +++ b/lev/06/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Linen is a white cloth. Alternate translation: "his white clothes" (See: [[rc:// # after the fire has consumed the burnt offering The fire completely burning up the offering is spoken of as if it consumed or used up the burnt offering. - diff --git a/lev/06/11.md b/lev/06/11.md index 6800965555..0d32e966d3 100644 --- a/lev/06/11.md +++ b/lev/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to a place that is clean A place that is fit to be used for God's purposes is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/12.md b/lev/06/12.md index d7afec876f..0e37ac9e14 100644 --- a/lev/06/12.md +++ b/lev/06/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The priest will k # as required on it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "on it as Yahweh demands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/13.md b/lev/06/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/06/13.md +++ b/lev/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/06/14.md b/lev/06/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/06/14.md +++ b/lev/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/06/15.md b/lev/06/15.md index 29f694bfb8..74348a10e4 100644 --- a/lev/06/15.md +++ b/lev/06/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spo # a representative offering The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/lev/06/16.md b/lev/06/16.md index b1a07e6038..782f5e1235 100644 --- a/lev/06/16.md +++ b/lev/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It must be eaten This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "They must eat it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/17.md b/lev/06/17.md index e0d7cc8649..bec7e327bf 100644 --- a/lev/06/17.md +++ b/lev/06/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not bake it wi # offerings made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "burnt offerings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/18.md b/lev/06/18.md index 5ef4e21730..976ff7de05 100644 --- a/lev/06/18.md +++ b/lev/06/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whoever touches them will become holy This is an implied warning that those who are not male descendants of Aaron should not touch this offering. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/19.md b/lev/06/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/06/19.md +++ b/lev/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/06/20.md b/lev/06/20.md index faba7dcfad..eed0a64123 100644 --- a/lev/06/20.md +++ b/lev/06/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ An ephah is 22 liters. One-tenth of an ephah is about 2 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ # a tenth This is one part of ten equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/21.md b/lev/06/21.md index 4b8b9cad4a..2c24f5fdc5 100644 --- a/lev/06/21.md +++ b/lev/06/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "you" refers to the person offering the sacrifice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the burning sacrifice. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/22.md b/lev/06/22.md index 7b88cf8704..a158420471 100644 --- a/lev/06/22.md +++ b/lev/06/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "As Yahweh has command # it must be burned up completely This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he must burn all of it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/23.md b/lev/06/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/06/23.md +++ b/lev/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/06/24.md b/lev/06/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/06/24.md +++ b/lev/06/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/06/25.md b/lev/06/25.md index 812827a03b..372409ffa7 100644 --- a/lev/06/25.md +++ b/lev/06/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "where you kill the an # before Yahweh "to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/06/26.md b/lev/06/26.md index 3d3e9e2072..08212bad68 100644 --- a/lev/06/26.md +++ b/lev/06/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It must be eaten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He must eat it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/27.md b/lev/06/27.md index f53410f45e..9c072346b2 100644 --- a/lev/06/27.md +++ b/lev/06/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an implied warning that no one besides the priests should touch the meat # if the blood is sprinkled on This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "if the blood sprinkles on" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/28.md b/lev/06/28.md index 63735a4448..92242fca07 100644 --- a/lev/06/28.md +++ b/lev/06/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must break the cl # If it is boiled in a bronze pot, it must be scrubbed and rinsed clean in water This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If you boiled the meat in a bronze pot, then you must scrub the pot and rinse it with clean water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/06/29.md b/lev/06/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/06/29.md +++ b/lev/06/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/06/30.md b/lev/06/30.md index 6b4dbfa129..e4f11cee53 100644 --- a/lev/06/30.md +++ b/lev/06/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The priest must burn # with fire If these words would cause confusion for the reader, you may omit them. - diff --git a/lev/06/intro.md b/lev/06/intro.md index ca45f7b6f5..8c90a3478b 100644 --- a/lev/06/intro.md +++ b/lev/06/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Leviticus 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter gives instructions on how to offer guilt offerings, burnt offerings, and grain offerings. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Eating sacrifices -#### Eating sacrifices The Levites were allowed to eat some of the leftover parts of the sacrifice, while they were not allowed to eat other sacrifices. The reasons for this is unknown. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The Levites were allowed to eat some of the leftover parts of the sacrifice, whi * __[Leviticus 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/07/01.md b/lev/07/01.md index 57ce6a9132..1bba812334 100644 --- a/lev/07/01.md +++ b/lev/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what he must tell Aaron and his sons. - diff --git a/lev/07/02.md b/lev/07/02.md index 5c154f77dd..f699529f40 100644 --- a/lev/07/02.md +++ b/lev/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the place for killing it It can be made explicit that this refers to, the north side of the altar, the place where the animals for the burnt offerings are killed. See [Leviticus 1:10-11](../01/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/03.md b/lev/07/03.md index 4522996c89..65aef70d10 100644 --- a/lev/07/03.md +++ b/lev/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The priest must o # inner parts This is the stomach and intestines. - diff --git a/lev/07/04.md b/lev/07/04.md index ff03a53bd7..e79ed6e648 100644 --- a/lev/07/04.md +++ b/lev/07/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the part of the body on the sides of the backbone between the ribs and h # all this must be removed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the priest must remove all this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/05.md b/lev/07/05.md index ba10c4b381..1c47b5d582 100644 --- a/lev/07/05.md +++ b/lev/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as an offering made with fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as a burnt offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/06.md b/lev/07/06.md index 7359cef697..4f288df3ea 100644 --- a/lev/07/06.md +++ b/lev/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It must be eaten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They must eat it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/07.md b/lev/07/07.md index 07f758b0c6..83b5af63fc 100644 --- a/lev/07/07.md +++ b/lev/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to the priest who makes atonement with them The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "to the priest who offers the sacrifice to atone for someone's sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/08.md b/lev/07/08.md index dc63672f64..770919ec5f 100644 --- a/lev/07/08.md +++ b/lev/07/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hide the coat or skin of a herd animal - diff --git a/lev/07/09.md b/lev/07/09.md index 48775137cf..89922b0a3a 100644 --- a/lev/07/09.md +++ b/lev/07/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a metal plate with rounded edges. The dough was placed in the pan and co # a baking pan This is a thick plate made of either clay or metal. The plate was placed over a fire, and the dough cooked on top of the plate. See how you translated "flat iron pan" in [Leviticus 2:5](../02/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/10.md b/lev/07/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/07/10.md +++ b/lev/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/07/11.md b/lev/07/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/07/11.md +++ b/lev/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/07/12.md b/lev/07/12.md index 5f50ec5c40..e31334d4da 100644 --- a/lev/07/12.md +++ b/lev/07/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "of cakes he made # cakes made with fine flour Here "cakes" refers to a thick bread. It is similar to the first type of bread except it is made with the finest flour. - diff --git a/lev/07/13.md b/lev/07/13.md index 87b88083fe..21863641f0 100644 --- a/lev/07/13.md +++ b/lev/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "cakes of bread he # cakes This refers to a thick bread. - diff --git a/lev/07/14.md b/lev/07/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/07/14.md +++ b/lev/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/07/15.md b/lev/07/15.md index 704f603174..da5354a052 100644 --- a/lev/07/15.md +++ b/lev/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for the purpose of giving thanks The abstract noun "thanks" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "for the purpose of thanking Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/16.md b/lev/07/16.md index 416ff31029..3da5526217 100644 --- a/lev/07/16.md +++ b/lev/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the meat must be eaten ... it may be eaten This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "he must eat the meat ... he may eat it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/17.md b/lev/07/17.md index 9c21306b99..b40d3202ff 100644 --- a/lev/07/17.md +++ b/lev/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Third is the ordinal number for three. Alternate translation: "after two days" ( # must be burned This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the person must burn it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/18.md b/lev/07/18.md index c8a6c448c1..93102eb832 100644 --- a/lev/07/18.md +++ b/lev/07/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "neither will Yahweh h # will carry the guilt of his sin A person being responsible for the sin he committed is spoken of as if he had to carry the guilt physically. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/19.md b/lev/07/19.md index cd365060e7..3074419f8c 100644 --- a/lev/07/19.md +++ b/lev/07/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ If these words would cause confusion for the reader, you may omit them. See how # anyone who is clean A person who is acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/20.md b/lev/07/20.md index dc4594aee8..7a01dee2e1 100644 --- a/lev/07/20.md +++ b/lev/07/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person # that person must be cut off from his people A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that person may no longer live among his people" or "you must separate that person from his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/21.md b/lev/07/21.md index d361c9fee7..0bab3fef14 100644 --- a/lev/07/21.md +++ b/lev/07/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "man" means humans in general. Alternate translation: "of a person" # that person must be cut off from his people A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/22.md b/lev/07/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/07/22.md +++ b/lev/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/07/23.md b/lev/07/23.md index 84a238b738..1ed49c8697 100644 --- a/lev/07/23.md +++ b/lev/07/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # "Speak to the people of Israel and say, 'You must eat no fat The sentence that begins "Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying" (verse 22) has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Then Yahweh spoke to Moses and told him to tell the people of Israel this: 'You must eat no fat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/24.md b/lev/07/24.md index ecf6f16376..6502c0e189 100644 --- a/lev/07/24.md +++ b/lev/07/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the fat of an ani # may be used This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you may use" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/25.md b/lev/07/25.md index 2f7bc1d07d..9d51362004 100644 --- a/lev/07/25.md +++ b/lev/07/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "burnt offering" (See: # that person must be cut off from his people A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/26.md b/lev/07/26.md index b7009aa1a5..98fc488ad5 100644 --- a/lev/07/26.md +++ b/lev/07/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in any of your houses "in any of your homes" or "wherever you live" - diff --git a/lev/07/27.md b/lev/07/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/07/27.md +++ b/lev/07/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/07/28.md b/lev/07/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/07/28.md +++ b/lev/07/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/07/29.md b/lev/07/29.md index d9462a4f4b..63b5541ea9 100644 --- a/lev/07/29.md +++ b/lev/07/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # "Speak to the people of Israel and say, 'He who offers The sentence that begins with the words "So Yahweh spoke to Moses and said" (verse 28) has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Then Yahweh spoke to Moses and told him to tell the people of Israel this: 'He who offers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/30.md b/lev/07/30.md index b45bbe9a51..f189467ce7 100644 --- a/lev/07/30.md +++ b/lev/07/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that the pries # may be waved as a wave offering before Yahweh Raising up the offering is a symbolic gesture that shows that the person is dedicating the sacrifice to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/31.md b/lev/07/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/07/31.md +++ b/lev/07/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/07/32.md b/lev/07/32.md index 2a8411ee8d..6da6f3e9ac 100644 --- a/lev/07/32.md +++ b/lev/07/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thigh the upper part of the leg above the knee - diff --git a/lev/07/33.md b/lev/07/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/07/33.md +++ b/lev/07/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/07/34.md b/lev/07/34.md index de32647f48..8969dfec5a 100644 --- a/lev/07/34.md +++ b/lev/07/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Yahweh. # that is the contribution "that is given as an offering" - diff --git a/lev/07/35.md b/lev/07/35.md index d576791c02..7ffef3bdfd 100644 --- a/lev/07/35.md +++ b/lev/07/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the offerings for Yahweh made by fire This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the burnt offerings for Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/07/36.md b/lev/07/36.md index d438eec69b..8ff8475648 100644 --- a/lev/07/36.md +++ b/lev/07/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Yahweh commanded # throughout all generations See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/lev/07/37.md b/lev/07/37.md index 25d00e98f1..85b5ab4252 100644 --- a/lev/07/37.md +++ b/lev/07/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This is the end of a speech started in verse [Leviticus 7:29](../07/29.md). - diff --git a/lev/07/38.md b/lev/07/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/07/38.md +++ b/lev/07/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/07/intro.md b/lev/07/intro.md index e54fb16324..23d4e62a78 100644 --- a/lev/07/intro.md +++ b/lev/07/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Leviticus 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter gives instructions on how to offer guilt offerings, peace offerings and freewill offerings. +This chapter gives instructions on how to offer guilt offerings, peace offerings and freewill offerings. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Blood -#### Blood The people were not allowed to eat or drink the blood of the sacrificed meat because life was considered to be in the blood of the animal. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]] and [Leviticus 17:11](../../lev/17/11.md)) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The people were not allowed to eat or drink the blood of the sacrificed meat bec * __[Leviticus 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/08/01.md b/lev/08/01.md index 6b852cf436..a8398fd82f 100644 --- a/lev/08/01.md +++ b/lev/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: In chapter 8 Moses ordains Aaron and his sons as priests according to the commands of Yahweh that Moses recorded in the book of Exodus. - diff --git a/lev/08/02.md b/lev/08/02.md index 3c9657c607..1fd1066c26 100644 --- a/lev/08/02.md +++ b/lev/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the garments "the priestly garments" or "the clothes that the priests wore" - diff --git a/lev/08/03.md b/lev/08/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/08/03.md +++ b/lev/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/08/04.md b/lev/08/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/08/04.md +++ b/lev/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/08/05.md b/lev/08/05.md index c2fe892f5d..5fcb0a4238 100644 --- a/lev/08/05.md +++ b/lev/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh has commanded to be done This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh commands us to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/06.md b/lev/08/06.md index b3e549db88..de5d5797db 100644 --- a/lev/08/06.md +++ b/lev/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # washed them with water This is a symbolic action. It is a ritually cleaning that prepares them to become priests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/07.md b/lev/08/07.md index 440e104dbe..c0586f8a24 100644 --- a/lev/08/07.md +++ b/lev/08/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a long piece of cloth that is tied around the waist or chest # bound it to him "tied it around him" - diff --git a/lev/08/08.md b/lev/08/08.md index fb03adcf63..89cf35f45b 100644 --- a/lev/08/08.md +++ b/lev/08/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a special garment that Yahweh commanded the people to make for the pries # the Urim and the Thummim It is not clear what these are. They were objects that the priest somehow used to determine the will of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/09.md b/lev/08/09.md index 8b09bb3508..45a269304d 100644 --- a/lev/08/09.md +++ b/lev/08/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a man's head covering that is a long piece of cloth wrapped around the head # the golden plate, the holy crown These two phrases refer to the same thing. It was a plate of pure gold attached to the turban. - diff --git a/lev/08/10.md b/lev/08/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/08/10.md +++ b/lev/08/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/08/11.md b/lev/08/11.md index eb2e1798a2..481ee98145 100644 --- a/lev/08/11.md +++ b/lev/08/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a bronze basin that was located between the altar and the tabernacle. # its base This is a bronze stand on which the washbasin was placed. - diff --git a/lev/08/12.md b/lev/08/12.md index 835e20fc93..49964257af 100644 --- a/lev/08/12.md +++ b/lev/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He poured "Moses poured" - diff --git a/lev/08/13.md b/lev/08/13.md index 06176b376e..2b8a659755 100644 --- a/lev/08/13.md +++ b/lev/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sashes This is the plural form of "sash." See how you translated this in [Leviticus 8:7](../08/07.md). - diff --git a/lev/08/14.md b/lev/08/14.md index 1969a485fe..a9d040e367 100644 --- a/lev/08/14.md +++ b/lev/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # laid their hands on the head This is a symbolic action that identifies Aaron and his sons with the animal they are offering. In this way they are offering themselves to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/15.md b/lev/08/15.md index 4d58dee69e..75f38bf1e0 100644 --- a/lev/08/15.md +++ b/lev/08/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox # in order to make atonement for it Here "atonement" means to make the altar fit for use in serving God. Alternate translation: "in order to make it a suitable place for burning sacrifices for sin" - diff --git a/lev/08/16.md b/lev/08/16.md index 7ebd228c18..62abfdffa6 100644 --- a/lev/08/16.md +++ b/lev/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the stomach and intestines. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1: # liver ... kidneys See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:4](../03/04.md). - diff --git a/lev/08/17.md b/lev/08/17.md index dc63672f64..770919ec5f 100644 --- a/lev/08/17.md +++ b/lev/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hide the coat or skin of a herd animal - diff --git a/lev/08/18.md b/lev/08/18.md index 1969a485fe..a9d040e367 100644 --- a/lev/08/18.md +++ b/lev/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # laid their hands on the head This is a symbolic action that identifies Aaron and his sons with the animal they are offering. In this way they are offering themselves to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/19.md b/lev/08/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/08/19.md +++ b/lev/08/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/08/20.md b/lev/08/20.md index eb0a343b0e..9abda05962 100644 --- a/lev/08/20.md +++ b/lev/08/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He cut the ram "Moses cut the ram" - diff --git a/lev/08/21.md b/lev/08/21.md index a1a3bfc0db..c4958abc59 100644 --- a/lev/08/21.md +++ b/lev/08/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spo # an offering made by fire to Yahweh This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "an offering he burned to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/22.md b/lev/08/22.md index 103889ec86..f8f947677b 100644 --- a/lev/08/22.md +++ b/lev/08/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "consecration" is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: "the ram for # laid their hands on the head This is a symbolic action that identifies Aaron and his sons with the animal they are offering. In this way the they are offering themselves to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/23.md b/lev/08/23.md index f699313dd9..5e2cf5ebfd 100644 --- a/lev/08/23.md +++ b/lev/08/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Moses took some of its blood It is implied that Moses caught the blood in a bowl as the blood drained out from the animal. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/24.md b/lev/08/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/08/24.md +++ b/lev/08/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/08/25.md b/lev/08/25.md index 5273f67a0e..0e4b37eac3 100644 --- a/lev/08/25.md +++ b/lev/08/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:4](../03/04.md). # right thigh The thigh is the upper part of the leg above the knee. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:32](../07/32.md). - diff --git a/lev/08/26.md b/lev/08/26.md index 3ce4a353e0..be535035e1 100644 --- a/lev/08/26.md +++ b/lev/08/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the basket of bread without yeast that was before Yahweh This does not refer to the location of the basket of bread. It means this is the bread that Moses had dedicated to Yahweh. - diff --git a/lev/08/27.md b/lev/08/27.md index c63b0c9c87..a02fd8052b 100644 --- a/lev/08/27.md +++ b/lev/08/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that Aaron and his sons presented the offering. The full meaning o # waved them This is a symbolic action that dedicates the offering to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/28.md b/lev/08/28.md index 6593f63394..da499982dd 100644 --- a/lev/08/28.md +++ b/lev/08/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "a burnt offering # produced a sweet aroma Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the burning sacrifice. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/29.md b/lev/08/29.md index 066236ad8a..6a7fda907f 100644 --- a/lev/08/29.md +++ b/lev/08/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the front part of the animal's body below the neck # ordination an official ceremony that makes someone a priest - diff --git a/lev/08/30.md b/lev/08/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/08/30.md +++ b/lev/08/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/08/31.md b/lev/08/31.md index ef34aac3b3..9bd67cbfd6 100644 --- a/lev/08/31.md +++ b/lev/08/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means the basket contains offerings used while consecrating Aaron and his s # as I commanded, saying, 'Aaron and his sons will eat it.' This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "as I commanded you to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/32.md b/lev/08/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/08/32.md +++ b/lev/08/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/08/33.md b/lev/08/33.md index a78ff95881..501474ac06 100644 --- a/lev/08/33.md +++ b/lev/08/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "until you fulfill # ordination This is an official ceremony that makes someone a priest. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 8:29](../08/29.md). - diff --git a/lev/08/34.md b/lev/08/34.md index 59d881d990..c5faf8ef76 100644 --- a/lev/08/34.md +++ b/lev/08/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "us to do" (See: [ # to make atonement for you The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "to atone for your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/35.md b/lev/08/35.md index 4a238167d7..eaf475a035 100644 --- a/lev/08/35.md +++ b/lev/08/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is what I have been commanded This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "this is what he has commanded me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/08/36.md b/lev/08/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/08/36.md +++ b/lev/08/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/08/intro.md b/lev/08/intro.md index 35c845d94e..c1b7ac2184 100644 --- a/lev/08/intro.md +++ b/lev/08/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Leviticus 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter, Moses set apart, or consecrated, the sons of Aaron to be priests. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this chapter, Moses set apart, or consecrated, the sons of Aaron to be priest * __[Leviticus 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/09/01.md b/lev/09/01.md index 70a2158e2c..955737c46d 100644 --- a/lev/09/01.md +++ b/lev/09/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the eighth day The word "eighth" is the ordinal number for eight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/lev/09/02.md b/lev/09/02.md index 675f39e37c..f871be3236 100644 --- a/lev/09/02.md +++ b/lev/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before Yahweh "to Yahweh" or "in the presence of Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/09/03.md b/lev/09/03.md index 45f99f38b8..dfe29500fa 100644 --- a/lev/09/03.md +++ b/lev/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to Aaron. This is the beginning of a direct quote withi # a year old "twelve months of age" - diff --git a/lev/09/04.md b/lev/09/04.md index 540ac50589..289966c4f7 100644 --- a/lev/09/04.md +++ b/lev/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to Aaron. If you have begun an indirect quotation in ve # to sacrifice before Yahweh "to sacrifice to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/09/05.md b/lev/09/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/09/05.md +++ b/lev/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/09/06.md b/lev/09/06.md index 2a817a8692..d5bc7fb71a 100644 --- a/lev/09/06.md +++ b/lev/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] # so that his glory may appear to you Here "glory" represents the presence of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "so that he may show you the glory of his presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/09/07.md b/lev/09/07.md index 80371f7a00..9515271aa8 100644 --- a/lev/09/07.md +++ b/lev/09/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # make atonement for yourself and for the people ... offer the sacrifice for the people to make atonement for them These are two different sacrifices. The first sacrifice is to atone for the sins of the high priest. When the high priest sins it also makes the people guilty ([Leviticus 4:3](../04/03.md)). The second sacrifice is to atone of the sins the people themselves commit. - diff --git a/lev/09/08.md b/lev/09/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/09/08.md +++ b/lev/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/09/09.md b/lev/09/09.md index d1a549c8c3..5914ef4a8a 100644 --- a/lev/09/09.md +++ b/lev/09/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox # at the base of the altar "at the bottom of the altar" - diff --git a/lev/09/10.md b/lev/09/10.md index 8d6821d8e5..c17a92eb87 100644 --- a/lev/09/10.md +++ b/lev/09/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # kidneys ... liver See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:4](../03/04.md). - diff --git a/lev/09/11.md b/lev/09/11.md index 32600e4042..1932d7a24a 100644 --- a/lev/09/11.md +++ b/lev/09/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hide This is the coat or skin of a herd animal. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:8](../07/08.md). - diff --git a/lev/09/12.md b/lev/09/12.md index e76a1132c1..08c9bad060 100644 --- a/lev/09/12.md +++ b/lev/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his sons gave him the blood It is implied that the sons caught the blood in a bowl as the blood drained from the animal. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/09/13.md b/lev/09/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/09/13.md +++ b/lev/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/09/14.md b/lev/09/14.md index bd3a166da2..98fb084a07 100644 --- a/lev/09/14.md +++ b/lev/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # inner parts This is the stomach and intestines. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/lev/09/15.md b/lev/09/15.md index 88cbd0ad31..0c33144ff2 100644 --- a/lev/09/15.md +++ b/lev/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the first goat The word "first" is the ordinal number for one. Alternate translation: "the goat for his own offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/lev/09/16.md b/lev/09/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/09/16.md +++ b/lev/09/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/09/17.md b/lev/09/17.md index 89e079c8a8..d38f5180f0 100644 --- a/lev/09/17.md +++ b/lev/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # along with the morning's burnt offering This refers to the first sacrifice of each day. The priests would offer this burnt sacrifice in the morning before any other sacrifice. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/09/18.md b/lev/09/18.md index 3013284a93..8b908799c3 100644 --- a/lev/09/18.md +++ b/lev/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Aaron's sons gave him the blood It is implied that the blood was in a bowl. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/09/19.md b/lev/09/19.md index b14847c7d2..9d71edea1f 100644 --- a/lev/09/19.md +++ b/lev/09/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the stomach and intestines. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1: # kidneys ... liver See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:4](../03/04.md). - diff --git a/lev/09/20.md b/lev/09/20.md index cde9d265b3..69de3c5799 100644 --- a/lev/09/20.md +++ b/lev/09/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "these" refers to the fat and inner parts listed previously. # the breasts This is front part of the animal's body below the neck. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:30](../07/30.md). - diff --git a/lev/09/21.md b/lev/09/21.md index 4e6299ff14..eb8de3e108 100644 --- a/lev/09/21.md +++ b/lev/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the upper part of the leg above the knee. See how you translated this in # before Yahweh "to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/09/22.md b/lev/09/22.md index 37c373d1ef..b4c5e0fe9c 100644 --- a/lev/09/22.md +++ b/lev/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then he came down The phrase "came down" is used because the place of the altar was higher than where the people were standing. - diff --git a/lev/09/23.md b/lev/09/23.md index 8b2e2beb76..16509e558a 100644 --- a/lev/09/23.md +++ b/lev/09/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the glory of Yahweh appeared to all the people Here "glory" represents Yahweh's presence. Alternate translation: "Yahweh showed all the people the glory of his presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/09/24.md b/lev/09/24.md index 4242d45bce..205c3c5b7a 100644 --- a/lev/09/24.md +++ b/lev/09/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The fire completely burning up the offering is spoken of as if the fire consumed # lay facedown "lay with their faces to the ground." This is a sign respect and honor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/09/intro.md b/lev/09/intro.md index dec4d1b102..e556002762 100644 --- a/lev/09/intro.md +++ b/lev/09/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Leviticus 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Aaron begins to function as the high priest in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Following Yahweh's instructions -#### Following Yahweh's instructions Great care is taken to show that Aaron perfectly followed Yahweh's instructions. Moses records every detail to show how Aaron correctly followed Yahweh. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Fire came out from Yahweh" -#### "Fire came out from Yahweh" Aaron did not create the fire that consumed his sacrifice. Instead, Yahweh miraculously began the fire which consumed the sacrifice. This showed that the sacrifice was acceptable to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ Aaron did not create the fire that consumed his sacrifice. Instead, Yahweh mirac * __[Leviticus 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/10/01.md b/lev/10/01.md index d52ef828e6..33ca3d2dd3 100644 --- a/lev/10/01.md +++ b/lev/10/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a shallow metal container which priests used to carry hot coals or incense # unapproved fire before Yahweh "unapproved fire to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/10/02.md b/lev/10/02.md index 5642ce5199..606bb0c6b9 100644 --- a/lev/10/02.md +++ b/lev/10/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The fire completely burning the men up is spoken of as if the fire devoured or c # they died before Yahweh "they died in the presence of Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/10/03.md b/lev/10/03.md index e9d0f3d277..d6dbc845dc 100644 --- a/lev/10/03.md +++ b/lev/10/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "those who come near me" refers to the priests that serve Yahweh. "I # I will be glorified before all the people This second part of Yahweh's statement still concerns the priest, who are the ones who come near to Yahweh. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "They must glorify me before all the people" or "They must honor me in the presence of all the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/10/04.md b/lev/10/04.md index 313d7c3ccd..aa05b290a5 100644 --- a/lev/10/04.md +++ b/lev/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # your brothers This does not mean they were literal brothers. Here "brothers" means relatives or cousins. - diff --git a/lev/10/05.md b/lev/10/05.md index 72787a9781..004cf268e7 100644 --- a/lev/10/05.md +++ b/lev/10/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # carried them, still wearing their priestly tunics carried the bodies of Nadab and Abihu, which still had on the priestly tunics - diff --git a/lev/10/06.md b/lev/10/06.md index 88dcad464c..7bc91fd6ca 100644 --- a/lev/10/06.md +++ b/lev/10/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "house" represents the people. Alternate translation: "all the people of Is # for those whom the fire of Yahweh has set ablaze "for those whom Yahweh killed with his fire" - diff --git a/lev/10/07.md b/lev/10/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/10/07.md +++ b/lev/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/10/08.md b/lev/10/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/10/08.md +++ b/lev/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/10/09.md b/lev/10/09.md index c3b455d4dd..4f4497cdb7 100644 --- a/lev/10/09.md +++ b/lev/10/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "This" refers back to the command for the priests to not drink wine or stro # a permanent statute throughout your people's generations See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/lev/10/10.md b/lev/10/10.md index 8b5218c24f..4b49a1d065 100644 --- a/lev/10/10.md +++ b/lev/10/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A person or thing that Yahweh has stated is unfit to touch is spoken of as if th # the clean A person or thing that Yahweh has stated is fit to touch is spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/10/11.md b/lev/10/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/10/11.md +++ b/lev/10/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/10/12.md b/lev/10/12.md index 387f1f56b5..5e03ec9a8a 100644 --- a/lev/10/12.md +++ b/lev/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the burnt offerin # for it is most holy "for the grain offering is most holy" - diff --git a/lev/10/13.md b/lev/10/13.md index b371dab77d..aa9c867c55 100644 --- a/lev/10/13.md +++ b/lev/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is what I have been commanded to tell you This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh commanded me to tell you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/10/14.md b/lev/10/14.md index 7c463b2224..7c999ecb52 100644 --- a/lev/10/14.md +++ b/lev/10/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh has as # you and your sons and daughters Here "you" refers to Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/lev/10/15.md b/lev/10/15.md index 433ac8eaff..fc9a220c4b 100644 --- a/lev/10/15.md +++ b/lev/10/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the upper part of the leg above the knee of the animals that the # They will be yours and your sons' with you as a share forever Translate this so it is understood that the portion belongs to Aaron and his sons. Alternate translation: "This portion will always be for you and your sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/10/16.md b/lev/10/16.md index e6f7b34076..9fc4fed2f4 100644 --- a/lev/10/16.md +++ b/lev/10/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the priests had b # Eleazar and Ithamar See how you translated these names in [Leviticus 10:6](../10/06.md). - diff --git a/lev/10/17.md b/lev/10/17.md index 80e5f41859..2b0d7bcef7 100644 --- a/lev/10/17.md +++ b/lev/10/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Causing Yahweh to forgive the people of Israel is spoken of as if iniquity were # before him "in his presence" - diff --git a/lev/10/18.md b/lev/10/18.md index 5ba9dc77bc..f2610a739a 100644 --- a/lev/10/18.md +++ b/lev/10/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its blood was not brought This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you did not bring its blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/10/19.md b/lev/10/19.md index 3d6896767a..9a5752346c 100644 --- a/lev/10/19.md +++ b/lev/10/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Aaron is referring to the death of his two sons. # would it have been pleasing in the sight of Yahweh? These sacrifices were to be eaten with joy and happiness. Aaron uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh would not be pleased for him to eat the sacrifices since he is sad because of his sons' deaths. This question may be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "certainly, Yahweh would not have been pleased." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/lev/10/20.md b/lev/10/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/10/20.md +++ b/lev/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/10/intro.md b/lev/10/intro.md index 977d5674a1..76b8946097 100644 --- a/lev/10/intro.md +++ b/lev/10/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,23 @@ # Leviticus 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 10:3. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Mourning +### Mourning Aaron was told that he and his remaining sons should not mourn Aaron's sons who were killed. As priests, they must put priestly work first, before their mourning and personal problems. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Unapproved fire" -The phrase "unapproved fire " indicates that Aaron's son offered an unacceptable sacrifice. Because of Yahweh's holiness, this was a serious sin. They may have offered a sacrifice at the wrong time or in the wrong way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### "Unapproved fire" + +The phrase "unapproved fire " indicates that Aaron's son offered an unacceptable sacrifice. Because of Yahweh's holiness, this was a serious sin. They may have offered a sacrifice at the wrong time or in the wrong way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: * __[Leviticus 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/11/01.md b/lev/11/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/01.md +++ b/lev/11/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/02.md b/lev/11/02.md index 07e2c21019..a8dc446299 100644 --- a/lev/11/02.md +++ b/lev/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # among all the animals "out of all the animals" - diff --git a/lev/11/03.md b/lev/11/03.md index a45c6fbf34..c08d388094 100644 --- a/lev/11/03.md +++ b/lev/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means a hoof that is split into two parts instead of being one whole. # chews the cud This means an animal that brings its food up from its stomach and chews it again. - diff --git a/lev/11/04.md b/lev/11/04.md index eea31b928b..813d17dcb0 100644 --- a/lev/11/04.md +++ b/lev/11/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ That is, they have one or the other, but not both. # the camel is unclean to you The camel being unfit for the people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/05.md b/lev/11/05.md index abbbdc8821..68b83090bc 100644 --- a/lev/11/05.md +++ b/lev/11/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a small animal that lives in rocky places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-u # unclean to you These animals which God declared to be unfit for the people to eat are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/06.md b/lev/11/06.md index b64ddc312c..4659d0988f 100644 --- a/lev/11/06.md +++ b/lev/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rabbit a small animal with long ears that usually lives in holes in the ground - diff --git a/lev/11/07.md b/lev/11/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/07.md +++ b/lev/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/08.md b/lev/11/08.md index 6b566258ee..45e826d0df 100644 --- a/lev/11/08.md +++ b/lev/11/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nor touch their carcasses "nor touch their dead bodies" - diff --git a/lev/11/09.md b/lev/11/09.md index 0bd44d782c..79cfed200f 100644 --- a/lev/11/09.md +++ b/lev/11/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the thin, flat part that the fish uses to move through the water # scales the small plates that cover the body of the fish - diff --git a/lev/11/10.md b/lev/11/10.md index ea6ec8ffd4..38a08290ea 100644 --- a/lev/11/10.md +++ b/lev/11/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they must be detested by you Yahweh commands the people to reject and despise eating these creatures. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must detest them" or "you must completely reject them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/11.md b/lev/11/11.md index 399b9bde8f..dec9f443f5 100644 --- a/lev/11/11.md +++ b/lev/11/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what he permits the people to eat and w # their carcasses must be detested This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must detest their dead bodies" or "you must not touch their dead bodies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/12.md b/lev/11/12.md index 9bf4c30240..1f077efddb 100644 --- a/lev/11/12.md +++ b/lev/11/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is detestable to you This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must detest" or "you must completely reject" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/13.md b/lev/11/13.md index a4dc798127..cef5aff230 100644 --- a/lev/11/13.md +++ b/lev/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what he permits the people to eat and w # vulture These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on rodents and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/14.md b/lev/11/14.md index 9755be5496..6933b2ba8b 100644 --- a/lev/11/14.md +++ b/lev/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # kite ... falcon These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on rodents and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/15.md b/lev/11/15.md index 3e564755e2..b75d89e801 100644 --- a/lev/11/15.md +++ b/lev/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # raven These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on rodents and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/16.md b/lev/11/16.md index 8301f70edc..e92b309880 100644 --- a/lev/11/16.md +++ b/lev/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # horned owl ... screech owl ... seagull ... hawk These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on rodents and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/17.md b/lev/11/17.md index 2e6b50098f..8c37b23f26 100644 --- a/lev/11/17.md +++ b/lev/11/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are birds that eat rodents and insects and are awake mainly at night. (See # the great owl "the large owl" - diff --git a/lev/11/18.md b/lev/11/18.md index 251814fbdc..10bb24b04e 100644 --- a/lev/11/18.md +++ b/lev/11/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # white owl ... barn owl ... osprey These are birds that eat rodents and insects and are awake mainly at night. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/19.md b/lev/11/19.md index c0fbb54d16..e8ba6dc3df 100644 --- a/lev/11/19.md +++ b/lev/11/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are birds that eat rodents and insects and are awake mainly at night. (See # bat Although not a bird, the bat is included in this list because it has wings and flies. It has a furry body and is awake mainly at night. It eats insects and rodents. - diff --git a/lev/11/20.md b/lev/11/20.md index 53627eacf6..928dbff988 100644 --- a/lev/11/20.md +++ b/lev/11/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "detestable" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translat # insects that walk on four legs Here the phrase "four legs" is an idiom that means to crawl on the ground and sets these insects apart from other flying things, such as birds, that have only two feet. Alternate translation: "insects that crawl on the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/21.md b/lev/11/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/21.md +++ b/lev/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/22.md b/lev/11/22.md index 70aaa6eb88..1c3948ea37 100644 --- a/lev/11/22.md +++ b/lev/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # locust, katydid, cricket, or grasshopper These are small insects that eat plants and can jump. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/23.md b/lev/11/23.md index f5d97ec791..b4bad6d025 100644 --- a/lev/11/23.md +++ b/lev/11/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # flying insects that have four feet "flying insects that have four legs" - diff --git a/lev/11/24.md b/lev/11/24.md index ddef2bb973..9ef1691ce6 100644 --- a/lev/11/24.md +++ b/lev/11/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who is unacceptable for God's purposes because he has touched one of th # these animals This refers to the animals he is about to list in the following verses. - diff --git a/lev/11/25.md b/lev/11/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/25.md +++ b/lev/11/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/26.md b/lev/11/26.md index 9c08a7b528..0ca0b6c6e7 100644 --- a/lev/11/26.md +++ b/lev/11/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means an animal that brings its food up from its stomach and chews it again # Everyone who touches them will be unclean A person who is unacceptable for God's purposes because he has touched one of these animals is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/27.md b/lev/11/27.md index 0ea554610d..ddb269ed1d 100644 --- a/lev/11/27.md +++ b/lev/11/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ animal feet with claws # until the evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/11/28.md b/lev/11/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/28.md +++ b/lev/11/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/29.md b/lev/11/29.md index 27dbc769f8..fd0434896b 100644 --- a/lev/11/29.md +++ b/lev/11/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a small animal with brown fur that eats birds and small animals (See: [[rc://en/ # large lizard These are different kinds of reptiles with four legs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/30.md b/lev/11/30.md index 7b08fe6836..c2a9a17a49 100644 --- a/lev/11/30.md +++ b/lev/11/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are different kinds of reptiles with four legs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # skink "sand lizard" - diff --git a/lev/11/31.md b/lev/11/31.md index be83f2fc02..0111daf436 100644 --- a/lev/11/31.md +++ b/lev/11/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who is unacceptable for God's purposes because he has touched one of th # until evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/11/32.md b/lev/11/32.md index 782e8a754b..fee13ecd6f 100644 --- a/lev/11/32.md +++ b/lev/11/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Something that God has declared to be fit for people to touch after it has been # whatever it is used for, it must be put into water This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "however you use it, you must put it into water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/33.md b/lev/11/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/33.md +++ b/lev/11/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/34.md b/lev/11/34.md index 6b157338e5..aba2c92478 100644 --- a/lev/11/34.md +++ b/lev/11/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # unclean Food becomes unacceptable for the people to eat because unclean water has fallen on it is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/35.md b/lev/11/35.md index 4b98aa2b5c..e89238a207 100644 --- a/lev/11/35.md +++ b/lev/11/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ dead bodies # must be broken to pieces This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must break it to pieces" or "You must shatter it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/36.md b/lev/11/36.md index 966b27d229..69f444e902 100644 --- a/lev/11/36.md +++ b/lev/11/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The dead body of an animal that God has declared to be unfit for the people to t # unclean A person who is unacceptable for God's purposes because he has touched the carcass of one of these animals is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/37.md b/lev/11/37.md index 597df1b8bb..022a481ba5 100644 --- a/lev/11/37.md +++ b/lev/11/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # those seeds will still be clean Seeds that God has permitted the people to plant are spoken of as if they are physically clean, and those that he has not permitted are spoken of as if they were unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/38.md b/lev/11/38.md index 7141b08623..198e11ebd2 100644 --- a/lev/11/38.md +++ b/lev/11/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Seeds that God has permitted the people to plant are spoken of as if they are ph # But if water is put on the seeds This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "But if you put water on the seeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/39.md b/lev/11/39.md index 203e97923a..bd9ffc4bea 100644 --- a/lev/11/39.md +++ b/lev/11/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who is unacceptable for God's purposes because he touches the body of a # until evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/11/40.md b/lev/11/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/40.md +++ b/lev/11/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/41.md b/lev/11/41.md index 66ef4a065d..6c6d4be947 100644 --- a/lev/11/41.md +++ b/lev/11/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron which animals the people are to conside # it must not be eaten This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must not eat it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/42.md b/lev/11/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/42.md +++ b/lev/11/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/43.md b/lev/11/43.md index c74e9d5655..3775d32654 100644 --- a/lev/11/43.md +++ b/lev/11/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who is unacceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if he were physi # and you must not be made unclean by them This can be translated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) this is another command. Alternate translation: "and you must not allow them to make you unclean" or "you must not allow yourselves to become unclean by touching them" Or 2) this refers to the result of disobedience to the two preceding commands. Alternate translation: "or you will be made unclean by them" or "or they will make you unclean" or "you will be unclean because you have touched them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/44.md b/lev/11/44.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/44.md +++ b/lev/11/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/45.md b/lev/11/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/11/45.md +++ b/lev/11/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/11/46.md b/lev/11/46.md index c36d05843b..161fdb5b40 100644 --- a/lev/11/46.md +++ b/lev/11/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh finishes telling Moses and Aaron what he permits the people to eat and what he forbids them to eat. - diff --git a/lev/11/47.md b/lev/11/47.md index 5dccdb8b8c..5d7e718aeb 100644 --- a/lev/11/47.md +++ b/lev/11/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Animals that God declared to be unfit for the people to touch or eat are spoken # that may be eaten ... that may not be eaten This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you may eat ... that you may not eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/11/intro.md b/lev/11/intro.md index 7c886162d5..97040007f2 100644 --- a/lev/11/intro.md +++ b/lev/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Leviticus 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Laws about food +### Laws about food This chapter contains a list of the animals the Israelites were not allowed to eat. Further research may be needed to determine the exact location of different parts of an animal. Many of these foods are not consumed to this day because they cause diseases, but it is unclear why the other foods are prohibited. -#### Special concepts in this chapter +### Special concepts in this chapter + Eating unclean foods made a person unclean. The process of consuming these types of foods spread the uncleanliness to a person. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Eating unclean foods made a person unclean. The process of consuming these types * __[Leviticus 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/12/01.md b/lev/12/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/12/01.md +++ b/lev/12/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/12/02.md b/lev/12/02.md index 8b5f82d020..98ebc2c313 100644 --- a/lev/12/02.md +++ b/lev/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A woman whom other people must not touch because she is bleeding from her womb i # during the days of her monthly impurity This refers to the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/lev/12/03.md b/lev/12/03.md index d2a8977933..867b404da9 100644 --- a/lev/12/03.md +++ b/lev/12/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the flesh of a baby boy's foreskin must be circumcised Only the priest could perform this action. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "a priest must circumcise the baby boy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/12/04.md b/lev/12/04.md index d39fbf16db..1d66bfc0f1 100644 --- a/lev/12/04.md +++ b/lev/12/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the mother will remain impure for thirty-three days. # the sanctuary This is a metonym for the area around the tabernacle. The reader should understand that this is different from the Holy Place, the first chamber in the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/12/05.md b/lev/12/05.md index f575a66bc3..d6dfae3a31 100644 --- a/lev/12/05.md +++ b/lev/12/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb. See how # sixty-six days "66 days" - diff --git a/lev/12/06.md b/lev/12/06.md index 100eb93d21..9276926eba 100644 --- a/lev/12/06.md +++ b/lev/12/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for a son or for a daughter This refers to the different number of days for purification based on if she gave birth to a son or daughter. - diff --git a/lev/12/07.md b/lev/12/07.md index b1f8abbd81..2fc5a5b306 100644 --- a/lev/12/07.md +++ b/lev/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she will be cleansed from the flow of her blood This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "this will cleanse her from her bleeding occurring during childbirth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/12/08.md b/lev/12/08.md index a7da180647..069edb8917 100644 --- a/lev/12/08.md +++ b/lev/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translate this so it clarifies the woman's inability to purchase a sacrificial a # then she will be clean A woman whom other people may touch is spoken of as if she were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/12/intro.md b/lev/12/intro.md index 191ca6ebaa..75257313d2 100644 --- a/lev/12/intro.md +++ b/lev/12/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Leviticus 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Menstruation +### Menstruation A woman was considered to be unclean after she began to bleed from her womb every month and after having a baby. This was because all blood was considered to be unclean. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ A woman was considered to be unclean after she began to bleed from her womb ever * __[Leviticus 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/13/01.md b/lev/13/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/13/01.md +++ b/lev/13/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/13/02.md b/lev/13/02.md index 5f42d5a6f2..d138c35930 100644 --- a/lev/13/02.md +++ b/lev/13/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "then someone must bri # to one of his sons "to one of Aaron's sons" - diff --git a/lev/13/03.md b/lev/13/03.md index 8d0713a1da..146b30af4d 100644 --- a/lev/13/03.md +++ b/lev/13/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Leprosy was a skin disease. There were different skin diseases called leprosy in # he must pronounce him unclean "the priest must pronounce the man unclean." The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/04.md b/lev/13/04.md index 4edefb84e5..e4bb1c89ee 100644 --- a/lev/13/04.md +++ b/lev/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for seven days "for 7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/05.md b/lev/13/05.md index 0db4c3aeee..a70ed0d7ff 100644 --- a/lev/13/05.md +++ b/lev/13/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means if the skin disease has not increased in size or moved to other parts # seven days "7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/06.md b/lev/13/06.md index 0754011a8d..6845ecd24f 100644 --- a/lev/13/06.md +++ b/lev/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. # rash This is an area of the skin that is irritated, but the rash will not spread to other people. - diff --git a/lev/13/07.md b/lev/13/07.md index db424d3cd2..905af33410 100644 --- a/lev/13/07.md +++ b/lev/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he ... himself This refers to the person with the skin disease. - diff --git a/lev/13/08.md b/lev/13/08.md index cc4d5c47a6..ebfb548826 100644 --- a/lev/13/08.md +++ b/lev/13/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically u # leprosy See how you translated this in [Leviticus 13:3](../13/03.md). - diff --git a/lev/13/09.md b/lev/13/09.md index fa9de9e65b..b18711483d 100644 --- a/lev/13/09.md +++ b/lev/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he must be brought to the priest The priests determined if a disease was spreading. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone must bring him to the priest" or "he must go to the priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/10.md b/lev/13/10.md index 8995d088c0..3a41c73013 100644 --- a/lev/13/10.md +++ b/lev/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if there is raw flesh in the swelling Here "raw flesh" could refer to open sores on the skin or it could refer to new skin that has grown, but the area around it is still diseased. Either one indicates that the skin disease is not healing properly. - diff --git a/lev/13/11.md b/lev/13/11.md index fdc532c007..c1bc60ea30 100644 --- a/lev/13/11.md +++ b/lev/13/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Leviticus 13:3](../13/03.md). # the priest must pronounce him unclean ... he is already unclean The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/12.md b/lev/13/12.md index 58f8194736..eb976cc54c 100644 --- a/lev/13/12.md +++ b/lev/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease. - diff --git a/lev/13/13.md b/lev/13/13.md index 762468bbf0..887bf69f8d 100644 --- a/lev/13/13.md +++ b/lev/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priest must pronounce the person ... he is clean The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean and the man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/14.md b/lev/13/14.md index 30a90e0837..f6ad575051 100644 --- a/lev/13/14.md +++ b/lev/13/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But if ... he will be unclean The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean and the man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/15.md b/lev/13/15.md index 798ee2273c..b78ca4efd2 100644 --- a/lev/13/15.md +++ b/lev/13/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 13:10](../13/10.md). # leprosy See how you translated this in [Leviticus 13:3](../13/03.md). - diff --git a/lev/13/16.md b/lev/13/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/13/16.md +++ b/lev/13/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/13/17.md b/lev/13/17.md index 46523b4f81..f95e6b501e 100644 --- a/lev/13/17.md +++ b/lev/13/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priest will pronounce that person to be clean The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/18.md b/lev/13/18.md index 04ee761ebf..3eca0ad893 100644 --- a/lev/13/18.md +++ b/lev/13/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone ha # a boil a painful area on the skin that is infected - diff --git a/lev/13/19.md b/lev/13/19.md index 4b3281b0ec..32e28b5d43 100644 --- a/lev/13/19.md +++ b/lev/13/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then it must be shown to the priest This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "then he must show it to the priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/20.md b/lev/13/20.md index ef858d6c95..8c7e0c0a8f 100644 --- a/lev/13/20.md +++ b/lev/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priest must pronounce him unclean The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/21.md b/lev/13/21.md index 666d4c268b..d1702cccaa 100644 --- a/lev/13/21.md +++ b/lev/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone ha # examines it Here "it" refers to the white swelling or bright spot on the skin. - diff --git a/lev/13/22.md b/lev/13/22.md index ef858d6c95..8c7e0c0a8f 100644 --- a/lev/13/22.md +++ b/lev/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priest must pronounce him unclean The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/23.md b/lev/13/23.md index c3afb67cd9..d82e47963c 100644 --- a/lev/13/23.md +++ b/lev/13/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priest must pronounce him clean The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/24.md b/lev/13/24.md index 58f8194736..eb976cc54c 100644 --- a/lev/13/24.md +++ b/lev/13/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease. - diff --git a/lev/13/25.md b/lev/13/25.md index dc15bba828..aa8f7b0bde 100644 --- a/lev/13/25.md +++ b/lev/13/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Leviticus 13:3](../13/03.md). # the priest must pronounce him unclean The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/26.md b/lev/13/26.md index 4c4d7263d9..dbb43d1655 100644 --- a/lev/13/26.md +++ b/lev/13/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone ha # examines it Here "it" refers to the burn on the person's skin. - diff --git a/lev/13/27.md b/lev/13/27.md index cc4d5c47a6..ebfb548826 100644 --- a/lev/13/27.md +++ b/lev/13/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically u # leprosy See how you translated this in [Leviticus 13:3](../13/03.md). - diff --git a/lev/13/28.md b/lev/13/28.md index c3afb67cd9..d82e47963c 100644 --- a/lev/13/28.md +++ b/lev/13/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priest must pronounce him clean The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/29.md b/lev/13/29.md index 58f8194736..eb976cc54c 100644 --- a/lev/13/29.md +++ b/lev/13/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease. - diff --git a/lev/13/30.md b/lev/13/30.md index ef858d6c95..8c7e0c0a8f 100644 --- a/lev/13/30.md +++ b/lev/13/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priest must pronounce him unclean The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/31.md b/lev/13/31.md index 58f8194736..eb976cc54c 100644 --- a/lev/13/31.md +++ b/lev/13/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease. - diff --git a/lev/13/32.md b/lev/13/32.md index 58f8194736..eb976cc54c 100644 --- a/lev/13/32.md +++ b/lev/13/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease. - diff --git a/lev/13/33.md b/lev/13/33.md index 9191f8e5a1..5717b18942 100644 --- a/lev/13/33.md +++ b/lev/13/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then he must be shaved, but the diseased area must not be shaved This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the person must shave the hair near the sore but not the hair on the sore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/34.md b/lev/13/34.md index cdb7a85558..c8b48d2a43 100644 --- a/lev/13/34.md +++ b/lev/13/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the disease" refers to the disease on the person's head or chin. # the priest must pronounce him clean ... he will be clean The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/35.md b/lev/13/35.md index b2baf3842b..3bcdab3cce 100644 --- a/lev/13/35.md +++ b/lev/13/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone ha # after the priest said he was clean The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/36.md b/lev/13/36.md index e625ada4ff..9902fcdfa2 100644 --- a/lev/13/36.md +++ b/lev/13/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The person is unclean The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/37.md b/lev/13/37.md index 0760915e2e..9d04b2a6c7 100644 --- a/lev/13/37.md +++ b/lev/13/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is clean ... him clean The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/38.md b/lev/13/38.md index 58f8194736..eb976cc54c 100644 --- a/lev/13/38.md +++ b/lev/13/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease. - diff --git a/lev/13/39.md b/lev/13/39.md index 2156d54fe3..ca18115464 100644 --- a/lev/13/39.md +++ b/lev/13/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "He" refers to both men and women in general. Alternate translation: "That # He is clean The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/40.md b/lev/13/40.md index 6e49484246..e97436a670 100644 --- a/lev/13/40.md +++ b/lev/13/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone ha # he is clean The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/41.md b/lev/13/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/13/41.md +++ b/lev/13/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/13/42.md b/lev/13/42.md index 4b15eaf597..3f84c0ee27 100644 --- a/lev/13/42.md +++ b/lev/13/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone ha # leprosy See how you translated this in [Leviticus 13:3](../13/03.md). - diff --git a/lev/13/43.md b/lev/13/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/13/43.md +++ b/lev/13/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/13/44.md b/lev/13/44.md index 60fcd7a4c0..2a5f2f8a34 100644 --- a/lev/13/44.md +++ b/lev/13/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he ... is unclean ... pronounce him unclean The person whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/45.md b/lev/13/45.md index 42f8c83207..6f4037af4e 100644 --- a/lev/13/45.md +++ b/lev/13/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone ha # Unclean, unclean The person whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/46.md b/lev/13/46.md index 897c8e9b4d..e13699caf3 100644 --- a/lev/13/46.md +++ b/lev/13/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # outside the camp The camp is the area where the majority of Israelites lived. The unclean person was not permitted to live among them because his disease may spread to others. - diff --git a/lev/13/47.md b/lev/13/47.md index 7264afcd41..ec0ded7018 100644 --- a/lev/13/47.md +++ b/lev/13/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this probably refers to mildew. # is contaminated has become impure because something harmful has been added to it - diff --git a/lev/13/48.md b/lev/13/48.md index 0f35435a59..5485ae20db 100644 --- a/lev/13/48.md +++ b/lev/13/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # or anything woven or knitted This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "or anything that someone has woven or knitted" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/49.md b/lev/13/49.md index cd8bdd682f..581d74ecc3 100644 --- a/lev/13/49.md +++ b/lev/13/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it must be shown to the priest This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the owner must show it to a priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/50.md b/lev/13/50.md index ad3ebfa1c3..e965c1a89c 100644 --- a/lev/13/50.md +++ b/lev/13/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven days "7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/51.md b/lev/13/51.md index c72ebfe921..2262471c16 100644 --- a/lev/13/51.md +++ b/lev/13/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "anything in which # the item is unclean Something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/52.md b/lev/13/52.md index 124540678f..53274ad32a 100644 --- a/lev/13/52.md +++ b/lev/13/52.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The leprosy could cause disease in a person who comes in contact with the item. # The item must be completely burned up This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "He must burn the item completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/53.md b/lev/13/53.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/13/53.md +++ b/lev/13/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/13/54.md b/lev/13/54.md index f82bd11403..b46b8f6fe4 100644 --- a/lev/13/54.md +++ b/lev/13/54.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "in which they fou # leprosy Here this probably refers to mildew. See how you translated this word in [Leviticus 13:47](../13/47.md). - diff --git a/lev/13/55.md b/lev/13/55.md index e38d488a12..cbb86400a7 100644 --- a/lev/13/55.md +++ b/lev/13/55.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch is spoken of as # You must burn the item Here "you" does not refer to the priest specifically. It just means someone must burn the object. - diff --git a/lev/13/56.md b/lev/13/56.md index bd1a03dbc7..ed747ebf83 100644 --- a/lev/13/56.md +++ b/lev/13/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after it was washed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "after the owner washed it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/57.md b/lev/13/57.md index cbb0042904..1e59b6c92d 100644 --- a/lev/13/57.md +++ b/lev/13/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must burn Here "you" does not refer to the priest specifically. It just means someone must burn the item. - diff --git a/lev/13/58.md b/lev/13/58.md index 9453e898e5..0487208dff 100644 --- a/lev/13/58.md +++ b/lev/13/58.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "then the owner mu # it will be clean Something that God has declared to be fit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/59.md b/lev/13/59.md index 34ef362568..d6625adc58 100644 --- a/lev/13/59.md +++ b/lev/13/59.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this probably refers to mildew. See how you translated this word in [Leviti # clean or unclean Something that God has declared to be fit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically clean and something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/13/intro.md b/lev/13/intro.md index 3f378d0174..ed39e01842 100644 --- a/lev/13/intro.md +++ b/lev/13/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Leviticus 13 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Skin disease +### Skin disease This chapter addresses the ways a priest was to decide if a person had a skin disease, which would make a person unclean. This was important because these diseases could have easily spread among the people in the ancient Near East. This is also true concerning things growing on clothing or things that touch a person's skin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter addresses the ways a priest was to decide if a person had a skin di * __[Leviticus 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/14/01.md b/lev/14/01.md index 4a45894643..3fc2d0aed9 100644 --- a/lev/14/01.md +++ b/lev/14/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh tells Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone is cleansed of a skin disease. - diff --git a/lev/14/02.md b/lev/14/02.md index 8ff78cabcb..a99cc83fb1 100644 --- a/lev/14/02.md +++ b/lev/14/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the day on which the priest declares the person to be ritually cl # He must be brought to the priest This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone must bring him to the priest" or "He must go to the priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/03.md b/lev/14/03.md index eada30bdca..5dfa96f776 100644 --- a/lev/14/03.md +++ b/lev/14/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone is # leprosy See how you translated this word in [Leviticus 13:3](../13/03.md). - diff --git a/lev/14/04.md b/lev/14/04.md index a38b7ce122..9de4f8c7a2 100644 --- a/lev/14/04.md +++ b/lev/14/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Birds that God allowed the people to eat and offer as sacrifices are spoken of a # hyssop an herb with a pleasant smell that was used for medicine (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/05.md b/lev/14/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/05.md +++ b/lev/14/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/06.md b/lev/14/06.md index fa3bdbe555..a482725417 100644 --- a/lev/14/06.md +++ b/lev/14/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone is # the bird that was killed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the bird that the person killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/07.md b/lev/14/07.md index eee3c76b0e..e8af93c9e1 100644 --- a/lev/14/07.md +++ b/lev/14/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the person he is # the priest will pronounce him to be clean The person whom other people may touch and who is acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/08.md b/lev/14/08.md index 731d7b7e3a..7da0e610d5 100644 --- a/lev/14/08.md +++ b/lev/14/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "The person whom t # then he will be clean The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/09.md b/lev/14/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/09.md +++ b/lev/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/10.md b/lev/14/10.md index 3074f2b415..1040520b82 100644 --- a/lev/14/10.md +++ b/lev/14/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ One ephah is 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) # log One log is 0.31 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/11.md b/lev/14/11.md index 2262edb07e..0c7557d775 100644 --- a/lev/14/11.md +++ b/lev/14/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The priest would tell the person to stand before the Yahweh and he would set all # the person who is to be cleansed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the person he is cleansing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/12.md b/lev/14/12.md index ef89b06908..06d6effb0b 100644 --- a/lev/14/12.md +++ b/lev/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # log One log is 0.31 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/13.md b/lev/14/13.md index cd21920026..6e84f3af48 100644 --- a/lev/14/13.md +++ b/lev/14/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the area of the tabernacle This phrase clarifies the previous phrase and further defines where the priest was to kill the lamb. - diff --git a/lev/14/14.md b/lev/14/14.md index 5c558d3e4a..9347ed00c3 100644 --- a/lev/14/14.md +++ b/lev/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the person who is to be cleansed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the person he is cleansing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/15.md b/lev/14/15.md index ef89b06908..06d6effb0b 100644 --- a/lev/14/15.md +++ b/lev/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # log One log is 0.31 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/16.md b/lev/14/16.md index ca0312aa7e..66c0f15992 100644 --- a/lev/14/16.md +++ b/lev/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sprinkle some of the oil ... before Yahweh "sprinkle some of the oil ... in Yahweh's presence." There is no indication of what the priest sprinkled the oil on. - diff --git a/lev/14/17.md b/lev/14/17.md index 57ef64fe9f..04db2ae26d 100644 --- a/lev/14/17.md +++ b/lev/14/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the person to be cleansed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the person whom he is cleansing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/18.md b/lev/14/18.md index d93e8525fe..9ec5d615de 100644 --- a/lev/14/18.md +++ b/lev/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before Yahweh "in Yahweh's presence" - diff --git a/lev/14/19.md b/lev/14/19.md index 9ba2a6fba2..20c34ea2d0 100644 --- a/lev/14/19.md +++ b/lev/14/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # him who is to be cleansed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the person he is cleansing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/20.md b/lev/14/20.md index b000b0b85b..bb8cef52ff 100644 --- a/lev/14/20.md +++ b/lev/14/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will be clean The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/21.md b/lev/14/21.md index f4d0ab39ef..d7d8ad7416 100644 --- a/lev/14/21.md +++ b/lev/14/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ One-tenth of an ephah is 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume # log One log is 0.31 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/22.md b/lev/14/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/22.md +++ b/lev/14/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/23.md b/lev/14/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/23.md +++ b/lev/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/24.md b/lev/14/24.md index ef89b06908..06d6effb0b 100644 --- a/lev/14/24.md +++ b/lev/14/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # log One log is 0.31 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/25.md b/lev/14/25.md index 48339942f9..e6c225b208 100644 --- a/lev/14/25.md +++ b/lev/14/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who is to be cleansed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one he is cleansing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/26.md b/lev/14/26.md index 3d53cc765e..5b73cb3317 100644 --- a/lev/14/26.md +++ b/lev/14/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone is cleansed of a skin disease. - diff --git a/lev/14/27.md b/lev/14/27.md index bb9c4cb1e0..dfab4e546c 100644 --- a/lev/14/27.md +++ b/lev/14/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sprinkle ... some of the oil ... before Yahweh "sprinkle ... some of the oil ... in Yahweh's presence." There is no indication of what the priest sprinkled the oil on. - diff --git a/lev/14/28.md b/lev/14/28.md index 48339942f9..e6c225b208 100644 --- a/lev/14/28.md +++ b/lev/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who is to be cleansed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one he is cleansing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/29.md b/lev/14/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/29.md +++ b/lev/14/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/30.md b/lev/14/30.md index 1f2400558c..24f52eb462 100644 --- a/lev/14/30.md +++ b/lev/14/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He must offer "The priest must offer" - diff --git a/lev/14/31.md b/lev/14/31.md index 48339942f9..e6c225b208 100644 --- a/lev/14/31.md +++ b/lev/14/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who is to be cleansed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one he is cleansing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/32.md b/lev/14/32.md index 6ca02b65da..5e0d77be8e 100644 --- a/lev/14/32.md +++ b/lev/14/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Leviticus 13:3](../13/03.md). # who is not able to afford Translate this so it is clear that the person does not have enough money to purchase a standard offering. Alternate translation: "who does not have enough money to buy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/33.md b/lev/14/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/33.md +++ b/lev/14/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/34.md b/lev/14/34.md index 60c1ea770e..2805e538f8 100644 --- a/lev/14/34.md +++ b/lev/14/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this probably refers to mildew. See how you translated this word in [Leviti # in the land of your possession The word "possession" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "in the land that you possess" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/35.md b/lev/14/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/35.md +++ b/lev/14/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/36.md b/lev/14/36.md index 35edc18562..c63e275b40 100644 --- a/lev/14/36.md +++ b/lev/14/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Once the priest declared the house to be unclean, everything in the house became # the house will be made unclean The house that Yahweh has stated is unfit for people to touch or live in is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/37.md b/lev/14/37.md index 4c4be5f505..a2e56cdf40 100644 --- a/lev/14/37.md +++ b/lev/14/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the depressions in the wall's surface This means the priest is to determine whether mildew has gone deeper that just the surface of the walls. - diff --git a/lev/14/38.md b/lev/14/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/38.md +++ b/lev/14/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/39.md b/lev/14/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/39.md +++ b/lev/14/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/40.md b/lev/14/40.md index 9577d6ae43..d025e73d61 100644 --- a/lev/14/40.md +++ b/lev/14/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this probably refers to mildew. See how you translated this word in [Leviti # an unclean place A place that is unfit for people to occupy or to be used for God's purposes is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/41.md b/lev/14/41.md index 7ecd8fe0a3..f30dadedc5 100644 --- a/lev/14/41.md +++ b/lev/14/41.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the material with mildew on it. This can be translated in active # the unclean place A place that is unfit for people to occupy or to be used for God's purposes is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/42.md b/lev/14/42.md index c0c6e244b0..0c09b81273 100644 --- a/lev/14/42.md +++ b/lev/14/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the stones that t # they must use new clay to plaster the house "they must cover the stones with new clay" - diff --git a/lev/14/43.md b/lev/14/43.md index e80c0aac12..3f8a18052e 100644 --- a/lev/14/43.md +++ b/lev/14/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the house ... then replastered This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "in the house after the owner takes away the stones, scrapes the walls, and covers the new stones with clay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/44.md b/lev/14/44.md index 9b0bb20408..c282a19c0b 100644 --- a/lev/14/44.md +++ b/lev/14/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house is unclean A house that is unfit for people to occupy is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/45.md b/lev/14/45.md index ad3834a592..05007da376 100644 --- a/lev/14/45.md +++ b/lev/14/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "They must tear th # The stones, timber, and all the plaster in the house must be carried away This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "They must carry away the stones, timber, and all the plaster in the house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/46.md b/lev/14/46.md index d70d8b4a0e..0d62759d11 100644 --- a/lev/14/46.md +++ b/lev/14/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person whom other people may not touch and who is not acceptable for God's pur # until evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/14/47.md b/lev/14/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/47.md +++ b/lev/14/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/48.md b/lev/14/48.md index 8bee477911..e98f097a34 100644 --- a/lev/14/48.md +++ b/lev/14/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the owner put new # he will pronounce the house clean A place that is fit for people to occupy is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/49.md b/lev/14/49.md index 9fdd5270e2..755a8a1e33 100644 --- a/lev/14/49.md +++ b/lev/14/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cedar wood, and scarlet yarn, and hyssop See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 14:4](../14/04.md). - diff --git a/lev/14/50.md b/lev/14/50.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/14/50.md +++ b/lev/14/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/14/51.md b/lev/14/51.md index beb3c7a293..0330c1c9a6 100644 --- a/lev/14/51.md +++ b/lev/14/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the blood of the killed bird This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the blood of the bird that he killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/52.md b/lev/14/52.md index 02c890eeb2..2c015c5a61 100644 --- a/lev/14/52.md +++ b/lev/14/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will cleanse the house "The priest will make the house ritually clean" - diff --git a/lev/14/53.md b/lev/14/53.md index 7e0d285cd6..88c32645b6 100644 --- a/lev/14/53.md +++ b/lev/14/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it will be clean A house that is fit for people to occupy is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/54.md b/lev/14/54.md index 2312339d94..3f31c42a2a 100644 --- a/lev/14/54.md +++ b/lev/14/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # leprosy See how you translated this word in [Leviticus 13:3](../13/03.md). - diff --git a/lev/14/55.md b/lev/14/55.md index b2beecebe3..37b189cd4a 100644 --- a/lev/14/55.md +++ b/lev/14/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # leprosy Here this probably refers to mildew. See how you translated this word in [Leviticus 13:47](../13/47.md). - diff --git a/lev/14/56.md b/lev/14/56.md index 6a46e45ecc..823e24beb7 100644 --- a/lev/14/56.md +++ b/lev/14/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rash See how you translated this word in [Leviticus 13:6](../13/06.md). - diff --git a/lev/14/57.md b/lev/14/57.md index f13f52b64d..428ae97145 100644 --- a/lev/14/57.md +++ b/lev/14/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # unclean or ... clean People and items that other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean, and those which people may touch are spoken of as if they were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/14/intro.md b/lev/14/intro.md index 9d7ae5290b..fe986e8cb5 100644 --- a/lev/14/intro.md +++ b/lev/14/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Leviticus 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter. +This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Skin disease and mildew +### Skin disease and mildew This chapter addresses the ways a priest was to decide if a person had a skin disease, which would make a person unclean. This was important because these diseases could have easily spread among the people in the ancient Near East. This was also true for the things which could have touched a person's skin. This chapter explains how the priest was to treat the person suffering with a skin disease. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter addresses the ways a priest was to decide if a person had a skin di * __[Leviticus 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/15/01.md b/lev/15/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/15/01.md +++ b/lev/15/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/15/02.md b/lev/15/02.md index 12ae4371da..5935490c1f 100644 --- a/lev/15/02.md +++ b/lev/15/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the man's private parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemis # he becomes unclean The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/03.md b/lev/15/03.md index 19bd4f09ae..d9a92dbfa7 100644 --- a/lev/15/03.md +++ b/lev/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is unclean "his body is unclean" or "he is unclean" - diff --git a/lev/15/04.md b/lev/15/04.md index 6a76514dd9..9e1696bc2d 100644 --- a/lev/15/04.md +++ b/lev/15/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # unclean The bed or anything that the man sits on that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/05.md b/lev/15/05.md index c804a9c082..852e7df9df 100644 --- a/lev/15/05.md +++ b/lev/15/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically # until evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/15/06.md b/lev/15/06.md index 67e8e4fc7d..99e655600b 100644 --- a/lev/15/06.md +++ b/lev/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically # until evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/15/07.md b/lev/15/07.md index e104fe76f7..667f8c4d12 100644 --- a/lev/15/07.md +++ b/lev/15/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who touches the body "who touches any part of the body" - diff --git a/lev/15/08.md b/lev/15/08.md index 702bca2e03..71ac9b536c 100644 --- a/lev/15/08.md +++ b/lev/15/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically cle # he will be unclean The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/09.md b/lev/15/09.md index 9748294a30..6590dbfeac 100644 --- a/lev/15/09.md +++ b/lev/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A saddle is a leather seat that a person puts on the back of a horse in order to # Any saddle ... will be unclean Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to touch is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/10.md b/lev/15/10.md index 19f8bb5074..f3cb84d7ad 100644 --- a/lev/15/10.md +++ b/lev/15/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically # until evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/15/11.md b/lev/15/11.md index 3a1d40771e..a886441219 100644 --- a/lev/15/11.md +++ b/lev/15/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Anyone the man with the discharge touches "Anyone the person with the infected flow touches" - diff --git a/lev/15/12.md b/lev/15/12.md index f580c65d0b..8698e0d7a0 100644 --- a/lev/15/12.md +++ b/lev/15/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone must brea # every container of wood must be rinsed in water This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone must rinse every wooden container in water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/13.md b/lev/15/13.md index b6a750eb21..b015657f46 100644 --- a/lev/15/13.md +++ b/lev/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The man recovering from his sickness is spoken of as if he becomes physically cl # Then he will be clean The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/14.md b/lev/15/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/15/14.md +++ b/lev/15/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/15/15.md b/lev/15/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/15/15.md +++ b/lev/15/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/15/16.md b/lev/15/16.md index 453c3b7fa6..efc423edf4 100644 --- a/lev/15/16.md +++ b/lev/15/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People and objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they wer # until evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/15/17.md b/lev/15/17.md index f5b3193cf4..1b5d21be49 100644 --- a/lev/15/17.md +++ b/lev/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Every garment ... must be washed with water This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone must wash with water every garment or leather on which there is semen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/18.md b/lev/15/18.md index d824eae496..c55a2b5be8 100644 --- a/lev/15/18.md +++ b/lev/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ -# man lies with a woman +# man lies with a woman This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "man has sexual relations with a woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/19.md b/lev/15/19.md index 24b2412909..dc00a01c46 100644 --- a/lev/15/19.md +++ b/lev/15/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word refers to the time when blood flows from a woman's womb. # will be unclean People and objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/20.md b/lev/15/20.md index 90bcb43bcd..e7e7c4d051 100644 --- a/lev/15/20.md +++ b/lev/15/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her period These words refer to the time when blood flows from a woman's womb. - diff --git a/lev/15/21.md b/lev/15/21.md index 2b6701b247..484614bfdb 100644 --- a/lev/15/21.md +++ b/lev/15/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically # until evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/15/22.md b/lev/15/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/15/22.md +++ b/lev/15/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/15/23.md b/lev/15/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/15/23.md +++ b/lev/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/15/24.md b/lev/15/24.md index d773d9111c..e2f1c54901 100644 --- a/lev/15/24.md +++ b/lev/15/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other # will be unclean People and objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/25.md b/lev/15/25.md index b53712ef4c..2855beb8ab 100644 --- a/lev/15/25.md +++ b/lev/15/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that if the woman bleeds from her womb at any time other than her reg # She is unclean People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/26.md b/lev/15/26.md index 4f3198b707..cfd67c5d77 100644 --- a/lev/15/26.md +++ b/lev/15/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everything on which she sits will be unclean Objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/27.md b/lev/15/27.md index 7df8596135..6f11268710 100644 --- a/lev/15/27.md +++ b/lev/15/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whoever touches ... will be unclean People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/28.md b/lev/15/28.md index d6d8ef8f54..953483fe47 100644 --- a/lev/15/28.md +++ b/lev/15/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The woman recovering from her bleeding is spoken of as if she becomes physically # she will be clean The woman whom other people may touch is spoken of as if she were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/29.md b/lev/15/29.md index 9bbcb2d3b2..dc68d460a6 100644 --- a/lev/15/29.md +++ b/lev/15/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she will take to her "she will take for herself" - diff --git a/lev/15/30.md b/lev/15/30.md index baf609829d..e1da29b2b9 100644 --- a/lev/15/30.md +++ b/lev/15/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # her unclean flow of blood "her flow of blood that makes her unclean" - diff --git a/lev/15/31.md b/lev/15/31.md index be1402e77f..646489c322 100644 --- a/lev/15/31.md +++ b/lev/15/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of preventing the people from becoming unclean as if it were keepi # their uncleanness People whom other people may not touch and who are not acceptable for God's purposes are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/32.md b/lev/15/32.md index 75f6febd0d..b6eaa5b966 100644 --- a/lev/15/32.md +++ b/lev/15/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # makes him unclean People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/33.md b/lev/15/33.md index f5d2eb2182..146c2cc1ad 100644 --- a/lev/15/33.md +++ b/lev/15/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically # who lies with This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: "who has sexual relations with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/lev/15/intro.md b/lev/15/intro.md index e9bdbf8717..17d6ee772a 100644 --- a/lev/15/intro.md +++ b/lev/15/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Leviticus 15 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Bodily fluid -#### Bodily fluid This chapter discusses fluids that come out of the body. These fluids caused a person to be unclean because of their potential to cause diseases. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) -#### Cleanliness +### Cleanliness + While these rules about cleanliness are intended to benefit the Israelites and promote their health, they also were about making Israel into a separate and holy nation, different from the rest of the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ While these rules about cleanliness are intended to benefit the Israelites and p * __[Leviticus 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/16/01.md b/lev/16/01.md index 14f5e42155..c8c7621df4 100644 --- a/lev/16/01.md +++ b/lev/16/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Aaron's two sons This refers to Nadab and Abihu. They died because they brought fire to Yahweh that he did not approve ([Leviticus 10:1-2](../10/01.md)). - diff --git a/lev/16/02.md b/lev/16/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/16/02.md +++ b/lev/16/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/16/03.md b/lev/16/03.md index 206401a993..7763489451 100644 --- a/lev/16/03.md +++ b/lev/16/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So here is how "This is how" - diff --git a/lev/16/04.md b/lev/16/04.md index 8cbe416df7..b879e48e56 100644 --- a/lev/16/04.md +++ b/lev/16/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a piece of cloth that ties around the waist or chest # turban head covering made from wrapped strips of cloth - diff --git a/lev/16/05.md b/lev/16/05.md index 3b99d94901..b6154bcc6f 100644 --- a/lev/16/05.md +++ b/lev/16/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the assembly "from the congregation" - diff --git a/lev/16/06.md b/lev/16/06.md index 5e1d103dd2..d3d758cf5e 100644 --- a/lev/16/06.md +++ b/lev/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sin offering, which will be for himself "the sin offering for himself" - diff --git a/lev/16/07.md b/lev/16/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/16/07.md +++ b/lev/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/16/08.md b/lev/16/08.md index 7427c173b8..be96c8fea3 100644 --- a/lev/16/08.md +++ b/lev/16/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the scapegoat "the goat that is sent away." Aaron was to have someone set the goat free in the wilderness. - diff --git a/lev/16/09.md b/lev/16/09.md index 8c5eb676cb..1f1ef54d26 100644 --- a/lev/16/09.md +++ b/lev/16/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on which the lot fell "which the lot designated" - diff --git a/lev/16/10.md b/lev/16/10.md index 4181c51abb..790f396c8f 100644 --- a/lev/16/10.md +++ b/lev/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But the goat ... must be brought alive before Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But Aaron must bring the goat ... alive before Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/16/11.md b/lev/16/11.md index 4dbc2a7dc8..8fbb270ec1 100644 --- a/lev/16/11.md +++ b/lev/16/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what Aaron must do on the Day of Atonement. # he must kill the bull Aaron would catch the blood of the bull in a bowl so he could later sprinkle it on the atonement lid. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/16/12.md b/lev/16/12.md index 0b8bc03c0d..5ed021c041 100644 --- a/lev/16/12.md +++ b/lev/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a container for fire and incense, used by the priests # sweet incense "sweet-smelling incense." This refers to the smell and not to the taste of the incense. - diff --git a/lev/16/13.md b/lev/16/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/16/13.md +++ b/lev/16/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/16/14.md b/lev/16/14.md index 3c10538348..dfcb3270d8 100644 --- a/lev/16/14.md +++ b/lev/16/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ He put the blood on the top part of the lid. He also put it on the side of the l # before the atonement lid Possible meanings are 1) "below the atonement lid onto the chest" or 2) "onto the ground in front of the atonement lid." - diff --git a/lev/16/15.md b/lev/16/15.md index 153c25f345..432d55f218 100644 --- a/lev/16/15.md +++ b/lev/16/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what Aaron must do on the Day of Atonement. # He must sprinkle it on the atonement lid and then before the atonement lid Aaron sprinkled the blood in the same manner that he did with the bull's blood. See how you translated the previous instructions in [Leviticus 16:14](../16/14.md). - diff --git a/lev/16/16.md b/lev/16/16.md index 2c68b2f063..bce8f40eae 100644 --- a/lev/16/16.md +++ b/lev/16/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Sinful actions which make people unacceptable to Yahweh are spoken of as if they # in the presence of their unclean actions The phrase "their unclean actions" represents the people who commit sinful actions. Alternate translation: "in the presence of people who commit sinful actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/16/17.md b/lev/16/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/16/17.md +++ b/lev/16/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/16/18.md b/lev/16/18.md index f6677d957f..804b9de38e 100644 --- a/lev/16/18.md +++ b/lev/16/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Like the holy place and tent of meeting, the altar is unclean because of the sin # horns of the altar "the projections at the corners of the altar." This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 4:7](../04/07.md). - diff --git a/lev/16/19.md b/lev/16/19.md index e892bbc255..a6bcb18064 100644 --- a/lev/16/19.md +++ b/lev/16/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The altar being dedicated to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were physically separa # the unclean actions Sinful actions which make people unacceptable to Yahweh are spoken of as if they were physically unclean actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/16/20.md b/lev/16/20.md index ac6ac63d77..ddd8b83a6e 100644 --- a/lev/16/20.md +++ b/lev/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he must present the live goat This goat is called the scapegoat in verse [Leviticus 16:10](../16/10.md). - diff --git a/lev/16/21.md b/lev/16/21.md index be96509e74..68c409cd89 100644 --- a/lev/16/21.md +++ b/lev/16/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Aaron's actions here were a symbolic transfer of the people's sin to the goat as # evil deeds ... rebellion ... sins These all mean basically the same thing. Aaron is confessing every kind of sin that the people committed. - diff --git a/lev/16/22.md b/lev/16/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/16/22.md +++ b/lev/16/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/16/23.md b/lev/16/23.md index 2d31b2a306..779f85e2f9 100644 --- a/lev/16/23.md +++ b/lev/16/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # take off the linen garments These were the special garments Aaron wore only when he entered the most holy place. - diff --git a/lev/16/24.md b/lev/16/24.md index 1bf03262c0..7fb2ba94d2 100644 --- a/lev/16/24.md +++ b/lev/16/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "holy place" does not refer to the tent of meeting. This was a different pl # put on his normal garments These are the clothes that Aaron wore for his ordinary duties. - diff --git a/lev/16/25.md b/lev/16/25.md index ebb152611a..695f263097 100644 --- a/lev/16/25.md +++ b/lev/16/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He must burn "Aaron must burn" - diff --git a/lev/16/26.md b/lev/16/26.md index c77d1b7bb4..6f22692bd6 100644 --- a/lev/16/26.md +++ b/lev/16/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The man was unclean because of his contact with the scapegoat, which carried the # scapegoat "the goat that is sent away." See how you translated this in [Leviticus 16:8](../16/08.md). - diff --git a/lev/16/27.md b/lev/16/27.md index 53f297eb22..8ab7bfc589 100644 --- a/lev/16/27.md +++ b/lev/16/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone must carr # their hides "their skins." Here "their" refers to the bull and the goat. - diff --git a/lev/16/28.md b/lev/16/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/16/28.md +++ b/lev/16/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/16/29.md b/lev/16/29.md index b734ec607d..ede59a4968 100644 --- a/lev/16/29.md +++ b/lev/16/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of September on the western calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/lev/16/30.md b/lev/16/30.md index e0e2cf8cac..325a0c3b68 100644 --- a/lev/16/30.md +++ b/lev/16/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Aaron will make a # to cleanse you ... so you will be clean People who are acceptable for God's purposes are spoken of as if they were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/16/31.md b/lev/16/31.md index 9faea7cb29..5ba1f3915b 100644 --- a/lev/16/31.md +++ b/lev/16/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is a solemn Sabbath of rest for you This is not the same as the Sabbath they observed every week on the seventh day. This was a special Sabbath on the Day of Atonement. - diff --git a/lev/16/32.md b/lev/16/32.md index cb7d75393d..62c587880e 100644 --- a/lev/16/32.md +++ b/lev/16/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ When the high priest died, one of his sons would replace him. # the holy garments These are special clothes the high priest must wear when he enters the most holy place. - diff --git a/lev/16/33.md b/lev/16/33.md index 2ce41cc13f..1122221165 100644 --- a/lev/16/33.md +++ b/lev/16/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for all the people of the assembly "for all the people of Israel" - diff --git a/lev/16/34.md b/lev/16/34.md index 83f3b2526e..6ceb34877e 100644 --- a/lev/16/34.md +++ b/lev/16/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh finishes telling Moses what the people must do on the Day of Atonement. # This was done as Yahweh commanded Moses This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "And Moses did as Yahweh commanded" or "And Aaron did as Yahweh commanded Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/16/intro.md b/lev/16/intro.md index ec4024c7cb..599bb02b9b 100644 --- a/lev/16/intro.md +++ b/lev/16/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Leviticus 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Holiness -#### Holiness Because Yahweh is holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. This could only happen on a specific day, by a specific person, and only after they offered the proper sacrifice to make themselves clean. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) -#### Day of Atonement +### Day of Atonement + This chapter gives rules for what the high priest had to do on the Day of Atonement. This was the most important day in Judaism. This is when he interceded for the sins of the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ This chapter gives rules for what the high priest had to do on the Day of Atonem * __[Leviticus 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/17/01.md b/lev/17/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/17/01.md +++ b/lev/17/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/17/02.md b/lev/17/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/17/02.md +++ b/lev/17/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/17/03.md b/lev/17/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/17/03.md +++ b/lev/17/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/17/04.md b/lev/17/04.md index d0daca5800..75540f50dd 100644 --- a/lev/17/04.md +++ b/lev/17/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that man must be cut off from among his people A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: "that person may no longer live among his people" or "you must separate that person from his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/17/05.md b/lev/17/05.md index 12b1e826c4..2cd8ab5b4a 100644 --- a/lev/17/05.md +++ b/lev/17/05.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "to the priest, so # instead of offering sacrifices in an open field -The people had been offering their sacrifices in the open field. God wanted them to stop doing that. \ No newline at end of file +The people had been offering their sacrifices in the open field. God wanted them to stop doing that. diff --git a/lev/17/06.md b/lev/17/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/17/06.md +++ b/lev/17/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/17/07.md b/lev/17/07.md index e733b45c24..01f4a3f188 100644 --- a/lev/17/07.md +++ b/lev/17/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people being unfaithful to Yahweh by worshiping false gods is spoken of as i # a permanent statute for them throughout their people's generations See how you translated this phrase in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/lev/17/08.md b/lev/17/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/17/08.md +++ b/lev/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/17/09.md b/lev/17/09.md index ecdb13da19..918f8e5986 100644 --- a/lev/17/09.md +++ b/lev/17/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that man must be cut off from his people A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: "that person may no longer live among his people" or "you must separate that person from his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/17/10.md b/lev/17/10.md index ec46d1ac5d..12dc2df001 100644 --- a/lev/17/10.md +++ b/lev/17/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means he "firmly decided." Alternate translation: "I have made up my # I will cut him off from among his people A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: "I will not permit that person to live among his people any longer" or "I will separate that person from his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/17/11.md b/lev/17/11.md index 475e3472d8..34b00a4a3e 100644 --- a/lev/17/11.md +++ b/lev/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the life of an animal is in its blood ... that atones for the life This means God uses the blood to atone for the sins of the people because the blood is life. The people should not consume the blood because it has this special purpose. - diff --git a/lev/17/12.md b/lev/17/12.md index ba3a6ec9ca..173647a716 100644 --- a/lev/17/12.md +++ b/lev/17/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Yahweh. # no one among you must eat blood "no one among you may eat meat with blood in it" - diff --git a/lev/17/13.md b/lev/17/13.md index cb494b7493..971f82aabf 100644 --- a/lev/17/13.md +++ b/lev/17/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I have said # cover the blood with earth "cover the blood with dirt" - diff --git a/lev/17/14.md b/lev/17/14.md index 95e034a129..3cc3344d05 100644 --- a/lev/17/14.md +++ b/lev/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the blood is enables the creature to be alive. The full meaning # Whoever eats it must be cut off A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Whoever eats blood may no longer live among his people" or "You must separate from his people anyone who eats blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/17/15.md b/lev/17/15.md index 493daf9938..c43b58bf1a 100644 --- a/lev/17/15.md +++ b/lev/17/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically # until the evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/17/16.md b/lev/17/16.md index 5e86fa9724..30d204939f 100644 --- a/lev/17/16.md +++ b/lev/17/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then he must carry his guilt A person's guilt is spoken of as if it were a physical object that the person carries. Here the word "guilt" represents the punishment for that guilt. Alternate translation: "then he is responsible for his own guilt" or "then I will punish him for his sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/17/intro.md b/lev/17/intro.md index b9ee7d4813..9550fbc4a0 100644 --- a/lev/17/intro.md +++ b/lev/17/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Leviticus 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sacrifices -#### Sacrifices Sacrifices could only be offered by the priests at the temple. Any other sacrifice was strictly prohibited. This was probably intended to ensure that the people were only offering sacrifices to Yahweh and not to another god. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "The life of each creature is its blood" -#### "The life of each creature is its blood" It is unclear why the life is described as being in the blood. It is possible that diseases were more common in the blood and this is why it was prohibited. Blood is also necessary for life to continue in a creature. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ It is unclear why the life is described as being in the blood. It is possible th * __[Leviticus 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/18/01.md b/lev/18/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/18/01.md +++ b/lev/18/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/18/02.md b/lev/18/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/18/02.md +++ b/lev/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/18/03.md b/lev/18/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/18/03.md +++ b/lev/18/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/18/04.md b/lev/18/04.md index 0674ca8475..557f36c231 100644 --- a/lev/18/04.md +++ b/lev/18/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people mu # so that you walk in them Obeying Yahweh's commandments is spoken of as if the commandments were a path on which the person walks. Alternate translation: "so that you conduct your behavior according to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/05.md b/lev/18/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/18/05.md +++ b/lev/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/18/06.md b/lev/18/06.md index eb8ac1b9e8..3cc649618e 100644 --- a/lev/18/06.md +++ b/lev/18/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # uncover nakedness Here the idiom "uncover nakedness" means "have sexual relations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/07.md b/lev/18/07.md index a0131ddb5d..3127cea330 100644 --- a/lev/18/07.md +++ b/lev/18/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" means "disgrace." Alternate translation: # by uncovering the nakedness of your mother ... you must not uncover her nakedness Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" with someone. See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: "by having sexual relations with your mother ... you must not have sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/08.md b/lev/18/08.md index 818de7a0d4..a27318921a 100644 --- a/lev/18/08.md +++ b/lev/18/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Sometimes men had more than one wife. God did not allow a son to have sexual int # it is your father's nakedness "you disgrace your father" or "you shame your father" - diff --git a/lev/18/09.md b/lev/18/09.md index 579a40f12e..e09d8627d1 100644 --- a/lev/18/09.md +++ b/lev/18/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means a man cannot have sexual intercourse with his sister if they have the # whether she was born in your home or distant from you Another possible meaning is, "whether she grew up at your home or far away from you." - diff --git a/lev/18/10.md b/lev/18/10.md index c1286216ad..b7fa1c0368 100644 --- a/lev/18/10.md +++ b/lev/18/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" # their nakedness is your own nakedness "you will disgrace both them and yourself" or "you will shame both them and yourself" - diff --git a/lev/18/11.md b/lev/18/11.md index d27634a557..bba2eab3bd 100644 --- a/lev/18/11.md +++ b/lev/18/11.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # Do not uncover the nakedness of Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" with someone. See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: "Do not have sexual relations with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) + # your father's wife's daughter Possible meanings are 1) "your half-sister" or 2) "your stepsister." Here the man does not have the same father or mother as the woman. They became brother and sister when their parents married. - diff --git a/lev/18/12.md b/lev/18/12.md index 5fc3bc8181..3e11552ff2 100644 --- a/lev/18/12.md +++ b/lev/18/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not uncover the nakedness of Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" with someone. See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: "Do not have sexual relations with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/13.md b/lev/18/13.md index 5fc3bc8181..3e11552ff2 100644 --- a/lev/18/13.md +++ b/lev/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not uncover the nakedness of Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" with someone. See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: "Do not have sexual relations with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/14.md b/lev/18/14.md index 878056d589..f9efb4623d 100644 --- a/lev/18/14.md +++ b/lev/18/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" means "disgrace." Alternate translation: # you must not approach his wife You may have to make explicit the purpose of the approach. Alternate translation: "do not go to his wife in order to have sexual intercourse with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/15.md b/lev/18/15.md index 9623c8fba4..3d03742dbe 100644 --- a/lev/18/15.md +++ b/lev/18/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not uncover the nakedness of ... you must not uncover her nakedness Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" with someone. See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: "Do not have sexual relations with ... you must not have sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/16.md b/lev/18/16.md index 353d617374..0f7da4f6b8 100644 --- a/lev/18/16.md +++ b/lev/18/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" # that is your brother's nakedness "if you do that, you will shame your brother" - diff --git a/lev/18/17.md b/lev/18/17.md index 6047110a71..28527ab3d7 100644 --- a/lev/18/17.md +++ b/lev/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not uncover the nakedness of ... to uncover her nakedness Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" with someone. See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: "Do not have sexual relations with ... to have sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/18.md b/lev/18/18.md index 1db8c7f1ad..22c478543b 100644 --- a/lev/18/18.md +++ b/lev/18/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # uncover her nakedness Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" with someone. See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: "and have sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/19.md b/lev/18/19.md index 77ac02d6c7..1bb1e0f7fd 100644 --- a/lev/18/19.md +++ b/lev/18/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" # the impurity of her uncleanness This is the time every month when a woman bleeds from her womb. The words "impurity" and "uncleanness" both occur to emphasize how disgusting a man is to consider her nakedness at that time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/20.md b/lev/18/20.md index 265bd06db7..c04a63e8a0 100644 --- a/lev/18/20.md +++ b/lev/18/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your neighbor's wife "any man's wife" - diff --git a/lev/18/21.md b/lev/18/21.md index d8b51e7e96..886e2d05ba 100644 --- a/lev/18/21.md +++ b/lev/18/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "to pass through the fire" means to burn something with fire as a sac # you must not profane the name of your God Here the word "profane" means to dishonor. The word "name" represents God himself. Alternate translation: "you must not dishonor your God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/22.md b/lev/18/22.md index 090eadba58..376d8d27b9 100644 --- a/lev/18/22.md +++ b/lev/18/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other # that is detestable Here "detestable" refers to a violation of the natural order of things as Yahweh intended them to be. - diff --git a/lev/18/23.md b/lev/18/23.md index 9c8d9efa21..3ae2c682a9 100644 --- a/lev/18/23.md +++ b/lev/18/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to lie with it This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "to have sexual relations with it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/24.md b/lev/18/24.md index a15b37a771..eb1b74b7b3 100644 --- a/lev/18/24.md +++ b/lev/18/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the nations are defiled This refers to the people groups already living in Canaan. Translate this so the term "nations" is clarified as people. Alternate translation: "the people of the nations defiled themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/25.md b/lev/18/25.md index 2bb296cacb..43abeaf1d8 100644 --- a/lev/18/25.md +++ b/lev/18/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the land vomited out its inhabitants Yahweh forcibly removing the people from the land is spoken of as if the land were a person who vomited the people out. Alternate translation: "I forcibly removed the people from the land, like a person vomits up food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/26.md b/lev/18/26.md index f00788a87b..4f453bffbd 100644 --- a/lev/18/26.md +++ b/lev/18/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # any of these detestable things "any of these disgusting things" - diff --git a/lev/18/27.md b/lev/18/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/18/27.md +++ b/lev/18/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/18/28.md b/lev/18/28.md index 41b8a178fd..16df1ec3b9 100644 --- a/lev/18/28.md +++ b/lev/18/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so that the land does not vomit you up ... as it vomited out the people Yahweh forcibly removing the people from the land is spoken of as if the land were a person who vomited the people out. See how you translated this metaphor in [Leviticus 18:25](../18/25.md). Alternate translation: "so that I do forcibly remove you from the land ... as I forcibly removed the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/29.md b/lev/18/29.md index 8110f2da49..cb5c85d007 100644 --- a/lev/18/29.md +++ b/lev/18/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh finishes telling Moses what the people must not do. # the persons ... will be cut off from among their people People being excluded from the community is spoken of as if they had been cut off from their people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the persons ... may no longer live among their people" or "you must separate the persons ... from their people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/18/30.md b/lev/18/30.md index d5be92dfc1..5232764b4f 100644 --- a/lev/18/30.md +++ b/lev/18/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "which the people # by them Here "them" refers to the detestable customs. - diff --git a/lev/18/intro.md b/lev/18/intro.md index 929e2c70cc..d6f356b164 100644 --- a/lev/18/intro.md +++ b/lev/18/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Leviticus 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Uncovering nakedness +### Uncovering nakedness To uncover someone’s nakedness is an idiom that has two related meanings. If a man uncovers a woman’s nakedness, it means that he has sexual relations with her. If a man uncovers another man’s nakedness, it means that he shames that man by having sexual relations with that man’s wife. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ To uncover someone’s nakedness is an idiom that has two related meanings. If a * __[Leviticus 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/19/01.md b/lev/19/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/01.md +++ b/lev/19/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/02.md b/lev/19/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/02.md +++ b/lev/19/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/03.md b/lev/19/03.md index 30e5b27d4e..b1eb8e124c 100644 --- a/lev/19/03.md +++ b/lev/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # keep my Sabbaths "observe my Sabbaths" or "respect my day of rest" - diff --git a/lev/19/04.md b/lev/19/04.md index 72ba573519..65db983cdd 100644 --- a/lev/19/04.md +++ b/lev/19/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not turn to worthless idols Worshiping idols is spoken of as if it were physically turning towards them. Alternate translation: "Do not begin to worship worthless idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/05.md b/lev/19/05.md index a185a720ce..e57ff7404a 100644 --- a/lev/19/05.md +++ b/lev/19/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # you must offer it that you may be accepted This can be translated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will accept the person offering the sacrifice. Alternate translation: "you must offer it properly so that I will accept you" or 2) Yahweh will accept the sacrifice from the person. Alternate translation: "you must offer it properly so that I will accept your sacrifice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/06.md b/lev/19/06.md index 566c120ad5..81722c49d8 100644 --- a/lev/19/06.md +++ b/lev/19/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must eat it" # it must be burned This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must burn it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/07.md b/lev/19/07.md index da94d8849c..3413d30a59 100644 --- a/lev/19/07.md +++ b/lev/19/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "If you eat any of # it must not be accepted To eat the offering after the designated time is against God and increases the guilt the offering was to cover. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "You may not accept it for eating" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/08.md b/lev/19/08.md index 0352083303..b987e600dd 100644 --- a/lev/19/08.md +++ b/lev/19/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person's guilt is spoken of as if it were a physical object that the person ca # that person must be cut off from his people A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: "that person may no longer live among his people" or "you must separate that person from his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/09.md b/lev/19/09.md index c97ee70dca..7bf8b9f0a4 100644 --- a/lev/19/09.md +++ b/lev/19/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # neither will you gather all the gleanings of your harvest This refers to the practice of going back over the fields a second time to gather any produce that remained after the first time. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "and do not go back and pick up all that you left behind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/10.md b/lev/19/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/10.md +++ b/lev/19/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/11.md b/lev/19/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/11.md +++ b/lev/19/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/12.md b/lev/19/12.md index 62b3fefba5..87da0a41fa 100644 --- a/lev/19/12.md +++ b/lev/19/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not swear by my name falsely "Do not use my name to swear about something that is not true" - diff --git a/lev/19/13.md b/lev/19/13.md index 015443a34b..574ca53c5b 100644 --- a/lev/19/13.md +++ b/lev/19/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "neighbor" means "anyone." The meaning of this can be made explicit. Altern # The wages of a hired servant must not stay with you all night until the morning Yahweh commands the employer to pay his servant promptly when his work is done that day. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/14.md b/lev/19/14.md index 598459988b..483c7b2d11 100644 --- a/lev/19/14.md +++ b/lev/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # or put a stumbling block before the blind "and do not put something in front of a blind person to make him trip over it" - diff --git a/lev/19/15.md b/lev/19/15.md index e83d40c72d..5d069fe5e1 100644 --- a/lev/19/15.md +++ b/lev/19/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "poor" and "great" are two extremes, which together mean "anyone." You # judge your neighbor justly "judge everyone according to what is right" - diff --git a/lev/19/16.md b/lev/19/16.md index 901c096a2b..1ce9cd95cd 100644 --- a/lev/19/16.md +++ b/lev/19/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # slander untrue, hurtful messages about other people - diff --git a/lev/19/17.md b/lev/19/17.md index f2cda19115..91c4eb2efc 100644 --- a/lev/19/17.md +++ b/lev/19/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Continually hating a person is spoken of as if it were hating a person in the he # You should rebuke your neighbor frankly "You must correct a person who is sinning" - diff --git a/lev/19/18.md b/lev/19/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/18.md +++ b/lev/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/19.md b/lev/19/19.md index 8920c7e763..5c944773a3 100644 --- a/lev/19/19.md +++ b/lev/19/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # clothing made of two kinds of material mixed together This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "clothing that someone made from two kinds of material" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/20.md b/lev/19/20.md index ae3db59319..2176cbc4db 100644 --- a/lev/19/20.md +++ b/lev/19/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must punish t # They must not be put to death This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must not kill them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/21.md b/lev/19/21.md index db855f73b9..06052ba51b 100644 --- a/lev/19/21.md +++ b/lev/19/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A man must bring his guilt offering to Yahweh to the entrance to the tent of meeting—a ram as a guilt offering "A man must bring a ram as a guilt offering to Yahweh to the entrance of the tent of meeting" - diff --git a/lev/19/22.md b/lev/19/22.md index bb92398a57..15f87fc9e7 100644 --- a/lev/19/22.md +++ b/lev/19/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sin which he has committed will be forgiven This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive the sin which he has committed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/23.md b/lev/19/23.md index 3fc0bf47df..6503eadfc9 100644 --- a/lev/19/23.md +++ b/lev/19/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have forbidden # It must not be eaten This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must not eat it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/24.md b/lev/19/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/24.md +++ b/lev/19/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/25.md b/lev/19/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/25.md +++ b/lev/19/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/26.md b/lev/19/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/26.md +++ b/lev/19/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/27.md b/lev/19/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/27.md +++ b/lev/19/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/28.md b/lev/19/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/28.md +++ b/lev/19/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/29.md b/lev/19/29.md index c4c1a37511..5e2285f9d7 100644 --- a/lev/19/29.md +++ b/lev/19/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the nation will fall to prostitution and the land will become full of wickedness Here the words "nation" and "land" represent the people who live there. Many people practicing prostitution and other wicked deeds is spoken of as if the they have fallen into or become full of those things. Alternate translation: "the people will begin to practice prostitution and many wicked things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/30.md b/lev/19/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/30.md +++ b/lev/19/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/31.md b/lev/19/31.md index 9c1b58a153..ee2d3d73f0 100644 --- a/lev/19/31.md +++ b/lev/19/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do not seek them out, or they will defile you "Do not seek those people out. If you do, they will defile you" - diff --git a/lev/19/32.md b/lev/19/32.md index 7ec68a55b4..8cd7728ee2 100644 --- a/lev/19/32.md +++ b/lev/19/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Standing up in front of someone is a sign of respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # the gray-headed person This refers to a person whose hair has turned gray from age, or "an old person." - diff --git a/lev/19/33.md b/lev/19/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/33.md +++ b/lev/19/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/34.md b/lev/19/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/34.md +++ b/lev/19/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/35.md b/lev/19/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/19/35.md +++ b/lev/19/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/19/36.md b/lev/19/36.md index 404308797b..423418a522 100644 --- a/lev/19/36.md +++ b/lev/19/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was a measurement for grain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]] # hin This was a measurement for liquids. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/37.md b/lev/19/37.md index 5701a0e052..1800180296 100644 --- a/lev/19/37.md +++ b/lev/19/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must obey ... and do them These phrases mean the same thing and emphasize the command for obedience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/lev/19/intro.md b/lev/19/intro.md index b040e84184..9cfcd81ebd 100644 --- a/lev/19/intro.md +++ b/lev/19/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Leviticus 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Obeying Yahweh +### Obeying Yahweh Being holy meant obeying Yahweh in all matters of a person's life. It is not limited to offering correct sacrifices. The law helped to establish righteousness in a person's life, as well as justice in Israel. In Israel, these concepts are closely related. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Being holy meant obeying Yahweh in all matters of a person's life. It is not lim * __[Leviticus 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/20/01.md b/lev/20/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/20/01.md +++ b/lev/20/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/20/02.md b/lev/20/02.md index 5ca3107529..5a06eda56f 100644 --- a/lev/20/02.md +++ b/lev/20/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Those who worshiped Molech sacrificed their children to him by means of fire. Th # must certainly be put to death. The people in the land must stone him with stones This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people in the land must stone him to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/03.md b/lev/20/03.md index 2147c89425..faf2c43b3a 100644 --- a/lev/20/03.md +++ b/lev/20/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This idiom means he "firmly decided." Alternate translation: "I have made up my # profane my holy name God's name represents God and his reputation. Alternate translation: "dishonor my reputation" or "dishonor me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/04.md b/lev/20/04.md index 68058a1c70..e7b566d851 100644 --- a/lev/20/04.md +++ b/lev/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # close their eyes to The phrase "to close their eyes" implies they "cannot see." This speaks of ignoring something as not seeing. Alternate translation: "disregard" or "ignore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/05.md b/lev/20/05.md index 664ff9f0f4..cba625b92d 100644 --- a/lev/20/05.md +++ b/lev/20/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who acts like a prostitute as he did in order to act like a prostitute with Molech This phrase compares those who are unfaithful to Yahweh to prostitutes. Alternate translation: "who is unfaithful to Yahweh as he was in order to commit faithless acts with Molech" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/06.md b/lev/20/06.md index ada57fc6d0..442dcbe7c5 100644 --- a/lev/20/06.md +++ b/lev/20/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means he "firmly decided." Alternate translation: "I have made up my # will set my face against "will stare angrily at" - diff --git a/lev/20/07.md b/lev/20/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/20/07.md +++ b/lev/20/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/20/08.md b/lev/20/08.md index 5ec3c5e453..10d6eb6222 100644 --- a/lev/20/08.md +++ b/lev/20/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # You must keep my commands and carry them out The words "keep" and "carry out" mean basically the same thing. They are used together in order to emphasize that the people must obey God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/09.md b/lev/20/09.md index e8ed96fc70..58d35b4531 100644 --- a/lev/20/09.md +++ b/lev/20/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must surely p # his blood is upon him The word "blood" here is a metonym for the guilt of putting someone to a violent death. Alternate translation: "the guilt for his violent death is his alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/10.md b/lev/20/10.md index 1d50756529..c364c8e158 100644 --- a/lev/20/10.md +++ b/lev/20/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # certainly be put to death This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must certainly put both of them to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/11.md b/lev/20/11.md index a356ac3f59..6e09473aa7 100644 --- a/lev/20/11.md +++ b/lev/20/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the idiom "uncovers ... nakedness" means "disgraces." See how you translate # Their blood is upon them The word "blood" here is a metonym for the guilt of putting someone to a violent death. See how you translated similar words in [Leviticus 19:9](../19/09.md). Alternate translation: "the guilt for their violent death is theirs alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/12.md b/lev/20/12.md index d01264d430..fae014bfa4 100644 --- a/lev/20/12.md +++ b/lev/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # lies with + This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "has sexual relations with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) # They have committed perversion @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ Here God calls a man having sex with his son's wife a "perversion", a serious si # Their blood is upon them The word "blood" here is a metonym for the guilt of putting someone to a violent death. See how you translated similar words in [Leviticus 19:9](../19/09.md). Alternate translation: "the guilt for their violent death is theirs alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/13.md b/lev/20/13.md index b380d5f5ac..4dadfd082e 100644 --- a/lev/20/13.md +++ b/lev/20/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must surely p # Their blood is upon them The word "blood" here is a metonym for the guilt of putting someone to a violent death. See how you translated similar words in [Leviticus 19:9](../19/09.md). Alternate translation: "the guilt for their violent death is theirs alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/14.md b/lev/20/14.md index ec02038857..4bd5fd4aae 100644 --- a/lev/20/14.md +++ b/lev/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They must be burned, both he and the women This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must burn to death both the man and the women" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/15.md b/lev/20/15.md index d9097b90a3..1b5f5b6df5 100644 --- a/lev/20/15.md +++ b/lev/20/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "has sexual relations with" (See: [[ # he must surely be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must surely put him to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/16.md b/lev/20/16.md index b579e98b18..7d61ed239c 100644 --- a/lev/20/16.md +++ b/lev/20/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must certainly pu # Their blood is upon them The word "blood" here is a metonym for the guilt of putting someone to a violent death. See how you translated similar words in [Leviticus 19:9](../19/09.md). Alternate translation: "the guilt for their violent death is theirs alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/17.md b/lev/20/17.md index 58403dfdfe..e451ff8f96 100644 --- a/lev/20/17.md +++ b/lev/20/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" # he must carry his guilt This phrase means the man is responsibile for his sin. Alternate translation: "He is responsible for his sin" or "You must punish him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/18.md b/lev/20/18.md index 52ae58b2d9..e57ce81873 100644 --- a/lev/20/18.md +++ b/lev/20/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "a man has sexual relations with a w # Both the man and woman must be cut off It can be stated clearly why this must be done. Alternate translation: "Because they have done this shameful thing, both the man and woman must be cut off" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/19.md b/lev/20/19.md index 13efa22dbb..9fb8acbd03 100644 --- a/lev/20/19.md +++ b/lev/20/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the idiom "uncover the nakedness" of someone means "have sexual relations" # You must carry your own guilt The idiom "carry your own guilt" means "you are responsible for your own sin." Alternate translation: "You are responsible for your sin" or "I will punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/20.md b/lev/20/20.md index a6404a3943..7868829e42 100644 --- a/lev/20/20.md +++ b/lev/20/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other # he has uncovered his uncle's nakedness Here the idiom "uncovers ... nakedness" means "disgraces." See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:7](../18/07.md). Alternate translation: "he has disgraced his uncle" or "he has shamed his uncle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/21.md b/lev/20/21.md index 390cc6bae8..d028a96d44 100644 --- a/lev/20/21.md +++ b/lev/20/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some interpret this to apply only when the brother is still alive or has become # He has uncovered his brother's nakedness Here the idiom "uncovered ... nakedness" means "disgraced." See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:7](../18/07.md). Alternate translation: "He has disgraced his brother" or "He has shamed his brother" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/22.md b/lev/20/22.md index 584fa41dff..e77b314f30 100644 --- a/lev/20/22.md +++ b/lev/20/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land into which I am bringing you to live will not vomit you up This phrase describes the land as a vomiting person who needs to reject bad food. Instead of rejecting bad food, the land rejects the people and removes them. See how you translated this metaphor in [Leviticus 18:25](../18/25.md). Alternate translation: "the land to which I am bringing you will not reject you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/23.md b/lev/20/23.md index c914d1e36c..483e1f612d 100644 --- a/lev/20/23.md +++ b/lev/20/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ or "the customs" # drive out "remove" - diff --git a/lev/20/24.md b/lev/20/24.md index c406d57fb3..3b72dfb250 100644 --- a/lev/20/24.md +++ b/lev/20/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a land flowing with milk and honey The phrase "flowing with milk and honey" means "that is rich and productive with enough food for everyone." Alternate translation: "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" or "a productive land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/25.md b/lev/20/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/20/25.md +++ b/lev/20/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/20/26.md b/lev/20/26.md index c405edb93f..907acc43e0 100644 --- a/lev/20/26.md +++ b/lev/20/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have separated you "I have distinguished you" or "I have set you apart" - diff --git a/lev/20/27.md b/lev/20/27.md index adeb71a27d..02544bf919 100644 --- a/lev/20/27.md +++ b/lev/20/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they must certainly p # Their blood is upon them The word "blood" here is a metonym for the guilt of putting someone to a violent death. See how you translated similar words in [Leviticus 19:9](../19/09.md). Alternate translation: "the guilt for their violent death is theirs alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/20/intro.md b/lev/20/intro.md index 670011e254..a875d63759 100644 --- a/lev/20/intro.md +++ b/lev/20/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Leviticus 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Punishments for serious sins +### Punishments for serious sins This chapter compiles a list of serious sins. The most serious sins are punished by death. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### See each other's nakedness +### See each other's nakedness For a man and a woman to see each other's nakedness means for them have sexual relations together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) -#### Carry guilt +### Carry guilt + The phrase "you must carry your own guilt" is a metaphor. It is unknown what this means, but it is possible it indicates a penalty of death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "you must carry your own guilt" is a metaphor. It is unknown what thi * __[Leviticus 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/21/01.md b/lev/21/01.md index 56e0d48943..bc18031f9d 100644 --- a/lev/21/01.md +++ b/lev/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person # among his people "among the Israelites" - diff --git a/lev/21/02.md b/lev/21/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/21/02.md +++ b/lev/21/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/21/03.md b/lev/21/03.md index 4253f1e1b8..aad9976a6c 100644 --- a/lev/21/03.md +++ b/lev/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # virgin This can also be translated as "young woman" - diff --git a/lev/21/04.md b/lev/21/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/21/04.md +++ b/lev/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/21/05.md b/lev/21/05.md index 8e29d1e186..a8951eb7a4 100644 --- a/lev/21/05.md +++ b/lev/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # shave off the corners of their beards It is impossible to be certain what the writer intended here. Possible meanings are 1) shave off certain parts of their beards or 2) cut or shave any part of their beards. - diff --git a/lev/21/06.md b/lev/21/06.md index 959db77faf..b51266b199 100644 --- a/lev/21/06.md +++ b/lev/21/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word "name" is used to represent Yahweh's character. Alternate translation: # the bread of their God Here "bread" represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offerings. It is the sincerity of those offering the food that pleases God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/07.md b/lev/21/07.md index fb5f94b0bc..1d7f9b3542 100644 --- a/lev/21/07.md +++ b/lev/21/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he is holy The understood subject is any priest. Alternate translation: "they are holy" or "all priests are holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/08.md b/lev/21/08.md index d72c1e93d3..528048c9db 100644 --- a/lev/21/08.md +++ b/lev/21/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "bread" represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offe # He must be holy to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must regard him as holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/09.md b/lev/21/09.md index b300031179..b557c16d8d 100644 --- a/lev/21/09.md +++ b/lev/21/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She must be burned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must burn her to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/10.md b/lev/21/10.md index d5b3271d90..944d464f9c 100644 --- a/lev/21/10.md +++ b/lev/21/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "on whose head they po # must not wear his hair loose or tear his clothes Loose hair and torn clothes were signs of mourning. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/11.md b/lev/21/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/21/11.md +++ b/lev/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/21/12.md b/lev/21/12.md index ba86572ff5..f979988d48 100644 --- a/lev/21/12.md +++ b/lev/21/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must not leave the sanctuary area This does not mean the high priest could never leave. God did not allow him to leave in order to grieve over someone who died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/13.md b/lev/21/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/21/13.md +++ b/lev/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/21/14.md b/lev/21/14.md index 4f5c6ae86d..e822f9478e 100644 --- a/lev/21/14.md +++ b/lev/21/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from his own people "from among his own tribe, the tribe of Levi" - diff --git a/lev/21/15.md b/lev/21/15.md index bc582a9fc2..d35251ad54 100644 --- a/lev/21/15.md +++ b/lev/21/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will not defile his children among his people By marrying an unholy or ungodly woman, the priest would have children unworthy to be priest. Alternate translation: "that he will not have unworthy children by marrying an ungodly woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/16.md b/lev/21/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/21/16.md +++ b/lev/21/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/21/17.md b/lev/21/17.md index c22d32083d..26736e3e5e 100644 --- a/lev/21/17.md +++ b/lev/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he must not approach to offer the food to his God The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "he must not come to burn the burnt offering of food on God's altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/18.md b/lev/21/18.md index 239c26e969..feda58e58a 100644 --- a/lev/21/18.md +++ b/lev/21/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A priest had to meet specific physical standards in order to approach Yahweh. Th # one who is disfigured or deformed "one whose body or face is deformed" - diff --git a/lev/21/19.md b/lev/21/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/21/19.md +++ b/lev/21/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/21/20.md b/lev/21/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/21/20.md +++ b/lev/21/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/21/21.md b/lev/21/21.md index ad499cd7e1..f12570fec6 100644 --- a/lev/21/21.md +++ b/lev/21/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to offer the bread of his God Here "bread" represents food in general. Alternate translation: "to make burnt offering of food on God's altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/22.md b/lev/21/22.md index bae4b3a6aa..190664932e 100644 --- a/lev/21/22.md +++ b/lev/21/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "he" refers to the priest with the bodily defect. # some of the most holy or some of the holy This also refers to the food that was sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "some of the sacrifices offered in the most holy place or some of the sacrifices offered in the holy place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/21/23.md b/lev/21/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/21/23.md +++ b/lev/21/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/21/24.md b/lev/21/24.md index 119454c1ae..b45540dc51 100644 --- a/lev/21/24.md +++ b/lev/21/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to his sons "to Aaron's sons" - diff --git a/lev/21/intro.md b/lev/21/intro.md index 6363b4da83..a784d7f4fc 100644 --- a/lev/21/intro.md +++ b/lev/21/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Leviticus 21 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Priests must be holy +### Priests must be holy Priests must be separate from the rest of the world. Priests should not do anything that would be unclean. They also cannot be unclean because of a birth defect, and they must not marry an unclean woman. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Priests must be separate from the rest of the world. Priests should not do anyth * __[Leviticus 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/22/01.md b/lev/22/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/01.md +++ b/lev/22/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/02.md b/lev/22/02.md index 91cf23db63..9b3910d6d2 100644 --- a/lev/22/02.md +++ b/lev/22/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # profane my holy name The word "profane" here means to dishonor. The word "name" represents Yahweh's character. Alternate translation: "dishonor my reputation" or "dishonor me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/03.md b/lev/22/03.md index 8a935660f4..2f20958747 100644 --- a/lev/22/03.md +++ b/lev/22/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person # that person must be cut off from before me A priest no longer being able to serve Yahweh is spoken of as if that person had been cut off from Yahweh's presence, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that person will no longer be able to serve as a priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/04.md b/lev/22/04.md index 543f66fa68..baa0bff7df 100644 --- a/lev/22/04.md +++ b/lev/22/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Something that Yahweh has said is unfit to touch or eat is spoken of as if it we # the sacrifices made to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sacrifices that someone has offered to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/05.md b/lev/22/05.md index f2d09e4f7a..843423dc9b 100644 --- a/lev/22/05.md +++ b/lev/22/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # or whoever touches any creeping animal that makes him unclean, or any person who makes him unclean This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "or whoever is unclean from touching a creeping animal or from touching another unclean person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/06.md b/lev/22/06.md index 60b86d1f8f..e5bdfc6fe1 100644 --- a/lev/22/06.md +++ b/lev/22/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person # until evening "until sunset" - diff --git a/lev/22/07.md b/lev/22/07.md index f13b02f1ae..cfc13a5457 100644 --- a/lev/22/07.md +++ b/lev/22/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will then be clean "the priest will then be considered clean." A person who is acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/08.md b/lev/22/08.md index be46a66174..9dca6eab18 100644 --- a/lev/22/08.md +++ b/lev/22/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # found dead or killed by wild animals This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that someone found dead or that a wild animal has killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/09.md b/lev/22/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/09.md +++ b/lev/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/10.md b/lev/22/10.md index c828c76635..30802db6df 100644 --- a/lev/22/10.md +++ b/lev/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what Aaron and his sons must do. - diff --git a/lev/22/11.md b/lev/22/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/11.md +++ b/lev/22/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/12.md b/lev/22/12.md index 759a9d25c7..e77685f0bf 100644 --- a/lev/22/12.md +++ b/lev/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the holy contribution offerings The word "contribution" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "the holy offerings which people have contributed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/13.md b/lev/22/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/13.md +++ b/lev/22/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/14.md b/lev/22/14.md index ca2c4481ce..e35d37fd70 100644 --- a/lev/22/14.md +++ b/lev/22/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that the person had to replace the food that he had eat # one-fifth This is one part out of five equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/15.md b/lev/22/15.md index dffff7500f..85139155ba 100644 --- a/lev/22/15.md +++ b/lev/22/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that they have raised high and presented The phrase "raised high" refers to a symbolic gesture of respect that represents offering something to Yahweh. It means basically the same thing as "presented." Alternate translation: "that they have offered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/16.md b/lev/22/16.md index 1d4bb5df14..9144913d41 100644 --- a/lev/22/16.md +++ b/lev/22/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cause themselves to carry the sin that would make them guilty Sin is spoken of as if it were an object that people can carry. Possible meanings are 1) they would be responsible for the sin and so become guilty. Alternate translation: "they would be guilty for the sin that they committed" or 2) the word "sin" is a metonym for punishment for the sin that they committed. Alternate translation: "they would receive the punishment because they are guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/17.md b/lev/22/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/17.md +++ b/lev/22/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/18.md b/lev/22/18.md index 30516614c3..7589f36f64 100644 --- a/lev/22/18.md +++ b/lev/22/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an alien "a foreigner" - diff --git a/lev/22/19.md b/lev/22/19.md index f6bf254c8b..1e218e789f 100644 --- a/lev/22/19.md +++ b/lev/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if it is to be accepted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if Yahweh is to accept it" or "if I, Yahweh, am to accept it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/20.md b/lev/22/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/20.md +++ b/lev/22/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/21.md b/lev/22/21.md index 6f532ff9e9..7d3b26c7cb 100644 --- a/lev/22/21.md +++ b/lev/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be accepted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for me to accept it" or "for Yahweh to accept it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/22.md b/lev/22/22.md index 628e1833af..00e7bf7d32 100644 --- a/lev/22/22.md +++ b/lev/22/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to defects caused by accidents. # warts, sores, or scabs These refer to types of skin diseases. - diff --git a/lev/22/23.md b/lev/22/23.md index 49a13b5116..9afb1739df 100644 --- a/lev/22/23.md +++ b/lev/22/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not accept" or # deformed or small These words refer to defects the animal has from birth. - diff --git a/lev/22/24.md b/lev/22/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/24.md +++ b/lev/22/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/25.md b/lev/22/25.md index e1ffbba60a..e3af186040 100644 --- a/lev/22/25.md +++ b/lev/22/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hand" represents the whole person. It is implied that Israelites could # they will not be accepted for you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will not accept them from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/26.md b/lev/22/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/26.md +++ b/lev/22/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/27.md b/lev/22/27.md index f05032be4f..e40b929f0e 100644 --- a/lev/22/27.md +++ b/lev/22/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you may accept it" (S # for an offering made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for a burnt offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/28.md b/lev/22/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/28.md +++ b/lev/22/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/29.md b/lev/22/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/29.md +++ b/lev/22/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/30.md b/lev/22/30.md index b7d5dc8a15..5b7c863cc3 100644 --- a/lev/22/30.md +++ b/lev/22/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must eat it" (See # that it is sacrificed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you sacrificed it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/31.md b/lev/22/31.md index 24e360ee6f..0a5ae7fb7f 100644 --- a/lev/22/31.md +++ b/lev/22/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # keep my commandments and carry them out The words "keep" and "carry out" mean the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey God's commands. Alternate translation: "obey my commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/32.md b/lev/22/32.md index 7be59050cf..e69e610ba9 100644 --- a/lev/22/32.md +++ b/lev/22/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself and his reputation and "profane" # I must be acknowledged as holy by the people of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The people of Israel must acknowledge me as holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/22/33.md b/lev/22/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/22/33.md +++ b/lev/22/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/22/intro.md b/lev/22/intro.md index df164284dc..85a3355f12 100644 --- a/lev/22/intro.md +++ b/lev/22/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Leviticus 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Holy things +### Holy things -Priests who are unclean must not touch any holy thing. The things in the temple and involved in sacrifices must remain clean. An unclean priest would cause anything he touched to become unclean. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) +Priests who are unclean must not touch any holy thing. The things in the temple and involved in sacrifices must remain clean. An unclean priest would cause anything he touched to become unclean. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) ## Links: * __[Leviticus 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/23/01.md b/lev/23/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/01.md +++ b/lev/23/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/02.md b/lev/23/02.md index 9764fafb0b..5e638f9cd0 100644 --- a/lev/23/02.md +++ b/lev/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the appointed festivals for Yahweh These were festivals that the Lord had appointed times for. The people were to worship him at these festivals. Alternate translation: "the festivals for Yahweh" or "Yahweh's festivals" - diff --git a/lev/23/03.md b/lev/23/03.md index 5b08fa3f1e..6369b5d65a 100644 --- a/lev/23/03.md +++ b/lev/23/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is something the people must do habitually. After every six days in which t # a holy assembly The requirement that people assemble to worship God on that day is spoken of as if that day were the assembly. Alternate translation: "a holy day, when you must assemble together to worship me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/04.md b/lev/23/04.md index 4c566ba807..423359ebf4 100644 --- a/lev/23/04.md +++ b/lev/23/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at their appointed times "at their proper times" - diff --git a/lev/23/05.md b/lev/23/05.md index 58dd76ac0a..ea3e6a1830 100644 --- a/lev/23/05.md +++ b/lev/23/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The first month of the Hebrew calendar marks when Yahweh brought the Israelites # at twilight "at sunset" - diff --git a/lev/23/06.md b/lev/23/06.md index 51c5831531..42968290d2 100644 --- a/lev/23/06.md +++ b/lev/23/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the fifteenth day of the same month The "same month" is the first month of the Hebrew calendar (verse 5). It was in the first month that Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt. The fifteenth day are around the beginning of April on the Western calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/07.md b/lev/23/07.md index af7cfc236e..7e39cf3d4b 100644 --- a/lev/23/07.md +++ b/lev/23/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The first day you must set apart to gather together "You must set apart the first day to gather together" or "You must treat the first day as different and gather together" - diff --git a/lev/23/08.md b/lev/23/08.md index 89ce4745b9..1be53bddb2 100644 --- a/lev/23/08.md +++ b/lev/23/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They would present it to Yahweh by burning it on the altar. # The seventh day is an assembly set apart to Yahweh The requirement that people assemble on that day is spoken of as if that day were the assembly. Being set apart to Yahweh means that when they assemble, they must worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: "The seventh day is a day when you must assemble together to worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/09.md b/lev/23/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/09.md +++ b/lev/23/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/10.md b/lev/23/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/10.md +++ b/lev/23/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/11.md b/lev/23/11.md index b636a0c55f..33ff429d00 100644 --- a/lev/23/11.md +++ b/lev/23/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for it to be accepted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh to accept it" or "and I will accept it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/12.md b/lev/23/12.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/lev/23/12.md +++ b/lev/23/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/lev/23/13.md b/lev/23/13.md index ac1556074e..63f312b132 100644 --- a/lev/23/13.md +++ b/lev/23/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An ephah is 22 liters. Alternate translation: "four and a half liters" (See: [[r # a fourth of a hin A hin is 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: "one liter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/14.md b/lev/23/14.md index 619ab89bf3..77a704fbe9 100644 --- a/lev/23/14.md +++ b/lev/23/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # This will be a permanent statute throughout your people's generations This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/lev/23/15.md b/lev/23/15.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/lev/23/15.md +++ b/lev/23/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/lev/23/16.md b/lev/23/16.md index 1c7677d6c9..b42fa2da59 100644 --- a/lev/23/16.md +++ b/lev/23/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # seventh This is the ordinal for number seven. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] - diff --git a/lev/23/17.md b/lev/23/17.md index 38b881ce1e..36eb9a2d08 100644 --- a/lev/23/17.md +++ b/lev/23/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you have made fr # two-tenths of an ephah This is approximately 4.5 liters. Alternate translation: "four and a half liters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/18.md b/lev/23/18.md index 434d30b566..b4e4146954 100644 --- a/lev/23/18.md +++ b/lev/23/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # producing a sweet aroma for Yahweh The Lord's pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will be pleased with you" or "that pleases the Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/19.md b/lev/23/19.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/lev/23/19.md +++ b/lev/23/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/lev/23/20.md b/lev/23/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/20.md +++ b/lev/23/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/21.md b/lev/23/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/21.md +++ b/lev/23/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/22.md b/lev/23/22.md index 2d511d48f2..025d6b7b7b 100644 --- a/lev/23/22.md +++ b/lev/23/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # When you reap the harvest of your land, you must not completely reap the corners of your fields "When you gather your crops, do not gather them all the way to the edges of your fields" - diff --git a/lev/23/23.md b/lev/23/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/23.md +++ b/lev/23/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/24.md b/lev/23/24.md index f07da99ed4..bddb9509c8 100644 --- a/lev/23/24.md +++ b/lev/23/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the midd # a solemn rest a period of time that was only for worship and not for work - diff --git a/lev/23/25.md b/lev/23/25.md index c8566b0ae3..e80e509418 100644 --- a/lev/23/25.md +++ b/lev/23/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must offer a sacrifice made by fire to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must offer a sacrifice that you make by fire to Yahweh" or "you must burn an offering on the altar to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/26.md b/lev/23/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/26.md +++ b/lev/23/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/27.md b/lev/23/27.md index 724ca6eaf0..9a322cb939 100644 --- a/lev/23/27.md +++ b/lev/23/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end # the Day of Atonement On this day each year the high priest made a sacrifice to Yahweh so that Yahweh would forgive all the sins of the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "the Day of Sacrifice for Forgiveness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/28.md b/lev/23/28.md index a025ef241d..1bcff2cf29 100644 --- a/lev/23/28.md +++ b/lev/23/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do every year. - diff --git a/lev/23/29.md b/lev/23/29.md index c10b4f2a28..7e89d9533c 100644 --- a/lev/23/29.md +++ b/lev/23/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must be cut off from his people Being excluded is spoken of as being cut off. See how you translated this idea in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: "must be excluded from his people" or "you must separate that person from his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/30.md b/lev/23/30.md index 10052454f1..af70d5eba4 100644 --- a/lev/23/30.md +++ b/lev/23/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do every year. # on that day "on the Day of Atonement" - diff --git a/lev/23/31.md b/lev/23/31.md index 179faa70bb..4d8c0f459d 100644 --- a/lev/23/31.md +++ b/lev/23/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This will be a permanent statute throughout your people's generations This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/lev/23/32.md b/lev/23/32.md index eb332a0fce..db2ebdeb9a 100644 --- a/lev/23/32.md +++ b/lev/23/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The ninth day is near t # From evening to evening "From sunset to sunset on the next day" - diff --git a/lev/23/33.md b/lev/23/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/33.md +++ b/lev/23/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/34.md b/lev/23/34.md index 21622adf31..45f2a0c1db 100644 --- a/lev/23/34.md +++ b/lev/23/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is near the beginning of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # Festival of Shelters This is a celebration during which the people of Israel lived in temporary shelters for seven days as a way to remember the time they spent living in the wilderness after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/35.md b/lev/23/35.md index 7c99b60e1d..b337ebce00 100644 --- a/lev/23/35.md +++ b/lev/23/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh is giving instructions for the Festival of Shelters. - diff --git a/lev/23/36.md b/lev/23/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/36.md +++ b/lev/23/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/37.md b/lev/23/37.md index 1ea3719e11..5f558f38e9 100644 --- a/lev/23/37.md +++ b/lev/23/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do every year. # These are the appointed festivals This refers to the festivals mentioned in 23:1-36. - diff --git a/lev/23/38.md b/lev/23/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/38.md +++ b/lev/23/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/39.md b/lev/23/39.md index 53df411a37..8f189a3ae3 100644 --- a/lev/23/39.md +++ b/lev/23/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the # when you have gathered in the fruits The word "fruits" here represents various kinds of crops. Alternate translation: "after you have gathered the crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/40.md b/lev/23/40.md index 00c85c3750..fc8bf599c6 100644 --- a/lev/23/40.md +++ b/lev/23/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible uses for these branches are 1) to make temporary shelters or 2) to wave # willows trees with long, narrow leaves, which grow near water (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/41.md b/lev/23/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/41.md +++ b/lev/23/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/42.md b/lev/23/42.md index d7328a5259..fb00db449f 100644 --- a/lev/23/42.md +++ b/lev/23/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues his instructions for the Festival of Shelters. - diff --git a/lev/23/43.md b/lev/23/43.md index 6fe77a7cbb..3cea1d2289 100644 --- a/lev/23/43.md +++ b/lev/23/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your descendants, generation after generation, may learn "Generation after generation" here is an idiom that refers to each generation that lives after another. Alternate translation: "your descendants belonging to all future generations may learn" or "all your descendants may learn forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/23/44.md b/lev/23/44.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/23/44.md +++ b/lev/23/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/23/intro.md b/lev/23/intro.md index 23809223a5..7a948a9baa 100644 --- a/lev/23/intro.md +++ b/lev/23/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Leviticus 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +### The feasts -#### The feasts The people should celebrate the Sabbath, the Passover, the Feast of First Fruits, the Feast of Weeks, the Feast of Trumpets, the Day of Atonement and the Feast of Booths. These feasts were important for the religious life of Israel. They were a part of proper worship of Yahweh and the identity of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstfruit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ The people should celebrate the Sabbath, the Passover, the Feast of First Fruits * __[Leviticus 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/24/01.md b/lev/24/01.md index 4af4627ae0..4c17a2fa16 100644 --- a/lev/24/01.md +++ b/lev/24/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: God gives Moses instructions about the things in the tent of meeting. - diff --git a/lev/24/02.md b/lev/24/02.md index e8d2ff988c..0be5196971 100644 --- a/lev/24/02.md +++ b/lev/24/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the lamp This refers to the lamp or lamps in Yahweh's sacred tent. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the lamp in the tent of meeting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/03.md b/lev/24/03.md index d5323e9f16..797d914f08 100644 --- a/lev/24/03.md +++ b/lev/24/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was a thick fabric hung as a wall. It was not like a light window curtain. # This will be a permanent statute throughout your people's generations This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/lev/24/04.md b/lev/24/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/24/04.md +++ b/lev/24/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/24/05.md b/lev/24/05.md index 91330b6c84..ad35beaa54 100644 --- a/lev/24/05.md +++ b/lev/24/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues giving Moses instructions about the things in the tent of meeting. # two-tenths of an ephah This is about 4.5 liters. Alternate translation: "four and a half liters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/06.md b/lev/24/06.md index 25ec2c7e7a..fed485c887 100644 --- a/lev/24/06.md +++ b/lev/24/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the table of pure gold before Yahweh This table is in the holy place, which is before the most holy place. - diff --git a/lev/24/07.md b/lev/24/07.md index 4b95d8ebca..485f569f13 100644 --- a/lev/24/07.md +++ b/lev/24/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ What the incense would represent can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: " # This incense will be an offering made by fire for Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You will burn this incense as an offering for Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/08.md b/lev/24/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/24/08.md +++ b/lev/24/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/24/09.md b/lev/24/09.md index edcb090e17..7068f4fc13 100644 --- a/lev/24/09.md +++ b/lev/24/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the offerings to Yahweh made by fire "the burnt offerings to Yahweh" or "the offerings that you burn to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/24/10.md b/lev/24/10.md index 1e0c5434a4..a82bbbbc4c 100644 --- a/lev/24/10.md +++ b/lev/24/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now it happened This phrase marks a new section of the book. - diff --git a/lev/24/11.md b/lev/24/11.md index af24a6693c..85249048bf 100644 --- a/lev/24/11.md +++ b/lev/24/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Dibri This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/12.md b/lev/24/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/24/12.md +++ b/lev/24/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/24/13.md b/lev/24/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/24/13.md +++ b/lev/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/24/14.md b/lev/24/14.md index 01816d7aa6..926003e777 100644 --- a/lev/24/14.md +++ b/lev/24/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All who heard him must lay their hands on his head They were to put their hands on his head to show that he was the guilty one. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/15.md b/lev/24/15.md index d9341ca3d5..46b149d3dd 100644 --- a/lev/24/15.md +++ b/lev/24/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues telling Moses what they must do to the man who cursed God. # must carry his own sin A person suffering because he is guilty of sin is spoken of as if the guilt were a physical object that he is carrying. Alternate translation: "must suffer for his sin" or "must be punished (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/16.md b/lev/24/16.md index 15cd717efd..6f0837d389 100644 --- a/lev/24/16.md +++ b/lev/24/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must surely be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people must surely put him to death" or "the people must surely kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/17.md b/lev/24/17.md index 9c83008c8c..202313c2dd 100644 --- a/lev/24/17.md +++ b/lev/24/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues telling Moses what the people must do when someone does something # he must certainly be put to death. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must certainly put to death anyone who kills another person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/18.md b/lev/24/18.md index 2271cdcfae..f098e86989 100644 --- a/lev/24/18.md +++ b/lev/24/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ How he would pay it back can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "must pay # life for life This is an idiom that means that one life would replace the other. Alternate translation: "one life to replace the other life" or "to replace the one that he killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/19.md b/lev/24/19.md index 023bf375c8..f7ba8e74f9 100644 --- a/lev/24/19.md +++ b/lev/24/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues telling Moses what the people must do when someone does something # it must be done to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must do to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/20.md b/lev/24/20.md index 539eaab4ab..af748ce12b 100644 --- a/lev/24/20.md +++ b/lev/24/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to eyes being seriously injured or gouged out. Alternate translation # tooth for tooth This refers to teeth being knocked out of the mouth. Alternate translation: "If he knocks out someone's tooth, one of his teeth must be knocked out" or "If he knocks out someone's tooth, they will knock out one of his teeth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/21.md b/lev/24/21.md index 6481a68362..b3d8c25171 100644 --- a/lev/24/21.md +++ b/lev/24/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # anyone who kills a person must be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they must put to death anyone who kills a person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/24/22.md b/lev/24/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/24/22.md +++ b/lev/24/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/24/23.md b/lev/24/23.md index 34f08c9b53..dde336e267 100644 --- a/lev/24/23.md +++ b/lev/24/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # carried out the command "obeyed the command" - diff --git a/lev/24/intro.md b/lev/24/intro.md index f129fad576..a28ff521fe 100644 --- a/lev/24/intro.md +++ b/lev/24/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Leviticus 24 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Cursing God +### Cursing God The punishment for someone who curses God is to have stones thrown at him until he is dead. This was acceptable in ancient Israel, but it is no longer considered acceptable. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ The punishment for someone who curses God is to have stones thrown at him until * __[Leviticus 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/25/01.md b/lev/25/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/01.md +++ b/lev/25/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/02.md b/lev/25/02.md index e9271a779d..3684cb70fe 100644 --- a/lev/25/02.md +++ b/lev/25/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land must be made to keep a Sabbath for Yahweh The land is spoken of as if it were a person that could obey the Sabbath by resting. Just as the people had to rest every seventh day, people were to honor God by not farming the land every seventh year. Alternate translation: "you must obey the Sabbath law by letting the land rest every seventh year for Yahweh" or "you must obey Yahweh's Sabbath by not farming the land every seventh year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/03.md b/lev/25/03.md index ee20c9e41d..f080b122c1 100644 --- a/lev/25/03.md +++ b/lev/25/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # prune your vineyard To prune a vineyard is to cut the branches and vines to help the fruit grow better. - diff --git a/lev/25/04.md b/lev/25/04.md index 713cb9d1d9..051b26094a 100644 --- a/lev/25/04.md +++ b/lev/25/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a Sabbath of solemn rest for the land must be observed Not farming the land is spoken of as letting the land rest. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must observe a Sabbath of solemn rest for the land" or "you must obey the Sabbath law by not farming the land every seventh year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/05.md b/lev/25/05.md index 019fcce5e5..dd39aed190 100644 --- a/lev/25/05.md +++ b/lev/25/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh will not allow the owner of a field to organize his workers and harvest t # your unpruned vines This means that no one has taken care of the vines and cut them as they do during the other six years. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your vines that you do not prune" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/06.md b/lev/25/06.md index 71e4f85a1a..2b6a570498 100644 --- a/lev/25/06.md +++ b/lev/25/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh will not allow the owner of a field to organize his workers and harvest t # the unworked land This means that no one has taken care of the gardens or farms as they do during the other six years. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your gardens that you do not tend" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/07.md b/lev/25/07.md index f649602abf..023270b556 100644 --- a/lev/25/07.md +++ b/lev/25/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whatever the land produces "whatever grows on the land" - diff --git a/lev/25/08.md b/lev/25/08.md index 920092a683..bdadfc1d47 100644 --- a/lev/25/08.md +++ b/lev/25/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # forty-nine years "49 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/09.md b/lev/25/09.md index 70821087f6..5ae6c79ba8 100644 --- a/lev/25/09.md +++ b/lev/25/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end # the Day of Atonement On this day each year the high priest would make a sacrifice to Yahweh so that Yahweh would forgive all the sins of the people of Israel. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 23:27](../23/27.md). - diff --git a/lev/25/10.md b/lev/25/10.md index 65f6a76bcb..219d47032c 100644 --- a/lev/25/10.md +++ b/lev/25/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Jubilee was a year when the Jews had to return land to its' original owners # property and slaves must be returned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must return property and slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/11.md b/lev/25/11.md index db492cc9f4..43f606fdef 100644 --- a/lev/25/11.md +++ b/lev/25/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a Jubilee for you "a year of restoration" or "a year for you to return the land." It can be stated clearly who they were returning the land to. Alternate translation: "a year for you to return the land to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/12.md b/lev/25/12.md index 2716313a54..b7116b48a5 100644 --- a/lev/25/12.md +++ b/lev/25/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must eat the produce that grows by itself out of the fields Yahweh did not allow the land owner to organize his workers and harvest the land as he did the other six years. However, he did allow individuals to go through the fields and eat what they find. - diff --git a/lev/25/13.md b/lev/25/13.md index ed2c0d9b66..b9f77cc661 100644 --- a/lev/25/13.md +++ b/lev/25/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this year of Jubilee "this year of restoration" or "this year to return land and free slaves" - diff --git a/lev/25/14.md b/lev/25/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/14.md +++ b/lev/25/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/15.md b/lev/25/15.md index dbb7c7770a..b5d4ae8f01 100644 --- a/lev/25/15.md +++ b/lev/25/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you can harvest" # the next Jubilee "the next year of restoration" or "the next year to return land" - diff --git a/lev/25/16.md b/lev/25/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/16.md +++ b/lev/25/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/17.md b/lev/25/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/17.md +++ b/lev/25/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/18.md b/lev/25/18.md index 29e53403a6..0722840bb5 100644 --- a/lev/25/18.md +++ b/lev/25/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # obey my decrees, keep my laws, and carry them out All of these phrases mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey everything Yahweh says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/19.md b/lev/25/19.md index cacd11f70d..397c924af5 100644 --- a/lev/25/19.md +++ b/lev/25/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will eat your fill This means that they would eat enough until their stomach was full. Alternate translation: "you will eat till you are full" or "you will eat plenty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/20.md b/lev/25/20.md index f09e6f33be..96677644e9 100644 --- a/lev/25/20.md +++ b/lev/25/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You might say Here "You" refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/21.md b/lev/25/21.md index 31a9613e98..8cead4f4b8 100644 --- a/lev/25/21.md +++ b/lev/25/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will command my blessing to come upon you God speaks of his blessing as if it were a person that could obey him. Alternate translation: "I will send my blessing on you" or "I will bless you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/22.md b/lev/25/22.md index 46d09955ea..1c7922cf61 100644 --- a/lev/25/22.md +++ b/lev/25/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the provisions stored This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "from the food you store" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/23.md b/lev/25/23.md index 3ec5730e9e..a0c12bca75 100644 --- a/lev/25/23.md +++ b/lev/25/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. # The land must not be sold to a new permanent owner This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must not sell your land permanently to another person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/24.md b/lev/25/24.md index 125c443b76..6885aa06ba 100644 --- a/lev/25/24.md +++ b/lev/25/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The noun "redemption" can be expressed with the verbs "redeem" or "buy back." Al # you must allow the land to be bought back by the family from whom you bought it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must allow the family from whom you bought the land to buy it back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/25.md b/lev/25/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/25.md +++ b/lev/25/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/26.md b/lev/25/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/26.md +++ b/lev/25/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/27.md b/lev/25/27.md index 51ebc6777a..92e5760a64 100644 --- a/lev/25/27.md +++ b/lev/25/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he sold the land" (Se # repay the balance to the man to whom he sold it This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "repay to the purchaser who bought it the money the purchaser would have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/28.md b/lev/25/28.md index 19849a7693..ca160bfbcc 100644 --- a/lev/25/28.md +++ b/lev/25/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one who had bough # will return to his property "will go back to his land" - diff --git a/lev/25/29.md b/lev/25/29.md index 00ae3cfd01..57a4f0def5 100644 --- a/lev/25/29.md +++ b/lev/25/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after he sold it" (Se # the right of redemption The noun "redemption" can be expressed with the verbs "redeem" or "buy back." Alternate translation: "the right to redeem it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/30.md b/lev/25/30.md index 09e07c25fe..26cfa98e3d 100644 --- a/lev/25/30.md +++ b/lev/25/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The man who bought th # the year of Jubilee "the year of restoration" or "the year to return land and free slaves" - diff --git a/lev/25/31.md b/lev/25/31.md index c0ad0726cd..95921dd1d4 100644 --- a/lev/25/31.md +++ b/lev/25/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You may buy back thos # the year of Jubilee "the year of restoration" or "the year to return land and free slaves" - diff --git a/lev/25/32.md b/lev/25/32.md index c87361aea5..e8554f5c7c 100644 --- a/lev/25/32.md +++ b/lev/25/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the houses that the L # may be redeemed at any time This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Levites may redeem them at any time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/33.md b/lev/25/33.md index a51af1c654..f1154487cf 100644 --- a/lev/25/33.md +++ b/lev/25/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one who bought th # their property among the people of Israel The land of Canaan was divided up among the people of Israel, but of that land, the Levites were only given 48 cities with the fields around them. Alternate translation: "their part of the land that the Israelites possessed" or "their property in the land of Israel" - diff --git a/lev/25/34.md b/lev/25/34.md index 5fe565a3f7..e7ae0982c2 100644 --- a/lev/25/34.md +++ b/lev/25/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But the fields around their cities may not be sold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But the Levites must not sell the fields around their cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/35.md b/lev/25/35.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/lev/25/35.md +++ b/lev/25/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/lev/25/36.md b/lev/25/36.md index af19f26a2f..39cf6b2223 100644 --- a/lev/25/36.md +++ b/lev/25/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not take from him interest or usury The words "interest" and "usury" both refer to a lender requiring more from the borrower than he originally lent. Alternate translation: "Do not require him to pay back any more than you lent him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/37.md b/lev/25/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/37.md +++ b/lev/25/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/38.md b/lev/25/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/38.md +++ b/lev/25/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/39.md b/lev/25/39.md index e53285d986..5f23f6e078 100644 --- a/lev/25/39.md +++ b/lev/25/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must not make him work like a slave The owner was to treat the Israelite with more respect than he would treat a slave. - diff --git a/lev/25/40.md b/lev/25/40.md index fb21c8191d..27f163433f 100644 --- a/lev/25/40.md +++ b/lev/25/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The owner was to treat the Israelite with more respect than he would treat a sla # the year of Jubilee "the year of restoration" or "the year to return land and free slaves" - diff --git a/lev/25/41.md b/lev/25/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/41.md +++ b/lev/25/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/42.md b/lev/25/42.md index 0a54cb7b4b..2ece6302ba 100644 --- a/lev/25/42.md +++ b/lev/25/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God continues telling Moses what he must tell the people. # They will not be sold as slaves This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must not sell them as slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/43.md b/lev/25/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/43.md +++ b/lev/25/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/44.md b/lev/25/44.md index 0bd94112f5..512f0aab51 100644 --- a/lev/25/44.md +++ b/lev/25/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you may buy slaves from them "you may buy slaves from those nations" - diff --git a/lev/25/45.md b/lev/25/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/45.md +++ b/lev/25/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/46.md b/lev/25/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/46.md +++ b/lev/25/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/47.md b/lev/25/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/47.md +++ b/lev/25/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/48.md b/lev/25/48.md index f9cf59a94a..eaf692be36 100644 --- a/lev/25/48.md +++ b/lev/25/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after your fellow Israelite has been bought, he may be bought back. Someone in his family may redeem him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after the foreigner buys your fellow Israelite, someone in the Israelite's family may buy him back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/25/49.md b/lev/25/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/49.md +++ b/lev/25/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/50.md b/lev/25/50.md index 7c43bfc0df..a37895c2ce 100644 --- a/lev/25/50.md +++ b/lev/25/50.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ If the Israelite bought back his freedom, the foreigner would have to hire a ser # for the number of years he might continue to work "for the number of years until the jubilee that the Israelite would have continued to work but will not" - diff --git a/lev/25/51.md b/lev/25/51.md index 8c389c0f4d..8a19131347 100644 --- a/lev/25/51.md +++ b/lev/25/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he must pay back "the Israelite slave must pay back" - diff --git a/lev/25/52.md b/lev/25/52.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/25/52.md +++ b/lev/25/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/25/53.md b/lev/25/53.md index 8e28872436..1121b10d95 100644 --- a/lev/25/53.md +++ b/lev/25/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rule over him severely "rule over him in a way that harms him" or "treat him badly" - diff --git a/lev/25/54.md b/lev/25/54.md index 62a10f168e..165c3ca633 100644 --- a/lev/25/54.md +++ b/lev/25/54.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form, and who he is to be redeemed from can be stat # he must serve until the year of Jubilee, he and his children with him The Israelite slave and his children would serve the foreigner until the year of Jubilee, and then the foreigner would have to set the Israelite and his children free. - diff --git a/lev/25/55.md b/lev/25/55.md index 452c330d72..f63dc72fce 100644 --- a/lev/25/55.md +++ b/lev/25/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # To me the people of Israel are servants "For it is to me that the people of Israel are servants." This is the reason that God wanted the Israelites to be set free in the year of jubilee. They were his servants. They were not permitted to be anyone else's permanent slave. - diff --git a/lev/25/intro.md b/lev/25/intro.md index 2cd3136ad6..0c4c91beb4 100644 --- a/lev/25/intro.md +++ b/lev/25/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Leviticus 25 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Over-farming -There is a provision made in this chapter to prevent over-farming of the land. If a land is farmed every year with the same crops, it will quickly become unable to grow anything. +### Over-farming -#### Sabbath and Jubilee Years +There is a provision made in this chapter to prevent over-farming of the land. If a land is farmed every year with the same crops, it will quickly become unable to grow anything. + +### Sabbath and Jubilee Years Every seventh year, the land should not be planted. Every fiftieth year Israelite slaves must be freed and all land that has been bought returned to its original owners. This prevented people from getting trapped by their poverty. @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Every seventh year, the land should not be planted. Every fiftieth year Israelit * __[Leviticus 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/26/01.md b/lev/26/01.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/lev/26/01.md +++ b/lev/26/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/lev/26/02.md b/lev/26/02.md index 5a70ba2ace..6d423a4ce6 100644 --- a/lev/26/02.md +++ b/lev/26/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # keep my Sabbaths "obey the rules for my Sabbaths" - diff --git a/lev/26/03.md b/lev/26/03.md index 744ac40e61..858c41bfc3 100644 --- a/lev/26/03.md +++ b/lev/26/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are three ways of saying the same thing. They emphasize that the people mu # walk in my laws Behaving according to the laws is spoken of as if they were to walk in the laws. Alternate translation: "If you behave according to my laws" or "if you live according to my laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/04.md b/lev/26/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/26/04.md +++ b/lev/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/26/05.md b/lev/26/05.md index 27b2713635..193ccf3143 100644 --- a/lev/26/05.md +++ b/lev/26/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will eat your bread to the full Here bread represents food. "To the full" means until their stomachs were full of food. Alternate translation: "will eat food until you are full" or "will have plenty of food to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/06.md b/lev/26/06.md index 4e644072bc..82afa25c57 100644 --- a/lev/26/06.md +++ b/lev/26/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the sword will not pass through your land Here the word "sword" represents enemy armies or enemy attacks. Alternate translation: "no armies will attack you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/07.md b/lev/26/07.md index e13a34e194..61c5ca2a15 100644 --- a/lev/26/07.md +++ b/lev/26/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will fall before you by the sword Here "falling" represents dying, and "the sword" represents either attacking people with a sword or battle in general. Alternate translation: "they will die when you attack them with the sword" or "you will kill them in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/08.md b/lev/26/08.md index 2582508e32..ec483a07ce 100644 --- a/lev/26/08.md +++ b/lev/26/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means the Israelites will have victory against larger armies. # Five ... hundred ... ten thousand "5 ... 100 ... 10,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/09.md b/lev/26/09.md index 726291221c..7a670e410c 100644 --- a/lev/26/09.md +++ b/lev/26/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases refer to God causing them to have many descendants so they bec # make you fruitful God speaks of them having many children as if they were trees that bear a lot of fruit. Alternate translation: "cause you to have many children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/10.md b/lev/26/10.md index e22730e496..490a75f204 100644 --- a/lev/26/10.md +++ b/lev/26/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will eat food stored a long time "You will have enough food stored to eat for a long time" or "you will have enough food to store and eat it for a long time" - diff --git a/lev/26/11.md b/lev/26/11.md index 081e775544..749e843fe3 100644 --- a/lev/26/11.md +++ b/lev/26/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will not detest you "I will accept you" - diff --git a/lev/26/12.md b/lev/26/12.md index a63ab69434..775e76c330 100644 --- a/lev/26/12.md +++ b/lev/26/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will walk among you Walking among them represents living with them. Alternate translation: "I will live with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/13.md b/lev/26/13.md index 11a897a631..44e73ad9ec 100644 --- a/lev/26/13.md +++ b/lev/26/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have broken the bars of your yoke God speaks of their slavery as if they had to wear a yoke that animals wear in order to do hard work. Breaking the bars of the yoke represents setting them free. Alternate translation: "I have set you free from the hard labor they made you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/14.md b/lev/26/14.md index 101d0798b0..9f5db1ce74 100644 --- a/lev/26/14.md +++ b/lev/26/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh is telling Moses what will happen if the people do not obey his commands. - diff --git a/lev/26/15.md b/lev/26/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/26/15.md +++ b/lev/26/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/26/16.md b/lev/26/16.md index 51022836cb..fa4e6a3583 100644 --- a/lev/26/16.md +++ b/lev/26/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "terror" represents the things that will cause them to be terrified. Altern # You will plant your seeds in vain The phrase "in vain" means that they would get nothing from their work. Alternate translation: "You will plant your seeds, but you will not get anything from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/17.md b/lev/26/17.md index 69fc0396e7..d54376e428 100644 --- a/lev/26/17.md +++ b/lev/26/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom means he "firmly decided." Alternate translation: "I have made up my # you will be overpowered by your enemies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your enemies will defeat you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/18.md b/lev/26/18.md index 72fe8ddcc1..46946cdc88 100644 --- a/lev/26/18.md +++ b/lev/26/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven times Here "seven times" is not literal. It means Yahweh will increase the severity of his punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/19.md b/lev/26/19.md index dc09678871..6f610c8912 100644 --- a/lev/26/19.md +++ b/lev/26/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Using force to cause them not to be proud is spoken of as if he were to break th # I will make the sky over you like iron and your land like bronze This means God will stop the rain from falling from the sky. This will make the ground hard so that people cannot plant seed or grow crops. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/20.md b/lev/26/20.md index 17dc7bfea0..3fcbe24ac3 100644 --- a/lev/26/20.md +++ b/lev/26/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your strength will be used up in vain Working very hard is spoken of as if they were to use all their strength until they had no more strength. The phrase "in vain" means that they would get nothing from working so hard. Alternate translation: "You will work very hard in vain" or "You will work very hard, but you will not receive anything good from working so hard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/21.md b/lev/26/21.md index a110005745..54ab540e19 100644 --- a/lev/26/21.md +++ b/lev/26/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "seven times" is not literal. It means Yahweh will increase the severity of # in proportion to your sins The noun "sins" can be expressed with the verb "sin." Alternate translation: "according to how much you have sinned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/22.md b/lev/26/22.md index e0e89cc341..b00e586ee1 100644 --- a/lev/26/22.md +++ b/lev/26/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Stealing is a euphemism or metaphor for killing. Alternate translation: "which w # your roads will be desolate "no one will travel on your roads" - diff --git a/lev/26/23.md b/lev/26/23.md index 50ee8076ee..8301ad41c3 100644 --- a/lev/26/23.md +++ b/lev/26/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Accepting his correction represents responding rightly to it. In this case respo # walk in opposition to me Walking represents behavior. Walking in opposition to him means opposing him or fighting against him. Alternate translation: "oppose me" or "fight against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/24.md b/lev/26/24.md index df85e48c23..a795c3cda7 100644 --- a/lev/26/24.md +++ b/lev/26/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The number 7 represents completeness. Alternate translation: "I will personally # because of your sins The noun "sins" can be expressed with the verb "sin." Alternate translation: "because you continue to sin against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/25.md b/lev/26/25.md index 48110c2bd9..e7255a43cc 100644 --- a/lev/26/25.md +++ b/lev/26/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You will gather toget # you will be delivered into the hand of your enemy Here "into the hand" means "into the control" and refers to defeat by their enemy. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will deliver you into the hand of your enemy" or "I will allow your enemy to control you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/26.md b/lev/26/26.md index 1c72655fc6..6a7f2fccbe 100644 --- a/lev/26/26.md +++ b/lev/26/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This implies that there will be so little flour that one small oven will be able # they will distribute your bread by weight This means there will be so little food that they will have to measure how much each person gets. - diff --git a/lev/26/27.md b/lev/26/27.md index 11e3c6d20d..7facdf118e 100644 --- a/lev/26/27.md +++ b/lev/26/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Listening represents obeying what he has said. Alternate translation: "If you do # to walk against me Walking represents behavior. Walking against someone represents opposing him or fighting against him. Alternate translation: "to oppose me" or "to fight against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/28.md b/lev/26/28.md index 880b1f6f49..26f362e01b 100644 --- a/lev/26/28.md +++ b/lev/26/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Walking represents behavior. Walking against someone represents opposing him or # I will punish you even seven more times as much Here "seven more times" is not literal. It means Yahweh will increase the severity of his punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/29.md b/lev/26/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/26/29.md +++ b/lev/26/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/26/30.md b/lev/26/30.md index f7cafae84e..4aa7e7e21a 100644 --- a/lev/26/30.md +++ b/lev/26/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Because God would send an army to do these things, he speaks as if he would do t # the corpses of your idols God speaks of idols not being alive as if they had been alive and then died. Alternate translation: "your lifeless idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/31.md b/lev/26/31.md index ad070d40b8..e9708e3d04 100644 --- a/lev/26/31.md +++ b/lev/26/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were places where people worshiped idols instead of God. # I will not be pleased with the aroma of your offerings Normally the Lord's pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with those who burn the offering. But in this case, people would burn offerings, but God would not be pleased with them. Alternate translation: "You will burn offerings, but I will not be pleased with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/32.md b/lev/26/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/26/32.md +++ b/lev/26/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/26/33.md b/lev/26/33.md index 979f968b08..2b72181224 100644 --- a/lev/26/33.md +++ b/lev/26/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents sending armies to attack them. Alternate translation: "I will se # Your land will be devastated, and your cities will be ruined This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Your enemies will devastate your land and destroy your cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/34.md b/lev/26/34.md index 7a35db07d7..6c70888c9f 100644 --- a/lev/26/34.md +++ b/lev/26/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then the land will enjoy its Sabbaths The people were supposed to obey the Sabbath law by not farming the land every seventh year. God speaks about this as if the land were a person that would obey the Sabbath law and rest. Alternate translation: "Then the land will rest according to the Sabbath law" or "Then, as required by the Sabbath law, the land will not be farmed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/35.md b/lev/26/35.md index 70c012af80..40ea419ce1 100644 --- a/lev/26/35.md +++ b/lev/26/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it will have rest God speaks about the land not being farmed as if it were a person that would rest. Alternate translation: "it will not be farmed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/36.md b/lev/26/36.md index 72368bc408..78f8c20201 100644 --- a/lev/26/36.md +++ b/lev/26/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Sending fear into their hearts represents making them afraid. Alternate translat # as though you were fleeing from the sword The sword represents either someone who is ready to kill using a sword or an attack from an enemy army. Alternate translation: "as though you were fleeing from someone who was chasing you with a sword" or "as though you were fleeing from an enemy army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/37.md b/lev/26/37.md index 81d560109d..4b755b4136 100644 --- a/lev/26/37.md +++ b/lev/26/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The sword represents either someone who is ready to kill using a sword or an att # to stand before your enemies Standing before the enemies represents not falling when the enemies attack and fighting against them. Alternate translation: "to resist your enemies when they attack you" or "to fight back against your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/38.md b/lev/26/38.md index 42e472b62c..dfab8460e8 100644 --- a/lev/26/38.md +++ b/lev/26/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your enemies' land will itself devour you Yahweh speaks about the enemies' land as if it were a wild animal that would eat the Israelites. The word "devour" emphasizes that most of the Israelites will die there. Alternate translation: "you will die in your enemies' land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/39.md b/lev/26/39.md index 9edbf265d3..14d37c5b9f 100644 --- a/lev/26/39.md +++ b/lev/26/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Wasting away in their sins represents wasting away because of their sins. # their fathers' iniquities Here "their fathers" represents their ancestors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/40.md b/lev/26/40.md index 9deded105c..8e0d63bfeb 100644 --- a/lev/26/40.md +++ b/lev/26/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their fathers' iniquity The word "fathers" represents their ancestors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/41.md b/lev/26/41.md index 9561a2d9b5..0c2f032b8c 100644 --- a/lev/26/41.md +++ b/lev/26/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents opposing them. Alternate translation: "to oppose them" (See: [[r # if their uncircumcised hearts become humbled Here the term "uncircumcised hearts" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "if they will be humble instead of stubbornly disobedient" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/42.md b/lev/26/42.md index 1f53de8dcd..d5c3269c54 100644 --- a/lev/26/42.md +++ b/lev/26/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will call the land to mind "Call to mind" here is an idiom meaning "intentionally remember." Here it represents fulfilling his promise concerning the land. Alternate translation: "I will fulfill my promise about the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/43.md b/lev/26/43.md index abe07048df..b1ca81df75 100644 --- a/lev/26/43.md +++ b/lev/26/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The people of Israel # so it will be pleased with its Sabbaths Yahweh speaks about the land as if it were a person who is happy about resting, because no one will be planting seed or growing crops on it. This will allow the land to become more fertile. Alternate translation: "so it will benefit from the Sabbaths" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/44.md b/lev/26/44.md index 64db277f59..aabc744a4e 100644 --- a/lev/26/44.md +++ b/lev/26/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This concludes Yahweh's message to Moses at Mount Sinai regarding the blessings for obedience and the punishments for disobedience. - diff --git a/lev/26/45.md b/lev/26/45.md index b549e593ec..935d6ffcb2 100644 --- a/lev/26/45.md +++ b/lev/26/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents the knowledge of the nations. Alternate translation: "in the kno # the nations This represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: "the people of the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/lev/26/46.md b/lev/26/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/26/46.md +++ b/lev/26/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/26/intro.md b/lev/26/intro.md index 5eb8f5306a..bbd0c88a0b 100644 --- a/lev/26/intro.md +++ b/lev/26/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Leviticus 26 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Worship only Yahweh +### Worship only Yahweh If people obey God and worship only him, he will bless and protect them. If people disobey his law and if they worship other gods, then he will severely punish them to help them to repent and begin obeying him. This takes the form of a promise. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ If people obey God and worship only him, he will bless and protect them. If peop * __[Leviticus 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/lev/27/01.md b/lev/27/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/27/01.md +++ b/lev/27/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/27/02.md b/lev/27/02.md index 19d1f916e1..b2946e37d0 100644 --- a/lev/27/02.md +++ b/lev/27/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In this case the vow would involve giving oneself or another person to God. This # use the following valuations Instead of giving the person, he would give the Lord a certain amount of silver. Alternate translation: "use the following values as your gift to the Lord in place of the person" or "give the Lord the following amounts of silver instead of the person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/03.md b/lev/27/03.md index 39f7cfe600..b79a310c87 100644 --- a/lev/27/03.md +++ b/lev/27/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Al # after the shekel of the sanctuary There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. It weighed about 11 grams. Alternate translation: "Use the kind of shekel that is used in the sanctuary" or "When you weigh the silver, use the weight that is used in the sanctuary" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/04.md b/lev/27/04.md index 0d7317b0fa..450d076b6f 100644 --- a/lev/27/04.md +++ b/lev/27/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Al # thirty "30" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/05.md b/lev/27/05.md index b50156f3c5..b5b46f7ed8 100644 --- a/lev/27/05.md +++ b/lev/27/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrases "of that age" and "your standard value must be" are left out, but ar # ten shekels If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: "ten pieces of silver" or "one hundred grams of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/06.md b/lev/27/06.md index 9c8e3f5801..404bdcfaaf 100644 --- a/lev/27/06.md +++ b/lev/27/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Al # three shekels If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: "three pieces of silver" or "thirty grams of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/07.md b/lev/27/07.md index 6043970807..8d2fccc072 100644 --- a/lev/27/07.md +++ b/lev/27/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Al # for a female ten shekels The phrases "of that age" and "your standard value must be" are left out, but are meant to be understood. Alternate translation: "for a female of that age your standard value must be ten shekels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/08.md b/lev/27/08.md index 78f6f070ee..cbc948b19d 100644 --- a/lev/27/08.md +++ b/lev/27/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the person being given must be presented to the priest This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he must present to the priest the person he is giving" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/09.md b/lev/27/09.md index 4ea58f1427..d6cd559372 100644 --- a/lev/27/09.md +++ b/lev/27/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # any part of that animal that is given to Yahweh becomes holy "you must set apart to Yahweh any part of that animal that that person has given to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/27/10.md b/lev/27/10.md index 88aafad173..8f6b8ba27a 100644 --- a/lev/27/10.md +++ b/lev/27/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # both it and the substitute This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "both it and the one he exchanges it for" or "both animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/11.md b/lev/27/11.md index f2f2631100..9fb9999da8 100644 --- a/lev/27/11.md +++ b/lev/27/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is an unclean animal that people cannot give as an offering to Yahweh If Yahweh will not accept a certain animal as an offering, the animal is spoken of as if it were physically dirty. It may be unclean because it is a certain kind of animal or because it has a defect. Alternate translation: "is in fact one that Yahweh will not accept because it is unclean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/12.md b/lev/27/12.md index b704e04534..7de8042bc9 100644 --- a/lev/27/12.md +++ b/lev/27/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # market value This is the value the animal is normally worth when someone buys or sells it. - diff --git a/lev/27/13.md b/lev/27/13.md index f1e9e0b52f..cde247b020 100644 --- a/lev/27/13.md +++ b/lev/27/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wishes to redeem it "wishes to buy it back" - diff --git a/lev/27/14.md b/lev/27/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/27/14.md +++ b/lev/27/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/27/15.md b/lev/27/15.md index f038613474..7c4390ab0c 100644 --- a/lev/27/15.md +++ b/lev/27/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he must add a fifth of its value to its redemption price A "fifth" is a part of something that is divided into five equal parts. Alternate translation: "he must divide the value of the house into five equal parts, add the amount equal to one of those parts, and pay all of it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/16.md b/lev/27/16.md index cecff2282d..cc80aaa120 100644 --- a/lev/27/16.md +++ b/lev/27/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A homer is 220 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) # fifty shekels of silver If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two way of doing it. Alternate translation: "fifty pieces of silver, each of which weighs ten grams" or "five hundred grams of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/17.md b/lev/27/17.md index e4567518cf..47f4481039 100644 --- a/lev/27/17.md +++ b/lev/27/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This occurs every 50 years. See how you translated "Jubilee" in [Leviticus 25:10 # the valuation of it will stand "Stand" represents "remain" or "remain the same." Alternate translation: "its value will remain the same" or "its value will be the full amount" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/18.md b/lev/27/18.md index b2331369ae..b728f330f8 100644 --- a/lev/27/18.md +++ b/lev/27/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the valuation of it must be reduced This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he must reduce the estimated value" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/19.md b/lev/27/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/27/19.md +++ b/lev/27/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/27/20.md b/lev/27/20.md index bf3f682d61..89853e8f4d 100644 --- a/lev/27/20.md +++ b/lev/27/20.md @@ -5,6 +5,3 @@ The time for redeeming the field can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: I # it cannot be redeemed any more This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he can no longer buy it back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - - - diff --git a/lev/27/21.md b/lev/27/21.md index 4ed5dc121c..d27915d231 100644 --- a/lev/27/21.md +++ b/lev/27/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that has been completely given to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that someone has completely given to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/22.md b/lev/27/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/27/22.md +++ b/lev/27/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/27/23.md b/lev/27/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/27/23.md +++ b/lev/27/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/27/24.md b/lev/27/24.md index 17f2b61333..d9cde6d8cf 100644 --- a/lev/27/24.md +++ b/lev/27/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phases refer to the same person. Normally the land would be bought fro # the man from whom it was bought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the man who sold it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/25.md b/lev/27/25.md index 1408951cf9..07ae1ce39a 100644 --- a/lev/27/25.md +++ b/lev/27/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The purpose of this sentence is to tell how much the sanctuary shekel weighs. Th # Twenty gerahs must be the equivalent of one shekel If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here is a way to do it. Alternate translation: "One shekel must weigh ten grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/26.md b/lev/27/26.md index 14d66895ed..1b81a86885 100644 --- a/lev/27/26.md +++ b/lev/27/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No one may set apart "No one may set apart to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/27/27.md b/lev/27/27.md index 0802a11c51..32459d15d8 100644 --- a/lev/27/27.md +++ b/lev/27/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If the person does no # it is to be sold at the set value This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the priest must sell it at the set value" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/28.md b/lev/27/28.md index 3b78987755..bb1c12f5ef 100644 --- a/lev/27/28.md +++ b/lev/27/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one may sell or re # Everything that is devoted is very holy to Yahweh "Everything that anyone devotes to Yahweh is very holy to Yahweh" - diff --git a/lev/27/29.md b/lev/27/29.md index 9d72308a8d..d5b5ecab34 100644 --- a/lev/27/29.md +++ b/lev/27/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Why a person would be devoted to destruction can be stated clearly. Alternate tr # That person must be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must put that person to death" or "you must kill that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/30.md b/lev/27/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/lev/27/30.md +++ b/lev/27/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/lev/27/31.md b/lev/27/31.md index 5e252933e4..76a2f13bbd 100644 --- a/lev/27/31.md +++ b/lev/27/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If a man redeems any of his tithe "If a man wants to buy back any of his tithe" - diff --git a/lev/27/32.md b/lev/27/32.md index 37bc294c99..02e8d7fc16 100644 --- a/lev/27/32.md +++ b/lev/27/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must set apart on # one-tenth "every tenth animal" - diff --git a/lev/27/33.md b/lev/27/33.md index 83658a4a32..ae2b3ad0af 100644 --- a/lev/27/33.md +++ b/lev/27/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # It cannot be redeemed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He cannot redeem it" or "He cannot buy it back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/lev/27/34.md b/lev/27/34.md index dc0ce55891..c2e1da775c 100644 --- a/lev/27/34.md +++ b/lev/27/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These are the commandments This is a summary statement. It refers to the commandments that were given in the past chapters. - diff --git a/lev/27/intro.md b/lev/27/intro.md index a5c421faa5..72eb1296e6 100644 --- a/lev/27/intro.md +++ b/lev/27/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Leviticus 27 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Dedicated to Yahweh +### Dedicated to Yahweh This chapter records the manner in which people make vows of dedication to Yahweh. There are many reasons why a person would dedicate something to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter records the manner in which people make vows of dedication to Yahwe * __[Leviticus 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/lev/front/intro.md b/lev/front/intro.md index 3d3bc60ec9..573f5a41b5 100644 --- a/lev/front/intro.md +++ b/lev/front/intro.md @@ -5,29 +5,39 @@ ### Outline of Leviticus 1. Instructions to the Israelites about offerings (1:1–6:7) - - Burnt offerings (1:1–17) - - Grain offerings (2:1–16) - - Fellowship offerings (3:1–17) - - Offerings for unintentional sins (4:1-5:13) - - Guilt offerings (5:14–6:7) + + - Burnt offerings (1:1–17) + - Grain offerings (2:1–16) + - Fellowship offerings (3:1–17) + - Offerings for unintentional sins (4:1-5:13) + - Guilt offerings (5:14–6:7) + 1. Instructions to the priests about offerings (6:8–7:10) - - Burnt offerings (6:8-13) - - Grain offerings (6:14-23) - - Sin offerings (6:24-30) - - Guilt offerings (7:1-10) + + - Burnt offerings (6:8-13) + - Grain offerings (6:14-23) + - Sin offerings (6:24-30) + - Guilt offerings (7:1-10) + 1. Further instructions to the Israelites (7:11–7:38) - - Peace offerings (7:11–21) - - Eating fat and blood forbidden (7:22-27) - - The share for the priests (7:28–7:38) + + - Peace offerings (7:11–21) + - Eating fat and blood forbidden (7:22-27) + - The share for the priests (7:28–7:38) + 1. Setting apart the priests (8:1–10:20) - - Aaron and his sons ordained (8:1–36) - - Aaron as high priest (9:1–24) - - Nadab and Abihu punished (10:1–20) + + - Aaron and his sons ordained (8:1–36) + - Aaron as high priest (9:1–24) + - Nadab and Abihu punished (10:1–20) + 1. Laws about clean and unclean things (11:1–15:33) - - Clean and unclean food (11:1–47) - - Women purified after giving birth to a child (12:1–8) - - Skin, clothing, houses (13:1–14:47) - - Bodily fluids (15:1–33) + + - Clean and unclean food (11:1–47) + - Women purified after giving birth to a child (12:1–8) + - Skin, clothing, houses (13:1–14:47) + - Bodily fluids (15:1–33) + 1. Day of Atonement; the place of the offering; the nature of blood (16:1–17:16) 1. Setting apart for worship and service; being disqualified from service (18:1–24:23) 1. The years of rest and release (25:1–55) @@ -37,7 +47,7 @@ ### What is the book of Leviticus about? In the Book of Leviticus, God continues to give laws through Moses to the people of Israel. The people were to obey all of these laws to honor their covenant with God. - + ### How should the title of this book be translated? "Leviticus" means "about the Levites." The Levites were the tribe of Israel that provided priests and other workers in the tabernacle. If the people in the project language do not understand the term "Levites," you can call it "The Book about the Priests" or "The Book about the Tabernacle Workers." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) @@ -48,11 +58,11 @@ The writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involv ### What is the meaning of "holy" and "holiness" in the book of Leviticus? -These terms concern separating someone or something from the rest of the people, from the world, or from ordinary use. God separated these people or things so they would belong only to him. The people were to consider the places for worshiping God or for honoring him in any way as separate. The people could not use them for anything else. God required the Israelites to live in a certain way in order to live as a nation belonging to him alone. +These terms concern separating someone or something from the rest of the people, from the world, or from ordinary use. God separated these people or things so they would belong only to him. The people were to consider the places for worshiping God or for honoring him in any way as separate. The people could not use them for anything else. God required the Israelites to live in a certain way in order to live as a nation belonging to him alone. Anyone or anything that was acceptable to God or "holy" was spoken of as if they were physically clean. -In the same way, anyone or anything that was not acceptable to God or not holy was spoken of if they were physically unclean. +In the same way, anyone or anything that was not acceptable to God or not holy was spoken of if they were physically unclean. Some people and some things could be made clean or "cleansed," that is, acceptable to God. People or things were made clean if the people performed the right sacrifices and ceremonies. For example, some foreigners who wished to live among the Israelites and worship Yahweh could be made clean. However, other people and things could never be made acceptable to him. @@ -62,13 +72,13 @@ Because God does not sin, the terms "holy" and "holiness" often suggest this sam ### What are the important narrative features of Leviticus? -On seventeen occasions, the phrase "The Lord said to Moses" (and sometimes Aaron) is often used to begin paragraphs. God and Moses frequently spoke to others. The verb "speak" is used thirty-eight times. +On seventeen occasions, the phrase "The Lord said to Moses" (and sometimes Aaron) is often used to begin paragraphs. God and Moses frequently spoke to others. The verb "speak" is used thirty-eight times. ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts ### Why did the Israelites need so many rules about sacrificing animals? -Leviticus shows that God is holy. That means God is very different from humanity and the rest of the created world. God does not sin. Because of this, it is impossible to be acceptable to him without being "cleansed." The many kinds of sacrifices were meant to make people and things acceptable to God. However, the people had to continue making animal sacrifices so that they would continue to be acceptable to God. This was a sign that pointed to a need for a better sacrifice. They needed a sacrifice that would cause them to be acceptable to God forever. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +Leviticus shows that God is holy. That means God is very different from humanity and the rest of the created world. God does not sin. Because of this, it is impossible to be acceptable to him without being "cleansed." The many kinds of sacrifices were meant to make people and things acceptable to God. However, the people had to continue making animal sacrifices so that they would continue to be acceptable to God. This was a sign that pointed to a need for a better sacrifice. They needed a sacrifice that would cause them to be acceptable to God forever. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ### Why was the priesthood important in the book of Leviticus? @@ -82,9 +92,8 @@ It was common for other nations to sacrifice animals to their idols. But, the ot ### What important symbols are introduced in Leviticus? -Oil was poured on someone or something meant to be set apart for Yahweh. Water was used to symbolize the cleansing of someone or something so God could accept them. Blood was also used to cleanse and purify people and things. This is because blood represented life that needed to be shed in order for God to forgive people for sinning. +Oil was poured on someone or something meant to be set apart for Yahweh. Water was used to symbolize the cleansing of someone or something so God could accept them. Blood was also used to cleanse and purify people and things. This is because blood represented life that needed to be shed in order for God to forgive people for sinning. ### Why do many sections begin with the phrase "Yahweh said to Moses?" This phrase shows the reader that these rules come from God and must be obeyed. You could also translate this as "God told Moses." - diff --git a/luk/01/01.md b/luk/01/01.md index d3eb625d81..6d4b7f5f85 100644 --- a/luk/01/01.md +++ b/luk/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Luke explains why he writes to Theophilus. # among us No one knows for sure who Theophilus was. If he was a Christian, the word "us" here would include him and so be inclusive, and if not, it would be exclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/02.md b/luk/01/02.md index 32e50638a4..1bc26cbb5b 100644 --- a/luk/01/02.md +++ b/luk/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An "eyewitness" is a person who saw something happen, and a servant of the word # servants of the word The word "word" is a synecdoche for a message made up of many words. Alternate translation: "servants of the message" or "servants of God's message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/03.md b/luk/01/03.md index 9e26755dc3..7fcf4185e2 100644 --- a/luk/01/03.md +++ b/luk/01/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Luke said this to show honor and respect for Theophilus. This may mean that Theo # Theophilus This name means "friend of God." It may describe this man's character or it may have been his actual name. Most translations have it as a name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/04.md b/luk/01/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/01/04.md +++ b/luk/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/01/05.md b/luk/01/05.md index 639d753f0e..1d5194b422 100644 --- a/luk/01/05.md +++ b/luk/01/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It is understood that this refers to the priests. Alternate translation: "divisi # of Abijah "who descended from Abijah." Abijah was an ancestor of this group of priests and all of them were descended from Aaron, who was the first Israelite priest. - diff --git a/luk/01/06.md b/luk/01/06.md index 01e187dc5c..391114d9f1 100644 --- a/luk/01/06.md +++ b/luk/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the commandments and statutes of the Lord "all that the Lord had commanded and required" - diff --git a/luk/01/07.md b/luk/01/07.md index a1350b21a2..cfe14614ef 100644 --- a/luk/01/07.md +++ b/luk/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This contrast word shows that what follows here is the opposite of what is expec # they were both advanced in their days This is a euphemism that says that they were very old. Alternate translation: "they had both lived many days" or "they had both lived many years" or "they were both very old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/08.md b/luk/01/08.md index 533611ef34..816bdd075a 100644 --- a/luk/01/08.md +++ b/luk/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that Zechariah was in God's temple and that these priestly duties # in the order of his division "when it was his group's turn" or "when the time came for his group to serve" - diff --git a/luk/01/09.md b/luk/01/09.md index 3c7817509f..dba57e97a3 100644 --- a/luk/01/09.md +++ b/luk/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A lot was a marked stone that was thrown or rolled on the ground in order to dec # to burn incense The priests were to burn sweet-smelling incense as an offering to God each morning and evening on a special altar inside the temple. - diff --git a/luk/01/10.md b/luk/01/10.md index ef684fd320..6f30369c22 100644 --- a/luk/01/10.md +++ b/luk/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The courtyard was the enclosed area surrounding the temple. Alternate translatio # at the hour "at the set time." It is unclear if this was the morning or evening time for the incense offering. - diff --git a/luk/01/11.md b/luk/01/11.md index f12aaa6828..0d5e3c263f 100644 --- a/luk/01/11.md +++ b/luk/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word marks the beginning of the action in the story. # appeared to him "suddenly came to him" or "was suddenly there with Zechariah." This expresses that the angel was present with Zechariah, and not simply a vision. - diff --git a/luk/01/12.md b/luk/01/12.md index 9313aa9fae..3be0ef9339 100644 --- a/luk/01/12.md +++ b/luk/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing, and emphasize how afraid Zechariah was. # fear fell on him Fear is described as if it was something that attacked or overpowered Zechariah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/13.md b/luk/01/13.md index 9859b010ad..9d42b94e36 100644 --- a/luk/01/13.md +++ b/luk/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. It is implied that God will give Zechariah wh # bear you a son "have a son for you" or "give birth to your son" - diff --git a/luk/01/14.md b/luk/01/14.md index b87963f26f..b0cfe0e1ec 100644 --- a/luk/01/14.md +++ b/luk/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "joy" and "gladness" mean the same thing and are used to emphasize how # at his birth "because of his birth" - diff --git a/luk/01/15.md b/luk/01/15.md index 0f6e981004..f27c0e057f 100644 --- a/luk/01/15.md +++ b/luk/01/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Holy Spirit will # from his mother's womb "even while he is in his mother's womb" or "even before he is born" - diff --git a/luk/01/16.md b/luk/01/16.md index 00ae049b89..7a03193915 100644 --- a/luk/01/16.md +++ b/luk/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Many of the descendants of Israel will be turned to the Lord their God Here "be turned" is a metaphor for a person repenting and worshiping the Lord. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He will cause many of the people of Israel to repent and worship the Lord their God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/17.md b/luk/01/17.md index fc9e528f76..cd48c359db 100644 --- a/luk/01/17.md +++ b/luk/01/17.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here this refers to people who do not obey the Lord. # make ready for the Lord a people prepared for him What the people will be prepared to do can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "make ready for the Lord a people who are prepared to believe his message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/18.md b/luk/01/18.md index 3dc22f13ab..eb5d00a4af 100644 --- a/luk/01/18.md +++ b/luk/01/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my wife is advanced in her days This is a euphemism that says that she was very old. See how you translated similar words in [Luke 1:7](./07.md). Alternate translation: "she has lived many days" or "she has lived many years" or "she is very old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/19.md b/luk/01/19.md index 35810eca2c..82fd6ee0d5 100644 --- a/luk/01/19.md +++ b/luk/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is stated as a rebuke to Zechariah. The presence of Gabriel, coming directl # I was sent to speak to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God sent me to speak to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/20.md b/luk/01/20.md index 384e99c2b4..799fd677ab 100644 --- a/luk/01/20.md +++ b/luk/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These mean the same thing, and are repeated to emphasize the completeness of his # at the right time "at the appointed time" - diff --git a/luk/01/21.md b/luk/01/21.md index c5689fd88d..c793085644 100644 --- a/luk/01/21.md +++ b/luk/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This marks a shift in the story from what happened inside the temple to what happened outside. Alternate translation: "While that was happening" or "While the angel and Zechariah were talking" - diff --git a/luk/01/22.md b/luk/01/22.md index aeb9276483..3cab04f12b 100644 --- a/luk/01/22.md +++ b/luk/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These things probably happened at the same time, and Zechariah's signs helped th # a vision The earlier description indicated that Gabriel actually came to Zechariah in the temple. The people, not knowing that, assumed Zechariah saw a vision. - diff --git a/luk/01/23.md b/luk/01/23.md index 046d8ae03c..5c9a163e85 100644 --- a/luk/01/23.md +++ b/luk/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase moves the story ahead to when Zechariah's service was ended. # he went to his house Zechariah did not live in Jerusalem, where the temple was located. He traveled to his home town. - diff --git a/luk/01/24.md b/luk/01/24.md index 3489971642..88ad1fa2de 100644 --- a/luk/01/24.md +++ b/luk/01/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "these days" refers to the time Zechariah was serving in the temple. # kept herself hidden "did not leave her house" - diff --git a/luk/01/25.md b/luk/01/25.md index a278c088e0..9350222d7e 100644 --- a/luk/01/25.md +++ b/luk/01/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a positive exclamation. She is very happy with what the Lord has done fo # my shame This refers to the shame she felt when she was not able to have children. - diff --git a/luk/01/26.md b/luk/01/26.md index 6ea51e3ac6..95525e8d5b 100644 --- a/luk/01/26.md +++ b/luk/01/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the angel Gabriel was sent from God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God told the angel Gabriel to go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/27.md b/luk/01/27.md index be9095299e..22d69879d9 100644 --- a/luk/01/27.md +++ b/luk/01/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Mary's parents had agreed that Mary would marry Joseph. Though they had not had # the virgin's name was Mary This introduces Mary as a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/28.md b/luk/01/28.md index 9f28e45b02..b11d81dad6 100644 --- a/luk/01/28.md +++ b/luk/01/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a common greeting. It means: "Rejoice" or "Be glad." # The Lord is with you "with you" here is an idiom that implies support and acceptance. Alternate translation: "The Lord is pleased with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/29.md b/luk/01/29.md index 35185efa30..5b7e153e32 100644 --- a/luk/01/29.md +++ b/luk/01/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she was very confused by his words and she wondered what kind of greeting this could be Mary understood the meaning of the individual words, but she did not understand why the angel said this amazing greeting to her. - diff --git a/luk/01/30.md b/luk/01/30.md index ab98a8a6f9..1d6751305e 100644 --- a/luk/01/30.md +++ b/luk/01/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel does not want Mary to be afraid of his appearance, because God sent hi # you have found favor with God The idiom "to find favor" means to be positively received by someone. The sentence can be altered to show God as the actor. Alternate translation: "God has decided to give you his grace" or "God is showing you his kindness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/31.md b/luk/01/31.md index ab25830ffe..20dddc1653 100644 --- a/luk/01/31.md +++ b/luk/01/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will conceive in your womb and bear a son ... Jesus Mary will bear "a son" who will be called "the Son of the Most High." Jesus is therefore a human son born of a human mother, and he is also the Son of God. These terms should be translated very carefully. - diff --git a/luk/01/32.md b/luk/01/32.md index 916ed66957..a06e3ce0f0 100644 --- a/luk/01/32.md +++ b/luk/01/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # give him the throne of his ancestor David The throne represents the king's authority to rule. Alternate translation: "give him authority to rule as king as his ancestor David did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/33.md b/luk/01/33.md index 1f3799db47..be2d647c02 100644 --- a/luk/01/33.md +++ b/luk/01/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there will be no end to his kingdom The negative phrase "no end" emphasizes that it continues forever. It could also be stated with a positive phrase. Alternate translation: "his kingdom will never end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/34.md b/luk/01/34.md index 48c636d913..8a46f6639f 100644 --- a/luk/01/34.md +++ b/luk/01/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Though Mary did not understand how it could happen, she did not doubt that it wo # I have not known any man Mary used this polite expression to say that she had not engaged in sexual activity. Alternate translation: "I am a virgin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/35.md b/luk/01/35.md index 37f8731449..9e255123ff 100644 --- a/luk/01/35.md +++ b/luk/01/35.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So the holy one who w # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/36.md b/luk/01/36.md index 86bb80a62e..6b6dfaf9b7 100644 --- a/luk/01/36.md +++ b/luk/01/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If you need to state a specific relationship, Elizabeth was probably Mary's aunt # the sixth month for her "the sixth month of her pregnancy" - diff --git a/luk/01/37.md b/luk/01/37.md index f65772797c..4a8e37b72d 100644 --- a/luk/01/37.md +++ b/luk/01/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # nothing will be impossible for God Elizabeth's pregnancy was proof that God was able to do anything—even enable Mary to become pregnant without her sleeping with a man. The double negatives in this statement can be stated with positive terms. Alternate translation: "everything will be possible for God" or "God can do anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/38.md b/luk/01/38.md index f2a68ba330..c17e4661f6 100644 --- a/luk/01/38.md +++ b/luk/01/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Choose an expression that shows her humility and obedience to the Lord. She was # Let it be for me "Let this happen to me." Mary was expressing her willingness for the things to happen that the angel had told her were about to happen. - diff --git a/luk/01/39.md b/luk/01/39.md index fb01ce83e6..8a571b2d1f 100644 --- a/luk/01/39.md +++ b/luk/01/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means she not only stood up, but also "got ready." Alternate translat # the hill country "the hilly area" or "the mountainous part of Israel" - diff --git a/luk/01/40.md b/luk/01/40.md index 839657e00d..47b01cf223 100644 --- a/luk/01/40.md +++ b/luk/01/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She went It is implied that Mary finished her journey before she went in to Zechariah's house. This could be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "When she arrived, she went" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/41.md b/luk/01/41.md index 4f3661cfac..916a0a6b61 100644 --- a/luk/01/41.md +++ b/luk/01/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase is used to mark a new event in this part of the story. # jumped moved suddenly - diff --git a/luk/01/42.md b/luk/01/42.md index 34305b054f..4e1526e1c7 100644 --- a/luk/01/42.md +++ b/luk/01/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "among women" means "more than any other woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # the fruit of your womb Mary's baby is spoken of as if it is the fruit that a plant produces. Alternate translation: "the baby in your womb" or "the baby you will bear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/43.md b/luk/01/43.md index 588b34c541..b3c791a0ef 100644 --- a/luk/01/43.md +++ b/luk/01/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Elizabeth is not asking for information. She was showing how surprised and happy # the mother of my Lord It can be made clear that Elizabeth was calling Mary "the mother of my Lord" by adding the word "you." Alternate translation: "you, the mother of my Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/44.md b/luk/01/44.md index fe3ed3e80e..1c6e3b745d 100644 --- a/luk/01/44.md +++ b/luk/01/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Hearing a sound is spoken of as if the sound came to the ears. Alternate transla # jumped for joy "moved suddenly with joy" or "turned forcefully because he was so happy" - diff --git a/luk/01/45.md b/luk/01/45.md index 338482b60c..904ffbfd20 100644 --- a/luk/01/45.md +++ b/luk/01/45.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The passive verb can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God w # the things that were told her from the Lord The word "from" is used here instead of "by" because it was the angel Gabriel whom Mary actually heard speak (see [Luke 1:26](../01/26.md)), but the message ("the things") came ultimately from the Lord. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the message that she heard from the Lord" or "the Lord's message that the angel told her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/46.md b/luk/01/46.md index 7137bd76ec..3d789d7204 100644 --- a/luk/01/46.md +++ b/luk/01/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Mary begins a song of praise to the Lord her Savior. # My soul praises The word "soul" refers to the spiritual part of a person. Mary is saying that her worship comes from deep inside her. Alternate translation: "My inner being praises" or "I praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/47.md b/luk/01/47.md index 8998174d7f..6c5dcff608 100644 --- a/luk/01/47.md +++ b/luk/01/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both "soul" and "spirit" refer to the spiritual part of a person. Mary is saying # God my Savior "God, the One who saves me" or "God, who saves me" - diff --git a/luk/01/48.md b/luk/01/48.md index e4c31b05bd..cfada74a84 100644 --- a/luk/01/48.md +++ b/luk/01/48.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrase calls attention to the statement that follows. # all generations "the people in all generations" - diff --git a/luk/01/49.md b/luk/01/49.md index 0aa70f0acd..9a0df3f026 100644 --- a/luk/01/49.md +++ b/luk/01/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his name Here "name" refers to the entire person of God. Alternate translation: "he" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/50.md b/luk/01/50.md index ad12d22cd5..fe230941b0 100644 --- a/luk/01/50.md +++ b/luk/01/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from generation to generation "from one generation to the next generation" or "throughout every generation" or "to people in every time period" - diff --git a/luk/01/51.md b/luk/01/51.md index 166f4951f4..898eec346f 100644 --- a/luk/01/51.md +++ b/luk/01/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "his arm" is a metonym that stands for God's power. Alternate translation: # who were proud about the thoughts of their hearts Here "hearts" is a metonym for people's inner beings. Alternate translation: "who were proud in their thoughts" or "who were proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/52.md b/luk/01/52.md index c698152022..5631fc26fc 100644 --- a/luk/01/52.md +++ b/luk/01/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this word picture, people who are important are higher than people who are le # of low condition "in poverty." See how you translated this in [Luke 1:48](../01/48.md). - diff --git a/luk/01/53.md b/luk/01/53.md index 773620e723..66873d7151 100644 --- a/luk/01/53.md +++ b/luk/01/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The contrast between these two opposite actions should be made clear in the tran # filled the hungry with good things Possible meanings are 1) "given the hungry good food to eat" or 2) "given the needy good things." - diff --git a/luk/01/54.md b/luk/01/54.md index fbc2520f7e..802f4b392b 100644 --- a/luk/01/54.md +++ b/luk/01/54.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ If readers confuse this with the man named Israel, it could be translated as "hi # to remember God cannot forget. When God "remembers," it is an idiom that means God acts upon his earlier promise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/55.md b/luk/01/55.md index e3eb9d251c..b413a4be05 100644 --- a/luk/01/55.md +++ b/luk/01/55.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The information in verses 54 and 55 can be rearranged, as in the UDB, to make th # his descendants "Abraham's descendants" - diff --git a/luk/01/56.md b/luk/01/56.md index 8a1636ff55..73e61f6ce9 100644 --- a/luk/01/56.md +++ b/luk/01/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # returned to her house "Mary returned to her (Mary's) house" or "Mary returned to her own house" - diff --git a/luk/01/57.md b/luk/01/57.md index 665f6e311f..b7c02793bb 100644 --- a/luk/01/57.md +++ b/luk/01/57.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word marks the beginning of the next event in the story. # deliver her baby "give birth to her baby" - diff --git a/luk/01/58.md b/luk/01/58.md index 4d47697ba9..9aa02fd65e 100644 --- a/luk/01/58.md +++ b/luk/01/58.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # shown his great mercy to her "been very kind to her" - diff --git a/luk/01/59.md b/luk/01/59.md index b95c817e0e..9c944d42f6 100644 --- a/luk/01/59.md +++ b/luk/01/59.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was often a ceremony where one person circumcised the baby and friends were # after the name of his father "his father's name" - diff --git a/luk/01/60.md b/luk/01/60.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/01/60.md +++ b/luk/01/60.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/01/61.md b/luk/01/61.md index d88b704bac..05bf7cd5f4 100644 --- a/luk/01/61.md +++ b/luk/01/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by this name "by that name" or "by the same name" - diff --git a/luk/01/62.md b/luk/01/62.md index 0c4f591d42..3cb5009c5b 100644 --- a/luk/01/62.md +++ b/luk/01/62.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the people who were there for the circumcision ceremony. # how he wanted him to be named "what name Zechariah wanted to give the baby" - diff --git a/luk/01/63.md b/luk/01/63.md index e42b4981d6..62faa354d1 100644 --- a/luk/01/63.md +++ b/luk/01/63.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since he could not speak, it may be helpful to state this differently. Alternate # astonished greatly surprised or amazed - diff --git a/luk/01/64.md b/luk/01/64.md index 17e0c74e0c..8fc25680cc 100644 --- a/luk/01/64.md +++ b/luk/01/64.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are word pictures that together emphasize that Zechariah was s # his mouth was opened and his tongue was freed These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God opened his mouth and freed his tongue" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/65.md b/luk/01/65.md index ef509fd417..fb621e4146 100644 --- a/luk/01/65.md +++ b/luk/01/65.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "all" here is a generalization. Alternate translation: "those who lived # All these matters were spread throughout all the hill country of Judea The phrase "these matters were spread" is a metaphor for people talking about them. The passive verb here can also be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "All these matters were talked about by people throughout all the hill country of Judea" or "People throughout the hill country of Judea talked about all these matters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/66.md b/luk/01/66.md index 09492b37cb..d2cab48cdc 100644 --- a/luk/01/66.md +++ b/luk/01/66.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ People carefully remembering things so that they can think about them later is s # the hand of the Lord was with him The phrase "the hand of the Lord" refers to the Lord's power. Alternate translation: "the Lord's power was with him" or "the Lord was working in him powerfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/67.md b/luk/01/67.md index 213eafbdfd..eb9b00177d 100644 --- a/luk/01/67.md +++ b/luk/01/67.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ John's father # prophesied, saying Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotes in your language. Alternate translation: "prophesied and said" or "prophesied, and this is what he said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/68.md b/luk/01/68.md index 6aab96acef..2fd2a90d09 100644 --- a/luk/01/68.md +++ b/luk/01/68.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his people "God's people" - diff --git a/luk/01/69.md b/luk/01/69.md index 5ac2019442..1e4f67296c 100644 --- a/luk/01/69.md +++ b/luk/01/69.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The horn of an animal is a symbol of its power to defend itself. To raise up her # in the house of his servant David David's "house" here represents his family, specifically, his descendants. Alternate translation: "in the family of his servant David" or "who is a descendant of his servant David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/70.md b/luk/01/70.md index d7260cd250..dbebf4ac6b 100644 --- a/luk/01/70.md +++ b/luk/01/70.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets from long ago God speaking by the prophets' mouths represents God causing his prophets to say what he wanted them to say. Alternate translation: "he caused his holy prophets who lived long ago to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/71.md b/luk/01/71.md index 96f3338c3a..97db4b66b4 100644 --- a/luk/01/71.md +++ b/luk/01/71.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are repeated to emphasize ho # hand The hand is a metonym for the power that the person uses the hand to exercise. Alternate translation: "power" or "control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/72.md b/luk/01/72.md index 604fa61340..076a6e050b 100644 --- a/luk/01/72.md +++ b/luk/01/72.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # remember Here the word "remember" means to keep a commitment or fulfill something. - diff --git a/luk/01/73.md b/luk/01/73.md index 65dc0018e9..4e2f50efd1 100644 --- a/luk/01/73.md +++ b/luk/01/73.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the oath that he swore These words refer to "his holy covenant" ([Luke 1:72](../01/72.md)). - diff --git a/luk/01/74.md b/luk/01/74.md index 568666d5f4..1a98f97796 100644 --- a/luk/01/74.md +++ b/luk/01/74.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to the control or power a person. This could be stated clearl # without fear This refers back to the fear of their enemies. Alternate translation: "without being afraid of our enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/75.md b/luk/01/75.md index 78b24bc8cc..dbeac819a5 100644 --- a/luk/01/75.md +++ b/luk/01/75.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "holiness" and "righteousness. # before him This is an idiom which means "in his presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/76.md b/luk/01/76.md index 9f65b5c362..5c392ebc48 100644 --- a/luk/01/76.md +++ b/luk/01/76.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Before the Lord comes, he will go and announce to the people that the Lord will # to prepare his paths This is a metaphor that means that John will prepare the people to listen to and believe the Lord's message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/77.md b/luk/01/77.md index 43b65d242b..d0445f1b83 100644 --- a/luk/01/77.md +++ b/luk/01/77.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to give knowledge of salvation to his people by the forgiveness of their sins The phrase "give knowledge" is a metaphor for teaching. The abstract nouns "salvation" and "forgiveness" can be expressed with the verbs "save" and "forgive." Alternate translation: "to teach his people salvation through the forgiveness of their sins" or "to teach his people how God saves people by forgiving their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/78.md b/luk/01/78.md index acd159007e..190d44854a 100644 --- a/luk/01/78.md +++ b/luk/01/78.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ It might be helpful to state that God's mercy helps people. Alternate translatio Light is often a metaphor for truth. Here, the Savior giving spiritual truth to people is spoken of as if he were a sunrise that shines light on the earth. Alternate translation: "the Savior, who is like a sunrise, will come from on high" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # from on high -"from heaven" +"from heaven" diff --git a/luk/01/79.md b/luk/01/79.md index 440c9f16dd..8b8ff643ed 100644 --- a/luk/01/79.md +++ b/luk/01/79.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Darkness is here a metaphor for the absence of spiritual truth. Here, people who # guide our feet into the path of peace Here "guide" is a metaphor for teaching, and "path of peace" is a metaphor for living at peace with God. The phrase "our feet" is a synecdoche that represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "teach us how to live at peace with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/01/80.md b/luk/01/80.md index 7aae7497e4..575549bb0a 100644 --- a/luk/01/80.md +++ b/luk/01/80.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This does not necessarily mark a stopping point. John continued to live out in t # the day This is used here in the general sense of "the time" or "the occasion." - diff --git a/luk/01/intro.md b/luk/01/intro.md index 5cedefffc4..4379205935 100644 --- a/luk/01/intro.md +++ b/luk/01/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Luke 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:46-55, 68-79. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "He will be called John" +### "He will be called John" Most people in the ancient Near East would give a child the same name as someone in their family. People were surprised that Elizabeth and Zechariah named their son John, because there was no one else in their family with that name. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter Luke's language is simple and straightforward. He does not use many figures of speech. @@ -20,4 +20,3 @@ Luke's language is simple and straightforward. He does not use many figures of s * __[Luke intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/02/01.md b/luk/02/01.md index 3ef45a3347..81949f1376 100644 --- a/luk/02/01.md +++ b/luk/02/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that they register al # the world Here the word "world" represents only the part of the world that Caesar August ruled. Alternate translation: "the Empire" or "the Roman world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/02.md b/luk/02/02.md index 26843afb46..0db0bb3135 100644 --- a/luk/02/02.md +++ b/luk/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Quirinius Quirinius was appointed to be the governor of Syria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/03.md b/luk/02/03.md index 9e2663fa80..0608964abd 100644 --- a/luk/02/03.md +++ b/luk/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the cities where people's ancestors lived. People may have lived # to be registered for the census "to have his name written in the register" or "to be included in the official count" - diff --git a/luk/02/04.md b/luk/02/04.md index 19fcda15e5..e69860f451 100644 --- a/luk/02/04.md +++ b/luk/02/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "the city of David" was a name for Bethlehem that tells why Bethlehem # because he was of the house and family line of David "because Joseph was a descendant of David" - diff --git a/luk/02/05.md b/luk/02/05.md index 43d6398589..61b1265373 100644 --- a/luk/02/05.md +++ b/luk/02/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Mary traveled with Joseph from Nazareth. It is likely that women were also taxed # who was engaged to him "his fiancee" or "who was promised to him." An engaged couple was considered legally married, but there would not have been physical intimacy between them. - diff --git a/luk/02/06.md b/luk/02/06.md index 7c27f7820d..c5fa8b6b41 100644 --- a/luk/02/06.md +++ b/luk/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase marks the beginning of the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ # the time came for her to deliver her baby "it was time to give birth to her baby" - diff --git a/luk/02/07.md b/luk/02/07.md index f8c5d8efb8..14f4155174 100644 --- a/luk/02/07.md +++ b/luk/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was some kind of box or frame that people put hay or other food in for anim # there was no room for them in the inn "there was no space for them to stay in the guest room." This was probably because so many people went to Bethlehem to register. Luke adds this as background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/08.md b/luk/02/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/02/08.md +++ b/luk/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/02/09.md b/luk/02/09.md index 6745e92448..afcacb686b 100644 --- a/luk/02/09.md +++ b/luk/02/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the glory of the Lord The source of the bright light was the glory of the Lord, which appeared at the same time as the angel. - diff --git a/luk/02/10.md b/luk/02/10.md index 4bc987fa9a..85b48fbadb 100644 --- a/luk/02/10.md +++ b/luk/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # all the people Some understand this to refer to the Jewish people. Others understand it to refer to all people. - diff --git a/luk/02/11.md b/luk/02/11.md index 79cfb19afd..7123fcaf63 100644 --- a/luk/02/11.md +++ b/luk/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the city of David This refers to Bethlehem. - diff --git a/luk/02/12.md b/luk/02/12.md index 7d7dfca975..8847a4040f 100644 --- a/luk/02/12.md +++ b/luk/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was the normal way that mothers protected and cared for their babies in tha # lying in a manger This was some kind of box or frame that people put hay or other food in for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [Luke 2:7](../02/07.md). - diff --git a/luk/02/13.md b/luk/02/13.md index d15d923fca..692d862422 100644 --- a/luk/02/13.md +++ b/luk/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words could refer to a literal army of angels, or it could be a metaphor f # praising God "giving praise to God" - diff --git a/luk/02/14.md b/luk/02/14.md index 5257fa1d98..a976cd70df 100644 --- a/luk/02/14.md +++ b/luk/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Give honor to God in the highest place" or 2) "Give th # may there be peace on earth among people with whom he is pleased "may those people on earth with whom God is pleased have peace" - diff --git a/luk/02/15.md b/luk/02/15.md index 99b1f0671f..2e8a25a749 100644 --- a/luk/02/15.md +++ b/luk/02/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Since the shepherds were speaking to one another, languages that have inclusive # this thing that has happened This refers to the birth of the baby, and not to the appearance of the angels. - diff --git a/luk/02/16.md b/luk/02/16.md index 7c3d7a6f74..53a5c33fed 100644 --- a/luk/02/16.md +++ b/luk/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lying in a manger A manger is a box or frame that people put hay or other food in for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [Luke 2:7](../02/07.md). - diff --git a/luk/02/17.md b/luk/02/17.md index 9ba626ac4c..d08ae34047 100644 --- a/luk/02/17.md +++ b/luk/02/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the angels had t # this child "the baby" - diff --git a/luk/02/18.md b/luk/02/18.md index fccbec2921..500255f273 100644 --- a/luk/02/18.md +++ b/luk/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was spoken to them by the shepherds This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the shepherds told them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/19.md b/luk/02/19.md index 21adeda272..e0ba27a9e9 100644 --- a/luk/02/19.md +++ b/luk/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # treasuring them in her heart A person who thinks is something is very valuable or precious is "treasuring" it. Mary considered the things she was told about her son to be very precious. Alternate translation: "carefully remembering them" or "joyfully remembering them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/20.md b/luk/02/20.md index 39a6b6a88b..a26e2ed3e4 100644 --- a/luk/02/20.md +++ b/luk/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # glorifying and praising God These are very similar and emphasize how excited they were about what God had done. Alternate translation: "talking about and praising God's greatness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/21.md b/luk/02/21.md index 02ab7613a1..006d8a3e3e 100644 --- a/luk/02/21.md +++ b/luk/02/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Joseph and Mary gave him his name. # the name he had been given by the angel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the name the angel had called him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/22.md b/luk/02/22.md index 10ff25c66d..1daaea5e0f 100644 --- a/luk/02/22.md +++ b/luk/02/22.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the number of days th "for them to become ceremonially clean." You can also state God's role. Alternate translation: "for God to consider them clean again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # they brought him up to the temple + "Mary and Joseph brought the baby up to the temple" # to present him to the Lord "to bring him to the Lord" or "to bring him into the Lord's presence." This was a ceremony acknowledging God's claim on the firstborn children who were male. - diff --git a/luk/02/23.md b/luk/02/23.md index a7aee785d2..a68905d733 100644 --- a/luk/02/23.md +++ b/luk/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "As Moses wrote" or "T # Every male who opens the womb This is an idiom meaning the first male born into a family. This referred to both animals and people. Alternate translation: "The first male that a mother gives birth to" or "Every firstborn male" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/24.md b/luk/02/24.md index 9af6b5fe39..bc3030b875 100644 --- a/luk/02/24.md +++ b/luk/02/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was said in the law of the Lord "that which the law of the Lord also says." This is a different place in the law. It refers to all males, whether firstborn or not. - diff --git a/luk/02/25.md b/luk/02/25.md index 57add90293..7148e3c0ba 100644 --- a/luk/02/25.md +++ b/luk/02/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. To "console" someone is # the Holy Spirit was upon him "the Holy Spirit was with him." God was with him in a special way and gave him wisdom and direction in his life. - diff --git a/luk/02/26.md b/luk/02/26.md index 5241eae8ab..2b6d0624cd 100644 --- a/luk/02/26.md +++ b/luk/02/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Holy Spirit had s # he would not see death before he had seen the Lord's Christ "he would see the Lord's Messiah before he died" - diff --git a/luk/02/27.md b/luk/02/27.md index 703b7a2be8..160e1cb6aa 100644 --- a/luk/02/27.md +++ b/luk/02/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some languages may say "went." # the custom of the law "the custom of the law of God" - diff --git a/luk/02/28.md b/luk/02/28.md index 05dd227010..d190ced704 100644 --- a/luk/02/28.md +++ b/luk/02/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he took him into his arms "Simeon took the infant Jesus into his arms" or "Simeon held Jesus in his arms" - diff --git a/luk/02/29.md b/luk/02/29.md index a5e61d2c49..c77caae68b 100644 --- a/luk/02/29.md +++ b/luk/02/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a euphemism meaning "die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) # according to your word "Word" here is a metonym for "promise." Alternate translation: "as you have promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/30.md b/luk/02/30.md index 5ea6fa1ad1..98f7ada6da 100644 --- a/luk/02/30.md +++ b/luk/02/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This expression means, "I have personally seen" or "I, myself, have seen" (See: # your salvation This expression refers to the person who would bring salvation—the infant Jesus—whom Simeon was holding. Alternate translation: "the savior whom you sent" or "the one whom you sent to save" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/31.md b/luk/02/31.md index 55f41080a4..09ab4165cc 100644 --- a/luk/02/31.md +++ b/luk/02/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Depending on how you translate the previous phrase, this may need to be changed # have prepared "have planned" or "caused to happen" - diff --git a/luk/02/32.md b/luk/02/32.md index d9b9b7c5ec..310f293a4b 100644 --- a/luk/02/32.md +++ b/luk/02/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be necessary to state what is to be revealed. Alternate translation: "tha # glory to your people Israel "he will be the reason that glory will come to your people Israel" - diff --git a/luk/02/33.md b/luk/02/33.md index 7f750015ea..bcfb05c0ec 100644 --- a/luk/02/33.md +++ b/luk/02/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what was said about him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things that Simeon said about him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/34.md b/luk/02/34.md index e6d75f07bf..c8e89108c9 100644 --- a/luk/02/34.md +++ b/luk/02/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Simeon used this expression to tell Mary that what he is about to say is extreme # this child is appointed for the downfall and rising up of many people in Israel The words "downfall" and "rising up" express turning away from God and drawing closer to God. Alternate translation: "this child will cause many people in Israel to fall away from God or to rise closer to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/35.md b/luk/02/35.md index 0cd451b8bf..70c25dc86b 100644 --- a/luk/02/35.md +++ b/luk/02/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor describes the deep sadness that Mary would feel. Alternate transla # the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed Here "hearts" is a metonym for people's inner beings. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he may reveal the thoughts of many people" or "he may reveal what many people secretly think" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/36.md b/luk/02/36.md index 7d794cc8e0..b77dd2f28e 100644 --- a/luk/02/36.md +++ b/luk/02/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a euphemism that says that she was very old. See how you translated simi # after her virginity "after she married him" - diff --git a/luk/02/37.md b/luk/02/37.md index df4e3e8507..f1cbb3c4f0 100644 --- a/luk/02/37.md +++ b/luk/02/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is probably an exaggeration meaning that she spent so much time in the temp # with fastings and prayers "by abstaining from food on many occasions and by offering many prayers" - diff --git a/luk/02/38.md b/luk/02/38.md index 84b036441f..62ce85ab57 100644 --- a/luk/02/38.md +++ b/luk/02/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the redemption of Jerusalem Here the word "redemption" is used to refer to the person who would do it. Alternate translation: "the one who would redeem Jerusalem" or "the person who would bring God's blessings and favor back to Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/39.md b/luk/02/39.md index b2a5d798a8..911372a23f 100644 --- a/luk/02/39.md +++ b/luk/02/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the law of the L # their own town of Nazareth This phrase means they lived in Nazareth. Make sure it does not sound like they owned the town. Alternate translation: "the town of Nazareth, where they lived" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/40.md b/luk/02/40.md index 9a9ed78af0..814afe5e16 100644 --- a/luk/02/40.md +++ b/luk/02/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the grace of God was upon him "God blessed him" or "God was with him in a special way" - diff --git a/luk/02/41.md b/luk/02/41.md index 13949c748b..8c5f4093a6 100644 --- a/luk/02/41.md +++ b/luk/02/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) # His parents "Jesus's parents" - diff --git a/luk/02/42.md b/luk/02/42.md index e28314cbc1..80aa6f4e4e 100644 --- a/luk/02/42.md +++ b/luk/02/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for # the festival The Festival of the Passover, which involved eating a ceremonial meal. - diff --git a/luk/02/43.md b/luk/02/43.md index 4f17b6b518..7cdec0ca7b 100644 --- a/luk/02/43.md +++ b/luk/02/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # After they had stayed the full number of days for the feast "When the entire time for celebrating the feast was over" or "After celebrating the feast for the required number of days" - diff --git a/luk/02/44.md b/luk/02/44.md index cffb8926df..452410fbb7 100644 --- a/luk/02/44.md +++ b/luk/02/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they traveled a day's journey "they traveled one day" or "they went as far as people walk in one day" - diff --git a/luk/02/45.md b/luk/02/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/02/45.md +++ b/luk/02/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/02/46.md b/luk/02/46.md index 6cea0b55da..f21873b82f 100644 --- a/luk/02/46.md +++ b/luk/02/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This does not mean the exact center. Rather, it means "among" or "together with" # the teachers "the religious teachers" or "those who taught people about God" - diff --git a/luk/02/47.md b/luk/02/47.md index 0f0633e2fa..259e3b9ea4 100644 --- a/luk/02/47.md +++ b/luk/02/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They could not understand how a twelve-year-old boy with no religious education # his answers "at how well he answered them" or "that he answered their questions so well" - diff --git a/luk/02/48.md b/luk/02/48.md index cb4a6b6ec4..38261b3b3e 100644 --- a/luk/02/48.md +++ b/luk/02/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was an indirect rebuke because he had not gone with them on the way back ho # Look This word is often used to show the beginning of a new or important event. It also can be used to show where the action begins. If your language has a phrase that is used in this way, consider whether it would be natural to use it here. - diff --git a/luk/02/49.md b/luk/02/49.md index bfe1282897..a8cd947ed0 100644 --- a/luk/02/49.md +++ b/luk/02/49.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Jesus meant these words literally, to indicate that he # my Father's business At age 12, Jesus, the Son of God, understood that God was his real Father (not Joseph, Mary's husband). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/50.md b/luk/02/50.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/02/50.md +++ b/luk/02/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/02/51.md b/luk/02/51.md index e70fb11d85..0a6abbaa4d 100644 --- a/luk/02/51.md +++ b/luk/02/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # treasured all these things in her heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's mind or inner being. Alternate translation: "carefully remembered all these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/02/52.md b/luk/02/52.md index c0773ae6e3..020f3e24c9 100644 --- a/luk/02/52.md +++ b/luk/02/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # increased in favor with God and people This refers to spiritual and social growth. These could be stated separately. Alternate translation: "God blessed him more and more, and people liked him more and more" - diff --git a/luk/02/intro.md b/luk/02/intro.md index f41d43f9f1..555838f096 100644 --- a/luk/02/intro.md +++ b/luk/02/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Luke 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 2:14, 29-32. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to s * __[Luke 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/03/01.md b/luk/03/01.md index 10141963fd..8128459e2e 100644 --- a/luk/03/01.md +++ b/luk/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Iturea and Trachonitis ... Abilene These are names of territories. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/02.md b/luk/03/02.md index 3d7cd7776d..e64419c04c 100644 --- a/luk/03/02.md +++ b/luk/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the word of God came The writer speaks of God's message as though it were a person who moved toward those who heard it. Alternate translation: "God spoke his message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/03.md b/luk/03/03.md index c6beba3172..bcfd0f1907 100644 --- a/luk/03/03.md +++ b/luk/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The terms "baptism" and "repentance" could be stated as actions. Alternate trans # for the forgiveness of sins They would repent so that God would forgive their sins. The term "forgiveness" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "so that their sins would be forgiven" or "so that God would forgive their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/04.md b/luk/03/04.md index 87d8f03f8b..4e4cc61b5b 100644 --- a/luk/03/04.md +++ b/luk/03/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The second command explains or adds more detail to the first. # the way "the path" or "the road" - diff --git a/luk/03/05.md b/luk/03/05.md index 03c3e05903..8c08a6f23b 100644 --- a/luk/03/05.md +++ b/luk/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They will fill in eve # every mountain and hill will be made low This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will level every mountain and hill" or "they will remove every high place in the road" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/06.md b/luk/03/06.md index 59dcf67107..c2e95d6cee 100644 --- a/luk/03/06.md +++ b/luk/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # see the salvation of God This can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "learn how God saves people from sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/07.md b/luk/03/07.md index 69c8c719f1..9557d18f89 100644 --- a/luk/03/07.md +++ b/luk/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ He was not really expecting them to answer. John was rebuking the people because # from the wrath that is coming The word "wrath" is used here to refer to God's punishment because his wrath precedes it. Alternate translation: "from the punishment that God is sending" or "from God's wrath on which he is about to act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/08.md b/luk/03/08.md index e26ae7aaa5..4d89079177 100644 --- a/luk/03/08.md +++ b/luk/03/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In this metaphor, a person's behavior is compared to fruit. Just as a plant is e # from these stones John was probably referring to the actual stones along the Jordan River. - diff --git a/luk/03/09.md b/luk/03/09.md index a0f0548563..a8e7f462f9 100644 --- a/luk/03/09.md +++ b/luk/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The ax that is in position so it can cut the roots of a tree is a metaphor for t # every tree ... is chopped down and thrown into the fire "fire" here is a metaphor for punishment. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he chops down every tree ... and throws it into the fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/10.md b/luk/03/10.md index 7cc96b036c..98aeb9d010 100644 --- a/luk/03/10.md +++ b/luk/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # asking him, saying "asking him and said" or "asking John" - diff --git a/luk/03/11.md b/luk/03/11.md index 8a8bff3bd2..d35b5dff60 100644 --- a/luk/03/11.md +++ b/luk/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John begins to respond to questions that people in the crowd ask him. # do the same This refers back to giving to someone what he needs. Alternate translation: "give food to someone who does not have any" or "share extra food just as you shared the extra tunic" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/12.md b/luk/03/12.md index 3c93a71d21..870d5efef9 100644 --- a/luk/03/12.md +++ b/luk/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for John to baptize them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/13.md b/luk/03/13.md index 41a49e7763..8428871f11 100644 --- a/luk/03/13.md +++ b/luk/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # than you have been ordered to collect This is passive to show that the tax collector's authority comes from Rome. Alternate translation: "than what the Romans have authorized you to take" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/14.md b/luk/03/14.md index dc55198836..e19e0f3529 100644 --- a/luk/03/14.md +++ b/luk/03/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It seems that the soldiers were making false charges against people in order to # Be content with your wages "Be satisfied with your pay" - diff --git a/luk/03/15.md b/luk/03/15.md index d40e464f41..c6317f3ae1 100644 --- a/luk/03/15.md +++ b/luk/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # everyone was wondering in their hearts concerning John, whether he might be the Christ. "everyone was unsure what to think about John; they asked themselves, 'Could he be the Christ?'" or "no one was sure what to think about John because they were wondering whether he might be the Christ." - diff --git a/luk/03/16.md b/luk/03/16.md index eb9715f692..5f6a8914a4 100644 --- a/luk/03/16.md +++ b/luk/03/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This metaphor compares literal baptism that brings a person into contact with wa # fire Here the word "fire" may refer to 1) judgment or 2) purification. It is preferred to leave it as "fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/17.md b/luk/03/17.md index f2a4eab945..86eea06092 100644 --- a/luk/03/17.md +++ b/luk/03/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The wheat is the acceptable harvest that is kept and stored. # will burn up the chaff The chaff is not useful for anything, so people burn it up. - diff --git a/luk/03/18.md b/luk/03/18.md index 77d382b927..591bcfb10a 100644 --- a/luk/03/18.md +++ b/luk/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # With many other exhortations "With many other strong urgings" - diff --git a/luk/03/19.md b/luk/03/19.md index b5e835f058..396ff19d4a 100644 --- a/luk/03/19.md +++ b/luk/03/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that John reproved Herod. This can also be translated with an acti # for marrying his brother's wife Herodias "because Herod married Herodias, his own brother's wife." This was evil because Herod's brother was still alive. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "because he married his brother's wife, Herodias, while his brother was still alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/20.md b/luk/03/20.md index 8bede434d6..4a601e0dbd 100644 --- a/luk/03/20.md +++ b/luk/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he locked John up in prison Because Herod was tetrarch, he probably locked John up by ordering his soldiers to lock John up. Alternate translation: "he had his soldiers lock John up in prison" or "he told his soldiers to put John in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/21.md b/luk/03/21.md index 60d1888dd9..286b01e3bf 100644 --- a/luk/03/21.md +++ b/luk/03/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "John baptized Jesus a # the heavens opened "the sky opened" or "the sky became open." This is more than a simple clearing of clouds, but it's not clear what it means. It possibly means that a hole appeared in the sky. - diff --git a/luk/03/22.md b/luk/03/22.md index cb77b5f6e4..c383326615 100644 --- a/luk/03/22.md +++ b/luk/03/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "a voice came from heaven" represents people on earth hearing God in heaven # my beloved Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/23.md b/luk/03/23.md index 968d37fab8..b8866c575a 100644 --- a/luk/03/23.md +++ b/luk/03/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a change from the story to background information # He was the son (as it was assumed) of Joseph "It was thought that he was the son of Joseph" or "People assumed that he was the son of Joseph" - diff --git a/luk/03/24.md b/luk/03/24.md index 2dfb996c6f..a74fe31cc4 100644 --- a/luk/03/24.md +++ b/luk/03/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph This continues the list that begins with the words "He was the son ... of Joseph, the son of Heli" in verse 24. Consider how people normally list ancestors in your language. You should use the same wording throughout the whole list. Possible formats are 1) "He was the son ... of Joseph, the son of Heli, who was the son of Matthat, who was the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph" or 2) "He was the son ... of Joseph. Joseph was the son of Heli. Heli was the son of Matthat. Matthat was the son of Levi. Levi was the son of Melchi. Melchi was the son of Jannai. Jannai was the son of Joseph" or 3) "His father ... was Joseph. Joseph's father was Heli. Heli's father was Matthat. Matthat's father was Levi. Levi's father was Melchi. Melchi's father was Jannai. Jannai's father was Joseph" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/25.md b/luk/03/25.md index dbebc342d5..461217755e 100644 --- a/luk/03/25.md +++ b/luk/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos ... Naggai This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/26.md b/luk/03/26.md index 2c8487c322..1ac3c18a28 100644 --- a/luk/03/26.md +++ b/luk/03/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Maath ... Joda This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/27.md b/luk/03/27.md index 36ef046775..2ed2bf3039 100644 --- a/luk/03/27.md +++ b/luk/03/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that begins in [Luke 3:2 # the son of Salathiel The name Salathiel may be a different spelling of the name Shealtiel (as some versions have it), but identification is difficult. - diff --git a/luk/03/28.md b/luk/03/28.md index e11b6cc82b..c19e7760f4 100644 --- a/luk/03/28.md +++ b/luk/03/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Melchi ... Er This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/29.md b/luk/03/29.md index b5bda10c70..a09ab2e976 100644 --- a/luk/03/29.md +++ b/luk/03/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Joshua, the son of Eliezer ... Levi This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/30.md b/luk/03/30.md index 9cde212bad..d7cf55529d 100644 --- a/luk/03/30.md +++ b/luk/03/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Simeon, the son of Judah ... Eliakim This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/31.md b/luk/03/31.md index b3785383e0..b5c1097bfc 100644 --- a/luk/03/31.md +++ b/luk/03/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Melea ... David This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/32.md b/luk/03/32.md index 5b53232894..de96fd737e 100644 --- a/luk/03/32.md +++ b/luk/03/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Jesse ... the son of Nahshon This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/33.md b/luk/03/33.md index 31747defbd..dfe3d1ceec 100644 --- a/luk/03/33.md +++ b/luk/03/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin ... Judah This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/34.md b/luk/03/34.md index cb78a9a18b..24a004f1a3 100644 --- a/luk/03/34.md +++ b/luk/03/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Jacob ... Nahor This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/35.md b/luk/03/35.md index c36ba1a64b..7c3cbd9b13 100644 --- a/luk/03/35.md +++ b/luk/03/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Serug ... Shelah This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/36.md b/luk/03/36.md index c8c8ac1f6e..9cf6e82f60 100644 --- a/luk/03/36.md +++ b/luk/03/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad ... Lamech This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/37.md b/luk/03/37.md index 9151d345ff..7056efea26 100644 --- a/luk/03/37.md +++ b/luk/03/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the son of Methuselah ... Cainan This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/03/38.md b/luk/03/38.md index ae0f91b36d..d0e74d9617 100644 --- a/luk/03/38.md +++ b/luk/03/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a continuation of the list of Jesus's ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23 # Adam, the son of God "Adam, created by God" or "Adam, who was from God" or "Adam, the son, we could say, of God" - diff --git a/luk/03/intro.md b/luk/03/intro.md index 84cefac303..b67d13f16b 100644 --- a/luk/03/intro.md +++ b/luk/03/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,29 @@ # Luke 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:4-6, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice -#### Justice John's instructions to the soldiers and tax collectors in this chapter are not complicated. They are things that should have been obvious to them. He instructed them to live justly. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [Luke 3:12-15](./12.md)) -#### Genealogy +### Genealogy + A genealogy is a list which records a person's ancestors or descendants. Such lists were very important in determining who had the right be king, because the king's authority was usually passed down or inherited from his father. It was also common for other important people to have a recorded genealogy. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Prophecy often involves the use of metaphors to express its meaning. Spiritual discernment is needed for proper interpretation of the prophecy. The prophecy of Isaiah is an extended metaphor describing the ministry of John the Baptist ([Luke 3:4-6](./04.md)). Translation is difficult. It is suggested that the translator treat each line of the ULB as a separate metaphor. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "(Herod) had John locked up in prison" -#### "(Herod) had John locked up in prison" This event can cause confusion because the author says John was imprisoned and then says he was baptizing Jesus. The author probably uses this phrase in anticipation of Herod's imprisonment of John. This would mean that this statement is still in the future at the time of the narrative. ## Links: @@ -28,4 +31,3 @@ This event can cause confusion because the author says John was imprisoned and t * __[Luke 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/04/01.md b/luk/04/01.md index a63179e2ba..99b54c7718 100644 --- a/luk/04/01.md +++ b/luk/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ After John had baptized Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) # was led by the Spirit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Spirit led him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/02.md b/luk/04/02.md index 627fe1f9fc..3914604c1c 100644 --- a/luk/04/02.md +++ b/luk/04/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form, and you can make explicit what it was the dev # He ate nothing The word "he" refers to Jesus. - diff --git a/luk/04/03.md b/luk/04/03.md index 3d8626ff5a..06867efbb2 100644 --- a/luk/04/03.md +++ b/luk/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The devil challenges Jesus to prove that he is the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/t # this stone The devil either holds a stone in his hand or points to a nearby stone. - diff --git a/luk/04/04.md b/luk/04/04.md index 48da44d794..c488448dbc 100644 --- a/luk/04/04.md +++ b/luk/04/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The quotation is from Moses's writings in the Old Testament. This can be stated # Man does not live on bread alone The word "bread" refers to food in general. Food as compared to God, by itself, is not enough to sustain a person. Jesus quotes the scripture to say why he would not turn the stone into bread. Alternate translation: "People cannot live on just bread" or "It is not just food that makes a person live" or "God says there are more important things than food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/05.md b/luk/04/05.md index ea5d9359ae..31f4d3cf5a 100644 --- a/luk/04/05.md +++ b/luk/04/05.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ # Then the devil led Jesus up ... world -"Then the devil led Jesus up to a very high place ... world." It is uncertain where the devil led Jesus and how he showed all the kingdoms of the world to him. +"Then the devil led Jesus up to a very high place ... world." It is uncertain where the devil led Jesus and how he showed all the kingdoms of the world to him. # in an instant of time "in an instant" or "instantly" - diff --git a/luk/04/06.md b/luk/04/06.md index 438b13bdb3..b8691c9cea 100644 --- a/luk/04/06.md +++ b/luk/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they have been given to me This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are that "them" refers to 1) the authority and splendor of the kingdoms or 2) the kingdoms. Alternate translation: "God has given them to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/07.md b/luk/04/07.md index 433c59ad96..0de90ff57e 100644 --- a/luk/04/07.md +++ b/luk/04/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are very similar. They can be combined. Alternate translation: # it will be yours "I will give you all these kingdoms, with their splendor" - diff --git a/luk/04/08.md b/luk/04/08.md index 236dafc595..3cf7a7114f 100644 --- a/luk/04/08.md +++ b/luk/04/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the people in the Old Testament who received God's Law. You could # him The word "him" refers to the Lord God. - diff --git a/luk/04/09.md b/luk/04/09.md index 92be39f97d..03d50205b0 100644 --- a/luk/04/09.md +++ b/luk/04/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sono # throw yourself down "jump down to the ground" - diff --git a/luk/04/10.md b/luk/04/10.md index 2c217a73df..2d71a6e52b 100644 --- a/luk/04/10.md +++ b/luk/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the writer has writte # He will give orders "He" refers to God. The devil partially quoted from the Psalms in an effort to persuade Jesus to jump off the building. - diff --git a/luk/04/11.md b/luk/04/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/04/11.md +++ b/luk/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/04/12.md b/luk/04/12.md index 0f7f86cc03..42890eccea 100644 --- a/luk/04/12.md +++ b/luk/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus quotes from the writings of Moses in Deuteronomy. This can be stated in ac # Do not put the Lord your God to the test Possible meanings are 1) Jesus should not test God by jumping off the temple, or 2) the devil should not test Jesus to see if he is the Son of God. It is best to translate the verse as stated rather than to try to explain the meaning. - diff --git a/luk/04/13.md b/luk/04/13.md index 43fd19dfe1..102438175a 100644 --- a/luk/04/13.md +++ b/luk/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # had finished tempting Jesus This does not imply that the devil was successful in his temptation—Jesus resisted every attempt. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "had finished trying to persuade Jesus to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/14.md b/luk/04/14.md index 1463d2537f..ca728461c8 100644 --- a/luk/04/14.md +++ b/luk/04/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This begins a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-neweven # throughout the entire surrounding region This refers to the areas or places around Galilee. - diff --git a/luk/04/15.md b/luk/04/15.md index a48f65fba8..a5af36bc10 100644 --- a/luk/04/15.md +++ b/luk/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was praised by all "everyone said great things about him" or "all the people spoke about him in a good way" - diff --git a/luk/04/16.md b/luk/04/16.md index 280ff0c8f8..4631b762d6 100644 --- a/luk/04/16.md +++ b/luk/04/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # as was his custom "as he did each Sabbath." It was his usual practice to go to the synagogue on the Sabbath day. - diff --git a/luk/04/17.md b/luk/04/17.md index 06e5e9cee0..b9bd3dfd06 100644 --- a/luk/04/17.md +++ b/luk/04/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the book of Isaiah written on a scroll. Isaiah had written the wo # the place where it was written "the place in the scroll with these words." This sentence continues on into the next verse. - diff --git a/luk/04/18.md b/luk/04/18.md index ac0e9c2a7b..f5f4cb37ef 100644 --- a/luk/04/18.md +++ b/luk/04/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ In the Old Testament, ceremonial oil was poured on a person when they were given # set free those who are oppressed "set free those who are treated harshly" - diff --git a/luk/04/19.md b/luk/04/19.md index d14b2a6a6b..cd48d604b7 100644 --- a/luk/04/19.md +++ b/luk/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to proclaim the year of the Lord's favor "tell everyone that the Lord is ready to bless his people" or "announce that this is the year that the Lord will show his kindness" - diff --git a/luk/04/20.md b/luk/04/20.md index cdbb4976cf..ff216a29e0 100644 --- a/luk/04/20.md +++ b/luk/04/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It was customary for teachers to be seated while teaching. # were fixed on him This idiom means "were focused on him" or "were looking intently at him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/21.md b/luk/04/21.md index bf329392bf..dd77c01dc0 100644 --- a/luk/04/21.md +++ b/luk/04/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus was saying that he was fulfilling that prophecy by his actions and speech # in your hearing This idiom means "while you are listening to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/22.md b/luk/04/22.md index b258695a47..210336ff00 100644 --- a/luk/04/22.md +++ b/luk/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Is this not the son of Joseph? People thought that Joseph was Jesus's father. Joseph was not a religious leader, so they were surprised that his son would preach what he did. Alternate translation: "This is just Joseph's son!" or "His father is only Joseph!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/23.md b/luk/04/23.md index 39dae8ce5e..46a43a7650 100644 --- a/luk/04/23.md +++ b/luk/04/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If someone claims to be able to heal diseases that he himself has, there is no r # Whatever we heard ... do the same in your hometown The people of Nazareth do not believe Jesus is a prophet because of his low status as Joseph's son. They will not believe unless they personally see him do miracles. - diff --git a/luk/04/24.md b/luk/04/24.md index e756c6ee60..c3d6e010c4 100644 --- a/luk/04/24.md +++ b/luk/04/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus makes this general statement in order to rebuke the people. He means that # own hometown "homeland" or "native city" or "country where he grew up" - diff --git a/luk/04/25.md b/luk/04/25.md index 4aaed5019c..77a4127d84 100644 --- a/luk/04/25.md +++ b/luk/04/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a metaphor. The sky is pictured as a ceiling that was closed, and so no # a great famine "a serious lack of food." A famine occurs when the crops do not produce enough food for the people for a long period of time. - diff --git a/luk/04/26.md b/luk/04/26.md index 938bf84d74..6269347a8d 100644 --- a/luk/04/26.md +++ b/luk/04/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to Zarephath in Sidon, to a widow living there The people living in the town of Zarephath were Gentiles, not Jews. The people listening to Jesus would have understood that the people of Zarephath were Gentiles. Alternate translation: "to a Gentile widow living in Zarephath in Sidon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/27.md b/luk/04/27.md index 4bf7df4e75..f1275a415f 100644 --- a/luk/04/27.md +++ b/luk/04/27.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ This double negative emphasizes that Naaman was the only one who was cleansed. This can also be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the only one of them who was cleansed was Naaman" or "the only one of them whom God cleansed was Naaman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # were cleansed + People who had leprosy were considered to be unclean. When they were healed from leprosy, they were clean. Alternate translation: "were healed" # Naaman the Syrian A Syrian is a person from the country of Syria. The people of Syria were Gentiles, not Jews. Alternate translation: "the Gentile Naaman from Syria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/28.md b/luk/04/28.md index 8d2c8a6cc6..d0ce4053ef 100644 --- a/luk/04/28.md +++ b/luk/04/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the people in the synagogue were filled with rage when they heard these things The people of Nazareth were deeply offended that Jesus had cited scriptures where God had helped Gentiles instead of Jews. - diff --git a/luk/04/29.md b/luk/04/29.md index e213e4e9fa..d2d6a17279 100644 --- a/luk/04/29.md +++ b/luk/04/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # cliff of the hill "edge of the cliff" - diff --git a/luk/04/30.md b/luk/04/30.md index 1dd0c58ec0..103f548806 100644 --- a/luk/04/30.md +++ b/luk/04/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he went to another place "he went away" or "he went on his way" Jesus went where he had planned to go instead of where the people were trying to force him to go. - diff --git a/luk/04/31.md b/luk/04/31.md index e4575512de..21e4f170c1 100644 --- a/luk/04/31.md +++ b/luk/04/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "went down" is used here because Capernaum is lower in elevation than # Capernaum, a city in Galilee "Capernaum, another city in Galilee" - diff --git a/luk/04/32.md b/luk/04/32.md index 7d62e753fb..19ec40fc9f 100644 --- a/luk/04/32.md +++ b/luk/04/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ greatly surprised, greatly amazed # he spoke with authority "he spoke as one with authority" or "his words had great power" - diff --git a/luk/04/33.md b/luk/04/33.md index 069635e39c..5db9cdc0ea 100644 --- a/luk/04/33.md +++ b/luk/04/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used to mark the introduction of a new character into the story; # he cried out with a loud voice "he shouted loudly" - diff --git a/luk/04/34.md b/luk/04/34.md index fd340ef4a8..afed19bd11 100644 --- a/luk/04/34.md +++ b/luk/04/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "What do we have in common" or "What ri # What do we have to do with you, Jesus of Nazareth? This question could be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "What do you, Jesus of Nazareth, have to do with us!" or We have nothing to do with you, Jesus of Nazareth!" or "You have no right to bother us, Jesus of Nazareth!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/35.md b/luk/04/35.md index d7e540f689..798e671e20 100644 --- a/luk/04/35.md +++ b/luk/04/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Come out of him He commanded the demon to stop controlling the man. Alternate translation: "Leave him alone" or "Do not live in this man any longer" - diff --git a/luk/04/36.md b/luk/04/36.md index 950b01e0fd..9476558208 100644 --- a/luk/04/36.md +++ b/luk/04/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people were expressing how amazed they were that Jesus had the authority to # He commands the unclean spirits with authority and power "He has authority and power to command the unclean spirits" - diff --git a/luk/04/37.md b/luk/04/37.md index c420012d75..7a1a267c0b 100644 --- a/luk/04/37.md +++ b/luk/04/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a comment about what happened after the story. The spread of the news wa # news about him began to spread "reports about Jesus began to spread" or "people began to spread the news about Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/04/38.md b/luk/04/38.md index 6f0001b6f7..d8d75c8294 100644 --- a/luk/04/38.md +++ b/luk/04/38.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an idiom that means "was very sick with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # pleaded with him on her behalf This means they asked Jesus to heal her from the fever. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "asked Jesus to heal her from the fever" or "asked Jesus to cure her fever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/39.md b/luk/04/39.md index 79ffbb24f2..77762af10f 100644 --- a/luk/04/39.md +++ b/luk/04/39.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "So" makes it clear that he did this because the people pleaded with hi # started serving them Here this means she began to prepare food for Jesus and the other people in the house. - diff --git a/luk/04/40.md b/luk/04/40.md index e288218de1..c8249f0aa7 100644 --- a/luk/04/40.md +++ b/luk/04/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # laid his hands on "placed his hands on" or "touched" - diff --git a/luk/04/41.md b/luk/04/41.md index a7aa6949d5..ea69caf3e4 100644 --- a/luk/04/41.md +++ b/luk/04/41.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sono # would not let them "did not allow them to" - diff --git a/luk/04/42.md b/luk/04/42.md index f1ff88b6cb..dc8fe684d6 100644 --- a/luk/04/42.md +++ b/luk/04/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Though the people want Jesus to stay in Capernaum, he goes to preach in other Ju # a solitary place "a deserted place" or "a place where there were no people" - diff --git a/luk/04/43.md b/luk/04/43.md index 4acda5171c..0ac3dd52d1 100644 --- a/luk/04/43.md +++ b/luk/04/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this is the reason I was sent here This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this is the reason God sent me here" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/04/44.md b/luk/04/44.md index fb7d236bb7..050ca3599e 100644 --- a/luk/04/44.md +++ b/luk/04/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # throughout Judea Since Jesus had been in Galilee, the term "Judea" here probably refers to the entire region where the Jews lived at that time. Alternate translation: "where the Jews lived" - diff --git a/luk/04/intro.md b/luk/04/intro.md index 7a1322a59e..f267a089ad 100644 --- a/luk/04/intro.md +++ b/luk/04/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Luke 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 4:10-11, 18-19, which is from the Old Testament. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Jesus was tempted by the devil -#### Jesus was tempted by the devil While it is true that the devil sincerely believed that he could persuade Jesus to obey him, it is important not to imply that Jesus actually ever really wanted to obey him. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ While it is true that the devil sincerely believed that he could persuade Jesus * __[Luke 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/05/01.md b/luk/05/01.md index ec1de563c2..497dd64634 100644 --- a/luk/05/01.md +++ b/luk/05/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "listening to the message God wanted them to hear" or 2 # the lake of Gennesaret These words refer to the Sea of Galilee. Galilee was on the west side of the lake, and the land of Gennesaret was on the east side, so it was called by both names. Some English versions translate this as the proper name of the body of water, "the Lake of Gennesaret." - diff --git a/luk/05/02.md b/luk/05/02.md index 19e17501c8..6d3ad52caf 100644 --- a/luk/05/02.md +++ b/luk/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # washing their nets They were cleaning their fishing nets in order to use them again to catch fish. - diff --git a/luk/05/03.md b/luk/05/03.md index f31c448d10..87207b8737 100644 --- a/luk/05/03.md +++ b/luk/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Sitting was the normal position for a teacher. # taught the people out of the boat "taught the people while he sat in the boat." Jesus was in the boat a short distance from the shore and he was speaking to the people who were on the shore. - diff --git a/luk/05/04.md b/luk/05/04.md index 8e235bf1fb..9c6429087e 100644 --- a/luk/05/04.md +++ b/luk/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When he had finished speaking "When Jesus had finished teaching the people" - diff --git a/luk/05/05.md b/luk/05/05.md index c86fee749d..a8d2d9607c 100644 --- a/luk/05/05.md +++ b/luk/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at your word "because you have told me to do this" - diff --git a/luk/05/06.md b/luk/05/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/05/06.md +++ b/luk/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/05/07.md b/luk/05/07.md index d7e935530b..b01da3be8c 100644 --- a/luk/05/07.md +++ b/luk/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They were too far from shore to call, so they made gestures, probably by waving # they began to sink "the boats began to sink." The reason could be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the boats began to sink because the catch of fish was so heavy" or "the boats began to sink because there were so many fish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/08.md b/luk/05/08.md index d97c7cfbdb..2c135e920f 100644 --- a/luk/05/08.md +++ b/luk/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "knelt down before Jesus" or 2) "bowed down at Jesus' f # sinful man The word here for "man" means "adult male" and not the more general "human being." - diff --git a/luk/05/09.md b/luk/05/09.md index 3b7f5b99ce..5f5448025a 100644 --- a/luk/05/09.md +++ b/luk/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the catch of fish "the large number of fish" - diff --git a/luk/05/10.md b/luk/05/10.md index bd7bab0317..fbdb79d177 100644 --- a/luk/05/10.md +++ b/luk/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will catch men The image of catching fish is being used as a metaphor for gathering people to follow Christ. Alternate translation: "you will fish for people" or "you will gather people for me" or "you will bring people to be my disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/11.md b/luk/05/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/05/11.md +++ b/luk/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/05/12.md b/luk/05/12.md index 2c25ead1b0..ffd2f257e7 100644 --- a/luk/05/12.md +++ b/luk/05/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ It is understood that he was asking Jesus to heal him. This can be stated clearl # make me clean This refers to ceremonial cleanness, but it is understood that he is unclean because of the leprosy. He is really asking Jesus to heal him of his disease. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "heal me from leprosy so I will be clean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/13.md b/luk/05/13.md index fedb69b475..48ebe67567 100644 --- a/luk/05/13.md +++ b/luk/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to ceremonial cleanness, but it is understood that he is unclean bec # the leprosy left him "he no longer had leprosy" - diff --git a/luk/05/14.md b/luk/05/14.md index 0af478fcf4..fa55a372bc 100644 --- a/luk/05/14.md +++ b/luk/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # He instructed him to tell no one but told him, "Go on your way + Jesus's instruction can be stated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "He said, 'Do not tell anyone, but go on your way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) # to tell no one @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ The law required a person to make a specific sacrifice after they were healed. T # to them Possible meanings are 1) "to the priests" or 2) "to all the people." - diff --git a/luk/05/15.md b/luk/05/15.md index 7f42513ae6..1e42f28a4b 100644 --- a/luk/05/15.md +++ b/luk/05/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the report about him spread even farther "the report about him went out even farther." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people kept telling the news about him in other places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/16.md b/luk/05/16.md index dff2c896d9..4ada1e92e9 100644 --- a/luk/05/16.md +++ b/luk/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the deserted places "lonely places" or "places where there were no other people" - diff --git a/luk/05/17.md b/luk/05/17.md index 51abb1110c..edd763f71e 100644 --- a/luk/05/17.md +++ b/luk/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ One day when Jesus was teaching in a building, some men brought a paralyzed man # It came about This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/18.md b/luk/05/18.md index 577c1f368e..d8b8040120 100644 --- a/luk/05/18.md +++ b/luk/05/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ sleeping pad or bed or stretcher # was paralyzed "could not move himself" - diff --git a/luk/05/19.md b/luk/05/19.md index e38b655286..83c46fba94 100644 --- a/luk/05/19.md +++ b/luk/05/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Houses had flat roofs, and some houses had a ladder or staircase outside to make # right in front of Jesus "directly in front of Jesus" or "immediately in front of Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/05/20.md b/luk/05/20.md index 82e3ca4002..0cf0f4c094 100644 --- a/luk/05/20.md +++ b/luk/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a general word that people used when speaking to a man whose name they d # your sins are forgiven you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you are forgiven" or "I forgive your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/21.md b/luk/05/21.md index d41c165582..1d3b6de950 100644 --- a/luk/05/21.md +++ b/luk/05/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question shows how shocked and angry they were at what Jesus said. This can # Who can forgive sins but God alone? The implied information is that if a person claims to forgive sins he says he is God. This can be written as a clear statement. Alternate translation: "No one can forgive sins but God alone!" or "God is the only one who can forgive sins!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/22.md b/luk/05/22.md index 4bfe0dfc20..d80f8466dc 100644 --- a/luk/05/22.md +++ b/luk/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not argue # in your hearts Here "hearts" is a metonym for people's minds or inner beings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/23.md b/luk/05/23.md index d3cbdf0003..b1465a399b 100644 --- a/luk/05/23.md +++ b/luk/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to make the scribes think about what might prove whethe # easier to say The unspoken implication is that one thing is "easier to say because no one will know what has happened," but the other thing is "harder to say because everyone will know what has happened." People could not see if the man's sins were forgiven, but they would all know he was healed if he got up and walked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/24.md b/luk/05/24.md index fab12ce890..0533ffad1a 100644 --- a/luk/05/24.md +++ b/luk/05/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus was referring to himself. # I tell you Jesus was saying this to the paralyzed man. The word "you" is singular. - diff --git a/luk/05/25.md b/luk/05/25.md index cf310d275c..1bb39522cd 100644 --- a/luk/05/25.md +++ b/luk/05/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he got up It may be helpful to clearly say that he was healed. Alternate translation: "the man was healed! He got up" - diff --git a/luk/05/26.md b/luk/05/26.md index fb80ba24a9..64f439ac74 100644 --- a/luk/05/26.md +++ b/luk/05/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # extraordinary things "amazing things" or "strange things" - diff --git a/luk/05/27.md b/luk/05/27.md index 201dee291f..2a1297e499 100644 --- a/luk/05/27.md +++ b/luk/05/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "these things" refers to what happened in the previous verses. This s # Follow me To "follow" someone is to become that person's disciple. Alternate translation: "Be my disciple" or "Come, follow me as your teacher" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/28.md b/luk/05/28.md index 9853497d71..a18326bd5f 100644 --- a/luk/05/28.md +++ b/luk/05/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # followed him, leaving everything behind "followed him and left his work as a tax collector" - diff --git a/luk/05/29.md b/luk/05/29.md index 4613d770a3..15f42d7b56 100644 --- a/luk/05/29.md +++ b/luk/05/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # reclining at the table It was customary to lie on a couch while eating at a feast and to prop oneself up with the left arm on some pillows. Alternate translation: "eating together" or "eating at the table" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/30.md b/luk/05/30.md index 10bcdefaf6..ddf258fc0a 100644 --- a/luk/05/30.md +++ b/luk/05/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ people who did not obey the law of Moses but committed what others thought were # you eat and drink with ... sinners The Pharisees and scribes believed that religious people should separate themselves from people they consider to be sinners. The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/31.md b/luk/05/31.md index d759015cee..d5ff4836db 100644 --- a/luk/05/31.md +++ b/luk/05/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses this proverb to begin to tell them that he calls sinners to repentanc # only those who are sick You may need to supply the words that have been omitted. Alternate translation: "only those who are sick need a physician" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/32.md b/luk/05/32.md index 6441c8c2d0..5c6a2bb435 100644 --- a/luk/05/32.md +++ b/luk/05/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses irony to condemn the Phraisees because they think of themselves as ri # the righteous This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/33.md b/luk/05/33.md index 3ac9f225b5..45182a6c7f 100644 --- a/luk/05/33.md +++ b/luk/05/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They said to him "The religious leaders said to Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/05/34.md b/luk/05/34.md index 26e3c60407..0fabe09539 100644 --- a/luk/05/34.md +++ b/luk/05/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to cause the people to think about a situation that the # the wedding attendants of the bridegroom fast Fasting is a sign of sadness. The religious leaders understood that the wedding attendants would not fast while the bridegroom was with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/35.md b/luk/05/35.md index b15ee646c0..31c2f5ca68 100644 --- a/luk/05/35.md +++ b/luk/05/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the bridegroom will be taken away from them Jesus is comparing himself to the bridegroom, and the disciples to the wedding attendants. He does not explain the metaphor, so the translation should explain it only if necessary. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/36.md b/luk/05/36.md index c124d5fb51..6aa0f4d86d 100644 --- a/luk/05/36.md +++ b/luk/05/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ repair # will not fit with "will not match" or "will not be the same as" - diff --git a/luk/05/37.md b/luk/05/37.md index ba5de4a244..bab16bb4dd 100644 --- a/luk/05/37.md +++ b/luk/05/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ When the new wine would ferment and expand, it would break the old skins because # the wine will be spilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the wine will spill out of the bags" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/38.md b/luk/05/38.md index 39df43aeb3..66c6a831ac 100644 --- a/luk/05/38.md +++ b/luk/05/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fresh wineskins "new wineskins" or "new wine bags." This refers to new wineskins, unused. - diff --git a/luk/05/39.md b/luk/05/39.md index ac4532da8f..0478508fab 100644 --- a/luk/05/39.md +++ b/luk/05/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor contrasts the old teaching of the religious leaders against the ne # for he says, 'The old is better.' It may be helpful to add the implicit information. Alternate translation: "for he says, 'The old is better,' and he is therefore not willing to try the new wine." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/05/intro.md b/luk/05/intro.md index dfbb94004f..78eb74c0a5 100644 --- a/luk/05/intro.md +++ b/luk/05/intro.md @@ -1,36 +1,36 @@ # Luke 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "You will catch men" +### "You will catch men" Peter, James, and John were fishermen. When Jesus told them that they would catch men, he was using a metaphor to tell them he wanted them to help people believe the good news about him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Sinners +### Sinners When the people of Jesus's time spoke of "sinners," they were talking about people who did not obey the law of Moses and instead committed sins like stealing or sexual sins. When Jesus said that he came to call "sinners," he meant that only people who believe that they are sinners can be his followers. This is true even if they are not what most people think of as "sinners." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Fasting and Feasting +### Fasting and Feasting People would fast, or not eat food for a long time, when they were sad or were showing God that they were sorry for their sins. When they were happy, like during weddings, they would have feasts, or meals where they would eat much food. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fast]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Irony +### Irony Jesus uses irony to condemn the Pharisees. This passage includes "people in good health" and "righteous people." This does not mean that there are people who do not need Jesus. There are no "righteous people." Everybody needs Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]] and [Luke 5:31-32](./31.md)) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Implicit information +### Implicit information In several parts of this chapter the author left out some implicit information that his original readers would have understood and thought about. Modern readers might not know some of those things, so they might have trouble understanding all that the author was communicating. The UDB often shows how that information can be presented so that modern readers will be able to understand those passages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Past Events +### Past Events -Parts of this chapter are sequences of events that have already happened. In a given passage, Luke sometimes writes as if the events have already happened while other events are still in progress (even though they are complete at the time he writes). This can cause difficulty in translation by creating an illogical order of events. It may be necessary to make these consistent by writing as if all the events have already happened. +Parts of this chapter are sequences of events that have already happened. In a given passage, Luke sometimes writes as if the events have already happened while other events are still in progress (even though they are complete at the time he writes). This can cause difficulty in translation by creating an illogical order of events. It may be necessary to make these consistent by writing as if all the events have already happened. -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 5:24](../../luk/05/24.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -39,4 +39,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 5:24](../../l * __[Luke 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/06/01.md b/luk/06/01.md index 13aa5260de..d83574e01e 100644 --- a/luk/06/01.md +++ b/luk/06/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the topmost parts of the grain plant, which is a kind of large grass. # grain, rubbing them between their hands, and eating They did this to separate the grain seeds. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "grain. They rubbed them in their hands to separate the grains from the husks and ate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/02.md b/luk/06/02.md index 93fb245a71..93a4270bc7 100644 --- a/luk/06/02.md +++ b/luk/06/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They asked this question to accuse the disciples of breaking the law. It can be # doing something The Pharisees considered even the small action of rubbing a handful of grain to be unlawful work. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "doing work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/03.md b/luk/06/03.md index 3c0a770d89..44ac9d6665 100644 --- a/luk/06/03.md +++ b/luk/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Have you not even read ... him? Jesus is rebuking the Pharisees for not learning from the scriptures. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should learn from what you have read ... him!" or "Certainly you have read ... him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/05.md b/luk/06/05.md index 3b977cf6a8..c23188001e 100644 --- a/luk/06/05.md +++ b/luk/06/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus was referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, am" ( # is Lord of the Sabbath The title "Lord" here emphasizes his authority over the Sabbath. Alternate translation: "has the authority to determine what is right for people to do on the Sabbath!" - diff --git a/luk/06/06.md b/luk/06/06.md index 3eebfddddb..335a1690f0 100644 --- a/luk/06/06.md +++ b/luk/06/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This introduces a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing # hand was withered The man's hand was damaged in such a way that he could not stretch it. It was probably almost bent into a fist, making it look small and wrinkled. - diff --git a/luk/06/07.md b/luk/06/07.md index e5a4b31513..b015c59294 100644 --- a/luk/06/07.md +++ b/luk/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so that they might find "because they wanted to find" - diff --git a/luk/06/08.md b/luk/06/08.md index 7d2aa8e061..7fe6bb975a 100644 --- a/luk/06/08.md +++ b/luk/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the middle of everyone "in front of everyone." Jesus wanted the man to stand where everyone there could see him. - diff --git a/luk/06/09.md b/luk/06/09.md index 9ef2a34b33..dc71d99dc9 100644 --- a/luk/06/09.md +++ b/luk/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus asks this question to force the Pharisees to admit that he was right to he # to do good or to do harm "to help someone or to harm someone" - diff --git a/luk/06/10.md b/luk/06/10.md index 322946205a..b06ff9d293 100644 --- a/luk/06/10.md +++ b/luk/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # restored healed - diff --git a/luk/06/11.md b/luk/06/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/06/11.md +++ b/luk/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/06/12.md b/luk/06/12.md index 253c6f1440..9c8466b604 100644 --- a/luk/06/12.md +++ b/luk/06/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: # he went out "Jesus went out" - diff --git a/luk/06/13.md b/luk/06/13.md index 58833df195..812798c0f4 100644 --- a/luk/06/13.md +++ b/luk/06/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # whom he also named apostles "whom he also made apostles" or "and he appointed them to be apostles" - diff --git a/luk/06/14.md b/luk/06/14.md index 6e279bb6ab..1b5047b898 100644 --- a/luk/06/14.md +++ b/luk/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Luke wrote a list of the names of the apostles. The ULB uses these words to intr # his brother Andrew "Simon's brother, Andrew" - diff --git a/luk/06/15.md b/luk/06/15.md index c81e3d3fa0..22a161eefc 100644 --- a/luk/06/15.md +++ b/luk/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Zealot Possible meanings are 1) "the Zealot" is a title that indicates he was part of the group of people who wanted to free the Jewish people from Roman rule. Alternate translation: "the patriot" or "the nationalist" or 2) "the Zealot" is a description that indicates he was zealous for God to be honored. Alternate translation: "the passionate one" - diff --git a/luk/06/16.md b/luk/06/16.md index 941c21d0aa..1b005a0031 100644 --- a/luk/06/16.md +++ b/luk/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # became a traitor It may be necessary to explain what "traitor" means in this context. Alternate translation: "betrayed his friend" or "turned his friend over to enemies" (usually in return for money paid) or "exposed a friend to danger by telling enemies about him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/17.md b/luk/06/17.md index 535590bdd7..ed3351a025 100644 --- a/luk/06/17.md +++ b/luk/06/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Though Jesus especially addresses his disciples, there are many people around wh # with them "with the twelve he had chosen" or "with his twelve apostles" - diff --git a/luk/06/18.md b/luk/06/18.md index b9784d2904..25f14f595c 100644 --- a/luk/06/18.md +++ b/luk/06/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus also healed peo # troubled with unclean spirits "bothered by unclean spirits" or "controlled by evil spirits" - diff --git a/luk/06/19.md b/luk/06/19.md index 8547b60883..9c8cd0f971 100644 --- a/luk/06/19.md +++ b/luk/06/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # power to heal was coming out from him "he had power to heal people" or "he was using his power to heal people" - diff --git a/luk/06/20.md b/luk/06/20.md index 8cc59cbe9c..9b66b76ed1 100644 --- a/luk/06/20.md +++ b/luk/06/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Languages that do not have a word for kingdom might say, "for God is your king" # yours is the kingdom of God "the kingdom of God belongs to you." This could mean 1) "you belong to God's kingdom" or 2) "you will have authority in God's kingdom." - diff --git a/luk/06/21.md b/luk/06/21.md index 3dc141eb55..3ce00988bb 100644 --- a/luk/06/21.md +++ b/luk/06/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will laugh "you will laugh with joy" or "you will be joyful" - diff --git a/luk/06/22.md b/luk/06/22.md index 37d3f04b75..2e0d9c238e 100644 --- a/luk/06/22.md +++ b/luk/06/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # because of the Son of Man "because you associate with the Son of Man" or "because they reject the Son of Man" - diff --git a/luk/06/23.md b/luk/06/23.md index 1e048ad3c2..10dbb53822 100644 --- a/luk/06/23.md +++ b/luk/06/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means "be extremely joyful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # a great reward "a large payment" or "good gifts" - diff --git a/luk/06/24.md b/luk/06/24.md index f994821eea..6d162c9d0d 100644 --- a/luk/06/24.md +++ b/luk/06/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # your comfort "what comforts you" or "what satisfies you" or "what makes you happy" - diff --git a/luk/06/25.md b/luk/06/25.md index 2996052ac1..ddaff96ec0 100644 --- a/luk/06/25.md +++ b/luk/06/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who laugh now "who are happy now" - diff --git a/luk/06/26.md b/luk/06/26.md index 1cfc0d8ce9..1df00fb92f 100644 --- a/luk/06/26.md +++ b/luk/06/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "men" is used in the generic sense the includes all people. Alternate trans # that is how their ancestors treated the false prophets "their ancestors also spoke well of the false prophets" - diff --git a/luk/06/27.md b/luk/06/27.md index 3e72705027..9b2e22fa68 100644 --- a/luk/06/27.md +++ b/luk/06/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Each of these commands is to be followed continually, not just a single time. # love your enemies and This does not mean those listening were to only love their enemies and not their friends. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "love your enemies, not only your friends, and" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/28.md b/luk/06/28.md index cd80add34e..f2cfb7635f 100644 --- a/luk/06/28.md +++ b/luk/06/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God is the one who blesses. This can made explicit. Alternate translation: "Ask # those who mistreat you "those who habitually mistreat you" - diff --git a/luk/06/29.md b/luk/06/29.md index 5395c74803..aa8ef6fe6f 100644 --- a/luk/06/29.md +++ b/luk/06/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It may be helpful to state what the attacker will do to the person. Alternate tr # do not withhold "do not prevent him from taking" - diff --git a/luk/06/30.md b/luk/06/30.md index 09347d9d22..83ab6b105e 100644 --- a/luk/06/30.md +++ b/luk/06/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do not ask him to give "do not require him to give" or "do not demand that he give" - diff --git a/luk/06/31.md b/luk/06/31.md index 18d0d033b7..2ef5643785 100644 --- a/luk/06/31.md +++ b/luk/06/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As you want people to do to you, you should do the same to them In some languages it may be more natural to reverse the order. Alternate translation: "You should do to people the same as what you want them to do to you" or "Treat people they way you want them to treat you" - diff --git a/luk/06/32.md b/luk/06/32.md index 3d5d13a3ae..ba379b423d 100644 --- a/luk/06/32.md +++ b/luk/06/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what reward is there for you? "what reward will you receive?" or "what praise will you receive for doing that?" This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "you will not receive any reward for that." or "God will not reward you for that." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/33.md b/luk/06/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/06/33.md +++ b/luk/06/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/06/34.md b/luk/06/34.md index 1db89c74be..52577c0256 100644 --- a/luk/06/34.md +++ b/luk/06/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hope" means to confidently expect that what one desires will happ # to receive back the same amount The law of Moses commanded the Jews not to receive interest on money they loaned to other Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/35.md b/luk/06/35.md index 69e55cde28..0f858741e3 100644 --- a/luk/06/35.md +++ b/luk/06/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Make sure that the word "sons" is plural so it is not confused with Jesus's titl # unthankful and evil people "people who do not thank him and who are evil" - diff --git a/luk/06/36.md b/luk/06/36.md index f1a9978d87..704c017fc2 100644 --- a/luk/06/36.md +++ b/luk/06/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your Father This refers to God. It is best to translate "Father" with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to a human father. - diff --git a/luk/06/37.md b/luk/06/37.md index 6f1fb40482..b6331fd173 100644 --- a/luk/06/37.md +++ b/luk/06/37.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus does not say who will not condemn. Possible meanings are 1) "God will not # you will be forgiven Jesus does not say who will forgive. Possible meanings are 1) "God will forgive you" or 2) "people will forgive you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/38.md b/luk/06/38.md index a32304bcb7..a030aee106 100644 --- a/luk/06/38.md +++ b/luk/06/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus speaks either of God or of people giving generously as if he were speaking # it will be measured back to you Jesus does not say exactly who will measure. Possible meanings are 1) "they will measure things back to you" or 2) "God will measure things back to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/39.md b/luk/06/39.md index d8cb4410e1..93610e5f07 100644 --- a/luk/06/39.md +++ b/luk/06/39.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some languages might prefer, "if one did." # they would both fall into a pit, would they not? This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "both of them would fall into a hole." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/40.md b/luk/06/40.md index c092e59087..03b1fe5955 100644 --- a/luk/06/40.md +++ b/luk/06/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # everyone when he is fully trained "every disciple who has been trained well" or "every disciple whose teacher has fully taught him" - diff --git a/luk/06/41.md b/luk/06/41.md index 3de4f73f27..a7c08847bd 100644 --- a/luk/06/41.md +++ b/luk/06/41.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is a metaphor for a person's most important faults. A log could not literal # log "beam" or "plank" - diff --git a/luk/06/42.md b/luk/06/42.md index a3d81ff1a6..c779e2dc10 100644 --- a/luk/06/42.md +++ b/luk/06/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How can you say ... eye? Jesus asks this question to challenge the people to pay attention to their own sins before they pay attention to another person's sins. Alternate translation: "You should not say ... eye." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/43.md b/luk/06/43.md index 0ad03148ba..27f2916b10 100644 --- a/luk/06/43.md +++ b/luk/06/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People can tell if a tree is good or bad, and what type of tree it is, by the fr # rotten fruit fruit that is decaying or bad or worthless - diff --git a/luk/06/44.md b/luk/06/44.md index ea429da782..6f6f50b4ad 100644 --- a/luk/06/44.md +++ b/luk/06/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a plant or shrub that has thorns # briar bush a vine or shrub that has thorns - diff --git a/luk/06/45.md b/luk/06/45.md index 70d631b30b..d80502a2de 100644 --- a/luk/06/45.md +++ b/luk/06/45.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here the evil thoughts of a person are spoken of as if they were evil things sto # out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks Here "heart" represents the person's mind or inner being. The phrase "his mouth" represents the person as a whole. Alternate translation: "what he thinks in his heart affects what he says with his mouth" or "a person will speak aloud what truly values inside of himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/46.md b/luk/06/46.md index 235c5ecbba..e6148439ac 100644 --- a/luk/06/46.md +++ b/luk/06/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lord, Lord Here the repetition of these words is used as an exclamation. People repeat a name or title in this way when trying to find someone or to get someone's attention. - diff --git a/luk/06/47.md b/luk/06/47.md index e4521dd2ac..4ddd3d3337 100644 --- a/luk/06/47.md +++ b/luk/06/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verse 47-48 Jesus compares the person who obeys his teaching to a man who bui # Every person who comes to me and hears my words and obeys them, I will tell you what he is like It may be clearer to change the order of this sentence. Alternate translation: "I will tell you what every person is like who comes to me and hears my words and obeys them" - diff --git a/luk/06/48.md b/luk/06/48.md index 8527cd2fc9..325ecb0eaf 100644 --- a/luk/06/48.md +++ b/luk/06/48.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "cause it to shake" or 2) "destroy it." # because it had been well built This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because the man had built it well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/06/49.md b/luk/06/49.md index 499e0beb73..9ba801dc41 100644 --- a/luk/06/49.md +++ b/luk/06/49.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ fell down or came apart # the ruin of that house was complete "that house was completely destroyed" - diff --git a/luk/06/intro.md b/luk/06/intro.md index 53860994ad..d0ed0f0549 100644 --- a/luk/06/intro.md +++ b/luk/06/intro.md @@ -1,54 +1,53 @@ # Luke 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Luke 6:20-49 contains many blessings and woes that appear to correspond to Matthew 5-7. This part of Matthew has traditionally been called the "Sermon on the Mount." In Luke, they are not as connected to a teaching on the kingdom of God as they are in Matthew's gospel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]]) +Luke 6:20-49 contains many blessings and woes that appear to correspond to Matthew 5-7. This part of Matthew has traditionally been called the "Sermon on the Mount." In Luke, they are not as connected to a teaching on the kingdom of God as they are in Matthew's gospel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Eating the grain" +### "Eating the grain" When the disciples plucked and ate the grain in a field they were walking through on the Sabbath ([Luke 6:1](../../luk/06/01.md)), the Pharisees said that they were breaking the law of Moses. The Pharisees said that the disciples were doing work by picking the grain and so disobeying God's command to rest and not work on the Sabbath. The Pharisees did not think the disciples were stealing. That is because the law of Moses required farmers to allow travelers to pluck and eat small amounts of grain from plants in fields they traveled through or near. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Metaphors are pictures of visible objects that speakers use to explain invisible truths. Jesus used a metaphor of a generous grain merchant to teach his people to be generous ([Luke 6:38](../../luk/06/38.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Rhetorical Questions +### Rhetorical Questions Rhetorical questions are questions to which the speaker already knows the answer. The Pharisees scolded Jesus by asking him a rhetorical question when they thought he was breaking the Sabbath ([Luke 6:2](../../luk/06/02.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Implicit information +### Implicit information Speakers usually do not say things that they think their hearers already understand. When Luke wrote that the disciples were rubbing the heads of grain between their hands, he expected his reader to know that they were separating the part they would eat from what they would throw away ([Luke 6:1](../../luk/06/01.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### The twelve disciples +### The twelve disciples The following are the lists of the twelve disciples: -In Matthew: +In Matthew: Simon (Peter), Andrew, James son of Zebedee, John son of Zebedee, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot. In Mark: -Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot. +Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot. In Luke: Simon (Peter), Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Simon (who was called the Zealot), Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot. -Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James. +Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James. ## Links: * __[Luke 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/07/01.md b/luk/07/01.md index a2d67e40a9..aaa92309ba 100644 --- a/luk/07/01.md +++ b/luk/07/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "in the hearing" emphasizes that he wanted them to hear what he said. # he entered Capernaum This begins a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/02.md b/luk/07/02.md index 0aca71adf3..32ec684391 100644 --- a/luk/07/02.md +++ b/luk/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who was highly regarded by him "whom the centurion valued" or "whom he respected" - diff --git a/luk/07/03.md b/luk/07/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/07/03.md +++ b/luk/07/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/07/04.md b/luk/07/04.md index 864ca1b53e..29d2627892 100644 --- a/luk/07/04.md +++ b/luk/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He is worthy "The centurion is worthy" - diff --git a/luk/07/05.md b/luk/07/05.md index 4793c3c582..8c1a3de7d1 100644 --- a/luk/07/05.md +++ b/luk/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our nation "our people." This refers to the Jewish people. - diff --git a/luk/07/06.md b/luk/07/06.md index 77abf8aef0..e5c692ae6e 100644 --- a/luk/07/06.md +++ b/luk/07/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The centurion was speaking politely to Jesus. Alternate translation: "do not tro # come under my roof This phrase is an idiom that means "come into my house." If your language has an idiom that means "come into my house," think about whether it would be good to use here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/07.md b/luk/07/07.md index 09558d4387..9c6a4a52fa 100644 --- a/luk/07/07.md +++ b/luk/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The servant understood that Jesus could heal the servant just by speaking. Here # my servant will be healed The word that is translated here as "servant" is normally translated as "boy." It may indicate that the servant was very young or show the centurion's affection for him. - diff --git a/luk/07/08.md b/luk/07/08.md index 014c37e5ab..def8245fed 100644 --- a/luk/07/08.md +++ b/luk/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # to my servant The word that is translated here as "servant" is the typical word for a servant. - diff --git a/luk/07/09.md b/luk/07/09.md index 0fb31f89bc..8fefb9b878 100644 --- a/luk/07/09.md +++ b/luk/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus said this to emphasize the surprising thing that he was about to tell them # not even in Israel have I found such faith. The implication is that Jesus expected Jewish people to have this kind of faith, but they did not. He did not expect Gentiles to have this kind of faith, yet this man did. You may need to add this implied information. Alternate translation: "I have not found any Israelite who trusts me as much as this Gentile does!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/10.md b/luk/07/10.md index 4b769e1088..eea177f77e 100644 --- a/luk/07/10.md +++ b/luk/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who had been sent It is understood that these were the people the centurion sent. This can be stated. Alternate translation: "the people whom the Roman officer had sent to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/11.md b/luk/07/11.md index 5de64dd4f6..c7eef5a119 100644 --- a/luk/07/11.md +++ b/luk/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus goes to the city of Nain, where he heals a man who had died. # Nain This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/12.md b/luk/07/12.md index 3b2c37fa77..4161fcbc06 100644 --- a/luk/07/12.md +++ b/luk/07/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people were carrying # widow a woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried - diff --git a/luk/07/13.md b/luk/07/13.md index d2d79cba0d..825530df60 100644 --- a/luk/07/13.md +++ b/luk/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # was deeply moved with compassion for her "felt very sorry for her" - diff --git a/luk/07/14.md b/luk/07/14.md index 9a06120f0a..25254b6ba9 100644 --- a/luk/07/14.md +++ b/luk/07/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a stretcher or bed used to move the body to the burial place. It did no # I say to you, arise Jesus says this to emphasize that the young man needs to obey him. "Listen to me! Arise" - diff --git a/luk/07/15.md b/luk/07/15.md index 513283795f..3c6a34cbf7 100644 --- a/luk/07/15.md +++ b/luk/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The dead man The man was not still dead; he was now alive. It may be necessary to state this clearly. Alternate translation: "The man who had been dead" - diff --git a/luk/07/16.md b/luk/07/16.md index 767ef0374c..1a0f49f27f 100644 --- a/luk/07/16.md +++ b/luk/07/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They were referring to Jesus, not to some unidentified prophet. "Raised" here is # looked upon This idiom means "cared for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/17.md b/luk/07/17.md index f2a6b0bdb3..422f524373 100644 --- a/luk/07/17.md +++ b/luk/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # This news "This report" or "This message" - diff --git a/luk/07/18.md b/luk/07/18.md index 2a09773f12..9f3c1df754 100644 --- a/luk/07/18.md +++ b/luk/07/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This introduces a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-new # all these things "all the things Jesus was doing" - diff --git a/luk/07/19.md b/luk/07/19.md index 93eaa048e6..06ba3e4347 100644 --- a/luk/07/19.md +++ b/luk/07/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: John sends two of his disciples to question Jesus. - diff --git a/luk/07/20.md b/luk/07/20.md index 244da67050..ea21231a9a 100644 --- a/luk/07/20.md +++ b/luk/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the men said, "John the Baptist has sent us to you to say, 'Are you ... or should we look for another?'" This sentence can be rewritten so that it only has one direct quote. Alternate translation: "the men said that John the Baptist had sent them to him to ask, 'Are you the one who is coming, or should we look for another?'" or "the men said, 'John the Baptist has sent us to you to ask if you are the one who is coming, or if we should look for another.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/21.md b/luk/07/21.md index b64d388519..e60b39ea04 100644 --- a/luk/07/21.md +++ b/luk/07/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from evil spirits It may be helpful to restate the healing. Alternate translation: "he healed them from evil spirits" or "he set people free from evil spirits" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/22.md b/luk/07/22.md index d68ec2d05d..33da8d0202 100644 --- a/luk/07/22.md +++ b/luk/07/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # the poor This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/23.md b/luk/07/23.md index d7f81a2e7f..0f05aba66c 100644 --- a/luk/07/23.md +++ b/luk/07/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will bless the pe # believing in me "trusting me completely" - diff --git a/luk/07/24.md b/luk/07/24.md index 4fce180393..ab8f209110 100644 --- a/luk/07/24.md +++ b/luk/07/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This expects a negative answer. These questions can be written as a question wit # A reed shaken by the wind Possible meanings of this metaphor are 1) a person who easily changes his mind, as reeds are easily moved by the wind, or 2) a person who talks a lot but does not say anything important, as reeds rattle when the wind blows. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/25.md b/luk/07/25.md index 758d356590..3bd874ed14 100644 --- a/luk/07/25.md +++ b/luk/07/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to expensive clothing. Normal clothing was rough. Alternate translat # kings' palaces A palace is a large, expensive house that a king lives in. - diff --git a/luk/07/26.md b/luk/07/26.md index 1fa5275bf1..0d684e3d25 100644 --- a/luk/07/26.md +++ b/luk/07/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus says this to emphasize the importance of what he will say next. # more than a prophet This phrase means that John was indeed a prophet, but that he was even greater than a typical prophet. Alternate translation: "not just an ordinary prophet" or "much more important than a normal prophet" - diff --git a/luk/07/27.md b/luk/07/27.md index 7b1ff957fe..7ca4c8cf80 100644 --- a/luk/07/27.md +++ b/luk/07/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom means "in front of you" or "to go ahead of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # your The word "your" is singular because God was speaking to the Messiah in the quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/28.md b/luk/07/28.md index 46e271774a..75bd7d0d42 100644 --- a/luk/07/28.md +++ b/luk/07/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to anyone who is part of the kingdom that God will establish. # is greater than he is The spiritual state of people in the kingdom of God will be higher than that of the people before the kingdom was established. Alternate translation: "has higher spiritual status than John" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/29.md b/luk/07/29.md index b1e5191d88..7c6faef584 100644 --- a/luk/07/29.md +++ b/luk/07/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This verse could be reordered to be more clear. Alternate translation: "When all # because they had been baptized with the baptism of John This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because they had let John baptize them" or "because John had baptized them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/30.md b/luk/07/30.md index ad1422ec7f..385bca48d3 100644 --- a/luk/07/30.md +++ b/luk/07/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they had not been baptized by John This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they did not let John baptize them" or "they rejected John's baptism" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/31.md b/luk/07/31.md index 598479e5e6..f97daf6de5 100644 --- a/luk/07/31.md +++ b/luk/07/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are two ways of saying that this is a comparison. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # the people of this generation The people living when Jesus spoke. - diff --git a/luk/07/32.md b/luk/07/32.md index 49f7b2e5ac..5849907e70 100644 --- a/luk/07/32.md +++ b/luk/07/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a large, open-air area where people come to sell their goods # and you did not cry "but you did not cry with us" - diff --git a/luk/07/33.md b/luk/07/33.md index 15b8dfdb3c..c0c8c7842b 100644 --- a/luk/07/33.md +++ b/luk/07/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "frequently fasting" or 2) "not eating normal food." # you say, 'He has a demon.' Jesus was quoting what people were saying about John. This can be stated without the direct quote. Alternate translation: "you say that he has a demon." or "you accuse him of having a demon." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/34.md b/luk/07/34.md index 509b849757..0899734f77 100644 --- a/luk/07/34.md +++ b/luk/07/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated as an indirect quote. If you translated "The Son of Man" # a drunkard "a drunk" or "he continually drinks too much alcohol" - diff --git a/luk/07/35.md b/luk/07/35.md index 65bb79de64..a57a5aef3a 100644 --- a/luk/07/35.md +++ b/luk/07/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wisdom is justified by all her children This appears to be a proverb that Jesus applied to this situation, probably to teach that wise people would understand that the people should not have rejected Jesus and John. - diff --git a/luk/07/36.md b/luk/07/36.md index f820c6d041..36642c2250 100644 --- a/luk/07/36.md +++ b/luk/07/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The marks the beginning of a new part of the story and introduces the Pharisee i # reclined at the table to eat "sat down at the table for the meal." It was the custom at a relaxed meal such as this dinner for men to eat while lying down comfortably around the table. - diff --git a/luk/07/37.md b/luk/07/37.md index 840165c6e0..d0d3e9e9cc 100644 --- a/luk/07/37.md +++ b/luk/07/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have # of perfumed oil "with perfume in it." The oil had something in it that made it smell nice. People rubbed it on themselves or sprinkled their clothing with it in order to smell nice. - diff --git a/luk/07/38.md b/luk/07/38.md index 8ebeb81e41..8bdb64fc93 100644 --- a/luk/07/38.md +++ b/luk/07/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # anointed them with perfumed oil "poured perfume on them" - diff --git a/luk/07/39.md b/luk/07/39.md index 332c895096..d7db8b5d0b 100644 --- a/luk/07/39.md +++ b/luk/07/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Pharisee thought that Jesus was not a prophet because he allowed the sinful # that she is a sinner Simon assumed that a prophet would never allow a sinner to touch him. This part of his assumption can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "that she is a sinner, and he would not allow her to touch him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/40.md b/luk/07/40.md index 24c2202554..95018aaf97 100644 --- a/luk/07/40.md +++ b/luk/07/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Simon This was the name of the Pharisee who invited Jesus into his home. This was not Simon Peter. - diff --git a/luk/07/41.md b/luk/07/41.md index 82445f9eec..bad1926224 100644 --- a/luk/07/41.md +++ b/luk/07/41.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To emphasize what he is going to tell Simon the Pharisee, Jesus tells him a stor # the other fifty The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the other debtor owed fifty denarii" or "the other debtor owed 50 days' wages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/42.md b/luk/07/42.md index b91e382838..0fbbdeac3d 100644 --- a/luk/07/42.md +++ b/luk/07/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he forgave them both "he forgave their debts" or "he canceled their debts" - diff --git a/luk/07/43.md b/luk/07/43.md index 86632b0016..bfd4afc1cf 100644 --- a/luk/07/43.md +++ b/luk/07/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Simon was cautious about his answer. Alternate translation: "Probably" # You have judged correctly "You are right" - diff --git a/luk/07/44.md b/luk/07/44.md index 1dbc61a147..7e10d98471 100644 --- a/luk/07/44.md +++ b/luk/07/44.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The woman used her tears in place of the missing water. # wiped them with her hair The woman used her hair in place of the missing towel. - diff --git a/luk/07/45.md b/luk/07/45.md index bed5bc2019..3d1fb25d1e 100644 --- a/luk/07/45.md +++ b/luk/07/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A good host in that culture would greet his guest with a kiss on the cheek. Simo # kissing my feet The woman kissed the feet of Jesus rather than his cheek as a sign of extreme repentance and humility. - diff --git a/luk/07/46.md b/luk/07/46.md index 3481fb0556..7fdb0b48f6 100644 --- a/luk/07/46.md +++ b/luk/07/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues to contrast Simon's poor hospitality with the actions of the wom # anointed my feet The woman greatly honored Jesus by doing this. She demonstrated humility by anointing his feet instead of his head. - diff --git a/luk/07/47.md b/luk/07/47.md index aca8eb789d..bac231d96a 100644 --- a/luk/07/47.md +++ b/luk/07/47.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Her love was the evidence that her sins were forgiven. Some languages require th # the one who is forgiven little "anyone who is forgiven only a few things." In this sentence Jesus states a general principle. However, he expected Simon to understand that he showed very little love for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/48.md b/luk/07/48.md index 8d942d8b5a..ee320fdb9c 100644 --- a/luk/07/48.md +++ b/luk/07/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Your sins are forgiven "You are forgiven." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I forgive your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/49.md b/luk/07/49.md index 0353d8fd8b..5c79620545 100644 --- a/luk/07/49.md +++ b/luk/07/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Who is this that even forgives sins? The religious leaders knew that only God could forgive sins and did not believe that Jesus was God. This question was probably intended to be an accusation. Alternate translation: "Who does this man think he is? Only God can forgive sins!" or "Why is this man pretending to be God, who alone can forgive sins?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/07/50.md b/luk/07/50.md index 2cc1e3e1e7..f00309a1d5 100644 --- a/luk/07/50.md +++ b/luk/07/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Go in peace This is a way of saying good-bye while giving a blessing at the same time. Alternate translation: "As you go, do not worry anymore" or "May God give you peace as you go" - diff --git a/luk/07/intro.md b/luk/07/intro.md index ecfb39088b..b029f05e91 100644 --- a/luk/07/intro.md +++ b/luk/07/intro.md @@ -1,32 +1,32 @@ # Luke 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted material in 7:27. Several times in this chapter Luke changes his topic without marking the change. You should not try to make these rough changes smooth. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Centurion +### Centurion -The centurion who asked Jesus to heal his slave ([Luke 7:2](../../luk/07/02.md) was doing many unusual things. A Roman soldier would almost never go to a Jew for anything, and most wealthy people did not love or care for their slaves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/centurion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) +The centurion who asked Jesus to heal his slave ([Luke 7:2](../../luk/07/02.md) was doing many unusual things. A Roman soldier would almost never go to a Jew for anything, and most wealthy people did not love or care for their slaves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/centurion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])) -#### John's Baptism +### John's Baptism John baptized people to show that those he was baptizing knew they were sinners and were sorry for their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### "Sinners" +### "Sinners" Luke refers to a group of people as "sinners." The Jewish leaders considered these people to be hopelessly ignorant of the law of Moses, and so called them "sinners." In reality, the leaders were sinful. This situation can be taken as irony. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) -#### "Feet" +### "Feet" The feet of the people in the ancient Near East were very dirty because they wore sandals and the roads and trails were dusty and muddy. Only slaves washed other people's feet. The woman who washed Jesus's feet was showing him great honor. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 7:34](../../luk/07/34.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -35,4 +35,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 7:34](../../l * __[Luke 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/08/01.md b/luk/08/01.md index 99a102bc24..2b6ba95fbb 100644 --- a/luk/08/01.md +++ b/luk/08/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses give background information about Jesus's preaching while traveling # It happened This phrase is used here to mark a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/02.md b/luk/08/02.md index 7fdf2b0e25..a29c6ae152 100644 --- a/luk/08/02.md +++ b/luk/08/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ One of the "certain women." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Mary who was called Magdalene ... seven demons had been driven out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Mary, whom people called Magdalene ... Jesus had driven out seven demons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/03.md b/luk/08/03.md index 49b88de6b4..a82683381b 100644 --- a/luk/08/03.md +++ b/luk/08/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Joanna was Chuza's wife, and Chuza was Herod's manager. "Joanna, the wife of Her # provided for their needs "financially supported Jesus and his twelve disciples" - diff --git a/luk/08/04.md b/luk/08/04.md index a45ff35ecd..ce316d1cdf 100644 --- a/luk/08/04.md +++ b/luk/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus tells the parable of the soils to the crowd. He explains its meaning to hi # coming to him "coming to Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/08/05.md b/luk/08/05.md index 14e1efbadd..a4d29f2327 100644 --- a/luk/08/05.md +++ b/luk/08/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This idiom can be translated simply as "birds" or as "birds flew down and" to ke # devoured it "ate it all" or "ate them all" - diff --git a/luk/08/06.md b/luk/08/06.md index d51f06656e..8f37d39a00 100644 --- a/luk/08/06.md +++ b/luk/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it had no moisture "it was too dry" or "they were too dry." The cause can also be stated. Alternate translation: "the ground was too dry" - diff --git a/luk/08/07.md b/luk/08/07.md index 24ea6c1d77..2dc2384855 100644 --- a/luk/08/07.md +++ b/luk/08/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus finishes telling the parable to the crowd. # choked it The thorn plants took all the nutrients, water, and sunlight, so the farmer's plants could not grow well. - diff --git a/luk/08/08.md b/luk/08/08.md index c9d4f7b1b2..42bf9d6cff 100644 --- a/luk/08/08.md +++ b/luk/08/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means a hundred times more than the seeds that were sown. (See: [[rc://en/t # Whoever has ears to hear, let him hear Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some effort to understand and put into practice. The phrase "ears to hear" here is a metonym for the willingness to understand and obey. Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. Alternate translation: "Let the one who is willing to listen, listen" or "The one who is willing to understand, let him understand and obey" or "If you are willing to listen, listen" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] ... [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/09.md b/luk/08/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/08/09.md +++ b/luk/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/08/10.md b/luk/08/10.md index 65092d5242..c348e69f7e 100644 --- a/luk/08/10.md +++ b/luk/08/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are truths that have been hidden, but that Jesus is now revealing them. # hearing they may not understand "though they hear, they will not understand." This is a quote from the prophet Isaiah. Some languages may need to state the object of the verbs. Alternate translation: "though they hear instruction, they will not understand the truth" - diff --git a/luk/08/11.md b/luk/08/11.md index cb76c33ee6..8fe26c7622 100644 --- a/luk/08/11.md +++ b/luk/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to explain the meaning of the parable that he told in [Luke 8:5-8]( # The seed is the word of God "The seed is the message from God" - diff --git a/luk/08/12.md b/luk/08/12.md index dab5daa9c7..0b86c8cfe5 100644 --- a/luk/08/12.md +++ b/luk/08/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In the parable this was a metaphor of a bird snatching away the seeds. Try to us # hearts so they may not believe and be saved. This is the devil's purpose. Alternate translation: "hearts because the devil thinks, 'They must not believe and they must not be saved.'" or "hearts so it will not be that they believe and God saves them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/13.md b/luk/08/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/08/13.md +++ b/luk/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/08/14.md b/luk/08/14.md index a827f0077d..2321a2adca 100644 --- a/luk/08/14.md +++ b/luk/08/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This metaphor refers to the way weeds cut off light and nutrients from plants an # their fruit does not mature "they do not bear ripe fruit." Mature fruit is a metaphor for good works. Alternate translation: "so like a plant that does not produce mature fruit, they do not produce good works" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/15.md b/luk/08/15.md index 7152ee9578..6187ee95e6 100644 --- a/luk/08/15.md +++ b/luk/08/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's thoughts or intentions. Alternate trans # bear fruit with patient endurance "produce fruit by enduring patiently" or "produce fruit by continued effort." Fruit is a metaphor for good works. Alternate translation: "like healthy plants that produce good fruit, they produce good works by persevering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/16.md b/luk/08/16.md index 74f924b727..a17a3e4e5a 100644 --- a/luk/08/16.md +++ b/luk/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues with another parable. # No one This marks the beginning of another parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/17.md b/luk/08/17.md index 5612340274..15de27c2d0 100644 --- a/luk/08/17.md +++ b/luk/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This double negative can be written as a positive statement. Alternate translati # nor is anything secret that will not be known and come into the light This double negative can be written as a positive statement. Alternate translation: "and everything that is secret will be made known and will come into the light" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/18.md b/luk/08/18.md index 61d6e9e5f7..9f6a4dc79e 100644 --- a/luk/08/18.md +++ b/luk/08/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is clear from the context that Jesus is talking about understanding and belie # the one who does not have, even what he thinks he has will be taken away from him It is clear from the context that Jesus is talking about understanding and believing. This can be stated clearly and changed to active form. Alternate translation: "whoever does not have understanding will lose even what understanding he thinks he has" or "God will cause those who do not believe the truth not to understand even the little that they think they have understood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/19.md b/luk/08/19.md index 4792baddd1..22f1bac807 100644 --- a/luk/08/19.md +++ b/luk/08/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brothers These were Jesus's younger brothers—the sons of Mary and Joseph who were born after Jesus. Since the Father of Jesus was God, and their father was Joseph, they were technically his half-brothers. This detail is not normally translated. - diff --git a/luk/08/20.md b/luk/08/20.md index 17ec1a91e4..d62e4f81ce 100644 --- a/luk/08/20.md +++ b/luk/08/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People told him" or " # wanting to see you "and they want to see you" - diff --git a/luk/08/21.md b/luk/08/21.md index 30d528e4f1..f3abe8e4d2 100644 --- a/luk/08/21.md +++ b/luk/08/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor expresses that the people who were coming to listen to Jesus were # the word of God "the message God has spoken" - diff --git a/luk/08/22.md b/luk/08/22.md index 67fa486c19..4e21bb5fa0 100644 --- a/luk/08/22.md +++ b/luk/08/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the lake of Genneseret, which is also called the Sea of Galilee. # They set sail This expression means they began to travel across the lake in their sailboat. - diff --git a/luk/08/23.md b/luk/08/23.md index b4c94a8a44..e0460b3753 100644 --- a/luk/08/23.md +++ b/luk/08/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # their boat was filling with water The strong winds caused high waves which pushed water over the sides of the boat. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the winds caused high waves that started to fill up their boat with water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/24.md b/luk/08/24.md index 3fc1cb2733..5ba7c0b8d6 100644 --- a/luk/08/24.md +++ b/luk/08/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ spoke sharply to # they ceased "the wind and the waves stopped" or "they became still" - diff --git a/luk/08/25.md b/luk/08/25.md index e63b7daf0b..a4ae1fc0ee 100644 --- a/luk/08/25.md +++ b/luk/08/25.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ Jesus rebukes them mildly because they do not trust him to take care of them. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should have faith!" or "You should trust me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) # Who then is this, that he commands even the winds and the water, and they obey him? -This question expresses shock and confusion over how Jesus is able to control the storm. Alternate translation: "What kind of man is this? He commands even the winds and the water, and they obey him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) +This question expresses shock and confusion over how Jesus is able to control the storm. Alternate translation: "What kind of man is this? He commands even the winds and the water, and they obey him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) diff --git a/luk/08/26.md b/luk/08/26.md index 064f494a99..1c27ed20cf 100644 --- a/luk/08/26.md +++ b/luk/08/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Gerasenes were people from the city called Gerasa. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tr # across the lake from Galilee "on the other side of the lake from Galilee" - diff --git a/luk/08/27.md b/luk/08/27.md index f8bfc3958a..ab166c1e1c 100644 --- a/luk/08/27.md +++ b/luk/08/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is background information about the man who had demons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # tombs These are places where people put dead bodies, possibly caves or small buildings that the man could use for shelter. - diff --git a/luk/08/28.md b/luk/08/28.md index 65c032c51e..342f0161e3 100644 --- a/luk/08/28.md +++ b/luk/08/28.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This idiom means "Why are you bothering me?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idi # Son of the Most High God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/29.md b/luk/08/29.md index 0ae79e939b..20702e185f 100644 --- a/luk/08/29.md +++ b/luk/08/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "though the people had # he would be driven by the demon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the demon would make him go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/30.md b/luk/08/30.md index 28c800de97..e6c3a76038 100644 --- a/luk/08/30.md +++ b/luk/08/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Legion Translate this with a word that refers to a large number of soldiers or people. Some other translations say "Army." Alternate translation: "Battalion" or "Brigade" - diff --git a/luk/08/31.md b/luk/08/31.md index 42878016c4..a9f76ed7a7 100644 --- a/luk/08/31.md +++ b/luk/08/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # kept begging him "kept begging Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/08/32.md b/luk/08/32.md index 0e8b739a45..111e792ab0 100644 --- a/luk/08/32.md +++ b/luk/08/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is supplied as background information to introduce the pigs. (See: [[rc://e # was there feeding on the hillside "was nearby eating grass on a hill" - diff --git a/luk/08/33.md b/luk/08/33.md index 7b77b79c0b..fd3ae87102 100644 --- a/luk/08/33.md +++ b/luk/08/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ ran very fast # the herd ... was drowned "the herd ... drowned." No one caused the pigs to drown once they were in the water. - diff --git a/luk/08/34.md b/luk/08/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/08/34.md +++ b/luk/08/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/08/35.md b/luk/08/35.md index ec016c897f..f536d8a7aa 100644 --- a/luk/08/35.md +++ b/luk/08/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # they were afraid It may be helpful to state explicitly that they were afraid of Jesus. Alternate translation: "they were afraid of Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/36.md b/luk/08/36.md index 5b30f3b320..b31de1d55b 100644 --- a/luk/08/36.md +++ b/luk/08/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the man who had been possessed by demons had been healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus had healed the man whom demons had possessed" or "Jesus had healed the man whom demons had controlled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/37.md b/luk/08/37.md index 45bcf14755..6405b06901 100644 --- a/luk/08/37.md +++ b/luk/08/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is not the last thing that Jesus did in that place, so this can also be sta # returned The destination can be stated. Alternate translation: "returned across the lake" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/38.md b/luk/08/38.md index 138a287286..5512f21a24 100644 --- a/luk/08/38.md +++ b/luk/08/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The man The events in these verses happened before Jesus left in the boat. It may be helpful to state this clearly at the beginning. Alternate translation: "Before Jesus and his disciples left, the man" or "Before Jesus and his disciples set sail, the man" - diff --git a/luk/08/39.md b/luk/08/39.md index 12a1b567a1..9228950b78 100644 --- a/luk/08/39.md +++ b/luk/08/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # give a full account of what God has done for you "tell them everything about what God has done for you" - diff --git a/luk/08/40.md b/luk/08/40.md index 6eb7fd7751..736e7a55f2 100644 --- a/luk/08/40.md +++ b/luk/08/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When Jesus and his disciples return to Galilee on the other side of the lake, he # the crowd welcomed him "the crowd joyfully greeted him" - diff --git a/luk/08/41.md b/luk/08/41.md index 1856239adb..ddfe03dd6f 100644 --- a/luk/08/41.md +++ b/luk/08/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fell down at Jesus' feet Possible meanings are 1) "bowed down at Jesus' feet" or 2) "lay down on the ground at Jesus' feet." Jairus did not fall accidentally. He did this as a sign of humility and respect for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/42.md b/luk/08/42.md index 58015db6e2..91dba6cbe7 100644 --- a/luk/08/42.md +++ b/luk/08/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some translators may need to first say that Jesus had agreed to go with Jairus. # the crowds of people pressed together around him "the people were crowding tightly around Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/08/43.md b/luk/08/43.md index faee9e47e8..4beecf81e9 100644 --- a/luk/08/43.md +++ b/luk/08/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This introduces a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing # and could not be healed by anyone This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but no one could heal her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/44.md b/luk/08/44.md index e73b97abce..cfe18cc617 100644 --- a/luk/08/44.md +++ b/luk/08/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # touched the edge of his coat "touched the fringe of his robe." Jewish men wore tassels on the edges of their robes as a part of their ceremonial dress as commanded in God's Law. This is likely what she touched. - diff --git a/luk/08/45.md b/luk/08/45.md index 96b3f8b761..0ccbf1816b 100644 --- a/luk/08/45.md +++ b/luk/08/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the crowds of people are all around you and they are pressing in against you By saying this, Peter was implying that anyone could have touched Jesus. This implicit information can be made explicit if necessary. Alternate translation: "there are many people crowding around you and pressing in against you, so any one of them might have touched you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/46.md b/luk/08/46.md index eebe045822..822fffa241 100644 --- a/luk/08/46.md +++ b/luk/08/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to distinguish this intentional "touch" from the accidental to # I know that power has gone out from me Jesus did not lose power or become weak, but his power healed the woman. Alternate translation: "I know that healing power went out from me" or "I felt my power heal someone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/47.md b/luk/08/47.md index d351aa0a9b..2b9a751146 100644 --- a/luk/08/47.md +++ b/luk/08/47.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "bowed down in front of Jesus" or 2) "lay down on the g # In the presence of all the people "In the sight of all the people" - diff --git a/luk/08/48.md b/luk/08/48.md index 25b987a041..d60621cdc5 100644 --- a/luk/08/48.md +++ b/luk/08/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a kind way of speaking to a woman. Your language may have another way o # Go in peace This idiom is a way of saying, "Goodbye" and giving a blessing at the same time. Alternate translation: "As you go, do not worry anymore" or "May God give you peace as you go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/49.md b/luk/08/49.md index 184cabdcac..91234afc27 100644 --- a/luk/08/49.md +++ b/luk/08/49.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This statement implies that Jesus will not be able to do anything to help now th # the teacher This refers to Jesus. - diff --git a/luk/08/50.md b/luk/08/50.md index ff4b7d1218..8373043be3 100644 --- a/luk/08/50.md +++ b/luk/08/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she will be healed "she will be well" or "she will live again" - diff --git a/luk/08/51.md b/luk/08/51.md index 2f6a84bea5..617597544a 100644 --- a/luk/08/51.md +++ b/luk/08/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that Peter and the others were the only ones who # the father of the child This refers to Jairus. - diff --git a/luk/08/52.md b/luk/08/52.md index 9802ba0f34..0ff9a6fc06 100644 --- a/luk/08/52.md +++ b/luk/08/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all were mourning and wailing for her This was the normal way of showing grief in that culture. Alternate translation: "all the people there were showing how sad they were and crying loudly because the girl had died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/53.md b/luk/08/53.md index c9f3341cf1..94b5a2b9f9 100644 --- a/luk/08/53.md +++ b/luk/08/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # began to mock him, knowing that she "laughed at him because they knew the girl" - diff --git a/luk/08/54.md b/luk/08/54.md index 3947275780..4fa4d84249 100644 --- a/luk/08/54.md +++ b/luk/08/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he took her by the hand "Jesus took hold of the girl's hand" - diff --git a/luk/08/55.md b/luk/08/55.md index 6a78b0805c..357d60fc31 100644 --- a/luk/08/55.md +++ b/luk/08/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Her spirit returned "Her spirit returned to her body." The Jews understood that life was the result of the spirit coming into a person. Alternate translation: "She started breathing again" or "She came back to life" or "She became alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/08/56.md b/luk/08/56.md index 44a22720f6..a7a9d1089a 100644 --- a/luk/08/56.md +++ b/luk/08/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to tell no one This could be stated differently. Alternate translation: "not to tell anyone" - diff --git a/luk/08/intro.md b/luk/08/intro.md index 3a003e50fa..4715a74d1a 100644 --- a/luk/08/intro.md +++ b/luk/08/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Luke 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Several times in this chapter Luke changes his topic without marking the change. You should not try to make these rough changes smooth. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Miracles +### Miracles Jesus made a storm stop by speaking to it, he made a dead girl alive by speaking to her, and he made evil spirits leave a man by speaking to them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Parables +### Parables The parables were short stories that Jesus told so that people would easily understand the lesson he was trying to teach them. He also told the stories so that those who did not want to believe in him would not understand the truth ([Luke 8:4-15](./04.md)). @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The parables were short stories that Jesus told so that people would easily unde * __[Luke 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/09/01.md b/luk/09/01.md index daed59cf5e..c8c784c0df 100644 --- a/luk/09/01.md +++ b/luk/09/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "every demon" or 2) "every kind of demon." # diseases sicknesses - diff --git a/luk/09/02.md b/luk/09/02.md index 5bddd8e5a1..c0e97236f4 100644 --- a/luk/09/02.md +++ b/luk/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sent them out "sent them to various places" or "told them to go" - diff --git a/luk/09/03.md b/luk/09/03.md index b6c08b2d5a..367a3e8511 100644 --- a/luk/09/03.md +++ b/luk/09/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a bag a traveler uses for carrying what he needs on a journey # bread This is here used as a general reference to "food." - diff --git a/luk/09/04.md b/luk/09/04.md index d745fa848a..0328b058d2 100644 --- a/luk/09/04.md +++ b/luk/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # until you leave "until you leave that town" or "until you leave that place" - diff --git a/luk/09/05.md b/luk/09/05.md index c08d73ebd0..216a78a099 100644 --- a/luk/09/05.md +++ b/luk/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # shake off the dust from your feet as a testimony against them To "shake off the dust from your feet" was an expression of strong rejection in that culture. It showed they did not want even the dust of that town to remain on them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/06.md b/luk/09/06.md index 294f24ce42..e10bd83145 100644 --- a/luk/09/06.md +++ b/luk/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # healing everywhere "healing wherever they went" - diff --git a/luk/09/07.md b/luk/09/07.md index 3051157165..b77584822e 100644 --- a/luk/09/07.md +++ b/luk/09/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ unable to understand, confused # it was said by some This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "some people said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/08.md b/luk/09/08.md index a7314c6c34..09ba59fb5e 100644 --- a/luk/09/08.md +++ b/luk/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # still others that one of the prophets of long ago had risen The word "said" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "still others said that one of the prophets of long ago had risen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/09.md b/luk/09/09.md index a73e5ae476..f49a0e6afb 100644 --- a/luk/09/09.md +++ b/luk/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Herod assumes that it is impossible for John to rise from the dead. This can be # I beheaded John Herod's soldiers would have carried out executions. Alternate translation: "I commanded my soldiers to cut off John's head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/10.md b/luk/09/10.md index 89365216bf..ecf0ad5d2c 100644 --- a/luk/09/10.md +++ b/luk/09/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the teaching and healing that they did when they went to the othe # Bethsaida This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/11.md b/luk/09/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/09/11.md +++ b/luk/09/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/09/12.md b/luk/09/12.md index 3bfaea0ba0..1240e7a944 100644 --- a/luk/09/12.md +++ b/luk/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # an isolated place This was a place far away from where people lived. Alternate translation: "a remote place" or "a place where no one lives" - diff --git a/luk/09/13.md b/luk/09/13.md index c230dd94d7..2bb67f9b4a 100644 --- a/luk/09/13.md +++ b/luk/09/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A loaf of bread is a lump of dough that is shaped and baked. # two fish—unless we go and buy food for all these people If "unless" is difficult to understand in your language, you could make a new sentence. "two fish. In order to feed all these people, we would have to go and buy food" - diff --git a/luk/09/14.md b/luk/09/14.md index 62a436e595..ee1832cd73 100644 --- a/luk/09/14.md +++ b/luk/09/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # fifty each "50 each" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/15.md b/luk/09/15.md index 7fa0d49dac..0ca25b5dc3 100644 --- a/luk/09/15.md +++ b/luk/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So they did this "This" refers to what Jesus told them to do [Luke 9:14](../09/14.md). They told the people to sit down in groups of about fifty people. - diff --git a/luk/09/16.md b/luk/09/16.md index 533d596c87..8723ada3db 100644 --- a/luk/09/16.md +++ b/luk/09/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the loaves of bread and the fish. # to set before "to pass out to" or "to give to" - diff --git a/luk/09/17.md b/luk/09/17.md index e675b12d1b..37f2722df0 100644 --- a/luk/09/17.md +++ b/luk/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were satisfied This idiom means they ate enough food so they were not hungry. Alternate translation: "they had as much as they wanted to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/18.md b/luk/09/18.md index b1feec00ad..938a1595b2 100644 --- a/luk/09/18.md +++ b/luk/09/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/t # praying by himself "praying alone." The disciples were with Jesus, but he was praying personally and privately by himself. - diff --git a/luk/09/19.md b/luk/09/19.md index 8a2d5c8e05..17b64f9304 100644 --- a/luk/09/19.md +++ b/luk/09/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be helpful to clarify how this answer relates to Jesus's question. Altern # has risen "has come back to life" - diff --git a/luk/09/20.md b/luk/09/20.md index c2b9c6b7f5..a46e66100f 100644 --- a/luk/09/20.md +++ b/luk/09/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then he said to them "Then Jesus said to his disciples" - diff --git a/luk/09/21.md b/luk/09/21.md index c1c2fd3560..41f824257c 100644 --- a/luk/09/21.md +++ b/luk/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The combination of "warned" and "instructed" is a hendiadys that means "strongly # them to tell this to no one. "not to tell anyone." or "that they should not tell anyone." This could be stated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "them, 'Do not tell anyone.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/22.md b/luk/09/22.md index 7af8007878..8ee2434dee 100644 --- a/luk/09/22.md +++ b/luk/09/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will kill him" ( # be raised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will make him alive again" or "he will live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/23.md b/luk/09/23.md index 18fd0cdeda..1935bba7b6 100644 --- a/luk/09/23.md +++ b/luk/09/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Coming after Jesus represents being one of his disciples. Alternate translation: # take up his cross daily and follow me "carry his cross and follow me every day." The cross represents suffering and death. Taking up the cross represents being willing to suffer and die. To follow Jesus represents obeying him. Alternate translation: "must obey me every day even to the point of suffering and dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/24.md b/luk/09/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/09/24.md +++ b/luk/09/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/09/25.md b/luk/09/25.md index 7b48d5c499..1ec47fc25a 100644 --- a/luk/09/25.md +++ b/luk/09/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implied answer to this question is that it is not good. Alternate translatio # lose or forfeit himself "ruin himself or give up his life" - diff --git a/luk/09/26.md b/luk/09/26.md index 89ec069e42..7d41e6c4a4 100644 --- a/luk/09/26.md +++ b/luk/09/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus was speaking about himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man ... # the Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/27.md b/luk/09/27.md index bb81d1ca10..cd3368202c 100644 --- a/luk/09/27.md +++ b/luk/09/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus was speaking to the people he was talking about. Alternate translation: "b # will not taste death before they see the kingdom of God "Taste death" is an idiom that means "die." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "will see the kingdom of God before they die" or "will see the kingdom of God before you die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/28.md b/luk/09/28.md index 96a5eba2bc..d6a92b82d9 100644 --- a/luk/09/28.md +++ b/luk/09/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eight days after Jesus tells his disciples that some would not die before they s # these words This refers to what Jesus said to his disciples in the preceding verses. - diff --git a/luk/09/29.md b/luk/09/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/09/29.md +++ b/luk/09/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/09/30.md b/luk/09/30.md index c43c894126..0a952d42e1 100644 --- a/luk/09/30.md +++ b/luk/09/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Behold The word "Behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. Alternate translation: "Suddenly" - diff --git a/luk/09/31.md b/luk/09/31.md index 526584debb..be6c9481f9 100644 --- a/luk/09/31.md +++ b/luk/09/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase gives information about how Moses and Elijah looked. Some languages # his departure "his leaving" or "how Jesus would leave this world." This was a polite way of talking about his death. Alternate translation: "his death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/32.md b/luk/09/32.md index 8d3f1c0128..b9d0acf7c9 100644 --- a/luk/09/32.md +++ b/luk/09/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the brilliant light that surrounded them. Alternate translation: # the two men who were standing with him This refers to Moses and Elijah. - diff --git a/luk/09/33.md b/luk/09/33.md index 7206853e0a..cec799dc0f 100644 --- a/luk/09/33.md +++ b/luk/09/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # shelters simple, temporary places in which to sit or sleep - diff --git a/luk/09/34.md b/luk/09/34.md index be2ad9a00b..9110a4071b 100644 --- a/luk/09/34.md +++ b/luk/09/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These adult disciples were not afraid of clouds. This phrase indicates that some # they entered into the cloud This can be expressed in terms of what the cloud did. Alternate translation: "the cloud surrounded them" - diff --git a/luk/09/35.md b/luk/09/35.md index e98e8d6b0f..2722831348 100644 --- a/luk/09/35.md +++ b/luk/09/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # the one who is chosen This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "the one I have chosen" or "I have chosen him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/36.md b/luk/09/36.md index e9aaf73583..caf8688aa4 100644 --- a/luk/09/36.md +++ b/luk/09/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is information that tells what happened after the story as a result of the # kept silent ... told no one The first phrase refers to their immediate response, and the second refers to what they did in the following days. - diff --git a/luk/09/37.md b/luk/09/37.md index d2df4cc178..78425c0d60 100644 --- a/luk/09/37.md +++ b/luk/09/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The next day after Jesus's dazzling appearance, Jesus heals a demon-possessed boy that the disciples were unable to make better. - diff --git a/luk/09/38.md b/luk/09/38.md index af5f0d9360..1f02c4bcac 100644 --- a/luk/09/38.md +++ b/luk/09/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Behold, a man from the crowd The word "behold" alerts us to the new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses "There was a man in the crowd who" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/39.md b/luk/09/39.md index f1b0aea9c5..510beabe6a 100644 --- a/luk/09/39.md +++ b/luk/09/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "You see" introduces us to the evil spirit in the man's story. Your l # he foams at the mouth "foam comes out of his mouth." When a person has a seizure, he can have trouble breathing or swallowing. This causes white foam to form around his mouth. - diff --git a/luk/09/40.md b/luk/09/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/09/40.md +++ b/luk/09/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/09/41.md b/luk/09/41.md index 8ec10140f8..bc0e69d094 100644 --- a/luk/09/41.md +++ b/luk/09/41.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "you" is plural. Jesus uses these questions to express his sadness that the # Bring your son here Here "your" is singular. Jesus is speaking directly to the father who addressed him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/42.md b/luk/09/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/09/42.md +++ b/luk/09/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/09/43.md b/luk/09/43.md index f1ef00d156..bdc1356a46 100644 --- a/luk/09/43.md +++ b/luk/09/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus performed the miracle, but the crowd recognized that God was the power beh # everything he was doing "everything Jesus was doing" - diff --git a/luk/09/44.md b/luk/09/44.md index af388eac78..71f1123a90 100644 --- a/luk/09/44.md +++ b/luk/09/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated with an active clause. Here "hands" refers to power or contro # The Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of men Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. The word "hands" is a synecdoche for the people whose hands they are or a metonym for the power that uses those hands. You may need to make explicit who these men are. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of men" or "The Son of Man will be betrayed into the power of his enemies" or "I, the Son of Man will be betrayed to my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/45.md b/luk/09/45.md index 5fcf85bde4..d70dcfa448 100644 --- a/luk/09/45.md +++ b/luk/09/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It was hidden from them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God hid the meaning from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/46.md b/luk/09/46.md index 7063461f31..396f63889c 100644 --- a/luk/09/46.md +++ b/luk/09/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The disciples begin to argue about who will be the most powerful among them. # among them "among the disciples" - diff --git a/luk/09/47.md b/luk/09/47.md index 28ebf9e801..7318f2978c 100644 --- a/luk/09/47.md +++ b/luk/09/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # knowing the reasoning in their hearts Here "hearts" is a metonym for their minds. Alternate translation: "knowing the reasoning in their minds" or "knowing what they were thinking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/48.md b/luk/09/48.md index cb7ee0cb50..f4f97d9df0 100644 --- a/luk/09/48.md +++ b/luk/09/48.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This metaphor could also be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: "in my na # the one who is great "the one whom God considers to be most important" - diff --git a/luk/09/49.md b/luk/09/49.md index 95beb062f4..0e5c056121 100644 --- a/luk/09/49.md +++ b/luk/09/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John speaks of himself but not Jesus, so "we" here is exclusive. (See: [[rc://en # in your name This means the person was speaking with the power and authority of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/50.md b/luk/09/50.md index 6f9482b117..b0d0245108 100644 --- a/luk/09/50.md +++ b/luk/09/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "Allow him to continue" # whoever is not against you is for you Some modern languages have sayings that mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "if a person does not keep you from working, it is as if he were helping you" or "if someone is not working against you, he is working with you" - diff --git a/luk/09/51.md b/luk/09/51.md index 21d0c9a123..cdba836284 100644 --- a/luk/09/51.md +++ b/luk/09/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "be taken up" implies that Jesus will be taken up to heaven. This can be st # set his face This idiom means he "firmly decided." Alternate translation: "made up his mind" or "decided" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/52.md b/luk/09/52.md index 6a2a08102d..ca41fbfb0e 100644 --- a/luk/09/52.md +++ b/luk/09/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to prepare everything for him This means to make arrangements for his arrival there, possibly including a place to speak, a place to stay, and food. - diff --git a/luk/09/53.md b/luk/09/53.md index 10c2ce675e..8b20da0e43 100644 --- a/luk/09/53.md +++ b/luk/09/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because he had set his face to go to Jerusalem The Samaritans and the Jews hated each other. Therefore the Samaritans would not help Jesus on his journey to Jerusalem, the Jewish capital. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/54.md b/luk/09/54.md index 3efe391a78..a7e3849da0 100644 --- a/luk/09/54.md +++ b/luk/09/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # command fire to come down from heaven and destroy them James and John suggested this method of judgment because they knew that this was how the prophets such as Elijah had judged people who rejected God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/55.md b/luk/09/55.md index 413dfc3889..8fe14ff48d 100644 --- a/luk/09/55.md +++ b/luk/09/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he turned and rebuked them "Jesus turned and rebuked James and John." Jesus did not condemn the Samaritans as the disciples expected. - diff --git a/luk/09/56.md b/luk/09/56.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/09/56.md +++ b/luk/09/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/09/57.md b/luk/09/57.md index cf75177d7e..88713f4ef5 100644 --- a/luk/09/57.md +++ b/luk/09/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # someone This was not one of the disciples. - diff --git a/luk/09/58.md b/luk/09/58.md index 327dbb4f04..723d91d89a 100644 --- a/luk/09/58.md +++ b/luk/09/58.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "I, # nowhere to lay his head "nowhere to rest my head" or "nowhere to sleep." Jesus exaggerates to emphasize that he has no permanent home and that people did not often invite him to stay with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/59.md b/luk/09/59.md index 55c5d57a84..2beb13dcb2 100644 --- a/luk/09/59.md +++ b/luk/09/59.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is unclear whether the man's father has died and he will bury him immediately # first let me go "before I do that, let me go" - diff --git a/luk/09/60.md b/luk/09/60.md index 3839686f12..eb98e2de45 100644 --- a/luk/09/60.md +++ b/luk/09/60.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus does not mean literally that dead people will bury other dead people. Poss # the dead This refers to dead people in general. Alternate translation: "the dead people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/luk/09/61.md b/luk/09/61.md index b9b8971fb3..14fb21ea00 100644 --- a/luk/09/61.md +++ b/luk/09/61.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # first let me say goodbye to those in my home "before I do that, let me tell my people at my home that I am leaving" - diff --git a/luk/09/62.md b/luk/09/62.md index 0815499404..b7ca241cea 100644 --- a/luk/09/62.md +++ b/luk/09/62.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Anyone who is looking back while plowing cannot guide the plow where it needs to # fit for the kingdom of God "useful for the kingdom of God" or "suitable for the kingdom of God" - diff --git a/luk/09/intro.md b/luk/09/intro.md index e48a60277c..8750eb5e9b 100644 --- a/luk/09/intro.md +++ b/luk/09/intro.md @@ -1,34 +1,34 @@ # Luke 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "To preach the kingdom of God" +### "To preach the kingdom of God" No one knows for sure what the words "kingdom of God" here refer to. Some say it refers to the reign of God on earth, and others say it refers to the gospel message that Jesus died to pay for his people's sins. It is best to translate this as "to preach about the kingdom of God" or "to teach them about how God was going to show himself as king." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Elijah +### Elijah God had promised the Jews that the prophet Elijah would return before the Messiah came, so some people who saw Jesus do miracles thought Jesus was Elijah ([Luke 9:9](../../luk/09/09.md), [Luke 9:19](../../luk/09/19.md)). However, Elijah did come to earth to speak with Jesus ([Luke 9:30](../../luk/09/30.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/elijah]]) -#### "Kingdom of God" +### "Kingdom of God" The term "kingdom of God" is used in this chapter to refer to a kingdom that was still in the future when the words were spoken. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]]) -#### Glory +### Glory Scripture often speaks of God's glory as a great, brilliant light. When people see this light, they are afraid. Luke says in this chapter that Jesus's clothing shone with this glorious light so that his followers could see that Jesus truly was God's Son. At the same time, God told them that Jesus was his Son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. An example in this chapter is: "Whoever would save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake will save it." ([Luke 9:24](../../luk/09/24.md)). -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 9:22](../../luk/09/22.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) -#### "Receiving" +### "Receiving" This word appears several times in this chapter and means different things. When Jesus says, "If someone receives a little child like this in my name, he also is receiving me, and if someone receives me, he is also receiving the one who sent me" ([Luke 9:48](../../luk/09/48.md)), he is speaking of people serving the child. When Luke says, "the people there did not receive him" ([Luke 9:53](../../luk/09/53.md)), he means that the people did not believe in or accept Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ This word appears several times in this chapter and means different things. When * __[Luke 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/10/01.md b/luk/10/01.md index 150a859db9..31be16dd7f 100644 --- a/luk/10/01.md +++ b/luk/10/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # sent them out two by two "sent them out in groups of two" or "sent them out with two people in each group" - diff --git a/luk/10/02.md b/luk/10/02.md index 8829188b2c..e81254919d 100644 --- a/luk/10/02.md +++ b/luk/10/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was before the men actually went out. Alternate translation: "He had said t # The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few "There is a big crop, but not enough workers to bring it in." Jesus means there are many people ready to enter God's kingdom, but there are not enough disciples to go teach and help the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/03.md b/luk/10/03.md index 771ede7d8c..a3d3e36fda 100644 --- a/luk/10/03.md +++ b/luk/10/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I send you out as lambs in the midst of wolves Wolves attack and kill sheep. This metaphor therefore means that there are people who would attempt to harm the disciples that Jesus is sending out. The names of other animals could be substituted. Alternate translation: "when I send you out, people will want to harm you, as wolves attack sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/04.md b/luk/10/04.md index db42b31ff9..30bc30cfb0 100644 --- a/luk/10/04.md +++ b/luk/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # greet no one on the road "do not greet anyone on the road." Jesus was emphasizing that they should go quickly to the towns and do this work. He was not telling them to be rude. - diff --git a/luk/10/05.md b/luk/10/05.md index 0a96bd881b..0426f55bc0 100644 --- a/luk/10/05.md +++ b/luk/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May peace be on this house This was both a greeting and a blessing. Here "house" refers to those who live in the house. Alternate translation: "May the people in this household receive peace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/06.md b/luk/10/06.md index c72f2ddaf2..733f56f967 100644 --- a/luk/10/06.md +++ b/luk/10/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It may be helpful to restate the entire phrase. Alternate translation: "if there # it will return to you Here "peace" is described as a living thing that can choose to leave. Alternate translation: "you will have that peace" or "he will not receive the peace you blessed him with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/07.md b/luk/10/07.md index de4fd05fca..b82634eb2e 100644 --- a/luk/10/07.md +++ b/luk/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a general principle that Jesus was applying to the men he was sending ou # Do not move around from house to house Moving around from house to house means going to different houses. It can be made clear that he was talking about staying overnight at different houses. "Do not go sleep at a different house each night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/08.md b/luk/10/08.md index 252547c514..e06f8088c1 100644 --- a/luk/10/08.md +++ b/luk/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # eat what is set before you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "eat whatever food they give you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/09.md b/luk/10/09.md index 62d8c38b06..68042139a2 100644 --- a/luk/10/09.md +++ b/luk/10/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to sick people in general. Alternate translation: "the sick people" # The kingdom of God has come close to you The abstract noun "kingdom" can be expressed with the verbs "reign" or "rule." Possible meanings are 1) the kingdom of God will begin soon. Alternate translation: "God will soon rule everywhere as king" or 2) the activities of kingdom of God are happening all around you. Alternate translation: "The proof that God is reigning is all around you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/10.md b/luk/10/10.md index ec3a45e0d9..e304ce78e0 100644 --- a/luk/10/10.md +++ b/luk/10/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and they do not receive you "and the people of the city reject you" - diff --git a/luk/10/11.md b/luk/10/11.md index 11ce443620..0321650f57 100644 --- a/luk/10/11.md +++ b/luk/10/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "But know this" emphasizes the importance of what is said next. Alter # The kingdom of God is near The abstract noun "kingdom" can be expressed with the verbs "reign" or "rule." See how you translated a similar sentence in [Luke 10:8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: "God will soon rule everywhere as king" or "The proof that God is reigning is all around you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/12.md b/luk/10/12.md index bbe93bb831..7c7dce1ada 100644 --- a/luk/10/12.md +++ b/luk/10/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The disciples would have understood that this refers to the time of final judgme # it will be more tolerable for Sodom than for that town "God will not judge Sodom as severely as he will judge that town." Alternate translation: "God will judge the people of that town more severely than he will judge the people of Sodom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/13.md b/luk/10/13.md index 8108eb572d..4c4e31912a 100644 --- a/luk/10/13.md +++ b/luk/10/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus is describing a situation that could have happened in the past but did not # sitting in sackcloth and ashes "wearing sackcloth and sitting in ashes" - diff --git a/luk/10/14.md b/luk/10/14.md index 7a8c186403..6ede5f1d2b 100644 --- a/luk/10/14.md +++ b/luk/10/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to clearly state the reason for their judgment. Alternate tran # at the judgment "on that final day when God judges everyone" - diff --git a/luk/10/15.md b/luk/10/15.md index ddf51aa03c..e6d4a04b78 100644 --- a/luk/10/15.md +++ b/luk/10/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to rebuke the people of Capernaum for their pride. The exp # you will be brought down to Hades This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will go down to Hades" or "God will send you to Hades" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/16.md b/luk/10/16.md index 5fad063f9c..c4d55f7e72 100644 --- a/luk/10/16.md +++ b/luk/10/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The comparison can be clearly stated as a simile. Alternate translation: "when s # the one who sent me This refers to God the Father, who appointed Jesus for this special task. Alternate translation: "God, who sent me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/17.md b/luk/10/17.md index 0281b09834..6f9b99abde 100644 --- a/luk/10/17.md +++ b/luk/10/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may want to add a footnote: "Some versions have '72' instead of '70.'" (See: # in your name Here "name" refers to Jesus's power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/18.md b/luk/10/18.md index 577f376350..f2c1abe111 100644 --- a/luk/10/18.md +++ b/luk/10/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus used a simile to compare how God was defeating Satan when his 70 disciples # fall from heaven as lightning Possible meanings are 1) fall as quickly as lighting strikes, or 2) fall down from heaven as lightning strikes downward. Since both meaning are possible, it may be best to keep the image. - diff --git a/luk/10/19.md b/luk/10/19.md index 3fcd26ee4e..bbe8f9dd02 100644 --- a/luk/10/19.md +++ b/luk/10/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Scorpions are small animals with two claws and a poisonous stinger on their tail # over all the power of the enemy "I have given you authority to crush the power of the enemy" or "I have given you authority to defeat the enemy." The enemy is Satan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/20.md b/luk/10/20.md index 63e41a29a7..d523ee23dc 100644 --- a/luk/10/20.md +++ b/luk/10/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your names are engraved in heaven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has written your names in heaven" or "your names are on the list of people who are citizens of heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/21.md b/luk/10/21.md index 6e87cb73d6..097fec1e36 100644 --- a/luk/10/21.md +++ b/luk/10/21.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This refers to those who may not have much education but who are willing to acce # for so it was well pleasing in your sight "for it pleased you to do this" - diff --git a/luk/10/22.md b/luk/10/22.md index 8793e64bec..db9222ccab 100644 --- a/luk/10/22.md +++ b/luk/10/22.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that the Son is the only one who knows. Alternat # those to whom the Son chooses to reveal him "whoever the Son desires to show the Father to" - diff --git a/luk/10/23.md b/luk/10/23.md index a52881699d..f426be8616 100644 --- a/luk/10/23.md +++ b/luk/10/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "privately" indicates that he was alone with his disciples. Alternate t # Blessed are those who see the things that you see This probably refers to the good works and miracles that Jesus was doing. Alternate translation: "How good it is for those who see the things that you see me doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/24.md b/luk/10/24.md index 5310769e30..d3d3a80659 100644 --- a/luk/10/24.md +++ b/luk/10/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This probably refers to the teaching of Jesus. Alternate translation: "the thing # and they did not hear them This implies that Jesus was not yet teaching. Alternate translation: "but they could not hear them because I had not yet started to teach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/25.md b/luk/10/25.md index 43870eee60..a42512ffb1 100644 --- a/luk/10/25.md +++ b/luk/10/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that probably here means "began to act." Your language may have # test him "challenge Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/10/26.md b/luk/10/26.md index 90245d7c87..50f4e76580 100644 --- a/luk/10/26.md +++ b/luk/10/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be asked in active form. Alternate translation: "What did Moses write i # How do you read it? "What have you read in it?" or "What do you understand it to say?" - diff --git a/luk/10/27.md b/luk/10/27.md index f1431eb2c4..47a7237866 100644 --- a/luk/10/27.md +++ b/luk/10/27.md @@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ The man is quoting what Moses wrote in the law. -# with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength, and with all your mind +# with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength, and with all your mind Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These four phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) # your neighbor as yourself This simile can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "love your neighbor as much as you love yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/28.md b/luk/10/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/10/28.md +++ b/luk/10/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/10/29.md b/luk/10/29.md index 3bf551138b..af1baeb989 100644 --- a/luk/10/29.md +++ b/luk/10/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Who is my neighbor? The man wanted to know whom he was required to love. Alternate translation: "Whom should I consider to be my neighbor and love as I love myself?" or "Which people are my neighbors that I should love?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/30.md b/luk/10/30.md index 56387d8f11..89ae95fda7 100644 --- a/luk/10/30.md +++ b/luk/10/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This introduces a new character in the parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writi # half dead This idiom means "almost dead." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/31.md b/luk/10/31.md index 3e83363d18..9e3b8694fd 100644 --- a/luk/10/31.md +++ b/luk/10/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This expression introduces a new person in the story, but does not identify him # he passed by on the other side It is implied that he did not help the man. Alternate translation: "he did not help the injured man but instead walked past him on the other side of the road" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/32.md b/luk/10/32.md index ecfed2d27f..b576cbf9bb 100644 --- a/luk/10/32.md +++ b/luk/10/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a Levite ... the other side The Levite served in the temple. He would be expected to help his fellow Jewish man. Since he did not, it may are helpful to state that. Alternate translation: "a Levite ... the other side and did not help him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/33.md b/luk/10/33.md index ae56735406..5512c740ce 100644 --- a/luk/10/33.md +++ b/luk/10/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Jews despised the Samaritans and would have assumed that he would not help t # he was moved with compassion "he felt sorry for him" - diff --git a/luk/10/34.md b/luk/10/34.md index ad25dc5a7c..edb8f7d591 100644 --- a/luk/10/34.md +++ b/luk/10/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Wine was used to clean the wound, and oil was probably used to prevent infection # his own animal "his own pack animal." This was an animal that he used to carry heavy loads. It was probably a donkey. - diff --git a/luk/10/35.md b/luk/10/35.md index 1d02f93623..dc9a1eae62 100644 --- a/luk/10/35.md +++ b/luk/10/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # whatever extra you spend, when I return, I will repay you This could be reordered. Alternate translation: "when I return, I will repay you whatever extra amount you spend" - diff --git a/luk/10/36.md b/luk/10/36.md index 439b192201..f4e468dfa2 100644 --- a/luk/10/36.md +++ b/luk/10/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This could be written as two questions. Alternate translation: "What do you thin # to him who fell among the robbers "to the man whom the robbers attacked" - diff --git a/luk/10/37.md b/luk/10/37.md index bec7b82eca..d476bfab95 100644 --- a/luk/10/37.md +++ b/luk/10/37.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # He said, "The one who showed mercy to him." + "The expert in the law said, 'The one who showed mercy to him.'" # Go and do the same Here "do the same" refers to showing mercy to others. Alternate translation: "In the same way, go and show mercy to anyone else who needs help" or "In the same way, go and help everyone you can" - diff --git a/luk/10/38.md b/luk/10/38.md index 94414aadac..59f22c0f94 100644 --- a/luk/10/38.md +++ b/luk/10/38.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This introduces the village as a new location, but does not name it. # a certain woman named Martha This introduces Martha as a new character. Your language may have a way of introducing new people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/39.md b/luk/10/39.md index f3fb1a36f2..7b5813fa64 100644 --- a/luk/10/39.md +++ b/luk/10/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was the normal and respectful position for a learner at that time. Alternat # heard his word This refers to everything that Jesus taught while at Martha's house. Alternate translation: "listened to the Lord teach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/40.md b/luk/10/40.md index 40be7220f9..b4f463420b 100644 --- a/luk/10/40.md +++ b/luk/10/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do you not care ... alone? Martha is complaining that the Lord is allowing Mary to sit listening to him when there is so much work to do. She respects the Lord, so she uses a rhetorical question to make her complaint more polite. Alternate translation: "it seems like you do not care ... alone." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/41.md b/luk/10/41.md index ffd833bc6c..d20fe486b3 100644 --- a/luk/10/41.md +++ b/luk/10/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Martha, Martha Jesus repeats Martha's name for emphasis. Alternate translation: "Dear Martha" or "You, Martha" - diff --git a/luk/10/42.md b/luk/10/42.md index 98efc58907..0e19649a74 100644 --- a/luk/10/42.md +++ b/luk/10/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is contrasting what Mary is doing with what Martha is doing. It may be hel # which will not be taken away from her Possible meanings are 1) "and I will not take this opportunity away from her" or 2) "and she will not lose what she has gained as she was listening to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/10/intro.md b/luk/10/intro.md index 82ba7a79d0..c04fec1f45 100644 --- a/luk/10/intro.md +++ b/luk/10/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Luke 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Harvest +### Harvest Harvest is when people go out to get the food they have planted so they can bring it to their houses and eat it. Harvest can also refer to the food that is gathered. Jesus used this as a metaphor to teach his followers that they need to go and tell other people about Jesus so those people can be part of God's kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/harvest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -#### Neighbor +### Neighbor A neighbor is anyone who lives nearby. The Jews helped their Jewish neighbors who needed help, and they expected their Jewish neighbors to help them. Jesus wanted them to understand that people who were not Jews were also their neighbors, so he told them a parable ([Luke 10:29-36](./29.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ A neighbor is anyone who lives nearby. The Jews helped their Jewish neighbors wh * __[Luke 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/11/01.md b/luk/11/01.md index 8386972bc7..b1741315e8 100644 --- a/luk/11/01.md +++ b/luk/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The is the beginning of the next part of the story. Jesus teaches his disciples # It happened This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/02.md b/luk/11/02.md index 7f4893bc03..8f276443c3 100644 --- a/luk/11/02.md +++ b/luk/11/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus is commanding the disciples to honor the name of God the Father by address # May your kingdom come The action of God ruling over everyone is spoken of as if it were God himself. Alternate translation: "May you come and rule over everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/03.md b/luk/11/03.md index 2bb27792a9..f123341d67 100644 --- a/luk/11/03.md +++ b/luk/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an imperative, but it should be translated as a request, rather than as # our daily bread Bread was an inexpensive food that people ate every day. It is used here to refer to food in general. Alternate translation: "the food we need each day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/04.md b/luk/11/04.md index 8a7a3a99ea..6e5f8210be 100644 --- a/luk/11/04.md +++ b/luk/11/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are imperatives, but they should be translated as requests, rather than as # Do not lead us into temptation This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Lead us away from temptation" - diff --git a/luk/11/05.md b/luk/11/05.md index 775956c976..122c43eba3 100644 --- a/luk/11/05.md +++ b/luk/11/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues to teach his disciples about prayer. # three loaves of bread Bread is a food that people in Israel commonly ate. If people in your community do not know what bread is, you may translate it with a more general expression for food. Alternate translation: "some food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/06.md b/luk/11/06.md index 191db85b29..c7472be1ed 100644 --- a/luk/11/06.md +++ b/luk/11/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that the visitor has come far from his home. Alternate translation # anything to set before him "any food ready to give him" - diff --git a/luk/11/07.md b/luk/11/07.md index bcd0701f24..825e6a6f62 100644 --- a/luk/11/07.md +++ b/luk/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # give bread to you Bread is a food that people in Israel commonly ate. If people in your community do not know what bread is, you may translate it with a more general expression for food. Alternate translation: "give you some food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/08.md b/luk/11/08.md index afefa9d3a6..1986ff34b8 100644 --- a/luk/11/08.md +++ b/luk/11/08.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ Jesus was speaking to the disciples. The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # give bread to you ... give you as many loaves of bread + Bread is a food that people in Israel commonly ate. If people in your community do not know what bread is, you may translate it with a more general expression for food. Alternate translation: "give you some food ... give you as much food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) # give bread to you because you are ... your ... you ... you need @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus addresses the disciples as if they were the ones asking for bread. Alterna # because of your shameless persistence The phrase can be reworded to eliminate the abstract noun "persistence." Alternate translation: "because you persist shamelessly" or "because you boldly continue to ask him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/09.md b/luk/11/09.md index 49e5c92b0c..84acc4f783 100644 --- a/luk/11/09.md +++ b/luk/11/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To knock at a door is to hit it a few times to let a person inside the house kno # it will be opened to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will open the door for you" or "God will welcome you inside" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/10.md b/luk/11/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/11/10.md +++ b/luk/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/11/11.md b/luk/11/11.md index 1a88707beb..a9b4cc38c8 100644 --- a/luk/11/11.md +++ b/luk/11/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus finishes teaching his disciples about prayer. # Which father among you ... will ... a fish? Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. It could also be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "None of you fathers ... would ... a fish." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/12.md b/luk/11/12.md index 9ac5d2d60f..31361206dd 100644 --- a/luk/11/12.md +++ b/luk/11/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. It could also be written as a stat # scorpion A scorpion is similar to a spider, but it has a tail with a poisonous sting. If scorpions are not known where you are, you could translate this as "poisonous spider" or "spider that stings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/13.md b/luk/11/13.md index 7f3be8762c..dbdba67cdd 100644 --- a/luk/11/13.md +++ b/luk/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # how much more will ... give ... him? Jesus again uses a question to teach his disciples. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "you can be sure that ... will give ... him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/14.md b/luk/11/14.md index f970532f99..a7f7641591 100644 --- a/luk/11/14.md +++ b/luk/11/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It may be helpful to add extra information. Alternate translation: "When the dem # the man who had been mute spoke "the man who had been unable to speak now spoke" - diff --git a/luk/11/15.md b/luk/11/15.md index ee57373413..65b07d25af 100644 --- a/luk/11/15.md +++ b/luk/11/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is accused of using Satan's power to drive a demon out of a mute man. # Beelzebul another name for Satan - diff --git a/luk/11/16.md b/luk/11/16.md index 15650bbc8c..f227386188 100644 --- a/luk/11/16.md +++ b/luk/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and sought from him a sign from heaven "and asked him to give a sign from heaven" or "by demanding that he give a sign from heaven." This was how they wanted him to prove that his authority was from God. - diff --git a/luk/11/17.md b/luk/11/17.md index 230646fa83..de7031312c 100644 --- a/luk/11/17.md +++ b/luk/11/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "house" refers to a family. Alternate translation: "if family members fight # falls "crashes down and is destroyed." This image of the house collapsing refers to the destruction of a family when the members fight each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/18.md b/luk/11/18.md index 56bed7039a..1994d2cc26 100644 --- a/luk/11/18.md +++ b/luk/11/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to teach the people. This can be translated as a statement # For you say I cast out demons by Beelzebul "For you say that it is by the power of Beelzebul that I make demons leave people." The next part of his argument can be stated explicitly: Alternate translation: "For you say that it is by the power of Beelzebul that I make demons leave people. That would mean that Satan is divided against himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/19.md b/luk/11/19.md index 527cbaedf4..59b34d4559 100644 --- a/luk/11/19.md +++ b/luk/11/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they will be your judges "your followers who cast out demons by God's power will judge you for saying that I cast out demons by Beelzebul's power" - diff --git a/luk/11/20.md b/luk/11/20.md index e1721c2064..83ad7103c4 100644 --- a/luk/11/20.md +++ b/luk/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "finger of God" refers to God's power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-meton # then the kingdom of God has come to you "this shows that God's kingdom has come to you" - diff --git a/luk/11/21.md b/luk/11/21.md index 2935a5d729..2e69aed8a9 100644 --- a/luk/11/21.md +++ b/luk/11/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings of the word "palace" are 1) the entire premises of the "strong # his possessions are safe "no one can steal his things" - diff --git a/luk/11/22.md b/luk/11/22.md index 1b2cf4e115..1fa65375b9 100644 --- a/luk/11/22.md +++ b/luk/11/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The stronger man in the parable is a metaphor for Jesus, who is stronger than Sa # plunders the man's possessions "steals his possessions" or "takes away anything that he wants" - diff --git a/luk/11/23.md b/luk/11/23.md index 89748a92ea..c53abb3a40 100644 --- a/luk/11/23.md +++ b/luk/11/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to any person or any group of people. "Anyone who is not with me is # the one who does not gather with me scatters Jesus is referring to gathering disciples who follow him. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "anyone who does not cause people to come and follow me causes them to go away from me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/24.md b/luk/11/24.md index 0777f00ebc..a0afba3329 100644 --- a/luk/11/24.md +++ b/luk/11/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to "desolate places" where the evil spirits wander. # my house from which I came This refers to the person in which he used to live. Alternate translation: "the person in whom I used to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/25.md b/luk/11/25.md index 06a665bdce..258e67252a 100644 --- a/luk/11/25.md +++ b/luk/11/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # finds the house had been swept clean and put in order This metaphor speaks about the person as if he were a house that is swept clean, with things put in their places. It is implied that the house is still empty. This can be stated in active form with that information made explicit. Alternate translation: "finds that the person is like a house that someone has swept clean and organized by putting everything where it belongs, but has left empty" or "finds that the person is like a house that is clean and organized, but empty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]], [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]], and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/26.md b/luk/11/26.md index dd0a157086..af2ac1b3fe 100644 --- a/luk/11/26.md +++ b/luk/11/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # worse than the first The word "first" refers to the condition of the man while he had the unclean spirit before it left him. Alternate translation: "worse than his condition was before the spirit left" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/27.md b/luk/11/27.md index 2a880cf128..8212d215e0 100644 --- a/luk/11/27.md +++ b/luk/11/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom means "spoke loudly above the noise of the crowd" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # Blessed is the womb that bore you and the breasts that nursed you The parts of a woman's body are used to refer to the whole woman. Alternate translation: "How good it is for the woman who bore you and nursed you at her breasts" or "How happy the woman who bore you and nursed you at her breasts must be" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/28.md b/luk/11/28.md index 3991e04377..8714ea5a8b 100644 --- a/luk/11/28.md +++ b/luk/11/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # and keep it "and obey it" - diff --git a/luk/11/29.md b/luk/11/29.md index 7359400a8e..3c711aca91 100644 --- a/luk/11/29.md +++ b/luk/11/29.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not give it # the sign of Jonah "what happened to Jonah" or "the miracle that God did for Jonah" - diff --git a/luk/11/30.md b/luk/11/30.md index e7f356996c..e2017e7289 100644 --- a/luk/11/30.md +++ b/luk/11/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, will" # this generation "the people living today" - diff --git a/luk/11/31.md b/luk/11/31.md index 2a0ced83a2..4a6d1132a9 100644 --- a/luk/11/31.md +++ b/luk/11/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom means that she came from very far away. Alternate translation: "she c # someone greater than Solomon is here Jesus is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: "I, who am greater than Solomon, am here" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/32.md b/luk/11/32.md index 10870d9bbf..c0977a5cb6 100644 --- a/luk/11/32.md +++ b/luk/11/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This includes both men and woman. Alternate translation: "The people" (See: [[rc # someone greater than Jonah is here Jesus is speaking about himself. It may be helpful to explicitly state that they have not listened to him. Alternate translation: "even though I am greater than Jonah, you still have not repented" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/33.md b/luk/11/33.md index 48df15395b..e05c81a359 100644 --- a/luk/11/33.md +++ b/luk/11/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus begins a parable in which he speaks of his teaching as light that he wants # but on a lampstand The understood subject and verb in this clause may be supplied. Alternate translation: "but a person places it on a lampstand" or "but a person puts it on a table" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/34.md b/luk/11/34.md index 545ffb212e..0b5c17c4a4 100644 --- a/luk/11/34.md +++ b/luk/11/34.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here "eye" is a metonym for vision. Alternate translation: "When your vision is # your body is full of darkness "you will not be able to see anything" - diff --git a/luk/11/35.md b/luk/11/35.md index 346c011fb2..764d8f9c6d 100644 --- a/luk/11/35.md +++ b/luk/11/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues his parable, in which he speaks of his teaching as light that he # watch out that the light in you is not darkness "look carefully to make sure that what you think is light is not actually darkness" - diff --git a/luk/11/36.md b/luk/11/36.md index 7c10db1bfc..e474f965b4 100644 --- a/luk/11/36.md +++ b/luk/11/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus speaks of his teaching as light that he wants his disciples to obey and sh # then your whole body will be like when a lamp shines its brightness on you Jesus states the same truth he has just presented as a metaphor, but this time he uses a simile. He speaks of people who are full of truth as if they are a lamp that shines brightly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/37.md b/luk/11/37.md index c66a45073e..ca6eb09083 100644 --- a/luk/11/37.md +++ b/luk/11/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the Pharisee's house. # reclined It was the custom at a relaxed meal such as this dinner for men to eat while lying down comfortably around the table. You might want to translate using the word your language uses for the way people's bodies are when they eat. Alternate translation: "sat down at the table" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/38.md b/luk/11/38.md index 2876c3a6ff..fdc3a9639b 100644 --- a/luk/11/38.md +++ b/luk/11/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wash The Pharisees had a rule that people must wash their hands in order to be ceremonially clean before God. Alternate translation: "wash his hands" or "wash his hands in order to be ritually clean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/39.md b/luk/11/39.md index 57736f614e..4111fa8f73 100644 --- a/luk/11/39.md +++ b/luk/11/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Washing of the outside of containers was a part of the ritual practices of the P # but the inside of you is filled with robbery and evil This part of the metaphor contrasts the careful way they clean the outside of the dishes with the way they ignore their own internal condition. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/40.md b/luk/11/40.md index a6e3c2c5aa..b57553cd32 100644 --- a/luk/11/40.md +++ b/luk/11/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This expression can refer to men or women, even though all of the Pharisees to w # Did not the one who made the outside also make the inside? Jesus uses a question to rebuke the Pharisees for not understanding that what is in their hearts matters to God. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "The one who made the outside also made the inside!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/41.md b/luk/11/41.md index 26f8e432fc..5bb9885282 100644 --- a/luk/11/41.md +++ b/luk/11/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to what they should be doing with their cups and bowls. Alternate tr # all things will be clean for you "you will be completely clean" or "you will be clean both inside and outside" - diff --git a/luk/11/42.md b/luk/11/42.md index d4ff4ab6e1..56012c3cc8 100644 --- a/luk/11/42.md +++ b/luk/11/42.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "every other vegetable" 2) "every other garden herb" or # without failing to do the other things also "without failing" emphasizes that this should always be done. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "and to always do the other good things as well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/43.md b/luk/11/43.md index ea162ba436..e16497ca59 100644 --- a/luk/11/43.md +++ b/luk/11/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # respectful greetings "you like people to greet you with special honor" - diff --git a/luk/11/44.md b/luk/11/44.md index 919b614d74..8dd058d48d 100644 --- a/luk/11/44.md +++ b/luk/11/44.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These graves were holes dug in the ground where a dead body was buried. They did # without knowing it When the Jews walked over a grave, they would become ceremonially unclean. These unmarked graves caused them to accidentally do that. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "without realizing it and become ceremonially unclean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/45.md b/luk/11/45.md index 743996210a..a5a2514606 100644 --- a/luk/11/45.md +++ b/luk/11/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This introduces a new character into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writi # what you say insults us too Jesus's comments about the Pharisees also seemed to apply to the teachers of the Jewish laws. - diff --git a/luk/11/46.md b/luk/11/46.md index 96460b55c0..32a9ac8c0a 100644 --- a/luk/11/46.md +++ b/luk/11/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus makes it clear that he intended to condemn the actions of the teachers of # touch the burdens with one of your own fingers Possible meanings are 1) "do anything at all to help people carry those burdens" or 2) "make any effort to carry those burdens yourselves." - diff --git a/luk/11/47.md b/luk/11/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/11/47.md +++ b/luk/11/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/11/48.md b/luk/11/48.md index 696e39762e..7ca6be0ce9 100644 --- a/luk/11/48.md +++ b/luk/11/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So you are witnesses and you consent Jesus is rebuking the Pharisees and teachers of the law. They know about the murder of the prophets, but do not condemn their ancestors for killing them. Alternate translation: "So, rather than denouncing them, you confirm and agree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/49.md b/luk/11/49.md index 6ca5afb41e..cf355aec92 100644 --- a/luk/11/49.md +++ b/luk/11/49.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers back to the previous statement that the teachers of the law burdened # they will persecute and kill some of them "my people will persecute and kill some of the prophets and apostles." God had declared beforehand that the ancestors of the Jewish audience to whom Jesus was speaking would persecute and kill the prophets and apostles. - diff --git a/luk/11/50.md b/luk/11/50.md index 637ac8d379..7a5bcfad70 100644 --- a/luk/11/50.md +++ b/luk/11/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "blood ... shed" refers to the blood that was spilled when the prophets were # since the foundation of the world The author speaks of the world as if it were a building set on a foundation. Alternate translation: "since the creation of the world" or "since God created the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/51.md b/luk/11/51.md index fd30d493ed..b80cc91014 100644 --- a/luk/11/51.md +++ b/luk/11/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was probably the priest in the Old Testament who rebuked the people of Isra # who was killed This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the people killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/52.md b/luk/11/52.md index 27b3cece80..f16235c8e8 100644 --- a/luk/11/52.md +++ b/luk/11/52.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the key that opens the door to knowledge," in which ca # you do not enter in yourselves "you yourselves do not go in to get knowledge" - diff --git a/luk/11/53.md b/luk/11/53.md index 1841aaa993..623468e97f 100644 --- a/luk/11/53.md +++ b/luk/11/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the end of the part of the story where Jesus eats at the Pharisee's hous # argued with him about many things The scribes and Pharisees did not argue in order to defend their views, but to try to trap Jesus so they could accuse him of breaking the law of God. - diff --git a/luk/11/54.md b/luk/11/54.md index ddfb6d3e9f..c6a60ecccf 100644 --- a/luk/11/54.md +++ b/luk/11/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The scribes and Pharisees hoped Jesus would say something wrong so that they cou # lying in wait to catch him The writer speaks of the Pharisees as if they were thieves hiding by the side of a road waiting for someone to come by whom they could overpower and rob. In this case, they were waiting for Jesus to say something for which they could accuse him. Alternate translation: "waiting and hoping to accuse him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/11/intro.md b/luk/11/intro.md index 306d292432..133cc1686f 100644 --- a/luk/11/intro.md +++ b/luk/11/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,24 @@ # Luke 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines in 11:2-4 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are a special prayer. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The Lord's Prayer +### The Lord's Prayer When Jesus's followers asked him to teach them how to pray, he taught them this prayer. He did not expect them to use the same words every time they prayed, but he did want them to know what God wanted them to pray about. -#### Jonah +### Jonah Jonah was an Old Testament prophet who was sent to the Gentile city of Nineveh to tell them to repent. When he told them to repent, they repented. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -#### Light and darkness +### Light and darkness The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### Washing +### Washing The Pharisees would wash themselves and the things they ate with. They would even wash things that were not dirty. The law of Moses did not tell them to wash these things, but they would wash them anyway. This was because they thought that if they obeyed both the rules that God had made and some rules that God had not made, God would think that they were better people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) @@ -27,4 +27,3 @@ The Pharisees would wash themselves and the things they ate with. They would eve * __[Luke 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/12/01.md b/luk/12/01.md index 90cef945d0..be867349fc 100644 --- a/luk/12/01.md +++ b/luk/12/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is probably an exaggeration to emphasize that so many people were crowded c # Beware of the yeast of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy Just as yeast spreads through a whole lump of bread dough, their hypocrisy was spreading through the whole community. Alternate translation: "Guard yourself against the hypocrisy of the Pharisees, which is like yeast" or "Be careful that you do not become hypocrites like the Pharisees. Their evil behavior influences everyone just as yeast affects a lump of dough" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/02.md b/luk/12/02.md index 54ed2f3985..19dadd3019 100644 --- a/luk/12/02.md +++ b/luk/12/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "But" connects this verse to the previous verse about the hypocrisy of # nothing hidden that will not be known This means the same thing as the first part of the sentence in order to emphasize its truth. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will learn about everything that others try to hide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/03.md b/luk/12/03.md index b39daa0af1..a080a1b4d8 100644 --- a/luk/12/03.md +++ b/luk/12/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ whispered # upon the housetops Houses in Israel had flat roofs, so people could go up and stand on top of them. If readers would be distracted trying to imagine how people would get up on the house tops, this could also be translated with a more general expression, such as "from a high place so that everyone will be able to hear." - diff --git a/luk/12/04.md b/luk/12/04.md index b28616cd87..b9b8503de8 100644 --- a/luk/12/04.md +++ b/luk/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus readdresses his disciples to mark a shift in his speech to a new topic, in # they have no more that they can do "they cannot cause any more harm" - diff --git a/luk/12/05.md b/luk/12/05.md index c5e8205c33..7a4b3e030f 100644 --- a/luk/12/05.md +++ b/luk/12/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "the one" refers to God. This could be reworded. Alternate translatio # has authority to throw you into hell This is a general statement about God's authority to judge people. It does not mean this will happen to the disciples. Alternate translation: "has authority to throw people into hell" - diff --git a/luk/12/06.md b/luk/12/06.md index 307bf0269c..5a1ff64ac8 100644 --- a/luk/12/06.md +++ b/luk/12/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ very small, seed-eating birds # not one of them is forgotten in the sight of God This could be stated in active form and in positive form. Alternate translation: "God never forgets any of them" or "God indeed remembers every sparrow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/07.md b/luk/12/07.md index 4ffb3b2f7a..7583f87d22 100644 --- a/luk/12/07.md +++ b/luk/12/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The reason for the fear is not stated. Possible meanings are 1) "Do not be afrai # You are more valuable than many sparrows "You are worth more to God than many sparrows" - diff --git a/luk/12/08.md b/luk/12/08.md index 05a22d93df..fbfa7f2947 100644 --- a/luk/12/08.md +++ b/luk/12/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ What is confessed can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "whoever tells o # the Son of Man Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man" - diff --git a/luk/12/09.md b/luk/12/09.md index 08f5d4ec7a..d3f54d03d7 100644 --- a/luk/12/09.md +++ b/luk/12/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ where people can hear # will be denied "will be treated as though I do not know him" or "will be treated as if he is not my disciple" - diff --git a/luk/12/10.md b/luk/12/10.md index e35d23f7a2..df7baf8849 100644 --- a/luk/12/10.md +++ b/luk/12/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # but to him ... it will not be forgiven This can be expressed with an active verb. Alternate translation: "but he ... God will not forgive him" or "but he ... God will consider him guilty forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/11.md b/luk/12/11.md index 388e72863d..ebe4045e8c 100644 --- a/luk/12/11.md +++ b/luk/12/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is not stated who brings them into judgment. # rulers ... authorities It may be necessary to combine these into one statement. Alternate translation: "other people who have power in the country" - diff --git a/luk/12/12.md b/luk/12/12.md index 8df2c9338d..7bc89617cb 100644 --- a/luk/12/12.md +++ b/luk/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in that hour "at that time" or "then" - diff --git a/luk/12/13.md b/luk/12/13.md index 27850e6ad5..60301e4bb5 100644 --- a/luk/12/13.md +++ b/luk/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a break in Jesus's teachings. A man asks Jesus to do something and Jesus # divide the inheritance with me In that culture, inheritances came from the father, usually after the father had died. You may need to make explicit that the speaker's father had probably died. Alternate translation: "share my father's property with me now that our father is dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/14.md b/luk/12/14.md index 777753cb17..3ba8916f7b 100644 --- a/luk/12/14.md +++ b/luk/12/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to rebuke the man. Alternate translation: "no one appointe # you This word refers to the man and his brother and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/15.md b/luk/12/15.md index 9268de9994..6115beb54d 100644 --- a/luk/12/15.md +++ b/luk/12/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a general statement of fact. It does not refer to any specific person. S # the abundance of his possessions "how many things he owns" or "how much wealth he has" - diff --git a/luk/12/16.md b/luk/12/16.md index f937114350..1aaf2b3377 100644 --- a/luk/12/16.md +++ b/luk/12/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus was probably still speaking to the entire crowd. # yielded abundantly "grew a very good harvest" - diff --git a/luk/12/17.md b/luk/12/17.md index 55d51824c2..e147d3ace0 100644 --- a/luk/12/17.md +++ b/luk/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What will I do, because I do not have a place to store my crops? This question reflects what the man was thinking to himself. Alternate translation: "I do not know what to do, because I do not have any place big enough to store all my crops!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/18.md b/luk/12/18.md index 84cd33417d..2cb8b991a7 100644 --- a/luk/12/18.md +++ b/luk/12/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ buildings where farmers store the crops they have harvested # all of my grain and other goods "all of my grain and the other good things that I own" - diff --git a/luk/12/19.md b/luk/12/19.md index 2daec8128a..0190d3ad23 100644 --- a/luk/12/19.md +++ b/luk/12/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # many goods "many good things" or "many possessions" - diff --git a/luk/12/20.md b/luk/12/20.md index 1fbb607853..b2feb5ed58 100644 --- a/luk/12/20.md +++ b/luk/12/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "soul" refers to the life of a person. Alternate translation: "you will die # the things you have prepared, whose will they be? "who will own what you have stored up?" or "who will have what you prepared?" God uses a question to make the man realize that he would no longer possess those things. Alternate translation: "the things that you have prepared will belong to someone else!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/21.md b/luk/12/21.md index 61ba29bccf..8f4236b4d1 100644 --- a/luk/12/21.md +++ b/luk/12/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # is not rich toward God has not used his time and possessions for the things that are important to God - diff --git a/luk/12/22.md b/luk/12/22.md index 7a15d78733..c516f903de 100644 --- a/luk/12/22.md +++ b/luk/12/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus continues teaching his disciples in front of the crowd. # about your body, what you will wear "about your body and what you will wear" or "about having enough clothes to put on your body" - diff --git a/luk/12/23.md b/luk/12/23.md index 8da4e1a8dd..d406855b7b 100644 --- a/luk/12/23.md +++ b/luk/12/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a general statement of value. Alternate translation: "life is more impor # the body is more than clothes "your body is more important than the clothes you wear" - diff --git a/luk/12/24.md b/luk/12/24.md index a7453dec45..79cd93ea87 100644 --- a/luk/12/24.md +++ b/luk/12/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are places where food is stored. # How much more valuable you are than the birds! This is an exclamation, not a question. Jesus emphasizes the fact that people are much more valuable to God then birds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/25.md b/luk/12/25.md index 8142ffe1ef..9d4516db73 100644 --- a/luk/12/25.md +++ b/luk/12/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor because a cubit is a measure of length rather than of time. T # cubit the length from a man's elbow to the end of his fingers - diff --git a/luk/12/26.md b/luk/12/26.md index 18ff44123d..88b034f15d 100644 --- a/luk/12/26.md +++ b/luk/12/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If then you are not able to do such a very little thing, why do you worry about the rest? Jesus uses another question to teach his disciples. Alternate translation: "Since you cannot do even this small thing, you should not worry about the other things." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/27.md b/luk/12/27.md index 7967c6e92d..317b01bdab 100644 --- a/luk/12/27.md +++ b/luk/12/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The process of making thread or yard for cloth is called "spinning." It may be h # Solomon in all his glory was "Solomon, who had great wealth, was" or "Solomon, who wore beautiful clothes, was" - diff --git a/luk/12/28.md b/luk/12/28.md index 35ced5ca94..7600916553 100644 --- a/luk/12/28.md +++ b/luk/12/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone throws it int # how much more will he clothe you This is an exclamation, not a question. Jesus emphasizes that he will certainly take care of people even better than he does the grass. This could be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "he will certainly clothe you even better" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/29.md b/luk/12/29.md index d5499a0518..39d198f5cf 100644 --- a/luk/12/29.md +++ b/luk/12/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not seek what you will eat and what you will drink "Do not focus on what you will eat and drink" or "Do not greatly desire more to eat and drink" - diff --git a/luk/12/30.md b/luk/12/30.md index 5ad9ca3900..756c5ef362 100644 --- a/luk/12/30.md +++ b/luk/12/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "nations" refers to "unbelievers." Alternate translation: "all people of ot # your Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/31.md b/luk/12/31.md index 09d22bbeff..f363d78794 100644 --- a/luk/12/31.md +++ b/luk/12/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # these things will be added to you "these things also will be given to you." "These things" refers to food and clothing. This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will also give you these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/32.md b/luk/12/32.md index fb033c21de..02064148e2 100644 --- a/luk/12/32.md +++ b/luk/12/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is calling his disciples a flock. A flock is a group of sheep or goats tha # your Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/33.md b/luk/12/33.md index 66966a0ae8..6a425e2655 100644 --- a/luk/12/33.md +++ b/luk/12/33.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This is the result of giving to the poor. Alternate translation: "In this way yo # moth A "moth" is a small insect that eats holes in fabric. You may need to use a different insect, such as an ant or termite. - diff --git a/luk/12/34.md b/luk/12/34.md index 048f7287f4..97f6605258 100644 --- a/luk/12/34.md +++ b/luk/12/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your heart Here "heart" refers to a person's thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/35.md b/luk/12/35.md index 29de6dfed9..1afa8f0f97 100644 --- a/luk/12/35.md +++ b/luk/12/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words are a metaphor for being ready to do hard work. People in Jesus's cu # and your lamps lit This is a metaphor or metonym for staying awake at night and another metaphor for always being ready to work, even when it would otherwise be time to rest. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "keep your lamps burning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/36.md b/luk/12/36.md index a905091266..2d4b9294cd 100644 --- a/luk/12/36.md +++ b/luk/12/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If your language has a word for one person waiting and looking for someone he ex # open the door for him This refers to the door of the master's house. It was the responsibility of his servants to open it for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/37.md b/luk/12/37.md index 5b26deb362..8657e9babd 100644 --- a/luk/12/37.md +++ b/luk/12/37.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ Because the servants have been faithful and ready to serve their master, the mas # he will gird himself to serve -"he will tuck in his robe to serve." If people are not familiar with robes, this can also be translated in a more general way. Alternate translation: "he will dress himself to serve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) \ No newline at end of file +"he will tuck in his robe to serve." If people are not familiar with robes, this can also be translated in a more general way. Alternate translation: "he will dress himself to serve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) diff --git a/luk/12/38.md b/luk/12/38.md index a0b1e20111..ced9a85b1a 100644 --- a/luk/12/38.md +++ b/luk/12/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The second watch was between 9:00 p.m. and midnight. Alternate translation: "lat # or if even in the third watch The third watch was from midnight to 3:00 a.m. Alternate translation: "or if he comes very late at night" - diff --git a/luk/12/39.md b/luk/12/39.md index 65aff0de67..c9bbcd70af 100644 --- a/luk/12/39.md +++ b/luk/12/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he would not have let his house be broken into This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he would not have let the thief break into his house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/40.md b/luk/12/40.md index cf1a7a5594..c894cab82b 100644 --- a/luk/12/40.md +++ b/luk/12/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The similarity between a thief ([Luke 12:39](../12/39.md)) and the Son of Man is # the Son of Man is coming Jesus is talking about himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, am coming" - diff --git a/luk/12/41.md b/luk/12/41.md index 18afbc7f28..2f0cdac43c 100644 --- a/luk/12/41.md +++ b/luk/12/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Here there is a stop in the story as Peter asks Jesus a question about the previous parable. - diff --git a/luk/12/42.md b/luk/12/42.md index 201dbbc600..bd212e83e9 100644 --- a/luk/12/42.md +++ b/luk/12/42.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus tells another parable about how servants should be faithful while they wai # whom his lord will set over his other servants "whom his lord puts in charge of his other servants" - diff --git a/luk/12/43.md b/luk/12/43.md index 67d13a3373..5cd21c8bdb 100644 --- a/luk/12/43.md +++ b/luk/12/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # whom his lord finds doing that when he comes "if his lord finds him doing that work when he comes back" - diff --git a/luk/12/44.md b/luk/12/44.md index a911a5c976..c02095e737 100644 --- a/luk/12/44.md +++ b/luk/12/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This expression means they should pay special attention to what he is about to s # will set him over all his property "will put him in charge of all his property" - diff --git a/luk/12/45.md b/luk/12/45.md index add9d9a766..4c24fd9bfc 100644 --- a/luk/12/45.md +++ b/luk/12/45.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's mind or inner being. Alternate translat # male servants and female servants The words that are translated here as "male servants and female servants" are normally translated as "boys" and "girls." They may indicate that the servants were young or that they were dear to their master. If your language can shorten this phrase to "male and female servants," you may want to do so here. - diff --git a/luk/12/46.md b/luk/12/46.md index 85edeb97f7..a7b1e5f512 100644 --- a/luk/12/46.md +++ b/luk/12/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "day" and "hour" form a merism of time that refers to any time, and th # cut him in pieces and appoint a place for him with the unfaithful Possible meanings are 1) this is an exaggeration for the master dealing out harsh punishment toward the slave, or 2) this describes the manner in which the servant will be executed and buried as punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/47.md b/luk/12/47.md index d28eb1e1bf..6ce64a887a 100644 --- a/luk/12/47.md +++ b/luk/12/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "But as for the se # his lord's will ... according to his will "what his master wanted him to do ... it" - diff --git a/luk/12/48.md b/luk/12/48.md index 859a44dbbe..a6a13b0334 100644 --- a/luk/12/48.md +++ b/luk/12/48.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the master will ask e # the one who has been entrusted with much This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one to whom the master has given much property to take care of" or "the one to whom the master has given much responsibility" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/49.md b/luk/12/49.md index e59f0b14dd..d2b05795fb 100644 --- a/luk/12/49.md +++ b/luk/12/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues to teach his disciples. # how I wish that it were already kindled This exclamation emphasizes how much he wants this to happen. Alternate translation: "I wish very much that it was already lit" or "how I wish that it had already begun" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/50.md b/luk/12/50.md index db2a13b378..4c8f1b44ea 100644 --- a/luk/12/50.md +++ b/luk/12/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "but" is used to show that he cannot cast the fire on the earth until a # how I am distressed until it is completed This exclamation emphasizes how distressed he was. Alternate translation: "I am terribly distressed and will be so until I complete this baptism of suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/51.md b/luk/12/51.md index 785de41f56..5a390ac17f 100644 --- a/luk/12/51.md +++ b/luk/12/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus asks a question to let them know that he is going to correct their wrong u # division "hostility" or "discord" - diff --git a/luk/12/52.md b/luk/12/52.md index e6190cf2a7..2240ec7326 100644 --- a/luk/12/52.md +++ b/luk/12/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to state that this refers to people. Alternate translation: "t # against ... against "will oppose ... will oppose" - diff --git a/luk/12/53.md b/luk/12/53.md index 4dc4d03307..c262b6e062 100644 --- a/luk/12/53.md +++ b/luk/12/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # against "will oppose" - diff --git a/luk/12/54.md b/luk/12/54.md index 9a58b2d0bd..7e9e214b53 100644 --- a/luk/12/54.md +++ b/luk/12/54.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This condition normally meant rain was coming in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # A shower is coming "Rain is coming" or "It is going to rain" - diff --git a/luk/12/55.md b/luk/12/55.md index d343435a7a..1ec754c2bd 100644 --- a/luk/12/55.md +++ b/luk/12/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When a south wind is blowing This condition normally meant hot weather was coming in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/56.md b/luk/12/56.md index 351e41a8f6..fba26897a3 100644 --- a/luk/12/56.md +++ b/luk/12/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # how is it that you do not know how to interpret the present time? Jesus uses a question to rebuke the crowd. Jesus uses this question to convict them. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "you should know how to interpret the present time." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/12/57.md b/luk/12/57.md index add1d2af98..3cde0c3a78 100644 --- a/luk/12/57.md +++ b/luk/12/57.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to rebuke the crowd. It can be translated as a statement. # for yourselves "on your own initiative" - diff --git a/luk/12/58.md b/luk/12/58.md index d5327e6837..7895d0d08f 100644 --- a/luk/12/58.md +++ b/luk/12/58.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the magistrate, but the term here is more specific and threatenin # does not deliver you "does not take you" - diff --git a/luk/12/59.md b/luk/12/59.md index 9665a115f6..f114190e79 100644 --- a/luk/12/59.md +++ b/luk/12/59.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of the situations that begins in verse 58. # the very last bit of money "the entire amount of money that your adversary demands" - diff --git a/luk/12/intro.md b/luk/12/intro.md index f521924ce2..85f7976154 100644 --- a/luk/12/intro.md +++ b/luk/12/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Luke 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Blasphemy against the Spirit" +### "Blasphemy against the Spirit" No one knows for sure what actions people perform or what words they say when they commit this sin. However, they probably insult the Holy Spirit and his work. Part of the Holy Spirit's work is to make people understand that they are sinners and that they need to have God forgive them. Therefore, anyone who does not try to stop sinning is probably committing blasphemy against the Spirit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]) -#### Servants +### Servants God expects his people to remember that everything in the world belongs to God. God gives his people things so they can serve him. He wants them to please him by doing what he wants them to do with everything he has given them. One day Jesus will ask his servants what they have done with everything he gave them to use. He will give a reward to those who have done what he wanted them to do, and he will punish those who have not. -#### Division +### Division Jesus knew that those who did not choose to follow him would hate those who did choose to follow him. He also knew that most people love their families more than they love anyone else. So he wanted his followers to understand that following and pleasing him had to be more important to them than having their family love them ([Luke 12:51-56](./51.md)). -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 12;8](./08.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 12;8](./08.md * __[Luke 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/13/01.md b/luk/13/01.md index f2cf2b14e5..5a28798936 100644 --- a/luk/13/01.md +++ b/luk/13/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "blood" refers to the death of the Galileans. They were probably killed whi # whose blood Pilate mixed with their own sacrifices Pilate probably ordered his soldiers to kill people rather than doing it himself. Alternate translation: "whom Pilate's soldiers killed as they were sacrificing animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/02.md b/luk/13/02.md index f6651ec83e..b6a7634126 100644 --- a/luk/13/02.md +++ b/luk/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you think that these Galileans were more sinful ... way? "Were these Galileans more sinful ... way?" or "Does this prove that these Galileans were more sinful ... way?" Jesus uses this question to challenge the understanding of the people. He answers the question in verse 3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/03.md b/luk/13/03.md index 45a46087f7..3f7f3e7008 100644 --- a/luk/13/03.md +++ b/luk/13/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "I tell you" emphasizes "no." Alternate translation: "They certainly were n # perish die - diff --git a/luk/13/04.md b/luk/13/04.md index 354a290f45..bd875b83cb 100644 --- a/luk/13/04.md +++ b/luk/13/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The crowd assumed that they died in this terrible way because they were especial # other men "other people." The word here is the general term for a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/05.md b/luk/13/05.md index 502b2f6619..8dbc971ea9 100644 --- a/luk/13/05.md +++ b/luk/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus answers the question he asked in 13:4. Alternate translation: "They certai # perish die - diff --git a/luk/13/06.md b/luk/13/06.md index b25a8c2049..285f173c6e 100644 --- a/luk/13/06.md +++ b/luk/13/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The owner of a vineyard had another person plant a fig tree in the vineyard. # vineyard Possible meanings are 1) this was a garden where grapes were grown, or 2) this was a garden where fruit trees were grown. Alternate translation: "garden" or "orchard" - diff --git a/luk/13/07.md b/luk/13/07.md index 204e0ac358..72d3becbef 100644 --- a/luk/13/07.md +++ b/luk/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why let it waste the ground? The man uses a question to emphasize that the tree is useless and the gardener should cut it down. Alternate translation: "Do not let it waste the ground." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/08.md b/luk/13/08.md index 414d2f4703..dae7df1952 100644 --- a/luk/13/08.md +++ b/luk/13/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # put manure on it "put manure in the soil." Manure is animal dung. People put it in the ground to make the soil good for plants and trees. Alternate translation: "put fertilizer on it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/09.md b/luk/13/09.md index 5b72547513..c1217ed505 100644 --- a/luk/13/09.md +++ b/luk/13/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be helpful to state what will happen. Alternate translation: "If it has f # cut it down The servant was making a suggestion; he was not giving a command to the owner. Alternate translation: "tell me to cut it down" or "I will cut it down" - diff --git a/luk/13/10.md b/luk/13/10.md index ba55c22a51..9241628640 100644 --- a/luk/13/10.md +++ b/luk/13/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses this word to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ # during the Sabbath "on a Sabbath day." Some languages would say "a Sabbath" because we do not know which particular Sabbath day it was. - diff --git a/luk/13/11.md b/luk/13/11.md index afaef5b0bb..df18e68183 100644 --- a/luk/13/11.md +++ b/luk/13/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" here alerts us to a new person in the story. (See: [[rc://en/t # a spirit of weakness "an evil spirit that made her weak" - diff --git a/luk/13/12.md b/luk/13/12.md index 51ca1c631c..f7450c2cd7 100644 --- a/luk/13/12.md +++ b/luk/13/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Woman, you are freed from your weakness By saying this, Jesus healed her. This can be expressed with a sentence that shows that he was causing it to happen, or by a command. Alternate translation: "Woman, I now free you from your weakness" or "Woman, be freed from your weakness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-declarative]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/13.md b/luk/13/13.md index 45cd68c0b6..ae740bf287 100644 --- a/luk/13/13.md +++ b/luk/13/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # she was made straight again This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "she was able to stand up straight again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/14.md b/luk/13/14.md index 9d33dde7e9..6ddfea0e5a 100644 --- a/luk/13/14.md +++ b/luk/13/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "let someone heal yo # on the Sabbath day "on a Sabbath day." Some languages would say "a Sabbath" because we do not know which particular Sabbath day it was. - diff --git a/luk/13/15.md b/luk/13/15.md index d05e3ff34d..a0fe8b50bc 100644 --- a/luk/13/15.md +++ b/luk/13/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are animals that people care for by giving them water. # on the Sabbath "on a Sabbath." Some languages would say "a Sabbath" because we do not know which particular Sabbath day it was. - diff --git a/luk/13/16.md b/luk/13/16.md index a96796cccb..5bb4e0ea5f 100644 --- a/luk/13/16.md +++ b/luk/13/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus compares people tying animals to the way Satan restricted the woman with t # should her bonds not be untied ... day? Jesus uses a question to tell the synagogue rulers that they are wrong. Jesus speaks about the women's disease as if it were ropes that bound her. This can be translated as an active statement. Alternate translation: "it is right to release her from the bonds of this illness ... day." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/17.md b/luk/13/17.md index 8d27785102..134cd99dda 100644 --- a/luk/13/17.md +++ b/luk/13/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the glorious things he did "the glorious things Jesus was doing" - diff --git a/luk/13/18.md b/luk/13/18.md index 2ee3153842..b65554b571 100644 --- a/luk/13/18.md +++ b/luk/13/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses two questions to introduce what he is about to teach. Alternate trans # what can I compare it to? This is basically the same as the previous question. Some languages can use both questions, and some would use only one. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/19.md b/luk/13/19.md index 114d538b1f..1b67bd230c 100644 --- a/luk/13/19.md +++ b/luk/13/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "big" is an exaggeration that contrasts the tree with the tiny seed. Al # birds of heaven "birds of the sky." Alternate translation: "birds that fly in the sky" or "birds" - diff --git a/luk/13/20.md b/luk/13/20.md index 89b26285e1..fbef00fae0 100644 --- a/luk/13/20.md +++ b/luk/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # To what can I compare the kingdom of God? Jesus uses another question to introduce what he is about to teach. Alternate translation: "I will tell you another thing to which I can compare to the kingdom of God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/21.md b/luk/13/21.md index c3d6ec7e19..84a7817315 100644 --- a/luk/13/21.md +++ b/luk/13/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Only a little bit of yeast is needed to make a lot of dough rise. This can be ma # three measures of flour This is a large amount of flour, since each measure was about 13 liters. You may need to use a term that your culture uses to measure flour. Alternate translation: "a large amount of flour" - diff --git a/luk/13/22.md b/luk/13/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/13/22.md +++ b/luk/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/13/23.md b/luk/13/23.md index 84d513d91a..e42c934b0c 100644 --- a/luk/13/23.md +++ b/luk/13/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are only a few people to be saved? This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will God save only a few people?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/24.md b/luk/13/24.md index 002f45dda5..8ec4643a32 100644 --- a/luk/13/24.md +++ b/luk/13/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The fact that the door is narrow implies that it is difficult to go through it. # many will try to enter, but will not be able to enter It is implied that they will not be able to enter because of the difficulty of entering. The next verse explains the difficulty. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/25.md b/luk/13/25.md index 9df8016aed..62b3c7e141 100644 --- a/luk/13/25.md +++ b/luk/13/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus was talking to a crowd. The form of "you" is plural. He is addressing them # pound the door "hit on the door." This is an attempt to gain the owner's attention. - diff --git a/luk/13/26.md b/luk/13/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/13/26.md +++ b/luk/13/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/13/27.md b/luk/13/27.md index eedb02dcb6..8e4f68123f 100644 --- a/luk/13/27.md +++ b/luk/13/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Get away from me "Go away from me" - diff --git a/luk/13/28.md b/luk/13/28.md index 991df07f08..7405bc1139 100644 --- a/luk/13/28.md +++ b/luk/13/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues to speak to the crowd as if they will not enter into the kingdom # but you are thrown out "but you yourselves will have been thrown outside." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but God will have forced you outside" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/29.md b/luk/13/29.md index 34dc484aef..16a9add32d 100644 --- a/luk/13/29.md +++ b/luk/13/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means "from every direction." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) # be seated at a table in the kingdom of God It was common to speak of the joy in God's kingdom as a feast. Alternate translation: "they will feast in the kingdom of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/30.md b/luk/13/30.md index c6fc0a5dcf..6b1833097c 100644 --- a/luk/13/30.md +++ b/luk/13/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues to talk about entering into God's kingdom. This is the end of th # will be first ... will be last Being first represents being important or honored. Alternate translation: "will be the most important ... will be the least important" or "God will honor ... God will shame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/31.md b/luk/13/31.md index af048b6ff3..c42f8a1b79 100644 --- a/luk/13/31.md +++ b/luk/13/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate this as a warning to Jesus. They were advising him to go somewhere els # Herod wants to kill you Herod would order people to kill Jesus. Alternate translation: "Herod wants to send his men to kill you" - diff --git a/luk/13/32.md b/luk/13/32.md index 58397b70f5..c4a6738f2f 100644 --- a/luk/13/32.md +++ b/luk/13/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that fox Jesus was calling Herod a fox. A fox is a small wild dog. Possible meanings are 1) Herod was not much of a threat at all 2) Herod was deceptive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/33.md b/luk/13/33.md index 4d3feaf105..5527d5e57f 100644 --- a/luk/13/33.md +++ b/luk/13/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Jewish leaders claimed to serve God and that Jerusalem was their holy city, # to be destroyed "to be killed" - diff --git a/luk/13/34.md b/luk/13/34.md index 6b1c439db9..3fb4ed055e 100644 --- a/luk/13/34.md +++ b/luk/13/34.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The people of Jerusalem are described as her "children." Alternate translation: # the way a hen gathers her brood under her wings This describes how a hen protects her young from harm by covering them with her wings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/35.md b/luk/13/35.md index 5db6ac3afe..b19b2547b4 100644 --- a/luk/13/35.md +++ b/luk/13/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a prophecy about something that would happen soon. It means that God has # the name of the Lord Here "name" refers to the Lord's power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/13/intro.md b/luk/13/intro.md index 1c592d9928..58a274402e 100644 --- a/luk/13/intro.md +++ b/luk/13/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Luke 13 General Notes -### Possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Unknown events +### Unknown events The people and Jesus speak about two events that they knew about but about which no one today knows anything except what Luke has written ([Luke 13:1-5](./01.md)). Your translation should tell only what Luke tells. -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in this chapter: "those who are least important will be first, and those who are most important will be last" ([Luke 13:30](../../luk/13/30.md)). @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A p * __[Luke 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/14/01.md b/luk/14/01.md index efe84c2b18..3f9b106914 100644 --- a/luk/14/01.md +++ b/luk/14/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This indicates a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) # watching him closely They wanted to see if they could accuse him of doing anything wrong. - diff --git a/luk/14/02.md b/luk/14/02.md index 9f48f4806e..69d9c73138 100644 --- a/luk/14/02.md +++ b/luk/14/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have # was suffering from edema Edema is swelling caused by water building up in parts of the body. Some languages may have a name for this condition. Alternate translation: "was suffering because parts of his body were swollen with water" - diff --git a/luk/14/03.md b/luk/14/03.md index abe2c77a6c..29ea5e4fcf 100644 --- a/luk/14/03.md +++ b/luk/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath, or not "Does the law permit us to heal on the Sabbath, or does it forbid it" - diff --git a/luk/14/04.md b/luk/14/04.md index b120b27e71..127042b258 100644 --- a/luk/14/04.md +++ b/luk/14/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The religious leaders refused to answer Jesus's question. # So Jesus took hold of him "So Jesus took hold of the man who suffered from edema" - diff --git a/luk/14/05.md b/luk/14/05.md index 5f213f5317..e99330f2a7 100644 --- a/luk/14/05.md +++ b/luk/14/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Which of you who has a son or an ox ... will not immediately pull him out? Jesus uses a question because he wanted them to admit that they would help their son or ox, even on the Sabbath. Therefore, it was right for him to heal people even on the Sabbath. Alternate translation: "If one of you has a son or an ox ... you would surely pull him out immediately." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/06.md b/luk/14/06.md index 7b5173f9c4..b66c876fd1 100644 --- a/luk/14/06.md +++ b/luk/14/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They were not able to give an answer They knew the answer and that Jesus was right, but they did not want to admit that he was correct. Alternate translation: "They had nothing to say" - diff --git a/luk/14/07.md b/luk/14/07.md index 125c1ff182..2b82400f3a 100644 --- a/luk/14/07.md +++ b/luk/14/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be helpful to identify these people, and to state this in active form. Al # the seats of honor "the seats for honored people" or "the seats for important people" - diff --git a/luk/14/08.md b/luk/14/08.md index 08869724cb..e89468cd4a 100644 --- a/luk/14/08.md +++ b/luk/14/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These occurrences of "you" are singular. Jesus is speaking to the group as if to # because someone may have been invited who is more honored than you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because the host may have invited a person who is more important than you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/09.md b/luk/14/09.md index 39522ead51..0402ba91e8 100644 --- a/luk/14/09.md +++ b/luk/14/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This occurrence of "you" refers to the two people who want the same seat of hono # the lowest place "the least important place" or "the place for the least important person" - diff --git a/luk/14/10.md b/luk/14/10.md index 07a3123d47..dfa2b662b3 100644 --- a/luk/14/10.md +++ b/luk/14/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when someone invites # Then you will be honored This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then the one who invited you will honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/11.md b/luk/14/11.md index b41f6ce930..c8cc132ff5 100644 --- a/luk/14/11.md +++ b/luk/14/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # will be exalted "will be shown to be important" or "will be given an important position." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will exalt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/12.md b/luk/14/12.md index d2a26bff8a..7819e9707f 100644 --- a/luk/14/12.md +++ b/luk/14/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This probably does not mean they can never invite these people. More likely it m # you will be repaid This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "in this way they will repay you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/13.md b/luk/14/13.md index 46e262692e..25a83a20ae 100644 --- a/luk/14/13.md +++ b/luk/14/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to the Pharisee who had invited him to his home. # invite the poor It may be helpful to add "also" since this statement is probably not exclusive. Alternate translation: "also invite the poor" - diff --git a/luk/14/14.md b/luk/14/14.md index def39580eb..fdcca66d99 100644 --- a/luk/14/14.md +++ b/luk/14/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will repay you" ( # in the resurrection of the just This refers to the final judgment. Alternate translation: "when God brings the righteous people back to life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/15.md b/luk/14/15.md index e4b28afae6..eec9da099b 100644 --- a/luk/14/15.md +++ b/luk/14/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The man was not talking about a specific person. Alternate translation: "Blessed # he who will eat bread The word "bread" is used to refer to the whole meal. Alternate translation: "he who will eat at the meal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/16.md b/luk/14/16.md index 1220cd72a8..1e3646e523 100644 --- a/luk/14/16.md +++ b/luk/14/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase is a way of referring to the man without giving any specific informa # invited many "invited many people" or "invited many guests" - diff --git a/luk/14/17.md b/luk/14/17.md index 9d24a906ce..5d3e411a2b 100644 --- a/luk/14/17.md +++ b/luk/14/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # those who were invited This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those he had invited" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/18.md b/luk/14/18.md index 7db71307c0..db1465a863 100644 --- a/luk/14/18.md +++ b/luk/14/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The reader should be able to infer that these people spoke directly to the serva # Please excuse me "Please forgive me" or "Please accept my apology" - diff --git a/luk/14/19.md b/luk/14/19.md index ecbbfc4bba..76a4ee6f1f 100644 --- a/luk/14/19.md +++ b/luk/14/19.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ Oxen were used in pairs to pull farming tools. Alternate translation: "10 oxen t # I am going to try them out -He wanted to use the oxen and see how well they worked together pulling farm tools. \ No newline at end of file +He wanted to use the oxen and see how well they worked together pulling farm tools. diff --git a/luk/14/20.md b/luk/14/20.md index c7cb82efed..d9229d522f 100644 --- a/luk/14/20.md +++ b/luk/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The reader should be able to infer that these people spoke directly to the serva # married a wife Use an expression that is natural in your language. Some languages may say "gotten married" or "taken a wife." - diff --git a/luk/14/21.md b/luk/14/21.md index 0ccf2601bf..8a10d8df6e 100644 --- a/luk/14/21.md +++ b/luk/14/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bring in here "invite in here to eat the dinner" - diff --git a/luk/14/22.md b/luk/14/22.md index abaecbb1a8..8ffd495f4d 100644 --- a/luk/14/22.md +++ b/luk/14/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be necessary to state clearly the implied information that the servant di # what you commanded has been done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have done what you commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/23.md b/luk/14/23.md index e221a5b628..d627c8bdf9 100644 --- a/luk/14/23.md +++ b/luk/14/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "them" refers to anyone the servants find. "compel anyone you find to c # that my house may be filled "so that people may fill my house" - diff --git a/luk/14/24.md b/luk/14/24.md index ea5ab59b4f..842589d4d4 100644 --- a/luk/14/24.md +++ b/luk/14/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom I invited" (See: # will taste my dinner "will enjoy the dinner I have prepared" - diff --git a/luk/14/25.md b/luk/14/25.md index 445ed50370..04c89ce1e6 100644 --- a/luk/14/25.md +++ b/luk/14/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jesus begins to teach the crowds that were traveling with him. - diff --git a/luk/14/26.md b/luk/14/26.md index 3c252ccef8..ea1498d081 100644 --- a/luk/14/26.md +++ b/luk/14/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father ... he cannot be my disciple Here, "hate" is an exaggeration for the lesser love people are to show to people other than Jesus. Alternate translation: "If anyone comes to me and does not love me more than he loves his father ... he cannot be my disciple" or "Only if a person loves me more than he loves his own father ... can he be my disciple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/27.md b/luk/14/27.md index cc5f65c09d..197c17a0d8 100644 --- a/luk/14/27.md +++ b/luk/14/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This could be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Only he who carri # carry his own cross Jesus does not mean every Christian must be crucified. The Romans often made people carry their own crosses before they crucified them as a sign of their submission to Rome. This metaphor means they must submit to God and be willing to suffer in any way to be Jesus's disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/28.md b/luk/14/28.md index 0b33a3f5fc..b387503436 100644 --- a/luk/14/28.md +++ b/luk/14/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to prove that people count the cost of a project before # tower This may have been a watchtower. "a tall building" or "a high lookout platform" - diff --git a/luk/14/29.md b/luk/14/29.md index 221ecf92ad..cd07d01f89 100644 --- a/luk/14/29.md +++ b/luk/14/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be helpful to give more information. Alternate translation: "If he does n # is not able to finish It is understood that he was not able to finish because he did not have enough money. This could be stated. Alternate translation: "does not have enough money to be able to finish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/30.md b/luk/14/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/14/30.md +++ b/luk/14/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/14/31.md b/luk/14/31.md index cc9ab60bb4..123d71cec9 100644 --- a/luk/14/31.md +++ b/luk/14/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "think carefully " or 2) "listen to his advisors." # ten thousand ... twenty thousand "10,000 ... 20,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/32.md b/luk/14/32.md index edf82b6dae..7fe2578828 100644 --- a/luk/14/32.md +++ b/luk/14/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to restate the information given in the previous verse. Altern # conditions of peace "terms to end the war" or "what the other king wants him to do in order to end the war" - diff --git a/luk/14/33.md b/luk/14/33.md index e1d217059b..116d3adca2 100644 --- a/luk/14/33.md +++ b/luk/14/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated with positive verbs. Alternate translation: "only those of yo # give up all his possessions "leave behind all that he has" - diff --git a/luk/14/34.md b/luk/14/34.md index d929a0738e..fa5a3ba27c 100644 --- a/luk/14/34.md +++ b/luk/14/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # how can it be made salty again? Jesus uses a question to teach the crowd. Alternate translation: "it cannot be made salty again." or "no one can make it salty again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/35.md b/luk/14/35.md index 0b32bb43f3..aefc0068b9 100644 --- a/luk/14/35.md +++ b/luk/14/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # He who ... let him Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated this phrase in [Luke 8:8](../08/08.md). Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/luk/14/intro.md b/luk/14/intro.md index 3255a87aa3..778772a3b5 100644 --- a/luk/14/intro.md +++ b/luk/14/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Luke 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Verse 3 says, "Jesus asked the experts in the Jewish law and the Pharisees, 'Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath, or not?'" Many times, the Pharisees got angry with Jesus for healing on the Sabbath. In this passage, Jesus dumbfounds the Pharisees. It was normally the Pharisees who tried to trap Jesus. -#### Changes of subject +### Changes of subject Many times in this chapter Luke changes from one subject to another without marking the changes. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Parable +### Parable Jesus told the parable in [Luke 14:15-24](./15.md) to teach that the kingdom of God will be something that everyone can enjoy. But people will refuse to be part of it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in this chapter: "for everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted" ([Luke 14:11](../../luk/14/11.md)). @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A p * __[Luke 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/15/01.md b/luk/15/01.md index 50761d300b..8c633c687d 100644 --- a/luk/15/01.md +++ b/luk/15/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This marks the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newe # all the tax collectors This is an exaggeration to stress that there were very many of them. Alternate translation: "many tax collectors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/02.md b/luk/15/02.md index f9ef0402bc..2ee9515f5b 100644 --- a/luk/15/02.md +++ b/luk/15/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They were talking about Jesus. # even eats with them The word "even" shows that they thought it was bad enough that Jesus allowed sinners to come to him, but it was worse that he would eat with them. - diff --git a/luk/15/03.md b/luk/15/03.md index 6bd5354f86..8dc9035684 100644 --- a/luk/15/03.md +++ b/luk/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to tell several parables. These parables are situations about thing # to them Here "them" refers to the religious leaders. - diff --git a/luk/15/04.md b/luk/15/04.md index 95c433d122..b911ae7b9c 100644 --- a/luk/15/04.md +++ b/luk/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since the parable starts with "Which one of you," some languages would continue # hundred ... ninety-nine "100 ... 99" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/05.md b/luk/15/05.md index 794b230304..d2378e50ce 100644 --- a/luk/15/05.md +++ b/luk/15/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Since the parable starts in the previous verse with "Which one of you," some lan # lays it across his shoulders This is the way a shepherd carries a sheep. This could be stated. Alternate translation: "lays it across his shoulders to carry it home" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/06.md b/luk/15/06.md index 185164ee3a..d180501a1e 100644 --- a/luk/15/06.md +++ b/luk/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Since the parable starts in the verse 4 with "Which one of you," some languages # When he comes to the house "When the owner of the sheep comes home" or "When you come home." Refer to the owner of the sheep as you did in the previous verse. - diff --git a/luk/15/07.md b/luk/15/07.md index f80236755b..fbf77c3ad1 100644 --- a/luk/15/07.md +++ b/luk/15/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses sarcasm to say that the Pharisees were wrong to think that they did n # ninety-nine "99" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/08.md b/luk/15/08.md index ea1459ec5f..c2845239c5 100644 --- a/luk/15/08.md +++ b/luk/15/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins telling another parable. It is about a woman with 10 sliver coins. # Or what woman ... would not light a lamp ... and seek diligently until she has found it? Jesus uses a question to remind the people that if they lost a silver coin, they would certainly look for it diligently. Alternate translation: "Any woman ... would certainly light a lamp ... and seek diligently until she has found it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/09.md b/luk/15/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/15/09.md +++ b/luk/15/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/15/10.md b/luk/15/10.md index fc786e0755..0be5c324a7 100644 --- a/luk/15/10.md +++ b/luk/15/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # over one sinner who repents "when one sinner repents" - diff --git a/luk/15/11.md b/luk/15/11.md index f27c782076..2e2e8a2737 100644 --- a/luk/15/11.md +++ b/luk/15/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins telling another parable. It is about a young man who asks his fathe # A certain man This introduces a new character in the parable. Some languages might say "There was a man who" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/12.md b/luk/15/12.md index b25e4eb2a4..7ebfddb108 100644 --- a/luk/15/12.md +++ b/luk/15/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The son wanted his father to give it to him immediately. Languages that have a c # between them "between his two sons" - diff --git a/luk/15/13.md b/luk/15/13.md index c1c197e6f0..b8f601ba1d 100644 --- a/luk/15/13.md +++ b/luk/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # living recklessly "living without thinking about the consequences of his actions" or "living wildly" - diff --git a/luk/15/14.md b/luk/15/14.md index e145074c3a..48cae14d3e 100644 --- a/luk/15/14.md +++ b/luk/15/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here Jesus explains how # to be in need "to lack what he needed" or "to not have enough" - diff --git a/luk/15/15.md b/luk/15/15.md index 8af223de1e..8293172034 100644 --- a/luk/15/15.md +++ b/luk/15/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "he" refers to the younger son. # to feed pigs "to give food to the man's pigs" - diff --git a/luk/15/16.md b/luk/15/16.md index 078076365b..5eb847685b 100644 --- a/luk/15/16.md +++ b/luk/15/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # carob pods These are the husks of beans that grow on the carob tree. Alternate translation: "carob bean pods" or "bean husks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/17.md b/luk/15/17.md index 0dbd6730b2..8a3f6d5a1e 100644 --- a/luk/15/17.md +++ b/luk/15/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is probably not an exaggeration. Jesus may have meant that the young man in # perishing "dying" or "being destroyed" - diff --git a/luk/15/18.md b/luk/15/18.md index 0a145b953d..6959da5621 100644 --- a/luk/15/18.md +++ b/luk/15/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means he will begin to act. It does not mean that he was s # I have sinned against heaven Jewish people sometimes avoided saying the word "God" and used the word "heaven" instead. Alternate translation: "I have sinned against God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/19.md b/luk/15/19.md index 666568d1c6..873de2ff82 100644 --- a/luk/15/19.md +++ b/luk/15/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # make me as one of your hired servants "hire me as an employee" or "hire me and I will become one of your servants." This is a request, not a command. It may be helpful to add "please" as the UDB does. - diff --git a/luk/15/20.md b/luk/15/20.md index 0857f92ca9..7bbe40e889 100644 --- a/luk/15/20.md +++ b/luk/15/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom that means he began to act. It does not mean that he had been s # embraced him and kissed him The father did this to show his son that he loved him and was glad that the son was coming home. If people think that it is strange or wrong for a man to embrace or hug and kiss his son, you can substitute a way that men in your culture show affection to their sons. Alternate translation: "welcomed him affectionately" - diff --git a/luk/15/21.md b/luk/15/21.md index 72c9097e11..626153cb86 100644 --- a/luk/15/21.md +++ b/luk/15/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jewish people sometimes avoided saying the word "God" and used the word "heaven" # I am no longer worthy to be called your son This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Luke 15:18](../15/18.md). Alternate translation: "I am not worthy for you to call me your son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/22.md b/luk/15/22.md index 743b0448ec..a3ea72d16a 100644 --- a/luk/15/22.md +++ b/luk/15/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A ring was a sign of authority that men wore on one of their fingers. # sandals Wealthy people of that time wore sandals. However, in many cultures the modern equivalent would be "shoes." - diff --git a/luk/15/23.md b/luk/15/23.md index 21c7e02d91..907301e6cc 100644 --- a/luk/15/23.md +++ b/luk/15/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A calf is a young cow. People would give one of their calves special food so tha # kill it The implied information that they were to cook the meat can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "kill it and cook it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/24.md b/luk/15/24.md index f67c161e48..c012fd33a4 100644 --- a/luk/15/24.md +++ b/luk/15/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor speaks of the son being gone as if he were dead. Alternate transla # He was lost, and now he is found This metaphor speaks of the son being gone as if he had been lost. Alternate translation: "It is as if I had lost my son and now I have found him" or "My son went to where I could not bring him back, but now he has returned home" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/25.md b/luk/15/25.md index 1ee98a1ad2..3dd392c2d9 100644 --- a/luk/15/25.md +++ b/luk/15/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here Jesus starts to te # out in the field It is implied that he was out in the field because he was working there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/26.md b/luk/15/26.md index 19d4083761..a707617b5a 100644 --- a/luk/15/26.md +++ b/luk/15/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word that is translated here as "servant" is normally translated as "boy." I # what these things might be "what was happening" - diff --git a/luk/15/27.md b/luk/15/27.md index b15d5cad5c..62fa672cd7 100644 --- a/luk/15/27.md +++ b/luk/15/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A calf is a young cow. People would give one of their calves special food so tha # he has received him in good health "your father has received your brother, and your brother is healthy" or "your brother is well and has returned to your father" - diff --git a/luk/15/28.md b/luk/15/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/15/28.md +++ b/luk/15/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/15/29.md b/luk/15/29.md index d4263c954e..be04292463 100644 --- a/luk/15/29.md +++ b/luk/15/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # a young goat A young goat was smaller and less expensive than a fatted calf. Alternate translation: "even a young goat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/30.md b/luk/15/30.md index 1fc182a3c1..759370cf58 100644 --- a/luk/15/30.md +++ b/luk/15/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) he assumed this is how his brother spent the money or 2 # fattened calf A calf is a young cow. People would give one of their calves special food so that it would grow well, and then when they wanted to have a special feast, they would eat that calf. See how you translated this phrase in [Luke 15:23](../15/23.md). Alternate translation: "the best calf" or "the young animal we have been making fat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/31.md b/luk/15/31.md index c93521dd55..e629bf1460 100644 --- a/luk/15/31.md +++ b/luk/15/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "him" refers to the older son. # Child "My dear child" or "My dear son." The father was addressing his son tenderly. - diff --git a/luk/15/32.md b/luk/15/32.md index fbdbcd6e44..e250c02c0f 100644 --- a/luk/15/32.md +++ b/luk/15/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor speaks of the brother being gone as if he were dead. See how you t # he was lost, and has now been found This metaphor speaks of the son being gone as if he had been lost. See how you translated this phrase in [Luke 15:24](../15/24.md). Alternate translation: "it is as if I had lost him and now I have found him" or "my son went to where I could not bring him back, but now he has returned home" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/15/intro.md b/luk/15/intro.md index e42d94b00f..d7ae93a1d0 100644 --- a/luk/15/intro.md +++ b/luk/15/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Luke 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### The parable of the prodigal son +### The parable of the prodigal son [Luke 15:11-32](./11.md) is the parable of the prodigal son. Most people think that the father in the story represents God (the Father), the sinful younger son represents those who repent and come to faith in Jesus, and the self-righteous older son represents the Pharisees. In the story the older son becomes angry at the father because the father has forgiven the younger son's sins, and he will not go into the party the father has thrown because the younger son has repented. Jesus includes the part of the story about the older brother because he knows that the Pharisees want God to think only they are good and to not forgive other people's sins. He is teaching them that they will never be part of God's kingdom because they think that way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Sinners +### Sinners When the people of Jesus's time spoke of "sinners," they were talking about people who did not obey the law of Moses and instead committed sins like stealing or sexual sins. But Jesus told three parables ([Luke 15:4-7](./04.md), [Luke 15:8-10](./08.md), and [Luke 15:11-32](./11.md)) to teach that the people who believe they are sinners and who repent are the people who truly please God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ When the people of Jesus's time spoke of "sinners," they were talking about peop * __[Luke 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/16/01.md b/luk/16/01.md index a6b7f24a86..fe02e953bc 100644 --- a/luk/16/01.md +++ b/luk/16/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people reported to th # wasting his possessions "foolishly managing the rich man's wealth" - diff --git a/luk/16/02.md b/luk/16/02.md index b932abe3d8..cbd78d3f8b 100644 --- a/luk/16/02.md +++ b/luk/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The rich man uses a question to scold the manager. Alternate translation: "I hav # Give an account of your management "Set your records in order to pass on to someone else" or "Prepare the records you have written about my money" - diff --git a/luk/16/03.md b/luk/16/03.md index a3b1601118..f6c4341e40 100644 --- a/luk/16/03.md +++ b/luk/16/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the wealthy man. The manager was not a slave. Alternate translati # I do not have strength to dig "I am not strong enough to dig the ground" or "I am not able to dig" - diff --git a/luk/16/04.md b/luk/16/04.md index 0c9cbd9c03..3254949bef 100644 --- a/luk/16/04.md +++ b/luk/16/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when I lose my manage # people will welcome me into their houses This implies that those people will provide a job, or other things that he needs to live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/16/05.md b/luk/16/05.md index b9a5ccc861..8c3fcae5b7 100644 --- a/luk/16/05.md +++ b/luk/16/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his master's debtors "the people who were in debt to his master" or "the people who owed things to his master." In this story the debtors owed olive oil and wheat. - diff --git a/luk/16/06.md b/luk/16/06.md index 19aa9eb3fe..06cd701e72 100644 --- a/luk/16/06.md +++ b/luk/16/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A bath is about 22 liters. Alternate translation: "I owe 2,200 liters of olive o # Take your bill A "bill" is a piece of paper that tells how much someone owes. - diff --git a/luk/16/07.md b/luk/16/07.md index 143937560e..0f31478ce7 100644 --- a/luk/16/07.md +++ b/luk/16/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A cor is about 220 liters. You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate t # eighty "80" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/luk/16/08.md b/luk/16/08.md index ebfada6aae..776d642a6a 100644 --- a/luk/16/08.md +++ b/luk/16/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to those who, like the unrighteous manager, do not know or care abou # the sons of light Here "light" is a metaphor for everything godly. Alternate translation: "the people of God" or "godly people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/16/09.md b/luk/16/09.md index 8e6e497b17..bb0acb7b7a 100644 --- a/luk/16/09.md +++ b/luk/16/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the friends you helped with your money may welcome" or # eternal dwellings This refers to heaven, where God lives. - diff --git a/luk/16/10.md b/luk/16/10.md index 08e3ebdb13..5bc6c8585e 100644 --- a/luk/16/10.md +++ b/luk/16/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # unrighteous in very little "unrighteous even in small things." Make sure this does not sound like they are not often unrighteous. - diff --git a/luk/16/11.md b/luk/16/11.md index 258c713c54..e188092024 100644 --- a/luk/16/11.md +++ b/luk/16/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "no one will t # true wealth This refers to wealth that is more genuine, real, or lasting than money. - diff --git a/luk/16/12.md b/luk/16/12.md index 7ab1f9f6c4..583c941dd9 100644 --- a/luk/16/12.md +++ b/luk/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who will give you money of your own? Jesus uses this question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "no one will give you wealth for yourself." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/16/13.md b/luk/16/13.md index 95d34ef663..4608d0e688 100644 --- a/luk/16/13.md +++ b/luk/16/13.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This means essentially the same as "hate" in the previous clause. # You cannot serve Jesus was talking to a group of people, so languages that have a plural form of "you" would use that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/luk/16/14.md b/luk/16/14.md index 8738e245b1..5fa90fe2f8 100644 --- a/luk/16/14.md +++ b/luk/16/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word marks a shift to the background information. # they ridiculed him "the Pharisees ridiculed Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/16/15.md b/luk/16/15.md index 47bcc4072b..942df20c48 100644 --- a/luk/16/15.md +++ b/luk/16/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hearts" refers to the desires of people. Alternate translation: "God under # That which is exalted among men is detestable in the sight of God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Those things that men think are very important are things that God hates" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/16/16.md b/luk/16/16.md index db4b785bc2..dc55473cae 100644 --- a/luk/16/16.md +++ b/luk/16/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I am teaching people # everyone tries to force their way into it This refers to the people who were listening to and accepting the teaching of Jesus. Alternate translation: "many people are doing everything they can to enter it" - diff --git a/luk/16/17.md b/luk/16/17.md index bd6e8a5fe8..8d7407e11b 100644 --- a/luk/16/17.md +++ b/luk/16/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A "stroke" is the smallest part of a letter. It refers to something in the law t # become invalid "disappear" or "cease to exist" - diff --git a/luk/16/18.md b/luk/16/18.md index a0525c8622..e01d375520 100644 --- a/luk/16/18.md +++ b/luk/16/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he who marries one "any man who marries a woman" - diff --git a/luk/16/19.md b/luk/16/19.md index 82af0284ee..9187db8217 100644 --- a/luk/16/19.md +++ b/luk/16/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrase introduces a person in Jesus's story. It is not clear if this is a r # was enjoying every day his great wealth "enjoyed eating expensive food every day" or "continued to spend much money, buying whatever he desired" - diff --git a/luk/16/20.md b/luk/16/20.md index 09c5b71536..4766e52b63 100644 --- a/luk/16/20.md +++ b/luk/16/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase introduces another person in Jesus's story. It is not clear if this # covered with sores "with sores all over his body" - diff --git a/luk/16/21.md b/luk/16/21.md index 3d0e82ea55..1c0f60e1fd 100644 --- a/luk/16/21.md +++ b/luk/16/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "Even" here shows that what follows is worse than what has already been # dogs The Jews considered dogs to be unclean animals. Lazarus was too sick and weak to stop the dogs from licking his wounds. - diff --git a/luk/16/22.md b/luk/16/22.md index fdd633ccd0..6ba9298061 100644 --- a/luk/16/22.md +++ b/luk/16/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This implies that Abraham and Lazarus were reclining next to each other at a fea # was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people buried him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/16/23.md b/luk/16/23.md index 6d9c3208af..2d6531441b 100644 --- a/luk/16/23.md +++ b/luk/16/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This implies that Abraham and Lazarus were reclining next to each other at a fea # he lifted up his eyes This idiom means "he looked up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/16/24.md b/luk/16/24.md index fc216b39ec..415e92640a 100644 --- a/luk/16/24.md +++ b/luk/16/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This indicates the smallness of the amount requested. Alternate translation: "he # I am in anguish in this flame "I am in terrible pain in this flame" or "I am suffering terribly in this fire" - diff --git a/luk/16/25.md b/luk/16/25.md index b0da7ddadb..2642a27180 100644 --- a/luk/16/25.md +++ b/luk/16/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers the fact that they both received something while they lived on earth # in agony "suffering" - diff --git a/luk/16/26.md b/luk/16/26.md index 8e43393d14..c88eaef901 100644 --- a/luk/16/26.md +++ b/luk/16/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has placed a huge # those who want to cross over ... cannot "those people who want to cross over the chasm ... cannot" or "if anyone wants to cross over ... he cannot" - diff --git a/luk/16/27.md b/luk/16/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/16/27.md +++ b/luk/16/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/16/28.md b/luk/16/28.md index 6d22e50e79..5d029c7147 100644 --- a/luk/16/28.md +++ b/luk/16/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this place of torment "this place where we suffer torment" or "this place where we suffer terrible pain" - diff --git a/luk/16/29.md b/luk/16/29.md index a787a3f41d..4fde21282d 100644 --- a/luk/16/29.md +++ b/luk/16/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to their writings. Alternate translation: "what Moses and the prophe # let them listen to them "your brothers should pay attention to Moses and the prophets" - diff --git a/luk/16/30.md b/luk/16/30.md index 931bec0302..bc0d87a647 100644 --- a/luk/16/30.md +++ b/luk/16/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The rich man would like this to happen. Alternate translation: "if a person who # from the dead The expression "the dead" describes all dead people together in the underworld. Alternate translation: "from among all those who have died" - diff --git a/luk/16/31.md b/luk/16/31.md index d04ada0925..9ae2c38b5c 100644 --- a/luk/16/31.md +++ b/luk/16/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "neither will a person # rises from the dead The words "the dead" speak of all dead people together in the underworld. To rise from among them is to become alive again. - diff --git a/luk/16/intro.md b/luk/16/intro.md index d4e2d4e253..4a9518aefc 100644 --- a/luk/16/intro.md +++ b/luk/16/intro.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ * __[Luke 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/17/01.md b/luk/17/01.md index 4c94ba9ec5..843e1ae04c 100644 --- a/luk/17/01.md +++ b/luk/17/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues teaching, but he directs his attention back to his disciples. Th # to that person through whom they come "to anyone who causes the temptations to come" or "to any person who causes people to be tempted" - diff --git a/luk/17/02.md b/luk/17/02.md index 98aa944665..383745e743 100644 --- a/luk/17/02.md +++ b/luk/17/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This here refers to people whose faith is still weak. Alternate translation: "th # to stumble This was a way of referring to unintentional sin. Alternate translation: "to sin" - diff --git a/luk/17/03.md b/luk/17/03.md index 8ae16c41a2..1b6998971b 100644 --- a/luk/17/03.md +++ b/luk/17/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a conditional statement that talks about an event that will probably hap # rebuke him "tell him strongly that what he did was wrong" or "correct him" - diff --git a/luk/17/04.md b/luk/17/04.md index ff9f88c9fc..55dee8fa43 100644 --- a/luk/17/04.md +++ b/luk/17/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven times in the day, and seven times The number seven in the Bible is a symbol for completeness. Alternate translation: "many times in a day, and each time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/05.md b/luk/17/05.md index d522d5ea4e..1669b58c6f 100644 --- a/luk/17/05.md +++ b/luk/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ There is a brief break in Jesus's teachings as the disciples speak to him. Then # Increase our faith "Please give us more faith" or "Please add more faith to our faith" - diff --git a/luk/17/06.md b/luk/17/06.md index 010cb34869..35d171a5f6 100644 --- a/luk/17/06.md +++ b/luk/17/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Uproot yourself and # it would obey you "the tree would obey you." This result is conditional. It would happen only if they had faith. - diff --git a/luk/17/07.md b/luk/17/07.md index 815e75ace5..63aa1981b7 100644 --- a/luk/17/07.md +++ b/luk/17/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus asks his disciples a question to help them think about the role of a serva # a servant plowing or keeping sheep "a servant that plows your field or takes care of your sheep" - diff --git a/luk/17/08.md b/luk/17/08.md index 1b7ddbf205..11a56f7cef 100644 --- a/luk/17/08.md +++ b/luk/17/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a second question explain how the disciples would actually treat a se # Then afterward "Then after you serve me" - diff --git a/luk/17/09.md b/luk/17/09.md index 1d1fcf3832..acb1228c9d 100644 --- a/luk/17/09.md +++ b/luk/17/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things you comman # does he? "right?" or "is this not true?" - diff --git a/luk/17/10.md b/luk/17/10.md index 6ac911e0c5..647860c94c 100644 --- a/luk/17/10.md +++ b/luk/17/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God has commande # We are unworthy servants This is an exaggeration to express that they did not do anything worthy of praise. Alternate translation: "We are ordinary slaves" or "We servants do not deserve your praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/11.md b/luk/17/11.md index 40bf7ea6a0..4c8632eee1 100644 --- a/luk/17/11.md +++ b/luk/17/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new event. If your language # as he traveled to Jerusalem "as Jesus and the disciples were traveling to Jerusalem" - diff --git a/luk/17/12.md b/luk/17/12.md index 41f2b9b0fc..cb7190e2eb 100644 --- a/luk/17/12.md +++ b/luk/17/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "ten men who were lepe # They stood far away from him This was a respectful gesture, because lepers were not allowed to approach other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/13.md b/luk/17/13.md index dbb8346693..08d0386288 100644 --- a/luk/17/13.md +++ b/luk/17/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "to lift up one's voice" means to speak loudly. Alternate translation: # have mercy on us They were specifically asking to be healed. Alternate translation: "please show us mercy by healing us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/14.md b/luk/17/14.md index b809e50478..59c7e31747 100644 --- a/luk/17/14.md +++ b/luk/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Lepers were required to have the priests verify that their leprosy was healed. A # they were cleansed When people were healed, they were no longer ceremonially unclean. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "they were healed of their leprosy and so became clean" or "they were cured of their leprosy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/15.md b/luk/17/15.md index 8452c00e4b..5872211356 100644 --- a/luk/17/15.md +++ b/luk/17/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # with a loud voice glorifying God "and glorified God loudly" - diff --git a/luk/17/16.md b/luk/17/16.md index 8811ba7e7d..4f81d2b50b 100644 --- a/luk/17/16.md +++ b/luk/17/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Now he was a Samaritan The word "now" is used to mark a break in the main story. Here Luke tells background information about the man who returned to Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/17.md b/luk/17/17.md index febcb6d90b..ec7052506a 100644 --- a/luk/17/17.md +++ b/luk/17/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the first of three rhetorical questions. Jesus used them to show the peo # Where are the nine? "Why did not the other nine come back?" This can be a statement. Alternate translation: "The other nine men should have come back, too." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/18.md b/luk/17/18.md index c2240dbc88..756e86dd3e 100644 --- a/luk/17/18.md +++ b/luk/17/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be a statement. Alternate translation: "There were no others who return # this foreigner Samaritans had non-Jewish ancestors and they did not worship God in the same way that the Jews did. - diff --git a/luk/17/19.md b/luk/17/19.md index a8530d8cd9..2a256798b7 100644 --- a/luk/17/19.md +++ b/luk/17/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of the part of the story about Jesus healing the 10 lepers. # Your faith has made you well "Because of your faith you have become well." The idea of "faith" can be expressed with the verb "believe." Alternate translation: "Because you believe, you are well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/20.md b/luk/17/20.md index 9970ea9c41..963e1c2fa8 100644 --- a/luk/17/20.md +++ b/luk/17/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the beginning of a new event. Some translations start it with "One day" # The kingdom of God does not come with careful observing People thought that they would be able to see signs of the kingdom coming. The idea of signs can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "The kingdom of God does not come with signs that people can observe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/21.md b/luk/17/21.md index 794e49584b..a7c2f79bcd 100644 --- a/luk/17/21.md +++ b/luk/17/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idea of the noun "kingdom" can be expressed with the verb "rules." Alternate # the kingdom of God is within you Jesus was speaking to the religious leaders who were hostile to him. Possible meanings are 1) the word "you" refers to people in general. Alternate translation: "the kingdom of God is within people" or 2) the word translated "within" means "among." Alternate translation: "the kingdom of God is among you" - diff --git a/luk/17/22.md b/luk/17/22.md index c6a3178ac0..4b0ae27b45 100644 --- a/luk/17/22.md +++ b/luk/17/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) # but you will not see it "you will not experience it" - diff --git a/luk/17/23.md b/luk/17/23.md index 5fd7a5fa60..c806b20eea 100644 --- a/luk/17/23.md +++ b/luk/17/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to seeking the Messiah. Alternate translation: "Look, the Messiah is # do not go out or run after them The purpose of going out can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "do not go with them to look" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/24.md b/luk/17/24.md index f4b98b4b8f..a20e4bb89e 100644 --- a/luk/17/24.md +++ b/luk/17/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the future kingdom of God. Alternate translation: "it will be lik # so will the Son of Man be Jesus speaks of himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "so will I, the Son of Man, be" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/25.md b/luk/17/25.md index 238394ba66..75ae694bd3 100644 --- a/luk/17/25.md +++ b/luk/17/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # be rejected by this generation This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people of this generation must reject him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/26.md b/luk/17/26.md index 95209ffe61..cddb490528 100644 --- a/luk/17/26.md +++ b/luk/17/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "days of Noah" refers to the time during Noah's life just before God punishe # in the days of the Son of Man The "days of the Son of Man" refers to the period just before the Son of Man will come. Alternate translation: "when the Son of Man is about to come" - diff --git a/luk/17/27.md b/luk/17/27.md index 72fa826a3e..c98315444e 100644 --- a/luk/17/27.md +++ b/luk/17/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "parents were allowing # destroyed them all This does not include Noah and his family who were in the ark. Alternate translation: "destroyed all those who were not in the boat" - diff --git a/luk/17/28.md b/luk/17/28.md index 33730471f5..045731948a 100644 --- a/luk/17/28.md +++ b/luk/17/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they were eating and drinking "the people of Sodom were eating and drinking" - diff --git a/luk/17/29.md b/luk/17/29.md index 6f0963b728..fbabe3e296 100644 --- a/luk/17/29.md +++ b/luk/17/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # destroyed them all This does not include Lot and his family. Alternate translation: "destroyed all those who stayed in the city" - diff --git a/luk/17/30.md b/luk/17/30.md index 43cdc6739e..48e52c60ef 100644 --- a/luk/17/30.md +++ b/luk/17/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the Son of Man a # the Son of Man is revealed Jesus is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, am revealed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/31.md b/luk/17/31.md index 6f095b81e5..0189c98358 100644 --- a/luk/17/31.md +++ b/luk/17/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Their housetops were flat and people could walk or sit on them. # return They are not to go back to the house to get anything. They are to flee quickly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/32.md b/luk/17/32.md index c25bdb7b80..8b3a78839d 100644 --- a/luk/17/32.md +++ b/luk/17/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Remember Lot's wife "Remember what happened to Lot's wife" This is a warning. She looked back toward Sodom and God punished her along with the people of Sodom. Alternate translation: "Do not do what Lot's wife did"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/33.md b/luk/17/33.md index cd31519732..21f33cef7f 100644 --- a/luk/17/33.md +++ b/luk/17/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but whoever loses his life will save it "but people who lose their lives will save them" or "but whoever abandons his old way of life will save his life" - diff --git a/luk/17/34.md b/luk/17/34.md index fc3c25b50a..e39043c0e9 100644 --- a/luk/17/34.md +++ b/luk/17/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The emphasis is not on these two people, but on the fact that some people will b # One will be taken, and the other will be left "One person will be taken and the other person will be left behind." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will take one person and leave the other" or "Angels will take one and leave behind the other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/35.md b/luk/17/35.md index 493f3c73f5..056c859765 100644 --- a/luk/17/35.md +++ b/luk/17/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The emphasis is not on these two women or their activity, but on the fact that s # grinding grain together "grinding grain together" - diff --git a/luk/17/36.md b/luk/17/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/17/36.md +++ b/luk/17/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/17/37.md b/luk/17/37.md index 798c9fb008..a964dcaddf 100644 --- a/luk/17/37.md +++ b/luk/17/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Apparently this is a proverb that means "It will be obvious" or "You will know i # vultures Vultures are large birds that fly together and eat the flesh of dead animals that they find. You could describe these birds this way or use the word for local birds that do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/luk/17/intro.md b/luk/17/intro.md index efd41d0f29..e4a0f01e59 100644 --- a/luk/17/intro.md +++ b/luk/17/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,26 @@ # Luke 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Old Testament Examples +### Old Testament Examples Jesus used the lives of Noah and of Lot to teach his followers. Noah was ready for the flood when it came, and they needed to be ready for him to return, because he would not warn them when he came. Lot's wife loved the evil city she had been living in so much that God also punished her when he destroyed it, and they needed to love Jesus more than anything else, Those who read your translation may need help so they can understand what Jesus was teaching here. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical Questions +### Rhetorical Questions Jesus asked his disciples three questions ([Luke 17:7-9](./07.md)) to teach them that even those who serve him well are righteous only because of his grace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 17:22](../../luk/17/22.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in this chapter: "Whoever seeks to gain his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life will save it" ([Luke 17:33](../../luk/17/33.md)). @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A p * __[Luke 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/18/01.md b/luk/18/01.md index 2b79dbad48..f996dfd454 100644 --- a/luk/18/01.md +++ b/luk/18/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to tell a parable as he continues to teach his disciples. This is t # Then he "Then Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/18/02.md b/luk/18/02.md index 10c22d0a74..acd06a2189 100644 --- a/luk/18/02.md +++ b/luk/18/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "certain city" is a way to let the listener know that the narrative that fo # did not respect people "did not care about other people" - diff --git a/luk/18/03.md b/luk/18/03.md index 87a9080c7e..29e0c5f0a1 100644 --- a/luk/18/03.md +++ b/luk/18/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "him" refers to the judge. # my opponent "my enemy" or "the person who is trying to harm me." This is an opponent in a lawsuit. It is not clear whether the widow is suing the opponent or the opponent is suing the widow. - diff --git a/luk/18/04.md b/luk/18/04.md index d147d7de4f..de1e19a6d5 100644 --- a/luk/18/04.md +++ b/luk/18/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # man This refers here to "people" in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/05.md b/luk/18/05.md index 679db816df..75c6edf742 100644 --- a/luk/18/05.md +++ b/luk/18/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # by her constant coming "by continually coming to me" - diff --git a/luk/18/06.md b/luk/18/06.md index 7b74df7f40..2e763f7a68 100644 --- a/luk/18/06.md +++ b/luk/18/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus has finished telling his parable and is now commenting about it to his dis # Listen to what the unjust judge says "Think about what the unjust judge just said." Translate this in a way that people will understand that Jesus has already told what the judge said. - diff --git a/luk/18/07.md b/luk/18/07.md index 3ee6d1cef2..453e1b3f68 100644 --- a/luk/18/07.md +++ b/luk/18/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to teach the disciples. This can be a statement. Alternate # Will he delay long over them? Jesus uses a question to teach the disciples. This can be a statement. Alternate translation: "He will certainly not delay long over them!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/08.md b/luk/18/08.md index 04fde6df7d..492b34ad31 100644 --- a/luk/18/08.md +++ b/luk/18/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus asks this question so that his hearers will stop thinking that God is slow # the Son of Man comes, will he indeed find Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man come, will I indeed find" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/09.md b/luk/18/09.md index 0fcec74fe3..f5f098d1a8 100644 --- a/luk/18/09.md +++ b/luk/18/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus begins to tell another parable to some other people who were persuaded tha # despised strongly disliked or hated - diff --git a/luk/18/10.md b/luk/18/10.md index 687b725329..aebf66e222 100644 --- a/luk/18/10.md +++ b/luk/18/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # into the temple "into the temple courtyard" - diff --git a/luk/18/11.md b/luk/18/11.md index a576700c2b..80c21fab58 100644 --- a/luk/18/11.md +++ b/luk/18/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Robbers are people who steal from other people by forcing the other people to gi # or even like this tax collector The Pharisees believed that tax collectors were as sinful as robbers, unrighteous people, and adulterers. This could be made explicit. Alternate translation: "and I am certainly not like this sinful tax collector, who cheats people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/12.md b/luk/18/12.md index 1c75ebd07d..cec0256bbb 100644 --- a/luk/18/12.md +++ b/luk/18/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all that I get "everything I earn" - diff --git a/luk/18/13.md b/luk/18/13.md index 184477c37d..e46de457dd 100644 --- a/luk/18/13.md +++ b/luk/18/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a physical expression of great sorrow, and shows this man's repentance a # God, have mercy on me, a sinner "God, please be merciful to me. I am a sinner" or "God, please have mercy on me even though I have committed many sins" - diff --git a/luk/18/14.md b/luk/18/14.md index 07186595a9..5246924f54 100644 --- a/luk/18/14.md +++ b/luk/18/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will humble" (See # will be exalted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will greatly honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/15.md b/luk/18/15.md index d3cb941ab5..9d377881cc 100644 --- a/luk/18/15.md +++ b/luk/18/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This could also be translated as separate sentences: "touch them. But" # they rebuked them "the disciples tried to stop the parents from bringing their children to Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/18/16.md b/luk/18/16.md index ba1f91ff57..3e2481467b 100644 --- a/luk/18/16.md +++ b/luk/18/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two sentences have similar meaning and they are combined for emphasis. Som # belongs to such ones This could be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: "belongs to people who are like these little children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/17.md b/luk/18/17.md index 2d7a934cef..d145f78a17 100644 --- a/luk/18/17.md +++ b/luk/18/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # whoever will not receive the kingdom of God like a child will definitely not enter it God requires people to accept his rule over them with trust and humility. Alternate translation: "whoever wants to enter God's kingdom must receive it with trust and humility like a child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/18.md b/luk/18/18.md index 69b064245c..cccee3f8a1 100644 --- a/luk/18/18.md +++ b/luk/18/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This introduces a new character in the story. It only identifies him by his posi # inherit eternal life "receive life that does not end." The term "inherit" usually refers to the property that a man left to his children when he dies. Therefore, this metaphor may mean he understood himself to be a child of God and desired for God to give him eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/19.md b/luk/18/19.md index 4dcca640f7..95ce8e5bcd 100644 --- a/luk/18/19.md +++ b/luk/18/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus asks the question because he knows that the ruler will not like Jesus's an # No one is good, except God alone This double negative emphasizes that God is the only one who is good. Alternate translation: "The only one who is good is God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/20.md b/luk/18/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/18/20.md +++ b/luk/18/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/18/21.md b/luk/18/21.md index 4b160c9a1a..16ef25df8f 100644 --- a/luk/18/21.md +++ b/luk/18/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All these things "All of these commandments" - diff --git a/luk/18/22.md b/luk/18/22.md index 2f17f0caf6..9f2490cc5e 100644 --- a/luk/18/22.md +++ b/luk/18/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ # come, follow me "come with me as my disciple" - diff --git a/luk/18/23.md b/luk/18/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/18/23.md +++ b/luk/18/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/18/24.md b/luk/18/24.md index d60190d5d2..b36419bd21 100644 --- a/luk/18/24.md +++ b/luk/18/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How difficult it is ... kingdom of God! This is an exclamation, and not a question. Alternate translation: "It is so very hard ... kingdom of God!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/25.md b/luk/18/25.md index c58105cfef..21d6ebc1a8 100644 --- a/luk/18/25.md +++ b/luk/18/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is impossible for a camel to fit through the eye of a needle. Jesus was proba # needle's eye The needle's eye is the hole in a sewing needle through which the thread is passed. - diff --git a/luk/18/26.md b/luk/18/26.md index ca68915b22..0fdb4691b3 100644 --- a/luk/18/26.md +++ b/luk/18/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Then who can be saved? It is possible that they were asking for an answer. But it is more likely that they used the question to emphasize their surprise at what Jesus said. Alternate translation: "Then no one can be saved from sin!" or in active form: "Then God will not save anyone!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/27.md b/luk/18/27.md index afe21b11ef..f23d164a54 100644 --- a/luk/18/27.md +++ b/luk/18/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are impossible with people are possible with God "people cannot do are possible for God to do" or "people cannot do, God can do" - diff --git a/luk/18/28.md b/luk/18/28.md index b25976d007..d04d27ffb9 100644 --- a/luk/18/28.md +++ b/luk/18/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers only to the disciples, and contrasts them with the rich ruler # everything that is our own "all our wealth" or "all our possessions" - diff --git a/luk/18/29.md b/luk/18/29.md index 568eb0a4c3..2cf448aaac 100644 --- a/luk/18/29.md +++ b/luk/18/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses this expression to stress the importance of what he is about to say. # there is no one who This expression is intended to include not only the disciples, but also everyone else who has made the same sacrifices. - diff --git a/luk/18/30.md b/luk/18/30.md index e666856091..31de02bb6a 100644 --- a/luk/18/30.md +++ b/luk/18/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This could be stated in positive form. First the words "there is not one who" in # in the age to come, eternal life "he will also receive eternal life in the age to come" - diff --git a/luk/18/31.md b/luk/18/31.md index 56fdd57763..78470cc33f 100644 --- a/luk/18/31.md +++ b/luk/18/31.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jesus speaks of himself as "the Son of Man." Alternate translation: "me, the Son # will be accomplished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will happen" or "will occur" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/32.md b/luk/18/32.md index 44cb43a0ad..e33d0fa4ab 100644 --- a/luk/18/32.md +++ b/luk/18/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus speaks of himself. Alternate translation: "I" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # will be mocked, and shamefully treated, and spit upon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will mock him, treat him shamefully, and spit on him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/33.md b/luk/18/33.md index 715e817ac9..b4cfb73b8e 100644 --- a/luk/18/33.md +++ b/luk/18/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus speaks of himself. Alternate translation: "me ... me ... I" (See: [[rc://e # on the third day This refers to the third day after his death. However, the disciples did not yet understand this, so it is best not to add this explanation when translating this verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/34.md b/luk/18/34.md index f08697a2cb..1497011932 100644 --- a/luk/18/34.md +++ b/luk/18/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form, but it is not clear whether it is God or Jesu # the things that were said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things that Jesus said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/35.md b/luk/18/35.md index 74289877b2..7e8120f89d 100644 --- a/luk/18/35.md +++ b/luk/18/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: # a certain blind man was sitting "there was a blind man sitting." Here "certain" means only that the man is an important new participant in the story. Luke does not mention his name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/36.md b/luk/18/36.md index ee43b2d7cb..43d0723b46 100644 --- a/luk/18/36.md +++ b/luk/18/36.md @@ -3,4 +3,3 @@ and hearing It may be helpful to start a new sentence here after changing the comma at the end of the previous verse (verse 35) to a period. Alternate translation: "When he heard" - diff --git a/luk/18/37.md b/luk/18/37.md index 4e126c16c4..0f12862985 100644 --- a/luk/18/37.md +++ b/luk/18/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus came from the town of Nazareth, which was located in Galilee. # was passing by "was walking past him" - diff --git a/luk/18/38.md b/luk/18/38.md index 088b5360b2..850a2b2846 100644 --- a/luk/18/38.md +++ b/luk/18/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus was a descendant of David, Israel's most important king. # have mercy on me "show me pity" or "show me compassion" - diff --git a/luk/18/39.md b/luk/18/39.md index 8a47a00bb8..eb75e84d87 100644 --- a/luk/18/39.md +++ b/luk/18/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # cried out all the more This could mean that he cried out louder or that he cried out more persistently. - diff --git a/luk/18/40.md b/luk/18/40.md index 19e91cc7e4..6073a40026 100644 --- a/luk/18/40.md +++ b/luk/18/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that the man be brought to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people to bring the blind man to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/41.md b/luk/18/41.md index 98d0f07133..457c735dfd 100644 --- a/luk/18/41.md +++ b/luk/18/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to receive my sight "to be able to see" - diff --git a/luk/18/42.md b/luk/18/42.md index 2a47ecf4f5..5c381c66fb 100644 --- a/luk/18/42.md +++ b/luk/18/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a command, but Jesus is not commanding the man to do anything. Jesus is # Your faith has healed you These words are a metonym. It was because of the man's faith that Jesus healed the man. Alternate translation: "I have healed you because you have believed in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/18/43.md b/luk/18/43.md index 8e56458274..3cd8311072 100644 --- a/luk/18/43.md +++ b/luk/18/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # glorifying God "giving glory to God" or "praising God" - diff --git a/luk/18/intro.md b/luk/18/intro.md index c6b043b448..6ce36bab55 100644 --- a/luk/18/intro.md +++ b/luk/18/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Luke 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Jesus told two parables ([Luke 18:1-8](./01.md) and [Luke 18:9-14](./09.md)) and then taught that his followers were to be humble ([Luke 18:15-17](./15.md)), to use everything they owned to help the poor ([Luke 18:18-30](./18.md)), and to expect him to die soon ([Luke 18:31-34](./31.md)). Then they all began to walk to Jerusalem, and Jesus healed a blind man ([Luke 18:35-43](./35.md)). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Judges +### Judges People expected judges always to do what God said was right and to make sure that other people did what was right. But some judges did not care about doing right or making sure others did right. Jesus called this kind of judge unjust. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -#### Pharisees and tax collectors +### Pharisees and tax collectors The Pharisees thought that they themselves were the best examples of righteous good people, and they thought that tax collectors were the most unrighteous sinners. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 18:8](../../luk/18/08.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 18:8](../../l * __[Luke 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/19/01.md b/luk/19/01.md index 999364286b..5e2393213f 100644 --- a/luk/19/01.md +++ b/luk/19/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verses 1-2 begin to give background information for the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/02.md b/luk/19/02.md index 8f7cd2054c..0ac7b47003 100644 --- a/luk/19/02.md +++ b/luk/19/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have # He was a chief tax collector and was rich This is background information about Zacchaeus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/03.md b/luk/19/03.md index 8cac75838e..e25323a2f9 100644 --- a/luk/19/03.md +++ b/luk/19/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This verse completes the background information begun in [Luke 19:1-2](./01.md) # because he was small in height "because he was short" - diff --git a/luk/19/04.md b/luk/19/04.md index 875ef197de..8267de15d2 100644 --- a/luk/19/04.md +++ b/luk/19/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author has finished giving the background to the event and now begins to des # a sycamore tree "a sycamore fig tree." It produces small round fruit about 2.5 centimeters across. Alternate translation: "a fig tree" or "a tree" - diff --git a/luk/19/05.md b/luk/19/05.md index 4fd3e295f7..3efc11008d 100644 --- a/luk/19/05.md +++ b/luk/19/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the place "the tree" or "where Zacchaeus was" - diff --git a/luk/19/06.md b/luk/19/06.md index d0b59ffbb0..395e2fb747 100644 --- a/luk/19/06.md +++ b/luk/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So he hurried "So Zacchaeus hurried" - diff --git a/luk/19/07.md b/luk/19/07.md index 2ae5235278..25ce8705a1 100644 --- a/luk/19/07.md +++ b/luk/19/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Jews hated the tax collectors and did not think any good person should assoc # a sinner "an obvious sinner" or "a real sinner" - diff --git a/luk/19/08.md b/luk/19/08.md index 9331de469c..0bdf32b783 100644 --- a/luk/19/08.md +++ b/luk/19/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Jesus. # restore four times the amount "return to them four times as much as I took from them" - diff --git a/luk/19/09.md b/luk/19/09.md index a9c9cb1dcc..54383823e1 100644 --- a/luk/19/09.md +++ b/luk/19/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "house" here refers to the people living in the house or the family. (S # son of Abraham Possible meanings are 1) "descendant of Abraham" and 2) "person who has faith as Abraham did." - diff --git a/luk/19/10.md b/luk/19/10.md index 87fcc4115b..62c38fe9ac 100644 --- a/luk/19/10.md +++ b/luk/19/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, came # the people who are lost "the people who have wandered away from God" or "those who by sinning have wandered away from God" - diff --git a/luk/19/11.md b/luk/19/11.md index 0cf433be27..6156080658 100644 --- a/luk/19/11.md +++ b/luk/19/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to tell a parable to the crowd. This verse gives background informa # that the kingdom of God was about to appear immediately The Jews believed that the Messiah would establish the kingdom as soon as he came to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "that Jesus would immediately begin to rule over God's kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/12.md b/luk/19/12.md index 275f25bd79..273917982c 100644 --- a/luk/19/12.md +++ b/luk/19/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to receive for himself a kingdom This is the image of a lesser king going to a greater king. The greater king would give the lesser king the right and authority to rule over his own country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/13.md b/luk/19/13.md index 5b748d0b16..3b5811da81 100644 --- a/luk/19/13.md +++ b/luk/19/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days' wages # Conduct business "Trade with this money" or "Use this money in order to earn more" - diff --git a/luk/19/14.md b/luk/19/14.md index c0ab24d4dc..d1a40fbb18 100644 --- a/luk/19/14.md +++ b/luk/19/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a delegation "a group of people to represent them" or "several messengers" - diff --git a/luk/19/15.md b/luk/19/15.md index b3d1a04766..2da1172ac9 100644 --- a/luk/19/15.md +++ b/luk/19/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to come to him" (See: # what profit they had made "how much money they had earned" - diff --git a/luk/19/16.md b/luk/19/16.md index 1a5aca833d..fa7840d3a3 100644 --- a/luk/19/16.md +++ b/luk/19/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is implied that the servant was the one who caused the profit. Alternate tran # mina A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days' wages, what people would be paid for about four months' work. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:13](../19/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/17.md b/luk/19/17.md index e6968cb561..f84bd999dd 100644 --- a/luk/19/17.md +++ b/luk/19/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # very little This refers to the one mina, which the nobleman apparently did not consider to be a lot of money. - diff --git a/luk/19/18.md b/luk/19/18.md index 38e0ab650e..63c22affa6 100644 --- a/luk/19/18.md +++ b/luk/19/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that the servant was the one who caused the profit. Alternate tran # mina A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days' wages, what people would be paid for about four months' work. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:13](../19/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/19.md b/luk/19/19.md index 5d6aeb74a3..f5c726c6d8 100644 --- a/luk/19/19.md +++ b/luk/19/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You take charge over five cities "You will have authority over five cities" - diff --git a/luk/19/20.md b/luk/19/20.md index 351369b08c..4e2a0e3d5c 100644 --- a/luk/19/20.md +++ b/luk/19/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days' wages # kept safely in a cloth "wrapped in a cloth and stored away" - diff --git a/luk/19/21.md b/luk/19/21.md index cfa3606c47..fc07edf7dc 100644 --- a/luk/19/21.md +++ b/luk/19/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was probably a proverb. A person who takes out of storage or out of a bank # you reap what you did not sow This was probably a proverb. A person who harvests food that someone else has planted is a metaphor for someone who benefits from other people's hard work. Alternate translation: "you are like a person who reaps the fruit of what other people sowed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/22.md b/luk/19/22.md index c99d5561e4..11b8028213 100644 --- a/luk/19/22.md +++ b/luk/19/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ His "words" refer to all that he had said. Alternate translation: "Based on what # You knew that I am a demanding person The nobleman was repeating what the servant had said about him. He was not saying that it was true. Alternate translation: "You say that I am a demanding person" - diff --git a/luk/19/23.md b/luk/19/23.md index 92844d24d7..a228977a12 100644 --- a/luk/19/23.md +++ b/luk/19/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A bank is a business that safely holds money for people. A bank lends that money # interest Interest is money that a bank pays people who put their money in the bank. - diff --git a/luk/19/24.md b/luk/19/24.md index 0d30f84835..02916c267d 100644 --- a/luk/19/24.md +++ b/luk/19/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The nobleman had become king. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:12](../19/ # mina A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days' wages, what people would be paid for about four months' work. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:13](../19/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/25.md b/luk/19/25.md index 17b22653d1..7b0cbfadd0 100644 --- a/luk/19/25.md +++ b/luk/19/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he has ten minas. "he already has ten minas!" - diff --git a/luk/19/26.md b/luk/19/26.md index b002b3fa49..265eb61bf9 100644 --- a/luk/19/26.md +++ b/luk/19/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is implied that the reason he does not have money is because he did not use h # will be taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will take away from him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/27.md b/luk/19/27.md index c0731ca6f9..d0824b556b 100644 --- a/luk/19/27.md +++ b/luk/19/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these enemies of mine Since the enemies were not right there, some languages would say "those enemies of mine." - diff --git a/luk/19/28.md b/luk/19/28.md index fc062c1057..c2c88bded7 100644 --- a/luk/19/28.md +++ b/luk/19/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the end of the part of the story about the nobleman and his servants. Th # going up to Jerusalem Jerusalem was higher than Jericho, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem. - diff --git a/luk/19/29.md b/luk/19/29.md index 04e88afa62..4be0d60159 100644 --- a/luk/19/29.md +++ b/luk/19/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Bethphage is a village on the Mount of Olives, which is across the Kidron Valley # the mountain that is called Olives "the hill that is called the Mount of Olives" or "the hill that is called 'Olive Tree Mountain'" - diff --git a/luk/19/30.md b/luk/19/30.md index 28454d6604..b1bbcee8c3 100644 --- a/luk/19/30.md +++ b/luk/19/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that has never been ridden This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that no one has ever ridden" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/31.md b/luk/19/31.md index 07e802938a..0199e018c7 100644 --- a/luk/19/31.md +++ b/luk/19/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If anyone asks you, 'Why are you untying it?' say The inner quote can also be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "If any one asks you why you are untying it, say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/32.md b/luk/19/32.md index 2672ff86f4..0bbf032ace 100644 --- a/luk/19/32.md +++ b/luk/19/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Those who were sent This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The two disciples that Jesus sent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/33.md b/luk/19/33.md index f22193623c..e9a86a4212 100644 --- a/luk/19/33.md +++ b/luk/19/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the owners "the owners of the colt" - diff --git a/luk/19/34.md b/luk/19/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/19/34.md +++ b/luk/19/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/19/35.md b/luk/19/35.md index f7c22075eb..2886efed52 100644 --- a/luk/19/35.md +++ b/luk/19/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # set Jesus on it "helped Jesus get up on and ride on the colt" - diff --git a/luk/19/36.md b/luk/19/36.md index f1c81b0d02..ba0e110d80 100644 --- a/luk/19/36.md +++ b/luk/19/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they spread their cloaks "people spread their cloaks." This is a sign of giving honor to someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/37.md b/luk/19/37.md index cd5fc0f58c..13ef1504cb 100644 --- a/luk/19/37.md +++ b/luk/19/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # mighty works which they had seen "great things they had seen Jesus do" - diff --git a/luk/19/38.md b/luk/19/38.md index 56fb336eed..371c88f20d 100644 --- a/luk/19/38.md +++ b/luk/19/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "name" refers to power and authority. Also, "Lord" refers to God. (See: [[r # glory in the highest "may there be glory in the highest" or "we want to see glory in the highest." The words "the highest" refer to heaven, which is a metonym for God, who lives in heaven. Alternate translation: "Let everyone give glory to God in the highest heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/39.md b/luk/19/39.md index c7f5162420..4a862a652e 100644 --- a/luk/19/39.md +++ b/luk/19/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # rebuke your disciples "tell your disciples to stop doing these things" - diff --git a/luk/19/40.md b/luk/19/40.md index da4de558b4..44e8825b5e 100644 --- a/luk/19/40.md +++ b/luk/19/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is describing something that could have happened but did not. Some transla # the stones would cry out "the stones would call out praises" - diff --git a/luk/19/41.md b/luk/19/41.md index 5bf48b39c4..c86c95eb16 100644 --- a/luk/19/41.md +++ b/luk/19/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Jerusalem. # he wept over it To weep over something means to weep because of something. The word "it" refers to the city of Jerusalem, but it represents the people who lived in that city. Alternate translation: "he cried about the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/42.md b/luk/19/42.md index 4b7ecb5013..680ca921fe 100644 --- a/luk/19/42.md +++ b/luk/19/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" is singular because Jesus is speaking to the city. But if this wo # they are hidden from your eyes "your eyes" refer to the ability to see. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you can no longer see them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/43.md b/luk/19/43.md index efd628cb56..4b676ec322 100644 --- a/luk/19/43.md +++ b/luk/19/43.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "you" is singular because Jesus is speaking to the city as he would to # barricade This refers to a wall to keep the people from getting out of the city. - diff --git a/luk/19/44.md b/luk/19/44.md index 0886bc39a6..88f22d9f01 100644 --- a/luk/19/44.md +++ b/luk/19/44.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "visitation" can be translated as a verb phrase. Alternate tra # visitation This is a "visit" by an overseer to make sure that things are going well with those over whom he is in charge, not a casual social visit. - diff --git a/luk/19/45.md b/luk/19/45.md index 2f212f7d8f..469272ef05 100644 --- a/luk/19/45.md +++ b/luk/19/45.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Only priests were allowed to enter the temple building. Alternate translation: " # cast out "throw out" or "force out" - diff --git a/luk/19/46.md b/luk/19/46.md index f7dda43b0d..8fbd846375 100644 --- a/luk/19/46.md +++ b/luk/19/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "My" refers to God and "house" refers to the temple. # a den of robbers Jesus speaks of the temple as if it were a place where thieves come together. Alternate translation: "a place where thieves hide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/47.md b/luk/19/47.md index 5261797861..7cd21754c9 100644 --- a/luk/19/47.md +++ b/luk/19/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the end of this part of the story. Verses 47-48 tell about ongoing actio # destroy him This hyperbole refers to killing Jesus. Alternate translation: "kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/luk/19/48.md b/luk/19/48.md index dc6e3aa9e1..6c408728d1 100644 --- a/luk/19/48.md +++ b/luk/19/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were listening to him intently "were paying close attention to what Jesus was saying" - diff --git a/luk/19/intro.md b/luk/19/intro.md index c77362fea5..4c61a82dfe 100644 --- a/luk/19/intro.md +++ b/luk/19/intro.md @@ -1,29 +1,30 @@ # Luke 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting After Jesus helped a man named Zacchaeus repent of his sins ([Luke 19:1-10](./01.md)), he taught his followers that when he would begin to rule as king they would need to tell them what they had done with the things he had given them to take care of ([Luke 19:11-27](./11.md)). He did this by telling them a parable. After that, he rode into Jerusalem on a colt ([Luke 19:28-48](./28.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "Sinner" -#### "Sinner" The Pharisees referred to a group of people as "sinners." The Jewish leaders thought these people were sinful, but in reality the leaders were also sinful. This can be taken as irony. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) -#### Servants +### Servants God expects his people to remember that everything in the world belongs to God. God gives his people things so they can serve him. He wants them to please him by doing what he wants them to do with everything he has given them. One day Jesus will ask his servants what they have done with everything he gave them to use. He will give a reward to those who have done what he wanted them to do, and he will punish those who have not. -#### The donkey and the colt +### The donkey and the colt Jesus rode into Jerusalem on an animal. In this way he was like a king who came into a city after he had won an important battle. Also, the kings of Israel in the Old Testament rode on a donkeys. Other kings rode on horses. So Jesus was showing that he was the king of Israel and that he was not like other kings. Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about this event. Matthew and Mark wrote that the disciples brought Jesus a donkey. John wrote that Jesus found a donkey. Luke wrote that they brought him a colt. Only Matthew wrote that there were both a donkey had a colt. No one knows for sure whether Jesus rode the donkey or the colt. It is best to translate each of these accounts as it appears in the ULB without trying to make them all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 21:1-7](../../mat/21/01.md) and [Mark 11:1-7](../../mrk/11/01.md) and [Luke 19:29-36](../../luk/19/29.md) and [John 12:14-15](../../jhn/12/14.md)) -#### Spreading garments and branches +### Spreading garments and branches When a king would enter one of the cities he ruled, people would cut branches from trees and would take off the clothes that they wore to stay warm in cold weather and spread them all on the road so the king would ride over them. They did this to honor the king and show that they loved him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/honor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) -#### The merchants in the temple +### The merchants in the temple Jesus forced the people who were selling animals in the temple to leave. He did this to show everyone that he had authority over the temple and that only those who were righteous, who did what God said was good, could be in it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -32,4 +33,3 @@ Jesus forced the people who were selling animals in the temple to leave. He did * __[Luke 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/20/01.md b/luk/20/01.md index d963590a1a..03d970a18d 100644 --- a/luk/20/01.md +++ b/luk/20/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: # in the temple "in the temple courtyard" or "at the temple" - diff --git a/luk/20/02.md b/luk/20/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/20/02.md +++ b/luk/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/20/03.md b/luk/20/03.md index 49ebc9cc2b..619db8c09f 100644 --- a/luk/20/03.md +++ b/luk/20/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus responds to the chief priests, scribes, and elders. # I will also ask you a question, and you tell me The words "I will ... ask you a question" are a statement. The words "you tell me" are a command. - diff --git a/luk/20/04.md b/luk/20/04.md index 753d90f3be..09d4d38935 100644 --- a/luk/20/04.md +++ b/luk/20/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus knows that John's authority comes from heaven, so he is not asking for inf # from heaven "from God." Jewish people avoided referring to God by his name "Yahweh." Often they used the word "heaven" to refer to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/05.md b/luk/20/05.md index 1ed5800e9b..1942a75e8e 100644 --- a/luk/20/05.md +++ b/luk/20/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some languages might prefer an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "If we say # he will say "Jesus will say" - diff --git a/luk/20/06.md b/luk/20/06.md index a6a3536c53..400242c39a 100644 --- a/luk/20/06.md +++ b/luk/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some languages might prefer an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "if we say # stone us "kill us by throwing stones on us." God's Law commanded that his people stone those of his people who mocked him or his prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/07.md b/luk/20/07.md index abfb0fe5a9..2e67512d44 100644 --- a/luk/20/07.md +++ b/luk/20/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This could be stated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "they said, 'We d # where it came from "where John's baptism came from." Alternate translation: "where John's authority to baptize came from" or "who authorized John to baptize people" - diff --git a/luk/20/08.md b/luk/20/08.md index bf7219712f..c8a2641bf7 100644 --- a/luk/20/08.md +++ b/luk/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Neither will I tell you "And I will not tell you." Jesus knew they were not willing to tell him the answer, so he responded in the same manner. Alternate translation: "Just as you will not tell me, I will not tell you" - diff --git a/luk/20/09.md b/luk/20/09.md index 64fd275372..7d1f6f30f5 100644 --- a/luk/20/09.md +++ b/luk/20/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus begins to tell a parable to the people in the temple courtyard. (See: [[rc # vine growers These are people who tend grape vines and grow grapes. Alternate translation: "grape farmers" - diff --git a/luk/20/10.md b/luk/20/10.md index 3ff5a860a6..16d161d535 100644 --- a/luk/20/10.md +++ b/luk/20/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # sent him away empty-handed An empty hand is a metaphor for "nothing." Alternate translation: "sent him away without paying him" or "sent him away without the grapes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/11.md b/luk/20/11.md index 6fe5b11e24..35d104c125 100644 --- a/luk/20/11.md +++ b/luk/20/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # sent him away empty-handed Having an empty hand is a metaphor for having nothing. Alternate translation: "sent him away without paying him" or "sent him away without any grapes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/12.md b/luk/20/12.md index 0f84f368e5..5c3da3cec1 100644 --- a/luk/20/12.md +++ b/luk/20/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # threw him out "threw him out of the vineyard" - diff --git a/luk/20/13.md b/luk/20/13.md index c6d5489005..f1df18543f 100644 --- a/luk/20/13.md +++ b/luk/20/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What will I do? This question emphasizes that the vineyard owner thought carefully about what he was going to do. Alternate translation: "Here is what I will do:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/14.md b/luk/20/14.md index e896b10155..8045279fc6 100644 --- a/luk/20/14.md +++ b/luk/20/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Let us kill him They were not asking permission. The said this to encourage each other to kill the heir. - diff --git a/luk/20/15.md b/luk/20/15.md index b11ad22f6c..f55bcee8ed 100644 --- a/luk/20/15.md +++ b/luk/20/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What then will the lord of the vineyard do to them? Jesus uses a question to get his listeners to pay attention to what the owner of the vineyard will do. Alternate translation: "So now, listen to what the lord of the vineyard will do to them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/16.md b/luk/20/16.md index 5a0e44de6f..a71c0f2610 100644 --- a/luk/20/16.md +++ b/luk/20/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus finishes telling his parable to the crowd. # May it never be "May it never happen" - diff --git a/luk/20/17.md b/luk/20/17.md index 0354ada9bb..10c679dfbb 100644 --- a/luk/20/17.md +++ b/luk/20/17.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This refers to the religious rulers who are rejecting Jesus as Messiah. # the cornerstone "the chief stone of the building" or "the most important stone of the building" - diff --git a/luk/20/18.md b/luk/20/18.md index f1c6173978..0fa0b0c53f 100644 --- a/luk/20/18.md +++ b/luk/20/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a result of falling onto the stone. It can be stated in active form. Alt # the one on whom it falls "the one that stone falls on." This third metaphor speaks about the Messiah judging those who reject him as if he were a large stone that would crush them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/19.md b/luk/20/19.md index f9d7534d5f..655a7a3906 100644 --- a/luk/20/19.md +++ b/luk/20/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this verse, to "lay hands on" someone is to arrest that person. Alternate tra # they were afraid of the people This is the reason that they did not arrest Jesus right away. The people respected Jesus, and the religious leaders were afraid of what the people might do if they arrested him. Alternate translation: "they did not arrest him because they were afraid of the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/20.md b/luk/20/20.md index cc64299966..592de086d4 100644 --- a/luk/20/20.md +++ b/luk/20/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # to the rule and to the authority of the governor "Rule" and "authority" are two ways of saying that they wanted the governor to judge Jesus. It can be translated with one or both expressions. Alternate translation: "so that the governor would punish Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/21.md b/luk/20/21.md index 17b00329cc..d515392817 100644 --- a/luk/20/21.md +++ b/luk/20/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "you tell the truth even if important people do not lik # but you teach the truth about the way of God This is part of what the spies were saying that they knew about Jesus. - diff --git a/luk/20/22.md b/luk/20/22.md index ea2146b761..54c087a171 100644 --- a/luk/20/22.md +++ b/luk/20/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They were asking about God's law, not about Caesar's law. Alternate translation: # Caesar Because Caesar was the ruler of the Roman government, they could refer to the Roman government by Caesar's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/23.md b/luk/20/23.md index fdee25cc02..41e4a7a8d5 100644 --- a/luk/20/23.md +++ b/luk/20/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But Jesus understood their craftiness "But Jesus understood how tricky they were" or "But Jesus saw that they were trying to trap him." The word "their" refers to the spies. - diff --git a/luk/20/24.md b/luk/20/24.md index 42e7107719..a8e2a40b22 100644 --- a/luk/20/24.md +++ b/luk/20/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to respond to those who were trying to trick him. Alternat # image and name "picture and name" - diff --git a/luk/20/25.md b/luk/20/25.md index 3fd1b18af0..7ac80dc81a 100644 --- a/luk/20/25.md +++ b/luk/20/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Caesar" refers to the Roman government. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-me # and to God The word "give" is understood from the previous phrase. It can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "and give to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/26.md b/luk/20/26.md index 9af80df0ee..327d84f9e6 100644 --- a/luk/20/26.md +++ b/luk/20/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the end of this event about the spies and the part of the story which be # but marveling at his answer, they were silent "but they were amazed at his answer and did not say anything" - diff --git a/luk/20/27.md b/luk/20/27.md index 0eac4b450b..2e1677c1a7 100644 --- a/luk/20/27.md +++ b/luk/20/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ We do not know where this takes place, though it possibly takes place in the tem # the ones who say that there is no resurrection This phrase identifies the Sadducees as being the group of Jews that say that no one would rise from the dead. It does not imply that some Sadducees believed that there is a resurrection and some did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/28.md b/luk/20/28.md index b5e2255bdc..b558af0c7a 100644 --- a/luk/20/28.md +++ b/luk/20/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # raise up children for his brother The Jews considered the first son born to a woman who married her dead husband's brother as if he were the son of the woman's first husband. This son inherited the property of his mother's first husband and carried on his name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/29.md b/luk/20/29.md index ffa85fef22..52b96505a8 100644 --- a/luk/20/29.md +++ b/luk/20/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This may have happened, but it is probably a story that they made up to test Jes # died childless "died without having any children" or "died, but did not have any children" - diff --git a/luk/20/30.md b/luk/20/30.md index 571d0adb04..a641260f46 100644 --- a/luk/20/30.md +++ b/luk/20/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Sadducees kept the story short by not repeating many of the details. Alterna # the second "brother number two" or "the oldest brother who was still alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/31.md b/luk/20/31.md index 845925f919..44c696d358 100644 --- a/luk/20/31.md +++ b/luk/20/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The speakers kept the story short by omitting details. Alternate translation: "i # the seven "all seven of the brothers" or "each of the seven brothers" - diff --git a/luk/20/32.md b/luk/20/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/20/32.md +++ b/luk/20/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/20/33.md b/luk/20/33.md index 6fc3af0444..f4bedaa869 100644 --- a/luk/20/33.md +++ b/luk/20/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Sadducees finish asking Jesus their question. # In the resurrection "When people are raised from the dead" or "When dead people become alive again." Some languages have a way of showing that the Sadducees did not believe that there would be a resurrection, such as "In the supposed resurrection" or "When dead people are supposedly raised from the dead." - diff --git a/luk/20/34.md b/luk/20/34.md index 3c888969a8..300b67df3c 100644 --- a/luk/20/34.md +++ b/luk/20/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus begins to answer the Sadducees. # marry and are given in marriage In that culture they spoke of men marrying women and women being given in marriage to their husband. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "get married" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/35.md b/luk/20/35.md index 119cb7cbc1..5b2a04c879 100644 --- a/luk/20/35.md +++ b/luk/20/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ From among all those who have died. The expression "the dead" describes all dead # will neither marry nor be given in marriage In that culture they spoke of men marrying women and women being given in marriage to their husband. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will not marry" or "will not get married." This is after the resurrection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/36.md b/luk/20/36.md index a0faa80202..70273a5022 100644 --- a/luk/20/36.md +++ b/luk/20/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is after the resurrection. Alternate translation: "They will not be able to # are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection "are children of God because he has brought them back from the dead" - diff --git a/luk/20/37.md b/luk/20/37.md index 12e22e3446..15604c724d 100644 --- a/luk/20/37.md +++ b/luk/20/37.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The implied information can be supplied. Alternate translation: "in the scriptur # the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob "the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob." They all worshiped the same God. - diff --git a/luk/20/38.md b/luk/20/38.md index 3eaf289966..42d42ad98b 100644 --- a/luk/20/38.md +++ b/luk/20/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases have similar meaning. They are used together for emphasis. Som # because all live to him "because in God's sight they all are still alive" or "because their spirits are alive in God's presence" - diff --git a/luk/20/39.md b/luk/20/39.md index 78425bc770..f3424b42a5 100644 --- a/luk/20/39.md +++ b/luk/20/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Some of the scribes answered "Some of the scribes said to Jesus." There were scribes present when the Sadducees were questioning Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/40.md b/luk/20/40.md index e00275574b..48ea8efece 100644 --- a/luk/20/40.md +++ b/luk/20/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is unclear if this refers to the scribes, or the Sadducees, or both. It is be # they did not dare ask him any more questions "they were afraid to ask him any more questions" or "they did not risk asking him any more questions." They understood that they did not know as much as Jesus did, but they did not want to say that. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "they did not ask him any more tricky questions because they feared that his wise answers would make them appear foolish again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/41.md b/luk/20/41.md index 9a17b94d85..e7cb6589f7 100644 --- a/luk/20/41.md +++ b/luk/20/41.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The prophets, the religious rulers, and the Jewish people in general knew that t # David's son "King David's descendant." The word "son" is used here to refer to a descendant. In this case it refers to the one who would reign over God's kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/42.md b/luk/20/42.md index b413f5111b..c25fe077c6 100644 --- a/luk/20/42.md +++ b/luk/20/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David was referring to the Christ as "my Lord." # Sit at my right hand To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "Sit in the place of honor beside me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/43.md b/luk/20/43.md index 523bf8118a..b44c90046e 100644 --- a/luk/20/43.md +++ b/luk/20/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until I make your enemies your footstool The Messiah's enemies are spoken of as if they were furniture on which he would rest his feet. This was an image of submission. Alternate translation: "until I make your enemies like a footstool for you" or "until I conquer your enemies for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/44.md b/luk/20/44.md index 8a8a7ef3ea..1bfb6b6b5b 100644 --- a/luk/20/44.md +++ b/luk/20/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In the culture of that time, a father was more respected than a son. David's us # so how is he David's son? "so how can the Christ be David's son?" This can be a statement. Alternate translation: "and this shows that the Christ is not merely David's descendant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/45.md b/luk/20/45.md index b74390a208..9be56a436b 100644 --- a/luk/20/45.md +++ b/luk/20/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Jesus now directs his attention to his disciples and speaks mainly to them. - diff --git a/luk/20/46.md b/luk/20/46.md index 1f8a129568..685db7fc4c 100644 --- a/luk/20/46.md +++ b/luk/20/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who desire to walk in long robes Long robes would show that they were important. Alternate translation: "who like to walk around wearing their important robes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/47.md b/luk/20/47.md index 650c495f12..4f925a498e 100644 --- a/luk/20/47.md +++ b/luk/20/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Men like this will receive greater condemnation "They will receive a more severe judgment." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will certainly punish them very severely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/20/intro.md b/luk/20/intro.md index b732c059c4..9cdfe0f84d 100644 --- a/luk/20/intro.md +++ b/luk/20/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Luke 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 20:17, 42-43, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Using questions to trap people +### Using questions to trap people When Jesus asked the Pharisees who gave John the authority to baptize ([Luke 20:4](../../luk/20/04.md)), they could not answer because any answer they gave would give someone a reason to say that they were wrong ([Luke 20:5-6](./05.md)). They thought that they would be able to say that Jesus was wrong when they asked him if people should pay taxes to Caesar ([Luke 20:22](../../luk/20/22.md)), but Jesus gave them an answer that they had not thought of. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. In this chapter, Jesus quotes a psalm that records David calling his son "Lord," that is, "master." However, to the Jews, ancestors were greater than their descendants. In this passage, Jesus is trying to lead his hearers to the true understanding that the Messiah will himself be divine, and that he himself is the Messiah. ([Luke 20:41-44](./41.md)). @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. In * __[Luke 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/21/01.md b/luk/21/01.md index af72029a4e..c9c85690e3 100644 --- a/luk/21/01.md +++ b/luk/21/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit what the gifts are. Alternate translation: "gifts # treasury The "treasury" means the boxes in the temple courtyard where people put money as a gift to God. - diff --git a/luk/21/02.md b/luk/21/02.md index 22ebb2cbe4..1393aa7e7a 100644 --- a/luk/21/02.md +++ b/luk/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a way of introducing a new character to the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # two mites "two small coins" or "two tiny copper coins." These were the least valuable of the coins people used then. Alternate translation: "two pennies" or "two small coins of little value" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/03.md b/luk/21/03.md index 3e784f3b8e..e640b02789 100644 --- a/luk/21/03.md +++ b/luk/21/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus was talking to his disciples. The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta # this poor widow put in more than all of them God considers her gift, a small amount of money, more significant than the large amounts of money the men gave. Alternate translation: "the small gift of this widow is more valuable than the larger gifts of the rich men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/04.md b/luk/21/04.md index 149615fc4d..ece9242a48 100644 --- a/luk/21/04.md +++ b/luk/21/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # out of her poverty "who has very little money" - diff --git a/luk/21/05.md b/luk/21/05.md index 4d5774d1c5..ed045491bd 100644 --- a/luk/21/05.md +++ b/luk/21/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus switches from talking about the widow to teaching about the temple. # offerings things people had given to God - diff --git a/luk/21/06.md b/luk/21/06.md index 6459d30169..23ba4e0dba 100644 --- a/luk/21/06.md +++ b/luk/21/06.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ This refers to the beautiful temple and its decorations. "there will be a time when" or "someday" # when not one stone will be left on another which will not be torn down + Jesus uses hyperbole here to emphasize the extent of the devastation that enemies will cause to the temple. The enemies will completely destroy the temple, which is built of stones. Alternate translation: "when all these things will be destroyed" or "when enemies will destroy all of these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) # not one stone will be left on another which will not be torn down @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "every stone will be # left on another which will not be torn down A new sentence can be started here, and it can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "left on another. They will all be torn down" or "left on another. Enemies will tear down every stone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/07.md b/luk/21/07.md index 30739caf14..b9f1d23b10 100644 --- a/luk/21/07.md +++ b/luk/21/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # these things This refers to what Jesus has just said about enemies destroying the temple. - diff --git a/luk/21/08.md b/luk/21/08.md index c138d147d6..1577f6846e 100644 --- a/luk/21/08.md +++ b/luk/21/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People coming in his name claim to represent him. Alternate translation: "claimi # Do not go after them "Do not believe them" or "Do not become their disciples" - diff --git a/luk/21/09.md b/luk/21/09.md index c9e73ff037..4398d8b6f1 100644 --- a/luk/21/09.md +++ b/luk/21/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are: (1) The end of the era in which the disciples to whom Jes # will not happen immediately Implied word can be supplied here. Alternate translation: "will not happen immediately after the wars and riots" or "will not happen immediately after those things happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/10.md b/luk/21/10.md index fe4b273ba7..494e5307ec 100644 --- a/luk/21/10.md +++ b/luk/21/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to ethnic groups of people rather than to countries. # kingdom against kingdom The words "will rise" are understood from the previous phrase and mean attack. Alternate translation: "kingdom will rise against kingdom" or "the people of some kingdoms will attack the people of other kingdoms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/11.md b/luk/21/11.md index 6529a5edeb..0cabd8200a 100644 --- a/luk/21/11.md +++ b/luk/21/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "there will be" are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate tra # terrifying events "events that terrify people" or "events that cause people to be very afraid" - diff --git a/luk/21/12.md b/luk/21/12.md index 4572f492db..4373a9df8b 100644 --- a/luk/21/12.md +++ b/luk/21/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "synagogues" is a metonym for the people in the synagogues, specificall # because of my name The word "name" is here used to refer to Jesus himself. Alternate translation: "because of me" or "because you follow me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/13.md b/luk/21/13.md index b66bb9a61d..5396f34a60 100644 --- a/luk/21/13.md +++ b/luk/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for your testimony "for you to tell them your testimony about me" - diff --git a/luk/21/14.md b/luk/21/14.md index 9adc8378f7..7a817ca9df 100644 --- a/luk/21/14.md +++ b/luk/21/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hearts" is a metonym for people's minds. Alternate translation: "make up y # not to prepare your defense ahead of time "not to figure out ahead of time what you will say in order to defend yourself against their accusations" - diff --git a/luk/21/15.md b/luk/21/15.md index 1ca3f33236..f88b1d84d4 100644 --- a/luk/21/15.md +++ b/luk/21/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These can be combined into one phrase. Alternate translation: "words of wisdom" # contradict show to be false - diff --git a/luk/21/16.md b/luk/21/16.md index 34a88748b1..9609b2ed1f 100644 --- a/luk/21/16.md +++ b/luk/21/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "even your parents # they will put some of you to death "they will kill some of you." Possible meanings are 1) "the authorities will kill some of you" or 2) "those who deliver you up will kill some of you." The first meaning is more likely. - diff --git a/luk/21/17.md b/luk/21/17.md index f3471315a0..2ffd480a89 100644 --- a/luk/21/17.md +++ b/luk/21/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. The word "everyone" emphasizes how many p # because of my name "my name" here refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: "because of me" or "because you follow me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/18.md b/luk/21/18.md index 1999e18dc9..57d0a67b65 100644 --- a/luk/21/18.md +++ b/luk/21/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But not a hair from your head will perish Jesus speaks of one of the smallest parts of a person. He is emphasizing that the whole person will not perish. Jesus had already said that some of them would be put to death, so some understand this to mean that they would not be harmed spiritually. Alternate translation: "But these things cannot really harm you" or "Even every hair on your head will be safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/19.md b/luk/21/19.md index be55b3b7b6..bc06383253 100644 --- a/luk/21/19.md +++ b/luk/21/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will gain your lives "you will save yourselves" - diff --git a/luk/21/20.md b/luk/21/20.md index 96885770b1..1c12cdf741 100644 --- a/luk/21/20.md +++ b/luk/21/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "armies surrounding Je # that its desolation is near The word "desolation," which describes a place that is empty, is a metonym for Jerusalem after it has been destroyed and the Jews can no longer live there. Alternate translation: "that it will soon be destroyed" or "that they will soon destroy it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/21.md b/luk/21/21.md index 5cd3746d71..5c491903d4 100644 --- a/luk/21/21.md +++ b/luk/21/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the rural areas outside Jerusalem, and not to the nation. Alterna # enter the city "enter Jerusalem" - diff --git a/luk/21/22.md b/luk/21/22.md index fb2158e3a9..55dae5b46b 100644 --- a/luk/21/22.md +++ b/luk/21/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all the things that t # will be fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/23.md b/luk/21/23.md index 8e229ec50d..9686ac8d31 100644 --- a/luk/21/23.md +++ b/luk/21/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the people of the land will be distressed or 2) there w # wrath to this people "there will be wrath to the people at that time." God will bring this wrath. Alternate translation: "this people will experience God's anger" or "God will be very angry and will punish this people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/24.md b/luk/21/24.md index 8a9ce04c5b..edf6d0e064 100644 --- a/luk/21/24.md +++ b/luk/21/24.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This metaphor speaks of Jerusalem as if the people of other nations was walking # the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the period of the Gentiles has come to an end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/25.md b/luk/21/25.md index d06179be86..e386173c4f 100644 --- a/luk/21/25.md +++ b/luk/21/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the nations" refers to the people in them. Alternate translation: "The peo # distress, anxious because of the roar of the sea and waves "distress because they will be anxious about the roar of the sea and its waves" or "distress, and the loud noise of the sea and its rough movements will frighten them." This seems to refer to unusual storms or disasters involving the seas. - diff --git a/luk/21/26.md b/luk/21/26.md index e15e9084c1..33b9aa0de2 100644 --- a/luk/21/26.md +++ b/luk/21/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the powers of the heavens will be shaken This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "God will shake the sun, moon, and stars so they will not move in their normal ways" or 2) "God will trouble the powerful spirits in the heavens." The first is recommended. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/27.md b/luk/21/27.md index ccab11c2ab..83e2e779b4 100644 --- a/luk/21/27.md +++ b/luk/21/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "me, the Son Man, coming" # with power and great glory Here "power" probably refers to his authority to judge the world. Here "glory" may refer to a bright light. God sometimes shows his greatness with a very bright light. Alternate translation: "powerfully and gloriously" or "and he will be powerful and very glorious" - diff --git a/luk/21/28.md b/luk/21/28.md index b94d08e649..183d5ca1a5 100644 --- a/luk/21/28.md +++ b/luk/21/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God, who redeems, is spoken of as if he were the redemption that he causes. The # redemption God rescuing his people from those who want to harm them is spoken of as if he were buying back people who had become slaves because they could not pay their debts. Alternate translation: "rescue" or "salvation" - diff --git a/luk/21/29.md b/luk/21/29.md index de9ab8c2e5..e02049b99d 100644 --- a/luk/21/29.md +++ b/luk/21/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: As Jesus continues teaching his disciples, he tells them a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/30.md b/luk/21/30.md index 2ecc17942f..0fde96ab19 100644 --- a/luk/21/30.md +++ b/luk/21/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # summer is already near "summer is about to start." Summer in Israel follows the sprouting of fig tree leaves and is the time when the figs ripen. Alternate translation: "harvest time is ready to start" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/31.md b/luk/21/31.md index 005a1a57e6..5b968eaefe 100644 --- a/luk/21/31.md +++ b/luk/21/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The appearance of the signs that Jesus just described signal the arrival of the # the kingdom of God is near "God will soon establish his kingdom." Alternate translation: "God will soon rule as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/32.md b/luk/21/32.md index f710b4e0ce..6d04363484 100644 --- a/luk/21/32.md +++ b/luk/21/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the generation that will see the first of the signs Jes # will not pass away until This could be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "will still be alive when" - diff --git a/luk/21/33.md b/luk/21/33.md index 09b124a228..20a7c7b7c2 100644 --- a/luk/21/33.md +++ b/luk/21/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # will never pass away This could be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "will remain forever" - diff --git a/luk/21/34.md b/luk/21/34.md index fde777559d..339f0e00e9 100644 --- a/luk/21/34.md +++ b/luk/21/34.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The rest of this sentence, "like a trap," is in verse 35. Just as a trap closes # that day This refers to the day when the Messiah returns. Alternate translation: "the day when the Son of Man comes" - diff --git a/luk/21/35.md b/luk/21/35.md index 947a10874b..42d11b988d 100644 --- a/luk/21/35.md +++ b/luk/21/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The first part of this statement, “that day does not close on you suddenly,” # on the face of the whole earth The surface of the earth is spoken of as if it were the outward part of the face of a person. Alternate translation: "on the surface of the whole earth" or "on the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/21/36.md b/luk/21/36.md index d039627bb1..6beb4352af 100644 --- a/luk/21/36.md +++ b/luk/21/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "strong enough to endure these things" or 2) "able to a # to stand before the Son of Man "to stand with confidence before the Son of Man." This probably refers to when the Son of Man judges everyone. A person who is not ready will be afraid of the Son of Man and will not stand with confidence. - diff --git a/luk/21/37.md b/luk/21/37.md index a556bf6d2a..4cb680b9f7 100644 --- a/luk/21/37.md +++ b/luk/21/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Only priests were allowed in the temple. Alternate translation: "at the temple" # at night he went out "at night he would go out of the city" or "he went out each night" - diff --git a/luk/21/38.md b/luk/21/38.md index 86a20f6c5b..4d1513cc1e 100644 --- a/luk/21/38.md +++ b/luk/21/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "all" is probably an exaggeration to emphasize that the crowd was very # to hear him in the temple "to hear him teach in the temple courtyard" - diff --git a/luk/21/intro.md b/luk/21/intro.md index 02624d9ea9..3709165c32 100644 --- a/luk/21/intro.md +++ b/luk/21/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Luke 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Jesus told his disciples much about what would happen before he returned. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "For many will come in my name, saying, 'I am he,'" +### "For many will come in my name, saying, 'I am he,'" Jesus taught that before he returned many people would falsely claim to be him returning. It will also be a time when many people will hate Jesus's followers and even want to kill them. -#### "Until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled" +### "Until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled" The Jews spoke of the time between when the Babylonians forced their ancestors to go to Babylon and the time when the Messiah would come as "the times of the Gentiles," the time when the Gentiles would rule over the Jews. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 21:27](../../luk/21/27.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 21:27](../../ * __[Luke 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/22/01.md b/luk/22/01.md index 6bbf52a3dd..f0520dabec 100644 --- a/luk/22/01.md +++ b/luk/22/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The festival was called by this name because during the festival the Jews did no # was approaching "was almost ready to begin" - diff --git a/luk/22/02.md b/luk/22/02.md index 5ebae719b4..49f77ea511 100644 --- a/luk/22/02.md +++ b/luk/22/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The priests and scribes did not have the authority to kill Jesus themselves, but # afraid of the people Possible meanings are 1) "scared of what the people might do" or 2) "scared that the people would make Jesus king." - diff --git a/luk/22/03.md b/luk/22/03.md index 51a3a4a1dd..58540aca0e 100644 --- a/luk/22/03.md +++ b/luk/22/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the beginning of the action in this part of the story. # Satan entered into Judas, the one called Iscariot What happened might have been similar to demon possession, but other demon-possessed people are obviously unable to control any of their own actions. Here Judas Iscariot seems to do everything he desires, but Satan was somehow at work in a special way. Whatever the intended meaning, Satan "entering" Judas Iscariot is a metaphor for Satan taking control of Judas Iscariot. Alternate translation: "Satan took control of Judas, the one called Iscariot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/04.md b/luk/22/04.md index 6aa44e0ef5..cfe58db17e 100644 --- a/luk/22/04.md +++ b/luk/22/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ officers of the temple guards # how he would betray Jesus to them "how he would help them arrest Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/22/05.md b/luk/22/05.md index a63f3ad871..debef25f2d 100644 --- a/luk/22/05.md +++ b/luk/22/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to give him money "to give Judas money" - diff --git a/luk/22/06.md b/luk/22/06.md index 77863920a9..cd6cc0b726 100644 --- a/luk/22/06.md +++ b/luk/22/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an ongoing action that continues after this part of the story ends. (See # away from the crowd "privately" or "when there was no crowd around him" - diff --git a/luk/22/07.md b/luk/22/07.md index ce0ae46aa9..d13ce1157f 100644 --- a/luk/22/07.md +++ b/luk/22/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus sends Peter and John to prepare for the Passover meal. This verse gives ba # the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed Each family or group of people would kill a lamb and eat it together, so many lambs were killed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people had to kill a lamb for their Passover meal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/08.md b/luk/22/08.md index 4f7d0678b9..012bdf9fee 100644 --- a/luk/22/08.md +++ b/luk/22/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a general word meaning "make ready." Jesus was not necessarily telling P # so that we may eat it Jesus was including Peter and John when he said "we." Peter and John would be part of the group of the disciples that would eat the meal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/09.md b/luk/22/09.md index 1448cf9763..e414aaa30a 100644 --- a/luk/22/09.md +++ b/luk/22/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "us" does not include Jesus. Jesus would not be part of the group that # make preparations "make preparations for the meal" or "prepare the meal" - diff --git a/luk/22/10.md b/luk/22/10.md index 75cfe9fb2b..8fd7c09485 100644 --- a/luk/22/10.md +++ b/luk/22/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus used this word to tell them to pay close attention and to do exactly what # Follow him into the house "Follow him, and go into the house" - diff --git a/luk/22/11.md b/luk/22/11.md index 3e655d1e41..acae7d3296 100644 --- a/luk/22/11.md +++ b/luk/22/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Jesus. # eat the Passover "eat the Passover meal" - diff --git a/luk/22/12.md b/luk/22/12.md index 51aa39132a..affa63eea9 100644 --- a/luk/22/12.md +++ b/luk/22/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues giving instructions to Peter and John. # upper room "room upstairs." If your community does not have houses with rooms above other rooms, you may need to consider how to describe buildings in the city. - diff --git a/luk/22/13.md b/luk/22/13.md index dbaace4742..f15c23e7e3 100644 --- a/luk/22/13.md +++ b/luk/22/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So they went "So Peter and John went" - diff --git a/luk/22/14.md b/luk/22/14.md index b17f31a328..749f8b8140 100644 --- a/luk/22/14.md +++ b/luk/22/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the next event in the part of the story about the Passover. Jesus and hi # he sat down "Jesus sat down" - diff --git a/luk/22/15.md b/luk/22/15.md index aab6cfc950..7766b52b93 100644 --- a/luk/22/15.md +++ b/luk/22/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # before I suffer Jesus is referring ahead to his death. The word for "suffer" here means to go through an unusually difficult or painful experience. - diff --git a/luk/22/16.md b/luk/22/16.md index fbd2f4c345..be4b5e995d 100644 --- a/luk/22/16.md +++ b/luk/22/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses this phrase to emphasize the importance of what he will say next. # until it is fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) until the purpose of the Passover Festival is accomplished. Alternate translation: "until God fulfills it" or "until God completes the purpose of the Passover Festival" or 2) "until we celebrate the final Passover Festival" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/17.md b/luk/22/17.md index 6bfd622fe8..ca860a29cf 100644 --- a/luk/22/17.md +++ b/luk/22/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # share it among yourselves They were to share the contents of the cup, and not the cup itself. Alternate translation: "share the wine in the cup among yourselves" or "each of you drink some of the wine from the cup" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/18.md b/luk/22/18.md index e8584566e5..b8d212d7e2 100644 --- a/luk/22/18.md +++ b/luk/22/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the juice that is squeezed from the grapes that grow on grapevine # until the kingdom of God comes "until God establishes his kingdom" or "until God rules in his kingdom" - diff --git a/luk/22/19.md b/luk/22/19.md index df9ca6ec33..8f468891f5 100644 --- a/luk/22/19.md +++ b/luk/22/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my body, which I will # in remembrance of me "in order to remember me" - diff --git a/luk/22/20.md b/luk/22/20.md index 96b5c8f66f..d995bef4c6 100644 --- a/luk/22/20.md +++ b/luk/22/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "cup" refers to the wine in the cup. Alternate translation: "The wine i # the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you Here "blood, which is poured out" represents death. Jesus's death will establish the new covenant that God will make with his people. Alternate translation: "the new covenant that God will put into effect because I have shed my blood for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/21.md b/luk/22/21.md index 00090174c8..f0bb8d4f5e 100644 --- a/luk/22/21.md +++ b/luk/22/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to his apostles. # The hand of the one who betrays me The hand here is a synecdoche that refers to the whole person. Jesus speaks of Judas betraying him as if it has already happened. Alternate translation: "The person who is about to betray me" or "The man who is ready to betray me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/22.md b/luk/22/22.md index 917d4622ce..f26fbb1309 100644 --- a/luk/22/22.md +++ b/luk/22/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as God has determined # But woe to that man through whom he is betrayed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But woe to the man who betrays the Son of Man" or "But how terrible it will be for that man who betrays the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/23.md b/luk/22/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/22/23.md +++ b/luk/22/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/22/24.md b/luk/22/24.md index 60a5df7563..7e8509be1b 100644 --- a/luk/22/24.md +++ b/luk/22/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # was considered to be greatest This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "was the most important" or "the people thought was most important" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/25.md b/luk/22/25.md index 2af00100a0..92cec2620c 100644 --- a/luk/22/25.md +++ b/luk/22/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # are called Their people probably did not think that those rulers did good to them. Alternate translation: "like to be called" or "call themselves" - diff --git a/luk/22/26.md b/luk/22/26.md index 4e181a8823..b53861439d 100644 --- a/luk/22/26.md +++ b/luk/22/26.md @@ -10,11 +10,10 @@ Jesus continues teaching his apostles. Older people were respected in that culture. The leaders were usually older people and were called "elders." The youngest person would be the least likely to lead, and the least important. Alternate translation: "the least important" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - # and the one who leads like the one who serves Words from the phrase before this apply to this phrase. Alternate translation: "and let the one who leads become like the one who serves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) + # the one who serves "a servant" - diff --git a/luk/22/27.md b/luk/22/27.md index da9f6e42ea..ed0b03be10 100644 --- a/luk/22/27.md +++ b/luk/22/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus uses another question to teach the disciples. Alternate translation: "Of c # Yet I am among you as one who serves "But I am with you to be a servant" or "But I am with you to show you how a servant acts." The word "yet" is here because there is a contrast between what people would expect Jesus to be like and what he really was like. - diff --git a/luk/22/28.md b/luk/22/28.md index 27e354eed2..d40cc79d77 100644 --- a/luk/22/28.md +++ b/luk/22/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have continued with me in my trials "have stayed with me as I have struggled" or "have stayed with me while Satan has tempted me" - diff --git a/luk/22/29.md b/luk/22/29.md index 63b76a92d4..6a4b76f104 100644 --- a/luk/22/29.md +++ b/luk/22/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some languages may need to change the order. Alternate translation: "Just as my # even as my Father has set me over a kingdom "just as my Father has given me authority to rule as king in his kingdom" - diff --git a/luk/22/30.md b/luk/22/30.md index cdfac64a46..454aac4385 100644 --- a/luk/22/30.md +++ b/luk/22/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will sit on thrones Kings sit on thrones. Sitting on a throne is a symbol of ruling. Alternate translation: "you will work as kings" or "you will do the work of kings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/31.md b/luk/22/31.md index 794653acf0..0fde8190bc 100644 --- a/luk/22/31.md +++ b/luk/22/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "you" refers to all of the apostles. Languages that have different form # sift you as wheat This means that Satan wanted to test the disciples to find something wrong. Alternate translation: "test you like someone passes grain through a sieve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/32.md b/luk/22/32.md index 28463b2f83..24271c0d83 100644 --- a/luk/22/32.md +++ b/luk/22/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "turned back again" is a metaphor for starting to believe in someone again. # your brothers This refers to the other disciples. Alternate translation: "your fellow believers" or "the other disciples" - diff --git a/luk/22/33.md b/luk/22/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/22/33.md +++ b/luk/22/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/22/34.md b/luk/22/34.md index e68fc021da..8ee1638770 100644 --- a/luk/22/34.md +++ b/luk/22/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a bird that calls out loudly around the time the sun comes up # this day The Jewish day begins at sunset. Jesus was speaking after the sun had set. The rooster would crow just before morning. The morning was part of "this day." Alternate translation: "tonight" or "in the morning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/35.md b/luk/22/35.md index 28d6b624f7..1453a6f859 100644 --- a/luk/22/35.md +++ b/luk/22/35.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A purse is a bag for holding money. Here it is used to refer to "money." (See: [ # Nothing It may be helpful to some audiences to include more about the conversation. Alternate translation: "We did not lack anything" or "We had everything we needed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/36.md b/luk/22/36.md index fe5c2ef7b4..458e42cbe4 100644 --- a/luk/22/36.md +++ b/luk/22/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus was not referring to a specific person who did not have a sword. Alternate # cloak "coat" or "outer garment" - diff --git a/luk/22/37.md b/luk/22/37.md index f94f6cc8fd..35def1d756 100644 --- a/luk/22/37.md +++ b/luk/22/37.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here Jesus is quoting the scriptures. This can be stated in active form. Alterna # For what is predicted about me is being fulfilled Possible meanings are 1) "For what the prophet predicted about me is about to happen" or 2) "For my life is coming to an end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/38.md b/luk/22/38.md index 0696a51368..f756bbea7a 100644 --- a/luk/22/38.md +++ b/luk/22/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to at least two of Jesus's apostles. # It is enough Possible meanings are 1) they have enough swords. "We now have enough swords." or 2) Jesus wants them to stop talking about having swords. "No more of this talk about swords." - diff --git a/luk/22/39.md b/luk/22/39.md index a77f564fc9..855bea4a66 100644 --- a/luk/22/39.md +++ b/luk/22/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jesus goes to the Mount of Olives to pray. - diff --git a/luk/22/40.md b/luk/22/40.md index 2b83885571..9de5e2a4ed 100644 --- a/luk/22/40.md +++ b/luk/22/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that you do not enter into temptation "that you are not tempted" or "that nothing tempts you and causes you to sin" - diff --git a/luk/22/41.md b/luk/22/41.md index e7838c190e..779c4508e7 100644 --- a/luk/22/41.md +++ b/luk/22/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # about a stone's throw "about the distance that someone can throw a stone." Alternate translation: "a short distance" or with an estimated measurement like "about thirty meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/42.md b/luk/22/42.md index 4721a6820f..5907230a80 100644 --- a/luk/22/42.md +++ b/luk/22/42.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus refers to what he will soon experience as if it were a cup of bitter liqui # Nevertheless not my will, but yours be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "However, do what is according to your will rather than what is according to my will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/43.md b/luk/22/43.md index 88f02b8c99..1cd184239b 100644 --- a/luk/22/43.md +++ b/luk/22/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # strengthening him "encouraging him" - diff --git a/luk/22/44.md b/luk/22/44.md index 5a3cc7beb9..f4e6a8ee10 100644 --- a/luk/22/44.md +++ b/luk/22/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # his sweat became like great drops of blood falling down upon the ground "his sweat was falling to the ground like large drops of blood" - diff --git a/luk/22/45.md b/luk/22/45.md index af10ed6a0e..a15a8e8df6 100644 --- a/luk/22/45.md +++ b/luk/22/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # found them sleeping because of their sorrow "saw that they were sleeping because they were tired from their sadness" - diff --git a/luk/22/46.md b/luk/22/46.md index f4c0cc0b98..87020210f3 100644 --- a/luk/22/46.md +++ b/luk/22/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "I am surprised that you are sleeping now." or 2) "You # that you may not enter into temptation "so that you may not be tempted" or "so that nothing tempts you and causes you to sin" - diff --git a/luk/22/47.md b/luk/22/47.md index 00659d957f..94555d5b63 100644 --- a/luk/22/47.md +++ b/luk/22/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Judas was showing the people where Jesus was. He was not telling the crowd what # to kiss him "to greet him with a kiss" or "to greet him by kissing him." When men greeted other men who were family or friends, they would kiss them on one cheek or both cheeks. If your readers would find it embarrassing to say that a man would kiss another man, you could translate it in a more general way: "to give him a friendly greeting." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/48.md b/luk/22/48.md index 9fabe2077b..7114a29312 100644 --- a/luk/22/48.md +++ b/luk/22/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to rebuke Judas for betraying him with a kiss. Normally a # the Son of Man with Jesus is using this term to refer to himself. Alternate translation: "me, the Son of Man, with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/49.md b/luk/22/49.md index 7de1014054..f4407c9d91 100644 --- a/luk/22/49.md +++ b/luk/22/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the priests and soldiers coming to arrest Jesus. # strike with the sword The question is about the type of fight they should engage in (a sword fight), not what weapon they should use (the swords that they brought, [Luke 22:38](../22/38.md)), but your translation may need to speak of the weapons they brought. Alternate translation: "fight against them with the swords we brought" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/50.md b/luk/22/50.md index baeadfbd99..72781e5044 100644 --- a/luk/22/50.md +++ b/luk/22/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # struck the servant of the high priest "struck the servant of the high priest with a sword" - diff --git a/luk/22/51.md b/luk/22/51.md index ae4be2025b..fc04f937a5 100644 --- a/luk/22/51.md +++ b/luk/22/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # touched his ear "touched the servant where his ear had been cut off" - diff --git a/luk/22/52.md b/luk/22/52.md index b8e0b91673..a9971e0dd5 100644 --- a/luk/22/52.md +++ b/luk/22/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you come out as against a robber, with swords and clubs? "Do you come out with swords and clubs because you think I am a robber?" Jesus uses this question to scold the Jewish leaders. Alternate translation: "You know that I am not a robber, yet you come out to me bringing swords and clubs." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/53.md b/luk/22/53.md index c7212da433..fbff33e93c 100644 --- a/luk/22/53.md +++ b/luk/22/53.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In this verse, to lay hands on someone is to arrest that person. Alternate trans # the authority of darkness It may be helpful to repeat the reference to time. "Darkness" is a metonym for Satan. Alternate translation: "the time of the authority of darkness" or "the time when God is allowing Satan to do whatever he wants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/54.md b/luk/22/54.md index 6bc6ae72a8..df98c81661 100644 --- a/luk/22/54.md +++ b/luk/22/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # into the high priest's house "into the courtyard of the high priest's house" - diff --git a/luk/22/55.md b/luk/22/55.md index 0a20378cde..97d7c5caf7 100644 --- a/luk/22/55.md +++ b/luk/22/55.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the courtyard at the high priest's house. It had walls around it, but n # in the midst of them "together with them" - diff --git a/luk/22/56.md b/luk/22/56.md index f89a4e528f..755c4c590f 100644 --- a/luk/22/56.md +++ b/luk/22/56.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ He sat near the fire and its line shone on him. # This man also was with him The woman was telling the people about Peter being with Jesus. She probably did not know Peter's name. - diff --git a/luk/22/57.md b/luk/22/57.md index 4c3dc93284..e96b2a6d46 100644 --- a/luk/22/57.md +++ b/luk/22/57.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Woman, I do not know him Peter did not know the woman's name. He was not insulting her by calling her "woman." If people would think he was insulting her, you could use a culturally acceptable way for a man to address a woman he does not know, or you could leave out the word. - diff --git a/luk/22/58.md b/luk/22/58.md index 879b102aad..ae01786d56 100644 --- a/luk/22/58.md +++ b/luk/22/58.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Man, I am not Peter did not know the man's name. He was not insulting him by calling him "Man." If people would think he was insulting him, you could use a culturally acceptable way for a man to address a man he does not know, or you could leave out the word. - diff --git a/luk/22/59.md b/luk/22/59.md index b5124ae4d9..871373fe1a 100644 --- a/luk/22/59.md +++ b/luk/22/59.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "this man" refers to Peter. The speaker probably did not know Peter's name. # he is a Galilean The man could probably tell Peter was from Galilee from the way he talked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/60.md b/luk/22/60.md index 6cd741e665..b9b0c58a63 100644 --- a/luk/22/60.md +++ b/luk/22/60.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Peter did not know the man's name. He was not insulting him by calling him "Man. # a rooster crowed Roosters often crow just before the sun appears in the morning. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Luke 22:34](../22/34.md). - diff --git a/luk/22/61.md b/luk/22/61.md index 7b2a11218f..3d7505084e 100644 --- a/luk/22/61.md +++ b/luk/22/61.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The Jewish day started at sundown and continued to the next evening. Jesus had s # deny me three times "deny three times that you know me" - diff --git a/luk/22/62.md b/luk/22/62.md index 2a2557b67e..707ed110f6 100644 --- a/luk/22/62.md +++ b/luk/22/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Peter went outside "Peter went out of the courtyard" - diff --git a/luk/22/63.md b/luk/22/63.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/22/63.md +++ b/luk/22/63.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/22/64.md b/luk/22/64.md index b7a2b6ed58..efefb645f3 100644 --- a/luk/22/64.md +++ b/luk/22/64.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The guards did not believe that Jesus was a prophet. Rather, they believed that # Prophesy! "Speak words from God!" The implied information is that God would have to tell Jesus who struck him since Jesus was blindfolded and could not see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/65.md b/luk/22/65.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/22/65.md +++ b/luk/22/65.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/22/66.md b/luk/22/66.md index e360a1be2c..ba2bec37d7 100644 --- a/luk/22/66.md +++ b/luk/22/66.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is now the next day and Jesus is brought before the council. # They led him into the Council Possible meanings are 1) "The elders had Jesus brought into the Council" or 2) "The guards led Jesus into the council of the elders." Some languages may avoid saying who led him by using the pronoun "they" or by using a passive verb: "Jesus was led into the council" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/67.md b/luk/22/67.md index cf13dbcc9f..5c180756eb 100644 --- a/luk/22/67.md +++ b/luk/22/67.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A new sentence can be started here if a period is put at the end of the previous # If I tell you, you will not believe This was a way for Jesus to respond without giving them a reason to say that he was guilty of blasphemy. Alternate translation: "If I tell you, you will not believe me" - diff --git a/luk/22/68.md b/luk/22/68.md index 92e48a6a78..0b8f077cf8 100644 --- a/luk/22/68.md +++ b/luk/22/68.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if I ask you, you will not answer This was a way for Jesus to rebuke them without giving them a reason to convict him. These words, along with "If I tell you, you will not believe" (verse 67), show that Jesus did not believe that the council really wanted to know the truth. - diff --git a/luk/22/69.md b/luk/22/69.md index 27aa58f102..2d33960cae 100644 --- a/luk/22/69.md +++ b/luk/22/69.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor # the power of God "the all-powerful God." Here "power" refers to his supreme authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/70.md b/luk/22/70.md index 548469044d..b723d0a937 100644 --- a/luk/22/70.md +++ b/luk/22/70.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sono # You say that I am "Yes, it is just like you say" - diff --git a/luk/22/71.md b/luk/22/71.md index 774bf11fd6..e47e8c0c45 100644 --- a/luk/22/71.md +++ b/luk/22/71.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They use a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "We have no further nee # heard from his own mouth The phrase "his own mouth" refers to his speech. Alternate translation: "heard him say himself that he was the Son of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/22/intro.md b/luk/22/intro.md index 876c36b705..95a3b770ce 100644 --- a/luk/22/intro.md +++ b/luk/22/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Luke 22 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The eating of the body and blood +### The eating of the body and blood [Luke 22:19-20](./19.md) describes Jesus's last meal with his followers. At that time, Jesus told them that what they were eating and drinking were his body and his blood. Nearly all Christian churches celebrate "the Lord's Supper," the "Eucharist," or "Holy Communion" to remember this meal. -#### The new covenant +### The new covenant Some people think that Jesus established the new covenant during the supper. Others think he established it after he went up to heaven. Others think it will not be established until Jesus comes again. Your translation should say no more about this than the ULB does. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 22:22](../../luk/22/22.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 22:22](../../ * __[Luke 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/23/01.md b/luk/23/01.md index 7985c665cd..1b875f4c31 100644 --- a/luk/23/01.md +++ b/luk/23/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that means that they began to act decisively. (See: [[rc://en/t # before Pilate To appear before someone means to enter into their authority. Alternate translation: "to be judged by Pilate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/02.md b/luk/23/02.md index 903c9eecff..51a339fd1b 100644 --- a/luk/23/02.md +++ b/luk/23/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # to Caesar Caesar represents the Emperor of Rome. Alternate translation: "to the Emperor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/03.md b/luk/23/03.md index c75c47bd64..af47590b20 100644 --- a/luk/23/03.md +++ b/luk/23/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # You say so Possible meanings are 1) by saying this, Jesus implied that he is the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: "Yes, as you said, I am" or "Yes. It is as you said" or 2) by saying this, Jesus was saying that Pilate, not Jesus, was the one calling him the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: "You yourself have said so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/04.md b/luk/23/04.md index 96db548e2b..39a4eb37c4 100644 --- a/luk/23/04.md +++ b/luk/23/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ large groups of people # I find no guilt in this man "I do not find this man guilty of anything" - diff --git a/luk/23/05.md b/luk/23/05.md index 7a2769d4d7..fd458bf33a 100644 --- a/luk/23/05.md +++ b/luk/23/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all Judea, beginning from Galilee even to this place This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "all Judea. He began causing trouble in Galilee and now is causing trouble here" - diff --git a/luk/23/06.md b/luk/23/06.md index d1445254a6..b6529ab732 100644 --- a/luk/23/06.md +++ b/luk/23/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Pilate wanted to know from which area Jesus came because he wanted to have a low # the man This refers to Jesus. - diff --git a/luk/23/07.md b/luk/23/07.md index a686ef254a..c7ebc1faa6 100644 --- a/luk/23/07.md +++ b/luk/23/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to Herod. # in those days "at that time" - diff --git a/luk/23/08.md b/luk/23/08.md index 8453df870d..c0d85b3b06 100644 --- a/luk/23/08.md +++ b/luk/23/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to see him do some ki # sign a miracle that would show that Jesus was more than a mere man - diff --git a/luk/23/09.md b/luk/23/09.md index 0ecf83dc76..cf10816a15 100644 --- a/luk/23/09.md +++ b/luk/23/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # answered him nothing "did not reply" or "did not give Herod an answer" - diff --git a/luk/23/10.md b/luk/23/10.md index 242ca71a65..2132297536 100644 --- a/luk/23/10.md +++ b/luk/23/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # vigorously accusing him They were showing great anger and using strong words and accusing him of many things. - diff --git a/luk/23/11.md b/luk/23/11.md index 6694684085..dc01609338 100644 --- a/luk/23/11.md +++ b/luk/23/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # dressed him in splendid clothes "put beautiful clothes on him." The translation should not imply that this was done to honor or care for Jesus. They did it to mock Jesus and to make fun of him. - diff --git a/luk/23/12.md b/luk/23/12.md index c1fa015cc0..f47c2ea799 100644 --- a/luk/23/12.md +++ b/luk/23/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implied information is that they became friends because Herod appreciated Pi # before this they had been enemies with each other This information is enclosed in parentheses to show that it is background information. Use a format that your audience would understand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/13.md b/luk/23/13.md index b25180d3e9..df65663120 100644 --- a/luk/23/13.md +++ b/luk/23/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the crowd of people It is not likely that Pilate asked a crowd to come. The crowd was probably still there waiting to see what would happen to Jesus. Alternate translation: "the crowd that was still there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/14.md b/luk/23/14.md index 7bed4d1eb0..efcfcf8e8a 100644 --- a/luk/23/14.md +++ b/luk/23/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to Jesus. # find no guilt in this man "do not think that he is guilty" - diff --git a/luk/23/15.md b/luk/23/15.md index 983bb186f8..017e4fc5a9 100644 --- a/luk/23/15.md +++ b/luk/23/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ We can understand what Herod did not do from what Pilate said about himself in v # nothing worthy of death has been done by him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he has not done anything to deserve a death sentence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/16.md b/luk/23/16.md index 1e98312a9e..0895aa1d09 100644 --- a/luk/23/16.md +++ b/luk/23/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will therefore punish him Because Pilate had found no fault in Jesus he should have released him without punishment. It is not necessary to try to make this statement fit logically into the translation. Pilate punished Jesus, whom he knew to be innocent, only because he was afraid of the crowd. - diff --git a/luk/23/17.md b/luk/23/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/23/17.md +++ b/luk/23/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/23/18.md b/luk/23/18.md index f2218df293..dad4d398b5 100644 --- a/luk/23/18.md +++ b/luk/23/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Verse 19 tells us background information about who Barabbas is. (See: [[rc://en/ # release to us "us" refers to the crowd only, and not to Pilate and his soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/19.md b/luk/23/19.md index 0956fea83a..1dcc35aa4e 100644 --- a/luk/23/19.md +++ b/luk/23/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the Romans had p # a certain rebellion in the city "trying to persuade the people of the city to rebel against the Roman government" - diff --git a/luk/23/20.md b/luk/23/20.md index fbc1fb2baa..4cdc95c94f 100644 --- a/luk/23/20.md +++ b/luk/23/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # desiring to release Jesus "because he wanted to set Jesus free" - diff --git a/luk/23/21.md b/luk/23/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/23/21.md +++ b/luk/23/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/23/22.md b/luk/23/22.md index b9e48cfb61..3520f03154 100644 --- a/luk/23/22.md +++ b/luk/23/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ As in [Luke 23:16](../23/16.md), Pilate should have released Jesus without punis # I will release him "I will set him free" - diff --git a/luk/23/23.md b/luk/23/23.md index 834714e089..c54ccff657 100644 --- a/luk/23/23.md +++ b/luk/23/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for Pilate to have hi # Their voices convinced Pilate "The crowd kept shouting until they convinced Pilate" - diff --git a/luk/23/24.md b/luk/23/24.md index f00f44911f..7ec2219e93 100644 --- a/luk/23/24.md +++ b/luk/23/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to grant their demand "to do what the crowd requested" - diff --git a/luk/23/25.md b/luk/23/25.md index 44fcee505e..70af78a99a 100644 --- a/luk/23/25.md +++ b/luk/23/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is background information about where Barrabas was at that time. It can be # he delivered up Jesus to their will "Pilate commanded the soldiers to bring Jesus to them to do whatever the crowd wanted to do" - diff --git a/luk/23/26.md b/luk/23/26.md index 6b1ee320d6..30cf7b801d 100644 --- a/luk/23/26.md +++ b/luk/23/26.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The Roman soldiers had the authority to compel people to carry their loads. Do n # following Jesus "and he followed behind Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/23/27.md b/luk/23/27.md index 1f9144d64a..655b3b3894 100644 --- a/luk/23/27.md +++ b/luk/23/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The woman were part of the large crowd, and not a separate crowd. # were following him This does not mean that they were Jesus's disciples. It simply means they were walking along behind him. - diff --git a/luk/23/28.md b/luk/23/28.md index 294fefa953..c33126a47e 100644 --- a/luk/23/28.md +++ b/luk/23/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "daughter" of a city means the women of the city. This was not rude. It was # do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children The person is a metonym for what happens to the person. Alternate translation: "do not weep about the bad things that will happen to me. Instead, weep because worse things will happen to you and to your children" or "you are weeping because bad things are happening to me, but you will weep even more when worse things happen to you and your children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/29.md b/luk/23/29.md index 0a9a669b14..9b9b99c3bd 100644 --- a/luk/23/29.md +++ b/luk/23/29.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ These clauses are used to more fully describe "the barren." Those women neither # they This can refer to either the Romans or the Jewish leaders, or to people in general. - diff --git a/luk/23/30.md b/luk/23/30.md index 5508325372..e4ccec6ed0 100644 --- a/luk/23/30.md +++ b/luk/23/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ at that time # to the hills Words are left out to keep the phrase short. Alternate translation: "they will say to the hills" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/31.md b/luk/23/31.md index 00f51b6138..359f44ab8d 100644 --- a/luk/23/31.md +++ b/luk/23/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The green tree is a metaphor for something that is good. If your language has a # it is dry The dry wood is a metaphor for something that will be useful only to burn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/32.md b/luk/23/32.md index 25c4ba8efc..f148c7e9a5 100644 --- a/luk/23/32.md +++ b/luk/23/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The soldiers led away # Other men, two criminals "Two other men who were criminals" or "Two criminals." Luke avoids saying "other criminals" because Jesus was innocent, even though he was treated as a criminal. Luke calls the other two men criminals, but not Jesus. - diff --git a/luk/23/33.md b/luk/23/33.md index 3733c971ff..ef092ef817 100644 --- a/luk/23/33.md +++ b/luk/23/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" includes the soldiers, the criminals, and Jesus. # one on his right and one on his left "they crucified one criminal on Jesus's right side and the other criminal on Jesus's left side" - diff --git a/luk/23/34.md b/luk/23/34.md index 735e894dd7..b9e6ba8c8b 100644 --- a/luk/23/34.md +++ b/luk/23/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The soldiers participated in a type of gambling. Alternate translation: "they ga # cast lots, dividing up his garments "cast lots to decide who among the soldiers would take home each piece of Jesus's clothing" - diff --git a/luk/23/35.md b/luk/23/35.md index d78d91b008..ae38e18ec6 100644 --- a/luk/23/35.md +++ b/luk/23/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Luke records the ironic words of the rulers. The only way Jesus could save other # the chosen one "the one that God has chosen" - diff --git a/luk/23/36.md b/luk/23/36.md index 0176f45722..9dfd59141c 100644 --- a/luk/23/36.md +++ b/luk/23/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus # offering him vinegar "offering Jesus vinegar to drink." Vinegar is a cheap drink that common people drink. The soldiers were mocking Jesus by giving a cheap drink to someone who claims to be a king. - diff --git a/luk/23/37.md b/luk/23/37.md index c3bd9fda4a..153009ebed 100644 --- a/luk/23/37.md +++ b/luk/23/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If you are the King of the Jews, save yourself The soldiers were mocking Jesus. Alternate translation: "We do not believe you are the King of the Jews, but if you are, prove us wrong by saving yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/38.md b/luk/23/38.md index 94d9b0de37..349d33eb6d 100644 --- a/luk/23/38.md +++ b/luk/23/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # This is the King of the Jews The people who put this sign above Jesus were mocking him. They did not really think he was a king. - diff --git a/luk/23/39.md b/luk/23/39.md index 2037f7f4fa..33c2603619 100644 --- a/luk/23/39.md +++ b/luk/23/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The criminal uses a question to mock Jesus. Alternate translation: "You claim to # Save yourself and us The criminal did not really think that Jesus could rescue them from the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/40.md b/luk/23/40.md index 233fb9ecb4..aa96d65d1d 100644 --- a/luk/23/40.md +++ b/luk/23/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The criminal uses a question to scold the other criminal. Alternate translation: # you are under the same sentence of condemnation "the government has condemned you to be punished in the same way" - diff --git a/luk/23/41.md b/luk/23/41.md index 6ee739f905..ba32442b00 100644 --- a/luk/23/41.md +++ b/luk/23/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These usages of "we" refer only to the two criminals, and not to Jesus or the ot # this man This refers to Jesus. - diff --git a/luk/23/42.md b/luk/23/42.md index 012fe2d39a..d0892b6682 100644 --- a/luk/23/42.md +++ b/luk/23/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # come into your kingdom To "come into" a kingdom means to begin to rule. Alternate translation: "begin to rule as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/43.md b/luk/23/43.md index ca43dcbc9a..93a414e42e 100644 --- a/luk/23/43.md +++ b/luk/23/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # paradise This is the place that righteous people go to when they die. Jesus was assuring the man that he would be with God and God would accept him. Alternate translation: "the place where the righteous people live" or "the place where people live well" - diff --git a/luk/23/44.md b/luk/23/44.md index 844a35693f..aee9e35e35 100644 --- a/luk/23/44.md +++ b/luk/23/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # until the ninth hour "until 3 p.m." This reflects the custom at the time of counting hours beginning with daybreak at 6 a.m. - diff --git a/luk/23/45.md b/luk/23/45.md index 0d7f3cf7a6..9904720011 100644 --- a/luk/23/45.md +++ b/luk/23/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not refer to sundown. Rather, the light of the sun turned dark during # the curtain of the temple was split in two "the curtain of the temple was torn into two pieces." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God tore the temple curtain into two pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/46.md b/luk/23/46.md index 35f5f9344a..30328511fc 100644 --- a/luk/23/46.md +++ b/luk/23/46.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # he died "Jesus died" - diff --git a/luk/23/47.md b/luk/23/47.md index 1ef2052cec..ce02a99282 100644 --- a/luk/23/47.md +++ b/luk/23/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all the things that h # this was a righteous man "this man did nothing wrong" or "this man did not do anything wrong" - diff --git a/luk/23/48.md b/luk/23/48.md index 79f7eb81f5..055526e147 100644 --- a/luk/23/48.md +++ b/luk/23/48.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what had happened" (S # beating their breasts This was a symbol of sorrow and regret. Alternate translation: "hitting their own chests to show that they were sorrowful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/49.md b/luk/23/49.md index 54ccdd668b..99af960b6c 100644 --- a/luk/23/49.md +++ b/luk/23/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # these things "what happened" - diff --git a/luk/23/50.md b/luk/23/50.md index 856a6527f6..28fe03a6d0 100644 --- a/luk/23/50.md +++ b/luk/23/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have # the Council "the Jewish Council" - diff --git a/luk/23/51.md b/luk/23/51.md index c3a4d16cf6..dc828325ee 100644 --- a/luk/23/51.md +++ b/luk/23/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ What the decision was can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "with either # a city of the Jews "a city in which most people were Jews" - diff --git a/luk/23/52.md b/luk/23/52.md index 50fb6c6fdc..e375e44efb 100644 --- a/luk/23/52.md +++ b/luk/23/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This man, approaching Pilate, asked for the body of Jesus "This man went to Pilate and requested the body of Jesus, to bury it." - diff --git a/luk/23/53.md b/luk/23/53.md index c064b22000..6293893858 100644 --- a/luk/23/53.md +++ b/luk/23/53.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which someone had cut # where no one had ever been laid This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "No one had ever before put a body in that tomb" - diff --git a/luk/23/54.md b/luk/23/54.md index 63d9dd42f0..175514b795 100644 --- a/luk/23/54.md +++ b/luk/23/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the Sabbath was about to begin For the Jews, the day began at sunset. Alternate translation: "it was soon going to be sunset, the start of the Sabbath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/55.md b/luk/23/55.md index f9c4c5caa3..2907f0acef 100644 --- a/luk/23/55.md +++ b/luk/23/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # followed and saw the tomb and how his body was laid This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "walked along behind Joseph and the men who were with him; the women saw the tomb and how the men laid Jesus's body inside the tomb" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/23/56.md b/luk/23/56.md index 01e1e860d2..037120187e 100644 --- a/luk/23/56.md +++ b/luk/23/56.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Because they had had no time to honor Jesus by putting fragrant spices and ointm # according to the commandment "according to the Jewish law" or "as the Jewish law required." According to the law, they were not allowed to prepare his body on the Sabbath. - diff --git a/luk/23/intro.md b/luk/23/intro.md index 6130550f79..6d6160c7e4 100644 --- a/luk/23/intro.md +++ b/luk/23/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,26 @@ # Luke 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the last line of this chapter apart because it is more connected with chapter 24 than with chapter 23. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Accuse +### Accuse The chief priests and scribes accused Jesus of doing evil because they wanted Pilate to kill Jesus. But they were accusing him falsely, because Jesus had never done what they accused him of doing. -#### "The curtain of the temple was split in two" +### "The curtain of the temple was split in two" The curtain in the temple was an important symbol that showed that people needed to have someone speak to God for them. They could not speak to God directly because all people are sinful and God hates sin. God split the curtain to show that Jesus's people can now speak to God directly because Jesus has paid for their sins. -#### The tomb +### The tomb The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Luke 23:53](../../luk/23/53.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "I find no fault in this man" +### "I find no fault in this man" Pilate was saying that he did not know of any reason why he should punish Jesus: Jesus had not broken any laws. Pilate was not saying that Jesus was perfect. @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Pilate was saying that he did not know of any reason why he should punish Jesus: * __[Luke 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/luk/24/01.md b/luk/24/01.md index 2f13b1656a..0ef03c215a 100644 --- a/luk/24/01.md +++ b/luk/24/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This tomb was cut in the rock of a cliff. # bringing the spices These were the same spices they prepared in [Luke 23:56](../23/56.md). - diff --git a/luk/24/02.md b/luk/24/02.md index 564e47ec70..c9ba1ebb96 100644 --- a/luk/24/02.md +++ b/luk/24/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that someone had roll # the stone This was a large, cut, round stone big enough to completely block the doorway to the tomb. It required several men to roll it. - diff --git a/luk/24/03.md b/luk/24/03.md index 9ed1997348..8d9b937529 100644 --- a/luk/24/03.md +++ b/luk/24/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # did not find the body of the Lord Jesus You can state explicitly that they did not find it because it was not there. Alternate translation: "the body of the Lord Jesus was not there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/04.md b/luk/24/04.md index 3752c44e87..9fb5c0f8b8 100644 --- a/luk/24/04.md +++ b/luk/24/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Two angels appear and begin speaking to the women. # It happened This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. - diff --git a/luk/24/05.md b/luk/24/05.md index cae785ae81..0ca882c993 100644 --- a/luk/24/05.md +++ b/luk/24/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The men use a question to mildly criticize the women for looking in a tomb for a # Why do you seek Here "you" is plural, referring to the women who came. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/06.md b/luk/24/06.md index 4bbb3f8b7c..e17711deb5 100644 --- a/luk/24/06.md +++ b/luk/24/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # to you The word "you" is plural. It refers to the women and possibly the other disciples in addition. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/07.md b/luk/24/07.md index 653c5495bb..2d592290b5 100644 --- a/luk/24/07.md +++ b/luk/24/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hands" refers to power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonym # third day The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was raised was the "third day" because it followed the day of his burial and the Sabbath day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/08.md b/luk/24/08.md index 4ce17ccf7d..6f22d8e3bf 100644 --- a/luk/24/08.md +++ b/luk/24/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # remembered his words Here "words" refers to the statement that Jesus made. Alternate translation: "remembered what Jesus said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/09.md b/luk/24/09.md index b79754841b..e0b874ac00 100644 --- a/luk/24/09.md +++ b/luk/24/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The women go to tell the apostles about what they found at the tomb. # the eleven This is Luke's first reference to the "eleven" because there had always been twelve before. But Judas left the twelve and betrayed Jesus. - diff --git a/luk/24/10.md b/luk/24/10.md index 9739b7140a..ec66609573 100644 --- a/luk/24/10.md +++ b/luk/24/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a stop in the main story. Here Luke gives the names of some of the women who came from the tomb and told the apostles what had happened there. - diff --git a/luk/24/11.md b/luk/24/11.md index a26586280e..4b39780095 100644 --- a/luk/24/11.md +++ b/luk/24/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But this message seemed like idle talk to the apostles "But the apostles thought that what the women said was foolish talk" - diff --git a/luk/24/12.md b/luk/24/12.md index bf5fb7188e..db5b42f500 100644 --- a/luk/24/12.md +++ b/luk/24/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Peter had to bend over in order to see inside the tomb because tombs cut in soli # departed to his home "went away to his home" - diff --git a/luk/24/13.md b/luk/24/13.md index 66a3aefa30..1113649051 100644 --- a/luk/24/13.md +++ b/luk/24/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # sixty stadia "eleven kilometers." A "stadium" was 185 meters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/14.md b/luk/24/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/24/14.md +++ b/luk/24/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/24/15.md b/luk/24/15.md index 329b418ae3..90d5f9ed58 100644 --- a/luk/24/15.md +++ b/luk/24/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. It starts with Jesus a # Jesus himself The word "himself" emphasizes the fact that the very Jesus they were talking about actually appeared to them. So far the women had seen the angels, but no one had seen Jesus. - diff --git a/luk/24/16.md b/luk/24/16.md index 41c663daa9..6008836143 100644 --- a/luk/24/16.md +++ b/luk/24/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their eyes were prevented from recognizing him "their eyes were kept from recognizing Jesus." The men's ability to recognize Jesus is spoken of as their eyes' ability to recognize him. This can be stated in active form. It is most likely that it was God who prevented them from recognizing Jesus. Alternate translation: "something happened to them so they could not recognize him" or "God prevented them from recognizing him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/17.md b/luk/24/17.md index a5ae0c92a5..0155e00988 100644 --- a/luk/24/17.md +++ b/luk/24/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus said to them "Jesus said to the two men" - diff --git a/luk/24/18.md b/luk/24/18.md index a997bd5641..999a1c8c72 100644 --- a/luk/24/18.md +++ b/luk/24/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Cleopas uses this question to show his surprise that this man appears not to kno # Are you Here "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/19.md b/luk/24/19.md index 509edec656..b673244661 100644 --- a/luk/24/19.md +++ b/luk/24/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a prophet, mighty in deed and word before God and all the people This means that God caused Jesus to be mighty and that the people saw that he was mighty. Alternate translation: "a prophet to whom God gave power to do and teach great things that were amazing to all the people" - diff --git a/luk/24/20.md b/luk/24/20.md index 6814475d2a..21e0e7f466 100644 --- a/luk/24/20.md +++ b/luk/24/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to be condemned to death and crucified him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "in order for the governor to put Jesus to death by crucifying him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/21.md b/luk/24/21.md index 65be935873..57054a8ccf 100644 --- a/luk/24/21.md +++ b/luk/24/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was rai # since all these things happened "since all the many actions that led up to the death of Jesus have taken place" - diff --git a/luk/24/22.md b/luk/24/22.md index 11e19894df..976fab1c84 100644 --- a/luk/24/22.md +++ b/luk/24/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This introduces another reason why it the men did not understand what was happen # having been at the tomb The women were the ones who were at the tomb. - diff --git a/luk/24/23.md b/luk/24/23.md index ea617ccfc8..f809174dd2 100644 --- a/luk/24/23.md +++ b/luk/24/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a vision of angels "angels in a vision" - diff --git a/luk/24/24.md b/luk/24/24.md index 6ee807c7ee..5b7be7bbbc 100644 --- a/luk/24/24.md +++ b/luk/24/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The two men finish responding to Jesus. # they did not see him "they did not see Jesus" - diff --git a/luk/24/25.md b/luk/24/25.md index c28cfd1fc3..72b559d876 100644 --- a/luk/24/25.md +++ b/luk/24/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is speaking to the two disciples. # slow of heart to believe Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's mind. Alternate translation: "your minds are slow to believe" or "you are slow to believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/26.md b/luk/24/26.md index d7db831be5..de29a974e6 100644 --- a/luk/24/26.md +++ b/luk/24/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to remind the disciples about what the prophets said. Alte # to enter into his glory This refers to Jesus beginning to rule and to receive honor and glory. - diff --git a/luk/24/27.md b/luk/24/27.md index ae5a5c2e35..84e721e002 100644 --- a/luk/24/27.md +++ b/luk/24/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses wrote the first books of the Bible. Alternate translation: "beginning with # Jesus interpreted to them "Jesus explained to them" - diff --git a/luk/24/28.md b/luk/24/28.md index 3042881ff0..af5cc88965 100644 --- a/luk/24/28.md +++ b/luk/24/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus acted as though he were going further The two men understood from his actions that he was going on to another destination. Perhaps he kept walking on the road when they turned off to enter the gate into the village. There is no indication that Jesus deceived them with words. - diff --git a/luk/24/29.md b/luk/24/29.md index e0645d91ef..d853913b2c 100644 --- a/luk/24/29.md +++ b/luk/24/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Jewish day ended at sundown. # stay with them "stay with the two disciples" - diff --git a/luk/24/30.md b/luk/24/30.md index 51e03ee793..460d4653c7 100644 --- a/luk/24/30.md +++ b/luk/24/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to bread made without yeast. It does not refer to food in general. # blessed it "gave thanks for it" or "thanked God for it" - diff --git a/luk/24/31.md b/luk/24/31.md index 5906e6049e..943de45dcd 100644 --- a/luk/24/31.md +++ b/luk/24/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Their "eyes" represent their understanding. This can be stated in active form. A # he vanished out of their sight This means that suddenly he was no longer there. It does not mean that he became invisible. - diff --git a/luk/24/32.md b/luk/24/32.md index 822c20623d..c773e9fa32 100644 --- a/luk/24/32.md +++ b/luk/24/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The two men were speaking to each other. The word "us" is dual inclusive for lan # while he opened to us the scriptures Jesus did not open a book or scroll. "opened" refers to their understanding. Alternate translation: "while he explained the scriptures to us" or "while he enabled us to understand the scriptures" - diff --git a/luk/24/33.md b/luk/24/33.md index 6d02bc5325..699808b52a 100644 --- a/luk/24/33.md +++ b/luk/24/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The two men go to Jerusalem to the eleven disciples to tell them about Jesus. # the eleven This refers to Jesus's apostles. Judas was no longer included with them. - diff --git a/luk/24/34.md b/luk/24/34.md index 180e349d01..5767671c29 100644 --- a/luk/24/34.md +++ b/luk/24/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # saying "and those people told the two men" - diff --git a/luk/24/35.md b/luk/24/35.md index c983dbf336..d09f98d830 100644 --- a/luk/24/35.md +++ b/luk/24/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "how they recognized J # in the breaking of the bread "when Jesus broke the bread" or "when Jesus tore the bread" - diff --git a/luk/24/36.md b/luk/24/36.md index 3389bf441f..a1f272b724 100644 --- a/luk/24/36.md +++ b/luk/24/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "himself" focuses on Jesus and the surprise of Jesus actually appearing # Peace be to you "May you have peace" or "May God give you peace!" The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/37.md b/luk/24/37.md index 425acdf407..d8d319982a 100644 --- a/luk/24/37.md +++ b/luk/24/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # a spirit Here it refers to the spirit of a dead person. - diff --git a/luk/24/38.md b/luk/24/38.md index 25954a9ea9..7c27fca855 100644 --- a/luk/24/38.md +++ b/luk/24/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to comfort them. Alternate translation: "Do not be frighte # Why do questions arise in your heart? Jesus uses a question to mildly rebuke them. Jesus was telling them not to doubt that he was alive. The word "heart" is a metonym for a persons' mind. Alternate translation: "Do not doubt in your minds!" or "Stop doubting!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/39.md b/luk/24/39.md index a0c36b1681..c3b651ae52 100644 --- a/luk/24/39.md +++ b/luk/24/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus asks them to confirm by touch that he is not a ghost. It may be helpful to # flesh and bones This is a way of referring to the physical body. - diff --git a/luk/24/40.md b/luk/24/40.md index a8ecd33430..d4e1627b4d 100644 --- a/luk/24/40.md +++ b/luk/24/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his hands and his feet It is understood that his hands and feet contained the nail marks from his crucifixion that would prove it was really Jesus. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the wounds in his hands and his feet" - diff --git a/luk/24/41.md b/luk/24/41.md index e3880cc80f..f095680bd7 100644 --- a/luk/24/41.md +++ b/luk/24/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They still could not believe it because of joy "They were so full of joy that they still could not believe it was really true" - diff --git a/luk/24/42.md b/luk/24/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/luk/24/42.md +++ b/luk/24/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/luk/24/43.md b/luk/24/43.md index e50eebc3af..6bcdf74430 100644 --- a/luk/24/43.md +++ b/luk/24/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus does this to prove that he has a physical body. Spirits would not be able # before them "in front of them" or "while they were watching" - diff --git a/luk/24/44.md b/luk/24/44.md index f6899c5afb..f018d91a5e 100644 --- a/luk/24/44.md +++ b/luk/24/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God would fulfill all # all that was written in the law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms The words "law of Moses," "the Prophets," and "the Psalms" are proper names for parts of the Hebrew Bible. This can be stated in active form and using common nouns. Alternate translation: "all that Moses wrote in the law, all that the prophets wrote, and all that the writers of the Psalms wrote about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/45.md b/luk/24/45.md index 8f199ab1ab..76a9cf5f47 100644 --- a/luk/24/45.md +++ b/luk/24/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then he opened their minds, that they might understand the scriptures To "open the mind" is an idiom that means to enable someone to understand. Alternate translation: "Then he enabled them to understand the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/46.md b/luk/24/46.md index f172fc6a74..be215849a9 100644 --- a/luk/24/46.md +++ b/luk/24/46.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this verse the words "rise again" mean "come alive again." The words "the dea # the third day The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was raised was the "third day" because it followed the day of his burial and the Sabbath day. See how you translated this in [Luke 24:7](../24/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/47.md b/luk/24/47.md index b306ad556e..d3b9ac6f46 100644 --- a/luk/24/47.md +++ b/luk/24/47.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ His "name" here refers to his authority. Alternate translation: "by the Christ's # beginning from Jerusalem "starting in Jerusalem" - diff --git a/luk/24/48.md b/luk/24/48.md index ea1cb77bf9..3c8bc7066d 100644 --- a/luk/24/48.md +++ b/luk/24/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to the disciples. # You are witnesses "You are to tell others that what you saw about me is true." The disciples had observed Jesus's life, death, and resurrection and could describe to other people what he did. - diff --git a/luk/24/49.md b/luk/24/49.md index acc68bbfd1..e48101c818 100644 --- a/luk/24/49.md +++ b/luk/24/49.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God's power will cover them in the same way that clothes cover a person. This ca # from on high "from above" or "from God" - diff --git a/luk/24/50.md b/luk/24/50.md index adca12b0ee..e207b36f58 100644 --- a/luk/24/50.md +++ b/luk/24/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He lifted up his hands This was the action that priests performed when they blessed the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/51.md b/luk/24/51.md index 8041393599..0b3e8ccfea 100644 --- a/luk/24/51.md +++ b/luk/24/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # was carried Since Luke does not specify who carried Jesus up, we do not know if it was God himself or one or more angels. If your language would have to specify who did the carrying, it would be better to use "went" instead, as the UDB does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/luk/24/52.md b/luk/24/52.md index bb34290f12..99c5200a64 100644 --- a/luk/24/52.md +++ b/luk/24/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These verses tell us about the ongoing actions of the disciples as the story end # and returned "and then returned" - diff --git a/luk/24/53.md b/luk/24/53.md index 8160890fbc..57d06a6027 100644 --- a/luk/24/53.md +++ b/luk/24/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Only priests were allowed into the temple building. Alternate translation: "in t # blessing God "praising God" - diff --git a/luk/24/intro.md b/luk/24/intro.md index e31dd54a0f..6d7bb0c173 100644 --- a/luk/24/intro.md +++ b/luk/24/intro.md @@ -1,30 +1,30 @@ # Luke 24 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The tomb +### The tomb The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Luke 24:1](../../luk/24/01.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter. -#### The faith of the women +### The faith of the women Most of Luke's original readers would have thought of women as less important than men, but Luke carefully shows that some women loved Jesus very much and had more faith than the twelve disciples had. -#### Resurrection +### Resurrection Luke wants his readers to understand that Jesus came alive again in a physical body ([Luke 24:38-43](./38.md)). -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 24:7](../../luk/24/07.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) -#### "On the third day" +### "On the third day" Jesus told his followers that he would become alive again "on the third day" ([Luke 18:33](../../luk/18/33.md)). He died on a Friday afternoon (before sunset) and became alive again on a Sunday, so he became alive again "on the third day" because the Jews said that the day began and ended at sunset, and they counted any part of the day as a day. Friday was the first day, Saturday was the second day, and Sunday was the third day. -#### Two men in bright shining robes +### Two men in bright shining robes Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the women at Jesus's tomb. Two of the authors called them men, but that is only because the angels were in human form. Two of the authors wrote about two angels, but the other two authors wrote about only one of them. It is best to translate each of these passages as it appears in the ULB without trying to make the passages all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 28:1-2](../../mat/28/01.md) and [Mark 16:5](../../mrk/16/05.md) and [Luke 24:4](../../luk/24/04.md) and [John 20:12](../../jhn/20/12.md)) @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the * __[Luke 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/luk/front/intro.md b/luk/front/intro.md index 2ef1c71d81..280e004ef3 100644 --- a/luk/front/intro.md +++ b/luk/front/intro.md @@ -8,11 +8,13 @@ 1. Birth of Jesus and his preparation for his ministry (1:5-4:13) 1. Jesus's ministry in Galilee (4:14-9:50) 1. Jesus's journey to Jerusalem - - Discipleship (9:51-11:13) - - Conflict and Jesus's grief (11:14-14:35) - - Parables about things that are lost and found. Parables about honesty and dishonesty (15:1-16:31) - - Kingdom of God (17:1-19:27) - - Jesus's entry into Jerusalem (19:28-44) + + - Discipleship (9:51-11:13) + - Conflict and Jesus's grief (11:14-14:35) + - Parables about things that are lost and found. Parables about honesty and dishonesty (15:1-16:31) + - Kingdom of God (17:1-19:27) + - Jesus's entry into Jerusalem (19:28-44) + 1. Jesus in Jerusalem (19:45-21:4) 1. Jesus's teaching about his second coming (21:5-36) 1. Jesus's death, burial, and resurrection (22:1-24:53) @@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "The Gospel o ### Who wrote the Book of Luke? -This book does not give the name of the author. The same person who wrote this book also wrote the Book of Acts. In parts of the Book of Acts, the author uses the word "we." This indicates that the author traveled with Paul. Most scholars think that Luke was this person traveling with Paul. Therefore, since early Christian times, most Christians have thought Luke was the author of both the Book of Luke and the Book of Acts. +This book does not give the name of the author. The same person who wrote this book also wrote the Book of Acts. In parts of the Book of Acts, the author uses the word "we." This indicates that the author traveled with Paul. Most scholars think that Luke was this person traveling with Paul. Therefore, since early Christian times, most Christians have thought Luke was the author of both the Book of Luke and the Book of Acts. Luke was a medical doctor. His way of writing shows that he was an educated man. He was probably a Gentile. Luke himself probably did not witness what Jesus said and did. But he said that he talked to many people who did. @@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ The texts are considered "parallel" when they are the same or almost the same am ### Why does Jesus refer to himself as the "Son of Man"? -In the gospels, Jesus called himself the "Son of Man." It is a reference to Daniel 7:13-14. In this passage there is a person described as a "son of man." That means the person was someone who looked like a human being. God gave authority to the son of man to rule over the nations forever. And all the people will worship him forever. +In the gospels, Jesus called himself the "Son of Man." It is a reference to Daniel 7:13-14. In this passage there is a person described as a "son of man." That means the person was someone who looked like a human being. God gave authority to the son of man to rule over the nations forever. And all the people will worship him forever. Jews of Jesus's time did not use "Son of Man" as a title for anyone. Therefore, Jesus used it for himself to help them understand who he truly was. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]]) @@ -68,5 +70,4 @@ The following verse is not included in many modern versions. Some versions put i * "For he was required to release one prisoner during the feast" (23:17) - (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - +(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) diff --git a/mal/01/01.md b/mal/01/01.md index b3aa4ca109..650ab9968c 100644 --- a/mal/01/01.md +++ b/mal/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # by the hand of Malachi The phrase "by the hand of" is an idiom that means that Yahweh used Malachi to deliver his message. Alternate translation: "through Malachi" or "spoken to them by Malachi" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/02.md b/mal/01/02.md index 44e521048a..33e1dc21d2 100644 --- a/mal/01/02.md +++ b/mal/01/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "loved" implies a relationship of loyalty between Yahweh and Jacob, in whic # I have loved Jacob This name "Jacob" refers here not only to Jacob, but also to all his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/03.md b/mal/01/03.md index 609df59aa7..75a199081d 100644 --- a/mal/01/03.md +++ b/mal/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In the Old Testament, the presence of wild animals such as jackals was a frequen # his inheritance Here "inheritance" stands for the region that Esau's descendants, the nation of Edom, occupied. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/04.md b/mal/01/04.md index 58376cc115..3576e11961 100644 --- a/mal/01/04.md +++ b/mal/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "throw down" stands for "destroy." Alternate translation: "I will destroy" # country of wickedness Here "wickedness" stands either for wicked people or for wicked actions. Alternate translation: "country of wicked people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/05.md b/mal/01/05.md index 809ec28e8c..c732b57b6d 100644 --- a/mal/01/05.md +++ b/mal/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your own eyes will see this Here "your own eyes" stands for the people themselves. Alternate translation: "You yourselves will see this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/06.md b/mal/01/06.md index 15597631b8..4d691f32f6 100644 --- a/mal/01/06.md +++ b/mal/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "my name" stands for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "treat me as th # How have we despised your name? Here the priests are asking a question in order to state that they have not really despised Yahweh. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "We have not really despised your name." or "Tell us how we have despised your name, because we do not think that we have done so." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/07.md b/mal/01/07.md index 3ee0ca35a7..3323896411 100644 --- a/mal/01/07.md +++ b/mal/01/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the answer that Yahweh gives to the priests, but the full answer is only # contemptible something people should regard as bad, worse than worthless - diff --git a/mal/01/08.md b/mal/01/08.md index 71575ff3a5..db6b1ef765 100644 --- a/mal/01/08.md +++ b/mal/01/08.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Here Yahweh uses a question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: "You kn Here Yahweh uses a question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: "And you know very well that it is evil for you to offer lame and sick animals!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) # Present that to your governor! Will he accept you or will he lift up your face? + Here the imperative functions as a condition. Alternate translation: "If you present that to your governor, will he accept you or will he lift up your face?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative]]) # Present that to your governor! Will he accept you or will he lift up your face? @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ Lifting up someone's face refers to accepting him with favor. Alternate translat # Present give as a gift to show respect - diff --git a/mal/01/09.md b/mal/01/09.md index 1826acb948..35078905b5 100644 --- a/mal/01/09.md +++ b/mal/01/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "hand" stands for the people bringing the offering. Alternate translation: # would he lift up any of your faces Lifting up someone's face refers to accepting him with favor. Alternate translation: "would he accept any of you with favor" or "would he agree to help any of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/10.md b/mal/01/10.md index aead7df4a9..a4107a88d2 100644 --- a/mal/01/10.md +++ b/mal/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "light fires on my altar" stands for offering sacrifices on Yahweh's altar. # from your hand Here "your hand" stands for "you." Alternate translation: "from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/11.md b/mal/01/11.md index a942551f8f..df59a7ec84 100644 --- a/mal/01/11.md +++ b/mal/01/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "in these nations p # in my name Here "name" stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: "to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/12.md b/mal/01/12.md index 2ca7366662..69f9980eb8 100644 --- a/mal/01/12.md +++ b/mal/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its fruit, its food Possible meanings are 1) "the meat sacrificed on the altar from animals whose other parts the priests should eat" or 2) "the meat sacrificed on the altar." - diff --git a/mal/01/13.md b/mal/01/13.md index ab81a8584f..f0101432c8 100644 --- a/mal/01/13.md +++ b/mal/01/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Yahweh is asking a question in order to make a statement of rebuke. Alterna # from your hand Here "your hand" stands for "you." Alternate translation: "from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/14.md b/mal/01/14.md index 14b23e13d4..f96570188a 100644 --- a/mal/01/14.md +++ b/mal/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "people in the othe # my name will be honored Here "my name" stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I will be honored" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mal/01/intro.md b/mal/01/intro.md index 91d38922e8..1609e28acf 100644 --- a/mal/01/intro.md +++ b/mal/01/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Malachi 01 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh of hosts -#### Yahweh of hosts This is an important title used in this chapter. It reminds the reader of the great power Yahweh has to punish the nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahwehofhosts]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. They all have a rather dramatic effect. They increase the emotional connotations of what is being said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +18,3 @@ There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. They all have a rather dram * __[Malachi intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mal/02/01.md b/mal/02/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mal/02/01.md +++ b/mal/02/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mal/02/02.md b/mal/02/02.md index 668a513830..82862c791a 100644 --- a/mal/02/02.md +++ b/mal/02/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "curse" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "I wil # you are not laying my command on your heart This refers to considering God's command to be very important. Alternate translation: "you are not considering my command to be very important" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/03.md b/mal/02/03.md index 67dd50bc19..43d6b84b5a 100644 --- a/mal/02/03.md +++ b/mal/02/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This difficult expression can be translated as "God will take you away with it," # he will take you away with it Possible meanings of this expression are 1) God will punish the unfaithful priests by killing them and causing their bodies to be carried away on the piles of animal dung, or 2) God will punish the unfaithful priests in such a horrible way that it will be as if their bodies had been carried away with the animal dung. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/04.md b/mal/02/04.md index d4862bc80b..b3820e1fe0 100644 --- a/mal/02/04.md +++ b/mal/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Levi Here Levi represents his descendants, the tribe of Levi. Alternate translation: "so that my covenant may be with you, the descendants of Levi" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/05.md b/mal/02/05.md index a052000651..0bbed69275 100644 --- a/mal/02/05.md +++ b/mal/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This expression continues the same metaphor, but leaves out an idea that is impl # in awe of my name Here "my name" stands for God himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/06.md b/mal/02/06.md index 417480cb3e..f1d6b1938f 100644 --- a/mal/02/06.md +++ b/mal/02/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here persuading people to stop sinning is spoken of as if it were turning them a # lips Here "lips" stands for a person's ability to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/07.md b/mal/02/07.md index e963c583b2..57a5d3ba0f 100644 --- a/mal/02/07.md +++ b/mal/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here instruction is spoken of as if it were an object that people could look for # from his mouth Here "mouth" stands for what a person says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/08.md b/mal/02/08.md index 047fe7d031..01182e6083 100644 --- a/mal/02/08.md +++ b/mal/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The expression "with respect to the law" gives the context for the "stumbling." # corrupted the covenant of Levi "broken the covenant I made with the Levites." - diff --git a/mal/02/09.md b/mal/02/09.md index 40c456943e..68b213c2e9 100644 --- a/mal/02/09.md +++ b/mal/02/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "ways" stands for "desires" and "behavior." These ways are spoken of as if # shown partiality Here the habit of favoring some people more than others is spoken of as if it were a thing that could be shown to others. Alternate translation: "made people aware that you favor some people more than others (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/10.md b/mal/02/10.md index 9bb1695dbc..068694ebf3 100644 --- a/mal/02/10.md +++ b/mal/02/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This probably refers to God forming the Hebrews into a nation. # Why are we faithless each man against his brother, profaning the covenant of our fathers? Malachi asks this question in order to rebuke his fellow Israelites. This question may be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "We should certainly not mistreat our brothers and disrespect God's covenant by disobeying his commands, as you have been doing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/11.md b/mal/02/11.md index 962b22fe40..9318b6b2a5 100644 --- a/mal/02/11.md +++ b/mal/02/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Judah" refers again to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "For t # has married the daughter of a foreign god The people of Judah are again referred to as if they were one man named "Judah." Alternate translation: "have married women from other nations, women who worship idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/12.md b/mal/02/12.md index 1afdff7f2a..69ece7d060 100644 --- a/mal/02/12.md +++ b/mal/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Jacob" stands for all the Israelites, because Jacob was one of the patriar # the one who is awake and the one who answers This expression seems to mean "absolutely everyone." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/13.md b/mal/02/13.md index 7784307a5b..0f3589a880 100644 --- a/mal/02/13.md +++ b/mal/02/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This implies that those who are weeping at Yahweh's altar have offered sacrifice # from your hand Here "hand" stands for the person giving the offering. Alternate translation: "from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mal/02/14.md b/mal/02/14.md index e040078af6..100a85b38e 100644 --- a/mal/02/14.md +++ b/mal/02/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This statement implies that many of the Israelites had divorced their wives. (Se # by covenant "by the covenant of marriage that you agreed to" - diff --git a/mal/02/15.md b/mal/02/15.md index fa0bf53530..faf053e9d6 100644 --- a/mal/02/15.md +++ b/mal/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This expression implies making husband and wife one flesh. Alternate translation # an offspring from God Children who would honor and obey God. - diff --git a/mal/02/16.md b/mal/02/16.md index 28ad0e1a04..007aec4758 100644 --- a/mal/02/16.md +++ b/mal/02/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase probably means any man who is violent toward his wife. (See: [[rc:// # So guard yourselves in your spirit and do not be faithless "So be careful to be loyal to your wife" - diff --git a/mal/02/17.md b/mal/02/17.md index bb493507fa..1a45781ec7 100644 --- a/mal/02/17.md +++ b/mal/02/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The priests ask this question in order to claim either that Yahweh does not care # the God of justice the God who punishes evildoers justly - diff --git a/mal/02/intro.md b/mal/02/intro.md index 05cf4bd665..cb33ae57c6 100644 --- a/mal/02/intro.md +++ b/mal/02/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Malachi 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Levites -#### Levites The priests are given a strong warning in this chapter. They have not followed the law of Moses and have led the people in the wrong direction. Yahweh has not accepted their sacrifices. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Marital unfaithfulness -Because the Jews lived under a covenantal arrangement with Yahweh, their relationship is described using the imagery of a marriage. Marital unfaithfulness indicates a person's unfaithfulness to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +### Marital unfaithfulness + +Because the Jews lived under a covenantal arrangement with Yahweh, their relationship is described using the imagery of a marriage. Marital unfaithfulness indicates a person's unfaithfulness to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: * __[Malachi 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mal/03/01.md b/mal/03/01.md index bac6bc633e..dd2885ec05 100644 --- a/mal/03/01.md +++ b/mal/03/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some modern versions translate this in a way that implies that these two express # The messenger of the covenant Almost all versions leave ambiguous the sense of this expression. But translators may need to make explicit the relationship between "messenger" and "the covenant." The UDB presents "the messenger" as one promised by the covenant that Yahweh had with Israel. Another choice is to present the messenger as a person who will either confirm that covenant or announce a new covenant. - diff --git a/mal/03/02.md b/mal/03/02.md index c77d6b25e7..5db089f92c 100644 --- a/mal/03/02.md +++ b/mal/03/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here standing represents resisting someone's attack or accusations. (See: [[rc:/ # For he will be like a refiner's fire and like laundry soap This sentence gives the reason why no one will be able to resist God when he comes. God's power to judge the people and to stop them from sinning is spoken of as if it were the power of strong soap to clean clothes, or the power of fire to melt an object. These are ways of saying that God's power to do these things cannot be stopped. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/03.md b/mal/03/03.md index 336b369af4..3530ef1508 100644 --- a/mal/03/03.md +++ b/mal/03/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here persuading people not to sin any longer is spoken of as if a metalworker we # they will bring offerings of righteousness to Yahweh Here "of righteousness" means "motivated by righteous desires to worship God." Alternate translation: "they will bring acceptable offerings to Yahweh in order to worship Yahweh" - diff --git a/mal/03/04.md b/mal/03/04.md index 46d3868aef..6c4bf38a59 100644 --- a/mal/03/04.md +++ b/mal/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Judah" and "Jerusalem" stand for the people in those places. Alternate tra # as in the days of old, and as in ancient years These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the offering was once pleasing to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "as it was in the distant past" or "as it was a long time ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/05.md b/mal/03/05.md index 679b00e8a1..6210f07469 100644 --- a/mal/03/05.md +++ b/mal/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "judgment" refers to the act of judging. Alternate translation: "Then I wil # turn away the foreigner That is, turning away the foreigner from gaining his rights. Depriving people of their rights is spoken of as if it were physically turning them away from oneself. Perhaps the idea is turning away someone who comes for a wrong to be set right. Alternate translation: "deny foreigners living in Israel the rights that they should have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/06.md b/mal/03/06.md index 940e5ce8f0..8fec6d5837 100644 --- a/mal/03/06.md +++ b/mal/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel. # you descendants of Jacob have not been consumed This can be translated in active form. The word "consumed" is a metaphor for "destroyed." Alternate translation: "I have not consumed you descendants of Jacob" or "you descendants of Jacob have not perished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/07.md b/mal/03/07.md index 234ffdd603..3533369a16 100644 --- a/mal/03/07.md +++ b/mal/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here loving each other and being faithful to each other is spoken of as if it we # How will we return? The people ask this question in order to claim that they have never stopped obeying God. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "We have never gone away from you, so we cannot return to you." or "We have never gone away from you, so it makes no sense to speak of us as returning to you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/08.md b/mal/03/08.md index c9c39dfaec..709f774393 100644 --- a/mal/03/08.md +++ b/mal/03/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This question implies that the people do not think they have robbed God. Alterna # In tithes and offerings This reply from Yahweh implies a fuller answer. Alternate translation: "You have robbed me by withholding from me your tithes and offerings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/09.md b/mal/03/09.md index cac6e0769d..24014cdc8c 100644 --- a/mal/03/09.md +++ b/mal/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have certainly curs # you are robbing me, the whole nation Here "nation" stands for the people to whom Yahweh is speaking. Alternate translation: "all of you in the whole nation are robbing me" - diff --git a/mal/03/10.md b/mal/03/10.md index 7755ea99ef..b159f27ced 100644 --- a/mal/03/10.md +++ b/mal/03/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "house" stands for the temple. Alternate translation: "my temple" (See: [[r # and test me now in this ... if I do not open to you the windows of heaven Here the command "test me" stands for something that the people can do and should do: "if you test me." This can be divided into two sentences also. Alternate translation: "And if you test me ... I will open up the windows of heaven" or "And you should test me ... If you do, I will open up the windows of heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/11.md b/mal/03/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mal/03/11.md +++ b/mal/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mal/03/12.md b/mal/03/12.md index 1d5c0478ac..9093bfd1df 100644 --- a/mal/03/12.md +++ b/mal/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This expression stands for the people in all the nations. Alternate translation: # a land of delight Here "delight" stands for the condition in which the inhabitants of a land take delight in their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/13.md b/mal/03/13.md index f33a93fc3f..fca2896492 100644 --- a/mal/03/13.md +++ b/mal/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "strong" stands for "harsh" or "terrible." And "Your words" stands for "Wha # What have we said among ourselves against you? The people ask this question in order to claim that they have said nothing against God. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "We have not said anything among ourselves against you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/14.md b/mal/03/14.md index ddc5731fe3..ac47e24f40 100644 --- a/mal/03/14.md +++ b/mal/03/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "walk mournfully" stands for "behave in a sorrowful manner," probably in or # before Yahweh of hosts Here this expression refers to God being aware of what the people were doing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/15.md b/mal/03/15.md index 6b5adf9d88..db365b2bc2 100644 --- a/mal/03/15.md +++ b/mal/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here to "call ... blessed" stands for being blessed. This may be stated in activ # escape That is, "they escape God's punishment." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/16.md b/mal/03/16.md index 90401a8c93..acc648c232 100644 --- a/mal/03/16.md +++ b/mal/03/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This expression refers to any book that helps people remember important things, # honored his name Here "his name" stands for God himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mal/03/17.md b/mal/03/17.md index 26285ce30c..1acf069ecf 100644 --- a/mal/03/17.md +++ b/mal/03/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "possession" refers to one's personal property. This idea can be expressed # I act the time when Yahweh will judge and punish the rebellious Israelites, giving victory to the faithful Israelites - diff --git a/mal/03/18.md b/mal/03/18.md index ffd48c7b16..22c6576691 100644 --- a/mal/03/18.md +++ b/mal/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # distinguish between "see a difference between" or "treat differently" - diff --git a/mal/03/intro.md b/mal/03/intro.md index 67f50c9ee7..02405d5f4d 100644 --- a/mal/03/intro.md +++ b/mal/03/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Malachi 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Messiah -#### Messiah There are several prophecies in this chapter concerning the Messiah and the one who comes before the Messiah. At times, this chapter switches between prophesying about the first coming of the Messiah and the second coming of the Messiah without formal divisions between them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Several rhetorical questions are used in this chapter to convince the reader of the truth of what he is saying and of their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Several rhetorical questions are used in this chapter to convince the reader of * __[Malachi 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mal/04/01.md b/mal/04/01.md index ed80c4aba4..62a7e1412a 100644 --- a/mal/04/01.md +++ b/mal/04/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "the day" stands for the events that will occur on that day. Alternate tran # it will leave them neither root nor branch This expression continues to speak of people as if they were plants or trees. So being deprived of all roots and branches stands for being completely killed off. Alternate translation: "nothing will be left" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mal/04/02.md b/mal/04/02.md index 9eea92d4c5..b90cc3dda1 100644 --- a/mal/04/02.md +++ b/mal/04/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It was common in the Ancient Near East to speak of the sun as if it had wings, w # You will go out, and you will leap like calves from the stall Here the redeemed people of Yahweh are spoken of as if they were young bulls released from their stalls, allowed to go out into their pasture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mal/04/03.md b/mal/04/03.md index f3bc15bc49..76551ec9d1 100644 --- a/mal/04/03.md +++ b/mal/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the victory of God's people is spoken of as if they were walking over the b # they will be ashes The Israelites' enemies are spoken of as having been burned to ashes ([Malachi 4:1](../04/01.md)). - diff --git a/mal/04/04.md b/mal/04/04.md index 3602aa3ca1..ecb2aed4a8 100644 --- a/mal/04/04.md +++ b/mal/04/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the laws that God gave Israel for all time. # the rulings These are legal decisions meant to make clear how the general statutes apply to everyday life. - diff --git a/mal/04/05.md b/mal/04/05.md index a4df39d729..405aedcaf9 100644 --- a/mal/04/05.md +++ b/mal/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the occurrence of this day is spoken of as if it were coming. Alternate tra # the great and fearful day of Yahweh This expression refers to any time in which Yahweh acts decisively. - diff --git a/mal/04/06.md b/mal/04/06.md index bf385b9bc1..1941b707df 100644 --- a/mal/04/06.md +++ b/mal/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers Here changing how people think is spoken of as if it were turning their hearts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mal/04/intro.md b/mal/04/intro.md index fb69cd4ba2..7a72b4686a 100644 --- a/mal/04/intro.md +++ b/mal/04/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Malachi 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Last days -#### Last days Although the Jews may have hoped these prophecies referenced a time in the near future to them, the prophecies of this chapter exclusively relate to the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Although the Jews may have hoped these prophecies referenced a time in the near * __[Malachi 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/mal/front/intro.md b/mal/front/intro.md index 399bee467a..446299761f 100644 --- a/mal/front/intro.md +++ b/mal/front/intro.md @@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ The prophet Malachi wrote these messages from Yahweh to the Jews. However, since ### What was meant by the day of Yahweh? Malachi spoke about "the day" several times. This is the same as "the day of Yahweh." In the Book of Malachi, this is the time when Yahweh would judge his people. He would remove those who wickedly sin and bless those who trust in him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/dayofthelord]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/01.md b/mat/01/01.md index 0bf0af561a..eac30935e8 100644 --- a/mat/01/01.md +++ b/mat/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were many generations between Jesus, David, and Abraham. Here "son" means # son of David Sometimes the phrase "son of David" is used as a title, but here it seems to be used only to identify Jesus's ancestry. - diff --git a/mat/01/02.md b/mat/01/02.md index fb1d580bf9..54e99c3185 100644 --- a/mat/01/02.md +++ b/mat/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Isaac the father ... Jacob the father Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Isaac was the father ... Jacob was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/03.md b/mat/01/03.md index c4f5098f95..827ec82d40 100644 --- a/mat/01/03.md +++ b/mat/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Perez the father ... Hezron the father Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Perez was the father ... Hezron was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/04.md b/mat/01/04.md index 4aa91e6f99..b866681d3d 100644 --- a/mat/01/04.md +++ b/mat/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the genealogy of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-name # Amminadab the father ... Nahshon the father Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Amminadab was the father ... Nahshon was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/05.md b/mat/01/05.md index 64620cf38b..97ef445753 100644 --- a/mat/01/05.md +++ b/mat/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Boaz was the father . # Boaz the father of Obed by Ruth "Boaz was the father of Obed, and Obed's mother was Ruth" or "Boaz and Ruth were the parents of Obed" - diff --git a/mat/01/06.md b/mat/01/06.md index 3c63c9d2af..2143a9f9c6 100644 --- a/mat/01/06.md +++ b/mat/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the wife of Uriah "the widow of Uriah." Solomon was born after Uriah died. - diff --git a/mat/01/07.md b/mat/01/07.md index ed9421f753..8366562a54 100644 --- a/mat/01/07.md +++ b/mat/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This continues the genealogy of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-name # Rehoboam the father of Abijah, Abijah the father of Asa The word "was" is understood in both of these phrases. Alternate translation: "Rehoboam was the father of Abijah, and Abijah was the father of Asa" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/08.md b/mat/01/08.md index 4f9cf2d586..75222a62bb 100644 --- a/mat/01/08.md +++ b/mat/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joram This man was called both Joram and Jehoram in the Old Testament. - diff --git a/mat/01/09.md b/mat/01/09.md index 1249dc5a42..2c062a8c17 100644 --- a/mat/01/09.md +++ b/mat/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the genealogy of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/10.md b/mat/01/10.md index fcb6a4c441..c6ecb1527d 100644 --- a/mat/01/10.md +++ b/mat/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amon Sometimes this is translated "Amos." - diff --git a/mat/01/11.md b/mat/01/11.md index 8ec4d75ff2..de982fbff6 100644 --- a/mat/01/11.md +++ b/mat/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A more specific term for "ancestor" can also be used, particularly if the word " # Babylon Here this means the country of Babylon, not just the city of Babylon. - diff --git a/mat/01/12.md b/mat/01/12.md index 605d02cefd..c4ff827eb8 100644 --- a/mat/01/12.md +++ b/mat/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Use the same wording you used in [Matthew 1:11](../01/11.md). # Shealtiel was an ancestor of Zerubbabel Shealtiel was Zerubbabel's grandfather. - diff --git a/mat/01/13.md b/mat/01/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/01/13.md +++ b/mat/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/01/14.md b/mat/01/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/01/14.md +++ b/mat/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/01/15.md b/mat/01/15.md index 1249dc5a42..2c062a8c17 100644 --- a/mat/01/15.md +++ b/mat/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the genealogy of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/16.md b/mat/01/16.md index 50cefbb275..68bc32d37b 100644 --- a/mat/01/16.md +++ b/mat/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Mary, who gave birth # who is called Christ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom people call Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/17.md b/mat/01/17.md index c79e68db1c..e6483da01b 100644 --- a/mat/01/17.md +++ b/mat/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # deportation to Babylon Use the same wording you used in [Matthew 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/mat/01/18.md b/mat/01/18.md index 8bbb4e9fb6..0e1510ac66 100644 --- a/mat/01/18.md +++ b/mat/01/18.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they realized that sh # by the Holy Spirit The power of the Holy Spirit had enabled Mary to have a baby before she had slept with a man. - diff --git a/mat/01/19.md b/mat/01/19.md index 3dbe3d7ba7..7ec2c2abdc 100644 --- a/mat/01/19.md +++ b/mat/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joseph had not married Mary yet, but when a man and woman promised to marry each # to divorce her quietly "to quietly cancel their plans to get married" - diff --git a/mat/01/20.md b/mat/01/20.md index 0adcba0bad..abb9dd0d4f 100644 --- a/mat/01/20.md +++ b/mat/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "son" means "descendant." # the one who is conceived in her is conceived by the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Holy Spirit caused Mary to become pregnant with this child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/21.md b/mat/01/21.md index e6999ffd61..d6770cca27 100644 --- a/mat/01/21.md +++ b/mat/01/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translator may add a footnote that says "The name 'Jesus' means 'the Lord saves. # his people This refers to the Jews. - diff --git a/mat/01/22.md b/mat/01/22.md index 98b354253d..0a7bc8e052 100644 --- a/mat/01/22.md +++ b/mat/01/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord told th # the prophet There were many prophets. Matthew was speaking of Isaiah. Alternate translation: "the prophet Isaiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/01/23.md b/mat/01/23.md index dbc43851b7..2a599af329 100644 --- a/mat/01/23.md +++ b/mat/01/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a male name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Immanuel"—which being translated is, "God with us." This is not in the book of Isaiah. Matthew is explaining the meaning of the name "Immanuel." You could translate it as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "Immanuel." This name means 'God with us.'" - diff --git a/mat/01/24.md b/mat/01/24.md index 7d1bd6fe02..23a2b52d69 100644 --- a/mat/01/24.md +++ b/mat/01/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The angel had told Joseph to take Mary as his wife and to name the child Jesus. # he took her as his wife "he married Mary" - diff --git a/mat/01/25.md b/mat/01/25.md index 3577acd56b..83282bf5e3 100644 --- a/mat/01/25.md +++ b/mat/01/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "he did not have sexual relations wi # Then he called his name Jesus "Joseph named the child Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/01/intro.md b/mat/01/intro.md index b03d703bb5..04f43d386e 100644 --- a/mat/01/intro.md +++ b/mat/01/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Matthew 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set a quotation from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this for the quoted material in 1:23. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Genealogy +### Genealogy A genealogy is a list that records a person's ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could become king. Most important people had records of their genealogies. - -### Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Use of the passive voice +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Use of the passive voice Matthew uses the passive voice very purposefully in this chapter to indicate that Mary did not have a sexual relationship with anyone. She became pregnant with Jesus because the Holy Spirit performed a miracle. Many languages do not have a passive voice, so translators in those languages must find other ways to present the same truths. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) @@ -22,4 +22,3 @@ Matthew uses the passive voice very purposefully in this chapter to indicate tha * __[Matthew intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/02/01.md b/mat/02/01.md index 10ea12828a..c30eeb4c7e 100644 --- a/mat/02/01.md +++ b/mat/02/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to Herod the Great. # from the east "from a country far east of Judea" - diff --git a/mat/02/02.md b/mat/02/02.md index 453c8b6d56..3f9504c22f 100644 --- a/mat/02/02.md +++ b/mat/02/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They were not saying that the baby was the rightful owner of the star. Alternate # worship Possible meanings are 1) they intended to worship the baby as divine, or 2) they wanted to honor him as a human king. If your language has a word that includes both meanings, you should consider using it here. - diff --git a/mat/02/03.md b/mat/02/03.md index 6cea2d10c9..a3c49fb632 100644 --- a/mat/02/03.md +++ b/mat/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all Jerusalem Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people. Also, "all" means "many." Matthew is exaggerating to emphasize how many people were worried. Alternate translation: "many of the people in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mat/02/04.md b/mat/02/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/02/04.md +++ b/mat/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/02/05.md b/mat/02/05.md index 9a741393dc..dceb2b85b5 100644 --- a/mat/02/05.md +++ b/mat/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this is what was written by the prophet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this is what the prophet wrote long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/02/06.md b/mat/02/06.md index bc3944fbd7..e055864e51 100644 --- a/mat/02/06.md +++ b/mat/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Micah was speaking to the people of Bethlehem as if they were with him but they # who will shepherd my people Israel Micah speaks of this ruler as a shepherd. This means he will lead and care for the people. Alternate translation: "who will lead my people Israel as a shepherd leads his sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/02/07.md b/mat/02/07.md index 7dc0b337bc..9e44a6a0f3 100644 --- a/mat/02/07.md +++ b/mat/02/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "men, and h # what time the star had appeared It is implied that the learned men told him when the star appeared. Alternate translation: "what time the star had appeared. The learned men told Herod when the star first appeared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/02/08.md b/mat/02/08.md index 7e68003d28..4e78df2f8e 100644 --- a/mat/02/08.md +++ b/mat/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Jesus. # worship him See how you translated this in [Matthew 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/mat/02/09.md b/mat/02/09.md index 5751e55cdc..f4a576c125 100644 --- a/mat/02/09.md +++ b/mat/02/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # where the young child was "the place where the young child was staying" - diff --git a/mat/02/10.md b/mat/02/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/02/10.md +++ b/mat/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/02/11.md b/mat/02/11.md index 2b6973ee28..ed8fa536d4 100644 --- a/mat/02/11.md +++ b/mat/02/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the scene shifts to the house where Mary, Joseph, and the young Jesus were # their treasures Here "treasures" refers to the boxes or bags they used to carry their treasures. Alternate translation: "the containers that held their treasures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/02/12.md b/mat/02/12.md index 9a73f7007a..3be9860a87 100644 --- a/mat/02/12.md +++ b/mat/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # dream not to return to Herod, so This can be translated as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "dream, saying, 'Do not go back to King Herod,' so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/mat/02/13.md b/mat/02/13.md index e5b0648a6c..d330b316f7 100644 --- a/mat/02/13.md +++ b/mat/02/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: # I tell you Here "I" refers to God. The angel is speaking for God. - diff --git a/mat/02/14.md b/mat/02/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/02/14.md +++ b/mat/02/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/02/15.md b/mat/02/15.md index e14d10217e..a7a4a7f589 100644 --- a/mat/02/15.md +++ b/mat/02/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord had # my Son In Hosea this refers to the people of Israel. Matthew quoted it to say that this was true of God's Son, Jesus. Translate it using a word for son that could refer to the only son or the first son. - diff --git a/mat/02/16.md b/mat/02/16.md index 26075e2e07..92014958cc 100644 --- a/mat/02/16.md +++ b/mat/02/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Herod did not kill the children himself. Alternate translation: "He gave orders # according to the time "based on the time" - diff --git a/mat/02/17.md b/mat/02/17.md index 80bc70b2c6..25295e6a83 100644 --- a/mat/02/17.md +++ b/mat/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This fulfilled" or "H # what had been spoken through Jeremiah the prophet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord spoke long ago through the prophet Jeremiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/02/18.md b/mat/02/18.md index 3439989240..461155d0a2 100644 --- a/mat/02/18.md +++ b/mat/02/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one could comfort # because they were no more "because the children were gone and would never return." Here "were no more" is a mild way of saying they are dead. Alternate translation: "because they were dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/mat/02/19.md b/mat/02/19.md index 1e1bee326e..70f3ac986b 100644 --- a/mat/02/19.md +++ b/mat/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the scene shifts to Egypt, where Joseph, Mary, and the young Jesus are livi # behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. - diff --git a/mat/02/20.md b/mat/02/20.md index a7cc2b380b..4d128d6c2a 100644 --- a/mat/02/20.md +++ b/mat/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "sought the child's life" is a way of saying they wanted to kill the child. # those who sought This refers to King Herod and his advisors. - diff --git a/mat/02/21.md b/mat/02/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/02/21.md +++ b/mat/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/02/22.md b/mat/02/22.md index 4354b7fb42..edf249454e 100644 --- a/mat/02/22.md +++ b/mat/02/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of Herod's son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # he was afraid "Joseph was afraid" - diff --git a/mat/02/23.md b/mat/02/23.md index cf7d818fc1..77344c8aab 100644 --- a/mat/02/23.md +++ b/mat/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord spoke l # he would be called a Nazarene Here "he" refers to Jesus. The prophets before the time of Jesus would have referred to him as the Messiah or the Christ. Alternate translation: "people would say that the Christ is a Nazarene" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mat/02/intro.md b/mat/02/intro.md index ec145c2375..ef96aaae3c 100644 --- a/mat/02/intro.md +++ b/mat/02/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,23 @@ # Matthew 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 6 and 18, which is from the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "His star" +### "His star" These words probably refer to a star that the learned men believed to be the sign of a new king of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Learned men" +### "Learned men" English translations use many different words to translate this phrase. These words include "magi" and "wise men." These men could have been scientists or astrologers. If you can, you should translate this with the general words "learned men." ## Links: + * __[Matthew 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/03/01.md b/mat/03/01.md index 014fa7f5dc..8f3ce97cac 100644 --- a/mat/03/01.md +++ b/mat/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Matthew tells of the mini # In those days This is many years after Joseph and his family left Egypt and went to Nazareth. This is probably near the time that Jesus begins his ministry. Alternate translation: "Some time later" or "Some years later" - diff --git a/mat/03/02.md b/mat/03/02.md index c32e46713f..a7e4b067ff 100644 --- a/mat/03/02.md +++ b/mat/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is plural in form. John is speaking to the crowds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # the kingdom of heaven is near The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God ruling as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, use the word "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "our God in heaven will soon show himself to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/03.md b/mat/03/03.md index cc4fbd9363..262020b2a4 100644 --- a/mat/03/03.md +++ b/mat/03/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paralleli # Make ready the way of the Lord "Get the road ready for the Lord." Doing this represents being prepared to hear the Lord's message when he comes. People do this by repenting of their sins. Alternate translation: "Prepare to hear the Lord's message when he comes" or "Repent and be ready for the Lord to come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/04.md b/mat/03/04.md index def43367cd..e985a480f5 100644 --- a/mat/03/04.md +++ b/mat/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Now" is used here to mark a pause in the story. Here Matthew tells bac # wore clothing of camel's hair and a leather belt around his waist This clothing symbolizes that John is a prophet like the prophets from long ago, especially the prophet Elijah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/05.md b/mat/03/05.md index 1345ce21a8..30253d870e 100644 --- a/mat/03/05.md +++ b/mat/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Jerusalem, all Judea, and all the region The words "Jerusalem," "Judea," and "the region" are metonyms for the people from those areas. The word "all" is an exaggeration to emphasize that very many people went out. Alternate translation: Then very may people from Jerusalem, Judea, and that region" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/06.md b/mat/03/06.md index 8879384977..add9919225 100644 --- a/mat/03/06.md +++ b/mat/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "John baptized them .. # They This refers to the people coming from Jerusalem, Judea, and the region around the Jordan River. - diff --git a/mat/03/07.md b/mat/03/07.md index a1dc92f45d..c10372a82e 100644 --- a/mat/03/07.md +++ b/mat/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ John uses a question to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees because they were ask # flee from the wrath that is coming The word "wrath" is being used to refer to God's punishment because his wrath precedes it. Alternate translation: "run away from the punishment that is coming" or "escape because God is about to punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/08.md b/mat/03/08.md index a0cc54fe7a..478327a709 100644 --- a/mat/03/08.md +++ b/mat/03/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bear fruit worthy of repentance The phrase "bear fruit" is a metaphor referring to a person's actions. Alternate translation: "Let your actions show that you have truly repented" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/09.md b/mat/03/09.md index 2b4a3d6be2..a31baf4bdd 100644 --- a/mat/03/09.md +++ b/mat/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This adds emphasis to what John is about to say. # God is able to raise up children for Abraham even out of these stones "God is able to make physical descendants out of even these stones and give them to Abraham" - diff --git a/mat/03/10.md b/mat/03/10.md index 38997d739b..067c6864bb 100644 --- a/mat/03/10.md +++ b/mat/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John the Baptist continues to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees. # Already the ax has been placed against the root of the trees. So every tree that does not produce good fruit is chopped down and thrown into the fire This metaphor means God is ready to punish sinners. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has his axe and he is ready to cut down and burn any tree that grows bad fruit" or "As a person gets his axe ready to cut down and burn a tree that grows bad fruit, God is ready to punish you for your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/11.md b/mat/03/11.md index 60edd840cf..c35a06d5b0 100644 --- a/mat/03/11.md +++ b/mat/03/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus is the person who comes after John. # He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire This metaphor compares John's baptism with water to the future baptism with fire. This means John's baptism only symbolically cleanses people of their sins. The baptism by Holy Spirit and fire will truly cleanse people of their sins. If possible, use the word "baptize" in your translation to keep the comparison to John's baptism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/12.md b/mat/03/12.md index 4e32f1688a..5acaffc164 100644 --- a/mat/03/12.md +++ b/mat/03/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a metaphor showing how God will separate righteous people from evil peop # can never be put out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will never burn out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/13.md b/mat/03/13.md index c45ab34d6e..32188e0767 100644 --- a/mat/03/13.md +++ b/mat/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the scene shifts to a later time when John the Baptist baptizes Jesus. # to be baptized by John This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so John could baptize him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/14.md b/mat/03/14.md index 4588704e90..74ed9db9c7 100644 --- a/mat/03/14.md +++ b/mat/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I need to be baptized by you, and do you come to me? John uses a question to show his surprise at Jesus's request. Alternate translation: "You are more important than I am. I should not baptize you. You should baptize me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/15.md b/mat/03/15.md index 3ec8c29562..6b26a72cae 100644 --- a/mat/03/15.md +++ b/mat/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "us" refers to Jesus and John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) # John permitted him You may need to make explicit that John permitted Jesus to be baptized by John. Alternate translation: "John allowed Jesus to be baptized" or "John agreed to baptize Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/16.md b/mat/03/16.md index 0bc3fc2654..b9de3b2224 100644 --- a/mat/03/16.md +++ b/mat/03/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus saw the sky ope # coming down like a dove Possible meanings are 1) this is simply a statement that the Spirit was in the form of a dove or 2) this is a simile that compares the Spirit coming down upon Jesus gently, the way a dove would. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/17.md b/mat/03/17.md index 691286e199..e8dde87d76 100644 --- a/mat/03/17.md +++ b/mat/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Son This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/03/intro.md b/mat/03/intro.md index 59096e3ace..c78f1e1fb1 100644 --- a/mat/03/intro.md +++ b/mat/03/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,23 @@ # Matthew 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted material in verse 3. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Bear fruit worthy of repentance" +### "Bear fruit worthy of repentance" Fruit is a common picture word in the scriptures. Writers use it to describe the results of either good or bad behavior. In this chapter, good fruit is the result of living as God commands. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "The kingdom of heaven is near" +### "The kingdom of heaven is near" -No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when John spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near." +No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when John spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near." ## Links: + * __[Matthew 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/04/01.md b/mat/04/01.md index 1e1c848e9c..79e90eea8d 100644 --- a/mat/04/01.md +++ b/mat/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Spirit led Jesus" # to be tempted by the devil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so the devil could tempt Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/02.md b/mat/04/02.md index aa5327213c..04615d8ce1 100644 --- a/mat/04/02.md +++ b/mat/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These refer to Jesus. # forty days and forty nights "40 days and 40 nights." This refers to 24-hour periods. Alternate translation: "40 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/03.md b/mat/04/03.md index 766456d3a5..2a59bf7fbd 100644 --- a/mat/04/03.md +++ b/mat/04/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You could translate this with a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "say to # bread Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/04.md b/mat/04/04.md index ca7981f87c..7d333e2ba9 100644 --- a/mat/04/04.md +++ b/mat/04/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This implies that there is something more important to life than food. # but by every word that comes out of the mouth of God Here "word" and "mouth" refer to what God says. Alternate translation: "but by listening to everything that God says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/05.md b/mat/04/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/04/05.md +++ b/mat/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/04/06.md b/mat/04/06.md index ff4da263a9..cb7875cb61 100644 --- a/mat/04/06.md +++ b/mat/04/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be translated with a direct quotation, and you can specify that it is G # They will carry you "The angels will hold you" - diff --git a/mat/04/07.md b/mat/04/07.md index 5cf5687cff..8953b5067a 100644 --- a/mat/04/07.md +++ b/mat/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is understood that Jesus is quoting scripture again. This can be stated in ac # You must not test Here "you" refers to anyone. Alternate translation: "One should not test" or "No person should test" - diff --git a/mat/04/08.md b/mat/04/08.md index 61e5215e32..3abba4d5de 100644 --- a/mat/04/08.md +++ b/mat/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Again, the devil "Next, the devil" - diff --git a/mat/04/09.md b/mat/04/09.md index bff2318660..5d2ec6382a 100644 --- a/mat/04/09.md +++ b/mat/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # fall down "put your face near the ground." This was a common action to show that a person was worshiping. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/10.md b/mat/04/10.md index cd13b9f5c3..8d6e79bbf4 100644 --- a/mat/04/10.md +++ b/mat/04/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For Moses also wrote # You will worship ... you will serve Both instances of "you" are singular, a command to everyone who hears it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/11.md b/mat/04/11.md index 68a4809020..39b9e09640 100644 --- a/mat/04/11.md +++ b/mat/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # behold The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the important new information that follows. - diff --git a/mat/04/12.md b/mat/04/12.md index 2f49186692..5d4a8e3ddc 100644 --- a/mat/04/12.md +++ b/mat/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a change in the main story. Here Matthew starts t # John had been handed over This can be stated in active form and the information omitted from the euphemism can be stated. Alternate translation: "the king had handed John over to the prison" or "the king had arrested John" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/13.md b/mat/04/13.md index b37136c6d5..45d57c5ddb 100644 --- a/mat/04/13.md +++ b/mat/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the territories of Zebulun and Naphtali "Zebulun" and "Naphtali" are the names of the tribes that lived in these territories many years earlier before foreigners took control of the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/14.md b/mat/04/14.md index 70f3f89788..dae610cc4a 100644 --- a/mat/04/14.md +++ b/mat/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Jesus's going to live in Capernaum. # what was said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/15.md b/mat/04/15.md index ec0570bd6a..fe7c2ac02c 100644 --- a/mat/04/15.md +++ b/mat/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are two descriptions of the same territory. # toward the sea This is the Sea of Galilee. - diff --git a/mat/04/16.md b/mat/04/16.md index 4893718608..424632b37b 100644 --- a/mat/04/16.md +++ b/mat/04/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These words can be combined with the sentence beginning with "The land of Zebulu # to those who sat in the region and shadow of death, upon them has a light arisen This basically has the same meaning as the first part of the sentence. Here "those who sat in the region and shadow of death" is a metaphor. It represents those who did not know God. These people were in danger of dying and being separated from God forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/17.md b/mat/04/17.md index c0b6c26844..714f0da94c 100644 --- a/mat/04/17.md +++ b/mat/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the kingdom of heaven is near The phrase "the kingdom of heaven" refers to God ruling as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, include a word that means "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "our God in heaven will soon show himself to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/18.md b/mat/04/18.md index b33ed8c2cd..13b2d939c5 100644 --- a/mat/04/18.md +++ b/mat/04/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins a new scene within the part of the story about Jesus's ministry in G # casting a net into the sea The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "throwing a net into the water to catch fish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/19.md b/mat/04/19.md index 1ae07a0844..9afea859c8 100644 --- a/mat/04/19.md +++ b/mat/04/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus invites Simon and Andrew to follow him, live with him, and become his disc # I will make you fishers of men This metaphor means Simon and Andrew will teach people God's true message, so others will also follow Jesus. Alternate translation: "I will teach you to gather men to me like you used to gather fish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/20.md b/mat/04/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/04/20.md +++ b/mat/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/04/21.md b/mat/04/21.md index 655d65ef5f..4126fa2ffd 100644 --- a/mat/04/21.md +++ b/mat/04/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus calls more men to be his disciples. # He called them "Jesus called John and James." This phrase also means that Jesus invited them to follow him, live with him, and become his disciples. - diff --git a/mat/04/22.md b/mat/04/22.md index 71a546ba4f..4f8c9a9a96 100644 --- a/mat/04/22.md +++ b/mat/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # left the boat ... and followed him It should be clear that they immediately put their nets down and left that place with Jesus. If your language requires you to tell whether they were leaving for the rest of the day or for a long time or for the rest of their lives, you should probably translate as they were leaving for the rest of their lives. It would be good to have a note saying that the Greek does not specify how long they would be gone. - diff --git a/mat/04/23.md b/mat/04/23.md index e7a7239eb5..5f6079580e 100644 --- a/mat/04/23.md +++ b/mat/04/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to God's reign as king. Alternate translation: "preaching # every kind of disease and sickness The words "disease" and "sickness" are closely related but should be translated as two different words if possible. "Disease" is what causes a person to be sick. "Sickness" is the physical weakness or affliction that results from having a disease. - diff --git a/mat/04/24.md b/mat/04/24.md index 3c2dc4933f..14522ff90e 100644 --- a/mat/04/24.md +++ b/mat/04/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom demons con # the epileptics The word "epileptic" refers to people who have epilepsy and so sometimes become unconscious and move uncontrollably. - diff --git a/mat/04/25.md b/mat/04/25.md index 09cdba8300..f1effd0e7a 100644 --- a/mat/04/25.md +++ b/mat/04/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Decapolis This name means "the Ten Towns." This is the name of a region to the southeast of the Sea of Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mat/04/intro.md b/mat/04/intro.md index 88dc5d0743..c71493827f 100644 --- a/mat/04/intro.md +++ b/mat/04/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,21 @@ # Matthew 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 6, 15 and 16, which is from the Old Testament. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "the kingdom of heaven has come near" +### "the kingdom of heaven has come near" No one knows for use whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when Jesus spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phase "is coming near" and "has come near." -#### "If you are the Son of God" +### "If you are the Son of God" The reader should not understand these words in verses 3 and 6 to mean that Satan did not know whether Jesus was the Son of God. God had already said that Jesus was his Son ([Matthew 3:17](../../mat/03/17.md)), so Satan knew who Jesus was. He also knew that Jesus could make stones become bread and could throw himself off of high places and not be hurt. He was trying to make Jesus do these things and so disobey God and obey Satan. These words can be translated as "Show me your power if you are the Son of God" (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofgod]]) ## Links: + * __[Matthew 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/05/01.md b/mat/05/01.md index e1afe5d837..08724bc151 100644 --- a/mat/05/01.md +++ b/mat/05/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a new part of the story in which Jesus begins to teach his disciples. This part continues through the end of chapter 7 and is frequently called the Sermon on the Mount. - diff --git a/mat/05/02.md b/mat/05/02.md index 9cf4e8b596..b39d91bd3e 100644 --- a/mat/05/02.md +++ b/mat/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Jesus began to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ # taught them The word "them" refers to his disciples. - diff --git a/mat/05/03.md b/mat/05/03.md index 792c2aaca3..008f3ede54 100644 --- a/mat/05/03.md +++ b/mat/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means people who are humble. Alternate translation: "those who know they ne # for theirs is the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "for God in heaven will be their king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/04.md b/mat/05/04.md index 16f7f9d849..a297d54a51 100644 --- a/mat/05/04.md +++ b/mat/05/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible reasons they are sad are 1) the sinfulness of the world or 2) their own # they will be comforted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will comfort them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/05.md b/mat/05/05.md index f988a9564a..fcba7948ff 100644 --- a/mat/05/05.md +++ b/mat/05/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they will inherit the earth "God will give them the entire earth" - diff --git a/mat/05/06.md b/mat/05/06.md index f6ed53623e..ede0c50d64 100644 --- a/mat/05/06.md +++ b/mat/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor describes people who strongly desire to do what is right. Alternat # they will be filled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will fill them" or "God will satisfy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/07.md b/mat/05/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/05/07.md +++ b/mat/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/05/08.md b/mat/05/08.md index a79728686c..11897b0aa9 100644 --- a/mat/05/08.md +++ b/mat/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they will see God This means they will be able to live in God's presence. Alternate translation: "God will allow them to live with him" - diff --git a/mat/05/09.md b/mat/05/09.md index 262a2f877d..0e95dc64d0 100644 --- a/mat/05/09.md +++ b/mat/05/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for God will call the # sons of God It is best to translate "sons" with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to a human son or child. - diff --git a/mat/05/10.md b/mat/05/10.md index dcee37759b..7fe184d067 100644 --- a/mat/05/10.md +++ b/mat/05/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those people whom oth # theirs is the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:3](../05/03.md). Alternate translation: "for God in heaven will be their king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/11.md b/mat/05/11.md index 5d67e53621..afbfb64be4 100644 --- a/mat/05/11.md +++ b/mat/05/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # for my sake "because you follow me" or because you believe in me" - diff --git a/mat/05/12.md b/mat/05/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/05/12.md +++ b/mat/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/05/13.md b/mat/05/13.md index a7b60960ba..9063ed94b5 100644 --- a/mat/05/13.md +++ b/mat/05/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "if the salt has lost its power to do things that salt # except to be thrown out and trampled under people's feet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "except for people to throw it out into the road and walk on it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/14.md b/mat/05/14.md index 155ba79144..38310e902f 100644 --- a/mat/05/14.md +++ b/mat/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means Jesus's followers bring the message of God's truth to all the people # A city set on a hill cannot be hidden At night when it is dark, people can see the city lights shining. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "During the night, no one can hide the lights that shine from a city on a hill" or "Everyone sees the lights of a city on a hill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/15.md b/mat/05/15.md index 9479f69bb1..036a408f93 100644 --- a/mat/05/15.md +++ b/mat/05/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # put it under a basket "place the lamp under a basket." This is saying it is foolish to create light only to hide it so people do not see the light of the lamp. - diff --git a/mat/05/16.md b/mat/05/16.md index e8e42c6c96..8ab3ff5eb8 100644 --- a/mat/05/16.md +++ b/mat/05/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means a disciple of Jesus should live in such a way that others can learn a # your Father who is in heaven It is best to translate "Father" with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to a human father. - diff --git a/mat/05/17.md b/mat/05/17.md index 9e159aec19..1de36196e7 100644 --- a/mat/05/17.md +++ b/mat/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. # the prophets This refers to what the prophets wrote in the scriptures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/18.md b/mat/05/18.md index 2fde57b5b1..c2bb28aa10 100644 --- a/mat/05/18.md +++ b/mat/05/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all things have happe # all things The phrase "all things" refers to everything in the law. Alternate translation: "everything in the law" or "all that is written in the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/19.md b/mat/05/19.md index 0a8d559cbd..a315c64f16 100644 --- a/mat/05/19.md +++ b/mat/05/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is foun # great most important - diff --git a/mat/05/20.md b/mat/05/20.md index 965d7e48ff..66a344a5e9 100644 --- a/mat/05/20.md +++ b/mat/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # that unless your righteousness exceeds ... Pharisees, you will in no way enter This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "that your righteousness must exceed ... Pharisees in order to enter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/21.md b/mat/05/21.md index b34dc81590..1f337e47f2 100644 --- a/mat/05/21.md +++ b/mat/05/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be expressed with an active verb. Alternate translation: "God said to t # will be subject to judgment Possible meanings are 1) "will have to go to the judge" or 2) "will be in danger of punishment." - diff --git a/mat/05/22.md b/mat/05/22.md index 4dadf2d351..7cd8b4d498 100644 --- a/mat/05/22.md +++ b/mat/05/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Both of these insults represent a person who cannot think correctly. "Worthless # council This was likely a local council, not the main Sanhedrin in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/mat/05/23.md b/mat/05/23.md index 6cf5c7a2f0..1a4ae16995 100644 --- a/mat/05/23.md +++ b/mat/05/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is implied that this is God's altar at the temple in Jerusalem. Alternate tra # your brother has anything against you "another person is angry with you because of something you did" - diff --git a/mat/05/24.md b/mat/05/24.md index 4e3b07beff..26f76d8ad3 100644 --- a/mat/05/24.md +++ b/mat/05/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # First be reconciled with your brother This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "First make peace with the person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/25.md b/mat/05/25.md index e7b46400c7..7142290143 100644 --- a/mat/05/25.md +++ b/mat/05/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ a person who has authority to carry out the decisions of a judge # you may be thrown into prison This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the officer might put you in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/26.md b/mat/05/26.md index 801ee94556..e0435f6f6b 100644 --- a/mat/05/26.md +++ b/mat/05/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from there "from prison" - diff --git a/mat/05/27.md b/mat/05/27.md index ec5b327720..8317442e2d 100644 --- a/mat/05/27.md +++ b/mat/05/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God said" or "th # commit This word means to act out or do something. - diff --git a/mat/05/28.md b/mat/05/28.md index 757e38494b..20e52051b2 100644 --- a/mat/05/28.md +++ b/mat/05/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This metaphor indicates that a man who lusts after a woman is as guilty of adult # in his heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's thoughts. Alternate translation: "in his mind" or "in his thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/29.md b/mat/05/29.md index 36d8860ff0..e6c77f4f00 100644 --- a/mat/05/29.md +++ b/mat/05/29.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is an exaggerated command for a person to do whatever he needs to do to sto # than that your whole body should be thrown into hell This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "than for God to throw your whole body into hell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/30.md b/mat/05/30.md index d2777074e2..beca4ecf5d 100644 --- a/mat/05/30.md +++ b/mat/05/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means the most important hand, as opposed to the left hand. You may need to # cut it off This is an exaggerated command for a person to do whatever he needs to do to stop sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/31.md b/mat/05/31.md index d66bc1201b..962976f05d 100644 --- a/mat/05/31.md +++ b/mat/05/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a euphemism for "divorces his wife." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-eup # let him give "he must give" - diff --git a/mat/05/32.md b/mat/05/32.md index 06863011a6..fdbaf0572f 100644 --- a/mat/05/32.md +++ b/mat/05/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is the man who divorces the woman improperly who "causes her to commit adulte # her after she has been divorced This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "her after her husband has divorced her" or "the divorced woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/33.md b/mat/05/33.md index 1fe6cc9f18..29b1e6bdb1 100644 --- a/mat/05/33.md +++ b/mat/05/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be expressed with an active verb. Alternate translation: "God said to t # Do not swear a false oath, but carry out your oaths to the Lord. "Do not swear that you will do something and then not do it. Instead do whatever you have sworn to the Lord that you will do" - diff --git a/mat/05/34.md b/mat/05/34.md index ca3d943003..ff92304e1b 100644 --- a/mat/05/34.md +++ b/mat/05/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus agrees with God and his word, but he does not agree with the way the relig # it is the throne of God Because God reigns from heaven, Jesus speaks of heaven as if it were a throne. Alternate translation: "it is from here that God rules" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/35.md b/mat/05/35.md index 6076831e2b..53ea578873 100644 --- a/mat/05/35.md +++ b/mat/05/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This metaphor means the earth also belongs to God. Alternate translation: "it is # for it is the city of the great King "for it is the city that belongs to God, the great King" - diff --git a/mat/05/36.md b/mat/05/36.md index 46240d1064..66439f7750 100644 --- a/mat/05/36.md +++ b/mat/05/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and # swear This refers to taking an oath. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:34](../05/34.md). - diff --git a/mat/05/37.md b/mat/05/37.md index 8140ea47b9..6307b0e8ac 100644 --- a/mat/05/37.md +++ b/mat/05/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let your speech be 'Yes, yes,' or 'No, no.' "if you mean 'yes,' say 'yes,' and if you mean 'no,' say 'no.'" - diff --git a/mat/05/38.md b/mat/05/38.md index 8d658e5a41..e9e82b3db2 100644 --- a/mat/05/38.md +++ b/mat/05/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:27] # eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth The law of Moses allowed a person to harm a person in the same way he had harmed him, but he could not harm him worse. - diff --git a/mat/05/39.md b/mat/05/39.md index 2dad2042c6..d95ea17f30 100644 --- a/mat/05/39.md +++ b/mat/05/39.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ hits with the back of an open hand # turn to him the other also "let him hit your other cheek also" - diff --git a/mat/05/40.md b/mat/05/40.md index c32b8de5ea..7ca264a1b7 100644 --- a/mat/05/40.md +++ b/mat/05/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "tunic" was worn close to the body, like a heavy shirt or a sweater. The "cl # let that person also have "give also to that person" - diff --git a/mat/05/41.md b/mat/05/41.md index 71be7b378a..8ab1d0cb81 100644 --- a/mat/05/41.md +++ b/mat/05/41.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the one who compels you to go. # go with him two "go the mile he forces you to go, and then go another mile." If "mile" is confusing, you can translate it as "two kilometers" or "twice as far." - diff --git a/mat/05/42.md b/mat/05/42.md index 8934194d14..61cf57a4e3 100644 --- a/mat/05/42.md +++ b/mat/05/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not turn away from "do not refuse to lend to." This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "lend to" - diff --git a/mat/05/43.md b/mat/05/43.md index 03425652ac..431ec92ba8 100644 --- a/mat/05/43.md +++ b/mat/05/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:27] # your neighbor Here the word "neighbor" does not refer to a specific neighbor, but to any members of one's community or people group. These are people whom one usually desires to treat kindly or at least believes he ought to treat kindly. Alternate translation: "your countrymen" or "those who belong to your people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/44.md b/mat/05/44.md index 77c2313678..eea068b08b 100644 --- a/mat/05/44.md +++ b/mat/05/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus agrees with God and his word, but he does not agree with the way the relig # I say to you ... your enemies ... pray ... persecute you All instances of "you" and "your," as well as the command to pray, are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/45.md b/mat/05/45.md index fdc69e23b1..ed51bf1216 100644 --- a/mat/05/45.md +++ b/mat/05/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is best to translate "sons" with the same word your language would naturally # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/46.md b/mat/05/46.md index 5095d708db..576ee26153 100644 --- a/mat/05/46.md +++ b/mat/05/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to teach the people that loving those who love them is # Do not even the tax collectors do the same thing? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Even the tax collectors do the same thing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/47.md b/mat/05/47.md index 128a8f0a50..7748a65f3b 100644 --- a/mat/05/47.md +++ b/mat/05/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a general term for showing a desire for the well-being of the hearer. # Do not even the Gentiles do the same thing? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Even the Gentiles do the same thing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/48.md b/mat/05/48.md index 633cc0d1d9..d95500fcdf 100644 --- a/mat/05/48.md +++ b/mat/05/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/05/intro.md b/mat/05/intro.md index b8d435de70..3182205bcb 100644 --- a/mat/05/intro.md +++ b/mat/05/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Matthew 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Many people call the words in Matthew 5-7 the Sermon on the Mount. This is one long lesson that Jesus taught. Bibles divide this lesson into three chapters, but this can sometimes confuse the reader. If your translation divides the text into sections, be sure that the reader understands that the whole sermon is one large section. @@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ Matthew 5:3-10, known as The Beatitudes or as The Blessings, has been set apart Jesus spoke about many different subjects in this sermon, so you may wish to help the reader by putting an empty line into the text whenever Jesus changed the subject. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "His disciples" +### "His disciples" -It is possible to refer to anyone who followed Jesus as a follower or disciple. Jesus selected twelve of his followers to become his closest disciples, "the twelve disciples." They would later become known as the apostles. +It is possible to refer to anyone who followed Jesus as a follower or disciple. Jesus selected twelve of his followers to become his closest disciples, "the twelve disciples." They would later become known as the apostles. ## Links: + * __[Matthew 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/06/01.md b/mat/06/01.md index c131fe6d6a..9e47474edc 100644 --- a/mat/06/01.md +++ b/mat/06/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is implied that those who see the person will honor him. This can be stated i # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/02.md b/mat/06/02.md index 371806354c..d9d48fd663 100644 --- a/mat/06/02.md +++ b/mat/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor means to do something that purposefully gets people's attention. A # Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. - diff --git a/mat/06/03.md b/mat/06/03.md index d40a1ac8bb..6f54f338c8 100644 --- a/mat/06/03.md +++ b/mat/06/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues to teach his disciples about alms. # do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing This is a metaphor for total secrecy. Just as hands usually work together and each can be said to "know" what the other is doing at all times, you should not let even those closest to you know when you are giving to the poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/04.md b/mat/06/04.md index ca72eed940..13eb5258cd 100644 --- a/mat/06/04.md +++ b/mat/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your alms may be given in secret This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you can give to the poor without other people knowing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/05.md b/mat/06/05.md index a70a23aef7..6e85cd623d 100644 --- a/mat/06/05.md +++ b/mat/06/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that those who see them will give them honor. This can be stated i # Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. - diff --git a/mat/06/06.md b/mat/06/06.md index 763893550b..880a4e597e 100644 --- a/mat/06/06.md +++ b/mat/06/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # your Father who sees in secret "your Father will see what you do in private and" - diff --git a/mat/06/07.md b/mat/06/07.md index f7fc0eff87..1010771174 100644 --- a/mat/06/07.md +++ b/mat/06/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the repetitions are useless. Alternate translation: "do # they will be heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "their false gods will hear them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/08.md b/mat/06/08.md index 9214e2eca0..8cbf4c8301 100644 --- a/mat/06/08.md +++ b/mat/06/08.md @@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # you ask him - See how you translated "ask" in [Matthew 5:42](../05/42.md). - +See how you translated "ask" in [Matthew 5:42](../05/42.md). diff --git a/mat/06/09.md b/mat/06/09.md index f5e79bc0d0..2a23517584 100644 --- a/mat/06/09.md +++ b/mat/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "your name" refers to God himself. This can also be expressed with an activ # may your name be honored as holy By saying this, people show that they want to honor God as holy. Alternate translation: "help us to honor your name as holy" or "we want to honor you as holy" - diff --git a/mat/06/10.md b/mat/06/10.md index 9de4e8a719..128d134d27 100644 --- a/mat/06/10.md +++ b/mat/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "May you rul # May your will be done on earth as it is in heaven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May everything on earth happen in accordance with your will, just as everything in heaven does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/11.md b/mat/06/11.md index 73487dff23..e433af0888 100644 --- a/mat/06/11.md +++ b/mat/06/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is part of a prayer that Jesus was teaching the people. All instances of "w # daily bread Here "bread" refers to food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/12.md b/mat/06/12.md index 4c42e54b9b..2b6f9a74f3 100644 --- a/mat/06/12.md +++ b/mat/06/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A debt is what one person owes another. This is a metaphor for sins. (See: [[rc: # our debtors A debtor is a person who owes a debt to another person. This is a metaphor for those who have sinned against us. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/13.md b/mat/06/13.md index 40d12db576..d860e4994b 100644 --- a/mat/06/13.md +++ b/mat/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not bring us into temptation The word "temptation," an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "Do not let anything tempt us" or "Do not let anything cause us to desire to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/14.md b/mat/06/14.md index 938d269bdf..4708b3fdef 100644 --- a/mat/06/14.md +++ b/mat/06/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "trespasses" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translatio # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/15.md b/mat/06/15.md index 3dda168f0c..34699b7347 100644 --- a/mat/06/15.md +++ b/mat/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their trespasses ... your trespasses The abstract noun "trespasses" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "them when they trespass against you ... you when you trespass against God" or "them when they do things that harm you ... you when you do things that make your Father angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/16.md b/mat/06/16.md index 1a31db3734..d2bc8ce400 100644 --- a/mat/06/16.md +++ b/mat/06/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The hypocrites would not wash their faces and would not comb their hair. They di # Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. - diff --git a/mat/06/17.md b/mat/06/17.md index 4c9a5f791c..2bfc993a61 100644 --- a/mat/06/17.md +++ b/mat/06/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or s # anoint your head "put oil in your hair" or "groom your hair." To "anoint" the head here is to take normal care of one's hair. It has nothing to do with "Christ" meaning "anointed one." Jesus means that people should look the same whether they are fasting or not. - diff --git a/mat/06/18.md b/mat/06/18.md index 3dc4932a01..2d630d1038 100644 --- a/mat/06/18.md +++ b/mat/06/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # who sees in secret "who sees what you do in private." See how you translated this in [Matthew 6:6](../06/06.md). - diff --git a/mat/06/19.md b/mat/06/19.md index 46a7a0a8e1..3ee0a0de7d 100644 --- a/mat/06/19.md +++ b/mat/06/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ a small, flying insect that destroys cloth # rust a brown substance that forms on metals - diff --git a/mat/06/20.md b/mat/06/20.md index e53c5e467a..420c3b34a3 100644 --- a/mat/06/20.md +++ b/mat/06/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or s # store up for yourselves treasures in heaven This is a metaphor that means do good things on earth so God will reward you in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/21.md b/mat/06/21.md index 4fa503722d..f0f39e4ea1 100644 --- a/mat/06/21.md +++ b/mat/06/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All occurrences of "your" are singular, though in some languages they may also n # there will your heart be also Here "heart" means a person's thoughts and interests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/22.md b/mat/06/22.md index 517c37b4d7..c33fb4d8bb 100644 --- a/mat/06/22.md +++ b/mat/06/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "you are full of righteousness" or 2) "you understand w # eye is You may have to translate this as plural, "eyes are." - diff --git a/mat/06/23.md b/mat/06/23.md index 00a9911ae8..1de2d46350 100644 --- a/mat/06/23.md +++ b/mat/06/23.md @@ -14,9 +14,6 @@ This does not refer to magic. Jewish people often used this as a metaphor for so Possible meanings are "you are full of evil" or 2) "you will understand nothing about what is right." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - - # if the light that is in you is actually darkness, how great is that darkness! "if that which is supposed to cause light in your body causes darkness, then your body is in complete darkness" - diff --git a/mat/06/24.md b/mat/06/24.md index 4c04850b07..5016e14fff 100644 --- a/mat/06/24.md +++ b/mat/06/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that a perso # You cannot serve God and wealth "You cannot love God and money at the same time" - diff --git a/mat/06/25.md b/mat/06/25.md index 49dbe23b88..251ba194cc 100644 --- a/mat/06/25.md +++ b/mat/06/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or s # is not life more than food, and the body more than clothes? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "obviously life is more than what you eat, and your body is more than what you wear." or "clearly there are things in life that are more imortant than food, and there are things concerning the body that are more important than clothes." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/26.md b/mat/06/26.md index dfb6283911..454f9f43a9 100644 --- a/mat/06/26.md +++ b/mat/06/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # Are you not more valuable than they are? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "Obviously you are more valuable than birds." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/27.md b/mat/06/27.md index d05295f4ca..e3bf936aae 100644 --- a/mat/06/27.md +++ b/mat/06/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Here to "add one cubit to his lifespa # one cubit A cubit, a measure of a little less than half a meter, is used here as a metaphor for a short period of time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/28.md b/mat/06/28.md index cf792efc65..bb4f955209 100644 --- a/mat/06/28.md +++ b/mat/06/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus speaks about the lilies as if they were people who wore clothes. The lilie # lilies A lily is a kind of wild flower. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/29.md b/mat/06/29.md index eb94249fd8..5b90243018 100644 --- a/mat/06/29.md +++ b/mat/06/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. # was not clothed like one of these This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "did not wear clothes that are as beautiful as these lilies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/30.md b/mat/06/30.md index 0ba00f250f..ad8f6de853 100644 --- a/mat/06/30.md +++ b/mat/06/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to teach the people that God will provide what they nee # you of little faith "you who have such little faith." Jesus addresses the people this way because their anxiety about clothing shows they have little faith in God. - diff --git a/mat/06/31.md b/mat/06/31.md index b050aa3d97..ca40338f40 100644 --- a/mat/06/31.md +++ b/mat/06/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What clothes will we wear In this sentence, "clothes" is a synecdoche for material possessions. Alternate translation: "What possessions will we have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/32.md b/mat/06/32.md index 62bba45037..62b6071b28 100644 --- a/mat/06/32.md +++ b/mat/06/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is implying that God will make sure their basic needs are met. # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/33.md b/mat/06/33.md index 4fbea7355d..c1f951d195 100644 --- a/mat/06/33.md +++ b/mat/06/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "concern you # all these things will be given to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will provide all these things for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/34.md b/mat/06/34.md index 502200c733..dd9ed4f3b1 100644 --- a/mat/06/34.md +++ b/mat/06/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # tomorrow will be anxious for itself Jesus speaks of "tomorrow" as if it were a person who could worry. Jesus means that a person will have enough to worry about when the next day comes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/mat/06/intro.md b/mat/06/intro.md index 509e277116..e8e7a6121d 100644 --- a/mat/06/intro.md +++ b/mat/06/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,15 @@ # Matthew 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Matthew 6 continues Jesus's extended teaching known as "The Sermon on the Mount." +Matthew 6 continues Jesus's extended teaching known as "The Sermon on the Mount." You may wish to set apart the prayer in 6:9-11 by placing it farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. Jesus spoke about many different subjects in this sermon, so you may wish to help the reader by putting an empty line into the text whenever Jesus changed the subject. ## Links: + * __[Matthew 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/07/01.md b/mat/07/01.md index 00ca15838a..dcab5780e6 100644 --- a/mat/07/01.md +++ b/mat/07/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied here that "judge" has the strong meaning of "condemn harshly" or " # you will not be judged This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not condemn you harshly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/02.md b/mat/07/02.md index e6b5f7a2a3..952ff8a60d 100644 --- a/mat/07/02.md +++ b/mat/07/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is the amount of punishment given or 2) this is th # it will be measured out to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will measure it out to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/03.md b/mat/07/03.md index 21ad3053ed..0fe718e1c6 100644 --- a/mat/07/03.md +++ b/mat/07/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is a metaphor for a person's most important faults. A log could not literal # log the largest part of a tree that someone has cut down - diff --git a/mat/07/04.md b/mat/07/04.md index db1cae318e..9046a879a8 100644 --- a/mat/07/04.md +++ b/mat/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How can you say ... your own eye? Jesus asks this question to challenge the people to pay attention to their own sins before they pay attention to another person's sins. Alternate translation: "You should not say ... your own eye." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/05.md b/mat/07/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/07/05.md +++ b/mat/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/07/06.md b/mat/07/06.md index 143fcdeeea..bf94700e20 100644 --- a/mat/07/06.md +++ b/mat/07/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are similar to round, valuable stones or beads. They are a metaphor for th # then turn and tear "the dogs will then turn and tear" - diff --git a/mat/07/07.md b/mat/07/07.md index 7eb6cee2c1..6638bb3ae0 100644 --- a/mat/07/07.md +++ b/mat/07/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ To knock on a door was a polite way to request that the person inside the house # it will be opened to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will open it for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/08.md b/mat/07/08.md index cb6d2b88a7..bd0b54afcf 100644 --- a/mat/07/08.md +++ b/mat/07/08.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # who ... asks - See how you translated "ask" in [Matthew 5:42](../05/42.md). \ No newline at end of file +See how you translated "ask" in [Matthew 5:42](../05/42.md). diff --git a/mat/07/09.md b/mat/07/09.md index 0293d27d0f..6b4f87cdc5 100644 --- a/mat/07/09.md +++ b/mat/07/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "some food" (See: [[rc:// # stone This noun should be translated literally. - diff --git a/mat/07/10.md b/mat/07/10.md index 6eb4c56a27..1b66dd02f4 100644 --- a/mat/07/10.md +++ b/mat/07/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated "asks" in [Matthew 5:42](../05/42.md). # fish ... snake These nouns should be translated literally. - diff --git a/mat/07/11.md b/mat/07/11.md index db15e13ac5..a974b9b530 100644 --- a/mat/07/11.md +++ b/mat/07/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # ask him See how you translated "asks" in [Matthew 5:42](../05/42.md). - diff --git a/mat/07/12.md b/mat/07/12.md index b82e79c452..38649981d0 100644 --- a/mat/07/12.md +++ b/mat/07/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for this is the law and the prophets Here "law" and "prophets" refer to what Moses and the prophets wrote. Alternate translation: "for this is what Moses and the prophets teach in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/13.md b/mat/07/13.md index cc4e23a449..7978a7177e 100644 --- a/mat/07/13.md +++ b/mat/07/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the way" refers to the road that leads to the gate of # to destruction This abstract noun can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "to the place where people die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/14.md b/mat/07/14.md index 92b0d87923..67ca4899ba 100644 --- a/mat/07/14.md +++ b/mat/07/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues to speak of people choosing how they are going to live as if the # to life The abstract noun "life" can be translated using the verb "live." Alternate translation: "to the place where people live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/15.md b/mat/07/15.md index b4231add13..adbae74bb6 100644 --- a/mat/07/15.md +++ b/mat/07/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor means that false prophets will pretend they they are good and want # ravenous wolves wolves that are extremely hungry and that consume or destroy everything they touch - diff --git a/mat/07/16.md b/mat/07/16.md index d4fd48872e..b0cd7dbb22 100644 --- a/mat/07/16.md +++ b/mat/07/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This metaphor refers to a person's actions. Alternate translation: "Just as you # Do people gather ... thistles? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. The people would have known that the answer is no. Alternate translation: "People do not gather ... thistles." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/17.md b/mat/07/17.md index 60ad723901..f23889ad6b 100644 --- a/mat/07/17.md +++ b/mat/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues to use the metaphor of fruit to refer to good prophets who produ # the bad tree produces bad fruit Jesus continues to use the metaphor of fruit to refer to bad prophets who produce evil works. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/18.md b/mat/07/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/07/18.md +++ b/mat/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/07/19.md b/mat/07/19.md index 639f28d1bd..733d327003 100644 --- a/mat/07/19.md +++ b/mat/07/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people chop down and # chopped down See how you translated this in [Matthew 3:10](../03/10.md) - diff --git a/mat/07/20.md b/mat/07/20.md index 16990e4ad5..eba7ab1d17 100644 --- a/mat/07/20.md +++ b/mat/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will recognize them by their fruits The word "their" can refer to either the prophets or the trees. This metaphor implies that the fruit of trees and the deeds of prophets both reveal whether they are good or bad. If possible, translate this in a way so that it can refer to both trees and prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/21.md b/mat/07/21.md index c2789710f4..009dbbef22 100644 --- a/mat/07/21.md +++ b/mat/07/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of he # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/22.md b/mat/07/22.md index 698688e66b..d7b1f78b48 100644 --- a/mat/07/22.md +++ b/mat/07/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This "we" does not include Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) # in your name Possible meanings are 1) "by your authority" or "by your power" or 2) "because we were doing what you wanted us to do" or 3) "because we asked you for the power to do it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/23.md b/mat/07/23.md index 7964c02581..4b687c1ea5 100644 --- a/mat/07/23.md +++ b/mat/07/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I never knew you This means the person does not belong to Jesus. Alternate translation: "You are not my follower" or "I have nothing to do with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/24.md b/mat/07/24.md index 54159e80f4..c894d2c991 100644 --- a/mat/07/24.md +++ b/mat/07/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus compares those who obey his words to a person who builds his house where n # rock This is the bedrock below the topsoil and clay, not a large stone or boulder above the ground. - diff --git a/mat/07/25.md b/mat/07/25.md index a940af0faf..dca074e231 100644 --- a/mat/07/25.md +++ b/mat/07/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it was founded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he put its foundation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/26.md b/mat/07/26.md index 5be05899f3..b57958b4a4 100644 --- a/mat/07/26.md +++ b/mat/07/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like a foolish man who built his house upon the sand Jesus continues the simile from the previous verse. He compares those who do not obey his words to foolish house-builders. Only a fool would build a house on a sandy place where rain, floods, and wind can sweep the sand away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mat/07/27.md b/mat/07/27.md index 1a42ddf73e..2760179005 100644 --- a/mat/07/27.md +++ b/mat/07/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Use the general word in your language that describes what happens when a house f # its destruction was complete The rain, floods, and wind completely destroyed the house. - diff --git a/mat/07/28.md b/mat/07/28.md index f8e29b09a3..f2cf9aea80 100644 --- a/mat/07/28.md +++ b/mat/07/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase shifts the story from Jesus's teachings to what happened next. Alter # were astonished by his teaching It is clear in 7:29 that they were amazed not just at what Jesus taught but also the way he taught it. Alternate translation: "were amazed by the way he taught" - diff --git a/mat/07/29.md b/mat/07/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/07/29.md +++ b/mat/07/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/07/intro.md b/mat/07/intro.md index e50a9c0e7f..df10b9ef46 100644 --- a/mat/07/intro.md +++ b/mat/07/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,21 @@ # Matthew 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Jesus spoke about many different subjects in this sermon, so you may wish to help the reader by putting an empty line into the text whenever Jesus changed the subject. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Matthew 5-7 +### Matthew 5-7 Many people call the words in Matthew 5-7 the Sermon on the Mount. This is one long lesson that Jesus taught. Bibles divide this lesson into three chapters, but this can sometimes confuse the reader. If your translation divides the text into sections, be sure that the reader understands that the whole sermon is one large section. -#### "By their fruits you will know them" +### "By their fruits you will know them" Fruit is a common image in the scriptures. It is used to describe the results of either good or bad actions. In this chapter, good fruit is the result of living as God commands. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]]) ## Links: + * __[Matthew 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/08/01.md b/mat/08/01.md index 8e8eaf6709..69a74eea6d 100644 --- a/mat/08/01.md +++ b/mat/08/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the beginning of a new part of the story that contains several accounts # When Jesus had come down from the hill, large crowds followed him "After Jesus came down from the hill, a large crowd followed him." The crowd may have included both people who had been with him on the mountain and people who had not been with him. - diff --git a/mat/08/02.md b/mat/08/02.md index 525be04304..35bf6eb82c 100644 --- a/mat/08/02.md +++ b/mat/08/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a sign of humble respect before Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transl # you can make me clean Here "clean" means to be healed and to be able to live in the community again. Alternate translation: "you can heal me" or "please heal me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/03.md b/mat/08/03.md index 55fb1a5066..581c8d25c8 100644 --- a/mat/08/03.md +++ b/mat/08/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ By saying this, Jesus healed the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative # he was cleansed of his leprosy The result of Jesus saying "Be clean" was that the man was healed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he was well" or "the leprosy left him" or "the leprosy ended" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/04.md b/mat/08/04.md index 93b6ed85b5..9456b3fab5 100644 --- a/mat/08/04.md +++ b/mat/08/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The law of Moses required that someone healed of leprosy give a thanksgiving off # to them This can possibly refer to 1) the priests or 2) all the people or 3) the critics of Jesus. If possible, use a pronoun that could refer to any of these groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/05.md b/mat/08/05.md index 542a6794f9..f99de87558 100644 --- a/mat/08/05.md +++ b/mat/08/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the scene shifts to a different time and place and tells about Jesus healin # When he was coming into Capernaum "When Jesus was coming into Capernaum" - diff --git a/mat/08/06.md b/mat/08/06.md index 36fc221a23..c463c5bafe 100644 --- a/mat/08/06.md +++ b/mat/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # paralyzed unable to move because of disease or stroke - diff --git a/mat/08/07.md b/mat/08/07.md index 06ba3a09e3..40cac817e4 100644 --- a/mat/08/07.md +++ b/mat/08/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will come and heal him "I will come to your house and make your servant well" - diff --git a/mat/08/08.md b/mat/08/08.md index 28ac904eb9..65a51bf1c9 100644 --- a/mat/08/08.md +++ b/mat/08/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "word" represents a command. Alternate translation: "give the command" (See # will be healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will become well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/09.md b/mat/08/09.md index 4f77293875..e377eee892 100644 --- a/mat/08/09.md +++ b/mat/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # under authority ... under me To be "under" someone means to be less important and to obey the commands of someone more important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/10.md b/mat/08/10.md index ded312bc40..19dea96a5e 100644 --- a/mat/08/10.md +++ b/mat/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I have not found anyone with such faith in Israel Jesus's hearers would have thought that the Jews in Israel, who claim to be children of God, would have greater faith than anyone. Jesus is saying they are wrong and that the centurion's faith was greater. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/11.md b/mat/08/11.md index c94e1a19b3..578ed4db40 100644 --- a/mat/08/11.md +++ b/mat/08/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People in that culture would lie down beside the table while eating. This phrase # in the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "when our God in heaven shows that he is king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/12.md b/mat/08/12.md index 05a687bd92..4442b5eb9a 100644 --- a/mat/08/12.md +++ b/mat/08/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "outer darkness" is a metonym for the place where God sends those who rejec # weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" here is a symbolic act, representing extreme sadness and suffering. Alternate translation: "weeping and showing their extreme suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/13.md b/mat/08/13.md index c4a587c575..151c508879 100644 --- a/mat/08/13.md +++ b/mat/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus healed the serv # at that very hour "at the exact time Jesus said he would heal the servant" - diff --git a/mat/08/14.md b/mat/08/14.md index 2c45e7a4e3..3a51504dc2 100644 --- a/mat/08/14.md +++ b/mat/08/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The disciples were probably with Jesus, but the focus of the story is on what Je # Peter's mother-in-law "the mother of Peter's wife" - diff --git a/mat/08/15.md b/mat/08/15.md index 981d3ef327..a244cf1646 100644 --- a/mat/08/15.md +++ b/mat/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ If your language would understand this personification to mean that the fever co # got up "got out of bed" - diff --git a/mat/08/16.md b/mat/08/16.md index 315616311d..fe81bbf66b 100644 --- a/mat/08/16.md +++ b/mat/08/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "many people whom demo # He drove out the spirits with a word Here "word" stands for a command. Alternate translation: "He commanded the spirits to leave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/17.md b/mat/08/17.md index dfd4844086..148e876c02 100644 --- a/mat/08/17.md +++ b/mat/08/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what Isaiah the proph # He took our illnesses and bore our diseases Matthew is quoting the prophet Isaiah to show that when Jesus healed people, he fulfilled what Isaiah had said would happen. These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Jesus truly did this. Alternate translation: "Truly he took our illnesses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/18.md b/mat/08/18.md index 1e315a3d8f..cfc40a2f14 100644 --- a/mat/08/18.md +++ b/mat/08/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a change in the main story. Here Matthew starts t # he gave instructions "he told his disciples" - diff --git a/mat/08/19.md b/mat/08/19.md index edb0b6168b..2376c4a751 100644 --- a/mat/08/19.md +++ b/mat/08/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means after Jesus "gave instructions" but before he could get into the boat # wherever to any place - diff --git a/mat/08/20.md b/mat/08/20.md index da0a40c213..a761d73a4f 100644 --- a/mat/08/20.md +++ b/mat/08/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) # nowhere to lay his head This refers to a place to sleep. Alternate translation: "no place of his own to sleep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/21.md b/mat/08/21.md index edd6dcb4a1..b003e04169 100644 --- a/mat/08/21.md +++ b/mat/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # allow me first to go and bury my father It is unclear whether the man's father has died and he will bury him immediately, or if the man wants to stay for a longer amount of time until his father dies so he can bury him then. The main point is that the man wants to do something else first before he follows Jesus. - diff --git a/mat/08/22.md b/mat/08/22.md index cdf9fc9394..3e4d0433f8 100644 --- a/mat/08/22.md +++ b/mat/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # leave the dead to bury their own dead Jesus does not mean literally that dead people will bury other dead people. Possible meanings of "the dead": 1) it is a metaphor for those who will soon die, or 2) it is a metaphor for those who do not follow Jesus and are spiritually dead. The main point is that a disciple must not let anything delay him from following Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/23.md b/mat/08/23.md index 033fbf8aea..58765bd5a3 100644 --- a/mat/08/23.md +++ b/mat/08/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the scene shifts to the account of Jesus calming a storm as he and his disc # his disciples followed him Try to use the same words for "disciple" and "follow" that you used in ([Matthew 8:21-22](./21.md)). - diff --git a/mat/08/24.md b/mat/08/24.md index 4271d74a05..02d0f1293a 100644 --- a/mat/08/24.md +++ b/mat/08/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a powerful storm aros # so that the boat was covered with the waves This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that the waves covered the boat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/25.md b/mat/08/25.md index af2cab19c9..7950a2d0e6 100644 --- a/mat/08/25.md +++ b/mat/08/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If you need to translate these words as inclusive or exclusive, then inclusive i # we are perishing "we are going to die very soon." The word "perishing" is a strong word for "dying." - diff --git a/mat/08/26.md b/mat/08/26.md index 2fd718d843..06b768596b 100644 --- a/mat/08/26.md +++ b/mat/08/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus was rebuking the disciples with this rhetorical question. Alternate transl # you of little faith "you who have such little faith." Jesus addresses his disciples this way because their anxiety about the storm shows they have little faith in him to control it. See how you translated this in [Matthew 6:30](../06/30.md). - diff --git a/mat/08/27.md b/mat/08/27.md index ab96d0ffa0..b91ff95c81 100644 --- a/mat/08/27.md +++ b/mat/08/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # even the winds and the sea obey him For people or animals to obey or disobey is not surprising, but for wind and water to obey is very surprising. This personification describes the natural elements as being able to hear and respond like people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/28.md b/mat/08/28.md index 8d02b4b5bf..c193f54fca 100644 --- a/mat/08/28.md +++ b/mat/08/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "two men whom demons p # They ... were very violent, so that no traveler could pass that way The demons that were controlling these two men were so dangerous that no one could go through that area. - diff --git a/mat/08/29.md b/mat/08/29.md index 9adfd5238c..5443490950 100644 --- a/mat/08/29.md +++ b/mat/08/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, which describes his relationship to God. ( # Have you come here to torment us before the set time? Again, the demons use a question in a hostile way. Alternate translation: "You should not disobey God by punishing us before the specific time God has set when he will punish us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/30.md b/mat/08/30.md index ba470080aa..99ae000cce 100644 --- a/mat/08/30.md +++ b/mat/08/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a pause in the story. Here Matthew tells background information about a herd of pigs that had been there before Jesus arrived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/31.md b/mat/08/31.md index 080e6a8456..f64f6dca63 100644 --- a/mat/08/31.md +++ b/mat/08/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the demons knew that Jesus was going to cast them out. Altern # us This is exclusive, meaning the demons only. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/32.md b/mat/08/32.md index b4fa9773f5..08653f0ee3 100644 --- a/mat/08/32.md +++ b/mat/08/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. # they died in the water "they fell into the water and drowned" - diff --git a/mat/08/33.md b/mat/08/33.md index 72f1725809..61ce94110e 100644 --- a/mat/08/33.md +++ b/mat/08/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This concludes the account of Jesus healing two demon-possessed men. # what had happened to the men who had been possessed by demons This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what Jesus did to help the men whom demons had controlled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/08/34.md b/mat/08/34.md index 4b6628aee0..2c9f7dc5fb 100644 --- a/mat/08/34.md +++ b/mat/08/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "city" is a metonym for the people of the city. The word "all" is proba # their region "their area" - diff --git a/mat/08/intro.md b/mat/08/intro.md index f678f8e980..9f6834a059 100644 --- a/mat/08/intro.md +++ b/mat/08/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Matthew 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins a new section. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Miracles +### Miracles Jesus performed miracles to show that he could control things that no other people could control. He also showed that it is proper to worship him because he performed miracles. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/authority]]) ## Links: + * __[Matthew 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/09/01.md b/mat/09/01.md index d764b2b1f6..1765f45a5a 100644 --- a/mat/09/01.md +++ b/mat/09/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is probably the same boat as in [Matthew 8:23](../08/23.md). You only need # into his own city "to the town where he lived." This refers to Capernaum. - diff --git a/mat/09/02.md b/mat/09/02.md index f045f1355c..b808d5d9eb 100644 --- a/mat/09/02.md +++ b/mat/09/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The man was not Jesus's real son. Jesus was speaking to him politely. If this is # Your sins have been forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have forgiven your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/03.md b/mat/09/03.md index a2bf42fbdd..cfb9167999 100644 --- a/mat/09/03.md +++ b/mat/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) each one was thinking to himself, or 2) they were speak # blaspheming Jesus was claiming to be able to do things the scribes thought only God can do. - diff --git a/mat/09/04.md b/mat/09/04.md index 33aa845b0c..d1ba10f0b5 100644 --- a/mat/09/04.md +++ b/mat/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus used this question to rebuke the scribes. Here "hearts" refers to their mi # evil This is moral evil or wickedness, not simply error in fact. - diff --git a/mat/09/05.md b/mat/09/05.md index a1c5669874..4c62c471f9 100644 --- a/mat/09/05.md +++ b/mat/09/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The quotes can be translated as indirect quotes. Alternate translation: "which i # Your sins are forgiven Here "your" is singular. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have forgiven your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/06.md b/mat/09/06.md index 9f5f31f4e7..1d9226fca4 100644 --- a/mat/09/06.md +++ b/mat/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # go to your house Jesus is not forbidding the man to go elsewhere. He is giving the man the opportunity to go home. - diff --git a/mat/09/07.md b/mat/09/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/09/07.md +++ b/mat/09/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/09/08.md b/mat/09/08.md index 632aece1dc..9d3b3ab6bf 100644 --- a/mat/09/08.md +++ b/mat/09/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) they were afraid, or 2) they were in awe. "Awe" is a fe # such authority This refers to the authority to declare sins forgiven. - diff --git a/mat/09/09.md b/mat/09/09.md index 3150fd795b..28a356a70b 100644 --- a/mat/09/09.md +++ b/mat/09/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Church tradition says that this Matthew is the author of this Gospel, but the te # He got up and followed him "Matthew got up and followed Jesus." This means Matthew became Jesus's disciple. - diff --git a/mat/09/10.md b/mat/09/10.md index de7877519d..4492c03bad 100644 --- a/mat/09/10.md +++ b/mat/09/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve di # sinners people who did not obey the law of Moses but committed what others thought were very bad sins - diff --git a/mat/09/11.md b/mat/09/11.md index b437feee6e..afb3ff183a 100644 --- a/mat/09/11.md +++ b/mat/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners? The Pharisees use this question to criticize what Jesus is doing. Alternate translation: "Your teacher should not eat with tax collectors and sinner." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/12.md b/mat/09/12.md index 34e309876e..6e1f44e8bc 100644 --- a/mat/09/12.md +++ b/mat/09/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ doctor # those who are sick The phrase "need a physician" is understood. Alternate translation: "people who are sick need a physician" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/13.md b/mat/09/13.md index 1d11130e84..41bd3aa31b 100644 --- a/mat/09/13.md +++ b/mat/09/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Jesus. # the righteous Jesus is using irony. He does not think there are any people who are righteous and do not need to repent. Alternate translation: "those who think they are righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/14.md b/mat/09/14.md index 7d9f01bc9a..387e7303ff 100644 --- a/mat/09/14.md +++ b/mat/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The disciples of John the Baptist question the fact that Jesus's disciples do no # do not fast "continue to eat regularly" - diff --git a/mat/09/15.md b/mat/09/15.md index 81c5692fbf..e9c73a4326 100644 --- a/mat/09/15.md +++ b/mat/09/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the bridegroom will n # will be taken away Jesus is probably referring to his own death, but this should not be made explicit here in the translation. To maintain the imagery of a wedding, it is best to just state that the bridegroom will not be there any longer. - diff --git a/mat/09/16.md b/mat/09/16.md index d223d4f97f..604e899917 100644 --- a/mat/09/16.md +++ b/mat/09/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ If someone were to wash the garment, the patch of new cloth would shrink, but th # a worse tear will be made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this will make the tear worse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/17.md b/mat/09/17.md index f4e57eccff..9b67ffa501 100644 --- a/mat/09/17.md +++ b/mat/09/17.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ When the new wine ferments and expands, the skins tear open because they can no # both will be preserved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this will keep safe both the wineskins and the wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/18.md b/mat/09/18.md index a1cde198ae..61cebc5956 100644 --- a/mat/09/18.md +++ b/mat/09/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a way someone would show respect in Jewish culture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # come and lay your hand on her, and she will live This shows that the Jewish official believed Jesus had the power to bring his daughter back to life. - diff --git a/mat/09/19.md b/mat/09/19.md index 8f18492c48..714284506f 100644 --- a/mat/09/19.md +++ b/mat/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his disciples "Jesus's disciples" - diff --git a/mat/09/20.md b/mat/09/20.md index 677875075d..aeb227bb8d 100644 --- a/mat/09/20.md +++ b/mat/09/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "Behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have # his garment "his robe" or "what he was wearing" - diff --git a/mat/09/21.md b/mat/09/21.md index 160ebb402d..e00632292e 100644 --- a/mat/09/21.md +++ b/mat/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ She said this to herself before she touched Jesus's garment. This tells why she # If only I touch his clothes According to Jewish law, because she was bleeding she was not supposed to touch anyone. She touches his clothes so that Jesus's power would heal her and yet (she thought) he would not know that she touched him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/22.md b/mat/09/22.md index 7862545aca..0daaad9d44 100644 --- a/mat/09/22.md +++ b/mat/09/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The woman was not Jesus's real daughter. Jesus was speaking to her politely. If # the woman was healed from that hour This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus healed her at that moment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/23.md b/mat/09/23.md index 72f5955931..6c9aa129fa 100644 --- a/mat/09/23.md +++ b/mat/09/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a common way to mourn for someone who has died. # and the crowd making a commotion The phrase "making a commotion" applies only to "the crowd" and does not include the flute players. Alternation translation: "and the crowd making a lot of noise" or "and the noisy crowd" - diff --git a/mat/09/24.md b/mat/09/24.md index cd2ab03b25..b8d3a115c0 100644 --- a/mat/09/24.md +++ b/mat/09/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus was speaking to many people, so use the plural command form if your langua # the girl is not dead, but she is asleep Jesus is using a play on words. It was common in Jesus's day to refer to a dead person as one who "sleeps." But here the dead girl will get up, as though she had only been sleeping. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/25.md b/mat/09/25.md index 8ac3c7d2aa..f8d543cff8 100644 --- a/mat/09/25.md +++ b/mat/09/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After Jesus had sent # got up "got out of bed." This is the same meaning as in [Matthew 8:15](../08/15.md). - diff --git a/mat/09/26.md b/mat/09/26.md index 94941d48d2..0fe523bcdd 100644 --- a/mat/09/26.md +++ b/mat/09/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This completes the account of Jesus bringing the daughter of the Jewish official # The news about this spread into all that region "The people of that whole region heard about it" or "The people who saw that the girl was alive started telling everyone in the whole area about it" - diff --git a/mat/09/27.md b/mat/09/27.md index 7eb5008e07..e0f1d5b5c2 100644 --- a/mat/09/27.md +++ b/mat/09/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It is implied that they wanted Jesus to heal them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # Son of David Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "Descendant of David." However, "Son of David" is also a title for the Messiah, and the men were probably calling Jesus by this title. - diff --git a/mat/09/28.md b/mat/09/28.md index 24d0dfedce..c9a5ea51d9 100644 --- a/mat/09/28.md +++ b/mat/09/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This could be either Jesus's own house or the house in [Matthew 9:10](../09/10.m # Yes, Lord The full content of their answer is not stated, but it is understood. Alternate translation: "Yes, Lord, we believe you can heal us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/29.md b/mat/09/29.md index eda23b065d..f8f8b88836 100644 --- a/mat/09/29.md +++ b/mat/09/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is not clear whether he touched both men's eyes at the same time or used only # Let it be done to you according to your faith This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will do as you have believed" or "Because you believe, I will heal you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/30.md b/mat/09/30.md index 4ebcf55052..2a206d2eb0 100644 --- a/mat/09/30.md +++ b/mat/09/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means they were able to see. This can be stated in active form. Alternate t # See that no one knows about this Here "See" means "be sure." Alternate translation: "Be sure no one finds out about this" or "Do not tell anyone that I healed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/31.md b/mat/09/31.md index 2f912abaf9..37ecd73a26 100644 --- a/mat/09/31.md +++ b/mat/09/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # spread the news "told many people what had happened to them" - diff --git a/mat/09/32.md b/mat/09/32.md index 33049f8106..7082f1ea9a 100644 --- a/mat/09/32.md +++ b/mat/09/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ not able to talk # possessed by a demon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom a demon had possessed" or "whom a demon was controlling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/33.md b/mat/09/33.md index 39586a05cf..33780f33a0 100644 --- a/mat/09/33.md +++ b/mat/09/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After Jesus had force # This has never been seen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This has never happened before" or "No one has ever done anything like this before" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/34.md b/mat/09/34.md index b4849c19be..4ac7fb5060 100644 --- a/mat/09/34.md +++ b/mat/09/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he drives The pronoun "he" refers to Jesus. - diff --git a/mat/09/35.md b/mat/09/35.md index 2418998bd4..03b241775c 100644 --- a/mat/09/35.md +++ b/mat/09/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. See how you translated this in [Mat # all kinds of disease and all kinds of sickness "every disease and every sickness." The words "disease" and "sickness" are closely related but should be translated as two different words if possible. "Disease" is what causes a person to be sick. "Sickness" is the physical weakness or affliction that results from having a disease. - diff --git a/mat/09/36.md b/mat/09/36.md index da4c8b1bc9..9d9e7fc600 100644 --- a/mat/09/36.md +++ b/mat/09/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins a new part of the story where Jesus teaches his disciples and sends # They were like sheep without a shepherd This simile means they did not have a leader to take care of them. Alternate translation: "The people did not have a leader" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mat/09/37.md b/mat/09/37.md index 6bcc37e686..8589cc39e2 100644 --- a/mat/09/37.md +++ b/mat/09/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses a proverb to respond to what he is seeing. Jesus means there are a lo # laborers "workers" - diff --git a/mat/09/38.md b/mat/09/38.md index 6634fa7610..10bf69d7f7 100644 --- a/mat/09/38.md +++ b/mat/09/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pray to the Lord of the harvest "pray to God, because he is in charge of the harvest" - diff --git a/mat/09/intro.md b/mat/09/intro.md index 2076aa19d1..d8f3dbf223 100644 --- a/mat/09/intro.md +++ b/mat/09/intro.md @@ -1,27 +1,27 @@ # Matthew 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Sinners" +### "Sinners" When the people of Jesus's time spoke of "sinners," they were talking about people who did not obey the law of Moses and instead committed sins like stealing or sexual sins. When Jesus said that he came to call "sinners," he meant that only people who believe that they are sinners can be his followers. This is true even if they are not what most people think of as "sinners." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Passive voice +### Passive voice Many sentences in this chapter tell that a person had something happen to him without saying who caused that something to happen. You may have to translate the sentence so that it tells the reader who performed the action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions Speakers in this chapter asked questions to which they already knew the answer. They asked the questions to show that they were not happy with the hearers or to teach them or to get them to think. Your language may have another way of doing this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -#### Proverbs +### Proverbs Proverbs are very short sentences that use words that are easy to remember. They teach about something that is generally true. People who understand proverbs usually have to know much about the language and culture of the speaker. When you translate the proverbs in this chapter, you may have to use many more words than the speakers used so that your readers can understand things that the original audiences understood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]]) ## Links: + * __[Matthew 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/10/01.md b/mat/10/01.md index ea5052ad44..feb1a015e1 100644 --- a/mat/10/01.md +++ b/mat/10/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Be sure that the text clearly communicates that this authority was 1) to drive o # all kinds of disease and all kinds of sickness "every disease and every sickness." The words "disease" and "sickness" are closely related but should be translated as two different words if possible. "Disease" is what causes a person to be sick. "Sickness" is the physical weakness or affliction that results from having a disease. - diff --git a/mat/10/02.md b/mat/10/02.md index d2e0c5e2ec..9c8bcfb405 100644 --- a/mat/10/02.md +++ b/mat/10/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the same group as the "twelve disciples" in [Matthew 10:1](../10/01.md). # first This is first in order, not in rank. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/03.md b/mat/10/03.md index 443d246741..dd47560029 100644 --- a/mat/10/03.md +++ b/mat/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Matthew the tax collector "Matthew, who was a tax collector" - diff --git a/mat/10/04.md b/mat/10/04.md index 55904a7823..1391c5def8 100644 --- a/mat/10/04.md +++ b/mat/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the Zealot" is a title that shows that he was part of # who would betray him "who would betray Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/10/05.md b/mat/10/05.md index dc48752613..3028c6ec83 100644 --- a/mat/10/05.md +++ b/mat/10/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus sent them out for a particular purpose. # He instructed them "He told them what they needed to do" or "He commanded them" - diff --git a/mat/10/06.md b/mat/10/06.md index 79f8edbb55..8bb6c87b36 100644 --- a/mat/10/06.md +++ b/mat/10/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metaphor comparing the entire nation of Israel to sheep who have stray # house of Israel This refers to the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "people of Israel" or "descendants of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/07.md b/mat/10/07.md index d59bd5c6d9..7043fa53cb 100644 --- a/mat/10/07.md +++ b/mat/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" is plural and refers to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # The kingdom of heaven is near The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God ruling as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, use the word "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "Our God in heaven will soon show himself to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/08.md b/mat/10/08.md index cab8b651af..8347216769 100644 --- a/mat/10/08.md +++ b/mat/10/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus did not state what the disciples had received or were to give. Some langua # Freely you have received, freely give Here "received" is a metaphor that represents being made able to do things, and "give" is a metaphor that represents doing things for others. Alternate translation: "Freely you have received the ability to do these things, freely do them for others" or "Freely I have made you able to do these things, freely do them for others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/09.md b/mat/10/09.md index 99d222b695..52fd2074fc 100644 --- a/mat/10/09.md +++ b/mat/10/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are metals out of which coins were made. This list is a metonym for money, # belts "money belts." A belt is a long strip of cloth or leather worn around the waist. It was often wide enough that it could be folded and used to carry money. Alternate translation: "purses" or "pouches" - diff --git a/mat/10/10.md b/mat/10/10.md index 229ba31b61..1e95913a64 100644 --- a/mat/10/10.md +++ b/mat/10/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ worker # his food Here "food" refers to anything a person needs. Alternate translation: "what he needs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/11.md b/mat/10/11.md index 1704fc73fe..1fef0dee55 100644 --- a/mat/10/11.md +++ b/mat/10/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A "worthy" person is a person who is willing to welcome the disciples. # stay there until you leave The full meaning of the statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "stay in that person's house until you leave the town or village" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/12.md b/mat/10/12.md index fba5171721..4cda9e8a53 100644 --- a/mat/10/12.md +++ b/mat/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "greet it" means greet the house. A common greeting in those days was # you This is plural and refers to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/13.md b/mat/10/13.md index feb8c384af..a40f554bf8 100644 --- a/mat/10/13.md +++ b/mat/10/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "it" means the house. Here "house" refers to the people who live in the # let your peace return to you Possible meanings are 1) if the household was not worthy, then God would hold back peace or blessings from that household or 2) if the household was not worthy, then the apostles were supposed to do something, such as asking God not to honor their greeting of peace. If your language has a similar meaning of taking back a greeting or its effects, that should be used here. - diff --git a/mat/10/14.md b/mat/10/14.md index d75c376f32..98791c0b99 100644 --- a/mat/10/14.md +++ b/mat/10/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ You should translate this the same way you did in [Matthew 10:11](../10/11.md). # shake off the dust from your feet "shake the dust off your feet as you leave." This is a sign that God has rejected the people of that house or city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/15.md b/mat/10/15.md index 20b30d48cb..fbb41eb5e9 100644 --- a/mat/10/15.md +++ b/mat/10/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the people who lived in Sodom and Gomorrah. Alternate translation # that city This refers to the people in the city that does not receive the apostles or listen to their message. Alternate translation: "the people of the city that does not receive you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/16.md b/mat/10/16.md index 5dd3c40ea3..842a51866d 100644 --- a/mat/10/16.md +++ b/mat/10/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Sheep are defenseless animals that wolves often attack. Jesus is stating that pe # be as wise as serpents and innocent as doves Jesus is telling the disciples they must be cautious and harmless among the people. If comparing the disciples to serpents or doves is confusing, it might be better not to state the similes. Alternate translation: "act with understanding and caution, as well as with innocence and virtue" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/17.md b/mat/10/17.md index a9ad0b121c..647c56f0af 100644 --- a/mat/10/17.md +++ b/mat/10/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ local religious leaders or elders who together keep peace in the community # whip you "beat you with a whip" - diff --git a/mat/10/18.md b/mat/10/18.md index f6688e8acc..7e37d279d5 100644 --- a/mat/10/18.md +++ b/mat/10/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will bring you" # to them and to the Gentiles The pronoun "them" refers either to the "governors and kings" or to the Jewish accusers. - diff --git a/mat/10/19.md b/mat/10/19.md index a9a733d3a5..2a045903f8 100644 --- a/mat/10/19.md +++ b/mat/10/19.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the Holy Spirit w # at that time "right then" or "at that time" - diff --git a/mat/10/20.md b/mat/10/20.md index e200f6faf2..a6e615f41c 100644 --- a/mat/10/20.md +++ b/mat/10/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # in you "through you" - diff --git a/mat/10/21.md b/mat/10/21.md index 1d7b92233c..0ae0ed04ec 100644 --- a/mat/10/21.md +++ b/mat/10/21.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These words can be translated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "fa # cause them to be put to death This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "have them put to death" or "have the authorities execute them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/22.md b/mat/10/22.md index 12b3250e95..962e55427f 100644 --- a/mat/10/22.md +++ b/mat/10/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It is not clear whether the "end" means when a person dies, when the persecution # that person will be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will deliver that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/23.md b/mat/10/23.md index 01b7c3e052..3cf02ca95d 100644 --- a/mat/10/23.md +++ b/mat/10/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: "before I, the Son of Ma # has come "arrives" - diff --git a/mat/10/24.md b/mat/10/24.md index fceeb49856..33b2428e85 100644 --- a/mat/10/24.md +++ b/mat/10/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus is using a proverb to teach his disciples a general truth. Jesus is emphas # nor a servant above his master "and a servant is always less important than his master" or "and a master is always more important than his servant" - diff --git a/mat/10/25.md b/mat/10/25.md index b783b2868f..e60365a224 100644 --- a/mat/10/25.md +++ b/mat/10/25.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ This name can either be 1) transcribed directly as "Beelzebul" or 2) translated # his household This is a metaphor for Jesus's disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/26.md b/mat/10/26.md index bfe9cadbaa..9843f498df 100644 --- a/mat/10/26.md +++ b/mat/10/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "them" refers to the people who mistreat followers of Jesus. # there is nothing concealed that will not be revealed, and nothing hidden that will not be known Both of these statements mean the same thing. Being concealed or hidden represents being kept secret, and being revealed represents being made known. Jesus is emphasizing that God will make all things known. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will reveal the things that people hide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/27.md b/mat/10/27.md index cdeb16d900..9b9fbc29b7 100644 --- a/mat/10/27.md +++ b/mat/10/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a way of referring to whispering. Alternate translation: "what I whisper # proclaim upon the housetops Housetops where Jesus lived were flat, and people far away could hear anyone speaking with a loud voice from one. Here "housetops" refers to any place where all people can hear. Alternate translation: "speak loudly in a public place for all to hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/28.md b/mat/10/28.md index c87b06ab1a..77931377ca 100644 --- a/mat/10/28.md +++ b/mat/10/28.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ the part of a person that cannot be touched and that lives on after the physical # fear him who is able You can add "because" to clarify why people should fear God. Alternate translation: "fear God because he is able" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-connectingwords]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/29.md b/mat/10/29.md index 140b4b09dd..995ed10871 100644 --- a/mat/10/29.md +++ b/mat/10/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "your Father knows # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/30.md b/mat/10/30.md index bc0d1ccf8c..69fe527d72 100644 --- a/mat/10/30.md +++ b/mat/10/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God knows even how ma # numbered "counted" - diff --git a/mat/10/31.md b/mat/10/31.md index a9a39ddb5a..7a8653a21e 100644 --- a/mat/10/31.md +++ b/mat/10/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You are more valuable than many sparrows "God values you more than many sparrows" - diff --git a/mat/10/32.md b/mat/10/32.md index d30ae768d1..b80ac83548 100644 --- a/mat/10/32.md +++ b/mat/10/32.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ You can make explicit the information that is understood. Alternate translation: # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/33.md b/mat/10/33.md index e1254b755f..f384a48777 100644 --- a/mat/10/33.md +++ b/mat/10/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I will also deny before my Father who is in heaven You can make explicit the information that is understood. Alternate translation: "I will deny before my Father who is in heaven that this person belongs to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/34.md b/mat/10/34.md index c154aa58e0..9e36fac17c 100644 --- a/mat/10/34.md +++ b/mat/10/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the people who live on the earth. Alternate translation: "to the # a sword This refers to division, fighting, and killing among people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/35.md b/mat/10/35.md index 432ba17f86..3b4b3498f8 100644 --- a/mat/10/35.md +++ b/mat/10/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a man against his father "a son against his father" - diff --git a/mat/10/36.md b/mat/10/36.md index ee9f1771d5..7b61fd96a8 100644 --- a/mat/10/36.md +++ b/mat/10/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # those of his own household "members of his own family" - diff --git a/mat/10/37.md b/mat/10/37.md index c3f31517ec..79e3179d0a 100644 --- a/mat/10/37.md +++ b/mat/10/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word for "love" here refers to "brotherly love" or "love from a friend." Alt # worthy of me "deserve to belong to me" or "worthy to be my disciple" - diff --git a/mat/10/38.md b/mat/10/38.md index 4da91b3efb..c120521827 100644 --- a/mat/10/38.md +++ b/mat/10/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # pick up "take up" or "pick up and carry" - diff --git a/mat/10/39.md b/mat/10/39.md index 681e51429a..6e4379886c 100644 --- a/mat/10/39.md +++ b/mat/10/39.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This does not mean to die. It is a metaphor that means a person considers obeyin # will find it This metaphor means the person will experience spiritual life with God. Alternate translation: "will find true life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/10/40.md b/mat/10/40.md index 018fb40d3f..3cb847aa71 100644 --- a/mat/10/40.md +++ b/mat/10/40.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus means that when someone welcomes you, it is like welcoming him. Alternate # he who welcomes me also welcomes him who sent me This means that when someone welcomes Jesus, it is like welcoming God. Alternate translation: "When someone welcomes me, it is like he is welcoming God the Father who sent me" or "If someone welcomes me, it is as if he were welcoming God the Father who sent me" - diff --git a/mat/10/41.md b/mat/10/41.md index 5cb7ad92db..6fe05bd502 100644 --- a/mat/10/41.md +++ b/mat/10/41.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the reward that God gives the prophet, not to the reward that a p # a righteous man's reward This refers to the reward God gives to a righteous person, not a reward that a righteous person gives to another person. - diff --git a/mat/10/42.md b/mat/10/42.md index efa3876d61..95bd4bec65 100644 --- a/mat/10/42.md +++ b/mat/10/42.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "he" and "his" refer to the one who is giving. # he will in no way lose "God will not deny him." This has nothing to do with having a possession taken away. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "God will certainly give him" - diff --git a/mat/10/intro.md b/mat/10/intro.md index 3ac9386bcb..d1c46cec3a 100644 --- a/mat/10/intro.md +++ b/mat/10/intro.md @@ -1,37 +1,37 @@ # Matthew 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The sending of the twelve disciples +### The sending of the twelve disciples Many verses in this chapter describe how Jesus sent the twelve disciples out. He sent them to tell his message about the kingdom of heaven. They were to tell his message only in Israel and not to share it with the Gentiles. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### The twelve disciples +### The twelve disciples The following are the lists of the twelve disciples: -In Matthew: +In Matthew: Simon (Peter), Andrew, James son of Zebedee, John son of Zebedee, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot. In Mark: -Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot. +Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot. In Luke: Simon (Peter), Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Simon (who was called the Zealot), Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot. -Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James. +Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James. -#### "The kingdom of heaven has come near" +### "The kingdom of heaven has come near" -No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when Jesus spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near." +No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when Jesus spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near." ## Links: + * __[Matthew 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/11/01.md b/mat/11/01.md index 9d9fd22757..7852469301 100644 --- a/mat/11/01.md +++ b/mat/11/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the twelve chosen apostles of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/t # in their cities Here "their" refers to all the Jews in general. - diff --git a/mat/11/02.md b/mat/11/02.md index ee29855925..1417c96e78 100644 --- a/mat/11/02.md +++ b/mat/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the first mention of John being in prison. Some languages may need to st # he sent a message by his disciples John the Baptist sent his own disciples with a message to Jesus. - diff --git a/mat/11/03.md b/mat/11/03.md index 9d2ea5c194..285559178b 100644 --- a/mat/11/03.md +++ b/mat/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The pronoun "him" refers to Jesus. # should we look for another "should we be expecting someone else." The pronoun "we" refers to all Jews, not only John's disciples. - diff --git a/mat/11/04.md b/mat/11/04.md index e18698f18c..c6d158ebc9 100644 --- a/mat/11/04.md +++ b/mat/11/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # report to John "tell John" - diff --git a/mat/11/05.md b/mat/11/05.md index 80cfe8691f..1869e5e5cb 100644 --- a/mat/11/05.md +++ b/mat/11/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I am preaching good n # the poor This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/06.md b/mat/11/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/11/06.md +++ b/mat/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/11/07.md b/mat/11/07.md index 0a13c25483..97525776d2 100644 --- a/mat/11/07.md +++ b/mat/11/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Jesus mean the literal plants by the Jordan River or 2) # being shaken by the wind This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "swaying in the wind" or "blowing in the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/08.md b/mat/11/08.md index 8cf87379f2..a05ed09e27 100644 --- a/mat/11/08.md +++ b/mat/11/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: "Indeed" # kings' houses "kings' palaces" - diff --git a/mat/11/09.md b/mat/11/09.md index c9ecbf4538..4c24220832 100644 --- a/mat/11/09.md +++ b/mat/11/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "the perso # much more than much more important than - diff --git a/mat/11/10.md b/mat/11/10.md index ea38df2e1f..b10f16a827 100644 --- a/mat/11/10.md +++ b/mat/11/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "your" is singular, because God was speaking to the Messiah in the quotatio # prepare your way before you This is a metaphor that means the messenger will prepare the people to receive the Messiah's message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/11.md b/mat/11/11.md index b29d076d06..9f800f5d37 100644 --- a/mat/11/11.md +++ b/mat/11/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of he # is greater than he is "is more important than John is" - diff --git a/mat/11/12.md b/mat/11/12.md index d927e62596..664b62f3be 100644 --- a/mat/11/12.md +++ b/mat/11/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the kingdom of heaven suffers violence, and men of violence take it by force There are various possible interpretations of this verse. The UDB assumes that it means that some people want to use God's kingdom for their own selfish purposes and that they are willing to use force against other people to accomplish this. Other versions assume a positive interpretation, that the call to enter the kingdom of God has become so urgent that people must act in an extreme manner in order to answer that call and to resist the temptation to sin further. A third interpretation is that violent people are harming God's people and trying to stop God from ruling. - diff --git a/mat/11/13.md b/mat/11/13.md index 40679b66b1..dafe0d4ce0 100644 --- a/mat/11/13.md +++ b/mat/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist. # all the prophets and the law have been prophesying until John Here "prophets and the law" refer to the things that the prophets and Moses wrote in scripture. Alternate translation: "these are the things that the prophets and Moses have prophesied through the scriptures until the time of John the Baptist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/14.md b/mat/11/14.md index ac50e393c1..6f0e6fa861 100644 --- a/mat/11/14.md +++ b/mat/11/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" is plural and refers to the crowd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-yo # he is Elijah who was to come The word "he" refers to John the Baptist. This does not mean John the Baptist is literally Elijah. Jesus means John the Baptist fulfills the prophecy about "Elijah, who is to come" or the next Elijah. Alternate translation: "when the prophet Malachi said that Elijah would return, he was speaking about John the Baptist" - diff --git a/mat/11/15.md b/mat/11/15.md index 8457d29966..d02e04e8ff 100644 --- a/mat/11/15.md +++ b/mat/11/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # He who has ... let him hear Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. Alternate translation: "You who have ... listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/16.md b/mat/11/16.md index a1f43b3230..ff2744e782 100644 --- a/mat/11/16.md +++ b/mat/11/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to introduce a comparison between the people of that day a # marketplaces large, open-air areas where people buy and sell items - diff --git a/mat/11/17.md b/mat/11/17.md index bf51a272f9..4e25f58060 100644 --- a/mat/11/17.md +++ b/mat/11/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Connecting Statement: + Jesus continues the parable that begins with the words "It is like" in verse 16. # and say ... and you did not weep @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ This means they sang sad songs like women did at funerals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # and you did not weep "but you did not cry with us" - diff --git a/mat/11/18.md b/mat/11/18.md index bd16405cf7..3bbebb824f 100644 --- a/mat/11/18.md +++ b/mat/11/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "they say th # they say All occurrences of "they" refer to the people of that generation, and most specifically to the Pharisees and religious leaders. - diff --git a/mat/11/19.md b/mat/11/19.md index 004055bf63..220cf4415b 100644 --- a/mat/11/19.md +++ b/mat/11/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a proverb that Jesus applies to this situation, because the people who r # wisdom is justified by her deeds Here "wisdom" is described as a woman who is proven to be right by what she does. Jesus means that the results of a wise person's actions prove that he is truly wise. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the results of a wise person's deeds prove that he is wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/20.md b/mat/11/20.md index 7c31f03cc0..9d2ecc9af1 100644 --- a/mat/11/20.md +++ b/mat/11/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "in which he did m # miracles "mighty works" or "works of power" - diff --git a/mat/11/21.md b/mat/11/21.md index c464f21da2..839c88854f 100644 --- a/mat/11/21.md +++ b/mat/11/21.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The pronoun "they" refers to the people of Tyre and Sidon. # would have repented "would have shown they were sorry for their sins" - diff --git a/mat/11/22.md b/mat/11/22.md index f8c79dd058..03e342ea36 100644 --- a/mat/11/22.md +++ b/mat/11/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Tyre and Sidon" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation # than for you Here the "you" is plural and refers to Chorazin and Bethsaida. If it is more natural for your language, you could use a dual "you" to refer to the two cities, or a plural "you" to refer to the people of the cities. The implied information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "than for you, because you did not repent and believe in me, even though you saw me do miracles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/23.md b/mat/11/23.md index 48913e6e57..e1a68247b9 100644 --- a/mat/11/23.md +++ b/mat/11/23.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if I had done the mir # it would still have remained The pronoun "it" refers to the city of Sodom. - diff --git a/mat/11/24.md b/mat/11/24.md index 84ac046a9f..79cb616c4c 100644 --- a/mat/11/24.md +++ b/mat/11/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "land of Sodom" refer to the people who lived there. Alternate translation: # than for you The implicit information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "than for you, because you did not repent and believe in me, even though you saw me do miracles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/25.md b/mat/11/25.md index 4ffc0dd478..cc77ee684f 100644 --- a/mat/11/25.md +++ b/mat/11/25.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Jesus is using irony. He does not think these people are really wise. Alternate # to little children Jesus compares ignorant people to little children. Jesus is emphasizing that many of those who believe him either are not well educated or do not think of themselves as wise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/26.md b/mat/11/26.md index c7a8f1dd9b..5321394214 100644 --- a/mat/11/26.md +++ b/mat/11/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here, Jesus continues praying to his heavenly Father while still in the presence # for this was pleasing in your sight The phrase "in your sight" is a metonym that stands for how a person considers something. Alternate translation: "for you considered it good to do this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/27.md b/mat/11/27.md index cc56da3190..33af2574ed 100644 --- a/mat/11/27.md +++ b/mat/11/27.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # no one knows the Father except the Son "only the Son knows the Father" - diff --git a/mat/11/28.md b/mat/11/28.md index 3199212182..859c0cab63 100644 --- a/mat/11/28.md +++ b/mat/11/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus speaks of people being discouraged in their attempts to obey all the laws # I will give you rest "I will allow you to rest from your labor and burden" - diff --git a/mat/11/29.md b/mat/11/29.md index 0ec04b094c..a70dcff85b 100644 --- a/mat/11/29.md +++ b/mat/11/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being. The phrase "lowly in heart # you will find rest for your souls Here "soul" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "you will find rest for yourselves" or "you will be able to rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mat/11/30.md b/mat/11/30.md index facefa2b97..49dad0ab1c 100644 --- a/mat/11/30.md +++ b/mat/11/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these phrases mean the same thing. Jesus is emphasizing that it is easie # my burden is light The word "light" here is the opposite of heavy, not the opposite of dark. - diff --git a/mat/11/intro.md b/mat/11/intro.md index f00b43bc01..219eaab081 100644 --- a/mat/11/intro.md +++ b/mat/11/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,25 @@ # Matthew 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted material in 11:10. -Some scholars believe that [Matthew 11:20](../../mat/11/20.md) begins a new stage in the ministry of Christ because of Israel's rejection of him. +Some scholars believe that [Matthew 11:20](../../mat/11/20.md) begins a new stage in the ministry of Christ because of Israel's rejection of him. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Hidden revelation +### Hidden revelation After [Matthew 11:20](../../mat/11/20.md) Jesus begins to reveal information about himself and about the plans of God the Father, while hiding this information from those who reject him ([Matthew 11:25](../../mat/11/25.md)). -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "The kingdom of heaven is near" +### "The kingdom of heaven is near" -No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when John spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near." +No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when John spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near." ## Links: + * __[Matthew 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/12/01.md b/mat/12/01.md index 3e692223da..d49c62b321 100644 --- a/mat/12/01.md +++ b/mat/12/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Picking grain in others' fields and eating it was not considered stealing. The q # heads of grain The heads of grain are the topmost part of the wheat plant. It holds the mature grain or seeds of the plant. - diff --git a/mat/12/02.md b/mat/12/02.md index 6544645365..8272a5c1d1 100644 --- a/mat/12/02.md +++ b/mat/12/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not mean all of the Pharisees. Alternate translation: "some Pharisees" # See, your disciples "Look, your disciples." The Pharisees use this word to draw attention to what the disciples are doing. - diff --git a/mat/12/04.md b/mat/12/04.md index 96f3e85470..5cc30aa71b 100644 --- a/mat/12/04.md +++ b/mat/12/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is sacred bread that priests placed before God in the tabernacle. Alternate # but lawful only for the priests "but, according to the law, only the priests could eat it" - diff --git a/mat/12/05.md b/mat/12/05.md index 293a9475c7..e643d0a1c3 100644 --- a/mat/12/05.md +++ b/mat/12/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to respond to the criticism of the Pharisees. Jesus is cha # are guiltless "God will not punish them" or "God does not consider them guilty" - diff --git a/mat/12/06.md b/mat/12/06.md index 6f14e20f82..3f36cc5137 100644 --- a/mat/12/06.md +++ b/mat/12/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. # one greater than the temple "someone who is more important than the temple." Jesus was referring to himself as the one greater. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/07.md b/mat/12/07.md index bc70495f98..07ed838017 100644 --- a/mat/12/07.md +++ b/mat/12/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The pronoun "I" refers to God. # the guiltless This can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "those who are not guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/08.md b/mat/12/08.md index 5bfb2b9bfd..0e46c893cf 100644 --- a/mat/12/08.md +++ b/mat/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus was referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, am" ( # is Lord of the Sabbath "rules over the Sabbath" or "makes the laws about what people can do on the Sabbath" - diff --git a/mat/12/09.md b/mat/12/09.md index a1bce2be3a..819878c51c 100644 --- a/mat/12/09.md +++ b/mat/12/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the scene shifts to a later time when the Pharisees criticize Jesus for hea # their synagogue Possible meanings are 1) the word "their" refers to the Jews of that town. Alternate translation: "the synogogue" or 2) the word "their" refers to the Pharisees that Jesus had just spoken to, and this was the synagogue that they and other Jews in that town attended. The word "their" does not mean that the Pharisees owned the synagogue. Alternate translation: "the synagogue that they attended" - diff --git a/mat/12/10.md b/mat/12/10.md index f15c62e563..1885cba074 100644 --- a/mat/12/10.md +++ b/mat/12/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "Behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have # so that they might accuse him of sinning They did not just want to accuse Jesus in front of the people. The Pharisees wanted Jesus to give an answer that contradicted the law of Moses so they could take him before a judge and legally charge him with breaking the law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/11.md b/mat/12/11.md index 99b6797d03..93632c3dcf 100644 --- a/mat/12/11.md +++ b/mat/12/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to respond to the Pharisees. He is challenging them to thi # raise lift - diff --git a/mat/12/12.md b/mat/12/12.md index 2ae60c3ee9..668ac1e55c 100644 --- a/mat/12/12.md +++ b/mat/12/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "how much more" adds emphasis to the statement. Alternate translation # it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath "those who do good on the Sabbath are obeying the law" - diff --git a/mat/12/13.md b/mat/12/13.md index 9aa3eed864..6b813cdd22 100644 --- a/mat/12/13.md +++ b/mat/12/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Then Je # it was restored to health This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it was healthy again" or "it became well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/14.md b/mat/12/14.md index 4191183319..3146eca375 100644 --- a/mat/12/14.md +++ b/mat/12/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # were seeking how they might destroy him "were discussing how they might kill Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/12/15.md b/mat/12/15.md index a0c92a9c5b..62551ae749 100644 --- a/mat/12/15.md +++ b/mat/12/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This account explains how the actions of Jesus fulfilled one of the prophecies o # withdrew from "departed from" or "left" - diff --git a/mat/12/16.md b/mat/12/16.md index fc6dac20d8..3e96dd42a2 100644 --- a/mat/12/16.md +++ b/mat/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not to make him known to others "not to tell anyone else about him" - diff --git a/mat/12/17.md b/mat/12/17.md index 85130ac243..166615eab6 100644 --- a/mat/12/17.md +++ b/mat/12/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "that it might be fulfilled" can be translated as the beginning of a # what had been said through Isaiah the prophet, saying, This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God had said long ago through the prophet Isaiah:" - diff --git a/mat/12/18.md b/mat/12/18.md index 3c723234e6..d2cc9a33e9 100644 --- a/mat/12/18.md +++ b/mat/12/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "soul" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "with whom I am v # he will proclaim justice to the Gentiles The means that God's servant will tell the Gentiles that there will be justice. It can be stated clearly that God is the one who will bring about justice, and the abstract noun "justice" can be expressed as "what is right." Alternate translation: "he will announce to the nations that God will do for them what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/19.md b/mat/12/19.md index 3821e4b307..abe45fb423 100644 --- a/mat/12/19.md +++ b/mat/12/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here people not hearing his voice represents him not speaking loudly. And, "in t # He ... his All occurrences of these words refer to God's chosen servant. - diff --git a/mat/12/20.md b/mat/12/20.md index 93ef896333..40da147b31 100644 --- a/mat/12/20.md +++ b/mat/12/20.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be translated with a new sentence: "flax. This is what he will do until # he leads justice to victory Leading someone to victory represents causing him to be victorious. Causing justice to be victorious represents making things right that had been wrong. Alternate translation: "he makes everything right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/21.md b/mat/12/21.md index aa2f1c538c..f1afc3b251 100644 --- a/mat/12/21.md +++ b/mat/12/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Gentiles will trust him to fulfill his promises. The abstract noun "hope" ca # in his name The word "his" refers to God's servant who was spoken of in [Matthew 12:18](../12/18.md). Here "name" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/22.md b/mat/12/22.md index 98172b5f41..50edca24ec 100644 --- a/mat/12/22.md +++ b/mat/12/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then someone brought # someone blind and mute "someone who could not see and could not talk" - diff --git a/mat/12/23.md b/mat/12/23.md index 4f5743329b..807e1dc966 100644 --- a/mat/12/23.md +++ b/mat/12/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a title for the Christ or Messiah. # Son of Here this means "descendant of." - diff --git a/mat/12/24.md b/mat/12/24.md index e438629ec5..2e431254e4 100644 --- a/mat/12/24.md +++ b/mat/12/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Pharisees avoid calling Jesus by name to show they reject him. # the prince of the demons "the chief of the demons" - diff --git a/mat/12/25.md b/mat/12/25.md index b9e66b022a..5601e22ac2 100644 --- a/mat/12/25.md +++ b/mat/12/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to those who live in the kingdom. This can be translated i # every city or house divided against itself will not stand Here "city" refers to the people who live there, and "house" refers to a family. Being "divided against itself" represents its people fighting each other. Alternate translation: "it ruins a city or a family when the people fight each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/26.md b/mat/12/26.md index e73903c682..7f89d69a9a 100644 --- a/mat/12/26.md +++ b/mat/12/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The second use of Satan refers to the demons that serve Satan. Alternate transla # How then will his kingdom stand? Jesus uses this question to show the Pharisees that what they were saying was illogical. Alternate translation: "His kingdom would not be able to stand!" or "His kingdom would not last!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/27.md b/mat/12/27.md index 91c90e2af0..dc41f8a84c 100644 --- a/mat/12/27.md +++ b/mat/12/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus was speaking to the Pharisees. The phrase "your sons" refers to their foll # For this reason they will be your judges "Because your followers cast out demons by the power of God, they prove that you are wrong about me." - diff --git a/mat/12/28.md b/mat/12/28.md index 36de5e3e21..5ef183a77b 100644 --- a/mat/12/28.md +++ b/mat/12/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "if" does not mean Jesus is questioning how he drives out demons. Here Jesu # come upon you Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/29.md b/mat/12/29.md index 3f51115686..a1c9f0e023 100644 --- a/mat/12/29.md +++ b/mat/12/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to teach the Pharisees and the crowd. Alternate translatio # Then he will steal "The he can steal" or "Then he will be able to steal" - diff --git a/mat/12/30.md b/mat/12/30.md index a9f74910b9..896e9ffd75 100644 --- a/mat/12/30.md +++ b/mat/12/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the one who does not gather with me scatters Jesus is using a metaphor that refers to a person either gathering the flock of sheep to a shepherd or making them scatter away from the shepherd. Jesus means that a person is either helping to make people become disciples of Jesus or he is making people reject Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/31.md b/mat/12/31.md index af06cfd064..c0c4006742 100644 --- a/mat/12/31.md +++ b/mat/12/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will forgive ever # blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not forgive the person who speaks evil things about the Holy Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/32.md b/mat/12/32.md index 3c539d143a..34362d11cf 100644 --- a/mat/12/32.md +++ b/mat/12/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not forgive # neither in this world, nor in that which is to come Here "this world" and "that which is to come" refer to the present life and the next life. Alternate translation: "in this life or in the next life" or "now or ever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/33.md b/mat/12/33.md index 1de2abd0c4..d974137937 100644 --- a/mat/12/33.md +++ b/mat/12/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "If you make a tree good, its fruit will be good, and i # a tree is recognized by its fruit This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people recognize a tree by its fruit" or "people know whether a tree is good or bad by looking at its fruit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/34.md b/mat/12/34.md index 08a5a91ce4..8e305c8a3e 100644 --- a/mat/12/34.md +++ b/mat/12/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to rebuke the Pharisees. Alternate translation: "you canno # out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks Here "heart" is a metonym for the thoughts in a person's mind. Here "mouth" is a synecdoche that represents a person as a whole. Alternate translation: "what a person says with his mouth reveals what is in his mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/35.md b/mat/12/35.md index e5c8c2b5c5..76d2e1e8fb 100644 --- a/mat/12/35.md +++ b/mat/12/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The good man from the good treasure of his heart produces what is good, and the evil man from the evil treasure of his heart produces what is evil Jesus speaks about the "heart" as if it were a container that a person fills with good or evil things. This is a metaphor that means what a person says reveals what the person is truly like. If you want to keep this imagery, see the UDB. You can also translate the literal meaning. Alternate translation: "A man who is truly good will speak good things, and the man who is truly evil will speak evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/36.md b/mat/12/36.md index 2059b10862..69e86cffc5 100644 --- a/mat/12/36.md +++ b/mat/12/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "word" refers to something that someone says. This refers to statements tha # idle empty, useless, careless - diff --git a/mat/12/37.md b/mat/12/37.md index 642e2a973b..2dc2145330 100644 --- a/mat/12/37.md +++ b/mat/12/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will be justified ... you will be condemned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will justify you ... God will condemn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/38.md b/mat/12/38.md index adf9033b8e..613a6961e3 100644 --- a/mat/12/38.md +++ b/mat/12/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The dialogue in these verses happens immediately after Jesus responded to the Ph # to see a sign from you You can make explicit why they want to see a sign. Alternate translation: "to see a sign from you that proves what you say is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/39.md b/mat/12/39.md index 5d2639292a..17909b4092 100644 --- a/mat/12/39.md +++ b/mat/12/39.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not give it # the sign of Jonah "what happened to Jonah" or "the miracle that God did for Jonah" - diff --git a/mat/12/40.md b/mat/12/40.md index 86c059cdd9..95874f4734 100644 --- a/mat/12/40.md +++ b/mat/12/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) # in the heart of the earth This means inside a physical grave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/41.md b/mat/12/41.md index dd4a9e5e3b..e8a19d2d21 100644 --- a/mat/12/41.md +++ b/mat/12/41.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) # than Jonah is here You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Jesus's statement. Alternate translation: "than Jonah is here, yet you still have not repented, which is why God will condemn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/42.md b/mat/12/42.md index 5c83e34ce6..ccd672fd59 100644 --- a/mat/12/42.md +++ b/mat/12/42.md @@ -45,4 +45,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) # than Solomon is here You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Jesus's statement. Alternate translation: "than Solomon is here, yet you do not listen. That is why God will condemn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/43.md b/mat/12/43.md index f56415f0d0..7051b15293 100644 --- a/mat/12/43.md +++ b/mat/12/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees. He begins to tell a parable # does not find it Here "it" refers to rest. - diff --git a/mat/12/44.md b/mat/12/44.md index a3521486d7..69d8a7f39c 100644 --- a/mat/12/44.md +++ b/mat/12/44.md @@ -13,6 +13,3 @@ Again, "house" is a metaphor for the person in whom the unclean spirit was livin # it had been swept clean and put in order. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone had swept the house clean and has put everything in the house where it belongs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - - - diff --git a/mat/12/45.md b/mat/12/45.md index 1021652394..1e158a0293 100644 --- a/mat/12/45.md +++ b/mat/12/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus finishes the parable that he began with the words "When an unclean spirit" # It will be just like that with this evil generation This means that if the people of Jesus's generation do not believe him and become his disciples, they will be in a worse situation than they were before he came. - diff --git a/mat/12/46.md b/mat/12/46.md index a89c5f8a4b..d0b89b2470 100644 --- a/mat/12/46.md +++ b/mat/12/46.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are probably other children born to Mary, but it is is possible that the w # seeking to speak "wanting to speak" - diff --git a/mat/12/47.md b/mat/12/47.md index 423c817de3..92deb2c00d 100644 --- a/mat/12/47.md +++ b/mat/12/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Someone said to him, "Look, your mother and your brothers stand outside, seeking to speak to you." This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Someone told Jesus that his mother and brothers were outside and wanted to speak to him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/48.md b/mat/12/48.md index 8daa3a7ecf..e000cff710 100644 --- a/mat/12/48.md +++ b/mat/12/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The details of the message the person told Jesus are understood and not repeated # Who is my mother and who are my brothers? Jesus uses these questions to teach the people. Alternate translation: "I will tell you who are really my mother and brothers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/49.md b/mat/12/49.md index b523ce127e..30c8e757c2 100644 --- a/mat/12/49.md +++ b/mat/12/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # here are my mother and my brothers This is a metaphor that means Jesus's disciples belong to Jesus's spiritual family. This is more important than belonging to his physical family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/50.md b/mat/12/50.md index 0349987f5d..0f462db247 100644 --- a/mat/12/50.md +++ b/mat/12/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofg # that person is my brother, and sister, and mother This is a metaphor meaning that those who obey God belong to Jesus's spiritual family. This is more important than belonging to his physical family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/12/intro.md b/mat/12/intro.md index ca998fc6e0..e31fd5fa06 100644 --- a/mat/12/intro.md +++ b/mat/12/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,21 @@ # Matthew 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 12:18-21, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The Sabbath +### The Sabbath This chapter has much to say about how God's people are to obey the Sabbath. Jesus said that the rules that the Pharisees made up did not help people obey the Sabbath the way God wanted them to. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]]) -#### "Blasphemy against the Spirit" +### "Blasphemy against the Spirit" No one knows for sure what actions people perform or what words they say when they commit this sin. However, they probably insult the Holy Spirit and his work. Part of the Holy Spirit's work is to make people understand that they are sinners and that they need to have God forgive them. Therefore, anyone who does not try to stop sinning is probably committing blasphemy against the Spirit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]) ## Links: + * __[Matthew 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/13/01.md b/mat/13/01.md index 3e0e467b93..1a6e874915 100644 --- a/mat/13/01.md +++ b/mat/13/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is not mentioned at whose house Jesus was staying. # sat beside the sea It is implied that he sat down to teach the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/02.md b/mat/13/02.md index f32353316a..9f71cfbba6 100644 --- a/mat/13/02.md +++ b/mat/13/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that Jesus got into a boat because it would make it easier to teac # a boat This was probably an open, wooden fishing boat with a sail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/03.md b/mat/13/03.md index c9113103f9..4386a312e3 100644 --- a/mat/13/03.md +++ b/mat/13/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a person who so # a farmer went out to sow seed "a farmer went out to scatter seeds in a field" - diff --git a/mat/13/04.md b/mat/13/04.md index 9bc74fc6d1..1c37b8cdef 100644 --- a/mat/13/04.md +++ b/mat/13/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a "path" next to the field. The ground there would have been hard # devoured them "ate all the seeds" - diff --git a/mat/13/05.md b/mat/13/05.md index a2b15a5b41..59434c53e2 100644 --- a/mat/13/05.md +++ b/mat/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is ground full of rocks with just a thin layer of soil on top of the rocks. # Immediately they sprang up "The seeds quickly sprouted and grew" - diff --git a/mat/13/06.md b/mat/13/06.md index 792264f7e0..3ade890dc5 100644 --- a/mat/13/06.md +++ b/mat/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sun scorched the # they withered away "the plants became dry and died" - diff --git a/mat/13/07.md b/mat/13/07.md index b3ee63773d..be5da286a6 100644 --- a/mat/13/07.md +++ b/mat/13/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # choked them "choked the new sprouts." Use your word for the way weeds prevent other plants from growing well. - diff --git a/mat/13/08.md b/mat/13/08.md index bfbcd51e1e..f7a6a92b16 100644 --- a/mat/13/08.md +++ b/mat/13/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "seeds," "produced," and "crop" are understood from the previous phras # one hundred ... sixty ... thirty "100 ... 60 ... 30" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/09.md b/mat/13/09.md index ee49064fba..ce2a1ec6c1 100644 --- a/mat/13/09.md +++ b/mat/13/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # He who ... let him Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Matthew 11:15](../11/15.md). Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/10.md b/mat/13/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/13/10.md +++ b/mat/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/13/11.md b/mat/13/11.md index b48dfec0d6..bff0fec395 100644 --- a/mat/13/11.md +++ b/mat/13/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "You" is plural here and refers to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # mysteries of the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" occurs only in the book of Matthew. If possible, try to keep it in your translation. Alternate translation: "the secrets about our God in heaven and his rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/12.md b/mat/13/12.md index 5ecbe94a12..88ec0cec08 100644 --- a/mat/13/12.md +++ b/mat/13/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "has understanding # even what he has will be taken away from him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will take away even what he has" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/13.md b/mat/13/13.md index 9160c81530..867649b0a9 100644 --- a/mat/13/13.md +++ b/mat/13/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ These words could refer to 1) them hearing what Jesus teaches. Alternate transla # they do not hear Here "hear" represents listening well. Alternate translation: "they do not listen well" or "they do not pay attention" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/14.md b/mat/13/14.md index c665350236..4b9ce58612 100644 --- a/mat/13/14.md +++ b/mat/13/14.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They are fulfilling w This begins a quote from the prophet Isaiah about the unbelieving people of Isaiah's day. Jesus uses this quote to describe the very crowd that was listening to him. These statements are again parallel and emphasize that the people refused to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) -# Listening, you will hear, but you will never understand +# Listening, you will hear, but you will never understand "You will hear things, but you will not understand them." You can make explicit what the people will hear. Alternate translation: "You will hear what God says through the prophets, but you will not understand its true meaning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) diff --git a/mat/13/15.md b/mat/13/15.md index 3c5e0bc6d6..18b79fe01c 100644 --- a/mat/13/15.md +++ b/mat/13/15.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The word "heart" here is a metonym for people's innermost being. You may need to # I would heal them "have me heal them." This means God would heal them spiritually by forgiving their sins and receiving them again as his people. Alternate translation: "have me receive them again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/16.md b/mat/13/16.md index d760480e9c..cb9b44a5e1 100644 --- a/mat/13/16.md +++ b/mat/13/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ All occurrences of these words are plural and refer to the disciples. (See: [[rc # your ears, for they hear Here "ears" refer to the whole person. You can also make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "blessed are your ears, for they hear" "you are blessed because your ears are able to hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/17.md b/mat/13/17.md index ad7fd9bdd2..0d49d257da 100644 --- a/mat/13/17.md +++ b/mat/13/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can make explicit what they have seen. Alternate translation: "the things yo # the things that you hear You can make explicit what they have heard. Alternate translation: "the things you have heard me say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/18.md b/mat/13/18.md index 052b823e66..1c351a1125 100644 --- a/mat/13/18.md +++ b/mat/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Here Jesus begins to explain to his disciples the parable about a person who sows seeds, which he began in [Matthew 13:3](../13/03.md). - diff --git a/mat/13/19.md b/mat/13/19.md index 99c1da631a..ca30926329 100644 --- a/mat/13/19.md +++ b/mat/13/19.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to the mind of the hearer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-m # beside the road See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:4](../13/04.md). - diff --git a/mat/13/20.md b/mat/13/20.md index 18481455fa..8f799aafe4 100644 --- a/mat/13/20.md +++ b/mat/13/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This represents God's message. Alternate translation: "the message" or "God's te # receives it with joy Believing the word is spoken of as receiving it. Alternate translation: "joyfully believes it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/21.md b/mat/13/21.md index 9949c1b675..d0af9e19ed 100644 --- a/mat/13/21.md +++ b/mat/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he quickly falls away Here "falls away" means stops believing. Alternate translation: "immediately he falls away" or "he quickly stops believing the message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/22.md b/mat/13/22.md index 38ae539915..2fb3162b89 100644 --- a/mat/13/22.md +++ b/mat/13/22.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Jesus describes "riches" as if it were a person who could deceive someone. This # he becomes unfruitful The person is spoken of as if he were a plant. Being unfruitful represents being unproductive. Alternate translation: "he becomes unproductive" or "he does not do what God wants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/23.md b/mat/13/23.md index ac1c7f20c0..42dbb80664 100644 --- a/mat/13/23.md +++ b/mat/13/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated similar phrases in [Matthew 13:8](../13/08.md). The phras # a hundred ... sixty ... thirty 100 ... 60 ... 30 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/24.md b/mat/13/24.md index 2859eda06a..cc5a57149e 100644 --- a/mat/13/24.md +++ b/mat/13/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of he # good seed "good food seeds" or "good grain seeds." The audience probably thought that Jesus was talking about wheat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/25.md b/mat/13/25.md index 3abe36d167..f3357388b9 100644 --- a/mat/13/25.md +++ b/mat/13/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # weeds These weeds look like food plants when they are young, but their grain is poison. Alternate translation: "bad seed" or "weed seeds" - diff --git a/mat/13/26.md b/mat/13/26.md index 7682fee963..066735bf1e 100644 --- a/mat/13/26.md +++ b/mat/13/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # then the weeds appeared also "then people could see there were weeds in the field also" - diff --git a/mat/13/27.md b/mat/13/27.md index 0c0e8a2bcc..113bd73ab9 100644 --- a/mat/13/27.md +++ b/mat/13/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The servants used a question to emphasize their surprise. Alternate translation: # did you not sow The landowner probably had his servants plant the seeds. Alternate translation: "did we not sow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/28.md b/mat/13/28.md index af4289cd00..187ef23acd 100644 --- a/mat/13/28.md +++ b/mat/13/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # So do you want us The word "us" refers to the servants. - diff --git a/mat/13/29.md b/mat/13/29.md index 86b2c78977..c2ef3e89ab 100644 --- a/mat/13/29.md +++ b/mat/13/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus concludes the parable about a field with both wheat and weeds growing in i # The landowner said "The landowner said to his servants" - diff --git a/mat/13/30.md b/mat/13/30.md index 6b9c0e1c43..910de5e645 100644 --- a/mat/13/30.md +++ b/mat/13/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "I will tell # barn a farm building that can be used for storing grain - diff --git a/mat/13/31.md b/mat/13/31.md index f056391644..3bfda2106c 100644 --- a/mat/13/31.md +++ b/mat/13/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of he # mustard seed a very small seed that grows into a large plant (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/32.md b/mat/13/32.md index 4b84b6330a..af439b3042 100644 --- a/mat/13/32.md +++ b/mat/13/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A mustard plant can grow about 2 to 4 meters tall. # birds of the sky "birds" - diff --git a/mat/13/33.md b/mat/13/33.md index a052576270..2c77880727 100644 --- a/mat/13/33.md +++ b/mat/13/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Say "a large amount of flour" or use a term that your culture uses for measuring # until all the dough had risen The implied information is that the yeast and the three measures of flour were made into dough for baking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/34.md b/mat/13/34.md index 8de167f741..1d16235302 100644 --- a/mat/13/34.md +++ b/mat/13/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to what Jesus taught beginning at [Matthew 13:1](../13/01.md). # he said nothing to them without a parable "he taught them nothing except by parables." The double negative can be expressed in a positive way. Alternate translation: "everything he taught them he said in parables" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/35.md b/mat/13/35.md index 33f6c13703..12cbec3ef6 100644 --- a/mat/13/35.md +++ b/mat/13/35.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "things that God has k # from the foundation of the world The author speaks of the world as if it were a building set on a foundation. Alternate translation: "since the beginning of the world" or "since God created the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/36.md b/mat/13/36.md index b380e79226..a839ee88ec 100644 --- a/mat/13/36.md +++ b/mat/13/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the scene shifts to the house where Jesus and his disciples were staying. J # went into the house "went indoors" or "went into the house where he was staying" - diff --git a/mat/13/37.md b/mat/13/37.md index 566056ca71..3181a12fe0 100644 --- a/mat/13/37.md +++ b/mat/13/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the Son of Man Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/38.md b/mat/13/38.md index 0d1cfc7fea..17f78b12c3 100644 --- a/mat/13/38.md +++ b/mat/13/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to God the king. Alternate translation: "of God" (See: [[r # the sons of the evil one The idiom "sons of" refers those who belong to or to have the same character as someone or something. Alternate translation: "the people who belong to the evil one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/39.md b/mat/13/39.md index c1fc78d9a8..f9c0839c50 100644 --- a/mat/13/39.md +++ b/mat/13/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the enemy who sowed them "the enemy who sowed the weeds" - diff --git a/mat/13/40.md b/mat/13/40.md index 8930184413..a9ebb96e89 100644 --- a/mat/13/40.md +++ b/mat/13/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus finishes explaining to his disciples the parable of the field with both wh # Therefore, as the weeds are gathered up and consumed by fire This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Therefore, as people gather up weeds and burn them in the fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/41.md b/mat/13/41.md index f2d5e2099b..9321c159af 100644 --- a/mat/13/41.md +++ b/mat/13/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ everything that causes people to sin # those who commit lawlessness "those who are lawless" or "evil people" - diff --git a/mat/13/42.md b/mat/13/42.md index 4faee85051..64d445a528 100644 --- a/mat/13/42.md +++ b/mat/13/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metaphor for the fires of hell. If the term "furnace" is not known, "o # weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" here is a symbolic act, representing extreme sadness and suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "weeping and showing that they are suffering very much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/43.md b/mat/13/43.md index a79c2e9e1b..91ffc6e401 100644 --- a/mat/13/43.md +++ b/mat/13/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # He who has ... let him hear Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated this in [Matthew 11:15](../11/15.md). Alternate translation: "If you have ... listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/44.md b/mat/13/44.md index 205683782d..5ad888d569 100644 --- a/mat/13/44.md +++ b/mat/13/44.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ a very valuable and precious thing or collection of things # sells everything he possesses, and buys that field The implied information is that the person buys the field to take possession of the hidden treasure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/45.md b/mat/13/45.md index 2436f67161..3b291872f2 100644 --- a/mat/13/45.md +++ b/mat/13/45.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ a trader or wholesale dealer who often obtains merchandise from distant places # valuable pearls A "pearl" is a smooth, hard, shiny, white or light-colored bead formed inside mollusks in the sea and highly prized as a gem or to make into valuable jewelry. Alternate translation: "fine pearls" or "beautiful pearls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/46.md b/mat/13/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/13/46.md +++ b/mat/13/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/13/47.md b/mat/13/47.md index f1b95e07c3..31f9f38a1c 100644 --- a/mat/13/47.md +++ b/mat/13/47.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "like a net that some # was cast into the sea "was thrown into the sea" - diff --git a/mat/13/48.md b/mat/13/48.md index d744a39578..937b5bcbcf 100644 --- a/mat/13/48.md +++ b/mat/13/48.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Sometimes other creatures go into nets, but fishermen usually cast nets to catch # threw away "did not keep" - diff --git a/mat/13/49.md b/mat/13/49.md index 09f1e7f868..713911939e 100644 --- a/mat/13/49.md +++ b/mat/13/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus explains the parable about fishermen who use a large net to catch fish. # the wicked from among the righteous These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "the wicked people from the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/50.md b/mat/13/50.md index 33841b4a24..e5a91c0b89 100644 --- a/mat/13/50.md +++ b/mat/13/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor for the fires of hell. If the term "furnace" is not known, "o # weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" here is a symbolic act, representing extreme sadness and suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "weeping and expressing their extreme suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/51.md b/mat/13/51.md index 57b4af84ae..f5d860fa62 100644 --- a/mat/13/51.md +++ b/mat/13/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a person who ma # Have you understood all these things?" The disciples said to him, "Yes." If necessary, both direct quotations can be translated as indirect quotations. Alternate translation: "Jesus asked them if they had understood all this, and they said that they did understand." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/52.md b/mat/13/52.md index 88d97babfd..cf71fcb0cc 100644 --- a/mat/13/52.md +++ b/mat/13/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus speaks another parable. He compares scribes, who know very well the script # treasure A treasure is a very valuable and precious thing or a collection of things. Here it may refer to the place where these things are stored, the "treasury" or "storeroom." - diff --git a/mat/13/53.md b/mat/13/53.md index dfc1ac729a..5bcafccf89 100644 --- a/mat/13/53.md +++ b/mat/13/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then it came about that when This phrase shifts the story from Jesus's teachings to what happened next. Alternate translation: "Then when" or "After" - diff --git a/mat/13/54.md b/mat/13/54.md index c36ff522f8..b8839402be 100644 --- a/mat/13/54.md +++ b/mat/13/54.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The pronoun "their" is referring to the people of the region. # Where does this man get his wisdom and these miraculous powers from? The people believed that Jesus was just an ordinary man. They use this question to express their amazement that he was so wise and was able to do miracles. Alternate translation: "How can an ordinary man like this be so wise and do such great miracles?" or "It is strange that he is able to speak with such wisdom and do these miracles!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/13/55.md b/mat/13/55.md index c0d5b25212..192d76043a 100644 --- a/mat/13/55.md +++ b/mat/13/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The crowd uses these questions to express their belief that they know who Jesus # the carpenter's son A carpenter is someone who makes things with wood or stone. If "carpenter" is not known, "builder" can be used. - diff --git a/mat/13/56.md b/mat/13/56.md index 1bf2ee0f3a..e1e0aa27bf 100644 --- a/mat/13/56.md +++ b/mat/13/56.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The crowd uses this question to show their understanding that Jesus must have go # all these things This refers to Jesus's wisdom and ability to do miracles. - diff --git a/mat/13/57.md b/mat/13/57.md index 820358c18e..1bb707e569 100644 --- a/mat/13/57.md +++ b/mat/13/57.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "A prophet receives # in his own family "in his own home" - diff --git a/mat/13/58.md b/mat/13/58.md index 86761f94cf..6bef812f05 100644 --- a/mat/13/58.md +++ b/mat/13/58.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He did not do many miracles there "Jesus did not do many miracles in his own hometown" - diff --git a/mat/13/intro.md b/mat/13/intro.md index c1dfcfcac0..e1850ac268 100644 --- a/mat/13/intro.md +++ b/mat/13/intro.md @@ -1,37 +1,37 @@ # Matthew 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 13:14-15, which is from the Old Testament. This chapter begins a new section. It contains some of Jesus's parables about the kingdom of heaven. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metonymy +### Metonymy Jesus often says the word "heaven" when he wants his hearers to think of God, who lives in heaven ([Matthew 13:11](../../mat/13/11.md)). -#### Implicit information +### Implicit information Speakers usually do not say things that they think their hearers already understand. When Matthew wrote that Jesus "sat beside the sea" ([Matthew 13:1](../../mat/13/01.md)), he probably expected his hearers to know that Jesus was about to teach the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Speakers often use words for things that can be touched to speak of things that cannot be touched. Jesus spoke of a bird eating a seed to describe how Satan kept people from understanding Jesus's message ([Matthew 13:19](../../mat/13/19.md)). -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Passive voice +### Passive voice Many sentences in this chapter tell that a person had something happen to him without saying who caused that something to happen. For example, "they were scorched" ([Matthew 13:6](../../mat/13/06.md)). You may have to translate the sentence so that it tells the reader who performed the action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) -#### Parables +### Parables The parables were short stories that Jesus told so that people would easily understand the lesson he was trying to teach them. He also told the stories so that those who did not want to believe in him would not understand the truth ([Matthew 13:11-13](./11.md)). ## Links: + * __[Matthew 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/14/01.md b/mat/14/01.md index c2f451a91a..e04541094f 100644 --- a/mat/14/01.md +++ b/mat/14/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These verses explain Herod's reaction when he heard about Jesus. This event happ # heard the news about Jesus "heard reports about Jesus" or "heard about the fame of Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/14/02.md b/mat/14/02.md index 859ee07957..ed2e1402c6 100644 --- a/mat/14/02.md +++ b/mat/14/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "the dead" speak of all dead people together in the underworld. To ris # Therefore these powers are at work in him Some Jews at that time believed if a person came back from the dead he would have powers to do mighty things. - diff --git a/mat/14/03.md b/mat/14/03.md index 425b0107a2..ed0ec6cb53 100644 --- a/mat/14/03.md +++ b/mat/14/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It says that Herod did these things although he actually ordered others to do th # Philip's wife Philip was Herod's brother. Herod had taken Philip's wife to be his own wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/04.md b/mat/14/04.md index 06c75506e5..0f6bfa4b66 100644 --- a/mat/14/04.md +++ b/mat/14/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be expressed as an indirect quote, if needed. Alternate translation: "F # It is not lawful Philip was still alive when Herod married Herodias. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/05.md b/mat/14/05.md index 08f5898b79..23dfbda40c 100644 --- a/mat/14/05.md +++ b/mat/14/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # they regarded him "they regarded John" - diff --git a/mat/14/06.md b/mat/14/06.md index bda518e358..a83c47fd79 100644 --- a/mat/14/06.md +++ b/mat/14/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the midst You can make explicit the implicit information. Alternate translation: "in the midst of the guests attending the birthday celebration" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/07.md b/mat/14/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/14/07.md +++ b/mat/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/14/08.md b/mat/14/08.md index 951fccbe71..2fbc8391ff 100644 --- a/mat/14/08.md +++ b/mat/14/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After her mother inst # platter a very large plate - diff --git a/mat/14/09.md b/mat/14/09.md index 4cb0a3b9e4..608e88fe7b 100644 --- a/mat/14/09.md +++ b/mat/14/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ sad and upset, as when a friend or family member dies # he ordered that it should be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he ordered his men to do what she said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/10.md b/mat/14/10.md index c754c4a2df..c6883e5be3 100644 --- a/mat/14/10.md +++ b/mat/14/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This concludes the account of how Herod executed John the Baptist. - diff --git a/mat/14/11.md b/mat/14/11.md index 9ad991e8b9..3aedae0f5f 100644 --- a/mat/14/11.md +++ b/mat/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a very large plate # girl Use the word for a young, unmarried girl. - diff --git a/mat/14/12.md b/mat/14/12.md index 3764c3f9ae..bd4bd93739 100644 --- a/mat/14/12.md +++ b/mat/14/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # they went and told Jesus The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the disciples of John went and told Jesus what had happened to John the Baptist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/13.md b/mat/14/13.md index 19ac98c936..df493c84cd 100644 --- a/mat/14/13.md +++ b/mat/14/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a change in the main story. Here Matthew returns # on foot This means that the people in the crowd were walking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/14.md b/mat/14/14.md index a8579234c9..aa54b58065 100644 --- a/mat/14/14.md +++ b/mat/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Jesus came before them and saw the large crowd "When Jesus came ashore, he saw a large crowd" - diff --git a/mat/14/15.md b/mat/14/15.md index 69cc417246..4be5a7bc78 100644 --- a/mat/14/15.md +++ b/mat/14/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This begins the account of Jesus feeding five thousand people with only five sma # the hour has already passed Possible meanings of the words "the hour" are 1) they refer to the time for teaching. Alternate translation: "there is no more time for you to teach" Or 2) they refer to the day. Alternate translation: "the day is already over." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/16.md b/mat/14/16.md index 15a2f1fa43..4b5b383783 100644 --- a/mat/14/16.md +++ b/mat/14/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # You give them The word "You" is plural, referring to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/17.md b/mat/14/17.md index d45c9c85f9..3a24b9e3ef 100644 --- a/mat/14/17.md +++ b/mat/14/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # five loaves of bread Loaves of bread are lumps of dough that have been shaped and baked. - diff --git a/mat/14/18.md b/mat/14/18.md index 98efb60b48..537d144071 100644 --- a/mat/14/18.md +++ b/mat/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bring them to me "Bring the loaves and fish to me" - diff --git a/mat/14/19.md b/mat/14/19.md index 16a00c20a5..3a6afa222a 100644 --- a/mat/14/19.md +++ b/mat/14/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This concludes the account of Jesus feeding five thousand people. # Looking up Possible meanings are 1) "While looking up" or 2) "After looking up" - diff --git a/mat/14/20.md b/mat/14/20.md index 1942909571..9441f43f51 100644 --- a/mat/14/20.md +++ b/mat/14/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "until they were f # twelve baskets full "12 baskets full" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/21.md b/mat/14/21.md index c393604f1c..7386c526b3 100644 --- a/mat/14/21.md +++ b/mat/14/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # five thousand men "5,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/22.md b/mat/14/22.md index 699ef5199b..88eb4bfd2f 100644 --- a/mat/14/22.md +++ b/mat/14/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The following verses describe events that happened right after Jesus fed the fiv # Immediately he "As soon as Jesus had finished feeding all the people, he" - diff --git a/mat/14/23.md b/mat/14/23.md index ec6fb297df..dba6fdf5b7 100644 --- a/mat/14/23.md +++ b/mat/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When evening came "Late in the evening" or "When it became dark" - diff --git a/mat/14/24.md b/mat/14/24.md index c9d6e93211..2f6c0b768d 100644 --- a/mat/14/24.md +++ b/mat/14/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # being tossed about by the waves "and the disciples could not control the boat because of the large waves" - diff --git a/mat/14/25.md b/mat/14/25.md index 63587a3b3d..5abce36453 100644 --- a/mat/14/25.md +++ b/mat/14/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The fourth watch is between 3 a.m. and sunrise. Alternate translation: "Just bef # walking on the sea "walking on top of the water" - diff --git a/mat/14/26.md b/mat/14/26.md index f7084749de..11cd5cbc04 100644 --- a/mat/14/26.md +++ b/mat/14/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # ghost a spirit that has left the body of a person who has died - diff --git a/mat/14/27.md b/mat/14/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/14/27.md +++ b/mat/14/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/14/28.md b/mat/14/28.md index 31ce10ab54..ab24334f4e 100644 --- a/mat/14/28.md +++ b/mat/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Peter answered him "Peter answered Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/14/29.md b/mat/14/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/14/29.md +++ b/mat/14/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/14/30.md b/mat/14/30.md index 973a328e6d..ed913b35db 100644 --- a/mat/14/30.md +++ b/mat/14/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when Peter saw the strong wind Here "saw the strong wind" means he became aware of the wind. Alternate translation: "when Peter saw that the wind was tossing the waves back and forth" or "when he realized how strong the wind was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/31.md b/mat/14/31.md index 78c15bad13..1b5a777dbe 100644 --- a/mat/14/31.md +++ b/mat/14/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # why did you doubt? Jesus uses a question to tell Peter than he should not have doubted. You can make explicit what Peter should not have doubted. Alternate translation: "you should not have doubted that I could keep you from sinking." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/32.md b/mat/14/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/14/32.md +++ b/mat/14/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/14/33.md b/mat/14/33.md index e17e9f3173..4ede36f43a 100644 --- a/mat/14/33.md +++ b/mat/14/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/34.md b/mat/14/34.md index 4fe2de57fb..670833f828 100644 --- a/mat/14/34.md +++ b/mat/14/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Matthew describes in 14:34-36 what happened after Jesus walked on the water. He # Gennesaret This is a small town on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/35.md b/mat/14/35.md index 964f57b80a..1a5f8782ca 100644 --- a/mat/14/35.md +++ b/mat/14/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they sent messages "the men of that area sent messages" - diff --git a/mat/14/36.md b/mat/14/36.md index 02e6cd27c7..a55582ad2c 100644 --- a/mat/14/36.md +++ b/mat/14/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # were healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "became well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/14/intro.md b/mat/14/intro.md index 76aa7e829a..7754610b99 100644 --- a/mat/14/intro.md +++ b/mat/14/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Matthew 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Verses 1 and 2 continue the account from chapter 13. Verses 3-12 stop the account and speak of things that happened earlier, possibly soon after Satan tempted Jesus (see [Matthew 4:12](../../mat/04/12.md)). Verse 13 continues the account from verse 2. Be sure to have words in verses 3-12 that tell the reader that Matthew has stopped his account to give new information before he continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) -### Possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Passive voice +### Passive voice Many sentences in this chapter tell that a person had something happen to him without saying who caused that something to happen. For example, the writer does not tell who brought John's head to Herodias's daughter ([Matthew 14:11](../../mat/14/11.md)). You may have to translate the sentence so that it tells the reader who performed the action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) ## Links: + * __[Matthew 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/15/01.md b/mat/15/01.md index 8d84c7239d..bc31edb305 100644 --- a/mat/15/01.md +++ b/mat/15/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The scene shifts to events that occur some time after events of the previous chapter. Here Jesus responds to the criticisms of the Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/02.md b/mat/15/02.md index ea2c5c207a..8e94933593 100644 --- a/mat/15/02.md +++ b/mat/15/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This washing is not only to clean hands. This refers to a ceremonial washing acc # when they eat bread The word "bread" here is a synecdoche for any kind of food, and the word "when" refers to what people generally do before eating meals. Alternate translation: "before they eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/03.md b/mat/15/03.md index 7968578331..0e293a7392 100644 --- a/mat/15/03.md +++ b/mat/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then why do you violate the commandment of God for the sake of your traditions? Jesus answers with a question to criticize what the religious leaders do. Alternate translation: "And I see that you refuse to obey God's commands just so that you can follow what your ancestors taught you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/04.md b/mat/15/04.md index bf1432c719..8298caa134 100644 --- a/mat/15/04.md +++ b/mat/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees. # He who speaks evil of his father or mother will surely die "The people should execute anyone who speaks evil of his father or mother" - diff --git a/mat/15/05.md b/mat/15/05.md index f2e72c71d5..d015010823 100644 --- a/mat/15/05.md +++ b/mat/15/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But you say Here "you" is plural and refers to the Pharisees and scribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/06.md b/mat/15/06.md index 1347d28e54..6a6e33500f 100644 --- a/mat/15/06.md +++ b/mat/15/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "the word of God" refers specifically to God's commands. Alternate translat # for the sake of your traditions "because you want to follow your traditions" - diff --git a/mat/15/07.md b/mat/15/07.md index b6888b66e9..b1e004b6d7 100644 --- a/mat/15/07.md +++ b/mat/15/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus concludes his response to the Pharisees and scribes. # when he said It is implied that Isaiah is speaking what God told him. Alternate translation: "when he told what God said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/08.md b/mat/15/08.md index 1a883f376c..88cd66b6b7 100644 --- a/mat/15/08.md +++ b/mat/15/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ All occurrences of this word refer to God. # but their heart is far from me Here "heart" refers to a person's thoughts or emotions. This phrase is a way of saying the people are not truly devoted to God. Alternate translation: "but they do not really love me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/09.md b/mat/15/09.md index bd22aecc9b..ca5f2d223b 100644 --- a/mat/15/09.md +++ b/mat/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the commandments of people "the rules that people make up" - diff --git a/mat/15/10.md b/mat/15/10.md index 690898d467..9311a30727 100644 --- a/mat/15/10.md +++ b/mat/15/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to teach the crowd and his disciples about what defiles a person and why the Pharisees and scribes were wrong to criticize him. - diff --git a/mat/15/11.md b/mat/15/11.md index f566ddd519..1c59d6a992 100644 --- a/mat/15/11.md +++ b/mat/15/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # enters into the mouth ... comes out of the mouth Jesus is contrasting what a person eats to what a person says. Jesus means that God is concerned with what a person says rather than what a person eats. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/12.md b/mat/15/12.md index 7b6ac74615..45dcc6b6fa 100644 --- a/mat/15/12.md +++ b/mat/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Pharisees were offended when they heard this statement This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this statement made the Pharisees angry" or "this statement offended the Pharisees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/13.md b/mat/15/13.md index 38ceba99a7..6b328fd7db 100644 --- a/mat/15/13.md +++ b/mat/15/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God a # will be rooted up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my Father will uproot" or "he will take out of the ground" or "he will remove" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/14.md b/mat/15/14.md index dcc7416662..0abd62729e 100644 --- a/mat/15/14.md +++ b/mat/15/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the Pharisees. # blind guides ... both will fall into a pit Jesus uses another metaphor to describe the Pharisees. Jesus means that the Pharisees do not understand God's commands or how to please him. Therefore, they cannot teach others how to please God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/15.md b/mat/15/15.md index d2ab0083fb..0e51953a88 100644 --- a/mat/15/15.md +++ b/mat/15/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peter wants Jesus to explain the parable that Jesus told in [Matthew 15:13-14](. # to us "to us disciples" - diff --git a/mat/15/16.md b/mat/15/16.md index 8778e55e5a..5b01091d48 100644 --- a/mat/15/16.md +++ b/mat/15/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus explains the parable that he told in [Matthew 15:13-14](./13.md). # Are you also still without understanding? Jesus uses a question to rebuke the disciples for not understanding the parable. Also, the word "you" is emphasized. Jesus cannot believe his own disciples do not understand. Alternate translation: "I am disappointed that you, my disciples, still do not understand what I teach!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/17.md b/mat/15/17.md index 55504553e9..82b3e9c3de 100644 --- a/mat/15/17.md +++ b/mat/15/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to rebuke the disciples for not understanding the parable. # latrine This a polite term for the place where people bury body waste. - diff --git a/mat/15/18.md b/mat/15/18.md index 29496f5588..358030e2ee 100644 --- a/mat/15/18.md +++ b/mat/15/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to what a person says. Alternate translation: "words that a person s # from the heart Here "heart" refers to a person's mind or innermost being. Alternate translation: "from inside the person" or "from a person's mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/19.md b/mat/15/19.md index 604202756a..01ba71ff3a 100644 --- a/mat/15/19.md +++ b/mat/15/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # murder the act of killing innocent people - diff --git a/mat/15/20.md b/mat/15/20.md index 9a4f5a50f5..1ae73864bf 100644 --- a/mat/15/20.md +++ b/mat/15/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to eat with unwashed hands This refers to eating without first ceremonially washing one's hands according to the traditions of the elders. Alternate translation: "eating without first washing one's hands" - diff --git a/mat/15/21.md b/mat/15/21.md index ed69d9559b..bb0badea54 100644 --- a/mat/15/21.md +++ b/mat/15/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins an account of Jesus healing the daughter of a Canaanite woman. # Jesus went away It is implied that the disciples went with Jesus. Alternate translation: "Jesus and his disciples went away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/22.md b/mat/15/22.md index 983303e7bb..a42d3ac4b4 100644 --- a/mat/15/22.md +++ b/mat/15/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "Descendant of D # My daughter is severely demon-possessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "A demon is controlling my daughter terribly" or "A demon is tormenting my daughter severely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/23.md b/mat/15/23.md index cf9bd5c825..51144756bf 100644 --- a/mat/15/23.md +++ b/mat/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # answered her not a word Here "word" refers to what a person says. Alternate translation: "said nothing to her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/24.md b/mat/15/24.md index 4c6074b6b7..ee8f1b23b7 100644 --- a/mat/15/24.md +++ b/mat/15/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God did not send me t # to the lost sheep of the house of Israel This is a metaphor comparing the entire nation of Israel to sheep who have gone away from their shepherd. See how you translated this in [Matthew 10:6](../10/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/25.md b/mat/15/25.md index c257e64c66..b82d8e1c98 100644 --- a/mat/15/25.md +++ b/mat/15/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bowed down before him This shows that the woman humbled herself before Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/26.md b/mat/15/26.md index 4be9314201..41cddc83a9 100644 --- a/mat/15/26.md +++ b/mat/15/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "the children's f # the little dogs The Jews considered dogs to be unclean animals. Here they are used as an image for non-Jews. - diff --git a/mat/15/27.md b/mat/15/27.md index 0708eb8bf5..425f04f11d 100644 --- a/mat/15/27.md +++ b/mat/15/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The woman responds by using the same imagery as Jesus used in the proverb he jus # little dogs Use words here for dogs of any size that people keep as pets. See how you translated this in [Matthew 15:26](../15/26.md). - diff --git a/mat/15/28.md b/mat/15/28.md index f4de3a0548..edfe42a1b5 100644 --- a/mat/15/28.md +++ b/mat/15/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus healed her daug # from that hour This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "at exactly the same time" or "immediately" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/29.md b/mat/15/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/15/29.md +++ b/mat/15/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/15/30.md b/mat/15/30.md index f1873ddbae..0e393ee3b3 100644 --- a/mat/15/30.md +++ b/mat/15/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They presented them at Jesus' feet Apparently some of these sick or crippled people were unable to stand up, so when their friends brought them to Jesus, they placed them on the ground in front of him. Alternate translation: "The crowds placed the sick people on the ground in front of Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/15/31.md b/mat/15/31.md index 8564266d2b..15ab00a7ca 100644 --- a/mat/15/31.md +++ b/mat/15/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the crippled become w # the crippled ... the lame ... the blind These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "the crippled persons ... the lame persons ... the blind persons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/32.md b/mat/15/32.md index b3eee9f932..cc0c3390f0 100644 --- a/mat/15/32.md +++ b/mat/15/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins the account of Jesus feeding four thousand people with seven loaves # without eating, or they may faint on the way "without eating because they might faint on the way" - diff --git a/mat/15/33.md b/mat/15/33.md index 556639139c..993f3f98ce 100644 --- a/mat/15/33.md +++ b/mat/15/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Where can we get enough loaves of bread in such a deserted place to satisfy so large a crowd? The disciples use a question to state that there is nowhere to get food for the crowd. Alternate translation: "There is nowhere nearby that we can get enough bread for such a large crowd." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/34.md b/mat/15/34.md index cf15fcab9a..7bf803daac 100644 --- a/mat/15/34.md +++ b/mat/15/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Seven, and a few small fish The understood information can be made clear. Alternate translation: "We have seven loaves of bread, and we also have a few small fish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/35.md b/mat/15/35.md index eadbd6eb37..5bc985e6e2 100644 --- a/mat/15/35.md +++ b/mat/15/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sit down on the ground Use your language's word for how people customarily eat when there is no table, whether sitting or lying down. - diff --git a/mat/15/36.md b/mat/15/36.md index 302fd32cb8..da04d44691 100644 --- a/mat/15/36.md +++ b/mat/15/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # gave them "gave the bread and the fish" - diff --git a/mat/15/37.md b/mat/15/37.md index 07d1456505..ebf3420564 100644 --- a/mat/15/37.md +++ b/mat/15/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they gathered "the disciples gathered" or "some people gathered" - diff --git a/mat/15/38.md b/mat/15/38.md index a945784989..723184cfca 100644 --- a/mat/15/38.md +++ b/mat/15/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # four thousand men "4,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/39.md b/mat/15/39.md index 39bda73520..fb705b12ff 100644 --- a/mat/15/39.md +++ b/mat/15/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Magadan This region is sometimes called "Magdala." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mat/15/intro.md b/mat/15/intro.md index ae7b4f9098..4e0211a99e 100644 --- a/mat/15/intro.md +++ b/mat/15/intro.md @@ -1,27 +1,27 @@ # Matthew 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 15:8-9, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The "traditions of the elders" +### The "traditions of the elders" -The "traditions of the elders" were oral laws that the Jewish religious leaders developed because they wanted to make sure that everyone obeyed the law of Moses. However, they often worked harder to obey these rules than to obey the law of Moses itself. Jesus rebuked the religious leaders for this, and they became angry as a result. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) +The "traditions of the elders" were oral laws that the Jewish religious leaders developed because they wanted to make sure that everyone obeyed the law of Moses. However, they often worked harder to obey these rules than to obey the law of Moses itself. Jesus rebuked the religious leaders for this, and they became angry as a result. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Jews and Gentiles +### Jews and Gentiles The Jews of Jesus's time thought that only Jews could please God by the way they lived. Jesus healed a Canaanite Gentile woman's daughter to show his followers that he would accept both Jews and Gentiles as his people. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Sheep +### Sheep The Bible often speaks of people as if they were sheep because sheep need someone to take care of them. This is because they do not see well and they often go to where other animals can kill them easily. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: + * __[Matthew 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/16/01.md b/mat/16/01.md index 485ff4af6e..b6cfe18cff 100644 --- a/mat/16/01.md +++ b/mat/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins an encounter between Jesus and the Pharisees and Sadducees. # tested him Here "tested" is used in a negative sense. Alternate translation: "challenged him" or "wanted to trap him" - diff --git a/mat/16/02.md b/mat/16/02.md index 45302a2417..d28015521f 100644 --- a/mat/16/02.md +++ b/mat/16/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means clear, calm, and pleasant weather. # for the sky is red As the sun is setting, Jews knew that if the color of the sky changes to red, it is a sign the next day will be clear and calm. - diff --git a/mat/16/03.md b/mat/16/03.md index 8d57165069..376ef991f5 100644 --- a/mat/16/03.md +++ b/mat/16/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The situation can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "If the sky is # but you cannot interpret the signs of the times "but you do not know how to look at what is happening right now and understand what it means" - diff --git a/mat/16/04.md b/mat/16/04.md index 465edf2b22..453a66eb84 100644 --- a/mat/16/04.md +++ b/mat/16/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not give it # the sign of Jonah "what happened to Jonah" or "the miracle that God did for Jonah." See how you translated this in [Matthew 12:39](../12/39.md). - diff --git a/mat/16/05.md b/mat/16/05.md index fde4cd5b35..fe66ef0ae2 100644 --- a/mat/16/05.md +++ b/mat/16/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the scene shifts to a later time. Jesus uses an opportunity to warn his dis # the other side You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "the other side of the lake" or "the other side of the Sea of Galilee" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/06.md b/mat/16/06.md index ede0f00b68..668387a6a4 100644 --- a/mat/16/06.md +++ b/mat/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees Here "yeast" is a metaphor that refers to evil ideas and wrong teaching. Translate as "yeast" here and do not explain its meaning in your translation. This meaning will be made clear in 16:12. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/07.md b/mat/16/07.md index 519a232c8c..697e8f9b84 100644 --- a/mat/16/07.md +++ b/mat/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reasoned among themselves "discussed this with each other" or "thought about this" - diff --git a/mat/16/08.md b/mat/16/08.md index bc28306b01..ebd969caa8 100644 --- a/mat/16/08.md +++ b/mat/16/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # why do you reason ... taken no bread? Jesus uses a question to rebuke his disciples for not understanding what he just said. Alternate translation: "I am disappointed that you think it was because you forgot to bring bread that I talked about the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/09.md b/mat/16/09.md index aac8f4edad..11a8587a41 100644 --- a/mat/16/09.md +++ b/mat/16/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus use questions to rebuke the disciples. Alternate translation: "Surely you # five thousand "5,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/10.md b/mat/16/10.md index 878cec3b0a..5797732f4d 100644 --- a/mat/16/10.md +++ b/mat/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Or the seven loaves ... you took up? "Do you also not remember the seven loaves ... you took up?" Jesus uses a question to rebuke his disciples. Alternate translation: "Surely you also remember the seven loaves ... you took up!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/11.md b/mat/16/11.md index e15dd24dba..18cf7393d3 100644 --- a/mat/16/11.md +++ b/mat/16/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to rebuke the disciples. Alternate translation: "You sh # the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees Here "yeast" represents evil ideas and wrong teaching. Translate as "yeast" and do not explain the meaning in your translation. In 16:12 the disciples will understand the meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/12.md b/mat/16/12.md index 23bcfe0252..5c90ac48c5 100644 --- a/mat/16/12.md +++ b/mat/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they ... them These refer to the disciples. - diff --git a/mat/16/13.md b/mat/16/13.md index 1bae75d558..d7543bb9bd 100644 --- a/mat/16/13.md +++ b/mat/16/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. # the Son of Man Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/14.md b/mat/16/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/16/14.md +++ b/mat/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/16/15.md b/mat/16/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/16/15.md +++ b/mat/16/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/16/16.md b/mat/16/16.md index 9d69c2c838..7a745348fc 100644 --- a/mat/16/16.md +++ b/mat/16/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus that shows his relationship to God. (See: [ # the living God Here "living" contrasts the God of Israel to all the false gods and idols that people worshiped. Only the God of Israel is alive and has power to act. - diff --git a/mat/16/17.md b/mat/16/17.md index 6810a2c672..55d82d718e 100644 --- a/mat/16/17.md +++ b/mat/16/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The understood information can be made clear. Alternate translation: "but it was # my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/18.md b/mat/16/18.md index 7f73b97a0f..54cdaceafb 100644 --- a/mat/16/18.md +++ b/mat/16/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "build my church" is a metaphor for uniting the people who believe in Jesus # The gates of Hades will not prevail against it Here "Hades" is spoken of as if it were a city surrounded by walls with gates that keep dead people in and other people out. Here "Hades" represents death, and its "gates" represent its power. Possible meanings are 1) "the powers of death will not overcome my church" or 2) "my church will break down the power of death the way an army breaks into a city." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/19.md b/mat/16/19.md index 925b292cc7..464ae99e39 100644 --- a/mat/16/19.md +++ b/mat/16/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only i # Whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven Here "bind" is a metaphor meaning to forbid something, and "loose" is a metaphor meaning to allow something. Also, "in heaven" is a metonym that represents God himself. Alternate translation: "God in heaven will approve whenever you forbid or allow something on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/20.md b/mat/16/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/16/20.md +++ b/mat/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/16/21.md b/mat/16/21.md index 8bca5de723..34c48fc69f 100644 --- a/mat/16/21.md +++ b/mat/16/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here to raise back to life is an idiom for causing someone who has died to becom # third day "Third" is the ordinal form of "three." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/22.md b/mat/16/22.md index 7d7f148f82..2e526c4721 100644 --- a/mat/16/22.md +++ b/mat/16/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus tells them for the first time that he will die soon (verse 21). He will te # May this be far from you This is an idiom that means "may this never happen." Alternate translation: "No" or "Never" or "May God forbid this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/23.md b/mat/16/23.md index 6663de0dbb..5fd19fceb3 100644 --- a/mat/16/23.md +++ b/mat/16/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus means that Peter is acting like Satan because Peter is trying to prevent J # you do not think about the things of God, but about the things of people "you do not think about what God thinks is important; instead, you only thing about the things that people think are important" - diff --git a/mat/16/24.md b/mat/16/24.md index d4b63c700e..756fafc3e0 100644 --- a/mat/16/24.md +++ b/mat/16/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Following Jesus here represents being one of his disciples. Alternate translatio # and follow me Following Jesus here represents obeying him. Alternate translation: "and obey me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/25.md b/mat/16/25.md index b07b4ddb27..01ab886a1d 100644 --- a/mat/16/25.md +++ b/mat/16/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This does not mean the person must necessarily die. It is a metaphor that means # will find it This metaphor means the person will experience spiritual life with God. Alternate translation: "will find true life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/26.md b/mat/16/26.md index c0aaee81ab..a5fad84bb2 100644 --- a/mat/16/26.md +++ b/mat/16/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "the whole world" are an exaggeration for great riches. Alternate tran # What can a person give in exchange for his life? Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. Alternate translation: "There is nothing that a person can give to regain his life." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/27.md b/mat/16/27.md index 727237a671..27ff4a8863 100644 --- a/mat/16/27.md +++ b/mat/16/27.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Here Jesus refers to himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "I, the "will come, having the same glory as his Father." This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: "will come, having the same glory as my Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) # with his angels + Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: "with his Father's angels" or "with my Father's angels" or 2) Alternate translation: "with the Son of Man's angels" or "with my angels." You do not have to specify in your translations to whom the angels belong. Alternate translation: "and the angels will be with him" or "and the angels will be with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) # his Father @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God a # according to his deeds "according to what that person has done" - diff --git a/mat/16/28.md b/mat/16/28.md index c6017b71c3..a2ca7b6b21 100644 --- a/mat/16/28.md +++ b/mat/16/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "taste" means to experience. Alternate translation: "will not experience de # until they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom Here "his kingdom" represents him being King. Alternate translation: "until they see the Son of Man coming as King" or "until they see the evidence that the Son of Man is King" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/16/intro.md b/mat/16/intro.md index 2e61e320ac..7cbf87bb07 100644 --- a/mat/16/intro.md +++ b/mat/16/intro.md @@ -1,29 +1,29 @@ # Matthew 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yeast +### Yeast Jesus spoke of the way people thought about God as if it were bread, and he spoke of what people taught about God as if it were the yeast that makes bread dough become larger and the baked bread taste good. He did not want his followers to listen to what the Pharisees and Sadducees taught. This was because if they did listen, they would not understand who God is and how he wants his people to live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Jesus told his people to obey his commands. He did this by telling them to "follow" him. It is as if he were walking on a path and they were walking after him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Background information +### Background information Matthew continues his account from chapter 15 in verses 1-20. The account stops in verse 21 so Matthew can tell the reader that Jesus told his disciples again and again that people would kill him after he arrived in Jerusalem. Then the account continues in verses 22-27 with what happened the first time Jesus told the disciples that he would die. -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jesus uses a paradox when he says, "Whoever wants to save his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life for my sake will find it" ([Matthew 16:25](../../mat/16/25.md)). ## Links: + * __[Matthew 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/17/01.md b/mat/17/01.md index d821cd9a37..fea47144c3 100644 --- a/mat/17/01.md +++ b/mat/17/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins the account of Jesus's transfiguration. # Peter, James, and John his brother "Peter, James, and James's brother John" - diff --git a/mat/17/02.md b/mat/17/02.md index 06bd99cf5b..e5e877812b 100644 --- a/mat/17/02.md +++ b/mat/17/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are similes that emphasize how bright Jesus's appearance became. (See: [[r # his garments "what he was wearing" - diff --git a/mat/17/03.md b/mat/17/03.md index 5838a0aece..29d69e4132 100644 --- a/mat/17/03.md +++ b/mat/17/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Peter, James, and John. # with him "with Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/17/04.md b/mat/17/04.md index b7964234b7..41af5ee924 100644 --- a/mat/17/04.md +++ b/mat/17/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it is good for us to be here It is not clear whether "us" refers only to Peter, James, and John, or if it refers to everyone there, including Jesus, Elijah, and Moses. If you can translate so that both options are possible, do so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/05.md b/mat/17/05.md index 8a5e347674..31d9a79c46 100644 --- a/mat/17/05.md +++ b/mat/17/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This alerts the reader to pay attention to the surprising information that follo # there was a voice out of the cloud Here "voice" refers to God speaking. Alternate translation: "God spoke to them from out of the cloud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/06.md b/mat/17/06.md index 056a0e0622..d2eff219fb 100644 --- a/mat/17/06.md +++ b/mat/17/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the disciples heard it "the disciples heard God speak" - diff --git a/mat/17/07.md b/mat/17/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/17/07.md +++ b/mat/17/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/17/08.md b/mat/17/08.md index 9d33b1e1a9..0a90e42f2c 100644 --- a/mat/17/08.md +++ b/mat/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they ... saw no one except Jesus only This double negative emphasizes that Jesus was the only thing that they saw. Alternate translation: "they ... saw only Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/09.md b/mat/17/09.md index bd86d71014..8f4cf4f03b 100644 --- a/mat/17/09.md +++ b/mat/17/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The following events happen immediately after the three disciples witness Jesus' # the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/10.md b/mat/17/10.md index 9c703542fa..ad72237b9e 100644 --- a/mat/17/10.md +++ b/mat/17/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why then do the scribes say that Elijah must come first? The disciples are referring to the belief that Elijah will come back to life and return to the people of Israel before the Messiah comes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/11.md b/mat/17/11.md index 72bbf722c8..6307c0438a 100644 --- a/mat/17/11.md +++ b/mat/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # restore all things "put things in order" or "get the people ready to receive the Messiah" - diff --git a/mat/17/12.md b/mat/17/12.md index 1bdddbfdfb..f296c70f6f 100644 --- a/mat/17/12.md +++ b/mat/17/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hands" refers to power. Alternate translation: "they will make the Son of # the Son of Man will Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/13.md b/mat/17/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/17/13.md +++ b/mat/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/17/14.md b/mat/17/14.md index 533e9c63f0..a4c0c3fb25 100644 --- a/mat/17/14.md +++ b/mat/17/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This begins an account of Jesus healing a boy who had an evil spirit. These events happen immediately after Jesus and his disciples descend from the mountain. - diff --git a/mat/17/15.md b/mat/17/15.md index 073b500682..1a5b5036f2 100644 --- a/mat/17/15.md +++ b/mat/17/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the man wants Jesus to heal his son. Alternate translation: " # is epileptic This means that he sometimes had seizures. He would become unconscious and move uncontrollably. Alternate translation: "has seizures" - diff --git a/mat/17/16.md b/mat/17/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/17/16.md +++ b/mat/17/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/17/17.md b/mat/17/17.md index 6160fe95ea..8783961a8f 100644 --- a/mat/17/17.md +++ b/mat/17/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # how long will I have to stay with you? How long must I bear with you? These questions show Jesus is unhappy with the people. Alternate translation: "I am tired of being with you! I am tired of your unbelief and corruption!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/18.md b/mat/17/18.md index 1cba95d11a..1dbf785ac2 100644 --- a/mat/17/18.md +++ b/mat/17/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the boy became well" # from that hour This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "immediately" or "at that moment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/19.md b/mat/17/19.md index bfa4f16722..24d4c3853a 100644 --- a/mat/17/19.md +++ b/mat/17/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "we" refers to the disciples and does not include Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta # Why could we not cast it out? "Why could we not make the demon come out of the boy?" - diff --git a/mat/17/20.md b/mat/17/20.md index 275f0ac835..947225fe13 100644 --- a/mat/17/20.md +++ b/mat/17/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus compares the size of a mustard seed to the amount of faith needed to do a # nothing will be impossible for you This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "you will be able to do anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/21.md b/mat/17/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/17/21.md +++ b/mat/17/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/17/22.md b/mat/17/22.md index 7d46f8b97c..7b7cc1d86e 100644 --- a/mat/17/22.md +++ b/mat/17/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # into the hands of people Here "hands" refers to power or control. Alternate translation: "to the control of the people" or "to the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/23.md b/mat/17/23.md index aa7986b036..7b625a2ebc 100644 --- a/mat/17/23.md +++ b/mat/17/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive ag # deeply grieved very sad and upset, as when a friend or family member dies. See how you translated "grieved" in [Matthew 14:9](../14/09.md). - diff --git a/mat/17/24.md b/mat/17/24.md index 8285913cca..48b136b38d 100644 --- a/mat/17/24.md +++ b/mat/17/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the scene shifts again to a later time when Jesus teaches Peter about payin # the two-drachma tax This was a tax that Jewish men paid to support the temple in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "the temple tax" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/25.md b/mat/17/25.md index b048e9d990..4e5453e8a4 100644 --- a/mat/17/25.md +++ b/mat/17/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus asks these questions to teach Simon, not to gain information for himself. # their sons Possible meanings are that this word 1) is a synecdoche that refers to any members of the kings' family or 2) is a metaphor for the people of the kings' own country. Alternate translation: "their own family" or "the people of their own country" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/26.md b/mat/17/26.md index 73d6085d1d..48024a7453 100644 --- a/mat/17/26.md +++ b/mat/17/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ If you translated Jesus's questions as statements in [Matthew 17:25](../17/25.md # the sons Possible meanings are that this word 1) is a synecdoche that refers to any members of the kings' family or 2) is a metaphor for the people of the kings' own country. See how you translated these words in [Matthew 17:25](./25.md). Alternate translation: "their own family" or "the people of their own country" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/27.md b/mat/17/27.md index c4b3f32bae..b25399b5c7 100644 --- a/mat/17/27.md +++ b/mat/17/27.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # But so that we do not cause the tax collectors to stumble, go Causing people to stumble is a metaphor for offending them. Possible meanings are 1) Jesus was concerned that the tax collectors would think he had done something very wrong. Alternate translation: "so that we do not cause the tax collectors to think that we do something that is very bad" or 2) Jesus was concerned that the tax collectors might think that he was a sinner and so could not be the Messiah. Alternate translation: "so that we do not cause the tax collectors to reject me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) + # throw in a hook Fishermen tied hooks to the end of a line, then threw it in the water to catch fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ a silver coin worth four days' wages (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney # for me and you Here "you" is singular and refers to Peter. Each man had to pay a half shekel tax. So one shekel would be enough for Jesus and Peter to pay their taxes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/17/intro.md b/mat/17/intro.md index f520429842..2304872259 100644 --- a/mat/17/intro.md +++ b/mat/17/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Matthew 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Elijah +### Elijah -The Old Testament prophet Malachi lived many years before Jesus was born. Malachi had said that before the Messiah came a prophet named Elijah would return. Jesus explained that Malachi had been talking about John the Baptist. Jesus said this because John the Baptist had done what Malachi had said that Elijah would do. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) +The Old Testament prophet Malachi lived many years before Jesus was born. Malachi had said that before the Messiah came a prophet named Elijah would return. Jesus explained that Malachi had been talking about John the Baptist. Jesus said this because John the Baptist had done what Malachi had said that Elijah would do. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -#### "transfigured" +### "transfigured" Scripture often speaks of God's glory as a great, brilliant light. When people see this light, they are afraid. Matthew says in this chapter that Jesus's body shone with this glorious light so that his followers could see that Jesus truly was God's Son. At the same time, God told them that Jesus was his Son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]) ## Links: + * __[Matthew 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/18/01.md b/mat/18/01.md index 74fdfdb73b..3928f95776 100644 --- a/mat/18/01.md +++ b/mat/18/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Very soon after the events described in the previous verse. # in the kingdom of heaven The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "in God's kingdom" or "when our God in heaven establishes his rule on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/02.md b/mat/18/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/18/02.md +++ b/mat/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/18/03.md b/mat/18/03.md index 17f7f62cb1..2bb8ba86fc 100644 --- a/mat/18/03.md +++ b/mat/18/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses a simile to teach the disciples that they should not be concerned wit # enter the kingdom of heaven The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "enter God's kingdom" or "belong to our God in heaven when he establishes his rule on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/04.md b/mat/18/04.md index d02932dead..0df7c2e0f1 100644 --- a/mat/18/04.md +++ b/mat/18/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues teaching the disciples that they need to be humble like a child # in the kingdom of heaven The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "in God's kingdom" or "when our God in heaven establishes his rule on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/05.md b/mat/18/05.md index dbae1faf7c..f8b4cc19e2 100644 --- a/mat/18/05.md +++ b/mat/18/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my name" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "because of m # Whoever ... in my name receives me Jesus means that it is the same as welcoming him. Alternate translation: "When someone ... in my name, it is like he is welcoming me" or "When someone ... in my name, it is as if he were welcoming me" - diff --git a/mat/18/06.md b/mat/18/06.md index 5aabed47cf..ebb16dc646 100644 --- a/mat/18/06.md +++ b/mat/18/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if someone put a larg # millstone This is a large, heavy, circular stone used for grinding wheat grain into flour. Alternate translation: "a heavy stone" - diff --git a/mat/18/07.md b/mat/18/07.md index 4e843b6c87..233b8cb63c 100644 --- a/mat/18/07.md +++ b/mat/18/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "world" refers to people. Alternate translation: "to the people of the worl # stumbling blocks ... those stumbling blocks come ... the person through whom those stumbling blocks come Here "stumbling" is a metaphor for sin. Alternate translation: "things that cause people to sin ... things come that cause people to sin ... any person who causes others to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/08.md b/mat/18/08.md index 352a73a295..292d232b61 100644 --- a/mat/18/08.md +++ b/mat/18/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ All occurrences of these words are singular. Jesus is speaking to all people in # than to be thrown into the eternal fire having two hands or two feet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "than to have both hands and feet when God throws you into the eternal fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/09.md b/mat/18/09.md index 23e3697aaf..1b9091827a 100644 --- a/mat/18/09.md +++ b/mat/18/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "than to have both eye # the fiery hell "hell, which is full of fire" or "the fire of hell" - diff --git a/mat/18/10.md b/mat/18/10.md index 09511f5ea5..8ef0d64a46 100644 --- a/mat/18/10.md +++ b/mat/18/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an idiom that means they are in God's presence. Alternate translation: " # my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/11.md b/mat/18/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/18/11.md +++ b/mat/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/18/12.md b/mat/18/12.md index 9ad5ee26e5..338cc1978a 100644 --- a/mat/18/12.md +++ b/mat/18/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This word is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # does he not leave ... astray? Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. Alternate translation: "he will always leave ... astray." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/13.md b/mat/18/13.md index 8255479939..e4712b6334 100644 --- a/mat/18/13.md +++ b/mat/18/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of the parable that begins with the words "If anyone" in verse 1 # truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/14.md b/mat/18/14.md index b12e35ee24..772f5f6ced 100644 --- a/mat/18/14.md +++ b/mat/18/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/15.md b/mat/18/15.md index 0bd109410d..f01de221c4 100644 --- a/mat/18/15.md +++ b/mat/18/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a fellow believer in God, not a physical brother. Alternate trans # you will have gained your brother "you will have made your relationship with your brother good again" - diff --git a/mat/18/16.md b/mat/18/16.md index 2c6d70bc92..73ced67fc3 100644 --- a/mat/18/16.md +++ b/mat/18/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that by the mouth of two or three witnesses every word might be confirmed Here "mouth" and "word" refer to what a person says. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that two or three witnesses may say that what you say about your brother is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/17.md b/mat/18/17.md index f7b8731cf1..b562b693e6 100644 --- a/mat/18/17.md +++ b/mat/18/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # let him be to you as a pagan and a tax collector "treat him as you would treat a pagan or tax collector." This implies that they should remove him from the community of believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/18.md b/mat/18/18.md index b10e1a66aa..dc17ffaf83 100644 --- a/mat/18/18.md +++ b/mat/18/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All occurrences of this word are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # whatever things you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven Here "bind" is a metaphor meaning to forbid something, and "loose" is a metaphor meaning to allow something. Also, "in heaven" is a metonym that represents God himself. See how you translated similar phrases in [Matthew 16:19](../16/19.md). Alternate translation: "God in heaven will bind whatever you bind on earth and loose whatever you loose" or "God in heaven will approve whatever you forbid or allow on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/19.md b/mat/18/19.md index 41f033ace1..fc24eef838 100644 --- a/mat/18/19.md +++ b/mat/18/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These refer to the "two of you." Alternate translation: "you ... you" # my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/20.md b/mat/18/20.md index 6ba8579eb7..f6fec7f2d1 100644 --- a/mat/18/20.md +++ b/mat/18/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that Jesus means "two or more" or "at least two." (See: [[rc://en/ # in my name Here "name" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "because of me" or "because they are my disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/21.md b/mat/18/21.md index 0874ed0fd5..4116b00e3d 100644 --- a/mat/18/21.md +++ b/mat/18/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven times "7 times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/22.md b/mat/18/22.md index e80c01b69d..52a013d088 100644 --- a/mat/18/22.md +++ b/mat/18/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seventy times seven Possible meanings are 1) "70 times 7" or 2) "77 times." If using a number would be confusing, you can translate it as "more times than you can count" or "you must always forgive him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/23.md b/mat/18/23.md index 7902cd815f..3db0ab7f48 100644 --- a/mat/18/23.md +++ b/mat/18/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This introduces a parable. See how you translated a similar parable introduction # to settle accounts with his servants "his servants to pay him what they owed him" or "to have his servants tell him what they had done with the goods he had entrusted to them" - diff --git a/mat/18/24.md b/mat/18/24.md index 6318d68ac4..e80a150545 100644 --- a/mat/18/24.md +++ b/mat/18/24.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ - # the settling + This abstract noun can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "to settle accounts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) + # one servant was brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone brought one of the king's servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone brought one o # ten thousand talents "10,000 talents" or "more money than the servant could ever repay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/25.md b/mat/18/25.md index 7fb699a3f0..056b109f11 100644 --- a/mat/18/25.md +++ b/mat/18/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his master commanded him to be sold ... and payment to be made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the king commanded his servants to sell the man ... and to pay the debt with the money from the sale" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/26.md b/mat/18/26.md index be8be849f4..cfbd24b6a2 100644 --- a/mat/18/26.md +++ b/mat/18/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This shows that the servant approached the king in the most humble way possible. # before him "before the king" - diff --git a/mat/18/27.md b/mat/18/27.md index 0843a41c76..31849fc048 100644 --- a/mat/18/27.md +++ b/mat/18/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # released him "let him go" - diff --git a/mat/18/28.md b/mat/18/28.md index 098a04e41f..13272a1fa7 100644 --- a/mat/18/28.md +++ b/mat/18/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable to his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # He took hold of him "The first servant took hold of his fellow servant" - diff --git a/mat/18/29.md b/mat/18/29.md index d05d73e90f..b95c26ee70 100644 --- a/mat/18/29.md +++ b/mat/18/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This shows that the fellow servant approached the first servant in the most humb # and pleaded with him "and begged him" - diff --git a/mat/18/30.md b/mat/18/30.md index b2652a31ba..bf9fa6dd4c 100644 --- a/mat/18/30.md +++ b/mat/18/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable to his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # he went and threw him into prison "the first servant went and threw his fellow servant into prison" - diff --git a/mat/18/31.md b/mat/18/31.md index 11b5cdfbdd..946482ca2b 100644 --- a/mat/18/31.md +++ b/mat/18/31.md @@ -9,6 +9,3 @@ # deeply grieved very sad and upset, as when a friend or family member dies. See how you translated this phrase in [Matthew 17:23](../17/23.md). - - - diff --git a/mat/18/32.md b/mat/18/32.md index 3d86823cd1..8a70c9dcb0 100644 --- a/mat/18/32.md +++ b/mat/18/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable to his disciple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # you pleaded with me "you begged me" - diff --git a/mat/18/33.md b/mat/18/33.md index 9a771143e3..2c4b767484 100644 --- a/mat/18/33.md +++ b/mat/18/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should you not have ... you? The king uses a question to scold the first servant. Alternate translation: "You should have ... you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/34.md b/mat/18/34.md index aecf6e8d91..d286d954bf 100644 --- a/mat/18/34.md +++ b/mat/18/34.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus concludes his parable about forgiveness and reconciliation. # that was owed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the first servant owed the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/35.md b/mat/18/35.md index 61bd8aa868..73252994d5 100644 --- a/mat/18/35.md +++ b/mat/18/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All occurrences of these words are plural. Jesus is speaking to his disciples, b # from your heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being. The phrase "from your heart" is an idiom that means "sincerely." Alternate translation: "sincerely" or "completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/18/intro.md b/mat/18/intro.md index 4bf52eecd2..6a18d0e608 100644 --- a/mat/18/intro.md +++ b/mat/18/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # Matthew 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### What should Jesus's followers do when other followers sin against them? +### What should Jesus's followers do when other followers sin against them? Jesus taught that his followers must treat each other well and not be angry with each other. They should forgive anyone who is sorry for his sin, even if he has committed the same sin before. If he is not sorry for his sin, Jesus's followers should speak with him alone or in a small group. If he is still not sorry after that, then Jesus's followers can treat him as guilty. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: + * __[Matthew 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/19/01.md b/mat/19/01.md index b6a74a1ae5..a48c5dc08a 100644 --- a/mat/19/01.md +++ b/mat/19/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "words" refers to what Jesus taught starting in [Matthew 18:1](../18/01.md) # departed from "walked away from" or "left" - diff --git a/mat/19/02.md b/mat/19/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/19/02.md +++ b/mat/19/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/19/03.md b/mat/19/03.md index 2873fef20f..2d9e87906d 100644 --- a/mat/19/03.md +++ b/mat/19/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus begins to teach about marriage and divorce. # testing him, saying to him Here "tested" is used in a negative sense. Alternate translation: "and challenged him by asking him" or "and wanted to trap him by asking him" - diff --git a/mat/19/04.md b/mat/19/04.md index 3035b9ab07..63c28fa101 100644 --- a/mat/19/04.md +++ b/mat/19/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Have you not read that he who made them from the beginning made them male and female? Jesus uses this question to remind the Pharisees of what the scripture says about men, women, and marriage. Alternate translation: "Surely you have read that in the beginning when God created people he made them male and female." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/05.md b/mat/19/05.md index be541fd17d..0c694175e4 100644 --- a/mat/19/05.md +++ b/mat/19/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a part of the quotation from Genesis story about Adam and Eve. In that c # the two will become one flesh This is a metaphor that emphasizes the unity of a husband and a wife. Alternate translation: "they will become like one person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/06.md b/mat/19/06.md index b59777b747..d60072ee9d 100644 --- a/mat/19/06.md +++ b/mat/19/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So they are no longer two, but one flesh This is a metaphor that emphasizes the unity of a husband and a wife. Alternate translation: "So a husband and wife are no longer like two persons, but they are like one person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/07.md b/mat/19/07.md index dbbc4a7777..c4ea99d7bd 100644 --- a/mat/19/07.md +++ b/mat/19/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # certificate of divorce This is a document that legally ends the marriage. - diff --git a/mat/19/08.md b/mat/19/08.md index d559bea698..f49ca6b0a2 100644 --- a/mat/19/08.md +++ b/mat/19/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" and "your" are plural. Jesus is speaking to the Pharisees, but Moses # from the beginning Here "beginning" refers to when God first created man and woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/09.md b/mat/19/09.md index 94572320c5..273fbafec3 100644 --- a/mat/19/09.md +++ b/mat/19/09.md @@ -5,5 +5,3 @@ This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. # marries another You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "marries another woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - - diff --git a/mat/19/10.md b/mat/19/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/19/10.md +++ b/mat/19/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/19/11.md b/mat/19/11.md index ddc79ed8f0..662f1ba2a8 100644 --- a/mat/19/11.md +++ b/mat/19/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to whom it is given This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to whom God gives it" or "whom God enables to follow it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/12.md b/mat/19/12.md index fc993a49fe..be3426c7cf 100644 --- a/mat/19/12.md +++ b/mat/19/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "men who have made themselves eunuchs by removing their # for the sake of the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is found only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "so they can better serve our God in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/13.md b/mat/19/13.md index 8448d710f3..4967e0f1b4 100644 --- a/mat/19/13.md +++ b/mat/19/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus receives and blesses little children. # some little children were brought to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "some people brought little children to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/14.md b/mat/19/14.md index 4495ff65fa..45032c9cdc 100644 --- a/mat/19/14.md +++ b/mat/19/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is found only # belongs to such ones "belongs to those who are like children." This is a simile that means those who are humble like children will enter God's kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/15.md b/mat/19/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/19/15.md +++ b/mat/19/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/19/16.md b/mat/19/16.md index 0e44752241..040f9037b8 100644 --- a/mat/19/16.md +++ b/mat/19/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have # good thing This means a thing that pleases God. - diff --git a/mat/19/17.md b/mat/19/17.md index 21571d265e..c683db3629 100644 --- a/mat/19/17.md +++ b/mat/19/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this rhetorical question to encourage the man to think about his reas # to enter into life "to receive eternal life" - diff --git a/mat/19/18.md b/mat/19/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/19/18.md +++ b/mat/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/19/19.md b/mat/19/19.md index 1b99cb5690..215e132008 100644 --- a/mat/19/19.md +++ b/mat/19/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # love your neighbor as yourself The Jewish people believed that their neighbors were only other Jews. Jesus is extending that definition to include all people. Alternate translation: "love every other person as much as you love yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/20.md b/mat/19/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/19/20.md +++ b/mat/19/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/19/21.md b/mat/19/21.md index e14a22604a..4a1892dcc8 100644 --- a/mat/19/21.md +++ b/mat/19/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "to # you will have treasure in heaven The phrase "treasure in heaven" is a metaphor that refers to a reward from God. Alternate translation: "God will reward you in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/22.md b/mat/19/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/19/22.md +++ b/mat/19/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/19/23.md b/mat/19/23.md index afffb626ef..33051d0d28 100644 --- a/mat/19/23.md +++ b/mat/19/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus explains to his disciples the rewards of giving up material possessions an # to enter the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is found only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "to accept our God in heaven as their king" or "to enter God's kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/24.md b/mat/19/24.md index 24a1272c11..770222f384 100644 --- a/mat/19/24.md +++ b/mat/19/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses an exaggeration to illustrate how very difficult it is for rich peopl # the eye of a needle the hole near one end of a needle, through which thread is passed - diff --git a/mat/19/25.md b/mat/19/25.md index c121a02bf8..c28f280490 100644 --- a/mat/19/25.md +++ b/mat/19/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Who then can be saved? The disciples use a question to emphasize their surprise. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then there is no one whom God will save!" or "Then there is no one who will receive eternal life!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/26.md b/mat/19/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/19/26.md +++ b/mat/19/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/19/27.md b/mat/19/27.md index ccd10cbb70..4aa9ab230e 100644 --- a/mat/19/27.md +++ b/mat/19/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # What then will we have? "What good thing will God give us?" - diff --git a/mat/19/28.md b/mat/19/28.md index a0d3e0535c..8f3a256d55 100644 --- a/mat/19/28.md +++ b/mat/19/28.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here sitting on thrones refers to ruling as kings. The disciples will not be equ # the twelve tribes of Israel Here "tribes" refers to people from those tribes. Alternate translation: "the people of the 12 tribes of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/29.md b/mat/19/29.md index 2b411f11f3..848b64f551 100644 --- a/mat/19/29.md +++ b/mat/19/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "because of me" # will inherit eternal life This is an idiom that means "God will bless them with eternal life" or "God will cause them to live forever." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/19/30.md b/mat/19/30.md index 95ce492405..90c68295c6 100644 --- a/mat/19/30.md +++ b/mat/19/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first Here "first" and "last" refer to people's status or importance. Jesus is contrasting people's status now with their status in the kingdom of heaven. Alternate translation: "But many who seem to be important now will be the least important, and many who seem to be unimportant now will be very important" - diff --git a/mat/19/intro.md b/mat/19/intro.md index 586431f8fd..04463f5f04 100644 --- a/mat/19/intro.md +++ b/mat/19/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,19 @@ # Matthew 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Divorce +### Divorce -Jesus taught about divorce because the Pharisees wanted people to think Jesus's teachings about divorce were wrong ([Matthew 19:3-12](./03.md)). Jesus talked about what God had first said about marriage when he created it. +Jesus taught about divorce because the Pharisees wanted people to think Jesus's teachings about divorce were wrong ([Matthew 19:3-12](./03.md)). Jesus talked about what God had first said about marriage when he created it. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metonymy +### Metonymy Jesus often says the word "heaven" when he wants his hearers to think of God, who lives in heaven ([Matthew 1:12](../../mat/01/12.md)). ## Links: + * __[Matthew 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/20/01.md b/mat/20/01.md index c0fdb8e0d2..be15d19c99 100644 --- a/mat/20/01.md +++ b/mat/20/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus tells a parable about a landowner who hires workers, to illustrate how God # For the kingdom of heaven is like This is the beginning of a parable. See how you translated the introduction to the parable in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/02.md b/mat/20/02.md index 4b9311bd23..1985d0db80 100644 --- a/mat/20/02.md +++ b/mat/20/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the daily wage at that time. Alternate translation: "one day's wages" ( # he sent them into his vineyard "he sent them to work in his vineyard" - diff --git a/mat/20/03.md b/mat/20/03.md index 0cd722155d..cbe35d7fb4 100644 --- a/mat/20/03.md +++ b/mat/20/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The third hour is around nine in the morning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transla # marketplace a large, open-air area where people buy and sell food and other items - diff --git a/mat/20/04.md b/mat/20/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/20/04.md +++ b/mat/20/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/20/05.md b/mat/20/05.md index 59fdb4ca27..d264993865 100644 --- a/mat/20/05.md +++ b/mat/20/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The sixth hour is around noon. The ninth hour is around three in the afternoon. # did the same This means the landowner went to the marketplace and hired workers. - diff --git a/mat/20/06.md b/mat/20/06.md index f3f0940ea7..49747f38a8 100644 --- a/mat/20/06.md +++ b/mat/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is about five in the afternoon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordina # standing idle "not doing anything" or "not having any work" - diff --git a/mat/20/07.md b/mat/20/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/20/07.md +++ b/mat/20/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/20/08.md b/mat/20/08.md index 4493aca5b6..94debf276f 100644 --- a/mat/20/08.md +++ b/mat/20/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) # beginning from the last to the first You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "beginning with the workers who started working last, then the workers who started working earlier, and finally the workers who started working first" or "first paying the workers I hired last, then paying the workers I hired earlier in the day, and finally paying the workers I hired first" - diff --git a/mat/20/09.md b/mat/20/09.md index 4f0ad827c1..463a526cf1 100644 --- a/mat/20/09.md +++ b/mat/20/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who had been hired This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the landowner hired" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/10.md b/mat/20/10.md index 4a8479e417..6278271cc8 100644 --- a/mat/20/10.md +++ b/mat/20/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one denarius This was the daily wage at that time. Alternate translation: "one day's wages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/11.md b/mat/20/11.md index 97cdf3f71d..d54e37fe49 100644 --- a/mat/20/11.md +++ b/mat/20/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) # the landowner "the vineyard owner" - diff --git a/mat/20/12.md b/mat/20/12.md index e46a53d567..6be62f0ed3 100644 --- a/mat/20/12.md +++ b/mat/20/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we who have borne the burden of the day and the scorching heat The phrase "borne the burden of the day" is an idiom that means "worked the entire day." Alternate translation: "we who have worked the entire day, even during the hottest part" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/13.md b/mat/20/13.md index bd7dd2f727..36116d91c9 100644 --- a/mat/20/13.md +++ b/mat/20/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The landowner uses a question to rebuke the workers who were complaining. Altern # one denarius This was the daily wage at that time. Alternate translation: "one day's wages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/14.md b/mat/20/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/20/14.md +++ b/mat/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/20/15.md b/mat/20/15.md index d52a7869d8..f11cb9c6a8 100644 --- a/mat/20/15.md +++ b/mat/20/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The landowner uses a question to rebuke the workers who were complaining. Altern # I am good In the context here, the reader should understand the landowner being "good" as "generous," the opposite of the laborers being "evil," which is "envious." - diff --git a/mat/20/16.md b/mat/20/16.md index 5dec7a27d5..595d7cc78b 100644 --- a/mat/20/16.md +++ b/mat/20/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "first" and "last" refer to people's status or importance. Jesus is contras # So the last will be first Here the parable has ended and Jesus is speaking. Alternate translation: "Then Jesus said, 'So the last will be first'" - diff --git a/mat/20/17.md b/mat/20/17.md index 601ab2092a..478eaf400c 100644 --- a/mat/20/17.md +++ b/mat/20/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus foretells his death and resurrection a third time as he and his disciples # going up to Jerusalem Jerusalem was on top of a hill, so people had to travel up to get there. - diff --git a/mat/20/18.md b/mat/20/18.md index 53a84ff198..3300bfdbe6 100644 --- a/mat/20/18.md +++ b/mat/20/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. If necessary, you can transla # They will condemn The chief priests and scribes will condemn Jesus. - diff --git a/mat/20/19.md b/mat/20/19.md index 49b0812d24..f759a514c3 100644 --- a/mat/20/19.md +++ b/mat/20/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. If necessary, you can transla # he will be raised up The words "be raised up" are an idiom for "be made alive again." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will raise him up" or "God will make him alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/20.md b/mat/20/20.md index 15c1253c4c..ae2d6f72b3 100644 --- a/mat/20/20.md +++ b/mat/20/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In response to the question that the mother of two of the disciples asks, Jesus # the sons of Zebedee This refers to James and John. - diff --git a/mat/20/21.md b/mat/20/21.md index 9cdf7c930d..232e7ff731 100644 --- a/mat/20/21.md +++ b/mat/20/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These refer to having positions of power, authority, and honor. (See: [[rc://en/ # in your kingdom Here "kingdom" refers to Jesus ruling as king. Alternate translation: "when you are king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/22.md b/mat/20/22.md index f15ac1ec5c..8e12c50000 100644 --- a/mat/20/22.md +++ b/mat/20/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To "drink the cup" or "drink from the cup" is an idiom that means to experience # They said "The sons of Zebedee said" or "James and John said" - diff --git a/mat/20/23.md b/mat/20/23.md index 44bd80e5f5..387ebbae35 100644 --- a/mat/20/23.md +++ b/mat/20/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for my Father has pre # my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/24.md b/mat/20/24.md index 46c59d9a89..a83eed7118 100644 --- a/mat/20/24.md +++ b/mat/20/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they were very angry with the two brothers If necessary, you can make explicit why the ten disciples were angry. Alternate translation: "they were very angry with the two brothers because each of them also wanted to sit in a place of honor next to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/25.md b/mat/20/25.md index 4fd938d245..1f1e8d1a78 100644 --- a/mat/20/25.md +++ b/mat/20/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus finishes teaching his disciples about authority and serving others. # exercise authority over them "have control over the people" - diff --git a/mat/20/26.md b/mat/20/26.md index d98a6b90ee..401793dca7 100644 --- a/mat/20/26.md +++ b/mat/20/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whoever wishes "whoever wants" or "whoever desires" - diff --git a/mat/20/27.md b/mat/20/27.md index 578d707ef5..a73a998cac 100644 --- a/mat/20/27.md +++ b/mat/20/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be first "to be important" - diff --git a/mat/20/28.md b/mat/20/28.md index 0001f13ba9..0219873598 100644 --- a/mat/20/28.md +++ b/mat/20/28.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ To give one's live is an idiom meaning to die voluntarily, usually in order to h # for many You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "for many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/29.md b/mat/20/29.md index a1692a7e70..73ab2da145 100644 --- a/mat/20/29.md +++ b/mat/20/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the disciples and Jesus. # followed him "followed Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/20/30.md b/mat/20/30.md index d3c9b8cbb9..daae52a5f6 100644 --- a/mat/20/30.md +++ b/mat/20/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is sometimes translated as "Behold, there were two blind men sitting." Matt # Son of David Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "Descendant of King David." However, "Son of David" is also a title for the Messiah, and the men were probably calling Jesus by this title. - diff --git a/mat/20/31.md b/mat/20/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/20/31.md +++ b/mat/20/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/20/32.md b/mat/20/32.md index 7c9b415307..ad68877036 100644 --- a/mat/20/32.md +++ b/mat/20/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do you wish "do you want" - diff --git a/mat/20/33.md b/mat/20/33.md index 0e0e5a6a03..244680ce81 100644 --- a/mat/20/33.md +++ b/mat/20/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that our eyes may be opened The men speak of becoming able to see as if there eyes were to be opened. Because of Jesus's previous question, we understand that they were expressing their desire. Alternate translation: "we want you to open our eyes" or "we want to be able to see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/20/34.md b/mat/20/34.md index 05f2aed69c..3af2e04ffc 100644 --- a/mat/20/34.md +++ b/mat/20/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # being moved with compassion "having compassion" or "feeling compassion for them" - diff --git a/mat/20/intro.md b/mat/20/intro.md index 8ec5e6326c..2481be4e67 100644 --- a/mat/20/intro.md +++ b/mat/20/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ # Matthew 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The parable of the landowner and his vineyard +### The parable of the landowner and his vineyard Jesus tells this parable ([Matthew 20:1-16](./01.md)) to teach his disciples that what God says is right is different from what people say is right. ## Links: + * __[Matthew 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/21/01.md b/mat/21/01.md index 282d119f1c..cac817b9cc 100644 --- a/mat/21/01.md +++ b/mat/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins the account of Jesus's entry into Jerusalem. Here he gives his disci # Bethphage This is a village near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/02.md b/mat/21/02.md index 9c84ae4b7e..60ed87938c 100644 --- a/mat/21/02.md +++ b/mat/21/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make explicit how the donkey is tied. Alternate translation: "tied up th # colt young male donkey - diff --git a/mat/21/03.md b/mat/21/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/03.md +++ b/mat/21/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/04.md b/mat/21/04.md index 1a6282b72d..14dbb0a837 100644 --- a/mat/21/04.md +++ b/mat/21/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this happened so that # through the prophet There were many prophets. Matthew was speaking of Zechariah. Alternate translation: "the prophet Zechariah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/05.md b/mat/21/05.md index 4d941beb5a..dfa264754f 100644 --- a/mat/21/05.md +++ b/mat/21/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is another name for Jerusalem. # on a donkey—on a colt, the foal of a donkey The phrase "on a colt, the foal of a donkey" is explaining that the donkey is a young animal. Alternate translation: "on a young, male donkey" - diff --git a/mat/21/06.md b/mat/21/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/06.md +++ b/mat/21/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/07.md b/mat/21/07.md index 6354454290..98a529e129 100644 --- a/mat/21/07.md +++ b/mat/21/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cloaks These were outer clothing or long coats. - diff --git a/mat/21/08.md b/mat/21/08.md index 6e65bcf148..93557852aa 100644 --- a/mat/21/08.md +++ b/mat/21/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # crowd spread their cloaks on the road, and others cut branches off the trees and spread them in the road These are ways to show honor to Jesus as he was entering Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/09.md b/mat/21/09.md index 23496c0ab1..788a51d6a3 100644 --- a/mat/21/09.md +++ b/mat/21/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "in the name" means "in the power" or "as a representative." Alternate tran # Hosanna in the highest Here "highest" refers to God who rules from the highest heaven. Alternate translation: "Praise God, who is in the highest heaven" or "Praise be to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/10.md b/mat/21/10.md index bb2b6f15af..d1427998e8 100644 --- a/mat/21/10.md +++ b/mat/21/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "city" refers to the people living there. Alternate translation: "many peop # stirred "excited" - diff --git a/mat/21/11.md b/mat/21/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/11.md +++ b/mat/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/12.md b/mat/21/12.md index 299f8bf823..f2a75f17e2 100644 --- a/mat/21/12.md +++ b/mat/21/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus did not enter the actual temple. He entered the courtyard around the templ # who bought and sold Merchants were selling animals and other items that travelers bought to offer the proper sacrifices at the temple. - diff --git a/mat/21/13.md b/mat/21/13.md index a46627911e..9462bfbc75 100644 --- a/mat/21/13.md +++ b/mat/21/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "a place where people pray" (See: [[rc: # a den of robbers Jesus uses a metaphor to scold the people for buying and selling items in the temple. Alternate translation: "like a place where robbers hide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/14.md b/mat/21/14.md index f87fded9de..0ef57a3ff0 100644 --- a/mat/21/14.md +++ b/mat/21/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "th # lame those who have an injured foot or leg that makes walking difficult - diff --git a/mat/21/15.md b/mat/21/15.md index 455262fd49..6cd4c8ae98 100644 --- a/mat/21/15.md +++ b/mat/21/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "descendant of k # they became very angry It is implied that they were angry because they did not believe Jesus was the Christ and they did not want other people praising him. Alternate translation: "they became very angry because people were praising him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/16.md b/mat/21/16.md index 876d15c170..6cd57cc34e 100644 --- a/mat/21/16.md +++ b/mat/21/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus asks this question to remind the chief priests and scribes of what they ha # Out of the mouths of little children and nursing infants you have prepared praise The phrase "out of the mouths" refers to speaking, and "prepared praise" is a metonym for preparing the children and infants to praise. Alternate translation: "You prepared little children and nursing infants to give praise to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/17.md b/mat/21/17.md index e3041d49a0..90971fcbb2 100644 --- a/mat/21/17.md +++ b/mat/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus left them "Jesus left the chief priests and scribes" - diff --git a/mat/21/18.md b/mat/21/18.md index d81438b82d..1cb978041e 100644 --- a/mat/21/18.md +++ b/mat/21/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 18 through 22, Jesus uses a fig tree to teach his disciples about fait # Now This word is used here to mark a pause in the story. Here Matthew explains that Jesus is hungry and that is why he stops at the fig tree. - diff --git a/mat/21/19.md b/mat/21/19.md index 706fa79e73..87f0f85bda 100644 --- a/mat/21/19.md +++ b/mat/21/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that leaves were the only things that he found. # withered died and dried up - diff --git a/mat/21/20.md b/mat/21/20.md index 40185e0c6d..08a0e9e611 100644 --- a/mat/21/20.md +++ b/mat/21/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The disciples use a question to emphasize how surprised they are. Alternate tran # wither away "dry up and die" - diff --git a/mat/21/21.md b/mat/21/21.md index 58d5958167..7f9a981a06 100644 --- a/mat/21/21.md +++ b/mat/21/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can translate this direct quotation as an indirect quotation. This can also # it will be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/22.md b/mat/21/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/22.md +++ b/mat/21/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/23.md b/mat/21/23.md index 853813a5ff..7868687e8b 100644 --- a/mat/21/23.md +++ b/mat/21/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that Jesus did not enter the actual temple. He entered the courtya # these things This refers to Jesus teaching and healing in the temple. It probably also refers to Jesus driving out the buyers and sellers the previous day. - diff --git a/mat/21/24.md b/mat/21/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/24.md +++ b/mat/21/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/25.md b/mat/21/25.md index 9a4d7f0a63..95c135625b 100644 --- a/mat/21/25.md +++ b/mat/21/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "heaven" refers to God. Alternate translation: "from God in heaven" (See: [ # Why then did you not believe him? The religious leaders know that Jesus could scold them with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: "Then you should have believed John the Baptist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/26.md b/mat/21/26.md index 410e3f6af7..d92b929d91 100644 --- a/mat/21/26.md +++ b/mat/21/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a quote within a quote. You could translate the direct quotation as an i # they all view John as a prophet "they believe John is a prophet" - diff --git a/mat/21/27.md b/mat/21/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/27.md +++ b/mat/21/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/28.md b/mat/21/28.md index bf8b82995f..a792ee0931 100644 --- a/mat/21/28.md +++ b/mat/21/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus tells a parable about two sons to rebuke the religious leaders and to illu # But what do you think? Jesus uses a question to challenge the religious leaders to think deeply about the parable he will tell them. Alternate translation: "Tell me what you think about what I am about to tell you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/29.md b/mat/21/29.md index 5913f855bd..06f42e8ce0 100644 --- a/mat/21/29.md +++ b/mat/21/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he changed his mind This refers to the son reconsidering his thoughts and deciding to act differently from how he had said he would act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/30.md b/mat/21/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/30.md +++ b/mat/21/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/31.md b/mat/21/31.md index 2f5a056c94..a1188a4ae6 100644 --- a/mat/21/31.md +++ b/mat/21/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "kingdom of God" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "when # before you do Possible meanings are 1) God will accept the tax collectors and prostitutes sooner than he will accept the Jewish religious leaders, or 2) God will accept the tax collectors and prostitutes instead of the Jewish religious leaders. - diff --git a/mat/21/32.md b/mat/21/32.md index b4030b26cb..a0860c5910 100644 --- a/mat/21/32.md +++ b/mat/21/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that means John showed the people the right way to live. Altern # you did not believe him Here "you" is plural and refers to the religious leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/33.md b/mat/21/33.md index 824a1bc58f..11b2202a8b 100644 --- a/mat/21/33.md +++ b/mat/21/33.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The owner still owned the vineyard, but he allowed the vine growers to take care # vine growers These were people who knew how to take care of vines and grapes. - diff --git a/mat/21/34.md b/mat/21/34.md index f8f06da13a..4f78177da4 100644 --- a/mat/21/34.md +++ b/mat/21/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to collect his fruit The landowner expected the vine growers pay him for allowing them to use the vineyard by giving him some of the fruit they had grown. - diff --git a/mat/21/35.md b/mat/21/35.md index 61dc83d3a7..3f4921d843 100644 --- a/mat/21/35.md +++ b/mat/21/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) # his servants "the landowner's servants" - diff --git a/mat/21/36.md b/mat/21/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/36.md +++ b/mat/21/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/37.md b/mat/21/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/37.md +++ b/mat/21/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/38.md b/mat/21/38.md index d61c6ce413..fda440912a 100644 --- a/mat/21/38.md +++ b/mat/21/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/39.md b/mat/21/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/39.md +++ b/mat/21/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/40.md b/mat/21/40.md index c3774a8da5..aa46991587 100644 --- a/mat/21/40.md +++ b/mat/21/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now The word "now" does not mean "at this moment," but it is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. - diff --git a/mat/21/41.md b/mat/21/41.md index 5979b0f239..c28be8b6b6 100644 --- a/mat/21/41.md +++ b/mat/21/41.md @@ -4,6 +4,4 @@ Matthew does not make clear who answered Jesus. If you need to specify an audien # He will violently destroy those wicked people -"He will bring those wicked people to a miserable end" or "He will make those evil people die in misery" - - +"He will bring those wicked people to a miserable end" or "He will make those evil people die in misery" diff --git a/mat/21/42.md b/mat/21/42.md index 33b1ed1722..ca5953c830 100644 --- a/mat/21/42.md +++ b/mat/21/42.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "has become the corner # it is marvelous in our eyes Here "in our eyes" refers to seeing. Alternate translation: "it is wonderful to see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/43.md b/mat/21/43.md index ea7787ba4a..b747910eba 100644 --- a/mat/21/43.md +++ b/mat/21/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "kingdom of God" refers to God's rule as king. This can be stated in active # that produces its fruits "Fruits" here is a metaphor for "results" or outcome." Alternate translation: "that produces good results" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/44.md b/mat/21/44.md index 039e801799..9acc66611d 100644 --- a/mat/21/44.md +++ b/mat/21/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here, "this stone" is the same stone as in [Matthew 21:42](../21/42.md). This is # But anyone on whom it falls will be crushed This means basically the same thing as the previous sentence. It is a metaphor that means the Christ will have the final judgment and will destroy everyone who rebels against him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/21/45.md b/mat/21/45.md index 090a9ad28d..3ad2882791 100644 --- a/mat/21/45.md +++ b/mat/21/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The religious leaders react to the parable that Jesus told. # his parables "Jesus's parables" - diff --git a/mat/21/46.md b/mat/21/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/21/46.md +++ b/mat/21/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/21/intro.md b/mat/21/intro.md index 7769a65c99..0a47928218 100644 --- a/mat/21/intro.md +++ b/mat/21/intro.md @@ -1,29 +1,29 @@ # Matthew 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 21:5,16 and 42, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The donkey and the colt +### The donkey and the colt Jesus rode into Jerusalem on an animal. In this way he was like a king who came into a city after he had won an important battle. Also, the kings of Israel in the Old Testament rode on donkeys. Other kings rode on horses. So Jesus was showing that he was the king of Israel and that he was not like other kings. Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about this event. Matthew and Mark wrote that the disciples brought Jesus a donkey. John wrote that Jesus found a donkey. Luke wrote that they brought him a colt. Only Matthew wrote that there were both a donkey had a colt. No one knows for sure whether Jesus rode the donkey or the colt. It is best to translate each of these accounts as it appears in the ULB without trying to make them all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 21:1-7](../../mat/21/01.md) and [Mark 11:1-7](../../mrk/11/01.md) and [Luke 19:29-36](../../luk/19/29.md) and [John 12:14-15](../../jhn/12/14.md)) -#### Hosanna +### Hosanna This is what the people shouted to welcome Jesus into Jerusalem. This word means "save us," but people used it to praise God. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "The kingdom of God will be taken away from you" +### "The kingdom of God will be taken away from you" No one knows for sure what this phrase means. No one knows if Jesus meant that God would someday give the kingdom back or not. ## Links: + * __[Matthew 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/22/01.md b/mat/22/01.md index 2797778a15..9f3966a53a 100644 --- a/mat/22/01.md +++ b/mat/22/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To rebuke the religious leaders and to illustrate their unbelief, Jesus tells a # to them "to the people" - diff --git a/mat/22/02.md b/mat/22/02.md index 54fed527ff..49bd1047d5 100644 --- a/mat/22/02.md +++ b/mat/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The kingdom of heaven is like This is the beginning of a parable. See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). - diff --git a/mat/22/03.md b/mat/22/03.md index 2ea8126cae..5e240cbd02 100644 --- a/mat/22/03.md +++ b/mat/22/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who had been invited This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people the king had invited" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/04.md b/mat/22/04.md index fe21dec0f0..98212bf0a9 100644 --- a/mat/22/04.md +++ b/mat/22/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is implied that the animals are cooked and ready to eat. This can be stated i # My oxen and fattened cattle "My best oxen and calves for eating" - diff --git a/mat/22/05.md b/mat/22/05.md index 53a889a111..05d2bebff9 100644 --- a/mat/22/05.md +++ b/mat/22/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) # But they paid no attention "But the guests the king invited ignored the invitation" - diff --git a/mat/22/06.md b/mat/22/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/22/06.md +++ b/mat/22/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/22/07.md b/mat/22/07.md index 40ad8cfc3d..0b2c6c8938 100644 --- a/mat/22/07.md +++ b/mat/22/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they destroyed those murderers "they killed those murderers." If your language has a strong word for "killed," you might want to use it here. - diff --git a/mat/22/08.md b/mat/22/08.md index f721627b87..357d3d4ca8 100644 --- a/mat/22/08.md +++ b/mat/22/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) # those who were invited This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom I invited" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/09.md b/mat/22/09.md index 8bcb8ec130..b12b1b8c93 100644 --- a/mat/22/09.md +++ b/mat/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the highway crossings "where the main roads of the city cross." The king is sending the servants to the place where they are most likely to find people. - diff --git a/mat/22/10.md b/mat/22/10.md index 3b63f09a95..7f5d6a3e31 100644 --- a/mat/22/10.md +++ b/mat/22/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So the guests filled # hall a large room - diff --git a/mat/22/11.md b/mat/22/11.md index d61c6ce413..fda440912a 100644 --- a/mat/22/11.md +++ b/mat/22/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/12.md b/mat/22/12.md index 158675e47d..820b03b3ad 100644 --- a/mat/22/12.md +++ b/mat/22/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The king uses a question to scold the guest. Alternate translation: "you are not # the man was speechless "the man was silent" - diff --git a/mat/22/13.md b/mat/22/13.md index 8bb5ee91dc..f59d28137f 100644 --- a/mat/22/13.md +++ b/mat/22/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "outer darkness" is a metonym for the place where God sends those who rejec # weeping and the grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" is symbolic action, representing extreme sadness and suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "weeping and expressing their extreme suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/14.md b/mat/22/14.md index 4e4350f0ad..7b34ca845f 100644 --- a/mat/22/14.md +++ b/mat/22/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For God invites many # For This marks a transition. Jesus has ended the parable and now explains the point of the parable. - diff --git a/mat/22/15.md b/mat/22/15.md index 894a528bcf..3be7c75ec0 100644 --- a/mat/22/15.md +++ b/mat/22/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins an account of the religious leaders trying to trap Jesus with severa # how they might entrap Jesus in his own talk "how they could cause Jesus to say something wrong so they could arrest him" - diff --git a/mat/22/16.md b/mat/22/16.md index 1dbebcb0be..4de42d7d9b 100644 --- a/mat/22/16.md +++ b/mat/22/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These were officials and followers of the Jewish king Herod. He was friends with # you do not show partiality between people "you do not show special honor to anyone" or "you do not consider anyone more important than anyone else" - diff --git a/mat/22/17.md b/mat/22/17.md index fa70960d6c..09ed590149 100644 --- a/mat/22/17.md +++ b/mat/22/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to pay taxes to Caesar People did not pay taxes directly to Caesar but to one of his tax collectors. Alternate translation: "to pay the taxes that Caesar requires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/18.md b/mat/22/18.md index df70a4403e..4fe82c4700 100644 --- a/mat/22/18.md +++ b/mat/22/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why are you testing me, you hypocrites? Jesus uses a question to scold those who were trying to trap him. Alternate translation: "Do not test me, you hypocrites!" or "I know that you hypocrites are only trying to test me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/19.md b/mat/22/19.md index 708199db06..bcf8203df1 100644 --- a/mat/22/19.md +++ b/mat/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # denarius This was a Roman coin worth one day's wages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/20.md b/mat/22/20.md index 94b4d1e7f7..a77d1d4fe7 100644 --- a/mat/22/20.md +++ b/mat/22/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "them" refers to the Herodians and the disciples of the Pharisees. # Whose image and name are these? Jesus uses a question to get the people to think deeply about what he is saying. Alternate translation: "Tell me whose image and name you see on this coin." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/21.md b/mat/22/21.md index af8e2a926d..e6341f97c8 100644 --- a/mat/22/21.md +++ b/mat/22/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make clear the understood information in their response. Alternate trans # things that are God's "things that belong to God" - diff --git a/mat/22/22.md b/mat/22/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/22/22.md +++ b/mat/22/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/22/23.md b/mat/22/23.md index 7c4b730a5f..76e13d90e6 100644 --- a/mat/22/23.md +++ b/mat/22/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The Sadducees try to trap Jesus by asking him a difficult question about marriage and the resurrection of the dead. - diff --git a/mat/22/24.md b/mat/22/24.md index f56fbb9bb2..9a232ad5c2 100644 --- a/mat/22/24.md +++ b/mat/22/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The religious leaders were asking Jesus about what Moses had written in the scri # his brother ... his wife ... his brother Here "his" refers to the dead man. - diff --git a/mat/22/25.md b/mat/22/25.md index 0c470725fd..250431fbe9 100644 --- a/mat/22/25.md +++ b/mat/22/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Sadducees continue asking Jesus a question. # The first "The oldest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/26.md b/mat/22/26.md index 2a9df7602b..e5cbf2c2c5 100644 --- a/mat/22/26.md +++ b/mat/22/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the second ... the third ... the seventh "the next oldest ... the next oldest ... the youngest" or "his oldest younger brother ... that brother's oldest younger brother ... the youngest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/27.md b/mat/22/27.md index a26cb54383..efb866bdb4 100644 --- a/mat/22/27.md +++ b/mat/22/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # After them all "After every brother had died" - diff --git a/mat/22/28.md b/mat/22/28.md index 0cb3b9d1c8..67ebae58b0 100644 --- a/mat/22/28.md +++ b/mat/22/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the Sadducees shift from the story about the seven brothers to their actual # in the resurrection "when dead people come back to life" - diff --git a/mat/22/29.md b/mat/22/29.md index 50d25c7b83..116d1fa93b 100644 --- a/mat/22/29.md +++ b/mat/22/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that Jesus means that they are mistaken about what they think abou # the power of God "what God is able to do" - diff --git a/mat/22/30.md b/mat/22/30.md index 193e5b0337..b0b819336e 100644 --- a/mat/22/30.md +++ b/mat/22/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # nor are given in marriage This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nor will people give their children in marriage" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/31.md b/mat/22/31.md index f4d389c8ae..8c0526b23e 100644 --- a/mat/22/31.md +++ b/mat/22/31.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ Jesus begins asking a question to show that people who have died will live again. He is scolding the Sadducees by asking this question. He is not looking for an answer. # have you not read + This is the beginning of a question that end with the words "the God of Jacob" in verse 32. Jesus asks this question to remind the religious leaders of what they know from scripture. If this rhetorical question is translated as a statement, the question mark in verse 32 would be changed to a period. Alternate translation: "you have read" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) # what was spoken to you by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God spoke to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/32.md b/mat/22/32.md index df34a0c041..6c7386a4f3 100644 --- a/mat/22/32.md +++ b/mat/22/32.md @@ -3,12 +3,13 @@ Jesus finishes asking the question he began in verse 31. # the God of Jacob'? + This question begins in verse 31 and ends in verse 32. Jesus uses this question to remind the Sadducees of what is in the scripture and to rebuke them for not understanding it. If you translated the rhetorical question as a statement in verse 31, then the question mark here would be changed to a period. Alternate translation: "the God of Jacob.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) # 'I am the God of ... Jacob' + You can translate the direct quotation as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "that he is the God of ... Jacob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) # of the dead, but of the living These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "of dead people, but he is the God of living people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/33.md b/mat/22/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/22/33.md +++ b/mat/22/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/22/34.md b/mat/22/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/22/34.md +++ b/mat/22/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/22/35.md b/mat/22/35.md index c549c437de..dff6d69b29 100644 --- a/mat/22/35.md +++ b/mat/22/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: A Pharisee who was an expert in the law tries to trap Jesus by asking him a difficult question about the greatest commandment. - diff --git a/mat/22/36.md b/mat/22/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/22/36.md +++ b/mat/22/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/22/37.md b/mat/22/37.md index c59e3eb7f9..a66f85c731 100644 --- a/mat/22/37.md +++ b/mat/22/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus quotes a verse from Deuteronomy as the greatest commandment. # with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind These three phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/38.md b/mat/22/38.md index 138daef0c5..f2bb285aee 100644 --- a/mat/22/38.md +++ b/mat/22/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the great and first commandment Here "great" and "first" mean the same thing. They emphasize that this is the most important commandment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/39.md b/mat/22/39.md index 7da27c2849..d5183c9e55 100644 --- a/mat/22/39.md +++ b/mat/22/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus quotes a verse from Leviticus as the second greatest commandment. # your neighbor Here "neighbor" means more than just those who live nearby. Jesus means a person must love all people. - diff --git a/mat/22/40.md b/mat/22/40.md index 1a1153970a..229620de93 100644 --- a/mat/22/40.md +++ b/mat/22/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # On these two commandments depend the whole law and the prophets Here the phrase "the whole law and the prophets" refers to all of scripture. Alternate translation: "Everything that Moses and the prophets wrote in the scriptures is based on these two commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/41.md b/mat/22/41.md index 1c9974668d..9a44cbf30d 100644 --- a/mat/22/41.md +++ b/mat/22/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus asks the Pharisees a difficult question in order to stop their attempts to # Now This word is used here to mark a new part of the story in which Jesus asks the religious leaders a question. - diff --git a/mat/22/42.md b/mat/22/42.md index 432c54e398..f0239c0fed 100644 --- a/mat/22/42.md +++ b/mat/22/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # son ... son of David In both of these "son" means "descendant." - diff --git a/mat/22/43.md b/mat/22/43.md index 994ebe487f..315e96c37b 100644 --- a/mat/22/43.md +++ b/mat/22/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to make the religious leaders think deeply about the Psalm # call him Here "him" refers to the Christ, who is also the descendant of David. - diff --git a/mat/22/44.md b/mat/22/44.md index 84cf65ddcc..8de6fad43c 100644 --- a/mat/22/44.md +++ b/mat/22/44.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor # until I make your enemies your footstool This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "until I conquer your enemies" or "until I make your enemies bow down before you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/45.md b/mat/22/45.md index 20e0e09df4..1747b40990 100644 --- a/mat/22/45.md +++ b/mat/22/45.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to make the religious leaders think deeply about what he i # If David then calls the Christ David referred to Jesus as "Lord" because Jesus was not only a descendant of David, but he was also superior to him. - diff --git a/mat/22/46.md b/mat/22/46.md index 23d6f45df8..41d5abbb00 100644 --- a/mat/22/46.md +++ b/mat/22/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "word" refers to what people say. Alternate translation: "to answer him any # any more questions It is implied that no one asked him the kind of questions that were intended to make him say something wrong so the religious leaders could arrest him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/22/intro.md b/mat/22/intro.md index 4720ffaf24..1b740515be 100644 --- a/mat/22/intro.md +++ b/mat/22/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Matthew 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verse 44, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Wedding Feast +### Wedding Feast In the parable of the wedding feast ([Matthew 22:1-14](./01.md)), Jesus taught that when God offers to save a person, that person needs to accept the offer. Jesus spoke of life with God as a feast that a king prepares for his son, who has just gotten married. In addition, Jesus emphasized that not everyone whom God invites will properly prepare themselves to come to the feast. God will throw these people out from the feast. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Implicit information +### Implicit information Speakers usually do not say things that they think their hearers already understand. When the king in the parable said, "My oxen and fattened calves have been killed" ([Matthew 22:4](../../mat/22/04.md)), he assumed that the hearers would understand that those who had killed the animals had also cooked them. -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. To the Jews, the ancestors were the masters of the descendants, but in one psalm David calls one of his descendants "Lord." Jesus tells the Jewish leaders that this is a paradox, saying, "If David then calls the Christ 'Lord,' how is he David's son?" ([Matthew 22:45](../../mat/22/45.md)). @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. To * __[Matthew 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/23/01.md b/mat/23/01.md index b8de1935ba..c8dfe5d817 100644 --- a/mat/23/01.md +++ b/mat/23/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story, in which Jesus teaches about salvation and the final judgment. Here he begins to warn the people about the scribes and Pharisees. - diff --git a/mat/23/02.md b/mat/23/02.md index f51902875b..e77aa0a4b0 100644 --- a/mat/23/02.md +++ b/mat/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sit in Moses' seat Here "seat" represents the authority to rule and make judgments. Alternate translation: "have authority as Moses had" or "have authority to say what the law of Moses means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/03.md b/mat/23/03.md index c6e459ca3e..cafcfda2d0 100644 --- a/mat/23/03.md +++ b/mat/23/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whatever ... do these things and observe them "all the things ... do them and observe them" or "everything ... do it and observe it" - diff --git a/mat/23/04.md b/mat/23/04.md index 25a92f6cae..c4b3fd5781 100644 --- a/mat/23/04.md +++ b/mat/23/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they bind heavy burdens that are difficult to carry, and then they put them on people's shoulders. But they themselves will not move a finger to carry them Here "bind heavy burdens ... put them on people's shoulders" is a metaphor for the religious leaders making many difficult rules and making the people obey them. And "will not move a finger" is an idiom that means the religious leaders will not help the people. Alternate translation: "they make you obey many rules that are difficult to follow. But they do nothing at all to help you follow the rules" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/05.md b/mat/23/05.md index fd6ace08e1..218861420a 100644 --- a/mat/23/05.md +++ b/mat/23/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ small leather boxes containing paper with scripture written on it # they enlarge the edges of their garments The Pharisees made the tassels on the bottom of their robes especially long to show their devotion to God. - diff --git a/mat/23/06.md b/mat/23/06.md index 2b1d97def1..35e35c7b0c 100644 --- a/mat/23/06.md +++ b/mat/23/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to the crowds and disciples about the Pharisees. # places of honor ... chief seats Both of these are the places where the most important people sit. - diff --git a/mat/23/07.md b/mat/23/07.md index 6b86c96c27..745779d97d 100644 --- a/mat/23/07.md +++ b/mat/23/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ large, open-air areas where people buy and sell items # to be called 'Rabbi' by people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for people to call them 'Rabbi.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/08.md b/mat/23/08.md index 652c803b00..1966c28bb4 100644 --- a/mat/23/08.md +++ b/mat/23/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All occurrences of "you" are plural and refer to all of Jesus's followers. (See: # all of you are brothers Here "brothers" means "fellow believers." - diff --git a/mat/23/09.md b/mat/23/09.md index 7166f64e5f..989ab6d605 100644 --- a/mat/23/09.md +++ b/mat/23/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is using hyperbole to tell his hearers that they must not allow even the m # you have only one Father "Father" here is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/10.md b/mat/23/10.md index c0eeefc176..0f4c12956a 100644 --- a/mat/23/10.md +++ b/mat/23/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Also, do not let anyo # you have only one teacher, the Christ When Jesus said "the Christ," he was speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "I, the Christ, am your only teacher" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/11.md b/mat/23/11.md index 6d6dfaa32b..4fa45413c9 100644 --- a/mat/23/11.md +++ b/mat/23/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # among you Here "you" is plural and refers to Jesus's followers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/12.md b/mat/23/12.md index 6906c518aa..c12d820cce 100644 --- a/mat/23/12.md +++ b/mat/23/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will humble" (See # will be exalted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will make important" or "God will honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/13.md b/mat/23/13.md index f3240393bf..d2b71eed53 100644 --- a/mat/23/13.md +++ b/mat/23/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus begins to rebuke the religious leaders because of their hypocrisy. # You shut the kingdom of heaven against people ... you do not enter it ... neither do you allow those about to enter to do so Jesus is speaking of the kingdom of heaven, which is God ruling over his people, as if it were a house, the door into which the Pharisees have shut from the outside so that neither they nor anyone else can enter the house. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is found only in the book of Matthew. If possible, use your language's word for "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "You make it impossible for people to enter the kingdom of heaven ... you do not enter it ... neither do you allow those about to enter to do so" or "You prevent people from accepting God, who lives in heaven, as king ... you do not accept him as king ... and you make it impossible for those about to accept him as king to do so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/14.md b/mat/23/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/23/14.md +++ b/mat/23/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/23/15.md b/mat/23/15.md index ffefdd225c..ea69fd24e1 100644 --- a/mat/23/15.md +++ b/mat/23/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that means they go to distant places. Alternate translation: "y # son of hell Here "son of" is an idiom that means "one belonging to." Alternate translation: "person who belongs in hell" or "person who should go to hell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/16.md b/mat/23/16.md index c4f755d1ce..b50e6b2207 100644 --- a/mat/23/16.md +++ b/mat/23/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Jewish leaders were spiritually blind. Although they thought of themselves a # is bound to his oath "is tied to his oath." The phrase "bound to his oath" is a metaphor for being required to do what one has said he would do in an oath. Alternate translation: "must do what he promised to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/17.md b/mat/23/17.md index bfc8d6ddd0..397cce7b7a 100644 --- a/mat/23/17.md +++ b/mat/23/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to rebuke the Pharisees because they treated the gold a # the temple that makes the gold holy "the temple that makes the gold belong to God alone" - diff --git a/mat/23/18.md b/mat/23/18.md index c3039be412..6feda200d4 100644 --- a/mat/23/18.md +++ b/mat/23/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an animal or grain that a person would bring to God by putting it on God # is bound to his oath "is tied to his oath." Being required to do what one has said he would do in an oath is spoken of as if he is tied to the oath. Alternate translation: "must do what he promised to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/19.md b/mat/23/19.md index 4c214e551b..aab1e53caa 100644 --- a/mat/23/19.md +++ b/mat/23/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to rebuke the Pharisees for treating the gift as if it # the altar that makes the gift holy "the altar that makes the gift special to God" - diff --git a/mat/23/20.md b/mat/23/20.md index f5b93a275c..9abeeee4d5 100644 --- a/mat/23/20.md +++ b/mat/23/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by everything on it "by all the gifts that people have placed on it" - diff --git a/mat/23/21.md b/mat/23/21.md index a4e885a5b3..7db5e79d97 100644 --- a/mat/23/21.md +++ b/mat/23/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who lives in it God the Father - diff --git a/mat/23/22.md b/mat/23/22.md index 2c3dd3f4a0..2064519d79 100644 --- a/mat/23/22.md +++ b/mat/23/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # him who sits on it God the Father - diff --git a/mat/23/23.md b/mat/23/23.md index 7af6ab23c4..5d96965a29 100644 --- a/mat/23/23.md +++ b/mat/23/23.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are various leaves and seeds people used to make food taste good. (See: [[ # and not to have left the other undone This can be stated in positive and active form. Alternate translation: "and to make sure the other is done" or "and to make sure to do the other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/24.md b/mat/23/24.md index 681e726d1c..d9dd8f9cb5 100644 --- a/mat/23/24.md +++ b/mat/23/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to pour a liquid through a cloth to remove a gnat from a drink. # gnat a small flying insect - diff --git a/mat/23/25.md b/mat/23/25.md index ae855d2ee5..a65f43d752 100644 --- a/mat/23/25.md +++ b/mat/23/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor that means the scribes and Pharisees appear pure on the outsi # they are full of robbery and self-indulgence "they take what belongs to others, and they do almost everything to benefit themselves" - diff --git a/mat/23/26.md b/mat/23/26.md index 680688569f..08f99cc874 100644 --- a/mat/23/26.md +++ b/mat/23/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Pharisees were spiritually blind. Although they thought of themselves as tea # Clean first the inside of the cup and of the plate, so that the outside may become clean also This is a metaphor that means that if they would become pure in their inner being, then the result is that they would be pure on the outside as well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/27.md b/mat/23/27.md index 0104de9b12..2badf67457 100644 --- a/mat/23/27.md +++ b/mat/23/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a simile that means the scribes and Pharisees may appear to be pure on t # whitewashed tombs "tombs that someone has painted white." The Jews would paint tombs white so that people would easily see them and avoid touching them. Touching a tomb would make a person ceremonially unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/28.md b/mat/23/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/23/28.md +++ b/mat/23/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/23/29.md b/mat/23/29.md index 513cdccd42..676eb7b378 100644 --- a/mat/23/29.md +++ b/mat/23/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # of the righteous This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "of the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/30.md b/mat/23/30.md index f892a410b7..332e2f000b 100644 --- a/mat/23/30.md +++ b/mat/23/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # shedding the blood of Here "blood" refers to life. To shed blood means to kill. Alternate translation: "killing" or "murdering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/31.md b/mat/23/31.md index d8d4f1fb95..ec3259aec7 100644 --- a/mat/23/31.md +++ b/mat/23/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sons of those who murdered the prophets Possible meanings are 1) the word "sons" is a metonym for "descendants." Alternate translation: "descendants of those who murdered the prophets" or 2) the word "sons" is a metaphor for people who are like others. Alternate translation: "just like those who murdered the prophets." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/32.md b/mat/23/32.md index 66d9d5187b..ebb794de3a 100644 --- a/mat/23/32.md +++ b/mat/23/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You also fill up the measure of your fathers Jesus uses this as a metaphor meaning the Pharisees will complete the wicked behavior that their forefathers started when they killed the prophets. Alternate translation: "You also finish the sins your ancestors began" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/33.md b/mat/23/33.md index 98ea9575b3..a649fe0b1d 100644 --- a/mat/23/33.md +++ b/mat/23/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "offspring" means "having the characteristic of." See how you translated a # how will you escape the judgment of hell? Jesus uses this question as a rebuke. Alternate translation: "there is no way for you to escape the judgment of hell!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/34.md b/mat/23/34.md index d39f3d9f44..31f6fa9b21 100644 --- a/mat/23/34.md +++ b/mat/23/34.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ Sometimes the present tense is used to show that someone will do something very # chase from city to city -You may need to make explicit that the purpose of chasing is to persecute. Alternate translation: "chase from city to city and persecute them" or "persecute them in city after city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) \ No newline at end of file +You may need to make explicit that the purpose of chasing is to persecute. Alternate translation: "chase from city to city and persecute them" or "persecute them in city after city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) diff --git a/mat/23/35.md b/mat/23/35.md index 45cf593a24..93b576e173 100644 --- a/mat/23/35.md +++ b/mat/23/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This Zechariah is unknown. He was not the father of John the Baptist. # whom you murdered Jesus does not mean the people to whom he is speaking actually murdered Zechariah. He means their ancestors did. - diff --git a/mat/23/36.md b/mat/23/36.md index 231d6c5170..bd656b2b1b 100644 --- a/mat/23/36.md +++ b/mat/23/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. - diff --git a/mat/23/37.md b/mat/23/37.md index 1aa958c200..59317784c5 100644 --- a/mat/23/37.md +++ b/mat/23/37.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a simile that emphasizes Jesus's love for the people and how he wanted t # hen a female chicken. You can translate with any bird that protects her children under her wing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/38.md b/mat/23/38.md index b7069251e5..aa130ef83d 100644 --- a/mat/23/38.md +++ b/mat/23/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your house Possible meanings are 1) "the city of Jerusalem" or 2) "the temple." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/39.md b/mat/23/39.md index 92249a0280..54d341ac42 100644 --- a/mat/23/39.md +++ b/mat/23/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. # Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord Here "in the name" means "in the power" or "as a representative." See how you translated this in [Matthew 21:9](../21/09.md). Alternate translation: "He who comes in the power of the Lord is blessed" or "He who comes as the representative of the Lord will be blessed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/23/intro.md b/mat/23/intro.md index ce2115c583..ed91ea1c10 100644 --- a/mat/23/intro.md +++ b/mat/23/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Matthew 23 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Hypocrites +### Hypocrites -Jesus calls the Pharisees hypocrites many times ([Matthew 23:13](../../mat/23/13.md), [15](../../mat/23/15.md), [23](../../mat/23/23.md), [25](../../mat/23/25.md), [27](../../mat/23/27.md), [29](../../mat/23/29.md)) and carefully tells what he means by doing that. The Pharisees made rules that no one could actually obey, and then they persuaded the ordinary people that they were guilty because they could not obey the rules. Also, the Pharisees obeyed their own rules instead of obeying God's original commands in the law of Moses. +Jesus calls the Pharisees hypocrites many times ([Matthew 23:13](../../mat/23/13.md), [15](../../mat/23/15.md), [23](../../mat/23/23.md), [25](../../mat/23/25.md), [27](../../mat/23/27.md), [29](../../mat/23/29.md)) and carefully tells what he means by doing that. The Pharisees made rules that no one could actually obey, and then they persuaded the ordinary people that they were guilty because they could not obey the rules. Also, the Pharisees obeyed their own rules instead of obeying God's original commands in the law of Moses. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Name calling +### Name calling In most cultures, it is wrong to insult people. The Pharisees took many of the words in this chapter as insults. Jesus called them "hypocrites," "blind guides," "fools," and "serpents" ([Matthew 23:16-17](./16.md)). Jesus uses these words to say that God would surely punish them because they were doing wrong. -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jesus uses a paradox when he says, "He who is greatest among you will be your servant" ([Matthew 23:11-12](./11.md)). @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jes * __[Matthew 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/24/01.md b/mat/24/01.md index 5883a8d0a7..f63f953f9f 100644 --- a/mat/24/01.md +++ b/mat/24/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to describe events that will happen before he comes again during th # from the temple It is implied that Jesus was not in the temple itself. He was in the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/02.md b/mat/24/02.md index bb760df03c..d2d3492844 100644 --- a/mat/24/02.md +++ b/mat/24/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses a question to make the disciples think deeply about what he will tell # not one stone will be left on another that will not be torn down It is implied that enemy soldiers will tear down the stones. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the enemy soldiers come, they will tear down every stone in these buildings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/03.md b/mat/24/03.md index 5ff21c1e29..cb432f58b6 100644 --- a/mat/24/03.md +++ b/mat/24/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age Here "your coming" refers to when Jesus will come in power, establishing God's reign on earth and bringing this age to an end. Alternate translation: "What will be the sign that you are about to come and that the world is about to end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/04.md b/mat/24/04.md index 071ffed208..0a917d483c 100644 --- a/mat/24/04.md +++ b/mat/24/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Be careful that no one leads you astray Here "leads you astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: "Be careful that no one deceives you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/05.md b/mat/24/05.md index 6528f448ef..20b91aa54f 100644 --- a/mat/24/05.md +++ b/mat/24/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name here is the name of Messiah or Christ, not of Jesus and seems to be a m # will lead many astray Here "leads you astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: "will deceive many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/06.md b/mat/24/06.md index 80c4ec4702..5d820539ab 100644 --- a/mat/24/06.md +++ b/mat/24/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See that you are not troubled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not let these things trouble you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/07.md b/mat/24/07.md index ad2a017801..97e2e00d19 100644 --- a/mat/24/07.md +++ b/mat/24/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom Both of these mean the same thing. Jesus is emphasizing that people everywhere will fight each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/08.md b/mat/24/08.md index b210948bfe..031db11898 100644 --- a/mat/24/08.md +++ b/mat/24/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the beginning of birth pains This refers to the pains a woman feels before giving birth to a child. This metaphor means these wars, famines, and earthquakes are just the beginning of the events that will lead to the end of the age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/09.md b/mat/24/09.md index 98e8b40a15..e25ebb8900 100644 --- a/mat/24/09.md +++ b/mat/24/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "nations" is a metonym, referring to the people of nations. This can be st # for my name's sake Here "name" refers to the complete person. Alternate translation: "because you believe in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/10.md b/mat/24/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/10.md +++ b/mat/24/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/11.md b/mat/24/11.md index 1c223efc32..6956574173 100644 --- a/mat/24/11.md +++ b/mat/24/11.md @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ "Rise" here is an idiom for "become established." Alternate translation: "will come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) -# and lead many astray +# and lead many astray Here "lead ... astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: "and deceive many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/12.md b/mat/24/12.md index c6045024ff..3c5c0c33ed 100644 --- a/mat/24/12.md +++ b/mat/24/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "lawlessness" can be translated with the phrase "disobeying th # the love of many will grow cold Possible meanings are 1) "many people will no longer love other people" or 2) "many people will no longer love God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/13.md b/mat/24/13.md index 4a490f7001..d8f4596b90 100644 --- a/mat/24/13.md +++ b/mat/24/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is not clear whether the word "end" refers to when a person dies or when the # the end "the end of the world" or "the end of the age" - diff --git a/mat/24/14.md b/mat/24/14.md index d8d1ba2e42..540497345a 100644 --- a/mat/24/14.md +++ b/mat/24/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. This can be stated in active form. # all the nations Here, "nations" stands for people. Alternate translation: "all people in all places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/15.md b/mat/24/15.md index 9627de64b5..534e2df503 100644 --- a/mat/24/15.md +++ b/mat/24/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the shameful one who # let the reader understand This is not Jesus speaking. Matthew added this to alert the reader that Jesus was using words that they would need to think about and interpret. - diff --git a/mat/24/16.md b/mat/24/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/16.md +++ b/mat/24/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/17.md b/mat/24/17.md index c543624548..950511f08e 100644 --- a/mat/24/17.md +++ b/mat/24/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let him who is on the housetop Housetops where Jesus lived were flat, and people could stand on them. - diff --git a/mat/24/18.md b/mat/24/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/18.md +++ b/mat/24/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/19.md b/mat/24/19.md index 2dca9355d4..34ae662a13 100644 --- a/mat/24/19.md +++ b/mat/24/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in those days "at that time" - diff --git a/mat/24/20.md b/mat/24/20.md index b7738ff534..f25cb304b4 100644 --- a/mat/24/20.md +++ b/mat/24/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the winter "the cold season" - diff --git a/mat/24/21.md b/mat/24/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/21.md +++ b/mat/24/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/22.md b/mat/24/22.md index a32ec76a40..ce0253022f 100644 --- a/mat/24/22.md +++ b/mat/24/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive and active form. Alternate translation: "If God h # those days will be shortened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will shorten the time of suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/23.md b/mat/24/23.md index 2dbcdf1d87..fa82ea0b84 100644 --- a/mat/24/23.md +++ b/mat/24/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. # do not believe it "do not believe the false thing they have said to you" - diff --git a/mat/24/24.md b/mat/24/24.md index d8101e8901..3bd4107370 100644 --- a/mat/24/24.md +++ b/mat/24/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so as to lead astray, if possible, even the elect Here "lead astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. This can be translated as two sentences. Alternate translation: "so as to deceive, if possible, even the elect" or "so as to deceive people. If possible, they would even deceive the elect" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/25.md b/mat/24/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/25.md +++ b/mat/24/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/26.md b/mat/24/26.md index 0011945de4..4c24255991 100644 --- a/mat/24/26.md +++ b/mat/24/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Or, if some # in the inner rooms "in a secret room" or "in secret places" - diff --git a/mat/24/27.md b/mat/24/27.md index 9a15b9932f..c0ee8f0c8d 100644 --- a/mat/24/27.md +++ b/mat/24/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the Son of Man will come very quickly and will be easy to see. ( # the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/28.md b/mat/24/28.md index c9bcb926b6..6c7bca897e 100644 --- a/mat/24/28.md +++ b/mat/24/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is probably a proverb that the people of Jesus's time understood. Possible # vultures birds that eat the bodies of dead or dying creatures - diff --git a/mat/24/29.md b/mat/24/29.md index 35f8d8a0a8..634cb746cd 100644 --- a/mat/24/29.md +++ b/mat/24/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will make the sun # the powers of the heavens will be shaken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will shake things in the sky and above the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/30.md b/mat/24/30.md index 4b96f8d182..0078c99c5a 100644 --- a/mat/24/30.md +++ b/mat/24/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # all the tribes Here "tribes" refers to people. Alternate translation: "all the people of the tribes" or "all the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/31.md b/mat/24/31.md index 48952a66a7..953b88a8eb 100644 --- a/mat/24/31.md +++ b/mat/24/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the people whom the Son of Man has chosen. # from the four winds, from one end of the sky to the other Both of these mean the same thing. They are idioms that mean "from everywhere." Alternate translation: "from all over the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/32.md b/mat/24/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/32.md +++ b/mat/24/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/33.md b/mat/24/33.md index de5d444601..2f5690d5e4 100644 --- a/mat/24/33.md +++ b/mat/24/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he is near, at the very gates Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person and using the imagery of a king or important official getting close to the gates of a walled city. This metaphor means the time for Jesus to come is soon. Alternate translation: "I am near and will soon appear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/34.md b/mat/24/34.md index 1db40be872..9fa4d8e966 100644 --- a/mat/24/34.md +++ b/mat/24/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible interpretations are 1) "all people alive today," referring to the peopl # until all of these things will have happened "until God causes all these things to happen" - diff --git a/mat/24/35.md b/mat/24/35.md index 7490d0db72..ffd1c9f6cc 100644 --- a/mat/24/35.md +++ b/mat/24/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "heaven" and "earth" are a synecdoche that includes everything that Go # my words will never pass away Here "words" refers to what Jesus has said. Alternate translation: "what I say will always be true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/36.md b/mat/24/36.md index 69ee724443..767b1e0ff5 100644 --- a/mat/24/36.md +++ b/mat/24/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/37.md b/mat/24/37.md index ce82abfca4..abf2eca407 100644 --- a/mat/24/37.md +++ b/mat/24/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so will be the coming of the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "so will it be when I, the Son of Man, come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/38.md b/mat/24/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/38.md +++ b/mat/24/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/39.md b/mat/24/39.md index 38981e188f..ea151689d0 100644 --- a/mat/24/39.md +++ b/mat/24/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # away—so will be the coming of the Son of Man This can be translated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "away. This is how it will be when the Son of Man comes" - diff --git a/mat/24/40.md b/mat/24/40.md index f858a04e3c..a8071a8d3a 100644 --- a/mat/24/40.md +++ b/mat/24/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is when the Son of Man comes. # one will be taken, and one will be left Possible meanings are 1) the Son of Man will take one away to heaven and will leave the other on earth for punishment or 2) the angels will take one away for punishment and leave the other for blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/41.md b/mat/24/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/41.md +++ b/mat/24/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/42.md b/mat/24/42.md index ea9cebf6bc..6fdd681bef 100644 --- a/mat/24/42.md +++ b/mat/24/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # be on your guard "pay attention" - diff --git a/mat/24/43.md b/mat/24/43.md index 3c45970301..01d0e20555 100644 --- a/mat/24/43.md +++ b/mat/24/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus is saying he will come when people are not expecting him, not that he will # would not have allowed his house to be broken into This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "would not have allowed anyone to get into his house to steal things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/44.md b/mat/24/44.md index c318278c51..3fe1cd28fb 100644 --- a/mat/24/44.md +++ b/mat/24/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/45.md b/mat/24/45.md index c5ecce298b..499dbdb353 100644 --- a/mat/24/45.md +++ b/mat/24/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to make his disciples think. Alternate translation: "So # give them their food "give the people in the master's home their food" - diff --git a/mat/24/46.md b/mat/24/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/46.md +++ b/mat/24/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/47.md b/mat/24/47.md index 231d6c5170..bd656b2b1b 100644 --- a/mat/24/47.md +++ b/mat/24/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. - diff --git a/mat/24/48.md b/mat/24/48.md index 028871804f..43c4f54a83 100644 --- a/mat/24/48.md +++ b/mat/24/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to the mind. Alternate translation: "thinks in his mind" (Se # My master has been delayed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My master is slow to return" or "My master will not return for a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/49.md b/mat/24/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/24/49.md +++ b/mat/24/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/24/50.md b/mat/24/50.md index d6e250f940..fdbf0f3628 100644 --- a/mat/24/50.md +++ b/mat/24/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on a day that the servant does not expect and at an hour that he does not know Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize that the master will come when the servant is not expecting him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/51.md b/mat/24/51.md index b3142c7e61..ff8de7e70d 100644 --- a/mat/24/51.md +++ b/mat/24/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that means to make the person suffer terribly. (See: [[rc://en/ # there will be weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" here is a symbolic act, representing extreme suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "people will weep and grind their teeth because of their suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/24/intro.md b/mat/24/intro.md index 1d2dd57868..27127a0139 100644 --- a/mat/24/intro.md +++ b/mat/24/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Matthew 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter, Jesus begins to prophesy about the future from that time until he returns as king of everything. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "The end of the age" +### "The end of the age" In this chapter, Jesus gives an answer to his disciples when they ask how they will know when he will come again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -#### The example of Noah +### The example of Noah In the time of Noah, God sent a great flood to punish people for their sins. He warned them many times about this coming flood, but it actually began suddenly. In this chapter, Jesus draws a comparison between that flood and the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Let" +### "Let" The ULB uses this word to begin several commands of Jesus, such as "let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains" (24:16), "let him who is on the housetop not go down to take anything out of his house" (24:17), and "let him who is in the field not return to take his cloak" (24:18). There are many different ways to form a command. Translators must select the most natural ways in their own languages. Note that this word does not mean "permit." @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The ULB uses this word to begin several commands of Jesus, such as "let those wh * __[Matthew 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/25/01.md b/mat/25/01.md index 216c1aeeba..59a9c81707 100644 --- a/mat/25/01.md +++ b/mat/25/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of he # lamps These could have been 1) lamps or 2) torches made by putting cloth around the end of a stick and wetting the cloth with oil. - diff --git a/mat/25/02.md b/mat/25/02.md index db907bbc25..6021146fcd 100644 --- a/mat/25/02.md +++ b/mat/25/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Five of them "Five of the virgins" - diff --git a/mat/25/03.md b/mat/25/03.md index 1efb25d06e..740da025b5 100644 --- a/mat/25/03.md +++ b/mat/25/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # did not take any oil with them "had with them only the oil in their lamps" - diff --git a/mat/25/04.md b/mat/25/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/25/04.md +++ b/mat/25/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/25/05.md b/mat/25/05.md index 09c65d8f99..cf059dfbed 100644 --- a/mat/25/05.md +++ b/mat/25/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "while the bridegroom # they all got sleepy "all ten virgins got sleepy" - diff --git a/mat/25/06.md b/mat/25/06.md index 3e6ecc2b2d..ff33c3d5b7 100644 --- a/mat/25/06.md +++ b/mat/25/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there was a cry "someone shouted" - diff --git a/mat/25/07.md b/mat/25/07.md index 6281cdc075..881081b7ac 100644 --- a/mat/25/07.md +++ b/mat/25/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) # trimmed their lamps "adjusted their lamps so they would burn brightly" - diff --git a/mat/25/08.md b/mat/25/08.md index 55d11d64f7..150c25ef1f 100644 --- a/mat/25/08.md +++ b/mat/25/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "Th # our lamps are going out This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "the fire in our lamps is about to burn out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/09.md b/mat/25/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/25/09.md +++ b/mat/25/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/25/10.md b/mat/25/10.md index df672648db..29f1dba6b2 100644 --- a/mat/25/10.md +++ b/mat/25/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the virgins who had extra oil. # the door was shut This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the servants shut the door" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/11.md b/mat/25/11.md index e044da898c..2e35cf985c 100644 --- a/mat/25/11.md +++ b/mat/25/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # open for us This implicit information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "open the door for us so we can come inside" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/12.md b/mat/25/12.md index 44cc835aff..7c0039f254 100644 --- a/mat/25/12.md +++ b/mat/25/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus concludes the parable about the ten virgins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # I do not know you "I do not know who you are." This is the end of the parable. - diff --git a/mat/25/13.md b/mat/25/13.md index 75496c8053..f30806a1c0 100644 --- a/mat/25/13.md +++ b/mat/25/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you do not know the day or the hour Here "day" and "hour" refer to an exact time. The implied information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "you do not know the exact time when the Son of Man will return" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/14.md b/mat/25/14.md index db7452ed77..ef34c2b5e3 100644 --- a/mat/25/14.md +++ b/mat/25/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "it" here refers to the kingdom of heaven ([Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md) # his possessions "what he owned" - diff --git a/mat/25/15.md b/mat/25/15.md index dea2c00b75..e260d012fc 100644 --- a/mat/25/15.md +++ b/mat/25/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "talents" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation # according to his own ability The implicit information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "according to each servant's skill in managing wealth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/16.md b/mat/25/16.md index f36a682740..602cc35dde 100644 --- a/mat/25/16.md +++ b/mat/25/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # gained another five talents "out of his investments he earned another five talents" - diff --git a/mat/25/17.md b/mat/25/17.md index ba53921a48..45eea40e3d 100644 --- a/mat/25/17.md +++ b/mat/25/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc # gained another two "earned another two talents" - diff --git a/mat/25/18.md b/mat/25/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/25/18.md +++ b/mat/25/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/25/19.md b/mat/25/19.md index e8a2b5e21c..c47fd8b3f3 100644 --- a/mat/25/19.md +++ b/mat/25/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues telling the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[ # Now This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. - diff --git a/mat/25/20.md b/mat/25/20.md index d812865e26..ef03491942 100644 --- a/mat/25/20.md +++ b/mat/25/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # talents A "talent" was worth twenty years' wages. Avoid translating this into modern money. See how you translated this in [Matthew 25:15](../25/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/21.md b/mat/25/21.md index c8e4e167b9..7ade4b7bd6 100644 --- a/mat/25/21.md +++ b/mat/25/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Enter into the joy of your master The phrase "Enter into the joy" is an idiom. Also, the master is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "Come and be happy with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/22.md b/mat/25/22.md index f64281c1da..dadccc5ecf 100644 --- a/mat/25/22.md +++ b/mat/25/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues telling the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[ # I have gained two more talents "I have earned two more talents" - diff --git a/mat/25/23.md b/mat/25/23.md index 793d78094f..98ba7ce46d 100644 --- a/mat/25/23.md +++ b/mat/25/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Enter into the joy of your master The phrase "Enter into the joy" is an idiom. Also, the master is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "Come and be happy with me" See how you translated this in [Matthew 25:21](../25/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/24.md b/mat/25/24.md index 8c80d184f3..e759d8a82a 100644 --- a/mat/25/24.md +++ b/mat/25/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "reap where you did not sow" and "harvest where you did not scatter" m # scatter "scatter seed." This refers to sowing seed by gently throwing handfuls of it onto the soil. - diff --git a/mat/25/25.md b/mat/25/25.md index f057d4563c..6a8ca2d510 100644 --- a/mat/25/25.md +++ b/mat/25/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See, you have here what belongs to you "Look, here is what is yours" - diff --git a/mat/25/26.md b/mat/25/26.md index 14c29daa15..2e1852d489 100644 --- a/mat/25/26.md +++ b/mat/25/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues telling a parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc # I reap where I have not sowed and harvest where I have not scattered The words "reap where I have not sowed" and "harvest where I have not scattered" mean the same thing. They refer to a farmer who gathers crops that people who work for him have planted. See how you translated this in [Matthew 25:24](../25/24.md), where the servant uses these words to accuse the farmer. The readers should understand that the farmer is acknowledging that he does indeed gather what others have planted but is saying that he is right to do so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/27.md b/mat/25/27.md index 88ed2d54cd..647eb0df62 100644 --- a/mat/25/27.md +++ b/mat/25/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "receiv # interest payment from the banker for the temporary use of the master's money - diff --git a/mat/25/28.md b/mat/25/28.md index afc337f725..eb2801be82 100644 --- a/mat/25/28.md +++ b/mat/25/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The master is speaking to other servants. # talent A "talent" was worth twenty years' wages. Avoid translating this into modern money. See how you translated this in [Matthew 25:15](../25/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/29.md b/mat/25/29.md index 9f92888ecf..d9041699fb 100644 --- a/mat/25/29.md +++ b/mat/25/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that the person does possess something but he does not use it wise # will be taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will take away" or "I will take away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/30.md b/mat/25/30.md index e35e73836c..e5d5cfe89e 100644 --- a/mat/25/30.md +++ b/mat/25/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "outer darkness" is a metonym for the place where God sends those who rejec # weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" is symbolic action, representing extreme sadness and suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "weeping and expressing their extreme suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/31.md b/mat/25/31.md index ba7ffbca29..7b3044168a 100644 --- a/mat/25/31.md +++ b/mat/25/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to tell his disciples how he will judge people when he returns at t # the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/32.md b/mat/25/32.md index b6f13a3f30..79852ea959 100644 --- a/mat/25/32.md +++ b/mat/25/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "nations" refers to people. Alternate translation: "all people from every c # as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats Jesus uses a simile to describe how he will separate the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/33.md b/mat/25/33.md index f78381a713..abdb3e9bab 100644 --- a/mat/25/33.md +++ b/mat/25/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will place the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on his left This is a metaphor that means the Son of Man will separate all people. He will put the righteous people at his right side, and he will put the sinners at his left side. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/34.md b/mat/25/34.md index 7d5ce0249f..f009c3bd02 100644 --- a/mat/25/34.md +++ b/mat/25/34.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "receive the # from the foundation of the world The author speaks of the world as if it were a building set on a foundation. Alternate translation: "since he first created the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/35.md b/mat/25/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/25/35.md +++ b/mat/25/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/25/36.md b/mat/25/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/25/36.md +++ b/mat/25/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/25/37.md b/mat/25/37.md index 299c624e10..4f9dbe4cc0 100644 --- a/mat/25/37.md +++ b/mat/25/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "the righteous people # Or thirsty The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Or when did we see you thirsty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/38.md b/mat/25/38.md index e21d3ff56e..aef6876d15 100644 --- a/mat/25/38.md +++ b/mat/25/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Or naked This is the end of a series of questions that begins in verse 37. The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Or when did we see you naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/39.md b/mat/25/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/25/39.md +++ b/mat/25/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/25/40.md b/mat/25/40.md index f8aafe2c8d..4ad6b8b3cb 100644 --- a/mat/25/40.md +++ b/mat/25/40.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "brothers" refers to anyone, male or female, who obeys the King. Alternate # you did it for me "I consider that you did it for me" - diff --git a/mat/25/41.md b/mat/25/41.md index 1b459bc021..e8d2dbeed7 100644 --- a/mat/25/41.md +++ b/mat/25/41.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the eternal fire that # his angels the devil's helpers - diff --git a/mat/25/42.md b/mat/25/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/25/42.md +++ b/mat/25/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/25/43.md b/mat/25/43.md index ccdc5f6f32..70a8ea5bcc 100644 --- a/mat/25/43.md +++ b/mat/25/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "I was" preceding "naked" are understood. Alternate translation: "I wa # sick and in prison The words "I was" preceding "sick" are understood. Alternate translation: "I was sick and in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/44.md b/mat/25/44.md index d106e6f409..1754b7f1e7 100644 --- a/mat/25/44.md +++ b/mat/25/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus finishes telling his disciples how he will judge people when he returns at # they will also answer "those on his left will also answer" - diff --git a/mat/25/45.md b/mat/25/45.md index dbd514c9b2..1812d853f7 100644 --- a/mat/25/45.md +++ b/mat/25/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you did not do for me "I consider that you did not do it for me" or "I was really the one whom you did not help" - diff --git a/mat/25/46.md b/mat/25/46.md index bb1a564138..e466a526c9 100644 --- a/mat/25/46.md +++ b/mat/25/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The understood information can be made clear. Alternate translation: "but the Ki # the righteous This nominative adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mat/25/intro.md b/mat/25/intro.md index df6021853c..2ecf045a3e 100644 --- a/mat/25/intro.md +++ b/mat/25/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Matthew 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues the teaching of the previous chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The parable of the ten virgins +### The parable of the ten virgins Jesus told the parable of the ten virgins ([Matthew 25:1-13](./01.md)) to tell his followers to be ready for him to return. His hearers could understand the parable because they knew Jewish wedding customs. @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ When the Jews arranged marriages, they would plan for the wedding to take place * __[Matthew 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/26/01.md b/mat/26/01.md index c4507e8cbf..b6ed835ca3 100644 --- a/mat/26/01.md +++ b/mat/26/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the beginning of a new part of the story that tells of Jesus's crucifixi # all these words This refers to all that Jesus taught starting in [Matthew 24:3](../24/03.md). - diff --git a/mat/26/02.md b/mat/26/02.md index 1a18eebd9a..bb27b7a954 100644 --- a/mat/26/02.md +++ b/mat/26/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "some men will give th # the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/03.md b/mat/26/03.md index 0ff13824b6..5ff09e0197 100644 --- a/mat/26/03.md +++ b/mat/26/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses give background information about the Jewish leaders' plot to arres # were gathered together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "came together" or "met together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/04.md b/mat/26/04.md index f0c34f862b..48bc2ba5b8 100644 --- a/mat/26/04.md +++ b/mat/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus stealthily "Jesus secretly" - diff --git a/mat/26/05.md b/mat/26/05.md index 9d62921f6c..c414bfec21 100644 --- a/mat/26/05.md +++ b/mat/26/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What the leaders did not want to do during the festival can be made clearer. Alt # the festival This is the yearly Passover festival. - diff --git a/mat/26/06.md b/mat/26/06.md index f57804fffb..800b013aaf 100644 --- a/mat/26/06.md +++ b/mat/26/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. # Simon the leper It is implied that this is a man whom Jesus had healed from leprosy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/07.md b/mat/26/07.md index 25439b5917..fb5ed9cada 100644 --- a/mat/26/07.md +++ b/mat/26/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ oil that has a pleasing smell # she poured it upon his head The woman did this to honor Jesus. - diff --git a/mat/26/08.md b/mat/26/08.md index 16c6760c8c..947cbde942 100644 --- a/mat/26/08.md +++ b/mat/26/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What is the reason for this waste? The disciples ask this question out of their anger over the woman's actions. Alternate translation: "This woman has done a bad thing by wasting this ointment!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/09.md b/mat/26/09.md index 07b7119a73..ad599d1549 100644 --- a/mat/26/09.md +++ b/mat/26/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "She could have sold t # to the poor Here "the poor" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "to poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/10.md b/mat/26/10.md index 755e96c16a..1152f01cfe 100644 --- a/mat/26/10.md +++ b/mat/26/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus asks this question as a rebuke of his disciples. Alternate translation: "Y # Why are you All occurrences of "you" are plural and refer to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/11.md b/mat/26/11.md index 53a4c922ff..4586225630 100644 --- a/mat/26/11.md +++ b/mat/26/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the poor This can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/12.md b/mat/26/12.md index f5f7c008b0..e2b8a4230c 100644 --- a/mat/26/12.md +++ b/mat/26/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ointment This is oil that has a pleasing smell. See how you translated this in [Matthew 26:7](../26/07.md). - diff --git a/mat/26/13.md b/mat/26/13.md index 73e00eb901..918d18aabe 100644 --- a/mat/26/13.md +++ b/mat/26/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "wherever people preac # what this woman has done will also be spoken of in memory of her This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will remember what this woman has done and will tell others about her" or "people will remember what this woman has done and will tell others about her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/14.md b/mat/26/14.md index 0b3495c7ec..c85c3701af 100644 --- a/mat/26/14.md +++ b/mat/26/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Judas Iscariot agrees to help the Jewish leaders arrest and kill Jesus. - diff --git a/mat/26/15.md b/mat/26/15.md index cc649a2053..76fd82f374 100644 --- a/mat/26/15.md +++ b/mat/26/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since these words are the same as those in an Old Testament prophecy, keep this # thirty pieces "30 pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/16.md b/mat/26/16.md index f9f1d473a3..9790ba9c04 100644 --- a/mat/26/16.md +++ b/mat/26/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to turn him over to them "to enable them to seize him" - diff --git a/mat/26/17.md b/mat/26/17.md index 201cafc576..58e9913dfa 100644 --- a/mat/26/17.md +++ b/mat/26/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins the account of Jesus celebrating the Passover with his disciples. # Now This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. - diff --git a/mat/26/18.md b/mat/26/18.md index be8fc2efbc..5a939abf6a 100644 --- a/mat/26/18.md +++ b/mat/26/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "is near" or 2) "has come." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # keep the Passover "eat the Passover meal" or "celebrate the Passover by eating the special meal" - diff --git a/mat/26/19.md b/mat/26/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/26/19.md +++ b/mat/26/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/26/20.md b/mat/26/20.md index 4722f3ec0d..4664515846 100644 --- a/mat/26/20.md +++ b/mat/26/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he sat down to eat Use the word for the position people in your culture usually are in when they eat. - diff --git a/mat/26/21.md b/mat/26/21.md index 231d6c5170..bd656b2b1b 100644 --- a/mat/26/21.md +++ b/mat/26/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. - diff --git a/mat/26/22.md b/mat/26/22.md index 3c80c3de11..0e8a005a6f 100644 --- a/mat/26/22.md +++ b/mat/26/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Surely not I, Lord? "I am surely not the one, am I, Lord?" Possible meanings are 1) this is a rhetorical question since the apostles were sure they would not betray Jesus. Alternate translation: "Lord, I would never betray you!" or 2) this was a sincere question since Jesus's statement probably troubled and confused them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/23.md b/mat/26/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/26/23.md +++ b/mat/26/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/26/24.md b/mat/26/24.md index 5204bfe284..4fde4f6a85 100644 --- a/mat/26/24.md +++ b/mat/26/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "just as the prophets # that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the man who betrays the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/25.md b/mat/26/25.md index 6fdb0be970..97e7c3280b 100644 --- a/mat/26/25.md +++ b/mat/26/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # You have said it yourself This is an idiom that Jesus uses to mean "yes" without being completely clear about what he means. Alternate translation: "You are saying it" or "You are admitting it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/26.md b/mat/26/26.md index f9df0b00bc..b2cb230dd3 100644 --- a/mat/26/26.md +++ b/mat/26/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus institutes the Lord's Supper as he celebrates the Passover with his discip # took ... blessed ... broke See how you translated these words in [Matthew 14:19](../14/19.md). - diff --git a/mat/26/27.md b/mat/26/27.md index a2e3ccd721..acd7385121 100644 --- a/mat/26/27.md +++ b/mat/26/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "cup" refers to the cup and the wine in it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # Drink it "Drink the wine from this cup" - diff --git a/mat/26/28.md b/mat/26/28.md index 89ef25d794..ee361590a3 100644 --- a/mat/26/28.md +++ b/mat/26/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # is poured out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will soon flow out of my body" or "will flow out of my wounds when I die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/29.md b/mat/26/29.md index 98f475af8f..7a37121f24 100644 --- a/mat/26/29.md +++ b/mat/26/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "when my Fat # my Father's Father is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/30.md b/mat/26/30.md index 5feaf3ac89..bda727afad 100644 --- a/mat/26/30.md +++ b/mat/26/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues to teach his disciples as they walk to the Mount of Olives. # hymn a song of praise to God - diff --git a/mat/26/31.md b/mat/26/31.md index c37507bdcb..ab9e10b330 100644 --- a/mat/26/31.md +++ b/mat/26/31.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are metaphors that refer to Jesus and the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # the sheep of the flock will be scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will scatter all the sheep of the flock" or "the sheep of the flock will run off in all directions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/32.md b/mat/26/32.md index bb87b6d6b8..8823626af2 100644 --- a/mat/26/32.md +++ b/mat/26/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # after I am raised up Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after God raises me up" or "after God brings me back to life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/33.md b/mat/26/33.md index 77391e6e15..61c033a700 100644 --- a/mat/26/33.md +++ b/mat/26/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # fall away See how you translated this in [Matthew 26:31](../26/31.md). - diff --git a/mat/26/34.md b/mat/26/34.md index 4a0ef0ad32..3c39cbc855 100644 --- a/mat/26/34.md +++ b/mat/26/34.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the common English word for what a rooster does to make his loud call. # you will deny me three times "you will say three times that you are not my follower" - diff --git a/mat/26/35.md b/mat/26/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/26/35.md +++ b/mat/26/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/26/36.md b/mat/26/36.md index 7e3c9f9974..828a60aa81 100644 --- a/mat/26/36.md +++ b/mat/26/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus praying in Gethsemane. - diff --git a/mat/26/37.md b/mat/26/37.md index f050e06352..18c8d87925 100644 --- a/mat/26/37.md +++ b/mat/26/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # began to become sorrowful "he became very sad" - diff --git a/mat/26/38.md b/mat/26/38.md index d55581eeee..83ba519577 100644 --- a/mat/26/38.md +++ b/mat/26/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "soul" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "I am very sad" ( # even to death This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "and I feel as if I could even die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/39.md b/mat/26/39.md index f2e492709d..fac6246a9c 100644 --- a/mat/26/39.md +++ b/mat/26/39.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "cup" is a metonym that stands for the cup and the contents within it. The # Yet, not as I will, but as you will This can be expressed as a full sentence. Alternate translation: "But do not do what I want; instead, do what you want" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/40.md b/mat/26/40.md index c6f19fe65f..692f2bc730 100644 --- a/mat/26/40.md +++ b/mat/26/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is speaking to Peter, but the "you" is plural, referring to Peter, James, # What, could you not watch with me for one hour? Jesus uses a question to scold Peter, James, and John. Alternate translation: "I am disappointed that you could not stay awake with me for one hour!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/41.md b/mat/26/41.md index 202c29b240..6eca8c0707 100644 --- a/mat/26/41.md +++ b/mat/26/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the abstract noun "temptation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translati # The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak Here "spirit" is a metonym that stands for a person's desires to do good. "Flesh" stands for the needs and desires of a person's body. Jesus means that the disciples may have the desire to do what God wants, but as humans they are weak and often fail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/42.md b/mat/26/42.md index acc44f7365..6516e8ea65 100644 --- a/mat/26/42.md +++ b/mat/26/42.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "this" refers to the cup and the contents within it, a metaphor for sufferi # your will be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may what you want happen" or "do what you want to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/43.md b/mat/26/43.md index e842017593..658ce570b5 100644 --- a/mat/26/43.md +++ b/mat/26/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their eyes were heavy This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "they were very sleepy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/44.md b/mat/26/44.md index f5748aabf3..57f03d9d29 100644 --- a/mat/26/44.md +++ b/mat/26/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # third time The first time is described in [Matthew 26:39](./39.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/45.md b/mat/26/45.md index 06db3e46fb..511f415367 100644 --- a/mat/26/45.md +++ b/mat/26/45.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "hands" refers to power or control. Alternate translation: "betrayed into t # Look "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" - diff --git a/mat/26/46.md b/mat/26/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/26/46.md +++ b/mat/26/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/26/47.md b/mat/26/47.md index 719679aa44..95b343229b 100644 --- a/mat/26/47.md +++ b/mat/26/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This begins the account of when Judas betrayed Jesus and the religious leaders a # clubs large pieces of hard wood for hitting people - diff --git a/mat/26/48.md b/mat/26/48.md index 74ec1489fb..e2426e489d 100644 --- a/mat/26/48.md +++ b/mat/26/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translat # kiss This was a respectful way to greet one's teacher. - diff --git a/mat/26/49.md b/mat/26/49.md index 4347efadd6..2a18b9ae17 100644 --- a/mat/26/49.md +++ b/mat/26/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # kissed him "met him with a kiss." Good friends would kiss each other on the cheek, but a disciple would probably kiss his master on the hand to show respect. No one knows for sure how Judas kissed Jesus. - diff --git a/mat/26/50.md b/mat/26/50.md index 40c2c19d59..5c15048806 100644 --- a/mat/26/50.md +++ b/mat/26/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "they" refers to the people with clubs and swords that came with Judas and # laid hands on Jesus, and seized him "grabbed Jesus, and arrested him" - diff --git a/mat/26/51.md b/mat/26/51.md index 999d1a1106..0408f2507f 100644 --- a/mat/26/51.md +++ b/mat/26/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Behold The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. - diff --git a/mat/26/52.md b/mat/26/52.md index 2dffdad99e..b7b524dc06 100644 --- a/mat/26/52.md +++ b/mat/26/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "sword" is a metonym for the act of killing someone with a sword. The i # sword will perish by the sword "sword will die by means of the sword" or "sword—it is with the sword that someone will kill them" - diff --git a/mat/26/53.md b/mat/26/53.md index 508440a18f..3255eb1c90 100644 --- a/mat/26/53.md +++ b/mat/26/53.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God a # more than twelve legions of angels The word "legion" is a military term that refers to a group of about 6,000 soldiers. Jesus means God would send enough angels to easily stop those who are arresting Jesus. The exact number of angels is not important. Alternate translation: "more than 12 really large groups of angels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/54.md b/mat/26/54.md index c209ae5187..3de68f8bbf 100644 --- a/mat/26/54.md +++ b/mat/26/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But how then would the scriptures be fulfilled, that this must happen? Jesus uses a question to explain why he is letting these people arrest him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But if I did that, I would not be able to fulfill what God said in the scriptures must happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/55.md b/mat/26/55.md index a511b52424..5e34b46d3c 100644 --- a/mat/26/55.md +++ b/mat/26/55.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ large pieces of hard wood for hitting people # in the temple It is implied that Jesus was not in the actual temple. He was in the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/56.md b/mat/26/56.md index 8ab572a194..b8766b788b 100644 --- a/mat/26/56.md +++ b/mat/26/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I would fulfill all t # abandoned him "left him." If your language has a word that means they left him when they should have stayed with him, use it here. - diff --git a/mat/26/57.md b/mat/26/57.md index 79ef3c212a..168a635bf9 100644 --- a/mat/26/57.md +++ b/mat/26/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus's trial before the council of Jewish religious leaders. - diff --git a/mat/26/58.md b/mat/26/58.md index 102d10ba72..b413c51fbc 100644 --- a/mat/26/58.md +++ b/mat/26/58.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ an open area near the high priest's house # the officers These were probably the servants of the "scribes and elders" ([Matthew 26:57](../26/57.md)). - diff --git a/mat/26/59.md b/mat/26/59.md index 28c178c27e..47d255455b 100644 --- a/mat/26/59.md +++ b/mat/26/59.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "they" refers to the chief priests and the members of the council. # might put him to death "might have a reason to execute him" - diff --git a/mat/26/60.md b/mat/26/60.md index 34d750167b..82047bfbcd 100644 --- a/mat/26/60.md +++ b/mat/26/60.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # two came forward "two men came forward" or "two witnesses came forward" - diff --git a/mat/26/61.md b/mat/26/61.md index b96a9bee8a..08c484b4e0 100644 --- a/mat/26/61.md +++ b/mat/26/61.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If your language does not allow quotes within quotes you can rewrite it as a sin # in three days "within three days," before the sun goes down three times, not "after three days," after the sun has gone down the third time - diff --git a/mat/26/62.md b/mat/26/62.md index 8478b25995..5c59ac1d03 100644 --- a/mat/26/62.md +++ b/mat/26/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What is it that they are testifying against you? The chief priest is not asking Jesus for information about what the witnesses said. He is asking Jesus to prove what the witnesses said is wrong. Alternate translation: "What is your response to what the witnesses are testifying against you?" - diff --git a/mat/26/63.md b/mat/26/63.md index d1e7504430..487d1f661e 100644 --- a/mat/26/63.md +++ b/mat/26/63.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an important title that describes the relationship between the Christ an # the living God Here "living" contrasts the God of Israel to all the false gods and idols that people worshiped. Only the God of Israel is alive and has power to act. See how you translated this in [Matthew 16:16](../16/16.md). - diff --git a/mat/26/64.md b/mat/26/64.md index b1d715e8da..293fc334ab 100644 --- a/mat/26/64.md +++ b/mat/26/64.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "Power" is metonym that represents God. To sit at the "right hand of God" i # coming on the clouds of heaven "riding to earth on the clouds of heaven" - diff --git a/mat/26/65.md b/mat/26/65.md index f7fe83494a..b5b9525605 100644 --- a/mat/26/65.md +++ b/mat/26/65.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The high priest uses this question to emphasize that he and the members of the c # now you have heard Here "you" is plural and refers to the members of the council. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/66.md b/mat/26/66.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/26/66.md +++ b/mat/26/66.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/26/67.md b/mat/26/67.md index 02ba1a4719..60a4c71f20 100644 --- a/mat/26/67.md +++ b/mat/26/67.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was done as an insult. # slapped him hit him in the face with the palms of their hands - diff --git a/mat/26/68.md b/mat/26/68.md index 2102144a81..e73b43225f 100644 --- a/mat/26/68.md +++ b/mat/26/68.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Prophesy to us" means to tell by means of God's power. It does not mean to # you Christ Those hitting Jesus do not really think he is the Christ. They call him this to mock him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/69.md b/mat/26/69.md index 4145e45bac..1536bf3ab9 100644 --- a/mat/26/69.md +++ b/mat/26/69.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This begins the account of how Peter denies three times that he knows Jesus, as # Now This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. - diff --git a/mat/26/70.md b/mat/26/70.md index 8bd742ea6a..43ea47ee49 100644 --- a/mat/26/70.md +++ b/mat/26/70.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I do not know what you are talking about Peter was able to understand what the servant girl was saying. He used these words to deny that he had been with Jesus. - diff --git a/mat/26/71.md b/mat/26/71.md index afbe46dfd4..0d6eb90bb6 100644 --- a/mat/26/71.md +++ b/mat/26/71.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ opening in the wall around a courtyard # said to those there "said to the people who were sitting there" - diff --git a/mat/26/72.md b/mat/26/72.md index 9237dbe712..c0d4ed3850 100644 --- a/mat/26/72.md +++ b/mat/26/72.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He again denied it with an oath "He denied it again by swearing" - diff --git a/mat/26/73.md b/mat/26/73.md index 6bf35fd581..e67647f981 100644 --- a/mat/26/73.md +++ b/mat/26/73.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # one of them, for the way you speak gives you away This can be translated with a new sentence. "one of them. We can tell you are from Galilee because you speak like a Galilean" - diff --git a/mat/26/74.md b/mat/26/74.md index 7d4c174808..881207ec1e 100644 --- a/mat/26/74.md +++ b/mat/26/74.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # rooster crowed A rooster is a bird that calls out loudly around the time the sun comes up. A rooster that has called out is said to have "crowed." See how you translated this in [Matthew 26:34](../26/34.md). - diff --git a/mat/26/75.md b/mat/26/75.md index 5bdb09957c..e87f6c1c54 100644 --- a/mat/26/75.md +++ b/mat/26/75.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Peter remembered the words that Jesus had said, "Before the rooster crows you will deny me three times." This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Peter remembered that Jesus told him that before the rooster crowed, he would deny Jesus three times." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/mat/26/intro.md b/mat/26/intro.md index 8a2be5c0fb..451170dd12 100644 --- a/mat/26/intro.md +++ b/mat/26/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,31 @@ # Matthew 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 26:31, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sheep -#### Sheep Sheep are a common image used in Scripture to refer to the people of Israel. In [Matthew 26:31](../../mat/26/31.md), however, Jesus used the words "the sheep" to refer to his disciples and to say that they would run away when he was arrested. -#### Passover +### Passover + The Passover festival was when the Jews would celebrate the day God killed the firstborn sons of the Egyptians but "passed over" the Israelites and let them live. -#### The eating of the body and blood +### The eating of the body and blood + [Matthew 26:26-28](./26.md) describes Jesus's last meal with his followers. At this time, Jesus told them that what they were eating and drinking were his body and his blood. Nearly all Christian churches celebrate "the Lord's Supper," the "Eucharist", or "Holy Communion" to remember this meal. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Judas's kiss for Jesus -#### Judas's kiss for Jesus [Matthew 26:49](../../mat/26/49.md) describes how Judas kissed Jesus so the soldiers would know whom to arrest. The Jews would kiss each other when they greeted each other. -#### "I am able to destroy the temple of God" +### "I am able to destroy the temple of God" + Two men accused Jesus of saying that he could destroy the temple in Jerusalem and then rebuild it "in three days" ([Matthew 26:61](../../mat/26/61.md)). They were accusing him of insulting God by claiming that God had given him the authority to destroy the temple and the power to rebuild it. What Jesus actually said was that if the Jewish authorities were to destroy this temple, he would certainly raise it up in three days ([John 2:19](../../jhn/02/19.md)). ## Links: @@ -28,4 +33,3 @@ Two men accused Jesus of saying that he could destroy the temple in Jerusalem an * __[Matthew 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/27/01.md b/mat/27/01.md index 7f9c69097f..0cb046cf0e 100644 --- a/mat/27/01.md +++ b/mat/27/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. # plotted against Jesus to put him to death The Jewish leaders were planning how they could convince the Roman leaders to kill Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/02.md b/mat/27/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/27/02.md +++ b/mat/27/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/27/03.md b/mat/27/03.md index 9288527aa8..eeb47656af 100644 --- a/mat/27/03.md +++ b/mat/27/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the Jewish leade # the thirty pieces of silver This was the money that the chief priests had given Judas to betray Jesus. See how you translated it in [Matthew 26:15](../26/15.md). - diff --git a/mat/27/04.md b/mat/27/04.md index 66bafb760e..3cd27c4e75 100644 --- a/mat/27/04.md +++ b/mat/27/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to the death of an innocent person. Alternate trans # What is that to us? The Jewish leaders use this question to emphasize that they do not care about what Judas said. Alternate translation: "That is not our problem!" or "That is your problem!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/05.md b/mat/27/05.md index 9d19895559..4e291c6e15 100644 --- a/mat/27/05.md +++ b/mat/27/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # threw down the pieces of silver in the temple Possible meanings are 1) he threw the pieces of silver while in the temple courtyard, or 2) he was standing in the temple courtyard, and he threw the pieces of silver into the temple. - diff --git a/mat/27/06.md b/mat/27/06.md index 17faec9642..583d440b05 100644 --- a/mat/27/06.md +++ b/mat/27/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the place they kept the money they used to provide for things needed for # price of blood This is an idiom that means money paid to a person who helped kill someone. Alternate translation: "money paid for a man to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/07.md b/mat/27/07.md index 855f7d39f2..27eb435dd7 100644 --- a/mat/27/07.md +++ b/mat/27/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # potter's field This was a field that was bought to bury strangers who died in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/mat/27/08.md b/mat/27/08.md index 3364b5bf12..6e24d83b61 100644 --- a/mat/27/08.md +++ b/mat/27/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people call that fiel # to this day This means to the time that Matthew is writing this book. - diff --git a/mat/27/09.md b/mat/27/09.md index b440777a48..94dc4301d0 100644 --- a/mat/27/09.md +++ b/mat/27/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the price the sons of # the sons of Israel This refers to those among the people of Israel who paid to kill Jesus and speaks of them as though they were doing what all the people of Israel wanted them to do. Alternate translation: "some of the descendants of Israel" or "the leaders of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/10.md b/mat/27/10.md index 33e0fe10ef..4afe48c589 100644 --- a/mat/27/10.md +++ b/mat/27/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # directed me Here "me" refers to Jeremiah. - diff --git a/mat/27/11.md b/mat/27/11.md index 867a37800d..2beb46c335 100644 --- a/mat/27/11.md +++ b/mat/27/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "Now" is used here to mark a return to the main events of the story. # You say so Possible meanings are 1) by saying this, Jesus implied that he is the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: "Yes, as you said, I am" or "Yes. It is as you said" or 2) by saying this, Jesus was saying that Pilate, not Jesus, was the one calling him the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: "You yourself have said so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/12.md b/mat/27/12.md index d7c96ec1f1..67a5cd30fb 100644 --- a/mat/27/12.md +++ b/mat/27/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But when he was accused by the chief priests and elders This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But when the chief priests and elders accused him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/13.md b/mat/27/13.md index ebe469b21f..0392f763fa 100644 --- a/mat/27/13.md +++ b/mat/27/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Pilate asks this question because he is surprised that Jesus remains silent. Alt # how many things they accuse you of "how many things they testify against you about" - diff --git a/mat/27/14.md b/mat/27/14.md index b1b48950f6..366d6e393b 100644 --- a/mat/27/14.md +++ b/mat/27/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # did not answer even one word, so that the governor was greatly amazed "did not say even one word; this greatly amazed the governor." This is an emphatic way of saying that Jesus was completely silent. - diff --git a/mat/27/15.md b/mat/27/15.md index 3d3584859a..ffaad61a54 100644 --- a/mat/27/15.md +++ b/mat/27/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the Passover celebration. # prisoner chosen by the crowd This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "prisoner whom the crowd would choose" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/16.md b/mat/27/16.md index 0e90843b0e..c48459fd17 100644 --- a/mat/27/16.md +++ b/mat/27/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # notorious well known for doing something bad - diff --git a/mat/27/17.md b/mat/27/17.md index ee9d2f9438..ec8428f263 100644 --- a/mat/27/17.md +++ b/mat/27/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the crowd gathered" ( # Jesus who is called Christ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom some people call the Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/18.md b/mat/27/18.md index 29c7767b91..58091f0cb5 100644 --- a/mat/27/18.md +++ b/mat/27/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they had handed Jesus over to him "the Jewish leaders had brought Jesus to him." They had done this so that Pilate would judge Jesus. - diff --git a/mat/27/19.md b/mat/27/19.md index 518af7672f..3f31a8bc20 100644 --- a/mat/27/19.md +++ b/mat/27/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # I have suffered much today "I have been very upset today" - diff --git a/mat/27/20.md b/mat/27/20.md index 646b47a5ac..12224cf83b 100644 --- a/mat/27/20.md +++ b/mat/27/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Now" is used to mark a pause in the story. Matthew tells background inform # they should ask for Barabbas and destroy Jesus The phrase "ask for Barabbas" is an ellipsis for "ask Pilate to release Barabbas." The phrase "destroy Jesus" here is a euphemism for "kill Jesus," and because the people in the crowd would not kill Jesus themselves, it is a metonym or ellipsis for the crowd telling Pilate to have his soldiers kill Jesus. Alternate translation: "they should ask Pilate to release Jesus and tell him to have his soldiers kill Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/21.md b/mat/27/21.md index 44c6c77dab..a6b2fd2aa3 100644 --- a/mat/27/21.md +++ b/mat/27/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # asked them "asked the crowd" - diff --git a/mat/27/22.md b/mat/27/22.md index 5953c538db..80f67e45af 100644 --- a/mat/27/22.md +++ b/mat/27/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who is called Christ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom some people call the Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/23.md b/mat/27/23.md index 7c752efc8e..81112ada6a 100644 --- a/mat/27/23.md +++ b/mat/27/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they cried out "the crowd cried out" - diff --git a/mat/27/24.md b/mat/27/24.md index f02583db5d..4d3029c9ba 100644 --- a/mat/27/24.md +++ b/mat/27/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "blood" refers to a person's death. Alternate translation: "the death" (See # You see to it This is an idiom that means "This is your responsibility." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/25.md b/mat/27/25.md index e71f863562..9139ba8970 100644 --- a/mat/27/25.md +++ b/mat/27/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May his blood be on us and our children Here "blood" is a metonym that stands for a person's death. The phrase "be on us and our children" is an idiom that means they accept the responsibility of what is happening. Alternate translation: "Yes! We and our descendants will be responsible for executing him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/26.md b/mat/27/26.md index f346e778f7..eb974519c9 100644 --- a/mat/27/26.md +++ b/mat/27/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that Pilate ordered his soldiers to scourge Jesus. Handing Jesus o # scourged Jesus "beat Jesus with a whip" or "whipped Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/27/27.md b/mat/27/27.md index 6af9755746..dacb94d570 100644 --- a/mat/27/27.md +++ b/mat/27/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins the account of Jesus's crucifixion and death. # company of soldiers "group of soldiers" - diff --git a/mat/27/28.md b/mat/27/28.md index 36485d5c36..77c7dbaca5 100644 --- a/mat/27/28.md +++ b/mat/27/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # scarlet bright red - diff --git a/mat/27/29.md b/mat/27/29.md index 39b4ef2b7b..6af51e363a 100644 --- a/mat/27/29.md +++ b/mat/27/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They were saying this to mock Jesus. They were calling Jesus "King of the Jews," # Hail "We honor you" or "May you live a long time" - diff --git a/mat/27/30.md b/mat/27/30.md index 143e85bde3..20abfd1eea 100644 --- a/mat/27/30.md +++ b/mat/27/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They spat on him The past tense of the verb "spit" can be either "spit" or "spat." - diff --git a/mat/27/31.md b/mat/27/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/27/31.md +++ b/mat/27/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/27/32.md b/mat/27/32.md index 8a4433ea85..e4d43e9822 100644 --- a/mat/27/32.md +++ b/mat/27/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means Jesus and the soldiers came out of the city. Alternate translation: " # whom they forced to go with them so that he might carry his cross "whom the soldiers forced to go with them so that he could carry Jesus's cross" - diff --git a/mat/27/33.md b/mat/27/33.md index 8ef4aead3d..897d880199 100644 --- a/mat/27/33.md +++ b/mat/27/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # place called Golgotha This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "place that people called Golgotha" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/34.md b/mat/27/34.md index 41c8ab6665..c336264e18 100644 --- a/mat/27/34.md +++ b/mat/27/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Wine alone might have reduced the pain of crucifixion. This can be stated in act # gall Gall is the bitter yellow liquid that bodies use in digestion. The people were mocking Jesus by mixing it with the wine and so making the wine undrinkable. - diff --git a/mat/27/35.md b/mat/27/35.md index 8538d43841..67adc33e6b 100644 --- a/mat/27/35.md +++ b/mat/27/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his garments These were the clothes Jesus had been wearing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/36.md b/mat/27/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/27/36.md +++ b/mat/27/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/27/37.md b/mat/27/37.md index 33edd5eab5..fdfe58b23d 100644 --- a/mat/27/37.md +++ b/mat/27/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the charge against him "a written explanation of why he was being crucified" - diff --git a/mat/27/38.md b/mat/27/38.md index c1d8e6cf0a..2622f6c852 100644 --- a/mat/27/38.md +++ b/mat/27/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Two robbers were crucified with him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The soldiers crucified two robbers with Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/39.md b/mat/27/39.md index 2dd25c6e52..5a463bb456 100644 --- a/mat/27/39.md +++ b/mat/27/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # shaking their heads They did this to make fun of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/40.md b/mat/27/40.md index 54cb052b07..de37e2f2cf 100644 --- a/mat/27/40.md +++ b/mat/27/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They did not believe that Jesus is the Son of God, so they wanted him to prove i # the Son of God This is an important title for the Christ that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/41.md b/mat/27/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/27/41.md +++ b/mat/27/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/27/42.md b/mat/27/42.md index 66ee4bba49..01db6340d9 100644 --- a/mat/27/42.md +++ b/mat/27/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the Jewish leaders do not believe that Jesus saved othe # He is the King of Israel The leaders are mocking Jesus. They call him "King of Israel," but they do not really believe he is king. Alternate translation: "He says that he is the King of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/43.md b/mat/27/43.md index 9168d7c5ad..d3dc5c19c5 100644 --- a/mat/27/43.md +++ b/mat/27/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotatio # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/44.md b/mat/27/44.md index c42c9daab3..4be10e2a52 100644 --- a/mat/27/44.md +++ b/mat/27/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the robbers who were crucified with him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the robbers that the soldiers crucified with Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/45.md b/mat/27/45.md index 4b7b2eb273..c37fe4799a 100644 --- a/mat/27/45.md +++ b/mat/27/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. # darkness came over the whole land The word "darkness" is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: "it became dark over the whole land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/46.md b/mat/27/46.md index 3c39b76fb7..95cc7a45da 100644 --- a/mat/27/46.md +++ b/mat/27/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani These words are what Jesus cried out in his own language. Translators usually leave these words as they are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/47.md b/mat/27/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/27/47.md +++ b/mat/27/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/27/48.md b/mat/27/48.md index c3d4e8e9f9..12b92721c7 100644 --- a/mat/27/48.md +++ b/mat/27/48.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a sea animal that is harvested and used to take up and hold liquids. The # gave it to him "gave it to Jesus" - diff --git a/mat/27/49.md b/mat/27/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/27/49.md +++ b/mat/27/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/27/50.md b/mat/27/50.md index c8e5912386..e7ef120359 100644 --- a/mat/27/50.md +++ b/mat/27/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gave up his spirit Here "spirit" refers to that which gives life to a person. This phrase is a way of saying that Jesus died. Alternate translation: "he died, giving his spirit over to God" or "he breathed his last breath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/51.md b/mat/27/51.md index cb42778c21..dbc8d8b732 100644 --- a/mat/27/51.md +++ b/mat/27/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information # the curtain of the temple was split in two This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the curtain of the temple tore in two" or "God caused the curtain of the temple to tear in two" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/52.md b/mat/27/52.md index 61cb2e2031..25766ef590 100644 --- a/mat/27/52.md +++ b/mat/27/52.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here to raise is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again # fallen asleep This is a polite way of referring to dying. Alternate translation: "died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/53.md b/mat/27/53.md index 42337923eb..b5625fbb91 100644 --- a/mat/27/53.md +++ b/mat/27/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They came out ... appeared to many The order of the events that Matthew describes (beginning with the words "The tombs were opened" in verse 52) is unclear. After the earthquake when Jesus died and the tombs were opened 1) the holy people came back to life, and then, after Jesus came back to life, the holy people entered Jerusalem, where many people saw them, or 2) Jesus came back to life, and then the holy ones came back to life and entered the city, where many people saw them. - diff --git a/mat/27/54.md b/mat/27/54.md index 65c655005e..9624236c7d 100644 --- a/mat/27/54.md +++ b/mat/27/54.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/55.md b/mat/27/55.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mat/27/55.md +++ b/mat/27/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mat/27/56.md b/mat/27/56.md index 9575b5fb13..12aaa3f30e 100644 --- a/mat/27/56.md +++ b/mat/27/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the mother of the sons of Zebedee "the mother of James and John" or "the wife of Zebedee" - diff --git a/mat/27/57.md b/mat/27/57.md index e33af7ccbf..4401b097af 100644 --- a/mat/27/57.md +++ b/mat/27/57.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins the account of Jesus's burial. # Arimathea This is the name of a city in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/58.md b/mat/27/58.md index 20350c4d56..62de4f4e6b 100644 --- a/mat/27/58.md +++ b/mat/27/58.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Pilate ordered it to be given to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then Pilate ordered the soldiers to give the body of Jesus to Joseph" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/59.md b/mat/27/59.md index 7783b28494..32c87e1a4b 100644 --- a/mat/27/59.md +++ b/mat/27/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # linen a fine, costly cloth - diff --git a/mat/27/60.md b/mat/27/60.md index f057b9dd10..53a603ea09 100644 --- a/mat/27/60.md +++ b/mat/27/60.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that Joseph had workers who cut the tomb into the rock. (See: [[rc # Then he rolled a large stone Most likely Joseph had other people there to help him roll the stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/61.md b/mat/27/61.md index 8b37cab957..c14b98f1a1 100644 --- a/mat/27/61.md +++ b/mat/27/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # opposite the tomb "across from the tomb" - diff --git a/mat/27/62.md b/mat/27/62.md index bffe89a861..89a1729fbc 100644 --- a/mat/27/62.md +++ b/mat/27/62.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the day that people got everything ready for the Sabbath. # were gathered together with Pilate "met with Pilate" - diff --git a/mat/27/63.md b/mat/27/63.md index 999ecd7e79..32de35cdae 100644 --- a/mat/27/63.md +++ b/mat/27/63.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he said, 'After three days will I rise again.' This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "he said that after three days he will rise again." or "he said that after three day he would rise again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/64.md b/mat/27/64.md index 72d49152ad..a143de9ca1 100644 --- a/mat/27/64.md +++ b/mat/27/64.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ From among all those who have died. The expression "the dead" describes all dead # and the last deception will be worse than the first The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "and if they deceive people by saying that, it will be worse than the way he deceived people before when he said that he was the Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/27/65.md b/mat/27/65.md index 3e8fc52099..ea46b68755 100644 --- a/mat/27/65.md +++ b/mat/27/65.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a guard This consisted of four to sixteen Roman soldiers. - diff --git a/mat/27/66.md b/mat/27/66.md index 2a4269a6f3..ea45318105 100644 --- a/mat/27/66.md +++ b/mat/27/66.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) they put a cord around the stone and attached it with s # placing the guard "telling the soldiers to stand where they could keep people from tampering with the tomb" - diff --git a/mat/27/intro.md b/mat/27/intro.md index e512b53b29..a476f9005a 100644 --- a/mat/27/intro.md +++ b/mat/27/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Matthew 27 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Delivered him to Pilate the governor" +### "Delivered him to Pilate the governor" The Jewish leaders needed to get permission from Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor, before they could kill Jesus. This was because Roman law did not allow them to kill Jesus themselves. Pilate was going to set one prisoner free, and he wanted to set Jesus free, but they wanted him to free a very bad prisoner named Barabbas instead. -#### The tomb +### The tomb The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Matthew 27:60](../../mat/27/60.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Sarcasm +### Sarcasm The soldiers said, "Hail, King of the Jews!" ([Matthew 27:29](../../mat/27/29.md)) to mock Jesus. They did not think that he was the king of the Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The soldiers said, "Hail, King of the Jews!" ([Matthew 27:29](../../mat/27/29.md * __[Matthew 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mat/28/01.md b/mat/28/01.md index f1743bed63..f179a2f5ef 100644 --- a/mat/28/01.md +++ b/mat/28/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. # the other Mary "the other woman named Mary." This is Mary the mother of James and Joseph ([Matthew 27:56](../27/56.md)). - diff --git a/mat/28/02.md b/mat/28/02.md index d69956a2f8..78d811577e 100644 --- a/mat/28/02.md +++ b/mat/28/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the earthquake happened because the angel came down and # earthquake a sudden and violent shaking of the ground - diff --git a/mat/28/03.md b/mat/28/03.md index fcafd40a37..d78f684e7a 100644 --- a/mat/28/03.md +++ b/mat/28/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a simile that emphasizes how bright in appearance the angel was. Alterna # his clothing as white as snow This is a simile that emphasizes how bright and white the angel's clothes were. The verb "was" from the previous phrase can be repeated. Alternate translation: "his clothing was very white, like snow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mat/28/04.md b/mat/28/04.md index d6dafbb040..952d63aeda 100644 --- a/mat/28/04.md +++ b/mat/28/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # became like dead men This is a simile that means the soldiers fell down and did not move. Alternate translation: "fell to the ground and lay there like dead men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mat/28/05.md b/mat/28/05.md index a8e1a9547f..ba32738e7a 100644 --- a/mat/28/05.md +++ b/mat/28/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who has been crucified This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the people and the soldiers crucified" or "whom they crucified" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mat/28/06.md b/mat/28/06.md index 3901a84deb..e3acae8951 100644 --- a/mat/28/06.md +++ b/mat/28/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # was lying This means that Jesus's body was lying on the flat surface inside the tomb, not that Jesus was saying things that were not true. - diff --git a/mat/28/07.md b/mat/28/07.md index fecc5ac861..696a20ef3a 100644 --- a/mat/28/07.md +++ b/mat/28/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "you" is plural. It refers to the women and the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ # I have told you Here "you" is plural and refers to the women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mat/28/08.md b/mat/28/08.md index 35fe4d836d..fe8aa585f2 100644 --- a/mat/28/08.md +++ b/mat/28/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The women "Mary Magdalene and the other woman named Mary" - diff --git a/mat/28/09.md b/mat/28/09.md index 64fc09da2a..9c6945beda 100644 --- a/mat/28/09.md +++ b/mat/28/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an ordinary greeting, much like "Hello" in English. # took hold of his feet "got down on their knees and held onto his feet" - diff --git a/mat/28/10.md b/mat/28/10.md index 7e77df25f2..1b28200c9b 100644 --- a/mat/28/10.md +++ b/mat/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my brothers This refers to Jesus's disciples. - diff --git a/mat/28/11.md b/mat/28/11.md index 668e437695..953d22902f 100644 --- a/mat/28/11.md +++ b/mat/28/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this refers to Mary Magdalene and the other Mary. # behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. - diff --git a/mat/28/12.md b/mat/28/12.md index b89c32c542..c5413b6e41 100644 --- a/mat/28/12.md +++ b/mat/28/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # discussed the matter with them "decided on a plan among themselves." The priests and elders decided to give the money to the soldiers. - diff --git a/mat/28/13.md b/mat/28/13.md index 32d928cf45..e13a12084b 100644 --- a/mat/28/13.md +++ b/mat/28/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Say to others, 'The disciples of Jesus came ... while we were sleeping.' If your language does not allow quotations within quotations you may translate this as a single quote. Alternate translation: "Tell others that Jesus' disciples came ... while you were sleeping." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/mat/28/14.md b/mat/28/14.md index 04885b1842..4a9f2d7cd1 100644 --- a/mat/28/14.md +++ b/mat/28/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # we will persuade him and take any worries away from you "do not worry. We will talk to him so that he does not punish you." - diff --git a/mat/28/15.md b/mat/28/15.md index 79170fb41b..7f9c116dad 100644 --- a/mat/28/15.md +++ b/mat/28/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "did what the prie # even today This refers to the time Matthew wrote the book. - diff --git a/mat/28/16.md b/mat/28/16.md index 58b7b2b512..a8a554cf4e 100644 --- a/mat/28/16.md +++ b/mat/28/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus meeting with his disciples after his resurrection. - diff --git a/mat/28/17.md b/mat/28/17.md index 66cdc88245..2041e82c1a 100644 --- a/mat/28/17.md +++ b/mat/28/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) they all worshiped Jesus even though some of them doubt # but some doubted It can be stated explicitly what the disciples doubted. Alternate translation: "some doubted that he was really Jesus and that he had become alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mat/28/18.md b/mat/28/18.md index bd3a18c054..cc9414a5bc 100644 --- a/mat/28/18.md +++ b/mat/28/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My Father has given m # in heaven and on earth Here "heaven" and "earth" are used together to mean everyone and everything in heaven and earth. The words "in heaven and on earth" can be translated as "over everyone and everything in heaven and on earth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/mat/28/19.md b/mat/28/19.md index 4fb4bbf50e..d9697b5c92 100644 --- a/mat/28/19.md +++ b/mat/28/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" refers to authority. Alternate translation: "by the authority" (See: # Father ... Son These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mat/28/20.md b/mat/28/20.md index 03191d4d05..42b5d89e4e 100644 --- a/mat/28/20.md +++ b/mat/28/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # even to the end of the age "until the end of this age" or "until the end of the world" - diff --git a/mat/28/intro.md b/mat/28/intro.md index bcd4f6db8f..2ff75bfdc4 100644 --- a/mat/28/intro.md +++ b/mat/28/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Matthew 28 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The tomb +### The tomb The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Matthew 28:1](../../mat/28/01.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter. -#### "Make disciples" +### "Make disciples" The last two verses ([Matthew 28:19-20](./19.md)) are commonly known as "The Great Commission" because they contain a very important command given to all Christians. Christians are to "make disciples" by going to people, sharing the gospel with them and training them to live as Christians. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### An angel of the Lord +### An angel of the Lord Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the women at Jesus's tomb. Two of the authors called them men, but that is only because the angels looked human. Two of the authors wrote about two angels, but the other two authors wrote about only one of them. It is best to translate each of these passages as it appears in the ULB without trying to make the passages all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 28:1-2](../../mat/28/01.md) and [Mark 16:5](../../mrk/16/05.md) and [Luke 24:4](../../luk/24/04.md) and [John 20:12](../../jhn/20/12.md)) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the * __[Matthew 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/mat/front/intro.md b/mat/front/intro.md index 3603320028..88867b3007 100644 --- a/mat/front/intro.md +++ b/mat/front/intro.md @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ The texts are considered "parallel" when they are the same or almost the same am ### Why does Jesus refer to himself as the "Son of Man"? -In the gospels, Jesus calls himself the "Son of Man." It is a reference to Daniel 7:13-14. In this passage there is a person described as a "son of man." That means the person was someone who looked like a human being. God gave authority to the son of man to rule over the nations forever. And all the people will worship him forever. +In the gospels, Jesus calls himself the "Son of Man." It is a reference to Daniel 7:13-14. In this passage there is a person described as a "son of man." That means the person was someone who looked like a human being. God gave authority to the son of man to rule over the nations forever. And all the people will worship him forever. Jews of Jesus's time did not use "Son of Man" as a title for anyone. Therefore, Jesus used it for himself to help them understand who he truly was. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]]) @@ -58,12 +58,11 @@ Translating the title "Son of Man" can be difficult in many languages. Readers m The following verses are found in older versions of the Bible but are not included in most modern versions: -* "Bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you" (5:44) -* "For yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever. Amen" (6:13) +* "Bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you" (5:44) +* "For yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever. Amen" (6:13) * "But this kind of demon does not go out except with prayer and fasting" (17:21) * "For the Son of Man came to save that which was lost" (18:11) * "Many are called, but few are chosen" (20:16) * "Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for you devour widows' houses, while you make a show of long prayers. You will therefore receive greater condemnation." (23:14) Translators are advised not to include these passages. However, if in the translators' region there are older versions of the Bible that include one or more of these passages, the translators can include them. If they are included, they should be put inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that they were probably not original to Matthew's Gospel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/01.md b/mic/01/01.md index b49b93c053..226774db83 100644 --- a/mic/01/01.md +++ b/mic/01/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # which he saw "which he heard in a vision" - diff --git a/mic/01/02.md b/mic/01/02.md index 66c4ce2a3f..3c96cd4e6f 100644 --- a/mic/01/02.md +++ b/mic/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Micah 1:2-7 is about God's judgment on Samaria. # Listen, all you peoples. Listen, earth, and all that is in you This begins Micah's prophecy. Micah speaks to the people of Samaria as if all the people of the earth and even the earth itself were able to hear him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/03.md b/mic/01/03.md index 3125e796ea..df644c64d6 100644 --- a/mic/01/03.md +++ b/mic/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Micah speaks as if Yahweh were a mighty soldier coming down from heaven and begi # the high places of the earth "the high mountains" - diff --git a/mic/01/04.md b/mic/01/04.md index 525586f66d..afde480c1d 100644 --- a/mic/01/04.md +++ b/mic/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The mountains will melt under him; the valleys will break apart, like wax before fire, like waters that are poured down a steep place Micah speaks as if Yahweh were a hot, solid object that melted the earth as it moved. Alternate translation: "He will crush the mountains and the valleys as he marches over them; he will destroy them, and they will completely disappear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/05.md b/mic/01/05.md index 96969bb86a..933c6f998c 100644 --- a/mic/01/05.md +++ b/mic/01/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "high place" is a synecdoche for the entire system of idol worship. "Judah" # Is it not Jerusalem? Here "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the evil activities that take place there. Micah uses a question to emphasize that the people know what the truth is. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that it is Jerusalem." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/06.md b/mic/01/06.md index cd02d6fda8..e9e2f33015 100644 --- a/mic/01/06.md +++ b/mic/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of Samaria as if the city were a woman. Alternate translation: "Sa # I will pour her stones Here "her" refers to the city of Samaria. - diff --git a/mic/01/07.md b/mic/01/07.md index 91c0ab3a82..04a9bdf115 100644 --- a/mic/01/07.md +++ b/mic/01/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Making desolate is a metaphor for destroying. Alternate translation: "I will des # Since she gathered her gifts from the wages of prostitutes, they will become the wages of prostitutes again Yahweh speaks of the people giving gifts to idols as if the people were hiring prostitutes. When the Assyrians destroy Samaria, they will take to Assyria the gifts the people of Samaria gave to their idols and give them as gifts to their own idols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/08.md b/mic/01/08.md index 21a184851a..848c8662d9 100644 --- a/mic/01/08.md +++ b/mic/01/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ probably wearing only a loincloth # like the jackals ... like owls Jackals and owls live in wastelands, and their loud cries sound like people wailing or weeping. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/09.md b/mic/01/09.md index 3ab06b46b1..eadeea25c6 100644 --- a/mic/01/09.md +++ b/mic/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "her" refers to the city of Samaria. This means nothing can stop the enemy # for it has come to Judah Micah uses contagious disease as a metaphor for the army that Yahweh has sent to judge Samaria. Here "it" refers to the "wound," that is, to the army that God will use to punish Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/10.md b/mic/01/10.md index 8f410dd2c8..c172945d09 100644 --- a/mic/01/10.md +++ b/mic/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may want to make a footnote saying, "The name of this city means 'house of d # I roll myself in the dust People under God's judgment are expressing their grief in a strong way. Alternate translation: "I roll myself on the ground" or "I roll myself in the mud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/11.md b/mic/01/11.md index 3b5c7fd159..90e282acbe 100644 --- a/mic/01/11.md +++ b/mic/01/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The name of this city means "house of taking away." # for their protection is taken away This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "for I have taken away everything that might protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/12.md b/mic/01/12.md index b647e1685b..f983019a82 100644 --- a/mic/01/12.md +++ b/mic/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name of this city means "bitterness." # disaster has come down from Yahweh The abstract noun "disaster" is spoken of here as a solid object rolling down a hill. It can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has caused bad things to happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/13.md b/mic/01/13.md index 67f9bffb8c..d24ef7d72b 100644 --- a/mic/01/13.md +++ b/mic/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "daughter" is a metonym for the people of the city. Alternate translati # for the transgressions of Israel were found in you This idiom can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "for you disobeyed like the people of Israel did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/14.md b/mic/01/14.md index 24617f93f4..de5bef36b6 100644 --- a/mic/01/14.md +++ b/mic/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "houses" here is a metonym for the people who live in the houses. Alter # Akzib You may want to add a footnote saying "This name sounds almost the same as the Hebrew expression for 'deceitful thing.'" - diff --git a/mic/01/15.md b/mic/01/15.md index 83173e80ba..95c8c59b27 100644 --- a/mic/01/15.md +++ b/mic/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may want to make a footnote saying, "The name of this village sounds like th # Adullam This is the name of a royal city in Philistia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mic/01/16.md b/mic/01/16.md index 35d1a8d9ae..13eca78c93 100644 --- a/mic/01/16.md +++ b/mic/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Israelites who were mourning would shave bald spots on their heads. Possible mea # eagles This word can also be translated "vultures." - diff --git a/mic/01/intro.md b/mic/01/intro.md index 7f546f387f..4df37f5686 100644 --- a/mic/01/intro.md +++ b/mic/01/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Micah 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Micah is written mainly in a poetic form. Most of the prophets wrote to either the Northern Kingdom or the Southern Kingdom. Micah wrote to both of them at times without clear distinction, as he did in this chapter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### City Names +### City Names This passage sounds unusual in English because of its construction in Hebrew. It contains several "puns" or "plays on words." The names of the cities are used to describe their destruction. "Lachish will be lashed" is an example of this type of construction. This poetic element might metaphors describing the actual way they will be punished. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -16,4 +16,3 @@ This passage sounds unusual in English because of its construction in Hebrew. It * __[Micah intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mic/02/01.md b/mic/02/01.md index e383491a6f..e0266f7fd0 100644 --- a/mic/02/01.md +++ b/mic/02/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Micah speaks against the leaders in Israel who are taking advantage of the poor and not following God's commands. - diff --git a/mic/02/02.md b/mic/02/02.md index 082a1be9bf..9201c738a7 100644 --- a/mic/02/02.md +++ b/mic/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They oppress a man "They oppress any man they choose to oppress." This is a generalization. Micah is not speaking of one individual man here. - diff --git a/mic/02/03.md b/mic/02/03.md index 8fa237f0b9..af751b18c7 100644 --- a/mic/02/03.md +++ b/mic/02/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This "clan" refers to the entire community of Israel, whose rich people are oppr # from which you will not remove your necks Yahweh speaks of punishing the people as if he were putting a yoke around their necks. Alternate translation: "from which you will not be able to escape" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/02/04.md b/mic/02/04.md index 17581a74d1..1c87c72a7b 100644 --- a/mic/02/04.md +++ b/mic/02/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is probably a euphemism that means that Yahweh has given the land to other # How can he remove it from me? The enemy mocks the surprise the rich leaders of Israel feel because God has taken their land and given it to someone else just as they had taken the land from the poor. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "How wrong he is to take it from me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/mic/02/05.md b/mic/02/05.md index 43120cbda8..cd430ce4d6 100644 --- a/mic/02/05.md +++ b/mic/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Micah continues quoting Yahweh's speech to the people. # Therefore, you rich people will have no descendants to divide up the territory by lot in the assembly of Yahweh Possible meanings are 1) Micah looks forward to a time after the exile when those who return will divide up the land or 2) he is speaking of a custom of his time when the tribe or clan would divide up their land and give it to individuals. - diff --git a/mic/02/06.md b/mic/02/06.md index ef47da136d..d52567d49d 100644 --- a/mic/02/06.md +++ b/mic/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The speakers are speaking to Micah and others, so this is plural. (See: [[rc://e # disgrace will not overtake us Disgrace is spoken of as if it were a robber chasing a person. It can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "we will not be disgraced" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mic/02/07.md b/mic/02/07.md index be077994c1..92d73d8065 100644 --- a/mic/02/07.md +++ b/mic/02/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) these are real questions and the people really do not k # Do not my words do good to anyone who walks uprightly? Micah uses a question to teach the people. It can bee translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "My message does good to those who walk uprightly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mic/02/08.md b/mic/02/08.md index 56afb7997e..6fee99f801 100644 --- a/mic/02/08.md +++ b/mic/02/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to either 1) Micah's people or 2) Yahweh's people. # You strip the robe, the garment, from those who pass by unsuspectingly Possible meanings are 1) the wicked rich people are literally stealing robes from the poor or 2) creditors are keeping the outer garments of the poor who come to borrow money and give the garment as assurance they will repay. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/02/09.md b/mic/02/09.md index 5a9bf7c74a..da672ae744 100644 --- a/mic/02/09.md +++ b/mic/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the wicked rich people in Israel. # you take my splendor from their young children forever The word "splendor" refers, in general, to blessings God has given to his people. It might refer to 1) being landowners in Israel, 2) a promising future or 3) to the children's fathers, farmers who worked hard to establish the nation. - diff --git a/mic/02/10.md b/mic/02/10.md index 21c89c63bb..cbd87632d5 100644 --- a/mic/02/10.md +++ b/mic/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the wicked rich people in Israel. # it is destroyed with complete destruction This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will completely destroy it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mic/02/11.md b/mic/02/11.md index b3a0a9a8d6..54f41d2f91 100644 --- a/mic/02/11.md +++ b/mic/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Micah is speaking to the people of Judah, so both instances of "you" are plural. # he would be considered This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people would consider him" or "you would consider him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mic/02/12.md b/mic/02/12.md index 5908a0c293..01224caa63 100644 --- a/mic/02/12.md +++ b/mic/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. At the end of this chapter, Yahweh shows himself to b # all of you, Jacob Micah is speaking to some of the descendants of Jacob, so the word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mic/02/13.md b/mic/02/13.md index eb75a3dbaf..71223f3749 100644 --- a/mic/02/13.md +++ b/mic/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking. At the end of this chapter, Yahweh shows himself to b # Someone who breaks open their way ... Yahweh will be at their head. This is a picture of a king leading his people out of an enclosed city. - diff --git a/mic/02/intro.md b/mic/02/intro.md index fe9b45a094..1e4c113145 100644 --- a/mic/02/intro.md +++ b/mic/02/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Micah 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues using poetic forms in communicating that people who take advantage of others are guilty of sin and injustice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Context -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Context Micah does not frequently explain the historical context of his prophecies. This may result in the translator failing to understand implicit information. Additional research may be needed regarding the time period of Micah's ministry. Therefore, translators have a good understanding of the history of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Micah does not frequently explain the historical context of his prophecies. This * __[Micah 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mic/03/01.md b/mic/03/01.md index 4045d47aed..06432d86c1 100644 --- a/mic/03/01.md +++ b/mic/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Micah. # Is it not right for you to understand justice? Micah is scolding the leaders. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You act as though you think it is wrong for you to understand justice." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mic/03/02.md b/mic/03/02.md index 912ae9c119..37f746c657 100644 --- a/mic/03/02.md +++ b/mic/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These nominal adjectives can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: # you who tear off their skin, their flesh from their bones A butcher cutting up animals into meat is a metaphor for the leaders being cruel to the poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/03/03.md b/mic/03/03.md index 50a5af0b04..dd743cdd76 100644 --- a/mic/03/03.md +++ b/mic/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Micah finishes comparing the leaders of Israel to butchers. # just like meat in a cauldron A butcher cutting up animals into meat is a metaphor for the leaders being cruel to the poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/03/04.md b/mic/03/04.md index 4a586ba738..13bf4aabbf 100644 --- a/mic/03/04.md +++ b/mic/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Micah continues speaking. # He will hide his face from you Hiding the face is a metaphor for refusing to listen. Alternate translation: "He will turn his face away from you and cover it" or "You will see that he has no desire to help you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/03/05.md b/mic/03/05.md index faebdaa350..c0a32983d2 100644 --- a/mic/03/05.md +++ b/mic/03/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Micah is using a metaphor to describe a situation that actually happens. The phr # if he puts nothing in their mouths, they dedicate themselves to wage war on him Micah is using a metaphor to describe a situation that actually happens. The phrase "puts nothing in their mouths" is an ironic exaggeration for not giving what they want. Alternate translation: "they do all they can to destroy people who pay them too little" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/mic/03/06.md b/mic/03/06.md index fd1e75bf0c..3a1b8e2b31 100644 --- a/mic/03/06.md +++ b/mic/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Darkness is a metaphor for Yahweh not speaking to the prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ # no vision for you "you will no longer see visions" - diff --git a/mic/03/07.md b/mic/03/07.md index 9e5876f1bb..ac0f74a76e 100644 --- a/mic/03/07.md +++ b/mic/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "lips" represents speaking. Alternate translation: "They shall no longer sp # there is no answer from God "God will be silent" - diff --git a/mic/03/08.md b/mic/03/08.md index e8c63cf0cd..18af056a51 100644 --- a/mic/03/08.md +++ b/mic/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Micah speaks of himself as if he were a container into which Yahweh were pouring # to declare to Jacob his transgression, and to Israel his sin Here "Jacob" and "Israel" are metonyms for Jacob's descendants. Micah uses both names to emphasize that all of his descendants are guilty of sin. The abstract nouns "transgression" and "sin" can be translated using verbs. Alternate translation: "to declare to Jacob's descendants that they have broken Yahweh's law; I am telling the people of Israel that they have all sinned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mic/03/09.md b/mic/03/09.md index aad4feab82..7c3f214ce7 100644 --- a/mic/03/09.md +++ b/mic/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # detest strongly dislike - diff --git a/mic/03/10.md b/mic/03/10.md index 7a072adcd6..faf4ac6e51 100644 --- a/mic/03/10.md +++ b/mic/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You build Zion with blood and Jerusalem with iniquity "Blood" here is a metonym for murder, and "Zion" and "Jerusalem" are spoken of as if they were buildings. Micah speaks of the rich murdering people and sinning in other ways as if those activities were the bricks and wood with which people use to build houses. Alternate translation: "You commit murder and other horrible sins as you work to make Zion and Jerusalem great" or "You commit murder as you worship in Zion, and you commit other sins as you get rich in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mic/03/11.md b/mic/03/11.md index 163c7fb1fb..8c94eae8c3 100644 --- a/mic/03/11.md +++ b/mic/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The leaders strongly believe that Yahweh is with them. This can be translated as # evil See how you translated "disaster" in [Micah 1:12](../01/12.md). - diff --git a/mic/03/12.md b/mic/03/12.md index 4db08f032b..179c3de1bf 100644 --- a/mic/03/12.md +++ b/mic/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the royal palace in Jerusalem # high places of a thicket Here the word "thicket" describes the phrase "high place." A thicket is a place with so many bushes that no one can use it for anything. The phrase "high place" is often used for a place for false worship. The hill of the temple had been the most important land in Jerusalem, but now it would become useless even for false worship. - diff --git a/mic/03/intro.md b/mic/03/intro.md index 8448d66c9d..714985b072 100644 --- a/mic/03/intro.md +++ b/mic/03/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,15 @@ # Micah 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Justice +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice + An unjust society was considered sinful. It was considered to be against the law of Moses. If these kingdoms did not have justice, they were not obedient to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors There are vivid pictures used in this chapter which show how the leaders of the people were treating the Israelites. These situations are absurd unless taken as a metaphor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +17,3 @@ There are vivid pictures used in this chapter which show how the leaders of the * __[Micah 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mic/04/01.md b/mic/04/01.md index 61fead7e3d..a64fc42823 100644 --- a/mic/04/01.md +++ b/mic/04/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will exalt # peoples will stream to it A stream flows continually to one place from many directions. Many people come to the temple mount from different directions. Alternate translation: "the people of the nations will flow like a stream to it" or "the people of the nations will go to it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/02.md b/mic/04/02.md index 016314c7dd..d54b7bffb9 100644 --- a/mic/04/02.md +++ b/mic/04/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The law and the word going out is a metaphor for people hearing it and then bein # and the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem The words "will go out" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "and the word of Yahweh will go out from Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/03.md b/mic/04/03.md index 1c22a80e01..d788a214c5 100644 --- a/mic/04/03.md +++ b/mic/04/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a metal tool that people use to cut off branches or stems from plants # will not lift up sword will not threaten to start a war - diff --git a/mic/04/04.md b/mic/04/04.md index cced2d5f68..d5ab83269b 100644 --- a/mic/04/04.md +++ b/mic/04/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both the "vine" and the "fig tree" are symbols of prosperity. This phrase descri # for the mouth of Yahweh of hosts has spoken The mouth is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh of hosts has spoken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/05.md b/mic/04/05.md index 18cda8fbcd..0c18e08a7e 100644 --- a/mic/04/05.md +++ b/mic/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the peoples walk ... in the name of their god ... we will walk in the name of Yahweh Walking on a path is a metaphor for living one's life. Walking in the name of someone is a metaphor for worshiping and obeying. Alternate translation: "the peoples ... worship and obey their god ... we will worship and obey Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/06.md b/mic/04/06.md index 615cc1c4f5..4a3facc330 100644 --- a/mic/04/06.md +++ b/mic/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to those who cannot walk well. Being lame is a synecdoche for having # gather the outcast "gather those whom I drove out of Jerusalem" - diff --git a/mic/04/07.md b/mic/04/07.md index 9b0dd900fe..cd2d7ab604 100644 --- a/mic/04/07.md +++ b/mic/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the ones driven away into a strong nation The words "I will turn" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated. The phrase "the ones driven away" can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: "I will turn the ones I drove away into a strong nation" or "I will make the ones I forcefully sent away into a strong nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/08.md b/mic/04/08.md index 0481e8ab5c..c54ee9ecb3 100644 --- a/mic/04/08.md +++ b/mic/04/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some modern versions understand this Hebrew word to mean "fortress" or "strongho # to you it will come, your former dominion The abstract noun "dominion" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "you will rule over the nations as you did before" or "I will make you rule over the nations as you did before" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/09.md b/mic/04/09.md index 1ab630853d..dbc2fe51fb 100644 --- a/mic/04/09.md +++ b/mic/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Micah continues to mock the people. These questions can be translated as stateme # pain like a woman in labor seizes you Possible meanings of this simile are 1) Micah is describing the pain itself, that it is as strong as the pain a woman in labor feels or 2) he is describing the manner in which the pain seizes the people, that it seizes them totally and uncontrollably, the way a woman in labor can think only about her pain and delivering her baby. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/10.md b/mic/04/10.md index e7732b6442..88b0a38d0b 100644 --- a/mic/04/10.md +++ b/mic/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "There Yahweh will # the hand of your enemies Possible meanings for the word "hand" are 1) it could be a metonym for the power that the hand exercises, Alternate translation: "the power of your enemies" or 2) it could be a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/11.md b/mic/04/11.md index 363b0c3af9..ce85e1db6e 100644 --- a/mic/04/11.md +++ b/mic/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let us defile her # let our eyes gloat over Zion The eye is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "let us gloat over Zion" or "let us enjoy watching the invaders destroy Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/12.md b/mic/04/12.md index 337a58016a..25def6e6ab 100644 --- a/mic/04/12.md +++ b/mic/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for he has gathered them like bundles of grain prepared for the threshing floor The writer speaks of Yahweh being ready to destroy the nations as if Yahweh were a farmer who has put his bundles of grain on his threshing floor and is now ready to thresh them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/13.md b/mic/04/13.md index 08f53c995d..ce142c248b 100644 --- a/mic/04/13.md +++ b/mic/04/13.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ If your reader is not familiar with oxen or iron or bronze, you can remove the m # their wealth The abstract noun "wealth" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "the things that they own" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mic/04/intro.md b/mic/04/intro.md index 9d6c60a9d4..8e8e962fbd 100644 --- a/mic/04/intro.md +++ b/mic/04/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Micah 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues the poetic form to communicate that God will one day restore Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Remanant -#### Remanant Micah speaks about a future hope and a remnant who will return to their homeland. Verses 1-8 are a vision of the future when God will restore Israel to its former glory. These verses will give hope to those about to be removed from their homeland. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Micah speaks about a future hope and a remnant who will return to their homeland * __[Micah 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mic/05/01.md b/mic/05/01.md index 2abe9ca32b..46aee3538e 100644 --- a/mic/05/01.md +++ b/mic/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The rod is a metonym for a greater man punishing a lesser man with a rod. To str # the judge of Israel This irony describes the king as having lost so much of his power and authority that he is really only a judge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/mic/05/02.md b/mic/05/02.md index 83a4b5e39c..8b8a9e824e 100644 --- a/mic/05/02.md +++ b/mic/05/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "me" refers to Yahweh. # whose beginning is from ancient times, from everlasting This refers to the ruler descending from the ancient family of King David. The phrases "from ancient times" and "from everlasting" mean basically the same thing and emphasize how old this family line is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/mic/05/03.md b/mic/05/03.md index d5232b018f..7587be8de5 100644 --- a/mic/05/03.md +++ b/mic/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the time when the ruler is born, a limited time. # the rest of his brothers "the rest of the ruler's fellow Israelites," who are in exile - diff --git a/mic/05/04.md b/mic/05/04.md index 41b6c32670..4369c8bfe6 100644 --- a/mic/05/04.md +++ b/mic/05/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ the people of Israel will remain # he will be great to the ends of the earth All people from every nation will give honor to Israel's ruler. - diff --git a/mic/05/05.md b/mic/05/05.md index 4baff5e424..27e962e3ae 100644 --- a/mic/05/05.md +++ b/mic/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven shepherds and eight leaders over men Here "shepherds" is a metonym for "rulers," another way of saying "leaders over men." The phrase "seven ... and eight" is an idiom for "more than enough." Alternate translation: "enough, even more than enough, rulers" or "more than enough shepherds and leaders over men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mic/05/06.md b/mic/05/06.md index 477df7b130..f23b3e0e34 100644 --- a/mic/05/06.md +++ b/mic/05/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is another name for the land of Assyria. Nimrod was a hunter and early rule # He will rescue The ruler will rescue - diff --git a/mic/05/07.md b/mic/05/07.md index 58d86e6bf2..3a79b9ac71 100644 --- a/mic/05/07.md +++ b/mic/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Dew and rain showers refresh the land and cause things to grow. The Israelites w # grass, that do not wait for a man, and they do not wait for the children "grass. It is not for a man that they wait, nor is it for the children." It is Yahweh alone who causes dew and rain showers. - diff --git a/mic/05/08.md b/mic/05/08.md index d8968eb0c4..b6484c5632 100644 --- a/mic/05/08.md +++ b/mic/05/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ when the young lion goes through the flocks of sheep # will trample over them and tear "will jump on them so they fall down, and then he will tear" - diff --git a/mic/05/09.md b/mic/05/09.md index 1aea93f999..a7d75c305d 100644 --- a/mic/05/09.md +++ b/mic/05/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises or a synecdoche for # it will destroy them The hand is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "you will destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mic/05/10.md b/mic/05/10.md index 656b771882..08926024dd 100644 --- a/mic/05/10.md +++ b/mic/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Israel used horses and chariots only in battle, and they may have # your horses ... among you ... your chariots Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mic/05/11.md b/mic/05/11.md index 67d1e088a4..cf0832dfa7 100644 --- a/mic/05/11.md +++ b/mic/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your land ... your strongholds Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mic/05/12.md b/mic/05/12.md index 257efbb56e..6276a847e9 100644 --- a/mic/05/12.md +++ b/mic/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being in the "hand" represents the actions that the person does. Alternate trans # your hand ... you will Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mic/05/13.md b/mic/05/13.md index d51ed3bad6..067ef8ca59 100644 --- a/mic/05/13.md +++ b/mic/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man. (See: # the workmanship of your hands The abstract noun "workmanship" can be translated using the verb "make." Alternate translation: "what your hands have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mic/05/14.md b/mic/05/14.md index a7f6913e5a..ff74ce7c48 100644 --- a/mic/05/14.md +++ b/mic/05/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man. (See: # will uproot your Asherah poles Yahweh speaks of Asherah poles as if they were trees that he would pull out of the ground. Alternate translation: "will pull your Asherah poles out of the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/05/15.md b/mic/05/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mic/05/15.md +++ b/mic/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mic/05/intro.md b/mic/05/intro.md index 80f8d82173..61bea239ef 100644 --- a/mic/05/intro.md +++ b/mic/05/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Micah 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Messiah -This chapter contains a prophecy explaining that the Messiah was to be born in Bethlehem. This meaning is made clear in the New Testament. (See: [Micah 5:2](../../mic/05/02.md), [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) +### Messiah -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +This chapter contains a prophecy explaining that the Messiah was to be born in Bethlehem. This meaning is made clear in the New Testament. (See: [Micah 5:2](../../mic/05/02.md), [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Change in Personal Pronouns -#### Change in Personal Pronouns Extra care must be taken in translating pronouns in this chapter. Sometimes "I" is a reference to the author and other times it is a reference to Yahweh. There is also a noticable shift where the author stops speaking about the people as "you" and begins speaking about them as "we" or "us." ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Extra care must be taken in translating pronouns in this chapter. Sometimes "I" * __[Micah 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mic/06/01.md b/mic/06/01.md index 137cb3d3ed..443282357a 100644 --- a/mic/06/01.md +++ b/mic/06/01.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # General Information -It is not clear who is speaking in verses 1 and 2. In verse 1, two possibilities are that Yahweh tells the people of Israel to arise and state their case, or that Micah tells Yahweh to arise and state his case. In verse 2, two possibilities are that Yahweh is speaking to the mountains or that Micah is speaking to the mountains. The ULB has arranged the quote marks in a way that indicates that in verse 1, Yahweh tells his people to state their case, and in verse 2 Yahweh speaks to the mountains. +It is not clear who is speaking in verses 1 and 2. In verse 1, two possibilities are that Yahweh tells the people of Israel to arise and state their case, or that Micah tells Yahweh to arise and state his case. In verse 2, two possibilities are that Yahweh is speaking to the mountains or that Micah is speaking to the mountains. The ULB has arranged the quote marks in a way that indicates that in verse 1, Yahweh tells his people to state their case, and in verse 2 Yahweh speaks to the mountains. # Now listen @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh says this to the people of Israel. He speaks as if he, his people, and th # state your case Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh is telling his people to say what they think he has done wrong to them, or 2) Yahweh is telling his people to answer the accusation he will make against them. - diff --git a/mic/06/02.md b/mic/06/02.md index 0cd5b6f428..fae7b76263 100644 --- a/mic/06/02.md +++ b/mic/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues to speak as if he is in court and the mountains would hear his # you mountains ... you enduring foundations of the earth Possible meanings are 1) these two phrases both refer to the mountains, or 2) the mountains and the foundations of the earth are two different parts of the world. - diff --git a/mic/06/03.md b/mic/06/03.md index 4b05eda99b..51912afecb 100644 --- a/mic/06/03.md +++ b/mic/06/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God uses questions to emphasize that he is good and has done nothing to cause th # to you ... wearied you? Answer Yahweh speaks to the people as if they were one man, so all instances of "you" and all the commands are masculine singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/mic/06/04.md b/mic/06/04.md index ec69c1b025..490308a04f 100644 --- a/mic/06/04.md +++ b/mic/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks to the people as if they were one man, so all instances of "you" a # house of bondage A house is a metaphor for a place in which one lives for a long time. The abstract noun "bondage" can be translated as "to be slaves." Alternate translation: "the place where you were slaves for a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/06/05.md b/mic/06/05.md index 391494d456..ca5ed57429 100644 --- a/mic/06/05.md +++ b/mic/06/05.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Yahweh speaks to the people as if they were one man, so all instances of "you" a "the plans Balak ... made to harm you" # how Balaam ... answered him + Balak had told Balaam to curse Israel, but instead, Balaam blessed Israel. Alternate translation: "how Balaam ... responded" or "how Balaam ... said that he would bless you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # Beor @@ -24,4 +25,3 @@ The Hebrew word "shittim" means "acacias." An accacia is a kind of tree, and the # so you may know the righteous acts of Yahweh Yahweh refers to himself by his own name. Alternate translation: "so that you may remember the righteous things that I, Yahweh, have done for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mic/06/06.md b/mic/06/06.md index a061306b04..eb816587ad 100644 --- a/mic/06/06.md +++ b/mic/06/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What should I bring to Yahweh ... God on high? Should I come ... old? Micah speaks as if he were a person who truly wanted to know what God expects him to do. Possible meanings are 1) he asks questions and then in verse 8 answers the questions he has asked or 2) he is using questions to teach the people. Alternate translation: "I know that I do not need to bring to Yahweh ... God on high or to come ... old." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mic/06/07.md b/mic/06/07.md index b545a5a59a..68b028449a 100644 --- a/mic/06/07.md +++ b/mic/06/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Micah continues to speaks as if he were a person who truly wanted to know what G # the sin of my soul The soul is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "my sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mic/06/08.md b/mic/06/08.md index edcbf2f071..df64de8754 100644 --- a/mic/06/08.md +++ b/mic/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Many modern translations read, "good. And what does Yahweh require from you? He # love kindness The abstract noun "kindness" can be translated using the adjective "kind." Alternate translation: "love being kind to people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mic/06/09.md b/mic/06/09.md index ad8ca5dcba..b891232f8b 100644 --- a/mic/06/09.md +++ b/mic/06/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Wisdom is spoken of as a person and is a metonym for the wise person. The word " # Listen to the rod, and to the one who has put it in place Here "rod" refers to the enemy army with which Yahweh, who "has put it in place," will discipline his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/06/10.md b/mic/06/10.md index ad8d8b5a00..eeb4869ca7 100644 --- a/mic/06/10.md +++ b/mic/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Dishonest wealth is a metonym for wealth that people have gained by acting disho # false measures incorrect weights that people use with scales to increase their wealth by deceiving those with whom they trade - diff --git a/mic/06/11.md b/mic/06/11.md index 8fd3e7af53..c4a4240f49 100644 --- a/mic/06/11.md +++ b/mic/06/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I certainly will # deceptive weights weights with which sellers deceive buyers - diff --git a/mic/06/12.md b/mic/06/12.md index 55bd5e987d..e0caffee5c 100644 --- a/mic/06/12.md +++ b/mic/06/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Rich men are spoken of as if they were containers, and people treating each othe # their tongue in their mouth is deceitful The tongue is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "Everything they say is a lie" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mic/06/13.md b/mic/06/13.md index 2f148de167..253bc80894 100644 --- a/mic/06/13.md +++ b/mic/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # striking you down, making you desolate "killing all of you until there is no one left" - diff --git a/mic/06/14.md b/mic/06/14.md index ed7cdb2466..ffd6c4ae05 100644 --- a/mic/06/14.md +++ b/mic/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your emptiness will remain inside you A person or thing being hungry is spoken of as if it were something that could be put in a container, and the people are spoken of as if they were containers. Alternate translation: "You will be hungry, and you will not be able to eat enough to satisfy yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/06/15.md b/mic/06/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mic/06/15.md +++ b/mic/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mic/06/16.md b/mic/06/16.md index 7f41bef9ae..8dfc16f044 100644 --- a/mic/06/16.md +++ b/mic/06/16.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. -# You have observed the statutes of Omri, and all the works of the house of Ahab. +# You have observed the statutes of Omri, and all the works of the house of Ahab. "You have done what Omri commanded and everything that the house of Ahab did. @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Micah speaks to the people of the city, who can hear him, as if he were speaking # you will bear the scorn of my people "you will suffer because my people will insult you" - diff --git a/mic/06/intro.md b/mic/06/intro.md index 76d6ec5a46..f8fc6df335 100644 --- a/mic/06/intro.md +++ b/mic/06/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ # Micah 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is written as a court case or lawsuit by Yahweh against his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Names in Lawsuit -Moses, Aaron and Miriam are mentioned as witnesses for Yahweh and against Israel. +### Names in Lawsuit + +Moses, Aaron and Miriam are mentioned as witnesses for Yahweh and against Israel. Ahab and Omri are mentioned as kings who were evil and did not follow Yahweh. Obedience to the law of Moses is contrasted with disobedience to the law. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +16,3 @@ Ahab and Omri are mentioned as kings who were evil and did not follow Yahweh. Ob * __[Micah 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mic/07/01.md b/mic/07/01.md index f00415bebc..9fb5e2f6d9 100644 --- a/mic/07/01.md +++ b/mic/07/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Micah speaks of looking for faithful people but being unable to find any as if h # no grape cluster ... no ripe early fig Micah speaks of faithful, upright people as if they were fruit that is good to eat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/02.md b/mic/07/02.md index ff2ccf5c8a..2287a921bb 100644 --- a/mic/07/02.md +++ b/mic/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are exaggerations. Alternate translation: "I feel as though faithful peopl # to shed blood Blood is a metaphor for the death of innocent people. Alternate translation: "to kill innocent people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/03.md b/mic/07/03.md index 92f294cc3e..2667153f32 100644 --- a/mic/07/03.md +++ b/mic/07/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The hand is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "The people are # telling others of the desire of his soul The word "soul" here is a metonym for the whole person, and the abstract noun "desire" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "speaking to others about what he desires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/04.md b/mic/07/04.md index 97deb01234..3086c8c348 100644 --- a/mic/07/04.md +++ b/mic/07/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Micah speaks to the people of Israel, so both instances of "your" are plural. Th # Now is the time of their confusion The abstract noun "confusion" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Now is when they do not understand what is happening" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/05.md b/mic/07/05.md index 209618df2f..b960bfd9cd 100644 --- a/mic/07/05.md +++ b/mic/07/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Micah continues to show that there is no longer anyone good, honest, and loyal t # guard the entrance to your mouth "guard your lips" or "do not say anything" or "do not let any words escape" - diff --git a/mic/07/06.md b/mic/07/06.md index 77e6f19d39..e4b6be1723 100644 --- a/mic/07/06.md +++ b/mic/07/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "rises up" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeat # his own house The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate translation: "his own family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/07.md b/mic/07/07.md index 405e1f8586..22e0e63a6a 100644 --- a/mic/07/07.md +++ b/mic/07/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation # will hear me The word "hear" represents hearing and acting. Alternate translation: "will act to help me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/08.md b/mic/07/08.md index 18ebc78259..1aee4ab783 100644 --- a/mic/07/08.md +++ b/mic/07/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words are metaphors for suffering from disaster and then recovering. (See: # sit in darkness These words are a metaphor for suffering from disaster. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/09.md b/mic/07/09.md index affd58fbc1..e127ae7ddc 100644 --- a/mic/07/09.md +++ b/mic/07/09.md @@ -21,5 +21,3 @@ Yahweh is spoken of as if he were defending Micah in court. Alternate translatio # He will bring me to the light Bringing Micah from darkness ([Micah 7:8](../07/08.md)) to light is a metaphor for ending the suffering from disaster and enabling him to live well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - - diff --git a/mic/07/10.md b/mic/07/10.md index f715760932..e4914a7f5a 100644 --- a/mic/07/10.md +++ b/mic/07/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "her enemies will tram # like the mud in the streets People who walk on mud without thinking they are doing anything bad are compared with those who will destroy Israel's enemies without thinking they are doing anything evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/11.md b/mic/07/11.md index 1f555ac493..8382d91aa6 100644 --- a/mic/07/11.md +++ b/mic/07/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "walls" refers to the walls around their cities, which provided safety and # the boundaries will be extended very far This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will greatly extend the boundaries of your land" or "Yahweh will greatly increase the size of your kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/12.md b/mic/07/12.md index 9d43796201..50081694a9 100644 --- a/mic/07/12.md +++ b/mic/07/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit the names of the seas. "from the Mediterranean Sea # from mountain to mountain "from one mountain to another." Micah does not speak of any particular mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/13.md b/mic/07/13.md index a94ad49e02..b97d9b088c 100644 --- a/mic/07/13.md +++ b/mic/07/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because of the fruit of their actions Fruit is a metaphor for the results of an earlier action. Alternate translation: "because of the results of what they have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/14.md b/mic/07/14.md index b3a8780577..9512c68a0f 100644 --- a/mic/07/14.md +++ b/mic/07/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These regions are known as rich land for growing food. # as in the old days Bashan and Gilead had been part of Israel long ago, when David was king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/15.md b/mic/07/15.md index 217660ebb7..478b1528c1 100644 --- a/mic/07/15.md +++ b/mic/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As in the days ... them wonders Yahweh speaks to the people. - diff --git a/mic/07/16.md b/mic/07/16.md index ae0c73459b..047669bc8b 100644 --- a/mic/07/16.md +++ b/mic/07/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They do this to show that they are ashamed of what they have done. (See: [[rc:// # their ears will be deaf This is an idiom. Nothing anyone says will have any effect on them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/17.md b/mic/07/17.md index 5016dde482..4b5b1303d1 100644 --- a/mic/07/17.md +++ b/mic/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Snakes slither on the ground where dust gets on them, and here the people are be # their fortresses Some modern translations read, "their dens," continuing the simile of the nations ([Micah 7:16](./16.md)) being like "a snake" and "creatures that crawl" with animal dens as a metaphor for the people's fortresses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/18.md b/mic/07/18.md index 36c8a57de9..8ea16d2086 100644 --- a/mic/07/18.md +++ b/mic/07/18.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ ignores # does not keep his anger "does not stay angry" - diff --git a/mic/07/19.md b/mic/07/19.md index 1972792e7e..384d6433dc 100644 --- a/mic/07/19.md +++ b/mic/07/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "us" refers to Micah and the people, but not to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # you will trample our iniquities under your feet. You will throw all our sins into the depths of the sea Iniquity and sin are spoken of as if they were solid objects. Alternate translation: "You will treat our iniquities and sins as if they were not important" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/20.md b/mic/07/20.md index 2295697cfc..8f5183e7f3 100644 --- a/mic/07/20.md +++ b/mic/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will give truth to Jacob and covenant faithfulness to Abraham Here the names of Jacob and Abraham are metonyms for their descendants, the people of Israel to whom Micah was speaking. The abstract nouns "truth" and "faithfulness" can be stated as "trustworthy" and "faithful." Alternate translation: "You will show the descendants of Jacob and Abraham that your are trustworthy and faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/mic/07/intro.md b/mic/07/intro.md index cc84064e66..9884ffbf07 100644 --- a/mic/07/intro.md +++ b/mic/07/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Micah 07 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Last days -#### Last days This chapter looks forward to the hope of the coming savior for the faithful remnant. This is the future restoration of Israel when true peace will come. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/savior]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) -#### Prophet +### Prophet + The prophet was able to speak to God on behalf of the people. Often in this chapter, the prophet speaks in Israel's place and offers repentance to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ The prophet was able to speak to God on behalf of the people. Often in this chap * __[Micah 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/mic/front/intro.md b/mic/front/intro.md index 2bda4809be..9656501c33 100644 --- a/mic/front/intro.md +++ b/mic/front/intro.md @@ -6,26 +6,33 @@ 1. God promises to punish the northern and southern kingdoms (1:1–16) 1. Those who take advantage of others are guilty (2:1-3:12) - - Rich people who oppress poor people (2:1–11) - - Promise to be delivered and restored (2:12–13) - - Rulers, priests, and prophets condemned (3:1–12) + + - Rich people who oppress poor people (2:1–11) + - Promise to be delivered and restored (2:12–13) + - Rulers, priests, and prophets condemned (3:1–12) + 1. Yahweh's victory for all Israel (4:1-5:15) - - Yahweh will rule over all the nations (4:1–10) - - Israel will be destroyed, then will be victorious over its enemies (4:11–13) - - Messiah will shepherd his flock and devastate the nations who fought against him (5:1–6) - - Messiah will destroy everything that harmed his people (5:7–15) + + - Yahweh will rule over all the nations (4:1–10) + - Israel will be destroyed, then will be victorious over its enemies (4:11–13) + - Messiah will shepherd his flock and devastate the nations who fought against him (5:1–6) + - Messiah will destroy everything that harmed his people (5:7–15) + 1. Yahweh's case against Israel (6:1-16) - - Yahweh reminds Israel when he led them out of slavery in Egypt (6:1–5) - - Israel punished; true repentance (6:6–16) + + - Yahweh reminds Israel when he led them out of slavery in Egypt (6:1–5) + - Israel punished; true repentance (6:6–16) + 1. Israel miserable and Israel restored (7:1-20) - - Israel broken and miserable (7:1–7) - - Israel will rise again (7:8–13) - - Yahweh restores and gives grace (7:14–20) + + - Israel broken and miserable (7:1–7) + - Israel will rise again (7:8–13) + - Yahweh restores and gives grace (7:14–20) ### What is the Book of Micah about? This book contains many of Micah's prophecies. Micah repeated many similar prophecies as found in Isaiah. Micah warned the kingdoms of Israel and Judah that the Assyrians would soon attack them. Micah condemned those who acted unjustly and immorally. He spoke against those who did not work for a living. He also spoke against the false prophets in Israel and Judah. These false prophets were telling the people that Yahweh would never let a foreign kingdom harm or conquer them. - + Micah called the people to please Yahweh by living righteous and holy lives. However, the sinful way they lived and the unjust way they treated their fellow countrymen proved that they no longer wanted to obey and honor Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -34,7 +41,7 @@ Translators may decide to translate the traditional title "The Book of Micah" or ### Who wrote Micah? -The prophet Micah probably wrote this book. Micah lived at the same time as Isaiah and Hosea. This was sometime between 750 and 700 B.C., during the reigns of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah. He began prophesying when he lived in the northern kingdom of Israel. Then he moved to the kingdom of Judah. +The prophet Micah probably wrote this book. Micah lived at the same time as Isaiah and Hosea. This was sometime between 750 and 700 B.C., during the reigns of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah. He began prophesying when he lived in the northern kingdom of Israel. Then he moved to the kingdom of Judah. ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts @@ -44,7 +51,7 @@ Micah frequently mentioned a king who would deliver the people. It is clear that ### Were the Israelites required to offer sacrifices or live holy lives to please Yahweh? -Many of the Old Testament writers were concerned with offering sacrifices according to the law of Moses. However, Micah explained to the people that Yahweh was pleased only when they offered these sacrifices in faith. Without faith, the sacrifices had no meaning. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) +Many of the Old Testament writers were concerned with offering sacrifices according to the law of Moses. However, Micah explained to the people that Yahweh was pleased only when they offered these sacrifices in faith. Without faith, the sacrifices had no meaning. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues @@ -57,10 +64,9 @@ This passage sounds unusual because of how it is constructed in Hebrew. It inclu Micah did not often explain how his prophecies were historically situated. This may result in the translator failing to understand implicit information unless they understand Micah's time. It is therefore suggested that translators understand well the history of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ### How do I translate passages where the speaker or addressee is not mentioned explicitly? - + Micah did not usually say who was speaking or who was being addressed. Reading the verses before and after the quote will often help the reader to understand who is speaking or being addressed. It is acceptable to make this information explicit so the reader can more easily understand it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ### How should the text of Micah be formatted? The ULB uses a poetic language style like the Hebrew text. Many languages can do this but some languages will not be able to do this. The ULB also sets apart the poetic portions of the text by setting the poetic lines farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. With the exception of the first verse, the entire book is indented because the prophecies were written as a series of poems. - diff --git a/mrk/01/01.md b/mrk/01/01.md index bdce90dfcf..50cf933a29 100644 --- a/mrk/01/01.md +++ b/mrk/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author of this book is Mark, also called John Mark. He was the son of one of # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/02.md b/mrk/01/02.md index c43765a0ee..0770e36e5e 100644 --- a/mrk/01/02.md +++ b/mrk/01/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the messenger. # will prepare your way Doing this represents preparing the people for the Lord's arrival. Alternate translation: "will prepare the people for your arrival" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/03.md b/mrk/01/03.md index f61e8ed89a..3fa1cbdc59 100644 --- a/mrk/01/03.md +++ b/mrk/01/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paralleli # Make ready the way of the Lord "Get the road ready for the Lord." Doing this represents being prepared to hear the Lord's message when he comes. Alternate translation: "Prepare yourselves for the Lord to come" or "Be ready for the Lord when he comes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/04.md b/mrk/01/04.md index e4c2bb9705..3bd34fdfb7 100644 --- a/mrk/01/04.md +++ b/mrk/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The events in Mark 1:4-15 are a fulfillment of what Isaiah had prophesied. John # John came Translators can make it explicit that John's coming was a fulfillment of Isaiah's prophecy. Alternate translation: "So John came" or "In fulfillment of that prophecy, John came" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/05.md b/mrk/01/05.md index b63914c64d..3b1a2c0e51 100644 --- a/mrk/01/05.md +++ b/mrk/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "The whole country" are a metonym for the people who live in the count # They were baptized by him in the Jordan River, confessing their sins They did these things at the same time. The people were baptized because they repented of their sins. Alternate translation: "When they repented of their sins, John baptized them in the Jordan River" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/06.md b/mrk/01/06.md index 5fc79c0ebd..5063f6bd2b 100644 --- a/mrk/01/06.md +++ b/mrk/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he ate locusts and wild honey Locusts and wild honey were foods that John could find in the wilderness. Wild honey is honey that wild bees make. - diff --git a/mrk/01/07.md b/mrk/01/07.md index 118fede9c4..ccdd4baa87 100644 --- a/mrk/01/07.md +++ b/mrk/01/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People often wore sandals that were made of leather and were tied to their feet # stoop down "bend down" - diff --git a/mrk/01/08.md b/mrk/01/08.md index 79e7079c19..e55dbb1b3f 100644 --- a/mrk/01/08.md +++ b/mrk/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit John was contrasting how he was purifying people with water with how the one to come would purify people with the Holy Spirit. To baptize with the Holy Spirit is a metaphor meaning that that person would send the Holy Spirit to purify people. The Holy Spirit would then live in them and empower them to stop sinning and to obey God. If possible, use the same word for "baptize" here as you used for John's baptism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/09.md b/mrk/01/09.md index 22a9fc62d8..2987cf035a 100644 --- a/mrk/01/09.md +++ b/mrk/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This marks the beginning of a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # he was baptized by John This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "John baptized him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/10.md b/mrk/01/10.md index 4cf9e0ad90..34fe2ace3a 100644 --- a/mrk/01/10.md +++ b/mrk/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Spirit coming down on him like a dove Possible meanings are 1) this is a simile, and the Spirit descended upon Jesus as a bird descends from the sky toward the ground or 2) the Spirit literally looked like a dove as he descended upon Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/11.md b/mrk/01/11.md index 07dcd63ff0..aefceeb8a1 100644 --- a/mrk/01/11.md +++ b/mrk/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents God speaking. Sometimes people avoid referring directly to God b # beloved Son This is an important title for Jesus. The Father calls Jesus his "beloved Son" because of his eternal love for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/12.md b/mrk/01/12.md index cb9c717322..3a095c63e5 100644 --- a/mrk/01/12.md +++ b/mrk/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ After Jesus's baptism, he is in the wilderness for 40 days and then goes to Gali # compelled him to go out "forced Jesus to go out" - diff --git a/mrk/01/13.md b/mrk/01/13.md index 36a76abac1..1a2f78aae6 100644 --- a/mrk/01/13.md +++ b/mrk/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # He was with "He was among" - diff --git a/mrk/01/14.md b/mrk/01/14.md index b81ce71cf7..54801e526e 100644 --- a/mrk/01/14.md +++ b/mrk/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # proclaiming the gospel "telling many people about the good news" - diff --git a/mrk/01/15.md b/mrk/01/15.md index e5d9606e61..00720bf118 100644 --- a/mrk/01/15.md +++ b/mrk/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the kingdom of God is near Possible meanings are 1) God was beginning to rule. Alternate translation: "God is beginning to rule over all" or 2) God would soon rule over all. Alternate translation: "God is about to rule over all" - diff --git a/mrk/01/16.md b/mrk/01/16.md index 542768619c..32666e7492 100644 --- a/mrk/01/16.md +++ b/mrk/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # casting a net in the sea The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "throwing a net into the water to catch fish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/17.md b/mrk/01/17.md index 1b5199b26e..55068567d6 100644 --- a/mrk/01/17.md +++ b/mrk/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor means Simon and Andrew will teach people God's true message, so ot # men human beings, persons, people, not specifically males - diff --git a/mrk/01/18.md b/mrk/01/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/01/18.md +++ b/mrk/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/01/19.md b/mrk/01/19.md index 620c1cbcd6..5449ad2d20 100644 --- a/mrk/01/19.md +++ b/mrk/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was probably James and John's boat. # mending the nets "repairing the nets" - diff --git a/mrk/01/20.md b/mrk/01/20.md index 63e99cd7ed..856b51ab84 100644 --- a/mrk/01/20.md +++ b/mrk/01/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be helpful to state clearly why Jesus called to James and John. Alternate # they followed him James and John went with Jesus. - diff --git a/mrk/01/21.md b/mrk/01/21.md index 6ae87b9b41..3527409e6e 100644 --- a/mrk/01/21.md +++ b/mrk/01/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus teaches in the synagogue of the town of Capernaum on the Sabbath. By sendi # came into Capernaum "arrived at Capernaum" - diff --git a/mrk/01/22.md b/mrk/01/22.md index 6a50603d33..5819ad8053 100644 --- a/mrk/01/22.md +++ b/mrk/01/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for he was teaching them as someone who has authority and not as the scribes The idea of "teach" can be stated clearly when talking about "someone who has authority" and "the scribes." Alternate translation: "for he was teaching them as someone who has authority teaches and not as the scribes teach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/23.md b/mrk/01/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/01/23.md +++ b/mrk/01/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/01/24.md b/mrk/01/24.md index fe88975dca..54b0a6c0c6 100644 --- a/mrk/01/24.md +++ b/mrk/01/24.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ The demon asked this rhetorical question meaning that there was no reason for Jesus to interfere with him or any other demon. Alternate translation: "Jesus of Nazareth, leave us alone! There is no reason for you to interfere with us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) # we ... us + These pronouns are exclusive. They refer to the demon inside the man and all other demons, but do not include the listener. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) # Have you come to destroy us? The demon asked this rhetorical question to urge Jesus not to harm him or any other demon. Alternate translation: "Do not destroy us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/25.md b/mrk/01/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/01/25.md +++ b/mrk/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/01/26.md b/mrk/01/26.md index a72b278b3c..532ae304e6 100644 --- a/mrk/01/26.md +++ b/mrk/01/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "him" refers to the demon-possessed man. # and went out from him while crying out with a loud voice "and cried out with a loud voice as it went out from him" - diff --git a/mrk/01/27.md b/mrk/01/27.md index da58262491..28404861cf 100644 --- a/mrk/01/27.md +++ b/mrk/01/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people used this exclamation to express their amazement at Jesus' teaching. # He even commands the unclean spirits and they obey him! This was evidence of Jesus' authority. - diff --git a/mrk/01/28.md b/mrk/01/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/01/28.md +++ b/mrk/01/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/01/29.md b/mrk/01/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/01/29.md +++ b/mrk/01/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/01/30.md b/mrk/01/30.md index 0448836eb1..b75d212bb1 100644 --- a/mrk/01/30.md +++ b/mrk/01/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Simon's mother-in-law was lying sick with a fever The word "Now" marks a pause in the story. In this sentence, Mark introduces Simon's mother-in-law to the story and gives background information about her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/31.md b/mrk/01/31.md index 7fa1faaa6c..1119cff35b 100644 --- a/mrk/01/31.md +++ b/mrk/01/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may want to make explicit who healed her. Alternate translation: "Jesus heal # she started serving them You may want to make explicit that she served food. Alternate translation: "she provided them with food and drinks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/32.md b/mrk/01/32.md index e2ac19e023..cd6fdfd5ae 100644 --- a/mrk/01/32.md +++ b/mrk/01/32.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # they brought to him + "the people brought to Jesus" # all who were sick or possessed by demons The word "all" is an exaggeration to emphasize the great number of people who came. Alternate translation: "many who were sick or possessed by demons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/33.md b/mrk/01/33.md index df668b82a7..71170aebc7 100644 --- a/mrk/01/33.md +++ b/mrk/01/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The whole city gathered together at the door The word "city" is a metonym for the people who lived in the city. Here the word "whole" is probably a generalization to emphasize that most people from the city gathered. Alternate translation: "Many people from that city gathered outside the door" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/34.md b/mrk/01/34.md index 1a49ec83f9..64e39d60d4 100644 --- a/mrk/01/34.md +++ b/mrk/01/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He healed "Jesus healed" - diff --git a/mrk/01/35.md b/mrk/01/35.md index 518abeb27c..d2d70eced7 100644 --- a/mrk/01/35.md +++ b/mrk/01/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus takes time to pray in the midst of his time of healing people. He then goe # a solitary place "a place where he could be alone" - diff --git a/mrk/01/36.md b/mrk/01/36.md index ec42981e42..947ffceddf 100644 --- a/mrk/01/36.md +++ b/mrk/01/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Simon and those who were with him Here "him" refers to Simon. Also, those with him include Andrew, James, John, and possibly other people. - diff --git a/mrk/01/37.md b/mrk/01/37.md index 23f03b9d2e..c0108d75ba 100644 --- a/mrk/01/37.md +++ b/mrk/01/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Everyone is looking for you The word "Everyone" is an exaggeration to emphasize that many people were looking for Jesus. Alternate translation: "Many people are looking for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/38.md b/mrk/01/38.md index d6c663d973..e84a6ecb61 100644 --- a/mrk/01/38.md +++ b/mrk/01/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "he" and "I" refer to Jesus. # Let us go elsewhere "We need to go to some other place." Here Jesus uses the word "us" to refer to himself, along with Simon, Andrew, James, and John. - diff --git a/mrk/01/39.md b/mrk/01/39.md index 2ae5636c5d..f1ed914c3f 100644 --- a/mrk/01/39.md +++ b/mrk/01/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He went throughout all of Galilee The words "throughout all" are an exaggeration used to emphasize that Jesus went to many locations during his ministry. Alternate translation: "He went to many places in Galilee" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/40.md b/mrk/01/40.md index 13ee33e34c..8287e31e78 100644 --- a/mrk/01/40.md +++ b/mrk/01/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In the first phrase, the words "to make me clean" are understood because of the # you can make me clean In biblical times, a person who had any of certain skin diseases was considered unclean until his skin had healed enough that he was no longer contagious. Alternate translation: "you can heal me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/41.md b/mrk/01/41.md index 6e9d37f19b..a4ccf05999 100644 --- a/mrk/01/41.md +++ b/mrk/01/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "moved" is an idiom meaning to feel emotion about another's need. # I am willing It may be helpful to state what Jesus is willing to do. Alternate translation: "I am willing to make you clean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/42.md b/mrk/01/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/01/42.md +++ b/mrk/01/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/01/43.md b/mrk/01/43.md index 64d9024092..8c75db484c 100644 --- a/mrk/01/43.md +++ b/mrk/01/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The word "him" used here refers to the leper whom Jesus healed. - diff --git a/mrk/01/44.md b/mrk/01/44.md index 88ef6944e7..19f14c99de 100644 --- a/mrk/01/44.md +++ b/mrk/01/44.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "yourself" here represents the skin of the leper. Alternate translation # a testimony to them It is best to use the pronoun "them," if possible, in your language. Possible meanings are 1) "a testimony to the priests" or 2) "a testimony to the people." - diff --git a/mrk/01/45.md b/mrk/01/45.md index f4ed8df1c3..23a7b47ee8 100644 --- a/mrk/01/45.md +++ b/mrk/01/45.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This was the result of the man spreading the news so much. Here "openly" is a me # from everywhere The word "everywhere" is a hyperbole used to emphasize how very many places the people came from. Alternate translation: "from all over the region" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mrk/01/intro.md b/mrk/01/intro.md index 1d6d316351..a78df344e7 100644 --- a/mrk/01/intro.md +++ b/mrk/01/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,25 @@ # Mark 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:2-3, which is a quotation from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "You can make me clean" -#### "You can make me clean" Leprosy was a disease of the skin that made a person unclean and unable to properly worship God. Jesus is capable of making people physically "clean" or healthy as well as spiritually "clean" or right with God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) -#### Prophecy +### Prophecy + Mark begins this book about Jesus Christ with the words that the prophet Isaiah wrote long before that time. Then he tells how John the Baptist and Jesus Christ fulfilled that prophecy. -#### Repentance +### Repentance + Repent means stop sinning. John the Baptist taught people to repent so that God would forgive their sins. Jesus taught people to repent and to believe the good news about the kingdom of God. -#### The work of Jesus +### The work of Jesus + Jesus went around preaching the good news of God, casting demons out of people, and healing people who were sick. ## Links: @@ -24,4 +28,3 @@ Jesus went around preaching the good news of God, casting demons out of people, * __[Mark intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/02/01.md b/mrk/02/01.md index ea3fbc30d5..7ffea8556b 100644 --- a/mrk/02/01.md +++ b/mrk/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ After preaching and healing people throughout Galilee, Jesus returns to Capernau # it was heard that he was at home This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people there heard that he was staying at his home" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/02.md b/mrk/02/02.md index b8f2be5b57..0faf81b9e1 100644 --- a/mrk/02/02.md +++ b/mrk/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to there being no space inside the house. Alternate translation: "th # he spoke the word to them "Jesus spoke his message to them" - diff --git a/mrk/02/03.md b/mrk/02/03.md index 632b2e0702..c698063d45 100644 --- a/mrk/02/03.md +++ b/mrk/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # were bringing a paralyzed man "were bringing a man who was unable to walk or use his arms" - diff --git a/mrk/02/04.md b/mrk/02/04.md index 43e407cce1..e1987d4324 100644 --- a/mrk/02/04.md +++ b/mrk/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they removed the roof that was above Jesus, and after they made an opening, they lowered the mat the paralyzed man was lying on Houses where Jesus lived had flat roofs made of clay and covered with tiles. Alternate translation: "they removed the tiles from the part of the roof above where Jesus was. And when they had dug through the clay roof, they lowered the mat the paralzyed man was lying on" or "they made a hole in the roof above Jesus, and then they lowered the paralyzed man on the mat" - diff --git a/mrk/02/05.md b/mrk/02/05.md index e2cf70e462..b29be8dc90 100644 --- a/mrk/02/05.md +++ b/mrk/02/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "Son" here shows Jesus cared for the man as a father cares for a son. A # your sins are forgiven Jesus did not clearly say who was forgiving the man's sins. Alternate translation: "your sins are gone" or "you do not have to pay for your sins" or "your sins do not count against you" - diff --git a/mrk/02/06.md b/mrk/02/06.md index d37a43ef06..9c3ed70cef 100644 --- a/mrk/02/06.md +++ b/mrk/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reasoned in their hearts Here "their hearts" is a metonym for the people's thoughts. Alternate translation: "were thinking to themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/07.md b/mrk/02/07.md index 95234dd776..97a13ea757 100644 --- a/mrk/02/07.md +++ b/mrk/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The scribes used this question to show their anger that Jesus said "Your sins ar # Who can forgive sins but God alone? The scribes used this question to say that since only God can forgive sins, then Jesus should not say "Your sins are forgiven." Alternate translation: "Only God can forgive sins!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/08.md b/mrk/02/08.md index ebf12b891e..c41c602371 100644 --- a/mrk/02/08.md +++ b/mrk/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to tell the scribes that what they are thinking is wron # this in your hearts The word "hearts" is a metonym for their inner thoughts and desires. Alternate translation: "this inside yourselves" or "these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/09.md b/mrk/02/09.md index 400b2a2faf..d8320d020f 100644 --- a/mrk/02/09.md +++ b/mrk/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Which is easier, to say to the paralyzed man, ... take up your mat and walk'? Jesus uses this question to make the scribes think about what might prove whether or not he could really forgive sins. Alternate translation: "I just said to the paralyzed man, 'Your sins are forgiven.' You may think that it is harder to say 'Get up, take up your mat and walk,' because the proof of whether or not I can heal him will be shown by whether or not he gets up and walks." or "You may think that it is easier to say to the paralyzed man 'Your sins are forgiven' than it is to say 'Get up, take up your mat and walk.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/10.md b/mrk/02/10.md index 6f113627e2..d9efb64aec 100644 --- a/mrk/02/10.md +++ b/mrk/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that the Son of Man has authority Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man." Alternate translation: "that I am the Son of Man and I have authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/11.md b/mrk/02/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/02/11.md +++ b/mrk/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/02/12.md b/mrk/02/12.md index 3024137b52..03b0121160 100644 --- a/mrk/02/12.md +++ b/mrk/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in front of everyone "while all the people there were watching" - diff --git a/mrk/02/13.md b/mrk/02/13.md index e626fef6e8..edcecf7114 100644 --- a/mrk/02/13.md +++ b/mrk/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the Sea of Galilee, which is also known as the Lake of Gennesaret. # the crowd came to him "the people went where he was" - diff --git a/mrk/02/14.md b/mrk/02/14.md index 20b4709686..feb43d05b3 100644 --- a/mrk/02/14.md +++ b/mrk/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Alpheus was Levi's father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the tax collector's tent We do not know what kind of a structure this was or what it was made of. It may have been a tent or booth. It probably included a table and some kind of protection from sun and rain. - diff --git a/mrk/02/15.md b/mrk/02/15.md index edbea03546..4c70f54e9a 100644 --- a/mrk/02/15.md +++ b/mrk/02/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In this verse, the word "sinners" refers to people who did not obey the law of M # for there were many and they followed him Possible meanings are 1) "for there were many tax collectors and sinful people who followed Jesus" or 2) "for Jesus had many disciples and they followed him." - diff --git a/mrk/02/16.md b/mrk/02/16.md index e13b535bf4..c117513ca9 100644 --- a/mrk/02/16.md +++ b/mrk/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why does he eat with tax collectors and sinners? The scribes and Pharisees asked this question to show they disapproved of Jesus's hospitality. This can be worded as a statement. Alternate translation: "He should not eat with tax collectors and sinners!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/17.md b/mrk/02/17.md index 4a467da7f1..b80cf1ab07 100644 --- a/mrk/02/17.md +++ b/mrk/02/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus expects his hearers to understand he came for those who want help. Alterna # but sinners The words "I came to call" are understood from the phrase before this. Alternate translation: "but I came to call sinners" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/18.md b/mrk/02/18.md index 3e60fe33ed..fdd67eafa6 100644 --- a/mrk/02/18.md +++ b/mrk/02/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases refer to the same group of people, but the second is more spec # came and said to him "came and said to Jesus" - diff --git a/mrk/02/19.md b/mrk/02/19.md index 2e93832dd8..16b03d4d08 100644 --- a/mrk/02/19.md +++ b/mrk/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Can the wedding attendants fast while the bridegroom is still with them? Jesus uses this question to remind the people of something they already know and to encourage them to apply it to him and his disciples. Alternate translation: "Wedding attendants do not fast while the bridegroom is with them. Rather they celebrate and feast." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/20.md b/mrk/02/20.md index 3b10fba889..93c1ae4de3 100644 --- a/mrk/02/20.md +++ b/mrk/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the bridegroom will g # away from them ... they will fast The words "them" and "they" refer to the wedding attendants. - diff --git a/mrk/02/21.md b/mrk/02/21.md index be23b114f4..d0bbcc3fc6 100644 --- a/mrk/02/21.md +++ b/mrk/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No one sews a piece of new cloth on an old garment Sewing a piece of new cloth on an old garment will make the hole on an old garment worse if the piece of new cloth has not yet shrunk. Both the new cloth and old garment will be ruined. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/22.md b/mrk/02/22.md index afdd3df6a0..0d8094dd97 100644 --- a/mrk/02/22.md +++ b/mrk/02/22.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ New wine expands as it ferments. If it is put in new wineskins, the wineskins wi # fresh wineskins "new wineskins" or "new wine bags." This refers to wineskins that have never been used. - diff --git a/mrk/02/23.md b/mrk/02/23.md index b70dae36ed..f2124291fc 100644 --- a/mrk/02/23.md +++ b/mrk/02/23.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ The "heads" are the topmost part of the wheat plant, which is a kind of tall gra # as they made their way -"as they walked along" \ No newline at end of file +"as they walked along" diff --git a/mrk/02/24.md b/mrk/02/24.md index 6cbed1167b..a03811cb8c 100644 --- a/mrk/02/24.md +++ b/mrk/02/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Pharisees ask Jesus a question to condemn him. This can be translated as a s # Look "Look at this" or "Listen." This is a word used to get the attention of someone to show them something. If there is a word in your language that is used to draw a person's attention to something, you could use that here. - diff --git a/mrk/02/25.md b/mrk/02/25.md index 8ee03cafc0..99d51b3232 100644 --- a/mrk/02/25.md +++ b/mrk/02/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This question ends in 2:26. Jesus is reminding the scribes and Pharisees of some # read what David did Jesus refers to reading about David in the Old Testament. This can be translated showing the implicit information. Alternate translation: "read in the scriptures what David did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/26.md b/mrk/02/26.md index 4c57a2a8a5..09bc9d1edb 100644 --- a/mrk/02/26.md +++ b/mrk/02/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "he" refers to David. # the bread of the presence This refers to the twelve loaves of bread that were placed on a golden table in the tabernacle or temple building as a sacrifice to God. - diff --git a/mrk/02/27.md b/mrk/02/27.md index 9d705009ba..52cb93260d 100644 --- a/mrk/02/27.md +++ b/mrk/02/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus makes clear why God established the Sabbath. This can be stated in active # not mankind for the Sabbath The words "was made" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "mankind was not made for the Sabbath" or "God did not make mankind for the Sabbath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/02/28.md b/mrk/02/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/02/28.md +++ b/mrk/02/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/02/intro.md b/mrk/02/intro.md index 5a04c26a8e..dc4231f1e9 100644 --- a/mrk/02/intro.md +++ b/mrk/02/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Mark 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Sinners" +### "Sinners" When the people of Jesus's time spoke of "sinners," they were talking about people who did not obey the law of Moses and instead committed sins like stealing or sexual sins. When Jesus said that he came to call "sinners," he meant that only people who believe that they are sinners can be his followers. This is true even if they are not what most people think of as "sinners." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Fasting and Feasting +### Fasting and Feasting People would fast, or not eat food for a long time, when they were sad or were showing God that they were sorry for their sins. When they were happy, like during weddings, they would have feasts, or meals where they would eat much food. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fast]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical Questions +### Rhetorical Questions The Jewish leaders used rhetorical questions to show that they were angry because of what Jesus said and did and that they did not believe that he was God's Son ([Mark 2:7](../../mrk/02/07.md)). Jesus used them to show the Jewish leaders that they were arrogant ([Mark 2:25-26](./25.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The Jewish leaders used rhetorical questions to show that they were angry becaus * __[Mark 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/03/01.md b/mrk/03/01.md index 815b5f4f96..5c145c525d 100644 --- a/mrk/03/01.md +++ b/mrk/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus heals a man on the Sabbath in the synagogue and shows how he feels about w # a man with a withered hand "a man with a crippled hand" - diff --git a/mrk/03/02.md b/mrk/03/02.md index ea27ddb834..9a270f623f 100644 --- a/mrk/03/02.md +++ b/mrk/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # so that they could accuse him If Jesus were to heal the man that day, the Pharisees would accuse him of breaking the law by working on the Sabbath. Alternate translation: "so that they could accuse him of wrongdoing" or "so that they could accuse him of breaking the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/03.md b/mrk/03/03.md index 8412ec685e..d5dff72554 100644 --- a/mrk/03/03.md +++ b/mrk/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the middle of everyone "in the middle of this crowd" - diff --git a/mrk/03/04.md b/mrk/03/04.md index 4c10af8ca3..ad5f1b936b 100644 --- a/mrk/03/04.md +++ b/mrk/03/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It may be helpful to repeat "is it lawful," as that is the question Jesus is ask # But they were silent "But they refused to answer him" - diff --git a/mrk/03/05.md b/mrk/03/05.md index 3e420e3daf..cdcaa7c3d4 100644 --- a/mrk/03/05.md +++ b/mrk/03/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This metaphor describes how the Pharisees were unwilling to have compassion on t # his hand was restored This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus restored his hand" or "Jesus made his hand the way it was before" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/06.md b/mrk/03/06.md index 166574c17f..fb5eeaa160 100644 --- a/mrk/03/06.md +++ b/mrk/03/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of an informal political party that supported Herod Antipas. # how they might put him to death "how they might kill Jesus" - diff --git a/mrk/03/07.md b/mrk/03/07.md index c263e5fd02..e0e2a6a71a 100644 --- a/mrk/03/07.md +++ b/mrk/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A great crowd of people follows Jesus, and he heals many people. # the sea This refers to the Sea of Galilee. - diff --git a/mrk/03/08.md b/mrk/03/08.md index 122f5c936f..6a729860c0 100644 --- a/mrk/03/08.md +++ b/mrk/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the miracles Jesus was performing. Alternate translation: "the gr # came to him "came to where Jesus was" - diff --git a/mrk/03/09.md b/mrk/03/09.md index 8477db0446..5f2dd59b03 100644 --- a/mrk/03/09.md +++ b/mrk/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verse 9 tells what Jesus asked his disciples to do because of the large crowd of # He told his disciples to have a small boat ... not press against him As the large crowd was pushing forward toward Jesus, he was in danger of being crushed by them. They would not crush him intentionally. It was just that there were so many people. - diff --git a/mrk/03/10.md b/mrk/03/10.md index b56fb0bda0..ae57a8827c 100644 --- a/mrk/03/10.md +++ b/mrk/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "many" refers to the large number of people Jesus had already healed. A # everyone who had afflictions eagerly approached him in order to touch him They did this because they believed that touching Jesus would make them well. This can be expressed clearly. Alternate translation: "all the sick people pushed forward eagerly trying to touch him so that they might be healed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/11.md b/mrk/03/11.md index f63d958197..f1e2fcbb8a 100644 --- a/mrk/03/11.md +++ b/mrk/03/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus has power over unclean spirits because he is the "Son of God." # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/12.md b/mrk/03/12.md index 6314243fb2..55cef51dcc 100644 --- a/mrk/03/12.md +++ b/mrk/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # not to make him known "not to reveal who he was" - diff --git a/mrk/03/13.md b/mrk/03/13.md index ed417c759c..b77c0b8226 100644 --- a/mrk/03/13.md +++ b/mrk/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Jesus chooses the men he wants to be his apostles. - diff --git a/mrk/03/14.md b/mrk/03/14.md index 20ec59ce84..dd7d8c9a9a 100644 --- a/mrk/03/14.md +++ b/mrk/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that they might be with him and he might send them to proclaim the message "so that they would be with him and he could send them to proclaim the message" - diff --git a/mrk/03/15.md b/mrk/03/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/03/15.md +++ b/mrk/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/03/16.md b/mrk/03/16.md index 792fe27004..1fd25b890f 100644 --- a/mrk/03/16.md +++ b/mrk/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Simon, to whom he gave the name Peter The author begins to list the names of the twelve apostles. Simon is the first man listed. - diff --git a/mrk/03/17.md b/mrk/03/17.md index aca7e17f62..e48af6a480 100644 --- a/mrk/03/17.md +++ b/mrk/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "to whom" refers to both James son of Zebedee and his brother John. # the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder Jesus called them this because they were like thunder. Alternate translation: "the name Boanerges, which means men who are like thunder" or "the name Boanerges, which means thunder men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/18.md b/mrk/03/18.md index ee16c5e565..6d14f781a9 100644 --- a/mrk/03/18.md +++ b/mrk/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Thaddaeus This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/19.md b/mrk/03/19.md index 870eeace79..9d0cd9713e 100644 --- a/mrk/03/19.md +++ b/mrk/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who would betray him "who would betray Jesus" The word "who" refers to Judas Iscariot. - diff --git a/mrk/03/20.md b/mrk/03/20.md index ee0d3289e6..98b0f15e7d 100644 --- a/mrk/03/20.md +++ b/mrk/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they could not even eat bread The word "bread" represents food. Alternate translation: "Jesus and his disciples could not eat at all" or "they could not eat anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/21.md b/mrk/03/21.md index a0963c6dd4..ad1d516797 100644 --- a/mrk/03/21.md +++ b/mrk/03/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings for the word "they" are 1) his relatives or 2) some people in # out of his mind This idiom describes how they thought he was acting. Alternate translation: "crazy" or "insane" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/22.md b/mrk/03/22.md index c9c720177a..330b0bb00d 100644 --- a/mrk/03/22.md +++ b/mrk/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # By the ruler of the demons he drives out demons "By the power of Beelzebul, who is the ruler of the demons, Jesus drives out demons" - diff --git a/mrk/03/23.md b/mrk/03/23.md index d1f6e8a27e..739deedeb4 100644 --- a/mrk/03/23.md +++ b/mrk/03/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus explains with a parable why it is foolish for people to think that Jesus i # How can Satan cast out Satan? Jesus asked this rhetorical question in response to the scribes saying that he cast out demons by Beelzebul. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Satan cannot cast out himself!" or "Satan does not go against his own evil spirits!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/24.md b/mrk/03/24.md index a49825d0cb..565725ba31 100644 --- a/mrk/03/24.md +++ b/mrk/03/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "kingdom" is a metonym for the people who live in the kingdom. Alternat # cannot stand Here "stand" is a metaphor that means endure, or continue to exist. Alternate translation: "cannot endure" or "will end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/25.md b/mrk/03/25.md index bd30e928c8..223c80aa15 100644 --- a/mrk/03/25.md +++ b/mrk/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house This is a metonym for the people who live in a house. Alternate translation: "family" or "household" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/26.md b/mrk/03/26.md index e33be93c84..9b912397b2 100644 --- a/mrk/03/26.md +++ b/mrk/03/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "himself" is a reflexive pronoun that refers back to Satan, and it is a # is not able to stand Here "stand" is a metaphor that means endure, or stay strong. Alternate translation: "cannot endure" or "cannot stay strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/27.md b/mrk/03/27.md index 1b5125833e..4ac8232534 100644 --- a/mrk/03/27.md +++ b/mrk/03/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plunder to steal a person's valuables and possessions - diff --git a/mrk/03/28.md b/mrk/03/28.md index ecf8d4605c..9eb1c6c9b0 100644 --- a/mrk/03/28.md +++ b/mrk/03/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This indicates that the statement that follows is especially true and important. # utter speak - diff --git a/mrk/03/29.md b/mrk/03/29.md index 86593e350c..a8ecc3377e 100644 --- a/mrk/03/29.md +++ b/mrk/03/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idea in the noun forgiveness can be expressed with a phrase. Alternate trans # is guilty of an eternal sin "Eternal sin" is a metonym for "a sin that will be eternally punished." Alternate translation: "is guilty of a sin that will be punished eternally" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/30.md b/mrk/03/30.md index 77e4ee0822..806656a6f5 100644 --- a/mrk/03/30.md +++ b/mrk/03/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # has an unclean spirit This is an idiom that means to be possessed by an unclean spirit. Alternate translation: "is possessed by an unclean spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/31.md b/mrk/03/31.md index 40bbb41fc4..cb7c0b1be0 100644 --- a/mrk/03/31.md +++ b/mrk/03/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They sent for him, summoning him "They sent someone inside to tell him that they were outside and to have him come out to them" - diff --git a/mrk/03/32.md b/mrk/03/32.md index ba382ee193..4b0584330e 100644 --- a/mrk/03/32.md +++ b/mrk/03/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are looking for you "are asking for you" - diff --git a/mrk/03/33.md b/mrk/03/33.md index 70e1c934c8..00e2fd3c16 100644 --- a/mrk/03/33.md +++ b/mrk/03/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who are my mother and my brothers? Jesus uses this question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "I will tell you who are really my mother and brothers." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/34.md b/mrk/03/34.md index 873df52600..1c104c91d5 100644 --- a/mrk/03/34.md +++ b/mrk/03/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # here are my mother and my brothers This is a metaphor that means Jesus's disciples belong to Jesus's spiritual family. This is more important than belonging to his physical family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/35.md b/mrk/03/35.md index 93e787446e..36e1e12556 100644 --- a/mrk/03/35.md +++ b/mrk/03/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that person is my brother, and sister, and mother This is a metaphor that means Jesus's disciples belong to Jesus's spiritual family. This is more important than belonging to his physical family. Alternate translation: "that person is like a brother, sister, or mother to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/03/intro.md b/mrk/03/intro.md index b3fbfe121f..cb979c5bbe 100644 --- a/mrk/03/intro.md +++ b/mrk/03/intro.md @@ -1,37 +1,37 @@ # Mark 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sabbath -#### Sabbath It was against the law of Moses to do work on the Sabbath. The Pharisees believed healing a sick person on the Sabbath was "work," so they said that Jesus did wrong when he healed a person on the Sabbath. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### "Blasphemy against the Spirit" +### "Blasphemy against the Spirit" No one knows for sure what actions people perform or what words they say when they commit this sin. However, they probably insult the Holy Spirit and his work. Part of the Holy Spirit's work is to make people understand that they are sinners and that they need to have God forgive them. Therefore, anyone who does not try to stop sinning is probably committing blasphemy against the Spirit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### The twelve disciples +### The twelve disciples The following are the lists of the twelve disciples: -In Matthew: +In Matthew: Simon (Peter), Andrew, James son of Zebedee, John son of Zebedee, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot. In Mark: -Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot. +Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot. In Luke: Simon (Peter), Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Simon (who was called the Zealot), Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot. -Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James. +Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James. ## Links: * __[Mark 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/04/01.md b/mrk/04/01.md index feaae1f038..2c656a6a2b 100644 --- a/mrk/04/01.md +++ b/mrk/04/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ As Jesus teaches from a boat at the seaside, he tells them the parable of the so # the sea This is the Sea of Galilee. - diff --git a/mrk/04/02.md b/mrk/04/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/04/02.md +++ b/mrk/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/04/03.md b/mrk/04/03.md index 6d4916a953..5df13652fd 100644 --- a/mrk/04/03.md +++ b/mrk/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # A farmer went out to sow his seed This means that he tossed seeds onto the ground so they could grow. - diff --git a/mrk/04/04.md b/mrk/04/04.md index b9c0a9b20f..1b699324c1 100644 --- a/mrk/04/04.md +++ b/mrk/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # some seed ... devoured it "some seeds ... devoured them" - diff --git a/mrk/04/05.md b/mrk/04/05.md index e8553894bd..172013308d 100644 --- a/mrk/04/05.md +++ b/mrk/04/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # soil This refers to the loose dirt on the ground in which you can plant seeds. - diff --git a/mrk/04/06.md b/mrk/04/06.md index b12ee35369..6f3f099402 100644 --- a/mrk/04/06.md +++ b/mrk/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it scorched the young # because they had no root, they dried up "because the young plants had no roots, they dried up" - diff --git a/mrk/04/07.md b/mrk/04/07.md index 62aae94fea..2b72caefdb 100644 --- a/mrk/04/07.md +++ b/mrk/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Other seed ... choked it ... it did not produce "Other seeds ... choked them ... they did not produce" - diff --git a/mrk/04/08.md b/mrk/04/08.md index a8f4bd3906..3483df3ca4 100644 --- a/mrk/04/08.md +++ b/mrk/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The amount of grain produced by each plant is being compared to the single seed # thirty ... sixty ... a hundred "30 ... 60 ... 100." These may be written as numerals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/09.md b/mrk/04/09.md index 810f1ac7e7..ab6adb758f 100644 --- a/mrk/04/09.md +++ b/mrk/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # Whoever has ... let him hear Since Jesus wanted his audience to pay attention, this can also be expressed with the word "you." Alternate translation: "If you have ears to hear, then hear" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/10.md b/mrk/04/10.md index f155b5b6ec..fae34bf38b 100644 --- a/mrk/04/10.md +++ b/mrk/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When Jesus was alone This does not mean that Jesus was completely alone; rather, it means that the crowds were gone and Jesus was only with the twelve and some of his other close followers. - diff --git a/mrk/04/11.md b/mrk/04/11.md index 4454dd4f18..8c017d760c 100644 --- a/mrk/04/11.md +++ b/mrk/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. "God has given you" or "I have given you" (Se # everything is in parables It can be stated that Jesus gives the parables to the people. Alternate translation: "I have spoken everything in parables" - diff --git a/mrk/04/12.md b/mrk/04/12.md index c76ba505a8..d6721587fb 100644 --- a/mrk/04/12.md +++ b/mrk/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the word "look" here refers to making an effort to see # they would turn "they would turn to God." Here "turn" is a metaphor for "repent." Alternate translation: "they would repent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/13.md b/mrk/04/13.md index bf16751c71..45b4ee4731 100644 --- a/mrk/04/13.md +++ b/mrk/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do you not understand this parable? How then will you understand all the parables? Jesus used these questions to show how sad he was that his disciples could not understand his parable. Alternate translation: "If you cannot understand this parable, think about how hard it will be for you to understand all the other parables." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/14.md b/mrk/04/14.md index c9f9ebb72e..1cc2a0f869 100644 --- a/mrk/04/14.md +++ b/mrk/04/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Sowing God's word represents teaching it. Alternate translation: "teaches people # the word The phrase "the word" represents God's message. Alternate translation: "God's message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/15.md b/mrk/04/15.md index 31aef446ac..cf0dbcda57 100644 --- a/mrk/04/15.md +++ b/mrk/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Jesus speaks about people. Alternate translation: "These people are the see # When they hear "When they hear the word" - diff --git a/mrk/04/16.md b/mrk/04/16.md index aed6e4bdac..77dc9816c7 100644 --- a/mrk/04/16.md +++ b/mrk/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these are the seed sown on the rocky ground "These people are the seeds that fall on the rocky ground" or "These people are like seeds that fall on the rocky ground" - diff --git a/mrk/04/17.md b/mrk/04/17.md index 9bca0009d4..328ba508fc 100644 --- a/mrk/04/17.md +++ b/mrk/04/17.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Having no root represents not fully understanding or believing God's word. Alter # endure -In this parable, "endure" means "continue to believe." Alternate translation: "continue in their belief" +In this parable, "endure" means "continue to believe." Alternate translation: "continue in their belief" # tribulation or persecution arises on account of the word @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "on account of the word" means "because they believe God's message. A # they immediately fall away In this parable, "fall away" means "stop believing God's message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/18.md b/mrk/04/18.md index 5e75ccc76a..60785d3ba3 100644 --- a/mrk/04/18.md +++ b/mrk/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Still others are the ones sown among the thorns "Still other people are the seeds that fall among the thorns" or "And other people are like seeds that fall among the thorns" - diff --git a/mrk/04/19.md b/mrk/04/19.md index 5bd0c4b8ba..e4acebc2c5 100644 --- a/mrk/04/19.md +++ b/mrk/04/19.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of wealth and the desires for other things come in and choke the word -The words "cares," "deceitfulness," and "desires" are spoken of as if they were weeds that wrap around plants and keep them from growing. Alternate translation: "the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of wealth and the desires for other things come in and choke God's message in their lives like thorns that choke young plants" +The words "cares," "deceitfulness," and "desires" are spoken of as if they were weeds that wrap around plants and keep them from growing. Alternate translation: "the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of wealth and the desires for other things come in and choke God's message in their lives like thorns that choke young plants" # the cares of the world @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "cares," "deceitfulness," and "desires" are spoken of as if they were # it is unproductive "the word does not produce a crop in them." The word being unproductive means that it does not have an effect on the person's life. - diff --git a/mrk/04/20.md b/mrk/04/20.md index 3a61d21ecb..b46f0fa8e7 100644 --- a/mrk/04/20.md +++ b/mrk/04/20.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ # Those that were sown on the good soil are the ones who hear the word, accept it and bear fruit -"The seeds that fall on the good soil represent people who hear the word, accept it and bear fruit" +"The seeds that fall on the good soil represent people who hear the word, accept it and bear fruit" # and bear fruit, thirty, sixty, or even a hundred times as much Fruit represents the results or effect of God's word in a person's life. The numbers tell how much fruit there might be, or how great the results might be. Alternate translation: "and produce good results, like plants that bear thirty, sixty, or even a hundred times as much fruit as what was sown" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/21.md b/mrk/04/21.md index 333b039d66..9eb01002a8 100644 --- a/mrk/04/21.md +++ b/mrk/04/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do you bring a lamp inside the house to put it under a basket or under the bed? This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You certainly do not bring a lamp inside the house to put it under a basket, or under a bed!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/22.md b/mrk/04/22.md index fc37216998..d58d4ebb7d 100644 --- a/mrk/04/22.md +++ b/mrk/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "For everything that # nothing is hidden ... nothing is secret "there is nothing that is hidden ... there is nothing that is secret" Both of the phrases have the same meaning. Jesus is emphasizing that everything that is secret will be made known. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/23.md b/mrk/04/23.md index 605bb42350..7509f77939 100644 --- a/mrk/04/23.md +++ b/mrk/04/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # If anyone ... let him hear Since Jesus wanted his audience to pay attention, this can also be expressed with the word "you." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Mark 4:9](../04/09.md). Alternate translation: "If you have ears to hear, then hear" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/24.md b/mrk/04/24.md index 7d54148b3a..e043265412 100644 --- a/mrk/04/24.md +++ b/mrk/04/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Jesus is talking about a literal measure and giving gen # will be measured to you, and more will be added to you. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will measure that amount for you, and he will add it to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/25.md b/mrk/04/25.md index 51791f2b00..4230426676 100644 --- a/mrk/04/25.md +++ b/mrk/04/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to him will be given more ... even what he has will be taken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to him God will give more ... from him God will take away" or "God will give more to him ... God will take away from him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/26.md b/mrk/04/26.md index 13d97bde98..f11656dc6a 100644 --- a/mrk/04/26.md +++ b/mrk/04/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus tells the people parables to teach them about the kingdom of God. Later he # like a man who sows his seed When someone sows seed, he plants the seed by scattering it on the ground. Alternate translation: "like a farmer who plants his seed" or "like a farmer who scatters his seed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/27.md b/mrk/04/27.md index ded6543ab7..811aa01f6b 100644 --- a/mrk/04/27.md +++ b/mrk/04/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is something that the man habitually does. Alternate translation: "He sleep # though he does not know how "though the man does not know how the seed sprouts and grows" - diff --git a/mrk/04/28.md b/mrk/04/28.md index b03f838789..d6c78fb085 100644 --- a/mrk/04/28.md +++ b/mrk/04/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the stalk or sprout # the ear the head on the stalk or the part of the plant that holds the fruit - diff --git a/mrk/04/29.md b/mrk/04/29.md index 69f0624b16..7baaf43eb3 100644 --- a/mrk/04/29.md +++ b/mrk/04/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a curved blade or a sharp hook used to cut grain # because the harvest has come Here the words "has come" are part of an idiom that means it is time for something. Alternative translation: "because it is time for harvesting the grain" or "because the grain is ready to be gathered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/30.md b/mrk/04/30.md index 0a16014db0..54e0d5e46a 100644 --- a/mrk/04/30.md +++ b/mrk/04/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # To what can we compare the kingdom of God, or what parable can we use to explain it? Jesus asked this question to cause his hearers to think about what the kingdom of God is like. Alternate translation: "With this parable I can explain what the kingdom of God is like." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/31.md b/mrk/04/31.md index 783ea7da24..0eb09a37f6 100644 --- a/mrk/04/31.md +++ b/mrk/04/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when it is sown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when someone sows it" or "when someone plants it" - diff --git a/mrk/04/32.md b/mrk/04/32.md index 112bf6c0eb..728425845a 100644 --- a/mrk/04/32.md +++ b/mrk/04/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it forms large branches The mustard tree is described as causing its branches to grow large. Alternate translation: "it has large branches" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/33.md b/mrk/04/33.md index e87a5d1059..aa36ca867c 100644 --- a/mrk/04/33.md +++ b/mrk/04/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # as much as they were able to understand "and if they were able to understand some, he kept telling them more" - diff --git a/mrk/04/34.md b/mrk/04/34.md index 520f76f672..b50e58d7bc 100644 --- a/mrk/04/34.md +++ b/mrk/04/34.md @@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ This means that he was away from the crowds, but his disciples were still with h # he explained everything -Here "everything" refers to all his parables. Alternate translation: "he explained all his parables" - +Here "everything" refers to all his parables. Alternate translation: "he explained all his parables" diff --git a/mrk/04/35.md b/mrk/04/35.md index 45c86d9c3c..0424188325 100644 --- a/mrk/04/35.md +++ b/mrk/04/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ As Jesus and his disciples take a boat to escape the crowds of people, a great s # the other side "the other side of the Sea of Galilee" or "the other side of the sea" - diff --git a/mrk/04/36.md b/mrk/04/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/04/36.md +++ b/mrk/04/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/04/37.md b/mrk/04/37.md index e86150837b..4ec547bf90 100644 --- a/mrk/04/37.md +++ b/mrk/04/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "arose" is an idiom for "began." Alternate translation: "a violent windstor # the boat was almost full of water It may be helpful to state that the boat was filling up with water. Alternate translation: "the boat was in danger of being filled with water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/38.md b/mrk/04/38.md index e8f77053d1..721cd4cd55 100644 --- a/mrk/04/38.md +++ b/mrk/04/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The disciples asked this question to show that they were in great danger and tha # we are about to die The word "we" includes the disciples and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/39.md b/mrk/04/39.md index 32c8433015..1b65112e34 100644 --- a/mrk/04/39.md +++ b/mrk/04/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are similar and used to emphasize what Jesus wanted the wind a # a great calm "a great stillness over the sea" or "a great calm over the sea" - diff --git a/mrk/04/40.md b/mrk/04/40.md index 942d75fb66..9a3727ac1d 100644 --- a/mrk/04/40.md +++ b/mrk/04/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Why are you afraid? Do you still not have faith? Jesus asks these questions to make his disciples consider why they are afraid when he is with them. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "You should not be afraid. You need to have more faith." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/41.md b/mrk/04/41.md index f9d92d0d87..90137f75c3 100644 --- a/mrk/04/41.md +++ b/mrk/04/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who then is this, because even the wind and the sea obey him? The disciples ask this question in amazement at what Jesus did. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "This man is not like ordinary men; even the wind and the sea obey him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/04/intro.md b/mrk/04/intro.md index 40c30a4c60..a1c207ab61 100644 --- a/mrk/04/intro.md +++ b/mrk/04/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Mark 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Mark 4:3-10 forms one parable. The parable is explained in 4:14-23. +Mark 4:3-10 forms one parable. The parable is explained in 4:14-23. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 4:12, which is a quotation from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Parables +### Parables The parables were short stories that Jesus told so that people would easily understand the lesson he was trying to teach them. He also told the stories so that those who did not want to believe in him would not understand the truth. @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The parables were short stories that Jesus told so that people would easily unde * __[Mark 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/05/01.md b/mrk/05/01.md index 71d9975d12..909f4b12de 100644 --- a/mrk/05/01.md +++ b/mrk/05/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the Sea of Galilee. # Gerasenes This name refers to the people who live in Gerasa. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/02.md b/mrk/05/02.md index 867124d3ee..5df5f801a0 100644 --- a/mrk/05/02.md +++ b/mrk/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with an unclean spirit This is an idiom meaning that the man is "controlled" or "possessed" by the unclean spirit. Alternate translation: "controlled by an unclean spirit" or "that an unclean spirit possessed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/03.md b/mrk/05/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/05/03.md +++ b/mrk/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/05/04.md b/mrk/05/04.md index 35e587a068..919b6972c5 100644 --- a/mrk/05/04.md +++ b/mrk/05/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The man was so strong that no one could subdue him. Alternate translation: "He w # subdue him "control him" - diff --git a/mrk/05/05.md b/mrk/05/05.md index f6ef817113..dd117fec29 100644 --- a/mrk/05/05.md +++ b/mrk/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cut himself with sharp stones Often when a person is possessed by a demon, the demon will cause the person to do self-destructive things, such as cutting himself. - diff --git a/mrk/05/06.md b/mrk/05/06.md index 49d358ca87..e1a269b5f6 100644 --- a/mrk/05/06.md +++ b/mrk/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When the man first saw Jesus, Jesus would have been getting out of the boat. (Se # bowed down This means that he knelt down before Jesus out of reverence and respect, not out of worship. - diff --git a/mrk/05/07.md b/mrk/05/07.md index 42ee53865a..702d0e7a9a 100644 --- a/mrk/05/07.md +++ b/mrk/05/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sono # I beg you by God himself Here the unclean spirit is swearing by God as he makes a request of Jesus. Consider how this type of request is made in your language. Alternate translation: "I beg you before God" or "I swear by God himself and beg you" - diff --git a/mrk/05/08.md b/mrk/05/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/05/08.md +++ b/mrk/05/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/05/09.md b/mrk/05/09.md index 7ce646320d..45edeb3fb1 100644 --- a/mrk/05/09.md +++ b/mrk/05/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He answered him, "My name is Legion, for we are many." One spirit was speaking for many here. He spoke of them as if they were a legion, a Roman army unit of about 6,000 soldiers. Alternate translation: "And the spirit said to him, 'Call us an army, for many of us are inside the man.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/10.md b/mrk/05/10.md index 2c84b78d3d..f3ddc6b557 100644 --- a/mrk/05/10.md +++ b/mrk/05/10.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ - # He begged him "The unclean spirit begged Jesus" # not to send them -"not to send him and the other unclean spirits" +"not to send him and the other unclean spirits" diff --git a/mrk/05/11.md b/mrk/05/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/05/11.md +++ b/mrk/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/05/12.md b/mrk/05/12.md index 0d7f2dd04e..2368cb741f 100644 --- a/mrk/05/12.md +++ b/mrk/05/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they begged him "the unclean spirits begged Jesus" - diff --git a/mrk/05/13.md b/mrk/05/13.md index bb68180dd0..f5777e2c84 100644 --- a/mrk/05/13.md +++ b/mrk/05/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make the words after the comma a separate sentence: "into the sea. There # about two thousand pigs "about 2,000 pigs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/14.md b/mrk/05/14.md index ddb4fcc6c8..aad9d7fe27 100644 --- a/mrk/05/14.md +++ b/mrk/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reported what had happened in the city and in the countryside "told people in the city and in the countryside what had happened" - diff --git a/mrk/05/15.md b/mrk/05/15.md index 12f568d3d0..1721922255 100644 --- a/mrk/05/15.md +++ b/mrk/05/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom meaning that he is thinking clearly. Alternate translation: "of # they were afraid The word "they" refers to the group of people who went out to see what had happened. - diff --git a/mrk/05/16.md b/mrk/05/16.md index 37da83f64a..07bea0b95f 100644 --- a/mrk/05/16.md +++ b/mrk/05/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Those who had seen what happened "The people who had witnessed what had happened" - diff --git a/mrk/05/17.md b/mrk/05/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/05/17.md +++ b/mrk/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/05/18.md b/mrk/05/18.md index 71d98ec35b..17066747ab 100644 --- a/mrk/05/18.md +++ b/mrk/05/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the demon-possessed man Though the man is no longer demon-possessed, he is still described in this way. Alternate translation: "the man who had been demon-possessed" - diff --git a/mrk/05/19.md b/mrk/05/19.md index 215b2092ee..8e88f32599 100644 --- a/mrk/05/19.md +++ b/mrk/05/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But Jesus did not permit him What Jesus did not allow the man to do can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "But he did not allow the man to come with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/20.md b/mrk/05/20.md index f3e9c4eade..c787f14946 100644 --- a/mrk/05/20.md +++ b/mrk/05/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a region that means Ten Cities. It is located to the southea # everyone was amazed It may be helpful to state why the people were amazed. Alternate translation: "all the people who heard what the man said were amazed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/21.md b/mrk/05/21.md index ae78cc0770..4917bef62b 100644 --- a/mrk/05/21.md +++ b/mrk/05/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the other side of the sea # the sea This is the Sea of Galilee. - diff --git a/mrk/05/22.md b/mrk/05/22.md index af16d7e015..599d07ade3 100644 --- a/mrk/05/22.md +++ b/mrk/05/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jairus This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/23.md b/mrk/05/23.md index 10f3231697..89936e2f1e 100644 --- a/mrk/05/23.md +++ b/mrk/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that she may be made well and live This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and heal her and make her live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/24.md b/mrk/05/24.md index 686734e294..01f1f4dd1e 100644 --- a/mrk/05/24.md +++ b/mrk/05/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # pressed close around him This means they crowded around Jesus and pressed themselves together to be closer to Jesus. - diff --git a/mrk/05/25.md b/mrk/05/25.md index a8851a359b..377cd150a2 100644 --- a/mrk/05/25.md +++ b/mrk/05/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The woman did not have an open wound; rather, her monthly flow of blood would no # for twelve years "for 12 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/26.md b/mrk/05/26.md index 9d61dc67f1..1c3bb192dc 100644 --- a/mrk/05/26.md +++ b/mrk/05/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she grew worse "her sickness got worse" or "her bleeding increased" - diff --git a/mrk/05/27.md b/mrk/05/27.md index 7f1296922d..bba337abbe 100644 --- a/mrk/05/27.md +++ b/mrk/05/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ She had heard reports about Jesus of how he healed people. Alternate translation # cloak outer garment or coat - diff --git a/mrk/05/28.md b/mrk/05/28.md index 7727d037db..446c492d48 100644 --- a/mrk/05/28.md +++ b/mrk/05/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will be healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will heal me" or "his power will heal me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/29.md b/mrk/05/29.md index 003aa263bf..84aa648e11 100644 --- a/mrk/05/29.md +++ b/mrk/05/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she was healed from her affliction This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sickness left her" or "she was no longer sick" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/30.md b/mrk/05/30.md index f1847942aa..9c28203808 100644 --- a/mrk/05/30.md +++ b/mrk/05/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that power had gone out from him When the woman touched Jesus, Jesus felt his power healing her. Jesus himself did not lose any of his power to heal people when he healed her. Alternate translation: "that his healing power had healed someone" - diff --git a/mrk/05/31.md b/mrk/05/31.md index 5b61170a62..7e3a413979 100644 --- a/mrk/05/31.md +++ b/mrk/05/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this crowd pressed around you This means they crowded around Jesus and pressed themselves together to be closer to Jesus. See how you translated this in [Mark 5:24](../05/24.md). - diff --git a/mrk/05/32.md b/mrk/05/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/05/32.md +++ b/mrk/05/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/05/33.md b/mrk/05/33.md index 5e9b5affd0..361093d2ad 100644 --- a/mrk/05/33.md +++ b/mrk/05/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # told him the whole truth The phrase "the whole truth" refers to how she had touched him and had became well. Alternate translation: "told him the whole truth about how she had touched him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/34.md b/mrk/05/34.md index 4467f50ba9..7ef49f529d 100644 --- a/mrk/05/34.md +++ b/mrk/05/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus called the woman "Daughter." This was a kind way for a teacher to speak t # your faith "your faith in me" - diff --git a/mrk/05/35.md b/mrk/05/35.md index e67b5cae7a..8256aac68b 100644 --- a/mrk/05/35.md +++ b/mrk/05/35.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "It is usele # the teacher This refers to Jesus. - diff --git a/mrk/05/36.md b/mrk/05/36.md index 9829f0a8c8..d50dc6fcd4 100644 --- a/mrk/05/36.md +++ b/mrk/05/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as in active form. Alternate translation: "the message that t # Just believe If necessary, you can state what Jesus is commanding Jairus to believe. Alternate translation: "Just believe I can make you daughter live" - diff --git a/mrk/05/37.md b/mrk/05/37.md index 35bea36675..0615badaaa 100644 --- a/mrk/05/37.md +++ b/mrk/05/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus did not permit # to accompany him "to come with him." It may be helpful to state where they were going. Alternate translation: "to accompany him to Jairus' house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/38.md b/mrk/05/38.md index def855e63e..fac9cefb1f 100644 --- a/mrk/05/38.md +++ b/mrk/05/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 37 and 38, the author gives background information about the Pharisees # he saw Jesus saw - diff --git a/mrk/05/39.md b/mrk/05/39.md index ea7a11f883..af4dfd05cc 100644 --- a/mrk/05/39.md +++ b/mrk/05/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus asked this question to help them see their lack of faith. This may be writ # The child is not dead but sleeps Jesus uses the common word for sleep, and so should the translation. - diff --git a/mrk/05/40.md b/mrk/05/40.md index b13df5a9f0..90940522ee 100644 --- a/mrk/05/40.md +++ b/mrk/05/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Peter, James, and John. # went in where the child was It may be helpful to state where the child is. Alternate translation: "went into the room where the child was lying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/41.md b/mrk/05/41.md index 5ac4b64505..c1469393f9 100644 --- a/mrk/05/41.md +++ b/mrk/05/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Talitha, koum This is an Aramaic sentence that Jesus spoke to the little girl in her language. Write these words as they sound, using your alphabet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/42.md b/mrk/05/42.md index 4915565286..3d5f064ab6 100644 --- a/mrk/05/42.md +++ b/mrk/05/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she was twelve years of age "she was 12 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/43.md b/mrk/05/43.md index ab9522ed5a..e4925670b2 100644 --- a/mrk/05/43.md +++ b/mrk/05/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "He ordered them st # Then he told them to give her something to eat. This can be stated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "And he told them, 'Give her something to eat.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/mrk/05/intro.md b/mrk/05/intro.md index e0464824e0..8d015b4a41 100644 --- a/mrk/05/intro.md +++ b/mrk/05/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Mark 05 General Notes -### Possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Talitha, koum" +### "Talitha, koum" The words "Talitha, koum" ([Mark 5:41](../../mrk/05/41.md)) are from the Aramaic language. Mark writes them the way they sound and then translates them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ The words "Talitha, koum" ([Mark 5:41](../../mrk/05/41.md)) are from the Aramaic * __[Mark 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/06/01.md b/mrk/06/01.md index 2b03ebc539..ee8ec063a5 100644 --- a/mrk/06/01.md +++ b/mrk/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus returns to his hometown, where he is not accepted. # his hometown This refers to the town of Nazareth, where Jesus grew up and where his family lived. This does not mean that he owned land there. - diff --git a/mrk/06/02.md b/mrk/06/02.md index 8fbad0cbf2..0719bc4a16 100644 --- a/mrk/06/02.md +++ b/mrk/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question can be asked in active form. Alternate translation: "What is this # that he does with his hands This phrase emphasizes that Jesus himself does the miracles. Alternate translation: "that he himself works" - diff --git a/mrk/06/03.md b/mrk/06/03.md index 13ef1d292c..02933cc793 100644 --- a/mrk/06/03.md +++ b/mrk/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is this not the carpenter, the son of Mary and the brother of James and Joses and Judas and Simon? Are his sisters not here with us? These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "He is just an ordinary carpenter! We know him and his family. We know Mary his mother. We know his younger brothers James, Joses, Judas and Simon. And his younger sisters also live here with us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/04.md b/mrk/06/04.md index 62ef1a94ac..29e7970979 100644 --- a/mrk/06/04.md +++ b/mrk/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # A prophet is not without honor, except This sentence uses a double negative to emphasize the positive. Alternate translation: "A prophet is always honored, except" or "People always honor prophets, except those" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/05.md b/mrk/06/05.md index dc2b423764..be06e35e08 100644 --- a/mrk/06/05.md +++ b/mrk/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to lay his hands on a few sick people Prophets and teachers would put their hands on people in order to heal them or bless them. In this case, Jesus was healing people. - diff --git a/mrk/06/06.md b/mrk/06/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/06/06.md +++ b/mrk/06/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/06/07.md b/mrk/06/07.md index 099cce1f6c..4f74c6b5df 100644 --- a/mrk/06/07.md +++ b/mrk/06/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "called" means that he summoned the twelve to come to him. # two by two "2 by 2" or "in pairs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/08.md b/mrk/06/08.md index 6ab0ce70b3..736983a665 100644 --- a/mrk/06/08.md +++ b/mrk/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that a staff is the only thing that they were to # no bread Here "bread" is a synecdoche for food in general. Alternate translation: "no food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/09.md b/mrk/06/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/06/09.md +++ b/mrk/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/06/10.md b/mrk/06/10.md index fb0cbde731..d5590f7c61 100644 --- a/mrk/06/10.md +++ b/mrk/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # remain until you go away from there Here "remain" represents daily going back to that house to eat and sleep there. Alternate translation: "eat and sleep in that house until you leave that area" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/11.md b/mrk/06/11.md index cb83fdc5aa..b3c1de8fa4 100644 --- a/mrk/06/11.md +++ b/mrk/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as a testimony to them "as a testimony against them." The testimony can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "as a testimony that they did not welcome you" or "to show them that they did wrong when they did not welcome you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/12.md b/mrk/06/12.md index 30c53f29a3..c1b0d4c2c8 100644 --- a/mrk/06/12.md +++ b/mrk/06/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "They" refers to the twelve and does not include Jesus. Also, it may be # repent "stop sinning" - diff --git a/mrk/06/13.md b/mrk/06/13.md index 6ce8b8aa92..56068a37b3 100644 --- a/mrk/06/13.md +++ b/mrk/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They cast out many demons It may be helpful to state that they cast the demons out of people. Alternate translation: "They cast many demons out of people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/14.md b/mrk/06/14.md index acce5ec676..a8693de32f 100644 --- a/mrk/06/14.md +++ b/mrk/06/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Some people thought that Jesus was John the Baptist. This can be stated more cle # John the Baptist has been raised from the dead "Raised from the dead" is an idiom that means "caused to live again." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has raised John the Baptist from the dead" or "John the Baptist has become alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/15.md b/mrk/06/15.md index 1ba89556c6..4dd494616a 100644 --- a/mrk/06/15.md +++ b/mrk/06/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Some others said, "He is Elijah." It may be helpful to state why some people thought he was Elijah. Alternate translation: "Some others said, 'He is Elijah, whom God promised to send back again.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/16.md b/mrk/06/16.md index b1efc8614e..36a2b81895 100644 --- a/mrk/06/16.md +++ b/mrk/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Herod said "I beheaded" because he had commanded his soldier to behead John. Alt # has been raised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "has risen" or "has become alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/17.md b/mrk/06/17.md index 8187537000..9ff638c74c 100644 --- a/mrk/06/17.md +++ b/mrk/06/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Herod sent his soldie # because he had married her "because Herod had married her" - diff --git a/mrk/06/18.md b/mrk/06/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/06/18.md +++ b/mrk/06/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/06/19.md b/mrk/06/19.md index 0b784455a6..17a67cc784 100644 --- a/mrk/06/19.md +++ b/mrk/06/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Herodias wanted someone to kill John. Alternate translation: "and she wanted som # but she could not What she could not do can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "but she could not kill him" or "but she could not have him killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/20.md b/mrk/06/20.md index ba038b975b..ae16430490 100644 --- a/mrk/06/20.md +++ b/mrk/06/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two clauses can be linked differently to show more clearly why Herod feare # Listening to him "Listening to John" - diff --git a/mrk/06/21.md b/mrk/06/21.md index cecb85ee86..72726e4e78 100644 --- a/mrk/06/21.md +++ b/mrk/06/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that he invited those people to a special dinner to celebrate his bir # a dinner a formal meal or banquet - diff --git a/mrk/06/22.md b/mrk/06/22.md index 9384bcbe7f..18b8d13ee4 100644 --- a/mrk/06/22.md +++ b/mrk/06/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "herself" is a reflexive pronoun used to emphasize that it was signific # came in "came into the room" - diff --git a/mrk/06/23.md b/mrk/06/23.md index b3289faf7c..b31ae4c72a 100644 --- a/mrk/06/23.md +++ b/mrk/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whatever you ask ... my kingdom "I will give you whatever you ask me to give to you, even half of what I own and rule, if you ask for that" - diff --git a/mrk/06/24.md b/mrk/06/24.md index 004403f2b0..5a419f23a8 100644 --- a/mrk/06/24.md +++ b/mrk/06/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went out "went out of the room" - diff --git a/mrk/06/25.md b/mrk/06/25.md index a234dddacc..0bf2c6d479 100644 --- a/mrk/06/25.md +++ b/mrk/06/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on a wooden platter "on a board" or "on a large wooden dish" - diff --git a/mrk/06/26.md b/mrk/06/26.md index c88e40a4b5..508ce4ca35 100644 --- a/mrk/06/26.md +++ b/mrk/06/26.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # because of the oath he had made + The oath was what Herod swore to the girl in verse 23. Alternate translation: "because of what he had sworn to the girl" or "because he had sworn to give the girl whatever she asked for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # and because of his dinner guests -This can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "and because his dinner guests had heard his oath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) +This can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "and because his dinner guests had heard his oath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) diff --git a/mrk/06/27.md b/mrk/06/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/06/27.md +++ b/mrk/06/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/06/28.md b/mrk/06/28.md index bc95007c4d..1cc4f5af1b 100644 --- a/mrk/06/28.md +++ b/mrk/06/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on a platter "on a tray" - diff --git a/mrk/06/29.md b/mrk/06/29.md index d347de8c4f..fa223dda3e 100644 --- a/mrk/06/29.md +++ b/mrk/06/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When his disciples "When John's disciples" - diff --git a/mrk/06/30.md b/mrk/06/30.md index 8b7c6ef463..9c4c2c0035 100644 --- a/mrk/06/30.md +++ b/mrk/06/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: After the disciples return from preaching and healing, they go somewhere to be alone, but there are many people who come to hear Jesus teach. When it becomes late, he feeds the people and then sends everyone away while he prays alone. - diff --git a/mrk/06/31.md b/mrk/06/31.md index ec1d4c7efe..9a9b04a2b6 100644 --- a/mrk/06/31.md +++ b/mrk/06/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that people were continually coming to the apostles and then going aw # they did not even The word "they" refers to the apostles. - diff --git a/mrk/06/32.md b/mrk/06/32.md index e15b4a1664..1873caef40 100644 --- a/mrk/06/32.md +++ b/mrk/06/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So they went away Here the word "they" includes both the apostles and Jesus. - diff --git a/mrk/06/33.md b/mrk/06/33.md index f1e3f059a5..c1681b354d 100644 --- a/mrk/06/33.md +++ b/mrk/06/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people saw Jesus and the apostles leaving, and many of the people recognized # on foot The people are going on foot by land, which contrasts with how the disciples went by boat. - diff --git a/mrk/06/34.md b/mrk/06/34.md index 09d3020cd4..bd129712ac 100644 --- a/mrk/06/34.md +++ b/mrk/06/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When Jesus and the disciples came ... on the people in the crowd because the peo # they were like sheep without a shepherd Jesus compares the people to sheep who are confused when they do not have their shepherd to lead them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/35.md b/mrk/06/35.md index f48abdb739..6892a95d10 100644 --- a/mrk/06/35.md +++ b/mrk/06/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means it was late in the day. Alternate translation: "When it was getting l # a deserted place This refers to a place where there are no people. See how you translated this in [Mark 6:31](../06/31.md). - diff --git a/mrk/06/36.md b/mrk/06/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/06/36.md +++ b/mrk/06/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/06/37.md b/mrk/06/37.md index f103a0d5c0..54d4649fbb 100644 --- a/mrk/06/37.md +++ b/mrk/06/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The disciples ask this question to say that there is no way they could afford to # two hundred denarii "200 denarii." The singular form of the word "denarii" is "denarius." A denarius was a Roman silver coin worth one day's wages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/38.md b/mrk/06/38.md index 9d0ff828e0..96b9e2fbb5 100644 --- a/mrk/06/38.md +++ b/mrk/06/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # loaves lumps of bread dough that have been shaped and baked - diff --git a/mrk/06/39.md b/mrk/06/39.md index 2f23009205..ccdadc7054 100644 --- a/mrk/06/39.md +++ b/mrk/06/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # green grass Describe the grass with the color word used in your language for healthy grass, which may or may not be the color green. - diff --git a/mrk/06/40.md b/mrk/06/40.md index c33d44df84..e538ba2439 100644 --- a/mrk/06/40.md +++ b/mrk/06/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in groups of hundreds and fifties This refers to the number of people in each of the groups. Alternate translation: "with about fifty people in some groups and about a hundred people in other groups" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/41.md b/mrk/06/41.md index 958f840aa6..c8a225df85 100644 --- a/mrk/06/41.md +++ b/mrk/06/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that he looked up toward the sky, which is associated with the place # He also divided the two fish among them all "he divided the two fish so that everyone could have some" - diff --git a/mrk/06/42.md b/mrk/06/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/06/42.md +++ b/mrk/06/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/06/43.md b/mrk/06/43.md index 29af92f561..944e253e19 100644 --- a/mrk/06/43.md +++ b/mrk/06/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meaning are 1) "The disciples took up" or 2) "The people took up." # twelve baskets "12 baskets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/44.md b/mrk/06/44.md index e664fd071e..6cd5dee05d 100644 --- a/mrk/06/44.md +++ b/mrk/06/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Telling the number of men in the crowd hints at how large the crowd was. The wom # five thousand men "5,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/45.md b/mrk/06/45.md index 005e91742e..bb8b827b49 100644 --- a/mrk/06/45.md +++ b/mrk/06/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the Sea of Galilee. This can be stated clearly. Alternate transla # Bethsaida This is a town on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/46.md b/mrk/06/46.md index e23539ace0..0bc544f5cf 100644 --- a/mrk/06/46.md +++ b/mrk/06/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # After taking leave of them "After saying goodbye to them" or "After they had left." Use the common words your language uses for a time when friends leave each other and expect to see each other after a few hours or days. - diff --git a/mrk/06/47.md b/mrk/06/47.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/06/47.md +++ b/mrk/06/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/06/48.md b/mrk/06/48.md index d9377d44d2..8a287e29ee 100644 --- a/mrk/06/48.md +++ b/mrk/06/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A storm arises while the disciples are trying to cross the lake. Seeing Jesus wa # fourth watch This is the time between 3 a.m. and sunrise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/49.md b/mrk/06/49.md index 39576cc626..751b7e31bd 100644 --- a/mrk/06/49.md +++ b/mrk/06/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a ghost the spirit of a dead person or some other kind of spirit - diff --git a/mrk/06/51.md b/mrk/06/51.md index af29909d78..6a4da6aadb 100644 --- a/mrk/06/51.md +++ b/mrk/06/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They were completely amazed If you need to be more specific, it can stated what they were amazed by. Alternate translation: "They were completely amazed at what he had done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/52.md b/mrk/06/52.md index 4aa5872659..26a5788f78 100644 --- a/mrk/06/52.md +++ b/mrk/06/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the phrase "the loaves" refers to when Jesus multiplied the loaves of bread # their hearts were hardened Having a hard heart represents being too stubborn to understand. Alternate translation: "they were too stubborn to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/53.md b/mrk/06/53.md index 97c536f3bd..ae9c5af1fe 100644 --- a/mrk/06/53.md +++ b/mrk/06/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When Jesus and his disciples arrive at Gennesaret in their boat, people see him # Gennesaret This is the name of the region to the northwest of the Sea of Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/54.md b/mrk/06/54.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/06/54.md +++ b/mrk/06/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/06/55.md b/mrk/06/55.md index 02414e8718..d6d1ab691d 100644 --- a/mrk/06/55.md +++ b/mrk/06/55.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the people who recognized Jesus, not to the disciples. # the sick This phrase refers to people. Alternate translation: "the sick people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mrk/06/56.md b/mrk/06/56.md index 65627f0a92..8b3258d346 100644 --- a/mrk/06/56.md +++ b/mrk/06/56.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the sick. # as many as "all those who" - diff --git a/mrk/06/intro.md b/mrk/06/intro.md index 7b68928bbe..5dbee594ec 100644 --- a/mrk/06/intro.md +++ b/mrk/06/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Mark 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Anointed with oil" +### "Anointed with oil" In the ancient Near East, people would try to heal sick people by putting olive oil on them. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, people would try to heal sick people by putting olive * __[Mark 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/07/01.md b/mrk/07/01.md index cc7720b1d2..e09b0e6a0a 100644 --- a/mrk/07/01.md +++ b/mrk/07/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus rebukes the Pharisees and scribes. # gathered around him "gathered around Jesus" - diff --git a/mrk/07/02.md b/mrk/07/02.md index 4dfcc4fba2..483c25075c 100644 --- a/mrk/07/02.md +++ b/mrk/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that is, unwashed The word "unwashed" explains why the disciples' hands were defiled. It can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "that is, with hands that they had not washed" or "that is, they had not washed their hands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/03.md b/mrk/07/03.md index dd80fe2ffd..c9474b4ec8 100644 --- a/mrk/07/03.md +++ b/mrk/07/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This kind of hand washing was an important ceremonial or religious act, not just # elders Jewish elders were leaders in their communities and were also judges for the people. - diff --git a/mrk/07/04.md b/mrk/07/04.md index b2847a27db..a52deab4b1 100644 --- a/mrk/07/04.md +++ b/mrk/07/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "things they have received" refers to traditions that they learned fro # the couches upon which they eat "benches" or "beds." At that time, the Jews would recline when eating. - diff --git a/mrk/07/05.md b/mrk/07/05.md index 096873a5e7..d21b5cfa82 100644 --- a/mrk/07/05.md +++ b/mrk/07/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The hands were ritually unclean because the disciples had not performed the cere # bread This is a synecdoche, representing food in general. Alternate translation: "food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/06.md b/mrk/07/06.md index edf4a1bb09..147ceadff2 100644 --- a/mrk/07/06.md +++ b/mrk/07/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "lips" is a metonym for speaking. Alternate translation: "by what they say" # but their heart is far from me Here "heart" refers to a person's thoughts or emotions. This is a way of saying the people are not truly devoted to God. Alternate translation: "but they do not really love me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/07.md b/mrk/07/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/07/07.md +++ b/mrk/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/07/08.md b/mrk/07/08.md index ebd456970d..2a05514fe4 100644 --- a/mrk/07/08.md +++ b/mrk/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees. # hold on to This phrase is a metaphor for strictly obeying. Alternate translation: "strictly obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/09.md b/mrk/07/09.md index 794538c280..b17260ee17 100644 --- a/mrk/07/09.md +++ b/mrk/07/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses this ironic statement to rebuke his listeners for forsaking God's com # How well you reject "How skillfully you reject" - diff --git a/mrk/07/10.md b/mrk/07/10.md index 1fb9b4f0c6..e0616a1402 100644 --- a/mrk/07/10.md +++ b/mrk/07/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The authorities must # who speaks evil of "who curses" - diff --git a/mrk/07/11.md b/mrk/07/11.md index 5b32b719cb..a8c62af707 100644 --- a/mrk/07/11.md +++ b/mrk/07/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person might say this so that he would not have to give anything to help his p # a Gift This phrase explains the meaning of the Hebrew word "Corban." Mark explained the meaning so that his non-Jewish readers could understand what Jesus said. This seems to have been the proper name of a sacrifice. You may need to make explicit who the gift was given to. Alternate translation: "a Gift to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/12.md b/mrk/07/12.md index d8e343b2e1..3810813622 100644 --- a/mrk/07/12.md +++ b/mrk/07/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that by telling people that they could say that their poss # then you no longer permit him to do anything for his father or his mother Here "do anything" refers to helping his parents by giving to them. This can be translated as "then you no longer permit him to give anything to his father or his mother" or "then you permit him to give nothing to his father or his mother" - diff --git a/mrk/07/13.md b/mrk/07/13.md index f9088f3a08..0eb94749f8 100644 --- a/mrk/07/13.md +++ b/mrk/07/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ canceled or done away with # many similar things you do "you are doing many other things similar to this" - diff --git a/mrk/07/14.md b/mrk/07/14.md index 706dc33e50..545aaf056b 100644 --- a/mrk/07/14.md +++ b/mrk/07/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "Listen" and "understand" are related. Jesus uses them together to emp # understand It may be helpful to state what Jesus is telling them to understand. Alternate translation: "try to understand what I am about to tell you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/15.md b/mrk/07/15.md index aa3220ecf6..16a19d2ba1 100644 --- a/mrk/07/15.md +++ b/mrk/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is speaking about what a person eats. This is in contrast to "what comes o # It is what comes out of the person This refers to the things a person does or says. This is in contrast to what is "outside a person that ... enters into him." Alternate translation: "It is what comes out of a person that he says or does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/16.md b/mrk/07/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/07/16.md +++ b/mrk/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/07/17.md b/mrk/07/17.md index 2dd6c3079f..cd7b5e933c 100644 --- a/mrk/07/17.md +++ b/mrk/07/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The disciples still do not understand what Jesus has just said to the scribes, P # Now This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. Jesus is now away from the crowd, in a house with his disciples. - diff --git a/mrk/07/18.md b/mrk/07/18.md index 1c5e5a9dcf..e5f4ba839f 100644 --- a/mrk/07/18.md +++ b/mrk/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus begins to teach his disciples by asking a question. # Are you also still without understanding? Jesus uses this question to express his disappointment that they do not understand. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "After all I have said and done, I would expect you to understand." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/19.md b/mrk/07/19.md index a5e4ecab17..16674cd2a8 100644 --- a/mrk/07/19.md +++ b/mrk/07/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "it" refers to what goes into a person; that is, what a person eats. # all foods clean It may be helpful to explain clearly what this phrase means. Alternate translation: "all foods clean, meaning that people can eat any food without God considering the eater defiled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/20.md b/mrk/07/20.md index 299e5e2cd1..bd47b9a67d 100644 --- a/mrk/07/20.md +++ b/mrk/07/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # It is that which comes out of the person that defiles him "What defiles a person is what comes out of him" - diff --git a/mrk/07/21.md b/mrk/07/21.md index 2d431a6cf3..5d7e1d8ab5 100644 --- a/mrk/07/21.md +++ b/mrk/07/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # out of the heart, proceed evil thoughts Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being or mind. Alternate translation: "out of the inner being, come evil thoughts" or "out of the mind, come evil thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/22.md b/mrk/07/22.md index 9717f126a5..cc9a2ba232 100644 --- a/mrk/07/22.md +++ b/mrk/07/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ not controlling one's lustful desires # slander or blasphemy - diff --git a/mrk/07/23.md b/mrk/07/23.md index de4454823c..58fc175c57 100644 --- a/mrk/07/23.md +++ b/mrk/07/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # come from within Here the word "within" describes a person's heart. Alternate translation: "come from within a person's heart" or "come from within a person's thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/24.md b/mrk/07/24.md index 608ffe05c6..45af79e30d 100644 --- a/mrk/07/24.md +++ b/mrk/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: When Jesus goes away to Tyre, he heals the daughter of a Gentile woman who has extraordinary faith. - diff --git a/mrk/07/25.md b/mrk/07/25.md index 3e8581181e..acaeeeebf4 100644 --- a/mrk/07/25.md +++ b/mrk/07/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom meaning that she was possessed by the unclean spirit. Alternate # fell down "knelt." This is an act of honor and submission. - diff --git a/mrk/07/26.md b/mrk/07/26.md index 9da3efd0eb..df946a4dfe 100644 --- a/mrk/07/26.md +++ b/mrk/07/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Now" is used here to mark a pause in the story, as the author gives us # Syrophoenician This is the name of the woman's nationality. She was born in the Phoenician region in Syria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/27.md b/mrk/07/27.md index 51d021abb3..0d69b953a5 100644 --- a/mrk/07/27.md +++ b/mrk/07/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "food" (See: [[rc://en/ta # dogs This refers to small dogs kept as pets. - diff --git a/mrk/07/28.md b/mrk/07/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/07/28.md +++ b/mrk/07/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/07/29.md b/mrk/07/29.md index 7750893868..3da7aeba3c 100644 --- a/mrk/07/29.md +++ b/mrk/07/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus was implying that she no longer needed to stay to ask him to help her daug # The demon has gone out of your daughter Jesus has caused the unclean spirit to leave the woman's daughter. This can be expressed clearly. Alternate translation: "I have caused the evil spirit to leave your daughter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/30.md b/mrk/07/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/07/30.md +++ b/mrk/07/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/07/31.md b/mrk/07/31.md index 1c09b1d668..e78b09bfc0 100644 --- a/mrk/07/31.md +++ b/mrk/07/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "in the region" as Jesus is at the sea in the region of # Decapolis This is the name of a region that means Ten Cities. It is located to the southeast of the Sea of Galilee. See how you translated this in [Mark 5:20](../05/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/32.md b/mrk/07/32.md index 989ebca664..bf74df4465 100644 --- a/mrk/07/32.md +++ b/mrk/07/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # they begged him to lay his hand on him Prophets and teachers would put their hands on people in order to heal them or bless them. In this case, people are begging Jesus to heal a man. Alternate translation: "they begged Jesus to put his hand on the man to heal him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/33.md b/mrk/07/33.md index e9a785465b..650a7df0a5 100644 --- a/mrk/07/33.md +++ b/mrk/07/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is putting his own fingers in the man's ears. # then he spit and touched his tongue It may be helpful to state that Jesus spit on his fingers. Alternate translation: "then he spit on his fingers and touched the man's tongue with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/34.md b/mrk/07/34.md index e926ad3a9a..a6a3cfce96 100644 --- a/mrk/07/34.md +++ b/mrk/07/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that Jesus groaned or that he let out a long deep breath that could b # Ephphatha This is an Aramaic word. It should be copied into your language using your alphabet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/35.md b/mrk/07/35.md index e19e521c7f..a58f495796 100644 --- a/mrk/07/35.md +++ b/mrk/07/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means he was able to hear. Alternate translation: "his ears were opened and # the bond of his tongue was released This metaphor speaks of the man's tongue as if it were bound by a rope or chain that kept the man from speaking and that Jesus broke or loosened so the man could speak. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus released the bond of his tongue" or "Jesus set his tongue free" or "Jesus enabled the man to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/36.md b/mrk/07/36.md index a2798ca325..8041a7a048 100644 --- a/mrk/07/36.md +++ b/mrk/07/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # But the more he ordered them, the more abundantly they proclaimed it The refers to him ordering them not to tell anyone about what he had done. Alternate translation: "But though he continually ordered them not to tell anyone, they continually proclaimed it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -6,4 +5,3 @@ The refers to him ordering them not to tell anyone about what he had done. Alter # the more abundantly "the more widely" or "the more" - diff --git a/mrk/07/37.md b/mrk/07/37.md index e3aadd4d9d..15e34de1c2 100644 --- a/mrk/07/37.md +++ b/mrk/07/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the deaf hear and the mute speak These refer to people. Alternate translation: "the deaf people hear and the mute people speak" or "people who cannot hear, hear, and people who cannot speak, speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/07/intro.md b/mrk/07/intro.md index aa15373bf8..572202271a 100644 --- a/mrk/07/intro.md +++ b/mrk/07/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Mark 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 7:6-7, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Hand washing +### Hand washing The Pharisees washed many things that were not dirty because they were trying to make God think that they were good. They washed their hands before they ate, even when their hands were not dirty, though the law of Moses did not say that they had to do it. Jesus told them that they were wrong and that people make God happy by thinking and doing the right things. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "Ephphatha" +### "Ephphatha" This is an Aramaic word. Mark wrote it the way it sounds using Greek letters and then explained what it means. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an Aramaic word. Mark wrote it the way it sounds using Greek letters and * __[Mark 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/08/01.md b/mrk/08/01.md index c146db43f4..f39f1481ad 100644 --- a/mrk/08/01.md +++ b/mrk/08/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A great, hungry crowd is with Jesus. He feeds them using only seven loaves and a # In those days This phrase is used to introduce a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/02.md b/mrk/08/02.md index 84ad46a6ea..611d91ae0e 100644 --- a/mrk/08/02.md +++ b/mrk/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they continue to be with me already for three days and have nothing to eat "this is this third day these people have been with me, and they have nothing to eat" - diff --git a/mrk/08/03.md b/mrk/08/03.md index 049f512fb6..0db0b90554 100644 --- a/mrk/08/03.md +++ b/mrk/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they may faint Possible meanings are 1) literal, "they may lose consciousness temporarily" or 2) hyperbolic exaggeration, "they may become weak." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/04.md b/mrk/08/04.md index 38496066aa..918d9ad172 100644 --- a/mrk/08/04.md +++ b/mrk/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The disciples are expressing surprise that Jesus would expect them to be able to # loaves of bread Loaves of bread are lumps of dough that have been shaped and baked. - diff --git a/mrk/08/05.md b/mrk/08/05.md index 7fa38ccdaf..ea916e1041 100644 --- a/mrk/08/05.md +++ b/mrk/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He asked them "Jesus asked his disciples" - diff --git a/mrk/08/06.md b/mrk/08/06.md index dccfabecb0..cd5221a421 100644 --- a/mrk/08/06.md +++ b/mrk/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be written as a direct quote. "Jesus commanded the crowd, 'Sit down on # sit down Use your language's word for how people customarily eat when there is no table, whether sitting or lying down. - diff --git a/mrk/08/07.md b/mrk/08/07.md index c7172cd5df..86937e6ebf 100644 --- a/mrk/08/07.md +++ b/mrk/08/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "they" is used to refer to Jesus and his disciples. # he gave thanks for them "Jesus gave thanks for the fish" - diff --git a/mrk/08/08.md b/mrk/08/08.md index 689ff356e6..9442e6a117 100644 --- a/mrk/08/08.md +++ b/mrk/08/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the remaining broken pieces, seven large baskets This refers to the broken pieces of fish and bread that were left over after the people ate. Alternate translation: "the remaining broken pieces of bread and fish, which filled seven large baskets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/09.md b/mrk/08/09.md index e8b516ffa4..67e5a27b5c 100644 --- a/mrk/08/09.md +++ b/mrk/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then he sent them away It may be helpful to clarify when he sent them away. Alternate translation: "After they ate, Jesus sent them away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/10.md b/mrk/08/10.md index 388b086892..1b78ac9332 100644 --- a/mrk/08/10.md +++ b/mrk/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to clarify how they got to Dalmanutha. Alternate translation: # Dalmanutha This is the name of a place on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/11.md b/mrk/08/11.md index 6361923fb9..f0de9ae10e 100644 --- a/mrk/08/11.md +++ b/mrk/08/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They wanted a sign that would prove that Jesus's power and authority were from G # to test him The Pharisees tried to test Jesus to make him prove that he was from God. Some information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "to prove that God had sent him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/12.md b/mrk/08/12.md index f5c73bd79f..80244e0dfc 100644 --- a/mrk/08/12.md +++ b/mrk/08/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ When Jesus speaks of "this generation," he is referring to the people who lived # no sign will be given This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not give a sign" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/13.md b/mrk/08/13.md index dfcab8538e..77a39e4346 100644 --- a/mrk/08/13.md +++ b/mrk/08/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus's disciples went with him. Some information can be made explicit. Alternat # to the other side This describes the Sea of Galilee, which can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "to the other side of the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/14.md b/mrk/08/14.md index 1f96bbb4cf..ef754ec802 100644 --- a/mrk/08/14.md +++ b/mrk/08/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a pause in the story. Here the author tells backg # no more than one loaf The negative phrase "no more" is used to emphasize how small an amount of bread they had. Alternate translation: "only one loaf" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/15.md b/mrk/08/15.md index 308168fa7a..b25b533b01 100644 --- a/mrk/08/15.md +++ b/mrk/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two terms have a common meaning and are repeated here for emphasis. They c # the yeast of the Pharisees and the yeast of Herod Here Jesus is speaking to his disciples in a metaphor they do not understand. Jesus is comparing the Pharisees' and Herod's teachings to yeast, but you should not explain this when you translate it because the disciples themselves did not understand it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/16.md b/mrk/08/16.md index b0eaa63f35..45a2f3e406 100644 --- a/mrk/08/16.md +++ b/mrk/08/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no bread The word "no" is an exaggeration. The disciples did have one loaf of bread ([Mark 8:14](../08/14.md)), but because there were so many of them, that was almost like having no bread at all. Alternate translation: "very little bread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/17.md b/mrk/08/17.md index 8e33b08b3b..6708c027a2 100644 --- a/mrk/08/17.md +++ b/mrk/08/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These questions have the same meaning and are used together to emphasize that th # Do you have hardened hearts? Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's mind and "hardened" is a metaphor for not being able or willing to understand something. Jesus uses a question to scold the disciples. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You are so slow to understand what I mean!" or "You are unwilling to understand what I mean!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/18.md b/mrk/08/18.md index 55eed65216..3bf1022940 100644 --- a/mrk/08/18.md +++ b/mrk/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have eyes, do you not see? You have ears, do you not hear? Do you not remember? Jesus continues to mildly rebuke his disciples. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "You have eyes, but you do not understand what you see. You have ears, but you do not understand what you hear. You should remember." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/19.md b/mrk/08/19.md index 006cb4953a..0a3f7d21c3 100644 --- a/mrk/08/19.md +++ b/mrk/08/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the 5,000 people Jesus fed. Alternate translation: "the 5,000 peo # how many baskets full of broken pieces of bread did you take up It may be helpful to state when they collected the baskets of pieces. Alternate translation: "how many baskets full of broken pieces of bread did you collect after everyone finished eating" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/20.md b/mrk/08/20.md index 0b86057f42..ab4d95d3ae 100644 --- a/mrk/08/20.md +++ b/mrk/08/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the 4,000 people Jesus fed. Alternate translation: "the 4,000 peo # how many basketfuls of broken pieces of bread did you take up It may be helpful to state when they collected these. Alternate translation: "how many baskets full of broken pieces of bread did you collect after everyone finished eating" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/21.md b/mrk/08/21.md index e6101e04e5..1dfa8d0eec 100644 --- a/mrk/08/21.md +++ b/mrk/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you not yet understand? Jesus is mildly rebuking his disciples for not understanding. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should understand by now the things I say and do." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/22.md b/mrk/08/22.md index 11c804ce57..fbc3ad36c6 100644 --- a/mrk/08/22.md +++ b/mrk/08/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a town on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee. See how you translat # to touch him It may be helpful to state why they wanted Jesus to touch the man. Alternate translation: "to touch him in order to heal him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/23.md b/mrk/08/23.md index c74acf9c92..3b13692121 100644 --- a/mrk/08/23.md +++ b/mrk/08/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When he had spit on his eyes ... he asked him "When Jesus had spit on the man's eyes ... Jesus asked the man" - diff --git a/mrk/08/24.md b/mrk/08/24.md index 5776d1cba3..91130f01ba 100644 --- a/mrk/08/24.md +++ b/mrk/08/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I see men who look like walking trees The man sees men walking around, yet they are not clear to him, so he compares them to trees. Alternate translation: "Yes, I see people! They are walking around, but I cannot see them clearly. They look like trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/25.md b/mrk/08/25.md index 77005e2f85..7e0101abe1 100644 --- a/mrk/08/25.md +++ b/mrk/08/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and the man opened his eyes, his sight was restored The phrase "his sight was restored" can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "restoring the man's sight, and then the man opened his eyes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/26.md b/mrk/08/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/08/26.md +++ b/mrk/08/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/08/27.md b/mrk/08/27.md index bfc9630ce1..f1a7457bfd 100644 --- a/mrk/08/27.md +++ b/mrk/08/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Jesus and his disciples talk on their way to the villages of Caesarea Philippi about who Jesus is and what will happen to him. - diff --git a/mrk/08/28.md b/mrk/08/28.md index 8c55c41490..d2e8394e42 100644 --- a/mrk/08/28.md +++ b/mrk/08/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The disciples answer that this was who some people said Jesus was. This can be s # Others say ... others The word "others" refers to other people. This refers to their responses to Jesus's question. Alternate translation: "Other people say you are ... other people say you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/29.md b/mrk/08/29.md index 7fa38ccdaf..ea916e1041 100644 --- a/mrk/08/29.md +++ b/mrk/08/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He asked them "Jesus asked his disciples" - diff --git a/mrk/08/30.md b/mrk/08/30.md index 4b60668138..7a586a4263 100644 --- a/mrk/08/30.md +++ b/mrk/08/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus warned them not to tell anyone about him. Jesus did not want them to tell anyone that he was the Christ. This can be made more explicit. This can also be written as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "Jesus warned them not to tell anyone that he is the Christ." or "Jesus warned them, 'Do not tell anyone that I am the Christ.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/31.md b/mrk/08/31.md index 7a4a990c99..f471a1bfeb 100644 --- a/mrk/08/31.md +++ b/mrk/08/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sono # would be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes, and would be killed, and after three days rise up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the elders and the chief priests and the scribes would reject him, and that men would kill him, and that after three days he would rise up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/32.md b/mrk/08/32.md index a7f12bc8d3..b0d414853e 100644 --- a/mrk/08/32.md +++ b/mrk/08/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "He said this so that people could hear him" or 2) "He # began to rebuke him Peter rebuked Jesus for saying the things he said would happen to the Son of Man. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "began to rebuke him for saying these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/33.md b/mrk/08/33.md index 289c11de40..e396ab8b6d 100644 --- a/mrk/08/33.md +++ b/mrk/08/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus means that Peter is acting like Satan because Peter is trying to prevent J # Get behind me "Get away from me" - diff --git a/mrk/08/34.md b/mrk/08/34.md index 8ea6cc3b5b..c5a07e9d48 100644 --- a/mrk/08/34.md +++ b/mrk/08/34.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Following Jesus here represents being one of his disciples. Alternate translatio # follow me Following Jesus here represents obeying him. Alternate translation: "obey me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/35.md b/mrk/08/35.md index e608894bbd..95ad2ff23a 100644 --- a/mrk/08/35.md +++ b/mrk/08/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to both physical life and spiritual life. # for my sake and for the gospel "because of me and because of the gospel." Jesus is talking about people who lose their lives because they follow Jesus and the gospel. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "because he follows me and tells others the gospel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/08/36.md b/mrk/08/36.md index 572cc73adc..d28c1babd9 100644 --- a/mrk/08/36.md +++ b/mrk/08/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "the whole world" are an exaggeration for great riches. Alternate tran # forfeit To forfeit something is to lose it or to have another person take it away. - diff --git a/mrk/08/37.md b/mrk/08/37.md index fa6ad77b75..b789cd7c44 100644 --- a/mrk/08/37.md +++ b/mrk/08/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "There is nothing a p # What can a person give If in your language "giving" requires someone to receive what is given, "God" can be stated as the receiver. Alternate translation: "What can a person give to God" - diff --git a/mrk/08/38.md b/mrk/08/38.md index 93ef37de9f..7c7b187a84 100644 --- a/mrk/08/38.md +++ b/mrk/08/38.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ When Jesus returns he will have the same glory as his Father. # with the holy angels "accompanied by the holy angels" - diff --git a/mrk/08/intro.md b/mrk/08/intro.md index 90867082f6..da39a2cccf 100644 --- a/mrk/08/intro.md +++ b/mrk/08/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,26 @@ # Mark 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Bread -#### Bread When Jesus worked a miracle and provided bread for a large crowd of people, they probably thought about when God miraculously provided food for the people of Israel when they were in the wilderness. Yeast is the ingredient that causes bread to become larger before it is baked. In this chapter, Jesus uses yeast as a metaphor for things that change the way people think, speak, and act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### "Adulterous generation" +### "Adulterous generation" When Jesus called the people an "adulterous generation," he was telling them that they were not faithful to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical Questions +### Rhetorical Questions Jesus used many rhetorical questions as a way of both teaching the disciples ([Mark 8:17-21](./17.md)) and scolding the people ([Mark 8:12](../../mrk/08/12.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jesus uses a paradox when he says, "Whoever wants to save his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life for my sake will find it" ([Mark 8:35-37](./35.md)). @@ -28,4 +29,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jes * __[Mark 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/09/01.md b/mrk/09/01.md index 2044ced04a..0ae46167b6 100644 --- a/mrk/09/01.md +++ b/mrk/09/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the kingdom of God come with power The kingdom of God coming represents God showing himself as king. Alternate translation: "God show himself with great power as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/02.md b/mrk/09/02.md index 59e83f3e90..4ffab445ee 100644 --- a/mrk/09/02.md +++ b/mrk/09/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author uses the reflexive pronoun "themselves" here to emphasize that they w # before them "in front of them" - diff --git a/mrk/09/03.md b/mrk/09/03.md index 08824614a6..eff0802144 100644 --- a/mrk/09/03.md +++ b/mrk/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # whiter than any bleacher on earth could bleach them Bleaching describes the process of making natural white wool even whiter by using chemicals like bleach or ammonia. Alternate translation: "whiter than any person on earth could whiten them" - diff --git a/mrk/09/04.md b/mrk/09/04.md index 3870a9424f..c46a28aa9d 100644 --- a/mrk/09/04.md +++ b/mrk/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to state who these men are. Alternate translation: "two prophe # they were talking The word "they" refers to Elijah and Moses. - diff --git a/mrk/09/05.md b/mrk/09/05.md index 7ffe412520..0679d63f4a 100644 --- a/mrk/09/05.md +++ b/mrk/09/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is not clear whether "us" refers only to Peter, James, and John, or if it ref # shelters simple, temporary places in which to sit or sleep - diff --git a/mrk/09/06.md b/mrk/09/06.md index 6b383d183d..6c02465215 100644 --- a/mrk/09/06.md +++ b/mrk/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This parenthetical sentence tells background information about Peter, James, and # they were terrified "they were very frightened" or "they were very afraid" - diff --git a/mrk/09/07.md b/mrk/09/07.md index 9987d2f2da..8ff82c64bf 100644 --- a/mrk/09/07.md +++ b/mrk/09/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God the Father expresses his love for his "beloved Son," the Son of God. # beloved Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/08.md b/mrk/09/08.md index 4914d31d0c..07838bf126 100644 --- a/mrk/09/08.md +++ b/mrk/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when they looked Here "they" refers to Peter, James, and John. - diff --git a/mrk/09/09.md b/mrk/09/09.md index 6a25876f94..fe953d785c 100644 --- a/mrk/09/09.md +++ b/mrk/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This implies that he was permitting them to tell people about what they had seen # risen from the dead "risen from among the dead." This speaks of becoming alive again. The phrase "the dead" refers to "dead people" and is a metonym for death. Alternate translation: "risen from death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/10.md b/mrk/09/10.md index ab317bef77..95bf99ee35 100644 --- a/mrk/09/10.md +++ b/mrk/09/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # So they kept the matter to themselves Here "kept the matter to themselves" is an idiom that means they did not tell anyone about what they had seen. Alternate translation: "So they did not tell anyone about what they had seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/11.md b/mrk/09/11.md index dfb6db8ed4..f6e5626e72 100644 --- a/mrk/09/11.md +++ b/mrk/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to Peter, James, and John. # Why do the scribes say that Elijah must come first? Prophecy foretold that Elijah would come again from heaven. Then the Messiah, who is the Son of Man, would come to rule and reign. The disciples are confused about how the Son of Man could die and rise again. Alternate translation: "Why do the scribes say that Elijah must come before the Messiah comes?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/12.md b/mrk/09/12.md index 17e023c560..59c17e979c 100644 --- a/mrk/09/12.md +++ b/mrk/09/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to remind his disciples that the scriptures also teach # be despised This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people would hate him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/13.md b/mrk/09/13.md index ad0344d539..89fc6b2346 100644 --- a/mrk/09/13.md +++ b/mrk/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they did whatever they wanted to him It may be helpful to state what people did to Elijah. Alternate translation: "our leaders treated him very badly, just as they wanted to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/14.md b/mrk/09/14.md index fbacabe014..bd8d2f9995 100644 --- a/mrk/09/14.md +++ b/mrk/09/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus, Peter, James, and John returned to the other disciples who had not gone w # scribes were arguing with them The scribes were arguing with the disciples who had not gone with Jesus. - diff --git a/mrk/09/15.md b/mrk/09/15.md index 17a4ba29f1..2d5eb7ca9b 100644 --- a/mrk/09/15.md +++ b/mrk/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # was amazed It may be helpful to state why they were amazed. Alternate translation: "was amazed that Jesus had come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/16.md b/mrk/09/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/09/16.md +++ b/mrk/09/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/09/17.md b/mrk/09/17.md index bf15a26d5c..435d810940 100644 --- a/mrk/09/17.md +++ b/mrk/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He has a spirit This means the boy is possessed by an unclean spirit. "He has an unclean spirit" or "He is possessed by an unclean spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/18.md b/mrk/09/18.md index eebbfc3c0c..fc3c8689a5 100644 --- a/mrk/09/18.md +++ b/mrk/09/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A convulsion, or seizure, can cause a person to have trouble breathing or swallo # they could not This refers to the disciples not being about to drive the spirit out of the boy. Alternate translation: "they could not drive it out of him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/19.md b/mrk/09/19.md index a509659606..0cb7e4f529 100644 --- a/mrk/09/19.md +++ b/mrk/09/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus uses these questions to express his frustration. Both questions have the s # Bring him to me "Bring the boy to me" - diff --git a/mrk/09/20.md b/mrk/09/20.md index d8635c7fd8..176c868781 100644 --- a/mrk/09/20.md +++ b/mrk/09/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the unclean spirit. See how you translated this in [Mark 9:17](.. # convulsion This is the violent shaking of a person's body that can occur when that person has no control over his body. - diff --git a/mrk/09/21.md b/mrk/09/21.md index bfca7d4841..4c3d409b53 100644 --- a/mrk/09/21.md +++ b/mrk/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Since childhood "Since he was a small child." It may be helpful to state this as a full sentence. Alternate translation: "He has been like this since he was a small child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/22.md b/mrk/09/22.md index 679d27e015..386fd458c4 100644 --- a/mrk/09/22.md +++ b/mrk/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have pity "have compassion" - diff --git a/mrk/09/23.md b/mrk/09/23.md index d327b436b2..b5b18bc4d7 100644 --- a/mrk/09/23.md +++ b/mrk/09/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus used this question to rebuke the man's doubt. It can be expressed as a sta # believes This refers to belief in God. Alternate translation: "believes in God" - diff --git a/mrk/09/24.md b/mrk/09/24.md index afd608cc9e..fd12e51093 100644 --- a/mrk/09/24.md +++ b/mrk/09/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Help my unbelief The man is asking Jesus to help him overcome his unbelief and increase his faith. Alternate translation: "Help me when I do not believe" or "Help me have more faith" - diff --git a/mrk/09/25.md b/mrk/09/25.md index 5a7288a07b..82d9d2401d 100644 --- a/mrk/09/25.md +++ b/mrk/09/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that more people were running toward where Jesus was and that the cro # You mute and deaf spirit The words "mute" and "deaf" can be explained. Alternate translation: "You unclean spirit, you who are causing the boy to be unable to speak and unable to hear" - diff --git a/mrk/09/26.md b/mrk/09/26.md index 52ed6a1734..b3bb75d8d5 100644 --- a/mrk/09/26.md +++ b/mrk/09/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The boy's appearance is compared to that of a dead person. Alternate translation # so that many "so that many people" - diff --git a/mrk/09/27.md b/mrk/09/27.md index dc02646baa..8755673d6b 100644 --- a/mrk/09/27.md +++ b/mrk/09/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that Jesus grasped the boy's hand with his own hand. Alternate transl # lifted him up "helped him get up" - diff --git a/mrk/09/28.md b/mrk/09/28.md index 112b85d76c..e38fb17317 100644 --- a/mrk/09/28.md +++ b/mrk/09/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means they were alone. # cast it out "cast the unclean spirit out." This refers to casting the spirit out of the boy. Alternate translation: "cast the unclean spirit out of the boy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/29.md b/mrk/09/29.md index 930832c8ae..21654e3ae9 100644 --- a/mrk/09/29.md +++ b/mrk/09/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "cannot" and "except" are both negative words. In some languages it is # This kind This describes unclean spirits. Alternate translation: "This kind of unclean spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/30.md b/mrk/09/30.md index 38d09faa64..774529171f 100644 --- a/mrk/09/30.md +++ b/mrk/09/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ After he heals the demon-possessed boy, Jesus and his disciples leave the house # passed through "traveled through" or "passed by" - diff --git a/mrk/09/31.md b/mrk/09/31.md index 8dbfec0575..4b00b2b35b 100644 --- a/mrk/09/31.md +++ b/mrk/09/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hands" is a metonym for control. Alternate translation: "into the control # When he has been put to death, after three days he This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After they have put him to death and three days have passed, he" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/32.md b/mrk/09/32.md index b543488e6e..759163195d 100644 --- a/mrk/09/32.md +++ b/mrk/09/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they were afraid to ask him They were afraid to ask Jesus what his statement meant. Alternate translation: "they were afraid to ask him what it meant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/33.md b/mrk/09/33.md index 5afa02bb46..f24d2b4ccf 100644 --- a/mrk/09/33.md +++ b/mrk/09/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ When they come to Capernaum, Jesus teaches his disciples about being humble serv # were you discussing "were you discussing with one another" - diff --git a/mrk/09/34.md b/mrk/09/34.md index 18ae04895e..06ffb2c3bd 100644 --- a/mrk/09/34.md +++ b/mrk/09/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They were silent because they were ashamed to tell Jesus what they had been disc # who was the greatest Here "the greatest" refers to "the greatest" among the disciples. Alternate translation: "who was the greatest among them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/35.md b/mrk/09/35.md index 8029a334a3..10b78b8f75 100644 --- a/mrk/09/35.md +++ b/mrk/09/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "first" and "last" are opposites of one another. Jesus speaks of # of all ... of all "of all people ... of all people" - diff --git a/mrk/09/36.md b/mrk/09/36.md index c6df865a62..581563ee28 100644 --- a/mrk/09/36.md +++ b/mrk/09/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He took him in his arms This means that he hugged the child or picked him up and placed him on his lap. - diff --git a/mrk/09/37.md b/mrk/09/37.md index a8b95aeb83..8a218e46d5 100644 --- a/mrk/09/37.md +++ b/mrk/09/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to do something because of love for Jesus. Alternate translation: "be # the one who sent me This refers to God, who has sent him to earth. Alternate translation: "God, who has sent me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/38.md b/mrk/09/38.md index 5e152e234f..51e9c58101 100644 --- a/mrk/09/38.md +++ b/mrk/09/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "name" is associated with Jesus's authority and power. Alternate translatio # he does not follow us This means that he is not among their group of disciples. Alternate translation: "he is not one of us" or "he does not walk with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/39.md b/mrk/09/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/09/39.md +++ b/mrk/09/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/09/40.md b/mrk/09/40.md index 443555bbb3..acf5715213 100644 --- a/mrk/09/40.md +++ b/mrk/09/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # is for us It can be explained clearly what this means. Alternate translation: "is trying to achieve the same goals that we are" - diff --git a/mrk/09/41.md b/mrk/09/41.md index d040916906..a9d467d2a0 100644 --- a/mrk/09/41.md +++ b/mrk/09/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus speaks about giving someone a cup of water as an example of how one person # not lose This negative sentence emphasizes the positive meaning. In some languages, it is more natural to use a positive statement. Alternate translation: "definitely receive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/42.md b/mrk/09/42.md index 76ef6d4827..87ec6721a6 100644 --- a/mrk/09/42.md +++ b/mrk/09/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # millstone a large, round stone used for grinding grain into flour - diff --git a/mrk/09/43.md b/mrk/09/43.md index ecb0fb8139..145a945fb1 100644 --- a/mrk/09/43.md +++ b/mrk/09/43.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ missing a body part as a result of having it removed or being injured. Here it r # into the unquenchable fire "where the fire cannot be put out" - diff --git a/mrk/09/44.md b/mrk/09/44.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/09/44.md +++ b/mrk/09/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/09/45.md b/mrk/09/45.md index b6fa4cceff..2c1011f67c 100644 --- a/mrk/09/45.md +++ b/mrk/09/45.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Dying and then beginning to live eternally is spoken of as entering into life. A # be thrown into hell This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for God to throw you into hell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/46.md b/mrk/09/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/09/46.md +++ b/mrk/09/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/09/47.md b/mrk/09/47.md index 8123b865c4..a05b371cd5 100644 --- a/mrk/09/47.md +++ b/mrk/09/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the state of a person's physical body when he dies. A person does # to be thrown into hell This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: "for God to throw you into hell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/48.md b/mrk/09/48.md index 2f0b38f396..1eb9c2eb83 100644 --- a/mrk/09/48.md +++ b/mrk/09/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where their worm does not die The meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "where worms that eat people there do not die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/49.md b/mrk/09/49.md index a366ef69e7..764421fa38 100644 --- a/mrk/09/49.md +++ b/mrk/09/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will salt everyon # will be salted with fire Here "fire" is a metaphor for suffering, and putting salt on people is a metaphor for purifying them. So "will be salted with fire" is a metaphor for being purified through suffering. Alternate translation: "will be made pure in the fire of suffering" or "will suffer in order to be purified as a sacrifice is purified with salt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/50.md b/mrk/09/50.md index 4e4734e553..dfb4b83f9c 100644 --- a/mrk/09/50.md +++ b/mrk/09/50.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "you cannot make it s # Have salt among yourselves Jesus speaks of doing good things for one another as if good things were salt that people possess. Alternate translation: "Do good to each other, like salt adds flavor to food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/09/intro.md b/mrk/09/intro.md index ad7c722eab..e765e26bac 100644 --- a/mrk/09/intro.md +++ b/mrk/09/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,28 @@ # Mark 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "transfigured" +### "transfigured" Scripture often speaks of God's glory as a great, brilliant light. When people see this light, they are afraid. Mark says in this chapter that Jesus's clothing shone with this glorious light so that his followers could see that Jesus truly was God's Son. At the same time, God told them that Jesus was his Son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Hyperbole +### Hyperbole Jesus said things that he did not expect his followers to understand literally. When he said, "If your hand causes you to stumble, cut it off" ([Mark 9:43](../../mrk/09/43.md)), he was exaggerating so they would know that they should stay away from anything that caused them to sin, even if it was something they loved or thought they needed. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Elijah and Moses +### Elijah and Moses Elijah and Moses suddenly appeared to Jesus, James, John, and Peter, and then they disappeared. All four of them saw Elijah and Moses, and because Elijah and Moses spoke with Jesus, the reader should understand that Elijah and Moses appeared physically. -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus referred to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Mark 9:31](../../mrk/09/31.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jesus used a paradox when he said, "If anyone wants to be first, he must be last of all and servant of all" ([Mark 9:35](../../mrk/09/35.md)). @@ -31,4 +31,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jes * __[Mark 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/10/01.md b/mrk/10/01.md index 95c6cc72d2..0b6201abd3 100644 --- a/mrk/10/01.md +++ b/mrk/10/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the crowds. # he was accustomed to do "was his custom" or "he usually did" - diff --git a/mrk/10/02.md b/mrk/10/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/10/02.md +++ b/mrk/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/10/03.md b/mrk/10/03.md index 499ccb718f..e162a46d56 100644 --- a/mrk/10/03.md +++ b/mrk/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What did Moses command you Moses gave the law to their ancestors, which they now were also supposed to follow. Alternate translation: "What did Moses command your ancestors about this" - diff --git a/mrk/10/04.md b/mrk/10/04.md index cd5a7e24ac..a99203d436 100644 --- a/mrk/10/04.md +++ b/mrk/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a certificate of divorce This was a paper saying that the woman was no longer his wife. - diff --git a/mrk/10/05.md b/mrk/10/05.md index 5c21cb2798..6c5f3b0a90 100644 --- a/mrk/10/05.md +++ b/mrk/10/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Long before this time, Moses wrote this law for the Jews and their descendants b # your hard hearts Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's inner being or mind. The phrase "hard hearts" is a metaphor for "stubbornness." Alternate translation: "your stubbornness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/06.md b/mrk/10/06.md index 026790776c..0bd439501b 100644 --- a/mrk/10/06.md +++ b/mrk/10/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God made them "God made people" - diff --git a/mrk/10/07.md b/mrk/10/07.md index 718bb30167..b1011c5efe 100644 --- a/mrk/10/07.md +++ b/mrk/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus continues to quote what God said in the book of Genesis. # be united to his wife "join with his wife" - diff --git a/mrk/10/08.md b/mrk/10/08.md index 5bdd0579c6..4789bfc4b2 100644 --- a/mrk/10/08.md +++ b/mrk/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus finishes quoting what God said in the book of Genesis. # they are no longer two, but one flesh This is a metaphor to illustrate their close union as husband and wife. Alternate translation: "the two people are like one person" or "they are no longer two, but together they are one body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/09.md b/mrk/10/09.md index e9b1c769d7..23a284e48b 100644 --- a/mrk/10/09.md +++ b/mrk/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Therefore what God has joined together, let no man tear apart The phrase "what God has joined together" refers to any married couple. Alternate translation: "Therefore since God has joined together husband and wife, let no one tear them apart" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/10.md b/mrk/10/10.md index b928b1a327..73948efe2f 100644 --- a/mrk/10/10.md +++ b/mrk/10/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus's disciples were speaking to him privately. Alternate translation: were al # asked him again about this The word "this" refers to the conversation that Jesus had just had with the Pharisees about divorce. - diff --git a/mrk/10/11.md b/mrk/10/11.md index ae731c7f74..f809c33124 100644 --- a/mrk/10/11.md +++ b/mrk/10/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # commits adultery against her Here "her" refers to the first woman he was married to. - diff --git a/mrk/10/12.md b/mrk/10/12.md index f4c808ffea..f2522bddc5 100644 --- a/mrk/10/12.md +++ b/mrk/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she commits adultery In this situation she commits adultery again her previous husband. Alternate translation: "she commits adultery against him" or "she commits adultery against the first man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/13.md b/mrk/10/13.md index c16e4f7621..b553c7bad1 100644 --- a/mrk/10/13.md +++ b/mrk/10/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that Jesus would touch them with his hands and bless them. Alternate # rebuked them "rebuked the people" - diff --git a/mrk/10/14.md b/mrk/10/14.md index 63037d4a04..d5fc68fd7c 100644 --- a/mrk/10/14.md +++ b/mrk/10/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two clauses have similar meanings, repeated for emphasis. In some language # for the kingdom of God belongs to those who are like them The kingdom belonging to people represents the kingdom including them. Alternate translation: "the kingdom of God includes people who are like them" or "because only people like them are members of the kingdom of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/15.md b/mrk/10/15.md index 8db3cf9f9c..e73a499b52 100644 --- a/mrk/10/15.md +++ b/mrk/10/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus is comparing how people must receive the kingdom of God to how little chil # definitely not enter it The word "it" refers to the kingdom of God. - diff --git a/mrk/10/16.md b/mrk/10/16.md index 4dee01bba3..2b034bbc49 100644 --- a/mrk/10/16.md +++ b/mrk/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he took the children into his arms "he hugged the children" - diff --git a/mrk/10/17.md b/mrk/10/17.md index 238ede53c7..caa56dcdc9 100644 --- a/mrk/10/17.md +++ b/mrk/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to inherit eternal life Here the man speaks of "receiving" as if it were "inheriting." This metaphor is used to emphasize the importance of receiving. Also, "inherit" here does not mean that someone has to die first. Alternate translation: to receive eternal life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/18.md b/mrk/10/18.md index 107c79c462..484aed7b02 100644 --- a/mrk/10/18.md +++ b/mrk/10/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus asks this question to remind the man that no man is good the way God is go # No one is good except God alone This double negative emphasizes that God is the only one who is good. Alternate translation: "The only one who is good is God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/19.md b/mrk/10/19.md index 3b42a806bc..9372ba320f 100644 --- a/mrk/10/19.md +++ b/mrk/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not testify falsely "do not testify falsely against anyone" or "do not lie about someone in court" - diff --git a/mrk/10/20.md b/mrk/10/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/10/20.md +++ b/mrk/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/10/21.md b/mrk/10/21.md index c4e949c3c7..974cdc4132 100644 --- a/mrk/10/21.md +++ b/mrk/10/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to poor people. Alternate translation: "poor people" (See: [[rc://en # treasure wealth, valuable things - diff --git a/mrk/10/22.md b/mrk/10/22.md index c918714a75..8bb77c591a 100644 --- a/mrk/10/22.md +++ b/mrk/10/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # had many possessions "owned many things" - diff --git a/mrk/10/23.md b/mrk/10/23.md index ca02153cf7..922121b2e3 100644 --- a/mrk/10/23.md +++ b/mrk/10/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How difficult it is "It is very difficult" - diff --git a/mrk/10/24.md b/mrk/10/24.md index 30c495c3ac..4b235291c8 100644 --- a/mrk/10/24.md +++ b/mrk/10/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # how hard it is "it is very hard" - diff --git a/mrk/10/25.md b/mrk/10/25.md index 1b1232f364..e68fc3e885 100644 --- a/mrk/10/25.md +++ b/mrk/10/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of an impossible situation. If you cannot state this in this way in # the eye of a needle Here "the eye" refers to the small hole in one end of a sewing needle. The thread goes through this hole and ties to the needle. Alternate translation: "the hole of a needle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/26.md b/mrk/10/26.md index 4377e248ce..5f08c1ec7f 100644 --- a/mrk/10/26.md +++ b/mrk/10/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Then who can be saved? This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "If that is so, then no one will be saved!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/27.md b/mrk/10/27.md index 1b91d02844..7a499ddc62 100644 --- a/mrk/10/27.md +++ b/mrk/10/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # With people it is impossible, but not with God The understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: "It is impossible for people to save themselves, but God can save them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/28.md b/mrk/10/28.md index eb12a3b854..a8329c3cfc 100644 --- a/mrk/10/28.md +++ b/mrk/10/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "Look" is used to draw attention to the words that come next. Simi # have left everything "have left everything behind" - diff --git a/mrk/10/29.md b/mrk/10/29.md index 7fefed8f15..af9242b1e2 100644 --- a/mrk/10/29.md +++ b/mrk/10/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Truly I say to you, there is no one + This sentence ends in verse 30. It can be stated in positive form. If so, in verse 30, "who will not receive" would become "will receive." Alternate translation: "Truly I say to you, everyone" # or lands @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ This sentence ends in verse 30. It can be stated in positive form. If so, in ver # for the gospel "to proclaim the gospel" - diff --git a/mrk/10/30.md b/mrk/10/30.md index 7a5e5485ae..6dff51353f 100644 --- a/mrk/10/30.md +++ b/mrk/10/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the ideas in the abstract noun "persecution" are ex # in the world to come "in the future world" or "in the future - diff --git a/mrk/10/31.md b/mrk/10/31.md index 79392a5f00..2f2abba1cf 100644 --- a/mrk/10/31.md +++ b/mrk/10/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "first" and "last" are opposites of one another. Jesus speaks of # the last first The phrase "the last" refers to people who are "last." Also, the understood verb in this clause may be supplied. Alternate translation: "those who are last will be first" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/32.md b/mrk/10/32.md index 248b054bd6..ac70928d61 100644 --- a/mrk/10/32.md +++ b/mrk/10/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # those who were following behind "those who were following behind them." Some people were walking behind Jesus and his disciples. - diff --git a/mrk/10/33.md b/mrk/10/33.md index c8d1cd4f89..ce6b7bd69c 100644 --- a/mrk/10/33.md +++ b/mrk/10/33.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "They" refers to the chief priests and the scribes. # give him over to the Gentiles "betray him to the Gentiles" or "put him under the control of the Gentiles" - diff --git a/mrk/10/34.md b/mrk/10/34.md index ebd26cfa12..36e9222518 100644 --- a/mrk/10/34.md +++ b/mrk/10/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # he will rise This refers to rising from the dead. Alternate translation: "he will rise from being dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/35.md b/mrk/10/35.md index 235d8b6971..dccd1cfe5b 100644 --- a/mrk/10/35.md +++ b/mrk/10/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we ... us These words refer only to James and John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/36.md b/mrk/10/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/10/36.md +++ b/mrk/10/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/10/37.md b/mrk/10/37.md index 43f64774eb..8025eb9da5 100644 --- a/mrk/10/37.md +++ b/mrk/10/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in your glory "when you are glorified." The phrase "in your glory" refers to when Jesus is glorified and rules over his kingdom. Alternate translation: "when you rule in your kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/38.md b/mrk/10/38.md index 8d78fb4a2e..3e86ec9f83 100644 --- a/mrk/10/38.md +++ b/mrk/10/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "cup" refers to what Jesus must suffer. Suffering is often referred to as d # be baptized with the baptism with which I will be baptized Here "baptism" and being baptized represent suffering. Just as water covers a person during baptism, suffering will overwhelm Jesus. Alternate translation: "endure the baptism of suffering which I will suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/39.md b/mrk/10/39.md index 128ea6e86e..baf0064394 100644 --- a/mrk/10/39.md +++ b/mrk/10/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They respond this way, meaning that they are able to drink the same cup and endu # you will drink "you will drink as well" - diff --git a/mrk/10/40.md b/mrk/10/40.md index 425aa4657f..903bbc03a0 100644 --- a/mrk/10/40.md +++ b/mrk/10/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # it has been prepared This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has prepared it" or "God has prepared them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/41.md b/mrk/10/41.md index bfabe2d332..7df21199f7 100644 --- a/mrk/10/41.md +++ b/mrk/10/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # heard about this The word "this" refers to James and John asking to sit at Jesus's right and left hands. - diff --git a/mrk/10/42.md b/mrk/10/42.md index e637d09dc0..f90b4792fc 100644 --- a/mrk/10/42.md +++ b/mrk/10/42.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ have control or power over # exercise authority "flaunt their authority." This means that they show or use their authority in an overbearing way. - diff --git a/mrk/10/43.md b/mrk/10/43.md index dc70953c3d..a511d83c87 100644 --- a/mrk/10/43.md +++ b/mrk/10/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers back to the previous verse about the Gentile rulers. This can be sta # become great "be highly respected" - diff --git a/mrk/10/44.md b/mrk/10/44.md index 1477879f7a..c55ec145ec 100644 --- a/mrk/10/44.md +++ b/mrk/10/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be first This is a metaphor for being the most important. Alternate translation: "to be the most important" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/45.md b/mrk/10/45.md index 0f367cc36c..07321bcbb2 100644 --- a/mrk/10/45.md +++ b/mrk/10/45.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "For the Son of Ma # for many "for many people" - diff --git a/mrk/10/46.md b/mrk/10/46.md index a39fc965f4..e8db92c37f 100644 --- a/mrk/10/46.md +++ b/mrk/10/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ As Jesus and his disciples continue walking toward Jerusalem, Jesus heals blind # the son of Timaeus, Bartimaeus, a blind beggar "a blind beggar named Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus." Bartimaeus is the name of a man. Timaeus is his father's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/47.md b/mrk/10/47.md index 5ffda908de..dcd56dc6fc 100644 --- a/mrk/10/47.md +++ b/mrk/10/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Bartimaeus heard people saying that it was Jesus. Alternate translation: "When h # Son of David Jesus is called the Son of David because he is a descendant of King David. Alternate translation: "You who are the Messiah descended from King David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/10/48.md b/mrk/10/48.md index 0bdd18379c..c185b62473 100644 --- a/mrk/10/48.md +++ b/mrk/10/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the more "even more" - diff --git a/mrk/10/49.md b/mrk/10/49.md index 11c959c000..c907fd47fb 100644 --- a/mrk/10/49.md +++ b/mrk/10/49.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "They" refers to the crowd. # He is calling for you "Jesus is calling for you" - diff --git a/mrk/10/50.md b/mrk/10/50.md index 658abb61e2..9d2f40158d 100644 --- a/mrk/10/50.md +++ b/mrk/10/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sprang up "jumped up" - diff --git a/mrk/10/51.md b/mrk/10/51.md index 39d149af14..c04aae74b8 100644 --- a/mrk/10/51.md +++ b/mrk/10/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to receive my sight "to be able to see" - diff --git a/mrk/10/52.md b/mrk/10/52.md index cd970858e7..eba1c7d53c 100644 --- a/mrk/10/52.md +++ b/mrk/10/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is written this way to place emphasis on the man's faith. Jesus heal # he followed him "he followed Jesus" - diff --git a/mrk/10/intro.md b/mrk/10/intro.md index a932ef7dc8..72570b3a5f 100644 --- a/mrk/10/intro.md +++ b/mrk/10/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,24 @@ # Mark 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted material in 10:7-8. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Jesus's teaching about divorce +### Jesus's teaching about divorce The Pharisees wanted to find a way to make Jesus say that it is good to break the law of Moses, so they asked him about divorce. Jesus tells how God originally designed marriage to show that the Pharisees taught wrongly about divorce. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Metaphors are pictures of visible objects that speakers use to explain invisible truths. When Jesus spoke of "the cup which I will drink," he was speaking of the pain he would suffer on the cross as if it were a bitter, poisonous liquid in a cup. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jesus used a paradox when he said, "Whoever wishes to become great among you must be your servant" ([Mark 10:43](../../mrk/10/43.md)). @@ -27,4 +27,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jes * __[Mark 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/11/01.md b/mrk/11/01.md index bb23a518d1..d5e926866e 100644 --- a/mrk/11/01.md +++ b/mrk/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Bethphage This is the name of a village. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/02.md b/mrk/11/02.md index 44b729a3ce..d5feffaf24 100644 --- a/mrk/11/02.md +++ b/mrk/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a young donkey that is large enough to carry a man. # that has never been ridden This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "that no one has ever ridden" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/03.md b/mrk/11/03.md index 012e454054..ad3fab60c2 100644 --- a/mrk/11/03.md +++ b/mrk/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be written clearly what the word "this" refers to. Alternate translation: # will immediately send it back here Jesus will send it back promptly when he is finished using it. Alternate translation: "will immediately send it back when he no longer needs it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/04.md b/mrk/11/04.md index 2bacafbae9..cc370d5454 100644 --- a/mrk/11/04.md +++ b/mrk/11/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # colt This refers to a young donkey that is large enough to carry a man. See how you translated this in [Mark 11:2](../11/02.md). - diff --git a/mrk/11/05.md b/mrk/11/05.md index 59fd4a8ca1..13738705d7 100644 --- a/mrk/11/05.md +++ b/mrk/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What are you doing, untying that colt? The people wanted to know why the two men were untying the colt. They may have been concerned that the two men were doing something they should not have been doing. Alternate translation: "Why are you untying that colt?" - diff --git a/mrk/11/06.md b/mrk/11/06.md index f493a8c107..9a5b652984 100644 --- a/mrk/11/06.md +++ b/mrk/11/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # let them go their way This means that they allowed them to continue doing what they were doing. Alternate translation: "let them take the donkey with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/07.md b/mrk/11/07.md index 0a998c288e..390566e1ef 100644 --- a/mrk/11/07.md +++ b/mrk/11/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "They" refers to the two disciples. # cloaks "coats" or "robes" - diff --git a/mrk/11/08.md b/mrk/11/08.md index 8f1a2558bc..c7205e46ac 100644 --- a/mrk/11/08.md +++ b/mrk/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It was a tradition to lay garments on the road in front of important people to h # others spread branches they had cut from the fields It was a tradition to lay palm branches on the road in front of important people to honor them. Alternate translation: "others spread on the road branches that they had cut from the fields to honor him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/09.md b/mrk/11/09.md index 86381d815c..dbe528ffa7 100644 --- a/mrk/11/09.md +++ b/mrk/11/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a metonym for the Lord's authority. Alternate translation: "with the aut # Blessed is "May God bless" - diff --git a/mrk/11/10.md b/mrk/11/10.md index ca206f8db2..059a9f8316 100644 --- a/mrk/11/10.md +++ b/mrk/11/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Praise God who is in heaven" or 2) "Let those who are # the highest Here heaven is spoken of as "the highest." Alternate translation: "the highest heaven" or "heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/11.md b/mrk/11/11.md index 0c632f7498..21b442c429 100644 --- a/mrk/11/11.md +++ b/mrk/11/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he went out to Bethany with the twelve "he and his twelve disciples left Jerusalem and went to Bethany" - diff --git a/mrk/11/12.md b/mrk/11/12.md index 32c111aadb..4aaf41f4d6 100644 --- a/mrk/11/12.md +++ b/mrk/11/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was hungry "Jesus was hungry" - diff --git a/mrk/11/13.md b/mrk/11/13.md index 24a0aa7f1f..23b9ee8fa4 100644 --- a/mrk/11/13.md +++ b/mrk/11/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that he did not find any figs. Alternate translation: "he found only # the season "the time of year" - diff --git a/mrk/11/14.md b/mrk/11/14.md index 7721388daf..ed0d681d39 100644 --- a/mrk/11/14.md +++ b/mrk/11/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus speaks to the fig tree and curses it. He speaks to it so that his disciple # his disciples heard it The word "it" refers to Jesus speaking to the fig tree. - diff --git a/mrk/11/15.md b/mrk/11/15.md index a4c87fa185..83df00df0b 100644 --- a/mrk/11/15.md +++ b/mrk/11/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is driving these people out of the temple. This can be written clearly. Al # the sellers and the buyers "the people who were buying and selling" - diff --git a/mrk/11/16.md b/mrk/11/16.md index d8b43829d4..ce6fd785cc 100644 --- a/mrk/11/16.md +++ b/mrk/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to carry anything through the temple that could be sold "to carry anything that could be sold through the temple" - diff --git a/mrk/11/17.md b/mrk/11/17.md index bc317a9cef..5e99e0e5cc 100644 --- a/mrk/11/17.md +++ b/mrk/11/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus compares the people to robbers and the temple to a robbers' den. Alternate # a den of robbers "a cave where robbers hide" - diff --git a/mrk/11/18.md b/mrk/11/18.md index 8ab8a13047..5814d04a49 100644 --- a/mrk/11/18.md +++ b/mrk/11/18.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ # to destroy him -"to kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) \ No newline at end of file +"to kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) diff --git a/mrk/11/19.md b/mrk/11/19.md index 937711b213..934e929de4 100644 --- a/mrk/11/19.md +++ b/mrk/11/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they left the city "Jesus and his disciples left the city" - diff --git a/mrk/11/20.md b/mrk/11/20.md index 295247da68..8fd6b1e9b4 100644 --- a/mrk/11/20.md +++ b/mrk/11/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translate this statement to clarify that the tree died. Alternate translation: " # withered away "dried up" - diff --git a/mrk/11/21.md b/mrk/11/21.md index 7df9961f0f..c5329ae4bb 100644 --- a/mrk/11/21.md +++ b/mrk/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Peter remembered It may be helpful to state what Peter remembered. Alternate translation: "Peter remembered what Jesus had said to the fig tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/22.md b/mrk/11/22.md index 889e48c7b3..2dfb684900 100644 --- a/mrk/11/22.md +++ b/mrk/11/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jesus answered them "Jesus replied to his disciples" - diff --git a/mrk/11/23.md b/mrk/11/23.md index 2c9444000d..6e7e1aa4e5 100644 --- a/mrk/11/23.md +++ b/mrk/11/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's mind or inner being. Alternate translat # God will do "God will make happen" - diff --git a/mrk/11/24.md b/mrk/11/24.md index 9a44eb0a30..363bccf85a 100644 --- a/mrk/11/24.md +++ b/mrk/11/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it will be yours It is understood that this will happen because God will provide what you ask for. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "God will give it to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/25.md b/mrk/11/25.md index 68e106099a..d1f3dab291 100644 --- a/mrk/11/25.md +++ b/mrk/11/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is common in Hebrew culture to stand when praying to God. Alternate translati # whatever you have against anyone "whatever grudge you have against anyone." Here the word "whatever" refers to any grudge you hold against someone for sinning against you or any anger you have against someone. - diff --git a/mrk/11/26.md b/mrk/11/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/11/26.md +++ b/mrk/11/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/11/27.md b/mrk/11/27.md index 1c3f3d7321..81be99b2a7 100644 --- a/mrk/11/27.md +++ b/mrk/11/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The next day when Jesus returns to temple, he gives the chief priests, scribes, # Jesus was walking in the temple This means that Jesus was walking around inside of the temple; he was not walking into the temple. - diff --git a/mrk/11/28.md b/mrk/11/28.md index d69b57ee48..474cd147c1 100644 --- a/mrk/11/28.md +++ b/mrk/11/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings: 1) Both of these questions have the same meaning and are aske # you do these things The words "these things" refer to Jesus turning over the sellers' tables in the temple and speaking against what the chief priests and scribes taught. Alternate translation: "things like those you did here yesterday" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/29.md b/mrk/11/29.md index 9950b78aa0..a7c915b384 100644 --- a/mrk/11/29.md +++ b/mrk/11/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tell me "Answer me" - diff --git a/mrk/11/30.md b/mrk/11/30.md index 68a57c0900..25c2b29d68 100644 --- a/mrk/11/30.md +++ b/mrk/11/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heaven" refers to God. Alternate translation: "from God" (See: [[rc://en/t # from men "from people" - diff --git a/mrk/11/31.md b/mrk/11/31.md index c24b48a0fc..812e222bdc 100644 --- a/mrk/11/31.md +++ b/mrk/11/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heaven" refers to God. See how you translated this in [Mark 11:30](../11/3 # not believe him The word "him" refers to John the Baptist. - diff --git a/mrk/11/32.md b/mrk/11/32.md index 20d4ae551c..658d7b7937 100644 --- a/mrk/11/32.md +++ b/mrk/11/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The religious leaders imply that they will suffer from the people if they give t # They were afraid of the people The author, Mark, explains why the religious leaders did not want to say that John's baptism was from men. This can be stated clearly. "They said this to each other because they were afraid of the people" or "They did not want to say that John's baptism was from men because they were afraid of the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/33.md b/mrk/11/33.md index b8a070f82f..9bafdeb093 100644 --- a/mrk/11/33.md +++ b/mrk/11/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We do not know This refers to the baptism of John. This understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: "We do not know where the baptism of John came from" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/11/intro.md b/mrk/11/intro.md index 627c6b91a0..5a3b9adc65 100644 --- a/mrk/11/intro.md +++ b/mrk/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Mark 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 11:9-10, 17, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The donkey and the colt +### The donkey and the colt Jesus rode into Jerusalem on an animal. In this way he was like a king who came into a city after he had won an important battle. Also, the kings of Israel in the Old Testament rode on a donkeys. Other kings rode on horses. So Jesus was showing that he was the king of Israel and that he was not like other kings. @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about this event. Matthew and Mark wrote * __[Mark 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/12/01.md b/mrk/12/01.md index 167cce4fb4..467edfbb33 100644 --- a/mrk/12/01.md +++ b/mrk/12/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that he carved a pit on the rock, which would be the bottom part of t # leased the vineyard to vine growers The owner still owned the vineyard, but he allowed the vine growers to take care of it. When the grapes became ripe, they were to give some of them to the owner and keep the rest. - diff --git a/mrk/12/02.md b/mrk/12/02.md index 4fda96aeeb..aa1911de0e 100644 --- a/mrk/12/02.md +++ b/mrk/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # At the right time This refers to the time of harvest. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "When the time came to harvest the grapes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/03.md b/mrk/12/03.md index bc79717918..e4258dce22 100644 --- a/mrk/12/03.md +++ b/mrk/12/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # empty-handed This means that they did not give him any of the fruit. Alternate translation: "without any grapes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/04.md b/mrk/12/04.md index 9de89262fb..73f66bc65b 100644 --- a/mrk/12/04.md +++ b/mrk/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they wounded him in the head This can be written more clearly. Alternate translation: "they beat that one on the head, and they hurt him terribly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/05.md b/mrk/12/05.md index 236989e0ee..6146038619 100644 --- a/mrk/12/05.md +++ b/mrk/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases refer to other servants. Alternate translation: "yet another serva # They treated many others in the same way This refers to servants that the owner sent. The phrase "in the same way" refers to them being mistreated. This can be written clearly. Alternate translation: "They also mistreated many other servants whom he sent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/06.md b/mrk/12/06.md index 8486653105..db5349fb7e 100644 --- a/mrk/12/06.md +++ b/mrk/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a beloved son It is implied that this is the owner's son. Alternate translation: "his beloved son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/07.md b/mrk/12/07.md index 7bdc6c5e89..b94487196a 100644 --- a/mrk/12/07.md +++ b/mrk/12/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the owner's heir, who would inherit the vineyard after his father died. # the inheritance The tenants are referring to the vineyard as "the inheritance." Alternate translation: "this vineyard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/08.md b/mrk/12/08.md index 6091fe1db0..5565134b98 100644 --- a/mrk/12/08.md +++ b/mrk/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They seized him "The vine growers seized the son" - diff --git a/mrk/12/09.md b/mrk/12/09.md index caad346c27..730a125943 100644 --- a/mrk/12/09.md +++ b/mrk/12/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ kill # will give the vineyard to others The word "others" refers to other vine growers who will care for the vineyard. Alternate translation: "he will give the vineyard to vine growers to care for it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/10.md b/mrk/12/10.md index 5153758023..d1e4b4c8de 100644 --- a/mrk/12/10.md +++ b/mrk/12/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus reminds the people of a scripture passage. He uses a rhetorical question h # has been made the cornerstone This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Lord made into the cornerstone" - diff --git a/mrk/12/11.md b/mrk/12/11.md index a7f34faecc..ccada95558 100644 --- a/mrk/12/11.md +++ b/mrk/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it is marvelous in our eyes Here "in our eyes" stands for seeing, which is a metaphor for the people's opinion. Alternate translation: "we have seen it and think that it is marvelous" or "we think that it is wonderful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/12.md b/mrk/12/12.md index 11c74c99ec..3f93726c17 100644 --- a/mrk/12/12.md +++ b/mrk/12/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They were afraid of what the crowd would do to them if they arrested Jesus. This # against them "to accuse them" - diff --git a/mrk/12/13.md b/mrk/12/13.md index dac42e0694..0b971d4d4d 100644 --- a/mrk/12/13.md +++ b/mrk/12/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was the name of an informal political party that supported Herod Antipas. # to trap him Here the author describes tricking Jesus as trying to "trap him." Alternate translation: "to trick him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/14.md b/mrk/12/14.md index 76e0a35daf..a0da380f50 100644 --- a/mrk/12/14.md +++ b/mrk/12/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "concern" may be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: # you do not show partiality to anyone "you do not judge people by how they look" or "you judge people by what is in their hearts" - diff --git a/mrk/12/15.md b/mrk/12/15.md index c16de8799a..b088fe8c42 100644 --- a/mrk/12/15.md +++ b/mrk/12/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus rebukes the Jewish leaders because they were trying to trick him. This can # denarius This coin was worth a day's wages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/16.md b/mrk/12/16.md index 2f130de32c..b16a0deacc 100644 --- a/mrk/12/16.md +++ b/mrk/12/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # They said, "Caesar's Here "Caesar's" refers to his likeness and inscription. Alternate translation: "They said, 'They are Caesar's likeness and inscription" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/17.md b/mrk/12/17.md index 6a916fc5df..01bec274af 100644 --- a/mrk/12/17.md +++ b/mrk/12/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: "and give to God" (S # They marveled at him They were amazed at what Jesus had said. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "They marveled at him and at what he had said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/18.md b/mrk/12/18.md index 13bc444cc1..2123ab97c8 100644 --- a/mrk/12/18.md +++ b/mrk/12/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who say there is no resurrection This phrase explains who the Sadducees were. This can be written more clearly. Alternate translation: "who say there is no resurrection from the dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/19.md b/mrk/12/19.md index af07d9a5bc..b2eddd1528 100644 --- a/mrk/12/19.md +++ b/mrk/12/19.md @@ -13,6 +13,3 @@ The Sadducees are quoting what Moses had written in the law. Moses's quote can b # raise up children for his brother "have a son for his brother." The man's first son would be considered to be the dead brother's son, and the son's descendants would be considered to be the dead brother's descendants. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "have a son who will be considered to be the dead brother's son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - - - diff --git a/mrk/12/20.md b/mrk/12/20.md index 9fe9a7f7e5..87e1136d71 100644 --- a/mrk/12/20.md +++ b/mrk/12/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the first brother # the first took a wife "the first brother married a woman." Here marrying a woman is spoken of as "taking" her. - diff --git a/mrk/12/21.md b/mrk/12/21.md index ea40400232..f513106b76 100644 --- a/mrk/12/21.md +++ b/mrk/12/21.md @@ -9,5 +9,3 @@ These numbers refer to each of the brothers and can be expressed as such. Altern # the third in the same way "the third brother married her as his other bothers had done, and he also died leaving no children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - - diff --git a/mrk/12/23.md b/mrk/12/23.md index aa9a1ad8a8..84c0d8fc9b 100644 --- a/mrk/12/23.md +++ b/mrk/12/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In the resurrection, when they rise again, whose wife will she be? The Sadducees are testing Jesus by asking this question. If your readers can only understand this as a request for information, this can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Now tell us whose wife she will be in the resurrection, when they all rise again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/24.md b/mrk/12/24.md index e085ed2a13..19023ee133 100644 --- a/mrk/12/24.md +++ b/mrk/12/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that they do not understand what is written in the Old Testament scri # the power of God "how powerful God is" - diff --git a/mrk/12/25.md b/mrk/12/25.md index 29a8d3ac1c..33046a2e35 100644 --- a/mrk/12/25.md +++ b/mrk/12/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and no one gives them # heaven This refers to the place where God lives. - diff --git a/mrk/12/26.md b/mrk/12/26.md index 91ef8e14cd..03338f2a73 100644 --- a/mrk/12/26.md +++ b/mrk/12/26.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to a shrub, a woody plant that is smaller than a tree. # I am the God of Abraham ... Isaac ... Jacob This means that Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob worship God. These men have died physically, but they are still alive spiritually and still worship God. - diff --git a/mrk/12/27.md b/mrk/12/27.md index 0e694fe3b5..e4fd3b191c 100644 --- a/mrk/12/27.md +++ b/mrk/12/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It may be helpful to state what they are mistaken about. Alternate translation: # quite mistaken "completely mistaken" or "very wrong" - diff --git a/mrk/12/28.md b/mrk/12/28.md index a5e567f9ff..9897311be2 100644 --- a/mrk/12/28.md +++ b/mrk/12/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He asked him "The scribe asked Jesus" - diff --git a/mrk/12/29.md b/mrk/12/29.md index d56a930eb8..67e9be8c75 100644 --- a/mrk/12/29.md +++ b/mrk/12/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Hear, Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one "Listen, O Israel! The Lord our God is one Lord" - diff --git a/mrk/12/30.md b/mrk/12/30.md index 8fe7ff9cd8..1945d2a6a4 100644 --- a/mrk/12/30.md +++ b/mrk/12/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind, and with all your strength Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These four phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/31.md b/mrk/12/31.md index 690100b1c0..0470e7aa39 100644 --- a/mrk/12/31.md +++ b/mrk/12/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus uses this simile to compare how people are to love each other with the sam # than these Here the word "these" refers to the two commandments that Jesus had just told the people. - diff --git a/mrk/12/32.md b/mrk/12/32.md index 4f4c8129a7..03452aa2e3 100644 --- a/mrk/12/32.md +++ b/mrk/12/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that there is only one God. Alternate translation: "there is only one # that there is no other The word "God" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "that there is no other God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/33.md b/mrk/12/33.md index 2c393a17e5..fb1960c095 100644 --- a/mrk/12/33.md +++ b/mrk/12/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This simile compares how people are to love each other with the same love that t # is even more than This idiom means that something is more important than something else. In this case, these two commandments are more pleasing to God that burnt offering and sacrifices. This may be written clearly. Alternate translation: "is even more important than" or "is even more pleasing to God than" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/34.md b/mrk/12/34.md index 6e8fa86210..1d0d4e16ff 100644 --- a/mrk/12/34.md +++ b/mrk/12/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Here Jesus speaks of the man being ready to # no one dared This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "everyone was afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/35.md b/mrk/12/35.md index ea6bf74180..08eddc4b4f 100644 --- a/mrk/12/35.md +++ b/mrk/12/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus uses this question to get the people to think deeply about the Psalm he is # the son of David "a descendant of David" - diff --git a/mrk/12/36.md b/mrk/12/36.md index 4df8df4dd3..553d7a0bc7 100644 --- a/mrk/12/36.md +++ b/mrk/12/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus is quoting a psalm. Here God is speaking to the Christ. To sit at the "rig # until I put your enemies under your feet In this quote, God speaks of defeating enemies as putting them under the feet of the victor. Alternate translation: "until I completely defeat your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/37.md b/mrk/12/37.md index e515a87dec..a2cd12e33b 100644 --- a/mrk/12/37.md +++ b/mrk/12/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "him" refers to the Christ. # so how can the Christ be David's son? This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "so consider how the Christ can be a descendant of David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/38.md b/mrk/12/38.md index f5497972e9..3ec93faa1d 100644 --- a/mrk/12/38.md +++ b/mrk/12/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # be greeted in the marketplaces This can be expressed with an active form. These greetings showed that the people respected the scribes. Alternate translation: "to have people greet them respectfully in the marketplaces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/39.md b/mrk/12/39.md index 920cd0f160..a40aed9a96 100644 --- a/mrk/12/39.md +++ b/mrk/12/39.md @@ -1,6 +1,3 @@ - - # the most important seats ... the places of honor You may want to make explicit that the scribes liked to sit in these places. Alternate translation: "to sit in the most important seats ... to have people seat them in the places of honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/40.md b/mrk/12/40.md index 5637a33348..87ee30364e 100644 --- a/mrk/12/40.md +++ b/mrk/12/40.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will certainly pu # will receive greater condemnation The word "greater" implies a comparison. Here the comparison is to other men who are punished. Alternate translation: "will receive greater condemnation than other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/12/41.md b/mrk/12/41.md index 529019827f..be76add3b7 100644 --- a/mrk/12/41.md +++ b/mrk/12/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Still in the temple area, Jesus comments on the value of the widow's offering. # an offering box This box, which everyone could use, held temple offerings. - diff --git a/mrk/12/42.md b/mrk/12/42.md index 7f41fb7658..e10e5833c0 100644 --- a/mrk/12/42.md +++ b/mrk/12/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # worth about a penny "worth very little." A penny is worth very little. Translate "penny" with the name of the smallest coin in your language if you have one that is worth very little. - diff --git a/mrk/12/43.md b/mrk/12/43.md index a890acb1da..ace26fe8ed 100644 --- a/mrk/12/43.md +++ b/mrk/12/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This indicates that the statement that follows is especially true and important. # all of them who contributed to "all the other people who put money into" - diff --git a/mrk/12/44.md b/mrk/12/44.md index aa1ac87f80..b90436d4f9 100644 --- a/mrk/12/44.md +++ b/mrk/12/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ much wealth, many valuable things # to live on "to survive on" - diff --git a/mrk/12/intro.md b/mrk/12/intro.md index 6e80821417..9eba8b0505 100644 --- a/mrk/12/intro.md +++ b/mrk/12/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Mark 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 12:10-11, 36, which is from the Old Testament. @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to s * __[Mark 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/13/01.md b/mrk/13/01.md index dca82c7cae..656697c246 100644 --- a/mrk/13/01.md +++ b/mrk/13/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ As they leave the temple area, Jesus tells his disciples what will happen to the # the wonderful stones and wonderful buildings The "stones" refer to the stones that the buildings were built with. Alternate translation: "the wonderful buildings and the wonderful stones that they are made of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/02.md b/mrk/13/02.md index a5ecd92ce3..39f2137a22 100644 --- a/mrk/13/02.md +++ b/mrk/13/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to draw attention to the buildings. This can be written as # Not one stone will be left on another which will not be torn down It is implied that enemy soldiers will tear down the stones. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Not one stone will remain on top of another, for enemy soldiers will come and destroy these buildings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/03.md b/mrk/13/03.md index 97fa7022a0..6d10995b20 100644 --- a/mrk/13/03.md +++ b/mrk/13/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be expressed clearly that Jesus and his disciples had walked to the Mount # privately when they were alone - diff --git a/mrk/13/04.md b/mrk/13/04.md index eb6273ada4..0771257670 100644 --- a/mrk/13/04.md +++ b/mrk/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to what Jesus had just said will happen to the stones of the temple. # when all these things "that all these things" - diff --git a/mrk/13/05.md b/mrk/13/05.md index afda51f576..d28b226371 100644 --- a/mrk/13/05.md +++ b/mrk/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # leads you astray Here "leads you astray" is a metaphor for "persuades you to believe what is not true." Alternate translation: "deceives you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/06.md b/mrk/13/06.md index f5098d0d0f..8dca4cf1ff 100644 --- a/mrk/13/06.md +++ b/mrk/13/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is metonym. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: "claiming my au # I am he "I am the Christ" - diff --git a/mrk/13/07.md b/mrk/13/07.md index 60b3a85b0c..8c7e1fe1e4 100644 --- a/mrk/13/07.md +++ b/mrk/13/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the end This probably refers to the end of the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/08.md b/mrk/13/08.md index 062d72d86f..d8014824c9 100644 --- a/mrk/13/08.md +++ b/mrk/13/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "will rise" are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate transla # These are the beginnings of birth pains Jesus speaks of these disasters as the beginnings of birth pains because more severe things will happen after them. Alternate translation: "These events will be like the first pains a woman suffers when she is about to bear a child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/09.md b/mrk/13/09.md index 6048605b09..82099bce91 100644 --- a/mrk/13/09.md +++ b/mrk/13/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This means to be put on trial and judged. Alternate translation: "You will be pu # as a testimony to them This means they will testify about Jesus. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "and testify to them about me" or "and you will tell them about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/10.md b/mrk/13/10.md index 992d4eaf0e..49722e079a 100644 --- a/mrk/13/10.md +++ b/mrk/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But the gospel must first be proclaimed to all the nations Jesus is still speaking about things that must happen before the end comes. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "But the gospel must first be proclaimed to all the nations before the end will come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/11.md b/mrk/13/11.md index 730951f010..1cbae50265 100644 --- a/mrk/13/11.md +++ b/mrk/13/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here this means to put people under the control of the authorities. Alternate tr # but the Holy Spirit The words "who will speak" are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "but the Holy Spirit, who will speak through you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/12.md b/mrk/13/12.md index b48d0d834d..260733bbb3 100644 --- a/mrk/13/12.md +++ b/mrk/13/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means that children will oppose their parents and betray them. Alternate tr # cause them to be put to death This means that the authorities will sentence the parents to be put to death. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "cause the authorities to sentence the parents to die" or "the authorities will kill the parents" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/13.md b/mrk/13/13.md index 2d0671baa1..31de71037e 100644 --- a/mrk/13/13.md +++ b/mrk/13/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "endures" represents continuing to be faithful to God even while suffering. # to the end Possible meanings are 1) "to the end of his life" or 2) "to the end of that time of trouble" - diff --git a/mrk/13/14.md b/mrk/13/14.md index 1e234bae6d..3a7b54a710 100644 --- a/mrk/13/14.md +++ b/mrk/13/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus's audience would have known that this refers to the temple. This can be ma # let the reader understand Mark added this to get the readers' attention, so that they would think about what Jesus meant when he spoke about the abomination of desolation standing where it should not be standing. Alternate translation: "may everyone who reads this understand what it means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/15.md b/mrk/13/15.md index aa6d9d704e..664151bd6c 100644 --- a/mrk/13/15.md +++ b/mrk/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the housetop Housetops where Jesus lived were flat, and people could stand on them. - diff --git a/mrk/13/16.md b/mrk/13/16.md index 6ac18486f3..cfb9b1bb26 100644 --- a/mrk/13/16.md +++ b/mrk/13/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to returning to his house. This can be made explicit. Alternate tran # to take his cloak "to get his cloak" - diff --git a/mrk/13/18.md b/mrk/13/18.md index f0cae2c010..bc38925e1f 100644 --- a/mrk/13/18.md +++ b/mrk/13/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the winter "the cold season" or "the cold, rainy season." This refers to the time of year when it is cold and unpleasant and difficult to travel. - diff --git a/mrk/13/19.md b/mrk/13/19.md index 2826c79656..998ac6a464 100644 --- a/mrk/13/19.md +++ b/mrk/13/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the beginning of creation, when God created the world # no, nor ever will be again "and greater than there will ever be again" or "and after that tribulation, there will never again be a tribulation like it" - diff --git a/mrk/13/20.md b/mrk/13/20.md index 04881ee48d..6a3f60755b 100644 --- a/mrk/13/20.md +++ b/mrk/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Unless the Lord had shortened the days + The writer uses past tense to describe a future event. Alternate translation: "If the Lord had not decided that he would shorten those days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture]]) # had shortened the days @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ The word "flesh" refers to people, and "saved" refers to physical salvation. Alt # the elect, those whom he chose The phrase "those whom he chose" means the same thing as "the elect." Together, they emphasize that God chose these people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/21.md b/mrk/13/21.md index 3e9d47a20a..f0002d34bc 100644 --- a/mrk/13/21.md +++ b/mrk/13/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: In verse 21 Jesus gives a command, and in 22 he tells the reason for the command. This can be reordered with the reason first, and the command second, as in the UDB. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-versebridge]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/22.md b/mrk/13/22.md index ea25271e60..8427c610b0 100644 --- a/mrk/13/22.md +++ b/mrk/13/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "even the elect" implies that the false Christs and false prophets wi # the elect "the people whom God has chosen" - diff --git a/mrk/13/23.md b/mrk/13/23.md index 18fec2eb9c..c4ff650602 100644 --- a/mrk/13/23.md +++ b/mrk/13/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I have told you all these things ahead of time Jesus told them these things to warn them. Alternate translation: "I have told you all these things ahead of time to warn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/24.md b/mrk/13/24.md index 547ed2f8b6..7c687253ef 100644 --- a/mrk/13/24.md +++ b/mrk/13/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sun will become d # the moon will not give its light Here the moon is spoken of as if it were alive and able to give something to someone else. Alternate translation: "the moon will not shine" or "the moon will be dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/25.md b/mrk/13/25.md index a82e29571e..8a3458087c 100644 --- a/mrk/13/25.md +++ b/mrk/13/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the powers in the hea # in the heavens "in the sky" - diff --git a/mrk/13/26.md b/mrk/13/26.md index ca57cc296f..9aaa0dc56d 100644 --- a/mrk/13/26.md +++ b/mrk/13/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with great power and glory "powerfully and gloriously" - diff --git a/mrk/13/27.md b/mrk/13/27.md index 7095b4e844..81457a0f9a 100644 --- a/mrk/13/27.md +++ b/mrk/13/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The whole earth is spoken of as "the four winds," which refer to the four direct # from the ends of the earth to the ends of the sky These two extremes are given to emphasize that the elect will be gathered from the entire earth. Alternate translation: "from every place on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/28.md b/mrk/13/28.md index 463381f2c6..2f959088cd 100644 --- a/mrk/13/28.md +++ b/mrk/13/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the fig tree is spoken of as if it were alive and able to willingly cause i # summer the warm part of the year or the growing season - diff --git a/mrk/13/29.md b/mrk/13/29.md index 9fe7ed904d..f12789a4a4 100644 --- a/mrk/13/29.md +++ b/mrk/13/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Many modern translations read, "you recognize" or "you know." It is not clear wh # close to the gates This idiom means that he is very near and has almost arrived, referring to a traveler being close to arriving at the city gates. Alternate translation: "and is almost here" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/30.md b/mrk/13/30.md index ad21fa6091..c0fc42be92 100644 --- a/mrk/13/30.md +++ b/mrk/13/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This indicates that the statement that follows is especially important. See how # until all of these things The phrase "these things" refers to the days of tribulation. - diff --git a/mrk/13/31.md b/mrk/13/31.md index 824841c823..912b2f12ad 100644 --- a/mrk/13/31.md +++ b/mrk/13/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The two extremes are given to refer to all of the sky, including the sun, moon, # my words will never pass away Jesus speaks of words not losing their power as if they were something that will never physically die. Alternate translation: "my words will never lose their power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/32.md b/mrk/13/32.md index ca3ea708d9..0c79c75f0d 100644 --- a/mrk/13/32.md +++ b/mrk/13/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heaven" refers to the place where God lives. # but the Father It is best to translate "Father" with the same word that your language naturally uses to refer to a human father. Also, this is an ellipsis, stating that the Father knows when the Son will return. Alternate translation: "but only the Father knows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/33.md b/mrk/13/33.md index ab46438a7d..5eca9595f2 100644 --- a/mrk/13/33.md +++ b/mrk/13/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what time it is It can be stated clearly what "time" refers to here. Alternate translation: "when all these events will happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/34.md b/mrk/13/34.md index 86ca54c35e..9ebdd71809 100644 --- a/mrk/13/34.md +++ b/mrk/13/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # each one with his work "telling each one what work he should do" - diff --git a/mrk/13/35.md b/mrk/13/35.md index c4921b377d..8863d83096 100644 --- a/mrk/13/35.md +++ b/mrk/13/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # rooster crows The rooster is a bird that "crows" very early in the morning by making a loud call. - diff --git a/mrk/13/36.md b/mrk/13/36.md index 4d6337b181..d47ef26150 100644 --- a/mrk/13/36.md +++ b/mrk/13/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # find you sleeping Here Jesus speaks of not being ready as "sleeping." Alternate translation: "find you not ready for his return" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/13/37.md b/mrk/13/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/13/37.md +++ b/mrk/13/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/13/intro.md b/mrk/13/intro.md index 4a8348d55f..8968d0a26e 100644 --- a/mrk/13/intro.md +++ b/mrk/13/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Mark 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 13:24-25, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The return of Christ +### The return of Christ Jesus said much about what would happen before he returned ([Mark 13:6-37](./06.md)). He told his followers that bad things would happen to the world and bad things would happen to them before he returned, but they needed to be ready for him to return at any time. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Jesus said much about what would happen before he returned ([Mark 13:6-37](./06. * __[Mark 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/14/01.md b/mrk/14/01.md index 838b316cc5..0292d03efb 100644 --- a/mrk/14/01.md +++ b/mrk/14/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Just two days before the Passover, the chief priests and scribes are secretly pl # stealthily without people noticing - diff --git a/mrk/14/02.md b/mrk/14/02.md index 4956d5a53b..3bbd4a092f 100644 --- a/mrk/14/02.md +++ b/mrk/14/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the chief priests and the scribes. # Not during the festival This refers to them not arresting Jesus during the festival. Alternate translation: "We must not do it during the festival" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/03.md b/mrk/14/03.md index 5efbd62832..05b910fd63 100644 --- a/mrk/14/03.md +++ b/mrk/14/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a jar made from alabaster. Alabaster is a very expensive yellow-white st # on his head "on Jesus's head" - diff --git a/mrk/14/04.md b/mrk/14/04.md index 92a93ef0e7..7405df4642 100644 --- a/mrk/14/04.md +++ b/mrk/14/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What is the reason for the waste of this perfume? They asked this question to show that they disapproved of the woman pouring the perfume on Jesus. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "It is terrible that she wasted that perfume!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/05.md b/mrk/14/05.md index 85ea107d9b..9605ddb336 100644 --- a/mrk/14/05.md +++ b/mrk/14/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We could have sold th # given to the poor The phrase "the poor" refers to poor people. This refers to giving the money from the sale of the perfume to the poor. Alternate translation: "the money given to poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/06.md b/mrk/14/06.md index 9466e2a83f..ffb4f6ca41 100644 --- a/mrk/14/06.md +++ b/mrk/14/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why are you troubling her? Jesus rebukes the guests for questioning this woman's action. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not trouble her!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/07.md b/mrk/14/07.md index fd53162d32..1a669c451d 100644 --- a/mrk/14/07.md +++ b/mrk/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the poor This refers to poor people. Alternate translation: "poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/08.md b/mrk/14/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/14/08.md +++ b/mrk/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/14/09.md b/mrk/14/09.md index 2cd4dfc310..0d092f980b 100644 --- a/mrk/14/09.md +++ b/mrk/14/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "wherever my followers # what this woman has done will be spoken of "what this woman has done will also be spoken of" - diff --git a/mrk/14/10.md b/mrk/14/10.md index b0e137c546..366d91dc59 100644 --- a/mrk/14/10.md +++ b/mrk/14/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Judas did not deliver Jesus over to them yet, rather he went to make arrangement # give him over "bring him to them so they could capture him" or "put him in their power" or "betray him" - diff --git a/mrk/14/11.md b/mrk/14/11.md index cae3668aa5..01afafa7e6 100644 --- a/mrk/14/11.md +++ b/mrk/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It may be helpful to state clearly what the chief priests heard. Alternate trans # give him over to them "put them in their power" or "betray him to them" - diff --git a/mrk/14/12.md b/mrk/14/12.md index 4161b3e565..b156474169 100644 --- a/mrk/14/12.md +++ b/mrk/14/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ At the beginning of the Festival of Unleavened Bread, it was customary to sacrif # eat the Passover Here the "Passover" refers to the Passover meal. Alternate translation: "eat the Passover meal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/13.md b/mrk/14/13.md index 2f1ef3d20e..801fd306c4 100644 --- a/mrk/14/13.md +++ b/mrk/14/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bearing a pitcher of water "carrying a large jar full of water" - diff --git a/mrk/14/14.md b/mrk/14/14.md index 54bb478108..acc7867c4c 100644 --- a/mrk/14/14.md +++ b/mrk/14/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be written as an indirect quote. Translate this so that it is a polite # guest room a room for visitors - diff --git a/mrk/14/15.md b/mrk/14/15.md index 6b525e4473..1ba03c113b 100644 --- a/mrk/14/15.md +++ b/mrk/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Make the preparations for us there They were to prepare the meal for Jesus and his disciples to eat. Alternate translation: "Prepare the meal for us there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/16.md b/mrk/14/16.md index 8c3fa4181c..7e8ebfdaa5 100644 --- a/mrk/14/16.md +++ b/mrk/14/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # as he had said "as Jesus had said" - diff --git a/mrk/14/17.md b/mrk/14/17.md index 33f63e94af..265d197b1a 100644 --- a/mrk/14/17.md +++ b/mrk/14/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ That evening as Jesus and the disciples eat the Passover meal, Jesus tells them # he came with the twelve It may be helpful to state where they came to. Alternate translation: "he came with the twelve to the house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/18.md b/mrk/14/18.md index 6b0734e4c2..022e7cd37d 100644 --- a/mrk/14/18.md +++ b/mrk/14/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In Jesus's culture, when people gathered to eat, they lay down on their sides, p # Truly I say to you This indicates that the statement that follows is especially true and important. See how you translated this in [Mark 3:28](../03/28.md). - diff --git a/mrk/14/19.md b/mrk/14/19.md index ceb834be34..dab13fcbff 100644 --- a/mrk/14/19.md +++ b/mrk/14/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that "one at a time" each disciple asked him. # Surely not I? Possible meanings are 1) this was a question for which the disciples expected the answer to be no or 2) this was a rhetorical question that did not require a response. Alternate translation: "Surely I am not the one who will betray you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/20.md b/mrk/14/20.md index 64f5f30714..095d48a5a1 100644 --- a/mrk/14/20.md +++ b/mrk/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # dipping bread with me in the bowl In Jesus's culture, people would often eat bread, dipping it in a shared bowl of sauce or of oil mixed with herbs. - diff --git a/mrk/14/21.md b/mrk/14/21.md index 45fab19225..f93df2b3c0 100644 --- a/mrk/14/21.md +++ b/mrk/14/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Jesus refers to the scriptures prophesying about his death. If you have a p # through whom the Son of Man is betrayed This can be stated more directly. Alternate translation: "who betrays the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/22.md b/mrk/14/22.md index 515637caa1..9da099c1f9 100644 --- a/mrk/14/22.md +++ b/mrk/14/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that he broke the bread into pieces for the people to eat. Alternate # Take this. This is my body "Take this bread. It is my body." Though most understand this to mean that the bread is a symbol of Jesus's body and that it is not actual flesh, it is best to translate this statement literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/23.md b/mrk/14/23.md index d04ea4d423..d276520a06 100644 --- a/mrk/14/23.md +++ b/mrk/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He took a cup Here "cup" is a metonym for wine. Alternate translation: "He took the cup of wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/24.md b/mrk/14/24.md index e876b24f13..7f225178cb 100644 --- a/mrk/14/24.md +++ b/mrk/14/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The covenant is for the forgiveness of sins. This can be written more explicitly # This is my blood "This wine is my blood." Though most understand this to mean that the wine is a symbol of Jesus's blood and that it is not actual blood, it is best to translate this statement literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/25.md b/mrk/14/25.md index 7e5de8f5fc..dc2742d907 100644 --- a/mrk/14/25.md +++ b/mrk/14/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This indicates that the statement that follows is especially true and important. # new Possible meanings are 1) "again" or 2) "in a new way" - diff --git a/mrk/14/26.md b/mrk/14/26.md index 3ba566f34c..55d0aa140d 100644 --- a/mrk/14/26.md +++ b/mrk/14/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hymn A hymn is a type of song. It was traditional for them to sing an Old Testament psalm. - diff --git a/mrk/14/27.md b/mrk/14/27.md index 38fa78a65e..c4aa42b71c 100644 --- a/mrk/14/27.md +++ b/mrk/14/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that means leave. Alternate translation: "will leave me" (See: # the sheep will be scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will scatter the sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/28.md b/mrk/14/28.md index 6c381a26ad..ba60a70609 100644 --- a/mrk/14/28.md +++ b/mrk/14/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom means that God will cause Jesus to become alive again after he has di # I will go ahead of you "I will go before you" - diff --git a/mrk/14/29.md b/mrk/14/29.md index dd0a8dff7c..816853051d 100644 --- a/mrk/14/29.md +++ b/mrk/14/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all fall away "everyone else falls away" or "everyone else leaves you" - diff --git a/mrk/14/30.md b/mrk/14/30.md index 3b7e76f4e0..d299e58f85 100644 --- a/mrk/14/30.md +++ b/mrk/14/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ two times # you will deny me "you will say that you do not know me" - diff --git a/mrk/14/31.md b/mrk/14/31.md index 0b75d198e1..97ee023139 100644 --- a/mrk/14/31.md +++ b/mrk/14/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # They all made the same promise This means that all of the disciples said the same thing that Peter said. - diff --git a/mrk/14/32.md b/mrk/14/32.md index c79f968aa3..8e99c7e3e6 100644 --- a/mrk/14/32.md +++ b/mrk/14/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When they go to Gethsemane on the Mount of Olives, Jesus encourages three of his # They came to the place The word "they" refers to Jesus and his disciples. - diff --git a/mrk/14/33.md b/mrk/14/33.md index 2587002c2c..e88a36aa1c 100644 --- a/mrk/14/33.md +++ b/mrk/14/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ overwhelmed with sorrow # deeply troubled The word "deeply" refers to Jesus being greatly troubled in his soul. Alternate translation: "extremely troubled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/34.md b/mrk/14/34.md index ce31e4a8f8..52ef3a115d 100644 --- a/mrk/14/34.md +++ b/mrk/14/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is exaggerating because he feels so much distress and sorrow that he feels # watch The disciples were to stay alert while Jesus prayed. This does not mean that they were supposed to watch Jesus pray. - diff --git a/mrk/14/35.md b/mrk/14/35.md index 3bdfcefc25..4ea2821224 100644 --- a/mrk/14/35.md +++ b/mrk/14/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that if God would allow it to happen. Alternate translation: "if God # the hour might pass Here "this hour" refers to Jesus's time of suffering, both now in the garden and later. Alternate translation: "that he would not have to go through this time of suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/36.md b/mrk/14/36.md index 4866b20864..4e549d7ecc 100644 --- a/mrk/14/36.md +++ b/mrk/14/36.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus speaks of the suffering that he must endure as if it were a cup. (See: [[r # But not my will, but yours Jesus is asking God to do what he wants to be done and not what Jesus wants. Alternate translation: "But do not do what I want, do what you want" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/37.md b/mrk/14/37.md index 892c37e8fa..2fcc8d92bf 100644 --- a/mrk/14/37.md +++ b/mrk/14/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to Peter, James, and John. # Simon, are you asleep? Could you not watch for one hour? Jesus rebukes Simon Peter for sleeping. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Simon, you are asleep when I told you to stay awake. You could not even stay awake for one hour." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/38.md b/mrk/14/38.md index d7edfb79a0..2842aceb63 100644 --- a/mrk/14/38.md +++ b/mrk/14/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus warns Simon Peter that he is not strong enough to do what he wants to do i # The spirit ... the flesh These refer to two different aspects of Peter. "The spirit" is his inmost desires. "The flesh" is his human ability and strength. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/39.md b/mrk/14/39.md index bcba49c455..bf2ceda38d 100644 --- a/mrk/14/39.md +++ b/mrk/14/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # used the same words "prayed again what he prayed before" - diff --git a/mrk/14/40.md b/mrk/14/40.md index 256fa52bd0..e80671821f 100644 --- a/mrk/14/40.md +++ b/mrk/14/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to Peter, James, and John. # for their eyes were heavy Here the author speaks of a sleepy person having a hard time keeping his eyes open as having "heavy eyes." Alternate translation: "for they were so sleepy they were having a hard time keeping their eyes open" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/41.md b/mrk/14/41.md index eab0776096..de2f202790 100644 --- a/mrk/14/41.md +++ b/mrk/14/41.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The time of Jesus's suffering and betrayal is about to begin. # The Son of Man is being betrayed Jesus warns his disciples that his betrayer is approaching them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, am being betrayed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/42.md b/mrk/14/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/14/42.md +++ b/mrk/14/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/14/43.md b/mrk/14/43.md index 6af4835706..8a533ce415 100644 --- a/mrk/14/43.md +++ b/mrk/14/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one of the twelve "one of the twelve disciples" - diff --git a/mrk/14/44.md b/mrk/14/44.md index fbae45ceca..897a4604a3 100644 --- a/mrk/14/44.md +++ b/mrk/14/44.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Judas. # The one I kiss is the man Here "the man" refers to the man that Judas was going to identify. Alternate translation: "The man I kiss is the one you want" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/45.md b/mrk/14/45.md index cbc1cd38e7..1983bb7529 100644 --- a/mrk/14/45.md +++ b/mrk/14/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he kissed him "Judas kissed him" - diff --git a/mrk/14/46.md b/mrk/14/46.md index 27d3330b54..b62cd0a598 100644 --- a/mrk/14/46.md +++ b/mrk/14/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # laid hands on him and seized him These two phrases have the same meaning to emphasize that they seized Jesus. Alternate translation: "grabbed Jesus and seized him" or "seized him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/47.md b/mrk/14/47.md index 4ee50f2c79..135eb0dfa9 100644 --- a/mrk/14/47.md +++ b/mrk/14/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who stood by "who was standing nearby" - diff --git a/mrk/14/48.md b/mrk/14/48.md index 74df26fe55..b82b1a54b4 100644 --- a/mrk/14/48.md +++ b/mrk/14/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do you come out as against a robber, with swords and clubs, to arrest me? Jesus is rebuking the crowd. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "It is ridiculous that you come here to seize me with swords and clubs, as if I were a robber!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/49.md b/mrk/14/49.md index 69b1183507..a9a37909b1 100644 --- a/mrk/14/49.md +++ b/mrk/14/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But this was done that "But this has happened so that" - diff --git a/mrk/14/50.md b/mrk/14/50.md index 8a271b8ddd..0019468045 100644 --- a/mrk/14/50.md +++ b/mrk/14/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All those with Jesus This refers to the disciples. - diff --git a/mrk/14/51.md b/mrk/14/51.md index 1a5eefdf81..4b4ee205e4 100644 --- a/mrk/14/51.md +++ b/mrk/14/51.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that he had wrapped a # When the men seized him "When the men seized that man" - diff --git a/mrk/14/52.md b/mrk/14/52.md index 76666878ca..e2b21257ba 100644 --- a/mrk/14/52.md +++ b/mrk/14/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he left the linen garment Because the man was trying to run away, the others would have grabbed at his clothing, trying to stop him. - diff --git a/mrk/14/53.md b/mrk/14/53.md index 286572fd2b..4613b95a4d 100644 --- a/mrk/14/53.md +++ b/mrk/14/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ After the crowd of the chief priests, scribes, and elders lead Jesus to the high # There were gathered with him all the chief priests, the elders, and the scribes This can be reordered so that it is easier to understand. "All of the chief priests, the elders, and the scribes had gathered there together" - diff --git a/mrk/14/54.md b/mrk/14/54.md index 35da1b1829..f2127ab8a1 100644 --- a/mrk/14/54.md +++ b/mrk/14/54.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Peter sat with the officers who were working at the courtyard. Alternate transla # the officers These were probably the servants of the "the chief priests, the elders, and the scribes" ([Mark 14:54](../14/54.md)). - diff --git a/mrk/14/55.md b/mrk/14/55.md index 129a45285d..9ff3703dd0 100644 --- a/mrk/14/55.md +++ b/mrk/14/55.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They were not the ones who would execute Jesus; rather, they would order someone # But they did not find any They did not find testimony against Jesus with which they could convict him and have him put to death. Alternate translation: "But they did not find any testimony with which to convict him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/56.md b/mrk/14/56.md index c6c9b15249..f431369c08 100644 --- a/mrk/14/56.md +++ b/mrk/14/56.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here speaking false testimony is described as if it were a physical object that # their testimony did not agree "they contradicted each other" - diff --git a/mrk/14/57.md b/mrk/14/57.md index c12c85fdc2..cb01e4d6d0 100644 --- a/mrk/14/57.md +++ b/mrk/14/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brought false testimony against him Here speaking false testimony is described as if it were a physical object that someone can carry. Alternate translation: "accused him by speaking false testimony against him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/58.md b/mrk/14/58.md index 2401199ac5..96abb8b4de 100644 --- a/mrk/14/58.md +++ b/mrk/14/58.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hands" refers to men. Alternate translation: "made by men ... without man' # will build another The word "temple" is understood from the previous phrase. It may be repeated. Alternate translation: "will build another temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/59.md b/mrk/14/59.md index c379b87684..5314333f3b 100644 --- a/mrk/14/59.md +++ b/mrk/14/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their testimony did not agree "these witnesses contradicted each other" - diff --git a/mrk/14/60.md b/mrk/14/60.md index 0abbf11391..b9bc028878 100644 --- a/mrk/14/60.md +++ b/mrk/14/60.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus stands up in the middle of the angry crowd to speak to them. Translate thi # Have you no answer? What is it these men testify against you? The chief priest is not asking Jesus for information about what the witnesses said. He is asking Jesus to prove what the witnesses said is wrong. Alternate translation: "Are you not going to reply? What do you say in response to the testimony these men are speaking against you?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/61.md b/mrk/14/61.md index 7cc253ffe2..879b5df27c 100644 --- a/mrk/14/61.md +++ b/mrk/14/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Son of the Blessed One Here God is called "the Blessed One." It is best to translate "Son" with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to a "son" of a human father. Alternate translation: "the Son of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/62.md b/mrk/14/62.md index 6318e8edee..0edb40a7e3 100644 --- a/mrk/14/62.md +++ b/mrk/14/62.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "power" is a metonym that represents God. To sit at the "right hand of God" # comes with the clouds of heaven Here the clouds are described as accompanying Jesus when he returns. Alternate translation: "when he comes down through the clouds in the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/63.md b/mrk/14/63.md index a8e12aeea9..e04c2fed76 100644 --- a/mrk/14/63.md +++ b/mrk/14/63.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The high priest tore his clothes purposefully to show his outrage and horror at # Do we still need witnesses? This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "We certainly do not need any more people who will testify against this man!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/64.md b/mrk/14/64.md index 6be4a33f88..0fee23163a 100644 --- a/mrk/14/64.md +++ b/mrk/14/64.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to what Jesus said, which the high priest called blasphemy. Alternat # They all all the people in the room - diff --git a/mrk/14/65.md b/mrk/14/65.md index 699419b65a..b6409f2260 100644 --- a/mrk/14/65.md +++ b/mrk/14/65.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They mocked him, asking him to prophesy who was hitting him. Alternate translati # officers men who guarded the governor's house - diff --git a/mrk/14/66.md b/mrk/14/66.md index 4eb591b32a..8f59b6c84e 100644 --- a/mrk/14/66.md +++ b/mrk/14/66.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ As Jesus had predicted, Peter denies Jesus three times before the rooster crows. # one of the servant girls of the high priest The servant girls worked for the high priest. Alternate translation: "one of the servant girls who worked for the high priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/67.md b/mrk/14/67.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/14/67.md +++ b/mrk/14/67.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/14/68.md b/mrk/14/68.md index fa5b5823b7..ad4249c22c 100644 --- a/mrk/14/68.md +++ b/mrk/14/68.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to claim that something is not true. In this case, Peter was saying t # neither know nor understand what you are talking about Both "know" and "understand" have the same meaning here. The meaning is repeated to add emphasis to what Peter is saying. Alternate translation: "I really do not understand what you are talking about" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/69.md b/mrk/14/69.md index d1a65c8f38..2bc078eb58 100644 --- a/mrk/14/69.md +++ b/mrk/14/69.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the same servant girl who identified Peter previously. # one of them The people were identifying Peter as one of Jesus's disciples. This can be made clearer. Alternate translation: "one of Jesus's disciples" or "one of those who have been with that man they arrested" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/70.md b/mrk/14/70.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/14/70.md +++ b/mrk/14/70.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/14/71.md b/mrk/14/71.md index da4276bc25..f1d23947c8 100644 --- a/mrk/14/71.md +++ b/mrk/14/71.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to put himself under curses If in your language you have to name the person who curses someone, state God. Alternate translation: "to say for God to curse him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/72.md b/mrk/14/72.md index 28a2cc8873..edd36c6757 100644 --- a/mrk/14/72.md +++ b/mrk/14/72.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The rooster is a male bird that calls out loudly very early in the morning. If h # he broke down This idiom means that he was overwhelmed with grief and lost control of his emotions. Alternate translation: "he was overwhelmed with grief" or "he lost control of his emotions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/14/intro.md b/mrk/14/intro.md index a3134fe240..5eec323ac1 100644 --- a/mrk/14/intro.md +++ b/mrk/14/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Mark 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 14:27, 62, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The eating of the body and blood +### The eating of the body and blood [Mark 14:22-25](./22.md) describes Jesus's last meal with his followers. At this time, Jesus told them that what they were eating and drinking were his body and his blood. Nearly all Christian churches celebrate "the Lord's Supper," the "Eucharist," or "Holy Communion" to remember this meal. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Abba, Father +### Abba, Father "Abba" is an Aramaic word that the Jews used to speak to their fathers. Mark writes it as it sounds and then translates it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) -#### "Son of Man" +### "Son of Man" Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Mark 14:20](../../mrk/14/20.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Mark 14:20](../../ * __[Mark 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/15/01.md b/mrk/15/01.md index 90c4fbeb74..1a0806c26d 100644 --- a/mrk/15/01.md +++ b/mrk/15/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They commanded for Jesus to be bound, but it would have been the guards who actu # They handed him over to Pilate They had Jesus led to Pilate and transferred control of Jesus over to him. - diff --git a/mrk/15/02.md b/mrk/15/02.md index ae352d767a..b110515239 100644 --- a/mrk/15/02.md +++ b/mrk/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You say so Possible meanings are 1) by saying this, Jesus was saying that Pilate, not Jesus, was the one calling him the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: "You yourself have said so" or 2) by saying this, Jesus implied that he is the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: "Yes, as you said, I am" or "Yes. It is as you said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/03.md b/mrk/15/03.md index ebba512e71..774feed071 100644 --- a/mrk/15/03.md +++ b/mrk/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were accusing him of many things "were saying that Jesus had done many bad things" - diff --git a/mrk/15/04.md b/mrk/15/04.md index 93ba4e1330..a20f6050cf 100644 --- a/mrk/15/04.md +++ b/mrk/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Do you have an answ # See "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" - diff --git a/mrk/15/05.md b/mrk/15/05.md index 6a309dfc4c..7dffc310c5 100644 --- a/mrk/15/05.md +++ b/mrk/15/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that amazed him It surprised Pilate that Jesus did not reply and defend himself. - diff --git a/mrk/15/06.md b/mrk/15/06.md index 0cf0733064..0bfef19c3a 100644 --- a/mrk/15/06.md +++ b/mrk/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Pilate, hoping the crowd will choose Jesus, offers to release a prisoner, but th # Now This word is used here to mark a pause in the story as the author tells background information about Pilate's tradition of releasing a prisoner at feasts and about Barabbas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/07.md b/mrk/15/07.md index bbb490671b..8acc7567be 100644 --- a/mrk/15/07.md +++ b/mrk/15/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues giving background information that will enable the reader t # the rebels who had committed murder during the rebellion The writer writes as though he believes that the readers know which rebels and which rebellion he is talking about, not as though he is introducing new participants to the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/08.md b/mrk/15/08.md index 98e132850e..0dbf19cbaa 100644 --- a/mrk/15/08.md +++ b/mrk/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to do for them as he had done in the past This refers to Pilate releasing a prisoner at feasts. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "to release a prisoner to them as he had done in the past" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/09.md b/mrk/15/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/15/09.md +++ b/mrk/15/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/15/10.md b/mrk/15/10.md index 2b3dc30c10..40cfe067ef 100644 --- a/mrk/15/10.md +++ b/mrk/15/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is background information about why Jesus was handed over to Pilate. (See: # it was because of envy that the chief priests They envied Jesus, probably because so many people were following him and becoming his disciples. Alternate translation: "the chief priests were envious of Jesus. This is why they" or "the chief priests were envious of Jesus's popularity among the people. This is why they" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/11.md b/mrk/15/11.md index 2ef0ae3f4d..49bd57db12 100644 --- a/mrk/15/11.md +++ b/mrk/15/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author speaks of the chief priests rousing or urging the crowd as if the cro # released instead They requested Barabbas to be released instead of Jesus. Alternate translation: "released instead of Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/12.md b/mrk/15/12.md index 0e484876e0..78c3a79753 100644 --- a/mrk/15/12.md +++ b/mrk/15/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The crowd asks for Jesus's death, so Pilate turns him over to the soldiers, who # What then should I do with the King of the Jews Pilate asks what he should do with Jesus if he releases Barabbas to them. This can be written clearly. Alternate translation: "If I release Barabbas, what then should I do with the King of the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/13.md b/mrk/15/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/15/13.md +++ b/mrk/15/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/15/14.md b/mrk/15/14.md index a72f079608..1470cee6b9 100644 --- a/mrk/15/14.md +++ b/mrk/15/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pilate said to them "Pilate said to the crowd" - diff --git a/mrk/15/15.md b/mrk/15/15.md index 1f32521082..eb53e8955e 100644 --- a/mrk/15/15.md +++ b/mrk/15/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Pilate did not actually scourge Jesus but rather his soldiers did. # then handed him over to be crucified Pilate told his soliders to take Jesus away to crucify him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "told his soldiers to take him away and crucify him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/16.md b/mrk/15/16.md index ddefa1f7fc..ee61562f62 100644 --- a/mrk/15/16.md +++ b/mrk/15/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This was where the Roman soldiers in Jerusalem lived, and where the governor sta # the whole company of soldiers "the whole unit of soldiers" "the whole cohort of soldiers" - diff --git a/mrk/15/17.md b/mrk/15/17.md index 8483de83d5..9f4bb9fc65 100644 --- a/mrk/15/17.md +++ b/mrk/15/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Purple was a color worn by royalty. The soldiers did not believe that Jesus was # a crown of thorns "a crown made of thorny branches" - diff --git a/mrk/15/18.md b/mrk/15/18.md index d931fd17ed..26ad1f0522 100644 --- a/mrk/15/18.md +++ b/mrk/15/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The reader should understsnd that they were mocking Jesus by pretending to salut # Hail, King of the Jews The greeting "Hail" with a raised hand was only used to greet the Roman emperor. The soldiers did not believe that Jesus was the king of the Jews. Rather they said this to mock him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/19.md b/mrk/15/19.md index be68994881..2f065974d1 100644 --- a/mrk/15/19.md +++ b/mrk/15/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # went to their knees "kneeled" or "knelt" or "got on their knees" - diff --git a/mrk/15/20.md b/mrk/15/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/15/20.md +++ b/mrk/15/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/15/21.md b/mrk/15/21.md index 96dcd5c0b5..f8e9271271 100644 --- a/mrk/15/21.md +++ b/mrk/15/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is background information about the man whom the soldiers forced to carry J # they forced him to carry his cross According to Roman law, a solider could force a man he came upon along the road to carry a load. In this case, they forced Simon to carry Jesus's cross. - diff --git a/mrk/15/22.md b/mrk/15/22.md index deb83da982..2aa623b642 100644 --- a/mrk/15/22.md +++ b/mrk/15/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The soldiers bring Jesus to Golgotha, where they crucify him with two others. Ma # Skull A skull is the head bones, or a head without any flesh on it. - diff --git a/mrk/15/23.md b/mrk/15/23.md index e9c5b35edb..73fede3c3a 100644 --- a/mrk/15/23.md +++ b/mrk/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wine mixed with myrrh It may be helpful to explain that myrrh is a pain-relieving medicine. Alternate translation: "wine mixed with a medicine called myrrh" or "wine mixed with a pain-relieving medicine called myrrh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/24.md b/mrk/15/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/15/24.md +++ b/mrk/15/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/15/25.md b/mrk/15/25.md index 3f1ef569bf..16f9928d49 100644 --- a/mrk/15/25.md +++ b/mrk/15/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the third hour "Third" here is a ordinal number. This refers to nine o'clock in the morning. Alternate translation: "nine o'clock in the morning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/26.md b/mrk/15/26.md index 033ea2fb8f..2543d8d3ad 100644 --- a/mrk/15/26.md +++ b/mrk/15/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The soldiers attached this sign to the cross above Jesus. Alternate translation: # the charge against him "the crime they were accusing him of doing" - diff --git a/mrk/15/27.md b/mrk/15/27.md index cd11a7fa51..6c6b30d6c6 100644 --- a/mrk/15/27.md +++ b/mrk/15/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one on the right of him and one on his left This can be written more clearly. Alternate translation: "one on a cross on the right side of him and one on a cross on the left side of him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/28.md b/mrk/15/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/15/28.md +++ b/mrk/15/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/15/29.md b/mrk/15/29.md index 8406a58a8e..9e0cdccedd 100644 --- a/mrk/15/29.md +++ b/mrk/15/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a exclamation of mockery. Use the appropriate exclamation in your langua # You who would destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days The people refer to Jesus by what he earlier prophesied that he would do. Alternate translation: "You who said you would destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/30.md b/mrk/15/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/15/30.md +++ b/mrk/15/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/15/31.md b/mrk/15/31.md index 5463640ad0..1014ccb465 100644 --- a/mrk/15/31.md +++ b/mrk/15/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the way that the people who were walking by Jesus were mocking hi # were mocking him with each other "were saying mocking things about Jesus among themselves" - diff --git a/mrk/15/32.md b/mrk/15/32.md index 76f637fad0..dc64863d36 100644 --- a/mrk/15/32.md +++ b/mrk/15/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The means to believe in Jesus. Alternate translation: "believe in him" (See: [[r # insulted mocked, slandered - diff --git a/mrk/15/33.md b/mrk/15/33.md index 23ae6da44f..caac3b3f77 100644 --- a/mrk/15/33.md +++ b/mrk/15/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to noon or 12 p.m. # darkness came over the whole land Here the author describes it becoming dark outside as if the darkness were a wave that moved over the land. Alternate translation: "the whole land became dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/34.md b/mrk/15/34.md index fb81e7a876..12739fc9f1 100644 --- a/mrk/15/34.md +++ b/mrk/15/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are Aramaic words that should be copied as is into your language with simi # is interpreted "means" - diff --git a/mrk/15/35.md b/mrk/15/35.md index f1ac040cec..20bed57461 100644 --- a/mrk/15/35.md +++ b/mrk/15/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Some of those standing by heard his words and said It can be stated clearly that they misunderstood what Jesus said. Alternate translation: "When some of those standing there heard his words, they misunderstood and said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/36.md b/mrk/15/36.md index daf3e52ab4..eb9e22fba0 100644 --- a/mrk/15/36.md +++ b/mrk/15/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # gave it to him "gave it to Jesus." The man held up the staff so that Jesus could drink wine from the sponge. Alternate translation: "held it up to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/37.md b/mrk/15/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/15/37.md +++ b/mrk/15/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/15/38.md b/mrk/15/38.md index 7a8b9f2c6f..f5f83becd6 100644 --- a/mrk/15/38.md +++ b/mrk/15/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The curtain of the temple was split in two Mark is showing that God himself split the temple curtain. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God split the curtain of the temple in two" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/39.md b/mrk/15/39.md index 24d23e755d..e104bd363c 100644 --- a/mrk/15/39.md +++ b/mrk/15/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "faced" is an idiom that means to look towards someone. Alternate translati # Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/40.md b/mrk/15/40.md index 5fad5bb003..23b646fd7e 100644 --- a/mrk/15/40.md +++ b/mrk/15/40.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This Joses was not that same person as the younger brother of Jesus. See how you # Salome Salome is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/41.md b/mrk/15/41.md index df67aa0c41..fe1642fd4c 100644 --- a/mrk/15/41.md +++ b/mrk/15/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # came up with him to Jerusalem Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for people to speak of going up to Jerusalem and going down from it. - diff --git a/mrk/15/42.md b/mrk/15/42.md index fb46a9253f..94f7f6c380 100644 --- a/mrk/15/42.md +++ b/mrk/15/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joseph of Arimathea asks Pilate for the body of Jesus, which he wraps in linen a # evening had come Here evening is spoken of as if it were something that is able to "come" from one place to another. Alternate translation: "it had become evening" or "it was evening" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/43.md b/mrk/15/43.md index 3a1eb49484..0348b6ca1e 100644 --- a/mrk/15/43.md +++ b/mrk/15/43.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is background information about Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing- # asked for the body of Jesus It can be stated clearly that he wanted to get the body so that he could bury it. Alternate translation: "asked for permission to get the body of Jesus in order to bury it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/44.md b/mrk/15/44.md index e92848921e..fe98434b3b 100644 --- a/mrk/15/44.md +++ b/mrk/15/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pilate was amazed that Jesus was already dead; he called the centurion When Pilate heard that Jesus was dead, he was surprised, so he asked the centurion if it was true. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Pilate was amazed when he heard that Jesus was already dead, so he called the centurion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/45.md b/mrk/15/45.md index 843eddf04b..1951280ca3 100644 --- a/mrk/15/45.md +++ b/mrk/15/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he gave the body to Joseph "he permitted Joseph to take Jesus's body" - diff --git a/mrk/15/46.md b/mrk/15/46.md index a5469f6f94..03f5ee4a8a 100644 --- a/mrk/15/46.md +++ b/mrk/15/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a tomb that someone h # a stone against "a huge flat stone in front of" - diff --git a/mrk/15/47.md b/mrk/15/47.md index 686ff3cc2e..ad83a4dd17 100644 --- a/mrk/15/47.md +++ b/mrk/15/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This Joses was not that same person as the younger brother of Jesus. See how you # the place where Jesus was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the place where Joseph and the others buried Jesus's body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/15/intro.md b/mrk/15/intro.md index ca78d9ee78..f5335f996f 100644 --- a/mrk/15/intro.md +++ b/mrk/15/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,25 @@ # Mark 15 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "The curtain of the temple was split in two" +### "The curtain of the temple was split in two" The curtain in the temple was an important symbol that showed that people needed to have someone speak to God for them. They could not speak to God directly because all people are sinful and God hates sin. God split the curtain to show that Jesus's people can now speak to God directly because Jesus has paid for their sins. -#### The tomb +### The tomb The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Mark 15:46](../../mrk/15/46.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Sarcasm +### Sarcasm Both by pretending to worship Jesus ([Mark 15:19](../../mrk/15/19.md)) and by pretending to speak to a king ([Mark 15:18](../../mrk/15/18.md)), the soldiers and the Jews showed that they hated Jesus and did not believe that he was the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/mock]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? -#### Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? This is a phrase in Aramaic. Mark transliterates its sounds by writing them using Greek letters. He then explains its meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) ## Links: @@ -26,4 +27,3 @@ This is a phrase in Aramaic. Mark transliterates its sounds by writing them usin * __[Mark 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/mrk/16/01.md b/mrk/16/01.md index 6eceac6124..a004f04fd2 100644 --- a/mrk/16/01.md +++ b/mrk/16/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ On the first day of the week, women come early because they expect to use spices # When the Sabbath day was over That is, after the Sabbath, the seventh day of the week, had ended and the first day of the week had begun. - diff --git a/mrk/16/02.md b/mrk/16/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/16/02.md +++ b/mrk/16/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/16/03.md b/mrk/16/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/16/03.md +++ b/mrk/16/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/16/04.md b/mrk/16/04.md index 8a7cc5c413..edf8d18b05 100644 --- a/mrk/16/04.md +++ b/mrk/16/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the stone had been rolled away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone had rolled away the stone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/16/05.md b/mrk/16/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/16/05.md +++ b/mrk/16/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/16/06.md b/mrk/16/06.md index 26873b1e08..e005b0f283 100644 --- a/mrk/16/06.md +++ b/mrk/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is risen! The angel is emphatically stating that Jesus has risen from the dead. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "He arose!" or "God raised him from the dead!" or "He raised himself from the dead!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/16/07.md b/mrk/16/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/16/07.md +++ b/mrk/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/16/08.md b/mrk/16/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/16/08.md +++ b/mrk/16/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/16/09.md b/mrk/16/09.md index deffa17b9c..a9f5faaf19 100644 --- a/mrk/16/09.md +++ b/mrk/16/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus appears first to Mary Magdalene, who tells the disciples, then he appears # on the first day of the week "on Sunday" - diff --git a/mrk/16/10.md b/mrk/16/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/16/10.md +++ b/mrk/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/16/11.md b/mrk/16/11.md index 08a445f05f..9b2c0fbc36 100644 --- a/mrk/16/11.md +++ b/mrk/16/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he had been seen by her This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Mary Magdalene had seen him" or "she had seen him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/16/12.md b/mrk/16/12.md index be2b7227db..5293777d41 100644 --- a/mrk/16/12.md +++ b/mrk/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "two of them" saw Jesus, but he looked different from how he had looked prev # two of them "two of his disciples" - diff --git a/mrk/16/13.md b/mrk/16/13.md index 8a9f68361c..c178739b15 100644 --- a/mrk/16/13.md +++ b/mrk/16/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they did not believe them The rest of the disciples did not believe what the two who had been walking in the country said. - diff --git a/mrk/16/14.md b/mrk/16/14.md index 9eebcb6b3a..dbd62c76b9 100644 --- a/mrk/16/14.md +++ b/mrk/16/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In Jesus's culture, when people gathered to eat, they lay down on their sides, p # hardness of heart Jesus is rebuking his disciples because they would not believe in him. Translate this idiom so it is understood that the disciples were not believing Jesus. Alternate translation: "refusal to believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/mrk/16/15.md b/mrk/16/15.md index f72cbd0872..8e9c8062ee 100644 --- a/mrk/16/15.md +++ b/mrk/16/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the world" is a metonym for the people in the world. Alternate translation # the entire creation This is an exaggeration and a metonym for people everywhere. Alternate translation: "absolutely everybody" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/mrk/16/16.md b/mrk/16/16.md index e52d6b9a85..d457d9394e 100644 --- a/mrk/16/16.md +++ b/mrk/16/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "He" refers to anyone. This sentence can be made active. Alternate tran # he who does not believe will be condemned The word "he" refers to anyone. This clause can be made active. Alternate translation: "God will condemn all people who do not believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/mrk/16/17.md b/mrk/16/17.md index 4bf44302d3..e229893aee 100644 --- a/mrk/16/17.md +++ b/mrk/16/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Jesus is giving a general list: "In my name they will d # In my name Here "name" is associated with Jesus's authority and power. See how "in your name" is translated in [Mark 9:38](../09/38.md). Alternate translation: "By the authority of my name" or "By the power of my name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/mrk/16/18.md b/mrk/16/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/mrk/16/18.md +++ b/mrk/16/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/mrk/16/19.md b/mrk/16/19.md index da3fd6f067..1984a591d0 100644 --- a/mrk/16/19.md +++ b/mrk/16/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God took him up into # sat down at the right hand of God To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "sat in the place of honor beside God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/mrk/16/20.md b/mrk/16/20.md index 2800177140..d6b2634a32 100644 --- a/mrk/16/20.md +++ b/mrk/16/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means they proved that their message was true. Alternate translation: # by the signs that went with them "by enabling them wherever they went to do miracles that showed that they truly were his disciples" - diff --git a/mrk/16/intro.md b/mrk/16/intro.md index 470bfbddd3..f8ef751687 100644 --- a/mrk/16/intro.md +++ b/mrk/16/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Mark 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The tomb +### The tomb The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Mark 15:46](../../mrk/15/46.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### A young man dressed in a white robe +### A young man dressed in a white robe Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the women at Jesus's tomb. Two of the authors called them men, but that is only because the angels were in human form. Two of the authors wrote about two angels, but the other two authors wrote about only one of them. It is best to translate each of these passages as it appears in the ULB without trying to make the passages all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 28:1-2](../../mat/28/01.md) and [Mark 16:5](../../mrk/16/05.md) and [Luke 24:4](../../luk/24/04.md) and [John 20:12](../../jhn/20/12.md)) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the * __[Mark 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/mrk/front/intro.md b/mrk/front/intro.md index 37bf208f18..e0f727ba38 100644 --- a/mrk/front/intro.md +++ b/mrk/front/intro.md @@ -6,16 +6,18 @@ 1. Introduction (1:1–13) 1. The ministry of Jesus in Galilee - - Early ministry (1:14–3:6) - - Jesus becomes more popular among the people (3:7–5:43) - - Moving away from Galilee and then returning (6:1–8:26) + + - Early ministry (1:14–3:6) + - Jesus becomes more popular among the people (3:7–5:43) + - Moving away from Galilee and then returning (6:1–8:26) + 1. Progress toward Jerusalem, repeated times when Jesus predicts his own death, the disciples misunderstand, and Jesus teaches them how difficult it will be to follow him (8:27–10:52) 1. Last days of ministry and preparation for final conflict in Jerusalem (11:1–13:37) 1. The death of Christ and the empty tomb (14:1–16:8) ### What is the Book of Mark about? -The Gospel of Mark is one of four books in the New Testament that describe some of the life of Jesus Christ. The authors of the gospels wrote about different aspects of who Jesus was and what he did. Mark wrote much about how Jesus suffered and died on the cross. He did this to encourage his readers who were being persecuted. Mark also explained Jewish customs and some Aramaic words. This may indicate that Mark expected most of his first readers to be Gentiles. +The Gospel of Mark is one of four books in the New Testament that describe some of the life of Jesus Christ. The authors of the gospels wrote about different aspects of who Jesus was and what he did. Mark wrote much about how Jesus suffered and died on the cross. He did this to encourage his readers who were being persecuted. Mark also explained Jewish customs and some Aramaic words. This may indicate that Mark expected most of his first readers to be Gentiles. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ The texts are considered "parallel" when they are the same or almost the same am ### Why does Jesus refer to himself as the "Son of Man"? -In the gospels, Jesus calls himself the "Son of Man." It is a reference to Daniel 7:13-14. In this passage there is a person described as a "son of man." That means the person was someone who looked like a human being. God gave authority to the son of man to rule over the nations forever. And all the people will worship him forever. +In the gospels, Jesus calls himself the "Son of Man." It is a reference to Daniel 7:13-14. In this passage there is a person described as a "son of man." That means the person was someone who looked like a human being. God gave authority to the son of man to rule over the nations forever. And all the people will worship him forever. Jews of Jesus's time did not use "Son of Man" as a title for anyone. Therefore, Jesus used it for himself to help them understand who he truly was. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]]) @@ -65,4 +67,3 @@ The following passage in not found in the earliest manuscripts. Most Bibles incl * "Early on the first day of the week, after he arose, he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, from whom he had cast out seven demons. She went and told those who were with him, while they were mourning and weeping. They heard that he was alive and that he had been seen by her, but they did not believe. After these things he appeared in a different form to two of them, as they were walking out into the country. They went and told the rest of the disciples, but they did not believe them. Jesus later appeared to the eleven as they were reclining at the table, and he rebuked them for their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they did not believe those who saw him after he rose from the dead. He said to them, 'Go into all the world, and preach the gospel to the entire creation. He who believes and is baptized will be saved, and he who does not believe will be condemned. These signs will go with those who believe: In my name they will cast out demons. They will speak in new languages. They will pick up snakes with their hands, and if they drink anything deadly, it will not hurt them. They will lay hands on the sick, and they will get well.' After the Lord had spoken to them, he was taken up into heaven and sat down at the right hand of God. The disciples left and preached everywhere, while the Lord worked with them and confirmed the word by the signs that went with them." (16:9-20) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/01.md b/nam/01/01.md index 15d5be1732..dde122bced 100644 --- a/nam/01/01.md +++ b/nam/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words are an introduction to the entire book. This can be stated as a comp # Elkoshite A person from the village of Elkosh (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/02.md b/nam/01/02.md index 89842de8b0..eec10e68d6 100644 --- a/nam/01/02.md +++ b/nam/01/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # he continues his anger for "continues to be angry with" - diff --git a/nam/01/03.md b/nam/01/03.md index b2f88aebfd..5842dd620c 100644 --- a/nam/01/03.md +++ b/nam/01/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The biblical writers often associated Yahweh's presence with powerful storms. He # the dust of his feet "the dust that his feet kick up" - diff --git a/nam/01/04.md b/nam/01/04.md index 86ea742b73..8f5ebb5331 100644 --- a/nam/01/04.md +++ b/nam/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nahum continues to describe Yahweh coming to judge his enemies and to save his p # Bashan is weak, and Carmel also; the flowers of Lebanon have become weak The word translated as "weak" can also mean "withered" or "dried out." Bashan was known for its good pastureland where people tended sheep and cattle, "Carmel" refers to Mount Carmel, which was known for its tree orchards, and the snow from the mountains in Lebanon kept that place fertile. Since Yahweh dries up all the rivers and causes drought, these fertile places will no longer be fertile. Alternate translation: "The fields of Bashan wither, the trees of Mount Carmel die, and the flowers of Lebanon fade" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/05.md b/nam/01/05.md index b4eb8e75c7..10ff828c34 100644 --- a/nam/01/05.md +++ b/nam/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the mountains and hills collapse or 2) the entire groun # the world and all people who live in it Here the word "world" refers to the inhabited places on the earth. The verb for this phrase is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "the world shakes and all the people who live in it collapse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/06.md b/nam/01/06.md index 05169cfd9c..f89e87b158 100644 --- a/nam/01/06.md +++ b/nam/01/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Nahum speaks of Yahweh's anger as if it were a liquid that he pours out and whic # the rocks are broken apart by him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he breaks apart the rocks" or "he causes the rocks to break apart" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/07.md b/nam/01/07.md index a8c2d710b8..aff1f7d3f7 100644 --- a/nam/01/07.md +++ b/nam/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nahum speaks of Yahweh as if he were a place where people can be safe from those # in the day of trouble "in times of trouble" or "when troubles happen." The word "day" here refers to a general period of time. - diff --git a/nam/01/08.md b/nam/01/08.md index a55b3a92a2..d1ca55968b 100644 --- a/nam/01/08.md +++ b/nam/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Nahum speaks of Yahweh destroying his enemies in such a way that they will be po # he will pursue them into darkness Here the word "darkness" represents the place of the dead, which is characterized as a dark place. Nahum speaks of Yahweh killing his enemies as if he were chasing them into this dark place. Alternate translation: "he will cause all his enemies to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/09.md b/nam/01/09.md index adce394035..2b00f6dc86 100644 --- a/nam/01/09.md +++ b/nam/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The idiom "make a full end" refers to causing something to exist no longer. Alte # trouble will not rise up a second time Possible meanings are 1) "trouble" is a metonym for the punishment that Yahweh will inflict upon the people. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will not have to punish you a second time" or 2) "trouble" refers to the trouble that the people cause by plotting against Yahweh. Alternate translation: "you will not cause trouble a second time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/10.md b/nam/01/10.md index 83d55b1c5d..f7683c3398 100644 --- a/nam/01/10.md +++ b/nam/01/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Nahum speaks of Yahweh completely destroying those who plot against him as if fi # consumed Nahum speaks of fire burning something completely as if the fire were devouring that thing. Alternate translation: "burned up by fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/11.md b/nam/01/11.md index de8b6f9951..0744f5f412 100644 --- a/nam/01/11.md +++ b/nam/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks as if the city of Nineveh were one person who could hear him s # a wicked counselor someone who encouraged people to do wicked things - diff --git a/nam/01/12.md b/nam/01/12.md index 002427ce0e..31a68b2960 100644 --- a/nam/01/12.md +++ b/nam/01/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of destroying the people of Nineveh as if they were sheep that he # pass away "disappear" or "waste away" or "all die" - diff --git a/nam/01/13.md b/nam/01/13.md index 33b92a9307..a439ed3dee 100644 --- a/nam/01/13.md +++ b/nam/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now will I break that people's yoke from off you; I will break your chains Yahweh speaks of freeing Judah from Assyrian oppression as if he were breaking the yoke and chains that the Assyrians had placed on them. Alternate translation: "Now I will free you from that people and they will no longer oppress you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/14.md b/nam/01/14.md index 9957efd4b5..d3ef9bd944 100644 --- a/nam/01/14.md +++ b/nam/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of destroying the Assyrian idols as if he were cutting them off, l # I will prepare your grave It is implied that Yahweh will also bury them in the graves that he digs for them. Alternate translation: "I will dig your graves and bury you in them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/15.md b/nam/01/15.md index 1580e16aca..9d4fb35689 100644 --- a/nam/01/15.md +++ b/nam/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Nahum refers to the people of Nineveh as though they were one person. # he is completely cut off Nahum speaks of the people of Nineveh being completely destroyed as if they had been cut off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he is completely destroyed" or "Yahweh has completely destroyed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/nam/01/intro.md b/nam/01/intro.md index 76667b6771..cb630583bc 100644 --- a/nam/01/intro.md +++ b/nam/01/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,20 @@ # Nahum 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers and songs. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of the entire book (except for verse 1 of this chapter) farther to the right on the page than regular text because they are poetic prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -Despite being divided into three chapters, this book consists of one long prophecy. +Despite being divided into three chapters, this book consists of one long prophecy. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's anger against Nineveh -#### Yahweh's anger against Nineveh This prophecy should be read in reference to the book of Jonah. That book described how the people of Niniveh, Assyria's capital city, repented when Jonah warned them that Yahweh was angry at them. The book of Nahum, written a little over one hundred years later than when Jonah was set, indicates that the Ninevites would be punished by God, but only after he had used them for his own purposes. These actions of Yahweh, although described as vengeance or anger, do not have the same sinful quality as they usually do with humans. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Complete destruction -At that time, Assyria controlled almost the entire Near East. Nahum prophesied that the Assyrians would be so completely destroyed as a nation that they would no longer even be a people group. This prophecy came true very suddenly. +### Complete destruction + +At that time, Assyria controlled almost the entire Near East. Nahum prophesied that the Assyrians would be so completely destroyed as a nation that they would no longer even be a people group. This prophecy came true very suddenly. ## Links: @@ -20,4 +22,3 @@ At that time, Assyria controlled almost the entire Near East. Nahum prophesied t * __[Nahum intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/nam/02/01.md b/nam/02/01.md index 7c3c7678cf..1dff057ae3 100644 --- a/nam/02/01.md +++ b/nam/02/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The loins are a synecdoche for the whole body. Alternate translation: "make your # pull together all your strength This is an idiom that means to prepare oneself for action. Here it applies to military action. Alternate translation: "prepare yourselves for battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/02.md b/nam/02/02.md index 361bc966bc..922bc0d314 100644 --- a/nam/02/02.md +++ b/nam/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ people who steal things by force, usually in war # destroyed their vine branches Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor in which the Assyrians taking away Israel's possessions by force is spoken of as if Israel were a vine whose branches the Assyrians had stripped bare. Alternate translation: "robbed them of all of their possession, like one would strip bare vine branches" or 2) the words "vine branches" are a synecdoche for the agricultural fields throughout the nation. Alternate translation: "destroyed their fields of crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/03.md b/nam/02/03.md index 266ace0f8a..a12bf61747 100644 --- a/nam/02/03.md +++ b/nam/02/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the soldiers wave the # cypress a type of tree whose wood is good for weapons (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/04.md b/nam/02/04.md index d7afd57ff8..26ce275244 100644 --- a/nam/02/04.md +++ b/nam/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Nahum compares the way that the light from the sun reflects upon the chariots wi # they run like lightning Nahum compares the way that the light from the sun reflects upon the chariots, and the quickness with which the chariots move, with lightning that flashes quickly in the sky. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/05.md b/nam/02/05.md index 46b9edbc47..374d551663 100644 --- a/nam/02/05.md +++ b/nam/02/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The attackers make re # The large shield This refers to a large cover that those who besieged a city would set up over themselves and their battering rams to protect themselves against the arrows and other projectiles with which the people in the city would attack them. - diff --git a/nam/02/06.md b/nam/02/06.md index 9bc7e536bc..c11296e65d 100644 --- a/nam/02/06.md +++ b/nam/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The enemy forces open # The gates at the rivers This refers to the gates that controlled the flow and direction of the river. - diff --git a/nam/02/07.md b/nam/02/07.md index f7a0a0f2c8..b7681e69f6 100644 --- a/nam/02/07.md +++ b/nam/02/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ If the word "Huzzab" refers to a queen, then this phrase refers to the young wom # beating on their breasts Beating one's breast was a gesture used to express great mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/08.md b/nam/02/08.md index 909b6809bf..75a7cd5860 100644 --- a/nam/02/08.md +++ b/nam/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nineveh is like a leaking pool of water, with its people fleeing away like rushing water Nahum compares the way that the people flee from the city of Nineveh with the way that water gushes from a reservoir of water when the dam has been broken. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/09.md b/nam/02/09.md index 23033a2e21..4a54ee8304 100644 --- a/nam/02/09.md +++ b/nam/02/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "no end" are an exaggeration to express that there is a great amount o # to the splendor of all Nineveh's desirable things This phrase refers to the silver, gold, and other treasures in Nineveh. The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "there is no end to the splendor of all Nineveh's beautiful treasures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/10.md b/nam/02/10.md index c701f3ff79..1bdf75c1a9 100644 --- a/nam/02/10.md +++ b/nam/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This describes a physical response to great fear. The people's legs shake so bad # anguish is in all loins The loins are either 1) a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "everyone is in anguish" Or 2) a metonym for the internal organs, and you should describe them using your language's words for how a person's stomach feels when he is very frightened. Alternate translation: "everyone's stomachs are churning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/11.md b/nam/02/11.md index e11f79a3d8..f9fbbc02d1 100644 --- a/nam/02/11.md +++ b/nam/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses, Nahum speaks of the people of Nineveh as if they were a group o # Where now is the lions' den ... afraid of nothing? Nahum uses this rhetorical question to mock Nineveh, which has been destroyed. Alternate translation: "The lions' den is nowhere to be found ... afraid of nothing." or "Look at what has become of the lions' den ... afraid of nothing!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/12.md b/nam/02/12.md index 42e24b84c3..fce95f820a 100644 --- a/nam/02/12.md +++ b/nam/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # filled his cave with victims, his dens with torn carcasses These two phrases are saying the same thing in different ways. The verb may be supplied for the second phrase. Alternate translation: "filled his cave with victims, and filled his dens with torn carcasses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/13.md b/nam/02/13.md index 8ee7a3b374..7920b4572c 100644 --- a/nam/02/13.md +++ b/nam/02/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people of Nineveh as if they were lions who preyed upon the # the voices of your messengers will be heard no more This likely refers to the messengers that the Assyrians sent out to other nations to demand surrender or payment of tribute. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will ever hear the voices of your messengers again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/nam/02/intro.md b/nam/02/intro.md index 242830dbb4..2dc9d44928 100644 --- a/nam/02/intro.md +++ b/nam/02/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Nahum 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers and songs. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of the entire book (except for verse 1 of chapter 1) farther to the right on the page than regular text because they are poetic prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -Despite being divided into three chapters, this book contains one long prophecy. +Despite being divided into three chapters, this book contains one long prophecy. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Complete destruction -#### Complete destruction At that time, Assyria controlled almost the entire Near East. Nahum prophesied that the Assyrians would be so completely destroyed as a nation that they would no longer even be a people group. This prophecy came true and did so very suddenly. At times, this chapter is very violent in describing the destruction of Assyria, and this violence should not be toned down through the use of euphemism. ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ At that time, Assyria controlled almost the entire Near East. Nahum prophesied t * __[Nahum 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/nam/03/01.md b/nam/03/01.md index 8ccccd35dc..c929d5906a 100644 --- a/nam/03/01.md +++ b/nam/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "blood" represents bloodshed and refers to the people who have com # It is all full of lies Here the word "lies" is a metonym for those who tell lies. Alternate translation: "It is full of liars" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/02.md b/nam/03/02.md index a4ffb152bc..1742c11624 100644 --- a/nam/03/02.md +++ b/nam/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the noise of whips and the sound of rattling wheels, prancing horses, and bounding chariots These phrases describe the sound of chariots rushing through the streets as their drivers use their whips on the horses. - diff --git a/nam/03/04.md b/nam/03/04.md index ce468a48ab..516590a94d 100644 --- a/nam/03/04.md +++ b/nam/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Nahum speaks of Nineveh causing other nations to be subject to her as if the cit # who sells nations through her prostitution, and peoples through her acts of witchcraft Here the word "sells" implies that the people of Nineveh cause other nations and peoples to become slaves. Nineveh uses her beauty, power, and influence to make others her slaves. Alternate translation: "who by her prostitution and witchcraft causes the people of other nations to become her slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/05.md b/nam/03/05.md index f03f88dc20..70dc9f9eda 100644 --- a/nam/03/05.md +++ b/nam/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the practice of publicly humiliating prostitutes by stripping the # your shame to the kingdoms This phrase explains the purpose of lifting up Nineveh's skirt. The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "I will show your shame to the kingdoms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/06.md b/nam/03/06.md index 4193c072f8..cdc21bdb49 100644 --- a/nam/03/06.md +++ b/nam/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will throw disgusting filth on you The words "disgusting filth" refer to all kinds of garbage. Throwing garbage at a person was a sign of strong contempt. Alternate translation: "I will show my contempt for you, like a person would throw disgusting filth at another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/07.md b/nam/03/07.md index 7a56f34027..1fd3e02da5 100644 --- a/nam/03/07.md +++ b/nam/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people ask this rhetorical question to emphasize the negative answer. Altern # Where can I go to find anyone to comfort you? Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there will be no one who will be able to comfort Nineveh. Alternate translation: "There is nowhere I could go to find someone to comfort you." or "There will be no one to comfort you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/08.md b/nam/03/08.md index c5be50beae..a150515d3a 100644 --- a/nam/03/08.md +++ b/nam/03/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings. The word "sea" refers to the Nile Rive # rampart A rampart is a wall built around a city to keep enemy armies from getting into the city. - diff --git a/nam/03/09.md b/nam/03/09.md index 6474b97032..4353ec4a44 100644 --- a/nam/03/09.md +++ b/nam/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "it" refers to the "strength" that Cush and Egypt gave to Thebes. That # Put and Libya These are the names of places in northern Africa that were close to Thebes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/10.md b/nam/03/10.md index c7bfa0e93b..d6336ea260 100644 --- a/nam/03/10.md +++ b/nam/03/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The beginning of a street is spoken of as if it were the head. Also, "every" is # all her great men were bound in chains This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they bound all her great men in chains" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/11.md b/nam/03/11.md index ff53f2ca24..7c5b50f84e 100644 --- a/nam/03/11.md +++ b/nam/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You also will become drunk Here the word "You" refers to Nineveh. Nahum speaks of the people of Nineveh suffering and dying in battle as if they had become drunk from drinking too much wine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/12.md b/nam/03/12.md index 8df1a4bc8a..80d280fa3f 100644 --- a/nam/03/12.md +++ b/nam/03/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the figs that would ripen first on the tree. These figs fell from # they fall into the mouth of the eater "the figs fall into the mouth of the eater." This is an exaggeration. By saying that the figs fall from the tree into the mouth of the one who eats it, Nahum emphasizes that the figs are ready to eat immediately. Alternate translation: "a person can eat the fig immediately" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/13.md b/nam/03/13.md index ccbbda4a1f..508418f6f2 100644 --- a/nam/03/13.md +++ b/nam/03/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) if "fortresses" in v. 12 refers to the Nineveh's defens # fire has devoured Nahum speaks of fire burning up and destroying as if fire were eating. Alternate translation: "fire has destroyed" or "fire has burned up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/14.md b/nam/03/14.md index de469604b5..b2c9526c90 100644 --- a/nam/03/14.md +++ b/nam/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Nahum speaks to the people of Nineveh. He tells them to prepare for battle and t # go into the clay and tread the mortar; pick up the molds for the bricks These phrases refer to making mud bricks that they will use to repair the city's wall. - diff --git a/nam/03/15.md b/nam/03/15.md index 91223cbe5f..66a126b34b 100644 --- a/nam/03/15.md +++ b/nam/03/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "It" refers to the "sword," which is personified as eating those whom i # Make yourselves as many as the young locusts, as many as the full-grown locusts These words begin a new paragraph where Nahum compares the number of people in Nineveh with the large number of locusts in a swarm. - diff --git a/nam/03/16.md b/nam/03/16.md index 9bbc0dee73..951f24a672 100644 --- a/nam/03/16.md +++ b/nam/03/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This exaggeration emphasizes the great number of merchants who lived and worked # they are like young locusts: they plunder the land and then fly away Nahum compares the way that these merchants, who have made their profit by selling their goods in Nineveh, will flee from the city when the battle begins with the way that locusts fly away after they have eaten all of the plants in their path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/17.md b/nam/03/17.md index 0f2c9d481f..54484c2e1c 100644 --- a/nam/03/17.md +++ b/nam/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nahum compares the way that the officials in Nineveh will flee when the battle s # the place they go to is not known "and no one knows where they have gone" - diff --git a/nam/03/18.md b/nam/03/18.md index 6e40574edd..51a894ce38 100644 --- a/nam/03/18.md +++ b/nam/03/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two lines share similar meanings. Nahum speaks of the leaders of Assyria a # Your people are scattered on the mountains Nahum speaks of the people of Nineveh as if they were sheep that scatter after the shepherds have died. Alternate translation: "Your people are scattered like sheep on the mountains" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/19.md b/nam/03/19.md index a87b3854ac..559cdcac24 100644 --- a/nam/03/19.md +++ b/nam/03/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "healing" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation # On whom has your wickedness not trodden continually? The writer either 1) speaks of wickedness as if it were a person who steps on other people while he goes from one place to another or 2) uses "wickedness" as a metonym for the people who commit it and "trodden" as a metaphor for committing wickedness. This rhetorical question emphasizes the negative answer that it anticipates. Alternate translation: "Your wickedness has continually trodden on everyone." or "There is no one to whom you have not continually done wickedness." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/nam/03/intro.md b/nam/03/intro.md index 7588c7b371..184acd6f86 100644 --- a/nam/03/intro.md +++ b/nam/03/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Nahum 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers and songs. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of the entire book (except for verse 1 of chapter 1) farther to the right on the page than regular text because they are poetic prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -Despite being divided into three chapters, the book contains one long prophecy. +Despite being divided into three chapters, the book contains one long prophecy. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Euphemism -#### Euphemism This chapter speaks about the evils of the Assyrians in violent ways. It is important to avoiding toning down this language through the use of euphemism, if at all possible. Although there is some hyperbole, the reader should not assume that the author intends this writing to be taken as completely hyperbolic. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ This chapter speaks about the evils of the Assyrians in violent ways. It is impo * __[Nahum 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/nam/front/intro.md b/nam/front/intro.md index 77faae3bf6..90381d145c 100644 --- a/nam/front/intro.md +++ b/nam/front/intro.md @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ When Nahum spoke to the Israelites, he wanted to comfort them. When Nahum and Yahweh spoke against the Ninevites, they often mocked them. This manner of speech was similar to speech in the ancient Near East when conquerors laughed at their victims. It is important for translators to present both emotions of comfort and of mockery when translating this book. - diff --git a/neh/01/01.md b/neh/01/01.md index 4782c1e280..f30c8c4528 100644 --- a/neh/01/01.md +++ b/neh/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Nehemiah is referring to the number of years that Artaxerxes had been reigning a # fortress of Susa This was one of the royal cities of Persian kings, located in the country of Elam. It was a large, fortified city with high walls surrounding it. - diff --git a/neh/01/02.md b/neh/01/02.md index d99c2fbbfd..042950246a 100644 --- a/neh/01/02.md +++ b/neh/01/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Hanani was Nehemiah's biological brother. # the Jews, the escaped remnant, those who had escaped from the captivity The phrases "escaped remnant" and "those who had escaped from the captivity" both describe "the Jews," and "those who had escaped the captivity" specifies what it was that "the escaped remnant" escaped. Possible meanings are 1) the few Jews who were taken as exiles to Babylon but escaped and returned to live in Jerusalem or 2) the few Jews who had escaped from those who were trying to take them into exile in Babylon and so remained in Jerusalem. Since it is unclear which meaning is correct, it is best not to specify in the translation. - diff --git a/neh/01/03.md b/neh/01/03.md index 3cb9a5ecee..5caabe8516 100644 --- a/neh/01/03.md +++ b/neh/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "province" refers to Judah as an administrative district under the Persian # the wall of Jerusalem has been broken open, and its gates have been set on fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "armies have broken open the wall of Jerusalem and have set its gates on fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/01/04.md b/neh/01/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/01/04.md +++ b/neh/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/01/05.md b/neh/01/05.md index ac1f435cc8..145733fbda 100644 --- a/neh/01/05.md +++ b/neh/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # who love him and keep his commandments Since Nehemiah is speaking to Yahweh, the pronouns "him" and "his" can be translated as "you" and "your." Alternate translation: "who love you and keep your commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/neh/01/06.md b/neh/01/06.md index 3a1242de8c..60dbdfa1eb 100644 --- a/neh/01/06.md +++ b/neh/01/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ By saying that he prays both during the day and during the night, Nehemiah empha # Both I and my father's house Here the word "house" represents family. Alternate translation: "Both I and my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/01/07.md b/neh/01/07.md index 7620c8338d..5a0afc8391 100644 --- a/neh/01/07.md +++ b/neh/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The prayer that Nehemiah begs Yahweh to listen to ([Nehemiah 1:5](./05.md)) continues. - diff --git a/neh/01/08.md b/neh/01/08.md index 201e76a801..3d68985942 100644 --- a/neh/01/08.md +++ b/neh/01/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The pronouns "you" and "your" are plural and refer to the Israelite people. (See # I will scatter you among the peoples Yahweh speaks of causing the Israelite people to live in other nations as if he scattered them like one would scatter seeds. Alternate translation: "I will cause you to live among the people of other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/neh/01/09.md b/neh/01/09.md index ae8bbbbceb..bb6ddb207e 100644 --- a/neh/01/09.md +++ b/neh/01/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrase refers to Jerusalem, where the temple was located. Alternate transla # where I have chosen to make my name remain Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "where I have chosen to dwell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/01/10.md b/neh/01/10.md index f35628614d..5324f83b57 100644 --- a/neh/01/10.md +++ b/neh/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the Israelite people. # by your great power and by your strong hand Here "hand" represents strength or power. Together, these two phrases form a doublet that emphasizes the intensity of Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "by your great power and by your mighty strength" or "by your very powerful strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/neh/01/11.md b/neh/01/11.md index fd145fc3c0..e47cfd1ebd 100644 --- a/neh/01/11.md +++ b/neh/01/11.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Nehemiah speaks of the king's attitude or disposition as if it were how the king # I served as cupbearer to the king This is background information about Nehemiah's role in the king's court. Your language may have a special way to mark background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/neh/01/intro.md b/neh/01/intro.md index e66978fb49..1e215d01c0 100644 --- a/neh/01/intro.md +++ b/neh/01/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,26 @@ # Nehemiah 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +### "The words of Nehemiah son of Hacaliah:" -#### "The words of Nehemiah son of Hacaliah:" This phrase serves as an introduction to this entire book. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Repentance -#### Repentance This chapter is a single long record of Nehemiah's repentance on behalf of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### I -#### I While the author of this book is probably Ezra, the word "I" always refers to Nehemiah. -#### Israel -It is uncertain to whom "Israel" refers. It probably does not refer to the northern kingdom of Israel. Neither does it likely refer to the twelve tribes of Israel. Instead, it is probably a reference to Israel in the sense of the surviving people group. At Nehemiah's time, this people group exclusively comprised the tribe of Judah because the other tribes had already been scattered throughout the entire Near East, where they lost their identity, for the most part. +### Israel + +It is uncertain to whom "Israel" refers. It probably does not refer to the northern kingdom of Israel. Neither does it likely refer to the twelve tribes of Israel. Instead, it is probably a reference to Israel in the sense of the surviving people group. At Nehemiah's time, this people group exclusively comprised the tribe of Judah because the other tribes had already been scattered throughout the entire Near East, where they lost their identity, for the most part. ## Links: @@ -24,4 +28,3 @@ It is uncertain to whom "Israel" refers. It probably does not refer to the north * __[Nehemiah intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/02/01.md b/neh/02/01.md index a42e1333e0..a4ca2e163c 100644 --- a/neh/02/01.md +++ b/neh/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a pause in the story. Here Nehemiah tells background information about the expression on his face when he went before the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/neh/02/02.md b/neh/02/02.md index bcee65b26b..3877e7dc78 100644 --- a/neh/02/02.md +++ b/neh/02/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of Nehemiah being sad as if his heart were sad, since the heart is o # Then I became very much afraid As Nehemiah prepares to answer, he is afraid because he does not know how the king will respond. - diff --git a/neh/02/03.md b/neh/02/03.md index 79c4d84663..47f587a842 100644 --- a/neh/02/03.md +++ b/neh/02/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Nehemiah uses this rhetorical question to tell the king that he has a reaso # its gates have been destroyed by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fire has destroyed its gates" or "our enemy has burned its gates" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/02/04.md b/neh/02/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/02/04.md +++ b/neh/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/02/05.md b/neh/02/05.md index e161970825..ea8fa16b55 100644 --- a/neh/02/05.md +++ b/neh/02/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "in your ju # that I may rebuild it Nehemiah does not plan to do all of the building himself, but he will be the leader of the work. Alternate translation: "that I and my people may rebuild it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/neh/02/06.md b/neh/02/06.md index eb93f5fd83..f3b4af8984 100644 --- a/neh/02/06.md +++ b/neh/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I gave him an appointed time "I told him when I wanted to go and how long I would be gone" - diff --git a/neh/02/07.md b/neh/02/07.md index 38f72ed4a7..b0577048e4 100644 --- a/neh/02/07.md +++ b/neh/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may you give letters # the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. - diff --git a/neh/02/08.md b/neh/02/08.md index 39f5804ea5..9cc4d9bf13 100644 --- a/neh/02/08.md +++ b/neh/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the good hand of God was on me God's "good hand" represents his "favor." Alternate translation: "God's favor was upon me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/02/09.md b/neh/02/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/02/09.md +++ b/neh/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/02/10.md b/neh/02/10.md index 34d2ebe029..e6703a2ae5 100644 --- a/neh/02/10.md +++ b/neh/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This man was likely a freed slave now serving as an officer in Ammon. (See: [[rc # heard this "heard that I had arrived" - diff --git a/neh/02/11.md b/neh/02/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/02/11.md +++ b/neh/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/02/12.md b/neh/02/12.md index e2d39cca0d..678b51ff65 100644 --- a/neh/02/12.md +++ b/neh/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Nehemiah's "heart" refers to his thoughts and will. Alternate translation: # There was no animal with me "There were no animals with me" - diff --git a/neh/02/13.md b/neh/02/13.md index 922eac20d7..58d2061eb2 100644 --- a/neh/02/13.md +++ b/neh/02/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Presumably, refuse was removed from the city through this gate. # which had been broken open, and the wooden gates were destroyed by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which Israel's enemies had broken open, and the wooden gates which their enemies had destroyed with fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/02/14.md b/neh/02/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/02/14.md +++ b/neh/02/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/02/15.md b/neh/02/15.md index db05b279be..c244d3ad2f 100644 --- a/neh/02/15.md +++ b/neh/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The other men with Nehemiah also followed him. Alternate translation: "So we wen # by the Valley Gate "through the Valley Gate" - diff --git a/neh/02/16.md b/neh/02/16.md index 73fdd6a7d3..8821951c4b 100644 --- a/neh/02/16.md +++ b/neh/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the rest who did the work This refers to the men who would later rebuild the walls. Alternate translation: "the others who would later do the work of rebuilding the walls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/02/17.md b/neh/02/17.md index c29ca29bb5..e9c73f0eae 100644 --- a/neh/02/17.md +++ b/neh/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "how our enemies destr # so we will no longer be in disgrace "so we will no longer be ashamed" - diff --git a/neh/02/18.md b/neh/02/18.md index b0ca11816f..5ac3b48ddb 100644 --- a/neh/02/18.md +++ b/neh/02/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "begin building" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # So they strengthened their hands for the good work The phrase "strengthened their hands" means to prepare to do something. Alternate translation: "So they prepared do this good work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/neh/02/19.md b/neh/02/19.md index f6f1e9bdbe..7827cfe19e 100644 --- a/neh/02/19.md +++ b/neh/02/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These rhetorical questions are used to mock Nehemiah. These can be written as st # the king This refers to Artaxerses, the king of Persia. - diff --git a/neh/02/20.md b/neh/02/20.md index 9ba58cc521..862cf0d576 100644 --- a/neh/02/20.md +++ b/neh/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "will begin rebuilding" (See: [[rc://en # But you have no share, no right, and no historic claim in Jerusalem "But you have no share, legal right, or religious claim to Jerusalem" - diff --git a/neh/02/intro.md b/neh/02/intro.md index 3552518298..b18e04cd60 100644 --- a/neh/02/intro.md +++ b/neh/02/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ # Nehemiah 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter begins the account of the construction of the wall. Many scholars believe these chapters teach valuable lessons on leadership ([Nehemiah 2-6](./01.md)). -#### Special concepts in this chapter +### Special concepts in this chapter + +### Nehemiah's character -#### Nehemiah's character Apparently, Nehemiah's character made an impression on the king. It was very unusual for a king to be so concerned with one of his servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Cultural Customs -In ancient Persia, they thought it was important for their conquered peoples to practice their own cultural customs. It was thought that this independence promoted peace in their vast kingdom. The rebuilding of Jerusalem may have been seen as a way to allow for the Jewish cultural practices. +### Cultural Customs + +In ancient Persia, they thought it was important for their conquered peoples to practice their own cultural customs. It was thought that this independence promoted peace in their vast kingdom. The rebuilding of Jerusalem may have been seen as a way to allow for the Jewish cultural practices. + +### Yahweh's control -#### Yahweh's control Yahweh is seen as very powerful. He is able to provide for his people, even through a foreign king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +23,3 @@ Yahweh is seen as very powerful. He is able to provide for his people, even thro * __[Nehemiah 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/03/01.md b/neh/03/01.md index fee0a902b2..7c2765b8d9 100644 --- a/neh/03/01.md +++ b/neh/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Tower of Hananel This is the name of a tower. It is likely named after a man named "Hananel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/02.md b/neh/03/02.md index 7ac53e6dc7..7aa8bd3161 100644 --- a/neh/03/02.md +++ b/neh/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # men of Jericho This means that the men were from Jericho. Alternate translation: "men from Jericho" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/03.md b/neh/03/03.md index c3fc78ea2b..075feb233c 100644 --- a/neh/03/03.md +++ b/neh/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its bolts, and its bars "its locks and bars." These locked the gates securely. - diff --git a/neh/03/04.md b/neh/03/04.md index 9e77724204..be99f9fb5c 100644 --- a/neh/03/04.md +++ b/neh/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Meremoth repaired the next section ... Meshullam repaired ... Zadok repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Meremoth repaired the next section of the wall ... Meshullam repaired the wall ... Zadok repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/05.md b/neh/03/05.md index d31d2fa203..68c25b3107 100644 --- a/neh/03/05.md +++ b/neh/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are people from the town of Tekoa. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-na # ordered by their supervisors This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that their supervisors had ordered them to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/06.md b/neh/03/06.md index 836ae8ca5f..fb62376c82 100644 --- a/neh/03/06.md +++ b/neh/03/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its bolts, and its bars "its locks and bars." These locked the gates securely. - diff --git a/neh/03/07.md b/neh/03/07.md index 5ee0fbc004..549cdba193 100644 --- a/neh/03/07.md +++ b/neh/03/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/08.md b/neh/03/08.md index 3fe40b2219..1bd854023c 100644 --- a/neh/03/08.md +++ b/neh/03/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Hananiah repaired the wall as well. Alternate translation: "next to him Hananiah # perfumes liquid substances that people put on their body in small amounts to smell pleasant - diff --git a/neh/03/09.md b/neh/03/09.md index 16ccd009e3..5074521a55 100644 --- a/neh/03/09.md +++ b/neh/03/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ leader or chief administrator # half the district "Half" means one part out of two equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/10.md b/neh/03/10.md index 226eb116fb..89c2e35651 100644 --- a/neh/03/10.md +++ b/neh/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Harumaph repaired ... Hashabneiah repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Harumaph repaired the wall ... Hashabneiah repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/11.md b/neh/03/11.md index f5fb4d55ab..c8ff4cbffa 100644 --- a/neh/03/11.md +++ b/neh/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # repaired another section These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired another section of the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/12.md b/neh/03/12.md index 05e5eac29c..467fa4bbf9 100644 --- a/neh/03/12.md +++ b/neh/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ leader or chief administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:9](../ # half the district "Half" means one part out of two equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/13.md b/neh/03/13.md index cae6c27d16..4d06898824 100644 --- a/neh/03/13.md +++ b/neh/03/13.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ It is understood that they were repaing the wall of Jerusalem. Alternate transla # the Dung Gate Presumably, refuse was removed from the city through this gate. Try to translate this expression as a name, not just as a description. - diff --git a/neh/03/14.md b/neh/03/14.md index ce5611d7d2..1cb79587fd 100644 --- a/neh/03/14.md +++ b/neh/03/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # its bolts, and its bars "its locks, and its bars." These locked the gates securely. - diff --git a/neh/03/15.md b/neh/03/15.md index 90eaf7ded5..ebfa065bbe 100644 --- a/neh/03/15.md +++ b/neh/03/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Shallun was the official, not Kol-Hozeh. # the wall of the Pool of Siloam This means that the wall was beside the Pool of Siloam. Alternate translation: "the wall that surrounded the Pool of Siloam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/16.md b/neh/03/16.md index fe398b818d..42bc618c26 100644 --- a/neh/03/16.md +++ b/neh/03/16.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired the # mighty men "warriors" - diff --git a/neh/03/17.md b/neh/03/17.md index e8d21aacc5..c7c21703c0 100644 --- a/neh/03/17.md +++ b/neh/03/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Levites repai # for his district "representing his district" or "on behalf of his district" - diff --git a/neh/03/18.md b/neh/03/18.md index b5632b2a0f..fa51732cea 100644 --- a/neh/03/18.md +++ b/neh/03/18.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ leader or chief administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:9](../ # Keilah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/19.md b/neh/03/19.md index 25a120b073..24e10d6987 100644 --- a/neh/03/19.md +++ b/neh/03/19.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ leader or chief administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:9](../ # armory the place where weapons are kept - diff --git a/neh/03/20.md b/neh/03/20.md index 3eaeb6e9b0..d9d05003ad 100644 --- a/neh/03/20.md +++ b/neh/03/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # repaired another section This refers to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired another section of the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/21.md b/neh/03/21.md index 0abcfec761..760017078d 100644 --- a/neh/03/21.md +++ b/neh/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Meremoth ... Uriah ... Hakkoz These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/22.md b/neh/03/22.md index fda2d19373..77c8230063 100644 --- a/neh/03/22.md +++ b/neh/03/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # around Jerusalem, repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "around Jerusalem, repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/neh/03/23.md b/neh/03/23.md index 110cad5166..9e42289cdb 100644 --- a/neh/03/23.md +++ b/neh/03/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # opposite their own house "in front of their own house" - diff --git a/neh/03/24.md b/neh/03/24.md index 70c3288b81..f6045be2a0 100644 --- a/neh/03/24.md +++ b/neh/03/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # After him "Next to him" - diff --git a/neh/03/25.md b/neh/03/25.md index 9410760ed2..5a9ccf7486 100644 --- a/neh/03/25.md +++ b/neh/03/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is the place where the guards stayed. # After him "Next to him" - diff --git a/neh/03/26.md b/neh/03/26.md index c8407bbae4..722df40c62 100644 --- a/neh/03/26.md +++ b/neh/03/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the projecting tower "the tall tower." The phrase "the projecting tower" means a tall tower that juts out from the wall. - diff --git a/neh/03/27.md b/neh/03/27.md index 8bc257828d..17ce43bc15 100644 --- a/neh/03/27.md +++ b/neh/03/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are people from the town of Tekoa. See how you translated this in [Nehemia # the great projecting tower "the tall tower." The phrase "the projecting tower" means a tall tower that juts out from the wall. It is likely that this phrase refers to the same tower as "the tall tower" in verse 26. - diff --git a/neh/03/28.md b/neh/03/28.md index f3cac72c4b..9b7432bc61 100644 --- a/neh/03/28.md +++ b/neh/03/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "above" is used here because the priests' houses were likely located at # opposite his own house "in front of his own house" - diff --git a/neh/03/29.md b/neh/03/29.md index b7a1becd51..04251a3938 100644 --- a/neh/03/29.md +++ b/neh/03/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Shemaiah was the keeper of the east gate, not Shekaniah. # the keeper of the east gate "the person who looked after the east gate" or "the person who opened and closed the east gate" - diff --git a/neh/03/30.md b/neh/03/30.md index adcb085d48..c3e5915b80 100644 --- a/neh/03/30.md +++ b/neh/03/30.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # opposite his living chambers "in front of the rooms where he stayed." The word "his" refers to Meshullam. - diff --git a/neh/03/31.md b/neh/03/31.md index 685f9d79de..b496db89f6 100644 --- a/neh/03/31.md +++ b/neh/03/31.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired the wa # upper living chambers the higher-level rooms where people stayed - diff --git a/neh/03/32.md b/neh/03/32.md index e5aa341b9b..1d0c7dc1b9 100644 --- a/neh/03/32.md +++ b/neh/03/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "merchants repai # Sheep Gate This is the name of an entranceway in the wall. - diff --git a/neh/03/intro.md b/neh/03/intro.md index 02f628d9e9..b13b49d3a7 100644 --- a/neh/03/intro.md +++ b/neh/03/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Nehemiah 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Priests -#### Priests The priests worked on rebuilding the city. Normally, the priests were exempt from this type of work. Because they helped, it emphasizes that this is a holy work and something done for Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Cooperation +### Cooperation + Everyone worked on this project. Many names are mentioned to emphasize the cooperation between the different families. Each was given a section of the wall to rebuild. ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Everyone worked on this project. Many names are mentioned to emphasize the coope * __[Nehemiah 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/04/01.md b/neh/04/01.md index b02291bcf5..d092e07b70 100644 --- a/neh/04/01.md +++ b/neh/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated it in [Nehemiah 2:10](../02/10.md). # anger burned within him, and he was furiously angry This speaks of Sanballat becoming very angry as if his anger were a burning fire. These two phrases mean the same thing and are used together to emphasize that he was extremely angry. Alternate translation: "he became furiously angry" or "he became very angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/02.md b/neh/04/02.md index dbb2dbb29b..d653008e3b 100644 --- a/neh/04/02.md +++ b/neh/04/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This speaks of the people rebuilding the city as if they were bring it back to l # from the piles of rubble after they were burned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "from piles of rubble that someone had burned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/03.md b/neh/04/03.md index 3ac3ee23b5..04990696aa 100644 --- a/neh/04/03.md +++ b/neh/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 2:10](../02/10.md # If only a fox went up on what they are building, it would break down their stone wall Sanaballat mocks the wall and exaggerates how weak it is by saying that a fox could knock it down. Alternate translation: "That wall they are building is so weak that even if a little fox climbed up on it, their stone wall would fall to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/04.md b/neh/04/04.md index adf6f28a02..7fd5b85a30 100644 --- a/neh/04/04.md +++ b/neh/04/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "their taunts" refers to Sanballat's and Tobiah's insults. Here the w # land of captivity "land where they are prisoners" - diff --git a/neh/04/05.md b/neh/04/05.md index 3b821d7893..95feba9cac 100644 --- a/neh/04/05.md +++ b/neh/04/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Nehemiah is expressing a desire. He is not asking God to forbid another person f # they have provoked the builders to anger "they have made the builders become angry" - diff --git a/neh/04/06.md b/neh/04/06.md index d66599ef40..2b5f8a805f 100644 --- a/neh/04/06.md +++ b/neh/04/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we joined the wall to # half its height "Half" means one part out of two equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/07.md b/neh/04/07.md index 8e4d5288b0..87ed7793b5 100644 --- a/neh/04/07.md +++ b/neh/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a great anger burned within them This speaks of the people being very angry as if their anger were something that burned inside them. Alternate translation: "they became very angry" or "they became enraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/08.md b/neh/04/08.md index d2c144f626..234c8fd182 100644 --- a/neh/04/08.md +++ b/neh/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # against Jerusalem Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "against the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/09.md b/neh/04/09.md index 51acb3d150..918c9cbb37 100644 --- a/neh/04/09.md +++ b/neh/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # set a guard as protection "put men around the wall to guard the city" - diff --git a/neh/04/10.md b/neh/04/10.md index b3c893fb4a..61f2dc435e 100644 --- a/neh/04/10.md +++ b/neh/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There is too much rubble Rubble is "burned stone" or "broken rock" or "unusable stone." - diff --git a/neh/04/11.md b/neh/04/11.md index d620538098..8437d18e62 100644 --- a/neh/04/11.md +++ b/neh/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will not know or see until we come among them "They will not see us coming until we are beside them" - diff --git a/neh/04/12.md b/neh/04/12.md index a7c6f3e9ba..2f6dea7ff4 100644 --- a/neh/04/12.md +++ b/neh/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents many directions. The word "all" is an exaggeration for represent # spoke to us ten times Here the number 10 is used to represent "many." Alternate translation: "spoke to us many times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/13.md b/neh/04/13.md index 643c8c5052..661863bc85 100644 --- a/neh/04/13.md +++ b/neh/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I positioned each family This refers to several people from each family, this likely does not include the women and children. Alternate translation: "I positioned people from each family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/14.md b/neh/04/14.md index 97725ea457..e3df7f0e5f 100644 --- a/neh/04/14.md +++ b/neh/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Call to mind the Lord the phrase "call to mind" means to remember. Alternate translation: "Remember the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/15.md b/neh/04/15.md index 1af0f5704e..03f9a605c2 100644 --- a/neh/04/15.md +++ b/neh/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # their plans were known to us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we knew about their plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/16.md b/neh/04/16.md index ad9fab9606..cdd3bc09d9 100644 --- a/neh/04/16.md +++ b/neh/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the leaders stood behind all the people "the leaders positioned themselves behind all the people" - diff --git a/neh/04/17.md b/neh/04/17.md index 82e6c492b1..dfc9cf6039 100644 --- a/neh/04/17.md +++ b/neh/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These were people who carried supplies to those who were actually working on the # each did his work with one hand, and with the other hand he held his weapon This is probably an exaggeration to say that they always had their weapon with them so that if anyone attacked them, they could protect themselves and those around them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/18.md b/neh/04/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/04/18.md +++ b/neh/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/04/19.md b/neh/04/19.md index d9499be277..f0da898746 100644 --- a/neh/04/19.md +++ b/neh/04/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the leaders referred to in [Nehemiah 4:16](../04/16.md). # The work is great Here the word "great" means "large-scale" or "huge." - diff --git a/neh/04/20.md b/neh/04/20.md index e7f6712530..d5b92a6c1f 100644 --- a/neh/04/20.md +++ b/neh/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the ram's horn sound This refers to someone blowing a ram's horn. Alternate translation: "someone blowing a ram's horn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/21.md b/neh/04/21.md index 6a1adb1049..5c1b8f72d0 100644 --- a/neh/04/21.md +++ b/neh/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the whole day, while it is light outside. Alternate translation: # the rising of the dawn It is the point in time that the sun rises that is "dawn." Here the sun rising is spoken of as if the "dawn" rose. Alternate translation: "the rising of the sun" or "dawn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/04/22.md b/neh/04/22.md index 9b5dae51c1..c22facea13 100644 --- a/neh/04/22.md +++ b/neh/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the middle of Jerusalem "within Jerusalem" - diff --git a/neh/04/23.md b/neh/04/23.md index afbe9500e6..d717b12858 100644 --- a/neh/04/23.md +++ b/neh/04/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # changed our clothes "took off our clothes" - diff --git a/neh/04/intro.md b/neh/04/intro.md index 818d58322a..ded7cc85ed 100644 --- a/neh/04/intro.md +++ b/neh/04/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ # Nehemiah 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Dedication -#### Dedication The people were so dedicated to rebuilding the walls that they worked with their weapons ready for battle right next to them. Even when they were threatened with an attack, they continued to trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical Questions +### Rhetorical Questions Sanballat uses a series of rhetorical questions. These are intended to show his intense anger against the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Sanballat uses a series of rhetorical questions. These are intended to show his * __[Nehemiah 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/05/01.md b/neh/05/01.md index 9bf3e4c1f3..7097c0b026 100644 --- a/neh/05/01.md +++ b/neh/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "people" refers to the men who were working on building the wall. # raised a great outcry The word "outcry" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "cried out loudly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/neh/05/02.md b/neh/05/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/05/02.md +++ b/neh/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/05/03.md b/neh/05/03.md index 4bcea68bf0..7389820a97 100644 --- a/neh/05/03.md +++ b/neh/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We are mortgaging our fields "We are having to pledge" or "We are having to give in pledge" - diff --git a/neh/05/04.md b/neh/05/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/05/04.md +++ b/neh/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/05/05.md b/neh/05/05.md index b7ba7e814d..27aba1683f 100644 --- a/neh/05/05.md +++ b/neh/05/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Since the mens' fields and vineyards are not in their possession, they are unabl # it is not in our power This is an idiom which means that they do not have the resources to do something. Alternate translation: "we are unable" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/neh/05/06.md b/neh/05/06.md index 10f6f5c596..2147de5c83 100644 --- a/neh/05/06.md +++ b/neh/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when I heard their outcry The word "outcry" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "when I heard them cry out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/neh/05/07.md b/neh/05/07.md index e954732818..9e1dd1ae27 100644 --- a/neh/05/07.md +++ b/neh/05/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Every Jew would have known that it is wrong under the Law to charge interest to # I held a great assembly against them This means that he brought together a large group of people and brought these charges against them. The meaning of statement this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "I held a great assembly and brought these charges against them" or "I held them on trial in front of the assembly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/05/08.md b/neh/05/08.md index 30336c7c64..78f3cc31b1 100644 --- a/neh/05/08.md +++ b/neh/05/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that they are selling their family members, both men and women, as sl # who had been sold to the nations This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who people had sold as slaves to the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/05/09.md b/neh/05/09.md index 4a48f99488..93c2baca1c 100644 --- a/neh/05/09.md +++ b/neh/05/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is and idiom. Here "walk" refers to a person's behavior and the way he live # the taunts of the nations that are our enemies The word "taunt" means "slander" or "mockery" and it can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "the nations who are our enemies from taunting us" or "the enemy nations from mocking us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/neh/05/10.md b/neh/05/10.md index 3d9505528a..8ed8b5f719 100644 --- a/neh/05/10.md +++ b/neh/05/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ borrowing or giving something to someone expecting repayment # loans This is any money, food, or property that one person could let another person borrow in order to repay debts. The borrower would then be indebted to the lender. - diff --git a/neh/05/11.md b/neh/05/11.md index 9ac39213a5..06b57b170f 100644 --- a/neh/05/11.md +++ b/neh/05/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A part of the value of the loan that the borrower was charged in interest. # you exacted from them "you charged them" or "you made them pay" - diff --git a/neh/05/12.md b/neh/05/12.md index 42227f1bea..cc9182d528 100644 --- a/neh/05/12.md +++ b/neh/05/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to the Jewish leaders. # Then I called "I" refers to Nehemiah. - diff --git a/neh/05/13.md b/neh/05/13.md index 806b50b83b..3a099886a7 100644 --- a/neh/05/13.md +++ b/neh/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # So may God shake out of his house ... So may he be shaken out and emptied Here Nehemiah speaks of God taking away all of a man's possessions as if God were shaking him out of his home and possessions like Nehemiah shook out his robe. Alternate translation: "So may God take away from every man who does not keep his promise all of his possessions and his home like I have taken everything out of the fold of my robe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/neh/05/14.md b/neh/05/14.md index bab7a43aa3..bf3d83d5fc 100644 --- a/neh/05/14.md +++ b/neh/05/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Nehemiah. # the food provided for the governor This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "ate the food that the people provided for the governor" - diff --git a/neh/05/15.md b/neh/05/15.md index 8f8a67880d..7e86167c6c 100644 --- a/neh/05/15.md +++ b/neh/05/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # But I did not do so because of the fear of God "But because my fear of God I did not take the food" or "But I did not take the food because I feared God" - diff --git a/neh/05/16.md b/neh/05/16.md index 54fae39f8a..6c3be35852 100644 --- a/neh/05/16.md +++ b/neh/05/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I gathered all of my # for the work "to work on the wall" - diff --git a/neh/05/17.md b/neh/05/17.md index 5e0f4bf646..ed13255e9e 100644 --- a/neh/05/17.md +++ b/neh/05/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the governor's table. It was a communal table for the community a # officials government leaders - diff --git a/neh/05/18.md b/neh/05/18.md index 16f2b886ea..c041b7dfe6 100644 --- a/neh/05/18.md +++ b/neh/05/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Each day I told my se # the labor was heavy on this people Possible meanings are 1) the work that the people were doing was too hard or 2) the word "labor" is a metonym for the demand that the officials were making of the people. Alternate translation: "the officials were forcing the people to do too much work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/05/19.md b/neh/05/19.md index 41aef2731e..2e37bd6a77 100644 --- a/neh/05/19.md +++ b/neh/05/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. It is a request for God to think about him and remember him. A # for good This idiom is a request for God to reward him with good things because of the good that he has done for the people. Alternate translation: "and reward me" or "cause good to happen to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/neh/05/intro.md b/neh/05/intro.md index 33437db799..f3ab4b9112 100644 --- a/neh/05/intro.md +++ b/neh/05/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Nehemiah 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Equality +### Equality -The rich made money from the poor. The rich oppressed the poor by charging interest on loans. Because Nehemiah wanted to treat everyone fairly, he did not collect any taxes from them. This chapter also emphasizes that it was wrong to enslave a fellow Jew. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]]) +The rich made money from the poor. The rich oppressed the poor by charging interest on loans. Because Nehemiah wanted to treat everyone fairly, he did not collect any taxes from them. This chapter also emphasizes that it was wrong to enslave a fellow Jew. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]]) + +### Governor -#### Governor Nehemiah was a governmental leader in Jerusalem, but he was not a king. Jerusalem had a great deal of independence, but it was under the authority of the Persian king. The term "governor" reflects this idea, but a different term may be used in translation. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Nehemiah was a governmental leader in Jerusalem, but he was not a king. Jerusale * __[Nehemiah 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/06/01.md b/neh/06/01.md index 25c7911c41..7fefd90872 100644 --- a/neh/06/01.md +++ b/neh/06/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Nehemiah supervised the rebuilding of the wall and did not build it by himself. # any sections This refers to sections of the wall. Alternate translation: "any sections of the wall" or "any gaps in the city wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/02.md b/neh/06/02.md index 92e88a4cf6..18213d6985 100644 --- a/neh/06/02.md +++ b/neh/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that they sent a messenger with a message. Alternate translation: "se # Ono This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/03.md b/neh/06/03.md index 268f25bef8..243d247315 100644 --- a/neh/06/03.md +++ b/neh/06/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to challenge Sanballat's request. This can be w # down to you The word "down" is used here because the plain of Ono where they were requesting Nehemiah to come is at a lower elevation than Jerusalem. - diff --git a/neh/06/04.md b/neh/06/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/06/04.md +++ b/neh/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/06/05.md b/neh/06/05.md index f6b247f81b..e682dc1149 100644 --- a/neh/06/05.md +++ b/neh/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The letter was an unsealed diplomatic communication. This was an insult to the r # in his hand This means he had the letter in his possession, but he did not necessarily carry it in his hand at all times. Alternate translation: "in his possession" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/06.md b/neh/06/06.md index 1fc2ed61c7..6d2edcd68a 100644 --- a/neh/06/06.md +++ b/neh/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The rumor in the regi # are planning to rebel This means that they are planning to rebel against Artaxerxes, the Persian king, who was currently ruling the Jews. Alternate translation: "are planning to rebel against Artaxerxes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/07.md b/neh/06/07.md index bb74d1faa7..4bc08bd000 100644 --- a/neh/06/07.md +++ b/neh/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Therefore come "Therefore come meet with us" - diff --git a/neh/06/08.md b/neh/06/08.md index 76d739a65d..475177087a 100644 --- a/neh/06/08.md +++ b/neh/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "I" refers to Nehemiah and "him" to Sanballat. # for within your heart you invented them Here the "heart" refers to the "mind," that is, to one's desires and thoughts. Alternate translation: "for within your mind you invented them" or "for you have made this up in your own imagination" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/09.md b/neh/06/09.md index b8c0d03839..22cd6e706b 100644 --- a/neh/06/09.md +++ b/neh/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a descriptive phrase that means that they are stopping their work on the # strengthen my hands Here Nehemiah requests for God to strengthen him by asking him to strengthen his "hands." Alternate translation: "strengthen me" or "give me courage" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/10.md b/neh/06/10.md index 090ddea664..daa8e2cc77 100644 --- a/neh/06/10.md +++ b/neh/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # who was confined in his home The writer does not give the reason for him being confined, so it is best to say that he was staying at home using the most general words possible. Alternate translation: "who could not leave his house" or "whom the authorities had ordered to stay in his house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/11.md b/neh/06/11.md index 09344c0f08..dc7c59daef 100644 --- a/neh/06/11.md +++ b/neh/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Would a man like me run away? Would a man like me go into the temple just so he could save his own life? Nehemiah uses these rhetorical questions to emphasize that he will not do what Shemaiah has suggested. These questions may be written as statements. Alternate translation: "A man like me would not run away. A man like me would not go into the temple just to hide to stay alive." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/12.md b/neh/06/12.md index e07607c1d2..cf2652980c 100644 --- a/neh/06/12.md +++ b/neh/06/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but that he had prophesied against me "but that he had prophesied in order to oppose me" - diff --git a/neh/06/13.md b/neh/06/13.md index d6aa877498..d7f57ccbb2 100644 --- a/neh/06/13.md +++ b/neh/06/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Using the temple as a place to hide was sinful. It may be helpful to make this e # a bad name This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "so that they could give me a bad reputation" or "so that they could give a bad report about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/14.md b/neh/06/14.md index 542a7840de..6d6ec4f359 100644 --- a/neh/06/14.md +++ b/neh/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Remember" # Noadiah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/15.md b/neh/06/15.md index ed5d7cc026..fca0533521 100644 --- a/neh/06/15.md +++ b/neh/06/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We finished the wall" # fifty-two days "52 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/16.md b/neh/06/16.md index 233316781e..bb9943c9f6 100644 --- a/neh/06/16.md +++ b/neh/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the work was done with the help of our God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it was our God who helped us complete this work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/17.md b/neh/06/17.md index 3bd862b765..9a22cec8c7 100644 --- a/neh/06/17.md +++ b/neh/06/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Tobiah's letters are personified as coming by themselves, when they were ac # Tobiah See how you translated this man's name in [Nehemiah 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/18.md b/neh/06/18.md index 72c77c85e9..561e5194a7 100644 --- a/neh/06/18.md +++ b/neh/06/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Meshullam ... Berekiah These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:4](../03/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/19.md b/neh/06/19.md index 608c87a8b3..3a73f0aa66 100644 --- a/neh/06/19.md +++ b/neh/06/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Letters were sent to me from Tobiah This can be stated in active form. Tobiah sent messengers to bring the letters to Nehemiah. Alternate translation: "Tobiah sent letters to me" or "Tobiah sent messengers to bring letters to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/06/intro.md b/neh/06/intro.md index 8f19be63fa..3030603397 100644 --- a/neh/06/intro.md +++ b/neh/06/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,19 @@ # Nehemiah 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The building of the wall is completed in this chapter. +The building of the wall is completed in this chapter. The ULB sets the lines in 6:6-7 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are part of a long quotation. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Miracle +### Miracle -Completing this city wall in only fifty-two days was considered proof that God had helped the Jews, especially given the opposition that they had experienced from the people in surrounding areas. +Completing this city wall in only fifty-two days was considered proof that God had helped the Jews, especially given the opposition that they had experienced from the people in surrounding areas. ## Links: * __[Nehemiah 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/07/01.md b/neh/07/01.md index 0eb35f99bf..91dd27557e 100644 --- a/neh/07/01.md +++ b/neh/07/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ people assigned to each gate, responsible to control access to the city or templ # singers vocal musicians who led in worship, in processions, and ceremonies, producing music and chants that emphasized and enhanced the occasion - diff --git a/neh/07/02.md b/neh/07/02.md index 6a1be10b6f..36cf459f40 100644 --- a/neh/07/02.md +++ b/neh/07/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # feared God more than many "feared God more than many other people" - diff --git a/neh/07/03.md b/neh/07/03.md index c8040e420d..6f4598e6a6 100644 --- a/neh/07/03.md +++ b/neh/07/03.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md) # guard station "guard post" or "guard duty place" - diff --git a/neh/07/04.md b/neh/07/04.md index d632f4e885..4c30d3360d 100644 --- a/neh/07/04.md +++ b/neh/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no houses had yet been rebuilt This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people had not yet rebuilt the houses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/05.md b/neh/07/05.md index 8bf6cb8112..4c5c9e5809 100644 --- a/neh/07/05.md +++ b/neh/07/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a book that no longer exists. # found the following written in it This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "found that someone had written the following in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/06.md b/neh/07/06.md index aee77e0d8d..9022a71247 100644 --- a/neh/07/06.md +++ b/neh/07/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to traveling toward Jerusalem, which was on higher # whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon took into exile "whom Nebuchadnezzar, ruler of Babylon, took away from their home country." The army of Babylon did this under the command of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/07.md b/neh/07/07.md index b3b8056121..59d4accaa9 100644 --- a/neh/07/07.md +++ b/neh/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # The number of the men A census had been taken when the Israelites first returned to Jerusalem after the exile. The numbers represent how many men belonged to each family group. This sentence introduces the information in the following verses. - diff --git a/neh/07/08.md b/neh/07/08.md index 7de4a67a0b..ad6657b46b 100644 --- a/neh/07/08.md +++ b/neh/07/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nehemiah is recounting the number of people who returned from exile. The people # Parosh These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/09.md b/neh/07/09.md index 626b0e3ab5..5d38a35a69 100644 --- a/neh/07/09.md +++ b/neh/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shephatiah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/10.md b/neh/07/10.md index 690281a3ea..9057ca6574 100644 --- a/neh/07/10.md +++ b/neh/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Arah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/11.md b/neh/07/11.md index 2c0986d36f..fa02f2cab0 100644 --- a/neh/07/11.md +++ b/neh/07/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # through the descendants of Jeshua and Joab "that is, the descendants of Jeshua and Joab" - diff --git a/neh/07/12.md b/neh/07/12.md index fe7455b3cd..ed78cdeaab 100644 --- a/neh/07/12.md +++ b/neh/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elam This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/13.md b/neh/07/13.md index a17dcc683e..02a5f3f974 100644 --- a/neh/07/13.md +++ b/neh/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zattu This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/14.md b/neh/07/14.md index b0451adedc..e6b9112a0a 100644 --- a/neh/07/14.md +++ b/neh/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zakkai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/15.md b/neh/07/15.md index 4bc446409f..f7a25e5a2c 100644 --- a/neh/07/15.md +++ b/neh/07/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. # Binnui This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/16.md b/neh/07/16.md index aa2a4cc3d1..20f325765b 100644 --- a/neh/07/16.md +++ b/neh/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bebai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/17.md b/neh/07/17.md index 0277555a4d..b744cf97c9 100644 --- a/neh/07/17.md +++ b/neh/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Azgad These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/18.md b/neh/07/18.md index 483a9f93ff..8c34c60c88 100644 --- a/neh/07/18.md +++ b/neh/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Adonikam This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/19.md b/neh/07/19.md index e3cd88788d..b3b4745592 100644 --- a/neh/07/19.md +++ b/neh/07/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. # Bigvai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/20.md b/neh/07/20.md index ff3f65f5e1..7ae9eda025 100644 --- a/neh/07/20.md +++ b/neh/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Adin This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/21.md b/neh/07/21.md index f748001ec2..94637b52ab 100644 --- a/neh/07/21.md +++ b/neh/07/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # The descendants of Ater, of Hezekiah The writer has shortened this sentence. Alternate translation: "the descendants of Ater, who is a descendant of Hezekiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/22.md b/neh/07/22.md index 0668c1dcdc..3c6a617530 100644 --- a/neh/07/22.md +++ b/neh/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hashum This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/23.md b/neh/07/23.md index 389cd01f1b..0a9968f9f1 100644 --- a/neh/07/23.md +++ b/neh/07/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. # Bezai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/24.md b/neh/07/24.md index a81d8d967c..8eed1381b7 100644 --- a/neh/07/24.md +++ b/neh/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hariph This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/25.md b/neh/07/25.md index 034f5f6e1a..cced989016 100644 --- a/neh/07/25.md +++ b/neh/07/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gibeon This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/26.md b/neh/07/26.md index f3ce737abb..46cbcf0966 100644 --- a/neh/07/26.md +++ b/neh/07/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bethlehem and Netophah These are the names of places in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/27.md b/neh/07/27.md index d3a0794f46..c3330369de 100644 --- a/neh/07/27.md +++ b/neh/07/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. # Anathoth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/28.md b/neh/07/28.md index 101fcff27a..41bdf366d0 100644 --- a/neh/07/28.md +++ b/neh/07/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Azmaveth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/29.md b/neh/07/29.md index 296e6a8be5..5b133cace1 100644 --- a/neh/07/29.md +++ b/neh/07/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kiriath Jearim, Kephirah, and Beeroth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/30.md b/neh/07/30.md index 8bab80abe2..1a427bd7bc 100644 --- a/neh/07/30.md +++ b/neh/07/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ramah and Geba These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/31.md b/neh/07/31.md index 9c14a94427..babfe523de 100644 --- a/neh/07/31.md +++ b/neh/07/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. # Mikmash This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/32.md b/neh/07/32.md index ed252c0657..47a8409350 100644 --- a/neh/07/32.md +++ b/neh/07/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bethel and Ai These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/33.md b/neh/07/33.md index 358f753842..1436f41f11 100644 --- a/neh/07/33.md +++ b/neh/07/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nebo This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/34.md b/neh/07/34.md index d155412335..7e2badca70 100644 --- a/neh/07/34.md +++ b/neh/07/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elam This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/35.md b/neh/07/35.md index d0da176dd7..7aaf95906c 100644 --- a/neh/07/35.md +++ b/neh/07/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. # Harim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/36.md b/neh/07/36.md index 99b4734738..07928606a2 100644 --- a/neh/07/36.md +++ b/neh/07/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jericho This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/37.md b/neh/07/37.md index e24bbc30be..0bac05a96f 100644 --- a/neh/07/37.md +++ b/neh/07/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lod, Hadid, and Ono This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/38.md b/neh/07/38.md index d0a66c9d77..b596ebf67f 100644 --- a/neh/07/38.md +++ b/neh/07/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Senaah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/39.md b/neh/07/39.md index a591ef48f6..b2bfc7d5e8 100644 --- a/neh/07/39.md +++ b/neh/07/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # of the house of Jeshua The word "house" is a metonym for family. Alternate translation: "from the family of Jeshua" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/40.md b/neh/07/40.md index 351bbb9d95..eccf31dbbb 100644 --- a/neh/07/40.md +++ b/neh/07/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Immer This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/41.md b/neh/07/41.md index e263422a6f..430fc11674 100644 --- a/neh/07/41.md +++ b/neh/07/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pashhur This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/42.md b/neh/07/42.md index f078dbc825..bd60f71f91 100644 --- a/neh/07/42.md +++ b/neh/07/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Harim This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/43.md b/neh/07/43.md index e39d81a020..098833e7df 100644 --- a/neh/07/43.md +++ b/neh/07/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. # Jeshua ... Kadmiel ... Hodaviah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/44.md b/neh/07/44.md index 3272dac010..0aa268af02 100644 --- a/neh/07/44.md +++ b/neh/07/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # singers See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md). - diff --git a/neh/07/45.md b/neh/07/45.md index 8fa3339fef..e2561bf3b2 100644 --- a/neh/07/45.md +++ b/neh/07/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # gatekeepers See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md). - diff --git a/neh/07/46.md b/neh/07/46.md index 3c4158b9ee..edd66e4f14 100644 --- a/neh/07/46.md +++ b/neh/07/46.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the names of people whose descendants returned from the ex # Ziha ... Hasupha ... Tabbaoth These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/47.md b/neh/07/47.md index 621721c17b..780a9042e7 100644 --- a/neh/07/47.md +++ b/neh/07/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Sia This is the same man known by the name Siaha in Ezra 2:44. - diff --git a/neh/07/48.md b/neh/07/48.md index 9798281ed4..9cb100a24b 100644 --- a/neh/07/48.md +++ b/neh/07/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lebana, ... Hagaba ... Shalmai These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/49.md b/neh/07/49.md index b1f31b2871..99e259b991 100644 --- a/neh/07/49.md +++ b/neh/07/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hanan ... Giddel ... Gahar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/50.md b/neh/07/50.md index 880ed72c69..04c43fbc3e 100644 --- a/neh/07/50.md +++ b/neh/07/50.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the names of people whose descendants returned from the ex # Reaiah ... Rezin ... Nekoda These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/51.md b/neh/07/51.md index 2919005be9..903fa7cb94 100644 --- a/neh/07/51.md +++ b/neh/07/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gazzam ... Uzza ... Paseah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/52.md b/neh/07/52.md index be43e0cd14..b06c19ed5e 100644 --- a/neh/07/52.md +++ b/neh/07/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Besai ... Meunim ... Nephusim These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/53.md b/neh/07/53.md index 7f82eab019..6933c56983 100644 --- a/neh/07/53.md +++ b/neh/07/53.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the names of people whose descendants returned from the ex # Bakbuk ... Hakupha ... Harhur These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/54.md b/neh/07/54.md index c15ac6c1f4..d8b4f4e4ad 100644 --- a/neh/07/54.md +++ b/neh/07/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bazluth ... Mehida ... Harsha These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/55.md b/neh/07/55.md index c59576acff..5c344fe27a 100644 --- a/neh/07/55.md +++ b/neh/07/55.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Barkos ... Sisera ... Temah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/56.md b/neh/07/56.md index 89f8c6bafc..18e758655b 100644 --- a/neh/07/56.md +++ b/neh/07/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Neziah ... Hatipha These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/57.md b/neh/07/57.md index 7b67d80b6f..38b1583931 100644 --- a/neh/07/57.md +++ b/neh/07/57.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a man who is called Hassophereth in Ezra 2:55. # Perida This is the name of a man who is also called Peruda in Ezra 2:55. - diff --git a/neh/07/58.md b/neh/07/58.md index 0b31a37d78..a0d327bb51 100644 --- a/neh/07/58.md +++ b/neh/07/58.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jaala ... Darkon ... Giddel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/59.md b/neh/07/59.md index 3290c12467..59f1080b35 100644 --- a/neh/07/59.md +++ b/neh/07/59.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shephatiah ... Hattil ... Pokereth-Hazzebaim ... Amon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/60.md b/neh/07/60.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/07/60.md +++ b/neh/07/60.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/07/61.md b/neh/07/61.md index f34478bde9..3f8922ce9c 100644 --- a/neh/07/61.md +++ b/neh/07/61.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that refers to traveling toward Jerusalem, which was on higher # Tel Melah ... Tel Harsha ... Kerub ... Addon ... Immer These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/62.md b/neh/07/62.md index 7f90d3f5e3..5982d5b01a 100644 --- a/neh/07/62.md +++ b/neh/07/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Delaiah ... Tobiah ... Nekoda These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/63.md b/neh/07/63.md index 9f60234389..815ffe6962 100644 --- a/neh/07/63.md +++ b/neh/07/63.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Habaiah ... Hakkoz ... Barzillai These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/64.md b/neh/07/64.md index b1e9f7ce0c..9089ef3a88 100644 --- a/neh/07/64.md +++ b/neh/07/64.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "but they could not # they were excluded from the priesthood as unclean This can be translated in active form. The abstract noun "priesthood" can be translated as the verb "work as priests." Alternate translation: "the governor treated them as if they were unclean and did not allow them to work as priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/65.md b/neh/07/65.md index abec21703d..aaaaf93734 100644 --- a/neh/07/65.md +++ b/neh/07/65.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until a priest with U # Urim and Thummim These were sacred stones that the high priest carried on his breastplate and used at times to determine God's will. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/66.md b/neh/07/66.md index 597bbc0420..1c1593db41 100644 --- a/neh/07/66.md +++ b/neh/07/66.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. # was 42,360 "was 42,360 people" - diff --git a/neh/07/67.md b/neh/07/67.md index b147269113..ddf701a673 100644 --- a/neh/07/67.md +++ b/neh/07/67.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # singing men and women "male singers and female singers" - diff --git a/neh/07/68.md b/neh/07/68.md index fb70fcc510..d3228641dc 100644 --- a/neh/07/68.md +++ b/neh/07/68.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 736 ... 245 "seven hundred and thirty-six ... two hundred and forty-five." These are numbers of animals brought back. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/69.md b/neh/07/69.md index 7228fe741b..b11d67bf55 100644 --- a/neh/07/69.md +++ b/neh/07/69.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 435 ... 6,720 "four hundred and thirty-five ... six thousand seven hundred and twenty." These are numbers of animals brought back. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/70.md b/neh/07/70.md index f9dce4074c..e90cd44377 100644 --- a/neh/07/70.md +++ b/neh/07/70.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A daric was a small gold coin that people in the Persian Empire used. (See: [[rc # 530 priestly garments "five hundred thirty priestly garments." These are items of clothing worn by the priests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/71.md b/neh/07/71.md index cb964cebe1..a4ea1277f1 100644 --- a/neh/07/71.md +++ b/neh/07/71.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 2,200 minas of silver "two thousand two hundred minas of silver." A mina is about one half of a kilogram in weight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/72.md b/neh/07/72.md index 189703d943..f112e0b255 100644 --- a/neh/07/72.md +++ b/neh/07/72.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # sixty-seven priestly garments "67 priestly garments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/07/73.md b/neh/07/73.md index 6f2f8cec25..a750fb04a6 100644 --- a/neh/07/73.md +++ b/neh/07/73.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are: 1) all the groups of Israelites that are listed in this v # were settled in their cities "lived in their own cities" - diff --git a/neh/07/intro.md b/neh/07/intro.md index 78786e594e..da0cba0288 100644 --- a/neh/07/intro.md +++ b/neh/07/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Nehemiah 07 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Genealogy +### Genealogy The people who returned from Persia were counted according to their families. Nehemiah ensured that those who lived in Jerusalem had a completely Jewish ancestry. -#### Different lists +### Different lists + This list is paralleled in [Ezra 2](../../ezr/02/01.md). The lists do contain some differences in numbers. This is probably due to the timing of their counting. They were likely counted at different times. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This list is paralleled in [Ezra 2](../../ezr/02/01.md). The lists do contain so * __[Nehemiah 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/08/01.md b/neh/08/01.md index 1191b58e23..13457ee060 100644 --- a/neh/08/01.md +++ b/neh/08/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the name of a large opening or doorway in the wall. # the book of the law of Moses This would have been all or part of the first five books of the Old Testament. - diff --git a/neh/08/02.md b/neh/08/02.md index cee9b4703a..3ba317ae89 100644 --- a/neh/08/02.md +++ b/neh/08/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day of the seventh m # all who could hear and understand This would include children who were old enough to understand what was being read. - diff --git a/neh/08/03.md b/neh/08/03.md index 515aee430b..7312526b3f 100644 --- a/neh/08/03.md +++ b/neh/08/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he read from it Here "it" refers to the Book of the law of Moses. - diff --git a/neh/08/04.md b/neh/08/04.md index 2c3d48d656..0d328ca7eb 100644 --- a/neh/08/04.md +++ b/neh/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mattithiah, Shema, Anaiah, Uriah, Hilkiah, and Maaseiah ... Pedaiah, Mishael, Malkijah, Hashum, Hashbaddanah, Zechariah, and Meshullam These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/05.md b/neh/08/05.md index ba20c5a5af..6bdd7d1f43 100644 --- a/neh/08/05.md +++ b/neh/08/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "sight" can be expressed with the verb "see." Alternate transl # when he opened it all the people stood up The people stood up out of respect for God's word. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/06.md b/neh/08/06.md index c291de689f..ee58a8158e 100644 --- a/neh/08/06.md +++ b/neh/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ezra blessed Yahweh Ezra thanked Yahweh or Ezra praised Yahweh or Ezra said that he desired that Yahweh be pleased with Ezra and Ezra's people. - diff --git a/neh/08/07.md b/neh/08/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/08/07.md +++ b/neh/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/08/08.md b/neh/08/08.md index babbd6f7e7..a495cd69e3 100644 --- a/neh/08/08.md +++ b/neh/08/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract nouns "interpretation" and "meaning" can be translated as verbs. Al # the reading "what was read" - diff --git a/neh/08/09.md b/neh/08/09.md index 42c449f535..30058d7da3 100644 --- a/neh/08/09.md +++ b/neh/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For all the people wept This is a generalization that indicates there was great weeping among the people. Alternate translation: "For the people wept greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/10.md b/neh/08/10.md index ed9dd49d7f..d4ed38aa9b 100644 --- a/neh/08/10.md +++ b/neh/08/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not grieve" (See: # for the joy of Yahweh is your strength The abstract nouns "joy" and "strength" can be expressed as verbs or adjectives. Alternate translation: "rejoicing in Yahweh will protect you" or "being joyful in Yahweh will be your strong refuge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/11.md b/neh/08/11.md index f7b5399581..2cae8fed26 100644 --- a/neh/08/11.md +++ b/neh/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do not be grieved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not grieve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/12.md b/neh/08/12.md index e9d47a193f..a277846318 100644 --- a/neh/08/12.md +++ b/neh/08/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "joy" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "rejo # the words that were made known to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the words that he declared to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/13.md b/neh/08/13.md index bbba9a08e7..07431b0b3f 100644 --- a/neh/08/13.md +++ b/neh/08/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to gain insight from The abstract noun "insight" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/14.md b/neh/08/14.md index 7ffec212e0..81e079e48c 100644 --- a/neh/08/14.md +++ b/neh/08/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These were temporary shelters that people made out of branches and leaves. # the seventh month "month 7." This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/15.md b/neh/08/15.md index 6b0393ca85..598ed4a6be 100644 --- a/neh/08/15.md +++ b/neh/08/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a kind of small tree with colorful flowers (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate- # as it is written This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Moses wrote about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/16.md b/neh/08/16.md index 536987ab35..46ab0a73d3 100644 --- a/neh/08/16.md +++ b/neh/08/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of large openings or doorways in the wall. # in the square at the Gate of Ephraim "in the open place by the Gate of Ephraim" - diff --git a/neh/08/17.md b/neh/08/17.md index deb4d6bafb..65c1dfc8db 100644 --- a/neh/08/17.md +++ b/neh/08/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # their joy was very great The abstract noun "joy" can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: "the people were very joyful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/18.md b/neh/08/18.md index 479c28b158..50452f2abd 100644 --- a/neh/08/18.md +++ b/neh/08/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This was a special religious gathering. # in obedience to the decree The implied information is that "the decree" was the command of Yahweh about how the Festival of Shelters was to end. Alternate translation: "as God had commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/08/intro.md b/neh/08/intro.md index 959ddb5c2d..8c27598e6b 100644 --- a/neh/08/intro.md +++ b/neh/08/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # Nehemiah 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Reading of the law +### Reading of the law During the exile, the Hebrew language was no longer spoken. Only the priests and Levites still understood it. Ezra read the book of the law to the people in Hebrew and the Levites walked among the crowd translating it into Aramaic for the people to understand. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Festival of Shelters +### Festival of Shelters -After they heard Ezra read the law of Moses, the people obeyed it by making temporary shelters for themselves with tree branches. They did this to remember that their ancestors slept in shelters when they came out of slavery in Egypt. +After they heard Ezra read the law of Moses, the people obeyed it by making temporary shelters for themselves with tree branches. They did this to remember that their ancestors slept in shelters when they came out of slavery in Egypt. ## Links: * __[Nehemiah 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/09/01.md b/neh/09/01.md index 21af902d5d..d7e683f094 100644 --- a/neh/09/01.md +++ b/neh/09/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # they were wearing sackcloth, and they put dust on their heads This was in order to show how sorry they were for the wrong things they and their ancestors had done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/02.md b/neh/09/02.md index 6c872862d5..6efc754eae 100644 --- a/neh/09/02.md +++ b/neh/09/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # They stood and confessed their own sins and the iniquities of their ancestors "They stood and admitted the wrong things that they had done and the wicked things their forefathers had done" - diff --git a/neh/09/03.md b/neh/09/03.md index bee8914316..d76c7aab76 100644 --- a/neh/09/03.md +++ b/neh/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All the Israelites stood up # bowing down before "worshiping" or "praising" - diff --git a/neh/09/04.md b/neh/09/04.md index f246eae9be..35990c2667 100644 --- a/neh/09/04.md +++ b/neh/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some versions translate, "Jeshua, Bani ... stood on the stairs built for the Lev # Jeshua, Bani, Kadmiel, Shebaniah, Bunni, Sherebiah, Bani, and Kenani men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/05.md b/neh/09/05.md index 7d6b966c78..37d739324c 100644 --- a/neh/09/05.md +++ b/neh/09/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # May they bless your glorious name the Levites are speaking to Yahweh. "May the people of Judah bless your glorious name, Yahweh" - diff --git a/neh/09/06.md b/neh/09/06.md index faa013eab3..2431a967b2 100644 --- a/neh/09/06.md +++ b/neh/09/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with all their host ... the host of heaven worship you A host is an army. Possible meanings are 1) "host" refers to the army of living beings that God created in the heavens. Alternate translation: "with all their angel armies ... the angel armies of heaven worship you" or 2) "host" is a metaphor that refers to the multitude of lights in the sky. Alternate translation: "with all the stars ... the multitude of stars in the sky worship you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/07.md b/neh/09/07.md index 00fe3504d4..2542eaf40b 100644 --- a/neh/09/07.md +++ b/neh/09/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Levites continue their prayer before all the people. # Ur of the Chaldeans "Ur, where the Chaldean people group lived" - diff --git a/neh/09/08.md b/neh/09/08.md index 205b76f07f..3665dbb53f 100644 --- a/neh/09/08.md +++ b/neh/09/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The heart, the inner being of the person, represents the person. Alternate trans # Canaanites ... Hittites ... Amorites ... Perizzites ... Jebusites ... Girgashites people group names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/09.md b/neh/09/09.md index 036305df66..ed17aa42a6 100644 --- a/neh/09/09.md +++ b/neh/09/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh saw # you heard their cry The implied information is that God was moved to action because of the Israelites' cries for help. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/10.md b/neh/09/10.md index 611a59ac8a..ac1fc57def 100644 --- a/neh/09/10.md +++ b/neh/09/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The plagues tested Pharaoh's heart, and they became a witness against his hardne # you made a name for yourself which stands to this day Here "name" represents a reputation. Alternate translation: "you made yourself famous and even now people still remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/11.md b/neh/09/11.md index 13eae26764..4f826bfb3f 100644 --- a/neh/09/11.md +++ b/neh/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God divided # you ... threw those who pursued them into the depths, as a stone into deep waters In this simile, the writer describes God throwing the Egyptians into the sea as easily as a person would throw a stone into water, and the stone would disappear under the water completely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/12.md b/neh/09/12.md index 26f61ce305..86e71edb3f 100644 --- a/neh/09/12.md +++ b/neh/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses, the Levites continue to praise Yahweh in the presence of the pe # You led them Yahweh led the Israelites. - diff --git a/neh/09/13.md b/neh/09/13.md index 2cddc90d0e..45052a6404 100644 --- a/neh/09/13.md +++ b/neh/09/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When God talks with his people, he is often described as "coming down" or "comin # righteous decrees and true laws, good statutes and commandments Both of these double phrases describe the same thing, the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/14.md b/neh/09/14.md index f89f03182a..1090f9a72e 100644 --- a/neh/09/14.md +++ b/neh/09/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses, the Levites continue to praise Yahweh in the presence of the pe # commandments ... statutes ... law Each of these three words refers to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/15.md b/neh/09/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/09/15.md +++ b/neh/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/09/16.md b/neh/09/16.md index 4f063061fd..52d92b596b 100644 --- a/neh/09/16.md +++ b/neh/09/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the Israelites at the time of Moses and the people of Israel after the time of M # they stiffened their necks This is an metaphor that means that they were stubborn. Alternate translation: "they were very stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/17.md b/neh/09/17.md index ce2441a90a..1670e53054 100644 --- a/neh/09/17.md +++ b/neh/09/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The desire to forgive is spoken of as if it were a liquid that could fill a cont # abounding in steadfast love Love is spoken of as if it were a food crop that Yahweh could share with people. Alternate translation: "always loves his people very much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/18.md b/neh/09/18.md index 538f3b0a2c..9d0d865f76 100644 --- a/neh/09/18.md +++ b/neh/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses, the Levites continue to praise Yahweh in the presence of the pe # cast a calf out of molten metal melted metal and molded it in the shape of a calf - diff --git a/neh/09/19.md b/neh/09/19.md index efe3943cde..d7aaf2529e 100644 --- a/neh/09/19.md +++ b/neh/09/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh did not abandon the Israelites. # The pillar of cloud ... the pillar of fire See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 9:12](../09/12.md). - diff --git a/neh/09/20.md b/neh/09/20.md index 7e6516f7f5..026d3efef0 100644 --- a/neh/09/20.md +++ b/neh/09/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This litotes can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "you generously # from their mouths The mouth is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/21.md b/neh/09/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/09/21.md +++ b/neh/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/09/22.md b/neh/09/22.md index 4694897724..35a19bfc91 100644 --- a/neh/09/22.md +++ b/neh/09/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These are the names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Heshbon ... Bashan These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/23.md b/neh/09/23.md index e41aab2e84..0910f499ad 100644 --- a/neh/09/23.md +++ b/neh/09/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses, the Levites continue to praise Yahweh in the presence of the pe # You made their children Yahweh made the descendants of the Israelites at the time of Moses - diff --git a/neh/09/24.md b/neh/09/24.md index b6937a9ac9..b0e275d04e 100644 --- a/neh/09/24.md +++ b/neh/09/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gave them into their hands The Canaanites are spoken of as if they were small objects that a person could place in the hand of another person. To give something into a person's hand is to give that person complete control over that thing. Alternate translation: "enabled the Israelites to have complete control over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/25.md b/neh/09/25.md index 8a06437134..df57a4f864 100644 --- a/neh/09/25.md +++ b/neh/09/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ holes in the ground where people store water # grew fat This might be a metaphor for "stopped thinking about Yahweh" or "became complacent." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/26.md b/neh/09/26.md index 88bc045b61..d67970be5d 100644 --- a/neh/09/26.md +++ b/neh/09/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The law is spoken of as if it were a worthless item that a person could throw aw # They threw your law The Israelites threw Yahweh's law. - diff --git a/neh/09/27.md b/neh/09/27.md index 0e19283605..4e44e7ca2c 100644 --- a/neh/09/27.md +++ b/neh/09/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "you allowed the # you sent them rescuers who rescued them out of the hand of their enemies Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "you sent people to stop their enemies from harming them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/28.md b/neh/09/28.md index f35fc55a49..feb230f195 100644 --- a/neh/09/28.md +++ b/neh/09/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "they" refers to the Israelites and "you" to Yahweh. # you abandoned them to the hand of their enemies Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "you abandoned them and allow their enemies to defeat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/29.md b/neh/09/29.md index e258914dfa..71ea1ecc0c 100644 --- a/neh/09/29.md +++ b/neh/09/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh himself is spoken of as if he were the decrees themselves. Alternate tran # They gave the stubborn shoulder-blade and stiffened their neck These are images of an ox refusing to allow its owner to put a yoke on its shoulders. Here they are a metaphor that represents the people being stubborn. Alternate translation: "They became stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/30.md b/neh/09/30.md index 9d9825888e..84bb9abd78 100644 --- a/neh/09/30.md +++ b/neh/09/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh gave # peoples of the lands "the neighboring peoples" or "the peoples of the lands near them" - diff --git a/neh/09/31.md b/neh/09/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/09/31.md +++ b/neh/09/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/09/32.md b/neh/09/32.md index f1b7d9cc70..9d7aae3063 100644 --- a/neh/09/32.md +++ b/neh/09/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is possible to divide this into two sentences. "Do not let all this hardship # hardship ... has come on us The phrase "come on us" speaks of bad things that happen as if they are people who cause harm. Alternate translation: "harm ... we have suffered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/33.md b/neh/09/33.md index e0cf330893..aef709e17f 100644 --- a/neh/09/33.md +++ b/neh/09/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everything that has come on us The phrase "come on us" speaks of bad things that happen as if they are people who cause harm. Alternate translation: "everything we have suffered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/neh/09/34.md b/neh/09/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/09/34.md +++ b/neh/09/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/09/35.md b/neh/09/35.md index 472168cec8..8ab7c58a71 100644 --- a/neh/09/35.md +++ b/neh/09/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In these verses, the Levites continue to praise Yahweh in the presence of the pe # they did not serve you "they were not obedient to your law or teaching" - diff --git a/neh/09/36.md b/neh/09/36.md index 4a238cf717..641ae7e67e 100644 --- a/neh/09/36.md +++ b/neh/09/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses, the Levites continue to praise Yahweh in the presence of the pe # its good gifts "all the good things in it" or "all the good things we can get from it" - diff --git a/neh/09/37.md b/neh/09/37.md index 6f042c26ab..255e8e1f3a 100644 --- a/neh/09/37.md +++ b/neh/09/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They rule The kings rule. - diff --git a/neh/09/38.md b/neh/09/38.md index a4eb21af99..bfcc077f42 100644 --- a/neh/09/38.md +++ b/neh/09/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ because the people had disobeyed and Yahweh had punished them # On the sealed document are the names The reader should understand that the men wrote their names on the document before it was sealed. - diff --git a/neh/09/intro.md b/neh/09/intro.md index 9edff4c49f..c789c0da8f 100644 --- a/neh/09/intro.md +++ b/neh/09/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Nehemiah 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter and the next one form a single section. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Prayer to God +### Prayer to God The people prayed and thanked God for his care for them and the blessings he gave to them. They also confessed their sin of disobeying him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/confess]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Learning from their ancestor's mistakes +### Learning from their ancestor's mistakes + This chapter teaches that the Jews learned from the mistakes of their ancestors. They became determined to worship Yahweh alone, to not intermarry with other peoples, and to worship Yahweh as the law of Moses instructed them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -#### Recalling the great power of God +### Recalling the great power of God + It was common to recall the great things God did for Israel. This is a reminder to Israel of God's power. It is intended to bring the people to repentance and proper worship of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ It was common to recall the great things God did for Israel. This is a reminder * __[Nehemiah 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/10/01.md b/neh/10/01.md index ff62d8b78a..062f0af929 100644 --- a/neh/10/01.md +++ b/neh/10/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some people believe that Nehemiah wrote this book and is speaking of himself as # Hakaliah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/02.md b/neh/10/02.md index 6bd3844801..0e802be856 100644 --- a/neh/10/02.md +++ b/neh/10/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Azariah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:23](../03/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/03.md b/neh/10/03.md index be17251803..1c1f11c791 100644 --- a/neh/10/03.md +++ b/neh/10/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Malkijah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:11](../03/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/04.md b/neh/10/04.md index fb83bce94d..5e2983df30 100644 --- a/neh/10/04.md +++ b/neh/10/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Nehemiah 9:4](../09/04.md). (See: [[r # Malluk This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/05.md b/neh/10/05.md index 2d2c85b499..ccbdcc00e6 100644 --- a/neh/10/05.md +++ b/neh/10/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:4](../03/04.md) # Obadiah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/06.md b/neh/10/06.md index bf41e1ac05..b68e4f3dd0 100644 --- a/neh/10/06.md +++ b/neh/10/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Baruch This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:20](../03/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/07.md b/neh/10/07.md index eb0c0f43db..2e01902e87 100644 --- a/neh/10/07.md +++ b/neh/10/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated it in [Nehemiah 9:4](../09/04.md). # Abijah, Mijamin These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/08.md b/neh/10/08.md index dd4a0330ae..83369c126a 100644 --- a/neh/10/08.md +++ b/neh/10/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:29](../03/29.md # These were the priests This refers to the previous list of men who signed the document. Alternate translation: "These were the names of the priests who signed the document" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/09.md b/neh/10/09.md index 8fdc336090..372d665c95 100644 --- a/neh/10/09.md +++ b/neh/10/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated it in [Nehemiah 3:24](../03/24.md). # Kadmiel This is a man's name. See how you translated it in [Nehemiah 7:43](../07/43.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/10.md b/neh/10/10.md index 7d8502f5b9..5b266d483b 100644 --- a/neh/10/10.md +++ b/neh/10/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 8:7](../08/ # Hanan This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:49](../07/49.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/11.md b/neh/10/11.md index 3b626f5446..1bb8a06549 100644 --- a/neh/10/11.md +++ b/neh/10/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 10:11](../10/11.m # Hashabiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:17](../03/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/12.md b/neh/10/12.md index bcb51171a6..6fb7e211e5 100644 --- a/neh/10/12.md +++ b/neh/10/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 8:7](../08/07.md) # Shebaniah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/13.md b/neh/10/13.md index c456f9d536..369fabbe97 100644 --- a/neh/10/13.md +++ b/neh/10/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Bani This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:17](../03/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/14.md b/neh/10/14.md index 51b9da55f5..7e90cd0da0 100644 --- a/neh/10/14.md +++ b/neh/10/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:11](../03/11.md # Elam ... Zattu These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:12](../07/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/15.md b/neh/10/15.md index 66e3396007..a626296c29 100644 --- a/neh/10/15.md +++ b/neh/10/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 9:4](../09/04.md) # Azgad, Bebai These are the names of men. See how you translated them in [Nehemiah 7:16-17](../07/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/16.md b/neh/10/16.md index 0115d56bbb..08642cdd0a 100644 --- a/neh/10/16.md +++ b/neh/10/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Bigvai This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:7](../07/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/17.md b/neh/10/17.md index 7d5574ec5c..0bf3e126b1 100644 --- a/neh/10/17.md +++ b/neh/10/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ater, Hezekiah These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:20](../07/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/18.md b/neh/10/18.md index d9a3160d0d..8d39ba57db 100644 --- a/neh/10/18.md +++ b/neh/10/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:20](../07 # Bezai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/19.md b/neh/10/19.md index 11937d4dcb..9056c7cd12 100644 --- a/neh/10/19.md +++ b/neh/10/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:23](../07/23.md # Anathoth This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:27](../07/27.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/20.md b/neh/10/20.md index 79647569bb..0b704e2ed3 100644 --- a/neh/10/20.md +++ b/neh/10/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Meshullam These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:4](../03/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/21.md b/neh/10/21.md index 9ea57cea60..fb41b43901 100644 --- a/neh/10/21.md +++ b/neh/10/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Meshezabel, Zadok These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:4](../03/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/22.md b/neh/10/22.md index 65f1c93992..9e47786e39 100644 --- a/neh/10/22.md +++ b/neh/10/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 8:4](../08/04.md) # Anaiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:8](../03/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/23.md b/neh/10/23.md index 6d8e99731d..97b772ab34 100644 --- a/neh/10/23.md +++ b/neh/10/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the name of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hasshub This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:11](../03/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/24.md b/neh/10/24.md index d3467d88ba..094e4cd5e2 100644 --- a/neh/10/24.md +++ b/neh/10/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:11](../03 # Pilha ... Shobek These are the name of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/25.md b/neh/10/25.md index 349519c3fe..dcd187cc99 100644 --- a/neh/10/25.md +++ b/neh/10/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the name of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Maaseiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:23](../03/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/26.md b/neh/10/26.md index 612d92c078..74a13b1d0e 100644 --- a/neh/10/26.md +++ b/neh/10/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the name of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hanan This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/27.md b/neh/10/27.md index 1c8fc56174..95bc4de6d9 100644 --- a/neh/10/27.md +++ b/neh/10/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 10:4](../10 # Baanah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:6](../07/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/28.md b/neh/10/28.md index 03c797d533..603bf452b3 100644 --- a/neh/10/28.md +++ b/neh/10/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that these are those who sang in the temple. Alter # all who have knowledge and understanding This phrase can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "all who were old enough to understand what promising to obey God meant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/29.md b/neh/10/29.md index 18d684c89b..2cc98e4284 100644 --- a/neh/10/29.md +++ b/neh/10/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which Moses the serva # to observe "to follow" - diff --git a/neh/10/30.md b/neh/10/30.md index 452244d954..01fe82ee97 100644 --- a/neh/10/30.md +++ b/neh/10/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the people who live in their land who do not worship Yahweh. Alte # We promised ... we would not give ... or take The pronoun "we" here includes Nehemiah and the Jewish people, but not the reader of this book. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/31.md b/neh/10/31.md index 24ad779f3b..33dc3e3563 100644 --- a/neh/10/31.md +++ b/neh/10/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "we will not plow our fields" or "we wi # we will cancel all debts This means that they will not require that people pay them what they owe. Alternate translation: "we will cancel all debts that people owe us" or "we will tell people that they no longer have to pay us back" - diff --git a/neh/10/32.md b/neh/10/32.md index eb0b41c458..e072645697 100644 --- a/neh/10/32.md +++ b/neh/10/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The pronoun "we" here includes all the Israelites including Nehemiah except for # for the service of "to pay for the care of" - diff --git a/neh/10/33.md b/neh/10/33.md index 57e96a56a7..d8de77c1a6 100644 --- a/neh/10/33.md +++ b/neh/10/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the 12 loaves of bread baked without yeast kept in the temple and # the new moon festivals These were celebrations held when the moon was just a small crescent in the sky. - diff --git a/neh/10/34.md b/neh/10/34.md index 015d9379c7..8ecc89f2b6 100644 --- a/neh/10/34.md +++ b/neh/10/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the Levites to bu # as it is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as it states" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/35.md b/neh/10/35.md index c6114f2a9b..0ee53fb833 100644 --- a/neh/10/35.md +++ b/neh/10/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from our soil "in our soil" or "on our land" - diff --git a/neh/10/36.md b/neh/10/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/10/36.md +++ b/neh/10/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/10/37.md b/neh/10/37.md index 96f2e74e4c..0fa3aefb38 100644 --- a/neh/10/37.md +++ b/neh/10/37.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The words "first of" are understood from the beginning of the sentences. They ca # the tithes from our soil Here "our soil" refers to everything that is grown in the ground. Alternate translation: "the tithes of what we grow in the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/38.md b/neh/10/38.md index 4ce88e19df..b1d9d48f14 100644 --- a/neh/10/38.md +++ b/neh/10/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means one part out of ten equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate # the rooms of the storehouse "the storerooms in the temple" - diff --git a/neh/10/39.md b/neh/10/39.md index 17e5aeca5a..07df2bf664 100644 --- a/neh/10/39.md +++ b/neh/10/39.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "We will care for th # We will The pronoun "we" here includes Nehemiah and all the people of Israel but does not include the reader of this book. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/neh/10/intro.md b/neh/10/intro.md index 8fc9db48c3..1bfcc4f9c7 100644 --- a/neh/10/intro.md +++ b/neh/10/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Nehemiah 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter concludes the passage beginning in chapter 9. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The vow +### The vow By signing this document, the people vowed or agreed to obey God, not to buy things on the Sabbath and to pay their temple tax. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ By signing this document, the people vowed or agreed to obey God, not to buy thi * __[Nehemiah 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/11/01.md b/neh/11/01.md index bb2eac010d..0b1afff5fc 100644 --- a/neh/11/01.md +++ b/neh/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to bring one of ten "to bring one family out of every ten families" - diff --git a/neh/11/02.md b/neh/11/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/11/02.md +++ b/neh/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/11/03.md b/neh/11/03.md index 4929ca9b44..96236db9cf 100644 --- a/neh/11/03.md +++ b/neh/11/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on his own property, including some Israelites "on his own property: Israelites" - diff --git a/neh/11/04.md b/neh/11/04.md index 9944919874..edcc3edf2c 100644 --- a/neh/11/04.md +++ b/neh/11/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # a descendant of Perez "from the descendants of Perez" - diff --git a/neh/11/05.md b/neh/11/05.md index 1dd74df20e..ace646ccd4 100644 --- a/neh/11/05.md +++ b/neh/11/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses, Nehemiah continues to list the provincial officers who lived in # Maaseiah ... Baruch ... Kol-Hozeh ... Hazaiah ... Adaiah ... Joiarib ... Zechariah ... Shelah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/06.md b/neh/11/06.md index 940e121890..3d402e42e6 100644 --- a/neh/11/06.md +++ b/neh/11/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # They were outstanding men "They were courageous men" or "They were valiant men" - diff --git a/neh/11/07.md b/neh/11/07.md index 3ef2e30948..056069689f 100644 --- a/neh/11/07.md +++ b/neh/11/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In these verses, Nehemiah continues to list the provincial officers who lived in # Benjamin ... Sallu ... Meshullam ... Joed ... Pedaiah ... Kolaiah ... Maaseiah ... Ithiel ... Jeshaiah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/08.md b/neh/11/08.md index 1d29b730bf..e746f8c7fe 100644 --- a/neh/11/08.md +++ b/neh/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 928 men "nine hundred and twenty-eight men." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/09.md b/neh/11/09.md index 7c597f0ff9..eca2e80904 100644 --- a/neh/11/09.md +++ b/neh/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joel ... Zikri ... Judah ... Hassenuah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/10.md b/neh/11/10.md index 20d26c4cb2..8addfc8457 100644 --- a/neh/11/10.md +++ b/neh/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jedaiah ... Joiarib ... Jakin These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/11.md b/neh/11/11.md index 2e38e0e2b8..ef79c48fb4 100644 --- a/neh/11/11.md +++ b/neh/11/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Seraiah ... Hilkiah ... Meshullam ... Zadok These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/12.md b/neh/11/12.md index ed5023055b..6246af8519 100644 --- a/neh/11/12.md +++ b/neh/11/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 822 men "eight hundred and twenty-two men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/13.md b/neh/11/13.md index cb3247c26b..5249a9a7b5 100644 --- a/neh/11/13.md +++ b/neh/11/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word is a metaphor for 1) fellow Israelites or 2) people who did the same w # Amashsai ... Azarel ... Ahzai ... Meshillemoth ... Immer These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/14.md b/neh/11/14.md index e04a9d4cef..f13eced509 100644 --- a/neh/11/14.md +++ b/neh/11/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 128 valiant warriors "one hundred and twenty-eight courageous fighting men." These were "valiant warriors" or "courageous warriors." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/15.md b/neh/11/15.md index adc40d361b..7454da7ef7 100644 --- a/neh/11/15.md +++ b/neh/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shemaiah ... Hasshub ... Azrikam ... Hashabiah ... Bunni These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/16.md b/neh/11/16.md index 673a9dabde..18f8c4f576 100644 --- a/neh/11/16.md +++ b/neh/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # who were from the leaders of the Levites and were in charge "from the leaders of the Levites, were in charge" - diff --git a/neh/11/17.md b/neh/11/17.md index a9ecf55ba9..0d9e654d0b 100644 --- a/neh/11/17.md +++ b/neh/11/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Bakbukiah was Mattaniah's kinsman and second in authori # brothers Another possible meaning is "associates" or "fellow workers." - diff --git a/neh/11/18.md b/neh/11/18.md index 6767eb2d6c..9f2eed89d7 100644 --- a/neh/11/18.md +++ b/neh/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This expression refers to the city of Jerusalem. # numbered 284 "numbered two hundred and eighty-four." There were 284 Levites in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/19.md b/neh/11/19.md index 34e8a69485..7e46d8c25f 100644 --- a/neh/11/19.md +++ b/neh/11/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # 172 men "one hundred and seventy-two men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/20.md b/neh/11/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/11/20.md +++ b/neh/11/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/11/21.md b/neh/11/21.md index de0bc94dae..0e1ae8b649 100644 --- a/neh/11/21.md +++ b/neh/11/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ophel This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/22.md b/neh/11/22.md index 2861b8b0a5..499f612953 100644 --- a/neh/11/22.md +++ b/neh/11/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Uzzi ... Bani ... Hashabiah ... Mattaniah ... Mika ... Asaph These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/23.md b/neh/11/23.md index f5491a4200..3b874a7eee 100644 --- a/neh/11/23.md +++ b/neh/11/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # firm orders were given for the singers This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the king had told them specifically what to do about the singers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/24.md b/neh/11/24.md index 2a6e2b70a0..251844cf70 100644 --- a/neh/11/24.md +++ b/neh/11/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # at the king's side in all matters concerning the people "at the Persian king's side as an adviser in all matters concerning the Jewish people" - diff --git a/neh/11/25.md b/neh/11/25.md index 1611294bfc..d66977b941 100644 --- a/neh/11/25.md +++ b/neh/11/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kiriath Arba ... Dibon ... Jekabzeel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/26.md b/neh/11/26.md index a6c06dd75c..b89fb4ee19 100644 --- a/neh/11/26.md +++ b/neh/11/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeshua ... Moladah ... Beth Pelet These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/27.md b/neh/11/27.md index e39095fd50..731747cc4a 100644 --- a/neh/11/27.md +++ b/neh/11/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hazar Shual ... Beersheba These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/28.md b/neh/11/28.md index 2a0585720f..b31fe3875e 100644 --- a/neh/11/28.md +++ b/neh/11/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ziklag ... Mekonah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/29.md b/neh/11/29.md index ea51180cf4..9940a556ef 100644 --- a/neh/11/29.md +++ b/neh/11/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # En Rimmon ... Zorah ... Jarmuth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/30.md b/neh/11/30.md index 5697bff538..a548043a04 100644 --- a/neh/11/30.md +++ b/neh/11/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # they encamped Here "they" refers to the people of Judah, and encamped is probably a metaphor for "lived in houses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]). - diff --git a/neh/11/31.md b/neh/11/31.md index 7170f949cc..46d6faf396 100644 --- a/neh/11/31.md +++ b/neh/11/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Aija This is possibly another name for the town of Ai. - diff --git a/neh/11/32.md b/neh/11/32.md index 1f02d8564b..5491c212ef 100644 --- a/neh/11/32.md +++ b/neh/11/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Anathoth, Nob, Ananiah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/33.md b/neh/11/33.md index 7460ab2b42..d1ce83664e 100644 --- a/neh/11/33.md +++ b/neh/11/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hazor, Ramah, Gittaim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/34.md b/neh/11/34.md index f1f6c7311c..e1ca75f978 100644 --- a/neh/11/34.md +++ b/neh/11/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hadid, Zeboim, Neballat These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/35.md b/neh/11/35.md index 0f595a3b53..a815db9a90 100644 --- a/neh/11/35.md +++ b/neh/11/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ono, and Ge Harashim Other possible meanings are 1) Ge Harashim is a different place from Ono whose name is not given. Alternate translation: "Ono, and the valley of the craftsmen" Or 2) Ge Harashim is a description of Ono as "the valley of the craftsmen." Alternate translation: "Ono, the valley of the craftsmen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/36.md b/neh/11/36.md index 6bb8257510..d25f159d27 100644 --- a/neh/11/36.md +++ b/neh/11/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Some of the Levites who lived in Judah were assigned to the people of Benjamin It is not clear who assigned these Levites to live with the people of Benjamin. Alternate translation: "They assigned some of the Levites who lived in Judah to serve the people of Benjamin" or "The officials assigned some of the Levites who lived in Judah to serve the people of Benjamin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/11/intro.md b/neh/11/intro.md index bb2cbce27c..dd2edac705 100644 --- a/neh/11/intro.md +++ b/neh/11/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Nehemiah 11 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The places where the Jews lived +### The places where the Jews lived -Some people lived in Jerusalem, but most people lived in villages and towns away from Jerusalem. They lived there in order to farm the land raise their animals. The city with its walls was there to provide all of the people with protection if enemies attacked them. +Some people lived in Jerusalem, but most people lived in villages and towns away from Jerusalem. They lived there in order to farm the land raise their animals. The city with its walls was there to provide all of the people with protection if enemies attacked them. ## Links: * __[Nehemiah 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/12/01.md b/neh/12/01.md index d68a1ed049..05b13830c0 100644 --- a/neh/12/01.md +++ b/neh/12/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jeshua The original readers would have understood that Jeshua was the high priest. Alternate translation: "Jeshua the high priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/02.md b/neh/12/02.md index 532d76134c..cdb5dac9cf 100644 --- a/neh/12/02.md +++ b/neh/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Amariah ... Malluk ... Hattush These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/03.md b/neh/12/03.md index 1020ce64b4..f29e3f766f 100644 --- a/neh/12/03.md +++ b/neh/12/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shekaniah ... Rehum ... Meremoth These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/04.md b/neh/12/04.md index 084206ccfd..3bd5bcd36c 100644 --- a/neh/12/04.md +++ b/neh/12/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words have been added for this translation. If you continue the list that # Iddo ... Ginnethon ... Abijah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/05.md b/neh/12/05.md index 5c9ac6f64b..3c31cb9fc8 100644 --- a/neh/12/05.md +++ b/neh/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mijamin ... Moadiah ... Bilgah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/06.md b/neh/12/06.md index f33e7d90c1..8173d000b0 100644 --- a/neh/12/06.md +++ b/neh/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shemaiah ... Joiarib ... Jedaiah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/07.md b/neh/12/07.md index 0f12cad1e5..a007eba27f 100644 --- a/neh/12/07.md +++ b/neh/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sallu ... Amok ... Hilkiah ... Jedaiah ... Jeshua These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/08.md b/neh/12/08.md index b893ddca11..c9e3393f1f 100644 --- a/neh/12/08.md +++ b/neh/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jeshua, Binnui, Kadmiel, Sherebiah, Judah, ... Mattaniah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/09.md b/neh/12/09.md index ea8a47431c..1568e7d79a 100644 --- a/neh/12/09.md +++ b/neh/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # stood opposite them during the service Possible meanings are 1) this was during a worship service and these were two groups of singers or other worshipers, or 2) these groups guarded the temple at different times, or "took turns guarding the temple." - diff --git a/neh/12/10.md b/neh/12/10.md index 04f183bd12..c69796ba4d 100644 --- a/neh/12/10.md +++ b/neh/12/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Jeshua was the father of Joiakim This is the same Jeshua named in [Nehemiah 12:1](../12/01.md). The original readers would have understood that Jeshua was the high priest. Alternate translation: "Jeshua the high priest was the father of Joiakim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/11.md b/neh/12/11.md index a576fce4b2..37fc6d859a 100644 --- a/neh/12/11.md +++ b/neh/12/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joiada ... Jonathan ... Jaddua These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/12.md b/neh/12/12.md index 7fa9c35025..055b843bbc 100644 --- a/neh/12/12.md +++ b/neh/12/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Seraiah ... Jeremiah These are names of families named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/13.md b/neh/12/13.md index ecd51b8367..ac9616a6c0 100644 --- a/neh/12/13.md +++ b/neh/12/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ezra ... Amariah These are names of families named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/14.md b/neh/12/14.md index 3e159bc7fd..948ae8fd6a 100644 --- a/neh/12/14.md +++ b/neh/12/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Malluk ... Shebaniah These are names of families named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/15.md b/neh/12/15.md index 0a97c36d76..889774e791 100644 --- a/neh/12/15.md +++ b/neh/12/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # was the leader of "was the leader of the family of" or "was the leader of the descendants of" - diff --git a/neh/12/16.md b/neh/12/16.md index 5921c7a34a..0cf2af9ef0 100644 --- a/neh/12/16.md +++ b/neh/12/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # Meshullam was the leader of Ginnethon Ginnethon may be another form of the name Ginnethoi. - diff --git a/neh/12/17.md b/neh/12/17.md index c8cf637b46..aa537c65df 100644 --- a/neh/12/17.md +++ b/neh/12/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Abijah ... Miniamin ... Moadiah These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/18.md b/neh/12/18.md index eebf9d94db..6f7226a0fa 100644 --- a/neh/12/18.md +++ b/neh/12/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Bilgah ... Shemaiah These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/19.md b/neh/12/19.md index 39d4bb5704..9324662e89 100644 --- a/neh/12/19.md +++ b/neh/12/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Joiarib ... Jedaiah These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/20.md b/neh/12/20.md index 9277cdf894..639f74389d 100644 --- a/neh/12/20.md +++ b/neh/12/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Sallu ... Amok These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/21.md b/neh/12/21.md index b9cae5ae67..61fd02e3ed 100644 --- a/neh/12/21.md +++ b/neh/12/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Hilkiah ... Jedaiah These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/22.md b/neh/12/22.md index a6cbaaf5ff..e5acb15120 100644 --- a/neh/12/22.md +++ b/neh/12/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # during the reign of Darius Another possible meaning is "until the reign of Darius" - diff --git a/neh/12/23.md b/neh/12/23.md index f0a1b44c80..317b406b95 100644 --- a/neh/12/23.md +++ b/neh/12/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This may refer to the Book of Chronicles. The scribes wrote the words in the ver # up to the days of Johanan son of Eliashib The records in the temple recorded only up until Johanan. - diff --git a/neh/12/24.md b/neh/12/24.md index 81be974e2e..a286f03b2c 100644 --- a/neh/12/24.md +++ b/neh/12/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to how they sang some of their songs in worship. A leader or one gro # obedience to the command of David King David had commanded the Levites how they were to organize and lead worship. - diff --git a/neh/12/25.md b/neh/12/25.md index a5b83f3d34..916a4b373d 100644 --- a/neh/12/25.md +++ b/neh/12/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mattaniah, Bakbukiah, Obadiah, Meshullam, Talmon, and Akkub These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/26.md b/neh/12/26.md index d75bd75391..df8c417daf 100644 --- a/neh/12/26.md +++ b/neh/12/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # in the days of Joiakim ... Jozadak, and in the days of Nehemiah the governor and of Ezra ... scribe The date was fixed by listing those who were leading the Jews at the time. "when Joiakim ... Jozadak was high priest, and when Nehemiah was governor and Ezra ... was the scribe" - diff --git a/neh/12/27.md b/neh/12/27.md index e61f488ce8..cc9bb7cfa9 100644 --- a/neh/12/27.md +++ b/neh/12/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "At the time when they dedicated the wall of Jerusalem" # cymbals two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/28.md b/neh/12/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/12/28.md +++ b/neh/12/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/12/29.md b/neh/12/29.md index 5ebfc0f932..2910029664 100644 --- a/neh/12/29.md +++ b/neh/12/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Gilgal ... Geba and Azmaveth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/30.md b/neh/12/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/12/30.md +++ b/neh/12/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/12/31.md b/neh/12/31.md index 5092cddc4b..517f169a0e 100644 --- a/neh/12/31.md +++ b/neh/12/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the leaders of Judah the leaders of the people who lived in the region of Judah - diff --git a/neh/12/32.md b/neh/12/32.md index 2cde524243..e2d8c7f5f9 100644 --- a/neh/12/32.md +++ b/neh/12/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hoshaiah These are the names of males. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/33.md b/neh/12/33.md index 1f414ba8d3..8babbf46fd 100644 --- a/neh/12/33.md +++ b/neh/12/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of males. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # after them went "behind them followed" - diff --git a/neh/12/34.md b/neh/12/34.md index 534bd1ff6a..5804d1f81b 100644 --- a/neh/12/34.md +++ b/neh/12/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Judah, Benjamin, Shemaiah, Jeremiah These are the names of males. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/35.md b/neh/12/35.md index 4304353f4e..4cefb3d7a7 100644 --- a/neh/12/35.md +++ b/neh/12/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some modern translations read, "from among the priests with trumpets, Zechariah" # Zechariah son of Jonathan son of Shemaiah son of Mattaniah son of Micaiah son of Zakkur son of Asaph All of the names after "Zechariah" are the ancestors of Zechariah. This list connects Zechariah with the famous singer Asaph. "Zechariah who was the son of Jonathan, who was the son of Shemaiah, who was the son of Mattaniah, who was the son of Micaiah, who was the son of Zaccur son of Asaph" - diff --git a/neh/12/36.md b/neh/12/36.md index a399bb7812..d03b0e120f 100644 --- a/neh/12/36.md +++ b/neh/12/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of males. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ezra the scribe was in front of them "Ezra the scribe was leading them" - diff --git a/neh/12/37.md b/neh/12/37.md index 2ee8f22e0f..b0497e2a46 100644 --- a/neh/12/37.md +++ b/neh/12/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Fountain Gate ... Water Gate These are the names of openings in the wall. - diff --git a/neh/12/38.md b/neh/12/38.md index e169f4ab10..cdec39350d 100644 --- a/neh/12/38.md +++ b/neh/12/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a tall structure where people kept watch for danger. (See: [ # Broad Wall This is a name for part of the wall. - diff --git a/neh/12/39.md b/neh/12/39.md index 27ab39c4a1..4cfc50c0b9 100644 --- a/neh/12/39.md +++ b/neh/12/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of tall structures where people kept watch for danger. (See: # Gate of Ephraim ... Old Gate ... Fish Gate ... Sheep Gate ... Gate of the Guard These are the names of openings in the wall. - diff --git a/neh/12/40.md b/neh/12/40.md index 506e4692cb..b6b5b3d4a6 100644 --- a/neh/12/40.md +++ b/neh/12/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I also took my place Nehemiah is speaking here. Alternate translation: "I, Nehemiah, also took my place" - diff --git a/neh/12/41.md b/neh/12/41.md index 62d9d917ef..d2ed15f04c 100644 --- a/neh/12/41.md +++ b/neh/12/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of males who were the priests at that time. (See: [[rc://en/ # with the trumpets Possible meanings are 1) only the first seven priests listed from Eliakim to Hananiah carried trumpets or 2) all 15 priests listed from Eliakim to Ezer carried trumpets. - diff --git a/neh/12/42.md b/neh/12/42.md index 1444169244..214bc7bf55 100644 --- a/neh/12/42.md +++ b/neh/12/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a male who was the leader of the singers. # made themselves heard "sang loudly" - diff --git a/neh/12/43.md b/neh/12/43.md index bc3a627fda..533c0d2d2b 100644 --- a/neh/12/43.md +++ b/neh/12/43.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # So the joy of Jerusalem could be heard far away "The joy of Jerusalem" here is a metonym for "the sound that the people of Jerusalem made." This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people far away from Jerusalem could hear the sound that the people of Jerusalem made as they celebrated" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/44.md b/neh/12/44.md index 03b73c2aab..3f202c0292 100644 --- a/neh/12/44.md +++ b/neh/12/44.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It seems that the people appointed the men because the people of Judah were grat # who were standing before them The Levites and priests were not just standing, they were serving in their roles. The meaning can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "who were standing before them serving God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/neh/12/45.md b/neh/12/45.md index ef1ab2f0e5..45ab60c735 100644 --- a/neh/12/45.md +++ b/neh/12/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gatekeepers These were people assigned to each gate, responsible to control access to the city or temple, as well as to open and close the gates at times and for reasons set by the administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md). - diff --git a/neh/12/46.md b/neh/12/46.md index c5dbcd59d4..1d7dc1be7b 100644 --- a/neh/12/46.md +++ b/neh/12/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there were directors of singers This sentence tells why the people did what they did in [Nehemiah 12:45](../12/45.md) and gives us more information about the time when David told people how to worship at the temple. - diff --git a/neh/12/47.md b/neh/12/47.md index 41925f4b02..831d284ddc 100644 --- a/neh/12/47.md +++ b/neh/12/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Zerubbabel was a descendant of King David and one of the governors in the region # the descendants of Aaron the priests in Israel, who descended from Aaron, the brother of Moses - diff --git a/neh/12/intro.md b/neh/12/intro.md index f265e18be5..981c38724d 100644 --- a/neh/12/intro.md +++ b/neh/12/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Nehemiah 12 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Dedication of the wall +### Dedication of the wall In the ancient Near East, it was common to dedicate an important structure to a god. When it was completed, the wall was dedicated to Yahweh. Long lists of people are present, indicating that "everyone" was present for this and praised Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, it was common to dedicate an important structure to a * __[Nehemiah 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/neh/13/01.md b/neh/13/01.md index dec889e1c1..bfab4339d8 100644 --- a/neh/13/01.md +++ b/neh/13/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # should come into the assembly of God, forever "should ever come into the assembly of God" - diff --git a/neh/13/02.md b/neh/13/02.md index dfc8d8268d..5863cbf8a7 100644 --- a/neh/13/02.md +++ b/neh/13/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This was because "They could not come into the assembly because" - diff --git a/neh/13/03.md b/neh/13/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/13/03.md +++ b/neh/13/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/13/04.md b/neh/13/04.md index 59e371724c..b754d3e889 100644 --- a/neh/13/04.md +++ b/neh/13/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they appointed El # Eliashib ... Tobiah These are the names of men. - diff --git a/neh/13/05.md b/neh/13/05.md index 407e1ba8b8..d4f6855d9e 100644 --- a/neh/13/05.md +++ b/neh/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # gatekeepers people assigned to each gate, responsible to control access to the city or temple, as well as to open and close the gates at times and for reasons set by the administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md). - diff --git a/neh/13/06.md b/neh/13/06.md index 23c181e9a3..e710a79c4f 100644 --- a/neh/13/06.md +++ b/neh/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I was not Here "I" refers to Nehemiah. - diff --git a/neh/13/07.md b/neh/13/07.md index c48a91935b..5bcf67b13e 100644 --- a/neh/13/07.md +++ b/neh/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a storeroom in the courts of the house of God This was a room which had previously been purified to store offering supplies ([Nehemiah 13:5](../13/05.md)). - diff --git a/neh/13/08.md b/neh/13/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/13/08.md +++ b/neh/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/13/09.md b/neh/13/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/neh/13/09.md +++ b/neh/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/neh/13/10.md b/neh/13/10.md index c035a89ff3..6f82d692e0 100644 --- a/neh/13/10.md +++ b/neh/13/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. This can also be translate # they had run away, each to his own field, the Levites and the singers who did the work "the Levites and the singers who did the work had left the temple, each one going to his own field" - diff --git a/neh/13/11.md b/neh/13/11.md index 96b81732f8..309c363009 100644 --- a/neh/13/11.md +++ b/neh/13/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why is the house of God neglected? Nehemiah uses a rhetorical question to challenge or even ridicule the officials who had not done their work. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You have neglected the house of God!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/12.md b/neh/13/12.md index fa028bdb91..c9ad9b753a 100644 --- a/neh/13/12.md +++ b/neh/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all Judah The name of the land is a metonym for the people of the land. This is probably a generalization. Alternate translation: "all the people who lived in Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/13.md b/neh/13/13.md index a252b70919..7f921c7a04 100644 --- a/neh/13/13.md +++ b/neh/13/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # they were counted as trustworthy This can be translated in active form. The abstract noun "trustworthy" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "I knew that I could trust them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/14.md b/neh/13/14.md index aa13ac0e07..a9598b6c38 100644 --- a/neh/13/14.md +++ b/neh/13/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Call me to mind, my God, concerning this "My God, remember me concerning this" - diff --git a/neh/13/15.md b/neh/13/15.md index 63356880a4..bf301f2408 100644 --- a/neh/13/15.md +++ b/neh/13/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "winepresses" is a metonym for the grapes that were in the winepresses. # treading walking on something to crush or press it - diff --git a/neh/13/16.md b/neh/13/16.md index f28b153353..9f3fff1337 100644 --- a/neh/13/16.md +++ b/neh/13/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tyre This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/17.md b/neh/13/17.md index 113e072ad6..c511b7af26 100644 --- a/neh/13/17.md +++ b/neh/13/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What is this evil thing you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Nehemiah is using a rhetorical question to scold the leaders of Judah. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You are doing an evil thing by profaning the Sabbath day." or "God will punish you for doing this evil thing, for profaning the Sabbath day." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/18.md b/neh/13/18.md index 5284cc9e5f..54c0db7625 100644 --- a/neh/13/18.md +++ b/neh/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did not your fathers do this? Did not our God bring all this evil on us and on this city? Nehemiah is using these rhetorical questions to scold the leaders of Judah. These questions can be combined and translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that your fathers did this, and that is why God brought all this evil on us and on this city." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/19.md b/neh/13/19.md index 6dc570d4c2..502c479780 100644 --- a/neh/13/19.md +++ b/neh/13/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the guards s # no load could be brought in This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one could bring in things they wanted to sell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/20.md b/neh/13/20.md index 98f0bffc4e..4895355b4b 100644 --- a/neh/13/20.md +++ b/neh/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sellers of all kinds of wares "people who had brought many different things they wanted to sell" - diff --git a/neh/13/21.md b/neh/13/21.md index e7df598754..88e9b18488 100644 --- a/neh/13/21.md +++ b/neh/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Nehemiah uses a rhetorical question to rebuke merchants and to emphasize his com # I will lay hands on you! The word "hands" is a metonym for forceful action. Alternate translation: "I will send you away by force!" or "I will remove you by force!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/22.md b/neh/13/22.md index b0684793ad..883d9cc824 100644 --- a/neh/13/22.md +++ b/neh/13/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Call me to mind for this also, my God "My God, remember me concerning this also." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Nehemiah 13:14](../13/14.md). - diff --git a/neh/13/23.md b/neh/13/23.md index 1cb8176a42..221a6f75c4 100644 --- a/neh/13/23.md +++ b/neh/13/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Ammon ... Moab These are the names of nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/24.md b/neh/13/24.md index ffc8bb2c58..e37d17e739 100644 --- a/neh/13/24.md +++ b/neh/13/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Half of their children "As a result, half of their children" - diff --git a/neh/13/25.md b/neh/13/25.md index 38ea6db553..afcfdc5ec6 100644 --- a/neh/13/25.md +++ b/neh/13/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Nehemiah hit some of them with his hands. # I made them swear by God "I made them say a promise before God" - diff --git a/neh/13/26.md b/neh/13/26.md index 5faedfda0e..3de7ce2ffc 100644 --- a/neh/13/26.md +++ b/neh/13/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did not Solomon king of Israel sin on account of these women? Nehemiah uses a rhetorical question to scold the men. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that Solomon king of Israel sinned on account of these women." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/27.md b/neh/13/27.md index ee0bef846b..2ebd9483dc 100644 --- a/neh/13/27.md +++ b/neh/13/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should we then listen to you and do all this great evil, and act unfaithfully against our God by marrying foreign women? Nehemiah uses a rhetorical question to scold the men. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "We will not listen to you or do this great evil or act treacherously against our God by marrying foreign women." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/28.md b/neh/13/28.md index 4b36f5fa70..4719117de3 100644 --- a/neh/13/28.md +++ b/neh/13/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a person from the city of Beth Horon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # I caused him to flee from my presence "I chased him away" or "I made him leave Jerusalem" - diff --git a/neh/13/29.md b/neh/13/29.md index 873bb25a9f..41c2776087 100644 --- a/neh/13/29.md +++ b/neh/13/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they have defiled the priesthood, and the covenant of the priesthood and the Levites Causing the priesthood to be dishonored and breaking the covenant is spoken of as if they made the priesthood and covenant physically unclean. Alternate translation: "they have dishonored the priesthood and broken the covenant you made with the priests and Levites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/neh/13/30.md b/neh/13/30.md index e5a1b78a78..ebf2ca8fe7 100644 --- a/neh/13/30.md +++ b/neh/13/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # established the duties of the priests and the Levites "told the priests and Levites what they were to do" - diff --git a/neh/13/31.md b/neh/13/31.md index 2bb760dfd2..d4d259f4f9 100644 --- a/neh/13/31.md +++ b/neh/13/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Call me to mind, my God, for good "Think about all I have done, my God, and bless me because of the good things I have done." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Nehemiah 13:14](../13/14.md). - diff --git a/neh/13/intro.md b/neh/13/intro.md index 5a58d89fb6..f4dcdae0f9 100644 --- a/neh/13/intro.md +++ b/neh/13/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Nehemiah 13 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Nehemiah returns to Jerusalem +### Nehemiah returns to Jerusalem Nehemiah was eager to make sure that the Jews kept their promise to obey the law. When he returned from Persia, he found many things wrong: one of the store rooms in the temple had been converted into a guest room for Tobiah, the Levites had not received their portions for working in the temple, people were working on the Sabbath, and many had married heathen wives. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Nehemiah was eager to make sure that the Jews kept their promise to obey the law * __[Nehemiah 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/neh/front/intro.md b/neh/front/intro.md index 5a189002af..a7ca9ecc9c 100644 --- a/neh/front/intro.md +++ b/neh/front/intro.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ ### What is the Book of Nehemiah about? -A Jew named Nehemiah lived in Persia and worked for King Artaxerxes. Nehemiah received a report that the walls around Jerusalem were broken down. Nehemiah returned to Jerusalem to help rebuild the city walls. The walls around the city helped protect the city against armies and invaders. +A Jew named Nehemiah lived in Persia and worked for King Artaxerxes. Nehemiah received a report that the walls around Jerusalem were broken down. Nehemiah returned to Jerusalem to help rebuild the city walls. The walls around the city helped protect the city against armies and invaders. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -42,4 +42,3 @@ The Book of Nehemiah uses the term "Israel" to refer to the kingdom of Judah. It ### Are the events in the Book of Nehemiah told in the order that they actually happened? Some of the events in the Book of Nehemiah are not told in the order they actually happened. Translators should pay attention to notes that signal when events are probably out of order. - diff --git a/num/01/01.md b/num/01/01.md index 56c0de0756..a912554788 100644 --- a/num/01/01.md +++ b/num/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middl # the second year "year 2" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/num/01/03.md b/num/01/03.md index 93d8d83a0a..299b66acb7 100644 --- a/num/01/03.md +++ b/num/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # record the number of men in their armed groups This refers to assigning the men to their military divisions. - diff --git a/num/01/04.md b/num/01/04.md index 00715e772d..3f64b1ece5 100644 --- a/num/01/04.md +++ b/num/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # serve with you "help you" - diff --git a/num/01/05.md b/num/01/05.md index 48e5a8730d..2722d5c9eb 100644 --- a/num/01/05.md +++ b/num/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Elizur ... Shedeur These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/01/06.md b/num/01/06.md index ba53f3c25f..a3df12df38 100644 --- a/num/01/06.md +++ b/num/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shelumiel ... Zurishaddai These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/01/07.md b/num/01/07.md index 22adf48dd1..36274e27d4 100644 --- a/num/01/07.md +++ b/num/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to list the leaders of the tribes to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/01/08.md b/num/01/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/01/08.md +++ b/num/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/01/09.md b/num/01/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/01/09.md +++ b/num/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/01/10.md b/num/01/10.md index 22adf48dd1..36274e27d4 100644 --- a/num/01/10.md +++ b/num/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to list the leaders of the tribes to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/01/11.md b/num/01/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/01/11.md +++ b/num/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/01/12.md b/num/01/12.md index 22adf48dd1..36274e27d4 100644 --- a/num/01/12.md +++ b/num/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues to list the leaders of the tribes to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/01/13.md b/num/01/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/01/13.md +++ b/num/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/01/14.md b/num/01/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/01/14.md +++ b/num/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/01/15.md b/num/01/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/01/15.md +++ b/num/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/01/16.md b/num/01/16.md index f95434e129..9e2aa761cc 100644 --- a/num/01/16.md +++ b/num/01/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the men appointed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the men whom Yahweh appointed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/17.md b/num/01/17.md index 667a9cf053..da8fb9def0 100644 --- a/num/01/17.md +++ b/num/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # who were recorded by name This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whose names they had recorded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/19.md b/num/01/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/01/19.md +++ b/num/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/01/20.md b/num/01/20.md index 689e24bf4c..7bd8c9f2c4 100644 --- a/num/01/20.md +++ b/num/01/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they counted by name # counted man by man "counted one by one" or "counted head by head" - diff --git a/num/01/21.md b/num/01/21.md index 079676be80..9717f8eefb 100644 --- a/num/01/21.md +++ b/num/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 46,500 men "forty-six thousand five hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/22.md b/num/01/22.md index 46a1699194..12541ceade 100644 --- a/num/01/22.md +++ b/num/01/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20] # counted man by man "counted one by one" or "counted head by head" - diff --git a/num/01/23.md b/num/01/23.md index fe33ebed2b..ed015c73da 100644 --- a/num/01/23.md +++ b/num/01/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 59,300 men "fifty-nine thousand three hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/24.md b/num/01/24.md index b6d15dccf5..b98acfae22 100644 --- a/num/01/24.md +++ b/num/01/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the names of all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, were counted This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "they counted by name all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/25.md b/num/01/25.md index db3e557ade..297f18fe90 100644 --- a/num/01/25.md +++ b/num/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 45,650 men "forty-five thousand six hundred and fifty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/26.md b/num/01/26.md index b6d15dccf5..b98acfae22 100644 --- a/num/01/26.md +++ b/num/01/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the names of all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, were counted This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "they counted by name all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/27.md b/num/01/27.md index dc43ac65bc..1649eec6ae 100644 --- a/num/01/27.md +++ b/num/01/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 74,600 men "seventy-four thousand six hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/28.md b/num/01/28.md index b6d15dccf5..b98acfae22 100644 --- a/num/01/28.md +++ b/num/01/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the names of all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, were counted This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "they counted by name all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/29.md b/num/01/29.md index 2c0699d609..fafb8ccc7e 100644 --- a/num/01/29.md +++ b/num/01/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 54,400 men "fifty-four thousand four hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/30.md b/num/01/30.md index edb9ce149c..fa8017ccb5 100644 --- a/num/01/30.md +++ b/num/01/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20] # older, able to go to war, were "older—men who were able to go to war—were." See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). - diff --git a/num/01/31.md b/num/01/31.md index 22ad2a72a7..9d283981b1 100644 --- a/num/01/31.md +++ b/num/01/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 57,400 men "fifty-seven thousand four hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/32.md b/num/01/32.md index b6d15dccf5..b98acfae22 100644 --- a/num/01/32.md +++ b/num/01/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the names of all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, were counted This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "they counted by name all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/33.md b/num/01/33.md index 6338a7fcc3..187d935af9 100644 --- a/num/01/33.md +++ b/num/01/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 40,500 men "forty thousand five hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/34.md b/num/01/34.md index b6d15dccf5..b98acfae22 100644 --- a/num/01/34.md +++ b/num/01/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the names of all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, were counted This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "they counted by name all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/35.md b/num/01/35.md index 3a32c414e5..4d3568a777 100644 --- a/num/01/35.md +++ b/num/01/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 32,200 men "thirty-two thousand two hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/36.md b/num/01/36.md index b6d15dccf5..b98acfae22 100644 --- a/num/01/36.md +++ b/num/01/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the names of all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, were counted This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "they counted by name all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/37.md b/num/01/37.md index 88e0d58740..023325c286 100644 --- a/num/01/37.md +++ b/num/01/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 35,400 men "thirty-five thousand four hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/38.md b/num/01/38.md index b6d15dccf5..b98acfae22 100644 --- a/num/01/38.md +++ b/num/01/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the names of all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, were counted This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "they counted by name all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/39.md b/num/01/39.md index 5fc3fe70dc..6397fb116e 100644 --- a/num/01/39.md +++ b/num/01/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They counted 62,700 "They counted sixty-two thousand seven hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/40.md b/num/01/40.md index edb9ce149c..fa8017ccb5 100644 --- a/num/01/40.md +++ b/num/01/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20] # older, able to go to war, were "older—men who were able to go to war—were." See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). - diff --git a/num/01/41.md b/num/01/41.md index dcc04cd5f5..c52640ae2d 100644 --- a/num/01/41.md +++ b/num/01/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They counted 41,500 "They counted forty-one thousand five hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/42.md b/num/01/42.md index b6d15dccf5..b98acfae22 100644 --- a/num/01/42.md +++ b/num/01/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the names of all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, were counted This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "they counted by name all the men twenty years old or older, able to go to war, by" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/43.md b/num/01/43.md index 3f3a974f71..c559547856 100644 --- a/num/01/43.md +++ b/num/01/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They counted 53,400 "They counted fifty-three thousand four hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/44.md b/num/01/44.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/01/44.md +++ b/num/01/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/01/45.md b/num/01/45.md index b35343f0b4..4e37db4f6c 100644 --- a/num/01/45.md +++ b/num/01/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So all the men of Israel ... were counted in each of their ancestral households The phrase "were counted" can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: "So they counted all the men of Israel ... in each of their ancestors' households" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/46.md b/num/01/46.md index 47e13a15bc..ff812e449a 100644 --- a/num/01/46.md +++ b/num/01/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 603,550 men "six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/01/47.md b/num/01/47.md index c79d798f5c..a5aa5664e7 100644 --- a/num/01/47.md +++ b/num/01/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Levites were not counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses and Aaron did not count the Levites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/48.md b/num/01/48.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/01/48.md +++ b/num/01/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/01/49.md b/num/01/49.md index 07832fe48c..23a7c66437 100644 --- a/num/01/49.md +++ b/num/01/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must not count the tribe of Levi Here the "tribe of Levi" refers to all of the men in the tribe of Levi. Alternate translation: "must not count the men of the tribe of Levi" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/01/50.md b/num/01/50.md index ccb3a46605..06e3d7b66b 100644 --- a/num/01/50.md +++ b/num/01/50.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It was their job to carry the tabernacle when they traveled. Alternate translati # make their camp around it This means that they were to set up their tents around the tabernacle. Alternate translation: "set up their tents around it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/01/51.md b/num/01/51.md index bd5fd011db..0e17697c17 100644 --- a/num/01/51.md +++ b/num/01/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When it is time to se # Any stranger ... must be killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Any stranger ... must die" or "You must kill any stranger who comes near the tabernacle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/01/52.md b/num/01/52.md index c7297dfefc..6882729b3e 100644 --- a/num/01/52.md +++ b/num/01/52.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a large flag # his armed group "his military division" - diff --git a/num/01/53.md b/num/01/53.md index 73d1659aff..2b8bfc5652 100644 --- a/num/01/53.md +++ b/num/01/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh speaks of not punishing the Israelites as his anger not coming upon # perform the duties of the tabernacle "do all the work connected to the tabernacle" or "take care of everything connected to the tabernacle" or "keeping watch over the tabernacle" - diff --git a/num/01/54.md b/num/01/54.md index 0c83aa2a02..2fb77ce883 100644 --- a/num/01/54.md +++ b/num/01/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh commanded through Moses Yahweh had commanded Moses everything that the Israelites were to do, and then Moses had commanded the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/01/intro.md b/num/01/intro.md index 2ed6765761..0943fab240 100644 --- a/num/01/intro.md +++ b/num/01/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Numbers 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines in 1:5-15 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists. -#### Census +### Census -They counted how many men of military age were in each tribe of Israel. These men would also become the heads of families. It is possible the numbers in this chapter are rounded to the nearest 100. +They counted how many men of military age were in each tribe of Israel. These men would also become the heads of families. It is possible the numbers in this chapter are rounded to the nearest 100. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +14,3 @@ They counted how many men of military age were in each tribe of Israel. These me * __[Numbers intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/02/01.md b/num/02/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/02/01.md +++ b/num/02/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/02/02.md b/num/02/02.md index 4619e10fef..b4f0f741da 100644 --- a/num/02/02.md +++ b/num/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Each extended family also had a banner under with the camp, which was within the # banners A banner is a large flag. - diff --git a/num/02/03.md b/num/02/03.md index bb406b2cef..41af392aac 100644 --- a/num/02/03.md +++ b/num/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "standards" were four larger groups that the tribes were divided into. Each # Nahshon son of Amminadab See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/num/02/04.md b/num/02/04.md index 238746fb5b..28a2087916 100644 --- a/num/02/04.md +++ b/num/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 74,600 "seventy-four thousand six hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/02/05.md b/num/02/05.md index c25caa3a7b..32bf2ab112 100644 --- a/num/02/05.md +++ b/num/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # Nethanel son of Zuar See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md). - diff --git a/num/02/06.md b/num/02/06.md index 94ccc8c7c7..7b2539257c 100644 --- a/num/02/06.md +++ b/num/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 54,400 men "fifty-four thousand four hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/02/07.md b/num/02/07.md index f17440c66d..753da9fa9f 100644 --- a/num/02/07.md +++ b/num/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # Eliab son of Helon See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/num/02/08.md b/num/02/08.md index b3af76d7f0..2cf13fcbda 100644 --- a/num/02/08.md +++ b/num/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 57,400 "fifty-seven thousand four hundred." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "57,400 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/09.md b/num/02/09.md index 728cdf5747..7470ffb8b4 100644 --- a/num/02/09.md +++ b/num/02/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the three tribes that camp east of the tent of meeting: the tribe # They will set out first This means that when the Israelite camp moves, the camp of Judah will start walking out before the other tribes do. Alternate translation: "When travelling, the camp of Judah will start walking first" or "When the Israelites leave, those tribes will leave first" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/10.md b/num/02/10.md index 0b9cb21c87..11d782fa2b 100644 --- a/num/02/10.md +++ b/num/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "standards" were four larger groups that the tribes were divided into. Each # Elizur son of Shedeur See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md). - diff --git a/num/02/11.md b/num/02/11.md index 99478453d9..0e6a4027e6 100644 --- a/num/02/11.md +++ b/num/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 46,500 "forty-six thousand five hundred." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "46,500 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/12.md b/num/02/12.md index dc4efe9c8e..ae4524a76f 100644 --- a/num/02/12.md +++ b/num/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md). - diff --git a/num/02/13.md b/num/02/13.md index e02c88df7b..0614a86c18 100644 --- a/num/02/13.md +++ b/num/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 59,300 "Fifty-nine thousand three hundred." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "59,300 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/02/14.md b/num/02/14.md index 4a6936e990..2369d320e4 100644 --- a/num/02/14.md +++ b/num/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # Eliasaph son of Deuel See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md). - diff --git a/num/02/15.md b/num/02/15.md index e4ca4e93a6..25a6ba64b6 100644 --- a/num/02/15.md +++ b/num/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 45,650 "forty-five thousand six hundred and fifty." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "45,650 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/16.md b/num/02/16.md index 6ad0fcd2b1..a8cf130de2 100644 --- a/num/02/16.md +++ b/num/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They will set out second This means that when the Israelite camp moves, the camp of Reuben will start walking out after the camp of Judah goes out. Alternate translation: "When travelling, the camp of Reuben will start walking second" or "When the Israelites leave, those tribes will leave next" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/17.md b/num/02/17.md index a19d5cac78..9406971281 100644 --- a/num/02/17.md +++ b/num/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the tent of meeting must be carried by the Levites in the middle # by his banner Each man does not have his own personal banner; rather, this refers to the banner belonging to his tribe. Alternate translation: "by his tribe's banner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/02/18.md b/num/02/18.md index 58a2fd3857..ec1ba3b75f 100644 --- a/num/02/18.md +++ b/num/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # under their standard The "standards" were four larger groups that the tribes were divided into. Each standard was commanded to camp together. The standards were represented by a banner. See how you translated "standards" in [Numbers 2:2](../02/02.md). - diff --git a/num/02/19.md b/num/02/19.md index 7d6bc4bb7d..a58b174711 100644 --- a/num/02/19.md +++ b/num/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 40,500 "Forty thousand five hundred." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "40,500 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/20.md b/num/02/20.md index 8063ed3bef..cfff67247b 100644 --- a/num/02/20.md +++ b/num/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # Next to them This means that the tribe of Manasseh will set out next, after the tribe of Ephraim. - diff --git a/num/02/21.md b/num/02/21.md index de35f9fa32..0f61a86c79 100644 --- a/num/02/21.md +++ b/num/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 32,200 "Thirty-two thousand two hundred." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "32,200 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/22.md b/num/02/22.md index bfa087b896..a413161a30 100644 --- a/num/02/22.md +++ b/num/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # Abidan son of Gideoni See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/num/02/23.md b/num/02/23.md index 606f842d19..1f03e751b4 100644 --- a/num/02/23.md +++ b/num/02/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 35,400 "Thirty-five thousand four hundred." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "35,400 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/24.md b/num/02/24.md index 5a23150205..cedf6e41bd 100644 --- a/num/02/24.md +++ b/num/02/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # They will set out third This means that when the Israelite camp moves, the camp of Ephraim will start walking out after the camp of Judah and the camp of Reuben go out. Alternate translation: "When travelling, the camp of Ephraim will start walking third" or "When the Israelites leave, those tribes will leave next" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/25.md b/num/02/25.md index 7704e98fed..e3904f4bea 100644 --- a/num/02/25.md +++ b/num/02/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The this refers to the divisions of Dan, Asher, and Naphthali that are under the # Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md). - diff --git a/num/02/26.md b/num/02/26.md index 731fd51bad..41cf438b31 100644 --- a/num/02/26.md +++ b/num/02/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 62,700 "Sixty-two thousand seven hundred." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "62,700 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/02/27.md b/num/02/27.md index 9971e635bb..e4c7069000 100644 --- a/num/02/27.md +++ b/num/02/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # Pagiel son of Okran See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md). - diff --git a/num/02/28.md b/num/02/28.md index 240c5290f9..ae4784838f 100644 --- a/num/02/28.md +++ b/num/02/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 41,500 "forty-one thousand five hundred." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "41,500 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/29.md b/num/02/29.md index 4246d96298..112c5a9472 100644 --- a/num/02/29.md +++ b/num/02/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # Ahira son of Enan See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/num/02/30.md b/num/02/30.md index 6552f69b1a..3903557dd6 100644 --- a/num/02/30.md +++ b/num/02/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 53,400 "fifty-three thousand four hundred." This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: "53,400 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/31.md b/num/02/31.md index 1f52e2a120..97c8600dab 100644 --- a/num/02/31.md +++ b/num/02/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around th # All those numbered ... 157,600 "All those numbered ... one hundred and fifty-seven thousand six hundred." This number includes all of the men in the tribes that camped under the standard of Dan. Alternate translation: "The number of the men camped under the standard of Dan is 157,600" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/32.md b/num/02/32.md index bdefa69553..9c41f2bf8b 100644 --- a/num/02/32.md +++ b/num/02/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "their" refers to the people of Israel. # are 603,550 "are six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/02/33.md b/num/02/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/02/33.md +++ b/num/02/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/02/34.md b/num/02/34.md index 6a018859d9..0db8ded94d 100644 --- a/num/02/34.md +++ b/num/02/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They went out from the camp This refers to when they would travel to another place. Alternate translation: "When they traveled, they went out from the camp" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/02/intro.md b/num/02/intro.md index 5429c55753..da9f5580e7 100644 --- a/num/02/intro.md +++ b/num/02/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Camping +### Camping Moses told each tribe where to camp. They were each given a specific area in which to stay. @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Moses told each tribe where to camp. They were each given a specific area in whi * __[Numbers 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/03/01.md b/num/03/01.md index 17bf50be8e..cb826185c3 100644 --- a/num/03/01.md +++ b/num/03/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now Here the author uses the word "now" to shift to telling a new historical account. - diff --git a/num/03/02.md b/num/03/02.md index 22918ce2da..a562bb7c50 100644 --- a/num/03/02.md +++ b/num/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Nadab ... Abihu ... Ithamar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/03/03.md b/num/03/03.md index c6fe659b52..ad1bc1e0fd 100644 --- a/num/03/03.md +++ b/num/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the priests who were anointed and who were ordained This can be stated in active form Alternate translation: "the priests whom Moses anointed and ordained" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/03/04.md b/num/03/04.md index 2c720f217c..3e29c133e5 100644 --- a/num/03/04.md +++ b/num/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Yahweh's presence, meaning that Yahweh saw everything that happen # they offered to him unacceptable fire Here the word "fire" is used to refer to "burning incense." Alternate translation: "they burned an incense offering in a way that Yahweh did not approve of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/03/05.md b/num/03/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/05.md +++ b/num/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/06.md b/num/03/06.md index ce0dd1ac43..87de5d5b3a 100644 --- a/num/03/06.md +++ b/num/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Bring the tribe of Levi Here the word "tribe" refers to the men in the tribe. Alternate translation: "Bring the men of the tribe of Levi" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/03/07.md b/num/03/07.md index 6e41e918fe..cd8968a333 100644 --- a/num/03/07.md +++ b/num/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on behalf of "for." This means to do something for someone else, as a representative for them. - diff --git a/num/03/08.md b/num/03/08.md index e46e8938bb..e253b26a61 100644 --- a/num/03/08.md +++ b/num/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "carry out" means to "serve." Alternate translation: "they must help # tabernacle service "work of the tabernacle" - diff --git a/num/03/09.md b/num/03/09.md index ef9bfd9af2..101b1fe8eb 100644 --- a/num/03/09.md +++ b/num/03/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They are wholly given This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have given them entirely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/03/10.md b/num/03/10.md index 86b1c1d8ba..1744dae240 100644 --- a/num/03/10.md +++ b/num/03/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must kill any for # but any foreigner who comes near The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "but any foreigner who comes near the tabernacle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/03/11.md b/num/03/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/11.md +++ b/num/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/12.md b/num/03/12.md index e612fbb1ea..477e59c8cb 100644 --- a/num/03/12.md +++ b/num/03/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # each firstborn, who opens the womb The phrase "opens the womb" is a way of talking about the first baby being born. Alternate translation: "every firstborn son, the first to come from the womb" - diff --git a/num/03/13.md b/num/03/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/13.md +++ b/num/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/14.md b/num/03/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/14.md +++ b/num/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/15.md b/num/03/15.md index 5908b8c75a..d02ebefb3e 100644 --- a/num/03/15.md +++ b/num/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Count the descendants Yahweh was commanding Moses to only count the male descendants. Alternate translation: "Count the male descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/03/16.md b/num/03/16.md index d056beca1f..bfada8555e 100644 --- a/num/03/16.md +++ b/num/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # following the word of Yahweh, just as he was commanded to do These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize that he obeyed Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/num/03/17.md b/num/03/17.md index 23991b2581..3bede36e5c 100644 --- a/num/03/17.md +++ b/num/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is a list of the descendants of Levi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/03/18.md b/num/03/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/18.md +++ b/num/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/19.md b/num/03/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/19.md +++ b/num/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/20.md b/num/03/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/20.md +++ b/num/03/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/21.md b/num/03/21.md index ecc7ea688b..ef28f033b1 100644 --- a/num/03/21.md +++ b/num/03/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author speaks of "descending" as if it were "coming." Alternate transla # Libnites ... Shimeites ... Gershonites "Libnites" and "Shimeites" are the name of clans, named after the head of their family. The "Gershonites" is the name of people who descended from Gershon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/03/22.md b/num/03/22.md index 93e3e27dc2..ddf65ec2bf 100644 --- a/num/03/22.md +++ b/num/03/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses counted all the # 7,500 "seventy-five hundred" or "seven thousand five hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/03/23.md b/num/03/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/23.md +++ b/num/03/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/24.md b/num/03/24.md index d5e4184275..8e37073554 100644 --- a/num/03/24.md +++ b/num/03/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliasaph ... Lael These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/03/25.md b/num/03/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/25.md +++ b/num/03/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/26.md b/num/03/26.md index 23966ecb24..d7ca6cbd87 100644 --- a/num/03/26.md +++ b/num/03/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the courtyard that surrounds the sanctuary and the altar "that is, the courtyard that surrounds the sanctuary and the altar" - diff --git a/num/03/27.md b/num/03/27.md index 0412968ff3..7917dcf130 100644 --- a/num/03/27.md +++ b/num/03/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a list of clans that descended from Kohath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/t # Kohath See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/num/03/28.md b/num/03/28.md index f96991bda8..f800883ab9 100644 --- a/num/03/28.md +++ b/num/03/28.md @@ -13,6 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses counted 8,600 m # perform the duties of the sanctuary "do all the work connected to the sanctuary" or "take care of everything connected to the sanctuary" or "keeping watch over the sanctuary" See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:53](../01/53.md). - - - diff --git a/num/03/29.md b/num/03/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/29.md +++ b/num/03/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/30.md b/num/03/30.md index 4a6857c76c..f722a3f97c 100644 --- a/num/03/30.md +++ b/num/03/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses give us information about the clans that descended from Kohath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/03/31.md b/num/03/31.md index 57f2a8bb8c..29cfb49437 100644 --- a/num/03/31.md +++ b/num/03/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the holy things that are used in their service This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the holy things which the priests use for service" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/03/32.md b/num/03/32.md index 2e5844a944..ef66aa814e 100644 --- a/num/03/32.md +++ b/num/03/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # perform the duties of the holy place "do all the work connected to the holy place" or "take care of everything connected to the holy place" or "keeping watch over the holy place" See how you translated similar words in [Numbers 1:53](../01/53.md). - diff --git a/num/03/33.md b/num/03/33.md index d240b3976b..5c3e59616d 100644 --- a/num/03/33.md +++ b/num/03/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is a list of clans that descended from Merari. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/03/34.md b/num/03/34.md index 678c374373..2ab438eb53 100644 --- a/num/03/34.md +++ b/num/03/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses counted 6,200 m # 6,200 males "six thousand two hundred males" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/03/35.md b/num/03/35.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/35.md +++ b/num/03/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/36.md b/num/03/36.md index 4acc6b95b1..e7b8a20757 100644 --- a/num/03/36.md +++ b/num/03/36.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The bases held the posts in place. # hardware This means everything used to join the crossbars, posts, and bases together. - diff --git a/num/03/37.md b/num/03/37.md index d96c6b7301..dc12507730 100644 --- a/num/03/37.md +++ b/num/03/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "their" refers to the "pillars and posts." # sockets, pegs, and ropes These are all items used secure the pillars and posts into place. - diff --git a/num/03/38.md b/num/03/38.md index 8daf61076e..3265db3c41 100644 --- a/num/03/38.md +++ b/num/03/38.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the east side of the tabernacle. Alternate translation: "on the east sid # Any foreigner who approaches the sanctuary must be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must kill any foreigner who approaches the sanctuary" or "Any foreigner who approaches the sanctuary must die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/03/39.md b/num/03/39.md index bc0e2d0e84..54c13f064b 100644 --- a/num/03/39.md +++ b/num/03/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty-two thousand men "22,000 men" or "22,000 males" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/03/40.md b/num/03/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/40.md +++ b/num/03/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/41.md b/num/03/41.md index 88d45e2743..a67e6030f8 100644 --- a/num/03/41.md +++ b/num/03/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the livestock of the Levites This refers to all the Levites' livestock. Alternate translation: "you must take all the Levites' livestock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/03/42.md b/num/03/42.md index e31613d93e..3a88bd75b6 100644 --- a/num/03/42.md +++ b/num/03/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the firstborn people "all the firstborn sons" - diff --git a/num/03/43.md b/num/03/43.md index 31def485ac..d3202dcf0f 100644 --- a/num/03/43.md +++ b/num/03/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 22,273 men "twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/03/44.md b/num/03/44.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/44.md +++ b/num/03/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/45.md b/num/03/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/45.md +++ b/num/03/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/46.md b/num/03/46.md index 36612b5ad3..1852beca3f 100644 --- a/num/03/46.md +++ b/num/03/46.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Only the firstborn males were counted. # who exceed the number of the Levites This means that there are 273 more firstborn males among the other tribes of the Israelites than there are total number of Levite males. - diff --git a/num/03/47.md b/num/03/47.md index 2d87df666e..755b33ad9e 100644 --- a/num/03/47.md +++ b/num/03/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the shekel must weight the same as those in the sanctuary. Alter # twenty gerahs "20 gerahs." A gerah is a unit of weight equal to about .57 kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/03/48.md b/num/03/48.md index 0b9f67b6f5..2997f09641 100644 --- a/num/03/48.md +++ b/num/03/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the redemption money that you paid "the money that you collected for their redemption." This refers to the shekels that Moses collected. - diff --git a/num/03/49.md b/num/03/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/03/49.md +++ b/num/03/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/03/50.md b/num/03/50.md index 35b27eaae0..249f016017 100644 --- a/num/03/50.md +++ b/num/03/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 1,365 shekels "one thousand three hundred and sixty-five shekels." A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: "about 15 kilograms of silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/num/03/51.md b/num/03/51.md index 1c573554e3..5f30398a34 100644 --- a/num/03/51.md +++ b/num/03/51.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. ( # he was told to do by Yahweh's word Here "Yahweh's word" refers to Yahweh who spoke to Moses. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Yahweh had told him to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/03/intro.md b/num/03/intro.md index b9b7d872c3..471f5c8e4b 100644 --- a/num/03/intro.md +++ b/num/03/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### The tribe of Levi +### The tribe of Levi The Levites were given a special function in Israel. They belonged to or were specially dedicated to serve Yahweh. They were to be priests, and because of this they were held to a higher standard than the rest of Israel. Only two of Aaron's sons survived because his other two sons offered improper sacrifices. This tribe had a lot of responsibility during this time. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ The Levites were given a special function in Israel. They belonged to or were sp * __[Numbers 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/04/01.md b/num/04/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/04/01.md +++ b/num/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/04/02.md b/num/04/02.md index 7a00a6107e..a6a3af416e 100644 --- a/num/04/02.md +++ b/num/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kohath See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/num/04/03.md b/num/04/03.md index 7cde87b10e..4969c65c8b 100644 --- a/num/04/03.md +++ b/num/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # join the company The word "company" refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. - diff --git a/num/04/04.md b/num/04/04.md index e9f21da4bf..4e4083c72b 100644 --- a/num/04/04.md +++ b/num/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # reserved for me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I have specially selected for myself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/04/05.md b/num/04/05.md index eb6ee34923..1668527c7d 100644 --- a/num/04/05.md +++ b/num/04/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the curtain that kept people from being able to see into the most # cover the ark of the testimony with it The word "it" refers to the curtain that separated the most holy place from the holy place. - diff --git a/num/04/06.md b/num/04/06.md index 6a1833d181..5a566916c1 100644 --- a/num/04/06.md +++ b/num/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # insert the poles The poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the ark so that the poles could be used to carry the ark. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "insert the poles into the rings on the ark's sides" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/04/07.md b/num/04/07.md index c7a760c636..4e7b104e69 100644 --- a/num/04/07.md +++ b/num/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "it" refers to the blue cloth. # Bread must always continue to be There must always be bread" - diff --git a/num/04/08.md b/num/04/08.md index f395f055dd..f02ca75118 100644 --- a/num/04/08.md +++ b/num/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to "the dishes, spoons, bowls, and jars" (verse 7). # insert poles The poles were inserted into rings on the corners of the table so that the poles could be used to carry the table. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "insert poles into the rings at the corners of the table" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/04/09.md b/num/04/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/04/09.md +++ b/num/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/04/10.md b/num/04/10.md index 313e74e3f3..eb8e8ae51c 100644 --- a/num/04/10.md +++ b/num/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they must put it on a carrying frame "they must place all of these things on a frame for carrying them" - diff --git a/num/04/11.md b/num/04/11.md index 23a38d72d8..2d057b5788 100644 --- a/num/04/11.md +++ b/num/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # insert the carrying poles The poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the altar so theys could be used to carry it. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "insert the carrying poles into the rings one the sides of the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/04/12.md b/num/04/12.md index b7855db9c1..6a0da95352 100644 --- a/num/04/12.md +++ b/num/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a wooden rectangle made with poles used to carry things # for the ministry The word "ministry" is an abstract noun that can be expressed with the verb "serving." Alternate translation: "used when serving Yahweh in the holy place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/04/13.md b/num/04/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/04/13.md +++ b/num/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/04/14.md b/num/04/14.md index 2c4f66cb65..469bcad4fa 100644 --- a/num/04/14.md +++ b/num/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "work" is an abstract noun that can be expressed with the verb "serving # insert the carrying poles The poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the altar so they could be used to carry it. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "insert the carrying poles into the rings on the sides of the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/04/15.md b/num/04/15.md index 624d0dce80..0385c02874 100644 --- a/num/04/15.md +++ b/num/04/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). # the holy instruments "the holy equipment" - diff --git a/num/04/16.md b/num/04/16.md index 5db25f1d2d..3fdc284015 100644 --- a/num/04/16.md +++ b/num/04/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "light" is used to refer to the "lamps." Alternate translation: "t # the care of Here the abstract noun "care" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "those who care for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/04/17.md b/num/04/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/04/17.md +++ b/num/04/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/04/18.md b/num/04/18.md index de6649bfd3..87107e457f 100644 --- a/num/04/18.md +++ b/num/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be cut off from among the Levites This phrase refers to the death of the Kohathites. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to do anything that will cause me to completely remove them from among the Levites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/04/19.md b/num/04/19.md index 52611d795a..945680fbb0 100644 --- a/num/04/19.md +++ b/num/04/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to what Yahweh says next. Moses will protect the Kohathites b # his work ... his responsibility These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/num/04/20.md b/num/04/20.md index 99c6d85377..7649618ab1 100644 --- a/num/04/20.md +++ b/num/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kohathites This refers to the descendants of Kohath. See how you translated this in [Numbers 3:27](../03/27.md). - diff --git a/num/04/21.md b/num/04/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/04/21.md +++ b/num/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/04/22.md b/num/04/22.md index 6a83a8ceb1..509afe2808 100644 --- a/num/04/22.md +++ b/num/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers only to men. Alternate translation: "of the male descendants of Gers # Gershon See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/num/04/23.md b/num/04/23.md index ea63533ef3..2c868b3b6d 100644 --- a/num/04/23.md +++ b/num/04/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word "company" refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/num/04/24.md b/num/04/24.md index 2c9b949a40..acf7681ccd 100644 --- a/num/04/24.md +++ b/num/04/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This sentence is a description that tells us what the following verses are about # Gershonites This refers to the descendants of Gershon. See how you translated this in [Numbers 3:21](../03/21.md). - diff --git a/num/04/25.md b/num/04/25.md index 6bdd2611bd..a81dbe18a0 100644 --- a/num/04/25.md +++ b/num/04/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the covering of fine leather hides that is on it This is an outer covering that is placed on top of the tent of meeting's covering. Alternate translation: "the covering of fine leather hides that is placed on top of that" or "the outer covering made of fine leather hides" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/04/26.md b/num/04/26.md index 2e53ae0950..917d77ad22 100644 --- a/num/04/26.md +++ b/num/04/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whatever should be done with these things This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Whatever work that these things require" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/04/27.md b/num/04/27.md index 60820db82d..1d740bfe00 100644 --- a/num/04/27.md +++ b/num/04/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must direct all the service of the descendants of the Gershonites "must tell the descendants of the Gershonites how they are to serve Yahweh in the tent of meeting" - diff --git a/num/04/28.md b/num/04/28.md index f69d722117..f0b091c5e4 100644 --- a/num/04/28.md +++ b/num/04/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "service" is an abstract noun that can be expressed by a verb. Her # Ithamar See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:2](../01/02.md). - diff --git a/num/04/29.md b/num/04/29.md index e321b06a27..091150b10e 100644 --- a/num/04/29.md +++ b/num/04/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). # order them "list them" - diff --git a/num/04/30.md b/num/04/30.md index c9ce3334eb..be91c8282a 100644 --- a/num/04/30.md +++ b/num/04/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # join the company and serve in the tent of meeting The word "company" refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/num/04/31.md b/num/04/31.md index 9c72ab48c5..d4a76efed2 100644 --- a/num/04/31.md +++ b/num/04/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # crossbars, posts, and sockets These are all parts of the framing of the tabernacle. See how you translated all of these parts in [Numbers 3:36-37](../03/36.md). - diff --git a/num/04/32.md b/num/04/32.md index 066b96b7c3..9ce4266495 100644 --- a/num/04/32.md +++ b/num/04/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are all parts of the framing of the tabernacle. See how you translated all # List by name the articles they must carry "List by each man's name the articles he must carry" - diff --git a/num/04/33.md b/num/04/33.md index dbb09121c5..aaf4ac521b 100644 --- a/num/04/33.md +++ b/num/04/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "direction" is an abstract noun that is expressed by a verb. Alternate # Ithamar See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:2](../01/02.md). - diff --git a/num/04/34.md b/num/04/34.md index c0924f4e7f..aed7de3701 100644 --- a/num/04/34.md +++ b/num/04/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The refers to men. Alternate translation: "the male descendants of the Kohathite # Kohathites This refers to the descendants of Kohath. See how you translated this in [Numbers 3:27](../03/27.md). - diff --git a/num/04/35.md b/num/04/35.md index 2bd5d94838..1ffc3506b3 100644 --- a/num/04/35.md +++ b/num/04/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "would" does not mean that the men "chose" to join the company but # join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word "company" refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/num/04/36.md b/num/04/36.md index 46131a24d4..20fb79bf1f 100644 --- a/num/04/36.md +++ b/num/04/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 2,750 men "two thousand seven hundred and fifty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/04/37.md b/num/04/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/04/37.md +++ b/num/04/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/04/38.md b/num/04/38.md index f95b51d3c4..a376e5668d 100644 --- a/num/04/38.md +++ b/num/04/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the men. Alternate translation: "The male descendants of Gershon" # The descendants of Gershon were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses and Aaron counted the descendants of Gershon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/04/39.md b/num/04/39.md index a595154b7a..743c1eb3b9 100644 --- a/num/04/39.md +++ b/num/04/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "would" does not mean that the men "chose" to join the company but # join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word "company" refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/num/04/40.md b/num/04/40.md index c7894ef728..f58e410cb7 100644 --- a/num/04/40.md +++ b/num/04/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Moses and Aaron # 2,630 "two thousand six hundred and thirty." This refers to 2,630 men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/04/41.md b/num/04/41.md index 6a2adf18b0..5560b4cc5c 100644 --- a/num/04/41.md +++ b/num/04/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they obeyed The word "they" refers to Moses and Aaron. - diff --git a/num/04/42.md b/num/04/42.md index c1c8166832..f0d6cfecfe 100644 --- a/num/04/42.md +++ b/num/04/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The descendants of Merari were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses and Aaron counted the descendants of Merari" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/04/43.md b/num/04/43.md index a595154b7a..743c1eb3b9 100644 --- a/num/04/43.md +++ b/num/04/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "would" does not mean that the men "chose" to join the company but # join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word "company" refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/num/04/44.md b/num/04/44.md index 1cef9e34e5..92d5f72bda 100644 --- a/num/04/44.md +++ b/num/04/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Moses and Aaron # numbered 3,200 "numbered three thousand two hundred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/04/45.md b/num/04/45.md index d8e439c23e..e8bb353921 100644 --- a/num/04/45.md +++ b/num/04/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to Yahweh's command that came by the hand of Moses These words are a metaphor for the authority that God had given Moses. Alternate translation: "to the command Moses received from Yahweh and gave to Aaron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/04/46.md b/num/04/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/04/46.md +++ b/num/04/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/04/47.md b/num/04/47.md index 058c7a0545..2ee1f5cc75 100644 --- a/num/04/47.md +++ b/num/04/47.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to men. Alternate translation: "men from thirty to fifty" (See: [[rc # from thirty to fifty "from 30 to 50" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/04/48.md b/num/04/48.md index b070a5e52a..b2a8b95b67 100644 --- a/num/04/48.md +++ b/num/04/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 8,580 men "eight thousand five hundred and eighty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/04/49.md b/num/04/49.md index 72cdc22590..97d3912cfe 100644 --- a/num/04/49.md +++ b/num/04/49.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "by his type of work a # they obeyed what Yahweh had commanded them Here "they" and "them" refer to Moses and Aaron. - diff --git a/num/04/intro.md b/num/04/intro.md index b0966e12bc..d2e6584e46 100644 --- a/num/04/intro.md +++ b/num/04/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Counting the Levites by clans +### Counting the Levites by clans Moses gave special instructions for each of the families of the tribes of Levi. Each family was given a special role in the ministry of the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Moses gave special instructions for each of the families of the tribes of Levi. * __[Numbers 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/05/01.md b/num/05/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/05/01.md +++ b/num/05/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/05/02.md b/num/05/02.md index 7a52f9603d..b3782c3a2d 100644 --- a/num/05/02.md +++ b/num/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to an open cut that has been leaking fluids for a long time. # whoever is unclean through touching a dead body If a person touched a dead body they were considered unclean. A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/05/03.md b/num/05/03.md index 6b0b4b27b0..7c9e2d7579 100644 --- a/num/05/03.md +++ b/num/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you must send Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/num/05/04.md b/num/05/04.md index b8ad089966..c7b0df88a0 100644 --- a/num/05/04.md +++ b/num/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The people of Israel did so This means that they sent the unclean people away. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "The people of Israel sent those who were unclean out of the camp" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/05/05.md b/num/05/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/05/05.md +++ b/num/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/05/06.md b/num/05/06.md index 87b8bffc3a..caa2e00baf 100644 --- a/num/05/06.md +++ b/num/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # is unfaithful to me If someone sins against another person, it means that they have also sinned against Yahweh and Yahweh considers that person as unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: "they have also wronged me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/05/07.md b/num/05/07.md index 0499dff738..99e2b5ccac 100644 --- a/num/05/07.md +++ b/num/05/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means the person must pay an extra one-fifth of the price that he owes. # one-fifth This is one part out of five equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/num/05/08.md b/num/05/08.md index 512ad65c03..e1bc8ce014 100644 --- a/num/05/08.md +++ b/num/05/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ If a person made a payment to a priest to pay for his guilt it was the same as i # to atone for himself The atonement is made for the man's sin. Here Yahweh refers to the man's sin as the man who committed it. Alternate translation: "to atone for his sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/05/09.md b/num/05/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/05/09.md +++ b/num/05/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/05/10.md b/num/05/10.md index a8243a285c..7fb5dfd8fa 100644 --- a/num/05/10.md +++ b/num/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The offerings of every person will be for the priest; if anyone gives anything to the priest, it will belong to him These two phrases mean basically the same thing and may be combined to state that the offerings that someone gives belong to the priest to whom they have been given. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/num/05/11.md b/num/05/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/05/11.md +++ b/num/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/05/12.md b/num/05/12.md index a93582ba7a..2cee25e254 100644 --- a/num/05/12.md +++ b/num/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that she goes away from him and is unfaithful to him. Alternate trans # is unfaithful to her husband This means that she is unfaithful to her husband and and sins against him by having sexual relations with another man. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "sins against her husband by having sexual relations with another man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/05/13.md b/num/05/13.md index 319c8a7536..1665b3daef 100644 --- a/num/05/13.md +++ b/num/05/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the woman who turns away and sins against her husband ([Numbers 5:12](../05/12.m # in the act This refers to the act of adultery. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "in the act of adultery" or "sleeping with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/05/14.md b/num/05/14.md index c39e94bbf4..e120ad075f 100644 --- a/num/05/14.md +++ b/num/05/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude and emotions. His "jealousl # a spirit of jealousy might falsely come on a man Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude and emotions. The idea of the spirit "coming on him" means that he began to have these jealous feelings. Alternate translation: "a man might feel jealous for no reason" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/05/15.md b/num/05/15.md index fa6ccfe5fe..4fd2656927 100644 --- a/num/05/15.md +++ b/num/05/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "a tenth of a # a reminder of the iniquity A "reminder" is something that shows evidence that something had occurred that required justice. In this case, he made the offering to determine whether his wife had committed adultery or not. - diff --git a/num/05/16.md b/num/05/16.md index 280b28d7cf..2e6d6a5261 100644 --- a/num/05/16.md +++ b/num/05/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began # near and place her before Yahweh "in the presence of Yahweh." The priest would bring her near the altar. Alternate translation: "near the altar and place her in the presence of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/05/17.md b/num/05/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/05/17.md +++ b/num/05/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/05/18.md b/num/05/18.md index 17c311b9e9..08541c3322 100644 --- a/num/05/18.md +++ b/num/05/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began # grain offering of jealousy See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 5:15](../05/15.md). - diff --git a/num/05/19.md b/num/05/19.md index 93e796052d..a8b8091424 100644 --- a/num/05/19.md +++ b/num/05/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase to "be free" from something means to not be harmed by it. Alternate t # this bitter water that can bring a curse Here the bitter water is described as being able to bring a curse. This means that when the woman drinks the water it cause her to be unable to bear children, if she is guilty. Alternate translation: "this bitter water can be a curse to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/num/05/20.md b/num/05/20.md index 04b28741dd..427df41b18 100644 --- a/num/05/20.md +++ b/num/05/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began # have gone astray The words "gone astray" is an idiom that means "to be unfaithful." Alternate translation: "have been unfaithful to your husband" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/05/21.md b/num/05/21.md index 769422ef93..aa809215bb 100644 --- a/num/05/21.md +++ b/num/05/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that he will show to # your thigh to waste away and your abdomen to swell Here the word "thigh" is a polite way of referring to the woman's womb or her private parts. Possible meanings are 1) that the woman will become unable to have children or 2) that the woman's pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die. Alternate translation: "your womb to be useless and your abdomen to swell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/num/05/23.md b/num/05/23.md index b71ea4eb30..a8b83a97f1 100644 --- a/num/05/23.md +++ b/num/05/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that he is to wash the ink off of the scroll. # the written curses This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the curses he has written" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/05/24.md b/num/05/24.md index ee2c496267..c2adb2031f 100644 --- a/num/05/24.md +++ b/num/05/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Verse 24 explains in a general way what the priest must do and what is expected # Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens. - diff --git a/num/05/25.md b/num/05/25.md index d67dee8f59..c313143014 100644 --- a/num/05/25.md +++ b/num/05/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # grain offering of jealousy "a grain offering for jealousy." See how you translated this in [Numbers 5:15](../05/15.md). - diff --git a/num/05/26.md b/num/05/26.md index ae2c8f7911..867305e282 100644 --- a/num/05/26.md +++ b/num/05/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a representative offering The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh. - diff --git a/num/05/27.md b/num/05/27.md index 7ae7239e80..914c95d67e 100644 --- a/num/05/27.md +++ b/num/05/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that the woman will become unable to have children or 2 # The woman will be cursed among her people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Her people will curse her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/05/28.md b/num/05/28.md index 49d9e3e2fb..2c6ff007f5 100644 --- a/num/05/28.md +++ b/num/05/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "then she will not be cursed" or 2) "then she is free f # conceive children "become pregnant" - diff --git a/num/05/29.md b/num/05/29.md index 1d40a0d033..3ae5fb22da 100644 --- a/num/05/29.md +++ b/num/05/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "goes astray from" is an idiom that means "is unfaithful to." Alternat # is defiled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "defiles herself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/05/30.md b/num/05/30.md index 0c32aba559..4d827657e4 100644 --- a/num/05/30.md +++ b/num/05/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that means that he suspects that his wife has been unfaithful t # before Yahweh "in the presence of Yahweh" - diff --git a/num/05/31.md b/num/05/31.md index b33a882671..f50005c374 100644 --- a/num/05/31.md +++ b/num/05/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began # must bear "must endure" - diff --git a/num/05/intro.md b/num/05/intro.md index 2b28a1ea9a..d0b60a57f8 100644 --- a/num/05/intro.md +++ b/num/05/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Numbers 05 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Israel's camp +### Israel's camp Israel's entire camp was to be a "clean" place. This meant that people who could not be made acceptable to God were not allowed inside the camp. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) -#### Vengeance +### Vengeance + There are several laws in this chapter regarding restitution. These laws were meant to limit the ways in which people who had been wronged could seek to be compensated. These laws were intended to make it difficult for such people to avenge a wrong when they were angry. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ There are several laws in this chapter regarding restitution. These laws were me * __[Numbers 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/06/01.md b/num/06/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/06/01.md +++ b/num/06/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/06/02.md b/num/06/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/06/02.md +++ b/num/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/06/03.md b/num/06/03.md index 15270c6c7b..eede41a043 100644 --- a/num/06/03.md +++ b/num/06/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a drink produced when wine and other strong drinks ferment too long and become s # raisins dried grapes - diff --git a/num/06/04.md b/num/06/04.md index d187b8b2e2..6c7b0f74b1 100644 --- a/num/06/04.md +++ b/num/06/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "grape vine" is a metonym for the grapes that grow on the vine. This ca # from the seeds to the skins These two extremes are given to emphasize the entire grape may not be eaten. Alternate translation: "from any part of a grape" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/num/06/05.md b/num/06/05.md index 1a64acf7a7..bff1952fee 100644 --- a/num/06/05.md +++ b/num/06/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to Yahweh are complet # He must be set apart to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He must set himself apart to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/06/06.md b/num/06/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/06/06.md +++ b/num/06/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/06/07.md b/num/06/07.md index 48fc2e7175..698dbd6f37 100644 --- a/num/06/07.md +++ b/num/06/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person # he is consecrated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he has consecrated himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/06/08.md b/num/06/08.md index b598a3649d..3f7eb70602 100644 --- a/num/06/08.md +++ b/num/06/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "consecration" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translati # reserved for Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he has reserved himself for Yahweh" or "set apart for Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/06/09.md b/num/06/09.md index e5f0159284..cbc18aff0e 100644 --- a/num/06/09.md +++ b/num/06/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "head" represents the Nazirite man's hair, which symbolizes his vow. Altern # the seventh day "day 7" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/num/06/10.md b/num/06/10.md index 89d73bae12..2d748fa9ca 100644 --- a/num/06/10.md +++ b/num/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the eighth day "day 8" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/num/06/11.md b/num/06/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/06/11.md +++ b/num/06/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/06/12.md b/num/06/12.md index 81225d338d..f60c3cd5f8 100644 --- a/num/06/12.md +++ b/num/06/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He must not count the # his consecration was defiled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he defiled himself" or "he made himself unacceptable" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/06/13.md b/num/06/13.md index 30206346dc..3f6e03f5d9 100644 --- a/num/06/13.md +++ b/num/06/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "consecration" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translati # He must be brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone must bring him" or "He must go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/06/14.md b/num/06/14.md index 2136f604a4..bc60781ad1 100644 --- a/num/06/14.md +++ b/num/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He must present his offering to Yahweh He must bring his offering to the priest to be sacrificed to Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest to be sacrificed" or "He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest who will sacrifice it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/06/15.md b/num/06/15.md index 335f322054..af5f7bf0a6 100644 --- a/num/06/15.md +++ b/num/06/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ small pieces of flat bread # together with their grain offering and drink offerings The word "their" refers to the other offerings that the Nazirite man was told to bring. Often grain offerings and drink offerings were required to accompany other types of sacrifices. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "together with the grain offering and drink offering that Yahweh required to accompany the other offerings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/06/16.md b/num/06/16.md index 9489fdb148..9601608c34 100644 --- a/num/06/16.md +++ b/num/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He must offer his sin offering "He" refers to the priest and "his" refers to the man who took a vow. - diff --git a/num/06/17.md b/num/06/17.md index d6bd9e1e7e..219d2a2fec 100644 --- a/num/06/17.md +++ b/num/06/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The priest must present also ... drink offering You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "The priest must present also ... the drink offering to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/06/18.md b/num/06/18.md index 5d34997cae..64bb8e8ae2 100644 --- a/num/06/18.md +++ b/num/06/18.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # his consecrated head -"his head, on which he had grown out his hair to show that he had consecrated himself to Yahweh" \ No newline at end of file +"his head, on which he had grown out his hair to show that he had consecrated himself to Yahweh" diff --git a/num/06/19.md b/num/06/19.md index bcb1494fe7..5cc15970c0 100644 --- a/num/06/19.md +++ b/num/06/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that he had boiled the ram's shoulder. This can be stated in active f # his consecrated hair "the hair he grew out to show that he had consecrated himself to Yahweh" - diff --git a/num/06/20.md b/num/06/20.md index 6ae6ecd504..facebe7876 100644 --- a/num/06/20.md +++ b/num/06/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ After handing the items to the Nazirite, the priest takes them back to offer the # that was waved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the priest waved" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/06/21.md b/num/06/21.md index cef84b04e9..d1ac660c7f 100644 --- a/num/06/21.md +++ b/num/06/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize th # he promise indicated by the law of his consecration This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the promise that the law for his consecration indicates" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/06/22.md b/num/06/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/06/22.md +++ b/num/06/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/06/23.md b/num/06/23.md index 424b247709..4b782fdcb1 100644 --- a/num/06/23.md +++ b/num/06/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must bless the people of Israel "You" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/num/06/24.md b/num/06/24.md index d70e13b540..4cb4f0ac28 100644 --- a/num/06/24.md +++ b/num/06/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # keep you This is an idiom. Here "keep" means to "protect." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/06/25.md b/num/06/25.md index b28cd554a0..fc8a252823 100644 --- a/num/06/25.md +++ b/num/06/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom which means to have kind intentions towards someone. It can als # on you ... to you Here "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/num/06/26.md b/num/06/26.md index 73ba2b20ac..e5cf40628f 100644 --- a/num/06/26.md +++ b/num/06/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the phrase "look on" means to show a certain attitude towards that person. # on you ... give you Here "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/num/06/27.md b/num/06/27.md index c46b720209..5d801cbd96 100644 --- a/num/06/27.md +++ b/num/06/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they must give my name Here Yahweh speaks about claiming the Israelites as his own by saying that he is giving them "his name." Alternate translation: "they must let the people of Israel know that they are mine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/06/intro.md b/num/06/intro.md index 03cfb0654e..a78b34e1ab 100644 --- a/num/06/intro.md +++ b/num/06/intro.md @@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ # Numbers 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Nazirite vow +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Nazirite vow + The Nazirite vow was a special type of vow between a person and Yahweh. This chapter gives the rules for people to be consecrated to God as Nazirites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]]) ## Links: @@ -9,4 +11,3 @@ The Nazirite vow was a special type of vow between a person and Yahweh. This cha * __[Numbers 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/07/01.md b/num/07/01.md index 713b1bfbe5..59248741fc 100644 --- a/num/07/01.md +++ b/num/07/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Moses completed the tabernacle "Moses finished setting up the tabernacle" - diff --git a/num/07/02.md b/num/07/02.md index f1682da85f..b44c7c4cbe 100644 --- a/num/07/02.md +++ b/num/07/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the leaders of the families are referred to as "heads." Alternate translati # had overseen the counting of the men The abstract noun "counting" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "had helped Aaron and Moses to count the men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/07/03.md b/num/07/03.md index 688a3d094a..4dcf06998c 100644 --- a/num/07/03.md +++ b/num/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that they gave their offerings to Yahweh and brought them to the tabe # six covered carts and twelve oxen "6 covered carts and 12 oxen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/07/04.md b/num/07/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/04.md +++ b/num/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/05.md b/num/07/05.md index 5df6c47b35..364e4ff5ec 100644 --- a/num/07/05.md +++ b/num/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to each one as his work needs them "to each man as he needs them for his work" - diff --git a/num/07/06.md b/num/07/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/06.md +++ b/num/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/07.md b/num/07/07.md index fe96be6da6..c4630143cf 100644 --- a/num/07/07.md +++ b/num/07/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). # because of what their work needed "because it was what they needed to do their work" - diff --git a/num/07/08.md b/num/07/08.md index 5b0bc68e13..f4fadb148c 100644 --- a/num/07/08.md +++ b/num/07/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Moses. # because of what their work required "because it was what they needed to do their work" - diff --git a/num/07/09.md b/num/07/09.md index ebc086964c..5c48f557e7 100644 --- a/num/07/09.md +++ b/num/07/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). # the things that belong to Yahweh You can make explicit the implicit meaning of what belongs to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the things that Yahweh reserved for the tabernacle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/07/10.md b/num/07/10.md index 14a838302a..09cfe36f36 100644 --- a/num/07/10.md +++ b/num/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # offered their goods "offered gifts" - diff --git a/num/07/11.md b/num/07/11.md index 3113742966..55bebb2a0e 100644 --- a/num/07/11.md +++ b/num/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Each leader must offer on his own day his sacrifice "Each day, one leader must offer his sacrifice" - diff --git a/num/07/12.md b/num/07/12.md index 0c492815d1..72e4ae3fe2 100644 --- a/num/07/12.md +++ b/num/07/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Nahshon son of Amminadab These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md) - diff --git a/num/07/13.md b/num/07/13.md index e279e8d35e..43a42c65cd 100644 --- a/num/07/13.md +++ b/num/07/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/14.md b/num/07/14.md index 5295f8b125..d33dd0ffcd 100644 --- a/num/07/14.md +++ b/num/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish that weighed ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "one gold dish that weighed one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish that weighed 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/15.md b/num/07/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/15.md +++ b/num/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/16.md b/num/07/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/16.md +++ b/num/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/17.md b/num/07/17.md index ac60df8454..3bc927f51c 100644 --- a/num/07/17.md +++ b/num/07/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Nahshon son of Amminadab See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/num/07/18.md b/num/07/18.md index 2c07e67a18..2216e1bd31 100644 --- a/num/07/18.md +++ b/num/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Nethanel son of Zuar See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md). - diff --git a/num/07/19.md b/num/07/19.md index ea929d6172..6c630d5800 100644 --- a/num/07/19.md +++ b/num/07/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/20.md b/num/07/20.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/20.md +++ b/num/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/21.md b/num/07/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/21.md +++ b/num/07/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/22.md b/num/07/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/22.md +++ b/num/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/23.md b/num/07/23.md index 9cb17c8346..b79baedf67 100644 --- a/num/07/23.md +++ b/num/07/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Nethanel son of Zuar See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md). - diff --git a/num/07/24.md b/num/07/24.md index 9b373fa452..cce54682eb 100644 --- a/num/07/24.md +++ b/num/07/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Eliab son of Helon See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/num/07/25.md b/num/07/25.md index ea929d6172..6c630d5800 100644 --- a/num/07/25.md +++ b/num/07/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/26.md b/num/07/26.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/26.md +++ b/num/07/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/27.md b/num/07/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/27.md +++ b/num/07/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/28.md b/num/07/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/28.md +++ b/num/07/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/29.md b/num/07/29.md index 8cf4041ffa..9da97b5ed8 100644 --- a/num/07/29.md +++ b/num/07/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Eliab son of Helon See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/num/07/30.md b/num/07/30.md index 12ae2f5be9..eff8bbf707 100644 --- a/num/07/30.md +++ b/num/07/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Elizur son of Shedeur See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md). - diff --git a/num/07/31.md b/num/07/31.md index ea929d6172..6c630d5800 100644 --- a/num/07/31.md +++ b/num/07/31.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/32.md b/num/07/32.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/32.md +++ b/num/07/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/33.md b/num/07/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/33.md +++ b/num/07/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/34.md b/num/07/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/34.md +++ b/num/07/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/35.md b/num/07/35.md index 4b32619afe..bd4fb9752c 100644 --- a/num/07/35.md +++ b/num/07/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Elizur son of Shedeur See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md). - diff --git a/num/07/36.md b/num/07/36.md index 4d73b1f825..6207b2ba4a 100644 --- a/num/07/36.md +++ b/num/07/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md). - diff --git a/num/07/37.md b/num/07/37.md index ea929d6172..6c630d5800 100644 --- a/num/07/37.md +++ b/num/07/37.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/38.md b/num/07/38.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/38.md +++ b/num/07/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/39.md b/num/07/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/39.md +++ b/num/07/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/40.md b/num/07/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/40.md +++ b/num/07/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/41.md b/num/07/41.md index 0a1a290699..9bb66e0e5e 100644 --- a/num/07/41.md +++ b/num/07/41.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md). - diff --git a/num/07/42.md b/num/07/42.md index 376590356b..b9f7f2c503 100644 --- a/num/07/42.md +++ b/num/07/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Eliasaph son of Deuel See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md). - diff --git a/num/07/43.md b/num/07/43.md index ea929d6172..6c630d5800 100644 --- a/num/07/43.md +++ b/num/07/43.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/44.md b/num/07/44.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/44.md +++ b/num/07/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/45.md b/num/07/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/45.md +++ b/num/07/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/46.md b/num/07/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/46.md +++ b/num/07/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/47.md b/num/07/47.md index 93f84858d6..d2a501e638 100644 --- a/num/07/47.md +++ b/num/07/47.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Eliasaph son of Deuel See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md). - diff --git a/num/07/48.md b/num/07/48.md index 0679a72719..062109dd77 100644 --- a/num/07/48.md +++ b/num/07/48.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Elishama son of Ammihud See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). - diff --git a/num/07/49.md b/num/07/49.md index ea929d6172..6c630d5800 100644 --- a/num/07/49.md +++ b/num/07/49.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/50.md b/num/07/50.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/50.md +++ b/num/07/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/51.md b/num/07/51.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/51.md +++ b/num/07/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/52.md b/num/07/52.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/52.md +++ b/num/07/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/53.md b/num/07/53.md index 0f47be7c36..e1085244ff 100644 --- a/num/07/53.md +++ b/num/07/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Elishama son of Ammihud See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). - diff --git a/num/07/54.md b/num/07/54.md index e19e6a8064..77ed99a033 100644 --- a/num/07/54.md +++ b/num/07/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Gamaliel son of Pedahzur See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). - diff --git a/num/07/55.md b/num/07/55.md index ea929d6172..6c630d5800 100644 --- a/num/07/55.md +++ b/num/07/55.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/56.md b/num/07/56.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/56.md +++ b/num/07/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/57.md b/num/07/57.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/57.md +++ b/num/07/57.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/58.md b/num/07/58.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/58.md +++ b/num/07/58.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/59.md b/num/07/59.md index 2cdd130a37..530bccecf6 100644 --- a/num/07/59.md +++ b/num/07/59.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Gamaliel son of Pedahzur See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). - diff --git a/num/07/60.md b/num/07/60.md index 6465132490..b382e62670 100644 --- a/num/07/60.md +++ b/num/07/60.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abidan son of Gideoni See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/num/07/61.md b/num/07/61.md index 6aeef2b2a6..5aab082e95 100644 --- a/num/07/61.md +++ b/num/07/61.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mingled with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/62.md b/num/07/62.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/62.md +++ b/num/07/62.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/63.md b/num/07/63.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/63.md +++ b/num/07/63.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/64.md b/num/07/64.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/64.md +++ b/num/07/64.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/65.md b/num/07/65.md index 12be4bd7a2..3d097fd29f 100644 --- a/num/07/65.md +++ b/num/07/65.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Abidan son of Gideoni See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/num/07/66.md b/num/07/66.md index 271e7405b7..8e5e4ad00a 100644 --- a/num/07/66.md +++ b/num/07/66.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md). - diff --git a/num/07/67.md b/num/07/67.md index ea929d6172..6c630d5800 100644 --- a/num/07/67.md +++ b/num/07/67.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/68.md b/num/07/68.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/68.md +++ b/num/07/68.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/69.md b/num/07/69.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/69.md +++ b/num/07/69.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/70.md b/num/07/70.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/70.md +++ b/num/07/70.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/71.md b/num/07/71.md index 0d58275867..ff6e1419d5 100644 --- a/num/07/71.md +++ b/num/07/71.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md). - diff --git a/num/07/72.md b/num/07/72.md index a929198be7..4d05755e40 100644 --- a/num/07/72.md +++ b/num/07/72.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Pagiel son of Okran See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md). - diff --git a/num/07/73.md b/num/07/73.md index 6aeef2b2a6..5aab082e95 100644 --- a/num/07/73.md +++ b/num/07/73.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mingled with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/74.md b/num/07/74.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/74.md +++ b/num/07/74.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/75.md b/num/07/75.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/75.md +++ b/num/07/75.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/76.md b/num/07/76.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/76.md +++ b/num/07/76.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/77.md b/num/07/77.md index 9357f6f61f..f38af323b5 100644 --- a/num/07/77.md +++ b/num/07/77.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # This was the sacrifice of Pagiel son of Okran "This was what Pagiel son of Okran gave as a sacrifice." "Pagiel" and "Okran" were names of men. See how you translated their names in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/07/78.md b/num/07/78.md index fe4e1eec35..3902ad9831 100644 --- a/num/07/78.md +++ b/num/07/78.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Ahira son of Enan See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/num/07/79.md b/num/07/79.md index ea929d6172..6c630d5800 100644 --- a/num/07/79.md +++ b/num/07/79.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour that he had mixed with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/80.md b/num/07/80.md index 55ac6e5c37..dfa02cbac1 100644 --- a/num/07/80.md +++ b/num/07/80.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram" or "one gold dish weighting 110 grams" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/07/81.md b/num/07/81.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/81.md +++ b/num/07/81.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/82.md b/num/07/82.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/07/82.md +++ b/num/07/82.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/07/83.md b/num/07/83.md index 4d1c5826de..3c8d1ff9b1 100644 --- a/num/07/83.md +++ b/num/07/83.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # Ahira son of Enan See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/num/07/84.md b/num/07/84.md index a681026545..b7221f6b01 100644 --- a/num/07/84.md +++ b/num/07/84.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "set apart" means to be dedicated to a specific purpose. In this case # on the day that it was anointed Here the word "day" refers to a general period of time. The leaders of Israel dedicated these things over the course of 12 days. You may need to translate this in active form. Alternate translation: "when Moses anointed the altar" ((See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])) - diff --git a/num/07/85.md b/num/07/85.md index eed4647fce..35b84c13be 100644 --- a/num/07/85.md +++ b/num/07/85.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use # the silver vessels This refers to all of the offerings that were made of silver, both the platters and the bowls. - diff --git a/num/07/86.md b/num/07/86.md index a57f166927..740fc96701 100644 --- a/num/07/86.md +++ b/num/07/86.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # 120 shekels "one hundred and twenty shekels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/07/87.md b/num/07/87.md index 1c2f3ea063..a33fd3fd57 100644 --- a/num/07/87.md +++ b/num/07/87.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twelve "12." This number may be written with a numeral instead of with a word. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/07/88.md b/num/07/88.md index 5fb9711f1a..cd4385a33e 100644 --- a/num/07/88.md +++ b/num/07/88.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # after it was anointed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after Moses had anointed it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/07/89.md b/num/07/89.md index 899cf452a1..d9e6b77255 100644 --- a/num/07/89.md +++ b/num/07/89.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:5](../04/05.md). # He spoke to him "Yahweh spoke to Moses" - diff --git a/num/07/intro.md b/num/07/intro.md index 16de66d586..a707604a26 100644 --- a/num/07/intro.md +++ b/num/07/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Consecrating the altar +### Consecrating the altar When the tabernacle was completed, they consecrated the altar. Each tribe brought an offering to consecrate the altar. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ When the tabernacle was completed, they consecrated the altar. Each tribe brough * __[Numbers 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/08/01.md b/num/08/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/08/01.md +++ b/num/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/08/02.md b/num/08/02.md index 5b9ad107c4..bdbe9be3b6 100644 --- a/num/08/02.md +++ b/num/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must give light in front "must shine towards the front" - diff --git a/num/08/03.md b/num/08/03.md index eb3724ca74..415d8d38e6 100644 --- a/num/08/03.md +++ b/num/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to give light "to shine" - diff --git a/num/08/04.md b/num/08/04.md index fa0be2ef9b..b64e82c8b4 100644 --- a/num/08/04.md +++ b/num/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They had made the lam # with hammered cups like blossoms They were commanded to form the hammered cups so that they resembled flower blossoms. Alternate translation: "with hammered cups that resemble flower blossoms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/08/05.md b/num/08/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/08/05.md +++ b/num/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/08/06.md b/num/08/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/08/06.md +++ b/num/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/08/07.md b/num/08/07.md index 90050cd51f..2e10c34c1c 100644 --- a/num/08/07.md +++ b/num/08/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses sprinkling water on them was symbolic of their atonement. Alternate transl # Make them shave their entire body, wash their clothes, and purify themselves Possible meanings are 1) Moses was to have the Levites shave, wash, and purify, or 2) Moses was to have the Levites purify themselves by shaving and washing, "Make them shave their entire body and wash their clothes; in this way they will purify themselves." - diff --git a/num/08/08.md b/num/08/08.md index a3f5ea2d18..54144ad0b8 100644 --- a/num/08/08.md +++ b/num/08/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When offering a young bull, a grain offering was usually required to accompany i # of fine flour mingled with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "of fine flour that they have mingled with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/08/09.md b/num/08/09.md index ff106dff0a..f65c79bd72 100644 --- a/num/08/09.md +++ b/num/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # assemble the whole community "gather the whole community" - diff --git a/num/08/10.md b/num/08/10.md index d8f08bde4b..b7eb7ed77b 100644 --- a/num/08/10.md +++ b/num/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Yahweh refers to himself by his own name. # the people of Israel must lay their hands on the Levites The action "laying on hands" on someone was often done to dedicate them to Yahweh's work or service. Alternate translation: "The people Israel must lay their hands on the Levites, dedicating them to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/08/11.md b/num/08/11.md index 4bd46a0105..95c33ce1e7 100644 --- a/num/08/11.md +++ b/num/08/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as a wave offering Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh with the same amount of dedication as if they were a sacrifice given to him. Alternate translation: "if they were a wave offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/08/12.md b/num/08/12.md index 95905d861e..105e041898 100644 --- a/num/08/12.md +++ b/num/08/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Levites must place their hands on the heads of the bulls This is a symbolic action that identifies the Levites with the animals being offered. In this way the person is offering himself through the animal to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/08/13.md b/num/08/13.md index a39fcd69c4..57408c156e 100644 --- a/num/08/13.md +++ b/num/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lift them up as a wave offering to me Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if he were lifting up an offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "dedicate them to me, as if you were lifting them up a wave offering to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/08/14.md b/num/08/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/08/14.md +++ b/num/08/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/08/15.md b/num/08/15.md index b32dd47b61..f769868607 100644 --- a/num/08/15.md +++ b/num/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh repeats these things to emphasize their importance. This must happen befo # You must offer them as a wave offering Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if they were a wave offering to him. Alternate translation: "You must dedicate them to me, as if you were presenting a wave offering to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/08/16.md b/num/08/16.md index 1ee7f8b520..a5cab3ce52 100644 --- a/num/08/16.md +++ b/num/08/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # firstborn, the first issue of the womb The phrase "first issue of the womb" is another way of saying "firstborn." - diff --git a/num/08/17.md b/num/08/17.md index ec5d49d601..22f160a328 100644 --- a/num/08/17.md +++ b/num/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of referring to when a person kills someone. Alternate tran # I set them apart Here "them" refers to "the firstborn from among the people of Israel." - diff --git a/num/08/18.md b/num/08/18.md index 0a1bf24451..a359885ceb 100644 --- a/num/08/18.md +++ b/num/08/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have taken the Levites from among the people of Israel instead of all the firstborn "I have taken the Levites instead of all the firstborn from among the people of Israel" - diff --git a/num/08/19.md b/num/08/19.md index 60fe40c724..ef09acf95a 100644 --- a/num/08/19.md +++ b/num/08/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "them" refers to the Levites. # when they come near Here "they" refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/num/08/20.md b/num/08/20.md index 27c29cb2a2..6e58525300 100644 --- a/num/08/20.md +++ b/num/08/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Moses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel ... The people of Israel did this with them Here there are three parallel sentences that give the same information. It is repeated to emphasize that the people did to the Levites as Yahweh had commanded. Alternate translation: "Moses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel did with the Levites everything that Yahweh had commanded Moses concerning the Levites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/num/08/21.md b/num/08/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/08/21.md +++ b/num/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/08/22.md b/num/08/22.md index 7f39a70fe9..475d7fb33a 100644 --- a/num/08/22.md +++ b/num/08/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "service," an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate tran # They treated all the Levites in this way "They did to the Levites what Yahweh commanded." The word "They" refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/num/08/23.md b/num/08/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/08/23.md +++ b/num/08/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/08/24.md b/num/08/24.md index bfdc4a2f15..f6ee49d680 100644 --- a/num/08/24.md +++ b/num/08/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # must join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word "company" refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md). - diff --git a/num/08/25.md b/num/08/25.md index 8a35f47810..65bb47171f 100644 --- a/num/08/25.md +++ b/num/08/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at the age of fifty years "at 50 years old" or "when they become 50 years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/08/26.md b/num/08/26.md index afb5ffe56b..35b322aa28 100644 --- a/num/08/26.md +++ b/num/08/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # deal with the Levites in all their responsibilities "make sure the Levites do their duty" - diff --git a/num/08/intro.md b/num/08/intro.md index 19fc5e6b2d..fb31791e0c 100644 --- a/num/08/intro.md +++ b/num/08/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Numbers 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The consecration of the tabernacle continues in this chapter. The people obeyed Yahweh's exact instructions. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The consecration of the tabernacle continues in this chapter. The people obeyed * __[Numbers 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/09/01.md b/num/09/01.md index 9ac7371a91..9472807614 100644 --- a/num/09/01.md +++ b/num/09/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the pe # after they came out from the land of Egypt Here "they" refers to the people of Israel. The phrase "came out" means to leave. Alternate translation: "after they left the land of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/09/02.md b/num/09/02.md index 5441d94e25..8910bcb089 100644 --- a/num/09/02.md +++ b/num/09/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let the people ... at its fixed time of year The word "fixed" means "previously set." This means that this is when the observe it every year. Alternate translation: "Let the people ... at the time of year they currently observe it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/09/03.md b/num/09/03.md index 975e0b910a..2a31896337 100644 --- a/num/09/03.md +++ b/num/09/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize th # You must keep it Here the phrase "keep it" is an idiom which means to observe it. Alternate translation: "You must observe it" or "You must celebrate it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/09/04.md b/num/09/04.md index 3116fdd209..4d23158f3c 100644 --- a/num/09/04.md +++ b/num/09/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # keep the Festival of the Passover Here the word "keep" means to observe. Alternate translation: "observe the Festival of the Passover" or "celebrate the Festival of the Passover" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/09/05.md b/num/09/05.md index 88da246e93..52456f9907 100644 --- a/num/09/05.md +++ b/num/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month "on day 14 of the first month." This refers to time in the Jewish calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/num/09/06.md b/num/09/06.md index a5cd0c195d..5d61646568 100644 --- a/num/09/06.md +++ b/num/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as i # keep the Passover Here the word "keep" means to observe. Alternate translation: "observe the Passover" or "celebrate the Passover" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/09/07.md b/num/09/07.md index 5827328974..2e8e611e94 100644 --- a/num/09/07.md +++ b/num/09/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The men ask this question in order to complain that they are not allowed to part # fixed set or predetermined - diff --git a/num/09/08.md b/num/09/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/09/08.md +++ b/num/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/09/09.md b/num/09/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/09/09.md +++ b/num/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/09/10.md b/num/09/10.md index e52dd3f0a7..ae3d0a22f2 100644 --- a/num/09/10.md +++ b/num/09/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to someone touching a dead body. Alternate translation: "because you # keep the Passover Here the word "keep" means to observe. Alternate translation: "observe the Passover" or "celebrate the Passover" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/09/11.md b/num/09/11.md index ddacd52d2d..49d01cfbd5 100644 --- a/num/09/11.md +++ b/num/09/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "eat" means to observe. Alternate translation: "observe the Passov # bitter herbs These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste. - diff --git a/num/09/12.md b/num/09/12.md index e7c90e93a8..6ec010d5a1 100644 --- a/num/09/12.md +++ b/num/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # or break any of its bones "and they must not break any of its bones" - diff --git a/num/09/13.md b/num/09/13.md index cb602cf5b9..873920e47c 100644 --- a/num/09/13.md +++ b/num/09/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ set or predetermined # That man must carry his sin Here the concept of the man having to bear the consequences of his sin is spoken of as if his sin were a heavy object object that he had to carry. Alternate translation: "That man must bear the punishment for his sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/09/14.md b/num/09/14.md index 02a3bba0dc..d2b5c4965e 100644 --- a/num/09/14.md +++ b/num/09/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # in the land "in the land of Israel" - diff --git a/num/09/15.md b/num/09/15.md index f17891e088..48a0d7c662 100644 --- a/num/09/15.md +++ b/num/09/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated the phrase "the # It appeared like fire until morning This refers to the cloud's appearance during the night. Here the cloud is compared to looking like a fire. Alternate translation: "During the night the cloud looked like a huge fire until morning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/09/16.md b/num/09/16.md index 0dc9b2e02d..ceea26e754 100644 --- a/num/09/16.md +++ b/num/09/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to explain that this refers to the cloud being over the tabern # appeared like fire at night The cloud's appearance is compared to a huge fire. Alternate translation: "it looked like a huge fire at night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/09/17.md b/num/09/17.md index 4ee5ac062b..c63f104443 100644 --- a/num/09/17.md +++ b/num/09/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "moved" or "Yahweh too # the cloud stopped "the cloud stopped moving" - diff --git a/num/09/18.md b/num/09/18.md index 11cd0c249b..81e58a8c24 100644 --- a/num/09/18.md +++ b/num/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # At Yahweh's command The word "command" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "When Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/09/19.md b/num/09/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/09/19.md +++ b/num/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/09/20.md b/num/09/20.md index 6a98ca9046..f26c94281f 100644 --- a/num/09/20.md +++ b/num/09/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # make camp Here the word "make" means to "set up." Alternate translation: "set up their camp" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/09/21.md b/num/09/21.md index 730e9fc2a0..2c91c5274a 100644 --- a/num/09/21.md +++ b/num/09/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. "If the cloud stayed ov # only when the cloud lifted would they journey on "then after the cloud moved they would travel" - diff --git a/num/09/22.md b/num/09/22.md index 318a9ae95e..8cb88ddb2d 100644 --- a/num/09/22.md +++ b/num/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the cloud was taken up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the cloud rose up" or "Yahweh took up the cloud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/09/23.md b/num/09/23.md index a7df6f7839..a3a39cf4d1 100644 --- a/num/09/23.md +++ b/num/09/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "command" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "what Yahw # Yahweh's command given through Moses This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the command that Yahweh had given through Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/09/intro.md b/num/09/intro.md index fdf41ebd8c..686a9e1705 100644 --- a/num/09/intro.md +++ b/num/09/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,13 @@ # Numbers 09 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter ==Passover == This chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) - ## Links: * __[Numbers 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/10/01.md b/num/10/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/10/01.md +++ b/num/10/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/10/02.md b/num/10/02.md index 9faf05950f..ec298fe090 100644 --- a/num/10/02.md +++ b/num/10/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that Yahweh commanded Moses to have someone make the trumpet. He did # You must use the trumpets Moses will not blow the trumpets himself, but he will command the priests to blow them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/10/03.md b/num/10/03.md index 0dfb9225e8..b776e762ad 100644 --- a/num/10/03.md +++ b/num/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in front of you "while you are present." This means that Moses was to be there with the priest when he blew the trumpets. - diff --git a/num/10/04.md b/num/10/04.md index 8c82b9114b..f09a637081 100644 --- a/num/10/04.md +++ b/num/10/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the leaders, the heads of the clans of Israel These two phrases refer to the same group of people. Here the second phrase is used to describe the first phrase. Alternate translation: "the leaders, who are the heads of the clans of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/num/10/05.md b/num/10/05.md index 75c7fb3de5..21ffd60a9b 100644 --- a/num/10/05.md +++ b/num/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When you blow a loud signal Here the word "you" is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests. The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: "When they blow a loud signal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/10/06.md b/num/10/06.md index fa2d6592fa..d049d4fdc8 100644 --- a/num/10/06.md +++ b/num/10/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "you" is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he is referring # They must blow a loud signal for their journeys "They" refers to the priests and the word "their" refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/num/10/07.md b/num/10/07.md index 6defb58245..87188ca4c3 100644 --- a/num/10/07.md +++ b/num/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When the community gathers together "To gather the community together" - diff --git a/num/10/08.md b/num/10/08.md index 9d46495d39..74c510cb12 100644 --- a/num/10/08.md +++ b/num/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # be an ordinance for you "be a rule for you." Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/num/10/09.md b/num/10/09.md index d371684a8e..ec05898843 100644 --- a/num/10/09.md +++ b/num/10/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word "you" but actually wants Moses # call you to mind This phrase "call to mind" means to remember. Alternate translation: "remember you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/10/10.md b/num/10/10.md index 18914eb55d..d2ecfb828d 100644 --- a/num/10/10.md +++ b/num/10/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ In these phrases the words "your" and "you" are plural and refer to the people o # These will act The word "these" refers to the trumpets and the sacrifices. - diff --git a/num/10/11.md b/num/10/11.md index dababd2655..6bab6d3d37 100644 --- a/num/10/11.md +++ b/num/10/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the cloud rose up" or # the tabernacle of the covenant decrees The tabernacle was also called by this longer name because the ark with the law of God was placed inside it. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:50](../01/50.md). - diff --git a/num/10/12.md b/num/10/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/10/12.md +++ b/num/10/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/10/13.md b/num/10/13.md index b023ff245a..b04ac97e49 100644 --- a/num/10/13.md +++ b/num/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh's command given through Moses This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the commands that Yahweh had given through Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/10/14.md b/num/10/14.md index cd15eab8cb..cedcf0c642 100644 --- a/num/10/14.md +++ b/num/10/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They packed up their camp and they left that place before all the others left. ( # Nahshon son of Amminadab See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/num/10/15.md b/num/10/15.md index 5b7249f43d..dd0133e35f 100644 --- a/num/10/15.md +++ b/num/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nethanel son of Zuar See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md). - diff --git a/num/10/16.md b/num/10/16.md index f36365debc..5573be3ca0 100644 --- a/num/10/16.md +++ b/num/10/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliab son of Helon See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md). - diff --git a/num/10/17.md b/num/10/17.md index c13e394dee..b306ed34df 100644 --- a/num/10/17.md +++ b/num/10/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gershon ... Merari See how you translated these men's names in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/num/10/18.md b/num/10/18.md index 592f929421..3418bdc54e 100644 --- a/num/10/18.md +++ b/num/10/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Reuben: Reuben, Si # Elizur son of Shedeur See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md). - diff --git a/num/10/19.md b/num/10/19.md index 0c228be510..c793edb907 100644 --- a/num/10/19.md +++ b/num/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai See how you translated this man's name [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md). - diff --git a/num/10/20.md b/num/10/20.md index c00c324a62..8834283d99 100644 --- a/num/10/20.md +++ b/num/10/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliasaph son of Deuel See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md). - diff --git a/num/10/21.md b/num/10/21.md index 99c6d85377..7649618ab1 100644 --- a/num/10/21.md +++ b/num/10/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kohathites This refers to the descendants of Kohath. See how you translated this in [Numbers 3:27](../03/27.md). - diff --git a/num/10/22.md b/num/10/22.md index 620aa890b6..dace7bf5b0 100644 --- a/num/10/22.md +++ b/num/10/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Ephraim: Ephraim, # Elishama son of Ammihud See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). - diff --git a/num/10/23.md b/num/10/23.md index e1d304d22e..f4fd48910a 100644 --- a/num/10/23.md +++ b/num/10/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gamaliel son of Pedahzur See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). - diff --git a/num/10/24.md b/num/10/24.md index 9af96d3c55..5e21195b43 100644 --- a/num/10/24.md +++ b/num/10/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Abidan son of Gideoni See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/num/10/25.md b/num/10/25.md index d695693b31..45a1ea1a51 100644 --- a/num/10/25.md +++ b/num/10/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Dan: Dan, Asher, a # Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md). - diff --git a/num/10/26.md b/num/10/26.md index dbf92f0c81..d83f35724d 100644 --- a/num/10/26.md +++ b/num/10/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Pagiel son of Okran See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md). - diff --git a/num/10/27.md b/num/10/27.md index fbf634f420..ba35834f6a 100644 --- a/num/10/27.md +++ b/num/10/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ahira son of Enan See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md). - diff --git a/num/10/28.md b/num/10/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/10/28.md +++ b/num/10/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/10/29.md b/num/10/29.md index a4c22d9681..0c6b8c3b74 100644 --- a/num/10/29.md +++ b/num/10/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # we will do you good "we will treat you well" - diff --git a/num/10/30.md b/num/10/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/10/30.md +++ b/num/10/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/10/31.md b/num/10/31.md index babc31bb38..3f6716f6bb 100644 --- a/num/10/31.md +++ b/num/10/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You must watch out for us The phrase "watch out" means to guide and to take care of. Alternate translation: "You can guide us and show us how to live in the desert" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/10/32.md b/num/10/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/10/32.md +++ b/num/10/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/10/33.md b/num/10/33.md index 28774760c6..ec80f52f5e 100644 --- a/num/10/33.md +++ b/num/10/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Mount Sinai. The full meaning of this statement can be made expli # The ark of the covenant of Yahweh went before them The group of Levites carrying the ark of the covenant went before the people of Israel as the traveled. Alternate translation: "Men carried the ark of the covenant of Yahweh before them as they traveled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/num/10/34.md b/num/10/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/10/34.md +++ b/num/10/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/10/35.md b/num/10/35.md index 3473c1825e..9f17da9e26 100644 --- a/num/10/35.md +++ b/num/10/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the phrase "rise up" is a request for Yahweh to act, in this case Moses is # Make those who hate you run from you Here Moses speaks about Yahweh causing their enemies to flee from the people of Israel as if they were fleeing from Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "Make those who hate you run away from your ark and your people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/10/36.md b/num/10/36.md index 520303d297..6885ecf4e9 100644 --- a/num/10/36.md +++ b/num/10/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really bein # many tens of thousands This refers to people. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "many tens of thousands of people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/10/intro.md b/num/10/intro.md index cf5f26870e..de29bcf13c 100644 --- a/num/10/intro.md +++ b/num/10/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Numbers 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trumpets -#### Trumpets In the ancient Near East, trumpets were used for many purposes. They were used to call people together. They were also used to lead people into battle. -#### Israel starts to move +### Israel starts to move Each tribe had its place in line as did the tabernacle. Their movements through the desert were very deliberate and ordered. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Each tribe had its place in line as did the tabernacle. Their movements through * __[Numbers 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/11/01.md b/num/11/01.md index 77d584d6fd..eeb09ebf7b 100644 --- a/num/11/01.md +++ b/num/11/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Fire from Yahweh burned "Yahweh sent fire that burned" - diff --git a/num/11/02.md b/num/11/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/11/02.md +++ b/num/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/11/03.md b/num/11/03.md index 2dfc7b8367..51908695a2 100644 --- a/num/11/03.md +++ b/num/11/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # That place was named This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: "They named that place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/11/04.md b/num/11/04.md index c2e142d55b..153d407b9b 100644 --- a/num/11/04.md +++ b/num/11/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who will give us meat to eat? The Israelites ask this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "We wish that we had meat to eat." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/11/05.md b/num/11/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/11/05.md +++ b/num/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/11/06.md b/num/11/06.md index 741bc73e0f..152385273f 100644 --- a/num/11/06.md +++ b/num/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our appetite is gone "we do not want to eat" or "we cannot eat" - diff --git a/num/11/07.md b/num/11/07.md index fe330f7093..8644f6f6e5 100644 --- a/num/11/07.md +++ b/num/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Coriander is also known as cilantro. This seed serves as a spice when dried. # resin This is a sticky substance with a pale yellow color. - diff --git a/num/11/08.md b/num/11/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/11/08.md +++ b/num/11/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/11/09.md b/num/11/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/11/09.md +++ b/num/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/11/10.md b/num/11/10.md index a4d1e5ec35..c93c66711d 100644 --- a/num/11/10.md +++ b/num/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in Moses' eyes he eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "in Moses' opinion" or "in Moses' judgement" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/11/11.md b/num/11/11.md index ddfeda8cf0..f39d3882e1 100644 --- a/num/11/11.md +++ b/num/11/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses used these questions to complain about the way God was treating him. They # You make me carry the load of all these people Moses complains and speaks of leading the people and providing for them as if he were carrying a heavy load. Alternate translation: "You make me responsible for all these people, but it's too hard for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/11/12.md b/num/11/12.md index fae4813561..7d695df9aa 100644 --- a/num/11/12.md +++ b/num/11/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To take care of the Israelites is spoken of as if it were to carry a helpless ne # Should I carry them ... to give them? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not expect me to carry them ... to give them!" or "I am not able to carry them ... to give them!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/11/13.md b/num/11/13.md index 8c74bf1d04..bc41a2cb74 100644 --- a/num/11/13.md +++ b/num/11/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Where can I find meat to give to all this people? Moses used this question to complain that it was impossible for him to give meat to all the people. Alternate translation: "I cannot possibly find enough meat to give to all these people." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/11/14.md b/num/11/14.md index 571fe3510a..d8a15e0554 100644 --- a/num/11/14.md +++ b/num/11/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses speaks of leading and providing for the people as if he were carrying them # They are too much for me This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "This responsibility is too difficult for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/11/15.md b/num/11/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/11/15.md +++ b/num/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/11/16.md b/num/11/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/11/16.md +++ b/num/11/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/11/17.md b/num/11/17.md index 0eed95e30d..62ea11d447 100644 --- a/num/11/17.md +++ b/num/11/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if i # You will not have to bear it alone God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: "You will not care for them alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/11/18.md b/num/11/18.md index 0e8eb08ad8..9fe66a13c2 100644 --- a/num/11/18.md +++ b/num/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # Who will give us meat to eat? The Israelites had asked this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. It can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "We wish that we had meat to eat." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/11/19.md b/num/11/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/11/19.md +++ b/num/11/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/11/20.md b/num/11/20.md index 6334631bb9..ec337d0663 100644 --- a/num/11/20.md +++ b/num/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) God speaks of vomiting as if the food would come out th # Why did we leave Egypt? The people had used this question to express regret and to complain. Alternate translation: "We never should have left Egypt." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/11/21.md b/num/11/21.md index da652d38dd..3d1a3e7672 100644 --- a/num/11/21.md +++ b/num/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 600,000 footmen "six hundred thousand footmen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/11/22.md b/num/11/22.md index d55297c5db..1318a1ddbc 100644 --- a/num/11/22.md +++ b/num/11/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "all" is an exaggeration to show how impossible it was to provide food # to satisfy them "to satisfy their hunger" - diff --git a/num/11/23.md b/num/11/23.md index 243779583a..08a61db846 100644 --- a/num/11/23.md +++ b/num/11/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Is my hand short? Here the word "hand" represents God's power. God uses this question to rebuke Moses for thinking that God did not have the power to provide enough meat for the people. Alternate translation: "Do you think that I am not powerful enough to do this?" or "You should know I am more than strong enough to do this." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/11/24.md b/num/11/24.md index b29a16631a..ac85a00259 100644 --- a/num/11/24.md +++ b/num/11/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh's words "what Yahweh had said" - diff --git a/num/11/25.md b/num/11/25.md index 6d8b4aae77..ebcf213ea4 100644 --- a/num/11/25.md +++ b/num/11/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Giving power to the elders is spoken of as putting the Spirit on them. See how y # When the Spirit rested on them Having power from the Spirit is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: "When they had power from the Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/11/26.md b/num/11/26.md index 7ea5762976..61b3c4d4cc 100644 --- a/num/11/26.md +++ b/num/11/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Spirit giving them power is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alter # Their names were written on the list This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses had written their names on the list" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/11/27.md b/num/11/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/11/27.md +++ b/num/11/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/11/28.md b/num/11/28.md index 6a9fdec037..c17d951c34 100644 --- a/num/11/28.md +++ b/num/11/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stop them "tell them to stop prophesying" - diff --git a/num/11/29.md b/num/11/29.md index c183355c61..28d01c07af 100644 --- a/num/11/29.md +++ b/num/11/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ What Joshua might have been jealous about can be stated clearly if needed. Alter # that he would put his Spirit on them all Moses speaks of God's Spirit giving people power as if God were to put his Spirit on them. Alternate translation: "that God's Spirit would give them all power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/11/30.md b/num/11/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/11/30.md +++ b/num/11/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/11/31.md b/num/11/31.md index 06a9bf0482..8cd4582ad1 100644 --- a/num/11/31.md +++ b/num/11/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a small bird (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) # about two cubits A cubit is a unit of measurement equal to about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "about 92 centimeters" or "about 1 meter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/11/32.md b/num/11/32.md index aa7f42015e..3146a1b28d 100644 --- a/num/11/32.md +++ b/num/11/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # ten homers A homer is a unit of volume equal to about 220 liters. Alternate translation: "2,200 liters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/11/33.md b/num/11/33.md index 0607358123..9ad95c5b15 100644 --- a/num/11/33.md +++ b/num/11/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that Go # the anger of Yahweh was kindled at them This metaphor speaks of Yahweh's anger as if it were a fire that Yahweh was kindling. Alternate translation: "Yahweh became very angry with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/11/34.md b/num/11/34.md index 460e6c0d17..3cd29e1cf6 100644 --- a/num/11/34.md +++ b/num/11/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # That place was named Kibroth Hattaavah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They named that place Kibroth Hattaavah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/11/35.md b/num/11/35.md index e3c46774c9..3f551d031b 100644 --- a/num/11/35.md +++ b/num/11/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hazeroth This is the name of a place in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/11/intro.md b/num/11/intro.md index e42af53f68..050f87771b 100644 --- a/num/11/intro.md +++ b/num/11/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Numbers 11 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Complaining -#### Complaining Moses complained about having too much responsibility. Therefore, God gave seventy men the spirit of prophecy to help Moses. The people complained about food, even though Yahweh was miraculously providing them with their food. The people complained because they did not have meat or fish to eat. God sent them quail. He punished some of the people, but it does not say why God did this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Moses complained about having too much responsibility. Therefore, God gave seven * __[Numbers 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/12/01.md b/num/12/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/12/01.md +++ b/num/12/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/12/02.md b/num/12/02.md index 73192e74e8..ba4ff9805f 100644 --- a/num/12/02.md +++ b/num/12/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Miriam and Aaron use these questions to complain that Moses had so much authorit # Now Yahweh heard The word "Now" hear draws attention to the important point that follows. - diff --git a/num/12/03.md b/num/12/03.md index 6af3a6ca38..c69496c95f 100644 --- a/num/12/03.md +++ b/num/12/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now the man Moses "Now" is used here to mark a pause in the story. The narrator tells background information about Moses's character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/num/12/04.md b/num/12/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/12/04.md +++ b/num/12/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/12/05.md b/num/12/05.md index d763be3ac4..fe9d7b1be4 100644 --- a/num/12/05.md +++ b/num/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a pillar of cloud The shape of the cloud is spoken of as if it were a pillar. Alternate translation: "a cloud shaped like a pillar" or "a tall cloud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/12/06.md b/num/12/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/12/06.md +++ b/num/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/12/07.md b/num/12/07.md index d53d2029a1..e35996a0fe 100644 --- a/num/12/07.md +++ b/num/12/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He is faithful in all my house Here "my house" represents the nation of Israel. Being faithful in God's house represents being faithful in leading Israel. Alternate translation: "Moses leads my people faithfully" or "Moses is the one whom I trust to lead my people Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/12/08.md b/num/12/08.md index 1cabd04fa7..7448b2bbdd 100644 --- a/num/12/08.md +++ b/num/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this question to rebuke Miriam and Aaron. It can be translated as a # against my servant, against Moses The phrase "against Moses" clarifies that he is the "servant" of whom Yahweh speaks. Alternate translation: "against my servant, Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/num/12/09.md b/num/12/09.md index 592f8679ca..078c47a5d0 100644 --- a/num/12/09.md +++ b/num/12/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh's anger burned against them Yahweh's anger is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: "Yahweh became very angry with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/12/10.md b/num/12/10.md index 47d858a2c9..7d0e68e0b0 100644 --- a/num/12/10.md +++ b/num/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # was as white as snow Leprosy turned Miriam's skin white. Alternate translation: "became very white" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/12/11.md b/num/12/11.md index bcfc25d8b2..f2bb1f2c84 100644 --- a/num/12/11.md +++ b/num/12/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not hold this sin against us To hold people's sin against them is to say that they are guilty for their sin. Here it represents punishing them for their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/12/12.md b/num/12/12.md index fc8ae3678b..aff836c90e 100644 --- a/num/12/12.md +++ b/num/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Please do not let her be like a dead newborn whose flesh is half consumed Miriam's leprosy would cause her body to decay until she died. The flesh being decayed is spoken of as if it were eaten. Alternate translation: "Please do not let her be like a dead newborn baby whose flesh is half decayed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/12/13.md b/num/12/13.md index 11695994de..df22e21788 100644 --- a/num/12/13.md +++ b/num/12/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Please heal her, God, please Here "please" is repeated for emphasis. - diff --git a/num/12/14.md b/num/12/14.md index df742e2656..82169eb172 100644 --- a/num/12/14.md +++ b/num/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If her father had spit in her face This describes a situation that could have happened but did not. Spitting in someone's face was a terrible insult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/12/15.md b/num/12/15.md index 02f3051335..b96cf0de6e 100644 --- a/num/12/15.md +++ b/num/12/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being sent out of the camp and not being allowed to go back in is spoken of as i # Miriam was shut outside the camp This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses shut Miriam outside the camp" or "Moses sent Miriam outside the camp" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/12/16.md b/num/12/16.md index 1f6bcd7f2d..27de591ffe 100644 --- a/num/12/16.md +++ b/num/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hazeroth This is the name of a place in the desert. See how you translated it in [Numbers 11:35](../11/35.md). - diff --git a/num/12/intro.md b/num/12/intro.md index f923b3baea..f83fd0d020 100644 --- a/num/12/intro.md +++ b/num/12/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Numbers 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 12:6-8. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Idiom +### Idiom God used the idiom "mouth to mouth" meaning "speaking directly with both people present." This indicated that Moses was more than just a prophet and greater than other prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ God used the idiom "mouth to mouth" meaning "speaking directly with both people * __[Numbers 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/13/01.md b/num/13/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/13/01.md +++ b/num/13/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/13/02.md b/num/13/02.md index b8d71ea690..b20424a922 100644 --- a/num/13/02.md +++ b/num/13/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God had decided that the land of Canaan would belong to the people of Israel, bu # Each man must be a leader among them "Each man whom you send must be a leader among his tribe" - diff --git a/num/13/03.md b/num/13/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/13/03.md +++ b/num/13/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/13/04.md b/num/13/04.md index 1e28988630..6984ff0ca4 100644 --- a/num/13/04.md +++ b/num/13/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shammua son of Zakkur These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/05.md b/num/13/05.md index edec3b79dd..0897082497 100644 --- a/num/13/05.md +++ b/num/13/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shaphat ... Hori These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/06.md b/num/13/06.md index 11c74e8203..b4b5902d9f 100644 --- a/num/13/06.md +++ b/num/13/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jephunneh A man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/07.md b/num/13/07.md index 1e17490d17..3af29bbfcb 100644 --- a/num/13/07.md +++ b/num/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Igal A man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/08.md b/num/13/08.md index 7764963ed2..8ac7078b8d 100644 --- a/num/13/08.md +++ b/num/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nun A man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/09.md b/num/13/09.md index f12ec3eaa5..e2b7c792b5 100644 --- a/num/13/09.md +++ b/num/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Palti ... Raphu These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/10.md b/num/13/10.md index c2311e304c..161c306c9c 100644 --- a/num/13/10.md +++ b/num/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gaddiel ... Sodi These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/11.md b/num/13/11.md index dac854b612..f700eeabc0 100644 --- a/num/13/11.md +++ b/num/13/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # from the tribe of Joseph (that is to say, from the tribe Manasseh) The relationship between between Joseph and Manasseh can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "from the tribe of Joseph's son Manasseh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/13/12.md b/num/13/12.md index 8a641f4fd7..d9f482ec0c 100644 --- a/num/13/12.md +++ b/num/13/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ammiel ... Gemalli These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/13.md b/num/13/13.md index 35a7be19c4..8a9dd4123e 100644 --- a/num/13/13.md +++ b/num/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sethur ... Michael These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/14.md b/num/13/14.md index 74b1aa3dfd..6bc0317826 100644 --- a/num/13/14.md +++ b/num/13/14.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Nahbi ... Vophsi -These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) diff --git a/num/13/15.md b/num/13/15.md index 99986fabf9..e3d53765d2 100644 --- a/num/13/15.md +++ b/num/13/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Geuel ... Maki These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/16.md b/num/13/16.md index 84de59f815..4703c29ca2 100644 --- a/num/13/16.md +++ b/num/13/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hoshea son of Nun See how you translated these men's names in [Numbers 13:8](../13/08.md). - diff --git a/num/13/17.md b/num/13/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/13/17.md +++ b/num/13/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/13/18.md b/num/13/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/13/18.md +++ b/num/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/13/19.md b/num/13/19.md index bbbc4c8a77..4d2c4082e5 100644 --- a/num/13/19.md +++ b/num/13/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses asks these questions to explain the kind of information that the men were # Are they like camps, or are they fortified cities Fortified cities had strong walls around them to protect them from enemy armies. Camps did not have these walls. - diff --git a/num/13/20.md b/num/13/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/13/20.md +++ b/num/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/13/21.md b/num/13/21.md index d200ceee9e..b7d1b7d67d 100644 --- a/num/13/21.md +++ b/num/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the wilderness of Zin The word "Zin" here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) - diff --git a/num/13/22.md b/num/13/22.md index e2963760a1..8e38722d99 100644 --- a/num/13/22.md +++ b/num/13/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of clans that were named after their ancestors. (See: [[rc://en/ # Anak This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/13/23.md b/num/13/23.md index 8ddbe809e8..67bf604739 100644 --- a/num/13/23.md +++ b/num/13/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # between two of their group "between two men of their group" - diff --git a/num/13/24.md b/num/13/24.md index 82c8d660aa..8fee053e36 100644 --- a/num/13/24.md +++ b/num/13/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # That place was named This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They named that place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/13/25.md b/num/13/25.md index 7b6a99d360..79501ea417 100644 --- a/num/13/25.md +++ b/num/13/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # After forty days "After 40 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/13/26.md b/num/13/26.md index a0ee30dcc7..ce41f4af71 100644 --- a/num/13/26.md +++ b/num/13/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They brought back word Here "word" refers to a report. Alternate translation: "They brought back their report" or "They reported what they had seen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/13/27.md b/num/13/27.md index 76c6c34c6f..23760e62c9 100644 --- a/num/13/27.md +++ b/num/13/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since milk comes from cows and goats, it represents livestock and the food produ # honey Since honey is produced from flowers, it represents crops and the food produced from the crops. Alternate translation: "food from crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/13/28.md b/num/13/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/13/28.md +++ b/num/13/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/13/29.md b/num/13/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/13/29.md +++ b/num/13/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/13/30.md b/num/13/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/13/30.md +++ b/num/13/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/13/31.md b/num/13/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/13/31.md +++ b/num/13/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/13/32.md b/num/13/32.md index 8bd5d7af9c..55df566c79 100644 --- a/num/13/32.md +++ b/num/13/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "they" refers to all of the men who examined the land including Caleb and J # a land that eats up its inhabitants The men speak of the land, or the people of the land, being very dangerous as if the land ate up people. Alternate translation: "a very dangerous land" or "a land where the people will kill us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/13/33.md b/num/13/33.md index e89a39c77a..c8bc267837 100644 --- a/num/13/33.md +++ b/num/13/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here sight represents evaluation and judgement. Alternate translation: "In our o # we were like grasshoppers in comparison with them The men speak of grasshoppers to show how very small they thought themselves to be compared to the people of the land. Alternate translation: "we are as small as grasshoppers in comparison with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/13/intro.md b/num/13/intro.md index 56533567d0..021ce13410 100644 --- a/num/13/intro.md +++ b/num/13/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 13 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Spies +### Spies Leaders from each of the tribes went to spy on the Promised Land in Canaan. Yahweh was not concerned with how many people were there, because he could defeat them. It appears that he is testing the faith of the people. The people were supposed to be excited to enter this wonderful land, instead they were afraid. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Leaders from each of the tribes went to spy on the Promised Land in Canaan. Yahw * __[Numbers 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/14/01.md b/num/14/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/01.md +++ b/num/14/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/02.md b/num/14/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/02.md +++ b/num/14/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/03.md b/num/14/03.md index afbc996c3b..b759004afa 100644 --- a/num/14/03.md +++ b/num/14/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the sword" represents either being killed by the sword or being killed in # Is it not better for us to return to Egypt? The people use this question to encourage people to agree with them that it would be better to return to Egypt. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "It would be better for us to return to Egypt than to try to conquer Canaan." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/14/04.md b/num/14/04.md index f67734371a..9d53feacff 100644 --- a/num/14/04.md +++ b/num/14/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They said to each another This refers to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/num/14/05.md b/num/14/05.md index 1163d5714b..98ace3a4e6 100644 --- a/num/14/05.md +++ b/num/14/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lay facedown "lay down with their faces touching the ground." Moses and Aaron did this to show that they were humbling themselves before God. They feared that God might punish the people for rebelling against him. Alternate translation: "lay facedown in humility to God" or "lay facedown to pray to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/14/06.md b/num/14/06.md index 15d6ffc472..9aff1d0950 100644 --- a/num/14/06.md +++ b/num/14/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who were some of thos # tore their clothes Tearing one's clothes was a gesture indicating the person is very troubled and is mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/14/07.md b/num/14/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/07.md +++ b/num/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/08.md b/num/14/08.md index ebb8efc67b..91d7e1a462 100644 --- a/num/14/08.md +++ b/num/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The land flows with milk and honey They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants flowed through it. See how you translated this in [Numbers 13:27](../13/27.md). Alternate translation: "It is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops" or "It is very fertile land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/14/09.md b/num/14/09.md index 20a9c0178a..3adca9c460 100644 --- a/num/14/09.md +++ b/num/14/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will remove th # Their protection The abstract noun "protection" can be stated as "protect." Alternate translation: "Anyone that might protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/14/10.md b/num/14/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/10.md +++ b/num/14/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/11.md b/num/14/11.md index 6b950a35fa..03317ebe27 100644 --- a/num/14/11.md +++ b/num/14/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How long must this people despise me? How long must they fail to trust me, despite all the signs ... them? Yahweh uses these questions to show that he was angry and had lost patience with the people. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "This people has despised me for too long. They have failed to trust me for too long, despite all the signs ... them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/14/12.md b/num/14/12.md index 2e4d4a4676..736a20cc89 100644 --- a/num/14/12.md +++ b/num/14/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # make from your own clan Here "your" is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/num/14/13.md b/num/14/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/13.md +++ b/num/14/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/14.md b/num/14/14.md index a8778e365c..0f53b82890 100644 --- a/num/14/14.md +++ b/num/14/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are seen face to face -Possible meanings are 1) Moses speaks of God showing himself to his people as if God had allowed them to actually see his face. Alternate translation: "they have seen you" or 2) Moses speaks of the intimate relationship between him and God as if Moses could see God's face when God spoke to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you speak directly to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - +Possible meanings are 1) Moses speaks of God showing himself to his people as if God had allowed them to actually see his face. Alternate translation: "they have seen you" or 2) Moses speaks of the intimate relationship between him and God as if Moses could see God's face when God spoke to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you speak directly to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/num/14/15.md b/num/14/15.md index a957c7e56a..f1bf75217e 100644 --- a/num/14/15.md +++ b/num/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as one man Killing them all at the same time is spoken of as killing them as one person. Alternate translation: "all at one time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/14/16.md b/num/14/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/16.md +++ b/num/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/17.md b/num/14/17.md index a6c33f1a95..f5902d779f 100644 --- a/num/14/17.md +++ b/num/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my Lord Some ancient manuscripts and modern translations read, "Yahweh." - diff --git a/num/14/18.md b/num/14/18.md index d32e259fb1..2afbb3071f 100644 --- a/num/14/18.md +++ b/num/14/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "love" can be stated with the verb "love." Alternate translati # when he brings the punishment of the ancestors' sin on their descendants Punishing people is spoken of as if punishment were an object that could be brought and put on people. Alternate translation: "when he punishes the guilty people's descendants for the guilty people's sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/14/19.md b/num/14/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/19.md +++ b/num/14/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/20.md b/num/14/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/20.md +++ b/num/14/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/21.md b/num/14/21.md index 9a20d23e3f..5274ae5511 100644 --- a/num/14/21.md +++ b/num/14/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the earth will be filled with my glory This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my glory will fill all the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/14/22.md b/num/14/22.md index 49680b74d0..4bd024d0ba 100644 --- a/num/14/22.md +++ b/num/14/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the number 10 represents too many times. Alternate translation: "too many t # have not listened to my voice Here "listened" represents obedience, and God's voice represents what he said. Alternate translation: "have not obeyed what I have said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/14/23.md b/num/14/23.md index ba69119195..bb71490423 100644 --- a/num/14/23.md +++ b/num/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. - diff --git a/num/14/24.md b/num/14/24.md index 8e18add85f..7d536c6b4d 100644 --- a/num/14/24.md +++ b/num/14/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "spirit" represents his attitude. Caleb's attitude was different from the a # and follows me wholeheartedly Following God is a metaphor for obeying God. Alternate translation: "and obeys me wholeheartedly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/14/25.md b/num/14/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/25.md +++ b/num/14/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/26.md b/num/14/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/26.md +++ b/num/14/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/27.md b/num/14/27.md index 4a0fe61652..bad0d235ca 100644 --- a/num/14/27.md +++ b/num/14/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh asks this question because he has lost patience with the people. It can b # I have heard the complaining of the people of Israel The word "complaining," an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "I have heard the people of Israel complain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/14/28.md b/num/14/28.md index 36e638f6d5..8849c4d6bc 100644 --- a/num/14/28.md +++ b/num/14/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as you have spoken in my hearing "as I have heard you say" - diff --git a/num/14/29.md b/num/14/29.md index b04f4a272c..becf595657 100644 --- a/num/14/29.md +++ b/num/14/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you whom Moses counte # from twenty years old and upward "twenty years old and older" - diff --git a/num/14/30.md b/num/14/30.md index c4cf200e65..79d9888e12 100644 --- a/num/14/30.md +++ b/num/14/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will certainly not go into the land ... home, except Caleb ... Joshua ... Nun This double negative emphasizes that Caleb and Joshua are the only ones who will go into the land. Alternate translation: "The only ones of you who will go into the land ... home are Caleb ... Joshua ... Nun" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/num/14/31.md b/num/14/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/31.md +++ b/num/14/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/32.md b/num/14/32.md index 46792b2633..82671b6e97 100644 --- a/num/14/32.md +++ b/num/14/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your dead bodies will fall Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate translation: "you will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/14/33.md b/num/14/33.md index 8bc761657d..50a161a635 100644 --- a/num/14/33.md +++ b/num/14/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some modern versions choose to translate, "Your children will wander in the wild # until the end of your corpses A corpse is a dead body. The end of their corpses represents the last of the them dying. Alternate translation: "until the last one of you dies" or "until all of you die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/14/34.md b/num/14/34.md index 777c8ce5bb..55b0db29da 100644 --- a/num/14/34.md +++ b/num/14/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a statement of obligation, not a prediction. Some modern translations re # my opposition The abstract noun "opposition" can be translated using the verb "oppose." Alternate translation: "what it is like when I oppose you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/14/35.md b/num/14/35.md index 01cfa3b975..3e7756e68d 100644 --- a/num/14/35.md +++ b/num/14/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will be completely cut off This probably means that they will no longer exist. Alternate translation: "they will come to an end" or "they will all be destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/14/36.md b/num/14/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/36.md +++ b/num/14/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/37.md b/num/14/37.md index 9597b889bf..09e9718251 100644 --- a/num/14/37.md +++ b/num/14/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these men who had brought out a bad report about the land were struck down, and they died of a plague before Yahweh The phrase "plague before Yahweh" shows that Yahweh struck them down. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh struck down these men who had brought out a bad report about the land, and they died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/14/38.md b/num/14/38.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/38.md +++ b/num/14/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/39.md b/num/14/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/14/39.md +++ b/num/14/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/14/40.md b/num/14/40.md index c04d4d674b..65dec41893 100644 --- a/num/14/40.md +++ b/num/14/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Look, we are here They use these words to emphasize that they have changed their minds and now want to do what they should have done the day before. Your language may have a different way of showing this. - diff --git a/num/14/41.md b/num/14/41.md index fe32cb6913..42372795f1 100644 --- a/num/14/41.md +++ b/num/14/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why are you now violating Yahweh's command? Moses asks this question to rebuke the people of Israel. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not be violating Yahweh's command again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/14/42.md b/num/14/42.md index 178cff4172..7252834849 100644 --- a/num/14/42.md +++ b/num/14/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: "Yahweh wil # to prevent you from being defeated by your enemies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to prevent your enemies from defeating you" or "to give you victory over your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/14/43.md b/num/14/43.md index 56eb84c232..eb4b4fce78 100644 --- a/num/14/43.md +++ b/num/14/43.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Obeying Yahweh is spoken of as following him, and stopping doing that is spoken # he will not be with you Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: "he will not help you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/14/44.md b/num/14/44.md index 6365333f31..05ba6b3c34 100644 --- a/num/14/44.md +++ b/num/14/44.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # into the hill country Much of the land of Israel is elevated. When the Israelites crossed the Jordan River valley to attack the Canaanites, there were hills that they had to climb in order to go farther into the land of Canaan. - diff --git a/num/14/45.md b/num/14/45.md index 4b0fc85bc7..72f9ba8547 100644 --- a/num/14/45.md +++ b/num/14/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # beat them down This metaphor speaks of the Amalekites defeating the Israelites as if the Israelites were a small object that the Amalekites had crushed by beating it. Alternate translation: "defeated them" or "crushed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/14/intro.md b/num/14/intro.md index 5ad59a979d..76190980d1 100644 --- a/num/14/intro.md +++ b/num/14/intro.md @@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ # Numbers 14 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical Questions +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions + The author uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions indicate that people did not have faith in Yahweh. Yahweh also uses rhetorical questions to show the people's lack of faith. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) ## Links: @@ -9,4 +11,3 @@ The author uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions in * __[Numbers 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/15/01.md b/num/15/01.md index 2a2c9a8996..329151274d 100644 --- a/num/15/01.md +++ b/num/15/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Numbers 15:1-32 tells what God told Moses to tell the people of Israel. - diff --git a/num/15/02.md b/num/15/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/02.md +++ b/num/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/03.md b/num/15/03.md index ff9dfc902b..1b2b450aec 100644 --- a/num/15/03.md +++ b/num/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to produce a pleasing aroma for Yahweh from the herd or the flock "to produce from the herd or flock a smell that pleases Yahweh." The Lord's pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: "to please Yahweh by burning a sacrifice from the herd or the flock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/15/04.md b/num/15/04.md index e75018bbc4..04c4d750e7 100644 --- a/num/15/04.md +++ b/num/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: "a # one-fourth of a hin A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: "about 1 liter" or "one liter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/15/05.md b/num/15/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/05.md +++ b/num/15/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/06.md b/num/15/06.md index a03cc2bcb7..f1dffe34ee 100644 --- a/num/15/06.md +++ b/num/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: "4 # a third of a hin A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: "one liter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/15/07.md b/num/15/07.md index 2858563fa5..1fef05d6ff 100644 --- a/num/15/07.md +++ b/num/15/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh "It will produce a smell that pleases Yahweh." The Lord's pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: "You will please Yahweh by offering it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/15/08.md b/num/15/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/08.md +++ b/num/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/09.md b/num/15/09.md index f2942fe339..612fa18b7f 100644 --- a/num/15/09.md +++ b/num/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "six and one ha # half a hin You may convert this to a modern measure Alternate translation: "two liters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/15/10.md b/num/15/10.md index 5d62183a1d..c08d759209 100644 --- a/num/15/10.md +++ b/num/15/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you burn on the # to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh "to produce a smell that pleases Yahweh." The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: "to please Yahweh by offering it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/15/11.md b/num/15/11.md index 150f859389..de17f9201d 100644 --- a/num/15/11.md +++ b/num/15/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It must be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must do it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/12.md b/num/15/12.md index 78e33b511e..c286ed3991 100644 --- a/num/15/12.md +++ b/num/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must be done as described This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must do as I have described" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/13.md b/num/15/13.md index c6c8fa8c69..3c99e82a7b 100644 --- a/num/15/13.md +++ b/num/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that they burn on the # to produce an aroma that is pleasing to Yahweh "to produce a smell that pleases Yahweh." Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if Yahweh were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: "to please Yahweh by offering it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/15/14.md b/num/15/14.md index 892b530fea..e1f3f556a0 100644 --- a/num/15/14.md +++ b/num/15/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he must burn an offer # to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh "to produce a smell that pleases Yahweh." The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: "to please Yahweh by offering it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/15/15.md b/num/15/15.md index 54fac3aab6..754937643b 100644 --- a/num/15/15.md +++ b/num/15/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "You and the sojourner staying with you are alike befor # He must act as you act before Yahweh "He must act as you act in Yahweh's presence." Because it says that they must act as the Israelites in Yahweh's presence, it is implied that they must obey all of Yahweh's commands. Alternate translation: "he must act as you act and obey all of Yahweh's commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/15/16.md b/num/15/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/16.md +++ b/num/15/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/17.md b/num/15/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/17.md +++ b/num/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/18.md b/num/15/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/18.md +++ b/num/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/19.md b/num/15/19.md index 4b098745c2..20c018c2a2 100644 --- a/num/15/19.md +++ b/num/15/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the food produced in the land This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the food that the land produces" or "the food that you produce in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/20.md b/num/15/20.md index b5f6c8bee6..5e1867f5a7 100644 --- a/num/15/20.md +++ b/num/15/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom "lift it up" refers to offering it as a gift. Alternate translation: # a contribution from the threshing floor The offering is spoken of as being from the threshing floor because this is where they would separate the grain from the other parts of the plant. - diff --git a/num/15/21.md b/num/15/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/21.md +++ b/num/15/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/22.md b/num/15/22.md index 052cc344c8..f670869a95 100644 --- a/num/15/22.md +++ b/num/15/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" here refers to Israelite people. # Connecting Statement: God continues telling Moses what he must tell the people. - diff --git a/num/15/23.md b/num/15/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/23.md +++ b/num/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/24.md b/num/15/24.md index b49f794d32..4e9cca3fb9 100644 --- a/num/15/24.md +++ b/num/15/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must make a grain # as commanded by the decree This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as the decree commands" or "as I commanded when I made the decree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/25.md b/num/15/25.md index fb7b02065a..82a039d322 100644 --- a/num/15/25.md +++ b/num/15/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will forgive them" # made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that they made by fire" or "that they burned on the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/26.md b/num/15/26.md index 66ec45d613..47ce8bcab1 100644 --- a/num/15/26.md +++ b/num/15/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the community of the people of Israel will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will forgive all the community of the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/27.md b/num/15/27.md index 48ad95fad9..924cd5eae8 100644 --- a/num/15/27.md +++ b/num/15/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a female goat a year old "a 1-year-old female goat" - diff --git a/num/15/28.md b/num/15/28.md index d54a261484..6b63daa1ee 100644 --- a/num/15/28.md +++ b/num/15/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # That person will be forgiven when atonement has been made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will forgive that person when the priest has made atonement" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/29.md b/num/15/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/29.md +++ b/num/15/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/30.md b/num/15/30.md index 12030693ad..310ba0a145 100644 --- a/num/15/30.md +++ b/num/15/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "defiantly" or "knowing it is a sin and # That person must be cut off from among his people The metaphor "cut off" has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) "his people must send him away" or 2) "I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel" or 3) "his people must kill him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/31.md b/num/15/31.md index 3039a346e8..569102f293 100644 --- a/num/15/31.md +++ b/num/15/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Not obeying a commandment is spoken of as breaking it. Alternate translation: "h # His iniquity will be on him Here "iniquity" represents either 1) punishment for sin or 2) guilt of sin. Sin being on him is a metaphor for either 1) being punished or 2) being guilty. Alternate translation: 1) "I will punish him because of his sin" or 2) "I will consider him guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/15/32.md b/num/15/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/32.md +++ b/num/15/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/33.md b/num/15/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/33.md +++ b/num/15/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/34.md b/num/15/34.md index e65189b410..d87548e633 100644 --- a/num/15/34.md +++ b/num/15/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it had not been declared what should be done with him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh had not declared what they should do with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/35.md b/num/15/35.md index 2efc594819..69d7e9e593 100644 --- a/num/15/35.md +++ b/num/15/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The man must surely be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must surely put the man to death" or "The man must surely die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/15/36.md b/num/15/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/36.md +++ b/num/15/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/37.md b/num/15/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/15/37.md +++ b/num/15/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/15/38.md b/num/15/38.md index 3c29f5f983..3ce38e6167 100644 --- a/num/15/38.md +++ b/num/15/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the descendants of Israel "the people of Israel" - diff --git a/num/15/39.md b/num/15/39.md index a1366e4d05..dfd7659284 100644 --- a/num/15/39.md +++ b/num/15/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # prostitute yourselves to them Being unfaithful to God by choosing to do whatever they want is spoken of as if they were women who were unfaithful to their husband by choosing to have sinful relationships with other men. It can be stated clearly that this was a shameful thing to do. Alternate translation: "be shamefully unfaithful to me" or "do those things instead of obeying me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/15/40.md b/num/15/40.md index b9294ce9eb..31d2c19a80 100644 --- a/num/15/40.md +++ b/num/15/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues telling Moses what to tell the people of Israel. The word "you" re # call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/15/41.md b/num/15/41.md index 016963e64f..c6edf443e0 100644 --- a/num/15/41.md +++ b/num/15/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am Yahweh your God This clause is repeated for emphasis. - diff --git a/num/15/intro.md b/num/15/intro.md index 9bcc0314ad..cea9589b33 100644 --- a/num/15/intro.md +++ b/num/15/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,14 @@ # Numbers 15 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Purifying the people +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Purifying the people + As the people travel through the wilderness, Yahweh is purifying them. He is doing this so that they are able to enter into the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Prostitution +### Prostitution The imagery of prostitution is commonly used in Scripture to indicate that Yahweh alone is to be worshiped. The people are compared to the prostitute because a husband is to only have a sexual relationship with his wife. Both the prostitute and the worship of other gods are violations of this exclusive relationship. Many cultures will struggle with this imagery because of a desire to use euphemisms. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ The imagery of prostitution is commonly used in Scripture to indicate that Yahwe * __[Numbers 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/16/01.md b/num/16/01.md index 7a00a6107e..a6a3af416e 100644 --- a/num/16/01.md +++ b/num/16/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kohath See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/num/16/02.md b/num/16/02.md index 158b56da1c..c5a99413db 100644 --- a/num/16/02.md +++ b/num/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Rebelling or criticizing someone in authority is spoken of as if they were stand # men of reputation in the community "famous members of the community" or "important men in the community" - diff --git a/num/16/03.md b/num/16/03.md index 280d52a152..b147afe261 100644 --- a/num/16/03.md +++ b/num/16/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The men ask this question to rebuke Moses and Aaron. It can be translated as a s # lift up yourselves above the rest Considering someone to be important is spoken of as lifting it up. Alternate translation: "consider yourselves more important than the rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/16/04.md b/num/16/04.md index 69b10ed9d8..cdf95cc87b 100644 --- a/num/16/04.md +++ b/num/16/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he lay facedown This indicates that Moses was humbling himself before God. He was afraid that God would punish the people for rebelling against God and his chosen leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/16/05.md b/num/16/05.md index b31d326d9b..bc7414e7ea 100644 --- a/num/16/05.md +++ b/num/16/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who is set apart to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Yahweh has set apart for himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/16/06.md b/num/16/06.md index 91f5cee6b7..4a227565ca 100644 --- a/num/16/06.md +++ b/num/16/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses continues speaking to Korah and the men who were with Korah. # censers containers in which to burn incense - diff --git a/num/16/07.md b/num/16/07.md index a430ab7afb..a53d9276f3 100644 --- a/num/16/07.md +++ b/num/16/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will set apart # You have gone too far This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: "You have done more than you should" or "You assume to have more authority than you should" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/16/08.md b/num/16/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/08.md +++ b/num/16/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/09.md b/num/16/09.md index 84cd52d4bd..4d3c2a0a05 100644 --- a/num/16/09.md +++ b/num/16/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses uses this question to rebuke Korah and the men with him. It can be transla # a small thing for you "not enough for you" or "unimportant to you" - diff --git a/num/16/10.md b/num/16/10.md index 7edd5376f4..a41cf4ec12 100644 --- a/num/16/10.md +++ b/num/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are seeking the priesthood also Wanting to have the priesthood is spoken of as if they were looking for it. Alternate translation: "you want to have the priesthood too" or "you want to be priests also" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/16/11.md b/num/16/11.md index 1119d43fb7..7c98bd2c15 100644 --- a/num/16/11.md +++ b/num/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who is Aaron that you grumble against him? Moses uses this question to show them that when they complain about what Aaron does, they are really complaining against Yahweh, because Aaron was doing what Yahweh told him to do. Alternate translation: "You are not really complaining about Aaron, but about Yahweh, whom Aaron obeys!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/16/12.md b/num/16/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/12.md +++ b/num/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/13.md b/num/16/13.md index 9c2f51ce7a..098b249edf 100644 --- a/num/16/13.md +++ b/num/16/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and hone # to kill us The people exaggerate because they will hold Moses responsible if any of them die. Alternate translation: "to have us die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/num/16/14.md b/num/16/14.md index af19f92d3b..9eee2a2dd3 100644 --- a/num/16/14.md +++ b/num/16/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Deceiving people is spoken of as making them blind. Alternate translation: "to d # with empty promises They speak of promises that are not kept as if they are empty containers. Alternate translation: "with promises that you do not keep" or "by promising to do things that you do not do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/16/15.md b/num/16/15.md index c4bf06e798..c66861c2b3 100644 --- a/num/16/15.md +++ b/num/16/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have not taken one donkey from them One donkey here represents anything that a person my take from someone else. Alternate translation: "I have not taken anything from them, not even one donkey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/16/16.md b/num/16/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/16.md +++ b/num/16/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/17.md b/num/16/17.md index 59fe22ac33..2dce8592d8 100644 --- a/num/16/17.md +++ b/num/16/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # censer a container in which to burn incense - diff --git a/num/16/18.md b/num/16/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/18.md +++ b/num/16/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/19.md b/num/16/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/19.md +++ b/num/16/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/20.md b/num/16/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/20.md +++ b/num/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/21.md b/num/16/21.md index 84c335b49f..b09c7d9d1c 100644 --- a/num/16/21.md +++ b/num/16/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that I may consume them Destroying them is spoken of as if God were to eat them. Alternate translation: "that I may destroy them" or "and I will destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/16/22.md b/num/16/22.md index f79bcc1968..2d34f3d410 100644 --- a/num/16/22.md +++ b/num/16/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "spirits" represents the ability to live. Alternate translation: "the God w # if one man sins, must you be angry with all the community? Moses and Aaron use this question to plead with God for the people. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "please do not be angry with all the community because one man sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/16/23.md b/num/16/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/23.md +++ b/num/16/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/24.md b/num/16/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/24.md +++ b/num/16/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/25.md b/num/16/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/25.md +++ b/num/16/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/26.md b/num/16/26.md index ce9369ebe5..22439baff2 100644 --- a/num/16/26.md +++ b/num/16/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being destroyed because of their sins is spoken of as if the sins would destroy # you will be consumed by all their sins This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all their sins will destroy you" or "Yahweh will destroy you because of all their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/16/27.md b/num/16/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/27.md +++ b/num/16/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/28.md b/num/16/28.md index d01caf1818..6ce2f8025c 100644 --- a/num/16/28.md +++ b/num/16/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # By this you will know Here "this" refers to what Moses will say next. - diff --git a/num/16/29.md b/num/16/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/29.md +++ b/num/16/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/30.md b/num/16/30.md index 28cda8c20d..448b86ac88 100644 --- a/num/16/30.md +++ b/num/16/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the earth opens its mouth and swallows them Moses speaks as if the earth were alive and the opening in the ground into which these people would fall were a large mouth that would eat them. Alternate translation: "and they fall into it and are buried underneath the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/16/31.md b/num/16/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/31.md +++ b/num/16/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/32.md b/num/16/32.md index bddda55763..fb01a941c1 100644 --- a/num/16/32.md +++ b/num/16/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them Moses speaks of the earth as if it were alive, and the hole that the people fell into as if it were the earth's mouth. Alternate translation: "The earth opened up like a large mouth, and they fell into it and were buried in it" or "There was a giant hole in the ground, and they fell into it and were buried in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/16/33.md b/num/16/33.md index 744730b78a..04dcb3133c 100644 --- a/num/16/33.md +++ b/num/16/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went down alive into Sheol A similar phrase occurs in [Numbers 16:30](../16/30.md). See how you translated it there. - diff --git a/num/16/34.md b/num/16/34.md index d7671f3090..56f2b9fb38 100644 --- a/num/16/34.md +++ b/num/16/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The earth may swallow us up also The people speak of the earth as if it were alive. Alternate translation: "The earth might open up and we too will fall into it" or "If the earth opens up again, we too will fall into it and be buried" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/16/35.md b/num/16/35.md index 4eace02e7b..d7b48cc4d3 100644 --- a/num/16/35.md +++ b/num/16/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being destroyed by fire is spoken of as if they were eaten by the fire. Alternat # 250 men "two hundred and fifty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/16/36.md b/num/16/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/36.md +++ b/num/16/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/37.md b/num/16/37.md index b71411f45f..9193f8d0e7 100644 --- a/num/16/37.md +++ b/num/16/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # out of the flames This refers to the flames that burned the 250 men. - diff --git a/num/16/38.md b/num/16/38.md index 31858df5e4..7c48be67e4 100644 --- a/num/16/38.md +++ b/num/16/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "them" refers to the censers. This can be stated in active form. Alternate # they are set apart ... They will be a sign Here "they" and "They" refer to the censers. - diff --git a/num/16/39.md b/num/16/39.md index 6446f056d7..7920b8a80d 100644 --- a/num/16/39.md +++ b/num/16/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that had been used by the men who were burned up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the men whom the fire had burned up had used" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/16/40.md b/num/16/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/40.md +++ b/num/16/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/41.md b/num/16/41.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/41.md +++ b/num/16/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/42.md b/num/16/42.md index c6b0006153..fb76ee9efb 100644 --- a/num/16/42.md +++ b/num/16/42.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your langua # behold, the cloud "suddenly, the cloud." Here "behold" shows that the people were surprised by what they saw. - diff --git a/num/16/43.md b/num/16/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/43.md +++ b/num/16/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/44.md b/num/16/44.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/44.md +++ b/num/16/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/45.md b/num/16/45.md index 7edc886770..b56bb00948 100644 --- a/num/16/45.md +++ b/num/16/45.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks of destroying them as if he would eat them. Alternate translation: "s # lay down with their faces to the ground This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/16/46.md b/num/16/46.md index 4a0078d601..47028f5a2e 100644 --- a/num/16/46.md +++ b/num/16/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # anger is coming from Yahweh Anger coming from God represents God showing his anger. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is showing us his anger" or "Yahweh is very angry and is acting according to his anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/16/47.md b/num/16/47.md index b66f582a80..1daf289fc5 100644 --- a/num/16/47.md +++ b/num/16/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he put in the incense Putting the incense in the censer here represents burning it. Alternate translation: "he burned the incense" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/16/48.md b/num/16/48.md index 0d4e2079f3..31e9acd8cd 100644 --- a/num/16/48.md +++ b/num/16/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the plague was stopped This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the plague stopped spreading" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/16/49.md b/num/16/49.md index f481febfc8..be6f280e8c 100644 --- a/num/16/49.md +++ b/num/16/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 14,700 in number "fourteen thousand seven hundred in number" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/16/50.md b/num/16/50.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/16/50.md +++ b/num/16/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/16/intro.md b/num/16/intro.md index 8b3d573586..ade9beb300 100644 --- a/num/16/intro.md +++ b/num/16/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 16 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Rebellion and punishment +### Rebellion and punishment A certain Levite and a few men from the tribe of Reuben claimed that they were just as good as Moses and Aaron, and they also could do the work of sacrificing animals at the sacred tent. So Moses told them to come to the sacred tent and burn incense to Yahweh. God then made the earth open and swallow up these leaders and their families. He also sent fire to destroy 250 other men who had joined with those leaders. These actions showed that only the Levites, those whom Yahweh appointed, could be priests. Also, it taught the people that to rebel against Yahweh's anointed was to rebel against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ A certain Levite and a few men from the tribe of Reuben claimed that they were j * __[Numbers 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/17/01.md b/num/17/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/17/01.md +++ b/num/17/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/17/02.md b/num/17/02.md index 6a8292bf56..67e2e77854 100644 --- a/num/17/02.md +++ b/num/17/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twelve "12" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/17/03.md b/num/17/03.md index af69b8834c..5f118e5913 100644 --- a/num/17/03.md +++ b/num/17/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The name Levi here refers to the tribe of Levi. # for each leader from his ancestors' tribe Here "his" refers to "each leader." - diff --git a/num/17/04.md b/num/17/04.md index ebd2fafa84..b06690d576 100644 --- a/num/17/04.md +++ b/num/17/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the covenant decrees The phrase "the covenant decrees" refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: "the ark of the covenant" or "the box that holds the covenant decrees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/17/05.md b/num/17/05.md index 5ed8e4d62a..f0458bb2f2 100644 --- a/num/17/05.md +++ b/num/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # cause the complaints from the people of Israel to stop, which they are speaking against you Here "complaints" is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "make the people of Israel stop complaining against you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/17/06.md b/num/17/06.md index 6032fbdfc6..96f8564fb6 100644 --- a/num/17/06.md +++ b/num/17/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # selected from each of the ancestral tribes This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Moses selected from each of the ancestor's tribes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/17/07.md b/num/17/07.md index 468e5ba663..fa27f832f7 100644 --- a/num/17/07.md +++ b/num/17/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the tent of the covenant decrees The phrase "the covenant decrees" refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: "the tent of the covenant box" or "the tent that the covenant decrees are in" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/17/08.md b/num/17/08.md index 73c8363619..8938a5d5bf 100644 --- a/num/17/08.md +++ b/num/17/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # behold The word "behold" here shows that something especially important has happened. You might have a similar word in your language. - diff --git a/num/17/09.md b/num/17/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/17/09.md +++ b/num/17/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/17/10.md b/num/17/10.md index a857115c65..626e9a90c3 100644 --- a/num/17/10.md +++ b/num/17/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "complaints" is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alter # or they will die This is what would happen if the people were to continue complaining. God wanted to prevent this. Alternate translation: "so that they will not die" - diff --git a/num/17/11.md b/num/17/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/17/11.md +++ b/num/17/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/17/12.md b/num/17/12.md index 8a1073c246..42e2655afc 100644 --- a/num/17/12.md +++ b/num/17/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We will die here. We will all perish! These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/num/17/13.md b/num/17/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/17/13.md +++ b/num/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/17/intro.md b/num/17/intro.md index a2446c44b5..0b4741696c 100644 --- a/num/17/intro.md +++ b/num/17/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ # Numbers 17 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Which tribe should be special workers for God? +### Which tribe should be special workers for God? -God told Moses that each tribe should bring one wooden staff and leave it overnight at the temple. The next day Aaron's staff representing the tribe of Levi bloomed and produced ripe almond nuts. This showed that the tribe of Levi was still the tribe chosen to be Yahweh's priests. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) +God told Moses that each tribe should bring one wooden staff and leave it overnight at the temple. The next day Aaron's staff representing the tribe of Levi bloomed and produced ripe almond nuts. This showed that the tribe of Levi was still the tribe chosen to be Yahweh's priests. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) ## Links: * __[Numbers 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/18/01.md b/num/18/01.md index 76f9c565df..c139a34818 100644 --- a/num/18/01.md +++ b/num/18/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all sins that anyone # anyone in the priesthood "any priest" - diff --git a/num/18/02.md b/num/18/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/18/02.md +++ b/num/18/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/18/03.md b/num/18/03.md index 7343e3f0f5..d4669dc02a 100644 --- a/num/18/03.md +++ b/num/18/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Aaron. # or they and also you will die Here "they" refers to any member of the tribe of Levi who comes "near to anything in the sanctuary;" the word "you" is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites who are serving in approved roles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/num/18/04.md b/num/18/04.md index 98fea30262..b7a28f4532 100644 --- a/num/18/04.md +++ b/num/18/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # not come near you Here "you" is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/num/18/05.md b/num/18/05.md index a4baae9525..25bfdac007 100644 --- a/num/18/05.md +++ b/num/18/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites. (See: # so that my anger does not come on the people of Israel again Possible meanings are 1) this represents God being extremely angry with his people. Alternate translation: "so that I do not become very angry with the people of Israel again" or 2) this represents God punishing them because of his anger. Alternate translation: "so that I do not punish the people of Israel again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/18/06.md b/num/18/06.md index a7a8ea8abf..ef44213384 100644 --- a/num/18/06.md +++ b/num/18/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron is spoken of as if they were a gift # given to me Here "given" to God represents being set apart to serve God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which I have set apart for myself" or "and I have set them apart for myself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/18/07.md b/num/18/07.md index 639843d544..40576825ed 100644 --- a/num/18/07.md +++ b/num/18/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Any foreigner who app # who approaches What they should not approach can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "who approaches the sacred things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/18/08.md b/num/18/08.md index c27c563f26..617397bc2e 100644 --- a/num/18/08.md +++ b/num/18/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had a # as your assigned portion for all time A share is a portion of something that someone receives. Alternate translation: "as the portion that you will continually receive" - diff --git a/num/18/09.md b/num/18/09.md index 20b3b73358..38ed7b80da 100644 --- a/num/18/09.md +++ b/num/18/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # kept from the fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you do not completely burn on the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/18/10.md b/num/18/10.md index 5aad275890..fe700ff6ac 100644 --- a/num/18/10.md +++ b/num/18/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Aaron. - diff --git a/num/18/11.md b/num/18/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/18/11.md +++ b/num/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/18/12.md b/num/18/12.md index 62aa1ca8a7..560a30ebc9 100644 --- a/num/18/12.md +++ b/num/18/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues speaking to Aaron. # the firstfruits This refers to the first of the best oil, wine, and grain that they harvest. - diff --git a/num/18/13.md b/num/18/13.md index 4c9143c22b..f9673845c1 100644 --- a/num/18/13.md +++ b/num/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Everyone who is clean in your family Being acceptable to God is spoken of as if they were clean. Alternate translation: "Everyone in your family who is acceptable to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/18/14.md b/num/18/14.md index 5aad275890..fe700ff6ac 100644 --- a/num/18/14.md +++ b/num/18/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Aaron. - diff --git a/num/18/15.md b/num/18/15.md index 6db0339dd2..2a20dc4f32 100644 --- a/num/18/15.md +++ b/num/18/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Every first issue of the womb, all the firstborn The word "firstborn" means the same thing and explains the phrase "first issue of the womb." - diff --git a/num/18/16.md b/num/18/16.md index 693bf91987..74ed43f1eb 100644 --- a/num/18/16.md +++ b/num/18/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A shekel is a unit of weight. What was weighed can be stated clearly. Alternate # sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. It weighed twenty gerahs, which was about 11 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/num/18/17.md b/num/18/17.md index 989a4b31a1..28a58654e5 100644 --- a/num/18/17.md +++ b/num/18/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you make by fire # an aroma pleasing to Yahweh The Lord's pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: "and Yahweh will be pleased with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/18/18.md b/num/18/18.md index e28f1a0a53..a62b2b95d5 100644 --- a/num/18/18.md +++ b/num/18/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the breast and the right thigh that are lifted as an offering This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the breast and the right thigh that you lift up as a gift to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/18/19.md b/num/18/19.md index 963c8c5a61..5068700f96 100644 --- a/num/18/19.md +++ b/num/18/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The two phrases refer to the same thing. Together they emphasize that the covena # an everlasting covenant of salt "a covenant made with salt." Salt represented permanence and was used in offerings and covenant meals. Alternate translation: "a permanent covenant" or "an everlasting covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/18/20.md b/num/18/20.md index 60f7b5909f..4561d62a71 100644 --- a/num/18/20.md +++ b/num/18/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks of the land that the other people will possess as if they will inheri # I am your share and inheritance God speaks of the great honor that Aaron and his descendants will have by serving him as priests as if God were something that they will inherit. Alternate translation: "Instead, I am what you will have" or "Instead, I will allow you to serve me and I will provide for you through that service" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/18/21.md b/num/18/21.md index 28182ce8a6..5c82a40133 100644 --- a/num/18/21.md +++ b/num/18/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "look" here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: "inde # as their inheritance God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: "as their portion of what I give to all Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/18/22.md b/num/18/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/18/22.md +++ b/num/18/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/18/23.md b/num/18/23.md index 729a088bd8..83a4e2debc 100644 --- a/num/18/23.md +++ b/num/18/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues speaking to Aaron. # Among the people of Israel they must have no inheritance God speaks of the land that the other people of Israel will possess as if they will inherit it. The Levites would not receive any of the land. Alternate translation: "they must not have any of the land that the other people of Israel receive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/18/24.md b/num/18/24.md index 4403b1505a..f767006348 100644 --- a/num/18/24.md +++ b/num/18/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as their inheritance God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: "as their portion of what I give to all Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/18/25.md b/num/18/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/18/25.md +++ b/num/18/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/18/26.md b/num/18/26.md index 19b4f0e555..0199d91163 100644 --- a/num/18/26.md +++ b/num/18/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Israel would offer Yahweh a tenth of their crops and animals, and # for your inheritance God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: "as your portion of what I give to all Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/18/27.md b/num/18/27.md index 5f7ba91c6b..502c1ba97d 100644 --- a/num/18/27.md +++ b/num/18/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your contribution must be considered by you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must consider your contribution" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/18/28.md b/num/18/28.md index 54594aa47f..6b7767c77e 100644 --- a/num/18/28.md +++ b/num/18/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues tell Moses what he must tell the Levites. # you must give his contribution to Aaron the priest Here "his" refers to Yahweh. It was Yahweh's contribution in the sense that they had to give it to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "you must give Aaron the priest the contribution that you owe Yahweh" - diff --git a/num/18/29.md b/num/18/29.md index 9d19af1481..5b7b34137f 100644 --- a/num/18/29.md +++ b/num/18/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that have been given to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the people of Israel give to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/18/30.md b/num/18/30.md index 3c2d78d432..28b146d39f 100644 --- a/num/18/30.md +++ b/num/18/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God continues speaking to Moses. # the best of it "the best of what you have received from the people of Israel" - diff --git a/num/18/31.md b/num/18/31.md index 2f7b8d92f2..8f3eb86079 100644 --- a/num/18/31.md +++ b/num/18/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the rest of your gifts The "gifts" are the offerings that the Israelites give to God and that the Levites receive from them. - diff --git a/num/18/32.md b/num/18/32.md index 2f19c51795..ee4c9474fa 100644 --- a/num/18/32.md +++ b/num/18/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You will not bear any sin by eating and drinking it The word "sin" here is a metonym for the guilt that comes from committing sin. Alternate translation: "You will not be guilty when you eat and drink it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/18/intro.md b/num/18/intro.md index 4531f17df5..47d503351d 100644 --- a/num/18/intro.md +++ b/num/18/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 18 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Tithes and offerings +### Tithes and offerings The tribes of Israel were required to bring a tithe to the Levites in order to free them to serve Yahweh as priests. There is a detailed description of what belonged to Yahweh in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ The tribes of Israel were required to bring a tithe to the Levites in order to f * __[Numbers 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/19/01.md b/num/19/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/19/01.md +++ b/num/19/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/19/02.md b/num/19/02.md index a883aaf6ef..587a57338a 100644 --- a/num/19/02.md +++ b/num/19/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "you" is singular and refers to Moses. # flaw or blemish These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that this animal is to have no imperfections. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/num/19/03.md b/num/19/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/19/03.md +++ b/num/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/19/04.md b/num/19/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/19/04.md +++ b/num/19/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/19/05.md b/num/19/05.md index c4dd84d04f..77776c3aaa 100644 --- a/num/19/05.md +++ b/num/19/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in his sight "in his view" or "so he could see it" - diff --git a/num/19/06.md b/num/19/06.md index 3f1fb76e50..7a7990cafa 100644 --- a/num/19/06.md +++ b/num/19/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # scarlet wool "red wool" - diff --git a/num/19/07.md b/num/19/07.md index 4c573003f5..4709d791e3 100644 --- a/num/19/07.md +++ b/num/19/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "he" refers to Eleazar the priest. # he will remain unclean Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/19/08.md b/num/19/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/19/08.md +++ b/num/19/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/19/09.md b/num/19/09.md index 6499f3de5e..3bced4ad4f 100644 --- a/num/19/09.md +++ b/num/19/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must keep these a # in a clean place Being acceptable to God is spoken of as being clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/19/10.md b/num/19/10.md index efa9162fae..2f7504f40b 100644 --- a/num/19/10.md +++ b/num/19/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will remain unclean Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/19/11.md b/num/19/11.md index bfc5a9c36b..de3dbfbf87 100644 --- a/num/19/11.md +++ b/num/19/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The ideas of "clean" and "purify" represent being acceptable to God. The ideas o # the dead body of any man "the dead body of any person" - diff --git a/num/19/12.md b/num/19/12.md index 58300cc3b5..ff7509104a 100644 --- a/num/19/12.md +++ b/num/19/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person would ask someone who is clean to purify him by sprinkling on him som # if he does not purify himself the third day, then he will not be clean on the seventh day This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "he will be clean on the seventh day only if he purifies himself the third day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/num/19/13.md b/num/19/13.md index f623c04877..f2639bbf81 100644 --- a/num/19/13.md +++ b/num/19/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one sprinkled the # He will remain unclean; his uncleanness will remain on him These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/num/19/14.md b/num/19/14.md index d3e8dfce41..11a056d644 100644 --- a/num/19/14.md +++ b/num/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The idea of "unclean" represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/19/15.md b/num/19/15.md index 8969b00062..a92c54241b 100644 --- a/num/19/15.md +++ b/num/19/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Every open container with no cover becomes unclean This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "Open containers will remain clean only if they have covers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/num/19/16.md b/num/19/16.md index be00f2b5aa..5850b9e5c2 100644 --- a/num/19/16.md +++ b/num/19/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # someone who has been killed with a sword This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone whom someone else has killed with a sword" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/19/17.md b/num/19/17.md index 0d28213d47..310c295d51 100644 --- a/num/19/17.md +++ b/num/19/17.md @@ -2,4 +2,3 @@ The idea of "unclean" represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) The ideas of "clean" and "purify" here represent being acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/19/18.md b/num/19/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/19/18.md +++ b/num/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/19/19.md b/num/19/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/19/19.md +++ b/num/19/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/19/20.md b/num/19/20.md index 7ecf5f1cf8..b74922ec3d 100644 --- a/num/19/20.md +++ b/num/19/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the phrase "be cut off" means to be disowned and sent away. See how you tra # The water for impurity has not been sprinkled on him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one has sprinkled the water for impurity on him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/19/21.md b/num/19/21.md index 219f28cceb..1106df2fc8 100644 --- a/num/19/21.md +++ b/num/19/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the water for impurity "the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure" or "the water for making things pure." See how you translated this in [Numbers 19:13](../19/13.md) - diff --git a/num/19/22.md b/num/19/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/19/22.md +++ b/num/19/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/19/intro.md b/num/19/intro.md index 303c6922b5..a039f7f17c 100644 --- a/num/19/intro.md +++ b/num/19/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 19 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Ritually clean +### Ritually clean This chapter talks about being clean. Some of these rituals were required to make a priest clean in order to set them apart to serve Yahweh. Other rituals were required because they prevented people from getting sick. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ This chapter talks about being clean. Some of these rituals were required to mak * __[Numbers 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/20/01.md b/num/20/01.md index 7eed0ee2ea..2e6ced3ecf 100644 --- a/num/20/01.md +++ b/num/20/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God rescued the Is # was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they buried her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/20/02.md b/num/20/02.md index 000f489e66..456291017d 100644 --- a/num/20/02.md +++ b/num/20/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "they" refers to the community. # assembled together "came as a mob" - diff --git a/num/20/03.md b/num/20/03.md index 81975e1a3a..be920caf31 100644 --- a/num/20/03.md +++ b/num/20/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in front of Yahweh This represents being in front of Yahweh's tent. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/20/04.md b/num/20/04.md index 0a2cb2aa52..33a4b75879 100644 --- a/num/20/04.md +++ b/num/20/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Israel continue to complain to Moses and Aaron. # Why have you brought Yahweh's community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals? The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not have brought Yahweh's community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/20/05.md b/num/20/05.md index 14ec90933c..ff125f77ce 100644 --- a/num/20/05.md +++ b/num/20/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why did you make us come up out of Egypt to bring us to this horrible place? The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not have made us leave Egypt to bring us to this horrible place." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/20/06.md b/num/20/06.md index e09246aec2..c978faac80 100644 --- a/num/20/06.md +++ b/num/20/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lay facedown This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/20/07.md b/num/20/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/20/07.md +++ b/num/20/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/20/08.md b/num/20/08.md index 3895427843..647d2297c6 100644 --- a/num/20/08.md +++ b/num/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before their eyes Here the people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: "while they watch you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/20/09.md b/num/20/09.md index f4b4fbb1bc..1f6c32bbf3 100644 --- a/num/20/09.md +++ b/num/20/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from before Yahweh This represents Yahweh's tent. Alternate translation: "from Yahweh's tent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/20/10.md b/num/20/10.md index 660f2ce901..b26f3986c1 100644 --- a/num/20/10.md +++ b/num/20/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses asks this question out of frustration to rebuke the people for complaining # Must we bring Here "we" refers to Moses and Aaron and may include Yahweh, but does not include the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/num/20/11.md b/num/20/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/20/11.md +++ b/num/20/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/20/12.md b/num/20/12.md index 6502fe8a90..8f4179d4ca 100644 --- a/num/20/12.md +++ b/num/20/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ How Moses showed that he did not trust and honor God can be stated clearly. Alte # in the eyes of the people of Israel Here the people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: "while the people of Israel were watching you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/20/13.md b/num/20/13.md index 7d223504fe..be61c40701 100644 --- a/num/20/13.md +++ b/num/20/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This place was called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People called this place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/20/14.md b/num/20/14.md index 5d13c4eb1a..923c97d90d 100644 --- a/num/20/14.md +++ b/num/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your brother Israel Moses uses this phrase to emphasize that the Israelites and the Edomites are related because their ancestors, Jacob and Esau, were brothers. - diff --git a/num/20/15.md b/num/20/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/20/15.md +++ b/num/20/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/20/16.md b/num/20/16.md index 90adef73ea..5053dbefd5 100644 --- a/num/20/16.md +++ b/num/20/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "voice" represents their crying or what they said to him. Alternate transla # Look The word "look" here shows that they have stopped speaking about the past and are now speaking about their present situation. - diff --git a/num/20/17.md b/num/20/17.md index 60be1d2351..e3e5f2652a 100644 --- a/num/20/17.md +++ b/num/20/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "turn aside" represents leaving the road. Alternate translation: "We will n # the king's highway This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south. - diff --git a/num/20/18.md b/num/20/18.md index ed9d9afbc1..d0608e9339 100644 --- a/num/20/18.md +++ b/num/20/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" is singular and refers to Moses, who represents the people of Israel. # I will come with the sword Here the sword represents the king's army. Alternate translation: "I will send my army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/20/19.md b/num/20/19.md index 09823ed7ed..01ab58c651 100644 --- a/num/20/19.md +++ b/num/20/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to the Israelite messengers. # walk through on foot This idiom means that they would simply travel through the area by walking. They would not come in chariots to attack the people of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/20/20.md b/num/20/20.md index 41714a1bd4..e4fcc4ee0f 100644 --- a/num/20/20.md +++ b/num/20/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the king of Edom came against Israel with a strong hand with many soldiers Here the hand represents the king's powerful army. Alternate translation: "the king of Edom sent a strong army of many soldiers to attack Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/20/21.md b/num/20/21.md index 4e19eed6cc..34b3de6b6e 100644 --- a/num/20/21.md +++ b/num/20/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cross over their border Here "their" refers to the Edomites. - diff --git a/num/20/22.md b/num/20/22.md index a7cd87b797..9d028710a4 100644 --- a/num/20/22.md +++ b/num/20/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The people of Israel, the whole community The phrase "the whole community" emphasizes that every person who was a part of "the people of Israel" was present, without exception. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/num/20/23.md b/num/20/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/20/23.md +++ b/num/20/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/20/24.md b/num/20/24.md index 99955fe174..6284d068e6 100644 --- a/num/20/24.md +++ b/num/20/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a gentle way to say that Aaron must die. It means that it is time for Aa # rebelled against my word "refused to do what I said" - diff --git a/num/20/25.md b/num/20/25.md index b20d63ec5e..441a2e8740 100644 --- a/num/20/25.md +++ b/num/20/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Moses. - diff --git a/num/20/26.md b/num/20/26.md index 5c43054daa..e12b31bcc9 100644 --- a/num/20/26.md +++ b/num/20/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # must die and be gathered to his people These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They mean that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/num/20/27.md b/num/20/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/20/27.md +++ b/num/20/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/20/28.md b/num/20/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/20/28.md +++ b/num/20/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/20/29.md b/num/20/29.md index bff1aee296..c95225aa7b 100644 --- a/num/20/29.md +++ b/num/20/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty days "30 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/20/intro.md b/num/20/intro.md index 6aa9f854dc..fa74723762 100644 --- a/num/20/intro.md +++ b/num/20/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,21 @@ # Numbers 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Moses's sin +### Moses's sin God told Moses to command water to come out of a rock for the people who were complaining that they had no water. Moses became angry with the people and hit the rock twice. God told him that he and Aaron would not be allowed to go into Canaan because he disobeyed by hitting the rock instead of just speaking to it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### "It would have been better if we had died when our fellow Israelites died in front of Yahweh" +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### "It would have been better if we had died when our fellow Israelites died in front of Yahweh" + It is possible that this statement should be taken as hyperbole, but it does not have to be taken this way. The translator should probably avoid treating this as hyperbole. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Wilderness of Sin +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Wilderness of Sin + Sin is the name of a place in this chapter. It is not a place that is known for its sin. The name is not related to the meaning of the word "sin." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +23,3 @@ Sin is the name of a place in this chapter. It is not a place that is known for * __[Numbers 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/21/01.md b/num/21/01.md index 77d6e02481..76c28169c8 100644 --- a/num/21/01.md +++ b/num/21/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he fought against Israel Here "he fought" means that his army fought. Alternate translation: "his army fought against Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/21/02.md b/num/21/02.md index 85cc96fc1f..a55e631277 100644 --- a/num/21/02.md +++ b/num/21/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Israel vowed This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "The people of Israel vowed" or "The Israelites made a vow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/21/03.md b/num/21/03.md index fc506382aa..8edd2a67c5 100644 --- a/num/21/03.md +++ b/num/21/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "voice" is a metonym that refers to their request. Alternate translation: " # That place was named Hormah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They named that place Hormah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/21/04.md b/num/21/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/21/04.md +++ b/num/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/21/05.md b/num/21/05.md index 802826720a..c577f6d910 100644 --- a/num/21/05.md +++ b/num/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? The people used this question in order to rebuke Moses. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not made us leave Egypt to die in the wilderness!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/21/06.md b/num/21/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/21/06.md +++ b/num/21/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/21/07.md b/num/21/07.md index 7d197009ed..7dca652754 100644 --- a/num/21/07.md +++ b/num/21/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we have spoken ... from us The words "we" and "us" here refer to the people but not to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/num/21/08.md b/num/21/08.md index c12e4ceea2..9f732e1f46 100644 --- a/num/21/08.md +++ b/num/21/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Since it is impossible for Moses to make a real snake, it is implied that he was # everyone who is bitten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everyone whom a snake bites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/21/09.md b/num/21/09.md index 9133e72a01..808d4fa444 100644 --- a/num/21/09.md +++ b/num/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if he looked at the bronze snake, he survived Here "he" refers to "any person" who was bitten by a snake. - diff --git a/num/21/10.md b/num/21/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/21/10.md +++ b/num/21/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/21/11.md b/num/21/11.md index f781733283..a2762ac6ba 100644 --- a/num/21/11.md +++ b/num/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that faces Moab Here "faces" is an idiom that means "is across from" or "is next to." Alternate translation: "that is next to Moab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/21/12.md b/num/21/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/21/12.md +++ b/num/21/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/21/13.md b/num/21/13.md index 2481d49d0f..e263be1c22 100644 --- a/num/21/13.md +++ b/num/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # forms the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites This means that the two peoples lived on different sides of the river, which was a boundary between them. The Moabite people lived south of the river and the Amorites lived on the north. - diff --git a/num/21/14.md b/num/21/14.md index c86ea786ef..fc76cd5060 100644 --- a/num/21/14.md +++ b/num/21/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zahab in Suphah These are both names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/21/15.md b/num/21/15.md index 92b25b948a..27a631ba39 100644 --- a/num/21/15.md +++ b/num/21/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the slope of the valleys that lead toward the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab "the valleys that go downhill to the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab" - diff --git a/num/21/16.md b/num/21/16.md index 7c9dbecaa0..621c4462a5 100644 --- a/num/21/16.md +++ b/num/21/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated as two sentences. Alternate translation: "to Beer. There was # where Yahweh said to Moses, "Gather the people together for me to give them water." This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "where Yahweh told Moses to gather the people together for him to give them water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/num/21/17.md b/num/21/17.md index ecf0d791ae..863da4c0bb 100644 --- a/num/21/17.md +++ b/num/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Spring up, well Here "well" represents the water in the well. The Israelites are speaking to the water as if it were a person who could hear them, and they are asking for it to fill the well. Alternate translation: "Water, fill up the well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/num/21/18.md b/num/21/18.md index f2327f7ce6..bca8c5ba0e 100644 --- a/num/21/18.md +++ b/num/21/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the role of the le # with the scepter and their staffs A scepter was carried by those with authority, and the staff was carried by everyone. Neither of these are digging tools. These two items emphasize that they were not too proud to use any means available. Alternate translation: "using even their scepter and staffs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/21/19.md b/num/21/19.md index 60cf952c50..2738d5d129 100644 --- a/num/21/19.md +++ b/num/21/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nahaliel ... Bamoth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/21/20.md b/num/21/20.md index ca954aea2d..eaa2048eb3 100644 --- a/num/21/20.md +++ b/num/21/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # looks down on the wilderness This is an idiom. It is a way of saying that the mountain is high, and speaks of the mountain as if it were a person who looks down to see the wilderness below him. Alternate translation: "rises above the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/num/21/21.md b/num/21/21.md index 6e58a5fb1a..ac6013a272 100644 --- a/num/21/21.md +++ b/num/21/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Israel Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel, and especially to their leaders. Alternate translation: "Then the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/21/22.md b/num/21/22.md index 666da31767..6bde14b6af 100644 --- a/num/21/22.md +++ b/num/21/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the king's highway This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south. See how you translated this in [Numbers 20:17](../20/17.md). - diff --git a/num/21/23.md b/num/21/23.md index ad9ec69dba..23403ae674 100644 --- a/num/21/23.md +++ b/num/21/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # he fought against Israel Here "he" refers to King Sihon who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "they fought against the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/21/24.md b/num/21/24.md index f59b592b54..984dae2f75 100644 --- a/num/21/24.md +++ b/num/21/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "The Israel # was fortified "was strongly defended." The Israelites did not attack the Ammonites. - diff --git a/num/21/25.md b/num/21/25.md index 1899feb050..2f534a7e4d 100644 --- a/num/21/25.md +++ b/num/21/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Heshbon and all of its villages Here "its" is possessive to show that a relationship existed between the city of Heshbon and these nearby villages. Alternate translation: "Heshbon and the nearby villages that it controlled" - diff --git a/num/21/26.md b/num/21/26.md index c6b7b4dbea..76ea952b61 100644 --- a/num/21/26.md +++ b/num/21/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sihon had taken all his land Here "his" refers to the king of Moab. - diff --git a/num/21/27.md b/num/21/27.md index 7caf607a88..c975400a22 100644 --- a/num/21/27.md +++ b/num/21/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let someone rebuild a # rebuilt and established These two terms are very similar and emphasize that the city will be fully rebuilt. Alternate translation: "completely rebuilt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/num/21/28.md b/num/21/28.md index ac813c237d..ab32b1e99b 100644 --- a/num/21/28.md +++ b/num/21/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that destruction w # devoured Ar of Moab The army of Sihon is spoken of as if it was an animal that ate up the city of Ar. Alternate translation: "destroyed the town of Ar in the land of Moab" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/21/29.md b/num/21/29.md index 6c13b0feac..63af5e2dd0 100644 --- a/num/21/29.md +++ b/num/21/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases refer to the same people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-para # He has made his sons "He" and "his" refer to Chemosh. - diff --git a/num/21/30.md b/num/21/30.md index 416afeb70a..d1ae455b05 100644 --- a/num/21/30.md +++ b/num/21/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We have devastated He # Heshbon ... all the way to Dibon ... all the way to Nophah ... to Medeba These are all places in Sihon's kingdom. This means the Israelites destroyed Sihon's entire nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/num/21/31.md b/num/21/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/21/31.md +++ b/num/21/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/21/32.md b/num/21/32.md index c80537fb10..179235b5b9 100644 --- a/num/21/32.md +++ b/num/21/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # drove out "chased away" - diff --git a/num/21/33.md b/num/21/33.md index e64eedc616..e9284a5881 100644 --- a/num/21/33.md +++ b/num/21/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # went out against them "attacked them" - diff --git a/num/21/34.md b/num/21/34.md index 13aca4fe34..1a90171a9e 100644 --- a/num/21/34.md +++ b/num/21/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites The Israelites had completely destroyed Sihon. Alternate translation: "Destroy him like you destroyed Sihon king of the Amorites" - diff --git a/num/21/35.md b/num/21/35.md index 7f957e1231..3aa74644f3 100644 --- a/num/21/35.md +++ b/num/21/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all of his people wer # they took over his land "they took control of his land" - diff --git a/num/21/intro.md b/num/21/intro.md index ef21d8bf74..6675581944 100644 --- a/num/21/intro.md +++ b/num/21/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Numbers 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 21:14-15, 17-18, 27-30. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Ungrateful +### Ungrateful The Israelites said, "Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? There is no bread, no water, and we hate this miserable food." After all Yahweh had done, they were very ungrateful. This showed their lack of faith and trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The Israelites said, "Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wild * __[Numbers 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/22/01.md b/num/22/01.md index c30b3d1689..c5935e6724 100644 --- a/num/22/01.md +++ b/num/22/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the other side of the Jordan River from the city The Israelites were camped on the east side of the Jordan River. Jericho was on the west side of the river. - diff --git a/num/22/02.md b/num/22/02.md index abc6f27c4c..456fd26fa1 100644 --- a/num/22/02.md +++ b/num/22/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Balak was king of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Zippor Zippor is the father of Balak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/22/03.md b/num/22/03.md index 5e5db7ff08..239106cc75 100644 --- a/num/22/03.md +++ b/num/22/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Moab" refers to the people of Moab. Alternate translation: "All of the Moa # because they were many "because there were many of them" - diff --git a/num/22/04.md b/num/22/04.md index c5e770c0d1..e817fe3a49 100644 --- a/num/22/04.md +++ b/num/22/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The way the Israelites will destroy their enemies is spoken of as if they were a # Now Balak son of Zippor was king of Moab at that time This changes from the main story to background information about Balak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/num/22/05.md b/num/22/05.md index 951fb76c99..8926effd43 100644 --- a/num/22/05.md +++ b/num/22/05.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is an exaggeration to emphasize how many of them there were. Alternate tran # the face of the earth This refers to the surface of the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/22/06.md b/num/22/06.md index 1f73c3d757..7eda3030ad 100644 --- a/num/22/06.md +++ b/num/22/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I know that those you bless will be blessed, and that those you curse will be cursed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I know you have the power to bless or to curse people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/22/07.md b/num/22/07.md index c1e1751c24..70b33e2c11 100644 --- a/num/22/07.md +++ b/num/22/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may prefer to say "They went to Balaam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]] # Balak This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). - diff --git a/num/22/08.md b/num/22/08.md index f0d831a50e..e59ecb1384 100644 --- a/num/22/08.md +++ b/num/22/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will bring you Balaam's report is spoken of as if it were something that he would carry to the messengers. Alternate translation: "I will tell you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/22/09.md b/num/22/09.md index d0ed1d263a..29310c14f4 100644 --- a/num/22/09.md +++ b/num/22/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Who are these men who came to you? Yahweh uses a question to introduce a new topic of conversation. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Tell me about these men who came to you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/22/10.md b/num/22/10.md index 98f4e5930c..1f5968ca1e 100644 --- a/num/22/10.md +++ b/num/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Balak ... Zippor These are the names of men. See how you translated these in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). - diff --git a/num/22/11.md b/num/22/11.md index 0470cea12d..6f194ca311 100644 --- a/num/22/11.md +++ b/num/22/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Balaam restates the message that Balak sent to him. See how you translated these # drive them out "chase them away" - diff --git a/num/22/12.md b/num/22/12.md index 51a0a3b255..2dbc5b8218 100644 --- a/num/22/12.md +++ b/num/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because they have been blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because I have blessed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/22/13.md b/num/22/13.md index 99ec3e640f..64ec306179 100644 --- a/num/22/13.md +++ b/num/22/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Balak This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). - diff --git a/num/22/14.md b/num/22/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/22/14.md +++ b/num/22/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/22/15.md b/num/22/15.md index 99ec3e640f..64ec306179 100644 --- a/num/22/15.md +++ b/num/22/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Balak This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). - diff --git a/num/22/16.md b/num/22/16.md index 17d6a71176..3725768e92 100644 --- a/num/22/16.md +++ b/num/22/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They came to Balaam You may prefer to say "They went to Balaam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/num/22/17.md b/num/22/17.md index 037330681d..4ef40b8c83 100644 --- a/num/22/17.md +++ b/num/22/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this people The singular noun refers to the Israelites as a group. Alternate translation: "this group of people" - diff --git a/num/22/18.md b/num/22/18.md index d3be48e476..82647022e4 100644 --- a/num/22/18.md +++ b/num/22/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Balaam is describing something that would never happen. He is emphasizing that t # I cannot go beyond the word of Yahweh ... and do less or more than what he tells me This means Balaam cannot disobey Yahweh in any way. - diff --git a/num/22/19.md b/num/22/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/22/19.md +++ b/num/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/22/20.md b/num/22/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/22/20.md +++ b/num/22/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/22/21.md b/num/22/21.md index 1a76f94662..65c766be71 100644 --- a/num/22/21.md +++ b/num/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # saddled his donkey A saddle is a seat put on the back of an animal in order to ride it. - diff --git a/num/22/22.md b/num/22/22.md index ca52fe5669..563f7b8313 100644 --- a/num/22/22.md +++ b/num/22/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The increase in God's anger is spoken of as if it was a fire starting to burn. T # as someone hostile to Balaam "as an enemy to Balaam" or "in order to stop Balaam" - diff --git a/num/22/23.md b/num/22/23.md index d2ea6527fe..3d5816a1f0 100644 --- a/num/22/23.md +++ b/num/22/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The donkey did this to avoid the angel of Yahweh. # to turn her back Sometimes animals are referred to as "her" or "she." Alternate translation: "to turn it back" - diff --git a/num/22/24.md b/num/22/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/22/24.md +++ b/num/22/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/22/25.md b/num/22/25.md index ca0af7d8e0..bc980bc239 100644 --- a/num/22/25.md +++ b/num/22/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Sometimes animals are referred to as "her" or "she." Alternate translation: "It # pinned Balaam's foot against it "pushed Balaam's foot against it" or "hurt Balaam's foot against it" - diff --git a/num/22/26.md b/num/22/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/22/26.md +++ b/num/22/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/22/27.md b/num/22/27.md index 46b019a86b..7c1e555383 100644 --- a/num/22/27.md +++ b/num/22/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Balaam's anger was kindled The increase in Balaam's anger is spoken of as if it was a fire starting to burn. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 22:22](../22/22.md). Alternate translation: "Balaam became very angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/22/28.md b/num/22/28.md index 593a01fa71..54dea46959 100644 --- a/num/22/28.md +++ b/num/22/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Opening the mouth is associated with the ability to speak. Alternate translation # She said to Balaam "The donkey said to Balaam" - diff --git a/num/22/29.md b/num/22/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/22/29.md +++ b/num/22/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/22/30.md b/num/22/30.md index 18954ae464..4a2c600b10 100644 --- a/num/22/30.md +++ b/num/22/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question was used to convict Balaam that his judgment of the don # Have I ever been in the habit of doing such things to you before? This rhetorical question was used to further convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I have never been in the habit of doing such things to you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/22/31.md b/num/22/31.md index 25c7422ebd..dad8791f72 100644 --- a/num/22/31.md +++ b/num/22/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. See how you transl # Balaam bowed down and lay facedown This indicates that Balaam is humbling himself before the angel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/22/32.md b/num/22/32.md index d52eb1b062..9f8827a01b 100644 --- a/num/22/32.md +++ b/num/22/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to accuse Balaam of doing wrong. This can be tr # as someone hostile to you "as an enemy to you" or "to oppose you" - diff --git a/num/22/33.md b/num/22/33.md index c2af927c83..c832a3816c 100644 --- a/num/22/33.md +++ b/num/22/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If she had not turned ... killed you and spared her life This statement indicates what could have happened but did not. The donkey's actions saved Balaam. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/num/22/34.md b/num/22/34.md index 92aeea6725..262033c2c9 100644 --- a/num/22/34.md +++ b/num/22/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So now, if it is displeasing to you "So if you do not want me to continue going" - diff --git a/num/22/35.md b/num/22/35.md index 168442697d..2022b507da 100644 --- a/num/22/35.md +++ b/num/22/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with the leaders of Balak "with the leaders whom Balak had sent." See how you translated "Balak" in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). - diff --git a/num/22/36.md b/num/22/36.md index c075bdd7b7..bfed5c9c81 100644 --- a/num/22/36.md +++ b/num/22/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Arnon This is the name of a river. See how you translated it in [Numbers 21:13](../21/13.md). - diff --git a/num/22/37.md b/num/22/37.md index 8ed34289f3..dc3af85c94 100644 --- a/num/22/37.md +++ b/num/22/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can # Am I not able to honor you? This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Surely you know that I am able to pay you money for coming to me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/22/38.md b/num/22/38.md index b8d0342d47..29a87af4da 100644 --- a/num/22/38.md +++ b/num/22/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Balaam uses this rhetorical question to tell Balak that he will not be able to d # the words that God puts into my mouth The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. Alternate translation: "the message that God wants me to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/22/39.md b/num/22/39.md index 2eacdd3681..166ec1bda9 100644 --- a/num/22/39.md +++ b/num/22/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Kiriath Huzoth This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/22/40.md b/num/22/40.md index bb74c447a2..c8c7d717d4 100644 --- a/num/22/40.md +++ b/num/22/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # some meat "some of the meat from the sacrifices" - diff --git a/num/22/41.md b/num/22/41.md index 1f23e0a953..904e651ef9 100644 --- a/num/22/41.md +++ b/num/22/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the high place of Baal These words could refer to 1) the same place as Bamoth in [Numbers 21:19](../21/19.md); the word Bamoth means "the high place." Or 2) another high place where people sacrificed to Baal. - diff --git a/num/22/intro.md b/num/22/intro.md index f1919c778b..edec5e25b8 100644 --- a/num/22/intro.md +++ b/num/22/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # Numbers 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + The chapter begins a section on Balaam. The king of Moab wanted the prophet Balaam to come and curse Israel. God told him not to go but he wanted to go; so God told him to say only what God wanted him to say. Yahweh was able to use Balaam, even though he was not a prophet of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) ## Links: @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ The chapter begins a section on Balaam. The king of Moab wanted the prophet Bala * __[Numbers 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/23/01.md b/num/23/01.md index d300164876..9e1304c893 100644 --- a/num/23/01.md +++ b/num/23/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02 # prepare seven bulls and seven rams "kill seven bulls and seven rams as a sacrifice" - diff --git a/num/23/02.md b/num/23/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/23/02.md +++ b/num/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/23/03.md b/num/23/03.md index eda4c2d657..a24af71dce 100644 --- a/num/23/03.md +++ b/num/23/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Stand at your burnt offering and I will go "Stay here with your burnt offering and I will go a distance away" - diff --git a/num/23/04.md b/num/23/04.md index 0c0acce52f..eeeff18fe3 100644 --- a/num/23/04.md +++ b/num/23/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have offered up a bull and a ram It has already been stated that he killed these animals as a burnt offering. Alternate translation: "I have killed a bull and a ram and burnt them as an offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/23/05.md b/num/23/05.md index f6db68d81b..c572249e89 100644 --- a/num/23/05.md +++ b/num/23/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh put a message in Balaam's mouth Here Yahweh giving Balaam a message to speak is spoken of as if Yahweh placed it in his mouth. Alternate translation: "Yahweh told Balaam what he wanted him to say to Balak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/23/06.md b/num/23/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/23/06.md +++ b/num/23/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/23/07.md b/num/23/07.md index 99fdc7db55..18b5cbc8cd 100644 --- a/num/23/07.md +++ b/num/23/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] # denounce Israel To "denounce" here means to judge someone harshly, to consider Israel guilty of great evil. - diff --git a/num/23/08.md b/num/23/08.md index 00c714033a..0d39fcffa8 100644 --- a/num/23/08.md +++ b/num/23/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These rhetorical questions emphasize Balaam's refusal to disobey God. They can b # denounce ... denounce To "denounce" here means to judge someone harshly, to consider Israel guilty of great evil. See how you translated this word in [Numbers 23:7](../23/07.md). - diff --git a/num/23/09.md b/num/23/09.md index eae65b0435..501f3e6bfb 100644 --- a/num/23/09.md +++ b/num/23/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "him" is a metonym that refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # do not consider themselves as just an ordinary nation This negative statement is used to stress that the opposite is true. Alternate translation: "they consider themselves to be a special nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/num/23/10.md b/num/23/10.md index 9424ae88a7..1cd2b3899c 100644 --- a/num/23/10.md +++ b/num/23/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is understood that this will be a peaceful death. This can be stated. Alterna # a righteous person ... like his These are metonymies that refer to the people of Israel as a single person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/23/11.md b/num/23/11.md index 482524ea93..26dc9dec5e 100644 --- a/num/23/11.md +++ b/num/23/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Balak uses this question to scold Balaam. This rhetorical question can be transl # but look This emphasizes the shocking action that follows. - diff --git a/num/23/12.md b/num/23/12.md index a98feebd0d..719453cb1b 100644 --- a/num/23/12.md +++ b/num/23/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Balaam uses this rhetorical question to defend his actions. This can be translat # to say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 22:38](../22/38.md). Alternate translation: "to say only what Yahweh wants me to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/23/13.md b/num/23/13.md index 81f7e7fd59..dc8fb07521 100644 --- a/num/23/13.md +++ b/num/23/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There you will curse them for me "There you will curse the Israelites for me" - diff --git a/num/23/14.md b/num/23/14.md index 4792db374b..62b3c98384 100644 --- a/num/23/14.md +++ b/num/23/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators may add a footnote that says: "The word 'Zophim' means 'to watch' or # Mount Pisgah This is the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 21:20](../21/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/23/15.md b/num/23/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/23/15.md +++ b/num/23/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/23/16.md b/num/23/16.md index a1bb8d6038..aca7a3c773 100644 --- a/num/23/16.md +++ b/num/23/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See # He said "Then Yahweh said" - diff --git a/num/23/17.md b/num/23/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/23/17.md +++ b/num/23/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/23/18.md b/num/23/18.md index dae8d1ecb3..5030b71fc0 100644 --- a/num/23/18.md +++ b/num/23/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how importan # Balak ... son of Zippor See how you translated these names in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). - diff --git a/num/23/19.md b/num/23/19.md index afd000a263..a8d3421734 100644 --- a/num/23/19.md +++ b/num/23/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Has he promised anything without doing it? Has he said he would do something without carrying it out? Both of these questions mean the same thing and emphasize that God does what he says he will. These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "He has never promised a thing without fulfilling what he promised. He has always done exactly what he said he would do." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/23/20.md b/num/23/20.md index 126e6c4eff..5cf971d91d 100644 --- a/num/23/20.md +++ b/num/23/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have been commanded to bless This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has commanded me to bless the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/23/21.md b/num/23/21.md index 67e7550fa0..c62f1c8b8b 100644 --- a/num/23/21.md +++ b/num/23/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. Possible meanings are 1) God has given Is # the shout of the king is among them "they shout with joy because Yahweh is their king" - diff --git a/num/23/22.md b/num/23/22.md index e676e2a5a5..ebb7cfe45e 100644 --- a/num/23/22.md +++ b/num/23/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with strength like that of a wild ox This simile says that Yahweh's great strength is equal to an ox. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/23/23.md b/num/23/23.md index 66dffaa670..1546ef1a62 100644 --- a/num/23/23.md +++ b/num/23/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. "people must say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # Look what God has done! It is implied that what God did for them was good. Alternate translation: "Look at the good things God has done for them!" - diff --git a/num/23/24.md b/num/23/24.md index 70ce372530..49b97ce1f6 100644 --- a/num/23/24.md +++ b/num/23/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people rise like a lioness ... he has killed This verse is a long metaphor that speaks of Israel defeating her enemies as if Israel was a lion devouring its prey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/23/25.md b/num/23/25.md index d4ccd9e146..670aa3b227 100644 --- a/num/23/25.md +++ b/num/23/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Balak This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). - diff --git a/num/23/26.md b/num/23/26.md index d75f79fd68..1f97870048 100644 --- a/num/23/26.md +++ b/num/23/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Did I not tell you that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say? Balaam uses this rhetorical question to remind Balak that Balaam refused to disobey God even before he came to Balak. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I told you before that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/23/27.md b/num/23/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/23/27.md +++ b/num/23/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/23/28.md b/num/23/28.md index 1f2110249f..7af3190348 100644 --- a/num/23/28.md +++ b/num/23/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # which looks down on the wilderness It is understood that this wilderness was where Israel was camped. Alternate translation: "which looks down on the wilderness where Israel was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/23/29.md b/num/23/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/23/29.md +++ b/num/23/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/23/30.md b/num/23/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/23/30.md +++ b/num/23/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/23/intro.md b/num/23/intro.md index 61aab15c0c..748a2d702b 100644 --- a/num/23/intro.md +++ b/num/23/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,19 @@ # Numbers 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting -The story of Balaam continues in this chapter. +## Structure and formatting + +The story of Balaam continues in this chapter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 23:7-10, 18-24. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Cursing God's people +### Cursing God's people -God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blessed Israel twice when he was supposed to curse them. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) +God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blessed Israel twice when he was supposed to curse them. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) ## Links: * __[Numbers 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/24/01.md b/num/24/01.md index b10e829409..1adfb7908b 100644 --- a/num/24/01.md +++ b/num/24/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as at the other times "like he did the previous times" - diff --git a/num/24/02.md b/num/24/02.md index fe978ae646..15fcad7fea 100644 --- a/num/24/02.md +++ b/num/24/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "raised his eyes" is an idiom that means to look up. Alternate translation: # Spirit of God came on him This mean's God's Spirit took control of him to prophesy. - diff --git a/num/24/03.md b/num/24/03.md index 5e9b65ea03..8457c975cb 100644 --- a/num/24/03.md +++ b/num/24/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Beor was Balaam's father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:5](../22/05 # whose eyes are wide open This idiom means he sees and understands clearly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/24/04.md b/num/24/04.md index d3a5c2f8b0..8b3ac8ad3a 100644 --- a/num/24/04.md +++ b/num/24/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an act of humility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) # with his eyes open Here "eyes open" is an idiom that means Balaam has received the ability to know what God wants to say. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/24/05.md b/num/24/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/24/05.md +++ b/num/24/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/24/06.md b/num/24/06.md index 9a99cbb1b1..6929c9f77b 100644 --- a/num/24/06.md +++ b/num/24/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Aloes are plants with a pleasant smell that grow well even in dry conditions. Ba # like cedars beside the waters Cedar trees were the largest trees in Israel. Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they grew as large as well-watered cedar trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/24/07.md b/num/24/07.md index 0ed7d7ac3c..185d791847 100644 --- a/num/24/07.md +++ b/num/24/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ will have more honor and will be more powerful # their kingdom will be honored This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "other people will give honor to their kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/24/08.md b/num/24/08.md index 68bce92fc0..2e0593c9b2 100644 --- a/num/24/08.md +++ b/num/24/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This simile emphasizes that the Israelites have great strength. The ox was the s # He will eat up the nations Balaam speaks of the Israelites as if they are wild animals that eat their enemies. This means they will destroy their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/24/09.md b/num/24/09.md index f42ed3e643..265bcff075 100644 --- a/num/24/09.md +++ b/num/24/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Balaam uses a question to warn all the people to not provoke the Israelites. Thi # May everyone who blesses him be blessed; may everyone who curses him be cursed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May God bless those who bless the Israelites; may he curse those who curse the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/24/10.md b/num/24/10.md index bb28005728..45a178d571 100644 --- a/num/24/10.md +++ b/num/24/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The increase in Balak's anger is spoken of as if it was a fire starting to burn. # struck his hands together in anger This was a sign of great frustration and anger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/24/11.md b/num/24/11.md index 2d6dcd2e42..1a0e872bcb 100644 --- a/num/24/11.md +++ b/num/24/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # flee home now Balak is very angry and wants Balaam to leave quickly, as if Balak were going to kill him. - diff --git a/num/24/12.md b/num/24/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/24/12.md +++ b/num/24/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/24/13.md b/num/24/13.md index 251bbe2e5a..8bd7069add 100644 --- a/num/24/13.md +++ b/num/24/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Balaam is describing something that would never happen. This statement emphasize # Did I not say this to them? Balaam uses a question to remind Balak about what he said earlier. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. "Alternate translation: I said this to them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/24/14.md b/num/24/14.md index b25d824f7d..84cae6b416 100644 --- a/num/24/14.md +++ b/num/24/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this people "the Israelites" - diff --git a/num/24/15.md b/num/24/15.md index 89efa037a3..77cb906832 100644 --- a/num/24/15.md +++ b/num/24/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Beor was Balaam's father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:5](../22/05 # whose eyes are wide open This idiom means he sees and understands clearly. See how you translated this in [Numbers 24:3](../24/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/24/16.md b/num/24/16.md index 6818560e94..edfb40184f 100644 --- a/num/24/16.md +++ b/num/24/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract term "knowledge" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: # bows down This is a sign of submission to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/24/17.md b/num/24/17.md index e9383f6683..cadd011289 100644 --- a/num/24/17.md +++ b/num/24/17.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) he will break the heads of the leaders of Moab or 2) he # all the descendants of Seth This also refers to the Moabites, who were descendants of Seth. - diff --git a/num/24/18.md b/num/24/18.md index 97cf12d273..81592f65d8 100644 --- a/num/24/18.md +++ b/num/24/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The Israelites will o # Seir will also become their possession Here "Seir" refers to the people who lived near Mount Seir. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Israel will also conquer the people of Seir" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/24/19.md b/num/24/19.md index f0a676c510..64cbe25051 100644 --- a/num/24/19.md +++ b/num/24/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jacob was the ancestor of the Israelites. "Jacob" is a metonym that refers to th # of their city This refers to the city of Ar where Balak met Balaam. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/24/20.md b/num/24/20.md index fab4393c46..6883f71bff 100644 --- a/num/24/20.md +++ b/num/24/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Amalek" is a metonym that refers to the people of Amalek. This continues B # his end A singular pronoun is used because the Amalekites are spoken of as a single person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/num/24/21.md b/num/24/21.md index c201b971d4..d6f8c44962 100644 --- a/num/24/21.md +++ b/num/24/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a people group who descended from Kain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # your nest is in the rocks This is a metaphor that means that they live in a secure place. Alternate translation: "your location is as secure as a nest high in the rocks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/24/22.md b/num/24/22.md index 9d5974e835..b0a22745fa 100644 --- a/num/24/22.md +++ b/num/24/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nevertheless you Kenites will be consumed by fire when Assyria carries you away captive Here the destruction of the Kenites is spoken of as if they were burned up in a fire. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Nevertheless the Assyrians will destroy you Kenites like a fire, and take you away as captives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/24/23.md b/num/24/23.md index a1a460bb82..7e6f8b19a3 100644 --- a/num/24/23.md +++ b/num/24/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who will survive when God does this? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one will survive when God does this!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/24/24.md b/num/24/24.md index d25e822805..93125ea4c5 100644 --- a/num/24/24.md +++ b/num/24/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of an island in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # they, too, will end in destruction The abstract noun "destruction" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "God will destroy them also" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/24/25.md b/num/24/25.md index d4ccd9e146..670aa3b227 100644 --- a/num/24/25.md +++ b/num/24/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Balak This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). - diff --git a/num/24/intro.md b/num/24/intro.md index 155721c551..a253486988 100644 --- a/num/24/intro.md +++ b/num/24/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,19 @@ # Numbers 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of Balaam continues in this chapter. +The story of Balaam continues in this chapter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 24:3-9, 15-24. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Cursing God's people +### Cursing God's people -God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blesses Israel again and the king is angry and sends him home. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) +God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blesses Israel again and the king is angry and sends him home. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) ## Links: * __[Numbers 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/25/01.md b/num/25/01.md index c8940af3cd..defa5771a1 100644 --- a/num/25/01.md +++ b/num/25/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Shittim This is the name of a place in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/25/02.md b/num/25/02.md index ea0efd2dd9..2e46d79f08 100644 --- a/num/25/02.md +++ b/num/25/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bowed down This was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/25/03.md b/num/25/03.md index a421e8498b..0e3812e69c 100644 --- a/num/25/03.md +++ b/num/25/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 23:28]( # Yahweh's anger was kindled The increase in Yahweh's anger is spoken of as if it was a fire starting to burn. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 21:20](../21/20.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh became very angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/25/04.md b/num/25/04.md index d1de44cc54..3823a94306 100644 --- a/num/25/04.md +++ b/num/25/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that this refers to the leaders who were guilty of idolatry. The f # to expose them in the daylight This means that the leaders of Israel will kill these people and leave their dead bodies out where all the people can see them. - diff --git a/num/25/05.md b/num/25/05.md index ccd47a9ce8..ac39d0bc17 100644 --- a/num/25/05.md +++ b/num/25/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Peor Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 23:28](../23/28.md). - diff --git a/num/25/06.md b/num/25/06.md index d681b57089..84ced4146b 100644 --- a/num/25/06.md +++ b/num/25/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that he brought her among his camp to have sex with her. The full # in the sight of Moses and all the community of the people of Israel Here "in the sight of" is an idiom that means they heard about it, or found out about it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/25/07.md b/num/25/07.md index 5be5782716..4dfb28f294 100644 --- a/num/25/07.md +++ b/num/25/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eleazar This is the name of Aaron's son. See how you translated it in [Numbers 3:2](../03/02.md). - diff --git a/num/25/08.md b/num/25/08.md index edef1bcaac..a44df8cf1e 100644 --- a/num/25/08.md +++ b/num/25/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He followed "Phinehas followed" - diff --git a/num/25/09.md b/num/25/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/25/09.md +++ b/num/25/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/25/10.md b/num/25/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/25/10.md +++ b/num/25/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/25/11.md b/num/25/11.md index d9d0fd8d20..68b94d6fff 100644 --- a/num/25/11.md +++ b/num/25/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's rage is spoken of as if it were something that could be physically pushed # I have not consumed the people of Israel in my jealousy God is spoken of as if he were a fierce animal that could have eaten up the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "I have not destroyed the people of Israel in my terrible anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/25/12.md b/num/25/12.md index 29a614800f..8af974d805 100644 --- a/num/25/12.md +++ b/num/25/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues Yahweh's speech from verse 11. - diff --git a/num/25/13.md b/num/25/13.md index f39e838771..4160812595 100644 --- a/num/25/13.md +++ b/num/25/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the end of Yahweh's speech that begins in verse 11. # For him ... of Israel."'" This is the end of Yahweh's speech from [Numbers 25:11](./10.md). This has quotations within quotations. The direct quotations can be stated as indirect quotation. "Therefore say to them that Yahweh says that he is giving to Phinehas his covenant of peace. For him and his descendants after him, it will be a covenant of an everlasting priesthood because he was zealous for Yahweh, his God. He has atoned for the people of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/num/25/14.md b/num/25/14.md index 9dd655abd1..aa62caa79e 100644 --- a/num/25/14.md +++ b/num/25/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Phinehas killed" # Zimri ... Salu These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/25/15.md b/num/25/15.md index 301d93a2cb..2d2994d507 100644 --- a/num/25/15.md +++ b/num/25/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kozbi This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/25/16.md b/num/25/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/25/16.md +++ b/num/25/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/25/17.md b/num/25/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/25/17.md +++ b/num/25/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/25/18.md b/num/25/18.md index eb3f5b2e73..b1fc9ab354 100644 --- a/num/25/18.md +++ b/num/25/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 23:28]( # who was killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Phinehas killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/25/intro.md b/num/25/intro.md index 69cdbbfdd3..f97c658d9c 100644 --- a/num/25/intro.md +++ b/num/25/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Numbers 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The story of Balaam concludes in this chapter. +The story of Balaam concludes in this chapter. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Foreign women +### Foreign women Balaam told the young women from Moab to act friendly to the Israelite men and invite them to feasts in honor of their god Baal. The men went to the feasts and worshiped Baal. God was angry and killed 24,000 Israelite men. Foreign women are often the source of problems in Israel. They caused the men to worship their false gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Balaam told the young women from Moab to act friendly to the Israelite men and i * __[Numbers 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/26/01.md b/num/26/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/01.md +++ b/num/26/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/02.md b/num/26/02.md index 63588e454b..b91f63062b 100644 --- a/num/26/02.md +++ b/num/26/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They were only to count the men, not the women. The full meaning of this stateme # twenty years old and up "20 years old and older" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/03.md b/num/26/03.md index acb06cbcdb..3b3a98b4c9 100644 --- a/num/26/03.md +++ b/num/26/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # plains A plain is a large flat area of land. - diff --git a/num/26/04.md b/num/26/04.md index bf870b00b8..1c7ab8f9a0 100644 --- a/num/26/04.md +++ b/num/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty years old and up "20 years old and older" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/05.md b/num/26/05.md index c42267e117..2bd21cf380 100644 --- a/num/26/05.md +++ b/num/26/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Israel" refers to the man also known as Jacob. # From his son The word "his" refers to Rueben. - diff --git a/num/26/06.md b/num/26/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/06.md +++ b/num/26/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/07.md b/num/26/07.md index 58fa517cfd..78c9da420c 100644 --- a/num/26/07.md +++ b/num/26/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 43,730 men "forty-three thousand seven hundred and thirty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/08.md b/num/26/08.md index 5e3075f4e2..39f138cc88 100644 --- a/num/26/08.md +++ b/num/26/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to # Eliab See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 16:1](../16/01.md). - diff --git a/num/26/09.md b/num/26/09.md index 420d34579b..336fd83094 100644 --- a/num/26/09.md +++ b/num/26/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Eliab ... Dathan ... Abiram See how you translated these men's names in [Numbers 16:1](../16/01.md). - diff --git a/num/26/10.md b/num/26/10.md index 4077e76566..fcc8eb4c74 100644 --- a/num/26/10.md +++ b/num/26/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the fire is spoken of as if it were a large animal devouring something. Alt # 250 men "two hundred and fifty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/11.md b/num/26/11.md index 15c1a68d83..11beb899be 100644 --- a/num/26/11.md +++ b/num/26/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # die out "end" - diff --git a/num/26/12.md b/num/26/12.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/12.md +++ b/num/26/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/13.md b/num/26/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/13.md +++ b/num/26/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/14.md b/num/26/14.md index 411052a4c7..88665b6732 100644 --- a/num/26/14.md +++ b/num/26/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 22,200 men "twenty-two thousand two hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/15.md b/num/26/15.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/15.md +++ b/num/26/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/16.md b/num/26/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/16.md +++ b/num/26/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/17.md b/num/26/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/17.md +++ b/num/26/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/18.md b/num/26/18.md index 6338a7fcc3..187d935af9 100644 --- a/num/26/18.md +++ b/num/26/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 40,500 men "forty thousand five hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/19.md b/num/26/19.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/19.md +++ b/num/26/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/20.md b/num/26/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/20.md +++ b/num/26/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/21.md b/num/26/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/21.md +++ b/num/26/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/22.md b/num/26/22.md index 92121c8a93..9488a9218e 100644 --- a/num/26/22.md +++ b/num/26/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 76,500 men "seventy-six thousand five hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/23.md b/num/26/23.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/23.md +++ b/num/26/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/24.md b/num/26/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/24.md +++ b/num/26/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/25.md b/num/26/25.md index f3e8f608af..327eaaff37 100644 --- a/num/26/25.md +++ b/num/26/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 64,300 men "sixty-four thousand three hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/26.md b/num/26/26.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/26.md +++ b/num/26/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/27.md b/num/26/27.md index 9ef9e05ea5..4cee00652b 100644 --- a/num/26/27.md +++ b/num/26/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 60,500 men "sixty thousand five hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/28.md b/num/26/28.md index 6fea2af214..ccb4fa4d33 100644 --- a/num/26/28.md +++ b/num/26/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/26/29.md b/num/26/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/29.md +++ b/num/26/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/30.md b/num/26/30.md index 6fea2af214..ccb4fa4d33 100644 --- a/num/26/30.md +++ b/num/26/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/26/31.md b/num/26/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/31.md +++ b/num/26/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/32.md b/num/26/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/32.md +++ b/num/26/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/33.md b/num/26/33.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/33.md +++ b/num/26/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/34.md b/num/26/34.md index ee8c9d945f..3376b10658 100644 --- a/num/26/34.md +++ b/num/26/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 52,700 men "fifty-two thousand seven hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/35.md b/num/26/35.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/35.md +++ b/num/26/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/36.md b/num/26/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/36.md +++ b/num/26/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/37.md b/num/26/37.md index bd5d26978d..1812f35960 100644 --- a/num/26/37.md +++ b/num/26/37.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "these" refers to all of the men descended from Joseph's sons, Ephraim # counted in each of their clans This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they counted them in each of their clans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/26/38.md b/num/26/38.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/38.md +++ b/num/26/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/39.md b/num/26/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/39.md +++ b/num/26/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/40.md b/num/26/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/40.md +++ b/num/26/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/41.md b/num/26/41.md index a33571bb3c..20230402bb 100644 --- a/num/26/41.md +++ b/num/26/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 45,600 men "forty-five thousand six hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/42.md b/num/26/42.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/42.md +++ b/num/26/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/43.md b/num/26/43.md index 66d0994e50..cb1dc9c101 100644 --- a/num/26/43.md +++ b/num/26/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 64,400 men "sixty-four thousand four hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/44.md b/num/26/44.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/44.md +++ b/num/26/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/45.md b/num/26/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/45.md +++ b/num/26/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/46.md b/num/26/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/46.md +++ b/num/26/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/47.md b/num/26/47.md index 9c08569498..eb14c4eb2d 100644 --- a/num/26/47.md +++ b/num/26/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 53,400 men "fifty-three thousand four hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/48.md b/num/26/48.md index e036eb082d..af0960a1c7 100644 --- a/num/26/48.md +++ b/num/26/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/49.md b/num/26/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/49.md +++ b/num/26/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/50.md b/num/26/50.md index 22b5071ec1..3a1c4ab602 100644 --- a/num/26/50.md +++ b/num/26/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 45,400 men "forty-five thousand four hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/51.md b/num/26/51.md index 370b6d331a..9595fc8bc4 100644 --- a/num/26/51.md +++ b/num/26/51.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # 601,730 "six-hundred and one thousand, seven hundred and thirty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/26/52.md b/num/26/52.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/26/52.md +++ b/num/26/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/26/53.md b/num/26/53.md index 0e2a15a856..8630b40e43 100644 --- a/num/26/53.md +++ b/num/26/53.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to all of the men that were counted in their clans, beginning in [Nu # according to the number of their names "by the number of people in each clan" - diff --git a/num/26/54.md b/num/26/54.md index 3c3346e518..eebc43fd60 100644 --- a/num/26/54.md +++ b/num/26/54.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this passage, the word "inheritance" refers to land inherited. The full meani # who were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the leaders of Israel counted" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/26/55.md b/num/26/55.md index 81427fd36b..b4103e32ea 100644 --- a/num/26/55.md +++ b/num/26/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must divide the l # by random lots "by casting lots" - diff --git a/num/26/56.md b/num/26/56.md index 55cdb4be17..882d6531d4 100644 --- a/num/26/56.md +++ b/num/26/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # distributed to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and you must distribute the land to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/26/57.md b/num/26/57.md index ec64e9bdb9..37d9e98201 100644 --- a/num/26/57.md +++ b/num/26/57.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the leaders also # Gershon ... Kohath ... Merari See how you translated these men's names in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). - diff --git a/num/26/58.md b/num/26/58.md index fcfd4cc803..1eabca04c4 100644 --- a/num/26/58.md +++ b/num/26/58.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # Amram's -See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:19](../03/19.md). +See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:19](../03/19.md). diff --git a/num/26/59.md b/num/26/59.md index 95dd4b3be0..b810f06b27 100644 --- a/num/26/59.md +++ b/num/26/59.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 3:19](../03/19.md). # She bore to Amram their children "She and Amram had children" - diff --git a/num/26/60.md b/num/26/60.md index 3bd3791267..3c44cfaef6 100644 --- a/num/26/60.md +++ b/num/26/60.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nadab ... Abihu ... Ithamar See how you translated these men's names in [Numbers 3:2](../03/02.md). - diff --git a/num/26/61.md b/num/26/61.md index 81e10cb38a..dab8a456e8 100644 --- a/num/26/61.md +++ b/num/26/61.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they offered before Yahweh unacceptable fire Here the word "fire" is used to refer to "burning incense." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: "they burned an incense offering to Yahweh in a way that he did not approve of" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/26/62.md b/num/26/62.md index 370c386e6b..6a93af4e88 100644 --- a/num/26/62.md +++ b/num/26/62.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but the leaders did n # because no inheritance was given to them This can be stated in active form. Here "inheritance" refers to land inherited. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "because Yahweh said they would not receive any land as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/26/63.md b/num/26/63.md index 53b18b9534..5c69014d51 100644 --- a/num/26/63.md +++ b/num/26/63.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who were counted by Moses and Eleazar the priest This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Moses and Eleazar the priest counted" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/26/64.md b/num/26/64.md index 101e5c3f03..7f9d11b631 100644 --- a/num/26/64.md +++ b/num/26/64.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Moses and Aaron # when the descendants of Israel were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when they counted the descendants of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/26/65.md b/num/26/65.md index 1ae950c25c..ed56e9bbe0 100644 --- a/num/26/65.md +++ b/num/26/65.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jephunneh was Caleb's father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 13:6](../1 # son of Nun Nun was Joshua's father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 11:28](../11/28.md). - diff --git a/num/26/intro.md b/num/26/intro.md index 3705b52f45..39b04d4e68 100644 --- a/num/26/intro.md +++ b/num/26/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Numbers 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines in 26:12-17, 20-26, 29-32, 35, 38-39, 44-45, 48-49, 57-58 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists. The people are counted in preparation for entering into the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### A new generation +### A new generation None of the adults who came out of Egypt with Moses were still alive except the two faithful spies, Joshua and Caleb. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ None of the adults who came out of Egypt with Moses were still alive except the * __[Numbers 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/27/01.md b/num/27/01.md index 209a249030..73f232a9e1 100644 --- a/num/27/01.md +++ b/num/27/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated these men's names in [Numbers 26:33](../26/33.md). # Gilead ... Makir See how you translated these men's names in [Numbers 26:29](../26/29.md). - diff --git a/num/27/02.md b/num/27/02.md index 9c256412ac..e68adf6da9 100644 --- a/num/27/02.md +++ b/num/27/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They stood "The daughters of Zelophehad stood" - diff --git a/num/27/03.md b/num/27/03.md index 88298a2b50..9b3f2566d2 100644 --- a/num/27/03.md +++ b/num/27/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "the company of Korah" further identify the words "the company that ga # for his own sin "because of his own sin" - diff --git a/num/27/04.md b/num/27/04.md index 423e3ba48d..c3620b32b3 100644 --- a/num/27/04.md +++ b/num/27/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ At that time, only sons received land as an inheritance. The daughters use this # Give us a possession among our father's relatives This means that they are asking to inherit land near where their father's relatives are inheriting land. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Give us land where our father's relatives live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/27/05.md b/num/27/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/27/05.md +++ b/num/27/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/27/06.md b/num/27/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/27/06.md +++ b/num/27/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/27/07.md b/num/27/07.md index 5b9c849c6c..3d451de636 100644 --- a/num/27/07.md +++ b/num/27/07.md @@ -2,9 +2,8 @@ Yahweh is speaking of land. This meaning can be made clear. See how you translated this in [Numbers 27:7](../27/07.md). - Alternate translation: "land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) +Alternate translation: "land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # among their father's relatives This means that they will be inherit land where their father's relatives are inheriting land. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "where their father's relatives live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/27/08.md b/num/27/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/27/08.md +++ b/num/27/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/27/09.md b/num/27/09.md index 43204c05d2..f2a6157e12 100644 --- a/num/27/09.md +++ b/num/27/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues God's law about who will receive land if a man does not have any sons. - diff --git a/num/27/10.md b/num/27/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/27/10.md +++ b/num/27/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/27/11.md b/num/27/11.md index d9f02a5e74..5f634a4d3a 100644 --- a/num/27/11.md +++ b/num/27/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "be a law that all the # has commanded me Here "me" refers to Moses. - diff --git a/num/27/12.md b/num/27/12.md index 162772bb39..fe8e6cdb17 100644 --- a/num/27/12.md +++ b/num/27/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that I have given to the people of Israel Here Yahweh speaks about the land that his is giving the Israel as if he has already given it to them. He speaks this way to emphasize that his committed to give it to them. Alternate translation: "that I will give to the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/27/13.md b/num/27/13.md index 135d2edfcb..a16d54adcd 100644 --- a/num/27/13.md +++ b/num/27/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a euphemism that means Moses will die and his spirit will go to the plac # like Aaron your brother You can make clear the understood information that Aaron died. Alternate translation: "and you must die like your older brother Aaron died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/27/14.md b/num/27/14.md index 64d095cc91..e347cedd42 100644 --- a/num/27/14.md +++ b/num/27/14.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here the people of the people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize what # waters of Meribah See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 20:13](../20/13.md). - diff --git a/num/27/15.md b/num/27/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/27/15.md +++ b/num/27/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/27/16.md b/num/27/16.md index 7b262579dc..1edcb1af7f 100644 --- a/num/27/16.md +++ b/num/27/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meaning are 1) here "spirits" refers to all people." Alternate translat # a man over the community To be "over" a group of people means to have authority to lead them. Alternate translation: "a man to lead the community" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/27/17.md b/num/27/17.md index ffb1aa04fc..e69bd0ad07 100644 --- a/num/27/17.md +++ b/num/27/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means a person who will lead all the people and also lead # so that your community is not like sheep that have no shepherd This is a simile that means without a leader the people will wander and be helpless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/27/18.md b/num/27/18.md index 11c52be474..396f398998 100644 --- a/num/27/18.md +++ b/num/27/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's Spirit is in Joshua, meaning that Joshua obeys Yahweh and follows his c # lay your hand on him This is a sign of dedicating someone to God's service. Alternate translation: "lay your hand on him to appoint him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/num/27/19.md b/num/27/19.md index 241a354540..3bad20257e 100644 --- a/num/27/19.md +++ b/num/27/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # command him before their eyes to lead them Here the people are represented by their "eyes" to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: "in front of all of them command Joshua to lead the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/27/20.md b/num/27/20.md index 86e67df051..de5a499fe1 100644 --- a/num/27/20.md +++ b/num/27/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses about Joshua. # You must put some of your authority on him Here Yahweh speaks of Moses giving some of his authority to Joshua as if it were an article of clothing that he could put on him. Alternate translation: "You should give him some of your authority" or "Let him decide what the people should do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/27/21.md b/num/27/21.md index 26791e1bc7..d4da496cce 100644 --- a/num/27/21.md +++ b/num/27/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that Joshua will have authority to command the movements of the commu # both he and all the people of Israel with him, the whole community Both of these phrases mean the same thing, and they are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: "both he and the entire nation of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/num/27/22.md b/num/27/22.md index 943d8a3549..19cc0bad75 100644 --- a/num/27/22.md +++ b/num/27/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # placed him before "told him to stand in front of" - diff --git a/num/27/23.md b/num/27/23.md index 90fa442e9b..6c68de444f 100644 --- a/num/27/23.md +++ b/num/27/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can make clear the understood information to lead the people. Alternate tran # as Yahweh had commanded him to do Here "him" refers to Moses. - diff --git a/num/27/intro.md b/num/27/intro.md index 810ab711fd..5be7dbc217 100644 --- a/num/27/intro.md +++ b/num/27/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ # Numbers 27 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Daughters -#### Daughters A man named Zelophehad died without any sons. The five daughters of Zelophehad went to Moses and requested to receive the land that Zelophehad's sons would have received. Yahweh told Moses that it is right to give a man's inheritance to his daughter if he has no son. -#### The new leader is Joshua +### The new leader is Joshua God told Moses to appoint Joshua as the new leader. Joshua became Yahweh's anointed leader. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]]) @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God told Moses to appoint Joshua as the new leader. Joshua became Yahweh's anoin * __[Numbers 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/28/01.md b/num/28/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/28/01.md +++ b/num/28/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/28/02.md b/num/28/02.md index 5e41450bea..4bf23313e9 100644 --- a/num/28/02.md +++ b/num/28/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the food offerings th # a sweet aroma for me "a smell I enjoy" - diff --git a/num/28/03.md b/num/28/03.md index 4233a21e14..eaa6950ff9 100644 --- a/num/28/03.md +++ b/num/28/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # the offering made by fire This can be stated in active form. "the burnt offering" or "the offering you have burned by fire on the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/04.md b/num/28/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/28/04.md +++ b/num/28/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/28/05.md b/num/28/05.md index 05ad9e46b2..5d95644bd4 100644 --- a/num/28/05.md +++ b/num/28/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. "which you have mixed with" (See: [[rc://en/t # beaten oil "pressed oil" or "pure olive oil." This refers to oil that has been pressed out of olives. - diff --git a/num/28/06.md b/num/28/06.md index 491895f919..5c79724bc3 100644 --- a/num/28/06.md +++ b/num/28/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that Yahweh commanded # made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you burned on the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/07.md b/num/28/07.md index 7370e0b801..9505662699 100644 --- a/num/28/07.md +++ b/num/28/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # You must pour out in the holy place a drink offering of strong drink to Yahweh This sentence describes the drink offering that is to accompany the lamb. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "It must be a drink offering of strong drink and you must pour it out in the holy place to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/28/08.md b/num/28/08.md index 466e1d1ed6..e992734e31 100644 --- a/num/28/08.md +++ b/num/28/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like the one offered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "like the one you offered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/09.md b/num/28/09.md index 8d78e129ca..0744e30b86 100644 --- a/num/28/09.md +++ b/num/28/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which you have mixed # the drink offering with it Many offerings had a drink offering that was required to be offered with them. The full meaning of the can be made clear. Alternate translation: "the drink offering that accompanies it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/28/10.md b/num/28/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/28/10.md +++ b/num/28/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/28/11.md b/num/28/11.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/num/28/11.md +++ b/num/28/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/num/28/12.md b/num/28/12.md index 2e00576aaf..67c939b551 100644 --- a/num/28/12.md +++ b/num/28/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which you have mixed # two-tenths of fine flour The words "of an ephah" are understood and may stated clearly. "Two-tenths" means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "four and a half liters of fine flour" or "two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/28/13.md b/num/28/13.md index 83e69e06b9..40f15c7180 100644 --- a/num/28/13.md +++ b/num/28/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that you burned on the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/14.md b/num/28/14.md index 32f34c2fa9..e4aab808a2 100644 --- a/num/28/14.md +++ b/num/28/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # one-fourth of a hin "One-fourth" means one part out of four equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "a liter" or "one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/28/15.md b/num/28/15.md index 45ce882f91..64316b9a51 100644 --- a/num/28/15.md +++ b/num/28/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # One male goat as a sin offering to Yahweh must be offered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must offer one male goat to Yahweh as a sin offering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/16.md b/num/28/16.md index 75c799ca77..db12b6d077 100644 --- a/num/28/16.md +++ b/num/28/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # comes Yahweh's Passover "you must celebrate Yahweh's Passover" - diff --git a/num/28/17.md b/num/28/17.md index b4e7b55cf6..61c88faae5 100644 --- a/num/28/17.md +++ b/num/28/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. "you must have a feast" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # bread without yeast must be eaten This can be stated in active form. "you must eat bread without yeast" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/18.md b/num/28/18.md index ba4ed2b760..dda8058655 100644 --- a/num/28/18.md +++ b/num/28/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the first day of the feast. This can be stated clearly. Alternate # there must be a holy assembly to honor Yahweh "you must gather together to worship and honor Yahweh." The phrase "a holy assembly" means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. - diff --git a/num/28/19.md b/num/28/19.md index 1cce6d6df9..dd010eaf2f 100644 --- a/num/28/19.md +++ b/num/28/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # you must offer a sacrifice made by fire, a burnt offering The idea of "burnt" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must burn an offering on the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/20.md b/num/28/20.md index bd659ca590..be08721736 100644 --- a/num/28/20.md +++ b/num/28/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which you have mixed # two-tenths The words "of an ephah of fine flour" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated. "Two-tenths" means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "four and a half liters of fine flour" or "two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour (which is about 4.5 liters)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/28/21.md b/num/28/21.md index 63807ec8ef..3480044705 100644 --- a/num/28/21.md +++ b/num/28/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a tenth of an ephah "A tenth" means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "2 liters" or "a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/28/22.md b/num/28/22.md index 3aa129ffc8..40c9d30cc0 100644 --- a/num/28/22.md +++ b/num/28/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to make atonement The phrase "make atonement" can be expressed with the verb "atone." Alternate translation: "to atone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/28/23.md b/num/28/23.md index c5b3b81241..652f1a791c 100644 --- a/num/28/23.md +++ b/num/28/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # required each morning This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which Yahweh requires each morning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/24.md b/num/28/24.md index a979d95993..a51364cecc 100644 --- a/num/28/24.md +++ b/num/28/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must burn the foo # It must be offered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must offer it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/25.md b/num/28/25.md index 83a6662a4d..fde85c2911 100644 --- a/num/28/25.md +++ b/num/28/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh "gather together to worship and honor Yahweh." The phrase "a holy assembly" means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. - diff --git a/num/28/26.md b/num/28/26.md index eb0424a724..04d1aca64c 100644 --- a/num/28/26.md +++ b/num/28/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh "gather together to worship and honor Yahweh." The phrase "a holy assembly" means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. - diff --git a/num/28/27.md b/num/28/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/28/27.md +++ b/num/28/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/28/28.md b/num/28/28.md index 3b979669ea..c9dd64c7dd 100644 --- a/num/28/28.md +++ b/num/28/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which you have mixed # two-tenths The words "of an ephah of fine flour" are understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. "Two-tenths" means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "four and a half liters of fine flour" or "two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour (which is about 4.5 liters)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/28/29.md b/num/28/29.md index 612e186c51..a238d6de23 100644 --- a/num/28/29.md +++ b/num/28/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour which you mix with oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/28/30.md b/num/28/30.md index 774b01f628..487a977615 100644 --- a/num/28/30.md +++ b/num/28/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to make atonement The word "atonement" can be expressed with the verb "atone." Alternate translation: "to atone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/28/31.md b/num/28/31.md index 6f20507dad..f2f61f989c 100644 --- a/num/28/31.md +++ b/num/28/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their drink offerings This refers to the drink offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: "the drink offerings that are offered with them" or "the drink offerings that accompany them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/num/28/intro.md b/num/28/intro.md index c27397f4af..d69bbe7389 100644 --- a/num/28/intro.md +++ b/num/28/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 28 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Offerings for special days +### Offerings for special days God commanded the Israelites to make special offerings for Sabbaths, new months, Passover and firstfruits. On each of these occasions, specific sacrifices were required. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstfruit]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ God commanded the Israelites to make special offerings for Sabbaths, new months, * __[Numbers 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/29/01.md b/num/29/01.md index c9ba5d0206..22bb8534c1 100644 --- a/num/29/01.md +++ b/num/29/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: # It will be a day when you blow trumpets The word "you" refers to the people of Israel who here represent the priests. The priests blew the trumpet to begin a worship service or to gather the community together. Alternate translation: "It will be a day when the priests blow trumpets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/29/02.md b/num/29/02.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/num/29/02.md +++ b/num/29/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/num/29/03.md b/num/29/03.md index a36dc57613..197050ab42 100644 --- a/num/29/03.md +++ b/num/29/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "of fine flour mixed with oil" is understood from the previous phrase # two-tenths The phrase "of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil" is understood from earlier in the sentence. "Two tenths" means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "four and a half liters of fine flour mixed with oil" or "two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/29/04.md b/num/29/04.md index e137dfbcdf..3bba69daf3 100644 --- a/num/29/04.md +++ b/num/29/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one-tenth The phrase "of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil" is understood from earlier in the sentence. "One-tenth" means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "2 liters of fine flour mixed with oil" or "a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/29/05.md b/num/29/05.md index 774b01f628..487a977615 100644 --- a/num/29/05.md +++ b/num/29/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to make atonement The word "atonement" can be expressed with the verb "atone." Alternate translation: "to atone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/num/29/06.md b/num/29/06.md index c332f2a982..19abc20962 100644 --- a/num/29/06.md +++ b/num/29/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will obey Yahweh' # an offering made by fire to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "an offering you burnt on the altar to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/29/07.md b/num/29/07.md index 8a02d686df..251c50a838 100644 --- a/num/29/07.md +++ b/num/29/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh "gather together to worship and honor Yahweh." The phrase "a holy assembly" means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. - diff --git a/num/29/08.md b/num/29/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/29/08.md +++ b/num/29/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/29/09.md b/num/29/09.md index 590aa28114..898d2fa818 100644 --- a/num/29/09.md +++ b/num/29/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fine flour which you # two-tenths The words "of an ephah" are understood from earlier in the verse. They can be repeated here. "Two-tenths" means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "four and a half liters" or "two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/29/10.md b/num/29/10.md index 63807ec8ef..3480044705 100644 --- a/num/29/10.md +++ b/num/29/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a tenth of an ephah "A tenth" means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "2 liters" or "a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/29/11.md b/num/29/11.md index e0ad211a3a..9753dc8492 100644 --- a/num/29/11.md +++ b/num/29/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "atonement" can be expressed with the verb "atone." Alternate translati # its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: "along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/num/29/12.md b/num/29/12.md index 2e00a33118..a31b944107 100644 --- a/num/29/12.md +++ b/num/29/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # you must celebrate the festival for him "you must celebrate the festival for Yahweh" - diff --git a/num/29/13.md b/num/29/13.md index 2f29df83f4..a5b2c3c54b 100644 --- a/num/29/13.md +++ b/num/29/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. "you must burn it on the altar" (See: [[rc:// # thirteen young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs "13 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/29/14.md b/num/29/14.md index e5254fe8e4..fb27e5e44a 100644 --- a/num/29/14.md +++ b/num/29/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "of fine flour mixed with oil" is understood from earlier in the sent # two-tenths The phrase "of an ephah of fine flour" is understood from earlier in the sentence. "Two-tenths" means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "four and a half liters of fine flour" or "two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/29/15.md b/num/29/15.md index 823328916b..0003634cfe 100644 --- a/num/29/15.md +++ b/num/29/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a tenth of an ephah The phrase "of fine flour" is understood from earlier in the sentence. "A tenth" means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "2 liters of fine flour" or "a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/num/29/16.md b/num/29/16.md index 1c4fc33416..a5b6c5e8be 100644 --- a/num/29/16.md +++ b/num/29/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its grain offering, and the drink offering with it The grain offering and drink offering accompany the regular burnt offering. - diff --git a/num/29/17.md b/num/29/17.md index e6ba10adc2..3cb34e91db 100644 --- a/num/29/17.md +++ b/num/29/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # twelve young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs "12 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/29/18.md b/num/29/18.md index 61014551d5..c51022d090 100644 --- a/num/29/18.md +++ b/num/29/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/29/19.md b/num/29/19.md index 52e29bd990..508c16f520 100644 --- a/num/29/19.md +++ b/num/29/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. Drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: "along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/num/29/20.md b/num/29/20.md index 49081fc395..1bc05d5bfe 100644 --- a/num/29/20.md +++ b/num/29/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # eleven bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs "11 bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/29/21.md b/num/29/21.md index 61014551d5..c51022d090 100644 --- a/num/29/21.md +++ b/num/29/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/29/22.md b/num/29/22.md index df30f2fab8..9df7c02d98 100644 --- a/num/29/22.md +++ b/num/29/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: "along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/num/29/23.md b/num/29/23.md index b030ead426..8cd9457a85 100644 --- a/num/29/23.md +++ b/num/29/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do during the festival in th # fourteen male lambs "14 male lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/29/24.md b/num/29/24.md index 61014551d5..c51022d090 100644 --- a/num/29/24.md +++ b/num/29/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/29/25.md b/num/29/25.md index df30f2fab8..9df7c02d98 100644 --- a/num/29/25.md +++ b/num/29/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: "along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/num/29/26.md b/num/29/26.md index fc6b03fb7c..bf21a284d7 100644 --- a/num/29/26.md +++ b/num/29/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fourteen male lambs "14 male lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/29/27.md b/num/29/27.md index 61014551d5..c51022d090 100644 --- a/num/29/27.md +++ b/num/29/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/29/28.md b/num/29/28.md index df30f2fab8..9df7c02d98 100644 --- a/num/29/28.md +++ b/num/29/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: "along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/num/29/29.md b/num/29/29.md index 9eb9046d87..7f57b8770e 100644 --- a/num/29/29.md +++ b/num/29/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fourteen male lambs "14 male lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/29/30.md b/num/29/30.md index 61014551d5..c51022d090 100644 --- a/num/29/30.md +++ b/num/29/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/29/31.md b/num/29/31.md index df30f2fab8..9df7c02d98 100644 --- a/num/29/31.md +++ b/num/29/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: "along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/num/29/32.md b/num/29/32.md index b1c8429d33..eff14def69 100644 --- a/num/29/32.md +++ b/num/29/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fourteen male lambs "14 male lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/29/33.md b/num/29/33.md index 61014551d5..c51022d090 100644 --- a/num/29/33.md +++ b/num/29/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/29/34.md b/num/29/34.md index df30f2fab8..9df7c02d98 100644 --- a/num/29/34.md +++ b/num/29/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: "along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/num/29/35.md b/num/29/35.md index dac89d3048..32e886d94b 100644 --- a/num/29/35.md +++ b/num/29/35.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This "eighth" is the ordinal number for eight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transl # have another solemn assembly "gather together again to worship Yahweh." This is another assembly similar to the one on the first day of the festival. - diff --git a/num/29/36.md b/num/29/36.md index 19df7ef6f7..0af67c5132 100644 --- a/num/29/36.md +++ b/num/29/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an offering made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must burn it on the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/29/37.md b/num/29/37.md index fedc5933c6..182ed89286 100644 --- a/num/29/37.md +++ b/num/29/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These offerings were to be offered with the bull, the ram, and the lambs. Altern # as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/29/38.md b/num/29/38.md index df30f2fab8..9df7c02d98 100644 --- a/num/29/38.md +++ b/num/29/38.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: "along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/num/29/39.md b/num/29/39.md index 80a1bbf1ee..b486466363 100644 --- a/num/29/39.md +++ b/num/29/39.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fixed festivals "planned festivals." These are festivals that occurred at regularly scheduled times. The word "fixed" means "set" or "predetermined." - diff --git a/num/29/40.md b/num/29/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/29/40.md +++ b/num/29/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/29/intro.md b/num/29/intro.md index 5095c57812..93e7a939d9 100644 --- a/num/29/intro.md +++ b/num/29/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # Numbers 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter about offerings on specific days. ## Links: @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter about offerings on * __[Numbers 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/30/01.md b/num/30/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/30/01.md +++ b/num/30/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/30/02.md b/num/30/02.md index 06b3bd5285..fa81e59ec3 100644 --- a/num/30/02.md +++ b/num/30/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "his word" refers to a man's oaths and vows. Here Moses speaks of not # everything that comes out of his mouth Here the word "mouth" is a metonym for the things that the man says. Alternate translation: "to do everything that he says he will do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/30/03.md b/num/30/03.md index daf375d424..0275abab0f 100644 --- a/num/30/03.md +++ b/num/30/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # binds herself with a promise Here Moses speaks of a woman promising to do something as if her promise were a physical object that she ties to herself. Alternate translation: "commits herself to fulfilling a promise" or "promises to do something" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/30/04.md b/num/30/04.md index 0e0d0192e8..3dce29a76b 100644 --- a/num/30/04.md +++ b/num/30/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise a # will stand This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: "she will be obligated to fulfill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/30/05.md b/num/30/05.md index 06c7e7766a..f3b1b67158 100644 --- a/num/30/05.md +++ b/num/30/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be r # Yahweh will forgive her This refers to Yahweh forgiving her for not fulfilling her vows. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive her for not fulfilling her vows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/30/06.md b/num/30/06.md index 384a422815..b2194ef6e0 100644 --- a/num/30/06.md +++ b/num/30/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ something done without thinking # by which she has bound herself Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: "which she has committed herself to fulfill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/30/07.md b/num/30/07.md index dc5760928d..56cea5dc88 100644 --- a/num/30/07.md +++ b/num/30/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise a # will stand This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: "she will be obligated to fulfill" See how this is translated in [Numbers 30:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/30/08.md b/num/30/08.md index d2b4affc22..37f27aa1c0 100644 --- a/num/30/08.md +++ b/num/30/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise a # Yahweh will forgive her Here Moses speaks about Yahweh forgiving the woman for not fulfilling her vow as if he were releasing her from something that bound her. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. See how you translated this in [Numbers 30:5](../30/05.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive her" or "Yahweh will forgive her for not fulfilling her vow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/30/09.md b/num/30/09.md index 1f2d0b62ed..e74ed85985 100644 --- a/num/30/09.md +++ b/num/30/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a woman whom a man ha # will stand against her This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 30:4](./04.md). Alternate translation: "she will be obligated to fulfill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/30/10.md b/num/30/10.md index 7830b9dd75..1e372d5bcf 100644 --- a/num/30/10.md +++ b/num/30/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If a woman made a vow in her husband's house This refers to a married woman. You can make the meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: "If a married woman makes a vow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/30/11.md b/num/30/11.md index aa942600a4..00a2e7a95f 100644 --- a/num/30/11.md +++ b/num/30/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then all her vows will stand This is an idiom. The phrase "will stand" means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). Alternate translation: "then she must fulfill all her vows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/30/12.md b/num/30/12.md index c002582505..de59879169 100644 --- a/num/30/12.md +++ b/num/30/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. It means that her vows will not remain in effect and she will # Yahweh will forgive her The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. See how you translated this in [Numbers 30:5](../30/05.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh will forgive her" or "Yahweh will forgive her for not fulfilling her vow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/30/13.md b/num/30/13.md index 7105edac69..648cff12dd 100644 --- a/num/30/13.md +++ b/num/30/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # binding oath to afflict her an oath by which the woman says that unless she fulfills the oath, God or other poeple have the right to afflict her - diff --git a/num/30/14.md b/num/30/14.md index d05ab55528..ada646d0d1 100644 --- a/num/30/14.md +++ b/num/30/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will # because he has said nothing to her You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "because he has said nothing to her about them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/30/15.md b/num/30/15.md index 67587931ae..4baff19c59 100644 --- a/num/30/15.md +++ b/num/30/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then he will be responsible for her guilt This means that he will be guilty of her sin instead of her if she does not fulfill her vow. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "if she does not fulfill her vow, she will not be guilty of her sin, and he will be guilty instead of her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/30/16.md b/num/30/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/30/16.md +++ b/num/30/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/30/intro.md b/num/30/intro.md index d394a4a840..1cd4075ade 100644 --- a/num/30/intro.md +++ b/num/30/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 30 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Vows +### Vows Because a vow is a type of promise, men must do what they have vowed to do. A father or a husband has one day in which to cancel a woman's vow. Otherwise, she must do what she vowed she would do. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Because a vow is a type of promise, men must do what they have vowed to do. A fa * __[Numbers 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/31/01.md b/num/31/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/31/01.md +++ b/num/31/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/31/02.md b/num/31/02.md index edd6ffcdd2..5e8ea6dcf2 100644 --- a/num/31/02.md +++ b/num/31/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh was punishing the Midianites for convincing the people of Israel to worsh # you will die and be gathered to your people These two phrases mean basically the same thing. This is a polite way to emphasize that it is time for Moses to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/num/31/03.md b/num/31/03.md index 868eb036e2..3e59fc5ee4 100644 --- a/num/31/03.md +++ b/num/31/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # go against Midian and carry out Yahweh's vengeance on it "go fight a war against the Midianites and punish them for what they did to us" - diff --git a/num/31/04.md b/num/31/04.md index a110f1f5c9..e364fee3be 100644 --- a/num/31/04.md +++ b/num/31/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a thousand "1,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/05.md b/num/31/05.md index 2d360bc1a1..5f239d9ded 100644 --- a/num/31/05.md +++ b/num/31/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "every tribe sent 1,00 # twelve thousand men armed for war All 12 tribes sent men, including the tribe of Levi. Each tribe sent 1,000 men into battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/31/06.md b/num/31/06.md index 03db79365f..e7f20b5547 100644 --- a/num/31/06.md +++ b/num/31/06.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ # the trumpets in his possession The phrase "in his possession" means that he was in charge of the trumpets. Alternate Translation: "the trumpets that he was in charge of" - - diff --git a/num/31/07.md b/num/31/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/31/07.md +++ b/num/31/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/31/08.md b/num/31/08.md index f151b4b737..65345c484e 100644 --- a/num/31/08.md +++ b/num/31/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of kings of Midian. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # Balaam son of Beor Beor was Balaam's father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:5](../22/05.md). - diff --git a/num/31/09.md b/num/31/09.md index 1971fd4210..f483981901 100644 --- a/num/31/09.md +++ b/num/31/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They took these as plunder "They took the Midianites' possessions as their own" - diff --git a/num/31/10.md b/num/31/10.md index 4d2da0aafb..74893953c9 100644 --- a/num/31/10.md +++ b/num/31/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They burned all their cities where they lived and all their camps "Israel's army burned all the Midianites' cities where the Midianites lived and all the Midianites' camps" - diff --git a/num/31/11.md b/num/31/11.md index 1d98583ac6..6a4d7cae67 100644 --- a/num/31/11.md +++ b/num/31/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # plunder This refers to the material goods they recovered from killing the Midianite men. - diff --git a/num/31/12.md b/num/31/12.md index c7d8028740..9d77d252a6 100644 --- a/num/31/12.md +++ b/num/31/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plains a large area of flat land - diff --git a/num/31/13.md b/num/31/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/31/13.md +++ b/num/31/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/31/14.md b/num/31/14.md index a653636746..142ab3fbb1 100644 --- a/num/31/14.md +++ b/num/31/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the commanders of thousands and the captains of hundreds Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: "the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the captains of 100 soldiers" or 2) the words translated as "thousands" and "hundreds" do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: "the commanders of large military divisions and the captains of smaller military divisions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/15.md b/num/31/15.md index 3ce36ee3cc..b7beae797e 100644 --- a/num/31/15.md +++ b/num/31/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Have you let all the women live? The law was explicit on who would be permitted to live. The army violated the law by allowing all the women and children to live. This was a rebuke to the army leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/31/16.md b/num/31/16.md index ee9c0271ce..69a9460927 100644 --- a/num/31/16.md +++ b/num/31/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Look This word is used here to draw the audience's attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: "Listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/31/17.md b/num/31/17.md index 585e61f884..da4380ac5e 100644 --- a/num/31/17.md +++ b/num/31/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has known a man by lying with him "has had sexual relations with a man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/num/31/18.md b/num/31/18.md index bf68926184..5ef47463f2 100644 --- a/num/31/18.md +++ b/num/31/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit the idea omitted by the ellipsis. Alternate transl # who have not known a man by lying with him "who have not had sexual relations with any man." This refers to girls who were virgins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/num/31/19.md b/num/31/19.md index a790fea2a9..aaf9cb610a 100644 --- a/num/31/19.md +++ b/num/31/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses is referring to anyone who fought in battle, not just the commanders. # you must purify yourselves They must become spiritually clean again before entering the camp. - diff --git a/num/31/20.md b/num/31/20.md index 55e66d5335..236cfc2701 100644 --- a/num/31/20.md +++ b/num/31/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # everything made of animal hide and goats' hair, and everything made of wood This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everything that someone has made of animal hide, goats' hair, or wood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/31/21.md b/num/31/21.md index c12365c6ee..b3be6196b4 100644 --- a/num/31/21.md +++ b/num/31/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Eleazar teaches the soldiers the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh after going to war. - diff --git a/num/31/22.md b/num/31/22.md index 396110ffd4..751aef1efb 100644 --- a/num/31/22.md +++ b/num/31/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gold, silver, bronze, iron, tin, and lead metals that were used during that time period - diff --git a/num/31/23.md b/num/31/23.md index aed309bb7b..5d7161d01d 100644 --- a/num/31/23.md +++ b/num/31/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # water of cleansing This refers to water that someone has mixed with ashes from a sin offering. See: [Numbers 19:17-19](../19/17.md). - diff --git a/num/31/24.md b/num/31/24.md index d3ebc0b904..d77ddeafef 100644 --- a/num/31/24.md +++ b/num/31/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then you will become clean These are the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh. - diff --git a/num/31/25.md b/num/31/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/31/25.md +++ b/num/31/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/31/26.md b/num/31/26.md index 81420054fd..46da9bf480 100644 --- a/num/31/26.md +++ b/num/31/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "count all of the poss # the heads of the community's ancestral clans "the leaders of each clan in the community" - diff --git a/num/31/27.md b/num/31/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/31/27.md +++ b/num/31/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/31/28.md b/num/31/28.md index ea8ca8ef36..5a9cac8ccb 100644 --- a/num/31/28.md +++ b/num/31/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Collect a tax from th # every five hundred "every 500" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/29.md b/num/31/29.md index 94253b2a0d..38bda46cda 100644 --- a/num/31/29.md +++ b/num/31/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for a contribution to Yahweh Yahweh speaks of himself in third person. Alternate translation: "for a contribution to me" ((See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]])) - diff --git a/num/31/30.md b/num/31/30.md index e702ed5162..94ab48da94 100644 --- a/num/31/30.md +++ b/num/31/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. # perform the duties of my tabernacle "do all the work connected to my tabernacle" or "take care of everything connected to my tabernacle" or "keeping watch over my tabernacle" See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:53](../01/53.md). - diff --git a/num/31/31.md b/num/31/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/31/31.md +++ b/num/31/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/31/32.md b/num/31/32.md index bbf8570628..d03d44a924 100644 --- a/num/31/32.md +++ b/num/31/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Moses begins l # 675,000 sheep "six hundred and seventy-five thousand sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/33.md b/num/31/33.md index 39a9c96559..5bc9d9c5ae 100644 --- a/num/31/33.md +++ b/num/31/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seventy-two thousand cattle "72,000 cattle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/34.md b/num/31/34.md index 557057b151..52de80d28f 100644 --- a/num/31/34.md +++ b/num/31/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sixty-one thousand donkeys "61,000 donkeys" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/35.md b/num/31/35.md index a887eb8219..06f9f21dfe 100644 --- a/num/31/35.md +++ b/num/31/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # women who had not known a man by lying with him "women who had no had sexual relations with a man." This refers to women who are virgins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/num/31/36.md b/num/31/36.md index 4da7393769..be4a51bcd5 100644 --- a/num/31/36.md +++ b/num/31/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The soldiers' part of # 337,000 sheep "three hundred and thirty-seven thousand sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/37.md b/num/31/37.md index 91b0b454bb..c309083b86 100644 --- a/num/31/37.md +++ b/num/31/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # was 675 "was six hundred and seventy-five" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/38.md b/num/31/38.md index 473b2c44ef..1090ba5c4b 100644 --- a/num/31/38.md +++ b/num/31/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # seventy-two 72 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/39.md b/num/31/39.md index 4824238b38..014598a234 100644 --- a/num/31/39.md +++ b/num/31/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to # sixty-one 61 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/40.md b/num/31/40.md index 317435db19..bef79bbb1c 100644 --- a/num/31/40.md +++ b/num/31/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # thirty-two 32 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/41.md b/num/31/41.md index c8b6b558c5..8c448f8d09 100644 --- a/num/31/41.md +++ b/num/31/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to be a contribution presented to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to be an contribution to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/31/42.md b/num/31/42.md index 2fb26a6e85..b12e585f2d 100644 --- a/num/31/42.md +++ b/num/31/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/43.md b/num/31/43.md index 2b1c4316f2..c967922fa5 100644 --- a/num/31/43.md +++ b/num/31/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 337,500 sheep "three hundred and thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/44.md b/num/31/44.md index 186bfdd2cc..b9f8e8f6a7 100644 --- a/num/31/44.md +++ b/num/31/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thirty-six thousand oxen 36,000 oxen (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/45.md b/num/31/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/31/45.md +++ b/num/31/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/31/46.md b/num/31/46.md index 4983d34dc4..4a28e9afad 100644 --- a/num/31/46.md +++ b/num/31/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sixteen thousand women "16,000 women." It has been stated earlier that all the males and the married women captives were put to death (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/31/47.md b/num/31/47.md index ebb79d48fe..3af9ed0944 100644 --- a/num/31/47.md +++ b/num/31/47.md @@ -6,4 +6,3 @@ The tax on the people's portion was higher than the tax on the soldiers' portion # performed the duties of Yahweh's tabernacle "did all the work connected to Yahweh's tabernacle" or "took care of everything connected to Yahweh's tabernacle" or "kept watch over Yahweh's tabernacle" See how you translated similar words in [Numbers 1:53](../01/53.md). - diff --git a/num/31/48.md b/num/31/48.md index 460c32e60d..da2dc7293a 100644 --- a/num/31/48.md +++ b/num/31/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the commanders over thousands and the captains over hundreds Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: "the commanders over 1,000 soldiers and the captains over 100 soldiers" or 2) the words translated as "thousands" and "hundreds" do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: "the commanders over large military divisions and the captains over smaller military divisions" See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 31:14](../31/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/31/49.md b/num/31/49.md index 6c51972792..753a35cf86 100644 --- a/num/31/49.md +++ b/num/31/49.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The commanders refer to themselves as "your servants." This is a polite way to s # not one man is missing This can be stated in a positive statement. "we know for certain that every man is here" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/num/31/50.md b/num/31/50.md index d02d213384..03404bc0b6 100644 --- a/num/31/50.md +++ b/num/31/50.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are all types of jewelry that people wore. # to make atonement for ourselves before Yahweh "to thank God for saving our lives" - diff --git a/num/31/51.md b/num/31/51.md index 0c359e1f80..00292830a8 100644 --- a/num/31/51.md +++ b/num/31/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the gold—all the articles of craftsmanship "all the articles of gold" or "all the golden jewelry" - diff --git a/num/31/52.md b/num/31/52.md index 2df232b5d3..345148800d 100644 --- a/num/31/52.md +++ b/num/31/52.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers th # shekels A shekel is 11 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bmoney]]) - diff --git a/num/31/53.md b/num/31/53.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/31/53.md +++ b/num/31/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/31/54.md b/num/31/54.md index d113fc0318..82a66520fe 100644 --- a/num/31/54.md +++ b/num/31/54.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as a reminder of the people of Israel for Yahweh The gold will remind the people that Yahweh gave them victory. It will also remind Yahweh that the people fulfilled his revenge on the Midianites. - diff --git a/num/31/intro.md b/num/31/intro.md index 990e73b217..7a500d4d27 100644 --- a/num/31/intro.md +++ b/num/31/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 31 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Midianites +### Midianites Israel killed the Midianites, including Balaam, for tempting them to worship Baal. This battle was at Yahweh's command. Yahweh would bring justice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Israel killed the Midianites, including Balaam, for tempting them to worship Baa * __[Numbers 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/32/01.md b/num/32/01.md index 725aa1f7e6..6dbbfbd9e8 100644 --- a/num/32/01.md +++ b/num/32/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This word is used here to mark a pause in the story. Here Moses tells background information about the tribes of Reuben and Gad. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/num/32/02.md b/num/32/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/32/02.md +++ b/num/32/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/32/03.md b/num/32/03.md index 3d0d436d6c..8aa84fa840 100644 --- a/num/32/03.md +++ b/num/32/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ataroth, Dibon, Jazer, Nimrah, Heshbon, Elealeh, Sebam, Nebo, and Beon These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/32/04.md b/num/32/04.md index ac3338b931..d1cfedf71f 100644 --- a/num/32/04.md +++ b/num/32/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh enabling the Israelites to conquer the people who lived in the land is sp # We, your servants The people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad refer to themselves in this way to show respect to a person of higher authority. - diff --git a/num/32/05.md b/num/32/05.md index d242a10f16..22c4a3960c 100644 --- a/num/32/05.md +++ b/num/32/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "give this land to us" # Do not make us cross over the Jordan They wanted the land on the east side of the Jordan River instead of crossing over to the west side and claiming land there. Alternate translation: "Do not make us cross over the Jordan to take possession of land on that side" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/num/32/06.md b/num/32/06.md index 58821ee468..69255215df 100644 --- a/num/32/06.md +++ b/num/32/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Should your brothers go to war while you settle down here? Moses asks this question to rebuke the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben. Alternate translation: "It is wrong for you to settle down in this land while your brothers go to war." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/num/32/07.md b/num/32/07.md index a2e74e34bc..b8064f715b 100644 --- a/num/32/07.md +++ b/num/32/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses asks this question to correct the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben # discourage the hearts of the people of Israel from going Here the word "hearts" represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. Alternate translation: "discourage the people of Israel from going" or "cause the people of Israel to not want to go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/32/08.md b/num/32/08.md index c122b4b55a..e2abce98bb 100644 --- a/num/32/08.md +++ b/num/32/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Reuben and Gad. - diff --git a/num/32/09.md b/num/32/09.md index df78cfdea7..d8e3acf8cf 100644 --- a/num/32/09.md +++ b/num/32/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to seeing what was in the land. Alternate translation: "They saw the # discouraged the hearts of the people of Israel Here the word "hearts" represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. See how you translated this in [Numbers 32:7](../32/07.md). Alternate translation: "discouraged the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/num/32/10.md b/num/32/10.md index 47fb206ba8..ecbd09ead7 100644 --- a/num/32/10.md +++ b/num/32/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh's anger was kindled Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if his anger was a fire that begins to burn. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh became very angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/32/11.md b/num/32/11.md index 61c23b828c..92b82b0144 100644 --- a/num/32/11.md +++ b/num/32/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # completely followed me Being devoted to Yahweh and obeying him are spoken of as if they were following Yahweh. Alternate translation: "completely obeyed me" or "been completely devoted to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/32/12.md b/num/32/12.md index 2a5ccd11a9..cd92251234 100644 --- a/num/32/12.md +++ b/num/32/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] # Only Caleb and Joshua have completely followed me This is a positive statement of the words "because they have not completely followed me, except for Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite, and Joshua son of Nun," which begin in [Numbers 32:11](./11.md). - diff --git a/num/32/13.md b/num/32/13.md index 9fb5dee381..fbcf60f4a3 100644 --- a/num/32/13.md +++ b/num/32/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he destroyed all the # who had done evil in his sight Being in someone's sight means to be in front of that person where he can see. Alternate translation: "who had done evil before Yahweh" or "who had done evil in Yahweh's presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/32/14.md b/num/32/14.md index 261cc0adb7..f9fe2c3b16 100644 --- a/num/32/14.md +++ b/num/32/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people of Reuben and Gad acting like their ancestors did is spoken of as if # to add to Yahweh's burning anger toward Israel The people causing Yahweh to become angrier is spoken of as if his anger was a fire and the people are adding more fuel to that fire. Alternate translation: "to cause Yahweh to be even more angry with Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/32/15.md b/num/32/15.md index 61c9eef764..cbf6248afe 100644 --- a/num/32/15.md +++ b/num/32/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all this people "this entire people" or "all this generation of people" - diff --git a/num/32/16.md b/num/32/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/32/16.md +++ b/num/32/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/32/17.md b/num/32/17.md index 5e8bd80841..17e50c5460 100644 --- a/num/32/17.md +++ b/num/32/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the fortified cities "in the secured cities" - diff --git a/num/32/18.md b/num/32/18.md index 260e6fb61c..6aaf12f012 100644 --- a/num/32/18.md +++ b/num/32/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The leaders of Gad and Reuben continue speaking. # has obtained his inheritance The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: "has taken possession of his portion of the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/32/19.md b/num/32/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/32/19.md +++ b/num/32/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/32/20.md b/num/32/20.md index b0053d209f..c2533b8fad 100644 --- a/num/32/20.md +++ b/num/32/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # before Yahweh This means Yahweh will go with them to battle and enable them to defeat their enemy and take their land. Alternate translation: "in the presence of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/32/21.md b/num/32/21.md index 5756361fb3..c2f8aaac6a 100644 --- a/num/32/21.md +++ b/num/32/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until he has driven out his enemies from before him "until Yahweh has driven out his enemies from his presence." The pronouns here all refer to Yahweh. Yahweh enabling the Israelites to defeat their enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh were fighting their battles. Alternate translation: "until Yahweh has enabled your soldiers to defeat the enemy and force them away from his presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/32/22.md b/num/32/22.md index 3076e62048..adaea4037a 100644 --- a/num/32/22.md +++ b/num/32/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that they will return to the east side of the Jordan. Alternate tr # You will be guiltless toward Yahweh and toward Israel Possible meanings are 1) "You will have fulfilled your obligation to Yahweh and to Israel" or 2) "There will be nothing for which Yahweh or the people of Israel can blame you." - diff --git a/num/32/23.md b/num/32/23.md index 1b451e2e41..668b74d3e2 100644 --- a/num/32/23.md +++ b/num/32/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Be sure that your sin will find you out Moses speaks of sin as if it were a person who will condemn the guilty person. This means that the people cannot escape the punishment that their sin deserves. Alternate translation: "Know for sure that Yahweh will punish you for your sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/num/32/24.md b/num/32/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/32/24.md +++ b/num/32/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/32/25.md b/num/32/25.md index e7b98c9a16..84500196b4 100644 --- a/num/32/25.md +++ b/num/32/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your servants The people of Gad and Reuben refer to themselves as "your servants." This is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority. - diff --git a/num/32/26.md b/num/32/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/32/26.md +++ b/num/32/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/32/27.md b/num/32/27.md index 468a5e4466..d1d62419fa 100644 --- a/num/32/27.md +++ b/num/32/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can make it clear that they will cross over the Jordan. Alternate translatio # as our master says The men speak of Moses in the third person to show great respect. Alternate translation: "as you, our master, say" or "as you say, Master" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/num/32/28.md b/num/32/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/32/28.md +++ b/num/32/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/32/29.md b/num/32/29.md index eb1f9e6db8..98887f4852 100644 --- a/num/32/29.md +++ b/num/32/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # if the land is subdued before you Here the word "land" refers to the people who live there. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if Yahweh subdues before you the people living in the land" or "if they help you subdue the people living in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/32/30.md b/num/32/30.md index 874898ad3c..c28cb703c5 100644 --- a/num/32/30.md +++ b/num/32/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # then they will acquire their possessions among you in the land of Canaan "then the descendants of Gad and Reuben will receive land with you in Canaan" - diff --git a/num/32/31.md b/num/32/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/32/31.md +++ b/num/32/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/32/32.md b/num/32/32.md index 786895543d..fef74f8cbf 100644 --- a/num/32/32.md +++ b/num/32/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of # will remain with us This idiom refers to ownership. Alternate translation: "will be ours" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/32/33.md b/num/32/33.md index c9b5322176..98a88c2407 100644 --- a/num/32/33.md +++ b/num/32/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sihon ... Og These are names of kings who ruled two separate kingdoms.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/32/34.md b/num/32/34.md index 3c80783c36..9928776786 100644 --- a/num/32/34.md +++ b/num/32/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/32/35.md b/num/32/35.md index 7411d4ac60..23943311e2 100644 --- a/num/32/35.md +++ b/num/32/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Atroth Shophan, Jazer, Jogbehah These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/32/36.md b/num/32/36.md index fad321fba5..685968aa16 100644 --- a/num/32/36.md +++ b/num/32/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Beth Nimrah, and Beth Haran These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/32/37.md b/num/32/37.md index c369dd9a5e..9298bcbf94 100644 --- a/num/32/37.md +++ b/num/32/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Heshbon, Elealeh, Kiriathaim These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/32/38.md b/num/32/38.md index af219e782d..26faef1f9d 100644 --- a/num/32/38.md +++ b/num/32/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # their names were later changed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people later changed the names of these cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/32/39.md b/num/32/39.md index 8a16128a08..e404e50b26 100644 --- a/num/32/39.md +++ b/num/32/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Makir This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Numbers 26:29](../26/29.md). - diff --git a/num/32/40.md b/num/32/40.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/32/40.md +++ b/num/32/40.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/32/41.md b/num/32/41.md index ede80af358..d94d7b6097 100644 --- a/num/32/41.md +++ b/num/32/41.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Havvoth Jair This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/32/42.md b/num/32/42.md index 367973b26a..7f7c1c8d25 100644 --- a/num/32/42.md +++ b/num/32/42.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # Kenath This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/32/intro.md b/num/32/intro.md index adcae41ace..270953ede0 100644 --- a/num/32/intro.md +++ b/num/32/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 32 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Reuben and Gad's inheritance +### Reuben and Gad's inheritance Reuben and Gad were given the land conquered east of the Jordan River. This land had good pastures, and suited these tribes because they had many sheep, goats and cattle. They had not yet entered into the Promised Land, and it would have been sinful to not fight with the rest of Israel. So they promised to enter the land to fight with the other tribes, and then return to their own land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Reuben and Gad were given the land conquered east of the Jordan River. This land * __[Numbers 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/33/01.md b/num/33/01.md index 545d0103b2..c160560735 100644 --- a/num/33/01.md +++ b/num/33/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by their armed groups "by their military divisions." This means that each tribe had their own men, who were armed, to protect them. See how you translated "armed groups" in [Numbers 1:3](../01/03.md). - diff --git a/num/33/02.md b/num/33/02.md index 518337c3bb..02a82efb58 100644 --- a/num/33/02.md +++ b/num/33/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Yahweh commanded" # departure after departure "from one place to another place" - diff --git a/num/33/03.md b/num/33/03.md index bbb22d4504..e227d207cb 100644 --- a/num/33/03.md +++ b/num/33/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "first" is the ordinal number one and "fifteenth" is the ordinal number fif # the people of Israel left openly, in the sight of all the Egyptians "the Israelites left in plain view of the Egyptians" - diff --git a/num/33/04.md b/num/33/04.md index 321aeb8570..b772ba7d21 100644 --- a/num/33/04.md +++ b/num/33/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the firstborn sons. Alternate translation: "their firstborn sons" # he also made judgments against their gods Yahweh proving that he is more powerful than all of the false gods that the Egyptians worshiped is spoken of as if Yahweh judged or punished those false gods. Alternate translation: "he also proved that he is greater than their gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/33/05.md b/num/33/05.md index e470bad5bd..dfdac9b76c 100644 --- a/num/33/05.md +++ b/num/33/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://e # set out from "departed from" - diff --git a/num/33/06.md b/num/33/06.md index 12ed50c634..088836bc80 100644 --- a/num/33/06.md +++ b/num/33/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on the edge of the wilderness "on the border of the wilderness" - diff --git a/num/33/07.md b/num/33/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/07.md +++ b/num/33/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/08.md b/num/33/08.md index c2abd9612b..be9ea238d7 100644 --- a/num/33/08.md +++ b/num/33/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://e # passed through the middle of the sea This refers to when Yahweh divided the Red Sea so that the Israelites could escape from the Egyptian army. - diff --git a/num/33/09.md b/num/33/09.md index f50c4f1ac2..3a91607eda 100644 --- a/num/33/09.md +++ b/num/33/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twelve springs ... seventy palm trees "12 springs ... 70 palm trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/33/10.md b/num/33/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/10.md +++ b/num/33/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/11.md b/num/33/11.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/11.md +++ b/num/33/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/12.md b/num/33/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/12.md +++ b/num/33/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/13.md b/num/33/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/13.md +++ b/num/33/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/14.md b/num/33/14.md index fdebb2dd8c..cfe7b8ec12 100644 --- a/num/33/14.md +++ b/num/33/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # where no water was found for the people to drink This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "where the people could not find water to drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/33/15.md b/num/33/15.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/15.md +++ b/num/33/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/16.md b/num/33/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/16.md +++ b/num/33/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/17.md b/num/33/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/17.md +++ b/num/33/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/18.md b/num/33/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/18.md +++ b/num/33/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/19.md b/num/33/19.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/19.md +++ b/num/33/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/20.md b/num/33/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/20.md +++ b/num/33/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/21.md b/num/33/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/21.md +++ b/num/33/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/22.md b/num/33/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/22.md +++ b/num/33/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/23.md b/num/33/23.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/23.md +++ b/num/33/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/24.md b/num/33/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/24.md +++ b/num/33/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/25.md b/num/33/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/25.md +++ b/num/33/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/26.md b/num/33/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/26.md +++ b/num/33/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/27.md b/num/33/27.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/27.md +++ b/num/33/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/28.md b/num/33/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/28.md +++ b/num/33/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/29.md b/num/33/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/29.md +++ b/num/33/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/30.md b/num/33/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/30.md +++ b/num/33/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/31.md b/num/33/31.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/31.md +++ b/num/33/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/32.md b/num/33/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/32.md +++ b/num/33/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/33.md b/num/33/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/33.md +++ b/num/33/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/34.md b/num/33/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/34.md +++ b/num/33/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/35.md b/num/33/35.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/35.md +++ b/num/33/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/36.md b/num/33/36.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/36.md +++ b/num/33/36.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/37.md b/num/33/37.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/37.md +++ b/num/33/37.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/38.md b/num/33/38.md index 6649ac2971..a194e4e203 100644 --- a/num/33/38.md +++ b/num/33/38.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "fortieth" is the ordinal number for forty. Alternate translation: "40 year # in the fifth month, on the first day of the month This "fifth" is the ordinal number for five. This "first" is the ordinal number for one. This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of July on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/num/33/39.md b/num/33/39.md index 84fed2c9a2..213d55b7cf 100644 --- a/num/33/39.md +++ b/num/33/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 123 years old "one hundred and twenty-three years old" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/33/40.md b/num/33/40.md index a5ea039427..420debc723 100644 --- a/num/33/40.md +++ b/num/33/40.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the name of a Canaanite city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-name # heard of the coming of the people of Israel "heard that the people of Israel were coming" - diff --git a/num/33/41.md b/num/33/41.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/41.md +++ b/num/33/41.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/42.md b/num/33/42.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/42.md +++ b/num/33/42.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/43.md b/num/33/43.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/43.md +++ b/num/33/43.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/44.md b/num/33/44.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/44.md +++ b/num/33/44.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/45.md b/num/33/45.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/45.md +++ b/num/33/45.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/46.md b/num/33/46.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/46.md +++ b/num/33/46.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/47.md b/num/33/47.md index 75fab815b3..965ab72ea4 100644 --- a/num/33/47.md +++ b/num/33/47.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/33/48.md b/num/33/48.md index c7d8028740..9d77d252a6 100644 --- a/num/33/48.md +++ b/num/33/48.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plains a large area of flat land - diff --git a/num/33/49.md b/num/33/49.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/49.md +++ b/num/33/49.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/50.md b/num/33/50.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/50.md +++ b/num/33/50.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/51.md b/num/33/51.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/51.md +++ b/num/33/51.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/52.md b/num/33/52.md index 3eaeeb0318..0f96c777cb 100644 --- a/num/33/52.md +++ b/num/33/52.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # demolish all their high places "destroy all of their high places" - diff --git a/num/33/53.md b/num/33/53.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/num/33/53.md +++ b/num/33/53.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/num/33/54.md b/num/33/54.md index a8ff651700..9ca6b96040 100644 --- a/num/33/54.md +++ b/num/33/54.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Israelites claiming the land as their permanent possession is spoken of as i # Wherever the lot falls to each clan, that land will belong to it "Each clan will receive the land according to how the lot falls" - diff --git a/num/33/55.md b/num/33/55.md index 5ab1e5067d..5218856f3c 100644 --- a/num/33/55.md +++ b/num/33/55.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # like objects in your eyes and thorns in your sides Just like a small object in a person's eye or a small thorn that sticks into a person skin can cause great irritation, so even a small portion of the Canaanites, if left in the land, would cause great trouble for the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/num/33/56.md b/num/33/56.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/33/56.md +++ b/num/33/56.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/33/intro.md b/num/33/intro.md index c21f8a3a64..ef6ade5c45 100644 --- a/num/33/intro.md +++ b/num/33/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ # Numbers 33 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is a summary of Israel's exodus from Egypt to the Promised Land, including their wandering through the desert. The phrase "they set out" means "they left." +This chapter is a summary of Israel's exodus from Egypt to the Promised Land, including their wandering through the desert. The phrase "they set out" means "they left." ## Links: * __[Numbers 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/34/01.md b/num/34/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/01.md +++ b/num/34/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/02.md b/num/34/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/02.md +++ b/num/34/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/03.md b/num/34/03.md index 4fac43feaf..2fb5ce527a 100644 --- a/num/34/03.md +++ b/num/34/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wilderness of Zin See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 33:12](../33/12.md). - diff --git a/num/34/04.md b/num/34/04.md index 9bef74bda7..447088855b 100644 --- a/num/34/04.md +++ b/num/34/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where the borders are for the land that he is giving to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/34/05.md b/num/34/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/05.md +++ b/num/34/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/06.md b/num/34/06.md index 74d6248ce6..30d14afd4a 100644 --- a/num/34/06.md +++ b/num/34/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where the borders are for the land that he is giving to the Israelites. - diff --git a/num/34/07.md b/num/34/07.md index 7878392129..c1db826534 100644 --- a/num/34/07.md +++ b/num/34/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses where the borders are for the land that he is giv # Mount Hor See how you translated this name in [Numbers 20:22](../20/22.md). - diff --git a/num/34/08.md b/num/34/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/08.md +++ b/num/34/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/09.md b/num/34/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/09.md +++ b/num/34/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/10.md b/num/34/10.md index 9bef74bda7..447088855b 100644 --- a/num/34/10.md +++ b/num/34/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where the borders are for the land that he is giving to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/34/11.md b/num/34/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/11.md +++ b/num/34/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/12.md b/num/34/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/12.md +++ b/num/34/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/13.md b/num/34/13.md index 7270b595c3..b6c583c63b 100644 --- a/num/34/13.md +++ b/num/34/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the nine tribes and to the half tribe This means the remaining tribes of Israel who will live on the west side of the Jordan River in the land of Canaan. The tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh had already received their land on the east side of the Jordan River. - diff --git a/num/34/14.md b/num/34/14.md index 09de86886e..a4a0863e53 100644 --- a/num/34/14.md +++ b/num/34/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # following the assignment of property to their ancestor's tribe "according to how Yahweh assigned the property to their ancestor's tribe" - diff --git a/num/34/15.md b/num/34/15.md index beb7a6caa7..669f26d0ed 100644 --- a/num/34/15.md +++ b/num/34/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The two tribes and the half tribe "The tribes of Reuben and Gad, and half of the tribe of Manasseh" - diff --git a/num/34/16.md b/num/34/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/16.md +++ b/num/34/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/17.md b/num/34/17.md index 5d99e011f4..0752326498 100644 --- a/num/34/17.md +++ b/num/34/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # divide the land for your inheritance Here "your" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. These men will cast lots to divide the land. Then they will distribute it to the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/num/34/18.md b/num/34/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/18.md +++ b/num/34/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/19.md b/num/34/19.md index 91797b3a4b..54b848a219 100644 --- a/num/34/19.md +++ b/num/34/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This is the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/34/20.md b/num/34/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/20.md +++ b/num/34/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/21.md b/num/34/21.md index 4f3bfe4679..e0a5817268 100644 --- a/num/34/21.md +++ b/num/34/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/34/22.md b/num/34/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/22.md +++ b/num/34/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/23.md b/num/34/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/23.md +++ b/num/34/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/24.md b/num/34/24.md index 4f3bfe4679..e0a5817268 100644 --- a/num/34/24.md +++ b/num/34/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/34/25.md b/num/34/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/25.md +++ b/num/34/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/26.md b/num/34/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/26.md +++ b/num/34/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/27.md b/num/34/27.md index 7f19448922..11173dda95 100644 --- a/num/34/27.md +++ b/num/34/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This concludes the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/34/28.md b/num/34/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/28.md +++ b/num/34/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/29.md b/num/34/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/34/29.md +++ b/num/34/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/34/intro.md b/num/34/intro.md index be8a532ad6..560dfc6ec7 100644 --- a/num/34/intro.md +++ b/num/34/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Numbers 34 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The ULB sets the lines in 34:19-28 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### The boundaries +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The boundaries + Moses told them all of the land they would inherit and live in and said that they should divide it up by casting lots. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Moses told them all of the land they would inherit and live in and said that the * __[Numbers 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/35/01.md b/num/35/01.md index c7d8028740..9d77d252a6 100644 --- a/num/35/01.md +++ b/num/35/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plains a large area of flat land - diff --git a/num/35/02.md b/num/35/02.md index 98fbd810a3..7a8e16daaa 100644 --- a/num/35/02.md +++ b/num/35/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh did not give the Levites their own land, so they had to live in cities th # pastureland an area of land where animals feed on grass - diff --git a/num/35/03.md b/num/35/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/03.md +++ b/num/35/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/04.md b/num/35/04.md index d683fb81b7..b5278b6abe 100644 --- a/num/35/04.md +++ b/num/35/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one thousand cubits "1,000 cubits." A cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "460 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/num/35/05.md b/num/35/05.md index 5d82b6c32b..a440345b5b 100644 --- a/num/35/05.md +++ b/num/35/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # two thousand cubits "2,000 cubits." A cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "920 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/35/06.md b/num/35/06.md index a32313354d..2a433aac2c 100644 --- a/num/35/06.md +++ b/num/35/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to people who have killed someone, but it had not yet been determine # forty-two "42" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/35/07.md b/num/35/07.md index 5fa31900fb..3599fbc6ad 100644 --- a/num/35/07.md +++ b/num/35/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # forty-eight "48" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/num/35/08.md b/num/35/08.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/num/35/08.md +++ b/num/35/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/num/35/09.md b/num/35/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/09.md +++ b/num/35/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/10.md b/num/35/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/10.md +++ b/num/35/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/11.md b/num/35/11.md index e35952db01..d4efc4f63d 100644 --- a/num/35/11.md +++ b/num/35/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # unintentionally accidentally or without wanting to or trying to - diff --git a/num/35/12.md b/num/35/12.md index 01df5a0c79..b7fa0c251c 100644 --- a/num/35/12.md +++ b/num/35/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to a close relative that seeks vengeance by killing the accused man. # so that the killer will not die without first standing trial before the community The phrase "the killer" indicates that the community knows who killed the man who died. The question they are deciding is if the killer committed murder or if he killed by accident. - diff --git a/num/35/13.md b/num/35/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/13.md +++ b/num/35/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/14.md b/num/35/14.md index 8870792c90..b2694a5b0d 100644 --- a/num/35/14.md +++ b/num/35/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. - diff --git a/num/35/15.md b/num/35/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/15.md +++ b/num/35/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/16.md b/num/35/16.md index acd44f9de2..db841e9047 100644 --- a/num/35/16.md +++ b/num/35/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # He must certainly be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must certainly execute him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/35/17.md b/num/35/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/17.md +++ b/num/35/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/18.md b/num/35/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/18.md +++ b/num/35/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/19.md b/num/35/19.md index dbf572eef3..9830089310 100644 --- a/num/35/19.md +++ b/num/35/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The avenger of blood Here the word "blood" is a metonym for the murder. Alternate translation: "The one who avenges the murder" or "The relative seeking vengeance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/35/20.md b/num/35/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/20.md +++ b/num/35/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/21.md b/num/35/21.md index 228bde2e61..e27204f35a 100644 --- a/num/35/21.md +++ b/num/35/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the accused who struck him must surely be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the relative must certainly execute the accused man" or "the accused man must die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/35/22.md b/num/35/22.md index 38eab54c93..6e73e9a1b9 100644 --- a/num/35/22.md +++ b/num/35/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # without lying in wait Someone intentionally seeking a way to harm another person is spoken of as if someone were hiding in order to ambush that other person. Alternate translation: "without intentionally having tried to harm the victim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/35/23.md b/num/35/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/23.md +++ b/num/35/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/24.md b/num/35/24.md index d1b66988ab..3f47b0e804 100644 --- a/num/35/24.md +++ b/num/35/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the avenger of blood Here the word "blood" is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 35:19](../35/19.md). Alternate translation: "the one who avenges the murder" or "the relative seeking vengeance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/35/25.md b/num/35/25.md index 94dbb4143f..6b78ddf62f 100644 --- a/num/35/25.md +++ b/num/35/25.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ # The community must rescue the killer from the power of the avenger of blood -This means if the community judges that the death was an accident, then they must save the accused man from the relative who wants to kill him. +This means if the community judges that the death was an accident, then they must save the accused man from the relative who wants to kill him. # the one who was anointed with the holy oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one you anointed with holy oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/35/26.md b/num/35/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/26.md +++ b/num/35/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/27.md b/num/35/27.md index ef3e3237df..6e44a7160b 100644 --- a/num/35/27.md +++ b/num/35/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the avenger of blood Here the word "blood" is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated these words in [Numbers 35:19](../35/19.md). Alternate translation: "the one who avenges the murder" or "the relative seeking vengeance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/35/28.md b/num/35/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/28.md +++ b/num/35/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/29.md b/num/35/29.md index 912d156430..c01d5f0c95 100644 --- a/num/35/29.md +++ b/num/35/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. # through all your people's generations "and all of your descendants who will live after you" - diff --git a/num/35/30.md b/num/35/30.md index be722f1522..55b291460a 100644 --- a/num/35/30.md +++ b/num/35/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "according to the test # But one witness' word alone may not cause any person to be put to death The testimony of one witness is not enough to execute a person for murder. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But the word of only one witness is not enough for you to execute a person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/35/31.md b/num/35/31.md index 3f4312d333..ecb65625ee 100644 --- a/num/35/31.md +++ b/num/35/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He must certainly be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You must execute him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/num/35/32.md b/num/35/32.md index 076ccdb3a4..883b66dff9 100644 --- a/num/35/32.md +++ b/num/35/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This implied that the man would have left the city of refuge and returned home. # in this way "by accepting a ransom" - diff --git a/num/35/33.md b/num/35/33.md index fee7c854a0..8427db1cfb 100644 --- a/num/35/33.md +++ b/num/35/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that the blood of the one who sheds blood is the # when blood has been shed This refers to when a person intentionally kills another person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when someone has shed blood" or "when someone has intentionally killed another person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/35/34.md b/num/35/34.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/35/34.md +++ b/num/35/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/35/intro.md b/num/35/intro.md index e60bf40c55..9e084181da 100644 --- a/num/35/intro.md +++ b/num/35/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Numbers 35 General Notes -### Structure and formatting -This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter. +## Structure and formatting -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Revenge -Yahweh told Moses to establish safe places for people who accidentally killed other people. This prevented revenge killings. Justice is an important concept in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) +This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter. + +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Revenge + +Yahweh told Moses to establish safe places for people who accidentally killed other people. This prevented revenge killings. Justice is an important concept in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) ## Links: * __[Numbers 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/num/36/01.md b/num/36/01.md index d00295d60b..36294293bb 100644 --- a/num/36/01.md +++ b/num/36/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Makir This is the name of a man. See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 26:29](../26/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/36/02.md b/num/36/02.md index fe783b1d98..c6cedcabfc 100644 --- a/num/36/02.md +++ b/num/36/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh commanded you" # Zelophehad This is the name of a man. See how you translated this man's name in [Numbers 26:33](../26/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/36/03.md b/num/36/03.md index 7f26104792..626153b2e2 100644 --- a/num/36/03.md +++ b/num/36/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It will belong to" (S # it will be removed from the assigned share of our inheritance This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will no longer be a part of our inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/36/04.md b/num/36/04.md index cfdb775bd1..466b5647fd 100644 --- a/num/36/04.md +++ b/num/36/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated without the passive verb. Alternate translation: "their posse # their possession will be taken away from the possession of our ancestors' tribe This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will take our tribe's share of the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/num/36/05.md b/num/36/05.md index c6279e4698..9701689a3e 100644 --- a/num/36/05.md +++ b/num/36/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at Yahweh's word "according to what Yahweh said" - diff --git a/num/36/06.md b/num/36/06.md index d931e53188..f0f74d02bf 100644 --- a/num/36/06.md +++ b/num/36/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let them marry whom t # they must marry only within the clan of the tribe of their father "but they may only marry someone from their father's tribal clan" - diff --git a/num/36/07.md b/num/36/07.md index 47a1d33f31..b0d3a95b97 100644 --- a/num/36/07.md +++ b/num/36/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No possession The word "possession" represents the portion of land that each tribe received as an inheritance. Alternate translation: "No portion of the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/num/36/08.md b/num/36/08.md index 3655ec9cde..1c15063c7d 100644 --- a/num/36/08.md +++ b/num/36/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # may own an inheritance The land that each clan possesses is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/36/09.md b/num/36/09.md index 6887fb9b0c..6b1e073d86 100644 --- a/num/36/09.md +++ b/num/36/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No share may change hands from one tribe to another Transferring ownership from one tribe to another is spoken of as if the property passed from one person's hands to another person's hands. Alternate translation: "No one may transfer the ownership of any share of land from one tribe to another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/36/10.md b/num/36/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/num/36/10.md +++ b/num/36/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/num/36/11.md b/num/36/11.md index 0b6c22af4f..1e75d8422e 100644 --- a/num/36/11.md +++ b/num/36/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mahlah, Tirzah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Noah See how you translated these women's names in [Numbers 26:33](../26/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/num/36/12.md b/num/36/12.md index a8b6932dec..19d74e4a3a 100644 --- a/num/36/12.md +++ b/num/36/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their inheritances The land that each of Zelophehad's daughters possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received. Alternate translation: "the lands that they received as an inheritance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/num/36/13.md b/num/36/13.md index c7d8028740..9d77d252a6 100644 --- a/num/36/13.md +++ b/num/36/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plains a large area of flat land - diff --git a/num/36/intro.md b/num/36/intro.md index 6883fd0a44..a2d5156b15 100644 --- a/num/36/intro.md +++ b/num/36/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Numbers 36 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### Female heirs +### Female heirs Women who inherited land from their father must marry men from their tribe so the inheritance does not leave the tribe. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Women who inherited land from their father must marry men from their tribe so th * __[Numbers 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../35/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/num/front/intro.md b/num/front/intro.md index b47951df0d..ede6e0ad0e 100644 --- a/num/front/intro.md +++ b/num/front/intro.md @@ -5,38 +5,47 @@ ### Outline of Numbers 1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10) - - Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49) - - Regulations (5:1–6:27) - - Dedicating the altar (7:1-89) - - Setting up the lampstand (8:1-4) - - Setting apart the Levites (8:5–29) - - Second Passover; the cloud to lead them; trumpets (9:1–10:10) + + - Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49) + - Regulations (5:1–6:27) + - Dedicating the altar (7:1-89) + - Setting up the lampstand (8:1-4) + - Setting apart the Levites (8:5–29) + - Second Passover; the cloud to lead them; trumpets (9:1–10:10) + 1. Sinai to Moab, through the wilderness (10:11–17:13) - - Complaining and murmuring (10:11–11:15) - - The quails (11:16–35) - - Miriam's leprosy (12:1–16) - - The spies selected and sent (13:1–14:45) - - Commands (15:1-41) - - Korah's rebellion (16:1–17:13) + + - Complaining and murmuring (10:11–11:15) + - The quails (11:16–35) + - Miriam's leprosy (12:1–16) + - The spies selected and sent (13:1–14:45) + - Commands (15:1-41) + - Korah's rebellion (16:1–17:13) + 1. The Priests and purifying (18:1-19:22) - - Priests and Levites (18:1–32) - - The law about purifying (19:1–22) -1. Conflicts (20:1–21:35) - - Miriam's death (20:1–13) - - Edom's refusal and Aaron's death (20:14–29) - - Journey to Moab (21:1–35) + + - Priests and Levites (18:1–32) + - The law about purifying (19:1–22) + +1. Conflicts (20:1–21:35) + + - Miriam's death (20:1–13) + - Edom's refusal and Aaron's death (20:14–29) + - Journey to Moab (21:1–35) + 1. The Plains of Moab (22:1–36:13) - - Balaam (22:1–24:25) - - Baal Peor (25:1–18) - - The second counting (26:1-65) - - Inheritance rights for daughters (27:1–11) - - Joshua succeeds Moses (27:12–23) - - Offerings and women's vows (28:1–30:16) - - Midianite war (31:1–54) - - Across the Jordan (32:1–42) - - The people set up camp (33:1–56) - - Land west of the Jordan; cities for Levites and cities of refuge (34:1–35:34) - - Female heirs marry (36:1-13) + + - Balaam (22:1–24:25) + - Baal Peor (25:1–18) + - The second counting (26:1-65) + - Inheritance rights for daughters (27:1–11) + - Joshua succeeds Moses (27:12–23) + - Offerings and women's vows (28:1–30:16) + - Midianite war (31:1–54) + - Across the Jordan (32:1–42) + - The people set up camp (33:1–56) + - Land west of the Jordan; cities for Levites and cities of refuge (34:1–35:34) + - Female heirs marry (36:1-13) ### What is the Book of Numbers about? @@ -61,4 +70,3 @@ The people understood and assumed that God would punish the whole community of I ### Why does Moses speak using third person pronouns about himself? When an author wrote about something he was involved in, it was common for him to use the pronoun "he" instead of "I," or "they" instead of "we." The translator may decide to use the project's normal pronouns instead. - diff --git a/oba/01/01.md b/oba/01/01.md index 92aa1e6657..2220ac3dbe 100644 --- a/oba/01/01.md +++ b/oba/01/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has sent an am # rise up against her Here "her" refers to Edom. This is a metonym for the people of Edom, so it could also be translated as "them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/02.md b/oba/01/02.md index cb5bee1b8f..a04d48e669 100644 --- a/oba/01/02.md +++ b/oba/01/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Something that is insignificant is spoken of as if it is of small size, and can # you will be greatly despised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people of other nations will hate you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/03.md b/oba/01/03.md index 2b0419f597..982fcf5881 100644 --- a/oba/01/03.md +++ b/oba/01/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "in your heart" is an idiom that means "to yourself." Alternate translation # Who will bring me down to the ground? This question expresses that the Edomites were proud and felt safe. Alternate translation: "No one can bring me down to the ground." or "I am safe from all attackers." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/04.md b/oba/01/04.md index 1d2047e369..db93f74be4 100644 --- a/oba/01/04.md +++ b/oba/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these exaggerations say that Edom is built in a very high place by sayin # I will bring you down from there Pride is associated with height while humility is associated with being low. To "bring down" is an idiom that means to humble someone. Alternate translation: "I will humble you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/05.md b/oba/01/05.md index bc209674c1..efd66de538 100644 --- a/oba/01/05.md +++ b/oba/01/05.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Yahweh adds this phrase in the middle of another sentence to express that the pu # If grape gatherers came to you, would they not leave the gleanings? This question is used to imply that Yahweh's punishment of Edom would be more thorough than what grape gatherers would do when they harvest grapes. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "If grape gatherers came to you, they would leave some grapes, but I will take everything from you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/06.md b/oba/01/06.md index 66857ee46c..58233da9f3 100644 --- a/oba/01/06.md +++ b/oba/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people of Edom were the descendants of Esau. Therefore, in this book "Edom" # will be ransacked This means the enemies will search through Esau's things, take everything valuable, and leave everything else in a mess or damaged. - diff --git a/oba/01/07.md b/oba/01/07.md index 6ac633b79c..d45e850a5f 100644 --- a/oba/01/07.md +++ b/oba/01/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "your" refers to the nation of Edom. # There is no understanding in him. Possible meanings are 1) the allies say this about Edom. Alternate translation: "They say, 'Edom does not understand anything.'" or 2) this is a statement about the betrayal of the allies. Alternate translation: "No one can understand why they did this." - diff --git a/oba/01/08.md b/oba/01/08.md index 1d5f609d42..dcf6cb19a7 100644 --- a/oba/01/08.md +++ b/oba/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh uses this question to emphasize the certainty of the destruction of Edom. # the mountain of Esau Most of the land of Esau was mountains, so this is one way of referring to the land of Edom. - diff --git a/oba/01/09.md b/oba/01/09.md index 655e1ac694..ff8fc28756 100644 --- a/oba/01/09.md +++ b/oba/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that there will be # be cut off "be destroyed" - diff --git a/oba/01/10.md b/oba/01/10.md index 27e4cf0a29..b9a2129f7f 100644 --- a/oba/01/10.md +++ b/oba/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To be covered with something is an idiom for fully experiencing it. Alternate tr # will be cut off forever This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will never exist again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/11.md b/oba/01/11.md index ff5dd52acc..40a3399539 100644 --- a/oba/01/11.md +++ b/oba/01/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase means "they cast lots to decide who would get the valuable things th # you were like one of them "it was as though you were one of these strangers and foreigners." This implies that they did not help the Israelites. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "you were like one of the enemies and did not help Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/12.md b/oba/01/12.md index 65760a3038..725abf04ad 100644 --- a/oba/01/12.md +++ b/oba/01/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Each of the several occurrences of "day" refer to the time when Babylon attacked # in the day of their distress "at the time when they suffer" - diff --git a/oba/01/13.md b/oba/01/13.md index 9f42d79914..b20a170171 100644 --- a/oba/01/13.md +++ b/oba/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are all different translations of the same word. If your language has one # do not loot their wealth "do not take their wealth" "or "do not steal their wealth" - diff --git a/oba/01/14.md b/oba/01/14.md index 5ae05f949a..e3a6952602 100644 --- a/oba/01/14.md +++ b/oba/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a place where two roads come together # do not deliver up his survivors "do not capture those who are still alive and give them to their enemies" - diff --git a/oba/01/15.md b/oba/01/15.md index fbd37494d9..9cc9924b16 100644 --- a/oba/01/15.md +++ b/oba/01/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will do to you the # your deeds will return on your own head Here "return on your own head" means they will be punished for those things. Alternate translation: "you will suffer the consequences for the things you have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/16.md b/oba/01/16.md index 35d182efe1..9b72154272 100644 --- a/oba/01/16.md +++ b/oba/01/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh's punishment of the other nations is spoken of as if it was a bitter liqu # They will drink and swallow and it will be as though they had never existed Yahweh continues the metaphor of drinking punishment. Here "swallow" expresses that they will fully experience the punishment, with the result that it will destroy them completely. Alternate translation: "They will drink in my punishment fully until they cease to exist" or "I will continue to punish them fully until I completely destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/17.md b/oba/01/17.md index 16b35b130c..8cf6ba04eb 100644 --- a/oba/01/17.md +++ b/oba/01/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "it" refers to "mount Zion." # the house of Jacob The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate translation: "descendants of Jacob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/18.md b/oba/01/18.md index 11743f6ab2..866032a981 100644 --- a/oba/01/18.md +++ b/oba/01/18.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # for Yahweh has spoken it This is an oath formula that means it will certainly happen because Yahweh said it. - diff --git a/oba/01/19.md b/oba/01/19.md index 64db2a3652..68f3e6c292 100644 --- a/oba/01/19.md +++ b/oba/01/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "They" appears to refer to the people of Israel in general. # Benjamin will possess "the tribe of Benjamin will possess" or "the descendants of Benjamin will possess" - diff --git a/oba/01/20.md b/oba/01/20.md index be12d4f16c..a12a8923d6 100644 --- a/oba/01/20.md +++ b/oba/01/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This group is contrasted with either the descendants of the Israelites from the # Sepharad This is the name of a place whose location is unknown. Some experts suggest it refers to the city of Sardis in the region of Lydia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/oba/01/21.md b/oba/01/21.md index 199af82f5a..a18f0340a2 100644 --- a/oba/01/21.md +++ b/oba/01/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is possible that 1) this refers to various Israelite military leaders whom Go # the kingdom will belong to Yahweh This phrase emphasizes that Yahweh will personally rule over the kingdom. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will be their king" - diff --git a/oba/front/intro.md b/oba/front/intro.md index fa9e50127a..58439f4ac0 100644 --- a/oba/front/intro.md +++ b/oba/front/intro.md @@ -5,8 +5,10 @@ ### Outline of the Book of Obadiah 1. Yahweh will judge Edom (1:1-16) - - Yahweh will destroy Edom (1:1–9) - - Why Yahweh will destroy Edom (1:10–14) + + - Yahweh will destroy Edom (1:1–9) + - Why Yahweh will destroy Edom (1:10–14) + 1. Yahweh will judge the nations (1:15–16) 1. Yahweh will deliver his people (1:17–21) @@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ After Babylon destroyed Jerusalem, the Edomites captured fleeing Jews. Then they ### How should the title of this book be translated? -This book is traditionally titled "The Book of Obadiah" or just "Obadiah." Translators may decide to use a clearer title such as "The Sayings of Obadiah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +This book is traditionally titled "The Book of Obadiah" or just "Obadiah." Translators may decide to use a clearer title such as "The Sayings of Obadiah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ### Who wrote the Book of Obadiah? @@ -33,4 +35,3 @@ Obadiah referred to Edom as Israel's brother. This is because the Edomites desce ### How do I translate the concept of "pride"? The Book of Obadiah speaks of the pride of Edom. This meant that the Edomites thought their enemies or Yahweh could not defeat them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/proud]]) - diff --git a/phm/01/01.md b/phm/01/01.md index 97add25da0..2b4dee16ba 100644 --- a/phm/01/01.md +++ b/phm/01/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "our" here refers to Paul and those with him but not to the reader. (Se # and fellow worker "who, like us, works to spread the gospel" - diff --git a/phm/01/02.md b/phm/01/02.md index 84fa9c1827..2ee91e079d 100644 --- a/phm/01/02.md +++ b/phm/01/02.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Here "sister" means she was a believer, and not a relative. Alternate translatio # Archippus our fellow soldier Paul speaks here of Archippus as if they were both soldiers in an army. He means that Archippus works hard, as Paul himself works hard, to spread the gospel. Alternate translation: "Archippus our fellow spiritual warrior" or "Archippus, who also fights the spiritual battle with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) + # Archippus This is the name of a man in the church with Philemon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/phm/01/03.md b/phm/01/03.md index 416cf72a6e..42958df476 100644 --- a/phm/01/03.md +++ b/phm/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "our" here refers to Paul, those with him, and the reader. (See: [[rc:/ # our Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/phm/01/04.md b/phm/01/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/phm/01/04.md +++ b/phm/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/phm/01/05.md b/phm/01/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/phm/01/05.md +++ b/phm/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/phm/01/06.md b/phm/01/06.md index e9b1009d9c..d0917924d8 100644 --- a/phm/01/06.md +++ b/phm/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the way you tell others what you believe may cause the # in Christ "because of Christ" or "because we are Christ's people" - diff --git a/phm/01/07.md b/phm/01/07.md index 6e84550eb7..580d4fbca3 100644 --- a/phm/01/07.md +++ b/phm/01/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's emotions or inner being. This can be s # you, brother "you, dear brother" or "you, dear friend." Paul called Philemon "brother" because they were both believers and he was emphasizing their friendship. - diff --git a/phm/01/08.md b/phm/01/08.md index 37dd26eee9..653818a7bf 100644 --- a/phm/01/08.md +++ b/phm/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul begins his plea and the reason for his letter. # all the boldness in Christ Possible meanings are 1) "authority because of Christ" or 2) "courage because of Christ." Alternate translation: "courage because Christ has given me authority" - diff --git a/phm/01/09.md b/phm/01/09.md index 330bf0e1d6..445d895725 100644 --- a/phm/01/09.md +++ b/phm/01/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # yet because of love Possible meanings: 1) "because I know that you love God's people" 2) "because you love me" or 3) "because I love you" - diff --git a/phm/01/10.md b/phm/01/10.md index dd279a1d30..a44dd36e0a 100644 --- a/phm/01/10.md +++ b/phm/01/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "fathered" is a metaphor that means Paul converted Onesimus to Christ. Alte # in my chains Prisoners were often bound in chains. Paul was in prison when he taught Onesimus and was still in prison when he wrote this letter. Alternate translation: "while I have been in prison" or "while I was in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/phm/01/11.md b/phm/01/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/phm/01/11.md +++ b/phm/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/phm/01/12.md b/phm/01/12.md index a541d19d35..25595c0d2a 100644 --- a/phm/01/12.md +++ b/phm/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul was probably sending Onesimus with another believer who carried this letter # who is my very heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's emotions. The phrase "who is my very heart" is a metaphor for someone whom the speaker loves dearly. Paul was saying this about Onesimus. Alternate translation: "whom I love dearly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/phm/01/13.md b/phm/01/13.md index 11081d5560..ba73ac5a35 100644 --- a/phm/01/13.md +++ b/phm/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Prisoners were often bound in chains. Paul was in prison when he taught Onesimus # for the sake of the gospel Paul was in prison because he preached the gospel publicly. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "because I preach the gospel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/phm/01/14.md b/phm/01/14.md index 04dfb67baa..05b7e61b20 100644 --- a/phm/01/14.md +++ b/phm/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul states a double negative to mean the opposite. Alternate translation: "But # but from good will "but because you freely chose to do the right thing" - diff --git a/phm/01/15.md b/phm/01/15.md index 60175fc7e7..576aa813b7 100644 --- a/phm/01/15.md +++ b/phm/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Perhaps the reason Go # for a time "during this time" - diff --git a/phm/01/16.md b/phm/01/16.md index 32b06c7b87..d04fd94d6f 100644 --- a/phm/01/16.md +++ b/phm/01/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # in the Lord "as a brother in the Lord" or "because he belongs to the Lord" - diff --git a/phm/01/17.md b/phm/01/17.md index 27b3983879..440019284c 100644 --- a/phm/01/17.md +++ b/phm/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if you have me as a partner "if you think of me as a fellow worker for Christ" - diff --git a/phm/01/18.md b/phm/01/18.md index 89bc0342f8..e88ced32db 100644 --- a/phm/01/18.md +++ b/phm/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # charge that to me "say that I am the one who owes you" - diff --git a/phm/01/19.md b/phm/01/19.md index dae85644ed..b520f2e143 100644 --- a/phm/01/19.md +++ b/phm/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # you owe me your own self "you owe me your own life." Paul was implying that Philemon should not say that Onesimus or Paul owed him anything because Philemon owed Paul even more. The reason Philemon owed Paul his life can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "you owe me much because I saved your life" or "you owe me your own life because what I told you saved your life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/phm/01/20.md b/phm/01/20.md index 9bd34996f1..520ea32719 100644 --- a/phm/01/20.md +++ b/phm/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # refresh my heart in Christ Here "refresh" is a metaphor for comfort or encourage. Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's feelings, thoughts, or inner being. How Paul wanted Philemon to refresh his heart can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "encourage me in Christ" or "comfort me in Christ" or "refresh my heart in Christ by accepting Onesimus kindly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/phm/01/21.md b/phm/01/21.md index 975c1c9c85..bc4338f987 100644 --- a/phm/01/21.md +++ b/phm/01/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul closes his letter and speaks a blessing on Philemon and the believers that # Confident about your obedience "Because I am sure that you will do what I ask" - diff --git a/phm/01/22.md b/phm/01/22.md index 2008fe6395..7d68ec1a5f 100644 --- a/phm/01/22.md +++ b/phm/01/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is confident that he will return to Philemon and the other Christians there # your ... you These words are plural and refer to Philemon, Apphia, Archippus, and the other Christians that meet in their home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/phm/01/23.md b/phm/01/23.md index edb9d0e1f2..99463a0a43 100644 --- a/phm/01/23.md +++ b/phm/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This man is a fellow believer and prisoner with Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # my fellow prisoner in Christ Jesus "who is in prison with me because he serves Christ Jesus" - diff --git a/phm/01/24.md b/phm/01/24.md index 8fc6e7b9af..78a9dc73f2 100644 --- a/phm/01/24.md +++ b/phm/01/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # my fellow workers "the men who work with me" or "who all work with me." - diff --git a/phm/01/25.md b/phm/01/25.md index 7a5b15d329..8ee18d7416 100644 --- a/phm/01/25.md +++ b/phm/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit The word "your" here refers to Philemon and all who met in his house and so is plural. The words "your spirit" are a synecdoche and represent the people themselves. Alternate translation: "May our Lord Jesus Christ be kind to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/phm/front/intro.md b/phm/front/intro.md index fb4a6c9efa..69306919c2 100644 --- a/phm/front/intro.md +++ b/phm/front/intro.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Paul was in a prison when he wrote this letter. ### What is the Book of Philemon about? -Paul wrote this letter to a man named Philemon. Philemon was a Christian who lived in the city of Colossae. He owned a slave named Onesimus. Onesimus had run away from Philemon and possibly stole something from him as well. Onesimus went to Rome and visited Paul in prison. +Paul wrote this letter to a man named Philemon. Philemon was a Christian who lived in the city of Colossae. He owned a slave named Onesimus. Onesimus had run away from Philemon and possibly stole something from him as well. Onesimus went to Rome and visited Paul in prison. Paul told Philemon that he was sending Onesimus back to him. Philemon had the right to execute Onesimus according to Roman law. But Paul said that Philemon should accept Onesimus back as a Christian brother. He even suggested that Philemon should allow Onesimus to come back to Paul and help him in prison. @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Paul sent Onesimus back to his former master. But that did not mean Paul thought ### What does Paul mean by the expressions "in Christ," "in the Lord," and others like them? - Paul used these phrases to express the idea of a very close union between Jesus Christ and believers--that believers belong to Christ. Belonging to Christ means the believer is saved and is made a friend with God. +Paul used these phrases to express the idea of a very close union between Jesus Christ and believers--that believers belong to Christ. Belonging to Christ means the believer is saved and is made a friend with God. These phrases also have specific meanings that depend on how Paul used them in a particular passage. Depending on the the context, the word “in” can mean “because of,” “by means of,” “that agrees with,” “in submission to,” “in the manner of,” or “in regard to.” The translator may represent those more immediate senses. But, if possible, it would be good for the translator to choose a word or phrase that represents both the immediate sense and the sense of “in union with.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inchrist]]) @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ These phrases also have specific meanings that depend on how Paul used them in a ### Singular and plural "you" In this book, the word "I" refers to Paul. The word "you" is almost always singular and refers to Philemon. The two exceptions to this are 1:22 and 1:25. There "you" refers to Philemon and the believers that met at his house. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/php/01/01.md b/php/01/01.md index 9c3f2da227..b2174aa01d 100644 --- a/php/01/01.md +++ b/php/01/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to those whom God chose to belong to him by being united to Christ. # the overseers and deacons "the leaders of the church" - diff --git a/php/01/02.md b/php/01/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/php/01/02.md +++ b/php/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/php/01/03.md b/php/01/03.md index 7e603dc80b..82e356d0c9 100644 --- a/php/01/03.md +++ b/php/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # every time I remember you Here "remember you" means when Paul thinks about the Philippians while he is praying. Alternate translation: "every time I think of you" - diff --git a/php/01/04.md b/php/01/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/php/01/04.md +++ b/php/01/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/php/01/05.md b/php/01/05.md index 269c03724e..ec10980bf4 100644 --- a/php/01/05.md +++ b/php/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of your partnership in the gospel Paul is expressing thanks to God that the Philippians have joined him in teaching people the gospel. He may have been referring to them praying for him and sending money so that he could travel and tell others. Alternate translation: "because you are helping me proclaim the gospel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/php/01/06.md b/php/01/06.md index 6064ffaf30..539f4a50f9 100644 --- a/php/01/06.md +++ b/php/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he who began ... you "God, who began ... you," - diff --git a/php/01/07.md b/php/01/07.md index 3784b4860e..26e7194af0 100644 --- a/php/01/07.md +++ b/php/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's emotions. This idiom expresses strong a # have been my partners in grace "have been partakers of grace with me" or "have shared in grace with me" - diff --git a/php/01/08.md b/php/01/08.md index b5745b2a9b..874e9aa870 100644 --- a/php/01/08.md +++ b/php/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with the compassion of Christ Jesus The abstract noun "compassion" can be translated with the verb "love." Alternate translation: "and I love you as Christ Jesus dearly loves us all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/php/01/09.md b/php/01/09.md index 856761e299..eb0349a446 100644 --- a/php/01/09.md +++ b/php/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of love as if it were objects that people could obtain more of. Alte # in knowledge and all understanding Here "understanding" refers to understanding about God. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "as you learn and understand more about what pleases God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/php/01/10.md b/php/01/10.md index e9fed49fa7..84498999e1 100644 --- a/php/01/10.md +++ b/php/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to examining things and taking only those that are good. Alternate t # sincere and blameless The words "sincere" and "blameless" mean basically the same thing. Paul combines them to emphasize moral purity. Alternate translation: "completely blameless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/php/01/11.md b/php/01/11.md index d7f63c5025..15cc530d66 100644 --- a/php/01/11.md +++ b/php/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being filled with something is a metaphor that represents being characterized by # to the glory and praise of God Possible meanings are 1) "Then other people will see how you honor God" or 2) "Then people will praise and give honor to God because of the good things they see you do." These alternate translations would require a new sentence. - diff --git a/php/01/12.md b/php/01/12.md index 36f2278d8a..976143a83f 100644 --- a/php/01/12.md +++ b/php/01/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul is talking about his time in prison. Alternate translation: "what I suffere # has really served to advance the gospel "has caused more people to hear the gospel" - diff --git a/php/01/13.md b/php/01/13.md index 6ff3c9a908..2cf92eecac 100644 --- a/php/01/13.md +++ b/php/01/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "chains" is a metonym for imprisonment. Alternate translation: "my # palace guard This was a group of soldiers that helped protect the Roman emperor. - diff --git a/php/01/14.md b/php/01/14.md index ccd6f6662a..e1c798cd62 100644 --- a/php/01/14.md +++ b/php/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some modern translations read, "Most of the brothers in the Lord have far more c # fearlessly speak the word "fearlessly speak God's message" - diff --git a/php/01/15.md b/php/01/15.md index 24210dceba..50f824d2a0 100644 --- a/php/01/15.md +++ b/php/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # and also others out of good will "but other people do it because they are kind and they want to help" - diff --git a/php/01/16.md b/php/01/16.md index bd0a807b71..82fe790780 100644 --- a/php/01/16.md +++ b/php/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "God chose me to def # for the defense of the gospel "to teach everyone that the message of Jesus is true" - diff --git a/php/01/17.md b/php/01/17.md index 69c2f61b39..2a491ed93e 100644 --- a/php/01/17.md +++ b/php/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # while I am in chains Here the phrase "in chains" is a metonym for imprisonment. Alternate translation: "while I am imprisoned" or "while I am in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/php/01/18.md b/php/01/18.md index 6456c86533..fa08cd9e2a 100644 --- a/php/01/18.md +++ b/php/01/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul uses this question to tell how he feels about the situation he wrote about # I will rejoice "I will celebrate" or "I will be glad" - diff --git a/php/01/19.md b/php/01/19.md index 210cb9ee8d..bfd7150d69 100644 --- a/php/01/19.md +++ b/php/01/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # Spirit of Jesus Christ "Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/php/01/20.md b/php/01/20.md index 1ce4477274..1ca6ad0092 100644 --- a/php/01/20.md +++ b/php/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "in my body" is a metonym for what happens to Paul's body. This inclu # whether by life or by death "whether I live or die" or "if I go on living or if I die" - diff --git a/php/01/21.md b/php/01/21.md index 1759e2eb17..41fa77250e 100644 --- a/php/01/21.md +++ b/php/01/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here pleasing and serving Christ is spoken of as Paul's only purpose for living. # to die is gain Here death is spoken of as "gain." Possible meanings for "gain" are 1) Paul's death will help spread the message of the gospel or 2) Paul will be in a better situation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/01/22.md b/php/01/22.md index 80f53f86a2..0ded5e610a 100644 --- a/php/01/22.md +++ b/php/01/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "fruitful labor" here refer to work that has good results. Alternate t # Yet which to choose? "But which should I choose?" - diff --git a/php/01/23.md b/php/01/23.md index 8d5cff69c8..00f216adf0 100644 --- a/php/01/23.md +++ b/php/01/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of how hard it is for him to choose between living and dying as if t # My desire is to depart and be with Christ Paul uses a euphemism here to show that he is not afraid of dying. Alternate translation: "I would like to die because I would go to be with Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/php/01/24.md b/php/01/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/php/01/24.md +++ b/php/01/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/php/01/25.md b/php/01/25.md index 41bbfba02b..05d077adfa 100644 --- a/php/01/25.md +++ b/php/01/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I know that I will remain "I know that I will continue to live" or "I know that I will keep on living" - diff --git a/php/01/26.md b/php/01/26.md index 5927c19546..1d63d4c04e 100644 --- a/php/01/26.md +++ b/php/01/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that in me "so that because of me" or "so that because of what I do" - diff --git a/php/01/27.md b/php/01/27.md index aa060ad13d..3be086792a 100644 --- a/php/01/27.md +++ b/php/01/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrases "standing firm in one spirit" and "with one mind striving together" # for the faith of the gospel Possible meanings are 1) "to spread the faith that is based on the gospel" or 2) "to believe and live as the gospel teaches us" - diff --git a/php/01/28.md b/php/01/28.md index e9c3b5125e..592a9ea41d 100644 --- a/php/01/28.md +++ b/php/01/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a command to the Philippian believers. If your language has a plural com # and this from God "and this is from God." Possible meanings are the word "this" refers to 1) the believers' courage or 2) the sign or 3) destruction and salvation. - diff --git a/php/01/29.md b/php/01/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/php/01/29.md +++ b/php/01/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/php/01/30.md b/php/01/30.md index e14559e372..e5ab9b8078 100644 --- a/php/01/30.md +++ b/php/01/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # having the same conflict which you saw in me, and now you hear in me "suffering in the same way that you saw me suffer, and that you hear I am still suffering" - diff --git a/php/01/intro.md b/php/01/intro.md index 0685b4a838..5645cb6746 100644 --- a/php/01/intro.md +++ b/php/01/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # Philippians 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Paul includes a prayer in the beginning of this letter. At that time, religious leaders sometimes began informal letters with a prayer. +Paul includes a prayer in the beginning of this letter. At that time, religious leaders sometimes began informal letters with a prayer. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The day of Christ -#### The day of Christ This probably refers to the day when Christ returns. Paul often connected the return of Christ with motivating godly living. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. This statement in verse 21 is a paradox: "to die is gain." In verse 23 Paul explains why this is true. ([Philippians 1:21](../../php/01/21.md)) @@ -21,4 +22,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Thi * __[Philippians intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/php/02/01.md b/php/02/01.md index 25afe1962d..5cbf1a648b 100644 --- a/php/02/01.md +++ b/php/02/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "by love" probably refers to Christ's love for the Philippians. Alter # if there are any tender mercies and compassions "if you have experienced many of God's acts of tender mercy and compassion" - diff --git a/php/02/02.md b/php/02/02.md index af5bae7d68..44f14be221 100644 --- a/php/02/02.md +++ b/php/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # make my joy full Paul speaks here of joy as if it were a container that can be filled. Alternate translation: "cause me to rejoice greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/02/03.md b/php/02/03.md index d7c89db3ab..2a9cd7fcc9 100644 --- a/php/02/03.md +++ b/php/02/03.md @@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ # ambition -"selfish ambition" - +"selfish ambition" diff --git a/php/02/04.md b/php/02/04.md index cce9ec8756..00ad9a03f1 100644 --- a/php/02/04.md +++ b/php/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let each of you look out not only for his own interests, but also for the interests of others "Do not care only about what you need and desire, but also about what others need and desire" - diff --git a/php/02/05.md b/php/02/05.md index d2b6ab3c04..6bea40f19a 100644 --- a/php/02/05.md +++ b/php/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Have this mind in yourselves which also was in Christ Jesus "Have the same attitude that Christ Jesus had" or "Think about one another the way Christ Jesus thought of people" - diff --git a/php/02/06.md b/php/02/06.md index 285ac302a8..d2cf3e436f 100644 --- a/php/02/06.md +++ b/php/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # did not consider his equality with God as something to hold on to Here "equality" refers to "equal status" or "equal honor." Holding onto equality with God represents demanding that he continue to be honored as God is honored. Christ did not do that. Though he did not cease to be God, he ceased to act as God. Alternate translation: "did not think that he had to have the same status as God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/02/07.md b/php/02/07.md index 3409e37671..cb19236421 100644 --- a/php/02/07.md +++ b/php/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of Christ as if he were a container in order to say that Christ refu # he was born in the likeness of men "he was born a human being" or "he became a human being" - diff --git a/php/02/08.md b/php/02/08.md index 68ce450a65..502a10d6fa 100644 --- a/php/02/08.md +++ b/php/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of death here in a figurative way. The translator can understand "to # death, even death on a cross “death, that is, death on a cross” or “death—more specifically, death on a cross” - diff --git a/php/02/09.md b/php/02/09.md index e3f04acf04..ac612c8189 100644 --- a/php/02/09.md +++ b/php/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" is a metonym that refers to rank or honor. Alternate translation: "t # above every name The name is more important, more to be praised than any other name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/02/10.md b/php/02/10.md index 95af71fc5f..efb1bad3ee 100644 --- a/php/02/10.md +++ b/php/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "knee" is a synecdoche for the whole person. Bowing, or kneeling, is a symb # under the earth Possible meanings are 1) the place where people go when they die or 2) the place where demons dwell. - diff --git a/php/02/11.md b/php/02/11.md index d129613395..960aa95487 100644 --- a/php/02/11.md +++ b/php/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "tongue" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "every person" # to the glory of God the Father Here the word "to" expresses result: "with the result that they will praise God the Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/02/12.md b/php/02/12.md index 02ede38f82..26993d8164 100644 --- a/php/02/12.md +++ b/php/02/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ To "work out" one's salvation means to work in a way that is appropriate to one' # salvation with fear and trembling Paul uses the words "fear" and "trembling" together to show the attitude of reverence that people should have for God. Alternate translation: "salvation, trembling with fear" or "salvation with deep reverence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/php/02/13.md b/php/02/13.md index a33ecdf765..c99328a59f 100644 --- a/php/02/13.md +++ b/php/02/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # both to will and to work for his good pleasure "so that you will want to do what pleases him and will be able to do what pleases him" - diff --git a/php/02/14.md b/php/02/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/php/02/14.md +++ b/php/02/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/php/02/15.md b/php/02/15.md index 62e73c44cf..a2bcfd8bc4 100644 --- a/php/02/15.md +++ b/php/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "crooked" and "depraved" are used together to emphasize that the peopl # in which you shine as lights in the world Shining as lights in the world represents living in a good and righteous way so that people in the world can see that God is good and true. Alternate translation: "among whom your righteous lives are like lights in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/02/16.md b/php/02/16.md index d082fa8f5d..625ecec974 100644 --- a/php/02/16.md +++ b/php/02/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrases "run in vain" and "labor in vain" here mean the same thing. Paul use # run The scriptures often use the image of walking to represent conducting one's life. Running is living life intensely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/02/17.md b/php/02/17.md index 1f7dbc4ec8..5d27101d51 100644 --- a/php/02/17.md +++ b/php/02/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But even if I am being poured out as an offering on the sacrifice and service of your faith, I am glad and rejoice with you all Paul speaks of his death as if he were a drink offering which is poured upon the animal sacrifice to honor God. What Paul means is that he would gladly die for the Philippians if that would make them more pleasing to God. Alternate translation: "But, even if the Romans kill me and it is as if my blood pours out as an offering, I will be glad and rejoice with you all if my death will make your faith and obedience more pleasing to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/02/18.md b/php/02/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/php/02/18.md +++ b/php/02/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/php/02/19.md b/php/02/19.md index 9dbc626cdb..370719e255 100644 --- a/php/02/19.md +++ b/php/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul tells the Philippian believers about his plan to send Timothy soon and that # But I hope in the Lord Jesus to send Timothy to you soon Paul wanted to send Timothy to them, but he would do so only if the Lord Jesus wanted him to do that. Alternate translation: "But I plan to send Timothy to you soon, as long as that is what the Lord Jesus wants me to" or "But if it is the will of the Lord Jesus, I expect to send Timothy to you soon" - diff --git a/php/02/20.md b/php/02/20.md index fb55b41da9..63df9440fd 100644 --- a/php/02/20.md +++ b/php/02/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For I have no one else like him, who "No one else here loves you as much as he does: he" - diff --git a/php/02/21.md b/php/02/21.md index 5fea77b43b..af45d2257d 100644 --- a/php/02/21.md +++ b/php/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For they all Here the word "they" refers to a group of people Paul does not feel he can trust to send to Philippi. Paul is expressing his displeasure with those who should have been able to go but are not going because Paul does not trust them to fulfill their mission. - diff --git a/php/02/22.md b/php/02/22.md index bb8b740e11..b93b6ed4ed 100644 --- a/php/02/22.md +++ b/php/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Fathers and sons love each other and work together. Timothy was not really Paul' # in the gospel Here "the gospel" stands for the activity of telling people about Jesus. Alternate translation: "in telling people about the gospel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/php/02/23.md b/php/02/23.md index 36cf2b3550..73b6864e3e 100644 --- a/php/02/23.md +++ b/php/02/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul wanted to send Timothy soon, but he would wait until he saw how things woul # I see how things will go with me "I find out what happens concerning me" or "I learn what will happen to me" - diff --git a/php/02/24.md b/php/02/24.md index 756db85297..e53cd7b66c 100644 --- a/php/02/24.md +++ b/php/02/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am confident in the Lord that I myself will also come soon "I am sure, if it is the Lord's will, that I will also come soon" - diff --git a/php/02/25.md b/php/02/25.md index b45749c28b..e88e87291d 100644 --- a/php/02/25.md +++ b/php/02/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Paul is speaking of Epaphroditus as if he were a soldier. He means that Epa # your messenger and servant for my needs "who brings your messages to me and helps me when I am in need" - diff --git a/php/02/26.md b/php/02/26.md index 1d3d629014..b1a06a87b6 100644 --- a/php/02/26.md +++ b/php/02/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he was very distressed, and he longed to be with you all "he was very worried and wanted to be with you all" - diff --git a/php/02/27.md b/php/02/27.md index b9c863804b..a005a34733 100644 --- a/php/02/27.md +++ b/php/02/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sorrow upon sorrow The cause of the sorrow can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the sorrow of losing him added to the sorrow I already have from being in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/php/02/28.md b/php/02/28.md index de193b0276..412e5a5e3f 100644 --- a/php/02/28.md +++ b/php/02/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I can have less sorrow "I will not be as sad as I have been" - diff --git a/php/02/29.md b/php/02/29.md index 8c8e86e605..026e97d378 100644 --- a/php/02/29.md +++ b/php/02/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "him" refers to Epaphroditus. Alternate translation: "gladly receive Ep # in the Lord with all joy "as a fellow believer in the Lord with all joy" or "with the great joy we have because the Lord Jesus loves us" - diff --git a/php/02/30.md b/php/02/30.md index a359013812..605bf6f315 100644 --- a/php/02/30.md +++ b/php/02/30.md @@ -2,6 +2,6 @@ "he almost died." Paul speaks of dying as if death were a place that people could go to. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -# so that he could bring to completion what was lacking in your service to me +# so that he could bring to completion what was lacking in your service to me -The meanings of the abstract nouns "completion" and "service" can be expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: "so that he could complete what you could not do in serving me" +The meanings of the abstract nouns "completion" and "service" can be expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: "so that he could complete what you could not do in serving me" diff --git a/php/02/intro.md b/php/02/intro.md index a4cd072be4..f2667b4d82 100644 --- a/php/02/intro.md +++ b/php/02/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Philippians 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Some translations, like the ULB, set apart the lines of verses 6-11. These verses describe the example of Christ. They teach important truths about the person of Jesus. +Some translations, like the ULB, set apart the lines of verses 6-11. These verses describe the example of Christ. They teach important truths about the person of Jesus. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Practical instructions -In this chapter Paul gives many practical instructions to the church in Philippi. +### Practical instructions -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +In this chapter Paul gives many practical instructions to the church in Philippi. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "If there is any" -#### "If there is any" This appears to be a type of statement that expresses something that may or may not be true. However, in this chapter it expresses something that is true. The translator may also translate this phrase as "Since there is." ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ This appears to be a type of statement that expresses something that may or may * __[Philippians 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/php/03/01.md b/php/03/01.md index a45479b4cd..0b9ba69e2c 100644 --- a/php/03/01.md +++ b/php/03/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Philippians 1:12](../01/12.md). # and it keeps you safe Here "it" refers to Paul's writing the same things twice. Alternate translation: "doing this keeps you safe because these teachings will protect you from those who teach what is not true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/php/03/02.md b/php/03/02.md index 01eca67de0..17a1d594b0 100644 --- a/php/03/02.md +++ b/php/03/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "dogs" was used by the Jews to refer to those who were not Jews. They w # the mutilation This exaggeration plays on the idea of circumcision. Paul speaks of those who wanted to trim off the foreskin as if they were totally mutilating the body. The action of mutilation is a metonym for the people who would perform the action. Alternate translation: "those who mutilate the body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/php/03/03.md b/php/03/03.md index e09fcc7d0c..39843ab8ee 100644 --- a/php/03/03.md +++ b/php/03/03.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ Paul uses "we" to refer to himself and all true believers in Christ, including t Paul uses this phrase to refer to believers in Christ who are not physically circumcised but are spiritually circumcised, which means they have received the Holy Spirit through faith. Alternate translation: "the truly circumcised ones" or "truly God's people" # have no confidence in the flesh -Here "flesh" is a metonym for anything concerning one's body, such as his ancestry, whether or not he has been circumcised, and what he does. To have no confidence in the flesh means to understand that those things cannot make a person right with God. Alternate translation: "do not trust in anything about ourselves to make us right with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) +Here "flesh" is a metonym for anything concerning one's body, such as his ancestry, whether or not he has been circumcised, and what he does. To have no confidence in the flesh means to understand that those things cannot make a person right with God. Alternate translation: "do not trust in anything about ourselves to make us right with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/php/03/04.md b/php/03/04.md index 1d8a7cc770..1a0dfaa007 100644 --- a/php/03/04.md +++ b/php/03/04.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # Even so, I myself could have confidence in the flesh. If anyone thinks he has confidence in the flesh, I could have even more + Here Paul describes a situation that could be true but is not. Here "flesh" is a metonym for anything concerning one's body, such as one's ancestry, whether or not one has been circumcised, and what one does. To have confidence in the flesh means to believe that those things can make a person right with God. See how you translated a similar phrase in 3:3. Alternate translation: "However, I could trust in something about myself to make me right with God. If anyone thinks he can trust in anything about himself, I could trust in myself even more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # I myself Paul uses "myself" for emphasis. Alternate translation: "certainly I" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/php/03/05.md b/php/03/05.md index 8110455281..f0a7a0a8b5 100644 --- a/php/03/05.md +++ b/php/03/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "a Hebrew son with Hebrew parents" or 2) "the purest He # with regard to the law, a Pharisee The Pharisees were committed to obeying all of the law. Being a Pharisee showed that Paul was committed to obeying all of the law. Alternate translation: "as a Pharisee, I was committed to obeying all of the law" - diff --git a/php/03/06.md b/php/03/06.md index d4e9dfb69e..c523c343d1 100644 --- a/php/03/06.md +++ b/php/03/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul's zeal was his enthusiasm for honoring God. He believed that by persecuting # as for righteousness under the law, I was blameless "Righteousness under the law" refers to being righteous by obeying the law. Paul obeyed the law so carefully that he believed that no one could find any part of it that he disobeyed. Alternate translation: "I was so righteous by obeying the law that I was blameless" - diff --git a/php/03/07.md b/php/03/07.md index 7ebc0e43cc..74b6c9a8d2 100644 --- a/php/03/07.md +++ b/php/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are common business terms. If many people in your culture do not understan # I have considered them as loss Paul speaks of that praise as if he were now viewing it as a business loss instead of a profit. In other words, Paul says that all his religious acts of righteousness are worthless before Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/03/08.md b/php/03/08.md index 9518463e7c..d8888ff5e4 100644 --- a/php/03/08.md +++ b/php/03/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul is continuing the business metaphor from [Philippians 3:7](../03/07.md), sa # so that I may gain Christ "so that I may have only Christ" - diff --git a/php/03/09.md b/php/03/09.md index 7c85393eb2..1770e84cf7 100644 --- a/php/03/09.md +++ b/php/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul knows that he cannot become righteous by obeying the law. # but that which is through faith in Christ The word "that" refers to righteousness. Paul knows that he can become righteous only by believing in Christ. Alternate translation: "but having the righteousness that comes by believing in Christ" - diff --git a/php/03/10.md b/php/03/10.md index 48e00a2127..5464aa3c3c 100644 --- a/php/03/10.md +++ b/php/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # becoming like him in his death Possible meanings are 1) Paul wants to be like Christ by dying as Christ died or 2) Paul wants his desire to sin to become as dead as Jesus was before he was raised. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/php/03/11.md b/php/03/11.md index bb06e3f569..8f73fb6dcb 100644 --- a/php/03/11.md +++ b/php/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so somehow I may experience the resurrection from the dead The word "somehow" means Paul does not know what is going to happen to him in this life, but whatever happens, it will result in eternal life. Alternate translation: "so that no matter what happens to me now, I will come back to life after I die" - diff --git a/php/03/12.md b/php/03/12.md index e6eca602da..61b9d5b97c 100644 --- a/php/03/12.md +++ b/php/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These include knowing Christ, knowing the power of his resurrection, sharing in # to take hold of that for which I was taken hold of by Christ Jesus Receiving spiritual things from Christ is spoken of as if Paul could grasp them with his hands, and Jesus choosing Paul to belong to him is spoken of as if Jesus grasped Paul with his hands. This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: "to receive these things for which Jesus claimed me as his own" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/php/03/13.md b/php/03/13.md index d0ade3e165..30427074cd 100644 --- a/php/03/13.md +++ b/php/03/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Receiving spiritual things from Christ is spoken of as if Paul could grasp them # Forgetting what is behind and straining forward to what is ahead, Like a runner in a race is no longer concerned about the part of the race that is completed but only focuses on what is ahead, Paul speaks of setting aside his religious works of righteousness and only focusing on the race of life that Christ has set before him to complete. Alternate translation: "I do not care what I have done in the past; I only work as hard as I can on what is ahead." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/03/14.md b/php/03/14.md index c5ea4dccaa..8ddc52d126 100644 --- a/php/03/14.md +++ b/php/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of the way he does all he can to serve Christ and live in obedience # the upward call Possible meanings are that Paul speaks of living eternally with God as if God were to call Paul to ascend 1) to heaven as Jesus did or 2) the steps to the podium where winners of races received prizes, as a metaphor for meeting God face to face and receiving eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/03/15.md b/php/03/15.md index a7995ac0ae..8eaa92b891 100644 --- a/php/03/15.md +++ b/php/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul wants his fellow believers to have the same desires he listed in [Philippia # God will also reveal that to you "God will also make it clear to you" or "God will make sure you know it" - diff --git a/php/03/16.md b/php/03/16.md index 23ce717f26..59adf6cb4c 100644 --- a/php/03/16.md +++ b/php/03/16.md @@ -2,13 +2,10 @@ Paul uses "we" to include the Philippian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) -# Nevertheless, let us live up to what we have already attained. +# Nevertheless, let us live up to what we have already attained. "However, let us keep living by the same standard we have achieved." -# Nevertheless +# Nevertheless "No matter what else is true" - - - diff --git a/php/03/17.md b/php/03/17.md index 049fb10e7c..240c5373fb 100644 --- a/php/03/17.md +++ b/php/03/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Philippians 1:12](../01/12.md). # those who are walking by the example that you have in us "those who already are living as I live" or "those who already are doing what I do" - diff --git a/php/03/18.md b/php/03/18.md index aebcb0264e..c0ae6bef7c 100644 --- a/php/03/18.md +++ b/php/03/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul interrupts his main thought with these words that describe the "many." You # as enemies of the cross of Christ Here "the cross of Christ" refers to Christ's suffering and death. The enemies are those who say they believe in Jesus but are not willing to suffer or die like Jesus did. Alternate translation: "in a way that shows they are actually against Jesus, who was willing to suffer and die on a cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/php/03/19.md b/php/03/19.md index 6fa08cebf2..a2d22f5eb2 100644 --- a/php/03/19.md +++ b/php/03/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "shame" stands for the actions that the people should be ashamed about but # They think about earthly things Here "earthly" refers to everything that gives physical pleasure and does not honor God. Alternate translation: "All they think about is what will please themselves rather than what will please God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/php/03/20.md b/php/03/20.md index afb971226a..999abc2444 100644 --- a/php/03/20.md +++ b/php/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ By Paul's use of "our" and "we" here, he includes himself and the believers in P # our citizenship is in heaven Possible meanings are 1) "we are citizens of heaven" or 2) "our homeland is heaven" or 3) "our true home is heaven." - diff --git a/php/03/21.md b/php/03/21.md index 0eddb1f319..d68f13a193 100644 --- a/php/03/21.md +++ b/php/03/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # body, formed by the might of his power to subject all things to himself This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "body. He will change our bodies with the same power he uses to control all things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/php/03/intro.md b/php/03/intro.md index 2b06a3aa84..00c742a267 100644 --- a/php/03/intro.md +++ b/php/03/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,27 @@ # Philippians 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In verses 4-8, Paul lists how he qualifies for being considered a righteous Jew. In every way, Paul was an exemplary Jew. But he contrasts this with the greatness of knowing Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Dogs -The people of the ancient Near East used dogs as an image to refer to people in a negative way. Not all cultures use the term "dogs" in this way. +### Dogs + +The people of the ancient Near East used dogs as an image to refer to people in a negative way. Not all cultures use the term "dogs" in this way. + +### Resurrected Bodies -#### Resurrected Bodies We know very little about what people will be like in heaven. Paul teaches here that Christians will have some kind of glorious body and will be free from sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Prize -Paul uses an extended illustration to describe the Christian life. The goal of the Christian life is attempting to grow to be like Christ until a person dies. We can never achieve this goal perfectly, but we must strive for it. +### Prize + +Paul uses an extended illustration to describe the Christian life. The goal of the Christian life is attempting to grow to be like Christ until a person dies. We can never achieve this goal perfectly, but we must strive for it. ## Links: * __[Philippians 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/php/04/01.md b/php/04/01.md index 561503f0b7..2c48bd6cb0 100644 --- a/php/04/01.md +++ b/php/04/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul uses the word "joy" to mean that the Philippian church is the cause of his # in this way stand firm in the Lord, beloved friends "continue living for the Lord in the way that I have taught you, dear friends" - diff --git a/php/04/02.md b/php/04/02.md index b4e0b2fdb9..40a8b67e65 100644 --- a/php/04/02.md +++ b/php/04/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are women who were believers and helped Paul in the church at Philippi. Al # be of the same mind in the Lord The phrase "be of the same mind" means to have the same attitude or opinion. Alternate translation: "agree with each other because you both believe in the same Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/php/04/03.md b/php/04/03.md index 51bbb8f849..1e526b5cba 100644 --- a/php/04/03.md +++ b/php/04/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Clement was a man who was a believer and worker in the church at Philippi. (See: # whose names are in the Book of Life "whose names God has written in the Book of Life" - diff --git a/php/04/04.md b/php/04/04.md index d1efc39934..2bb61501a2 100644 --- a/php/04/04.md +++ b/php/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Rejoice in the Lord "Be happy because of all the Lord has done." See how you translated this in [Philippians 3:1](../03/01.md). - diff --git a/php/04/05.md b/php/04/05.md index 09f5000fb0..19c71d1d17 100644 --- a/php/04/05.md +++ b/php/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The Lord is near Possible meanings are 1) The Lord Jesus is near to the believers in spirit or 2) the day the Lord Jesus will return to the earth is near. - diff --git a/php/04/06.md b/php/04/06.md index 352c34d3b6..46351553a2 100644 --- a/php/04/06.md +++ b/php/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in everything by prayer and earnest appeal with thanksgiving, let your requests be known to God "whatever happens to you, ask God for everything you need with prayer and thanks" - diff --git a/php/04/07.md b/php/04/07.md index bb1579bc07..0906c7eb89 100644 --- a/php/04/07.md +++ b/php/04/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This presents God's peace as a soldier who protects our hearts and thoughts from # your thoughts The word translated "thoughts" can also be translated "minds," referring to the part of the person that thinks. - diff --git a/php/04/08.md b/php/04/08.md index c71376ee0d..38561d6e43 100644 --- a/php/04/08.md +++ b/php/04/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Philippians 1:12](../01/12.md). # if there is anything to be praised "and if they are things that people praise" - diff --git a/php/04/09.md b/php/04/09.md index 773bf42345..a9c4007d44 100644 --- a/php/04/09.md +++ b/php/04/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that you have learned and received and heard and seen in me "that I have taught and shown you" - diff --git a/php/04/10.md b/php/04/10.md index 53b53ebdb3..b1f0051264 100644 --- a/php/04/10.md +++ b/php/04/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Paul begins to thank the Philippians for a gift that they have sent him. - diff --git a/php/04/11.md b/php/04/11.md index 73e02cb0dd..d31023fae5 100644 --- a/php/04/11.md +++ b/php/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul begins to explain that he is thanking them for this gift simply because he # in all circumstances "no matter what my situation is" - diff --git a/php/04/12.md b/php/04/12.md index a229feb4d2..c678bf58eb 100644 --- a/php/04/12.md +++ b/php/04/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul knows how to live happily having either no possessions or many possessions. # how to be well fed or to be hungry, and how to have an abundance or to be in need These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize that he has learned how to be content in any situation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/php/04/13.md b/php/04/13.md index ebe628e338..4255139ca8 100644 --- a/php/04/13.md +++ b/php/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I can do all things through him who strengthens me "I can do all things because Christ gives me strength" - diff --git a/php/04/14.md b/php/04/14.md index 82e6caf2c4..3f78fb421f 100644 --- a/php/04/14.md +++ b/php/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in my difficulties Paul speaks of his hardships as if they were a place that he is in. Alternate translation: "when things became difficult" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/04/15.md b/php/04/15.md index 68a5465cc9..d4c8c2ad52 100644 --- a/php/04/15.md +++ b/php/04/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses the word "gospel" here to mean his preaching of the gospel. Alternate # no church supported me in the matter of giving and receiving except you alone This double negative emphasizes that the Philippians were unique. Alternate translation: "the only church that supported me in the matter of giving and receiving was you" or "you were the only church that sent me money or helped me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/php/04/16.md b/php/04/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/php/04/16.md +++ b/php/04/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/php/04/17.md b/php/04/17.md index 1631e98310..74e2b6e4e7 100644 --- a/php/04/17.md +++ b/php/04/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is explaining that his reason for writing about gifts is not that he hopes # I seek the fruit that increases to your credit Paul explains his reason for writing about gifts. Here "fruit that increases to you credit" is a metaphor for either 1) more good deeds that can be recorded for the Philippians. Alternate translation: "Rather I want God to recognize the increasing good deeds that you do" or 2) more blessings for the good things that the Philippians do. Alternate translation: "Rather I want God to bless you more because of the good deeds that you do"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/04/18.md b/php/04/18.md index 069d7777f6..ba377630c0 100644 --- a/php/04/18.md +++ b/php/04/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Paul has received everything that the Philippians sent # They are a sweet-smelling aroma, a sacrifice acceptable and pleasing to God Paul speaks of the gift from the Philippian church as if it were a sacrifice offered to God on an altar. Paul implies that the church's gift is very pleasing to God, like the sacrifices that the priests burned, which had a smell that pleased God. Alternate translation: "I assure you these gifts are very pleasing to God, like an acceptable sacrifice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/php/04/19.md b/php/04/19.md index 1e4309d31a..94487fb28d 100644 --- a/php/04/19.md +++ b/php/04/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase translates the same word that is translated "have been well supplied # according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus "from his glorious riches that he gives through Christ Jesus" - diff --git a/php/04/20.md b/php/04/20.md index 8fdc7aed91..f973f24daf 100644 --- a/php/04/20.md +++ b/php/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now to our God The word "Now" marks the closing prayer and the end of this section of the letter. - diff --git a/php/04/21.md b/php/04/21.md index 171ba5c724..fa71007006 100644 --- a/php/04/21.md +++ b/php/04/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Philippians 1:12](../01/12.md). # all God's holy people Some versions translate this as "every holy person" or "every saint." - diff --git a/php/04/22.md b/php/04/22.md index 7d59e29d23..ff77c5bf5d 100644 --- a/php/04/22.md +++ b/php/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some versions translate this as "All the believers" or "All of the saints." # especially those of Caesar's household This refers to servants who worked in Caesar's palace. "especially the fellow believers who work in the palace of Caesar" - diff --git a/php/04/23.md b/php/04/23.md index 37b1c22516..f4c3572aac 100644 --- a/php/04/23.md +++ b/php/04/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with your spirit Paul refers to the believers by using the word "spirit," which is the part of a person that can relate to God. Alternate translation: "with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/php/04/intro.md b/php/04/intro.md index 3fb6327460..4c4507cd80 100644 --- a/php/04/intro.md +++ b/php/04/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Philippians 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "My joy and my crown" -#### "My joy and my crown" Paul had helped the Philippians become spiritually mature. As a result, Paul rejoiced and God honored him and his work. He considered discipling other Christians and encouraging them to grow spiritually as important to Christian living. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Euodia and Syntyche -#### Euodia and Syntyche Apparently these two women disagreed with each other. Paul was encouraging them to agree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Apparently these two women disagreed with each other. Paul was encouraging them * __[Philippians 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/php/front/intro.md b/php/front/intro.md index 1673c786df..bd6d878bd0 100644 --- a/php/front/intro.md +++ b/php/front/intro.md @@ -7,19 +7,22 @@ 1. Greeting, thanksgiving and prayer (1:1-11) 1. Paul's report on his ministry (1:12-26) 1. Instructions - - To be steadfast (1:27-30) - - To be united (2:1-2) - - To be humble (2:3-11) - - To work out our salvation with God working in you (2:12-13) - - To be innocent and light (2:14-18) + + - To be steadfast (1:27-30) + - To be united (2:1-2) + - To be humble (2:3-11) + - To work out our salvation with God working in you (2:12-13) + - To be innocent and light (2:14-18) + 1. Timothy and Epaphroditus (2:19-30) 1. Warning about false teachers (3:1-4:1) 1. Personal instruction (4:2-5) 1. Rejoice and do not be anxious (4:4-6) 1. Final remarks - - Values (4:8-9) - - Contentment (4:10-20) - - Final Greetings (4:21-23) + + - Values (4:8-9) + - Contentment (4:10-20) + - Final Greetings (4:21-23) ### Who wrote the Book Philippians? @@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ Paul wrote this letter while in prison in Rome. ### What is the Book of Philippians about? -Paul wrote this letter to the believers in Philippi, a city in Macedonia. He wrote it to thank the Philippians for the gift they had sent him. He wanted to tell them about how he was doing in prison and to encourage them to rejoice even if they are suffering. He also wrote to them about a man named Epaphroditus. He was the one who brought the gift to Paul. While visiting Paul, Epaphroditus became ill. So, Paul decided to send him back to Philippi. Paul encouraged the believers in Philippi to welcome and to be kind to Epaphroditus when he returns. +Paul wrote this letter to the believers in Philippi, a city in Macedonia. He wrote it to thank the Philippians for the gift they had sent him. He wanted to tell them about how he was doing in prison and to encourage them to rejoice even if they are suffering. He also wrote to them about a man named Epaphroditus. He was the one who brought the gift to Paul. While visiting Paul, Epaphroditus became ill. So, Paul decided to send him back to Philippi. Paul encouraged the believers in Philippi to welcome and to be kind to Epaphroditus when he returns. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -63,7 +66,6 @@ These phrases also have specific meanings that depend on how Paul used them in a ### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of Philippians? -* Some versions have "Amen" at the end of the final verse in the letter (4:23). The ULB, UDB, and other many modern versions do not. If "Amen" is included, it should be put inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that it is probably not original to the Book of Philippians. +* Some versions have "Amen" at the end of the final verse in the letter (4:23). The ULB, UDB, and other many modern versions do not. If "Amen" is included, it should be put inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that it is probably not original to the Book of Philippians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/01.md b/pro/01/01.md index ab4ded0b0d..56070042cd 100644 --- a/pro/01/01.md +++ b/pro/01/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verses 2-33 are poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/02.md b/pro/01/02.md index cc4c35f99a..1ed4c64ac7 100644 --- a/pro/01/02.md +++ b/pro/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be reworded so that the abstract nouns "wisdom" and "instruction" can b # to teach words of insight "to help you understand wise teachings" - diff --git a/pro/01/03.md b/pro/01/03.md index 320322ee41..e237bf0d15 100644 --- a/pro/01/03.md +++ b/pro/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "you" refers to the readers. If it is more natural in your language you can # may receive instruction in prudent behavior This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "behavior" is stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "may receive instruction in how to live prudently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/04.md b/pro/01/04.md index 1ddbe837f8..076118b8c1 100644 --- a/pro/01/04.md +++ b/pro/01/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract nouns "knowledge" and "discretion" can be stated as verbs. Alternat # discretion knowing what should be done in a particular situation - diff --git a/pro/01/05.md b/pro/01/05.md index e416fc13b1..170b43d104 100644 --- a/pro/01/05.md +++ b/pro/01/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # let discerning people get wise counsel "let people who have understanding learn from these proverbs how to make good decisions" - diff --git a/pro/01/06.md b/pro/01/06.md index c71620f56c..d6501ecb88 100644 --- a/pro/01/06.md +++ b/pro/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # riddles sayings that one can understand only after thinking about them - diff --git a/pro/01/07.md b/pro/01/07.md index 0319c0aaa5..1edfa8309c 100644 --- a/pro/01/07.md +++ b/pro/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # fools despise wisdom and instruction "those who do not value what is wise and instructive are fools" - diff --git a/pro/01/08.md b/pro/01/08.md index 22461422ee..c8d2758010 100644 --- a/pro/01/08.md +++ b/pro/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not abandon "do not ignore" or "do not reject" - diff --git a/pro/01/09.md b/pro/01/09.md index 2faf6e918b..2ca03ce23a 100644 --- a/pro/01/09.md +++ b/pro/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ an woven circle made of leaves or flowers # pendants jewelry that is worn around the neck - diff --git a/pro/01/10.md b/pro/01/10.md index f3059ffcfa..05c1e64588 100644 --- a/pro/01/10.md +++ b/pro/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do not go with them "refuse to go them" or "do not listen to them" - diff --git a/pro/01/11.md b/pro/01/11.md index 7920bac4c0..110f8cb48a 100644 --- a/pro/01/11.md +++ b/pro/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the speaker gives an example of what sinners may try to entice someone to d # lie in wait "hide and wait for the right time" - diff --git a/pro/01/12.md b/pro/01/12.md index 8d3a13548a..ec8e499543 100644 --- a/pro/01/12.md +++ b/pro/01/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The wicked expect to destroy their victims in the same way Sheol, the place of t # those who go down into the pit These words could be 1) a literal reference to travelers who fall into a deep hole where no one will ever find them or 2) a euphemism for people who die and enter Sheol, the place of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/13.md b/pro/01/13.md index 7f6bdde83b..4d87d70f37 100644 --- a/pro/01/13.md +++ b/pro/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we will find The word "find" is a euphemism or metonym for "get" or "seize" by violence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/14.md b/pro/01/14.md index 47c7f2b3ed..f15a29d08b 100644 --- a/pro/01/14.md +++ b/pro/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "purse" represents everything that they steal. Alternate translation: "we w # purse a bag for carrying money - diff --git a/pro/01/15.md b/pro/01/15.md index 644605fdf3..1c08f6f5cb 100644 --- a/pro/01/15.md +++ b/pro/01/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the continuation of the sentence that started in 1:11 with "If they say. # do not walk down that path with them; do not let your foot touch where they walk To avoid behaving the same way as the sinners do is spoken of as if the son were to avoid walking on or even touching the paths that sinners walk on. Alternate translation: "do not go with the sinners, and do not do what they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/16.md b/pro/01/16.md index 38a34c4752..2f9e7c448c 100644 --- a/pro/01/16.md +++ b/pro/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "feet" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "they run" (See: # to shed blood Here "blood" represents a person's life. To "shed blood" means to murder someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/17.md b/pro/01/17.md index a71c12a86f..e8d448ebfb 100644 --- a/pro/01/17.md +++ b/pro/01/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For it is useless to spread the net in the sight of any bird This metaphor compares the wisdom of birds who avoid traps that they see to the foolishness of sinners who get caught in traps they make for themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/18.md b/pro/01/18.md index c0ee147e87..78999d217d 100644 --- a/pro/01/18.md +++ b/pro/01/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "blood" is a metonym for a violent death. Alternate translation: "to kill t # they set an ambush for their own lives Here "their own lives" is a metonym for themselves. Alternate translation: "it is as if they are the ones who are waiting to suddenly attack and kill them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/19.md b/pro/01/19.md index eeba8f31db..abc4438801 100644 --- a/pro/01/19.md +++ b/pro/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If your language has a word for "profit" that has been gained by unjust means, y # unjust gain takes away the lives of those who hold on to it A person destroying themselves by trying to gain wealth through violence, theft, and deceit is spoken of as if the unjust gains will kill those who take it. Alternate translation: "it is like the unjust gains will destroy those who hold on to it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/20.md b/pro/01/20.md index ec2668823a..3a1ec5ca6d 100644 --- a/pro/01/20.md +++ b/pro/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "speaks with a loud voice" (See: [[rc:/ # in the open places This means places where there would be a lot of people. Alternate translation: "in the markets" or "in the town squares" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/21.md b/pro/01/21.md index b608ed4d81..ac9317021d 100644 --- a/pro/01/21.md +++ b/pro/01/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at the head of the noisy streets Possible meanings are 1) "head" refers to the place where busy streets intersect or 2) "head" refers to the top of a wall where people on noisy streets could see and hear wisdom speaking. - diff --git a/pro/01/22.md b/pro/01/22.md index bb0ba15926..a0fdbe6b6d 100644 --- a/pro/01/22.md +++ b/pro/01/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ inexperienced or immature # How long, you mockers, will you delight in mockery, and how long, you fools, will you hate knowledge? Wisdom uses this question to rebuke the mockers and the fools. Alternate translation: "You who mock must stop delighting in mockery, and you fools must stop hating knowledge." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/23.md b/pro/01/23.md index a5d4180993..7539ad5882 100644 --- a/pro/01/23.md +++ b/pro/01/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a metonym for thoughts. This and the word "words" form a merism of thoug # I will make my words known to you "I will tell you what I think" - diff --git a/pro/01/24.md b/pro/01/24.md index af8755a17f..d057be0a65 100644 --- a/pro/01/24.md +++ b/pro/01/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I reached out with my hand This phrase is an idiom that means to beckon someone or to invite a person to come. Alternate translation: "I invited you to come to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/25.md b/pro/01/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/01/25.md +++ b/pro/01/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/01/26.md b/pro/01/26.md index 7dc41bc343..2c23e81859 100644 --- a/pro/01/26.md +++ b/pro/01/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated with the word "therefore" to show that the woman wisdom laugh # at your calamity "when bad things happen to you" - diff --git a/pro/01/27.md b/pro/01/27.md index 175fa63795..761bdb0f0a 100644 --- a/pro/01/27.md +++ b/pro/01/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Terrible things happening to the people is compared to a storm hitting them and # whirlwind a very strong wind storm that causes damage - diff --git a/pro/01/28.md b/pro/01/28.md index b3d32040bc..2aa6d3336b 100644 --- a/pro/01/28.md +++ b/pro/01/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Wisdom continues speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) # Then they will call upon me "Then those who ignored me will cry out to me for help" - diff --git a/pro/01/29.md b/pro/01/29.md index c18b23f9d0..b3161db301 100644 --- a/pro/01/29.md +++ b/pro/01/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "knowledge" can be stated as the verb "learn." Alternate trans # did not choose the fear of Yahweh The abstract noun "fear" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "did not fear Yahweh" or "did not honor and respect Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/30.md b/pro/01/30.md index 84eb593b1c..59650e20f1 100644 --- a/pro/01/30.md +++ b/pro/01/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # would not follow my instruction "would not accept my instruction" or "rejected my advice" - diff --git a/pro/01/31.md b/pro/01/31.md index 0dab8c27fc..8d1e5bb50a 100644 --- a/pro/01/31.md +++ b/pro/01/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here a person's behavior is spoken of as if it were a way or road. Also, a perso # with the fruit of their schemes they will be filled "they will eat the fruit of their schemes until they are full." A person receiving the results of their own evil plans is spoken of as eating the fruit of their schemes. Alternate translation: "they will suffer the consequences of their own evil plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/01/32.md b/pro/01/32.md index d329c3ede9..676e7a9ae9 100644 --- a/pro/01/32.md +++ b/pro/01/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "indifference" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: # indifference a lack of interest about something - diff --git a/pro/01/33.md b/pro/01/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/01/33.md +++ b/pro/01/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/01/intro.md b/pro/01/intro.md index 16f53c079c..b70d6a07b0 100644 --- a/pro/01/intro.md +++ b/pro/01/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The first chapter of proverbs begins with a type of introduction in verses 1-7. It mentions Solomon, son of David. Verse 7 contains a foundational verse for the whole book. It defines wisdom. +The first chapter of proverbs begins with a type of introduction in verses 1-7. It mentions Solomon, son of David. Verse 7 contains a foundational verse for the whole book. It defines wisdom. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Parallelism +### Parallelism Proverbs are often written without any surrounding context and in two lines of text. Each line will have a certain relationship to the other line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) @@ -16,4 +16,3 @@ Proverbs are often written without any surrounding context and in two lines of t * __[Proverbs intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/02/01.md b/pro/02/01.md index aa03cc4fd8..494f6eca30 100644 --- a/pro/02/01.md +++ b/pro/02/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A father teaches his child using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paralle # treasure up my commandments with you Valuing what is commanded is spoken of as if the commandments were a treasure and the person were a safe place to store the treasure. Alternate translation: "consider my commands to be as valuable as a treasure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/02.md b/pro/02/02.md index db457a3410..fcbd85099c 100644 --- a/pro/02/02.md +++ b/pro/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This abstract noun can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "to the # incline your heart to understanding Here "heart" represents a person's mind. The phrase "incline your heart" is an idiom that means to commit or fully dedicate one's mind to a task. Alternate translation: "try hard to understand what is wise" or "fully dedicate yourself to understanding wise teachings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/03.md b/pro/02/03.md index 45e72e8576..766bf3ba67 100644 --- a/pro/02/03.md +++ b/pro/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # raise your voice This is an idiom that means to speak loudly or to shout. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/04.md b/pro/02/04.md index e79bd96cf3..92917e9e19 100644 --- a/pro/02/04.md +++ b/pro/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both phrases have the same meaning. These similes emphasize the great effort a p # you seek it ... search for understanding Trying very hard to understand what is wise is spoken of as if understanding were an object for which a person must search. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/05.md b/pro/02/05.md index 4416756ccb..a44c9c746d 100644 --- a/pro/02/05.md +++ b/pro/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will find the knowledge of God To succeed in knowing God is spoken of as if the knowledge of God were an object that a person finds after searching. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/06.md b/pro/02/06.md index a0cc6fc425..b9e9ba3c1a 100644 --- a/pro/02/06.md +++ b/pro/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from his mouth comes knowledge and understanding Here "mouth" represents Yahweh himself or what he says. Alternate translation: "from Yahweh comes knowledge and understanding" or "Yahweh tells us what we need to know and understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/07.md b/pro/02/07.md index f8ee0a3e84..22afdcef6b 100644 --- a/pro/02/07.md +++ b/pro/02/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh being able to protect his people is spoken of as if he were a shield. Alt # who walk in integrity A person behaving with integrity is spoken of as if they were walking in integrity. Alternate translation: "who behave with integrity" or "who live their lives as they should" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/08.md b/pro/02/08.md index c268174bed..47ffeec274 100644 --- a/pro/02/08.md +++ b/pro/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) justice itself is spoken of as if it were a path. Alter # preserve the way of his faithful ones A person's life is spoken of as if it were a way or road. Alternate translation: "protect those who are faithful to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/09.md b/pro/02/09.md index fb3d15acf9..382f8b9a77 100644 --- a/pro/02/09.md +++ b/pro/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ fairness # every good path A behavior that is wise and pleases Yahweh is spoken of as if it were a good path. Alternate translation: "ways to live that are pleasing to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/10.md b/pro/02/10.md index cd77a6019d..5fa5c151da 100644 --- a/pro/02/10.md +++ b/pro/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. A person becoming wise is spoken # pleasant to your soul Here "soul" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "pleasing to you" or "enjoyable to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/11.md b/pro/02/11.md index dd18175476..a6bb24b0ac 100644 --- a/pro/02/11.md +++ b/pro/02/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the quality of being careful in actions and speech # watch over to guard, protect or take care of someone or something - diff --git a/pro/02/12.md b/pro/02/12.md index 6702469690..28c40ae77c 100644 --- a/pro/02/12.md +++ b/pro/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from the way of evil Evil behaviors are spoken of as if evil were a way or path on which a person walks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/13.md b/pro/02/13.md index b1e077e75e..83cbb32d8d 100644 --- a/pro/02/13.md +++ b/pro/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "who" refers to the people who speak perverse things. # abandon to leave and never return to someone or something - diff --git a/pro/02/14.md b/pro/02/14.md index e2125c9b5d..7dfccca899 100644 --- a/pro/02/14.md +++ b/pro/02/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # delight in the perversities of evil This means basically the same thing as the first part of the sentence. Alternate translation: "delight in doing what they know is evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/15.md b/pro/02/15.md index c501ba2782..5ff4b0362b 100644 --- a/pro/02/15.md +++ b/pro/02/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People who lie to others are spoken of as if they walk on crooked or twisted pat # using deception they hide their tracks People lying so that others will not find out what they did is spoken of as if they covered the tracks on a path so that no one could follow them. Alternate translation: "they lie so that no one will know what they have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/16.md b/pro/02/16.md index 1722d99c1b..3d310afbcd 100644 --- a/pro/02/16.md +++ b/pro/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The father continues to teach his child how wisdom will protect him. # Wisdom and discretion will save you The writer speaks of wisdom and discretion as if they were people who save the one who possesses them. Alternate translation: "If you have wisdom and discretion, you will save yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/17.md b/pro/02/17.md index c5b17ec449..e699c5ad8b 100644 --- a/pro/02/17.md +++ b/pro/02/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to her husband, whom she married when she was young. # the covenant of her God This likely refers to the marriage covenant that she made with her husband in the presence of God. - diff --git a/pro/02/18.md b/pro/02/18.md index 83ee26db2d..7b671910f1 100644 --- a/pro/02/18.md +++ b/pro/02/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the paths to her house will lead you." This refers to # to those in the grave This refers to the spirits of dead people and is a metonym for the place of the dead. Alternate translation: "to the grave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/19.md b/pro/02/19.md index 87647c5982..acb39bc4f6 100644 --- a/pro/02/19.md +++ b/pro/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way of speaking about haveing sexual relations. Alternate trans # they will not reach the paths of life Possible meanings are 1) "they will not return to the land of the living" or 2) "they will never live a happy life again." - diff --git a/pro/02/20.md b/pro/02/20.md index 0b0d440850..fb68942e57 100644 --- a/pro/02/20.md +++ b/pro/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer tells the result of getting understanding and discretion. # you will walk in the way ... follow the paths A person's conduct is spoken of as if it were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "you will live in the way ... follow the example" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/21.md b/pro/02/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/02/21.md +++ b/pro/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/02/22.md b/pro/02/22.md index a432e07af7..bce20ff298 100644 --- a/pro/02/22.md +++ b/pro/02/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are nominal adjectives that can be stated as adjectives. Alternate transla # the faithless will be cut off from it The writer speaks of Yahweh removing people from the land as if he were cutting the people off, like a person might cut a branch from a tree. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will remove the faithless from it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/02/intro.md b/pro/02/intro.md index d8e844ecf8..5acabc5783 100644 --- a/pro/02/intro.md +++ b/pro/02/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Proverbs 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 2 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. +Chapter 2 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### My Son -Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to "my son." This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son. +### My Son + +Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to "my son." This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son. ## Links: * __[Proverbs 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/03/01.md b/pro/03/01.md index 6a9c9763d3..5e3f99895c 100644 --- a/pro/03/01.md +++ b/pro/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "teaching" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "do not # keep my commandments in your heart This phrase says in positive terms what the previous phrase says in negative terms. Here the word "heart" represents the mind. The word "commandments" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "always remember what I have commanded you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/02.md b/pro/03/02.md index 9e7d080254..dd8118ae9d 100644 --- a/pro/03/02.md +++ b/pro/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for the length of your days and years of your life These two phrases share similar meanings and refer to the duration of a person's life. Alternate translation: "all your life" or "as long as you live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/03.md b/pro/03/03.md index 63127cc7eb..518d9511fb 100644 --- a/pro/03/03.md +++ b/pro/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of faithfulness and trustworthiness as if they were objects th # write them on the tablet of your heart Here the heart represents a person's mind. The mind is spoken of as if it were a tablet upon which someone can write messages and commands. Alternate translation: "always remember them, as if you had written them permanently on a tablet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/04.md b/pro/03/04.md index d3a8776bc6..6aa1bb1e91 100644 --- a/pro/03/04.md +++ b/pro/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the sight of God and man Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "in the judgment of God and man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/05.md b/pro/03/05.md index 516b483231..ba3d24671e 100644 --- a/pro/03/05.md +++ b/pro/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" represents the inner person. Alternate translation: "your # do not lean on your own understanding The writer speaks of relying on one's own understanding as if "understanding" were an object on which a person can lean. Alternate translation: "do not rely on your own understanding" or "do not trust your own understanding" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/06.md b/pro/03/06.md index 634bc14767..29cc9c8dfb 100644 --- a/pro/03/06.md +++ b/pro/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of a person's actions as if they were paths on which the perso # he will make your paths straight The writer speaks of Yahweh making a person's actions prosperous as if that person's actions were paths on which he walks and which Yahweh makes free of obstacles. Alternate translation: "he will give you success" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/07.md b/pro/03/07.md index a4ab55f897..df6716bbf5 100644 --- a/pro/03/07.md +++ b/pro/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of a person's opinion as if that person were seeing something # turn away from evil The writer speaks of not committing evil actions as if it were turning away from evil. Alternate translation: "do not commit evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/08.md b/pro/03/08.md index 60c71f5725..79194e0f65 100644 --- a/pro/03/08.md +++ b/pro/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "it" refers to the instructions that the writer gives in the previous v # flesh ... bones These words form a merism that refers to the entire person through metonymy for the outer man and the inner man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/09.md b/pro/03/09.md index cf0c6f40e7..cd4f58c587 100644 --- a/pro/03/09.md +++ b/pro/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all your produce "all the food you harvest" - diff --git a/pro/03/10.md b/pro/03/10.md index 2cdf99091d..b5f50bd180 100644 --- a/pro/03/10.md +++ b/pro/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ buildings or rooms where food is stored # your vats will be bursting your storage containers will be extremely full, as if ready to break open. - diff --git a/pro/03/11.md b/pro/03/11.md index db555f2094..948e1349a8 100644 --- a/pro/03/11.md +++ b/pro/03/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer writes as a father teaching his son. - diff --git a/pro/03/12.md b/pro/03/12.md index a956ae4c4b..c9b3d5ddcd 100644 --- a/pro/03/12.md +++ b/pro/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a son who pleases him "a son in whom he delights." This refers to the father's affection for the son, and not to the father's approval of the son's behavior. Alternate translation: "a son whom he loves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/13.md b/pro/03/13.md index bcfba46dff..1292b757f7 100644 --- a/pro/03/13.md +++ b/pro/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The one who finds wisdom The writer speaks of "wisdom" as if it were an object that one finds. Alternate translation: "The one who attains wisdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/14.md b/pro/03/14.md index 0ad6b0142f..b8347af12b 100644 --- a/pro/03/14.md +++ b/pro/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what silver will give in return This refers to the profit that one can make from trading or investing silver. - diff --git a/pro/03/15.md b/pro/03/15.md index 79483da76e..23b36d8511 100644 --- a/pro/03/15.md +++ b/pro/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # more precious "more valuable" - diff --git a/pro/03/16.md b/pro/03/16.md index 9a672326c9..da53d1f75d 100644 --- a/pro/03/16.md +++ b/pro/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speak of the benefits that one gains from having wisdom as if wisdom # length of her days This idiom refers to the duration of person's life and may imply a long life. Alternate translation: "long life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/17.md b/pro/03/17.md index a758f6693c..e118ac8a62 100644 --- a/pro/03/17.md +++ b/pro/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman and of the benefits that wisdo # ways of pleasantness "pleasant ways" - diff --git a/pro/03/18.md b/pro/03/18.md index be06806bbd..90550b29c5 100644 --- a/pro/03/18.md +++ b/pro/03/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of wisdom as if it were a tree that bears life-giving fruit an # those who hold on to it "those who hold on to its fruit" - diff --git a/pro/03/19.md b/pro/03/19.md index 417d462d90..6e3656ce13 100644 --- a/pro/03/19.md +++ b/pro/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh founded the earth ... established the heavens The writer speaks of Yahweh creating the earth and the heavens as if he were laying the foundation of a building. Alternate translation: "Yahweh created the earth ... made the heavens" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/20.md b/pro/03/20.md index 55009d8897..0d8e329d3c 100644 --- a/pro/03/20.md +++ b/pro/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In ancient thought, water existed under the earth. This phrase refers to Yahweh # dew water that forms on the ground at night - diff --git a/pro/03/21.md b/pro/03/21.md index 46a8e2412e..da8f4cbfc6 100644 --- a/pro/03/21.md +++ b/pro/03/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not let these depart from your eyes ... wisdom ... discretion The word "eyes" is a metonym for what the eyes see, and "wisdom" and "discretion" are spoken of as if they were animals able to escape or wander away. Alternate translation: "do not let these out of your sight ... wisdom ... discretion" or "never forget ... wisdom ... discretion" or "always remember ... wisdom ... discretion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/22.md b/pro/03/22.md index ccf6b86e45..4ca99e089c 100644 --- a/pro/03/22.md +++ b/pro/03/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of "sound judgment" and "discernment" as if they were objects # adornment of favor Possible meanings are 1) "a favorable adornment" or 2) "an adornment that displays Yahweh's favor." - diff --git a/pro/03/23.md b/pro/03/23.md index 71e38e9357..e7f9728b7f 100644 --- a/pro/03/23.md +++ b/pro/03/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of living one's life as if the person were walking along a pat # your foot will not stumble The word "foot" represents the whole person. The writer speaks of doing wrong as if a person stumbled over an object in his path. Alternate translation: "you will not do things that are wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/24.md b/pro/03/24.md index 9007bd5cdb..5cd1cf8c7e 100644 --- a/pro/03/24.md +++ b/pro/03/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that a person lies down in order to sleep. The meaning of this can # your sleep will be sweet The writer speaks of sleep that is peaceful and refreshing as if it tasted sweet to the person sleeping. The word "sleep" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "your sleep will be pleasant" or "you will sleep peacefully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/25.md b/pro/03/25.md index 1033b41ea9..a5e49352f8 100644 --- a/pro/03/25.md +++ b/pro/03/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the wicked cause # the wicked This refers to wicked persons in general. This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "wicked people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/26.md b/pro/03/26.md index 0043b36774..5dacd8f587 100644 --- a/pro/03/26.md +++ b/pro/03/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will keep your foot from being caught in a trap The writer speaks of a person experiencing harm from "terror" and "devastation" as if the person were caught in a trap. The word "foot" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "will protect you from those who want to harm you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/27.md b/pro/03/27.md index 7681b0efa8..bc2f618ed0 100644 --- a/pro/03/27.md +++ b/pro/03/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # when it is in your power to act "when you are able to help" - diff --git a/pro/03/28.md b/pro/03/28.md index 2fb4993946..2c55e27d47 100644 --- a/pro/03/28.md +++ b/pro/03/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when you have the money with you "when you have the money with you now." The meaning here is that the person has the money to help today, but tells his neighbor to come back tomorrow. - diff --git a/pro/03/29.md b/pro/03/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/03/29.md +++ b/pro/03/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/03/30.md b/pro/03/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/03/30.md +++ b/pro/03/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/03/31.md b/pro/03/31.md index 72945dfb79..fd376cbfa3 100644 --- a/pro/03/31.md +++ b/pro/03/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not ... choose any of his ways It is implied that he is not to choose to imitate the actions of the violent person. Alternate translation: "Do not ... choose to imitate any of his ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/32.md b/pro/03/32.md index 5877ddb763..b6975a04f4 100644 --- a/pro/03/32.md +++ b/pro/03/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the person who is dishonest or deceitful # he brings the upright person into his confidence Yahweh shares his thoughts with the those who do right as with a close, trusted friend. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is a close friend to the upright" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/33.md b/pro/03/33.md index 2313bdea1b..e0c9d12761 100644 --- a/pro/03/33.md +++ b/pro/03/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh's curse as if it were an object that he placed on to # he blesses the home of righteous people The word "home" represents the family. Alternate translation: "he blesses the families of righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/34.md b/pro/03/34.md index 6ce550b3ca..4f8726604c 100644 --- a/pro/03/34.md +++ b/pro/03/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he gives his favor to humble people The writer speaks of Yahweh's favor as if it were an object that he gives to people. Alternate translation: "he shows his favor to humble people" or "he is gracious to humble people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/35.md b/pro/03/35.md index c1c4d60575..a52752efd2 100644 --- a/pro/03/35.md +++ b/pro/03/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of wise people obtaining a reputation of honor as if they inhe # fools will be lifted up in their shame The writer speaks of Yahweh making the shame of fools evident to everyone as if Yahweh were lifting fools up for everyone to see them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will cause everyone to see the shame of fools" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/03/intro.md b/pro/03/intro.md index 23ed22ff82..8ffaa07866 100644 --- a/pro/03/intro.md +++ b/pro/03/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,16 @@ # Proverbs 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 3 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. +Chapter 3 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### My Son -#### My Son Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to "my son." This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son. -#### Wisdom is feminine +### Wisdom is feminine You may notice that wisdom is referenced using a feminine pronoun. This is a feature that is carried in from the Hebrew language. This may apply well in your language but if it does not, follow the conventions of your language. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ You may notice that wisdom is referenced using a feminine pronoun. This is a fea * __[Proverbs 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/04/01.md b/pro/04/01.md index d495d1cbd0..15ff180c5e 100644 --- a/pro/04/01.md +++ b/pro/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks as a father teaching his children. # you will know what understanding is "you will know how to understand" or "you will gain understanding" - diff --git a/pro/04/02.md b/pro/04/02.md index 09a9e7a0b3..dc77a0a1d3 100644 --- a/pro/04/02.md +++ b/pro/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am giving you good instructions "What I am teaching you is good" - diff --git a/pro/04/03.md b/pro/04/03.md index ad02a63274..aa3126478a 100644 --- a/pro/04/03.md +++ b/pro/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the time when the writer was a child still living under his fathe # the tender and only child Here the word "tender" refers to a young age at which the child is still weak. It forms a hendiadys with the word "only." Alternate translation: "the tender only child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/04.md b/pro/04/04.md index 93f75aa78c..74d79d965d 100644 --- a/pro/04/04.md +++ b/pro/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let your heart hold fast to my words Here the word "heart" represents the person's mind. The writer speaks of remembering words as if the heart were holding on tightly to them. Alternate translation: "Always remember what I am teaching you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/05.md b/pro/04/05.md index efa7954615..f9ed18449b 100644 --- a/pro/04/05.md +++ b/pro/04/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The father continues to teach his children what his father taught him. # the words of my mouth Here the word "mouth" represents the person who speaks. Alternate translation: "what I am saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/06.md b/pro/04/06.md index cc72ef165a..01bc9b45fa 100644 --- a/pro/04/06.md +++ b/pro/04/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "hold tightly to wis # love her "love wisdom" - diff --git a/pro/04/07.md b/pro/04/07.md index 244961d353..b350203ee3 100644 --- a/pro/04/07.md +++ b/pro/04/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The father finishes teaching his children what his father taught him. # spend all you own so you can get understanding "value understanding more than all you own" - diff --git a/pro/04/08.md b/pro/04/08.md index 32508df4b1..29dbd29727 100644 --- a/pro/04/08.md +++ b/pro/04/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ to feel or show great love for someone or something # she will honor you when you embrace her The writer speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman and of a person valuing wisdom as if the person placed his arms around her. Alternate translation: "if you love wisdom greatly, wisdom will cause people to honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/09.md b/pro/04/09.md index e7ec7b0e69..54b8680103 100644 --- a/pro/04/09.md +++ b/pro/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a woven circle made of leaves or flowers # she will give you a beautiful crown The writer speaks of the honor that a person will have from gaining wisdom as if wisdom placed a crown upon that person's head. Alternate translation: "wisdom will be like a beautiful crown on your head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/10.md b/pro/04/10.md index 20978d8e3f..76a50c71cd 100644 --- a/pro/04/10.md +++ b/pro/04/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will have many years in your life "you will live many years" - diff --git a/pro/04/11.md b/pro/04/11.md index fa202b1a13..e8435b2895 100644 --- a/pro/04/11.md +++ b/pro/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of teaching his son to live wisely as if he were leading his s # I am teaching ... I am leading If your language has a way of specifying that it is by his words [Proverbs 4:10](../04/10.md) and that the writer is teaching and leading, you may want to use it here. Alternate translation: "With these words I am teaching ... with them I am leading" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/12.md b/pro/04/12.md index 5a2f8e9f41..1d72eefc7e 100644 --- a/pro/04/12.md +++ b/pro/04/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When you walk, no one will stand in your way and if you run, you will not stumble These two lines share similar meanings. The writer speaks of the decisions and actions that a person makes as if that person were walking or running along a path and of the person being successful as if the path were free of obstacles that might make the person stumble. Alternate translation: "When you plan something, you will succeed in doing it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/13.md b/pro/04/13.md index e7f90de342..bdc55b3e73 100644 --- a/pro/04/13.md +++ b/pro/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of a person remembering what he has learned as if "instruction # for it is your life The writer speaks of discipline preserving a person's life as if it were that person's life. Alternate translation: "for it will preserve your life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/14.md b/pro/04/14.md index b688a6135b..a3d0623056 100644 --- a/pro/04/14.md +++ b/pro/04/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not follow the path of the wicked and do not go along the way of those who do evil The writer speaks of a person's actions as if that person were walking along a path. Alternate translation: "Do not do what wicked people do and do not join in the actions of people who do evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/15.md b/pro/04/15.md index eba45c0af5..13fd232966 100644 --- a/pro/04/15.md +++ b/pro/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Avoid it "Avoid the path of the wicked" - diff --git a/pro/04/16.md b/pro/04/16.md index 7a9a7436e0..91305495f0 100644 --- a/pro/04/16.md +++ b/pro/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of people being unable to sleep as if sleep were an object tha # until they cause someone to stumble The writer speaks of causing harm to another person as if it were causing that person to stumble. Alternate translation: "until they harm someone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/17.md b/pro/04/17.md index 28e1928394..9032261dad 100644 --- a/pro/04/17.md +++ b/pro/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor in which the writer speaks of these # devour eat a great amount quickly - diff --git a/pro/04/18.md b/pro/04/18.md index ef94d46ed8..3ff02c79f2 100644 --- a/pro/04/18.md +++ b/pro/04/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the dawn or sunrise. # until the fullness of the day comes This refers to the time of day at which the sun shines the brightest. Alternate translation: "until the sun shines most brightly" or "until full daylight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/19.md b/pro/04/19.md index 151a9d4877..eb83593ede 100644 --- a/pro/04/19.md +++ b/pro/04/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer compares the way of wicked people to darkness, meaning that they are # they do not know what it is they stumble over The writer speaks of experiencing harm as if it were stumbling over an object in the path along which the person walks. Alternate translation: "they do not know why they experience harm and misfortune" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/20.md b/pro/04/20.md index bf6a15e196..b1cefd09c0 100644 --- a/pro/04/20.md +++ b/pro/04/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # incline your ear to my sayings Here the word "ear" represents the person who is listening. The writer speaks of listening attentively to someone as if it were leaning forward so that the ear is closer to the one speaking. The word "sayings" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "listen attentively to the things that I am saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/21.md b/pro/04/21.md index e499cf34c6..eff83db8f1 100644 --- a/pro/04/21.md +++ b/pro/04/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of always thinking about something as if it were keeping it wh # keep them in your heart The writer speaks of remembering something as if it were keeping it within one's heart. Alternate translation: "always remember them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/22.md b/pro/04/22.md index 84de0483f6..42461b94a5 100644 --- a/pro/04/22.md +++ b/pro/04/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of fully understanding his words as if the person searches for # health to their whole body The word "their" refers to "those who find them." The subject for this phrase can be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "my words will give health to the whole body of those who find them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/23.md b/pro/04/23.md index 6f0584832b..db2fdfc85c 100644 --- a/pro/04/23.md +++ b/pro/04/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ with constant and earnest effort # from it flow the springs of life The word "it" refers to the heart, which is a metonym for the mind and thoughts. The writer speaks of a person's life as if it were a flowing spring that originates from the heart. Alternate translation: "from your thoughts comes everything you say and do" or "your thoughts determine your course of life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/24.md b/pro/04/24.md index 72dbc071ea..3af1077816 100644 --- a/pro/04/24.md +++ b/pro/04/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Put crooked speech away from you and put corrupt talk far from you The writer speaks of lying or deceitful speech as if it were crooked and of a person not using this kind of language as if it were removing it far away from oneself. Alternate translation: "Do not lie and do not speak deceitfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/25.md b/pro/04/25.md index d2e896f6c4..65cf140c29 100644 --- a/pro/04/25.md +++ b/pro/04/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let your eyes look straight ahead and fix your gaze straight before you Here the word "eyes" represents the person who is looking. The writer speaks of a person being committed to doing the right thing as if that person were constantly looking forward without turning his head to look in another direction. Alternate translation: "Always look straight ahead and fix your gaze straight before you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/26.md b/pro/04/26.md index 2c3c5dec26..582344f37b 100644 --- a/pro/04/26.md +++ b/pro/04/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "foot" represents the person who is walking. The writer speaks of # then all your ways will be established The writer speaks of a person's actions as if the person were walking along a path and of those actions being successful as if the path were safe and secure. Alternate translation: "then everything that you do will be right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/27.md b/pro/04/27.md index f2aafc155c..9b08ac27d1 100644 --- a/pro/04/27.md +++ b/pro/04/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The directions "right" and "left" form a merism, meaning that the person is not # turn your foot away from evil Here the word "foot" represents the person who walks. The writer speaks of not committing evil actions as if the person were walking away from evil. Alternate translation: "turn away from evil" or "stay away from evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/04/intro.md b/pro/04/intro.md index 7d26813e77..c7e361456f 100644 --- a/pro/04/intro.md +++ b/pro/04/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Proverbs 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 4 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. +Chapter 4 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### My Son -#### My Son Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to "my son." This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son. -#### Wisdom is feminine +### Wisdom is feminine You may notice that wisdom is referenced using a feminine pronoun. This is a feature that is carried in from the Hebrew language. This may apply well in your language but if it does not, follow the conventions of your language. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) + ## Links: * __[Proverbs 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/05/01.md b/pro/05/01.md index 996d0c05cd..9971866f0a 100644 --- a/pro/05/01.md +++ b/pro/05/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks as a father teaching his children. # incline your ears Here the word "ears" represents the person who is listening. The writer speaks of listening attentively to someone as if it were leaning forward so that the ears are closer to the one speaking. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 4:20](../04/20.md). Alternate translation: "listen attentively" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/02.md b/pro/05/02.md index dedcf84fd4..74757d8654 100644 --- a/pro/05/02.md +++ b/pro/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Discretion is the quality of being careful with regard to one's actions and spee # your lips may protect knowledge Here the word "lips" represents the person who speaks. The writer speaks of a person being careful only to say what is true as if the person's lips were protecting knowledge. Alternate translation: "you will speak only what is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/03.md b/pro/05/03.md index eed51c8004..d43118c86b 100644 --- a/pro/05/03.md +++ b/pro/05/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the word "lips" represents the words of the adulteress # her mouth is smoother than oil Possible meanings are 1) the word "mouth" represents the speech of the adulteress and the writer speaks of the persuasiveness of her speech as if her mouth were smoother than olive oil. Alternate translation: "her speech is persuasive and smoother than olive oil" or 2) the writer speaks of the pleasure of kissing the adulteress as if her mouth were smoother than oil. Alternate translation: "her kisses are smoother than olive oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/04.md b/pro/05/04.md index caf97b1be8..9a0d793553 100644 --- a/pro/05/04.md +++ b/pro/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a plant that tastes bitter # cutting like a sharp sword The writer speaks of the pain that the adulteress will cause to the one who has a relationship with her as if she were a sharp weapon that cuts the person. Alternate translation: "she wounds a person, as if she were a sharp sword" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/05.md b/pro/05/05.md index 6ce9de9289..3b50f64a32 100644 --- a/pro/05/05.md +++ b/pro/05/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "her feet" represent the adulteress as she walks. The writer speaks of her # her steps go all the way to Sheol The writer speaks of her conduct as if she were walking along a path. Alternate translation: "she walks all the way to Sheol" or "her conduct takes her all the way to Sheol" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/06.md b/pro/05/06.md index 82d44ee0f9..3b4c92a1fc 100644 --- a/pro/05/06.md +++ b/pro/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of behavior that gives a person long life as if it were a path # Her footsteps wander Possible meanings are 1) "She wanders about as if she were lost" or 2) "She walks along the wrong path." - diff --git a/pro/05/07.md b/pro/05/07.md index 79a62dfc78..619dd5b28d 100644 --- a/pro/05/07.md +++ b/pro/05/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks of stopping an action as if the person physically turned away # the words of my mouth Here the word "mouth" represents the person who is speaking. Alternate translation: "my words" or "what I am saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/08.md b/pro/05/08.md index b3f77a4079..f1308426bf 100644 --- a/pro/05/08.md +++ b/pro/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "path" represents the person's daily conduct and circumstances. Al # do not come near the door of her house Here "the door of her house" represents the house itself. It may be more appropriate to use the word "go" instead of "come" since the latter might imply that the speaker is at the door of her house. Alternate translation: "do not go near the door of her house" or "do not even go near her house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/09.md b/pro/05/09.md index c18dbcce1f..06058ab0f6 100644 --- a/pro/05/09.md +++ b/pro/05/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks of a person dying prematurely, possibly by murder, as if the y # a cruel person This may refer to the husband of the adulteress, who will deal cruelly with the person who sleeps with her. - diff --git a/pro/05/10.md b/pro/05/10.md index 7a3fe57590..ccd4162610 100644 --- a/pro/05/10.md +++ b/pro/05/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "labor" is a metonym for the goods and profit that a person has la # foreigners unknown people from other people groups or nations - diff --git a/pro/05/11.md b/pro/05/11.md index 179efabd9f..0644d55207 100644 --- a/pro/05/11.md +++ b/pro/05/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "flesh" and "body" mean basically the same thing and represent the who # waste away "physically wear down" or "become weak and unhealthy" - diff --git a/pro/05/12.md b/pro/05/12.md index ecf568ff1f..dab4b58465 100644 --- a/pro/05/12.md +++ b/pro/05/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "How" is an exclamation that emphasizes the strength of his hatred. The # my heart despised correction Here the word "heart" represents the person and his emotions. The word "correction" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "I despised people when they corrected me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/13.md b/pro/05/13.md index f42e43d36d..53d13af6c8 100644 --- a/pro/05/13.md +++ b/pro/05/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # incline my ear to my instructors Here the word "ear" represents the person who is listening. The writer speaks of listening attentively to someone as if it were leaning forward so that the ear is closer to the one speaking. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Proverbs 4:20](../04/20.md). Alternate translation: "listen to those who instructed me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/14.md b/pro/05/14.md index 964db1c898..9c1fe86e03 100644 --- a/pro/05/14.md +++ b/pro/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the midst of the assembly, among the gathering of the people These two phrases mean basically the same thing and refer to the person's community that has gathered together either 1) to worship God or 2) to judge him for his offense. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/15.md b/pro/05/15.md index 80b8036aa3..b491bfbf79 100644 --- a/pro/05/15.md +++ b/pro/05/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The writer speaks of a man slee # running water The writer speaks of fresh or flowing water as if the water were running. Alternate translation: "fresh water" or "flowing water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/16.md b/pro/05/16.md index e8ea6ff5a5..e8cb12fe7e 100644 --- a/pro/05/16.md +++ b/pro/05/16.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # General Information: -The writer speaks of adultery using metaphors about wasting the water that was so precious in Israel, where rain was rare. +The writer speaks of adultery using metaphors about wasting the water that was so precious in Israel, where rain was rare. # Should your springs ... your streams of water flow in the public squares? @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Should you disperse y # public squares Open areas in a city or town where two or more streets meet. A common place for people to meet each other and talk. - diff --git a/pro/05/17.md b/pro/05/17.md index 429e56d06d..aa7e198d0a 100644 --- a/pro/05/17.md +++ b/pro/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the "springs" and "streams of water" and what they sta # not for strangers with you "do not share them with strangers" - diff --git a/pro/05/18.md b/pro/05/18.md index 13642bfcb7..8c062cc73c 100644 --- a/pro/05/18.md +++ b/pro/05/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of the son's wife as if she were a fountain. Here the word "bl # the wife of your youth Possible meanings are 1) "the wife whom you married when you were young" or 2) "your young wife." - diff --git a/pro/05/19.md b/pro/05/19.md index 9c1ca5075e..68da8ad5cc 100644 --- a/pro/05/19.md +++ b/pro/05/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Intense excitement and joy from the romantic love of one's wife is spoken of as # by her love Possible meanings are 1) "by your love for her" or 2) "by her love for you." - diff --git a/pro/05/20.md b/pro/05/20.md index 51b07e3d3f..60811d7993 100644 --- a/pro/05/20.md +++ b/pro/05/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ chest, shoulders, and arms # an immoral woman Possible meanings are 1) "a woman who is not your wife" or 2) "a woman who is another man's wife." - diff --git a/pro/05/21.md b/pro/05/21.md index 3ac1e98cc7..625319ccac 100644 --- a/pro/05/21.md +++ b/pro/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God knows everything th # all the paths he takes The writer speaks of a person's actions or lifestyle as if it were a path on which the person walks. Alternate translation: "everywhere he goes" or "everything he does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/22.md b/pro/05/22.md index 2b16e82901..e1e4705c08 100644 --- a/pro/05/22.md +++ b/pro/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of a wicked person being unable to avoid the consequences of h # the cords of his sin will hold him tight The writer speaks of a wicked person being unable to avoid the consequences of his sin as if that sin were a trap made of cords in which the person is caught. Alternate translation: "because of his sin, he will be like an animal caught in a trap" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/05/23.md b/pro/05/23.md index cea63c3f9b..972067cb5c 100644 --- a/pro/05/23.md +++ b/pro/05/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his great foolishness # by his great foolishness "because he is very foolish" - diff --git a/pro/05/intro.md b/pro/05/intro.md index c96c9e0368..b94b27d0a3 100644 --- a/pro/05/intro.md +++ b/pro/05/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,16 @@ # Proverbs 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 5 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. +Chapter 5 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### My Son -#### My Son Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to "my son." This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son. -#### Adulteress +### Adulteress This chapter is unusual because it holds a theme about the adulteress and warns the young man to avoid her. An adulteress is a woman who commits adultery. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]]) @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ This chapter is unusual because it holds a theme about the adulteress and warns * __[Proverbs 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/06/01.md b/pro/06/01.md index bb1e16fef2..99c8d90692 100644 --- a/pro/06/01.md +++ b/pro/06/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) your neighbor may come to you to ask for a loan or 2) y # neighbor This same Hebrew word can also mean "friend." - diff --git a/pro/06/02.md b/pro/06/02.md index 748737505e..8faf6f1814 100644 --- a/pro/06/02.md +++ b/pro/06/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a figure of speech saying that you are going to trap yourself. Alternate # the words of your mouth "what you said" or "what you promised to do" - diff --git a/pro/06/03.md b/pro/06/03.md index a9b52c5504..c7283ffaef 100644 --- a/pro/06/03.md +++ b/pro/06/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a figure of speech using the term "hand" to mean "harm." Alternate trans # neighbor "friend" - diff --git a/pro/06/04.md b/pro/06/04.md index 121d5ca15f..01dc2f5b93 100644 --- a/pro/06/04.md +++ b/pro/06/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your eyes ... your eyelids This is a figure of speech using parts of your face to mean your whole body. Alternate translation: "yourself ... yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/05.md b/pro/06/05.md index 4abf867fda..a20260b3d4 100644 --- a/pro/06/05.md +++ b/pro/06/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The hand of the hunter refers to the hunter's control. Alternate translation: "f # like a bird from the hand of the fowler "and escape like a bird that flies away from a bird-hunter" - diff --git a/pro/06/06.md b/pro/06/06.md index dbca630217..8a902b3496 100644 --- a/pro/06/06.md +++ b/pro/06/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ An ant is a small insect that lives underground or in a self-built hill. They us # consider her ways This is a figure of speech using the "ways" of an ant to refer to the behavior of the ant. Alternate translation: "consider how the ant behaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/07.md b/pro/06/07.md index 0aa36c5276..2803bb3151 100644 --- a/pro/06/07.md +++ b/pro/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # commander, officer, or ruler These three words mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasized that no one has formal authority over an individual ant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/08.md b/pro/06/08.md index 51619041ac..b49922bff7 100644 --- a/pro/06/08.md +++ b/pro/06/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are repeated to show how res # summer Summer is the time of the year when some trees bear their fruit. - diff --git a/pro/06/09.md b/pro/06/09.md index 8b5e3fd212..bca68c9731 100644 --- a/pro/06/09.md +++ b/pro/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How long will you lie down, you lazy person? When will you rise from your sleep? The teacher uses these questions to scold the lazy person for sleeping too much. Alternate translation: "You should not just lie there, you lazy person. You should rise up from your sleep." or "Wake up, you lazy person! Get out of your bed!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/10.md b/pro/06/10.md index fd1f28e0c6..23637aeb26 100644 --- a/pro/06/10.md +++ b/pro/06/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these statements mean the same thing. They can be stated as complete sen # folding of the hands to rest People often fold their hands while reclining in order to rest more comfortably. Alternate translation: "I will just cross my arms comfortably and rest a little" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/11.md b/pro/06/11.md index b6e8c7bff1..cf22d624a7 100644 --- a/pro/06/11.md +++ b/pro/06/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The sudden way a lazy person becomes in need of things is like the sudden way an # an armed soldier "a soldier who is holding a weapon" or "a man with a weapon" - diff --git a/pro/06/12.md b/pro/06/12.md index db0b86c074..2c94b7e7a2 100644 --- a/pro/06/12.md +++ b/pro/06/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two words have the same meaning and emphasize how bad this person is. Alte # lives by the crookedness of his speech Here lies are spoken of as speech that is crooked. Alternate translation: "constantly tells lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/13.md b/pro/06/13.md index 926f90cb6b..f51f93e93e 100644 --- a/pro/06/13.md +++ b/pro/06/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All three of these phrases describe a way in which the evil person communicates # winking his eyes If someone winks, he closes one eye very briefly as a secret signal to another person. This might be a sign of trust, of approval, or of something else. - diff --git a/pro/06/14.md b/pro/06/14.md index a7ed6568bf..c328052622 100644 --- a/pro/06/14.md +++ b/pro/06/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he always stirs up strife "he always causes strife" or "he is constantly looking for arguments and making them worse" - diff --git a/pro/06/15.md b/pro/06/15.md index 7c4affc3b6..d22da2f27d 100644 --- a/pro/06/15.md +++ b/pro/06/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the disaster that will happen to him, but also the disaster that # in an instant; in a moment Both mean the same thing, and one or both of them can be replaced by "suddenly" or "very quickly." - diff --git a/pro/06/16.md b/pro/06/16.md index 95f97501f0..928fd7ec3d 100644 --- a/pro/06/16.md +++ b/pro/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This whole verse is a parallelism that emphasizes that God hates several things # that are an abomination to him "that he strongly hates." See how you translated "abomination" in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md). - diff --git a/pro/06/17.md b/pro/06/17.md index 0c426afae0..5801f06925 100644 --- a/pro/06/17.md +++ b/pro/06/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All of these body parts refer to a whole person. You can translate each of these # shed the blood of "kill" or "murder" - diff --git a/pro/06/18.md b/pro/06/18.md index 2d0d588a26..3507a54770 100644 --- a/pro/06/18.md +++ b/pro/06/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All of these body parts refer to a whole person. You can translate each of these # wicked schemes "evil plans" - diff --git a/pro/06/19.md b/pro/06/19.md index d16dde19bf..c8fd27d4b1 100644 --- a/pro/06/19.md +++ b/pro/06/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Proverbs 6:14](../06/14.md). # one who sows discord This figure of speech is using "sows" to refer to causing or bringing about discord. Alternate translation: "a person who causes discord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/20.md b/pro/06/20.md index 4b930d106c..a299e7b899 100644 --- a/pro/06/20.md +++ b/pro/06/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are very similar in meaning, but the use of both "father" and # do not abandon the teaching of your mother The abstract noun "teaching" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "Do not reject what your mother teaches you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/21.md b/pro/06/21.md index 49bed236df..2bbf2a07f9 100644 --- a/pro/06/21.md +++ b/pro/06/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They describe the commands and # bind them on your heart "love them" or "think about them" - diff --git a/pro/06/22.md b/pro/06/22.md index f1d364ae72..1f51600d3e 100644 --- a/pro/06/22.md +++ b/pro/06/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These three phrases are used together to emphasize that the lessons are valuable # they will guide you ... they will watch over you ... they will teach you The repetition of these phrases is to show that the lessons are valuable for all sorts of things. It also speaks of those lessons as if they were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/23.md b/pro/06/23.md index 9ff9ecd51c..3e7f2bc9ae 100644 --- a/pro/06/23.md +++ b/pro/06/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All three of these mean basically the same thing and are repeated to emphasize t # the way of life "the way that leads to life" or "the way of living that God approves of" - diff --git a/pro/06/24.md b/pro/06/24.md index 9acc55f1dd..fc266e5b87 100644 --- a/pro/06/24.md +++ b/pro/06/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "tongue" here is a metonym for the words the woman uses her tongue to s # immoral sexually immoral - diff --git a/pro/06/25.md b/pro/06/25.md index c19f2cc31e..d19e42f1e4 100644 --- a/pro/06/25.md +++ b/pro/06/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "heart" represents the mind. Alternate translation: "in your thoughts" (See # her eyelashes The "eyelashes" stand for the beautiful things about her body that she uses to catch a man's attention. Alternate translation: "her beautiful eyes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/26.md b/pro/06/26.md index 1b9416f1a8..29d87c1534 100644 --- a/pro/06/26.md +++ b/pro/06/26.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Connecting Statement: -The writer tells why his son should not have sexual relations with the wife of another man. +The writer tells why his son should not have sexual relations with the wife of another man. # General Information: @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a metaphor for a small amount of money or something else unimportant. If # hunts for a precious life The writer speaks of the woman's jealous husband wanting to kill the reader as if it were the woman herself who were trying to kill him. Alternate translation: "is giving her husband the opportunity to kill you" or "is putting you in danger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/27.md b/pro/06/27.md index 9a554431c5..3cad8e521f 100644 --- a/pro/06/27.md +++ b/pro/06/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This action would be very dangerous and would cause harm. The implied answer to # his clothes His clothes stand for him as a whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/28.md b/pro/06/28.md index 7c1c875b29..1af0d8ed58 100644 --- a/pro/06/28.md +++ b/pro/06/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ That is to slowly walk a long distance, without using tricks or magic. # scorching "burning" - diff --git a/pro/06/29.md b/pro/06/29.md index 8c482fae9f..1f6626f877 100644 --- a/pro/06/29.md +++ b/pro/06/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the man who goes to his neighbor's wife This is a polite way of talking about having sexual relations. Alternate translation: "the man who has sexual relations with his neighbor's wife" or "the man who lies with his neighbor's wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/30.md b/pro/06/30.md index f0a08f1f9e..64ba5c32a7 100644 --- a/pro/06/30.md +++ b/pro/06/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # despise a thief "do not regard a thief with contempt" or "do not think a thief is evil" - diff --git a/pro/06/31.md b/pro/06/31.md index d31e6f73e8..55694fcff0 100644 --- a/pro/06/31.md +++ b/pro/06/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if someone catches hi # in his house This figure of speech is saying that everything in his house is all that he owns. Alternate translation: "that he owns" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/32.md b/pro/06/32.md index b491a811b0..96e45fbe4a 100644 --- a/pro/06/32.md +++ b/pro/06/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The one "The person" or "The man" - diff --git a/pro/06/33.md b/pro/06/33.md index ca59b9cedd..f1ebdbcd11 100644 --- a/pro/06/33.md +++ b/pro/06/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This figure of speech is using the term "disgrace" to refer to the feeling of hi # will not be blotted out This figure of speech is using the negative "will not be blotted out" to refer to it always being there. Alternate translation: "will never go away" or "will always be there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/06/34.md b/pro/06/34.md index 367d14d53b..d1dbc0b594 100644 --- a/pro/06/34.md +++ b/pro/06/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "he" is the neighbor whose wife has committed adultery with another man. Alt # on the day of vengeance "when he takes revenge" - diff --git a/pro/06/35.md b/pro/06/35.md index 13e8e48ed9..9c20d9aad6 100644 --- a/pro/06/35.md +++ b/pro/06/35.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you cannot pay him en # off, though "off. This will be true even if" - diff --git a/pro/06/intro.md b/pro/06/intro.md index 9bb269d12e..d17afb76fd 100644 --- a/pro/06/intro.md +++ b/pro/06/intro.md @@ -1,32 +1,32 @@ # Proverbs 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 6 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. +Chapter 6 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### My Son +### My Son -Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to "my son." This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son. +Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to "my son." This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son. -#### Adulteress +### Adulteress The latter part of this chapter comes back to the theme about the adulteress and warns the young man to avoid her. An adulteress is a woman who commits adultery. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]]) -#### Numbers +### Numbers -Occasionally, the author will mention a list of six things, or seven things, that Yahweh hates. These numbers are used to draw attention to the list of things. It is not important whether there are six or seven things in the list. +Occasionally, the author will mention a list of six things, or seven things, that Yahweh hates. These numbers are used to draw attention to the list of things. It is not important whether there are six or seven things in the list. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical questions +### Rhetorical questions The author will use rhetorical questions to draw the reader's attention to important points. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Animals used as types +### Animals used as types The gazelle and the ant have certain characteristics which the author uses to give wisdom. If your language does not recognize these characteristics in those animals, you could add a footnote to explain or possibly substitute another animal from your culture that would help explain the same concept. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) @@ -35,4 +35,3 @@ The gazelle and the ant have certain characteristics which the author uses to gi * __[Proverbs 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/07/01.md b/pro/07/01.md index c9b2cc1d0c..21cddd6b9e 100644 --- a/pro/07/01.md +++ b/pro/07/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here keeping represents obeying. Alternate translation: "obey my words" (See: [[ # store up my commands within yourself Here God's commands are spoken of as if they were objects that someone could put into a storeroom. Alternate translation: "memorize my commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/02.md b/pro/07/02.md index 2d099b192f..039610f9f0 100644 --- a/pro/07/02.md +++ b/pro/07/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here keeping represents obeying. Alternate translation: "obey my instructions" ( # as the apple of your eye The apple of the eye is the pupil inside the eye, which people normally instinctively protect when an object flies at their face. Here "the apple of the eye" represents whatever a person values and protects the most. Alternate translation: "as your most valuable possession" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/03.md b/pro/07/03.md index 334ce3e7c7..6f738e46a5 100644 --- a/pro/07/03.md +++ b/pro/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) that the writer wanted his son to engrave certain comma # write them on the tablet of your heart Here the heart represents a person's mind, and remembering something well is spoken of as if the person were writing it on a stone tablet. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:3](../03/03.md). Alternate translation: "remember my commands well as if you were writing them in stone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/04.md b/pro/07/04.md index a0c1d38fd6..89b7c4dfab 100644 --- a/pro/07/04.md +++ b/pro/07/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the quality of understanding is spoken of as if it were a kinsman or relati # kinsman "relative" or "family member" - diff --git a/pro/07/05.md b/pro/07/05.md index ebad89ee57..4c80397286 100644 --- a/pro/07/05.md +++ b/pro/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who makes her words smooth Words intended to deceive are spoken of as if they were smooth objects. Alternate translation: "who praises you to deceive you" or "who flatters you with her words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/06.md b/pro/07/06.md index 2462a94a97..caf56f7f6e 100644 --- a/pro/07/06.md +++ b/pro/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lattice a covering over a window made of thin strips of wood that cross one another in a slanted pattern that forms square-shaped openings in the pattern - diff --git a/pro/07/07.md b/pro/07/07.md index a26f08f7f8..ae7e3a3d4d 100644 --- a/pro/07/07.md +++ b/pro/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # naive inexperienced or immature - diff --git a/pro/07/08.md b/pro/07/08.md index 307b6ac5b9..d5e1473e62 100644 --- a/pro/07/08.md +++ b/pro/07/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "her" refers to any female stranger, as referred to in [Proverbs 7:5](../07 # corner This refers to where two roads meet. - diff --git a/pro/07/09.md b/pro/07/09.md index 4db479fba6..8732d55deb 100644 --- a/pro/07/09.md +++ b/pro/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twilight the time of day when it is getting darker and about to become night - diff --git a/pro/07/10.md b/pro/07/10.md index e11b0fc0e7..f74044fc30 100644 --- a/pro/07/10.md +++ b/pro/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with a false heart Here "heart" represents intentions or plans. Alternate translation: "she planned to deceive someone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/11.md b/pro/07/11.md index b134cc9a06..5b52d0c60e 100644 --- a/pro/07/11.md +++ b/pro/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # her feet did not stay at home The phrase "her feet" represent the woman. Alternate translation: "she did not stay at home" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/12.md b/pro/07/12.md index 316448d22c..21f2a5805c 100644 --- a/pro/07/12.md +++ b/pro/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she waited in ambush Here the woman is spoken of as if she were preparing to physically trap a person or an animal. Also, the idea of trapping someone here represents persuading someone to commit sin. Alternate translation: "she waited to trap someone" or "she waited to find someone she could persuade to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/13.md b/pro/07/13.md index 184e9f199b..a4593ed8fb 100644 --- a/pro/07/13.md +++ b/pro/07/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the woman who was introduced in [Proverbs 7:10](./10.md) # with a strong face Here "strong" represents "stubborn." A "strong face" means a stubborn expression on a person's face. This implies that the woman is acting in a stubborn way, that she is deliberately doing what she knows is wrong. Alternate translation: "with a shameless expression on her face" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/14.md b/pro/07/14.md index 8d468a4231..494f305077 100644 --- a/pro/07/14.md +++ b/pro/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I fulfilled my vows Here "vows" represents what the person promised to sacrifice to God. Alternate translation: "I made the sacrifices I promised to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/15.md b/pro/07/15.md index 159dfedfa0..d91a1cbbfd 100644 --- a/pro/07/15.md +++ b/pro/07/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seek your face Here "face" represents the person and especially the person's presence. Alternate translation: "look for you" or "find out where you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/16.md b/pro/07/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/07/16.md +++ b/pro/07/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/07/17.md b/pro/07/17.md index e4f25d8fe4..618c564dc4 100644 --- a/pro/07/17.md +++ b/pro/07/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a substance from aloe plants that has a nice smell # cinnamon This is a spice made from the bark of a tree that smells and tastes good. - diff --git a/pro/07/18.md b/pro/07/18.md index 12bea7675a..23913732eb 100644 --- a/pro/07/18.md +++ b/pro/07/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the pleasures of romantic love are spoken of as if they were something good # acts of love caresses and sexual relations - diff --git a/pro/07/19.md b/pro/07/19.md index 21b3f48d24..26750166b9 100644 --- a/pro/07/19.md +++ b/pro/07/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is not at his house "is not at home" - diff --git a/pro/07/20.md b/pro/07/20.md index f25d712fbd..ff4eff81d3 100644 --- a/pro/07/20.md +++ b/pro/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # full moon The moon is said to be full when it is a perfectly round disk, shining at its brightest. - diff --git a/pro/07/21.md b/pro/07/21.md index cb31c2f1c2..a2a7d750d7 100644 --- a/pro/07/21.md +++ b/pro/07/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "lips" represents what a person says. When a person flatters someone else b # she compelled him This hyperbole speaks of the woman flattering the young man so that his desire was so strong he could not resist it as if she were forcing him to sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/22.md b/pro/07/22.md index 66bba18880..b63cf8bbd6 100644 --- a/pro/07/22.md +++ b/pro/07/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to killing an animal in order to eat its meat. # like a fool is punished with shackles The Hebrew for this sentence is not not clear. Many translations say, "like a deer walks into a trap." - diff --git a/pro/07/23.md b/pro/07/23.md index 0e055ce67f..6d99fc71d7 100644 --- a/pro/07/23.md +++ b/pro/07/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this organ represents a very important part of the deer's body. # it would cost him his life This is a way of saying that this person will die as a result. Alternate translation: "it would kill him" or "he would die because of it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/24.md b/pro/07/24.md index 3e4243d856..332af0e3a8 100644 --- a/pro/07/24.md +++ b/pro/07/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now This is to focus the attention of the speaker's sons on the conclusion of this lesson. - diff --git a/pro/07/25.md b/pro/07/25.md index ec47478e0a..4d2bf9b1ff 100644 --- a/pro/07/25.md +++ b/pro/07/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" represents a person, emphasizing his desires. Alternate translation # do not be led astray onto her paths This means the same as the sentence before it. It strengthens the first warning. Alternate translation: "do not leave the right path in order to go on her paths" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/26.md b/pro/07/26.md index bb11007298..39d57cb7a5 100644 --- a/pro/07/26.md +++ b/pro/07/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She has caused many people to fall down pierced Being pierced by spears or arrows represents being killed. Alternate translation: "She has caused many people to fall dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/27.md b/pro/07/27.md index e838469610..ec96d49ce4 100644 --- a/pro/07/27.md +++ b/pro/07/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases basically mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize th # the dark bedrooms of death This expression pictures the dead as sleeping in many different rooms in Sheol. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/07/intro.md b/pro/07/intro.md index b383d4a0c6..4793081f97 100644 --- a/pro/07/intro.md +++ b/pro/07/intro.md @@ -1,27 +1,27 @@ # Proverbs 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 7 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. +Chapter 7 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Parallelism +### Parallelism Proverbs are often written without any surrounding context and in two lines of text. Each line will have a certain relationship to the other line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) -Many of the proverbs are stated as promises or commands, but they are intended to be advice. +Many of the proverbs are stated as promises or commands, but they are intended to be advice. -#### My Son +### My Son -Occasionally the author addresses a proverb to "my son." This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males, but is still given in the context of a father warning his son. +Occasionally the author addresses a proverb to "my son." This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males, but is still given in the context of a father warning his son. -#### Adulteress +### Adulteress This chapter continues the theme about the adulteress and warns the young man to avoid her. + ## Links: * __[Proverbs 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/08/01.md b/pro/08/01.md index 5207c886b6..55861d964f 100644 --- a/pro/08/01.md +++ b/pro/08/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "Understanding" means the same as "Wisdom." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # raise her voice "speak" - diff --git a/pro/08/02.md b/pro/08/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/08/02.md +++ b/pro/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/08/03.md b/pro/08/03.md index a51dc609f1..bb07dcbd1b 100644 --- a/pro/08/03.md +++ b/pro/08/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In ancient times, cities usually had outer walls with gates in them. # she cries out This continues to refer to Wisdom, personified as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/04.md b/pro/08/04.md index 0936b2cbc8..94095a119b 100644 --- a/pro/08/04.md +++ b/pro/08/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "voice" represents the words that are spoken. Alternate translation: "my wo # the sons of mankind This is metonymy representing all human beings. Alternate translation: "all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/05.md b/pro/08/05.md index b2620aa8c0..163c7e4334 100644 --- a/pro/08/05.md +++ b/pro/08/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract word "wisdom' refers to what a wise person believes and to the way # you must get an understanding mind "you must begin to understand things with your mind" - diff --git a/pro/08/06.md b/pro/08/06.md index 7fc382c0f6..01c9a028be 100644 --- a/pro/08/06.md +++ b/pro/08/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "lips" represents a person's mouth, with which he speaks. Alternate transla # upright proper or just - diff --git a/pro/08/07.md b/pro/08/07.md index c5bacc23e1..9373dc259a 100644 --- a/pro/08/07.md +++ b/pro/08/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "lips" represents a person who is speaking. See how you translated "abomina # wickedness Here the abstract noun "wickedness" represents wicked speech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/08.md b/pro/08/08.md index 032317bce8..e6a765995f 100644 --- a/pro/08/08.md +++ b/pro/08/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "mouth" stands for the person who is speaking. Alternate translation: "The t # nothing twisted Twisting a message is a metaphor for changing a true message into a false one. Alternate translation: "nothing false" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/09.md b/pro/08/09.md index 7ffa628ba4..514e44184b 100644 --- a/pro/08/09.md +++ b/pro/08/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This probably means that those who find knowledge will easily understand that th # upright true and honest - diff --git a/pro/08/10.md b/pro/08/10.md index 2d5b1b7d3b..58561a7a4d 100644 --- a/pro/08/10.md +++ b/pro/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # choicest gold "the best gold you could ever find" - diff --git a/pro/08/11.md b/pro/08/11.md index a351ed3a0f..5ac140c159 100644 --- a/pro/08/11.md +++ b/pro/08/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Wisdom, personified as a woman, is not speaking. However, it is possible to # desirable thing treasuries - diff --git a/pro/08/12.md b/pro/08/12.md index 5a594db3c4..8d1c8aaeb1 100644 --- a/pro/08/12.md +++ b/pro/08/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract ideas "knowledge" and "discrete" can be expressed in other ways. Al # discretion being careful about what we say and do; being cautious not to cause hurt or harm to others - diff --git a/pro/08/13.md b/pro/08/13.md index ecf0eed1a3..c5716ce128 100644 --- a/pro/08/13.md +++ b/pro/08/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # perverted turned from what is right - diff --git a/pro/08/14.md b/pro/08/14.md index 36700572ef..d2f31132ea 100644 --- a/pro/08/14.md +++ b/pro/08/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ good, reliable # I am insight Here Wisdom is spoken of as if she were insight. Alternate translation: "I have insight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/15.md b/pro/08/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/08/15.md +++ b/pro/08/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/08/16.md b/pro/08/16.md index 777ac0e404..f073334d50 100644 --- a/pro/08/16.md +++ b/pro/08/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Translators can supply the missing words. Alternate translation: "and by me nobl # nobles noblemen, leading members of important families in the nation - diff --git a/pro/08/17.md b/pro/08/17.md index 8b397ab61a..062f57704e 100644 --- a/pro/08/17.md +++ b/pro/08/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to brotherly love or love for a friend or family member. This is nat # diligently with careful and continued effort - diff --git a/pro/08/18.md b/pro/08/18.md index 0f71529f49..195151fb39 100644 --- a/pro/08/18.md +++ b/pro/08/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This explains what is meant by "riches and honor." This can be made clear with t # righteousness "the ability to live in a right way" - diff --git a/pro/08/19.md b/pro/08/19.md index f03c332ed9..79dffb6391 100644 --- a/pro/08/19.md +++ b/pro/08/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ what wisdom produces or causes # my produce the benefit or gain that wisdom causes - diff --git a/pro/08/20.md b/pro/08/20.md index dec72f2b7b..5ad48bc9c1 100644 --- a/pro/08/20.md +++ b/pro/08/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Living the right way is spoken of as walking on the right road. Alternate transl # in the midst of the paths of justice This tells more of what is meant by "the path of righteousness." Alternate translation: "I do what is perfectly just" or "I only do what is just" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/21.md b/pro/08/21.md index 2216082f41..80fa069a70 100644 --- a/pro/08/21.md +++ b/pro/08/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # treasuries storehouses for valuable things. Wisdom is spoken of as a woman who fills the storehouses of her followers with valuable things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/22.md b/pro/08/22.md index 96dcd93c51..90f8cb229c 100644 --- a/pro/08/22.md +++ b/pro/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the first of his deeds long ago "creating me was one of the first things he did long ago" - diff --git a/pro/08/23.md b/pro/08/23.md index cb30fe1207..589d398558 100644 --- a/pro/08/23.md +++ b/pro/08/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "age" refers to a general, extended period of time. # from the beginnings of the earth The idea of beginnings can be translated in a less abstract way. Alternate translation: "from when God created the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/24.md b/pro/08/24.md index 1c7429e922..0d3434a5f2 100644 --- a/pro/08/24.md +++ b/pro/08/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Wisdom continues to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/25.md b/pro/08/25.md index aea2e5ad05..f0dbcbfc5c 100644 --- a/pro/08/25.md +++ b/pro/08/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Before the mountains were settled "Before the bases of the mountains were put into place." This can also be put into active form. Alternate translation: "Before God made the foundations of the mountains and put them into their proper places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/26.md b/pro/08/26.md index 905c8fd925..f842cf2f7e 100644 --- a/pro/08/26.md +++ b/pro/08/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is wisdom speaking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personifi # was born "I was alive" - diff --git a/pro/08/27.md b/pro/08/27.md index 7d1d3e2ee0..64a9e9cc81 100644 --- a/pro/08/27.md +++ b/pro/08/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to setting a limit to how far someone in a ship at sea can see all a # the deep "the ocean" - diff --git a/pro/08/28.md b/pro/08/28.md index 4120084d06..4d85a11227 100644 --- a/pro/08/28.md +++ b/pro/08/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: "when God fixed the spr # the springs in the deep The ancient Hebrews thought that the ocean got its water from springs at the bottom of the sea. - diff --git a/pro/08/29.md b/pro/08/29.md index 5b33d25adf..a5d76ebbb3 100644 --- a/pro/08/29.md +++ b/pro/08/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The Hebrew word for "earth" also often means "land." # when there was set the limit for the foundations of the dry land This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: "when God set the limit for the foundations of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/30.md b/pro/08/30.md index 992adae187..7b93612377 100644 --- a/pro/08/30.md +++ b/pro/08/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a person who has trained for years to make useful things very well, like # day after day This is a way to express the idea of a habitual action or of a continuous condition. Alternate translation: "continually" or "the whole time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/31.md b/pro/08/31.md index 1968faf6f4..349d4a9d94 100644 --- a/pro/08/31.md +++ b/pro/08/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the sons of mankind This refers to human beings in general. Alternate translation: "the people he brought into existence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/32.md b/pro/08/32.md index 4c105ec8e7..ec7b69ab9c 100644 --- a/pro/08/32.md +++ b/pro/08/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pers # those who keep my ways Here "my ways" represents wisdom's behavior. Alternate translation: "those who do what I teach" or "the people who follow my example" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/33.md b/pro/08/33.md index 62b70a8b29..85900027dd 100644 --- a/pro/08/33.md +++ b/pro/08/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not neglect "do not disregard" Alternate translation: "be sure to pay attention to" or "be sure to follow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/34.md b/pro/08/34.md index 05431512b2..9a51a72d02 100644 --- a/pro/08/34.md +++ b/pro/08/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # watching every day at my doors, waiting beside the posts of my doors These two phrases basically mean the same thing. Wisdom is described as having a home; possible meanings of "watching" are 1) a wise person waits outside wisdom's home in the morning in order to serve her, or 2) a wise person waits outside wisdom's house for her to come and teach him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/35.md b/pro/08/35.md index 0340e11c1d..f87cf4fd4b 100644 --- a/pro/08/35.md +++ b/pro/08/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # finds me This is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/36.md b/pro/08/36.md index 240e80aa90..694df83707 100644 --- a/pro/08/36.md +++ b/pro/08/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The complete thought is, "he who fails to find me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # his own life Here "life" represents the person's self. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/08/intro.md b/pro/08/intro.md index 133a02b5ae..8cb1515691 100644 --- a/pro/08/intro.md +++ b/pro/08/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 8 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. These chapters operate more as a unit than many of the following chapters in this book. +Chapter 8 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine. These chapters operate more as a unit than many of the following chapters in this book. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Wisdom calls out +### Wisdom calls out The addressee of this chapter is broader than "my son," but is personal like the previous chapters' use of "my son." In this case, Wisdom is calling out for all to come and learn of her, in contrast to the adulteress mentioned in chapters 5-7. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ The addressee of this chapter is broader than "my son," but is personal like the * __[Proverbs 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/09/01.md b/pro/09/01.md index e671a18a4a..d9c8c2861d 100644 --- a/pro/09/01.md +++ b/pro/09/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses begin a parable in which wisdom is imagined to be a woman who is gi # Wisdom has built The writer speaks about wisdom as if it were a woman who has built her own house. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/09/02.md b/pro/09/02.md index 3701517bfd..dbf303c1ad 100644 --- a/pro/09/02.md +++ b/pro/09/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In ancient Israel, people often mixed wine with water. Alternate translation: "p # she has set her table "she has prepared her table" - diff --git a/pro/09/03.md b/pro/09/03.md index d2ac00268c..ee2ddf1bcf 100644 --- a/pro/09/03.md +++ b/pro/09/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Young women or girls who are in the service of a respectable, adult woman, such # the highest points of the city The invitation is shouted from the highest points so that it will be best heard by all the people. - diff --git a/pro/09/04.md b/pro/09/04.md index f4a1c79ad7..3f98451db9 100644 --- a/pro/09/04.md +++ b/pro/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases describe the same group of people, those who need more wisdom # turn aside here "leave his path and come into my house" - diff --git a/pro/09/05.md b/pro/09/05.md index b737c83648..0bbb1627d9 100644 --- a/pro/09/05.md +++ b/pro/09/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All of these commands are plural; Wisdom is addressing many people at the same t # the wine I have mixed In ancient Israel, people often mixed wine with water. Alternate translation: "prepared her wine by mixing it with water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/09/06.md b/pro/09/06.md index 54c5f3c5d1..d24905c542 100644 --- a/pro/09/06.md +++ b/pro/09/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here naive actions are spoken of as if they were a place that a person could lea # the path of understanding Here the process of understanding wisdom is spoken of as if it were a path that a person could follow. Alternate translation: "the manner of living that a wise person has" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/09/07.md b/pro/09/07.md index c5efe8ff6d..b1d8ba2a86 100644 --- a/pro/09/07.md +++ b/pro/09/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The writer speaks of "abuse" here as if it were a solid object that one person c # whoever rebukes "whoever corrects" - diff --git a/pro/09/08.md b/pro/09/08.md index 8edb6d3a54..e7cb652a18 100644 --- a/pro/09/08.md +++ b/pro/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not reprove "Do not correct" - diff --git a/pro/09/09.md b/pro/09/09.md index 005e538a77..da2c9d3a0d 100644 --- a/pro/09/09.md +++ b/pro/09/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases basically say the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # Give to a wise person This refers to giving instruction to a wise person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/09/10.md b/pro/09/10.md index 888805a09b..638a7909e3 100644 --- a/pro/09/10.md +++ b/pro/09/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses finish the message of Wisdom. # The fear of Yahweh See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 1:7](../01/07.md). - diff --git a/pro/09/11.md b/pro/09/11.md index ac056a5d26..5629cfa2bb 100644 --- a/pro/09/11.md +++ b/pro/09/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases basically mean the same thing and are used to emphasize the gr # years of life will be added to you Wisdom speaks of years of life as if they were physical objects. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will add years of life to you" or "I will add years to your life" or "I will enable you to live longer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/09/12.md b/pro/09/12.md index ceb2bd2fff..33977de6ac 100644 --- a/pro/09/12.md +++ b/pro/09/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two statements seem to mean that wise people gain advantages for themselve # you will carry it This speaks of the consequence of one's bad behavior as if it were a heavy load that one had to carry on his back. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/09/13.md b/pro/09/13.md index 7873a7c5b0..3a225f057d 100644 --- a/pro/09/13.md +++ b/pro/09/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two expressions basically mean the same thing, which is repeated to show h # she is untaught "she has not learned from experience" or "she is young and naive" - diff --git a/pro/09/14.md b/pro/09/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/09/14.md +++ b/pro/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/09/15.md b/pro/09/15.md index de07a109da..28b4903944 100644 --- a/pro/09/15.md +++ b/pro/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # walking straight on their way This seems to be an idiom for "thinking only of their own affairs" or "minding their own business." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/09/16.md b/pro/09/16.md index 30f3d2379b..e07d5084e7 100644 --- a/pro/09/16.md +++ b/pro/09/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the foolish woman who was introduced in [Proverbs 9:13](./13.md). # those who have no sense "those who do not have wisdom" or "those who are not wise" - diff --git a/pro/09/17.md b/pro/09/17.md index dd5e19c400..e50ecacf65 100644 --- a/pro/09/17.md +++ b/pro/09/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Stolen waters are sweet, and bread of secrecy is delicious The foolish woman speaks of the pleasure of stolen waters and bread of secrecy to tell men that if they sleep with her, they will have pleasure. This can be stated clearly in a simile: "You can enjoy me just as you enjoy water that you have stolen or bread that is secret" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/09/18.md b/pro/09/18.md index ed755cc22e..248fbf6233 100644 --- a/pro/09/18.md +++ b/pro/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the depths of Sheol "Sheol" refers to the world of the dead. - diff --git a/pro/09/intro.md b/pro/09/intro.md index 3eeaf6ab0b..b2640ceb60 100644 --- a/pro/09/intro.md +++ b/pro/09/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # Proverbs 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Chapter 9 concludes a collection of proverbs that operate as a unit about wisdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Wisdom calls out +### Wisdom calls out -The addressee of chapters 8 and 9 is broader than "my son," but is personal like the previous chapters' use of "my son." In this case, Wisdom is calling out for all to come and learn of her. +The addressee of chapters 8 and 9 is broader than "my son," but is personal like the previous chapters' use of "my son." In this case, Wisdom is calling out for all to come and learn of her. ## Links: * __[Proverbs 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/10/01.md b/pro/10/01.md index e957181c7a..180c3aee2d 100644 --- a/pro/10/01.md +++ b/pro/10/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Many verses in Chapter 10 are contrasting parallelisms (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # The proverbs of Solomon After the introduction of Chapters 1-9, Chapter 10 begins the collection of the proverbs; short sayings that teach wisdom. - diff --git a/pro/10/02.md b/pro/10/02.md index 26136a34ad..9a64b4d993 100644 --- a/pro/10/02.md +++ b/pro/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # accumulated acquired over time - diff --git a/pro/10/03.md b/pro/10/03.md index 836b272aaa..636541d4d1 100644 --- a/pro/10/03.md +++ b/pro/10/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh does not let the soul of the righteous person go hungry Here "soul" refers to the person. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh makes sure those who do what is right have food to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/04.md b/pro/10/04.md index 1dd0448c55..e1299944c1 100644 --- a/pro/10/04.md +++ b/pro/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # hand of the diligent "Hand" represents the strength and ability of a person. Alternate translation: "person who works hard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/05.md b/pro/10/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/10/05.md +++ b/pro/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/10/06.md b/pro/10/06.md index 04a07a30d4..3b49a50747 100644 --- a/pro/10/06.md +++ b/pro/10/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "words the wic # covers up hides the truth - diff --git a/pro/10/07.md b/pro/10/07.md index 9e84d337e8..1999aadf5b 100644 --- a/pro/10/07.md +++ b/pro/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # name The word "name" represents a person's reputation. Alternate translation: "memory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/08.md b/pro/10/08.md index 980ce7823d..a633be1b6a 100644 --- a/pro/10/08.md +++ b/pro/10/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # come to ruin "be destroyed" or "be made useless" - diff --git a/pro/10/09.md b/pro/10/09.md index 3b23ef33df..27ad7f89f0 100644 --- a/pro/10/09.md +++ b/pro/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # crooked not straight; deformed; dishonest; deceitful - diff --git a/pro/10/10.md b/pro/10/10.md index e26f0380da..80e75ed15a 100644 --- a/pro/10/10.md +++ b/pro/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will come to ruin will lose all the good things he now has - diff --git a/pro/10/11.md b/pro/10/11.md index caaa49de94..57d3182bbd 100644 --- a/pro/10/11.md +++ b/pro/10/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "mouth" represents what a persons says. Alternate translation: "the speech # the wicked This refers to wicked people in general. Alternate translation: "wicked people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/12.md b/pro/10/12.md index c1db095f52..5e0e632f83 100644 --- a/pro/10/12.md +++ b/pro/10/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "love" represents anyone who loves others. Alternate translation: # covers over all transgressions "Covers over" is a metaphor meaning forgives. Alternate translation: "forgives all wrongs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/13.md b/pro/10/13.md index fdd96d7c07..7814b527df 100644 --- a/pro/10/13.md +++ b/pro/10/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a rod is for the back "Rod" represents strong, physical punishment and "the back" represents the person who receives the punishment. Alternate translation: "a person who has no sense needs forceful punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/14.md b/pro/10/14.md index b72dcba0a4..6176431bf0 100644 --- a/pro/10/14.md +++ b/pro/10/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the mouth of a fool "Mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "the words from a foolish person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/15.md b/pro/10/15.md index 77050bb9f5..614e07ee26 100644 --- a/pro/10/15.md +++ b/pro/10/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents wealth as a safe place. Alternate translation: "his safety" (See # their destruction "what destroys them" - diff --git a/pro/10/16.md b/pro/10/16.md index 12a1c1c34b..3b166e7dbf 100644 --- a/pro/10/16.md +++ b/pro/10/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These terms normally refer to the money a worker earns. Here they represents the # income "what comes in" when a person sells his labor or something he has produced - diff --git a/pro/10/17.md b/pro/10/17.md index 2975f7fb33..d3f2fa7085 100644 --- a/pro/10/17.md +++ b/pro/10/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but the one who rejects correction is led astray This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but the one who does not obey wise instruction will not have a good life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/18.md b/pro/10/18.md index 1c7f48fd13..f2fd7ed905 100644 --- a/pro/10/18.md +++ b/pro/10/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has lying lips "Lips" represent what a person says. Alternate translation: "tells lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/19.md b/pro/10/19.md index f35f998531..5919808713 100644 --- a/pro/10/19.md +++ b/pro/10/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # transgression is not lacking This phrase uses a negative to emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: "there is much sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/20.md b/pro/10/20.md index 4bb30dc91d..659b7aec26 100644 --- a/pro/10/20.md +++ b/pro/10/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # is pure silver "Silver" represents valuable sayings. Alternate translation: "is extremely valuable" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/21.md b/pro/10/21.md index 191d269b74..3cee517d8f 100644 --- a/pro/10/21.md +++ b/pro/10/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # nourish cause them to develop or grow stronger - diff --git a/pro/10/22.md b/pro/10/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/10/22.md +++ b/pro/10/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/10/23.md b/pro/10/23.md index 63e993356d..3264e3722b 100644 --- a/pro/10/23.md +++ b/pro/10/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Wickedness is a game a fool plays A game is an activity people do for pleasure. Alternate translation: "Fools find pleasure in wickedness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/24.md b/pro/10/24.md index e7132d6ede..e05a95d364 100644 --- a/pro/10/24.md +++ b/pro/10/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # overtake overcome someone - diff --git a/pro/10/25.md b/pro/10/25.md index 9bb0e8e4ca..2a75d673d7 100644 --- a/pro/10/25.md +++ b/pro/10/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Just as storm comes and sweeps everything away so wicked people will disappear. # is a foundation that lasts forever "Foundation" represents the base or a beginning of something that people build over. Alternate translation: "is a start for something that lasts forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/26.md b/pro/10/26.md index 9165a0a185..746259e005 100644 --- a/pro/10/26.md +++ b/pro/10/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # vinegar a sour liquid used to flavor or preserve foods, too much of which is painful to drink - diff --git a/pro/10/27.md b/pro/10/27.md index b49d3425d7..f1bd05c4c9 100644 --- a/pro/10/27.md +++ b/pro/10/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the years of the wicked "Years" represent the time a person lives. Alternate translation: "the lifetime of the evil person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/28.md b/pro/10/28.md index f337192ea8..2c55d65bb7 100644 --- a/pro/10/28.md +++ b/pro/10/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hope of wicked people Here "hope" represents what a person hopes for. Alternate translation: "what wicked people hope to obtain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/29.md b/pro/10/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/10/29.md +++ b/pro/10/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/10/30.md b/pro/10/30.md index edc972cd99..13148236ab 100644 --- a/pro/10/30.md +++ b/pro/10/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will never be overthrown This can be stated as active and positive: Alternate translation: "will be secure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/31.md b/pro/10/31.md index 66d9efee74..b1e417e39e 100644 --- a/pro/10/31.md +++ b/pro/10/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the perverse tongue will be cut out "Tongue" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "God will shut the mouths of people who say what is false" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/32.md b/pro/10/32.md index 06618f95cb..244bc533de 100644 --- a/pro/10/32.md +++ b/pro/10/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # mouth of the wicked "Mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "the words of the wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/10/intro.md b/pro/10/intro.md index 11e7eccde1..2abe2ea8b5 100644 --- a/pro/10/intro.md +++ b/pro/10/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 10 starts a new section of the book, which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 10 starts a new section of the book, which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, and wicked/righteous. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrast * __[Proverbs 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/11/01.md b/pro/11/01.md index b9a3a82a4e..f66dc751b5 100644 --- a/pro/11/01.md +++ b/pro/11/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Many verses in Chapter 11 are contrasting parallelisms (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # but he delights in a precise weight "Precise weight" represents accuracy in negotiating. Alternate translation: "but he delights in honest ways" or "but he is happy when people are honest" - diff --git a/pro/11/02.md b/pro/11/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/11/02.md +++ b/pro/11/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/11/03.md b/pro/11/03.md index 6f9f786d56..b30afdbe97 100644 --- a/pro/11/03.md +++ b/pro/11/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to upright persons in general. This nominal adjective can be stated # the treacherous This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "treacherous people" or "those who are treacherous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/04.md b/pro/11/04.md index 9d72a9a91c..0dde40fee7 100644 --- a/pro/11/04.md +++ b/pro/11/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Wealth is worthless on the day of wrath The "day of wrath" represents a specific event, such as the "day of Yahweh" or "judgment day" or "last days." Alternate translation: "A person's wealth will do him no good when God comes to judge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/05.md b/pro/11/05.md index 5bc72ef506..03b739ddbb 100644 --- a/pro/11/05.md +++ b/pro/11/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the wicked This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "those who are wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/06.md b/pro/11/06.md index a8d08265af..14e731a552 100644 --- a/pro/11/06.md +++ b/pro/11/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "th # treacherous ready to betray trust; traitorous; deceptive - diff --git a/pro/11/07.md b/pro/11/07.md index e18a19ff37..1964b0075a 100644 --- a/pro/11/07.md +++ b/pro/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # comes to nothing "disappears" - diff --git a/pro/11/08.md b/pro/11/08.md index 538d036b29..11546b48e2 100644 --- a/pro/11/08.md +++ b/pro/11/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God delivers from tro # it comes "trouble comes" - diff --git a/pro/11/09.md b/pro/11/09.md index 4ab5ef894f..7e96157bab 100644 --- a/pro/11/09.md +++ b/pro/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # With his mouth the godless "Mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "The words of the godless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/10.md b/pro/11/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/11/10.md +++ b/pro/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/11/11.md b/pro/11/11.md index 200bc20c90..6f6d61160d 100644 --- a/pro/11/11.md +++ b/pro/11/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) The upright do good things that cause the people in the # by the mouth of the wicked "Mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "the words of evil people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/12.md b/pro/11/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/11/12.md +++ b/pro/11/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/11/13.md b/pro/11/13.md index 12b7dae72b..f2f44c5fe2 100644 --- a/pro/11/13.md +++ b/pro/11/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "spirit" is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translati # keeps a matter covered "Covered" represents keeping things concealed as much as possible. Alternate translation: "does not tell" or "does not speak about the matter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/14.md b/pro/11/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/11/14.md +++ b/pro/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/11/15.md b/pro/11/15.md index e1fd3e5b80..54bf873468 100644 --- a/pro/11/15.md +++ b/pro/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one who hates giving "one who refuses to give" - diff --git a/pro/11/16.md b/pro/11/16.md index 0ec2b0c76d..0d0c816e43 100644 --- a/pro/11/16.md +++ b/pro/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ people without pity or compassion; cruel people # grasp for wealth "are greedy for wealth" - diff --git a/pro/11/17.md b/pro/11/17.md index 846d0d3e13..5dbdbe412c 100644 --- a/pro/11/17.md +++ b/pro/11/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one who "a person who" - diff --git a/pro/11/18.md b/pro/11/18.md index f72510cbf4..3e52c628c1 100644 --- a/pro/11/18.md +++ b/pro/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "sow" represents spreading out to gain more. Alternate translation: "spreads # reaps the wages of truth To "reap" represents acquiring or gathering in" Alternate translation: "will surely be rewarded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/19.md b/pro/11/19.md index 4fd4265f54..ddecec5a57 100644 --- a/pro/11/19.md +++ b/pro/11/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # pursues evil "chases after evil" or "seeks to do evil" - diff --git a/pro/11/20.md b/pro/11/20.md index 382ffca986..4aadb89dcb 100644 --- a/pro/11/20.md +++ b/pro/11/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # whose hearts are perverse "Heart" represents the feelings, attitudes and motivations of a person. Alternate translation: "who have wicked thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/21.md b/pro/11/21.md index 946f3aee8c..d6fecc56bb 100644 --- a/pro/11/21.md +++ b/pro/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will not go unpunished This phrase uses a negative to emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: "will certainly be punished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/22.md b/pro/11/22.md index 2e13f6b20b..1bfbcd9ef3 100644 --- a/pro/11/22.md +++ b/pro/11/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A beautiful woman without discretion is compared to a useless and unsuitable gol # without discretion "without common sense" or "who is foolish" - diff --git a/pro/11/23.md b/pro/11/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/11/23.md +++ b/pro/11/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/11/24.md b/pro/11/24.md index 2492d23014..f226495f67 100644 --- a/pro/11/24.md +++ b/pro/11/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that the person scatters seeds for crops to grow. # withholds what is just "what he should give" or "wrongly refuses to give." Being unjust is possibly a hyperbole for simply not being generous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/25.md b/pro/11/25.md index 177a532c0f..75c9430012 100644 --- a/pro/11/25.md +++ b/pro/11/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the one who "the generous person who" or "anyone who" - diff --git a/pro/11/26.md b/pro/11/26.md index fd97c2d527..61763080d8 100644 --- a/pro/11/26.md +++ b/pro/11/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This describes the person who hoards his wealth instead of helping those in need # good gifts crown the head of him who sells it "Crown" represents the reward or award for the person who is willing to sell grain. Alternate translation: "good gifts are given as a crown of honor to him who sells it" or "the person who sells it is honored with many blessings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/27.md b/pro/11/27.md index 4b14c67ceb..79e8aba6ef 100644 --- a/pro/11/27.md +++ b/pro/11/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The one who diligently seeks the one who seeks with careful and continued effort - diff --git a/pro/11/28.md b/pro/11/28.md index f07047c1a8..2d05d02b93 100644 --- a/pro/11/28.md +++ b/pro/11/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Here "fall" represents destruction or failure. Alternate trans # righteous people will flourish This means that righteous people will thrive or prosper. - diff --git a/pro/11/29.md b/pro/11/29.md index c29f70e71b..8b271896cb 100644 --- a/pro/11/29.md +++ b/pro/11/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # inherit the wind The "wind" is a metaphor for something that cannot be grasped or has no value. Alternate translation: "inherit nothing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/11/30.md b/pro/11/30.md index c35828a42a..2a5da235aa 100644 --- a/pro/11/30.md +++ b/pro/11/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:18](../03/18.md). # but violence takes away lives "but the one who kills people is violent." Some modern translations read, "and the one who wins souls is wise," that is, a wise person will convince other people to do what is right. - diff --git a/pro/11/31.md b/pro/11/31.md index 10a8e08d54..560a08cbf1 100644 --- a/pro/11/31.md +++ b/pro/11/31.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ This can be translated using an active verb. Alternate translation: "God rewards # righteous person is rewarded on earth -Some translations read, "person who is righteous on earth is rewarded." +Some translations read, "person who is righteous on earth is rewarded." # is rewarded ... on earth @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "on earth" is a metonym for the life that a person lives on earth. Al # how much more "even more so" - diff --git a/pro/11/intro.md b/pro/11/intro.md index 059725ebd2..c1f0b18736 100644 --- a/pro/11/intro.md +++ b/pro/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 11 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with individual proverbs. +Chapter 11 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrast * __[Proverbs 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/12/01.md b/pro/12/01.md index 0188378282..30ffa37067 100644 --- a/pro/12/01.md +++ b/pro/12/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author uses [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] throughout this chapter. # is stupid "is foolish" or "is unwise" - diff --git a/pro/12/02.md b/pro/12/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/12/02.md +++ b/pro/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/12/03.md b/pro/12/03.md index faff21c641..d6969ccb17 100644 --- a/pro/12/03.md +++ b/pro/12/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one can become saf # cannot be uprooted "Uprooted" represents being pulled out of the ground like a plant or a tree. This cannot happen to those who do right. Alternate translation: "are as stable as a tree with deep roots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/04.md b/pro/12/04.md index e0b580a4e4..28c20c457b 100644 --- a/pro/12/04.md +++ b/pro/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A crown represents the greatest honor a person can receive. Alternate translatio # she who brings shame is like a disease that rots his bones A disease that rots the bones represents the spoiling of a person's life. Alternate translation: "a wife's shameful acts destroy her husband's influence and happiness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/05.md b/pro/12/05.md index 1110559f91..73ccbbeb96 100644 --- a/pro/12/05.md +++ b/pro/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the righteous This refers to righteous persons in general. This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/06.md b/pro/12/06.md index 7970facb79..2e3d32d0c8 100644 --- a/pro/12/06.md +++ b/pro/12/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The deceitful things that wicked people say in order to harm other people are sp # the upright This refers to upright persons in general. This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "upright persons" or "righteous persons" or "honest persons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/07.md b/pro/12/07.md index ad641b27f8..d7b3c5ef67 100644 --- a/pro/12/07.md +++ b/pro/12/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will overthrow # house The term "house" is often used figuratively in the Bible to refer to a person's ancestors, descendants or other relatives. Alternate translation: "family" or "descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/08.md b/pro/12/08.md index 43633c228d..8105a5b10f 100644 --- a/pro/12/08.md +++ b/pro/12/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The lips here are either 1) a synecdoche for the man himself. Alternate translat # the perverse heart is despised The word "heart" here is a synecdoche for the whole person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will despise the one who always thinks evil thoughts" or "people will despise the one who takes good things and twists them into bad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/09.md b/pro/12/09.md index 90f31a7d13..b57a7c7acf 100644 --- a/pro/12/09.md +++ b/pro/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the one who honors himself "the one who boasts about himself" - diff --git a/pro/12/10.md b/pro/12/10.md index b520a15c42..306c360c8c 100644 --- a/pro/12/10.md +++ b/pro/12/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is cruel "causes suffering" - diff --git a/pro/12/11.md b/pro/12/11.md index 2891569367..2ce225aa1a 100644 --- a/pro/12/11.md +++ b/pro/12/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # worthless projects "worthless plans" or "worthless tasks" - diff --git a/pro/12/12.md b/pro/12/12.md index 16b4b7b1c7..9728dcfb0f 100644 --- a/pro/12/12.md +++ b/pro/12/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the righteous root endures This metaphor refers to a person who acts righteously whether people are watching him or not. Alternate translation: "the righteous person endures" or "righteous people endure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/13.md b/pro/12/13.md index 735c3bdb8d..3729fed82e 100644 --- a/pro/12/13.md +++ b/pro/12/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # An evil person is trapped by the transgression of his lips "Trapped" represents being caught in a snare or being tricked. The evil words a person says are spoken of as if the person's lips themselves were transgressing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The wicked things an evil person says will trap him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/14.md b/pro/12/14.md index 1867660bbc..62e3184c06 100644 --- a/pro/12/14.md +++ b/pro/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # just as the work of his hands rewards him The phrase, "the work of his hands" represents work done by physical labor. Alternate translation: "just as the good work he does rewards him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/15.md b/pro/12/15.md index 17789d91dc..e3fc17dcb3 100644 --- a/pro/12/15.md +++ b/pro/12/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase represents the idea he has from his own observation, imagination or # advice wise suggestions - diff --git a/pro/12/16.md b/pro/12/16.md index 620838f369..3be122c943 100644 --- a/pro/12/16.md +++ b/pro/12/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is prudent "is wise" or "has good sense." - diff --git a/pro/12/17.md b/pro/12/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/12/17.md +++ b/pro/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/12/18.md b/pro/12/18.md index aac8005de3..1eff73306e 100644 --- a/pro/12/18.md +++ b/pro/12/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase, "thrusts of a sword" represents cruel words that hurt another. Alter # brings healing "comforts and heals" - diff --git a/pro/12/19.md b/pro/12/19.md index c7c82903dd..7330438509 100644 --- a/pro/12/19.md +++ b/pro/12/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a lying tongue is only for a moment "Tongue" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "the one who lies lasts only for a moment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/20.md b/pro/12/20.md index 4d1a50f626..3f1d8265be 100644 --- a/pro/12/20.md +++ b/pro/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # advisors those who give recommendations as a guide to action; counselors - diff --git a/pro/12/21.md b/pro/12/21.md index 7793194165..c30550f08f 100644 --- a/pro/12/21.md +++ b/pro/12/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No ill comes The negative, "No" cancels out the idea of "ill" (bad things that happen). Alternate translation: "Good things come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/22.md b/pro/12/22.md index e8506c5c1b..64ab5b838d 100644 --- a/pro/12/22.md +++ b/pro/12/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Lying lips "Lips" are either a metonym for the words a person says or a synecdoche for the person himself. Alternate translation: "Lies" or "People who tell lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/23.md b/pro/12/23.md index bfe2046c52..3555ffab43 100644 --- a/pro/12/23.md +++ b/pro/12/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # conceals his knowledge "does not tell everything he knows" - diff --git a/pro/12/24.md b/pro/12/24.md index dc7939329a..472d45e5c0 100644 --- a/pro/12/24.md +++ b/pro/12/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will be put to forced labor "Forced labor" describes what a person must do who is not free to do what he wants. Alternate translation: "will become a slave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/25.md b/pro/12/25.md index a7cdc6cb8a..c397d22582 100644 --- a/pro/12/25.md +++ b/pro/12/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ uneasy feeling of fear or dread, worry # but a good word makes him glad The abstract noun "word" can be stated as the verb "speak." Alternate translation: "but when others speak kindly to him, he is cheerful again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/12/26.md b/pro/12/26.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/12/26.md +++ b/pro/12/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/12/27.md b/pro/12/27.md index be5fba7ee5..c3fb599c00 100644 --- a/pro/12/27.md +++ b/pro/12/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # precious wealth "valuable treasure" - diff --git a/pro/12/28.md b/pro/12/28.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/12/28.md +++ b/pro/12/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/12/intro.md b/pro/12/intro.md index 284f40c351..0fc4653b5b 100644 --- a/pro/12/intro.md +++ b/pro/12/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 12 continues the section of the book (Chapter 10-22) which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 12 continues the section of the book (Chapter 10-22) which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility and integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrast * __[Proverbs 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/13/01.md b/pro/13/01.md index d52396c9cd..aefccdaf16 100644 --- a/pro/13/01.md +++ b/pro/13/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hears" represents listening in order to do it. Alternate translation: "A w # will not listen to rebuke Here "listen" represents paying attention in order to do it. Alternate translation: "will not learn from rebuke" or "will not obey, despite rebuke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/02.md b/pro/13/02.md index f3d5271889..4da1910f63 100644 --- a/pro/13/02.md +++ b/pro/13/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the desire or liking for something # the treacherous This nominal adjective can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "the treacherous person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/03.md b/pro/13/03.md index eec3c3a961..ae07375cf4 100644 --- a/pro/13/03.md +++ b/pro/13/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "what he says # opens wide his lips Opening the lips represents speaking, and opening them wide represents speaking too often or too much. Alternate translation: "speaks a lot" or "talks too much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/04.md b/pro/13/04.md index e0ddb2e2c0..9b1547bb4b 100644 --- a/pro/13/04.md +++ b/pro/13/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "appetite" represents desire. Alternate translation: "the diligent person w # the diligent person this refers to any person who works with careful and continued effort - diff --git a/pro/13/05.md b/pro/13/05.md index 1e80332a1f..819907d3db 100644 --- a/pro/13/05.md +++ b/pro/13/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # repugnant causing a strong feeling of disgust - diff --git a/pro/13/06.md b/pro/13/06.md index 322a0b24b6..95e22dabda 100644 --- a/pro/13/06.md +++ b/pro/13/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "path" represents how a person directs his life. Alternate translation: "wh # wickedness ruins those who commit sin Here "wickedness" represents an evil conduct of life. This quality acts like a person who ruins those who commit sin. Alternate translation: "wickedness ruins sinners' lives" or "sinners ruin their lives by committing wickedness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/07.md b/pro/13/07.md index 9149e92714..d96245cd01 100644 --- a/pro/13/07.md +++ b/pro/13/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who enriches himself "who makes himself rich" - diff --git a/pro/13/08.md b/pro/13/08.md index 0c8cd41935..15be63c22e 100644 --- a/pro/13/08.md +++ b/pro/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # does not hear a threat Possible meanings are 1) no one will threaten to steal from him because he has nothing anyone would want to steal or 2) he will not listen when people correct him because he has nothing to lose if they punish him. Alternate translation: "does not listen to rebuke" - diff --git a/pro/13/09.md b/pro/13/09.md index b1827290fc..c02f67ae1b 100644 --- a/pro/13/09.md +++ b/pro/13/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the light represents the righteous person's life or good behavior, and rejo # the lamp of wicked people will be put out Here the lamp represents the life or behavior of wicked people, and "be put out" is an idiom that means that a fire is stopped. The lamp being put out represents either the person dying or the person's life not giving any joy. Alternate translation: "the lives of wicked people are like a lamp whose fire will be stopped" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/10.md b/pro/13/10.md index eb49d76e7c..8d0608a0f7 100644 --- a/pro/13/10.md +++ b/pro/13/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # good advice suggestions that are helpful and profitable - diff --git a/pro/13/11.md b/pro/13/11.md index c3c2182906..bfe488fca9 100644 --- a/pro/13/11.md +++ b/pro/13/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "working with his hand" refers to physical work instead of only menta # make his money grow Money is compared to a tree that grows. Alternate translation: "make his money increase" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/12.md b/pro/13/12.md index 9c1135bfa6..248e79e100 100644 --- a/pro/13/12.md +++ b/pro/13/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Someone receiving what they hoped for and becoming very happy is spoken of as if # tree of life "a tree that gives life" or "a tree whose fruit sustains life." See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:18](../03/18.md). - diff --git a/pro/13/13.md b/pro/13/13.md index a2e4463691..1f84b07eab 100644 --- a/pro/13/13.md +++ b/pro/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he who respects the commandment will be rewarded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will reward the one who respects the command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/14.md b/pro/13/14.md index bbe5ce0448..83ae8d114b 100644 --- a/pro/13/14.md +++ b/pro/13/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A fountain is a good source of water and here represents a source of life. Alter # snares of death Here "snares" represent dangers that will kill. Alternate translation: "traps that lead to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/15.md b/pro/13/15.md index 2f59578627..669618927b 100644 --- a/pro/13/15.md +++ b/pro/13/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here a person's behavior or conduct is spoken of as if it were a way or path tha # the treacherous This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "the treacherous person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/16.md b/pro/13/16.md index de9fe682fb..a2887a07c5 100644 --- a/pro/13/16.md +++ b/pro/13/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a fool parades his folly To "parade" means to display in front of everyone. Alternate translation: "a fool displays his foolishness to everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/17.md b/pro/13/17.md index 4eaa4253c3..ce9cec62c4 100644 --- a/pro/13/17.md +++ b/pro/13/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # brings healing The word "healing" here is probably a metaphor for reconciliation between the one who sends the envoy and the person to whom the envoy is sent..Alternate translation: "brings reconciliation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/18.md b/pro/13/18.md index c2c41e69f0..1c196a3a6f 100644 --- a/pro/13/18.md +++ b/pro/13/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # learns from correction The abstract noun "correction" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "learns when someone corrects him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/19.md b/pro/13/19.md index e6a007997c..338b581690 100644 --- a/pro/13/19.md +++ b/pro/13/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the desire or liking for something # turning away from evil is an abomination to fools "fools strongly hate to turn away from evil." See how you translated "abomination" in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md). - diff --git a/pro/13/20.md b/pro/13/20.md index 59d3edafbc..75e0169ac5 100644 --- a/pro/13/20.md +++ b/pro/13/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will suffer harm "will experience harm" or "will be ruined" - diff --git a/pro/13/21.md b/pro/13/21.md index 8b4040c83f..cbb9c695ec 100644 --- a/pro/13/21.md +++ b/pro/13/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # righteous people are rewarded with good This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God rewards righteous people with good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/22.md b/pro/13/22.md index 7678280f41..920542143a 100644 --- a/pro/13/22.md +++ b/pro/13/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a sinner's wealth is stored up for the righteous person This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one who does right will receive the wealth that a sinner has stored up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/23.md b/pro/13/23.md index 4b08c25f36..7bbfe179b0 100644 --- a/pro/13/23.md +++ b/pro/13/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but it is swept away by injustice "Swept away" represents completely removing something. This can be stated in active from. Alternate translation: "but injustice takes away that food" or "but unjust people take the food away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/24.md b/pro/13/24.md index b8fc64cc2f..09d3b738a1 100644 --- a/pro/13/24.md +++ b/pro/13/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is careful to instruct him "makes sure to instruct him" - diff --git a/pro/13/25.md b/pro/13/25.md index 9400c90360..04377b0646 100644 --- a/pro/13/25.md +++ b/pro/13/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the stomach of the wicked is always hungry Here "stomach" represents the desires of a person. Alternate translation: "the wicked person is always hungry for more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/13/intro.md b/pro/13/intro.md index 2cbe8348d2..bd14b900f3 100644 --- a/pro/13/intro.md +++ b/pro/13/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 13 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 13 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/14/01.md b/pro/14/01.md index 7df361e517..6d62014b79 100644 --- a/pro/14/01.md +++ b/pro/14/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this may refer to her actual house, that is the buildin # with her own hands The woman is represented by her "hands." Alternate translation: "by herself" or "by the way she behaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/02.md b/pro/14/02.md index 1468a66ca6..16224bf14a 100644 --- a/pro/14/02.md +++ b/pro/14/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # in his ways despises him The word "his" refers to the dishonest man and "him" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/pro/14/03.md b/pro/14/03.md index 8dcba37ece..d0c7a61334 100644 --- a/pro/14/03.md +++ b/pro/14/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This word is plural. "wise men" or "wise people" # will preserve them "will keep them from harm" or "will keep them safe" - diff --git a/pro/14/04.md b/pro/14/04.md index 8f8873979a..396b9235df 100644 --- a/pro/14/04.md +++ b/pro/14/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A "trough" is a container in which you put the food for animals. # from the strength of an ox "Strength" represents the strong work an ox can do. Alternate translation: "because of the work an ox does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/05.md b/pro/14/05.md index 0959dac2d2..eb4cddf1fe 100644 --- a/pro/14/05.md +++ b/pro/14/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # breathes out lies This figure of speech uses "breathes" to refer to lying constantly. Alternate translation: "constantly lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 6:19](../06/19.md). - diff --git a/pro/14/06.md b/pro/14/06.md index 8b56ab7cef..a2ecb5c10d 100644 --- a/pro/14/06.md +++ b/pro/14/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the one who is discerning "the one who is wise" or "a person who has understanding" - diff --git a/pro/14/07.md b/pro/14/07.md index e6fbe99f84..a460517b09 100644 --- a/pro/14/07.md +++ b/pro/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on his lips The word "lips" represents what a person says. Alternate translation: "from his speech" or "with his comments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/08.md b/pro/14/08.md index 57bf972cb3..2e28f6dad7 100644 --- a/pro/14/08.md +++ b/pro/14/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "way" represents the conduct of life of a person. Alternate translation # the folly of fools is deception The foolishness of fools is that they think they are wise, when they are not. - diff --git a/pro/14/09.md b/pro/14/09.md index be3775a164..7a37ac86cc 100644 --- a/pro/14/09.md +++ b/pro/14/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but the upright enjoy # the upright This refers to upright persons in general. This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "upright people" or "righteous people" or "honest people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/10.md b/pro/14/10.md index 4134f4dbc4..e26cb792ed 100644 --- a/pro/14/10.md +++ b/pro/14/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # no stranger "those who do not know him" - diff --git a/pro/14/11.md b/pro/14/11.md index 99baac16e3..a5e02927a1 100644 --- a/pro/14/11.md +++ b/pro/14/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "tent" represents everything that happens within it. Alternate translat # flourish The word "flourish" means vigorous blooming of flowers and so represents anything that grows strongly. Alternate translation: "to do well and last long" or "to be healthy" or "to be very successful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/12.md b/pro/14/12.md index c40e4b335b..98c48e4024 100644 --- a/pro/14/12.md +++ b/pro/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There is a way that seems right to a man The word "way" represents the conduct of life a person follows. Alternate translation: "People think that the way they are living is the right way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/13.md b/pro/14/13.md index c99ebc0f95..208d6e5dad 100644 --- a/pro/14/13.md +++ b/pro/14/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "heart" represents a person's feelings, attitudes and motivations. Alte # be in pain "experience pain" or "hurt" - diff --git a/pro/14/14.md b/pro/14/14.md index 2b6dcba1bf..60f44b8cdd 100644 --- a/pro/14/14.md +++ b/pro/14/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "ways" represents a person's conduct of life. Alternate translation: "w # what is his "what belongs to him" or "what he has a right to" - diff --git a/pro/14/15.md b/pro/14/15.md index f2d947fe76..d184adaab9 100644 --- a/pro/14/15.md +++ b/pro/14/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ inexperienced or immature # his steps Here the idea of footsteps represents a person's behavior. Alternate translation: "his actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/16.md b/pro/14/16.md index 42638e627e..c8e81d543c 100644 --- a/pro/14/16.md +++ b/pro/14/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here evil is spoken of as if it were a place. Alternate translation: "avoids doi # confidently dismisses "boldly ignores" - diff --git a/pro/14/17.md b/pro/14/17.md index 8b9dad90e9..73ae7e39d0 100644 --- a/pro/14/17.md +++ b/pro/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is quick to become angry "becomes angry quickly" - diff --git a/pro/14/18.md b/pro/14/18.md index c5e6004f04..d4556d2ffb 100644 --- a/pro/14/18.md +++ b/pro/14/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "foolishness" is an abstract noun that represents foolish thinking and # are crowned with knowledge Here knowledge is spoken of as if it were a beautiful ornament worn on one's head, such as a turban with jewels. Alternate translation: "wear knowledge as a turban" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/19.md b/pro/14/19.md index 6030081fbd..71fdedc1c5 100644 --- a/pro/14/19.md +++ b/pro/14/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to bend over to humbly express respect and submission toward someone. # at the gates of the righteous The word "gates" represents an entrance to meet with another. This means the wicked will have to wait for the righteous person and beg to enter his presence. Alternate translation: "to meet with the righteous person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/20.md b/pro/14/20.md index 8c04b35872..6913e14d2b 100644 --- a/pro/14/20.md +++ b/pro/14/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The poor person is hated even by his own companions This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Everyone hates the poor person even his own neighbors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/21.md b/pro/14/21.md index 648c4e7ae8..5605291fed 100644 --- a/pro/14/21.md +++ b/pro/14/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the poor "poor people" - diff --git a/pro/14/22.md b/pro/14/22.md index bafdc3891f..e4b9216f70 100644 --- a/pro/14/22.md +++ b/pro/14/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The assumed answer to this question is "yes." Alternate translation: "Those who # those who plan to do good will receive steadfast love and faithfulness The abstract nouns "love" and "faithfulness" can be stated with the verb "love" and the adjective "faithful." Alternate translation: "God will show those who plan to do what is good that he loves them without ceasing, and he will be faithful to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/23.md b/pro/14/23.md index 51e39514e9..b375ab4052 100644 --- a/pro/14/23.md +++ b/pro/14/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but when there is only talk "but if you only talk" or "but when all a person does is talking" - diff --git a/pro/14/24.md b/pro/14/24.md index dc3dca2c89..2d8fea38f9 100644 --- a/pro/14/24.md +++ b/pro/14/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "crown" represents the highest achievement possible and visible to all. # the folly of fools See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 14:8](../14/08.md). - diff --git a/pro/14/25.md b/pro/14/25.md index b717e9db49..7a0b00c1dd 100644 --- a/pro/14/25.md +++ b/pro/14/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # breathes out lies This figure of speech uses "breathes" to refer to lying constantly. See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 6:19](../06/19.md). Alternate translation: "constantly lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/26.md b/pro/14/26.md index 6a5e12e30b..2d0b959b40 100644 --- a/pro/14/26.md +++ b/pro/14/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "fear" and "confidence" can be translated as verbs. Alternate # it will be a refuge for his children The confidence that a person who fears Yahweh has is spoken of as if it were a a place to which that person's children can go to be safe. Alternate translation: "his children can know that Yahweh will protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/27.md b/pro/14/27.md index 0957147dfe..1b8fdc0c74 100644 --- a/pro/14/27.md +++ b/pro/14/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A "fountain" is a bountiful source of water and represents here the source of li # from the snares of death A "snare" is a sort of trap used to hunt animals and represents something tricky and dangerous that will kill. Alternate translation: "from the trap that will kill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/28.md b/pro/14/28.md index 9a253d3489..50f2cac624 100644 --- a/pro/14/28.md +++ b/pro/14/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the prince is ruined "the prince has nothing and his kingdom will fall" - diff --git a/pro/14/29.md b/pro/14/29.md index 695cf252f9..bf22383898 100644 --- a/pro/14/29.md +++ b/pro/14/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the quick-tempered a person who is quick to become angry - diff --git a/pro/14/30.md b/pro/14/30.md index dc937bf6ea..18b5b0040d 100644 --- a/pro/14/30.md +++ b/pro/14/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # rots the bones The word "rots" represents the decay of a person and "bones" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "causes a person to be unhealthy in body and spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/31.md b/pro/14/31.md index 4750e6160f..0a19e9c7db 100644 --- a/pro/14/31.md +++ b/pro/14/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # shows favor to "is kind to" or "helps" - diff --git a/pro/14/32.md b/pro/14/32.md index 1639e950ba..f01cce0911 100644 --- a/pro/14/32.md +++ b/pro/14/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is brought down by his evil actions This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "evil actions push over" or "evil actions destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/33.md b/pro/14/33.md index d46d9c21c7..a30bace33c 100644 --- a/pro/14/33.md +++ b/pro/14/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "she makes sure people # she The word "she" refers to wisdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/14/34.md b/pro/14/34.md index 3800d033bc..b84fee67fd 100644 --- a/pro/14/34.md +++ b/pro/14/34.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is a disgrace "brings shame upon to any people" or "should cause any people to be ashamed" - diff --git a/pro/14/35.md b/pro/14/35.md index 155267dc5a..2a6876278a 100644 --- a/pro/14/35.md +++ b/pro/14/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the one who "the servant who" - diff --git a/pro/14/intro.md b/pro/14/intro.md index a865168c7d..ab37703172 100644 --- a/pro/14/intro.md +++ b/pro/14/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 14 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 14 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/15/01.md b/pro/15/01.md index cce87dfcb6..132cb2e82d 100644 --- a/pro/15/01.md +++ b/pro/15/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Causing a person to stop being angry is spoken of as if it were turning that per # but a harsh word stirs up anger Causing a person to become more angry is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening anger. Alternate translation: "but speaking harshly causes that person to become more angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/02.md b/pro/15/02.md index 9f67892f11..5d3c92971a 100644 --- a/pro/15/02.md +++ b/pro/15/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "makes knowledge attractive" or 2) "uses knowledge corr # the mouth of fools pours out folly The writer speaks of fools' mouths as if they were containers and of folly as if it were the liquid that filled them. When fools speak, their mouths pour out the liquid. The word "mouth" represents those who speak. Alternate translation: "fools are always speaking folly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/03.md b/pro/15/03.md index 12c0920030..155de500ad 100644 --- a/pro/15/03.md +++ b/pro/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "eyes" represents Yahweh and emphasizes his ability to see everyth # the evil and the good The words "evil" and "good" refer to people. Alternate translation: "evil people and good people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/04.md b/pro/15/04.md index 89f622b08c..5fee7c74f8 100644 --- a/pro/15/04.md +++ b/pro/15/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "tongue" refers to speech. The writer speaks of the words of a person w # a deceitful tongue crushes the spirit The phrase "a deceitful tongue" refers to speech that is deceitful or hurtful. The writer speaks of a person being hurt or in despair as if that person's spirit were an object that words have crushed. Alternate translation: "deceitful speech causes a person to despair" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/05.md b/pro/15/05.md index 4c450212c4..b1905c87de 100644 --- a/pro/15/05.md +++ b/pro/15/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "correction" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "he wh # is prudent "is wise" - diff --git a/pro/15/06.md b/pro/15/06.md index 0d1cd2a48d..28126bea1e 100644 --- a/pro/15/06.md +++ b/pro/15/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the earnings of the wicked person give The word "earnings" can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "the wealth that a wicked person earns gives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/07.md b/pro/15/07.md index f53f6ba78e..5c076894ff 100644 --- a/pro/15/07.md +++ b/pro/15/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "lips" represents what wise people say. The writer speaks of knowledge # not so the hearts of fools Possible meanings are 1) the word "hearts" is synecdoche for the fools themselves and means that they do not scatter knowledge like wise people do. Alternate translation: "fools do not scatter knowledge about" or 2) fools do not have knowledge in their hearts, with "hearts" being a metonym for the thoughts. Alternate translation: "fools do not understand knowledge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/08.md b/pro/15/08.md index 50c76ad40c..64a7257dc4 100644 --- a/pro/15/08.md +++ b/pro/15/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # is his delight "pleases him" - diff --git a/pro/15/09.md b/pro/15/09.md index 34b1ca45da..e18f1e5787 100644 --- a/pro/15/09.md +++ b/pro/15/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The lifestyles of wicked people are spoken of as if they are paths on which thos # the one who pursues what is right Being diligent to live rightly is spoken of as if it were chasing after right things. Alternate translation: "the person who strives to live rightly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/10.md b/pro/15/10.md index ca9d6991b4..e7113d9503 100644 --- a/pro/15/10.md +++ b/pro/15/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the way" refers to the way of righteousness. A person who stops doing what # he who hates correction The word "correction" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "the person who hates it when others correct him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/11.md b/pro/15/11.md index 3aea6b9586..b213359a41 100644 --- a/pro/15/11.md +++ b/pro/15/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question emphasizes that since Yahweh knows everything about the # the hearts of the sons of mankind Here the word "hearts" represents the thoughts and motivations. The phrase "the sons of mankind" is an idiom for humanity. Alternate translation: "the thoughts of humans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/12.md b/pro/15/12.md index 19611a982f..fe6870902f 100644 --- a/pro/15/12.md +++ b/pro/15/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will not go to the wise It is implied that he will not go to the wise to seek their counsel or advice. Alternate translation: "he will not go to the wise to seek their counsel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/13.md b/pro/15/13.md index b717f658a5..f21c771433 100644 --- a/pro/15/13.md +++ b/pro/15/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" represents the person. Alternate translation: "When a pers # by an injured heart the spirit is broken The writer speaks of a person being discouraged as if that person's spirit were an object that is broken. Possible meanings are 1) The "injured heart" is spoken of as if it were a person who broke the spirit or 2) a person whose heart has been injured will also be discouraged. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "an injured heart makes a person become discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/14.md b/pro/15/14.md index 9fa41e1d74..5946bf4704 100644 --- a/pro/15/14.md +++ b/pro/15/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. Alternate translation: " # the mouth of fools feeds on folly Here the word "mouth" represents the person. The writer speaks of fools desiring foolish things as if they ate foolish things. Alternate translation: "foolish people desire folly as if it were the food that they eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/15.md b/pro/15/15.md index c0c3500600..ec68509e27 100644 --- a/pro/15/15.md +++ b/pro/15/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "heart" represents the person. The writer speaks of a cheerful per # an unending feast "a feast that never ends" - diff --git a/pro/15/16.md b/pro/15/16.md index 818fe6ef07..00fa59812f 100644 --- a/pro/15/16.md +++ b/pro/15/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with tumult "with confusion and disorder" - diff --git a/pro/15/17.md b/pro/15/17.md index 7f5e29eea2..65d1d23a1f 100644 --- a/pro/15/17.md +++ b/pro/15/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to a calf that has been fed a lot of food so that it will become fat # with hatred The word "hatred" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "where people hate one another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/18.md b/pro/15/18.md index bfd0dd9cc7..db556c3d10 100644 --- a/pro/15/18.md +++ b/pro/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stirs up strife Causing people to disagree with each other and to be angry is spoken of as if it were stirring up strife. The abstract noun "strife" can be expressed with the verbs "argue" or "fight." Alternate translation: "causes people to argue" or "makes people want to fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/19.md b/pro/15/19.md index 2cf48e5a62..d8bc3f1f02 100644 --- a/pro/15/19.md +++ b/pro/15/19.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to upright persons in general. This nominal adjective can be stated # built-up highway This is a road that is wide, flat, smooth, and free of obstacles. - diff --git a/pro/15/20.md b/pro/15/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/15/20.md +++ b/pro/15/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/15/21.md b/pro/15/21.md index 33447a7dea..071994eaed 100644 --- a/pro/15/21.md +++ b/pro/15/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who has understanding walks a straight path The writer speaks of a person doing the right thing as if he were walking straight ahead on a path. Alternate translation: "the person who has understanding does what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/22.md b/pro/15/22.md index 3dafbc6b82..b0e48b23ee 100644 --- a/pro/15/22.md +++ b/pro/15/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ people who give recommendations as a guide to action # they succeed "plans succeed" - diff --git a/pro/15/23.md b/pro/15/23.md index 96c3c7cb8a..e448639ed1 100644 --- a/pro/15/23.md +++ b/pro/15/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # how good is a timely word This exclamation emphasizes that a word spoken at the right time is very good. Alternate translation: "a word that a person speaks at the right time is very good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/24.md b/pro/15/24.md index 3551a020a9..01460c8d25 100644 --- a/pro/15/24.md +++ b/pro/15/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The path of life leads upward ... from Sheol beneath The writer speaks of a lifestyle that results in life as if it were a path that goes upward towards life and of a lifestyle that results in death as if it were a path that leads down to the place of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/25.md b/pro/15/25.md index 20d3f095b7..79210751f4 100644 --- a/pro/15/25.md +++ b/pro/15/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # house This is a synecdoche for the person's household, property, and wealth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/26.md b/pro/15/26.md index 5dd8a7e728..ab48a233c7 100644 --- a/pro/15/26.md +++ b/pro/15/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # pleasant words are pure "kind words are pure" - diff --git a/pro/15/27.md b/pro/15/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/15/27.md +++ b/pro/15/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/15/28.md b/pro/15/28.md index 4886e9758b..dca9ba5d5c 100644 --- a/pro/15/28.md +++ b/pro/15/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of wicked people's mouths as if they were containers and speak # the mouth of wicked people pours out all its evil It may be more natural in you language to translate all these words as either singular or plural. Alternate translation: "the mouth of the wicked person pours out all its evil" or "the mouths of wicked people pour out all their evil" - diff --git a/pro/15/29.md b/pro/15/29.md index b17ee378b0..82ad4fb217 100644 --- a/pro/15/29.md +++ b/pro/15/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh is far away from wicked people The writer speaks of Yahweh not listening to wicked people as if he were physically far away from them. Alternate translation: "Yahweh does not listen to wicked people" or "Yahweh does not answer wicked people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/30.md b/pro/15/30.md index cfa1b0fac3..de882e1043 100644 --- a/pro/15/30.md +++ b/pro/15/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "heart" represents the person. Possible meanings are 1) the person who # good news is health to the body Here the word "body" represents the person. Alternate translation: "receiving good news makes a person feel good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/31.md b/pro/15/31.md index 4b84f5d700..5fc80beb34 100644 --- a/pro/15/31.md +++ b/pro/15/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "ear" here is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "The # will dwell among "will always be welcome to be with" - diff --git a/pro/15/32.md b/pro/15/32.md index 6a9b73b712..57cda18aa8 100644 --- a/pro/15/32.md +++ b/pro/15/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # listens to correction The word "correction" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "listens when others correct him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/15/33.md b/pro/15/33.md index d62cb1a9cd..51d42912c8 100644 --- a/pro/15/33.md +++ b/pro/15/33.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 1:7](../01/07.md). # humility comes before honor This means that a person must first learn humility before Yahweh will honor him. - diff --git a/pro/15/intro.md b/pro/15/intro.md index 83ecee0bc9..267ec2502e 100644 --- a/pro/15/intro.md +++ b/pro/15/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 15 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 15 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/16/01.md b/pro/16/01.md index b802e4fe6e..d1d40a29de 100644 --- a/pro/16/01.md +++ b/pro/16/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh speaks his answer to a person's plans, which is # the answer from his tongue The person is represented by his "tongue" to emphasize his speech. Alternate translation: "the answer that he speaks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/02.md b/pro/16/02.md index 6aafbb7baf..9a71e5aa43 100644 --- a/pro/16/02.md +++ b/pro/16/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. The write # Yahweh weighs the spirits Here the word "spirits" represents people's desires and motives. The writer speaks of Yahweh discerning and judging a person's desires and motives as if he were weighing that person's spirit. Alternate translation: "Yahweh judges the person's motives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/03.md b/pro/16/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/16/03.md +++ b/pro/16/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/16/04.md b/pro/16/04.md index 25917d5e3b..15c119eee1 100644 --- a/pro/16/04.md +++ b/pro/16/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # even the wicked for the day of trouble The verbal phrase may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "he has made even the wicked for the day of trouble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/05.md b/pro/16/05.md index a7fa8651b8..ae9730aaa3 100644 --- a/pro/16/05.md +++ b/pro/16/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "exalted" is a metaphor for "arrogant" because the person himself # they will not go unpunished The two negatives in this phrase strongly emphasize the positive. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will certainly punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/06.md b/pro/16/06.md index 1ac600ec2a..03e9e8d1ac 100644 --- a/pro/16/06.md +++ b/pro/16/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "love" and "faithfulness" can be stated with the verb "love" # people turn away from evil The writer speaks of people no longer doing evil things as if they were turning away from evil. Alternate translation: "people stop doing evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/07.md b/pro/16/07.md index 4001efe775..ceda6ede5c 100644 --- a/pro/16/07.md +++ b/pro/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he makes "Yahweh makes" - diff --git a/pro/16/08.md b/pro/16/08.md index 37b3f1027b..885f4c8e76 100644 --- a/pro/16/08.md +++ b/pro/16/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with injustice "with wrongdoing" - diff --git a/pro/16/09.md b/pro/16/09.md index 3e45023fe9..5675b6a5a4 100644 --- a/pro/16/09.md +++ b/pro/16/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. The writer speaks of a p # Yahweh directs his steps The writer speaks of Yahweh determining the outcome of a person's plans as if Yahweh were telling that person where to walk. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/10.md b/pro/16/10.md index 32945684b2..a126244e37 100644 --- a/pro/16/10.md +++ b/pro/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "lips" is a metonym for what the king says. Alternate translation: # his mouth should not betray justice The word "mouth" represents the king himself. Alternate translation: "he should not speak deceitfully when he judges" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/11.md b/pro/16/11.md index 39a3e48b26..b056f71d64 100644 --- a/pro/16/11.md +++ b/pro/16/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh requires justice and fairness when doing business. Dishonest people used # all the weights in the bag are his work Merchants carried their weights in bags. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh has determined how much every weight must weigh or 2) Yahweh is concerned with every weight that a merchant uses. - diff --git a/pro/16/12.md b/pro/16/12.md index 7207421d2d..0fc631c632 100644 --- a/pro/16/12.md +++ b/pro/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) kings hate evil deeds that their subjects commit or 2) # for a throne is established by doing what is right Here the word "throne" represents the king's rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the king establishes his reign by doing what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/13.md b/pro/16/13.md index 8e04327415..bb01650deb 100644 --- a/pro/16/13.md +++ b/pro/16/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Righteous lips Here the word "lips" represents the person who speaks. Alternate translation: "A person who speaks the truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/14.md b/pro/16/14.md index 0dac0e3882..2fa6d1d789 100644 --- a/pro/16/14.md +++ b/pro/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A king's wrath is a messenger of death The writer speaks of an angry king causing someone to die as if the king's wrath were a messenger that he sends out to kill someone. Alternate translation: "An angry king can put people to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/15.md b/pro/16/15.md index 2841bccb43..a97c7b6a5d 100644 --- a/pro/16/15.md +++ b/pro/16/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of an expression of joy on the king's face as if his face emit # his favor is like a cloud that brings a spring rain The writer compares the king showing favor towards someone with a cloud that brings rain to make crops grow. Both promise blessing to those who receive them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/16.md b/pro/16/16.md index 7d9b900495..f16d8a32a7 100644 --- a/pro/16/16.md +++ b/pro/16/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This exclamation emphasizes that having wisdom is much better than having gold. # To get understanding should be chosen more than silver This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "A person should choose to get understanding more than to get silver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/17.md b/pro/16/17.md index 5bd57dbb98..80a05937ff 100644 --- a/pro/16/17.md +++ b/pro/16/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of avoiding or no longer doing evil things as if it were turni # the one who guards his way preserves his life The word "way" here is a metaphor that speaks of a person's actions and words as if they were a road that he walks on. A person who "guards his way" is careful to make sure he does not do what his own evil thoughts or others' evil words or actions tempt him to do. Alternate translation: "the one who does not allow evil people to lead him to sin will live a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/18.md b/pro/16/18.md index 6eec5e2167..1bbf91f045 100644 --- a/pro/16/18.md +++ b/pro/16/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "spirit" represents the person's attitude and temperament. Alterna # a downfall "ruin" or "failure" - diff --git a/pro/16/19.md b/pro/16/19.md index b84ff1677f..dc73e8ee00 100644 --- a/pro/16/19.md +++ b/pro/16/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # plunder goods taken in battle - diff --git a/pro/16/20.md b/pro/16/20.md index d72e625779..ad47e38b77 100644 --- a/pro/16/20.md +++ b/pro/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what they are taught This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what someone has taught them" or "what they have learned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/21.md b/pro/16/21.md index 790b8963eb..aee5d60e9f 100644 --- a/pro/16/21.md +++ b/pro/16/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the heart represents the mind and thoughts. Alternate translation: "The one # sweetness of speech The writer speaks of kind or pleasant speech as if it were something that tastes sweet. Alternate translation: "kind speech" or "pleasant speech" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/22.md b/pro/16/22.md index 0a67c1a742..caea97659e 100644 --- a/pro/16/22.md +++ b/pro/16/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Understanding is a fountain of life The writer speaks of "Understanding" as if it were a fountain that continuously flows with water and which sustains the life of those who drink from it. Alternate translation: "Understanding is like a fountain flowing with life-giving water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/23.md b/pro/16/23.md index 1d300b2a44..5955c4824d 100644 --- a/pro/16/23.md +++ b/pro/16/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "mouth" is a metonym for speech. Alternate translation: "makes his # to his lips Here the word "lips" is a metonym for speech. Alternate translation: "to what he says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/24.md b/pro/16/24.md index bef30058bf..d93d949853 100644 --- a/pro/16/24.md +++ b/pro/16/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings for the word "soul" are 1) it represents a person's inward des # healing to the bones Here the word "bones" represent a person's body. Alternate translation: "healing to the body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/25.md b/pro/16/25.md index c8c5c76b0c..81b0125a63 100644 --- a/pro/16/25.md +++ b/pro/16/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of a person's conduct or behavior as if it were a road on whic # but its end is the way to death The word "its" refers to "way" in the previous line. This "way" is the road that leads to death. - diff --git a/pro/16/26.md b/pro/16/26.md index 862eb1ebde..dafb386f6e 100644 --- a/pro/16/26.md +++ b/pro/16/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of the appetite as if it were a person who works on behalf of # his hunger urges him on The writer speaks of "hunger" as if it were a person who urges the laborer to continue working. Alternate translation: "he keeps on working because he is hungry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/27.md b/pro/16/27.md index 04141bc7a5..439270bfd1 100644 --- a/pro/16/27.md +++ b/pro/16/27.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ trouble # his speech is like a scorching fire The writer compares the way this person's words hurt others with the way that fire burns things. Alternate translation: "he hurts people with his words, like a fire scorches the things it touches" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/28.md b/pro/16/28.md index ff2bb5c910..e8e2c091c7 100644 --- a/pro/16/28.md +++ b/pro/16/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a gossip a person who gossips or spreads rumors - diff --git a/pro/16/29.md b/pro/16/29.md index 6b5a075bf4..4cda00a07b 100644 --- a/pro/16/29.md +++ b/pro/16/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks of a person's actions as if they were a road on which the pers # a path that is not good The writer uses an understatement to emphasize how bad this path is. Alternate translation: "a very bad path" or "a terrible path" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/30.md b/pro/16/30.md index 0bc77cba88..92c8f4a98b 100644 --- a/pro/16/30.md +++ b/pro/16/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these are facial gestures which people might use to signal their plans t # will bring evil to pass "will do evil things" - diff --git a/pro/16/31.md b/pro/16/31.md index 1c6fc1a651..e83d635778 100644 --- a/pro/16/31.md +++ b/pro/16/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of gray hair as if it were a crown. "Gray hair" is a metonym f # it is gained This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a person gains it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/32.md b/pro/16/32.md index 343540f86f..c3db5496d9 100644 --- a/pro/16/32.md +++ b/pro/16/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one who rules his spirit The writer speaks of a person being able to control his own temper and emotions as if he ruled over his spirit like a king rules his people. Alternate translation: "one who controls his temper" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/16/33.md b/pro/16/33.md index 2e0c454297..7a3be2b1fa 100644 --- a/pro/16/33.md +++ b/pro/16/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "A person throws the l # the decision is from Yahweh Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh decides how the lots will land or 2) it is not the lots, but Yahweh who determines what will happen. - diff --git a/pro/16/intro.md b/pro/16/intro.md index db8271f7ad..9a99bb11f4 100644 --- a/pro/16/intro.md +++ b/pro/16/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ # Proverbs 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 16 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 16 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### King and royalty +### King and royalty -Some of these proverbs mention a king. As in other cases, this is intended to apply to all rulers. +Some of these proverbs mention a king. As in other cases, this is intended to apply to all rulers. -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/17/01.md b/pro/17/01.md index be89505bd8..d15a0d44cd 100644 --- a/pro/17/01.md +++ b/pro/17/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "quiet" refers to "peace." Alternate translation: "to have peace" (See: [[r # than a house full of feasting with strife The words "to have" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated. Alternate translation: "than to have a house full of feasting with strife" or "than to be in a house full of feasting where there is strife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/02.md b/pro/17/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/17/02.md +++ b/pro/17/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/17/03.md b/pro/17/03.md index 0d0583645d..5dd88b9a91 100644 --- a/pro/17/03.md +++ b/pro/17/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a pot in which metals are melted at a very high temperature # Yahweh tests hearts This speaks of Yahweh testing people to help them stop being evil and foolish as if their hearts were a metal that Yahweh was refining to remove everything that is impure. Alternate translation: "Yahweh tests people's hearts" or "Yahweh refines people's hearts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/04.md b/pro/17/04.md index c05b0f8d1c..dd1907d1f3 100644 --- a/pro/17/04.md +++ b/pro/17/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means "listens." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # destructive tongue The word "tongue" can be translated as either 1) a synecdoche for the person or 2) a metonym for the words that the tongue produces. Alternate translation: "a destructive person" or "destructive talk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/05.md b/pro/17/05.md index 20cb87e2f6..e18f5b0368 100644 --- a/pro/17/05.md +++ b/pro/17/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the misfortune of others. Alternate translation: "at others' misf # will not go unpunished This litotes emphasizes that the person will surely be punished. Alternate translation: "will certainly be punished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/06.md b/pro/17/06.md index a6700c9246..030a5d7835 100644 --- a/pro/17/06.md +++ b/pro/17/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of older peoples' grandchildren being a sign of honor for them as if # the aged This refers to older people. Alternate translation: "those who are older" or "older people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/07.md b/pro/17/07.md index eefd8b8061..e11bf37f0c 100644 --- a/pro/17/07.md +++ b/pro/17/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # much less are lying lips suitable for a prince This describes people lying as if it were actually their "lips" that were lying. Alternate translation: "even more it is not suitable for a prince to lie" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/08.md b/pro/17/08.md index 5673d71f42..86a96d60f1 100644 --- a/pro/17/08.md +++ b/pro/17/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of a person's bribe working by comparing it to a magical stone or am # wherever he turns Here "turning" refers to the various things the person does. Specifically, this refers to the different things the person does by bribery. Alternate translation: "in whatever he does" or "in everything he tries to do by giving bribes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/09.md b/pro/17/09.md index 9e23449f79..30b272812e 100644 --- a/pro/17/09.md +++ b/pro/17/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to bringing up a past situation in which a friend was hurt or offend # alienates close friends "causes people to stop being close friends" or "causes close friends to stop liking each other" - diff --git a/pro/17/10.md b/pro/17/10.md index 27f46014c8..dd375c51d7 100644 --- a/pro/17/10.md +++ b/pro/17/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This compares how a rebuke effects a man of understanding to how a beating effec # a hundred blows go into a fool "beating a fool a hundred times makes him change his ways" - diff --git a/pro/17/11.md b/pro/17/11.md index 90c3a9f6c9..d803409113 100644 --- a/pro/17/11.md +++ b/pro/17/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a cruel messenger wil # will be sent against him To be "sent against" someone means to be sent to harm them. Alternate translation: "will be sent to harm him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/12.md b/pro/17/12.md index 9d1b17e35e..66f20430d1 100644 --- a/pro/17/12.md +++ b/pro/17/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a bear who has just l # in his foolishness The word "foolishness" can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: "who is acting foolish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/13.md b/pro/17/13.md index 582344701b..a20ad30596 100644 --- a/pro/17/13.md +++ b/pro/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # evil will never leave his house Here "evil" is spoken of as if it were a person who would not leave the man's house. Here the word "house" may be taken literally, but it is also a metonym for his family. Alternate translation: "bad things will continue to happen to him and his family" or "bad things will never stop happening to him and his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/14.md b/pro/17/14.md index 6c302ea074..4dff0fc74d 100644 --- a/pro/17/14.md +++ b/pro/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This compares how easily a conflict spreads to how spilled water flows everywher # has broken out "starts"or "begins" - diff --git a/pro/17/15.md b/pro/17/15.md index 9b1bdf1857..9aa058d307 100644 --- a/pro/17/15.md +++ b/pro/17/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # acquits justifies, declares someone not guilty - diff --git a/pro/17/16.md b/pro/17/16.md index e96ee3f6ec..547c324033 100644 --- a/pro/17/16.md +++ b/pro/17/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question emphasizes that the fool should not do this. This quest # sense Possible meanings are 1) desire to learn wisdom or 2) ability to learn wisdom. - diff --git a/pro/17/17.md b/pro/17/17.md index 77ca154b48..5e8c778a42 100644 --- a/pro/17/17.md +++ b/pro/17/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a brother is born for times of trouble One of the purposes of a brother is to be there to help his brother or sister in times of trouble. Alternate translation: "a brother is there for times of trouble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/18.md b/pro/17/18.md index 0fc20a37e9..4f64836553 100644 --- a/pro/17/18.md +++ b/pro/17/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # binding promises This refers to promises that must be kept and are often a burden on the person who made them. - diff --git a/pro/17/19.md b/pro/17/19.md index a345bac10e..df4303249f 100644 --- a/pro/17/19.md +++ b/pro/17/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this may represent that person making the entrance to t # raises his door Possible meanings are 1) literally making either the door itself or the threshold of the entrance high or 2) metaphorically making either the door itself or the house of which it is a part seem great or 3) the word "door" is a metaphor for the person's mouth, which in turn is a metonym for the words the person speaks with his mouth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/20.md b/pro/17/20.md index f4b499ac52..defb589fbf 100644 --- a/pro/17/20.md +++ b/pro/17/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "tongue" represents a person's speech. Alternate translation: "speaks perver # falls into calamity "falls into trouble" To "fall into" something means to get into that situation. Alternate translation: "will have calamity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/21.md b/pro/17/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/17/21.md +++ b/pro/17/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/17/22.md b/pro/17/22.md index 638f194982..d2b4d54562 100644 --- a/pro/17/22.md +++ b/pro/17/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the "spirit" represents a person's feelings and emotional state. A broken s # dries up the bones A person's bones represent their physical health and strength. If a person's bones dry up it means that they are very sick and unhealthy. Alternate translation: "makes a person unhealthy and weak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/23.md b/pro/17/23.md index 990e9962b5..aa9407be27 100644 --- a/pro/17/23.md +++ b/pro/17/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to pervert the ways of justice "to prevent justice from being rendered" or "to pervert justice" - diff --git a/pro/17/24.md b/pro/17/24.md index 3c16949b7c..076ad45725 100644 --- a/pro/17/24.md +++ b/pro/17/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a fool by his eyes to emphasize what he is focusing on. Alternate # the ends of the earth This speaks of a fool's impossible dreams as if they were the ends of the earth to emphasize that they are unrealistic. Alternate translation: "strive for things that are as far from him as the ends of the earth" or "focus on impossible things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/25.md b/pro/17/25.md index da2627d32e..d051f2fe7e 100644 --- a/pro/17/25.md +++ b/pro/17/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of a son causing his mother bitterness as if the son himself were "b # bitterness emotional pain, sorrow - diff --git a/pro/17/26.md b/pro/17/26.md index 0e3c03526d..8210bb22f5 100644 --- a/pro/17/26.md +++ b/pro/17/26.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This nominal adjective refers to any noble people. Alternate translation: "noble # for their integrity The word "integrity" can be expressed with the adjective "honest." Alternate translation: "because they are honest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/27.md b/pro/17/27.md index fe6a4eeb70..dcb736a9e5 100644 --- a/pro/17/27.md +++ b/pro/17/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the way he speaks. Alternate translation: "speaks with few words" # is cool of spirit Having a cool spirit is a metaphor for being able to control anger. Alternate translation: "is able to control himself" or "is able to stay calm" or "does not become angry easily" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/28.md b/pro/17/28.md index cd72eef0e8..c11d1524fa 100644 --- a/pro/17/28.md +++ b/pro/17/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that he does not speak. Alternate translation: "does not speak" (See: # he is considered to be intelligent This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "people consider him to be intelligent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/17/intro.md b/pro/17/intro.md index 4005bca770..af7fed0e0d 100644 --- a/pro/17/intro.md +++ b/pro/17/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Proverbs 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 17 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 17 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Themes -#### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/18/01.md b/pro/18/01.md index d6d0526697..2a2e8a150d 100644 --- a/pro/18/01.md +++ b/pro/18/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of a person disagreeing with sound judgment as if "sound judgment" w # sound wisdom "good judgment" or "wise choices" - diff --git a/pro/18/02.md b/pro/18/02.md index 47761489cc..654b572c61 100644 --- a/pro/18/02.md +++ b/pro/18/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the fool only finds pleasure in telling other people what he fee # what is in his own heart The contents of a person's heart refers to the person's thoughts and feelings. Alternate translation: "what he thinks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/03.md b/pro/18/03.md index 794727dcfe..83ea4529c2 100644 --- a/pro/18/03.md +++ b/pro/18/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "contempt," "shame," and "disgrace" are spoken of as if they are people who # shame and disgrace These two words have similar meaning and are used together to emphasize the "shame" felt by either the wicked man or other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/04.md b/pro/18/04.md index b4f5f5300d..e615035076 100644 --- a/pro/18/04.md +++ b/pro/18/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the man is referred to by his mouth to emphasize what he says. Alternate tr # the fountain of wisdom is a flowing stream This speaks of the source of wisdom being plentiful as if it were a gushing spring. The gushing of the spring is spoken of as if it were a flowing stream. Alternate translation: "the source of wisdom is as plentiful as the water of a gushing spring" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/05.md b/pro/18/05.md index 521c4ebce6..c63ed712d7 100644 --- a/pro/18/05.md +++ b/pro/18/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is not good to ... to the righteous person These phrases can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: "It is good to treat the wicked person as he deserves, and to be just to the righteous person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/06.md b/pro/18/06.md index 21ad153ec7..97048068d6 100644 --- a/pro/18/06.md +++ b/pro/18/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of the fool saying things that cause people to want to beat him as i # his mouth Here what the fool says is referred to as his "mouth." Alternate translation: "what he says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/07.md b/pro/18/07.md index 605df02dfc..0252c83efe 100644 --- a/pro/18/07.md +++ b/pro/18/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these phrases refer to what a fool says. Alternate translation: "What a # he ensnares himself This speaks of the man causing problems and trouble for himself as if he were trapping himself like a man traps an animal. Alternate translation: "he will cause problems for himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/08.md b/pro/18/08.md index ae6cb62f69..f968100266 100644 --- a/pro/18/08.md +++ b/pro/18/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ small bites of food # they go down into the inner parts of the body This speaks of the words of a gossip going into a person's mind and affecting his thoughts as if they were food that was going into his stomach. Alternate translation: "and they enter a person's mind and affect his thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/09.md b/pro/18/09.md index 969c0222d8..efa074c030 100644 --- a/pro/18/09.md +++ b/pro/18/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the one who is slack being similar to the one who destroys as if # the one who destroys the most "the one who destroys everything" or "the one who is always destructive" - diff --git a/pro/18/10.md b/pro/18/10.md index 07ef7b7133..bd3489b43e 100644 --- a/pro/18/10.md +++ b/pro/18/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to righteous people. Alternate translation: "those who are righteous # runs into it and is safe This speaks of people seeking safety from Yahweh and Yahweh protecting them as if he were a strong tower that they ran into for safety. Alternate translation: "run to him and they are safe" or "seek him and they are safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/11.md b/pro/18/11.md index 8e866def7e..2c652fa097 100644 --- a/pro/18/11.md +++ b/pro/18/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a city with strong defenses like walls and towers # in his imagination it is like a high wall This speaks of the rich person believing his wealth will keep him safe like a high wall keeps those inside a city safe. Alternate translation: "he thinks it protects him as well as a high wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/12.md b/pro/18/12.md index 4fb549307a..d37dd2ab63 100644 --- a/pro/18/12.md +++ b/pro/18/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here a person is referred to by his heart to emphasize his thoughts and feelings # humility comes before honor The word "humility" may be expressed as an adjective and the word "honor" may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "a person must be humble before he can be honored" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/13.md b/pro/18/13.md index a7996e8e29..f205fd6e6d 100644 --- a/pro/18/13.md +++ b/pro/18/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is his folly and shame The abstract nouns "folly" and "shame" may be expressed as adjectives. Alternate translation: "it is foolish of him, and he should be ashamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/14.md b/pro/18/14.md index 82f56583e2..cac3e91a0a 100644 --- a/pro/18/14.md +++ b/pro/18/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a rhetorical question, expecting the answer that few can bear it. This c # a broken spirit This refers to being depressed. Alternate translation: "being depressed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/15.md b/pro/18/15.md index f8305ebde6..07e6d7c836 100644 --- a/pro/18/15.md +++ b/pro/18/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to people who are wise. Alternate translation: "those who are wise" # seeks it out Here the word "it" refers to "knowledge" - diff --git a/pro/18/16.md b/pro/18/16.md index a9720a6265..75c58e40bd 100644 --- a/pro/18/16.md +++ b/pro/18/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here to "open the way" means to create an opportunity. Alternate translation: "m # bring him before This means to be allowed to see someone. Alternate translation: "let him meet" or "let him be introduced to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/17.md b/pro/18/17.md index 1e7990b35f..df2bebc6d7 100644 --- a/pro/18/17.md +++ b/pro/18/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the person who pleads his case before his opponent pleads his cas # examines him asks him questions - diff --git a/pro/18/18.md b/pro/18/18.md index 3424b20a72..c5c96d1f7d 100644 --- a/pro/18/18.md +++ b/pro/18/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # separates strong opponents This refers to people who are fighting harshly over a dispute. When they are separated, they are no longer fighting over their dispute. Alternate translation: "causes opponents to stop fighting over their dispute" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/19.md b/pro/18/19.md index 697fdafa49..130e132f91 100644 --- a/pro/18/19.md +++ b/pro/18/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of the difficulty of resolving quarrels by comparing it to the diffi # castle a fortified palace - diff --git a/pro/18/20.md b/pro/18/20.md index 73c7f94776..574e6b8924 100644 --- a/pro/18/20.md +++ b/pro/18/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of the good things that a person says as if they were fruit that is # he is satisfied "he is pleased" - diff --git a/pro/18/21.md b/pro/18/21.md index d7d63ea750..8757e3fe2f 100644 --- a/pro/18/21.md +++ b/pro/18/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "tongue" refers to speech. Alternate translation: "by what people say . # will eat its fruit This speaks of a person receiving the consequence for what he says as if the consequences were fruit that he receives. Alternate translation: "will receive its consequences" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/18/22.md b/pro/18/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/18/22.md +++ b/pro/18/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/18/23.md b/pro/18/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/18/23.md +++ b/pro/18/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/18/24.md b/pro/18/24.md index 41c9db89bb..6007e7e2d1 100644 --- a/pro/18/24.md +++ b/pro/18/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "many friends—they w # comes closer than "is more faithful than" or "stays more loyal than" - diff --git a/pro/18/intro.md b/pro/18/intro.md index a2e581c49b..7e44a9dc7c 100644 --- a/pro/18/intro.md +++ b/pro/18/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 18 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 18 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/19/01.md b/pro/19/01.md index 23ef347375..aed15e55e8 100644 --- a/pro/19/01.md +++ b/pro/19/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. Here walking refers to living. Alternate translation: "who liv # is perverse in speech The word "speech" may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "speaks perversely" or "speaks in an evil way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/02.md b/pro/19/02.md index bd9dfc0c74..8b99a57359 100644 --- a/pro/19/02.md +++ b/pro/19/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to people trying to do something without the knowledge for how to co # the one who runs too fast misses the path This speaks of a person doing something too quickly and making mistakes as if running too quickly and missing the path. Alternate translation: "the one who acts too quickly makes mistakes" or "the one who acts too quickly makes poor choices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/03.md b/pro/19/03.md index 94a21dcd5d..85fd36fcbb 100644 --- a/pro/19/03.md +++ b/pro/19/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his heart rages Here a person is referred to by his "heart" to emphasize his emotions. Alternate translation: "he rages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/04.md b/pro/19/04.md index 4694bdf34e..08e5909457 100644 --- a/pro/19/04.md +++ b/pro/19/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that a person who is wealthy will have many friends because wealth at # a poor person is separated from his friends A poor person is separated from many of his friends because of his poverty. The meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "poverty causes a person to lose his friends" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/05.md b/pro/19/05.md index b86c609989..524e98f516 100644 --- a/pro/19/05.md +++ b/pro/19/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that he will be captured. Alternate translation: "they will capture t # breathes out lies This is an idiom. Here "breathes" refers to lying constantly. See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 6:19](../06/19.md). Alternate translation: "constantly lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/06.md b/pro/19/06.md index cc5abd2c9f..5a8ba05e40 100644 --- a/pro/19/06.md +++ b/pro/19/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ someone who often gives away things # everyone is a friend The word "everyone" is an exaggeration. Alternate translation: "it seems that everyone is a friend" or "almost everyone is a friend" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/07.md b/pro/19/07.md index 893932312f..bef91c819f 100644 --- a/pro/19/07.md +++ b/pro/19/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Using words to pursue people is a metaphor for calling out to them or pleading w # how much more do his friends who go far away from him! This phrase is an exclamation to show that this is more likely than the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "therefore his friends will certainly hate him and go far away from him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/08.md b/pro/19/08.md index 009ec6ea21..1e6721a5d6 100644 --- a/pro/19/08.md +++ b/pro/19/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the person is referred to by his "life" to emphasize himself being alive. A # keeps understanding "has understanding" - diff --git a/pro/19/09.md b/pro/19/09.md index b979911c92..fe7a87e290 100644 --- a/pro/19/09.md +++ b/pro/19/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be written in positive and active form. See how you translated this phr # breathes out lies This figure of speech uses "breathes" to refer to lying constantly. See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 6:19](../06/19.md). Alternate translation: "constantly lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/10.md b/pro/19/10.md index 69d44dc99d..03ee35f4e6 100644 --- a/pro/19/10.md +++ b/pro/19/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # much less for a slave The words "it is" and "fitting" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated. Alternate translation: "it is much less fitting for a slave" or "it is even worse for a slave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/11.md b/pro/19/11.md index 109298b6ce..9387c6effe 100644 --- a/pro/19/11.md +++ b/pro/19/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to know what should be done in a particular situation. See how you tr # to overlook to forget on purpose - diff --git a/pro/19/12.md b/pro/19/12.md index 2a72dc08b7..269c298a05 100644 --- a/pro/19/12.md +++ b/pro/19/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the lion's roaring refers to attacking. The wrath of a king is compared to # but his favor is like dew on the grass The favor of the king is compared to the refreshing water that appears on grass in the morning. Alternate translation: "but his favor is refreshing like dew on grass" or "but his favor is refreshing like the dew on the ground in the morning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/13.md b/pro/19/13.md index de6272d7c7..7ccf88c386 100644 --- a/pro/19/13.md +++ b/pro/19/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of an annoying wife as if she were the constant dripping of water. A # a quarreling wife "an arguing wife" or "a disagreeing wife" - diff --git a/pro/19/14.md b/pro/19/14.md index c0a04ce747..7d5b22a16b 100644 --- a/pro/19/14.md +++ b/pro/19/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this word in [Proverbs 12:23](../12/23.md). # a prudent wife is from Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gives a prudent wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/15.md b/pro/19/15.md index 7e03555568..9fbcefc96b 100644 --- a/pro/19/15.md +++ b/pro/19/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of how laziness causes a person to sleep a lot as if laziness forcef # go hungry This is an idiom which means to not eat. Alternate translation: "not eat" or "be hungry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/16.md b/pro/19/16.md index 9fa7a584e3..1fb7e2d98c 100644 --- a/pro/19/16.md +++ b/pro/19/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # despises his ways Possible meanings are 1) the phrase "his ways" refers to the ways of Yahweh, the way in which Yahweh commands his people to live. Alternate translation: "despises the ways of Yahweh" Or 2) the phrase "his ways" refers to the ways of "the one." Alternate translation: "does not care how he lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/17.md b/pro/19/17.md index 3546d9f462..46211951f3 100644 --- a/pro/19/17.md +++ b/pro/19/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh considers kindness shown to the poor to be kindness shown to him. One of # the poor This refers to poor people. Alternate translation: "those who are poor" or "poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/18.md b/pro/19/18.md index 1dff7b4399..920e6e958e 100644 --- a/pro/19/18.md +++ b/pro/19/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this phrase describes punishing your child. Alternate t # set your desire on putting him This idiom means to be determined to cause something to happen. Alternate translation: "be determined to put him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/19.md b/pro/19/19.md index 5d41b81134..2869a24af3 100644 --- a/pro/19/19.md +++ b/pro/19/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the person bearing the consequences for what happens when he gets # a second time "another time" or "again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/20.md b/pro/19/20.md index 272fcaffe2..9346da93bd 100644 --- a/pro/19/20.md +++ b/pro/19/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same and are repeated to emphasize how impo # Listen to advice This is an idiom. Here "listening" does not mean to merely listen, but to learn from the advice you are given and to follow it. Alternate translation: "Pay attention to advice" or "Follow advice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/21.md b/pro/19/21.md index 78fba2012d..45b595fb15 100644 --- a/pro/19/21.md +++ b/pro/19/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "heart" is used to refer to the "mind" to emphasize a person's desire. # that will stand This idiom means to "happen." Alternate translation: "that will happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/22.md b/pro/19/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/19/22.md +++ b/pro/19/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/19/23.md b/pro/19/23.md index d79f1084be..693647c0cc 100644 --- a/pro/19/23.md +++ b/pro/19/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "rest" or sleep is a metaphor for living. Alternate translation: "live sati # satisfied and not afflicted by harm This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "satisfied; nothing will harm him" or "satisfied; he will be safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/24.md b/pro/19/24.md index c931a16488..241d339c2b 100644 --- a/pro/19/24.md +++ b/pro/19/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he will not even bring it back up to his mouth He does not bring his hand back to his mouth because he is too lazy. Alternate translation: "but he is too lazy to bring his hand up to his mouth to feed himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/25.md b/pro/19/25.md index 126f092bf2..49b7991510 100644 --- a/pro/19/25.md +++ b/pro/19/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ See how you translated this word in [Proverbs 12:23](../12/23.md). # he will gain knowledge The abstract noun "knowledge" can be stated as "know." Alternate translation: "he will know more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/26.md b/pro/19/26.md index de8342f63f..9096e827fe 100644 --- a/pro/19/26.md +++ b/pro/19/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brings shame and disgrace Possible meanings are 1) he brings it to himself. Alternate translation: "brings shame and disgrace to himself" or 2) he brings it to his family. Alternate translation: "brings shame and disgrace to his family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/27.md b/pro/19/27.md index f2ae4d0c50..91a481204f 100644 --- a/pro/19/27.md +++ b/pro/19/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "listening and obeying" is spoken of as if it were "hearing." Alternate tra # the words of knowledge "knowledge" - diff --git a/pro/19/28.md b/pro/19/28.md index 9c5179f4d4..50e288452c 100644 --- a/pro/19/28.md +++ b/pro/19/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "the mouth of the wicked" represents wicked people. Alternate transla # the wicked This refers to wicked people. Alternate translation: "the wicked person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/19/29.md b/pro/19/29.md index ee57f11d64..5a5997b496 100644 --- a/pro/19/29.md +++ b/pro/19/29.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "is ready" are understood from the previous phrase and may be repeated # flogging beating with a whip or stick - diff --git a/pro/19/intro.md b/pro/19/intro.md index 93e7a5c216..e348662274 100644 --- a/pro/19/intro.md +++ b/pro/19/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 19 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 19 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/20/01.md b/pro/20/01.md index 88aac6bf71..92da16784a 100644 --- a/pro/20/01.md +++ b/pro/20/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "drink" refers to alcoholic drinks # is not wise This means the opposite of "wise" which is "foolish." Alternate translation: "is foolish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/02.md b/pro/20/02.md index 76c8d5a354..3749fb5b8c 100644 --- a/pro/20/02.md +++ b/pro/20/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This compares how people fear a king's wrath to how they fear a young roaring li # forfeits his life This refers to being killed. "Life" here refers to physical life. Alternate translation: "will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/03.md b/pro/20/03.md index 945eebcedd..9da258bc2e 100644 --- a/pro/20/03.md +++ b/pro/20/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # every fool jumps into an argument This speaks of entering an argument quickly as if the argument were something the fool physically jumped into. Alternate translation: "every fool quickly gets into an argument" or "every fool is quick to join an argument" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/04.md b/pro/20/04.md index 7ac7a0efa9..b0aadf2c77 100644 --- a/pro/20/04.md +++ b/pro/20/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ to prepare land for planting # but will have nothing This means that there will be nothing growing in his field for him to harvest. Alternate translation: "but will have nothing to harvest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/05.md b/pro/20/05.md index 38e5549453..4a0d611e6e 100644 --- a/pro/20/05.md +++ b/pro/20/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This speaks of how difficult it is to understand the reasons for a person's acti # will draw it out This speaks of figuring out the purpose of the human heart as if it was water being drawn from a deep well. Alternate translation: "will cause the purpose to be known" or "will figure it out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/06.md b/pro/20/06.md index 376b4451bf..acdeb64eae 100644 --- a/pro/20/06.md +++ b/pro/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but who can find one who is faithful? The implicit answer is "few can find someone like that." This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "but few men can find a person who is faithful!" or "but it is hard to find a person who really is faithful!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/07.md b/pro/20/07.md index 00c14a738b..f84435886e 100644 --- a/pro/20/07.md +++ b/pro/20/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here walking refers to living. See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 1 # his sons who follow after him This simply means that they "follow after him" since they are younger than he and his children. If this phrase is awkward in your language it may be left to be implied. Alternate translation: "his sons after him" or "his sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/08.md b/pro/20/08.md index 49c29f8e3f..f3aac48298 100644 --- a/pro/20/08.md +++ b/pro/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is winnowing with his eyes all the evil that is before him This speaks of the king judging between various types of evil as if he were separating them as a person winnows grain. Alternate translation: "sees and sorts the different kinds of evils that are brought before him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/09.md b/pro/20/09.md index 751c2e315e..0fb8054d25 100644 --- a/pro/20/09.md +++ b/pro/20/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person # I am clean from my sin "I am without sin" or "I have not sinned" - diff --git a/pro/20/10.md b/pro/20/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/20/10.md +++ b/pro/20/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/20/11.md b/pro/20/11.md index 8bd0b53316..f457add069 100644 --- a/pro/20/11.md +++ b/pro/20/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People know a young m # pure and upright These two words basically mean the same thing and emphasize how good this young person is. They can be combined into one word if necessary. Alternate translation: "pure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/12.md b/pro/20/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/20/12.md +++ b/pro/20/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/20/13.md b/pro/20/13.md index f92fe71600..d6efd5115c 100644 --- a/pro/20/13.md +++ b/pro/20/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "come to" here means to transition into a new situation; to become. A # open your eyes Here "opening one's eyes" is spoken of as "being awake." Alternate translation: "stay awake" or "be alert" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/14.md b/pro/20/14.md index ed4303a16a..d586ad7e6b 100644 --- a/pro/20/14.md +++ b/pro/20/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # "Bad! Bad!" says the buyer, but when he goes away he boasts Here a buyer is criticizing what someone is selling to get a low price from him. After he buys he boasts about the good price that he pursuaded the seller to give him. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "'Bad! Bad!' says the buyer criticizing the seller's wares, but after he buys he goes away he boasting about the low price that he paid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/15.md b/pro/20/15.md index b3d0bbaf0d..798a8c5443 100644 --- a/pro/20/15.md +++ b/pro/20/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of the value of lips of knowledge by comparing them to a precious je # lips of knowledge Here "words" are referred to as "lips." Alternate translation: "wise words" or "words of knowledge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/16.md b/pro/20/16.md index ddc195d539..9b3c2d5727 100644 --- a/pro/20/16.md +++ b/pro/20/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. To "hold something in pledge" means to hold on to something th # for an immoral woman One Hebrew tradition and some English translations read, "for foreigners." - diff --git a/pro/20/17.md b/pro/20/17.md index 92af7767c7..8a9602ebe3 100644 --- a/pro/20/17.md +++ b/pro/20/17.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of the food tasting unpleasant as if his mouth were actually full of # gravel small pieces of rock - diff --git a/pro/20/18.md b/pro/20/18.md index 53f0764a92..4e4a30b060 100644 --- a/pro/20/18.md +++ b/pro/20/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Plans are established by advice This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People establish plans based on advice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/19.md b/pro/20/19.md index d353b84a74..fbc7efad12 100644 --- a/pro/20/19.md +++ b/pro/20/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Because the problem is that the person talks too much, not that what he says is # you should not associate with "you should not be friends with" - diff --git a/pro/20/20.md b/pro/20/20.md index 1d66076645..dba618a5ac 100644 --- a/pro/20/20.md +++ b/pro/20/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his lamp will go out" # his lamp This refers to a lamp with a burning flame. Here the lamp's flame is referred to as the lamp itself. Alternate translation: "the flame of his lamp" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/21.md b/pro/20/21.md index d44d2f6ef1..69bdf28002 100644 --- a/pro/20/21.md +++ b/pro/20/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # at the beginning This refers to a person receiving his inheritance before he is supposed to receive it. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "before the right time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/22.md b/pro/20/22.md index 5a68863731..e117e7362a 100644 --- a/pro/20/22.md +++ b/pro/20/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to do wrong to someone because they have done wrong to you. Alternate # Wait for Yahweh This means to have faith that Yahweh will deal with the situation. Alternate translation: "Have faith in Yahweh" or "Hope in Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/23.md b/pro/20/23.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/20/23.md +++ b/pro/20/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/20/24.md b/pro/20/24.md index ec6ecc7b16..4b9e4f9811 100644 --- a/pro/20/24.md +++ b/pro/20/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The implicit answer is that he cannot understand it. This rhetorical question ma # understand his way This is an idiom. The phrase "his way" refers to the person's life. Alternate translation: "understand why some things happen in his life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/25.md b/pro/20/25.md index 5df3eae2a3..32dd2d81c4 100644 --- a/pro/20/25.md +++ b/pro/20/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ to say something quickly and without careful consideration of what it might mean # making his vow The person has made a vow declaring that something is holy and dedicated to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "dedicating it to Yahweh" or "declaring it holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/26.md b/pro/20/26.md index 1f29f03d9b..9138d44976 100644 --- a/pro/20/26.md +++ b/pro/20/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This speaks of the king punishing the wicked as if he were driving a threshing w # threshing wheel "threshing cart." This is a tool used to crush grain and help separate it from the chaff. - diff --git a/pro/20/27.md b/pro/20/27.md index 071c37f70f..6b8a37705f 100644 --- a/pro/20/27.md +++ b/pro/20/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The spirit of a person is the lamp of Yahweh, searching all his inmost parts This speaks of a person's spirit as if it were a lamp. A person's spirit helps him to understand his inner self. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has given us a spirit to understand our deepest selves, just as a lamp makes you see in the dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/28.md b/pro/20/28.md index 402f0fb655..89071c7b41 100644 --- a/pro/20/28.md +++ b/pro/20/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ keep the king safe from harm # he makes his throne strong by love Here "throne" represents the king's power to rule. The abstract noun "love" can be stated as a verb. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he ensures that he will rule for a long time by loving others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/29.md b/pro/20/29.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/20/29.md +++ b/pro/20/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/20/30.md b/pro/20/30.md index 6a7a27f20e..a065b261b1 100644 --- a/pro/20/30.md +++ b/pro/20/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Blows that make a wound cleanse away evil and beatings make the innermost parts clean Both statements mean the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. Using physical punishment to correct a person is spoken of as if the evil were dirt and the beatings cleansed him. Alternate translation: "Beating a person who has done wrong will correct him and cause him to be a better person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/20/intro.md b/pro/20/intro.md index 4f66b3ef56..611e1bb563 100644 --- a/pro/20/intro.md +++ b/pro/20/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 20 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 20 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 20 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/21/01.md b/pro/21/01.md index c4bbcdd2f0..95fd66edc0 100644 --- a/pro/21/01.md +++ b/pro/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of the king's heart as if it were an irrigation ditch in a dry # The king's heart The heart is a metaphor for what a person thinks and what he wants to do. Alternate translation: "The king's thoughts and actions" or "What the king thinks and what he wants to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/02.md b/pro/21/02.md index 19367e3f47..635dc5f59d 100644 --- a/pro/21/02.md +++ b/pro/21/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. The write # who weighs the hearts The writer speaks of Yahweh deciding whether a person desires to do what is right as if Yahweh were looking at a physical object and deciding whether it is of good quality. Alternate translation: "who will judge the motives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/03.md b/pro/21/03.md index 525af6ae2e..d2de14779d 100644 --- a/pro/21/03.md +++ b/pro/21/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # just is more acceptable to Yahweh "just—Yahweh wants this more" - diff --git a/pro/21/04.md b/pro/21/04.md index e319c6d447..8be3658347 100644 --- a/pro/21/04.md +++ b/pro/21/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a synecdoche for a person who thinks he is better than others. (See: [[r # the lamp of the wicked The things that help the wicked are spoken of as a lamp. Alternate translation: "the things that help a wicked person like a lamp helps to see in the dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/05.md b/pro/21/05.md index ba43f4229c..c034ba3ede 100644 --- a/pro/21/05.md +++ b/pro/21/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation # comes only to poverty The abstract noun "poverty" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "only becomes poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/06.md b/pro/21/06.md index c39b9cc601..e039bc5b93 100644 --- a/pro/21/06.md +++ b/pro/21/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A fleeting vapor is a mist that quickly goes away in the morning. If someone tel # and a deadly snare A snare is a kind of trap. If someone tells lies in order to get wealth, he puts himself in terrible danger. Alternate translation: "and is like a snare that kills" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/07.md b/pro/21/07.md index 818d10670a..21a9a9859e 100644 --- a/pro/21/07.md +++ b/pro/21/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "violence" refers to violent deeds or things people do to harm # drag them away This phrase refers to dragging a net through water to catch fish. The wicked being destroyed by their own actions is spoken of as if their actions trapped them in a net like one would catch fish. Alternate translation: "drag them away like fish" or "destroy them as easily as one catches fish in a net" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/08.md b/pro/21/08.md index 3c8cd50090..de3e7a6eae 100644 --- a/pro/21/08.md +++ b/pro/21/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This compares the way one lives to a crooked road one may travel. This is also a # crooked Here "crooked" means bent or not straight. This is a metaphor for morally wrong. Alternate translation: "wrong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/09.md b/pro/21/09.md index 40d793123c..380cb025c4 100644 --- a/pro/21/09.md +++ b/pro/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Houses in those days had flat roofs. Ancient Israelites spent much time on their # quarrelsome wife "wife who often argues and complains" - diff --git a/pro/21/10.md b/pro/21/10.md index 1444994212..4af6b080b4 100644 --- a/pro/21/10.md +++ b/pro/21/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ desires strongly # his neighbor finds no favor in his eyes The idiom to "find favor" means to have someone approve of and act kindly towards the one who finds favor. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents a person's thoughts and attitude towards another person. Alternate translation: "his neighbor does not receive favor from him" or "he does not act kindly towards his neighbor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/11.md b/pro/21/11.md index fbf763a78c..00b6ebfcda 100644 --- a/pro/21/11.md +++ b/pro/21/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - # the naive "those who have no experience" or "those who are not mature" @@ -14,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "when someone inst # lays hold of knowledge Here knowledge is spoken of as if it were an object that someone could grasp and keep for himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/12.md b/pro/21/12.md index 1c43127132..3dcf7fdcf7 100644 --- a/pro/21/12.md +++ b/pro/21/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) any righteous person or 2) "Yahweh the one who is right # he brings wicked people to disaster Here disaster is spoken of as if it were a place that someone could be brought to. Alternate translation: "he destroys them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/13.md b/pro/21/13.md index ffd5e0dcc8..1a8f0a282f 100644 --- a/pro/21/13.md +++ b/pro/21/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "The one who will not listen when poor # he will not be answered The word "answered" is a metonym for a person hearing another person ask for help and acting to help. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will do anything to help him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/14.md b/pro/21/14.md index efd0fb147b..0c0592c8f0 100644 --- a/pro/21/14.md +++ b/pro/21/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # appeases anger "makes an angry person feel better so he is no longer angry" - diff --git a/pro/21/15.md b/pro/21/15.md index 895934dcdd..9ecba24d5d 100644 --- a/pro/21/15.md +++ b/pro/21/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "justice" can be translated as a noun phrase. These words can # workers of iniquity "those who do evil" or "evildoers" - diff --git a/pro/21/16.md b/pro/21/16.md index 0b0cc9e627..a03f538d15 100644 --- a/pro/21/16.md +++ b/pro/21/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "no longer lives wisely" (See: [[rc://e # he will rest in the assembly of the dead "he will remain in the assembly of dead spirits" - diff --git a/pro/21/17.md b/pro/21/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/21/17.md +++ b/pro/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/21/18.md b/pro/21/18.md index 0160efb7d3..63cd6b0028 100644 --- a/pro/21/18.md +++ b/pro/21/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a person who harms those who trust him by lying and otherwise dealing falsely # the upright "the person who lives rightly" or "people who live rightly" - diff --git a/pro/21/19.md b/pro/21/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/21/19.md +++ b/pro/21/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/21/20.md b/pro/21/20.md index 523d87d713..0b8b2b1443 100644 --- a/pro/21/20.md +++ b/pro/21/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation # swallows it all up "uses it all for no good purpose" or "wastes it" - diff --git a/pro/21/21.md b/pro/21/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/21/21.md +++ b/pro/21/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/21/22.md b/pro/21/22.md index fe6bb399d7..603772b283 100644 --- a/pro/21/22.md +++ b/pro/21/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "he destroys" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # the stronghold in which they trusted "the walls and towers around the city that they did not think anyone would be able to get past into the city, so they felt safe" - diff --git a/pro/21/23.md b/pro/21/23.md index 8bc9f5cff3..960aa41f4f 100644 --- a/pro/21/23.md +++ b/pro/21/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Whoever guards his mouth and tongue Both "mouth" and "tongue" refer to what a person says. Alternate translation: "Whoever is careful in what he says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/24.md b/pro/21/24.md index bfa816a71d..2c0228710c 100644 --- a/pro/21/24.md +++ b/pro/21/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how prideful the per # "Mocker" is his name The word "name" is a metonym for what people would call him. Alternate translation: "a mocker is what you should call him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/25.md b/pro/21/25.md index b273298fb9..13d832ccab 100644 --- a/pro/21/25.md +++ b/pro/21/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of what a person wants as if it were a person who could kill a # his hands refuse The hand is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "he refuses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/26.md b/pro/21/26.md index d36fdf86c9..539e8c5410 100644 --- a/pro/21/26.md +++ b/pro/21/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ desires strongly # gives and does not hold back The phrase "does not hold back" can be stated positively, and what he gives can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "gives everything he should" or "gives generously" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/27.md b/pro/21/27.md index fbfa8eeb3c..5decf755f3 100644 --- a/pro/21/27.md +++ b/pro/21/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The nominal adjective "wicked" can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate tra # it is even more detestable "Yahweh detests the sacrifice even more" - diff --git a/pro/21/28.md b/pro/21/28.md index fe3f789d02..1659bdbb6f 100644 --- a/pro/21/28.md +++ b/pro/21/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will speak for all time This is because people will never forget what he said. - diff --git a/pro/21/29.md b/pro/21/29.md index 3e3f5ba02f..14c9cdde83 100644 --- a/pro/21/29.md +++ b/pro/21/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "pretends to be courageous" or 2) "will not listen to c # is certain about his ways A person's actions are spoken of as if they were a path upon which the person walks. Alternate translation: "is certain about what he does" or "is confident about what he does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/30.md b/pro/21/30.md index 92e2672df4..eb0f65f71e 100644 --- a/pro/21/30.md +++ b/pro/21/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "there is" are repeated to emphasize the abstract nouns "wisdom," "und # stand against Yahweh "defeat Yahweh" or "work against what Yahweh wants to do" or "show that he is right and Yahweh is wrong" - diff --git a/pro/21/31.md b/pro/21/31.md index df517d36e3..ceda038f4f 100644 --- a/pro/21/31.md +++ b/pro/21/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Soldiers p # the day of battle The word "day" refers to time that may be longer or shorter than a day. Alternate translation: "when there is a battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/21/intro.md b/pro/21/intro.md index eb2b91ebce..24865e4b92 100644 --- a/pro/21/intro.md +++ b/pro/21/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 21 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 21 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/22/01.md b/pro/22/01.md index d0e101243d..9ba556f05c 100644 --- a/pro/22/01.md +++ b/pro/22/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "A person s # A good name "To have others think that one is a good person" - diff --git a/pro/22/02.md b/pro/22/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/22/02.md +++ b/pro/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/22/03.md b/pro/22/03.md index a213bcdb32..9c6821c8b3 100644 --- a/pro/22/03.md +++ b/pro/22/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This nominal adjective refers to any prudent person. See how you translated "pru # the naive This nominal adjective refers to any naive person. To be naive is to lack experience and to not be mature. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/04.md b/pro/22/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/22/04.md +++ b/pro/22/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/22/05.md b/pro/22/05.md index 4b6dd8e47a..f9a2e6379d 100644 --- a/pro/22/05.md +++ b/pro/22/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation # whoever guards his life A person doing what he needs to do so he can live a long time is spoken of as if that person were keeping thieves away from a physical object. Alternate translation: "people who want to live a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/06.md b/pro/22/06.md index a6ba1ec8f2..4ad4776805 100644 --- a/pro/22/06.md +++ b/pro/22/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the way he should go How a person lives is spoken of as if it were a path on which he walks. Alternate translation: "how he should live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/07.md b/pro/22/07.md index 46d2893b22..684301a4ab 100644 --- a/pro/22/07.md +++ b/pro/22/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # borrows ... lends You may need to make explicit what it is that is borrowed or lent. Alternate translation: "borrows money ... lends money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/08.md b/pro/22/08.md index b2ff170871..6ca7b501d9 100644 --- a/pro/22/08.md +++ b/pro/22/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "rod" is a metonym for power over other people. The unjust man was harm # will fade away The word translated "fade away" is also used of plants drying up. - diff --git a/pro/22/09.md b/pro/22/09.md index 41642f66bd..50df15ef95 100644 --- a/pro/22/09.md +++ b/pro/22/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The eye is a metonym for seeing what other people need, and the "generous eye" n # bread Since bread was the main food for many people in biblical times, it is often used to refer to food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/10.md b/pro/22/10.md index 7da3d891f3..01e9473b0d 100644 --- a/pro/22/10.md +++ b/pro/22/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # disputes and dishonor will cease The abstract nouns "disputes" and "dishonor" can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "people will no longer argue with each other or say things that dishonor each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/11.md b/pro/22/11.md index 9c348a4534..18dc15f47e 100644 --- a/pro/22/11.md +++ b/pro/22/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is his own heart that the person wants to be pure. The heart is a synecdoche # is gracious "is kind" - diff --git a/pro/22/12.md b/pro/22/12.md index 7573510941..ea5202db34 100644 --- a/pro/22/12.md +++ b/pro/22/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Keeping watch is s metonym for protecting. Alternate translation: "protect knowl # the treacherous The nominal adjective treacherous can be translated as a noun phrase. Translate "treacherous" as in [Proverbs 11:3](../11/03.md). Alternate translation: "a treacherous person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/13.md b/pro/22/13.md index 41a31f4aa1..16eb12ad0a 100644 --- a/pro/22/13.md +++ b/pro/22/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The lazy person says The quote that follows is a lie and an excuse for not working. If your language introduces false statements in a special way, you can use that here. - diff --git a/pro/22/14.md b/pro/22/14.md index fa4c8cd810..ea1295005d 100644 --- a/pro/22/14.md +++ b/pro/22/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "stirred up" means that his anger increased. Alternate translation: "Yahweh # falls into it Adultery is spoken of as if it is something that a person can fall into. Alternate translation: "sins because of the adulteress" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/15.md b/pro/22/15.md index fe23029e10..763031ad2c 100644 --- a/pro/22/15.md +++ b/pro/22/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of a parent using any form of discipline as if that parent wer # drives it far away The writer speaks as if foolishness were a person that another person could use a physical rod to drive away. Alternate translation: "will make a child wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/16.md b/pro/22/16.md index 8e7130be76..6a14ec5b35 100644 --- a/pro/22/16.md +++ b/pro/22/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # will come to poverty This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "will become poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/17.md b/pro/22/17.md index dbf56f1a50..5244587b74 100644 --- a/pro/22/17.md +++ b/pro/22/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "do your best to understand and remembe # my knowledge The person speaking is probably the same as the father from [Proverbs 1:8](../01/08.md). He may be speaking of "the words of the wise" as "my knowledge." The abstract noun "knowledge" can be stated as "know." Alternate translation: "the knowledge I have, which I am sharing with you" or "what I know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/18.md b/pro/22/18.md index ec6a716f82..8c053ec7d0 100644 --- a/pro/22/18.md +++ b/pro/22/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all of them are ready on your lips The person being ready to speak is spoken of as if it were the words that were ready. Alternate translation: "you are able to speak of them at any time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/19.md b/pro/22/19.md index eea3a78cb1..69afde6280 100644 --- a/pro/22/19.md +++ b/pro/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # today—even to you "today. Yes, I am teaching you," The speaker is emphasizing that it is the hearer, not someone else whom he is teaching, and he is teaching the hearer because the hearer needs to learn. If it is awkward in your language to emphasize in this way, you can emphasize in another way or the words "even to you" can be left untranslated. - diff --git a/pro/22/20.md b/pro/22/20.md index 90c708766c..b26e4ad7d9 100644 --- a/pro/22/20.md +++ b/pro/22/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue and end the introduction that began in [Proverbs 22:17](./ # thirty sayings Some translations read, "excellent sayings." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/21.md b/pro/22/21.md index ae4654c3fb..f99b8c829d 100644 --- a/pro/22/21.md +++ b/pro/22/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words end the rhetorical question that began with the words "Have I not wr # to those who sent you This implies that the hearer is or will be one whom others send to gain and bring back information. - diff --git a/pro/22/22.md b/pro/22/22.md index 8a800a46bc..874e08c654 100644 --- a/pro/22/22.md +++ b/pro/22/22.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation # at the gate The place where people bought and sold items and settled legal arguments is used as a metonym for business and legal activity. Alternate translation: "in court" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/23.md b/pro/22/23.md index 48e894d6b7..45d638cd94 100644 --- a/pro/22/23.md +++ b/pro/22/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The metaphor is of a lawyer defending the needy in front of a judge. Alternate t # he will rob of life those who robbed them Yahweh is not a thief, but like a thief he will take life from those who do not choose to give it. Alternate translation: "he will destroy those who oppress poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/24.md b/pro/22/24.md index 83bca690f0..261c8584c6 100644 --- a/pro/22/24.md +++ b/pro/22/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ someone who is unable to control his anger (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metap # rages shows violent anger - diff --git a/pro/22/25.md b/pro/22/25.md index 467317edd2..ceb9b905d4 100644 --- a/pro/22/25.md +++ b/pro/22/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will ... entangle yourself in a snare A person who wants to be like an angry person is like an animal taking the bait in a trap. Alternate translation: "you will be like an animal that eats bait that closes a trap and then is unable to escape" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/26.md b/pro/22/26.md index 55ca6908b6..c42b2369de 100644 --- a/pro/22/26.md +++ b/pro/22/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person would strike his hand against another person's hand to bind himself to # in making a pledge "and agree to pay what someone owes to another person" - diff --git a/pro/22/27.md b/pro/22/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/22/27.md +++ b/pro/22/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/22/28.md b/pro/22/28.md index b4acf499b0..3d1909ae15 100644 --- a/pro/22/28.md +++ b/pro/22/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a large stone that shows where one person's land ends and another person's land # fathers ancestors - diff --git a/pro/22/29.md b/pro/22/29.md index 67ae6c52c2..635a2f7ea4 100644 --- a/pro/22/29.md +++ b/pro/22/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is actually a command. Alternate translation: "Think of # stand before This represents becoming a servant of the important person. Kings and other important people will think so highly of him that they will use his services. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/22/intro.md b/pro/22/intro.md index df3219ff8d..ea69f7c553 100644 --- a/pro/22/intro.md +++ b/pro/22/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,25 @@ # Proverbs 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 22 ends the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 22 ends the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. The second half of this chapter and the first half of the next chapter are attributed to the "Wise Men." The exact identity of the men is unknown. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical questions +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions With this new section of proverbs, the author begins to use many rhetorical questions. The obvious answers should convince the reader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) + ## Links: * __[Proverbs 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/23/01.md b/pro/23/01.md index 24b916d9c5..0578dbbc0b 100644 --- a/pro/23/01.md +++ b/pro/23/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). - diff --git a/pro/23/02.md b/pro/23/02.md index c475e36f68..48754c26ba 100644 --- a/pro/23/02.md +++ b/pro/23/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # put a knife to your throat Possible meanings of this exaggeration are 1) "be very careful not to eat too much" or 2) "do not eat anything at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/03.md b/pro/23/03.md index 73a9a53edc..589a264bf3 100644 --- a/pro/23/03.md +++ b/pro/23/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # it is the food of lies This is an idiom. "he is giving it to you so he can deceive you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/04.md b/pro/23/04.md index cf2946cd0a..cb193f4e9e 100644 --- a/pro/23/04.md +++ b/pro/23/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # Do not work too hard "Do not work so much that you are always tired" - diff --git a/pro/23/05.md b/pro/23/05.md index cb43524ea0..1c03cbbd89 100644 --- a/pro/23/05.md +++ b/pro/23/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person losing his wealth is spoken of as if the wealth were a bird. Alternate # wings like an eagle wings like an eagle's wings - diff --git a/pro/23/06.md b/pro/23/06.md index c1b74845d0..685310e8bb 100644 --- a/pro/23/06.md +++ b/pro/23/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # his delicacies "his special and expensive food." See how you translated this in [Proverbs 23:3](../23/03.md). - diff --git a/pro/23/07.md b/pro/23/07.md index a870c17979..e48118aeb8 100644 --- a/pro/23/07.md +++ b/pro/23/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some modern translations read, "eating with him is like getting hair stuck in yo # his heart is not with you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "he really does not want you to enjoy the meal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/08.md b/pro/23/08.md index f6d364f92d..2cd9ab8f2c 100644 --- a/pro/23/08.md +++ b/pro/23/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an exaggeration for wishing one had not eaten anything. Alternate transl # you will have wasted your compliments Compliments are spoken of as if they were valuable objects. The abstract noun "compliments" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "he will not be happy even if you say good things about him and the food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/09.md b/pro/23/09.md index 389d941b17..4e8672f5c8 100644 --- a/pro/23/09.md +++ b/pro/23/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # in the hearing of a fool The abstract noun "hearing" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "where a fool can hear you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/10.md b/pro/23/10.md index 472f91f0ce..cb2e42c9bb 100644 --- a/pro/23/10.md +++ b/pro/23/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to slowly take or begin to use land (or some thing) that belongs to s # orphans children whose parents are dead - diff --git a/pro/23/11.md b/pro/23/11.md index 07d583fc81..7cb1aa3899 100644 --- a/pro/23/11.md +++ b/pro/23/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh # he will plead their case against you The metaphor is of a lawyer defending the needy in front of a judge. Alternate translation: "he will defend the orphans against you" or "he will see that the orphans receive justice and punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/12.md b/pro/23/12.md index d7ea8e0772..d8337e6223 100644 --- a/pro/23/12.md +++ b/pro/23/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: "apply your ears" or "list # to words of knowledge "to me when I tell you what I know" - diff --git a/pro/23/13.md b/pro/23/13.md index eda1bf0f49..556b53fcc2 100644 --- a/pro/23/13.md +++ b/pro/23/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ refuse to give something that one knows another person needs # beat him with the rod These words are either 1) a metaphor for training and disciplining him even when he considers the training and discipline painful or 2) to be taken literally. Alternate translation: "discipline him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/14.md b/pro/23/14.md index a93c7ad547..509538f6ec 100644 --- a/pro/23/14.md +++ b/pro/23/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ piece of wood # save his soul from Sheol If the hearer beats his children with the rod, they will not die young because they have done foolish or evil things. The word "soul" is a metonym for the person. Sheol is the world of the dead; going to the world of the dead is a euphemism for dying. Alternate translation: "you will keep him from the world of the dead" or "you will keep him from dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/15.md b/pro/23/15.md index 24b916d9c5..0578dbbc0b 100644 --- a/pro/23/15.md +++ b/pro/23/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). - diff --git a/pro/23/16.md b/pro/23/16.md index 8943d6d657..7b186da657 100644 --- a/pro/23/16.md +++ b/pro/23/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "kidneys" are a metonym for the person's inner being. Alternate translation: # when your lips speak "Your lips" means the whole person. Alternate translation: "when you speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/17.md b/pro/23/17.md index 9a401a13f9..a5536f4714 100644 --- a/pro/23/17.md +++ b/pro/23/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # Do not let your heart envy sinners The word "heart" is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "Do not allow yourself to envy sinners" or "Make sure you do not envy sinners" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/18.md b/pro/23/18.md index 998dbb7607..7d89e4a5b7 100644 --- a/pro/23/18.md +++ b/pro/23/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your hope will not be cut off This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not allow anyone to cut off your hope" or "God will keep the promises he made to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/19.md b/pro/23/19.md index ca4f396899..04755b374c 100644 --- a/pro/23/19.md +++ b/pro/23/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # direct your heart in the way Deciding to do what is right is spoken of as if one person were showing another person the correct path to follow. Alternate translation: "make sure you do what is wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/20.md b/pro/23/20.md index 8f2076db1c..dba1b0e11b 100644 --- a/pro/23/20.md +++ b/pro/23/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gluttonous eaters of meat Possible meanings are 1) "people who eat more meat than they need to" or 2) "meat" represents food in general. Alternate translation: "people who eat more food than they need to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/21.md b/pro/23/21.md index 67e5e3f2d9..ad9a671678 100644 --- a/pro/23/21.md +++ b/pro/23/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # slumber will clothe them with rags The word "slumber" is an exaggeration for a person spending so much time enjoying food and drink that he does not do necessary work. This activity is spoken of as if it were a parent putting clothes on a child. Alternate translation: "because they spend so much time eating and drinking, they will do no work and so will become poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/22.md b/pro/23/22.md index 8c22f3cec9..b77b965ad3 100644 --- a/pro/23/22.md +++ b/pro/23/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # do not despise This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "show respect for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/23.md b/pro/23/23.md index a617af213e..5fd52fb02a 100644 --- a/pro/23/23.md +++ b/pro/23/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Buy the truth, but do not sell it; buy wisdom, instruction, and understanding Another possible meaning is "Buy the truth, and do not sell wisdom, instruction, or understanding." The words "truth," "wisdom," "instruction," and "understanding" are abstract nouns that are spoken of as if they were physical items that a person can buy and sell in a market. They can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "Do what you need to do so you can know what is true, so you can be wise, so you can learn how to act, and so you can tell good from bad; never think of anything else as more important than these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/24.md b/pro/23/24.md index 02b43a6f95..deae75a8c2 100644 --- a/pro/23/24.md +++ b/pro/23/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Another possible meaning is that the words "he that begets a wise child" explain # will be glad in him "will be glad because of him" - diff --git a/pro/23/25.md b/pro/23/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/23/25.md +++ b/pro/23/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/23/26.md b/pro/23/26.md index 6cbf63f1f1..704d2299fd 100644 --- a/pro/23/26.md +++ b/pro/23/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The eyes are a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "observe" # observe Some modern translations read, "delight in." - diff --git a/pro/23/27.md b/pro/23/27.md index 7f9e96e083..0bb5fe01df 100644 --- a/pro/23/27.md +++ b/pro/23/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Doing evil for which one will be punished is spoken of as falling into a narrow # well a hole in the ground that people have dug to get to water - diff --git a/pro/23/28.md b/pro/23/28.md index 255ab6cac6..6c56228ffa 100644 --- a/pro/23/28.md +++ b/pro/23/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ stays hidden, ready to attack when a victim approaches # the treacherous This nominal adjective can be translated as an adjective or verb. Alternate translation: "treacherous people" or "those who harm others by deceiving them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/23/29.md b/pro/23/29.md index 195901bf76..424d2a003a 100644 --- a/pro/23/29.md +++ b/pro/23/29.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer uses these questions to prepare the reader for the point he is about # bloodshot eyes "eyes red, like the color of blood" - diff --git a/pro/23/30.md b/pro/23/30.md index d8a598bc96..28c9eb0ad6 100644 --- a/pro/23/30.md +++ b/pro/23/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ spend much time drinking wine and so drink much wine (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # the mixed wine Possible meanings are 1) different wines mixed together or 2) other drinks that are stronger than wine. - diff --git a/pro/23/31.md b/pro/23/31.md index 24b916d9c5..0578dbbc0b 100644 --- a/pro/23/31.md +++ b/pro/23/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). - diff --git a/pro/23/32.md b/pro/23/32.md index d2f99ff288..8bd92edc6c 100644 --- a/pro/23/32.md +++ b/pro/23/32.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "it" refers to "the wine when it is red." "Bites" and "stings" are meta # adder a type of poisonous snake - diff --git a/pro/23/33.md b/pro/23/33.md index fdfbeb22c0..e8d2a4ad7c 100644 --- a/pro/23/33.md +++ b/pro/23/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "heart" represents the person and emphasize what he thinks and decides to do # perverse things things that God says are morally wrong and bad; things that are wicked - diff --git a/pro/23/34.md b/pro/23/34.md index 5bfdc0a23b..a40101cec9 100644 --- a/pro/23/34.md +++ b/pro/23/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The place on the mast where the person lies can be made explicit. Alternate tran # mast the long wooden pole to which are attached the sails of a sailing ship - diff --git a/pro/23/35.md b/pro/23/35.md index 6e692483d6..b31d837c90 100644 --- a/pro/23/35.md +++ b/pro/23/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Because the drunk person is not thinking clearly, he is imagining that people ar # When will I wake up? The drunk person is wondering when he will be sober again; when the effect of the wine will stop. - diff --git a/pro/23/intro.md b/pro/23/intro.md index 18d834717b..9fd135adeb 100644 --- a/pro/23/intro.md +++ b/pro/23/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,19 @@ # Proverbs 23 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 23 continues the section beginning in the previous chapter of the book and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 23 continues the section beginning in the previous chapter of the book and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs. -The second half of this chapter and the first half of the next chapter are attributed to general sayings. +The second half of this chapter and the first half of the next chapter are attributed to general sayings. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes -There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) +There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) ## Links: * __[Proverbs 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/24/01.md b/pro/24/01.md index 24b916d9c5..0578dbbc0b 100644 --- a/pro/24/01.md +++ b/pro/24/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). - diff --git a/pro/24/02.md b/pro/24/02.md index 72d12cc995..5caef11084 100644 --- a/pro/24/02.md +++ b/pro/24/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "their lips" refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: "they" # talk about trouble "talk about causing harm" or "talk about creating problems" - diff --git a/pro/24/03.md b/pro/24/03.md index 0e0d052c86..f15a9d5615 100644 --- a/pro/24/03.md +++ b/pro/24/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "understanding" can be translated as a verb. These words can b # it is established The word "established" means made stable and strong. The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, and the house being physically stable and strong is a metaphor for a family that lives in peace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/04.md b/pro/24/04.md index a2c3d6931c..ca20b0d33d 100644 --- a/pro/24/04.md +++ b/pro/24/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # By knowledge the rooms are filled The abstract noun "knowledge" can be translated as a verb. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "People need to know what is precious and pleasant if they are to fill their rooms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/05.md b/pro/24/05.md index cd0361c536..185f243eab 100644 --- a/pro/24/05.md +++ b/pro/24/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "wisdom" can be translated as "wise." Alternate translation: " # a man of knowledge increases his strength The abstract nouns "knowledge" and "strength" can be translated as the verb "know" and the adjective "strong." Alternate translation: "a man who knows many things is stronger because he knows these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/06.md b/pro/24/06.md index c64949a44b..991e765c53 100644 --- a/pro/24/06.md +++ b/pro/24/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "guidance" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translatio # advisors those who tell government officials what those officials should do - diff --git a/pro/24/07.md b/pro/24/07.md index d5c42e369b..ccc96306b7 100644 --- a/pro/24/07.md +++ b/pro/24/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. "too difficult for a fool to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # open his mouth The mouth is a metonym for the words that come from the mouth. Alternate translation: "speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/08.md b/pro/24/08.md index 00ed98d12a..140b5a760c 100644 --- a/pro/24/08.md +++ b/pro/24/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # a master of schemes one who is skillful at making evil plans. Alternate translation: "a mischievous person" or "a troublemaker" - diff --git a/pro/24/09.md b/pro/24/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/24/09.md +++ b/pro/24/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/24/10.md b/pro/24/10.md index e4d33a8ffc..5179c4c881 100644 --- a/pro/24/10.md +++ b/pro/24/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # your strength is small This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "you have very little strength" or "you are certainly weak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/11.md b/pro/24/11.md index bbaa542dc7..1fabd9afcc 100644 --- a/pro/24/11.md +++ b/pro/24/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ walking unsteadily and almost falling. This word would also describe the way a p # the slaughter The abstract noun "slaughter" can be translated as a verb. The writer speaks as if those who take them away think of them as no better than animals. If your language has a word for killing animals that would fit here, you might want to use it. Alternate translation: "where people will kill them as they would kill animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/12.md b/pro/24/12.md index b0af63f43d..c6fba7c321 100644 --- a/pro/24/12.md +++ b/pro/24/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The writer assumes the readers know the answer and asks this for emphasis. Alter # Will God not give to each one what he deserves? The writer assumes the readers know the answer and asks this for emphasis. Alternate translation: "God will give to each one what he deserves." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/13.md b/pro/24/13.md index 24b916d9c5..0578dbbc0b 100644 --- a/pro/24/13.md +++ b/pro/24/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). - diff --git a/pro/24/14.md b/pro/24/14.md index 899e391c9b..a20b6659f5 100644 --- a/pro/24/14.md +++ b/pro/24/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your hope will not be cut off Possible meanings are 1) this is a simple passive that can be translated as in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will take your hope away" or 2) this is litotes that can be translated in positive form. Alternate translation: "your hope will surely continue" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/15.md b/pro/24/15.md index a63a3c6405..107e27fb62 100644 --- a/pro/24/15.md +++ b/pro/24/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "lie in wait" are an idiom. Translate "lie in wait" as in [Proverbs 1: # his home the home of the righteous person - diff --git a/pro/24/16.md b/pro/24/16.md index e0b1863dfa..184023d6c5 100644 --- a/pro/24/16.md +++ b/pro/24/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "wicked people stumble in times of calamity" or 2) "wic # calamity times when bad things happen to people and their property - diff --git a/pro/24/17.md b/pro/24/17.md index 92e2800ea1..5943d41952 100644 --- a/pro/24/17.md +++ b/pro/24/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # let not your heart be glad This is a strong command. The word "heart" represents the person. Alternate translation: "do not allow yourself to be glad" or "stop yourself from being glad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/18.md b/pro/24/18.md index d288f1a36c..42bc3fff38 100644 --- a/pro/24/18.md +++ b/pro/24/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turn away his wrath from him The words "turn away his wrath" are an idiom for no longer being angry. What Yahweh would do instead can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "stop being angry with him and be angry with you instead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/19.md b/pro/24/19.md index 56c7368938..5074e5934c 100644 --- a/pro/24/19.md +++ b/pro/24/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # Do not be angry Many modern translations read, "Do not fret," which is advice not to worry so much that one becomes angry. - diff --git a/pro/24/20.md b/pro/24/20.md index 28972af097..52229349b3 100644 --- a/pro/24/20.md +++ b/pro/24/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ or "the lamp of wicked people will be put out" or "they will put out the lamp of # the lamp ... go out This is a metaphor for either 1) life. Alternate translation: "the life ... will end" Or 2) the person's accomplishments. Alternate translation: "the hard work ... come to nothing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/21.md b/pro/24/21.md index 5be9a4fa33..e022c47239 100644 --- a/pro/24/21.md +++ b/pro/24/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the "thirty sayings" ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)). # Fear a deep respect and awe for a person in authority - diff --git a/pro/24/22.md b/pro/24/22.md index 8ae829c9dc..c9624f49ac 100644 --- a/pro/24/22.md +++ b/pro/24/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer asks this question to emphasize the disaster. Alternate translation: # both of them these words refer to Yahweh and the king - diff --git a/pro/24/23.md b/pro/24/23.md index d3c04622be..71d3e99e2f 100644 --- a/pro/24/23.md +++ b/pro/24/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This sentence starts a new collection of proverbs. # a case at law a situation that is brought before a judge in which someone is accused of breaking the law - diff --git a/pro/24/24.md b/pro/24/24.md index 8834bce1e2..b24d0f0ed3 100644 --- a/pro/24/24.md +++ b/pro/24/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "nations" is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. These wo # the wicked person ... a righteous person Possible meanings are 1) people should never call any wicked person a righteous person or 2) no one should say of a person guilty of a crime that he is innocent. Alternate translation: "a person guilty of a crime ... innocent" - diff --git a/pro/24/25.md b/pro/24/25.md index 89569af595..4172157361 100644 --- a/pro/24/25.md +++ b/pro/24/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Gifts are spoken of as if they were people who could move by themselves. The abs # gifts of goodness "good things" or "blessings" - diff --git a/pro/24/26.md b/pro/24/26.md index 506313725a..68996d8bed 100644 --- a/pro/24/26.md +++ b/pro/24/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "straight" here is a metaphor for either 1) "honest" or 2) "correct." ( # gives a kiss on the lips A kiss was a sign of respect and devotion in that culture. Alternate translation: "shows true friendship" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/27.md b/pro/24/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/24/27.md +++ b/pro/24/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/24/28.md b/pro/24/28.md index 6c5da8032a..c79040317a 100644 --- a/pro/24/28.md +++ b/pro/24/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with your lips The lips are a metonym for the words a person speaks. Alternate translation: "by what you say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/29.md b/pro/24/29.md index 264eccdff3..4727a98af6 100644 --- a/pro/24/29.md +++ b/pro/24/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pay him back This is an idiom. "take revenge against him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/30.md b/pro/24/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/24/30.md +++ b/pro/24/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/24/31.md b/pro/24/31.md index 1d7705bbf1..9792f78396 100644 --- a/pro/24/31.md +++ b/pro/24/31.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ plants that are covered with stinging leaves and hairs # was broken down "had fallen down" - diff --git a/pro/24/32.md b/pro/24/32.md index 67588707d6..c67d017715 100644 --- a/pro/24/32.md +++ b/pro/24/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # received instruction "learned a lesson" - diff --git a/pro/24/33.md b/pro/24/33.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/24/33.md +++ b/pro/24/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/24/34.md b/pro/24/34.md index 8efb0043f9..a8bc5cfbba 100644 --- a/pro/24/34.md +++ b/pro/24/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some translations read, "poverty comes upon you like a robber." Poverty is spoke # your needs like an armed soldier Needs are spoken of as if they were a person who could attack the lazy person. Alternate translation: "your needs will come to you like an armed soldier" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/pro/24/intro.md b/pro/24/intro.md index fdc14b0b96..1c8794af96 100644 --- a/pro/24/intro.md +++ b/pro/24/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Proverbs 24 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 24 continues the section beginning in the previous chapter and is mainly filled with short, individual proverbs. +Chapter 24 continues the section beginning in the previous chapter and is mainly filled with short, individual proverbs. -The second half of this chapter finishes the section. +The second half of this chapter finishes the section. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Lazy man story +### Lazy man story Unlike much of Proverbs, verses 30-34 tell a short story about a lazy man, which ends in a very memorable proverb. -#### Themes +### Themes + There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/25/01.md b/pro/25/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/25/01.md +++ b/pro/25/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/25/02.md b/pro/25/02.md index 20ecdf2ee8..f5ab369db8 100644 --- a/pro/25/02.md +++ b/pro/25/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: "but it is the glory" (See # search it out "search that matter out" or "search for those things that God has concealed" - diff --git a/pro/25/03.md b/pro/25/03.md index 5be7eb54bf..82c4722748 100644 --- a/pro/25/03.md +++ b/pro/25/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The hearts of kings are compared to the size of the heavens and the earth. Alter # heavens This refers to everything we see above the earth, including the sun, moon, and stars. - diff --git a/pro/25/04.md b/pro/25/04.md index 7de394ed52..d09073364e 100644 --- a/pro/25/04.md +++ b/pro/25/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # dross the material in a metal that people do not want and they remove by heating the metal - diff --git a/pro/25/05.md b/pro/25/05.md index 3a3011950a..8ea8eeee2f 100644 --- a/pro/25/05.md +++ b/pro/25/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his throne will be established by doing The throne is a metonym for the power to rule. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the king will establish his throne by doing" or "he will have the power to rule because he does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/06.md b/pro/25/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/25/06.md +++ b/pro/25/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/25/07.md b/pro/25/07.md index 9c830b6e09..dc15f4a36d 100644 --- a/pro/25/07.md +++ b/pro/25/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "up" means to move to a place at the table that is closer to the king. It i # before a nobleman "in front of a nobleman" - diff --git a/pro/25/08.md b/pro/25/08.md index e0d2b07916..414e963db9 100644 --- a/pro/25/08.md +++ b/pro/25/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For what will you do in the end when your neighbor puts you to shame? This question is asked to make the reader consider the possibility that he may have misunderstood the situation. The way in which the neighbor might put the reader to shame can be stated plainly. Alternate translation: "For you will not know what to do in the end when your neighbor puts you to shame." or "For if your neighbor has an explanation, he will put you to shame, and you will have nothing to say to defend yourself." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/09.md b/pro/25/09.md index 605ba17f4e..069bba9ffc 100644 --- a/pro/25/09.md +++ b/pro/25/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do not reveal another's secret "do not share your neighbor's secret with other people" - diff --git a/pro/25/10.md b/pro/25/10.md index bb713a09c7..6e46426974 100644 --- a/pro/25/10.md +++ b/pro/25/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an evil report about you that cannot be silenced Here "evil report" refers to harmful things that the person will tell others. The phrase "cannot be silenced" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will not be able to stop him from telling other people harmful things about you" or "he will tell people evil things about you and you will never have a good reputation again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/11.md b/pro/25/11.md index c213a1ebda..01138a0d46 100644 --- a/pro/25/11.md +++ b/pro/25/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The ancient Israelites did not know the apples that most people know today. Poss # is a word spoken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "is a message that someone speaks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/12.md b/pro/25/12.md index babd3d9f90..ba12a34757 100644 --- a/pro/25/12.md +++ b/pro/25/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The value and importance of "a wise rebuke" is spoken of as if it had the beauty # listening ear The ear is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "person who is willing to listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/13.md b/pro/25/13.md index 864593eb53..bd3a1931bc 100644 --- a/pro/25/13.md +++ b/pro/25/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ white flakes of ice that fall from the sky like rain # brings back the life of his masters This means he makes his masters, who are weak and tired, to be strong and rested again. - diff --git a/pro/25/14.md b/pro/25/14.md index 02fc0a4522..254260c00b 100644 --- a/pro/25/14.md +++ b/pro/25/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Clouds and wind without rain is the one who boasts ... not give Most translations translate this metaphor as a simile and change the order of the phrases. Rain was important to the Israelites because only small amounts of it fell, so a cloud without rain was useless and brought disappointment to the Israelites. Alternate translation: "The one who boasts ... not give is like clouds and wind without rain" or "The one who boasts ... not give is useless and a disappointment, like clouds and wind without rain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/15.md b/pro/25/15.md index b93cf94e70..0c61bfb0f0 100644 --- a/pro/25/15.md +++ b/pro/25/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone wh # a soft tongue can break a bone The word "tongue" is a metonym for the words the person speaks using the tongue. The word "bone" is a metaphor for strong opposition. Alternate translation: "gentle speech can overcome strong opposition" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/16.md b/pro/25/16.md index b8f537ed13..d3104dc5db 100644 --- a/pro/25/16.md +++ b/pro/25/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verse 16 states a general principle, and verse 17 gives one specific example. The idea of eating too much honey and then vomiting it up is a metaphor for taking too much of any good thing and regretting it later. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/17.md b/pro/25/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/25/17.md +++ b/pro/25/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/25/18.md b/pro/25/18.md index faab72fddc..783e72e011 100644 --- a/pro/25/18.md +++ b/pro/25/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A man who bears false witness against his neighbor is like a club used in war, or a sword, or a sharp arrow A false witness is compared to three weapons that can hurt or kill people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/19.md b/pro/25/19.md index 9c7005d91d..300faae2cf 100644 --- a/pro/25/19.md +++ b/pro/25/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # An unfaithful man in whom you trust in a time of trouble is like a bad tooth or a foot that slips A foolish man is compared to a part of the body that causes trouble for a person. Alternate translation: "Trusting in an unfaithful man in time of trouble will bring you pain like a bad tooth or a foot that slips" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/20.md b/pro/25/20.md index 3dc4931072..cd90052ee8 100644 --- a/pro/25/20.md +++ b/pro/25/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You may need to make explicit what kind of songs the singer sings. Alternate tra # a heavy heart The heart is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "a sad person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/21.md b/pro/25/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/25/21.md +++ b/pro/25/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/25/22.md b/pro/25/22.md index a36049b2ba..9c3c158852 100644 --- a/pro/25/22.md +++ b/pro/25/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # shovel coals of fire on his head This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "cause him to have a guilty conscience and be ashamed of what he has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/23.md b/pro/25/23.md index 212799559d..95f2f531ce 100644 --- a/pro/25/23.md +++ b/pro/25/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some modern translations read "someone who tells secrets." # result in angry faces The face is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "makes other people so angry you can see it in their faces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/24.md b/pro/25/24.md index 63d9dffe40..1a1473a0ed 100644 --- a/pro/25/24.md +++ b/pro/25/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Houses in those days had flat roofs. Ancient Israelites spent much time on their # a quarreling wife a wife who often argues or complains - diff --git a/pro/25/25.md b/pro/25/25.md index cb719c083b..3bd8a08b89 100644 --- a/pro/25/25.md +++ b/pro/25/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Like cold waters to one who is thirsty, so is good news from a far country Cold water is compared to good news that is both refreshing and delightful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/26.md b/pro/25/26.md index 7837fbc6e5..f8f33199b1 100644 --- a/pro/25/26.md +++ b/pro/25/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Swaying and about to fall down. This is a metaphor for being unable to continue # before wicked people Possible meanings are 1) "when wicked people attack him" or 2) "when wicked people urge him to do evil." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/25/27.md b/pro/25/27.md index 56c9ed6a3f..6ec3d03376 100644 --- a/pro/25/27.md +++ b/pro/25/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "It is a bad thing" (See: # that is like searching for honor after honor "that is like always thinking about how others should honor you." The meaning of the original language is uncertain. Some versions of the Bible translate this as "that is like speaking too many compliments to people." - diff --git a/pro/25/28.md b/pro/25/28.md index babc67c1e8..26607e6a20 100644 --- a/pro/25/28.md +++ b/pro/25/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both a person without self-control and a city without walls are weak and vulnera # breached and without walls "whose walls an army has knocked down and destroyed" - diff --git a/pro/25/intro.md b/pro/25/intro.md index 48c63dc2c0..dc8b0dcde6 100644 --- a/pro/25/intro.md +++ b/pro/25/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 25 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 25 begins the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. +Chapter 25 begins the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/26/01.md b/pro/26/01.md index c42c67db2e..30c903aedd 100644 --- a/pro/26/01.md +++ b/pro/26/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Like snow in summer or rain in harvest Normally snow does not fall during the summer and rain does not fall during the harvest. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Just as it would be very strange to have snow in summer or rain during the harvest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/02.md b/pro/26/02.md index a08dc197c3..f859a4275c 100644 --- a/pro/26/02.md +++ b/pro/26/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "a curse on a per # alight land on someone or something - diff --git a/pro/26/03.md b/pro/26/03.md index d5c2a27815..2147140524 100644 --- a/pro/26/03.md +++ b/pro/26/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A bridle is made of straps. People put it on a donkey's head and hold one of the # a rod is for the back of fools In the Bible, people would hit their children or their slaves with a wooden rod in order to discipline them. - diff --git a/pro/26/04.md b/pro/26/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/26/04.md +++ b/pro/26/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/26/05.md b/pro/26/05.md index ee2b69b60c..db8a67f658 100644 --- a/pro/26/05.md +++ b/pro/26/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Joining in on a fool's folly when answering him represents answering him in a fo # so he will not become wise in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "so that he will not become wise according to his judgement" or "so that he does not consider himself to be wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/06.md b/pro/26/06.md index 21e24a3c62..284d580798 100644 --- a/pro/26/06.md +++ b/pro/26/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Cutting off one's own feet is an exaggeration for harming one's self. Alternate # drinks violence Violence is spoken of as if it were a poisonous liquid that someone might drink. Alternate translation: "harms himself by being violent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/07.md b/pro/26/07.md index e93dd287f8..b5a54f8265 100644 --- a/pro/26/07.md +++ b/pro/26/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a person who is unable to move or feel all or part of his body # in the mouth of fools Here "mouth" is a metonym for speaking. Alternate translation: "in the speech of fools" or "that fools say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/08.md b/pro/26/08.md index 056eeee74b..a631ffd835 100644 --- a/pro/26/08.md +++ b/pro/26/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In order to throw a stone very far, people put it into a sling and swing the sli # giving honor to a fool "honoring a fool" - diff --git a/pro/26/09.md b/pro/26/09.md index 66dc61d0b8..062147119f 100644 --- a/pro/26/09.md +++ b/pro/26/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) if a drunk person holds a thornbush, a thorn will prick # in the mouth of fools Here "mouth" is a metonym for speaking. Alternate translation: "in the speech of fools" or "that fools say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/10.md b/pro/26/10.md index 6a4833da6a..4dd782428a 100644 --- a/pro/26/10.md +++ b/pro/26/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hires a fool "gives a job to a fool" - diff --git a/pro/26/11.md b/pro/26/11.md index 7eb89b00a1..3ed197564f 100644 --- a/pro/26/11.md +++ b/pro/26/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As a dog returns to his own vomit "As a dog eats its own vomit" - diff --git a/pro/26/12.md b/pro/26/12.md index e47377840a..5d23009037 100644 --- a/pro/26/12.md +++ b/pro/26/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to lead the reader to think about someone who is wise in h # There is more hope for a fool than for him "A fool can become wise more easily than he can" - diff --git a/pro/26/13.md b/pro/26/13.md index 6f0f39aa8e..5f29c9c1fb 100644 --- a/pro/26/13.md +++ b/pro/26/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Proverbs 22:13](../22/13.md). # the open places This refers to the places in town where there is a lot of room for people to walk around or where people gather. Alternate translation: "the town plazas" or "the streets" - diff --git a/pro/26/14.md b/pro/26/14.md index 6836311557..abf01cb68d 100644 --- a/pro/26/14.md +++ b/pro/26/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ metal pieces that attach a door to something and allow it to open and close # As the door turns on its hinges, so is the lazy person upon his bed Both the door and the lazy person move, but they do not go anywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/15.md b/pro/26/15.md index 7dacd1fe81..a2616a6a10 100644 --- a/pro/26/15.md +++ b/pro/26/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he has no strength to lift it up to his mouth This is an exaggeration for doing necessary work that would clearly do him good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/16.md b/pro/26/16.md index 73c03d1573..0699039fc8 100644 --- a/pro/26/16.md +++ b/pro/26/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The lazy person is wiser in his own eyes than seven men The phrase "his own eyes" represents his thoughts. Alternate translation: "The lazy person thinks he is wiser than seven men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/17.md b/pro/26/17.md index 8bd7f9f418..6aa2c423b3 100644 --- a/pro/26/17.md +++ b/pro/26/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implied information is that the dog will get angry and bite the person. Alte # is a passerby who becomes angry at a dispute that is not his own The implied information is that the passerby will start arguing, and the people who were fighting will get angry with him and hurt him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/18.md b/pro/26/18.md index ffba670c99..752341466f 100644 --- a/pro/26/18.md +++ b/pro/26/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ If your language cannot have "firebrands," "arrows," and "death" as objects of " # firebrands burning pieces of wood - diff --git a/pro/26/19.md b/pro/26/19.md index d16eed81f0..1e9312a327 100644 --- a/pro/26/19.md +++ b/pro/26/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both the "madman" (Proverbs 26:18) and the one who deceives hurt people but do n # Was I not telling a joke? The deceiver uses this question to imply that since he his joke was only for fun, he should not be blamed for any harm he has caused. Alternate translation: "I did nothing wrong. I was only telling a joke." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/20.md b/pro/26/20.md index 1dd5743aff..04a47227f7 100644 --- a/pro/26/20.md +++ b/pro/26/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # gossiper a person who gossips a lot - diff --git a/pro/26/21.md b/pro/26/21.md index 8ae790894e..0cfc46b38b 100644 --- a/pro/26/21.md +++ b/pro/26/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What charcoal does to coals and what wood does to fire can be stated clearly. Al # kindling strife To kindle something means to set it on fire. Setting strife on fire is a metaphor for causing people to fight or argue. Alternate translation: "causing people to fight" or "causing people to argue" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/22.md b/pro/26/22.md index 6911068aa1..a6ecd4aeb6 100644 --- a/pro/26/22.md +++ b/pro/26/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks of gossip being desirable to listen to as if it were delicious food # they go down into the inner parts of the body This speaks of the words that a gossip says going into a person's mind and affecting his thoughts as if they were food that was going into his stomach. This sentence is equivalent to [Proverbs 18:8](../18/08.md). Alternate translation: "and they enter a person's mind and affect his thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/23.md b/pro/26/23.md index 097a3953df..a1a06ab991 100644 --- a/pro/26/23.md +++ b/pro/26/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "burning" is a metaphor for "strongly emotional" and the word "lips" is # an evil heart The heart represents a person's thoughts, attitudes, desires, or feelings. Alternate translation: "evil thoughts" or "evil desires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/24.md b/pro/26/24.md index ab82a1c627..15db04ad4f 100644 --- a/pro/26/24.md +++ b/pro/26/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Disguising his feelings represents keeping people from knowing what his feelings # he lays up deceit within himself Being deceitful is spoken of as if he were storing deceit within himself. Possible meanings are that "deceit" refers to lies. Alternate translation: "he likes his many lies" or 2) deceit refers secret plans to harm people. Alternate translation: "he secretly plans to harm people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/25.md b/pro/26/25.md index f02a204a62..9f2c961183 100644 --- a/pro/26/25.md +++ b/pro/26/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for there are seven abominations in his heart The number seven represents completeness. Possible meanings are 1) "abominations" refers to attitudes that God hates. Alternate translation: "for his heart is completely filled with hateful things" or 2) "abominations" refers to his hatred for people. Alternate translation: "for his heart is completely filled with hatred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/26.md b/pro/26/26.md index 80fd094214..62d8602206 100644 --- a/pro/26/26.md +++ b/pro/26/26.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Being exposed represents being discovered or becoming known. Alternate translati # the assembly "the community of Israel" - diff --git a/pro/26/27.md b/pro/26/27.md index b3b16601e4..b2f616cf9e 100644 --- a/pro/26/27.md +++ b/pro/26/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the person digs the pit as a trap so that someone will fall i # the stone will roll back on the one who pushed it It is implied that the person pushed a large stone so that it would roll downhill and crush someone there. Alternate translation: "if someone pushed a stone so that it would roll downhill and crush someone, the stone will roll back on him instead" or "if someone maked a stone roll so that it would hurt someone, the stone will crush him instead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/26/28.md b/pro/26/28.md index aa9d530d79..8c76e0f85f 100644 --- a/pro/26/28.md +++ b/pro/26/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "a flattering mouth" represents a person who flatters people. Possibl # flattering praising someone in a manner that is not sincere, or praising someone about things that are not true - diff --git a/pro/26/intro.md b/pro/26/intro.md index 016ba0279b..20fddead65 100644 --- a/pro/26/intro.md +++ b/pro/26/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # Proverbs 26 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 26 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. +Chapter 26 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes -There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. Wisdom and folly are particularly prominent in this chapter.(See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) +There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. Wisdom and folly are particularly prominent in this chapter.(See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) ## Links: * __[Proverbs 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/27/01.md b/pro/27/01.md index 719eef4f31..ba489b0b37 100644 --- a/pro/27/01.md +++ b/pro/27/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a warning not to brag about what you expect to happen tomorrow. This can # what a day may bring Something happening on a certain day is spoken of as if the day were to bring that event. Alternate translation: "what will happen on a day" or "what will happen tomorrow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/02.md b/pro/27/02.md index 4ec5ad4f16..33cea1f3ee 100644 --- a/pro/27/02.md +++ b/pro/27/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here a person is represented by his "mouth" and "lips" because those are the par # a stranger The words "let ... praise you" are understood from the first phrase. The words can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "let a stranger praise you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/03.md b/pro/27/03.md index bb9f198b72..d99463e31d 100644 --- a/pro/27/03.md +++ b/pro/27/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The difficulty of being patient with a fool who provokes you is spoken of as if # the provocation of a fool "the trouble caused by a fool." "Provocation" means actions or words that cause anger or irritation. - diff --git a/pro/27/04.md b/pro/27/04.md index 486ae05913..6dee2d8522 100644 --- a/pro/27/04.md +++ b/pro/27/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This question implies that no one can stand before jealousy. It can be reworded # to stand before jealousy Here standing represents being strong and resisting being harmed by a jealous person who attacks. Alternate translation: "to resist a jealous person" or "to remain strong when a jealous person attacks him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/05.md b/pro/27/05.md index 9d3040b0ce..a9a08c3d49 100644 --- a/pro/27/05.md +++ b/pro/27/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "rebuke" can be expressed with the verb "rebuke." Alternate tr # than hidden love "than love that is not openly shown." The abstract noun "love" can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "than to be loved secretly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/06.md b/pro/27/06.md index fdb8eb8d64..cda4c1014c 100644 --- a/pro/27/06.md +++ b/pro/27/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The trustworthiness of a friend's rebuke is spoken of as if the sadness that his # but many are the kisses of an enemy It can be stated clearly that the enemy's kisses are not trustworthy. Alternate translation: "but the enemy's many kisses are not trustworthy" or "but an enemy may try to deceive you by kissing you may times" or (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/07.md b/pro/27/07.md index 2161fb6876..96fab4680c 100644 --- a/pro/27/07.md +++ b/pro/27/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A honeycomb would normally be desirable, but not to the person who has already e # every bitter thing is sweet "everything that is bitter tastes sweet" - diff --git a/pro/27/08.md b/pro/27/08.md index a714430740..cddc2beef7 100644 --- a/pro/27/08.md +++ b/pro/27/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Like a bird that wanders from its nest is a man who strays from where he lives The words "wanders" and "strays" mean the same thing in this verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/09.md b/pro/27/09.md index ff72087c4f..257ff66435 100644 --- a/pro/27/09.md +++ b/pro/27/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the heart" represents the feelings or emotions of a person. Alternate tran # the sweetness of a friend comes from his sincere counsel Possible meanings are 1) "sweetness" represents kindness. Alternate translation: "we recognize our friend's kindness by his counsel" or 2) "sweetness" represents what we appreciate about a person. Alternate translation: "what we appreciate about a friend is his advice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/10.md b/pro/27/10.md index b29eb16ca9..062525bde4 100644 --- a/pro/27/10.md +++ b/pro/27/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "brother" is a general reference to relatives, such as members of # calamity extreme troubles and misfortune - diff --git a/pro/27/11.md b/pro/27/11.md index 02f0625b7f..d35b458ea6 100644 --- a/pro/27/11.md +++ b/pro/27/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "answer" does not mean to answer a question. It means to respond or to repl # mocks makes fun of someone, especially in a cruel way - diff --git a/pro/27/12.md b/pro/27/12.md index a7caabe8c5..d53dd44acd 100644 --- a/pro/27/12.md +++ b/pro/27/12.md @@ -9,5 +9,3 @@ This nominal adjective refers to any prudent person. See how you translated "pru # the naive This nominal adjective refers to any naive person. To be naive is to lack experience and to not be mature. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - - diff --git a/pro/27/13.md b/pro/27/13.md index edcccc7117..952fad5bc2 100644 --- a/pro/27/13.md +++ b/pro/27/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means for someone to give something to a lender as a guarantee that what wa # hold it in pledge To "hold something in pledge" means to hold on to something that someone has given as a pledge, or promise, that he will pay a debt. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 20:16](../20/16.md). Alternate translation: "hold onto his coat as a guarantee of repayment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/14.md b/pro/27/14.md index 82d8d6641c..70a8e04056 100644 --- a/pro/27/14.md +++ b/pro/27/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # that blessing will be considered to be a curse This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the neighbor will consider that blessing to be a curse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/15.md b/pro/27/15.md index 31d7203541..fe4a44f30c 100644 --- a/pro/27/15.md +++ b/pro/27/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implied information is that it is rain that is constantly dripping. Alternat # a rainy day "a day of continual rain" - diff --git a/pro/27/16.md b/pro/27/16.md index a0d0a2d16f..62bc547d45 100644 --- a/pro/27/16.md +++ b/pro/27/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implied information is that it is as difficult or useless to try and restrai # restraining the wind "holding back the wind" or "keeping the wind under control" - diff --git a/pro/27/17.md b/pro/27/17.md index 724ab73cd5..4b76021ac5 100644 --- a/pro/27/17.md +++ b/pro/27/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Iron sharpens iron; in the same way, a man sharpens his friend. These two phrases are comparing how iron and a man can be improved. Alternate translation: "As iron can sharpen another piece of iron, so a man's character is improved by contact with his friend" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/18.md b/pro/27/18.md index 2447450c18..912bd970a8 100644 --- a/pro/27/18.md +++ b/pro/27/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the one who protects his master will be honored This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a master will honor the one who protects him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/19.md b/pro/27/19.md index c8ac81a2f2..b9f85c2600 100644 --- a/pro/27/19.md +++ b/pro/27/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a person's heart Here this means a person's thoughts. Alternate translation: "what a person thinks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/20.md b/pro/27/20.md index 8534853de1..9db5b34aec 100644 --- a/pro/27/20.md +++ b/pro/27/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a name that means "destroyer." Alternate translation: "the Destroyer" (S # a man's eyes Here the "eyes" represent a man's desires. Alternate translation: "a man's desires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/21.md b/pro/27/21.md index 84bba079d2..817a52ca3b 100644 --- a/pro/27/21.md +++ b/pro/27/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ an oven that can be made extremely hot (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unkn # a person is tested when he is praised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when one praises a person, they are also testing that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/22.md b/pro/27/22.md index 1b7e36741b..3d4bb60e74 100644 --- a/pro/27/22.md +++ b/pro/27/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that even if a fool is made to suffer hardship or pain (being crushed # pestle a hard tool with a rounded end, used for crushing things in a bowl (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/23.md b/pro/27/23.md index 29480048a6..e91f1d794e 100644 --- a/pro/27/23.md +++ b/pro/27/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together for emph # your herds "herds of goats" - diff --git a/pro/27/24.md b/pro/27/24.md index bbd2fc2e4d..4d9677eac8 100644 --- a/pro/27/24.md +++ b/pro/27/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question expects a negative answer to make the point that the reign of eart # a crown Here "crown" is a metonym for a king's rule over his kingdom. Alternate translation: "a king's rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/25.md b/pro/27/25.md index d0d0637cdf..570a9b893d 100644 --- a/pro/27/25.md +++ b/pro/27/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the new growth appears "the new sprouts appear" or "the new grass starts to grow" - diff --git a/pro/27/26.md b/pro/27/26.md index 3ca13141a3..6315185e19 100644 --- a/pro/27/26.md +++ b/pro/27/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implied information is that the wool (hair) from the lambs can be used to ma # the goats will provide the price of the field The implied information is that the money received by selling the goats will be enough to buy a field. Alternate translation: "selling your goats will provide the price of the field" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/27/27.md b/pro/27/27.md index a067ee5425..f9579ac70f 100644 --- a/pro/27/27.md +++ b/pro/27/27.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implied information is that there will also be enough goats' milk to feed th # nourishment "food" - diff --git a/pro/27/intro.md b/pro/27/intro.md index 1a4a20822f..cec57c1dc4 100644 --- a/pro/27/intro.md +++ b/pro/27/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 27 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 27 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. +Chapter 27 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/28/01.md b/pro/28/01.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/28/01.md +++ b/pro/28/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/28/02.md b/pro/28/02.md index 3402374a3a..55e2e9f454 100644 --- a/pro/28/02.md +++ b/pro/28/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metonym for the sins of the people living in a land. Alternate transla # with a man of understanding and knowledge The implied information is that this man is a ruler or leader. The abstract nouns "understanding" and "knowledge" can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "with a man who understands and knows how to rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/03.md b/pro/28/03.md index 7ce7ce51bf..7827e5da2b 100644 --- a/pro/28/03.md +++ b/pro/28/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The poor man who oppresses other poor people is compared to a rain that falls so # beating rain This is a metaphor for a rain coming down hard enough to cause crops to be driven down. Alternate translation: "damaging rain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/04.md b/pro/28/04.md index fe6c462d08..c5d39c3106 100644 --- a/pro/28/04.md +++ b/pro/28/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "keep the law" means to do what God's law requires. Alternate translation: "t # fight against them "struggle against them." This means to strongly oppose or resist them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/05.md b/pro/28/05.md index 6a68257e1b..1b50856b7b 100644 --- a/pro/28/05.md +++ b/pro/28/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Those who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are litera # understand everything The implied information is that those who seek Yahweh understand all about justice. Alternate translation: "completely understand what is just" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/06.md b/pro/28/06.md index 6db8548ef3..2b7fd6e9fe 100644 --- a/pro/28/06.md +++ b/pro/28/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents a person living a life of integrity. The abstract noun "integrit # who is crooked in his ways Rich people who are dishonest are spoken of as if they walk on crooked or twisted paths. Alternate translation: "who is not honest in what he does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/07.md b/pro/28/07.md index 5ea9faf326..fd3b5ff59b 100644 --- a/pro/28/07.md +++ b/pro/28/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "understanding" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translat # shames his father "puts his father to shame" or "dishonors his father" - diff --git a/pro/28/08.md b/pro/28/08.md index 914605f468..76d89c77cc 100644 --- a/pro/28/08.md +++ b/pro/28/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ money that a borrower pays for the use of someone else's money # for another "for another person" - diff --git a/pro/28/09.md b/pro/28/09.md index 903023ed9c..4c1ff399a0 100644 --- a/pro/28/09.md +++ b/pro/28/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents the whole person turning away from and rejecting God's law. Alte # abomination See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md). - diff --git a/pro/28/10.md b/pro/28/10.md index 232612c9f6..abb52fd65d 100644 --- a/pro/28/10.md +++ b/pro/28/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to blameless persons in general. This nominal adjective can be state # will have a good inheritance "will inherit what is good" - diff --git a/pro/28/11.md b/pro/28/11.md index 749936f6d7..55a89c443f 100644 --- a/pro/28/11.md +++ b/pro/28/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "understanding" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translat # will find him out This is an idiom that means the poor person will be able to determine whether or not the rich person is really wise. Alternate translation: "will see his true nature" or "will see what he is truly like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/12.md b/pro/28/12.md index e4a3f8a1df..783ed1b706 100644 --- a/pro/28/12.md +++ b/pro/28/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to wicked people in general. Alternate translation: "wicked people" # people are sought out You may need to make explicit that those who "are sought out" have hidden themselves to escape from the wicked. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they seek people out" or "they seek out the people who hide from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/13.md b/pro/28/13.md index 0559bf8d3f..5861dbebce 100644 --- a/pro/28/13.md +++ b/pro/28/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the one who confesses them and abandons them will be shown mercy This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will show mercy to the one who confesses and forsakes them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/14.md b/pro/28/14.md index 07dbd40956..7cf3a7e0b8 100644 --- a/pro/28/14.md +++ b/pro/28/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an idiom that means to be stubborn or unwilling to obey God. Alternate t # will fall into trouble This represents ending up in misery and distress. Alternate translation: "will end up in trouble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/15.md b/pro/28/15.md index fc59c27464..70e91e2db0 100644 --- a/pro/28/15.md +++ b/pro/28/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Poor people who are helpless against an evil ruler are compared to people who ha # a charging bear A bear is a large, furry, dangerous animal that walks on four legs and has sharp claws and teeth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/16.md b/pro/28/16.md index cbde59d782..641d64cd1d 100644 --- a/pro/28/16.md +++ b/pro/28/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase can refer to 1) the "ruler" or 2) any person. # prolong his days Possible meanings are 1) this is an idiom that means his living for more time. Alternate translation: "live longer" or 2) this is an idiom that means extending the length of his reign. Alternate translation: "rule for a longer time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/17.md b/pro/28/17.md index 19deba34ba..f6e1b0ca3b 100644 --- a/pro/28/17.md +++ b/pro/28/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a person who is running away to avoid being captured # until death "until he dies." This means for the rest of his life. Alternate translation: "all of his life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/18.md b/pro/28/18.md index 40cf5a90e0..7d2b72174f 100644 --- a/pro/28/18.md +++ b/pro/28/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A dishonest person is spoken of as if he walks on crooked or twisted paths. Alte # will suddenly fall What will happen to a dishonest person is spoken of as if he suddenly fell down. Alternate translation: "will suddenly be ruined" or "will suddenly perish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/19.md b/pro/28/19.md index b17f6bb0be..5ba62e2339 100644 --- a/pro/28/19.md +++ b/pro/28/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to till, sow, and care for his crops. # will have plenty of poverty The person following worthless pursuits is spoken of as getting the opposite of plenty of food. The abstract noun "poverty" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "will be very poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/20.md b/pro/28/20.md index 81b6d2b15c..78e3a9c026 100644 --- a/pro/28/20.md +++ b/pro/28/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The double negative "will not go unpunished" is used for emphasis. This can be s # the one who gets rich quickly The implied information is that this person gains wealth by unfaithful or dishonest means. Alternate translation: "the one who tries to get rich quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/21.md b/pro/28/21.md index 5a6a935da1..1e97847046 100644 --- a/pro/28/21.md +++ b/pro/28/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do wrong "sin" - diff --git a/pro/28/22.md b/pro/28/22.md index 8d735c253b..671efed958 100644 --- a/pro/28/22.md +++ b/pro/28/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The stingy man is spoken of as if he was chasing after wealth. Alternate transla # poverty will come upon him The result of being stingy is spoken of as if poverty was overtaking the stingy person. The abstract noun "poverty" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "he will suddenly become poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/23.md b/pro/28/23.md index 77f90f7951..f89e1e8720 100644 --- a/pro/28/23.md +++ b/pro/28/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The tongue here represents speaking. Alternate translation: "flatters him with w # flatters praises someone in a manner that is not sincere, or praises someone about things that are not true - diff --git a/pro/28/24.md b/pro/28/24.md index b92774470f..b2b65d6ada 100644 --- a/pro/28/24.md +++ b/pro/28/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be expressed as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "says tha # the companion of Possible meanings are: 1) "the friend of" or 2) an idiom that means having the same character as. Alternate translation: "the same kind of person as" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/25.md b/pro/28/25.md index f616361911..80cb6f2e45 100644 --- a/pro/28/25.md +++ b/pro/28/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a person who selfishly wants more things, money or food than what he needs # stirs up conflict The action of the greedy man is spoken of as if he were stirring up or awakening conflict. Alternate translation: "causes conflict" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/26.md b/pro/28/26.md index aacf1b1907..ab51e42062 100644 --- a/pro/28/26.md +++ b/pro/28/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Depending on one's self is spoken of as trusting in one's own heart. Alternate t # walks in wisdom Possible meanings are 1) this is an idiom that means to live wisely. Alternate translation: "lives wisely" or 2) this is an idiom that means to follow the teachings of wise people. Alternate translation: "follows wise teachings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/27.md b/pro/28/27.md index 1ce48e1c07..c8f3b8a3e8 100644 --- a/pro/28/27.md +++ b/pro/28/27.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) they will receive ma # closes his eyes to Closing the eyes represents not responding to the needs of the poor. Alternate translation: "ignores" or "chooses not to help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/28/28.md b/pro/28/28.md index 8b15754b2e..ebc6c88323 100644 --- a/pro/28/28.md +++ b/pro/28/28.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to righteous persons in general. This nominal adjective can be state # increase Possible meanings are 1) "multiply" or 2) "rise to power." - diff --git a/pro/28/intro.md b/pro/28/intro.md index 4f2ecb4101..5392925bcd 100644 --- a/pro/28/intro.md +++ b/pro/28/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 28 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 28 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. +Chapter 28 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/29/01.md b/pro/29/01.md index a3802735c8..eaeb02a158 100644 --- a/pro/29/01.md +++ b/pro/29/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will suddenly bre # beyond healing "and no one will be able to heal him." Sickness is a metaphor for any kind of bad situation. Alternate translation: "and no one will be able to help him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/02.md b/pro/29/02.md index 6d1437e93c..c74d78caea 100644 --- a/pro/29/02.md +++ b/pro/29/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the people sigh The people let out long, loud breaths that show that they are weary and sad. Alternate translation: "the people will be weary and sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/03.md b/pro/29/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/29/03.md +++ b/pro/29/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/29/04.md b/pro/29/04.md index ba84c66605..c8208e9641 100644 --- a/pro/29/04.md +++ b/pro/29/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ makes the land peaceful so the king can rule for a long time # by justice The abstract noun "justice" can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "by doing what is just" or "by making just laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/05.md b/pro/29/05.md index ac24b75fe6..e857d552fd 100644 --- a/pro/29/05.md +++ b/pro/29/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ knowingly tells his neighbor things that are not true so that the neighbor will # spreading a net for his feet The writer compares the flattery of a person to setting that person up to being caught in a trap. Alternate translation: "setting a trap to catch that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/06.md b/pro/29/06.md index 2c050bc581..1d1267dde4 100644 --- a/pro/29/06.md +++ b/pro/29/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In the sin of an evil person is a trap When an evil person sins, it is as if he is stepping into a trap. He desires to do evil to other people, but God will use what he does to punish him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/07.md b/pro/29/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/29/07.md +++ b/pro/29/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/29/08.md b/pro/29/08.md index cdd7cc11a3..e80f1b37f8 100644 --- a/pro/29/08.md +++ b/pro/29/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "city" represents the people who live in the city. Mockers causing # turn away wrath This idiom means to cause angry people no longer to be angry. Alternate translation: "calm the wrath of angry people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/09.md b/pro/29/09.md index e7aa023b8a..8938957d36 100644 --- a/pro/29/09.md +++ b/pro/29/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to be loud and excited and to move with powerful movements like a str # there will be no rest "they will not be able to settle the problem" - diff --git a/pro/29/10.md b/pro/29/10.md index 92d971b4dc..327f8317d9 100644 --- a/pro/29/10.md +++ b/pro/29/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means to "want to kill." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # the upright This refers to upright persons in general. This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "upright people" or "righteous people" or "honest people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/11.md b/pro/29/11.md index cffee49748..ce3998a8e6 100644 --- a/pro/29/11.md +++ b/pro/29/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ He has no self-control. He lets everyone know what he is thinking and feeling, e # a wise man soothes it back This line is not clear, but the idea is clearly that the wise man does the opposite of what the fool does: he quiets and holds back his anger and calms himself down so that he can control what he says and does. - diff --git a/pro/29/12.md b/pro/29/12.md index edc683e06f..057f228fc3 100644 --- a/pro/29/12.md +++ b/pro/29/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all his officials will be wicked The actions of the ruler are spoken of by stating the result they will cause. Alternate translation: "it is as if he is teaching his officials to be wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/13.md b/pro/29/13.md index b421b545e3..4cec00b775 100644 --- a/pro/29/13.md +++ b/pro/29/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a person who treats people harshly and makes their lives very difficult # Yahweh gives light to the eyes of them both This idiom means "Yahweh makes both of them alive." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/14.md b/pro/29/14.md index 9c20685d52..ccbff1dd01 100644 --- a/pro/29/14.md +++ b/pro/29/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his throne The throne is a metonym for the kingdom he rules from his throne. Alternate translation: "his kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/15.md b/pro/29/15.md index 99b1d0ab66..4a9b20bc51 100644 --- a/pro/29/15.md +++ b/pro/29/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Parents in Israel used wooden rods as instruments to discipline children by stri # correction When a person gives correction to another person, he tells that person that he does not approve of what that other person is doing and he expects the person to change his behavior. - diff --git a/pro/29/16.md b/pro/29/16.md index 8d60b0da8a..97829a80ae 100644 --- a/pro/29/16.md +++ b/pro/29/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "transgression" can be translated as a verb. Alternate transla # the downfall of those wicked people The abstract noun "downfall" can be translated with the verb "fall," which is a metaphor for losing the power to rule. Alternate translation: "those wicked people fall" or "those wicked people lose their power to rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/17.md b/pro/29/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/29/17.md +++ b/pro/29/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/29/18.md b/pro/29/18.md index 21d2c7ab35..f7c1f00129 100644 --- a/pro/29/18.md +++ b/pro/29/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the one who keeps the law is blessed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will bless the one who keeps the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/19.md b/pro/29/19.md index 71334a0767..1f968f796c 100644 --- a/pro/29/19.md +++ b/pro/29/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A slave will not be corrected by words This can be translated in active form."You will not be able to correct a slave simply by talking to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/20.md b/pro/29/20.md index 6f7f02a546..9ca99859e9 100644 --- a/pro/29/20.md +++ b/pro/29/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you see a man who is hasty in his words? The writer is using a question to get the reader's attention. Alternate translation: "You should notice what happens to a man who is hasty in his words." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/21.md b/pro/29/21.md index 997ff19198..594089cd10 100644 --- a/pro/29/21.md +++ b/pro/29/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # there will be trouble These words translate a Hebrew word whose meaning no one knows for sure. Some understand it to mean that the slave will be weak, others that the slave will rule the household. - diff --git a/pro/29/22.md b/pro/29/22.md index 7f13cf1c86..295e5c05ee 100644 --- a/pro/29/22.md +++ b/pro/29/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Causing people to argue more is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening # a master of rage This idiom means "a person who becomes angry easily." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/23.md b/pro/29/23.md index 460e3d64a7..fb8a839e88 100644 --- a/pro/29/23.md +++ b/pro/29/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one who has a humble spirit will be given honor This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "men will give honor to a person who has a humble spirit" or "a person who has a humble spirit will receive honor from men" or "Yahweh will cause men to honor a person who has a humble spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/24.md b/pro/29/24.md index c930b14589..917d1fc73d 100644 --- a/pro/29/24.md +++ b/pro/29/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he hears the curse and says nothing Possible meanings are 1) people have put the "one who shares with a thief" under oath to tell the truth about what he knows about what the thief stole, and he knows he will be punished if he tells the truth. Alternate translation: "he does not dare to testify under oath" or 2) people do not know who the thief is but they call on God to curse the thief, and the "one who shares" is afraid to confess and so come out from under the curse because he is afraid of the thief. Alternate translation: "he says nothing even after people have cursed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/25.md b/pro/29/25.md index e52d26c64c..c49bf089b9 100644 --- a/pro/29/25.md +++ b/pro/29/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a trap that catches animals with ropes # the one who trusts in Yahweh will be protected This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will protect the one who trusts in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/26.md b/pro/29/26.md index 469e25788c..3075db1e7e 100644 --- a/pro/29/26.md +++ b/pro/29/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "face" is a metonym for the ruler listening to people telling him what # from Yahweh is justice for a person It is Yahweh, not human rulers, who will see that people treat a person justly. The abstract noun "justice" can be stated as "just." Alternate translation: "it is Yahweh who is truly just towards a person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/29/27.md b/pro/29/27.md index 2aae69433e..d0924bd4ae 100644 --- a/pro/29/27.md +++ b/pro/29/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an abomination a person whom others should hate. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md). - diff --git a/pro/29/intro.md b/pro/29/intro.md index 3c0c9256d2..faa96be0d7 100644 --- a/pro/29/intro.md +++ b/pro/29/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Proverbs 29 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 29 concludes the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. +Chapter 29 concludes the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Themes +### Themes There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including cont * __[Proverbs 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/30/01.md b/pro/30/01.md index 7244bb7160..2f0209fd75 100644 --- a/pro/30/01.md +++ b/pro/30/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a metaphor for a message that is very important because it comes from Go # to Ithiel, to Ithiel and Ucal "to Ithiel—that is, to Ithiel and Ucal" - diff --git a/pro/30/02.md b/pro/30/02.md index 8323e9823e..6546885fa5 100644 --- a/pro/30/02.md +++ b/pro/30/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I do not have the understanding of a human being The abstract noun "understanding" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "I do not understand anything the way human beings are supposed to understand them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/03.md b/pro/30/03.md index 115b9725c1..5c2d835b9a 100644 --- a/pro/30/03.md +++ b/pro/30/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nor do I have knowledge of the Holy One The abstract noun "knowledge" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "nor do I really know anything about the Holy One" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/04.md b/pro/30/04.md index bf3641b716..88c734cea2 100644 --- a/pro/30/04.md +++ b/pro/30/04.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The writer uses these questions to command the reader to give an answer. Alterna # Surely you know! The writer uses irony to show that neither he nor the reader know any person who can do what the "who" in the earlier questions can do. Alternate translation: "I do not think you really know anyone who can do those things." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/05.md b/pro/30/05.md index fbb5eec4b4..108859ee2f 100644 --- a/pro/30/05.md +++ b/pro/30/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Words are spoken of as if they were metals that need someone to clean the bad pa # he is a shield to those who take refuge in him The word "shield" is a metaphor for something that protects a person. Alternate translation: "he protects those who come and ask him to protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/06.md b/pro/30/06.md index 72dcb12b60..5c0a13c4ad 100644 --- a/pro/30/06.md +++ b/pro/30/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ say more than he has said # you will be proved to be This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "he will prove that you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/07.md b/pro/30/07.md index 2f6c9c87a0..0b97316edf 100644 --- a/pro/30/07.md +++ b/pro/30/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Many translations understand this to be the beginning of a prayer. # of you "of you, Yahweh" - diff --git a/pro/30/08.md b/pro/30/08.md index fe8576645e..649ec81ab9 100644 --- a/pro/30/08.md +++ b/pro/30/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks as if "poverty" and "riches" were physical objects that someon # the food that is my portion "the food that is properly mine" or "the food that you, Yahweh, have assigned to me" - diff --git a/pro/30/09.md b/pro/30/09.md index b4d654eaca..3819c6027f 100644 --- a/pro/30/09.md +++ b/pro/30/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This describes a situation that has not happened but is possible if the writer b # I might steal and profane the name of my God "I might steal things and that would cause people to think badly about God" or "I might harm God's reputation by stealing" - diff --git a/pro/30/10.md b/pro/30/10.md index e07d42d608..c1cfe31c70 100644 --- a/pro/30/10.md +++ b/pro/30/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ speak falsely about another person with the desire to harm him # you will be held guilty This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will hold you guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/11.md b/pro/30/11.md index c27dab194f..75865547d9 100644 --- a/pro/30/11.md +++ b/pro/30/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a generation that curses ... and does not bless "a generation of people who curse ... and do not bless" - diff --git a/pro/30/12.md b/pro/30/12.md index e055bc18f9..0b8d03de55 100644 --- a/pro/30/12.md +++ b/pro/30/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "washed" and "filth" speak of God forgiving people who sin as if he we # filth This should be translated with a polite term that includes human or animal vomit and waste. - diff --git a/pro/30/13.md b/pro/30/13.md index ee3883596b..00888fafe3 100644 --- a/pro/30/13.md +++ b/pro/30/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # eyes are raised up ... their eyelids lifted up This describes people who think that they are better than other people. Their eyes show that they are proud, and the way they look at others shows that they think they are better than those other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/14.md b/pro/30/14.md index 3de1a8405b..2672d437e4 100644 --- a/pro/30/14.md +++ b/pro/30/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor for being cruel and treating poor and needy people cruelly, l # jawbones the bones of the face where teeth grow - diff --git a/pro/30/15.md b/pro/30/15.md index 3c101b6d7d..cb723f967a 100644 --- a/pro/30/15.md +++ b/pro/30/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This use of the numbers "three" and "four" together here is likely a poetic devi # are never satisfied This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "always want more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/16.md b/pro/30/16.md index 004462fd79..65ebec46f1 100644 --- a/pro/30/16.md +++ b/pro/30/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # land that is never satisfied with water Land that is no longer producing food because there has been no rain is spoken of as if it were a person who does not have enough water to drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/17.md b/pro/30/17.md index fe5d9f9430..382d32bdca 100644 --- a/pro/30/17.md +++ b/pro/30/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ large, shiny, black birds that eat plants and dead animals # vultures any one of several large birds that eat dead animals and have small, featherless heads - diff --git a/pro/30/18.md b/pro/30/18.md index cc9f17310d..e3238109ff 100644 --- a/pro/30/18.md +++ b/pro/30/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There are three things that are ... four that I do not understand: The use of the numbers "three" and "four" here is likely a poetic device. Alternate translation: "There are some things that are too wonderful for me that I do not understand—four of them are:" - diff --git a/pro/30/19.md b/pro/30/19.md index cc4f9f6dfc..035d205361 100644 --- a/pro/30/19.md +++ b/pro/30/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the heart of the sea The "heart" refers to the middle. Alternate translation: "in the middle of the sea" or "on the open sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/20.md b/pro/30/20.md index c5a2cc8006..202c552b05 100644 --- a/pro/30/20.md +++ b/pro/30/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she eats and she wipes her mouth This seems to be both a euphemism and a metaphor for committing adultery and then taking a bath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/21.md b/pro/30/21.md index b25400395c..05c8417ff4 100644 --- a/pro/30/21.md +++ b/pro/30/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Under three things the earth trembles, and under four it cannot bear up The use of the numbers "three" and "four" here is likely a poetic device. "There are some things that make the earth tremble, that it cannot endure. Four of these are:" - diff --git a/pro/30/22.md b/pro/30/22.md index 8f8101561e..0d01c6e2c2 100644 --- a/pro/30/22.md +++ b/pro/30/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a fool when he is filled with food This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "a fool who has had enough to eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/30/23.md b/pro/30/23.md index d4d2d47798..a90e9b6581 100644 --- a/pro/30/23.md +++ b/pro/30/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the slave girl is able to rule over the wife and childr # mistress This is the female form of "master," so it refers to the wife of the man of the house. - diff --git a/pro/30/24.md b/pro/30/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/30/24.md +++ b/pro/30/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/30/25.md b/pro/30/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/30/25.md +++ b/pro/30/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/30/26.md b/pro/30/26.md index 6c352fb763..76f837b81d 100644 --- a/pro/30/26.md +++ b/pro/30/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rock badgers an animal with small, rounded ears, short legs, and no tail - diff --git a/pro/30/27.md b/pro/30/27.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/30/27.md +++ b/pro/30/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/30/28.md b/pro/30/28.md index 31024d26a2..45f5307b29 100644 --- a/pro/30/28.md +++ b/pro/30/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lizard a small reptile that has four legs, a long, slender body, and a tail - diff --git a/pro/30/29.md b/pro/30/29.md index 00adf9d75d..955e723197 100644 --- a/pro/30/29.md +++ b/pro/30/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The use of the numbers "three" and "four" here is likely a poetic device. Altern # stately majestic or dignified, like a king - diff --git a/pro/30/30.md b/pro/30/30.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/30/30.md +++ b/pro/30/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/30/31.md b/pro/30/31.md index f604bc421d..9743a81161 100644 --- a/pro/30/31.md +++ b/pro/30/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # strutting rooster an adult male chicken that walks proudly - diff --git a/pro/30/32.md b/pro/30/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/30/32.md +++ b/pro/30/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/30/33.md b/pro/30/33.md index ff5a99cba6..e004097510 100644 --- a/pro/30/33.md +++ b/pro/30/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ strongly stirring # butter Animal milk that someone has stirred and made thick. - diff --git a/pro/30/intro.md b/pro/30/intro.md index ecb53c9729..b2555467a3 100644 --- a/pro/30/intro.md +++ b/pro/30/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Proverbs 30 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapter 30 is a chapter in Proverbs attributed to Agur, who is a person otherwise unknown. +Chapter 30 is a chapter in Proverbs attributed to Agur, who is a person otherwise unknown. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Agur +## Special concepts in this chapter -His full title is Agur, Son of Jakeh. Agur comes from a Hebrew word that means "gatherer" and so some scholars believe this is not a real name, but possibly a way of referring to Solomon as a gatherer of proverbs. However, it is still prudent to simply use this as a name. +### Agur -#### Three things and four +His full title is Agur, Son of Jakeh. Agur comes from a Hebrew word that means "gatherer" and so some scholars believe this is not a real name, but possibly a way of referring to Solomon as a gatherer of proverbs. However, it is still prudent to simply use this as a name. + +### Three things and four From verses 15 through 32, the author uses a specific technique to explain some things. He says there are three things and even four and lists items that exemplify a feature like "small and yet wise." The numbering is not meant to be so literal, but as a memory device that introduces the items. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -#### Themes +### Themes + The sayings of Agur address several themes including the wisdom of God compared to human wisdom (30:1-6), wicked people (30:11-14), things that are never satisfied (30:15-16), things too amazing for Agur to understand (30:18-19), things that are small but wise (30:24-28), and things that walk in a strong and proud way (30:29-31). ## Links: @@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ The sayings of Agur address several themes including the wisdom of God compared * __[Proverbs 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/pro/31/01.md b/pro/31/01.md index 01eca2427c..ce496a341a 100644 --- a/pro/31/01.md +++ b/pro/31/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a burden This phrase is a metaphor for an important message. Alternate translation: "an important message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/02.md b/pro/31/02.md index 344fda19e2..ec326d7549 100644 --- a/pro/31/02.md +++ b/pro/31/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The womb is a synecdoche for the person. It is best to use a polite term for the # son of my vows The "vows" could be 1) the mother's marriage vows or 2) a vow after she married that if God allowed her to have a child she would dedicate him to God. - diff --git a/pro/31/03.md b/pro/31/03.md index 37a8c231ed..7f2d9985be 100644 --- a/pro/31/03.md +++ b/pro/31/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the way you live your life" or 2) "the work you do" # those who destroy kings probably the immoral "women" to whom he is not to give his strength - diff --git a/pro/31/04.md b/pro/31/04.md index 9a1691942c..0b2e4aa495 100644 --- a/pro/31/04.md +++ b/pro/31/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lemuel This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 31:1](../31/01.md). - diff --git a/pro/31/05.md b/pro/31/05.md index db4db97d86..52b041f719 100644 --- a/pro/31/05.md +++ b/pro/31/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ exchange good for evil # all the afflicted "all those people whom others wrongfully harm" - diff --git a/pro/31/06.md b/pro/31/06.md index 29220ae4f8..ed28a4ff75 100644 --- a/pro/31/06.md +++ b/pro/31/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: "and give wine" (See: [[rc # in bitter distress "who's souls are bitter" or "who are in misery" - diff --git a/pro/31/07.md b/pro/31/07.md index 81f4cb818b..1228b725f5 100644 --- a/pro/31/07.md +++ b/pro/31/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "poverty" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate transla # his trouble The abstract noun "trouble" can be translated as a clause. Alternate translation: "the bad things that are happening to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/08.md b/pro/31/08.md index f0a46af58a..dc41d62406 100644 --- a/pro/31/08.md +++ b/pro/31/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The cause represents the person whose cause it is. Alternate translation: "so th # for the causes The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: "speak for the causes" or "speak out for" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/09.md b/pro/31/09.md index 8fd7d7aca8..b3a7a967f9 100644 --- a/pro/31/09.md +++ b/pro/31/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # poor and needy people These two words have basically the same meaning and are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: "people who are poor and cannot get the things that they need" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/10.md b/pro/31/10.md index 00a20a4bc0..8458f40edd 100644 --- a/pro/31/10.md +++ b/pro/31/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer asks a question to show that he is beginning a new section. Alternate # Her value is far more than jewels "She is more precious than jewels" - diff --git a/pro/31/11.md b/pro/31/11.md index c256981daa..20b844ffa6 100644 --- a/pro/31/11.md +++ b/pro/31/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will never be poor This litotes can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "he will always have what he needs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/12.md b/pro/31/12.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/pro/31/12.md +++ b/pro/31/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/pro/31/13.md b/pro/31/13.md index 75edb95987..076cc94e7c 100644 --- a/pro/31/13.md +++ b/pro/31/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a plant whose fiber is used to make linen # with the delight of her hands Possible meanings are that the word "delight" describes 1) how she feels as she works, "gladly with her hands," or 2) how she feels about the wool and flax, "with her hands on things that she enjoys working with" - diff --git a/pro/31/14.md b/pro/31/14.md index 647fc58360..540d48293d 100644 --- a/pro/31/14.md +++ b/pro/31/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # merchant someone who buys and sells - diff --git a/pro/31/15.md b/pro/31/15.md index 2fd0024f66..f05485d7a7 100644 --- a/pro/31/15.md +++ b/pro/31/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # distributes portions to her female servants Possible meanings are 1) "gives the right amount of food to her female servants" or 2) "tells her female servants what work each of them is to do that day." - diff --git a/pro/31/16.md b/pro/31/16.md index bad38f4038..335e1b3dde 100644 --- a/pro/31/16.md +++ b/pro/31/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the fruit of her hands The money she has earned from the work she did with wool and flax ([Proverbs 31:13](../31/13.md)) is spoken of as if it were fruit growing off a tree. The hands are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "the money she has earned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/17.md b/pro/31/17.md index 6915912ffd..fea80db513 100644 --- a/pro/31/17.md +++ b/pro/31/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Putting on clothes is a metonym for preparing for work. Alternate translation: " # makes her arms strong "she strengthens her arms by doing her work" - diff --git a/pro/31/18.md b/pro/31/18.md index 01f2276062..49177c4467 100644 --- a/pro/31/18.md +++ b/pro/31/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all night long her lamp is not extinguished This is probably an exaggeration: she works late into the night, but not from dusk to dawn. Alternate translation: "She burns a lamp through the night as she works" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/19.md b/pro/31/19.md index 94806a4955..997cf32f99 100644 --- a/pro/31/19.md +++ b/pro/31/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spindle a thin rod or stick with pointed ends that is used in making thread - diff --git a/pro/31/20.md b/pro/31/20.md index 4c5a4397a5..74f8c870ac 100644 --- a/pro/31/20.md +++ b/pro/31/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The hand is a metonym for the help the woman uses her hand to give. Alternate tr # reaches out with her hands to These words translate the same words translated "puts her hands on" in [Proverbs 31:19](../31/19.md). - diff --git a/pro/31/21.md b/pro/31/21.md index 250c6c3290..69186b1b0c 100644 --- a/pro/31/21.md +++ b/pro/31/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "scarlet" does not refer to the color of the cloth, but that the clothing i # scarlet The color red, but with a hint of orange. - diff --git a/pro/31/22.md b/pro/31/22.md index 77182fb552..129daa4d5b 100644 --- a/pro/31/22.md +++ b/pro/31/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # linen cloth made of flax yarn - diff --git a/pro/31/23.md b/pro/31/23.md index b23a08f5f1..abe9c7f42e 100644 --- a/pro/31/23.md +++ b/pro/31/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. The verb "know" is a metonym for respect. # when he sits with the elders of the land to make laws and settle arguments - diff --git a/pro/31/24.md b/pro/31/24.md index 9521a3bebc..78838f6fe3 100644 --- a/pro/31/24.md +++ b/pro/31/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ cloth made from flax yarn # sashes long pieces of cloth worn around the waist or over one shoulder - diff --git a/pro/31/25.md b/pro/31/25.md index 9a38ef5b98..f636c8944e 100644 --- a/pro/31/25.md +++ b/pro/31/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Having strength and honor is spoken of as if the woman were wearing them. This c # laughs at the future This is probably an exaggeration to show that she is not afraid. Alternate translation: "is not afraid of what will happen in the future" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/26.md b/pro/31/26.md index dda586a1cf..76d55c3d52 100644 --- a/pro/31/26.md +++ b/pro/31/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The act of opening her mouth is a metonym for speaking. The abstract noun "wisdo # the law of kindness is on her tongue The phrase "on her tongue" refers to her speaking, as the tongue is part of the mouth. The phrase "the law of kindness" refers to her teaching people to be kind. Alternate translation: "she teaches people to be kind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/27.md b/pro/31/27.md index 28f856afc6..266b8b6556 100644 --- a/pro/31/27.md +++ b/pro/31/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To "eat the bread of" something means to do something. Alternate translation: "s # idleness doing nothing and being lazy - diff --git a/pro/31/28.md b/pro/31/28.md index 9e01c9922a..03da427616 100644 --- a/pro/31/28.md +++ b/pro/31/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) literally "stand up and" or 2) as a metonym, "actively. # call her blessed saying that good things have happened to her because she has done good things. This can be translated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "congratulate her" or "say, 'Yay, Mom!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/29.md b/pro/31/29.md index 7efcc8c3b7..4af06cfbe7 100644 --- a/pro/31/29.md +++ b/pro/31/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you surpassed "you have done better than" - diff --git a/pro/31/30.md b/pro/31/30.md index c1100c24b6..39228330d3 100644 --- a/pro/31/30.md +++ b/pro/31/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "beauty" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translat # she will be praised This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will praise her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/31.md b/pro/31/31.md index 0083b57513..4ae6a9ceb3 100644 --- a/pro/31/31.md +++ b/pro/31/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The money she has earned from the work she did with wool and flax ([Proverbs 31: # let her works praise her in the gates She will be praised for her works, not by her works. Those "in the gates" are the important people of the city who conduct business and legal affairs near the gates of the city. Alternate translation: "may the important people of the city praise her because of the works she has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/pro/31/intro.md b/pro/31/intro.md index 8f86dc0d9b..e74a9e3987 100644 --- a/pro/31/intro.md +++ b/pro/31/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Proverbs 31 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Chapter 31 begins with 9 verses from King Lemuel. The last portion of this chapter is a poem about a godly wife. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) -#### King Lemuel +### King Lemuel -This person is unknown in Scripture, other than here. It is important to recognize that the words in this chapter are words of his mother addressed to him. They are formed like advice of a mother to her son. +This person is unknown in Scripture, other than here. It is important to recognize that the words in this chapter are words of his mother addressed to him. They are formed like advice of a mother to her son. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### An acrostic poem +### An acrostic poem -Verse 10 through 31 is tightly formed as a poem in the original language. There are 22 lines in the Hebrew language that each begin with a successive letter of the alphabet. However, each language will have a different set of letters. Therefore, it is important to realize this was a single composition with a single theme of a noble or godly wife. +Verse 10 through 31 is tightly formed as a poem in the original language. There are 22 lines in the Hebrew language that each begin with a successive letter of the alphabet. However, each language will have a different set of letters. Therefore, it is important to realize this was a single composition with a single theme of a noble or godly wife. + +### Themes -#### Themes King Lemuel advice to his son addresses themes of avoiding drinks with alcohol and of being fair and righteous (31:1-9). The final section about the godly wife addresses several themes, including the great value of a godly wife (30:10-12), her hard work (31:13-19), her generosity (31:20), her care for her family (31:21-23), and her dignity, wisdom, and fear of the Lord (31:25-31). ## Links: @@ -22,4 +23,3 @@ King Lemuel advice to his son addresses themes of avoiding drinks with alcohol a * __[Proverbs 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../30/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/pro/front/intro.md b/pro/front/intro.md index 8b56d37a23..e7248f6c7d 100644 --- a/pro/front/intro.md +++ b/pro/front/intro.md @@ -38,9 +38,8 @@ Proverbs begins with the words, "The Proverbs of Solomon, son of David and King ### What form do the individual proverbs have? -Most proverbs have two parts or two lines that are "parallel" to each other. The second part may strengthen the first, may give more details about the first, or may even say what seems the opposite of the first. Translators should take into account that each proverb is also part of a larger group of proverbs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) +Most proverbs have two parts or two lines that are "parallel" to each other. The second part may strengthen the first, may give more details about the first, or may even say what seems the opposite of the first. Translators should take into account that each proverb is also part of a larger group of proverbs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) ### How should personification be represented in translation? In Proverbs, certain qualities such as wisdom and understanding are often represented as if they were wise women, as in [Proverbs 3:15-18](../03/15.md), [Proverbs 4:6-9](../04/06.md), and elsewhere. In languages where it is possible for a woman figure to represent these qualities, the translator should translate in this way. However, in many languages this kind of direct translation is not possible. In such a case, the translator may be able to translate these personifications as similes instead. This means they would present wisdom or understanding as being like a wise woman whom people should obey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/001/001.md b/psa/001/001.md index 75180015cf..191b9b987f 100644 --- a/psa/001/001.md +++ b/psa/001/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "pathway" represents the way people live. The word "stand" is in p # or sit in the assembly of mockers Sitting with people who mock God represents joining people who mock God. Alternate translation: "or join those who mock God" or "or mock God with others who mock him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/001/002.md b/psa/001/002.md index af054dca0b..8d0bb0cc1e 100644 --- a/psa/001/002.md +++ b/psa/001/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "delight" is an abstract noun that can be stated as a verb. A person wh # Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. - diff --git a/psa/001/003.md b/psa/001/003.md index aee1d06620..139245ccd4 100644 --- a/psa/001/003.md +++ b/psa/001/003.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ If a tree gets enough water, its leaves do not dry out and die. # whatever he does will prosper "He will be successful at whatever he does" - diff --git a/psa/001/004.md b/psa/001/004.md index 52628b4c61..a818fd556c 100644 --- a/psa/001/004.md +++ b/psa/001/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ How they are not like that can be stated clearly. "The wicked are not prosperous # but are like the chaff How they are like chaff can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "but are worthless like the chaff" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/001/005.md b/psa/001/005.md index 3c4c775068..10b8e1e025 100644 --- a/psa/001/005.md +++ b/psa/001/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Translators can supply the verb "stand." Alternate translation: "neither will si # nor sinners in the assembly of the righteous Being accepted by God as righteous is spoken of as standing with the group of righteous people. Alternate translation: "and God will not accept sinners along with the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/001/006.md b/psa/001/006.md index 25d472e10b..381baa6778 100644 --- a/psa/001/006.md +++ b/psa/001/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ How people live is spoken of as if it were a "way" or "road" that they are walki # the way of the wicked will perish How people live and what they do is spoken of as if it were a "way" or "road" that they walk on. Possible meanings are 1) the way perishing represents the wicked perishing because of how they live. Alternate translation: "The wicked will die because of how they live" or 2) the way perishing is a metaphor for no longer being able to live the way they do. Alternate translation: "the wicked will no longer be able to live the way they live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/001/intro.md b/psa/001/intro.md index fdedf786db..955a641e5f 100644 --- a/psa/001/intro.md +++ b/psa/001/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # Psalm 001 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 1 is usually considered to be a "wisdom psalm," which gives advice to those who hear it read or sung. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Blessed -#### Blessed A main theme in this psalm is what it means to be blessed. Here "blessed" refers to anyone who is well off because of a good relationship to God. The contrasting theme is that there are ungodly people, those who refuse to honor God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) -#### People who opposed Yahweh +### People who opposed Yahweh -There are several words in this psalm for those who oppose God: "the wicked" (those who do evil), "sinners" (those who ignore God's law), and "mockers" (those who mock God and the righteous people). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) +There are several words in this psalm for those who oppose God: "the wicked" (those who do evil), "sinners" (those who ignore God's law), and "mockers" (those who mock God and the righteous people). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +20,3 @@ There are several words in this psalm for those who oppose God: "the wicked" (th * __[Psalms intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../002/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/002/001.md b/psa/002/001.md index b0f36710ae..2784d60eb1 100644 --- a/psa/002/001.md +++ b/psa/002/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This represents either the leaders or the people of the nations. (See: [[rc://en # vain plans These are probably plots against God and his people. - diff --git a/psa/002/002.md b/psa/002/002.md index 42eeca721a..52c0d1882e 100644 --- a/psa/002/002.md +++ b/psa/002/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two clauses have similar meanings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paralle # take their stand together ... take counsel together These phrases have similar meanings, implying that the leaders stand together in order to fight against Yahweh and his Messiah. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "gather to fight ... plan together to revolt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/002/003.md b/psa/002/003.md index c12aafb527..1c9a52222a 100644 --- a/psa/002/003.md +++ b/psa/002/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let us tear off the shackles ... throw off their chains The people of other nations speak of Yahweh and the Messiah's rule over them as if it were shackles and chains. Alternate translation: "We should free ourselves from their control; we should not let them rule over us any longer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/002/004.md b/psa/002/004.md index 107c98b286..f093af9f0c 100644 --- a/psa/002/004.md +++ b/psa/002/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here sitting represents ruling. What he sits on can be stated clearly. Alternate # the Lord mocks them "the Lord mocks those people." Why he mocks them can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "The Lord mocks them for their foolish plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/002/005.md b/psa/002/005.md index efcb7c379f..90f3767586 100644 --- a/psa/002/005.md +++ b/psa/002/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "rage" can be stated as "furious." Alternate translation: "he # terrify greatly frighten - diff --git a/psa/002/006.md b/psa/002/006.md index 29c6aa6c73..925184a1ae 100644 --- a/psa/002/006.md +++ b/psa/002/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is emphasizing that he, and not someone else, has set his king in place. # set my king in place "appointed my king to rule" - diff --git a/psa/002/007.md b/psa/002/007.md index a3584add7c..7b856b1dc7 100644 --- a/psa/002/007.md +++ b/psa/002/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The person saying this is the king. This can be stated clearly. Alternate transl # You are my son! This day I have become your Father Among many peoples in that part of the world then, men could decide to legally adopt children, who would become their heirs. Here Yahweh adopts a man and makes him king of Israel. Alternate translation: "I make you my son. This day I have become your Father" or "Now you are my son and am your Father" - diff --git a/psa/002/008.md b/psa/002/008.md index 366aa73e25..574af408ce 100644 --- a/psa/002/008.md +++ b/psa/002/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These phrases express very similar ideas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parall # the ends of the earth "the lands that are very far away" - diff --git a/psa/002/009.md b/psa/002/009.md index 141fa26d69..af1c57d10b 100644 --- a/psa/002/009.md +++ b/psa/002/009.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Destroying nations is spoken of as if they could be smashed like a clay jar. Alt # a jar of a potter A potter is a person who makes clay pots and jars. These are fragile and can be broken easily. Alternate translation: "a clay jar" or "a clay pot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/psa/002/010.md b/psa/002/010.md index ebf1f0a463..e5f9bcac09 100644 --- a/psa/002/010.md +++ b/psa/002/010.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "listen to this c # judges of the earth -"powerful people who govern the nations on earth" \ No newline at end of file +"powerful people who govern the nations on earth" diff --git a/psa/002/011.md b/psa/002/011.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/002/011.md +++ b/psa/002/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/002/012.md b/psa/002/012.md index d8db0d5d9a..9edcf2875f 100644 --- a/psa/002/012.md +++ b/psa/002/012.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The king's anger is spoken of as if it were a fire that could burn. Alternate tr # seek refuge in him Asking the king for protection is spoken of as seeking refuge in him. Alternate translation: "ask the king to protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/002/intro.md b/psa/002/intro.md index 71fcac8390..b3469c0cdf 100644 --- a/psa/002/intro.md +++ b/psa/002/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Psalm 002 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 2 is usually considered a royal psalm because it is about the king. It was probably first sung when a new person became the king. It is often thought to be about the Messiah because of verse 6 and 7 reference the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofgod]]) +Psalm 2 is usually considered a royal psalm because it is about the king. It was probably first sung when a new person became the king. It is often thought to be about the Messiah because of verse 6 and 7 reference the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofgod]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's protection +### Yahweh's protection The main theme of this psalm is that God is protecting and empowering the king he has appointed and that it is useless for the foreign nations to oppose God and his king. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor "Today I have begotten you" here is a metaphor meaning that God acknowledges the king as his special person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The main theme of this psalm is that God is protecting and empowering the king h * __[Psalms 2:1](../../psa/002/001.md)__ __[<<](../001/intro.md) | [>>](../003/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/003/001.md b/psa/003/001.md index 1ed5999ed9..2dd699038a 100644 --- a/psa/003/001.md +++ b/psa/003/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David, when he fled from Absalom his son -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # A psalm of David @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This exclamation shows that David is afraid of his enemies. Alternate translatio # have risen against me Fighting against someone is spoken of as rising against him. Alternate translation: "come against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/003/002.md b/psa/003/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/003/002.md +++ b/psa/003/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/003/003.md b/psa/003/003.md index 8ec67c1b97..309c64729d 100644 --- a/psa/003/003.md +++ b/psa/003/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A shield protects a soldier. David speaks as if God were a shield protecting him # the one who lifts up my head "you are the one who lifts up my head." Giving someone courage is spoken of as lifting up his head. Alternate translation: "the one who encourages me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/003/004.md b/psa/003/004.md index 6776394f0b..d46d5e6da8 100644 --- a/psa/003/004.md +++ b/psa/003/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I lift up my voice Using one's voice to cry out is spoken as as lifting up his voice. Alternate translation: "I cry out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/003/005.md b/psa/003/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/003/005.md +++ b/psa/003/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/003/006.md b/psa/003/006.md index fc6efcf88f..dbf52aea5a 100644 --- a/psa/003/006.md +++ b/psa/003/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have set themselves against me on every side "have surrounded me to destroy me" - diff --git a/psa/003/007.md b/psa/003/007.md index f252663740..551de35950 100644 --- a/psa/003/007.md +++ b/psa/003/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a way of insulting people. David speaks as if Yahweh would come and phy # you will break the teeth of the wicked Animals attack with their teeth. Breaking their teeth takes away their power to attack. David speaks as if Yahweh would come and physically fight against the wicked. Alternate translation: "you will make the wicked unable to harm me like someone breaking the teeth of a ferocious animal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/003/008.md b/psa/003/008.md index 4bf5a7b6e0..11f102d03e 100644 --- a/psa/003/008.md +++ b/psa/003/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Salvation comes from Yahweh The abstract noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verb "save." Alternate translation: "Yahweh saves his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/003/intro.md b/psa/003/intro.md index 6166f6ed47..4c00f63da9 100644 --- a/psa/003/intro.md +++ b/psa/003/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 003 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 3 is a psalm of deliverance. It is a morning song intended to be sung in the temple accompanied by musical instruments during morning worship. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's protection -#### Yahweh's protection Although the psalmist has many enemies and is saying he is without help, God is protecting him and delivering him from danger. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Although the psalmist has many enemies and is saying he is without help, God is * __[Psalms 3:1](../../psa/003/001.md)__ __[<<](../002/intro.md) | [>>](../004/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/004/001.md b/psa/004/001.md index 5d46ce6bd7..c583d2dde7 100644 --- a/psa/004/001.md +++ b/psa/004/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # For the chief musician; on stringed instruments. A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # For the chief musician @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # give me room when I am hemmed in Being in danger is spoken of as being in a narrow space. Alternate translation: "rescue me when I am in danger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/004/002.md b/psa/004/002.md index 0f1c358df3..dc32bccdae 100644 --- a/psa/004/002.md +++ b/psa/004/002.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ David uses this question to rebuke his enemies. Alternate translation: "You cont # love what is worthless ... seek after lies These two phrases are very similar in meaning. The lies are worthless. Alternate translation: "love worthless lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/004/003.md b/psa/004/003.md index 2a3f4edad1..6fdbe55a4d 100644 --- a/psa/004/003.md +++ b/psa/004/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh has set apart the faithful ones for himself "Yahweh chooses godly people for himself" - diff --git a/psa/004/004.md b/psa/004/004.md index 8f322c1ad4..438f5b49e7 100644 --- a/psa/004/004.md +++ b/psa/004/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ shake from fear # Meditate in your heart The heart represents a person's thoughts. Thinking carefully is spoken of as meditating in one's heart. Alternate translation: "Think carefully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/004/005.md b/psa/004/005.md index e769a07b8b..b76367923f 100644 --- a/psa/004/005.md +++ b/psa/004/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # put your trust in Yahweh Here "trust" is spoken of as if it were an object that could be put somewhere. The abstract noun "trust" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "trust in Yahweh" or "trust Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/004/006.md b/psa/004/006.md index d80b85cf3e..0e7c7d0838 100644 --- a/psa/004/006.md +++ b/psa/004/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) showing something good represents bringing good things. # lift up the light of your face on us The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably towards them as if Yahweh's face shone a light on them. Alternate translation: "act favorably towards us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/004/007.md b/psa/004/007.md index 42dc3c650b..196bf2dc96 100644 --- a/psa/004/007.md +++ b/psa/004/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "gladness" is spoken of as if it is an object that can be given. The abstra # when their grain and new wine abound "New wine" may represent grapes. Alternate translation: "when they reap plentiful harvests of grain and grapes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/004/008.md b/psa/004/008.md index 41c3d755d0..3927dfbcc3 100644 --- a/psa/004/008.md +++ b/psa/004/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Peace is spoken of as if it were a place. This can be restated to remove the abs # make me safe and secure The words "safe" and "secure" mean basically the same thing and emphasize complete safety. Alternate translation: "make me completely safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/004/intro.md b/psa/004/intro.md index 1ec088981d..a66db3e9cd 100644 --- a/psa/004/intro.md +++ b/psa/004/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 004 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 4 is a psalm of deliverance. It is an evening song, intended to be sung in the temple accompanied by musical instruments during evening worship. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -#### Trust God protects all those who truly trust in him for protection. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God protects all those who truly trust in him for protection. (See: [[rc://en/tw * __[Psalms 4:1](../../psa/004/001.md)__ __[<<](../003/intro.md) | [>>](../005/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/005/001.md b/psa/005/001.md index 5b79cb3775..6d9f644c21 100644 --- a/psa/005/001.md +++ b/psa/005/001.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) -#For the chief musician; with wind instruments. A psalm of David +# For the chief musician; with wind instruments. A psalm of David This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a call for help. Alternate translation: "Listen to me as I call to you f # groanings low sounds that people make with the voice when they are suffering - diff --git a/psa/005/002.md b/psa/005/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/005/002.md +++ b/psa/005/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/005/003.md b/psa/005/003.md index adef09c9e2..a7620f6e1f 100644 --- a/psa/005/003.md +++ b/psa/005/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases are very similar in meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-p # wait expectantly "wait, expecting you to do what I ask you to do" - diff --git a/psa/005/004.md b/psa/005/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/005/004.md +++ b/psa/005/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/005/005.md b/psa/005/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/005/005.md +++ b/psa/005/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/005/006.md b/psa/005/006.md index ae4baa6c85..7adbe0cd42 100644 --- a/psa/005/006.md +++ b/psa/005/006.md @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ Since David is speaking to God in this psalm, this sentence can be stated with the word "you." Alternate translation: "Yahweh, you abhor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) -# the man of bloodshed and deceit +# the man of bloodshed and deceit The phrase "the man" here refers to any person. Alternate translation: "anyone who kills or deceives others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/psa/005/007.md b/psa/005/007.md index 1b92936a6a..880a5d062c 100644 --- a/psa/005/007.md +++ b/psa/005/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate tr # your house This refers to God's temple. Alternate translation: "your temple" - diff --git a/psa/005/008.md b/psa/005/008.md index 2ce1cf206f..cf76bc1a70 100644 --- a/psa/005/008.md +++ b/psa/005/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David speaks of righteousness as if it were a path and of teaching as leading. T # make your path straight before me David speaks of righteousness as if it were a path. A straight path is easy to see or walk on. Alternate translation: "show me clearly how to live in the right way" or "make it easy for me to do what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/005/009.md b/psa/005/009.md index d2a7d7f8a8..f6189616b1 100644 --- a/psa/005/009.md +++ b/psa/005/009.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Their throat is spoken of as if it were an open tomb, ready for dead bodies to p # their tongue The tongue represents what people say. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/005/010.md b/psa/005/010.md index dc89245dbf..3f352699c7 100644 --- a/psa/005/010.md +++ b/psa/005/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ plans to harm people # downfall This is something that causes a person to experience disasters or to lose power. Experiencing disaster or becoming less important is spoken of as falling. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/005/011.md b/psa/005/011.md index 0b78d8bf60..bad8997617 100644 --- a/psa/005/011.md +++ b/psa/005/011.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate t # those who love your name God's name represents him. Alternate translation: "those who love you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/005/012.md b/psa/005/012.md index 2f87a872e5..98fecc4e9b 100644 --- a/psa/005/012.md +++ b/psa/005/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will surround them with favor as with a shield God's favor is spoken of as if it were a shield. Alternate translation: "you will favor them and protect them as a soldier protects himself with his shield" or "because you are kind to them, you will protect them (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/005/intro.md b/psa/005/intro.md index cfce29c5f8..7f45b1022f 100644 --- a/psa/005/intro.md +++ b/psa/005/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 005 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 5 is a psalm of deliverance. Notice how the psalmist both praises God and asks him for help in defeating the wicked. It was intended to be sung accompanied by flutes. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's help -#### Yahweh's help God does not help people who do evil but he blesses those who are good and trust in him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God does not help people who do evil but he blesses those who are good and trust * __[Psalms 5:1](../../psa/005/001.md)__ __[<<](../004/intro.md) | [>>](../006/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/006/001.md b/psa/006/001.md index f2da21573a..b4546ae579 100644 --- a/psa/006/001.md +++ b/psa/006/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # set to the Sheminith style This may refer to a style of music. - diff --git a/psa/006/002.md b/psa/006/002.md index 33e0745d83..99accb799e 100644 --- a/psa/006/002.md +++ b/psa/006/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my bones are shaking The bones represent the whole body. His body may have been shaking because he was sick or extremely tired. Alternate translation: "my whole body is shaking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/006/003.md b/psa/006/003.md index 7b9f0a62b6..534c0d37ef 100644 --- a/psa/006/003.md +++ b/psa/006/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # how long will this continue? David uses this question to show that he does not want to continue feeling weak and troubled. Alternate translation: please, do not let this continue!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/006/004.md b/psa/006/004.md index 44db99a7d1..2987b0d4e9 100644 --- a/psa/006/004.md +++ b/psa/006/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David speaks of God being kind to him as God returning to him. Alternate transla # Save me because of your covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Save me because you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/006/005.md b/psa/006/005.md index 4126b9ac3e..827a82950e 100644 --- a/psa/006/005.md +++ b/psa/006/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "remembrance" represents praise. Alternate translation: "For w # In Sheol who will give you thanks? David uses this question to emphasize that no one in Sheol thanks God. Alternate translation: "No one in Sheol will give you thanks!" or "The dead cannot praise you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/006/006.md b/psa/006/006.md index cc1d8ac15f..d12610708a 100644 --- a/psa/006/006.md +++ b/psa/006/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) these are two words for the same thing or 2) the "couch # I dissolve my couch with my tears This is an exaggeration. "My couch is very wet because of my tears" or "I cry hard when I am on my couch" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/006/007.md b/psa/006/007.md index f808dd18d1..807d9a1bae 100644 --- a/psa/006/007.md +++ b/psa/006/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The ability to see is spoken of in terms of the eyes. Alternate translation: "My # from grief Grief here represents crying. Alternate translation: "from crying" or "because I cry so much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/006/008.md b/psa/006/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/006/008.md +++ b/psa/006/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/006/009.md b/psa/006/009.md index acc327a4a7..6f64e53765 100644 --- a/psa/006/009.md +++ b/psa/006/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two lines have very similar meanings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-para # Yahweh has accepted my prayer Being willing to do what David has prayed for is spoken of as accepting his prayer. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will respond to my prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/006/010.md b/psa/006/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/006/010.md +++ b/psa/006/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/006/intro.md b/psa/006/intro.md index f8c226c085..c655a479b6 100644 --- a/psa/006/intro.md +++ b/psa/006/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 006 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 6 is a deliverance psalm: a call to God for help. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trouble -#### Trouble He is in deep trouble and needs God to help him in his difficult situation. But then God hears his prayer and scatters his enemies. -#### First Person +### First Person -This psalm is written using first person making its perspective very personal. There are many uses of the first person in this Psalm. +This psalm is written using first person making its perspective very personal. There are many uses of the first person in this Psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 6:1](../../psa/006/001.md)__ __[<<](../005/intro.md) | [>>](../007/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/007/001.md b/psa/007/001.md index 377f637cac..e70777d01b 100644 --- a/psa/007/001.md +++ b/psa/007/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # take refuge in you! Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate translation: "go to you for protection!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/007/002.md b/psa/007/002.md index 724244ccbc..333b701c2e 100644 --- a/psa/007/002.md +++ b/psa/007/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David speaks of his enemies attacking him as if they would rip his body apart an # with no one else able to bring me to safety "and no one else will be able to save me" - diff --git a/psa/007/003.md b/psa/007/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/007/003.md +++ b/psa/007/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/007/004.md b/psa/007/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/007/004.md +++ b/psa/007/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/007/005.md b/psa/007/005.md index 61832ffeab..6eb09cad15 100644 --- a/psa/007/005.md +++ b/psa/007/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "my life" represents the writer. Alternate translation: "allow him to destr # lay my honor in the dust This refers to lying dead and unburied in disgrace. - diff --git a/psa/007/006.md b/psa/007/006.md index cf4d2ce319..0de2b9e442 100644 --- a/psa/007/006.md +++ b/psa/007/006.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Waking up represents starting to do something or take action. Alternate translat # for my sake "for me" or "to help me" - diff --git a/psa/007/007.md b/psa/007/007.md index d414e5f991..c6a4de3a94 100644 --- a/psa/007/007.md +++ b/psa/007/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "peoples" represents all of the armies that have gathered to attac # take once more your rightful place over them Ruling people is spoken of as being over them. Yahweh's rightful place refers either to heaven or to ruling in general. Alternate translation: "Rule over them from heaven" or "Rule over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/007/008.md b/psa/007/008.md index 623cf4bc9a..4a56cdc8c6 100644 --- a/psa/007/008.md +++ b/psa/007/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # vindicate me "show them that I am not guilty" - diff --git a/psa/007/009.md b/psa/007/009.md index f5385253b3..60c11a3f87 100644 --- a/psa/007/009.md +++ b/psa/007/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you who examine hearts and minds The hearts and minds represent people's desires and thoughts. Alternate translation: "you who know our inner thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/007/010.md b/psa/007/010.md index ce40a26272..d30119465e 100644 --- a/psa/007/010.md +++ b/psa/007/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My shield comes from God The word "shield" represents God's protection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/007/011.md b/psa/007/011.md index dca08b3d6f..ae1221a14b 100644 --- a/psa/007/011.md +++ b/psa/007/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a God who is indignant each day Who God is angry with can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "a God who is angry with the wicked every day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/007/012.md b/psa/007/012.md index 7caf0fea0c..b84b664aec 100644 --- a/psa/007/012.md +++ b/psa/007/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God will sharpen his sword and will prepare his bow for battle In verses 12 and 13, David speaks of God deciding to punish the wicked as if God were a warrior preparing to fight against them with weapons. Alternate translation: "God will take action against him like a warrior who sharpens his sword and prepares his bow for battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/007/013.md b/psa/007/013.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/007/013.md +++ b/psa/007/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/007/014.md b/psa/007/014.md index 9653d58014..1bb587ce46 100644 --- a/psa/007/014.md +++ b/psa/007/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # one who is pregnant with wickedness ... conceives destructive plans ... gives birth to harmful lies David speaks of the things that a wicked person does as if the person were pregnant and wickedness was the baby. Alternate translation: "the wicked person. He makes plans to destroy people and produces harmful lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/007/015.md b/psa/007/015.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/007/015.md +++ b/psa/007/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/007/016.md b/psa/007/016.md index 3d5096f91a..29353faa61 100644 --- a/psa/007/016.md +++ b/psa/007/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # His own destructive plans return to his own head, for his violence comes down on his own head Destruction and violence are spoken of as if they hit a person's head or fall down on it. Alternate translation: "His own destructive plans destroy him, for his violence attacks him" or "When he plans to destroy others, others destroy him; when he attacks others, others attack him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/007/017.md b/psa/007/017.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/007/017.md +++ b/psa/007/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/007/intro.md b/psa/007/intro.md index 92b9edc164..0e7bf0cccc 100644 --- a/psa/007/intro.md +++ b/psa/007/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 007 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 7 is a deliverance psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's protection -#### Yahweh's protection The author had not wronged anyone, yet his enemy was trying to attack him. But he knew that God would protect him. -#### Cush the Benjamite -Note the superscription and the specific circumstances. There is no other reference to this incident in the Scriptures. But there are references to David being opposed by those of the tribe of Benjamin during the time he was serving King Saul. +### Cush the Benjamite + +Note the superscription and the specific circumstances. There is no other reference to this incident in the Scriptures. But there are references to David being opposed by those of the tribe of Benjamin during the time he was serving King Saul. ## Links: * __[Psalms 7:1](../../psa/007/001.md)__ __[<<](../006/intro.md) | [>>](../008/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/008/001.md b/psa/008/001.md index 085eea37c2..8204e5de18 100644 --- a/psa/008/001.md +++ b/psa/008/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This may refer to a style of music. # how magnificent is your name in all the earth God's "name" represents his whole being. Alternate translation: "people all over the world know that you are very great" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/008/002.md b/psa/008/002.md index fa781727b8..1a4de9a275 100644 --- a/psa/008/002.md +++ b/psa/008/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Out of the mouth of babies and infants you have established praise Possible meanings are 1) praise is spoken of as a solid object that God takes out of babies' mouths and sets up as a defensive wall or 2) God has created the world so that true praise comes to him from babies. Alternate translation: "You have given babies and infants the ability to praise you" or "It is babies and infants who truly praise you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/008/003.md b/psa/008/003.md index 2d33952555..9366d60589 100644 --- a/psa/008/003.md +++ b/psa/008/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your heavens, the work of your fingers God's fingers represent him. Alternate translation: "the heavens, which you have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/008/004.md b/psa/008/004.md index 6fc2fd74d5..e889610780 100644 --- a/psa/008/004.md +++ b/psa/008/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These remarks have been expressed in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alt # the human race ... mankind Both of these phrases refer to people in general. - diff --git a/psa/008/005.md b/psa/008/005.md index 3022b33561..2390afc92e 100644 --- a/psa/008/005.md +++ b/psa/008/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have crowned them with glory and honor Glory and honor are spoken of as if they were crowns. The words "glory" and "honor" are similar in meaning. Alternate translation: "have given them glory and honor" or "have caused them to be like kings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/008/006.md b/psa/008/006.md index 997d3846a6..af06875715 100644 --- a/psa/008/006.md +++ b/psa/008/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The hands represent what God has done. Alternate translation: "the things that y # you have put all things under his feet Having authority to rule others or control things is spoken of as having them under one's feet. This means God gave people authority over all that he created. Alternate translation: "you have given him authority over all things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/008/007.md b/psa/008/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/008/007.md +++ b/psa/008/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/008/008.md b/psa/008/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/008/008.md +++ b/psa/008/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/008/009.md b/psa/008/009.md index c84499d1eb..03628d73d6 100644 --- a/psa/008/009.md +++ b/psa/008/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's "name" represents him or his reputation. Alternate translation: "your repu # magnificent excellent, great - diff --git a/psa/008/intro.md b/psa/008/intro.md index 2266efde26..72eeb6e22b 100644 --- a/psa/008/intro.md +++ b/psa/008/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,16 @@ # Psalm 008 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 8 is a psalm of worship and praise to God. This was to be sung by a choir. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's creation -#### Yahweh's creation God has made awesome things in the universe and has exalted humans to be rulers over this creation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/exalt]]) -#### A Little Lower than the Heavenly Beings +### A Little Lower than the Heavenly Beings [Psalms Psalm 8:4-6](./003.md) is quoted in [Hebrews 2:6-8](../../heb/02/06.md), where it is applied to Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]]) @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ God has made awesome things in the universe and has exalted humans to be rulers * __[Psalms 8:1](../../psa/008/001.md)__ __[<<](../007/intro.md) | [>>](../009/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/009/001.md b/psa/009/001.md index 0c09098fd0..febe0418a8 100644 --- a/psa/009/001.md +++ b/psa/009/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Since this song is addressed to Yahweh, Yahweh can be referred to as "you." Alte # all your marvelous deeds The noun "deeds" can be expressed with the verb "do." Alternate translation: "all the marvelous things you do" or "all the marvelous things you have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/002.md b/psa/009/002.md index 41a93af8a3..d545659466 100644 --- a/psa/009/002.md +++ b/psa/009/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will sing praise to your name Here God's name represents God. Alternate translation: "I will sing praise to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/003.md b/psa/009/003.md index 155d1c6b87..ce2f0d8fab 100644 --- a/psa/009/003.md +++ b/psa/009/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turn back "retreat" or "flee in fear" - diff --git a/psa/009/004.md b/psa/009/004.md index 3d89c98acb..cd6003aba7 100644 --- a/psa/009/004.md +++ b/psa/009/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you sit on your throne, a righteous judge Kings had authority to judge people, and they would sit on their throne when they judged. David speaks as if God were an earthly king. Alternate translation: "you judge like a king who sits on his throne, and you are righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/005.md b/psa/009/005.md index e45f584c20..e894aa2ffa 100644 --- a/psa/009/005.md +++ b/psa/009/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Causing people to be forgotten is spoken of as blotting out their name. Alternat # blotted out "erased" - diff --git a/psa/009/006.md b/psa/009/006.md index 9f6f79dad3..2fe3f23d28 100644 --- a/psa/009/006.md +++ b/psa/009/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "remembrance" is spoken of as if it were a living being that could die. Alt # All remembrance of them has perished The abstract noun "remembrance" can be expressed with the verb "remember." Alternate translation: "No one remembers them at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/007.md b/psa/009/007.md index f11e0ac145..ddeed30d0d 100644 --- a/psa/009/007.md +++ b/psa/009/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he has established his throne for justice The phrase "his throne" represents God's rule. Possible meanings are 1) "He rules in order to judge people" or "He rules over people justly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/008.md b/psa/009/008.md index 048e92cddb..ee69349146 100644 --- a/psa/009/008.md +++ b/psa/009/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two clauses express the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-para # He will judge the world with righteousness Here "the world" refers to all the people in the world. Alternate translation: "He will judge all the people of the world righteously" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/009.md b/psa/009/009.md index eabbf0f295..ccb0cd9be7 100644 --- a/psa/009/009.md +++ b/psa/009/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh also will be a stronghold for the oppressed God is spoken of as if he were a place that people could go to for safety. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will also protect the oppressed" or "Yahweh will also provide safety for those who are oppressed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/010.md b/psa/009/010.md index 5bfae14780..10220bb4ec 100644 --- a/psa/009/010.md +++ b/psa/009/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "your name" represent God. Alternate translation: "Those who know # do not abandon "do not forsake" or "do not leave" - diff --git a/psa/009/011.md b/psa/009/011.md index fe0435502b..1eb82b468a 100644 --- a/psa/009/011.md +++ b/psa/009/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # tell the nations Here "the nations" represents the people of the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/012.md b/psa/009/012.md index 1a4046870a..01714c43b8 100644 --- a/psa/009/012.md +++ b/psa/009/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What he remembers can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "For the God who # he does not forget the cry "He does not ignore the cry" - diff --git a/psa/009/013.md b/psa/009/013.md index dbf44a456e..28d9871cff 100644 --- a/psa/009/013.md +++ b/psa/009/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "see how those who # you who can snatch me from the gates of death Death is spoken of as if it were a city that had gates through which people enter it. If someone is near the gates of death, it means that he will die soon. Keeping someone from dying is spoken of as taking him away from the gates of that city. Alternate translation: "you who can rescue me from death" or "you who can keep me from dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/014.md b/psa/009/014.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/009/014.md +++ b/psa/009/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/009/015.md b/psa/009/015.md index 08f5d25844..6e2d71d852 100644 --- a/psa/009/015.md +++ b/psa/009/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People dig pits so they can catch animals that fall into them. Here digging a pi # their feet are caught in the net that they hid People hide nets so they can catch animals that get caught in them. Here hiding a net represents making plans to destroy people. Alternate translation: "they are like people who hide a net and get trapped in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/016.md b/psa/009/016.md index 1311a1513c..3825282f69 100644 --- a/psa/009/016.md +++ b/psa/009/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "wicked" is a nominal adjective that refers to any wicked person. A wicked # is ensnared "is trapped" - diff --git a/psa/009/017.md b/psa/009/017.md index 6da1c01f38..81ebcea185 100644 --- a/psa/009/017.md +++ b/psa/009/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all the nations that forget God This refers to "the wicked." - diff --git a/psa/009/018.md b/psa/009/018.md index f50b25b876..ef6ef711f2 100644 --- a/psa/009/018.md +++ b/psa/009/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not always f # nor will the hope of the oppressed be forever dashed Hopes are spoken of as if they were objects that could be broken or destroyed. Hopes being destroyed represents the things that people hope for never happening. Alternate translation: "and the oppressed will not hope forever without results" or "and someday what the oppressed hope for will happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/019.md b/psa/009/019.md index 064d75b0fd..e63b9ccc8a 100644 --- a/psa/009/019.md +++ b/psa/009/019.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here sight represents presence. Alternate translation: "in your presence" (See: # may the nations be judged in your sight This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "judge the nations in your presence" or "take the nations into your presence and punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/009/020.md b/psa/009/020.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/009/020.md +++ b/psa/009/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/009/intro.md b/psa/009/intro.md index 64fd25736d..805842919b 100644 --- a/psa/009/intro.md +++ b/psa/009/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,25 @@ # Psalm 009 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 9 is a psalm of praise. +Psalm 9 is a psalm of praise. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's protection -God is a protector. He is all-powerful and his enemies cannot withstand him. +### Yahweh's protection -#### Acrostic Psalm +God is a protector. He is all-powerful and his enemies cannot withstand him. -This psalm along with Psalm 10 form an acrostic. Which means that each unit begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. +### Acrostic Psalm -#### One Psalm or two +This psalm along with Psalm 10 form an acrostic. Which means that each unit begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. -This psalm has a superscription but Psalm 10 doesn't. This fact and the acrostic nature of the two psalms has lead some scholars to believe these two psalms may have originally been written as one psalm. +### One Psalm or two + +This psalm has a superscription but Psalm 10 doesn't. This fact and the acrostic nature of the two psalms has lead some scholars to believe these two psalms may have originally been written as one psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 9:1](../../psa/009/001.md)__ __[<<](../008/intro.md) | [>>](../010/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/010/001.md b/psa/010/001.md index 1fc60b1ac5..83714886f3 100644 --- a/psa/010/001.md +++ b/psa/010/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # Why, Yahweh, do you stand far off? Why do you hide yourself in times of trouble? The speaker uses these questions to express his distress that God has not helped him. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, it seems as though you are far away from me and you hide from me whenever I am in trouble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/002.md b/psa/010/002.md index 5a90aba4aa..cddebb6e52 100644 --- a/psa/010/002.md +++ b/psa/010/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # schemes evil plans - diff --git a/psa/010/003.md b/psa/010/003.md index 4f107b7489..8507f72c16 100644 --- a/psa/010/003.md +++ b/psa/010/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The noun "desires" can be expressed with the verb "want. "Alternate translation: # the greedy "greedy people" - diff --git a/psa/010/004.md b/psa/010/004.md index af4f1bfb1e..8d9c249fda 100644 --- a/psa/010/004.md +++ b/psa/010/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "face" here is a metonym for the person and how he thinks. Alternate tr # does not seek God Seeking God represents either 1) asking God for help or 2) thinking about God and obeying him. Alternate translation: "does not ask God for help" or "does not think about God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/005.md b/psa/010/005.md index ebb9348571..8d55f289f7 100644 --- a/psa/010/005.md +++ b/psa/010/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People snort at their enemies when they think that their enemies are weak and wo # he snorts This means that he blows air out noisily through his nose. - diff --git a/psa/010/006.md b/psa/010/006.md index d47a549ec3..4a9ae7c30c 100644 --- a/psa/010/006.md +++ b/psa/010/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This probably simply means "forever." # I will not meet adversity Experiencing adversity is spoken of as meeting it. Alternate translation: "I will not have any troubles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/007.md b/psa/010/007.md index a1940f426f..84ae8de2e6 100644 --- a/psa/010/007.md +++ b/psa/010/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What people say is spoken of as being in their mouth. Alternate translation: "He # under his tongue are mischief and evil Here the tongue represents speaking. Alternate translation: or "what he says injures and destroys people" or "he speaks words that threaten and hurt people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/008.md b/psa/010/008.md index da704c0f69..63cd1434aa 100644 --- a/psa/010/008.md +++ b/psa/010/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "he" refers to the wicked man. # his eyes look for some helpless victim The eyes represent him. Alternate translation: "he looks for some helpless victim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/009.md b/psa/010/009.md index 49e5c18a3d..7a29f3e26f 100644 --- a/psa/010/009.md +++ b/psa/010/009.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means to hide or wait with intent to harm or kill. # He catches the oppressed when he pulls in his net The writer speaks of the wicked person catching people as if he were a hunter using a net to catch animals. Alternate translation: "He catches the oppressed like a hunter that catches an animal in a net and drags it away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/010.md b/psa/010/010.md index c318ae9607..7d9c591005 100644 --- a/psa/010/010.md +++ b/psa/010/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they fall into his strong nets The writer continues to speak of the wicked person catching people as if he were a hunter, his plans were nets, and the people were animals that fall into his net. Alternate translation: "his victims are caught by his plans like animals that fall into a hunter's strong nets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/011.md b/psa/010/011.md index 3019129228..999ce98e27 100644 --- a/psa/010/011.md +++ b/psa/010/011.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Refusing to pay attention to what someone does is spoken of as covering one's fa # he will never see it "he will never see what I am doing" or "he does not care what I am doing" or "he will never punish me for what I am doing" - diff --git a/psa/010/012.md b/psa/010/012.md index 2d84501c73..0d49acf2a1 100644 --- a/psa/010/012.md +++ b/psa/010/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Starting to do something is spoken of as getting up. Alternate translation: "Do # Lift up your hand Here lifting the hand to hit someone represents punishing him. Alternate translation: "Hit him hard" or "Punish the wicked person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/013.md b/psa/010/013.md index bea88425c9..b7046a159f 100644 --- a/psa/010/013.md +++ b/psa/010/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The speaker uses this question to show that he is very sad that wicked people do # You will not hold me accountable "You will not require me to tell you why I do what I do." Holding someone accountable here represents punishing him. Alternate translation: "You will not punish me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/014.md b/psa/010/014.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/010/014.md +++ b/psa/010/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/010/015.md b/psa/010/015.md index 57fa7d0893..7fa6762890 100644 --- a/psa/010/015.md +++ b/psa/010/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words have the same meaning. You can use one word to express both concepts # Make him account for his evil deeds Making someone account for his evil deeds represents punishing him. Alternate translation: "Punish him for the evil things he has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/016.md b/psa/010/016.md index 3d068f841e..503a2c9063 100644 --- a/psa/010/016.md +++ b/psa/010/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the nations are driven out of his land This can be stated in active form. "Yahweh forces the people of other nations to leave his land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/017.md b/psa/010/017.md index e8ec4f2399..4a3d17eb3a 100644 --- a/psa/010/017.md +++ b/psa/010/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that the oppressed people cried out to God. Alternate translation: # you strengthen their heart A strong heart represents courage, and making people's hearts strong represents encouraging them. Alternate translation: "you encourage them" or "you make them confident" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/010/018.md b/psa/010/018.md index c8d64b6bb1..86df812920 100644 --- a/psa/010/018.md +++ b/psa/010/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no man ... will cause terror again "no one ... will cause people to be afraid again" - diff --git a/psa/010/intro.md b/psa/010/intro.md index 71f9f7b071..16fc6574bc 100644 --- a/psa/010/intro.md +++ b/psa/010/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,16 @@ # Psalm 010 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 10 is a psalm of deliverance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Evil people -#### Evil people The wicked people are prospering and think that God does not care. They think that he is not involved in these affairs. They destroy the innocent. The godly need God to come to their rescue and to punish the wicked people for the evil that they are doing to the good people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/innocent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]) -#### Second half of Psalm 9 +### Second half of Psalm 9 As noted in the intro to the last psalm, this one is part of an acrostic poem. This psalm covers the last half on the Hebrew alphabet. It also does not have a superscription to introduce it. However, the psalms do separate well on the subjects they address. One addresses thanksgiving and praise whereas Psalm 10 is a lament. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]]) @@ -18,4 +19,3 @@ As noted in the intro to the last psalm, this one is part of an acrostic poem. T * __[Psalms 10:1](../../psa/010/001.md)__ __[<<](../009/intro.md) | [>>](../011/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/011/001.md b/psa/011/001.md index 05d6f5bf64..28ecd23eba 100644 --- a/psa/011/001.md +++ b/psa/011/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate t # how will you say to me, "Flee like a bird to the mountain"? This question is asked to provide emphasis. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "So do not ask me to run away!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/011/002.md b/psa/011/002.md index fa203c5402..7da95cb411 100644 --- a/psa/011/002.md +++ b/psa/011/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # upright in heart Here "upright in heart" refers to godly or righteous people. - diff --git a/psa/011/003.md b/psa/011/003.md index 947033cb34..5a97e32a27 100644 --- a/psa/011/003.md +++ b/psa/011/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For if the foundations are ruined, what can the righteous do? Here "the foundations" may refer to law and order. This rhetorical question is asked to add emphasis. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Righteous people cannot do anything when evil people are not punished when they disobey the laws!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/011/004.md b/psa/011/004.md index 523980f002..63b3d487e5 100644 --- a/psa/011/004.md +++ b/psa/011/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Yahweh is represented by his "eyes." Yahweh is aware of everything that hap # children of mankind "humanity" - diff --git a/psa/011/005.md b/psa/011/005.md index d588bbc006..f22efc255f 100644 --- a/psa/011/005.md +++ b/psa/011/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do violence "hurt others" - diff --git a/psa/011/006.md b/psa/011/006.md index 2369747408..ac43b5bf0c 100644 --- a/psa/011/006.md +++ b/psa/011/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's punishment is described as if it were burning coals and sulfur from a volc # sulfur burning sulphur - diff --git a/psa/011/007.md b/psa/011/007.md index 2d7fdfd5b4..41c178ff84 100644 --- a/psa/011/007.md +++ b/psa/011/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # see his face "be in his presence" - diff --git a/psa/011/intro.md b/psa/011/intro.md index 27620a992b..db41bbef9c 100644 --- a/psa/011/intro.md +++ b/psa/011/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 011 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 11 is a worship psalm. It tells how great God is and that God delivers the good people from the evil people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice -#### Justice The wicked people try to destroy the good people but God knows everything that is being done and he saves the good people and destroys the evil people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The wicked people try to destroy the good people but God knows everything that i * __[Psalms 11:1](../../psa/011/001.md)__ __[<<](../010/intro.md) | [>>](../012/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/012/001.md b/psa/012/001.md index 148b72596f..3050f82713 100644 --- a/psa/012/001.md +++ b/psa/012/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This may refer to a style of music. See how you translated this in [Psalms 6:1]( # those who have integrity have vanished "faithful people have all vanished" - diff --git a/psa/012/002.md b/psa/012/002.md index 32ab1d12dc..16ac645bc6 100644 --- a/psa/012/002.md +++ b/psa/012/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The two occurrences of "everyone" are exaggerations, used to emphasize that this # everyone speaks with flattering lips and a double heart Here "lips" is a metonym for what people say, and "a double heart" is a metaphor for deception. Alternate translation: "everyone speaks with flattering words and deception" or "everyone praises people falsely and tells lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/012/003.md b/psa/012/003.md index 1fbd2d8a7b..9d28fbbd6d 100644 --- a/psa/012/003.md +++ b/psa/012/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "flattering lips" is a metonym for people who flatter others. Possible mean # every tongue declaring great things Here "every tongue" represents every person who declares great things. Alternate translation: "every person who boasts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/012/004.md b/psa/012/004.md index 19559ec153..305b72a244 100644 --- a/psa/012/004.md +++ b/psa/012/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the "lips" represents the people who speak. Alternate translation: "When we # who can be master over us? This rhetorical question is asked to emphasize that they believed no one could rule over them. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "no one can rule over us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/012/005.md b/psa/012/005.md index ed249c8da1..57b0304131 100644 --- a/psa/012/005.md +++ b/psa/012/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are deep sounds that people make because of pain or some strong emotion. # I will arise," says Yahweh This means Yahweh will do something to help the people. - diff --git a/psa/012/006.md b/psa/012/006.md index 0efad879ac..95629cb884 100644 --- a/psa/012/006.md +++ b/psa/012/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like silver purified in a furnace on the earth, refined seven times Yahweh's words are compared to silver that has been purified. Alternate translation: "they are without any imperfection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/012/007.md b/psa/012/007.md index 3cf2cd97ab..4d26020b1f 100644 --- a/psa/012/007.md +++ b/psa/012/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You keep them "You keep the righteous people safe" - diff --git a/psa/012/008.md b/psa/012/008.md index fce533a42c..98920b2312 100644 --- a/psa/012/008.md +++ b/psa/012/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when people everywher # children of mankind "human beings" or "people" - diff --git a/psa/012/intro.md b/psa/012/intro.md index a349555b8d..8cf1c9b190 100644 --- a/psa/012/intro.md +++ b/psa/012/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 012 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 12 is a judgment psalm, where the author asks God to judge and punish the wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh saves -#### Yahweh saves There are so many wicked people now and they are proud of their evil. But God will save the poor who call out to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]]) -#### Words -This relatively short psalm focuses on the words people use. +### Words + +This relatively short psalm focuses on the words people use. ## Links: * __[Psalms 12:1](../../psa/012/001.md)__ __[<<](../011/intro.md) | [>>](../013/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/013/001.md b/psa/013/001.md index 9b57ae40b0..4234fc34b2 100644 --- a/psa/013/001.md +++ b/psa/013/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The writer asks these question to get the reader's attention and to add emphasis # How long ... face from me? The words "your face" represent God's whole being. This rhetorical question is asked to add emphasis. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "It seems like you are hiding from me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/013/002.md b/psa/013/002.md index f6f32a1154..dffcf5383b 100644 --- a/psa/013/002.md +++ b/psa/013/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How long will my enemy triumph over me? This rhetorical question is asked to add emphasis. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Surely my enemies will not always defeat me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/013/003.md b/psa/013/003.md index 99c39e48bb..a2f8baf4d4 100644 --- a/psa/013/003.md +++ b/psa/013/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a way of asking for strength. Alternate translation: "Make me strong aga # or I will sleep in death To "sleep in death" means to die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/013/004.md b/psa/013/004.md index d8a5594b2a..738be1ee02 100644 --- a/psa/013/004.md +++ b/psa/013/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # when I am brought down "when I fall" or "when they defeat me" - diff --git a/psa/013/005.md b/psa/013/005.md index a6347da986..92d3a851c8 100644 --- a/psa/013/005.md +++ b/psa/013/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate tr # my heart rejoices in your salvation Here "my heart" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I will rejoice because you have rescued me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/013/006.md b/psa/013/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/013/006.md +++ b/psa/013/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/013/intro.md b/psa/013/intro.md index 7059cd06a5..79f31e4693 100644 --- a/psa/013/intro.md +++ b/psa/013/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 013 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 13 is a psalm of deliverance because the psalmist is calling on God to deliver him from death and his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's help -#### Yahweh's help The author needs God to help him because his enemies will rejoice if they are able to defeat him. The string of rhetorical questions is very effective at heightening the fear David is feeling. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author needs God to help him because his enemies will rejoice if they are ab * __[Psalms 13:1](../../psa/013/001.md)__ __[<<](../012/intro.md) | [>>](../014/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/014/001.md b/psa/014/001.md index 15f1d2282c..cdae3ebc9a 100644 --- a/psa/014/001.md +++ b/psa/014/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom that means to say to oneself or to think to oneself. Alternate # They are corrupt The word "they" refers to all foolish human beings who say there is no God. - diff --git a/psa/014/002.md b/psa/014/002.md index 12f47d9ae5..e095b1fcc0 100644 --- a/psa/014/002.md +++ b/psa/014/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to all humans. # who seek after him This describes those who desire to know God as if they were actually following him on a path. Alternate translation: "who desire to know him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/014/003.md b/psa/014/003.md index fd954308db..0eb03ebae7 100644 --- a/psa/014/003.md +++ b/psa/014/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They have all turned away This describes people who have rejected God as if they had stopped walking on the right path and had gone in another direction. Alternate translation: "They have all turned away from Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/014/004.md b/psa/014/004.md index 268cb572e2..a5813323e1 100644 --- a/psa/014/004.md +++ b/psa/014/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is asked to add emphasis. It can be translated as a sta # those who eat up my people This refers to those who do evil things and destroy God's people as if they were eating food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/014/005.md b/psa/014/005.md index f156bc367d..9511fd74bb 100644 --- a/psa/014/005.md +++ b/psa/014/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "they" refers to those who do evil things. # God is with the righteous generation To say that "God is with" those who are righteous means that he helps them. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "God helps those who act righteously" or "God helps those who do the right things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/014/006.md b/psa/014/006.md index b4a6302ba1..7fe4b8fc75 100644 --- a/psa/014/006.md +++ b/psa/014/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" here refers to the wicked people. # Yahweh is his refuge This speaks of the protection that Yahweh provides as if he were a shelter that one might seek in a storm. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is like a shelter of protection to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/014/007.md b/psa/014/007.md index 07a41c9b1c..f1c55f4dd6 100644 --- a/psa/014/007.md +++ b/psa/014/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the salvation of Israel" is a metonym for Yahweh, the one who saves Israel # then Jacob will rejoice and Israel will be glad These two phrases mean the same thing. Here both "Jacob" and "Israel" represent the people of Israel. The two phrases can be combined in the translation. Alternate translation: "then all the people of Israel will rejoice greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/014/intro.md b/psa/014/intro.md index 7ad5b25071..7df1586834 100644 --- a/psa/014/intro.md +++ b/psa/014/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 014 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 14 is a deliverance psalm because he is trusting God to deliver the poor. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Evil people -#### Evil people Wicked people do not even consider God when they make their plans. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) - + ## Links: * __[Psalms 14:1](../../psa/014/001.md)__ __[<<](../013/intro.md) | [>>](../015/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/015/001.md b/psa/015/001.md index d8c8b1be21..bad46480b3 100644 --- a/psa/015/001.md +++ b/psa/015/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # Who may live on your holy hill? God's "holy hill" represents God's temple, which was on Mount Zion. Alternate translation: "Who may live in your holy place?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/015/002.md b/psa/015/002.md index eea0e8230d..e0bbea9054 100644 --- a/psa/015/002.md +++ b/psa/015/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # speaks truth from his heart "speaks honestly" - diff --git a/psa/015/003.md b/psa/015/003.md index fb1a4842c3..0b0fe0013e 100644 --- a/psa/015/003.md +++ b/psa/015/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "tongue" represents what a person says. The word "he" refers to the "righeo # harm hurt - diff --git a/psa/015/004.md b/psa/015/004.md index 5c73c44ebc..80bd004318 100644 --- a/psa/015/004.md +++ b/psa/015/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The abhorrent This phrase refers to any person whom Yahweh abhors. Alternate translation: "The wicked person" or "The person who has rejected Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/psa/015/005.md b/psa/015/005.md index b3240f0ca9..48d6ac8e35 100644 --- a/psa/015/005.md +++ b/psa/015/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will never be shaken Here "to be shaken" represents not living safely any longer. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "will live in safety" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/015/intro.md b/psa/015/intro.md index 28d70cd9e1..b8f2cdaf3f 100644 --- a/psa/015/intro.md +++ b/psa/015/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 015 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 15 is a wisdom psalm telling how people who honor God should live. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Godliness -#### Godliness This psalm outlines a person who is godly and sees others from a godly perspective. There are several good actions mentioned. Such a person treats his neighbor right, does not slander him, does not take a bribe or interest from him, and keeps his promises even when it is difficult to do so. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -#### Moral Conditions for Worship +### Moral Conditions for Worship -Scholars have noted that this psalm contains a list of ten different conditions for those who want to participate in worship at the temple. The list consists of three positives in verse 2, 3 negatives in verse 3, two positives in verse 4, followed by two negatives in verse 5. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) - - +Scholars have noted that this psalm contains a list of ten different conditions for those who want to participate in worship at the temple. The list consists of three positives in verse 2, 3 negatives in verse 3, two positives in verse 4, followed by two negatives in verse 5. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) ## Links: * __[Psalms 15:1](../../psa/015/001.md)__ __[<<](../014/intro.md) | [>>](../016/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/016/001.md b/psa/016/001.md index a804ae2088..468f984957 100644 --- a/psa/016/001.md +++ b/psa/016/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # take refuge in you Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate translation: "go to you for protection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/016/002.md b/psa/016/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/016/002.md +++ b/psa/016/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/016/003.md b/psa/016/003.md index 1ef0b6b465..8b1ef0ae31 100644 --- a/psa/016/003.md +++ b/psa/016/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the holy people who are on the earth Here "holy people" refers to God's own people who trust him. Alternate translation: "your people who live in this land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/016/004.md b/psa/016/004.md index 191467401f..b77e7e3720 100644 --- a/psa/016/004.md +++ b/psa/016/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The troubles of those # or lift up their names with my lips Lifting up their names is a metaphor for praising them, and "lips" is a metonym for what one says. Alternate translation: "or praise them with my words" or "and I will not praise their gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exmetaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/016/005.md b/psa/016/005.md index d408623b59..43d7982d04 100644 --- a/psa/016/005.md +++ b/psa/016/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here David speaks of Yahweh as if he were a cup that contains many blessings. Al # You hold onto my lot "You determine my future" or "You control what will happen to me" - diff --git a/psa/016/006.md b/psa/016/006.md index 0c5cd10793..59e811cd3f 100644 --- a/psa/016/006.md +++ b/psa/016/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are ropes that people use to measure a plot of land and mark its boundarie # surely a beautiful inheritance is mine Here David speaks of Yahweh's blessings as if they were an inheritance that he has received. Alternate translation: "I am delighted with all the things that he has given me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/016/007.md b/psa/016/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/016/007.md +++ b/psa/016/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/016/008.md b/psa/016/008.md index d4507e82c6..10784eff32 100644 --- a/psa/016/008.md +++ b/psa/016/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so I will not be shaken from his right hand This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nothing will take me away from his side" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/016/009.md b/psa/016/009.md index d32a6b7f87..6d91b21f80 100644 --- a/psa/016/009.md +++ b/psa/016/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "heart" represents the speaker's thoughts and emotions. Alternate trans # my glory is rejoicing Possible meanings are 1) the word "glory" represents the honor a person feels. Alternate translation: "I am honored to rejoice in God" or 2) the word translated "glory" really means "liver" and represents the speaker's emotions. Alternate translation: "I am rejoicing" - diff --git a/psa/016/010.md b/psa/016/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/016/010.md +++ b/psa/016/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/016/011.md b/psa/016/011.md index 42dac8e85e..1b2a22ca22 100644 --- a/psa/016/011.md +++ b/psa/016/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of "joy" as if it were a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi # in your right hand The words "right hand" indicate being in God's special presence. Alternate translation: "when I am near you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/016/intro.md b/psa/016/intro.md index c530701348..db87915a23 100644 --- a/psa/016/intro.md +++ b/psa/016/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 016 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 16 is a psalm of praise, thanking God for all his mercies. The New Testament considers this psalm to be a messianic psalm: a psalm about Christ. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Messiah -#### Messiah God has been so good to the psalmist, who will worship no other god. The New Testament considers the tenth verse to be about Christ's resurrection when it says that he is God's anointed one, and that God will not leave his body in the grave to decay. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]]) -#### Superscription -The term "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this term, but in the end no one is certain what it means. So it is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you are welcome to translate it as "psalm." +### Superscription + +The term "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this term, but in the end no one is certain what it means. So it is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you are welcome to translate it as "psalm." ## Links: * __[Psalms 16:1](../../psa/016/001.md)__ __[<<](../015/intro.md) | [>>](../017/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/017/001.md b/psa/017/001.md index 077526420a..e3c812ca36 100644 --- a/psa/017/001.md +++ b/psa/017/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # Give ear to my prayer from lips without deceit The phrase "give ear" is a metaphor for listening, and "lips without deceit" is synecdoche for a person who does not lie. Alternate translation: "Listen to my prayer for I speak without deceit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/002.md b/psa/017/002.md index 330ef819d3..35f81a59e2 100644 --- a/psa/017/002.md +++ b/psa/017/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Vindication coming from God represents God judging someone and declaring him inn # let your eyes see what is right! Here "your eyes" is synecdoche for God himself, and "see" is a metaphor for paying attention and firmly deciding to do something. Alternate translation: "please see what is right" or "do what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/003.md b/psa/017/003.md index 1a8686896d..8415b09d05 100644 --- a/psa/017/003.md +++ b/psa/017/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "test my heart" means to examine my thoughts and motives. Alternate transla # my mouth will not transgress Here the mouth is spoken of as if it were capable of acting on its own. It also represents the words that a person speaks. Alternate translation: "I will not tell lies or sin with my words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/004.md b/psa/017/004.md index d0c8c3d679..24cdb2230e 100644 --- a/psa/017/004.md +++ b/psa/017/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is at the word of your lips that I have kept myself from the ways of the lawless Here "the word of your lips" is a metonym for God's instruction, and "the ways of the lawless" is a metaphor for the things that lawless people do. Alternate translation: "it is by obeying your instruction that I have kept myself from doing the things that lawless people do" or "your instruction has caused me to avoid doing wicked things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/005.md b/psa/017/005.md index f4ab6221ae..5b05e63d51 100644 --- a/psa/017/005.md +++ b/psa/017/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these clauses mean the same thing. The repetition adds emphasis. (See: [ # my feet have not slipped The writer speaks of his obedience to God as if he were walking on a path. Alternate translation: "I am determined to follow your ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/006.md b/psa/017/006.md index b2f6469714..5e64dd7f9e 100644 --- a/psa/017/006.md +++ b/psa/017/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turn your ear to me ... listen when I speak These phrases mean the same thing. Here "your ear" refers to God's willingness to hear someone who prays to him. Alternate translation: "pay attention to me ... listen when I speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/007.md b/psa/017/007.md index bcdbe37579..091b7072b6 100644 --- a/psa/017/007.md +++ b/psa/017/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "right hand" refers to God's power. Alternate translation: "your mighty powe # take refuge in you Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate translation: "go to you for protection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/008.md b/psa/017/008.md index 12179b5f71..90bd98edf0 100644 --- a/psa/017/008.md +++ b/psa/017/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "apple of your eye" refers to something that is valuable. Alternate translat # hide me under the shadow of your wings David speaks of God's protection as if he were a bird protecting its young under its wings. Alternate translation: "Keep me safe as a mother bird protects her babies by gathering them under her wing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/009.md b/psa/017/009.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/017/009.md +++ b/psa/017/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/017/010.md b/psa/017/010.md index 9c3cbee200..afeb7e18e1 100644 --- a/psa/017/010.md +++ b/psa/017/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their mouths speak with pride Here "their mouths speak" represents his enemies when they speak. Alternate translation: "they speak with pride" or "they are always boasting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/011.md b/psa/017/011.md index 487e1684a4..36c6b0385b 100644 --- a/psa/017/011.md +++ b/psa/017/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They have surrounded my steps Here "surrounded my steps" represents how David's enemies have followed him everywhere he goes in order to capture him. Alternate translation: "My enemies have surrounded me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/012.md b/psa/017/012.md index 6415054150..17877e4de6 100644 --- a/psa/017/012.md +++ b/psa/017/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases express very similar ideas. The repetition adds intensity. (Se # They are like a lion ... like a young lion The writer feels pursued the way a lion hunts its prey (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/013.md b/psa/017/013.md index adbb59b383..90d3f6e446 100644 --- a/psa/017/013.md +++ b/psa/017/013.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # by your sword -This is a metaphor for Yahweh's power and for violent death in war. Alternate translation: "by having them die in war" or "by killing them in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +This is a metaphor for Yahweh's power and for violent death in war. Alternate translation: "by having them die in war" or "by killing them in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/psa/017/014.md b/psa/017/014.md index 4edad86c9c..0a69f9d6ea 100644 --- a/psa/017/014.md +++ b/psa/017/014.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The ancient text is hard to understand. Possible meanings are 1) "treasured" is # You will fill the bellies ... with riches Here "fill the bellies ... with riches" is a metaphor for giving them many valuable things. Possible meanings are 1) "You will give many riches to the people you love" or 2) "you will give the men of this world many riches" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/015.md b/psa/017/015.md index 01081903fd..cf11994f56 100644 --- a/psa/017/015.md +++ b/psa/017/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "face" represents Yahweh in all of his being. David is confident he will se # I will be satisfied, when I awake, with a sight of you David believes that after he dies, he will be with Yahweh. This can be made clear in the translation. Alternate translation: "After I die, I will be happy to wake up in your presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/017/intro.md b/psa/017/intro.md index 2983073c6d..71ec97a937 100644 --- a/psa/017/intro.md +++ b/psa/017/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 017 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 17 is a prayer for deliverance from all his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) +Psalm 17 is a prayer for deliverance from all his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Innocence -#### Innocence The psalmist is innocent and needs God to rescue him from these enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/innocent]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The psalmist is innocent and needs God to rescue him from these enemies. (See: [ * __[Psalms 17:1](../../psa/017/001.md)__ __[<<](../016/intro.md) | [>>](../018/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/018/001.md b/psa/018/001.md index 592c950090..2524180ec2 100644 --- a/psa/018/001.md +++ b/psa/018/001.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) David wrote the psalm or 2) the psalm is about David or # from the hand of Saul Here "hand" stands for the power of Saul. Alternate translation: "from Saul's power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/002.md b/psa/018/002.md index 2e470637cc..541db09c1c 100644 --- a/psa/018/002.md +++ b/psa/018/002.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate t # my shield, the horn of my salvation, and my stronghold David speaks of Yahweh as if he were a "shield," "the horn" of his salvation, and his "stronghold." Yahweh is the one who protects him from harm. Here a similar idea is repeated three ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/003.md b/psa/018/003.md index a6f11ccc24..c59275d880 100644 --- a/psa/018/003.md +++ b/psa/018/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will be saved from my enemies "I will be rescued from my enemies" - diff --git a/psa/018/004.md b/psa/018/004.md index 88cb446281..5227ff761f 100644 --- a/psa/018/004.md +++ b/psa/018/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David speaks of death as if it were a person who could capture him and bind him # rushing waters of worthlessness David is as helpless as if he were being carried away by a rushing flood of waters. Alternate translation: "I felt completely helpless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/005.md b/psa/018/005.md index a98e9da371..51ffa6b01d 100644 --- a/psa/018/005.md +++ b/psa/018/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The cords of Sheol surrounded me; the snares of death trapped me Here "Sheol," the place of the dead, and "death" are spoken of as if they were people who could surround and trap him. These two clauses have similar meanings and the idea is repeated for emphasis. Alternate translation: "I felt trapped and thought I was going to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/006.md b/psa/018/006.md index 6ad7d7c7b1..3e1255f836 100644 --- a/psa/018/006.md +++ b/psa/018/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here David speaks of his "cry for help" as if it were a person who could come in # it went into his ears Here David speaks of how Yahweh heard his cry for help. The idea is repeated for emphasis. Alternate translation: "he heard my appeal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/007.md b/psa/018/007.md index 317d328001..f7eb255ee4 100644 --- a/psa/018/007.md +++ b/psa/018/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "shook" and "trembled" mean basically the same thing and emphasize how # the foundations of the mountains also trembled and were shaken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the foundations of the mountains also trembled and shook" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/008.md b/psa/018/008.md index 00fd3035e8..7ab5601965 100644 --- a/psa/018/008.md +++ b/psa/018/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David speaks of Yahweh as if he were breathing fire. This is a picture of how an # blazing fire came out of his mouth. Coals were kindled by it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "blazing fire came out of his mouth and kindled coals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/009.md b/psa/018/009.md index 0707e65e52..d7b20e311e 100644 --- a/psa/018/009.md +++ b/psa/018/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "He" refers to Yahweh. # thick darkness was under his feet Though Yahweh does not actually have feet, the Psalmist gives him human characteristics. Alternate translation: "thick darkness was beneath him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/010.md b/psa/018/010.md index e03d5fd4b9..185be60b71 100644 --- a/psa/018/010.md +++ b/psa/018/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wings of the wind Here the Psalmist speaks of the wind as if it had wings like an angel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/011.md b/psa/018/011.md index 63f12447b7..34d024026b 100644 --- a/psa/018/011.md +++ b/psa/018/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here darkness is spoken of as if it were a tent. Alternate translation: "He made # heavy rainclouds "clouds heavy with rain" or "thick, dark rainclouds" - diff --git a/psa/018/012.md b/psa/018/012.md index 438b55378a..be5e4c262e 100644 --- a/psa/018/012.md +++ b/psa/018/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hailstones stones made of ice - diff --git a/psa/018/013.md b/psa/018/013.md index 787438496e..fe9cc3b864 100644 --- a/psa/018/013.md +++ b/psa/018/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's voice sounded like thunder. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) # the Most High "the Most High" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/psa/018/014.md b/psa/018/014.md index fbd2c6dd99..c9dafa1e4b 100644 --- a/psa/018/014.md +++ b/psa/018/014.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here lighting strikes are being spoken of as if they were arrows (See: [[rc://en # dispersed them "sent them in different directions" - diff --git a/psa/018/015.md b/psa/018/015.md index ecc82c0f27..4640781ab2 100644 --- a/psa/018/015.md +++ b/psa/018/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two clauses have similar meanings. This can be stated in active form. Alte # at the blast of the breath of your nostrils Though God does not have human physical characteristics as described here, this pictures his mighty strength. The wind is spoken of here as if it came as a mighty blast from God's nostrils. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/016.md b/psa/018/016.md index 6bbf495e2c..305467cfd0 100644 --- a/psa/018/016.md +++ b/psa/018/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "He" in these verses refers to Yahweh. # surging water Here the Psalmist speaks of the dangers of his enemies as if they were huge waves or forceful waters, from which Yahweh has rescued him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/017.md b/psa/018/017.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/018/017.md +++ b/psa/018/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/018/018.md b/psa/018/018.md index dcee580f37..ef09e77d10 100644 --- a/psa/018/018.md +++ b/psa/018/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "They" refers to the strong enemies in verse 17. # They came against me on the day of my distress but Yahweh was my support The abstract noun "distress" can be stated as an adjective. The abstract noun "support" can be stated as "protected." Alternate translation: "Strong enemies attacked me on a day when I was distressed, but Yahweh protected me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/019.md b/psa/018/019.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/018/019.md +++ b/psa/018/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/018/020.md b/psa/018/020.md index 37dd1624e0..825488e6f7 100644 --- a/psa/018/020.md +++ b/psa/018/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my hands were clean Here having clean hands represents being innocent of wrongdoing. Alternate translation: "I was innocent" or "my actions were right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/021.md b/psa/018/021.md index 5ba521ef81..814511ad90 100644 --- a/psa/018/021.md +++ b/psa/018/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The laws of Yahweh are spoken of as if they were the paths on which one should w # have not wickedly turned away from my God Here being wicked is spoken of as if one left the right path and took the wrong path. Alternate translation: "have not done wickedly by turning away from my God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/022.md b/psa/018/022.md index dbb6c93475..eee088882f 100644 --- a/psa/018/022.md +++ b/psa/018/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these clauses have similar meanings. The writer repeats these ideas for # have been before me "have guided me" or "I have remembered" - diff --git a/psa/018/023.md b/psa/018/023.md index 93c49fdf24..3b0231465c 100644 --- a/psa/018/023.md +++ b/psa/018/023.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I have kept myself from iniquity "I have not sinned" - diff --git a/psa/018/024.md b/psa/018/024.md index 2d1dd22e6f..bd736a19ba 100644 --- a/psa/018/024.md +++ b/psa/018/024.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To have "clean hands" means that one is innocent of wrongdoing. See how you tran # before his eyes This refers to God's presence. Alternate translation: "before him" or "according to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/025.md b/psa/018/025.md index 60e8db834f..93b27721f4 100644 --- a/psa/018/025.md +++ b/psa/018/025.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The writer speaks to Yahweh. He praises Yahweh for relating to people in ways th # you show yourself to be blameless "you show that you are blameless" or "you are blameless" - diff --git a/psa/018/026.md b/psa/018/026.md index d4a7ce52af..4b538128a8 100644 --- a/psa/018/026.md +++ b/psa/018/026.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The perverse person might think that he is wise and can sin without being punish # you show yourself to be shrewd "you show yourself to be wise" or "you are cunning" - diff --git a/psa/018/027.md b/psa/018/027.md index 116c7d0ce1..473e9c4c46 100644 --- a/psa/018/027.md +++ b/psa/018/027.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with proud, uplifted eyes This idiom refers to those who are proud. Alternate translation: "who are proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/028.md b/psa/018/028.md index 59db15acae..ac73f8bc55 100644 --- a/psa/018/028.md +++ b/psa/018/028.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For you give light to my lamp; Yahweh my God lights up my darkness The writer speaks of Yahweh's presence as if he were a light. These clauses have similar meanings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/029.md b/psa/018/029.md index 78da4d5f29..eafb7e2df1 100644 --- a/psa/018/029.md +++ b/psa/018/029.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For by you I can run over a barricade "For with your help I can run past anything that is in my way" - diff --git a/psa/018/030.md b/psa/018/030.md index 4714085d1b..ae7bd144f9 100644 --- a/psa/018/030.md +++ b/psa/018/030.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is a shield to everyone who takes refuge in him A shield protects a soldier. David speaks as if God were a shield protecting him. See how you translated this in [Psalms 3:3](../003/003.md). Alternate translation: "You, Yahweh, protect like a shield everyone who takes refuge in you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/031.md b/psa/018/031.md index 4ec4b52202..3feab34579 100644 --- a/psa/018/031.md +++ b/psa/018/031.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implied answer is no one. Alternate translation: "Only Yahweh is God! Only o # a rock David speaks of Yahweh as if he were a rock that he could climb to get away from his enemies. See how you translated this in [Psalms 18:2](../018/002.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/032.md b/psa/018/032.md index 8a8146dd94..eb752a17f0 100644 --- a/psa/018/032.md +++ b/psa/018/032.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God gives strength to David as if it were a piece of clothing. (See: [[rc://en/t # places the blameless person on his path Here David speaks of living a life that is pleasing to God as if he were being placed on the right path. Alternate translation: "causes the blameless person to live a righteous life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/033.md b/psa/018/033.md index 76d0cb1b0b..9eaface9d0 100644 --- a/psa/018/033.md +++ b/psa/018/033.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to enabling a person to run fast. Alternate translation: "makes me r # like a deer and places me on the heights The deer is especially quick and stable in the mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/034.md b/psa/018/034.md index 7332697381..10cd033889 100644 --- a/psa/018/034.md +++ b/psa/018/034.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my hands" refers to the person. Alternate translation: "He trains me" (See # my arms This refers to the person. Alternate translation: "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/035.md b/psa/018/035.md index 51565d70f7..93f37eee21 100644 --- a/psa/018/035.md +++ b/psa/018/035.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here God's right hand represents his power. Alternate translation: "Your power h # your favor has made me great Here God's favor represents him acting according to his favor. Alternate translation: "You have made me great according to your favor" or "By your kindness, you have made me great" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/036.md b/psa/018/036.md index 8bfe425cd6..f3b9536f52 100644 --- a/psa/018/036.md +++ b/psa/018/036.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of the safety that God has provided as if it were a wide place # my feet have not slipped Here "my feet" refers to the person. The writer refers to the safety of God's protection as if he were standing on a place where he will not slip or fall. Alternate translation: "I have not slipped" or "I am doing well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/037.md b/psa/018/037.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/018/037.md +++ b/psa/018/037.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/018/038.md b/psa/018/038.md index 83c01655f1..3a636a0b25 100644 --- a/psa/018/038.md +++ b/psa/018/038.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # they have fallen under my feet This idiom means the Psalmist has defeated his enemies. Alternate translation: "I have defeated all of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/039.md b/psa/018/039.md index 135d67df6e..7d140c84cb 100644 --- a/psa/018/039.md +++ b/psa/018/039.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# you have girded me with strength +# you have girded me with strength "you have put strength on me like a belt." The Psalmist says that Yahweh has given him strength that surrounds and supports him like a belt. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Psalms 18:32](../018/032.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the Psalmist speaks of the defeat of his enemies as if he were standing on # those who rise up against me This refers to those who oppose the Psalmist. Alternate translation: "those who are my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/040.md b/psa/018/040.md index 061c43e5e2..992621b5e4 100644 --- a/psa/018/040.md +++ b/psa/018/040.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This represents God giving David victory over his enemies. Possible images are 1 # I annihilated those who hated me "I defeated those who hated me" or "I destroyed completely those who hated me" - diff --git a/psa/018/041.md b/psa/018/041.md index f10ac2c660..a47ee41ca9 100644 --- a/psa/018/041.md +++ b/psa/018/041.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but he did not answer them This means Yahweh did not provide any help. Alternate translation: "but he did not help them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/042.md b/psa/018/042.md index 471ab5d9ab..bccc30d4a4 100644 --- a/psa/018/042.md +++ b/psa/018/042.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmists enemies are compared to dust to show how defeated they are. (See: # I threw them out like mud in the streets The psalmist's enemies are compared to mud in the streets to show how defeated they are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/043.md b/psa/018/043.md index 73b257c18e..82463044b9 100644 --- a/psa/018/043.md +++ b/psa/018/043.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ disagreements, arguments # have made me head over nations Here "head" represents the ruler. Alternate translation: "appointed me to be the ruler over many nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/044.md b/psa/018/044.md index 6b51f9d99b..fbc4d7ad46 100644 --- a/psa/018/044.md +++ b/psa/018/044.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # foreigners were forced to bow This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God forced foreigners to bow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/045.md b/psa/018/045.md index 03add6f551..747f5a9bde 100644 --- a/psa/018/045.md +++ b/psa/018/045.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # foreigners came trembling Here "trembling" shows that they were very afraid. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "foreigners came shaking, showing that they were very afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/046.md b/psa/018/046.md index d763dee912..809da1803c 100644 --- a/psa/018/046.md +++ b/psa/018/046.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May people exalt the # the God of my salvation The abstract nouns "salvation" can be stated as "saved" or "rescued." Alternate translation: "the God who rescued me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/047.md b/psa/018/047.md index 572238aff5..da1d6cf41b 100644 --- a/psa/018/047.md +++ b/psa/018/047.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the God who executes vengeance for me To "execute vengeance" means to punish people for their evil actions. This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "vengeance." Alternate translation: "the God who punishes people for the evil things they have done to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/048.md b/psa/018/048.md index 9d8e06f4b2..4edd809e16 100644 --- a/psa/018/048.md +++ b/psa/018/048.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh's protection of the writer is spoken of as if he lifted the writer up so # violent men "cruel men" or "savage men" - diff --git a/psa/018/049.md b/psa/018/049.md index 45bfed784b..2a1e473abe 100644 --- a/psa/018/049.md +++ b/psa/018/049.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the writer means that he will give thanks to Yahweh so that all people will # to your name Here "name" represents God himself. Alternate translation: "in honor of your name" or "to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/018/050.md b/psa/018/050.md index e9bb170f41..44ef8afc64 100644 --- a/psa/018/050.md +++ b/psa/018/050.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ By using the words "his king," David is referring to himself as king. (See: [[rc # he shows his covenant loyalty to his anointed one ... to his descendants forever "he faithfully loves me as he promised in his covenant, and he will love my descendants forever" - diff --git a/psa/018/intro.md b/psa/018/intro.md index 5e13bc1b14..02fe57878b 100644 --- a/psa/018/intro.md +++ b/psa/018/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 018 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 18 is a psalm of praise to God for his strengthening David for war. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's power -God has tremendous power and he enabled David to prosper in war. This psalm, and its superscription, also appears in 1 Samuel 22 with some minor differences. +### Yahweh's power + +God has tremendous power and he enabled David to prosper in war. This psalm, and its superscription, also appears in 1 Samuel 22 with some minor differences. ## Links: * __[Psalms 18:1](../../psa/018/001.md)__ __[<<](../017/intro.md) | [>>](../019/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/019/001.md b/psa/019/001.md index c8161b1b14..a565a9cd7c 100644 --- a/psa/019/001.md +++ b/psa/019/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The heavens are described as if they were a person. Alternate translation: "The # the skies make known the work of his hands The skies are described as if they were a teacher. Alternate translation: "people can learn from looking at the skies that God has created them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/019/002.md b/psa/019/002.md index de2f9d4fb3..628396e398 100644 --- a/psa/019/002.md +++ b/psa/019/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # speech pours out What is beautiful about creation is compared to speaking, as if creation were a person. Then those words are compared to water that flows everywhere. Alternate translation: "creation is like a person speaking to everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/019/003.md b/psa/019/003.md index e1d00c88f7..1f03f6c866 100644 --- a/psa/019/003.md +++ b/psa/019/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases express clearly that the first two verses were a metaphor. Alterna # their voice is not heard Other translations read "where their voice is not heard," emphasizing that creation's "speech" is available everywhere. - diff --git a/psa/019/004.md b/psa/019/004.md index da12f72645..7012c30aee 100644 --- a/psa/019/004.md +++ b/psa/019/004.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the writer speaks of the place that Yahweh created for the sun as if it wer # among them The word "them" probably refers to the heavens. - diff --git a/psa/019/005.md b/psa/019/005.md index 7af42a99b2..0d32cb04c4 100644 --- a/psa/019/005.md +++ b/psa/019/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This compares the sun to an athlete to emphasize the strength and brightness of # a strong man "a fast runner" - diff --git a/psa/019/006.md b/psa/019/006.md index bc07e70d16..6ecf683288 100644 --- a/psa/019/006.md +++ b/psa/019/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "other" refers to the other horizon. This can be stated clearly in the tran # nothing escapes its heat "everything feels its heat" - diff --git a/psa/019/007.md b/psa/019/007.md index 8d5ee15d3a..999b2feec4 100644 --- a/psa/019/007.md +++ b/psa/019/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "the soul" refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: "making a # the simple "those who have no experience" or "those who have not learned" - diff --git a/psa/019/008.md b/psa/019/008.md index de9a8b34a4..1801de08ee 100644 --- a/psa/019/008.md +++ b/psa/019/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: "a person" (See: [ # bringing light to the eyes Possible meanings are 1) "bringing understanding to a person" or 2) "making a person healthy again" - diff --git a/psa/019/009.md b/psa/019/009.md index 58e8228e22..944ba7996e 100644 --- a/psa/019/009.md +++ b/psa/019/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # altogether right "completely right" - diff --git a/psa/019/010.md b/psa/019/010.md index 2f021d3b40..0de8510eed 100644 --- a/psa/019/010.md +++ b/psa/019/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "valuable" is understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. # fine gold "pure gold" or "expensive gold" - diff --git a/psa/019/011.md b/psa/019/011.md index c55995ef04..e8217e30f2 100644 --- a/psa/019/011.md +++ b/psa/019/011.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "them" refers to Yahweh's righteous decrees. # your servant is warned David calls himself "your servant" when speaking to God as a sign of respect. Alternate translation: "I am warned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/019/012.md b/psa/019/012.md index dc3c91845d..d34849a9b7 100644 --- a/psa/019/012.md +++ b/psa/019/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This appears in the form of a question to add emphasis and can be translated as # from hidden faults "from secret mistakes I have made" - diff --git a/psa/019/013.md b/psa/019/013.md index c86581a072..a896d45a82 100644 --- a/psa/019/013.md +++ b/psa/019/013.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Sins are described as if they were a king that could rule over someone. Alternat # innocent from many transgressions "innocent of rebelling against you" or "innocent of committing many sins" - diff --git a/psa/019/014.md b/psa/019/014.md index ac1ef81fa9..deedd7a424 100644 --- a/psa/019/014.md +++ b/psa/019/014.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "in your ju # Yahweh, my rock The writer speaks of God as if he were a rock that one could climb and be protected from his enemies. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, you are like my rock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/019/intro.md b/psa/019/intro.md index 1c838f2ae5..4b7f85ed5b 100644 --- a/psa/019/intro.md +++ b/psa/019/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 019 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 19 is a praise psalm, praising God for his creation and for his law. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's law -#### God's law God's law keeps people from sinning. There are two distinct themes in this psalm. Verses 1-6 are God's glory in the heavens and the second is praising God for his law. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) - + ## Links: * __[Psalms 19:1](../../psa/019/001.md)__ __[<<](../018/intro.md) | [>>](../020/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/020/001.md b/psa/020/001.md index 98baab1319..07192aa6db 100644 --- a/psa/020/001.md +++ b/psa/020/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "you" in this Psalm is singular and refers to the king. # may the name of the God of Jacob protect you Possible meanings are 1) here "name" is a metonym for God's power. Alternate translation: "may the power of the God of Jacob protect you" or "may the God of Jacob protect you by his power" or 2) here "name" is a metonym for God himself. Alternate translation: "may the God of Jacob protect you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/020/002.md b/psa/020/002.md index 092877e7f4..e900767434 100644 --- a/psa/020/002.md +++ b/psa/020/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God helping from his holy place is spoken of as if God were sending help. Altern # holy place ... Zion Both of these refer to God's temple in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/020/003.md b/psa/020/003.md index 558edbec24..db47acd6ae 100644 --- a/psa/020/003.md +++ b/psa/020/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "call to mind" is a way of saying "remember." It does not mean God fo # May he The word "he" refers to Yahweh. - diff --git a/psa/020/004.md b/psa/020/004.md index b3dd1914c2..899e91504d 100644 --- a/psa/020/004.md +++ b/psa/020/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" stands for the entire person. The abstract noun "desire" can be sta # fulfill all your plans The abstract noun "plans" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "may he help you to accomplish everything that you plan to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/020/005.md b/psa/020/005.md index b352f5923c..ed4715be9a 100644 --- a/psa/020/005.md +++ b/psa/020/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "name" represents honor or reputation. Alternate translation: "in honor of # grant all your petitions "give you everything you request from him" - diff --git a/psa/020/006.md b/psa/020/006.md index 562747705c..b667a941ae 100644 --- a/psa/020/006.md +++ b/psa/020/006.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God dwells in heaven as well as in the temple in Jerusalem ([Psalms 20:2](../020 # with the saving strength of his right hand God's right hand represents his power. Alternate translation: "with his great strength he will rescue him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/020/007.md b/psa/020/007.md index 7b338aeb0e..92d7fc8281 100644 --- a/psa/020/007.md +++ b/psa/020/007.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "name" is a metonym for what everyone knows about Yahweh and so fo # we trust Here "we" refers to the writer and the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/psa/020/008.md b/psa/020/008.md index f3414c4b50..8a061fe35a 100644 --- a/psa/020/008.md +++ b/psa/020/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Both these verbs mean basically the same thing. Both of these stand for losing i # we will rise and stand upright "we will get up and stand up straight." These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Both of these stand for victory in battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/020/009.md b/psa/020/009.md index 77ba4b9ea5..3b8457f1ee 100644 --- a/psa/020/009.md +++ b/psa/020/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible interpretations are 1) the people ask God to protect the king or 2) the # the king; help us when we call Some translations understand the Hebrew differently. Some translate it as the people speaking to Yahweh their king. Alternate translation: "King, help us when we call you" - diff --git a/psa/020/intro.md b/psa/020/intro.md index 4abf513d45..040e69d2dc 100644 --- a/psa/020/intro.md +++ b/psa/020/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 020 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 20 is a royal psalm. It is probably a prayer for the king, perhaps when he first became king. +Psalm 20 is a royal psalm. It is probably a prayer for the king, perhaps when he first became king. + +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Trust Trusting God is much better than trusting in military might. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Trusting God is much better than trusting in military might. (See: [[rc://en/tw/ * __[Psalms 20:1](../../psa/020/001.md)__ __[<<](../019/intro.md) | [>>](../021/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/021/001.md b/psa/021/001.md index e301ba9c80..d85d049e10 100644 --- a/psa/021/001.md +++ b/psa/021/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ It is implied that this is strength Yahweh has given the king to defeat his enem # in the salvation you provide It is implied that God has saved the king from his enemies. The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "because you have saved him from his enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/002.md b/psa/021/002.md index ccbd06b1fd..4d4b0bbfd7 100644 --- a/psa/021/002.md +++ b/psa/021/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the request of his lips Here "lips" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "his request" or "what he requested of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/003.md b/psa/021/003.md index 0768eee8d1..dba6e0cf03 100644 --- a/psa/021/003.md +++ b/psa/021/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To place a crown on a person's head is a symbol of making him a king. (See: [[rc # a crown of purest gold Here "purest gold" represents the great honor given to the king. - diff --git a/psa/021/004.md b/psa/021/004.md index 65801b1a22..0048da68f5 100644 --- a/psa/021/004.md +++ b/psa/021/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "life" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "He ask # the length of his days forever and ever The idiom "the length of his days" refers to the duration of his life. Alternate translation: "a long life that lasts forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/005.md b/psa/021/005.md index a0b25bd137..c3c82f0269 100644 --- a/psa/021/005.md +++ b/psa/021/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you have bestowed on him splendor and majesty "you have placed on him splendor and majesty." Causing the king to be wealthy and powerful is spoken of as if splendor and majesty are objects that are placed on him. Alternate translation: "you have made him wealthy and powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/006.md b/psa/021/006.md index de29f6d965..021b4ff5ae 100644 --- a/psa/021/006.md +++ b/psa/021/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the joy of your presence "the joy of being in your presence" or "the joy that comes from you being near to you" - diff --git a/psa/021/007.md b/psa/021/007.md index 79cf1c1d72..b5224552cb 100644 --- a/psa/021/007.md +++ b/psa/021/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate tr # he will not be moved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will remove him as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/008.md b/psa/021/008.md index 35864e82f5..8c1ea11ee3 100644 --- a/psa/021/008.md +++ b/psa/021/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meaning of all occurrences of "your" and "you" are 1) they refer to the # your right hand will seize those who hate you This means the same thing as the first part of the sentence. It emphasizes that God will give the king the power to stop his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/009.md b/psa/021/009.md index a43802b90c..6ff312ebf9 100644 --- a/psa/021/009.md +++ b/psa/021/009.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh or the king destroying their enemies is spoken of as if their enemies are # Yahweh will consume them in his wrath, and the fire will devour them Both clauses mean basically the same thing. Yahweh completely destroying his enemies is spoken of as if his wrath is a fire that completely burns up his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/010.md b/psa/021/010.md index 2b74132710..726703357b 100644 --- a/psa/021/010.md +++ b/psa/021/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "you" refers to either 1) God or 2) the king. # from the earth ... from among the human race Both phrases mean the same thing. They emphasize that absolutely none of their enemies will survive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/011.md b/psa/021/011.md index b38f51fbc7..9b02f7aa04 100644 --- a/psa/021/011.md +++ b/psa/021/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # they conceived a plot "they made a plan" or "they created a scheme" - diff --git a/psa/021/012.md b/psa/021/012.md index bd78d1ddb6..99919475ff 100644 --- a/psa/021/012.md +++ b/psa/021/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a way of saying that God and the king will defeat their enemies in battl # you will draw your bow before them This implies that he actually shoots his arrows at his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/013.md b/psa/021/013.md index 7f8b5c82ad..7890fea0b5 100644 --- a/psa/021/013.md +++ b/psa/021/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Yahweh, show us that you are very strong" or 2) "Yahwe # we will sing and praise your power The words "sing" and "praise" share similar meanings. Here the word "power" represents God and his power. Alternate translation: "with singing we will praise you because you are powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/021/intro.md b/psa/021/intro.md index 610ab7f230..0af6b91b99 100644 --- a/psa/021/intro.md +++ b/psa/021/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 021 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 21 is a royal psalm. The king is praying for victory. Victory in war comes from the power and help from God. +Psalm 21 is a royal psalm. The king is praying for victory. Victory in war comes from the power and help from God. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Pronouns + +There is a shift in pronouns in this psalm. In verses 1-6 the psalm addresses Yahweh in second person but in verse 7 the psalmist uses third person before moving back to second person in the latter part. -#### Pronouns -There is a shift in pronouns in this psalm. In verses 1-6 the psalm addresses Yahweh in second person but in verse 7 the psalmist uses third person before moving back to second person in the latter part. ## Links: * __[Psalms 21:1](../../psa/021/001.md)__ __[<<](../020/intro.md) | [>>](../022/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/022/001.md b/psa/022/001.md index 9af55937e4..7333f2a0f2 100644 --- a/psa/022/001.md +++ b/psa/022/001.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Again the writer uses a question to emphasize that he feels like God is far away # far from the words of my anguish The writer feeling like God is not listening to him is spoken of as if God were far from his words of anguish. Alternate translation: "why do you not listen when I speak to you about the anguish I feel" or "I have told you about my suffering but you do not come to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/002.md b/psa/022/002.md index dc6fb980bc..b20b44900c 100644 --- a/psa/022/002.md +++ b/psa/022/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses the words "daytime" and "night" to mean he prays to God all the # I am not silent This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I still speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/003.md b/psa/022/003.md index 499ab17194..a3b04f3094 100644 --- a/psa/022/003.md +++ b/psa/022/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # of Israel Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/004.md b/psa/022/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/022/004.md +++ b/psa/022/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/022/005.md b/psa/022/005.md index 0d92360ff3..7fbc41a432 100644 --- a/psa/022/005.md +++ b/psa/022/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were not disappointed This can be stated in active and positive form. Alternate translation: "you did not disappoint them" or "you did not fail them" or "you saved them" or "you did for them what they needed you to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/006.md b/psa/022/006.md index 2b25d653c5..88c7a1334e 100644 --- a/psa/022/006.md +++ b/psa/022/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of himself as if he were a worm. This emphasizes that he feels # disgrace to humanity and despised by the people Both of these phrase mean basically the same thing. The phrase "despised by the people" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everyone thinks I am worthless and the people hate me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/007.md b/psa/022/007.md index 15ecc28d21..9b97f027bc 100644 --- a/psa/022/007.md +++ b/psa/022/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These three phrases share similar meanings and emphasize how much people disresp # they shake their heads at me This describes an action used to mock someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/008.md b/psa/022/008.md index f5c70d9f21..b49c653d7a 100644 --- a/psa/022/008.md +++ b/psa/022/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people are saying this to mock the writer. They do not really believe Yahweh # for he delights in him Possible meanings are 1) "for Yahweh delights in him" or 2) "for he delights in Yahweh" - diff --git a/psa/022/009.md b/psa/022/009.md index b1c4dd1a4f..11f9a0d783 100644 --- a/psa/022/009.md +++ b/psa/022/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a way of saying "you caused me to be born." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # when I was on my mother's breasts This means that he has been trusting in Yahweh since he was very young. Alternate translation: "even from the time that I drank milk from my mother's breasts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/010.md b/psa/022/010.md index f434f4bcb2..79da1c5c29 100644 --- a/psa/022/010.md +++ b/psa/022/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This implies that Yahweh has always taken care of the writer. Alternate translat # since I was in my mother's womb "since before I was born" - diff --git a/psa/022/011.md b/psa/022/011.md index 677308effa..b28a882708 100644 --- a/psa/022/011.md +++ b/psa/022/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks about "trouble" as if it were an object that is near him. Alte # there is no one to help "there is no helper" - diff --git a/psa/022/012.md b/psa/022/012.md index c847c3b18d..338e908667 100644 --- a/psa/022/012.md +++ b/psa/022/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Many bulls surround me; strong bulls of Bashan surround me The writer speaks about his enemies as if they were bulls. This emphasizes how dangerous and powerful his enemies are. Alternate translation: "I have many enemies and they are like bulls that surround me; they are like strong bulls from Bashan that surround me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/013.md b/psa/022/013.md index bb247df408..ba3034e165 100644 --- a/psa/022/013.md +++ b/psa/022/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks about his enemies as if they were lions with the mouths open r # like a roaring lion ripping its victim The writer speaks about his enemies as if they were lions. This emphasizes how powerful and dangerous his enemies are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/014.md b/psa/022/014.md index 7e14c9fd42..c7d6a7d9da 100644 --- a/psa/022/014.md +++ b/psa/022/014.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ a soft substance that melts at a relatively low temperature # within my inner parts "inside of me" - diff --git a/psa/022/015.md b/psa/022/015.md index c47a3e0a9e..105b4426f3 100644 --- a/psa/022/015.md +++ b/psa/022/015.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings for "dust of death" are 1) it refers to a person turning to du # You have laid me The "you" is singular and refers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/016.md b/psa/022/016.md index b1d7a1b7d7..2ad4004c47 100644 --- a/psa/022/016.md +++ b/psa/022/016.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This continues the dog metaphor. The writer speaks about his enemies as if they # pierced stabbed through something with a sharp object - diff --git a/psa/022/017.md b/psa/022/017.md index ec730a65ca..c94549e294 100644 --- a/psa/022/017.md +++ b/psa/022/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the writer is so thin that he can see his bones. Altern # look and stare at me The words "look" and "stare" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that people look at him awkwardly and make fun of him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/018.md b/psa/022/018.md index 5c7cc8c381..4067708832 100644 --- a/psa/022/018.md +++ b/psa/022/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my garments "my clothes" - diff --git a/psa/022/019.md b/psa/022/019.md index af5c6868e3..32485b7321 100644 --- a/psa/022/019.md +++ b/psa/022/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Be very close" (See # my strength Here "strength" represents Yahweh who gives him strength. Alternate translation: "you who give me strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/020.md b/psa/022/020.md index 39deefc1de..2be878b4ee 100644 --- a/psa/022/020.md +++ b/psa/022/020.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The writer speaks about his enemies as if they were dogs to emphasize how danger # wild dogs The word "wild" here means that no one has captured and tamed the animal. - diff --git a/psa/022/021.md b/psa/022/021.md index 21c4afc825..35c125bf6a 100644 --- a/psa/022/021.md +++ b/psa/022/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks about his enemies as if they were lions and wild oxen to empha # wild oxen The word "wild" here means that no one has captured and tamed the animal. - diff --git a/psa/022/022.md b/psa/022/022.md index 82cda0a488..b8c3941832 100644 --- a/psa/022/022.md +++ b/psa/022/022.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "brothers" means "my fellow Israelites" or "my fellow worshipers of Yahweh" # in the midst of the assembly "when my fellow Israelites and I gather together" or "when I am surrounded by my fellow worshipers of Yahweh" - diff --git a/psa/022/023.md b/psa/022/023.md index fec96ae863..78039ca3cd 100644 --- a/psa/022/023.md +++ b/psa/022/023.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these refer to the same group of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # Stand in awe of him "Be full of awe for him" or "Let God's power amaze you" - diff --git a/psa/022/024.md b/psa/022/024.md index c581a31b6f..0cd6130a99 100644 --- a/psa/022/024.md +++ b/psa/022/024.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Hiding one's face from someone represents ignoring him. Alternate translation: " # he heard "he listened." It is implied that he responded when he heard their cry. Alternate translation: "he answered" or "he helped" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/025.md b/psa/022/025.md index c09b7e1d86..3537e72641 100644 --- a/psa/022/025.md +++ b/psa/022/025.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to sacrifices the writer promised to offer to God. (See: [[rc://en/t # before those who fear him Here "him" refers to Yahweh. It can be stated as "you." Alternate translation: "in the presence of those who fear you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/026.md b/psa/022/026.md index f14c443a4b..191202ea82 100644 --- a/psa/022/026.md +++ b/psa/022/026.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hearts" represent the whole person. Alternate translation: "May you live f # May your hearts Here "your" is plural and refers to the oppressed people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/027.md b/psa/022/027.md index 29868a6627..e312bd51a0 100644 --- a/psa/022/027.md +++ b/psa/022/027.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a sign of giving honor and respect to someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # before you Here "you" refers to Yahweh. It can be translated in the third person to match the first part of the sentence. Alternate translation: "before him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/028.md b/psa/022/028.md index 534ede4d42..780c082b81 100644 --- a/psa/022/028.md +++ b/psa/022/028.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he is the ruler over the nations Here "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: "he rules the people of the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/029.md b/psa/022/029.md index 55b6723aa4..48df97108d 100644 --- a/psa/022/029.md +++ b/psa/022/029.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "dust" represents the grave. The phrase "descending into the dust" is a way # those who cannot preserve their own souls alive "those who cannot save their own lives" or "those who cannot keep themselves from dying" - diff --git a/psa/022/030.md b/psa/022/030.md index 5bf86a82c1..67ca74fab2 100644 --- a/psa/022/030.md +++ b/psa/022/030.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "generation" represents the people of that generation. Alternate translatio # of the Lord "about the Lord" or "about what the Lord has done" - diff --git a/psa/022/031.md b/psa/022/031.md index 67351759b2..0c6978674a 100644 --- a/psa/022/031.md +++ b/psa/022/031.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tell of his righteousness The abstract noun "righteousness" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "tell of the righteous things he has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/022/intro.md b/psa/022/intro.md index 46bc8c9057..7f2674d0c0 100644 --- a/psa/022/intro.md +++ b/psa/022/intro.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 022 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 22 is a messianic psalm. It contains references to events during the crucifixion of Christ. It is also a psalm of individual lament and praise. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/crucify]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Messiah -Christ was despised and taunted by his enemies; but finally people all over the earth will bow down to him. +### Messiah + +Christ was despised and taunted by his enemies; but finally people all over the earth will bow down to him. + +### New Testament usage -#### New Testament usage This psalm is quoted in different places in the New Testament. Verse 1a is cited in Matthew 27:46 and Mark 15:34 as the words of Christ on the cross. Many of the events in the narratives of the crucifixion are mentioned in this psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/cross]]) ## Links: @@ -17,4 +19,3 @@ This psalm is quoted in different places in the New Testament. Verse 1a is cited * __[Psalms 22:1](../../psa/022/001.md)__ __[<<](../021/intro.md) | [>>](../023/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/023/001.md b/psa/023/001.md index 0ab9e6bc77..14b7d75a3f 100644 --- a/psa/023/001.md +++ b/psa/023/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ In much of this psalm, David writes as if he were a sheep and the Lord were his # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # Yahweh is my shepherd @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks about Yahweh as if he were a shepherd. This emphasizes how God # I will lack nothing This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I have everything that I need" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/023/002.md b/psa/023/002.md index 7e0029abe7..a49902b42a 100644 --- a/psa/023/002.md +++ b/psa/023/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks about himself as if he were a sheep, and he speaks about Yahwe # tranquil water "calm water" or "water that flows gently." This water is safe to drink. - diff --git a/psa/023/003.md b/psa/023/003.md index b9dd173f08..9a80765515 100644 --- a/psa/023/003.md +++ b/psa/023/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Showing a person how to live in a way that pleases God is spoken of as if it wer # for his name's sake The phrase "his name" here refers to his reputation. Alternate translation: "for his reputation" or "so that people will honor him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/023/004.md b/psa/023/004.md index e22ec7bd65..e50e4278c1 100644 --- a/psa/023/004.md +++ b/psa/023/004.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "you" refers to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # your rod and your staff comfort me The rod and staff represent protection because shepherds use them to protect their sheep from danger. Alternate translation: "I am not afraid because you protect me like a shepherd who protects his sheep with his rod and staff" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/023/005.md b/psa/023/005.md index 212e86ac29..9478c00e18 100644 --- a/psa/023/005.md +++ b/psa/023/005.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ People sometimes put oil on their guests' heads in order to honor them. # my cup runs over Here a cup of wine that overflows represents many blessings. Alternate translation: "You fill my cup so much that it overflows" or "You give me many blessings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/023/006.md b/psa/023/006.md index 2fd2b8c16b..2ed6265838 100644 --- a/psa/023/006.md +++ b/psa/023/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) this refers to Yahweh's eternal home, or 2) this r # for the length of my days This idiom refers to the duration of his life. Alternate translation: "as long as I live" or "forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/023/intro.md b/psa/023/intro.md index da12e7206f..19d54788b7 100644 --- a/psa/023/intro.md +++ b/psa/023/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Psalm 023 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 23 is a psalm of praise to God for his continued care and protection. The psalmist praises God for always being with him and for caring for him. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor Psalm 23 is an extended metaphor speaking of God as if he were a shepherd, and of the psalmist as if he were a sheep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Psalm 23 is an extended metaphor speaking of God as if he were a shepherd, and o * __[Psalms 23:1](../../psa/023/001.md)__ __[<<](../022/intro.md) | [>>](../024/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/024/001.md b/psa/024/001.md index 683b7e7f5c..8037caab25 100644 --- a/psa/024/001.md +++ b/psa/024/001.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # its fullness The abstract noun "fullness" can be stated with the verb "fills." Alternate translation: "everything that fills it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/024/002.md b/psa/024/002.md index 262c05714c..7c41e1fbd4 100644 --- a/psa/024/002.md +++ b/psa/024/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These phrases are used together to refer to the huge deep ocean below the earth. # on the rivers "the water that is deep below" - diff --git a/psa/024/003.md b/psa/024/003.md index 163dd73019..200067523c 100644 --- a/psa/024/003.md +++ b/psa/024/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to Mount Zion in Jerusalem. # his holy place This refers Yahweh's temple. His temple is on Mount Zion in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/psa/024/004.md b/psa/024/004.md index ca2843e690..04f17dbf05 100644 --- a/psa/024/004.md +++ b/psa/024/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts or motives. Alternate translation: " # who has not lifted up a falsehood Here "falsehood" represents a false idol. To "lift up" means to worship. Alternate translation: "who has not worshiped an idol" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/024/005.md b/psa/024/005.md index c01217b769..a6537c5daf 100644 --- a/psa/024/005.md +++ b/psa/024/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "he" does not refer to a specific person. It refers to the ones with pu # righteousness from the God of his salvation The abstract noun "righteousness" can be stated as "righteously." And, "salvation" can be stated as "save." Alternate translation: "God will deal righteously with him and save him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/024/006.md b/psa/024/006.md index a4cb6c8284..26e1a51a37 100644 --- a/psa/024/006.md +++ b/psa/024/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Going to the temple to worship Yahweh is spoken of as if the person is literally # the face of the God of Jacob Here "face" stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: "the God of Jacob" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/024/007.md b/psa/024/007.md index cadf7c9879..810553944b 100644 --- a/psa/024/007.md +++ b/psa/024/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The two phases are very similar in meaning. The words "gates" and "doors" refer # Lift up your heads It is uncertain what specific part of the gate is the "head." But, it stands for the gate as a whole. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/024/008.md b/psa/024/008.md index 3ab899ee97..a18cab3097 100644 --- a/psa/024/008.md +++ b/psa/024/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh, strong and mighty; Yahweh, mighty in battle The writer speaks about Yahweh as if he were a mighty warrior who fights in battles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/024/009.md b/psa/024/009.md index b99f10cbc1..730376989e 100644 --- a/psa/024/009.md +++ b/psa/024/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The two phases are very similar in meaning. The words "gates" and "doors" refer # Lift up your heads It is uncertain what specific part of the gate is the "head." But, it stands for the gate as a whole. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/024/010.md b/psa/024/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/024/010.md +++ b/psa/024/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/024/intro.md b/psa/024/intro.md index f210eb8137..b33b7a2357 100644 --- a/psa/024/intro.md +++ b/psa/024/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Psalm 024 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 24 is a psalm of praise to God as the almighty God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/almighty]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Righteous people -#### Righteous people Only the righteous come to worship God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Rhetorical Questions +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions + The psalmists uses several rhetorical questions. Each question forms a unit with a response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ The psalmists uses several rhetorical questions. Each question forms a unit with * __[Psalms 24:1](../../psa/024/001.md)__ __[<<](../023/intro.md) | [>>](../025/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/025/001.md b/psa/025/001.md index 2019fab365..38027fcc9b 100644 --- a/psa/025/001.md +++ b/psa/025/001.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # I lift up my life The phrase "lift up my life" is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) the writer is giving himself to Yahweh, which means he is completely depending on Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I give myself to you" or 2) he is offering prayer and adoration to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I worship and adore you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/002.md b/psa/025/002.md index 9a84c3c653..a251f52036 100644 --- a/psa/025/002.md +++ b/psa/025/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not let my enemies # rejoice triumphantly over me "rejoice in triumph over me." The phrase "over me" implies that his enemies have defeated him and stand above in victory. Alternate translation: "defeat me and rejoice about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/003.md b/psa/025/003.md index 3570b28408..d39f7602df 100644 --- a/psa/025/003.md +++ b/psa/025/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # without cause "without a reason" - diff --git a/psa/025/004.md b/psa/025/004.md index 8e964d40d6..b3e6c1ba42 100644 --- a/psa/025/004.md +++ b/psa/025/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Make known to me your ways, Yahweh; teach me your paths Both statements mean the same thing. God teaching a person how they should behave is spoken of as if he were showing a person the correct path on which a person should travel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/005.md b/psa/025/005.md index 18cd779e03..39f1b7a15e 100644 --- a/psa/025/005.md +++ b/psa/025/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Guide and teach mean the same thing, to give instruction. Alternate translation: # the God of my salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as "saves." Alternate translation: "the one who saves me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/006.md b/psa/025/006.md index 54451df82e..4db81f0502 100644 --- a/psa/025/006.md +++ b/psa/025/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract nouns "compassion" and "faithfulness" can be stated as adjectives. # for they have always existed Here "they" personifies God's compassion and covenant faithfulness. Alternate translation: "for that is how you have always been" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/007.md b/psa/025/007.md index 67e0db397d..ff5631c735 100644 --- a/psa/025/007.md +++ b/psa/025/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. This does not mean God forgot something. The writer is asking # with covenant faithfulness because of your goodness The abstract nouns "faithfulness" and "goodness" can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "and be faithful to me because of your covenant, because you are good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/008.md b/psa/025/008.md index 45d698805c..961aedec02 100644 --- a/psa/025/008.md +++ b/psa/025/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the way How God wants a person to behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path on which a person travels. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/009.md b/psa/025/009.md index aaf21201f1..af08344871 100644 --- a/psa/025/009.md +++ b/psa/025/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "hu # his way How God wants a person to behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path on which a person travels. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/010.md b/psa/025/010.md index 939cad152f..b19f12dfb5 100644 --- a/psa/025/010.md +++ b/psa/025/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All the paths of Yahweh are steadfast love and faithfulness Here "paths" is a metaphor that represents what some one does or their character. The abstract nouns "loves" and "faithfulness" can be expressed with the verb "love" and the adjective "faithful." Alternate translation: "Yahweh always loves and is faithful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/011.md b/psa/025/011.md index a400f5acf1..67250ccdb6 100644 --- a/psa/025/011.md +++ b/psa/025/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "your name" here refers to Yahweh's reputation. Alternate translation # pardon my iniquity, for it is great The abstract noun "iniquity" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "please forgive me, for I have sinned much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/012.md b/psa/025/012.md index c361d9dc61..4d1784a6af 100644 --- a/psa/025/012.md +++ b/psa/025/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words refer to any person who fears Yahweh, not a specific person. Alterna # The Lord will instruct him in the way that he should choose Yahweh teaching people how they should behave is spoken of as if Yahweh were teaching the people what way or path they should travel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/013.md b/psa/025/013.md index c273ed73a2..a9b439b78b 100644 --- a/psa/025/013.md +++ b/psa/025/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to any person who fears Yahweh, not a specific person. Alterna # His life will go along in goodness "God will cause him to prosper" or "God will cause them to prosper" - diff --git a/psa/025/014.md b/psa/025/014.md index 0abdc6e5f5..698949d79f 100644 --- a/psa/025/014.md +++ b/psa/025/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The friendship of Yahweh is for those "Yahweh is a friend to those." Some translate it as "Yahweh confides in those." His confiding in them shows the intimate friendship he has with them. - diff --git a/psa/025/015.md b/psa/025/015.md index f4257f45bd..f2d90be606 100644 --- a/psa/025/015.md +++ b/psa/025/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "eyes" represents looking. It is implied that he looks to Yahweh for help. # for he will free my feet from the net A net is a trap. A person who is in danger is spoken of as if their feet are tangled in a net. Alternate translation: He will rescue me from danger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/016.md b/psa/025/016.md index 2bc81acbe3..c8e7990d52 100644 --- a/psa/025/016.md +++ b/psa/025/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Turn toward me Yahweh paying attention to a person and considering him is spoken of as if Yahweh were physically turning towards the person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/017.md b/psa/025/017.md index 499438e748..1113bb06d5 100644 --- a/psa/025/017.md +++ b/psa/025/017.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" represents a person's emotions. Alternate translation: "I feel more # my distress The word "distress" is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: "the things that distress me" or "the things that cause me to be afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/018.md b/psa/025/018.md index 2aa2da7543..2c5e2d1111 100644 --- a/psa/025/018.md +++ b/psa/025/018.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "affliction" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: " # my toils The word "toils" is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: "the things that trouble me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/019.md b/psa/025/019.md index 0e5a1b1fa1..c51328401e 100644 --- a/psa/025/019.md +++ b/psa/025/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they hate me with violent hatred "they hate me and want to do violence to me" - diff --git a/psa/025/020.md b/psa/025/020.md index 0641706c83..31310815b6 100644 --- a/psa/025/020.md +++ b/psa/025/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not let my enemies # take refuge in you! Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate translation: "go to you for protection!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/021.md b/psa/025/021.md index f39a978637..ed6a706f67 100644 --- a/psa/025/021.md +++ b/psa/025/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks about "integrity" and "uprightness" as if they were persons who coul # preserve me "keep me safe" - diff --git a/psa/025/022.md b/psa/025/022.md index b89f92008b..4c5920b94b 100644 --- a/psa/025/022.md +++ b/psa/025/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Israel ... his troubles Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel ... our troubles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/025/intro.md b/psa/025/intro.md index 819314ded2..e847a32081 100644 --- a/psa/025/intro.md +++ b/psa/025/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 025 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 25 is a prayer for God's help. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The humble -God is very good to humble people who seek to obey him. +### The humble + +God is very good to humble people who seek to obey him. ## Links: * __[Psalms 25:1](../../psa/025/001.md)__ __[<<](../024/intro.md) | [>>](../026/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/026/001.md b/psa/026/001.md index 5b35477562..a14cad7943 100644 --- a/psa/026/001.md +++ b/psa/026/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # I have walked @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The third person use of "Yahweh" can be stated in the second person. Alternate t # without wavering Doubting is spoken of as if it were losing balance and waving back and forth. Alternate translation: "without doubting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/026/002.md b/psa/026/002.md index c87fbf8230..fe496d2692 100644 --- a/psa/026/002.md +++ b/psa/026/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # test the purity of my inner parts and my heart Here "inner parts" and "heart" mean motives. Alternate translation: "test whether my motives are good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/026/003.md b/psa/026/003.md index 7f8d3f43b8..9f0767c581 100644 --- a/psa/026/003.md +++ b/psa/026/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "eyes" represent a person's thoughts and having something before one's eyes # I walk about in your faithfulness The word "walk" is a metaphor for behavior. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "I conduct my life according to your faithfulness" or "I behave the way I do because you are faithful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/026/004.md b/psa/026/004.md index 5aa7448e37..abd7370bb6 100644 --- a/psa/026/004.md +++ b/psa/026/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means the same as the first part of the sentence. Alternate translation: "a # dishonest people "hypocrites" or "those who lie to others" - diff --git a/psa/026/005.md b/psa/026/005.md index 72ab3a3359..3df801ab6c 100644 --- a/psa/026/005.md +++ b/psa/026/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the wicked This is a nominal adjective. Alternate translation: "wicked people" or "those who are wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/026/006.md b/psa/026/006.md index 124dad16d4..e9d2dbb933 100644 --- a/psa/026/006.md +++ b/psa/026/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This seems to refer to a ritual washing of hands in water to symbolize freedom f # I go around your altar This was an action of worship that the Israelites were accustomed to doing. - diff --git a/psa/026/007.md b/psa/026/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/026/007.md +++ b/psa/026/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/026/008.md b/psa/026/008.md index df124fb509..36fc1ef4a7 100644 --- a/psa/026/008.md +++ b/psa/026/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) if a person wrote this after the time of David, then th # the place where your glory lives Here "glory" represents the presence and power of God, which is similar to a very bright light. Alternate translation: "the place where people can see the glorious light of your presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/026/009.md b/psa/026/009.md index c5e6d69997..f09155993b 100644 --- a/psa/026/009.md +++ b/psa/026/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "sweep" is understood. Alternate translation: "or sweep my life" (See: # men of bloodshed "people who are eager to shed others' blood" or "murderers" - diff --git a/psa/026/010.md b/psa/026/010.md index f7f33da110..1411d45d23 100644 --- a/psa/026/010.md +++ b/psa/026/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a plot "a wicked plan" - diff --git a/psa/026/011.md b/psa/026/011.md index 816745cece..dc5f3c9f22 100644 --- a/psa/026/011.md +++ b/psa/026/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase shows that the writer is changing from speaking about wicked people # I will walk in integrity "Walk" here is a metaphor for behavior. Alternate translation: "I will behave with integrity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/026/012.md b/psa/026/012.md index bed1e495fc..14b89ff1f5 100644 --- a/psa/026/012.md +++ b/psa/026/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are that "level ground" represents 1) a safe place or 2) right # in the assemblies will I bless Yahweh "when I gather with the people of Israel I will praise you" - diff --git a/psa/026/intro.md b/psa/026/intro.md index aabe156def..9f2a48be80 100644 --- a/psa/026/intro.md +++ b/psa/026/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 026 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 26 is a teaching psalm; showing people how they should live by the example of the psalmsist. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise -#### Praise The psalmist delights in praising God and doing good deeds. It is striking how this psalm uses the first person pronoun. This is an individual psalm of petition. Each of the four petitions are accompanied with various claims. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The psalmist delights in praising God and doing good deeds. It is striking how t * __[Psalms 26:1](../../psa/026/001.md)__ __[<<](../025/intro.md) | [>>](../027/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/027/001.md b/psa/027/001.md index 083ff84419..eabd57e26a 100644 --- a/psa/027/001.md +++ b/psa/027/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # Yahweh is my light @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks about Yahweh as if he were a place where people can go for safety. A # whom should I dread? This question emphasizes that there is no one that David should be afraid of. Alternate translation: "I will not dread anyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/002.md b/psa/027/002.md index fae8fe484d..8e5c060bde 100644 --- a/psa/027/002.md +++ b/psa/027/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words mean the same thing. These are the evildoers who came near to him. ( # stumbled and fell This represents the writer's enemies failing to fulfill their plans to harm the writer. Alternate translation: "did not succeed" or "failed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/003.md b/psa/027/003.md index d7e0358bfd..18e1fb2d2a 100644 --- a/psa/027/003.md +++ b/psa/027/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer's enemies are spoken of as if they themselves were a war. Alternate t # I will remain confident "I will continue to trust God to help me" - diff --git a/psa/027/004.md b/psa/027/004.md index b04fe2ac49..ca82d5c180 100644 --- a/psa/027/004.md +++ b/psa/027/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The wonderful character of God is spoken of as if it were physical beauty. Alter # to meditate in his temple Possible meanings are 1) "to ask God what he wants me to do" or 2) "to think carefully about God in his temple." - diff --git a/psa/027/005.md b/psa/027/005.md index 6d994cc171..ecf4ce349b 100644 --- a/psa/027/005.md +++ b/psa/027/005.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "cover" represents something that hides and protects. # He will lift me high on a rock God keeping the writer safe from his enemies is spoken of as if God were placing him on a high rock where his enemies cannot reach him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/006.md b/psa/027/006.md index a6cc3bf89c..c5837a0b6e 100644 --- a/psa/027/006.md +++ b/psa/027/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my head will be lifted up above my enemies This represents the writer receiving pride or honor when he defeats his enemies. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will honor me when I win the fight against my enemies" or "God will honor me by enabling me to defeat my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/007.md b/psa/027/007.md index 1a82f01045..33e7957178 100644 --- a/psa/027/007.md +++ b/psa/027/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The "voice" often represents a person who speak or calls out. Alternate translat # answer me This implies that Yahweh hears the writer's prayer and Yahweh will do what the writer asks. Alternate translation: "answer my prayer" or "do what I request of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/008.md b/psa/027/008.md index 174578b2a1..514dd86264 100644 --- a/psa/027/008.md +++ b/psa/027/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A person going to the temple to pray to Yahweh is spoken of as if the person wer # I seek your face, Yahweh A person going to the temple to pray to Yahweh is spoken of as if the person were seeking to find Yahweh. Here "face" represents all of God. Alternate translation: "I will come to your temple to pray to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/009.md b/psa/027/009.md index 33c3e4e921..69b26a6d46 100644 --- a/psa/027/009.md +++ b/psa/027/009.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "abandon" and "reject" have similar meanings. The writer is emphasizin # God of my salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as "saves." Alternate translation: "God who saves me" or "because you are the God who saves me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/010.md b/psa/027/010.md index cbb610623d..8dd4a5ba27 100644 --- a/psa/027/010.md +++ b/psa/027/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ He is not saying that they actually have done this or that they would do it. His # Yahweh will take me in "Yahweh will keep me" or "Yahweh will take care of me" - diff --git a/psa/027/011.md b/psa/027/011.md index b794cd1ea1..7a4cc3fd2a 100644 --- a/psa/027/011.md +++ b/psa/027/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ How a person should behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path that person # Lead me on a level path Yahweh keeping the writer safe from his enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh leads the writer on a level path where he will not stumble and fall. Alternate translation: "Keep me safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/012.md b/psa/027/012.md index bc5b0ac4a0..50c5f48097 100644 --- a/psa/027/012.md +++ b/psa/027/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "desires" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Do # they breathe out violence Here violence is spoken for as if it was something a person could breathe out. Alternate translation: "they say that they will do violent things to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/013.md b/psa/027/013.md index 805871f938..d3121c5dcb 100644 --- a/psa/027/013.md +++ b/psa/027/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "goodness" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translatio # in the land of the living This refers to being alive. Alternate translation: "while I am alive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/027/014.md b/psa/027/014.md index c0b6866d05..d95778a943 100644 --- a/psa/027/014.md +++ b/psa/027/014.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "heart" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "be courageous" # Wait for Yahweh! This line is repeated at the end of the psalm as a way of ending the psalm. - diff --git a/psa/027/intro.md b/psa/027/intro.md index 6d1d06d143..0d062f66b5 100644 --- a/psa/027/intro.md +++ b/psa/027/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 027 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 27 is a psalm of praise to God because God keeps the psalmist safe from all his enemies. +Psalm 27 is a psalm of praise to God because God keeps the psalmist safe from all his enemies. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's help -Because of God's help, he has nothing to fear, no matter what happens. The psalmist shows his confidence in God; he also asks God for help. +### Yahweh's help + +Because of God's help, he has nothing to fear, no matter what happens. The psalmist shows his confidence in God; he also asks God for help. ## Links: * __[Psalms 27:1](../../psa/027/001.md)__ __[<<](../026/intro.md) | [>>](../028/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/028/001.md b/psa/028/001.md index b55c98f10b..884641d7a5 100644 --- a/psa/028/001.md +++ b/psa/028/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # I cry out @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is a metaphor for strength. Alternate translation: "my strength" (See: [[rc # I will join those who go down to the pit The pit is either the grave or the place where dead people are. Alternate translation: "I will die like those who are in the grave" - diff --git a/psa/028/002.md b/psa/028/002.md index 16bd5abe88..f1cdbf5772 100644 --- a/psa/028/002.md +++ b/psa/028/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Lifting up hands is a symbol of worship. The writer is not worshiping the holy p # your most holy place Possible meanings are 1) if David wrote this, then this refers to the tent that God told his people to set up so that they could worship him there, or 2) if a person wrote this after the time of David, then the writer is referring to the temple in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/psa/028/003.md b/psa/028/003.md index dbb075aaff..58a0a3984a 100644 --- a/psa/028/003.md +++ b/psa/028/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "neighbors" refers to people in general. Alternate translation: "who speak # but have evil in their hearts Here "hearts" represents a person's mind or thoughts. Alternate translation: "but are thinking something evil about them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/028/004.md b/psa/028/004.md index 6811ef5de6..0f4cfcd8f0 100644 --- a/psa/028/004.md +++ b/psa/028/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hands" represent what the person has done. Alternate translation: "the thi # render to them their due "give them what they deserve" - diff --git a/psa/028/005.md b/psa/028/005.md index 71ca81f9a6..10fe7235b0 100644 --- a/psa/028/005.md +++ b/psa/028/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hands" represents what Yahweh has done or created. Alternate translation: # he will break them down and never rebuild them The punishment of the wicked people is spoken of as if they were a building or a city that God would destroy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/028/006.md b/psa/028/006.md index d21a67dca0..5121b32817 100644 --- a/psa/028/006.md +++ b/psa/028/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he has heard the sound of my pleading Here "sound" represents what the writer said. Alternate translation: "has heard what I said when I pleaded to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/028/007.md b/psa/028/007.md index 37da9254a2..300d952a09 100644 --- a/psa/028/007.md +++ b/psa/028/007.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he helps me" (See: [[ # my heart greatly rejoices Here "heart" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I greatly rejoice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/028/008.md b/psa/028/008.md index b67ac9d313..b45fec03aa 100644 --- a/psa/028/008.md +++ b/psa/028/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh keeping the king safe is spoken of as if Yahweh were a place that the kin # his anointed one The words "anointed one" represent the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/028/009.md b/psa/028/009.md index 5a6080080f..5352d206cc 100644 --- a/psa/028/009.md +++ b/psa/028/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks about the people of God as if they were something God inherited. Alt # Be their shepherd and carry them forever The writer speaks about Yahweh as if he were a shepherd and the people are his sheep. A shepherd would carry a sheep if it needed help or protection. Alternate translation: "Be like their shepherd and protect them forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/028/intro.md b/psa/028/intro.md index 39d63672df..7f0d7d8063 100644 --- a/psa/028/intro.md +++ b/psa/028/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 028 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 28 is a psalm of prayer to God that he is not be punished along with the wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Trust -The psalmist trusted God completely and God rescued him. This is similar to psalm 7 and 17 because it is an individual lament psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]]) +### Trust + +The psalmist trusted God completely and God rescued him. This is similar to psalm 7 and 17 because it is an individual lament psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]]) ## Links: * __[Psalms 28:1](../../psa/028/001.md)__ __[<<](../027/intro.md) | [>>](../029/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/029/001.md b/psa/029/001.md index 6bb2cf4513..e0d24f99f3 100644 --- a/psa/029/001.md +++ b/psa/029/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # you sons of God @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "sons of" is a way of saying "having the characteristics of." Alterna # ascribe to Yahweh glory and strength The abstract nouns "glory" and "strength" can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "praise Yahweh because he is glorious and strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/029/002.md b/psa/029/002.md index 66066c2c28..d298836ad4 100644 --- a/psa/029/002.md +++ b/psa/029/002.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The implied information is that the people were to bow down in worship. Alternat # in the splendor of holiness The abstract nouns "splendor" and "holiness" can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "because he is gloriously beautiful and holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/029/003.md b/psa/029/003.md index 6a6fb812be..0a3a6c4a63 100644 --- a/psa/029/003.md +++ b/psa/029/003.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks about God speaking as if it were the sound of thunder. Just like the # over many waters "over the large bodies of water" - diff --git a/psa/029/004.md b/psa/029/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/029/004.md +++ b/psa/029/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/029/005.md b/psa/029/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/029/005.md +++ b/psa/029/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/029/006.md b/psa/029/006.md index 0b20455c1f..2f5a5fab09 100644 --- a/psa/029/006.md +++ b/psa/029/006.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "he makes" and "skip" are understood from the first phrase. They can b # Sirion This is a mountain in Lebanon. It is also called Mount Hermon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/029/007.md b/psa/029/007.md index f4e27b96af..322a25daca 100644 --- a/psa/029/007.md +++ b/psa/029/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ All occurrences of "voice" here represent Yahweh speaking. Alternate translation # flames of fire This refers to lightning. - diff --git a/psa/029/008.md b/psa/029/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/029/008.md +++ b/psa/029/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/029/009.md b/psa/029/009.md index 72954e4e96..8062a42eef 100644 --- a/psa/029/009.md +++ b/psa/029/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "voice" represents Yahweh speaking. Alternate translation: "When Yahweh spe # strips the forests bare Removing the leaves of the trees is spoken of as if it was removing their clothing. Alternate translation: "strips off the leaves from the trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/029/010.md b/psa/029/010.md index 07ec9623e3..870c896e87 100644 --- a/psa/029/010.md +++ b/psa/029/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that Yahweh rules. Alternate translation: "Yahweh rules" or "Yahweh i # over the flood Here "flood" refers to waters that cover the earth. - diff --git a/psa/029/011.md b/psa/029/011.md index 8c6e37da15..8007ddca0e 100644 --- a/psa/029/011.md +++ b/psa/029/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh blesses his people with peace The word "peace" is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: "Yahweh blesses his people by causing them to prosper and to live peacefully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/029/intro.md b/psa/029/intro.md index c056f64cd9..01b4e1458c 100644 --- a/psa/029/intro.md +++ b/psa/029/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # Psalm 029 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 29 is a worship psalm. It tells how Yahweh rules all nature. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's power -#### Yahweh's power God is powerful. All he has to do is to speak in order to control nature. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metonymy +### Metonymy The voice of the Yahweh stands for Yahweh himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The voice of the Yahweh stands for Yahweh himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fi * __[Psalms 29:1](../../psa/029/001.md)__ __[<<](../028/intro.md) | [>>](../030/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/030/001.md b/psa/030/001.md index 7ea99acc9b..62a4d9e87e 100644 --- a/psa/030/001.md +++ b/psa/030/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # you have raised me up The writer speaks of God rescuing him and keeping him from dying as if God had drawn him up from a deep well. Alternate translation: "you rescued me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/030/002.md b/psa/030/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/030/002.md +++ b/psa/030/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/030/003.md b/psa/030/003.md index a9e7b23955..2d5d3951a7 100644 --- a/psa/030/003.md +++ b/psa/030/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "my soul" refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "brought me up" (See # from going down to the pit The "pit" represents death. Alternate translation: "from dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/030/004.md b/psa/030/004.md index 251ae40b34..ee70d0b8f5 100644 --- a/psa/030/004.md +++ b/psa/030/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Give thanks when you remember his holiness The abstract nouns "thanks" and "holiness" can be stated as "thank" and "holy." Alternate translation: "Remember that God is holy and thank him" or "Remember what God has done because he is holy and thank him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/030/005.md b/psa/030/005.md index 27ae6608f2..d61db4ea16 100644 --- a/psa/030/005.md +++ b/psa/030/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "favor" can be stated as the adjective "good." Alternate trans # Weeping comes for a night, but joy comes in the morning This speaks about "weeping" and "joy" as if they were something that travels and arrives at a certain time. Alternate translation: "We may cry during the night, but the next morning we will be joyful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/030/006.md b/psa/030/006.md index 30411d77cc..55b0186029 100644 --- a/psa/030/006.md +++ b/psa/030/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "confidence" is an abstract noun. The writer recalls a time when he was # I will never be shaken The word "shaken" is a metaphor for defeat. Alternate translation: "No one will defeat me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/030/007.md b/psa/030/007.md index dc8ded4b19..9a6b8ff454 100644 --- a/psa/030/007.md +++ b/psa/030/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "when you stopped helping me" or "when # I was troubled "I was fearful" or "I was worried" - diff --git a/psa/030/008.md b/psa/030/008.md index 9cd4e7e92b..9712aafd3f 100644 --- a/psa/030/008.md +++ b/psa/030/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "sought favor" means to ask for help. Alternate translation: "I plead # from my Lord The writer is referring to Yahweh in third person. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: "from you, my Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/030/009.md b/psa/030/009.md index 6a49946a86..db7e7ebd12 100644 --- a/psa/030/009.md +++ b/psa/030/009.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer uses these questions to emphasize that his dead and decayed body cann # the dust This refers to the body of the writer which will decay and become dust when he is dead. Alternate translation: "my decayed body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/030/010.md b/psa/030/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/030/010.md +++ b/psa/030/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/030/011.md b/psa/030/011.md index 35d84dc90d..391213a508 100644 --- a/psa/030/011.md +++ b/psa/030/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Sackcloth was associated with mourning and sorrow. Alternate translation: "You h # clothed me with gladness The writer speaks of gladness as if it were a garment that he could put on. Alternate translation: "caused me to be glad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/030/012.md b/psa/030/012.md index 3d4f75e1a7..9a1dc2e315 100644 --- a/psa/030/012.md +++ b/psa/030/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my glory will sing praise to you Here "my glory" refers to the writer's soul or heart or inner being. This represents the entire person of the writer, who worships God because God has made him glad. Alternate translation: "I will sing praise to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/030/intro.md b/psa/030/intro.md index 5f0dc48e9a..0e51606151 100644 --- a/psa/030/intro.md +++ b/psa/030/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 030 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 30 is a psalm of praise and thanksgiving to God. The psalmist was near death but God rescued him. +Psalm 30 is a psalm of praise and thanksgiving to God. The psalmist was near death but God rescued him. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The psalmist's death -#### The psalmist's death If he had died, it would not have been a help to God. But since God rescued him he can praise God. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ If he had died, it would not have been a help to God. But since God rescued him * __[Psalms 30:1](../../psa/030/001.md)__ __[<<](../029/intro.md) | [>>](../031/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/031/001.md b/psa/031/001.md index f1e0a4d0d6..263f8c0d85 100644 --- a/psa/031/001.md +++ b/psa/031/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate t # never let me be humiliated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "do not let others humiliate me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/002.md b/psa/031/002.md index 0a1758ed47..82bf84efef 100644 --- a/psa/031/002.md +++ b/psa/031/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is spoke of as if he were a huge rock that would protect the writer from # a stronghold to save me Yahweh is spoken of as if he were a strong fortress in which the writer would be protected from his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/003.md b/psa/031/003.md index f33750f910..9859dc4d3a 100644 --- a/psa/031/003.md +++ b/psa/031/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In this phrase "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "so that your na # lead and guide me The words "lead" and "guide" mean basically the same thing and strengthen the request that Yahweh lead him. Alternate translation: "lead me where you want me to go" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/004.md b/psa/031/004.md index d7b494ee03..e01922f371 100644 --- a/psa/031/004.md +++ b/psa/031/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer is spoken of as if he were a bird caught in a hidden net, and waiting # you are my refuge Yahweh is spoken of as if he is a place where the writer can hide from people who are attacking him. Alternate translation: "you always protect me" or "you give me constant protection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/005.md b/psa/031/005.md index 0f58d5a5ab..98ce6e359d 100644 --- a/psa/031/005.md +++ b/psa/031/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "my spirit" refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "I place myself" ( # God of trustworthiness "you are a God I can trust" - diff --git a/psa/031/006.md b/psa/031/006.md index 0d498fec21..b76b00b510 100644 --- a/psa/031/006.md +++ b/psa/031/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I hate those who serve worthless idols Here the word "worthless" refers to all idols. This can be clarified in translation. Alternate translation: "Idols are worthless. I hate those who serve them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/007.md b/psa/031/007.md index c97c3fc194..fdc679bbd6 100644 --- a/psa/031/007.md +++ b/psa/031/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these phrases express the idea that God knows about the writer's trouble # the distress of my soul Here "my soul" refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "my distress" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/008.md b/psa/031/008.md index 30856d865f..82b21523bb 100644 --- a/psa/031/008.md +++ b/psa/031/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my feet" refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "You have set me" (S # a wide open place The Hebrews thought of wide open spaces as a metaphor for safety and freedom. Alternate translation: "a place where I am free" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/009.md b/psa/031/009.md index 9e21d11cf9..67a0489ad2 100644 --- a/psa/031/009.md +++ b/psa/031/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my soul and my body The terms "soul" and "body" are used to describe the complete person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/010.md b/psa/031/010.md index 8fbae07a2d..de9be09993 100644 --- a/psa/031/010.md +++ b/psa/031/010.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "My strength" refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "I have become w # my bones are wasting away Here "my bones" refers to the physical health of the writer. Alternate translation: "my health is failing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/011.md b/psa/031/011.md index 4edc915f11..5f8db6d371 100644 --- a/psa/031/011.md +++ b/psa/031/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "contemptible" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translat # are appalled at my situation "are shocked at my condition" - diff --git a/psa/031/012.md b/psa/031/012.md index 0238759a20..7382dd4316 100644 --- a/psa/031/012.md +++ b/psa/031/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People do not think about dead people. The writer does not think people think ab # like a broken pot The writer speaks of himself as if he was completely useless. "as useless as a broken pot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/013.md b/psa/031/013.md index 5bc23ca9bc..08c5eca970 100644 --- a/psa/031/013.md +++ b/psa/031/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is implied that "many" refers to people. Alternate translation: "many people # take away my life This idiom means to kill someone. Alternate translation: "kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/014.md b/psa/031/014.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/031/014.md +++ b/psa/031/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/031/015.md b/psa/031/015.md index 1fcf7d7976..9a383f870c 100644 --- a/psa/031/015.md +++ b/psa/031/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "your hand" refers to Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "You have the # from those who pursue me "from people who try to capture me" - diff --git a/psa/031/016.md b/psa/031/016.md index 061d1c922f..a015756675 100644 --- a/psa/031/016.md +++ b/psa/031/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably towards him as if Yahweh's face sho # save me in your covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "save me because you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/017.md b/psa/031/017.md index aa1a88b28d..4d2facbe48 100644 --- a/psa/031/017.md +++ b/psa/031/017.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to "wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) # May they be silent in Sheol Here "in Sheol" represents death. Alternate translation: "Let them die so they cannot speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/018.md b/psa/031/018.md index d9b1ca8ce7..3faece002f 100644 --- a/psa/031/018.md +++ b/psa/031/018.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # May lying lips be silenced This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "May someone make these lying lips silent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) + # lying lips These represent lying people. Alternate translation: "people who lie" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) @@ -12,4 +13,3 @@ Here "the righteous" refers to people who are righteous. Alternate translation: # with arrogance and contempt These terms have similar meanings. Alternate translation: "with a complete lack of respect" - diff --git a/psa/031/019.md b/psa/031/019.md index 624a55c65c..06b22647aa 100644 --- a/psa/031/019.md +++ b/psa/031/019.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh's goodness is spoken of as if it was something that could be stored up li # take refuge in you Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. See how you translated this in [Psalms 31:1](../031/001.md). Alternate translation: "those who go to you for protection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/020.md b/psa/031/020.md index f3079aa546..db4114d372 100644 --- a/psa/031/020.md +++ b/psa/031/020.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here a "shelter" represents a safe place. Alternate translation: "You provide a # from the strife of tongues Here "tongues" refer to the people who are speaking violent things against the writer. Alternate translation: "where their enemies cannot speak evil at them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/021.md b/psa/031/021.md index c94aa52c58..190ad0f1fb 100644 --- a/psa/031/021.md +++ b/psa/031/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he showed me his marvelous covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "he showed me that he is wonderfully faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/022.md b/psa/031/022.md index 962e7d0ed6..2f951e494e 100644 --- a/psa/031/022.md +++ b/psa/031/022.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh is represented by his "eyes." Alternate translation: "you" (See: [[r # you heard my plea for help Here "plea" can be expressed with a verb. Alternate translation: "you heard me plead for help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/023.md b/psa/031/023.md index 180b674ead..25d5ab9f27 100644 --- a/psa/031/023.md +++ b/psa/031/023.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the faithful people. Alternate translation: "the people who are f # he pays back the arrogant in full Here "pay back" is an idiom that refers to punishment. Alternate translation: "he gives the proud people all of the punishment that they deserve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/031/024.md b/psa/031/024.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/031/024.md +++ b/psa/031/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/031/intro.md b/psa/031/intro.md index d406a04407..868f22eb3a 100644 --- a/psa/031/intro.md +++ b/psa/031/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 031 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 31 is a psalm of deliverance. The psalmist's enemies thought they had defeated him, but God protected him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Abandonment -Even though everyone deserted and despised the psalmist, God did not abandon him. +### Abandonment + +Even though everyone deserted and despised the psalmist, God did not abandon him. ## Links: * __[Psalms 31:1](../../psa/031/001.md)__ __[<<](../030/intro.md) | [>>](../032/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/032/001.md b/psa/032/001.md index 59a8e40265..055d808e6c 100644 --- a/psa/032/001.md +++ b/psa/032/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These phrases have similar meanings. They can be stated in active form. Alternat # whose sin is covered Here sin that is forgiven is spoken of as if it were covered so that it can not be seen. Alternate translation: "whose sin is ignored" or "whose sin is deliberately forgotten" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/032/002.md b/psa/032/002.md index 61741397b8..d219110ac3 100644 --- a/psa/032/002.md +++ b/psa/032/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Yahweh sees as i # in whose spirit there is no deceit Here "spirit" refers to the person. Alternate translation: "in whom there is not deceit" or "who is completely honest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/032/003.md b/psa/032/003.md index 4fe2abc2a7..9f3615cb46 100644 --- a/psa/032/003.md +++ b/psa/032/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my bones" refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "I was wasting away # all day long This idiom means "continually." Alternate translation: "all the time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/032/004.md b/psa/032/004.md index 1c6d9d5921..1f9f0ad7d0 100644 --- a/psa/032/004.md +++ b/psa/032/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to Yahweh. The entire phrase is an idiom that means "you affl # My strength withered as in summer drought David's strength is compared to a small, green plant that turns brown and crumbles in the dry season. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/032/005.md b/psa/032/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/032/005.md +++ b/psa/032/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/032/006.md b/psa/032/006.md index 5692940059..b9db9edde7 100644 --- a/psa/032/006.md +++ b/psa/032/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # When the surging waters overflow, the waters will not reach them Difficulties are spoken of as if they were a flood of water. Alternate translation: "Then when difficulties come like a flood of water, those people will be safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/032/007.md b/psa/032/007.md index b436f649c6..3c203c810b 100644 --- a/psa/032/007.md +++ b/psa/032/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is spoken of as if he was a safe place from the attacks of the writer's e # You will surround me with the songs of victory This metaphor apparently means that Yahweh's protection of the writer is the cause for songs of victory to be sung. Alternate translation: "Because of you I will sing songs of victory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/032/008.md b/psa/032/008.md index 86c36f1dd2..6699a73f77 100644 --- a/psa/032/008.md +++ b/psa/032/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Living in the correct way is spoken of as if it were a path that the writer shou # with my eye upon you Here "my eye" refers to Yahweh's attention. Alternate translation: "and direct my attention to you" or "and watch over you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/032/009.md b/psa/032/009.md index a71cf47cd3..01021f5bad 100644 --- a/psa/032/009.md +++ b/psa/032/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Two tools that are used by people to guide horses and mules go where the rider w # where you want them to "where anyone wants them to go." The "you" here is singular and refers to no one in particular. - diff --git a/psa/032/010.md b/psa/032/010.md index 499d2fecdb..842f573436 100644 --- a/psa/032/010.md +++ b/psa/032/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh's covenant faithfulness will surround the one who trusts in him Yahweh being faithful to a person and protecting that person is spoken of as if Yahweh's covenant faithfulness surrounded the person. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Because Yahweh is faithful to his covenant, he will protect the one who trusts in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/032/011.md b/psa/032/011.md index 96d2d1e437..7aa562d625 100644 --- a/psa/032/011.md +++ b/psa/032/011.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to people. Alternate translation: "you righteous people" (See: [[rc: # who are upright in heart Here "heart" refers to the person. Alternate translation: "people who are upright" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/032/intro.md b/psa/032/intro.md index 09ca54219b..7d03b2937e 100644 --- a/psa/032/intro.md +++ b/psa/032/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 032 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 32 is a psalm of confession of sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/confess]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Confession of sin -#### Confession of sin This psalm tells of the sorrow of unconfessed sin; it also tells of the blessing of confession and of receiving God's forgiveness. It is such a blessing when God forgives sin. Trouble comes when sin is hidden and not confessed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This psalm tells of the sorrow of unconfessed sin; it also tells of the blessing * __[Psalms 32:1](../../psa/032/001.md)__ __[<<](../031/intro.md) | [>>](../033/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/033/001.md b/psa/033/001.md index 3f3a712d81..623237f745 100644 --- a/psa/033/001.md +++ b/psa/033/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "in Yahweh" refers to what Yahweh has done for them. "Rejoice because of wh # praise is appropriate for the upright "to praise Yahweh is appropriate for upright people" - diff --git a/psa/033/002.md b/psa/033/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/033/002.md +++ b/psa/033/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/033/003.md b/psa/033/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/033/003.md +++ b/psa/033/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/033/004.md b/psa/033/004.md index d94f1af2af..23e8daa46e 100644 --- a/psa/033/004.md +++ b/psa/033/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Each verse consists of two lines that have very similar meanings. (See: [[rc://e # Yahweh's word is upright Here "upright" is used as a metaphor for something that is true. Alternate translation: "Yahweh always does what he says that he will do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/005.md b/psa/033/005.md index 68eedc6abe..65004c5d2d 100644 --- a/psa/033/005.md +++ b/psa/033/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These abstract nouns can be stated as actions. Alternate translation: "He loves # The earth is full of Yahweh's covenant faithfulness People everywhere in the world being able to see evidence of Yahweh's covenant faithfulness is spoken of as if his covenant faithfulness filled the earth. The abstract noun "covenant faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "People everywhere on earth can see that Yahweh is faithful to his covenant" or "Throughout the earth, there is evidence that Yahweh is faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/006.md b/psa/033/006.md index cda6b4a7de..8001fb562f 100644 --- a/psa/033/006.md +++ b/psa/033/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "By using his word, Ya # by the breath of his mouth This refers to Yahweh's word. Alternate translation: "by his word" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/007.md b/psa/033/007.md index b5a2b5fcfc..b00eafc4b8 100644 --- a/psa/033/007.md +++ b/psa/033/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Each verse consists of two lines that have very similar meanings. (See: [[rc://e # he puts the oceans in storehouses The writer describes the creation of the oceans as if God put them in a storehouse. Alternate translation: "he puts the oceans in their place, just like a man puts grain in a storehouse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/008.md b/psa/033/008.md index 5c50fa5725..58bdbb7aee 100644 --- a/psa/033/008.md +++ b/psa/033/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the people on the earth. Alternate translation: "Let everyone on # stand in awe of him Here "stand in awe" is an idiom that means "be in awe." Alternate translation: "honor him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/009.md b/psa/033/009.md index 468de16570..416c81a2ba 100644 --- a/psa/033/009.md +++ b/psa/033/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stood in place Here "stood in place" is an idiom that means "was created." Alternate translation: "started to exist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/010.md b/psa/033/010.md index 994390cc22..c541206259 100644 --- a/psa/033/010.md +++ b/psa/033/010.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ An alliance is an agreement between two or more nations to support each other in # the plans of the peoples "the intentions of the peoples" Alternate translation: "the evil plans of the peoples" - diff --git a/psa/033/011.md b/psa/033/011.md index 4e091c486b..dd413bb48d 100644 --- a/psa/033/011.md +++ b/psa/033/011.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "his heart" refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "his plans" (See: [[rc # for all generations "for all future generations." This is an idiom that means "forever." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/012.md b/psa/033/012.md index 8e69370af1..8940da8740 100644 --- a/psa/033/012.md +++ b/psa/033/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the nation" refers to the people of the nation. Alternate translation: "Bl # as his own inheritance The people Yahweh has chosen to worship him are described here as if they were an inheritance that he has received. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/013.md b/psa/033/013.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/033/013.md +++ b/psa/033/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/033/014.md b/psa/033/014.md index 8348999cc0..da53c7a09b 100644 --- a/psa/033/014.md +++ b/psa/033/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he looks down The place where Yahweh lives is spoken of as if it is above the earth where people live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/015.md b/psa/033/015.md index 42ac003e3f..357d5fca78 100644 --- a/psa/033/015.md +++ b/psa/033/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # shapes the hearts of them all Here "hearts" refers to the thinking of these people. The writer speaks of Yahweh guiding the thinking of the people as if he were a potter who was shaping a bowl. Alternate translation: "guides their thinking as a potter shapes a bowl" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/016.md b/psa/033/016.md index 793481117d..4fe7dd6d78 100644 --- a/psa/033/016.md +++ b/psa/033/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No king is saved by a vast army This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "A large army is not what saves a king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/017.md b/psa/033/017.md index 95c04742b9..0341164b6f 100644 --- a/psa/033/017.md +++ b/psa/033/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A horse is a false hope for victory Here "a horse" represents the strongest part of the army. Alternate translation: "Having an army with strong horses does not provide security" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/018.md b/psa/033/018.md index 06c8887363..f5d25eb47e 100644 --- a/psa/033/018.md +++ b/psa/033/018.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "eye" refers to Yahweh's attention. Alternate translation: "Yahweh's attent # those who hope in his covenant faithfulness The idiom to "count on" means to "wait for" or to "expect." The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adverb. Alternate translation: "those who expect him to act faithfully because of his covenant" or "those who wait for him to act because he is faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/019.md b/psa/033/019.md index 5cf6facd6e..4af4499201 100644 --- a/psa/033/019.md +++ b/psa/033/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to deliver their lives from death Here "their lives" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "to keep them from dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/020.md b/psa/033/020.md index e5898adef6..9fe6f4266f 100644 --- a/psa/033/020.md +++ b/psa/033/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "wait" is an idiom that refers to trust. Alternate translation: "We trust i # he is our help and our shield Here Yahweh is spoken of as if he is a shield that protects soldiers in battle. Alternate translation: "he is our helper and protects us like a shield" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/021.md b/psa/033/021.md index 090236f30f..7d60ade647 100644 --- a/psa/033/021.md +++ b/psa/033/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hearts" refer to the people. Alternate translation: "We rejoice" (See: [[r # in his holy name Here "holy name" refers to Yahweh's holy character. Alternate translation: "in his holy character" or "in him because he is holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/033/022.md b/psa/033/022.md index 4c2497d751..008d0dca18 100644 --- a/psa/033/022.md +++ b/psa/033/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh acting faithfully towards the people is spoken of as if Yahweh's covenant # as we put our hope in you "as we hope for your help" - diff --git a/psa/033/intro.md b/psa/033/intro.md index 7da236bff8..614b56ef8e 100644 --- a/psa/033/intro.md +++ b/psa/033/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 033 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 33 is a worship song. It tells how great God is. +Psalm 33 is a worship song. It tells how great God is. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's power -#### God's power God is the creator and also the God of his people, Israel. Whatever he plans works out. He alone provides safety in battle. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God is the creator and also the God of his people, Israel. Whatever he plans wor * __[Psalms 33:1](../../psa/033/001.md)__ __[<<](../032/intro.md) | [>>](../034/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/034/001.md b/psa/034/001.md index 713057219f..11a8e1072e 100644 --- a/psa/034/001.md +++ b/psa/034/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to a specific historical event that the Hebrews knew well. Alternate # his praise will always be in my mouth Here "in my mouth" refers to David speaking about Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I will always praise him out loud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/002.md b/psa/034/002.md index 031d03bbc6..065236618d 100644 --- a/psa/034/002.md +++ b/psa/034/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the oppressed This refers to people who are oppressed. Alternate translation: "the oppressed people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/003.md b/psa/034/003.md index e5bfcde75c..ce013e44e0 100644 --- a/psa/034/003.md +++ b/psa/034/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "lift up" is an idiom that refers to exalting Yahweh. Alternate translation # his name Here "his name" refers to Yahweh's character. Alternate translation: "his character" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/004.md b/psa/034/004.md index 71131051c2..5b40070581 100644 --- a/psa/034/004.md +++ b/psa/034/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I sought Yahweh Here "sought Yahweh" means David was asking Yahweh for help. Alternate translation: "I prayed to Yahweh" or "I asked Yahweh for help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/005.md b/psa/034/005.md index 06ce121188..c4acc53018 100644 --- a/psa/034/005.md +++ b/psa/034/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom refers to their appearance as being joyful. Alternate translation: "a # their faces are not ashamed Here "their faces" refers to the people who look to Yahweh. It can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "they are not ashamed" or "they are proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/006.md b/psa/034/006.md index 4431bc3d52..a07f5f1367 100644 --- a/psa/034/006.md +++ b/psa/034/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David describes himself as an oppressed man. Alternate translation: "I was oppre # Yahweh heard him Here "heard" means that Yahweh helped him. Alternate translation: "Yahweh heard me" or "Yahweh helped him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/007.md b/psa/034/007.md index 9ef860bcc6..a681769e75 100644 --- a/psa/034/007.md +++ b/psa/034/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # camps around The angel of Yahweh is spoken of as if he were an army that camps around someone in order to protect them. Alternate translation: "guards" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/008.md b/psa/034/008.md index 82cb4d7222..efe97f32a1 100644 --- a/psa/034/008.md +++ b/psa/034/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's goodness is spoken of as something that can be tasted and seen. Alterna # takes refuge Yahweh is spoken of as if he were a place where people can hide for protection from their enemies. Alternate translation: "trust him to protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/009.md b/psa/034/009.md index b6496a5354..6c2b37112f 100644 --- a/psa/034/009.md +++ b/psa/034/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There is no lack for those who fear him This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Those who fear him will always have what they need" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/010.md b/psa/034/010.md index e3b9fbd91b..0c62d92e07 100644 --- a/psa/034/010.md +++ b/psa/034/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will not lack anything good This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "will always have the good things they need" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/011.md b/psa/034/011.md index a35b142175..0969beddfa 100644 --- a/psa/034/011.md +++ b/psa/034/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sons Here this does not refer to literal sons of the writer, but to the people he is teaching about Yahweh. Alternate translation: "my students" - diff --git a/psa/034/012.md b/psa/034/012.md index bd8fbdd5d6..2cd585bc98 100644 --- a/psa/034/012.md +++ b/psa/034/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What man is there who delights in life and loves many days, that he may see good? The implicit answer to this question is "every man." This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Every man delights in life and desires to live many days and have a good life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/013.md b/psa/034/013.md index aad6ea15ab..73097c49a0 100644 --- a/psa/034/013.md +++ b/psa/034/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "tongue" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "Therefore, do # keep your lips from speaking lies Here "lips" refers to the person speaking. Alternate translation: "do not speak lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/014.md b/psa/034/014.md index e4efecd0a3..bda2233a25 100644 --- a/psa/034/014.md +++ b/psa/034/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Turn away" is a metaphor for avoiding evil. Alternate translation: "Refuse # Seek peace Here "seek" means to be concerned about peace. Alternate translation: "Try hard to live in peace with other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/015.md b/psa/034/015.md index a6a8d5205a..f7bd392031 100644 --- a/psa/034/015.md +++ b/psa/034/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the eyes of Yahweh" refer to his careful watching. "The righteous" is a re # his ears are directed toward their cry Here Yahweh is represented by his "ears." To be directed toward something means to pay attention to it. Alternate translation: "he pays attention to their cry" or "he answers their cry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/016.md b/psa/034/016.md index bd734b08ea..5a09662cdd 100644 --- a/psa/034/016.md +++ b/psa/034/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to cut off the memory of them from the earth Yahweh will cause people to so completely forget them when they die that it is as if he used a knife to cut off any memory of them. Alternate translation: "so that when they are dead, people will forget them completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/017.md b/psa/034/017.md index 1ee1be0712..a9e2a6cce7 100644 --- a/psa/034/017.md +++ b/psa/034/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh hears Here "hears" means that Yahweh desires to respond to them. Alternate translation: "Yahweh pays attention to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/018.md b/psa/034/018.md index 9039085ffa..0b8d798e65 100644 --- a/psa/034/018.md +++ b/psa/034/018.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a nominal adjective that refers to people who are brokenhearted. Deep sa # those who are crushed in spirit People who are deeply discouraged are spoken of as if their spirits are crushed. Alternate translation: "people who are deeply discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/019.md b/psa/034/019.md index 524f4cae5b..53a7bea183 100644 --- a/psa/034/019.md +++ b/psa/034/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the righteous This refers to people who are righteous. Alternate translation: "the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/020.md b/psa/034/020.md index 2cae6ae838..868106a8ab 100644 --- a/psa/034/020.md +++ b/psa/034/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He keeps all his bones, not one of them will be broken Here "all his bones" is literal, but it also implies that Yahweh takes care of the entire person. Alternate translation: "He provides complete protection for him, he will not be harmed in any way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/021.md b/psa/034/021.md index 686a2cc02a..650524e7d9 100644 --- a/psa/034/021.md +++ b/psa/034/021.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will condemn t # the righteous This refers to righteous people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/022.md b/psa/034/022.md index c0dc8d5e37..7e63cd66b6 100644 --- a/psa/034/022.md +++ b/psa/034/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. It can also be stated in positive form. Alter # take refuge in him Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate translation: "go to him for protection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/034/intro.md b/psa/034/intro.md index 84b419dc7b..607434b944 100644 --- a/psa/034/intro.md +++ b/psa/034/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Psalm 034 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 34 is a teaching psalm and includes thanksgiving. It teaches that living right leads to a good life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]) -The psalm does not relate directly to the superscription given about Abimelech. +The psalm does not relate directly to the superscription given about Abimelech. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's help -#### Yahweh's help Good people can have problems, but God brings them through these. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ Good people can have problems, but God brings them through these. (See: [[rc://e * __[Psalms 34:1](../../psa/034/001.md)__ __[<<](../033/intro.md) | [>>](../035/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/035/001.md b/psa/035/001.md index 675dde4a51..8522301a6a 100644 --- a/psa/035/001.md +++ b/psa/035/001.md @@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) - +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) diff --git a/psa/035/002.md b/psa/035/002.md index a6bcab90b9..df2204be9f 100644 --- a/psa/035/002.md +++ b/psa/035/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer describes God as a warrior who is preparing himself for battle. (See: # small shield and large shield these are defensive weapons - diff --git a/psa/035/003.md b/psa/035/003.md index 0bb4152b23..5db662a2e6 100644 --- a/psa/035/003.md +++ b/psa/035/003.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "say to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta # I am your salvation This can be stated without the abstract noun. Alternate translation: "I am your savior" or "I will save you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/004.md b/psa/035/004.md index 2af286f886..d1e90457a8 100644 --- a/psa/035/004.md +++ b/psa/035/004.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May Yahweh turn back # be turned back "be turned back" here is a metaphor for being unable to accomplish their goal. Alternate translation: "be unsuccessful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/005.md b/psa/035/005.md index 94ddfc2e04..2184a939cd 100644 --- a/psa/035/005.md +++ b/psa/035/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as chaff before the wind The writer's enemies are spoken of as if they are chaff that is easily blown away. Alternate translation: "blown away by the wind like chaff" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/006.md b/psa/035/006.md index 2eb888349f..dc34929d2f 100644 --- a/psa/035/006.md +++ b/psa/035/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to a way that is hidden and dangerous. Alternate translation: "hidde # chases them This refers to the angel of Yahweh being opposed to the writer's enemies. Alternate translation: "works against them" or "opposes them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/007.md b/psa/035/007.md index b6980bd625..1370eeeeab 100644 --- a/psa/035/007.md +++ b/psa/035/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The schemes of the wicked are spoken of as if they were a pit that they dug to c # my life This refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/008.md b/psa/035/008.md index 84d53a2ff6..0438920907 100644 --- a/psa/035/008.md +++ b/psa/035/008.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) fall into the pit of verse 7 or 2) fall into destructio # to their destruction The abstract noun "destruction" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "so that they will be destroyed" or "that is how you should destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/009.md b/psa/035/009.md index de605cd535..4153d45f83 100644 --- a/psa/035/009.md +++ b/psa/035/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in his salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "because you save me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/010.md b/psa/035/010.md index 50cec666cc..dba3fa03ac 100644 --- a/psa/035/010.md +++ b/psa/035/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implicit answer to this question is that no one is like Yahweh. Alternate tr # the poor and needy The words "poor" and "needy" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh saves many who need his help. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/011.md b/psa/035/011.md index ab3e1a7a3a..788d1a96d9 100644 --- a/psa/035/011.md +++ b/psa/035/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rise up This means they testify in a trial. Alternate translation: "volunteer to give a testimony" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/012.md b/psa/035/012.md index 2daab1adc6..b5c353ebab 100644 --- a/psa/035/012.md +++ b/psa/035/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These abstract nouns can be stated in other forms. Alternate translation: "evil # I am sorrowful "I am extremely sad" - diff --git a/psa/035/013.md b/psa/035/013.md index aa0e8f7723..52848490cb 100644 --- a/psa/035/013.md +++ b/psa/035/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the "unrighteous witnesses" ([Psalms 35:11](../035/011 # them, and my prayer returned to my bosom This was a symbol of prayer. Alternate translation: "them with my head bent down in prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/014.md b/psa/035/014.md index 400a9ca5f4..384258ec70 100644 --- a/psa/035/014.md +++ b/psa/035/014.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer mourned as if his own mother had died. Alternate translation: "I mour # I bent down This was a symbol of pain and suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/015.md b/psa/035/015.md index e13977c154..a2ff22ebce 100644 --- a/psa/035/015.md +++ b/psa/035/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means they came together for the purpose of attacking the writer. Alternate # They tore at me Here the treated the writer as if he were a piece of cloth that they could tear to pieces. Alternate translation: "They attacked me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/016.md b/psa/035/016.md index 17372f7f25..bbbb95e491 100644 --- a/psa/035/016.md +++ b/psa/035/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they grind their teeth at me in rage This is a sign of anger and hate. "they made grinding noises with their teeth at me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/017.md b/psa/035/017.md index 03d91f504e..68a07e3b2b 100644 --- a/psa/035/017.md +++ b/psa/035/017.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "me—and I only have one life # from the lions Here the writer speaks of his enemies as if they were vicious lions. Alternate translation: "from my enemies who attack me like wild animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/018.md b/psa/035/018.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/035/018.md +++ b/psa/035/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/035/019.md b/psa/035/019.md index 3e0ae3a927..6006f1b4ba 100644 --- a/psa/035/019.md +++ b/psa/035/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # their wicked schemes "their evil plans" - diff --git a/psa/035/020.md b/psa/035/020.md index 89edc076f7..0561b05925 100644 --- a/psa/035/020.md +++ b/psa/035/020.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "peace" can be stated as "peacefully." Alternate translation: # live in peace The abstract noun "peace" can be stated in other forms. Alternate translation: "live peacefully with others" or "do no harm to anyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/021.md b/psa/035/021.md index cf121db8b5..3df263eab5 100644 --- a/psa/035/021.md +++ b/psa/035/021.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is something an excited person says when he has suddenly seen or understood # our eyes have seen it Here "our eyes" refers to the enemies' eyes. It is implied that they are saying they saw the writer do something wrong. Alternate translation: "we have seen it" or "we saw the wrong things that you did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/022.md b/psa/035/022.md index a6ff731ae5..cdaf07aa27 100644 --- a/psa/035/022.md +++ b/psa/035/022.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "it" refers to the false accusations of the writer's enemies. Alternate tra # do not be far from me This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "be very close to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/023.md b/psa/035/023.md index c172a46e64..7be84b9518 100644 --- a/psa/035/023.md +++ b/psa/035/023.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This abstract noun "defense" can be stated as "defend." Alternate translation: " # my cause This refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/024.md b/psa/035/024.md index bdf9b894d9..cee45a06c6 100644 --- a/psa/035/024.md +++ b/psa/035/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not let them rejoice over me "do not let them be glad because I am suffering" - diff --git a/psa/035/025.md b/psa/035/025.md index 06b3e6cb39..62d9c2e73e 100644 --- a/psa/035/025.md +++ b/psa/035/025.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is implied that the writer's enemies wanted him to be declared guilty. Altern # We have devoured him The writer's enemies speak of his destruction as if they were wild animals who had eaten him. Alternate translation: "We have swallowed him up" or "We have destroyed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/026.md b/psa/035/026.md index f6d0570982..5461111afe 100644 --- a/psa/035/026.md +++ b/psa/035/026.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here shame and dishonor are spoken of as if they were shameful clothes that the # shame and dishonor These terms mean about the same thing and are used to emphasize how degraded they will be. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/027.md b/psa/035/027.md index e039b92af2..dd41686596 100644 --- a/psa/035/027.md +++ b/psa/035/027.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let us praise Yahweh" # welfare well-being, happiness - diff --git a/psa/035/028.md b/psa/035/028.md index e2cf6adb02..2339d1ff65 100644 --- a/psa/035/028.md +++ b/psa/035/028.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tell of your justice The abstract noun "justice" can be stated as "right." Alternate translation: "proclaim that you act in the right way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/035/intro.md b/psa/035/intro.md index 374c210733..7a0f43735b 100644 --- a/psa/035/intro.md +++ b/psa/035/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 035 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 35 is a prayer for deliverance. His enemies are coming against him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Enemies -#### Enemies When his enemies were sick, he tried to comfort them, but when he was in trouble his enemies use this as a time to attack him. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ When his enemies were sick, he tried to comfort them, but when he was in trouble * __[Psalms 35:1](../../psa/035/001.md)__ __[<<](../034/intro.md) | [>>](../036/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/036/001.md b/psa/036/001.md index 0dd91c6511..f2990ffe8e 100644 --- a/psa/036/001.md +++ b/psa/036/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "heart" refers to the inner being of a person. Alternate translation: "from # in his eyes Here "eyes" refers to the wicked person. Alternate translation: "in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/036/002.md b/psa/036/002.md index f9cb69e0b4..de1bfcf577 100644 --- a/psa/036/002.md +++ b/psa/036/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his iniquity will not be discovered and be hated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not discover and hate his sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/036/003.md b/psa/036/003.md index 2421aeccc4..9b456c14b3 100644 --- a/psa/036/003.md +++ b/psa/036/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "mouth" is a metonym for the writer. The abstract noun "wickedness # do good "do things that are good" - diff --git a/psa/036/004.md b/psa/036/004.md index 9c042ca5b6..3bebbfe15d 100644 --- a/psa/036/004.md +++ b/psa/036/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sinful actions of the man are spoken of as if he was walking along a path th # he does not reject evil Here "evil" can be stated in another form. Alternate translation: "he does not reject evil behavior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/036/005.md b/psa/036/005.md index 78278149b2..dbeb15bd09 100644 --- a/psa/036/005.md +++ b/psa/036/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The greatness of God's covenant faithfulness is spoken of as if it were an objec # reaches to the clouds The greatness of God's loyalty is spoken of as if it was very high. Alternate translation: "is as high as the clouds" or "is enormously great" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/036/006.md b/psa/036/006.md index 38eb6e5c0d..93429e8985 100644 --- a/psa/036/006.md +++ b/psa/036/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases describe the greatness of God's righteousness and judgments as if # you preserve "you help" or "you save" - diff --git a/psa/036/007.md b/psa/036/007.md index 2110908207..6b2b093650 100644 --- a/psa/036/007.md +++ b/psa/036/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How precious is your covenant faithfulness The word "precious" refers to how greatly the writer values Yahweh's covenant faithfulness. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "I greatly value how you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/036/008.md b/psa/036/008.md index 2e7f76ebba..95ccf90222 100644 --- a/psa/036/008.md +++ b/psa/036/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Eating much food as guests in a house is a metaphor for God providing all his pe # you let them drink from the river of your delights There are two metaphors here. God's abundant blessings are spoken of as if they are the water in a flowing river. Also, those who receive those blessings are spoken of as if they are drinking them like water. Alternate translation: "your precious blessings are like a river from which you will let them drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/036/009.md b/psa/036/009.md index 6a682bc6d1..f6a8d9d2c8 100644 --- a/psa/036/009.md +++ b/psa/036/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in your light we will see light Here "light" is a metaphor for true knowledge. Alternate translation: "when you enlighten us, we will know the truth" or "your light is what enables us to know the truth about you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/036/010.md b/psa/036/010.md index 877ac8663a..098b015ccf 100644 --- a/psa/036/010.md +++ b/psa/036/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "defense" can be stated as a verb. "Continue" is implied from # the upright of heart Here "heart" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "the upright" or "people who act righteously" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/036/011.md b/psa/036/011.md index 7f90483042..0b656d3926 100644 --- a/psa/036/011.md +++ b/psa/036/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "foot" and "hand" refer to the evil people. These are not specific men. Thi # drive me away "send me away" or "make me leave my place" - diff --git a/psa/036/012.md b/psa/036/012.md index 838237d1f1..2396a80fbe 100644 --- a/psa/036/012.md +++ b/psa/036/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you have pushed them # are not able to get up "cannot get up" or "will never again harm anyone" - diff --git a/psa/036/intro.md b/psa/036/intro.md index f93617a8e2..793dadde9f 100644 --- a/psa/036/intro.md +++ b/psa/036/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 036 General Notes -### Formatting in this chapter +## Formatting in this chapter Psalm 36 is a psalm of praise. It speaks of how good God is to those who love him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God and man -#### God and man Evil people do not think about God; but he is such a pleasure to all who honor him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Evil people do not think about God; but he is such a pleasure to all who honor h * __[Psalms 36:1](../../psa/036/001.md)__ __[<<](../035/intro.md) | [>>](../037/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/037/001.md b/psa/037/001.md index a9edaa19d8..83d8d09132 100644 --- a/psa/037/001.md +++ b/psa/037/001.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # Do not be irritated because of evildoers "Do not let wicked people upset you" or "Do not be bothered by what wicked people do" - diff --git a/psa/037/002.md b/psa/037/002.md index 741584d41b..5f2509ec60 100644 --- a/psa/037/002.md +++ b/psa/037/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # dry up as the grass ... wither as the green plants Evildoers are spoken of as if they are grass and plants that dry up and die in the hot weather. These two similes both mean they will die. Alternate translation: "die" or "come to an end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/003.md b/psa/037/003.md index e307144576..e51839be15 100644 --- a/psa/037/003.md +++ b/psa/037/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # graze in faithfulness Faithfulness is spoken of as if it was an animal that would be strengthened by feeding in good pasture. Alternate translation: "nourish faithfulness" or "increase your faithfulness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/004.md b/psa/037/004.md index c69be0e4f5..ccf6e8e2c0 100644 --- a/psa/037/004.md +++ b/psa/037/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the desires of your heart Here "heart" represents the person's inner being and thoughts. Alternate translation: "your deepest, inner desires" or "the things that you desire the most" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/005.md b/psa/037/005.md index 8179a2d3a0..074f28c8ab 100644 --- a/psa/037/005.md +++ b/psa/037/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "give your ways" is an idiom that means to ask Yahweh to control your life. # act on your behalf This is to represent another in legal issues. Here, when one trusts in Yahweh, he will defend that person and grant justice to that person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/006.md b/psa/037/006.md index 4653982cac..a224783ecf 100644 --- a/psa/037/006.md +++ b/psa/037/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means "in full view of everyone." Alternate translation: "as clear to see a # like the day at noon This means "as visible as the noon sun." Alternate translation: "as visible as the light at the brightest time of day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/007.md b/psa/037/007.md index 5f3fd69b62..5825358924 100644 --- a/psa/037/007.md +++ b/psa/037/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Be still "Be quiet" - diff --git a/psa/037/008.md b/psa/037/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/037/008.md +++ b/psa/037/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/037/009.md b/psa/037/009.md index 7a230e00f4..91fe5cb4f5 100644 --- a/psa/037/009.md +++ b/psa/037/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The destruction of the wicked is spoken of as if they were a branch of a plant t # will inherit the land The possession of the land is spoken of as if it will be received as an inheritance. Alternate translation: "will receive the land as their own possession" or "will live safely in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/010.md b/psa/037/010.md index 5b79fd092d..be5a26117b 100644 --- a/psa/037/010.md +++ b/psa/037/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will disappear This idiom refers to the death of the evil man. Alternate translation: "will die and you will no longer see him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/011.md b/psa/037/011.md index 9759f0dab6..49774eafaf 100644 --- a/psa/037/011.md +++ b/psa/037/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the people who are meek. Alternate translation: "the meek people" # will inherit the land The possession of the land is spoken of as if it will be received as an inheritance. See how you translated this in [Psalms 37:9](../037/009.md). Alternate translation: "will receive the land as their own possession" or "will live safely in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/012.md b/psa/037/012.md index 387451db0f..b2eceb9839 100644 --- a/psa/037/012.md +++ b/psa/037/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not refer to specific people. This refers to people who are righteous. # grinds his teeth The wicked man hates the righteous person so much that he grinds his teeth together to show his anger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/013.md b/psa/037/013.md index 5153a72ebe..d28d3ef731 100644 --- a/psa/037/013.md +++ b/psa/037/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his day is coming It is implied that "his day" will be a day of judgment. Alternate translation: "the day is coming when Yahweh will judge and punish him" or "the day is coming when Yahweh will judge and punish the wicked person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/014.md b/psa/037/014.md index a22c5dea42..8d66fb8f7c 100644 --- a/psa/037/014.md +++ b/psa/037/014.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This destruction of the needy people is spoken of as if they were clay pots that # the oppressed and needy These terms both refer to people who are powerless to defend themselves. Alternate translation: "people who are not able to resist them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/015.md b/psa/037/015.md index c4a0e27dd1..fc941e928b 100644 --- a/psa/037/015.md +++ b/psa/037/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their swords will pierce their own hearts Swords are examples of weapons and "hearts" represent the people. To "pierce the heart" is an idiom that means "to kill." Alternate translation: "Their weapons will be turned against them and they will kill themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/016.md b/psa/037/016.md index 99b601d8ab..e9620f26ef 100644 --- a/psa/037/016.md +++ b/psa/037/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The nominal adjective "the little" refers to few possessions. The nominal adject # the abundance This refers to the wealth of the wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/017.md b/psa/037/017.md index a2bb0740d8..1153dbd9da 100644 --- a/psa/037/017.md +++ b/psa/037/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the arms of the wicked people will be broken Here "arms" represent the strength of the wicked people. Breaking their arms represents taking away their power. This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For Yahweh will remove the strength of the wicked people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/018.md b/psa/037/018.md index f79ed7ac2b..125132f3e6 100644 --- a/psa/037/018.md +++ b/psa/037/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "watch over" means to protect someone. Here "the blameless" refers to the bla # day by day This is an idiom that means "continually." Alternate translation: "every day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/019.md b/psa/037/019.md index f0f0082b57..48eba594c4 100644 --- a/psa/037/019.md +++ b/psa/037/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when times are bad This phrase refers to disasters, such as famine. Alternate translation: "when calamities occur" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/020.md b/psa/037/020.md index 583431e087..b7825b51bc 100644 --- a/psa/037/020.md +++ b/psa/037/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer compares Yahweh's enemies to the flowers blooming in the fields. (See # be consumed and disappear in the smoke The writer speaks of the destruction of the wicked as if they were weeds or wilted flowers in the field that are burned off after the harvest. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will destroy them as fire turns the weeds of the field into smoke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/021.md b/psa/037/021.md index 685dee708b..93ba6c7748 100644 --- a/psa/037/021.md +++ b/psa/037/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is generous and gives These mean the same thing and emphasize the generosity of the righteous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/022.md b/psa/037/022.md index 1e5c616f2c..caf20d2b95 100644 --- a/psa/037/022.md +++ b/psa/037/022.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom Yahweh cur # will be cut off The destruction of the wicked is spoken of as if they were a branch of plant that was cut off and thrown away. See how you translated this in [Psalms 37:9](../037/009.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/023.md b/psa/037/023.md index 3ef8a8568e..1d2e3ff8a2 100644 --- a/psa/037/023.md +++ b/psa/037/023.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This does not refer to a specific man, but to people in general. (See: [[rc://en # a man's steps Steps represent the way a person lives. Alternate translation: "the way a man lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/024.md b/psa/037/024.md index 2dc5bc4d5a..d05465566c 100644 --- a/psa/037/024.md +++ b/psa/037/024.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "stumble" and "fall" refer to the man's reaction to difficult times. Altern # holding him with his hand Here "his hand" refers to Yahweh's power, and "holding him" refers to protecting him. Alternate translation: "protecting him with his power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/025.md b/psa/037/025.md index e76cf22a75..3aee90f4d5 100644 --- a/psa/037/025.md +++ b/psa/037/025.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This does not refer to a specific person. It is a general statement. (See: [[rc: # begging for bread Here "bread" represents food in general. Alternate translation: begging for food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/026.md b/psa/037/026.md index 7a7cfcb862..cceac90951 100644 --- a/psa/037/026.md +++ b/psa/037/026.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom means this action is a habit of his life. Alternate translation: "He # his children become a blessing "his children grow up to bless others" - diff --git a/psa/037/027.md b/psa/037/027.md index 2d338ef329..ed045febd9 100644 --- a/psa/037/027.md +++ b/psa/037/027.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Turn away from To stop doing something is spoken of as if the person turned away from it. Alternate translation: "Stop doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/028.md b/psa/037/028.md index bbe1156a3c..4ab77ec363 100644 --- a/psa/037/028.md +++ b/psa/037/028.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will protect t # will be cut off The destruction of the wicked is spoken of as if they were a branch of plant that was cut off and thrown away. See how you translated this in [Psalms 37:9](../037/009.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/029.md b/psa/037/029.md index 515eca2385..427684909c 100644 --- a/psa/037/029.md +++ b/psa/037/029.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will inherit the land The possession of the land is spoken of as if it had been received as an inheritance. See how you translated this in [Psalms 37:9](../037/009.md). Alternate translation: "will receive the land as their own possession" or "will be allowed to live safely in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/030.md b/psa/037/030.md index ac4ffc64c3..c7655ef3f3 100644 --- a/psa/037/030.md +++ b/psa/037/030.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "wisdom" can be stated as "wise." Alternate translation: "give # increases justice The abstract noun "justice" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "encourages other people to live rightly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/031.md b/psa/037/031.md index ccd131d101..15f45a7844 100644 --- a/psa/037/031.md +++ b/psa/037/031.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "in his heart" refers to his deepest inner being. Alternate translation: "H # his feet will not slip Here failure to obey Yahweh is spoken of as slipping off a safe path and falling. Alternate translation: "he will walk safely in the way God wants him to walk" or "he will safely do the things God wants him to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/032.md b/psa/037/032.md index 655567641b..5e6a7afdd6 100644 --- a/psa/037/032.md +++ b/psa/037/032.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to any wicked or righteous person or to wicked and righteous p # spies on the righteous person The wicked person observes the righteous person in order to do him harm. Alternate translation: "waits in ambush for the righteous person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/033.md b/psa/037/033.md index f0bd8ebc44..a54330cf6a 100644 --- a/psa/037/033.md +++ b/psa/037/033.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to the hand of any evil person, not of any specific person. He # when he is judged This refers to Yahweh judging the righteous man. Alternate translation: "When Yahweh judges him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/034.md b/psa/037/034.md index 8693b0784b..74f3503241 100644 --- a/psa/037/034.md +++ b/psa/037/034.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to wicked people. Alternate translation: "the wicked people" (See: [ # are cut off The destruction of the wicked is spoken of as if they were a branch of a plant that was cut off and thrown away. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Psalms 37:9](../037/009.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/035.md b/psa/037/035.md index 3fce5c3f90..4ea1e69611 100644 --- a/psa/037/035.md +++ b/psa/037/035.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not refer to a specific person. It is a general statement. (See: [[rc: # spread out like a green tree in its native soil Here the prosperity of the wicked man is spoken of as if he were a healthy tree growing in good soil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/036.md b/psa/037/036.md index cfe798e1b1..cc7b19d557 100644 --- a/psa/037/036.md +++ b/psa/037/036.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he could not be found This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I could not find him" or "Yahweh had taken him away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/037.md b/psa/037/037.md index 55d566d38c..21f0e5d563 100644 --- a/psa/037/037.md +++ b/psa/037/037.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This does not refer to a specific person. It is a general statement. (See: [[rc: # mark the upright "note carefully the good people" or "notice the good people" - diff --git a/psa/037/038.md b/psa/037/038.md index 26e44dc155..c4e1a6e362 100644 --- a/psa/037/038.md +++ b/psa/037/038.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This does not refer to a specific person. It is a general statement. (See: [[rc: # is cut off The destruction of the wicked is spoken of as if they were a branch of a plant that was cut off and thrown away. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Psalms 37:9](../037/009.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/039.md b/psa/037/039.md index e65404f921..96416aa4eb 100644 --- a/psa/037/039.md +++ b/psa/037/039.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "Salvation" can be expressed as an action. Alternate translati # the righteous This refers to the righteous people. Alternate translation: "the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/040.md b/psa/037/040.md index 706a44f319..9d79cb525c 100644 --- a/psa/037/040.md +++ b/psa/037/040.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This same idea is repeated in several different ways to emphasize that Yahweh is # they have taken refuge in him Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate translation: "they have gone to him for protection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/037/intro.md b/psa/037/intro.md index 7e772418d8..cd2b423d42 100644 --- a/psa/037/intro.md +++ b/psa/037/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 037 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 37 is a teaching psalm. It provides guidance about how to live a moral and God-fearing life. It teaches that evil people do not prosper in the future. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Envy +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Envy + Do not envy evil people. Although it appears as though they prosper, soon they will be destroyed and the good people will continue on living. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Do not envy evil people. Although it appears as though they prosper, soon they w * __[Psalms 37:1](../../psa/037/001.md)__ __[<<](../036/intro.md) | [>>](../038/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/038/001.md b/psa/038/001.md index ed43740b64..a79ed26f3d 100644 --- a/psa/038/001.md +++ b/psa/038/001.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) -# A psalm of David, to bring to remembrance +# A psalm of David, to bring to remembrance This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) David wrote the psalm or 2) the psalm is about David or # do not rebuke me in your anger ... do not punish me in your wrath These phrases mean basically the same thing and the idea is repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/002.md b/psa/038/002.md index 965a3bb2d8..fbb5ddc064 100644 --- a/psa/038/002.md +++ b/psa/038/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The severity of Yahweh's punishment of the writer is spoken of as if Yahweh had # your hand presses me down Yahweh's punishment of the writer is spoken of as if Yahweh was smashing the writer with his hand. Here, "hand" refers to Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "your power knocks me down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/003.md b/psa/038/003.md index edd3077871..a61000c5cc 100644 --- a/psa/038/003.md +++ b/psa/038/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues describing what his guilt and shame does to his body. He uses hy # there is no health in my bones because of my sin Here "my bones" represents the body of the writer. Alternate translation: "my whole body is diseased because of my sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/004.md b/psa/038/004.md index 762424f8f0..e41d4d29ec 100644 --- a/psa/038/004.md +++ b/psa/038/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer's iniquities are spoken of as if they are a flood of water that cover # they are a burden too heavy for me The writer's iniquities are spoken of as if they are a heavy load that he cannot lift. Alternate translation: "they are like a load that is too heavy for me to lift" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/005.md b/psa/038/005.md index 160584be3b..c8b29ceb05 100644 --- a/psa/038/005.md +++ b/psa/038/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues describing what his guilt and shame does to his body. He uses hy # My wounds are infected and smell Here "smell" refer to his sores having a bad smell that is associated with rotting flesh. Alternate translation: "My wounds are infected and stink as they rot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/006.md b/psa/038/006.md index 9ed4ca2c35..075189be9b 100644 --- a/psa/038/006.md +++ b/psa/038/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am stooped over The pain of the writer's wounds have caused him to be bent over as if he were an old, feeble man. Alternate translation: "I am bent over in pain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/007.md b/psa/038/007.md index 8c48465cd0..7b43f6427f 100644 --- a/psa/038/007.md +++ b/psa/038/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer's is so sick with fever that it is as if he is burning inside. Altern # there is no health in my flesh Here "my flesh" refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "I am completely sick" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/008.md b/psa/038/008.md index 5a07e36518..11ec648237 100644 --- a/psa/038/008.md +++ b/psa/038/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer's illness is so severe that it is as if a huge weight is pressing dow # anguish of my heart Here "my heart" refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "my anguish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/009.md b/psa/038/009.md index 887f04ae9b..57c5d34380 100644 --- a/psa/038/009.md +++ b/psa/038/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my heart" refers to the writer. It may be helpful to state that the writer # my groanings are not hidden from you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you are able to see all my moans of sorrow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/010.md b/psa/038/010.md index a72b48de28..6101733dbc 100644 --- a/psa/038/010.md +++ b/psa/038/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means his heart beats intensely. Alternate translation: "My heart bea # the light of my eyes, even that is not with me "I can no longer see well" - diff --git a/psa/038/011.md b/psa/038/011.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/038/011.md +++ b/psa/038/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/038/012.md b/psa/038/012.md index a3155c9eac..ba82a60d6e 100644 --- a/psa/038/012.md +++ b/psa/038/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The plots of the writer's enemies are spoken of as if they were traps that they # speak destructive words and say deceitful words These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the hurtful nature of what these people say. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/013.md b/psa/038/013.md index 7d42452357..99c0a3660c 100644 --- a/psa/038/013.md +++ b/psa/038/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer does not speak evil words to or about his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta # a mute man a person who cannot speak - diff --git a/psa/038/014.md b/psa/038/014.md index 7da3d0fadd..255e377c49 100644 --- a/psa/038/014.md +++ b/psa/038/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer does not listen to what his enemies are saying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # has no reply The writer does not speak evil words to or about his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/015.md b/psa/038/015.md index 7363f74dd4..8b49067af9 100644 --- a/psa/038/015.md +++ b/psa/038/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you will answer Possible meanings are 1) "you will answer me" or 2) "you will answer my enemies." - diff --git a/psa/038/016.md b/psa/038/016.md index 3a8da03517..b2225ba7eb 100644 --- a/psa/038/016.md +++ b/psa/038/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # If my foot slips Here "my foot" represents the writer. The slipping of his foot is a metaphor that refers to the writer's troubles and misfortunes. Alternate translation: "If I make mistakes that cause me trouble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/017.md b/psa/038/017.md index 475317fdbc..307e618708 100644 --- a/psa/038/017.md +++ b/psa/038/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings for this metaphor are 1) "I am so sick that I am about to die" # I am in constant pain "I am always in pain" - diff --git a/psa/038/018.md b/psa/038/018.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/038/018.md +++ b/psa/038/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/038/019.md b/psa/038/019.md index 2c9f145f70..76c9811d3b 100644 --- a/psa/038/019.md +++ b/psa/038/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But my enemies are numerous ... are many These two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/020.md b/psa/038/020.md index 49af1d61fa..6fcd7d8e3b 100644 --- a/psa/038/020.md +++ b/psa/038/020.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The way the writer's enemies accuse him is spoken of as if they were throwing ac # pursued what is good The writers desire for what is good is spoken of as if he were running after good things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/021.md b/psa/038/021.md index 0c8af53c1e..61c3168418 100644 --- a/psa/038/021.md +++ b/psa/038/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have very similar meanings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pa # do not stay far away from me Because Yahweh has not yet answered the writer's request, he speaks of Yahweh as if Yahweh were standing far away from the writer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/022.md b/psa/038/022.md index c3f175e59b..d0477018d7 100644 --- a/psa/038/022.md +++ b/psa/038/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God is spoken of as if he is running to the writer to help him. (See: [[rc://en/ # my salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "you are the one who saves me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/038/intro.md b/psa/038/intro.md index a6e93cc910..622ba0a2f0 100644 --- a/psa/038/intro.md +++ b/psa/038/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 038 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 38 is a confession of sin and a prayer for deliverance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/confess]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Author's sickness +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Author's sickness + The author was very sick and his enemies were seeking ways to destroy him. ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ The author was very sick and his enemies were seeking ways to destroy him. * __[Psalms 38:1](../../psa/038/001.md)__ __[<<](../037/intro.md) | [>>](../039/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/039/001.md b/psa/039/001.md index a0541c3b7c..7127d06021 100644 --- a/psa/039/001.md +++ b/psa/039/001.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "tongue" refers to the writer's speech. Alternate translation: "so that I d # muzzle To "muzzle" means to keep a mouth shut. Here David means that he will not speak while he is with an evil person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/039/002.md b/psa/039/002.md index 76696ad99c..85883830d7 100644 --- a/psa/039/002.md +++ b/psa/039/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the writer did not spea # I kept back my words "I did not speak" - diff --git a/psa/039/003.md b/psa/039/003.md index d643d2f13e..e8be131a07 100644 --- a/psa/039/003.md +++ b/psa/039/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My heart became hot ... it burned like a fire Here "heart" represents the whole person. The anxious thoughts of the writer are spoken of as if they were a fire burning inside him. Alternate translation: "I became very anxious when I thought about these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/039/004.md b/psa/039/004.md index 2710f907b4..312dd88e3f 100644 --- a/psa/039/004.md +++ b/psa/039/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-par # Show me how transient I am "Show me how brief my life is" or "Show me how soon I will die" - diff --git a/psa/039/005.md b/psa/039/005.md index 93a6501040..a9d896089a 100644 --- a/psa/039/005.md +++ b/psa/039/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This simile states that the length of the writer's life is so short that it does # Surely every man is a single breath Life is short, and the psalmist speaks of it here as if it were only as long as the time it takes for a person to breathe one breath. Alternate translation: "The time that humans live is as short as a single breath of a person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/039/006.md b/psa/039/006.md index 4de81e5586..39d72e0fb9 100644 --- a/psa/039/006.md +++ b/psa/039/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The lives of people are spoken of as if they are as insignificant as shadows. Al # although they do not know who will receive them Here it is implied that they do not know what will happen to their wealth after they die. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/039/007.md b/psa/039/007.md index dbee41469f..e122e5ef16 100644 --- a/psa/039/007.md +++ b/psa/039/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Now, Lord, for what am I waiting? The writer asks this question to emphasize that people cannot help him. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "So now, Yahweh, I can expect to receive nothing from anyone else." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/039/008.md b/psa/039/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/039/008.md +++ b/psa/039/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/039/009.md b/psa/039/009.md index 41954cf25b..709818a9b3 100644 --- a/psa/039/009.md +++ b/psa/039/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-par # because it is you who has done it "because my punishment comes from you" - diff --git a/psa/039/010.md b/psa/039/010.md index 8e57991857..97314e2d42 100644 --- a/psa/039/010.md +++ b/psa/039/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's punishment of the writer is spoken of as if God was wounding him with a we # the blow of your hand God's punishment of the writer is spoken of as if God was striking him with his fist. Here "hand" represents God's judgment. Alternate translation: "your judgment on me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/039/011.md b/psa/039/011.md index 582769c0a4..ef8bacb9a6 100644 --- a/psa/039/011.md +++ b/psa/039/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God will take away the things they value in the same way as a moth eats a piece # all people are nothing but vapor The writer speaks of the frailty of people as if they were mist that disappears quickly. Alternate translation: "everyone is completely fragile" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/039/012.md b/psa/039/012.md index b8baec1687..c07a063e1a 100644 --- a/psa/039/012.md +++ b/psa/039/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The reader should understand that the writer is extremely sad. # I am like a foreigner with you, a sojourner The writer speaks of Yahweh's lack of response as if Yahweh considered him to be a total stranger to him. Alternate translation: "I am like a complete stranger to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/039/013.md b/psa/039/013.md index fb78f29589..ff5fdc5283 100644 --- a/psa/039/013.md +++ b/psa/039/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "your gaze" represents Yahweh's punishment. Alternate translation: "Please # so that I may smile again Here "smile" is associated with being happy. Alternate translation: "so that I can be happy again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/039/intro.md b/psa/039/intro.md index 54107192d4..ed211b950d 100644 --- a/psa/039/intro.md +++ b/psa/039/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,19 @@ # Psalm 039 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 39 is a psalm of deliverance from sickness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) +Psalm 39 is a psalm of deliverance from sickness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Life -Life on earth is short. The psalmist wanted God's healing so he can enjoy the rest of his life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]) +### Life -This psalm shares some characteristics of another wisdom book called Ecclesiastes or Koheleth but is more positive. +Life on earth is short. The psalmist wanted God's healing so he can enjoy the rest of his life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]) + +This psalm shares some characteristics of another wisdom book called Ecclesiastes or Koheleth but is more positive. ## Links: * __[Psalms 39:1](../../psa/039/001.md)__ __[<<](../038/intro.md) | [>>](../040/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/040/001.md b/psa/040/001.md index 6fd79a2e9a..ca3ace020a 100644 --- a/psa/040/001.md +++ b/psa/040/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This means the writer was waiting for Yahweh to help him. # he listened to me ... heard my cry These mean the same thing, and can be combined into one statement. Alternate translation: "he listened to me when I called out to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/002.md b/psa/040/002.md index 2950864278..bf1264bfc2 100644 --- a/psa/040/002.md +++ b/psa/040/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two metaphors mean the same thing. The writer's danger is spoken of as if # he set my feet on a rock Here "my feet" refers to the writer, and "a rock" refers a place of safety. Alternate translation: "he provided safety for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/003.md b/psa/040/003.md index 171ad09366..472fd0514c 100644 --- a/psa/040/003.md +++ b/psa/040/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The noun "praise" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "a song to pra # Many will see it Here "see it" refers to hearing the writer sing his song about what God has done for him. Alternate translation: "Many people will hear me tell what Yahweh has done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/004.md b/psa/040/004.md index b3e5ac0636..c51ad247b9 100644 --- a/psa/040/004.md +++ b/psa/040/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people who are proud. Alternate translation: "proud people" ( # to lies The Hebrew word is unclear. Possible meanings are 1) "lies" or 2) "false gods." - diff --git a/psa/040/005.md b/psa/040/005.md index e670a97836..edd1a9de4a 100644 --- a/psa/040/005.md +++ b/psa/040/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one can count all # cannot be numbered ... more than could be counted These phrases mean essentially the same thing. The first is stated in negative form, and the second is stated in positive form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/006.md b/psa/040/006.md index dff70fca50..530d0e6d11 100644 --- a/psa/040/006.md +++ b/psa/040/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "ears" refers to the ability to hear. Alternate translation: "you have enab # you have not required burnt offerings or sin offerings This is an exaggeration to show that these things were not the most important to God. Alternate translation: "animals burned on the altar and other offerings for our sins are not what you require most" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/007.md b/psa/040/007.md index 35f4799a6b..04eeb3ea91 100644 --- a/psa/040/007.md +++ b/psa/040/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the scroll of the document This refers to a scroll on which was written the word of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the written scroll" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/008.md b/psa/040/008.md index 6e14a3e488..dad40d3be8 100644 --- a/psa/040/008.md +++ b/psa/040/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your laws are in my heart Here "my heart" refers to the inner being of the writer. Alternate translation: "I am always thinking about your laws within my inner being" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/009.md b/psa/040/009.md index 3500eee4cb..4c22f05381 100644 --- a/psa/040/009.md +++ b/psa/040/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the good news that God rescues his people. Alternate translation: # my lips have not kept back from doing this Here "my lips" represents the writer, emphasizing his speech. Alternate translation: "I have not stopped myself from proclaiming these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/010.md b/psa/040/010.md index bd7becf4cb..dbb96635e1 100644 --- a/psa/040/010.md +++ b/psa/040/010.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful." Alternate translat # your trustworthiness This abstract noun "trustworthiness" can be stated as "trustworthy." Alternate translation: "how trustworthy you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/011.md b/psa/040/011.md index dab3d4c2de..a0a8fbf9fa 100644 --- a/psa/040/011.md +++ b/psa/040/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let your covenant faithfulness and your trustworthiness always preserve me Here "covenant faithfulness" and "trustworthiness" are spoken of as if they were living people who could protect the writer. Alternate translation: "I want your covenant faithfulness and your trustworthiness to always preserve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/012.md b/psa/040/012.md index 0587a302ca..e93998c9b5 100644 --- a/psa/040/012.md +++ b/psa/040/012.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Versions differ in how to understand this difficult passage. It may mean that th # my heart has failed me Here "heart" refers to the writer's inner confidence. Alternate translation: "I am very discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/013.md b/psa/040/013.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/040/013.md +++ b/psa/040/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/040/014.md b/psa/040/014.md index 23650e3ef5..51a4a5e9b2 100644 --- a/psa/040/014.md +++ b/psa/040/014.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be reordered and stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let tho # turned back "unable to continue" - diff --git a/psa/040/015.md b/psa/040/015.md index 6ea8ea2f79..2fe29ecfd9 100644 --- a/psa/040/015.md +++ b/psa/040/015.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ "I hope that they will be appalled when you cause them to be ashamed" # Aha, aha! -These words indicate that the speaker has seen the hearer doing evil that the hearer did not think anyone knew about. You can use here words in your language that mean the same thing but sound different. See how this is translated in [Psalms 35:21](../035/021.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) +These words indicate that the speaker has seen the hearer doing evil that the hearer did not think anyone knew about. You can use here words in your language that mean the same thing but sound different. See how this is translated in [Psalms 35:21](../035/021.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]]) diff --git a/psa/040/016.md b/psa/040/016.md index a935327d37..fc16802dc2 100644 --- a/psa/040/016.md +++ b/psa/040/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize the intensity of joy. Altern # loves your salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "love you because you saved them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/017.md b/psa/040/017.md index 639ecb38f2..eb730d370e 100644 --- a/psa/040/017.md +++ b/psa/040/017.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] # do not delay This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "respond quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/040/intro.md b/psa/040/intro.md index bb66479135..442b5d931a 100644 --- a/psa/040/intro.md +++ b/psa/040/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 040 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm + Psalm 40 is a psalm of praise. Many also see it as a messianic psalm, a psalm about Christ. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sacrifices -#### Sacrifices God is not interested in sacrifices but wants people to obey him and fulfill his plans for them. ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ God is not interested in sacrifices but wants people to obey him and fulfill his * __[Psalms 40:1](../../psa/040/001.md)__ __[<<](../039/intro.md) | [>>](../041/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/041/001.md b/psa/041/001.md index 47dd5790d0..bd7df01105 100644 --- a/psa/041/001.md +++ b/psa/041/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "he" and "him" refer to anyone who is concerned for the weak. # the weak "weak people" or "poor people" - diff --git a/psa/041/002.md b/psa/041/002.md index d82274ef7c..93d250071e 100644 --- a/psa/041/002.md +++ b/psa/041/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he ... him ... his These words refer to anyone who is concerned for the weak. - diff --git a/psa/041/003.md b/psa/041/003.md index f6d2002584..283c217e77 100644 --- a/psa/041/003.md +++ b/psa/041/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "the bed of suffering" refers to when a person lies in bed because he # you will make his bed of sickness into a bed of healing The phrase "a bed of healing" refers to when a person rests in bed and recovers from his sickness. Alternate translation: "you, Yahweh, will heal him of his sickness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/041/004.md b/psa/041/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/041/004.md +++ b/psa/041/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/041/005.md b/psa/041/005.md index 80b2fa3e57..cf9e016a5b 100644 --- a/psa/041/005.md +++ b/psa/041/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his name perish If a person's name dies, it means that people forget that he had ever lived. Alternate translation: "when will his name perish" or "when will people forget about him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/041/006.md b/psa/041/006.md index 3d3ee696df..e478c59053 100644 --- a/psa/041/006.md +++ b/psa/041/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "he says meaningless things" or 2) his enemies say thin # his heart gathers up wickedness for itself His enemies try to learn all of the bad things about him. Here the word "heart" refers the whole person. The writer's sin is spoken of as if it were an object that could be gathered. Alternate translation: "he tries to learn about all of my sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/041/007.md b/psa/041/007.md index 33bf0e7c74..18f7c4f3a3 100644 --- a/psa/041/007.md +++ b/psa/041/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # against me they hope for my hurt Possible meanings are 1) "they hope that very bad things will happen to me" or 2) "they are planning to hurt me." - diff --git a/psa/041/008.md b/psa/041/008.md index 920230e615..cedfe1a3e1 100644 --- a/psa/041/008.md +++ b/psa/041/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "A fatal disease" or 2) "Something evil" # now that he is lying down, he will rise up no more Here the words "lying down" refer to lying in bed because of illness. That he will not "rise up" means that he will continue to lie down, which is a euphemism for death. Alternate translation: "now that he is sick in bed, he will die there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/041/009.md b/psa/041/009.md index 41b3140b56..e732034ff6 100644 --- a/psa/041/009.md +++ b/psa/041/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has lifted up his heel against me This is an idiom that means his friend betrayed him. Alternate translation: "has betrayed me" or "has turned against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/041/010.md b/psa/041/010.md index ccb4bcbb0e..3cd5fd92f2 100644 --- a/psa/041/010.md +++ b/psa/041/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to raise him up from his bed, or to make him recover from his disease # so that I may pay them back The writer speaks of revenge on his enemies as if it were paying to them what he owes. Alternate translation: "so that I may take revenge on them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/041/011.md b/psa/041/011.md index 2558be8694..5447c2a288 100644 --- a/psa/041/011.md +++ b/psa/041/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "this" refers to what the writer will say next. For clarity, the clause # By this I know that you delight in me, for my enemy does not triumph over me This can also be translated in future tense, since Yahweh has not yet healed him. Alternate translation: "If you enable me to do that, with the result that my enemies do not defeat me, I will know that you are pleased with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/041/012.md b/psa/041/012.md index dcf9c02118..9fe4f0e19f 100644 --- a/psa/041/012.md +++ b/psa/041/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will keep me before your face The writer speaks of being in Yahweh's presence as being in a place where Yahweh can see him and he can see Yahweh's face. Alternate translation: "will keep me with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/041/013.md b/psa/041/013.md index cf447f8e63..610dd6064e 100644 --- a/psa/041/013.md +++ b/psa/041/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to two extremes and means for all time. Alternate translation: "for # Amen and Amen The word "Amen" is repeated to emphasize approval of what has been said. Alternate translation: "May it certainly be so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/041/intro.md b/psa/041/intro.md index 221f5b6d8d..cba1121a32 100644 --- a/psa/041/intro.md +++ b/psa/041/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 041 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 41 is a psalm of deliverance. The author's friends had become his enemies who wanted to see him die but he trusted God to rescue him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Enemies -The author's best friend had become an enemy. His enemies were happy because they were sure his sickness would result in death. +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Enemies + +The author's best friend had become an enemy. His enemies were happy because they were sure his sickness would result in death. ## Links: * __[Psalms 41:1](../../psa/041/001.md)__ __[<<](../040/intro.md) | [>>](../042/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/042/001.md b/psa/042/001.md index 648d74345e..62dc3b83e9 100644 --- a/psa/042/001.md +++ b/psa/042/001.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ heavy breathing from an animal or person that is very tired or thirsty # I thirst for you, God The author speaks of his strong desire for God as if it were a strong thirst for water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/042/002.md b/psa/042/002.md index 4855d455c5..58f9fec90c 100644 --- a/psa/042/002.md +++ b/psa/042/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author speaks of his strong desire for God as if it were a strong thirst for # when will I come and appear before God? The author does not ask this question to get an answer but to show his strong desire to be before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/042/003.md b/psa/042/003.md index cf772b6af9..cf83771837 100644 --- a/psa/042/003.md +++ b/psa/042/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an exaggeration. His enemies are not saying this constantly; they are sa # Where is your God? The author's enemies use this question to mock him and to express that they do not see his God helping him. Alternate translation: "Your God is not here to help you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/042/004.md b/psa/042/004.md index 70bdd542b7..8d8528df9a 100644 --- a/psa/042/004.md +++ b/psa/042/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "soul" refers to the emotions. The author speaks of his soul as if # joy and praise This phrase uses two different words to express one idea. Alternate translation: "joyful praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/psa/042/005.md b/psa/042/005.md index ecea4f88db..7f331097c1 100644 --- a/psa/042/005.md +++ b/psa/042/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of depression or discouragement as if it were his soul being b # Hope in God The writer continues to speak to his own soul and commands it to trust God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative]]) - diff --git a/psa/042/006.md b/psa/042/006.md index 0d953eea72..6ecbcac036 100644 --- a/psa/042/006.md +++ b/psa/042/006.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ mountain tops # hill of Mizar This is the name of a hill at the base of Mount Hermon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/042/007.md b/psa/042/007.md index d70cf03962..cd6f63ca52 100644 --- a/psa/042/007.md +++ b/psa/042/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author speaks of his great misfortune and sadness as if they are deep waters # your waves and your billows The word "billows" is another word for "waves." Together the two words emphasize the greatness of the waves. Alternate translation: "all of your great waves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/042/008.md b/psa/042/008.md index 703bb5498e..5025c5f713 100644 --- a/psa/042/008.md +++ b/psa/042/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the song that he gives me" or "the song about him" # the God of my life "the God who gives me life" - diff --git a/psa/042/009.md b/psa/042/009.md index 75f2493884..d4ffa01f24 100644 --- a/psa/042/009.md +++ b/psa/042/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of God as if he were a huge rock that would provide protection # Why do I go mourning To "go mourning" is to perform customs related to being very sad. - diff --git a/psa/042/010.md b/psa/042/010.md index 9aa76e9a6f..708d3f9b61 100644 --- a/psa/042/010.md +++ b/psa/042/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an exaggeration; his enemies are not saying this constantly but are sayi # Where is your God? The writer's enemies use this question to mock him and to express that they do not see God helping him. Alternate translation: "Your God is not here to help you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/042/011.md b/psa/042/011.md index e8956cecf4..8ee881e9b8 100644 --- a/psa/042/011.md +++ b/psa/042/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of depression or discouragement as if it were his soul being b # Hope in God The writer continues to speak to his own soul and commands it to trust God. See how you translated this in [Psalms 42:5](../042/005.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-imperative]]) - diff --git a/psa/042/intro.md b/psa/042/intro.md index c7e8031799..f003a48dad 100644 --- a/psa/042/intro.md +++ b/psa/042/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ # Psalm 042 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 42 is a psalm of praise for all that God has done and a prayer for deliverance from the psalmist's enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's deliverance -The psalmist praises God as he remembers what God has done for him in the past, and he puts his trust in him. He needs rescuing from his enemies. Scholars believe that this psalm is about a man in exile longing for Jerusalem. +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Psalm 42 and Psalm 43 -Some scholars believe that these two psalms were originally written together as one psalm. +### Yahweh's deliverance -#### Superscription -This psalm is called "a Maschil of the sons of Korah." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. +The psalmist praises God as he remembers what God has done for him in the past, and he puts his trust in him. He needs rescuing from his enemies. Scholars believe that this psalm is about a man in exile longing for Jerusalem. + +### Psalm 42 and Psalm 43 + +Some scholars believe that these two psalms were originally written together as one psalm. + +### Superscription + +This psalm is called "a Maschil of the sons of Korah." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 42:1](../../psa/042/001.md)__ __[<<](../041/intro.md) | [>>](../043/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/043/001.md b/psa/043/001.md index e46b82054d..16093cd0c9 100644 --- a/psa/043/001.md +++ b/psa/043/001.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/043/002.md b/psa/043/002.md index c982ac4eff..aedf8f698f 100644 --- a/psa/043/002.md +++ b/psa/043/002.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To "go about in mourning" is to perform customs related to being very sad. # because of the oppression of the enemy The word "oppression" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "because my enemy oppresses me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/043/003.md b/psa/043/003.md index 3d749785a6..b0a7887068 100644 --- a/psa/043/003.md +++ b/psa/043/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the hill in Jerusalem where the temple is located and thus to the # to your dwelling "to the place where you live" - diff --git a/psa/043/004.md b/psa/043/004.md index 09d41cb43a..76bb9d0962 100644 --- a/psa/043/004.md +++ b/psa/043/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God my exceeding joy "God who is my very great joy" or "God who gives me very great joy" - diff --git a/psa/043/005.md b/psa/043/005.md index c75dc6a051..fcdccbcecc 100644 --- a/psa/043/005.md +++ b/psa/043/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer continues to speak to his own soul and commands it to trust God. See # my salvation and my God The phrase "my salvation" refers to God. If necessary the two phrases can be combined. Alternate translation: "my God who saves me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/043/intro.md b/psa/043/intro.md index 14e75deb7c..1a6b620f9e 100644 --- a/psa/043/intro.md +++ b/psa/043/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 043 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 43 is a psalm of deliverance. It is a plea for rescue from the psalmist's enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Encouragement -#### Encouragement The author should not be discouraged because he trusts in God to deliver him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -#### Psalm 42 and Psalm 43 -Some scholars believe that these two psalms were originally written together as one psalm. +### Psalm 42 and Psalm 43 + +Some scholars believe that these two psalms were originally written together as one psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 43:1](../../psa/043/001.md)__ __[<<](../042/intro.md) | [>>](../044/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/044/001.md b/psa/044/001.md index adc9166aa5..e57eaaa310 100644 --- a/psa/044/001.md +++ b/psa/044/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "ears" adds emphasis to the statement that they have heard and understo # in their days, in the days of old Both of these phrases use the word "days" to refer to the time period when the ancestors of the people of Israel were alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/002.md b/psa/044/002.md index 038f01a808..eb6fe26b79 100644 --- a/psa/044/002.md +++ b/psa/044/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "hand" refers to God's power. Alternate translation: "by your powe # you planted our people The writer speaks of God's causing the Israelites to live in the land as if he were planting them in the soil like he would a tree. Alternate translation: "you caused our people to live there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/003.md b/psa/044/003.md index 4c91f1079a..43e4abc60b 100644 --- a/psa/044/003.md +++ b/psa/044/003.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the words "hand" and "arm" both refer to God's power. Combined, they emphas # the light of your face The writer speaks of Yahweh looking with favor upon them and being kind to them as if Yahweh's face shone a light on them. Alternate translation: "your kindness" or "your good favor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/004.md b/psa/044/004.md index 9d380ca4da..97a03a2c3a 100644 --- a/psa/044/004.md +++ b/psa/044/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # victory for Jacob The people of Israel are referred to by the name of their ancestor "Jacob." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/005.md b/psa/044/005.md index dac87f62d7..1ea03a65a2 100644 --- a/psa/044/005.md +++ b/psa/044/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "name" refers to God's power and authority. Alternate translation: # tread them under "tread them under our feet" or "walk on top of them" - diff --git a/psa/044/006.md b/psa/044/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/044/006.md +++ b/psa/044/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/044/007.md b/psa/044/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/044/007.md +++ b/psa/044/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/044/008.md b/psa/044/008.md index 63e5d54785..57b35993f5 100644 --- a/psa/044/008.md +++ b/psa/044/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "boast" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "we have # we will give thanks to your name Here the word "name" refers to God, himself. Alternate translation: "we will give thanks to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/009.md b/psa/044/009.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/044/009.md +++ b/psa/044/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/044/010.md b/psa/044/010.md index 63af843b64..2ef11c7d92 100644 --- a/psa/044/010.md +++ b/psa/044/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spoil resources and treasures that an army collects after winning a battle - diff --git a/psa/044/011.md b/psa/044/011.md index 0952b91597..3c75a47997 100644 --- a/psa/044/011.md +++ b/psa/044/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer compares the Israelites to sheep that people kill and eat. As sheep a # scattered us among the nations "caused us to live in many different nations" - diff --git a/psa/044/012.md b/psa/044/012.md index ed43887bf3..a3020a97e5 100644 --- a/psa/044/012.md +++ b/psa/044/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sell your people for nothing The writer speaks of Yahweh allowing Israel's enemies to conquer them as if he were selling the people of Israel to their enemies but does not require any payment from their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/013.md b/psa/044/013.md index 6a4635a087..b92763c294 100644 --- a/psa/044/013.md +++ b/psa/044/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "rebuke" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "You make # scoffed and mocked by those around us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those around us scoff at us and mock us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/014.md b/psa/044/014.md index b2c394cc66..6ef57729ca 100644 --- a/psa/044/014.md +++ b/psa/044/014.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "a shaking of the head" can be translated in verbal form. Alternate t # a shaking of the head This was a gesture that people used to show scorn to others. - diff --git a/psa/044/015.md b/psa/044/015.md index 6e262b2dac..e1ece095b9 100644 --- a/psa/044/015.md +++ b/psa/044/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of his shame as if it is an object that covers him like a blan # the shame of my face "the shame that shows on my face." This refers to his facial expressions that his shame causes. - diff --git a/psa/044/016.md b/psa/044/016.md index 664d0fe57a..14394d0c56 100644 --- a/psa/044/016.md +++ b/psa/044/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "the voice" represents the person insulting him. Alternate transl # rebukes and insults These words have similar meanings and emphasize the harsh nature of what this person says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/017.md b/psa/044/017.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/044/017.md +++ b/psa/044/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/044/018.md b/psa/044/018.md index fe4a850933..f9e314faef 100644 --- a/psa/044/018.md +++ b/psa/044/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are parallel. The writer speaks of loyalty to God as if it wer # Our heart has not turned back Here the word "heart" refers to the emotions, and specifically to loyalty and devotion. Alternate translation: "We have not stopped being loyal to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/019.md b/psa/044/019.md index 9f2d39bd13..0ebe61849f 100644 --- a/psa/044/019.md +++ b/psa/044/019.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a type of wild dog # covered us with the shadow of death The writer speaks of death as if it is an object that casts a shadow over those who are about to die. Alternate translation: "made us so that we are about to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/020.md b/psa/044/020.md index 56be54f8a9..ad96cea5d2 100644 --- a/psa/044/020.md +++ b/psa/044/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This describes a situation that could have happened but did not. The writer knew # spread out our hands to a strange god Spreading out the hands is a gesture that people used to worship and pray to a god. Alternate translation: "worshiped a strange god" or "prayed to a strange god" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/021.md b/psa/044/021.md index 7140b00d6a..b23a25ccb5 100644 --- a/psa/044/021.md +++ b/psa/044/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses this question to express that God would know if they worshiped a # he knows the secrets of the heart Here the word "heart" refers to the mind and thoughts. Alternate translation: "he knows what a person secretly thinks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/022.md b/psa/044/022.md index 9c5eef6f22..7342d40f13 100644 --- a/psa/044/022.md +++ b/psa/044/022.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people consider us to # sheep for the slaughter The writer compares the Israelites to sheep that people kill and eat. As sheep are helpless before those who kill them, so the Israelites are helpless before their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/023.md b/psa/044/023.md index 98cda32089..3c1d7a81fc 100644 --- a/psa/044/023.md +++ b/psa/044/023.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Awake, why do you sleep, Lord? This does not mean that God is actually asleep. The writer speaks of God's seeming inactivity as if God is sleeping. He asks the question to rebuke God for appearing not to be concerned about their troubles. Alternate translation: "Wake up! I feel like you are sleeping, Lord!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/024.md b/psa/044/024.md index 59309036d4..37ac21c938 100644 --- a/psa/044/024.md +++ b/psa/044/024.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of God ignoring them as if God were hiding his face so that he # forget our affliction and our oppression The words "affliction" and "oppression" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the severity of their affliction. These words may also be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "forget that people afflict us and oppress us" or "forget that people greatly afflict us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/025.md b/psa/044/025.md index 78399455ee..f4fcd1ee41 100644 --- a/psa/044/025.md +++ b/psa/044/025.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of their humiliation as if their bodies were objects, such as # our bodies cling to the earth The writer speaks of their humiliation as if their bodies were stuck to the ground and they could not raise themselves up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/026.md b/psa/044/026.md index 4984426bd5..b9726f47e8 100644 --- a/psa/044/026.md +++ b/psa/044/026.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a command to stand. This phrase refers to beginning to act on something. # for the sake of your covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "to show that you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/044/intro.md b/psa/044/intro.md index f87f567677..2000f1a292 100644 --- a/psa/044/intro.md +++ b/psa/044/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 044 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 44 is a deliverance psalm. It is a prayer for God's help against enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Enemies -#### Enemies When Israel entered the Promised Land, God fought for them and drove out their enemies. Since their enemies have now defeated them, they are in need of God's help. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) -#### Superscription -This psalm is called "a Maschil." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. +### Superscription + +This psalm is called "a Maschil." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 44:1](../../psa/044/001.md)__ __[<<](../043/intro.md) | [>>](../045/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/045/001.md b/psa/045/001.md index 0b2fb2c068..a792147f34 100644 --- a/psa/045/001.md +++ b/psa/045/001.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ to have written or created a song # my tongue is the pen of a ready writer The writer speaks of his tongue as if it were a pen. He speaks words as skillfully as an experienced writer writes words. Alternate translation: "my tongue is like the pen of person who writes well" or "I speak words as skillfully as an experienced writer can write words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/002.md b/psa/045/002.md index 96bb1e87f3..d70d7266ff 100644 --- a/psa/045/002.md +++ b/psa/045/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is an exaggeration that emphasizes that the king is better looking t # grace is poured onto your lips The writer speaks of grace as if it were oil that someone has used to anoint the king's lips. The word "lips" refers to the king's speech. The phrase means that the king speaks eloquently. Alternate translation: "it is as if someone has anointed your lips with oil" or "you speak eloquently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/003.md b/psa/045/003.md index 8251b3c2fd..8b4aabd09a 100644 --- a/psa/045/003.md +++ b/psa/045/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Gird your sword to your side Warriors carried their swords in sheaths that hung from belts around their waists. The swords would rest against their sides. This phrase describes an action of someone preparing for battle. Alternate translation: "Prepare yourself for battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/004.md b/psa/045/004.md index b52cf1d2f9..a91e8a2819 100644 --- a/psa/045/004.md +++ b/psa/045/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Most soldiers held their swords with their right hands when they fought. Here, t # fearful things "awesome deeds." This refers to military victories that cause his enemies to fear him and his allies to revere him. - diff --git a/psa/045/005.md b/psa/045/005.md index 7f3161cab3..8b2b69d85e 100644 --- a/psa/045/005.md +++ b/psa/045/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to the king defeating his enemies. Possible meanings are 1) " # your arrows are in the hearts of the king's enemies "your arrows have pierced the hearts of your enemies." The writer speaks to the king while referring to the king in the third person. - diff --git a/psa/045/006.md b/psa/045/006.md index 2f58f368a3..5d49062ce3 100644 --- a/psa/045/006.md +++ b/psa/045/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are that the word "God" 1) is a title for the king, who is God # a scepter of justice is the scepter of your kingdom The word "scepter" represents the king's authority to rule his kingdom. Alternate translation: "you rule your kingdom with justice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/007.md b/psa/045/007.md index a8e05eaeb3..15a0e5e7a0 100644 --- a/psa/045/007.md +++ b/psa/045/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God, your God, has anointed you with the oil of gladness The writer speaks of gladness as if it were an oil that God used to anoint the king. That God has anointed him is a symbolic action that represents God's choosing him to be king. Alternate translation: "when God appointed you as king, he made you very glad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/008.md b/psa/045/008.md index ebc2c90ec3..7d5951e675 100644 --- a/psa/045/008.md +++ b/psa/045/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Ivory is a hard white substance that forms animal's tusks. This phrase describes # stringed instruments have made you glad The words "stringed instruments" refers to the music that people make by playing the stringed instruments. Alternate translation: "the music of stringed instruments has made you glad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/009.md b/psa/045/009.md index c65eaad220..d94598dd6e 100644 --- a/psa/045/009.md +++ b/psa/045/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a reference to the woman who will become queen. Alternate translation: " # Ophir This is the name of a place that had a reputation for its fine gold. The location is unknown. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/010.md b/psa/045/010.md index 39f6d3922e..683e6efb56 100644 --- a/psa/045/010.md +++ b/psa/045/010.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks of the queen no longer following the beliefs and customs of he # your father's house Here the word "house" refers to family. Alternate translation: "your relatives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/011.md b/psa/045/011.md index 5d254073f1..71ffd4da02 100644 --- a/psa/045/011.md +++ b/psa/045/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the king will desire your beauty This is a polite way to say that the king will want to sleep with the queen as his wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/012.md b/psa/045/012.md index 78033d899d..968fc60927 100644 --- a/psa/045/012.md +++ b/psa/045/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues to speak to the queen. # The daughter of Tyre The writer speaks of the people who live in Tyre as if they are Tyre's children. Alternate translation: "The people of Tyre" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/013.md b/psa/045/013.md index b38855a248..67db05a365 100644 --- a/psa/045/013.md +++ b/psa/045/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a reference to the woman whom the king will marry. Alternate translation # her clothing is worked with gold Her clothing is decorated or embroidered with gold. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "she wears clothing that someone has embroidered with golden thread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/014.md b/psa/045/014.md index 1dfb2b2ef8..e3d71ecdce 100644 --- a/psa/045/014.md +++ b/psa/045/014.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a design made by sewing colored threads into cloth # the virgins, her companions who follow her, will be brought to you Here the word "you" refers to the king. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will bring to you the virgins, her companions who follow her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/015.md b/psa/045/015.md index 05dd5e110f..0976c1fb81 100644 --- a/psa/045/015.md +++ b/psa/045/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase describes "gladness and rejoicing" as a person who leads others to c # gladness and rejoicing These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of gladness. Alternate translation: "great gladness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/016.md b/psa/045/016.md index 4760eeab48..ef5bffd166 100644 --- a/psa/045/016.md +++ b/psa/045/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that the king's sons will replace him as king, just as he replaced hi # you will make princes in all the earth The phrase "in all the earth" is an exaggeration to emphasize that they will rule over many nations. Alternate translation: "you will make rulers over many nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/017.md b/psa/045/017.md index 749a9ccd89..6c363e320f 100644 --- a/psa/045/017.md +++ b/psa/045/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will make your name to be remembered in all generations Here the word "I" refers to the writer. The word "name" refers to the king's character and reputation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will cause people in every generation to know about your greatness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/045/intro.md b/psa/045/intro.md index 22ada17a52..9b9406d8ad 100644 --- a/psa/045/intro.md +++ b/psa/045/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 045 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 45 is a royal psalm written for the king's wedding day. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Beauty -#### Beauty The king has a beautiful palace, and his bride is also beautiful. -#### Superscription -This psalm is called "a Maschil." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. +### Superscription + +This psalm is called "a Maschil." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 45:1](../../psa/045/001.md)__ __[<<](../044/intro.md) | [>>](../046/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/046/001.md b/psa/046/001.md index 578449d465..f297ab4fee 100644 --- a/psa/046/001.md +++ b/psa/046/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This may refer to a style of music. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown # God is our refuge and strength The writer speaks of God as if he were a place where people can go for safety. Alternate translation: "God gives us safety and strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/046/002.md b/psa/046/002.md index 15c9dc2440..0a5cdf85aa 100644 --- a/psa/046/002.md +++ b/psa/046/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the mountains should be shaken into the heart of the seas The writer speaks of the deepest part of the sea as if it were the sea's heart. Here he describes an earthquake that causes the mountains to crumble and fall into the sea. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the mountains should shake so violently that they fall into the depths of the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/046/003.md b/psa/046/003.md index 70d846d94c..0a831a0df2 100644 --- a/psa/046/003.md +++ b/psa/046/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # mountains tremble with their swelling The phrase "their swelling" refers to the waters of the sea as they rise and crash against the mountains. Alternate translation: "the swelling waters cause the mountains to tremble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/046/004.md b/psa/046/004.md index 7773fb3e77..4877f29448 100644 --- a/psa/046/004.md +++ b/psa/046/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "the city of God" refers to Jerusalem, and represents the people who # the holy place where the Most High dwells This phrase describes "the city of God." Alternate translation: "the holy place where the Most High lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/046/005.md b/psa/046/005.md index a2ad964851..67c0b4d2d3 100644 --- a/psa/046/005.md +++ b/psa/046/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "her" and "she" refer to "the city of God." # she will not be moved Here, the word "moved" is the same word translated as "shaken" in [Psalms v. 2](./001.md). The writer speaks of the destruction of Jerusalem by armies as if an earthquake were to destroy it. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nothing will be able destroy her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/046/006.md b/psa/046/006.md index 8ebc597ef4..9c9865d6ff 100644 --- a/psa/046/006.md +++ b/psa/046/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here, the word "shaken" is the same word that the writer used in [Psalms v. 2](. # the earth melted The writer speaks of the earth as an object, such as ice, that can melt. Here "the earth" represents mankind, and to melt represents fear. Alternate translation: "the people of the earth tremble with fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/046/007.md b/psa/046/007.md index a7f4f00bfe..8e698ee514 100644 --- a/psa/046/007.md +++ b/psa/046/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of God as if he were a place where people can go for safety. A # the God of Jacob Possible meanings are 1) "the God whom Jacob worshiped" or 2) "Jacob" is a metonym for the nation of Israel and means "the God of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/046/008.md b/psa/046/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/046/008.md +++ b/psa/046/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/046/009.md b/psa/046/009.md index 180ef31cf5..e0836ead7b 100644 --- a/psa/046/009.md +++ b/psa/046/009.md @@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ One way in which Yahweh will make all wars to cease is by destroying the weapons # shields -Some versions understand this Hebrew word as "chariots." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate:translate_textvariants]]) - +Some versions understand this Hebrew word as "chariots." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]]) diff --git a/psa/046/010.md b/psa/046/010.md index ae5d6b1291..6e82a5558a 100644 --- a/psa/046/010.md +++ b/psa/046/010.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "know" means to understand and to confess that Yahweh is the true # I will be exalted among the nations; I will be exalted on the earth These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people of every nation in the world will exalt God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People from every nation will exalt me; people all over the earth will exalt me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/046/011.md b/psa/046/011.md index 0236e7ef99..d6532dc43b 100644 --- a/psa/046/011.md +++ b/psa/046/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh of hosts is with us; the God of Jacob is our refuge The writer speaks of God as if he were a place where people can go for safety. See how you translated these lines in [Psalms 46:7](../046/007.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/046/intro.md b/psa/046/intro.md index c66b358f30..64c18dc3f9 100644 --- a/psa/046/intro.md +++ b/psa/046/intro.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ # Psalm 046 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 46 is a psalm of praise to God. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter God is all-powerful, controls nature, and protects his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God is all-powerful, controls nature, and protects his people. (See: [[rc://en/t * __[Psalms 46:1](../../psa/046/001.md)__ __[<<](../045/intro.md) | [>>](../047/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/047/001.md b/psa/047/001.md index 6a69dbd3a2..f27c87e677 100644 --- a/psa/047/001.md +++ b/psa/047/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Clapping your hands is associated with celebration. Alternate translation: "Clap # shout to God with the sound of celebration "shout to God with joyful voices." Here the word "celebration" refers to the joy associated with victory in battle. - diff --git a/psa/047/002.md b/psa/047/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/047/002.md +++ b/psa/047/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/047/003.md b/psa/047/003.md index 29130b4a88..dceb75baa8 100644 --- a/psa/047/003.md +++ b/psa/047/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ to conquer and place under the authority of another # under us ... under our feet The writer speaks of conquering other nations as if it were putting those nations underneath their feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/047/004.md b/psa/047/004.md index dacbcec4ff..56394e34d0 100644 --- a/psa/047/004.md +++ b/psa/047/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "pride" is a metonym for the source of pride and represents the la # Jacob whom he loved The word "Jacob" refers to the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/047/005.md b/psa/047/005.md index 989db6d1e4..03d9b01bd6 100644 --- a/psa/047/005.md +++ b/psa/047/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of God's conquering the nations as if God were a king ascendin # Yahweh with the sound of a ram's horn This phrase parallels the previous phrase. The verb may be supplied for clarity. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has gone up as people blew rams' horns" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/047/006.md b/psa/047/006.md index 87cbaa751c..4b4f97eb86 100644 --- a/psa/047/006.md +++ b/psa/047/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sing praises to God, sing praises; sing praises to our King, sing praises The phrase "sing praises" is repeated for emphasis. You may omit the repetition if it is awkward in your language. Alternate translation: "Sing, sing praises to God; sing, sing praises to our King" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/047/007.md b/psa/047/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/047/007.md +++ b/psa/047/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/047/008.md b/psa/047/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/047/008.md +++ b/psa/047/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/047/009.md b/psa/047/009.md index 90c47f7835..1c8e4aad48 100644 --- a/psa/047/009.md +++ b/psa/047/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are that the rulers of the nations 1) "gather in front of the # the shields of the earth belong to God Possible meanings are that "shields" 1) refers to instruments of war. Alternate translation: "God has more power than the weapons of all the kings on the earth" or 2) refers to the rulers of the nations who are spoken of as shields who protect their nations. Alternate translation: "the kings of the earth are subject to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/047/intro.md b/psa/047/intro.md index 9debc5ed43..3f9ae9f8d0 100644 --- a/psa/047/intro.md +++ b/psa/047/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 047 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 47 is a psalm of praise to God. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's power -#### Yahweh's power God is powerful over all the nations in the world. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God is powerful over all the nations in the world. * __[Psalms 47:1](../../psa/047/001.md)__ __[<<](../046/intro.md) | [>>](../048/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/048/001.md b/psa/048/001.md index 137d63b110..0b02df1e22 100644 --- a/psa/048/001.md +++ b/psa/048/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a reference to Jerusalem, which was built on Mount Zion. # the city of our God Possible meanings are 1) "the city where our God lives" or 2) "the city that belongs to our God" - diff --git a/psa/048/002.md b/psa/048/002.md index fe46ced8e3..24d6bb3e04 100644 --- a/psa/048/002.md +++ b/psa/048/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "earth" refers to everyone living on the earth. The word "joy" may # on the sides of the north Possible meanings are that this phrase 1) refers to the direction of the north or 2) is a proper name, Zaphon, referring to a mountain in the north. - diff --git a/psa/048/003.md b/psa/048/003.md index 39d6ebe47c..193caaffe8 100644 --- a/psa/048/003.md +++ b/psa/048/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God has made himself known in her palaces as a refuge The writer speaks of God as if he were a place where people can go for safety. Alternate translation: "God has made himself known as one who gives safety to the people in Mount Zion's palaces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/048/004.md b/psa/048/004.md index 103ab6bd88..19cde3daf4 100644 --- a/psa/048/004.md +++ b/psa/048/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the kings represent their armies. Alternate translation: "assembled their a # they passed by together "together they passed by Jerusalem" - diff --git a/psa/048/005.md b/psa/048/005.md index 1a48fc312e..c047d21f97 100644 --- a/psa/048/005.md +++ b/psa/048/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # dismayed greatly troubled - diff --git a/psa/048/006.md b/psa/048/006.md index 91b5f00592..6d6d71f20c 100644 --- a/psa/048/006.md +++ b/psa/048/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of the kings' fear as if it were a person who caused the kings # pain as when a woman is in labor The writer speaks of the kings' fear as if it were the pain that a woman experiences in childbirth and speaks of that pain as if it were a person. The verb may be supplied from the previous clause. Alternate translation: "pain took hold of them, as when a woman is in labor" or "they became afraid, like a woman is afraid of experiencing labor pains" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/048/007.md b/psa/048/007.md index 89cd93e981..350e7b2c67 100644 --- a/psa/048/007.md +++ b/psa/048/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "a wind blowing from the east" or 2) "a strong wind." # the ships of Tarshish Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) ships that sail to or are built in the city of Tarshish or 2) any large ocean-going ship. - diff --git a/psa/048/008.md b/psa/048/008.md index 879848c935..fef95f8835 100644 --- a/psa/048/008.md +++ b/psa/048/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Both of these phrases refer to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "in the city of # establish it "make it secure." Here the word "establish means to preserve and make something secure. - diff --git a/psa/048/009.md b/psa/048/009.md index 0b3cd57583..5155741933 100644 --- a/psa/048/009.md +++ b/psa/048/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate tr # in the middle of your temple "as we are in your temple" - diff --git a/psa/048/010.md b/psa/048/010.md index aa22b7cc59..56cff757f5 100644 --- a/psa/048/010.md +++ b/psa/048/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiomatic expression that means everywhere in the word. See how you t # your right hand is full of righteousness The writer speaks of righteousness as if it were an object that God could hold in his hand. Here the word "hand" refers to God's power and authority to rule. Alternate translation: "you rule with righteousness" or "you are righteous as you rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/048/011.md b/psa/048/011.md index 01cd56df84..c318833724 100644 --- a/psa/048/011.md +++ b/psa/048/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Mount Zion as if it were a person who could be glad. The ph # let the daughters of Judah rejoice The writer speaks of the towns in Judah as if they were Judah's children. The phrase refers to the people who live in those towns. Alternate translation: "let the people who live in the cities of Judah rejoice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/048/012.md b/psa/048/012.md index 61daf4e7d0..815fa141d3 100644 --- a/psa/048/012.md +++ b/psa/048/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Walk around Mount Zion, go round about her These two phrases are parallel. Alternate translation: "Walk all the way around Mount Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/048/013.md b/psa/048/013.md index 2acc4c2a11..0bcedb1a0b 100644 --- a/psa/048/013.md +++ b/psa/048/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # notice well "notice in detail" - diff --git a/psa/048/014.md b/psa/048/014.md index b227bc1573..f01ae079f6 100644 --- a/psa/048/014.md +++ b/psa/048/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "guide" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "he will gu # to death Possible meanings are 1) "until we die" or 2) "forever." - diff --git a/psa/048/intro.md b/psa/048/intro.md index 0e86a8cc7c..0f8d2014b2 100644 --- a/psa/048/intro.md +++ b/psa/048/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Psalm 048 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 48 is a psalm of praise for Jerusalem. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Jerusalem -#### Jerusalem Jerusalem has mighty defenses. Foreign nations will be amazed. It is something to remember and testify about. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) -It is helpful to know that "Mount Zion" is often used to refer to the city of Jerusalem. +It is helpful to know that "Mount Zion" is often used to refer to the city of Jerusalem. + ## Links: * __[Psalms 48:1](../../psa/048/001.md)__ __[<<](../047/intro.md) | [>>](../049/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/049/001.md b/psa/049/001.md index 1d804f5051..e6e197c434 100644 --- a/psa/049/001.md +++ b/psa/049/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases are parallel. Together they strengthen the command for all peo # give ear This idiomatic expression means to use one's ears to listen. Alternate translation: "listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/002.md b/psa/049/002.md index cc3bda25a8..c89ccf1bfc 100644 --- a/psa/049/002.md +++ b/psa/049/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of people who are weak or insignificant in society as being lo # rich and poor together Together the words "rich" and "poor" refer to all people, regardless of wealth. Alternate translation: "all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/003.md b/psa/049/003.md index 5345db9b86..44932d261e 100644 --- a/psa/049/003.md +++ b/psa/049/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "mouth" refers to the whole person who speaks. Alternate translati # the meditation of my heart will be of understanding Here the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. The abstract nouns "meditation" and "understanding" can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "the thoughts upon which I meditate will help you to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/004.md b/psa/049/004.md index 2a9c262f0a..c268320e61 100644 --- a/psa/049/004.md +++ b/psa/049/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of listening carefully to something as if it were bending one' # with the harp "as I play the harp" - diff --git a/psa/049/005.md b/psa/049/005.md index 602fe065f7..5f8c475a23 100644 --- a/psa/049/005.md +++ b/psa/049/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer asks this question to emphasize that he has no reason to fear when ba # when iniquity surrounds me at my heels Possible meanings are 1) the writer speaks of the evil desires of his enemies as if it were a predator ready to overtake him. Alternate translation: "when the iniquity of sinful men is ready to overcome me" or 2) the writer's enemies surround him as they commit their iniquity. Alternate translation: "when my enemies surround me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/006.md b/psa/049/006.md index d216e17a65..e3fe6958d1 100644 --- a/psa/049/006.md +++ b/psa/049/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These people trust their wealth will keep them from having to suffer. (See: [[rc # about the amount of their riches a large amount of something - diff --git a/psa/049/007.md b/psa/049/007.md index 6760892380..5309f8ce4e 100644 --- a/psa/049/007.md +++ b/psa/049/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # no one can redeem his brother or give God a ransom for him Both of these phrases express that a person cannot give God enough money to be able to avoid death. Alternate translation: "no one can pay money to God so that their brother will not die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/008.md b/psa/049/008.md index dc6915ec4c..a721222ce6 100644 --- a/psa/049/008.md +++ b/psa/049/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the redemption of one's life is costly The word "redemption" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "it costs too much to redeem a person's life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/009.md b/psa/049/009.md index 87f9a0c361..bbab489ad1 100644 --- a/psa/049/009.md +++ b/psa/049/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that he would not see the pit The word "pit" here refers to the place where a person's spirit goes after the person dies. The words "not see the pit" refer to the person's dead body not decaying. - diff --git a/psa/049/010.md b/psa/049/010.md index e53baae90d..dcf819123e 100644 --- a/psa/049/010.md +++ b/psa/049/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author refers to all people by referring to those who have the most and leas # brute This means a person who is stupid or unintelligent. - diff --git a/psa/049/011.md b/psa/049/011.md index 17b3d1cdec..14056198d4 100644 --- a/psa/049/011.md +++ b/psa/049/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "the p # they call their lands after their own names "they name their lands after themselves." This phrase expresses ownership. Alternate translation: "they own their own lands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/012.md b/psa/049/012.md index f57b0b3e5c..068d190a75 100644 --- a/psa/049/012.md +++ b/psa/049/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But man, having wealth "But man, even if he has wealth" - diff --git a/psa/049/013.md b/psa/049/013.md index f02fb85c38..9ef8c58bb1 100644 --- a/psa/049/013.md +++ b/psa/049/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of the fate of fools as if it is the destination at the end of # yet after them "yet after they die" - diff --git a/psa/049/014.md b/psa/049/014.md index 68f3c07252..1552faeb71 100644 --- a/psa/049/014.md +++ b/psa/049/014.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "morning" is a metaphor that refers to a time when God will vindic # their bodies will be consumed in Sheol The writer speaks of Sheol, the place of the dead, as if it were a person or animal. He speaks of the decay of dead bodies as if Sheol were eating them. Alternate translation: "their bodies will decompose in the grave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/015.md b/psa/049/015.md index fd85efb7fe..ffd4947c06 100644 --- a/psa/049/015.md +++ b/psa/049/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Sheol as if it were a person who has power over those who d # God will redeem my life Here the word "life" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "God will redeem me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/016.md b/psa/049/016.md index af5571b518..0fe11053b0 100644 --- a/psa/049/016.md +++ b/psa/049/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the glory of his house increases The word "glory" here refers to wealth or riches. Possible meanings are 1) "when he gains more wealth in his house" or 2) "when his family becomes richer." - diff --git a/psa/049/017.md b/psa/049/017.md index 51f28d458f..dcdc459b7d 100644 --- a/psa/049/017.md +++ b/psa/049/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his glory will not go down after him The phrase "go down" refers to when the man dies. Alternate translation: "his glory will not go along with him when he dies" or "he will not keep his reputation when he dies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/018.md b/psa/049/018.md index 91cfb98b43..edb09b17f3 100644 --- a/psa/049/018.md +++ b/psa/049/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He blessed his soul Here the word "soul" refers to the whole person. This phrase means that he considered himself to be happy and successful because of his riches. Alternate translation: "He congratulated himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/019.md b/psa/049/019.md index 31caba31ce..370ca80621 100644 --- a/psa/049/019.md +++ b/psa/049/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they will never see the light again The word "they" refers to the rich man and his ancestors. The word "light" may refer to the sun or be a metaphor for life. Alternate translation: "they will never see the sun again" or "they will never live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/049/020.md b/psa/049/020.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/049/020.md +++ b/psa/049/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/049/intro.md b/psa/049/intro.md index ad8280bbf4..20850d7065 100644 --- a/psa/049/intro.md +++ b/psa/049/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 049 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 49 is a wisdom psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Riches -#### Riches Riches do not last forever. They cannot save a person from death, and they cannot be taken from a person at death. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) - + ## Links: * __[Psalms 49:1](../../psa/049/001.md)__ __[<<](../048/intro.md) | [>>](../050/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/050/001.md b/psa/050/001.md index 418ae375d2..9277365ca0 100644 --- a/psa/050/001.md +++ b/psa/050/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "earth" refers to the people who live on the earth. Alternate tran # from the rising of the sun to its setting This phrase refers to the directions east, where the sun rises, and west, where the sun sets. The writer uses these two extremes to represent everywhere on earth. Alternate translation: "everywhere on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/002.md b/psa/050/002.md index d5cef4a247..3ee44dfe7d 100644 --- a/psa/050/002.md +++ b/psa/050/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Zion, whose beauty is perfect" or 2) "Zion, the most b # God has shone The writer speaks of God as if he were a light that shines. This refers to God causing people to know about his glory. Alternate translation: "God's glory shines like a light" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/003.md b/psa/050/003.md index 54b24bcb73..43a7f0a8e8 100644 --- a/psa/050/003.md +++ b/psa/050/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of a fire burning things as if it were eating them. Alternate # it is very stormy around him "there is a great storm around him" - diff --git a/psa/050/004.md b/psa/050/004.md index 21c27b98a3..be76084088 100644 --- a/psa/050/004.md +++ b/psa/050/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He calls to the heavens above and to the earth Possible meanings are 1) God is calling on all who live in heaven and on earth to be witnesses as he judges his people or 2) God is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses as he judges his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/005.md b/psa/050/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/050/005.md +++ b/psa/050/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/050/006.md b/psa/050/006.md index a136b643e2..74f9d169dd 100644 --- a/psa/050/006.md +++ b/psa/050/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The heavens will declare Possible meanings are 1) the writer uses the word "heavens" to refer to the angels who live there or 2) the writer speaks of "the heavens" as if they are a person who testifies about God's righteousness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/007.md b/psa/050/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/050/007.md +++ b/psa/050/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/050/008.md b/psa/050/008.md index e82d631949..6330fe819b 100644 --- a/psa/050/008.md +++ b/psa/050/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ tell someone he is guilty of doing wrong # your burnt offerings are always before me This explains why God is not rebuking them for their sacrifices. The phrase "are always before me" refers to being in God's presence and means that his people are always sacrificing their burnt offerings to him. Alternate translation: "you are always sacrificing burnt offerings to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/009.md b/psa/050/009.md index 86dc765a87..9b8604938c 100644 --- a/psa/050/009.md +++ b/psa/050/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # folds areas surrounded by walls in which sheep and goats are kept - diff --git a/psa/050/010.md b/psa/050/010.md index c55c701bb2..52b38de31a 100644 --- a/psa/050/010.md +++ b/psa/050/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "on a thousand hills" does not represent the total number of cattle t # thousand hills "1,000 hills" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/011.md b/psa/050/011.md index 0288f38e59..d24ea77913 100644 --- a/psa/050/011.md +++ b/psa/050/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I know all the birds Here the word "know" implies ownership. Alternate translation: "I own all the birds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/012.md b/psa/050/012.md index 19f2568f67..69386f7b16 100644 --- a/psa/050/012.md +++ b/psa/050/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If I were hungry This describes something that could not happen, since God does not get hungry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/013.md b/psa/050/013.md index 4dd06a88ab..46ab764d63 100644 --- a/psa/050/013.md +++ b/psa/050/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Will I eat the flesh of bulls or drink the blood of goats? God asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not do these things and so has no need for their sacrifices. Alternate translation: "I do not eat the flesh of bulls or drink the blood of goats." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/014.md b/psa/050/014.md index b4927b4c91..aef058975f 100644 --- a/psa/050/014.md +++ b/psa/050/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here God refers to himself. Alternate translation: "Offer to me" (See: [[rc://en # pay your vows to the Most High The writer speaks of "vows" as if they are currency which a person pays to God. Alternate translation: "fulfill your vows to the Most High" or "do what you have promised the Most High to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/015.md b/psa/050/015.md index d9f23f55c5..abff30eba1 100644 --- a/psa/050/015.md +++ b/psa/050/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the day of trouble Here the word "day" refers to any period of time. Alternate translation: "whenever you have troubles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/016.md b/psa/050/016.md index 206855c650..084f5b7209 100644 --- a/psa/050/016.md +++ b/psa/050/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "wicked" refers to wicked people in general. Alternate translation: "to # have taken my covenant in your mouth God speaks of wicked people reciting the words of his covenant as if they are putting the covenant in their mouth. Alternate translation: "talk about my covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/017.md b/psa/050/017.md index 0082b0a5bd..3f45281a1d 100644 --- a/psa/050/017.md +++ b/psa/050/017.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ # since you hate instruction and throw my words away -This is the end of the rhetorical question begun with the words "What have you to do" ([Psalms 50:16](../050/016.md). God uses this question to rebuke wicked people. This question can be turned into a statement: "It is not right for you to declare my statutes and my covenant, since you hate instruction and throw my words away." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) +This is the end of the rhetorical question begun with the words "What have you to do" ([Psalms 50:16](../050/016.md). God uses this question to rebuke wicked people. This question can be turned into a statement: "It is not right for you to declare my statutes and my covenant, since you hate instruction and throw my words away." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])) # throw my words away God speaks of the wicked people rejecting what he says as if they were throwing away trash. Alternate translation: "reject what I say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/018.md b/psa/050/018.md index 6de1405e93..148920c1b9 100644 --- a/psa/050/018.md +++ b/psa/050/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you agree with him Possible meanings are 1) that they approve of the thief's actions. Alternate translation: "you approve or him" or 2) that they join the thief in their actions. Alternate translation: "you join him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/019.md b/psa/050/019.md index 7bc6ab559c..eba3e4abce 100644 --- a/psa/050/019.md +++ b/psa/050/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks of a person speaking evil things as if that person's mouth is a messe # your tongue expresses deceit The word "tongue" represents the person who is speaking. Alternate translation: "you are always telling lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/020.md b/psa/050/020.md index a69cbe7f0f..f3839e42f9 100644 --- a/psa/050/020.md +++ b/psa/050/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have the same meaning but use different words. God accuses the # You sit and speak To "sit and speak" against someone implies that this person deliberately thinks of bad things to say about someone. Alternate translation: "You always think of ways to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/021.md b/psa/050/021.md index 2f801decdc..2dd53742ee 100644 --- a/psa/050/021.md +++ b/psa/050/021.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God speaks of listing all of the evil things that they have done. Alternate tran # right before your eyes Here, to be "before your eyes" means that it is in a place where they can see. This means that they will not be able to deny the charges that God brings against them. Alternate translation: "right in front of you" or "so that you can not deny them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/022.md b/psa/050/022.md index 3827418023..e2dd2c538f 100644 --- a/psa/050/022.md +++ b/psa/050/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks of the wicked rejecting him as if they have forgotten him. He speaks # I will tear you to pieces God speaks of destroying the wicked as if he were a lion eating its prey. Alternate translation: "I will destroy you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/023.md b/psa/050/023.md index 271a69d16d..c487cd5b98 100644 --- a/psa/050/023.md +++ b/psa/050/023.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks of a the way a person lives as if it were a path that the person trav # I will show God's salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as "save." God refers to himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "I will save him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/050/intro.md b/psa/050/intro.md index 15364f9d29..e1280b7e2c 100644 --- a/psa/050/intro.md +++ b/psa/050/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 050 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 50 is a wisdom psalm. It tells what pleases God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sacrifices -#### Sacrifices God does not need animal sacrifices; he does not eat meat or drink blood. The world and everything in it belong to God. He wants people to be thankful and to depend on him. God rejects evil people who reject his covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God does not need animal sacrifices; he does not eat meat or drink blood. The wo * __[Psalms 50:1](../../psa/050/001.md)__ __[<<](../049/intro.md) | [>>](../051/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/051/001.md b/psa/051/001.md index 6b4694c635..da7e1d2e9a 100644 --- a/psa/051/001.md +++ b/psa/051/001.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate tr # blot out my transgressions Forgiving sins is spoken of as either 1) blotting them out or 2) erasing a written record of the sins. Alternate translation: "forgive my sins like someone wiping something away" or "forget my sins like someone who erases a record of sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/002.md b/psa/051/002.md index 72683e45e0..7c68c7a460 100644 --- a/psa/051/002.md +++ b/psa/051/002.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ completely, totally # cleanse me from my sin Being acceptable to God is spoken of as being clean. God makes people acceptable by forgiving their sins. Alternate translation: "Make me clean from my sin" or "forgive me for my sin so that I will be clean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/003.md b/psa/051/003.md index 53457f6433..7dfc1c596d 100644 --- a/psa/051/003.md +++ b/psa/051/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my sin is always before me Not being able to forget his sins is spoken of as if they were always in front of him where he can see them. Alternate translation: "I am always aware of my sins" or "I cannot forget my sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/004.md b/psa/051/004.md index 318bdba5ef..04f8e96e64 100644 --- a/psa/051/004.md +++ b/psa/051/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what is evil in your sight The word "sight" here represents judgment. Yahweh saw and did not approve of David's actions. Alternate translation: "what you judge to be evil" or "what you consider to be evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/005.md b/psa/051/005.md index 14c5b9f219..8d7e3a8db5 100644 --- a/psa/051/005.md +++ b/psa/051/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being a sinner is spoken of as being in iniquity. Alternate translation: "I was # as soon as my mother conceived me, I was in sin Being a sinner is spoken of as being in sin. Alternate translation: "even when my mother conceived me, I was a sinner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/006.md b/psa/051/006.md index bf2f3ec670..6f65a40389 100644 --- a/psa/051/006.md +++ b/psa/051/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The use of "See" here draw our attention to the contrast between this sentence a # you desire trustworthiness in my inner self The "inner self" represents either 1) the person's desires or 2) the whole person. Alternate translation: "you want me to desire trustworthiness" or "you want me to be trustworthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/007.md b/psa/051/007.md index 741595de6f..4930f8a8b1 100644 --- a/psa/051/007.md +++ b/psa/051/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a plant that the priests used to sprinkle water or blood on people or th # whiter than snow Not having sin is spoken of as being white. Alternate translation: "very, very white" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/008.md b/psa/051/008.md index dd5cf7a7ce..1b441900f5 100644 --- a/psa/051/008.md +++ b/psa/051/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize his desire to hear j # so that the bones that you have broken may rejoice Feeling terrible sadness is spoken of as if his bones were broken. Alternate translation: "for you have caused me terrible sadness in my inner being. Let me rejoice again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/009.md b/psa/051/009.md index ec3f9fc45e..806f73bec5 100644 --- a/psa/051/009.md +++ b/psa/051/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Thinking about someone's sins is spoken of as seeing them. Forgiving or refusing # blot out all my iniquities Forgiving or refusing to think about someone's sins is spoken of as either 1) blotting them out or 2) erasing a written record of the sins. Alternate translation: 1) "forgive my sins like someone wiping something away" or "forget my sins like someone who erases a record of sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/010.md b/psa/051/010.md index 9772075f5b..0406e0a1ad 100644 --- a/psa/051/010.md +++ b/psa/051/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the "heart" represents the feelings and desires. Being completely devoted a # renew a right spirit within me Here "spirit" represents the attitude and desires of a David. Alternate translation: "make my attitude right" or "make me always want to do what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/011.md b/psa/051/011.md index f1826de142..3d97df3488 100644 --- a/psa/051/011.md +++ b/psa/051/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not drive me away from your presence "Do not force me to go away from you." Being rejected by God is spoken of as being forced to go away from him. Alternate translation: "Do not reject me as one of your people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/012.md b/psa/051/012.md index 158933b24b..0bd7cbbb4b 100644 --- a/psa/051/012.md +++ b/psa/051/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sustain me "hold me up" or "assist me" - diff --git a/psa/051/013.md b/psa/051/013.md index 32e63a3135..fe7e7b211c 100644 --- a/psa/051/013.md +++ b/psa/051/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # transgressors ... sinners These two words refer to the same people here. - diff --git a/psa/051/014.md b/psa/051/014.md index a211102307..1aa150154c 100644 --- a/psa/051/014.md +++ b/psa/051/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # shedding blood This phrase refers to killing another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/015.md b/psa/051/015.md index c8b5b19cb5..21e06d76d9 100644 --- a/psa/051/015.md +++ b/psa/051/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lord, open my lips, and my mouth will express your praise Here the person is represented by his "mouth." Being able to talk is spoken of as the lips being open. Here not being able to speak is a symbol of being guilty of sin and not being able to make a defense. Alternate translation: "Lord, make me able to speak, and I will praise you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/016.md b/psa/051/016.md index a218cbbdd7..e2cd8148de 100644 --- a/psa/051/016.md +++ b/psa/051/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you do not delight in sacrifice ... you have no pleasure in burnt offerings This means that God wants something more important than these things. Alternate translation: "A sacrifice is not enough to please you ... you want something more than burn offerings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/017.md b/psa/051/017.md index 9f47d7a915..cd16fa96c8 100644 --- a/psa/051/017.md +++ b/psa/051/017.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A broken spirit represents a humble attitude. Alternate translation: "humility" # a broken and a contrite heart Being humble and sorry for one's sin is spoken of as having a broken and contrite heart. The heart represents the emotions and will. Alternate translation: "sorrow and humility" or "a person who is sorry for his sin and humble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/018.md b/psa/051/018.md index 35a8aad856..a1321b62c7 100644 --- a/psa/051/018.md +++ b/psa/051/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rebuild the walls of Jerusalem The walls of a city protect the city and the people in it. Possible meanings are 1) "enable us to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem" or 2) "protect Jerusalem and make it strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/051/019.md b/psa/051/019.md index f6dda354c3..91ae7f547f 100644 --- a/psa/051/019.md +++ b/psa/051/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our people will offer bulls on your altar A bull is an adult male cow. Bulls were often used as sacrificial animals, according to God's instruction. - diff --git a/psa/051/intro.md b/psa/051/intro.md index c2a22929f5..ec44c21835 100644 --- a/psa/051/intro.md +++ b/psa/051/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 051 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 51 is a psalm of repentance from sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Repentance -#### Repentance The psalmist is truly sorry for having sinned. He repented and God forgave his sins. God wants true sorrow for having sinned, not sacrifices. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/true]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]]) -#### Author of Psalm -Scholars are divided over whether this psalm was authored by King David as is mentioned by the superscription. If nothing else, we can assume the last two verses were added later since Jerusalem is intact with well-built walls during King David's reign. +### Author of Psalm + +Scholars are divided over whether this psalm was authored by King David as is mentioned by the superscription. If nothing else, we can assume the last two verses were added later since Jerusalem is intact with well-built walls during King David's reign. + ## Links: * __[Psalms 51:1](../../psa/051/001.md)__ __[<<](../050/intro.md) | [>>](../052/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/052/001.md b/psa/052/001.md index 408fb7daf3..fbcad8bde2 100644 --- a/psa/052/001.md +++ b/psa/052/001.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ David may have been using irony when he called Doeg this. Alternate translation: # The covenant faithfulness of God comes every day David speaks of God's covenant faithfulness as if it were something that could come. David was probably referring to God's promises to protect his people from wicked people. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective or an adverb. Alternate translation: "Every day, God is faithful to keep the promises of his covenant" or "Every day, God faithfully protects his people from wicked people like you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/052/002.md b/psa/052/002.md index 6afda8e491..e4afa3a650 100644 --- a/psa/052/002.md +++ b/psa/052/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the tongue is compared to a sharp razor which is capable of causing great h # Your tongue Here "your tongue" refers to the person David is speaking to. Alternate translation: "You" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/052/003.md b/psa/052/003.md index 292ec45cfa..46a34aeb8e 100644 --- a/psa/052/003.md +++ b/psa/052/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David continues speaking to the "mighty man" of [Psalms 5:1](../005/001.md) # lying rather than speaking righteousness "you love lying more than speaking what is right" - diff --git a/psa/052/004.md b/psa/052/004.md index 07292fcdc3..41fc2460ee 100644 --- a/psa/052/004.md +++ b/psa/052/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here words that harm others are spoken of as if they were animals that devour pe # you deceitful tongue This refers to the person the author is speaking to. Alternate translation: "you speaker of deceit" or "you liar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/052/005.md b/psa/052/005.md index 78a57a3c97..de5e1174c5 100644 --- a/psa/052/005.md +++ b/psa/052/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Being alive on earth is spoken of as if people are plants with roots in the grou # Selah This may be a musical term that tells people how to sing or play their instruments here. Some translations write the Hebrew word, and some translations do not include it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) - diff --git a/psa/052/006.md b/psa/052/006.md index 0c54abd7bb..fd1ba5b83b 100644 --- a/psa/052/006.md +++ b/psa/052/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The righteous will also see it and fear "The righteous will also see God remove him and they will fear" - diff --git a/psa/052/007.md b/psa/052/007.md index 687d5f1fe6..34577493e8 100644 --- a/psa/052/007.md +++ b/psa/052/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # did not make God his refuge Here "refuge" represents a protector. Alternate translation: "did not make God his protector" or "did not ask God to protect him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/052/008.md b/psa/052/008.md index c8e40be919..5c14ffcf6e 100644 --- a/psa/052/008.md +++ b/psa/052/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to God's temple. # I will trust in the covenant faithfulness of God forever and ever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "I will trust in God forever and ever because he is faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/052/009.md b/psa/052/009.md index 12b034ab16..4c4495c6b2 100644 --- a/psa/052/009.md +++ b/psa/052/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will wait for your name, because it is good God's name represents God himself. Waiting for God represents waiting for God to help him. Alternate translation: "I will wait for you, because you are good" or "I will wait for you to help me, because you are good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/052/intro.md b/psa/052/intro.md index 6028f99277..d3d7e86db5 100644 --- a/psa/052/intro.md +++ b/psa/052/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 052 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 52 is a wisdom psalm. It teaches that God will destroy evil people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Evil people -#### Evil people Although the evil people feel secure with their wealth and evil deeds, God will destroy them. But people who do good are secure because God protects them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]]) -#### Superscription -This psalm is called "a Maschil of David." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. +### Superscription + +This psalm is called "a Maschil of David." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 52:1](../../psa/052/001.md)__ __[<<](../051/intro.md) | [>>](../053/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/053/001.md b/psa/053/001.md index 12bc05f842..c7a7e38135 100644 --- a/psa/053/001.md +++ b/psa/053/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This may refer to a style of music. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transli # A maschil This may refer to a style of music. See how you translated this in [Psalms 32:1](../032/001.md). - diff --git a/psa/053/002.md b/psa/053/002.md index be4664329b..06279d6035 100644 --- a/psa/053/002.md +++ b/psa/053/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to all people. # who seek after him Seeking God as a person would look for someone is spoken of as "seeking" God. Possible meanings are 1) wanting to know God. Alternate translation: "who want to know him" or 2) worshiping God. Alternate translation: "who worship him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/053/003.md b/psa/053/003.md index be3b13ae3c..34faf0d7e2 100644 --- a/psa/053/003.md +++ b/psa/053/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They have all turned away Rejecting God and what is right is spoken of as turning away. Alternate translation: "They have all turned away from doing what is right" or "They have all rejected God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/053/004.md b/psa/053/004.md index b7c462e253..367c871330 100644 --- a/psa/053/004.md +++ b/psa/053/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This question is used to show the shock that the writer feels because the people # those who devour my people as if they were eating bread Destroying people is spoken of as devouring them. Doing it as if they were eating bread implies that they did it very easily or without feeling guilty about it. Alternate translation: "those who destroy my people as freely as if they were eating bread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/053/005.md b/psa/053/005.md index adeed8c9b3..05f1fa4070 100644 --- a/psa/053/005.md +++ b/psa/053/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God will scatter the bones of those who encamp against you Scattering people's bones represents killing them and allowing their bones to remain wherever they have died and not be buried properly. The phrase "encamp against" is a metaphor that describes someone preparing to attack the reader as if he were an army getting ready to attack a city. Alternate translation: "God will completely destroy everyone who attacks you, and their bones will lie scattered on the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/053/006.md b/psa/053/006.md index 3d60034659..dd98604e2c 100644 --- a/psa/053/006.md +++ b/psa/053/006.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two phrases have the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paralle # Jacob Here "Jacob" refers to the descendants of Jacob, the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/053/intro.md b/psa/053/intro.md index b93e69f071..e01c66eb80 100644 --- a/psa/053/intro.md +++ b/psa/053/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 053 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 53 is a wisdom psalm. It warns people who do evil that God will judge them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### God's watching mankind +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's watching mankind + God looks down from heaven and sees that all humans are evil and corrupt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) -#### Superscription -This psalm is called "a Maschil of David." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. +### Superscription + +This psalm is called "a Maschil of David." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 53:1](../../psa/053/001.md)__ __[<<](../052/intro.md) | [>>](../054/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/054/001.md b/psa/054/001.md index 3cdbea2671..5f9134b8a3 100644 --- a/psa/054/001.md +++ b/psa/054/001.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here God's name represents his character. It may represent specifically his powe # judge me in your might Judging David here represents showing people that David is not guilty. When God uses his might to save David, people will know that God has judged him as not guilty. Alternate translation: "In your might, show people that I am not guilty" or "Show people that I am not guilty by using your power to rescue me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/054/002.md b/psa/054/002.md index 31ee622514..3d5dc9be36 100644 --- a/psa/054/002.md +++ b/psa/054/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Giving one's ear represents listening. Alternate translation: "listen to the wor # the words of my mouth Here the speaker is represented by his mouth. Alternate translation: "my words" or "what I am saying to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/054/003.md b/psa/054/003.md index 3d318cbf1d..165e1fde09 100644 --- a/psa/054/003.md +++ b/psa/054/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Seeking after someone's life represents trying to kill him. Alternate translatio # they have not set God before them Setting God before them represents paying attention to God. Alternate translation: "they do not pay attention to God" or "they ignore God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/054/004.md b/psa/054/004.md index 8f99a7df34..9de212b984 100644 --- a/psa/054/004.md +++ b/psa/054/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who upholds me Defending David and keeping him safe is spoken of as upholding or supporting him. Alternate translation: "who defends me" or "who keeps me safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/054/005.md b/psa/054/005.md index 7bee75f5b9..01e6fa081b 100644 --- a/psa/054/005.md +++ b/psa/054/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Punishment is spoken as if it were payment. Alternate translation: "He will do t # in your faithfulness, destroy them Here David changes from talking about God to talking to God. Alternate translation: "God, destroy them because you are faithful to me" - diff --git a/psa/054/006.md b/psa/054/006.md index ba1b35362a..d61d91e3c5 100644 --- a/psa/054/006.md +++ b/psa/054/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will give thanks to your name, Yahweh, for it is good Yahweh's name represents him. Alternate translation: "I will give thanks to you, Yahweh, for you are good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/054/007.md b/psa/054/007.md index 71e48271f0..a23ef1cb07 100644 --- a/psa/054/007.md +++ b/psa/054/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The eye represents the person. Alternate translation: "I have looked" (See: [[rc # my eye has looked in triumph on my enemies Possible meanings are 1) seeing that his enemies have been defeated. Alternate translation: "I have seen that my enemies have been defeated" or 2) defeating his enemies. Alternate translation: "I have defeated my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/054/intro.md b/psa/054/intro.md index 9401c7a714..56bdbd367e 100644 --- a/psa/054/intro.md +++ b/psa/054/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 054 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 54 is a deliverance psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Rescue -#### Rescue Evil people want to kill David; but God has rescued him in the past and he trusts God to rescue him again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -#### Superscription -This psalm is called "a Maschil of David." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. +### Superscription + +This psalm is called "a Maschil of David." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 54:1](../../psa/054/001.md)__ __[<<](../053/intro.md) | [>>](../055/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/055/001.md b/psa/055/001.md index 32dba82e6b..e1eee2f62e 100644 --- a/psa/055/001.md +++ b/psa/055/001.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Giving one's ear represents listening. Alternate translation: "Listen to my pray # do not hide yourself from my plea Refusing to pay attention to his plea is spoken of as hiding himself from it. Alternate translation: "do not ignore my plea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/002.md b/psa/055/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/055/002.md +++ b/psa/055/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/055/003.md b/psa/055/003.md index caae3a12e2..b8c418dbf2 100644 --- a/psa/055/003.md +++ b/psa/055/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "voice" represents what they say. Alternate translation: "because of what m # they bring trouble on me Causing trouble is spoken of as bringing trouble. Alternate translation: "they cause me to have great troubles" or "they do wicked things to me and so I suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/004.md b/psa/055/004.md index 7039e1256a..08fec66d76 100644 --- a/psa/055/004.md +++ b/psa/055/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here, "heart trembles" refers to his emotional pain and suffering. This sufferin # the terrors of death have fallen on me Becoming very afraid, or terrified, is spoken of as if terror is a thing that falls on a person. Alternate translation: "I am very much afraid that I will die" or "I am terrified that I will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/005.md b/psa/055/005.md index 06a6439637..af9d19d8de 100644 --- a/psa/055/005.md +++ b/psa/055/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Becoming fearful and trembling is spoken of as if fear and trembling are people # horror has overwhelmed me Feeling horror is spoken of as if horror were a thing that can cover people. Alternate translation: "I feel terrible horror" or "I am extremely afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/006.md b/psa/055/006.md index 85aa1f664a..8df3e4a6c4 100644 --- a/psa/055/006.md +++ b/psa/055/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This exclamation expresses something the writer wishes for very much. Alternate # Then would I fly away "If I did have wings, I would fly away" - diff --git a/psa/055/007.md b/psa/055/007.md index 4f79cfc8b0..086ebd281f 100644 --- a/psa/055/007.md +++ b/psa/055/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # See, then I would wander "I would do that and more: I would wander" - diff --git a/psa/055/008.md b/psa/055/008.md index 9b48e8687e..fab401572d 100644 --- a/psa/055/008.md +++ b/psa/055/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer finishes telling about what he had said. # tempest a strong storm - diff --git a/psa/055/009.md b/psa/055/009.md index a26eeef68c..87d632042b 100644 --- a/psa/055/009.md +++ b/psa/055/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are "Destroy my enemies, Lord" or "Destroy my enemies." (See: # divide their tongue The word "tongue" here represents what the people were saying to each other, and probably refers specifically to them talking about plans to do evil. To "divide" it is to make the people unable to understand each other. Alternate translation: "confuse them when they speak to each other" or "confuse their plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/010.md b/psa/055/010.md index ae9933fdca..45333f3937 100644 --- a/psa/055/010.md +++ b/psa/055/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # wickedness and trouble are in the middle of it Wickedness and trouble are spoken of as if they were people. This can be expressed by telling about the people who do wickedness and trouble. Alternate translation: "people do wickedness and cause trouble in the middle of the city" or "people do sinful things and cause trouble in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/011.md b/psa/055/011.md index 2a18b682a7..4280055485 100644 --- a/psa/055/011.md +++ b/psa/055/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Oppression and deceit are spoken of as if they were people. This can be expresse # its streets This may refer to the marketplaces in the city. - diff --git a/psa/055/012.md b/psa/055/012.md index 005ec22858..51fb4ec169 100644 --- a/psa/055/012.md +++ b/psa/055/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Tolerating or enduring a rebuke is spoken of as bearing or carrying it. Alternat # raised himself up against me Being proud of oneself and insulting another is spoken of as raising oneself up against another. Alternate translation: "insulted me" or "despised me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/013.md b/psa/055/013.md index 21a5e49434..88e90edb26 100644 --- a/psa/055/013.md +++ b/psa/055/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as though the person who had rebuked and taunted him were th # myself, my companion and my close friend This can be divided and a new sentence begun. Alternate translation: "myself. You were my companion and my close friend" - diff --git a/psa/055/014.md b/psa/055/014.md index 3d6e5f1b11..5c34d4980e 100644 --- a/psa/055/014.md +++ b/psa/055/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "we" refers to the psalmist and his friend. # with the throng Possible meanings are 1) "together" or 2) "with the crowd." - diff --git a/psa/055/015.md b/psa/055/015.md index 4c3672f5c7..425ec8cfb7 100644 --- a/psa/055/015.md +++ b/psa/055/015.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Wickedness is spoken of as if it were a thing that could be in a certain place. # right among them This phrase intensifies the idea of wickedness being very near them. Here wickedness is spoken of as being not only in their homes, but right where they are. Alternate translation: "They always do wicked things wherever they are" or "wherever they are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/016.md b/psa/055/016.md index f31b5c3bea..3e09738549 100644 --- a/psa/055/016.md +++ b/psa/055/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As for me This phrase shows that the writer has stopped talking about one thing and is now about to talk about himself. Alternate translation: "But I" - diff --git a/psa/055/017.md b/psa/055/017.md index 6ae154f686..80cf4e5b9e 100644 --- a/psa/055/017.md +++ b/psa/055/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the sound people and animals make when they are in pain # he will hear my voice Here "voice" represents either 1) the psalmist or 2) the psalmist's complaints and moans. Alternate translation: "he will hear me" or "he will hear my moaning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/018.md b/psa/055/018.md index 8dcfa63c20..bc0b6f71d2 100644 --- a/psa/055/018.md +++ b/psa/055/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my life" represents the psalmist. Alternate translation: "me" (See: [[rc:/ # for those who fought against me were many "for many people fought against me" - diff --git a/psa/055/019.md b/psa/055/019.md index 4dd0e9e9fa..9fc8ebde2c 100644 --- a/psa/055/019.md +++ b/psa/055/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # humiliate them How God will humiliate them can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "will defeat and humiliate them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/020.md b/psa/055/020.md index ae288d181a..0be29627af 100644 --- a/psa/055/020.md +++ b/psa/055/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # has raised his hands against those Raising the hand against people represents attacking them. This may be a metaphor for saying things that put people in danger or cause them trouble. Alternate translation: "has attacked those" or "has betrayed those" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/021.md b/psa/055/021.md index 59d538f65a..9be7907d79 100644 --- a/psa/055/021.md +++ b/psa/055/021.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Speech that causes people trouble is spoken of as if it were swords that wound p # drawn swords The word "drawn" here means that the swords were pulled out of their covers and ready to be used. - diff --git a/psa/055/022.md b/psa/055/022.md index 2105df1156..fa6c638094 100644 --- a/psa/055/022.md +++ b/psa/055/022.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Taking care of someone or helping someone when he has troubles is spoken of as s # he will never allow a righteous person to totter A person who is about to be severely harmed by some sort of disaster is spoken of as if he is tottering or swaying and is about to fall down. Alternate translation: "he will not let a righteous person sway and fall down" or "he will not let a righteous person to be destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/055/023.md b/psa/055/023.md index 13a337db7d..b1ea1b22d9 100644 --- a/psa/055/023.md +++ b/psa/055/023.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This represents causing people to die. Alternate translation: "will cause the wi # even half as long as others "even half as long as other people live" - diff --git a/psa/055/intro.md b/psa/055/intro.md index 5b5bba33c9..301ee77575 100644 --- a/psa/055/intro.md +++ b/psa/055/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 055 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 55 is a deliverance psalm. The psalmist is praying that God will deliver him from his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Betrayal -#### Betrayal The author wishes he could get far away from his enemies after his best friend betrayed him. He asks God to completely destroy his enemies. He is trusting God to save him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -#### Superscription -This psalm is called "a Maschil of David." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. +### Superscription + +This psalm is called "a Maschil of David." The word "Maschil" in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 55:1](../../psa/055/001.md)__ __[<<](../054/intro.md) | [>>](../056/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/056/001.md b/psa/056/001.md index 44351bcb98..00e3ecd599 100644 --- a/psa/056/001.md +++ b/psa/056/001.md @@ -28,5 +28,4 @@ The meaning of the word "michtam" is uncertain. You may use the word "psalm" ins # oppress me - "come closer and closer in order to attack me" - +"come closer and closer in order to attack me" diff --git a/psa/056/002.md b/psa/056/002.md index ff442e6dcf..8bf2430b7a 100644 --- a/psa/056/002.md +++ b/psa/056/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My enemies trample me The enemies' fierce attack is spoken of as if they were crushing his body by marching on it. Alternate translation: "My enemies attack me severely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/056/003.md b/psa/056/003.md index b2c118b838..471bae10e7 100644 --- a/psa/056/003.md +++ b/psa/056/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you The word "you" refers to God. - diff --git a/psa/056/004.md b/psa/056/004.md index 9b70fa48f8..00fff6d2aa 100644 --- a/psa/056/004.md +++ b/psa/056/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here a question is used to show that the psalmist is not afraid of people, becau # mere man "just humans" or "people." This implies that people are not powerful, but God is powerful. - diff --git a/psa/056/005.md b/psa/056/005.md index a25418d2ac..15d157d68b 100644 --- a/psa/056/005.md +++ b/psa/056/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Repeating what someone says but changing it a little so that it means something # all their thoughts are against me for evil "they always have evil thoughts against me" or "they always think of evil things to do to me" - diff --git a/psa/056/006.md b/psa/056/006.md index de2156d48c..43515ad46d 100644 --- a/psa/056/006.md +++ b/psa/056/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Watching what a person does in order to see how to cause him trouble is spoken o # just as they have waited for my life Waiting to kill someone is spoken of as waiting for his life. Alternate translation: "as they wait to kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/056/007.md b/psa/056/007.md index c689a4c265..68e776ab3e 100644 --- a/psa/056/007.md +++ b/psa/056/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What they might escape can be sued clearly. Alternate translation: "Do not let t # Bring down the peoples Defeating the enemies is spoken of as bringing them down. Alternate translation: "Defeat the peoples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/056/008.md b/psa/056/008.md index 2dee0b7727..493f6758d6 100644 --- a/psa/056/008.md +++ b/psa/056/008.md @@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ God's concern for the psalmist is spoken of as if God saved the psalmist's tears # are they not in your book? -God's concern for the psalmist is spoken of as if he wrote the number of the psalmist's tears in his book. This question is used to remind God about how greatly he cares for the psalmist. Alternate translation: "you have written about them in your book!" or "you remember my cries!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - +God's concern for the psalmist is spoken of as if he wrote the number of the psalmist's tears in his book. This question is used to remind God about how greatly he cares for the psalmist. Alternate translation: "you have written about them in your book!" or "you remember my cries!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) diff --git a/psa/056/009.md b/psa/056/009.md index 9b7ae08c47..54198944f1 100644 --- a/psa/056/009.md +++ b/psa/056/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # God is for me This means that God favors him. In this context it implies that God fights against the psalmist's enemies in order to protect him. Alternate translation: "God is fighting for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/056/010.md b/psa/056/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/056/010.md +++ b/psa/056/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/056/011.md b/psa/056/011.md index 52c265498e..06e0f586ef 100644 --- a/psa/056/011.md +++ b/psa/056/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What can anyone do to me? Here a question is used to show that the psalmist is not afraid of people, because they cannot seriously harm him. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "People can do nothing to me!" or "People cannot harm me badly!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/056/012.md b/psa/056/012.md index de0cdecd9f..0dfc86d66c 100644 --- a/psa/056/012.md +++ b/psa/056/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The duty to fulfill my vows to you is on me Being obligated to do something is spoken of as if the duty to do something is on a person. Alternate translation: "I must fulfill my vows to you" or "I must do what I promised you I would do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/056/013.md b/psa/056/013.md index b1fa97cf5e..2e47d807e6 100644 --- a/psa/056/013.md +++ b/psa/056/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Living and being seen by God is spoken of as walking before God. Alternate trans # in the light of the living Here "the light of the living" probably represents God's enabling people to live. Alternate translation: "with the life that you give" or "because you enable me to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/056/intro.md b/psa/056/intro.md index d915bc9806..2b07145ca0 100644 --- a/psa/056/intro.md +++ b/psa/056/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 056 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 56 is a psalm of deliverance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Fear -#### Fear Although the psalmist's enemies are trying to harm him, he is not afraid because God is protecting him. -#### Superscription -The word "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this word but, in the end, no one is certain what it means. It is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you can simply translate it as "psalm." +### Superscription + +The word "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this word but, in the end, no one is certain what it means. It is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you can simply translate it as "psalm." ## Links: * __[Psalms 56:1](../../psa/056/001.md)__ __[<<](../055/intro.md) | [>>](../057/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/057/001.md b/psa/057/001.md index bc45ce6b55..6745b28498 100644 --- a/psa/057/001.md +++ b/psa/057/001.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of God as if he were a mother bird that protects its babies # until this destruction is over The abstract noun "destruction" can be stated as "destructive." Alternate translation: "until this destructive storm is over" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/057/002.md b/psa/057/002.md index 39edfe6c38..4907864c4d 100644 --- a/psa/057/002.md +++ b/psa/057/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who does all things for me This explains why he will cry out to God. It can be translated with "because." Alternate translation: "because he does all things for me" - diff --git a/psa/057/003.md b/psa/057/003.md index 8e39b28598..49126372bf 100644 --- a/psa/057/003.md +++ b/psa/057/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The enemies' had hotly pursued David, and their pursuit is spoken of as if they # God will send me his steadfast love and his faithfulness God's being loving and faithful is spoken of as if he were sending his love and faithfulness. The abstract nouns "love" and "faithfulness" can be stated as "loving" and "trustworthy." Alternate translation: "God will be loving to me and trustworthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/057/004.md b/psa/057/004.md index 33cb91d15f..81e0bc8d56 100644 --- a/psa/057/004.md +++ b/psa/057/004.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Since both of these terms are weapons, if your culture knows only one, it is acc # whose tongues are sharp swords The tongue represents what someone says, and the enemies' cruel words are spoken of as if they were swords. Alternate translation: "whose cruel words are like sharp swords" or "who cause terrible trouble for me by what they say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/057/005.md b/psa/057/005.md index 515abfe6e1..2bd9773731 100644 --- a/psa/057/005.md +++ b/psa/057/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist is asking God to show that he is exalted. Being exalted above the h # let your glory be above all the earth The psalmist is asking God to show his glory. Alternate translation: "show your glory over all the earth" - diff --git a/psa/057/006.md b/psa/057/006.md index c5c8ea38d9..5bf1e1b2da 100644 --- a/psa/057/006.md +++ b/psa/057/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ His enemies' plans to capture him are spoken of as if they had dug a pit for him # They themselves have fallen into the middle of it The harm that came to his enemies when they tried to capture him is spoken of as if they fell into the trap that they had made for him. Alternate translation: "They themselves fell into the pit they had dug for me" or "But they themselves were hurt by what they planned to do to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/057/007.md b/psa/057/007.md index 192ef37256..c691ba8ecf 100644 --- a/psa/057/007.md +++ b/psa/057/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being confident is spoken of as one's heart being firm rather than shaken or eas # I will sing praises Who he will sing to can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "I will sing praises to you, God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/057/008.md b/psa/057/008.md index 4f6ad4a757..9697c4007f 100644 --- a/psa/057/008.md +++ b/psa/057/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It can be stated clearly that the purpose of waking up is to sing praises to God # I will wake up the dawn The dawn is spoken of as if it were alive, and getting up before dawn happens is spoken of as waking it up. The purpose of getting up before dawn is to praise God. Alternate translation: "I will get up before dawn" or "I will get up before the sun rises" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/057/009.md b/psa/057/009.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/057/009.md +++ b/psa/057/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/057/010.md b/psa/057/010.md index 4122c064a9..0424ff5549 100644 --- a/psa/057/010.md +++ b/psa/057/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The greatness of God's unfailing love is spoken of as if it could be measured in # your faithfulness to the clouds The words "great is your" and "reaching" are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "great is your faithfulness, reaching to the clouds" or "your faithfulness is as great as the distance from the earth to the clouds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/057/011.md b/psa/057/011.md index 16ff897e6f..a499a2c69b 100644 --- a/psa/057/011.md +++ b/psa/057/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist is asking God to show that he is exalted. Being exalted above the h # may your glory be exalted over all the earth The psalmist is asking God to show his glory. Alternate translation: "show your glory over all the earth" - diff --git a/psa/057/intro.md b/psa/057/intro.md index 0b4274a36e..f1dc3568f4 100644 --- a/psa/057/intro.md +++ b/psa/057/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 057 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 57 is a psalm of deliverance. It praises God for the many times he has delivered David. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Fear -#### Fear Since God is protecting the psalmist, he has nothing to fear from his enemies. -#### Superscription -The word "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this word but, in the end, no one is certain what it means. It is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you can simply translate it as "psalm." +### Superscription + +The word "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this word but, in the end, no one is certain what it means. It is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you can simply translate it as "psalm." ## Links: * __[Psalms 57:1](../../psa/057/001.md)__ __[<<](../056/intro.md) | [>>](../058/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/058/001.md b/psa/058/001.md index 4d396687cf..0490b1d809 100644 --- a/psa/058/001.md +++ b/psa/058/001.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The author uses this question to rebuke the rulers because they do not speak rig # Do you judge uprightly, you people? The author uses this question to rebuke the judges who do not judge uprightly. Alternate translation: "You people never judge people uprightly!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/058/002.md b/psa/058/002.md index 5b4a73c6d1..c5fbd7a9ae 100644 --- a/psa/058/002.md +++ b/psa/058/002.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The heart refers to the people's thoughts or plans. Alternate translation: "you # you distribute violence throughout the land with your hands Doing violence in various places throughout the land is spoken of as distributing or spreading the violence throughout the land, as if violence were some kind of stuff or things. Alternate translation: "you yourselves do violent deeds everywhere in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/058/003.md b/psa/058/003.md index b8288706ed..557ee020f2 100644 --- a/psa/058/003.md +++ b/psa/058/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the same idea expressed in two different ways. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # they go astray Doing wrong things is spoken of as if people are walking on a road, and they turn off and go the wrong way. Alternate translation: "they do wrong things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/058/004.md b/psa/058/004.md index e1b59aa9df..4cecc99ba7 100644 --- a/psa/058/004.md +++ b/psa/058/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ An asp that does not respond to a charmer's music is spoken of as as if it could # asp a kind of poisonous snake - diff --git a/psa/058/005.md b/psa/058/005.md index 66604476eb..d45c32e9f5 100644 --- a/psa/058/005.md +++ b/psa/058/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ people who play or sing music in order to control snakes # no matter how skillful they are What the snake charmers were skillful at can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "no matter how skillful the charmers are at controlling snakes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/058/006.md b/psa/058/006.md index 8205620b44..fc8e3986dd 100644 --- a/psa/058/006.md +++ b/psa/058/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author lists things that he would like God to do to wicked people. # Shatter their teeth ... break out the great teeth of the young lions In both of these phrases, the wicked people are spoken of as if they were lions, and making them powerless to kill people is spoken of as breaking their teeth. Alternate translation: "Take away their power to kill. Make them powerless like young lions whose teeth have been broken and fallen out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/058/007.md b/psa/058/007.md index dda48b79ac..46efd0c132 100644 --- a/psa/058/007.md +++ b/psa/058/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The wicked people are spoken of as if they were ice or water. No longer existing # let them be as though they had no points "let their arrows be as though they had no points" - diff --git a/psa/058/008.md b/psa/058/008.md index e5b2c73456..194d394198 100644 --- a/psa/058/008.md +++ b/psa/058/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ small animal that the Israelites considered unclean and that looks like it is me # like the untimely born child of a woman that never sees the sunlight Not existing is spoken of as being like a baby that is born dead. Alternate translation: "like a baby who is born too early too live and see the sunlight" or "like a baby that was born dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/058/009.md b/psa/058/009.md index 702fac2f80..1e3e6e3ef1 100644 --- a/psa/058/009.md +++ b/psa/058/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David is speaking to God's people, so this is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # the thorn's burning heat ... the green thorns and the burning thorns "the heat from the burning thorn branches ... the green thorn branches and the burning thorn branches" - diff --git a/psa/058/010.md b/psa/058/010.md index ec80812ffb..e1b4cc85a9 100644 --- a/psa/058/010.md +++ b/psa/058/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Getting one's feet wet by walking on blood is spoken of as washing the feet in b # he will wash his feet in the blood of the wicked This exaggeration expresses that a great number of wicked people will die. Alternate translation: "so many wicked people will die that when the righteous march on their blood, it will seem as if they could wash their feet in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/058/011.md b/psa/058/011.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/058/011.md +++ b/psa/058/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/058/intro.md b/psa/058/intro.md index 31c2387c6c..0cd83163bd 100644 --- a/psa/058/intro.md +++ b/psa/058/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 058 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 58 is a deliverance psalm. It asks God for deliverance from the unjust rulers. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Deliverance -#### Deliverance Although the leaders are very evil and unfair, God can deliver his people from their oppression. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]]) -#### Superscription -The word "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this word but, in the end, no one is certain what it means. It is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you can simply translate it as "psalm." +### Superscription + +The word "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this word but, in the end, no one is certain what it means. It is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you can simply translate it as "psalm." ## Links: * __[Psalms 58:1](../../psa/058/001.md)__ __[<<](../057/intro.md) | [>>](../059/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/059/001.md b/psa/059/001.md index 94e5631357..40eee688ec 100644 --- a/psa/059/001.md +++ b/psa/059/001.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ A high place represents a safe place where his enemies cannot reach him. Alterna # rise up against me Rising up against someone represents attacking him. Alternate translation: "attack me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/002.md b/psa/059/002.md index ed7508ca68..4b94074b99 100644 --- a/psa/059/002.md +++ b/psa/059/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # men of bloodshed "people who like to kill other people" or "murderers" - diff --git a/psa/059/003.md b/psa/059/003.md index ec7e968f26..b1329e5166 100644 --- a/psa/059/003.md +++ b/psa/059/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer has transgressed and sinned, but not against those who "prepare to ru # they wait in ambush to take my life David's enemies are in hiding and are waiting quietly for the time when they can attack him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/004.md b/psa/059/004.md index 3cfd23c56d..0322512d60 100644 --- a/psa/059/004.md +++ b/psa/059/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Deciding to do something and beginning to do it is spoken of as waking up. Alter # and see What he wants God to see can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "and see what is happening to me" or "and see what they are doing to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/005.md b/psa/059/005.md index c90d447e8d..9b118b7c3c 100644 --- a/psa/059/005.md +++ b/psa/059/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Deciding to do something and beginning to do it is spoken of as getting up. Alte # all the nations The word "nations" here represents the people of the nations that do not honor God. Alternate translation: "the people of all the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/006.md b/psa/059/006.md index 9af620fdb1..fd354a88e3 100644 --- a/psa/059/006.md +++ b/psa/059/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of his enemies threatening to attack people as if they were # go around the city Why they go around the city can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "go around the city to attack anyone they find" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/007.md b/psa/059/007.md index 44d4a1c07c..387d60f0ba 100644 --- a/psa/059/007.md +++ b/psa/059/007.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The cruel things that the wicked people were saying are spoken of as if they wer # Who hears us? This question is used to show that they believed that God would not hear and punish them. Alternate translation: "No one can hear us!" or "Your God does not hear us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/008.md b/psa/059/008.md index 2de254d8c5..c78f5dbb43 100644 --- a/psa/059/008.md +++ b/psa/059/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # laugh at them "laugh at them scornfully" or "mock them." God would laugh at them because they are worthless and powerless. - diff --git a/psa/059/009.md b/psa/059/009.md index d26f5113ee..ab2b8e6e1c 100644 --- a/psa/059/009.md +++ b/psa/059/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's being the psalmist's strength represents God protecting him. Alternate tra # you are my high tower A high tower is a place that people could go to for shelter from their enemies. The psalmist speaks of God protecting him as if God were a strong, safe shelter. Alternate translation: "you protect me like a high tower" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/010.md b/psa/059/010.md index 46c827d117..1709d7bb41 100644 --- a/psa/059/010.md +++ b/psa/059/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase implies that God will come to him in order to save him. The abstract # my desire on my enemies The abstract noun "desire" can be expressed with the verb "want." Alternate translation: "what I want to happen to my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/011.md b/psa/059/011.md index 3b1eed225a..280899d1b0 100644 --- a/psa/059/011.md +++ b/psa/059/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # our shield God's protecting the righteous is spoken of as if God were a shield. Alternate translation: "our protector" or "the one who protects us like a shield" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/012.md b/psa/059/012.md index ab7845b00e..6690194258 100644 --- a/psa/059/012.md +++ b/psa/059/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "let people capture th # that they express "that they say" - diff --git a/psa/059/013.md b/psa/059/013.md index 5d4ea43bc4..a97dd7a6ad 100644 --- a/psa/059/013.md +++ b/psa/059/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jacob here refers to Israel. Alternate translation: "in Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ # to the ends of the earth "to even the most distance places on earth." This represents all places on earth. Alternate translation: "everywhere on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/014.md b/psa/059/014.md index 81eed16975..3b6cc4d5c8 100644 --- a/psa/059/014.md +++ b/psa/059/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # howling like dogs The psalmist speaks of his enemies threatening to attack people as if they were dogs howling, growling, or barking at people. Alternate translation: "threatening to attack us" or "threatening to attack us like wild dogs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/015.md b/psa/059/015.md index e9af0b0be0..56144897c7 100644 --- a/psa/059/015.md +++ b/psa/059/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # satisfied content, having everything they want - diff --git a/psa/059/016.md b/psa/059/016.md index acbdf5b0e1..3d746d93be 100644 --- a/psa/059/016.md +++ b/psa/059/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ High towers and refuges are places that people can go to for shelter from their # in the day of my distress "whenever I have had troubles" - diff --git a/psa/059/017.md b/psa/059/017.md index ef3ac663e7..531da0ce88 100644 --- a/psa/059/017.md +++ b/psa/059/017.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ High towers are places that people can go to for shelter from their enemies. The # the God of covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. This can be expressed in a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "He is the God who is faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/059/intro.md b/psa/059/intro.md index d8fe19f48f..638589072c 100644 --- a/psa/059/intro.md +++ b/psa/059/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 059 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 59 is a deliverance psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Protection -#### Protection The author prays for God to defeat his enemies. God is his protector. Therefore, he will praise God. -#### Superscription -The word "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this word but, in the end, no one is certain what it means. It is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you can simply translate it as "psalm." +### Superscription + +The word "Michtam" is used in the superscription for this psalm. There is much discussion about this word but, in the end, no one is certain what it means. It is easiest to transliterate this word into your language, or you can simply translate it as "psalm." ## Links: * __[Psalms 59:1](../../psa/059/001.md)__ __[<<](../058/intro.md) | [>>](../060/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/060/001.md b/psa/060/001.md index b5f65ac139..4677e601b5 100644 --- a/psa/060/001.md +++ b/psa/060/001.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ This refers to Joab and the army that he led. Alternate translation: "Joab and h # you have broken through our defenses God's allowing Israel's enemies to break through their defenses is spoken of as God himself had done it. Alternate translation: "you have allowed our enemies to break through our defenses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/060/002.md b/psa/060/002.md index 4a471db207..45a69d31a4 100644 --- a/psa/060/002.md +++ b/psa/060/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of the disaster in his country as if it were an earthquake. # heal its cracks Making the people strong again is spoken of as repairing large cracks in the ground or walls. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/060/003.md b/psa/060/003.md index 16a7484974..c5a14b7525 100644 --- a/psa/060/003.md +++ b/psa/060/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "see" represents "experience" or "suffer." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # drink the wine of staggering Being helpless is spoken of as staggering around, barely able to stand upright. The abstract noun "staggering" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "the wine that makes us stagger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/060/004.md b/psa/060/004.md index b6ae42b7a2..e5c1e1faab 100644 --- a/psa/060/004.md +++ b/psa/060/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated with an active clause. However some versions have different i # to be displayed against those who carry the bow The phrase "those who carry the bow" refers to the enemy soldiers in battle. Alternate translation: "to display when he takes his army into battle against your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/060/005.md b/psa/060/005.md index 90344a772b..78e447e86c 100644 --- a/psa/060/005.md +++ b/psa/060/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's right hand represents his power. Alternate translation: "by your power" (S # answer me Answering here represents responding to his request. Alternate translation: "respond to my request" or "answer my prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/060/006.md b/psa/060/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/060/006.md +++ b/psa/060/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/060/007.md b/psa/060/007.md index ac60b2332d..bd7ccac600 100644 --- a/psa/060/007.md +++ b/psa/060/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a hard hat that soldiers wear to protect their heads from injury # Judah is my scepter God chose men from the tribe of Judah to be the kings of his people, and he speaks of that tribe as if it were his scepter. Alternate translation: "the tribe of Judah is like my scepter" or "Judah is the tribe through whom I rule my people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/060/008.md b/psa/060/008.md index e7a8dd2bb4..3af6f304fe 100644 --- a/psa/060/008.md +++ b/psa/060/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God speaks of Moab being unimportant as if Moab were a washbasin or a lowly serv # over Edom I will throw my sandal God was probably speaking of taking ownership of Edom as if he were symbolically throwing his sandal onto that land to show that he owns it. However some versions have other interpretations. Alternate translation: "I take ownership of the land of Edom" or "I throw my sandal onto the land of Edom to show that it is mine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/060/009.md b/psa/060/009.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/060/009.md +++ b/psa/060/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/060/010.md b/psa/060/010.md index bd50c4d02b..a79184aa4a 100644 --- a/psa/060/010.md +++ b/psa/060/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist uses this question to express his sadness that it seems that God ha # You do not go into battle with our army The psalmist speaks of God helping their army as if God were to go and fight with them. Alternate translation: "you do not help our army when we go into battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/060/011.md b/psa/060/011.md index 2450ee81db..ff40b85b9c 100644 --- a/psa/060/011.md +++ b/psa/060/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # is futile "is worthless" - diff --git a/psa/060/012.md b/psa/060/012.md index e74bbd229c..efc66a9de0 100644 --- a/psa/060/012.md +++ b/psa/060/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he will trample down our enemies The psalmist speaks of God helping their army defeat their enemies as if God were to trample down the enemies. Alternate translation: "he will enable us to trample down our enemies" or "he will make us able to defeat our enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/060/intro.md b/psa/060/intro.md index be9c1eb368..56b985b338 100644 --- a/psa/060/intro.md +++ b/psa/060/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 060 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 60 is a psalm of war. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Protection -#### Protection God has preserved the land of Israel, and now he will give them victory over the countries of Moab and Edom. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God has preserved the land of Israel, and now he will give them victory over the * __[Psalms 60:1](../../psa/060/001.md)__ __[<<](../059/intro.md) | [>>](../061/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/061/001.md b/psa/061/001.md index 1aca603f7b..0d911eb41a 100644 --- a/psa/061/001.md +++ b/psa/061/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # Hear my cry, God; attend to my prayer These clauses have a similar meaning. Alternate translation: "God, listen to me and answer my prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/061/002.md b/psa/061/002.md index a1b524db60..8038146e55 100644 --- a/psa/061/002.md +++ b/psa/061/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lead me to the rock that is higher than I Here the writer speaks of God as if he were a high rock that he could climb for protection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/061/003.md b/psa/061/003.md index c4803dad50..c071081d73 100644 --- a/psa/061/003.md +++ b/psa/061/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being a refuge is a metaphor for keeping someone safe. Alternate translation: "Y # a strong tower from the enemy People sometimes hid in a strong tower from their enemies. Being a strong tower is a metaphor for keeping someone safe from his enemy. Alternate translation: "You have been like a strong tower to keep me safe from the enemy" or "You have protected me from my enemy like a strong tower" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/061/004.md b/psa/061/004.md index 8c6126b32c..18d714c195 100644 --- a/psa/061/004.md +++ b/psa/061/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # take refuge under the shelter of your wings Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Here there is a second metaphor that speaks of Yahweh's protection as if he was a hen protecting her baby chicks under her wings. Alternate translation: "go to you for protection as a chick is safe under the wings of its mother" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/061/005.md b/psa/061/005.md index 31ec6fd15d..90d30ddef6 100644 --- a/psa/061/005.md +++ b/psa/061/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of God's blessings as if they were an inheritance that he has # who honor your name Here "your name" means God himself. Alternate translation: "who honor you" or "who have an awesome respect for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/061/006.md b/psa/061/006.md index 20f1bc4882..35764cc857 100644 --- a/psa/061/006.md +++ b/psa/061/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two clauses have similar meanings. The idea is repeated for emphasis. (See # his years will be like many generations Here "years" refers to how long the king will live. Alternate translation: "he will live for many generations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/061/007.md b/psa/061/007.md index 2a22c8695f..32d366a1dc 100644 --- a/psa/061/007.md +++ b/psa/061/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here to "reign before God" means that God will approve of what the king does and # appoint your steadfast love and faithfulness to protect him The abstract nouns "love" and "faithfulness" are spoken of as if they were guards that would protect the king. Alternate translation: "always protect him because you love him and are faithful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/061/008.md b/psa/061/008.md index 93f2a1b43f..3e136fa268 100644 --- a/psa/061/008.md +++ b/psa/061/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" stands for God himself. Alternate translation: "I will always sing p # my vows These refer to the promise to offer sacrifices to God every day. - diff --git a/psa/061/intro.md b/psa/061/intro.md index 2129a3d2be..d91a3bf56b 100644 --- a/psa/061/intro.md +++ b/psa/061/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 061 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 61 is a psalm of praise. +Psalm 61 is a psalm of praise. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Vow -#### Vow The author has vowed to praise God every day of his life because God has blessed him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author has vowed to praise God every day of his life because God has blessed * __[Psalms 61:1](../../psa/061/001.md)__ __[<<](../060/intro.md) | [>>](../062/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/062/001.md b/psa/062/001.md index a57fab81c3..fb1b5699fc 100644 --- a/psa/062/001.md +++ b/psa/062/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ One of David's chief musicians had this same name. This may refer to him. See ho # my salvation comes from him "he is the one who rescues me" or "he is the one who saves me" - diff --git a/psa/062/002.md b/psa/062/002.md index 12b7a18d03..341be09b6f 100644 --- a/psa/062/002.md +++ b/psa/062/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of God's ability to protect him as if God were a high tower. A # I will not be greatly moved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nothing can ever move me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/062/003.md b/psa/062/003.md index ef22b4a130..a5717efdba 100644 --- a/psa/062/003.md +++ b/psa/062/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David uses a rhetorical question to express his frustration. No answer is expect # attack a man "attack me" - diff --git a/psa/062/004.md b/psa/062/004.md index e7cf4e0126..4cfc16dcd6 100644 --- a/psa/062/004.md +++ b/psa/062/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to their speech or their words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-meto # in their hearts This refers to their thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/062/005.md b/psa/062/005.md index e58d1e06b9..e500a7398a 100644 --- a/psa/062/005.md +++ b/psa/062/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my hope is set on him "for I place my hope in him" - diff --git a/psa/062/006.md b/psa/062/006.md index 09a9f3bae7..5853fd5070 100644 --- a/psa/062/006.md +++ b/psa/062/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of God as if he were a rock and a high tower. Both of these me # I will not be moved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nothing can move me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/062/007.md b/psa/062/007.md index 375b39a9a6..4b8bf3cb94 100644 --- a/psa/062/007.md +++ b/psa/062/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the rock of my strength and my refuge are in God The writer speaks of God as if he were a rock that keeps one safe from his enemies. He also speaks of God as if he were a shelter that provides protection. Alternate translation: "God always gives me strength and protection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/062/008.md b/psa/062/008.md index 49b590a791..6aeaf980cb 100644 --- a/psa/062/008.md +++ b/psa/062/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to telling God your inner feelings as if you were pouring out a liqu # refuge for us The word "us" refers to David and the people he is speaking to. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/psa/062/009.md b/psa/062/009.md index e86a2bea14..e0924fa38b 100644 --- a/psa/062/009.md +++ b/psa/062/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to men of all levels of wealth and importance. The phrases "are vani # weighed together, they are lighter than nothing If you put all of these kinds of men together on a scale, they would have no weight. This means that they have no real value to you. - diff --git a/psa/062/010.md b/psa/062/010.md index 7a894bc534..c1ab738e4f 100644 --- a/psa/062/010.md +++ b/psa/062/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of riches as if they were trees or vines that could bear fruit # do not fix your heart on them Here "fix your heart" is an idiom that means to desire something greatly. Alternate translation: "do not desire them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/062/011.md b/psa/062/011.md index ce7a0c3ecf..b05450e5e3 100644 --- a/psa/062/011.md +++ b/psa/062/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that God has said this more than once. # power belongs to God God being characterized by power is spoken of as if power belonged to him. The abstract noun "power" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "God is powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/062/012.md b/psa/062/012.md index 096f9e6a45..06e3f3400c 100644 --- a/psa/062/012.md +++ b/psa/062/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God being characterized by covenant faithfulness is spoken of as if covenant fai # for you pay back every person for what he has done The writer speaks of God's rewards as if he were paying a wage for work. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/062/intro.md b/psa/062/intro.md index 86b648d0a4..4226fee224 100644 --- a/psa/062/intro.md +++ b/psa/062/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 062 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 62 is a psalm of deliverance. It expresses trust that God will save the psalmist from his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -#### Trust Although the psalmist's enemies have attacked him when he was feeling weak, he trusts in God to deliver him. God is powerful and kind. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Although the psalmist's enemies have attacked him when he was feeling weak, he t * __[Psalms 62:1](../../psa/062/001.md)__ __[<<](../061/intro.md) | [>>](../063/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/063/001.md b/psa/063/001.md index 66cb2efab9..5694ef4ca5 100644 --- a/psa/063/001.md +++ b/psa/063/001.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) # A psalm of David, when he was in the wilderness of Judah - + This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # A psalm of David @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These two clauses have basically the same meaning and are used together to empha # dry and weary land "hot, dry desert" - diff --git a/psa/063/002.md b/psa/063/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/063/002.md +++ b/psa/063/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/063/003.md b/psa/063/003.md index 9420450de4..72be4e6b70 100644 --- a/psa/063/003.md +++ b/psa/063/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adverb and the abstra # my lips will praise you Here "my lips" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I will praise you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/063/004.md b/psa/063/004.md index 8c93e0d495..4d398381b9 100644 --- a/psa/063/004.md +++ b/psa/063/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will lift up my hands in your name Here "in your name" means "to you." Alternate translation: "I will worship you and pray to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/063/005.md b/psa/063/005.md index f46ad552ed..03050b98fd 100644 --- a/psa/063/005.md +++ b/psa/063/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the writer speaks of knowing and worshiping God as being more satisfying th # with joyful lips my mouth will praise you Here "with joyful lips my mouth" represents the whole person who will praise God joyfully. Alternate translation: "I will praise you joyfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/063/006.md b/psa/063/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/063/006.md +++ b/psa/063/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/063/007.md b/psa/063/007.md index c4296308c1..833c24ce6c 100644 --- a/psa/063/007.md +++ b/psa/063/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in the shadow of your wings I rejoice The writer speaks of God as if he were a bird protecting its young under his wings. Alternate translation: "I rejoice because you protect me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/063/008.md b/psa/063/008.md index 5ae8165c77..b2c231a934 100644 --- a/psa/063/008.md +++ b/psa/063/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your right hand supports me Here, the right hand is used as a symbol of strength and power. Alternate translation: "you support me" or "you lift me up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/063/009.md b/psa/063/009.md index 5b28792da5..bf7d1b63f5 100644 --- a/psa/063/009.md +++ b/psa/063/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will go down into the lowest parts of the earth This means they will die and go to the place of the dead. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "will die and descend into the place of the dead" or "will die and go down into the place of the dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/063/010.md b/psa/063/010.md index 19600ca7af..7d2f1554e1 100644 --- a/psa/063/010.md +++ b/psa/063/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "they" refers to the corpses of those who die in battle. Alternate translat # the jackals "jackals" here are a kind of long-legged wild dog. They feed on carrion, game, and fruit. - diff --git a/psa/063/011.md b/psa/063/011.md index 2678e5b832..c7955d8e8c 100644 --- a/psa/063/011.md +++ b/psa/063/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "him" refers to "God." # but the mouth of those who speak lies will be stopped up Here "the mouth" represents the whole person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but God will silence the liars" or "but God will silence those who lie" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/063/intro.md b/psa/063/intro.md index b0dad8162e..0992343731 100644 --- a/psa/063/intro.md +++ b/psa/063/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 063 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 63 is a psalm of praise. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise -#### Praise The author praises God for who he is and for having protected him. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author praises God for who he is and for having protected him. * __[Psalms 63:1](../../psa/063/001.md)__ __[<<](../062/intro.md) | [>>](../064/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/064/001.md b/psa/064/001.md index 3d2c304373..b1c23e596f 100644 --- a/psa/064/001.md +++ b/psa/064/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # preserve save - diff --git a/psa/064/002.md b/psa/064/002.md index abbc8334b8..fa0c9d5ccd 100644 --- a/psa/064/002.md +++ b/psa/064/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "hide me" are understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated # the commotion of those who behave wickedly Possible meanings are that "commotion" refers to 1) a noisy disturbance. Alternate translation: "the noisy disturbance that those who behave wickedly make" or 2) a crowd that makes a noisy disturbance. Alternate translation: "the noisy crowd of those who behave wickedly" - diff --git a/psa/064/003.md b/psa/064/003.md index 6056a59cd9..b31e15362f 100644 --- a/psa/064/003.md +++ b/psa/064/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of his enemies' tongues as if they were as sharp as swords. He # arrows, bitter words The writer speaks of his enemies' bitter words as if they were arrows being shot at him. Alternate translation: "bitter words which pierce me like arrows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/064/004.md b/psa/064/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/064/004.md +++ b/psa/064/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/064/005.md b/psa/064/005.md index 1aed9fb358..3af3c0cd42 100644 --- a/psa/064/005.md +++ b/psa/064/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who will see us? The evildoers do not expect an answer to their question because they think no one will see them. Alternate translation: "No one will see what we are doing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/064/006.md b/psa/064/006.md index 1dc4f4e692..a7e395b12f 100644 --- a/psa/064/006.md +++ b/psa/064/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of man's "inner thoughts" and "hearts of man" as if they were # inner thoughts ... hearts of man Both of these phrases refer to man's private or inner thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/064/007.md b/psa/064/007.md index b05192045d..2da6b3c9bb 100644 --- a/psa/064/007.md +++ b/psa/064/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues to speak of the "evildoers" of [Psalms 64:1](../064/001.md) # But God will shoot them ... with his arrows The writer speaks of God's punishment of the evildoers as if God were shooting arrows at them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/064/008.md b/psa/064/008.md index e46795a3bd..2f81842bc0 100644 --- a/psa/064/008.md +++ b/psa/064/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of God's causing the evildoers' plans to fail as if God were m # since their own tongues are against them Here "tongues" represents the words that they say. Alternate translation: "since the words that they say are against them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/064/009.md b/psa/064/009.md index 8143e7ba62..5d4dc5efaf 100644 --- a/psa/064/009.md +++ b/psa/064/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what he has done "what God has done" - diff --git a/psa/064/010.md b/psa/064/010.md index f5982fe917..28495506e5 100644 --- a/psa/064/010.md +++ b/psa/064/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate t # all the upright in heart will take pride in him Here "upright in heart" is an idiom that means godly or righteous. Alternate translation: "all the people who are godly will praise him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/064/intro.md b/psa/064/intro.md index 77b64e29db..d2a6e3f138 100644 --- a/psa/064/intro.md +++ b/psa/064/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 064 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 64 is a psalm of deliverance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Plotting of enemies -#### Plotting of enemies The author's enemies have plotted against him but God has saved him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author's enemies have plotted against him but God has saved him. (See: [[rc: * __[Psalms 64:1](../../psa/064/001.md)__ __[<<](../063/intro.md) | [>>](../065/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/065/001.md b/psa/065/001.md index 6b24b54efc..8692d3931e 100644 --- a/psa/065/001.md +++ b/psa/065/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This speaks of praise as if it were a person who could act on its own. Alternate # our vows will be carried out to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we will do what we have promised you that we would do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/065/002.md b/psa/065/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/065/002.md +++ b/psa/065/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/065/003.md b/psa/065/003.md index 43798780eb..0049daab5d 100644 --- a/psa/065/003.md +++ b/psa/065/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David speaks about iniquity as if it were a person that is able to defeat or opp # you will forgive them The word "them" refers to our "iniquities." - diff --git a/psa/065/004.md b/psa/065/004.md index 48da809b59..fa687fd9e3 100644 --- a/psa/065/004.md +++ b/psa/065/004.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "we" refers to David and the people of Israel, but not to God, to # your house, your holy temple "your house, which is your holy temple" - diff --git a/psa/065/005.md b/psa/065/005.md index d75af271a7..d19ef7de38 100644 --- a/psa/065/005.md +++ b/psa/065/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases have similar meanings. Alternate translation: "of all the peop # of all the ends of the earth This refers to the people who live all over the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/065/006.md b/psa/065/006.md index 6d7bca2e8f..470afce9ed 100644 --- a/psa/065/006.md +++ b/psa/065/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you who are girded with strength The writer speaks of God as if he wore his strength like a belt. Alternate translation: "showing that you are very powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/065/007.md b/psa/065/007.md index 30355d047e..9ee5480477 100644 --- a/psa/065/007.md +++ b/psa/065/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is also something that God makes quiet. # commotion loud noise - diff --git a/psa/065/008.md b/psa/065/008.md index a8de8f5f14..9e2ff59fad 100644 --- a/psa/065/008.md +++ b/psa/065/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ proof or something that shows that another thing is true # you make the east and the west rejoice The phrase "the east and the west" refers to the people who live all over the earth. Alternate translation: "you cause people everywhere to shout joyfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/065/009.md b/psa/065/009.md index c29bcb30ec..f74d8523f6 100644 --- a/psa/065/009.md +++ b/psa/065/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the soil of the earth. # the river of God is full of water This refers to the supply of water in the sky that God sends to water the earth and fill the streams. Alternate translation: "you fill the streams with water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/065/010.md b/psa/065/010.md index 05dcc78bc4..b16329eb5b 100644 --- a/psa/065/010.md +++ b/psa/065/010.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A furrow is a long narrow trench made in the ground for planting seeds or for wa # ridges edges - diff --git a/psa/065/011.md b/psa/065/011.md index a4054fe1db..62c0e5f791 100644 --- a/psa/065/011.md +++ b/psa/065/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the "year" is given the human quality of wearing a crown. Alternate transla # your wagon tracks overflow with abundance Yahweh making the soil so good and fertile that it produces an abundant harvest is spoken of as if Yahweh were traveling through an empty land in a cart, leaving abundant food behind wherever he goes. Alternate translation: "everywhere you have been, you have left abundant food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/065/012.md b/psa/065/012.md index 355011b828..cf9dbfbc89 100644 --- a/psa/065/012.md +++ b/psa/065/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ There is so much dew in the pastures that they are said to drip with it. Alterna # the hills are girded with joy The writer speaks of the beauty of the hills as if they were joyful people, and of joy as if it were clothing. Alternate translation: "the hills are like people wearing joy" or "the hills are like joyful people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/065/013.md b/psa/065/013.md index b2c62ff064..917898c6f3 100644 --- a/psa/065/013.md +++ b/psa/065/013.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The pastures, hills and valleys are so bountiful, that they seem to shout and si # they shout The word "they" refers to the pastures and valleys. - diff --git a/psa/065/intro.md b/psa/065/intro.md index 528b47a01e..ff27f1d718 100644 --- a/psa/065/intro.md +++ b/psa/065/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 065 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 65 is a psalm of praise to God. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's power -#### God's power God answered prayers and gave the people justice and hope. God created nature and controls it, sending rain so the grain and pastures grow well. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God answered prayers and gave the people justice and hope. God created nature an * __[Psalms 65:1](../../psa/065/001.md)__ __[<<](../064/intro.md) | [>>](../066/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/066/001.md b/psa/066/001.md index 79d539dac9..c5f9bbb831 100644 --- a/psa/066/001.md +++ b/psa/066/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The kind of shout can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Shout joyfully # all the earth This refers to all the people who live on the earth. Alternate translation: "everyone on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/002.md b/psa/066/002.md index 6bde0b48e7..4fa0ef884c 100644 --- a/psa/066/002.md +++ b/psa/066/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These phrases have similar meanings and are used together to emphasize how wonde # the glory of his name God's name here represents God himself. Alternate translation: "his glory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/003.md b/psa/066/003.md index e39ab7e8a1..1fe5c31c4d 100644 --- a/psa/066/003.md +++ b/psa/066/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The works of God cause us to be in awe and terrified because we know he is power # By the greatness of your power "Because you have great power" - diff --git a/psa/066/004.md b/psa/066/004.md index 75f1b29998..29e06ee812 100644 --- a/psa/066/004.md +++ b/psa/066/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to all of the people who live on the earth. Alternate translation: " # they will sing praises to your name Here "your name" refers to God himself. Alternate translation: "they will praise and honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/005.md b/psa/066/005.md index 400f915757..a71dfeea8d 100644 --- a/psa/066/005.md +++ b/psa/066/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words refer to God. # the sons of mankind "humanity" - diff --git a/psa/066/006.md b/psa/066/006.md index a05d1f82dd..cce343cfbb 100644 --- a/psa/066/006.md +++ b/psa/066/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "they" refers to God's people, the Israelites. # we rejoiced The word "we" refers to the Israelites, their ancestors, David, and the people he is speaking to. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/007.md b/psa/066/007.md index 605668422c..874fb507d4 100644 --- a/psa/066/007.md +++ b/psa/066/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These phrase "his eyes" refers to God himself. Alternate translation: "he sees" # let not the rebellious exalt themselves "let not the rebellious people exalt themselves" or "let not the rebellious people be proud" - diff --git a/psa/066/008.md b/psa/066/008.md index 09cfaf3415..c0fb55d969 100644 --- a/psa/066/008.md +++ b/psa/066/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Give blessing to God ... let the sound of his praise be heard These two clauses have similar meanings. The idea is repeated to emphasize the importance of praising God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/009.md b/psa/066/009.md index f9556a762f..1337a980cf 100644 --- a/psa/066/009.md +++ b/psa/066/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to David and the people he is speaking to. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # he does not permit our feet to slip The writer speaks of God's protection as preventing his people from slipping as they walk or falling off a cliff. Alternate translation: "he has not allowed us to fall into disaster" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/010.md b/psa/066/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/066/010.md +++ b/psa/066/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/066/011.md b/psa/066/011.md index 421a651ffc..ed4b3ce3a4 100644 --- a/psa/066/011.md +++ b/psa/066/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a trap for a bird or an animal # you laid a heavy burden on our backs The writer speaks of what the people have endured as having to carry heavy loads on their backs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/012.md b/psa/066/012.md index 7adadf00a3..431e703c21 100644 --- a/psa/066/012.md +++ b/psa/066/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God tested them with natural disasters like fires and floods. Alternate translat # spacious place The writer speaks of the blessings that the people of Israel now have as if they had been brought into a wide open space where they are safe. Alternate translation: "open place where we are safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/013.md b/psa/066/013.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/066/013.md +++ b/psa/066/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/066/014.md b/psa/066/014.md index c04dcea258..975e38be23 100644 --- a/psa/066/014.md +++ b/psa/066/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # which my lips promised and my mouth spoke Here "lips" and "mouth" refer to the words of promise that were spoken. Alternate translation: "which I promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/015.md b/psa/066/015.md index 31b9042258..70d1525019 100644 --- a/psa/066/015.md +++ b/psa/066/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # aroma of rams "smell of the smoke of sacrificed rams" - diff --git a/psa/066/016.md b/psa/066/016.md index 9af6d286a7..1709b2fcb2 100644 --- a/psa/066/016.md +++ b/psa/066/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will declare what he has done for my soul The word "soul" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I will tell you what he has done for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/017.md b/psa/066/017.md index 42267858b8..4844a2f0f5 100644 --- a/psa/066/017.md +++ b/psa/066/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "mouth" represents the whole person who cries out to God. (See: [[rc:// # he was praised with my tongue Here "tongue" represents words or speech. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I praised him with my tongue" or "I praised him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/018.md b/psa/066/018.md index da0b701603..4c9b491d81 100644 --- a/psa/066/018.md +++ b/psa/066/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # would not have listened to me Here "would not have listened" implies that God would not have answered his prayer. This can be made clear in the translation. Alternate translation: "would not have heard me call out to him" or "he would not have answered my prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/019.md b/psa/066/019.md index 16ebf35f6f..82b11d99d2 100644 --- a/psa/066/019.md +++ b/psa/066/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two clauses have similar meanings and are used together to emphasize that # the voice of my prayer Here the author's prayer is given the personal quality of having a voice. Alternate translation: "my prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/020.md b/psa/066/020.md index c9a074d790..2ac24bbacb 100644 --- a/psa/066/020.md +++ b/psa/066/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "turned away' represents ignoring his prayer. Alternate translation: "who h # or his covenant faithfulness from me The phrase "has not turned away" is understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated here. The idea of "his covenant faithfulness" can be translated with the phrase "being faithful to his covenant." Alternate translation: "and has not turned away his covenant faithfulness from me" or "and has not stopped being faithful to his covenant with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/066/intro.md b/psa/066/intro.md index 2df063f402..79550ef6f5 100644 --- a/psa/066/intro.md +++ b/psa/066/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 066 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 66 is a psalm of praise. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh saves -#### Yahweh saves Just as God brought Israel through the wilderness, he took the author through hard times but saved him. The author will worship God by sacrificing animals to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Just as God brought Israel through the wilderness, he took the author through ha * __[Psalms 66:1](../../psa/066/001.md)__ __[<<](../065/intro.md) | [>>](../067/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/067/001.md b/psa/067/001.md index 7288e01ff9..059eb3845e 100644 --- a/psa/067/001.md +++ b/psa/067/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # cause his face to shine on us The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably towards them as if Yahweh's face shone a light on them. Alternate translation: "act favorably towards us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/067/002.md b/psa/067/002.md index 6c6641e9a9..3ae47fd046 100644 --- a/psa/067/002.md +++ b/psa/067/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people may know your # your salvation among all nations The writer desires for everyone to know that God has the power to save them. This can be made clear in the translation. Alternate translation: "and the people of all nations may know that you have the power to save them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/067/003.md b/psa/067/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/067/003.md +++ b/psa/067/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/067/004.md b/psa/067/004.md index c6985c04ce..5f4e3ddb51 100644 --- a/psa/067/004.md +++ b/psa/067/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "nations" represents the people who live in all the nations on the earth. ( # with justice "fairly" or "justly" - diff --git a/psa/067/005.md b/psa/067/005.md index fbbf6b44b2..35bf612ddc 100644 --- a/psa/067/005.md +++ b/psa/067/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let the peoples praise you ... let all the peoples praise you The second clause intensifies the meaning of the first to emphasize how important it is to praise God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/067/006.md b/psa/067/006.md index d2ec19373a..127476fd38 100644 --- a/psa/067/006.md +++ b/psa/067/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The earth has yielded its produce Here the writer speaks of "the earth" as if it has chosen to provide food to the people. Alternate translation: "We have gained much food from our crops" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/067/007.md b/psa/067/007.md index e47ab3c4e4..8d7aa8de50 100644 --- a/psa/067/007.md +++ b/psa/067/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the ends of the earth honor him This means that people everywhere should honor God because of his blessings. Alternate translation: "I desire that all people everywhere on the earth may have an awesome respect for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/067/intro.md b/psa/067/intro.md index 521d3a7122..b77403cd66 100644 --- a/psa/067/intro.md +++ b/psa/067/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 067 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 67 is a worship psalm. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise -#### Praise People all over the world should be praising God. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ People all over the world should be praising God. * __[Psalms 67:1](../../psa/067/001.md)__ __[<<](../066/intro.md) | [>>](../068/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/068/001.md b/psa/068/001.md index 42023cc4d6..f4703f31e4 100644 --- a/psa/068/001.md +++ b/psa/068/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ God beginning to act is spoke of as if he stands up. Alternate translation: "Let # let his enemies be scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "let God chase away his enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/002.md b/psa/068/002.md index 5e6caf3629..bc6cd2c183 100644 --- a/psa/068/002.md +++ b/psa/068/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's enemies are spoken of as if they are wax that is easily melted by a fire. # the wicked This refers to the wicked people in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/003.md b/psa/068/003.md index 672f8ef289..6c461069fb 100644 --- a/psa/068/003.md +++ b/psa/068/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the righteous people in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # rejoice with gladness "rejoice and be happy" or "be joyful and glad." This is probably a hendiadys. Alternate translation: "be very glad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/004.md b/psa/068/004.md index b05a57c862..c833f6fa43 100644 --- a/psa/068/004.md +++ b/psa/068/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to God. Alternate translation: "to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/f # the one who rides through the plains God's presence among people is spoken of as if he rides on the earth in a horse or chariot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/005.md b/psa/068/005.md index 16d36defd8..df92124400 100644 --- a/psa/068/005.md +++ b/psa/068/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God is spoken of as a compassionate God who acts like a father to orphans. Alter # a judge of the widows God is spoken of as a merciful God who protects widows. Alternate translation: "a protector of widows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/006.md b/psa/068/006.md index fc3b7cad7e..0a8832ca07 100644 --- a/psa/068/006.md +++ b/psa/068/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This nominal adjective refers to rebellious people and can be translated with ei # a parched land God's punishment of the rebellious is spoken of as if he forces them to live in a hot desert land. Alternate translation: "a very hot and dry land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/007.md b/psa/068/007.md index 59f8b16831..0c375d4263 100644 --- a/psa/068/007.md +++ b/psa/068/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases refer to the same event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-paral # when you marched through the wilderness God is spoken of as if he was a soldier marching ahead of the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/008.md b/psa/068/008.md index 072ec85db8..74ad8396d4 100644 --- a/psa/068/008.md +++ b/psa/068/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in the presence of God This idiom here refers to God's appearance before the Israelites. Alternate translation: "when God appeared to the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/009.md b/psa/068/009.md index 722decedb2..b3664963a6 100644 --- a/psa/068/009.md +++ b/psa/068/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The land of Israel is spoken of as if it was a person who could be weary, or cou # your inheritance The land that God gave to the Israelites is spoken of as if it was an inheritance that a father passed on to his children. Alternate translation: "the land that you gave to us Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/010.md b/psa/068/010.md index 7c9354562d..dfd733fdcf 100644 --- a/psa/068/010.md +++ b/psa/068/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the poor This refers to poor people in general. Alternate translation: "poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/011.md b/psa/068/011.md index 2beedd76cd..aa21738b35 100644 --- a/psa/068/011.md +++ b/psa/068/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David continues the story of the journey of the Israelites through the desert. I # those who announced them ... army The large number of people told the Lord's message to others. They are spoken of as if there were a large army. Since this phrase is feminine, some versions translate it as, "the women who announced them ... army." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/012.md b/psa/068/012.md index 6a21c00472..85f7ebea0e 100644 --- a/psa/068/012.md +++ b/psa/068/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The kings represent themselves and their entire armies. It is understood that th # plunder things that are taken from the defeated army and brought to the victorious army's home. - diff --git a/psa/068/013.md b/psa/068/013.md index 91546d7767..ee6509a02f 100644 --- a/psa/068/013.md +++ b/psa/068/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the wings of a dove are covered with silver ... gold This means that some of the plunder is very valuable because it is covered with precious metals. - diff --git a/psa/068/014.md b/psa/068/014.md index 724d4e2df0..d9b02fa015 100644 --- a/psa/068/014.md +++ b/psa/068/014.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "kings" refers to their armies as well. Alternate translation: "scattered t # Mount Zalmon This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/015.md b/psa/068/015.md index 2c7e8e75c7..69822ee870 100644 --- a/psa/068/015.md +++ b/psa/068/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A mighty mountain is the ... a high mountain is the These two phrase have similar meanings and are used together to strengthen each other. Alternate translation: "a mighty and high mountain is the hill country of Bashan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/016.md b/psa/068/016.md index daf2e00566..62736d3ae5 100644 --- a/psa/068/016.md +++ b/psa/068/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why do you look in envy ... for the place he will live? This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "The high hill country of Bashan should not look in envy at the mountain which God desires for the place he will live." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/017.md b/psa/068/017.md index feb22c31ce..2b58b288a3 100644 --- a/psa/068/017.md +++ b/psa/068/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty thousand, thousands upon thousands This is probably not meant to be an exact number, but to indicate a large number. Alternate translation: "many thousands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/018.md b/psa/068/018.md index 4ead37df58..df2b03cfe5 100644 --- a/psa/068/018.md +++ b/psa/068/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ascended To "ascend" is to to move up, to go toward the sky. - diff --git a/psa/068/019.md b/psa/068/019.md index 5dc3989224..cd4c32b0a6 100644 --- a/psa/068/019.md +++ b/psa/068/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the God who is our salvation The words "is our salvation" can be translated with the verb "save." Alternate translation: "the God who saves us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/020.md b/psa/068/020.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/068/020.md +++ b/psa/068/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/068/021.md b/psa/068/021.md index 9fc615103a..d217d45050 100644 --- a/psa/068/021.md +++ b/psa/068/021.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It seems to have been the custom for soldiers not to cut their hair during the t # walk in offenses against him Offending God is spoken of as walking among the offenses. Alternate translation: "habitually offend him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/022.md b/psa/068/022.md index e94beeeed8..448f49f572 100644 --- a/psa/068/022.md +++ b/psa/068/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to God's enemies. # the depths of the sea This speaks of the most remote parts of the earth where people might try to escape from God as if they were the depths of the sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/023.md b/psa/068/023.md index 2b4588a702..8c8a38e2c7 100644 --- a/psa/068/023.md +++ b/psa/068/023.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The violence of from the destruction of the enemies is spoke of in very graphic # the tongues of your dogs may have their share The bloodshed from the battle against Israel's enemies is spoken of as if it is so extensive that the dogs will lap up the flowing blood with their tongues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/024.md b/psa/068/024.md index b7876d43fd..c1da68942d 100644 --- a/psa/068/024.md +++ b/psa/068/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # processions A procession is a group of people walking together in an orderly manner as part of a ceremony. - diff --git a/psa/068/025.md b/psa/068/025.md index edaaba0d27..ee6a102431 100644 --- a/psa/068/025.md +++ b/psa/068/025.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # minstrels people who play musical instruments - diff --git a/psa/068/026.md b/psa/068/026.md index 22117647fe..1f4f5d307a 100644 --- a/psa/068/026.md +++ b/psa/068/026.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: " # from the fountain of Israel The word "fountain" is a metaphor for the ability of the man Israel to be the ancestor of many people: as much water comes from a fountain, so Israel is the ancestor of many people. This also implies that the call is to those who serve God as the man Israel did. Alternate translation: "true descendants of Israel" or "all of you descendants from Israel"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/027.md b/psa/068/027.md index 7e43672c34..2f285ce354 100644 --- a/psa/068/027.md +++ b/psa/068/027.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their multitudes "their group." The word "their" refers to the leaders of Judah. - diff --git a/psa/068/028.md b/psa/068/028.md index 57c9d9149c..b9264839c6 100644 --- a/psa/068/028.md +++ b/psa/068/028.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Some versions understand the Hebrew text differently: "Summon your strength, God # to us The word "us" refers to the writer and the people of Israel, but not to Yahweh, to whom he is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/029.md b/psa/068/029.md index 66c964c1ae..052a79f5c6 100644 --- a/psa/068/029.md +++ b/psa/068/029.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "us" refers to the writer and the people of Israel, but not to Yahweh, # Reveal your power The abstract noun "power" can be stated as "strong." Alternate translation: "Show us that you are strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/030.md b/psa/068/030.md index e544b059bc..c001f2fa96 100644 --- a/psa/068/030.md +++ b/psa/068/030.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The peoples of other nations are spoken of as if they were a large group of catt # scatter This means cause something to spread quickly in different directions. - diff --git a/psa/068/031.md b/psa/068/031.md index 61600fa142..d70c0af21c 100644 --- a/psa/068/031.md +++ b/psa/068/031.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people of Cush. Alternate translation: "The Cushites" (See: [ # reach out with her hands to God This is a symbolic action that represents worship to God. Alternate translation: "lift up her hands to praise God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/032.md b/psa/068/032.md index 91692192a7..978d8d9876 100644 --- a/psa/068/032.md +++ b/psa/068/032.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you kingdoms of the earth Here "kingdoms" refers to the citizens of the kingdoms. Alternate translation: "you people who are citizens of kingdoms all over the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/033.md b/psa/068/033.md index 4f34eeeb0d..2c9a1d226a 100644 --- a/psa/068/033.md +++ b/psa/068/033.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words further describe Yahweh [Psalm 68:32](../068/032.md) as if he rides # he lifts up his voice with power This idiom means he speaks powerfully. Alternate translation: "he shouts powerfully" or "he speaks loudly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/034.md b/psa/068/034.md index 32958a6e82..fa58f19c98 100644 --- a/psa/068/034.md +++ b/psa/068/034.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his strength is in the skies The abstract noun "strength" can be stated as "powerful." Alternate translation: "in the skies he also shows that he is powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/035.md b/psa/068/035.md index 93761ea317..e0f04c631d 100644 --- a/psa/068/035.md +++ b/psa/068/035.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author speaks directly to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrop # strength and power These two words mean basically these same thing. They emphasize how much strength God provides to his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/068/intro.md b/psa/068/intro.md index 531dbcc6f2..ec8c78c38a 100644 --- a/psa/068/intro.md +++ b/psa/068/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 068 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 68 is a worship psalm. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's greatness -#### Yahweh's greatness God is exceedingly great. He takes care of the weak and helpless. He is glorious in his temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -#### No Common Theme -Scholars have found this psalm the most difficult to interpret. There does not appear to be any unity to this psalm. +### No Common Theme + +Scholars have found this psalm the most difficult to interpret. There does not appear to be any unity to this psalm. + ## Links: * __[Psalms 68:1](../../psa/068/001.md)__ __[<<](../067/intro.md) | [>>](../069/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/069/001.md b/psa/069/001.md index eabe703df4..5dd06c985d 100644 --- a/psa/069/001.md +++ b/psa/069/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This may refer to a style of music. See how you translated this in [Psalms 45:1] # for the waters have put my life in danger The writer describes the troubles in his life as if he were drowning in a flood of water. Alternate translation: "for it feels like I am drowning in the waters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/002.md b/psa/069/002.md index 963dbd30ba..22af17a6a5 100644 --- a/psa/069/002.md +++ b/psa/069/002.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer uses a negative statement to stress how unstable and uncertain his co # I have come into deep waters, where the floods flow over me The writer describes his problems as if he was drowning in a deep, raging river. Alternate translation: "t feels like I am in deep waters, and the floodwaters flow over me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/003.md b/psa/069/003.md index 4b073aeff1..c6f1075b96 100644 --- a/psa/069/003.md +++ b/psa/069/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ very tired # my eyes fail This idiom means the writer has cried so much that his eyes do not see well any longer. Alternate translation: "my eyes are swollen from tears" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/004.md b/psa/069/004.md index cfcebb02d7..f2eec9563f 100644 --- a/psa/069/004.md +++ b/psa/069/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an exaggeration to express how many enemies the writer has. Alternate tr # cut me off This idiom means "kill me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/005.md b/psa/069/005.md index cbaf3a498a..4536cc5ac4 100644 --- a/psa/069/005.md +++ b/psa/069/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "foolishness" can be stated as "foolish." Alternate translatio # my sins are not hidden from you This can be expressed as a positive statement. Alternate translation: "you know all my sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/006.md b/psa/069/006.md index ee44eb8ba9..22de6eb792 100644 --- a/psa/069/006.md +++ b/psa/069/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Please do not allow a # those who seek you Seeking God represents either 1) asking God for help or 2) thinking about God and obeying him. Alternate translation: 1) "those who ask you for help" or 2) "those who worship and obey you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/007.md b/psa/069/007.md index b83a1d3808..f3d2cc9ea5 100644 --- a/psa/069/007.md +++ b/psa/069/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The rebukes of the writer's enemies are spoken of as if they are a heavy load th # shame has covered my face The writer speaks of the shame that he feels as if it is a foul thing on his face that everyone can clearly see. Alternate translation: "I am thoroughly humiliated" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/008.md b/psa/069/008.md index c702f31373..cd581c60c2 100644 --- a/psa/069/008.md +++ b/psa/069/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing. They are repeated to stress his separatio # an alien to my mother's children It is implied that "I have become" should be understood here. The writer speaks of himself as if he were not part of his own family. Alternate translation: "my brothers no longer know or trust me at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/009.md b/psa/069/009.md index 0479e88e9f..8396deb1e7 100644 --- a/psa/069/009.md +++ b/psa/069/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means that the writer's zeal for the temple takes over all of his tho # the rebukes ... have fallen on me The writer speaks of the rebukes of Gods' enemies as if they were rocks that were thrown at the writer. Alternate translation: "those who rebuke you have also thrown their rebukes at me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/010.md b/psa/069/010.md index 9cd2de0f7e..a4a60425df 100644 --- a/psa/069/010.md +++ b/psa/069/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The fact that the writer was fasting indicates that he was sad about the way peo # I must endure scorn "my enemies rebuked me because I was weeping and not eating" - diff --git a/psa/069/011.md b/psa/069/011.md index 2fe738745a..111b40da92 100644 --- a/psa/069/011.md +++ b/psa/069/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Wearing rough, cheap clothing was a symbol of mourning over sin. (See: [[rc://en # I became a byword to them The writer speaks of himself as if he was the sad or foolish person that people joke about in a rhyme or proverb; the taunting was intended to bring shame to him. Alternate translation: "I became a joke to them" or "they made fun of me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/012.md b/psa/069/012.md index 656c9901fa..dd428a4d37 100644 --- a/psa/069/012.md +++ b/psa/069/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "city gate" is associated with leadership of a town. Alternate translation: # I am a song of drunkards The writer speaks of himself as if he was the person about whom the drunkards sing mocking songs. Alternate translation: "the drunkards of the city sing disgusting songs about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/013.md b/psa/069/013.md index 1b8fc442a3..e96fe5cb0e 100644 --- a/psa/069/013.md +++ b/psa/069/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # answer me in the trustworthiness of your salvation The abstract nouns "trustworthiness" and "salvation" can be stated as "faithfully" and "rescue." Alternate translation: "rescue me because you faithfully love me, as you have promised to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/014.md b/psa/069/014.md index 6fd63550f3..30de351551 100644 --- a/psa/069/014.md +++ b/psa/069/014.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It is understood that "let me be" is implied here. It can be stated in active fo # rescued out of the deep waters The writer speaks about his danger from his enemies as if he was drowning in deep water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/015.md b/psa/069/015.md index 5644c118ab..8e78db9b43 100644 --- a/psa/069/015.md +++ b/psa/069/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of the deep as if it was a deadly animal that was about to eat # Do not let the pit shut its mouth on me Here the "pit" is spoken of as if it has a mouth like a person and could eat the writer. Alternate translation: "Do not let the pit consume me" or "Do not let the pit of death close over me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/016.md b/psa/069/016.md index ab1abaf62b..f6d7e4ba18 100644 --- a/psa/069/016.md +++ b/psa/069/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate tr # turn to me The idea of turning towards someone means to pay attention to them or help them. Alternate translation: "help me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/017.md b/psa/069/017.md index c49071eed1..7eca126a8f 100644 --- a/psa/069/017.md +++ b/psa/069/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To hide one's face means to refuse to hear or help someone. Alternate translatio # in distress "in great trouble" - diff --git a/psa/069/018.md b/psa/069/018.md index aa71a74f84..e4510525cf 100644 --- a/psa/069/018.md +++ b/psa/069/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer asks God to redeem him as if the writer were a slave whose freedom Go # ransom me The writer asks God to ransom him as if the writer were a captive whose release could be paid for with money. Alternate translation: "rescue me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/019.md b/psa/069/019.md index 676005c0a7..3f0362705f 100644 --- a/psa/069/019.md +++ b/psa/069/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These abstract nouns can be stated as actions. Alternate translation: "how peopl # my adversaries are all before you Here "before you" means that God sees and knows all about them. Alternate translation: "you know who all my enemies are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/020.md b/psa/069/020.md index b66312af1e..2db4a5641f 100644 --- a/psa/069/020.md +++ b/psa/069/020.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer's great sadness is spoken of as if he was full of a heavy weight. Alt # to take pity to feel sorrow or sadness - diff --git a/psa/069/021.md b/psa/069/021.md index d7e5447853..975b861ead 100644 --- a/psa/069/021.md +++ b/psa/069/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They gave me poison for my food This is probably figurative. The food that people gave to the writer was so bad that it tasted like poison. Alternate translation: "They gave me food that tasted like poison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/022.md b/psa/069/022.md index 50e17973d5..aa7912559e 100644 --- a/psa/069/022.md +++ b/psa/069/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer would like for his enemies' food to completely ruin them as if they w # their table This refers to food that was served on the tables, possibly at a feast. Alternate translation: "their own food" or "sacrificial feasts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/023.md b/psa/069/023.md index c5824983cf..ef69070510 100644 --- a/psa/069/023.md +++ b/psa/069/023.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Weak backs are spoken of as if they are shaking in weakness. Alternate translati # their loins "their sides" or "their backs" - diff --git a/psa/069/024.md b/psa/069/024.md index 43ad2b1c1f..edd1155c01 100644 --- a/psa/069/024.md +++ b/psa/069/024.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ anger of a person who has suffered injustice # overtake them God's judgment on his enemies is described as if he ran after them and caught them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/025.md b/psa/069/025.md index 90db398be3..04c57e2732 100644 --- a/psa/069/025.md +++ b/psa/069/025.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # be a desolation This abstract noun can be stated as "abandoned." Alternate translation: "become abandoned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/026.md b/psa/069/026.md index f6ee32a0bc..ece26d4084 100644 --- a/psa/069/026.md +++ b/psa/069/026.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here to be "struck down" refers to punishment. Alternate translation: "you punis # those you have wounded Here to be "wounded" refers to causing them to suffer. Alternate translation: "those you have caused to suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/027.md b/psa/069/027.md index 4d9dbf96f1..b8b44b3265 100644 --- a/psa/069/027.md +++ b/psa/069/027.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # do not let them come into your righteous victory To come into God's victory is an idiom that means to receive a reward from him. Alternate translation: "do not let them receive your righteous reward" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/028.md b/psa/069/028.md index 545b4a9cda..fd67b96c44 100644 --- a/psa/069/028.md +++ b/psa/069/028.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "them" refers to the names of the enemies. This can be stated in active for # not be written down This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "do not write down their names" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/029.md b/psa/069/029.md index 43ee2b6f8b..a4f116650f 100644 --- a/psa/069/029.md +++ b/psa/069/029.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let your salvation, God, set me up on high The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated with the verb "save." Here "on high" refers to a place of safety." Alternate translation: "God, save me and put me in a safe place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/030.md b/psa/069/030.md index b581a0075a..c5e784d011 100644 --- a/psa/069/030.md +++ b/psa/069/030.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" refers to God himself. Alternate translation: "God" (See: [[rc://en/ # with thanksgiving This abstract noun can be stated with the verb "thank." Alternate translation: "by thanking him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/031.md b/psa/069/031.md index 65e2850041..c0b5ff68a8 100644 --- a/psa/069/031.md +++ b/psa/069/031.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is understood that the ox and the bull are to be offered to God as sacrifices # a bull that has horns and hooves This phrase distinguishes the full grown bulls from other younger cows. Alternate translation: "a bull that is full grown with horns and hooves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/032.md b/psa/069/032.md index 3e290fb8e1..726f768f64 100644 --- a/psa/069/032.md +++ b/psa/069/032.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Seeking God represents either 1) asking God for help or 2) thinking about God an # let your hearts live Here "hearts" refer to the people. Here "live" is an idiom that means to be encouraged. Alternate translation: "may you be encouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/033.md b/psa/069/033.md index dec0c22a55..26bcce2aee 100644 --- a/psa/069/033.md +++ b/psa/069/033.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to needy people in general. Alternate translation: "needy people" (S # his prisoners "those who have suffered for him" - diff --git a/psa/069/034.md b/psa/069/034.md index f7594042ee..b77ff1ebde 100644 --- a/psa/069/034.md +++ b/psa/069/034.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here heaven and earth and the seas are spoken of as if they are people who are a # the seas and everything that moves in them It is implied that "Let ... praise him" should be understood here. Alternate translation: "let he seas and everything that moves in them praise him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/035.md b/psa/069/035.md index b5dda576b6..ef0ef6f02d 100644 --- a/psa/069/035.md +++ b/psa/069/035.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Zion" refers to the people in Zion. Alternate translation: "God will save # have it as a possession The word "it" refers to the land of Judah. - diff --git a/psa/069/036.md b/psa/069/036.md index 46ca4afa86..a7c0b5d1ae 100644 --- a/psa/069/036.md +++ b/psa/069/036.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who love his name Here "name" refers to God himself. Alternate translation: "who love God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/069/intro.md b/psa/069/intro.md index ba73d9ab2e..7ce51133e0 100644 --- a/psa/069/intro.md +++ b/psa/069/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 069 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 69 is a psalm of deliverance. The author prays to be saved from his enemies and for them to be punished. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Deliverance -#### Deliverance The author prays for God to rescue him from his enemies. They show him no mercy, and he asks God to show them no mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author prays for God to rescue him from his enemies. They show him no mercy, * __[Psalms 69:1](../../psa/069/001.md)__ __[<<](../068/intro.md) | [>>](../070/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/070/001.md b/psa/070/001.md index f32c845574..dd441068cd 100644 --- a/psa/070/001.md +++ b/psa/070/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # A psalm of David Possible meanings are 1) David wrote the psalm or 2) the psalm is about David or 3) the psalm is in the style of David's psalms. - diff --git a/psa/070/002.md b/psa/070/002.md index 1e3b746154..c3fdbfbaf3 100644 --- a/psa/070/002.md +++ b/psa/070/002.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may God turn them aro # turned back To be stopped or thwarted is spoken of as being turned back from their attack. Alternate translation: "stopped" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/070/003.md b/psa/070/003.md index eb83ff3437..fc852bfa36 100644 --- a/psa/070/003.md +++ b/psa/070/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who say, "Aha, aha." This is an expression of mocking laughter. You may replace "Aha, aha" with whatever laughing sounds like in your language. Alternate translation: "those who mock and laugh at me" - diff --git a/psa/070/004.md b/psa/070/004.md index 7365ea2be5..b853ed2c40 100644 --- a/psa/070/004.md +++ b/psa/070/004.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This exaggeration emphasizes that it is important to praise God often. (See: [[r # May God be praised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Let everyone praise God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/070/005.md b/psa/070/005.md index 336a938e4a..b1caba11cb 100644 --- a/psa/070/005.md +++ b/psa/070/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the phrase "you rescue me" explains how God is his "help." Alternate transl # do not delay This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "please come quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/070/intro.md b/psa/070/intro.md index 1784b53640..3155778965 100644 --- a/psa/070/intro.md +++ b/psa/070/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 070 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 70 is a psalm of deliverance. The psalmist asks God to deliver him from his enemies. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Help -#### Help The author needs help and needs it immediately. -#### Psalm 40 -This psalm is an almost exact duplicate of Psalm 40:13-17. +### Psalm 40 + +This psalm is an almost exact duplicate of Psalm 40:13-17. + ## Links: * __[Psalms 70:1](../../psa/070/001.md)__ __[<<](../069/intro.md) | [>>](../071/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/071/001.md b/psa/071/001.md index 1c513d6842..784963ee0c 100644 --- a/psa/071/001.md +++ b/psa/071/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate t # let me never be put to shame This can be stated in active form. See how "do not let me be humiliated" is translated in [Psalms 25:2](../025/002.md). Alternate translation: "never let my enemies put me to shame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/002.md b/psa/071/002.md index dd88fba5c3..b18ee182b7 100644 --- a/psa/071/002.md +++ b/psa/071/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "your ear" refers to God's willingness to hear someone who prays to him. Se # save me "keep me safe" - diff --git a/psa/071/003.md b/psa/071/003.md index e870c2eece..1f2bda5479 100644 --- a/psa/071/003.md +++ b/psa/071/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are hills or mountains, not rocks one can hold in one's hand. # you are my rock and my fortress The psalmist believes that Yahweh will protect him and make him as safe as if he were hiding on top of a large mountain or inside a man-made fortress. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/004.md b/psa/071/004.md index ed141fd194..6cb3b875a0 100644 --- a/psa/071/004.md +++ b/psa/071/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate trans # wicked ... unrighteous ... ruthless These adjectives can be translated as noun phrases. Alternate translation: "wicked people ... unrighteous people ... ruthless people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/005.md b/psa/071/005.md index f0dcb3a8d5..7c6438602c 100644 --- a/psa/071/005.md +++ b/psa/071/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are my hope Here "hope" is a metonym for the one in whom the psalmist hopes. Alternate translation: "you are the one whom I confidently expect to help me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/006.md b/psa/071/006.md index f446484b7e..8d84629a76 100644 --- a/psa/071/006.md +++ b/psa/071/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You have supported me # you are he "you are the one" - diff --git a/psa/071/007.md b/psa/071/007.md index ff1079521e..8bb46e4081 100644 --- a/psa/071/007.md +++ b/psa/071/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am a marvel to many people "Many people are surprised to see how well I live and want to live as I do" - diff --git a/psa/071/008.md b/psa/071/008.md index 1951668dc1..ac60aa680e 100644 --- a/psa/071/008.md +++ b/psa/071/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "honor" refer to the words that he will use to honor Yahweh. Alternate tran # all the day "all day long" or "at all times" - diff --git a/psa/071/009.md b/psa/071/009.md index 6d7ef4dc99..fda14307a9 100644 --- a/psa/071/009.md +++ b/psa/071/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together for emph # do not abandon me "do not leave me forever" - diff --git a/psa/071/010.md b/psa/071/010.md index 58c55e9143..f54da6c25e 100644 --- a/psa/071/010.md +++ b/psa/071/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # watch for my life It is implied that they are watching for an opportunity to take his life. The euphemism "to take a life" means to kill. Alternate translation: "watch for an opportunity to take my life" or "wait for an opportunity to kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/011.md b/psa/071/011.md index 74df12f3ce..2d1827d4e0 100644 --- a/psa/071/011.md +++ b/psa/071/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated to make explicit that they are talking about him. Alterna # pursue and take him "follow him when he runs away, and kill him" - diff --git a/psa/071/012.md b/psa/071/012.md index 961c6cf216..03ec3a6e49 100644 --- a/psa/071/012.md +++ b/psa/071/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Because Yahweh has not yet answered the writer's request, he speaks of Yahweh as # hurry to help me "help me soon" - diff --git a/psa/071/013.md b/psa/071/013.md index b159050d31..0f60d91b1f 100644 --- a/psa/071/013.md +++ b/psa/071/013.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. The abstract nouns "rebuke" and "dishonor" ca # those who seek my hurt The noun "hurt" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "those who are looking for ways to harm me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/014.md b/psa/071/014.md index 3948bf2b9b..630a5f2827 100644 --- a/psa/071/014.md +++ b/psa/071/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # more and more "more all the time" or "always more than I have before" - diff --git a/psa/071/015.md b/psa/071/015.md index 2ffe9cb726..ae01999544 100644 --- a/psa/071/015.md +++ b/psa/071/015.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "righteousness." Alternate tran # your salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "how you have saved me" or "how you save people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/016.md b/psa/071/016.md index d07f6e8202..0f3da028a0 100644 --- a/psa/071/016.md +++ b/psa/071/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "I will tell them of the mighty deeds the Lord Yahweh h # will make mention of "will talk about" - diff --git a/psa/071/017.md b/psa/071/017.md index b86e50db8a..116096f0aa 100644 --- a/psa/071/017.md +++ b/psa/071/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # taught me The implied information may be stated clearly. "taught me many things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/018.md b/psa/071/018.md index 6584304287..87f15b3000 100644 --- a/psa/071/018.md +++ b/psa/071/018.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The omitted information may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "and as I # everyone who is to come This exaggeration refers to everyone the writer can speak to. Alternate translation: "so as many people as I can tell will know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/019.md b/psa/071/019.md index 6f8ef22e69..07b8254789 100644 --- a/psa/071/019.md +++ b/psa/071/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of the good things God has done as though they were put toge # who is like you? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "there is no one like you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/020.md b/psa/071/020.md index f985a28992..2951a492b4 100644 --- a/psa/071/020.md +++ b/psa/071/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ strengthen or make lively again # from the depths of the earth "The depths of the earth" here is a metaphor for where people go when they die. The psalmist had not already died, but in this exaggeration he speaks as if he had. Alternate translation: "when we are near death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/021.md b/psa/071/021.md index 77da2b38af..e4dae676db 100644 --- a/psa/071/021.md +++ b/psa/071/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # turn again and comfort me This describes one action through two phrases. Alternate translation: "comfort me again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/022.md b/psa/071/022.md index 048b0eff24..e1d87c85a4 100644 --- a/psa/071/022.md +++ b/psa/071/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to you I will sing praises with the harp, Holy One of Israel "to you, who is the Holy One of Israel, I will sing praises while I play the harp" - diff --git a/psa/071/023.md b/psa/071/023.md index 57d84a721c..5d3685377f 100644 --- a/psa/071/023.md +++ b/psa/071/023.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words the psalmist has omitted can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: # my soul Here "soul" refers to the whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/071/024.md b/psa/071/024.md index c5451b281e..654336298b 100644 --- a/psa/071/024.md +++ b/psa/071/024.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for God has put to sh # those who sought my hurt This refers to the enemies of the writer. ([Psalms 71:10](../071/010.md)). See how "those who seek my hurt" is translated in [Psalms 71:13](./013.md). - diff --git a/psa/071/intro.md b/psa/071/intro.md index 7191917617..6321c8a84d 100644 --- a/psa/071/intro.md +++ b/psa/071/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 071 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 71 is a psalm of deliverance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's help -#### Yahweh's help God has helped the psalmist all his life. Now that he is old, his enemy thinks that God has abandoned him; but the psalmist trusts in God and will praise Yahweh with songs of praise. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God has helped the psalmist all his life. Now that he is old, his enemy thinks t * __[Psalms 71:1](../../psa/071/001.md)__ __[<<](../070/intro.md) | [>>](../072/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/072/001.md b/psa/072/001.md index 670526cc97..a7c2e48b97 100644 --- a/psa/072/001.md +++ b/psa/072/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Give me, the king, your righteous decrees, God, your r # your righteousness to the king's son The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Here the word "righteousness" refers to making righteous decisions. Alternate translation: "give your righteousness to the king's son" or "enable the king's son to rule with righteousness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/002.md b/psa/072/002.md index 256d745839..33cfe1a9a0 100644 --- a/psa/072/002.md +++ b/psa/072/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist is speaking to God. # your poor The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. The adjective "poor" refers to poor people. Alternate translation: "may he judge your poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/003.md b/psa/072/003.md index 107a685716..034665f451 100644 --- a/psa/072/003.md +++ b/psa/072/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May the mountains produce peace ... may the hills produce righteousness The psalmist speaks of the people of Israel as if they were the mountains and hills on which they live. He speaks of the mountains and the hills as if they were the entire land of Israel, as if that land were a garden that produces fruit, and of peace and righteousness as if they are that fruit. Alternate translation: "May the people of the land live in peace ... may they do everything in a righteous way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/004.md b/psa/072/004.md index fbfc691f90..bae63ef23b 100644 --- a/psa/072/004.md +++ b/psa/072/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These refer to the one who will "judge" ([Psalms 72:2](../072/002.md)). # break in pieces the oppressor The writer speaks of the king defeating or punishing people who oppress others as if those people were objects that the king would break into pieces. Alternate translation: "punish the person who oppresses others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/005.md b/psa/072/005.md index 6063b0887e..198d5080ca 100644 --- a/psa/072/005.md +++ b/psa/072/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # while the sun endures, and as long as the moon lasts The sun and the moon are metonyms for the day and the night, which together are a merism for all time. Alternate translation: "forever, and without ending" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/006.md b/psa/072/006.md index b840606973..ed102cb0f1 100644 --- a/psa/072/006.md +++ b/psa/072/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The king will be good, and he will do good things for his people as if he were r # like showers that water "May he come down like showers that water." The king will be good, and he will do good things for his people as if he were rain doing good for the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/007.md b/psa/072/007.md index f6d6fe4322..075c8156a4 100644 --- a/psa/072/007.md +++ b/psa/072/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as if peace were a physical object like food. An "abundance" # till the moon is no more "as long as the moon shines" or "forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/008.md b/psa/072/008.md index 3d18bcf4a6..fcd3aebd5e 100644 --- a/psa/072/008.md +++ b/psa/072/008.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ from the Dead Sea and the Sea of Kinnereth in the east to the Mediterranean Sea # the ends of the earth as far as people could travel on land by different routes to the south. The Israelites spoke of the earth as if it were a flat surface with ends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/009.md b/psa/072/009.md index d1729d3a38..25e693a533 100644 --- a/psa/072/009.md +++ b/psa/072/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lick the dust This is a metaphor for extreme humiliation. Alternate translation: "do everything they can so he will allow them to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/010.md b/psa/072/010.md index 7d12e7e346..dff5ddbcea 100644 --- a/psa/072/010.md +++ b/psa/072/010.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ pay # Seba This is the name of a country. It is not the same country as Sheba. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/011.md b/psa/072/011.md index 8f99d4cdaa..be18dae12f 100644 --- a/psa/072/011.md +++ b/psa/072/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all nations Here the word "nations" represents the people who live in the nations. Alternate translation: "the people who live in every nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/012.md b/psa/072/012.md index 6a1040b8e8..0198e57b7a 100644 --- a/psa/072/012.md +++ b/psa/072/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no other helper "no one else to help him" - diff --git a/psa/072/013.md b/psa/072/013.md index a4febe089e..f7a2b43207 100644 --- a/psa/072/013.md +++ b/psa/072/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the poor and needy Here the nominal adjectives "poor" and "needy" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that they are unable to help themselves. Alternate translation: "those who are poor and those who are needy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/014.md b/psa/072/014.md index d4ec581d43..276f9f9049 100644 --- a/psa/072/014.md +++ b/psa/072/014.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "their blood" is a metonym for their well-being. The sight of Yahweh repres # in his sight See how this phrase is translated in [Psalms 19:14](../019/014.md). - diff --git a/psa/072/015.md b/psa/072/015.md index e90dc3ccc5..cfe17d65ce 100644 --- a/psa/072/015.md +++ b/psa/072/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May they give him the # all day long This idiom means "continually" and does not refer only to one day. Alternate translation: "continually" or "all the time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/016.md b/psa/072/016.md index 001e791d54..bfa89b659b 100644 --- a/psa/072/016.md +++ b/psa/072/016.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Use the word for what long grass does when a gentle wind blows on it and it move # the people flourish in the cities like the grass of the field The prosperity of the people in the cities is spoken of as if they were grass that grows abundantly in the fields. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/017.md b/psa/072/017.md index 7e194f9a06..81fb74125f 100644 --- a/psa/072/017.md +++ b/psa/072/017.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may God cause him to # call him blessed "recognize that God has blessed them" - diff --git a/psa/072/018.md b/psa/072/018.md index f52820db25..6213301ac9 100644 --- a/psa/072/018.md +++ b/psa/072/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses are more than the end of this psalm. It is the closing statement fo # May Yahweh God, the God of Israel, be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May people bless Yahweh God, the God of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/019.md b/psa/072/019.md index 857901d8df..5a2176ad4a 100644 --- a/psa/072/019.md +++ b/psa/072/019.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may his glory fill th # Amen and Amen The word "Amen" is repeated to emphasize approval of what has been said. See how you translated this in [Psalms 41:13](../041/013.md). Alternate translation: "May it certainly be so" - diff --git a/psa/072/020.md b/psa/072/020.md index 08f3cfe648..6e0afb0015 100644 --- a/psa/072/020.md +++ b/psa/072/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The prayers of David son of Jesse are finished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "David, the son of Jesse has finished his prayers" or "This is the last prayer of the David the son of Jesse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/072/intro.md b/psa/072/intro.md index c577da67b5..1f74a6a7ff 100644 --- a/psa/072/intro.md +++ b/psa/072/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 072 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 72 is a psalm for the king when he begins to be the king. David wrote it as a blessing on his son, Solomon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Blessings for the king -#### Blessings for the king May the king be honored throughout the world. May he help the poor. May there be prosperity while he is king. -#### Close of Book Two -The whole collection of Psalms has been divided into several "books." This is the last psalm of the second book. It is attributed to Solomon, the son of David. +### Close of Book Two + +The whole collection of Psalms has been divided into several "books." This is the last psalm of the second book. It is attributed to Solomon, the son of David. ## Links: * __[Psalms 72:1](../../psa/072/001.md)__ __[<<](../071/intro.md) | [>>](../073/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/073/001.md b/psa/073/001.md index f6c7b7c95c..3f9c819b60 100644 --- a/psa/073/001.md +++ b/psa/073/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of Asaph This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) - diff --git a/psa/073/002.md b/psa/073/002.md index 4542ce9fa7..27e92d5245 100644 --- a/psa/073/002.md +++ b/psa/073/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my feet almost slipped; my feet almost slipped out from under me The psalmist speaks of being unable to trust God and wanting to sin as if he had almost fallen while walking on a slippery path. Alternate translation: "I almost stopped trusting in God; I was almost guilty of committing a great sin against him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/003.md b/psa/073/003.md index 272f0fb8ce..abe4b1249e 100644 --- a/psa/073/003.md +++ b/psa/073/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "prosperity" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "how t # the wicked The adjective "wicked" can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "wicked people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/004.md b/psa/073/004.md index 09211fcdcb..dd2d350d57 100644 --- a/psa/073/004.md +++ b/psa/073/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Asaph begins to describe how he sometimes wants to complain to God about those who are "arrogant" and "wicked" ([Psalms 73:3](../073/003.md)). - diff --git a/psa/073/005.md b/psa/073/005.md index 2c260040e8..393c291203 100644 --- a/psa/073/005.md +++ b/psa/073/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They do not have to work hard to meet their needs for food, shelter, and clothin # they are not afflicted like other men "they do not suffer the way other people do" - diff --git a/psa/073/006.md b/psa/073/006.md index 15a08659db..e723913bd0 100644 --- a/psa/073/006.md +++ b/psa/073/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to things that rich and important people wear. # necklace a chain usually made of gold or jewels that goes around the neck - diff --git a/psa/073/007.md b/psa/073/007.md index ce57c78495..2b6524dc00 100644 --- a/psa/073/007.md +++ b/psa/073/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Because they are like blind people who cannot see where they are going, they sin # evil thoughts pass through their hearts Here the psalmist describes people's thoughts as if they were people. He also describes the inner beings of wicked people as if they were a building in which those people could walk. Alternate translation: "in their inner beings they are always thinking about more evil things to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/008.md b/psa/073/008.md index 72ff83bbd9..b68f267fcd 100644 --- a/psa/073/008.md +++ b/psa/073/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Asaph continues to describe how he sometimes wants to complain to God about thos # They mock Whom they mock can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "They mock God and his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/009.md b/psa/073/009.md index 8ed7d5568d..ec68445f0d 100644 --- a/psa/073/009.md +++ b/psa/073/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "their mouth" is a metonym for their speech, and "heavens" is a metonym for # their tongues march through the earth The word "tongues" represents the people themselves. Possible meanings are 1) "they go through the earth saying bad things about God" or "they go everywhere and boast about themselves." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/010.md b/psa/073/010.md index a17a6eb06d..2eda9f4c3a 100644 --- a/psa/073/010.md +++ b/psa/073/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "God's people love the wicked people" or "the wicked pe # abundant waters are drained out Possible meanings are 1) "God's people listen gladly to the words of the wicked people" or 2) "the wicked people have plenty of food to eat and wine to drink" - diff --git a/psa/073/011.md b/psa/073/011.md index 7a96aa6737..c253eeb75c 100644 --- a/psa/073/011.md +++ b/psa/073/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the wicked people say # How does God know? Is there knowledge with the Most High? These rhetorical questions are to show contempt for God. These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "Surely God does not know what we are doing. The Most High has no knowledge of it." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/012.md b/psa/073/012.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/073/012.md +++ b/psa/073/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/073/013.md b/psa/073/013.md index 58ce0e3f03..71b0fae8e2 100644 --- a/psa/073/013.md +++ b/psa/073/013.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Asaph speaks of guarding his heart as if he were guarding a city or building aga # washed my hands in innocence The writer speaks of his purity as if he had washed his hands with innocence instead of with water. See how you translated this in [Psalms 26:6](../026/006.md). Alternate translation: "my actions have remained pure" or "I have washed my hands to show that I am innocent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/014.md b/psa/073/014.md index d527a79dbe..50d890a4f1 100644 --- a/psa/073/014.md +++ b/psa/073/014.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # I have been ... disciplined "I have been ... punished" - diff --git a/psa/073/015.md b/psa/073/015.md index 6b0012cb57..3e194d7675 100644 --- a/psa/073/015.md +++ b/psa/073/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If I had said, "I will say these things," then I would have betrayed this generation of your children This statement describes something that could have happened in the past but did not. Alternate translation: "I never said, 'I will say these things,' so I did not betray this generation of your children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/016.md b/psa/073/016.md index f983a69414..623c2ca59a 100644 --- a/psa/073/016.md +++ b/psa/073/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these things The good things that happen to "the wicked" ([Psalms 73:4](../073/004.md)-[Psalms 12](./010.md)). - diff --git a/psa/073/017.md b/psa/073/017.md index 6b27f35ba8..2a6a071d2d 100644 --- a/psa/073/017.md +++ b/psa/073/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their fate "what happens to wicked people when they die" or "how wicked people die" - diff --git a/psa/073/018.md b/psa/073/018.md index 78d4d528e4..e7e523e5c7 100644 --- a/psa/073/018.md +++ b/psa/073/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the wicked. # slippery places "unsafe or unstable ground." See how "slipped" is translated in [Psalms 73:2](../073/002.md). - diff --git a/psa/073/019.md b/psa/073/019.md index fcaed0bc3a..73f752e7bc 100644 --- a/psa/073/019.md +++ b/psa/073/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How they become a wilderness in a moment The word "wilderness" is a metaphor for a person who has lost everything good. Alternate translation: "How quickly they are destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/020.md b/psa/073/020.md index a0dd98abba..d93b2a2e10 100644 --- a/psa/073/020.md +++ b/psa/073/020.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ The wicked will last no longer than what a person sees in a dream. It disappears # their image -This phrase refers to the "dream" about the people who are "wicked" and "at ease" ([Psalm 73:12](../073/012.md)). \ No newline at end of file +This phrase refers to the "dream" about the people who are "wicked" and "at ease" ([Psalm 73:12](../073/012.md)). diff --git a/psa/073/021.md b/psa/073/021.md index a1c9797158..6784a87ff1 100644 --- a/psa/073/021.md +++ b/psa/073/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "heart" represents the person emphasizing their thoughts and feelings. # I was deeply wounded The psalmist speaks of emotional pain as if it were physical pain by being pierced with a knife or arrow. Alternate translation: "I felt like someone had wounded me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/022.md b/psa/073/022.md index 5a47b2ac0d..556099e459 100644 --- a/psa/073/022.md +++ b/psa/073/022.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize how little he knew # you This "you" refers to God. - diff --git a/psa/073/023.md b/psa/073/023.md index 7f41a0f0ab..762f63d09f 100644 --- a/psa/073/023.md +++ b/psa/073/023.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "I" here represents Asaph. The word "you" here represents God. # you hold my right hand The person's "right hand" refers to the whole person. This shows an intimate relationship with God that offers stability and security. Alternate translation: "You hold me close" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/024.md b/psa/073/024.md index f9a7f0294e..5cf8ebfebf 100644 --- a/psa/073/024.md +++ b/psa/073/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # receive me to glory Possible meanings are 1) "put me where people will honor me" or 2) "honor me by taking me to where you are." See how "receive me" is translated in [Psalms 49:15](../049/015.md). - diff --git a/psa/073/025.md b/psa/073/025.md index 5d53e644dd..faa17ad752 100644 --- a/psa/073/025.md +++ b/psa/073/025.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this as a statement. Alternate translation: "There is no one f # in heaven "among the gods" or "among the supernatural beings" - diff --git a/psa/073/026.md b/psa/073/026.md index 4b345a02e1..a73825031a 100644 --- a/psa/073/026.md +++ b/psa/073/026.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My flesh and my heart These two phrases share similar meanings. Together they represent the whole person. Alternate translation: "My body and my mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/028.md b/psa/073/028.md index f2dba13f5b..a59b9cb12a 100644 --- a/psa/073/028.md +++ b/psa/073/028.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my refuge The writer speaks of Yahweh as if he were a place to which a person could flee for safety. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/073/intro.md b/psa/073/intro.md index 97a2149365..cc3740fe26 100644 --- a/psa/073/intro.md +++ b/psa/073/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 073 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 73 is a wisdom psalm. It explains the problem of wicked people who seem to prosper. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Evil people +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Evil people + Sometimes it seems that wicked people have no problems and everything works for them. Despite this, they will be destroyed. In contrast, the righteous always have God to help them through problems. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### Psalms by Asaph +### Psalms by Asaph + There are twelve psalms attributed to Asaph; the first one is Psalm 50, which is in Book Two, and the other eleven (Psalm 73–83) are at the beginning of Book Three. ## Links: @@ -16,4 +19,3 @@ There are twelve psalms attributed to Asaph; the first one is Psalm 50, which is * __[Psalms 73:1](../../psa/073/001.md)__ __[<<](../072/intro.md) | [>>](../074/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/074/001.md b/psa/074/001.md index 3da22970ba..4148c93069 100644 --- a/psa/074/001.md +++ b/psa/074/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "We are the ones y # the sheep of your pasture Asaph speaks of the people of Israel as if they were sheep. Alternate translation: "against Israel, who are like the sheep whom you feed in your pasture" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/002.md b/psa/074/002.md index f443ff9774..28cb2db247 100644 --- a/psa/074/002.md +++ b/psa/074/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your own heritage "yours forever" - diff --git a/psa/074/003.md b/psa/074/003.md index 568ad86eeb..abfd6d49b8 100644 --- a/psa/074/003.md +++ b/psa/074/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph is addressing God, asking him to come look at the destruction. # the everlasting ruins the ruins of a building that no one will ever rebuild - diff --git a/psa/074/004.md b/psa/074/004.md index 7260b06bc0..3fa611303c 100644 --- a/psa/074/004.md +++ b/psa/074/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # roared The adversaries were shouting loudly with a great cry of victory. - diff --git a/psa/074/005.md b/psa/074/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/074/005.md +++ b/psa/074/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/074/006.md b/psa/074/006.md index da15a3c07f..4807ba7fc3 100644 --- a/psa/074/006.md +++ b/psa/074/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # engravings This refers to carvings on wood, metal, or stone in the temple. - diff --git a/psa/074/007.md b/psa/074/007.md index 1aa38d3fe2..fa3b02d53f 100644 --- a/psa/074/007.md +++ b/psa/074/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Asaph continues to describe the destruction of the temple. # They ... they Here "they" refers to the adversaries mentioned in [Psalms 74:4](../074/004.md). - diff --git a/psa/074/008.md b/psa/074/008.md index 9a4d23f0cf..5788a3790e 100644 --- a/psa/074/008.md +++ b/psa/074/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "they" refers to the adversaries mentioned in [Psalms 74:4](../074/004.md). # They said in their hearts This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "They said to themselves" or "They thought to themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/009.md b/psa/074/009.md index 99102d8dcf..2c34a2e756 100644 --- a/psa/074/009.md +++ b/psa/074/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Asaph is addressing God about the destruction he sees. # We do not see any more signs Possible meanings are 1) "We do not see any more miraculous signs from God" or 2) "All our sacred symbols are gone" or 3) the "signs" are the flags and symbols of an army representing the army itself. Alternate translation: "They have completely destroyed our army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/010.md b/psa/074/010.md index 8e102d70e1..65299a45e8 100644 --- a/psa/074/010.md +++ b/psa/074/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "It seems as if yo # blaspheme your name The word "name" is a metonym for God himself. Alternate translation: "say that you are bad" or "insult you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/011.md b/psa/074/011.md index 219f9eb4a4..2b77ebd49d 100644 --- a/psa/074/011.md +++ b/psa/074/011.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate translation: "not show yo # Take your right hand from your garment The psalmist speaks of God as if he had a physical body. "Stop hiding your power and take action" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/012.md b/psa/074/012.md index b51366898b..7b4f3072f9 100644 --- a/psa/074/012.md +++ b/psa/074/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Asaph is speaking as Israel's representative, "God has # bringing salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated with the verb "to save." Here Yahweh saving people is spoken of as if salvation were an object that he brings with him. Alternate translation: "saving people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/013.md b/psa/074/013.md index b07ef0e560..563576d664 100644 --- a/psa/074/013.md +++ b/psa/074/013.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Asaph is speaking of God as if God had a physical body. "You are so strong you w # you smashed the heads of the sea monsters in the waters Asaph is probably speaking of Pharaoh and his army as if they were sea monsters. If possible, translate these words literally. Alternate translation: "when you killed Pharaoh's army, it was as if you smashed the heads of sea monsters in the waters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/014.md b/psa/074/014.md index aebe44d130..083f9c2750 100644 --- a/psa/074/014.md +++ b/psa/074/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Asaph continues to speak of what God did long ago. He is probably speaking of wh # leviathan Leviathan is a sea monster. It represents a cruel enemy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/015.md b/psa/074/015.md index 56a9131a44..55cf57b39a 100644 --- a/psa/074/015.md +++ b/psa/074/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You broke open springs and streams Yahweh causing springs and streams to flow out of the ground as if he broke open the ground so that they could flow. Alternate translation: "You caused springs and streams to flow out of the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/016.md b/psa/074/016.md index 6c9584c2a8..0308744fb0 100644 --- a/psa/074/016.md +++ b/psa/074/016.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ Asaph continues to recount God's creative power. # the light -This probably refers to the moon. \ No newline at end of file +This probably refers to the moon. diff --git a/psa/074/017.md b/psa/074/017.md index 8fe387470e..483d2a53fe 100644 --- a/psa/074/017.md +++ b/psa/074/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the borders of the earth "the boundaries of the land and the sea" - diff --git a/psa/074/018.md b/psa/074/018.md index 86fdd1033b..552ef9d746 100644 --- a/psa/074/018.md +++ b/psa/074/018.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph is pleading for God's help. # the enemy hurled insults at you Asaph speaks of insulting words as if they were physical objects, like stones, which the enemy was throwing at Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the enemy insulted you many times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/019.md b/psa/074/019.md index 23e300daa9..59d7f3851b 100644 --- a/psa/074/019.md +++ b/psa/074/019.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase may be a metaphor for the enemies of Israel. Alternate translation: # Do not forget forever the life of your oppressed people "Do not continue forever to do nothing to help your oppressed people." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Come soon to help your oppressed people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/020.md b/psa/074/020.md index 5d683223e2..a91ab496db 100644 --- a/psa/074/020.md +++ b/psa/074/020.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph speaks of "regions" as if they were containers in which one could put "pla # the dark regions of the land The word "dark" is probably a metaphor for a place where bad things happen or for the lands to which the Israelites had been sent in exile, but these words should be translated literally if possible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/021.md b/psa/074/021.md index 41e3c04a56..69499d9638 100644 --- a/psa/074/021.md +++ b/psa/074/021.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are people who are treated cruelly by powerful people. # the poor and oppressed The words "poor" and "oppressed" mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh saves many who need his help. See how these words are translated in [Psalms 35:10](../035/010.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/074/022.md b/psa/074/022.md index 19f3c05efd..1c9fcd4795 100644 --- a/psa/074/022.md +++ b/psa/074/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is a metaphor that speaks as if God were testifying in court. Altern # call to mind "Pay attention to." God has not forgotten how fools mocked him, but he does not seem to be thinking about it. See how this is translated in verse [Psalms 2](./001.md). - diff --git a/psa/074/023.md b/psa/074/023.md index c045da4776..6d44d48f15 100644 --- a/psa/074/023.md +++ b/psa/074/023.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of the words of those who defy God as if they were the loud # defy boldly oppose - diff --git a/psa/074/intro.md b/psa/074/intro.md index a29bdee67d..72a3e743a3 100644 --- a/psa/074/intro.md +++ b/psa/074/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 074 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 74 is a psalm of deliverance. The people have been completely conquered and they pray for God to deliver them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### God's power +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's power + The enemies have destroyed God's temple and are insulting the people. God is powerful. He made everything and he chose Israel for his people. He should avenge himself on these enemies that have burnt his temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]]) -#### Superscription -This is called a "Maschil." The word in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. +### Superscription + +This is called a "Maschil." The word in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 74:1](../../psa/074/001.md)__ __[<<](../073/intro.md) | [>>](../075/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/075/001.md b/psa/075/001.md index 393dceb341..61c02b7587 100644 --- a/psa/075/001.md +++ b/psa/075/001.md @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ The people of God are speaking in 75:1, and God speaks in 75:2-3. Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - # For the chief musician; set to Al Tashheth. A psalm of Asaph, a song This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) diff --git a/psa/075/002.md b/psa/075/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/075/002.md +++ b/psa/075/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/075/003.md b/psa/075/003.md index 896dffaa0c..324b738457 100644 --- a/psa/075/003.md +++ b/psa/075/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # make steady the earth's pillars "keep the earth from being destroyed" or Alternate translation: "keep my people safe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/075/004.md b/psa/075/004.md index 662db9ae31..0ec5621e13 100644 --- a/psa/075/004.md +++ b/psa/075/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The speaker is speaking to many wicked people, so these forms are plural. (See: # Do not lift up the horn Asaph speaks of wicked people as if they were animals with horns on their heads, stretching their necks and holding their heads high to frighten other animals. Alternate translation: "Do not be confident" or "Do not boast about how strong you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/075/005.md b/psa/075/005.md index 6e7bd4eca6..b78c9f2b39 100644 --- a/psa/075/005.md +++ b/psa/075/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph speaks of wicked people as if they were animals with horns on their heads, # with an arrogant neck Asaph speaks of wicked people who defy or challenge God as if they were animals with horns on their heads, stretching their necks and holding their heads high to frighten other animals. Alternate translation: "arrogantly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/075/006.md b/psa/075/006.md index cd982b19d5..a20fee386c 100644 --- a/psa/075/006.md +++ b/psa/075/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is not from the east ... that lifting up comes Asaph speaks of the one who lifts up as if he were the action of lifting up. He also speaks of God giving strength and honor to a person as if God were physically lifting that person up. Alternate translation: "The one who will lift you up will not be someone who comes from the east" or "The one who will make you strong and have people honor you will not be someone who comes from the east" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/075/007.md b/psa/075/007.md index 7201057731..36814dff6f 100644 --- a/psa/075/007.md +++ b/psa/075/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Asaph speaks about God. # he brings down and he lifts up The objects of the verbs can be stated clearly: "he brings some people down and he lifts other people up." The words "brings down" and "raises up" are metaphors for God making people powerful and taking away their power. Alternate translation: "he makes one man king in place of another man" or "he takes away one man's power and gives power to another man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/075/008.md b/psa/075/008.md index 000b32dca7..bbd34f6acc 100644 --- a/psa/075/008.md +++ b/psa/075/008.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ pours it from a large container into the cups that the people will drink from # drink it to the last drop "drink every drop of it" - diff --git a/psa/075/009.md b/psa/075/009.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/075/009.md +++ b/psa/075/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/075/010.md b/psa/075/010.md index ddccd95c44..01dc40c7dc 100644 --- a/psa/075/010.md +++ b/psa/075/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The horns of an animal are a metaphor for the power of a person. Alternate trans # the horns of the righteous will be raised up The horns of an animal are a metaphor for the power of a person. This can be translated as a statement in active form. Alternate translation: "I will raise up the horns of the righteous" or "I will make the righteous powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/075/intro.md b/psa/075/intro.md index a435bbd39c..2a258e026e 100644 --- a/psa/075/intro.md +++ b/psa/075/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 075 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 75 is a wisdom psalm; teaching what will happen to evil people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Punishment +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Punishment + God has warned the evil people that they will be punished. He will strengthen the good people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ God has warned the evil people that they will be punished. He will strengthen th * __[Psalms 75:1](../../psa/075/001.md)__ __[<<](../074/intro.md) | [>>](../076/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/076/001.md b/psa/076/001.md index b136f281f8..b7d69a5428 100644 --- a/psa/076/001.md +++ b/psa/076/001.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # his name is great in Israel The words "his name" are a metonym for his reputation. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel consider him good and powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/076/002.md b/psa/076/002.md index e3161ab4d1..393451b45e 100644 --- a/psa/076/002.md +++ b/psa/076/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his dwelling place "the place where he has chosen to live" - diff --git a/psa/076/003.md b/psa/076/003.md index 501b281636..5387417aa8 100644 --- a/psa/076/003.md +++ b/psa/076/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # There he broke the arrows of the bow, the shield, the sword, and the other weapons of war These words are probably a metaphor for God causing the people of Judah to live in peace without being afraid of enemies making war on them, but the words should be translated literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/076/004.md b/psa/076/004.md index 3063246a3d..913c83655d 100644 --- a/psa/076/004.md +++ b/psa/076/004.md @@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ Asaph speaks of God as if God was a soldier returning from a mountain after winning a great battle. -# You shine brightly and are majestic +# You shine brightly and are majestic The second phrase strengthens the first phrase in that Yahweh's glory relates to Yahweh shining brightly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) # You shine brightly The words "shine brightly" are a metaphor for being great. Alternate translation: "You show how extremely great you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/076/005.md b/psa/076/005.md index 7515854214..acd8d00fed 100644 --- a/psa/076/005.md +++ b/psa/076/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "heart" here is a metonym for the person. This can be stated in active # fell asleep Here "fell asleep" is a euphemism for died. Alternate translation: "died" or "fell down dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/076/006.md b/psa/076/006.md index 71cd8c7d08..d092591ee8 100644 --- a/psa/076/006.md +++ b/psa/076/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "rebuke" refers to saying something in an angry or critical wa # fell asleep This phrase is a polite way to say that they died. Alternate translation: "died" or "fell down dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/076/007.md b/psa/076/007.md index a01aa15c9e..50ed11a192 100644 --- a/psa/076/007.md +++ b/psa/076/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who can stand in your sight when you are angry? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one can stand in your sight when you are angry." or "You can destroy anyone at whom you are angry." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/076/008.md b/psa/076/008.md index 009499e9cd..c1f84ba59f 100644 --- a/psa/076/008.md +++ b/psa/076/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the earth was Here "the earth" is a metonym for the people living on the earth. Alternate translation: "the people of the earth were" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/076/009.md b/psa/076/009.md index b11c93798d..ddd8f63986 100644 --- a/psa/076/009.md +++ b/psa/076/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # execute judgment "carry out judgment" or "punish wicked people" - diff --git a/psa/076/010.md b/psa/076/010.md index d8c07334b6..acdf89fc55 100644 --- a/psa/076/010.md +++ b/psa/076/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "people will praise you because you are angry at the wi # you gird yourself with the remnant of your anger Yahweh's anger is spoken of as something that he can tie around himself like a belt. Alternate translation: "you tie your remaining anger around you like a belt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/076/011.md b/psa/076/011.md index 8ef2bed77c..6da25db012 100644 --- a/psa/076/011.md +++ b/psa/076/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # him who is to be feared "Yahweh, whom they should fear" - diff --git a/psa/076/012.md b/psa/076/012.md index 2d480e2dc3..cb0245bcf2 100644 --- a/psa/076/012.md +++ b/psa/076/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "He cuts off the spirit" is an idiom that means He breaks the spirit # he is feared by the kings of the earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the kings of the earth fear him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/076/intro.md b/psa/076/intro.md index f482e63b90..d537a6c020 100644 --- a/psa/076/intro.md +++ b/psa/076/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 076 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 76 is a worship psalm. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's greatness -God is great. He has conquered all the nations surrounding Israel. Everyone should bring him gifts. +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's greatness + +God is great. He has conquered all the nations surrounding Israel. Everyone should bring him gifts. ## Links: * __[Psalms 76:1](../../psa/076/001.md)__ __[<<](../075/intro.md) | [>>](../077/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/077/001.md b/psa/077/001.md index b5a7fb87bd..d4d1aba046 100644 --- a/psa/077/001.md +++ b/psa/077/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # For the chief musician; after the manner of Jeduthun. A psalm of Asaph -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # For the chief musician @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # Jeduthun One of David's chief musicians had this same name. This may refer to him. See how you translated this in [Psalms 39:1](../039/001.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/002.md b/psa/077/002.md index 5a2aac4c53..8faaf56be3 100644 --- a/psa/077/002.md +++ b/psa/077/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # My soul refused to be comforted The "soul" represents the person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I would not allow anyone to try to comfort me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/003.md b/psa/077/003.md index 70cbc92aaa..38e348927f 100644 --- a/psa/077/003.md +++ b/psa/077/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[ # as I grew faint "as my spirit grew faint" or "as my spirit was overwhelmed" - diff --git a/psa/077/004.md b/psa/077/004.md index 6e5cfad6e4..ec8dfd192f 100644 --- a/psa/077/004.md +++ b/psa/077/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ After speaking about God, Asaph speaks to God in verse 4 and then returns to spe # held my eyes open Open eyes is a metonym for being unable to sleep. Alternate translation: "kept me from sleeping" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/005.md b/psa/077/005.md index 5d02efc7a3..cb2cd9bd42 100644 --- a/psa/077/005.md +++ b/psa/077/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the days of old, about years long past If necessary, "days of old" and "years long past" can be combined. Alternate translation: "about things that happened a very long time ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/006.md b/psa/077/006.md index ea2e0e8a3a..0c4b91ed97 100644 --- a/psa/077/006.md +++ b/psa/077/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom for remembering. Alternate translation: "I remembered" (See: [[ # what had happened Another possible meaning is "what was happening." - diff --git a/psa/077/007.md b/psa/077/007.md index 25e41d805f..aa9df0cda3 100644 --- a/psa/077/007.md +++ b/psa/077/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases express feeling rejection from the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # show me favor "do things that show that he is pleased with me" - diff --git a/psa/077/008.md b/psa/077/008.md index ca11b48bc8..d20e36e58f 100644 --- a/psa/077/008.md +++ b/psa/077/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Because Asaph was not sure of the answer to these questions, they are probably l # Was his covenant faithfulness gone forever? Asaph speaks of Yahweh no longer acting faithfully to his covenant as if Yahweh's covenant faithfulness had gone away. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "Has he stopped being faithful to his covenant forever?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/009.md b/psa/077/009.md index 1a5e38cb7f..b46b90b9c1 100644 --- a/psa/077/009.md +++ b/psa/077/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are two expressions stating similar concept of God not showing compassion. # Had his anger shut off his compassion Asaph speaks of anger as if it were a person shutting a door to keep another person, compassion, from coming out, Alternate translation: "Had God stopped showing us compassion because he was angry with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/010.md b/psa/077/010.md index 8586d1c835..7a48c50846 100644 --- a/psa/077/010.md +++ b/psa/077/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the psalmist was speaking to himself or 2) the psalmist # the changing of the right hand of the Most High toward us The "right hand" is a metonym for power, authority or strength. Alternate translation: "the Most High no longer uses his power to help us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/011.md b/psa/077/011.md index cb2c9caa05..a4483c2e9b 100644 --- a/psa/077/011.md +++ b/psa/077/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer begins to speak to Yahweh. # your miracles of long ago "the wonderful things you did long ago" - diff --git a/psa/077/012.md b/psa/077/012.md index df322ad690..7ff2166f03 100644 --- a/psa/077/012.md +++ b/psa/077/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ think deeply about # reflect on them "think of what they mean" - diff --git a/psa/077/013.md b/psa/077/013.md index fb0c1aa9cc..c167237740 100644 --- a/psa/077/013.md +++ b/psa/077/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues to speak to Yahweh. # what god compares to our great God? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "no god compares to our great God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/014.md b/psa/077/014.md index 28d34f9c22..acdd573bbf 100644 --- a/psa/077/014.md +++ b/psa/077/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # revealed your strength among the peoples The abstract noun "strength" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "shown people from many people groups how strong you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/015.md b/psa/077/015.md index 6beb64628c..94e3109646 100644 --- a/psa/077/015.md +++ b/psa/077/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "victory" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate trans # the descendants of Jacob and Joseph This refers to the entire nation of Israel. - diff --git a/psa/077/016.md b/psa/077/016.md index b1aac2556a..afc8ba4eba 100644 --- a/psa/077/016.md +++ b/psa/077/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph speaks of the water as if it were a person who saw something that terrifie # depths deepest waters - diff --git a/psa/077/017.md b/psa/077/017.md index a0784efe26..2be7c6ffb1 100644 --- a/psa/077/017.md +++ b/psa/077/017.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor that describes lightning as God's arrows. Alternate translati # flew Use your language's word for what an arrow does after someone shoots it. - diff --git a/psa/077/018.md b/psa/077/018.md index ea71f0b4eb..5f5ffd4044 100644 --- a/psa/077/018.md +++ b/psa/077/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is personification, referring to the thunder as the voice of God. Alternate # lightning lit up the world This is an exaggeration to emphasize that the lightning lit up everything the writer could see. Alternate translation: "lightning lit up everything as far as you could see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/019.md b/psa/077/019.md index 07c6f33f12..6251ebea7e 100644 --- a/psa/077/019.md +++ b/psa/077/019.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph is speaking of Yahweh as if Yahweh was a person with feet. While this is p # your footprints were not seen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one saw your footprints" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/020.md b/psa/077/020.md index c9de1c0888..b7e6377993 100644 --- a/psa/077/020.md +++ b/psa/077/020.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "by the hand of" here means "by the action of" or "through the action # hand Here "hand" is synechdoche for the whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/077/intro.md b/psa/077/intro.md index a89ca14ef0..5f4ceec713 100644 --- a/psa/077/intro.md +++ b/psa/077/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 077 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm The author felt abandoned by God. This is a psalm of lament. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Lament -#### Lament God used to be close to the psalmist, but now it seems that God has completely abandoned him. Long ago, God took care of Israel and brought the people safely through the sea. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God used to be close to the psalmist, but now it seems that God has completely a * __[Psalms 77:1](../../psa/077/001.md)__ __[<<](../076/intro.md) | [>>](../078/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/078/001.md b/psa/078/001.md index 510be245e6..08264e2ba9 100644 --- a/psa/078/001.md +++ b/psa/078/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A maschil of Asaph -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # A maschil @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The noun "teaching" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "Hear # the words of my mouth The word "mouth" represents the person. Alternate translation: "my words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/002.md b/psa/078/002.md index f0f9bb1741..8b0615de13 100644 --- a/psa/078/002.md +++ b/psa/078/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The idiom "open my mouth" means to speak. Alternate translation: "speak in parab # hidden things If your language has a word for sayings that are purposely difficult to understand, you might use it here. - diff --git a/psa/078/003.md b/psa/078/003.md index 7e1925e03b..2a0be5664c 100644 --- a/psa/078/003.md +++ b/psa/078/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verse 3 continues the sentence begun in verse 2. - diff --git a/psa/078/004.md b/psa/078/004.md index c7402946c3..83b77cbd46 100644 --- a/psa/078/004.md +++ b/psa/078/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: "We will certainly # the praiseworthy deeds of Yahweh "the things we praise Yahweh for" - diff --git a/psa/078/005.md b/psa/078/005.md index 709a927b09..26d4f83fab 100644 --- a/psa/078/005.md +++ b/psa/078/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # covenant decrees Other possible meanings are "testimonies" or "laws." - diff --git a/psa/078/006.md b/psa/078/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/006.md +++ b/psa/078/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/007.md b/psa/078/007.md index 7c4584b6d8..3dac2e59f3 100644 --- a/psa/078/007.md +++ b/psa/078/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer speaks of the "children" of [Psalms 78:5-6](./005.md). - diff --git a/psa/078/008.md b/psa/078/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/008.md +++ b/psa/078/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/009.md b/psa/078/009.md index c649feb466..36aadcbb71 100644 --- a/psa/078/009.md +++ b/psa/078/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is possibly a metaphor for not keeping the covenant (verse 10), but it is b # were armed with bows The soldiers probably also had arrows. Alternate translation: "had bows and arrows for weapons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/010.md b/psa/078/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/010.md +++ b/psa/078/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/011.md b/psa/078/011.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/011.md +++ b/psa/078/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/012.md b/psa/078/012.md index 9f375ab454..5090eaa2d0 100644 --- a/psa/078/012.md +++ b/psa/078/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # land of Zoan This refers to the area around the city of Zoan, which was in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/013.md b/psa/078/013.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/013.md +++ b/psa/078/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/014.md b/psa/078/014.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/014.md +++ b/psa/078/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/015.md b/psa/078/015.md index 433339cdd0..a01918d183 100644 --- a/psa/078/015.md +++ b/psa/078/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # enough to fill the depths of the sea This is probably hyperbole. Alternate translation: "more water than they could possibly drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/016.md b/psa/078/016.md index 27e3d6dcf9..fcde3a6dbb 100644 --- a/psa/078/016.md +++ b/psa/078/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # streams small rivers - diff --git a/psa/078/017.md b/psa/078/017.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/017.md +++ b/psa/078/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/018.md b/psa/078/018.md index 56137c3fd1..f5d6c8b4a1 100644 --- a/psa/078/018.md +++ b/psa/078/018.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They wanted God to prove that he could do what he said he would do before they w # to satisfy their appetites "so they could eat as much as they desired" - diff --git a/psa/078/019.md b/psa/078/019.md index 3e3957f3dd..5324a148e1 100644 --- a/psa/078/019.md +++ b/psa/078/019.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "We do not believe # lay out a table The idiom "lay out a table" means to prepare a table for a meal. Here the word "table" is a metonym for the food on the table. Alternate translation: "provide us with food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/020.md b/psa/078/020.md index 2b9ce95830..63170a5bae 100644 --- a/psa/078/020.md +++ b/psa/078/020.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people are laughing at God to insult him with these questions. Alternate tra # bread ... meat food from plants or food from animals. Though this is a merism for all kinds of food, it is best to translate it literally if possible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/021.md b/psa/078/021.md index 5ba84e0ff7..38f214a8d0 100644 --- a/psa/078/021.md +++ b/psa/078/021.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the nation of Israel # his anger attacked Israel The writer speaks of Yahweh punishing Israel when he was angry as if his anger were a person who attacked Israel. Alternate translation: "because he was angry, he attacked Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/022.md b/psa/078/022.md index 35a1746a66..5c718cd198 100644 --- a/psa/078/022.md +++ b/psa/078/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # did not trust in his salvation "did not trust him to save them" - diff --git a/psa/078/023.md b/psa/078/023.md index c796cdceaf..c777d443e5 100644 --- a/psa/078/023.md +++ b/psa/078/023.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "sky" or 2) "clouds." # opened the doors of the sky Asaph speaks of the sky as if it were a storeroom with doors. Alternate translation: "opened the sky as if it were a storeroom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/024.md b/psa/078/024.md index 0a2ea8477c..4f137f2bcd 100644 --- a/psa/078/024.md +++ b/psa/078/024.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two lines speak of the same event. # He rained down manna "He caused manna to fall from the sky like rain" - diff --git a/psa/078/025.md b/psa/078/025.md index 57f7b02cd3..c594811298 100644 --- a/psa/078/025.md +++ b/psa/078/025.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the manna that God provided for the people. The word "bread" repr # food in abundance The abstract noun "abundance" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "abundant food" or "a large amount of food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/026.md b/psa/078/026.md index 2546da519c..3c1c819d3e 100644 --- a/psa/078/026.md +++ b/psa/078/026.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He caused "God caused" - diff --git a/psa/078/027.md b/psa/078/027.md index 7c5b0a3f9f..0d8f4914b3 100644 --- a/psa/078/027.md +++ b/psa/078/027.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ birds # as numerous as the sands of the sea No one can count the grains of sand. There were more birds than anyone could count, but this is an exaggeration: there were probably not literally the same number of birds as grains of sand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/028.md b/psa/078/028.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/028.md +++ b/psa/078/028.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/029.md b/psa/078/029.md index ee965d6dea..54609532ef 100644 --- a/psa/078/029.md +++ b/psa/078/029.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # craved strongly desired - diff --git a/psa/078/030.md b/psa/078/030.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/030.md +++ b/psa/078/030.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/031.md b/psa/078/031.md index 1d3da0cc12..3c4313155f 100644 --- a/psa/078/031.md +++ b/psa/078/031.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ while the food was still in their mouths ([Psalms 78:31](../078/031.md)) # brought down This is a euphemism that means he caused them to die. Alternate translation: "killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/032.md b/psa/078/032.md index 0662452475..967b2aecee 100644 --- a/psa/078/032.md +++ b/psa/078/032.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # did not believe his wonderful deeds The word "deeds" is a metonym for God, who did the deeds. What they did not believe can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "did not believe that he would take care of them even though he had done such wonderful deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/033.md b/psa/078/033.md index 9edb5ee2b2..1a4e837e6b 100644 --- a/psa/078/033.md +++ b/psa/078/033.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "days" refers to a lifetime. The idiom "to cut short ... days" mea # their years were filled with terror Asaph speaks of years as if they were containers. Alternate translation: "year after year they were afraid all the time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/034.md b/psa/078/034.md index f78ac0e616..3451da3a57 100644 --- a/psa/078/034.md +++ b/psa/078/034.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ to ask him what they needed to do so he would protect them (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # look earnestly "look urgently" or "look as best they could" - diff --git a/psa/078/035.md b/psa/078/035.md index a546a332f3..1b7c0bc510 100644 --- a/psa/078/035.md +++ b/psa/078/035.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks about God as if he were a hill or mountain where people could # their rescuer "the one who rescued them" - diff --git a/psa/078/036.md b/psa/078/036.md index 0739efd5cc..4b4bc544b0 100644 --- a/psa/078/036.md +++ b/psa/078/036.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with their mouth The word "mouth" is a metonym for the words they spoke using their mouths. Alternate translation: "by saying what they said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/037.md b/psa/078/037.md index e634b5b8a8..5f4c27c3e0 100644 --- a/psa/078/037.md +++ b/psa/078/037.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their hearts were not firmly fixed on him Here "hearts" is a metonym for their thoughts. To be loyal to him is spoken of as being solidly attached to him. Alternate translation: "their thoughts were not focused on him" or "they were not loyal to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/038.md b/psa/078/038.md index 700a4f61fb..da1d2681b2 100644 --- a/psa/078/038.md +++ b/psa/078/038.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph speaks of God's anger as if it were an angry person whom God held onto to # did not stir up all his wrath Asaph speaks of God's wrath as if it were a sleeping person whom God allowed to sleep and did not awaken. Alternate translation: "did not allow himself to become fully angry with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/039.md b/psa/078/039.md index 6ed1087a7d..cf844daf1f 100644 --- a/psa/078/039.md +++ b/psa/078/039.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they were made of flesh The word "flesh," which is weak and then dies, is a metonym for human weakness and death. Alternate translation: "the Israelites were weak and would someday die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/040.md b/psa/078/040.md index 43439dcc0c..04eef5c321 100644 --- a/psa/078/040.md +++ b/psa/078/040.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the barren regions "places where nothing grows" - diff --git a/psa/078/041.md b/psa/078/041.md index fd2aa937a1..5f18d51a7e 100644 --- a/psa/078/041.md +++ b/psa/078/041.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they challenged God They wanted God to prove that he could do what he said he would do before they would believe him. See how you translated this in [Psalms 78:18](../078/018.md). - diff --git a/psa/078/042.md b/psa/078/042.md index 16daac19f8..e074b9af1f 100644 --- a/psa/078/042.md +++ b/psa/078/042.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer speaks of how God had rescued the Israelites. - diff --git a/psa/078/043.md b/psa/078/043.md index 75eba23974..62ed932f35 100644 --- a/psa/078/043.md +++ b/psa/078/043.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zoan a city in Egypt (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/044.md b/psa/078/044.md index d2bcf11a4d..f6b5859645 100644 --- a/psa/078/044.md +++ b/psa/078/044.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer describes what God did. - diff --git a/psa/078/045.md b/psa/078/045.md index 6f44c51dc7..dc3724accc 100644 --- a/psa/078/045.md +++ b/psa/078/045.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The flies made the Egyptians almost as unhappy as they would have if they had ea # destroyed them "overran their land" or "went everywhere in their land" - diff --git a/psa/078/046.md b/psa/078/046.md index 4b6821552e..452187dd4c 100644 --- a/psa/078/046.md +++ b/psa/078/046.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Asaph speaks of the crops as a gift that God gave to the grasshoppers. Alternate # their labor to the locust "he gave their labor to the locust." Asaph speaks of the people's labor as if it were a gift that God gave to the grasshoppers. The word "labor" is a metonym for the crops that their labor had produced. Alternate translation: "he allowed the locusts to eat the crops they had worked so hard to produce" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/047.md b/psa/078/047.md index 5a69caee40..563416ffeb 100644 --- a/psa/078/047.md +++ b/psa/078/047.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues to describe what God did to the Egyptians. # sycamore a tree that gives fruit - diff --git a/psa/078/048.md b/psa/078/048.md index f7ff8b5694..50d91d3a25 100644 --- a/psa/078/048.md +++ b/psa/078/048.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ lightning that makes loud thunder # He rained hail "He brought hail" or "He caused hail to fall" - diff --git a/psa/078/050.md b/psa/078/050.md index 9ede5fb506..62e7916e84 100644 --- a/psa/078/050.md +++ b/psa/078/050.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of anger as if it were a person who could walk Yahweh gettin # gave them over to the plague Asaph speaks of the plague as if it were a person who was going to harm the Egyptians. Alternate translation: "he made them all very ill with the plague" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/051.md b/psa/078/051.md index f6463ba846..d3028c47fe 100644 --- a/psa/078/051.md +++ b/psa/078/051.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to the firstborn males of each family. Alternate translation: # in the tents of Ham Here the word "tents" is a metonym for families. The word "Ham" refers to Egypt by the name of their ancestor. Alternate translation: "among the families of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/052.md b/psa/078/052.md index 54a75d324e..7cb64d5dc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/052.md +++ b/psa/078/052.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues to describe what God did for the people of Israel. # like sheep ... like a flock The writer speaks about the Israelites as if they were sheep. This means God cared for and protected the people like a shepherd does his sheep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/053.md b/psa/078/053.md index dab826ea66..18a6d9fbe9 100644 --- a/psa/078/053.md +++ b/psa/078/053.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # overwhelmed completely covered - diff --git a/psa/078/054.md b/psa/078/054.md index ad2eae327a..99f46b3590 100644 --- a/psa/078/054.md +++ b/psa/078/054.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues to describe what God did for the people of Israel. # his right hand acquired The words "right hand" are a metonym for power. Alternate translation: "he won for himself using his own power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/055.md b/psa/078/055.md index 14a2146123..823ec0eec9 100644 --- a/psa/078/055.md +++ b/psa/078/055.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) God assigned the Israelites their inheritance in the la # in their tents Possible meanings are 1) he settled Israel in their own tents in the land or 2) he settled Israel in the tents from which he had driven the other nations. Most of these "tents" were actually houses, both when the other nations lived in them and when the Israelites lived in them. Alternate translation: "in their homes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/056.md b/psa/078/056.md index e3f14ff1e1..73474fdf16 100644 --- a/psa/078/056.md +++ b/psa/078/056.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They wanted God to prove that he could do what he said he would do before they w # rebelled against refused to obey - diff --git a/psa/078/057.md b/psa/078/057.md index be8295f1b9..c41042af8a 100644 --- a/psa/078/057.md +++ b/psa/078/057.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were unfaithful and acted treacherously These words mean almost the same thing. The writer uses them both to emphasize that the Israelites did not do for God what they had said they would do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/058.md b/psa/078/058.md index 2db66af6e4..32f9abe437 100644 --- a/psa/078/058.md +++ b/psa/078/058.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues to describe what God did for the people of Israel. # made him angry with their high places and provoked him to jealous anger with their idols These two phrases are in parallel and have similar meanings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/059.md b/psa/078/059.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/059.md +++ b/psa/078/059.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/060.md b/psa/078/060.md index 720c60b5c9..93de0a2bf5 100644 --- a/psa/078/060.md +++ b/psa/078/060.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The writer continues to describe what God did for the people of Israel. - diff --git a/psa/078/061.md b/psa/078/061.md index 61e000cd9f..92bb8efa56 100644 --- a/psa/078/061.md +++ b/psa/078/061.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He allowed his strength to be captured and gave his glory into the enemy's hand Asaph speaks of God's strength and glory as if they were physical objects that people could capture and hold. The words "strength" and "glory" are probably mentonyms for the ark of the covenant. The word "hand" is a metonym for the enemy's power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He allowed his enemies to capture the glorious ark of his covenant; he simply gave it to them so they could do whatever they wanted with it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/062.md b/psa/078/062.md index 57d5fe6e24..fd4900a6ef 100644 --- a/psa/078/062.md +++ b/psa/078/062.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph speaks of God's people as if they were a small object God would give as a # he was angry with his heritage "he was angry with the people he had said would be his forever" - diff --git a/psa/078/063.md b/psa/078/063.md index b2a5cc3a30..c65591220b 100644 --- a/psa/078/063.md +++ b/psa/078/063.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These words refer to people at the time they are the strongest and most attracti # wedding the celebration when people marry - diff --git a/psa/078/064.md b/psa/078/064.md index df2684dd0c..3caabc591c 100644 --- a/psa/078/064.md +++ b/psa/078/064.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) someone forced the widows not to weep or 2) so many pri # widows women whose husbands have died - diff --git a/psa/078/065.md b/psa/078/065.md index 3696ade118..21ffa4d42d 100644 --- a/psa/078/065.md +++ b/psa/078/065.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Lord not acting for a period of time is spoken of as if he were asleep, and # like a warrior who shouts because of wine Possible meanings are 1) like a warrior who had drunk too much wine and has become angry because he was awakened and so wants to fight or 2) like a warrior who drank much wine but is now able to think and fight well because he has slept. - diff --git a/psa/078/066.md b/psa/078/066.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/078/066.md +++ b/psa/078/066.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/078/067.md b/psa/078/067.md index 549e7f9c15..77b14f3cdd 100644 --- a/psa/078/067.md +++ b/psa/078/067.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "tent" is a metonym for a family. In this phrase it refers to the # Joseph ... Ephraim Ephraim was Joseph's son. - diff --git a/psa/078/068.md b/psa/078/068.md index e0c32ffe9d..81292aa22c 100644 --- a/psa/078/068.md +++ b/psa/078/068.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Judah ... Mount Zion Mount Zion was in the land where the tribe of Judah lived. - diff --git a/psa/078/069.md b/psa/078/069.md index 48f812a03e..eb9802fc83 100644 --- a/psa/078/069.md +++ b/psa/078/069.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings for this simile are 1) Yahweh has made his sanctuary as high a # like the earth The verb may be supplied from the previous line. The writer compares the permanence of Yahweh's sanctuary to the permanence of the earth. Alternate translation: "He built his sanctuary to last permanently, like the earth lasts permanently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/070.md b/psa/078/070.md index e5dca5cdfd..69344be89b 100644 --- a/psa/078/070.md +++ b/psa/078/070.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer continues to describe what God did # sheepfolds spaces with walls around them where sheep are kept safe - diff --git a/psa/078/071.md b/psa/078/071.md index ddf31c270a..74e0ee3456 100644 --- a/psa/078/071.md +++ b/psa/078/071.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "shepherd" is a metaphor for one who leads and protects other people. A # his heritage "the ones he had chosen to be his forever" See how this is translated in [Psalms 78:62](../078/062.md). - diff --git a/psa/078/072.md b/psa/078/072.md index baa318b3b9..48f36d7b92 100644 --- a/psa/078/072.md +++ b/psa/078/072.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David shepherded them The word "shepherded" is a metaphor for leading and protecting. Alternate translation: "David led them and protected them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/078/intro.md b/psa/078/intro.md index 07a0e9c324..0b4c2dbc57 100644 --- a/psa/078/intro.md +++ b/psa/078/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 078 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 78 is a wisdom psalm using Israel's history. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel's complaining -#### Israel's complaining Although God did one miracle after the other, the people of Israel still complained and failed to believe Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### Superscription -This is called a "Maschil." The word in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. +### Superscription + +This is called a "Maschil." The word in the original language has caused scholars to have various opinions about its meaning. Some say it means to instruct, while others say that the word is referring to the skill used in creating the psalm. Still others think it means that meditation should be used in reading this psalm. ## Links: * __[Psalms 78:1](../../psa/078/001.md)__ __[<<](../077/intro.md) | [>>](../079/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/079/001.md b/psa/079/001.md index f5145ae658..d8c475931c 100644 --- a/psa/079/001.md +++ b/psa/079/001.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of Asaph -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # your inheritance "the land that was to be yours forever" See how this is translated in [Psalms 68:9](../068/009.md). - diff --git a/psa/079/002.md b/psa/079/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/079/002.md +++ b/psa/079/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/079/003.md b/psa/079/003.md index c0d45aeb0d..bec9d3b0f9 100644 --- a/psa/079/003.md +++ b/psa/079/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They have shed their blood like water The word "blood" is a metonym for innocent life. To shed blood is to kill innocent people. Most people saw water every day, so for blood to be as common as water, many innocent people would have to die. Alternate translation: "They have killed so many innocent people that the blood is everywhere, like water after it rains" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/079/004.md b/psa/079/004.md index 1e8fe25bae..93449a18da 100644 --- a/psa/079/004.md +++ b/psa/079/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The pronoun "We" refers to God's people. # derision strong laughter to shame a person - diff --git a/psa/079/005.md b/psa/079/005.md index d53a75489a..134383eec6 100644 --- a/psa/079/005.md +++ b/psa/079/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "anger" can be stated as "angry." Alternate translation: "will # burn like fire This simile compares the expression of God's anger to a fire that destroys things. Alternate translation: "destroy us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/079/006.md b/psa/079/006.md index bb628e0fd3..3aa2e2808e 100644 --- a/psa/079/006.md +++ b/psa/079/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph speaks of God's wrath as if it were a liquid. Alternate translation: "Sinc # do not call upon your name The word "name" is a metonym for the person's power and authority. Alternate translation: "do not belong to you" or "do not ask you to help them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/079/007.md b/psa/079/007.md index 68fa2720a7..ed4ef501bf 100644 --- a/psa/079/007.md +++ b/psa/079/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they have devoured Jacob The word "Jacob" is a mentonym for his descendants, the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "they have completely destroyed the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/079/008.md b/psa/079/008.md index 743bcbace9..dcc1414c05 100644 --- a/psa/079/008.md +++ b/psa/079/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # we are very low The writer speaks of the people being weak and discouraged as if they were in a low position. Alternate translation: "we are very weak" or "we are very discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/079/009.md b/psa/079/009.md index 74835c25da..8464801491 100644 --- a/psa/079/009.md +++ b/psa/079/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "name" is a metonym for his reputation, for what people know about him. # for your name's sake God's name here represents his whole being and the honor that he deserves. Alternate translation: "so that people will honor you" or "for your own sake" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/079/010.md b/psa/079/010.md index 630be2191e..1a41986783 100644 --- a/psa/079/010.md +++ b/psa/079/010.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ To shed blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. This can be translated i # before our eyes "in our sight" or "while we are present" - diff --git a/psa/079/011.md b/psa/079/011.md index 089cfd374b..32ecbfb1ca 100644 --- a/psa/079/011.md +++ b/psa/079/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Asaph speaks of the sound made by prisoners in pain and sorrow as if it were a p # children of death This is an idiom that refers to people who are condemned to death. Alternate translation: "those who are condemned to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/079/012.md b/psa/079/012.md index c30d314009..b3ce25daf7 100644 --- a/psa/079/012.md +++ b/psa/079/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Asaph speaks of the evil deeds that the neighboring countries did against Israel # into the laps onto their knees and thighs as they are sitting. This is a metaphor for "directly and personally." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/079/013.md b/psa/079/013.md index fdc4f895b4..ba1575035f 100644 --- a/psa/079/013.md +++ b/psa/079/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "sheep" is a metaphor for helpless people whom a shepherd protects and # your praises This represents the things that people will praise them the Lord for. Alternate translation: "continue to praise you for the things that you have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/079/intro.md b/psa/079/intro.md index e044c7a14e..0dfb3da167 100644 --- a/psa/079/intro.md +++ b/psa/079/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 079 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 79 is a deliverance psalm and a prayer for revenge against their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Destruction -#### Destruction Jerusalem has been destroyed and its people killed. God should destroy these enemy nations who do not pray to him. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Jerusalem has been destroyed and its people killed. God should destroy these ene * __[Psalms 79:1](../../psa/079/001.md)__ __[<<](../078/intro.md) | [>>](../080/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/080/001.md b/psa/080/001.md index 4fce7da340..a704406d1a 100644 --- a/psa/080/001.md +++ b/psa/080/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # For the chief musician, set to the Shoshannim Eduth style. A psalm of Asaph -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # For the chief musician @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark # shine on us Asaph speaks of God as if he were the sun, giving light, a metaphor for moral goodness. Alternate translation: "give us light" or "show us the right way to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/002.md b/psa/080/002.md index cba6eed9e0..2cd45e06ba 100644 --- a/psa/080/002.md +++ b/psa/080/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stir up your power The phrase "stir up" means to "put into action." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/003.md b/psa/080/003.md index b52fc13498..eaf6086468 100644 --- a/psa/080/003.md +++ b/psa/080/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably towards them as if Yahweh's face sh # and we will be saved This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "and please save us" or "so that you can save us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/004.md b/psa/080/004.md index 43389f22a1..5fb0fe681f 100644 --- a/psa/080/004.md +++ b/psa/080/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your people Israel - diff --git a/psa/080/005.md b/psa/080/005.md index f67fe78f89..2622bbd5eb 100644 --- a/psa/080/005.md +++ b/psa/080/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have fed them with the bread of tears and given them tears to drink in great quantities The words "bread of tears" and "tears to drink" are metaphors for continual sadness. Alternate translation: "You have made sure that they are very sad all the time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/006.md b/psa/080/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/080/006.md +++ b/psa/080/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/080/007.md b/psa/080/007.md index 8c4264445f..d342a99bfc 100644 --- a/psa/080/007.md +++ b/psa/080/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably towards them as if Yahweh's face sh # we will be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will save us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/008.md b/psa/080/008.md index b711638ad2..85305f4ee4 100644 --- a/psa/080/008.md +++ b/psa/080/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of his people as if they were a plant that Yahweh was transp # you drove out nations It can be made clear where the nations were that God forced out. Alternate translation: "you forced nations out of this land" or "you forced nations to leave the land of Canaan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/009.md b/psa/080/009.md index 05163dcb75..189122c0ef 100644 --- a/psa/080/009.md +++ b/psa/080/009.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Asaph continues speaking of Israel in their land as if Israel were a grapevine i # filled the land "its branches covered the land" - diff --git a/psa/080/010.md b/psa/080/010.md index 0d580c5e23..9d6cde7a28 100644 --- a/psa/080/010.md +++ b/psa/080/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Its shade covered the # cedars of God Possible meanings are 1) "the highest cedar trees," the cedar trees that grew on the "mountains" in the land of Lebanon north of Israel, or 2) "God's own cedar trees." - diff --git a/psa/080/011.md b/psa/080/011.md index b15dcbbc24..496d2a029f 100644 --- a/psa/080/011.md +++ b/psa/080/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the Mediterranean Sea to the west of Israel # shoots the parts of new plants that are just starting to grow above the ground - diff --git a/psa/080/012.md b/psa/080/012.md index b05c58c082..9208fccc39 100644 --- a/psa/080/012.md +++ b/psa/080/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Asaph continues speaking of Israel in their land as if Israel were a grapevine i # its walls walls of stone, not of wood - diff --git a/psa/080/013.md b/psa/080/013.md index e081e7a401..e10299cb27 100644 --- a/psa/080/013.md +++ b/psa/080/013.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ wild animals of any kind # field land where there are many plants but no trees - diff --git a/psa/080/014.md b/psa/080/014.md index 64d37270e1..fc2865ddf9 100644 --- a/psa/080/014.md +++ b/psa/080/014.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer wants God to turn back in order to help them. This can be stated expl # this vine The writer continues comparing the nation of Israel to the vine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/015.md b/psa/080/015.md index af9283e17d..81f685bcf6 100644 --- a/psa/080/015.md +++ b/psa/080/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The right hand represents the Yahweh's power and control. Alternate translation: # the son that you have strengthened for yourself The word "son" here is probably a metaphor for the "shoots" of ([Psalms 80:11](../080/011.md)). Alternate translation: "the shoot you have caused to grow for your pleasure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/016.md b/psa/080/016.md index f7955a94f0..e9810a7d60 100644 --- a/psa/080/016.md +++ b/psa/080/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # down; they perish because of your rebuke Possible meanings are 1) "down; your people perish because of your rebuke." or 2) "down. May your enemies perish because of your rebuke!" - diff --git a/psa/080/017.md b/psa/080/017.md index b2169b72c6..c0edeb9ecb 100644 --- a/psa/080/017.md +++ b/psa/080/017.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the nation of Israel, which Yahweh has chosen as his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # right hand When a man in Israel wanted to honor another man, he would have that other man stand at his right side, close to his right hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/018.md b/psa/080/018.md index 69ef95aaad..9bf03c645f 100644 --- a/psa/080/018.md +++ b/psa/080/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we will not turn away from you Here "turn away" is a metaphor for rejecting someone. This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "we will not stop worshiping and obeying you" or "we will always worship and obey you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/019.md b/psa/080/019.md index d9588e4fe0..3940f68889 100644 --- a/psa/080/019.md +++ b/psa/080/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably towards them as if Yahweh's face sh # we will be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will save us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/080/intro.md b/psa/080/intro.md index 3661d6c5ce..6833201108 100644 --- a/psa/080/intro.md +++ b/psa/080/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # Psalm 080 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 80 is a deliverance psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's help -#### Yahweh's help Israel's enemies threaten them. The psalmist asks Yahweh to look down with joy on them, then they will be saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphor +### Metaphor The author uses an extended metaphor of Israel as a vine planted by God which is being uprooted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The author uses an extended metaphor of Israel as a vine planted by God which is * __[Psalms 80:1](../../psa/080/001.md)__ __[<<](../079/intro.md) | [>>](../081/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/081/001.md b/psa/081/001.md index 5f6c61fe5a..3eb6cdd7bb 100644 --- a/psa/081/001.md +++ b/psa/081/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # For the chief musician; set to the Gittith style. A psalm of Asaph -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # A psalm of Asaph @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The abstract noun "strength" can be stated as "strong." Alternate translation: " # the God of Jacob Here "Jacob" represents all of his descendants. Alternate translation: "the God of Israel, the nation of Jacob's descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/002.md b/psa/081/002.md index 404ce62af0..abe35ab576 100644 --- a/psa/081/002.md +++ b/psa/081/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are musical instruments. # tambourine a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/003.md b/psa/081/003.md index eabb02d07c..ccb3f72f17 100644 --- a/psa/081/003.md +++ b/psa/081/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the middle of the lunar month. # when our feast day begins "and on the days when our feasts begin" - diff --git a/psa/081/004.md b/psa/081/004.md index e0c0e44968..45277247f8 100644 --- a/psa/081/004.md +++ b/psa/081/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the God of Jacob decr # the God of Jacob Here "Jacob" represents all of his descendants. Alternate translation: "the God of Israel, the nation of Jacob's descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/005.md b/psa/081/005.md index f3b11ade1a..4a5e504ad1 100644 --- a/psa/081/005.md +++ b/psa/081/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the historical events in Egypt when the people of Israel were ens # the land of Egypt Here "land" represents the people. Alternate translation: "the people of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/006.md b/psa/081/006.md index a136a90daf..d625744d88 100644 --- a/psa/081/006.md +++ b/psa/081/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the burden from his shoulder" represents the forced labor the Israelites h # his hands were freed from holding the basket Here "holding the basket" represents the forced labor the Israelites had to do as slaves in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/007.md b/psa/081/007.md index 8d567889d5..e3d999aafc 100644 --- a/psa/081/007.md +++ b/psa/081/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ When God came to the Israelites, he hid the fullness of his presence and glory i # I tested you at the waters of Meribah God tested the children of Israel to see if they would trust him to supply water in the desert of Meribah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/008.md b/psa/081/008.md index e0eb312b1e..5aa9c33bbd 100644 --- a/psa/081/008.md +++ b/psa/081/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "Israelite # if you would only listen to me! "how I wish you would listen to me" or "but you must start listening to me!" - diff --git a/psa/081/009.md b/psa/081/009.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/081/009.md +++ b/psa/081/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/081/010.md b/psa/081/010.md index 00a71eeec9..81f7089d64 100644 --- a/psa/081/010.md +++ b/psa/081/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Open your mouth wide, and I will fill it God taking care of all the needs of the people is spoken of as if he were a mother bird feeding her baby birds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/011.md b/psa/081/011.md index 49d9c46722..e3a3e45be6 100644 --- a/psa/081/011.md +++ b/psa/081/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Now Yahweh tells what actually happened after he warned the people. # to my words "to what I said" or "to me" - diff --git a/psa/081/012.md b/psa/081/012.md index efff130038..918f765d4b 100644 --- a/psa/081/012.md +++ b/psa/081/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God allowing the people to remain stubborn is spoken of as if God were giving th # they might follow their own devices "they might follow their own plans" or "they might do what they think is right" - diff --git a/psa/081/013.md b/psa/081/013.md index f31780bfc4..6107890fdf 100644 --- a/psa/081/013.md +++ b/psa/081/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # oh, that my people would walk in my paths God wanting the people to obey him is spoken of as if he wanted the people to walk on his paths or roads. Alternate translation: "I wish that they would obey my laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/014.md b/psa/081/014.md index c0e1ef44d9..182759351b 100644 --- a/psa/081/014.md +++ b/psa/081/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turn my hand against Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "I would destroy" or "I would defeat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/015.md b/psa/081/015.md index 65e954332f..d11c138277 100644 --- a/psa/081/015.md +++ b/psa/081/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "wh # May they be humiliated forever This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I would humiliate them forever" or "I will punish them forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/016.md b/psa/081/016.md index 32abe31c98..6cd8e3fb67 100644 --- a/psa/081/016.md +++ b/psa/081/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both "Israel" and "you" refer to the Israelites. # honey out of the rock This refers to wild honey. Bees would build hives in the holes in rocks and make the honey there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/081/intro.md b/psa/081/intro.md index 0930e91baa..9ef96a9471 100644 --- a/psa/081/intro.md +++ b/psa/081/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 081 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 81 is a wisdom psalm. It is meant to be sung at "new moon" and "full moon" ceremonies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Obedience -#### Obedience If Israel would obey and worship God, he would destroy their enemies. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ If Israel would obey and worship God, he would destroy their enemies. * __[Psalms 81:1](../../psa/081/001.md)__ __[<<](../080/intro.md) | [>>](../082/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/082/001.md b/psa/082/001.md index b15672503a..c942aaae30 100644 --- a/psa/082/001.md +++ b/psa/082/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of Asaph -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # the divine assembly @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # the gods Possible meanings are 1) these are other spiritual beings who dwell in heaven. Alternate translation: "the divine beings" or "the heavenly judges" or 2) these are human judges that God has appointed. Either way, it does not mean they are gods like Yahweh is god. It means God has given them great power and authority. Alternate translation: "the rulers" - diff --git a/psa/082/002.md b/psa/082/002.md index 0909d9ac8a..3a97b4eb2f 100644 --- a/psa/082/002.md +++ b/psa/082/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How long will you judge unjustly and show favoritism to the wicked? Yahweh uses a question to rebuke the gods for not judging people fairly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/082/003.md b/psa/082/003.md index 0a9e12eea9..b9b2bb88fd 100644 --- a/psa/082/003.md +++ b/psa/082/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words are nominal adjectives. They can be stated as adjectives. Alternate # maintain the rights of the "do what is right for the" - diff --git a/psa/082/004.md b/psa/082/004.md index 83044ca6a8..9f1f2a858c 100644 --- a/psa/082/004.md +++ b/psa/082/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are all nominal adjectives. They can be stated as adjectives. Alternate tr # take them out of the hand of the wicked Here the word "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "stop the wicked people from harming them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/082/005.md b/psa/082/005.md index 61a18bde49..bbddfc384d 100644 --- a/psa/082/005.md +++ b/psa/082/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The gods corrupting the moral order that Yahweh established is spoken of as if t # crumble fall apart - diff --git a/psa/082/006.md b/psa/082/006.md index c83716c105..18d6152fab 100644 --- a/psa/082/006.md +++ b/psa/082/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "gods" refers to the same group as in [Psalms 82:1](../082/001.md). Whether # sons of the Most High Yahweh is speaking about himself as "the Most High." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/082/007.md b/psa/082/007.md index 84499325a9..c63ea32771 100644 --- a/psa/082/007.md +++ b/psa/082/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and fall This is a way of speaking of a person dying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/082/008.md b/psa/082/008.md index 2a2ad80a4f..6212576dc0 100644 --- a/psa/082/008.md +++ b/psa/082/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "earth" represents the people. Alternate translation: "judge the people of # all the nations Here "nations" represents the people of the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/082/intro.md b/psa/082/intro.md index 8571c4c162..30338ba81b 100644 --- a/psa/082/intro.md +++ b/psa/082/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ # Psalm 082 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 82 is a psalm of judgment against the leaders of the other nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Favoritism -#### Favoritism The leaders of the nations need to protect the poor and needy and not to favor the evil rich people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metonymy +### Metonymy The leaders of the nations are represented by their gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The leaders of the nations are represented by their gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man * __[Psalms 82:1](../../psa/082/001.md)__ __[<<](../081/intro.md) | [>>](../083/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/083/001.md b/psa/083/001.md index ed2951d5e9..874688ab1c 100644 --- a/psa/083/001.md +++ b/psa/083/001.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A song. A psalm of Asaph -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # remain unmoved "do nothing to help us" - diff --git a/psa/083/002.md b/psa/083/002.md index da0a681eff..7b36122dba 100644 --- a/psa/083/002.md +++ b/psa/083/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "making a commotion" means they are rioting and rebelling. Alternate transl # those who hate you have raised their heads The phrase "raised their heads" is way of saying they are rebelling against God. Alternate translation: "those who hate you are defying you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/003.md b/psa/083/003.md index e728cd9f05..5e9eec56dd 100644 --- a/psa/083/003.md +++ b/psa/083/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your protected ones "those whom you protect." This refers to the Israelites. - diff --git a/psa/083/004.md b/psa/083/004.md index 89f398b97e..7a3381ac6c 100644 --- a/psa/083/004.md +++ b/psa/083/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the name of Israel will no longer be remembered Here "name" represents a reputation or the memory of someone. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will ever remember the Israelites existed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/005.md b/psa/083/005.md index 2472756a7a..d8939d7726 100644 --- a/psa/083/005.md +++ b/psa/083/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they made an alliance against you "they have joined together against you" - diff --git a/psa/083/006.md b/psa/083/006.md index 20a1b5a9ae..27207ba950 100644 --- a/psa/083/006.md +++ b/psa/083/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people of Edom who lived in tents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # Hagrites This is the name of a people group that lived on the east side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/007.md b/psa/083/007.md index 9db34a7670..2d0f70dd65 100644 --- a/psa/083/007.md +++ b/psa/083/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These all represent the people of each area or tribe. Alternate translation: "th # Byblos This is the name of a region south of the Dead Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/008.md b/psa/083/008.md index f88e57091f..dfa41fcb3f 100644 --- a/psa/083/008.md +++ b/psa/083/008.md @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ This represents the people of Assyria. Alternate translation: "the people of Assyria" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # they have become an arm for the descendants of Lot + Here "arm" is a metonym that represents "help." Alternate translation: "they have become a help for the descendants of Lot" or "they are helping the descendants of Lot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # the descendants of Lot This refers to the people of the nations of Moab and Ammon. You can make clear the understood information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/009.md b/psa/083/009.md index 1d228eb16c..32ae4e1b6c 100644 --- a/psa/083/009.md +++ b/psa/083/009.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are names of men. Jabin was king of Hazor. Sisera was the commander of Jab # Kishon River This is the name of a river in northern Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/010.md b/psa/083/010.md index feb82ffa84..8639e8cb08 100644 --- a/psa/083/010.md +++ b/psa/083/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a town in northern Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/transl # became like manure for the earth This means the bodies of Sisera and Jabin were not buried but were left to rot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/011.md b/psa/083/011.md index 4001b3144a..4537b1c8b9 100644 --- a/psa/083/011.md +++ b/psa/083/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer continues to remind God of other enemies he has defeated for Israel i # Oreb ... Zeeb ... Zebah ... Zalmunna These are all names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/012.md b/psa/083/012.md index 7fa894bcbe..64485a7434 100644 --- a/psa/083/012.md +++ b/psa/083/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "They" refers to Oreb, Zeeb, Zebah and Zalmunna. # the pastures of God This speaks about the land of Israel as if it were land for sheep to graze and God were the shepherd watching over it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/013.md b/psa/083/013.md index 5150d54ff2..2a8a20c1f3 100644 --- a/psa/083/013.md +++ b/psa/083/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses similes to describe God's total destruction of Israel's enemies. # make them like the whirling dust, like chaff before the wind Both statements speak of God destroying his enemies as if he were a strong wind easily blowing them away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/014.md b/psa/083/014.md index 831d9c864e..2b0a97d333 100644 --- a/psa/083/014.md +++ b/psa/083/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like the fire that burns the forest, and like the flame that sets the mountains on fire Both statements speak of God's punishment as if it were a fire, and the enemies of God are things that burn in the fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/015.md b/psa/083/015.md index 83baebb903..7fb7c57274 100644 --- a/psa/083/015.md +++ b/psa/083/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Chase them with your strong wind, and terrify them with your windstorm Both statements ask God to destroy the enemies with storms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/016.md b/psa/083/016.md index 342286a8a0..30f7853d95 100644 --- a/psa/083/016.md +++ b/psa/083/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" represents God's power. God's enemies acknowledging that God is powe # seek your name Possible meanings are 1) God's enemies admit that God is powerful or 2) God's enemies are asking God for help or 3) God's enemies start to worship and obey him. - diff --git a/psa/083/017.md b/psa/083/017.md index 0c8e9b4380..85aa939a95 100644 --- a/psa/083/017.md +++ b/psa/083/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Make them ashamed and # may they perish in disgrace "may they die while they are ashamed" - diff --git a/psa/083/018.md b/psa/083/018.md index 42b6ddc4e4..a606e7d092 100644 --- a/psa/083/018.md +++ b/psa/083/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can also be stated as the writer making a request to God. Alternate transla # are the Most High over all the earth God ruling over everything in the earth is spoken of as if he were elevated higher than everything else. Alternate translation: "are supreme, and you rule all things on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/083/intro.md b/psa/083/intro.md index 6fc55ee0b8..4e14c9b701 100644 --- a/psa/083/intro.md +++ b/psa/083/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 083 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 83 is a deliverance psalm. It is a prayer for deliverance from the many nations allied against Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Destruction -#### Destruction God should destroy these enemy nations like he destroyed Israel's enemies during the time of the Judges. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God should destroy these enemy nations like he destroyed Israel's enemies during * __[Psalms 83:1](../../psa/083/001.md)__ __[<<](../082/intro.md) | [>>](../084/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/084/001.md b/psa/084/001.md index c0b3a6db84..f5040632ce 100644 --- a/psa/084/001.md +++ b/psa/084/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # For the chief musician; set to the Gittith style. A psalm of the sons of Korah -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # For the chief musician @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This may refer to a style of music. See how you translated this in [Psalms 8:1]( # How lovely "How beautiful" - diff --git a/psa/084/002.md b/psa/084/002.md index bd21efc1ee..7c03531e0c 100644 --- a/psa/084/002.md +++ b/psa/084/002.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "heart" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I shout for jo # the living God This means God is living and he also has the power to cause other things to live. - diff --git a/psa/084/003.md b/psa/084/003.md index 6b020aab55..b594120cc7 100644 --- a/psa/084/003.md +++ b/psa/084/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the words "has found" or "has made" are understood. Alternate translation: # where she may lay her young "where she may lay her eggs and care for her babies" - diff --git a/psa/084/004.md b/psa/084/004.md index d04890d9fb..f91198ce01 100644 --- a/psa/084/004.md +++ b/psa/084/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "they" refers to the priests who permanently serve at t # praise you continually "keep praising you again and again" - diff --git a/psa/084/005.md b/psa/084/005.md index def286bdbc..52fb69a5ac 100644 --- a/psa/084/005.md +++ b/psa/084/005.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ roads built higher than the surrounding ground # up to Zion The temple was in Jerusalem on the top of the highest hill, called Mount Zion. - diff --git a/psa/084/006.md b/psa/084/006.md index 55d21b1c25..a9285ecdc2 100644 --- a/psa/084/006.md +++ b/psa/084/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means the rain that falls in autumn before the cold season. This is during # blessings Here the word "blessings" is a metonym for the pools of water that make people who live in dry lands happy. Alternate translation: "pools of water that make them happy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/084/007.md b/psa/084/007.md index 12aa61884c..5a4989691b 100644 --- a/psa/084/007.md +++ b/psa/084/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a way of saying they get stronger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom # They go Here "They" refers to those who strongly desire to go to the temple to worship God. - diff --git a/psa/084/008.md b/psa/084/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/084/008.md +++ b/psa/084/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/084/009.md b/psa/084/009.md index 2be5c9ae9c..e84665b5be 100644 --- a/psa/084/009.md +++ b/psa/084/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God, watch over our shield The king who protects his people is spoken of as if he were a shield. Alternate translation: "God, watch over our king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/084/010.md b/psa/084/010.md index 4a922b35df..44e5cc5b21 100644 --- a/psa/084/010.md +++ b/psa/084/010.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated with the understood information. Alternate translation: "I wo # the wicked This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "wicked people" or "those who are wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/084/011.md b/psa/084/011.md index f631fdffef..5f7c56a772 100644 --- a/psa/084/011.md +++ b/psa/084/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract nouns "grace" and "glory" can be stated as verbs. Alternate transla # who walk in integrity The way a person conducts their lives or behaves is spoken of as if the person were walking. Alternate translation: "who live honestly" or "who are honest" - diff --git a/psa/084/012.md b/psa/084/012.md index 5f7c451c2f..f47f676628 100644 --- a/psa/084/012.md +++ b/psa/084/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # blessed is the man Here "man" means people in general. Alternate translation: "blessed are those" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/psa/084/intro.md b/psa/084/intro.md index 3e1ec27cba..59114a9edb 100644 --- a/psa/084/intro.md +++ b/psa/084/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 084 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 84 is a worship psalm. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Obedience -#### Obedience God blesses all who want to obey him. Praising God in his temple is better than anything else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -#### Similarity to Psalm 42-43 -There are many similarities between these psalms and some scholars suggest they were written by the same people. +### Similarity to Psalm 42-43 + +There are many similarities between these psalms and some scholars suggest they were written by the same people. + ## Links: * __[Psalms 84:1](../../psa/084/001.md)__ __[<<](../083/intro.md) | [>>](../085/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/085/001.md b/psa/085/001.md index 292414d26f..99851cb2c4 100644 --- a/psa/085/001.md +++ b/psa/085/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to a person being happy, healthy and prosperous. # of Jacob Here "Jacob" represents Jacob's descendents, the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/002.md b/psa/085/002.md index d6b9d80878..04fa91df3d 100644 --- a/psa/085/002.md +++ b/psa/085/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here sin that is forgiven is spoken of as if it were covered so that it can not # their sin This writer thought of himself as belonging to God's people. Alternate translation: "our sin" - diff --git a/psa/085/003.md b/psa/085/003.md index 9f067374e9..27bbd4640a 100644 --- a/psa/085/003.md +++ b/psa/085/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God no longer punishing the Israelites is spoken of as if wrath were an object t # you have turned back from your hot anger God no longer being angry with the Israelites is spoken of as if anger were a fire that God from which God turned away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/004.md b/psa/085/004.md index f0fe3c024d..cb884bce55 100644 --- a/psa/085/004.md +++ b/psa/085/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "G # let go of your displeasure with us Asking God to stop being angry with the Israelites is spoken of as if displeasure were an object the writer wants God to let go of. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/005.md b/psa/085/005.md index 5d151c732b..af7b79d7aa 100644 --- a/psa/085/005.md +++ b/psa/085/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Will you be angry with us forever? Will you remain angry throughout future generations? The writer uses these questions to emphasize that he is requesting God to stop being angry with them. These rhetorical questions can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Please do not stay angry at us forever." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/006.md b/psa/085/006.md index c9ac393dfe..4888220c47 100644 --- a/psa/085/006.md +++ b/psa/085/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Will you not revive us again? The writer uses a question to emphasize his request to God to make the people of Israel prosper and happy again. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Please make us prosper again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/007.md b/psa/085/007.md index a83e172078..53f7586ae1 100644 --- a/psa/085/007.md +++ b/psa/085/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ If the sentence is rearranged, the ideas in the abstract noun "covenant faithful # grant us your salvation This is how the writer wants God to show his faithfulness to his people. If the sentence is rearranged, the ideas in the abstract noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verb "save." Alternate translation: "and save us" or "by saving us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/008.md b/psa/085/008.md index c5cb446390..5adf72c1c3 100644 --- a/psa/085/008.md +++ b/psa/085/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Yet they must not turn again to foolish ways A person changing the way he behaves is spoken of as if he were physically turning to a different direction. Alternate translation: "Yet they must not start doing foolish things again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/009.md b/psa/085/009.md index 679c02445d..0bb447a9f9 100644 --- a/psa/085/009.md +++ b/psa/085/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God being ready to save someone is spoken of as if salvation were an object that # then glory will remain in our land Here "glory" represents God's presence. Alternate translation: "then his glorious presence will remain in our land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/010.md b/psa/085/010.md index b48679c087..ef9b3ead4f 100644 --- a/psa/085/010.md +++ b/psa/085/010.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the people will do what is right and God will cause the # kissed each other This was a common way for friends to greet each other. - diff --git a/psa/085/011.md b/psa/085/011.md index ab06962894..eee244e0ec 100644 --- a/psa/085/011.md +++ b/psa/085/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The people on earth being faithful to God is spoken of as if trustworthiness wer # righteousness looks down from the sky The word "righteousness" is an abstract noun, and it is spoken of as a person looking down as God does. Alternate translation: "God will look on us from heaven and will act justly towards us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/012.md b/psa/085/012.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/085/012.md +++ b/psa/085/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/085/013.md b/psa/085/013.md index 07eaedbc2f..79078d41c1 100644 --- a/psa/085/013.md +++ b/psa/085/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God doing what is right everywhere he goes is spoken of as if righteousness were # his footsteps Here "footsteps" represents where God walks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/085/intro.md b/psa/085/intro.md index 1a0fdc61ed..793426b68b 100644 --- a/psa/085/intro.md +++ b/psa/085/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 085 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 85 is a worship psalm. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Blessings -#### Blessings God has given so many blessings. If the people stop their sinning, then the land will be filled by the glory of God and his blessings. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]]) -#### Group Prayer -Note how this psalm uses the plural to show that it is a group praying. +### Group Prayer + +Note how this psalm uses the plural to show that it is a group praying. + ## Links: * __[Psalms 85:1](../../psa/085/001.md)__ __[<<](../084/intro.md) | [>>](../086/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/086/001.md b/psa/086/001.md index 5189766a44..a9e15d6620 100644 --- a/psa/086/001.md +++ b/psa/086/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # poor and needy "weak and needy" - diff --git a/psa/086/002.md b/psa/086/002.md index 66d12c72d3..fc2bf3a692 100644 --- a/psa/086/002.md +++ b/psa/086/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # save your servant David refers to himself as "your servant," that is, God's servant. Alternate translation: "save me, your servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/003.md b/psa/086/003.md index 3a0b08d2b2..c2afd7d3a6 100644 --- a/psa/086/003.md +++ b/psa/086/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all day long This is an exaggeration. David cries out continually, but not literally at all times from dawn to dusk. Alternate translation: "continually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/004.md b/psa/086/004.md index df4fbfb905..614ddae776 100644 --- a/psa/086/004.md +++ b/psa/086/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Make your servant glad David refers to himself as "your servant," that is, God's servant. Alternate translation: "Make me, your servant" or "Make me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/005.md b/psa/086/005.md index e23b8da909..50a5d1bec4 100644 --- a/psa/086/005.md +++ b/psa/086/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # abounding in steadfast love to all those who cry out to you The abstract noun "love" can be restated with the verb "loving" Alternate translation: "faithfully loving all those who cry out to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/006.md b/psa/086/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/086/006.md +++ b/psa/086/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/086/007.md b/psa/086/007.md index cfe16310c3..8975398707 100644 --- a/psa/086/007.md +++ b/psa/086/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I call on you "I pray to you" - diff --git a/psa/086/008.md b/psa/086/008.md index 6271b2a248..595104d53a 100644 --- a/psa/086/008.md +++ b/psa/086/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # among the gods The writer is not acknowledging these other gods exist. He is referring to false gods that people from other nations worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/009.md b/psa/086/009.md index b460a3183f..16197e47d1 100644 --- a/psa/086/009.md +++ b/psa/086/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the nations" represent the people. Alternate translation: "The people from # They will honor your name Here "name" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "They will honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/010.md b/psa/086/010.md index 6532a71644..6574942847 100644 --- a/psa/086/010.md +++ b/psa/086/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you only are God "you are the only God" - diff --git a/psa/086/011.md b/psa/086/011.md index edb4583cf4..d26b2446a6 100644 --- a/psa/086/011.md +++ b/psa/086/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who obeys what God wants is spoken of as if he were walking on God's wa # Unite my heart to reverence your name Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts, emotions, and motives. The word "name" is a metonym for the person whose name it is. Asking God to cause a person to respect him completely is spoken of as if the person's heart were in many pieces and that God unites them together. Alternate translation: "Cause me to respect you sincerely with all my heart" or "Cause me to respect you sincerely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/012.md b/psa/086/012.md index 2d6c54d04d..65d3399953 100644 --- a/psa/086/012.md +++ b/psa/086/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts, emotions, and motives. Alternate tr # I will glorify your name Here "name" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I will glorify you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/013.md b/psa/086/013.md index 5aeb7ea3f3..6a213fe92b 100644 --- a/psa/086/013.md +++ b/psa/086/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate transl # you have rescued my life from the depths of Sheol This does not mean God brought him back to life after he died. It means God saved him when he was about to die. - diff --git a/psa/086/014.md b/psa/086/014.md index f2de26c7b9..a5c6a048a2 100644 --- a/psa/086/014.md +++ b/psa/086/014.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "company" here is a general term for a group of people who are together # seek my life This is a way of saying they want to kill him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/015.md b/psa/086/015.md index 3b0c7b2f03..eec578601d 100644 --- a/psa/086/015.md +++ b/psa/086/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness The abstract nouns "love" and "faithfulness" can be expressed with the verb "love" and the adjective "faithful." Alternate translation: "and always loving your people and always being faithful to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/016.md b/psa/086/016.md index ce28571b02..91782d1efe 100644 --- a/psa/086/016.md +++ b/psa/086/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "strength" can be stated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate # your servant ... the son of your servant woman The writer is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/017.md b/psa/086/017.md index 3bc9e5a4a6..8ad313ec85 100644 --- a/psa/086/017.md +++ b/psa/086/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # be put to shame This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will be ashamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/086/intro.md b/psa/086/intro.md index 11f9783c84..04c6267b86 100644 --- a/psa/086/intro.md +++ b/psa/086/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 086 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 86 is a deliverance psalm. He is praying for deliverance from his many enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's help -#### Yahweh's help God has blessed the psalmist and is so loving to him. He has been one of God's servants. Now he needs God to save him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God has blessed the psalmist and is so loving to him. He has been one of God's s * __[Psalms 86:1](../../psa/086/001.md)__ __[<<](../085/intro.md) | [>>](../087/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/087/001.md b/psa/087/001.md index 05e6d957e6..3c9777dcb0 100644 --- a/psa/087/001.md +++ b/psa/087/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of the sons of Korah; a song This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) - diff --git a/psa/087/002.md b/psa/087/002.md index 1f6ad9d86a..e8ee557c82 100644 --- a/psa/087/002.md +++ b/psa/087/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "gates of Zion" represents the entire city of Jerusalem. Alternate translat # all the tents of Jacob The people lived in tents while they wandered in the desert. Here the writer uses "tents of Jacob" to represent where the Israelites live now. Alternate translation: "any of the other dwelling places of the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/087/003.md b/psa/087/003.md index 5ebcd470e0..b1ad1d7da7 100644 --- a/psa/087/003.md +++ b/psa/087/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Glorious things are said of you, city of God The writer speaks to the city of Jerusalem as if it were listening to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You people in Jerusalem, other people say wonderful things about your city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/087/004.md b/psa/087/004.md index 7e192d0609..fd8ed3dd8e 100644 --- a/psa/087/004.md +++ b/psa/087/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "Rahab" is a poetic way of referring to Egypt. Both "Rahab" and "Babylon" r # This one was born there "This one" refers to the people from the nations that the writer mentions. Although they were not physically born in Zion, those who follow God are natives of Jerusalem spiritually. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/087/005.md b/psa/087/005.md index f19a5d921a..2113a8970d 100644 --- a/psa/087/005.md +++ b/psa/087/005.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The writer uses the reflexive pronoun "himself" to emphasize that it is the Most # will establish her "will make Jerusalem strong" - diff --git a/psa/087/006.md b/psa/087/006.md index df91c38d11..63937af199 100644 --- a/psa/087/006.md +++ b/psa/087/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh acknowledging that the people from other nations belong to him is spoken # This one was born there "This one" refers to the people from the nations that the writer mentions. Although they were not physically born in Zion, those who follow God are natives of Jerusalem spiritually. See how you translated this in [Psalms 87:4](../087/004.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/087/007.md b/psa/087/007.md index a03a60598b..676df1eb1a 100644 --- a/psa/087/007.md +++ b/psa/087/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All my fountains are in you Jerusalem being a place where people receive all their blessings is spoken of as if Jerusalem were a spring that provided water to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/087/intro.md b/psa/087/intro.md index 3dab2b2967..95910012d5 100644 --- a/psa/087/intro.md +++ b/psa/087/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 087 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 87 is a psalm about Jerusalem. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Pride -#### Pride People will be proud to have been born in Jerusalem. -#### Psalms about Jerusalem +### Psalms about Jerusalem -Psalm 46, 48, and 76 are part of a group of psalms that celebrate Jerusalem. +Psalm 46, 48, and 76 are part of a group of psalms that celebrate Jerusalem. ## Links: * __[Psalms 87:1](../../psa/087/001.md)__ __[<<](../086/intro.md) | [>>](../088/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/088/001.md b/psa/088/001.md index cc7cee100b..2039b796e9 100644 --- a/psa/088/001.md +++ b/psa/088/001.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "y # day and night The writer uses these words with opposite meanings to say that he cries out continually. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/002.md b/psa/088/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/088/002.md +++ b/psa/088/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/088/003.md b/psa/088/003.md index 506eb42089..79f19f12a2 100644 --- a/psa/088/003.md +++ b/psa/088/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of himself as if he were a container and troubles are the cont # my life has reached Sheol Here "life" represents the writer. And "Sheol" represents death. The writer speaks about himself possibly dying soon as if Sheol were a place and he has arrived at that place. Alternate translation: "I am about to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/004.md b/psa/088/004.md index 67b7f08759..df0422b6cc 100644 --- a/psa/088/004.md +++ b/psa/088/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # People treat me like those who go down into the pit The word "pit" means the same as "Sheol." The phrase "go down into the pit" represents dying. Alternate translation: "people treat me like I have already died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/005.md b/psa/088/005.md index 460e2ca54e..18a10c4234 100644 --- a/psa/088/005.md +++ b/psa/088/005.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The writer feeling like people and God have abandoned him speaks about himself a # they are cut off from your power God no longer using his power to help dead people is spoken of as if God literally cut him off or removed him from his power. Alternate translation: "you no longer use your power to help them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/006.md b/psa/088/006.md index 5f039eeaf7..6f5f6de262 100644 --- a/psa/088/006.md +++ b/psa/088/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You place me in the lowest part of the pit, in the dark and deep places The writer feeling like God has abandoned him speaks about himself as if God has put the him in the deepest and darkest grave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/007.md b/psa/088/007.md index d68594170f..66132b0040 100644 --- a/psa/088/007.md +++ b/psa/088/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This speaks about God being very angry with the writer as if God's wrath were a # all your waves crash over me This speaks about God being very angry with the writer as if God's anger were large waves rising up from the sea then landing on the writer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/008.md b/psa/088/008.md index 44ffa87e7b..3de6de3eae 100644 --- a/psa/088/008.md +++ b/psa/088/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "abomination" here is a hyperbolic metaphor. The psalmist's friends fi # I am hemmed in The writer's physical condition that makes him repulsive to his friends is spoken of as if he were in closed into a confining space. Alternate translation: "It is as though I were in a prison" or "I am trapped" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/009.md b/psa/088/009.md index 993d3ba473..578d2d3ac5 100644 --- a/psa/088/009.md +++ b/psa/088/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "eyes" represents a person's ability to see. For his eyes to grow weary fro # I spread out my hands to you "I lift up my hands to you." This is an action that shows that he totally depends on God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/010.md b/psa/088/010.md index 8f729166f4..3257bdf38e 100644 --- a/psa/088/010.md +++ b/psa/088/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses a question to emphasize that if God lets him die then God will n # Will those who have died rise and praise you? The writer uses a question to emphasize that if God lets him die then he will not be able to praise God any longer. Alternate translation: "You know that those who have died will not stand up and praise you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/011.md b/psa/088/011.md index 29300b1fac..3d814383e0 100644 --- a/psa/088/011.md +++ b/psa/088/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These represent the place where people go after they die. # your faithfulness in the place of the dead? This can be translated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "Will your faithfulness be proclaimed in the place of the dead?" or "Those who are dead will not proclaim your faithfulness." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/012.md b/psa/088/012.md index 15eecc6b67..bfe15fc316 100644 --- a/psa/088/012.md +++ b/psa/088/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both questions mean the same thing. The writer uses questions to emphasize that # or your righteousness in the place of forgetfulness? This can be translated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "Will your righteousness be known in the place of forgetfulness?" or "Those who are in the place of forgetfulness will not know about the righteous things you do." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/013.md b/psa/088/013.md index be71afab2d..e0f193390a 100644 --- a/psa/088/013.md +++ b/psa/088/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my prayer comes before you The writer praying to Yahweh is spoken of as if the prayer itself goes to speak with Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/014.md b/psa/088/014.md index 0267b67e7c..a8ecef00cf 100644 --- a/psa/088/014.md +++ b/psa/088/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Why do you hide your face from me? This speaks of the writer feeling like God has rejected or abandoned him as if God were hiding his face or physically turning away from the writer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/015.md b/psa/088/015.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/088/015.md +++ b/psa/088/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/088/016.md b/psa/088/016.md index 4b0999174e..00051e4fd7 100644 --- a/psa/088/016.md +++ b/psa/088/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "burning anger" is a metonym for the deeds that God did because he wa # your terrifying deeds have annihilated me This exaggeration speaks about God punishing the writer as if God has completely destroyed the writer. Alternate translation: "the terrifying things you do have destroyed me" or "the terrifying things you do have almost destroyed me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/017.md b/psa/088/017.md index 9dd89b9ae0..8746b652fb 100644 --- a/psa/088/017.md +++ b/psa/088/017.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "They" refers to God's "angry actions" and "terrifying deeds" from the # they have all encircled me The writer speaks of God's "angry actions" and "terrifying deeds" as if they were enemies who were trying to capture and kill him. Alternate translation: "they have surrounded me like enemy soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/018.md b/psa/088/018.md index e64c82b53c..303f083d72 100644 --- a/psa/088/018.md +++ b/psa/088/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # My only acquaintance is the darkness This speaks about darkness as if it were a person that could be friends with someone else. The writer is emphasizing that he feels completely alone. Alternate translation: "Everywhere I go it is dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/088/intro.md b/psa/088/intro.md index 1f8e7c6b8d..b66fc95a2b 100644 --- a/psa/088/intro.md +++ b/psa/088/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 088 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 88 is a psalm of deliverance from sickness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Abandon +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Abandon + Ever since he was a child, the psalmist has been sick, and now all his friends have abandoned him. If he dies he cannot testify about God's healing. ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Ever since he was a child, the psalmist has been sick, and now all his friends h * __[Psalms 88:1](../../psa/088/001.md)__ __[<<](../087/intro.md) | [>>](../089/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/089/001.md b/psa/089/001.md index 42dabc229e..9089e3affd 100644 --- a/psa/089/001.md +++ b/psa/089/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of the writer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # acts of covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "faithful acts" or "loving acts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/002.md b/psa/089/002.md index 6754874af8..96f8d2e99d 100644 --- a/psa/089/002.md +++ b/psa/089/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God always doing what he promised to do is spoken of as if his faithfulness were # in the heavens These words could refer to 1) God's dwelling place, meaning that God rules from heaven and he always does what he promises, or 2) the sky, meaning that God's promises are as constant and permanent as the sky . - diff --git a/psa/089/003.md b/psa/089/003.md index 68f712463a..6174468c6d 100644 --- a/psa/089/003.md +++ b/psa/089/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can make explicit that "chosen one" refers to David. Alternate translation: # I have made Yahweh is speaking in 89:3-4. - diff --git a/psa/089/004.md b/psa/089/004.md index 0b16f22254..b0300f2b51 100644 --- a/psa/089/004.md +++ b/psa/089/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh always causing one of David's descendants to be king is spoken of as if D # I will establish your throne through all generations Here "throne" represents the power to rule as king. The psalmist speaks of God promising that one of David's descendants will always rule as king as if God will build David's throne and make it firm. Alternate translation: "I will make sure that one of your descendants will rule as king over every generation of my people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/005.md b/psa/089/005.md index 2d735a7644..50cd08dec5 100644 --- a/psa/089/005.md +++ b/psa/089/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun "truthfulness" can be stated as "you always do what you promis # the assembly of the holy ones This refers to the angels in heaven. - diff --git a/psa/089/006.md b/psa/089/006.md index a076c2bcd0..fb7060ae95 100644 --- a/psa/089/006.md +++ b/psa/089/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both questions mean the same thing. The writer is using question to emphasize th # sons of the gods Here "sons of" means having the characteristics of. This is a way of referring to other spiritual beings that live in heaven. Alternate translation: "angels" or "divine beings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/007.md b/psa/089/007.md index 3503bd2c91..0e9155d74e 100644 --- a/psa/089/007.md +++ b/psa/089/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The council of the ho # the council of the holy ones "the gathering of heavenly beings" or "the gathering of angels" - diff --git a/psa/089/008.md b/psa/089/008.md index 82995a3b65..4d42ea0919 100644 --- a/psa/089/008.md +++ b/psa/089/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer asks the question to emphasize there is no one as strong as Yahweh. ( # Your truthfulness surrounds you Yahweh always dong what he promises to do is spoken of as if his truthfulness were a cloak or garment that wraps around him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/009.md b/psa/089/009.md index 3a2df51a14..4153ecb50b 100644 --- a/psa/089/009.md +++ b/psa/089/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You rule the raging sea "You control the raging sea" - diff --git a/psa/089/010.md b/psa/089/010.md index d5ae9a5439..db5abf8caa 100644 --- a/psa/089/010.md +++ b/psa/089/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Rahab" here refers to a monster of the sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # with your strong arm Here "arm" represents power. Alternate translation: "with your great power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/011.md b/psa/089/011.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/089/011.md +++ b/psa/089/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/089/012.md b/psa/089/012.md index 7827f6fb8c..a0e1f0e04e 100644 --- a/psa/089/012.md +++ b/psa/089/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Tabor is a mountain southwest of the sea of Galilee and Hermon is a mountain nor # in your name Here "name" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "in you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/013.md b/psa/089/013.md index ef020b8894..189ab4f5e2 100644 --- a/psa/089/013.md +++ b/psa/089/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "mighty arm," "strong hand," and "right hand" all represent God's powe # right hand is high To raise the right hand high into the air is a gesture that indicates power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/014.md b/psa/089/014.md index 23d5bfa9cf..7bc840810b 100644 --- a/psa/089/014.md +++ b/psa/089/014.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The throne represents God's rule as king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metony # Steadfast love and faithfulness come before you The abstract nouns "love" and "faithfulness" are spoken of as if they come and meet with God. Alternate translation: "You are always faithful to your covenant and are worthy of people trusting you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/015.md b/psa/089/015.md index 39de9d7d0d..dfde8cfc58 100644 --- a/psa/089/015.md +++ b/psa/089/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here people living their lives is spoken of as if they were walking. Alternate t # in the light of your face The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably towards them as if Yahweh's face shone a light on them. Alternate translation: "knowing that you act favorably towards them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/016.md b/psa/089/016.md index cb8eb6cc77..9e5c44e791 100644 --- a/psa/089/016.md +++ b/psa/089/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" represents the person. Alternate translation: "in you" (See: [[rc:// # in your righteousness they exalt you The abstract noun "righteousness" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "they exalt you because you always do what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/017.md b/psa/089/017.md index cc4159623d..44ce956ddc 100644 --- a/psa/089/017.md +++ b/psa/089/017.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This metaphor speaks of the Israelites winning a battle as if they were a wild o # our horn Here "our" refers to the writer and the Israelites but not to Yahweh, to whom he speaks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/018.md b/psa/089/018.md index 26aa50624e..3467cc39f1 100644 --- a/psa/089/018.md +++ b/psa/089/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For our shield belongs to Yahweh The king who protects his people and whom Yahweh chose is spoken of as if he were a shield that belongs to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/019.md b/psa/089/019.md index f701e11b89..04b90e9799 100644 --- a/psa/089/019.md +++ b/psa/089/019.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Some Bible translations have "given strength to a mighty one" or "helped a might # I have raised up one chosen from among the people Here "raised up" means appointed. It is implied that God chose this person to be king. Alternate translation: "I have chosen one from among the people to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/020.md b/psa/089/020.md index 569fc443c0..3d0988c4d9 100644 --- a/psa/089/020.md +++ b/psa/089/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with my holy oil have I anointed him Here to pour oil on someone's head is a sign that God is appointing the person to be king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/021.md b/psa/089/021.md index 9468531c55..14cbdb42c5 100644 --- a/psa/089/021.md +++ b/psa/089/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My hand will support him; my arm will strengthen him Here "hand" and "arm" both means the power and control of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "I will support him and make him strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/022.md b/psa/089/022.md index 6976fbe216..c23cacf977 100644 --- a/psa/089/022.md +++ b/psa/089/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # son of wickedness The writer refers to those who have the nature or character of wickedness as "sons of wickedness." Alternate translation: "wicked person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/023.md b/psa/089/023.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/089/023.md +++ b/psa/089/023.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/089/024.md b/psa/089/024.md index 17b7a2d6a9..cbf9cf29a1 100644 --- a/psa/089/024.md +++ b/psa/089/024.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ Here "name" represents God' power. Alternate translation: "I, God, will cause hi # his horn will be exalted -This metaphor speaks of David winning a battle as if he were a wild ox that has defeated an enemy. See how you translated similar words in [Psalm 89:17](../089/017.md) Alternate translation: "he wins the battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) \ No newline at end of file +This metaphor speaks of David winning a battle as if he were a wild ox that has defeated an enemy. See how you translated similar words in [Psalm 89:17](../089/017.md) Alternate translation: "he wins the battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/psa/089/025.md b/psa/089/025.md index 78f7427e82..be76253c81 100644 --- a/psa/089/025.md +++ b/psa/089/025.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will place his hand over the sea and his right hand over the rivers Here "hand" and "right hand" represent power and authority. Here "the sea" seems to refer to the Mediterranean Sea west of Israel, and "rivers" refers to the Euphrates river in the east. This means David will have authority over everything from the sea to the river. Alternate translation: "I will give him authority over everything from the Mediterranean sea to the Euphrates river" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/026.md b/psa/089/026.md index 43c2dd6ff2..19863baba8 100644 --- a/psa/089/026.md +++ b/psa/089/026.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotati # the rock of my salvation Yahweh protecting and saving David is spoken of as if Yahweh were a high rock that David could stand on top of for protection from enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/027.md b/psa/089/027.md index 9227882b39..a4ad5a690b 100644 --- a/psa/089/027.md +++ b/psa/089/027.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh continues speaking about David. # I also will place him as my firstborn son Yahweh giving David special rank and privileges over all other people is spoken of as if David would be Yahweh's firstborn son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/028.md b/psa/089/028.md index ce6ba7ff6c..995537d373 100644 --- a/psa/089/028.md +++ b/psa/089/028.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will extend my covenant faithfulness to him forever Yahweh speaks of continuing to act faithfully towards David is spoken of as if Yahweh's covenant faithfulness were an object that he extends or makes longer. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adverb. Alternate translation: "I will continue to act faithfully towards him forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/029.md b/psa/089/029.md index 8eece75124..dd47eb9165 100644 --- a/psa/089/029.md +++ b/psa/089/029.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Someone from David's family always ruling as king is spoken of as if his his thr # his throne Here "throne" represents the power to rule as king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/030.md b/psa/089/030.md index 9bb1551740..1f0e3e4b2f 100644 --- a/psa/089/030.md +++ b/psa/089/030.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his children "David's descendants" - diff --git a/psa/089/031.md b/psa/089/031.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/089/031.md +++ b/psa/089/031.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/089/032.md b/psa/089/032.md index c6afc10729..c104ed9e1b 100644 --- a/psa/089/032.md +++ b/psa/089/032.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God punishing David's descendants is spoken of as if he would hit them with a ro # their iniquity with blows God punishing David's descendants is spoken of as if God would literally hit them. This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "I will punish them because they sinned against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/033.md b/psa/089/033.md index d0d9c12af3..fd7a6e3fd7 100644 --- a/psa/089/033.md +++ b/psa/089/033.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will not remove my steadfast love from him or be unfaithful to my promise This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I will always love David, and I will do what I promised to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/034.md b/psa/089/034.md index e8feeb6c75..0d44583656 100644 --- a/psa/089/034.md +++ b/psa/089/034.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the words of my lips Here "lips" represent the whole mouth and the person speaking. Alternate translation: "what I said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/035.md b/psa/089/035.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/089/035.md +++ b/psa/089/035.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/089/036.md b/psa/089/036.md index ae034b38f7..61d38e92e8 100644 --- a/psa/089/036.md +++ b/psa/089/036.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "throne" represents the power to rule as king. God is promising that one of # as long as the sun before me God compares David's rule as king to the sun to emphasize that someone from David's descendants will always rule as king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/037.md b/psa/089/037.md index 0442bb4037..a3a2a73713 100644 --- a/psa/089/037.md +++ b/psa/089/037.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God compares David's rule as king to the moon to emphasize that someone from Dav # the moon, the faithful witness in the sky The moon is spoken of as if it were a person who witnesses God making this promise to David. Alternate translation: "the moon, which is like a faithful witness in the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/038.md b/psa/089/038.md index 07e8dc7456..28feaf0c12 100644 --- a/psa/089/038.md +++ b/psa/089/038.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "the king" are understood. Alternate translation: "you have refused an # with your anointed king "with the king you chose" - diff --git a/psa/089/039.md b/psa/089/039.md index 3c754e8094..95378a0719 100644 --- a/psa/089/039.md +++ b/psa/089/039.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To push down into the ground or dust is a sign of great humiliation. Alternate t # his crown This represents the king's power as king and his right to rule. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/040.md b/psa/089/040.md index 659e937342..06e4da7a51 100644 --- a/psa/089/040.md +++ b/psa/089/040.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have broken down all his walls. You have ruined his strongholds This implies that God allowed enemies to destroy the defenses at Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "You have allowed enemies to break down his walls and ruin his strongholds in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/041.md b/psa/089/041.md index 58a4fdf8b4..cc1cf5ce03 100644 --- a/psa/089/041.md +++ b/psa/089/041.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "scorn" may be translated using a verb. The metonymy speaks of # his neighbors Here "neighbors" means people of nearby nations. - diff --git a/psa/089/042.md b/psa/089/042.md index 3bf18c6865..8eb1738455 100644 --- a/psa/089/042.md +++ b/psa/089/042.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # raised the right hand of his enemies Here "right hand" represents power. To "raise the right hand" means that Yahweh has made his enemies strong enough to defeat God's chosen king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/043.md b/psa/089/043.md index 68ee21c0a5..60eb87a80d 100644 --- a/psa/089/043.md +++ b/psa/089/043.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "edge" represents the whole sword. Alternate translation: "his sword" (See: # have not made him stand when in battle Here "stand" represents being victorious in battle. Alternate translation: "You have not helped him to be victorious in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/044.md b/psa/089/044.md index cdd8041cd8..75d825c1c4 100644 --- a/psa/089/044.md +++ b/psa/089/044.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you have brought down his throne to the ground Here "throne" represents the power to rule as king. Alternate translation: "you, Yahweh, have ended his reign as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/045.md b/psa/089/045.md index 2dbf712155..4ada985e72 100644 --- a/psa/089/045.md +++ b/psa/089/045.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a way of saying God made the king seem old even while he was still young # covered him with shame Yahweh completely humiliating the king is spoken of as if shame were a garment that God used to cover the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/046.md b/psa/089/046.md index 3a182f8a13..0f95e09dbd 100644 --- a/psa/089/046.md +++ b/psa/089/046.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer uses a question to emphasize that he does not want God to remain angr # your anger burn like fire God being very angry is spoken of as if his anger were a hot fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/047.md b/psa/089/047.md index 278b6f63e7..2a677ecfd3 100644 --- a/psa/089/047.md +++ b/psa/089/047.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "vanity" can be stated as "short life." Alternate translation: # the children of mankind This refers to humans in general. Alternate translation: "humans" or "people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-gendernotations]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/048.md b/psa/089/048.md index f86fe26342..6fe0f81edc 100644 --- a/psa/089/048.md +++ b/psa/089/048.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses these questions to emphasize that all people will die. Alternate # rescue his own life from the hand of Sheol Here "hand" refers to power. The writer speaks of Sheol as if it were a person who has power over those who die. Possible meanings are 1) a person cannot bring himself back to life after dying or 2) a person cannot keep himself from dying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/049.md b/psa/089/049.md index 793f5c95af..a4ffb82829 100644 --- a/psa/089/049.md +++ b/psa/089/049.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses a question to request the Lord to be faithful to his covenant wi # your former acts of covenant faithfulness The abstract nouns "acts" and "faithfulness" can be translated with a verb and an adverb. Alternate translation: "the things that you did before that showed that you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/050.md b/psa/089/050.md index 7e84e1755f..efbd65b6e3 100644 --- a/psa/089/050.md +++ b/psa/089/050.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" represents the person's emotions. Alternate translation: "I endure # from the nations Here "nations" represents the people of the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/051.md b/psa/089/051.md index 4bb0e57e14..bcb4575297 100644 --- a/psa/089/051.md +++ b/psa/089/051.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The enemies shouting insults at the king is spoken of as if insults were an obje # they mock the footsteps of your anointed one Here "footsteps" represents where the king goes. Alternate translation: "they mock your anointed one wherever he goes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/089/052.md b/psa/089/052.md index ef03a8d4d0..b68c511cb6 100644 --- a/psa/089/052.md +++ b/psa/089/052.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May people praise Yah # Amen and Amen The word "Amen" is repeated to emphasize approval of what has been said. See how you translated this in [Psalms 41:13](../041/013.md). - diff --git a/psa/089/intro.md b/psa/089/intro.md index 91a05cf53d..89437eb919 100644 --- a/psa/089/intro.md +++ b/psa/089/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Psalm 089 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 89 is a worship and a deliverance psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's promises -#### Yahweh's promises God is mighty and has promised David an eternal kingdom. But now that kingdom is being destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) -#### Parallelism +### Parallelism + This psalm exhibits the kind of parallelism where the second line often emphasizes the first line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) + ## Links: * __[Psalms 89:1](../../psa/089/001.md)__ __[<<](../088/intro.md) | [>>](../090/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/090/001.md b/psa/090/001.md index 3f8cac3fd6..05aa10ece1 100644 --- a/psa/090/001.md +++ b/psa/090/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God protecting his people is spoken of as if God were a refuge or shelter. Alter # throughout all generations "always" - diff --git a/psa/090/002.md b/psa/090/002.md index 31dd277503..0ffc789e3f 100644 --- a/psa/090/002.md +++ b/psa/090/002.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This represents everything that is in the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # from everlasting to everlasting This phrase represents all time past, present, and future. - diff --git a/psa/090/003.md b/psa/090/003.md index 31dd468c4f..5e49bf15ca 100644 --- a/psa/090/003.md +++ b/psa/090/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "to dust" or "to soil" are understood. Alternate translation: "Return # you descendants of mankind This is a way of referring to humans in general. Alternate translation: "you humans" or "you people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/004.md b/psa/090/004.md index b8d8462068..af430988fe 100644 --- a/psa/090/004.md +++ b/psa/090/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer means that a long period of time seems like a short period of time to # in your sight Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/005.md b/psa/090/005.md index 15a312a63d..6b9f1ee4e7 100644 --- a/psa/090/005.md +++ b/psa/090/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God causing people to die suddenly is spoken of as if he swept them away with a # they sleep This is a polite way of speaking of people dying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/006.md b/psa/090/006.md index 9d844a822d..5c215f1877 100644 --- a/psa/090/006.md +++ b/psa/090/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Both of these phrases refer to how the grass grows. Alternate translation: "it b # it withers and dries up Both of these phrases refer to how the grass dies. Alternate translation: "it fades and dries up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/007.md b/psa/090/007.md index 7443ec4768..9d21d25e14 100644 --- a/psa/090/007.md +++ b/psa/090/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God destroying people in his anger is spoken of as if God's anger were a fire th # in your wrath we are terrified "when you are angry we are greatly afraid" - diff --git a/psa/090/008.md b/psa/090/008.md index 9077f981a4..fb0856fd82 100644 --- a/psa/090/008.md +++ b/psa/090/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You have set our iniquities before you, our hidden sins in the light of your presence God considering people's sins is spoken of as if sins were an objects he could place in front of himself and look at them. Alternate translation: "You see every sinful thing we do, even the sinful things we do in secret" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/009.md b/psa/090/009.md index b89f382fdc..7450744ed4 100644 --- a/psa/090/009.md +++ b/psa/090/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "because" can be used to make clear that God's wrath causes human life # like a sigh The writer compares human life to a sigh to emphasize that life is very brief. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/010.md b/psa/090/010.md index df9203b5f7..05b95652f6 100644 --- a/psa/090/010.md +++ b/psa/090/010.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Even in our best year # we fly away This is a polite way of referring to people dying. Alternate translation: "we die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/011.md b/psa/090/011.md index 36cc4b260a..e0578e671a 100644 --- a/psa/090/011.md +++ b/psa/090/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who knows the power of your anger, and your wrath that is equal to the fear of you? The writer uses a question to emphasize that no one has fully experienced God anger. Therefore no one truly reveres God and fears his anger when people sin. Alternate translation: "No one knows the power of your anger. Therefore no one fears your wrath when they sin." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/012.md b/psa/090/012.md index e1eee7979f..d801d082bb 100644 --- a/psa/090/012.md +++ b/psa/090/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we might gain a heart of wisdom The word "heart" is a metonym for the person's thoughts and feelings. Alternate translation: "we might want to be wise and act wisely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/013.md b/psa/090/013.md index dd26bba962..4c04e01700 100644 --- a/psa/090/013.md +++ b/psa/090/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer uses a question to state that he wants God to stop being angry. (See: # Have pity on your servants Here "your servants" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "Be merciful to us, your servants" - diff --git a/psa/090/014.md b/psa/090/014.md index 4b0d888c94..6ed39413a8 100644 --- a/psa/090/014.md +++ b/psa/090/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with your covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "by being faithful because of your covenant with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/015.md b/psa/090/015.md index 1d286437b2..ff471e5bb0 100644 --- a/psa/090/015.md +++ b/psa/090/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in proportion to the days you afflicted us and to the years we have experienced trouble Both of these phrases mean the same thing. The writer is asking Yahweh to make them happy for the same amount of time he punished them. Alternate translation: "for the same amount of time that you afflicted us and caused us to suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/016.md b/psa/090/016.md index cc2e76eb29..d9bad0ccce 100644 --- a/psa/090/016.md +++ b/psa/090/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "children" means children and descendants. # see your majesty The abstract noun "majesty" can be stated as "great things." Alternate translation: "see the great things you do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/017.md b/psa/090/017.md index d65e794c89..61bcd34097 100644 --- a/psa/090/017.md +++ b/psa/090/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "favor" can be stated as "be kind." Alternate translation: "Ma # prosper the work of our hands Here "hands" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "cause us to be successful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/090/intro.md b/psa/090/intro.md index 369353cb9f..c22309c27d 100644 --- a/psa/090/intro.md +++ b/psa/090/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 090 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm is a wisdom psalm. God is eternal but a human's life is short. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Life's shortness -#### Life's shortness Because life is so short, people need to spend it as God wants them to spend it. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Because life is so short, people need to spend it as God wants them to spend it. * __[Psalms 90:1](../../psa/090/001.md)__ __[<<](../089/intro.md) | [>>](../091/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/091/001.md b/psa/091/001.md index 16656ed5e4..0ccb11be5f 100644 --- a/psa/091/001.md +++ b/psa/091/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "shadow" here is a metaphor for protection. Alternate translation: "wil # the Almighty the one who has power and control over everything. See how this was translated in [Psalms 68:14](../068/014.md) - diff --git a/psa/091/002.md b/psa/091/002.md index f1d61e9890..e03f940533 100644 --- a/psa/091/002.md +++ b/psa/091/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my refuge and my fortress A "refuge" is any place a person can go and have someone or something protect him. A "fortress" is something that people make so they can protect themselves and their property. Asaph uses them here as metaphors for protection. Alternate translation: "the one to whom I can go and he will protect me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/091/003.md b/psa/091/003.md index 1e8738a11d..d9d93eaa27 100644 --- a/psa/091/003.md +++ b/psa/091/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ deadly # the snare of the hunter "from the snare that the hunter has set to catch you" - diff --git a/psa/091/004.md b/psa/091/004.md index 2d62718348..607787fe0b 100644 --- a/psa/091/004.md +++ b/psa/091/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God's faithfulness is here referred to as a "shield" which can protect people wh # protection No one knows for sure what this word means. Possible meanings are 1) a small shield strapped to the forearm that soldiers used to defend themselves against arrows and swords or 2) a wall of stones set in a circle inside which soldiers could hide and shoot arrows. - diff --git a/psa/091/005.md b/psa/091/005.md index 540a89fff1..7e8638fd25 100644 --- a/psa/091/005.md +++ b/psa/091/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases taken together refer to all possible times of night and day. ( # the arrow that flies by day "Arrow" here is a metonym for the people who shoot the arrows. Alternate translation: "people attacking you with arrows during the day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/091/006.md b/psa/091/006.md index a5f2102e13..9a61d05df2 100644 --- a/psa/091/006.md +++ b/psa/091/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases taken together refer to all possible times of night and day. ( # plague an illness that makes many people ill at the same time - diff --git a/psa/091/007.md b/psa/091/007.md index f0290fb8df..7b442b7d1e 100644 --- a/psa/091/007.md +++ b/psa/091/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it will not reach you "the evil will not harm you" - diff --git a/psa/091/008.md b/psa/091/008.md index 555f53cb1c..d4683b670d 100644 --- a/psa/091/008.md +++ b/psa/091/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the punishment of the wicked The abstract noun "punishment" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "how God punishes the wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/091/009.md b/psa/091/009.md index a71e93213a..c70c7dde8f 100644 --- a/psa/091/009.md +++ b/psa/091/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh protecting him as if Yahweh were a safe place for hi # Make the Most High your refuge also "You should make the Most High your refuge also." The psalmist stops speaking to God and speaks to the reader. - diff --git a/psa/091/010.md b/psa/091/010.md index d9dca77fa5..a911b06e2a 100644 --- a/psa/091/010.md +++ b/psa/091/010.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ The psalmist speaks of people who afflict others as though they were the harm th # tent -This is an idiom. The Israelites were living in solid houses when this was written. Alternate translation: "home" (See [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/idiom]]) \ No newline at end of file +This is an idiom. The Israelites were living in solid houses when this was written. Alternate translation: "home" (See [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/idiom]]) diff --git a/psa/091/011.md b/psa/091/011.md index 1c670dc60d..de5ad2418f 100644 --- a/psa/091/011.md +++ b/psa/091/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in all your ways The psalmist speaks of the way a person lives his life as if it were a path down which the person walked. Alternate translation: "in everything you do" or "at all times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/091/012.md b/psa/091/012.md index d2fcc5fcbb..69c48c77be 100644 --- a/psa/091/012.md +++ b/psa/091/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you will not hit your foot on a stone The angels will protect not only the reader's foot but the rest of his body as well. The words "not ... hit your foot on a stone" is an exaggerated metonym to say that not even small bad things will happen. This should probably not be taken as a promise that no bad things will ever happen again. Alternate translation: "you will not even hit your foot on a stone" or "not even the smallest bad thing will happen to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/091/013.md b/psa/091/013.md index 69d5dc6754..367673694e 100644 --- a/psa/091/013.md +++ b/psa/091/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ types of poisonous snake. # trample crush by walking heavily on - diff --git a/psa/091/014.md b/psa/091/014.md index e08581dc71..8ba92d1757 100644 --- a/psa/091/014.md +++ b/psa/091/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he acknowledges my name "he is loyal to me" or "he considers me holy" - diff --git a/psa/091/015.md b/psa/091/015.md index d6334dfc9c..0074afd0c4 100644 --- a/psa/091/015.md +++ b/psa/091/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "I will be with him when he is # I will give him victory The abstract noun "victory" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "I will cause him to be victorious" or "I will enable him to defeat his enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/091/016.md b/psa/091/016.md index c82243687d..a29027505f 100644 --- a/psa/091/016.md +++ b/psa/091/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idiom "the length of his days" here refers to the duration of his life. It m # and show him my salvation "and I will show him my salvation." The psalmist speaks of the work God does to save people as if it were a physical object. Alternate translation: "I will save him so that he knows I am the one who saved him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/091/intro.md b/psa/091/intro.md index 3c673258c6..12703f7872 100644 --- a/psa/091/intro.md +++ b/psa/091/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 091 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 91 is a wisdom psalm. Those who depend on God are protected by him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Fear -#### Fear No matter what dangers befall a person, they do not need to fear. God is protecting them from all harm. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ No matter what dangers befall a person, they do not need to fear. God is protect * __[Psalms 91:1](../../psa/091/001.md)__ __[<<](../090/intro.md) | [>>](../092/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/092/001.md b/psa/092/001.md index ac02ad9d5d..6954102256 100644 --- a/psa/092/001.md +++ b/psa/092/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # to sing praises to your name The words "your name" are a metonym for "you." Alternate translation: "to sing praises to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/002.md b/psa/092/002.md index 6fcb05f6dd..59cb95f501 100644 --- a/psa/092/002.md +++ b/psa/092/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with the adjective "faithful. # your truthfulness every night The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. The abstract noun "truthfulness" can be translated with the adjective "true." Alternate translation: "proclaim every night that everything you say is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/003.md b/psa/092/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/092/003.md +++ b/psa/092/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/092/004.md b/psa/092/004.md index fdd6e923fd..dfb8a869ab 100644 --- a/psa/092/004.md +++ b/psa/092/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract noun phrase "the deeds of your hands" can be translated with the re # your deeds The abstract noun phrase "your deeds" can be translated with a relative clause. Alternate translation: "what you have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/005.md b/psa/092/005.md index 6a1c0da78b..0762669eae 100644 --- a/psa/092/005.md +++ b/psa/092/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Your thoughts The abstract noun phrase "your thoughts" can be translated with a relative clause. Alternate translation: "What you think" or "What you plan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/006.md b/psa/092/006.md index c2ebebb63e..8e915d7f0c 100644 --- a/psa/092/006.md +++ b/psa/092/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # brutish animal-like - diff --git a/psa/092/007.md b/psa/092/007.md index 1d492cb15b..599b3725fe 100644 --- a/psa/092/007.md +++ b/psa/092/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This compares evil people to grass, which grows quickly and in many places. Alte # they are doomed to eternal destruction This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has decided that he will destroy them completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/008.md b/psa/092/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/092/008.md +++ b/psa/092/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/092/009.md b/psa/092/009.md index 16d0612069..a53fffad57 100644 --- a/psa/092/009.md +++ b/psa/092/009.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Many texts read, "have been scattered." # be scattered "driven away" - diff --git a/psa/092/010.md b/psa/092/010.md index bfef0dd82d..06a32a8be2 100644 --- a/psa/092/010.md +++ b/psa/092/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of God as if he had made him as strong as a wild animal. Her # I am anointed with fresh oil Possible meanings are that the oil that God has put on the psalmist is a metaphor for God 1) making him happy "you have made me very happy" or 2) making him strong, "you have made me strong" or 3) enabling him to defeat his enemies, "you have enabled me to defeat my enemies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/011.md b/psa/092/011.md index b6337a6a30..c5faa13021 100644 --- a/psa/092/011.md +++ b/psa/092/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My eyes have seen the downfall of my enemies; my ears have heard of the doom of my evil foes The words "eyes" and "ears" are synecdoches for the person who sees and hears. The lines may be combined. Alternate translation: "I have seen and heard of the defeat of my evil enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/012.md b/psa/092/012.md index 8b03e01923..5f32418fe8 100644 --- a/psa/092/012.md +++ b/psa/092/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that righteous people will be like a healthy palm tree bec # they will grow like a cedar in Lebanon Possible meanings are that righteous people will be like a healthy cedar tree growing in the land of Lebanon because 1) they will be strong or 2) people will honor them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/013.md b/psa/092/013.md index 1a8ded4ae6..d2c97ec069 100644 --- a/psa/092/013.md +++ b/psa/092/013.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of righteous people as if they were healthy trees. Alternate # in the courts of our God in the courtyard of the temple in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/psa/092/014.md b/psa/092/014.md index 40ada2ec9b..c42bd610fe 100644 --- a/psa/092/014.md +++ b/psa/092/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of righteous people as if they were trees that produce food. # they stay fresh and green The psalmist speaks of righteous people as if they were trees. Alternate translation: "they remain strong and healthy" or "they always do what pleases God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/015.md b/psa/092/015.md index eef642510d..fecadbfd3d 100644 --- a/psa/092/015.md +++ b/psa/092/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words continue the thought begun by the words "they stay fresh and green" # He is my rock "Yahweh is the one who protects me." The psalmist speaks of Yahweh as if he were a rock that would protect him. See how this is translated in [Psalms 18:2](../018/002.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/092/intro.md b/psa/092/intro.md index a2096a0b15..c385aa7553 100644 --- a/psa/092/intro.md +++ b/psa/092/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 092 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 92 is a psalm of praise for God's kindness and faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Justice +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice + God causes evil people to be destroyed and good people to be happy and useful, even after they grow old. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ God causes evil people to be destroyed and good people to be happy and useful, e * __[Psalms 92:1](../../psa/092/001.md)__ __[<<](../091/intro.md) | [>>](../093/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/093/001.md b/psa/093/001.md index 2e317437cf..b086892e8b 100644 --- a/psa/093/001.md +++ b/psa/093/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You have firmly estab # it cannot be moved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one will ever move it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/093/002.md b/psa/093/002.md index 56fa9e4239..32bc46f681 100644 --- a/psa/093/002.md +++ b/psa/093/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You established your # you are from everlasting "you have always existed" - diff --git a/psa/093/003.md b/psa/093/003.md index 363f4e2476..ab68941003 100644 --- a/psa/093/003.md +++ b/psa/093/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of the ocean as if it were a person who could speak. Alterna # roar make a long, loud sound. - diff --git a/psa/093/004.md b/psa/093/004.md index ed45d84607..e8546e7a0f 100644 --- a/psa/093/004.md +++ b/psa/093/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ large waves coming to land # on high The psalmist speaks of where God lives as if it were high above the earth. Alternate translation: "in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/093/005.md b/psa/093/005.md index ff59067de5..70acb69975 100644 --- a/psa/093/005.md +++ b/psa/093/005.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to the temple in Jerusalem. # for the length of your days This idiom refers to the duration of God's life. Since God lives forever, it can also be translated as forever. Alternate translation: "for as long as you live" or "forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/093/intro.md b/psa/093/intro.md index 377c31c7a4..ca7cc8e443 100644 --- a/psa/093/intro.md +++ b/psa/093/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 093 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 93 is a worship psalm about the power of Yahweh. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's power -#### Yahweh's power Yahweh is all powerful; He even controls the ocean. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Yahweh is all powerful; He even controls the ocean. * __[Psalms 93:1](../../psa/093/001.md)__ __[<<](../092/intro.md) | [>>](../094/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/094/001.md b/psa/094/001.md index 5366db009d..b1f0899dd7 100644 --- a/psa/094/001.md +++ b/psa/094/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # shine over us Here "shine" is a metaphor for God revealing himself. Alternate translation: "show yourself" or "reveal your glory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/002.md b/psa/094/002.md index f12a8c3fe7..e1b3282c87 100644 --- a/psa/094/002.md +++ b/psa/094/002.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ The psalmist speaks of starting to do something as getting up. If your language # give recompense to the proud -"give to the proud what they deserve" or "punish people who are proud" \ No newline at end of file +"give to the proud what they deserve" or "punish people who are proud" diff --git a/psa/094/003.md b/psa/094/003.md index 23eefd2ff3..b91eb3afc4 100644 --- a/psa/094/003.md +++ b/psa/094/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist repeats the question to show that he is unhappy with how long Yahwe # will the wicked rejoice Why the wicked rejoice can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "will the wicked rejoice because you never punish them for the evil deeds they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/004.md b/psa/094/004.md index d6db3d9816..5f23149527 100644 --- a/psa/094/004.md +++ b/psa/094/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist writes of the wicked speaking as if their words were a liquid being # all those who behave wickedly boast The translation can make explicit that these people boast about their evil actions. Alternate translation: "all those who behave wickedly boast about their evil deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/005.md b/psa/094/005.md index f8ececfabb..b91860b776 100644 --- a/psa/094/005.md +++ b/psa/094/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the metaphor "heritage" refers to the nation of Israel. The nation is a met # They crush The psalmist speaks of powerful people treating powerless people badly as if it were crushing them or breaking them in pieces. See how "break in pieces" is translated in [Psalms 72:4](../072/004.md). Alternate translation: "They completely destroy" or "They greatly harm" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/006.md b/psa/094/006.md index 111bda6151..33f60ba99c 100644 --- a/psa/094/006.md +++ b/psa/094/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the fatherless "children without fathers" - diff --git a/psa/094/007.md b/psa/094/007.md index dd798327ce..0903a1ed9c 100644 --- a/psa/094/007.md +++ b/psa/094/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the God of Jacob does not take notice of it "the God of Israel does not see what we do" - diff --git a/psa/094/008.md b/psa/094/008.md index 496cabb90d..9a941c4347 100644 --- a/psa/094/008.md +++ b/psa/094/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer now instructs the wicked people. # when will you gain understanding? This rhetorical question emphasizes the anger of the writer with the wicked people he is speaking to. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "stop your foolish ways!" or "learn from your mistakes!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/009.md b/psa/094/009.md index 094bd014d7..0ac5f7935e 100644 --- a/psa/094/009.md +++ b/psa/094/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He who made the ear, does he not hear? He who formed the eye, does he not see? These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements or commands. Alternate translation: "God made ears, so he can hear. God made eyes, so he can see." or "God made ears, so stop acting as if he does not hear. God made eyes, so stop acting as if he does not see." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/010.md b/psa/094/010.md index 158ad3e7dc..34151f0ffe 100644 --- a/psa/094/010.md +++ b/psa/094/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question can be translated as a statement. It is implied that Yahweh correc # does he not correct This can be stated in positive form. Possible meanings are 1) God corrects. Alternate translation: "he corrects" or 2) God punishes. "he punishes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/011.md b/psa/094/011.md index b926f8ff13..0d28cf78a2 100644 --- a/psa/094/011.md +++ b/psa/094/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the thoughts of men are compared to vapor or steam that disappears into the # vapor "mist." See how this word is translated in [Psalms 39:11](../039/011.md) - diff --git a/psa/094/012.md b/psa/094/012.md index b4118c7445..f8f11fa7cd 100644 --- a/psa/094/012.md +++ b/psa/094/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Now the writer again talks to Yahweh. - diff --git a/psa/094/013.md b/psa/094/013.md index 9929335631..03dd24d5dd 100644 --- a/psa/094/013.md +++ b/psa/094/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until a pit is dug for the wicked The psalmist speaks of Yahweh's punishing the wicked as if Yahweh were trapping an animal in a pit. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until you dig a pit for the wicked" or "until you destroy the wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/014.md b/psa/094/014.md index df4d5a1041..d11a8c701d 100644 --- a/psa/094/014.md +++ b/psa/094/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his inheritance "those whom he has chosen to be with him forever" - diff --git a/psa/094/015.md b/psa/094/015.md index af51abb443..aedb4fff93 100644 --- a/psa/094/015.md +++ b/psa/094/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The adjective phrase "upright in heart" can be translated as a noun phrase. Alte # will follow it "will want the judges to judge righteously" - diff --git a/psa/094/016.md b/psa/094/016.md index 7ab57dacd0..35ab63a414 100644 --- a/psa/094/016.md +++ b/psa/094/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who will rise up to defend me against the evildoers? Who will stand up for me against those who behave wickedly? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "No one will defend me against the evildoers. No one will help me fight against those who behave wickedly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/017.md b/psa/094/017.md index bb9f3d67de..55fdf5a9f9 100644 --- a/psa/094/017.md +++ b/psa/094/017.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "help" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "If # I would soon be lying down in the place of silence Here "would be lying down" refers to "death" and "in the place of silence" refers to the grave." Alternate translation: "in a short time, I would be dead, lying in a silent grave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/018.md b/psa/094/018.md index 9ef9e8000d..81dbfb01ed 100644 --- a/psa/094/018.md +++ b/psa/094/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your covenant faithfulness, Yahweh, held me up The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "You, Yahweh, held me up because you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/019.md b/psa/094/019.md index 70eb47a592..985222a68b 100644 --- a/psa/094/019.md +++ b/psa/094/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # When cares within me are many, your consolations delight my soul The psalmist speaks of care as if he could count separate cares. The abstract noun "consolations" can be translated with the verb "console" or "comfort." Alternate translation: "When I have been worried about many things, you have comforted me and made me happy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/020.md b/psa/094/020.md index e1fd670972..dfcee990fb 100644 --- a/psa/094/020.md +++ b/psa/094/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses this rhetorical question is used to assure Yahweh that the write # a throne of destruction Here the metonym "throne" refers to a king or ruler. Alternate translation: "a wicked ruler" or "corrupt judge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/021.md b/psa/094/021.md index 5b673e216b..eac7c36b79 100644 --- a/psa/094/021.md +++ b/psa/094/021.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ This is an idiom which means to kill someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-id # they declare guilty the blood of the innocent -The nominal adjective "innocent" may be translated "innocent person." The word "blood" is a metaphor for the violent death of the innocent person and a metonym for the person himself. Alternate translation: "they declare the innocent person guilty and then kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) \ No newline at end of file +The nominal adjective "innocent" may be translated "innocent person." The word "blood" is a metaphor for the violent death of the innocent person and a metonym for the person himself. Alternate translation: "they declare the innocent person guilty and then kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/psa/094/022.md b/psa/094/022.md index 2826958c47..6ff4df581f 100644 --- a/psa/094/022.md +++ b/psa/094/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "tower" is a metaphor for protection. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has pr # God has been the rock of my refuge The psalmist speaks of having God protect him as if God were a place where the psalmist could go to be safe. See how "rock" and "refuge" are translated in [Psalms 62:7](../062/007.md). Alternate translation: "I have asked God to protect me, and he has kept me safe by his power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/094/023.md b/psa/094/023.md index 497661030e..6e9c0e3b57 100644 --- a/psa/094/023.md +++ b/psa/094/023.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom which means "kill them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom] # in their own wickedness Possible meanings are 1) "while they are doing wicked things" or 2) "because they have done wicked things." - diff --git a/psa/094/intro.md b/psa/094/intro.md index 12a875b453..d3be9efca6 100644 --- a/psa/094/intro.md +++ b/psa/094/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 094 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 94 is a prayer requesting that evil people be punished. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Justice -#### Justice Evil people expect God to ignore their injustices. But God knows what they are doing and will punish them for their evil deeds. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Evil people expect God to ignore their injustices. But God knows what they are d * __[Psalms 94:1](../../psa/094/001.md)__ __[<<](../093/intro.md) | [>>](../095/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/095/001.md b/psa/095/001.md index d7e6d5b815..4b3df07722 100644 --- a/psa/095/001.md +++ b/psa/095/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # the rock of our salvation The psalmist speaks of Yahweh as if Yahweh were a mountain the people could climb so they would be safe. See how "rock" and "of my salvation" are translated in [Psalms 18:46](../018/046.md). Alternate translation: "the rock where we can go and God will save us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/095/002.md b/psa/095/002.md index 13c8c48b22..c129f5e29e 100644 --- a/psa/095/002.md +++ b/psa/095/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as if he is telling the readers to go into the throne room o # with thanksgiving "thanking him as we enter his presence" - diff --git a/psa/095/003.md b/psa/095/003.md index 73e04e0304..f04f128b91 100644 --- a/psa/095/003.md +++ b/psa/095/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # superior to all gods Possible meanings are that Yahweh is a great king 1) "who rules over all other gods," or 2) "who is much better than all gods." - diff --git a/psa/095/004.md b/psa/095/004.md index 6be5397727..71b99a7360 100644 --- a/psa/095/004.md +++ b/psa/095/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ deep places # heights high places - diff --git a/psa/095/005.md b/psa/095/005.md index eaf91e8e16..46d59457b0 100644 --- a/psa/095/005.md +++ b/psa/095/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his hands formed The word "hands" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "he himself formed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/095/006.md b/psa/095/006.md index 5fb2996a28..f40c7dc823 100644 --- a/psa/095/006.md +++ b/psa/095/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # kneel put both knees on the ground, often to show submission (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/095/007.md b/psa/095/007.md index e554313dfc..54b4914afa 100644 --- a/psa/095/007.md +++ b/psa/095/007.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "hand" here refers to how Yahweh protects his people the way a shepherd # hear his voice Here "his voice" represents God speaking or what he says. Alternate translation: "listen to God speak" or "hear what God says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/095/008.md b/psa/095/008.md index eae8e2c094..738ebdb4c5 100644 --- a/psa/095/008.md +++ b/psa/095/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Now the writer writes the words that Yahweh spoke. # Meribah, ... Massah These are places in the desert that Moses named because the Israelites rebelled against God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/095/009.md b/psa/095/009.md index 348a1ecd2b..4aaef1d550 100644 --- a/psa/095/009.md +++ b/psa/095/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are both metaphors for the people seeing how much evil they co # my deeds "the amazing things I had done" - diff --git a/psa/095/010.md b/psa/095/010.md index 58e9c25959..3eaf32b966 100644 --- a/psa/095/010.md +++ b/psa/095/010.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God speaks of the people as if they were sheep, which will go wherever they want # they have not known my ways Yahweh's commands are spoken of as if they were paths on which the people should walk. The people not obeying Yahweh's commands is spoken of as if they did not know these paths. Alternate translation: "they have not obeyed my commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/095/011.md b/psa/095/011.md index 4a37f5b225..0c95fc8e5a 100644 --- a/psa/095/011.md +++ b/psa/095/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my resting place "the place where I would have allowed them to rest" - diff --git a/psa/095/intro.md b/psa/095/intro.md index 97b4d9ee0b..77c1f53a52 100644 --- a/psa/095/intro.md +++ b/psa/095/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 095 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 95 is the first in a series of six worship psalms (Psalms 95-100). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's care -#### God's care God made everything and takes good care of people. People should not be stubborn like the Israelites were in the days of Moses. The Israelites with Moses wandered in the desert for forty years. + ## Links: * __[Psalms 95:1](../../psa/095/001.md)__ __[<<](../094/intro.md) | [>>](../096/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/096/001.md b/psa/096/001.md index 2f74d51983..c0a76f6180 100644 --- a/psa/096/001.md +++ b/psa/096/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a song no one has ever sung before # all the earth This refers to the people of the earth. Alternate translation: "all you people who live on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/002.md b/psa/096/002.md index 690b06cfb7..8e20dc008e 100644 --- a/psa/096/002.md +++ b/psa/096/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "bless Y # announce his salvation The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated using the verb "save." Alternate translation: "announce that he has saved us" or "tell people that he is the one who saves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/003.md b/psa/096/003.md index 74de5babe3..32eae55ad8 100644 --- a/psa/096/003.md +++ b/psa/096/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Declare his glory among the nations "Tell all the people in every nation about his great glory" - diff --git a/psa/096/004.md b/psa/096/004.md index f1c9bfaf68..5f3bc63071 100644 --- a/psa/096/004.md +++ b/psa/096/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is great. # He is to be feared above all other gods This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Fear him above all other gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/005.md b/psa/096/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/096/005.md +++ b/psa/096/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/096/006.md b/psa/096/006.md index 9357f8b538..cfb72d08cd 100644 --- a/psa/096/006.md +++ b/psa/096/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as if splendor and majesty are people who can stand before a # Strength and beauty are in his sanctuary The words "strength" and "beauty" are metonyms for the ark of the covenant decrees, which is found in the sanctuary. Alternate translation: "It is his sanctuary that contains the ark of the covenant decrees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/007.md b/psa/096/007.md index aeb40e1c5f..cc10b9d4f0 100644 --- a/psa/096/007.md +++ b/psa/096/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ascribe to Yahweh ... ascribe praise to Yahweh for his glory and strength This can be restated to removed the abstract nouns "praise," "glory," and "strength." See how these words are translated in [Psalms 29:1](../029/001.md). Alternate translation: "Praise Yahweh ... praise Yahweh because he is glorious and strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/008.md b/psa/096/008.md index dadbd13135..3d17f8d3b6 100644 --- a/psa/096/008.md +++ b/psa/096/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" refers to the person of God. Alternate translation: "he deserves" (S # his courts the temple courtyard where the priests sacrificed animals to Yahweh - diff --git a/psa/096/009.md b/psa/096/009.md index 5f3c064a0c..8b6d433baa 100644 --- a/psa/096/009.md +++ b/psa/096/009.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ to shake because of fear # all the earth Here "earth" represents the people. Alternate translation: "all the people of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/010.md b/psa/096/010.md index 1a47e2b3b3..364d135dd2 100644 --- a/psa/096/010.md +++ b/psa/096/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "He also establish # it cannot be shaken This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "nothing can shake it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/011.md b/psa/096/011.md index ead91f78a6..a3b09630b6 100644 --- a/psa/096/011.md +++ b/psa/096/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the heavens and the earth are spoken of as if they have # that which fills it shout with joy The implied information is that this refers to all the creatures living in the sea. They are spoken of as if they should shout with joy like people might do. Alternate translation: "the sea creatures shout joyfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/012.md b/psa/096/012.md index faa349a3d4..317c3ca250 100644 --- a/psa/096/012.md +++ b/psa/096/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # let all the trees in the forest shout for joy This speaks about the trees as if they were people who could shout for joy. Alternate translation: "let it be as if all the trees in the forest shout for joy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/013.md b/psa/096/013.md index ba3905f8e4..0ac48da4f0 100644 --- a/psa/096/013.md +++ b/psa/096/013.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "he will judge" are understood. Alternate translation: "he will judge # with his faithfulness The can be restated to remove the abstract noun "faithfulness." Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: "fairly, according to what he knows is true" or 2) Alternate translation: "using the same standard for all people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/096/intro.md b/psa/096/intro.md index 06db078aeb..f2ad1f9fe7 100644 --- a/psa/096/intro.md +++ b/psa/096/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 096 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 96 is one of six worship psalms (Psalms 95-100). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh, the king -#### Yahweh, the king Yahweh is king over all the earth and is worthy of all praise. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Yahweh is king over all the earth and is worthy of all praise. * __[Psalms 96:1](../../psa/096/001.md)__ __[<<](../095/intro.md) | [>>](../097/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/097/001.md b/psa/097/001.md index 46c95ac98a..b3a3cff2a6 100644 --- a/psa/097/001.md +++ b/psa/097/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The earth and the coastlands are said to have emotions like people. Alternate tr # coastlands Possible meanings are 1) "lands near the seas" or 2) "islands." - diff --git a/psa/097/002.md b/psa/097/002.md index 5d312570b5..6fb6111cd0 100644 --- a/psa/097/002.md +++ b/psa/097/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "throne" is a metonym for the deeds and words of the one who sits on it # the foundation of his throne Here "the foundation of his throne" refers to how Yahweh rules his kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/097/003.md b/psa/097/003.md index 49685d058f..62ec65ccd3 100644 --- a/psa/097/003.md +++ b/psa/097/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as if fire were a person walking before King Yahweh and tell # consumes his adversaries "burns up his enemies" - diff --git a/psa/097/004.md b/psa/097/004.md index d5e12b637a..c9faac1cec 100644 --- a/psa/097/004.md +++ b/psa/097/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of the earth as if it were a person who sees what Yahweh does # trembles shakes with fear - diff --git a/psa/097/005.md b/psa/097/005.md index 8603d6571c..cd4f56591c 100644 --- a/psa/097/005.md +++ b/psa/097/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The mountains melt like wax before Yahweh The writer speaks of the mountains crumbling before Yahweh as if they were wax that was exposed to a fire. Alternate translation: "The mountains are unable to stand as Yahweh comes near" or "The mountains crumble in Yahweh's presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/097/006.md b/psa/097/006.md index 2bf25e56a9..21f6a2e858 100644 --- a/psa/097/006.md +++ b/psa/097/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The skies declare his justice Possible meanings are 1) the psalmist speaks as if the skies are Yahweh's messengers who declare that Yahweh is just. Alternate translation: "Everyone can see that God is just, the same way that everyone can see the skies" or 2) the skies refer to the beings that live in the heavens. Alternate translation: "All those who live in heaven declare that Yahweh is just" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/097/007.md b/psa/097/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/097/007.md +++ b/psa/097/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/097/008.md b/psa/097/008.md index 4920f1dd7d..b7a6589d49 100644 --- a/psa/097/008.md +++ b/psa/097/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zion heard ... the towns of Judah This refers to the people who live in these lands. Alternate translation: "The people of Zion heard ... the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/097/009.md b/psa/097/009.md index bb982d24ed..a8c7c7fcc9 100644 --- a/psa/097/009.md +++ b/psa/097/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as if those who were strong enough to rule were the physical # You are exalted far The psalmist speaks as if those who were strong enough to rule were the physically higher than others. Alternate translation: "You are high, far" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/097/010.md b/psa/097/010.md index 5c9e32ab5b..0dea998d57 100644 --- a/psa/097/010.md +++ b/psa/097/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he takes them out of the hand of the wicked Here the word "hand" represents power. Yahweh rescuing people from the power of wicked people is spoken of as if he took them out of their hands. Alternate translation: "he rescues them from the power of the wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/097/011.md b/psa/097/011.md index 339ef997e7..1f364b2874 100644 --- a/psa/097/011.md +++ b/psa/097/011.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "is sown" are understood. The word "sown" is a metaphor for actions wi # those with honest hearts The heart is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "honest people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/097/012.md b/psa/097/012.md index cf94f4be13..e05378a26c 100644 --- a/psa/097/012.md +++ b/psa/097/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means to be glad because of what Yahweh has done. Alternate translati # when you remember his holiness Possible meanings are 1) "when you remember how holy he is" or 2) "to his holy name," a metonym for "to him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/097/intro.md b/psa/097/intro.md index b6acd06e6e..17d93c2c14 100644 --- a/psa/097/intro.md +++ b/psa/097/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 097 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 97 is one of six worship psalms (Psalms 95-100) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's authority -#### Yahweh's authority All people who worship idols are disgraced because Yahweh rules over all the world. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ All people who worship idols are disgraced because Yahweh rules over all the wor * __[Psalms 97:1](../../psa/097/001.md)__ __[<<](../096/intro.md) | [>>](../098/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/098/001.md b/psa/098/001.md index f746f9da0e..5b94b51773 100644 --- a/psa/098/001.md +++ b/psa/098/001.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "arm" is a metonym for power. Alternate translation: "the power that is his # have given him victory This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "victory." Alternate translation: "have enabled him to be victorious over his enemies" or "has enabled him to defeat his enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/098/002.md b/psa/098/002.md index 2242eb0121..f128d6486b 100644 --- a/psa/098/002.md +++ b/psa/098/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated using the verb "save." Alternate # showed his justice to all the nations The abstract noun "justice" can be translated using the adjective "just." The word "nations" is a metonym for "the people who live in all the nations." Alternate translation: "showed the people who live in all the nations that he is just" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/098/003.md b/psa/098/003.md index 5b0cfc8e18..c9f140322c 100644 --- a/psa/098/003.md +++ b/psa/098/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metonym for the people of the earth. Alternate translation: "people fr # will see the victory of our God The abstract noun "victory" can be translated using the verb "defeat." Alternate translation: "will see our God defeat his enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/098/004.md b/psa/098/004.md index ecffeef410..b4098696be 100644 --- a/psa/098/004.md +++ b/psa/098/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a metonym for the people of the earth. Alternate translation: "all peopl # sing praises "sing praises to God" - diff --git a/psa/098/005.md b/psa/098/005.md index 5f05f77d30..3400df5049 100644 --- a/psa/098/005.md +++ b/psa/098/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # melodious delightful or pleasing musical sound - diff --git a/psa/098/006.md b/psa/098/006.md index 7fb551e59f..a9323fffba 100644 --- a/psa/098/006.md +++ b/psa/098/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the horn an animal horn used as a musical instrument - diff --git a/psa/098/007.md b/psa/098/007.md index 6849ee1283..741166ef6f 100644 --- a/psa/098/007.md +++ b/psa/098/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as if the world were a person. Alternate translation: "and l # the world This is a metonym for the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "the people in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/098/008.md b/psa/098/008.md index 1e07109b33..17bfa11276 100644 --- a/psa/098/008.md +++ b/psa/098/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let the rivers clap their hands, and let the mountains shout for joy The psalmist speaks as if the rivers and mountains were people who could clap and shout. Alternate translation: "Let it be as though the rivers are clapping their hands and mountains were shouting for joy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/098/009.md b/psa/098/009.md index 89a579358b..a994f22d67 100644 --- a/psa/098/009.md +++ b/psa/098/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metonym for "the people who live in the nations." (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # with fairness "honestly" or "using the same standard for everyone" - diff --git a/psa/098/intro.md b/psa/098/intro.md index 9f67298942..2036cc728d 100644 --- a/psa/098/intro.md +++ b/psa/098/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 098 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 98 is one of six worship psalms (Psalms 95-100). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise -#### Praise Everyone and every thing should sing praises to Yahweh because he is worthy of all praise. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Everyone and every thing should sing praises to Yahweh because he is worthy of a * __[Psalms 98:1](../../psa/098/001.md)__ __[<<](../097/intro.md) | [>>](../099/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/099/001.md b/psa/099/001.md index 4ea2c7c4fd..9d53c44bb5 100644 --- a/psa/099/001.md +++ b/psa/099/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark # quakes shakes - diff --git a/psa/099/002.md b/psa/099/002.md index 4cd564d99f..7d6fd253ab 100644 --- a/psa/099/002.md +++ b/psa/099/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he is exalted above all the nations This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people in all the nations exalt him" or "people in all nations praise him greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/099/003.md b/psa/099/003.md index 90180d4098..f0a303ada9 100644 --- a/psa/099/003.md +++ b/psa/099/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let them praise your great and awesome name Here the author shifts from speaking about God, to speaking to God. After this phrase though, he shifts back to speaking about God. - diff --git a/psa/099/004.md b/psa/099/004.md index dc3efa16f2..7cea92d64f 100644 --- a/psa/099/004.md +++ b/psa/099/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "justice" can be translated using the phrase "what is just." A # You have established fairness The abstract noun "fairness" is a metonym for the laws that are fair. Alternate translation: "The laws you have established are fair" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/099/005.md b/psa/099/005.md index d31a5a62c6..67a3ac5163 100644 --- a/psa/099/005.md +++ b/psa/099/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # worship at his footstool Here the word "footstool" likely refers to the ark of the covenant, which the biblical writers often spoke of as if it were Yahweh's footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above. The translation can make explicit that the people are to worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: "worship Yahweh at his footstool" or "worship Yahweh before his throne in the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/099/006.md b/psa/099/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/099/006.md +++ b/psa/099/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/099/007.md b/psa/099/007.md index 5b14339cdf..f51cc7ca20 100644 --- a/psa/099/007.md +++ b/psa/099/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # solemn important, given seriously - diff --git a/psa/099/008.md b/psa/099/008.md index 26172829a0..4909294387 100644 --- a/psa/099/008.md +++ b/psa/099/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You answered them "You answered your people" - diff --git a/psa/099/009.md b/psa/099/009.md index 75fcadcd91..fb1f4ae633 100644 --- a/psa/099/009.md +++ b/psa/099/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his holy hill "Mount Zion" - diff --git a/psa/099/intro.md b/psa/099/intro.md index b4cd4c3924..5d59f1ba90 100644 --- a/psa/099/intro.md +++ b/psa/099/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 099 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 99 is one of six worship psalms (Psalms 95-100). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's justice -#### Yahweh's justice God is just and fair. Moses, Aaron and Samuel each prayed to him and obeyed him and he answered their prayers. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God is just and fair. Moses, Aaron and Samuel each prayed to him and obeyed him * __[Psalms 99:1](../../psa/099/001.md)__ __[<<](../098/intro.md) | [>>](../100/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/100/001.md b/psa/100/001.md index 24004f370e..63868e3adc 100644 --- a/psa/100/001.md +++ b/psa/100/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # all the earth This refers to all the people of the earth. Alternate translation: "everyone on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/100/002.md b/psa/100/002.md index 32e072ea6f..feb335487d 100644 --- a/psa/100/002.md +++ b/psa/100/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # come before his presence The psalmist speaks as if he is telling the readers to go into the throne room of a king. Alternate translation: "go to where he is with joyful singing" or "he can hear you, so sing joyfully" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/100/003.md b/psa/100/003.md index f2271331d1..abf663b494 100644 --- a/psa/100/003.md +++ b/psa/100/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God's people are like his sheep. Alternate translation: "the people God provides # pasture a grassy area for feeding animals - diff --git a/psa/100/004.md b/psa/100/004.md index 97f79ae691..fb9b51c594 100644 --- a/psa/100/004.md +++ b/psa/100/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # bless his name The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "bless Yahweh" or "do what makes Yahweh happy" See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/100/005.md b/psa/100/005.md index 77277926a8..84bf20d0bd 100644 --- a/psa/100/005.md +++ b/psa/100/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. The abstract noun "truthfulne # through all generations "generation after generation." See how this is translated in [Psalms 89:4](../089/004.md). - diff --git a/psa/100/intro.md b/psa/100/intro.md index a5ea2005ca..aec048bb41 100644 --- a/psa/100/intro.md +++ b/psa/100/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 100 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 100 is the last of six worship psalms (Psalms 95-100). -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's care for his creation -#### Yahweh's care for his creation God made mankind and takes good care of people. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God made mankind and takes good care of people. * __[Psalms 100:1](../../psa/100/001.md)__ __[<<](../099/intro.md) | [>>](../101/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/101/001.md b/psa/101/001.md index d6fc967746..20c7df47ed 100644 --- a/psa/101/001.md +++ b/psa/101/001.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # I will sing of covenant faithfulness and justice The abstract nouns "faithfulness" and "justice" can be translated with adjectives. Alternate translation: "I will sing that you are faithful to your covenant and that you are just" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/101/002.md b/psa/101/002.md index 0031cc7eb9..7852b1ccf8 100644 --- a/psa/101/002.md +++ b/psa/101/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "pay attention to" are a metonym for the way that David will live # I will walk with integrity of heart within my house Here David speaks about living as if it were "walking." The word "heart" here is a metonym for the way he thinks and feels. Alternate translation: "I will live in my house with integrity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/101/003.md b/psa/101/003.md index 34676e834e..db07a83c1b 100644 --- a/psa/101/003.md +++ b/psa/101/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David describes "evil" as if it were something unable to cling to him. This mean # cling hold on to something or someone very tightly - diff --git a/psa/101/004.md b/psa/101/004.md index de5820fce6..35aa8f481c 100644 --- a/psa/101/004.md +++ b/psa/101/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "heart" here is a metonym for the thoughts and feelings of the person. # to evil "to anything that is evil" - diff --git a/psa/101/005.md b/psa/101/005.md index d823e3562a..7d9d24eb85 100644 --- a/psa/101/005.md +++ b/psa/101/005.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # the haughty of eye and arrogant of heart -The words "eye" and "heart" here are metonyms for the person whose eye and heart they are. The generic noun phrase refers to any haughty and arrogant person or people. Alternate translation: "people who are haughty and arrogant" ([[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) \ No newline at end of file +The words "eye" and "heart" here are metonyms for the person whose eye and heart they are. The generic noun phrase refers to any haughty and arrogant person or people. Alternate translation: "people who are haughty and arrogant" ([[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) diff --git a/psa/101/006.md b/psa/101/006.md index 66996d34d4..5c2d45fcca 100644 --- a/psa/101/006.md +++ b/psa/101/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people who are faithful to God. Alternate translation: "the f # walk in the way of integrity Here David speaks about "living" as if it were "walking." Alternate translation: "live in a way that is honest and right" or "live lives full of integrity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/101/007.md b/psa/101/007.md index 6747cd4708..843bb9443c 100644 --- a/psa/101/007.md +++ b/psa/101/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not welcome li # before my eyes Here "my eyes" refers to David himself. Alternate translation: "before me" or "in my presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/101/008.md b/psa/101/008.md index b32aed8e0c..f9315f4ba3 100644 --- a/psa/101/008.md +++ b/psa/101/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to wicked people. Alternate translation: "the wicked people" (See: [ # from the city of Yahweh David is referring to the city that he is in as "the city of Yahweh." This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "from this city, which is Yahweh's city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/101/intro.md b/psa/101/intro.md index 37acf12e76..34e540890b 100644 --- a/psa/101/intro.md +++ b/psa/101/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 101 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 101 is a psalm asking God's help in living as a person should. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Encouragement -#### Encouragement The psalmist wanted to encourage all the good people in the land restrain all the evil people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The psalmist wanted to encourage all the good people in the land restrain all th * __[Psalms 101:1](../../psa/101/001.md)__ __[<<](../100/intro.md) | [>>](../102/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/102/001.md b/psa/102/001.md index 50063ba457..c87ed42529 100644 --- a/psa/102/001.md +++ b/psa/102/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # the afflicted This refers to a man who is afflicted. Alternate translation: "the afflicted man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/002.md b/psa/102/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/102/002.md +++ b/psa/102/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/102/003.md b/psa/102/003.md index df449f232d..43f36d0c99 100644 --- a/psa/102/003.md +++ b/psa/102/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "my days" refers to the author's life and the idea of "smoke" is something # my bones burn like fire Here the author refers to his "body" as his "bones." Alternate translation: "my body feels like it is burning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/004.md b/psa/102/004.md index 8ca1f8c64b..98a2fd0e7c 100644 --- a/psa/102/004.md +++ b/psa/102/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the author refers to himself as his "heart." This can be stated in active f # I am like grass that has withered This is another way to describe his despair. Alternate translation: "I feel like I am drying up like withered grass" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/005.md b/psa/102/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/102/005.md +++ b/psa/102/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/102/006.md b/psa/102/006.md index af11fbc2ea..443b8b4705 100644 --- a/psa/102/006.md +++ b/psa/102/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The author continues to describe loneliness by comparing himself to an owl in ab # an owl This is a bird that is awake at night. Alternate translation: "a night bird" - diff --git a/psa/102/007.md b/psa/102/007.md index 9450a0db6e..da554cad45 100644 --- a/psa/102/007.md +++ b/psa/102/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I lie awake like a solitary bird The writer compares himself to a bird to emphasize his feeling of loneliness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/008.md b/psa/102/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/102/008.md +++ b/psa/102/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/102/009.md b/psa/102/009.md index 027c6d32ec..f6a0a1a6a9 100644 --- a/psa/102/009.md +++ b/psa/102/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David would have sat in ashes as an act of mourning, therefore ashes would have # mix my drink with tears David did not purposefully mix his drink with tears; rather his tear would have fallen into his cup while he mourned and wept. Alternate translation: "my tears fall into the cup that I drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/010.md b/psa/102/010.md index 54d4086fd5..7933f57e70 100644 --- a/psa/102/010.md +++ b/psa/102/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you have lifted me up to throw me down God has not literally lifted and thrown David's body to the ground; rather David says this to describe what he is feeling and experiencing. Alternate translation: "it is like you have lifted me up to throw me down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/011.md b/psa/102/011.md index 81ebde7297..7d36553d3d 100644 --- a/psa/102/011.md +++ b/psa/102/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ As David's body becomes weak and he is nearing the end of his life, he compares # withered dry and wrinkled - diff --git a/psa/102/012.md b/psa/102/012.md index 9bdfecbc65..decc6ae368 100644 --- a/psa/102/012.md +++ b/psa/102/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fame being known by many people - diff --git a/psa/102/013.md b/psa/102/013.md index 284e0e34ff..263df131f4 100644 --- a/psa/102/013.md +++ b/psa/102/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Zion" refers to the people who live in Zion. Alternate translation: "have # upon her The word "her" refers to Zion. - diff --git a/psa/102/014.md b/psa/102/014.md index 3144311db7..caa2f5df0e 100644 --- a/psa/102/014.md +++ b/psa/102/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hold her stones dear The "stones" refer to the stones that were part of the city walls before they were destroyed. Alternate translation: "still love the stones that were formerly in the city walls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/015.md b/psa/102/015.md index d9987e33bc..09e696dfd7 100644 --- a/psa/102/015.md +++ b/psa/102/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "your name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "you" (See: [[rc://en/ # will honor your glory The people will honor Yahweh because of his glory. Here Yahweh is referred to by his glory. Alternate translation: "will honor you because you are glorious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/016.md b/psa/102/016.md index ae894ec64c..5189bf25df 100644 --- a/psa/102/016.md +++ b/psa/102/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will appear in his glory "will be seen as glorious" or "people will see his glory" - diff --git a/psa/102/017.md b/psa/102/017.md index d3803a7f6a..22d08c6413 100644 --- a/psa/102/017.md +++ b/psa/102/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to destitute people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) # he will not reject their prayer "Yahweh will accept their prayers" - diff --git a/psa/102/018.md b/psa/102/018.md index 2542e764a3..af55c558b8 100644 --- a/psa/102/018.md +++ b/psa/102/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This will be written for future generations This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will write this for future generations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/019.md b/psa/102/019.md index fcd9722804..2cdcb8bf5f 100644 --- a/psa/102/019.md +++ b/psa/102/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have similar meaning and are used together for emphasize how G # the holy heights "his holy place high above the earth" - diff --git a/psa/102/020.md b/psa/102/020.md index 2cd4a144ca..cce0323652 100644 --- a/psa/102/020.md +++ b/psa/102/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # those who were condemned to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom the authorities had sentenced to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/021.md b/psa/102/021.md index aff3934ba8..a94d08736e 100644 --- a/psa/102/021.md +++ b/psa/102/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # proclaim the name of Yahweh in Zion and his praise in Jerusalem These two phrases have the same meaning and emphasize the idea of praising the name of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/022.md b/psa/102/022.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/102/022.md +++ b/psa/102/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/102/023.md b/psa/102/023.md index 4b15ddcae2..37f50f7272 100644 --- a/psa/102/023.md +++ b/psa/102/023.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David describes God causing him to become weak as if his strength were a physica # my days The word "days" here refers to his life. Alternate translation: "my life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/024.md b/psa/102/024.md index 046900e0ac..37963349ff 100644 --- a/psa/102/024.md +++ b/psa/102/024.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David is asking God to not let him die. Alternate translation: "do not take me a # you are here throughout all generations "you are present throughout all generations" - diff --git a/psa/102/025.md b/psa/102/025.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/102/025.md +++ b/psa/102/025.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/102/026.md b/psa/102/026.md index f3960cf2b7..54b5418883 100644 --- a/psa/102/026.md +++ b/psa/102/026.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they will all grow old The word "they" refers to "the earth" and "the heavens." - diff --git a/psa/102/027.md b/psa/102/027.md index 9b9ecb1606..2775264134 100644 --- a/psa/102/027.md +++ b/psa/102/027.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your years will have no end "you will live forever" - diff --git a/psa/102/028.md b/psa/102/028.md index d1aa4ff972..4f5426de80 100644 --- a/psa/102/028.md +++ b/psa/102/028.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # live in your presence Here David describes the descendants being protected by Yahweh as being in his presence. Alternate translation: "be protected as they live in your presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/102/intro.md b/psa/102/intro.md index a5b3f3db59..2830010668 100644 --- a/psa/102/intro.md +++ b/psa/102/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 102 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 102 is a psalm of deliverance from sickness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Salvation -#### Salvation The author does not want to die young. He also wants to see Jerusalem saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author does not want to die young. He also wants to see Jerusalem saved. (Se * __[Psalms 102:1](../../psa/102/001.md)__ __[<<](../101/intro.md) | [>>](../103/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/103/001.md b/psa/103/001.md index 85a7255479..2d4d8b35b9 100644 --- a/psa/103/001.md +++ b/psa/103/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # I give praise to Yahweh with all my life, and with all that is within me, I give praise to his holy name @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to praising Yahweh's name as Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # all that is within me "all of me" or "all that I am." David uses this phrase to refer to himself and to emphasize his devotion to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/002.md b/psa/103/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/103/002.md +++ b/psa/103/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/103/003.md b/psa/103/003.md index 835774bc9a..3f5cc4bbf4 100644 --- a/psa/103/003.md +++ b/psa/103/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your ... you David is speaking to himself, so he uses the words "your" and "you" to refer to himself. Many translations express this with "my" and "me" as the UDB does. - diff --git a/psa/103/004.md b/psa/103/004.md index c30ef3b4c9..0f777633ec 100644 --- a/psa/103/004.md +++ b/psa/103/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "your life" are a metonym for the person. The words "redeems ... # he crowns you with covenant faithfulness and acts of tender mercy Here blessing someone and treating them with great honor is described as if it were placing a crown on that person's head. The abstract nouns "faithfulness" and "mercy" can be translated with adverbs. Alternate translation: "he blesses you by acting faithfully and mercifully towards you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/005.md b/psa/103/005.md index b5228b0af8..89573fc482 100644 --- a/psa/103/005.md +++ b/psa/103/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Having your "youth renewed" means to feel young again. Here David compares this # your youth The word "youth" refers to the strength one had as a young adult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/006.md b/psa/103/006.md index eb69852692..104d338f9c 100644 --- a/psa/103/006.md +++ b/psa/103/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # all who are oppressed Who is doing the oppressing can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "all who are oppressed by men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/007.md b/psa/103/007.md index 33b4d9f580..bf6171bc9c 100644 --- a/psa/103/007.md +++ b/psa/103/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his deeds to the descendants of Israel The words "he made known" are understood from the previous phrase. They may be repeated here. Alternate translation: "he made known his deeds to the descendants of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/008.md b/psa/103/008.md index 79596113ec..9c8f3ecc30 100644 --- a/psa/103/008.md +++ b/psa/103/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # abounding in steadfast love The abstract noun "love" can be restated with the verb "love." Alternate translation: "he always loves his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/009.md b/psa/103/009.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/103/009.md +++ b/psa/103/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/103/010.md b/psa/103/010.md index d07d8d04a8..30bef8a3e3 100644 --- a/psa/103/010.md +++ b/psa/103/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are parallel and emphasize that God does not punish us as we d # deal with us "punish us" - diff --git a/psa/103/011.md b/psa/103/011.md index c6448fb2f6..0cf3d4915b 100644 --- a/psa/103/011.md +++ b/psa/103/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The simile compares the great distance between heaven and earth to the greatness # so great is his covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "so he is very faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/012.md b/psa/103/012.md index 8ebe33996e..79d681316e 100644 --- a/psa/103/012.md +++ b/psa/103/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As far as the east ... removed the guilt of our sins from us The distance between east and west is so far that it cannot be measured. In this simile, that distance is being compared to how far God moves our guilt away from us. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/013.md b/psa/103/013.md index c7a37cb680..5a564ae023 100644 --- a/psa/103/013.md +++ b/psa/103/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # As a father has compassion ... on those who honor him Here the author compares a father's compassion for his children to Yahweh's compassion for those who honor him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/014.md b/psa/103/014.md index ac6d4e7ea9..746cf8957a 100644 --- a/psa/103/014.md +++ b/psa/103/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what our bodies are l # he knows that we are dust When Yahweh created Adam the first man he created him from dust. Alternate translation: "he remembers that he created us from dust" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/015.md b/psa/103/015.md index 04dbb70093..b3cc7fca1a 100644 --- a/psa/103/015.md +++ b/psa/103/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this simile, how man grows over time is compared to how a flower grows. (See: # flourishes To "flourish" is to grow well or be healthy. - diff --git a/psa/103/016.md b/psa/103/016.md index 90f0032896..572e1f8911 100644 --- a/psa/103/016.md +++ b/psa/103/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The wind blows over it, and it disappears ... where it once grew These phrases continue to talk about flowers and grass. They compare how flowers and grass die to how man dies. Alternate translation: "The wind blows over the flowers and grass and they disappear, and no one can tell where they once grew—it is the same way with man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/017.md b/psa/103/017.md index e165360a7d..12d101a6bd 100644 --- a/psa/103/017.md +++ b/psa/103/017.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that Yahweh's love continues forever. Alternate translation: "will co # their descendants "the descendants of those who honor him" - diff --git a/psa/103/018.md b/psa/103/018.md index 33ab8ae467..18b6e2057c 100644 --- a/psa/103/018.md +++ b/psa/103/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They keep his covenant and remember to obey his instructions These two phrases have similar meanings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/019.md b/psa/103/019.md index 27fea0d67a..dbdeadf875 100644 --- a/psa/103/019.md +++ b/psa/103/019.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh's reign as king is referred to as his "throne." Alternate translatio # his kingdom rules Here Yahweh is referred to by "his kingdom" to emphasize his authority as king. Alternate translation: "he rules" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/020.md b/psa/103/020.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/103/020.md +++ b/psa/103/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/103/021.md b/psa/103/021.md index aa3a8a58ca..d429472d99 100644 --- a/psa/103/021.md +++ b/psa/103/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all his hosts "all his armies." Here "hosts" refers to the living beings that God created in the heavens. Possible meanings are that they are called hosts 1) because they fight as armies. Alternate translation: "all his angel armies" or 2) because there are so many of them, just as armies have many soldiers. Alternate translation: "all his multitude of angels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/022.md b/psa/103/022.md index 68b10ba0ba..3cd9622134 100644 --- a/psa/103/022.md +++ b/psa/103/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with all my life This phrase means that he will praise Yahweh wholeheartedly and is used to emphasize his devotion to him. Alternate translation: "with all of me" or "with all my soul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/103/intro.md b/psa/103/intro.md index e03f342ac9..3dff2e3c57 100644 --- a/psa/103/intro.md +++ b/psa/103/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 103 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 103 is the first in a series of five psalms of praise to God. (Psalm 103-107) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's grace -#### Yahweh's grace God is good to us by forgiving our sins and not punishing us as much as we deserve. His loving-kindness goes on from generation to generation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God is good to us by forgiving our sins and not punishing us as much as we deser * __[Psalms 103:1](../../psa/103/001.md)__ __[<<](../102/intro.md) | [>>](../104/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/104/001.md b/psa/104/001.md index a59ab56bb7..6b22120793 100644 --- a/psa/104/001.md +++ b/psa/104/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase means that he will praise Yahweh wholeheartedly and is used to empha # you are clothed with splendor and majesty The words "splendor" and "majesty" have similar meanings and emphasize the greatness of Yahweh's glory. They are described as clothing Yahweh like a garment. Alternate translation: "you have splendor and majesty all around you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/002.md b/psa/104/002.md index e0c0518d46..512efc509d 100644 --- a/psa/104/002.md +++ b/psa/104/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is described as being covered with light as if the light were a garment a # you spread out the heavens like a tent curtain Here God is described as spreading out the heavens like someone spreads out a tent when setting it up. Alternate translation: "you spread out the heavens like someone sets up a tent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/003.md b/psa/104/003.md index 230f437625..92a4a92df6 100644 --- a/psa/104/003.md +++ b/psa/104/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the clouds are described as carrying Yahweh as if they were a chariot. Alte # you walk on the wings of the wind Here the blowing of the wind is described as wings on which Yahweh walks. Alternate translation: "you walk upon the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/004.md b/psa/104/004.md index 937a2a86e2..f9690c74ec 100644 --- a/psa/104/004.md +++ b/psa/104/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "he causes flames of fire to be like his servants." He # flames of fire his servants This can be stated with the implied information from the previous line. Alternate translation: "He makes the flames of fire his servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/006.md b/psa/104/006.md index 563a225515..38a86dd77d 100644 --- a/psa/104/006.md +++ b/psa/104/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You covered the earth with water like a garment Here the water that covered the earth is being compared to how a large garment is able to completely cover something. Alternate translation: "You completely covered the earth with water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/007.md b/psa/104/007.md index d9777ce98a..cd29d20203 100644 --- a/psa/104/007.md +++ b/psa/104/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the waters retreated The word "retreated" refers to a person moving backward. Alternate translation: "rushed away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/008.md b/psa/104/008.md index ea47348c3e..ef715715b6 100644 --- a/psa/104/008.md +++ b/psa/104/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The mountains rose and the valleys went down This tells about how the land changed. Some of the land became mountains and some of it became valleys. Alternate translation: "The mountains grew and the valleys sank" - diff --git a/psa/104/009.md b/psa/104/009.md index f4a725e461..4836bc89b7 100644 --- a/psa/104/009.md +++ b/psa/104/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the psalmist speaks of God causing the waters not to cross the boundary tha # boundary border - diff --git a/psa/104/010.md b/psa/104/010.md index 27e3d6dcf9..fcde3a6dbb 100644 --- a/psa/104/010.md +++ b/psa/104/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # streams small rivers - diff --git a/psa/104/011.md b/psa/104/011.md index 915344b828..1c3ad9c90f 100644 --- a/psa/104/011.md +++ b/psa/104/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the wild donkeys quench their thirst It can be stated clearly that they quench their thirst by drinking the water. Alternate translation: "the wild donkeys drink the water to quench their thirst" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/012.md b/psa/104/012.md index 526c4d1465..d7bab4ab99 100644 --- a/psa/104/012.md +++ b/psa/104/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ the ground at the edges of a river # they sing among the branches Here David describes birds chirping as if they were singing. Alternate translation: "they chirp among the tree branches" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/013.md b/psa/104/013.md index 2fae07cfe5..7e5b6076ca 100644 --- a/psa/104/013.md +++ b/psa/104/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that God causes it to rain. The waters are described as residing in c # the fruit of his labor "the many good things that you create" - diff --git a/psa/104/014.md b/psa/104/014.md index e7a8420834..0f2f4f7d38 100644 --- a/psa/104/014.md +++ b/psa/104/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and plants for man to cultivate The words "he makes" and "grow" are understood from the previous phrase, and can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "and he makes the plants grow for man to cultivate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/015.md b/psa/104/015.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/104/015.md +++ b/psa/104/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/104/016.md b/psa/104/016.md index 36e85f0fcc..bff0cc414b 100644 --- a/psa/104/016.md +++ b/psa/104/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The trees of Yahweh get plenty of rain This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh provides plenty of rain for his trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/017.md b/psa/104/017.md index eabc4d59c8..a594ceed34 100644 --- a/psa/104/017.md +++ b/psa/104/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ They makes their nests in the cedars. This can be stated clearly. Alternate tran # stork This is a type of bird. Alternate translation: "bird" - diff --git a/psa/104/018.md b/psa/104/018.md index 949017eb75..9db03937d3 100644 --- a/psa/104/018.md +++ b/psa/104/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hyraxes I hyrax is a small animal that looks like a large rodent. Alternate translation: "rock badger" - diff --git a/psa/104/019.md b/psa/104/019.md index 6738713d10..3501e4486c 100644 --- a/psa/104/019.md +++ b/psa/104/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word refers to different weather changes through the year. Some places have # the sun knows its time Here David describes the sun as if it knows what time of day it is. Alternate translation: "he made the sun to set when it is time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/020.md b/psa/104/020.md index 611f82029e..b0ab31a570 100644 --- a/psa/104/020.md +++ b/psa/104/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You make "Yahweh, you make." Here the authors switches from speaking about Yahweh to speaking to him. - diff --git a/psa/104/021.md b/psa/104/021.md index d782b62936..128c922ce6 100644 --- a/psa/104/021.md +++ b/psa/104/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ an animal that is food for another animal # and seek their food from God "but they rely on God to provide their food" - diff --git a/psa/104/022.md b/psa/104/022.md index 9700f10650..ed2987bdda 100644 --- a/psa/104/022.md +++ b/psa/104/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ go back to their dens # dens the homes of some mammals and small animals - diff --git a/psa/104/023.md b/psa/104/023.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/104/023.md +++ b/psa/104/023.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/104/024.md b/psa/104/024.md index cc3dfc67c1..838d6f2670 100644 --- a/psa/104/024.md +++ b/psa/104/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # overflows with your works Here David describes the amount of things that Yahweh had created as if they were a liquid overflowing out of a container. Alternate translation: "is filled with your work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/025.md b/psa/104/025.md index 360b303434..1986cfdc96 100644 --- a/psa/104/025.md +++ b/psa/104/025.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ more than anyone can count # both small and great This means creatures of all sizes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/026.md b/psa/104/026.md index 7b1225b2f4..e54750d326 100644 --- a/psa/104/026.md +++ b/psa/104/026.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The ships travel there "The ships travel on the sea" - diff --git a/psa/104/027.md b/psa/104/027.md index 587d1025d0..b90c649941 100644 --- a/psa/104/027.md +++ b/psa/104/027.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # give them their food on time "give them their food when they need it" - diff --git a/psa/104/028.md b/psa/104/028.md index 28f439879d..d2ad9f96f4 100644 --- a/psa/104/028.md +++ b/psa/104/028.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ collect # when you open your hand This describes Yahweh as opening his hand to give food to the creatures. Alternate translation: "when you open your hand to feed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/029.md b/psa/104/029.md index 4cd1bd76c1..5f2a6b4b8e 100644 --- a/psa/104/029.md +++ b/psa/104/029.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that Yahweh does not look at them or pay attention to them. Alternate # return to dust This means that their bodies decay and are and become soil again. Alternate translation: "their bodies decay and return to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/030.md b/psa/104/030.md index 787e72e759..3100f07e72 100644 --- a/psa/104/030.md +++ b/psa/104/030.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It is Yahweh's spirit that created them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activep # you renew the surface of the ground "you cause the land to be full of new life" - diff --git a/psa/104/031.md b/psa/104/031.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/104/031.md +++ b/psa/104/031.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/104/032.md b/psa/104/032.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/104/032.md +++ b/psa/104/032.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/104/033.md b/psa/104/033.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/104/033.md +++ b/psa/104/033.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/104/034.md b/psa/104/034.md index d49a790128..ca0dd49a7f 100644 --- a/psa/104/034.md +++ b/psa/104/034.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my thoughts be sweet He is comparing his thoughts to something that tastes sweet. Alternate translation: "my thoughts be pleasing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/035.md b/psa/104/035.md index ca7e47db72..a85ad4e5e3 100644 --- a/psa/104/035.md +++ b/psa/104/035.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ disappear # let the wicked be no more The phrase "the wicked" refers to wicked people. Alternate translation: "may wicked people disappear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/104/intro.md b/psa/104/intro.md index f1fd86e0ef..2f409c2ae8 100644 --- a/psa/104/intro.md +++ b/psa/104/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 104 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 104 is the second in the series of five psalms of praise to God. (Psalm 103-107) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Yahweh's creation +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's creation + God has created everything good on earth, in the sky and in the sea. ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ God has created everything good on earth, in the sky and in the sea. * __[Psalms 104:1](../../psa/104/001.md)__ __[<<](../103/intro.md) | [>>](../105/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/105/001.md b/psa/105/001.md index 902c27563b..b5cf10c6dd 100644 --- a/psa/105/001.md +++ b/psa/105/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "call on him" (See: [[rc:/ # the nations This refers to the people in the nations. Alternate translation: "the people of the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/002.md b/psa/105/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/105/002.md +++ b/psa/105/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/105/003.md b/psa/105/003.md index 198fe4957f..bbf0a4bcc6 100644 --- a/psa/105/003.md +++ b/psa/105/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "Boast in Yahweh" (See: [[ # let the heart of those who seek Yahweh rejoice Here "the heart" represents the person who seeks Yahweh. Alternate translation: "let the people who seek Yahweh rejoice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/004.md b/psa/105/004.md index c360033011..1844d41f3e 100644 --- a/psa/105/004.md +++ b/psa/105/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Seek Yahweh and his strength To "seek Yahweh's strength" means to ask him to strengthen you. Alternate translation: "Seek Yahweh and ask him to give you his strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/005.md b/psa/105/005.md index 4dbfb3cca6..57ac89421b 100644 --- a/psa/105/005.md +++ b/psa/105/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "recall" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: # the decrees from his mouth Here "mouth" refers to the things that he spoke. Alternate translation: "the decrees that he has spoken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/006.md b/psa/105/006.md index dc80495a39..6174b318cb 100644 --- a/psa/105/006.md +++ b/psa/105/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author is speaking to the Israelites, calling them these names. # Abraham his servant "Abraham, Yahweh's servant" - diff --git a/psa/105/007.md b/psa/105/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/105/007.md +++ b/psa/105/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/105/008.md b/psa/105/008.md index 0940315536..1c749bb1a4 100644 --- a/psa/105/008.md +++ b/psa/105/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to remember and think about something. Alternate translation: "rememb # a thousand generations "1,000 generations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/009.md b/psa/105/009.md index 23a3a7fc7b..e88ed5705f 100644 --- a/psa/105/009.md +++ b/psa/105/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Both of these phrases "the covenant" and "the oath" refer to the same promise th # his oath to Isaac The words "that he made" are undestood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated. Alternate translation: "his oath that he made to Isaac" or "his oath that he gave to Isaac" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/010.md b/psa/105/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/105/010.md +++ b/psa/105/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/105/011.md b/psa/105/011.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/105/011.md +++ b/psa/105/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/105/012.md b/psa/105/012.md index b8bfff8028..6514be23b3 100644 --- a/psa/105/012.md +++ b/psa/105/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the Israelites. # were strangers in the land It is implied that "the land" refers to Canaan. Alternate translation: "were foreigners in the land of Canaan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/013.md b/psa/105/013.md index f2969d6252..25e6004d7b 100644 --- a/psa/105/013.md +++ b/psa/105/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # from nation to nation and from one kingdom to another These two phrases have similar meanings and are used together for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/014.md b/psa/105/014.md index 85640175bb..fc1a40f908 100644 --- a/psa/105/014.md +++ b/psa/105/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist is writing about Israel. # for their sakes "for their own well-being." This is referring to Israel. - diff --git a/psa/105/015.md b/psa/105/015.md index a3e9247d87..7217cf88a1 100644 --- a/psa/105/015.md +++ b/psa/105/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not touch my anointed ones Here "touch" means to harm, it's an exaggeration Yahweh used to strengthen his warning to not harm his people. Alternate translation: "Do not harm the people I have anointed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/016.md b/psa/105/016.md index 08f4bb4a04..e70ba7b2d8 100644 --- a/psa/105/016.md +++ b/psa/105/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the whole staff of bread Here "staff" is a metaphor for the supply of bread on which the people depend, and "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "the whole supply of food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/017.md b/psa/105/017.md index 468f38d2eb..db06aea9ea 100644 --- a/psa/105/017.md +++ b/psa/105/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to state that he sent him ahead of them to Egypt. Alternate tr # Joseph was sold as a servant This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Joseph's brothers sold him as a slave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/018.md b/psa/105/018.md index 33419e2aff..03edb12184 100644 --- a/psa/105/018.md +++ b/psa/105/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ metal restraints used to fasten a prisoner's wrists or ankles together # His feet were bound by shackles; on his neck was put an iron collar These statements can be restated as active. Alternate translation: "The Egyptians bound his feet in shackles; they put an iron collar around his neck. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/019.md b/psa/105/019.md index 14af086e2b..0c2ed7b21e 100644 --- a/psa/105/019.md +++ b/psa/105/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh tested him "The message of Yahweh tested him" - diff --git a/psa/105/020.md b/psa/105/020.md index 11bc94b610..9848c19f46 100644 --- a/psa/105/020.md +++ b/psa/105/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The king sent servants to release him; the ruler of the people set him free These two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together to emphasize that the king set Joseph free. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/021.md b/psa/105/021.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/105/021.md +++ b/psa/105/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/105/022.md b/psa/105/022.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/105/022.md +++ b/psa/105/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/105/023.md b/psa/105/023.md index 2975cabd1d..8265d9df44 100644 --- a/psa/105/023.md +++ b/psa/105/023.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Israel came into Egypt Here "Israel" refers to Jacob. Jacob also brought his family with him. Alternate translation: "Then Israel and his family came into Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/024.md b/psa/105/024.md index 0b6ec30c01..0e03a5cb6f 100644 --- a/psa/105/024.md +++ b/psa/105/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh made his people fruitful The writer speaks of the increase of Israel as if they were a plant that produced a lot of fruit. "God increased the number of his people greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/025.md b/psa/105/025.md index a35ed6544f..753e6d8903 100644 --- a/psa/105/025.md +++ b/psa/105/025.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to hate his people, to mistreat his servants "to hate his people and to mistreat his servants" - diff --git a/psa/105/026.md b/psa/105/026.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/105/026.md +++ b/psa/105/026.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/105/027.md b/psa/105/027.md index f88f49c87d..bffac25ab2 100644 --- a/psa/105/027.md +++ b/psa/105/027.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "they performed" are understood fromt the previous phrase. They may be # the land of Ham Ham was an ancestor of the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: "the land of Ham's descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/028.md b/psa/105/028.md index 2724c8b781..141dcc142a 100644 --- a/psa/105/028.md +++ b/psa/105/028.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ # they did not rebel -Moses and Aaron did not rebel \ No newline at end of file +Moses and Aaron did not rebel diff --git a/psa/105/029.md b/psa/105/029.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/105/029.md +++ b/psa/105/029.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/105/030.md b/psa/105/030.md index da16b3fec1..49e15aa4ab 100644 --- a/psa/105/030.md +++ b/psa/105/030.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ a small jumping reptile # even in the rooms of their rulers "they were even in the rooms of their rulers" - diff --git a/psa/105/031.md b/psa/105/031.md index 9defe6b70e..63c6577cec 100644 --- a/psa/105/031.md +++ b/psa/105/031.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ large flying groups # gnats small flying insects like flies but smaller - diff --git a/psa/105/032.md b/psa/105/032.md index 4b1e5d8272..2614e2f918 100644 --- a/psa/105/032.md +++ b/psa/105/032.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hail ice that falls from the sky like rain - diff --git a/psa/105/033.md b/psa/105/033.md index 628d7a8122..eec3c0d187 100644 --- a/psa/105/033.md +++ b/psa/105/033.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He destroyed ... he broke God caused the hail, rain, and lightning to ruin the vines and trees. Alternate translation: "He caused it to destroy ... and to break" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/034.md b/psa/105/034.md index 558f5cabdb..42e493454c 100644 --- a/psa/105/034.md +++ b/psa/105/034.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so many locusts "there were so many locusts" - diff --git a/psa/105/035.md b/psa/105/035.md index 7a60693443..61ee3e785e 100644 --- a/psa/105/035.md +++ b/psa/105/035.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The locusts ate up all of the vegetation ... They ate up all the crops of the ground These two phrase have basically the same meaning and are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: "The insects ate all the plants and all the crops in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/036.md b/psa/105/036.md index 2b48b88ede..618e6941d8 100644 --- a/psa/105/036.md +++ b/psa/105/036.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He killed every firstborn in their land, the firstfruits of all their strength Here the second phrase about the "firstfruits" is used to describe the "firstborn" in the first phrase. Alternate translation: "He killed every firstborn in their land, which were the firstfruits of all their strength" or "Then Yahweh killed the oldest son in every house of the people of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/037.md b/psa/105/037.md index ed5ed4a4b3..a2a4208bd1 100644 --- a/psa/105/037.md +++ b/psa/105/037.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When the Israelites left Egypt they took silver and gold with them. Alternate tr # none of his tribes stumbled on the way "every one of his tribes was able to make the journey" - diff --git a/psa/105/038.md b/psa/105/038.md index d76b75ae87..e225da2999 100644 --- a/psa/105/038.md +++ b/psa/105/038.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Egypt was glad Here "Egypt" refers to the people who live in Egypt. Alternate translation: The people of Egypt were glad (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/039.md b/psa/105/039.md index a4957fa3d8..f1b6ab67c8 100644 --- a/psa/105/039.md +++ b/psa/105/039.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the psalmist describes Yahweh placing a cloud in the sky as if he were spre # made a fire to light up the night Yahweh placed a pillar of fire in the sky to give light during the night. Alternate translation: "placed a fire it the sky to light up the night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/040.md b/psa/105/040.md index 230de08247..d796eada2b 100644 --- a/psa/105/040.md +++ b/psa/105/040.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It may be helpful to make clear that quail are small birds Yahweh sent for them # with bread from heaven Yahweh caused manna, a type of bread, to fall from the sky. Alternate translation: "with bread that fell from the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/041.md b/psa/105/041.md index 419d0b9d9b..fea4abb7f2 100644 --- a/psa/105/041.md +++ b/psa/105/041.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they flowed "the waters flowed" - diff --git a/psa/105/042.md b/psa/105/042.md index 87a741e6bd..a6ae5e7ce0 100644 --- a/psa/105/042.md +++ b/psa/105/042.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # called to mind This means to remember. Alternate translation: "remembered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/043.md b/psa/105/043.md index 8a8546eb29..6a15f4c4d2 100644 --- a/psa/105/043.md +++ b/psa/105/043.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "chosen" refers to Yahweh's chosen people. Alternate translation: "his chos # shouts of triumph the sound that people make when they are shouting with joy because they have defeated their enemies - diff --git a/psa/105/044.md b/psa/105/044.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/105/044.md +++ b/psa/105/044.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/105/045.md b/psa/105/045.md index 12acf22f33..02892f1d51 100644 --- a/psa/105/045.md +++ b/psa/105/045.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # keep his statutes and obey his laws These two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together for emphasis. "To keep" his statutes means to obey them. Alternate translation: "obey his laws and statutes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/105/intro.md b/psa/105/intro.md index 5f529dfe58..4934be0c67 100644 --- a/psa/105/intro.md +++ b/psa/105/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 105 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 105 is the third in a series of five psalms of praise to God. (Psalm 103-107) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's protection -#### Yahweh's protection God protected Abraham and Jacob. He worked throughout Israel's history to bring Israel into the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God protected Abraham and Jacob. He worked throughout Israel's history to bring * __[Psalms 105:1](../../psa/105/001.md)__ __[<<](../104/intro.md) | [>>](../106/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/106/001.md b/psa/106/001.md index 37928f8061..b728694a3f 100644 --- a/psa/106/001.md +++ b/psa/106/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # for his covenant faithfulness endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "for he remains faithful to his covenant forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/002.md b/psa/106/002.md index bcaf377091..3ac6b66532 100644 --- a/psa/106/002.md +++ b/psa/106/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author asks this question to praise God and does not expect an answer. Alter # praiseworthy deeds "deeds that are worthy of praise" - diff --git a/psa/106/003.md b/psa/106/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/106/003.md +++ b/psa/106/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/106/004.md b/psa/106/004.md index a4c7bac05f..6813cb370e 100644 --- a/psa/106/004.md +++ b/psa/106/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Call me to mind The phrase "call to mind" means to remember something. Alternate translation: "remember me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/005.md b/psa/106/005.md index 3142ebb0a1..2deaca984d 100644 --- a/psa/106/005.md +++ b/psa/106/005.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ joy, delight # glory with your inheritance Here the phrase "your inheritance" refers to the Isrealites, who are Yahweh's chosen people. Here "glory" means "to boast about" something; in this case they are boasting about Yahweh. Alternate translation: "boast of your greatness with your people" or "boast with your people about you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/006.md b/psa/106/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/106/006.md +++ b/psa/106/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/106/007.md b/psa/106/007.md index 77f5134a34..1ddf7dc2c7 100644 --- a/psa/106/007.md +++ b/psa/106/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate # at the sea ... the Sea of Reeds These two phrases refer to the same sea. The second is the name of the sea. - diff --git a/psa/106/008.md b/psa/106/008.md index 67aff2885f..e46a07c710 100644 --- a/psa/106/008.md +++ b/psa/106/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # for his name's sake Here "his name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "for the sake of his own reputation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/009.md b/psa/106/009.md index 87244310ff..0a43a7b6d3 100644 --- a/psa/106/009.md +++ b/psa/106/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # through the depths, as through a wilderness Here David compares the way that Yahweh led the Isrealites through the Sea of Reeds to the way people can be led across the dry ground of a wilderness. "The depths" refers the riverbed that appeared after Yahweh parted the waters. Alternate translation: "through the Seas of Reeds on dry ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/010.md b/psa/106/010.md index 20c92ae6c8..379c884d3a 100644 --- a/psa/106/010.md +++ b/psa/106/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasi # the hand of those who hated them Here "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate translation: "the power of those who hated them" or "the control of those who hated them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/011.md b/psa/106/011.md index 18f60b7f1b..b7dcacea7c 100644 --- a/psa/106/011.md +++ b/psa/106/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # covered their adversaries This is a polite way to talk about them drowning. Alternate translation: "drowned their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/012.md b/psa/106/012.md index 074d4c3f7c..3c929c934b 100644 --- a/psa/106/012.md +++ b/psa/106/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then they believed his words Here the word "they" refers to "their ancestors" and the word "his" refers to "Yahweh." - diff --git a/psa/106/013.md b/psa/106/013.md index 327cc8afcf..6b8fbf9799 100644 --- a/psa/106/013.md +++ b/psa/106/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they did not wait for his instructions It is implied that they did things without waiting to find out what Yahweh wanted them to go. Alternate translation: "they did things without first waiting for Yahweh's instructions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/014.md b/psa/106/014.md index c6ffb351ae..7bc8886fec 100644 --- a/psa/106/014.md +++ b/psa/106/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they challenged God "They rebelled against God" - diff --git a/psa/106/015.md b/psa/106/015.md index 651b9be211..3718e66616 100644 --- a/psa/106/015.md +++ b/psa/106/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here David speaks about Yahweh causing the people to be afflicted by a disease a # a horrible disease a disease that caused people to slowly become weak and caused some of them to die - diff --git a/psa/106/016.md b/psa/106/016.md index ed99ece966..e9e34b356e 100644 --- a/psa/106/016.md +++ b/psa/106/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In the camp This refers to the Israelites' camp in the wilderness. Alternate translation: "In the camp in the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/017.md b/psa/106/017.md index 4e3f67e8e3..919b880962 100644 --- a/psa/106/017.md +++ b/psa/106/017.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The followers of Abiram were also buried when the earth opened and buried Dathan # Abiram This was an official who rebelled against Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/018.md b/psa/106/018.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/106/018.md +++ b/psa/106/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/106/019.md b/psa/106/019.md index 9bca55a3aa..29cd442721 100644 --- a/psa/106/019.md +++ b/psa/106/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They made a calf at Horeb and worshiped a cast metal figure This information can be reordered so that it is clear that the calf was the cast metal figure. Alternate translation: "At Horeb, they made a cast metal figure of a calf and worshiped it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/020.md b/psa/106/020.md index 85f1bd9bce..d28ef36056 100644 --- a/psa/106/020.md +++ b/psa/106/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that instead of worshiping God they worshiped the image of the bull. # the glory of God Here God is referred to by his glory. Alternate translation: "their glorious God" or "God who is glorious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/021.md b/psa/106/021.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/106/021.md +++ b/psa/106/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/106/022.md b/psa/106/022.md index 0089ce2cdf..4c4d68dbb1 100644 --- a/psa/106/022.md +++ b/psa/106/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the land of Ham This refers to the land where Ham's descendants lived. Alternate translation: "the land where Ham's descendant live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-possession]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/023.md b/psa/106/023.md index 92bc02839a..1f1608d1e1 100644 --- a/psa/106/023.md +++ b/psa/106/023.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # stood in the breach before him, to turn away his anger from destroying them Here David speaks about Moses persuading Yahweh not to destroy the Israelites as intervening with him in the breach. Alternate translation: "stood between Yahweh and the Israelites and begged Yahweh to not destroy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/024.md b/psa/106/024.md index bc5657b6f5..4258fbe158 100644 --- a/psa/106/024.md +++ b/psa/106/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his promise This refers to Yahweh's promise that he would allow them to take the land of Canaan as their possession. - diff --git a/psa/106/025.md b/psa/106/025.md index cb551d77c0..2b387b959f 100644 --- a/psa/106/025.md +++ b/psa/106/025.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # grumbled complained - diff --git a/psa/106/026.md b/psa/106/026.md index 6c96d05ab2..7948608c30 100644 --- a/psa/106/026.md +++ b/psa/106/026.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # raised his hand The word "his" refers to Yahweh. Also, it was custom to raise a hand when swearing an oath. - diff --git a/psa/106/027.md b/psa/106/027.md index a98190df9b..cfaee7b5e3 100644 --- a/psa/106/027.md +++ b/psa/106/027.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together for emph # scatter This means to disperse or spread out something. - diff --git a/psa/106/028.md b/psa/106/028.md index 14b54e539a..8bff424330 100644 --- a/psa/106/028.md +++ b/psa/106/028.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sacrifices that t # to the dead "The dead" refers to the idols and gods that the Israelites were worshiping. Alternate translation: "to gods who are dead" or "to lifeless gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/029.md b/psa/106/029.md index c878d5357e..40b6a38977 100644 --- a/psa/106/029.md +++ b/psa/106/029.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # provoked him to anger "angered him" - diff --git a/psa/106/030.md b/psa/106/030.md index a0d3285b46..bfef26e9ed 100644 --- a/psa/106/030.md +++ b/psa/106/030.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then Phinehas stood up and mediated Phinehas stood between God and the people, punishing the people for their sin. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Then Phinehas rose to punish the people on God's behalf because of their sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/031.md b/psa/106/031.md index 614aa7b31c..b64c79398d 100644 --- a/psa/106/031.md +++ b/psa/106/031.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It was counted to him as a righteous deed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People credited it to him as a righteous deed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/032.md b/psa/106/032.md index 4006403135..46d8695a27 100644 --- a/psa/106/032.md +++ b/psa/106/032.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # suffered because of them Moses suffered because of the peoples' sin. Here the word "them" is a pronoun for the people and a metonym referring to their sin. Alternate translation: "suffered because of their actions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/033.md b/psa/106/033.md index 1bdae2828e..67dc371e17 100644 --- a/psa/106/033.md +++ b/psa/106/033.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They made his spirit bitter Possible meanings: 1) The word "his" refers to Moses. Alternate translation: "They were rebellious against Moses." Or 2) The word "his" refers to God. Alternate translation: "They were rebellious against the Spirit of God." - diff --git a/psa/106/034.md b/psa/106/034.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/106/034.md +++ b/psa/106/034.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/106/035.md b/psa/106/035.md index fa6de47fd9..dd616d9048 100644 --- a/psa/106/035.md +++ b/psa/106/035.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # but they mingled with the nations Hey David speaks of the people intermarrying with the women from other nations as "mingling" with them. Alternate translation: "but they mixed in marriage with the other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/036.md b/psa/106/036.md index 0a8f8ab22d..0ba1f94cba 100644 --- a/psa/106/036.md +++ b/psa/106/036.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # which became a snare to them The idols became a snare to them. - diff --git a/psa/106/037.md b/psa/106/037.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/106/037.md +++ b/psa/106/037.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/106/038.md b/psa/106/038.md index 4811b70eb2..5f2eabb2fb 100644 --- a/psa/106/038.md +++ b/psa/106/038.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They shed innocent blood, the blood of their sons and of their daughters The phrase "shedding blood" is a descriptive euphemism used for "killing." Alternate translation: "They shed innocent blood when they killed their sons and daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/039.md b/psa/106/039.md index 750e1f8e99..fb3715c603 100644 --- a/psa/106/039.md +++ b/psa/106/039.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Their deeds defiled t # in their actions they were like prostitutes Here David compares their unfaithfulness to Yahweh to the unfaithfulness of a prostitute. Alternate translation: "they were as unfaithful to Yahweh as prostitutes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/040.md b/psa/106/040.md index 6b6aa0bec9..eae825cb9b 100644 --- a/psa/106/040.md +++ b/psa/106/040.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So Yahweh was angry with his people ... he abhorred his inheritance "So Yahweh was angry with his people and despised them" - diff --git a/psa/106/041.md b/psa/106/041.md index 9841f45d8c..0800a74110 100644 --- a/psa/106/041.md +++ b/psa/106/041.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate translation: "God allowed the # those who hated them "people who hated them" - diff --git a/psa/106/042.md b/psa/106/042.md index 0d5a2dfcd3..f43437ba95 100644 --- a/psa/106/042.md +++ b/psa/106/042.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they were brought into subjection to their authority This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "their enemies caused them to be subject to their authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/043.md b/psa/106/043.md index 62610b2273..a07b18e4f7 100644 --- a/psa/106/043.md +++ b/psa/106/043.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were brought low by their own iniquity Here the phrase "brought low" means to be destroyed. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "their iniquity ruined them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/044.md b/psa/106/044.md index 0192a27696..808d5a32ab 100644 --- a/psa/106/044.md +++ b/psa/106/044.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # their distress "their affliction" or "their suffering" - diff --git a/psa/106/045.md b/psa/106/045.md index b3fe2863ff..a2874f4ce2 100644 --- a/psa/106/045.md +++ b/psa/106/045.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "call to mind" means to remember something. Alternate translation: "r # He ... relented because of his steadfast love "He ... decided that because he still loved them very much he would not punish them" - diff --git a/psa/106/046.md b/psa/106/046.md index b66713dcd9..36adb50dd7 100644 --- a/psa/106/046.md +++ b/psa/106/046.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to have pity on them "to be compassionate on them" - diff --git a/psa/106/047.md b/psa/106/047.md index be77c40fb7..c99f106295 100644 --- a/psa/106/047.md +++ b/psa/106/047.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here 106:48 is more than the end of this psalm. It is the closing statement for # to your holy name Here Yahweh is referred to by his "holy name." Alternate translation: "to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/048.md b/psa/106/048.md index a6de84badc..09604bf58d 100644 --- a/psa/106/048.md +++ b/psa/106/048.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May people praise Yah # from everlasting to everlasting This refers to two extremes and means for all time. See how you translated this in [Psalms 41:13](../041/013.md). Alternate translation: "for all eternity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/106/intro.md b/psa/106/intro.md index 427bdabaef..284e103c65 100644 --- a/psa/106/intro.md +++ b/psa/106/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 106 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 106 is the fourth in a series of five psalms of praise to God. (Psalm 103-107) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel's sin -#### Israel's sin Although Israel continually sinned in the desert, God still took them to the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Although Israel continually sinned in the desert, God still took them to the Pro * __[Psalms 106:1](../../psa/106/001.md)__ __[<<](../105/intro.md) | [>>](../107/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/107/001.md b/psa/107/001.md index 798362a160..0dbe2c2fdd 100644 --- a/psa/107/001.md +++ b/psa/107/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # his covenant faithfulness endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "he remains faithful to his covenant forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/002.md b/psa/107/002.md index 582da1ec43..740b9e48e6 100644 --- a/psa/107/002.md +++ b/psa/107/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means to tell others about something. Alternate translation: "tell about wh # from the hand of the enemy Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "from the power of the enemy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/003.md b/psa/107/003.md index 4ecd62ecd7..532e976071 100644 --- a/psa/107/003.md +++ b/psa/107/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from the east ... and from the south Here the four directions are given to emphasize that he has gathered them from nations in every direction. Alternate translation: "from every direction" or "from every part of the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/004.md b/psa/107/004.md index 34f758402b..cd04e3e33b 100644 --- a/psa/107/004.md +++ b/psa/107/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # in which to live "that they could live in" - diff --git a/psa/107/005.md b/psa/107/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/107/005.md +++ b/psa/107/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/107/006.md b/psa/107/006.md index ea59eaedcd..473ba84538 100644 --- a/psa/107/006.md +++ b/psa/107/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that they are praying to Yahweh so that he will help them. Alterna # their distress "their difficulties" or "their afflictions" - diff --git a/psa/107/007.md b/psa/107/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/107/007.md +++ b/psa/107/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/107/008.md b/psa/107/008.md index 5a0948e180..4e2f7148b6 100644 --- a/psa/107/008.md +++ b/psa/107/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "Oh" is used to show that the writer has a strong desire for peopl # for humanity "for all people" - diff --git a/psa/107/009.md b/psa/107/009.md index 1b7a21252d..532612ca78 100644 --- a/psa/107/009.md +++ b/psa/107/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the desires of those who are hungry he fills up with good things "to those who are very hungry and desire food, he give them good things to eat" - diff --git a/psa/107/010.md b/psa/107/010.md index 0b7c1d4a3c..07abe90217 100644 --- a/psa/107/010.md +++ b/psa/107/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that these are people that Yahweh has rescued. Alternate translati # in the shadow of death Possible meanings are 1) they thought that their captors would kill them or 2) the prison had no light and was very dark. - diff --git a/psa/107/011.md b/psa/107/011.md index 2a09d30bb1..9c3177bf28 100644 --- a/psa/107/011.md +++ b/psa/107/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they had rebelled against God's word ... rejected the instruction of the Most High These phrases have similar meanings and emphasize how much they had rebelled again God, which is why they had been imprisoned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/012.md b/psa/107/012.md index 1b0dfc4327..49693185c6 100644 --- a/psa/107/012.md +++ b/psa/107/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "trouble" or 2) "hard labor." # they stumbled and there was no one to help them up The word "stumbled" refers to times when these people got into very difficult situations. Alternate translation: "they got into trouble and there was no one to help them out of it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/013.md b/psa/107/013.md index d6da687c19..f2fbbce7b1 100644 --- a/psa/107/013.md +++ b/psa/107/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that they are praying to Yahweh so that he will help them. See how # their distress "difficulties" or "afflictions." See how you translated this in [Psalms 107:6](../107/006.md) - diff --git a/psa/107/014.md b/psa/107/014.md index 707e07ae58..9ad2cb61bd 100644 --- a/psa/107/014.md +++ b/psa/107/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # darkness and gloom Both "darkness" and "gloom" have basically the same meaning and are used to emphasize how dark the prison was. See how you translated this in [Psalms 107:10](../107/010.md). Alternate translation: "complete darkness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/015.md b/psa/107/015.md index 72e0cde19a..461a0a2a90 100644 --- a/psa/107/015.md +++ b/psa/107/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Oh that people would praise Yahweh for his covenant faithfulness Here the word "Oh" is used to show that the writer has a strong desire for people to praise Yahweh. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. See how you translated this in [Psalms 107:8](../107/008.md). Alternate translation: "Let people praise Yahweh because he is faithful to his covenant" or "People should praise Yahweh because he is faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/016.md b/psa/107/016.md index 88221395ea..0e381eb0dc 100644 --- a/psa/107/016.md +++ b/psa/107/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # For he has broken the gates of bronze and cut through the bars of iron Both of these phrases describe Yahweh freeing his people from prison and are used to emphasize that Yahweh truly freed them. Alternate translation: "He freed his people from prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/017.md b/psa/107/017.md index 72c66f05fd..63daee1063 100644 --- a/psa/107/017.md +++ b/psa/107/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and afflicted "and they suffered." Specifically they were afflicted by becoming sick. Alternate translation: "and they became sick" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/018.md b/psa/107/018.md index 046469e2d3..7be65e22fe 100644 --- a/psa/107/018.md +++ b/psa/107/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they came close to the gates of death Here the act of "dying" is described as a place, "the gates of death" Alternate translation: "they almost died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/019.md b/psa/107/019.md index 9674b98420..3398f8651f 100644 --- a/psa/107/019.md +++ b/psa/107/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Then they called out to Yahweh in their trouble It is implied that they are praying to Yahweh so that he will help them. See how you translated this in [Psalms 107:6](../107/006.md). Alternate translation: "Then they prayed to Yahweh to help them in their trouble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/020.md b/psa/107/020.md index dcc5d5e697..dd3dbfc093 100644 --- a/psa/107/020.md +++ b/psa/107/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He sent his word and healed them Here David describes Yahweh speaking as sending his words as if they were a messenger. Possible meanings are 1) "He commanded for them to be healed and they were healed" or 2) "He encouraged them and healed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/021.md b/psa/107/021.md index 72e0cde19a..461a0a2a90 100644 --- a/psa/107/021.md +++ b/psa/107/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Oh that people would praise Yahweh for his covenant faithfulness Here the word "Oh" is used to show that the writer has a strong desire for people to praise Yahweh. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. See how you translated this in [Psalms 107:8](../107/008.md). Alternate translation: "Let people praise Yahweh because he is faithful to his covenant" or "People should praise Yahweh because he is faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/022.md b/psa/107/022.md index 1b99bf1ed0..f690d84182 100644 --- a/psa/107/022.md +++ b/psa/107/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with shouts of joy "by singing about them" - diff --git a/psa/107/023.md b/psa/107/023.md index 7a7d4fbbe5..93642807ef 100644 --- a/psa/107/023.md +++ b/psa/107/023.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and do business overseas They would sail to places and buy and sell things with the people there. Alternate translation: "selling things in cities far away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/024.md b/psa/107/024.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/107/024.md +++ b/psa/107/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/107/025.md b/psa/107/025.md index 052d69e630..b7fc7dad25 100644 --- a/psa/107/025.md +++ b/psa/107/025.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a strong wind, like the wind that accompanies a strong rain storm # that stirs up the seas Here David describes the winds causing the waves to become high as if the wind was an object fiercely stirring something. Alternate translation: "that caused the waves of the sea to become very high" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/026.md b/psa/107/026.md index ca2243b5ad..86fb6cee52 100644 --- a/psa/107/026.md +++ b/psa/107/026.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This describes the ships rising and falling with the waves. The extremes of risi # Their lives melted away in distress This idiom describes the sailors' great fear. Alternate translation: "The men were terrified and greatly distressed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/027.md b/psa/107/027.md index 6a3627bc40..e60a6e68a3 100644 --- a/psa/107/027.md +++ b/psa/107/027.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # were at their wits' end The phrase "at their wit's end" means that they did not know what to do. Alternate translation: "and they did not know what to do" or "they had no idea what to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/028.md b/psa/107/028.md index 2ea01dc1fd..7292cca4a5 100644 --- a/psa/107/028.md +++ b/psa/107/028.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the sailors. # he brought them "he guided them" - diff --git a/psa/107/029.md b/psa/107/029.md index 65c84b069c..54df5b06d9 100644 --- a/psa/107/029.md +++ b/psa/107/029.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the waves were stilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he made the waves still" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/030.md b/psa/107/030.md index 6a0b596977..d6a4d2c3f7 100644 --- a/psa/107/030.md +++ b/psa/107/030.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their desired harbor "to the harbor where they wanted to go" - diff --git a/psa/107/031.md b/psa/107/031.md index 72e0cde19a..461a0a2a90 100644 --- a/psa/107/031.md +++ b/psa/107/031.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Oh that people would praise Yahweh for his covenant faithfulness Here the word "Oh" is used to show that the writer has a strong desire for people to praise Yahweh. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. See how you translated this in [Psalms 107:8](../107/008.md). Alternate translation: "Let people praise Yahweh because he is faithful to his covenant" or "People should praise Yahweh because he is faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/032.md b/psa/107/032.md index a3656109cf..3c5aa5b511 100644 --- a/psa/107/032.md +++ b/psa/107/032.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # praise him in the council of the elders "when the elders sit together." The elders sat together to discuss issues in the community and to make decisions for the community. - diff --git a/psa/107/033.md b/psa/107/033.md index 92062e5458..490cd68e2f 100644 --- a/psa/107/033.md +++ b/psa/107/033.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He turns "Yahweh makes" - diff --git a/psa/107/034.md b/psa/107/034.md index f12c91ec37..14117b595a 100644 --- a/psa/107/034.md +++ b/psa/107/034.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of the wickedness of its people "because the people that live there are wicked" - diff --git a/psa/107/035.md b/psa/107/035.md index 26e90f6b2d..d16a344892 100644 --- a/psa/107/035.md +++ b/psa/107/035.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He turns the wilderness into a pool of water and dry land into springs of water Both of these phrases have similar meaning and emphasize how Yahweh makes water appear in the wilderness. Alternate translation: "He make springs and lakes in land that used to be desert" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/036.md b/psa/107/036.md index 9ca0cc2077..4fff52f1a5 100644 --- a/psa/107/036.md +++ b/psa/107/036.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He settles the hungry there The word "there" refers to the places where Yahweh made springs and lakes appear. Also, the phrase "the hungry" refers to people who are hungry. Alternate translation: "Yahweh makes people who are hungry live there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/037.md b/psa/107/037.md index 7b6f984656..b903614f4c 100644 --- a/psa/107/037.md +++ b/psa/107/037.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that yielded a fruitful harvest "that produced a plentiful harvest" - diff --git a/psa/107/038.md b/psa/107/038.md index 50833d3d30..c07781d781 100644 --- a/psa/107/038.md +++ b/psa/107/038.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He does not let their livestock decrease in number This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "He keeps their livestock very numerous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/039.md b/psa/107/039.md index 8d9fbf8881..c2e45c1ea5 100644 --- a/psa/107/039.md +++ b/psa/107/039.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Their leaders diminis # brought low This means to be humiliated. Alternate translation: "humiliated" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/040.md b/psa/107/040.md index a004a3a9d1..7256cb9079 100644 --- a/psa/107/040.md +++ b/psa/107/040.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here David speaks of Yahweh showing contempt for the leaders as if contempt were # where there are no roads "where people never go" - diff --git a/psa/107/041.md b/psa/107/041.md index 8c23d7c8be..ae61eddb21 100644 --- a/psa/107/041.md +++ b/psa/107/041.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to needy people. Alternate translation: "needy people" or "poor peop # cares for his families like a flock Here David compares how Yahweh cares for his people to how a shepherd cares for his sheep. Possible meanings are 1) "makes the number of people in their families increase like flocks" or 2) "takes care of them like a shepherd cares for his sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/042.md b/psa/107/042.md index 0b92d9c5b7..66a989e5d7 100644 --- a/psa/107/042.md +++ b/psa/107/042.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here wicked people are referred to as "wickedness." Alternate translation: "all # shuts its mouth This means to not say anything in response. Alternate translation: "has nothing to say against Yahweh in reply" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/043.md b/psa/107/043.md index e2f6d1e20a..f5d9ad4162 100644 --- a/psa/107/043.md +++ b/psa/107/043.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means to think about these things. Alternate translation: "think about thes # meditate on Yahweh's acts of covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "meditate on the things that Yahweh has done that show that he is faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/107/intro.md b/psa/107/intro.md index b46997c7da..d4d6d9d2b5 100644 --- a/psa/107/intro.md +++ b/psa/107/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 107 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 107 is the last in a series of five psalms of praise to God (Psalm 103-107). -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Praise +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise + The psalmist praises Yahweh for saving people lost in the desert, in prison, sick, in a storm at sea, homeless and oppressed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ The psalmist praises Yahweh for saving people lost in the desert, in prison, sic * __[Psalms 107:1](../../psa/107/001.md)__ __[<<](../106/intro.md) | [>>](../108/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/108/001.md b/psa/108/001.md index 0d73066766..3dd8107db9 100644 --- a/psa/108/001.md +++ b/psa/108/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here David is referring to himself by his heart. Also, the word "fixed" means to # I will sing, yes, I will sing praises with all my glory Here David is represented by his "glory." David refers to himself as having the honor of praising God. Alternate translation: "You honor me by allowing me to sing praises to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/108/002.md b/psa/108/002.md index 581b74bebb..e07264f1f0 100644 --- a/psa/108/002.md +++ b/psa/108/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here David is describing the dawn waking up like a person waking up in the morni # dawn when the sun rises - diff --git a/psa/108/003.md b/psa/108/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/108/003.md +++ b/psa/108/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/108/004.md b/psa/108/004.md index ba54cb75b4..7a871b3bb6 100644 --- a/psa/108/004.md +++ b/psa/108/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your covenant faithfulness is great above the heavens; and your trustworthiness reaches to the skies These two phrases have similar meanings. They speak of the greatness of Yahweh's covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness as if they were objects that were tall enough to reach up to the sky. The abstract nouns "faithfulness" and "trustworthiness" can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "For your covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness are greater than the distance between heaven and earth" or "For you are more faithful to your covenant and more worthy of people trusting you than the sky is higher than the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/108/005.md b/psa/108/005.md index bcdf16fa40..f24cc9cf19 100644 --- a/psa/108/005.md +++ b/psa/108/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist is asking God to show that he is exalted. Being exalted above the h # may your glory be exalted Here Yahweh is referred to by his "glory." Alternate translation: "may you be exalted" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/108/006.md b/psa/108/006.md index feb1130d79..4152f020c6 100644 --- a/psa/108/006.md +++ b/psa/108/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Yahweh's "right hand" refers to his power. Alternate translation: "by your # answer me Answering here represents responding to his request. Alternate translation: "respond to my request" or "answer my prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/108/007.md b/psa/108/007.md index e037e2afe6..21cc44b870 100644 --- a/psa/108/007.md +++ b/psa/108/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here God is speaking about dividing the land of Shechem and the Valley of Sukkot # apportion to divide into portions - diff --git a/psa/108/008.md b/psa/108/008.md index 90d1f96c1a..c45efef990 100644 --- a/psa/108/008.md +++ b/psa/108/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a hard hat that soldiers wear to protect their heads from injury # Judah is my scepter God chose men from the tribe of Judah to be the kings of his people, and he speaks of that tribe as if it were his scepter. Alternate translation: "The tribe of Judah is like my scepter" or "Judah is the tribe through whom I rule my people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/108/009.md b/psa/108/009.md index 8ea8b9173f..e8842441ba 100644 --- a/psa/108/009.md +++ b/psa/108/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of Moab being unimportant as if Moab were a washbasin or a lowly serv # over Edom I will throw my sandal God was probably speaking of taking ownership of Edom as if he were symbolically throwing his sandal onto that land to show that he owns it. However some versions have other interpretations. Alternate translation: "I take ownership of the land of Edom" or "I throw my sandal onto the land of Edom to show that it is mine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/108/010.md b/psa/108/010.md index 898ad591bd..6d3eef53f2 100644 --- a/psa/108/010.md +++ b/psa/108/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This verse is the same as [Psalms 60:9](../060/009.md). - diff --git a/psa/108/011.md b/psa/108/011.md index 11b6d1fbed..fada6a026a 100644 --- a/psa/108/011.md +++ b/psa/108/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist uses this question to express his sadness that it seems that God ha # You do not go into battle with our army The psalmist speaks of God helping their army as if God were to go and fight with them. Alternate translation: "you do not help our army when we go into battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/108/012.md b/psa/108/012.md index 4c2f501cc5..09dc044118 100644 --- a/psa/108/012.md +++ b/psa/108/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This verse is the same as [Psalms 60:11](../060/011.md). # is futile "is worthless" - diff --git a/psa/108/013.md b/psa/108/013.md index 13644013f8..06fec51f95 100644 --- a/psa/108/013.md +++ b/psa/108/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This verse is the same as [Psalms 60:12](../060/012.md). # he will trample down our enemies The psalmist speaks of God helping their army defeat their enemies as if God were to trample down the enemies. Alternate translation: "he will enable us to trample down our enemies" or "he will make us able to defeat our enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/108/intro.md b/psa/108/intro.md index e895e00e79..74e30bd49f 100644 --- a/psa/108/intro.md +++ b/psa/108/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 108 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 108 is a psalm of war. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Victory -#### Victory God promised success to the psalmist, but Yahweh failed to help him conquer the country of Edom. He needed God to give him victory over Edom. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God promised success to the psalmist, but Yahweh failed to help him conquer the * __[Psalms 108:1](../../psa/108/001.md)__ __[<<](../107/intro.md) | [>>](../109/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/109/001.md b/psa/109/001.md index 063eac9de9..8aee7f1915 100644 --- a/psa/109/001.md +++ b/psa/109/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # For the chief musician "This is for the director of music to use in worship." - diff --git a/psa/109/002.md b/psa/109/002.md index 061c132e46..d0c1ce4fa1 100644 --- a/psa/109/002.md +++ b/psa/109/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the wicked and deceitful The words "wicked" and "deceitful" refer to people. They have similar meanings and emphasize how bad these people are. Alternate translation: "For wicked and deceitful men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/003.md b/psa/109/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/109/003.md +++ b/psa/109/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/109/004.md b/psa/109/004.md index b8932d2aca..1daae497cc 100644 --- a/psa/109/004.md +++ b/psa/109/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # they accuse me The word "they" refers to the people who are wicked and deceitful. You may need to make explicit that those who accuse the psalmist do so falsely. Alternate translation: "they accuse me falsely" or "they slander me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/005.md b/psa/109/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/109/005.md +++ b/psa/109/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/109/006.md b/psa/109/006.md index 9907d0cfdd..27b2459e3c 100644 --- a/psa/109/006.md +++ b/psa/109/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are parallel and the phrases "a wicked man" and "an accuser" r # at his right hand "at my enemy's right hand" - diff --git a/psa/109/007.md b/psa/109/007.md index e2b9e50304..fb4577ab7e 100644 --- a/psa/109/007.md +++ b/psa/109/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When he is on trial, # may his prayer be considered sinful This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "consider his prayer sinful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/008.md b/psa/109/008.md index 253633d25f..62637ed770 100644 --- a/psa/109/008.md +++ b/psa/109/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "his days" refers to the length of his life. Alternate translation: " # his office "his position of authority" - diff --git a/psa/109/009.md b/psa/109/009.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/109/009.md +++ b/psa/109/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/109/010.md b/psa/109/010.md index fc4bd3e527..9fd9af23fa 100644 --- a/psa/109/010.md +++ b/psa/109/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their ruined home "their destroyed homes" - diff --git a/psa/109/011.md b/psa/109/011.md index 32d0000c37..77414dcd64 100644 --- a/psa/109/011.md +++ b/psa/109/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ someone who lends money to another person but expects that the person will pay t # plunder steal by force - diff --git a/psa/109/012.md b/psa/109/012.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/109/012.md +++ b/psa/109/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/109/013.md b/psa/109/013.md index e7bcd456b2..57e5d5de5b 100644 --- a/psa/109/013.md +++ b/psa/109/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Cause his descendants # may their name be blotted out in the next generation Here the idea of there being no one to carry on the family name is spoke of as "their name being blotted out." Alternate translation: "may there be no one to carry on his name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/014.md b/psa/109/014.md index 010f7996bd..987f7f5160 100644 --- a/psa/109/014.md +++ b/psa/109/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May Yahweh remember t # may the sin of his mother not be forgotten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May you not forget the sins that his mother committed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/015.md b/psa/109/015.md index 258c33db6d..a4f50556f9 100644 --- a/psa/109/015.md +++ b/psa/109/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here David speaks about Yahweh thinking about their sins as if their sins were s # may he cut off their memory from the earth David uses the word "earth" to refer to all the people that live on the earth. Also, the phrase "their memory" refers to people remembering the wicked after they have died. Alternate translation: "may Yahweh make it so that no one on earth remembers those wicked people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/016.md b/psa/109/016.md index 1cf02b9876..7c61e9b07c 100644 --- a/psa/109/016.md +++ b/psa/109/016.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) people who are very sad or 2) people who are discourage # to death "until they died." This means that he harassed them until they died. - diff --git a/psa/109/017.md b/psa/109/017.md index ee8b89dd05..aeaba9dfcc 100644 --- a/psa/109/017.md +++ b/psa/109/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # may it come back upon him "may his curses come upon him" - diff --git a/psa/109/018.md b/psa/109/018.md index 94d04b484d..4a689e3138 100644 --- a/psa/109/018.md +++ b/psa/109/018.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are: 1) He spoke curses so often that they became a part of hi # like oil into his bones People believed that oil rubbed on the skin went into the bones. - diff --git a/psa/109/019.md b/psa/109/019.md index afed06e0d7..7d3dca4c3b 100644 --- a/psa/109/019.md +++ b/psa/109/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People wore their clothes everyday. David speaks of a wicked person always being # like the belt he always wears The words "may his curses be to him" are understood from the previous phrase. They may be repeated here. Alternate translation: "may his curses be to him like the belt he always wears" or "and let his curses always be on him like the belt he always wears" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/020.md b/psa/109/020.md index 77b5d93927..46af96f7e1 100644 --- a/psa/109/020.md +++ b/psa/109/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May this be the reward "May these curses be the reward" - diff --git a/psa/109/021.md b/psa/109/021.md index 7b118538b8..2b269e4291 100644 --- a/psa/109/021.md +++ b/psa/109/021.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a request for Yahweh to treat him kindly. Alternate translation: "treat # Because your covenant faithfulness is good The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "Because you are good and are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/022.md b/psa/109/022.md index ff1e92810e..3c968f512f 100644 --- a/psa/109/022.md +++ b/psa/109/022.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two words have similar meanings and emphasize that he is unable to help hi # my heart is wounded within me Here David speaks of being in great despair as his heart being wounded. Alternate translation: "I am full of grief and despair" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/023.md b/psa/109/023.md index feff7ea45c..76f5b361c5 100644 --- a/psa/109/023.md +++ b/psa/109/023.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am fading away like the shadow ... like a locust David feels like he is going to die soon and describes this feeling by comparing himself to a fading shadow and to how the wind blows away locust. Alternate translation: "I feel like I am about to die, like an evening shadow that will soon disappear, like a locust is easily blown away by the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/025.md b/psa/109/025.md index d1341869b9..31892d9c50 100644 --- a/psa/109/025.md +++ b/psa/109/025.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My accusers ridicule # shake their heads This is an act of disapproval. - diff --git a/psa/109/026.md b/psa/109/026.md index 33ea570a4f..bc3d125450 100644 --- a/psa/109/026.md +++ b/psa/109/026.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # save me by your covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "save me because you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/027.md b/psa/109/027.md index 0c42f8b2e3..39fbc3e452 100644 --- a/psa/109/027.md +++ b/psa/109/027.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "this" refers to God saving him. The phrase "your hand" is a metonym fo # have done this "have saved me" - diff --git a/psa/109/028.md b/psa/109/028.md index 806d380439..c0b0b458bd 100644 --- a/psa/109/028.md +++ b/psa/109/028.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "put the to shame" or # but may your servant rejoice "but may I, your servant, rejoice" or "I am your servant, let me rejoice." David uses the phrase "your servant" to refer to himself. - diff --git a/psa/109/029.md b/psa/109/029.md index 5d9c720c32..2b3d4b66a1 100644 --- a/psa/109/029.md +++ b/psa/109/029.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here David speaks of them being ashamed as if were clothing they wore. Alternate # may they wear their shame like a robe David speaks of them being ashamed as if it were a robe that they wore. Alternate translation: "may their shame cover them just like their robe is wrapped around them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/030.md b/psa/109/030.md index 7882bb89cb..db15f5e852 100644 --- a/psa/109/030.md +++ b/psa/109/030.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # With my mouth I give This means that he will speak. Alternate translation: "I will speak and give" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/031.md b/psa/109/031.md index a643259857..942667552d 100644 --- a/psa/109/031.md +++ b/psa/109/031.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will stand at the right hand of the one who is needy This means that he will help and defend the poor person. Alternate translation: "will defend the one who is needy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/109/intro.md b/psa/109/intro.md index d041cb896f..7f8c6410e7 100644 --- a/psa/109/intro.md +++ b/psa/109/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 109 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 109 is a psalm of vengeance against an enemy who has lied about him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Enemies destroyed -#### Enemies destroyed This enemy lied about the psalmist. So he asked God to completely destroy his enemy and his enemy's family. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This enemy lied about the psalmist. So he asked God to completely destroy his en * __[Psalms 109:1](../../psa/109/001.md)__ __[<<](../108/intro.md) | [>>](../110/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/110/001.md b/psa/110/001.md index ca0fd5f052..5f2a6c5647 100644 --- a/psa/110/001.md +++ b/psa/110/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # Sit at my right hand @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The phrase "my right hand" refers to the place of honor. Alternate translation: # make your enemies your footstool Here David describes Yahweh placing his master's enemies under his power and control as putting them under his feet like a footstool. Alternate translation: "put your enemies under your power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/110/002.md b/psa/110/002.md index 1145ea270d..9b878220c4 100644 --- a/psa/110/002.md +++ b/psa/110/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here David speaks of Yahweh extending the area that the king rules as holding ou # rule among your enemies "King, rule among your enemies." This is spoken to the king as a command. - diff --git a/psa/110/003.md b/psa/110/003.md index cb9d28e6c9..94bc405731 100644 --- a/psa/110/003.md +++ b/psa/110/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ David describes the dew as a baby to whom the dawn gives birth. Alternate transl # from the womb of the dawn your youth will be to you like the dew David is telling the king that he will have youthful strength each morning by comparing it to how the dew appears early each morning. Alternate translation: "each morning you will be filled with youthful strength to sustain you just like each morning the dew appears to water and sustain the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/110/004.md b/psa/110/004.md index eee20cfb9f..e9ea9f97aa 100644 --- a/psa/110/004.md +++ b/psa/110/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This means that he will not change what he has said. Alternate translation: "wil # after the manner of Melchizedek The idea of being priest is understood from the previous phrase. It can be stated clearly here. Alternate translation: "after the manner that Melchizedek was priest" or "in the same way that Melchizedek was priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/110/005.md b/psa/110/005.md index 8e393333a7..bd80b1f430 100644 --- a/psa/110/005.md +++ b/psa/110/005.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to his enemies. Alternate translation: "enemy kings" (See: [[rc://en # on the day of his anger Here David speaks of the day when Yahweh will become angry and defeat the kings as "the day of his anger." Alternate translation: "on the day of judgment when his patience turns to anger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/110/006.md b/psa/110/006.md index 38268d6e99..04a1f41494 100644 --- a/psa/110/006.md +++ b/psa/110/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that Yahweh will cause this to happen, not that he will personally ki # he will kill the leaders in many countries This means that Yahweh will cause this to happen, not that he will personally kill the leaders. Alternate translation: "he will cause the leaders in many countries to be killed" or "he will allow the leaders in many countries to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/110/007.md b/psa/110/007.md index 8798b1e53f..ae329bb1e2 100644 --- a/psa/110/007.md +++ b/psa/110/007.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the king lifts up his own head or 2) Yahweh lifts up th # he will lift his head up high after victory People raised their heads when they are victorious, confident, and joyful. Alternate translation: "he will confidently lift his head after victory" or "he will be victorious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/110/intro.md b/psa/110/intro.md index 93d6531f61..3812b8931a 100644 --- a/psa/110/intro.md +++ b/psa/110/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 110 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 110 is a psalm honoring the king as he becomes king and also a prophecy about Christ. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### King -#### King The king will be able to conquer his enemies. Christ is seen as both high priest and king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The king will be able to conquer his enemies. Christ is seen as both high priest * __[Psalms 110:1](../../psa/110/001.md)__ __[<<](../109/intro.md) | [>>](../111/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/111/001.md b/psa/111/001.md index 488eeddf93..9638511c77 100644 --- a/psa/111/001.md +++ b/psa/111/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "heart" represents the person's entire inner being and emotions. A # in the assembly of the upright, in their gathering These two phrases mean that same thing and may be combined if necessary. Alternate translation: "in the gathering of upright people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/111/002.md b/psa/111/002.md index 41e532c32b..2f59e89776 100644 --- a/psa/111/002.md +++ b/psa/111/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "them" refers to the "works of Yahweh." This can be stated in active fo # eagerly awaited Possible meanings are 1) "sought after" or 2) "studied." - diff --git a/psa/111/003.md b/psa/111/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/111/003.md +++ b/psa/111/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/111/004.md b/psa/111/004.md index 70c8509d15..762378554a 100644 --- a/psa/111/004.md +++ b/psa/111/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that will be remembered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that people will always remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/111/005.md b/psa/111/005.md index cc9ed4a123..192555d13b 100644 --- a/psa/111/005.md +++ b/psa/111/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # call to mind This is an idiom that means to remember. Alternate translation: "remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/111/006.md b/psa/111/006.md index dd2e8b392c..966cd37dce 100644 --- a/psa/111/006.md +++ b/psa/111/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the inheritance of the nations The writer speaks of the land that belonged to the nations in Canaan as if it were their inheritance. Alternate translation: "the land that belonged to other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/111/007.md b/psa/111/007.md index 1f6970fb39..4c94f09bff 100644 --- a/psa/111/007.md +++ b/psa/111/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The works of his hands Here the word "hands" refers to Yahweh, himself. Alternate translation: "The works that he does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/111/008.md b/psa/111/008.md index e482dfab59..4095158257 100644 --- a/psa/111/008.md +++ b/psa/111/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that Yahweh's instructions are unchangeable and will last forever. Th # to be observed faithfully and properly Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh has given his instructions in a faithful and proper manner or 2) his people are to observe Yahweh's instructions in a faithful and proper manner. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for his people to observe them faithfully and properly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/111/009.md b/psa/111/009.md index f108c5d679..4ebc72b54d 100644 --- a/psa/111/009.md +++ b/psa/111/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # holy and awesome is his name Here the word "name" refers to Yahweh, himself. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is holy and awesome" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/111/010.md b/psa/111/010.md index aee5d2a650..8707ca8c0a 100644 --- a/psa/111/010.md +++ b/psa/111/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "wisdom" can be translated as "wise." Alternate translation: "the first # His praise endures forever The word "praise" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "People will praise him forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/111/intro.md b/psa/111/intro.md index 3645ea3a5b..4862f367d9 100644 --- a/psa/111/intro.md +++ b/psa/111/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 111 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 111 is a psalm of praise to God for his miracles and care. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's character -#### Yahweh's character God is great. He has given his people food and a land always keeps his promises to his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God is great. He has given his people food and a land always keeps his promises * __[Psalms 111:1](../../psa/111/001.md)__ __[<<](../110/intro.md) | [>>](../112/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/112/001.md b/psa/112/001.md index 74862cabf7..1c816bce72 100644 --- a/psa/112/001.md +++ b/psa/112/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # greatly delights "takes great pleasure" - diff --git a/psa/112/002.md b/psa/112/002.md index f08e190c23..3c3c40a7de 100644 --- a/psa/112/002.md +++ b/psa/112/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the descendants of the godly man will be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will bless the descendants of the godly man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/112/003.md b/psa/112/003.md index d75474723a..3412d4e88c 100644 --- a/psa/112/003.md +++ b/psa/112/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person who sings this song continues to describe a person who reveres Yahweh # Wealth and riches are in his house Here the word "house" represents the family. The words "Wealth" and "riches" mean basically the same thing and indicate an abundance of wealth. Alternate translation: "His family is very wealthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/112/004.md b/psa/112/004.md index bedde95e05..5b8089f1c9 100644 --- a/psa/112/004.md +++ b/psa/112/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Light shines in the darkness for the godly person The writer speaks of God blessing the godly person in difficult times as if it were a light shining in darkness. Alternate translation: "The blessings that a godly person receives from God are like a light that shines in the darkness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/112/005.md b/psa/112/005.md index 97726abc0a..a28c60bbad 100644 --- a/psa/112/005.md +++ b/psa/112/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lends money The understood information can be made clear. Alternate translation: "lends his money to other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/112/006.md b/psa/112/006.md index 1dbd16d143..89ff626d07 100644 --- a/psa/112/006.md +++ b/psa/112/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ he will not be troubled or overwhelmed by circumstances for his trust is in Yahw # the righteous person will be remembered forever This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will remember the righteous person forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/112/007.md b/psa/112/007.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/112/007.md +++ b/psa/112/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/112/008.md b/psa/112/008.md index 2fbfb85eb4..4d18a4403f 100644 --- a/psa/112/008.md +++ b/psa/112/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person who sings this song continues to describe a person who reveres Yahweh # His heart is tranquil "His heart is supported." Here the word "heart" refers to the person. Possible meanings are 1) "He is at peace" or 2) "He is confident" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/112/009.md b/psa/112/009.md index 539449e345..98b32d7cca 100644 --- a/psa/112/009.md +++ b/psa/112/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his horn will be exalted with honor The word "horn" here speaks of the person winning a military victory as if he were a wild ox raising his head. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will give him honor by enabling him to win battles" or "Yahweh will give him honor by defeating his enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/112/010.md b/psa/112/010.md index e3da0356c0..7fc58c9b10 100644 --- a/psa/112/010.md +++ b/psa/112/010.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The writer speaks of the wicked person's eventual death as if that person were s # the desire of the wicked people will perish Possible meanings of "desire" are 1) the emotional desire that wicked people have. Alternate translation: "the things that wicked people want to do will never happen" or 2) it is a metonym for the things that wicked people have desired. Alternate translation: "wicked people will lose the things that they desired" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/112/intro.md b/psa/112/intro.md index 5f4177b585..13bab8ac39 100644 --- a/psa/112/intro.md +++ b/psa/112/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 112 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 112 is a wisdom psalm teaching the value of a righteous life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Righteous people -#### Righteous people The righteous people will be well-known for their generosity and they will not have to worry about bad news because God is taking care of them. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The righteous people will be well-known for their generosity and they will not h * __[Psalms 112:1](../../psa/112/001.md)__ __[<<](../111/intro.md) | [>>](../113/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/113/001.md b/psa/113/001.md index 46862d089f..0a77a855e5 100644 --- a/psa/113/001.md +++ b/psa/113/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # the name of Yahweh Here the word "name" represents Yahweh, himself. Alternate translation: "Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/113/002.md b/psa/113/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/113/002.md +++ b/psa/113/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/113/003.md b/psa/113/003.md index 0adcdad18f..79494ee21b 100644 --- a/psa/113/003.md +++ b/psa/113/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase refers to the directions east, where the sun rises, and west, where # Yahweh's name should be praised Here the word "name" represents Yahweh, himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people should praise Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/113/004.md b/psa/113/004.md index ef40facdaf..b3ab3aadbc 100644 --- a/psa/113/004.md +++ b/psa/113/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his glory reaches above the skies The glory of God is spoken of as if it was very high. Alternate translation: "his glory is higher than the skies" or "his glory is enormously great" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/113/005.md b/psa/113/005.md index 6a253c3e0d..6d8785b23a 100644 --- a/psa/113/005.md +++ b/psa/113/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the first part of a rhetorical question that the writer asks to emphasiz # who has his seat on high "who is enthroned on high" or "who rules in the highest position" - diff --git a/psa/113/006.md b/psa/113/006.md index 63bb33c507..652317c07a 100644 --- a/psa/113/006.md +++ b/psa/113/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the second part of a rhetorical question that the writer asks to emphasi # humbles himself to look down Possible meanings are 1) the writer is speaking literally of Yahweh's thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: "is not too proud to look down" Or 2) this is a hyperbolic metaphor that speaks as if Yahweh needs to work to look at the sky and earth from heaven. Alternate translation: "needs to bow so he can look" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/113/007.md b/psa/113/007.md index ac46809b6e..7143f815f5 100644 --- a/psa/113/007.md +++ b/psa/113/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are parallel. The writer speaks of Yahweh helping and honoring # out of the dirt ... from the ash heap Sitting in dirt and ashes represents either poverty or despair. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/113/008.md b/psa/113/008.md index e069b04c6a..e1dd74ffc2 100644 --- a/psa/113/008.md +++ b/psa/113/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that he may seat him with princes, with the princes of his people Here the second phrase clarifies that the first phrase refers to the princes of Yahweh's people. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: "so that Yahweh may seat him next to rulers of his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/113/009.md b/psa/113/009.md index 2c7dc371e9..2e69a095a3 100644 --- a/psa/113/009.md +++ b/psa/113/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He gives a home to the barren woman of the house Here "home" refers to the children that live in a home. Alternate translation: "He gives children to the woman who had none" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/113/intro.md b/psa/113/intro.md index 9e11b5d6e7..d227135969 100644 --- a/psa/113/intro.md +++ b/psa/113/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 113 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 113 is a psalm of praise to God for his goodness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's help -#### Yahweh's help God helps the poor and gives children to the wife who cannot conceive children. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God helps the poor and gives children to the wife who cannot conceive children. * __[Psalms 113:1](../../psa/113/001.md)__ __[<<](../112/intro.md) | [>>](../114/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/114/001.md b/psa/114/001.md index 5e22078320..e3f61f2def 100644 --- a/psa/114/001.md +++ b/psa/114/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two lines are parallel, with "Israel" and "the house of Jacob" meaning the # the house of Jacob from a people who spoke a foreign language The word "house" here represents the family or descendents. The verb may be supplied to this phrase. Alternate translation: "the descendants of Jacob left people who spoke a language that the descendants of Jacob did not understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/114/002.md b/psa/114/002.md index c14664b09e..e2c65ffaf3 100644 --- a/psa/114/002.md +++ b/psa/114/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Judah became his holy place, Israel his kingdom Possible meanings for "Judah" and "Israel" are 1) they refer to the land. Alternate translation: "The land of Judah became Yahweh's holy place, the land of Israel became his kingdom" or 2) they are metonyms for the people of Judah and Israel. Alternate translation: "The people of Judah became those among whom Yahweh lived, the people of Israel became those over whom he ruled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/114/003.md b/psa/114/003.md index 88cc44a8e1..54b05521ec 100644 --- a/psa/114/003.md +++ b/psa/114/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of the Sea of Reeds as if it were a person who fled away as Ya # the Jordan turned back The writer speaks of the Jordan River as if it were a person who retreated as Yahweh led the people of Israel through on dry ground. Alternate translation: "it was as though the Jordan retreated" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/114/004.md b/psa/114/004.md index 2fc9cda0fc..7747e30278 100644 --- a/psa/114/004.md +++ b/psa/114/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The mountains skipped like rams, the hills skipped like lambs The writer speaks of the mountains and hills as if they are alive. He is probably speaking of an earthquake when he describes their fear at the presence of Yahweh as if they were jumping like rams and lambs. Alternate translation: "It was as if the mountains shook like jumping rams and the hills shook like jumping lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/114/005.md b/psa/114/005.md index 184cd7a8c6..902a10827a 100644 --- a/psa/114/005.md +++ b/psa/114/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verses 5-6 contain four rhetorical questions. The expected answer to each question is found in verse 7, "because of the presence of the Lord." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/114/006.md b/psa/114/006.md index 19575827c3..6fb2a64529 100644 --- a/psa/114/006.md +++ b/psa/114/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # skip like rams ... skip like lambs The writer speaks of the mountains and hills as if they are alive. He is probably speaking of an earthquake when he describes their fear at the presence of Yahweh as if they were jumping like rams and lambs. See how you translated similar phrases in [Psalms 114:4](./004.md). Alternate translation: "shake like jumping rams ... shake like jumping lambs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/114/007.md b/psa/114/007.md index 368c8f6f66..6275c8305c 100644 --- a/psa/114/007.md +++ b/psa/114/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The last two phrases are parallel. The verb may be supplied in the second line. # Tremble, earth Possible meanings are 1) the writer is speaking to the earth as if it were a person and commands it to tremble with fear before God or 2) the word "earth" is a metonym for those who live on the earth. Alternate translation: "Tremble, everyone one earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/114/008.md b/psa/114/008.md index 11fcbf2a9e..8bc4c90c10 100644 --- a/psa/114/008.md +++ b/psa/114/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases are parallel. The writer describes Yahweh causing water to flo # the hard rock into a spring of water The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "He turned the hard rock into a spring of water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/114/intro.md b/psa/114/intro.md index ec6d351f56..88c1ef3c65 100644 --- a/psa/114/intro.md +++ b/psa/114/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 114 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 114 is a psalm of praise to God for his miracles in bringing the people of Israel to the promised land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise -#### Praise The psalmist praised God for opening up the Red Sea for the people to cross, for providing the earthquake that stopped the Jordan River so the people could cross and providing water from a rock for the people to drink. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The psalmist praised God for opening up the Red Sea for the people to cross, for * __[Psalms 114:1](../../psa/114/001.md)__ __[<<](../113/intro.md) | [>>](../115/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/115/001.md b/psa/115/001.md index 0f38e629c1..e94bb3dd8a 100644 --- a/psa/115/001.md +++ b/psa/115/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "name" represents Yahweh, himself. Alternate translation: "but bri # for your covenant faithfulness and for your trustworthiness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. The abstract noun "trustworthiness" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "because you are faithful to your covenant and you are worthy of people trusting you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/002.md b/psa/115/002.md index c13c9100fe..f8bc5e08af 100644 --- a/psa/115/002.md +++ b/psa/115/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question emphasizes that there should be no reason for the natio # Where is their God? The people of other nations use this question to mock the people of Israel and to express that they do not see Yahweh helping them. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Your God is not here to help you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/003.md b/psa/115/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/115/003.md +++ b/psa/115/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/115/004.md b/psa/115/004.md index 7400ca270b..b11b2d48ae 100644 --- a/psa/115/004.md +++ b/psa/115/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the work of men's hands Here the word "hands" represents the people who made the idols. Alternate translation: "things which men have made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/005.md b/psa/115/005.md index c547b3a8fb..2166ff97b6 100644 --- a/psa/115/005.md +++ b/psa/115/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Those idols have mouths The idols do not have real mouths, eyes, ears, or noses. Rather, people made them with the likeness of mouths, eyes, ears, and noses. The writer is emphasizing that these idols are not really alive. You can make clear the implied information. Alternate translation: "People have given mouths to those idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/006.md b/psa/115/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/115/006.md +++ b/psa/115/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/115/007.md b/psa/115/007.md index 8f5e45b862..184a4b66da 100644 --- a/psa/115/007.md +++ b/psa/115/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The idols do not have real hands, feet, or mouths. Rather, people made them with # but do not feel "but those hands do not feel" - diff --git a/psa/115/008.md b/psa/115/008.md index 82f98a0538..22bf341126 100644 --- a/psa/115/008.md +++ b/psa/115/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Those who make them are like them, as is everyone who trusts in them Those who make and worship idols become lifeless and powerless, just like those idols. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Those who make them become lifeless like they are, as does everyone who trusts in them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/009.md b/psa/115/009.md index f56090ebba..ba1125858f 100644 --- a/psa/115/009.md +++ b/psa/115/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "Peopl # your help and shield The writer speaks of Yahweh as if he were a shield because he protects his people as a shield would protect them from harm. Alternate translation: "the one who helps you and protects you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/010.md b/psa/115/010.md index 2e6e1ad410..31abde879f 100644 --- a/psa/115/010.md +++ b/psa/115/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # House of Aaron Here the word "House" represents the family or descendants. This phrase refers to the priests, who were descendants of Aaron. Alternate translation: "Descendants of Aaron" or "Priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/011.md b/psa/115/011.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/115/011.md +++ b/psa/115/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/115/012.md b/psa/115/012.md index 651cdef474..0b1ececf9e 100644 --- a/psa/115/012.md +++ b/psa/115/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people of Israel, who are descendants of Jacob, who also call # the family of Aaron This refers to the priests, who are descendants of Aaron. Alternate translation: "the descendants of Aaron" or "the priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/013.md b/psa/115/013.md index 8e8eb99709..d4b2105bba 100644 --- a/psa/115/013.md +++ b/psa/115/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # both young and old "both small and great." Possible meanings are that this refers 1) to social status or 2) to age. In either case, the two extremes represent every person, regardless of age or social status. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/014.md b/psa/115/014.md index 9ebfff57dd..e15bf4c1a0 100644 --- a/psa/115/014.md +++ b/psa/115/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer is speaking of the number of children that the people of Israel would # yours and your descendants' "both your children and your descendants' children." The writer clarifies that his request for more children applies not only to the present generation, but to their descendants, as well. - diff --git a/psa/115/015.md b/psa/115/015.md index cf4cf50439..158095aefa 100644 --- a/psa/115/015.md +++ b/psa/115/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May you be blessed by Yahweh, who made heaven and earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May Yahweh, who made heaven and earth, bless you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/016.md b/psa/115/016.md index 7a5f728920..a850d540ba 100644 --- a/psa/115/016.md +++ b/psa/115/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the earth he has given to mankind This does not mean that the earth does not belong to Yahweh, but that has given the earth to mankind as a dwelling place. - diff --git a/psa/115/017.md b/psa/115/017.md index aa5675856f..5f70a0585e 100644 --- a/psa/115/017.md +++ b/psa/115/017.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This parallel phrase has a similar meaning to phrase before it. The verb may be # nor do any who go down into silence The writer speaks of the grave or the place of the dead as a place of silence where no one can speak. This is a euphemism for death. Alternate translation: "nor do any who go to the place of the dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/115/018.md b/psa/115/018.md index c4308fc3bc..b2053df852 100644 --- a/psa/115/018.md +++ b/psa/115/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But we The word "we" refers to the people of Israel who are still alive. - diff --git a/psa/115/intro.md b/psa/115/intro.md index 99dbb8dbf7..b7d0addd7e 100644 --- a/psa/115/intro.md +++ b/psa/115/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 115 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm -Psalm 115 is a psalm of praise. +Psalm 115 is a psalm of praise. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's power -#### Yahweh's power God is in heaven and is able to do whatever he wants. Idols can not do anything. Therefore, people and priests should trust God for their protection. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God is in heaven and is able to do whatever he wants. Idols can not do anything. * __[Psalms 115:1](../../psa/115/001.md)__ __[<<](../114/intro.md) | [>>](../116/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/116/001.md b/psa/116/001.md index 951fc97ccd..22043ac82f 100644 --- a/psa/116/001.md +++ b/psa/116/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # he hears my voice and my pleas for mercy Here the word "voice" represents the person who is speaking. The abstract nouns "pleas" and "mercy" can be stated as "plead" and "merciful." Alternate translation: "he hears me when I plead for him to be merciful to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/002.md b/psa/116/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/116/002.md +++ b/psa/116/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/116/003.md b/psa/116/003.md index 062a7e600b..c34312669a 100644 --- a/psa/116/003.md +++ b/psa/116/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of death as if it were a person who could capture him and bind # the snares of Sheol confronted me The writer speaks of "Sheol," the place of the dead, as if it were a person who could trap him with snares. Alternate translation: "I felt as if I were ready to enter the grave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/004.md b/psa/116/004.md index 3e0b3da7ec..27af7cc84c 100644 --- a/psa/116/004.md +++ b/psa/116/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "called o # rescue my life Here the word "life" represents the person. Alternate translation: "rescue me" or "keep me from dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/005.md b/psa/116/005.md index edb366bcde..f6bbe9fd15 100644 --- a/psa/116/005.md +++ b/psa/116/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The person who made this song continues to speak. - diff --git a/psa/116/006.md b/psa/116/006.md index cce007be84..e37630243a 100644 --- a/psa/116/006.md +++ b/psa/116/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to people who are inexperienced or who cannot care for themselves. T # I was brought low The writer speaks of being humbled as in being in a lower position. Alternate translation: "I was helpless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/007.md b/psa/116/007.md index db02758d46..1927356fd9 100644 --- a/psa/116/007.md +++ b/psa/116/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person who composed this psalm continues to speak. # My soul can return to its resting place The writer speaks of having peace and confidence as if it were a place where his soul can rest. The word "soul" represents the person. Alternate translation: "I can rest in peace again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/008.md b/psa/116/008.md index ea4c85cd74..1ffb90614b 100644 --- a/psa/116/008.md +++ b/psa/116/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "you" refers to Yahweh. The word "life" represents the person. Alt # my feet from stumbling The feet here represent the person. Stumbling here probably represents being killed by his enemies. Alternate translation: "you have rescued me from stumbling" or "you have kept me from being killed by my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/009.md b/psa/116/009.md index 51473c169f..30bd93ea7b 100644 --- a/psa/116/009.md +++ b/psa/116/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person who composed this psalm continues to speak. # in the land of the living "in this world where people are alive." This is in contrast to the place of the dead. - diff --git a/psa/116/010.md b/psa/116/010.md index 3e04cfb213..f9d897258a 100644 --- a/psa/116/010.md +++ b/psa/116/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am greatly afflicted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I suffer greatly" or "People afflict me very much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/011.md b/psa/116/011.md index 48ec14a139..0dfe02a8ed 100644 --- a/psa/116/011.md +++ b/psa/116/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # All men are liars "Every person is a liar" or "All people are liars" - diff --git a/psa/116/012.md b/psa/116/012.md index 6a6fa6ced3..8d64889b7d 100644 --- a/psa/116/012.md +++ b/psa/116/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person who made this song continues to speak. # How can I repay Yahweh ... to me? The writer asks this leading question to introduce how he will respond to what Yahweh has done for him. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "This is how I will repay Yahweh ... to me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/013.md b/psa/116/013.md index ac34681d39..79072e9a18 100644 --- a/psa/116/013.md +++ b/psa/116/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is probably a reference to a drink offering, which was a sacrifice that inv # call on the name of Yahweh Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "call on Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/014.md b/psa/116/014.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/116/014.md +++ b/psa/116/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/116/015.md b/psa/116/015.md index 79d789939a..7ccae07f22 100644 --- a/psa/116/015.md +++ b/psa/116/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Precious in the sight of Yahweh is the death of his faithful ones The word "Precious" here does not imply that Yahweh values the death of his saints, but that the death of his saints is costly to him and grieves him. Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "Yahweh considers the death of his saints to be a costly thing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/016.md b/psa/116/016.md index cab63b507c..a905e974ee 100644 --- a/psa/116/016.md +++ b/psa/116/016.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is likely a reference to the writer's mother and indicates that she faithfu # you have taken away my bonds The writer speaks of being in danger of dying as if he had been chained in prison. Alternate translation: "you have saved me from death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/017.md b/psa/116/017.md index 57efba06e4..4b527a6bdc 100644 --- a/psa/116/017.md +++ b/psa/116/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # will call on the name of Yahweh Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "will call on Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/018.md b/psa/116/018.md index 647b5ada64..e0a6c23b90 100644 --- a/psa/116/018.md +++ b/psa/116/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person who made this song continues to speak. # I will fulfill ... all his people See how you translated [Psalms 116:14](../116/014.md). - diff --git a/psa/116/019.md b/psa/116/019.md index 69b9c9fb0a..75f6f1088f 100644 --- a/psa/116/019.md +++ b/psa/116/019.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "house" refers to Yahweh's temple. Alternate translation: "in the court # in your midst, Jerusalem The writer speaks to Jerusalem as though it were a person. Alternate translation: "in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/psa/116/intro.md b/psa/116/intro.md index 60a40bfeb6..ba5236cec1 100644 --- a/psa/116/intro.md +++ b/psa/116/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 116 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 116 is a psalm of praise for saving the psalmist's life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Healing -#### Healing The author was very sick and expected to die but God healed him. So he will pay his vow and sacrifice an offering of thanks. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author was very sick and expected to die but God healed him. So he will pay * __[Psalms 116:1](../../psa/116/001.md)__ __[<<](../115/intro.md) | [>>](../117/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/117/001.md b/psa/117/001.md index e46b82054d..16093cd0c9 100644 --- a/psa/117/001.md +++ b/psa/117/001.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/117/002.md b/psa/117/002.md index 4bab05e364..58c43add15 100644 --- a/psa/117/002.md +++ b/psa/117/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate # the trustworthiness of Yahweh endures forever The abstract noun "trustworthiness" can be translated with an adjective or a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "Yahweh remains trustworthy forever" or "Yahweh will forever be worthy of people trusting him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/117/intro.md b/psa/117/intro.md index fcbac1d4a6..76181c77ef 100644 --- a/psa/117/intro.md +++ b/psa/117/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 117 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 117 is a psalm of praise. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise -#### Praise Everyone should praise God for his love and unending faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Everyone should praise God for his love and unending faithfulness. (See: [[rc:// * __[Psalms 117:1](../../psa/117/001.md)__ __[<<](../116/intro.md) | [>>](../118/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/118/001.md b/psa/118/001.md index 0da69c1139..d14818b2e6 100644 --- a/psa/118/001.md +++ b/psa/118/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # his covenant faithfulness endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "he remains faithful to his covenant forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/002.md b/psa/118/002.md index a80e69a7f2..eebce8df26 100644 --- a/psa/118/002.md +++ b/psa/118/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let Israel say The word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "Let the people of Israel say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/003.md b/psa/118/003.md index ba3dde629c..918c1971aa 100644 --- a/psa/118/003.md +++ b/psa/118/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "house" represents the family and descendants of a person. This ph # His covenant faithfulness endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. See how you translated this in [Psalms 118:1-2](./001.md). Alternate translation: "He remains faithful to his covenant forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/004.md b/psa/118/004.md index 9fc1e5e43e..64bdefcd31 100644 --- a/psa/118/004.md +++ b/psa/118/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the loyal followers of Yahweh "those who fear Yahweh" or "those who worship Yahweh" - diff --git a/psa/118/005.md b/psa/118/005.md index 363dbc2c41..7d6207ecb6 100644 --- a/psa/118/005.md +++ b/psa/118/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # set me in a spacious place The writer speaks of Yahweh saving him from distress as if Yahweh had taken him from a place of confinement to a wide open space where he could move about freely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/006.md b/psa/118/006.md index ad2122a6d7..ef351f6e8a 100644 --- a/psa/118/006.md +++ b/psa/118/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # what can man do to me? The writer asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is nothing that man can do to hurt him since Yahweh is with him. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "people cannot do anything to harm me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/007.md b/psa/118/007.md index 04f164cde2..588174928b 100644 --- a/psa/118/007.md +++ b/psa/118/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To be on one's side is an idiomatic expression that indicates that that person a # I will look in triumph on those who hate me It is implied that Yahweh is the one who will defeat the writer's enemies, while the writer looks on. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "I will see Yahweh defeating all those who hate me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/008.md b/psa/118/008.md index 0e331770ca..240b7dca2c 100644 --- a/psa/118/008.md +++ b/psa/118/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to take shelter in Yahweh God is spoken of as if he were a shelter, a place where people can be protected. Alternate translation: "to seek protection from Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/009.md b/psa/118/009.md index 1995840bc0..54f4ded3b9 100644 --- a/psa/118/009.md +++ b/psa/118/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to take refuge in Yahweh This verse is parallel to the one preceding it. God is spoken of as if he were a refuge, a place where people can be protected. Alternate translation: "to seek protection from Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/010.md b/psa/118/010.md index f7a7a9f3e1..4f51aacade 100644 --- a/psa/118/010.md +++ b/psa/118/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "by Yahwe # I cut them off The writer speaks of defeating the enemy armies as if he were cutting them off like a person would cut a branch off of a plant. Alternate translation: "I defeated them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/011.md b/psa/118/011.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/118/011.md +++ b/psa/118/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/118/012.md b/psa/118/012.md index 0b893ef806..aeee744a82 100644 --- a/psa/118/012.md +++ b/psa/118/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer compares the enemy armies to a swarm of bees. Alternate translation: # they disappeared as quickly as fire among thorns Just like dry thorns burn out quickly, the attack of the enemy armies was quickly over. Alternate translation: "their attack lasted only a short time, as a fire that consumes thorns quickly dies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/013.md b/psa/118/013.md index 5c8946e2ad..2532bde7da 100644 --- a/psa/118/013.md +++ b/psa/118/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to knock me down The writer speaks of the enemy armies trying to defeat him as if they were trying to push him down onto the ground. Alternate translation: "in order to defeat me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/014.md b/psa/118/014.md index ce209f68b6..dd25bc2f69 100644 --- a/psa/118/014.md +++ b/psa/118/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yah is my strength and joy "Yah gives me strength and joy" - diff --git a/psa/118/015.md b/psa/118/015.md index e7d884ba51..f4fcb04f46 100644 --- a/psa/118/015.md +++ b/psa/118/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People hear the joyfu # the right hand of Yahweh conquers Here the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has conquered by his great strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/016.md b/psa/118/016.md index 11b10be08a..b6fb8ffe8a 100644 --- a/psa/118/016.md +++ b/psa/118/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The right hand of Yahweh is exalted Here, to raise one's hand is a gesture of victory. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has exalted his right hand" or "Yahweh has raised his right hand in victory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/017.md b/psa/118/017.md index c2d448388e..a77fe9502a 100644 --- a/psa/118/017.md +++ b/psa/118/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will not die, but live The writer states the same idea both negatively and positively to emphasize that he will certainly live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/018.md b/psa/118/018.md index 8647c295a1..6b08dd5b8b 100644 --- a/psa/118/018.md +++ b/psa/118/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he has not handed me over to death The writer speaks of death as if it were a person under whose power Yahweh could place the writer. Alternate translation: "he has not allowed me to die" or "he has not allowed my enemies to kill me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/019.md b/psa/118/019.md index 6077048a6a..2811facce5 100644 --- a/psa/118/019.md +++ b/psa/118/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Open to me the gates of righteousness "Open to me the gates through which the righteous people enter." This is a reference to the gates of the temple, and the writer is addressing the gatekeepers. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Open for me the temple gates" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/020.md b/psa/118/020.md index ad74af103e..51a72c6bd3 100644 --- a/psa/118/020.md +++ b/psa/118/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the gate of Yahweh "the gate that leads to Yahweh's presence" or "Yahweh's gate" - diff --git a/psa/118/021.md b/psa/118/021.md index 1fd895e9bb..363ad5846a 100644 --- a/psa/118/021.md +++ b/psa/118/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the writer begins to speak to Yahweh. # you have become my salvation The word "salvation" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "you have saved me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/022.md b/psa/118/022.md index 8a777014ff..732c884fc7 100644 --- a/psa/118/022.md +++ b/psa/118/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone This is likely a proverb that the writer has used to describe either the king or the nation of Israel. That which others have considered worthless, Yahweh has made to be the most important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/023.md b/psa/118/023.md index a965c070c2..54eca1c435 100644 --- a/psa/118/023.md +++ b/psa/118/023.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it is marvelous in our eyes Possible meanings are 1) "it is a marvelous thing for us to see" or 2) "we consider it to be a marvelous thing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/024.md b/psa/118/024.md index 44f6f5c9c0..5545c93e8d 100644 --- a/psa/118/024.md +++ b/psa/118/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rejoice and be glad These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of joy. Alternate translation: "be very glad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/025.md b/psa/118/025.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/118/025.md +++ b/psa/118/025.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/118/026.md b/psa/118/026.md index 6769930d5a..e9591efe08 100644 --- a/psa/118/026.md +++ b/psa/118/026.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the priests address the people. # the house of Yahweh The word "house" refers to the temple. Alternate translation: "Yahweh's temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/027.md b/psa/118/027.md index 76fe8bab13..9b39c85a33 100644 --- a/psa/118/027.md +++ b/psa/118/027.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh blessing his people as if Yahweh were shining a ligh # bind the sacrifice with cords "tie the sacrifice with rope" - diff --git a/psa/118/028.md b/psa/118/028.md index de26970851..6685c02d45 100644 --- a/psa/118/028.md +++ b/psa/118/028.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You are my God Here the writer begins to speak again and addresses Yahweh directly. - diff --git a/psa/118/029.md b/psa/118/029.md index 914cf8ec5c..17425c00bf 100644 --- a/psa/118/029.md +++ b/psa/118/029.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an exclamation that should be translated with whatever exclamation of em # his covenant faithfulness endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. See how you translated this in [Psalms 118:1-2](./001.md). Alternate translation: "he remains faithful to his covenant forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/118/intro.md b/psa/118/intro.md index 3237516720..795de68880 100644 --- a/psa/118/intro.md +++ b/psa/118/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 118 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 118 is a psalm of war and is about Christ. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Rejected stone -#### Rejected stone The author praised Yahweh for his rescuing him. God enabled him to overpower his enemies. The new Testament, and even Jesus himself, saw the rejected stone as a reference to the Messiah's rejection by the Jewish leaders. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author praised Yahweh for his rescuing him. God enabled him to overpower his * __[Psalms 118:1](../../psa/118/001.md)__ __[<<](../117/intro.md) | [>>](../119/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/119/001.md b/psa/119/001.md index ee77ff7b0b..1d3bbd7b38 100644 --- a/psa/119/001.md +++ b/psa/119/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ How a person behaves is spoken of as "ways" or "paths." Alternate translation: " # who walk in the law of Yahweh The way a person lives or behaves is spoken of as walking. Alternate translation: "who live according to the law of Yahweh" or "who obey the law of Yahweh." This phrase clarifies the meaning of "whose ways are blameless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/002.md b/psa/119/002.md index 1edb6c4320..93da7231d3 100644 --- a/psa/119/002.md +++ b/psa/119/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To "seek" God means to want to know him. # with all their heart This is an idiom which means intensely or sincerely. Alternate translation: "with all their being" or "with everything in them" or "sincerely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/003.md b/psa/119/003.md index 744bf7cf19..6f1f4f3230 100644 --- a/psa/119/003.md +++ b/psa/119/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ They do not disobey Yahweh. # they walk in his ways "they walk in Yahweh's ways." Here their behavior is spoken of as "walking," and the way God wants them to behave is spoken of as "his ways." Alternate translation: "they behave as Yahweh wants them to" - diff --git a/psa/119/004.md b/psa/119/004.md index 951c2b2702..88ca838371 100644 --- a/psa/119/004.md +++ b/psa/119/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # carefully observe them This is to carefully know and understand the commandments and to obey those commandments. - diff --git a/psa/119/005.md b/psa/119/005.md index e5b87f4caf..acba9f509f 100644 --- a/psa/119/005.md +++ b/psa/119/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of being established in God's commandments as if no one could # observance of your statutes "in obeying your statutes" - diff --git a/psa/119/006.md b/psa/119/006.md index 8cd067266f..9cea8cdf00 100644 --- a/psa/119/006.md +++ b/psa/119/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer does not want to be ashamed when he is in God's presence. # all your commandments "all that you have commanded us" - diff --git a/psa/119/007.md b/psa/119/007.md index 8862622f93..29ffe6ecab 100644 --- a/psa/119/007.md +++ b/psa/119/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an upright heart "a sincere heart." A person who is sincere will do what is right. The heart refers to the center of emotions in a person. See how you translated "uprightness" in [Psalms 25:21](../025/021.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/008.md b/psa/119/008.md index 019b4c035b..adc6e38a83 100644 --- a/psa/119/008.md +++ b/psa/119/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your statutes "Statutes" refers to God's laws or commands. - diff --git a/psa/119/009.md b/psa/119/009.md index e367541349..53085f82d5 100644 --- a/psa/119/009.md +++ b/psa/119/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This question is used to introduce a new value to the word of God. This rhetoric # keep his path pure The writer compares living according to God's law as a path kept clear of obstructions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/010.md b/psa/119/010.md index 9c07eb44b6..7ea4807efd 100644 --- a/psa/119/010.md +++ b/psa/119/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom. The heart refers to all of one's emotions, feelings, desires, # Do not let me stray from your commandments Here to disobey God's commandments is described as straying off a path. Alternate translation: "Do not let me disobey your commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/011.md b/psa/119/011.md index e35d195d35..361cde1e01 100644 --- a/psa/119/011.md +++ b/psa/119/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have stored up your word in my heart "I have put your words in my heart." This is a metaphor that means "I have memorized your word." The heart is pictured as a container that can hold what people think. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/012.md b/psa/119/012.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/012.md +++ b/psa/119/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/013.md b/psa/119/013.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/013.md +++ b/psa/119/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/014.md b/psa/119/014.md index b5e56d2644..00609dd7f1 100644 --- a/psa/119/014.md +++ b/psa/119/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # more than in all riches "more than all the wealth" - diff --git a/psa/119/015.md b/psa/119/015.md index ef8bb9b76f..dd102b985b 100644 --- a/psa/119/015.md +++ b/psa/119/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are parallel thoughts that have similar meanings, which are repeated for e # pay attention This idiom refers to thinking clearly about what is being discussed. Alternate translation: "give careful thought" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/016.md b/psa/119/016.md index 6c9f72c9af..fd391adaae 100644 --- a/psa/119/016.md +++ b/psa/119/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I delight to take pleasure - diff --git a/psa/119/017.md b/psa/119/017.md index 9f59ef96c1..1345fe9304 100644 --- a/psa/119/017.md +++ b/psa/119/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your servant The writer called himself "your servant" to show his humility. - diff --git a/psa/119/018.md b/psa/119/018.md index 32aaa7eccc..4de12e6ed6 100644 --- a/psa/119/018.md +++ b/psa/119/018.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author speaks of insight into the law as objects to marvel at. (See: [[rc:// # in your law "in your instructions" or "in your commands" - diff --git a/psa/119/019.md b/psa/119/019.md index f1291c2374..bbead366fe 100644 --- a/psa/119/019.md +++ b/psa/119/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am a foreigner in the land Possible meanings are 1) the writers speaks of his short life on earth as if he were a foreigner who would not stay long in the land. Alternate translation: "I am like a foreigner living a short time in the land" or 2) the writer's ignorance of God's law as if he were a foreigner who did not know the laws of the land. Alternate translation: "I am ignorant like a foreigner in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/020.md b/psa/119/020.md index acd4ceec7e..3853fd9a39 100644 --- a/psa/119/020.md +++ b/psa/119/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My desires are crushed by the longing The writer speaks of his desires being very strong as if they were in pain. Alternate translation: "My inner being strongly desires to know" or "My soul aches because I want so much to know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/021.md b/psa/119/021.md index 895938b7f9..e4072fbe56 100644 --- a/psa/119/021.md +++ b/psa/119/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are that 1) God will curse them or 2) they deserve God's punis # who wander from your commandments The writer speaks of disobeying God's commandments as if they were a path that can be wandered off from. Alternate translation: "who go away from the path of your commandments" or "who disobey your commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/022.md b/psa/119/022.md index b805e211cb..ccc30d2172 100644 --- a/psa/119/022.md +++ b/psa/119/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Spare me from "Keep me from" or "Rescue me from" - diff --git a/psa/119/023.md b/psa/119/023.md index 4edafee515..c7acdc2901 100644 --- a/psa/119/023.md +++ b/psa/119/023.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Though rulers plot and slander me "Though rulers make plans to harm me and say bad things about me" - diff --git a/psa/119/024.md b/psa/119/024.md index c8159c5fed..6fc4386c32 100644 --- a/psa/119/024.md +++ b/psa/119/024.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they are my counselors God's decrees are spoken of as if they were people. Alternate translation: "they are like wise counselors to me" or "they give me wise counsel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/025.md b/psa/119/025.md index 52a0de3e9b..cbbab878c9 100644 --- a/psa/119/025.md +++ b/psa/119/025.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom. Here "life" refers to purpose and significance, not just biolo # by your word "according to your promise" - diff --git a/psa/119/026.md b/psa/119/026.md index 3f7bcf0dd7..6acc8a0d3b 100644 --- a/psa/119/026.md +++ b/psa/119/026.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my ways What a person does or how he behaves is spoken of as if it were a road or way. Alternate translation: "what I have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/027.md b/psa/119/027.md index 639b6f4b45..6c598e58c2 100644 --- a/psa/119/027.md +++ b/psa/119/027.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # wondrous teachings "amazing teachings" - diff --git a/psa/119/028.md b/psa/119/028.md index ed01496ff6..0f74af6033 100644 --- a/psa/119/028.md +++ b/psa/119/028.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Strengthen me "Make me strong." This may refer to physical strength or spiritual strength. - diff --git a/psa/119/029.md b/psa/119/029.md index b6d242855e..2bb4662a7c 100644 --- a/psa/119/029.md +++ b/psa/119/029.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "path" here refers to a way of behaving. Alternate translation: "Keep m # deceit Possible meanings are 1) "lying" or 2) "believing lies" or "following lies." - diff --git a/psa/119/030.md b/psa/119/030.md index c8f2bbf3c5..0420e4a494 100644 --- a/psa/119/030.md +++ b/psa/119/030.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the way of faithfulness How a person behaves or acts is spoken as if it were a road or way. Alternate translation: "to be faithful to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/031.md b/psa/119/031.md index 2d82dd2adb..7a32e3c6a8 100644 --- a/psa/119/031.md +++ b/psa/119/031.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Holding tightly to them refers to being committed to obeying them. Alternate tra # covenant decrees This refers to the law of Moses. - diff --git a/psa/119/032.md b/psa/119/032.md index f52e7425e1..69947caa85 100644 --- a/psa/119/032.md +++ b/psa/119/032.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of being focused or committed to obeying God's commands as if # you enlarge my heart This is an idiom. Possible meanings are 1) "you help me gain greater understanding of your commands" or 2) "you give me greater desire to obey your commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/033.md b/psa/119/033.md index 6e13901dcf..dd4362e92e 100644 --- a/psa/119/033.md +++ b/psa/119/033.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is another way of describing the law of Moses. # to the end Possible meanings are 1) "completely" or 2) "to the end of my life" or 3) "to the end of time." - diff --git a/psa/119/034.md b/psa/119/034.md index 263bb07bee..8e99b941d5 100644 --- a/psa/119/034.md +++ b/psa/119/034.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # with all my heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "with all my being" or "with everything in me" or "sincerely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/035.md b/psa/119/035.md index bccb933e30..e9cb2b81b4 100644 --- a/psa/119/035.md +++ b/psa/119/035.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Guide me in the path of your commandments "Guide me according to your commandments" or "Teach me to obey your commandments." God's commandments are compared to a path that a person walks in obedience to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/036.md b/psa/119/036.md index 876547e21b..6afe8227f1 100644 --- a/psa/119/036.md +++ b/psa/119/036.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. The "heart" here refers to the will, desires, and choices that # unrighteous gain "the desire for riches." This is referring to wealth gained by illegal methods or wrongdoing towards others. - diff --git a/psa/119/037.md b/psa/119/037.md index 74e7f9a10d..31695fba04 100644 --- a/psa/119/037.md +++ b/psa/119/037.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor that refers to one desiring things that have no eternal value # revive me "make my life strong" or "give me strength" - diff --git a/psa/119/038.md b/psa/119/038.md index b4b229dcd3..bdbe44c790 100644 --- a/psa/119/038.md +++ b/psa/119/038.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "word" here is a metonym for the promise that Yahweh gave by speaking w # your servant The writer referred to himself as God's servant to show his humility. Alternate translation: "me, your servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/039.md b/psa/119/039.md index 296482a9f5..688a0d24ac 100644 --- a/psa/119/039.md +++ b/psa/119/039.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your judgments are good God judges rightly and his decisions are good. Alternate translation: "Your judge rightly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/040.md b/psa/119/040.md index 31844e2252..a394262d90 100644 --- a/psa/119/040.md +++ b/psa/119/040.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "righteousness" is an abstract noun and refers to being righteous. Alte # revive me Possible meanings are 1) "Keep me alive" or 2) "Make me strong." - diff --git a/psa/119/041.md b/psa/119/041.md index b8010685f2..edbe0e3108 100644 --- a/psa/119/041.md +++ b/psa/119/041.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "give me y # according to your word The word "word" here is a metonym for the promise that Yahweh made using words. Alternate translation: "as you promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/042.md b/psa/119/042.md index e40e3b26d2..b3f5a531fa 100644 --- a/psa/119/042.md +++ b/psa/119/042.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a reply "an answer" or "a response" - diff --git a/psa/119/043.md b/psa/119/043.md index 749e0a416c..cb3093a7d2 100644 --- a/psa/119/043.md +++ b/psa/119/043.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not take the word of truth from my mouth Here the writer is represented by his "mouth." Possible meanings are 1) "never prevent me from speaking the message about the truth" or 2) "never prevent me from speaking the true message." - diff --git a/psa/119/044.md b/psa/119/044.md index d23b8c69e6..8f84b94875 100644 --- a/psa/119/044.md +++ b/psa/119/044.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will observe "I will obey" - diff --git a/psa/119/045.md b/psa/119/045.md index 88917ca9b2..cca445bcb6 100644 --- a/psa/119/045.md +++ b/psa/119/045.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To walk securely is to live one's life securely. Alternate translation: "I will # I seek your instructions To "seek" is to perceive, or gain understanding of God's instructions as if one can see them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/046.md b/psa/119/046.md index a30d5c3142..e7fd4b9da6 100644 --- a/psa/119/046.md +++ b/psa/119/046.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # solemn commands before kings "serious commands to kings" or "instructions to kings" - diff --git a/psa/119/047.md b/psa/119/047.md index 1c43ed459a..d980212227 100644 --- a/psa/119/047.md +++ b/psa/119/047.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I delight in your commandments Possible meanings are 1) "I find delight in studying your commandments" or 2) "I am delighted that I have the opportunity to study your commandments." - diff --git a/psa/119/048.md b/psa/119/048.md index 2986b0d9a6..ba35a225a9 100644 --- a/psa/119/048.md +++ b/psa/119/048.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lift up my hands to This is an idiom which means to honor, cherish or respect God's commandments. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/049.md b/psa/119/049.md index dd07104c05..f96f6f4743 100644 --- a/psa/119/049.md +++ b/psa/119/049.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Call to mind your word The word "word" here is a metonym for the promise Yahweh gave by speaking words. See how you translated this in [Psalms 20:3](../020/003.md) Alternate translation: "Remember your promise." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/050.md b/psa/119/050.md index 50cc4a5303..47cd4c16d9 100644 --- a/psa/119/050.md +++ b/psa/119/050.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is my comfort in my affliction: that your word has kept me alive The word "word" here is a metonym for the promise Yahweh gave by speaking words. This clause can be restructured. Alternate translation: "The reason for my comfort is that your promise has kept me alive in my affliction" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-sentences]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/051.md b/psa/119/051.md index 951625ef69..36cd44ca97 100644 --- a/psa/119/051.md +++ b/psa/119/051.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Th # scoffed at to mock someone or something that is looked down on, doubted, or not honored - diff --git a/psa/119/052.md b/psa/119/052.md index faafe4668c..07951b8dbc 100644 --- a/psa/119/052.md +++ b/psa/119/052.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from ancient times This is a reference to when the decrees, the Law, were given to Moses many years before. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/053.md b/psa/119/053.md index 8d83f24431..3f34917acb 100644 --- a/psa/119/053.md +++ b/psa/119/053.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hot anger has taken hold of me This is an idiom. Anger is expressed as if it is a person that can grab another person. Alternate translation: "I have become very angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/054.md b/psa/119/054.md index 077a455590..68faed9a05 100644 --- a/psa/119/054.md +++ b/psa/119/054.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your statutes have been my songs "I have used your statutes as lyrics to my music" or "I have created songs from your statutes" - diff --git a/psa/119/055.md b/psa/119/055.md index 020e5e52c6..fb8e5cfabf 100644 --- a/psa/119/055.md +++ b/psa/119/055.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "I think # I keep your law This is an idiom which means to obey the law. Alternate translation: "I obey your law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/056.md b/psa/119/056.md index becd0919de..cb3b716b52 100644 --- a/psa/119/056.md +++ b/psa/119/056.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I have observed your instructions This is an idiom which means to follow or to obey those instructions. Alternate translation: "I have obeyed your instructions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/057.md b/psa/119/057.md index ea9863c9ca..06695f36e2 100644 --- a/psa/119/057.md +++ b/psa/119/057.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh is my portion This means Yahweh is all he wants. Just as the Levites did not receive vast territories of land for the Lord was to be their portion so the writer claims Yahweh as the satisfier of his needs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/058.md b/psa/119/058.md index f0d500da46..ecebb141bb 100644 --- a/psa/119/058.md +++ b/psa/119/058.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # according to your word The word "word" here is a metonym for the promise that Yahweh made using words. Alternate translation: "as you promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/059.md b/psa/119/059.md index aca931a128..be8b97d7d3 100644 --- a/psa/119/059.md +++ b/psa/119/059.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # turned my feet Here "feet" represent the whole person. To repent and choose to obey God's laws is like turning one's feet on a path to head in another direction. Alternate translation: "changed my direction" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/060.md b/psa/119/060.md index 366c7ed587..0825782d6f 100644 --- a/psa/119/060.md +++ b/psa/119/060.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I hurry and do not delay The writer expresses the same idea both positively and negatively in order to emphasize the urgency with which he obeys Yahweh's commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/061.md b/psa/119/061.md index f94d1ab7d2..1bf7134459 100644 --- a/psa/119/061.md +++ b/psa/119/061.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The cords of the wicked have ensnared me In this metaphor, wicked or evil people tried to cause the writer to sin like a hunter seeking to catch an animal with a trap. Alternate translation: "My enemies have tried to catch me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/062.md b/psa/119/062.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/062.md +++ b/psa/119/062.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/063.md b/psa/119/063.md index 7773e7229c..6ade46c53d 100644 --- a/psa/119/063.md +++ b/psa/119/063.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am a companion of all who honor you "I am a friend of all who honor you" - diff --git a/psa/119/064.md b/psa/119/064.md index dcf8c823a9..a8c6a12e48 100644 --- a/psa/119/064.md +++ b/psa/119/064.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The earth, Yahweh, is full of your covenant faithfulness People everywhere in the world being able to see evidence of Yahweh's covenant faithfulness is spoken of as if his covenant faithfulness filled the earth. The abstract noun "covenant faithfulness" can be translated as an adjective. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Psalms 33:5](../033/005.md). Alternate translation: "People everywhere on earth can see that you, Yahweh, are faithful to your covenant" or "Throughout the earth, there is evidence that you, Yahweh, are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/065.md b/psa/119/065.md index 980d68a688..0397ef7be7 100644 --- a/psa/119/065.md +++ b/psa/119/065.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer refers to himself as "your servant." Alternate translation: "to me, y # by means of your word This is an idiom. "Your word" refers to the promises Yahweh has made to the writer. Alternate translation: "as you have promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/066.md b/psa/119/066.md index f7fe122521..3b8188958c 100644 --- a/psa/119/066.md +++ b/psa/119/066.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Teach me proper discernment and understanding, for I have believed in your commandments Some languages may require change in logical progression. Alternate translation: "Since I have believed in your commandments, teach me proper discernment and understanding" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-sentences]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-intro]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/067.md b/psa/119/067.md index 7a02eda622..d2533fe8f2 100644 --- a/psa/119/067.md +++ b/psa/119/067.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Disobeying God is spoken of as if the person walked on the wrong path. Alternate # I observe your word Here "word" represents commandments. Alternate translation: "I obey your commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/068.md b/psa/119/068.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/068.md +++ b/psa/119/068.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/069.md b/psa/119/069.md index 9abbb93391..503753ce74 100644 --- a/psa/119/069.md +++ b/psa/119/069.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ People telling many lies about a person is spoken of as if they made the person # with my whole heart Here "heart" represents a person's will. Alternate translation: "with complete commitment" or "completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/070.md b/psa/119/070.md index 94cbd1219c..b55ef44647 100644 --- a/psa/119/070.md +++ b/psa/119/070.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their hearts are hardened Here "hearts" represents the people's wills. A person being stubborn is spoken of as if their hearts or wills were hard like a rock. Alternate translation: "They are stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/071.md b/psa/119/071.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/071.md +++ b/psa/119/071.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/072.md b/psa/119/072.md index aa08164375..66e2d560d4 100644 --- a/psa/119/072.md +++ b/psa/119/072.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "mouth" represents what God says. Alternate translation: "The instructions # than thousands of pieces of gold and silver This can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: "than a large amount of money" or "than great wealth" - diff --git a/psa/119/073.md b/psa/119/073.md index 3dbf57372f..732cd8e1d7 100644 --- a/psa/119/073.md +++ b/psa/119/073.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ God creating a person is spoken of as if God used his hands to shape the person # Your hands Here "hands" represents God's power or action. Alternate translation: "You" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/074.md b/psa/119/074.md index 780e2e29f6..216b37fb7c 100644 --- a/psa/119/074.md +++ b/psa/119/074.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because I find hope in your word "because I trust what you say" or "I confidently believe what you say" - diff --git a/psa/119/075.md b/psa/119/075.md index 76d0c42e27..6b4d0b1e9d 100644 --- a/psa/119/075.md +++ b/psa/119/075.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in faithfulness you afflicted me God promises to reward the righteous and punish wrongdoers, so he is faithful to do what he says he will. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "you punished me because you are faithful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/076.md b/psa/119/076.md index e7cc9dea53..c0ba173e25 100644 --- a/psa/119/076.md +++ b/psa/119/076.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "word" here is a metonym for the promise that Yahweh made using words. # your servant The writer refers to himself as "your servant." Alternate translation: "me, your servant" or "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/077.md b/psa/119/077.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/077.md +++ b/psa/119/077.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/078.md b/psa/119/078.md index e73ece44d1..1a80dc4835 100644 --- a/psa/119/078.md +++ b/psa/119/078.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Put the proud to sham # the proud This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "proud people" or "those who are proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/079.md b/psa/119/079.md index 0ce74b4784..54a9db6f99 100644 --- a/psa/119/079.md +++ b/psa/119/079.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People returning in friendship to the writer is spoken of as if they physically # those who know your solemn commands Possible meanings are 1) this further describes those who honor God or 2) this indicates the purpose for those who honor God to return to the writer. Alternate translation: "so that they may learn your solemn commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-connectingwords]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/080.md b/psa/119/080.md index 0ed1e1393e..f9d4da3809 100644 --- a/psa/119/080.md +++ b/psa/119/080.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts and motives. Alternate translation: # I may not be put to shame This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I may not be ashamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/081.md b/psa/119/081.md index 9da0610b19..eb38622e65 100644 --- a/psa/119/081.md +++ b/psa/119/081.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I hope in your word "I confidently trust in what you say" - diff --git a/psa/119/082.md b/psa/119/082.md index 9196e0fda8..297f98a18d 100644 --- a/psa/119/082.md +++ b/psa/119/082.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My eyes long for your word Here the word "eyes" represents the whole person and the word "word" is a metonym for the promise Yahweh made by speaking words. Alternate translation: "I wait and wait for you to do what you promised to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/083.md b/psa/119/083.md index a19976f001..00672e604f 100644 --- a/psa/119/083.md +++ b/psa/119/083.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have become like a wineskin in the smoke A wineskin is ruined when it hangs for a long time in a smoke-filled place. The writer compares himself to a wineskin that has been ruined by smoke to emphasize that he feels useless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/084.md b/psa/119/084.md index 8af0428fc9..cf2f9f8fb6 100644 --- a/psa/119/084.md +++ b/psa/119/084.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer uses a question to request God to punish those who persecute him. Thi # must your servant The writer refers to himself as "your servant." Alternate translation: "must I, your servant" or "must I" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/085.md b/psa/119/085.md index 56820bd0f6..0ff527f158 100644 --- a/psa/119/085.md +++ b/psa/119/085.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The proud are seeking to capture the writer or cause him to do wrong. This is sp # The proud This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Proud people" or "Those who are proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/086.md b/psa/119/086.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/086.md +++ b/psa/119/086.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/087.md b/psa/119/087.md index 57bca570da..33883edeed 100644 --- a/psa/119/087.md +++ b/psa/119/087.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They have almost made an end to me on earth This is a polite way of speaking about someone killing someone else. Alternate translation: "They have almost killed me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/088.md b/psa/119/088.md index 8cbc7f1fbe..189e33449d 100644 --- a/psa/119/088.md +++ b/psa/119/088.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # By your steadfast love "According to your steadfast love." The phrase "steadfast love" or "faithfulness" can be stated as an adverb. Alternate translation: "because you faithfully love me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/089.md b/psa/119/089.md index 03b69812da..5a80ec818c 100644 --- a/psa/119/089.md +++ b/psa/119/089.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your word is established firmly in heaven This speaks about what God has said as if it were an object that stands firmly upright. Alternate translation: "what you have said will be true in heaven forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/090.md b/psa/119/090.md index ae70e4511d..001a625b3a 100644 --- a/psa/119/090.md +++ b/psa/119/090.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for all generations "for all future generations." This is an idiom that means "forever." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/091.md b/psa/119/091.md index 94ef647e35..f1da20a828 100644 --- a/psa/119/091.md +++ b/psa/119/091.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all things are your servants All created things are spoken of as if they were persons who can serve God. Alternate translation: "all things serve you" or "all things obey your commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/092.md b/psa/119/092.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/092.md +++ b/psa/119/092.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/093.md b/psa/119/093.md index 4af5f52339..3595b5bda6 100644 --- a/psa/119/093.md +++ b/psa/119/093.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I will always remem # for through them you have kept me alive It is implied that the writer obeys God's instructions. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "for you have kept me alive because I obey them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/094.md b/psa/119/094.md index b1da918ad3..ff7014c680 100644 --- a/psa/119/094.md +++ b/psa/119/094.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for I seek your instructions Trying hard to obey God's instructions is spoken of as if instructions were an object for which a person must search. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/095.md b/psa/119/095.md index 30c2860b52..c5e66afc78 100644 --- a/psa/119/095.md +++ b/psa/119/095.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will seek to understand "I will try hard to understand" - diff --git a/psa/119/096.md b/psa/119/096.md index d72eaccf85..d06e34c4ca 100644 --- a/psa/119/096.md +++ b/psa/119/096.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "I have seen that all perfect things eventually cease," # but your command is exceedingly broad God's command always being true and perfect is spoken of as if God's command were an object that is very wide. Alternate translation: "but your command is without limits" or "but your command is eternal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/097.md b/psa/119/097.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/097.md +++ b/psa/119/097.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/098.md b/psa/119/098.md index 1711108841..c0716b2f3d 100644 --- a/psa/119/098.md +++ b/psa/119/098.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your commandments are always with me Constantly thinking about God's commandments is spoken of as if the commandments were an object that the writer keeps with him always. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/099.md b/psa/119/099.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/099.md +++ b/psa/119/099.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/100.md b/psa/119/100.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/100.md +++ b/psa/119/100.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/101.md b/psa/119/101.md index a23e11e253..1ce5588718 100644 --- a/psa/119/101.md +++ b/psa/119/101.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "feet" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "kept myself" (S # observe your word "obey your word" or "observe your commands" - diff --git a/psa/119/102.md b/psa/119/102.md index d1e97554a8..2efc168d2a 100644 --- a/psa/119/102.md +++ b/psa/119/102.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have not turned aside from your righteous decrees Continuing to obey God's righteous decrees is spoken of as if the writer has not physically turned away from the righteous decrees. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I always obey your righteous decrees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/103.md b/psa/119/103.md index f06334283d..ec2c5a003b 100644 --- a/psa/119/103.md +++ b/psa/119/103.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How sweet are your words to my taste, yes, sweeter than honey to my mouth! The writer delighting in what God says is spoken of as if God's words were food that tasted sweet to the writer. Alternate translation: "Your words are good and delightful!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/104.md b/psa/119/104.md index 2826b5c10e..a4674bfa59 100644 --- a/psa/119/104.md +++ b/psa/119/104.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "discernment" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: # therefore I hate every false way Evil behavior is spoken of as if it were a false way or road. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/105.md b/psa/119/105.md index d18acc36d3..9004d48e7e 100644 --- a/psa/119/105.md +++ b/psa/119/105.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two phrases have similar meanings. They speak about God telling a person h # Your word Here "word" represents all that God communicates to people. - diff --git a/psa/119/106.md b/psa/119/106.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/106.md +++ b/psa/119/106.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/107.md b/psa/119/107.md index f3617a5616..7ea5b0d801 100644 --- a/psa/119/107.md +++ b/psa/119/107.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as you have promised in your word "as you have promised to do" - diff --git a/psa/119/108.md b/psa/119/108.md index 985f9ae32c..fcf2fa8f26 100644 --- a/psa/119/108.md +++ b/psa/119/108.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of his prayer as if it were a sacrifice that he is offering to # of my mouth Here "mouth" represents the whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/109.md b/psa/119/109.md index 86b7ec9086..990fe6857e 100644 --- a/psa/119/109.md +++ b/psa/119/109.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means the writer's life is always in danger. Alternate tra # I do not forget your law This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I always remember your laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/110.md b/psa/119/110.md index dfddbbf41a..340d9b29c9 100644 --- a/psa/119/110.md +++ b/psa/119/110.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Wi # I have not strayed from your instructions Not disobeying God's instructions is spoken of as if the writer has not walked away from God's instructions. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "I obey your instructions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/111.md b/psa/119/111.md index aec6a53f87..807dfb2a8e 100644 --- a/psa/119/111.md +++ b/psa/119/111.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer always cherishing and obeying God's decrees is spoken of as if the de # they are the joy of my heart Here "heart" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "they make me joyful" or "I delight in them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/112.md b/psa/119/112.md index d88f1400e8..d4cdaa701b 100644 --- a/psa/119/112.md +++ b/psa/119/112.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" represents the writer's will. The phrase "heart is set" is an idiom # to the very end Possible meanings are 1) "every one of them" 2) "to the very end of my life" or 3) "to the very end of time" - diff --git a/psa/119/113.md b/psa/119/113.md index b98ebbbaea..9fe42c8702 100644 --- a/psa/119/113.md +++ b/psa/119/113.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who have a double mind A person who is not sincere and not fully committed to obeying God is spoken of as if the person has two minds. Alternate translation: "who are not completely committed to obeying you" or "who are insincere" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/114.md b/psa/119/114.md index 0074c20fd5..2c370d190e 100644 --- a/psa/119/114.md +++ b/psa/119/114.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "wait" means to wait expectantly. This has the idea of hope and trust. Alte # your word Here "word" represents what God communicates to people. - diff --git a/psa/119/115.md b/psa/119/115.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/115.md +++ b/psa/119/115.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/116.md b/psa/119/116.md index 3c96a80ef7..645b007207 100644 --- a/psa/119/116.md +++ b/psa/119/116.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # and not be ashamed of my hope Here "my hope" represents the writer's trust in God and his promises. This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "Do not disappoint me" or "Do not cause me shame by not doing what you promised to do" - diff --git a/psa/119/117.md b/psa/119/117.md index ae922feeec..31bfd81577 100644 --- a/psa/119/117.md +++ b/psa/119/117.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Support me "Help me" or "Strengthen me" - diff --git a/psa/119/118.md b/psa/119/118.md index 41fcbc73d4..b3afd1c502 100644 --- a/psa/119/118.md +++ b/psa/119/118.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # their deceit is vain Possible meanings are 1) "those people lie and no one can trust them" or 2) "those people make deceitful plans but they will fail" - diff --git a/psa/119/119.md b/psa/119/119.md index a99a70eb53..3d73d3b2b8 100644 --- a/psa/119/119.md +++ b/psa/119/119.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "th # like slag "like trash" or "like waste" - diff --git a/psa/119/120.md b/psa/119/120.md index b339467956..097ca0ea95 100644 --- a/psa/119/120.md +++ b/psa/119/120.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "body" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I shake because # I am afraid of your righteous decrees It is implied that the writer is afraid of God's righteous decrees because the writer knows that God punishes those who disobey his decrees. You can make the full meaning of this statement explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/121.md b/psa/119/121.md index 315028e005..c1cf8b71af 100644 --- a/psa/119/121.md +++ b/psa/119/121.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # do not abandon me to my oppressors "do not allow people to oppress me" - diff --git a/psa/119/122.md b/psa/119/122.md index 02d2ed38c5..ac6ad6fb5e 100644 --- a/psa/119/122.md +++ b/psa/119/122.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks about himself as "your servant." Alternate translation: "Guara # the proud This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "those who are proud" or "proud people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/123.md b/psa/119/123.md index 43936ea6bb..de0b39f3a2 100644 --- a/psa/119/123.md +++ b/psa/119/123.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "f # your righteous word "your righteous promise" - diff --git a/psa/119/124.md b/psa/119/124.md index 4e21edb124..030024b44b 100644 --- a/psa/119/124.md +++ b/psa/119/124.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks about himself as "your servant." Alternate translation: "Show # your covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as an adverb or adjective. Alternate translation: "that you faithfully love me" or "that you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/125.md b/psa/119/125.md index ed695a2677..f4d9e206af 100644 --- a/psa/119/125.md +++ b/psa/119/125.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # give me understanding The abstract noun "understanding" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "enable me to understand what you want me to know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/126.md b/psa/119/126.md index 494063e51a..5197948ebf 100644 --- a/psa/119/126.md +++ b/psa/119/126.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer is speaking to Yahweh in the third person. This can be stated in seco # people have broken your law This is an idiom. Here "have broken" means "disobeyed." This is a way of saying the people have disobeyed God's law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/127.md b/psa/119/127.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/127.md +++ b/psa/119/127.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/128.md b/psa/119/128.md index e1bf82babf..e6b727a93c 100644 --- a/psa/119/128.md +++ b/psa/119/128.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person carefully obeying all of God's instructions is spoken of as if as if th # every path of falsehood People doing what is evil is spoken of as if they are walking on the wrong path. Alternate translation: "all the bad ways some people live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/129.md b/psa/119/129.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/129.md +++ b/psa/119/129.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/130.md b/psa/119/130.md index 165bd562f2..0f8ec3290f 100644 --- a/psa/119/130.md +++ b/psa/119/130.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh's words as if those words were fabric that is folded # The unfolding of your words gives light The writer speaks of Yahweh's words giving wisdom to a person as if his words were shining a light on them. Alternate translation: "The explanation of your words gives people wisdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/131.md b/psa/119/131.md index 5fc0282ee3..d38c253406 100644 --- a/psa/119/131.md +++ b/psa/119/131.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I open my mouth and pant, for I long for your commandments The writer speaks of his desire for Yahweh's commandments as if he were a dog panting for water. Alternate translation: "I earnestly long for your commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/132.md b/psa/119/132.md index 1de7613b76..a681e67085 100644 --- a/psa/119/132.md +++ b/psa/119/132.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ To turn towards someone means to pay attention to that person. Alternate transla # love your name Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "love you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/133.md b/psa/119/133.md index 56ac3d5bfd..30a672b667 100644 --- a/psa/119/133.md +++ b/psa/119/133.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "footsteps" represents the writer as he is walking. He speaks of t # do not let any wickedness rule me The writer speaks of wickedness as if it were a person who has authority over him. Possible meanings are 1) "do not let me habitually do wicked deeds" or 2) "do not let wicked men rule me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/134.md b/psa/119/134.md index 803e6f9083..b3295c511a 100644 --- a/psa/119/134.md +++ b/psa/119/134.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Redeem me from human oppression The word "oppression" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Save me from people who oppress others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/135.md b/psa/119/135.md index d2d7ea5c7f..c858772c49 100644 --- a/psa/119/135.md +++ b/psa/119/135.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let your face shine on your servant The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably towards him as if Yahweh's face shone a light on him. Alternate translation: "Act favorably towards your servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/136.md b/psa/119/136.md index 49851ac946..962e9b5fe0 100644 --- a/psa/119/136.md +++ b/psa/119/136.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of his many tears as if they were streams of water. Alternate # observe your law "obey your law" - diff --git a/psa/119/137.md b/psa/119/137.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/137.md +++ b/psa/119/137.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/138.md b/psa/119/138.md index e342e5dbca..5e803a67b2 100644 --- a/psa/119/138.md +++ b/psa/119/138.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # solemn commands Other possible meanings are "testimonies" or "laws." See how you translated this in [Psalms 78:5](../078/005.md). - diff --git a/psa/119/139.md b/psa/119/139.md index d37b36ce23..5a335b07ef 100644 --- a/psa/119/139.md +++ b/psa/119/139.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zeal has destroyed me This is an idiom. The phrase is an exaggeration for "I am extremely angry." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/140.md b/psa/119/140.md index d45f6f8118..60f9a5b519 100644 --- a/psa/119/140.md +++ b/psa/119/140.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have tested your wo # your servant loves The writer speaks of himself as if he were another person. Alternate translation: "I, your servant, love" or "I love" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/141.md b/psa/119/141.md index 921c33fece..cc21527560 100644 --- a/psa/119/141.md +++ b/psa/119/141.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am ... despised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People despise me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/142.md b/psa/119/142.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/142.md +++ b/psa/119/142.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/143.md b/psa/119/143.md index 5919dd7c7d..19a11eac81 100644 --- a/psa/119/143.md +++ b/psa/119/143.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # distress and anguish have found me The psalmist speaks of distress and anguish as if they were people. Alternate translation: "I have become distressed and anguished" or "my body and my mind are suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/144.md b/psa/119/144.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/144.md +++ b/psa/119/144.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/145.md b/psa/119/145.md index 9e3bfd6cf4..f24ee4a642 100644 --- a/psa/119/145.md +++ b/psa/119/145.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with my whole heart The psalmist speaks of his whole being as if it were only his heart. Alternate translation: "completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/146.md b/psa/119/146.md index 7188fa2c8c..7e0329afea 100644 --- a/psa/119/146.md +++ b/psa/119/146.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # solemn commands Other possible meanings are "testimonies" or "laws."See how you translated this in [Psalms 78:5](../078/005.md). - diff --git a/psa/119/147.md b/psa/119/147.md index 6fbf3a0a7a..88cecf01c2 100644 --- a/psa/119/147.md +++ b/psa/119/147.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # dawn of the morning "before the sun first appears" - diff --git a/psa/119/148.md b/psa/119/148.md index 0e07f7b334..8072558c72 100644 --- a/psa/119/148.md +++ b/psa/119/148.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My eyes are open before the night watches change This is an idiom. In Hebrew culture, the night was usually divided into three "watches" or periods. Alternate translation: "I am awake all night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/149.md b/psa/119/149.md index 57a14cc5df..11ab82de55 100644 --- a/psa/119/149.md +++ b/psa/119/149.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in your covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "because you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/150.md b/psa/119/150.md index 124f95bec6..044acb98c5 100644 --- a/psa/119/150.md +++ b/psa/119/150.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they are far from your law "they have strayed from your law" or "they do not pay any attention to your laws" - diff --git a/psa/119/151.md b/psa/119/151.md index 76db658927..405cc72f96 100644 --- a/psa/119/151.md +++ b/psa/119/151.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all your commandments are trustworthy "I can trust your commandments" - diff --git a/psa/119/152.md b/psa/119/152.md index 3d821ebdaf..cfe2b19253 100644 --- a/psa/119/152.md +++ b/psa/119/152.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Other possible meanings are "testimonies" or "laws." See how you translated this # set them in place The psalmist speaks of Yahweh's commands as if they were posts set in the ground. Alternate translation: "given them for people to obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/153.md b/psa/119/153.md index 15d01cc8fe..391c540610 100644 --- a/psa/119/153.md +++ b/psa/119/153.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Look on my affliction The psalmist speaks of affliction as if it were an object that people could see. Alternate translation: "Look at how much I am suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/154.md b/psa/119/154.md index fe2df8b380..1bdb0e997c 100644 --- a/psa/119/154.md +++ b/psa/119/154.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # according to your word The word "word" here is a metonym for the promise that Yahweh made using words. Alternate translation: "as you promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/155.md b/psa/119/155.md index b412c5d145..66b1774a9b 100644 --- a/psa/119/155.md +++ b/psa/119/155.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Salvation is far from the wicked God not saving a person is spoken of as if salvation were far from the person. The abstract noun "Salvation" can be stated as "save." Alternate translation: "You will certainly not save the wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/156.md b/psa/119/156.md index eef6ff57ea..2d9433c0d0 100644 --- a/psa/119/156.md +++ b/psa/119/156.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "great" means "many." Alternate translation: "You have shown mercy to peopl # as you always do Another possible meaning is "because you do what is just." - diff --git a/psa/119/157.md b/psa/119/157.md index ef7ab210c1..72df509261 100644 --- a/psa/119/157.md +++ b/psa/119/157.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom. "I have not stopped obeying" or "I have not stopped believing" # covenant decrees Other possible meanings are "testimonies" or "laws." See how this is translated in [Psalms 78:5](../078/005.md). - diff --git a/psa/119/158.md b/psa/119/158.md index 256d961480..7851ed3a50 100644 --- a/psa/119/158.md +++ b/psa/119/158.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The adjective "treacherous" can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate transl # do not keep "do not obey" - diff --git a/psa/119/159.md b/psa/119/159.md index 3e953ba40a..b5ac521987 100644 --- a/psa/119/159.md +++ b/psa/119/159.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # by your covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "because you are faithful to your covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/160.md b/psa/119/160.md index 54086dcd1c..ac079b497e 100644 --- a/psa/119/160.md +++ b/psa/119/160.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The essence of your word is truth "Your word is completely true" or "Your word can be trusted" - diff --git a/psa/119/161.md b/psa/119/161.md index 2bd4a52209..94575d9c57 100644 --- a/psa/119/161.md +++ b/psa/119/161.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my heart stands in awe of your word The psalmist speaks of the heart as if it could be amazed. The heart is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "I am amazed at your word" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/162.md b/psa/119/162.md index 38797a7966..c93a26aa25 100644 --- a/psa/119/162.md +++ b/psa/119/162.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # plunder Possible meanings are 1) things that soldiers and robbers take from those they have defeated in battle or 2) things of great value or "treasure." - diff --git a/psa/119/163.md b/psa/119/163.md index a600977a97..ba6d2b140c 100644 --- a/psa/119/163.md +++ b/psa/119/163.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two words mean almost the same thing. Alternate translation: "hate very st # falsehood Possible meanings are this is a metonym for 1) "people who lie" or 2) "the false words that people say." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/164.md b/psa/119/164.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/164.md +++ b/psa/119/164.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/165.md b/psa/119/165.md index d4afe411d1..27543d0b05 100644 --- a/psa/119/165.md +++ b/psa/119/165.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # nothing makes them stumble Possible meanings are 1) "nothing makes them do wrong" or 2) "nothing causes them trouble." - diff --git a/psa/119/166.md b/psa/119/166.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/119/166.md +++ b/psa/119/166.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/119/167.md b/psa/119/167.md index 31473dd6f4..df3ec2be6a 100644 --- a/psa/119/167.md +++ b/psa/119/167.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # solemn commands Other possible meanings are "testimonies" or "laws." See how you translated this in [Psalms 119:2](../119/002.md). - diff --git a/psa/119/168.md b/psa/119/168.md index 7c395a1829..d1c8caf410 100644 --- a/psa/119/168.md +++ b/psa/119/168.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I keep your instructions "I obey your instructions" - diff --git a/psa/119/169.md b/psa/119/169.md index 904f41e0ee..2c01ef20fc 100644 --- a/psa/119/169.md +++ b/psa/119/169.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # give me understanding into your word The psalmist speaks of the ability to understand as if it were a solid object. Alternate translation: "help me understand your word" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/170.md b/psa/119/170.md index 55dbc0fd12..18b40c8f06 100644 --- a/psa/119/170.md +++ b/psa/119/170.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of the words he says in prayer as if they were people who wa # according to your word The word "word" here is a metonym for the promise that Yahweh made using words. Alternate translation: "as you promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/171.md b/psa/119/171.md index b53f196034..480204bf24 100644 --- a/psa/119/171.md +++ b/psa/119/171.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May my lips pour out praise The psalmist speaks of his lips as if they were a container and his praise a liquid that could be poured out. Here the word "lips" is a synecdoche which represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "I desire to praise you much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/172.md b/psa/119/172.md index 97c1256b3d..eaacec276b 100644 --- a/psa/119/172.md +++ b/psa/119/172.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my tongue sing The psalmist speaks of his tongue either 1) as if it were a person or 2) as a synecdoche for his whole being. Alternate translation: "me sing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/173.md b/psa/119/173.md index 9fca3be5b1..465a644cce 100644 --- a/psa/119/173.md +++ b/psa/119/173.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The hand is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "Please he # have chosen "have chosen to obey" - diff --git a/psa/119/174.md b/psa/119/174.md index 00ad7874b7..d41b33930c 100644 --- a/psa/119/174.md +++ b/psa/119/174.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your law is my delight The abstract noun "delight" can be stated as a verb. "I very much enjoy obeying your law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/175.md b/psa/119/175.md index df213f5bbf..a863fa3aa0 100644 --- a/psa/119/175.md +++ b/psa/119/175.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # may your righteous decrees help me The psalmist speaks of Yahweh's decrees as if they were a person who could help him. Alternate translation: "may I listen to your righteous decrees and so become wise and strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/119/176.md b/psa/119/176.md index 79e6a962e5..0b5cbf61ce 100644 --- a/psa/119/176.md +++ b/psa/119/176.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The psalmist compares his disobedience to Yahweh to a sheep that has wandered aw # seek your servant "because I am your servant, come and search for me" - diff --git a/psa/119/intro.md b/psa/119/intro.md index 0e943bb2e7..d1c3e22ce7 100644 --- a/psa/119/intro.md +++ b/psa/119/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Psalm 119 General Notes -### Formatting in this chapter +## Formatting in this chapter This is a certain kind of psalm called an acrostic. The Hebrew language has twenty-two letters, and this psalm has twenty-two groups of verses, one group for each letter of the alphabet. Each group has eight verses, and each verse in a group begins with the same letter. The verses in the first group begin with the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet, the verses in the second group begin with the second letter of the Hebrew alphabet, and so on through the whole alphabet. In the ULB, the names of the Hebrew letters are written in uppercase letters before each group of verses that begin with that letter. The names of the first four Hebrew letters are ALEPH, BETH, GIMEL, and DALETH. You will be able to recognize the names of the other Hebrew letters as you see them because they, too, are written in uppercase letters. These letter names are not actually part of the psalm, but many translations use them to help the readers see its structure. -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 119 is a wisdom psalm about the Law of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The Law -#### The Law The author loved the law of God and was blessed by obeying it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +21,3 @@ The author loved the law of God and was blessed by obeying it. (See: [[rc://en/t * __[Psalms 119:1](../../psa/119/001.md)__ __[<<](../118/intro.md) | [>>](../120/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/120/001.md b/psa/120/001.md index 38ad6ef0ff..e95a719bd7 100644 --- a/psa/120/001.md +++ b/psa/120/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # In my distress "In my trouble" or "When I was in trouble" - diff --git a/psa/120/002.md b/psa/120/002.md index a15845b599..3dc6cd581f 100644 --- a/psa/120/002.md +++ b/psa/120/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "life" represents the person. Alternate translation: "Rescue me" ( # those who lie with their lips and deceive with their tongues Here the phrases "their lips" and "their tongues" represent the people who speak lies and deceit. Alternate translation: "those who lie to me and try to deceive me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/120/003.md b/psa/120/003.md index d83c9952bb..0fa7868818 100644 --- a/psa/120/003.md +++ b/psa/120/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer asks this as a leading question to explain what God will do to liars. # you who have a lying tongue Here "a lying tongue" represents the person who speaks lies. Alternate translation: "you who tell lies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/120/004.md b/psa/120/004.md index 4a2154317d..b5d54c1c44 100644 --- a/psa/120/004.md +++ b/psa/120/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of God severely punishing liars as if God were shooting them w # sharpened over burning coals of the broom tree This refers to how people forged the tip of the arrow in a fire. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that he sharpened over burning coals of the broom tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/120/005.md b/psa/120/005.md index b6189b2c11..b5c00c00fb 100644 --- a/psa/120/005.md +++ b/psa/120/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two places were far away from each other. The writer is likely using the n # the tents of Kedar This phrase represents the people of Kedar who live in those tents. Alternate translation: "the people who live in Kedar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/120/006.md b/psa/120/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/120/006.md +++ b/psa/120/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/120/007.md b/psa/120/007.md index 7a814a99a8..7aec17f02d 100644 --- a/psa/120/007.md +++ b/psa/120/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they are for war "they want war" - diff --git a/psa/120/intro.md b/psa/120/intro.md index 210eddecfc..b517552026 100644 --- a/psa/120/intro.md +++ b/psa/120/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 120 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 120 is a psalm of deliverance from liars. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Fighting -#### Fighting The author did not want to fight, but the people he lived with wanted to fight him. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author did not want to fight, but the people he lived with wanted to fight h * __[Psalms 120:1](../../psa/120/001.md)__ __[<<](../119/intro.md) | [>>](../121/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/121/001.md b/psa/121/001.md index 73d5f8200b..ed63f6de4c 100644 --- a/psa/121/001.md +++ b/psa/121/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This expression means "look at" or "focus my attention on." (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # From where will my help come? The writer uses this question to focus attention on the source of his help. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I will tell you from where my help comes." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/121/002.md b/psa/121/002.md index 987c5b9e65..4487083501 100644 --- a/psa/121/002.md +++ b/psa/121/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My help comes from Yahweh This is the answer to the previous question. - diff --git a/psa/121/003.md b/psa/121/003.md index 9c38dcd661..09fd069f16 100644 --- a/psa/121/003.md +++ b/psa/121/003.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "slumber" is a metaphor for "stop protecting." The negative form strengthen # he who protects you God - diff --git a/psa/121/004.md b/psa/121/004.md index 008633e198..b8b2349668 100644 --- a/psa/121/004.md +++ b/psa/121/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word alerts us to pay attention to the important information that follows. # never slumbers or sleeps These two words mean the same thing. Here to "slumber" is a metaphor for "stop protecting." The negative form strengthens the statement. Alternate translation: "will not stop protecting you" or "will always protect you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/121/005.md b/psa/121/005.md index 47f649245c..bcc9390f35 100644 --- a/psa/121/005.md +++ b/psa/121/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "shade" refers to protection. Alternate translation: "God is beside you to # at your right hand Here this expression means to be beside or near to the writer. - diff --git a/psa/121/006.md b/psa/121/006.md index 0296d7a616..eb170d0d33 100644 --- a/psa/121/006.md +++ b/psa/121/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The contrasting terms "day" and "night" refer to those extremes and everything i # nor the moon by night It is implies that "will not harm you" is implied here. The full meaning of this statement may be made clear. Alternate translation: "nor will the moon harm you by night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/121/007.md b/psa/121/007.md index 26d6a6ac2a..364d038265 100644 --- a/psa/121/007.md +++ b/psa/121/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your life This refers to the writer. Alternate translation: "you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/121/008.md b/psa/121/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/121/008.md +++ b/psa/121/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/121/intro.md b/psa/121/intro.md index 5361effcac..8b9059f772 100644 --- a/psa/121/intro.md +++ b/psa/121/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 121 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 121 is a worship psalm. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's protection -#### Yahweh's protection God always watches over those who believe in him and protects them from harm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God always watches over those who believe in him and protects them from harm. (S * __[Psalms 121:1](../../psa/121/001.md)__ __[<<](../120/intro.md) | [>>](../122/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/122/001.md b/psa/122/001.md index ebdc38a944..5617d04228 100644 --- a/psa/122/001.md +++ b/psa/122/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # A song of ascents Possible meanings are 1) "song people sang while going up to Jerusalem for a celebration" or 2) "song people sang while going up the steps into the temple" or 3) "song whose words are like steps." See how you translated this in [Psalms 120:1](../120/001.md) - diff --git a/psa/122/002.md b/psa/122/002.md index 08c715c601..270ddea73b 100644 --- a/psa/122/002.md +++ b/psa/122/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "feet" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "we are standing" # within your gates Here "gates" refers to the city. Alternate translation: "inside you, Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/122/003.md b/psa/122/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/122/003.md +++ b/psa/122/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/122/004.md b/psa/122/004.md index 8073916e6e..d28c13a6cd 100644 --- a/psa/122/004.md +++ b/psa/122/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the name of Yahweh Here "name" refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/122/005.md b/psa/122/005.md index 1275d4a43b..513b06b6c8 100644 --- a/psa/122/005.md +++ b/psa/122/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the house of David Here "house" refers to the descendants of David. Alternate translation: "the descendants of David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/122/006.md b/psa/122/006.md index 99a8acab3b..8a5e0c5a45 100644 --- a/psa/122/006.md +++ b/psa/122/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May those who love you be at ease This section states the content of the prayer that the writer wants his audience to pray. He asks them to speak directly to the city of Jerusalem, as if the city were a person who could hear them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/122/007.md b/psa/122/007.md index a1a0854997..b723fb6291 100644 --- a/psa/122/007.md +++ b/psa/122/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two phrases have the same meanings and are used together to strengthen eac # within the walls that defend you ... within your fortresses Here Jerusalem is referred to by the fortress walls that protects it. The terms "walls" and "fortress" refer to the same thing. Alternate translation: "within Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/122/008.md b/psa/122/008.md index efbad90d47..3e39dc3199 100644 --- a/psa/122/008.md +++ b/psa/122/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In this section, the writer speaks directly to the city of Jerusalem, as if the # May there be peace within you "May the people in you live in peace" - diff --git a/psa/122/009.md b/psa/122/009.md index 05e8cac27b..dc98f10e93 100644 --- a/psa/122/009.md +++ b/psa/122/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will seek good for you The abstract noun "good" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "I will pray that people treat you well" - diff --git a/psa/122/intro.md b/psa/122/intro.md index 2419784866..1ed5bc544d 100644 --- a/psa/122/intro.md +++ b/psa/122/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 122 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 122 is a psalm about Jerusalem. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Jerusalem -#### Jerusalem Jerusalem is an important city, the center of government and religious activities; so the author prays for peace for the city. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Jerusalem is an important city, the center of government and religious activitie * __[Psalms 122:1](../../psa/122/001.md)__ __[<<](../121/intro.md) | [>>](../123/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/123/001.md b/psa/123/001.md index 245476e4f7..f6625b3f6d 100644 --- a/psa/123/001.md +++ b/psa/123/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the author refers to his eyes because that is the part of the body used for # enthroned sitting on a throne and ruling as king - diff --git a/psa/123/002.md b/psa/123/002.md index 1f6e5dee56..de5cd5c572 100644 --- a/psa/123/002.md +++ b/psa/123/002.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ woman who has authority over servant girls # has mercy on us The abstract noun "mercy" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "act mercifully toward us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/123/003.md b/psa/123/003.md index 8b3b38bcfa..6c6de27099 100644 --- a/psa/123/003.md +++ b/psa/123/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "mercy" can be stated as an action. See how you translated a s # we are filled with humiliation Here humiliation is spoken of as if it were something that could be fill up a person. "we are very disgraced" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/123/004.md b/psa/123/004.md index 0263ca501a..7b95c32710 100644 --- a/psa/123/004.md +++ b/psa/123/004.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the insolent people. Alternate translation: "rude and arrogant pe # the proud This refers to the proud people. Alternate translation: "the people who are proud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/123/intro.md b/psa/123/intro.md index 11ed430ccb..41cc1377be 100644 --- a/psa/123/intro.md +++ b/psa/123/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 123 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 123 is a psalm asking for deliverance from the contempt of proud people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -#### Trust Just as a servant trusts his master to protect him, so the author is trusting God to stop proud people from insulting him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Just as a servant trusts his master to protect him, so the author is trusting Go * __[Psalms 123:1](../../psa/123/001.md)__ __[<<](../122/intro.md) | [>>](../124/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/124/001.md b/psa/124/001.md index 17fba91fa3..687c208604 100644 --- a/psa/124/001.md +++ b/psa/124/001.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this Possible meanings are 1) "song people sang while going up to Jerusalem for a celebration" or 2) "song people sang while going up the steps into the temple" or 3) "song whose words are like steps." See how you translated this in [Psalms 120:1](../120/001.md) # If Yahweh had not been on our side -This is the beginning of a statement about what could have happened but did not. Yahweh really was on their side. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) +This is the beginning of a statement about what could have happened but did not. Yahweh really was on their side. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) diff --git a/psa/124/002.md b/psa/124/002.md index 5e6c807525..74d82efe49 100644 --- a/psa/124/002.md +++ b/psa/124/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if it had not been Yahweh who was on our side This is the continuation of a statement about something that did not actually happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) - diff --git a/psa/124/003.md b/psa/124/003.md index 0c109b3966..3e6afe1854 100644 --- a/psa/124/003.md +++ b/psa/124/003.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # then they would have swallowed us up alive This is the end of a statement that begins with the words "If Yahweh had not been on our side" in [Psalms 124:1](../124/001.md) and continues with the words "if it had not been Yahweh who was on our side when men rose up against us" in [Psalms 124:2](./002.md). It describes a result that did not happen because Yahweh was actually on their side. Israel's enemies could not swallow them up alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]]) + # swallowed us up alive This metaphor describes how the enemies could have attacked and killed the Israelites to how a fierce animal attacks a smaller animal and eats it. Alternate translation: "killed us all"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ This metaphor describes how the enemies could have attacked and killed the Israe # their anger raged against us Here "their anger" refers to the enemies who were angry. Alternate translation: "they were very angry with us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/124/004.md b/psa/124/004.md index 1f80ff8d3c..2aec39b57e 100644 --- a/psa/124/004.md +++ b/psa/124/004.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the enemies of the writer are spoken of as if they were a flood of water. A # the torrent would have overwhelmed us Here the enemies of the writer are spoken of as if they were a flood of water that would have drowned the Israelites. Alternate translation: "our enemies would have overwhelmed us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/124/005.md b/psa/124/005.md index f730b8b309..e56b683308 100644 --- a/psa/124/005.md +++ b/psa/124/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is another result of the situation described in [Psalms 124:1](../124/001.m # the raging waters would have drowned us Here the enemies of the writer are spoken of as if they were a raging river that would have drowned the Israelites. Alternate translation: "our enemies would have destroyed us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/124/006.md b/psa/124/006.md index 67ea323bb8..9326540ccf 100644 --- a/psa/124/006.md +++ b/psa/124/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # torn by their teeth The enemies are spoken of as if they were wild animals that would destroy the Israelites by eating them. Alternate translation: "destroyed as if we were eaten by wild animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/124/007.md b/psa/124/007.md index dfdb442a22..098f4dfb3b 100644 --- a/psa/124/007.md +++ b/psa/124/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a small trap of string or wire made for catching small animals or birds # the snare has been broken The plot of the enemies to catch the writer failed as if it was a snare that had broken. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/124/008.md b/psa/124/008.md index b8a3c4b4a8..4622a46510 100644 --- a/psa/124/008.md +++ b/psa/124/008.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # the name of Yahweh -The word "name" here is a metonym for the power and authority of the person or for the person himself. Alternate translation: "the power and authority of Yahweh" "Yahweh himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) \ No newline at end of file +The word "name" here is a metonym for the power and authority of the person or for the person himself. Alternate translation: "the power and authority of Yahweh" "Yahweh himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/psa/124/intro.md b/psa/124/intro.md index e30ef2a45c..d0b239b3d3 100644 --- a/psa/124/intro.md +++ b/psa/124/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 124 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 124 is a psalm of praise for God's delivering the Israelites from their enemy's attack. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh saves -#### Yahweh saves God saved the Israelites from their enemy who wanted to completely destroy them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God saved the Israelites from their enemy who wanted to completely destroy them. * __[Psalms 124:1](../../psa/124/001.md)__ __[<<](../123/intro.md) | [>>](../125/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/125/001.md b/psa/125/001.md index 5194ed89ed..35e7f9c8d6 100644 --- a/psa/125/001.md +++ b/psa/125/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # Those who trust in Yahweh are like Mount Zion, unshakable, forever enduring People who trust in Yahweh are spoken of as if they they were Mount Zion. Mountains are unable to be moved. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/125/002.md b/psa/125/002.md index c6445fb62e..4a91448d94 100644 --- a/psa/125/002.md +++ b/psa/125/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh's protection is spoken of as if he was the mountains surrounding Jerusale # now and forever Here, this phrase means "always." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/125/003.md b/psa/125/003.md index 4ffbfb0077..905a351e2a 100644 --- a/psa/125/003.md +++ b/psa/125/003.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ Here the scepter of wickedness represents the rule of wicked people. Alternate t # the assigned portion -the land that Yahweh assigned to the people of Israel \ No newline at end of file +the land that Yahweh assigned to the people of Israel diff --git a/psa/125/004.md b/psa/125/004.md index 381a4956f1..95d9f9a97f 100644 --- a/psa/125/004.md +++ b/psa/125/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a request. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, please do good things" or "Ya # are upright in their hearts Here, "hearts" refers to their desires. Alternate translation: "desire to do the right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/125/005.md b/psa/125/005.md index e0313497f3..09deaeec72 100644 --- a/psa/125/005.md +++ b/psa/125/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here wicked ways are spoken of as if they were a path that is not straight. Alte # lead them away People are lead away in order to punish them. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "lead them away to punish them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/125/intro.md b/psa/125/intro.md index f545ab61dc..6d4832190b 100644 --- a/psa/125/intro.md +++ b/psa/125/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 125 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 125 is a psalm of praise. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's protection -#### Yahweh's protection God protects good people. He will not allow the evil people to rule over the good people because they might make them do evil. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God protects good people. He will not allow the evil people to rule over the goo * __[Psalms 125:1](../../psa/125/001.md)__ __[<<](../124/intro.md) | [>>](../126/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/126/001.md b/psa/126/001.md index 459a04104c..621923f82f 100644 --- a/psa/126/001.md +++ b/psa/126/001.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ This is an idiom that means that Yahweh restored Zion's good life. Alternate tra # Zion -This is a metonym for the people who lived in Zion. Alternate translation: "the people of Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) \ No newline at end of file +This is a metonym for the people who lived in Zion. Alternate translation: "the people of Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/psa/126/002.md b/psa/126/002.md index 2fa3b19cb5..e360289f64 100644 --- a/psa/126/002.md +++ b/psa/126/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The verbs "were filled" can be stated clearly. Joyful shouting is spoken of as i # they said among the nations "the people of the nations said among themselves." The pronoun is used before introducing what it references. This is very unusual. - diff --git a/psa/126/003.md b/psa/126/003.md index 9395bed8cc..7763a4b6cc 100644 --- a/psa/126/003.md +++ b/psa/126/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh did great things for us; how glad we were! "How glad we were, because Yahweh did these great things for us!" - diff --git a/psa/126/004.md b/psa/126/004.md index 1385146964..ce229dba97 100644 --- a/psa/126/004.md +++ b/psa/126/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Reverse our captivity This is an idiom for a request that Yahweh restore the speakers' good life. See how you translated similar words in [Psalm 126:1](../126/001.md). Alternate translation: "Restore our fortunes" or "Allow us to live well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/126/005.md b/psa/126/005.md index d18cca6644..449bf7231a 100644 --- a/psa/126/005.md +++ b/psa/126/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Those who sow in tears "Those who weep as they sow" - diff --git a/psa/126/006.md b/psa/126/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/126/006.md +++ b/psa/126/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/126/intro.md b/psa/126/intro.md index 849c6a310c..71d8a10ef3 100644 --- a/psa/126/intro.md +++ b/psa/126/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 126 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 126 is a psalm of praise for Yahweh bringing captives home. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Sorrow and joy -#### Sorrow and joy People may have sorrow now; but later it will turn into joy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/joy]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ People may have sorrow now; but later it will turn into joy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/ * __[Psalms 126:1](../../psa/126/001.md)__ __[<<](../125/intro.md) | [>>](../127/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/127/001.md b/psa/127/001.md index 4e20642ab0..8146b81ece 100644 --- a/psa/127/001.md +++ b/psa/127/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # song of ascents Possible meanings are 1) "song people sang while going up to Jerusalem for a celebration" or 2) "song people sang while going up the steps into the temple" or 3) "song whose words are like steps." See how you translated this in [Psalms 120:1](../120/001.md) - diff --git a/psa/127/002.md b/psa/127/002.md index a08ca13a96..22ef3d7d19 100644 --- a/psa/127/002.md +++ b/psa/127/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person who works hard often has to wake up earlier in the morning and return h # eat the bread of hard work This is an idiom. Bread often represents the food a person needs every day in order to live. Alternate translation: "work hard for your daily needs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/127/003.md b/psa/127/003.md index aa738a6d5c..7de4d76191 100644 --- a/psa/127/003.md +++ b/psa/127/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # heritage property that a person can inherit from his ancestors. Children normally receive an inheritance from their parents. Inheritance goes from parents to children. This passage uses parents inheriting children from Yahweh as a metaphor for Yahweh being the only one who can give children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/127/004.md b/psa/127/004.md index 1a8c1e151e..9df39d82f7 100644 --- a/psa/127/004.md +++ b/psa/127/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Like arrows in the hand of a warrior, so are the children of one's youth Arrows are very important to a warrior because they protect him in battle. Children are spoken of as if they are a warrior's arrow. Alternate translation: "Having many children will help to protect you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/127/005.md b/psa/127/005.md index 9f52716a8b..1df4400e8f 100644 --- a/psa/127/005.md +++ b/psa/127/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his quiver full of them A quiver is a container for arrows. Having many children is spoken of as if the children were arrows in a quiver. Alternate translation: "a home full of children" or "many children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/127/intro.md b/psa/127/intro.md index 818a80f866..474ac9a386 100644 --- a/psa/127/intro.md +++ b/psa/127/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 127 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 127 is a wisdom psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Blessings -#### Blessings God wants his people to have rest. It is a blessing to have many children. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/rest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God wants his people to have rest. It is a blessing to have many children. (See: * __[Psalms 127:1](../../psa/127/001.md)__ __[<<](../126/intro.md) | [>>](../128/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/128/001.md b/psa/128/001.md index 4fb81f1390..2502251094 100644 --- a/psa/128/001.md +++ b/psa/128/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase occurs in the passive voice to avoid implying that Yahweh is obligat # who walks in his ways Walking here represents behaving. The phrase "his ways" represents what Yahweh wants people to do. Alternative translation: "who behaves the way Yahweh wants people to behave" or "who does what Yahweh commands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/128/002.md b/psa/128/002.md index e86c46308f..4a382112f2 100644 --- a/psa/128/002.md +++ b/psa/128/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase is a metonym for the food that the labor of the hands produces. Alte # you will be blessed and prosper The words "be blessed" and "prosper" share similar meanings and emphasize God's favor. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will bless you and prosper you" or "Yahweh will make you blessed and prosperous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/128/003.md b/psa/128/003.md index 649b3426f3..6361ead05d 100644 --- a/psa/128/003.md +++ b/psa/128/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Children are compared to olive plants because of the way they grow to surround s # around your table This refers to the place where a family gathers to eat. Often, all those who eat a man's table are under his authority or control. - diff --git a/psa/128/004.md b/psa/128/004.md index 0fcbc03611..d886fd7cc4 100644 --- a/psa/128/004.md +++ b/psa/128/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the man will be blessed who honors Yahweh This can be stated as an active verb. "Yahweh will bless the man who honors him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/128/005.md b/psa/128/005.md index 97a907f996..0468afab63 100644 --- a/psa/128/005.md +++ b/psa/128/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the days of your life "throughout your lifetime" - diff --git a/psa/128/006.md b/psa/128/006.md index 3dcbb7bb21..f126905a0b 100644 --- a/psa/128/006.md +++ b/psa/128/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May peace be on Israel "May Israel have peace" - diff --git a/psa/128/intro.md b/psa/128/intro.md index f110f529f6..5e9aa3a9e4 100644 --- a/psa/128/intro.md +++ b/psa/128/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 128 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 128 is a wisdom psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Respect -#### Respect Those people who respect God will live well and have many children. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Those people who respect God will live well and have many children. (See: [[rc:/ * __[Psalms 128:1](../../psa/128/001.md)__ __[<<](../127/intro.md) | [>>](../129/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/129/001.md b/psa/129/001.md index 81dde9e228..3cd857886b 100644 --- a/psa/129/001.md +++ b/psa/129/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A song of ascents This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) - diff --git a/psa/129/002.md b/psa/129/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/129/002.md +++ b/psa/129/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/129/003.md b/psa/129/003.md index 3adbffda12..7d4fad96db 100644 --- a/psa/129/003.md +++ b/psa/129/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The cuts from a whipping are spoken of as the plow of a plowman. A farmer plowed # they made their furrows long This is a continuation of the plowing metaphor. The "furrow" is the line the farmer plowed. Alternate translation: "they made their cuts long" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/129/004.md b/psa/129/004.md index 40ac1e78ac..6942a43fd7 100644 --- a/psa/129/004.md +++ b/psa/129/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he has cut off the ropes of the wicked Israel is spoken of as being bound by evil people. Alternate translation: "he has freed us from our enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/129/005.md b/psa/129/005.md index 8a335abbb2..1d7a2f95a1 100644 --- a/psa/129/005.md +++ b/psa/129/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May they all be put to shame and turned back Yahweh is not explicitly mentioned as the one who does these things. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May Yahweh shame them and defeat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/129/006.md b/psa/129/006.md index e4b647a37a..6141170d12 100644 --- a/psa/129/006.md +++ b/psa/129/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May they be like the grass on the housetops that withers before it grows up The psalmist speaks of his enemies dying and being few in number. He compares them to the little bit of grass that grows on the roof of a house and withers and is not enough to cut or bundle. Alternate translation: "May they die and may there be few of them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/129/007.md b/psa/129/007.md index a541d3d623..746e137657 100644 --- a/psa/129/007.md +++ b/psa/129/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that cannot fill ... together These words finish the simile that begins in ([Psalms 129:6](../129/006.md)). The psalmist speaks of his enemies dying and being few in number. He compares them to the little bit of grass that grows on the roof of a house and withers and is not enough to cut or bundle. "May they be like the grass, which cannot fill ... together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/129/008.md b/psa/129/008.md index 8656767e51..fb23d34fa5 100644 --- a/psa/129/008.md +++ b/psa/129/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the blessing of Yahweh be on you "Yahweh bless you" - diff --git a/psa/129/intro.md b/psa/129/intro.md index 1cfd284794..391dd7b184 100644 --- a/psa/129/intro.md +++ b/psa/129/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 129 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 129 is a psalm of deliverance from Israel's many enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh saves -#### Yahweh saves Israel's enemies have always persecuted them but God has saved them from their enemies. He prays that this enemy will be destroyed with no one to wish them well. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Israel's enemies have always persecuted them but God has saved them from their e * __[Psalms 129:1](../../psa/129/001.md)__ __[<<](../128/intro.md) | [>>](../130/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/130/001.md b/psa/130/001.md index ecd1f3e99d..395662ae38 100644 --- a/psa/130/001.md +++ b/psa/130/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # Out of the depths I The author's sadness is spoken of as if it were a container. His sadness comes from the bottom of the container. Sadness is often spoken of as being a container that fills from the top to the bottom. Alternate translation: "Because I am very sad, I" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/130/002.md b/psa/130/002.md index dc9e90080c..6b87dec07d 100644 --- a/psa/130/002.md +++ b/psa/130/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The ears represent Yahweh, but because the author knows that Yahweh hears everyt # to my pleas for mercy The abstract noun "mercy" can be stated as "merciful." Alternate translation: "to my pleas and be merciful to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/130/003.md b/psa/130/003.md index a42f2c625a..61806b1fad 100644 --- a/psa/130/003.md +++ b/psa/130/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The speaker uses this question to express the futility of thinking that anyone c # who could stand "Stand" often represents escaping or surviving when someone attacks. In this case, it would be to escape from being being punished. Alternate translation: "no one could escape from your punishment" or "no one could survive your punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/130/004.md b/psa/130/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/130/004.md +++ b/psa/130/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/130/005.md b/psa/130/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/130/005.md +++ b/psa/130/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/130/006.md b/psa/130/006.md index 80d5759f8e..4d3c07ef58 100644 --- a/psa/130/006.md +++ b/psa/130/006.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of his desire for the Lord to help him as being greater than # watchmen These are men who guard towns or fields against enemies or robbers. Here it refers to men who have to stay awake at night doing this. - diff --git a/psa/130/007.md b/psa/130/007.md index 0d1d16625e..d6509f2a35 100644 --- a/psa/130/007.md +++ b/psa/130/007.md @@ -2,6 +2,6 @@ The people of Israel are spoken of as if they were a man. Alternate translation: "You people of Israel, hope in Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -# with him is great redemption +# with him is great redemption -The abstract noun "redemption" here refers to forgiveness, and it can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "he is very willing to redeem" or "he is very willing to forgive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) \ No newline at end of file +The abstract noun "redemption" here refers to forgiveness, and it can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "he is very willing to redeem" or "he is very willing to forgive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) diff --git a/psa/130/008.md b/psa/130/008.md index 3f0db5cdb1..43113ae799 100644 --- a/psa/130/008.md +++ b/psa/130/008.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # who will redeem Israel from all his iniquities -The people of Israel are spoken of as if they were a man. Alternate translation: "who will redeem the people of Israel from all their iniquities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +The people of Israel are spoken of as if they were a man. Alternate translation: "who will redeem the people of Israel from all their iniquities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/psa/130/intro.md b/psa/130/intro.md index 0d16fcda0a..02b5f19232 100644 --- a/psa/130/intro.md +++ b/psa/130/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 130 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 130 is a psalm of praise that God forgives sins. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Forgive +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Forgive + God forgives sin and helps the sinner. So Israel should trust in God for his forgiveness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ God forgives sin and helps the sinner. So Israel should trust in God for his for * __[Psalms 130:1](../../psa/130/001.md)__ __[<<](../129/intro.md) | [>>](../131/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/131/001.md b/psa/131/001.md index 8c462191ff..dab7a40c9a 100644 --- a/psa/131/001.md +++ b/psa/131/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings are "I do not expect to do great things" or "I do not think I # things that are beyond me Things that are too hard for a person to understand are spoken of as if they are beyond the person or too far away from the person to be able to reach them. Alternate translation: "things that are too hard to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/131/002.md b/psa/131/002.md index 528ce8f307..db18965cac 100644 --- a/psa/131/002.md +++ b/psa/131/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The soul represents the person or his emotions. Alternate translation: "I" (See: # a weaned child with his mother The psalmist speaks of himself being content and resting as if he were a young child that no longer demands breast milk from his mother. Alternate translation: "content like a young child that no longer cries for breast milk but rests in his mother's arms" or "content and resting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/131/003.md b/psa/131/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/131/003.md +++ b/psa/131/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/131/intro.md b/psa/131/intro.md index 8e180201a2..a6b73c3614 100644 --- a/psa/131/intro.md +++ b/psa/131/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 131 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 131 is a wisdom psalm teaching trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -#### Trust This psalm focuses on the concept of trust. A quiet trust in Yahweh is best. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ This psalm focuses on the concept of trust. A quiet trust in Yahweh is best. * __[Psalms 131:1](../../psa/131/001.md)__ __[<<](../130/intro.md) | [>>](../132/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/132/001.md b/psa/132/001.md index 2dcfcb73ad..39dae5441f 100644 --- a/psa/132/001.md +++ b/psa/132/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # call to mind "remember" or "think about" - diff --git a/psa/132/002.md b/psa/132/002.md index 6794289991..f195cb5eaa 100644 --- a/psa/132/002.md +++ b/psa/132/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Mighty One of Jacob This refers to God. - diff --git a/psa/132/003.md b/psa/132/003.md index 10e56b1365..8557570ec0 100644 --- a/psa/132/003.md +++ b/psa/132/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the tent of my house or ... the couch of my bed, Possible meanings are 1) these are two ways of saying the same thing. Alternate translation: "my tent—that is, my house—or ... my couch—that is, my bed—" or "my house or ... my bed." Or 2) These are metonyms for the comfort that David enjoyed in his house and bed. Alternate translation: "the comfort of my own house or ... my comfortable bed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/004.md b/psa/132/004.md index bc40298699..e87eb12a2c 100644 --- a/psa/132/004.md +++ b/psa/132/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will not give sleep to my eyes or rest to my eyelids Sleep and rest are spoken of as if they are things that can be given. Here eyes and eyelids represent the whole person. Alternate translation: "I will not allow my eyes to sleep or my eyelids to rest" or "I will not sleep or close my eyes and rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/005.md b/psa/132/005.md index 48df6cc754..5e4cba2978 100644 --- a/psa/132/005.md +++ b/psa/132/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Building a place for Yahweh is spoken of as finding a place for him. Alternate t # the Mighty One of Jacob This refers to God. - diff --git a/psa/132/006.md b/psa/132/006.md index c9161a2f43..1439cceec9 100644 --- a/psa/132/006.md +++ b/psa/132/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "it" probably refers to where God's sacred chest was. The phrase "in Ep # fields of Jaar Jaar is probably another name for the city of Kiriath Jearim. This probably refers to the fields surrounding the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/007.md b/psa/132/007.md index 593b45d0aa..5d8e3704b3 100644 --- a/psa/132/007.md +++ b/psa/132/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we will worship at his footstool Worshiping God at the covenant box is spoken of as bowing at the feet of the king who is sitting on his throne. This communicates humility and submission to God. Alternate translation: "we will go to God's covenant box and worship him as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/008.md b/psa/132/008.md index dd5b87f7e4..13608e4748 100644 --- a/psa/132/008.md +++ b/psa/132/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "come to the ark of your strength" or 2) "come, and mak # the ark of your strength "the ark that shows your great power" - diff --git a/psa/132/009.md b/psa/132/009.md index c5eec45bf4..b785c00d38 100644 --- a/psa/132/009.md +++ b/psa/132/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May your priests be clothed with integrity Integrity is spoken of as if it were clothing. Alternate translation: "May people recognize that your priests have integrity" or "I want people see how your priests always do what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/010.md b/psa/132/010.md index 78522abe86..8b846939dc 100644 --- a/psa/132/010.md +++ b/psa/132/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do not turn away from your anointed king Here "turning away" means to reject someone. Alternate translation: "do not abandon the king that you anointed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/011.md b/psa/132/011.md index cbfa906344..88207e9403 100644 --- a/psa/132/011.md +++ b/psa/132/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will place one of your descendants on your throne Making a king's descendant become king in his place is spoken of as placing him on that king's throne. Alternate translation: "I will cause one of your descendants to rule Israel in your place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/012.md b/psa/132/012.md index 927a737bb9..3c67a6bde5 100644 --- a/psa/132/012.md +++ b/psa/132/012.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ruling as king is spoken of as sitting on the throne. Alternate translation: "ru # your sons Here "your sons" represents the descendants of David that would become king. Alternate translation: "your descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/013.md b/psa/132/013.md index d1252008a3..cc711b36b8 100644 --- a/psa/132/013.md +++ b/psa/132/013.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The author writes as though the city of Zion were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # he has desired her for his seat "Yahweh has desired Zion for Yahweh's seat." Here "seat" represents either 1) his throne where he would rule, or 2) the place where he would stay. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/014.md b/psa/132/014.md index 08dd93b8be..598d1d0813 100644 --- a/psa/132/014.md +++ b/psa/132/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The author writes as though the city of Zion ([Psalms 132:13](../132/013.md)) we # my resting place The place God chose for people to worship him is spoken of as if it were a place where he rests or lives eternally. Alternate translation: "the place where I stay" or "my tabernacle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/015.md b/psa/132/015.md index 1aec09ad5a..0574ef98ea 100644 --- a/psa/132/015.md +++ b/psa/132/015.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God continues to speak about the city of Zion as if Zion was a woman. (See: [[rc # will satisfy her poor with bread Here "poor" refers to the poor people in Zion and "bread" probably represents food in general. Alternate translation: "will satisfy the poor people in Zion with food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/016.md b/psa/132/016.md index 6f275c680e..7a3c9bdac0 100644 --- a/psa/132/016.md +++ b/psa/132/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will clothe her priests with salvation Salvation is spoken of as if it is clothing. Possible meanings are 1) "I will cause the priests to behave in a manner worthy of ones whom I have saved" or 2) "I will save her priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/017.md b/psa/132/017.md index b405c14b45..833d1cb5c1 100644 --- a/psa/132/017.md +++ b/psa/132/017.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God speaks of causing David's descendants to continue to rule as king as if they # my anointed one "my chosen king" or "the king I have chosen" - diff --git a/psa/132/018.md b/psa/132/018.md index 2133a58734..915057aa83 100644 --- a/psa/132/018.md +++ b/psa/132/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Shame is spoken of as if it was clothing. This shame would result from losing in # his crown will shine The crown represents his rule, and greatness is spoken of as shining. Alternate translation: "he will be a great king" or "his greatness will shine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/132/intro.md b/psa/132/intro.md index 192280680d..2772b50be2 100644 --- a/psa/132/intro.md +++ b/psa/132/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 132 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 132 is a royal psalm praising David. It might have been sung when David brought the ark to Jerusalem. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Ark -#### Ark The Ark had been moved from one place to another several times. David wanted to make a permanent home for it. God had promised David that his son would be king after him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) - ## Links: * __[Psalms 132:1](../../psa/132/001.md)__ __[<<](../131/intro.md) | [>>](../133/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/133/001.md b/psa/133/001.md index 5b80f26025..a5539c5767 100644 --- a/psa/133/001.md +++ b/psa/133/001.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This word is used to stress the importance of the statement that follows. # for brothers to live together The relationships among fellow God's people is spoken of as if they were brothers. Alternate translation: "for God's people to live together peacefully as brothers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/133/002.md b/psa/133/002.md index a7313bef0c..89fe409cc0 100644 --- a/psa/133/002.md +++ b/psa/133/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # It is like fine oil on the head The goodness of unity among God's people is spoken of as if it were like the fine oil that was poured on Aaron's head. Alternate translation: "This unity is precious like the oil that was poured on Aaron's head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/133/003.md b/psa/133/003.md index 74f08249cb..e88051d56c 100644 --- a/psa/133/003.md +++ b/psa/133/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The goodness of unity among God's people is spoken of as it if it were refreshin # Hermon This is a mountain in Israel that has snow on its peak year-round. - diff --git a/psa/133/intro.md b/psa/133/intro.md index 2fc9929600..7e94160b3b 100644 --- a/psa/133/intro.md +++ b/psa/133/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 133 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 133 is a wisdom psalm about harmony. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Harmony -#### Harmony Harmony between relatives is refreshing and brings a blessings from God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Harmony between relatives is refreshing and brings a blessings from God. (See: [ * __[Psalms 133:1](../../psa/133/001.md)__ __[<<](../132/intro.md) | [>>](../134/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/134/001.md b/psa/134/001.md index 292c79cbd3..7daa5ca9ab 100644 --- a/psa/134/001.md +++ b/psa/134/001.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A song of ascents This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) + # all you servants of Yahweh "all you who serve Yahweh" - diff --git a/psa/134/002.md b/psa/134/002.md index 4a2407b49d..7ee7844eee 100644 --- a/psa/134/002.md +++ b/psa/134/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is how people prayed or praised God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-s # to the holy place Possible meanings are 1) "to the temple" or 2) "to the holy place in the temple." - diff --git a/psa/134/003.md b/psa/134/003.md index 696d126b32..13a17d4704 100644 --- a/psa/134/003.md +++ b/psa/134/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # heaven and earth The phrase "heaven and earth" here represents all things. Alternate translation: "everything in heaven and earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/134/intro.md b/psa/134/intro.md index fd0a2029e9..3c2177dfef 100644 --- a/psa/134/intro.md +++ b/psa/134/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 134 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 134 is a temple psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Watchmen -#### Watchmen The watchmen who work at night should praise God. Then he will bless them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The watchmen who work at night should praise God. Then he will bless them. (See: * __[Psalms 134:1](../../psa/134/001.md)__ __[<<](../133/intro.md) | [>>](../135/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/135/001.md b/psa/135/001.md index dc7c14d76c..c6f2a7feae 100644 --- a/psa/135/001.md +++ b/psa/135/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # Praise the name of Yahweh Yahweh's name represents him. "Praise Yahweh" or "Praise him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/135/002.md b/psa/135/002.md index bb2a664f2d..f869b5bda6 100644 --- a/psa/135/002.md +++ b/psa/135/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents serving Yahweh in his temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-me # our God These words refer to Yahweh ([Psalms 135:1](../135/001.md)). - diff --git a/psa/135/003.md b/psa/135/003.md index 5a4157de46..262737e092 100644 --- a/psa/135/003.md +++ b/psa/135/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for it is pleasant to do so "because we get pleasure from praising his name" - diff --git a/psa/135/004.md b/psa/135/004.md index c7a361bb20..4632fe9c9d 100644 --- a/psa/135/004.md +++ b/psa/135/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Israel as his own possession The beginning of the sentence can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "he has chosen Israel to be his own possession" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/135/005.md b/psa/135/005.md index 0ba62558da..54421997b6 100644 --- a/psa/135/005.md +++ b/psa/135/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that our Lord is above all gods "I know that our Lord is above all gods." Being greater than something is spoken of as being above it. Alternate translation: "that our Lord is greater than all gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/135/006.md b/psa/135/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/135/006.md +++ b/psa/135/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/135/007.md b/psa/135/007.md index 1b6ebcf34d..08e4cbb8b4 100644 --- a/psa/135/007.md +++ b/psa/135/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bringing the wind out of his storehouse A storehouse is a place where things are kept for future use. This imagery shows God's power to control the wind. Alternate translation: "causing the wind to blow by his power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/135/008.md b/psa/135/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/135/008.md +++ b/psa/135/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/135/009.md b/psa/135/009.md index e3ad420987..05886c2ceb 100644 --- a/psa/135/009.md +++ b/psa/135/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as if the people of Egypt were listening to him. Alternate t # against Pharaoh "to punish Pharaoh" - diff --git a/psa/135/010.md b/psa/135/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/135/010.md +++ b/psa/135/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/135/011.md b/psa/135/011.md index fccc655dbb..5aa3500bd9 100644 --- a/psa/135/011.md +++ b/psa/135/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sihon ... Og These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/135/012.md b/psa/135/012.md index 9c7916d6be..d396502f52 100644 --- a/psa/135/012.md +++ b/psa/135/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He gave us their land as an inheritance God's gift of the land to the Israelites is spoken of as if it were inheritance from father to son. Alternate translation: "He gave us their land to have forever" or "He gave us their land to be ours forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/135/013.md b/psa/135/013.md index bba7a3c6c6..2054da3c75 100644 --- a/psa/135/013.md +++ b/psa/135/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your name His name here represents his fame or reputation. Alternate translation: "Your fame" or "Your reputation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/135/014.md b/psa/135/014.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/135/014.md +++ b/psa/135/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/135/015.md b/psa/135/015.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/135/015.md +++ b/psa/135/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/135/016.md b/psa/135/016.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/135/016.md +++ b/psa/135/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/135/017.md b/psa/135/017.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/135/017.md +++ b/psa/135/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/135/018.md b/psa/135/018.md index b7670478df..6459179328 100644 --- a/psa/135/018.md +++ b/psa/135/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Being ignorant and powerless is spoken of as being like idols, which cannot spea # as is everyone who trusts in them "and so are those who trust in the idols" - diff --git a/psa/135/019.md b/psa/135/019.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/135/019.md +++ b/psa/135/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/135/020.md b/psa/135/020.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/135/020.md +++ b/psa/135/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/135/021.md b/psa/135/021.md index 3136cd0051..454974905d 100644 --- a/psa/135/021.md +++ b/psa/135/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he who lives in Jerusalem God is spoken of as if he lived in Jerusalem because the temple where the Israelites worshiped him was there. Alternate translation: "he whose temple is in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/135/intro.md b/psa/135/intro.md index 2bc35201b9..67991958d6 100644 --- a/psa/135/intro.md +++ b/psa/135/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 135 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 135 is a worship psalm focusing on worshiping God because his greatness. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Praise +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise + The people, priests and their helpers should praise God because he is so great. He defeated the Egyptians and led his people to the promise land. Idols have no power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ The people, priests and their helpers should praise God because he is so great. * __[Psalms 135:1](../../psa/135/001.md)__ __[<<](../134/intro.md) | [>>](../136/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/136/001.md b/psa/136/001.md index a00a36e0cf..f78d4fad9f 100644 --- a/psa/136/001.md +++ b/psa/136/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # His covenant faithfulness endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "He remains faithful to his covenant forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/136/002.md b/psa/136/002.md index ace634b236..4be896f9d4 100644 --- a/psa/136/002.md +++ b/psa/136/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the God of gods the God who is greater than the gods that other people worship (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/136/003.md b/psa/136/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/003.md +++ b/psa/136/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/004.md b/psa/136/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/004.md +++ b/psa/136/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/005.md b/psa/136/005.md index 29555a8333..d3d017bfaa 100644 --- a/psa/136/005.md +++ b/psa/136/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # by wisdom That is, because he is wise. - diff --git a/psa/136/006.md b/psa/136/006.md index b081b1735d..400974223b 100644 --- a/psa/136/006.md +++ b/psa/136/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spread out the earth above the waters The ancient Israelites thought that the earth's dry land was on top of the sea. Alternate translation: "placed the earth over the waters" - diff --git a/psa/136/007.md b/psa/136/007.md index 50272f403f..d279857687 100644 --- a/psa/136/007.md +++ b/psa/136/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # great lights This is a reference to the sources of light for the earth, especially the sun and the moon. Alternate translation: "the sun and the moon and the stars" - diff --git a/psa/136/008.md b/psa/136/008.md index 020bd479e6..379e402a2a 100644 --- a/psa/136/008.md +++ b/psa/136/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sun is spoken of as if it were a king. Alternate translation: "to mark the t # His covenant faithfulness endures forever The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. See how you translated this in [Psalms 136:1](../136/001.md). Alternate translation: "He remains faithful to his covenant forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/136/009.md b/psa/136/009.md index 7a6a0cdc22..e26a24c7e5 100644 --- a/psa/136/009.md +++ b/psa/136/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to rule by night The moon, and stars are spoken of as if they were kings. Alternate translation: "to mark the time of night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/136/010.md b/psa/136/010.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/010.md +++ b/psa/136/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/011.md b/psa/136/011.md index 060a05f344..fea44dcd83 100644 --- a/psa/136/011.md +++ b/psa/136/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # from among them "from among the people of Egypt" - diff --git a/psa/136/012.md b/psa/136/012.md index 97ccb2500d..1b674e55c8 100644 --- a/psa/136/012.md +++ b/psa/136/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with a strong hand and a raised arm Here "hand" and "arm" represent power. Alternate translation: "with great power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/136/013.md b/psa/136/013.md index c564dcf916..dd3ee60fde 100644 --- a/psa/136/013.md +++ b/psa/136/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Sea of Reeds The soldiers of Pharaoh drowned in the Sea of Reeds. - diff --git a/psa/136/014.md b/psa/136/014.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/014.md +++ b/psa/136/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/015.md b/psa/136/015.md index ac1bbdaee9..a133fa5d75 100644 --- a/psa/136/015.md +++ b/psa/136/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # overthrew Pharaoh Here defeat is spoken of as if it were tipping someone over. Alternate translation: "defeated Pharaoh" or "defeated the king of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/136/016.md b/psa/136/016.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/016.md +++ b/psa/136/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/017.md b/psa/136/017.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/017.md +++ b/psa/136/017.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/018.md b/psa/136/018.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/018.md +++ b/psa/136/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/019.md b/psa/136/019.md index 0bda717c1e..df0ae23b61 100644 --- a/psa/136/019.md +++ b/psa/136/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Sihon a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/136/020.md b/psa/136/020.md index 1865223fa5..92ea58e924 100644 --- a/psa/136/020.md +++ b/psa/136/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Og a man's name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/psa/136/021.md b/psa/136/021.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/021.md +++ b/psa/136/021.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/022.md b/psa/136/022.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/022.md +++ b/psa/136/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/023.md b/psa/136/023.md index 2a6a73360d..832069028e 100644 --- a/psa/136/023.md +++ b/psa/136/023.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # helped us in our humiliation The condition of feeling shame is spoken of as if it were a place that the Israelites had been in. This is a reference to the many times when the Israelites' enemies had defeated them in battle and shamed them. Alternate translation: "cared when we were shamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/136/024.md b/psa/136/024.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/024.md +++ b/psa/136/024.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/025.md b/psa/136/025.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/136/025.md +++ b/psa/136/025.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/136/026.md b/psa/136/026.md index de2702b359..18ff91666f 100644 --- a/psa/136/026.md +++ b/psa/136/026.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the God of heaven "the God who lives in heaven" or "the God whom the heavenly beings worship" - diff --git a/psa/136/intro.md b/psa/136/intro.md index 7039d557bd..272d90064d 100644 --- a/psa/136/intro.md +++ b/psa/136/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 136 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 136 is a worship psalm. It was written to be sung by two parts of the choir. One part would sing the first part of each of the lines and then the other part of the choir would sing the repeated refrain. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Israel blessed -#### Israel blessed God has blessed Israel throughout its history and taken care of the needy people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God has blessed Israel throughout its history and taken care of the needy people * __[Psalms 136:1](../../psa/136/001.md)__ __[<<](../135/intro.md) | [>>](../137/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/137/001.md b/psa/137/001.md index 07c659df7c..6e064d252d 100644 --- a/psa/137/001.md +++ b/psa/137/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # we sat ... wept ... we thought The writer does not include the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/psa/137/002.md b/psa/137/002.md index 79201e0d4b..80e279b9ec 100644 --- a/psa/137/002.md +++ b/psa/137/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer does not include the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusi # There on the poplars Poplar trees do not grow in Israel. "Poplars" may here stand for all the trees in Babylon. Alternate translation: "On the trees in Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/137/003.md b/psa/137/003.md index 81c5891296..655b002b3b 100644 --- a/psa/137/003.md +++ b/psa/137/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # one of the songs of Zion This probably refers to songs that the Israelites had used in worship at the temple in Jerusalem. - diff --git a/psa/137/004.md b/psa/137/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/137/004.md +++ b/psa/137/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/137/005.md b/psa/137/005.md index 2718e69ca1..a45f6bc50f 100644 --- a/psa/137/005.md +++ b/psa/137/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks as if Jerusalem is listening to him. Alternate translation: "I # right hand the hand most people use most often - diff --git a/psa/137/006.md b/psa/137/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/137/006.md +++ b/psa/137/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/137/007.md b/psa/137/007.md index 940cfdad4d..ea7ef2d131 100644 --- a/psa/137/007.md +++ b/psa/137/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here remembering what the Edomites did represents punishing them for what they d # the day Jerusalem fell Jerusalem being captured by an enemy army is spoken of as if it had fallen. Who captured Jerusalem can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "the day Jerusalem was captured" or "the day the Babylonian army entered Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/137/008.md b/psa/137/008.md index 39ff20c5b1..a05a3f1129 100644 --- a/psa/137/008.md +++ b/psa/137/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may God bless the per # pays you back for what you have done to us The writer speaks of someone doing to others what they have done as if were payment. Alternate translation: "does to you what you did to us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/137/009.md b/psa/137/009.md index b78eb10ba1..d2bac3f3de 100644 --- a/psa/137/009.md +++ b/psa/137/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # dashes your little ones against a rock "smashes your babies' heads against rocks" - diff --git a/psa/137/intro.md b/psa/137/intro.md index 44f2943eb7..f8b62b1595 100644 --- a/psa/137/intro.md +++ b/psa/137/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Psalm 137 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 137 is a psalm of mourning and vengeance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Songs of Zion -The captives are told to sing songs of Zion there in Babylon but they felt too unhappy to want to sing. The army from Babylon was cruel when it destroyed Jerusalem and the people of Edom encouraged them to destroy Jerusalem. They prayed that God will be cruel to the people of Edom and Babylon. +### Songs of Zion + +The captives are told to sing songs of Zion there in Babylon but they felt too unhappy to want to sing. The army from Babylon was cruel when it destroyed Jerusalem and the people of Edom encouraged them to destroy Jerusalem. They prayed that God will be cruel to the people of Edom and Babylon. ## Links: * __[Psalms 137:1](../../psa/137/001.md)__ __[<<](../136/intro.md) | [>>](../138/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/138/001.md b/psa/138/001.md index 9dd062c2f4..d4fc301704 100644 --- a/psa/138/001.md +++ b/psa/138/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # I will give you thanks with my whole heart @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The heart here represents the emotions. Doing something sincerely or completely # before the gods Possible meanings are 1) "in spite of the false idols that exist" or 2) "before the heavenly assembly," which means "in the knowledge of the angels in heaven." - diff --git a/psa/138/002.md b/psa/138/002.md index e27bced31f..a1b44b84f5 100644 --- a/psa/138/002.md +++ b/psa/138/002.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. The abstra # your name Possible meanings are 1) "yourself" or 2) "your fame." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/138/003.md b/psa/138/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/138/003.md +++ b/psa/138/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/138/004.md b/psa/138/004.md index 77a8471287..24d0b06229 100644 --- a/psa/138/004.md +++ b/psa/138/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your mouth This expression stands for God himself. Alternate translation: "you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/138/005.md b/psa/138/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/138/005.md +++ b/psa/138/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/138/006.md b/psa/138/006.md index 43f3149498..f1b2dea982 100644 --- a/psa/138/006.md +++ b/psa/138/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh is above all creation in power, position, and authority. Yet his interest # the proud he knows from far off This expression probably means that God is not faithful to those who are proud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/138/007.md b/psa/138/007.md index fb3b40c771..8530b5cfc1 100644 --- a/psa/138/007.md +++ b/psa/138/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God is spoken of as if he will strike the enemies with his hand. (See: [[rc://en # anger of my enemies The abstract noun "anger" can be stated as "angry." Alternate translation: "my enemies, who are angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/138/008.md b/psa/138/008.md index 73bc906d81..fb1b6332cd 100644 --- a/psa/138/008.md +++ b/psa/138/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate # the works of your hands This expression probably refers to the people of Israel. God is spoken of as if he had physically used hands to create them. Alternate translation: "the people you have created" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/138/intro.md b/psa/138/intro.md index e01db2cea2..fdff261423 100644 --- a/psa/138/intro.md +++ b/psa/138/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 138 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm is a psalm of praise. -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Answered prayers +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Answered prayers + God answers prayers and he protects the psalmist from his enemies. ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ God answers prayers and he protects the psalmist from his enemies. * __[Psalms 138:1](../../psa/138/001.md)__ __[<<](../137/intro.md) | [>>](../139/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/139/001.md b/psa/139/001.md index 63b3b26852..43a3784f03 100644 --- a/psa/139/001.md +++ b/psa/139/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # have examined "have tested" - diff --git a/psa/139/002.md b/psa/139/002.md index d7be3a4558..bdff5f93eb 100644 --- a/psa/139/002.md +++ b/psa/139/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when I sit down and when I get up The psalmist uses these two actions to represent everything he does. Alternate translation: "everything I do" or "everything about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/003.md b/psa/139/003.md index 9bbdc7cb85..d649bf5a07 100644 --- a/psa/139/003.md +++ b/psa/139/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my path and my lying down Here "path" stands for one's behavior. "My path and my lying down" together represent everything about the psalmist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/004.md b/psa/139/004.md index 55aed6856f..f294c1d6e5 100644 --- a/psa/139/004.md +++ b/psa/139/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # before there is a word on my tongue Here "word on the tongue" represents speech. Alternate translation: "before I say anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/005.md b/psa/139/005.md index d07498e819..f7df9fa753 100644 --- a/psa/139/005.md +++ b/psa/139/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This expression refers to God's presence everywhere. # place your hand upon me This expression refers to guidance and help. Alternate translation: "you guide and help me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/006.md b/psa/139/006.md index aeaf9ae6c5..60a3712687 100644 --- a/psa/139/006.md +++ b/psa/139/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it is too high, and I cannot reach it Being high and out of reach is an expression, in this case, about some knowledge that human beings cannot have. Alternate translation: "it is too difficult to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/007.md b/psa/139/007.md index df78bd7833..757b5b3ca9 100644 --- a/psa/139/007.md +++ b/psa/139/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Where can I go from your Spirit? ... Where can I flee from your presence? These two questions are in parallel. The psalmist says that he cannot go away from God's presence. Alternate translation: "I cannot escape from your Spirit." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/008.md b/psa/139/008.md index a769ba0b4c..813f8451f3 100644 --- a/psa/139/008.md +++ b/psa/139/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # if I make my bed in Sheol "Making one's bed" refers to staying somewhere. Alternate translation: "even if I stay in Sheol" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/009.md b/psa/139/009.md index f2c94ec7a9..e4ac4e7fa0 100644 --- a/psa/139/009.md +++ b/psa/139/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In the ancient near east, the sun was often imagined as if it had wings which en # in the uttermost parts across the sea "very far away to the west" - diff --git a/psa/139/010.md b/psa/139/010.md index bed396ce90..f8c26dbc51 100644 --- a/psa/139/010.md +++ b/psa/139/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will hold on to me "will help me" - diff --git a/psa/139/011.md b/psa/139/011.md index b969548a1e..4797ca04df 100644 --- a/psa/139/011.md +++ b/psa/139/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If I said, "Surely the darkness will cover me The psalmist speaks of the night as if it were a blanket that could conceal him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/012.md b/psa/139/012.md index b87c4ad57e..4af90e8939 100644 --- a/psa/139/012.md +++ b/psa/139/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The night would shine like the day The night, which is dark, is spoken of as if it were bright with light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/013.md b/psa/139/013.md index f8ffd7894c..48ee2ffdee 100644 --- a/psa/139/013.md +++ b/psa/139/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You formed my inner parts "Inner parts" refers to the interior organs of a person, but here the expression probably stands for the entire body. Alternate translation: "You made my entire body (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/014.md b/psa/139/014.md index a1a789293d..523c8800fd 100644 --- a/psa/139/014.md +++ b/psa/139/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # My soul knows this very well Here "soul" probably refers to the psalmist's innermost ability to be certain about God's love and guidance. The translator may, however, treat "soul" here as metonymy for the psalmist's mind and heart. Alternate translation: "I know this with all my heart" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/015.md b/psa/139/015.md index 280bb9a29c..2eb89e0d5d 100644 --- a/psa/139/015.md +++ b/psa/139/015.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the depths of the earth This is probably a way of speaking about a mother's womb (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/016.md b/psa/139/016.md index 1c6c276b62..972b8175b7 100644 --- a/psa/139/016.md +++ b/psa/139/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the days assigned to me were recorded in your book even before the first one happened This expression implies that ancient Israelites imagined that God wrote down his plans in a book. - diff --git a/psa/139/017.md b/psa/139/017.md index 8124a6afeb..cea1620149 100644 --- a/psa/139/017.md +++ b/psa/139/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # How vast is their sum! "Your thoughts are so many." - diff --git a/psa/139/018.md b/psa/139/018.md index d921f0e927..932b0d658e 100644 --- a/psa/139/018.md +++ b/psa/139/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they would be more in number than the sand This hyperbole means that the writer would be unable to count God's thoughts. Alternate translation: "there would be more than I could count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/019.md b/psa/139/019.md index a7b750684f..b16f2ed9a8 100644 --- a/psa/139/019.md +++ b/psa/139/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # get away from me, you men of bloodshed The psalmist is only pretending to speak directly to the violent men whom he has in mind. Translators may decide to express this command as a wish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/020.md b/psa/139/020.md index 0bd6c23585..9cab944d25 100644 --- a/psa/139/020.md +++ b/psa/139/020.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your enemies tell lies "your enemies lie about you" - diff --git a/psa/139/021.md b/psa/139/021.md index 74495b1942..5288f9200e 100644 --- a/psa/139/021.md +++ b/psa/139/021.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two sentences have similar meanings. The second one strengthens the though # rise up against rebel against - diff --git a/psa/139/022.md b/psa/139/022.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/139/022.md +++ b/psa/139/022.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/139/023.md b/psa/139/023.md index afa14fed30..cd1d3c9eaa 100644 --- a/psa/139/023.md +++ b/psa/139/023.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a request for God to tell the psalmist about any sinful thoughts that he # Examine me, God, and know my heart; test me and know my thoughts These two sentences have similar meanings. The second one strengthens the thought in the first. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/024.md b/psa/139/024.md index d5cfc8c311..beede0f654 100644 --- a/psa/139/024.md +++ b/psa/139/024.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "way" stands for behavior. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # the everlasting way Here "way" refers to trust and obedience in God. Anyone who "walks" this way will have everlasting life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/139/intro.md b/psa/139/intro.md index c5ca7c6277..290780ae7d 100644 --- a/psa/139/intro.md +++ b/psa/139/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 139 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 139 is a psalm of praise. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### God's care -#### God's care God created the psalmist in his mother's womb and has taken care of him all of his life. No matter where he goes, God is always with him. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ God created the psalmist in his mother's womb and has taken care of him all of h * __[Psalms 139:1](../../psa/139/001.md)__ __[<<](../138/intro.md) | [>>](../140/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/140/001.md b/psa/140/001.md index 43a4812c26..944c9c8369 100644 --- a/psa/140/001.md +++ b/psa/140/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # For the chief musician This is for the director of music to use in worship." - diff --git a/psa/140/002.md b/psa/140/002.md index 4c33deecca..4a78c9c7ab 100644 --- a/psa/140/002.md +++ b/psa/140/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they cause battles Here "battles" probably refers to conflict of any kind, including quarrels. - diff --git a/psa/140/003.md b/psa/140/003.md index 2aef42a1b9..fe4dcfd17a 100644 --- a/psa/140/003.md +++ b/psa/140/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their tongues wound like serpents People who cause conflict by what they say are spoken of as if they had tongues of serpents. Of course, snakes do not do damage with their tongues, but with their bites and especially with poison. Neither can a person make his tongue sharp. Instead, here the idea of a sharp tongue stands for speaking in a way to cause trouble. And the idea the snakes have sharp tongues stands for the fact that many of them have poison. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/140/004.md b/psa/140/004.md index 6719590bbb..c747c05113 100644 --- a/psa/140/004.md +++ b/psa/140/004.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ That is, the power of the wicked (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # push down my steps -Possible meanings are 1) "cause my feet to trip so I fall over" or 2) "cause me to fall." \ No newline at end of file +Possible meanings are 1) "cause my feet to trip so I fall over" or 2) "cause me to fall." diff --git a/psa/140/005.md b/psa/140/005.md index 1a6dba9f3e..1642f0049f 100644 --- a/psa/140/005.md +++ b/psa/140/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # have set a trap ... have spread a net ... have set a snare The exact kinds of traps are less important than the idea that wicked and proud people are planning to make trouble for the psalmist. If your readers do not know much about different ways of trapping, you may need to reduce this to one line. Alternate translation: "have set a trap to catch me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/140/006.md b/psa/140/006.md index a37e8c4323..90b693b617 100644 --- a/psa/140/006.md +++ b/psa/140/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # give ear to the sound of my pleas This is a call for help. Alternate translation: "listen to me as I call to you now for help" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/140/007.md b/psa/140/007.md index 70c249b938..ad6de8eecf 100644 --- a/psa/140/007.md +++ b/psa/140/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A person's head is in great danger during battle. Protecting the person's head r # battle Here "battle" probably stands for any kind of severe trouble (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/140/008.md b/psa/140/008.md index 32cf904905..2b7906dd2c 100644 --- a/psa/140/008.md +++ b/psa/140/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the wicked The adjective "wicked" can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "wicked people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/140/009.md b/psa/140/009.md index e3c687ae21..190b939163 100644 --- a/psa/140/009.md +++ b/psa/140/009.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The trouble that they themselves caused by what they said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # cover them That is, stop them from causing any more trouble. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/140/010.md b/psa/140/010.md index 68db526a6a..d3d3f44f13 100644 --- a/psa/140/010.md +++ b/psa/140/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Images of fire stand for severe punishment for the wicked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ma # bottomless pits This is probably a reference to Sheol, the world of the dead. - diff --git a/psa/140/011.md b/psa/140/011.md index 2c53a98381..1a2a47f2e1 100644 --- a/psa/140/011.md +++ b/psa/140/011.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ those who speak evil of others without cause (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idi # may evil hunt down the violent man Here evil is spoken of as if it were someone taking revenge on another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/140/012.md b/psa/140/012.md index 6aae8e5d6a..4963fb864d 100644 --- a/psa/140/012.md +++ b/psa/140/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will give justice to the needy The abstract noun "justice" can be stated as "just." Alternate translation: "He will act in a just manner to help the needy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/140/013.md b/psa/140/013.md index 772e973670..3469d8619b 100644 --- a/psa/140/013.md +++ b/psa/140/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to your name This represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/140/intro.md b/psa/140/intro.md index e1b4b3bd60..59035354dc 100644 --- a/psa/140/intro.md +++ b/psa/140/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 140 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 140 is a deliverance psalm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's protection -#### Yahweh's protection He prayed that God would save him from his enemies who are lying about him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ He prayed that God would save him from his enemies who are lying about him. (See * __[Psalms 140:1](../../psa/140/001.md)__ __[<<](../139/intro.md) | [>>](../141/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/141/001.md b/psa/141/001.md index 7ce9a5a5a8..9ef6196a1b 100644 --- a/psa/141/001.md +++ b/psa/141/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # crying out @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as if Yahweh were a person who needed to come from another p # Give ear to my voice when I call "Please hear me when I call" or "I beg you to hear me when I call" - diff --git a/psa/141/002.md b/psa/141/002.md index e411af9958..31813bc3a0 100644 --- a/psa/141/002.md +++ b/psa/141/002.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The psalmist wants Yahweh to be pleased with him because he is praying and becau # be like the evening sacrifice The means to be like the animal that was burned on the altar in the evening. The psalmist speaks as if he wants Yahweh to be as pleased with him as he is with those who bring animals to sacrifice. He wants Yahweh to be pleased because the psalmist is praying or because of the words of his prayer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/141/003.md b/psa/141/003.md index 4e87f2001d..c7bbc63cb6 100644 --- a/psa/141/003.md +++ b/psa/141/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks as if evil words were prisoners trying to escape from his mo # guard the door of my lips The psalmist speaks as if evil words were prisoners trying to escape from his mouth. Alternate translation: "please help me not to say things when I should not" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/141/004.md b/psa/141/004.md index 0a08da7d24..95ba75bcc5 100644 --- a/psa/141/004.md +++ b/psa/141/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # their delicacies "their special foods" - diff --git a/psa/141/005.md b/psa/141/005.md index 6e879f69d8..554033d868 100644 --- a/psa/141/005.md +++ b/psa/141/005.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The head is a synecdoche for the person. The litotes can be translated as a posi # my prayer is always against their wicked deeds The words "wicked deeds" are a metonym for the people who do the wicked deeds. Alternate translation: "I always pray that Yahweh will stop wicked people from doing evil deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/141/006.md b/psa/141/006.md index 7ad7c3caa1..48b2b2fc14 100644 --- a/psa/141/006.md +++ b/psa/141/006.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ political leaders # cliffs ground that goes straight down a long way - diff --git a/psa/141/007.md b/psa/141/007.md index c5388bad9d..e1cfe09ff8 100644 --- a/psa/141/007.md +++ b/psa/141/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # our bones have been scattered Possible meanings are 1) "people have thrown our bones around in different directions" or 2) as a result of the fall from the cliffs (141:6) "our bodies are broken and our bones lie in disorder." - diff --git a/psa/141/008.md b/psa/141/008.md index 4b70dede37..3355f1bd92 100644 --- a/psa/141/008.md +++ b/psa/141/008.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The eyes are a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "I am loo # my soul The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Alternate translation: "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/141/009.md b/psa/141/009.md index 4652363352..15398db3da 100644 --- a/psa/141/009.md +++ b/psa/141/009.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bible experts disagree on the exact meanings of these words. It would be best ei # from the traps of those who behave wickedly The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "and protect me from the traps that those who do evil have set" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/141/010.md b/psa/141/010.md index e318820ac3..d0c8cc2282 100644 --- a/psa/141/010.md +++ b/psa/141/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Let the wicked fall into their own nets The psalmist speaks of evil people deceiving good people as if hunters were trapping animals. Alternate translation: "Let the wicked fall into the net traps they have made to trap other people" or "Let the bad things the wicked planned for the righteous happen to the wicked instead" - diff --git a/psa/141/intro.md b/psa/141/intro.md index 2f90507fcd..61e5116042 100644 --- a/psa/141/intro.md +++ b/psa/141/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 141 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 141 is a psalm of deliverance from his enemies and from sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's correction -#### Yahweh's correction The author prayed that God would keep him from sinning. He is glad to be corrected by good people. He asked God to show that he is right by destroying the evil leaders of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author prayed that God would keep him from sinning. He is glad to be correct * __[Psalms 141:1](../../psa/141/001.md)__ __[<<](../140/intro.md) | [>>](../142/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/142/001.md b/psa/142/001.md index 6e5be00543..8f9c88953b 100644 --- a/psa/142/001.md +++ b/psa/142/001.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ If these two lines are so much the same that the reader will get the wrong meani # with my voice "using my voice" - - diff --git a/psa/142/002.md b/psa/142/002.md index a5f9133bc1..475135b03b 100644 --- a/psa/142/002.md +++ b/psa/142/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of telling Yahweh why he is sad as if he were pouring all of # tell him my troubles "tell him about everything that makes me worry" - diff --git a/psa/142/003.md b/psa/142/003.md index ece7d39a87..92039a46d9 100644 --- a/psa/142/003.md +++ b/psa/142/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # In the way that I walk they have hidden a trap for me The psalmist speaks of people wanting to harm him as if they were trying to trap an animal. Alternate translation: "They are making plans so that whatever I do they can harm me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/142/004.md b/psa/142/004.md index 114e8c8c00..f2557b283d 100644 --- a/psa/142/004.md +++ b/psa/142/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my life This is a metonym for "me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/142/005.md b/psa/142/005.md index c00b37da0b..36c41f92a2 100644 --- a/psa/142/005.md +++ b/psa/142/005.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "all I want" or 2) "all I need" or 3) "all I have." # in the land of the living This idiom refers to a person being alive, as opposed to a person who is dead and in the place of the dead. Alternate translation: "while I am living" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/psa/142/006.md b/psa/142/006.md index 6b5fe1590f..60313dbce7 100644 --- a/psa/142/006.md +++ b/psa/142/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a call for help. See how you translated this in [Psalms 5:1](../005/001. # I have been brought very low Possible meanings are 1) "I am very needy" and 2) "I am very weak." See how "we are very low" is translated in [Psalms 78:8](../078/008.md). - diff --git a/psa/142/007.md b/psa/142/007.md index 7c8e1f213a..e1df3c77b3 100644 --- a/psa/142/007.md +++ b/psa/142/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a request. The "soul" represents the whole person. Alternate translation # give thanks to your name The word "name" is a metonym for the person. See how you translated this in [Psalms 5:11](../005/011.md). Alternate translation: "give thanks to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/142/intro.md b/psa/142/intro.md index 725b89c316..20d0cac761 100644 --- a/psa/142/intro.md +++ b/psa/142/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 142 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 142 is a psalm of deliverance from his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's help -#### Yahweh's help The psalmist is alone, and has many enemies surrounding him. Despite this, Yahweh will help him. Then, good people will join the author. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The psalmist is alone, and has many enemies surrounding him. Despite this, Yahwe * __[Psalms 142:1](../../psa/142/001.md)__ __[<<](../141/intro.md) | [>>](../143/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/143/001.md b/psa/143/001.md index 230fcafb0e..4cb0a054e4 100644 --- a/psa/143/001.md +++ b/psa/143/001.md @@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # Hear my prayer The words "my prayer" are a metonym for the person who is praying. See how these words are translated in [Psalms 39:12](../039/012.md). Alternate translation: "Listen to me as I pray to you" or "Be willing to do what I ask you to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/143/002.md b/psa/143/002.md index 0884bf9265..602eacbf9d 100644 --- a/psa/143/002.md +++ b/psa/143/002.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of himself as if he were speaking of another person. Alterna # in your sight no one is righteous Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "in your judgment no one is righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/143/003.md b/psa/143/003.md index 9725a11904..86c9b45539 100644 --- a/psa/143/003.md +++ b/psa/143/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "soul" represents the person. Alternate translation: "pursued me" # has crushed me to the ground Defeating an enemy is spoken of as a heavy object crushing a lighter object on the ground. Alternate translation: "has completely defeated me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/143/004.md b/psa/143/004.md index c213c9c812..5cbabfe299 100644 --- a/psa/143/004.md +++ b/psa/143/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # my heart is appalled "I no longer have any hope" - diff --git a/psa/143/005.md b/psa/143/005.md index 0a2758d94e..b106c9a356 100644 --- a/psa/143/005.md +++ b/psa/143/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your accomplishments "all that you have accomplished" or "all the great things you have done" - diff --git a/psa/143/006.md b/psa/143/006.md index dc47f030af..8bde851a6e 100644 --- a/psa/143/006.md +++ b/psa/143/006.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The soul is a metonym for the person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche # parched land A land where everything has died because there is no water. - diff --git a/psa/143/007.md b/psa/143/007.md index 01db99ef8c..6f2444896c 100644 --- a/psa/143/007.md +++ b/psa/143/007.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of Yahweh refusing to do what the psalmist asks as if Yahweh # I will become like those who go down into the pit Here the word "pit" refers to the place of the dead. This phrase is a euphemism for death. Alternate translation: "I will become just another dead person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/psa/143/008.md b/psa/143/008.md index ce1f0a4861..7021189419 100644 --- a/psa/143/008.md +++ b/psa/143/008.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The psalmist speaks of the way people live as if it were a path on which they wa # for I lift up my soul to you Possible meanings are 1) "I pray to you" or 2) "I believe that you will guide and protect me." - diff --git a/psa/143/009.md b/psa/143/009.md index abf756b40c..20583a18d3 100644 --- a/psa/143/009.md +++ b/psa/143/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I flee to you to hide Possible meanings are 1) "I flee to you so I can hide" and 2) "I flee to you so you will hide and protect me." - diff --git a/psa/143/010.md b/psa/143/010.md index 541288e9c0..6b6ed6cd26 100644 --- a/psa/143/010.md +++ b/psa/143/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "help me to live righteously" or 2) "may my life be fre # the land of uprightness Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor for righteous living or 2) "a level land," a metaphor for life free of trouble. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/143/011.md b/psa/143/011.md index 061a85ef48..6fb34da313 100644 --- a/psa/143/011.md +++ b/psa/143/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for your name's sake Yahweh's name represents his reputation and character. Alternate translation: "because of who you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/143/012.md b/psa/143/012.md index 18a3f66708..f61ea3b110 100644 --- a/psa/143/012.md +++ b/psa/143/012.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the enemies of my life "the enemies of my soul." My "life" may be understood as representing the speaker. Alternate translation: "my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/143/intro.md b/psa/143/intro.md index b9fbe18795..9ad4ba69a2 100644 --- a/psa/143/intro.md +++ b/psa/143/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 143 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 143 is a deliverance psalm. The author prays for deliverance from his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's help -#### Yahweh's help The author prayed for help from Yahweh against his enemies because he is God's servant. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The author prayed for help from Yahweh against his enemies because he is God's s * __[Psalms 143:1](../../psa/143/001.md)__ __[<<](../142/intro.md) | [>>](../144/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/144/001.md b/psa/144/001.md index bfb26d9562..210d920a55 100644 --- a/psa/144/001.md +++ b/psa/144/001.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # A psalm of David -This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) +This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in [Introduction to Psalms](../front/intro.md).) # my rock @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the one who keeps me safe" or 2) "the one who gives me # who trains my hands for war and my fingers for battle The words "hands" and "fingers" are synecdoches for "me." If "war" and "battle" are the same word in your language, you can translate this as one line. Alternate translation: "who trains me for war and trains me for battle" or "who trains me for war" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/144/002.md b/psa/144/002.md index e25056e41b..ca1e9212de 100644 --- a/psa/144/002.md +++ b/psa/144/002.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate t # the one who subdues nations under me "the one who enables me to defeat other nations" - diff --git a/psa/144/003.md b/psa/144/003.md index fcf1830ec3..3b3c048d65 100644 --- a/psa/144/003.md +++ b/psa/144/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "Man is # man ... son of man two words for human beings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/144/004.md b/psa/144/004.md index 276239c3f3..0164a95265 100644 --- a/psa/144/004.md +++ b/psa/144/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like a breath ... like a passing shadow The writer compares humans to these thing to emphasize how short their lives are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/144/005.md b/psa/144/005.md index 1efda8f70f..149549a353 100644 --- a/psa/144/005.md +++ b/psa/144/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words should probably be translated as requests, not commands, since the p # Cause the sky to sink Possible meanings are 1) tear the sky open or 2) bend the heavens like a tree branch bends when someone walks on it or as one bends a bow before shooting arrows. - diff --git a/psa/144/006.md b/psa/144/006.md index da9f949e36..21d437c013 100644 --- a/psa/144/006.md +++ b/psa/144/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These should probably be translated as requests, not commands, since the psalmis # in confusion "so they do not know what to think or what to do" - diff --git a/psa/144/007.md b/psa/144/007.md index 73ef6aec1d..6b7eb4fba1 100644 --- a/psa/144/007.md +++ b/psa/144/007.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ David speaks as if God were on land above a flood and had physical hands with wh # from the hand of foreigners Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "from the power of foreigners" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/144/008.md b/psa/144/008.md index 397c3e1041..437985c91c 100644 --- a/psa/144/008.md +++ b/psa/144/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "mouths" represent the people who speak. Alternate translation: "T # their right hand is falsehood Possible meanings are 1) David speaks of the custom of raising the right hand to swear that what one is about to say in court is true, "they lie even when they swear to tell the truth," or 2) the "right hand" is a metaphor for power, "everything they have gotten, they have gotten by telling lies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/144/009.md b/psa/144/009.md index 5492e96f63..7b06791473 100644 --- a/psa/144/009.md +++ b/psa/144/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # new song Possible meanings are 1) "a song no one has ever sung before" or 2) "a song I have never sung before." - diff --git a/psa/144/010.md b/psa/144/010.md index b549c3d20c..d0f4fadb05 100644 --- a/psa/144/010.md +++ b/psa/144/010.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ David speaks of himself as if he were someone else. "me, David, your servant" # from an evil sword David speaks of evil people as if they were the swords they use as weapons. Alternate translation: "from evil people who were trying to kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/144/011.md b/psa/144/011.md index 7e8935234a..f08291bafd 100644 --- a/psa/144/011.md +++ b/psa/144/011.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people are represented by their "mouths." See how you translated these words # their right hand is falsehood Possible meanings are 1) David speaks of the custom of raising the right hand to swear that what one is about to say in court is true, "they lie even when they swear to tell the truth," or 2) the "right hand" is a metaphor for power, "everything they have gotten, they have gotten by telling lies."See how you translated these words [Psalms 144:8](./008.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/144/012.md b/psa/144/012.md index 4c46dc46ae..0ab47eab2f 100644 --- a/psa/144/012.md +++ b/psa/144/012.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the time when people develop # pillars, shapely like those of a palace "pillars that are carved to make a palace beautiful" - diff --git a/psa/144/013.md b/psa/144/013.md index cd9689efc6..5d08e07ace 100644 --- a/psa/144/013.md +++ b/psa/144/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # thousands and ten thousands in our fields "thousands—even tens of thousands!—and fill up our fields" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/psa/144/014.md b/psa/144/014.md index 2f33a57838..88a1957780 100644 --- a/psa/144/014.md +++ b/psa/144/014.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # no outcry Here the outcry is associated with a severe problem that causes the person to cry out. Alternate translation: "no one crying in pain" or "no one crying for help" or "no one calling out for justice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/144/015.md b/psa/144/015.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/144/015.md +++ b/psa/144/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/144/intro.md b/psa/144/intro.md index 5961413235..f9fdbcff4b 100644 --- a/psa/144/intro.md +++ b/psa/144/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 144 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 144 is a worship psalm. It is the first worship psalm in a series consisting of the final seven psalms (Psalms 144-150). -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Safety +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Safety + Psalm 144 is a prayer for safety and prosperity for the nation of Israel. ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ Psalm 144 is a prayer for safety and prosperity for the nation of Israel. * __[Psalms 144:1](../../psa/144/001.md)__ __[<<](../143/intro.md) | [>>](../145/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/145/001.md b/psa/145/001.md index 93efa21c81..5e6cc467b7 100644 --- a/psa/145/001.md +++ b/psa/145/001.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this # bless your name The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md). Alternate translation: "bless you" or "do what makes you happy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/145/002.md b/psa/145/002.md index b02b2795e0..6fa78c7aa4 100644 --- a/psa/145/002.md +++ b/psa/145/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # praise your name The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "praise you" or "tell people how great you are" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/145/003.md b/psa/145/003.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/145/003.md +++ b/psa/145/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/145/004.md b/psa/145/004.md index cb3b75bcae..c34a64883a 100644 --- a/psa/145/004.md +++ b/psa/145/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # your mighty actions "the things you can do because you are strong" - diff --git a/psa/145/005.md b/psa/145/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/145/005.md +++ b/psa/145/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/145/006.md b/psa/145/006.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/145/006.md +++ b/psa/145/006.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/145/007.md b/psa/145/007.md index f836f401b0..2de5a0fc08 100644 --- a/psa/145/007.md +++ b/psa/145/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # declare your abounding goodness "tell others how very good you are" - diff --git a/psa/145/008.md b/psa/145/008.md index 8a3bce2a07..2eba85a47b 100644 --- a/psa/145/008.md +++ b/psa/145/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # great in steadfast love The psalmist speaks of great in steadfast love as if it were a physical object of which one could possess a large amount. The abstract noun "love" can be translated with the verb "love." Alternate translation: "loving your people without ceasing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/145/009.md b/psa/145/009.md index a10c0f7908..789256cb2a 100644 --- a/psa/145/009.md +++ b/psa/145/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his tender mercies are over all his works "people can see him showing mercy in everything he does" - diff --git a/psa/145/010.md b/psa/145/010.md index f106d40efd..6ee169e262 100644 --- a/psa/145/010.md +++ b/psa/145/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # All your works will give thanks "All the people you have made will give thanks" or "It will be as if everything you have made will give you thanks" - diff --git a/psa/145/011.md b/psa/145/011.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/145/011.md +++ b/psa/145/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/145/012.md b/psa/145/012.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/145/012.md +++ b/psa/145/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/145/013.md b/psa/145/013.md index c5eb91a034..5c5019929d 100644 --- a/psa/145/013.md +++ b/psa/145/013.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # endures throughout all generations "remains forever" - diff --git a/psa/145/014.md b/psa/145/014.md index c53bb5e98c..0c7c414693 100644 --- a/psa/145/014.md +++ b/psa/145/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # supports all who are falling ... raises up all those who are bent over The psalmist speaks of Yahweh encouraging people as if he were helping people who were physically weak. You may need to translate both lines using only one line. Alternate translation: "encourages those who are discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/145/015.md b/psa/145/015.md index 34e15af877..3273dde131 100644 --- a/psa/145/015.md +++ b/psa/145/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The eyes of all wait Here the word "eyes" represents those who watch and wait for Yahweh to act. Alternate translation: "Everyone watches and waits" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/145/016.md b/psa/145/016.md index f0ddf0dae5..4e1939ebc6 100644 --- a/psa/145/016.md +++ b/psa/145/016.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # satisfy the desire of every living thing "you give everyone more than they need and as much as they want" - diff --git a/psa/145/017.md b/psa/145/017.md index 28aead9010..3a369592ea 100644 --- a/psa/145/017.md +++ b/psa/145/017.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # faithful in all his deeds "and he is gracious in all he does" or "people can see from everything that Yahweh does that he is gracious" - diff --git a/psa/145/018.md b/psa/145/018.md index 5cffc317de..91bb185086 100644 --- a/psa/145/018.md +++ b/psa/145/018.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "is near" means "ready to help." Alternate translation: "is always ready to # to all who call to him in trustworthiness The abstract noun "trustworthiness" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "to all who tell only the truth when they pray" or "to all whom he trusts when they pray" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/145/019.md b/psa/145/019.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/145/019.md +++ b/psa/145/019.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/145/020.md b/psa/145/020.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/145/020.md +++ b/psa/145/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/145/021.md b/psa/145/021.md index 2dea7c5340..6000c6b012 100644 --- a/psa/145/021.md +++ b/psa/145/021.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "My mouth" represent the one speaking. Alternate translation: "I # let all mankind bless his holy name The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md). Alternate translation: "let all people bless him" or "let all people do what makes him happy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/145/intro.md b/psa/145/intro.md index a19ede0885..a118c4674d 100644 --- a/psa/145/intro.md +++ b/psa/145/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 145 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 145 is a worship psalm. This is the second in a series of worship psalms consisting of the final seven psalms (Psalms 144-150). -### Special concepts in this chapter -#### Praise +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise + God is worthy of all praise. This is in part because he does such wonderful things for all who worship him. ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ God is worthy of all praise. This is in part because he does such wonderful thin * __[Psalms 145:1](../../psa/145/001.md)__ __[<<](../144/intro.md) | [>>](../146/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/146/001.md b/psa/146/001.md index 527719c8fd..516030c7d2 100644 --- a/psa/146/001.md +++ b/psa/146/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # Praise Yahweh, my soul Here "soul" represents the writer's inner being. The writer is commanding his inner being to praise Yahweh. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I will praise Yahweh with all my soul" or "I give praise to Yahweh with all my life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/146/002.md b/psa/146/002.md index 5705f2fc26..ae2e7db4ca 100644 --- a/psa/146/002.md +++ b/psa/146/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with all my life "until I die" or "while I live" - diff --git a/psa/146/003.md b/psa/146/003.md index a412782d53..7271e15bff 100644 --- a/psa/146/003.md +++ b/psa/146/003.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as "save." Alternate translation: "i # in mankind "in humankind" or "in people" - diff --git a/psa/146/004.md b/psa/146/004.md index 7e3f5c3650..9e6cc31cbe 100644 --- a/psa/146/004.md +++ b/psa/146/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a polite way to refer to someone dying. Alternate translation: "When a p # he returns to the ground This means that just as God made the first human, Adam, from the soil, so will a person's body decay and become soil again when he dies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/146/005.md b/psa/146/005.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/146/005.md +++ b/psa/146/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/146/006.md b/psa/146/006.md index 486abcb1da..818669264e 100644 --- a/psa/146/006.md +++ b/psa/146/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "heaven" and "earth" represent everything that exists in the physical # observes trustworthiness The abstract noun "trustworthiness" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "remains trustworthy" or "remains faithful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/146/007.md b/psa/146/007.md index 76b1fdc728..efc4407d24 100644 --- a/psa/146/007.md +++ b/psa/146/007.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "for # to the hungry This nominal adjective can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "to hungry people" or "to those who are hungry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/146/008.md b/psa/146/008.md index 4b89114e29..2c5019f5b4 100644 --- a/psa/146/008.md +++ b/psa/146/008.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh helping someone is spoken of as if he were physically helping someone to # who are bowed down This action is a sign of distress or mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/psa/146/009.md b/psa/146/009.md index 61861b1bf5..2cb1d93d06 100644 --- a/psa/146/009.md +++ b/psa/146/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ supports God helping someone is spoken of as if he were physically keeping them from falling to the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/146/010.md b/psa/146/010.md index a0cf6ddfdd..c2a9fe177b 100644 --- a/psa/146/010.md +++ b/psa/146/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "Zion" represents all the people of Israel. The writer is speaking to the p # for all generations The words "will reign" are understood. Alternate translation: "will reign for all generations" or "will reign forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/psa/146/intro.md b/psa/146/intro.md index c05a7131f1..14121b414f 100644 --- a/psa/146/intro.md +++ b/psa/146/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 146 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 146 is a worship psalm. It is the third in series of seven worship psalms. (Psalms 144-150) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Trust -#### Trust Trusting people for protection is useless because they die. But God blesses everyone who trusts in him. He provides everything people need. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Trusting people for protection is useless because they die. But God blesses ever * __[Psalms 146:1](../../psa/146/001.md)__ __[<<](../145/intro.md) | [>>](../147/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/147/001.md b/psa/147/001.md index 904b9f81b6..e28d3dcc49 100644 --- a/psa/147/001.md +++ b/psa/147/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The object may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "it # praise is suitable "praise is fitting" or "praise is appropriate" - diff --git a/psa/147/002.md b/psa/147/002.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/147/002.md +++ b/psa/147/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/147/003.md b/psa/147/003.md index 93363f90b8..5036c88cdc 100644 --- a/psa/147/003.md +++ b/psa/147/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He heals the brokenhearted and binds up their wounds The writer speaks of the people's sorrow and discouragement as if they were physical wounds, and of Yahweh encouraging them as if he were healing those wounds. Alternate translation: "He encourages those who are sad and helps them to heal from their emotional wounds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/004.md b/psa/147/004.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/147/004.md +++ b/psa/147/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/147/005.md b/psa/147/005.md index 52ef83a78e..623f93a7f3 100644 --- a/psa/147/005.md +++ b/psa/147/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his understanding cannot be measured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one can measure his understanding" or "his understanding has no limit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/006.md b/psa/147/006.md index 83b1e3fcd5..4985a61ec1 100644 --- a/psa/147/006.md +++ b/psa/147/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks of Yahweh honoring those who are oppressed as if Yahweh were k # he brings the wicked down to the ground The writer speaks of Yahweh humiliating the wicked as if Yahweh were forcing them to lie on the ground. Alternate translation: "he humiliates the wicked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/007.md b/psa/147/007.md index 3c808b3202..eedd90aa12 100644 --- a/psa/147/007.md +++ b/psa/147/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with a harp "while playing a harp" - diff --git a/psa/147/008.md b/psa/147/008.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/psa/147/008.md +++ b/psa/147/008.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/psa/147/009.md b/psa/147/009.md index 147febda62..205aa9e82d 100644 --- a/psa/147/009.md +++ b/psa/147/009.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # when they cry "whey they chirp" or "when they call" - diff --git a/psa/147/010.md b/psa/147/010.md index a1abea1df5..e6178be49d 100644 --- a/psa/147/010.md +++ b/psa/147/010.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the strong legs of a man Possible meanings are 1) "strong legs" is a metonym that represents how swiftly a man can run. Alternate translation: "men who can run swiftly" or 2) "strong legs" represents the strength of the whole man. Alternate translation: "how strong a man is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/011.md b/psa/147/011.md index ca91595414..8cde921430 100644 --- a/psa/147/011.md +++ b/psa/147/011.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who hope in his covenant faithfulness The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated with and adjective. Alternate translation: "who trust him because he is faithful to his covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/012.md b/psa/147/012.md index 17c3994895..606c12b7ad 100644 --- a/psa/147/012.md +++ b/psa/147/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jerusalem ... Zion The writer speaks to Jerusalem, which he also calls Zion, as if it were a person. The names of the city are metonyms for the people who live in it. Alternate translation: "people of Jerusalem ... people of Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/013.md b/psa/147/013.md index 987cb4d6cb..f67321bd94 100644 --- a/psa/147/013.md +++ b/psa/147/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrase "the bars of your gates" represent the city as a whole. Yahweh will m # he blesses ... among you The writer speaks of those who live in Jerusalem as if they were Jerusalem's children. Alternate translation: "he blesses those who live in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/014.md b/psa/147/014.md index 1af9b4a66a..d1bb1ecdc1 100644 --- a/psa/147/014.md +++ b/psa/147/014.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He brings prosperity "He brings peace." Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh causes the people who live in Jerusalem to prosper materially and financially or 2) the word translated as "prosperity" means "peace" and Yahweh keeps Jerusalem safe from enemy attack. - diff --git a/psa/147/015.md b/psa/147/015.md index f24beb4d91..5619ef80fe 100644 --- a/psa/147/015.md +++ b/psa/147/015.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his command runs very swiftly The writer describes God's command as if it were a messenger that moves quickly to deliver God's message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/016.md b/psa/147/016.md index c2cfd7e32e..2fbb368da5 100644 --- a/psa/147/016.md +++ b/psa/147/016.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He makes the snow like wool; he scatters the frost like ashes These emphasize how easy it is for him to do these things. He covers the ground with snow as easily as a person covers something with a wool blanket. And, he removes the frost as easily as the wind blows ashes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/017.md b/psa/147/017.md index ba1c57e9a6..c042165a8a 100644 --- a/psa/147/017.md +++ b/psa/147/017.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ small pieces of ice that fall from the sky like rain # who can withstand the cold he sends? The writer uses this question to emphasize that it is difficult to endure the cold weather that Yahweh causes. Alternate translation: "no one can live in the cold he sends." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/018.md b/psa/147/018.md index a7e7d7d923..18d6e6a3f4 100644 --- a/psa/147/018.md +++ b/psa/147/018.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He sends out his command and melts them The writer speaks of Yahweh's command as if it were his messenger. The word "command" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "He commands the ice to melt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/019.md b/psa/147/019.md index 433e8dadb5..fc6767bf75 100644 --- a/psa/147/019.md +++ b/psa/147/019.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The verbal phrase can be supplied from the previous line. Alternate translation: # his statutes and his righteous decrees The words "statutes" and "righteous decrees," along with "word" in the previous line, all refer to the law of Moses. If your language does not have different words for these terms, you may combine the two lines into one, using either "Jacob" or "Israel" for the people who received them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/psa/147/020.md b/psa/147/020.md index 6e7066bbfb..5e6bc4ebb8 100644 --- a/psa/147/020.md +++ b/psa/147/020.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they do not know them The other nations do not know Yahweh's decrees. - diff --git a/psa/147/intro.md b/psa/147/intro.md index 8e6843f806..0941243a90 100644 --- a/psa/147/intro.md +++ b/psa/147/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 147 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 147 is a worship psalm. It is the fourth in a series of seven worship psalms. (Psalms 144-150) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Yahweh's control -#### Yahweh's control Yahweh has created everything and controls all of nature. He provides for the animals and people. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Yahweh has created everything and controls all of nature. He provides for the an * __[Psalms 147:1](../../psa/147/001.md)__ __[<<](../146/intro.md) | [>>](../148/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/148/001.md b/psa/148/001.md index f09ed058b4..6093103817 100644 --- a/psa/148/001.md +++ b/psa/148/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetr # Praise Yahweh, you in the heavens ... you in the heights "Praise Yahweh, you in the heavens ... you in the sky." These two lines are parallel, with phrase "the heights" meaning the same thing as "the heavens" in the previous line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/002.md b/psa/148/002.md index aa3a8a58ca..d429472d99 100644 --- a/psa/148/002.md +++ b/psa/148/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all his hosts "all his armies." Here "hosts" refers to the living beings that God created in the heavens. Possible meanings are that they are called hosts 1) because they fight as armies. Alternate translation: "all his angel armies" or 2) because there are so many of them, just as armies have many soldiers. Alternate translation: "all his multitude of angels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/003.md b/psa/148/003.md index b76907a310..86aa2e1892 100644 --- a/psa/148/003.md +++ b/psa/148/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks to the sun and moon as if they were people and commands them t # praise him, all you shining stars The writer speaks to the shining stars as if they were people and commands them to praise Yahweh. Alternate translation: "Praise Yahweh, shining stars, as people do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/004.md b/psa/148/004.md index 189d30f805..3d23409e84 100644 --- a/psa/148/004.md +++ b/psa/148/004.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks to "the waters that are above the sky" as if they are people a # waters that are above the sky The writer speaks of a place above the sky where water is stored and from which the rain comes. - diff --git a/psa/148/005.md b/psa/148/005.md index b7c0dedf1a..2a686fe723 100644 --- a/psa/148/005.md +++ b/psa/148/005.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "Let them # they were created This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he created them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/006.md b/psa/148/006.md index fb014d78d1..63085e77a6 100644 --- a/psa/148/006.md +++ b/psa/148/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "he gave a command that is permanent" or 2) "he gave a # he issued "he gave" - diff --git a/psa/148/007.md b/psa/148/007.md index cb2c171d95..2c85b0234b 100644 --- a/psa/148/007.md +++ b/psa/148/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all ocean depths This phrase represents every creature that lives in the depths of the oceans. Alternate translation: "all creatures in the ocean depths" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/008.md b/psa/148/008.md index 3db021448d..fc9675a969 100644 --- a/psa/148/008.md +++ b/psa/148/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer speaks to these natural phenomena as if they are people and commands # stormy wind fulfilling his word "stormy wind that does what Yahweh commands" - diff --git a/psa/148/009.md b/psa/148/009.md index edb8129e2a..965c620696 100644 --- a/psa/148/009.md +++ b/psa/148/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The writer continues to speak to things that are not human as if they were people and commands them to praise Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/010.md b/psa/148/010.md index 7bf9f5da1a..918d99eff0 100644 --- a/psa/148/010.md +++ b/psa/148/010.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Wild animals ... all livestock Together these two phrases encompass all animals. Alternate translation: "all animals" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/011.md b/psa/148/011.md index ec464ad775..ad5791b4c2 100644 --- a/psa/148/011.md +++ b/psa/148/011.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The writer commands all people to praise Yahweh. # all nations The word "nations" represents the people who live in those nations. Alternate translation: "people of every nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/012.md b/psa/148/012.md index 7187b6d0ea..89894db2b5 100644 --- a/psa/148/012.md +++ b/psa/148/012.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # young men and young women, elderly and children The writer uses two merisms, one related to gender and one related to age, to represent every person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/013.md b/psa/148/013.md index 088d488b92..3fbd2a4131 100644 --- a/psa/148/013.md +++ b/psa/148/013.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, # his glory extends over the earth and the heavens The writer speaks of Yahweh's greatness as his glory being high above earth and heaven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/014.md b/psa/148/014.md index 4e7e309d1d..185b5f931f 100644 --- a/psa/148/014.md +++ b/psa/148/014.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer speaks of strength as if it were the horn of an animal. Lifting up an # the people near to him The writer speaks of Yahweh loving his people as if his people were physically close to him. Alternate translation: "the people he loves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/psa/148/intro.md b/psa/148/intro.md index dd21cba926..2c2f791512 100644 --- a/psa/148/intro.md +++ b/psa/148/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 148 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 148 is a worship psalm. It is the fifth in a series of seven worship psalms. (Psalms 144-150) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise -#### Praise All creation, including humans, should praise God for his greatness. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ All creation, including humans, should praise God for his greatness. * __[Psalms 148:1](../../psa/148/001.md)__ __[<<](../147/intro.md) | [>>](../149/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/149/001.md b/psa/149/001.md index b37bd8d9cf..5c48ca0ee6 100644 --- a/psa/149/001.md +++ b/psa/149/001.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "a song you have never sung before" or 2) a song no one # sing his praise "praise him with songs" - diff --git a/psa/149/002.md b/psa/149/002.md index f809306cc4..eceb2b1897 100644 --- a/psa/149/002.md +++ b/psa/149/002.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "rejoice because he made them" or 2) "rejoice because t # rejoice in their king The words "their king" is likely a reference to God. Possible meanings are 1) "rejoice because he is their king" or 2) "rejoice because their king is good." - diff --git a/psa/149/003.md b/psa/149/003.md index b5ed579a85..db4c905782 100644 --- a/psa/149/003.md +++ b/psa/149/003.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "praise # tambourine a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/psa/149/004.md b/psa/149/004.md index 88f26543ec..04849f841e 100644 --- a/psa/149/004.md +++ b/psa/149/004.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate # the humble This can be restated to remove the nominal adjective. Alternate translation: "those who are humble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/psa/149/005.md b/psa/149/005.md index ca9bae4550..43acd3b940 100644 --- a/psa/149/005.md +++ b/psa/149/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # on their beds The translation can make explicit that this refers to when a person lies down at night to sleep in a bed. Alternate translation: "as they lie down to sleep at night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/psa/149/006.md b/psa/149/006.md index ff75199657..3317c6a27a 100644 --- a/psa/149/006.md +++ b/psa/149/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The mouth represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "May they always b # a two-edged sword in their hand If swords are not known, use the name of a local weapon. The word "sword" is a metonym for being ready to fight in war. Alternate translation: "may there be a two-edged sword in their hand" or "may they always be ready to go to war for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/149/007.md b/psa/149/007.md index e996a35590..49000380c1 100644 --- a/psa/149/007.md +++ b/psa/149/007.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the nations The phrase "the nations" is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. Alternate translation: "the people of the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/psa/149/008.md b/psa/149/008.md index 21cb64278b..28ee55ef03 100644 --- a/psa/149/008.md +++ b/psa/149/008.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are made of heavy metal and restrict the movement of prisoners. # shackles a pair of chains or bands with a chain between that limits the movement of both a person's hands or feet. - diff --git a/psa/149/009.md b/psa/149/009.md index e8005bbb94..673f36c240 100644 --- a/psa/149/009.md +++ b/psa/149/009.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will execute the judgment that is written The abstract noun "judgment" can be stated as "judge." Alternate translation: "They will judge and punish the people of those nations as God wrote should be done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/psa/149/intro.md b/psa/149/intro.md index 75842eed26..091f2274a6 100644 --- a/psa/149/intro.md +++ b/psa/149/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 149 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 149 is a worship psalm. It is the sixth in a series of seven worship psalms. (Psalms 144-150) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Praise -#### Praise The people of Israel should praise God and conquer the other nations. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ The people of Israel should praise God and conquer the other nations. * __[Psalms 149:1](../../psa/149/001.md)__ __[<<](../148/intro.md) | [>>](../150/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/psa/150/001.md b/psa/150/001.md index 0f138e6efd..e84abd5d4d 100644 --- a/psa/150/001.md +++ b/psa/150/001.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This focuses on praise or worship that is most commonly held in the temple. Para # Praise God in his holy place God's temple was often referred to as his holy place. This was the most common place to go to worship God. - diff --git a/psa/150/002.md b/psa/150/002.md index ccff6703b2..55beed2a80 100644 --- a/psa/150/002.md +++ b/psa/150/002.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # his mighty acts "the great things he has done." God's "mighty acts" can possibly mean 1) natural such as thunderstorms and earthquakes or 2) miraculous such as healings and great victories in battle. - diff --git a/psa/150/003.md b/psa/150/003.md index aa11ed1610..0f0f743ff8 100644 --- a/psa/150/003.md +++ b/psa/150/003.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Verses 3 to 5 focus on praising or worshiping God with musical instruments and dance. - diff --git a/psa/150/004.md b/psa/150/004.md index b01abd7f97..665a67d87f 100644 --- a/psa/150/004.md +++ b/psa/150/004.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # tambourines A tambourine is a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/psa/150/005.md b/psa/150/005.md index 6a4674e8e4..f8b9b4f343 100644 --- a/psa/150/005.md +++ b/psa/150/005.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # cymbals two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/psa/150/006.md b/psa/150/006.md index 107d77c750..fdc07afc56 100644 --- a/psa/150/006.md +++ b/psa/150/006.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This verse is more than the end of this psalm. It is the closing statement for a # everything that has breath This is an exaggeration that calls on all people who are alive to praise God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/psa/150/intro.md b/psa/150/intro.md index f275441e0e..4ab87263e0 100644 --- a/psa/150/intro.md +++ b/psa/150/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Psalm 150 General Notes -### Type of psalm +## Type of psalm Psalm 150 is a worship psalm. It is last in a series of worship psalms. (Psalms 144-150) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Instruments -#### Instruments People should praise Yahweh with every type of musical instrument. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ People should praise Yahweh with every type of musical instrument. * __[Psalms 150:1](../../psa/150/001.md)__ __[<<](../149/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/psa/front/intro.md b/psa/front/intro.md index ea7f4b6ed8..a1670a937a 100644 --- a/psa/front/intro.md +++ b/psa/front/intro.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ### What is the Book of Psalms? -The Book of Psalms is a collection of songs. People called psalmists wrote them for different reasons. In some psalms, the psalmists expressed their praise for God. In other psalms, they asked God for help and expressed confidence in his love and power. In others, they confessed their sins and begged for mercy. The Israelites wrote some psalms to ask Yahweh to defeat their enemies. Other psalms celebrated the event of a new king beginning his reign. Psalmists also wrote to praise the city of Jerusalem. They wrote some psalms to instruct people on how to be wise by honoring Yahweh and obeying his law. Also, pilgrims sang some of the psalms while traveling to Jerusalem to worship there. Some psalms became songs of praise in the temple worship of Yahweh. +The Book of Psalms is a collection of songs. People called psalmists wrote them for different reasons. In some psalms, the psalmists expressed their praise for God. In other psalms, they asked God for help and expressed confidence in his love and power. In others, they confessed their sins and begged for mercy. The Israelites wrote some psalms to ask Yahweh to defeat their enemies. Other psalms celebrated the event of a new king beginning his reign. Psalmists also wrote to praise the city of Jerusalem. They wrote some psalms to instruct people on how to be wise by honoring Yahweh and obeying his law. Also, pilgrims sang some of the psalms while traveling to Jerusalem to worship there. Some psalms became songs of praise in the temple worship of Yahweh. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Many psalms give some information called superscriptions before the beginning of Seventy-three psalms are called "A psalm of David." This may mean they were written by King David. Or, it could mean someone wrote them for David or in the style that David used when he composed poetry. The superscriptions of some psalms give the historical situations in which they were written. -Some superscriptions give instructions about how they should be played and sung. They tell which instruments, singers, or melodies that should be used for that psalm. Fifty-five psalms are addressed "to the choirmaster" or "chief musician." The psalmists seem to have meant them to be used in temple worship. +Some superscriptions give instructions about how they should be played and sung. They tell which instruments, singers, or melodies that should be used for that psalm. Fifty-five psalms are addressed "to the choirmaster" or "chief musician." The psalmists seem to have meant them to be used in temple worship. Traditionally, English versions do not give verse numbers to the superscriptions. But many versions in other languages do. Whether or not translators give them verse numbers, they should consider the superscriptions in the Psalms as part of the divinely inspired biblical text. @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Also, psalmists often expressed fear that they would be shamed by their enemies. ### Why do the ULB and UDB display the Book of Psalms as poetry, but some modern versions do not? -The psalmists wrote the Psalms as Hebrew poetry. The ULB and UDB set each line farther to the right on the page than regular text is placed to show that the writing is poetry rather than prose. +The psalmists wrote the Psalms as Hebrew poetry. The ULB and UDB set each line farther to the right on the page than regular text is placed to show that the writing is poetry rather than prose. This style typically uses pairs of poetic lines that relate to each other in different ways. Usually, poetic lines are said to be "parallel" to each other. A line that is indented farther to the right is paired with the line above it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) @@ -72,4 +72,3 @@ From ancient times, people have numbered the Psalms in different ways. The Jews ### How should the translator view the terms Selah and Higgaion that occur in various psalms? "Selah" and "Higgaion" seem to be musical terms inserted as directions for singers and musicians. Scholars do not agree as to their meaning. For this reason, translators may decide to transliterate them or leave them out but not try to translate them. - diff --git a/rev/01/01.md b/rev/01/01.md index 4795853d41..4a80a74182 100644 --- a/rev/01/01.md +++ b/rev/01/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to people who believe in Christ. # to his servant John John wrote this book and was referring to himself here. Alternate translation: "to me, John, his servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/rev/01/02.md b/rev/01/02.md index e7f1a3b9ad..6a7fb3d79b 100644 --- a/rev/01/02.md +++ b/rev/01/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "who" refers to John. This tells what John did after he learned about t # the testimony of Jesus Christ These words could refer to 1) the testimony that John has given about Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: "he has also given testimony about Jesus Christ" Or 2) the testimony that Jesus Christ has given about himself. - diff --git a/rev/01/03.md b/rev/01/03.md index 618ed700a1..87e3ef2bdb 100644 --- a/rev/01/03.md +++ b/rev/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "obey what John has wr # the time is near "the things that must happen will soon happen" - diff --git a/rev/01/04.md b/rev/01/04.md index ebbbabce50..ef3b3dac7f 100644 --- a/rev/01/04.md +++ b/rev/01/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-m # seven spirits The number seven is a symbol of completeness and perfection. The "seven spirits" refers either to the Spirit of God or to seven spirits who serve God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/01/05.md b/rev/01/05.md index d9ce192681..483e13cdf2 100644 --- a/rev/01/05.md +++ b/rev/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The expression "the dead" describes all dead people together in the underworld. # has freed us from our sins "has released us from our sins" - diff --git a/rev/01/06.md b/rev/01/06.md index 12579d5c93..bb4a0b32d4 100644 --- a/rev/01/06.md +++ b/rev/01/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a wish or prayer. Possible meanings are 1) "May people honor his glory a # the power This probably refers to his authority as king. - diff --git a/rev/01/07.md b/rev/01/07.md index b883e67ca4..4fdd503c07 100644 --- a/rev/01/07.md +++ b/rev/01/07.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Jesus's hands and feet were pierced when he was nailed to the cross. Here it ref # pierced made a hole in - diff --git a/rev/01/08.md b/rev/01/08.md index 2f4f7a8cf5..888637fd09 100644 --- a/rev/01/08.md +++ b/rev/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. Possible meanings are 1) # who is to come Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/01/09.md b/rev/01/09.md index c0c4b4be54..198c10346a 100644 --- a/rev/01/09.md +++ b/rev/01/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "I, John, am y # the testimony about Jesus "the testimony that God has given about Jesus." Translate as in [Revelation 1:2](../01/02.md). - diff --git a/rev/01/10.md b/rev/01/10.md index 615afac1da..c0a06b5edf 100644 --- a/rev/01/10.md +++ b/rev/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The voice was so loud it sounded like a trumpet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # trumpet This refers to an instrument for producing music or for calling people to gather together for an announcement or meeting. - diff --git a/rev/01/11.md b/rev/01/11.md index dca62ba812..c6c63298eb 100644 --- a/rev/01/11.md +++ b/rev/01/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Smyrna ... Pergamum ... Thyatira ... Sardis ... Philadelphia ... Laodicea These are names of cities in the region of western Asia that today is modern Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rev/01/12.md b/rev/01/12.md index 562eb2625b..74e658bbb4 100644 --- a/rev/01/12.md +++ b/rev/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John begins to explain what he saw in his vision. # whose voice This refers to the person speaking. Alternate translation: "who" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rev/01/13.md b/rev/01/13.md index f935d92ec6..321d4fd10a 100644 --- a/rev/01/13.md +++ b/rev/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This expression describes a human figure, someone who looks human. (See: [[rc:// # a golden sash a piece of cloth worn around the chest. It may have had golden threads in it. - diff --git a/rev/01/14.md b/rev/01/14.md index 3e543231eb..66652a1fd7 100644 --- a/rev/01/14.md +++ b/rev/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the hair of a sheep or goat. It was known to be very white. # his eyes were like a flame of fire His eyes are described as being full of light like fire flames. Alternate translation: "his eyes were glowing like a flames of fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/01/15.md b/rev/01/15.md index 9b4ff817ed..162e8a3a59 100644 --- a/rev/01/15.md +++ b/rev/01/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a strong container for holding a very hot fire. People would put metal in it, an # the sound of many rushing waters This is very loud, like the sound of a large, fast flowing river, of a large waterfall, or of loud waves in the sea. - diff --git a/rev/01/16.md b/rev/01/16.md index 0a8e9e683f..496ba153d1 100644 --- a/rev/01/16.md +++ b/rev/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The sword blade was sticking out of his mouth. The sword itself was not in motio # a sword with two sharp edges This refers to a double-edged sword, which is sharpened on both sides to cut both directions. - diff --git a/rev/01/17.md b/rev/01/17.md index b9e6cf5cd3..6bc803a813 100644 --- a/rev/01/17.md +++ b/rev/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John lay down facing the ground. He was probably very frightened and was showing # I am the first and the last This refers to the eternal nature of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/rev/01/18.md b/rev/01/18.md index 1e3a24bf3e..79afab02f1 100644 --- a/rev/01/18.md +++ b/rev/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I have the keys of death and of Hades Having the power over something is spoken of as having the keys to it. The implied information is that he can give life to those who have died and let them out of Hades. Alternate translation: "I have the power over death and over Hades" or "I have the power to give life to people who have died and to let them out of Hades" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/01/19.md b/rev/01/19.md index c927ac24d5..a4dd363582 100644 --- a/rev/01/19.md +++ b/rev/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The Son of Man continues to speak. - diff --git a/rev/01/20.md b/rev/01/20.md index 0bc04b8f87..1c4652e112 100644 --- a/rev/01/20.md +++ b/rev/01/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are that these "angels" are 1) heavenly angels who protect the # seven churches This refers to seven churches that actually existed in Asia Minor at that time. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:11](../01/11.md). - diff --git a/rev/01/intro.md b/rev/01/intro.md index 81edbf0c16..2773963be0 100644 --- a/rev/01/intro.md +++ b/rev/01/intro.md @@ -1,42 +1,42 @@ # Revelation 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter explains how the Book of Revelation records the vision John received on the island of Patmos. +This chapter explains how the Book of Revelation records the vision John received on the island of Patmos. Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page to make them easier to read. The ULB does this with the quoted words in verse 7. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Seven churches +### Seven churches John wrote this book to seven actual churches in Asia Minor, which is now the country of Turkey. -#### White +### White The Bible often speaks of something that belongs to a person as being "white." This is metaphor and metonym for that person living rightly and pleasing God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### "the one who is, and who was, and who is to come" +### "the one who is, and who was, and who is to come" -God exists now. He has always existed. He will always exist. Your language may have a different way of saying this. +God exists now. He has always existed. He will always exist. Your language may have a different way of saying this. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Blood +### Blood Blood is a metonym for death. Jesus "has released us from our sins by his blood." John means that Jesus saved us from our sins by dying for us. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "He is coming with the clouds" +### "He is coming with the clouds" Jesus went into the clouds when he went up to heaven after God raised him from the dead. When Jesus returns, he will also be "with the clouds." It is not clear whether he will be sitting or riding on clouds or coming in the clouds or "with the clouds" in some other way. Your translation should express this in a way that is natural in your language. -#### "One like a son of man" +### "One like a son of man" This refers to Jesus. You should translate the words "son of man" using the same words as you did in the Gospels for when Jesus called himself the "Son of Man." -#### "The angels of the seven churches" +### "The angels of the seven churches" The word "angels" here can also mean "messengers." This might refer to heavenly beings, or to the messengers or leaders of these seven churches. John uses the same word "angel" (singular) in verse 1 and in many other places throughout the book. Your translation should also use the same word. @@ -46,4 +46,3 @@ The word "angels" here can also mean "messengers." This might refer to heavenly * __[Revelation intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/02/01.md b/rev/02/01.md index 471a010952..ec8ceb4a69 100644 --- a/rev/02/01.md +++ b/rev/02/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These stars are symbols. They represent the seven angels of the seven churches. # lampstands The lampstands are symbols that represent the seven churches. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:12](../01/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/02.md b/rev/02/02.md index 62bd46809c..9821212517 100644 --- a/rev/02/02.md +++ b/rev/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # you have found them to be false "you have recognized that those people are false apostles" - diff --git a/rev/02/03.md b/rev/02/03.md index 22e3503316..46aefcccb7 100644 --- a/rev/02/03.md +++ b/rev/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you have not grown weary Being discouraged is spoken of as being tired. Alternate translation: "you have not become discouraged" or "you have not quit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/04.md b/rev/02/04.md index 98251875b8..831a876515 100644 --- a/rev/02/04.md +++ b/rev/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # you have left behind your first love To stop doing something is spoken of as leaving it behind. Love is spoken of as if it is an object that can be left behind. Alternate translation: "you have stopped loving me as you did at the beginning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/05.md b/rev/02/05.md index fffc41df55..1c7721eb5a 100644 --- a/rev/02/05.md +++ b/rev/02/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ No longer loving as much as they used to is spoken of as haven fallen. Alternate # remove your lampstand The lampstands are symbols that represent the seven churches. See how you translated "lampstand" in [Revelation 1:12](../01/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/06.md b/rev/02/06.md index bded155881..d2a76676e0 100644 --- a/rev/02/06.md +++ b/rev/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nicolaitans people who followed the teachings of a man named Nicolaus (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/07.md b/rev/02/07.md index d610dc4653..e42c1f2a2c 100644 --- a/rev/02/07.md +++ b/rev/02/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to anyone who conquers. Alternate translation: "anyone who resists e # the paradise of God "God's garden." This is a symbol for heaven. - diff --git a/rev/02/08.md b/rev/02/08.md index 526250f1fd..4d998b1988 100644 --- a/rev/02/08.md +++ b/rev/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city in a part of western Asia that today is modern Turkey # the first and the last This refers to the eternal nature of Jesus. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:17](../01/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/09.md b/rev/02/09.md index e82b92039d..27df18441f 100644 --- a/rev/02/09.md +++ b/rev/02/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # a synagogue of Satan People who gather to obey or honor Satan are spoken of as if they were a synagogue, a place of worship and teaching for the Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/10.md b/rev/02/10.md index 8563e5da33..ef0f21993d 100644 --- a/rev/02/10.md +++ b/rev/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "The devil" here are a metonym for the people who obey the devil. Alte # the crown of life Possible meanings are 1) "a crown that shows that I have given you eternal life" or 2) "true life as a prize like a winner's crown" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/11.md b/rev/02/11.md index 1e0a873ef2..564dd81034 100644 --- a/rev/02/11.md +++ b/rev/02/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to anyone who conquers. See how you translated this in [Revelation 2 # will not be hurt by the second death "will not experience the second death" or "will not die a second time" - diff --git a/rev/02/12.md b/rev/02/12.md index 13e5be7843..ab31322fe9 100644 --- a/rev/02/12.md +++ b/rev/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of a city in a part of western Asia that today is modern Turkey # the sword with two sharp edges This refers to a double-edged sword, which is sharpened on both sides to cut both directions. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:16](../01/16.md) - diff --git a/rev/02/13.md b/rev/02/13.md index 24cb4f1ed5..cc2307b734 100644 --- a/rev/02/13.md +++ b/rev/02/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Satan's power and evil influence on people, or 2) the p # Antipas This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/14.md b/rev/02/14.md index 122d638c10..60236a111e 100644 --- a/rev/02/14.md +++ b/rev/02/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Something that leads people to sin is spoken of as a stone in the road that peop # be sexually immoral "sin sexually" or "commit sexual sin" - diff --git a/rev/02/15.md b/rev/02/15.md index 91ee97b1ee..81ff2c6a8f 100644 --- a/rev/02/15.md +++ b/rev/02/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Nicolaitans This was the name for a group of people who followed the teachings of a man named Nicolaus. See how you translated this in [Revelation 2:6](../02/06.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/16.md b/rev/02/16.md index d985e4f045..6fcd83c1bc 100644 --- a/rev/02/16.md +++ b/rev/02/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The verb can be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "If yo # with the sword in my mouth This refers to the sword in [Revelation 1:16](../01/16.md). Although symbols in apocalyptic language are not normally to be replaced with the item they represent, translators may choose whether or not to show that this as a symbol represents God's word, as the UDB does. This symbol indicates that Christ will defeat his enemies by giving a simple command. Alternate translation: "with the sword in my mouth, which is the word of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/17.md b/rev/02/17.md index 7ec819e3aa..ea4db135e6 100644 --- a/rev/02/17.md +++ b/rev/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the seco # To the one who conquers This refers to anyone who conquers. See how you translated this in [Revelation 2:7](../02/07.md). Alternate translation: "anyone who resists evil" or "those who do not agree to do evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/18.md b/rev/02/18.md index 1b233a312c..423d556892 100644 --- a/rev/02/18.md +++ b/rev/02/18.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ His eyes are describes as being full of light like a flame of fire. See how you # feet like polished bronze Bronze is polished to make it shine and reflect light. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:15](../01/15.md). Alternate translation: "whose feet are very shiny like polished bronze" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/19.md b/rev/02/19.md index 9f11d907f2..a8cfcc8c6a 100644 --- a/rev/02/19.md +++ b/rev/02/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "love," "faith," "service," and "endurance" can be translated # your love and faith and service and your patient endurance The implied objects of these verbs can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "How you have loved me and others, trusted me, served me and others, and endured troubles patiently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/20.md b/rev/02/20.md index d61ca8556d..7cb0864f9a 100644 --- a/rev/02/20.md +++ b/rev/02/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the woman Jezebel, who Jesus spoke of a certain woman in their church as if she were Queen Jezebel because she did the same kinds of sinful things that Queen Jezebel had done long before that time. Alternate translation: "the woman who is just like Jezebel and" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/21.md b/rev/02/21.md index 5edd6fe4cc..e016074779 100644 --- a/rev/02/21.md +++ b/rev/02/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I gave her time to repent "I gave her opportunity to repent" or "I waited for her to repent" - diff --git a/rev/02/22.md b/rev/02/22.md index 005ff72615..aa78034196 100644 --- a/rev/02/22.md +++ b/rev/02/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Jesus speaks of causing people to suffer as throwing them into suffering. Altern # unless they repent of her deeds This implies that they have participated with her in her wicked behavior. By repenting of her deeds, they also repent of participating in her behavior. Alternate translation: "if they do not repent from doing the evil that she does" or "if they do not repent of participating in her deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/23.md b/rev/02/23.md index 3bfce20478..f1c01ce722 100644 --- a/rev/02/23.md +++ b/rev/02/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The term "heart" a metonym that represents feelings and desires. Alternate trans # I will give to each one of you This is an expression about punishment and reward. Alternate translation: "I will punish or reward each one of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/24.md b/rev/02/24.md index 5a71fad343..838687a89f 100644 --- a/rev/02/24.md +++ b/rev/02/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The noun "teaching" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "does no # deep things Secret things are spoken of as if they were deep. Alternate translation: "secret things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/25.md b/rev/02/25.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/02/25.md +++ b/rev/02/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/02/26.md b/rev/02/26.md index 75b56eecd0..7a49fa06a9 100644 --- a/rev/02/26.md +++ b/rev/02/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to anyone who conquers. See how you translated this in [Revelation 2 # does my works "does what I command him to do" - diff --git a/rev/02/27.md b/rev/02/27.md index 8d4ebbbbcd..b95c4f6989 100644 --- a/rev/02/27.md +++ b/rev/02/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Ruling harshly is spoken of as ruling with an iron rod. Alternate translation: " # like clay jars he will break them into pieces Breaking them to pieces is an image that represents either 1) destroying evildoers or 2) defeating enemies. Alternate translation: "He will defeat his enemies completely as if breaking clay jars into pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/28.md b/rev/02/28.md index 1a006ff2c9..28105b8b4c 100644 --- a/rev/02/28.md +++ b/rev/02/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "him" refers to the one who conquers. # morning star This is a bright star that sometimes appears early in the morning just before dawn. It was a symbol of victory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/29.md b/rev/02/29.md index 3a9a49a960..84e35ecd4a 100644 --- a/rev/02/29.md +++ b/rev/02/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # Let the one ... hear Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated this phrase in [Revelation 2:7](../02/07.md). Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen to" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/rev/02/intro.md b/rev/02/intro.md index be15003264..275ddea4d5 100644 --- a/rev/02/intro.md +++ b/rev/02/intro.md @@ -1,38 +1,38 @@ # Revelation 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Chapters 2 and 3 together are usually called the "seven letters to the seven churches." You may wish to set each letter apart. The reader can then easily see that they are separate letters. Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted words of verse 27. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Poverty and wealth +### Poverty and wealth The Christians in Smyrna were poor because they did not have much money. But they were rich spiritually because God would reward them for their suffering. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]) -#### "The devil is about to" +### "The devil is about to" Some authorities were about to take some of the Christians in Smyrna and throw them into prison and even kill some of them ([Revelation 2:10](../../rev/02/10.md)). John does not say who these authorities were, but he does speak of them harming the Christians as if Satan himself were harming them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) -#### Balaam, Balak, and Jezebel +### Balaam, Balak, and Jezebel -Balaam, Balak, and Jezebel were people who lived long before Jesus was born. They all tried to harm the Israelites either by cursing them or by making them want to stop obeying God. +Balaam, Balak, and Jezebel were people who lived long before Jesus was born. They all tried to harm the Israelites either by cursing them or by making them want to stop obeying God. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### "Let the one who has an ear, hear what the Spirit is saying to the churches" +### "Let the one who has an ear, hear what the Spirit is saying to the churches" The writer knew that almost all of his readers had physical ears. The ear here is a metonym for hearing what God says and desiring to obey him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "The angel of the church" +### "The angel of the church" The word "angel" here can also mean "messenger." This might refer to the messenger or leader of the church. See how you translated "angel" in [Revelation 1:20](../../rev/01/20.md). -#### "The words of the one who" +### "The words of the one who" The verses with these words can be difficult to translate. They do not make complete sentences. You may need to add "These are" to the beginning of these verses. Also, Jesus used these words to speak of himself as if he were speaking of another person. Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking of other people. Jesus began speaking in [Revelation 1:17](../../rev/01/17.md). He continues to speak through the end of Chapter 3. @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ The verses with these words can be difficult to translate. They do not make comp * __[Revelation 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/03/01.md b/rev/03/01.md index 218d4feb45..c89ee72f02 100644 --- a/rev/03/01.md +++ b/rev/03/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "name" here is a metonym for a reputation. Alternate translation: "You # alive ... dead Obeying and honoring God is spoken of as being alive; disobeying and dishonoring him is spoken of as being dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/02.md b/rev/03/02.md index 5af0ee8716..a78ab2c168 100644 --- a/rev/03/02.md +++ b/rev/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The good deeds done by the believers in Sardis are spoken of as if they were ali # Wake up Being alert to danger is spoken of as waking up. Alternate translation: "Be alert" or "Be careful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/03.md b/rev/03/03.md index af8e225c11..42fbfc9e1a 100644 --- a/rev/03/03.md +++ b/rev/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being alert to danger is spoken of as waking up. See how you translated "wake up # I will come as a thief Jesus will come at a time when people do not expect him, just as a thief comes when not expected. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/04.md b/rev/03/04.md index bb1888a4c0..dbdf8169a3 100644 --- a/rev/03/04.md +++ b/rev/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People commonly spoke of living as "walking." Alternate translation: "will live # dressed in white White clothes represent a pure life without sin. Alternate translation: "and they will be dressed in white, which shows that they are pure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/05.md b/rev/03/05.md index 52f4d8c3e0..3db47726af 100644 --- a/rev/03/05.md +++ b/rev/03/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ He would announce that the person belongs to him, not simply say the person's na # my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/06.md b/rev/03/06.md index 3a9a49a960..84e35ecd4a 100644 --- a/rev/03/06.md +++ b/rev/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # Let the one ... hear Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated this phrase in [Revelation 2:7](../02/07.md). Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen to" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/07.md b/rev/03/07.md index af79b02cdd..972034abb2 100644 --- a/rev/03/07.md +++ b/rev/03/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Jesus speaks of his authority to decide who may go into his kingdom as if it wer # he shuts and no one can open "he closes the door and no one can open it" - diff --git a/rev/03/08.md b/rev/03/08.md index f575cbc5a7..a37db2f728 100644 --- a/rev/03/08.md +++ b/rev/03/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "you have followed by teachings" or 2) "you have obeyed # my name The word "name" here is is a metonym for the person who has that name. Alternate translation: "me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/09.md b/rev/03/09.md index d286089691..7a311abfb0 100644 --- a/rev/03/09.md +++ b/rev/03/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the word "feet" represent the person before whom these people bow down. Alt # they will know "they will learn" or "they will admit" - diff --git a/rev/03/10.md b/rev/03/10.md index 7ec8876c19..ce2d8888a4 100644 --- a/rev/03/10.md +++ b/rev/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # is coming Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/11.md b/rev/03/11.md index 2d0149bd3d..cf809753f6 100644 --- a/rev/03/11.md +++ b/rev/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Continuing to believe firmly in Christ is spoken of as if it were holding someth # crown A crown was a wreath, originally of olive branches or laurel leaves, that was put on the head of a victorious athlete. Here "crown" stands for a reward. See how you translated "crown" in [Revelation 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/12.md b/rev/03/12.md index 87c7dec6e2..674e23c99a 100644 --- a/rev/03/12.md +++ b/rev/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The one who conquers I will make a pillar in the temple of my God Here "The one who conquers" refers to anyone who conquers. See how you translated this in [Revelation 2:7](../02/07.md). The "pillar" represents an important and permanent part of God's kingdom. Alternate translation: "I will make anyone who resists evil strong, like a pillar in the temple of my God" or "Those who do not agree to do evil I will make strong, like a pillar in the temple of my God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/13.md b/rev/03/13.md index 3a9a49a960..84e35ecd4a 100644 --- a/rev/03/13.md +++ b/rev/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # Let the one ... hear Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated this phrase in [Revelation 2:7](../02/07.md). Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen to" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/14.md b/rev/03/14.md index 95af2d4240..c81bc0a50c 100644 --- a/rev/03/14.md +++ b/rev/03/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "the Amen" is a name for Jesus Christ. He guarantees God's promises by sayi # the ruler over God's creation Possible meanings are 1) "the one who rules over everything that God created" or 2) "the one through whom God created everything." - diff --git a/rev/03/15.md b/rev/03/15.md index eb51ec8f9e..a79ada6b9f 100644 --- a/rev/03/15.md +++ b/rev/03/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are neither cold nor hot The writer speaks of the Laodiceans as if they were water. Possible meanings are 1) "cold" and hot" represent two extremes of spiritual interest or love for God, where "cold" is to be completely against God, and to be "hot" is to be zealous to serve him, or 2) "cold" and "hot" both refer to water that is useful for drinking or for cooking or healing, respectively. Alternate translation: "you are like water that is neither cold nor hot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/16.md b/rev/03/16.md index 53fdf7e1ee..f8500462d6 100644 --- a/rev/03/16.md +++ b/rev/03/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am about to vomit you out of my mouth Rejecting them is spoken of as vomiting them out of the mouth. Alternate translation: "I will reject you as I would spit out lukewarm water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/17.md b/rev/03/17.md index 29ea7d067b..1ba5e6936e 100644 --- a/rev/03/17.md +++ b/rev/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you are most miserable, pitiable, poor, blind, and naked Jesus speaks of their spiritual condition as if he were speaking about their physical condition. Alternate translation: "You are like people who are most miserable, pitiable, poor, blind, and naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/18.md b/rev/03/18.md index 7cf3ffb1bd..aef6cab939 100644 --- a/rev/03/18.md +++ b/rev/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Buy from me gold refined by fire so that you may become rich, and brilliant white garments so you may clothe yourself and not show the shame of your nakedness, and salve to anoint your eyes so you will see Here to "buy" represents receiving things from Jesus that have true spiritual value. The "gold refined by fire" represents spiritual wealth. The "brilliant white garments" represents rightousness. And the "salve to anoint your eyes" represents the ability to understand spiritual things. Alternate translation: "Come to me and receive spiritual wealth, which is more valuable than gold that is refined by fire. Receive from me righteousness, which is like brilliant white garments, so that you will not be ashamed. And receive from me wisdom, which is like salve for the eyes, so that you may understand spiritual things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/19.md b/rev/03/19.md index 43ddc6d3fb..e091d826c5 100644 --- a/rev/03/19.md +++ b/rev/03/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # be earnest and repent "be serious and repent" - diff --git a/rev/03/20.md b/rev/03/20.md index f3f8caf310..80da6fe3da 100644 --- a/rev/03/20.md +++ b/rev/03/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some languages might prefer the verb "go" here. Alternate translation: "I will g # and will eat with him This represents being together as friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/21.md b/rev/03/21.md index 9e1b279eda..29eb1b7342 100644 --- a/rev/03/21.md +++ b/rev/03/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To sit on a throne means to rule. Alternate translation: "to rule with me" or "t # my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/22.md b/rev/03/22.md index d43a2021e5..f64a642c1d 100644 --- a/rev/03/22.md +++ b/rev/03/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some e # Let the one ... hear Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated this phrase in [Revelation 2:7](../02/07.md). Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen to" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/rev/03/intro.md b/rev/03/intro.md index 21d5956d5a..ad950fc72b 100644 --- a/rev/03/intro.md +++ b/rev/03/intro.md @@ -1,38 +1,38 @@ # Revelation 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Chapters 2 and 3 together are usually called the "seven letters to the seven churches." You may wish to set each letter apart. The reader can then easily see that they are separate letters. +Chapters 2 and 3 together are usually called the "seven letters to the seven churches." You may wish to set each letter apart. The reader can then easily see that they are separate letters. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with verse 7. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Seven spirits of God +### Seven spirits of God These spirits are the seven spirits of [Revelation 1:4](../../rev/01/04.md). -#### Seven stars +### Seven stars These stars are the seven stars of [Revelation 1:20](../../rev/01/20.md). -### Important metaphors in this chapter +## Important metaphors in this chapter -#### Look, I am standing at the door and am knocking +### Look, I am standing at the door and am knocking Jesus speaks of his desire to have the Christians in Laodicea obey him as if he were a man asking people in a house to allow him to enter and eat with them ([Revelation 3:20](../../rev/03/20.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### "Let the one who has an ear, hear what the Spirit is saying to the churches" +### "Let the one who has an ear, hear what the Spirit is saying to the churches" The speaker knew that almost all of his readers had physical ears. The ear here is a metonym for hearing what God says and desiring to obey him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "The angel of the church" +### "The angel of the church" The word "angel" here can also mean "messenger." This might refer to the messenger or leader of the church. See how you translated "angel" in [Revelation 1:20](../../rev/01/20.md). -#### "The words of the one who" +### "The words of the one who" The verses with these words can be difficult to translate. They do not make complete sentences. You may need to add "These are" to the beginning of these verses. Also, Jesus used these words to speak of himself as if he were speaking of another person. Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking of other people. Jesus began speaking in [Revelation 1:17](../../rev/01/17.md). He continues to speak through the end of Chapter 3. @@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ The verses with these words can be difficult to translate. They do not make comp * __[Revelation 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/04/01.md b/rev/04/01.md index 79cc1b94d6..bc711adde5 100644 --- a/rev/04/01.md +++ b/rev/04/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ How the voice was like a trumpet can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: " # trumpet This refers to an instrument for producing music or for calling people to gather together for an announcement or meeting. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:10](../01/10.md). - diff --git a/rev/04/02.md b/rev/04/02.md index 1f37ef1eaf..496fd553d2 100644 --- a/rev/04/02.md +++ b/rev/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I was in the Spirit John speaks of being influenced by God's Spirit as if he were in the Spirit. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:10](../01/10.md). Alternate translation: "I was influenced by the Spirit" or "The Spirit influenced me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rev/04/03.md b/rev/04/03.md index 87dddd708a..842b473a54 100644 --- a/rev/04/03.md +++ b/rev/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are valuable stones. Jasper may have been clear like glass or crystal, and # emerald a green, valuable stone (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/04/04.md b/rev/04/04.md index 71ae033985..f261d66a40 100644 --- a/rev/04/04.md +++ b/rev/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # golden crowns These were likenesses of wreaths of olive branches or laurel leaves, hammered out in gold. Such crowns, made of leaves, were given to victorious athletes to wear on their heads. - diff --git a/rev/04/05.md b/rev/04/05.md index 004e5579b7..74d57646c1 100644 --- a/rev/04/05.md +++ b/rev/04/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the loud noises that thunder makes. Use your language's way of describ # seven spirits of God The number seven is a symbol of completeness and perfection. The "seven spirits" refers either to the Spirit of God or to seven spirits who serve God. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/04/06.md b/rev/04/06.md index 3f6a2a8e8b..a97f29ba49 100644 --- a/rev/04/06.md +++ b/rev/04/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ How it was like crystal can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "clear as # four living creatures "four living beings" or "four living things" - diff --git a/rev/04/07.md b/rev/04/07.md index db44717316..8847d9d1c3 100644 --- a/rev/04/07.md +++ b/rev/04/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ How the head of each living creature appeared to John is expressed as a comparis # living creature "living being" or "living thing." See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:6](../04/06.md) - diff --git a/rev/04/08.md b/rev/04/08.md index 227b06e055..3dd9073d4b 100644 --- a/rev/04/08.md +++ b/rev/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The top and bottom of each wing was covered with eyes. # who is to come Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/04/09.md b/rev/04/09.md index 7f1dbcb31a..db130193bb 100644 --- a/rev/04/09.md +++ b/rev/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is one person. The one who sits on the throne lives forever and ever. # forever and ever These two words mean about the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. Alternate translation: "for all eternity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/rev/04/10.md b/rev/04/10.md index 8f06f8ff71..b6ddb1cb6f 100644 --- a/rev/04/10.md +++ b/rev/04/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These crowns looked like wreaths of olive branches or laurel leaves, hammered ou # lay Possible meanings are 1) to place or 2) to throw down forcibly, as of something worthless ("throw," [Revelation 2:22](../02/22.md)). The reader should understand that the elders are acting respectfully. - diff --git a/rev/04/11.md b/rev/04/11.md index 78d6806488..daa6352c29 100644 --- a/rev/04/11.md +++ b/rev/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to receive glory and honor and power These are things that God always has. Being praised for having them is spoken of as receiving them. Alternate translation: "to be praised for your glory, honor, and power" or "for everyone to praise you because you are glorious, honorable, and powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/04/intro.md b/rev/04/intro.md index a7700bae9b..e31e7e9cb4 100644 --- a/rev/04/intro.md +++ b/rev/04/intro.md @@ -1,32 +1,32 @@ # Revelation 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with verses 8 and 11. John has finished describing the letters to the churches. He now begins to describe a vision that God showed him. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Jasper, carnelian, and emerald +### Jasper, carnelian, and emerald These words refer to kinds of special stones that the people in John's day considered valuable. It may be difficult for you to translate these words if people in your culture do not value special kinds of stones. -#### Twenty-four elders +### Twenty-four elders Elders are church leaders. Twenty-four elders may be symbolic of the whole church through the ages. There were twelve tribes in Old Testament Israel and twelve apostles in the New Testament church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -#### Seven spirits of God +### Seven spirits of God These spirits are the seven spirits of [Revelation 1:4](../../rev/01/04.md). -#### Giving glory to God +### Giving glory to God God's glory is the great beauty and radiant majesty that God has because he is God. Other Bible writers describe it as if it were a light so bright that no one can look at it. No one can give God this kind of glory, because it is already his. For people "to give glory" to God and for God "to receive glory" means that people are praising and worshiping God because of the glory he already has. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worthy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worship]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Difficult images +### Difficult images Such things as bolts of lightning coming from the throne, lamps that are spirits, and a sea in front of the throne may be difficult to imagine, and so the words for them may be difficult to translate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) @@ -35,4 +35,3 @@ Such things as bolts of lightning coming from the throne, lamps that are spirits * __[Revelation 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/05/01.md b/rev/05/01.md index e2b52d6104..847b3c6901 100644 --- a/rev/05/01.md +++ b/rev/05/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the same "one" as in [Revelation 4:2-3](../04/02.md). # sealed with seven seals "and it had seven seals keeping it closed" - diff --git a/rev/05/02.md b/rev/05/02.md index 4fce9b6b69..f3406e8b6d 100644 --- a/rev/05/02.md +++ b/rev/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The person would need to break the seals in order to open the scroll. Alternate # Who is worthy to open the scroll and break its seals? This can be translated as a command: "The one who is worthy to do this should come to break the seals and open the scroll!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rev/05/03.md b/rev/05/03.md index 7206f27844..62014b2fa1 100644 --- a/rev/05/03.md +++ b/rev/05/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # in heaven or on the earth or under the earth This means everywhere: the place where God and the angels live, the place where people and animals live, and the place where those who have died are. Alternate translation: "anywhere in heaven or on the earth or under the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/rev/05/04.md b/rev/05/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/05/04.md +++ b/rev/05/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/05/05.md b/rev/05/05.md index 7d10e99a7a..a7a46f0793 100644 --- a/rev/05/05.md +++ b/rev/05/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a title for the descendant of David that God had promised would be the g # the Root of David The descendant is spoken of as if David's family were a tree and he were a root of that tree. Alternate translation: "the Descendant of David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/05/06.md b/rev/05/06.md index fbaebe26c4..444e4b3342 100644 --- a/rev/05/06.md +++ b/rev/05/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The number seven is a symbol of completeness and perfection. The "seven spirits" # sent out into all the earth This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: "which God sent out over all the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/05/07.md b/rev/05/07.md index 54384b473a..06ce736837 100644 --- a/rev/05/07.md +++ b/rev/05/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He went He approached the throne. Some languages would use the verb "come." Alternate translation: "He came" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go]]) - diff --git a/rev/05/08.md b/rev/05/08.md index 5b9448564e..c6a8945212 100644 --- a/rev/05/08.md +++ b/rev/05/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "each of the elders and living creatures" or 2) "each o # a golden bowl full of incense, which are the prayers of God's holy people The incense here is a symbol for the believers' prayers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/05/09.md b/rev/05/09.md index b96369b431..f112335a13 100644 --- a/rev/05/09.md +++ b/rev/05/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Since blood represents a person's life, losing the blood represents dying. This # from every tribe, language, people, and nation This means that people from every ethnic group are included. - diff --git a/rev/05/10.md b/rev/05/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/05/10.md +++ b/rev/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/05/11.md b/rev/05/11.md index 811a511867..8d3718814e 100644 --- a/rev/05/11.md +++ b/rev/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # ten thousands of ten thousands and thousands of thousands Use an expression in your language that shows that it is a huge number. Alternate translation: "millions" or "too many thousands to count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/rev/05/12.md b/rev/05/12.md index eea7b52dcd..f4ed7ec2f8 100644 --- a/rev/05/12.md +++ b/rev/05/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to receive power, wealth, wisdom, strength, honor, glory, and praise These are all things that the Lamb has. Being praised for having them is spoken of as receiving them. This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns. See how you translated a similar sentence in [Revelation 4:11](../04/11.md). Alternate translation: "for everyone to honor, glorify, and praise him because he is powerful, wealthy, wise, and strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/rev/05/13.md b/rev/05/13.md index a4dfd29e55..e6191837a6 100644 --- a/rev/05/13.md +++ b/rev/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means everywhere: the place where God and the angels live, the place where # To the one who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be "May he who sits on the throne and the Lamb have" - diff --git a/rev/05/14.md b/rev/05/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/05/14.md +++ b/rev/05/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/05/intro.md b/rev/05/intro.md index 4e3901e0ec..bb2c9d8a17 100644 --- a/rev/05/intro.md +++ b/rev/05/intro.md @@ -1,30 +1,30 @@ # Revelation 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 9-13. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Sealed scroll +### Sealed scroll Kings and important people in John's time wrote important documents on large pieces of paper or animal skin. They then rolled them up and sealed them with wax so they would stay closed. Only the person to whom the document was written had the authority to open it by breaking the seal. In this chapter, "the one who was seated on the throne" had written the scroll. Only the person called "the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David" and "the Lamb" had the authority to open it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/scroll]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/authority]]) -#### Twenty-four elders +### Twenty-four elders Elders are church leaders. Twenty-four elders may be symbolic of the whole church through the ages. There were twelve tribes in Old Testament Israel and twelve apostles in the New Testament church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -#### Christian prayers +### Christian prayers The prayers of Christians are described as incense. Christian prayers have a good smell to God. He is pleased when Christians pray. -#### Seven spirits of God +### Seven spirits of God These spirits are the seven spirits of [Revelation 1:4](../../rev/01/04.md). -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphors +### Metaphors The "Lion of the tribe of Judah" and the "Root of David" are metaphors that refer to Jesus. Jesus descended from the tribe of Judah and the family of David. Lions are fierce, and all animals and people are afraid of them, so they are a metaphor for a king whom everyone obeys. The words "Root of David" speak of Israel's King David as if he were a seed that God had planted and of Jesus as if he were a root growing from that seed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ The "Lion of the tribe of Judah" and the "Root of David" are metaphors that refe * __[Revelation 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/06/01.md b/rev/06/01.md index efb50d6ca2..33694c00d5 100644 --- a/rev/06/01.md +++ b/rev/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John continues to describe the events that happened before the throne of God. Th # Come! This is a command to one person, apparently the rider of the white horse who is spoken of in verse 2. - diff --git a/rev/06/02.md b/rev/06/02.md index 86e7ea494e..227c737190 100644 --- a/rev/06/02.md +++ b/rev/06/02.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: "he received a crown" or "God gave him a crown" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # a crown -Crowns were wreaths of olive branches or laurel leaves and were given to victorious athletes to wear on their heads. The crown given to rider may have been hammered out in gold in the likeness of wreaths of olives branches or laurel leaves. +Crowns were wreaths of olive branches or laurel leaves and were given to victorious athletes to wear on their heads. The crown given to rider may have been hammered out in gold in the likeness of wreaths of olives branches or laurel leaves. diff --git a/rev/06/03.md b/rev/06/03.md index 5327c7e5fb..6717b5bb05 100644 --- a/rev/06/03.md +++ b/rev/06/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the second living creature "the next living creature" or "living creature number two" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/04.md b/rev/06/04.md index 30929f39e1..3ca4719e0a 100644 --- a/rev/06/04.md +++ b/rev/06/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated with an active verb. Alternate translation: "This rider recei # a huge sword "a very large sword" or "a great sword" - diff --git a/rev/06/05.md b/rev/06/05.md index 26e8d63404..65ee5a3aa7 100644 --- a/rev/06/05.md +++ b/rev/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # a pair of scales a tool used for weighing things - diff --git a/rev/06/06.md b/rev/06/06.md index bb3a175058..b645ac5fd6 100644 --- a/rev/06/06.md +++ b/rev/06/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ If the oil and wine were harmed, there would be less of them for people to buy, # the oil and the wine These expressions probably stand for the olive oil harvest and the grape harvest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/07.md b/rev/06/07.md index ab215dab9a..a96dd8ab81 100644 --- a/rev/06/07.md +++ b/rev/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the fourth living creature "the next living creature" or "living creature number four" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/08.md b/rev/06/08.md index 45db73e1a9..00cc386b45 100644 --- a/rev/06/08.md +++ b/rev/06/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A sword is a weapon, and here it represents war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs # with the wild animals of the earth This means that Death and Hades would cause the wild animals to attack and kill people. - diff --git a/rev/06/09.md b/rev/06/09.md index 09f2d76a5c..81515d134c 100644 --- a/rev/06/09.md +++ b/rev/06/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: "those whom o # because of the word of God and the testimony which they held Here "word of God" is a metonym for the message from God and "held" is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) holding the testimony refers to believing God's word and testimony. Alternate translation: "because of the teachings of scripture and what they taught about Jesus Christ" or "because they believed the word of God, which is his testimony" or 2) holding the testimony refers to testifying about the word of God. Alternate translation: "because they testified about the word of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/10.md b/rev/06/10.md index 8a480af98d..0349c53dbe 100644 --- a/rev/06/10.md +++ b/rev/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # avenge our blood The word blood here represents their deaths. Alternate translation: "punish those who killed us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/11.md b/rev/06/11.md index 4c7916fd7f..6fe601f6b8 100644 --- a/rev/06/11.md +++ b/rev/06/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "servants" and "brothers" refer to the same group. This can be stated in ac # brothers Christians are often spoken of as being one another's brothers. Females were among those spoken of here. Alternate translation: "fellow Christians" or "fellow believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/12.md b/rev/06/12.md index a6a7a3e40d..842fbe9a41 100644 --- a/rev/06/12.md +++ b/rev/06/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Sometimes sackcloth was made of black hair. People would wear sackcloth when the # like blood The image of blood is meant to lead people to think of death. How it was like blood can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "red like blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/13.md b/rev/06/13.md index a06f1fc28f..bfd920d421 100644 --- a/rev/06/13.md +++ b/rev/06/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # just as a fig tree drops its unripe figs when shaken by a stormy wind This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: ""just as figs do when a stormy wind shakes a fig tree and causes it to drop its unripe figs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/14.md b/rev/06/14.md index 31fbe2534e..4e387d1609 100644 --- a/rev/06/14.md +++ b/rev/06/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The sky vanished like a scroll that was being rolled up The sky was normally thought of as being as strong as a sheet of metal, but now it had become as weak as a sheet of paper and was easily torn and rolled up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/15.md b/rev/06/15.md index 29caf6a06a..8e5e9a0efc 100644 --- a/rev/06/15.md +++ b/rev/06/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ soldiers who command warriors during battle # caves large holes in the sides of hills - diff --git a/rev/06/16.md b/rev/06/16.md index 7382b29e05..93f3ccf43d 100644 --- a/rev/06/16.md +++ b/rev/06/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the face of the one Here "face" represents "presence." Alternate translation: "the presence of the one" or "the one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/17.md b/rev/06/17.md index a3e19b2468..4838cbfdfc 100644 --- a/rev/06/17.md +++ b/rev/06/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Existing now is spoken of as having come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaph # Who is able to stand? Surviving, or staying alive, is spoken of as if it were standing. This question is used to express great sadness and fear that no one will be able to survive when God punishes him. Alternate translation: "No one can survive." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rev/06/intro.md b/rev/06/intro.md index fa465f9a45..adec2bf1d4 100644 --- a/rev/06/intro.md +++ b/rev/06/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,27 @@ # Revelation 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The author describes what happened after the Lamb opens each of the first six seals. The Lamb does not open the seventh seal until Chapter 8. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Seven Seals -#### Seven Seals Kings and important people in John's time wrote important documents on large pieces of paper or animal skin. They then rolled them up and sealed them with wax so they would stay closed. Only the person to whom the document was written had the authority to open it by breaking the seal. In this chapter, the Lamb opens the seals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -#### The Four Horsemen +### The Four Horsemen + As the Lamb opens each of the first four seals, the author describes horsemen riding different colored horses. The colors of the horses seem to symbolize how the rider will affect the earth. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### The Lamb -#### The Lamb This refers to Jesus. In this chapter, it is also a title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lamb]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Similes +### Similes + In verses 12-14, the author uses several similes to try to describe the images he sees in the vision. He compares the images to everyday things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) ## Links: @@ -25,4 +29,3 @@ In verses 12-14, the author uses several similes to try to describe the images h * __[Revelation 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/07/01.md b/rev/07/01.md index ff92438459..afb0c73b2c 100644 --- a/rev/07/01.md +++ b/rev/07/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John begins to describe a vision of 144,000 servants of God who become marked wi # the four corners of the earth The earth is spoken of as if it were flat and square like a sheet of paper. The phrase "the four corners" refers to the north, south, east, and west. - diff --git a/rev/07/02.md b/rev/07/02.md index e20a26939d..48cf8c34ee 100644 --- a/rev/07/02.md +++ b/rev/07/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the seal of the living God The word "seal" here refers to a tool that is used to press a mark onto a wax seal. In this case the tool would be used to put a mark on God's people. Alternate translation: "the marker of the living God" or "the stamp of the living God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/07/03.md b/rev/07/03.md index c3277dfefd..07f7dd4414 100644 --- a/rev/07/03.md +++ b/rev/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "seal" here refers to a mark. This mark shows that the people belong to # foreheads The forehead is the top of the face, above the eyes. - diff --git a/rev/07/04.md b/rev/07/04.md index e5c762837a..afc0dff4e2 100644 --- a/rev/07/04.md +++ b/rev/07/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated with an active verb. Alternate translation: "those whom God's # 144,000 "one hundred forty-four thousand people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/rev/07/05.md b/rev/07/05.md index 87b83a169f..c2c0b2e001 100644 --- a/rev/07/05.md +++ b/rev/07/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # twelve thousand from ... Judah were sealed This can be translated in active form. See how you translated similar words in [Revelation 7:4](./04.md). Alternate translation: "God's angel marked twelve thousand from ... Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/07/06.md b/rev/07/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/07/06.md +++ b/rev/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/07/07.md b/rev/07/07.md index a58d112adf..0fd25bb93e 100644 --- a/rev/07/07.md +++ b/rev/07/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: This continues the list of the people of Israel who were sealed. - diff --git a/rev/07/08.md b/rev/07/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/07/08.md +++ b/rev/07/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/07/09.md b/rev/07/09.md index 08d8423138..4a6b7784c4 100644 --- a/rev/07/09.md +++ b/rev/07/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John begins to describe a second vision about a multitude praising God. This vis # white robes Here the color "white" represents purity. - diff --git a/rev/07/10.md b/rev/07/10.md index eae7da80ec..c99fd026a2 100644 --- a/rev/07/10.md +++ b/rev/07/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Salvation belongs to our God, who is seated on the throne, and to the Lamb! They were praising God and the Lamb. The noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verb "save." Alternate translation: "Our God, who sits on the throne, and the Lamb have saved us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/rev/07/11.md b/rev/07/11.md index f9dff0aab6..6bbe6d1ec3 100644 --- a/rev/07/11.md +++ b/rev/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the four creatures mentioned in [Revelation 4:6-8](../04/06.md). # they fell on their faces Here "fell on their faces" is an idiom that means they lay down facing the ground. See how you translated "prostrated themselves" in [Revelation 4:10](../04/10.md). Alternate translation: "they bowed down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rev/07/12.md b/rev/07/12.md index 310ab6844a..e5f10430df 100644 --- a/rev/07/12.md +++ b/rev/07/12.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # Praise, glory, wisdom, thanksgiving, honor, power, and strength be to our God + "Our God is worthy of all praise, glory, wisdom, thanks, honor, power and strength" or "We must give praise, glory, thanks, and honor to our God" # forever and ever These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the praise will never end. - diff --git a/rev/07/13.md b/rev/07/13.md index 7b6d799f34..64f0c0673a 100644 --- a/rev/07/13.md +++ b/rev/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these, clothed with white robes The white robes showed that these people were righteous. - diff --git a/rev/07/14.md b/rev/07/14.md index e1cb804ee5..a43fb45063 100644 --- a/rev/07/14.md +++ b/rev/07/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ People who have been made righteous by the blood of the Lamb are spoken of as if # the blood of the Lamb The word "blood" is used to refer to the death of Lamb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/07/15.md b/rev/07/15.md index e8dd3f09d8..e0f6d55398 100644 --- a/rev/07/15.md +++ b/rev/07/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two parts of the day are used together to mean "all the time" or "without # will spread his tent over them "will put his tent up over them." Protecting them is spoken of as if it were giving them shelter to live under. Alternate translation: "will shelter them" or "will protect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/07/16.md b/rev/07/16.md index c19e13cf48..94a8d69ad7 100644 --- a/rev/07/16.md +++ b/rev/07/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to those people who have come through the great tribulation. # The sun will not beat down The sun's heat no longer causing people to suffer is spoken of as if the sun would not beat down on them. Alternate translation: "The sun will not burn them" or "The sun will not make them weak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/07/17.md b/rev/07/17.md index e6fd479271..b4f12f02cf 100644 --- a/rev/07/17.md +++ b/rev/07/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The elder speaks of what gives life as if it were springs of fresh water. Altern # God will wipe away every tear from their eyes Tears here represent sadness. Alternate translation: "God will wipe away their sadness, like wiping away tears" or "God will cause them to not be sad anymore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/07/intro.md b/rev/07/intro.md index ca36f02622..8a85a8b367 100644 --- a/rev/07/intro.md +++ b/rev/07/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Revelation 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Scholars have interpreted parts of this chapter in many different ways. Translators do not need to fully understand what this chapter means to accurately translate its contents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) @@ -10,14 +10,16 @@ Translators should be aware that the tribes of the people of Israel are not list Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 5-8 and 15-17. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Worship -#### Worship God saves his people and keeps them through times of trouble. His people respond by worshipping him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worship]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### The Lamb -#### The Lamb This refers to Jesus. In this chapter, it is also a title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -25,4 +27,3 @@ This refers to Jesus. In this chapter, it is also a title for Jesus. (See: [[rc: * __[Revelation 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/08/01.md b/rev/08/01.md index 9dd5b4f31b..c0533ff91f 100644 --- a/rev/08/01.md +++ b/rev/08/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The Lamb opens the seventh seal. # the seventh seal This is the last of the seven seals on the scroll. Alternate translation: "the next seal" or "the final seal" or "seal number seven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]]) - diff --git a/rev/08/02.md b/rev/08/02.md index 53b123c034..67e794ea9f 100644 --- a/rev/08/02.md +++ b/rev/08/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # seven trumpets were given to them They were each given one trumpet. This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "God gave them seven trumpets" or 2) "the Lamb gave them seven trumpets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/08/03.md b/rev/08/03.md index 8339b90ac2..a9e2c5781b 100644 --- a/rev/08/03.md +++ b/rev/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he would offer it "he would offer the incense to God by burning it" - diff --git a/rev/08/04.md b/rev/08/04.md index e76082b006..2d74aa674c 100644 --- a/rev/08/04.md +++ b/rev/08/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the angel's hand This refers to the bowl in the angel's hand. Alternate translation: "the bowl in the angel's hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/08/05.md b/rev/08/05.md index 52448ac61e..9b6167925c 100644 --- a/rev/08/05.md +++ b/rev/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # filled it with fire The word "fire" here probably refers to burning coals. Alternate translation: "filled it with burning coals" or "filled it with coals of fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/08/06.md b/rev/08/06.md index 188ae4b6d7..0c18708963 100644 --- a/rev/08/06.md +++ b/rev/08/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: The seven angels sound the seven trumpets, one at a time. - diff --git a/rev/08/07.md b/rev/08/07.md index f91777f9d0..0b5882b8f9 100644 --- a/rev/08/07.md +++ b/rev/08/07.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The angel threw the h This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it burned up a third of the earth, a third of the trees, and all the green grass" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # a third -"A third" is a fraction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) +"A third" is a fraction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) diff --git a/rev/08/08.md b/rev/08/08.md index 50d98ba6bf..2ef4263bf9 100644 --- a/rev/08/08.md +++ b/rev/08/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the angel threw somet # became blood Possible meanings are it 1) "became red like blood" or it 2) really became blood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/08/09.md b/rev/08/09.md index 8ae4d403b1..b9bdb83cfb 100644 --- a/rev/08/09.md +++ b/rev/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the living creatures in the sea "the things living in the sea" or "the fish and other animals that lived in the sea" - diff --git a/rev/08/10.md b/rev/08/10.md index 6d7c58b4ab..4d696f5de1 100644 --- a/rev/08/10.md +++ b/rev/08/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # torch a stick with one end lit on fire to provide light - diff --git a/rev/08/11.md b/rev/08/11.md index 6ba4b5d4c9..748c4e7656 100644 --- a/rev/08/11.md +++ b/rev/08/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The bitter taste of the water is spoken of as if it were wormwood. Alternate tra # died from the waters that became bitter "died when they drank the bitter water" - diff --git a/rev/08/12.md b/rev/08/12.md index e0177dfa2e..682fadf460 100644 --- a/rev/08/12.md +++ b/rev/08/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "one third of the time they were dark" or 2) "one third # a third of the day and a third of the night had no light "there was no light during one third of the day and one third of the night" or "they did not shine during one third of the day and one third of the night" - diff --git a/rev/08/13.md b/rev/08/13.md index 09441017c8..85d956b33b 100644 --- a/rev/08/13.md +++ b/rev/08/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # because of the remaining trumpet blasts that are about to be sounded by the three angels This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because the three angels who have not yet sounded their trumpets are about to sound them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/08/intro.md b/rev/08/intro.md index 5018937fcd..4e853bdfb1 100644 --- a/rev/08/intro.md +++ b/rev/08/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Revelation 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Seven seals and seven trumpets -#### Seven seals and seven trumpets This chapter begins to show what happens when the Lamb opens the seventh seal. God uses the prayers of all believers to cause dramatic things to happen on earth. John then describes what happens when angels sound the first four of seven trumpets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Similes -In verses 8 and 10, John uses similes to try to describe the images he sees in the vision. He compares the images to everyday things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) +### Similes + +In verses 8 and 10, John uses similes to try to describe the images he sees in the vision. He compares the images to everyday things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) ## Links: * __[Revelation 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/09/01.md b/rev/09/01.md index 93d0f9c0f0..00e3b003f9 100644 --- a/rev/09/01.md +++ b/rev/09/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "shaft" is another way of referring to the pit and desc # the bottomless pit This is an extremely deep, narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no bottom; it continues to go down further forever or 2) the pit is so deep that it is as if it had no bottom. - diff --git a/rev/09/02.md b/rev/09/02.md index 43f4c4b3e8..de59d7d311 100644 --- a/rev/09/02.md +++ b/rev/09/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A huge furnace gives off a great amount of thick, dark smoke. Alternate translat # turned dark "became dark" - diff --git a/rev/09/03.md b/rev/09/03.md index 491c05251c..66aacf3bec 100644 --- a/rev/09/03.md +++ b/rev/09/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Scorpions have the ability to sting and poison other animals and people. Alterna # scorpions small insects with poisonous stingers on their tails. Their sting is extremely painful and the pain lasts a long time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/09/04.md b/rev/09/04.md index 30ba885f68..60bdfcd8ab 100644 --- a/rev/09/04.md +++ b/rev/09/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "seal" refers a mark that would be left by a tool being pressed into a # foreheads The forehead is the top of the face, above the eyes. - diff --git a/rev/09/05.md b/rev/09/05.md index 0fae07f922..a4690a61e4 100644 --- a/rev/09/05.md +++ b/rev/09/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The locusts would be allowed to do this for five months. # the sting of a scorpion A scorpion is a small insect with a poisonous stinger at the end of its long tail. The sting can cause severe pain or even death. - diff --git a/rev/09/06.md b/rev/09/06.md index 4733d7b177..b6be8cfb1a 100644 --- a/rev/09/06.md +++ b/rev/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "death." Alternate translation: # death will flee from them John speaks of death as if it were a person or animal that could run away. Alternate translation: "they will not be able to die" or "they will not die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rev/09/07.md b/rev/09/07.md index 678bd78d14..8e337c6224 100644 --- a/rev/09/07.md +++ b/rev/09/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These locusts did not look like ordinary locusts. John describes them by telling # crowns of gold These were likenesses of wreaths of olive branches or laurel leaves, hammered out in gold. Examples actually made of leaves were given to victorious athletes to wear on their heads. - diff --git a/rev/09/08.md b/rev/09/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/09/08.md +++ b/rev/09/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/09/09.md b/rev/09/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/09/09.md +++ b/rev/09/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/09/10.md b/rev/09/10.md index c83a0b2250..bea0871a29 100644 --- a/rev/09/10.md +++ b/rev/09/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A scorpion is a small insect with a poisonous stinger at the end of its long tai # in their tails they had power to harm people for five months Possible meanings are 1) they had power for five months to harm people or 2) they could sting people and the people would be in pain for five months. - diff --git a/rev/09/11.md b/rev/09/11.md index 7e8b01e335..b3a4e6da87 100644 --- a/rev/09/11.md +++ b/rev/09/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an extremely deep, narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no # Abaddon ... Apollyon Both names mean "Destroyer." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) - diff --git a/rev/09/12.md b/rev/09/12.md index a1760a0fbd..338f932706 100644 --- a/rev/09/12.md +++ b/rev/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there are still two disasters to come Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/09/13.md b/rev/09/13.md index 3fd57a0f4b..f626d20725 100644 --- a/rev/09/13.md +++ b/rev/09/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The voice refers to the one who was speaking. John does not say who the speaker # horns of the golden altar These are horn-shaped extensions at each of the four corners of the top of the altar. - diff --git a/rev/09/14.md b/rev/09/14.md index 4bbe896d81..2b7224a866 100644 --- a/rev/09/14.md +++ b/rev/09/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the four angels who had been bound This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "the four angels whom God had commanded someone to bind" or "the four angels whom God bound" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/09/15.md b/rev/09/15.md index eadcfc93ba..1cc1d4aa2c 100644 --- a/rev/09/15.md +++ b/rev/09/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "The four angels # for that hour, that day, that month, and that year These words are used to show that the time to release the angels is a specific, chosen time and not just any time. Alternate translation: "for that exact time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/rev/09/16.md b/rev/09/16.md index 40e4ca974a..7c5023c03e 100644 --- a/rev/09/16.md +++ b/rev/09/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Suddenly, 200,000,000 soldiers on horseback appear in John's vision. John is no # 200,000,000 Some ways to express this are: "two hundred million" or "two hundred thousand thousand" or "twenty thousand times ten thousand." If your language does not have a specific number for this, you could also see how you translated a similar large number in [Revelation 5:11](../05/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/rev/09/17.md b/rev/09/17.md index 2de35f8670..d02bd44b3e 100644 --- a/rev/09/17.md +++ b/rev/09/17.md @@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ "red like fire" or "bright red." See how you translated this in [Revelation 6:3](../06/03.md). - # out of their mouths came fire, smoke, and sulfur "fire, smoke, and sulfur came out of their mouths" - diff --git a/rev/09/18.md b/rev/09/18.md index 0b6bdf313b..7bedb3d243 100644 --- a/rev/09/18.md +++ b/rev/09/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John continues to describe the horses and the plagues brought upon humanity. # A third of the people "One third of the people." See how you translated "A third" in [Revelation 8:7](../08/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/rev/09/19.md b/rev/09/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/09/19.md +++ b/rev/09/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/09/20.md b/rev/09/20.md index 2489f7301e..b13fbf3469 100644 --- a/rev/09/20.md +++ b/rev/09/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "hand" here is a metonym for the person whose hands they are. Alternate # things that cannot see, hear, or walk This phrase reminds us that idols are not alive and do not deserve to be worshiped. But the people did not stop worshiping them. Alternate translation: "even though idols cannot see, hear, or walk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish]]) - diff --git a/rev/09/21.md b/rev/09/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/09/21.md +++ b/rev/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/09/intro.md b/rev/09/intro.md index e48f7554e1..a1ee0fd4bd 100644 --- a/rev/09/intro.md +++ b/rev/09/intro.md @@ -1,30 +1,35 @@ # Revelation 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter, John continues to describe what happens when angels sound seven trumpets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -#### Woe +### Woe + John describes several "woes" in the Book of Revelation. This chapter begins to describe three "woes" announced at the end of Chapter 8. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Animal imagery -This chapter includes several animals: locusts, scorpions, horses, lions, and snakes. These animals represent different qualities or traits. For example, a lion is powerful and dangerous. Translators should use the same animals in their translation if possible. If the animal is unknown, one with similar qualities or traits should be used. +### Animal imagery -#### Bottomless pit -This image is seen several times in the Book of Revelation. It is a picture of hell as being inescapable and the opposite direction as heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hell]]) +This chapter includes several animals: locusts, scorpions, horses, lions, and snakes. These animals represent different qualities or traits. For example, a lion is powerful and dangerous. Translators should use the same animals in their translation if possible. If the animal is unknown, one with similar qualities or traits should be used. -#### Abaddon and Apollyon +### Bottomless pit + +This image is seen several times in the Book of Revelation. It is a picture of hell as being inescapable and the opposite direction as heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hell]]) + +### Abaddon and Apollyon "Abaddon" is a Hebrew word. "Apollyon" is a Greek word. Both words mean "Destroyer." John used the sounds of the Hebrew word and wrote them with Greek letters. The ULB and UDB write the sounds of both words with English letters. Translators are encouraged to transliterate these words using the letters of the target language. The original Greek readers would have understood "Apollyon" to mean "Destroyer." So translators may also supply what it means in the text or in a footnote. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) -#### Repentance -Despite great signs, people are described as not repenting and so remain in their sin. People refusing to repent are also mentioned in Chapter 16. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +### Repentance -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +Despite great signs, people are described as not repenting and so remain in their sin. People refusing to repent are also mentioned in Chapter 16. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Simile -#### Simile John uses many similes in this chapter. They help to describe the images that he sees in his vision. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) ## Links: @@ -32,4 +37,3 @@ John uses many similes in this chapter. They help to describe the images that he * __[Revelation 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/10/01.md b/rev/10/01.md index e8d0536963..5a6ae25d6c 100644 --- a/rev/10/01.md +++ b/rev/10/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ John compares the brightness of his face with the brightness of the sun. Alterna # his feet were like pillars of fire The word "feet" here refers to the legs. Alternate translation: "his legs were like pillars of fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/10/02.md b/rev/10/02.md index 7c6287946d..a132505034 100644 --- a/rev/10/02.md +++ b/rev/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He put his right foot on the sea and his left foot on the land "He stood with his right foot on the sea and his left foot on the land" - diff --git a/rev/10/03.md b/rev/10/03.md index e888d005db..0e881eb316 100644 --- a/rev/10/03.md +++ b/rev/10/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The thunder is described as if it were a person who could speak. Alternate trans # seven thunders Thunder occurring seven times is spoken of as if it were seven different "thunders." - diff --git a/rev/10/04.md b/rev/10/04.md index cd5139703f..2d102c3d12 100644 --- a/rev/10/04.md +++ b/rev/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "voice" refers to words spoken by someone other than the angel. Alterna # Seal up People in John's day would write a message on a scroll and then seal the scroll so that only the person whom the writers wanted to open it were able to open it. This is a metaphor for keeping something secret. Alternate translation: "Keep secret" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/10/05.md b/rev/10/05.md index f717449f5a..a79e98af89 100644 --- a/rev/10/05.md +++ b/rev/10/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # raised his right hand to heaven He did this to show that he was swearing by God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/rev/10/06.md b/rev/10/06.md index 5bbe3bb71f..a859ad89bb 100644 --- a/rev/10/06.md +++ b/rev/10/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the one" refers to God. # There will be no more delay "There will be no more waiting" or "God will not delay" - diff --git a/rev/10/07.md b/rev/10/07.md index be1c2307d3..c07a264115 100644 --- a/rev/10/07.md +++ b/rev/10/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the mystery of God will be accomplished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will accomplish his mystery" or "God will complete his secret plan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/10/08.md b/rev/10/08.md index aea4535204..e5d2a569ce 100644 --- a/rev/10/08.md +++ b/rev/10/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "voice" refers to the speaker. Alternate translation: "The one I heard # I heard John heard - diff --git a/rev/10/09.md b/rev/10/09.md index 8be620b497..4a52066d5b 100644 --- a/rev/10/09.md +++ b/rev/10/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # make ... bitter "make ... sour" or "make ... acid." This refers to a bad taste from the stomach after eating something that is not good. - diff --git a/rev/10/10.md b/rev/10/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/10/10.md +++ b/rev/10/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/10/11.md b/rev/10/11.md index 95332cbf62..7796bb936b 100644 --- a/rev/10/11.md +++ b/rev/10/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # languages This refers to the people who speak the languages. Alternate translation: "language communities" or "groups of people who speak their own languages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/10/intro.md b/rev/10/intro.md index b12f116009..ae561a0b3d 100644 --- a/rev/10/intro.md +++ b/rev/10/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ # Revelation 10 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Seven thunders -#### Seven thunders John here describes the seven thunders as making sounds that he could understand as words. However, translators should use their normal word for "thunder" when translating these verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -#### "The mystery of God" +### "The mystery of God" + This refers to some aspect of the hidden plan of God. It is not necessary to know what this mystery is to translate it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Simile -#### Simile John uses similes to help him describe the face, legs, and voice of the mighty angel. Translators should understand other objects in this chapter, such as the rainbow and the cloud, with their normal meanings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) ## Links: @@ -18,4 +21,3 @@ John uses similes to help him describe the face, legs, and voice of the mighty a * __[Revelation 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/11/01.md b/rev/11/01.md index 1b783914d0..af40528f18 100644 --- a/rev/11/01.md +++ b/rev/11/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "me" and "I" refer to John. # those who worship in it "count those who worship in the temple" - diff --git a/rev/11/02.md b/rev/11/02.md index 38480952b4..5fa4d1bfea 100644 --- a/rev/11/02.md +++ b/rev/11/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ to treat something as worthless by walking on it # forty-two months "42 months" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/03.md b/rev/11/03.md index f5ed552019..02002ab90e 100644 --- a/rev/11/03.md +++ b/rev/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God continues speaking to John. # days, clothed in sackcloth Why they will wear sackcloth can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "days, wearing rough mourning clothes" or "days. They will wear scratchy clothes to show that they are very sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/04.md b/rev/11/04.md index 2f268824a4..dd34f9facd 100644 --- a/rev/11/04.md +++ b/rev/11/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The two olive trees and the two lampstands symbolize these people, but they are # the two olive trees and the two lampstands that John expects his readers to know about them because many years earlier another prophet had written about them. Alternate translation: "the two olive trees and the two lampstands, told about in scripture, that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/05.md b/rev/11/05.md index c54d2faca4..6459afda4b 100644 --- a/rev/11/05.md +++ b/rev/11/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Because this is about future events, it can also be stated in the future tense. # fire comes ... and devours their enemies Fire burning and killing people is spoken of as if it were an animal that could eat them up. Alternate translation: "fire will come ... and destroy their enemies" or "fire will come ... and completely burn up their enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/06.md b/rev/11/06.md index cbbb023553..97962c93b8 100644 --- a/rev/11/06.md +++ b/rev/11/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ John speaks of the sky as if it had a door that can be opened to let rain fall o # to strike the earth with every kind of plague John speaks of the plagues as if they were a stick that someone could hit the earth with. Alternate translation: "to cause all kinds of trouble to occur on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/07.md b/rev/11/07.md index e1d3587ae4..f0945030ae 100644 --- a/rev/11/07.md +++ b/rev/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bottomless pit This is an extremely deep, narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no bottom; it continues to go down further forever or 2) the pit is so deep that it is as if it had no bottom. See how you translated this in [Revelation 9:1](../09/01.md). - diff --git a/rev/11/08.md b/rev/11/08.md index b25e129fcd..12e431da59 100644 --- a/rev/11/08.md +++ b/rev/11/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The city had more than one street. This was a public place where people could se # their Lord They served the Lord, and, like him, would die in that city. - diff --git a/rev/11/09.md b/rev/11/09.md index 7f6118fa21..8719476588 100644 --- a/rev/11/09.md +++ b/rev/11/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They will not permit them to be placed in a tomb This will be a sign of disrespect. - diff --git a/rev/11/10.md b/rev/11/10.md index e7b9f8a04f..ab500597a4 100644 --- a/rev/11/10.md +++ b/rev/11/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This action shows how happy the people were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translat # because these two prophets tormented those who lived on the earth This is the reason that the people will be so happy that the witnesses have died. - diff --git a/rev/11/11.md b/rev/11/11.md index 915f9b7f94..546ea54c3f 100644 --- a/rev/11/11.md +++ b/rev/11/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The ability to breathe is spoken of as if it were something that can go into peo # Great fear will fall on those who see them Fear is spoken of as if it is a object that can fall on people. Alternate translation: "Those who see them will be extremely afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/12.md b/rev/11/12.md index 5e13095981..0b35835328 100644 --- a/rev/11/12.md +++ b/rev/11/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "voice" refers to the one who speaks. Alternate translation: "someone s # say to them "say to the two witnesses" - diff --git a/rev/11/13.md b/rev/11/13.md index 0436a98b65..991c07f289 100644 --- a/rev/11/13.md +++ b/rev/11/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # give glory to the God of heaven "say that the God of heaven is glorious" - diff --git a/rev/11/14.md b/rev/11/14.md index 3f664d8d48..df0908c61d 100644 --- a/rev/11/14.md +++ b/rev/11/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # The third woe is coming quickly Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. Alternate translation: "The third woe will happen soon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/15.md b/rev/11/15.md index 17f99de978..92a717df0c 100644 --- a/rev/11/15.md +++ b/rev/11/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "kingdom" refers to the authority to rule the world. Alternate translation: # the world This refers to everyone in the world. Alternate translation: "everyone in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/16.md b/rev/11/16.md index ec4de680bd..b006414e5e 100644 --- a/rev/11/16.md +++ b/rev/11/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # fell upon their faces This is an idiom that means they lay down facing the ground. See how you translated "prostrated themselves" in [Revelation 4:10](../04/10.md). Alternate translation: "bowed down" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/17.md b/rev/11/17.md index 47b12dc0c2..5811d6441a 100644 --- a/rev/11/17.md +++ b/rev/11/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These phrases can be stated as sentences. Alternate translation: "you, Lord God, # you have taken your great power What God did with his great power can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "you have defeated with your power everyone who has rebelled against you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/18.md b/rev/11/18.md index c5093283e9..c34ef82e9f 100644 --- a/rev/11/18.md +++ b/rev/11/18.md @@ -19,11 +19,13 @@ Existing in the present is spoken of as having come. Alternate translation: "You Existing in the present is spoken of as having come. Alternate translation: "The time is right" or "Now is the time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # for the dead to be judged + This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for God to judge the dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # the dead + This nominal adjective can be stated as a verb or adjective. Alternate translation: "Those who have died" or "the dead people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) + # the prophets, those who are believers, and those who feared your name This list explains what "your servants" means. These were not three completely different groups of people. The prophets also were believers and feared God's name. "Name" here is a metonym for the person of Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: "the prophets, those who are believers, and those who fear you" or "the prophets and the others who are believers and fear your name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/11/19.md b/rev/11/19.md index 7020d30dba..79adf27558 100644 --- a/rev/11/19.md +++ b/rev/11/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Use your language's way of describing what lightning looks like each time it app # rumblings, crashes of thunder These are the loud noises that thunder makes. Use your language's way of describing the sound of thunder. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:5](../04/05.md). - diff --git a/rev/11/intro.md b/rev/11/intro.md index 8f225851db..5ac8808197 100644 --- a/rev/11/intro.md +++ b/rev/11/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ # Revelation 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 15 and 17-18. -#### Woe +### Woe John describes several "woes" in the book of Revelation. This chapter describes a second and third "woe" announced at the end of Chapter 8. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Gentiles -The word "Gentiles" here refers to ungodly people groups and not Gentile Christians. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) +### Gentiles -#### Two witnesses -Scholars have suggested many different ideas about these two witnesses. Translators do not need to understand this passage to accurately translate it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) +The word "Gentiles" here refers to ungodly people groups and not Gentile Christians. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) + +### Two witnesses + +Scholars have suggested many different ideas about these two witnesses. Translators do not need to understand this passage to accurately translate it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) + +### Bottomless pit -#### Bottomless pit This image is seen several times in the Book of Revelation. It is a picture of hell as being inescapable and the opposite direction as heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hell]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +27,3 @@ This image is seen several times in the Book of Revelation. It is a picture of h * __[Revelation 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/12/01.md b/rev/12/01.md index 1fa9aaf734..ef9df9bf65 100644 --- a/rev/12/01.md +++ b/rev/12/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This was apparently a likeness of a wreath made of laurel leaves or olive branch # twelve stars "12 stars" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/02.md b/rev/12/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/12/02.md +++ b/rev/12/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/12/03.md b/rev/12/03.md index ef469ea25f..88c7348d8d 100644 --- a/rev/12/03.md +++ b/rev/12/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John describes a dragon that appears in his vision. # dragon This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/04.md b/rev/12/04.md index 63551309ce..e23ab46243 100644 --- a/rev/12/04.md +++ b/rev/12/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a third "one third." See how you translated this in [Revelation 8:7](../08/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/05.md b/rev/12/05.md index ac6716d06f..0ab28fa5f0 100644 --- a/rev/12/05.md +++ b/rev/12/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ruling harshly is spoken of as ruling with an iron rod. See how you translated a # Her child was snatched away to God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God quickly took her child to himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/06.md b/rev/12/06.md index 0f8beea3a2..721c9ab1f3 100644 --- a/rev/12/06.md +++ b/rev/12/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # for 1,260 days "for one thousand two hundred and sixty days" or "for twelve hundred and sixty days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/07.md b/rev/12/07.md index 556ff82e72..d32501bd15 100644 --- a/rev/12/07.md +++ b/rev/12/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John uses this word to mark a shift in his account to introduce something else h # dragon This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. The dragon is also identified in verse 9 as "the devil or Satan." See how you translated this in [Revelation 12:3](../12/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/08.md b/rev/12/08.md index 0b4270017b..04b4c69f2e 100644 --- a/rev/12/08.md +++ b/rev/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So there was no longer any place in heaven for him and his angels "So the dragon and his angels could no longer stay in heaven" - diff --git a/rev/12/09.md b/rev/12/09.md index 0056a10cf3..8a6573b4a4 100644 --- a/rev/12/09.md +++ b/rev/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The information about the serpent can be given in a separate sentence after the # The great dragon ... was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God threw the great dragon ... and his angels out of heaven and sent them to the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/10.md b/rev/12/10.md index e39ae9d15b..a1919dd7a1 100644 --- a/rev/12/10.md +++ b/rev/12/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Fellow believers are spoken of as if they were brothers. Alternate translation: # day and night These two parts of the day are used together to mean "all the time" or "without stopping" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/11.md b/rev/12/11.md index 1d1412d53a..d9daa50552 100644 --- a/rev/12/11.md +++ b/rev/12/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "testimony" can be expressed with the verb "testify." Also, whom they t # even to death The believers told the truth about Jesus, even though they knew that their enemies might try to kill them because of it. Alternate translation: "but kept testifying even though they knew that doing so might cause their death" - diff --git a/rev/12/12.md b/rev/12/12.md index 6b43396384..885f59abf5 100644 --- a/rev/12/12.md +++ b/rev/12/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He is filled with terrible anger The devil is spoken of as if he were a container, and anger is spoken of as if it were a liquid that could be in him. Alternate translation: "He is terribly angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/13.md b/rev/12/13.md index 0095c36274..952d7465e9 100644 --- a/rev/12/13.md +++ b/rev/12/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the dragon realized t # dragon This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. The dragon is also identified in verse 9 as "the devil or Satan." See how you translated this in [Revelation 12:3](../12/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/14.md b/rev/12/14.md index 18a1c6c2a5..7b6f387a89 100644 --- a/rev/12/14.md +++ b/rev/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the serpent's presence This is another way of referring to the dragon. Alternate translation: "the dragon's presence" - diff --git a/rev/12/15.md b/rev/12/15.md index f1f609205b..d2b068aef6 100644 --- a/rev/12/15.md +++ b/rev/12/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The water flowed from his mouth like a river flows. Alternate translation: "pour # to sweep her away "to wash her away" - diff --git a/rev/12/16.md b/rev/12/16.md index d0f8b24186..84260e8eb6 100644 --- a/rev/12/16.md +++ b/rev/12/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The earth is spoken of as if it were a living thing, and a hole in the earth is # dragon This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. The dragon is also identified in verse 9 as "the devil or Satan." See how you translated this in [Revelation 12:3](../12/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/12/17.md b/rev/12/17.md index cb629b581d..000e49650a 100644 --- a/rev/12/17.md +++ b/rev/12/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # hold to the testimony about Jesus The word "testimony" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "continue to testify about Jesus" - diff --git a/rev/12/18.md b/rev/12/18.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/12/18.md +++ b/rev/12/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/12/intro.md b/rev/12/intro.md index e3899c3706..037c00eb8c 100644 --- a/rev/12/intro.md +++ b/rev/12/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Revelation 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 10-12. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Serpent -#### Serpent The Book of Revelation uses imagery from the Old Testament. For example, John refers to Satan as the serpent. This image comes from the account of the Garden of Eden when Satan tempted Eve. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "A great sign was seen in heaven" -#### "A great sign was seen in heaven" By using the passive voice here, John does not say who saw this great sign in heaven. The translation may be difficult when the subject is unclear, if your language does not have a passive voice. Many English translations use the past tense here and say "A great sign appeared in heaven." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ By using the passive voice here, John does not say who saw this great sign in he * __[Revelation 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/13/01.md b/rev/13/01.md index 63361bf2aa..a1bb16c568 100644 --- a/rev/13/01.md +++ b/rev/13/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: John begins to describe a beast who appears in his vision. The word "I" here refers to John. - diff --git a/rev/13/02.md b/rev/13/02.md index fa8647876b..d698ca1999 100644 --- a/rev/13/02.md +++ b/rev/13/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These are three ways of referring to his authority, and together they emphasize # his throne The word "throne" here refers to the dragon's authority to rule as king. Alternate translation: "his royal authority" or "his authority to rule as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/13/03.md b/rev/13/03.md index 2925162e1c..c35a6c15e8 100644 --- a/rev/13/03.md +++ b/rev/13/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "earth" refers to the people on it. Alternate translation: "All the peo # followed the beast "obeyed the beast" - diff --git a/rev/13/04.md b/rev/13/04.md index 636dc9742b..163740e8bc 100644 --- a/rev/13/04.md +++ b/rev/13/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This question shows how amazed they were about the beast. Alternate translation: # Who can fight against it? This question shows how much the people feared the power of the beast. Alternate translation: "No one could ever fight against the beast and win!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rev/13/05.md b/rev/13/05.md index 111ca36c3c..215b06ddbd 100644 --- a/rev/13/05.md +++ b/rev/13/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being given a mouth refers to being allowed to speak. Alternate translation: "Th # forty-two months "42 months" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/rev/13/06.md b/rev/13/06.md index 688c1974e4..55e1709f37 100644 --- a/rev/13/06.md +++ b/rev/13/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God's name is a metonym for God himself. Alternate translation: "blaspheming God # his name and his tabernacle, those who live in heaven Some modern translations read, "his name, his tabernacle, and those who live in heaven." - diff --git a/rev/13/07.md b/rev/13/07.md index 9b59554c58..b685e16723 100644 --- a/rev/13/07.md +++ b/rev/13/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God gave authority to # every tribe, people, language, and nation This means that people from every ethnic group are included. See how you translated a similar list in [Revelation 5:9](../05/09.md). - diff --git a/rev/13/08.md b/rev/13/08.md index eaebe3bf2f..3ab4043854 100644 --- a/rev/13/08.md +++ b/rev/13/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A "lamb" is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See # who had been slaughtered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the people slaughtered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/13/09.md b/rev/13/09.md index e760e65340..4af8e2319c 100644 --- a/rev/13/09.md +++ b/rev/13/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Jesus is emphasizing that what he is about to say is important. The phrase "has # If anyone ... let him hear Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated this phrase in [Revelation 2:7](../02/07.md). Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/rev/13/10.md b/rev/13/10.md index 864b55e80f..f9a4ceabfb 100644 --- a/rev/13/10.md +++ b/rev/13/10.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the enemy will kill h # Here is a call for the patient endurance and faith of God's holy people "God's holy people must endure patiently and be faithful" - diff --git a/rev/13/11.md b/rev/13/11.md index ecefe99333..cba3b54100 100644 --- a/rev/13/11.md +++ b/rev/13/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Harsh speech is spoken of as if it were the roar of a dragon. Alternate translat # dragon This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. The dragon is also identified as "the devil or Satan." See how you translated this in [Revelation 12:3](../12/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/13/12.md b/rev/13/12.md index 854f6090f9..ab4f2e1d56 100644 --- a/rev/13/12.md +++ b/rev/13/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the one who had a let # lethal wound "deadly wound." This was an injury that was serious enough that it could have made him die. - diff --git a/rev/13/13.md b/rev/13/13.md index d9fe95e16f..886e7d51c2 100644 --- a/rev/13/13.md +++ b/rev/13/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He performed "The beast from the earth performed" - diff --git a/rev/13/14.md b/rev/13/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/13/14.md +++ b/rev/13/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/13/15.md b/rev/13/15.md index 244963d743..1d1e78d162 100644 --- a/rev/13/15.md +++ b/rev/13/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the image of the first beast that had been mentioned. # cause all who refused to worship the beast to be killed "put to death anyone who refused to worship the first beast" - diff --git a/rev/13/16.md b/rev/13/16.md index fe2c4a6648..193a1e5558 100644 --- a/rev/13/16.md +++ b/rev/13/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He also forced everyone "The beast from the earth also forced everyone" - diff --git a/rev/13/17.md b/rev/13/17.md index b20fe745fb..f01a925fdc 100644 --- a/rev/13/17.md +++ b/rev/13/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the mark of the beast This was an identifying mark that indicated that the person who received it worshiped the beast. - diff --git a/rev/13/18.md b/rev/13/18.md index 10504e56fd..3185b2ccfa 100644 --- a/rev/13/18.md +++ b/rev/13/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "insight" can be translated with the verb "understand." Alternate trans # is the number of a human being Possible meanings are 1) the number represents one person or 2) the number represents all of humanity. - diff --git a/rev/13/intro.md b/rev/13/intro.md index fe7ab5fb14..e8b4b171ac 100644 --- a/rev/13/intro.md +++ b/rev/13/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Revelation 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verse 10, which is from the Old Testament. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Similes -John uses many similes in this chapter. They help to describe the images that he sees in his vision. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) +### Similes -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +John uses many similes in this chapter. They help to describe the images that he sees in his vision. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Unknown animals -#### Unknown animals John uses different animals to try to describe what he saw. Some of these animals may not be known in the target language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ John uses different animals to try to describe what he saw. Some of these animal * __[Revelation 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/14/01.md b/rev/14/01.md index 141b1cd9bb..2c3f1d47f4 100644 --- a/rev/14/01.md +++ b/rev/14/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "on whose foreheads th # his Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/02.md b/rev/14/02.md index edb92f309e..cf2e60c963 100644 --- a/rev/14/02.md +++ b/rev/14/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a voice from heaven "a sound from heaven" - diff --git a/rev/14/03.md b/rev/14/03.md index f293c6cf81..7c4273119e 100644 --- a/rev/14/03.md +++ b/rev/14/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that the 144,000 were unique. Alternate translat # 144,000 "one hundred forty-four thousand." See how you translated this in [Revelation 7:4](../07/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/04.md b/rev/14/04.md index 8f32076d7d..7526e7dcf9 100644 --- a/rev/14/04.md +++ b/rev/14/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Doing what the Lamb does is spoken of as following him. Alternate translation: " # redeemed from among mankind as firstfruits "Firstfruits" here is a metaphor for the first offering to be made to God in celebration of harvest. Alternate translation: "purchased out of the midst of the rest of mankind as a special celebration of salvation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/05.md b/rev/14/05.md index 28ec2fcb0e..0eec62b3a7 100644 --- a/rev/14/05.md +++ b/rev/14/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # No lie was found in their mouth Their "mouth" refers to what they said." Alternate translation: "They never lied when they spoke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/06.md b/rev/14/06.md index 2bdbc14272..0fade95af5 100644 --- a/rev/14/06.md +++ b/rev/14/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John begins to describe the next part of his vision. This is the first of three # every nation, tribe, language, and people This means that people from every ethnic group are included. See how you translated a similar list in [Revelation 5:9](../05/09.md). - diff --git a/rev/14/07.md b/rev/14/07.md index cda0931260..96987ace77 100644 --- a/rev/14/07.md +++ b/rev/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the hour of his judgment has come Here "the hour" represents the time that has been chosen for something, and the hour having "come" is a metaphor for now being the chosen time. The idea of "judgment" can be expressed with a verb. Alternate translation: "now is the time that God has chosen for judgment" or "it is now the time for God to judge people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/08.md b/rev/14/08.md index f26bf94b76..ba997ba9b7 100644 --- a/rev/14/08.md +++ b/rev/14/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a symbol for participating in her sexually immoral passion. Alternate tr # her immoral passion Babylon is spoken of as if it were a prostitute who has caused other people to sin along with her. This may well have a double meaning: literal sexual immorality and also the worship of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/09.md b/rev/14/09.md index 2a3531e9e1..925be8422c 100644 --- a/rev/14/09.md +++ b/rev/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with a loud voice "loudly" - diff --git a/rev/14/10.md b/rev/14/10.md index ee14925c35..04c24d2b9c 100644 --- a/rev/14/10.md +++ b/rev/14/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that the wine has no water mixed into it. It is strong, and a person # cup of his anger This symbolic cup holds the wine that represents God's anger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/11.md b/rev/14/11.md index d43ca4149e..541bb24b94 100644 --- a/rev/14/11.md +++ b/rev/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "their torment" refers to the fire that torments them. Alternate tran # they have no rest "they have no relief" or "the torment does not stop" - diff --git a/rev/14/12.md b/rev/14/12.md index 149bb54116..21a3f20b52 100644 --- a/rev/14/12.md +++ b/rev/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Here is a call for the patient endurance of God's holy people "God's holy people must endure patiently and be faithful." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 13:10](../13/10.md). - diff --git a/rev/14/13.md b/rev/14/13.md index 0cdb80c3e8..60b9a82371 100644 --- a/rev/14/13.md +++ b/rev/14/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ difficulties and sufferings # their deeds will follow them These deeds are spoken of as if they were alive and able to follow those who did them. Possible meanings are 1) "others will know the good deeds these people have done" or 2) "God will reward them for their deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/14.md b/rev/14/14.md index a64a69067a..d8614fcf89 100644 --- a/rev/14/14.md +++ b/rev/14/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was the likeness of a wreath of olive branches or laurel leaves, hammered o # sickle a tool with a curved blade used for cutting grass, grain, and vines (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/15.md b/rev/14/15.md index 87346b403b..faa061c1e8 100644 --- a/rev/14/15.md +++ b/rev/14/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the time to reap has come Existing in the present is spoken of as having come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/16.md b/rev/14/16.md index 15726e4c4d..6f8e938cb2 100644 --- a/rev/14/16.md +++ b/rev/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the earth was reaped This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he reaped the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/17.md b/rev/14/17.md index abef4bf2bb..725f36b7e6 100644 --- a/rev/14/17.md +++ b/rev/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: John continues describing his vision about the earth being harvested. - diff --git a/rev/14/18.md b/rev/14/18.md index a1c43d6d99..a508127d8c 100644 --- a/rev/14/18.md +++ b/rev/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who had authority over the fire Here "authority over" refers to responsibility to tend the fire. - diff --git a/rev/14/19.md b/rev/14/19.md index 3fe7317eb3..1ead29e436 100644 --- a/rev/14/19.md +++ b/rev/14/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ John describes the earth as a grapevine full of ripe grapes that the angel is ha # the great winepress of God's wrath "the large winepress where God will show his wrath." A winepress is a large container in which people put grapes and then crush them to get the juice out. John is saying that the angel will take the people of the earth and put them where God will punish or destroy them because he is angry with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/20.md b/rev/14/20.md index 49db3b0d50..b22b54fbf6 100644 --- a/rev/14/20.md +++ b/rev/14/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a device made of leather straps that goes around a horse's head and is used for # 1,600 stadia "one thousand six hundred stadia" or "sixteen hundred stadia." A "stadium" is 185 meters. In modern measures this would be about "300 kilometers" or "200 miles." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/rev/14/intro.md b/rev/14/intro.md index 4a458016e0..8bce08eb19 100644 --- a/rev/14/intro.md +++ b/rev/14/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ # Revelation 14 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Harvest +### Harvest Harvest is when people go out to gather ripe food from plants. Jesus used this as a metaphor to teach his followers that they need to go and tell other people about him so those people can be part of God's kingdom. This chapter uses the metaphor of two harvests. Jesus gathers in his people from the whole earth. Then an angel gathers in wicked people whom God will punish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/harvest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ Harvest is when people go out to gather ripe food from plants. Jesus used this a * __[Revelation 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/15/01.md b/rev/15/01.md index 3972dcfb99..c0971d52fa 100644 --- a/rev/15/01.md +++ b/rev/15/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for these plagues wil # for with them the wrath of God will be completed Possible meanings are 1) these plagues will show all of God's anger or 2) after these plagues, God will no longer be angry. - diff --git a/rev/15/02.md b/rev/15/02.md index ba57a0a9f3..34f7036208 100644 --- a/rev/15/02.md +++ b/rev/15/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ How they were victorious over the number can be stated clearly. Alternate transl # the number representing his name This refers to the number described in [Revelation 13:18](../13/18.md). - diff --git a/rev/15/03.md b/rev/15/03.md index 08f73c4cca..2c99ab74c0 100644 --- a/rev/15/03.md +++ b/rev/15/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They were singing "Those who had been victorious over the beast were singing" - diff --git a/rev/15/04.md b/rev/15/04.md index e428eaded6..92f364076b 100644 --- a/rev/15/04.md +++ b/rev/15/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "your name" refers to God. Alternate translation: "glorify you" (See: # your righteous deeds have been revealed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you have made everyone know about your righteous deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/15/05.md b/rev/15/05.md index fd9c324bb0..65a24e2787 100644 --- a/rev/15/05.md +++ b/rev/15/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The seven angels with the seven plagues come out of the most holy place. They we # the temple of the tabernacle of witness The words "the temple" seem to refer either literally to a solid building or metaphorically to a tent or tabernacle. Possible meanings of "tabernacle of witness" are 1) "the tabernacle" is the place where the priests had set the "witness," also called "the ark of the testimony," or 2) the "tabernacle of witness" is another name for "the ark of the testimony." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/15/06.md b/rev/15/06.md index 37a9d46b06..59ac3cf742 100644 --- a/rev/15/06.md +++ b/rev/15/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a fine, expensive cloth made from flax # sashes A sash is a decorative piece of cloth worn on the upper body. - diff --git a/rev/15/07.md b/rev/15/07.md index f603daaacd..4ca957e63a 100644 --- a/rev/15/07.md +++ b/rev/15/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God The image of the wine in the bowls can be stated clearly. The word "wrath" here refers to punishment. The wine is a symbol for punishment. Alternate translation: "seven gold bowls full of the wine that represents the wrath of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/15/08.md b/rev/15/08.md index 3d36a3286f..6e2a96ac9c 100644 --- a/rev/15/08.md +++ b/rev/15/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until the seven plagues of the seven angels were completed "until the seven angels finished sending the seven plagues to the earth" - diff --git a/rev/15/intro.md b/rev/15/intro.md index 64a5132908..cac0bc99eb 100644 --- a/rev/15/intro.md +++ b/rev/15/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ # Revelation 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter John describes events and pictures that occur in heaven. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 3-4. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "Victorious over the beast" +### "Victorious over the beast" Those who are "victorious over the beast" are spiritually victorious. While most spiritual battles cannot be seen, the Book of Revelation pictures spiritual battles as openly occurring. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -#### "The temple having the tent of witness was open in heaven" +### "The temple having the tent of witness was open in heaven" -Scripture elsewhere indicates the earthly temple copied God's perfect dwelling place in heaven. Here John seems to refer to God's heavenly dwelling place or temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) +Scripture elsewhere indicates the earthly temple copied God's perfect dwelling place in heaven. Here John seems to refer to God's heavenly dwelling place or temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -#### Songs +### Songs The Book of Revelation often describes heaven as a place where people sing. They worship God with songs. This illustrates that heaven is a place where God is always worshiped. @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The Book of Revelation often describes heaven as a place where people sing. They * __[Revelation 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/16/01.md b/rev/16/01.md index 7093ba268b..96ac8e7cdd 100644 --- a/rev/16/01.md +++ b/rev/16/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "I" refers to John. # bowls of God's wrath The image of the wine in the bowls can be stated clearly. The word "wrath" here refers to punishment. The wine is a symbol for punishment. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 15:7](../15/07.md). Alternate translation: "bowls full of the wine that represents God's wrath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/02.md b/rev/16/02.md index f7d1204987..384806916d 100644 --- a/rev/16/02.md +++ b/rev/16/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "bowl" refers to what is in it. Alternate translation: "poured out the # mark of the beast This was an identifying mark that indicated that the person who received it worshiped the beast. See how you translated this in [Revelation 13:17](../13/17.md). - diff --git a/rev/16/03.md b/rev/16/03.md index 53133cc59a..a4df9a70c1 100644 --- a/rev/16/03.md +++ b/rev/16/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "bowl" refers to what is in it. See how you translated this in [Revelat # the sea This refers to all the salt water lakes and oceans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/04.md b/rev/16/04.md index 60d214eb7c..6ce156bf2d 100644 --- a/rev/16/04.md +++ b/rev/16/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "bowl" refers to what is in it. See how you translated this in [Revelat # rivers and the springs of water This refers to all bodies of fresh water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/05.md b/rev/16/05.md index 59149e5343..d6f55a1f7a 100644 --- a/rev/16/05.md +++ b/rev/16/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words could be a reference to 1) the third angel who was in charge of pour # the one who is and who was "God who is and who was." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 1:4](../01/04.md). - diff --git a/rev/16/06.md b/rev/16/06.md index e0e3b0d5b3..1c611a573a 100644 --- a/rev/16/06.md +++ b/rev/16/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "poured out the blood" means killed. Alternate translation: "they murdered # you have given them blood to drink God will make the evil people drink the waters that he turned to blood. - diff --git a/rev/16/07.md b/rev/16/07.md index 0f1f58486c..fb5de02edb 100644 --- a/rev/16/07.md +++ b/rev/16/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I heard the altar reply The word "altar" here refers perhaps to someone at the altar. "I heard someone at the altar reply" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/08.md b/rev/16/08.md index fa8fb40f15..a2b31fb23a 100644 --- a/rev/16/08.md +++ b/rev/16/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "bowl" refers to what is in it. See how you translated this in [Revelat # on the sun, and it was given permission to scorch the people John speaks about the sun as if it were a person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "on the sun and caused it to severely burn the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/09.md b/rev/16/09.md index 7133517a59..54c17c5e46 100644 --- a/rev/16/09.md +++ b/rev/16/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase reminds readers of something they already know about God. It helps t # the authority over these plagues This refers to the power to inflict these plagues on people, and the power to stop the plagues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/10.md b/rev/16/10.md index de6ffe96a2..78d1e665da 100644 --- a/rev/16/10.md +++ b/rev/16/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "darkness" is spoken of as if it were something like a blanket. Alternate t # They chewed The people in the beast's kingdom chewed. - diff --git a/rev/16/11.md b/rev/16/11.md index 01190fec3b..62dcb7cc8e 100644 --- a/rev/16/11.md +++ b/rev/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They blasphemed The people in the beast's kingdom blasphemed. - diff --git a/rev/16/12.md b/rev/16/12.md index 350d06b760..1e4207d02c 100644 --- a/rev/16/12.md +++ b/rev/16/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "bowl" refers to what is in it. See how you translated this in [Revelat # the Euphrates. Its water was dried up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Euphrates. Its water dried up" or "the Euphrates, and caused its water to dry up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/13.md b/rev/16/13.md index 2721c65c55..a0166681b8 100644 --- a/rev/16/13.md +++ b/rev/16/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A frog is a small animal that lives near water. Jews considered them unclean ani # dragon This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. The dragon is also identified in 12:9 as "the devil or Satan." See how you translated this in [Revelation 12:3](../12/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/14.md b/rev/16/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/16/14.md +++ b/rev/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/16/15.md b/rev/16/15.md index 4e0ca12c70..0b2333010e 100644 --- a/rev/16/15.md +++ b/rev/16/15.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here the word "they" refers to other people. # his shameful condition This is a general term for anything of which a person should be ashamed. Here the shame is from living foolishly. Alternate translation: "those things of which he should be ashamed" - diff --git a/rev/16/16.md b/rev/16/16.md index 3ed2eecbc2..2b124d38de 100644 --- a/rev/16/16.md +++ b/rev/16/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the place that people # Armageddon This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/17.md b/rev/16/17.md index ff3ce222e5..bebdbb4e34 100644 --- a/rev/16/17.md +++ b/rev/16/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "bowl" refers to what is in it. See how you translated this in [Revelat # Then a loud voice came out of the temple and from the throne This means someone sitting on the throne or someone standing near the throne spoke loudly. It is unclear who is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/18.md b/rev/16/18.md index 3814a006eb..541d8bfdb8 100644 --- a/rev/16/18.md +++ b/rev/16/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Use your language's way of describing what lightning looks like each time it app # rumblings, crashes of thunder These are the loud noises that thunder makes. Use your language's way of describing the sound of thunder. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:5](../04/05.md). - diff --git a/rev/16/19.md b/rev/16/19.md index acaf3ca3b5..dc18b59dfd 100644 --- a/rev/16/19.md +++ b/rev/16/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The earthquake split # he gave that city the cup filled with the wine made from his furious wrath The wine is a symbol of his wrath. Making people drink it is a symbol of punishing them. Alternate translation: "he made the people of that city drink the wine that represents his wrath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/20.md b/rev/16/20.md index 0b9e460b54..8249235623 100644 --- a/rev/16/20.md +++ b/rev/16/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is part of the seventh bowl of God's wrath. # the mountains were no longer found The inability to see any mountains is metonymy expressing the idea that no mountains existed any longer. Alternate translation: "there were no longer any mountains" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/21.md b/rev/16/21.md index 708af29709..0cbbf3fff0 100644 --- a/rev/16/21.md +++ b/rev/16/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a talent You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "33 kilograms" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bweight]]) - diff --git a/rev/16/intro.md b/rev/16/intro.md index 6ba655295e..9d8b9533c4 100644 --- a/rev/16/intro.md +++ b/rev/16/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,26 @@ # Revelation 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter continues the vision of chapter 15. Together they give the seven plagues that complete the wrath of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wrath]]) Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 5-7. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### "I heard a loud voice call out of the temple" +### "I heard a loud voice call out of the temple" This is the same temple that was mentioned in chapter 15. -#### Seven bowls of God's wrath +### Seven bowls of God's wrath This chapter reveals severe judgments. They are pictured as angels pouring out seven bowls of God's wrath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter The tone of this chapter is meant to astonish the reader. Translations should not minimize the vivid language expressed in this chapter. -#### Armageddon +### Armageddon This is a Hebrew word. It is the name of a place. John used the sounds of the Hebrew word and wrote them with Greek letters. Translators are encouraged to transliterate it using the letters of the target language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-transliterate]]) @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This is a Hebrew word. It is the name of a place. John used the sounds of the He * __[Revelation 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/17/01.md b/rev/17/01.md index 2596c8d608..852d9bd941 100644 --- a/rev/17/01.md +++ b/rev/17/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The noun "condemnation" can be expressed with the verb "condemn." Alternate tran # on many waters If you need to, you can use a more specific word for the kind of water. Alternate translation: "on many rivers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/02.md b/rev/17/02.md index 93a7a6975e..9b0846f529 100644 --- a/rev/17/02.md +++ b/rev/17/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The wine represents sexual immorality. Alternate translation: "the people of the # her sexual immorality This may well have a double meaning: sexual immorality among people and also the worship of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/03.md b/rev/17/03.md index d89bffe325..4a695156de 100644 --- a/rev/17/03.md +++ b/rev/17/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # carried me away in the Spirit to a wilderness The setting changes from John being in heaven to being in a wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/04.md b/rev/17/04.md index ab4ebe1eae..974024e507 100644 --- a/rev/17/04.md +++ b/rev/17/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # pearls beautiful and valuable white beads. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/05.md b/rev/17/05.md index 9f26a7b1ce..e0b1f84f2c 100644 --- a/rev/17/05.md +++ b/rev/17/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone had written o # Babylon the great If it needs to be made clear that the name refers to the woman, it can be put in a sentence. Alternate translation: "I am Babylon, the powerful one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/06.md b/rev/17/06.md index 348756356b..af9f1e4478 100644 --- a/rev/17/06.md +++ b/rev/17/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # astonished amazed, surprised - diff --git a/rev/17/07.md b/rev/17/07.md index e9d269b576..e921efc985 100644 --- a/rev/17/07.md +++ b/rev/17/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel begins to explain to John the meaning of the prostitute and the red be # Why are you astonished? The angel used this question to gently scold John. Alternate translation: "You should not be astonished!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/08.md b/rev/17/08.md index 93d2d5aabd..672cda0c31 100644 --- a/rev/17/08.md +++ b/rev/17/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whose names God # since the foundation of the world The author speaks of the world as if it were a building set on a foundation. Alternate translation: "since the creation of the world" or "since God created the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/09.md b/rev/17/09.md index 8bf0f34bd8..24792bcea0 100644 --- a/rev/17/09.md +++ b/rev/17/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The abstract nouns "mind" and "wisdom" can be expressed with "think" and "wise" # The seven heads are seven hills Here "are" means "stand for" or "represent." - diff --git a/rev/17/10.md b/rev/17/10.md index d6d65a7f2d..d740803627 100644 --- a/rev/17/10.md +++ b/rev/17/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Not having existed yet is spoken of as not yet having come. Alternate translatio # he must remain for a little while The angel speaks of someone continuing to be king as if he were remaining in a place. Alternate translation: "he can be king only for a little while" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/11.md b/rev/17/11.md index 906943ad9c..0c48de5ffc 100644 --- a/rev/17/11.md +++ b/rev/17/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the beast rules twice: first as one of the seven kings, # and is going to his destruction The certainty of what will happen in the future is spoken of as if the beast were going to it. Alternate translation: "and will certainly be destroyed" or "and God will surely destroy him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/12.md b/rev/17/12.md index 67ac46244d..d544c7651c 100644 --- a/rev/17/12.md +++ b/rev/17/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel continues speaking to John. Here he explains the meaning of the ten ho # for one hour If your language does not divide the day into 24 hours, you may need to use a more general expression. Alternate translation: "for a very short time" or "for a very small part of a day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/13.md b/rev/17/13.md index b903603ce0..ad869bbd62 100644 --- a/rev/17/13.md +++ b/rev/17/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These are of one mind "These all think the same thing" or "These all agree to do the same thing" - diff --git a/rev/17/14.md b/rev/17/14.md index 37c967494b..eb54f44fc3 100644 --- a/rev/17/14.md +++ b/rev/17/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A "lamb" is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See # the called, chosen, and faithful ones This refers to one group of people. The words "called" and "chosen" can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "the ones whom God has called and chosen, who are faithful to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/15.md b/rev/17/15.md index 77ef8a9d1a..6883f8319e 100644 --- a/rev/17/15.md +++ b/rev/17/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ large groups of people # languages This refers to people who speak the languages. See how you translated this in [Revelation 10:11](../10/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/16.md b/rev/17/16.md index 62214bfb1e..0305663c54 100644 --- a/rev/17/16.md +++ b/rev/17/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they will devour her flesh Destroying her completely is spoken of as eating all her flesh. "They will destroy her completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/17.md b/rev/17/17.md index 3a081c752e..2c56931133 100644 --- a/rev/17/17.md +++ b/rev/17/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for desires. Making them want to do something is spoke # until God's words are fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until God fulfills what he said will happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/18.md b/rev/17/18.md index f18c333fb1..77ab314382 100644 --- a/rev/17/18.md +++ b/rev/17/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "is" stands for "represents." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # the great city that has power to rule The city having power to rule is a metonym for the leader of the city having power to rule. Alternate translation: "the great city whose leader has power to rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/17/intro.md b/rev/17/intro.md index f188fbcd08..59f8cf1820 100644 --- a/rev/17/intro.md +++ b/rev/17/intro.md @@ -1,32 +1,32 @@ # Revelation 17 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter begins to describe how God will destroy Babylon. +This chapter begins to describe how God will destroy Babylon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Prostitute +### Prostitute Scripture often pictures idolatrous Jews as adulterous people and sometimes as prostitutes. This is not the reference here. The translator should allow this illustration to be vague. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -#### Seven hills +### Seven hills This possibly refers to the city of Rome, which was known as the city on seven hills. However, the translator should not attempt to identify Rome in the translation. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphors +### Metaphors John uses many different metaphors in this chapter. He explains some of their meanings, but allows them to remain relatively unclear. The translator should attempt to do the same. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "The beast you saw existed, does not exist now, but is about to come up " +### "The beast you saw existed, does not exist now, but is about to come up " This and similar phrases in this chapter contrast the beast with Jesus. Jesus is called "the one who is, and who was, and who is to come" elsewhere in the Book of Revelation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Paradox +### Paradox A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. This sentence in 17:11 is a paradox: "the beast ... is itself also an eighth king; but it is one of those seven kings." The translator should not attempt to resolve this paradox. It should remain a mystery. ([Revelation 17:11](../../rev/17/11.md)) @@ -35,4 +35,3 @@ A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Thi * __[Revelation 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/18/01.md b/rev/18/01.md index f287eb4363..d778255334 100644 --- a/rev/18/01.md +++ b/rev/18/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: Another angel comes down from heaven and speaks. This is not the angel mentioned in the previous chapter who spoke about the prostitute and the beast. - diff --git a/rev/18/02.md b/rev/18/02.md index 9b534bbd6f..665436727a 100644 --- a/rev/18/02.md +++ b/rev/18/02.md @@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ The pronoun "she" refers to the city of Babylon, which is spoken of as if it wer # a prison -The word "prison" here is a metaphor for a secure place. This was probably a secure place where the unclean spirits feel safe, such as a refuge or hideout. Alternate translation: "a hideout" (See: ([[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - +The word "prison" here is a metaphor for a secure place. This was probably a secure place where the unclean spirits feel safe, such as a refuge or hideout. Alternate translation: "a hideout" (See: ([[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])) diff --git a/rev/18/03.md b/rev/18/03.md index 1024515626..03a58a4251 100644 --- a/rev/18/03.md +++ b/rev/18/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A merchant is a person who sells things. # from the power of her sensual way of living "because she spent so much money on sexual immorality" - diff --git a/rev/18/04.md b/rev/18/04.md index 383bf1a434..667acea43e 100644 --- a/rev/18/04.md +++ b/rev/18/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "voice" refers to the speaker, which is probably either Jesus or the Fa # from her The pronoun "her" refers to the city of Babylon, which is spoken of as if it were a prostitute. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/05.md b/rev/18/05.md index 4a7de8fcd9..9f7531cb01 100644 --- a/rev/18/05.md +++ b/rev/18/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The voice speaks of Babylon's sins as if they were objects that could form a pil # has remembered "has thought of" or "has started to pay attention to." This does not mean that God remembered something he had forgotten. See how you translated "called to mind" in [Revelation 16:19](../16/19.md). - diff --git a/rev/18/06.md b/rev/18/06.md index 55c3fffd97..6d2e6599f5 100644 --- a/rev/18/06.md +++ b/rev/18/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The voice speaks of causing others to suffer as preparing strong wine for them t # mix double the amount Possible meanings are 1) "prepare twice the amount" or 2) "make it twice as strong" - diff --git a/rev/18/07.md b/rev/18/07.md index c7c8fa9a5e..c3309ccb64 100644 --- a/rev/18/07.md +++ b/rev/18/07.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ She implies that she will not be dependent on other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # I will never see mourning Experiencing mourning is spoken of as seeing mourning. Alternate translation: "I will never mourn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/08.md b/rev/18/08.md index e05f066959..0d0bae41fa 100644 --- a/rev/18/08.md +++ b/rev/18/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Existing in the future is spoken of a coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-me # She will be consumed by fire Being burned up by fires is spoken of as being eaten up by fire. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Fire will completely burn her up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/09.md b/rev/18/09.md index 807f4ae58b..94619990ed 100644 --- a/rev/18/09.md +++ b/rev/18/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses the word "her" refers to the city of Babylon. # committed sexual immorality and went out of control with her "sinned sexually and did whatever they wanted just as the people of Babylon did" - diff --git a/rev/18/10.md b/rev/18/10.md index 45eef9e214..68df564d3b 100644 --- a/rev/18/10.md +++ b/rev/18/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is repeated for emphasis. # your punishment has come Existing in the present is spoken of as having come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/11.md b/rev/18/11.md index a26f5f2439..6de43855aa 100644 --- a/rev/18/11.md +++ b/rev/18/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # mourn for her "mourn for the people of Babylon" - diff --git a/rev/18/12.md b/rev/18/12.md index f061b9d811..e6ae2aa35f 100644 --- a/rev/18/12.md +++ b/rev/18/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ a beautiful hard, white material that people get from the tusks or teeth of very # marble a precious stone used for building (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/13.md b/rev/18/13.md index a21c0f609d..c5dab57544 100644 --- a/rev/18/13.md +++ b/rev/18/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a substance used to add flavor to food or a good smell to oil # bodies and souls of people Possible meanings are 1) the parts of people are used figuratively to refer to people who are sold as slaves. Alternate translation: "slaves" or 2) the word "bodies" refers to slaves, and the phrase "souls of people" expresses the truth that slaves are real people. Alternate translation: "slaves, that is human souls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/14.md b/rev/18/14.md index 5857541d82..bcaa707957 100644 --- a/rev/18/14.md +++ b/rev/18/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # vanished, never to be found again Not to be found stands for not existing. This figure of speech can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "vanished; you will never have them again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/15.md b/rev/18/15.md index 08eeed5cf7..87c0b2b71f 100644 --- a/rev/18/15.md +++ b/rev/18/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "fear" and "torment." Alternat # weeping and mourning loudly This is what the merchants will be doing. Alternate translation: "and they will weep and mourn loudly" - diff --git a/rev/18/16.md b/rev/18/16.md index d136b0222a..9cbfd7b9a7 100644 --- a/rev/18/16.md +++ b/rev/18/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "adorned herself with # pearls beautiful and valuable white beads. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. See how you translated this in [Revelation 17:4](../17/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/17.md b/rev/18/17.md index c24b040327..82ff81fd39 100644 --- a/rev/18/17.md +++ b/rev/18/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # who make their living from the sea The phrase "from the sea" refers to what they do on the sea. Alternate translation: "who travel on the sea to make their living" or "who sail on the sea to different places in order to trade things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/18.md b/rev/18/18.md index 6c6e721519..90cae2d9aa 100644 --- a/rev/18/18.md +++ b/rev/18/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses the word "they" refers to the sailors and seafarers, and the wor # What city is like the great city? This question shows that the merchants thought the city of Babylon was very important. Alternate translation: "No other city is like the great city, Babylon!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/19.md b/rev/18/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/18/19.md +++ b/rev/18/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/18/20.md b/rev/18/20.md index 6e746059ef..ed6290fcc1 100644 --- a/rev/18/20.md +++ b/rev/18/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God has brought your judgment on her The noun "judgment" can be expressed with the verb "judge." Alternate translation: "God has judged her for you" or "God has judged her because of the bad things she did to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/21.md b/rev/18/21.md index 6ab40c6c33..c352059990 100644 --- a/rev/18/21.md +++ b/rev/18/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ God will completely destroy the city. This can be stated in active form. Alterna # will not be seen anymore "no one will see it anymore." Not being seen here means that it will not exist. Alternate translation: "it will not exist anymore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/22.md b/rev/18/22.md index 0594cc1c18..7c327c1580 100644 --- a/rev/18/22.md +++ b/rev/18/22.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Not being found there means that they will not be there. Alternate translation: # No sound of a mill will be heard anymore in you The sound of something not being heard means that no one will make that sound. Alternate translation: "No one will use a mill in your city anymore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/23.md b/rev/18/23.md index 6f1cd1bec9..dde03ca701 100644 --- a/rev/18/23.md +++ b/rev/18/23.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The angel speaks of important and powerful people as if they were princes. Alter # the nations were deceived by your sorcery This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you deceived the people of the nations with your magic spells" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/24.md b/rev/18/24.md index 64c2d0da57..b5857d6c45 100644 --- a/rev/18/24.md +++ b/rev/18/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "her" refers to Babylon. # In her the blood of prophets and of God's holy people was found, and the blood of all who have been killed on the earth Blood being found there means that the people there were guilty of killing people. Alternate translation: "Babylon is guilty of killing the prophets and believers and all the other people in the world who were killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/18/intro.md b/rev/18/intro.md index a5dd154034..bcf15e7530 100644 --- a/rev/18/intro.md +++ b/rev/18/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Revelation 18 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 2-8, 10, 16-17, and 19-24. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Prophecy +### Prophecy The angel prophesies about Babylon falling, which here means being destroyed. It is spoken of as having already happened. This is common in prophecy. It emphasizes that the coming judgment will certainly happen. The angel also prophesies that the people will lament over Babylon falling. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Metaphors +### Metaphors Prophecy frequently uses metaphors. This chapter has an apocalyptic style that is slightly different from that of the rest of the Book of Revelation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Prophecy frequently uses metaphors. This chapter has an apocalyptic style that i * __[Revelation 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/19/01.md b/rev/19/01.md index f32b37d423..0e955d8033 100644 --- a/rev/19/01.md +++ b/rev/19/01.md @@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ Here "I" refers to John. # Hallelujah -This word means "Praise Yahweh." Some modern versions translate it as "Praise the Lord." - +This word means "Praise Yahweh." Some modern versions translate it as "Praise the Lord." diff --git a/rev/19/02.md b/rev/19/02.md index 82f8559126..cfac4a6b9e 100644 --- a/rev/19/02.md +++ b/rev/19/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the earth" is a metonym for its inhabitants. Alternate translation: "who c # He has avenged the blood of his servants from her hand Here "the blood ... from her hand" is a metonym for her murdering people. The word "her" refers to the "prostitute," the city of Babylon. Alternate translation: "He has punished her for murdering his servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/03.md b/rev/19/03.md index 12a7f1ab3c..921ff4449b 100644 --- a/rev/19/03.md +++ b/rev/19/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word means "Praise Yahweh." Some modern versions translate it as "Praise th # smoke rises from her The word "her" refers to the city of Babylon, which is spoken of as if it were a prostitute. The smoke is from the fire that destroys the city. Alternate translation: "smoke rises from that city" - diff --git a/rev/19/04.md b/rev/19/04.md index 5bcc3cd822..da166a0720 100644 --- a/rev/19/04.md +++ b/rev/19/04.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who sat on the throne # Hallelujah -This word means "Praise Yahweh." Some modern versions translate it as "Praise the Lord." See how you translated this in [Revelation 19:1](../19/01.md). \ No newline at end of file +This word means "Praise Yahweh." Some modern versions translate it as "Praise the Lord." See how you translated this in [Revelation 19:1](../19/01.md). diff --git a/rev/19/05.md b/rev/19/05.md index b2f18759d2..fc5bd91340 100644 --- a/rev/19/05.md +++ b/rev/19/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "fear" does not mean to be afraid of God, but to honor him. Alternate trans # both the unimportant and the powerful The speaker uses these words together to mean all of God's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/06.md b/rev/19/06.md index 3d5f6097f2..7062fe67d4 100644 --- a/rev/19/06.md +++ b/rev/19/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word means "Praise Yahweh." Some modern versions translate it as "Praise th # For the Lord "Because the Lord" - diff --git a/rev/19/07.md b/rev/19/07.md index 2b454baa01..08b946b615 100644 --- a/rev/19/07.md +++ b/rev/19/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Existing in the present is spoken of as having come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # his bride has made herself ready John speaks of God's people as if they were a bride who has gotten ready for her wedding. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/08.md b/rev/19/08.md index c705801d88..069202b69d 100644 --- a/rev/19/08.md +++ b/rev/19/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She was permitted to be dressed in bright and clean fine linen Here "she" refers to the people of God. John speaks of the righteous acts of God's people as if they were a bright and clean dress that a bride wears on her wedding day. You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: "God allowed her to wear a dress of bright and clean fine linen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/09.md b/rev/19/09.md index 1c71ab768e..3ac10b3b9e 100644 --- a/rev/19/09.md +++ b/rev/19/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: "the people whom God i # the wedding feast of the Lamb Here the angel speaks of the joining of Jesus and his people forever as if it were a wedding feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/10.md b/rev/19/10.md index 651b93d87c..4284336953 100644 --- a/rev/19/10.md +++ b/rev/19/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here holding stands for believing in or announcing. Alternate translation: "who # for the testimony about Jesus is the spirit of prophecy Here "spirit of prophecy" refers to God's Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: "for it is the Spirit of God who gives people the power to speak the truth about Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/11.md b/rev/19/11.md index 86f0e307f8..cd77f8e43c 100644 --- a/rev/19/11.md +++ b/rev/19/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The rider is Jesus. # It is with justice that he judges and wages war Here "justice" refers to what is right. Alternate translation: "He judges all people and wages war according to what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/12.md b/rev/19/12.md index aeed397d98..eddbd57207 100644 --- a/rev/19/12.md +++ b/rev/19/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone has written a # on him that no one knows but himself "on him, and only he knows the meaning of that name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/13.md b/rev/19/13.md index a2de55a7a2..54ec8fc52b 100644 --- a/rev/19/13.md +++ b/rev/19/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can state this in an active form. Alternate translation: "He wears a robe th # his name is called the Word of God You can state this in active form. "Word of God" here is a metonym for Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: "his name is called the Message of God" or "his name is also the Word of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/14.md b/rev/19/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/19/14.md +++ b/rev/19/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/19/15.md b/rev/19/15.md index 2973585e2e..b045770aa2 100644 --- a/rev/19/15.md +++ b/rev/19/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ John speaks of the rider's power as if he were ruling with an iron rod. See how # He tramples in the winepress of the fury of the wrath of God Almighty John speaks of the rider's destroying his enemies as if they were grapes that a person tramples in a winepress. Here "wrath" refers to God's punishment of evil persons. Alternate translation: "He crushes his enemies according to the judgment of God Almighty, just as a person crushes grapes in a winepress" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/16.md b/rev/19/16.md index 1f4077e6ab..90e4e06662 100644 --- a/rev/19/16.md +++ b/rev/19/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He has a name written on his robe and on his thigh: This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone has written a name on his robe and thigh:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/17.md b/rev/19/17.md index 55477ff9ad..c98cd5a517 100644 --- a/rev/19/17.md +++ b/rev/19/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I saw an angel standing in the sun Here "the sun" is a metonym for the light of the sun. Alternate translation: "Then I saw an angel standing in the light of the sun" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/18.md b/rev/19/18.md index 6644326b42..8f49975590 100644 --- a/rev/19/18.md +++ b/rev/19/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # both free and slave, the unimportant and the powerful The angel uses these two sets of opposite-meaning words together to mean all people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/rev/19/19.md b/rev/19/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/19/19.md +++ b/rev/19/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/19/20.md b/rev/19/20.md index a217e5d6f4..5868d71cef 100644 --- a/rev/19/20.md +++ b/rev/19/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God threw the beast a # the fiery lake of burning sulfur "the lake of fire that burns with sulfur" or "place full of fire that burns with sulfur" - diff --git a/rev/19/21.md b/rev/19/21.md index 2a6cb3dfae..9b4e05d7cd 100644 --- a/rev/19/21.md +++ b/rev/19/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The rider of the hors # the sword that came out of the mouth The sword blade was sticking out of his mouth. The sword itself was not in motion. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 1:16](../01/16.md). - diff --git a/rev/19/intro.md b/rev/19/intro.md index 53d4369060..d83337ed73 100644 --- a/rev/19/intro.md +++ b/rev/19/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ # Revelation 19 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The beginning of chapter 19 concludes the topic of Babylon falling. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 1-8. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Songs +### Songs The Book of Revelation often describes heaven as a place where people sing. They worship God with songs. This illustrates that heaven is a place where God is always worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) -#### Wedding celebration +### Wedding celebration The wedding celebration or feast is an important image in Scripture. Jewish culture often pictured paradise, or life with God after death, as a feast. Here, the wedding feast is for the Lamb, who is Jesus, and his bride, who is all his people. @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The wedding celebration or feast is an important image in Scripture. Jewish cult * __[Revelation 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/20/01.md b/rev/20/01.md index ffcafe2324..095bbb5253 100644 --- a/rev/20/01.md +++ b/rev/20/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "I" refers to John. # bottomless pit This is an extremely deep, narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no bottom; it continues to go down further forever or 2) the pit is so deep that it is as if it had no bottom. See how you translated this in [Revelation 9:1](../09/01.md). - diff --git a/rev/20/02.md b/rev/20/02.md index 37ff85e355..a53d7387a4 100644 --- a/rev/20/02.md +++ b/rev/20/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # dragon This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/03.md b/rev/20/03.md index c888f3404a..de31b8492f 100644 --- a/rev/20/03.md +++ b/rev/20/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "nations" is a metonym for the people of the earth. Alternate translation: # he must be set free This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will command the angel to free him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/04.md b/rev/20/04.md index 4a724d0156..5dd92fd082 100644 --- a/rev/20/04.md +++ b/rev/20/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ These words are a metonym for the message from God. Alternate translation: "for # They came to life "They came back to life" or "They became alive again" - diff --git a/rev/20/05.md b/rev/20/05.md index 947da9417d..ed305fbf80 100644 --- a/rev/20/05.md +++ b/rev/20/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the thousand years were ended "the end of the 1,000 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/06.md b/rev/20/06.md index 4fd2066a04..c5074856ac 100644 --- a/rev/20/06.md +++ b/rev/20/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here John describes "death" as a person with power. Alternate translation: "Thes # the second death "dying a second time." This is described as eternal punishment in the lake of fire in [Revelation 20:14](../20/14.md) and [Revelation 21:8](../21/08.md). See how you translated this in [Revelation 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "the final death in the lake of fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/07.md b/rev/20/07.md index 9e337456f7..8fb3c3a4ff 100644 --- a/rev/20/07.md +++ b/rev/20/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Satan will be released from his prison This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will release Satan from his prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/08.md b/rev/20/08.md index e7c18f03a0..9b14f32e2f 100644 --- a/rev/20/08.md +++ b/rev/20/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will be as many as the sand of the sea This emphasizes the extremely large number of soldiers in Satan's army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/09.md b/rev/20/09.md index 8cb7c2b534..35f74dc464 100644 --- a/rev/20/09.md +++ b/rev/20/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Jerusalem. # fire came down from heaven and devoured them Here John speaks of fire as if it were alive. Alternate translation: "God sent fire from heaven to burn them up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/10.md b/rev/20/10.md index 3fe980f081..563d0945c6 100644 --- a/rev/20/10.md +++ b/rev/20/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "where he had also thr # They will be tormented This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will torment them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/11.md b/rev/20/11.md index 371918fc5e..7c26eb709a 100644 --- a/rev/20/11.md +++ b/rev/20/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the next part of John's vision. He describes suddenly seeing a great whi # The earth and the heavens fled away from his presence, but there was no place for them to go John describes heaven and earth as if they were people who were trying to escape God's judgment. This means that God completely destroyed the old heaven and earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/12.md b/rev/20/12.md index b37b51971a..3742ec44cb 100644 --- a/rev/20/12.md +++ b/rev/20/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God judged the people # by what was recorded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "by what he had recorded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/13.md b/rev/20/13.md index ad04a3f046..c393c0ac85 100644 --- a/rev/20/13.md +++ b/rev/20/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God judged the dead p # Hades Here "Hades" is a metonym that represents the place where unbelievers go when they die, to wait for God's judgment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/14.md b/rev/20/14.md index 1820fa9207..7b3864268f 100644 --- a/rev/20/14.md +++ b/rev/20/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God threw Death and H # the second death "dying a second time." This is described as eternal punishment in the lake of fire in [Revelation 20:14](../20/14.md) and [Revelation 21:8](../21/08.md). See how you translated this in [Revelation 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "the final death in the lake of fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/15.md b/rev/20/15.md index e571868381..35921848a1 100644 --- a/rev/20/15.md +++ b/rev/20/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "If God's angel did no # he was thrown into the lake of fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the angel threw him into the lake of fire" or "the angel threw him into the place where fire burns forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/20/intro.md b/rev/20/intro.md index 697a3dbf4f..707b7d64c2 100644 --- a/rev/20/intro.md +++ b/rev/20/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,29 @@ # Revelation 20 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### The thousand-year reign of Christ +### The thousand-year reign of Christ In this chapter, Jesus is said to reign for a thousand years, at the same time that Satan is bound. Scholars are divided over whether this refers to a future period of time or to Jesus reigning now from heaven. It is not necessary to understand this passage in order to translate it accurately. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) -#### Final rebellion +### Final rebellion This chapter also describes what happens after the thousand years are ended. During this time, Satan and many people will attempt to rebel against Jesus. This will result in God's ultimate and final victory over sin and evil. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) -#### Great white throne +### Great white throne This chapter ends with God judging all people who ever lived. God separates people who believe in Jesus from those who do not believe in him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Book of Life +### Book of Life This is a metaphor for eternal life. Those possessing eternal life are said to have their names written in this Book of Life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Hades and the lake of fire -#### Hades and the lake of fire These appear to be two distinct places. The translator may wish to do further research to determine how to translate these two places differently. They should not be made the same as each other in translation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hell]]) ## Links: @@ -30,4 +31,3 @@ These appear to be two distinct places. The translator may wish to do further re * __[Revelation 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/21/01.md b/rev/21/01.md index 9d7c3c3300..095e9a9f36 100644 --- a/rev/21/01.md +++ b/rev/21/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John begins to describe his vision of the new Jerusalem. # I saw Here "I" refers to John. - diff --git a/rev/21/02.md b/rev/21/02.md index 8afd894176..a52aa9fe67 100644 --- a/rev/21/02.md +++ b/rev/21/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # like a bride adorned for her husband This compares the new Jerusalem to a bride who has made herself beautiful for her bridegroom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/03.md b/rev/21/03.md index bc97497398..e79da77b20 100644 --- a/rev/21/03.md +++ b/rev/21/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "Look" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information th # The dwelling place of God is with human beings, and he will live with them These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God will, indeed, live among men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/04.md b/rev/21/04.md index b205d1cd4e..86313c2c1a 100644 --- a/rev/21/04.md +++ b/rev/21/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He will wipe away every tear from their eyes Tears here represent sadness. See how you translated this in [Revelation 7:17](../07/17.md). Alternate translation: "God will wipe away their sadness, like wiping away tears" or "God will cause them to not be sad anymore" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/05.md b/rev/21/05.md index 0ebaf59bfe..fdbadd9cf2 100644 --- a/rev/21/05.md +++ b/rev/21/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these words are trustworthy and true Here "words" refers to the message that they formed. Alternate translation: "this message is trustworthy and true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/06.md b/rev/21/06.md index beddd396d6..db36a0ab18 100644 --- a/rev/21/06.md +++ b/rev/21/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the one who began all things and the one who will caus # To the one who thirsts ... water of life God speaks of a person's desire for eternal life as if it were thirst and of that person receiving eternal life as if he were drinking life-giving water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/07.md b/rev/21/07.md index ab1ee5106a..e7b0039687 100644 --- a/rev/21/07.md +++ b/rev/21/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Connecting Statement: The one seated on the throne continues to speak to John. - diff --git a/rev/21/08.md b/rev/21/08.md index c041a65634..51ab913f98 100644 --- a/rev/21/08.md +++ b/rev/21/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # the second death "dying a second time." This is described as eternal punishment in the lake of fire in [Revelation 20:14](../20/14.md) and [Revelation 21:8](./08.md). See how you translated this in [Revelation 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: "the final death in the lake of fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/09.md b/rev/21/09.md index dc215afa2f..2a2ce10420 100644 --- a/rev/21/09.md +++ b/rev/21/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel speaks of Jerusalem as if it were a woman who is about to marry her gr # the Lamb This is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/10.md b/rev/21/10.md index a70f1f7ea8..7eb5f4d000 100644 --- a/rev/21/10.md +++ b/rev/21/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # carried me away in the Spirit The setting changes as John is taken to a high mountain where he can see the city of Jerusalem. See how you translated this phrase in [Revelation 17:3](../17/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/11.md b/rev/21/11.md index a913ec2a01..937575d318 100644 --- a/rev/21/11.md +++ b/rev/21/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the brill # jasper This is a valuable stone. Jasper may have been clear like glass or crystal. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:3](../04/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/12.md b/rev/21/12.md index 63f356ba4a..e063ffd349 100644 --- a/rev/21/12.md +++ b/rev/21/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # were written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone had written" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/13.md b/rev/21/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/21/13.md +++ b/rev/21/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/21/14.md b/rev/21/14.md index d2554f90af..d7712418ab 100644 --- a/rev/21/14.md +++ b/rev/21/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lamb This refers to Jesus. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). - diff --git a/rev/21/15.md b/rev/21/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/21/15.md +++ b/rev/21/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/21/16.md b/rev/21/16.md index eb6af9723c..02d64c6d58 100644 --- a/rev/21/16.md +++ b/rev/21/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twelve thousand stadia "12,000 stadia." You may convert this to modern measures. Alternate translation: "2,200 kilometers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/17.md b/rev/21/17.md index b07dc2b1eb..0a4cf08781 100644 --- a/rev/21/17.md +++ b/rev/21/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # 144 cubits "one hundred forty-four cubits." You may convert this to modern measures. Alternate translation: "66 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/18.md b/rev/21/18.md index e552f44ed0..49c589d290 100644 --- a/rev/21/18.md +++ b/rev/21/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The gold was so clear that it is spoken of as if it were glass. (See: [[rc://en/ # jasper This is a valuable stone. Jasper may have been clear like glass or crystal. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:3](../04/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/19.md b/rev/21/19.md index efea3f0175..6e6dddb8e2 100644 --- a/rev/21/19.md +++ b/rev/21/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone adorned the f # jasper ... sapphire ... agate ... emerald These are valuable stones. Jasper may have been clear like glass or crystal. See how you translated it in [Revelation 4:3](../04/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/20.md b/rev/21/20.md index b8d54f36d7..6ada2be57a 100644 --- a/rev/21/20.md +++ b/rev/21/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # onyx ... chrysolite ... beryl ... topaz ... chrysoprase ... jacinth ... amethyst These are all valuable gems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/21.md b/rev/21/21.md index a607f7dca5..2746803d4d 100644 --- a/rev/21/21.md +++ b/rev/21/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone had made each # pure gold, like transparent glass The gold was so clear that it is spoken of as if it were glass. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 21:18](../21/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/22.md b/rev/21/22.md index 5424d212c9..38c7d424c1 100644 --- a/rev/21/22.md +++ b/rev/21/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Lord God ... and the Lamb are its temple The temple represented God's presence. This means the new Jerusalem does not need a temple because God and the Lamb will live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/23.md b/rev/21/23.md index 1f0bef603d..e11f53316f 100644 --- a/rev/21/23.md +++ b/rev/21/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # its lamp is the Lamb Here the glory of Jesus, the Lamb, is spoken of as if it were a lamp that gives light to the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/24.md b/rev/21/24.md index 00b16585c2..d21a01fe49 100644 --- a/rev/21/24.md +++ b/rev/21/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The nations will walk The words "the nations" are a metonym for the people who live in the nations. "Walk" here is a metaphor for "live." Alternate translation: "The people from all the different nations will live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/25.md b/rev/21/25.md index 8dc2acd037..3bc7e8f24b 100644 --- a/rev/21/25.md +++ b/rev/21/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Its gates will not be shut This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one will shut the gates" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/26.md b/rev/21/26.md index 0f05e70515..2790a89c1a 100644 --- a/rev/21/26.md +++ b/rev/21/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will bring "The kings of the earth will bring" - diff --git a/rev/21/27.md b/rev/21/27.md index 1359269778..1358c09ad5 100644 --- a/rev/21/27.md +++ b/rev/21/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but only those whose # the Lamb This is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/21/intro.md b/rev/21/intro.md index 4f1d0fd361..e037a0b072 100644 --- a/rev/21/intro.md +++ b/rev/21/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,24 @@ # Revelation 21 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter gives a detailed picture of the new Jerusalem. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Second death +### Second death Death is a type of separation. The first death is physically dying, when the soul is separated from the body. The second death is being eternally separated from God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/soul]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Book of Life +### Book of Life This is a metaphor for eternal life. Those possessing eternal life are said to have their names written in this Book of Life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### New heaven and new earth +### New heaven and new earth It is unclear whether this is an entirely new heaven and earth or if it is remade out of the present heaven and earth. The same is also true of the new Jerusalem. It is possible this will affect translation in some languages. The word "new" in the original language means different and better than the old. It does not mean new in time. @@ -27,4 +27,3 @@ It is unclear whether this is an entirely new heaven and earth or if it is remad * __[Revelation 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rev/22/01.md b/rev/22/01.md index 437c905891..7ad61a3b51 100644 --- a/rev/22/01.md +++ b/rev/22/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Eternal life is spoken of as if it were provided by life-giving water. See how y # the Lamb This is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/02.md b/rev/22/02.md index c29808af4d..72b5ec8bf5 100644 --- a/rev/22/02.md +++ b/rev/22/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the nations Here "nations" refers to the people who live in every nation. Alternate translation: "the people of all nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/03.md b/rev/22/03.md index d898c6b32b..116e5234cf 100644 --- a/rev/22/03.md +++ b/rev/22/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "There will never be anyone there that God will curse" # his servants will serve him Possible meanings of "his" and "him" are 1) both words refer to God the Father, or 2) both words refer to both God and the Lamb, who rule together as one. - diff --git a/rev/22/04.md b/rev/22/04.md index dd8eca266e..7c1fb8b6e7 100644 --- a/rev/22/04.md +++ b/rev/22/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # They will see his face This is an idiom, meaning to be in God's presence. Alternate translation: "They will be in God's presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/05.md b/rev/22/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/22/05.md +++ b/rev/22/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/22/06.md b/rev/22/06.md index dcbbcf383b..485aa7c478 100644 --- a/rev/22/06.md +++ b/rev/22/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "words" refers to a message. See how you translated this in [Revelation 21: # the God of the spirits of the prophets Possible meanings are 1) the word "spirits" refers to the inward disposition of the prophets and indicates that God inspires them. Alternate translation: "God who inspires the prophets" or 2) the word "spirits" refers to the Holy Spirit who inspires the prophets. Alternate translation: "God who gives his Spirit to the prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/07.md b/rev/22/07.md index 783da97cca..581096a161 100644 --- a/rev/22/07.md +++ b/rev/22/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ It is understood that he is coming in order to judge. See how you translated thi # the words of the prophecy of this book Here "words" refers to a message. Alternate translation: "the prophetic message of this book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/08.md b/rev/22/08.md index 8039fbc86f..923cc9873f 100644 --- a/rev/22/08.md +++ b/rev/22/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ John tells his readers about how he responded to the angel. # I fell down to worship at the feet This means that John purposely lay on the ground and stretched himself out in reverence or submission. This action was an important part of worship, to show respect and willingness to serve. See how you translated similar words in [Revelation 19:10](../19/10.md). - diff --git a/rev/22/09.md b/rev/22/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/22/09.md +++ b/rev/22/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/22/10.md b/rev/22/10.md index 682e5da5e1..837eb19be6 100644 --- a/rev/22/10.md +++ b/rev/22/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To seal a book was to keep it closed with something that makes it impossible for # the words of the prophecy of this book Here "words" refers to a message. See how you translated this in [Revelation 22:7](../22/07.md). Alternate translation: "the prophetic message of this book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/11.md b/rev/22/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rev/22/11.md +++ b/rev/22/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rev/22/12.md b/rev/22/12.md index 7fdf415af3..344b1a8423 100644 --- a/rev/22/12.md +++ b/rev/22/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: As the book of Revelation is ending, Jesus gives a closing greeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-endofstory]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/13.md b/rev/22/13.md index b12e3bbe58..2627244073 100644 --- a/rev/22/13.md +++ b/rev/22/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the eternal nature of Jesus. See how you translated this in [Reve # the beginning and the end Possible meanings are 1) "the one who began all things and the one who will cause all things to end" or 2) "the one who existed before all things and who will exist after all things." See how you translated this in [Revelation 21:6](../21/06.md). - diff --git a/rev/22/14.md b/rev/22/14.md index 7dee845d2d..16a8ef3873 100644 --- a/rev/22/14.md +++ b/rev/22/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesus continues giving his closing greeting. # those who wash their robes so that Becoming righteous is spoken of as if it were washing one's clothing. See how you translated as similar phrase in [Revelation 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: "those who have become righteous, as if they have washed their robes, so that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/15.md b/rev/22/15.md index 7ce1f22040..d87726a42f 100644 --- a/rev/22/15.md +++ b/rev/22/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means they are outside the city and not allowed to enter. # are the dogs In that culture the dog was an unclean, despised animal. Here the word "dogs" is derogatory and refers to people who are wicked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/16.md b/rev/22/16.md index 8d76c402eb..6fb9076e20 100644 --- a/rev/22/16.md +++ b/rev/22/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The words "root" and "descendant" mean basically the same thing. Jesus speaks of # the bright morning star Jesus speaks of himself as if he were the bright star that sometimes appears early in the morning and indicates that a new day is about to begin. See how you translated "morning star" in [Revelation 2:28](../02/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/17.md b/rev/22/17.md index 2a27c2ff2d..126ad0c5e1 100644 --- a/rev/22/17.md +++ b/rev/22/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A person's desire for eternal life is spoken of as if it were thirst and of that # the water of life Eternal life is spoken of as if it were provided by life-giving water. See how you translated this in [Revelation 21:6](../21/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/18.md b/rev/22/18.md index f08a2ef648..b81045fabc 100644 --- a/rev/22/18.md +++ b/rev/22/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is a strong warning to not change anything about this prophecy. # that are written about in this book This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which I have written about in this book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rev/22/19.md b/rev/22/19.md index 660a6844ed..de18e1a66b 100644 --- a/rev/22/19.md +++ b/rev/22/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If anyone takes away ... God will take away This is a strong warning to not change anything about this prophecy. - diff --git a/rev/22/20.md b/rev/22/20.md index 1f287530d2..1ce4ac8a7f 100644 --- a/rev/22/20.md +++ b/rev/22/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In these verses John gives his and Jesus's closing greetings. # The one who testifies to these things says "Jesus, who testifies to these things, says" - diff --git a/rev/22/21.md b/rev/22/21.md index b35652087f..c7c7940eea 100644 --- a/rev/22/21.md +++ b/rev/22/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with all "with every one of you" - diff --git a/rev/22/intro.md b/rev/22/intro.md index 97522983b1..5859a6dda3 100644 --- a/rev/22/intro.md +++ b/rev/22/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,23 @@ # Revelation 22 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter emphasizes that Jesus is coming soon. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Tree of life +### Tree of life -There is probably an intended connection between the tree of life in the Garden of Eden and the tree of life mentioned in this chapter. The curse that began in Eden will end at this time. +There is probably an intended connection between the tree of life in the Garden of Eden and the tree of life mentioned in this chapter. The curse that began in Eden will end at this time. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Alpha and omega +### Alpha and omega + +These are the names of the first and last letters in the Greek alphabet. The ULB spells out their names in English. This strategy can serve as a model for translators. Some translators, however, may decide to use the first and last letters in their own alphabet. This would be "A and Z" in English. -These are the names of the first and last letters in the Greek alphabet. The ULB spells out their names in English. This strategy can serve as a model for translators. Some translators, however, may decide to use the first and last letters in their own alphabet. This would be "A and Z" in English. ## Links: * __[Revelation 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../21/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/rev/front/intro.md b/rev/front/intro.md index fe016e3a7e..dd292432c9 100644 --- a/rev/front/intro.md +++ b/rev/front/intro.md @@ -53,9 +53,10 @@ One does not need to understand all of the symbols in the Book of Revelation to ### How are the ideas of "holy" and "sanctify" represented in Revelation in the ULB? The scriptures use these words to indicate any one of various ideas. For this reason, it is often difficult for translators to represent them well in their versions. In translating Revelation into English, the ULB uses the following principles: + * The meaning in two passages indicates moral holiness. Here, the ULB uses "holy." (See: 14:12; 22:11) * Usually the meaning in Revelation indicates a simple reference to Christians without implying any particular role filled by them. In these cases, the ULB uses "believer" or "believers." (See: 5:8; 8:3, 4; 11:18; 13:7; 16:6; 17:6; 18:20, 24; 19:8; 20:9) -* Sometimes the meaning implies the idea of someone or something set apart for God alone. In these cases, the ULB uses "sanctify," "set apart," "dedicated to," or "reserved for." +* Sometimes the meaning implies the idea of someone or something set apart for God alone. In these cases, the ULB uses "sanctify," "set apart," "dedicated to," or "reserved for." The UDB will often be helpful as translators think about how to represent these ideas in their own versions. @@ -75,7 +76,6 @@ For the following verses, some modern versions of the Bible differ from older ve * "the one who is and who was, the Holy One" (16:5). Some older translations read, "O Lord, the One who is and who was and who is to be." * "The nations will walk by the light of that city" (21:24). Some older translations read, "The nations that are saved will walk by the light of that city." * "Blessed are those who wash their robes" (22:14). Some older translations read "Blessed are those who do his commandments." -* "God will take away his share in the tree of life and in the holy city" (22:19). Some older translations read, "God will take away his share in the book of life and in the holy city." +* "God will take away his share in the tree of life and in the holy city" (22:19). Some older translations read, "God will take away his share in the book of life and in the holy city." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/01.md b/rom/01/01.md index 701a16d6f9..8ea9bff8fe 100644 --- a/rom/01/01.md +++ b/rom/01/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Christ. God ca # called appointed or chosen by God to be his child, to be his servant and proclaimer of his message of salvation through Jesus - diff --git a/rom/01/02.md b/rom/01/02.md index 4e75154c67..85c000a4c2 100644 --- a/rom/01/02.md +++ b/rom/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # which he promised beforehand by his prophets in the holy scriptures God promised his people that he would set up his kingdom. He told the prophets to write these promises in the Scriptures. - diff --git a/rom/01/03.md b/rom/01/03.md index cad4239f1a..565c9f55f2 100644 --- a/rom/01/03.md +++ b/rom/01/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # who was a descendant of David according to the flesh Here the word "flesh" refers to the physical body. Alternate translation: "who is a descendant of David according to the physical nature" or "who was born into the family of David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/04.md b/rom/01/04.md index bc08139e1f..4980ef4609 100644 --- a/rom/01/04.md +++ b/rom/01/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "he" refers to Jesus Christ. You can translate this in an active form. # Spirit of holiness This refers to the Holy Spirit. - diff --git a/rom/01/05.md b/rom/01/05.md index 74b777f74d..1661e26c3a 100644 --- a/rom/01/05.md +++ b/rom/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God has given Paul the gift of being an apostle. You can translate this in an ac # for obedience of faith among all the nations, for the sake of his name Paul uses the word "name" as a metonym to refer to Jesus. Alternate translation: "in order to teach all nations to obey because of their faith in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/06.md b/rom/01/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/01/06.md +++ b/rom/01/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/01/07.md b/rom/01/07.md index d528183ec6..f7e7cd955f 100644 --- a/rom/01/07.md +++ b/rom/01/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "May God give y # God our Father The word "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/08.md b/rom/01/08.md index 6349cb5749..9ac8e686c5 100644 --- a/rom/01/08.md +++ b/rom/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the whole world the world Paul and his readers knew and could travel in, which was the Roman Empire - diff --git a/rom/01/09.md b/rom/01/09.md index 3b7bb9d9fc..4a2a2928e1 100644 --- a/rom/01/09.md +++ b/rom/01/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # I make mention of you "I talk to God about you" - diff --git a/rom/01/10.md b/rom/01/10.md index eebf7fcdb0..822e1e0dca 100644 --- a/rom/01/10.md +++ b/rom/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # now by the will of God "now, because God desires it," - diff --git a/rom/01/11.md b/rom/01/11.md index 92ce440c85..c633fef62f 100644 --- a/rom/01/11.md +++ b/rom/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul continues his opening statements to the people in Rome by stating his desir # some spiritual gift, in order to strengthen you Paul wants to strengthen the Roman Christians spiritually. Alternate translation: "some gift that will help you to grow spiritually" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/12.md b/rom/01/12.md index e12ac5194f..1b6c9e821b 100644 --- a/rom/01/12.md +++ b/rom/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # That is, I long to be mutually encouraged among you, through each other's faith, yours and mine You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "I mean that I want us to encourage each other by sharing our experiences of faith in Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/13.md b/rom/01/13.md index b5c472a58b..4adf84c5b9 100644 --- a/rom/01/13.md +++ b/rom/01/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "fruit" is a metaphor that represents people in Rome whom Paul wants to # the rest of the Gentiles the Gentiles in the other regions where he had gone - diff --git a/rom/01/14.md b/rom/01/14.md index 65204b1918..7fd0692d61 100644 --- a/rom/01/14.md +++ b/rom/01/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I am a debtor both to Using the metaphor "debtor," Paul speaks of his duty to serve God as if he owed God a financial debt. Alternate translation: "I must take the gospel to" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/15.md b/rom/01/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/01/15.md +++ b/rom/01/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/01/16.md b/rom/01/16.md index f763bc2cae..f68100e17b 100644 --- a/rom/01/16.md +++ b/rom/01/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "believes" means that one puts his trust in Christ. Alternate translation: # first Here "first" means coming before all others in order of time. - diff --git a/rom/01/17.md b/rom/01/17.md index 9ee0eb6951..698637db48 100644 --- a/rom/01/17.md +++ b/rom/01/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the words "by faith" describe "righteous," and those wh # The righteous The word "righteous" can be written as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Righteous people" or "A person who is righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/18.md b/rom/01/18.md index dc1744e3de..6f620073d4 100644 --- a/rom/01/18.md +++ b/rom/01/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "ungodliness" and "unrighteousness" are abstract nouns that can be exp # hold back the truth Here "truth" refers to true information about God. Alternate translation: "hide the true information about God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/19.md b/rom/01/19.md index 7b85b44d0b..e66642528e 100644 --- a/rom/01/19.md +++ b/rom/01/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "they can know # For God has enlightened them Here "enlightened them" means God has shown them the truth about him. Alternate translation: "Because God has shown everyone what he is like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/20.md b/rom/01/20.md index 9882f0fb77..a0fa1480d8 100644 --- a/rom/01/20.md +++ b/rom/01/20.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ This refers to the heavens and the earth, as well as everything in them. -# his invisible qualities, namely his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly seen +# his invisible qualities, namely his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly seen Paul speaks of people understanding God's invisible qualities as if people have seen those qualities. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people have clearly understood God's invisible qualities, namely his eternal power and divine nature" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Paul speaks of people understanding God's invisible qualities as if people have "all the qualities and characteristics of God" or "the things about God that make him God" -# having been discerned +# having been discerned This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "because people have discerned them" or "because people have understood them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "in the things tha # they are without excuse "people do not have an excuse" or "these people can never say that they did not know" - diff --git a/rom/01/21.md b/rom/01/21.md index cd8d0808bd..4289e686d7 100644 --- a/rom/01/21.md +++ b/rom/01/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # their senseless hearts were darkened Here "darkness" is a metaphor that represents the people's lack of understanding. Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's mind or inner being. Alternate translation: "they became unable to understand what God wanted them to know" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/22.md b/rom/01/22.md index f151fdf2b7..2580a1f8ee 100644 --- a/rom/01/22.md +++ b/rom/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They ... they the people in [Romans 1:18](../01/18.md) - diff --git a/rom/01/23.md b/rom/01/23.md index 882fceb333..fc288430b1 100644 --- a/rom/01/23.md +++ b/rom/01/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # of birds, of four-footed beasts, and of creeping things "or that looked like birds, four-footed beasts, or creeping things" - diff --git a/rom/01/24.md b/rom/01/24.md index 0218bab6ca..b9465af1ab 100644 --- a/rom/01/24.md +++ b/rom/01/24.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "lusts of their hearts" is a synecdoche that represents the evil things the # for their bodies to be dishonored among themselves This is a euphemism that means they committed immoral sexual acts. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "and they committed sexually immoral and degrading acts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/25.md b/rom/01/25.md index dcb7d2c8e2..07c0404f7b 100644 --- a/rom/01/25.md +++ b/rom/01/25.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "creation" refers to what God created. Alternate translation: "They worship # instead of "rather than" - diff --git a/rom/01/26.md b/rom/01/26.md index 4a019e70d8..837e621168 100644 --- a/rom/01/26.md +++ b/rom/01/26.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # exchanged natural relations for those that were unnatural The idea of relations "that were unnatural" is a euphemism for immoral sexuality. Alternate translation: "started practicing sexuality in a way God did not design" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/27.md b/rom/01/27.md index 2a0d4ece99..3df205f5c7 100644 --- a/rom/01/27.md +++ b/rom/01/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "natural relations" is a euphemism for sexual relationships. Alternate tran # error moral wrong, not a mistake about facts - diff --git a/rom/01/28.md b/rom/01/28.md index 093a6c6c6b..0914f4c850 100644 --- a/rom/01/28.md +++ b/rom/01/28.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "a corrupted mind" means a mind that thinks only about immoral things. Alte # not proper "disgraceful" or "sinful" - diff --git a/rom/01/29.md b/rom/01/29.md index e0048a1e3c..edb0729667 100644 --- a/rom/01/29.md +++ b/rom/01/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "They have in t # They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, and evil intentions "Many are constantly envying other people ... Many constantly desire to murder people ... to cause arguments and quarrels among people ... to deceive others ... to speak hatefully about others" - diff --git a/rom/01/30.md b/rom/01/30.md index e984ab63d9..8307f72850 100644 --- a/rom/01/30.md +++ b/rom/01/30.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ A slanderer says false things about another person in order to damage that perso # inventing ways of doing evil "thinking of new ways to do evil things to others" - diff --git a/rom/01/31.md b/rom/01/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/01/31.md +++ b/rom/01/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/01/32.md b/rom/01/32.md index 548d61da49..0535f3ee68 100644 --- a/rom/01/32.md +++ b/rom/01/32.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "practice" refers to continually or habitually doing things that are evil. # who do them Here the verb "do" refers to continuing to do things that are evil. Alternate translation: "who keep on doing evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/01/intro.md b/rom/01/intro.md index c6cce3b19e..2d8b25fc8b 100644 --- a/rom/01/intro.md +++ b/rom/01/intro.md @@ -1,29 +1,32 @@ # Romans 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -The first verse is a type of introduction. People in the ancient Mediterranean region often started their letters this way. Sometimes this is called a "salutation." +The first verse is a type of introduction. People in the ancient Mediterranean region often started their letters this way. Sometimes this is called a "salutation." -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The gospel -#### The gospel When Paul writes of "the gospel" in this chapter (verses 1, 2, 9, 15, 16, 17), he is referring to the message about God's salvation for people through Jesus's sacrifice on the cross. -#### Harvest +### Harvest + This chapter uses the image of a harvest ([1:13](./13.md)) to speak of the Roman Christians doing good works because they believe what Paul has told them about Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -#### Universal Condemnation and the Wrath of God +### Universal Condemnation and the Wrath of God + This chapter explains that everyone is without excuse. We all know about the true God, Yahweh, from his creation all around us. Because of our sin and our sinful nature, every person justly deserves the wrath of God. This wrath was satisfied by Jesus dying on a cross for those who believe in him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### "God gave them over" +### "God gave them over" Many scholars view the phrases "God gave them over" and "God gave them up" as theologically significant. In both cases, it means that God had stopped trying to teach the people the right way and had allowed them to do whatever they want, even though everything they wanted to do was evil. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Difficult phrases and concepts +### Difficult phrases and concepts This chapter has many difficult ideas in it. The way Paul writes makes many of the phrases in this chapter difficult to translate. The translator may need to use the UDB to understand the meaning of the phrases and then translate them in a way that is easy for people to understand. Some of the difficult phrases include: "obedience of faith," "whom I serve in my spirit," "from faith to faith" and "exchanged the glory of the imperishable God for the likenesses of an image of perishable man." @@ -33,4 +36,3 @@ This chapter has many difficult ideas in it. The way Paul writes makes many of t * __[Romans intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/02/01.md b/rom/02/01.md index c824cd683c..bc9d7cca37 100644 --- a/rom/02/01.md +++ b/rom/02/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here the pronoun "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) # you person Another possible meaning is "whoever you are." - diff --git a/rom/02/02.md b/rom/02/02.md index 294b7c3083..f573ad9bad 100644 --- a/rom/02/02.md +++ b/rom/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ -ƒ# But we know +ƒ + +# But we know Here the pronoun "we" may include Christian believers and also Jews who are not Christians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) @@ -9,4 +11,3 @@ Here Paul speaks of "God's judgment" as if it were alive and could "fall" on peo # those who practice such things "the people who do those wicked deeds" - diff --git a/rom/02/03.md b/rom/02/03.md index 6bc52c8b96..99a6100548 100644 --- a/rom/02/03.md +++ b/rom/02/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Use the phrase "you, whoever you are" or use "you," (with the comma), followed b # Will you escape from the judgment of God? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. You can also translate this question as a strong negative statement. Alternate translation: "You will certainly not escape God's judgment!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/04.md b/rom/02/04.md index 7d6fc757ff..d5aa8f84fb 100644 --- a/rom/02/04.md +++ b/rom/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. You can also tran # Do you not know that his kindness is meant to lead you to repentance? This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. You can also translate this as a strong statement. Alternate translation: "You must know that God shows you he is good so that you might repent!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/05.md b/rom/02/05.md index 27a2a133a6..4a8055f03c 100644 --- a/rom/02/05.md +++ b/rom/02/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The phrase "storing up" implies a metaphor that usually refers to a person gathe # on the day of wrath ... the day of the revelation of God's righteous judgment Both of these phrases refer to the same day. Alternate translation: "when God will show everyone that he is angry and that he judges all people fairly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/06.md b/rom/02/06.md index 9f5cc86e48..983f09fad2 100644 --- a/rom/02/06.md +++ b/rom/02/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # to every person according to his actions "each person according to what that person has done" - diff --git a/rom/02/07.md b/rom/02/07.md index ee5e9226a9..5800375909 100644 --- a/rom/02/07.md +++ b/rom/02/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ They want God to praise and honor them, and they want to never die. # incorruptibility This refers to physical, not moral, decay. - diff --git a/rom/02/08.md b/rom/02/08.md index 1aea5b9419..6fa591cb6e 100644 --- a/rom/02/08.md +++ b/rom/02/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "wrath" and "fierce anger" mean basically the same thing and emphasize # wrath Here the word "wrath" is a metonym that refers to God's severe punishment of wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/09.md b/rom/02/09.md index 4813e85244..6e7e8f909d 100644 --- a/rom/02/09.md +++ b/rom/02/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here, Paul uses the word "soul" as a synecdoche that refers to the whole person. # first Possible meanings are 1) "first in order of time" or 2) "most certainly" - diff --git a/rom/02/10.md b/rom/02/10.md index db44379af1..b60faddfd3 100644 --- a/rom/02/10.md +++ b/rom/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # first You should translate this the same way you did in [Romans 2:9](../02/09.md). - diff --git a/rom/02/11.md b/rom/02/11.md index 0906e08412..fd1751b9e6 100644 --- a/rom/02/11.md +++ b/rom/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For there is no partiality with God You can translate this in a positive form. Alternate translation: "For God treats all people the same" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/12.md b/rom/02/12.md index 81aa5511af..fcb37d6ab9 100644 --- a/rom/02/12.md +++ b/rom/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul repeats "without the law" to emphasize that it does not matter if people do # with respect to the law will be judged by the law God will judge sinful people according to his law. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "and who do know the law of Moses, God will judge them according to that law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/13.md b/rom/02/13.md index 1ad60108d9..f7d1f0200a 100644 --- a/rom/02/13.md +++ b/rom/02/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "the law" refers to the law of Moses. Alternate translation: "it is not tho # who will be justified You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "whom God will accept" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/14.md b/rom/02/14.md index a9426230a1..c951958fb7 100644 --- a/rom/02/14.md +++ b/rom/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is an idiom that means that these people naturally obey God's laws. Alterna # they do not have the law Here "the law" refers to the law of Moses." Alternate translation: "they do not actually have the laws that God gave to Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/15.md b/rom/02/15.md index c4be78d6b7..e3f3dd2f07 100644 --- a/rom/02/15.md +++ b/rom/02/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "hearts" is a metonym for the person's thoughts or inner person. The phrase # bears witness to them Here "bears witness" refers to the knowledge they gain from the law that God has written in their hearts. Alternate translation: "tells them if they are disobeying or obeying God's law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/16.md b/rom/02/16.md index 58a762a41d..33e16ee513 100644 --- a/rom/02/16.md +++ b/rom/02/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when God will judge This finishes Paul's thought from [Romans 2:13](../02/13.md). You can put a period at the end of 2:15 and start a new sentence here. Alternate translation: "This will happen when God judges" - diff --git a/rom/02/17.md b/rom/02/17.md index 1cae5b93a4..ecb89b4a2e 100644 --- a/rom/02/17.md +++ b/rom/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here begins Paul's discussion that the law the Jews possess actually condemns th # rest upon the law The phrase "rest upon the law" represents believing that they can become righteous by obeying the law. Alternate translation: "rely on the law of Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/18.md b/rom/02/18.md index e656b41c6a..4e215afd20 100644 --- a/rom/02/18.md +++ b/rom/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # because you have been instructed from the law This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because people have taught you what is right from the law" or "because you have learned from the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/19.md b/rom/02/19.md index 0c043a4517..0ec61ad0c9 100644 --- a/rom/02/19.md +++ b/rom/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that you yourself are a guide to the blind, a light to those who are in darkness Here "the blind" and "those who walk in darkness" represent people who do not understand the law. Alternate translation: "that because you teach the law, you yourself are like a guide to blind people, and you are like a light to people who are lost in the dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/20.md b/rom/02/20.md index a130fa74dd..e38950b48c 100644 --- a/rom/02/20.md +++ b/rom/02/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Paul compares those who do not know anything about the law to very small ch # and that you have in the law the form of knowledge and of the truth The knowledge of the truth that is in the law comes from God. Alternate translation: "and you are sure you understand the truth that God has given in the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/21.md b/rom/02/21.md index c243444117..11d2490a65 100644 --- a/rom/02/21.md +++ b/rom/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is using a question to scold his listeners. You can translate this as a str # You who preach against stealing, do you steal? Paul is using a question to scold his listeners. You can translate this as a strong statement. Alternate translation: "You tell people not to steal, but you steal!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/22.md b/rom/02/22.md index 9798a6bebb..bab5cea79d 100644 --- a/rom/02/22.md +++ b/rom/02/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is using a question to scold his listener. You can translate this as a stro # do you rob temples Possible meanings are 1) "do you steal items from local pagan temples to sell and make a profit" or 2) "do you keep back from the Jerusalem temple all the money that is due to God" - diff --git a/rom/02/23.md b/rom/02/23.md index 1d5de16ad3..f4751d1388 100644 --- a/rom/02/23.md +++ b/rom/02/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # You who boast in the law, do you dishonor God by transgressing the law? Paul uses a question to scold his listener. You can translate this as a strong statement. Alternate translation: "It is wicked that you claim to be proud of the law while at the same time you disobey it and bring shame to God!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/24.md b/rom/02/24.md index e917dfa015..cb2a81dfaa 100644 --- a/rom/02/24.md +++ b/rom/02/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "many Gentiles # name of God The word "name" is a metonym that refers to the entirety of God, not just his name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/25.md b/rom/02/25.md index 7844bfda8c..a67f8bfe03 100644 --- a/rom/02/25.md +++ b/rom/02/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul continues to show that God, by his law, condemns even the Jews who have God # your circumcision becomes uncircumcision "it is as though you were no longer circumcised" - diff --git a/rom/02/26.md b/rom/02/26.md index ab831aee5b..ea9759e1bd 100644 --- a/rom/02/26.md +++ b/rom/02/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # will not his uncircumcision be considered as circumcision? This is the first of two questions Paul asks here to emphasize that circumcision is not what makes one right before God. You can translate this question as a statement in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will consider him as circumcised." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/27.md b/rom/02/27.md index ea27f366ba..c26804e620 100644 --- a/rom/02/27.md +++ b/rom/02/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # And will not the one who is naturally uncircumcised condemn you ... the law? This is the second of two questions that Paul asks here (the first is in [Romans 2:26](./26.md)) to emphasize that circumcision is not what makes one right before God. You can translate this question as a statement in an active form. Alternate translation: "The one who is not physically circumcised will condemn you ... the law." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/28.md b/rom/02/28.md index 8e3565eaa0..5fea71a84b 100644 --- a/rom/02/28.md +++ b/rom/02/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the physical change to a man's body when someone circumcises him. # flesh This is a synecdoche for the whole body. Alternate translation: "body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rom/02/29.md b/rom/02/29.md index 1dd1b5f894..940b8131f7 100644 --- a/rom/02/29.md +++ b/rom/02/29.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "letter" is a synecdoche that refers to written Scripture. Alternate transl # in the Spirit This refers to the internal, spiritual part of a person that the Holy Spirit changes. - diff --git a/rom/02/intro.md b/rom/02/intro.md index 1f3c48c891..98acd6ab94 100644 --- a/rom/02/intro.md +++ b/rom/02/intro.md @@ -1,25 +1,29 @@ # Romans 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter shifts its audience from Roman Christians to those who "judge" other people and do not believe in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]]) -#### "Therefore you are without excuse" -This phrase looks back at Chapter 1. In some ways, it actually concludes what Chapter 1 teaches. This phrase explains why everyone in the world must worship the true God. +### "Therefore you are without excuse" -### Special concepts in this chapter +This phrase looks back at Chapter 1. In some ways, it actually concludes what Chapter 1 teaches. This phrase explains why everyone in the world must worship the true God. + +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "Doers of the Law" -#### "Doers of the Law" Those who try to obey the law will not be justified by trying to obey it. Those who are justified by believing in Jesus show that their faith is real by obeying God's commands. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions Paul uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the readers see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "You who judge" -#### "You who judge" At times, this could be translated in a simpler way. But it is translated in this relatively awkward way because when Paul refers to "people who judge" he is also saying that everyone judges. It is possible to translate this as "those who judge (and everyone judges)." ## Links: @@ -27,4 +31,3 @@ At times, this could be translated in a simpler way. But it is translated in thi * __[Romans 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/03/01.md b/rom/03/01.md index fa26baf3fc..453f9ab10a 100644 --- a/rom/03/01.md +++ b/rom/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul proclaims the advantage that Jews have because God gave them his law. # Then what advantage does the Jew have? And what is the benefit of circumcision? Paul presents ideas that people might have after they hear what he wrote in chapter 2. He does this in order to respond to them in verse 2. Alternate translation: "Some people might say, 'Then what advantage does the Jew have? And what is the benefit of circumcision?'" or "Some people might say, 'If that is true, then the Jews do not have any advantage, and there is no benefit in being circumcised.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/02.md b/rom/03/02.md index e66e7af07b..4a4de46e0a 100644 --- a/rom/03/02.md +++ b/rom/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "First in order of time" or 2) "Most certainly" or 3) " # the Jews were entrusted with revelation from God Here "revelation" refers to God's words and promises. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God gave his words that contain his promises to the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/03.md b/rom/03/03.md index 1e24b79e61..c8d0c10b69 100644 --- a/rom/03/03.md +++ b/rom/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For what if some Jews were without faith? Will their unbelief nullify God's faithfulness? Paul uses these questions to make people think. Alternate translation: "Some Jews have not been faithful to God. We should not conclude from this that God will not fulfill his promise." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/04.md b/rom/03/04.md index 0e3cd404e9..af60e22675 100644 --- a/rom/03/04.md +++ b/rom/03/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "The Scriptures # That you might be shown to be righteous in your words, and that you might prevail when you come into judgment These two phrases have very similar meanings. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Everyone must acknowledge that what you say is true, and you will always win your case when anyone accuses you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/05.md b/rom/03/05.md index 64e1196fc7..78e9ebdc19 100644 --- a/rom/03/05.md +++ b/rom/03/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "wrath" is a metonym for punishment. Alternate translation: "to bring his p # I am using a human argument "I am saying here what some people say" or "This is what some people say" - diff --git a/rom/03/06.md b/rom/03/06.md index d32fb7e953..8c1a7f7b44 100644 --- a/rom/03/06.md +++ b/rom/03/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses this question to show that the arguments against the gospel are not va # the world The "world" is a metonym for the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "the people who live in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/07.md b/rom/03/07.md index feb7c80cca..3a1c957b55 100644 --- a/rom/03/07.md +++ b/rom/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Paul imagines someone continuing to reject the Christian gospel. That adver # increases his glory "causes people to praise God for his glory" - diff --git a/rom/03/08.md b/rom/03/08.md index 433309897d..376516222f 100644 --- a/rom/03/08.md +++ b/rom/03/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that the speakers expect to receive good things. A # Their condemnation is just God will be acting justly when he condemns these enemies of Paul for telling lies about what Paul has been teaching. - diff --git a/rom/03/09.md b/rom/03/09.md index 08e2c5461e..cdbd440c56 100644 --- a/rom/03/09.md +++ b/rom/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul asks these questions to emphasize his point. Alternate translation: "We Jew # Not at all These words are stronger than a simple "no," but not as strong as "absolutely not!" - diff --git a/rom/03/10.md b/rom/03/10.md index 5594dd8d2a..ed3adcaa0f 100644 --- a/rom/03/10.md +++ b/rom/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # This is as it is written You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "This is as the prophets have written in the Scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/11.md b/rom/03/11.md index df9857c9f6..c8b2655984 100644 --- a/rom/03/11.md +++ b/rom/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ There is no one who understands what is right. Alternate translation: "no one re # there is no one who seeks God Here the phrase "seeks after God" means tries to have a relationship with God. Alternate translation: "no one sincerely tries to have a right relationship with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/12.md b/rom/03/12.md index 8968fb26fa..c6de5f9b49 100644 --- a/rom/03/12.md +++ b/rom/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an idiom that means the people do not even want to think about God. They # together they have become useless Since no one does what is good, they are useless to God. Alternate translation: "Everyone has become useless to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/13.md b/rom/03/13.md index d94954eb72..08616b1231 100644 --- a/rom/03/13.md +++ b/rom/03/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "tongues" is a metonym for the false words that people speak. Alternate # The poison of snakes is under their lips Here "poison of snakes" is a metaphor that is used to represent the great harm of the evil words that the people speak. The word "lips" refers to the words of the people. Alternate translation: "Their evil words injure people just like the poison of a venomous snake" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/14.md b/rom/03/14.md index 1cf4089e30..9e3e53fbf8 100644 --- a/rom/03/14.md +++ b/rom/03/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Their mouths are full of cursing and bitterness Here "mouths" is a metonym that represents the evil words of the people. The word "full" exaggerates how often people speak bitterly and curse. Alternate translation: "They often speak curses and cruel words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/15.md b/rom/03/15.md index e7cd116938..cfea75af5b 100644 --- a/rom/03/15.md +++ b/rom/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "feet" is a synecdoche that represents the people themselves. The word "blo # Their feet The word "their" refers to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](../03/09.md). - diff --git a/rom/03/16.md b/rom/03/16.md index 8a13b1f9bf..287636938d 100644 --- a/rom/03/16.md +++ b/rom/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "their" refers to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](../03/09.md). # Destruction and suffering are in their paths Here "destruction and suffering" are metonyms that represent the harm that these people cause others to suffer. Alternate translation: "They try to destroy others and cause them to suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/17.md b/rom/03/17.md index 194f4659cb..422476ab6f 100644 --- a/rom/03/17.md +++ b/rom/03/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These words refer to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](../03/09.md). # a way of peace "how to live at peace with others." A "way" is a road or path. - diff --git a/rom/03/18.md b/rom/03/18.md index bccab67ee9..397a95d7e6 100644 --- a/rom/03/18.md +++ b/rom/03/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word refers to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](../03/09.md). # There is no fear of God before their eyes Here "fear" is a metonym that represents respect for God and willingness to honor him. Alternate translation: "They refuse to give God the respect he deserves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/19.md b/rom/03/19.md index a4015bf76b..9b77af0259 100644 --- a/rom/03/19.md +++ b/rom/03/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "mouth" is a synecdoche that means the words people speak. You can translat # the whole world held accountable to God Here "world" is a synecdoche that represents all the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "that God can declare everyone in the world guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/20.md b/rom/03/20.md index b75aa22f37..fa98bcf10e 100644 --- a/rom/03/20.md +++ b/rom/03/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Therefore, through the law" or 2) "This is because thr # through the law comes the knowledge of sin "when someone knows God's law, he realizes that he has sinned" - diff --git a/rom/03/21.md b/rom/03/21.md index 655e05fb1d..8caf70ca67 100644 --- a/rom/03/21.md +++ b/rom/03/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God has made k # to which the Law and the Prophets bear witness The words "the Law and the Prophets" refer to the parts of scripture that Moses and the prophets wrote. Paul describes them here as if they were people testifying in court. Alternate translation: "What Moses and the prophets wrote confirms this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/22.md b/rom/03/22.md index e2ad13ea33..09c7ed05bc 100644 --- a/rom/03/22.md +++ b/rom/03/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "righteousness" means being right with God. Alternate translation: "being r # For there is no distinction Paul implies that God accepts all people in the same way. Alternate translation: "There is no difference at all between the Jews and the Gentiles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/23.md b/rom/03/23.md index a8f2093567..80fa464a84 100644 --- a/rom/03/23.md +++ b/rom/03/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # come short of the glory of God Here the "glory of God" is a metonym that refers to the image of God and his nature. Alternate translation: "have failed to be like God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/24.md b/rom/03/24.md index db40ce8bdd..a24e42f177 100644 --- a/rom/03/24.md +++ b/rom/03/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "justified" refers to being made right with God. You can translate this in # they are freely justified This means that they are justified without having to earn or merit being justified. God freely justifies them. Alternate translation: "they are made right with God without earning it" - diff --git a/rom/03/25.md b/rom/03/25.md index 275e25949b..9b07d79ebb 100644 --- a/rom/03/25.md +++ b/rom/03/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a metonym for the death of Jesus as a sacrifice for sins. Alternate tran # his disregard Possible meanings are 1) his ignoring or 2) his forgiving. - diff --git a/rom/03/26.md b/rom/03/26.md index d05fafd61d..9163c19d1a 100644 --- a/rom/03/26.md +++ b/rom/03/26.md @@ -2,12 +2,10 @@ "God did this to show at this present time that he is righteous" - # so he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus "By this he shows that he is both just and the the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus" - # the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus -"the one who declares everyone righteous who has faith in Jesus" \ No newline at end of file +"the one who declares everyone righteous who has faith in Jesus" diff --git a/rom/03/27.md b/rom/03/27.md index d76cc6f34d..c9e88071bc 100644 --- a/rom/03/27.md +++ b/rom/03/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You may need to fill in the words omitted in the ellipsis. Alternate translation # Through what kind of law? Of works? Paul asks these questions to get his readers ready to receive the point he is making. Alternate translation: "Let me tell you what kind of law he excludes it through. It is not through a law of works." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/28.md b/rom/03/28.md index fb9138f352..1967dc6a82 100644 --- a/rom/03/28.md +++ b/rom/03/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Here the words "by faith" refers to eithe # without works of the law "even if he has done no works of the law" - diff --git a/rom/03/29.md b/rom/03/29.md index 93958ee926..2f7de61bb5 100644 --- a/rom/03/29.md +++ b/rom/03/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul asks this question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "You who are Jews c # Is he not also the God of Gentiles? Yes, of Gentiles also Paul asks this question to emphasize his point. Alternate translation: "He will also accept non-Jews, that is, Gentiles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/30.md b/rom/03/30.md index 846b86642b..7d0a907631 100644 --- a/rom/03/30.md +++ b/rom/03/30.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he will justify the circumcision by faith, and the uncircumcision through faith Here "circumcision" is a metonym that refers to Jews and "uncircumcision" is a metonym that refers to non-Jews. Alternate translation: "God will make both Jews and non-Jews right with himself through their faith in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/31.md b/rom/03/31.md index 790deee554..860b673631 100644 --- a/rom/03/31.md +++ b/rom/03/31.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This expression gives the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rh # we This pronoun refers to Paul, other believers, and the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/03/intro.md b/rom/03/intro.md index e4356ec3f0..b762f9fb83 100644 --- a/rom/03/intro.md +++ b/rom/03/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ # Romans 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 4 and 10-18 of this chapter, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter Chapter 3 answers the question, "What advantage does being a Jew have over being a Gentile?" (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -#### "For all have sinned and come short of the glory of God" +### "For all have sinned and come short of the glory of God" + Because God is holy, anyone with him in heaven must be perfect. Any sin at all will condemn a person. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/condemn]]) -#### The purpose of the law of Moses +### The purpose of the law of Moses + Obeying the law cannot make a person right with God. Obeying God's law is a way a person shows they believe in God. People have always been justified only by faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions Paul frequently uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the readers see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]]) ## Links: @@ -24,4 +27,3 @@ Paul frequently uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent * __[Romans 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/04/01.md b/rom/04/01.md index 9d196293a4..25fbfe0134 100644 --- a/rom/04/01.md +++ b/rom/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What then will we say that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh, found? Paul uses the question to catch the attention of the reader and to start talking about something new. Alternate translation: "This is what Abraham our physical ancestor found." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/02.md b/rom/04/02.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/04/02.md +++ b/rom/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/04/03.md b/rom/04/03.md index 8bb6528be3..66837b7397 100644 --- a/rom/04/03.md +++ b/rom/04/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses this question to call attention to what he is about to say, not to rec # it was counted to him as righteousness You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God considered Abraham to be a righteous person because he believed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/04.md b/rom/04/04.md index d877deaf39..73561cef00 100644 --- a/rom/04/04.md +++ b/rom/04/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # but as what is owed You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "but as what his employer owes him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/05.md b/rom/04/05.md index c9f49610f1..c7e8466a99 100644 --- a/rom/04/05.md +++ b/rom/04/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # his faith is counted as righteousness You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God considers that person's faith as righteousness" or "God considers that person righteous because of his faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/06.md b/rom/04/06.md index a3ba5d3187..086bb37d1a 100644 --- a/rom/04/06.md +++ b/rom/04/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # David also pronounces blessing on the man to whom God counts righteousness without works "David also wrote about how God blesses the man whom God makes righteous without works" - diff --git a/rom/04/07.md b/rom/04/07.md index ca166bd351..9c79cb189a 100644 --- a/rom/04/07.md +++ b/rom/04/07.md @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ # whose lawless deeds are forgiven ... whose sins are covered -The same concept is stated in two different ways. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "who have broken the law, but the Lord has forgiven ... whose sins the Lord has covered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) +The same concept is stated in two different ways. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "who have broken the law, but the Lord has forgiven ... whose sins the Lord has covered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/04/08.md b/rom/04/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/04/08.md +++ b/rom/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/04/09.md b/rom/04/09.md index 89f9b05b52..4d8e2937cb 100644 --- a/rom/04/09.md +++ b/rom/04/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul is going to show that because God counted Abraham as righteous by faith, we # Faith was counted to Abraham as righteousness You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God considered the faith of Abraham as righteousness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/10.md b/rom/04/10.md index 0bbeaa3ae9..ac3130bc5a 100644 --- a/rom/04/10.md +++ b/rom/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is asking in a general way about the circumstances in which God considered # It was not after, but before This can be stated with the words that have been omitted in the ellipsis. Alternate translation: "It happened before he was circumcised, not after he was circumcised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/11.md b/rom/04/11.md index 6615088349..e6959901d5 100644 --- a/rom/04/11.md +++ b/rom/04/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "righteousness that he had by faith" means that God considered him to be ri # so that righteousness would be counted to them You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so that God would consider them righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/12.md b/rom/04/12.md index b4463387b5..8c5cd0ceb3 100644 --- a/rom/04/12.md +++ b/rom/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "the circumcision" refers to Jews. # who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had Here "walk in the footsteps of the faith" is an idiom that means to follow someone's example. Alternate translation: "who follow our father Abraham's example in the faith that he had" or "who have faith as our father Abraham did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/13.md b/rom/04/13.md index 1f7a90bab7..521b2f6f1a 100644 --- a/rom/04/13.md +++ b/rom/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul confirms that even in the past believers were made right with God by faith # law but through the righteousness of faith The words "the promise came" are understood from the first phrase. You can translate this by adding these implied words. Alternate translation: "law, but the promise came through faith, which God considers as righteousness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/14.md b/rom/04/14.md index 3427b58018..60861a99a7 100644 --- a/rom/04/14.md +++ b/rom/04/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "live by the law" refers to obeying the law. Alternate translation: "if tho # faith is made empty, and the promise does nothing "faith has no value, and the promise is meaningless" - diff --git a/rom/04/15.md b/rom/04/15.md index b884dfd7a1..08b8e034a9 100644 --- a/rom/04/15.md +++ b/rom/04/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # there is no transgression This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "transgression." Alternate translation: "no one has disobeyed the law" or "it is impossible to disobey the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/16.md b/rom/04/16.md index af045a98bd..d2fed274aa 100644 --- a/rom/04/16.md +++ b/rom/04/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This refers to those who have faith as Abraham did before he was circumcised. Al # father of us all Here the word "us" refers to Paul and includes all Jewish and non-Jewish believers in Christ. Abraham is the physical ancestor of the Jewish people, but he is also the spiritual father of those who have faith. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/17.md b/rom/04/17.md index 9a7dcaddb5..030959c311 100644 --- a/rom/04/17.md +++ b/rom/04/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "of him whom he trusted" refers to God. Alternate translation: "Abraham was # calls the things that do not exist into existence "creates everything from nothing" - diff --git a/rom/04/18.md b/rom/04/18.md index 19561ab096..45dfb4dc71 100644 --- a/rom/04/18.md +++ b/rom/04/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "just as God sa # So will your descendants be The full promise God gave to Abraham can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "You will have more descendants than you can count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/19.md b/rom/04/19.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/04/19.md +++ b/rom/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/04/20.md b/rom/04/20.md index f739e98019..5c20770b5d 100644 --- a/rom/04/20.md +++ b/rom/04/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this double negative in a positive form. Alternate translation # he was strengthened in faith You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "he became stronger in his faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/21.md b/rom/04/21.md index 59ab59d5a3..81f6ef098c 100644 --- a/rom/04/21.md +++ b/rom/04/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he was also able to accomplish "God was able to do" - diff --git a/rom/04/22.md b/rom/04/22.md index d3be6f7a7d..72d8319a56 100644 --- a/rom/04/22.md +++ b/rom/04/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Therefore God # also "counted to him as righteousness." "also, as the scripture says, 'counted to him as righteousness.'" - diff --git a/rom/04/23.md b/rom/04/23.md index 1413ef358e..36a55791b2 100644 --- a/rom/04/23.md +++ b/rom/04/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # it was counted to him You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God counted righteousness to him" or "God considered him righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/24.md b/rom/04/24.md index 8704ff3f12..f27434c22d 100644 --- a/rom/04/24.md +++ b/rom/04/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The word "it" refers to righteousness. You can translate this with an active for # him who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead "Raised ... from the dead" here is an idiom for "caused to live again." Alternate translation: "him who caused Jesus our Lord to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/25.md b/rom/04/25.md index 64de8cafbb..40849bd423 100644 --- a/rom/04/25.md +++ b/rom/04/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ -# who was delivered up for our trespasses and was raised for our justification +# who was delivered up for our trespasses and was raised for our justification You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "whom God gave over to enemies for our trespasses and whom God brought back to life so he could make us right with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/04/intro.md b/rom/04/intro.md index c27860d1cc..05f53e9af8 100644 --- a/rom/04/intro.md +++ b/rom/04/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Romans 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 7-8 of this chapter, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### The purpose of the law of Moses -#### The purpose of the law of Moses Paul builds upon material from chapter 3. He explains how Abraham, the father of Israel, was justified. Even Abraham could not be justified by what he did. Obeying the law of Moses does not make a person right with God. Obeying God's commands is a way a person shows they believe in God. People have always been justified only by faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -#### Circumcision +### Circumcision + Circumcision was important to the Israelites. It identified a male as a descendant of Abraham. It was also a sign of the covenant between Abraham and Yahweh. However, no person was justified only by being circumcised. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions Paul uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the readers see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +25,3 @@ Paul uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these r * __[Romans 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/05/01.md b/rom/05/01.md index 83b25bea01..a0708e50b1 100644 --- a/rom/05/01.md +++ b/rom/05/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ All occurrences of "we" and "our" refer to all believers and should be inclusive # Lord Here "Lord" means that Jesus is God. - diff --git a/rom/05/02.md b/rom/05/02.md index d57ea7a037..fcf8b80de9 100644 --- a/rom/05/02.md +++ b/rom/05/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "by faith" refers to our trust in Jesus, which allows us to stand before Go # we boast in the hope of the glory of God Here the word "hope" is a person's confident expectation that what he desires really will happen. The abstract noun "hope" can be translated here with the verbs "confidently expect" or "confidently wait" or "trust." Alternate translation: "we rejoice because we confidently expect to share in the glory of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/03.md b/rom/05/03.md index ac48c905f4..ad5f8a42f2 100644 --- a/rom/05/03.md +++ b/rom/05/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These words refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # tribulation brings about perseverance "suffering helps us learn to endure" - diff --git a/rom/05/04.md b/rom/05/04.md index 9297558b20..54c65f4b83 100644 --- a/rom/05/04.md +++ b/rom/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ the desire and ability to do what is right # character produces hope "having characer helps us to hope." Here the word "hope" is a person's confident expectation that what he desires really will happen, and it refers to the confident expectation that God will fulfill all his promises. The abstract noun "hope" can be translated here with the verbs "wait confidently" or "trust". Alternate translation: "character helps us to wait confidently" or "character helps us to trust God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/05.md b/rom/05/05.md index e01f5e31ef..75d9d95062 100644 --- a/rom/05/05.md +++ b/rom/05/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul uses personification here as he speaks of "hope" as if it were alive. "Hope # because the love of God has been poured into our hearts Here "hearts" represents a person's thoughts, feelings, or inner person. The phrase "the love of God has been poured into our hearts" is a metaphor for God showing love to his people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because he has loved us greatly" or "because God has shown us how much he loves us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/06.md b/rom/05/06.md index d6f9efb905..69b08b1d15 100644 --- a/rom/05/06.md +++ b/rom/05/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we The word "we" here refers to all believers and so should be inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/07.md b/rom/05/07.md index 29b082131e..d1c6f6bf54 100644 --- a/rom/05/07.md +++ b/rom/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # though perhaps someone would dare to die for a good person "but you might find someone who is willing to die for such a good person" - diff --git a/rom/05/08.md b/rom/05/08.md index 7e3924be66..824272d757 100644 --- a/rom/05/08.md +++ b/rom/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this verb in past tense using "demonstrated" or "showed." # us ... we All occurrences of "us" and "we" refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/09.md b/rom/05/09.md index 18ed7c42dc..b4e78c7b90 100644 --- a/rom/05/09.md +++ b/rom/05/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God forgives us and rescues us from being punished in hell for our sin. # the wrath of God Here "wrath" is a metonym that refers to God's punishment of those who have sinned against him. Alternate translation: "God's punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/10.md b/rom/05/10.md index bbf0342f2e..8c3ffb3d50 100644 --- a/rom/05/10.md +++ b/rom/05/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # after having been reconciled You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "now that God has made us his friends again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/11.md b/rom/05/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/05/11.md +++ b/rom/05/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/05/12.md b/rom/05/12.md index 8d613f30b7..ecb03fb352 100644 --- a/rom/05/12.md +++ b/rom/05/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul explains why death happened even before God gave the law to Moses. # through one man sin entered ... death entered through sin Paul describes sin as a dangerous thing that came into the world through the actions of "one man," Adam. This sin then became an opening through which death, pictured here as another dangerous thing, also came into the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/13.md b/rom/05/13.md index ad48a00295..6057bb3d7f 100644 --- a/rom/05/13.md +++ b/rom/05/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that the people sinned before God gave the law. Alternate translation # but there is no accounting for sin when there is no law This means that God did not charge the people with sinning before he gave the law. Alternate translation: "but God recorded no sin against the law before he gave the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/14.md b/rom/05/14.md index 67df591493..ae4f046d74 100644 --- a/rom/05/14.md +++ b/rom/05/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is speaking of death as if it were a king who ruled. Alternate translation: # who is a pattern of him who was to come Adam was a pattern of Christ, who appeared much later. He had much in common with him. - diff --git a/rom/05/15.md b/rom/05/15.md index f23ca8f3c4..6b2747d306 100644 --- a/rom/05/15.md +++ b/rom/05/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # how much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one man, Jesus Christ, abound for the many Here "grace" refers to God's free gift that he made available to everyone through Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: "even more through the man Jesus Christ, who died for us all, did God kindly offer us this gift of everlasting life, although we do not deserve it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/16.md b/rom/05/16.md index 0821bdac3b..daa1c7b241 100644 --- a/rom/05/16.md +++ b/rom/05/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract nouns "judgment," "trespass," and "condemnation," can be expressed # but the gift followed many trespasses and brought justification The abstract nouns "gift," "trespass," and "justification" can be expressed as verbs. It is implied that God's gift of justification is greater than his judgement. Alternate translation: "but after people trespassed many times, God gave the gift and justified them" or "but the gift is greater because he gave it after many people had committed many sins, and by giving the gift he justified them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/17.md b/rom/05/17.md index 8db5889673..415bcc89be 100644 --- a/rom/05/17.md +++ b/rom/05/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the sin of Adam. # death ruled Here Paul speaks of "death" as a king who ruled. The "rule" of death causes everyone to die. Alternate translation: "everyone died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/18.md b/rom/05/18.md index 3f78e6d2b6..bb4a4bea75 100644 --- a/rom/05/18.md +++ b/rom/05/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract nouns "justification" and "life" can be expressed with the verbs "j # the one act of righteousness This refers to Jesus's obedience to God in dying for our sins. - diff --git a/rom/05/19.md b/rom/05/19.md index 5852043a8b..a4419a1b1f 100644 --- a/rom/05/19.md +++ b/rom/05/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the obedience of Jesus # of the one will the many be made righteous You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "of the one, God will make many people right with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/20.md b/rom/05/20.md index 0aa7c94b50..a4d1759382 100644 --- a/rom/05/20.md +++ b/rom/05/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Paul speaks of the law as if it were a person. Alternate translation: "God # grace abounded even more Here "grace" refers to God's undeserved blessings. Alternate translation: "God continued to act even more kindly toward them, in a way that they did not deserve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/21.md b/rom/05/21.md index 1ee3afcd94..a7f7921037 100644 --- a/rom/05/21.md +++ b/rom/05/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Paul speaks of sin as if it were a king who ruled over people and made them # our Lord Paul includes himself, his readers, and all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/05/intro.md b/rom/05/intro.md index 334e1203d6..605b7f7afd 100644 --- a/rom/05/intro.md +++ b/rom/05/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ # Romans 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Many scholars view verses 12-17 as some of the most important, but difficult, verses in Scripture to understand. Some of their richness and meaning has likely been lost while being translated from how the original Greek was constructed. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Results of justification -#### Results of justification How Paul explains the results of our being justified is an important part of this chapter. These results include having peace with God, having access to God, being confident about our future, being able to rejoice when suffering, being eternally saved, and being reconciled with God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) -#### "All sinned" +### "All sinned" + Scholars are divided over what Paul meant in verse 12: "And death spread to all people, because all sinned." Some believe that all of mankind was present in the "seed of Adam." So, as Adam is the father of all mankind, all of mankind was present when Adam sinned. Others believe that Adam served as a representative head for mankind. So when he sinned, all of mankind "fell" as a result. Whether people today played an active or passive role in Adam's original sin is one way these views differ. Other passages will help one decide. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/seed]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) -#### The second Adam +### The second Adam + Adam was the first man and the first "son" of God. He was created by God. He brought sin and death into the world by eating the forbidden fruit. Paul describes Jesus as the "second Adam" in this chapter and the true son of God. He brings life and overcame sin and death by dying on the cross. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]]) ## Links: @@ -20,4 +23,3 @@ Adam was the first man and the first "son" of God. He was created by God. He bro * __[Romans 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/06/01.md b/rom/06/01.md index 828c91e23b..da4948bcdb 100644 --- a/rom/06/01.md +++ b/rom/06/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul asks these rhetorical questions to get the attention of his readers. Altern # we say The pronoun "we" refers to Paul, his readers, and other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/02.md b/rom/06/02.md index ec3f417a05..919a96e82e 100644 --- a/rom/06/02.md +++ b/rom/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # We who died to sin, how can we still live in it? Here "We who died to sin" refers to those who follow Jesus, who are now like dead people who cannot be affected by sin. Paul uses this rhetorical question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "We are now like dead people on whom sin has no effect! So we certainly should not keep on sinning!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/03.md b/rom/06/03.md index 76912e13b4..3dcc1d083c 100644 --- a/rom/06/03.md +++ b/rom/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you not know that as many as were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? Paul uses this question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "Remember, when someone baptized us to show that we have a relationship with Christ, this also shows that we died with Christ on the cross! (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/04.md b/rom/06/04.md index b7e3464372..cde72c8bb8 100644 --- a/rom/06/04.md +++ b/rom/06/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To raise from the dead is an idiom for causing a person to live again. This comp # the dead All those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To be raised from among them speaks of becoming alive again. - diff --git a/rom/06/05.md b/rom/06/05.md index 23d988d23f..f8ef845379 100644 --- a/rom/06/05.md +++ b/rom/06/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # become united with him in the likeness of his death ... be united with his resurrection Paul compares our union with Christ to death. Those who are joined with Christ in death will share in his resurrection. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "died with him ... come back to life with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/06.md b/rom/06/06.md index d62e146aef..adbb13ea5d 100644 --- a/rom/06/06.md +++ b/rom/06/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "sin should no longer # we should no longer be enslaved to sin Slavery to sin is a metaphor meaning having such a strong desire to sin that one is unable to stop himself from sinning. It is as if sin controls the person. Alternate translation: "we should no longer be controlled by sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/07.md b/rom/06/07.md index 726ed6caf2..51fb1e6676 100644 --- a/rom/06/07.md +++ b/rom/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He who has died is declared righteous with respect to sin Here "righteous" refers to being right with God. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "When God declares a person right with him, that person is no longer controlled by sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/08.md b/rom/06/08.md index 5977745285..d079b799a8 100644 --- a/rom/06/08.md +++ b/rom/06/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # we have died with Christ Here "died" refers to the fact that believers are no longer controlled by sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/09.md b/rom/06/09.md index 3094b47d9c..13b8e5ba1f 100644 --- a/rom/06/09.md +++ b/rom/06/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in t # death no longer rules over him Here "death" is described as if it were a king or ruler that has power over people. Alternate translation: "He cannot ever die again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/10.md b/rom/06/10.md index fc04296a5c..d57622b19e 100644 --- a/rom/06/10.md +++ b/rom/06/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # he died once for all Possible meanings are 1) he died once, and he will not die again, nor will anyone else need to die, or 2) it is true now and will be true for all time that he died. - diff --git a/rom/06/11.md b/rom/06/11.md index 105ccf0a74..5c78760a74 100644 --- a/rom/06/11.md +++ b/rom/06/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Just as one cannot force a corpse to do anything, sin has no power to force beli # alive to God in Christ Jesus "living to honor God through the power Christ Jesus gives you" - diff --git a/rom/06/12.md b/rom/06/12.md index 8c21a8187d..9cf9f4b90b 100644 --- a/rom/06/12.md +++ b/rom/06/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase refers to the physical part of a person, which will die. Alternate t # so that you obey its lusts Obeying the mortal body's lusts would be the result of letting sin rule in the body. That is why Paul commands people not to let sin rule in their mortal body—so they they do not obey its lusts. Paul speaks of people doing the evil things they desire as if the body had evil desires and commanded people to do what it desires. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/13.md b/rom/06/13.md index e53367e532..55160f2aa6 100644 --- a/rom/06/13.md +++ b/rom/06/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the words "brought ... to life" refer to the believer's new spiritual life. # present the members of your bodies to God as tools to be used for righteousness Here "members" is a synecdoche that refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "let God use you for what is pleasing to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/14.md b/rom/06/14.md index 42d4f223ed..6ae3fedc9e 100644 --- a/rom/06/14.md +++ b/rom/06/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ To be "under law" means to be subject to its limitations and weaknesses. You can # but under grace To be "under grace" means that God's free gift provides the power to keep from sinning. You can make the full meaning explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: "but you are bound to God's grace, which does give you the power to stop sinning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/15.md b/rom/06/15.md index b2b55a5d03..6287cab934 100644 --- a/rom/06/15.md +++ b/rom/06/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul is using a question to emphasize that living under grace is not a reason to # May it never be "We would never want that to happen!" or "May God help me not to do that!" This expression shows an extremely strong desire that this does not take place. You may have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. See how you translated it in [Romans 3:31](../03/31.md). - diff --git a/rom/06/16.md b/rom/06/16.md index bfc2b44d40..32a630361e 100644 --- a/rom/06/16.md +++ b/rom/06/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a question to scold anyone who may think God's grace is a reason to ke # which leads to death ... which leads to righteousness "which results in death ... which results in righteousness" - diff --git a/rom/06/17.md b/rom/06/17.md index ad08b7b560..462e8806fa 100644 --- a/rom/06/17.md +++ b/rom/06/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "heart" refers to having sincere or honest motives for doing somet # the pattern of teaching that you were given Here "pattern" refers to the way of living that leads to righteousness. The believers change their old way of living to match this new way of living that Christian leaders teach to them. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "the teaching that Christian leaders gave you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/18.md b/rom/06/18.md index 938f781903..8d8905ccdd 100644 --- a/rom/06/18.md +++ b/rom/06/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Slavery of righteousness is a metaphor meaning having a strong desire to do what # you have been made slaves of righteousness This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Christ has made you slaves of righteousness" or "Christ has changed you so that now you are controlled by righteousness" - diff --git a/rom/06/19.md b/rom/06/19.md index d53d12898b..ffb5d98163 100644 --- a/rom/06/19.md +++ b/rom/06/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here, the word "members" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "off # present the members of your bodies as slaves to righteousness for sanctification Here the word "members" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "offer yourselves as slaves to what is right before God so that he might set you apart and give you the power to serve him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/20.md b/rom/06/20.md index bb3b0e0d26..847f320703 100644 --- a/rom/06/20.md +++ b/rom/06/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you were free from righteousness Here "free from righteousness" is a metaphor for not having to do what is righteous. The people were living as though they thought that they did not have to do what was right. Alternate translation: "it was as though you were free from righteousness" or "you behaved as though you did not have to do what was right" or (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/21.md b/rom/06/21.md index 75f2e820c7..fa7d0fccf2 100644 --- a/rom/06/21.md +++ b/rom/06/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # At that time, what fruit then did you have of the things of which you are now ashamed? "Fruit" here is a metaphor for "result" or "outcome." Paul is using a question to emphasize that sinning results in nothing good. Alternate translation: "Nothing good came from those things that now cause you shame." or "You gained nothing by doing those things that now cause you shame." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/06/22.md b/rom/06/22.md index 47ac9ff2d0..fda98286ed 100644 --- a/rom/06/22.md +++ b/rom/06/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "fruit" is a metaphor for "result" or "benefit." Alternate translation: "th # The result is eternal life "The result of all of this is that you will live forever with God" - diff --git a/rom/06/23.md b/rom/06/23.md index 6bb704f90d..a26b03ae54 100644 --- a/rom/06/23.md +++ b/rom/06/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "wages" refers to a payment given to someone for their work. "For if yo # but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord "but God gives eternal life to those who belong to Christ Jesus our Lord" - diff --git a/rom/06/intro.md b/rom/06/intro.md index a74e118f2a..cef3fbb951 100644 --- a/rom/06/intro.md +++ b/rom/06/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,33 @@ # Romans 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Paul begins this chapter by answering how someone might object to what he taught in Chapter 5. +Paul begins this chapter by answering how someone might object to what he taught in Chapter 5. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Against the Law -#### Against the Law In this chapter, Paul refutes the teaching that Christians can live however they want after they are saved. Scholars call this "antinomianism" or being "against the law." To motivate godly living, Paul recalls the great price Jesus paid for a Christian to be saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) -#### Servants of sin +### Servants of sin + Before they believe in Jesus, people are servants of sin, that is, they are unable to resist their desire to sin. God frees Christians from serving sin. They are able to choose to serve Christ in their lives. Paul explains that when Christians choose to sin, they willingly choose to sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### Fruit +### Fruit + This chapter uses the imagery of fruit. The image of fruit usually refers to a person's faith producing good works in their life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical Questions -#### Rhetorical Questions Paul uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the readers see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Death -#### Death Paul uses "death" to refer to many different things in this chapter: physical death, spiritual death, sin reigning in the heart of man, and the end of something. He contrasts sin and death with the new life provided by Christ and the new way Christians are supposed to live after they are saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]]) ## Links: @@ -30,4 +35,3 @@ Paul uses "death" to refer to many different things in this chapter: physical de * __[Romans 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/07/01.md b/rom/07/01.md index f9bc0cf720..ba84b5a574 100644 --- a/rom/07/01.md +++ b/rom/07/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul asks this question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "So you certainl # brothers Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. - diff --git a/rom/07/02.md b/rom/07/02.md index 4f14279d6d..950371c60b 100644 --- a/rom/07/02.md +++ b/rom/07/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "bound by law to the husband" is a metaphor for a woman being united to her # the married woman This refers to any woman who is married. - diff --git a/rom/07/03.md b/rom/07/03.md index 826413f352..41744f81d1 100644 --- a/rom/07/03.md +++ b/rom/07/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will consi # she is free from the law Here being free from the law means not having to obey the law. In this case, the woman does not have to obey the law that says that a married woman cannot marry another man. Alternate translation: "she does not have to obey that law" - diff --git a/rom/07/04.md b/rom/07/04.md index 29e408a123..152cab6910 100644 --- a/rom/07/04.md +++ b/rom/07/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "you also died # we might produce fruit for God Here "fruit" is a metaphor for actions that please God. Alternate translation: "we might be able to do things pleasing to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/05.md b/rom/07/05.md index 0078841c79..82cc5c95f2 100644 --- a/rom/07/05.md +++ b/rom/07/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to bear fruit for death Here "fruit" is a metaphor for a "result of one's actions" or "outcome of one's actions." Alternate translation: "which resulted in spiritual death" or "the outcome of which was our own spiritual death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/06.md b/rom/07/06.md index bd26e3d9f5..35b704c0f2 100644 --- a/rom/07/06.md +++ b/rom/07/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the law. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate tran # the letter This refers to the law of Moses. Alternate translation: "the law of Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/07.md b/rom/07/07.md index 4bb9b3bc9c..415b7fb42c 100644 --- a/rom/07/07.md +++ b/rom/07/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is speaking of sin as if it were a person who can act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m # sin "my desire to sin" - diff --git a/rom/07/08.md b/rom/07/08.md index d6dc0f927d..80fa13a677 100644 --- a/rom/07/08.md +++ b/rom/07/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word includes both the desire to have what belongs to other people and wron # apart from the law, sin was dead "if there were no law, there would be no breaking of the law, so there would be no sin" - diff --git a/rom/07/09.md b/rom/07/09.md index 8f454a51cf..0993a95707 100644 --- a/rom/07/09.md +++ b/rom/07/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sin regained life This can mean 1) "I realized that I was sinning" or 2) "I strongly desired to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/10.md b/rom/07/10.md index 5232439757..d81c1779fb 100644 --- a/rom/07/10.md +++ b/rom/07/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The commandment that was to bring life turned out to be death for me Paul speaks of God's condemnation as if it resulted primarily in physical death. Alternate translation: "God gave me the commandment so I would live, but it killed me instead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/11.md b/rom/07/11.md index 108676021a..c2d34b9a67 100644 --- a/rom/07/11.md +++ b/rom/07/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is comparing sin to a person who can act. See how you translated this in [R # it killed me Paul speaks of God's condemnation on sinners as if it resulted primarily in physical death. Alternate translation: "it separated me from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/12.md b/rom/07/12.md index 8a3c80cb98..f8326842d8 100644 --- a/rom/07/12.md +++ b/rom/07/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the law is holy Possible meanings are that it is holy because 1) it comes from God or 2) it reveals God's true nature. - diff --git a/rom/07/13.md b/rom/07/13.md index f4ec7478a4..21628eb0e8 100644 --- a/rom/07/13.md +++ b/rom/07/13.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ Paul speaks of being separated from God as if he were literally dead. Alternate # through the commandment "because I disobeyed the commandment" - diff --git a/rom/07/14.md b/rom/07/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/07/14.md +++ b/rom/07/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/07/15.md b/rom/07/15.md index f58d2730ad..9cbe4f6979 100644 --- a/rom/07/15.md +++ b/rom/07/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "I do not do" are an exaggeration to emphasize that Paul does not do w # what I hate, I do The words "I do," which implies that he always does what he hates to do, are an exaggeration to emphasize that Paul does what he does not want to do too often. Alternate translation: "the things that I know are not good are the things that I sometimes do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/16.md b/rom/07/16.md index 916abf4e19..c38b8010ad 100644 --- a/rom/07/16.md +++ b/rom/07/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I agree with the law that the law is good To agree with the law here is to agree with God about the law. Alternate translation: "I agree with God that the law is good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/17.md b/rom/07/17.md index 667dc12826..1313f41f90 100644 --- a/rom/07/17.md +++ b/rom/07/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sin that lives in me Paul describes sin as a living being that has the power to influence him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/18.md b/rom/07/18.md index 8b3190a0c3..6a7f79b449 100644 --- a/rom/07/18.md +++ b/rom/07/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my flesh Here "flesh" is a metonym for the sinful nature. Alternate translation: "my sinful nature" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/19.md b/rom/07/19.md index b42c9d3309..9e3a0f2a0d 100644 --- a/rom/07/19.md +++ b/rom/07/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the evil "the evil deeds" or "the evil actions" - diff --git a/rom/07/20.md b/rom/07/20.md index 6cc6ba0b33..315a900040 100644 --- a/rom/07/20.md +++ b/rom/07/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # rather sin that lives in me Paul speaks of "sin" as if it were alive and living inside him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/21.md b/rom/07/21.md index 5bebe0a410..60015891e7 100644 --- a/rom/07/21.md +++ b/rom/07/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "this law" refer to the natural human desire to rebel against God and # evil is present with me Paul speaks of evil here as if it were alive and living with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/22.md b/rom/07/22.md index 898ceb71d3..231c7143fc 100644 --- a/rom/07/22.md +++ b/rom/07/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with my inner person Here the phrase "inner person" refers to the personality, heart, or soul. Alternate translation: "with my heart" or "with my soul" - diff --git a/rom/07/23.md b/rom/07/23.md index fd5310ebae..577a12da42 100644 --- a/rom/07/23.md +++ b/rom/07/23.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These words refer to the law of Moses, which was God's commands in written form # the law of sin that is in the members of my body This "law of sin" is the same as the "different law," the natural human desire to rebel against God and disobey him. Paul calls this a law because he has observed that this is the way people live. It is not a collection of written commands. - diff --git a/rom/07/24.md b/rom/07/24.md index 916dd10cf7..b14eb2ddba 100644 --- a/rom/07/24.md +++ b/rom/07/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul uses this question to express great emotion. If your language has a way of # this body of death This is a metaphor that means a body that will experience physical death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/07/25.md b/rom/07/25.md index 0e31f26ef9..3d9a34cc37 100644 --- a/rom/07/25.md +++ b/rom/07/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These words refer to the law of Moses, which was God's commands in written form. # the law of sin These words refer to the natural human desire to rebel against God and disobey him. Paul calls this a law because he has observed that this is the way people live. It is not a collection of written commands. - diff --git a/rom/07/intro.md b/rom/07/intro.md index 75f77cea10..384922745e 100644 --- a/rom/07/intro.md +++ b/rom/07/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,27 @@ # Romans 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -#### "Or do you not know" -Paul uses this phrase to discuss a new topic and connects what follows with the previous teaching. +### "Or do you not know" -### Special concepts in this chapter +Paul uses this phrase to discuss a new topic and connects what follows with the previous teaching. + +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### "We have been released from the law" -#### "We have been released from the law" Paul explains that the law of Moses is no longer in effect. While this is true, the timeless principles behind the law reflect the character of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Marriage -#### Marriage Scripture commonly uses marriage as a metaphor. Here Paul uses it to describe how the church relates to the law of Moses and now to Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Flesh -#### Flesh This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for our sinful nature. Paul is not teaching that our physical bodies are sinful. Paul appears to be teaching that as long as Christians are alive ("in the flesh"), we will continue to sin. But our new nature will be fighting against our old nature. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) ## Links: @@ -25,4 +29,3 @@ This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for our sinful nature. P * __[Romans 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/08/01.md b/rom/08/01.md index f36f99fe06..2460818e1e 100644 --- a/rom/08/01.md +++ b/rom/08/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "condemnation" refers to the punishment of people. Alternate translation: " # There is therefore now "For that reason, there is now" or "Because what I have just told you is true, there is now" - diff --git a/rom/08/02.md b/rom/08/02.md index e484050895..fdba97da06 100644 --- a/rom/08/02.md +++ b/rom/08/02.md @@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ This refers to God's Spirit. Alternate translation: "God's Spirit in Christ Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -# has set you free from the law of sin and death +# has set you free from the law of sin and death Being free from the law of sin and death is a metaphor for not being controlled by the law of sin and death. Alternate translation: "has caused the law of sin and death to no longer control you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # the law of sin and death Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) the written law, which provokes people to sin, which in turn causes them to die. Alternate translation: "the law which causes sin and death" or 2) the "different law" (see [Romans 7:23](../07/23.md)) that people sin and die. - diff --git a/rom/08/03.md b/rom/08/03.md index 9e755c1646..1500631014 100644 --- a/rom/08/03.md +++ b/rom/08/03.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "flesh" refers to our human nature or lives. Alternate # he condemned sin In this verse, "condemned" is a metonym for "destroyed." Alternate translation: "he destroyed sin" or "he broke the power of the sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/04.md b/rom/08/04.md index 62948b3caa..babe03b86a 100644 --- a/rom/08/04.md +++ b/rom/08/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. The flesh is an # but according to the Spirit "but who obey the Holy Spirit" - diff --git a/rom/08/05.md b/rom/08/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/08/05.md +++ b/rom/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/08/06.md b/rom/08/06.md index 1fcbdf81b6..f67a3d024e 100644 --- a/rom/08/06.md +++ b/rom/08/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Paul speaks of both the "flesh" and the "spirit" as if they were living per # death Here this means the separation of a person from God. - diff --git a/rom/08/07.md b/rom/08/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/08/07.md +++ b/rom/08/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/08/08.md b/rom/08/08.md index 59342f7962..e3a11049e7 100644 --- a/rom/08/08.md +++ b/rom/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Those who are in the flesh This refers to people who do what their sinful nature tells them to do. - diff --git a/rom/08/09.md b/rom/08/09.md index c58d0f0e8a..9f12a12b7c 100644 --- a/rom/08/09.md +++ b/rom/08/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These all refer to the Holy Spirit. # if indeed This phrase does not mean Paul doubts that some of them have God's Spirit. Paul wants them to realize that they all have God's Spirit. Alternate translation: "since" or "because" - diff --git a/rom/08/10.md b/rom/08/10.md index 265560663f..b2ab4f8ba7 100644 --- a/rom/08/10.md +++ b/rom/08/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) a person is spiritually dead to the power of sin or 2) # the spirit is alive with respect to righteousness Possible meanings are 1) a person is spiritually alive because God has given him power to do what is right or 2) God will bring the person back to life after he dies because God is righteous and gives believers eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/11.md b/rom/08/11.md index 2c88040ef2..3af95d3292 100644 --- a/rom/08/11.md +++ b/rom/08/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here to raise is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again # mortal bodies through his Spirit "physical bodies through his Spirit" or "bodies, which will die someday, through his Spirit" - diff --git a/rom/08/12.md b/rom/08/12.md index 07ebec18fb..c5649a95be 100644 --- a/rom/08/12.md +++ b/rom/08/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is speaking of obedience as if it were paying back a debt. Alternate transl # but not to the flesh to live according to the flesh Again Paul speaks of obedience as if it were paying back a debt. You can include the implied word "debtors." Alternate translation: "but we are not debtors to the flesh, and we do not have to obey our sinful desires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/13.md b/rom/08/13.md index 6b2ce04b48..2b6bf8420f 100644 --- a/rom/08/13.md +++ b/rom/08/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # but if by the Spirit you put to death the body's actions Paul speaks of the "old man," crucified with Christ, as the person who is responsible for his sinful desires. Alternate translation: "but if by the power of the Holy Spirit you stop obeying your sinful desires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/14.md b/rom/08/14.md index 22192f4c52..9d3ef83d44 100644 --- a/rom/08/14.md +++ b/rom/08/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "For all the pe # sons of God Here this means all believers in Jesus and is often translated as "children of God." - diff --git a/rom/08/15.md b/rom/08/15.md index c311f7c4cb..d694ace08f 100644 --- a/rom/08/15.md +++ b/rom/08/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Abba, Father "Abba" is "Father" in the Aramaic language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/16.md b/rom/08/16.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/08/16.md +++ b/rom/08/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/08/17.md b/rom/08/17.md index 4849a7540a..f3207159f4 100644 --- a/rom/08/17.md +++ b/rom/08/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of the Christian believers as if they will inherit property and weal # that we may also be glorified with him God will honor Christian believers when he honors Christ. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "that God may glorify us along with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/18.md b/rom/08/18.md index e99d35460d..f5555430c5 100644 --- a/rom/08/18.md +++ b/rom/08/18.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "I cannot compa # will be revealed You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will reveal" or "God will make known" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/19.md b/rom/08/19.md index 3adc833860..75d858cab1 100644 --- a/rom/08/19.md +++ b/rom/08/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "for the time w # sons of God Here this means all believers in Jesus. You can also translate this as "children of God." - diff --git a/rom/08/20.md b/rom/08/20.md index c954efb4e9..6c907abb38 100644 --- a/rom/08/20.md +++ b/rom/08/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Paul describes "creation" as a person who can desire. Alternate translation # in hope Here the word "hope" is confident expectation that what one desires really will happen. The abstract noun "hope" can be translated here with the verbs "confidently expect" or "confidently wait." God could be absolutely sure that what he intended would happen. Alternate translation: "confidently expecting" or "confidently waiting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/21.md b/rom/08/21.md index f4152bf941..0506d0f4d5 100644 --- a/rom/08/21.md +++ b/rom/08/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here being in slavery to decay is a metaphor for being certain to decay. Alterna # that it will be brought into the freedom of the glory of the children of God "Freedom" here is in contrast with slavery to decay. It is a metaphor meaning that the creation will not decay. Alternate translation: "that it will become gloriously free from decay like the children of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/22.md b/rom/08/22.md index eb04ec8905..15ed3884b8 100644 --- a/rom/08/22.md +++ b/rom/08/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to remind the believers in Rome that sometime in the future, God # For we know that the whole creation groans and labors in pain together even now The creation is compared to a woman groaning while giving birth to a baby. Alternate translation: "For we know that everything that God created wants to be free and groans for it the way a woman giving birth groans for her baby to be born" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/23.md b/rom/08/23.md index 17242704dd..f7a4f5f8dd 100644 --- a/rom/08/23.md +++ b/rom/08/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul continues to remind the believers in Rome that sometime in the future, God # as we wait eagerly for our adoption, the redemption of our body The abstract nouns "adoption" and "redemption" can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "as we wait eagerly for God to adopt us and redeem our bodies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/24.md b/rom/08/24.md index d0221d9e8b..b830f3d1e2 100644 --- a/rom/08/24.md +++ b/rom/08/24.md @@ -3,17 +3,21 @@ Paul continues to remind the believers in Rome that sometime in the future, God will change their bodies in a glorious way. # For in this hope we were saved + This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "For God saved us so that we might have this hope" 2) "For God saved us because we have this hope" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # in this hope we were saved + Here the word "hope" is a person's confident expectation that what he desires really will happen. The abstract noun "hope" can be translated here with the verbs "confidently expect" or "confidently wait" or "trust." Alternate translation: "it was so that we might confidently wait for this that we were saved" or "we were saved that we might trust God to do this" # this hope + The phrase "this hope" refers to the hope of our adoption, the redemption of our bodies (8:23). # Now hope that is seen is not hope + "Hope that is seen" is hope that has already been fulfilled. Alternate translation: "If we already have what we hope for, that is not hope" or "If we have what we want, we would not say that we hope for it" # For who hopes for what he can see? -Paul uses a question to help his audience understand what "hope" is. Alternate translation: "No one hopes for what he already has." or "No one waits for what has already happened." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) +Paul uses a question to help his audience understand what "hope" is. Alternate translation: "No one hopes for what he already has." or "No one waits for what has already happened." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) diff --git a/rom/08/25.md b/rom/08/25.md index db7e8fa4d0..3a9198252b 100644 --- a/rom/08/25.md +++ b/rom/08/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Not seeing what we hope for represents not yet having it or experiencing it. Alt # we wait for it with patience "we wait for it patiently" - diff --git a/rom/08/26.md b/rom/08/26.md index d6ff1796c5..32e2409690 100644 --- a/rom/08/26.md +++ b/rom/08/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Though Paul has been emphasizing that there is a struggle in believers between t # inexpressible groans "groanings that we cannot express in words" - diff --git a/rom/08/27.md b/rom/08/27.md index 00f9e8360e..84d51029c8 100644 --- a/rom/08/27.md +++ b/rom/08/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # He who searches out the hearts knows Here "He" refers to God. Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's thoughts and emotions. The phrase "searches out the hearts" is a metaphor for examining thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: "God, who knows what all our thoughts and feelings are, knows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/28.md b/rom/08/28.md index e64a99f143..8d89465aef 100644 --- a/rom/08/28.md +++ b/rom/08/28.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul reminds the believers that nothing can separate them from God's love. # for those who are called You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "for those whom God chose" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/29.md b/rom/08/29.md index 6bdec6534c..5681340132 100644 --- a/rom/08/29.md +++ b/rom/08/29.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # among many brothers Here "brothers" refers to all believers, both male and female. Alternate translation: "among many brothers and sisters who belong to the family of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/30.md b/rom/08/30.md index 059f6194fe..68ea9ef97c 100644 --- a/rom/08/30.md +++ b/rom/08/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "justified" is in the past tense to emphasize that this will certainly happ # these he also glorified The word "glorified" is in the past tense to emphasize that this will certainly happen. Alternate translation: "these he will also glorify" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/31.md b/rom/08/31.md index 76576ade0d..e5ab192bd4 100644 --- a/rom/08/31.md +++ b/rom/08/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What, therefore, can we say about these things? If God is for us, who is against us? Paul uses questions to emphasize the main point of what he said previously. Alternate translation: "This is what we should know from all of this: since God is helping us, no one can defeat us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/32.md b/rom/08/32.md index ced1b31110..322df9924d 100644 --- a/rom/08/32.md +++ b/rom/08/32.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is using a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "he will certainly # freely give us all things "kindly give us all things" - diff --git a/rom/08/33.md b/rom/08/33.md index 9ccded29ac..eacfadc93f 100644 --- a/rom/08/33.md +++ b/rom/08/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Who will bring any accusation against God's chosen ones? God is the one who justifies Paul uses a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "No one can accuse us before God because he is the one who makes us right with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/34.md b/rom/08/34.md index 73521eee0c..48a0b06097 100644 --- a/rom/08/34.md +++ b/rom/08/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a question for emphasis. He does not expect an answer. Alternate trans # who is at the right hand of God To be at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "who is at the place of honor beside God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/35.md b/rom/08/35.md index 6e1add723f..5e64f9507b 100644 --- a/rom/08/35.md +++ b/rom/08/35.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The abstract nouns can be expressed with verb phrases. Here "sword" is a metonym # Tribulation, or distress These words both mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/36.md b/rom/08/36.md index 574e19a009..afb55928cb 100644 --- a/rom/08/36.md +++ b/rom/08/36.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "we" refers to the writer and to other people, but not his audience, who wa # We were considered as sheep for the slaughter Here Paul compares to livestock those whom people kill because they are loyal to God. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Our lives have no more value to them than the sheep they kill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/37.md b/rom/08/37.md index 76640b2e0a..8e7c0db6ee 100644 --- a/rom/08/37.md +++ b/rom/08/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # through the one who loved us You can make explicit the kind of love that Jesus showed. Alternate translation: "because of Jesus, who loved us so much he was willing to die for us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/08/38.md b/rom/08/38.md index abb60ad582..0d70d427de 100644 --- a/rom/08/38.md +++ b/rom/08/38.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) demons or 2) human kings and rulers. # nor powers Possible meanings are 1) spiritual beings with power or 2) human beings with power. - diff --git a/rom/08/39.md b/rom/08/39.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/08/39.md +++ b/rom/08/39.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/08/intro.md b/rom/08/intro.md index b1193d2bb7..70b5bfae2b 100644 --- a/rom/08/intro.md +++ b/rom/08/intro.md @@ -1,33 +1,38 @@ # Romans 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting The first verse of this chapter is a transitional sentence. Paul concludes his teaching of Chapter 7 and leads into the words of Chapter 8. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with verse 36. Paul quotes these words from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Indwelling of the Spirit -The Holy Spirit is said to live inside a person or inside their heart. If the Spirit is present, this signifies that a person is saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) +### Indwelling of the Spirit + +The Holy Spirit is said to live inside a person or inside their heart. If the Spirit is present, this signifies that a person is saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) + +### "These are sons of God" -#### "These are sons of God" Jesus is the Son of God in a unique way. God also adopts Christians to be his children. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adoption]]) -#### Predestination +### Predestination + Twice in verses 29-30 Paul uses the word "predestined." Some take this to indicate that God has, from before the foundation of the world, chosen his own people to be eternally saved. Christians have different views on what the Bible teaches on this subject. So translators need to take extra care when translating this chapter, especially with regards to elements of causation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/predestine]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor Paul poetically presents his teaching in verses 38 and 39 in the form of an extended metaphor. He explains that nothing can separate a person from the love of God in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### No condemnation -#### No condemnation This phrase must be translated carefully to avoid doctrinal confusion. People are still guilty of their sin. God disapproves of sinful acts, even those that believers in Jesus commit. God still punishes the sins of believers, but Jesus has paid the punishment for their sin. This is what Paul expresses here. The word "condemn" has several possible meanings. Here Paul emphasizes that people who believe in Jesus are no longer punished eternally for their sin by being "condemned to hell." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/condemn]]) -#### Flesh +### Flesh This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for our sinful nature. Paul is not teaching that our physical bodies are sinful. Paul appears to be teaching that as long as Christians are alive ("in the flesh"), we will continue to sin. But our new nature will be fighting against our old nature. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]) @@ -36,4 +41,3 @@ This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for our sinful nature. P * __[Romans 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/09/01.md b/rom/09/01.md index 15fd8477fc..f3b25f038d 100644 --- a/rom/09/01.md +++ b/rom/09/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These two expressions mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize # my conscience bears witness with me in the Holy Spirit "the Holy Spirit controls my conscience and confirms what I say" - diff --git a/rom/09/02.md b/rom/09/02.md index 0910034e18..1a87e4aabb 100644 --- a/rom/09/02.md +++ b/rom/09/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "unceasing pain in my heart" is an idiom that Paul uses to share his emotio # great sorrow and unceasing pain These two expressions mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how great his emotions are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/03.md b/rom/09/03.md index bc7723f722..5ef87335ac 100644 --- a/rom/09/03.md +++ b/rom/09/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For I could wish that I myself would be cursed and set apart from Christ for the sake of my brothers, my kinsmen according to the flesh You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "I personally would be willing to let God curse me and keep me apart from Christ forever if that would help my fellow Israelites, my own people group, to believe in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/04.md b/rom/09/04.md index 5888b794e9..84ce938705 100644 --- a/rom/09/04.md +++ b/rom/09/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They have adoption, the glory Here Paul uses the metaphor of "adoption" to indicate that the Israelites are like God's children. Alternate translation: "They have God as their father, and they have the glory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/05.md b/rom/09/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/09/05.md +++ b/rom/09/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/09/06.md b/rom/09/06.md index f6fd514b67..15fe36ae6b 100644 --- a/rom/09/06.md +++ b/rom/09/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "word" is a metonym for the promise that God used the words to make. Al # For it is not everyone in Israel who truly belongs to Israel God did not make his promises to all the physical descendants of Israel (or Jacob), but to his spiritual descendants, that is, those who trust in Jesus. - diff --git a/rom/09/07.md b/rom/09/07.md index f1924373ad..ee1056077a 100644 --- a/rom/09/07.md +++ b/rom/09/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Neither are all Abraham's descendants truly his children "Nor are they all children of God just because they are Abraham's descendants" - diff --git a/rom/09/08.md b/rom/09/08.md index 26e4eaa2f5..6466408d1b 100644 --- a/rom/09/08.md +++ b/rom/09/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a metaphor that refers to people who are spiritual descendants, those wh # children of the promise This refers to people who will inherit the promises that God gave to Abraham. - diff --git a/rom/09/09.md b/rom/09/09.md index c0be13c476..24c754b8a0 100644 --- a/rom/09/09.md +++ b/rom/09/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # a son will be given to Sarah You can translate this in an active form to express that God will give a son to Sarah. Alternate translation: "I will give Sarah a son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/10.md b/rom/09/10.md index e6ae892d99..cb0d2445e8 100644 --- a/rom/09/10.md +++ b/rom/09/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul refers to Isaac as "our father" because Isaac was the ancestor of Paul and # had conceived "had become pregnant" - diff --git a/rom/09/11.md b/rom/09/11.md index 761eec43fe..1692be1dc5 100644 --- a/rom/09/11.md +++ b/rom/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # for the children were not yet born "before the children were born" - diff --git a/rom/09/12.md b/rom/09/12.md index 6c90d043c5..2b8e85458d 100644 --- a/rom/09/12.md +++ b/rom/09/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Connecting Statement: + It may be necessary in your language to place this verse between verse 10 and verse 11: "... our father Isaac, it was said to her, 'The older will serve the younger.' For the children were not yet born and had not yet done anything good or bad, but so that the purpose of God according to choice might stand—not because of actions, but because of him who calls. It is just...." # because of him @@ -8,4 +9,3 @@ because of God # it was said to her, "The older will serve the younger." "God said to Rebekah, 'The older son will serve the younger son'" - diff --git a/rom/09/13.md b/rom/09/13.md index d00e5baf91..14262c9cc1 100644 --- a/rom/09/13.md +++ b/rom/09/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated The word "hated" is an exaggeration. God loved Jacob much more than he loved Esau. He did not literally hate Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/14.md b/rom/09/14.md index fc2e9121be..1d85404503 100644 --- a/rom/09/14.md +++ b/rom/09/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is using the question to get the attention of his readers. (See: [[rc://en/ # May it never be "That is not possible!" or "Certainly not!" This expression strongly denies that this could happen. You may have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. - diff --git a/rom/09/15.md b/rom/09/15.md index 88365f69c6..f115d5f861 100644 --- a/rom/09/15.md +++ b/rom/09/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For he says to Moses Paul speaks about God's talking with Moses as if it is being done in the present time. Alternate translation: "For God said to Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/16.md b/rom/09/16.md index 0abfac2dc3..b308f27159 100644 --- a/rom/09/16.md +++ b/rom/09/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # nor because of him who runs Paul speaks of a person who does good things in order to gain God's favor as if that person were running a race. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/17.md b/rom/09/17.md index f51cf0d046..f7cf5229fb 100644 --- a/rom/09/17.md +++ b/rom/09/17.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This metonym refers either 1) to God in all of his being. Alternate translation: # in all the earth "wherever there are people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/18.md b/rom/09/18.md index abc37985dc..834c68b61a 100644 --- a/rom/09/18.md +++ b/rom/09/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # whom he wishes, he makes stubborn God makes stubborn whomever he wishes to make stubborn. - diff --git a/rom/09/19.md b/rom/09/19.md index ab34d6bcf1..a7a817192e 100644 --- a/rom/09/19.md +++ b/rom/09/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "he" and "his" here refer to God. # has ... withstood his will "has ... stopped him from doing what he wanted to do" - diff --git a/rom/09/20.md b/rom/09/20.md index 59e9fed65e..96a4b8e9ca 100644 --- a/rom/09/20.md +++ b/rom/09/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses the potter's right to make any kind of container he wants from the cla # Why did you make me this way? This question is a rebuke and can be translated as a strong statement. Alternate translation: "You should not have made me this way!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/21.md b/rom/09/21.md index a7bc0324ee..3263ce9888 100644 --- a/rom/09/21.md +++ b/rom/09/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question is a rebuke. Alternate translation: "The potter certain # honorable use ... dishonorable use Some modern translations read, "special use ... daily use." - diff --git a/rom/09/22.md b/rom/09/22.md index 853d686cbd..0961c7f0a7 100644 --- a/rom/09/22.md +++ b/rom/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # containers of wrath prepared for destruction Paul speaks of people as if they were containers. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people to whom he would show wrath and whom he will certainly destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/23.md b/rom/09/23.md index 206a8ad98a..3188669f1c 100644 --- a/rom/09/23.md +++ b/rom/09/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul compares God's wonderful actions here to great "riches." Alternate translat # which he had previously prepared for glory Here "glory" refers to life in heaven with God. Alternate translation: "whom he prepared ahead of time in order that they might live with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/24.md b/rom/09/24.md index 9159463ae9..5d20829d99 100644 --- a/rom/09/24.md +++ b/rom/09/24.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "us" here refers to Paul and fellow believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/j # called Here "called" means God has appointed or chosen people to be his children, to be his servants and proclaimers of his message of salvation through Jesus. - diff --git a/rom/09/25.md b/rom/09/25.md index 0290b347a1..f10dc017da 100644 --- a/rom/09/25.md +++ b/rom/09/25.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Hosea was a prophet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # her beloved who was not beloved Here "her" refers to Hosea's wife, Gomer, who represents the nation of Israel. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "I will choose her whom I did not love to be one whom I love" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/26.md b/rom/09/26.md index e9468d1c57..8a3b23d7e5 100644 --- a/rom/09/26.md +++ b/rom/09/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sons of the living God The word "living" may refer to the fact that God is the only true God, and not like the false idols. Alternate translation: "children of the true God" - diff --git a/rom/09/27.md b/rom/09/27.md index 0a7759d38e..a43036fed8 100644 --- a/rom/09/27.md +++ b/rom/09/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here Paul compares the number of the people of Israel to the number of grains of # will be saved Paul uses the word "saved" in a spiritual sense. If God saves a person, it means that through believing in Jesus's death on the cross, God has forgiven him and rescued him from being punished for his sin. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will save" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/28.md b/rom/09/28.md index 17c7e4f692..cd9f161998 100644 --- a/rom/09/28.md +++ b/rom/09/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the Lord will execute his word on the earth "the Lord will punish people on the earth as he has said he will" - diff --git a/rom/09/29.md b/rom/09/29.md index 1cb4c71b66..a938e87f54 100644 --- a/rom/09/29.md +++ b/rom/09/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the words "us" and "we" refer to Isaiah and those to whom he spoke. (See: [ # we would be like Sodom, and we would have become like Gomorrah God killed all of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah because of their sin. Alternate translation: "we all would have been destroyed like the people of Sodom and Gomorrah" or "God would have destroyed all of us as he destroyed the people in the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/30.md b/rom/09/30.md index 4830329eee..87d44f2e33 100644 --- a/rom/09/30.md +++ b/rom/09/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul uses this question to get the attention of his readers. Alternate translati # righteousness, the righteousness by faith Here "by faith" refers to placing one's trust in Christ. You can make this explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: "righteousness because God made them right with him when they trusted in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/32.md b/rom/09/32.md index bd135ed348..c1856e2c77 100644 --- a/rom/09/32.md +++ b/rom/09/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this rhetorical question as a statement and include the words # by works This refers to things that people do to try to please God. You can make this explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: "by trying to do things that would please God" or "by keeping the Law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/33.md b/rom/09/33.md index 4b7081392a..cd8448655e 100644 --- a/rom/09/33.md +++ b/rom/09/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These phrases mean basically the same thing and are metaphors that refer to Jesu # believes in it Because the words "stone" and "rock" are a metaphors for a person, you may need to translate this as "believes in him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/09/intro.md b/rom/09/intro.md index 9a15242e97..e0f2a4ca18 100644 --- a/rom/09/intro.md +++ b/rom/09/intro.md @@ -1,28 +1,31 @@ # Romans 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter, Paul changes what he is teaching about. In Chapters 9-11, he focuses on the nation of Israel. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 25-29 and 33 of this chapter. Paul quotes all of these words from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Flesh -#### Flesh Paul uses the word "flesh" in this chapter only to refer to Israelites, people physically descending from Abraham through Jacob, whom God named Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]) In other chapters, Paul uses the word "brother" to mean fellow Christians. However, in this chapter, he uses "my brothers" to mean his kinsmen the Israelites. Paul refers to those who believe in Jesus as "children of God" and "children of the promise." -#### Important figures of speech in this chapter +### Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Stone of stumbling -#### Stone of stumbling Paul explains that while some Gentiles accepted Jesus as their savior by believing in him, most Jews were trying to earn their salvation and so rejected Jesus. Paul, quoting the Old Testament, describes Jesus as a stone that the Jews stumble over when walking. This "stone of stumbling" causes them to "fall." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "It is not everyone in Israel who truly belongs to Israel" -#### "It is not everyone in Israel who truly belongs to Israel" Paul uses the word "Israel" in this verse with two different meanings. The first "Israel" means the physical descendants of Abraham through Jacob. The second "Israel" means those who are God's people through faith. The UDB reflects this. ## Links: @@ -30,4 +33,3 @@ Paul uses the word "Israel" in this verse with two different meanings. The first * __[Romans 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/10/01.md b/rom/10/01.md index 31221fdd54..be326f7097 100644 --- a/rom/10/01.md +++ b/rom/10/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's emotions or inner being. Alternate tran # is for them, for their salvation "is that God will save the Jews" - diff --git a/rom/10/02.md b/rom/10/02.md index ff4b08268b..a870928ed2 100644 --- a/rom/10/02.md +++ b/rom/10/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I testify about them "I declare truthfully about them" - diff --git a/rom/10/03.md b/rom/10/03.md index bb6015bb41..c1635f7973 100644 --- a/rom/10/03.md +++ b/rom/10/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "righteousness refers to the way God puts people right with himself. You ca # they did not submit to God’s righteousness. "they did not accept God's way of putting people right with himself" - diff --git a/rom/10/04.md b/rom/10/04.md index 1c49ea3892..4dfa4c6d90 100644 --- a/rom/10/04.md +++ b/rom/10/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # law for righteousness for everyone who believes Here "believes" means "trusts." Alternate translation: "law, and he makes everyone who trusts in him right before God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/05.md b/rom/10/05.md index 079cee067d..8392a94b77 100644 --- a/rom/10/05.md +++ b/rom/10/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In order to be made right with God through the law, a person would have to keep # will live The words "will live" can refer to 1) eternal life or 2) mortal life in fellowship with God. - diff --git a/rom/10/06.md b/rom/10/06.md index 2bd9d544d2..9a91b09474 100644 --- a/rom/10/06.md +++ b/rom/10/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Moses uses a question to teach his audience. His previous instruction of, "Do no # that is, to bring Christ down "in order that they might have Christ come down to earth" - diff --git a/rom/10/07.md b/rom/10/07.md index c3babe0ad3..b489d5734a 100644 --- a/rom/10/07.md +++ b/rom/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ All those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in t # dead This word speaks of physical death. - diff --git a/rom/10/08.md b/rom/10/08.md index 3fa0448ac9..48173cf512 100644 --- a/rom/10/08.md +++ b/rom/10/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of God's message as if it were a person who can move. The word "mout # the word of faith "God's message that tells us that we must believe in him" - diff --git a/rom/10/09.md b/rom/10/09.md index 5d0b4f70e8..909884d8d5 100644 --- a/rom/10/09.md +++ b/rom/10/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's mind or inner person. Alternate transla # you will be saved You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will save you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/10.md b/rom/10/10.md index 14c7678e1e..fe6967fe41 100644 --- a/rom/10/10.md +++ b/rom/10/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "heart" is a metonym that represents the mind or will. Alternate translatio # with the mouth Here "mouth" is a synecdoche that represents a person's capacity to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/11.md b/rom/10/11.md index aff2a969a6..dbfe423237 100644 --- a/rom/10/11.md +++ b/rom/10/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of the scripture as if it were alive and had a voice. You can make e # Everyone who believes on him will not be put to shame This is equivalent to: "If a person believes, then that person will not be shamed." The negative is used here for emphasis. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will honor everyone who believes in him" or "God will shame only those who do not believe in Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/12.md b/rom/10/12.md index 31d3dab510..5f9d94ba21 100644 --- a/rom/10/12.md +++ b/rom/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul implies that God will treat all people the same. You can make this explicit # he is rich to all who call upon him Here "he is rich" means that God blesses richly. You can make this explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: "he richly blesses all who trust in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/13.md b/rom/10/13.md index 4ce671df09..0521cee82c 100644 --- a/rom/10/13.md +++ b/rom/10/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved Here the word "name" is a metonym for Jesus. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "The Lord will save everyone who trusts in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/14.md b/rom/10/14.md index d687eec4cf..1e6c90fd9a 100644 --- a/rom/10/14.md +++ b/rom/10/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ trust and desire to obey # How can they hear without a preacher? Paul uses another question for the same reason. Alternate translation: "And they cannot hear the message if someone does not tell them!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/15.md b/rom/10/15.md index ce6383248b..76640559b3 100644 --- a/rom/10/15.md +++ b/rom/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # How beautiful are the feet of those who proclaim good news Paul uses "feet" to represent those who travel and take the message to those who have not heard it. The feet were considered a dirty and ugly part of the body, so the idea of beautiful feet would have seemed odd to Paul's readers. Alternate translation: "How beautiful are even the feet of those who proclaim good news" or "It is wonderful when messengers go and tell others the good news" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/16.md b/rom/10/16.md index 6004823ae4..1b56322fe5 100644 --- a/rom/10/16.md +++ b/rom/10/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is using this question, which Isaiah prophesied in the Scriptures, to empha # our report Here, "our" refers to God and Isaiah and so is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/17.md b/rom/10/17.md index c7dfcf22b4..f867ff1375 100644 --- a/rom/10/17.md +++ b/rom/10/17.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # So faith comes from hearing + The abstract noun "faith" can be stated as the verb "believes." There are also words that Paul left out, but they are understood. Alternate translation: "So a person believes in Christ by hearing the message about Christ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # and hearing by the word of Christ -Here "word" is a metonym that means "message." There are also words that Paul left out, but they are understood. Alternate translation: "and a person hears the message by someone preaching the message about Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) +Here "word" is a metonym that means "message." There are also words that Paul left out, but they are understood. Alternate translation: "and a person hears the message by someone preaching the message about Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) diff --git a/rom/10/18.md b/rom/10/18.md index 37393620cc..ed60290bb2 100644 --- a/rom/10/18.md +++ b/rom/10/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses a question for emphasis. You can translate this as a statement. Altern # Their sound has gone out into all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world. Both of these statements mean basically the same thing and Paul uses them for emphasis. The word "their" refers to the sun, moon, and stars. Here they are described as human messengers that tell people about God. This refers to how their existence shows God's power and glory. You can make explicit that Paul is quoting Scripture here. Alternate translation: "As the Scriptures record, 'The sun, moon, and the stars are proof of God's power and glory, and everyone in the world sees them and knows the truth about God.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/19.md b/rom/10/19.md index 893c6413f9..192d0f4d34 100644 --- a/rom/10/19.md +++ b/rom/10/19.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "without understanding" means that the people do not know God. Alternate tr # you This refers to the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/rom/10/20.md b/rom/10/20.md index 223d929628..7fea01e26b 100644 --- a/rom/10/20.md +++ b/rom/10/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Prophets often speak of things in the future as if they have already happened. T # he says "He" refers to God, who is speaking through Isaiah. - diff --git a/rom/10/21.md b/rom/10/21.md index 92e2f5dba9..f4161e2cf4 100644 --- a/rom/10/21.md +++ b/rom/10/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used to emphasize God's continual effort. "I continually" # I reached out my hands to a disobedient and stubborn people "I tried to welcome you and to help you, but you refused my help and continued to disobey" - diff --git a/rom/10/intro.md b/rom/10/intro.md index a4ebbf385d..c66a8b6b19 100644 --- a/rom/10/intro.md +++ b/rom/10/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,26 @@ # Romans 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 18-20 of this chapter. These lines of poetry are from the Old Testament. Some translations also set prose quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted words in verse 8. +## Special concepts in this chapter -### Special concepts in this chapter - -#### God's righteousness +### God's righteousness Paul teaches here that while many Jews earnestly tried to be righteous, they did not succeed. We cannot earn God's righteousness. God gives us Jesus's righteousness when we believe in him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Rhetorical questions -#### Rhetorical questions Paul uses many rhetorical questions in this chapter. He does this to convince his readers that God does not save only the Hebrew people, so Christians must be ready to go and share the gospel with the whole world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "I will provoke you to jealousy by what is not a nation" +### "I will provoke you to jealousy by what is not a nation" Paul uses this prophecy to explain that God will use the church to make the Hebrew people jealous. This is so they will seek God and believe the gospel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Paul uses this prophecy to explain that God will use the church to make the Hebr * __[Romans 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/11/01.md b/rom/11/01.md index 80befc7a11..f58a599831 100644 --- a/rom/11/01.md +++ b/rom/11/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul asks this question so that he can answer the questions of other Jews who ar # tribe of Benjamin This refers to the tribe descended from Benjamin, one of the 12 tribes into which God divided the people of Israel. - diff --git a/rom/11/02.md b/rom/11/02.md index 83dd887cff..c84cf5b41b 100644 --- a/rom/11/02.md +++ b/rom/11/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this as a statement. Alternate translation: "Surely you know w # what the scripture says Paul is referring to the scripture as if they were able to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/03.md b/rom/11/03.md index ee51b059ae..151305ea3d 100644 --- a/rom/11/03.md +++ b/rom/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The pronoun "I" here refers to Elijah. # seeking my life "desiring to kill me" - diff --git a/rom/11/04.md b/rom/11/04.md index 3c47ee28fe..d6637b20bf 100644 --- a/rom/11/04.md +++ b/rom/11/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The pronoun "him" refers to Elijah. # seven thousand men "7,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/05.md b/rom/11/05.md index b0123ea32b..5de69f0908 100644 --- a/rom/11/05.md +++ b/rom/11/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # remnant Here this means a small part of people whom God chose to receive his grace. - diff --git a/rom/11/06.md b/rom/11/06.md index 9ea738fd42..4efe245648 100644 --- a/rom/11/06.md +++ b/rom/11/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # But if it is by grace Paul continues to explain how God's mercy works. Alternate translation: "But since God's mercy works by grace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/07.md b/rom/11/07.md index 66fadc41fc..4b940f52cd 100644 --- a/rom/11/07.md +++ b/rom/11/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # What then? "What should we conclude?" Paul asks this question to move his reader to his next point. You can translate this as a statement. Alternate translation: "This is what we need to remember" or "So" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/08.md b/rom/11/08.md index 2a39af3b3e..cd765f2559 100644 --- a/rom/11/08.md +++ b/rom/11/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The concept of seeing with one's eyes was considered to be equivalent to gaining # ears so that they should not hear The concept of hearing with the ears was considered to be equivalent to obedience. - diff --git a/rom/11/09.md b/rom/11/09.md index 315f60ffc0..f7d76cc046 100644 --- a/rom/11/09.md +++ b/rom/11/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ A "stumbling block" is anything that causes a person to trip so that he falls do # a retribution for them "something that allows you to take revenge on them" - diff --git a/rom/11/10.md b/rom/11/10.md index 7eb09b8f78..14f80a180b 100644 --- a/rom/11/10.md +++ b/rom/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # bend their backs continually Here "bend their backs" is a metonym for forcing slaves to carry heavy loads on their backs. This is a metaphor for making them suffer. Alternate translation: "make them suffer like people carrying heavy loads" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/11.md b/rom/11/11.md index 3ff283ecfb..09b91a89f3 100644 --- a/rom/11/11.md +++ b/rom/11/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul uses this question to add introduce the next thing he wants to say. If your # provoke ... to jealousy See how you translated this phrase in [Romans 10:19](../10/19.md). - diff --git a/rom/11/12.md b/rom/11/12.md index 75744b777a..055b6512b2 100644 --- a/rom/11/12.md +++ b/rom/11/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the "world" is a metonym that refers to the people who live in the world, e # how much greater will their fulfillment be? This can be translated as a statement. The words "their fulfillment" refer to either 1) the time when God blesses the Jews 2) when the Jews believe in Jesus. Alternate translation: "their fulfillment will be much greater." or "how much better will it be for the non-Jews when all the Jews believe in Jesus?" or "how much better will it be for the non-Jews when God fully blesses the Jews?" - diff --git a/rom/11/13.md b/rom/11/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/11/13.md +++ b/rom/11/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/11/14.md b/rom/11/14.md index 9b9c6b19fe..cf7a856b04 100644 --- a/rom/11/14.md +++ b/rom/11/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to "my fellow Jews." # Perhaps we will save some of them God will save those who believe. Alternate translation: "Perhaps some will believe and therefore God will save them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/15.md b/rom/11/15.md index 0a3304d1eb..86a78e909f 100644 --- a/rom/11/15.md +++ b/rom/11/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Paul asks this question to emphasize that when God accepts the Jews, it will be # the dead These words speak of all dead people together in the underworld. - diff --git a/rom/11/16.md b/rom/11/16.md index ee065488d5..f5e8fe9333 100644 --- a/rom/11/16.md +++ b/rom/11/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people always dedicated to God the first crops that they harvested. Here "fi # If the root is holy, so are the branches Paul is speaking of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the Israelites' ancestors, as if they were the root of a tree, and the Israelites, who are descendants of those men, as if they were the tree's "branches." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/17.md b/rom/11/17.md index 9ec26797c7..8becc8f227 100644 --- a/rom/11/17.md +++ b/rom/11/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The pronoun "you" is singular. Here "you" and the phrase "a wild olive branch," # the rich root of the olive tree Here "the rich root" is a metaphor that refers to the promises of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/18.md b/rom/11/18.md index 7bb3360c7a..ae17045c18 100644 --- a/rom/11/18.md +++ b/rom/11/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "the branches" is a metaphor that stands for the Jewish people. Alternate t # it is not you who supports the root, but the root that supports you Again Paul implies that the Gentile believers are branches. God saves them only because of the covenant promises that he made to the Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/19.md b/rom/11/19.md index 0df37eaaeb..00dbcc4174 100644 --- a/rom/11/19.md +++ b/rom/11/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "branches" refers to the Jews who rejected Jesus and whom God has now rejec # I might be grafted in Paul uses this phrase to refer to the Gentile believers whom God has accepted. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "he might attach me in" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/20.md b/rom/11/20.md index d710d21343..b33590b43d 100644 --- a/rom/11/20.md +++ b/rom/11/20.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of the Gentile believers remaining faithful as if they were standing # be arrogant in your thoughts "think that you are better than you are" or "be proud" - diff --git a/rom/11/21.md b/rom/11/21.md index ba2ebb719a..89d255c4e1 100644 --- a/rom/11/21.md +++ b/rom/11/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For if God did not spare the natural branches, neither will he spare you Here the "natural branches" refers to the Jewish people who rejected Jesus. Alternate translation: "Since God did not spare those unbelieving Jews, who grew up like a tree's natural branches that came from the root, then know that if you do not believe, he will not spare you either" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/22.md b/rom/11/22.md index e5eeb98b57..033d55a9b6 100644 --- a/rom/11/22.md +++ b/rom/11/22.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "kindness." Alternate translati # Otherwise you also will be cut off Paul again uses the metaphor of a branch, which God can "cut off" if he needs to. Here "cut off" is a metaphor for rejecting someone. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Otherwise God will also cut you off" or "Otherwise God will also reject you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/23.md b/rom/11/23.md index a14f9a73a2..425b110ab1 100644 --- a/rom/11/23.md +++ b/rom/11/23.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a common process in which the end of a live branch of one tree is insert # they ... them All occurrences of "they" or "them" refer to the Jews. - diff --git a/rom/11/24.md b/rom/11/24.md index b747f77afc..ba77caf984 100644 --- a/rom/11/24.md +++ b/rom/11/24.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation # branches Paul is speaking of the Jews and Gentiles as if they were branches. The "natural branches" represent the Jews, and the "grafted branches" represent the Gentile believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/25.md b/rom/11/25.md index 0baee3d7fe..07e38bed30 100644 --- a/rom/11/25.md +++ b/rom/11/25.md @@ -27,5 +27,5 @@ This is the mystery that Paul referred to earlier in the sentence. This can be m Here "full number" means the amount determined by God. It does not mean all Gentiles. Alternate translation: "until the number of Gentiles determined by God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) # comes in -This is a metaphor meaning to be saved or to become a Christian. Alternate translation: "is saved" or "believes in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) +This is a metaphor meaning to be saved or to become a Christian. Alternate translation: "is saved" or "believes in Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/11/26.md b/rom/11/26.md index dfe45061f2..5bf44cf743 100644 --- a/rom/11/26.md +++ b/rom/11/26.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Paul speaks of ungodliness as if it were an object that someone could remove, su # from Jacob Here "Jacob" is used as a metonym for Israel. Alternate translation: "from the Israelite people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/27.md b/rom/11/27.md index e82993a2ec..c712f66d22 100644 --- a/rom/11/27.md +++ b/rom/11/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will take away their sins Here Paul speaks of sins as if they were objects that someone could take away. Alternate translation: "I will remove the burden of their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/28.md b/rom/11/28.md index d5c4f3df5b..b30453c616 100644 --- a/rom/11/28.md +++ b/rom/11/28.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can make explicit why Paul mentions election. Alternate translation: "becaus # they are beloved because of the patriarchs You can make explicit who loves the Jews and why Paul mentions their forefathers. You can also translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God still loves them because of what he promised to do for their ancestors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/29.md b/rom/11/29.md index e1178746b9..2ac4b587be 100644 --- a/rom/11/29.md +++ b/rom/11/29.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of the spiritual and material blessings that God promised to give hi # are irrevocable "can never be taken back" - diff --git a/rom/11/30.md b/rom/11/30.md index 76a640cb72..5ab69cc5ea 100644 --- a/rom/11/30.md +++ b/rom/11/30.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here mercy means God's undeserved blessings. Alternate translation: "because the # you This refers to Gentile believers, and is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/31.md b/rom/11/31.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/11/31.md +++ b/rom/11/31.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/11/32.md b/rom/11/32.md index 4d61b67ba5..febefca592 100644 --- a/rom/11/32.md +++ b/rom/11/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # God has shut up all into disobedience God has treated people who disobey him like prisoners who are unable to escape from prison. Alternate translation: "God has made prisoners of those who disobey him. Now they cannot stop disobeying God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/33.md b/rom/11/33.md index 2abf10e824..2ca2409c91 100644 --- a/rom/11/33.md +++ b/rom/11/33.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "wisdom" and "knowledge" mean basically the same thing. Alternate translati # How unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways beyond discovering "We are completely unable to understand the things that he has decided and to find out the ways in which he acts toward us" - diff --git a/rom/11/34.md b/rom/11/34.md index f28905bca0..905fa45d09 100644 --- a/rom/11/34.md +++ b/rom/11/34.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul uses this question to emphasize that no one is as wise as the Lord. You can # the mind of the Lord Here "mind" is a metonym for knowing things or thinking about things. Alternate translation: "all that the Lord knows" or "what the Lord thinks about" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/35.md b/rom/11/35.md index 6c43b760a2..460c64f5ab 100644 --- a/rom/11/35.md +++ b/rom/11/35.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Or who has first given anything to God, that God must repay him?" -Paul uses this question to emphasize his point. Alternate translation: "No one has ever given anything to God that he did not first receive from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - +Paul uses this question to emphasize his point. Alternate translation: "No one has ever given anything to God that he did not first receive from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) diff --git a/rom/11/36.md b/rom/11/36.md index 833b195442..acac59caf5 100644 --- a/rom/11/36.md +++ b/rom/11/36.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here, all occurrences of "him" refers to God. # To him be the glory forever This expresses Paul's desire for all people to honor God. You can make this explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: "May all people honor him forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/11/intro.md b/rom/11/intro.md index c74312b349..ea13810317 100644 --- a/rom/11/intro.md +++ b/rom/11/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Romans 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 9-10, 26-27, and 34-35, which is from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Grafting -#### Grafting Paul uses the image of "grafting" to refer to the place of the Gentiles and Jews in the plans of God. Making one plant to be permanently part of another plant is called "grafting." Paul uses the picture of God grafting the Gentiles as a wild branch into his saving plans. But God has not forgotten about the Jews, who are spoken of as the natural plant. God will also save Jews who believe in Jesus. ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ Paul uses the image of "grafting" to refer to the place of the Gentiles and Jews * __[Romans 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/12/01.md b/rom/12/01.md index dfea4e3a90..6b2d8af221 100644 --- a/rom/12/01.md +++ b/rom/12/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "a sacrifice that you give to God alone and that please # This is your reasonable service "This is the right way to worship God" - diff --git a/rom/12/02.md b/rom/12/02.md index 65a28ca0a4..edd5a63390 100644 --- a/rom/12/02.md +++ b/rom/12/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to unbelievers who live in the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/fig # but be transformed by the renewal of your mind You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "but let God change the way you think and behave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/12/03.md b/rom/12/03.md index 507ec7ee26..4e1da34081 100644 --- a/rom/12/03.md +++ b/rom/12/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "grace" refers to God's choosing Paul to be an apostle and leader of the ch # each according to the measure of faith that God has given you Paul implies here that believers have different abilities that correspond to their faith in God. Alternate translation: "since God has given each of you different abilities because of your trust in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/12/04.md b/rom/12/04.md index 75d90da977..e3c64c568d 100644 --- a/rom/12/04.md +++ b/rom/12/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul refers to all the believers in Christ as if they were different parts of th # members Such parts of the body as eyes, ears, and hands. - diff --git a/rom/12/05.md b/rom/12/05.md index 5a17701ef3..8912474db5 100644 --- a/rom/12/05.md +++ b/rom/12/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # are individually members of each other Paul speaks of the believers as if God had physically joined them together like the parts of the human body. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God has joined each believer together with all other believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/12/06.md b/rom/12/06.md index a4e4ea8a46..963af79029 100644 --- a/rom/12/06.md +++ b/rom/12/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of believers' different abilities as being free gifts from God. You # let it be done according to the proportion of his faith Possible meanings are 1) "let him speak prophecies that do not go beyond the amount of faith God has given us" or 2) "let him speak prophecies that agree with the teachings of our faith." - diff --git a/rom/12/07.md b/rom/12/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/12/07.md +++ b/rom/12/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/12/08.md b/rom/12/08.md index 188d19a9ca..6cfb66525f 100644 --- a/rom/12/08.md +++ b/rom/12/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # If one's gift is giving, let him do it Here "giving" refers to giving money and other things to people. You can make this meaning explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: "If one has the gift of giving money or other goods to people in need, let him give" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/12/09.md b/rom/12/09.md index f6914a6863..93674009eb 100644 --- a/rom/12/09.md +++ b/rom/12/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "You must love # love The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. - diff --git a/rom/12/10.md b/rom/12/10.md index b9e53299c1..c2a84b44fe 100644 --- a/rom/12/10.md +++ b/rom/12/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In the original language a different word is used for "love" here than is used i # Concerning honor, respect one another "Honor and respect one another" or "Honor your fellow believers by respecting them" - diff --git a/rom/12/11.md b/rom/12/11.md index c95462c2b1..1540b971e9 100644 --- a/rom/12/11.md +++ b/rom/12/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Concerning diligence, do not be hesitant. Concerning the spirit, be eager. Concerning the Lord, serve him "Do not be lazy in your duty, but be eager to follow the Spirit and to serve the Lord" - diff --git a/rom/12/12.md b/rom/12/12.md index d8d361cc42..c6fb2e457b 100644 --- a/rom/12/12.md +++ b/rom/12/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # be faithful in prayer "pray faithfully" - diff --git a/rom/12/13.md b/rom/12/13.md index 5a51ffaea8..7a67a32c07 100644 --- a/rom/12/13.md +++ b/rom/12/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the last item in the list that began in [Romans 12:9](./09.md). # Find many ways to show hospitality "Always welcome Christians into your home when they need a place to stay" - diff --git a/rom/12/14.md b/rom/12/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/12/14.md +++ b/rom/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/12/15.md b/rom/12/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/12/15.md +++ b/rom/12/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/12/16.md b/rom/12/16.md index 493e4d1394..5785e894ff 100644 --- a/rom/12/16.md +++ b/rom/12/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that means to live in unity. Alternate translation: "Agree with # Do not be wise in your own thoughts "Do not think of yourselves as having more wisdom than everyone else" - diff --git a/rom/12/17.md b/rom/12/17.md index cb4a14e9a5..f5dc89d4ff 100644 --- a/rom/12/17.md +++ b/rom/12/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Do good things in the sight of all people "Do things that everyone considers to be good" - diff --git a/rom/12/18.md b/rom/12/18.md index f9af0e9290..206c823653 100644 --- a/rom/12/18.md +++ b/rom/12/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # as far as it depends on you, live at peace with all people "do whatever you can to live in peace with everyone" - diff --git a/rom/12/19.md b/rom/12/19.md index 8c9fc9b6b7..577074a445 100644 --- a/rom/12/19.md +++ b/rom/12/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "For someone ha # Vengeance belongs to me; I will repay These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that God will avenge his people. Alternate translation: "I will certainly avenge you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/rom/12/20.md b/rom/12/20.md index 18d5b32171..6afc66d3e6 100644 --- a/rom/12/20.md +++ b/rom/12/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul quotes another part of scripture. Alternate translation: "But the scripture # you will heap coals of fire on his head Paul speaks of the blessings that the enemies will receive as if someone were pouring hot coals on their heads. Possible meanings are 1) "you will make the person who harmed you feel ashamed about how he has mistreated you" or 2) "you will give God a reason to judge your enemy more harshly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/12/21.md b/rom/12/21.md index 3a101db3ef..886fa3cdcc 100644 --- a/rom/12/21.md +++ b/rom/12/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul describes "evil" as though it were a person. You can translate this in an a # Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil These verbs are addressed as to one person and so are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/rom/12/intro.md b/rom/12/intro.md index c5af37fc8f..77c77f0f0e 100644 --- a/rom/12/intro.md +++ b/rom/12/intro.md @@ -1,23 +1,25 @@ # Romans 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verse 20, which is from the Old Testament. Many scholars believe Paul uses the word "therefore" in [Romans 12:1](../../rom/12/01.md) to refer back to all of Chapters 1-11. Having carefully explained the Christian gospel, Paul now explains how Christians should live in light of these great truths. Chapters 12-16 focus on living out one's Christian faith. Paul uses many different commands in these chapters to give these practical instructions. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Christian living -#### Christian living Under the law of Moses, people were required to offer temple sacrifices of animals or grain. Now Christians are required to live their lives as a type of sacrifice to God. Physical sacrifices are no longer required. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Body of Christ -#### Body of Christ The body of Christ is an important metaphor or image used in Scripture to refer to the church. Each church member has a unique and important function. Christians need each other. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/body]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) + ## Links: * __[Romans 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/13/01.md b/rom/13/01.md index 65557745ab..be99a723b7 100644 --- a/rom/13/01.md +++ b/rom/13/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ because # The authorities that exist have been appointed by God You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "And the people who are in authority are there because God put them there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/13/02.md b/rom/13/02.md index 27de21aed2..e18f74764b 100644 --- a/rom/13/02.md +++ b/rom/13/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # those who oppose it will receive judgment on themselves You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will judge those who oppose government authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/13/03.md b/rom/13/03.md index 5c206e810d..56b85310c9 100644 --- a/rom/13/03.md +++ b/rom/13/03.md @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ Paul uses this word to begin his explanation of [Romans 13:2](../13/02.md) and t "rulers do not cause terror for those who do good deeds, but for those who do evil deeds" - # Do you desire to have no fear of the one in authority? Paul uses this question to get people to think about what they need to do in order not to be afraid of rulers. Alternate translation: "Let me tell you how you can be unafraid of the ruler." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) @@ -14,4 +13,3 @@ Paul uses this question to get people to think about what they need to do in ord # you will receive his praise "the one in authority will say good things about you" - diff --git a/rom/13/04.md b/rom/13/04.md index 59ca151a44..6b39ddb774 100644 --- a/rom/13/04.md +++ b/rom/13/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Roman governors carried a short sword as a symbol of their authority. (See: [[rc # an avenger for wrath on the one who does evil Here "wrath" represents the punishment people receive when they do evil deeds. Alternate translation: "a person who punishes, on God's behalf, those who do evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/13/05.md b/rom/13/05.md index e32d548d2e..940b2ad3f1 100644 --- a/rom/13/05.md +++ b/rom/13/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # not only because of the wrath, but also because of conscience "not only so the government will not punish you, but also so you will have a clear conscience before God" - diff --git a/rom/13/06.md b/rom/13/06.md index e8a1470e60..7c1b036913 100644 --- a/rom/13/06.md +++ b/rom/13/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is addressing the believers here, so this is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man # attend to "administer" or "work on" - diff --git a/rom/13/07.md b/rom/13/07.md index f14b89b498..6155feb889 100644 --- a/rom/13/07.md +++ b/rom/13/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here paying fear and honor is a metaphor for fearing and honoring those who dese # toll This is a kind of tax. - diff --git a/rom/13/08.md b/rom/13/08.md index d6a764f872..7a7bcddf4d 100644 --- a/rom/13/08.md +++ b/rom/13/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This elliptical command includes the idea of "owe" from earlier in the sentence. # love The kind of love that comes from God is focused on having good things happen to others even when those good things do not happen to the one who loves. - diff --git a/rom/13/09.md b/rom/13/09.md index 8c25a5db52..b2b488e9e4 100644 --- a/rom/13/09.md +++ b/rom/13/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # covet To covet is to desire to have or possess something that another person possesses. - diff --git a/rom/13/10.md b/rom/13/10.md index 0b258a1aa4..3aebead151 100644 --- a/rom/13/10.md +++ b/rom/13/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Love does no harm to a neighbor This phrase portrays love as a person who is being kind to other people. Alternate translation: "People who love their neighbors do not harm them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/13/11.md b/rom/13/11.md index 0b184a98e4..2b9f39ebe6 100644 --- a/rom/13/11.md +++ b/rom/13/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of the need for the Roman believers to change their behavior as if t # hour "time" - diff --git a/rom/13/12.md b/rom/13/12.md index 04287db724..f2da5fc337 100644 --- a/rom/13/12.md +++ b/rom/13/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of of "works of darkness" as if they are clothing that a person puts # let us put on the armor of light Here "light" is a metaphor for what is good and right. Paul speaks of people who are doing what is right as if they were putting on armor to protect themselves. Alternate translation: "let us start doing what is right. Doing this will protect us from what is evil, like armor protects a solider" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/13/13.md b/rom/13/13.md index 4faf881bf6..5f3481f640 100644 --- a/rom/13/13.md +++ b/rom/13/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to plotting against and arguing with other people. # jealousy This refers to negative feelings against another person's success or advantage over others. - diff --git a/rom/13/14.md b/rom/13/14.md index 0f7149bee5..58b95e061e 100644 --- a/rom/13/14.md +++ b/rom/13/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ If your language has a plural form for commands, use it here. # make no provision for the flesh Here the "flesh" refers to the self-directed nature of people who oppose God. This is the sinful nature of human beings. Alternate translation: "do not allow your old evil heart any opportunity at all for doing wicked things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/13/intro.md b/rom/13/intro.md index 481d6cefca..7c81eeb212 100644 --- a/rom/13/intro.md +++ b/rom/13/intro.md @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ # Romans 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In the first part of this chapter, Paul teaches Christians to obey rulers who govern them. At that time, ungodly Roman rulers governed the land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Ungodly rulers -#### Ungodly rulers Some readers will find it difficult to understand what Paul teaches about obeying rulers, especially if they are in places where rulers persecute the church. Christians must obey their rulers as well as obey God, unless the rulers do not allow Christians to do something God explicitly commands them to do. There are times when a believer must submit to these rulers and suffer at their hands. Christians understand that this world is temporary and they will ultimately be with God forever. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Flesh +### Flesh This is a complex issue. "Flesh" is possibly a metaphor for our sinful nature. Paul is not teaching that our physical bodies are sinful. Paul appears to be teaching that as long as Christians are alive ("in the flesh"), we will continue to sin. But our new nature will be fighting against our old nature. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) + ## Links: * __[Romans 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/14/01.md b/rom/14/01.md index dab979b632..d31f70912d 100644 --- a/rom/14/01.md +++ b/rom/14/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to those who felt guilty over eating and drinking certain things. # without giving judgment about arguments "and do not condemn them for their opinions" - diff --git a/rom/14/02.md b/rom/14/02.md index 1184f55bb7..7563555afa 100644 --- a/rom/14/02.md +++ b/rom/14/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "faith" refers to doing what a person believes God is telling him to do. # another who is weak eats only vegetables This describes a person who believes God does not want him to eat meat. - diff --git a/rom/14/03.md b/rom/14/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/14/03.md +++ b/rom/14/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/14/04.md b/rom/14/04.md index 535b531975..2739750d4c 100644 --- a/rom/14/04.md +++ b/rom/14/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of God as if he were a master who owned servants. Alternate translat # But he will be made to stand, for the Lord is able to make him stand Paul speaks of the servant who is acceptable to God as if he were being "made to stand" instead of falling. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "But the Lord will accept him because he is able to make the servant acceptable" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/05.md b/rom/14/05.md index 3eb0fbc713..5184299788 100644 --- a/rom/14/05.md +++ b/rom/14/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Let each person be convinced in his own mind You can make the full meaning explicit. You can also translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Let each person be sure what he is doing is to honor the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/06.md b/rom/14/06.md index efc1cebf91..95f5279550 100644 --- a/rom/14/06.md +++ b/rom/14/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "everything" is understood from [Romans 14:3](../14/03.md). It can be r # refrains from eating for the Lord His purpose in refraining from eating certain foods is to honor the Lord. Alternate translation: "refrains from eating certain foods in order to honor the Lord" - diff --git a/rom/14/07.md b/rom/14/07.md index fe210ce7ab..55c2a7eb67 100644 --- a/rom/14/07.md +++ b/rom/14/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul is including his readers, so this is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/ # none dies for himself Here "dies for himself" means to die only to please oneself. Alternate translation: "None of us should die merely to please himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/08.md b/rom/14/08.md index 3aec660d3a..636c1e229b 100644 --- a/rom/14/08.md +++ b/rom/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: Paul is speaking of both himself and his readers, so all instances of "we" are inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/09.md b/rom/14/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/14/09.md +++ b/rom/14/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/14/10.md b/rom/14/10.md index 03bef402c6..d4fdb1d3c9 100644 --- a/rom/14/10.md +++ b/rom/14/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this means a fellow Christian, male or female. # For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God The "judgment seat" refers to God's authority to judge. Alternate translation: "For God will judge us all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/11.md b/rom/14/11.md index fd78f40317..e96044dccb 100644 --- a/rom/14/11.md +++ b/rom/14/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used to start an oath or solemn promise. Alternate translation: " # to me every knee will bend, and every tongue will confess to God Paul uses the words "knee" and "tongue" to refer to the whole person. Also, the Lord uses the word "God" to refer to himself. Alternate translation: "every person will bow and give praise to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/12.md b/rom/14/12.md index 013dbccc04..6e095f1066 100644 --- a/rom/14/12.md +++ b/rom/14/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # will give an account of himself to God "will have to explain his actions to God" - diff --git a/rom/14/13.md b/rom/14/13.md index 055852d711..97195f33bd 100644 --- a/rom/14/13.md +++ b/rom/14/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "stumbling block" and "snare" mean basically the same thing. Alternate tran # brother Here this means a fellow Christian, male or female. - diff --git a/rom/14/14.md b/rom/14/14.md index 3c7b6efb5f..b9e10ff458 100644 --- a/rom/14/14.md +++ b/rom/14/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ You can translate this in a positive form. Alternate translation: "everything by # Only for him who considers anything to be unclean, for him it is unclean Paul implies here that a person should stay away from anything that he thinks is unclean. You can make this explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: "But if a person thinks something is unclean, then for that person it is unclean and he should stay away from it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/15.md b/rom/14/15.md index 3b2b3f3a22..600ad68dfc 100644 --- a/rom/14/15.md +++ b/rom/14/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this means a fellow Christian, male or female. # you are no longer walking in love Paul speaks of the behavior of believers as if it were a walk. Alternate translation: "then you are no longer showing love" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/16.md b/rom/14/16.md index b48f94a306..093bfb6aaf 100644 --- a/rom/14/16.md +++ b/rom/14/16.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So do not allow what you consider to be good to be spoken of as evil "If someone thinks that something is evil, do not do it, even if you consider it to be good" - diff --git a/rom/14/17.md b/rom/14/17.md index e426106029..f28c1e6a01 100644 --- a/rom/14/17.md +++ b/rom/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # For the kingdom of God is not about food and drink, but about righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit Paul argues that God set up his kingdom so he could give us a right relationship with himself, and could provide peace and joy. Alternate translation: "For God did not set up his kingdom so that he could rule over what we eat and drink. He set up his kingdom so we could have a right relationship with him, and so he could give us peace and joy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/18.md b/rom/14/18.md index 878c4b16a5..d4a5133e06 100644 --- a/rom/14/18.md +++ b/rom/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # approved by people You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "people will approve of him" or "people will respect him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/19.md b/rom/14/19.md index 7b708cc48b..8c756acd66 100644 --- a/rom/14/19.md +++ b/rom/14/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # let us pursue the things of peace and the things that build up one another Here "build up one another" refers to helping each other grow in faith. Alternate translation: "let us seek to live peacefully together and help one another grow stronger in faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/20.md b/rom/14/20.md index 2e3e0bab56..2e1f6628de 100644 --- a/rom/14/20.md +++ b/rom/14/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You can make explicit the full meaning of this sentence. Alternate translation: # but it is wrong for a man to eat anything that causes someone to stumble Here anything that "causes someone to stumble" means it causes a weaker brother to do something that is against his conscience. Alternate translation: "but it would be a sin for someone to eat food that another brother thinks is wrong to eat, if by eating this causes the weaker brother to do something that is against his conscience" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/21.md b/rom/14/21.md index 6c4a341437..fb89c164b0 100644 --- a/rom/14/21.md +++ b/rom/14/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this means a fellow Christian, male or female. # your This refers to the strong in faith and "brother" refers to the weak in faith. - diff --git a/rom/14/22.md b/rom/14/22.md index f9a3957219..c69308e867 100644 --- a/rom/14/22.md +++ b/rom/14/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ singular. Because Paul is addressing the believers, you may have to translate th # Blessed is the one who does not condemn himself by what he approves "Blessed are those who do not feel guilty for what they decide to do" - diff --git a/rom/14/23.md b/rom/14/23.md index 53902bb0ab..a7eef7b9f7 100644 --- a/rom/14/23.md +++ b/rom/14/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Anything that is "not from faith" is something that God does not want you to do. # whatever is not from faith is sin Anything that is "not from faith" is something that God does not want you to do. You can make explicit the full meaning here. Alternate translation: "you are sinning if you do something that you do not believe God wants you to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/intro.md b/rom/14/intro.md index 78813e1cbb..c664522310 100644 --- a/rom/14/intro.md +++ b/rom/14/intro.md @@ -1,26 +1,25 @@ # Romans 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verse 11 of this chapter, which Paul quotes from the Old Testament. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Weak in faith +### Weak in faith Paul teaches that Christians can have real faith and at the same time be "weak in faith" in a given situation. This describes Christians whose faith is immature, not strong, or misunderstood. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -#### Dietary restrictions +### Dietary restrictions -Many religions in the ancient Near East restricted what was eaten. Christians have freedom to eat what they want. But they need to use this freedom wisely, in a way that honors the Lord and does not cause others to sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) +Many religions in the ancient Near East restricted what was eaten. Christians have freedom to eat what they want. But they need to use this freedom wisely, in a way that honors the Lord and does not cause others to sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -#### The judgment seat of God +### The judgment seat of God -The judgment seat of God or Christ represents a time when all people, including Christians, will be held accountable for the way they lived their lives. +The judgment seat of God or Christ represents a time when all people, including Christians, will be held accountable for the way they lived their lives. ## Links: * __[Romans 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/15/01.md b/rom/15/01.md index 4277953332..a1bec20451 100644 --- a/rom/15/01.md +++ b/rom/15/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to Paul, his readers, and other believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ji # the weak Here "the weak" refers to the people who are weak in their faith. They believe that God does not allow them to eat some kinds of food. Alternate translation: "those who are weak in faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/02.md b/rom/15/02.md index 7758c4d2ba..d70ecdf366 100644 --- a/rom/15/02.md +++ b/rom/15/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to build him up By this, Paul means to strengthen someone's faith. Alternate translation: "to strengthen his faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/03.md b/rom/15/03.md index c0e26d9b85..c8fae9208f 100644 --- a/rom/15/03.md +++ b/rom/15/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Paul refers to a scripture where Christ (the Messiah) speaks to God. You ca # The insults of those who insulted you fell on me Those who blasphemed God insulted Christ. This is an indirect way of saying that those who slandered Christ were blaspheming God. - diff --git a/rom/15/04.md b/rom/15/04.md index 2164883b5a..1db1d7b902 100644 --- a/rom/15/04.md +++ b/rom/15/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The meanings in the abstract nouns "patience" and "encouragement" can be express # we would have hope Here the word "hope" is a person's confident expectation that what he desires really will happen. The abstract noun "hope" can be translated here with the verbs "confidently expect" or "confidently wait" or "trust." What the hope is about can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "we would confidently wait for God" or "we would confidently expect that God will do what he has promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/05.md b/rom/15/05.md index a2b4c99d00..d7b1238083 100644 --- a/rom/15/05.md +++ b/rom/15/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Paul starts to # to be of the same mind with each other Here to be of the "same mind" is a metonym that means to be in agreement with each other. Alternate translation: "to be in agreement with each other" or "to be united" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/06.md b/rom/15/06.md index 1ecd5cfd06..0c55f5d364 100644 --- a/rom/15/06.md +++ b/rom/15/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The phrases "one mind" and "one mouth" both represent people being united togeth # with one mind This phrase translates a word that speaks of people who agree with each other and who work together to accomplish a common purpose. - diff --git a/rom/15/07.md b/rom/15/07.md index 40e3cd570f..d2f8cd74de 100644 --- a/rom/15/07.md +++ b/rom/15/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # receive one another ... received you "accept one another ... accepted you" - diff --git a/rom/15/08.md b/rom/15/08.md index 3c09a4caba..7ba6e5bc12 100644 --- a/rom/15/08.md +++ b/rom/15/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is one of the two purposes for which Christ became a servant of the circumc # the promises given to the patriarchs Here "the fathers" refers to the ancestors of the Jewish people. You can translate this in active form. Alternate translation: "the promises that God gave to the ancestors of the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/09.md b/rom/15/09.md index 3e4d6abb40..56160ba658 100644 --- a/rom/15/09.md +++ b/rom/15/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "As someone has # sing praise to your name Here "your name" is a metonym that refers to God. Alternate translation: "sing praise to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/10.md b/rom/15/10.md index 11cd023b44..7bbbe19d6d 100644 --- a/rom/15/10.md +++ b/rom/15/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # with his people This refers to God's people. You can make this explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: "with the people of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/11.md b/rom/15/11.md index 6cb957f89d..09c03dfbd4 100644 --- a/rom/15/11.md +++ b/rom/15/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # praise him "praise the Lord" - diff --git a/rom/15/12.md b/rom/15/12.md index b40dc2e941..52020f245a 100644 --- a/rom/15/12.md +++ b/rom/15/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Jesse was the physical father of King David. Alternate translation: "descendant # in him the Gentiles will have hope Here "him" refers to the descendant of Jesse and King David, the Messiah. The Gentiles will trust him to fulfill his promises. The abstract noun "hope" can be translated here with the verbs "trust" or "confidently wait" or confidently expect." Alternate translation: "the Gentiles will trust in him" or "the Gentiles will confidently wait for him to fulfill his promises" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/13.md b/rom/15/13.md index 403f08ffef..d435f7948e 100644 --- a/rom/15/13.md +++ b/rom/15/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "fill you" is a metaphor for "cause you to have." Alternate translation: "c # in believing "as you believe in him" - diff --git a/rom/15/14.md b/rom/15/14.md index 62ca97423d..0f191797e1 100644 --- a/rom/15/14.md +++ b/rom/15/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. # filled with all knowledge Paul exaggerates here to emphasize his point. Alternate translation: "filled with sufficient knowledge to follow God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/15.md b/rom/15/15.md index 5b4c4f3ce4..ba0a2ec6cf 100644 --- a/rom/15/15.md +++ b/rom/15/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the grace given me by God Paul speaks of grace as if it were a physical gift that God had given him. God had appointed Paul an apostle even though he had persecuted believers before he decided to follow Jesus. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "the grace that God gave me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/16.md b/rom/15/16.md index 7e4ff43d5f..f9b98bbfbe 100644 --- a/rom/15/16.md +++ b/rom/15/16.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ Paul speaks of the Gentiles as if they were an offering brought to God. Alternate translation: "the Gentiles might be like an offering that pleases God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # sanctified by the Holy Spirit -"having been made holy by the Holy Spirit." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which the Holy Spirit made holy" or "which the Holy Spirit dedicated to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) +"having been made holy by the Holy Spirit." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which the Holy Spirit made holy" or "which the Holy Spirit dedicated to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/15/17.md b/rom/15/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/15/17.md +++ b/rom/15/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/15/18.md b/rom/15/18.md index 1355593f57..45fb8af057 100644 --- a/rom/15/18.md +++ b/rom/15/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This double negative emphasizes that what Christ has accomplished is the only th # These are things done by word and action This can be translated in active form: Alternate translation: Alternate translation: "These are things that Christ has accomplished through what I have said and done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/19.md b/rom/15/19.md index e50430678f..fc77c595f2 100644 --- a/rom/15/19.md +++ b/rom/15/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two words mean basically the same thing and refer to various kinds of mira # so that from Jerusalem, and round about as far as Illyricum This is from the city of Jerusalem as far as the province of Illyricum, a region close to Italy. - diff --git a/rom/15/20.md b/rom/15/20.md index 84e2f5167b..b6970cb3fd 100644 --- a/rom/15/20.md +++ b/rom/15/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul only wants to preach to people who have never heard of Christ. Alternate tr # in order that I might not build upon another man's foundation Paul speaks of his ministry work as if he were building a house on a foundation. Alternate translation: "in order that I might not be simply continuing the work that someone else already started. I do not want to be like a man who builds a house on someone else's foundation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/21.md b/rom/15/21.md index b47c5b11bb..d8a9381c19 100644 --- a/rom/15/21.md +++ b/rom/15/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Paul refers to what Isaiah wrote in the scriptures. You can translate this # Those to whom no report of him came Here Paul speaks of the "report" or message about Christ as if it were alive and able to move by itself. Alternate translation: "Those whom no one had told the news about him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/22.md b/rom/15/22.md index 5d63e48d77..da5a62cbf9 100644 --- a/rom/15/22.md +++ b/rom/15/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul tells the believers in Rome about his personal plans to visit them and asks # I was also hindered You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "they also hindered me" or "people also hindered me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/23.md b/rom/15/23.md index 4b8bc063fc..a03a8bde77 100644 --- a/rom/15/23.md +++ b/rom/15/23.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I no longer have any place in these regions Paul implies that the reason he no longer has any place is because the Gospel had been preached in all these regions. Alternate translation: "there are no more places in these regions where people have not heard about Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/24.md b/rom/15/24.md index 52baf0230f..28b23e89d8 100644 --- a/rom/15/24.md +++ b/rom/15/24.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Paul implies that he wants the Roman believers to provide some financial as # have enjoyed your company "have enjoyed spending some time with you" or "have enjoyed visiting you" - diff --git a/rom/15/25.md b/rom/15/25.md index def2578611..1a6e1ca591 100644 --- a/rom/15/25.md +++ b/rom/15/25.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # serving God's holy people You may need to make explicit how Paul was serving the people. Alternate translation: "bringing aid to God's holy people" ((See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])) - diff --git a/rom/15/26.md b/rom/15/26.md index 2b52978ed5..d4e4ec034e 100644 --- a/rom/15/26.md +++ b/rom/15/26.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # it was the good pleasure of Macedonia and Achaia Here the words "Macedonia" and "Achaia" are synecdoches for the people who live in those areas. Alternate translation: "the believers in the provinces of Macedonia and Achaia were happy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/27.md b/rom/15/27.md index 2ef5822267..96d504108d 100644 --- a/rom/15/27.md +++ b/rom/15/27.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "minister" here means to serve in a formal way as part of their service # with their material things "by giving them material things" - diff --git a/rom/15/28.md b/rom/15/28.md index 245e8bfe8f..9d7591fc12 100644 --- a/rom/15/28.md +++ b/rom/15/28.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # and have made sure that they receive all that was collected This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and have safely delivered this offering to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/29.md b/rom/15/29.md index 452ec9f925..abcd417461 100644 --- a/rom/15/29.md +++ b/rom/15/29.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I know that when I come to you I will come in the fullness of the blessing of Christ This phrase means that Christ will bless Paul and the Roman believers. Alternate translation: "And I know that when I visit you, Christ will abundantly bless us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/30.md b/rom/15/30.md index 03d123dcca..95ace9f5c1 100644 --- a/rom/15/30.md +++ b/rom/15/30.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. # you strive "you work hard" or "you struggle" - diff --git a/rom/15/31.md b/rom/15/31.md index 881cec25e0..416ae1c137 100644 --- a/rom/15/31.md +++ b/rom/15/31.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God may rescue me fro # that my service for Jerusalem may be acceptable to God's holy people Here Paul expresses his desire that the believers in Jerusalem will gladly accept the money from the believers in Macedonia and Achaia. Alternate translation: "pray that the believers in Jerusalem will be glad to receive the money that I am bringing them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/32.md b/rom/15/32.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/15/32.md +++ b/rom/15/32.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/15/33.md b/rom/15/33.md index ba4052c0c0..7a24dbb5b7 100644 --- a/rom/15/33.md +++ b/rom/15/33.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # May the God of peace The "God of peace" means the God who causes believers to have inner peace. Alternate translation: "I pray that God, who causes all of us to have inner peace, will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/15/intro.md b/rom/15/intro.md index 601be478ed..6fc56c6bba 100644 --- a/rom/15/intro.md +++ b/rom/15/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Romans 15 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 9-11 and 21 of this chapter. These lines of poetry are from the Old Testament. @@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ Some translations also set prose quotations from the Old Testament farther to th In [Romans 15:14](../../rom/15/14.md), Paul begins to speak more personally. He shifts from teaching to telling of his personal plans. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter -#### Strong/Weak -These terms are used to refer to people who are mature and immature in their faith. Paul teaches that those who are strong in faith need to help those who are weak in faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) +### Strong/Weak + +These terms are used to refer to people who are mature and immature in their faith. Paul teaches that those who are strong in faith need to help those who are weak in faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) ## Links: * __[Romans 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rom/16/02.md b/rom/16/02.md index 88a62a1cbd..68ce8b5419 100644 --- a/rom/16/02.md +++ b/rom/16/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul encourages the Roman believers to welcome Phoebe as a fellow believer. Alte # has been a great help to many and to myself as well "has supported many people, and she has also supported me" - diff --git a/rom/16/03.md b/rom/16/03.md index 200156c621..9be5bcc0d5 100644 --- a/rom/16/03.md +++ b/rom/16/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Priscilla was the wife of Aquila. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # my fellow workers in Christ Jesus Paul's "fellow workers" are people who also tell others about Jesus. Alternate translation: "who work with me to tell people about Christ Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/04.md b/rom/16/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/16/04.md +++ b/rom/16/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/16/05.md b/rom/16/05.md index cc78098f21..89c5137060 100644 --- a/rom/16/05.md +++ b/rom/16/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc # firstfruit of Asia to Christ Paul speaks of Epaenetus as if he were a fruit that he harvested. Alternate translation: "first person in Asia to believe in Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/06.md b/rom/16/06.md index b034770eef..a9ea97b9cd 100644 --- a/rom/16/06.md +++ b/rom/16/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Mary This is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/07.md b/rom/16/07.md index 3bb70958f6..d065ec1f9e 100644 --- a/rom/16/07.md +++ b/rom/16/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # They are well known among the apostles You can translate this in an active form. "The apostles Alternate translations: "The apostles know them very well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/08.md b/rom/16/08.md index 2afe78e4ae..c6941fc33d 100644 --- a/rom/16/08.md +++ b/rom/16/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # my beloved in the Lord "my dear friend and fellow believer" - diff --git a/rom/16/09.md b/rom/16/09.md index 59ea177b64..e7efee281d 100644 --- a/rom/16/09.md +++ b/rom/16/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Urbanus ... Stachys These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/10.md b/rom/16/10.md index 1ffb014cf9..b8247bd977 100644 --- a/rom/16/10.md +++ b/rom/16/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # the approved in Christ The word "approved" refers to someone who has been tested and proved to be genuine. Alternate translation: "whom Christ has approved" - diff --git a/rom/16/11.md b/rom/16/11.md index 1db6804fdf..8e66917750 100644 --- a/rom/16/11.md +++ b/rom/16/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # who are in the Lord This refers to those who trust in Jesus. Alternate translation: "who are believers" or "who belong to the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/12.md b/rom/16/12.md index 4f3071cb4d..5a424fd7a4 100644 --- a/rom/16/12.md +++ b/rom/16/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Tryphaena ... Tryphosa ... Persis These are women's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/13.md b/rom/16/13.md index 7fe5b41e84..a10346bdda 100644 --- a/rom/16/13.md +++ b/rom/16/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "whom the Lord # his mother and mine Paul speaks of the mother of Rufus as if she were his own mother. Alternate translation: "his mother, whom I also think of as my mother" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/14.md b/rom/16/14.md index a6802df5ad..239d3ab7ab 100644 --- a/rom/16/14.md +++ b/rom/16/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://e # brothers Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. - diff --git a/rom/16/15.md b/rom/16/15.md index 5f99dc717c..82f6b4b6f2 100644 --- a/rom/16/15.md +++ b/rom/16/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://e # Julia The name of a woman. Julia was probably the wife of Philologus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/16.md b/rom/16/16.md index 42a581557a..86611b89e5 100644 --- a/rom/16/16.md +++ b/rom/16/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ an expression of affection for fellow believers # All the churches of Christ greet you Here Paul speaks in a general manner concerning the churches of Christ. Alternate translation: "The believers in all the churches in this area send their greetings to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/17.md b/rom/16/17.md index 8858e8123c..1333e41f67 100644 --- a/rom/16/17.md +++ b/rom/16/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to those who argue and cause others to stop trusting in Jesus. Alter # Turn away from them "Turn away" here is an metaphor for "refuse to listen." Alternate translation: "Do not listen to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/18.md b/rom/16/18.md index 74f7b8dc09..0b67fd8a90 100644 --- a/rom/16/18.md +++ b/rom/16/18.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hearts" is a metonym for the minds and inner beings of people. Alternate t # innocent This refers to those who are simple, inexperienced, and naive. Alternate translation: "those who innocently trust them" or "those who do not know these teachers are fooling them" - diff --git a/rom/16/19.md b/rom/16/19.md index a39d891183..0cf58dfd6b 100644 --- a/rom/16/19.md +++ b/rom/16/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Paul speaks of the Roman believers' obedience as if it were a person who co # innocent to that which is evil "not involved in doing evil things" - diff --git a/rom/16/20.md b/rom/16/20.md index b36bc7264b..4b321aff9e 100644 --- a/rom/16/20.md +++ b/rom/16/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet To say that a person will crush their enemy under their feet means that the person will have complete victory over their enemy. Here Paul speaks of the victory over Satan as if the Roman believers were trampling an enemy under their feet. Alternate translation: "Soon God will give you peace and complete victory over Satan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/21.md b/rom/16/21.md index d0aa7e651c..a53222b9c3 100644 --- a/rom/16/21.md +++ b/rom/16/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul gives greetings from the believers who are with him. # Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/22.md b/rom/16/22.md index d41e79b653..b051ad3d39 100644 --- a/rom/16/22.md +++ b/rom/16/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Tertius is the man who wrote down what Paul spoke. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/tr # greet you in the Lord "greet you as a fellow believer" - diff --git a/rom/16/23.md b/rom/16/23.md index 14defdf29e..894b4f294e 100644 --- a/rom/16/23.md +++ b/rom/16/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Gaius, the person in whose house Paul and his fellow believers ga # the treasurer This is a person who takes care of the money for a group. - diff --git a/rom/16/24.md b/rom/16/24.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rom/16/24.md +++ b/rom/16/24.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rom/16/25.md b/rom/16/25.md index d9b8cc914d..e9fe1e8d60 100644 --- a/rom/16/25.md +++ b/rom/16/25.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Paul says that God has revealed previously hidden truths to the believers. He sp # for long ages since the beginning of time - diff --git a/rom/16/26.md b/rom/16/26.md index 0c81ca2e48..6ac02664b5 100644 --- a/rom/16/26.md +++ b/rom/16/26.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The verbs "revealed" and "made known" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses b # to bring about the obedience of faith Here "obedience" and "faith" are abstract nouns. You can use the verbs "obey" and "trust" in your translation. You may need to make explicit who will obey and trust. Alternate translation: "so that all nations will obey God because they trust in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/27.md b/rom/16/27.md index 2f8ec76baf..37388a3c0c 100644 --- a/rom/16/27.md +++ b/rom/16/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to the only wise God ... be glory forever. Amen Here "through Jesus Christ" refers to what Jesus did. To give "glory" means to praise God. Alternate translation: "Because of what Jesus Christ has done for us, we will praise forever the one who alone is God and who alone is wise. Amen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rom/16/intro.md b/rom/16/intro.md index 057a5fa26f..c499518c37 100644 --- a/rom/16/intro.md +++ b/rom/16/intro.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ # Romans 16 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting In this chapter, Paul gives personal greetings to some of the Christians in Rome. It was common to end a letter in the ancient Near East with this type of personal greeting. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Because of the personal nature of this chapter, much of the context is unknown. This will make translation more difficult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Because of the personal nature of this chapter, much of the context is unknown. * __[Romans 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../15/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/rom/front/intro.md b/rom/front/intro.md index 9687393ee0..79ce984b9f 100644 --- a/rom/front/intro.md +++ b/rom/front/intro.md @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Paul probably wrote this letter while he was staying in the city of Corinth duri Paul wrote this letter to the Christians in Rome. Paul wanted to get them ready to receive him when he visited them. He said his purpose was to "bring about the obedience of faith" (16:26). In this letter Paul most fully described the gospel of Jesus Christ. He explained that both Jews and non-Jews have sinned, and God will forgive them and declare them righteous only if they believe in Jesus (chapters 1-11). Then he gave them practical advice for how believers should live (chapters 12-16), - + ### How should the title of this book be translated? Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "Romans." Or they may choose a clearer title, such as "Paul's Letter to the Church in Rome," or "A Letter to the Christians in Rome." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) @@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ These phrases also have specific meanings that depend on how Paul used them in a ### How are the ideas of "holy," "saints" or "holy ones," and "sanctify" represented in Romans in the ULB? The scriptures use such words to indicate any one of various ideas. For this reason, it is often difficult for translators to represent them well in their versions. In translating into English, the ULB uses the following principles: + * Sometimes the meaning in a passage implies moral holiness. Especially important for understanding the gospel is the fact that God considers Christians to be sinless because they are united to Jesus Christ. Another related fact is that God is perfect and faultless. A third fact is that Christians are to conduct themselves in a blameless and faultless manner in life. In these cases, the ULB uses "holy," "holy God," "holy ones" or "holy people." (See: 1:7) * Sometimes the meaning in a passage indicates a simple reference to Christians without implying any particular role filled by them. In cases where some other English versions have "saints" or "holy ones," the ULB uses "believers." (See: 8:27; 12:13; 15:25, 26, 31; 16:2, 15) * Sometimes the meaning in a passage indicates the idea of someone or something set apart for God alone. In these cases, the ULB uses "set apart," "dedicated to," "consecrated," or "reserved for." (See: 15:16) @@ -81,5 +82,4 @@ The following verse is not in the best ancient copies of the Bible. Translators * "May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen" (16:24). - (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) - +(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants]]) diff --git a/rut/01/01.md b/rut/01/01.md index 01faa0f850..c699b6a345 100644 --- a/rut/01/01.md +++ b/rut/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to the land of Israel. Alternate translation: "in the land of Israel # a certain man "a man." This is a common way of introducing a character into a story. - diff --git a/rut/01/02.md b/rut/01/02.md index 5d9bf7fafa..32bfde05bd 100644 --- a/rut/01/02.md +++ b/rut/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Ephrathites of Bethlehem of Judah They were people from the tribe of Ephraim who settled at Bethlehem in the region of Judea. - diff --git a/rut/01/03.md b/rut/01/03.md index 61979bbbe0..aac05fca04 100644 --- a/rut/01/03.md +++ b/rut/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she was left alone with her two sons "Naomi had only her two sons with her" - diff --git a/rut/01/04.md b/rut/01/04.md index 935063d870..d86065c16d 100644 --- a/rut/01/04.md +++ b/rut/01/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Naomi's sons married women who were from the tribe of Moab. The Moabites worship # ten years Ten years after Elimelek and Naomi came to the country of Moab, their sons Mahlon and Kilion died. - diff --git a/rut/01/05.md b/rut/01/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rut/01/05.md +++ b/rut/01/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rut/01/06.md b/rut/01/06.md index 6f5942bf22..894d848f0d 100644 --- a/rut/01/06.md +++ b/rut/01/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ God saw their need and provided good harvests for them. # daughters-in-law the women who married Naomi's sons - diff --git a/rut/01/07.md b/rut/01/07.md index 16e91ea01a..627d69dd87 100644 --- a/rut/01/07.md +++ b/rut/01/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # they walked down the road "they walked along the road." To walk down a road is an expression for walking away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/08.md b/rut/01/08.md index f2b66e7f92..c35b01e61e 100644 --- a/rut/01/08.md +++ b/rut/01/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Naomi was talking to two people, so languages that have a dual form of "you" wou # toward the dead "to your husbands, who died." Naomi was referring to her two sons that died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/09.md b/rut/01/09.md index 5cb56722d5..8bfd99e15a 100644 --- a/rut/01/09.md +++ b/rut/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ with their new husbands, not someone else's husband. This refers to both a physi # they raised their voices and cried To raise the voice is an idiom for speaking loudly. The daughters cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/10.md b/rut/01/10.md index db33bdcedd..510d55fe93 100644 --- a/rut/01/10.md +++ b/rut/01/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ When Orpah and Ruth said "we," they were referring to themselves and not Naomi. # with you Here "you" is the singular form referring to Naomi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/11.md b/rut/01/11.md index 6fb251b9aa..d72203bbc8 100644 --- a/rut/01/11.md +++ b/rut/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is a rhetorical question. Alternate translation: "It does not make sense fo # Do I still have sons in my womb for you, so that they may become your husbands? Naomi uses this question to say she cannot have other sons for them to marry. Alternate translation: "Obviously it is not possible for me to have any more sons who could become your husbands." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/12.md b/rut/01/12.md index 2667f4fb63..44d2237d71 100644 --- a/rut/01/12.md +++ b/rut/01/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The reason a husband would be important can be stated clearly. Alternate transla # give birth to sons "bear children" or "deliver baby boys" - diff --git a/rut/01/13.md b/rut/01/13.md index 233c6368a7..f170efd1da 100644 --- a/rut/01/13.md +++ b/rut/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Bitterness is a metaphor for grief, and what grieves her can be stated clearly. # the hand of Yahweh has gone out against me The word "hand" refers to Yahweh's power or influence. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has caused terrible things to happen to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/14.md b/rut/01/14.md index e222595fd4..b6210fefaf 100644 --- a/rut/01/14.md +++ b/rut/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This means that they cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit # Ruth held on to her "Ruth clung to her." Alternate translation: "Ruth refused to leave her" or "Ruth would not leave her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/15.md b/rut/01/15.md index e971145e91..7c67ad9787 100644 --- a/rut/01/15.md +++ b/rut/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # her gods Before Orpah and Ruth married Naomi's sons, they worshiped the gods of Moab. During their marriage, they began to worship Naomi's God. - diff --git a/rut/01/16.md b/rut/01/16.md index 6eb7c733e2..60a247b51f 100644 --- a/rut/01/16.md +++ b/rut/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # your people will be my people Ruth is referring to Naomi's people, the Israelites. Alternate translation: "I will consider the people of your country as being my own people" or "I will consider your relatives as my own relatives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/17.md b/rut/01/17.md index 6e46ed4eca..6286624e35 100644 --- a/rut/01/17.md +++ b/rut/01/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to Ruth's desire to spend the rest of her life living in the same pl # May Yahweh punish me, and even more, if This refers to Ruth asking God to punish her if she does not do what she said like the english idiom "God forbid, if." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/18.md b/rut/01/18.md index 73541252f5..6774df311a 100644 --- a/rut/01/18.md +++ b/rut/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # she stopped arguing with her "Naomi stopped arguing with Ruth" - diff --git a/rut/01/19.md b/rut/01/19.md index dd0c4e41e9..9e549399eb 100644 --- a/rut/01/19.md +++ b/rut/01/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The "town" refer to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "everyone # Is this Naomi? Since it has been many years since Naomi lived in Bethlehem and no longer has her husband and two sons, it is likely the women were expressing doubt as to if this woman was actually Naomi. Treat this as a real question, not a rhetorical question. - diff --git a/rut/01/20.md b/rut/01/20.md index 13a1c05936..9f9d9e305a 100644 --- a/rut/01/20.md +++ b/rut/01/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The name "Naomi" means "my delight." Since Naomi lost her husband and sons, she # Bitter This is a translation of the meaning of the name. It is also often translated according to its sound as "Mara." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/21.md b/rut/01/21.md index bdae19eb28..4be2cd825c 100644 --- a/rut/01/21.md +++ b/rut/01/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Another possible meaning is "judged me guilty." # has afflicted me "has brought calamity on me" or "has brought tragedy to me" - diff --git a/rut/01/22.md b/rut/01/22.md index 7eaa3ff4e8..ae395f7676 100644 --- a/rut/01/22.md +++ b/rut/01/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This begins a summary statement. English marks this by the word "so." Determine # at the beginning of the barley harvest The phrase "the barley harvest" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "when the farmers were just beginning to harvest barley" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/rut/01/intro.md b/rut/01/intro.md index 7523366a9f..780a066100 100644 --- a/rut/01/intro.md +++ b/rut/01/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ # Ruth 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + +### "It happened in the days when the judges ruled" -#### "It happened in the days when the judges ruled" The events of this book occur during the period of Judges. The book is concurrent with the book of Judges. To understand the historical context of the book, the translator may wish to review the book of Judges. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Women without a husband or children -#### Women without a husband or children In the ancient Near East, if a woman lacked a husband or sons, she was considered to be in a dire circumstance. She would not have been able to provide for herself. This is why Naomi told her daughters to remarry. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Contrast -#### Contrast The actions of Ruth the Moabite are intended to contrast with the actions of Naomi the Jew. Ruth shows great faith in Naomi's god, while Naomi does not trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +24,3 @@ The actions of Ruth the Moabite are intended to contrast with the actions of Nao * __[Ruth intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rut/02/01.md b/rut/02/01.md index a66f133f1a..c68ec07b47 100644 --- a/rut/02/01.md +++ b/rut/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase introduces new information before the story continues. Your language # a man of great wealth "a prominent, wealthy man." This means that Boaz was prosperous and well known in his community, with a good reputation. - diff --git a/rut/02/02.md b/rut/02/02.md index 0d6dcfc6c9..f303708870 100644 --- a/rut/02/02.md +++ b/rut/02/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The phrase "found favor" is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. R # daughter Ruth was caring for Naomi as if she were her own mother. Make sure it is possible in your language to use this word for someone who is not an actual daughter. - diff --git a/rut/02/03.md b/rut/02/03.md index fb50e6d52a..812f31d843 100644 --- a/rut/02/03.md +++ b/rut/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She happened to come Ruth was not aware that the field she picked to glean in belonged to Naomi's relative Boaz. - diff --git a/rut/02/04.md b/rut/02/04.md index d799e696b1..b82c6d0540 100644 --- a/rut/02/04.md +++ b/rut/02/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The fields were an unspecified distance outside of Bethlehem. # bless you "give you good things" or "make you happy" - diff --git a/rut/02/05.md b/rut/02/05.md index 7abe3fdff4..9f56b0e302 100644 --- a/rut/02/05.md +++ b/rut/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Boaz was asking about Ruth's husband or 2) Boaz was ask # was supervising "was in charge of" or "was managing" - diff --git a/rut/02/06.md b/rut/02/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rut/02/06.md +++ b/rut/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rut/02/07.md b/rut/02/07.md index e8c10cb570..945f5a545d 100644 --- a/rut/02/07.md +++ b/rut/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ You may need to make explicit that Ruth would be gathering grain. Alternate tran # the house "the hut" or "the shelter." This was a temporary shelter or garden hut in the field that provided shade from the sun. - diff --git a/rut/02/08.md b/rut/02/08.md index 0ba4cb48bd..81b6df8b63 100644 --- a/rut/02/08.md +++ b/rut/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This rhetorical question can be reworded as a command. Alternate translation: "L # my daughter This was a kind way of addressing a younger woman. Ruth was not the actual daughter of Boaz, so make sure the translation of this does not make it sound like she was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rut/02/09.md b/rut/02/09.md index 2602949e04..5f95cd50f6 100644 --- a/rut/02/09.md +++ b/rut/02/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ To draw water means to pull up water from a well or to take it out of a storage # young men You may need to make explicit that these were Boaz's servants, as do many versions. Alternate translation: "servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rut/02/10.md b/rut/02/10.md index 63ccb8bb7a..48e97352ef 100644 --- a/rut/02/10.md +++ b/rut/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Ruth is asking a real question. # foreigner Ruth had pledged her loyalty to the God of Israel in private, but she was known publicly as "the Moabitess." - diff --git a/rut/02/11.md b/rut/02/11.md index f57c2848ec..589821e077 100644 --- a/rut/02/11.md +++ b/rut/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People have reported # to come to a people Boaz is referring to Ruth coming to dwell with Naomi in a village and community, a country, and religion she did not know. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/rut/02/12.md b/rut/02/12.md index ea0ac5ef20..5dcb9809f2 100644 --- a/rut/02/12.md +++ b/rut/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a poetic expression that is very similar to the previous sentence. Alter # under whose wings you have found refuge Boaz uses the picture of a mother bird gathering her chicks under her wings to protect them, in order to describe God's protection for those who trust in him. Alternate translation: "in whose safe care you have placed yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rut/02/13.md b/rut/02/13.md index aae21b5a10..012068a2d6 100644 --- a/rut/02/13.md +++ b/rut/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "find favor" is an idiom that means be approved of or that he is pleased wi # I am not one of your female servants Possible meanings are 1) Ruth was not one of Boaz's female servants or 2) Ruth did not think her marriage to Naomi's son granted her any privilege in Bethlehem. - diff --git a/rut/02/14.md b/rut/02/14.md index 3eb7fc29ba..ce27148c33 100644 --- a/rut/02/14.md +++ b/rut/02/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a simple meal eaten in the field. People would sit on the ground around # wine vinegar a sauce that bread was dipped in. The Israelites further fermented some of their wine to make vinegar. - diff --git a/rut/02/15.md b/rut/02/15.md index 3ddcbe8303..ffbdda7e3a 100644 --- a/rut/02/15.md +++ b/rut/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In the context of the commands, it is likely that Ruth was far enough away not t # even among the bundles Here "even" denotes "above and beyond what one normally does." Boaz instructs his workers to let Ruth glean around the bundles of grain. People who were gleaning were normally forbidden from working that close to the harvested grain. - diff --git a/rut/02/16.md b/rut/02/16.md index 47d524f3a9..d739dc859a 100644 --- a/rut/02/16.md +++ b/rut/02/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # do not rebuke her "do not cause her shame" or "do not dishonor her" - diff --git a/rut/02/17.md b/rut/02/17.md index 3ecdf578df..1a7669525b 100644 --- a/rut/02/17.md +++ b/rut/02/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the eatable part of the grain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-id # about an ephah of barley An ephah is a unit of measurement equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: "about 22 liters of barley" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume]]) - diff --git a/rut/02/18.md b/rut/02/18.md index a4a7bc116e..dbd74aef3b 100644 --- a/rut/02/18.md +++ b/rut/02/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that Ruth carried the grain home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs- # her mother-in-law saw "Naomi saw" - diff --git a/rut/02/19.md b/rut/02/19.md index d19dcc1dde..6219c73ebc 100644 --- a/rut/02/19.md +++ b/rut/02/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Where have you gleaned today? Where did you go to work? Naomi said almost the same thing in two different ways to show that she was very interested in knowing what had happened to Ruth that day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/rut/02/20.md b/rut/02/20.md index 9df27b718b..a04d276953 100644 --- a/rut/02/20.md +++ b/rut/02/20.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The second phrase repeats and expands the first. This is a Hebrew style of empha # kinsman-redeemers A kinsman-redeemer was a close male relative who could rescue a childless widow from financial ruin by marrying her and having a child with her. He would also reacquire the land his relatives had lost due to poverty and redeem family members who had sold themselves into slavery. - diff --git a/rut/02/21.md b/rut/02/21.md index cd53670115..86859612d9 100644 --- a/rut/02/21.md +++ b/rut/02/21.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # keep close to my young men Boaz was referring to the physical protection his men can provide her. - diff --git a/rut/02/22.md b/rut/02/22.md index 8dfb5cf7dc..d942ab56ab 100644 --- a/rut/02/22.md +++ b/rut/02/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # they do not harm you in another field You may need to make explicit that Naomi was afraid men would harm Ruth or to translate in passive form. Alternate translation: "the men in another field do not harm you" or "you are not harmed in some other field" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] or [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/rut/02/23.md b/rut/02/23.md index d95ab72b69..7b43f592d0 100644 --- a/rut/02/23.md +++ b/rut/02/23.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ruth worked in Boaz's fields with his workers during the day, so she would be sa # She lived with her mother-in-law Ruth went to Naomi's home to sleep at night. - diff --git a/rut/02/intro.md b/rut/02/intro.md index 216ef94893..1793a5893e 100644 --- a/rut/02/intro.md +++ b/rut/02/intro.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Ruth 02 General Notes -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "Do not go and glean in another field" -#### "Do not go and glean in another field" Boaz said this because he could not guarantee their safety in another person's field. It is assumed that not everyone was as gracious and obedient to the law of Moses as Boaz. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -10,4 +11,3 @@ Boaz said this because he could not guarantee their safety in another person's f * __[Ruth 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rut/03/01.md b/rut/03/01.md index 26084070b9..788d4bb07d 100644 --- a/rut/03/01.md +++ b/rut/03/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Naomi uses this question to tell Ruth what she planned to do. Alternate translat # a place for you to rest Possible meanings are 1) literally in finding a house for her to live in or 2) figuratively in finding a husband to care for her. Naomi probably had both senses in mind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/rut/03/02.md b/rut/03/02.md index 77a3734ec4..ac1dda135e 100644 --- a/rut/03/02.md +++ b/rut/03/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This term indicates that the following statement is very important. # winnowing To winnow means to separate grain from the unwanted chaff by tossing both the grain and chaff into the air, allowing the wind to blow the chaff away. - diff --git a/rut/03/03.md b/rut/03/03.md index cc255fc293..253bdca1b2 100644 --- a/rut/03/03.md +++ b/rut/03/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is probably a reference to rubbing sweet-smelling oil on oneself, much as w # go down to the threshing floor This refers to leaving the city and heading to the threshing area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rut/03/04.md b/rut/03/04.md index f451bffd57..a011a16fe3 100644 --- a/rut/03/04.md +++ b/rut/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The specific custom of that time is unclear, but this is usually understood as a # Then he will "When he wakes up, he will" - diff --git a/rut/03/05.md b/rut/03/05.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rut/03/05.md +++ b/rut/03/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rut/03/06.md b/rut/03/06.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rut/03/06.md +++ b/rut/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rut/03/07.md b/rut/03/07.md index 4739f31c80..909a3e8ce2 100644 --- a/rut/03/07.md +++ b/rut/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here Boaz is referred to by his heart. It does not imply Boaz was overly drunk. # lay down "lay down at his feet" - diff --git a/rut/03/08.md b/rut/03/08.md index 29154d476a..155138a615 100644 --- a/rut/03/08.md +++ b/rut/03/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ He looked to see what startled him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) # a woman was lying at his feet The woman was Ruth, but Boaz could not recognize her in the darkness. - diff --git a/rut/03/09.md b/rut/03/09.md index 7616a51098..2f6c85fa59 100644 --- a/rut/03/09.md +++ b/rut/03/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was a cultural idiom for marriage. Alternate translation: "Marry me" (See: # near kinsman a close relative with special responsibilities toward their extended family - diff --git a/rut/03/10.md b/rut/03/10.md index 0e730a951f..5815687674 100644 --- a/rut/03/10.md +++ b/rut/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Ruth asking Boaz to marry her. By marrying Naomi's relative, Ruth # because you have not gone after "you have not pursued marriage with." Ruth could have ignored Naomi's need and looked for a husband for herself outside of Naomi's relatives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rut/03/11.md b/rut/03/11.md index 67b437ab2e..6cd8d0dfd7 100644 --- a/rut/03/11.md +++ b/rut/03/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Boaz used this expression as a sign of respect toward Ruth as a younger woman. # all the city of my people knows Bethlehem is a town, or small city, that belonged to the tribe that Boaz belonged to. Here "city" represents the people who live in that city. Alternate translation: "all the people in the city know" or "everyone in town knows" - diff --git a/rut/03/12.md b/rut/03/12.md index 1c50d9d756..e91a2a3c83 100644 --- a/rut/03/12.md +++ b/rut/03/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # kinsman nearer than I It was the duty of the closest male relative to help the widow. - diff --git a/rut/03/13.md b/rut/03/13.md index bbcf626b39..2c7093ccb8 100644 --- a/rut/03/13.md +++ b/rut/03/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Boaz is referring to the expectation that the closest male relative of Ruth's de # by the life of Yahweh "as surely as Yahweh lives." This was a common Hebrew vow. - diff --git a/rut/03/14.md b/rut/03/14.md index 418b3e91e2..2e31f30db8 100644 --- a/rut/03/14.md +++ b/rut/03/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Ruth slept at Boaz' feet. They did not have sex. # before anyone could recognize another person This time of day can be spoken of in terms of darkness. Alternate translation: "while it was still dark" - diff --git a/rut/03/15.md b/rut/03/15.md index 43b67051eb..3c880b828b 100644 --- a/rut/03/15.md +++ b/rut/03/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The amount of grain was so great that Ruth needed help picking it up to carry it # Then he went into the city Most ancient copies have "he went," but some have "she went." There are English versions with both. The better choice is "he went." - diff --git a/rut/03/16.md b/rut/03/16.md index 3b5596168b..4470d01dc7 100644 --- a/rut/03/16.md +++ b/rut/03/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ What Ruth meant by this question can be made more clear. Alternate translation: # all that the man had done "all that Boaz had done" - diff --git a/rut/03/17.md b/rut/03/17.md index 910f9d0b02..c4e79f8dd9 100644 --- a/rut/03/17.md +++ b/rut/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do not go empty "Do not go empty-handed" or "Do not go with nothing" or "Be sure to take something" - diff --git a/rut/03/18.md b/rut/03/18.md index bf448d34a8..62e23ebcd8 100644 --- a/rut/03/18.md +++ b/rut/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # finished this thing This refers to the decision about who will buy Naomi's property and marry Ruth. - diff --git a/rut/03/intro.md b/rut/03/intro.md index 8f23dff356..c9dbc86b89 100644 --- a/rut/03/intro.md +++ b/rut/03/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Ruth 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Boaz's integrity -Boaz showed great integrity in this chapter by not having sexual relations with Ruth. He was also concerned with how people would see Ruth if they caught her in this position. Boaz's character is important for this story. +### Boaz's integrity -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +Boaz showed great integrity in this chapter by not having sexual relations with Ruth. He was also concerned with how people would see Ruth if they caught her in this position. Boaz's character is important for this story. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "So that things may go well for you" -#### "So that things may go well for you" Naomi attempted to make Ruth desirable to Boaz so that he would want to marry her. Even though she was a Gentile by birth, Boaz could marry her because she was, by marriage, Naomi's daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ Naomi attempted to make Ruth desirable to Boaz so that he would want to marry he * __[Ruth 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/rut/04/01.md b/rut/04/01.md index 46822b0645..78ac625d59 100644 --- a/rut/04/01.md +++ b/rut/04/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This was the closest living relative to Elimelek. # came over stopped going to where he had planned to go and went toward Boaz - diff --git a/rut/04/02.md b/rut/04/02.md index 1a4c9e5fe6..104fa86da8 100644 --- a/rut/04/02.md +++ b/rut/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # elders of the city "leaders of the city" - diff --git a/rut/04/03.md b/rut/04/03.md index 0d8fb7cf36..f974760921 100644 --- a/rut/04/03.md +++ b/rut/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Naomi ... is selling the parcel of land It was the responsibility of the kinsman to buy back his relative's land and to care for his family. In this case, it meant the man must buy Naomi's land, marry Ruth, and care for Naomi. - diff --git a/rut/04/04.md b/rut/04/04.md index 937b53706a..288f3a9cf0 100644 --- a/rut/04/04.md +++ b/rut/04/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This meant to buy the land to keep it within their family. # I am after you Boaz was the next kinsman in line to redeem the land. - diff --git a/rut/04/05.md b/rut/04/05.md index c3b4e31a53..d91a838ebe 100644 --- a/rut/04/05.md +++ b/rut/04/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here the word "hand" represents Naomi, who owns the field. Alternate translation # to raise up the name of the dead "that she may have a son to inherit the property and carry on the name of her dead husband" - diff --git a/rut/04/06.md b/rut/04/06.md index 06633c5772..3959c38c11 100644 --- a/rut/04/06.md +++ b/rut/04/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ He would have to give some of his own wealth to the children that Ruth might bea # You take my right of redemption for yourself "You redeem it yourself" or "You yourself redeem it instead of me" - diff --git a/rut/04/07.md b/rut/04/07.md index 935e0cf351..546b519ed0 100644 --- a/rut/04/07.md +++ b/rut/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The writer of the book explains of the custom of exchange during the time of Rut # his neighbor This refers to the person with whom he was making the agreement. In this situation the near kinsman gave Boaz his shoe. - diff --git a/rut/04/08.md b/rut/04/08.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rut/04/08.md +++ b/rut/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rut/04/09.md b/rut/04/09.md index fff409739d..f2dae80e21 100644 --- a/rut/04/09.md +++ b/rut/04/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to all the land and possessions of Naomi's dead husband and sons. # from the hand of Naomi The hand of Naomi represents Naomi. She was responsible for the money exchange. Alternate translation: "from Naomi" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/rut/04/10.md b/rut/04/10.md index 3a44f6dd40..a9fe698129 100644 --- a/rut/04/10.md +++ b/rut/04/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Being forgotten is spoken of as if one's name were being cut off from a list of # the gate of his place The gate of the town is where important legal decisions were made, such as decisions about who owns a piece of land. - diff --git a/rut/04/11.md b/rut/04/11.md index 5aced3fcfa..641b21336e 100644 --- a/rut/04/11.md +++ b/rut/04/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These were the two wives of Jacob, whose name was changed to Israel. # may you prosper in Ephrathah Ephrathah is the name of the clan to which Boaz belonged in Bethlehem. - diff --git a/rut/04/12.md b/rut/04/12.md index 172a6a72ad..ad03b873bc 100644 --- a/rut/04/12.md +++ b/rut/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Tamar was also a widow. Judah fathered a son with her, which continued the famil # through the offspring that Yahweh will give you Yahweh would give Boaz children through Ruth. - diff --git a/rut/04/13.md b/rut/04/13.md index 77fb2fc26e..f07a051262 100644 --- a/rut/04/13.md +++ b/rut/04/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # He went to her This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations. Alternate translation: "He had sexual relations with her" or "He lay with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/rut/04/14.md b/rut/04/14.md index b4bcdbb12c..0d45cc8854 100644 --- a/rut/04/14.md +++ b/rut/04/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This phrase can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "who has provide # May his name be famous This refers to the reputation and character of Naomi's grandson. - diff --git a/rut/04/15.md b/rut/04/15.md index 30f0a22442..f08156ccaf 100644 --- a/rut/04/15.md +++ b/rut/04/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase probably refers to how Naomi will again experience joy and hope in h # better to you than seven sons "Seven" was the Hebrew number of completeness. Naomi's sons both died before they produced any offspring, but Ruth bore a grandson to Naomi by Boaz. Alternate translation: "better to you than any son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/rut/04/16.md b/rut/04/16.md index 08f55872ef..9eba3b788b 100644 --- a/rut/04/16.md +++ b/rut/04/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to Naomi holding the child. Make sure it does not sound like she too # bosom chest, shoulders, and arms - diff --git a/rut/04/17.md b/rut/04/17.md index 093e5bc96c..b71c07aaa5 100644 --- a/rut/04/17.md +++ b/rut/04/17.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # father of David "father of King David." Though "king" is not stated, it was clear to the original audience that David was King David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/rut/04/18.md b/rut/04/18.md index 708dfc5f0b..73e17458df 100644 --- a/rut/04/18.md +++ b/rut/04/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the descendants of Perez "the successive descendants." Because it was mentioned earlier that Perez was the son of Judah, the writer continues listing the family line that came from Perez. - diff --git a/rut/04/19.md b/rut/04/19.md index ee7907d981..1645829f07 100644 --- a/rut/04/19.md +++ b/rut/04/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Hezron ... Ram (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/rut/04/20.md b/rut/04/20.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rut/04/20.md +++ b/rut/04/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rut/04/21.md b/rut/04/21.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rut/04/21.md +++ b/rut/04/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rut/04/22.md b/rut/04/22.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/rut/04/22.md +++ b/rut/04/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/rut/04/intro.md b/rut/04/intro.md index 24d8427b6b..bf96027e6c 100644 --- a/rut/04/intro.md +++ b/rut/04/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ # Ruth 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### King David -#### King David Despite being a Moabitess, Ruth became an ancestor of David. David was Israel's greatest king. It is shocking a Gentile would become a part of such an important lineage. She had great faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "You must also take Ruth the Moabitess" -Because Naomi had no son, her daughter-in-law Ruth needed to be provided for. Therefore, the relative who wanted to use her land had to also help Ruth to have a son who would come to provide for her. +### "You must also take Ruth the Moabitess" + +Because Naomi had no son, her daughter-in-law Ruth needed to be provided for. Therefore, the relative who wanted to use her land had to also help Ruth to have a son who would come to provide for her. + +### "This was the custom in former times" + +This is a comment made by the writer of the text. He functions as a narrator in this instance. It indicates that there was a considerable period of time between the events that occurred and the time they were written down. -#### "This was the custom in former times" -This is a comment made by the writer of the text. He functions as a narrator in this instance. It indicates that there was a considerable period of time between the events that occurred and the time they were written down. ## Links: * __[Ruth 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/rut/front/intro.md b/rut/front/intro.md index 91977d5e4e..db2450f3f7 100644 --- a/rut/front/intro.md +++ b/rut/front/intro.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ This book is about a non-Israelite woman named Ruth. It tells how she came to jo ### How should the title of this book be translated? -This book traditionally has the title "Ruth" because she is the main person in it. Translators can use a title such as "The Book about Ruth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +This book traditionally has the title "Ruth" because she is the main person in it. Translators can use a title such as "The Book about Ruth." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ### When did the events in the Book of Ruth occur? @@ -43,18 +43,17 @@ Poor people were allowed to follow after the men who harvested a field. These "g ### What is covenant faithfulness or covenant loyalty? A covenant is a formal, binding agreement between two parties that one or both parties must fulfill. Covenant faithfulness or covenant loyalty is when a person does what they said they would do, according to a covenant they had with someone else. God promised that he would love and be faithful to the Israelites. The Israelites were to do the same toward him and toward each other. - + The Book of Ruth shows that what kinsmen-redeemers do for their relatives are part of Israel's duties in God's covenant with them. The story of Boaz, Ruth and Naomi gives good examples to all of Israel of the good effects of covenant faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]]) ### What function did city gates have in the ancient Near East? -City gates in the time of Boaz were natural meeting places for the city elders. Elders were honored men who decided business matters and legal matters together. The city walls were large, perhaps two to three meters in width. Therefore the gateway opening provided a shady area for public meetings. For this reason, Boaz and the other elders sat in the gateway. +City gates in the time of Boaz were natural meeting places for the city elders. Elders were honored men who decided business matters and legal matters together. The city walls were large, perhaps two to three meters in width. Therefore the gateway opening provided a shady area for public meetings. For this reason, Boaz and the other elders sat in the gateway. Some English Bible versions speak of Boaz sitting "at" the city gate. It may be best for translators to make clear that Boaz sat "in" the city gateway. - + ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues ### How does the Book of Ruth change from one topic to another topic? The Book of Ruth often changes to new topics or new parts of the story. The ULB uses various words to indicate these changes, such as "so," "then," and "now." Translators should use the ways most natural in their own languages to signal these changes. - diff --git a/sng/01/01.md b/sng/01/01.md index 7d7be8aa4a..6b22c8232c 100644 --- a/sng/01/01.md +++ b/sng/01/01.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] -# General Information: +# General Information: Throughout the book, it is not always clear who is speaking or who they are speaking to. We have notes telling who some scholars think the speakers are. @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Throughout the book, it is not always clear who is speaking or who they are spea # which is Solomon's Possible meanings are "which is about Solomon" or "which Solomon composed." - diff --git a/sng/01/02.md b/sng/01/02.md index 6dd841a0c5..4c1a24b828 100644 --- a/sng/01/02.md +++ b/sng/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The woman thinks this or says this to herself. # your love is better than wine "The ways you show you love me are better than wine." The woman says this to the man. - diff --git a/sng/01/03.md b/sng/01/03.md index aba430432b..57b0925cc0 100644 --- a/sng/01/03.md +++ b/sng/01/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# General Information: +# General Information: The woman continues speaking to the man. @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The woman continues speaking to the man. # your name is like flowing perfume Perfume has a good smell that spreads as the air moves. The name is either a metonym for 1) the person's reputation, what other people think of him. Here the speaker says that people always think that the hearer is a good person, or 2) the person himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/sng/01/04.md b/sng/01/04.md index aad0599f45..c3c18916c7 100644 --- a/sng/01/04.md +++ b/sng/01/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The woman speaks of herself as if she were more than one person. Many versions c # It is right for the other women to love you "Women who love you are doing as they should do" - diff --git a/sng/01/05.md b/sng/01/05.md index 71b0ef1d63..8c161cd8bd 100644 --- a/sng/01/05.md +++ b/sng/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The nomadic tribes in Kedar used black goat skins to build their homes. The woma # lovely like the curtains of Solomon Solomon produced beautiful curtains either for his own palace or for the Temple. She says that her skin is beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/sng/01/06.md b/sng/01/06.md index 695ca075ed..f6d608c28b 100644 --- a/sng/01/06.md +++ b/sng/01/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This exaggeration for "burned" or "made black" refers to the sun changing her sk # but my own vineyard I have not kept The woman compares herself to a vineyard. Alternate translation: "but I have not been able to take care of myself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/01/07.md b/sng/01/07.md index 6eed97acde..b918477a94 100644 --- a/sng/01/07.md +++ b/sng/01/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The woman asks this question to emphasize that she has a closer relationship to # your companions "your friends" or "your co-workers" - diff --git a/sng/01/08.md b/sng/01/08.md index a8a8356b5f..9d0ad78d8d 100644 --- a/sng/01/08.md +++ b/sng/01/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ marks of the hooves of the flock on the ground # pasture your young goats "graze your young goats" or "let your young goats eat" - diff --git a/sng/01/09.md b/sng/01/09.md index ba6d4e15f2..06ede2e660 100644 --- a/sng/01/09.md +++ b/sng/01/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Jews of those days considered horses beautiful, and the Pharaoh's horses wou # Pharaoh's chariot horses "the horses that pull Pharaoh's chariots" - diff --git a/sng/01/10.md b/sng/01/10.md index a17dbf4962..ca4cad2626 100644 --- a/sng/01/10.md +++ b/sng/01/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Your cheeks are beautiful with ornaments These ornaments could be 1) jewels hanging from a band around the head or 2) earrings or 3) a metaphor for her long hair. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/01/11.md b/sng/01/11.md index 63ddf4b83c..c371258ac0 100644 --- a/sng/01/11.md +++ b/sng/01/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The man speaks as if he were many people. Some versions change this to singular # with silver studs "with spots of silver" - diff --git a/sng/01/12.md b/sng/01/12.md index a25ffe067a..449ee6ad80 100644 --- a/sng/01/12.md +++ b/sng/01/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ an oil that people got from the expensive nard or spikenard (valerian plant with # emitted its fragrance "gave off its good smell" - diff --git a/sng/01/13.md b/sng/01/13.md index 5a36939869..4cb459d33c 100644 --- a/sng/01/13.md +++ b/sng/01/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be # lying between my breasts If this phrase would offend your readers, you could use a euphemism. Alternate translation: "close to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) - diff --git a/sng/01/14.md b/sng/01/14.md index 239b324ec5..3c16b497ef 100644 --- a/sng/01/14.md +++ b/sng/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Henna flowers have a fragrance that people enjoy. The woman enjoys her beloved. # henna flowers flowers from a small desert tree that people used as a perfume - diff --git a/sng/01/15.md b/sng/01/15.md index 3204039c2e..a5f89357da 100644 --- a/sng/01/15.md +++ b/sng/01/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ In 1:15 the man speaks to the woman. # your eyes are doves Possible meaning are 1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the man considers the woman's eyes beautiful because the way the woman looks at him makes him think she is gentle. Alternate translation: "you are very gentle" or 2) the man is speaking of the woman's white eyeballs or the shape of her eyes as being like the shape of a dove. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/sng/01/16.md b/sng/01/16.md index f34697dcf6..8d42343ccb 100644 --- a/sng/01/16.md +++ b/sng/01/16.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Use the word in your language that describes a good-looking man. # my beloved -This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover" +This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover" # lush plants are our bed @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This speaks of the lush plants as if they were a bed. Alternate translation: "lu # The lush plants plants that are green, moist, and grow abundantly - diff --git a/sng/01/17.md b/sng/01/17.md index de0340f201..1e807ea06c 100644 --- a/sng/01/17.md +++ b/sng/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "beams" refers to large logs used to support everything # cedars ... firs Cedars were large and strong trees. The word translated "firs" is a general term for trees like cedars but smaller. If cedar and fir trees are unknown in your area, you could use general terms for the tallest and strongest trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/sng/01/intro.md b/sng/01/intro.md index 2cc57ed037..b142c53af4 100644 --- a/sng/01/intro.md +++ b/sng/01/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,25 @@ # Song of Songs 01 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Kisses -#### Kisses The kisses in this chapter are a type of kiss that was only done between a husband a wife. It is an intimate kiss. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Love and affection +### Love and affection + This chapter is centered on the feelings of love, affection, and attraction. Different cultural standards may make translation difficult and the translator may use euphemisms to avoid offending people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### "I am dark" -#### "I am dark" In the ancient Near East, rich people usually had lighter skin because they did not need to work outside in the sun. This young woman had to work out in the sun, and her skin became darker than it was when she was younger. ## Links: @@ -24,4 +28,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, rich people usually had lighter skin because they did * __[Song of Songs intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/sng/02/01.md b/sng/02/01.md index 35aabec9ad..ef6fcdeeab 100644 --- a/sng/02/01.md +++ b/sng/02/01.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] -# General Information: +# General Information: Throughout the book, it is not always clear who is speaking or who they are speaking to. We have notes telling who some scholars think the speakers are. In 2:1 the woman speaks to the man. @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ a sweet smelling flower that grows in places where there is much water. See how # valleys flat areas between mountains and near water - diff --git a/sng/02/02.md b/sng/02/02.md index 2994ee544d..b89d1b8741 100644 --- a/sng/02/02.md +++ b/sng/02/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A flower is much more beautiful than a thorn bush. The man thinks the woman is m # the young women "the other young women" - diff --git a/sng/02/03.md b/sng/02/03.md index 21304ae377..4d1d616816 100644 --- a/sng/02/03.md +++ b/sng/02/03.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ The Hebrew word here refers to land where trees grow for which people have no us # my beloved -This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover" +This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover" # I sit down under his shadow with great delight @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The woman finds great joy and comfort in being so near to the man. (See: [[rc:// # his fruit is sweet to my taste The woman enjoys eating sweet fruit, and she enjoys being near to the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/02/04.md b/sng/02/04.md index e7853accdd..b730123785 100644 --- a/sng/02/04.md +++ b/sng/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the very large room where the king would serve many peo # his banner over me was love Possible meanings are 1) the banner is a metonym for a military escort. And, the military escort is a metaphor that represents the man's love which gives courage to the woman who was nervous to enter the large room where the king served many people. Alternate translation: "but his loving protection guided me and gave me courage" or 2) the woman knew that the man wanted to make love to her from the way he looked at her. Alternate translation: "he looked at me lovingly" or "when he looked at me, I knew he wanted to make love to me" or 3) they made love. Alternate translation: "he lovingly covered me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/02/05.md b/sng/02/05.md index 92d6fc324e..51ae433476 100644 --- a/sng/02/05.md +++ b/sng/02/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ In 2:5 the woman speaks to the man. # for I am weak with love The woman speaks of feeling weak because her love is so strong as if love were a kind of sickness. Alternate translation: "because my love is so strong that I feel feeble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/02/06.md b/sng/02/06.md index aadf6f9ed4..b89ca85c62 100644 --- a/sng/02/06.md +++ b/sng/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ In 2:6 the woman speaks to herself. # embraces me "holds me" - diff --git a/sng/02/07.md b/sng/02/07.md index 339254ce14..31e4225462 100644 --- a/sng/02/07.md +++ b/sng/02/07.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here "love" is spoken of as if it were a person asleep that does not want to be # will not awaken or arouse If your language has only one word for waking people out of sleep, you could combine these words. Alternate translation: "will not awaken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/sng/02/08.md b/sng/02/08.md index 06aac0e114..a4ab795116 100644 --- a/sng/02/08.md +++ b/sng/02/08.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Listen carefully to what I am about to say." You could # my beloved -This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover" +This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover" # leaping ... jumping @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The woman shows that she is excited to see the man come by using as few words as # leaping over the mountains, jumping over the hills "leaping on the mountains, running quickly on the hills." The woman speaks of the man as if he were "a gazelle or a young stag" (verse 9) coming quickly toward her over rough ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/02/09.md b/sng/02/09.md index 8d6acaddc3..43b1082f1d 100644 --- a/sng/02/09.md +++ b/sng/02/09.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ The word "our" refers to the woman and the other people in the house with her. I # lattice a cover for a window or some other entrance that someone has made by weaving long strips of wood together. Lattices have holes that people can look through. - diff --git a/sng/02/10.md b/sng/02/10.md index 18fc487912..b47b3ea70e 100644 --- a/sng/02/10.md +++ b/sng/02/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be # my love "you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md) - diff --git a/sng/02/11.md b/sng/02/11.md index 0d05985141..f95881faf8 100644 --- a/sng/02/11.md +++ b/sng/02/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Winter is the cold time of year when plants do not grow and people prefer to sta # the rain is over and gone In Israel it only rains during the winter. The rain here is cold and unpleasant, not the refreshing rain of the hot season. - diff --git a/sng/02/12.md b/sng/02/12.md index 4f80073e4c..e443fc3967 100644 --- a/sng/02/12.md +++ b/sng/02/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ for cutting off branches from a plant so that it will produce more fruit or look # the sound of the doves is heard This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people can hear the sound of doves" or "the doves are cooing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/sng/02/13.md b/sng/02/13.md index d28f56eb47..b258e0d29b 100644 --- a/sng/02/13.md +++ b/sng/02/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the blossoms on the vines. # my love "you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md) - diff --git a/sng/02/14.md b/sng/02/14.md index 14314f340f..6b87b794d6 100644 --- a/sng/02/14.md +++ b/sng/02/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ large cracks in the side of mountain rocks large enough for people to hide in # your face Some versions translate this as "your appearance" or "your form" or "what you look like." - diff --git a/sng/02/15.md b/sng/02/15.md index 1c94a3c3e4..ddd1408e96 100644 --- a/sng/02/15.md +++ b/sng/02/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Foxes spoil or destroy vineyards by digging holes and eating vines and grapes. T # in blossom This implies that the vineyard is healthy and the grapes have appeared, but they are not ready for harvest. This could be a metaphor for a young lady ready for marriage and bearing children. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/02/16.md b/sng/02/16.md index db8d3039ed..f3ace89f22 100644 --- a/sng/02/16.md +++ b/sng/02/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The woman speaks about the man. # lilies sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of "lily" in [Song of Songs 2:1](./01.md). - diff --git a/sng/02/17.md b/sng/02/17.md index 7ed2807be5..e32b075081 100644 --- a/sng/02/17.md +++ b/sng/02/17.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ an adult male deer # rugged mountains "rocky mountains" or "rough mountains" - diff --git a/sng/02/intro.md b/sng/02/intro.md index e5858f0abb..181df1347c 100644 --- a/sng/02/intro.md +++ b/sng/02/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Song of Songs 02 General Notes -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor Women are compared to flowers in this chapter. This metaphor may describe a woman's beauty and delicacy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Euphemisms +### Euphemisms + It is possible that some of the metaphors used in this chapter are actually euphemisms. These euphemisms would refer to sex or the physical love between a husband a wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ It is possible that some of the metaphors used in this chapter are actually euph * __[Song of Songs 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/sng/03/01.md b/sng/03/01.md index ed4f023143..b49e1662c5 100644 --- a/sng/03/01.md +++ b/sng/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Throughout the book, it is not always clear who is speaking or who they are spea # him whom my soul loves The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman's love for the man than "my beloved" ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/sng/03/02.md b/sng/03/02.md index 5caf25588b..ae9f0ca3c1 100644 --- a/sng/03/02.md +++ b/sng/03/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "squares" indicates the center area of a town where streets or roads co # will search "will to look for" - diff --git a/sng/03/03.md b/sng/03/03.md index fd04a3585b..124546ce96 100644 --- a/sng/03/03.md +++ b/sng/03/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ men who have the job of keeping guard of the town at night to keep the people sa # him whom my soul loves The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman's love for the man than "my beloved" ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:1](./01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/sng/03/04.md b/sng/03/04.md index fb8e8a748d..99f9a472e0 100644 --- a/sng/03/04.md +++ b/sng/03/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the one who had conceived me This is a metonym for her mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/sng/03/05.md b/sng/03/05.md index c7434c4f4a..7246ab853a 100644 --- a/sng/03/05.md +++ b/sng/03/05.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ Here "love" is spoken of as if it were a person asleep that does not want to be # will not awaken or arouse If your language has only one word for waking people out of sleep, you could combine these words. Alternate translation: "will not awaken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/sng/03/06.md b/sng/03/06.md index 2fe4daac4b..604974d5b1 100644 --- a/sng/03/06.md +++ b/sng/03/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The words "perfumed with" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be r # powders a fine dust made by crushing something solid - diff --git a/sng/03/07.md b/sng/03/07.md index f9ce1095de..9ea9d349be 100644 --- a/sng/03/07.md +++ b/sng/03/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases refer to the same sixty people. The second phrase clarifies th # warriors men who fight - diff --git a/sng/03/08.md b/sng/03/08.md index 6d4e39dea3..d1c0a453e9 100644 --- a/sng/03/08.md +++ b/sng/03/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A description of the bed itself begins in verse 9. You could use words in your l # terrors of the night The abstract noun "terrors" is a metonym for evil people who frighten others by attacking them. Alternate translation: "evil people who attack others at night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/sng/03/09.md b/sng/03/09.md index 44ac93fbbe..7b0d47c9b4 100644 --- a/sng/03/09.md +++ b/sng/03/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # sedan chair This is a chair or couch for important people to sit or lie on. It rests on long poles that people can use to carry it. This is probably the same as the "bed" in verse 7. - diff --git a/sng/03/10.md b/sng/03/10.md index e701055d5f..06cdb26535 100644 --- a/sng/03/10.md +++ b/sng/03/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The word "posts" here refers to pieces either made of silver or made of wood cov # with love Possible meanings are 1) "with love," indicating that the women made the sedan beautiful in a special way to show their love for Solomon, or 2) "with leather." - diff --git a/sng/03/11.md b/sng/03/11.md index 9495cc4682..009026b3ef 100644 --- a/sng/03/11.md +++ b/sng/03/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The woman speaks to the women of Jerusalem # the day of the joy of his heart The word "heart" is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "the day on which he truly rejoiced" or "the happiest day of his life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/sng/03/intro.md b/sng/03/intro.md index d317992191..658c9362c1 100644 --- a/sng/03/intro.md +++ b/sng/03/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Song of Songs 03 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Longing -#### Longing This chapter describes a feeling of longing, or the waiting in anticipation of the one you love. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors invo * __[Song of Songs 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/sng/04/01.md b/sng/04/01.md index ca8dd6123f..d6aca5d033 100644 --- a/sng/04/01.md +++ b/sng/04/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ One possibility is that the man is speaking of the woman's white eyeballs or the # Your hair is like a flock of goats going down from Mount Gilead Goats in Israel were usually dark in color. The woman's hair was probably dark. You may need to specify that the goats were dark or even use another simile that the reader will understand that refers to something dark and beautiful. People thought of Mount Gilead as beautiful and fertile. The speaker considered the woman beautiful and ready to become the mother of his children. If you remove the simile of the goats, you may have to remove the simile of the mountain as well. Alternate translation: "Your hair is as dark as storm clouds above a fertile land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/sng/04/02.md b/sng/04/02.md index 0bd3d45531..332cc56153 100644 --- a/sng/04/02.md +++ b/sng/04/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Each of the woman's teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. S # bereaved lost a loved one who has died - diff --git a/sng/04/03.md b/sng/04/03.md index 6ca6c65e1b..63c53fb93e 100644 --- a/sng/04/03.md +++ b/sng/04/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Pomegranates are smooth, round, and rich red. The man thinks the woman's cheeks # behind your veil See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:1](./01.md). - diff --git a/sng/04/04.md b/sng/04/04.md index 4373706e00..8fe7d164b0 100644 --- a/sng/04/04.md +++ b/sng/04/04.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The man compares the decorations of the woman's necklace with shields hanging on # all the shields of soldiers "all of the shields belong to mighty warriors" - diff --git a/sng/04/05.md b/sng/04/05.md index e5154f8558..392aa14107 100644 --- a/sng/04/05.md +++ b/sng/04/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of # lilies sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of "lily" in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md). - diff --git a/sng/04/06.md b/sng/04/06.md index b8e100b8c2..37239a2c1f 100644 --- a/sng/04/06.md +++ b/sng/04/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The "mountain of myrrh" and "hill of frankincense" are metaphors for the woman's # the hill of frankincense "the hill where there are clouds of smoke from burning frankincense in the air" - diff --git a/sng/04/07.md b/sng/04/07.md index 6d827d9dac..aa96f03335 100644 --- a/sng/04/07.md +++ b/sng/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # there is no blemish in you "you have no blemish" - diff --git a/sng/04/08.md b/sng/04/08.md index 6e177cc60b..8f8c4eefce 100644 --- a/sng/04/08.md +++ b/sng/04/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ the name of a mountain near Amana and Hermon. Some people think that this refers # dens places where lions and leopards live, like caves or holes in the ground - diff --git a/sng/04/09.md b/sng/04/09.md index 210b4ba912..65889ba008 100644 --- a/sng/04/09.md +++ b/sng/04/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has ar # necklace This necklace probably went around her neck many times ([Song of Songs 4:4](./04.md)). - diff --git a/sng/04/10.md b/sng/04/10.md index ed700b2888..b63d74d531 100644 --- a/sng/04/10.md +++ b/sng/04/10.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ See how you translated these words in [Song of Songs 1:3](../01/01.md). # spice dried plants or seeds that have a good smell or taste - diff --git a/sng/04/11.md b/sng/04/11.md index b37bdedaba..88b6368de0 100644 --- a/sng/04/11.md +++ b/sng/04/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Because "milk and honey" is a common phrase in the Bible, you should translate l # the fragrance of your garments is like the fragrance of Lebanon "the smell of your clothes is like the smell of Lebanon." Many cedar trees grew in Lebanon. Cedar trees smell very good, so Lebanon would have smelled sweet and fresh. - diff --git a/sng/04/12.md b/sng/04/12.md index 653cdfa3b1..ebe59e0204 100644 --- a/sng/04/12.md +++ b/sng/04/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has ar # a spring that is sealed "a spring with a cover on it." The spring or well is a metaphor for the woman, and the cover is a metaphor for her being a virgin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/04/13.md b/sng/04/13.md index 6628696bcf..78ac7072d7 100644 --- a/sng/04/13.md +++ b/sng/04/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ plants that give oil that people used to make their skin soft and to have a plea # henna small desert trees that people used as a perfume. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md). - diff --git a/sng/04/14.md b/sng/04/14.md index d6a78264e3..f87c803f5f 100644 --- a/sng/04/14.md +++ b/sng/04/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ a type of large plant that had a very sweet smell # all the finest spices "all the best spices" - diff --git a/sng/04/15.md b/sng/04/15.md index 934079dfc3..c644521a2b 100644 --- a/sng/04/15.md +++ b/sng/04/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ water that is good to drink # streams flowing down from Lebanon Because Lebanon had mountains covered with trees, the streams from Lebanon were clean and cool. - diff --git a/sng/04/16.md b/sng/04/16.md index 5be7cca1a7..e8b61c5e80 100644 --- a/sng/04/16.md +++ b/sng/04/16.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be # fine fruit "wonderful fruit" - diff --git a/sng/04/intro.md b/sng/04/intro.md index 8d1f502e53..4de6f63ac9 100644 --- a/sng/04/intro.md +++ b/sng/04/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ # Song of Songs 04 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Beauty -The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same the same standards of beauty. +### Beauty -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same the same standards of beauty. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### "My sister, my bride" -The woman described is not the sister of her husband. They are not related. Instead, this is a reference to a woman who is a fellow Israelite. +### "My sister, my bride" + +The woman described is not the sister of her husband. They are not related. Instead, this is a reference to a woman who is a fellow Israelite. ## Links: * __[Song of Songs 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/sng/05/01.md b/sng/05/01.md index 11482cd7c6..37ed70fd88 100644 --- a/sng/05/01.md +++ b/sng/05/01.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ plants that have a strong smell or taste # Eat ... drink ... be drunk with love The friends say this to the man and woman. Eating and drinking are metaphors for making love. Alternate translation: "Make love ... make love ... make love until you are fully satisfied" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/02.md b/sng/05/02.md index 58572fba92..5f1825ece8 100644 --- a/sng/05/02.md +++ b/sng/05/02.md @@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ drops of water or mist that form as the night becomes cool # my hair with the night's dampness The words "is wet" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "my hair is wet with the night's dampness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/03.md b/sng/05/03.md index 3afc6d4c10..0e4e78a966 100644 --- a/sng/05/03.md +++ b/sng/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I do not want to # must I get them dirty? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I do not want to get them dirty." - diff --git a/sng/05/04.md b/sng/05/04.md index c8a934529c..2095bbb4c3 100644 --- a/sng/05/04.md +++ b/sng/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be # door latch "door lock" - diff --git a/sng/05/05.md b/sng/05/05.md index c7ca4a9487..3f85bcffd9 100644 --- a/sng/05/05.md +++ b/sng/05/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ While these may be euphemisms for the woman's and man's bodies, it is best to tr # with moist myrrh "with liquid myrrh" - diff --git a/sng/05/06.md b/sng/05/06.md index e330d0fb16..8a058d4427 100644 --- a/sng/05/06.md +++ b/sng/05/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md). # My heart sank The heart is a metaphor for the person, and sinking, going down, is a metaphor for becoming weak or sad. Alternate translation: "I was very sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/07.md b/sng/05/07.md index 3f523563bd..1db0958e2a 100644 --- a/sng/05/07.md +++ b/sng/05/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ found the woman # cloak a garment that people wore over the other clothing on their upper body when they went outdoors in public - diff --git a/sng/05/08.md b/sng/05/08.md index 522558fffb..afb55a4ed1 100644 --- a/sng/05/08.md +++ b/sng/05/08.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The woman uses a question to introduce what she wants the daughters of Jerusalem # weak with love She loves the man so strongly that she feels weak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/09.md b/sng/05/09.md index 16d096eccc..08fbab097d 100644 --- a/sng/05/09.md +++ b/sng/05/09.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ In 5:9 the women of the city speak to the woman. # your beloved -This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for the other women to refer to him as "your lover." See how you translated "my beloved" in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "your dear one" or "your lover" +This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for the other women to refer to him as "your lover." See how you translated "my beloved" in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "your dear one" or "your lover" # most beautiful among women @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be # an oath like this the oath in [Song of Songs 5:8](./08.md) - diff --git a/sng/05/10.md b/sng/05/10.md index 2fde737ade..f242fcd4b5 100644 --- a/sng/05/10.md +++ b/sng/05/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ a healthy color of the skin that is brownish red # outstanding among ten thousand "the best of 10,000." Alternate translation: "better than anyone else" or "no one else is like him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/11.md b/sng/05/11.md index a2476280ef..abefd8e0a0 100644 --- a/sng/05/11.md +++ b/sng/05/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The man's head is as precious to the woman as the purest gold. (See: [[rc://en/t # a raven a bird with very black feathers (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/12.md b/sng/05/12.md index ffc841dc85..497d937031 100644 --- a/sng/05/12.md +++ b/sng/05/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Milk is a metaphor for the whiteness of the doves. Alternate translation: "doves # mounted like jewels His eyes are beautiful. Jewels that a craftsman has carefully put in place are beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/13.md b/sng/05/13.md index 66cfeec986..854512ccdd 100644 --- a/sng/05/13.md +++ b/sng/05/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md). # dripping with myrrh "that drip with the best myrrh." His lips are moist and have a wonderful smell like myrrh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/14.md b/sng/05/14.md index 490c0a34e5..8760814fc0 100644 --- a/sng/05/14.md +++ b/sng/05/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the white tusk or tooth of an animal that is similar to bone. People use ivory t # sapphires valuable stones that are either 1) blue or 2) clear and either blue or golden - diff --git a/sng/05/15.md b/sng/05/15.md index bfb891e65d..1c1aba0f10 100644 --- a/sng/05/15.md +++ b/sng/05/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a very strong stone that has many different colors and that people polish to mak # his appearance is like Lebanon "he looks like Lebanon." Lebanon was a very beautiful area with many mountains and cedar trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/16.md b/sng/05/16.md index af94cdfbc7..a16a439e3f 100644 --- a/sng/05/16.md +++ b/sng/05/16.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be # daughters of Jerusalem "young women of Jerusalem." These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/sng/05/intro.md b/sng/05/intro.md index d0eb76da87..ff828c81b0 100644 --- a/sng/05/intro.md +++ b/sng/05/intro.md @@ -1,27 +1,29 @@ # Song of Songs 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -Verses 2-7 describe a dream the woman had. +Verses 2-7 describe a dream the woman had. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Beauty -The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same standards of beauty. +### Beauty -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same standards of beauty. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### "My sister, my bride" -The woman described is not the sister of her husband. They are not related. Instead, this is a reference to a woman who is a fellow Israelite. +### "My sister, my bride" + +The woman described is not the sister of her husband. They are not related. Instead, this is a reference to a woman who is a fellow Israelite. ## Links: * __[Song of Songs 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/sng/06/01.md b/sng/06/01.md index 1eda381c88..bc231dbc8c 100644 --- a/sng/06/01.md +++ b/sng/06/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be # gone, so that we may seek him with you? The words "tell us" are understood from the context. They can be stated clearly Alternate translation: "gone? Tell us, so that we can look for him with you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/sng/06/02.md b/sng/06/02.md index c39888b6c7..571f7e2fcc 100644 --- a/sng/06/02.md +++ b/sng/06/02.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ These words are metaphors for the man enjoying her body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ # lilies sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of "lily" in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md). - diff --git a/sng/06/03.md b/sng/06/03.md index 66a275e954..6c515f0c1f 100644 --- a/sng/06/03.md +++ b/sng/06/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See how you translated the similar phrase "My beloved is mine, and I am his" in # he grazes among the lilies with pleasure See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md). - diff --git a/sng/06/04.md b/sng/06/04.md index 900efd8fea..b0cebe2551 100644 --- a/sng/06/04.md +++ b/sng/06/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:5](../01/05.md). # as awe-inspiring as an army with its banners The beauty of the woman is so powerful that it makes the man feel helpless, as if an army were approaching him. - diff --git a/sng/06/05.md b/sng/06/05.md index ec1bf7dd14..5bd1e1eb80 100644 --- a/sng/06/05.md +++ b/sng/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The man continues to praise the woman. # Your hair ... from the slopes of Gilead Translate "Your hair ... from Mount Gilead" as in [Song of Songs 4:1](../04/01.md). - diff --git a/sng/06/06.md b/sng/06/06.md index 8d0747b137..5fe1b4d9e7 100644 --- a/sng/06/06.md +++ b/sng/06/06.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Each of the woman's teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. S # bereaved lost a loved one who has died. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:2](../04/02.md). - diff --git a/sng/06/07.md b/sng/06/07.md index 90193bfe85..dcf1abee25 100644 --- a/sng/06/07.md +++ b/sng/06/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Pomegranates are smooth, round, and rich red. The man thinks the woman's cheeks # behind your veil See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:1](../04/01.md). - diff --git a/sng/06/08.md b/sng/06/08.md index 90b0d24ef3..c93deea4bd 100644 --- a/sng/06/08.md +++ b/sng/06/08.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ -# General Information: +# General Information: In 6:8-9 the man speaks to himself. # There are sixty queens, eighty concubines ... young women without number These numbers are to be large, then larger, and then beyond counting. Alternate translation: "There are 60 queens, 80 concubines ... more young women than anyone could count" or "There are many queens, even more concubines, and more young women than anyone could count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/sng/06/09.md b/sng/06/09.md index e82ef12987..042b2636a0 100644 --- a/sng/06/09.md +++ b/sng/06/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ the women spoken of in [Song of Songs 6:8](./08.md). # called her blessed "said that things had gone especially well for her" - diff --git a/sng/06/10.md b/sng/06/10.md index ef9f69058c..b8fadf5f1a 100644 --- a/sng/06/10.md +++ b/sng/06/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The dawn is beautiful. The woman is beautiful. Alternate translation: "who comes # as awe-inspiring as an army with its banners The beauty of the woman is so powerful that it makes the other women feel helpless, as if an army were approaching them. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 6:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/sng/06/11.md b/sng/06/11.md index 7caa32f0b8..5ec73958c9 100644 --- a/sng/06/11.md +++ b/sng/06/11.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:13](../04/12.md). # were in bloom "were opening their flowers" - diff --git a/sng/06/12.md b/sng/06/12.md index 1506886f91..1e4a5ad692 100644 --- a/sng/06/12.md +++ b/sng/06/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Or "made me like" # on the chariots of my noble people Or "on the chariots of Ammi-nadib" - diff --git a/sng/06/13.md b/sng/06/13.md index 47e610a8e7..07c096017c 100644 --- a/sng/06/13.md +++ b/sng/06/13.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ The word "Shulammite" refers to the woman. Possible interpretations are 1) the w # as if on the dance of Mahanaim Possible meanings are 1) "the dance of Mahanaim" is a kind of dance from Mahanaim, or 2) Mahanaim means "two armies." Alternate translation: "as if on a dance of two armies" or "as if she were dancing before two armies" - diff --git a/sng/06/intro.md b/sng/06/intro.md index 813214987c..900404928e 100644 --- a/sng/06/intro.md +++ b/sng/06/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Song of Songs 06 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Beauty -The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same standards of beauty. +### Beauty -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same standards of beauty. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Metaphors -#### Metaphors In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors invo * __[Song of Songs 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/sng/07/01.md b/sng/07/01.md index 99c760508b..49c06ed1e6 100644 --- a/sng/07/01.md +++ b/sng/07/01.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The word "thighs" refers to the hips of a woman and the part of her legs that is # the work of the hands of a master craftsman The hands are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "the work of a master craftsman" or "something that a master craftsman has made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/sng/07/02.md b/sng/07/02.md index 2827957283..641b74e396 100644 --- a/sng/07/02.md +++ b/sng/07/02.md @@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ This is a pile of the grains of wheat after people remove the parts of it that t # lilies sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of "lily" in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md). - diff --git a/sng/07/03.md b/sng/07/03.md index 39d45aa07a..df440f4edc 100644 --- a/sng/07/03.md +++ b/sng/07/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ the babies of a mother who gave birth to two babies at one time. See how you tra # gazelle an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of "gazelles" as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). - diff --git a/sng/07/04.md b/sng/07/04.md index fc39281c6e..1cee0c52e5 100644 --- a/sng/07/04.md +++ b/sng/07/04.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ A tower is tall and straight, and her nose is tall and straight. (See: [[rc://en # that looks toward Damascus The tower looking is a metonym for people on the tower looking. Alternate translation: "that allows people to look toward Damascus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/sng/07/05.md b/sng/07/05.md index a63a3c17b2..1897236e8b 100644 --- a/sng/07/05.md +++ b/sng/07/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Your hair that ha # tresses the clusters of hair that hang down from a woman's head - diff --git a/sng/07/06.md b/sng/07/06.md index b13d3c379e..5ecd409cfc 100644 --- a/sng/07/06.md +++ b/sng/07/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # my love, with delights "my love. You delight me" - diff --git a/sng/07/07.md b/sng/07/07.md index 41e140c0a6..a890db143e 100644 --- a/sng/07/07.md +++ b/sng/07/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ a tall, straight tree that produces a sweet, brown, and sticky fruit that grows # your breasts like clusters of fruit The dates on a palm tree grow soft and round in large bunches that hang from the tree just below the branches, which are all at the top. The woman's breasts are soft and round and are just lower than her arms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/sng/07/08.md b/sng/07/08.md index 0ecdce8fa4..693f201ea2 100644 --- a/sng/07/08.md +++ b/sng/07/08.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "nose" is a metonym for the breath coming out of the nose. Alternate tr # apricots sweet yellow fruit - diff --git a/sng/07/09.md b/sng/07/09.md index 71bcaa2ac8..5e469d99ac 100644 --- a/sng/07/09.md +++ b/sng/07/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The mouth is a metonym for the lips. Wine tastes good. The man wants to kiss the # gliding over the lips of those who sleep "that flows over our lips as we sleep" - diff --git a/sng/07/10.md b/sng/07/10.md index af98d28c59..cff3cd3a24 100644 --- a/sng/07/10.md +++ b/sng/07/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be # he desires me "he wants to make love to me" or "he wants me" - diff --git a/sng/07/11.md b/sng/07/11.md index 5e781b021f..225767e4b1 100644 --- a/sng/07/11.md +++ b/sng/07/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # spend the night in the villages Though the words here translated "spends the night" and "villages" appear together in [Song of Songs 1:13-14](../01/12.md) as "spends the night" and "henna flowers," and the context both here and there is lovemaking, the ULB chooses this reading because the immediate metaphor is of the man and woman sleeping in the village, rising in the morning, and going out into the vineyards. The word for "henna plants" and the word for "villages" sound exactly the same. - diff --git a/sng/07/12.md b/sng/07/12.md index 8fd99a38e2..d24fee3dba 100644 --- a/sng/07/12.md +++ b/sng/07/12.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ flowers when they are open # I will give you my love "I will make love with you" - diff --git a/sng/07/13.md b/sng/07/13.md index 9fc9328d4e..5c1f81ac2e 100644 --- a/sng/07/13.md +++ b/sng/07/13.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The doors belong to their house. Alternate translation: "above the entrances of # my beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover" - diff --git a/sng/07/intro.md b/sng/07/intro.md index 51d3e39f36..09f61f520e 100644 --- a/sng/07/intro.md +++ b/sng/07/intro.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ # Song of Songs 07 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Beauty -The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same the same standards of beauty. +### Beauty -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same the same standards of beauty. + +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Similes -#### Similes There are many similes in this chapter. Their purpose is to describe the beauty of the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +17,3 @@ There are many similes in this chapter. Their purpose is to describe the beauty * __[Song of Songs 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/sng/08/01.md b/sng/08/01.md index d773f6ab94..a8754d3fb7 100644 --- a/sng/08/01.md +++ b/sng/08/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ A woman would probably kiss her brother on his cheek order to greet him. # would despise me "would think that I am a bad person" - diff --git a/sng/08/02.md b/sng/08/02.md index 0793d6a7fc..79204cfb4c 100644 --- a/sng/08/02.md +++ b/sng/08/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The woman uses these images to say that she will give herself to the man and mak # spiced wine "wine with spices" or "wine that has spices in it." This represents the intoxicating power of lovemaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/08/03.md b/sng/08/03.md index c2c79982e0..14156948f6 100644 --- a/sng/08/03.md +++ b/sng/08/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:6](../02/05.md). # embraces me "holds me" - diff --git a/sng/08/04.md b/sng/08/04.md index fac05d0430..c64bd3be28 100644 --- a/sng/08/04.md +++ b/sng/08/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md) # will not awaken or arouse love until she pleases Here "love" is spoken of as if it were a person asleep that does not want to be awakened. This is a metaphor that represents the man and woman who do not want to be disturbed until they are finished making love. See how you translated these words in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). Alternate translation: "will not disturb us until we have finished making love" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/08/05.md b/sng/08/05.md index 1b8c8ea25e..33e9378522 100644 --- a/sng/08/05.md +++ b/sng/08/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ under the apricot tree # she delivered you "she bore you" - diff --git a/sng/08/06.md b/sng/08/06.md index b9c5e7da16..5f28efe236 100644 --- a/sng/08/06.md +++ b/sng/08/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Love is very powerful like fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) # burst out "burn suddenly" - diff --git a/sng/08/07.md b/sng/08/07.md index ae9f6b1d52..915bf30a4d 100644 --- a/sng/08/07.md +++ b/sng/08/07.md @@ -45,4 +45,3 @@ offered to give # the offer would be utterly despised This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people would completely despise it" or "people would harshly ridicule him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/sng/08/08.md b/sng/08/08.md index 66db2c0354..323fa29ea8 100644 --- a/sng/08/08.md +++ b/sng/08/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The speaker uses this question to introduce what he wants to say. Alternate tran # she will be promised in marriage This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "a man comes and wants to marry her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/sng/08/09.md b/sng/08/09.md index b44371ad74..3d66c460a1 100644 --- a/sng/08/09.md +++ b/sng/08/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The brothers decide to decorate the little sister with silver and cedar, symbols # will adorn her "will decorate her" - diff --git a/sng/08/10.md b/sng/08/10.md index 2e6d544a05..72b125b78c 100644 --- a/sng/08/10.md +++ b/sng/08/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ You may need to make explicit to whom the woman brings peace. Alternate translat # peace "well-being" - diff --git a/sng/08/11.md b/sng/08/11.md index f106bd7d8b..9662140a96 100644 --- a/sng/08/11.md +++ b/sng/08/11.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ It may be helpful to state that this payment was for the fruit of the vineyard. # Solomon Some versions understand the woman to be speaking directly to Solomon. Others understand her to be speaking in an apostrophe to her friends, to the man, or to herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]]) - diff --git a/sng/08/12.md b/sng/08/12.md index edac497295..ec4b51c547 100644 --- a/sng/08/12.md +++ b/sng/08/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The woman knows that Solomon has leased out the vineyard so he can get money, bu # the two hundred shekels The speaker has not mentioned these before, but the hearer would understand that she is speaking of the money that those who worked the vineyard would have left for their own after they paid Solomon. - diff --git a/sng/08/13.md b/sng/08/13.md index 96e69c1088..d72161931c 100644 --- a/sng/08/13.md +++ b/sng/08/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The voice is a metonym for what the person says. If your language has a word for # let me hear it "let me hear your voice." - diff --git a/sng/08/14.md b/sng/08/14.md index 16f9e04e9b..f0632ee982 100644 --- a/sng/08/14.md +++ b/sng/08/14.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ an adult male deer # the mountains of spices "the mountains that have spices all over them." The woman uses this metaphor to invite the man to make love to her. See how the man uses the metaphor of a mountain of myrrh and a hill of frankincense in [Song of Songs 4:6](../04/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/sng/08/intro.md b/sng/08/intro.md index 0f295b6db4..a6c99f09a1 100644 --- a/sng/08/intro.md +++ b/sng/08/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Song of Songs 08 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Kisses -#### Kisses The kisses in this chapter are a type of kiss that was only done between a husband a wife. It is an intimate kiss. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) -#### Passion -The chapter describes the passion that can exist between a husband a wife. This is the feeling of strong or uncontrollable desire for another person. +### Passion + +The chapter describes the passion that can exist between a husband a wife. This is the feeling of strong or uncontrollable desire for another person. ## Links: * __[Song of Songs 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/sng/front/intro.md b/sng/front/intro.md index d5e819d236..15e8e5621a 100644 --- a/sng/front/intro.md +++ b/sng/front/intro.md @@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ The first verse of the book ("The Song of Songs, which is Solomon's") gives the ### How should the title of this book be translated? -This book is traditionally titled "Song of Songs," which means the very best song, or "Song of Solomon." It may also be called "Songs of Love," "Great Poems of Love," or "The Love Songs of Solomon." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) +This book is traditionally titled "Song of Songs," which means the very best song, or "Song of Solomon." It may also be called "Songs of Love," "Great Poems of Love," or "The Love Songs of Solomon." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts ### What place do the descriptions of sexual behavior have in the Song of Songs? -The Song of Songs approves of sexual behavior expressing love between a husband his wife. +The Song of Songs approves of sexual behavior expressing love between a husband his wife. ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues @@ -44,4 +44,3 @@ Readers might consider many images or forms appearing in the Song of Songs as im ### How do I translate metaphors and similes in this book? There are many metaphors and similes in this book. These figures of speech are often unclear. If they have sexual meanings, figures of speech describing feelings or emotions are often used to avoid offense by hiding their meaning. However, since their meanings are often unclear, ambiguity in translation is encouraged. You can translate the words as they are written in order to avoid committing to a specific meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/tit/01/01.md b/tit/01/01.md index 50af075160..8a517c9600 100644 --- a/tit/01/01.md +++ b/tit/01/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ to strengthen the faith of # that agrees with godliness "that is suitable for honoring God" - diff --git a/tit/01/02.md b/tit/01/02.md index ef350b00a6..6e0e79261c 100644 --- a/tit/01/02.md +++ b/tit/01/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "hope" means "a confident expectation." Alternate translation: "with the co # before all the ages of time "before time began" - diff --git a/tit/01/03.md b/tit/01/03.md index 721aedcb3f..892d53403e 100644 --- a/tit/01/03.md +++ b/tit/01/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated in active form, and what God trusted Paul to do can be st # God our Savior "God, who saves us" - diff --git a/tit/01/04.md b/tit/01/04.md index 78b79f52a4..31f152e468 100644 --- a/tit/01/04.md +++ b/tit/01/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This was a common greeting Paul used. You can state clearly the understood infor # Christ Jesus our Savior "Christ Jesus who is our Savior" - diff --git a/tit/01/05.md b/tit/01/05.md index 291d8bc46a..8c7ad03df2 100644 --- a/tit/01/05.md +++ b/tit/01/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ # elders In the early Christian churches, Christian elders gave spiritual leadership to the assemblies of believers. - diff --git a/tit/01/06.md b/tit/01/06.md index 466b4fa0af..8704fc8235 100644 --- a/tit/01/06.md +++ b/tit/01/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This means that he has only one wife, that is, he does not have any other wives # faithful children Possible meanings are 1) children who believe in Jesus or 2) children who are trustworthy. - diff --git a/tit/01/07.md b/tit/01/07.md index f8fb806d7e..81c759e236 100644 --- a/tit/01/07.md +++ b/tit/01/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of the church as if it were God's household and the overseer as if h # not a brawler "not one who is violent" or "not one who likes to fight" - diff --git a/tit/01/08.md b/tit/01/08.md index 7afd19316e..77ce7c5a63 100644 --- a/tit/01/08.md +++ b/tit/01/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Instead Paul is changing his argument from what an elder is not to be to what an elder is to be. - diff --git a/tit/01/09.md b/tit/01/09.md index c2bc8b3b57..1031071f75 100644 --- a/tit/01/09.md +++ b/tit/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul speaks of devotion to the Christian faith as if it were grasping the faith # truthful teaching The Greek word translated "truthful" is a word meaning "healthy" and here is a dead metaphor for true, trustworthy, and morally good. Alternate translation: "trustworthy words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphordead]]) - diff --git a/tit/01/10.md b/tit/01/10.md index f8b88d9a4c..e35e8de159 100644 --- a/tit/01/10.md +++ b/tit/01/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This phrase describes the rebellious people mentioned in the previous phrase. He # those of the circumcision This refers to the Christian Jews who taught that men must be circumcised in order to follow Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/tit/01/11.md b/tit/01/11.md index dcbaa56a94..35c05ee95a 100644 --- a/tit/01/11.md +++ b/tit/01/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This refers to profit that people make by doing things that are not honorable. # are upsetting whole families "are ruining whole families." The issue was that they were upsetting families by destroying their faith. This may have caused the members of the families to argue with one another. - diff --git a/tit/01/12.md b/tit/01/12.md index af9fc68a95..c23779f91b 100644 --- a/tit/01/12.md +++ b/tit/01/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # evil beasts This metaphor compares the Cretans to dangerous wild animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/tit/01/13.md b/tit/01/13.md index 47cd412219..fca289ed6f 100644 --- a/tit/01/13.md +++ b/tit/01/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # so that they may be truthful in the faith The Greek word translated "truthful" is a word meaning "healthy" and here is a dead metaphor for true, trustworthy, and morally good. Alternate translation: "trustworthy words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphordead]]) - diff --git a/tit/01/14.md b/tit/01/14.md index f5ddcee8ea..6d631284ba 100644 --- a/tit/01/14.md +++ b/tit/01/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to the false teaching of the Jews. # turn away from the truth Paul speaks of the truth as if it were an object that one could turn away from or avoid. Alternate translation: "reject the truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/tit/01/15.md b/tit/01/15.md index 42b407bfab..4c8d2a885d 100644 --- a/tit/01/15.md +++ b/tit/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # to those who are corrupt and unbelieving, nothing is pure Paul speaks of sinners as if they were physically dirty. Alternate translation: "if people are morally defiled and do not believe, they cannot do anything pure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/tit/01/16.md b/tit/01/16.md index 9f10228669..f915a40677 100644 --- a/tit/01/16.md +++ b/tit/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # They are detestable "They are disgusting" - diff --git a/tit/01/intro.md b/tit/01/intro.md index 166bec02a8..889699ca68 100644 --- a/tit/01/intro.md +++ b/tit/01/intro.md @@ -1,21 +1,22 @@ # Titus 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul formally introduces this letter in verses 1-4. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East. -In verses 6-9, Paul lists several qualities that a man must have if he is to be an elder in the church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) Paul gives a similar list in 1 Timothy 3. +In verses 6-9, Paul lists several qualities that a man must have if he is to be an elder in the church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) Paul gives a similar list in 1 Timothy 3. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Elders +### Elders The church has used different titles for church leaders. Some titles include overseer, elder, pastor, and bishop. -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter -#### Should, may, must -The ULB uses different words that indicate requirements or obligations. These verbs have different levels of force associated with them. The subtle differences may be difficult to translate. The UDB translates these verbs in a more general way. +### Should, may, must + +The ULB uses different words that indicate requirements or obligations. These verbs have different levels of force associated with them. The subtle differences may be difficult to translate. The UDB translates these verbs in a more general way. ## Links: @@ -23,4 +24,3 @@ The ULB uses different words that indicate requirements or obligations. These ve * __[Titus intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/tit/02/01.md b/tit/02/01.md index f2e477f23d..ea8bb764cd 100644 --- a/tit/02/01.md +++ b/tit/02/01.md @@ -9,5 +9,3 @@ Paul implies what is in contrast. Alternate translation: "But you, Titus, in con # truthful instruction The Greek word translated "truthful" is a word meaning "healthy" and here is a dead metaphor for true, trustworthy, and morally good. Alternate translation: "trustworthy words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphordead]]) - - diff --git a/tit/02/02.md b/tit/02/02.md index a13783939d..38e754cdc1 100644 --- a/tit/02/02.md +++ b/tit/02/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # and sound in faith, in love, and in perseverance The word "sound" means to be firm and unwavering. The abstract nouns "faith," "love," and "perseverance" can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "and they must firmly believe the true teachings about God, truly love others, and continually serve God even when things are difficult" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/tit/02/03.md b/tit/02/03.md index d90b086425..c83fe59c8e 100644 --- a/tit/02/03.md +++ b/tit/02/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This word refers to people who say bad things about other people whether they ar # or being slaves to much wine People who cannot control themselves and who drink too much wine are spoken of as if they were slaves to the wine. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and not drinking too much wine" or "and not addicted to wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/tit/02/04.md b/tit/02/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/tit/02/04.md +++ b/tit/02/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/tit/02/05.md b/tit/02/05.md index 5d49abff40..402ac56b95 100644 --- a/tit/02/05.md +++ b/tit/02/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # so that God's word may not be spoken of as evil "Word" here is a metonym for "message," which in turn is a metonym for God himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that no one insults God's word" or "so that no one insults God by saying bad things about his message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/tit/02/06.md b/tit/02/06.md index 51bf5aceb1..80e15e8059 100644 --- a/tit/02/06.md +++ b/tit/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # In the same way, encourage "Also be sure to encourage" - diff --git a/tit/02/07.md b/tit/02/07.md index 023acf9989..d38c6dc46c 100644 --- a/tit/02/07.md +++ b/tit/02/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # an example of good works "an example of one who does right and proper things" - diff --git a/tit/02/08.md b/tit/02/08.md index 2845413ed3..72124da19a 100644 --- a/tit/02/08.md +++ b/tit/02/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a truthful message The Greek word translated "truthful, is a word meaning "healthy" and here is a dead metaphor for true, trustworthy, and morally good. Alternate translation: "trustworthy words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphordead]]) - diff --git a/tit/02/09.md b/tit/02/09.md index 382535c8e4..cd793f27e9 100644 --- a/tit/02/09.md +++ b/tit/02/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # please them "make their masters happy" or "satisfy their masters" - diff --git a/tit/02/10.md b/tit/02/10.md index 114a6eb0d8..dde9acf706 100644 --- a/tit/02/10.md +++ b/tit/02/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ # God our Savior "our God who saves us" - diff --git a/tit/02/11.md b/tit/02/11.md index c4e5864f77..daee7823a7 100644 --- a/tit/02/11.md +++ b/tit/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Paul encourages Titus to look for Jesus's coming and remember his authority thro # the grace of God has appeared Paul speaks of the grace of God as if it were a person who goes to other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/tit/02/12.md b/tit/02/12.md index 8aaae1cd43..1045b37de6 100644 --- a/tit/02/12.md +++ b/tit/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul speaks of the grace of God ([Titus 2:11](./11.md)) as if it were a person w # in this age "as we live in this world" or "during this time" - diff --git a/tit/02/13.md b/tit/02/13.md index e20df0e963..c058fdf2af 100644 --- a/tit/02/13.md +++ b/tit/02/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # our blessed hope, the appearance of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ Here "glory" represents Jesus himself, who will appear gloriously. Here "hope" means "confidently expectation." Alternate translation: "the good thing for which we confidently wait, that is, the glorious appearance of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/tit/02/14.md b/tit/02/14.md index a175ae408d..c903be047b 100644 --- a/tit/02/14.md +++ b/tit/02/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A group of people that he treasures. # are eager "have a strong desire" - diff --git a/tit/02/15.md b/tit/02/15.md index d11a7fc3b7..4272196476 100644 --- a/tit/02/15.md +++ b/tit/02/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "correct with all au # disregard you This statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "refuse to listen to your words" or "refuse to respect you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/tit/02/intro.md b/tit/02/intro.md index bfb36206b9..885affd5ad 100644 --- a/tit/02/intro.md +++ b/tit/02/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Titus 02 General Notes -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Gender roles +### Gender roles Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage. -#### Slavery +### Slavery Paul does not write in this chapter about whether slavery is good or bad. Paul teaches slaves to faithfully serve their masters. He teaches all believers to be godly and live rightly in every situation. @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Paul does not write in this chapter about whether slavery is good or bad. Paul t * __[Titus 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/tit/03/01.md b/tit/03/01.md index 70715a8c1e..dbbeb552d0 100644 --- a/tit/03/01.md +++ b/tit/03/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These words have similar meanings and are used together to include everyone who # be ready for every good work "be ready to do good whenever there is opportunity" - diff --git a/tit/03/02.md b/tit/03/02.md index 27ab9914e8..72bc62d9cd 100644 --- a/tit/03/02.md +++ b/tit/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to insult no one "to speak evil of no one" - diff --git a/tit/03/03.md b/tit/03/03.md index cc97f822b5..fb526cf242 100644 --- a/tit/03/03.md +++ b/tit/03/03.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Desires and pleasures are spoken of as if they were masters over people and had # We were detestable "We caused others to hate us" - diff --git a/tit/03/04.md b/tit/03/04.md index 029e97fd61..046d333791 100644 --- a/tit/03/04.md +++ b/tit/03/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # when the kindness of God our Savior and his love for mankind appeared Paul speaks of God's kindness and love as if they were people that came into our sight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/tit/03/05.md b/tit/03/05.md index ebd4198a65..65a0144eeb 100644 --- a/tit/03/05.md +++ b/tit/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # washing of new birth Paul is probably speaking of God's forgiveness for sinners as if God were physically washing them. He is also speaking of sinners who become responsive to God as if they had been born again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/tit/03/06.md b/tit/03/06.md index 2f7b15647c..d5c64b022e 100644 --- a/tit/03/06.md +++ b/tit/03/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is common for New Testament writers to speak of the Holy Spirit as a liquid t # through our Savior Jesus Christ "when Jesus saved us" - diff --git a/tit/03/07.md b/tit/03/07.md index 7d14aebf77..5581884f44 100644 --- a/tit/03/07.md +++ b/tit/03/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "since God has declare # we might become heirs having the hope of eternal life The people to whom God has made promises are spoken of as if they were heirs, inheriting property and wealth from a family member. Here "hope" means "a confident expectation." Alternate translation: "we might become like God's heirs, confidently waiting to inherit eternal life" or "we might have the confident expectation that God will cause us to live forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/tit/03/08.md b/tit/03/08.md index eef68bd8a8..1842985904 100644 --- a/tit/03/08.md +++ b/tit/03/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This refers to God giving the believers the Holy Spirit through Jesus in [Titus # may be careful to engage themselves in good works "may seek to do good works" - diff --git a/tit/03/09.md b/tit/03/09.md index ea9e45c8b2..9e4b527c47 100644 --- a/tit/03/09.md +++ b/tit/03/09.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ arguments or fights # the law "the law of Moses" - diff --git a/tit/03/10.md b/tit/03/10.md index efa5b9afd0..71df417679 100644 --- a/tit/03/10.md +++ b/tit/03/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul explains how Titus should treat those who cause contention among the believ # after one or two warnings "after you have warned that person once or twice" - diff --git a/tit/03/11.md b/tit/03/11.md index 574026bbf6..0a2802b282 100644 --- a/tit/03/11.md +++ b/tit/03/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Paul speaks of someone who has rejected the truth as if he had left the correct # condemns himself "brings judgment on himself" - diff --git a/tit/03/12.md b/tit/03/12.md index 100b668b03..af96d96fc4 100644 --- a/tit/03/12.md +++ b/tit/03/12.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # spend the winter "stay until winter has ended" - diff --git a/tit/03/13.md b/tit/03/13.md index 036a47d0d0..b94684bf70 100644 --- a/tit/03/13.md +++ b/tit/03/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Zenas ... Apollos These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/tit/03/14.md b/tit/03/14.md index db25c1edbb..1cdd84da5f 100644 --- a/tit/03/14.md +++ b/tit/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Paul is referring to the believers in Crete. # needs, and so not be unfruitful Paul speaks of people doing good work as if they were trees bearing good fruit. This double negative means they should be fruitful or productive. Alternate translation: "needs; in this way they will be fruitful" or "needs, and so they will do good works" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]]) - diff --git a/tit/03/15.md b/tit/03/15.md index a3a2b1216e..6b7a14882e 100644 --- a/tit/03/15.md +++ b/tit/03/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "the believers who love us" or 2) "the believers who lo # Grace be with all of you This was a common Christian greeting. Alternate translation: "May God's grace be with you" or "I ask that God will be gracious to all of you" - diff --git a/tit/03/intro.md b/tit/03/intro.md index 134ce40c49..1f32b04029 100644 --- a/tit/03/intro.md +++ b/tit/03/intro.md @@ -1,20 +1,19 @@ # Titus 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Paul gives Titus personal instructions in this chapter. Verse 15 formally concludes this letter. This is a common way of ending a letter in the ancient Near East. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Genealogies +### Genealogies -Genealogies are lists that record a person's ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could normally become king. They also showed from what tribe and family they came. For example, priests came from the tribe of Levi and the family of Aaron. +Genealogies are lists that record a person's ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could normally become king. They also showed from what tribe and family they came. For example, priests came from the tribe of Levi and the family of Aaron. ## Links: * __[Titus 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/tit/front/intro.md b/tit/front/intro.md index 9f0612ec87..63e6a5e056 100644 --- a/tit/front/intro.md +++ b/tit/front/intro.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Paul wrote the Book of Titus. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been know ### What is the Book of Titus about? -Paul wrote this letter to Titus, his fellow worker, who was leading the churches on the island of Crete. Paul instructed him about selecting church leaders. Paul also described how the believers should behave towards each other. And he encouraged them all to live in a way that pleases God. +Paul wrote this letter to Titus, his fellow worker, who was leading the churches on the island of Crete. Paul instructed him about selecting church leaders. Paul also described how the believers should behave towards each other. And he encouraged them all to live in a way that pleases God. ### How should the title of this book be translated? @@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "Titus." Or t ### In what roles can people serve within the church? -There are some teachings in the Book of Titus about whether a woman or divorced man can serve in positions of leadership within the church. Scholars disagree about the meaning of these teachings. Further study on these issues may be necessary before translating this book. +There are some teachings in the Book of Titus about whether a woman or divorced man can serve in positions of leadership within the church. Scholars disagree about the meaning of these teachings. Further study on these issues may be necessary before translating this book. ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues -#### Singular and plural "you" +### Singular and plural "you" + In this book, the word "I" refers to Paul. Also, the word "you" is almost always singular and refers to Titus. The exception to this is 3:15. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]]) ### What is the meaning of "God our Savior?" This is a common phrase in this letter. Paul meant to make the readers think about how God forgave them in Christ for sinning against him. And by forgiving them he saved them from being punished when he judges all people. A similar phrase in this letter is "our great God and Savior Jesus Christ." - diff --git a/zec/01/01.md b/zec/01/01.md index 974763958d..ba67fafe59 100644 --- a/zec/01/01.md +++ b/zec/01/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # Berekiah ... Iddo These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/02.md b/zec/01/02.md index f433649cfd..7456c45b55 100644 --- a/zec/01/02.md +++ b/zec/01/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # exceedingly angry with your fathers "very angry with your forefathers" - diff --git a/zec/01/03.md b/zec/01/03.md index 684454a328..8be23a5f23 100644 --- a/zec/01/03.md +++ b/zec/01/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of having a change of attitude toward another person as if it were # this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/04.md b/zec/01/04.md index cc43d4a048..04643fca83 100644 --- a/zec/01/04.md +++ b/zec/01/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ No longer doing certain actions is spoken of as if it were turning away from tho # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Zechariah 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/05.md b/zec/01/05.md index b1e40ba5a7..c40a85f23e 100644 --- a/zec/01/05.md +++ b/zec/01/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "And the prophets # do they live forever? Zechariah is probably implying that the prophets will not always be around to tell his readers that God wants them to repent. You may need to make this explicit. Alternate translation: "will they always be around to speak for God to you?" or "they will not always be around to call you to repent." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/06.md b/zec/01/06.md index e402d12e02..428a50b23b 100644 --- a/zec/01/06.md +++ b/zec/01/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These phrases are both ways to refer to Yahweh's message that the prophets had d # our ways and actions The words "ways" and "actions" mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "our behavior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/07.md b/zec/01/07.md index d3e53b71cf..1696ee9b33 100644 --- a/zec/01/07.md +++ b/zec/01/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translat # Berekiah ... Iddo These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/08.md b/zec/01/08.md index 432f6b254d..4d3fe61b35 100644 --- a/zec/01/08.md +++ b/zec/01/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "look" here shows that Zechariah was surprised by what he saw. # myrtle trees a kind of small tree with colorful flowers (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/09.md b/zec/01/09.md index 55d4f3f7f6..9ea756b654 100644 --- a/zec/01/09.md +++ b/zec/01/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here Zechariah speaks to an unidentified angel. This is not the same as the "man # What are these things, Lord? "What are these things, sir?" Here the word "Lord" is a form of polite address. - diff --git a/zec/01/10.md b/zec/01/10.md index 0ad6822ec0..a9c42a9265 100644 --- a/zec/01/10.md +++ b/zec/01/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "these" refers to the red, reddish-brown, and white horses that were be # to roam throughout the earth It is implicit that Yahweh sent these out to walk about in order to patrol the earth. This does not suggest that they were wandering or lost. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/11.md b/zec/01/11.md index 8805222ea4..dd3b88c0db 100644 --- a/zec/01/11.md +++ b/zec/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to the red, reddish-brown, and white horses that were beh # all the earth sits still and is at rest There being peace and quiet in the world is spoken of as if the earth were a person who is still and resting. Possible meanings are 1) this is a good thing that means that there is peace between nations or 2) this is a bad thing that means that there is no war because nations are helpless to fight against a stronger nation that has subdued them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/12.md b/zec/01/12.md index 87e30e81f5..ca7b8eb2d8 100644 --- a/zec/01/12.md +++ b/zec/01/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # to Jerusalem and to the cities of Judah Here the words "Jerusalem" and "cities" refer to the people who live in those cities. Alternate translation: "to the people of Jerusalem and to the people of the cities of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/13.md b/zec/01/13.md index 32d12d8864..1bb24dec18 100644 --- a/zec/01/13.md +++ b/zec/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # with good words, words of comfort "with good, comforting words" - diff --git a/zec/01/14.md b/zec/01/14.md index 73a388a086..3c2204ef64 100644 --- a/zec/01/14.md +++ b/zec/01/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here this word refers to Yahweh's strong desire to protect his people. # Jerusalem ... Zion These are a metonyms for the people who live in Jerusalem and Zion. Alternate translation: "the people of Jerusalem ... the people of Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/15.md b/zec/01/15.md index d83bcf57bf..c9f59c0d62 100644 --- a/zec/01/15.md +++ b/zec/01/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "at ease" means that the people thought that they lived in peace and # they made the disaster worse "the nations that are at ease made the disaster worse." This means that although Yahweh used these nations to punish Jerusalem, they did more harm to Jerusalem than what Yahweh had intended for them to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/16.md b/zec/01/16.md index 203f537c31..dee2bef2da 100644 --- a/zec/01/16.md +++ b/zec/01/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "her" refers to Jerusalem, and the word "house" is a metonym for the te # the measuring line will be stretched out over Jerusalem This refers to builders using their instruments to rebuild the city. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "builders will stretch out their measuring lines over Jerusalem" or "the people will rebuild Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/17.md b/zec/01/17.md index a3f768dcad..7955cee52a 100644 --- a/zec/01/17.md +++ b/zec/01/17.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The phrase "my cities" refers to the cities of Judah and represents the people w # Yahweh will again comfort Zion Here the word "Zion" refers to the people who live in the city. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will again comfort the people in Zion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/18.md b/zec/01/18.md index 3f703848c6..a987bfb6a8 100644 --- a/zec/01/18.md +++ b/zec/01/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I lifted up my eyes The word "eyes" represents the person who looks. Alternate translation: "I looked up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/19.md b/zec/01/19.md index 5b8716a37b..8656b8e869 100644 --- a/zec/01/19.md +++ b/zec/01/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # These are the horns that have scattered Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem Horns were often used as a symbol for military power. Here they symbolize the powerful nations that had conquered the kingdoms of Israel. The words "Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem" represent the people who lived in those places. Alternate translation: "These horns represent the nations that have scattered the people of Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/01/20.md b/zec/01/20.md index e1674b0163..aba1bc4755 100644 --- a/zec/01/20.md +++ b/zec/01/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # four craftsmen "blacksmiths" or "metalworkers" - diff --git a/zec/01/21.md b/zec/01/21.md index 7d36905754..7091a77f11 100644 --- a/zec/01/21.md +++ b/zec/01/21.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the nations using their military power to conquer Judah as if t # to cast down the horns of the nations that lifted up a horn "to cast down the horns that the nations had lifted up" - diff --git a/zec/01/intro.md b/zec/01/intro.md index 2a7c338103..4e2642567d 100644 --- a/zec/01/intro.md +++ b/zec/01/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Zechariah 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is written in prose mainly with imagery used throughout to portray Zechariah's vision given by the Lord. +This chapter is written in prose mainly with imagery used throughout to portray Zechariah's vision given by the Lord. Some translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULB and many other English translations set lines 1:3-6, 14-17, which are extended quotations, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Visions -This book contains a number of visions given to Zechariah, so the images are not ones Zechariah actually saw but were given to him in a vision or dream. It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing. +### Visions -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +This book contains a number of visions given to Zechariah, so the images are not ones Zechariah actually saw but were given to him in a vision or dream. It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing. + +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Date -#### Date Zechariah uses two separate dates in this first chapter. When compared to the book of Haggai, Zechariah's prophecy was proclaimed just a few weeks after Haggai. However, they prophesied in two different places: Haggai was in Jerusalem and Zechariah was somewhere outside of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -22,4 +24,3 @@ Zechariah uses two separate dates in this first chapter. When compared to the bo * __[Zechariah intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/02/01.md b/zec/02/01.md index 17c869c9ef..de18f4715b 100644 --- a/zec/02/01.md +++ b/zec/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The word "eyes" represents the person who looks. Alternate translation: "I looke # measuring line a rope with a certain length that a person would use to measure buildings or large sections of land - diff --git a/zec/02/02.md b/zec/02/02.md index 95f23e539a..469e66ed8e 100644 --- a/zec/02/02.md +++ b/zec/02/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # So he said to me "So the man with the measuring line said to me" - diff --git a/zec/02/03.md b/zec/02/03.md index da18f1f576..98d34201fe 100644 --- a/zec/02/03.md +++ b/zec/02/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # another angel went out to meet him This angel is a new participant who has not appeared before this verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants]]) - diff --git a/zec/02/04.md b/zec/02/04.md index 10a4afc6b4..203958fbe2 100644 --- a/zec/02/04.md +++ b/zec/02/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Jerusalem will sit in the open country ... livestock within her The phrase "will sit in the open country" translates a word that refers to a city that has no walls. There will be so many inhabitants in the city that it will be too large to have walls around it. Alternate translation: "Jerusalem will not have walls around it ... livestock within the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/02/05.md b/zec/02/05.md index 12003c1aea..c60bbe408f 100644 --- a/zec/02/05.md +++ b/zec/02/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ People built walls around their cities for protection. Here Yahweh speaks of pro # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/zec/02/06.md b/zec/02/06.md index 63d8df1251..acbd897da2 100644 --- a/zec/02/06.md +++ b/zec/02/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Up! Up! These two words express urgency and add emphasis to the following command. The words can be translated with an expression that communicates urgency in your language. Alternate translation: "Run! Run!" or "Hurry! Hurry!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/zec/02/07.md b/zec/02/07.md index 9846156f23..3f5fa79bfc 100644 --- a/zec/02/07.md +++ b/zec/02/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # you who live with the daughter of Babylon The phrase "daughter of Babylon" refers to the city of Babylon. Yahweh speaks of the city as if it were a daughter. Alternate translation: "you who live in Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/02/08.md b/zec/02/08.md index 253c9fd4dd..edab079733 100644 --- a/zec/02/08.md +++ b/zec/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zechariah begins to speak and tells how Yahweh is sending him to judge the natio # for whoever touches you The word "touches" refers to a touch meant to harm. Alternate translation: "for whoever harms you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/02/09.md b/zec/02/09.md index b46b2142d9..4f8ce8eaa9 100644 --- a/zec/02/09.md +++ b/zec/02/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Raising one's hand against another person is a gesture of hostility. Here it is # they will be plunder for their slaves The word "plunder" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "their slaves will plunder them" - diff --git a/zec/02/10.md b/zec/02/10.md index 6785dd7c78..fb40861869 100644 --- a/zec/02/10.md +++ b/zec/02/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/zec/02/11.md b/zec/02/11.md index 6c4d99b444..6ae548bfa4 100644 --- a/zec/02/11.md +++ b/zec/02/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zechariah speaks of the people of great nations becoming Yahweh's people and wor # in that day "at that time" - diff --git a/zec/02/12.md b/zec/02/12.md index 83b283b42a..f905ce818a 100644 --- a/zec/02/12.md +++ b/zec/02/12.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Yahweh will inherit Judah as his rightful possession Zechariah speaks of Yahweh claiming Judah as his own land as if Judah were something that Yahweh inherits as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will claim Judah as his rightful possession" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/02/13.md b/zec/02/13.md index 703ec02d8c..28c175ed92 100644 --- a/zec/02/13.md +++ b/zec/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Zechariah speaks of Yahweh beginning to act as if someone had roused Yahweh from # from out of his holy place Here "his holy place" refers to heaven, and not to the temple in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "from his holy place in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/02/intro.md b/zec/02/intro.md index e9125331a3..4a77a1c29f 100644 --- a/zec/02/intro.md +++ b/zec/02/intro.md @@ -1,24 +1,25 @@ # Zechariah 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is introduced in prose with imagery used in the rest of the chapter to portray Zechariah's third vision about measuring lines given by the Lord. +This chapter is introduced in prose with imagery used in the rest of the chapter to portray Zechariah's third vision about measuring lines given by the Lord. Some translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of 2:4-13, which are extended quotations, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Visions +### Visions This book contains a number of visions given to Zechariah so the images are not ones Zechariah actually saw but were given to him in a vision or dream. It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing. Please be careful to translate each of the terms in your language. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### "This is Yahweh's declaration" + +This phrase is used several times in this chapter. The UDB often translates this as "Yahweh says." -#### "This is Yahweh's declaration" -This phrase is used several times in this chapter. The UDB often translates this as "Yahweh says." ## Links: * __[Zechariah 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/03/01.md b/zec/03/01.md index a6b6fe725c..ff9ad5d78b 100644 --- a/zec/03/01.md +++ b/zec/03/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh shows Zechariah a vision of Joshua the priest. # Satan was standing at his right hand to accuse him of sin "Satan was standing at Joshua's right side, ready to accuse Joshua of sin" - diff --git a/zec/03/02.md b/zec/03/02.md index 7cc2115da5..1a527322d2 100644 --- a/zec/03/02.md +++ b/zec/03/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel of Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize the positive answ # a brand pulled from the fire A brand is a burning piece of wood. The angel of Yahweh speaks of Joshua being rescued from captivity in Babylon as if he were a piece of wood that someone pulls from a fire before the wood is completely burned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/03/03.md b/zec/03/03.md index e31ed00a14..0ed4c44b3a 100644 --- a/zec/03/03.md +++ b/zec/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Joshua was dressed in filthy garments In this vision "filthy garments" are symbolic of sinfulness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/zec/03/04.md b/zec/03/04.md index 00f0459f40..a2dcad6076 100644 --- a/zec/03/04.md +++ b/zec/03/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Since Joshua's garments were symbolic of his sinfulness, by removing his garment # dress you in official robes Here the phrase "official robes" is a metaphor for righteousness. If your language has a word for clothes that people wear only for special occasions, you might want to use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/zec/03/05.md b/zec/03/05.md index 47e73d47ca..3d44387a5e 100644 --- a/zec/03/05.md +++ b/zec/03/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "them" refers to the other angels who were present. # turban a long piece of cloth wrapped around the head - diff --git a/zec/03/06.md b/zec/03/06.md index 8c8f2ae6ef..9470ec1dfa 100644 --- a/zec/03/06.md +++ b/zec/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # solemnly commanded Joshua "commanded Joshua in a very serious manner" - diff --git a/zec/03/07.md b/zec/03/07.md index 6f1addeb20..f912657481 100644 --- a/zec/03/07.md +++ b/zec/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "house" is a metonym for the temple, while the word "courts" refer # to go and come among these who stand before me The phrase "to go and come among" is an idiom that means that Joshua will be a part of this group and have the same privilege as they do of access to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "to come before me as these who stand here do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/03/08.md b/zec/03/08.md index 9c37ffafa7..f63e7a9a0c 100644 --- a/zec/03/08.md +++ b/zec/03/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here the word "sign" refers to something that communicates a special meaning to # my servant the Branch The word "Branch" refers to a messianic figure that would serve as king over Yahweh's people. Yahweh speaks of this person as if he were a branch that grows out from a tree. Since the word "Branch" is a title, it should be translated with an equivalent word in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/03/09.md b/zec/03/09.md index 73717756f3..da4f8a7601 100644 --- a/zec/03/09.md +++ b/zec/03/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The sides or facets of the stone that reflect light are spoken of as if they are # I will remove the iniquity from this land in one day Here the word "land" is a metonym for the people who live in the land. The word "remove" is a metaphor that means to forgive. Alternate translation: "I will forgive the iniquity of the people who live in this land in one day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/03/10.md b/zec/03/10.md index 863efda0a8..6668d733a5 100644 --- a/zec/03/10.md +++ b/zec/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # each man will invite his neighbor to sit under his vine and under his fig tree Both the "vine" and the "fig tree" are symbols of prosperity. This phrase describes actions in which people live prosperously and in peace. Alternate translation: "because they will be at peace, each person will invite his neighbor to come and sit under his vine and his fig tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/03/intro.md b/zec/03/intro.md index 6fb952ca43..3df7c36bc0 100644 --- a/zec/03/intro.md +++ b/zec/03/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,20 @@ # Zechariah 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is introduced in prose and shares the fourth vision, which is the priest in dirty clothes. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) +This chapter is introduced in prose and shares the fourth vision, which is the priest in dirty clothes. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) Some translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of 3:7-9, which is an extended quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. -### Difficult concepts in this chapter +## Difficult concepts in this chapter -#### Visions -It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing. +### Visions -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing. -#### The high priest +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### The high priest This chapter seems to refer to a particular person, Joshua the high priest. However, little is known about him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]]) @@ -22,4 +23,3 @@ This chapter seems to refer to a particular person, Joshua the high priest. Howe * __[Zechariah 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/04/01.md b/zec/04/01.md index b566484133..896b9fd801 100644 --- a/zec/04/01.md +++ b/zec/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # roused me like a man roused from his sleep Zechariah compares the way in which the angel interrupted his being in deep thought with the way someone would awaken another person from sleep. Alternate translation: "caused me to become more alert like a man awakened from his sleep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/02.md b/zec/04/02.md index a71bf0cffb..986ccd9c41 100644 --- a/zec/04/02.md +++ b/zec/04/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # lamp wicks the parts of a lamp that are lit on fire - diff --git a/zec/04/03.md b/zec/04/03.md index 0d4b1dcd1a..953a1ca483 100644 --- a/zec/04/03.md +++ b/zec/04/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the left side The ellipsis in this phrase may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "the left side of the bowl" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/04.md b/zec/04/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/04/04.md +++ b/zec/04/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/04/05.md b/zec/04/05.md index d9280acee7..999d60402d 100644 --- a/zec/04/05.md +++ b/zec/04/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you not know what these things mean? The angel asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that Zechariah should have known what these things mean. The question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Surely you know what these things mean." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/06.md b/zec/04/06.md index 09fb9a94d1..0d2765e3b5 100644 --- a/zec/04/06.md +++ b/zec/04/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Since there is no verb in this phrase, it may be necessary in your language to s # Not by might nor by power Possible meanings are 1) that the words "might" and "power" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of Zerubbabel's strength or 2) that the word "might" refers to military strength and the word "power" refers to Zerubbabel's physical ability. Alternate translation: "Certainly not by your own strength" or "Not by military strength nor by your own power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/07.md b/zec/04/07.md index d8110da837..7ef97b9ba2 100644 --- a/zec/04/07.md +++ b/zec/04/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The top stone is the last stone placed when building something. This refers to t # to shouts of 'Grace! Grace to it!' Possible meanings are 1) the word "grace" refers to God's grace and the people are requesting that God bless the completed temple. Alternate translation: "while people shout, 'May God bless it! May God bless it!'" or 2) the word "grace" refers to beauty and the people are declaring how beautiful the completed temple is. Alternate translation: "while people shout, 'Beautiful! It is beautiful!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/08.md b/zec/04/08.md index 690cccf7fd..5851c4b337 100644 --- a/zec/04/08.md +++ b/zec/04/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The angel who speaks with Zechariah continues to explain the vision. # The word of Yahweh came to me, saying This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to me. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/09.md b/zec/04/09.md index 58474398da..1e1cdcf3dc 100644 --- a/zec/04/09.md +++ b/zec/04/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "hands" represents Zerubbabel. Alternate translation: "Zerubbabel # the foundation of this house The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate translation: "the foundation of this temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/10.md b/zec/04/10.md index 48e9af31a2..17f086afb5 100644 --- a/zec/04/10.md +++ b/zec/04/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This phrase refers to the lamps that Zechariah saw in [Zechariah 4:2-3](./02.md) # These seven lamps are the eyes of Yahweh that roam over the whole earth The seven lamps symbolize the eyes of Yahweh, but they are not literally the eyes of Yahweh. The angel speaks of Yahweh seeing everything that happens on the earth as if his eyes roamed over the whole earth. Alternate translation: "These seven lamps represent the eyes of Yahweh, who sees everything that happens on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/11.md b/zec/04/11.md index b03a1321e3..4fabcc8729 100644 --- a/zec/04/11.md +++ b/zec/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # these two olive trees This refers to the olive trees that Zechariah saw in [Zechariah 4:2-3](./02.md). - diff --git a/zec/04/12.md b/zec/04/12.md index cb1fe36360..08b4c8ed95 100644 --- a/zec/04/12.md +++ b/zec/04/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These pipes were not mentioned in the previous description of Zechariah's vision # golden oil Here "golden" refers to the color of the oil and does not mean that the oil was made of gold. - diff --git a/zec/04/13.md b/zec/04/13.md index d11895a1d8..324298c88f 100644 --- a/zec/04/13.md +++ b/zec/04/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Do you not know what these are? The angel asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that Zechariah should have known what these things mean. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Surely you know what these are." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/14.md b/zec/04/14.md index 97c6e3bad9..daa20e9479 100644 --- a/zec/04/14.md +++ b/zec/04/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This idiom means that these men have been anointed with fresh olive oil. A perso # who stand before the Lord The idiom "stand before" means to be in a person's presence and to serve him. Alternate translation: "who serve the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/04/intro.md b/zec/04/intro.md index 3f9d633e62..689fd38413 100644 --- a/zec/04/intro.md +++ b/zec/04/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ # Zechariah 04 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is written mainly in prose about the fifth vision, which is about the golden lampstand olive trees. +This chapter is written mainly in prose about the fifth vision, which is about the golden lampstand olive trees. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Visions -This chapter shows a conversation between Zechariah and the angel of Yahweh. It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing. +### Visions + +This chapter shows a conversation between Zechariah and the angel of Yahweh. It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing. ## Links: * __[Zechariah 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/05/01.md b/zec/05/01.md index 8bd332470c..c5d301c0ff 100644 --- a/zec/05/01.md +++ b/zec/05/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "eyes" represents the person who looks. Alternate translation: "looked # behold The word "behold" here shows that Zechariah was surprised by what he saw. - diff --git a/zec/05/02.md b/zec/05/02.md index ab426a59e9..6db402f887 100644 --- a/zec/05/02.md +++ b/zec/05/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # twenty cubits long and ten cubits wide A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: "9.2 meters long and 4.6 meters wide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance]]) - diff --git a/zec/05/03.md b/zec/05/03.md index 39323ed83b..98d619130e 100644 --- a/zec/05/03.md +++ b/zec/05/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Yahweh removing these people from the land is spoken of as if he were cutting th # what it says on the one side ... what it says on the other side "what the scroll says on one side ... what the scroll says on the other side" - diff --git a/zec/05/04.md b/zec/05/04.md index c43b610270..a515c3fd70 100644 --- a/zec/05/04.md +++ b/zec/05/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declarin # consume its timber and stones The curse destroying the houses of the thief and of the one who swears falsely is spoken of as if the curse would consume the building materials that people had used to build the houses. Alternate translation: "destroy its wood and stones" or "completely destroy it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/zec/05/05.md b/zec/05/05.md index 47c8ef7180..9627b3bd16 100644 --- a/zec/05/05.md +++ b/zec/05/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Raise your eyes The word "eyes" represents the person who looks. Alternate translation: "Look up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/zec/05/06.md b/zec/05/06.md index f6bb25142a..a0dc43f6f7 100644 --- a/zec/05/06.md +++ b/zec/05/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ An "ephah" is a unit of measurement for dry materials and is equal to 22 liters. # This is their iniquity in the whole land The basket symbolizes the people's iniquity, but it is not literally their iniquity. Alternate translation: "This basket represents the iniquity of the people throughout the whole land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-symlanguage]]) - diff --git a/zec/05/07.md b/zec/05/07.md index cece6c685c..1a1baa3b0d 100644 --- a/zec/05/07.md +++ b/zec/05/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: someone lifted a lead # there was a woman under it sitting in it "there was a woman under the lead covering sitting in the basket" - diff --git a/zec/05/08.md b/zec/05/08.md index f65e3db12a..e1838b0230 100644 --- a/zec/05/08.md +++ b/zec/05/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The woman represents wickedness. Alternate translation: "This woman represents w # He threw her ... he threw the lead cover "He thrust her ... he forced the lead cover." The word "threw" indicates the force with which the angel did these things. He did not literally throw the woman or the cover. - diff --git a/zec/05/09.md b/zec/05/09.md index afcae3e765..63c52d4f75 100644 --- a/zec/05/09.md +++ b/zec/05/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ A stork is a type of large bird that has a wingspan of two to four meters. Zecha # They lifted up the basket between earth and heaven The words "earth" and "heaven" form a merism that refer to the sky. It is implicit that the two women flew away with the basket. Alternate translation: "They lifted the basket up into the sky and flew away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/05/10.md b/zec/05/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/05/10.md +++ b/zec/05/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/05/11.md b/zec/05/11.md index ed57133873..ee6f658f27 100644 --- a/zec/05/11.md +++ b/zec/05/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will set the bas # on its prepared base The words "prepared base" refer to a pedestal or other kind of fixture upon which they will place the basket. - diff --git a/zec/05/intro.md b/zec/05/intro.md index 662adade56..6ced71307c 100644 --- a/zec/05/intro.md +++ b/zec/05/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Zechariah 05 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter contains the next two visions. One is about a flying scroll and one is about the basket filled with iniquity. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/iniquity]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter contains the next two visions. One is about a flying scroll and one * __[Zechariah 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/06/01.md b/zec/06/01.md index ebfa37c5cf..a353d3cc97 100644 --- a/zec/06/01.md +++ b/zec/06/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the word "eyes" represents the person who sees. Alternate translation: "loo # between two mountains; and the two mountains were made of bronze Since the second phrase describes the mountains in the first phrase, the two phrases may be combined. Alternate translation: "between two bronze mountains" - diff --git a/zec/06/02.md b/zec/06/02.md index b7b2dda8d1..0152405e90 100644 --- a/zec/06/02.md +++ b/zec/06/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The first chariot had red horses It is implicit that the horses were pulling the chariots. Alternate translation: "The first chariot had red horses pulling it" or "Red horses were pulling the first chariot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/06/03.md b/zec/06/03.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/06/03.md +++ b/zec/06/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/06/04.md b/zec/06/04.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/06/04.md +++ b/zec/06/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/06/05.md b/zec/06/05.md index 7352749b93..fafbe61e9a 100644 --- a/zec/06/05.md +++ b/zec/06/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase refers to the four directions from which the wind blows: north, east # standing before the Lord of all the earth The idiom to "stand before" means to be in a person's presence and to serve him. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 4:14](../04/14.md). Alternate translation: "serving the Lord of all the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/06/06.md b/zec/06/06.md index da12aa3d2b..f38969d892 100644 --- a/zec/06/06.md +++ b/zec/06/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Some modern versions interpret this Hebrew phrase to mean "the white horses are # the white horses are ... the spotted gray horses are Here the horses represent the chariots that they pull. Alternate translation: "the chariot with the white horses is ... the chariot with the spotted gray horses is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/06/07.md b/zec/06/07.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/06/07.md +++ b/zec/06/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/06/08.md b/zec/06/08.md index c4e05c873c..5e2e0dbf97 100644 --- a/zec/06/08.md +++ b/zec/06/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # they will appease my spirit concerning the north country The words "my spirit" refer to Yahweh, so many translations change this to read "Yahweh's spirit." Possible meanings are 1) the word "spirit" represents Yahweh's emotions and appeasing his spirit means that the chariots will cause Yahweh no longer to be angry with the north country Alternate translation: "they will calm my anger concerning the north country" or 2) the word "spirit" represents Yahweh's presence and the chariots will cause the Jews who live in the north land to experience Yahweh's blessings. Alternate translation: "they will cause my spirit to rest in the north country" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/06/09.md b/zec/06/09.md index f74be1d2ec..e410b59015 100644 --- a/zec/06/09.md +++ b/zec/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to me, saying This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to me. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/06/10.md b/zec/06/10.md index dad2c6933c..05647c9e9f 100644 --- a/zec/06/10.md +++ b/zec/06/10.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # this same day "today" - diff --git a/zec/06/11.md b/zec/06/11.md index 6d49f32e9d..77d339a96b 100644 --- a/zec/06/11.md +++ b/zec/06/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) # take the silver and gold, make a crown "make a crown with the silver and gold" - diff --git a/zec/06/12.md b/zec/06/12.md index e3b1731715..e53a3de94a 100644 --- a/zec/06/12.md +++ b/zec/06/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "Branch" refers to a messianic figure that would serve as king over Yah # He will grow up where he is The phrase "grow up" refers to the growth of a plant, and so continues the metaphor of this person as a "Branch." This likely refers to this person appearing or coming into power as the one who would supervise the rebuilding of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/06/13.md b/zec/06/13.md index 8b2b173b2d..690bf2b0fe 100644 --- a/zec/06/13.md +++ b/zec/06/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the "Branch" will be both priest and king or 2) the "Br # he will bear a counsel of peace between the two The words "the two" refer to the roles of king and priest. The meaning of this phrase depends upon the meaning of the previous phrase. Possible meanings are 1) the "Branch" will faithfully carry out his duties as both priest and king and not forsake one in order to fulfill the other or 2) the "Branch" who serves as king and the other person who serves as a priest will each carry out their duties faithfully and they will work together in peace. - diff --git a/zec/06/14.md b/zec/06/14.md index 83d208ce7d..f7979244f6 100644 --- a/zec/06/14.md +++ b/zec/06/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These are the names of men. See how you translated these in [Zechariah 6:10](../ # for Hen son of Zephaniah as a memorial Some modern versions interpret this phrase as "as a memorial to the generosity of the son of Zephaniah" or "as a memorial to the one who is gracious, the son of Zephaniah." Also, some modern versions interpret the name "Hen" as meaning the name "Josiah." - diff --git a/zec/06/15.md b/zec/06/15.md index 2d11922569..f9aeac1f77 100644 --- a/zec/06/15.md +++ b/zec/06/15.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/ # truly listen to the voice of Yahweh your God Here to "listen" means to obey and the word "voice" represents the words that Yahweh speaks. Alternate translation: "truly obey what Yahweh your God says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/06/intro.md b/zec/06/intro.md index e9956ee1fa..f6901c7d2d 100644 --- a/zec/06/intro.md +++ b/zec/06/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ # Zechariah 06 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is written mainly in prose and tells the last vision of the four chariots in the first part of the chapter. +This chapter is written mainly in prose and tells the last vision of the four chariots in the first part of the chapter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 6:12-13. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Crown -#### Crown The second part of the chapter is about a crown made for the high priest. This is an actual person, but the meaning of the word "branch" should be translated as his name. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]]) -### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter +## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter + +### Meaning of the visions -#### Meaning of the visions The visions are stated and even when the prophet asked for an explanation, their true meaning is often obscure. This uncertainty should remain in your translation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ The visions are stated and even when the prophet asked for an explanation, their * __[Zechariah 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/07/01.md b/zec/07/01.md index 4275c755fa..f7a7e51307 100644 --- a/zec/07/01.md +++ b/zec/07/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh came to Zechariah This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Zechariah" or "Yahweh spoke this message to Zechariah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/07/02.md b/zec/07/02.md index 80ea883cc5..9644e2ad3d 100644 --- a/zec/07/02.md +++ b/zec/07/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here the word "beg" means to plead or ask urgently. # before the face of Yahweh Here "face" is a metonym for Yahweh's presence. Alternate translation: "in the presence of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/07/03.md b/zec/07/03.md index 7f5ba45efc..a1421ac6b2 100644 --- a/zec/07/03.md +++ b/zec/07/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "they" refers to Sharezer and Regem Melek. # by means of a fast "by fasting" - diff --git a/zec/07/04.md b/zec/07/04.md index a6dd1fff47..8a199a13d0 100644 --- a/zec/07/04.md +++ b/zec/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/07/05.md b/zec/07/05.md index 68c7d1ee85..98696f2ec6 100644 --- a/zec/07/05.md +++ b/zec/07/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The assumed knowledge is that the people of Israel had been slaves in Babylon fo # were you truly fasting for me? This question is asked to make the people think about what their real reason for fasting had been. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "you were not really fasting for me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/zec/07/06.md b/zec/07/06.md index 57c87eb9b8..eb48c1aa24 100644 --- a/zec/07/06.md +++ b/zec/07/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) when they feasted and drank when celebrating religious # did you not eat and drink for yourselves? This question is used to make the people think about whether they were honoring Yahweh when they ate and drank. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "it was for yourselves that you ate and drank." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]]) - diff --git a/zec/07/07.md b/zec/07/07.md index 0b8c625f4f..2471f89496 100644 --- a/zec/07/07.md +++ b/zec/07/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hand" is a metonym for the words spoken by the mouth. Alternate translatio # when Jerusalem and the surrounding cities were inhabited and prosperous "you still lived in Jerusalem and everyone who lived in the surrounding cities was prosperous" - diff --git a/zec/07/08.md b/zec/07/08.md index 376391b850..7856f25f8a 100644 --- a/zec/07/08.md +++ b/zec/07/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh came to Zechariah, saying This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Zechariah. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this message to Zechariah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/07/09.md b/zec/07/09.md index 8902b9ccc3..29f7174afd 100644 --- a/zec/07/09.md +++ b/zec/07/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract nouns "justice," "faithfulness," and "mercy" can be stated as adjec # Let each man do this The word "this" refers to how a person should judge. - diff --git a/zec/07/10.md b/zec/07/10.md index bfbb398d31..576d5ab922 100644 --- a/zec/07/10.md +++ b/zec/07/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ someone who travels from his own land to a different land # let none of you plot any harm against another in your heart Here "heart" represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate translation: "you must not make plans to do evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/07/11.md b/zec/07/11.md index 9f2fde85c9..ec25c70c20 100644 --- a/zec/07/11.md +++ b/zec/07/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This is an image of an ox refusing to allow its owner to put a yoke on its shoul # They stopped up their ears so they would not hear This is an image of people putting something into their ears so they would not hear the message from Yahweh. This metaphor represents the people not being willing to hear and obey. Alternate translation: "They refused to listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/07/12.md b/zec/07/12.md index 81efb3b3bd..96e9350035 100644 --- a/zec/07/12.md +++ b/zec/07/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people refusing to hear and obey Yahweh are compared to their being as unyie # by the mouth of the prophets Here the "mouth of the prophets" is a metonym for the words that the prophets speak. Alternate translation: "through the words of the prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/07/13.md b/zec/07/13.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/07/13.md +++ b/zec/07/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/07/14.md b/zec/07/14.md index cb6a515618..d35130427a 100644 --- a/zec/07/14.md +++ b/zec/07/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a strong wind that spins very quickly as it moves and can cause damage # delightful land "pleasant land" or "fruitful land" - diff --git a/zec/07/intro.md b/zec/07/intro.md index 095928a144..72afd839be 100644 --- a/zec/07/intro.md +++ b/zec/07/intro.md @@ -1,19 +1,19 @@ # Zechariah 07 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter starts about two years after the previous chapter and is written in prose. +This chapter starts about two years after the previous chapter and is written in prose. Some translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of 7:4-14, which is an extended quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Fasting -This chapter discusses fasting. People were asking the same questions as those from previous generations. The Israelites were asking these same questions before they were exiled from their land. +### Fasting + +This chapter discusses fasting. People were asking the same questions as those from previous generations. The Israelites were asking these same questions before they were exiled from their land. ## Links: * __[Zechariah 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/08/01.md b/zec/08/01.md index 5e49d11d0d..c5d6bc8913 100644 --- a/zec/08/01.md +++ b/zec/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me, saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/02.md b/zec/08/02.md index d303855be9..8230396975 100644 --- a/zec/08/02.md +++ b/zec/08/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "Zion" represents the people of Zion. Alternate translation: "for the peopl # with great anger You may need to make explicit that this anger is against the enemies of Zion. Alternate translation: "with great anger against her enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/03.md b/zec/08/03.md index 7707aa3292..bed6f46cbf 100644 --- a/zec/08/03.md +++ b/zec/08/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the mountain of Yahweh of hosts The implied information is that this refers to Mount Zion, the location upon which the city of Jerusalem was built. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/04.md b/zec/08/04.md index 3b5167d81e..abef5518a9 100644 --- a/zec/08/04.md +++ b/zec/08/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # in his hand because he has grown so old People having the opportunity to grow old implies the city will be peaceful and prosperous for a long time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/05.md b/zec/08/05.md index df32f2f385..f608dfd503 100644 --- a/zec/08/05.md +++ b/zec/08/05.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The streets of the city will be full The public areas of the city will be full of people in their normal activities. - diff --git a/zec/08/06.md b/zec/08/06.md index 55b8a23b64..35c8ee0eb3 100644 --- a/zec/08/06.md +++ b/zec/08/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/07.md b/zec/08/07.md index 51c44c8e22..cc36c231d4 100644 --- a/zec/08/07.md +++ b/zec/08/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The implied information is that the people are in exile. "I am about to rescue m # from the land of the sunrise and from the land of the setting sun Possible meanings are 1) this is a poetic way of expressing specific countries to which the people were exiled. Alternate translation: "From the land to the east and from the land to the west" or 2) this is a merism that means from all directions. Alternate translation: "from all lands in every direction" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/08.md b/zec/08/08.md index 969cccdef7..d6135cb66c 100644 --- a/zec/08/08.md +++ b/zec/08/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will be their God in truth and in righteousness This can be rewritten to remove the abstract nouns "truth" and "righteousness." Alternate translation: "I will be their God. I will be faithful to them and act toward them in a just manner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/09.md b/zec/08/09.md index a59217cbd5..1e7681f89f 100644 --- a/zec/08/09.md +++ b/zec/08/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Strengthen your hands This is an idiom that means to be courageous for the work. Alternate translation: "Be strong and courageous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/10.md b/zec/08/10.md index 95350964fb..1481d6c6a1 100644 --- a/zec/08/10.md +++ b/zec/08/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This merism refers to all of life's activities everywhere that anyone went. (See # I had set every person each against his neighbor "I had turned everyone against each other" - diff --git a/zec/08/11.md b/zec/08/11.md index 8ff3e72744..8e913860d9 100644 --- a/zec/08/11.md +++ b/zec/08/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The implied information is that this is the remnant of the people who returned f # this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/12.md b/zec/08/12.md index b734941128..492f3d27b8 100644 --- a/zec/08/12.md +++ b/zec/08/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The earth and skies are spoken of as if they were persons giving what is needed. # inherit all these things "to have all these things" - diff --git a/zec/08/13.md b/zec/08/13.md index 566cc4348c..7bed28bee4 100644 --- a/zec/08/13.md +++ b/zec/08/13.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This is an idiom that means to be courageous for the work. Alternate translation # house of Judah and house of Israel The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdom of Judah. Alternate translation: "people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/14.md b/zec/08/14.md index 019d87e9e1..fd2fe7116b 100644 --- a/zec/08/14.md +++ b/zec/08/14.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # did not relent "did not decide to punish them less" - diff --git a/zec/08/15.md b/zec/08/15.md index b4b2e393ea..c4a52d559d 100644 --- a/zec/08/15.md +++ b/zec/08/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jerusalem This is a metonym for the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/16.md b/zec/08/16.md index e22828b98a..d7f03499b3 100644 --- a/zec/08/16.md +++ b/zec/08/16.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "truth," "justice," and "peace # in your gates The assumed knowledge is that this refers to the places where judgment took place. Alternate translation: "in your places of judgment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/17.md b/zec/08/17.md index a9b74bf920..5c4ab10ecd 100644 --- a/zec/08/17.md +++ b/zec/08/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/18.md b/zec/08/18.md index 855bed9802..667ab20a39 100644 --- a/zec/08/18.md +++ b/zec/08/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translat # came to me Here "me" refers to Zechariah. - diff --git a/zec/08/19.md b/zec/08/19.md index 2d486f3a8b..9c3db58c7f 100644 --- a/zec/08/19.md +++ b/zec/08/19.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # love truth and peace The abstract nouns "truth" and "peace" can be translated using adjectives. Alternate translation: "love what is truthful and peaceful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/20.md b/zec/08/20.md index 2c820270ff..f7f3fd6acb 100644 --- a/zec/08/20.md +++ b/zec/08/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # People will come again The implied information is that Jerusalem is where the people will come. Alternate translation: "People will come again to Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/21.md b/zec/08/21.md index 6e3a767105..14cbbfcd11 100644 --- a/zec/08/21.md +++ b/zec/08/21.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "face" is a metonym for Yahweh's presence. See how you translated this in [ # seek Yahweh of hosts Those who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are literally seeking to find Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/22.md b/zec/08/22.md index fcfe643471..006eacbe31 100644 --- a/zec/08/22.md +++ b/zec/08/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # mighty nations This is a metonym for the people in the mighty nations. Alternate translation: "people of mighty nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/08/23.md b/zec/08/23.md index 4de5f86ea0..ef2ce2c657 100644 --- a/zec/08/23.md +++ b/zec/08/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The implied information is that people of God are going to Jerusalem. Alternate # God is with you "God is with you people" - diff --git a/zec/08/intro.md b/zec/08/intro.md index 5468936f0a..bb543676d1 100644 --- a/zec/08/intro.md +++ b/zec/08/intro.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Zechariah 08 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is a series of sayings from Yahweh of hosts. Each saying is an encouraging note for those returning from the exile to the land of Judah and Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahwehofhosts]]) @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This chapter is a series of sayings from Yahweh of hosts. Each saying is an enco * __[Zechariah 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/09/01.md b/zec/09/01.md index 0297bc61a8..77d6aa41cb 100644 --- a/zec/09/01.md +++ b/zec/09/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Some versions translate this as "for Yahweh's eye is on all mankind and on the t # the eyes of all humanity and all the tribes of Israel are toward Yahweh Here "eyes" refers to what they look at. Alternate translation: "all humanity and all the tribes of Israel look toward Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/02.md b/zec/09/02.md index 8bf87fa935..3e31a676f8 100644 --- a/zec/09/02.md +++ b/zec/09/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the people who live in those cities. Alternate translation: "the # for they are very wise Possible meanings are 1) the people are wise for looking at Yahweh for help or 2) Zechariah did not really mean that the people of Hamath were wise and was using irony. Alternate translation: "though they think they are very wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/03.md b/zec/09/03.md index 8b2698fa3e..3dc3e584d6 100644 --- a/zec/09/03.md +++ b/zec/09/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here the city of Tyre is pictured as a woman. Alternate translation: "built a st # heaped up silver like dust and refined gold like mud in the streets Yahweh exaggerates to emphasize how rich Tyre was. Alternate translation: "accumulated silver and gold as much as soil in the streets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/04.md b/zec/09/04.md index a832187896..d15712115a 100644 --- a/zec/09/04.md +++ b/zec/09/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Tyre's "strength on the sea" refers to the ships that were used for commerce and # so she will be devoured by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and enemies will burn the city to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/05.md b/zec/09/05.md index ee8305c991..f4e14dd317 100644 --- a/zec/09/05.md +++ b/zec/09/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These cities each refer to the people who live in them. Alternate translation: " # will see "will see Tyre be destroyed" - diff --git a/zec/09/06.md b/zec/09/06.md index 6cb96c61d9..c4a57e72f2 100644 --- a/zec/09/06.md +++ b/zec/09/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # I will cut off the pride of the Philistines Here "cut off" is an idiom that means to stop their pride. Alternate translation: "I will make the Philistines to be proud of themselves no longer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/07.md b/zec/09/07.md index cd68e3fed3..31473e3cde 100644 --- a/zec/09/07.md +++ b/zec/09/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I will remove their blood from their mouths and their abominations from between their teeth Here "blood" is a metonym for meat with blood in it, and "abominations" is a metonym for meat offered to idols. Alternate translation: "I will no longer allow them to eat meat that still has blood in it, and I will forbid them to eat food that they offered to idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/08.md b/zec/09/08.md index 0caf139019..b6b0b280d7 100644 --- a/zec/09/08.md +++ b/zec/09/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ God is speaking about himself as if he were an army that was protecting his land # I see with my own eyes Here "my own eyes" represent Yahweh's personal attention. Alternate translation: "I will personally watch over my land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/09.md b/zec/09/09.md index 584ed9561c..a371a5d83e 100644 --- a/zec/09/09.md +++ b/zec/09/09.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Some modern translations read, "He is righteous and is coming to save you." # on a donkey, on the colt of a donkey These two phrases mean basically the same thing and refer to one animal. The second phrase clarifies that this is a young donkey. Alternate translation: "on a young donkey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/10.md b/zec/09/10.md index f08df5ccc9..b83c5b5187 100644 --- a/zec/09/10.md +++ b/zec/09/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The phrases "sea to sea" and "from the River to the ends of the earth" mean the # the River This probably refers to the Euphrates River. - diff --git a/zec/09/11.md b/zec/09/11.md index 3d287fc79c..276e67795e 100644 --- a/zec/09/11.md +++ b/zec/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "you" is singular, and continues to refer to the city of Jerusalem, also ca # the pit where there is no water This dry pit represents the exile in Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/12.md b/zec/09/12.md index cb16a3ca44..6fbcfcdc51 100644 --- a/zec/09/12.md +++ b/zec/09/12.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This expression refers to the Israelites in exile who were still trusting in God # return double to you "return to you twice as much as was taken from you" - diff --git a/zec/09/13.md b/zec/09/13.md index 92af5f2137..fd2d0b3e18 100644 --- a/zec/09/13.md +++ b/zec/09/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Yahweh speaks of the people of Israel, the northern kingdom, as if they were arr # I have roused your sons, Zion, against your sons, Greece God is speaking to the people of two different nations at the same time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/14.md b/zec/09/14.md index ee27034d81..a88094c40a 100644 --- a/zec/09/14.md +++ b/zec/09/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ People blew into rams' horns to give signals in battle and on other occasions. H # will advance with the storms from Teman Team was located to the south of Judah. The Israelites sometimes thought of God as traveling on violent storms coming from the south. Alternate translation: "will march from Teman with the storm winds" - diff --git a/zec/09/15.md b/zec/09/15.md index eb4f078ffa..0ab6937e02 100644 --- a/zec/09/15.md +++ b/zec/09/15.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ This probably refers to the bowls that the priests used to carry animal's blood # like the corners of the altar Altars had projecting corners that were drenched in animal blood. Alternate translation: "they will be drenched as the corners of the altar are covered in blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/16.md b/zec/09/16.md index 9d2d9d7418..aa79f5e856 100644 --- a/zec/09/16.md +++ b/zec/09/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The people of Israel are spoken of as if they are God's sheep that he cares for # They are the jewels of a crown The people of Israel are spoken of as if they were the expensive jewels in the crown of a king that show how glorious he is. Alternate translation: "They will be like beautiful stones in a crown" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/17.md b/zec/09/17.md index 897718e3c4..81c8205d9b 100644 --- a/zec/09/17.md +++ b/zec/09/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases are parallel and together represent the entire population of I # grain ... sweet wine These two phrases are parallel and together represent all of the different kinds of the food and drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/zec/09/intro.md b/zec/09/intro.md index 75cb1f4c92..37db1c9c03 100644 --- a/zec/09/intro.md +++ b/zec/09/intro.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ # Zechariah 09 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is written mainly in prose about the cities and peoples around where Israel stood as a country until the exile. +This chapter is written mainly in prose about the cities and peoples around where Israel stood as a country until the exile. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 9:9-10. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Prophecies against other nations -#### Prophecies against other nations The first two verses show that the prophecy concerns neighboring countries. Hamath, Damscus, Tyre and Sidon are cities in areas that were near Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) ## Links: @@ -16,4 +17,3 @@ The first two verses show that the prophecy concerns neighboring countries. Hama * __[Zechariah 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/10/01.md b/zec/10/01.md index 2c845abda4..771b44dcd5 100644 --- a/zec/10/01.md +++ b/zec/10/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Zechariah continues speaking to the people of Israel. # vegetation in the field "causes plants to grow in the field" - diff --git a/zec/10/02.md b/zec/10/02.md index 0379acfc97..cc6f57b864 100644 --- a/zec/10/02.md +++ b/zec/10/02.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The people who do not have true prophets who tell the truth are spoken of as she # they ... suffer because there is no shepherd The people who do not have true prophets are spoken of as sheep who suffer because they do not have a shepherd to tell them where to go. Alternate translation: "the people who listen to the false prophets ... are suffering like sheep who do not have a shepherd to guide them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/zec/10/03.md b/zec/10/03.md index 3bbda291ab..6f11a0aaeb 100644 --- a/zec/10/03.md +++ b/zec/10/03.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # make them like his warhorse in battle Yahweh changes the metaphor for his people from defenseless sheep to a mighty war horse. He speaks of his people as if they were a strong horse in battle. Alternate translation: "will cause them to be strong like war horses in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/zec/10/04.md b/zec/10/04.md index 979ed7d99f..759ca9786a 100644 --- a/zec/10/04.md +++ b/zec/10/04.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Possible meanings for these three things are 1) they may be symbolic language th # from him will come every ruler together "every ruler will come from Judah" - diff --git a/zec/10/05.md b/zec/10/05.md index 9cb3b8399f..f527776424 100644 --- a/zec/10/05.md +++ b/zec/10/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "with them" is an idiom that means he is present to help them. Alternate tr # they will shame those who ride warhorses Here shame accompanies and represents defeat. Alternate translation: "they will defeat their enemies who ride warhorses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/10/06.md b/zec/10/06.md index 60698a135d..e6247fcc1e 100644 --- a/zec/10/06.md +++ b/zec/10/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this ca # the house of Joseph The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/10/07.md b/zec/10/07.md index ffc1c58f50..be803c5aae 100644 --- a/zec/10/07.md +++ b/zec/10/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "hearts" refers to the whole person. They will have the same joy as a perso # their children will see and rejoice. Their hearts will rejoice in me! "their children will see what has taken place and will be happy because of what Yahweh has done for them!" - diff --git a/zec/10/08.md b/zec/10/08.md index 3e4c6aa5f5..af62b04c61 100644 --- a/zec/10/08.md +++ b/zec/10/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 6-12, Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel. # I will whistle To whistle is to produce a high, shrill sound with air through narrowed lips. It is often done to give a signal to other people, as here. - diff --git a/zec/10/09.md b/zec/10/09.md index 8409fd6f91..bd8b9e59ad 100644 --- a/zec/10/09.md +++ b/zec/10/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I sowed them among the peoples The exile of the people is spoken of as if they were seed that Yahweh had planted in a distant land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/10/10.md b/zec/10/10.md index 496e6545f8..2f89eb9024 100644 --- a/zec/10/10.md +++ b/zec/10/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # until there is no more room for them The people will continue to go back to Judah and it will become crowded with no room for any more people to live there. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "and they will completely fill the land" - diff --git a/zec/10/11.md b/zec/10/11.md index 6dade4a917..f4aaa51ccc 100644 --- a/zec/10/11.md +++ b/zec/10/11.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ Here "the majesty of Assyria" probably refers to the Assyrian army. Alternate tr # the scepter of Egypt will go away from the Egyptians Here "the scepter of Egypt" refers to the political power of Egypt. Alternate translation: "the power of Egypt to rule other nations will end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/10/12.md b/zec/10/12.md index 0c0629ccc3..ae0652ee30 100644 --- a/zec/10/12.md +++ b/zec/10/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/zec/10/intro.md b/zec/10/intro.md index 6de7e27c87..a4943d86a7 100644 --- a/zec/10/intro.md +++ b/zec/10/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ # Zechariah 10 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is written mainly in prose but still uses figurative language as the writer shares a message of redemption and hope for the exiles. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]]) Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 10:1-2. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Redemption -#### Redemption This book, and especially this chapter, uses the concepts of redemption and remnant to share the relationship that the people of Judah have with their God. So many of the people of Israel perished as their kingdom went into exile. Now they are returning to the land, but the land is no longer theirs. They are living under foreign rule. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]]) + ## Links: * __[Zechariah 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/11/01.md b/zec/11/01.md index 8a0a54e56c..421f942129 100644 --- a/zec/11/01.md +++ b/zec/11/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Not resisting what is about to happen is spoken of as if Lebanon were opening it # fire may devour your cedars Fire completely burning up the cedars is spoken of as if the fire would devour the cedars. Alternate translation: "fire may completely destroy your cedars" or "fire may completely burn up your cedars" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/02.md b/zec/11/02.md index 1a645c7559..31345139a1 100644 --- a/zec/11/02.md +++ b/zec/11/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The oaks of Bash are spoken of as if they could grieve like a human. Alternate t # impenetrable forest a forest in which plants grow so close together that people cannot pass between them - diff --git a/zec/11/03.md b/zec/11/03.md index e66130732a..a2a4a3cf80 100644 --- a/zec/11/03.md +++ b/zec/11/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "their glory" probably represents the rich pastures that the shepherds led # for the pride of the Jordan River has been devastated Here "the pride" probably represents the forests that grew near the Jordan River. Alternate translation: "because the trees and shrubbery where they lived by the Jordan River are ruined" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/04.md b/zec/11/04.md index 05cdfa86eb..0b70b8c214 100644 --- a/zec/11/04.md +++ b/zec/11/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In 11:4-17 is a story about two shepherds. Possible meanings are 1) Zechariah ac # watch over the flock set aside for slaughter "take care of a flock of sheep that the owners plan to slaughter" - diff --git a/zec/11/05.md b/zec/11/05.md index 1f4c87ca14..e24d4a3d2e 100644 --- a/zec/11/05.md +++ b/zec/11/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The inhabitants of the land do not consider "those who buy them" guilty, but Yah # guilty You may need to make explicit that Yahweh considers them guilty of murder. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/06.md b/zec/11/06.md index ce51a34682..645638c2eb 100644 --- a/zec/11/06.md +++ b/zec/11/06.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "allow the peopl # none of them will I deliver them from their hand Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "I will not save them from those who are harming them" or "I will not rescue them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/07.md b/zec/11/07.md index 11b5755f23..f6a3f92dd7 100644 --- a/zec/11/07.md +++ b/zec/11/07.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # Favor Other versions of the Bible translate this word as "grace," "beauty," or "pleasant." - diff --git a/zec/11/08.md b/zec/11/08.md index d44abdc250..55eb2e2ec8 100644 --- a/zec/11/08.md +++ b/zec/11/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # I became impatient with them, Possible meanings are 1) "them" refers to the three shepherds or 2) "them" refers to the sheep owners. - diff --git a/zec/11/09.md b/zec/11/09.md index d3c3e0f143..f5b6286cb2 100644 --- a/zec/11/09.md +++ b/zec/11/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # the sheep that are being destroyed—let them be destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sheep that are perishing—let them perish" or "the sheep that are to wander and get lost—let them get lost" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/10.md b/zec/11/10.md index 6ebd921bed..62932284ad 100644 --- a/zec/11/10.md +++ b/zec/11/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # all the peoples "all the nations." Some modern translations read "all the people," referring to the people of Israel. - diff --git a/zec/11/11.md b/zec/11/11.md index a667de554b..dd52646c84 100644 --- a/zec/11/11.md +++ b/zec/11/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the covenant ended" ( # knew that Yahweh had spoken It is implied that those watching knew Yahweh was giving them a message through the breaking of the staff. Alternate translation: "knew that Yahweh had given them a message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/12.md b/zec/11/12.md index f6809d177a..64abdb477e 100644 --- a/zec/11/12.md +++ b/zec/11/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ It is implied that this was very little pay for the shepherd. Alternate translat # thirty pieces "30 pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/13.md b/zec/11/13.md index b5d072ffd0..6a7744950c 100644 --- a/zec/11/13.md +++ b/zec/11/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This is the place in the temple of Yahweh where the priests kept the money. Many # the excellent price Yahweh uses irony to say that this price was very small for a shepherd doing Yahweh's work. Alternate translation: "the ridiculously small amount of money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/14.md b/zec/11/14.md index 0563cfbaa2..1bf30381fb 100644 --- a/zec/11/14.md +++ b/zec/11/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # between Judah and Israel Here "Judah" represents the people of the southern kingdom and "Israel" represents the people of the northern kingdom. Alternate translation: "between the people of Judah and the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/15.md b/zec/11/15.md index 59cad4c863..84daa4ccfa 100644 --- a/zec/11/15.md +++ b/zec/11/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This continues the story about two shepherds that began in [Zechariah 11:4](../11/04.md). Possible meanings are 1) Zechariah actually became a shepherd over a flock as a symbolic act showing how Yahweh will treat his people or 2) Zechariah tells a parable that teaches how Yahweh will treat his people. Since it is uncertain which of these meanings is correct, it would be best not to specify either option in the translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parables]]) - diff --git a/zec/11/16.md b/zec/11/16.md index 47f758f7ea..7d72c2f198 100644 --- a/zec/11/16.md +++ b/zec/11/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "set in place" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "I am about to appoint a # will tear off their hooves This was probably done as an act of cruelty. - diff --git a/zec/11/17.md b/zec/11/17.md index ae682e17bb..ba25b3eb4c 100644 --- a/zec/11/17.md +++ b/zec/11/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ A soldier would use his right eye to look around the shield that he held with hi # his arm wither away "his arm waste away" or "his arm become completely useless" - diff --git a/zec/11/intro.md b/zec/11/intro.md index 7e9ddf39fa..5740a33d4e 100644 --- a/zec/11/intro.md +++ b/zec/11/intro.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ # Zechariah 11 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter unlike the previous one is a warning against the leaders amongst the exiles. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 11:1-3, 17. -### Important figures of speech in this chapter +## Important figures of speech in this chapter + +### Metaphor -#### Metaphor This chapter uses an extended metaphor of sheep and shepherds to represent Yahweh's dismay at the leaders during the exiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) -#### Symbolism +### Symbolism + The writer uses symbolism. Zechariah is told to become a shepherd. He uses two staffs and names them "Unity" and "Favor." He does this very purposefully. In order to preserve this symbolism, it is important to pay attention to the specific words used. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) ## Links: @@ -19,4 +21,3 @@ The writer uses symbolism. Zechariah is told to become a shepherd. He uses two s * __[Zechariah 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/12/01.md b/zec/12/01.md index 86014ec5ae..3b868bffdb 100644 --- a/zec/12/01.md +++ b/zec/12/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is a metaphor that speaks of the earth as if it were a building with a foun # fashions the spirit of mankind within man This is a metaphor that speaks of the spirit as if it were like clay that a potter shapes. Alternate translation: "creates the human spirit" - diff --git a/zec/12/02.md b/zec/12/02.md index 7f233230dc..8e76710b05 100644 --- a/zec/12/02.md +++ b/zec/12/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "cup" represents the cup and the contents within the cup. Alternate transla # surrounding her Here "her" refers to the city of Jerusalem. It was common in Hebrew to speak of a city or country as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]]) - diff --git a/zec/12/03.md b/zec/12/03.md index 0a00c9b1f4..e08178580d 100644 --- a/zec/12/03.md +++ b/zec/12/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Yahweh using Jerusalem to punish the surrounding peoples is spoken of as if he w # burdensome stone ... carry Some modern translations read, "stone that cannot be moved ... move." - diff --git a/zec/12/04.md b/zec/12/04.md index 726a07650a..7a96a233bf 100644 --- a/zec/12/04.md +++ b/zec/12/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Opening eyes over someone here is a metaphor for wanting to do good things for t # the house of Judah Here "house" represents people. Alternate translation: "the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/12/05.md b/zec/12/05.md index f4da35d364..bb57b6b083 100644 --- a/zec/12/05.md +++ b/zec/12/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "strength" can be stated as "strong" or "encourage." Alternate # Yahweh of hosts, their God "Yahweh of hosts, the God they worship" - diff --git a/zec/12/06.md b/zec/12/06.md index 510194ba21..db15122caf 100644 --- a/zec/12/06.md +++ b/zec/12/06.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "right" and "left" represent every direction. Alternate translation: "in ev # Jerusalem will again live in her own place Here "Jerusalem" represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: "The people of Jerusalem will again live in their own city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/12/07.md b/zec/12/07.md index d4bfd6e713..32950c39a5 100644 --- a/zec/12/07.md +++ b/zec/12/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "tents" represents homes, and homes represent the people who live in them. # the house of David Possible meanings are 1) the descendants of David or 2) the ruling class of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/12/08.md b/zec/12/08.md index d244ebe8d9..ad85bebef6 100644 --- a/zec/12/08.md +++ b/zec/12/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This simile means those who are weak will be strong. Alternate translation: "tho # the angel of Yahweh This is an angel sent by Yahweh to protect the people. - diff --git a/zec/12/09.md b/zec/12/09.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/12/09.md +++ b/zec/12/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/12/10.md b/zec/12/10.md index 333b8ecdb3..c6b282b08b 100644 --- a/zec/12/10.md +++ b/zec/12/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate translation: "the descendants of # for an only son It is understood that the "son" has died. Alternate translation: "for an only son who has died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/12/11.md b/zec/12/11.md index d35357283f..7b2c4be375 100644 --- a/zec/12/11.md +++ b/zec/12/11.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Hadad Rimmon may have been the place where the good King Josiah died of battle w # Megiddo This is the name of a plain in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]]) - diff --git a/zec/12/12.md b/zec/12/12.md index 131129eb8a..e0b8f21500 100644 --- a/zec/12/12.md +++ b/zec/12/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This represents all the people living in the land of Judah. Alternate translatio # The clan of the house of David ... The clan of the house of Nathan Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate translation: "The descendants of David ... The descendants of Nathan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/12/13.md b/zec/12/13.md index 75e3145a6e..b1e3a8861b 100644 --- a/zec/12/13.md +++ b/zec/12/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # The clan of the house of Levi Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate translation: "The descendants of Levi" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/12/14.md b/zec/12/14.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/12/14.md +++ b/zec/12/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/12/intro.md b/zec/12/intro.md index dc99de3ff3..1d4e712e5d 100644 --- a/zec/12/intro.md +++ b/zec/12/intro.md @@ -1,16 +1,17 @@ # Zechariah 12 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Similar to chapter 11, this chapter is written mainly in prose and is talking about Jerusalem. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Prophecy -#### Prophecy Verses 10-11 are quoted in the New Testament and apply to Jesus's death on the cross. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/cross]]) + ## Links: * __[Zechariah 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/13/01.md b/zec/13/01.md index 5e1482ab3a..1c0e1df11e 100644 --- a/zec/13/01.md +++ b/zec/13/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ a place where water flows naturally out of the ground # the house of David Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate translation: "the descendants of David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/13/02.md b/zec/13/02.md index a2a5f159c9..d2ab137fca 100644 --- a/zec/13/02.md +++ b/zec/13/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The prophets may refer to "false prophets." The spirit of impurity is spoken of # spirit of uncleanness Some modern translations read, "unclean spirit," taking the phrase "of uncleanness" as a description of the word "spirit." - diff --git a/zec/13/03.md b/zec/13/03.md index c75769a24c..00cf8de5cc 100644 --- a/zec/13/03.md +++ b/zec/13/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Speaking in the name of someone means speaking with his power and authority, or # will pierce "will stab and kill him" - diff --git a/zec/13/04.md b/zec/13/04.md index 692dd3fb18..382137d059 100644 --- a/zec/13/04.md +++ b/zec/13/04.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This implies false prophets. Alternate translation: "every false prophet" (See: # no longer wear a hairy cloak Prophets often wore heavy outer garments made of animal hair. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/13/05.md b/zec/13/05.md index 64e91db768..22c11dba2e 100644 --- a/zec/13/05.md +++ b/zec/13/05.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # the land became my work while I was still a young man "I became a farmer when I was young." Some versions of the Bible translate this as "a man sold me as a slave when I was young." - diff --git a/zec/13/06.md b/zec/13/06.md index abbba0d8c5..6945de5b5d 100644 --- a/zec/13/06.md +++ b/zec/13/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # he will answer It is implied that his answer is a lie. Alternate translation: "he will lie to him saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/13/07.md b/zec/13/07.md index c4fdb06441..f02cae7dd6 100644 --- a/zec/13/07.md +++ b/zec/13/07.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The idiom "turn my hand against" means to act hostile towards someone. Alternate # the lowly ones This probably refers to all the Israelites who are weak and defenseless. - diff --git a/zec/13/08.md b/zec/13/08.md index 963682540c..e0c5b952fe 100644 --- a/zec/13/08.md +++ b/zec/13/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # that two-thirds of it will be cut off! Those people will perish; only one-third will remain there People being killed is spoken of as if they are cut off like cloth is cut from a garment or a branch is cut from a plant. Alternate translation: "that two out of every three people will die! Only one person out of three will remain in the land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction]]) - diff --git a/zec/13/09.md b/zec/13/09.md index c03f0f6bcb..1d4f132e95 100644 --- a/zec/13/09.md +++ b/zec/13/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Refining refers to making precious metals such as silver more pure. Metals such # They will call on my name Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "They will call out to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/13/intro.md b/zec/13/intro.md index 717fdbe6a0..0404d9e924 100644 --- a/zec/13/intro.md +++ b/zec/13/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Zechariah 13 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting -This chapter is written partly in prose and partly in poetry. +This chapter is written partly in prose and partly in poetry. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 13:7-9. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter Zechariah often speaks of the last days by using the phrase "that day" or "in that day." When referencing a future "day," the translator should be aware that it is possible that the author is speaking about the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ Zechariah often speaks of the last days by using the phrase "that day" or "in th * __[Zechariah 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zec/14/01.md b/zec/14/01.md index 35a16159cc..ec0fd866d5 100644 --- a/zec/14/01.md +++ b/zec/14/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ This chapter describes the final war for the city of Jerusalem and how God will # A day for Yahweh is coming when your plunder will be divided in your midst A future time is spoken of as if "a day is coming." The phrase "will be divided" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Soon Yahweh will judge you, and he will allow your enemies to take all of your possessions and divide if for themselves while you watch" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/02.md b/zec/14/02.md index 8132e6f843..c35d0eb2c4 100644 --- a/zec/14/02.md +++ b/zec/14/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Enemies will plunder # the remainder of the people will not be cut off from the city Not removing people from the city is spoken of as if the people will not be "cut off." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "your enemies will allow the remaining people to stay in the city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/03.md b/zec/14/03.md index a331326dd0..b38d8fe68a 100644 --- a/zec/14/03.md +++ b/zec/14/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the description of the final war for the city of Jerusalem # as when he makes war on the day of battle "just as he fought battles in the past" - diff --git a/zec/14/04.md b/zec/14/04.md index f9df8acc48..9f632f7b2d 100644 --- a/zec/14/04.md +++ b/zec/14/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "feet" represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: "he will stand on the Moun # The Mount of Olives will be split ... by a very great valley This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The presences of Yahweh will split the Mount of Olives ... causing there to be a very great valley" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/05.md b/zec/14/05.md index 178de47864..8e26c4c0ec 100644 --- a/zec/14/05.md +++ b/zec/14/05.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ Here "in the days" is an idiom that refers to the time when Uzziah was king. Alt # the holy ones This probably refers to God's angels. - diff --git a/zec/14/06.md b/zec/14/06.md index 6edcf5fffd..37eec2b6ed 100644 --- a/zec/14/06.md +++ b/zec/14/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ These verses continue the description of the final war for the city of Jerusalem # there will be no light It is implied that there will be no light from the sun. Alternate translation: "there will be no light from the sun" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/07.md b/zec/14/07.md index 69afd5a314..1f70b08310 100644 --- a/zec/14/07.md +++ b/zec/14/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # a day known only to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "only Yahweh knows when that day will begin" or "only Yahweh knows when that time will begin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/08.md b/zec/14/08.md index 0d7fb4d9ec..d3301ca295 100644 --- a/zec/14/08.md +++ b/zec/14/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to the Dead Sea, which is east of Jerusalem. # the western sea This refers to the Mediterranean Sea. - diff --git a/zec/14/09.md b/zec/14/09.md index d41fd8f23e..73d4b7ada1 100644 --- a/zec/14/09.md +++ b/zec/14/09.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the description of the final war for the city of Jerusalem # there will be Yahweh, the one God, and his name alone Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation or character. Alternate translation: "people will know that Yahweh is the only true God" or "people will only worship Yahweh, the one true God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/10.md b/zec/14/10.md index cd6d688fd5..a121f4d525 100644 --- a/zec/14/10.md +++ b/zec/14/10.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This refers to a strong point in the city defenses on the northern wall. It was # the king's winepresses This probably refers to the place where wine was made for the royal family. It was located in the southwest part of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/11.md b/zec/14/11.md index cf02efc345..437f4324a5 100644 --- a/zec/14/11.md +++ b/zec/14/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # Jerusalem will live in safety Here "Jerusalem" represents the people. Alternate translation: "The people will live safely in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/12.md b/zec/14/12.md index b14b91d083..6af0467028 100644 --- a/zec/14/12.md +++ b/zec/14/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These verses continue the description of the final war for the city of Jerusalem # even as they are standing on their feet "while they are still standing up." This emphasizes how quickly their flesh will rot away. They will not even have time to lie down. - diff --git a/zec/14/13.md b/zec/14/13.md index d3d93bcbb2..1a4ef1aeba 100644 --- a/zec/14/13.md +++ b/zec/14/13.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The abstract noun "panic" can be stated as "terrified." Alternate translation: " # Each one will seize the hand of another, and the hand of one will be raised up against the hand of another These are idioms that refer to being hostile towards another person. Alternate translation: "Each person will grab someone, and they will fight each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/14.md b/zec/14/14.md index 0ddbd32343..a4415a2e89 100644 --- a/zec/14/14.md +++ b/zec/14/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Some versions of the Bible read, "Judah will also make war at Jerusalem." # in great abundance "in great quantities" - diff --git a/zec/14/15.md b/zec/14/15.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/14/15.md +++ b/zec/14/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/14/16.md b/zec/14/16.md index e65134c895..4c9075bcca 100644 --- a/zec/14/16.md +++ b/zec/14/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "came against" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "that attacked Jerusalem # the Festival of Shelters "the Festival of Tabernacles" or "the Festival of Booths" or "the Festival of Tents" - diff --git a/zec/14/17.md b/zec/14/17.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zec/14/17.md +++ b/zec/14/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zec/14/18.md b/zec/14/18.md index 04172ab434..760487a21b 100644 --- a/zec/14/18.md +++ b/zec/14/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # A plague from Yahweh will attack the nations Causing people to suffer from a plague is spoken of as if the plague would attack the people like an army. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will cause a plague among the people of the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/19.md b/zec/14/19.md index 51a6244b19..64009cbfaa 100644 --- a/zec/14/19.md +++ b/zec/14/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: These verses continue the description of the final war for the city of Jerusalem and of how God will save her. - diff --git a/zec/14/20.md b/zec/14/20.md index 501d8ae557..0538e748ca 100644 --- a/zec/14/20.md +++ b/zec/14/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These basins were used for boiling meat in the courtyard of the temple. Alternat # will be like the bowls before the altar It is implied that the basins will be sacred like the bowls used for catching the blood of the sacrifices. Alternate translation: "will be as sacred as the bowls used at the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zec/14/21.md b/zec/14/21.md index 9ae4320944..beebbfdebe 100644 --- a/zec/14/21.md +++ b/zec/14/21.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ It was the custom for traders to sell the people things they needed in order to # traders Some versions of the Bible translate "traders" as "Canaanites." - diff --git a/zec/14/intro.md b/zec/14/intro.md index f1ad270fd5..e2ec8508dd 100644 --- a/zec/14/intro.md +++ b/zec/14/intro.md @@ -1,18 +1,17 @@ # Zechariah 14 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting This chapter is written in prose about Jerusalem during the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter -#### Last days +### Last days -Zechariah often speaks of the last days by using the phrase "that day" or "in that day." When referencing a future "day," the translator should be aware that it is possible that the author is speaking about the last days. +Zechariah often speaks of the last days by using the phrase "that day" or "in that day." When referencing a future "day," the translator should be aware that it is possible that the author is speaking about the last days. ## Links: * __[Zechariah 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../13/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/zec/front/intro.md b/zec/front/intro.md index aa1e206d5d..d7d9fa4666 100644 --- a/zec/front/intro.md +++ b/zec/front/intro.md @@ -6,22 +6,25 @@ 1. Zechariah calls the returning nation of Israel to repent and return to Yahweh (1:1–6) 1. The eight night visions (1:7-6:8) - - Yahweh sends his messengers throughout the whole earth (1:7–17) - - Four horns and four craftsmen (1:18–21) - - The measuring line (2:1–13) - - The priest in filthy clothes (3:1–10) - - The golden lampstand olive trees (4:1–14) - - The flying scroll (5:1–4) - - The woman in a basket (5:5–11) - - Four chariots (6:1–8) + + - Yahweh sends his messengers throughout the whole earth (1:7–17) + - Four horns and four craftsmen (1:18–21) + - The measuring line (2:1–13) + - The priest in filthy clothes (3:1–10) + - The golden lampstand olive trees (4:1–14) + - The flying scroll (5:1–4) + - The woman in a basket (5:5–11) + - Four chariots (6:1–8) + 1. A crown for the high priest (6:9–15) 1. Questions about fasting (7:1–8:23) 1. Yahweh judges the nations and saves his people (9:1–11:17) -1. Final message (12:1-14:21) - - Yahweh will finally defeat Israel's enemies (12:1-9) - - Israel mourns for the one they pierced (12:10-14) - - Yahweh purifies Israel and removes false prophets (13:1-6) - - Yahweh comes as king (14:1–21) +1. Final message (12:1-14:21) + + - Yahweh will finally defeat Israel's enemies (12:1-9) + - Israel mourns for the one they pierced (12:10-14) + - Yahweh purifies Israel and removes false prophets (13:1-6) + - Yahweh comes as king (14:1–21) ### What is the Book of Zechariah about? @@ -54,4 +57,3 @@ Zechariah presented the Messiah as both a king and a shepherd. Zechariah said th ### What does the phrase "that day" mean? Zechariah often spoke of the last days by using the phrase "that day" or "in that day." When referring to a future "day," the translator should be aware that the author may be speaking about the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/01.md b/zep/01/01.md index b0d077b924..ff216beff2 100644 --- a/zep/01/01.md +++ b/zep/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See # son of Gedaliah son of Amariah son of Hezekiah This is a list of Zephaniah's ancestors. These usages of "son of" are the broader sense of "descendant of." Here "Hezekiah" refers to King Hezekiah. These things can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the grandson of Gedaliah, and the great-grandson of Amariah, whose father was King Hezekiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/02.md b/zep/01/02.md index ccc3315551..6adbcafaa7 100644 --- a/zep/01/02.md +++ b/zep/01/02.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The words "everything" and "will cut off man" are deliberate exaggerations by Ya # this is Yahweh's declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/03.md b/zep/01/03.md index 0447d5dd51..b6fdbc5dbf 100644 --- a/zep/01/03.md +++ b/zep/01/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) the piles of rubble that will remain after the judgment # cut off Destroying is spoken of as if it were cutting something off from what it was a part of. Alternate translation: "destroy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/04.md b/zep/01/04.md index 93d7b3d3d8..637a1fc612 100644 --- a/zep/01/04.md +++ b/zep/01/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Destroying is spoken of as if it were cutting something off from what it was a p # cut off ... the names of the idolatrous people among the priests Here "cut off ... the names" is an idiom that means to cause people to forget them. Alternate translation: "cause everyone ... to forget the priests who are idolatrous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/05.md b/zep/01/05.md index 14fefd0f0f..c801f8dc35 100644 --- a/zep/01/05.md +++ b/zep/01/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ See the footnote about the possible rendering of this as "by Milcom." # worship the heavenly bodies "worship the sun, moon, and stars" - diff --git a/zep/01/06.md b/zep/01/06.md index 3c10b11403..ca35105921 100644 --- a/zep/01/06.md +++ b/zep/01/06.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ # neither seek Yahweh nor ask for his guidance Seeking Yahweh represents either 1) asking God for help or 2) thinking about God and obeying him. Alternate translation: "do not think about Yahweh or ask him to guide them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/07.md b/zep/01/07.md index 1dab7e39d8..f9a367c473 100644 --- a/zep/01/07.md +++ b/zep/01/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The people of Judah are spoken of as Yahweh's sacrifice, and the enemy nations a # set apart his guests Here "set apart" is an idiom that means he has invited them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/08.md b/zep/01/08.md index dcdd8f8f18..1d723b1454 100644 --- a/zep/01/08.md +++ b/zep/01/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This phrase is used to mark the point at which Yahweh's judgment of Judah will b # everyone dressed in foreign clothes This phrase suggests that the Israelites wore clothes similar to the foreigners to show sympathy to their customs and to the worship of their foreign gods. Alternate translation: "everyone who worships foreign gods" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/09.md b/zep/01/09.md index 0f0994948a..119db67926 100644 --- a/zep/01/09.md +++ b/zep/01/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is a reference to people who did not step on thres # fill their master's house with violence and deceit The abstract nouns "violence" and "deceit" can be stated as actions. Alternate translation: "those who do violent things and tell lies in the temples of their gods" - diff --git a/zep/01/10.md b/zep/01/10.md index 2ab15e9a1f..4ea01a9ffd 100644 --- a/zep/01/10.md +++ b/zep/01/10.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ This refers to the sound of buildings collapsing. This can be stated explicitly. # from the hills This refers to the hills surrounding Jerusalem. - diff --git a/zep/01/11.md b/zep/01/11.md index 1a938274fd..74f169361b 100644 --- a/zep/01/11.md +++ b/zep/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ This refers to merchants. Before coins were used, people weighed out silver or g # cut off Destroying is spoken of as if it were cutting something off from what it was a part of. See how you translated this in [Zephaniah 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "destroyed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/12.md b/zep/01/12.md index 7d70623f93..574605fce8 100644 --- a/zep/01/12.md +++ b/zep/01/12.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ This idiom means they think to themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom # Yahweh will not do anything, either good or evil Here "good and evil" is a merism that includes everything in between. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will not do anything at all" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/13.md b/zep/01/13.md index d244cff6ec..67d5e8cc62 100644 --- a/zep/01/13.md +++ b/zep/01/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # an abandoned devastation "destroyed and abandoned" - diff --git a/zep/01/14.md b/zep/01/14.md index e50354c316..da9601ba13 100644 --- a/zep/01/14.md +++ b/zep/01/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Zephaniah 1:7](../01/07.md). # a warrior crying bitterly Possible meanings are 1) a soldier crying in despair or 2) a soldier's battle cry. - diff --git a/zep/01/15.md b/zep/01/15.md index d96e7105ed..b525554ff8 100644 --- a/zep/01/15.md +++ b/zep/01/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The words "darkness" and "gloom" share similar meanings and emphasize the intens # a day of clouds and thick darkness This phrase means the same thing as, and intensifies, the idea of the previous phrase. Like that phrase, both "clouds" and "thick darkness" refer to divine judgment. Alternate translation: "a day full of dark storm clouds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/16.md b/zep/01/16.md index b373ce85d7..e7a627eccd 100644 --- a/zep/01/16.md +++ b/zep/01/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ The words "rams' horns" and "alarms" mean basically the same thing here. Both ar # fortified cities and the high battlements These two phrases both refer to military strongholds. Alternate translation: "well fortified cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/17.md b/zep/01/17.md index f8c8c10b58..1ed3a49587 100644 --- a/zep/01/17.md +++ b/zep/01/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Their blood that is shed will be as worthless as dust. This can be stated in act # their inner parts like dung The verb "poured out" is understood here. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "their enemies will cut open their bodies and leave them to rot like dung" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/18.md b/zep/01/18.md index 4f205b585d..65ef934c67 100644 --- a/zep/01/18.md +++ b/zep/01/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here "fire" refers to the intensity of Yahweh's anger. This can be stated as a s # all the inhabitants of the earth It is understood that this refers to the wicked people. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "all the wicked people who live on the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]]) - diff --git a/zep/01/intro.md b/zep/01/intro.md index af982ad872..8a28b99212 100644 --- a/zep/01/intro.md +++ b/zep/01/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Zephaniah 01 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 1:2-18. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Prophecy -#### Prophecy In this chapter, it is unclear whether these prophecies concern the fall of Jerusalem, the coming of the Messiah or the day of the Lord. It is possible that the prophecies reference more than one period of time. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/dayofthelord]]) ## Links: @@ -15,4 +16,3 @@ In this chapter, it is unclear whether these prophecies concern the fall of Jeru * __[Zephaniah intro](../front/intro.md)__ __| [>>](../02/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zep/02/01.md b/zep/02/01.md index 24dac661d1..9c8c53b783 100644 --- a/zep/02/01.md +++ b/zep/02/01.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In 2:1-3, Yahweh continues to speak to Judah, and tells them to repent. # Rally yourselves together and gather These two phrases mean the same thing. Together they intensify the command for the people to gather together in order to repent of their sins. Alternate translation: "Gather yourselves together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]]) - diff --git a/zep/02/02.md b/zep/02/02.md index 97b2aead93..eefa1cef9d 100644 --- a/zep/02/02.md +++ b/zep/02/02.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ The prophet repeats the same phrase almost exactly in order to emphasize how ter # Yahweh's wrath This stands for God's intent to punish. Alternate translation: "Yahweh's punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zep/02/03.md b/zep/02/03.md index ef595df14b..1ea135d9cc 100644 --- a/zep/02/03.md +++ b/zep/02/03.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract nouns "righteousness" and "humility" can be stated as actions. Alte # you will be protected in the day of Yahweh's wrath This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will protect you in the day of his wrath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/zep/02/04.md b/zep/02/04.md index ace89e35ed..6459433e49 100644 --- a/zep/02/04.md +++ b/zep/02/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Here "They" refers to the enemies of the Philistines. Possible meanings for "at # they will uproot Ekron The defeat of Ekron is spoken of as if it was a tree that was pulled from the ground and thrown away. Alternate translation: "they will take the people of Ekron away as if uprooting a tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zep/02/05.md b/zep/02/05.md index 07e8849d87..89c0ba5afd 100644 --- a/zep/02/05.md +++ b/zep/02/05.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ The Philistines were one of several people groups who lived in Canaan. # until no inhabitant remains "until no one is left." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "until every inhabitant is dead" - diff --git a/zep/02/06.md b/zep/02/06.md index 67a872355a..8b9a50f509 100644 --- a/zep/02/06.md +++ b/zep/02/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. See how you translated this in [Zephaniah 2: # sheep pens A sheep pen is a small area surrounded by a fence to keep the sheep together. - diff --git a/zep/02/07.md b/zep/02/07.md index 741dcaa9a1..69bdc5f7ae 100644 --- a/zep/02/07.md +++ b/zep/02/07.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ the land near the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. See how you translated this in # reverse their captivity This idiom means that Yahweh will give them back what they had before they went into captivity. Alternate translation: "cause them to live well again" or "restore their fortunes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/idiom]]) - diff --git a/zep/02/08.md b/zep/02/08.md index c969ea1e4f..0b58036f96 100644 --- a/zep/02/08.md +++ b/zep/02/08.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In 2:4-15, Yahweh announces his judgment on the nations that surround Judah. # violated their borders This refers to crossing over into Judah's territory in order to attack them. - diff --git a/zep/02/09.md b/zep/02/09.md index 32621ff7c8..d4f4d00116 100644 --- a/zep/02/09.md +++ b/zep/02/09.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ These two cities were so wicked that God completely destroyed them with fire fro # the remnant of my people ... the remainder of my nation These two phrases mean the same thing and refer to the Israelites that survived Yahweh's punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]]) - diff --git a/zep/02/10.md b/zep/02/10.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zep/02/10.md +++ b/zep/02/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zep/02/11.md b/zep/02/11.md index d778b3d918..9263d29bc0 100644 --- a/zep/02/11.md +++ b/zep/02/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # General Information: This page has intentionally been left blank. - diff --git a/zep/02/12.md b/zep/02/12.md index e58f61e022..c951229cd2 100644 --- a/zep/02/12.md +++ b/zep/02/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In 2:4-15, Yahweh announces his judgment on the nations that surround Judah. # You Cushites also will be pierced by my sword Here "pieced by my sword" is a metonym for being killed in battle. Alternate translation: "I will kill you people of Cush in battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) - diff --git a/zep/02/13.md b/zep/02/13.md index b106177790..4374f91726 100644 --- a/zep/02/13.md +++ b/zep/02/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The abstract noun "devastation" can be stated as an action. Alternate translatio # as dry as the desert This means it will be so dry that nothing will grow there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/zep/02/14.md b/zep/02/14.md index 0064d1cf8d..3c752da83a 100644 --- a/zep/02/14.md +++ b/zep/02/14.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ When buildings were destroyed and fell down, the columns used for decoration and # beams Beams are long and thick pieces of wood that are used to keep a building stable. - diff --git a/zep/02/15.md b/zep/02/15.md index f36fceea81..42ddad0ca6 100644 --- a/zep/02/15.md +++ b/zep/02/15.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ It may be necessary to supply an object for "I am." Alternate translation: "I am # hiss and shake his fist A hiss is an angry sound. This phrase indicates extreme anger of the people toward Nineveh. - diff --git a/zep/02/intro.md b/zep/02/intro.md index 1dd4b6a8c6..53e8999887 100644 --- a/zep/02/intro.md +++ b/zep/02/intro.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ # Zephaniah 02 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting + Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 2:1-9, 12-15. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Prophecy -#### Prophecy In this chapter, because the prophesied destruction is so complete, it is unclear whether these prophecies concern the time near the fall of Jerusalem or the day of the Lord. It is possible that the prophecies reference more than one period of time. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/dayofthelord]]) ## Links: @@ -13,4 +15,3 @@ In this chapter, because the prophesied destruction is so complete, it is unclea * __[Zephaniah 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__ - diff --git a/zep/03/01.md b/zep/03/01.md index 2cc1ed0262..560f90433a 100644 --- a/zep/03/01.md +++ b/zep/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The nature of their rebellion can be stated. Alternate translation: "the people # The violent city is defiled "The people of the city have committed violence and so I consider them unclean" - diff --git a/zep/03/02.md b/zep/03/02.md index 9230beb574..84f75ef91f 100644 --- a/zep/03/02.md +++ b/zep/03/02.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # She has not listened to the voice of God The voice is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and listening is a metonym for obeying. Alternate translation: "She has not obeyed what God has said to her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/03.md b/zep/03/03.md index 06264db812..2f70a534fc 100644 --- a/zep/03/03.md +++ b/zep/03/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Lions roar to chase other animals away from the prey they have caught. The princ # Her judges are evening wolves who leave nothing to be gnawed upon in the morning Wolves are especially hungry before they hunt at night. The judges are spoken of as if they were hungry wolves. Alternate translation: "Her judges are as greedy as hungry wolves that leave nothing for anyone else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/04.md b/zep/03/04.md index a71d86751c..3e59d953b7 100644 --- a/zep/03/04.md +++ b/zep/03/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ # have done violence to the law "have broken the law" - diff --git a/zep/03/05.md b/zep/03/05.md index 9f3a9e4f5b..10a6de31f7 100644 --- a/zep/03/05.md +++ b/zep/03/05.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation # knows no shame "is not ashamed" - diff --git a/zep/03/06.md b/zep/03/06.md index 4418a3b743..2f45928508 100644 --- a/zep/03/06.md +++ b/zep/03/06.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two sentences express the same idea in two different ways in order to emph # there is no man inhabiting them "no one lives there." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "all the people are dead" - diff --git a/zep/03/07.md b/zep/03/07.md index 9da91d8a65..24f895cb74 100644 --- a/zep/03/07.md +++ b/zep/03/07.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ Here "cut off" is an idiom that means to be removed. This can be stated in activ # by corrupting all their deeds "by doing deeds that were corrupt" - diff --git a/zep/03/08.md b/zep/03/08.md index 3ec9448a2d..6ed518003a 100644 --- a/zep/03/08.md +++ b/zep/03/08.md @@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ This phrase can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the fire of my # in the fire of my jealousy ... consumed Yahweh's jealousy is here spoken of as if it were fire that could consume something. This can be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: "my jealousy will consume all the earth as a fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/09.md b/zep/03/09.md index c31f9cae7f..c00d912218 100644 --- a/zep/03/09.md +++ b/zep/03/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This is an idiom that means they worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: "worship # serve him shoulder to shoulder Here "shoulder to shoulder" is an idiom that means "side by side." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/10.md b/zep/03/10.md index f6f755dfe4..33f8dc9364 100644 --- a/zep/03/10.md +++ b/zep/03/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # beyond the river of Cush This may refer to the area where Sudan is located today. - diff --git a/zep/03/11.md b/zep/03/11.md index 75df9328ce..deaac26665 100644 --- a/zep/03/11.md +++ b/zep/03/11.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will no longer be ash # those who boasted in your pride "all the people who celebrated the things you were proud of" - diff --git a/zep/03/12.md b/zep/03/12.md index cadbddae8e..af2cdb0cb0 100644 --- a/zep/03/12.md +++ b/zep/03/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ In verses 3:11-13, Yahweh encourages the remnant of Israel who survive the judgm # they will find refuge in the name of Yahweh Yahweh's protection of this remnant is spoke of as if he was a refuge or a fortress. Here "name of Yahweh" refers to his person. Alternate translation: "they will come to Yahweh and he will help them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/13.md b/zep/03/13.md index 7ee514d494..bb5fdc3d0d 100644 --- a/zep/03/13.md +++ b/zep/03/13.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ Here "tongue ... in their mouth" represents the things that the tongue enables t # they will graze and lie down Yahweh speaks of his provision for the people of Israel as if they are a flock of sheep that grazes and rests in safety. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/14.md b/zep/03/14.md index cf06b70455..f8d473f4b1 100644 --- a/zep/03/14.md +++ b/zep/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how happy they should be. Al # with all your heart Here "heart" refers to the inner being of a person. Alternate translation: "with all your inner being" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/15.md b/zep/03/15.md index be64ef4f02..5012a40ec5 100644 --- a/zep/03/15.md +++ b/zep/03/15.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ Here to "take away" punishment is an idiom that means to stop doing it. Alternat # You will never again fear evil The abstract noun "evil" can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: "You will no longer be afraid that people will harm you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/16.md b/zep/03/16.md index 3da56aa7d3..cbff51e1ab 100644 --- a/zep/03/16.md +++ b/zep/03/16.md @@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ The names of these cities here refer to the people who live in them. Alternate t # Do not let your hands become weak Here the "hands" are a metonym for the whole person and being physically weak is a metaphor for being discouraged. Alternate translation: "Do not allow yourself become weak" or "Do not become discouraged and so stop working" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/17.md b/zep/03/17.md index d75c905eb9..01f7c12d8c 100644 --- a/zep/03/17.md +++ b/zep/03/17.md @@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "he will quiet you by his love for you" or 2) "he will # a shout for joy Some modern translations read, "a song of joy" or "joyful singing." - diff --git a/zep/03/18.md b/zep/03/18.md index 37b97cb5d1..e8fa57c1b0 100644 --- a/zep/03/18.md +++ b/zep/03/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ # no longer bear any shame for it Here shame is spoken of as if it was a heavy thing that a person had to carry. Alternate translation: "no longer be ashamed because of it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/19.md b/zep/03/19.md index a6a735a887..ceb7eab8e3 100644 --- a/zep/03/19.md +++ b/zep/03/19.md @@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ The full thought here is, "I will make them to be objects of praise," that is, " # I will change their shame into renown The abstract nouns "shame" and "renown" can be stated as actions. Alternate translation: "I will cause them to no longer be ashamed, but for people to respect them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/20.md b/zep/03/20.md index d6b678c2bc..31bcfb8988 100644 --- a/zep/03/20.md +++ b/zep/03/20.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ These two lines mean basically the same thing and imply that Yahweh will bring t # reverse your captivity This idiom means that Yahweh will give them back what they had before they went into captivity. See how you translated similar words in [Zephaniah 2:7](../02/07.md). Alternate translation: "cause them to live well again" or "restore their fortunes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/idiom]]) - diff --git a/zep/03/intro.md b/zep/03/intro.md index 2b4fa86a7a..d2deb7fed7 100644 --- a/zep/03/intro.md +++ b/zep/03/intro.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ # Zephaniah 03 General Notes -### Structure and formatting +## Structure and formatting Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 3:1-20. -### Special concepts in this chapter +## Special concepts in this chapter + +### Prophecy -#### Prophecy In this chapter, because the prophesied destruction is so complete, it is unclear whether these prophecies concern the time near the fall of Jerusalem or the day of the Lord. It is possible that the prophecies reference more than one period of time. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/dayofthelord]]) ## Links: @@ -14,4 +15,3 @@ In this chapter, because the prophesied destruction is so complete, it is unclea * __[Zephaniah 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__ __[<<](../02/intro.md) | __ - diff --git a/zep/front/intro.md b/zep/front/intro.md index 9dc4ab614d..e9281195da 100644 --- a/zep/front/intro.md +++ b/zep/front/intro.md @@ -8,10 +8,12 @@ 1. Yahweh will punish Judah and the nations (1:2–18) 1. Yahweh calls Judah to repent (2:1–3) 1. Yahweh will judge the nations (2:4-15) - - Philistia (2:4–7) - - Moab and Ammon (2:8–11) - - Egypt (2:12) - - Assyria (2:13–15) + + - Philistia (2:4–7) + - Moab and Ammon (2:8–11) + - Egypt (2:12) + - Assyria (2:13–15) + 1. Yahweh will judge Jerusalem (3:1–8) 1. Yahweh will purify, restore, gather, and bless his people (3:9–20) @@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ The traditional name of this book is "The Book of Zephaniah" or just "Zephaniah. ### Who wrote the Book of Zephaniah? -Zephaniah wrote this book. But four different Old Testament people have the name Zephaniah. This Zephaniah was probably the great-grandson of King Hezekiah and a cousin to King Josiah. Zephaniah lived in the city of Jerusalem. He began to prophesy about seventy years after the prophets Isaiah and Micah. Zephaniah spoke Yahweh's messages during the reign of King Josiah (about 640–621 B.C.), and just before Jeremiah began to prophesy. +Zephaniah wrote this book. But four different Old Testament people have the name Zephaniah. This Zephaniah was probably the great-grandson of King Hezekiah and a cousin to King Josiah. Zephaniah lived in the city of Jerusalem. He began to prophesy about seventy years after the prophets Isaiah and Micah. Zephaniah spoke Yahweh's messages during the reign of King Josiah (about 640–621 B.C.), and just before Jeremiah began to prophesy. ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts @@ -36,4 +38,3 @@ Manasseh, the grandfather of Josiah, had been one of the worst kings of Judah. H ### What country is coming to invade Judah? Zephaniah often said a foreign nation would invade the kingdom of Judah. Zephaniah probably meant Babylonia. However, the Book of Zephaniah never names this nation. -